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UMASS/AMHERST  » 


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LIBRARY 


OF  THE 


MASSACHUSETTS 

AGRICULTURAL 

COLLEGE 

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^/>e  New  England 


Tobacco  Grower 


c. 


VOL.  V.  No.  I. 


HARTFORD.  CONNECTICUT,  MARCH,   1904. 


$t.00  A  YEAR 


TKe   Agricultural   Building   at   St.    Louis 


THE  focal  point  of  the  Louisiana 
Exposition  at  St.  Louis,  is  a  com- 
position made  up  of  tliree  big  cascades, 
the  largest  in  the  world;  the  colonnade 
of  states,  an  ornamental  screen  of  Ionic 
columns  forming  a  background  for 
fourteen  statues  each  symbolical  of  one 
of  the  states  or  territories  in  the  pur- 
chase;   three  highly   ornate  buildings, 


designed  by  Oass  Gilbert  of  New  York. 
Restaurant  pavilions,  peristyle  and 
cascades  and  the  general  scheme  of  the 
grand  basin  was  done  by  E.  L.  Mas- 
(jueray,  chief  of  design  of  the  exposition. 
The  statues  which  will  ornament  the 
approaches  to  the  cascades  will  repre- 
sent famous  characters  in  American 
history.     Marquette,  Joliet,  Lewis  and 


trated  in  the  main  entrances,  of  whicli 
there  will  be  five;  one  in  the  center  of 
each  of  the  shorter  fronts,  one  in  the 
center  of  the  front  on  Spinker  road  and 
two  placed  at  equal  distances  on  tlie 
front  toward  Arrowhead  Lake — the 
western  front.  The  openings  in  these 
entrances  will  be  i>2  feet  wide  and  74 
feet  high.     A  massive   arch  flanked  by 


/ 


_L-d 


including  festival  hall  in  the  center 
and  two  ornate  restaurant  pavilions  at 
either  end.  Added  _to  this  and  filling 
in  the  picture  are  Persian  gardens, 
flower  beds,  tiees,  vases,  walks  and 
approaches. 

No  decorative  feature  of  the  exposi- 
tion has  attracted  so  much  attention 
throughout  the  world  as  the  cascade 
gardens,  nor  does  any  other  portion  of 
the  fair  approach  it  in  grandeur.  The 
dome  of  the  festival  hall,  in  the  center 
of  the  peristyle,  is  much  larger  than 
that  of  St.    Peter's,  at  Rome.     It    was 


AGRICULTURAL  BUILDING. 

Clarke,  De  Soto  and  Laclede  will 
ajipear  in  the  approach  to  the  eastern 
cascade.  Keokuk,  Robert  Livingston, 
James  Monroe,  Franklin,  Hamilton, 
Narvaez,  Boone  and  Sitting  Bull 
appear  in  the  approach  to  the  western 
cascade.  These  side  cascades  symbolize 
the  Atlantic  and  Pacific  oceans. 

The  Agricultural  Building  at  the  St. 
Louis  Exposition  will  be  500  by  1,600 
feet.  The  long  facade  will  be  broken 
np  into  bays  accentuated  by  piers,  the 
latter  100  feet  from  center  to  center 
The   ornamentation   is  to  be   concen- 


heavy  pylons  that  rise  only  a  short  dis- 
tance above  the  cornice  make  up  this 
entrance  composition. 

The  lighting  of  the  building  has  re- 
ceived special  attention  from  the  archi- 
tect and  it  will  probably  be  the  best 
lighted  structure  of  the  fair.  The  roof 
will  be  carried  on  nine  bays  of  trusses, 
those  in  the  center  having  a  sp'in  of 
106  feet.  The  building  will  have  little 
ornamentation  anil  altbough  the  largest 
structure  on  the  grounds  it  will  cost 
less  than  some  of  the  buildings  in  thg 
main  architectural  picture  of  the  fair 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Wisconsin  in  New  York 

Among  the  ciomestic  leaf  sales  in 
New  York  recently  were  200  cases  ot 
1901  Wisconsin,  wrapiier  grades;  300 
cases  of  1902  Wisconsin  binders,  and 
350  cases  of  1902  Zimnier  Spanish, 
running  lots.  The  pi  ices  were  not 
given  out  for  publication,  but  the  rul- 
ing figures  for  Zimmer  are  16  to  17 
cents,  while  the  prices  for  Wisconsin 
vary  considerably,  ranging  between  15 
and  20  cents. 

Taussig  Jh  Company 

As  previously  announced  in  these 
columns,  Taussig  &  Co.,  of  Chicago, 
have  established  an  office  at  129  Maiden 
lane,  New  York,  with  salesroom  in 
charge  of  Fred  Newmann  and  Albert 
Kraus.  This  has  been  necessitated  by 
the  greatly  increased  demand  for  their 
celebrated  shade-grown  Florida  Ha- 
vana and  Sumatra  tobaccos.  Taussig 
&  Co.  are  among  the  pioneers  in  the 
cultivation  and  exploitation  of  Florida 
leaf,  which  is  now  a  very  successful 
business. 

Germination  Tests 

It  is  a  wise  act  to  test  the  germina- 
tive  qualities  of  seed  every  spring  and 
to  do  it  early,  so  there  will  be  no  delay 
in  s€ curing  a  new  supply  when  neces- 
sarj'.  Seed  testing  is  a  simple  matter 
and  it  affords  great  satisfaction  to  the 
planter.  Seeds  placed  between  pieces 
of  woolen  cloth  kept  moist  and  warm 
will  sprout  in  due  time  and  the  per- 
centage of  good  seed  can  thus  be  easily 
obtained.  In  case  of  clover  seed, 
timothy,  garden  seed  and  the  like,  it  is 
a  good  idea  to  buy  early  and  make  a 
test.  By  so  doing  much  loss  and  vexa- 
tion may  be  avoided. 


Hot-Bed  iSash. 

Get  our  quotations  on  Hot-Bed  Sash.  We  make  them  in  standard  sizes  or  in 
special  sizes  to  suit  the  requirements  of  Tobacco  Growers,  and  guarantee 
honest  materials,  the  best  of  workmanship,  and  a  good,  serviceable  sash. 

DOORS,    GLA.ZKD     AVINDO^VS,    BLINDS. 
>VINDO"W   AND   DOOR.   FIVAMCS. 

CALIFORNIA  REDWOOD  DOORS  A  SPECIALTY. 
Cord  for  Sash  and  Ventilators. 

E*  A.  Carlisle  and  Pope  Co*, 

2  Sudburx  St.,  Cor.  HaymarKet  Sq. 


Successors  to 
Le'hi  Boles  &  Son, 
Boston,  Mass. 


York,  Pennsylvania 

Twenty-one  new  cigar  factories 
have  been  licensed  in  the  county  since 
the  first  of  January,  making  the  1904 
outlook  for  that  industry  most  en- 
couraging. The  books  at  the  office 
of  the  revenue  department  show  that 
five  of  these  factories  are  located  in 
York,  and  most  of  the  others  in  the 
lower  end  of  the  county.  These  fac- 
tories are  naturally  open  to  new  con- 
nections with  cigar  leaf  packers,  and 
the  New  England  growers  will  natural- 
ly be  interested,  even  if  gome  of  the 
new  factories  are  very  small. 

Following  is  a  list  of  these  new  fac- 
tories: George  K.  Sweitzed,  Red  Lion; 
Schneider  Cigar  Manufacturing  Co., 
York;  Edwin  J.  Knaub,  Saginaw; 
Mazie  C.  Meads,  Red  Lion ;  Ida  R. 
Smith,  Red  Lion;  Edwin  S.  Felty, 
York;  Mary  Fishel,  Red  Lion;  Max 
Kalisch,  Red  Lion ;  Mary  J.  Ness, 
York;  Michael  Emenheiser,  New 
Bridgeville;  John  J.  Henry,  Bougue- 
ville;  G.  W.  Gable,  Windsor;  Milton 
H.  Maul,  Admire;  Samuel  M.  Kohler, 
Red  Lion;  Henry  M.  Gotwalt  &  Bros., 
Hanover;  and  Harry  S.  Shely,  Oraley. 


FOR  SALE. 


BOILERS  AND    ENGINES. 

Second  Hand  35  horse  power  horizontal  tubular  Steam 
Boiler  all  complete  except  steam  fittings  |;70.  1  6-inch  Ericsson 
hot  air  engine  $45;  1  8-inch  $65;  1  6-inch  Rider  hot  air  engine 
$95;  one  No.  5  ScoUay  Boiler  good  condition  $50  ;  and  one  No. 
5  Weathered  $50. 

GREENHOUSE  SUPPLIES. 

New  guaranteed  black  pipe  full  lengths  at  9;'4'cents  foot. 
Second  hand  pipe  as  follows  :  2  inch,  T/z;  X'/z  inch,  S%  cents  ;  \]i 
inch,  AYz  cents;  1  inch,  3,'4^  cents  ;  }i  inch,  3  cents;  Second 
hand  pipe  cutters,  $1.50  ;  No.  1  stock  and  dies,  $4  ;  No.  2  at  $5  ; 
New  guaranteed  Hose,  %  inch,  will  stand  150  water  pressure,  7,'< 
cents  foot.  Not  guaranteed,  at  A%  cents.  Job  lot  of  old  fire 
hose  in  good  condition.  New  Hot-Bed  and  Greenhouse  glass 
6x8  7x9-8x10,  .$2.40  Box.  6x8-8x10  double  glass  at  $2.75;  16x24 
double  glass  at  $3.50  Box. 
HOT=BED  SASH  complete  from  $1.50  UP.     Send  for  catalogue. 

GULF  CYPRESS  GREENHOUSE  MATERIAL. 


WE  FURNISH  EVERYTHING  FOR  BUILDING. 


Metropolitan  Material  Company, 

S.  JJtCOBS  Jh  SONS,    Proprietors, 
I36S  to  1373  flushing  Jtvenae,    BROOKLYN,   N.    K. 


Jieceipts   From   English    Tobacco 

The  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  of 
the  British  Government  has  estimated 
the  yield  of  the  tobacco  duty  for  the 
year  1908  to  be  .£13,500,000. 


Andrews  &  Peck^ 

MANUFACTURERS, 
Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

Doors,  Windows   and  Blinds. 

Manufacturers'  Agents  for  Akron   Sewer 

Pipe  and  Land  Tile. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  hotbed  sash. 

Office,  88  MarKet  ,Street, 

Mill:  Charter  Oak  and  Vredendalc  Avenues, 
HARTFORD,  CONN. 


For  The  Seed-Bed 


Use   the   Dietz 
O.  K.  Tubular 
Lantern,  —  the 
most    satisfac- 
tory  lantern 
made   for    this 
purpose.  Unre- 
liable lanterns 
make   havoc 
amon(^   the 
plants   by 
smoke,  or  else 
g-o  out  at  the 
critical  time, 
and  leave  the 
--fcd-bed  un- 
l>nitected  from 
rhi  11  and  frost. 
iz  Lanterns 
in  rii  steadily, 
.1  lul  can  be  de- 

I  ruled  upon 
i\  (TV  time. 

II  you  have 
tried  oil-stoves 
or  unreliable 
lanterns,  and 
become  dis- 
gusted with 
smoke-killing" 
and  low  tem- 

II  to  t,'ive  the  Dietz  O.  K. 


sk 


peraturos.  wi*  a 
Lantern  a  trial 

Let  your  dealer  show  you  one,  or  send  to  us 
for  a  catalogue. 


R.  E.  DIETZ  COMPANY 

Greenwich,  corner  Laight  Street, 
tiKW  YOR.K    CITY. 

ESTABLISHED    1840 


^he    New     England 
Tobacco     Grower 


HARTFORD, 


CONNECTICUT, 


MARCH  , 


19  04 


From    Tobacco    Towns 

R.ecent    Sales    of    1903     Crops — Business 
Rushing    at    AVarehouses 


Manchester,  Connecticut 

Work  corumenced  to  boom  February 
23  at  the  A.  &  S.  Hartman  tobacco 
warehouse.  The  work  of  the  sorters 
commenced  on  five  carloads  of  field- 
grown  tobacco  purchased  in  the  vicinity 
of  SufBeld  and  other  towns.  There 
are  about  forty  in  the  working  force, 
but  that  number  is  to  be  increased  to 
.  seventy-five. 

East    Haddam 

The  past  two  weeks  have  been  qiiite 
lively  as  regards  the  East  Haddam  to- 
bacco crop.  Four  buyers  have  been  in 
town  and  most  of  the  crop  has  been 
disposed  of. 

A.  &  S.  Hartman  of  Hartford  bought 
the  crops  of  Bugbee  &  Martin,  Harold 
Strong,  Charles  H.  Strong,  Frank 
Cone,  Geer  &  Bartman,  J.  R.  Bartman 
and  Walter  Gillette.  The  prices  paid 
were  eight,  eight  and  one-half,  nine 
and  ten  cents. 

John  A.  Warner  of  Tylervllle  es- 
cured  the  tobacco  grown  by  John 
Church  and  William  Bartman  at  pri- 
vate terms. 

Hale  &  Litchenstein  of  Portland  has 
bought  Lyman  R.  Sexton's  and  George 
B.  Hall's  crops  at  nine  cents. 

George  H.  Dennerlein  of  New  York 
has  bought  the  tobacco  grown  by  R.  S. 
Cone  and  Benjamin  F.  Edwards  of 
Moodus,  S.  B.  Warner  and  Joseph 
Rubricius  of  Town  Street,  John  M. 
Gelston  at  the  Landing  and  Anton 
Balvin  of  Hadlyme.  The  price  aver- 
aged eight  cents. 

Sunderland 

Polanders  are  buying  farms  in  this 
section  and  are  growing  tobacco  quite 
extensively.  They  pay  good  prices  for 
the  places  and  their  saving  habits  en- 
able them  to  produce  the  cash  in  most 
instances.  The  Deacon  TilLson  farm 
has  recently  been  sold  to  one  of  these 
foreigners,  the  consideratirn  being  in 
the  neighborhood  of  |6,000. 

Conway,    Massachusetts 

Fire  destroyed  the  tobacco  barn  of 
Charles  Parsons  &  Son  on  the  hill  just 
above  the  village  on  the  road  to  South 
Deerfield,  February  15.  It  was  a  very 
large  barn,  built   but  a   few  years  ago, 


and  contained  about  six  tons  of  to- 
bacco, also  all  the  farming  implements. 
The  building  is  a  total  loss,  and  the 
efforts  of  the  men  were  directed  to- 
ward saving  the  house  and  stock  barn. 
The  loss  is  estimated  at  $6,500,  with 
insurance  of  $3,500.  There  had  been 
no  one  in  the  barn  for  about  10  days, 
so  far  as  is  known,  and  the  origin  of 
the  fire  is  a  mystery. 

Montague 

A.  M.  Lyman  has  finished  taking 
down  and  scripping  and  has  his  1903 
crop  ready  for  the  buyers.  He  also 
has  10  cases  of  1902  wrappers. 

Growers  here  have  usually  had  their 
seed-beds  partly  under  cloth  and  glass, 
about  half  of  each.  I  find  that  a  bed 
well  made  up  in  the  fall,  covered  with 
good  manure  and  a  thick  layer  of  to- 
bacco stalks  through  the  winter, — the 
soil  well  worked  and  prepared  in  the 
spring, — makes  as  .sure  a  place  for  seed 
to  grow  as  can  be  produced. 

L.  M.  A. 

Feeding    Hills 

Growers  have,  in  most  cases,  finished 
taking  the  crop  from  the  poles.  Among 
recent  sales  are :  A.  W.  Easton,  three 
acres,  at  20  cents;  Dani«l  Leonard, 
three  acres  at  20  cents;  both  seed  leaf,  ' 
to  Edmund  Halladay  of  Suffield.  Mr. 
Say  and  Mrs.  Rooche  have  also  sold 
their  crops. 

Edmund  Smith  opened  his  warehouse 
on  his  Feeding  Hills  farm  January  38 
and  employs  about  twenty  men. 

Steam  has  been  used  but  very  little 
to  dampen  the  crop  on  the  poles. 

Warehouse    Point 

Recent  tobacco  sales  at  this  place 
are:  M.  Anderson  to  Myers  of  Broad 
Brook,  two  acres  at  11  cents;  T.  Sex- 
ton to  Phelps  of  Suffield,  one  acre  at 
16  cents,  and  F.  Schoenleber  to  McQue 
of  this  place,  two  acres  at  11  cents. 
Phelps  Brothers  delivered  their  crop  to 
Smith  of- Springfield  at  14  cents. 

Broad    Brook. 

The  tobacco  industry  is  now  in  a 
most  prosperous  condition,  and  all 
warehouses   report  a  rushing  business. 

School  Inspector  Willard  of  Colches- 


ter paid  this  village  a  visit  last  week 
and  cauesd  a  slight  flurry  of  excite- 
ment during  his  brief  stay.  He  came 
here  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  if 
the  young  people  in  the  employ  of  the 
packing-houses  could  show  the  certifi- 
cates granted  by  the  schools  permit- 
ting them  to  be  at  work  rather  than  at 
school.  All  of  the  young  people  at 
work  were  above  school  age  but  did 
not  have  certificates  to  show  the  officer. 
They  will  no  doubt  secure  the  papers 
very  soon. 

Windsor 

Several  new  sheds  are  to  be  built 
this  coming  season,  according  to 
present  talk.  There  is  still  an  unsatis- 
fied demand  for  an  architect  able  to 
design  a  tobacco  shed  that  can  be  used 
for  some  other  useful  purpose  during 
the  greater  part  of  the  year — although 
if  all  fall  and  winter  seasons  aie  to  be 
dry  as  the  last,  the  time  the  buildings 
remain  unoccupied  will  not  be  so  very 
long. 

Some  Windsor  farmers  use  their 
slieds  the  year  'round  for  the  advertis- 
ing of  sundry  pills  and  infant  dope, 
but  there  is  a  growing  prejudice 
against  this,  as  it  is  felt  that  the  ad- 
vertising signs  detract  from  the  dignity 
of  the  sheds.  Ko  buyer  has  yet  been 
found  who  has  used  the  presence  of 
painted  signs  on  barns  as  an  excuse  for 
docking  in  settling  for  a  crop,  but  such 
a  buyer  may  yet  come  along,  and  a 
new  excuse  will  be  added  to  the  old 
series. 

A  tobacco  shed  owned  by  Frank 
Donahue  and  situated  on  what  is 
known  as  "the  island,"  was  burned 
February  24.  The  .shed  was  about 
sixty  feet  long  and  contained  the  to- 
bacco crop  for  two  or  three  acres. 
The  loss  is  estimated  at  |1,000. 

Windsor     Locks 

A  stock  barii  and  tobacco  shed, 
owned  by  Michael  Sheridan  were 
burned  to  the  ground  with  all  the  con- 
tents, January  30.  Mr.  Sheridan  lived 
alone  at  his  place.  At  about  9  o'clock 
he  saw  the  interior  of  the  barn  all 
ablaze  from  the  house,  and  being 
distant  from  the  fire  hydrants  nothing 
could  be  done  towards  saving  it.  The 
barn,  with  additions,  was  about  30  by 
80  feet,  and  contained  the  product  of 
an  acre  of  tobacco  in  process  of  strip- 
ping, two  tons  of  hay,  a  wagon,  sleigh 
and  various  farming  implements, 
valued  altogether  at  about  $500.  Theie 
was  no  insurance  on  it. 


a-'ja^ 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Delivering'  tHe   Crop 

Buyers   Now  TaKin£>   Tobacco   Previously   Bargained 
for— Less   "DocRing"   TKan   Usual 


Burnside 

Bnj-ers  are  now  taking  the  crops 
purchased  during  the  past  few  months, 
and  from  all  reports  seem  to  be  satisfied 
to  pay  prices  agreed  upon  at  the  time 
the  tobacco  was  bargained  for.  This 
is  the  first  season  in  a  number  of  years 
that  there  has  been  so  little  trouble  be- 
tween grower  and  buyer  in  regard  to 
price  at  the  time  of  delivering. 

W.  L.  Huntting  and  E.  O.  Gocdwin 
are  receiving  crops  at  their  respective 
warehouses  in  East  Hartford  about  as 
fast  as  they  are  able  to  handle  them. 

Chas.  Ott  has  sold  four  acres  of  seed 
leaf  to  Miller  &  Manning  of  Hillstown. 

Some  of  the  broadleaf  tobacco  is 
weighing  esceei^ingly  light  this  season. 
One  grower  who  usually  packs  his 
crop,  was  only  able  to  get  2,200  pounds 
from  a  three-acre  crop.  Another 
instance  is  cited  of  a  Hillstown  crop 
delivered  to  an  East  Hartford  ware- 
house that  only  averaged  900  pounds 
to  the  acre.  These  are  exceptional 
cases,  however,  and  the  growers  fully 
expect  that  the  crop  will  average  at 
least  1,200  pounds  to  the  acre. 

The  outlook  for  1904  is  for  a  full 
acreage  of  seed  leaf  with  a  slight  fall- 
ing oflE  in  the  acreage  of  Havana. 

Reports  indicate  that  a  large  number 
of  growers  on  the  west  side  of  the  river 
are  contemplating  raising  broadleaf  in 
place  of   Havana  the  coming  season. 

K. 

East    Hartford 

Practically  all  the  1903  broadleaf 
has  been  bought.  Among  the  heaviest 
buyers  were  E.  O.  Goodwin,  W.  L. 
Huntting  &  Co.,  L.  B.  Haas,  Hinsdale 
Smith  &  Co.  and  J.  Bigger  &  Sons. 
Prices  ranged  at  20  to  28  cents  through 
assorted.  Very  little  of  the  tobacco 
has  yet  been  delivered. 

Alva  Alexander  sold  his  1902  broad- 
leaf to  Smith  of  Springfield. 

The  finely  equipped  tobacco  ware- 
house on  Clark  street  known  as  the 
Spencer  warehouse,  recently  occupied 
by  Sutter  Brothers,  has  been  leased  for 
a  term  of  years  by  Messrs.  A.  E.  Kil- 
bourne  and  Francis  I.  Hanmer.  It  has 
completely  furnished  sweat  rooms  and 
a  system  of  humidifiers  for  the  perfect 
handling  of  tobacco. 

East    Windsor    Hill 

There  are  but  ten  crops  here  unsold, 
— six  of  broadleaf  and  four  of  Havana 
seed,  aggregating  eighty  acres.  The 
buyers  this  season  have  been :  Haas, 
Huntting,  Goodwin,  Osterweis,  Graves, 
Koffenburg,  Allen,  Loomis,  Farnham, 
Grotta,  McCue,  Hartman,  Taylor, 
Smith  and  Bijur.  Prices  range  from 
20  cents  to  30  cents — exclusive  of  tiller. 

The  average  cost  for  fertilizer  per 
acre  is  ^Bo, — some  run  higher,  some 
fall  below  that  figure. 


In  selecting  seed  it  is  the  custom 
here  to  take  some  from  the  previous 
season's  crop,  providing  the  season  has 
been  favorable,  resulting  in  a  good 
growth  of  well  ripened  tobacco.  In 
some  instances  growers  reject  their 
own  seed  and  procure  sotse  from  a 
neighbor,  preferring  to  change  where 
their  own  seed  has  been  used  continu- 
ously. 

The  outlook  for  good  farm  hands  is 
not  favorable.  Intelligent  immigrants 
learn  readily  to  cultivate  and  handle 
the  crop. 

About  same  acreage  will  be  planted 
here  as  last  year.  As  broadleaf  has 
commanded  best  prices,  naturally  more 
of  it  will  be  grown  than  of  Havana 
seed. 

West    Suffield 

George  Denderlin  of  Hartford  has 
bought  the  crops  of  Joseph  Hadams, 
John  Burns,  four  acres,  and  Thomas 
Burns,  six  acres,  all  for  1.5  cents  in  the 
bundle.  Other  crops  are  being  held 
for  higher  prices.  The  owners  say 
they  will  sort  if  they  do  not  obtain 
their  price,  as  they  believe  there  is  a 
marked  shortage  of  good  tobacco. 

John  Gilligan  has  assorted  his  crop 
of  three  acres  and  placed  it  in  the 
force-sweat  room  of  John  Barnett. 
Mr.  Gilligan  believes  he  will  obtain 
what  the  tobacco  is  worth  in  about  six 
weeks.  He  has  done  this  for  several 
years  and  has  generally  doubled  the 
price  offered  for  the  tobacco  in  the 
bundle. 

Mr.  Weaver  has  bought  the  eight- 
acre  crop  of  H.  Hemmingway.  It  will 
be  sorted  at  Ude's  warehouse  and  paid 
for  according  to  grades.  He  sold  last 
year's  crop  in  the  same  way  and  real- 
ized more  thereby. 

Poquonock 

The  method  of  the  American  To- 
bacco Company  and  Mr.  Kuff  of  Noble 
Bros.  Company  in  buying  tobacco  this 
season  has  been  to  buy  by  grades.  The 
grades  are  figured  at  40  cents  for 
lights,  20  cents  for  medium,  16  cents 
for  binders,  12  cents  for  heavy  wrap- 
pers, .5  cents  for  tops,  3  cents  for 
fillers,  1J4  cents  for  waste.  Tobacco 
must  be  sorted  by  the  buyer  at  one  of 
their  sorting  warehouses  and  the 
farmer  has  to  pay  three  cents  for  sort- 
ing, including  waste  tobacco. 

Enfield    Street 

John  T.  Pease  has  sold  his  tobacco 
to  Litchenstein  &  Hale  of  Gildersleeve; 
Hiram  H.  Terry  has  handed  over  to 
the  same  firm  what  he  raised  on  the 
P.  B.  Parsons  estate;  Patrick  Carey 
and  Mr.  Nickerson  have  delivered 
their  tobacco  to  Meyers  of  Broad 
Brook ;  Welsh  Bros,  of  London  district 
have  transferred  theirs  to  Meyers  of 
Broad  Broofe. 


Suffield 

The  situation  in  this  vicinity  is  very 
quiet.  The  tobacco  is  being  delivered 
to  the  various  warehouses  at  the  prices 
agreed  upon  when  bargained  for.  The 
writer  does  not  remember  of  a  season 
when  there  was  so  little  docking  on 
the  part  of  the  buyers. 

Owing  to  the  scarcity  of  damps  this 
season  and  the  fact  that  tobacco  was  in 
no  condition  to  be  looked  at  until  it 
was  in  the  bundle,  the  growers  have, 
in  most  cases,  been  compelled  to  wait 
until  that  time  before  selling,  with  the 
result  that  we  hear  of  less  docking 
than  before.  Taking  these  things  into 
consideration,  it  would  seem  to  be 
suflBcient  proof  that  this  is  one  of  the 
best  ways  to  sell. 

The  season  of  1904  will  see  an 
average  acreage  of  tobacco  grown  in 
this  vicinity  and  it  will  be  but  a  short 
time  now  before  the  seed-beds  are 
started. 

The  experiment  of  using  steam  to 
take  tobacco  down,  which  was  used  by 
Henry  Fuller  of  Mapleton,  has  proved  a 
decided  success  and  we  hope  to  see  a 
more  general  use  of  this  method      J.  L. 

During  the  past  ten  days  a  large 
quantity  of  tobacco  has  been  delivered 
to  the  warehouses  of  E.  A.  &  W.  F. 
Fuller  and  Meyer  &  Mendelsohn, 
(^uite  a  quantity  has  also  been  shipped 
from  this  station  to  other  buyers. 

Among  the  recent  sales  are:  O.  E. 
Haskins  to  P.  Dennerlien  &  Sons,  six 
acres  at  11  cents;  W.  H.  Hastings  to 
Hale,  five  acres;  George  Phelps, twelve 
acres,  at  40  cents  for  light  wrappers 
and  other  grades  in  proportion;  Fayette 
Phelps,  to  Hinsdale  Smith  &  Company, 
ten  acres  at  15  cents;  John  Sliney, 
three  acres,  assortea,  to  E.  A.  &  W.  F. 
Fuller;  A.  N.  Graves,  65  acres  to 
American  Tobacco  Company,  price 
reported  17  cents;  J.  Warner,  to  Hins- 
daie  Smith  &  Company. 

A.  Weber  of  West    Suffield    has   pur- 
chased the  sixteen-acre    crop  of   W.  S 
Bush  of   Westfield   at  p.  t.     This   crop 
is  said  to   be  the   best   grown   in   that 
section. 

I  do  not  think  there  will  be  any  in- 
crease in  acreage.  Several  growers 
will  raise  part  broadleaf  this  season. 
The  1903  crop  while  not  running  so 
largely  to  wrappers  as  in  other  seasons, 
is  producing  some  desirable  grades  of 
medium  and  light  wrappers  and 
seconds. 

Fuller,  Haskins  &  Halladay  have 
just  finished  baling  their  1903  crop  of 
shade-grown,  and  are  pleased  with  the 
manner  in  which  the  crop  has  finished. 

J. 
Windsor     Locks 

A  shipment  of  five  car-loads  of  to- 
bacco, the  crops  raised  by  Albert  and 
C.  O.  Graves,  is  being  loaded  at  the 
freight  depot  for  a  southern  destina- 
tion. The  crops  were  raised  on  the 
big  plantation  of  A.  N.  Graves  on  the 
Plains  and  on  C.  O.  Graves'  land  Bt 
the  north  end  of  the  town. 

North     Hatfield 

Charles  W.  Marsh  has  sold  16  acres 
of  Havana  tobacco,  cased,  to  Meyer  & 
Mendelsohn  at  private  terms. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Bowker's  Tobacco  Fertilizers 


have  for  over  twenty  years  been  producing  the  best  and  finest 
crops  of  tobacco  in  the  Connecticut  Valley,  because  they  supply 
the  plant  food  that  is  best  for  tobacco,  and  plenty  of  it  to 
carry  the  crop  through  to  maturity. 


Mr.  B,  N.  Alderman,  East  Granby,  Conn.,  says  :  "  I  am  partial  to  the 
Bowker  Tobacco  Asli  Fertilizer  because  it  acts  very  quickly  and  also 
carries  the  crop  through." 

Another  grower  writes  :  "The  Bowker  goods  also  show  the  second  year 
which  is  important  in  repeated  use  of  the  same  ground." 

fl /^ -ITir  X^  p^   "D      FERTILIZER     COMPANY. 
■P^^    ▼▼    ^^  ^^  -TK.  BOSTON  and   NE^V  YORK. 

220  State  Street,    Hartford,  Conn. 


Cuban    Tobacco    Exported 

"El  Tobacco"  publishes  the  tobacco 
statistics  for  Cuba  during  1903.  The 
number  of  bales  exported  was  303,116, 
valued  at  112,124,640,  or  at  the  rate 
of  about  |40  a  bale.  The  exports  were 
42,424  bales  less  than  in  1902.  There 
were  208,608,450  cigars  shipped,  which 
at  the  rate  of  $60  a  thousand  would 
yield  |12,516,507.  There  were  ex- 
ported 14,341,445  packages  of  cigar- 
ettes, which  at  $25  a  thousand,  would 
yield  |358,536.  Of  cut  tobacco  there 
was  exported  106,873  kilos,  valued  at 
about  $128,248. 

The  United  States  took  45,800,000 
cigars  and  181,428  bales  of  tobacco. 
Germany  took  31,000,000  cigars  and 
46,177  bales  of  tobacco.  England 
bought  92,000,000  cigars.  Colombia 
purchased  7,249,610  packages  of  cigar- 
ettes, an  increase  of  more  than  2,000,- 
000  over  1902. 

New    York    Quotations 

Tobacco  prices  in  New  York  are 
quoted  as  follows: 


Connecticut  fillers, 

6—8 

Average  running  lots. 
Fine  wrappers, 
New  York  State  fillers. 

20—30 

40—75 

5—7 

Average  running  lots. 
Fine  wrapper, 
Ohio  fillers. 

15—30 
25—35 
16—18 

Average  running  lots, 
Pennsylvania  fillers. 
Average  lots  B's, 

16—20 

7-10 
13—15 

The  following  figures  show  the  total  exports  of 

leaf  tobacco  from   ( 

Cuba  for 

the  past  four  years  :- 

- 

1900 

1901 

1903 

1903 

United  States, 

$8,395,550 

$10,690,035 

$9,261,034 

$10 

,743,994 

Germany, 

959,149 

4,414,458 

1,071,655 

761,313 

Spain, 

196 

565 

528,897 

624,833 

Austria, 

9.5,558 

349,860 

333,276 

111,588 

Canada, 

34,138 

75,620 

99,160 

108,603 

France, 

126,296 

304,868 

114,894 

103,300 

Argentina, 

58,411 

132,433 

48,728 

84,183 

England, 

26,763 

33,123 

27,336 

33,772 

Dutch  W.  I., 

16,049 

Holland, 

8,377 

66,236 

44,517 

15,386 

Chile, 

1,650 

19,005 

20,950 

15,030 

Belgium, 

3,115 

4,950 

16,953 

7,484 

Uruguay, 

6,410 

23,383 

16,435 

5,638 

Other  countries. 

5,834 

53,831 

83,537 

$12 

35,174 

Total, 

$9,730,446 

$16,055,395 

$11,556,342 

:,655,135 

Largest    Tobacco    Warehouse 

What  is  described  as  being  the  larg- 
est tobacco  warehouse  in  the  world  is 
located  at  Liverpool.  It  occupies  one 
block  735  feet  long  and  165  feet  wide. 
The  height  from  the  level  of  the  road, 
excluding  that  of  the  vault,  is  124  feet 
10  inches.  The  total  accommodation 
of  the  twelve  floors  of  the  building  and 
the  quay  floors  is  58,200  packages.  In 
addition  to  this  warehouse  are  two 
older  warehouses,  which  occupy  the 
north  and  south  quays  of  the  same 
dock,  the  tendency  being  to  concen- 
trate the  storage  of  tobacco  in  one  lo- 
cation. 


Tobacco     from     Paradise 

A  gentleman  in  India,  having  grum- 
bled about  the  dryness  of  his  tobacco, 
got  the  following  note  from  his  to- 
bacconist:— "Sahib, — I  beg  to  state 
that  I  have  some  fault,  therefore  I 
solicit  kindly  excusing  the  crime,  be- 
cause you  are  my  master  as  well  as  my 
mother  and  father.  I  have  ready  six 
tin  of  tobacco,  in  cold  water  they  lie, 
for  the  Sahib  is  a  very  great  Sahib, 
Lord  of  all  the  Sahibs,  and  bis  tobacco 
is  from  Paradise.  Kindly  grant  me 
order,  which  I  will  supply,  I  am  very 
good  man.  Sahib.  —  Yours  faithful, 
Hainan  Lall. " 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco  Growing  in  Brazil 

Leaves  A.re   TaKen  From  tHe  iStalKs  and  Dried 
Under  Hut  R.oofs 


j|N  Brazil,  tobacco  is  chiefly  cul- 
tivated in  the  provinces  of 
fe]]  [^  Bahia,  Minas,  San  Paulo  and 
™  <5ll|  Para.  The  town  of  Purifica- 
cao,  in  Bahia,  is  the  centre 
of  an  important  district.  The  cultiva- 
tion is  increasing,  and  greater  care  is 
taken  in  the  preparation. 

The  common  up  country  method  is 
to  pick  the  leaves  from  the  stalks,  dry 
them  under  the  hut  roofs,  remove  the 
midribs,  and  spread  them  in  super- 
posed layers,  amounting  to  two  to 
eight  pounds,  for  rolling  together  and 
binding  with  back  strips. 

These  rolls  are  bound  very  tightly 
with  a  cord,  and  left  for  several  days, 
when  the  cord  is  replaced  by  strips  of 
jacitara,  the  split  stem  of  a  climbing 
palm  (Desmoncus  sp.  div. ),  and  have 
a  stick-like  form  one  and  one-half  inch 
in  diameter.  They  are  sold  in  masas 
of  four  to  six  feet  in  length,  but  the 
tobacco  is  not  considered  good  till  it 
has  fermented  for  five  to  six  months, 
when  it  is  hard  and  black,  and  shaved 
off  as  required  for  pipes,  cigarettes, 
and  cigars,  the  last  made  with  wrap- 
pers of  tanari  bark  (Couratari  guianen- 
sis).  The  Tapayos  tobacco  is  con- 
sidered the  finest  in  the  Amazon  val- 
ley. 

The  cultivation  of  tobacco  in  Brazil 
began  about  the  year  1600,  in  the 
province  of  Bahia,  and  from  thence  ex- 
tended to  all  the  other  districts  along 
the  coast.  Among  the  localities  earl- 
iest known  for  their  tobacco  produc- 
tions was  the  lake  district  of  Pernam- 
buco,  now  the  province  of  Alagoas, 
where  an  excellent  quality  was  pro- 
duced, which  commanded  very  high 
prices.  During  the  following  century 
the  cultivation  increased  so  rapidly  in 
Alagoas  and  Bahia,  that  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  succeeding  century, 
the  average  annual  exjjort  had  reached 
S.S.'iT  tons  from  the  latter,  and  285 
tons  from  the  former  i^rovinco.  The 
earliest  export  statistics  available  for 
the  whole  of  Brazil  are  for  the  year 
1839-40,  in  which  the  export  amounted 
to  305,966  arrobas,  tlie  arruba  being 
e(iuivalent  to  about  32  pounds,  and  the 
value  exceeded  .€65,000.  In  1879-80, 
the  export  was  50,000,000  pounds,  of 
the  value  of  £659,000;  in  1880-1,  44,- 
000,000  pounds,  of  the  value  of  £650,- 
000,  and  in  1881-3,  .'i3, 000,000  pounds, 
of  the  value  of  £680,000. 

Though  the  principal  tobacco  pro- 
ducing province  of  Brazil  is  Bahia,  to- 
bacco of  good  quality  is  grown  in  every 
part  of  Brazil,  from  the  Amazon  to 
the  Rio  Grande  frontier. 

The  methods  employed  in  the  culti- 
vation and  preparation  of  the  i)lant  are 
very  much  the  same  as  they  were 
nearly  two  hundred  years  ago. 

The  land  selected  for   tobacco  grow- 


ing is  cleared,  and  the  surface  worked 
with  a  hoe,  after  which  it  is  marked 
off  into  parallel  rows  about  three  feet 
apart,  according  to  locality  and  the 
size  of  the  mature  plants.  In  trans- 
planting, the  j'oung  plants  are  set  from 
two  to  three  feet  apart,  and  are  man- 
ured heavily  in  the  pits  opened  for 
them. 

In  gathering  the  crops,  planters  wait 
until  the  plants  are  fully  matured,  this 
being  determined  by  doubling  and 
breaking  one  of  the  top  leaves.  In 
Bahia  and  other  Brazilian  provinces 
the  lower  leaf  is  often  picked  by  itself, 
and  in  a  few  days  the  next,  and  so  on 
as  long  as  the  plant  will  develop  the 
lower  leaves  into  what  is  classed  first 
quality.  These  leaves  are  hung  up 
two  and  two,  under  cover  and  across 
poles,  34  hours  after  picking  and  sweat- 
ing. 

When  it  is  intended  to  twist  the 
leaves  into  ropes,  they  are  left  hanging 
about  two  days,  when  they  are  taken 
down,  carefully  freed  from  the  heavy 
parts  of  the  midrib,  doul)led  in  halves, 
and  laid  away  for  the  rope  twister. 
This  operation  requires  considerable 
dexterity,  and  is  generally  entrusted 
to  the  best  man  on  the  plantation. 
The  operation  requfres  a  rude  wind- 
lass, which  is  slowly  turned  in  winding 
the  rope,  which  is  twisted  by  hand. 
A  boy  is  usually  employed  entirely  to 
hand  leaves  to  the  twister.  These 
ropes  are  unwound  and  re-wound  once 
or  twice  a  day  for  a  period  of  10  to  15 
days,  according  to  the  weather,  and 
are  twisted  a  little  harder  each  time. 
In  curing,  the  tobacco  grows  darker 
and  darker,  until  it  becomes  jet  black. 
The  juices  exuding  from  the  rolls  are 
carefully  caught  and  preserved  until 
the  last  winding,  when,  mixed  with 
lard,  syrup,  and  various  aromatic 
herbs,  they  are  used  to  pass  the  rope 
through,  previous  to  the  final  winding. 
The  last  step  is  to  cut  the  cuied  ropes 
in  certain  lengths,  and  to  re-wind 
them  upon  light  wooden  ."ticks,  about 
two  feet  in  length,  the  winding  being 
very  compact  and  regular.  The  rolls 
are  then  covered  with  leather  or  strong 


canvas,  when  they  are  ready  for  mar 
ket.  Formerly,  these  rolls  were  made 
to  weigh  eight  arrobas,  or  256  pounds, 
though  rolls  of  three  arrobas  wer6 
made  for  the  home  markets.  At  the 
present  day  the  weights  vary  accord- 
ing to  the  locality. 

Tobacco    Men    Burned    Out 

The  disastrous  fire  in  Baltimore  on 
February  9,  destroyed  the  stock  and 
premises  of  the  following  concerns 
connected  with  the  cigar  and  tobacco 
industry : 

Liebman  &  Dellevie,  M.  Kemper  & 
Sons,  Stewart,  DeBullet  &  Co.,  Wm. 
A.  Boyd  &  Co.,  Becker  Bros.,  Ed. 
Wischmej'er  &  Co.,  Lee  &  Hays,  Chas. 
Ditmar,  Jos.  Merfeld  &  Co.,  Henry 
Lauts  &  Co.,  Vion,  Kopff  &  Arens,  J. 
D.  Kremelberg  &  Co.,  A.  Schumacher 
&  Co.,  W.  Boucher  &  Co.,  Warner  & 
Brown,  B.  F.  Miller  &  Co.,  H.  Jus- 
ting, Jr.,  C.  Birnbaum,  G.  Nable, 
Elliot,  Ottenheimer  &  Elliot,  Lemuel 
Perran  &  Co.,  Marburg  Bros.,  Floro- 
dora  Tag  Co.,  Geo.  B.  Skinner,  Sneer- 
inger  &  Co.,  Ballard  &  Colliday,  Jacob 
Haupt  &  Co.,  F.  Adler,  J.  Requard  & 
Co.,  B.  F.  Garvely's  Sons,  and  the 
American  Cigar  Co. 


laMMMM 


The  flavor  of  TOBACCO  may  be  in- 
jured by  the  use  of  stable  and  rank 
organic  manures. 

Potash 

in  the  form  of  sulphate  produces  an 
improved  flavor  and  a  good  yield. 
*         Tobacco  must  have  Potash. 

Our  little  book,  '"Tobacco  Culture,"  con- 
tains much  valuable  information,  and  every 
tobacco  grower  can  obtain  a  copy  free  of 
rharge  by  writing  for  it. 

GERMAN  KALI  WORKS 

93  Nassau  Street  New  York 


"Millions  for  Farmers" 

So  says  Secretary  Wilson,  U.  S.  Uep'tof  Ajji'icuUiire. 
pW  ■  A  Exhaustive  Tests  Prove  that  the  Finest  Grade  of 

""^       CUBAN  LEAF 

Filler  and  Wrapper  Can  be  Grown 
in  East  Texas  on  the  Line  of  the 

SOUTHERN     PACIFIC 

Soils  and  Climate  similar  to  famous  Vuelta 

Abajo  District  of  Pinar  Del  Rio,  Cuba. 

T.  J.  ANDERSON,  Gen.  Pass.  Agt.,  Houston,  Texas 


OBAGCO 
RACTS 


VVriti'  fur  KuU  lulor- 
matitiii  to 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GRO>X^R 


Every    Tobacco    Grow^er    and 
Every  Farmer  Needs  One 


Fairbanks  Gasolene  Engines 


UTILITY 


DURABILITY 


ECONOMY 


Are  three  of  their  many  excellent  features.  "A  frien<1  in  need  is  a  friend 
indeed."  You  can  always  rely  on  the  "Fairbanks."  A  ready  and  willing 
worker.     Let   us    tell   you   more   about   them    in    our   cataloffue    No.    360. 


Vertical  I  l'2  to  lO  H.  P. 


Horizontal  3  H.  P.  up. 


Neither  can  you  afford  to  ship  your  product 
without  weighing  it  on  a 


FAIRBANKS     5CALE 


You  will  need  a  truck.     We  have  trucks  in  stock  of  every  description.     Call  and  see  them  at  our 
sales   and  wareroom,   where  you  will  find  a    full   line  of 

MILL      AND      FACTORY      SUPPLIES. 


The  Fairbanks    Company^ 


314  Sii  316  Pearl  Street, 


Hartford)   Conn. 


New  York,  N.  Y. 

Albany,  N.T.  Baltimore,  Md.  Buffalo,  N.  Y.         Pittsburg-,  Pa. 

Philadelphia,  Pa.      New  Orleans,  La.       Montreal,  Que.       Vancouver,  B.C. 
Boston,  Mass.  London,  E.  C.  Toronto,  Ont. 


Tobacco  by  Parcels  Post 

Imports    by    Mail    Into     ttie    United     States     From 
Cuban    Plantations 


CUBAN  planters  have  been  taking 
advantage  of  the  parcels  post  to 
send  packages  of  filler  and  wrapper  to- 
bacco to  manufacturers  in  this  country. 
Several  collectors  have  reported  that  it 
is  not  the  practice  of  manufacturers  to 
take  up  these  samples  of  tobacco  on 
their  books  and  account  for  them, 
claiming  that  they  were  samples  and 
were  not  used  as  material  in  the  pro- 
duction of  cigars  or  otherwise. 

In  regard  to  this  matter  the  Com- 
missioner holds  that  he  regards  it  as 
in  violation  of  the  laws  and  regula- 
tions to  permit  manrfacturers  to  bring 
into  their  factory  premises  tobacco 
which  they  do  not  properly  enter  on 
their  books  and  account  for.  and  he 
rules  that  this  practice  will  not  be  al- 
lowed hereafter.  The  facts  attendant 
upon  cases  of  this  character  disclose 
that  packages  of  tobacco  come  in 
through  the  Parcels  Post  limited  to 
four  pounds  in  weight,  and  unless 
some  re.°triction  is  placed  upon  manu- 
facturers who  receive  imports  of  high 
grade  tobacco  through  this  source  it  is 
readily  perceptible  that  frauds  upon 
the  revenue  could  be  very  easily  per- 
petrated, as  no  restriction   exists  as  to 


the  number  of  packages  that  may  be 
imported  through  the  mail. 

It  frequently  occurs  that  manufac- 
turers have  been  found  to  receive 
packages  containing  ten  pounds  and 
upward,  from  which  it  is  presumably 
possible  to  manufactui'e  four  hundred 
cigars;  that  if  the  practice,  indicated 
by  the  collectors'  reports,  should  con- 
tinue to  exist,  and  manufacturers  be 
not  required  to  take  upon  their  books 
and  account  for  samples  received,  the 
door  for  fraud  upon  the  internal  reve- 
nue would  be  wide  open  for  any  man- 
ufacturer who  chooses  to  take  advan- 
tage of  it;  that  it  is  certainly  not  to 
be  presumed  that  manufacturers  will 
throw  away  ten  or  more  pounds  of 
Cuban  tobacco  filler,  and  the  query 
arises  what  do  they  do  with  it? 

The  collectors  in  question  were  ad- 
vised that  manufacturers  should  be  re- 
quired to  take  up  these  imported 
samples  on  their  books  and  if  the 
material  thus  received  is  not  used  in 
the  manufacture  of  a  taxable  product 
that  fact  may  be  shown  by  them,  sup- 
ported by  proper  affidavits,  as  to  what 
disposition  was  made  of  it,  and  there- 
after credit  might  be  allowed  in  the 
settlement  of  such  manufacturer's  ac- 
count. 


Mddison 

Christian  and  George  Tepp  have  sold 
their  tobacco. 

William  Mcllvane,  Mrs.  W.  Gris- 
wold  and  J.  Reichardt  have  sold  'their 
crops. 


!!?l?lBaiilt 


600,000 


Joseph  H.King,  zi~ 
Pbesident. 


^^=r^ 


^0,000-, 


William  J.Dixon. 
Cashier. 

OPPOSITE      onom.i.i     C^Ti^ir— ■      HARTFORD. 

CITY  HALL,  803  Main  Street,        conn. 


CLOSE 
ATTENTION 

to  the  interests  of  our  de- 
positors is  always  our 
first  consideration.  The 
absolute  safety  of  their 
deposits,  and  our  extens- 
ive facilities,  quick  col- 
lections, modern  methods 
and  convenience  of  lo- 
cation have  secured  for 
us  an  ever  increasing  bus- 
.  iness  among  those  desir- 
ing the  safest 
banking 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


'^he  New  England 

Tobacco  Grower 


Published  monthly  by 
Tobacco    Grower  Publishing    Co. 

S3   Trumbull  street, 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Building 

Hartford,      Connecticut. 


Subscription,   One  Dollar  a  Tear. 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy. 

Official  Journal  of  The  New  England 
Tobacco  Growers'  Association. 


PAUL     ACKER.LY,     Editor. 


CONTRIBUTING     EDITORS 

Elected  by  The  New  England  Tobacco 
Growers'  Association  : 
Connecticut. 
Luther  M.  Case,  Winsted. 
William  J.  Hayes,  Tariffville. 
Col.  E.  N.  Phelps,  Windsor. 
W.  E.  Burbank,  Thompsonville. 
Edward  W.  Dewey,  Granby. 
William  F.  Andross,  East  Hartford. 
Newell  St.  John,  Sinisbury. 
James  S.  Forbes,  Burnside. 
H.  O.  Warner,  New  Milford. 
A.  H.  Clark,  Poquonock. 
Ariel  Mitchelson,  Tariffville. 
H.  H.  Austin,  Suffield. 
P.  H.  Woodford,  Avon. 
George  Bidwell,  East  Granby. 
Allison  H.  Brown,  Poquonock. 
S.  P.  Newberry,  South  Windsor. 
L.  F.  Bronson,  East  Canaan. 
A.  C.  Sternberg,  West  Hartford. 
J.  H.  Pierce,  Enfield. 
M.  M.  Frisbie,  Southington. 
L.  A.  Lee,  Barkhamsted. 

A.  N.  Shepard.Gildersleeve. 
George  Mitchelson,   St.  Paul. 

MASSACHnSETTS. 

Thaddeus  Graves,  Hatfield. 
K.  A.  Pearden,  Westfield. 
H.  L.  Miller.  Southwick. 
Lemuel  Graves,  Whately. 
James  H.  Day,  Sunderland. 

B.  M.  Wainer,  Hatfield. 

C.  M.  Hubbard,  Sunderland. 
E.  Cyrus  Miller,  Haydenville. 

Vermont. 
H.  E.  Gassett,  Putney. 
Charles  Brown,   Westminster. 

New    Hampshire. 
G.  S.  Smith,  Hinsdale. 


Volume  V. 


Number  I. 


as  even^the  samples  of  force-sweat  to- 
bacco troru  growers'  packings  must  be 
immediately  submitted  to  obtain  repre- 
sentation. 

St.  Louis  in  some  respects  offers  a 
most  desirable  site  for  the  display  of 
wrapper  tobacco  raised  in  the  Connec- 
ticut and  Housatonic  Valleys.  It  is  a 
town  comparatively  near  to  the  to- 
bacco-producing states  of  a  great  part 
of  the  South,  and  it  is  well  to  show 
those  interested  in  growing  and  hand- 
ling the  coarser  kinds  of  tobacco  just 
what  New  England  is  doing  in  the 
way  of  producing  iine  wrapper  leaf. 
Again,  the  city  is  the  market  of  a 
wrapper-consuming  West  and  South- 
we.st  that  promises  to  develop  into  a 
still  heavier  customer  for  cigar  leaf. 


Jt    HOT    SUMMER 

'ipOBAOOO  growers  who  have  been 
*  experiencing  the  old-fashioned 
Winter,  full  of  cold  and  snowy  days, 
are  in  a  receptive  mood  as  soon  as  the 
prospect  of  a  hot,  old-fashioned  Sum- 
mer is  mentioned  for  1904.  No  one 
can  have  objection  to  the  coming  of  a 
warm  and  enthusiastic  growing  season, 
and  the  whole  tobacco  trade  will  have 
cordial  greeting  for  such  a  condition 
of  temperature. 

Hot  weather  will  likewise  be  accept- 
able to  all  the  commercial  lines,  to  the 
railroads  and  summer  resort  managers, 
and  to  the  great  New  England  public 
that  is  willing  to  take  things  as  they 
come,  and  yet  with  a  hankering  for 
hot  weather  to  talk  about,  just  as 
every  one  has  this  past  Winter  been 
hoasting  of  how  low  the  mercury 
journeyed  at  his  home. 


TRJtMSPLJtMTING 

■^XTHETHER  from  long  habit  or 
from  mere  inborn  mental  char- 
acteristic, the  tobacco  plant  has  come 
to  look  forward  to  being  transplanted, 
80  that  removal  of  the  plant  from  the 
seed-bed  to  the  field,  with  its  necessary 
disturbance  of  the  roots,  seems  to  be 
an  important  factor  in  promoting 
growth. 

The  transplanting  gives  the  plant  an 
introduction  to  a  new  life,  and  the 
change  of  location  is  a  superior  pro- 
moter of  growth  than  allowing  the 
plant  to  remain  where  it  sprang  from 
the  seed,  and  thinning  out  about  it. 


Entered  at  the  Hartford  Post-Office  as   Second 
Class  mail  matter. 


HARTFORD.   MARCH,    J904. 

JIT    THE    EXPOSITION 

A^  S  the  Louisiana  Purchase  Exposi- 
^  *■  tion  opens  in  a  few  weeks  at  St. 
Louis,  it  is  necessary  for  the  com- 
mittees in  charge  of  the  exhibits  to 
close  their  work  shortly  and  ship  the 
displays.  The  opportunity  for  New 
England  tobacco  growers  to  take  part 
in  this  exhibition  is  therefore  coming 
to  a  close,  and  it  is  to  be  hoped  that 
those  who  have  been  delayed  in  their 
plans  will   now   attend  to  the  matter 


EJtRLY    CURING 

TJLANTING  the  seed-beds  to  a  great 
*•  extent  determines  the  time  of 
transplanting,  so  that  the  grower  who 
plans  for  an  early  start  in  the  field 
must  sow  early  and  watch  carefully 
over  the  seed-beds. 

Aside  from  considerations  of  weather 
in  the  season  of  growth,  there  is  a 
trend  among  the  growers  toward  early 
jjlanting  for  the  purpose  of  getting  an 
early  season  for  the  shed-curing  of  the 
leaf.  Curing  being  a  prrfcess  of  fer- 
mentation, these  growers  believe  that 
it  is  worth  the  effort  necessary  to 
bring  much  of  the  curing  season  with- 
in the  time  of  warm  weather,  rather 
than  allow  it  to  run  along  into  the 
season  when  cold  may  be  expected. 


CRITICISES  PRESENT  METHOD 

To  The  New  England  Tobacco  Grower: 
Is  the  present  method  of  sorting  and 
sizing  tobacco  any  improvement  on  the 
old  fashioned  way  of  three  or  lour 
sorts?  Is  not  the  taking  away  of  the 
heavier  weight  or  darker  leaves  from 
the  lighter  weight  by  the  present 
system  of  using  the  sizing  box.  from 
14  to  38  inches,  and  then  casing  the 
different  grades  and  sizes  in  cases  by 
themselves  more  responsible  for  the 
goods  going  wrong  or  "gray,"  both  in 
the  forced  or  natural  sweat,  than  the 
crop  of  tobacco  itself 'i  In  other  words 
are  not  the  packers  asking  something 
from  the  tobacco  that  by  the  very 
nature  of  the  plant  is  contrary  to  its 
natural  law? 

It  is  all  right  and  proper  to  put 
goods  in  first-class  marketable  shape 
and  for  any  dealer  to  use  any  system 
that  will  bring  the  best  results,  but  the 
present  method  used  is  a  step  back- 
ward, and  directly  a  blow  at  the 
grower,  as  the  song  of  the  average 
buyer  is  ' '  We  cannot  say  how  it  will 
go  through  the  sweat,"  "No  heart  in 
it,"  "Bad  weathei  for  curing,"  "No 
sun  last  summer,"  and  a  dozen  or  more 
expressions  that  all  mean  one  thing.— 
low  price. 

It  is  a  law  that  has  been  more  than 
once  proven, — that  when  a  mutual 
feeling,  coupled  with  a  mutual  action 
is  lacking,  between  buyer  and  seller,  it 
is  fully  as  disastrous  for  one  as  the 
other,  and  certainly  it  is  "dog  eat  dog" 
between  buyer  and  seller  in  the  to- 
bacco business  today,  rather  than  any 
feeling  of  "brotherly  love"  for  each 
other's  success.  But  laying  sentiment 
aside,  is  there  any  good  reason  why 
this  year's  crop  of  tobacco  should  not 
be  sold  affair  figures  to  the  grower? 
With  no  surplus  stock  of  old  tobacco 
in  sight,  with  less  new  tobacco  on  hand, 
no  sweat,  and  a  lively  demand  for 
wrappers,  why,  brother  grower,  should 
you  get  scared  and  drop  your  crop  at 
prices  you  do  not  care  to  have  your 
neighbor  know  about '.'  K.   A.  D. 

East    Whately 

W.  P.  Crafts  has  sold  eight  acres  at 
\'A)i  cents  to  Meyer  &  Mendelsohn. 
Many  are  assorting  and  find  that  it 
assorts     out     well. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Ervading  tHe  Duty 

New  YorK  Evidence  on  MetKods  of  Disguising 
AVrapper  as  Filler. 


KSTIMONY  concerning  t  h  e 
different  methods  of  packing 
leaf  tobacco  for  shipment 
was  heard  recently  in  New 
York  by  General  Appraiser 
I.  F.  Fischer  as  the  principal  issue  in 
deciding  the  protest  of  Sutter  Bros., 
Inc.,  against  the  action  of  the  collector 
of  customs  in  classifying  certain  leaf 
tobacco  imported  by  them.  The  point 
of  dispute  was  whether  or  not  three 
consignments  of  tobacco  received  by 
that  firm  had  been  so  packed  as  to  dis- 
guise the  class  of  merchandise  it  was, 
and  in  doing  so  to  set  the  benefit  of  a 
lower  rate. 

The  tobacco  was  imported  in  three 
shipments,  averaging  one  hundred 
bales  each.  The  bales  arrived  in  New 
York  in  October  and  were  entered  for 
duty  as  filler  tobacco.  According  to 
the  collector  of  customs  an  investiga- 
tion proved  that  packed  in  such  a 
manner  as  to  deceive  the  authorities 
was  a  considerable  amount  of  very  fine 
wrapper  tobacco. 

Under  the  provisions  of  paragraph 


313  of  the  Tariff  Act  filler  tobacco  was 
then  assessable  at  thirty-five  cents  per 
pound,  while  under  the  provisions  of 
the  same  paragraph  wrapper  tobacco 
was  assessable  at  11.85  per  pound. 
The  fact  that  the  wrappers  were  con- 
sidered a  good  grade,  however,  had  no 
bearing  on  the  case  as  the  duty  is  uni- 
form for  all  grades. 

Under  the  statutes,  when  1.5  per 
cent,  or  over  of  a  bale  of  tobacco  con- 
.sists  of  wrapper  tobacco  the  whole  shall 
be  dutiable  as  such,  and  from  the  testi- 
mony offered  it  is  believed  that  over 
40  per  cent,  of  the  bales  contained  that 
amount.  It  was  also  admitted  by  a 
witness  for  the  protestants  that  the 
bales  would  probably  average  ninety 
pounds  each,  which  would  mean  a 
difference  of  over  $16,000  between  the 
duty  assessed  by  the  collector  and  the 
dut)-  claimed  by  the  importers. 

The  most  important  evidence  sub- 
mitted at  the  hearing  was  the  admis- 
sion by  witnesses  for  the  importers 
that  the  tobacco  had  been  packed  in  an 
irregular  manner. 

The  decision  was  reserved. 


To    Regulate    Tobacco     Prices 

Representative  Smith  Trimble  has 
introduced  the  following  bill  in  Con- 
gress: —Be  it  Enacted  by  the  Senate 
and  House  of  Representatives  of  the 
United  States  of  America  in  Congress 
assembled.  That  farmers  and  growers 
of  tobacco  shall  hereafter  have  the 
right  to  sell  tobacco  in  the  raw  or  un- 
adulterated, of  their  own  growth  in 
any  quantity,  either  in  the  leaf,  twist, 
or  such  other  form  as  they  may  wish, 
free  from  any  tax  or  charge,  or  being 
in  any  manner  subject  to  any  statutory 
regulation  on  the  part  of  the  govern- 
ment of  the  United  States.  All 
statutes  in  conflict  herewith  are  hereby 
repealed. 

Its  passage  will  prevent  the  arbi- 
trary fixing  of  the  price  of  raw  leaf, 
or  the  manufactured  product.  It  will 
be  an  equitable,  automatic  governor  of 
prices,  protecting  both  producer  and 
consumer. 

Westfield 

Peter  Prout  has  sold  his  1903  crop  in 
the  bundle  to  Hinsdale  Smith  &  Com- 
pany for  18  cents.  Will  Thayer  has 
finished  assorting  his  tobacco,  as  has 
also  Henry  Bosshart. 

Mr.  Mendelsohn  of  Meyer  &  Men- 
delsohn was  in  town  last  week  and 
called  on  several  growers,  but  made  no 
purchases. 

Have  heard  nothing  about   changing 
to  Broadleaf  from   the  Havana.     With 
a  good  season,  it  is  generally  considered 
that   the  latter   is  the  best   and    safe 
crop  in  this  section.  Hillside. 


The  St.  Louis  Exposition 

During  the  next  few  weeks  the 
committees  in  charge  of  the  state 
tobacco  displays  at  St.  Louis  will  have 
to  complete  the  preparation  of  the 
samples  of  tobacco  for  the  Louisiana 
Purchase  Exposition,  and  the  growers 
who  have  not  contributed  should  fur- 
nish force-sweat  samples  by  the  middle 
of  March. 

The  St.  Louis  fair,  as  has  been 
pointed  out,  will  be  particularly  help- 
ful for  the  cigar  leaf  industry,  and  a 
good  display  from  New  England  is 
worth  the  trouble  which  it  takes  to 
make  it.  Cooperation  with  the  state 
committees, — prompt  and  systematic, 
■ — is  called  for  at  this  time. 

East    Deerfield 

Tobacco  is  about  all  down;  buyers 
are  looking  about.  One  grower  re- 
cently sold  at  11 3^  cents  in  the  bundle. 

Sandy    Hook,     Connecticut 

The  American  Tobacco  Company 
has  recently  purchased  four  car  loads 
of  tobacco,  paying  from  three  to 
twelve  cents  in  the  bundle. 

Theodore  Bishop  has  sold  his  crop  of 
1903  tobacco  for  fifteen  cents. 

There  are  a  few  crops  of  old  tobacco 
in  town. 

Growers  here  follow  the  plan  of 
selecting  seed  each  year  from  the  best 
plants. 

The  outlook  for  labor  in  this  section 
is  not  very  bright.  Immigrants  take 
readily  to  the  work  and  are  employed 
hereabouts. 

A  method  adopted  here  is,  after  top- 


ping to  let  the  two  top  suckerings 
grow,  as  the  plants  will  not  throw  out 
suckers  below.  A  week  before  cutting 
the  crop,  cut  the  suckers  clean. 

Manure  is  used  to  a  great  extent, 
together  with  about  $15  worth  of 
fertilizer  to  the  acre. 

Glastonbury 

H.  E.  Loomis  has  sold  his  tobacco  to 
Wildman  of  New  Milford  at  24  and  25 
cents  assorted.     He  is  now  assorting. 

Southwick 

Ernest  HoUister  and  Stephen  Nash 
have  sold  their  tobacco  to  the  Ameri- 
can Tobacco  Company.  The  price  is 
reported  to  be  10  3^  cents. 

Farmers  in  this  vicinity  expend 
about  $50  per  acre  for  fertilizers  and 
manure. 

As  a  rule  I  carry  over  the  seed  from 
a  particularly  good  crop  for  the  next 
season's  planting. 

The  outlook  for  labor  the  coming 
season  is  good. 

I  do  not  think  there  will  be  much 
increase  in  the  acreage,  but  it  is  early 
yet  to  decide  this  matter. 

L.  A.  Fowler 

Cigars    Not    a    Bribe 

In  a  case  brought  at  Haverhill, 
Mass.,  to  declare  the  election  of  Mayor 
Wood  void  because  during  his  canvass 
for  the  ofBce  he  treated  to  cigars,  and 
was,  therefore,  guilty  of  bribery  with- 
in the  meaning  of  the  law,  the  grand 
jury  of  that  city  has  found  that  there 
is  no  cause  for  action. 


New  England  Tobacco 
Growers'    Association. 

President 
EDMUND  HJILLJIDMY,  Suffield,  Conn. 

Vice-President 

THJtDDEUS  GRJtVES,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer 

PMVL  MCKERLT,  RockviUe,  Conn. 

Office 
SS    Trumbull    Street,    Hartford,    Conn. 


Directors. 

Wm.  F.  Andross,  South  Windsor,  Conn. 
Joseph  H.  Pierce,  Enfield,  Conn. 
M.  W.  Frisbie,   Southington,  Conn. 
William  S.  Pinney,  Suffield,  Conn. 
H.  W.  Alford,   Poquonock,  Conn. 
Colonel  E.  N.  Phelps,    Windsor,  Conn. 

B.  M.  Warner,    Hatfield,   Mass. 
F.  K.  Porter,  Hatfield,  Mass. 
Albert  Hurd,  North  Hadley,  Mass. 
J.  C.  Carl,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Hubbard,  Sunderland,  Mass. 
W.  H.  Porter,   Agawam,   Mass. 
Lyman  A.  Crafts,  East  Whately,  Mass. 
James  S   Forbes,  Buinside,  Conn. 
George  O.  Eno,   Simsbury,  Conn. 

W.  E.  Burbank,  Suffield,  Conn. 
E.  O.  Hills,  Southwick,  Mass. 
James  Morgan,   Hartford,  Conn. 
H.  Austin,  Suffield,   Conn. 
Charles  H.  Ashley,  Deerfield,  Mass. 
H.  S.  Frye,  Poquonock,  Conn. 


10 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Connecticut  WareHouses 

TKe  State  La^v  Governing  Storage  of  Goods 
and   Sale   of  Same 


HE  public  warehouse  law  of 
the  State  of  Connecticut  is  as 
follows:  Chapter  294. —Es- 
tablishment; Receipts;--Any 
person  may  establish  and 
maintain  a  public  warehouse,  and 
may  receive  on  storage  into  the  same 
any  goods,  wares,  merchandise,  pro- 
visions, or  other  commodity,  and  shall 
isSue  to  the  person  from  whom  he  re- 
ceives the  same,  warehouse  receipts 
therefor;  and  he  may  issue  warehouse 
receipts  for  any  of  his  own  property 
which  is  deposited  in  such  warehouse; 
but  no  person  shall  issue  any  receipt 
for  any  such  property  so  received  by 
him  on  storage,  or  deposited  by  him 
in  such  warehouse,  unless  he  shall  have 
displayed  and  shall  maintain  in  a  con- 
spicuous manner,  on  the  front  of  the 
building  where  such  goods  or  other 
commodities  are  stored,  the  words 
"Public  Warehouse." 

Receipt  to  Issue  Only  For  Goods  Re- 
ceived:— No  warehouseman  or  other 
person  shall  issue  any  receipt,  accept- 
ance of  an  order,  or  other  voucher,  for 
or  upon  any  such  property,  to  himself 
or  to  any  other  person  purporting  to 
be  the  owner  thereof,  or  entitled  or 
claiming  the  right  to  receive  the  same, 
unless  such  property  shall  have  been 
actually  received  into  his  warehouse 
and  shall  be  under  his  control  at  the 
time  of  issuing  such  receipt,  accept- 
ance or  voucher. 

Receipt  as  Security  for  Loan: — No 
warehouseman  or  other  person  shall 
issue  any  receipt  or  other  voucher  up- 
on any  .such  property  to  any  person  as 
security  or  any  money  loaned  or  other 
indebtedness,  unless  such  property 
shall,  at  the  time  of  issuing  such  re- 
ceipt or  other  voucher,  be  in  the  cus- 
tody of  such  warehouseman  or  other 
person,  and  in  his  warehouse. 

Duplicates  To  Be  Marked:-  No 
warehouseman  or  other  person  shall 
issue  any  second  or  duplicate  receipt, 
acceptance,  or  other  voucher,  for  or  up- 
on any  such  property  while  any  former 
receipt,  acceptance,  or  voucher,  for  or 
upon  any  such  property,  or  any  part 
thereof,  shall  be  outstanding  and  un- 
canceled, without  writing  or  printing 
in  red  ink  across  the  face  of  the  same 
the  word  "Duplicate." 

Goods  Receipted  For  Not  To  Be 
Sold: — No  warehouseman  or  other  per- 
son shall  sell,  or  incumber,  conceal, 
ship,  truster,  or  in  any  manner  remove 
beyond  his  immediate  control,  any  such 
property  for  which  a  receipt  shall  have 
been  given  by  him  as  aforesaid,  with- 
out the  written  order  or  assent  of  the 
perion  holding  such  receipt. 

Receipts  Negotiable: — Warehouse  re- 
ceipts given  for  any  such  property 
stored  or  deposited  with  any  ware- 
houseman may  be  transferred  by  in- 
dorsement  thereof,  and   any   person  to 


whom  the  same  may  be  so  transferred 
shall  be  deemed  to  be  the  owner  of  the 
property  therein  specified,  so  far  as  to 
give  validity  to  any  pledge,  lien,  or 
transfer,  made  or  created  by  any  such 
person ;  but  no  property  shall  he  de- 
livered except  on  surrender  and  cancel- 
lation of  the  original  receipt,  or  the 
indorsement  of  such  delivery  thereon 
in  case  of  partial  delivery.  All  ware- 
house receipts,  however,  which  shall 
have  the  words  "not  negotiable" 
plainly  written  or  stamped  on  the  face 
thereof  shall  be  exempt  from  the  pro- 
visions of  this  section. 

Property  May  Be  Removed  By 
Process  of  Law: — So  much  of  .sections 
4938  and  4924  as  foroids  the  delivery 
of  propert}'  except  on  surrender  and 
cancellation  of  the  original  receipt,  or 
the  indorsement  of  such  delivery  there- 
on, in  case  of  partial  aelivery,  shall  not 
apply  to  property  replevied  or  removed 
by  operation  of  law. 

Civil  and  Criminal  Liability:  — 
Every  warehouseman  or  other  person 
who  .shall  wilfully  violate  any  provision 
of  this  chapter  shall  be  fined  not  more 
than  one  thousand  dollars,  or  im- 
prisoned not  more  than  three  years,  or 
both;  and  any  person  aggrieved  by  the 
violation  of  any  such  provision  may 
maintain  an  action  against  any  person 
violating  any  of  said  provisions,  to  re- 
cover all  damages,  immediate  or  con- 
sequential, which  he  may  have  sus- 
tained by  reason  of  any  such  violation, 
whether  such  person  shall  have  been 
convicted  of  such  violation  or  not. 

Warehouseman's  Lien;  Sale: — Every 
public  warehouseman,  or  other  person 
engaged  in  the  warehouse  or  storage 
business  or  who  shall  have  stored  goods 
of  another,  who  shall  have  in  his  pos- 
session any  such  property  by  virtue  of 
an  agreement  for  the  storage  thereof 
with  the  owner  of  such  property  or 
person  having  a  legal  right  to  store  the 
same,  shall  have  a  lien  for  the  agreed 
storage  charges  on  such  property,  or, 
where  no  charges  have  been  agreed  on, 
for  the  reasonable  storage  charges 
thereon,  and.  when  there  shall  be  due 
and  unpaid  six  months'  storage  charges 
thereon,  may  sell  such  property  at 
public  auction  as  hereinafter  directed; 
but  such  sale  shall  not  conflict  with 
the  provisions  of  the  warehouse  receipt 
or  otlier  written  agreement  under 
which  such  goods  were  stored. 

Notice  of  Sale:— A  written  or  prin- 
ted notice  of  such  auction  sale,  stating 
the  time  and  place  of  sale  with  a  de- 
scription of  the  articles  to  be  sold,  shall 
be  sent,  at  least  thirty  days  before  such 
auction  sale,  by  registered  letter,  ad- 
dressed to  the  person  who  left  such 
property  for  storage,  at  his  last  known 
place  of  residence,  or,  in  case  the  ware- 
houseman or  storer  of  such  property 
has   notice    from  the  person    who   left 


such  property  for  storage  of  a  change 
in  the  title  or  right  of  possession  there- 
of, to  the  owner  or  person  represented 
to  be  entitled  to  receive  the  same  on 
payment  of  the  storage  charges,  at  his 
last  known  place  of  residence. 

Additional  Notice: — The  post-ofiBce 
registry  receipt  for  such  notice,  signed 
by  the  person  who  left  such  property 
for  storage,  or  in  case  of  transfer  of 
title,  by  the  owner  or  person  entitled 
to  receive  such  property  on  payment  of 
storage  charges,  shall  be  sufficient  evi- 
dence of  the  giving  of  legal  notice  of 
.such  sale,  and  when  such  receipt  so 
signed  is  returned  to  the  sender,  such 
sale  may  proceed  according  to  such 
notice.     If   such    receipt   so  signed    be 


The  Dandy  Windmill  tanks  and 
towers  are  the  best  in  the  world.  We 
carry  a  full  line  of  these  mills,  pumps 
and  tanks  at  Springfield,  and  are  in 
position  to  put  up  a  complete  outfit  of 
any  size.  If  you  are  tliinking  of  buy- 
ing a  windmill,  be  sure  to  write  to  us 
for  catalogues,  prices  and  full  infor- 
nnation. 

We  are  sole  agents  for  the  State 
of  Connecticut  for  the  Challenge  line 

THE  AGRICULTURAL  STORE, 

(b.  l.  bragg  co.', 
Springfield     -      -      Massachusetts 


APPARATUS  Of  all  kinds, 

of  large  or  small  capacity, 
Mounted  &  Portable  Outfits. 

Send  for  special  Catalogue. 


HAND 
STEAM 
OR 
POWER 


PUMPS 


For  Fac- 
tories or 
Private 
Use. 


FAIRBANKS-MORSE 

Gasoline  Engines 

from  1\  to  7.'.  Horse  Power  lor  all  services. 

Special  Pumping  Enginesm 

PULLEYS,  SHAFTING  AND  BELTING 

for  ri>\ver  Kiiuiiniu'iit  <if  F.-iftoriei!  .'111(1  Mills. 

WINDMILLS,  TANKS 

AND  TOWERS, 

Pipe,  Fittings  and  Hose. 

In  writing  for  r.it:il.>gue  please  specify  which 
one  you  want. 
We  make  a  specialty  of  AVater  Supply  Out- 
fits for  Country  Estates. 


CHARLES  J.  JAGER  COMPANY 

174  HICH  ST.,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


U 


E,ssex  ^Special  Tobacco 
Manure 


and 

Tobacco 

Starter 


LTHOUGH  the  prices  of  chemicals  have  ad- 
vanced very  much  during  the  past  season,  we 
guarantee  to  keep  the  analyses  of  all  the  high- 
grade  Essex  Specials  fully  up  to  the  high  stand- 
ard of  preceding  years. CThe  Growers  that  use  our  to- 
bacco goods  are  among  the  most  successful  raisers  in 
the  Valley,  getting  good  weight  and  a  large  percentage 
of  light  goods  in  all  seasOnS.  CBuy  our  Tobacco 
Starter  for  your  seed-beds,  your  plants  will  be  from  ten 
days  to  two  weeks  earlier  than  those  grown  on  any  other 
formula.CSend  for  our  1904  Catalogue. 


RUvSvSiA  ceme:nt  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS      £/    js/    j»     £/    ^f    ^ 

GLOUCESTER.  ^MASS. 


E.    B.  KIBBC,    General  Agent,   Box   752,  Hartford,  Conn. 


not  returned  to  the  sender,  additional 
notice  of  such  sale  shall  be  given  by 
posting  sucn  notice  on  the  public  sign- 
post nearest  the  place  where  such  sale 
is  to  take  place,  and  by  publishing  a 
notice  in  some  newspaper  having  a 
circulation  in  the  town  where  such  sale 
is  to  take  place,  once  a  week  for  three 
weeks  successively  before  the  time 
fixed  for  such  sale.  Such  notice  shall 
state  the  time  and  place  of  sale,  and 
contain  a  description  of  the  articles  to 
be  sold  and  the  names  of  the  person 
proposing  to  sell  the  same  and  of  the 
person  who  left  the  same  for  storage, 
and  also,  if  the  person  propo.sing  to  sell 
the  same  has  notice  of  a  change  of  title 
or  light  of  possession,  of  the  owner  or 
person  represented  to  be  entitled  to  re- 
ceive the  same  on  payment  of  storage 
charges. 

Disposition  of  Proceeds  of  Sale:  — 
The  proceeds  of  such  sale,  after  deduct- 
ing the  storage  charges  and  all  expenses 
connected  with  such  sale,  which  ex- 
penses shall  also  be  a  lien  on  the  pro- 
ceeds of  such  sale,  shall  be  paid  to  the 
owners  of  the  property  if  called  for  or 
claimed  by  them  at  any  time  within 
one  year  from  the  date  of  such  sale; 
and  if  such  balance  is  not  claimed  or 
called  for  by  the  owner  within  said 
period  of  one  year,  then  such  balance 
shall  escheat  to  the  state. 

Hockanum 

John  Geiselman,  Sr. ,  has  sold  his 
1903  crop  to  Mr.  Beethoven  of  New 
York,  price  not  stated. 


Plant    Tobacco 

Advice    of    a    Minister    to    the     Farmers     of 
tHe     South 


TIMMONSVILLE,  South 
C'arolina,  minister  admonishes 
the  farmers  ot  his  section  to 
plant    tobacco.  He     says: 

"Plant  tobacco,  is  the  ad- 
vice I  would  give  to  the  farmers  of 
this  country  after  thinking,  as  best  I 
can,  of  the  condition  of  things  in  the 
world  at  present. 

"It  is  bringing  a  good  price  now, 
and  the  'trust'  is  paying  that  good 
price.  It  will  bring  a  good  price  next 
summer  and  fall  if  you  do  not  glut  the 
market  as  you  did  this  past  season. 
The  'trust'  did  just  what  every  man 
does ;  namely,  get  goods  for  as  little  as 
you  can,  and  if  you  cannot  get  them  at 
your  price,  you  will  pay  his  price. 

"It  is  not  true  that  the  price  of  to- 
bacco is  high  now  because  the  'trust' 
wants  to  'bate  the  farmer.'  It  is  high 
now  because  it  is  scarce  and  they  need 
it.  It  is  going  to  be  high  this  year  for 
the  same  reasons.  And  another  reason 
in  addition ;  namely,  the  tobacco  crop' 
will  be  cut  short  in  every  place  where 
cotton  can  be  grown.  Cotton  will  also 
be  planted  where  it  never  grew  before, 
both  in  this  and  foreign  countries. 
Let  us  now  consider  the  Texas  boll 
weevil;  for    this  has   had  much    to  do 


with  the  price  of  cotton. 

"First,  suppose  the  government  suc- 
ceeds in  destroying  this  insect.  Then 
this  fact  with  an  increase  of  acreage 
will  reduce  the  price  of  cotton  materi- 
ally. But  suppose  the  insect  is  not 
killed,  what  guarantee  have  you  that 
this  insect  will  not  destroy  your  crop'< 
If  it  does  what  have  you  left  when  you 
neglect  tobacco? 

"In  farming,  never  be  an  extremist. 
No  wise  man  will  put  all  of  his  eggs 
in  one  basket. 

"The  safe  thing  to  do  is  to  plant 
whatever  God  lias  made  your  land 
capable  of  producing.  In  this  country 
plant  provisions  in  abundance,  as  much 
cotton  as  you  can  gather  and  as  much 
tobacco  as  you  can  handle,  and  in  the 
end  you  will  be  better  oflf.  Go  to 
work  at  once  and  prepare  to  plant 
some  tobacco.  I  believe,  taking  the 
laws  of  trade  and  war  conditions,  etc., 
into  consideration,  you  will  do  the 
wise  thing.  I  know,  practically,  very 
little  of  farming,  owing  to  the  fact 
that  my  business  is  that  of  a  preacher; 
but  I  am  familiar  with  the  laws  of 
'Political  Economj-.'  Hence,  I  give 
this  advice  without  suggestion  or  re- 
muneration for  my  time  and  writing." 


(2 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco     in    Ireland 

Possibility     of     Grovirir»B     tKe      Leaf     in     tHe 
Emerald     Isle 


EFFORTS  are  being  made  to  intro- 
duce on  a  large  scale  the  culture 
of  tobacco  in  Ireland.  That  the  leaf 
will  grow  vigorously  in  Ireland  is  self- 
evident  to  all  knowing  the  facts.  Be- 
tween 1830  and  1«40  it  was  grown  in 
County  Wexford  and  other  districts, 
and  brought  as  high  as  .1P300  an  acre, 
the  average  return  being  |105  an  acre. 
Theoretically,  tobacco  culture  in  Ire- 
land is  perfectly  feasible.  But  is  it 
practical? 

The  island  is  notable  for  its  heavy 
rainfall,  high  humidity  and  heavy 
dews.  These  are  conducive  to  vege- 
table growth,  tobacco  included,  but 
they  are  ruinous  to  flavor,  aroma  and 
burning  quality.  The  distribution  cf 
moisture  is  uneven,  so  that  there  are 
probably  districts  where  the  supply  is 
adapted  to  the  culture.  Here  it  will 
be  easy  to  raise  a  good  type  of  leaf. 

The  Irish  climate  is  not  suitable  for 
curing,  on  account  of  the  moisture. 
This,  however,  can  be  remedied  by 
artificial  methods,  using  dry  steam, 
hot  air,  or  low-temperature  kiln  and 
smoke   houses.     None  of  these   appli- 


ances gives  as  good  a  result  as  natural 
curing,  while  some  impart  a  special 
and  unnatural  flavor  to  the  leaf. 
Nevertheless,  the  tobacco  thus  pre- 
pared would,  if  cheap  enough,  find  a 
market  at  home  and  possibly  abroad. 

To  put  it  on  the  market  is  to  compete 
with  those  already  in  use.  The  Irish 
leaders,  who  have  studied  the  question 
carefully,  admit  that  it  is  impossible 
for  Ireland  to  compete  on  even  terms, 
and  desire  the  government  to  reduce 
the  duty  on  home-grown  leaf  to  a  point 
where  it  will  mean  a  jn'ofit  to  the 
home  grower.  At  the  present  value  of 
farm  lands,  labor  and  interest,  and 
with  a  liberal  allowance  for  drying, 
curing  and  packing,  it  is  believed  that 
the  Irish  leaf  can  be  grown  at  twelve 
cents  a  pound.  A  reduction  of  duty 
of  fifteen  cents  a  pound  would,  there- 
fore, allow  a  grower  a  profit  of  three 
cents  per  poimd.  This  presupposes 
that  Irish  leaf  will  sell  on  equal  terms 
with  American.  If  it  sells  for  less, 
the  government  must  give  a  large  re- 
duction in  duty.  If  the  Irish  leaf  sells 
at  five  cents  a  pound  less,  the  reduc- 
tion will  have  to  be  twenty  per  cent. 


Tobacco    Stemming    Machine 

The  National  Tobacco  Stemming 
Machine  is  of  recent  invention  and  has 
been  tried  in  Kentucky.  The  principle 
of  the  machine  in  stemming  is  about 
the  same  as  by  hand.  There  are  two 
endless  conveyors,  made  of  sheet  iron, 
independent  of  each  other,  having  con- 
caves into  which  the  feeders  drop  each 
leaf  of  tobacco,  with  the  butt  flush  up 
to  a  guide,  which  insures  the  giipper 
taking  hold  of  the  butt  without  fail, 
ready  for  stripping.  The  device  for 
stripping  is.  two  circular  knives,  12 
inches  in  diameter,  running  in  opposite 
directions,  the  leaf  dropping  from  the 
conveyor  between  the  knives  with 
enough  of  the  butt  of  the  leaf  outside 
of  the  knives  for  the  grippers  to  take 
hold  and  pull  it  from  between  them  to 
ao  the  stripping.  There  are  two  grip- 
pers, which  work  automatically,  each 
making  eighty-five  strokes  a  minute, 
and  they  never  fail  to  grip  the  stem  if 
the  leaf  has  been  properly  put  into  the 
conveyor. 

It  is  claimed  that  tobacco  can  be 
stemmed  much  drier  than  by  Land, 
and  is  ready  for  immediate  manufac- 
ture, or  can  be  packed  up  and  stored 
for  any  length  of  time. 

The  machine  takes  out  the  stem  any 
desired  length  —  half,  three-quarters, 
or  all.  The  stems  themselves  are 
cleaner  than  hand  work.  The  machine 
will  stem  every  known  kind  of  tobacco 
grown  in  any  part  o£  the  world. 

The  tobacco  to  be  stemmed  can  be 
cased  by  water,  steam,  or  a  preparation 
in    liquid    form    for  flavoring    the   to- 


bacco. All  that  is  necessary  to  insure 
the  best  results  from  the  machine  is  to 
case  the  tobacco  uniformaly  as  is  pos- 
sible. 

WANT  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


Advertisements  under  this  head  cost  one 
cent  a  word  each  time;  no  advertisement  taken 
for  less  than  twenty  cents;  cash  or  stamps 
must  accompany  orders,  which  should  be  re- 
ceived by  the  25th  of  the  month. 


WANTED -Ten  different  tobacco  growers 
to  use  my  hard  wood  ashes  and  write  the  re- 
sults in  this  journal.  Ashes  at  wholesale 
prices  to  the  first  ten.  George  Stevens,  Peter- 
boro,  Ont.,  Canada. 


WANTED— About  12  second-hand  window 
sash;  also  window  frames;  will  also  buy  second- 
hand matched  stuff  and  flooring  boards.  Wil- 
liams, care  The  New  England  Tobacco  Grower 
Hartford. 


JENKINS    &   BARKER, 

Saccessors  to  Col.  Cbarles  L.  Bnrdett. 

Patent  and  Trade  Mark  Causes. 
Solicitors  of  United  States  and  Foreign  Pat 
ents.  Designs  and  Trade  Marks. 

FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING, 
50  State  Street,      -     Hartford,  Connecticut. 


PATENTS    OBTAINED 


For  information  write  to 

Ralph  Sturtevant  Warfield, 

SCO  H  St.,  N.'.IV..  Waihington,  D.  C. 


Shade-Grown  Sumatra 
and  Shade-Grown 
Cuban  Wrappers 

FOR.  .SALE  IN  QDANTITlEi 
Ai  DE,ilR.tD 

Write  for  Samples  and  Prices 

FOSTER 

Drawer  42.       Hartford,  Conn. 


THE    USE    OF    AN 


Underwood 


Typewriter 


will  increase  your  business. 

Rent    one    for    a    month    and 
watch  the  result. 


Underwood 
Typewriter 
Company, 

755-75  r  Main  Street, 
HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT. 


STUDIO 

1309    MAIN    ST..     HAR-TFOR-D 

l^eaain^  Artist  ii»  PKoto^rapKy 
and  General  Portraiture. 

Our  photographs  are  not  "shade"  grown  but 
are  made  with  the  clearness  and  exact  likeness 
that  win  for  us  permanent  customers.  We  are 
after  your  photographic  trade.  Studio,  I030 
Main  St.,  Opposite  Morgan  St. 


HEADQUJtRTERS  FOR 

TOeUGGO  l|iSDtll|l6E 

F.  F.  SMALL  &  CO., 

gs  Pearl  St.,  HJiRTFORD,  COMM. 
,4  Fort  St.,  SPRIfiGFtELD,  MJtSS. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


13 


George  Storm's  Death 

George  L.  Storm,  a  wealthy  tobacco 
dealer  and  president  of  the  Owl  Com- 
mercial Oompany,  the  large  and  suc- 
cessful shade-growing  concern  at 
Quincy,  Florida,  killed  himself  in  New 
York  recently  because,  it  was  believed, 
he  feared  the  result  of  an  operation  for 
appendicitis.  He  shot  himself  as  he 
sat  at  his  desk.  Peter  Miller,  an  asso- 
ciate in  business,  said  that  Storm  was 
informed  by  his  physician  that  it 
would  be  necessary  to  perform  an  oper- 
ation for  appendicitis,  but  an  autopsy 
showed  no  indication  of  appendicitis. 

Mr.  Miller  attributes  Storm's  act  to 
worriment  over  his  illness.  Mr.  Storm 
was  a  member  of  the  Lotus  Club,  of 
the  Metropolitan  Museum  of  Art  and 
of  the  American  Museum  of  Natural 
History.  He  was  a  director  of  the 
German  Exchange  Bank.  He  was  63 
years  old.  His  only  son,  Harry  F. 
Storm,  died  in  Manheim.  Germany, 
about  two  years  ago.  He  has  two 
nephews,  George  L.  Storm,  of  the  firm 
of  Straiton  &  Storm,  and  Charles  H. 
Storm,  formerly  president  of  the  Bert 
&  Russell  Co.,  and  later  of  the  Khedi- 
vial  Cigarette  Company. 

Fifteen     Years    Old 

Rabbi  Stucky,  of  Boone  county, 
Kentucky,  recently  sold  60,000  pounds 
of  tobacco,  which  is  the  accumulation 
of  his  crops  for  the  past  fifteen  years. 
Heretofore  he  has  refused  to  sell  his 
tobacco,  and  has  been  holding  it  for 
higher  prices. 

Tobacco    Receipts     for     Pension 
Fund 

The  Federal  Labor  Party  of  Aus- 
tralia, one  of  the  strong  parties  of  that 
country,  and  which  holds  the  balance 
of  power  between  the  two  great 
parties,  has  announced  a  forecast  of 
its  future  policy.  One  of  the  purposes 
of  the  party  is  to  induce  the  govern- 
ment to  take  over  the  tobacco  industry, 
and  from  the  profits  realized  to  obtain 
the  nucleus  of  an  old-age  pension  fund, 
which  would  expand  automatically  as 
the  consumption  increased. 


STHBLE  PIWBE 

IN   CAR.    OR. 
CARGO  LOTvS 

Prompt  Delivery 

Lowest  Prices 

^.  M,  Goodrich 


HARTFORD  AND  NEW  YORK 
TRANSPORTATION  COMPANY 

HARTFORD 
CONNECTICUT 


Baker's  Traceless  Harness 


Tliis  haruca.s  is  particularly  valuable  to  tobacco  (jrow- 
ers,  both  in  the  cultivation  of  open  and  cloth  covered 
fields.  Owing  to  the  absence  of  whiffletrees  and  tractts. 
closer  work  can  be  done  with  learns  everywhere.  It  is  the 
farmer's"Haady  Harness,"  saves  labor,'and  makes  farm 
work  easier.  Invaluable  to  every  fruit  g-rower,  orchard- 
ist   and    lumberman.     Endorsed"  by    users    everywhere. 

Write  to-day  for  free  catalofrue. 
B.  F.  BAKER  CO.,     234  Main  St.,  Burnt  Hills,  N.  V. 


ACME 


SIZES 

3  to  13>4  feet 

Agents 
Wanted.     / 


Pulveriiing  Harrow 

Clod  Crusher  and  Leveler. 

best  pulverizer — cheapest  Riding  Harrow 

rth.       We  also  make  walking  ACMES. 

Acme    crushes,    cuts,    pulverizes,  turns 

levels  all  soils  for  all   purposes.     Made 

,S^»  entirely    of    cast    steel     and 

wrought  iron — itvdeslructible. 


Sent  on  Trial 

To  be  returned  at  my  ex- 
pense if  not  satisfartory. 
Catalogue  and  Booklet, 
"An  lde»l  Hsrrow" 
by  Henry  Stewart, 
mailed  free. 
I  fleliver  f  o  b  at  New  York,  Cnicato,  Colombiu,  LodIstIII«,  Kansas  Cily,  Minneapolis.  Sin  Francisco,  Portland.etc. 

DUANE  H.  NASH,  Sole  nanufacturep.  Millington,  New  Jerseya 

Branch  Houses:   1  I  0  Waslilnglon  St.,  ChlcaQO.   240  7th  Ave.  So.,  Minneapotls.     i:,ia  W.  8th  St.,  Kansaa  City. 
PI^IS.\SE  MKNTION   i'UlS  PAPER. 


Canadian     Growers 

Canadian  grown  tobacco  may  yet 
tind  a  market  in  England.  To  this 
end,  samples  are  being  forwarded  to 
the  Canadian  commercial  agent  at 
Manchester  through  the  Canadian  De- 
partment of  Agriculture. 


I.  GoldsmitK  (Q.  Co., 

TOBACCO 
BROKERS 

208  Sheldon  Street,   Hartford,  Conn. 


4  lbs. 


Made  hy 


CHlCfilGO 


Use 


Swiffs 

Washing 
Powder 


-raU' 


CLOTHINS 


P..'.:fr>'! 


Swift's  Washing  Powder  is  the  Tidy  Housewife's  best  friend. 
Try  a  package  and  see  for  yourself. 

SWIFT    PROVISION     COMPANY, 


19    JOHN    STREET, 


BOSTON,    MASS, 


J4 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco    vSeed    vSelection 

By     A.     D.     SKamel,     \J.     S.     Department     of     Agri- 
culture,   >Vashing'ton,     D.     C. 


{Concluded  from  February  Xliwber) 


One  of  the  principal  reasons  for  the 
use  of  home  grown  seed,  instead  of 
depending  upon  seed  grown  in  other- 
regions,  is  that  the  quality  of  the  im- 
ported seed  is  always  a  matter  of  un- 
certainty. In  many  cases  it  is  claimed 
that  growers  kill  the  seed  before  send- 
ing it  out  of  the  country.  The  kind  of 
plants  which  tlie  seed  will  produce 
cannot  be  foretold  by  an  examination 
of  the  seed,  but  must  be  learned  by 
experience  from  the  crop.  In  some 
cases  whole  crops  have  been  lost  be- 
cause of  poor  imported  seed.  There- 
fore it  is  necessaiy  to  have  seed  for  the 
general  crop  the  pedigree  of  which  is 
known  by  the  growers.  The  experi- 
ence of  the  breeders  of  other  crops 
show  that  the  best  plan  is  to  select  the 
seed  in  the  region  where  the  crop  is 
grown  and  if  possible  it  would  be 
desirable  for  every  grower  to  select 
and  improve  his  seed  on  his  own  farm. 

It  seems  probable  that  one  of  the 
chief  difficulties  in  the  growing  of  Su- 
matra and  Cuban  varieties  in  the  Con- 
necticut Valley,  has  been  that  it  has 
been  necessary  to  use  imported  seed 
for  planting  the  entire  crop.  While  a 
considerable  proportion  of  highly  de- 
sirable plants  have  been  produced  in 
most  fields,  the  effect  of  the  change  of 
conditions  from  the  tropics  to  Connec- 
ticut, was  to  break  the  type  and  cause 
the  production  of  a  large  proportion  of 
undesirable  and  unprofitable  plants. 
This  is  M  hat  we  would  naturally  ex- 
pect to  happen  fi'om  the  previous  ex- 
perience of  growers  in  other  states 
with  similar  and  other  varieties  of  to- 
bacco. A  most  careful  and  painstak- 
ing examination  of  representative 
fields  last  season,  showed  that  the 
breaking  up  into  types,  the  appear- 
ances of  reversions  and  strikingly 
variable  plants,  and  the  development 
of  great  individual  variation,  did  occur. 
Id  other  words  the  industry  developed 
before  acclimated  strains  of  tobacco 
had  been  secured.  There  is  every  rea- 
son to  believe  that  by  the  proper 
methods  of  breeding  and  selection  in 
the  types  now  growing  in  Connecticut, 
during  the  adaptation  of  the  plants  to 
climatic  and  soil  conditions  uniform 
varieties  can  be  secured  and  retained 
of  the  Connecticut  type. 

The  selection  of  seed  plants  should 
be  based  upon  the  study  of  the  points 
which  go  to  make  a  desirable  plant. 
It  should  include  the  number  of  leaves 
on  the  plant,  shape  of  leaves,  color  of 
leaves,  thickness  and  quality  of  leaves, 
the  time  of  maturity,  type  of  plant, 
and  freedom  from  disease.  The  seed 
should  be  protected  from  cross  fertili- 
zation by  inclosing  the  head  with  a 
bag  to  prevent  insects  or  other  agencies 
from  fertilizing  the  flower  with  pollen 
from   other     plants.      Our   experience 


shows  that  tobacco  is  perfectly  self- 
fertile.  It  is  also  easily  cross-fertil- 
ized, and  it  is  probfble  that  many  of 
the  flowers  are  crossed  bj'  insects  of 
other  agencies.  From  all  the  evidence 
available,  crossing  between  plants  of 
the  same  variety  is  undesirable.  The 
crossed  seed  produces  inferior  plants  of 
the  self-fertilized.    , 

On  the  other  hand,  crosses  between 
plants  of  different  varieties  is  bene- 
ficial, producing  more  viecrous  and 
valuable  plants  than  the  parent  plants. 
As  a  rule  cross-fertilization  between 
individual  plants  in  most  crops  results 
in  increased  size  and  vigor  of  growth. 
This  is  especially  true  of  corn  and  like 
crops  which  are  naturally  cross-fertil- 
ized to  a  greater  or  less  extent.  In  ex- 
periments where  such  crops  have  been 
artificially  self-fertilized  for  a  con- 
tinuous period  of  years,  the  vitality 
and  productive  power  of  the  plants 
have  been  greatly  decreased.  The  to- 
bacco crop  is  normally  self-fertilized 
and  has  probably  become  adajited  to 
this  method  of  fertilization.  There- 
fore when  crossing  occurs,  the  plants 
from  these  crosses  do  not  hold  up  in 
vigor  of  growth  with  the  plants  from 
self-fertilized  seed.  The  following 
table  from  Charles  Darwin's  extensive 
series  of  experiments  on  the  compari- 
son of  self  and  cross-fertilization  in  to- 
bacco illustrates  the  relative  vigor  of 
the  two  kinds  of  seed : 

HEIGHT    OF    PLANTS   IN   INCHES. 

No.  of      From  Self-fertilized     From      Self-fertilized 
Pod.  Plant  Crossed  by         Plant    again    Self-fer- 

Crossed  Plant.  tilized,  forming  third 

Self-fertilized  Genera- 
tion. 

I  87  2-8 

49 
48  4-8 

0 
99 

15  2-8 
97  6-8 
48  6-8 

0 


II 

III 

IV 
V 


72  4-8 

14  2-8 

73 

110  4-8 

106  4-8 

73  6-8 

48  6-8 

81  2-8 

61  2-8 

Total         495.50  641.75 

These  facts  make  the  improvement 
of  tobacco  by  selection  and  crossing  a 
practical  field  for  work. 

From  the  fact  that  the  work  of  the 
improvement  of  tobacco  has  been  just 
begun,  there  is  a  Jack  of  experimental 
data  to  substantiate  any,  of  what  we 
believe  to  be  practical  methods  of 
breeding.  However,  we  are  not 
wholly  without  evidence  in  the  Con- 
necticut Valley  as  to  the  correct 
methods  of  selection.  In  a  field  of  to- 
bacco in  the  Connecticut  Valley,  a 
grower  selected  two  years  ago  a  typical 
plant  in  a  field  of  as  uniform  type  as 
he  could  find.  He  saved  the  seed  from 
this  plant  separate  from  the  rest  of  his 
seed  crop. 


This  seed  was  planted  in  a  separate 
seed  bed,  and  the  plants  set  out  in  a 
separate  portion  of  the  field.  An  ex- 
amination of  the  field  made  by  the 
writer  and  the  grower,  showed  that 
the  plants  were  much  more  uniform 
than  the  plants  grown  from  the  gen- 
eral seed.  In  fact  the  uniformity  was 
so  striking  that  it  was  a  matter  of  gen- 
eral remark  among  all  visitors  to  this 
field.  The  fermented  tobacco  shows 
that  it  is  more  uniform  than  that  from 
the  rest  of  the  field.  In  other  instances 
where  seed  plants  have  been  selected 
for  a  special  purpose,  the  crops  show 
that  the  selection  of  seed  has  had  a 
gieat  influence  on  the  crop. 

The  relation  between  the  cured  and 
fermented  leaf,  and  the  plant  in  the 
field  must  be  known  in  order  to  make 
an  intelligent  selection  of  seed  plants. 
In  a  careful  canvass  of  growers  on  this 
point  last  season,  there  was  not  a  single 
man  who  had  followed  the  leaf  from 
the  plant  to  the  finished  product.  In 
such  a  condition  the  selection  would  be 
like  trying  to  select  seed  corn  without 
examining  the  mature  ear,  or  selecting 
seed  cotton  without  a  study  of  the 
fiber.  From  the  fact  that  the  plants 
must  be  picked  out  and  seed  saved  be- 
fore the  finished  leaf  can  be  examined, 
it  is  necessary  to  select  enough  best 
plants  in  the  light  of  previous  expeii- 
ence,  .so  that  after  the  leaves  from  the 
different  plants  have  been  examined, 
the  undesirable  types  can  be  discarded. 
From  the  fact  that  the  seed  plants  have 
to  be  allowed  to  stand  in  the  field  long 
after  the  leaves  must  be  harvested,  it 
is  necessary  to  pic^  the  leaves  from 
these  plants,  tag  them  so  that  they  can 
be  separated  from  the  rest  of  the  to- 
bacco after  curing  and  fermentation, 
and  make  the  examination  in  tie  ware- 
house. 

The  central  cluster  of  pods  should  be 
used  for  seed  purposes.  It  is  probable 
that  the  seed  in  the  pods  in  this  cen- 
tral cluster  is  most  desirable.  From 
the  great  number  of  seed  in  each  pod  it 
is  not  necessary  to  save  the  sucker 
pods.  In  an  examination  of  the  pods 
from  different  varieties  it  was  found 
that  each  pod  contained  from  two  to 
five  thousand  seeds.  Therefore  it  is 
not  necessary  for  a  grower  to  select  all 
of  the  pods  on  the  seed  plants  in  order 
to  secure  a  sufficient  supply  of  seed. 

The  heaviest,  best  developed  seed 
should  be  used  for  planting.  Experi- 
ments by  Dr.  Trabut  in  Algeria  show 
that  the  heaviest  seed  produce  the  best 
plants.  The  light  undevelopeil  chaffy 
seed  produce  weak  spindling  plants. 
In  a  test  of  vitality  made  this  season 
by  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  of 
heavy,  medium  and  light  seed  from  the 
same  plant,  it  waS  found  that  from  95 
to  100  per  cent,  of  the  heavy  sprouted, 
60  to  80  of  the  medium  and  0  to  12 
per  cent,  of  the  light  seed.  These  re- 
sults are  extremely  interesting  in  that 
they  show  the  comparative  vigor  of 
germination  and  indicate  the  compara- 
tive vitality  of  the  bea^•y  and  light 
seed.  It  is  a  good  plan  to  separate  out 
of  the  heavy  seed  from  the  entire  seed 
supply,  and   discard   the  light  and  uq- 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


J5 


^^i^wwvvww^'wvuvwywwww^wyuwyvwu^ww 


LUTHRR  M.  CASE, 


WINSTED,   CONNECTICUT. 

Packer  and  Dealer  in 


Connecticut    Leaf  Tobacco.  ^1^  i  aII^^    \    ^ 

Shade    Grown  jS^jS^  ^^  '^ 

Sumatra    in    Bales.  ^J%  v   _>  .  -     .  ,      ^  u,™^-.^     ^„ -^^yy,^- .     .^j»>. , 

Main  Warehouse  and  Office,   Pine  Meadow,  Conn.  |fSSS«^:^^i^^  ^^iS^^f^^^^t"^ 


BRJiMCH    IVJtREHOVSES: 

Southwick,  Mass.,— Foreman,  H,  L.  Miller. 
East  Canaan,  Conn.,— Foreman,  L-  F.  Bronson. 
Ilarkhamsted,  Conn., — Foreman,  L.  A.  Tvee. 
North  Hatfield,  Mass.,— Foreman,  Willis  Holden. 
New  Hartford,  Conn.,— Foreman,  James  Stewart. 


SUMATRA    PLANTATIONS: 


Pine   Meadow,  Conn., 25    Acres 

Barkhamsted,  Conn.,       20    Acres 

Southwick,  Mass.,  15    Acres   \\ 


Always  in  the  market  for  old  Tobacco  if  well 
assorted  and  packed,  jt  Havana  Seed  Wrap- 
pers a  specialty,  assorted  and  sized  into 
thirty-two  grades.         ...... 


f^mmmmmmmmmwmmm^m^fh 


desirable  seeds,  using  only  the  heavy 
seed  for  planting.  In  any  case  it  is 
advisable  to  test  the  vitality  of  the 
.seed  before  planting.  This  can  be 
done  by  thoroughly  mixing  the  seed, 
and  counting  out  two  sets  of  two  hun- 
dred seeds  each.  These  samples  can 
be  sprouted  between  layers  of  moist 
blotting  paper.  In  six  days  7.5  per 
cent,  of  the  seed  ought  to  have  sprouted 
and  in  ten  days  95  per  cent,  should 
have  germinated. 

Old  seed  is  frequently  used  for  plant- 
ing. The  usual  reason  is  that  in  such 
cases  the  old  seed  has  been  found  to 
produce  good  crops.  There  is  no  rea- 
son to  believe  that  the  seed  improves 
with  age,  but  every  indication  that 
the  vigor  and  vitality  is  very  weak  in 
old  seed.  Ten  year  old  seed  has  been 
reported  of  good  vitality  and  instances 
have  been  cited  of  twenty  year  old  seed 
producing  a  crop.  The  length  of  life 
of  the  seed  probably  depends  upon  the 
conditions  of  harvest  and  keeping. 
The  seed  should  not  be  harvested  until 
fully  matured,  and  then  dried  before 
being  removed  from  the  pod.  When 
thoroughly  dry,  it  can  be  shelled  out 
of  the  pods  and  kept  in  dry  glass 
vessels.  It  is  a  safe  general  principle 
in  tobacco  growing,  that  whenever 
possible  fresh  seed  should  be  used  for 
planting. 

If  a  grower  produces  a  crop  which  is 
perfect  in  every  respect  and  exactly 
suits  his  ideas  of  a  tobacco  crop,  it 
would   be   advisable    to   keep   enough 


seed  so  that  if  his  next  crop,  or  any 
future  crops  are  undesirable,  this  seed 
can  be  used  for  planting.  Practical 
experience  shows  that  such  seed,  kept 
under  proper  conditions  may  be  safely 
used  for  several  years. 

The  plans  tor  breeding  experiments 
by  the  Department  of  Agriculture  in- 
clude two  main  considerations.  First 
the  production  of  hybrids  of  the  differ- 
ent native  varieties,  and  hybrids  of  the 
native  varieties  and  imported  strains. 
In  the  experiments  by  Dr.  Trabut  in 
Algeria,  it  was  found  that  the  crosses 
between  the  native  tobaccos  and  im- 
ported varieties,  retained  the  hardiness 
of  the  native  varieties  with  the  desir- 
able qualities  of  the  imported  types. 
Other  experiments  by  Italian  workers 
show  substantially  the  same  results. 
Therefore  it  seems  desirable  to  cross 
the  Havana  and  Connecticut  seed  leaf 
types  with  the  Cuban  and  Sumatra 
varieties.  Crosses  have  been  made  be- 
tween all  of  these  varieties  the  past 
season,  and  the  seed  from  each  cross 
will  be  grown  in  separate  rows  in  the 
field  this  season  for  study  and  compari- 
son. 

The  second  important  line  of  work 
begun  last  season  in  the  selection  of 
typical  plants  foi  a  test  of  their  trans- 
mitting power.  The  seed  of  these 
plants  have  been  harvested  separately 
and  careful  records  kept  of  the  charac- 
teristics of  the  plants,  such  as  type, 
number  of  leaves,  shape  of  leaves,  time 
of  maturity  and  other  important  points. 


The  seed  from  each  plant  will  be 
planted  in  separate  rows  in  the  field  in 
order  to  test  the  transmitting  power  of 
each  individual  seed  plant.  The  ob- 
jects of  this  experiment  are  to  show 
whether  the  types  come  true  to  seed, 
and  to  find  the  most  valuable  parents 
for  further  selection  and  propagation. 
When  strains  are  discovered  which  come 
true  to  seed,  and  are  of  a  desirable 
type  the  further  improvement  will  be  a 
matter  of  selection  from  the  best 
plants  of  these  strains. 

Barley  Company  Incorporated 
The  Burley  Loose  Tobacco  Ware- 
house Company,  of  Lexington,  Ken- 
tucky, has  filed  articles  of  incorpora- 
tion with  the  county  clerk  of  Fayette, 
Kentucky.  The  company  has  a  capital 
stock  of  1100,000,  and  expects  to 
handle  from  20,000  to  30,000 
pounds  tobacco   a  year.     Most   of   this 

will  be  bought  loose  from  the  growers. 

IT'S  A  GOOD 
THING  TO  KNOW: 

The  best  place  in  Hartford  to  buy  Jew- 
elry, to  buy  a  watch,  to  have  a  watch 
repaired. 

It's  over  on  Pearl  street,   just  a    little 
way  from  Main. 

GEORGE  W.  BALL, 

Diamond    Broker   and    Jeweler, 
65  PEARL  ST.,   HARTFORD.  CONN. 


i6 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


o  ^^  o 
0 


o  ^"^o  ^"^  o         o  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  O  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^*^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o 


^ 


Interriational 
Tobacco  ClotH 


^' 


^ 


^ 


I  HE  superiority  of  The  International 
Tobacco  Cloth  has  been  fully  dem- 
onstrated in  the  field  €1  High-grade 
materialj&.nd  skilful  construction,  combined 
with  long  experience  in  manufacturing  this 
class  of  fabric,  accounts  for  the  superiority 
of  The  International  Tobacco  Cloth  <t  Made 
in  all  required  widths;  shipments  prompt 
and  complete. 


^ 


Forbes  ^  Wallace 

Spring'field,  Mass.  ^  V 


^' 


3 


©>i«  New  England 

TbBACCo  Grower 


VOL.  V.  No.  2. 


HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT,  APRIL,  1904. 


$J.OO  A  YEAR 


Recent  ErXperiments  in  Tobacco  Culture 


THE  recent  experiments  conducted 
by  Dr.  Trobiit  upon  the  selection 
and  improvement  of  tjbacco  by  means 
ot  seed  selection,  furnish  valuable 
evidence  for  the  guidance  of  growers 
of  tobacco  in  all  tobacco  sections.  He 
says  that  planters  may  rapidly  amelior- 
rate  tlie  race  of  tobacco  they  cultivate, 
by  using  carefully  selected  seed.  This 
choice,  however,  involves  some  precau- 
tions. The  plants  should  be  selected 
with  the  greatest  care  for  seed  pur- 
poses, and  at  the  time  of  flowering 
covered  around  the  inforescence  with 
light  closely  woven  cloth.  By  this 
operation  one  avoids  the  poUenation  of 
selected  plants  by  pollen  of  inferior 
plants.  It  is  also  of  advantage  to 
carry  on  artificial  pollenation  of  the 
flowers  on  the  selected  stalks  by  carry- 
ing pollen  from  one  to  another.  This 
operation  is,  to  be  sure,  limited  and 
somewhat  uncertain,  but  it  permits 
one,  nevertheless,  to  obtain  very  vigor- 
ous plants  of  decided  merit  in  many 
instances. 

The  experiments  carried  on  by  Dr. 
Trobut  at  the  botanical  station  in  Al- 
geria during  four  years,  on  the  value 
of  tobacco  crosses  is  an  illustration  of 
the  usefulness  of  the  practice.  The 
object  of  those  experiments  was  to 
unite  all  of  the  races  of  tobacco  already 
acclimated  in  Algeria,  and  a  collection 
of  exotic  tobaccos.  From  the  crosses  of 
the  introduced  tobaccos  with  the  best 
races  already  acclimated,  there  have 
resulted  a  certain  number  of  varieties 
which  seem  advantageous  tor  these 
regions.  In  the  crosses  carried  on  for 
the  purpose  of  improving  the  native 
tobaccos,  he  observed  that  the  seeds  of 
tobacco  are  often  badly  formed  and 
show  low  specific  gravity.  By  placing 
the  tobacco  seed  in  water,  it  was  ob- 
served that  onlj'  one-half  of  the  seed 
sunk  to  the  bottom  of  the  vessel.  The 
seeds  which  floated  on  the  surface  of 
the  water,  were  nevertheless  able  to 
germinate,  but  gave  less  vigorous 
plants  during  theif  whole  development. 


By  sowing  the  seed  which  floated, 
and  those  which  sank,  he  established 
the  fact  that  all  of  the  plants  grown 
from  the  heavy  seed  were  greener, 
taller  and  more  vigorous  than  the 
plants  raised  from  the  light  seed.  The 
seedlings  transplanted  in  the  same 
field,  alternating  a  plant  from  heavy 
seed  with  a  plant  from  light  seed, 
preserved  their  characters,  the  plants 
from  the  heavy  seed  having  the  more 
desirable  leaves  and  producing  the 
best  plants.  The  plants  from  the  light 
seed  developed  more  slowly  and  had  a 
tendency  to  bloom  before  having 
reached  srrfRcient  development.  The 
weight  of  leaves  from  the  plants 
growrr  from  the  light  seed  was  hardly 
one-half  that  of  the  leaves  harvested 
from  the  plants  grown  from  the  heavy 
seed. 

There  is  no  doubt  that  considerable 
advantage  is  to  be  derived  from  this 
easy  selection  of  the  heavy  seed. 
Growers  of  tobacco  always  have  an 
excessive  amount  of  seed.  Before 
sprouting  or  sowing  this  seed,  they 
should  throw  rt  into  a  vessel  of  water, 
shake  gently,  and  takeout  the  seed  that 
float,  destroying  it  so  that  it  cannot  be 
used  for  planting  through  anj'  possible 
mistake.  The  amount  of  seed  that 
float  irsually  represents  about  one-half 
of  the  seed  gathered.  The  heavy  seed 
may  be  dried  and  preserved,  or  the 
best  plan  is  to  make  the  separation  just 
before  time  for  sowing,  and  then  sow 
immediately  after  this  treatment.  The 
heavy  seed  thus  planted  will  give  more 
vigorous  plants  producing  better  leaves, 
but  with  a  tendencj'  to  bloom  a  little 
later  than  plants  grown  from  the  I'ght 
seed 

In  practice  it  may  be  found  that  few 
if  any  of  the  seeds  sink  immediately 
after  having  been  thrown  into  the 
water.  It  .seems  that  it  is  necessary 
for  the  seed  to  stand  for  some  time  in 
the  water  during  which  tney  become 
thoroughly  moistened  and  will  then 
sink.     By     careful     examination,    the 


moment  when  all  of  the  heavy  seed 
have  sunk,  can  be  determined,  and  the 
light  seed  removed.  Another  plan  for 
the  separation  of  the  light  from  the 
heavy  seed,  is  by  the  use  of  sieves  hav- 
ing such  sized  openings  that  the  heavy 
seed  will  fall  through  and  the  light 
seed  be  retained  and  finally  discarded. 
Cheese  cloth  having  the  proper  size  ot 
mesh  can  be  used  successfuUj'  for  this 
purpose.  If  it  is  possibe  to  use  an  air 
blast,  thei-e  is  probably  no  better 
method  of  separation.  As  the  tobacco 
seed  are  very  light  it  will  be  found 
necessary  to  have  a  very  steady  current 
of  air,  and  of  such  volume  that  the 
heavy  .seed  will  fall  and  the  light  seed 
be  carried  away.  There  are  certain 
makes  of  the  ordinary  fanning  mills 
which  it  is  possible  to  adapt  to  tobacco 
seed  and  will  make  the  desired  separa- 
tion successful. 

EXPERIMENTS  WITH    CULTIVATION  OF 
TOBACCO. 

The  first  attempts  at  cultivation  of 
tobacco  in  Algeria  by  the  Europeans, 
were  made  with  seed  of  Paraquay  and 
Palatinate,  but  these  races  have  under- 
gone successive  transformations  with- 
out having  the  qualities  which  were 
formerly  preserved  by  the  Arabs,  but 
have  nevertheless  a  greater  production. 
This  constant  variation  is  such  that 
rrnder  the  name  of  colonial  tobacco, 
one  meets  many  diflferent  types.  Be- 
cause of  the  impossibility  of  making 
constant  individual  selections  and 
avoiding  natural  variations  of  the 
plant,  it  is  a  question  whether  the 
variety  of  tobacco  alone  has  influence 
in  the  quality  of  the  plant.  In  princi- 
ple the  best  tobaccos  are  those  which 
burn  best,  but  the  nature  of  the  soil, 
methods  of  cultivation,  practice  of  ir- 
rigation and  methods  of  curing  and 
handling  seem  to  effect  the  combusti- 
bility even  more  than  the  variety  of 
the  plant.  The  remarkable  combusti- 
bility of  the  station  tobacco  is  due  to 
Concluded  on  page  g 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Westfield 

March  7,  the  cry  of  the  farmers  was 
not  "Make  haj-  while  the  sun  shines," 
it  was  rather,  "Make  tobacco  while 
the  rain  falls!"  After  months  of  wait- 
ing for  an  opportunity  to  take  their 
tobacco  from  the  poles,  where  it  has 
been  allowed  to  remain  on  account  of 
the  dry  weather,  the  raisers  of  the 
weed  welcomed  and  took  advantage  of 
the  downpour,  and  mustered  their 
forces,  the  humidity  in  the  air  giving 
the  limpness  to  the  leaf  that  is  neces- 
sary for  the  safe  handling  of  the  plants. 

Ordinarily  this  work  would  have 
been  done  back  in  November,  or  with- 
in two  months  of  harvesting  time,  but 
the  past  winter  has  been  a  remarkable 
exception  in  the  history  of  seasons. 
The  tobacco  men  worked  their  forces 
until  well  towards  morning  and 
succeeded  in  getting  most  of  the  plants 
Otf  the  poles.  An  awkward  and  incon- 
venient condition  of  attairs  was  created 
by  the  flooding  of  the  ground  in  the 
tobacco  barns,  as  a  result  of  the  heavy 
rain  and  thawing  of  the  snowbanks  sur- 
rounding the  buildings.  In  some  in- 
stances perfect  rivers  flowed  through 
the  barns,  and  the  workmen  had  to 
wade  in  water  at  their  work. 

Jtgency    in    Hartford 

Edward  U.  Denslow  f  f  Hartford  is 
acting  as  agent  for  the  B.  L.  Bragg 
Company  of  Springfield,  whose  excel- 
lent line  of  up-to-date  farm  machinery 
is  unsurpassed.  The  Bragg  Com- 
pany's line  is  well  known  for  reliabil- 
ity, and  tobacco  glowers  using  their 
goods  gladly  testify  to  their  merit. 
Mr.  Denslow,  who  is  located  at  318 
State  street,  will  be  glad  to  shiiw 
prospective  purchasers  the  Bragg  line 
of  machinery. 


Hot-Bed  vSash. 

Get  our  quotations  on  Hot-Bed  Sash.  We  make  them  in  standard  sizes  or  in 
special  sizes  to  suit  the  requirements  of  Tobacco  Growers,  and  guarantee 
honest  materials,  the  best  of  workmanship,  and  a  good,  serviceable  sash. 

DOORS.    GLAZED     WINDQ-WS,    BLINDS. 
M^INDO-W  AND   DOOR.   FRAMES. 

CALIFORNIA  REDWOOD  DOORS  A  SPECIALTY. 
Cord  for  Sash  and  Ventilators. 


E,  A*  Carlisle  and  Pope  Co,, 


Successors  io 
Le'bi  Boles  &  Son, 
2  Sudburx  St.,  Cor.  HaymarKet  Sq.,  Boston,  Mass. 


Tobacco    Storage     Company 

Documents  have  been  filed  with  the 
Connecticut  secretary  of  state  as 
follows:  Certificate  of  incorporation 
of  the  East  Hartford  Tobacco  Storage 
corporation,  which  is  organized  with  a 
capital  stock  of  $.1,000  for  the  purpose 
of  dealing  in  tobacco,  manufacturing 
and  preparing  it  for  market  and  taking 
tobacco  on  stoi'age.  The  capital  stock 
is  divided  into  50  shares  of  |100  each. 
George  A.  Billings,  A.  E.  Kilbourne, 
Charles  C.  Hanmer  and  Francis  J. 
Hanmer  are  the  incorporators. 

Glastonbury 

Nathaniel  Tryon,  a  lifelong  resident 
of  the  eastern  part  of  this  town,  near 
the  South  Manchester  line,  died  at  his 
home  Februaiy  26,  at  the  age  of  83. 
He  was  one  of  the  wealthiest  men  in 
Glastonbury.  He  is  survived  by  a 
widow  and  by  three  sons,  Nathaniel 
Russell  Tryon,  Charles  Howard  Tryon 
and  Joseph  Tryon,  and  one  daughter 
Miss  Jane  C.  Tryon,  all  of  whom 
reside  at  the    homestead. 


Ol    in/IDO     RIDER    AND    ERICSSON.     AU   Sizes.     New  and    Second  Hand, 
nUIVIr^O  from  545.00  up.    All    Repairs. 

n  /^  11      C  D  O     Second    Hand,  3S  H.   P.,   Steam,  $70.00.      No.  S,   Second   Hand 
tj  W  I  L_  Cl  ri  O  Scollay  at  fSO.OO.    New  Boilers  at  Low  Prices. 

RrDC     New  2  in..  Full  LenRlhs  at  9^c.;   Second  Hand,  2  in.,  VJsc:   IV2  in.,  SKC' 
r^Cl  IV4  in.,  41/20.;  1  in.,3%c.;  34  in..3c.     Fittings  of  all  Kinds. 


PIPE  CUTTERS 


NEW    SAUNDERS    PATTERN 

No.  1,  il.OO;  No.  2,  *1.30. 


STOCKS  AND  DIES 


NEW    ECONOMY 

No.  1,  93.00,  No.  2,  S4.00. 


STILLSON  WRENCHES 


NEW 
18  inch,    S1.6S,   24   inch,   $2.40. 


PIPE  VISES 


NEW 
No.  1,  HINGED,  S2.25. 


/^  A  D  r^  C  M     LJ  /^  O  Cr     NEW  }i  in..  Guaranteed  1(X)  lbs.  Water  Pressure 
Vj/A  11  U  tlN     riLJOC.        TJ^c.  per  foot;  not  Guaranteed,  4  Jic.  per  foot. 

^M       A  00     New,    16.\24,     Double.     Natural    Gas    Made     Glass,    $3.40  per   Bo;c; 
IjJI  |_/-\0  0     14.\20,  Double,  S3.20;  12x16,  Sing-le,  S2.30;  10x12  and  8x10,  Single,  $2.25 


HOT  BED  SASH 


NEW.  No.  1  CYPRESS,  70c. 
COMPLETE,  FROM  $1.60  UP. 


Get  Our  Prices  for  New  Cypress  Building  Material,  Ventilating 
Apparatus,  Oil,  Putty,  White  Lead,  Points,  &c. 

Metropolitan      Material     Company^ 

1598=1400 -I402'I404'I406=I408  Metropolitan  Jtvenue 
BROOKLYN,     NEMT    YORK 


Sherman 

O.  H.  Hawes  recently  sold  most  of 
his  tobacco,  packed  one  year  ago.  He 
sold  one  case  for  60  pounds,  packed 
weight,  amounting  to  the  snug  sum  of 
1180  for  800  pounds. 


Andrews  &  Peck, 

MANUFACTURERS, 
Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

Doors,  Windows   and  Blinds. 

Manufacturers'  Agents  for  Akron   Sewer 

Pipe  and  Land  Tile. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  hotbed  sash. 

Office,  88  MarKet  Street, 

MiU:   Charter   Oak  and   Vrcdi;ndalc  Avenues, 
HARTFORD,  CONN. 


For  The  Seed-Bed 


Use    the    Dietz 
O.  K.  Tubular 
Laniern,  —  the 
most    satisfac- 
tory  lantern 
made    for    this 
purpose.  Unre- 
liable lanterus 
make   havoc 
among-   the 
plants  by 
smoke,  or  else 
g-o  out  at  the 
critical  time, 
and  leave  the 
seed-bed  un- 
protected from 
chill  and  frost. 
Dietz  Lanterns 
burn  steadily, 
and  can  be  de- 
pended upon 
every  time. 
If  you  have 
tried  oil-stoves 
or  unreliable 
lanlerns.  and 
become  dis- 
^-■usied  with 
smoke-kiHiuf,^ 
and  low  tem- 
peratures, we  ask  you  to  give  the  Dietz  O.  K. 
Lantern  a  trial. 

Let  your  dealer  show  you  one,  or  send  to  us 
for  a  catalogue. 


R.  E.  DIETZ  COMPANY 

Greenwich,   corner  Laight  Street, 
NEW  YOR-K    CITY. 

ESTABLISHED    1840 


'^he     Ne>v     England 
Tobacco     Groover 


HARTFORD 


CONNECTICUT 


APRIL 


1904 


Warehouses  in  Full  »S%ving' 

Many     Hands    Employed    and    Large    Quantities 
0/    Tobacco    Being     PacKed 


East    Hartford 

The  tobacco  warehouses  are  going  at 
full  force.  P.  Deniierlien  &  Sons  have 
their  usual  number  of  hands,  W.  L. 
Hunttius  &  Company  are  swinging 
all  they  can  do,  and  E.  O.  Goodwin  is 
receiving  a  large  quantity  of  the  leaf 
and  will  continue  packing  until  warm 
weather. 

Alfred  Ensign  has  opened  the  E.  R. 
Ensign  &  Sons'  packing  house  and  is 
busy  packing  seedleaf  for  I.  K.  Kaffen- 
burg  of  Boston.  Eight  hands  are  at 
work,  packing  only.  The  crops  that 
have  been  received  are  those  of  E.  R. 
Ensign  &  Sons,  eleven  acres;  Charles 
Yauch  &  Son,  eight  acres;  Frank 
Yauch,  four  acres;  A.  W.  Moseley, 
three  acres;  C.  Bartlett,  ten  acres; 
Joel  Brewer,  eight  acres. 

F.  Howard  Ensign  is  packing  for 
Mr.  Aufhausser  of  New  York.  The 
length  of  time  the  warehouse  is  to  be 
kept  open  depends  on  how  much  more 
tobacco  Mr.  Aufhausser  buys. 

Those  contemplating  the  erection  ot 
new  tobacco  sheds  are  H.G.  Beaniuont, 
who  has  given  the  contract  to  J.  F. 
Whaples,  and  Frank  D.  May,  who  will 
erect  one  or  two  large  sheds  on  his 
newly  purchased  farm  in  the  eastern 
Hockanum  district. 

The  crops  recently  purchased  by 
Howard  Ensign  for  Mr.  Biederman  of 
Brooklyn  are:  Charles  Risley,  three 
acres,  at  30  and  17  cents;  F.  Howard 
Ensign,  nine  acres,  22  and  10;  Hubbard 
Waldo,  four  acres,  20  and  17:  seedleaf, 
all  assorted.  He  has  also  purcha.sed 
three  acres  of  seedleaf  from  Louis 
Tryon  of  South  Glastonbury  and  four 
acres  of  Havana  from  Mr.  Carberry,  in 
the  bundle. 

Samuel  Stevens  of  Glastonbury  pur- 
chased W.  G.  and  A.  A.  Forbes'  tobac- 
co in  the  bundle,  at  seven  cents.  There 
are  twenty-four  acres  in  the  batch. 

Keiser  &  Boa.sberg  of  Buffalo  have 
purchased  100  cases  of  tobacco  in  South 
Windsor  and  are  assorting  and  packing 
at  Lowell  Brewer's  warehouse. 

The  F.  W.  Griswold  Corporation 
have  contracted  with  William  Welk  of 
Glastonbury  for  a  shed,  6-ts>!2  feet. 

Michael  Liebler  will  build  a  shed, 
84x32  feet,  the  contract  going  to  the  F. 
W.  Griswold  Corporation. 

Edward  O.  Goodwin,  agent  for 
Rosenwald  &   Brother,   has   purchased 


tlie  crops  of  the  following  growers; 
James  Harvey,  John  Martin,  A.  Mc- 
Gehan,  George  E.  Pratt,  Henry  R. 
Burnham,  Edward  B.  Ripley,  Arthur 
Talcott,  Burton  G.  Biewer,  Cliarles  P. 
Cummings,  Chauncey  Hollister.Merritt 
Smart,  Martin  Roberts,  William 
Hines,  Alonzo  P.  Hills,  Clifford  F. 
Brewer,  Hoadley  C.  Brewer,  Edwin  E. 
Gilman,  Levi  Hayes,  Ralph  Hayes, 
Charles  Richmond,  A.  C.  Abbe,  Frank 
Getto.  Charles  P.  Hills,  George  H. 
Hills,  A.  Frederick  Olmsted,  Bryan  H. 
Griswold,  Frederick  M.  Hills,  William 
Wells,  Everett  Hills.  Elliott  Hills,  C. 
F.  Deane,  Mrs.  G.  Toohill,  Edwin  A. 
Judson,  Walter  Simmons,  Elmer  Twil- 
cott,  J.  K.  Hall,  Frederick  W.  Gehan, 
William  Weldon,  A.  Fuller,John  Lang, 
Alfred  E.  Hollister,  Christopher 
Sweeney  and  Alfred  E.  Kilbourne. 
All  of  these  crops  have  been  delivered 
at  the  warehouse. 

Sunderland 

Several  sales  have  Ijeen  made  at  low 
prices,  the  American  Tobacco  Com- 
pany, Carl  of  Hatfield,  and  Mendelsohn 
being  the  buyers. 

From  i|!.")0  to  |80  worth  of  manure 
and  fertilizers  are  generally  used  to 
the  acre  here. 

Seed  is  usually  saved  from  a  partic- 
ularly good  crop  by  the  beat  growers, 
although  some  follow  the  practice  of 
saving  from  year  to  year,  which  does 
not  prove  as  satisfactory  in  the  long 
run. 

The  outlook  for  labor  the  coming 
season  is  very  good,  Polanders  being 
the  principal  help.  They  do  fairly 
well. 

The  acreage  this  year  will  bo  alrout 
the  same  as  1903. 

New    Milford 

G.  Falk  and  brother  are  putting  uii 
tobacco  in  Turney  Soule's  warehouse. 
Louis  Frankel,  their  representative,  is 
no  stranger  in  these  parts.  He  .  has 
been  more  or  less  engaged  in  the 
Housatonic  Valley  tobacco  packing  for 
the  past  fifteen  years  James  (,'onnors, 
who  has  been  all  through  the  business 
departments  of  the  packing  industry 
from  handler  to  foreman,  has  been 
engaged  as  foreman  of  the  packing 
room. 


Broad    Brook 

A.  H.  Grant  of  Melrose,  who  is  pick- 
ing up  a  considerable  quantity  of  to- 
bacco, has  purchased  Carl  Pheitter's 
crop.  He  is  packing  for  Lichenstein 
of  New  Y^ork,  whose  warehouse  opened 
early  in  March. 

Joseph  Mayer,  a  buyer  from  New 
York,  was  in  Broad  Brook  early  in 
March  and  puix'hased  considerable 
quantities  of  Havana  leaf. 

Melrose 

A  large  tobacco  shed  owned  by  E.  M. 
Granger  was  destroyed  by  fire  recently. 
The  shed  contained  fifty  bales  of  to- 
bacco and  many  harvesting  tools. 
These  were  consumed.  The  barn  was 
valued  at  |1,000  and  was  insured  for 
$800.  The  loss  on  tobacco  is  covered 
by  insurance.  It  is  supposed  that  the 
fire  was  caused  by  a  wood  stove. 

Warehouse    Point 

Leonard  L.  Grotta  has  been  engaged 
by  Charles  Leiderman  &  Company  of 
New  York  to  sort  and  pack  .500  cases 
of  seed  and  Havana  tobacco  at  Mr. 
Grotta's  warehouse  About  40  men 
have  been  put  to  work  sorting,  sizing 
and  tying.  William  Dennison  has 
been  engaged  as  foreman. 

The  following  sales  have  been  made 
in  this  vicinity  recently:  J.  H. 
Simonds,  twenty  acres  at  15  Vg  cents 
per  pound,  to  Hinsdale  Smith  &  Co.  of 
Springfield;  Anthony  Sabonis,  at  10'^ 
cents,  and  John  Ma.son  and  Orson  Cone 
to  Wilcox  of  Philadelphia.  Auerbach 
&  Co.  of  Buffalo  have  engaged  Grotta 
&  Co.  to  assort  and  pack  500  cases  of 
tobacco  grown  in  this  vicinity. 

Enfield    Street 

Most  of  the  farmers  in  this  vicinity 
are  thinking  of  raising  seed  leaf  this 
year. 

Several  sales  were  made  last  week  to 
the  American  Tobacco  company,  at 
prices  averaging  about  13  cents  per 
pound. 

Hartford 

A  number  of  shade-growers  dined  at 
the  Allyn  House  the  evening  of  March 
7,  and  discussed  various  features  of 
the  business.  -Ariel  Mitchelson  of 
Tariffville  presided  at  the  dinner,  and 
several  speeches  were  made. 

Shaker     Station 

Tobacco  buyers  are  around  quite 
numerous,  and  some  sales  made. 
There  are  still  several  crops  unsold. 

IVapping 

Judson  Rockwell  has  delivered  bis 
tobacco  to  Haas  of  Hartford. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco  All  Down 

1903      Crop    TaKen      From    the      Poles.— Numerous 

MarcK     Sales 


Putney 

Sales  made  during  March  include 
the  following:  H.  Crawford,  five 
acres:  S.  Houghton,  two  and  one-half 
acres;  O.  Brown,  one-half  acre;  M. 
Benson,  one-half  acre;  Page  Brothers, 
one  acre;  H.  D.  Gassett,  one-half  acre; 
F.  B.  Hannuni,  six  acres;  Ellison, 
two  and  one-half  acres;  G.  Miles,  one 
acre;  F.  Harding,  two  acres;  A. 
Townshend,  one-half  acre;  H. 
Bennett,  two  acres;  H.  E.  Gassett, 
two  acres.  These  lots  were  sold  to 
R.  E.  Fairchild,  agent  for  Isaac  Meyers 
&  Company,  New  York.  The  price 
paid  was  from  four  to  12^  cents. 
Most  of  them  sold  at  nine  and  ten 
cents. 

H.  Crawford  has  sold  part  of  his 
1900  and  1903  crop  to  Meyers  &  Com- 
pany. 

George  Henry  of  Amherst  has  bought 
the  crops  of  J.  Washburn,  W.  Pierce, 
Miss  White  and  E.  Akin. 

There  are  one  or  two  lots  still  unsold. 
H.  E.  C. 

East  Whately 

Tobacco  beds  in  this  section  will  be 
late  on  account  of  frost  and  snow.  At 
this  writing  fro.st  is  nearly  three  feet 
deep. 

The  1903  crop  is  all  taken  from  the 
poles  and  perhaps  one-half  sold  in 
bundles  at  prices  ranging  from  sis  to 
16  cents. 

Many  of  the  crops  are  being  packed. 

Acreage  for    1904    will  be    about  the 
same  as    1903,    and    the    prospects   are 
bright  for  good  prices  for  good  crops. 
L.  F.  Graves. 

Hatfield 

Tobacco  is  all  down  and  in  the  bun- 
dle. All  available  help  is  being  worked 
in  the  assorting  .shops. 

It  will  take  nearly  the  month  of 
April  to  finish  the  assorting.  Many 
tons  are  being  received  at  the  several 
warehouses  to  be  assorted  and  cased. 

Growers  are  unwilling  to  take  pre- 
vailing price.s,  which  range  from  eight 
to  thirteen    cents  in  tne  bundle. 

All  old  tobacco  is  practically  bought 
up,  and  new-sweat  crops  are  sold  and 
are  being  shipped  as  soon  as  sampled. 
The  new  goods  ate  coming  out  well 
sweated  and  in  better  condition  than 
was  expected. 

The  spring  bids  tair  to  be  late;  good 
sleighing  and  plenty  of  snow  to  date. 
No  one  is  discussing  the  tobacco  bed 
subject  as  yet,  but  rather  have  to 
handle  the  vast  amount  of  tobacco  be- 
ing drawn  into  town  to  be  assorted. 
B.  M.  Warner. 

Alorthampton 

McGrath  Brothers  have  been  busy 
assorting  tobacco  since  January;  they 
employ  about  50  hands. 


East  Windsor  Hill 

No  grower  in  this  vicinity  has  sowed 
his  seed-bed  5'et,  nor  made  preparation 
therefor. 

All  the  tobacco  is  down  in  this 
vicinity,  save  three-fourths  of  an  acre 
owned  by  Vibeit  Brothers. 

The  most  recent  sale  is  that  of  Mar- 
tin McGrath  to  Grave  of  New  Haven. 

The  acreage  this  sea.son  will  be  about 
the  same  as  last  year. 

Fiost  has  penetrated  from  20  inches 
to  two  feet.  A  very  early  spiing  is 
not  probable  with  such  a  depth  of  frost 
in  the  ground. 

Half  a  dozen  lots  of  tobacco  still  re- 
main unsold.        RoswELL  Grant. 

Broad   Brook 

Henry  Kohn  of  New  York  was  in 
town  March  15  buying  tobacco,  and 
among  the  crops  bought  were  those  of 
C.  Haushultz,  F.  Werner,  Mr.  McVey, 
Mrs.  J.  O'Neil.  John  Sheridan,  Bernard 
Sheridan,  John  Smith,  Timothy 
Clifford,  George  Bell  and  Edward 
Nevers,  the  prices  ranging  from  eight 
to  13>^  cents. 

Broad  Brook  was  literally  flooded 
with  tobacco  buyers  the  last  week  of 
March,  and  the  few  unsold  crops  in 
the  vicinity  were  rapidlj'  disposed  of 
at  about  ten  cents  a  pound. 

South  Windsor 

Albert  Edward  Smith,  aged  29  years, 
died  March  1 1,  at  the  Hartford 
Hos))ital,  where  he  had  been  receiving 
careful  treatment  since  the  summer  of 
1902.  He  was  a  farmer  and  tobacco 
grower  by  occupation  and  on  August 
27,  1902,  while  hanging  tobacco  in  his 
shed,  he  slipped  and  fell  twenty  two 
feet,  landing  on  his  back  across  a  beam. 
Some  of  the  vertebrae  were  broken  and 
recovery  was  impossible.  A  post- 
mortem examination  was  held  on  the 
body.  Mr.  Smith  was  born  in  Eng- 
land. He  is  survived  by  his  wife,  two 
children  and  his  parents. 

Wapping 

J.  C.  Stoughton  delivered  his  tobacco 
to  Haas  this  week. 

Among  those  who  have  recently  sold 
their  tobacco  are  M.  Dwyer,  W.  W. 
Grant,  Oscar  Stoughton  and  Louis 
Juno. 

Wallop 

Recent  sales  of  tobacco  have  been  by 
Hiram  Pierce  and  Samuel  H.  Neelans 
to  Aurbach  &  Co.,  Albert  J.  Terry  to 
Starr  Bros.,  Frank  Simons  and  O.  S. 
Olmsted  to  Joseph  Gans  &  Son.  There 
are  a  few  crops  yet  un."old.  John 
Middleton  is  assorting  his  home  crop. 

East  Deerfield 

Tobacco  is  all  down  and  stripped  at 
this  place.  One  or  two  growers  are 
having  their  crops  assorted. 


Warehouse  Point 

A  civil  suit  for  $100  of  James  M. 
Lasbury  vs.  E.  N.  Myers  was  tried 
before  Justice  J.  R.  Sperry  recently. 
The  suit  was  brought  by  Lasbury  to 
recover  a  bill  of  195.84  claimed  to  be 
due  on  a  sale  of  tobacco  a  few  years 
ago.  Judgment  was  given  for  the 
plaintiff  to  recover  the  amount  of  the 
bill  with  cosLs.  The  defendant  gave 
notice  of  intention  to  appeal  to  the 
higher  court. 

As  a  result  of  a  misunderstanding  in 
the  wage  schedule  for  the  tobacco  sort- 
ers employed  at  the  warehouse  of  the 
Simon  Aurbach  Company,  forty-seven 
hands  went  out  on  strike  March  15. 
The  sorters,  upon  receiving  their  pay, 
found  that  they  were  receiving  only 
one  cent  a  pound  for  the  tobacco  they 
had  sorted  instead  of  one  and  one- 
quarter  cents  which  they  had  expected. 
The  demand  was  granted  by  the  firm 
and  the  men  returned  to  work  after  a 
few  hours'  rest.  The  men  now  get 
1}>4  cents  per  pound,  tie  their  own 
fillers  and  are  limited  to  200  pounds  a 
day,  all  over  200  pounds  being  sorted 
for  nothing.  Before  the  strike  the 
men  received  one  cent  per  pound  and 
did  not  tie  their  own  fillers. 

East  Hartford 

A  quantity  of  Havana  seed  tobacco 
raised  in  the  vicinity  of  Broad  Brook 
was  received  at  the  warehouse  of  P. 
Dennerleiu  &  Sons  March  23.  Ed- 
ward O.  Goodwin  received  about 
twenty  acres  of  tobacco  at  his  ware- 
house on  the  same  date.  He  has  sent 
about  1,000  cases  to  the  warehouse  of 
Hanmer  &  Kilbourne.  Meyer  & 
Mendelsshon,  who  bought  the  Sutter 
Brothel  a'  warehouse,  have  opened  with 
a  force  of  fifty  men. 

Xorth    Hatfield 

William  Cottee  has  sold  his  tobacco 
to  James  Day,  at  ten  cents. 

The  assorting  shops  are  closed  ex- 
cept those  of  Frank  Jones  and  Oscar 
Belden  Sons. 

Suffield 

A  large  invoice  of  tobacco  was 
shipped  from  this  place  recently,  com- 
ing fiom  surrounding  towns  and  this 
place.  The  crop  is  being  picked  up  by 
tlie  buyers  although  a  number  of  grow- 
ers are  sorting  their  crops  rather  than 
to  sell  at  the  prevailing  prices. 

Quite  a  number  of  growers  are  now 
preparing  their  seed-beds. 

Practically  all  the  tobacco  is  now 
off  the  poles  and  eighty  per  cent,  of  it 
is  sold.  A  number  of  buyers  were  in 
town  recently,  securing  many  crops. 
The  largest  buyer  was  the  American 
Tobacco  Company. 

The  acreage  for  1904  will  be  about 
the  same  as  last  year. 

Conway,  Massachusetts 

Recent  sales  are:  C.  F.  Elmer,  three 
acres  to  Faulk,  at  ten  cents  in  bundle. 
G.  H.  Johnson  and  W.  R.  Bachelder, 
to  Frank  Jones,  of  Hatfield,  Mass.,  at 
six  cents;  also  the  remainder  of  B.  S. 
Graves  &  Sons'  and  Boyden  Bros. '  crop 
to  James  Day,  at  nine  and  ten  cents. 
Only  a  few  lots  are  left  unsold,  and 
most  of  them  are  going  to  be  assorted. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Bowkcr's  Tobacco  Fertilizers 


have  for  over  twenty  years  been  producing  the  best  and  finest 
cro[)S  of  tobacco  in  the  Connecticut  Valley,  because  they  supply 
the  plant  food  that  is  best  for  tobacco,  and  plenty  of  it  to 
carry  the  crop  through  to  maturity. 


Mr.  B.  N.  Alderman,  East  Granby,  Conn.,  says  :  "  I  am  partial  to  the 
Bowker  Tobacco  Ash  Fertilizer  because  it  acts  very  quickly  and  also 
carries  the  crop  through." 

Another  {jrower  writes  :  "The  Bowker  gfoods  also  show  the  second  year 
which  is  important  in  repeated  use  of  the  same  ground." 


B^^WfiP^li      FERTILIZER     COMPANY, 
W'     W     Im.  JL^  JCX.  TKCiSTCifi  a«ci    fiViMV  YORK. 


220  State  Street,    Hartford,  Conn. 


Tobacco     Stations 

^Vssig'nments     of   Btxreau    of   Soils    Experts    for    the 
Season    of    1Q04 


THE  assignments  of  tobacco  parties 
for  the  work  of  the  several  sta- 
tions under  the  direction  of  the  Bureau 
of  Soils,  U.  S.  Department  of  Agricul- 
ture, during  the  field  season  of  1904, 
are  as  follows: 

HiNSON  Party. --W.  M.  Hiuson, 
with  J.  B.  Stewart,  W.  J.  Wood,  Otto 
Olson,  H.  Weinberg,  and  J.  D.  Butler 
as  assistants,  will  have  charge  of  the 
tobacco  work  in  Texas,  with  head- 
quarters at  Nacogdoches,  Giddings  and 
Crocheti.  J.  B.  Stewart  will  be  as- 
signed to  the  Gidding  station,  and  W. 
J.  Woods  to  the  Crochett  station,  the 
rest  of  the  party  to  make  their  head- 
quarters at  Nacogdoches.  The  experi- 
ments are  to  further  demonstrate 
whether  a  desirable  tiller  tobacco  can 
he  grown  on  Texas  soils,  containing 
the  necessary  Cuban  aroma. 

Massey  Party.—  G.  B.  Massey, 
with  H.  Clark  as  his  assistant,  will 
have  charge  of  the  work  in  Ohio,  with 
headquarters  at,  or  near,  Germantown. 
This  experiment  is  to  further  demon- 
strate the  practicability  of  raising 
Cuban  leaf  on  the  second  bottom  lands 
and  uplands  (Miami  loam),  containing 
the    necessary  Cuban    qualities,  and  to 


introduce  the  bulk  fermentation  of  the 
native  tobacco. 

Ayer  Party. — Louis  Ayer,  with  R. 
S.  Epley  as  his  assistant,  will  have 
charge  of  the  work  in  Alabama,  estab- 
lishing his  headquarters  at  Spratts, 
Perry  County.  This  experiment  is  a 
continuation  of  last  year's  work  in 
Alabama  to  further  demonstrate  the 
practicability  of  raising  the  Cuban  leaf 
under  the  conditions  in  that  section. 

Rich  Party. — Harry  Rich  will 
have  charge  of  the  work  in  South 
Carolina,  with  headquarters  at  St. 
Matthews,  Orangeburg  County.  This 
work  will  be  a  continuation  of  that  of 
last  season,  the  demonstration  of  the 
practicability  of  raising  the  Cuban  leaf 
in  South  Carolina. 

COBEY  Party.  — W.  W.  Cobey  has 
been  as.signed  to  the  Bureau  of  Plant 
Industrj-  and  will  remain  in  the  Con- 
necticut Valley. 

Mathewson  Party.— E.  Mathew- 
son,  with  W.  W.  Green  as  bis  assis- 
tant, will  have  charge  of  the  work  in 
Virginia,  establishing  his  headquarters 
at  Appomattox.  This  experiment  is  to 
demonstrate  tr  the  Virginia  farmers 
that  better  financial  results  will  be  ob- 


tained by  the  judicial  use  of  commer- 
cial fertilizers,  improved  methods  of 
culture,  more  care  exercised  in  hand- 
ling the  crop,  and  other  essential  con- 
ditons  to  the  production  of  profitable 
crops. 

Weinburg  Party. — H.  Weinburg, 
with  three  assistants,  will  have  charge 
of  the  cigar  leaf  packing  house  at  St. 
Louis.  He  will  demonstrate  to  the 
public  the  method  used  by  the  depart- 
ment in  bulk  fermentation,  assorting 
and  packing  cigar  leaf  fillers  and  wrap- 
pers. He  will  also  answer  any  ques- 
tions at^ked  him  by  the  public  pertain- 
ing to  the  handling  of  cigar  leaf. 

McNess.  —  Geo.  T.  McN ess  will  have 
charge  of  the  tobacco  investigations  of 
the  Bureau  of  Soils  under  the  direc- 
tion of  the  chief  of  the  bureau.  Prof. 
Milton  Whitney,  with  headquarters  at 
Washington,  D.  C. 

Tobacco  Quotations 
Prices  in  New    York  are   quoted    as 
follows: 
Wisconsin, 

Havana   Seed,  average...     10 — 15 

Fillers 3—5 

Fine 123^—20 

Connecticut    fillers 4 — 6 

Average  running  lots. .  . .       8 — 35 

Fine  wrappers 50 — 70 

New  York  State  fillers 3—5 

Average  I'unning  lots.  .  . .       5 — 12 

Ohio  Zimmer  Spanish 15 — 10 

Gebhart  B's — 13i^ 

Pennsylvania  fillers 3 — 6 

Average  lots  B's 10 — 14 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Curing    Tobacco 

A    Wisconisiii     Groover's    View^s    on    This 
Important     Subject 


IN  a  paper  read  before  the  Wisconsin 
Tobacco  Growers'  convention,  re- 
cently, on  the  subject  of  '  'Artificial  Heat 
in  Casing  Tobacco,"  S.  B.  Heddles  of 
Janesville,  said:  In  treating  with  the 
subject  of  fermentation  I  only  try  to 
give  you  a  brief  outline  of  the  process 
from  my  own  actual  experience,  and 
will  not  attempt  to  treat  the  subject 
from  a  scientific  standpoint. 

One  of  the  greatest  problems  con- 
fronting the  leaf  tobacco  dealers  in 
Wisconsin  today  is  how  to  care  for 
their  pacKings  in  the  curing  process, 
and  how  to  avoid  the  danger  which 
occurs  to  more  or  less  extent  every  year 
in  going  through  the  natural  curing 
process,  or  which  is  generally  termed 
the  sweat.  In  my  judgment  the 
climatic  condition  has  as  much  to  do 
with  the  curing  of  tobacco  as  it  has 
the  growing  of  it,  and  when  both  are 
favorable  we  have  sound  tobacco.  The 
question  I  have  been  asked  to  treat 
\^ith  is  artificial  heat  in  curing  to- 
bacco. 

This,  I  believe,  is  the  only  safe  way, 
and  the  only  way  known  to  me,  to 
avoid  damage  from  must,  or  even  black 
rot.  But  great  care  must  be  exercised 
in  the  treatment  of  new  tobacco.  In 
order  to  cure  with  artificial  heat  it  is 
necessary  to  equip  our  warehouses  for 
the  work,  which  means  to  put  in  a 
steam  boiler,  pipe  the  building,  and 
make  such  arrangements  so  that  we 
can  maintain  a  reasonable  degree  of 
heat  and  moisture  in  our  curing  rooms 
at  any  or  all  times. 

In  the  treatment  of  cigar  liat 
wrappers  or  binders,  taking  them  as 
they  are  regularly  packed  in  the  sort- 
ing room,  they  should  be  placed  in 
curing  rooms  with  the  temperatuie 
about  60  degrees  Fahrenheit.  At  this 
degree  of  heat  fermentation  will  start 
slowly  and  thereby  avoid  the  danger 
of  giving  the  tobacco  a  fire-sweat  smell. 
The  only  moisture  required  at  this 
period  will  come  from  the  new  tobacco 
in  passing  through  what  is  commonly 
termed  the  water  sweat. 

My  experience  has  been,  where  I 
have  kept  a  hydrometer  in  my  curing 
room  to  ascertain  the  humidity  or 
moisture,  that  it  would  register  at 
about  50  degrees  or  normal.  After 
goods  have  been  in  the  sweat  from 
three  to  four  weeks,  a  greater  degree 
of  heat  can  be  used  without  risk  of 
damaging  goods,  and  as  the  goods 
advance  in  the  sweat  it  will  be  neces- 
sary to  maintain  a  higher  degree  of 
temperature.  I  aim  to  run  my  curing 
room  at  70  to  75  degrees.  And  as  soon 
as  the  summer  season  comes  we  only 
use  artificial  heat  in  the  event  of  cold 
01  damp  rainy  weather.  One  of  the 
greatest  advantages  of  artificial  heat  is 
to  be  able  to  maintain  the  proper 
degree  of  heat  required  for  fermenta- 


tion besides  keeping  our  buildings 
sweet  and  free  from  damp,  or  foul  air,  as 
the  latter  condition  is  sure  to  generate 
must  or  mold.  Good  results  have  been 
obtained  by  me  in  my  experiments  of 
curing  new  tobaccos  by  putting  the 
goods  in  the  curing  room  about  four  to 
five  weeks,  or  until  they  are  partly 
cured,  and  have  shrunk  about  seven  per 
cent.,  then  removing  them  to  other 
storage  above  freezing  point  and  allow 
them  to  finish  in  the  natural  sweat 
during  the  summer  months. 

It  is  conceded  by  nearly  all  that 
proper  fermentation  improves  the 
aroma  and  quality  of  all  tobacco.  But 
the  fad  for  light  wrappers  and  binders 
has  compelled  the  trade  to  throw  upon 
the  market  a  raw  and  uncured  product 
which  they  can  only  obtain  by  light 
packing  and  not  allowing  the  goods  to 
ferment  properly. 

Tobacco  cured  by  artificial  heat, 
when  properly  treated,  has  a  tougher 
fibre,  finer  aroma  and  a  surer  burner 
than  the  natural  sweat  goods. 


Florida     Sumatra     Tobacco     Co. 

The  Florida  Sumatra  Tobacco  Com- 
pany has  been  incorporated  under  the 
laws  of  the  state  of  New  York  by  John 
Murray  and  E.  L.Winant,  of  Brooklyn, 
and  Louis  Leopold,  of  New  York,  with 
a  nominal  capital  ot  |5,000.  The 
officers  will  be  Louis  Leopold,  president 
ai^l  treasurer,  and  E.  L.  Winant,  secre- 
tary. The  company  will  engage  in 
marketing  exclusively  Sumatra  tobacco, 
with  headquarters  at  11  Burling  Slip, 
New  Y'ork. 

Can't    Send     by    Mail 

The  following  countries  prohibit  the 
transit  of  tobacco  through  the  mails: 
Great  Britain— No  packages  of  manu- 
factured tobacco  of  any  kind,  including 
cigars,  cigarettes  and  snuff;  also  pack- 
ages of  unmanufactured  tobacco  which 
exceed  four  ounces,  gross  weight. 
France— No  tobacco  of  any  kind, 
manufactured  or  unmanufactured. 
Italy— No  samples  of  tobacco.  New 
South  Wales— No  samples  of  tobacco 

Ohio    Experimental    Farm 

George  B.  Mas.'^ey,  a  Government 
tobacco  expert,  will  conduct  an  experi- 
mental farm  at  Germantown,  O.,  near 
Dayton,  this  season,  and  will  grow 
Havana  leaf. 


Manufacturer     Dead 

Bondy,    senior    member 


of 
cigar 


Cigar 

Charles  Bondy,  senior 
Bondy  &  Lederer,  New  Y'ork 
manufacturers,  died  recently  of  pneu- 
monia, after  an  illness  of  only  two 
days.  The  business  of  the  firm  will  be 
continued  under  the  management  of 
Emile  C.  Bondy  and  Richard  C.Bondy, 
sons  of  the  deceased. 

Prison     Cigar    Factory 

The  cigar  factory  which  was  run  in 
connection  with  the  Michigan  Peni- 
tentiary until  destroyed  by  fire  some 
weeks  ago.  is  to  be  rebuilt.  Since  the 
fire  a  determined  effort  lias  been  made 
by  the  members  of  the  Cigar  Makers' 
International  Union  and  other  labor 
organizations  to  induce  the  state  of 
Michigan  to  permanently  discontinue 
the  production  of  prison-made  cigars. 
Their  efforts  have  proved  unsuccessful, 
however,  and  Governor  Bliss  and  the 
board  of  state  auditors  have  agreed  to 
an  appropriation  of  $11, 000  for  rebuild- 
ing the  cigar  factory  at  the  Marquette 
prison. 


A  Golden  Rule 
of  Agriculture: 

Be  good  to  your  land  and  j-our  crop 
ivill  be  good.     Plenty  of 

Potash 

in  the  fertilizer  spells  quality  j 
and  quantity  in  the  har- ,  ir.[ 
vest.  Write  us  and  A,|t, 
we  will  send  you,  ^"  ■* 
/ree,  by  next  mail, 
our  money  winning 
i^ooks 

«ERMAN    KALI   WORKS, 

93  Nassau   Street, 

Wew  Vork. 


"Millions  for  Farmers 

"  So  says  Secretary  Wilson,  U.  S.  Dep't  of  Agriculture. 

_m>  n  1^  Exhaustive  Tests  Prove  that  the  Finest  Grade  of 

gJS^CO     CUBAN  LEAF 

HAGTS 


Write  for  Full  lulu 
matioii  to 


Filler  and  Wrapper  Can  be  Grown 
in  East  Texas  on  tlie  Line  of  the 

SOUTHERN     PACIFIC 

Soils  and  Climate  similar  to  famous  Vuelta 
Abajo  District  of  Pinar  Del  Kio,  Cuba. 

T.  J.  ANDERSON,  Gen.  Pass.  Agt.,  Houston,  Texas 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Every    Tobacco    Gro-wer    and 
Every  Farmer  Needs  One 


Fairbanks  Gasolene  Engines 


UTILITY 


DURABILITY 


ECONOMY 


Are  three  of  their  manv  excellent  features.  "A  friend  in  need  is  a  friend 
indeed."  You  can  always  rely  on  the  "Fairbanks."  A  ready  and  willing 
worker.     Let   us   tell    you   more   about    them 


Vertical  I  1-2  to  lO  H.  P. 


our   catalogue    No. 
Horizontal  3  H.  P.  up. 


360. 


Neither  can  you   afford   to   ship  your  product 
without  weighing  it  on  a 


FAIRBANKS     5CALE 

You  will  need  a  truck.     We  have  trucks  in  stock  of  every  description.     Call  and  see  them  at  our 
sales  and  wareroom,    where  you  will  find  a    full   line  of 


MILL      AND      FACTORY 


The  Fairbanks    Company, 


E  S. 


314  (Si,  3IO  Pearl   Street, 


Hartford,  Conn- 


New  York,  N.  Y. 

Alban_v,  N.Y.  Baltimore,  Md.  Buffalo,  N.  Y.         Pittsburg-,  Pa. 

Philadelphia,  Pa.       New  Orleaus,  La.        Montreal,  Que.        Vancouver,  B.C 
Boston,  Mass.  London,  E.  C.  Toronto,  Out. 


Smuggling     Encouraged 

Peculiar  State  of  Affairs  in  Tu.rRey,  'Where 
Tobacco  is  Smuggled 


TURKEY  is  perhaps  the  only  coun- 
try where  smugglers  are  protected 
by  the  government.  A  recent  ttecision 
Ijlaces  them  in  an  exceedingly  good 
position.  In  1884  the  government  gave 
the  Tobacco  Regie  Company  the 
monopoly  of  the  tobacco  business,  for 
which  the  Regie  pays  750,000  Turkish 
pounds  (18,375,000)  a  year  and  a  share 
in  the  profits. 

Every  since  its  establishment  the 
Regie  has  been  trying  to  stop  smuggling 
and  spends  about  250,000  Turkish 
pounds  (11,125,000)  a  year  on  its 
preventive  .service.  The  government 
never  gives  any  assistance,  prohibits 
the  excise  men  from  using  arms  and 
when  they  kill  a  smuggler  prosecutes 
them  for  muider  and  imprisons  them. 

The  reason  for  all  this  is  that  the 
people  are  so  poor  and  discontented 
tnat  the  (government  encourages  them 
to  smuggle,  hoping  by  this  means  to 
keep  them  quiet.  The  last  order  is, 
however,  disgraceful.  It  orders  that 
when  the  Regie  men  discover  smugglers 
they  are  in  no  ca.se  to  attack  or  pur.sue 
them,  but  must  advise  the  gendarmes 
and  if  necessary  the  troops,  who  will 
do  what  is  required.     Of   course,    this 


means  that    the   smugglers    will    have 
ample  time  to  escape. 

Although  the  government  has  a 
direct  share  in  the  profits  of  the  com- 
pany nothing  can  induce  it  to  help  the 
Regie,  although  by  doing  so  it  might 
easily  increase  its  revenues  by  |5,000,- 
000  a  year. 

French     Regie 

The  French  Government  seems  to 
be  contemplating  having  buying  agents 
in  this  country,  after  the  fashion  of 
the  Italian  Regie. 

Consul  Herrmann  received  word 
Jecently  that  two  commissioners  of  the 
French  Government  would  soon  be  in 
this  country  for  the  purpose  of  pur- 
chasing tobacco  for  tliat  government. 
These  commissioners  will  have  power 
to  contract  for  and  buy  any  amount  of 
tobacco  they  think  will  be  useful  to 
their  government,  and  if  the  venture 
proves  successful  it  is  likely  a  per- 
manent agent  will  be  located  in  this 
country. 

Heretofore  an  annual  contract  has 
been  let,  open  to  all  bidders  upon 
sample,  and  the  tobacco  was  bought  in 
the  open    market*  through   brokers   in 


the  various  markets.  The  appoint- 
ment of  the  commissioners  may  mean 
the  abandonment  of  that  plan. 

Settlement    Expected 

It  is  reported  that  Sutter  Bros,  have 
practically  effected  a  settlement  with 
their  creditor.s.  A  few  small  accounts 
which  are  still  out  are  expected  to  be 
adjusted  in  a  few  days. 


HAND 
STEAM 
OR 
POWER 


PUMPS 


For  Fac- 
tories or 
Pi'ivate 
Use. 


FAIRBANKS-MORSE 

Gasoline  Engines 

fr.iiii  1^.  to  7;>  llorsc  I'l.wer  for  all  services. 

Special  Pumping  Enginesm 

PULLEYS,  SHAFTING  AND  BELTING 

for  power  Equipinent  of  Fuetnries  aiui  Mills. 

WINDMILLS,  TANKS 

AND  TOWERS, 

Pipe,  Fittings  and  Hose. 

In  writing  for  (.'at:ilogue  jtlease  specify  which 
one  yon  want. 
We  niclke  a  speoialty  of  "^A^ater  Supply  Out- 
fits for  Country  Estates. 

CHARLES  J.  JAGER  COMPANY, 

174  HIGH  ST.,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


\7Bhe  NEW  England] 

IToBACCo  Grower] 

Published  monthly  by 
Tobacco    Grower  Publishing    Co. 

S3    Trumbull  street, 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Building 

Hartford,      Connecticut. 

Subscription,  One  Dollar  a  Year. 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy. 

Official  Journal  of  The  New  England 
Tobacco  Growers'  Association. 

PAUL      ACKER-LY,  ^ditor 


Entered  at  llie  Hartford  Post-Office  as   Second 
Class  mail  matter. 


the  best  accounts,  and  as  Cuba  has  not 
produced  a  really  good  crop  for  about 
ten  yeais,  the  Island  manufacturers 
are  planning  to  lay  in  large  stocks  of 
leaf  this  year  against  future  famine. 
The  Connecticut  shade-grown  Cuban 
will  not,  therefore,  have  much  to  fear 
from  an  excess  of  wrappei  from  Cuba. 
And  as  a  big  crop  on  the  Island  means 
lots  of  tillers,  there  should  be  available 
the  material  for  many  more  cigars  of 
high  grade,  requiring  New  England- 
grown  wrappers. 


The  growing  and  packing  of  any 
crop  of  so  great  value  as  thin,  high 
yielding  wrapper,  is  something  that 
requires  an  individuality  and  charac- 
ter in  the  handling  and  packing  of  the 
goods.  To  determine  wherein  is  com- 
monness, and  wherein  is  character; 
wherein  is  economy  and  wherein  is 
wasteful  saving  of  proper  expense,— 
these  are  problems  that  require  close 
consideration  and  study. 


THE    OPENING    SEASON 

WITH  an  acreage  about  stationary. 
New   England's    tobacco-grow- 
ing towns   set  at  work   the   operations 
necessary    for    producing    the   crop   of 
1904.      With  a  good  crop   this  year  the 
market    will    still  be   ready  to    absorb 
every   pound,  for  the   consumption    of 
cigar   tobacco  is  ever   on  the  increase, 
and    the   price     cutting   in    the    retail 
cigar  trade  the  past  two  years  is  afford- 
ing  a  harvest  of   many   new    converts 
from  the  pipe  and   cigarette,  attracted 
by  the  low  prices  of  many  cigars. 

That  cut-price  cigars  must  neces- 
sarily be  cheaply  made,  and  the  leaf 
contained  therein  be  cheaply  bought, 
goes  without  saying.  Yet  if  the 
cheaper  grades  of  leaf  are  worked  up 
rapidly  in  this  fashion,  there  is  still 
greater   demand  for   the  better  quality 

of  goods. 

As  to  foreign  competition:    The  im- 
ported   Sumatra  has  a    place  which    it 
continues   to  fill,  and  the  shade-grown 
Sumatra  is  working  up  a  new  place  of 
its  own,— a  place  the  more  satisfactory 
since  it    will  be  a    permanent   demand 
for   this   particular  leaf     on   its  own 
merits,  and  not  a  mere  substitute  for  a 
foreign  leaf  which  is  subject  to  foreign 
influences  and   fluctuations.     Going  on 
cigars  of  similar  make,  it  will   still  be 
regarded    as   a    distinct    tobacco,    and 
should    there  be  a  fall   in  the  price    of 
the  imported,  the  shade-grown    Suma- 
tra will   be  unaftected    or  at  the  most, 
very  little,  in  sympathy. 

The  Island  Cuban  crop  now  in  the 
sheds  and  warehouses  is  a  large  one; 
one  of  the  largest  overproduced;  but 
it  is  not  without  its  defects  and  dam- 
age  in    many    instances,  according   to 


THE    ONE    CROP 

T  ITTLE  else  in  agriculture  pos- 
'-^  sesse.s  just  the  charm  that  is  at- 
tached to  the  cultivation  of  tobacco. 
Independent  and  saucy  by  nature,  the 
growing  crop  is  a  thing  to  admire,  to 
admonish  sometimes,  to  correct  and  to 
coax,  and  always  to  care  for  most  zeal- 
ously. 

What   other  crop   demands    just    the 
attention  to  details  as  wrapper  tobacco'f 
Other  plants   are  grown   for  the   fruit, 
this   for   the    foliage;  other    crops   for 
sustenance,  this    for    mute   sympathy; 
other  crops  for  the  fashioning  of  things 
feminine,  this  for  the  masculine  fancy. 
Fruits  to    be  eaten,  fodder  to  be  fed, 
grains  to   be  ground    and  transformed, 
roots   to  be  dug  and  boiled;   but  for  to- 
bacco the  fate  of  burning  at  the  stake. 
Other  crops  produce  that  whicb  is  made 
into    fabrics,  oils   that  are  used    in  the 
arts,  extracts  that  are  a  part  of   chem- 
istry; but   tobacco:   it    is  frankincense 
to   a    world    grown    more    industrious 
than  pious.     It    is  turned  to  ashes  and 
smoke,  and  is  gone.     Only  the  memory 
remains,   and    that   the    memory    of   a 
thing    intangible,    uneuumerated,    un- 
pictnied,  —  yet   sympathetic    and    not 
without  personality. 


ECONOMY    OR    OTHERWISE 

A  DIFFERENCE  of  opinion  ex- 
ists among  the  growers  of  to- 
bacco under  cloth  as  to  the  degree  of 
economy  which  can  be  practised  in  the 
warehouse  To  handle  a  crop  which 
enters  the  market  as  a  substitute  for 
the  imported  Cuban  and  Sumatra 
wrappers,  is  an  operation  which  calls 
for  tine  judgment  and  a  proper  realiza- 
tion of  the  point  where  economy's 
limit  is  marked. 

The  tobacco  grower  must  to  a  great 
extent  take  the  market  as  he  finds  it, 
and  if  it  happens  that  the  market  de- 
mands the  foreign  style  of  packing,  it 
is  not  easy  to  satisfy  it  with  a  make- 
shift approach  to  the  foreign  styles,  or 
a  mere  modification  of  the  methods  of 
warehousing  outside  tobacco. 


Mid-March  Market 

New  York. 
There  was  some  little  stir  in  Wiscon- 
sin tobaccos  the  miidle  of  the  month. 
Several  hundred  cases  were  sold,  in- 
cluding 1902  Broad  leaf  biudei-s  and 
1901  and  1903  Havana  Seed  B's.  A 
few  more  cases  of  the  new  i:orce 
sweated  Connecticut  were  received  in 
the  market  and  promptly  disposed  of. 

Sumatra.— Business   was  slow  dur- 
ing  the    past    week.     All  eyes  are  fas- 
tened on  Amsterdam,  and   tips  on    the 
new    crop  have    been  coming  in  daily, 
since  Monday,  the  first  inspection  day. 
As  usual,  the   advance  reports  are  very 
unfavorable;  in    fact,    this    year    they 
exceptionally    uncomplimentarv.      ihe 
fact  that  (contrary  to  other    years)  ex- 
treme  secrecy  has  been    maintained  in 
Amsterdam    as  to  what   was   expected 
of    the  new  crop,  has   given  rise  to  the 
logical  conclusion  that  the  tobacco  was 
not    up  to   the    usual   standard.      Ihat 
the  crop   runs  largely  to  short    tobacco 
is  generally  admitted. 

The  classifications  on  arrival  in  Am- 
sterdam showed  that  theie  is  a  very 
large  proportion  of  seconds  and  thirds 
as  against  a  very  small  proportion  of 
firsts  If  our  buyers  in  Amsterdam  act 
in'  line  with  the  reports  they  have 
cabled  here  this  week,  there  will  be 
less  tobacco  bought  for  America  on 
Friday  than  is  usual  at  the  first  sale. 

Havana.— Old    Santa   Claras    con- 
tinue to   hold  the  centre  of    the  stage 
and    several  hundred    bales  were    sold 
during  the  week.     The  Havana  market 
generally  showed  some  revival. 

Sutter  Bros.'  Settlement  Offer 
The  first  meeting  of    the  creditors  of 
Sutter  Brothers    was    held    in  Chicago 
March  15.     Tne  information  given  out 
was  to  the  effect  that  tbe  total  net  lia- 
bilities of  the  house  are  about  H.-^""." 
000,  and  the  net  available  assets  jn  the 
hands  of    the  receivers  about  $410,000, 
out    of    which  latter    sum    must   come 
the  fees  for  conducting   the  estatt3  dur- 
ing the  receivershii).     A  proposition  ot 
settlement  was  .shown,  offeiing  ten  per 
cent,  in  cash   and    unsecured  notes   foi 
five  per  cent,  in  tliree  months,  and  h\e 
per   cent,  in  six    months,  and    fave  per 
cent,  in  nine   months,  or   a  total  divi- 
aeml  of   twenty-five  pel    cent,  in    tu   • 
It  was  stated  by  those  in  authority  that 
over   ninety    per  cent,  of   the   amount 
and    number  of    claims   against  Suttei 
Bros,  had    signified    acceptance  or  th,^ 
offer,  and  it  was  hoped  that    all  wo   Id 

be  induced  to  come  in.  No  tuithei 
business  was  transacted,  antl  the  nieet- 
ing    was   adjoui'ned    until    ApiU   ■). 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Recent 


Tobacco  Culture 

Experiments       Made      by      Dr.      Trobtit      in 
Algeria 


Coni littiid Jioin  p"g>'  I 

different  causes;  to  selection  of 
late  varieties;  although  this  is 
almost  a  heresy  in  the  cultivation 
of  tobacco.  I  do  not  hesitate  to 
affirm  that  in  the  same  soil  and  under 
the  same  conditions  of  cultivation  cer- 
tain races  show  themselves  more  com- 
bustible than  others.  That  is  to  say 
that  those  races  preserve  this  advan- 
tage even  when  they  are  placed  in  poor 
soil,  such  as  slightly  alkaline  soils. 
Suitable  drainage,  permitting  the  rain 
■water  to  most  easily  wash  away  the 
chlorides  of  the  ariable  layers  of  the 
soil,  favors  combustibility,  under  the 
opposite  conditions  the  upper  currents 
of  water  stands  and  evaporates,  thus 
leaving  in  the  surface  soils  harmful 
salts.  A  large  amount  of  humus  in 
the  soil  is  an  important  condition  for 
good  combustibility.  A  preliminary 
experiment,  has  shown  in  part  that  the 
carbonate  of  potash  is  superior  to  the 
sulphate  or  nitrate.  In  this  experi- 
ment comparing  the  carbonate  with 
the  sulphate  and  nitrate  of  potash, 
and  sulphate  of  ammonia,  only  the 
parts  receiving  pure  carbonate  of 
potash  gave  leaves  that  -were  nicely 
combustible. 

Irrigation  increases  the  number  of 
leaves,  brt  if  carried  to  excess  injures 
the  quality  of  the  tobacco. 

A  good  illustration  of  this  fact  is 
the  case  of  the  tobacco  grown  on  the 
plains  of  the  Mitidja,  the  greatest  cen- 
ter of  tobacco  cultivation  in  Algeria, 
where  they  have  two  kinds  of  tobacco, 
that  of  the  eastern  and  that  of  the 
western  Mitidja.  In  the  latter  region 
where  irrigation  is  not  practiced  the 
better  qualities  of  tobacco  are  found, 
while  the  tobaccos  of  the  western 
region,  where  irrigation  is  employed, 
are  of  less  value. 

Particular  emphasis  is  laid  upon  the 
fact,  that  although  the  soil  and  culti- 
vation play  an  important  part  in  de- 
termining the  quality  of  the  tobacco, 
the  manner  of  harvest,  curing  and 
fermentation  are  very  important.  As 
is  a  well  known  fact,  the  methods  of 
gathering  and  handling  the  crop  affect, 
most  decidedly,  the  color  of  the  leaves, 
there  is  little  doubt  but  that  there  is 
almost  an  e(iually  important  influence 
upon  the  quality,  particularly  the  com- 
bustibility and  the  aroma  of  the  leaves. 
The  effect  of  green  manure  was  very 
marked,  the  quantity  and  quality  of 
tobacco  being  greatly  augmented  by 
their  use.  The  two  plants  used  tor 
green  manure  in  these  experiments 
were  the  horse  bean  and  fennel  grass. 
The  fennel  grass  was  sown  very  early 
and  obtained  considerable  size  before 
it  was  plowed  under.  When  the  to- 
bacco stalks  are  cut  down  after  har- 
vest, they  are  immediately  plowed 
under  and  buried  to  a  good  depth.  As 
soon   as  possible   the  fennel  grass   and 


hoise  beau  is  sown.  These  plants 
develop  rapidly  and  after  three  minutes 
of  growth  produced  about  45  tons  of 
green  manure  per  hectore. 

SELECTION  OF  YOUNG  PLANTS  IN  THE 
SEED-BED. 

One  of  the  important  resuUs  of  the 
work  of  Dr.  Trobut  has  been  his  study 
of  the  effect  of  selecticm  of  young 
plants  in  the  seed  bed  upon  their  yield 
and  quality  of  the  mature  plants.  He 
found  that  by  an  examination  of  the 
young  plants  in  the  seed  bed  it  was 
possib'e  to  tell  from  the  variation 
among  the  young  plants,  the  individ- 
uals which  were  most  desirable  for  use, 
and  should  be  reserved  tor  planting. 
He  selected  those  young  plants  in 
which  the  side  veins  are  at  regular 
right  angles  to  the  midribs  of  the 
leaves.  The  plants  having  irregular 
veins,  or  other  undesirable  characteris- 
tics of  leaves  were  discarded  as  he 
found  that  such  plants  did  not  develop 
good  plants  in  the  field.  He  concludes 
that  it  IS  perfectly  practicable  for  the 
grower  to  study  the  young  plants  in 
the  seed-bed,  and  from  this  examina- 
tion weed  out  the  unprofitable  types  of 
plants.  This  point  can  well  be  taken 
into  consideration  by  every  grower, 
and  by  following  these  injunctions 
secure  the  best  plants  for  growing  in 
the  field. 

The  greatest  value  of  these  experi- 
ments is  the  emphasis  laid  upon 
the  value  of  good  seed.  There 
is  no  more  important  factor  in  the 
production  of  the  crop,  and  up  to 
this  time  little  attention  has  been  paid 
to  its  real  importance.  A  good  crop 
cannot  be  produced  from  poor  seed,  no 
matter  how  much  labor  and  expense  is 
given  to  the  growing  of  the  crop.  On 
the  other  hand  careful  seed  selection, 
and  the  securing  of  improved  types 
and  races  of  tobacco  by  hybridization, 
mean  increased  profits  with  little  or  no 
extra  expenditure  on  the  part  of  the 
grower.  In  view  of  the  large  acreage 
which  a  small  amount  of  seed  will 
plant,  it  seems  that  there  is  no  crop  in 
which  practical  results  can  be  obtained 
so  sure  and  with  such  widespread  bene- 
ficial results,  as  in  the  case  of  to- 
bacco. Heretofore  growers  have  al- 
lowed the  matter  to  work  out  for  itself, 
making  no  direct  effort  to  produce 
desired  types,  races  or  uniformity  of 
quality  and  quantity  of  tobacco,  but 
the  time  has  come  as  in  the  case  of 
other  crops,  when  it  is  possible  to  de- 
cide upon  the  type  desired,  and  by  fol- 
lowing the  laws  of  selection  and  cross- 
ing, produce  the  desired  kind  of  to- 
bacco. 

Enfield  Street 

Mrs.    Eager   has  sold  her   tobacco  to 
Ludaman. 


Hillstown 

Tobacco  assorting  is   about  finished. 
Nearly  all   have  delivered   their  crops 
A    few  will   pack    their   tobacco.     All 
indications   point    to   about   the   same 
acreage  as  last  year. 

No  preparations    have  been    made  at 
this   writing    towards     planting    seed- 
beds, owing  to  the  late  season. 
Melrose 

The  eighty-acre  tobacco  and  stock 
farm  belonging  to  the  estate  of  the  late 
George  A.  Allen  of  Springfield,  was 
sold  at  public  auction  March  2o  to 
Mr.  Allen's  oldest  son  for  ^4,000. 
To  Secure  Better  Prices 

Farmers  of  Fulton  county.  Ken- 
tucky, are  organizing  clubs  the  mem- 
bers of  which  pledge  themselves  to 
hold  on  to  their  tobacco  until  more 
than  the  prices  now  offered,  %'A  to  $5 
per  hundred,  can  be  secured.  Last 
year's  average  price  was  about  $7. 50. 

London    Leaf    Trade 

A  London  report  says  that  there  was 
rather  more  demand  for  North  Ameri- 
can tobaccos  during  the  past  month, 
which  resulted  in  a  few  small  sales  be- 
ing effected. 

The  January  imports  were  1,'208 
hhds. ;  deliveries,  1,220  hhds.,  present 
stock  being  80,311  hhds.,  against  37,- 
yOl  in  1903;  36.276  in  1902;  39,045  in 
1901;  24,931  in  1900,  and  26,773  in 
1899. 

Japan,  China,  Greek,  Latakia,  Tur- 
key, Java. — Substitutes  weie  not  much 
dealt  in. 

Negrohead  and  Cavendish.— But 
little  fluctuation. 

New  England  Tobacco 
Growers'    Association. 

President 
EDMVND  HJtLLMDJiY,  Suffield,  Conn. 

Vice-President 

THJiDDEUS   GRMVES,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer 

PMVL  MCKERLT,  RockuUle,   Conn. 

Office 

S3    Trumbull    Street,    Hartford,    Conn. 


Directors. 

Wm.  F.  Andross,  South  Windsor,  Oonn. 
Joseph  H.  Pierce,  Enfield,  Conn. 
M.  W.  Frisbie,   Southington,  Conn. 
William  S.  Pinney,  SufBeld,  Conn. 
H.  W.  Alford,   Poquouock,  Conn. 
Colouel  E.  N.  Phelps,    Windsor,  Conn. 

B.  M.  Warner,    Hatfield,   Mass. 
F.  K.  Porter,  Hatfield,  Mass. 
Albert  Hurd,  North  Hadley,  Mass. 
J.  C.  Carl,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Hubbard,  Sunderland,  Mass. 
W.  H.  Porter,   Agawam,   Mass. 
Lyman  A.  Crafts,  East  Whately,  Mass. 
James  S   Forbes,  Burnside,  Conn. 
George  O.  Eno,  Simsbury,  Conn. 

W.  E.  Burbank,  Suffleld,  Conn. 
E.  O.  Hills,  Southwick,  Mass. 
James  Morgan,   Hartford,  Conn. 
H.  Austin,  Suflield,   Conn. 
Charles  H.  Ashley,  Deerfield,  Mass 
H.  S.  Frye,  Poquonock,  Conn. 


10 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


vSumatra     Smuggling 

Reported  1  Operations     of     an     Organized     Gang     in 
New    YorR     City 


OFFICIALS  of  the  United  States 
Treasurj'  Department  wUose  duty- 
it  is  to  break  up  smuggling  at  the  port 
of  New  York  are  congratulating  them- 
selves on  the  encouraging  start  they 
have  made  in  extirpating  one  of  the 
boldest  and  most  persistent  bands  ever 
organized  to  help  deplete  the  revenues 
and  line  their  own  pockets.  The 
specialty  of  the  band  has  been,  and 
still  is  in  a  more  limited  way,  the 
bringing  in  of  Sumatra  leaf  wrappers, 
chiefly  fiom  Rotterdam  and  Antwerp. 

Fifty  smugglers  have  been  caught 
within  the  last  six  months,  and  there 
have  been  nearly  H)()  seizures.  Nearly 
all  the  men  convicted,  chiefly  because 
they  were  caught  with  the  goods  on, 
have  received  sentences  of  three  mouths 
in  Ludlow  Street  Jail. 

They  have  taken  their  punishment 
with  an  equanimity  bordering  on  cheer- 
fulness and  even  hilarity,  for  tney 
receive  while  behind  bars,  from  their 
shipmates  in  the  land  and  certain  east 
siae  tobacco  dealers,  the  same  wages 
they  get  aboard  ship  while  at  sea. 

Members  of  the  band,  usually  fire- 
men or  seamen,  buy  the  tobacco  in 
packages  containing  one  kilogram,  or 
about  two  and  a  fifth  pounds,  for  which 
they  pay  at  Antwerp  or  Rotterdam, 
about  |1.  The  duty  on  a  pound  of 
Sumatra  wrapper  is  $1.85.  The 
smuggler  sells  it  to  the  small  east  side 
dealer  for  $2  a  pound. 

Ten  kilos  may  be  concealed  about 
the  clothing  without  attracting  atten- 
tion, if  it  is  stowed  properly.  Thus  a 
successful  smuggler  may  make,  if  he 
sells  directly  to  the  dealer,  more  than 
$30  in  one  trip  ashore. 

He  and  his  confederates  hide  the 
tobacco  usually  in  the  coal  bunkers  or 
in  secret  places  of  their  berths.  They 
make  trips  to  the  dealeis  or  intermedi- 
aries until  their  stoie  of  plunder  is 
exhausted. 

The  intermediary  is  generally  a 
saloonkeeper.  The  cautious  dealer 
who  buys  the  smuggled  goods  insists 
on  having  no  direct  delivery  from  the 
smuggler.  In  this  case  the  saloon  man 
gets  a  share  of  the  money. 

The  tobacco  is  taken  to  the  saloon, 
and  the  smuggler  hands  the  saloon- 
keeper one  part  of  a  piece  of  ordinary 
paper,  torn  irregularly.  He  sends  or 
takes  the  other  part  to  the  dealer,  who 
later  presents  it  to  the  saloonkeeper. 
After  seeing  that  the  two  parts  fit,  the 
saloonkeeper  turns  over  the  goods  to 
the  dealer. 

The  band  has  its  headquarters  at 
Antwerp.  It  is  to  the  interest  of  the 
lines  on  whose  steamships  the  tobacco 
is  smuggled  to  have  the  smuggling 
stopped,  because  of  the  inconvenience 
the  lines  incur  in  the  search  for 
smuggled  goods,  and  the  depletion  of 
crews  due  to  arrests. 


The  larger  part  of  the  smuggling  is 
done  b}'  stokers.  The  tobacco,  in  large 
bags  and  boxes,  is  hidden  in  the 
bottoms  of  coal  bunkers. 

Agents  of  Uncle  Sam  at  Rotterdam 
and  Antwerp  have  had  but  little 
troirble  in  getting  information  about 
this  wholesale  method  of  the  band. 
They  notify  the  Treasury  Department 
that  the  stuff  is  coming  on  a  certain 
ship,  and  Special  Agent  Curtis  and  his 
men  then  have  the  dithcult  job  of 
catching  the  smugglers  as  well  as  seiz- 
ing the  tobacco. 

Suspecting  surveillance,  the  smug- 
glers sometimes  do  not  attempt  to 
laird  the  goods,  which  are  then  dug  out 
of  the  coal,  and  taken  to  the  i)ublic 
stores  and  turned  over  to  Col.  J.  Henry 
Story.  The  smugglers  are  ready  to 
take  risks,  because  the}'  know  they  will 
be  looked  after  when  arrested. 

A  boatman  willing  to  take  a  night 
job  for  a  large  fee  from  almost  any 
man  may  be  readily  found  in  the 
waters  hereabout.  All  that  the  boat- 
man insists  oir  is  that  he  doesir't  know 
who  the  man  is  who  employs  him  and 
hasn't  the  remotest  idea  what  the  man 
may  be  doing  alongside  a  liner  in  the 
night. 

Once,  at  least,  the  particular  boat- 
man selected  by  the  smugglers  had  a 
ccmscience,  or  perhaps  a  friend  among 
the  customs  inspectors.  He  was  to  be 
in  his  boat  one  night  alongside  a  barge 
from  which  a  liner  had  been  receiving 
her  coal. 

The  smugglers,  who  had  transferred 
about  1,000  pounds  of  tobacco  through 
the  ship's  coal  ports  to  the  barge,  were 
on  hand.  A  boat  glided  stealthily  into 
the  .shadow  of  the  barge.  Signals  were 
exchanged,  and  then,  after  bag  upon 
bag  had  been  lowered  into  the  boat,  it 
stole  away. 

A  few  minutes  later  the  smugglers 
found  themselves  in  charge  of  agent 
Curtis'  men.  The  boat  was  manned 
by  a  nautical  cop  from  the  police  boat 
Patrol. 

The  captain  of  a  liner  docking  at 
Hoboken  put  into  Newport  News  to 
replenish  his  bunkers  after  a  stormy 
trip  from  Antwerp,  during  which  he 
was  forced  out  of  his  course.  His 
fireman  used  much  coal  on  the  trip  up 
from  the  Virignia  Capes. 

The  chief  engineer  suspected  that  he 
had  received  short  weight  at  Newport 
News,  and  went  down  into  the  bunkers 
to  make  measurements.  He  came 
across  a  70-pound  bag  of  tobacco,  and 
at  fir.st  swore  roundly,  thinking  that  it 
was  a  cheap  substitute  for  coal. 

He  .soon  found  out  that  it  wasn't, 
and  told  the  captain,  who  informed  the 
customs  officer.s.  The  local  agent  of 
the  line  put  twenty-two  men  at  work 
turning  over  the  coal  in  the  bunkers, 
and  they  mined  700  pounds  of  Sumatra 


leaf.  This  is  not  the  only  accidental 
discovery  of  smuggled  stutf  secreted  in 
coal. 

The  confiscated  tobacco  at  the 
periodical  sales  in  the  seizure  room  at 
641  Washington  street,  seldom  brings 
more  than  the  duty  of  ^l.Srj  a  pound. 
Usually  only  the  large  dealers  bid  cm 
it,  aird  they  form  a  comoination  to 
keep  the  price  down. 

Formerly  the  Sumatra  leaf,  and  in 
fact  all  other  tobacco,  like  other  seized 
goods,  was  kept  a  long  time  before 
being  sold.  It  deteriorated  so  much 
that  it  then  brought  little  more  than 
half  the  duty.  Now  it  is  sold  as  soon 
as  possible  after  seizure,  and  always  is 
in  good  or  fair  condition. 

The  combination  that  buys  the  to- 
bacco cannot  be,  or  at  least  never  has 
been,  outwitted.  It  sets  the  price,  and 
nobody  bids  above  it.  Once  in  a  while 
a  dealer  not  in  the  combination  will 
begin  bidding. 

Immediately  one  of  the  combination 
will  go  to  him  and  ask  him  how  much 
tobacco  he  wants.  He  will  name  the 
quantity,  and  his  questioner  will  say: 

"Well,  you  can  have  it  at  the  price 
you  want  to  pay.  We  are  going  to  buy 
the  lot." 

The  ambitious  bidder  gets  what  he 
is  after  and  goes  away  satisfied.  It 
will  be  seen  that  the  tobacco  bought 
in  strict  accordance  with  law  by  the 
combination  at  the  seizure  sales  some- 
times brings  less  than  that  sold  by  the 
smugglers. 


S.iFE   STE.iM    EnC.IN'E 

ANNO  UN  CEMENT 


WE  liavi-  just  pl.iced  on  s.ile  in 
iliE-  new  store  of  E.  U.  Den.s- 
low,  218  Stale  Street,  Hartford, 
Conn.,  a  full  line  of  up-to-date 
farm  machinery.  We  make  a  spe- 
cialty of  Steam,  Gas  and  Gaso- 
lene Entrines,  and  every  courtesy 
will  be  extended  by  Mr.  Denslow 
to  those  who  are  looking  for  any- 
thinjf  in  lliis  li"'"' 

THE     B.     L.      BRAGG     CO. 

Springfield,  Massachusetts 


I.  GoldsmitK  ®.  Co., 

TOBACCO 
BROKERS 

208  SheMon  Street,   Hartford,  Conn. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


II 


E^ssex  vSpecial  Tobacco 

Manure 

and 

Tobacco 

Starter 


LTHOUGH  the  prices  of  chemicals  have  ad- 
vanced very  much  during  the  past  season,  we 
guarantee  to  keep  the  analysei  of  all  the  high- 
grade  Essex  Specials  fully  up  to  the  high  stand- 
ard of  preceding  years. CThe  Growers  that  use  our  to- 
bacco goods  are  among  the  most  successful  raisers  in 
the  Valley,  getting  good  weight  and  a  large  percentage 
of  light  goods  in  all  seasons.  CRuy  our  Tobacco 
Starter  for  your  seed-beds,  your  plants  will  be  from  ten 
days  to  two  weeks  earlier  than  those  grown  on  any  other 
formula. CSend  for  our  1904  Catalogue. 


RUvSSIA  CEMENT  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS      £/    j£f    jSf     £f    £f    JZf 

GLOUCESTER,  ^MASS. 


E.    B.  KIBBE,    General   Agent,    Box    752,  Hartford,   Conn. 


Canadian    Travels 

Cuban    Tobacco    Often    Goes     From    the     United 
States    and    TKen     Returns 


THE  only  question  of  consequence 
which  has  arisen  in  Philadelphia, 
according  to  the  Tobacco  World,  in 
connection  with  the  reduction  of  duty 
on  Havana  tobacco  has  been  settled  in 
a  manner  very  satisfactory  to  the  deal- 
ers who  owned  the  tobacco  concerning 
which  it  was  raised. 

The  tobacco  involved  had  been  sent 
to  Canada  in  bond  while  the  tariff  was 
3.5  cents  a  pound  and  had  been  brought 
back  after  the  reduction  to  28  cent.s. 

The  practice  of  sending  tobacco  out 
of  the  country  and  bringing  it  back  is 
very  freauently  followed  by  dealers  in 
New  York,  where  the  accumulations 
of  tobacco  in  government  warehouses 
are  the  largest  in  the  country,  and  is 
liracticed  occasionally  by  Philadelphia 
leaf  dealers. 

There  are  two  reasons  for  such  trans- 
portation. Title  to  tobacco  in  bond 
cannot  be  transferred  without  payment 
of  duty,  except  where  the  tobacco  is 
entered  as  a  new  importation.  So,  if 
an  importer  wants  to  transfer  title  to  a 
jobber  without  payment  of  duty  he 
has  to  ship  the  tobacco  out  of  the 
country,  in  which  case  it  can  be 
brought  back  in  the  name  of  the 
jobber;  and    then  the    ownership    will 


have  passed  without  payment  of  duty. 
Another  object  in  sending  tobacco 
acro.ss  the  boundary  line  of  the  United 
States  and  returning  it  to  this  country 
is  to  secure  an  additional  three  years 
bonded  wareliouse  privilege.  When 
tobacco  has  been  in  bond  three  j-ears, 
it  has  to  be  withdrawn,  but  the  with- 
drawal can  be  followed  by  a  re-entry 
of  the  same  tobacco,  if  it  is  actually 
brought  into  this  country  again,  and, 
in  that  case,  duty  need  not  be  paid 
until  six  years  after  the  original  entry. 
A  Philadelphia  firm,  which  had  con- 
siderable Havana  tobacco  in  Canada 
when  the  new  rate  of  duty  took  effect, 
feared  that  on  its  return  it  would  be 
entered  under  the  35  cent  rate,  but 
was  agreeably  surprised  by  the  ruling 
that  the  28-cent  rate  would  be  opera- 
tive, the  same  as  if  the  goods  had  just 
come  from  Cuba. 

Largest  in  the  World 
The  American  Cigar  Company  has 
opened  its  assorting  plant  at  Sparta, 
Wisconsin,  which  is  the  largest  sorting 
tobacco  plant  in  the  world.  With  a 
force  of  1,000  hands  it  can  handle 
.50,000  pounds  per  day.  The  plant 
has  a  floor  space  of  100,000  square 
feet. 


Jtmherst 

Buyers  have  visited  this  section  of 
late  and  bought  most  of  the  1903  crop. 
The  prices  paid  have  been  exceptionally 
low. 


PAY    BY    CHECK 

Women  who  have  charge  of 
household  accounts  find  paying 
bills  by  check  both  convenient 
and  systematic. 

This  Bank  has  many  women 
depositors.  We  will  be  pleased 
to  offer  advice  and  assistance  to 
any  woman  desiring  to  open  an 
account. 


Joseph  MftiNa   7"-=J!Jr.^^  William  J  Dixon, 
,  President  --  ■     ^""'-  Cashier,  , 

APPOSITE      ononSAi..     C-rocc-r     MAfTFORO, 

.CITY  HALL  803  MAIN  oTREET,  .cow.. 


12 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


The     Cuban     Crop 

Large    and     Promisiiig,     b»»t     Harvested     and 
Cured     Under     Difficulties 


Pinar  del  Rio. 

CUBA  this  season  presents  the 
spectacle  of  a  splendid  tobacco 
crop,  raised  and  harvested  under  con- 
ditions which  are  bound  to  result  in 
disappointment  to  the  majority  of  the 
growers.  The  crop  now  in  the  course 
of  harvesting  is  of  large  growth  and 
fine  leaves,  and  it  promises  to  cure 
well  and  bring  good  prices.  But  the 
very  size  of  the  crop  itself  has  led  to 
necessary  expenditures  on  the  part  of 
the  farmer  that  he  may  not,  under  the 
Cuban  system,  be  able  to  get  back. 

The  crop  is  very  heavy,  the  heaviest 
in  many  years,  with  great  acreage  and 
large  yield— veteran  farmers  say  it  is 
the  largest  yield  they  have  ever  seen 
in  the  past  fifty  years.  Certain  it  is 
that  the  crop  has  found  the  tobacco- 
growing  sections  with  scarcely  more 
than  half  the  shed-room  sufficient  to 
hang  the  crop  of  1903-4.  For  Havana's 
outskirts  down  to  the  most  remote 
section  of  Pinar  del  Rio,  down  in  the 
Guanahacabibes  country  west  of  the 
Sabao,  may  be  seen  farmers  hanging 
tobacco  on  the  verandas,  filling  tlieir 
houses  and  camping  out-doors,  build- 
ing now  sheds  from  the  scanty 
materials  obtainable,  trying  to  cure 
the  leaf  under  palm  leaves  laid  across 
low  hurdles  in  the  field,  — all  trying 
to  piece  out  the  accommodations 
demanded  by  the  notable  growth  of 
leaf. 

Scarcity  of  shed-room  is  also  accom- 
panied by  a  scarcity  of  the  sticks 
(cujes)  upon  which  the  tobacco  is 
hung.  These  sticks,  which  are  cut 
about  twelve  or  thirteen  feet  long,  are 
hard  to  obtain  in  most  of  the  tobacco- 
growing  sections  at  any  time;  but  it  is 
especially  difficult  and  expensive  to 
get  them  this  year,  when  the  demand 
is  so  general  for  these  sticks,  which 
take  the  place  of  the  laths  used  in  the 
States. 

To  help  out  the  situation,  the  West- 
ern Railway  has  made  a  rate  of  |12  a 
carload  for  hauling  sticks  to  the  to- 
bacco sections,  but  so  bad  are  the  roads 
and  so  slow  the  transportation  by  ox- 
cart that  the  grower  whose  farm  is 
situated  six  or  eight  miles  from  the 
station  has  often  to  pay  as  much  as 
|.50  a  carload  for  the  carrying  of  the 
sticks  from  the  railroad  to  the  shed. 

The  high  price  of  labor  during  the 
harvesting  season  has  also  been  a 
factor  in  increasing  the  cost  of  the 
crop  to  the  grower.  At  times,  in 
some  places,  as  much  as  |3  a  day, 
American  money,  has  been  demanded 
and  obtained  by  farmhands  who  saw 
the  necessity  of  their  employers  and 
took  advantage  of  it.  This  labor 
shortage  has  likewise  increased  the 
cost  of  the  buildings  which  have  been 
put  up. 

Now,  the  greater  part  of  the  tobacco 
raised  in  Ouba  is  produced   under  the 


tenant  system,  mostly  on  shares,  and 
it  is  the  common  belief  in  all  countries 
where  this  system  of  farming  is 
practised,  that  under  abnormal  con- 
ditions of  expense  the  tenant  has  the 
worst  of  the  bargain.  The  purchase 
by  the  tenant  of  a  large  quantity  of 
cujes  to  house  the  crop  might  seem  to 
be  a  safe  proposition,  but  when  it 
happens  at  the  close  of  a  season  that 
the  advances  made  to  the  tenant  add 
up  greater  than  his  share,  he  is  left  in 
debt  to  the  landlord,  and  should  he 
transport  his  family  to  another  region, 
with  his  household  goods,  he  would 
have  to  leave  the  cujes  as  security  for 
the  debt,  or  rather  in  payment,  partial 
or  otherwise,  of  the  debt 

Should  he  remain  another  year,  or 
series  of  years,  on  the  same  property, 
the  chances  are  that  he  will  not  again 
have  so  heavy  a  crop,  or  at  least  until 
after  .several  years,  and  it  is  difBcult 
for  the  average  (Xiban  grower  to 
husband  his  resources  in  such  times, 
so  that  a  surplus  outfit  of  cujes  is 
often  sold  or  chopped  up  for  firewood, 
leaving  the  grower  unprepared  to  make 
the  best  of  any  heavy  crop  that  may 
come  along. 

The  larger  growers,  however,  and 
those  operating  on  their  own  land, 
expect  to  get  very  good  prices  for  the 
present  crop  of  tobacco,  as  the  cigar 
factories  in  Havana  and  the  users  of 
Cuban  tobacco  throughout  the  world 
are  not  at  all  overstocked  with  good 
leaf,  and  should  be  willing  to  take  hold 
of  the  new  crop  without  much  haggling 
over  the  crop. — Springfield  Republican. 

WANT  ADVERTISEMENTS. 

Advertisements  under  this  liead  cost  one 
cent  a  word  eacii  time;  no  auTertisement  taken 
for  less  tlian  twenty  cents;  cash  or  stamps 
must  accompany  orders,  which  should  be  re- 
ceived by  the  25th  of  the  month. 

WANTED -Ten  different  tobacco  growers 
to  use  my  hard  wood  ashes  and  write  the  re- 
sults in  this  iournal.  Ashes  at  wholesale 
prices  to  the  first  ten.  George  Stevens,  Peter- 
boro,  Ont.,  Canada. 

WANTED— About  12  second-hand  window 
sash;  also  window  frames;  will  also  buy  second- 
hand matched  stuff  and  floorinjf  boards.  Wil- 
liams, care  The  New  England  Tobacco  Grower 
Hartford. 


JENKINS    &    BARKER, 

Successors  to  Col.  Charles  L.  Bnrdett. 

Patent  and  Trade  Mark  Causes. 
Solicitors  of  United  States  and  Foreign  Pat 
ents.  Designs  ami  Trade  Marks. 

FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING, 
SO  state  Street,      -      Hartlord,  Connecticut. 


PATENTS    OBTAINED 


For  information  write  to 

Ralph  Sturtevant  Warfield, 

SOO  H  St.,  N.  IV.,  Washington,  D.  C. 


Shade-Grown  Sumatra 
and  Shade-Grown 
Cuban  Wrappers 

FOR.  JALE  IN  QUANTlTIEj 
Ai  DE:ilR.tD 

Write  for  Samples  and  Prices 

FOSTER 

Drawer  42.      Hartford,  Conn. 


THE    USE    OF    AN 


Underwood 
Typewriter 

will  increase  your  business. 

Rent    one    for    a    month    and 


watch  the  result. 


Underwood 
Typewriter 
Company, 

755-757  Main  Street. 
HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT. 


STUDIO 
1300    MAIN    ST.,     HAR-TFORD 

Leading  Artist  in  PHotograpKy 
and  General  Portraiture. 

Onr  photographs  are  not  "shade"  prrown  but 
are  made  with  the  clearness  and  e.xact  likeness 
that  win  for  us  permanent  customers.  We  are 
after  your  photographic  trade.  Studio,  ro36 
Main  St.,  Opposite  Morgan  St. 

HEJtDQUJiRTERS  FOR 

mnu  mnmi 

F.  F.  SMALL  &  CO., 

OS  Peart  St.,  HJiRTFORD,    COJVM. 
14  Fort  St.,  SPRIMGFIELD,  MJtSS. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


J3 


HOMES    IN     THE    SOUTH 

The  Most  Detif;htfiit  Section  for  People 

Seeking  Neiv  Homes,   Fine  Climate, 

Pleasant  Surroundings  and 

Profitable      Lands 

There  are  uiiiiiy  iit'Dple  wlio  are 
not  entirely  satisfieil  o  witli  their 
present  homes,  who  wonUl  do  well  to 
remove  to  another  section  of  the 
country.  In  selecting  a  new  home 
many  things  are  to  be  considered. 
There  is  the  health  of  the  family,  the 
comforts  with  which  they  may  be  .sur- 
rounded, the  social  life  and  the  matter 
of  success  in  one's  occupation.  Many 
people  in  the  North  and  West  are 
deciding  that  the  section  which  today 
otters  more  opportunities  and  advan- 
tages, and  which  is  at  least  the  equal 
of  all  others  in  evtrything  which  goes 
to  make  life  pleasant  and  successful,  is 
the  South,  especially  that  portion  east 
of  the  Mississippi  river.  Those  who 
will  carefully  investigate  the  claims  of 
that  section  will  soon  conclude  that 
a  solid  basis  exists  for  all  of  them. 

The  South  is  a  big  .section.  Many 
different  climates  and  many  different 
conditions  exist  there.  As  a  whole,  it 
may  be  said  that  its  climate  is  an 
equable  one.  Most  of  it  is  free  from 
extremes  of  heat  or  cold.  The  many 
desiring  a  mild  climate  may  find  it, 
and  at  the  same  time  locate  where  he 
will  not  suffer  from  undue  heat.  It  is 
a  fertile  section.  There  are  many 
different  soils  there,  suited  for  the  most 
diversified  agriculture.  Nearly  all 
the  grains,  cotton,  tobacco,  rice,  sugar 
cane,  all  root  crops,  all  the  vegetables 
grow  abundantly,  and  return  the 
farmer  the  greatest  profits  known  in 
America.  For  profitable  fruit  growing, 
whether  apples,  peaches,  pears,  plums 
or  strawberries,  no  other  section  is  so 
good.  For  stock  raising  it  has  mani- 
fest advantages.  All  the  grasses  and 
forage  crops  grow  there,  there  are  the 
cheapest  foods,  the  longest  grazing 
periods,  the  best  supply  of  jnire  water, 
unexcelled  markets.  Poultrj'  raising 
is  a  great  business  for  Southern  farms 
and  village  homes. 

Lands  in  the  South  are  low  priced. 
Their  equal  cannot  be  had  for  anything 
like  the  same  price  anywhere  else  in 
the  United  States.  They  are  the  most 
profitable  lands;  for  dollar  for  dollar 
of  investment  they  paj'  from  two  to  ten 
times  the  profit  farming  lands  do  in 
other  sections.  There  are  millions  of 
acres  of  good  cheap  lands  now  open 
for  settlers  along  the  lines  of  the 
Southern  Railway  in  Virginia,  the 
Oarolinas,  Georgia,  Florida,  Tennessee, 
Mississippi  and  Kentucky,  which  can 
be  obtained  at  small  cost  and  on  easy 
terms.  These  lands  lie  in  the  famous 
Piedmont  sections,  where  a  mild, 
agreeable  all  the  year  round  climate, 
fine  soils,  beautiful  locations,  pure 
water  and  all  that  abound  in  the  coast 
sections  of  the  Atlantic  and  Gulf  of 
Mexico,  where  are  the  great  truck 
growing  regions,  fruit  sections  and  a 
tine  stock  ccuntry  in  the  famous  black 
soil  belt  of  the  South,  in  the  rich 
Yazoo  Delta  country,  in  the  famously 
fertile  and  beautiful  Tennessee  River 
Valley,  and  in  other  regions. 

The  Southern   States  are   prospering 


Baker's  Traceless  Harness 

riiis  harness  is  particularly  valuable  to  tobacco  grow- 
ers, both  in   the  cultivation  of  open  and   cloth  covered 
helds.     Owini?  to  the  absence  of  whiiHetreefi  and  traces, 
closer  work  can  be  done  with  teams  everywhere.  It  is  the 
farmer's"Handy  Harness,"  saves  labor,  and  makes  farm 
work  easier.    Invaluable  to  every  fruit  (rrower,  orchard- 
isi  and    lumberman.     Endorsed  by    users    everywhere. 

Writu  to-day  for  free  catalog-ue. 
B.  F.  BAKER  CO.,     23^4^  Main  St.,  Burnt  HMIS,  N.  Y. 

iflMF  PulveriLing  Harrow 

it  w  IWl  ■■  m^;^  Clod  Crusher  and  leveler. 


SIZES 

3  to  Uyi  feet 

Agents 
Wanted 


Clod  Crusher  and  Leveleri 

The  best  pulverizer — cheapest  Riding  H&rro>v 
on  earth.  We  also  make  walkmg  ACMES. 
The  Acme  crushes,  cuts,  pulverizes,  turns 
and  levels  all  soils  for  all  purposes.  Made 
entirely  of  cast  steel  and 
wrought  iron — indestructible. 

Sent  on  Trial 

To  be  returned  at  my  ex* 

pense  if  not  satisfactory, 

._      Catalogue   and  Booklet. 

"An  Ideal  Harrow" 

by  Henry  Stewart, 

''';  "      .-'"'^^^ -  -^.^~^  mailed  free. 

1  deliver  f.o.b.  at  New  York,  Chicago,  Colombas,  Louisville,  Kansas  City,  Minneapolis,  Sao  Francisco,  Portland.etc; 

DUANE  H.  NASH,  Sole  Manufacturer,  Hlillington,  New  Jersey* 

Branch  Houses:   I  1  0  Washlnelon  St.,  Chicago.   240  7th  Ave.  So.,  Minneapolis.     1316  W.  8lh  St.,  Kansaa  City, 
f  1^K.*^SK  MKKTION   j'HIS  PAPER. 


and  growing  as  no  other  section  is. 
Their  towns  and  cities  are  advancing 
rapidly.  There  were  invested  in 
factories  last  year  along  the  Southern 
Railway  and  Mobile  and  Ohio  Rail- 
road over  $:?8,000,000  and  in  factories, 
farms,  timber  lands,  mines  building 
and  other  improvements,  $108,000,000. 
The  South  needs  immigration  and 
welcomes  it.  She  offers  her  cheap  but 
good  lands,  her  diversified  advantages, 
her  mild  healthy  climate  and  abundant 
supply  of  pure  water,  her  fine  markets, 
good  and  steadily  improving  schools, 
her  rapid  extension  of  improved  high- 
ways, her  magnificent  railroad  trans- 
portation as  some  of  the  reasons  why 
settlers  should  locate  homes  wihin  her 
boundaries.  The  Southern  Railway 
and  Mobile  and  Ohio  Railroad  pene- 
trate the  best  districts  of  the  South, 
with  their  9,000  mile.?  of  tract.  They 
encourage  the  settlement  and  develop- 
ment of  the  country  and  for  that 
purpose  maintain  a  Land  and  Indus- 
trial Department  whose  agents  will 
give  you  detailed  and  descriptive  infor- 
mation about  lands,  crops,  locations, 
etc.,  without  charge,  if  you  will  let 
them  know  your  desires.  Address 
M.  V.  Richards,  Land  and  Industrial 
Agent,  Washington,  D.  C,  or  Charles 
S.  Chase,  Chemical  Building,  St. 
Louis,  Mo.,  or  T.  B.  Thackston,  335 
Dearborn  St.,  Chicago,  III. 

Tobacco     Cellars 

Southern  growers  are  making  cellars, 
in  which  to  handle  their  tobacco.  A 
large  number  of  tobacco  farmers  have 
these  cellars,  and  they  are  .so  convenient 
and  valuable  that  lliey  will  be  used  by 
all  who  can  afford  them.  The  general 
use  of  these  cellars  will  no  doubt  pre- 
vent tobacco  gluts  on  the  markets, 
thereby  proving  a  benefit  to  farmers  as 
well  as  tobacco  buyers. 


Japanese  Tobacco  Monopoly 

United  States  Minister  Griscom  at 
Tokyo  is  acting  under  the  instructions 
of  the  state  department  at  Washington 
in  endeavoring  to  impress  upon  the 
Japanese  government  the  propriety  of 
protecting  the  considerable  American 
investments  in  tobacco  manufactures 
in  the  preparation  of  new  tobacco 
monopoly  scheme.  The  Japanese  gov- 
ernment is  willing  to  pay  for  the  fac- 
tories and  goods  on  hand  and  what  Mr. 
Griscom  is  now  trying  to  do  is  to 
secure  a  proper  allowance  for  the  good- 
will and  business  about  to  be  sur- 
1  endered. 

The  proposed  law  relating  to  the 
Japanese  government  tobacco  monop- 
oly, if  enacted,  will  go  into  effect  on 
the  first  of  next  July.  The  manufac- 
ture and  sale  of  Japanese  tobacco  cut 
will  be  allowed  to  continue  until  April 
19.  The  Japanese  propose  to  have  the 
stocks,  machines  and  plants  existing 
on  June  30  next  appraised  by  joint  ap- 
praisers. As  compensation  for  their 
goodwill  the  government  proposes  to 
pay  the  manufacturers  and  dealers  a 
sum  equal  to  their  income  for  three 
years  as  shown  by  their  books. 

I     OKNIEL-S' 
(>         Veterinary  Medicines 

a  FOR 

I  Home  Treatment  ot  Horses  and  Cattle 

g  SHOULD  BE  IH  YOUR  STABLE 

^  Colic  and   Distemper  cannot    watt  for 

i^  the  Veterinary.    "A  stitch  in  time,  etc." 

t^  Full  line  of  specific  remedies  at  any 

&  Drup  store.     Book  on  treatment  of  stock 

^  free  if  you  mention  this  paper. 

172  Milk  Street, 
BOSTON,  MASS. 


Dr.  A.O.  DANIELS 


14 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Breeding     of    Plants 

By    J.     "W.     Robisorx,     Vice-President     of    the     Kan- 
sas   Horticultural    Society 


THE  breeding  of  common  plants, 
including  cereals  and  grasses, 
has  received  increased  and 
skilled  attention  along  practi- 
cal and  useful  lines  during  the 
last  ten  years,  to  the  great  benefit  and 
profit  of  the  people  of  the  world.  This 
benefit  is  not  confined  to  the  plant- 
grower,  but  every  improvement  bene- 
fits the  consumer  in  the  increase  in 
production,  the  cheapening  of  the 
commodity  and  improvement  of 
quality,  and  in  some  cases,  in  increas- 
ing the  healthfulness  of  the  product. 

It  is  true,  in  the  past  much  skill  and 
means  have  been  expended  in  the  im- 
provement of  flowers  and  fruits  and 
many  useful  discoveries  made  and  re- 
corded to  the  benefit  and  advantage  of 
plant-breeders,  but  it  is  only  in  recent 
years  that  scientists  and  practical 
growers  have  applied  their  knowledge 
and  skilled  labor  to  improve  the 
common  cereals,  vegetables,  and  grasses 
with  such  beneficial  results  as  to  give 
great  promise  for  the  future. 

When  the  skilled  scientist  and 
practical  woiker  join  their  forces  for 
imi^rovement,  beginning  with  a 
foundation  of  the  best  heretofore  pro- 
duced not  only  in  our  own  country  but 
in  all  others,  and  continue  the  work 
along  well-known  lines  now  fairly  well 
understood,  we  may  reasonably  expect 
to  see  the  eame  improvement  in  plants 
as  has  been  gained  in  the  animal  king- 
dom which  has  produced  from  the 
same  foundation  the  fleet  horse  of  the 
various  graceful  and  useful  gaits;  the 
giant,  powerful  draft-horse,  and  the 
diminutive  children's  pony,  all  so  well 
adapted  to  their  especial  uses.  It  is 
only  reasonable  to  believe  we  may 
progress  more  rapidly  in  improving 
plant-growth,  as  in  many  species  one 
year  represents  a  generation. 

Much  has  already  been  done  in  pro- 
ducing new  varieties  adapted  to  widely 
varying  conditions.  Some  of  the  im- 
proved grains  already  produced  and 
being  still  further  improved  for  special 
uses,  it  is  claimed,  may  be  grown  with 
profit  much  further  west  on  the  semi- 
arid  iilains  than  the  older  varieties  and 
others  will  thrive  and  mature  nearer 
the  equator  than  former  varieties. 
The  extent  to  which  this  adaptability 
may  be  carried  is  a  problem  of  the 
future  not  now  necessary  for  us  to  con- 
sider. There  scarcely  appears  to  be  a 
limit  to  the  increase  in  productiveness 
and  improved  quality  for  specific  uses 
to  be  gained  by  the  skilled  and  persever- 
ing plant-breeder. 

The  corn-plant  is  probably  one  of 
the  most  readily  improved  of  our 
cereals  by  growing  on  favorable  soil, 
in  favorable  climate  and  practicing  the 
latest,  best-known  methods  of  plant- 
breeding.  The  following  practice,  if 
adhered  to,    will  do  much   good  in  this 


line:  Procure  the  best  possible  seed 
for  your  latitude,  soil,  and  purpose,  for 
which  you  wish  to  grow  it.  If  you 
chance  to  be  located  in  a  district  that 
is  subject  to  a  hot  sun  and  hotter  wind, 
and  sometimes  accompanied  by  drouth, 
by  all  means  try  to  get  seed  somewhat 
acclimated  to  these  conditions.  The 
seed  should  be  of  a  variety  suitable  for 
your  purpose  and  the  length  of  season 
in  your  locality.  Plant  carefully;  thin 
down  to  a  stand  to  give  vigor  for  each 
plant,  for  improvement  is  not  likely  to 
come  on  a  weak  or  dwarfed  stalk. 

Good  culture  is  indispensable,  and 
before  .silk  or  tassel  appears  cut  or 
detassel  all  weakly  or  barren  stalks, 
and  detassel  all  partially  barren  or 
nubbin  stalks,  leaving  only  the  fruit- 
ful, productive  stalks  to  bear  tassel. 
In  gathering  seed  to  still  further  im- 
prove and  fix  the  type  of  variety,  great 
care  must  be  taken  in  selecting  for 
future  plantings,  and  each  ear  should 
come  from  a  stalk  with  strong  and 
vigorous  root  and  plenty  of  foliage. 
The  ears  should  be  well  filled  on  butts 
and  points,  symmetrical  in  form  and 
tapering  only  moderately  towards  the 
point;  kernels  deep  and  closely  fitted 
on  cob,  with  little  space  between  the 
rows;  germ  well  developed,  indicating 
vigor  to  reproduce  itself. 

This  method,  i^ursued  for  a  few 
j-ears,  will  eliminate  nine-tenths  of  the 
barren  stalks  in  a  field  and  add  greatly 
to  the  yield  and  value  of  the  crop.  The 
practice  described  seems  very  simple 
and  easy  to  carry  to  a  successful  issue. 

Selection  of  seed  and  culture  must 
all  be  done  in  a  proper  manner  and  at 
the  proper  time,  or  little  improvement 
will  be  gained.  The  cutting  out  of 
barren  stalks  and  detasseling  must  be 
attended  to  before  pollen  forms  on  the 
tassel,  for  in  this  is  one  of  the  main 
steps  to  improvement. 

Of  course  the  breeding-plat  or  field 
ought  to  be  widely  separated  from 
other  corn,  especially  fiom  fields  grow- 
ing a  widely  diiferent  variety.  The 
pollen  is  liable  to  be  blown  by  the  wind 
to  near-by  fields,  and  to  be  carried  by 
beetle,  bug,  moth,  butterfly  and  the 
honey-bee.  The  latter  has  been  the 
most  troublesome  with  me,  and  in 
gathering  seed  the  following  year's 
breeding-plats,  all  kernels  showing  any 
signs  of  mixture  from  this  source  will 
be  picked  out  and  rejected  before  the 
ear  is  shelled.  If  the  plat  has  been  a 
(juarter  to  a  half  mile  from  other  corn, 
the  mixture  is  likely  to  be  only  in  a 
few  kernels. 

The  same  general  principles  will 
apply  to  breeding  other  species  of 
plants,  but  some  are  much  more 
difficult  to  cross-fertilize.  Wheat,  for 
instance,  rarely  cross-fertilizes  as 
ordinarily  grown,  but  usually  requires 
careful   assistance   by   hand    to   cross- 


fertilize.  Our      common      clovers, 

especially  alfalfa,  and  the  sorghums, 
both  saccharine  and  non-saccharine, 
are  plants  that  especially  promise  rich 
rewards  to  the  intelligent  breeder  who 
may  select  the  best  heretofore  produced 
and  skilfully  apply  the  best-known 
methods  in  plant-breeding. 

A  few  succeeding  generations  will 
produce  such  increases  of  saccharine 
in  sorghum  and  sugar-beets,  and  so 
enhance  the  feeding  value  of  alfalfa 
and  Kaffir-corn  as  to  make  these  valu- 
able and  useful  plants  of  still  greater 
use  and  profit,  and  that,  too,  in  the 
near  future,  which  will  also  tend  to 
greatly  extend  the  area  of  their  profit- 
able culture.  We  can  reasonably  sur- 
mise that  the  advance  along  these  lines 
in  the  past  fully  justifies  us  in  the  be- 
lief that  at  an  early  day  our  experi- 
ment stations,  agricultural  colleges, 
enterprising  individuals  and  private 
corporations  will  accomplish  greater 
results  along  this  line,  which  will  be 
realized  in  a  time  not  far  distant. 

The    I903    Turkish    Crop 

On  account  of  the  corruption  of 
many  of  the  officials,  as  well  as  of  the 
smuggling  carried  on  in  all  parts  of 
the  sultanate,  it  is  difficult  to  obtain 
accurate  figures  as  to  the  output  of 
Turkish  tobacco.  The  official  returns 
range  from  ten  to  twenty-five  per  cent, 
below  the  actual  amounts.  Making 
due  allowance  for  this  condition  of 
affairs,  it  may  be  stated  that  the  to- 
bacco production  of  Turkey  in  1903 
was  90,000,000  pounds,  as  against 
75,000,000  in  1903.  The  increase  in 
quantity  was  not  accompanied  by  an 
increase  in  quality.  On  the  contrary, 
the  output  of  fine  leaf  was  no  larger, 
if  as  large  as  in  the  previous  year. 

Kent 

L.  Eaton's  warehouse  was  opened 
for  business  March  7,  giving  employ- 
ment to  a  number  of  men. 

Buyers  have  been  in  town  and  several 
crops  have  been  sold. 


Advertising 
As   a   Specialty. 


Skill  in  advertising  comes  with 
training  and  experience,  the  same  as 
skill  in  any  other  line  of  business. 

Advertising  is  our  specialty:  good 
advertising,  the  advertising  that  pays. 
We  make  it  pay;  our  clients  are  frank 
to  admit  that. 

Let  us  refer  you  to  some  of  them: 
or,  better  yet,  let  us  talk  with  you 
about  your  own  particular  advertising 
problem. 


jotinstoiiB  Pdveriising  flgencg, 

(INCC)K1>(|R.\TK1>  ) 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Building, 

Hartford,    *?    Connecticut. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 

luthe:r  m.  cask, 

WINSTED,   CONNECTICUT, 

Packer  and  Dealer  in 


15 


Connecticut    Leaf  Tobacco. 
Shade     Grown  j^j^ 
Sumatra    in    Bales. 


Main  Warehouse  and  Office,   Pine  Meadow,  Conn 


BRJtJiCH    IVMREHOUSES: 

Soulhwick,  Mass.,— Foreman,  H.  L.  Miller. 
East  Canaan,  Cciiin., — Foreman,  Iv.  F.  Bronson. 
Barkhamsted,  Conn., — Foreman,  L-  A.  ^^*ie. 
North  Hatfield,  Mass.,— Foreman,  Willis  Holden. 
New  Hartford.  Conn.,— Foreman,  James  Stewart. 


SUMATRA    PLANTATIONS: 


Pine   Meadow,  Conn., 
Barkhamsted,  Conn., 
Southwick,  Mass., 


25  Acres 
20  Acres 
15    Acres   \ 


Always  in  the  market  for  old  Tobacco  if  well 
assorted  and  packed.  ^  Havana  Seed  Wrap- 
pers a  specialty,  assorted  and  sized  into 
thirty-two  grades.        ...... 


Mmmfmfmmmmmmmfmfmm^f^. 


Demand    for    Sun=Cured 

That  the  days  of  fireti  or  smoked  to- 
bacco in  the  Onited  States  are  nitm- 
bered  seems  to  be  a  growing  impres- 
sion, says  the  Southern  News-Leader. 
Investigation  at  the  southern  waie- 
houses  shows  that  the  quantity  of  it 
appearing  on  the  market  is  gradually- 
becoming  less,  and  its  use  is  now  said 
to  be  practically  restricted  to  the  man- 
ufacture of  snuff. 

Refined  taste  on  the  part  of  tobacco 
users,  who  prefer  a  milder  form  of 
smoking  and  chewing  tobacco,  is  said 
to  have  causeil  a  natural  leaning  toward 
the  burley,  bright,  and  sun-cured 
leaves. 

"Accoiding  to  my  mind,  fired  to- 
bacco has  received  a  'black  eye'  and 
has  seen  its  day  in  this  country,"  saitl 
L.  B.  Vaughan  recently.  "In  the 
West  it  has  been  supplanted  by  burley, 
and  in  the  South  by  bright  (flue-cured) 
and  sun-cured.  There  is  no  doubt  that 
sun-cured  leaf  is  the  best  tobacco 
grown.  It  was  first  known  and  raised 
around  Jamestown,  and  was  used  as 
currency  in  the  days  of  'To  Have  and 
To  Hold,'  when  men  bought  their 
wives  with  Oronoco  leaf.  Burley, 
however,  stands  on  top  as  to  quantity 
grown,  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  twenty- 
five  years  ago  it  was  unknown  to  the 
trade." 


Growth      of      Tobacco      Raising 

Within  the  memory  of  men  still  in 
their  prime,  tobacco  was  a  product 
restricted  in  its  growth  to  certain 
countries  enjoying,  first  of  all, a  climate 
specially  adapted,  and  next  blessed 
with  a  soil  suited  to  the  peculiar 
necessities  of  the  plant.  And  these 
special  requirements  in  those  days 
were  supposed  to  exist  in  but  a  few 
small  portions  of  the  world  providen- 
tially provided  with  such  extraordinary 
conditions. 

But  how  the  scene  has  changetl  in 
late  yearsi  Instead  of  a  few  favored 
locations  scattered  sparsely  through 
the  world,  we  now  draw  the  world's 
stock  of  smokes  from  almost  unlimited 
locations.  Sumatra  has  its  nicotine 
growth  of  vast  bulk,  though  of  but  a 
few  years'  enterprise.  Japan  and  Java 
are  sending  a  share  of  the  leaf  that 
soothes  to  the  world's  marts.  India  is 
one  of  the  latest  recruits  to  the  tobacco- 
producing  ranks,  and  appears  to  be 
gaining  numerous  friends  in  Great 
Britain  as  well  as  on  her  own-  conti- 
nent. Perhaps  the  youngest  in  the  in- 
dustry is  Fiji,  which  is  enterjirisingly 
attempting  to  raise  and  market  a  to- 
bacco crop;  and  it  is  said  that  the 
cigars  produced  on  those  islands  of 
Australasia  are  quite  smokable,  and 
that  New  South  Wales  is  the  market 
to  be  exploited   for  the  Fijian  product. 


STABLE  MIE 

IN    CAK    OK 
CARGO  LOTS 

Prompt  Delivery 

Lowest  Prices 

11.  M.  Goodrich 


HARTFORD  AND  NEW  YORK 
TRANSPORTATION  COMPANY 

HARTFORD 
CONNECTICUT 


IT'S  A  GOOD 
THING  TO  KNOW: 

The  best  place  in  Hartford  to  buy  Jew- 
elry, to  buy  a  watcli,  to  have  a  watch 
repaired. 

It's  over  on  Pearl  street,  just  a    little 
way  from  Main. 

GEORGE  W.  BALL, 

Diamond    Broker    and     Jeweler, 

65  PEARL   ST..  HARTFORD.  CONN. 


16 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


o  o   ""^  o  o  o  o  o  o  ^"^  o    —   o  o  o  ^^  o  o    —  o  o  o  ^"^  o  o  o  o  o  o  o  o 


^' 


Intematiorial 
Tobacco  ClotH 


& 


^ 


^ 


^ 


^ 


^' 


^' 


^ 


HE  superiority  of  The  International 
Tobacco  Cloth  has  been  fully  dem- 
onstrated in  the  field  €L  High-grade 
material  and  skilful  construction,  combined 
with  long  experience  in  manufacturing  this 
class  of  fabric,  accounts  for  the  superiority 
of  The  International  Tobacco  Cloth  €t  Made 
in  all  required  widths;  shipments  prompt 
and  complete. 


S^ 


Forbes  ®.  Wallace 

Spring'field,  Mass.  ^  V 


o.— *o_^o_^o-^o 


o    -,^  o    _^^  o  o 


.^ 


^Ae  New  England 

Tobacco  Growb 


itai. 


VOL.  V.  No.  3. 


HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT,  MAY,  1904. 


$1.00  A  YEAR 


Connecticut's  Tobacco  Exhibit  at  St.  Louis 


THE  Connecticut  tobacco  exhibit 
tor  the  Ht.  Louis  Exposition  was 
started  westward  April  23.  The  cases 
in  which  the  samples  are  paclsed  con- 
tain over  a  half  ton  of  the  cream  of 
Oonnecticut's  190:i  crop,  the  quality 
of  the  samples  sent  to  the  commission 
bfiing  of  an  exceptioHally  high  grade. 
Many  of  the  leading  growers  of  the 
state  are  represented  in  the  list  of  ex- 
hibitors and  the  sample.s  include  sun- 
gfowU,  Connecticut  bi'oadleaf,  Havana 
seed  and  Cnban,  and  shade-grown  Su- 
matra and  Cuban. 

There  are  137  exhibitors,  colitribu- 
titlg  about  300  samples,  classified  as 
follows:  Connecticut  broftdleaf,  68 
(exhibitors,  176  samples;  Connecticut 
Havana  seed,  63  exhibitors,  100 
samples;  shade-grown  Sumatra,  .5  ex- 
hibitors, 20  samples;  sun-grown  Cu- 
ban, 1  exhibitor,  8  samples;  shade- 
grown  Cuban.  1  exhibitor,  12  samples. 
The  majority  of  the  exhibitors  are 
from  Hartford  county.  The  samples 
were  sweat  and  put  up  in  SuflSeld  un- 
der the  personal  supervision  of  Ed- 
mund Halladay,  chairman  of  the  com- 
mission appointed  to  take  charge  of  the 
exhibit  for  this  state. 

With  the  exhibit  of  leaf  tobacco  will 
be  shown  cigars  wrapped  with  broad- 
leaf,  Havana  seed,  shade-grown  Cuban 
and  Sumatra,  and  sun-grown  Cuban. 
There  will  also  be  shown  a  collection 
of  photographs  showing  the  progress  of 
the  tobacco  plants  and  the  different 
methods  employed  on  the  crop  from 
the  time  the  plants  are  started  in  the 
bed.s  until  they  are  harvested,  and  the 
pictures  of  the  fields  of  the  growing 
leaf  will  give  the  interested  layman  a 
fail  idea  of  the  vast  amount  of  labor 
that  goes  up  in  smoke  every  year. 

The  exhibit  will  occupy  spaces  108 
and  110  in  the  agricultural  building; 
space  110  is  in  the  special  room  with- 
in two  spaces  of  the  central  figure  of 
the  tobacco  exhibit  of  the  exposition 
towards  which   the  state  of   Connecti- 


cut appropriated  .f7.5'l  and  th3Farui 
Product  and  Tobacco  comiiJlssions  con- 
tributed if  no. 

The   commission  which    has  the  ex- 
hibit   in    charge   consists   of   Edmund 


EDMUND    H.\LI.AD.\Y, 

Chairman  of  the  Commission  in  char^je  of 
the  Connecticut  Exhibit  at  St.  Louis. 

Halladay  of  .SufHeld,  chairman,  H.  W. 
Alford  of  Poquonock  and  James  S. 
Forbes  of  Burnside  This  committee 
has  worked  together  with  the  Farm 
Product  commission,  consisting  of 
Charles  A.  Thompson  of  Ellington, 
chairman.  Seaman  Meade  of  Green- 
wich and  Walter  C.  Patton  of  North 
Haven. 

Mr.  Halladay  has  gone  to  St. 
Louis  to  superintend  the  arrange- 
ment of  the  exhibit,  after  which  the 
exhibit  will  be  in  charge  of  I.  O. 
Fanton  of  Weston,  who  will  also  have 
charge  of  the  Farm  Product  exhibit 
from  Connecticut. 

JIuch  credit  is  due  Mr.  Halladay 
for   his  labor  in  sweating  and   getting 


the  samples  ready  for  the  exhibitiora 
and  to  both  him  and  his  associates  foe 
the  creditable  showing  made  by  Con- 
necticut of  one  of  the  most  profitable 
products. 

Among  the  first  of  the  exhibits  to  be 
completely  installed  in  the  palace  of 
agriculture  at  the  exposition  is  the 
elaborate  display  made  by  the  tobacco 
growers  and  manufacturers  of  the 
United  States.  It  occupie.s  a  space 
400  feet  long  and  .'52  feet  wide  just  in- 
side the  north  entrance  to  the  largest 
building  on  the  ground.s,  it  covering 
23  acres. 

America  having  been  the  first  to 
grow  tobacco,  foreign  visitors  will  be 
particularly  interested  in  this  feature, 
for  every  phase  of  the  industry  is 
treated.  The  growing  plant,  the  cur- 
ing of  the  leaf  and  its  manufacture  are 
all  shown  by  live  and  well-planned  ex- 
hibits. It  is  anticipated  that  the  ex- 
ploitation received  at  the  exposition 
will  result  in  largely  increasing  foreign 
trade  in  American  tobacco. 

While  each  state  has  its  individual 
exhioit,  the  attractive  feature  of  the 
whole  displaj'  is  the  ornamental  effects 
which  have  been  created  through  the 
united  efforts  of  exhibitors.  A  facade, 
artistically  trimmed  in  tobacco  leaves, 
extends  the  entire  length  of  the  four 
blocks  occupied  by  the  display.  In 
the  center  of  the  booth  thus  formed 
there  rises  to  a  height  of  ,")3  feet  an  oc- 
tagonal pagoda  surmounted  by  a  sphere 
wbich  supports  a  ship  sailing  in  a  sea 
of  tobacco.  The  entire  structure  is 
covered  with  tobacco  and  the  leaf  is 
used  in  working  out  clever  decorations 
and  trimmings. 

Extensive  displays  are  also  made  by 
the  luanufacturers  of  machinery,  tools 
and  appliances  used  iu  the  cultivation 
of  tobacco.  The  large  space  allotted 
to  this  industry  has  in  fact  given 
ample  opportunity  for  a  thorough  ex- 
ploitation of  every  branch  ct  the  to- 
bacco trade. 


THE  NEW  ENGLAND  TOBACCO  GROWER 


THE    CJiNJtDlJtS     LEJtF    TAX 

Canadian  mauufaoturers  have  now 
had  an  experience  with  Canadian- 
grown  leaf  tohacco,  as  applied  to 
the  cigar  industry,  extending  over  a 
period  of  six  years,  and  dating  from 
the  tarift  of  1897 — which  imposed  a 
tax  on  impoited  leaf  tobacco  with  the 
avowed  object  of  developing  our  trade 
in  domestic  leaf.  Leaving  aside,  for 
the  moment  the  pipe  and  chewing  to- 
bacco market — in  which  branches  of 
our  industry  Canadian  leaf  has  un- 
^.-•''^(loubtefHy  been  a  complete  success— we 
.^rt^.f  ■canrioi'  find, in  the  statistical  history  of 
the  (raid*.uluch  ground  for  hope  that 
;our'  domestic  tobacco  will  ever  be  a 
factor  in  Jhe  cigar  trade.  The  sub- 
.iofned  table  gives  particulars  of  the 
)  Uevelopment  of  both  purely  Canadian 
•  -and  "combination"  cigais  under  the 
new  tarift;  and,  when  it  is  considered 
that  this  class  of  goods  has  had  the 
protection  not  alone  of  the  customs 
duty  on  imported  raw  leaf,  but  in  ad- 
dition pays  only  one-half  the  amount 
of  excise  or  stamp  tax,  it  will  be 
observed  that  despite  its  tariff  advan- 
tages the  progress  made  is,  to  saj-  the 
least,  not  suflBcient  to  warrant  the  ex- 
tent that  has  been  its  lot  since  1897: 


UMBER 

OF 

CANADIAN 

LEAF    AND 

COMBINATION   CIGARS 

MANU- 

FACTURED   IN    CANADA 

Canadian 

Combination 

Year 

Cigars 

Cigars 

1898 

739,910 

1899 

1,031,650 

654,845 

1900 

1,686,140 

3,863,030 

1901 

3,104,330 

5,840,640 

1903 

3,713,150 

5,984,195 

1903 

3,881,360 

6,283,388 

Cigars  manufactured  solely  from 
Canadian  leaf  are  steadily  declining  in 
output.  The  majority  of  the  factories 
that  have  made  an  attempt  to  produce 
them  have  since  thrown  up  the  task  in 
disgust.  In  "combination"  goods, 
better  progress  has  necessarily  been 
made,  owing  to  the  fact  that  these 
cigars  contain  more  or  less  imported 
tobacco.  But  even  in  this  branch,  the 
experiment  has  not  been  what  the  pro- 
tection afforded  would  reasonably 
warrant;  nor  has  the  manufacturer 
been  able  to  produce  the  goods  at  a 
reasonable  profit.  It  has  only  been  in 
the  very  lowest  grade  market  that  even 
"combination"  cigars  have  been  able 
to  compete,  and  the  very  low  price  at 
which  they  have  been  sold  has  rendered 
them  most  undesirable  both  to  the 
manufacturer  and  the  dealer;  and  also 
to  the  consumer. 

Several  of  our  prominent  manufac- 
turers have  made  a  very  determined 
effort  to  develop  a  market  for  Canadian 
or  "combination"  leaf  cigars,  and  our 
domestic  leaf  has  certainly  not  suffered 
from  lack  of  enterpi'ise  on  the  part  of 
either  the  growers  of  the  leaf  or  the 
cigar  manufacturers.  The  latter,  how- 
ever, have  gradually  become  less  in 
number  and  more  lacking  in  enthu- 
siasm, and  there  is  every  indication 
that  the  whole  Canadian  leaf  cigar  in- 
dustry will  gradually  die  a  natural 
death.  Even  the  tobacco  farmer  pays 
little  attention  to  cigar  leaf,  preferring 


to   confine  his   agriculture  to    the  plug 
tobacco  market. 

The  cold  fact  of  the  Canadian  leaf 
cigar  proposition  is,  that  in  the  slang 
of  the  day.it  is  a  "dead  one."  We 
all  would  have  preferred  it  otherwise, 
but  it  is  as  well  to  frankly  face  the  sit- 
uation. This  being  the  trade  condi- 
tion, the  necessity  or  abnormal  protec- 
tion of  Canadian  leaf  cigars  and  a 
burdensome  taxation  on  domestic 
cigars  made  from  foreign  leaf,  is  no 
longer  apparent.  A  reduction  in  the 
excise  on  domestic  cigars  from  six 
dollars  per  thousand  to  four  dollars 
per  thousand  should,  therefore,  be 
made,  to  offset  the  tax  on  raw  leaf  to- 
bacco imposed  in  1897  as  a  protection 
to  the  farmer. 

Cigar  manufacture  has  not  progressed 
in  proportion  with  other  industries 
during  the  past  seven  )-ears,  its» in- 
crease being  approximately  5  per  cent. 
per  annum. — Canadian  Cigar  and  To- 
bacco Journal. 

Origin  of  White  Barley 

The  white  hurley  tobacco  originated 
in  1863  or  1864  in  Pleasant  Township, 
Brown  County,  Ohio,  in  a  patch  of  to- 
bacco grown  by  George  Webb  and 
William  Crabb,  on  land  now  owned  by 
Jacob  Neu,  near  the  lower  White  Oak 
bridge.  Mr.  Wabb  sowed  a  bed  of  the 
seed  in  1865,  and  as  his  landlord  would 
not  allow  him  to  set  many  of  tlie 
plants,  he  gave  them  to  Shafe  Boles 
and  Joe  Poor,  who  each  grew  a  small 
crop  of  the  new  variety.  In  1866, 
Webb,  Boles  and  Poor  gave  the  seed 
they  grew  in  1865  to  their  friends  and 
neighbors,  and  by  this  act  of  kindness 
let  a  princely  fortune  .slip  through  their 
hands. 


Land  Retains  Fertilizer 

Editor  New  England  Tobacco  Grower: 
Referring  to  yours  of  recent  date, 
making  inquiry  at  the  instance  of  a 
subscriber,  unquestionably  the  light 
land  on  which  tobacco  is  grown  retains 
a  part  of  the  fertilizer  or  manure 
which  is  applied  for  tobacco,  and  at 
the  end  of  several  years,  or  even  after 
a  single  year,  it  is  in  much  better 
shape  so  far  as  plant  food  is  concerned 
than  it  was  before.  We  have  often 
seen  a  crop  of  rye  following  tobacco 
yield  twice  as  much  as  on  adjoining 
land,  freshly  broken  which  had  been 
unfertilized  for  years. 

The  tobacco  grower,  however,  does 
not  trust  a  great  deal  to  fertilizer  resi- 
dues left  in  the  soil  from  past  years. 
He  prefers  to  put  on  a  full  dose  of 
plant  food  every  year,  when  he  can 
afford  it,  knowing  that  he  may  be 
using  more  than  he  needs,  but  regard- 
ing this  surplus  as  a  sort  of  insurance 
of  his  crop.  E.  H.  Jenkins, 

Agricultural   Expeiiment  Station. 


Andrews  &  Peck^ 

MANUFACTURERS, 
Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

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^he     New     E^mg^land 
Tobacco     Grower 


HARTFORD 


CONNECTICUT 


MAY 


1  9  O  4 


From  Tobacco  Towns 

Various     Matters     of    Interest     to     Groovers 
of    tHe     Leaf 


Suffield 

The  1008  crop  of  tobacco  is  nearly 
all  bought,  only  a  few  crops  yet  re- 
main iu  the  hands  of  the  farmers. 

Meyer  &  Mendelsohn  have  taken 
their  sorting  boxes  and  other  equip- 
ment to  their  packing  house  in  East 
Hartford,  which  they  bought  from 
Sutter  Bros.,  and  hereafter  will  pack 
their  tobacco  there,  instead  of  at  Suf- 
tield.  Duiing  the  winter  the  firm  has 
employed  not  less  than  (iO  men  and 
have  put  up  a  packing  of  893  cases  of 
tobacco.  Growers  have  their  plants 
started,  and  although  they  are  much 
later  getting  their  beds  sowed  than 
they  were  last  year,  the  weather  has 
been  more  seasonable,  and  if  it  con- 
tinues so  the  time  lost  will  be  more 
than  regained. 

T.  Harvey  Smith  has  bought  the 
Merriman  place,  on  the  road  to  West 
Suffield.  Linus  Fay  and  family  have 
removed  to  Boston  Neck,  and  Mr. 
Smith  and  family  have  taken  posses- 
sion. 

Luther  A.  Kent  went  out  to  his 
barn  the  other  morning  to  do  his 
chores,  and  smelling  smoke  discovered 
a  pile  of  cloth,  which  had  been  oiled 
tor  use  on  the  tobacco  beds,  on  fire. 
He  at  once  called  his  sons  and  the  tire 
was  put  out.  The  roll  of  cloth  con- 
tained about  .500  yards,  and  was  to 
have  been  put  on  the  tobacco  beds 
Tuesday.  The  fix'e  probably  started 
from  spontaneous  combustion. 

Many  carloads  of  cotton-seed  meal 
and  other  fertilizers  have  been  received 
here  during  the  last  few  weeks  and 
distributed  among  the  farmers. 

'Bloomfield. 

The  Krohn  Tobacco  Company  has 
been  incorporated  with  a  capital  stock 
of  ;l!100,000  for  the  purpose  of  raising, 
dealing  in,  curing  aud  manufacturing 
tobacco.  The  incorporators  are  M. 
Krohn  of  Cincinnati,  O.,  Allen  H. 
Reeder  of  Dayton,  O. ,  Lewis  Sperry  of 
South  Windsor  and  Fred  B.  Griffin  of 
Gran  by.  Tobacco  will  be  grown  in 
the  open.  Mr.  Krohn  and  Mr.  Reeder 
bought  the  real  estate  of  The  Inter- 
national Tobacco  Culture  Corporation 
when  it  was  sold  at  auction  for  |20,- 
000.  Mr.  Griffin  will  have  the  man- 
agement of  the  plantation  as  formerly. 
and  about  100  acres  of  tobacco  will  be 
grown. 


South  Windsor 

Fred  Newberry  i  i  to  add  a  bent  to 
bis  tobacco  shed. 

Daniel  Driscoll  is  building  a  tobacco 
shed,  30x30. 

Wallace  F.  AndrosB  is  adding  four 
bents  to  the  tobacco  shed  of  his  father, 
W.  F.  Andross.  On  the  property  there 
was  taken  down  recently  a  barn  that 
is  thought  to  have  been  1.50  years  old. 

Many  have  said  that  it  is  not  profit- 
able to  raise  a  single  product  on  the 
same  soil  year  after  year.  In  an  inter- 
view on  this  question  Jerome  Signor 
said:  "I  have  raised  tobacco  on  the 
same  land  for  fifty-six  consecutive 
years  and  the  land  is  better  this  year 
than  ever  before."  Nobody  will 
question  Mr.  Signor's  veracity  or  abil- 
ity. He  is  a  thorough  tobacco  raiser, 
conservative  in  every  detail  of  its  cul- 
ture. Mr.  Signor  remembers  when 
11.50  per  pound  was  paid  to  Mr.  Wood 
and  said  that  he  himself  had  received 
MS  high  as  75  cents  a  pound. 

New  Milford 

The  New  Milford  Village  Improve- 
ment Association  has  elected  the  fol- 
lowing officers:  President,  W.  G. 
Green;  vice-presidents,  Albert  Evitts 
and  Miss  C.  S.  Sanford;  secretary, 
Mrs.  H.  .S.  Mygatt;  treasurer,  Mrs. 
Charles  Taylor;  executvie  committee, 
Mrs.  W.  D.  Black,  Miss  H.  N.  Board- 
man,  Mrs.  G.  M.  Breinig,  Mrs.  H.  E. 
Bostwick,  Mrs.  U.  B.  Camp,  W.  G. 
Brown,  Rev.  J.  F.  Plumb;  collectors, 
Mrs.  C.  M.  Beach,  Miss  Bessie  Brown, 
Mrs.  H.  L.  Randall.  Mrs.  Charles  M. 
Beach  was  also  made  an  additional 
member  of  the  executive  committee. 
There  was  a  general  discussion  in 
which  the  importance  of  extending  the 
work  of  improvement  as  much  as  pos- 
sible throughout  the  village  was 
pointed  out. 

East  Hartford 

The  Hartford  Transportation  Com- 
pany disposed  of  six  cargoes  of  stable 
manure  to  tobacco  growers  early  in 
April. 

Frank  D.  Maj',  formerly  of  Silver 
Lane,  is  making  extensive  improve- 
ments on  his  new  place  on  Forbes 
street.    He  will  grow  tobacco. 

Lowell  Brewer  has  a  force  of  2.5  men 
at  worK  at  his  warehouse. 


Wallop 

Frank  Nangle  is  moving  to  his 
former  home  in  Ellington,  where  he 
will  have  charge  of  the  farm  of  his 
widowed  mother. 

The  George  B.  Allen  farm  has  been 
taken  on  shares  by  Mr.  McMaster  of 
Suffield. 

E.  M.  Granger  has  leased  the  tene- 
ment opposite  his  home  to  Robert 
Griffin. 

Feeding  Hills 

••.? 

The  area  to  be  planted  here  will  be 
about  the  same  as  1903.  There  will 
be  about  27  acres  planted  under  cloth. 
Mr.  Shea  will  have  1,200  feet  of  seed- 
beds, three  feet  wide,  under  glass,  thfe 
use  of  cloth  furnishing  less  heat  and 
the  proper  protection  against  cold.  For 
his  earliest  plants  he  will  heat 
a  portion  of  his  bed  by  steam. 

Broad  Brook 

The  third  annual  public  reception 
and  dance  of  the  Broad  Brook  tobacob 
sorters  was  held  in  the  opera  house  the 
evening  of  April  9.  Ungewitter's  or- 
chestra furnished  the  music. 

Hillstoivn 

The  property  owned  by  Mrs.  Fowler 
has  passed  into  the  hands  of  Olds  & 
Whipple.  The  Mulcahy  brothers  will 
work  the  tobacco  land  and  Mr.  Rod- 
man will  occupy  the  homestead. 

East  Windsor  Hill 

F.  H.  Driscoll,  formerly  a  trolley 
car  conductor,  has  rented  the  Clay 
farm  of  100  acres  and  will  set  out  ten 
acres  of  tobacco. 

Mapleton 

W.  D.  Sikes,  having  sold  his  farm  in 
Mapleton,  has  removed  to  East  DuiB- 
merston,  Vt. ,  where  his  son  has  a  farm 
of  about  500  acres. 

West     Suffield 

James  P.  Van  Gelder  has  filed  a 
petition  in  bankruptcy  with  the 
referee  in  bankruptcy  in  Hartford. 

Sutter  Bros'  Creditors  Meet 

A  meeting  of  the  creditors  of  Sutter 
Bros,  was  held  in  Chicago,  April  6. 
Attorney  Poppenhausen  says  that  85 
per  cent,  of  the  unsecured  creditors 
have  consented  to  a  settlement  on  a 
basis  of  35  per  cent.,  10  per  cent,  in 
cash  and  15  per  cent,  in  notes. 

Sutter  Bros.  Leaf  Tobacco  Co.  is  to 
be  incorporated  with  a  capital  of 
1100,000,  but  the  firm's  attorneys  say 
that  the  firm  will  probably  use  the  old 
name.  They  expect  to  be  able  to 
resume  business  in  a  short  time. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Seed-Beds  Planted 

Late    April     Frosts    Kill     Some     of    the    Early 
Tobacco   Plants 


East  Windsor  Hill 


Nearly  all  the  growera  have  their 
seed-beds  planted  at  this  writing. 
More  cloth  than  glass  is  used  on  the 
beds.  Although  plants  grown  under 
glass  are  about  a  week  earlier  than 
those  under  cloth,  they  require  much 
more  attention  and  sash  costs  more 
tnan  cloth. 

It  has  been  the  experience  of  not  a 
few  that  very  early  set  tobacco  is  not 
as  good  as  medium  early,  say  the  tiist 
two  weeks  in  June. 

There  will  be  an  increase  in  the 
acreage  of  broadleaf,  caused  principally 
by  those  changing  from  Havana  seed, 
which  has  not  commanded  as  good 
prices  this  season  as  the  former. 

H.  G.  Long  has  purchased  of  Mrs. 
J.  O.  Stoughton  three  acres  of  tobacco 
land  lying  opposite  his  residence.  P.  J. 
Ahem  has  bought  of  Horace  Vibert 
the  place  situated  just  south  of  B.  S. 
Parker's.  Edward  Bancroft  has  pur- 
chased of  Mrs.  R.  M.  Burnham  the 
property  lying  opposite  his  residence, 
the  tract  extending  from  the  highway 
to  the  river.  Lewis  Sperry  has  bought 
the  Col.  Clapp  place  at  the  corner  of 
the  Ferry  road  and  Main  street.  Carlos 
Kibbe,  recently  superintendent  of  the 
tuwn  farm,  will  operate  Mr.  Sperry' s 
newly  acquired  property. 

Robert  Crowley  will  grow  Patrick 
Ahern's  ten  acres  of  tobacco.  William 
Crowley  will  grow  five  acres  for  R.  W. 
Rice.  William  Driscoll  will  raise  ten 
acres  on  the  O'Connor  farm  at  Rye 
street. 

The  odd  lots  of  tobacco  remaining 
unsold  are  those  of  Bancroft  Brothers, 
L  W.  King  and  Mr.  Donovan,  the  first 
two  being  in  cases. 

RoswELL  Grant. 

East  Cranby 

Edward  Cone  Talmadge,  a  resident 
of  this  town  for  many  years,  died 
recently  in  Windsor  at  the  home  of  his 
nephew.  Grant  Church.  He  was  73 
years  old.  Besides  his  nephew,  he 
leaves  a  sister,  Miss  Rachel  Talmadge. 
Mr.  Talmadge  lived  for  a  good  many 
years  in  Washington,  D.  C,  where  he 
was  a  department  clerk,  but  he  retired 
about  thirty  years  ago,  moving  to  East 
Granby.  He  lived  here  in  various 
locations  with  his  sister  until  last  fall, 
when  his  house,  in  which  he  had  lived 
for  the  last  ten  or  twelve  years,  about 
half  a  mile  north  of  Tariffville,  was 
burned. 

The  fire'was  discovered  about  one  in 
the  morning  and  Mr.  Talmadge  and 
his  sister  were  aroused  and  rescued. 
Later  he  re-entered  the  house,  was 
overcome  and  was  rescued  by  searchers 
after  narrowly  escaping  death.  After 
the  fire  he  and  his  sister  went  to  live 
with  their  nephew. 


Sunderland 

The  last  meeting  of  Sunderland 
(jrange  was  devoted  laige'iy  to  discus- 
sion of  co-operp.tion  among  farmers. 
Hoi  ace  G.  Sanderson  was  leader  and 
he  mentioned  several  instances  of  at- 
tempted co-operation,  the  Milk  Pro- 
ducers' Union,  combinations  of  tobacco 
growers,  etc.  As  the  farmer  is  the 
most  independent  man  on  earth,  it  is 
difiicult,  if  not  impossible  to  form  any 
combination  for  his  interest.  Condi- 
tions are  altogether  different  from 
those  which  confront  the  manufacturer. 
In  the  discussion  which  followed  the 
co-operative  creamery  was  the  only 
instance  w  hich  any  one  could  recall  of 
successful  combination  in  favor  of 
farmers  and  Mr.  Sanderson's  paper 
was  thoroughly  indorsed. 

All  the  growers  have  their  seed-beds 
made.     Glass  is  mostly  used  here. 

The  acreage  will  be  about  the  same 
for  1904.      , 

Quite  a  number  of  tobacco  farms 
have  changed  hands. 

A     number     of     sales     were    made 
recently,    Meyer  &    Mendelsohn    being 
the   largest    buyers     in     this    section. 
There  is  very  little  tobacco   unsold. 
C.  E.  Brown. 

Jtddison 

Peter  Miller  has  removed  to  the 
Fred  Tenner  farm. 

Mr.  Sanies  of  Poquonock  has  rented 
the  Wolfer  farm. 

There  will  be  more  tobacco  raised  in 
this  section  this  year  than  for  sometime 
past. 

Hatfield 

Hatfield  growers  have  their  seed-beds 
planted.  Glass  is  mostly  u.sed  here, 
so  that  the  plants  are  usually  very 
early.  This  season  is  a  little  late,  but 
the  plants  look  strong. 

There  will  be  about  the  same  acre- 
age this  season  as  last.  Several 
grcwers  are  inclined  to  try  a  little 
broadleaf  on  the  best  land  this  year. 

Crops  are  now  moving  daily,  at 
prices  ranging  form  IIK  to  n]4  cents, 
assorted  and  cased.  1903  tobacco  is 
now  pretty  well  bought  up.  A  few 
growers  have  decided  to  sweat  their 
crops  and  hold  for  higher  prices. 

Assorting  will  cease  about  the  first 
of  May. 

The  force-sweat  tobacco  is  sold  and 
shipped  as  fast  as  sampled.  It  comes 
out  of  the  sweat  almost  invariably 
sound. 

I  think  that  before  the  1904  crop  is 
ready  for  market  there  will  be  a  cry 
for  tobacco.  A  representative  of  one 
of  the  biggest  buyers  here  told  me 
yesterday  that  they  had  already  dis- 
posed of  one-half  their  packing. 

A.  H.  Gravks. 


East  Hartford 

The  tobacco  beds  have  fought  the 
frost  with  varying  luck.  William  L. 
Huntting,  Charles  S.  Barnes,  Oswald 
J.  Signor,  N.  S.  Brewer,  William  K. 
Ackley  and  other  tobacco  raisers  sowed 
their  beds  about  April  12  or  lo,  just  in 
time  to  meet  the  last  assaults  of  the 
winter.  Several  kept  lamps  burning 
under  the  cloth  covers  during  the 
nights  and  some  of  the  beds  worried 
through  the  freezing  weather.  Others 
gave  up  the  fight  and  sowed  the  beds 
again. 

Oswald  J.  Signor,  an  authority  on 
tobacco,  considers  the  season  about 
three  or  four  weeks  late,  and  that 
chances  seem  to  be  in  favor  of  late 
harvesting  with  probable  danger  of 
frost. 

Most  growers  have  for  years  sprouted 
their  tobacco  seeds  by  placing  them  in 
warm  apple  mould.  The  mould  has 
been  placed  in  pans  and  boxes  kept  in 
sunny  windows  in  the  day  time  and 
under  or  near  kitchen  ranges  at  night. 
Mr.  Signor  experimented,  this  spring, 
with  "chestnut  dirt,"  or  mould  taken 
from  a  decayed  chestnut  stump.  He 
says  that  up  to  this  time  the  result  is 
satisfactory.  He  keot  the  pan  on  a 
steam  radiator  at  night,  instead  of 
under  the  kitchen  range,  preserving 
a  more  equable  heat,  as  the  ordinary 
range  fire  dies  out  at  night.  Mr. 
Signoi  uses  about  seven  cords  of  Har- 
lem river  manure  to  the  acre  and  about 
a  quarter  of  a  ton  of  tobacco  starter, 
which  gives  the  color  to  the  leaf 
whicb  is  much  desired  by  manufactur- 
ers at  this  time. 

Edward  Hale,  in  the  noith  pait,  has 
a  long  tobacco  bed  covered  with  glass 
trames.  He  is  reported  to  have  the 
earliest  and  largest  plants  in  the  town, 
having  numbers  each  as  large  as  a 
man's  thumb  nail. 

The  acreage  will  remain  about  the 
same  as  in  1903.  A  number  of  tobacco 
sheds  will  be  built,  and  one  which 
Henry  G.  Beaumont  has  contracted  for 
will  be  started  in  a  short  time. 

Simsbury 

Simsbury  growers  have  their  seed- 
beds planted.  More  cloth  than  glass 
is  used,  some  growers  using  both. 

There  will  be  no  increase  in  the 
acreage  this  season.  No  tobacco  re- 
mains unsold  in  tcwn. 

South  Windsor 

H.  S.  Powers  is  building  an  addition 
to  his  sorting  room. 

Some  of  the  farmers  are  busy  pre- 
paring their  tobacco  beds,  while  more 
are  anxiously  awaiting  warmer 
■weather. 

Bloomfield 

Growers  here  had  but  part  of  their 
seed-beds  sown  at  this  writing,  the 
middle  of  April.  Both  cloth  and  glass 
are  used  on  the  beds.  The  acreage 
will  be  increased  this  year. 

The  ground  has  been  very  slow  to 
get  in  condition  for  seed-beds,  or  other 
purposes. 

Greenhouse  plants  are  looking  well. 
W.  L.  Carncross. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Bowker's  Tobacco  Fertilizers 


have  for  over  twenty  years  been  producing  the  best  and  finest 
crops  of  tobacco  in  the  Connecticut  Valley,  because  they  supply 
the  plant  food  that  is  best  for  tobacco,  and  plenty  of  it  to 
carry  the  crop  through  to  maturity. 


Mr.  B,  N.    Alderman,  East    Granby,    Conn.,   says  :    "  I    am   partial  to    the 
Bowker   Tobacco    Ash    Fertilizer    because   it    acts   very    quickly    and   also 
carries  the  crop  through." 
Another  ffrower  writes  ;  "The  Bowker  goods    also    show    the  second  year 

which   is  important   in   repeated   use  of  the  same  ground." 


Br^WfCiTTJ      FERTILIZER     COMPANY. 
W'     W     im.  JL^  XV.  ROAfTOM   ar»rf    Mir-lV  YORK. 


220  State  Street.     Hartford,  Conn. 


DEERFIELD     FIRES 

The  insurance  men  siiy  pretty  hard 
things  about  the  town  of  Deerfield  a.s  a 
place  for  insurance  companies  to  lose 
uionej'.  "Deerfielil  has  been  a  perfect 
swamp  to  lose  money  in  for  years,'' 
says  one  local  af^ent.  "It  would  take 
50  years  to  make  up  the  losses  the  com- 
panies have  sustained  in  that  town." 
Insurance  agents  throw  ont  dark  hints 
about  the  origin  of  many  fires, although 
they  attribute  the  recent  losses  at 
South  Deerfield  to  a  fire  bug. 

One  insurance  man  saj's  that  it  has 
not  been  a  good  thing  for  Deerfield 
that  the  soil  has  been  so  rich.  "They 
make  their  living  too  easy  down 
there,"  he  says.  "In  other  towns 
about  here  the  farmers  have  to  scratch 
around  to  get  their  living,  and  raise  a 
number  of  crops,  while  in  Deerfield  all 
tney  have  to  do  is  to  plant  a  few  acres 
of  tobacco  and  they  are  all  right.  It 
makes  them  too  happy  go  lucky  and 
ea.sy  going,  and  they  get  careless 
about  their  property,  so  that  there  is  a 
constant  succession  of  fires  from  one 
part  of  Deerfield  or  another.'' 

This  is  rather  hard  language,  and  it 
would  be  interesting  to  see  what  Deer- 
field citizens  would  say  about  it.  Mean- 
while, the  insurance  companies  are 
very  reluctant  to  place  any  more 
policies  there.  In  fact  it  is  getting 
harder  and  harder  to  get  farm  property 
insured  at  all.  The  agent  referred  to, 
who  handles  insurance    for   35   com- 


panies, says  that  onlj'  four  of  them 
will  take  farms.  Formerly  the  Aetna 
and  the  other  rich  Hartford  and  New 
York  companies  used  to  take  farms, 
but  they  want  ncme  of  such  property 
now.  The  insurance  man  referied  to 
says  that  the  constant  snccession  of 
fires  in  Deerfield  gives  the  Greenfield 
agencies  a  black  eye,  and  tends  to 
make  it  hard  for  farmers  anywhere  in 
this  section  to  get  satisfactory  insur- 
ance.- -Gazette  and  Courier. 

Conway,  Massachusetts 

The  Conway  Civic  League  at  its 
annual  meeting  elected  these  ofiBcers: 
President,  A.  P.  Delabarre;  vice-presi- 
dent, C.  L.  DeWolfe;  treasurer,  H.  B. 
Hassell;  .secretary,  R.  H.  Cook;  execu- 
tive committee,  Rev.  E.  F.  Hunt, 
O.  D.  Ives,  Clarence  Flagg,  J.  B. 
Laidley,  J.  B.  Packard,  A.  M.  Cook, 
W.  W.  Darby,  Rev.  W.  J.  Kelly,  H.  T. 
Newhall,  C.  L.  Parson.s.  W.  T.  Graves 
and  D.  McKenzie.  Plans  are  being 
made  to  set  out  trees  and  shrubs  and 
flowering  plants  in  various  places  and 
otherwise  beautify  the  town. 

Hadley 

All  the  tobacco  giowers  here  have 
made  their  seed-beds,  using  cloth 
mostly. 

The  indications  are  for  a  smaller 
acreage  than  last  year. 

Lester  Smith,  James  Burke  and 
Frank  Merrill  have  packed  their  crops. 


\eiv  York  Cigar  Leaf  Market 

New  York,  April  13. 

The  only  real  activity  in  the  local 
leaf  market  dnring  the  last  few  days 
has  been  created  directly  or  indirectly 
through  the  manufacturers'  anxiety  to 
examine  the  Sumatra  situation  in  con- 
junction with  depleted  condition  of 
old  domestic  stocks. 

The  1903  Pennsylvania  is  fetching 
fair  prices  and  meets  with  a  demand. 
Wisconsin,  1902,  has  been  selling 
liberally,  at  least  500  to  600  cases  hav- 
ing changed  hands  within  our 
knowledge.  The  present  activity  in 
Wisconsin  may  possibly  be  caused  by 
the  known  indifferent  quality  of  the 
new  crop. 

Sumatra. — The  manufacturer  is 
naturally  conservative  at  this  stage, 
and  while  purchases  are  many  they  are 
mostly  small  on  account  of  the  general 
desire  to  hold  back  orders  until  samples 
are  on  view  here  from  more  than  two 
or  three  inscriptions,  after  which  they 
can  form  a  more  comprehensive  view. 

Havana. — The  market  is  in  a  more 
or  less  dormant  condition,  as  Sumatra 
is  holding  almost  monopolistic  atten- 
tion of  the  manufacturers.  Sales  are 
small  in  size,  but  are  quite  many  in 
the  aggregate. 

West  Suffield 

The  Prospect  farm  has  been  rented 
for  the  year  by  William  Sparry  of  New 
Britain. 


THE  NEW  ENGLAND  TOBACCO  GROWER 


Cuban    Attitude 

Havana    Paper    Protests    Against     Exports     of 
Leaf    Instead     of    Manufacture 


ONLY  along  general  lines  have  we 
tried  to  show  in  our  previous 
article  the  danger  which  might  fall  to 
the  Cuban  tobacco  industry  with  the 
export  of  leaf. 

As  we  consider  that  the  matter  is  of 
vital  interest  to  the  country,  as  it  has 
been  proved  that  the  tobacco  industry 
is  one  of  the  principal  factors  to  the 
progress  and  welfare  of  Cuba  and  her 
people,  we  said  that  the  time  had  come 
when  those  interested  in  that  progress 
should  take  some  measures  to  prevent 
disappearance  of  the  tobacco  industry 
fiom  the  island  or  its  reduction  to  a 
minimum. 

To  think  that  this  is  not  possible,  is 
to  overlook  the  truth,  since  the  logic 
of  figures  takes  away  all  hopes  that  we 
might  cherish. 

Indeed,  the  material  progress  in  all 
the  ju'incipal  nations  of  the  world  is 
evident,  and  only  those  who  have  not 
travelled  or  studied  what  has  happened 
everywhere  for  the  last  30  or  40  years 
will  fail  to  see  it. 

This  progress  has  been  done  at  a 
pretty  good  rate  because  the  earnings 
of  the  laboring  people  has  been  raised; 
this  improvement  has  brought  about 
the  Increased  consumption  even  in 
those  articles  which  are  not  of  prime 
necessity,  and  if  consumption  has  been 
increased  in  this  way  it  is  but  natural 
to  suppose  that  it  has  also  increased 
with  the  excess  of  population. 

Therefore,  if  half  a  century  ago  we 
had  less  population  in  tne  world,  if 
with  less  wages  the  resources  of  the 
working  classes  were  reduced,  it  is 
clear  that  today  the  tobacco  industry 
in  Cuba  ought  to  be  50  per  cent,  more 
than  it  was  half  a  century  ago. 

Unfortunately  it  has  decreased  about 
50  per  cent.,  for  in  1853  we  exported 
293  millions  of  cigars;  and  in  1902, 
half  a  century  afterwards,  we  have 
exported  only  208  millions.  With 
more  population,  more  money  and 
more  smoking  in  the  world  we  have 
exported  85  millions  less. 

For  this  reason  we  said  that  to  deny 
that  export  of  leaf  will  not  kill  the  to- 
bacco industry  is  to  overlook  the  facts. 

We  said  that  we  must  avoid  the 
clash  we  are  coming  to,  and  that  after 
the  idea  has  been  poiiitj'd  out  by  us, 
others  should  find  the  measures  to 
prevent  it. 

We  know  that  if  not  altogether  im- 
possible, it  is  very  difficult  to  impose 
export  duties  on  the  leaf  which  would 
make  illusory  the  profit  that  foreign 
manufacturers  may  have  by  exporting 
our  leaf,  to  manufacture  Cuban  to- 
bacco; and  we  see  it  difficult,  because 
our  first  importer  is  the  United  States; 
and  as  fatally  we  are  compelled  to 
move  around  the  orbit  of  that  colossus, 
neither  the  authorities  would  dare  to 
take   any    steps   which     might     harm 


eight  or  ten  millions  of  Americans 
nor  would  they  be   willing  to  stand  it. 

Therefore,  there  are  only  two  ways 
left  to  prevent  the  death  of  our  in- 
dustry. 

First.  To  look  for  compensation  in  a 
commercial  treaty  which  would  grant 
our  cigars  the  necessary  advantages 
for  obtaining  increase  consumption  at 
least  in  the  proportion  that  they  had 
previously  to  the  McKinley  bill,  first 
dead  blow  to  our  industry. 

W'e  hold  the  conviction  that  our 
tobacco  as  far  as  quality  is  concerned 
has  no  competitor  but  in  quantity  is  a 
different  thing,  and  here  lies  the  evil 
to  our  industrj-. 

The  United  States  with  exception 
of  the  little  tobacco  which  they  manu- 
facture with  Cuban  assistance,  twisted 
cabbage  leaves;  those  leaves  give  very 
poor  cheroots,  but  very  cheap  and 
their  sale  has  reached  this  year  the 
astonishing  figure  of  six  thousand 
millions  of  cigars. 

Therefore,  the  administration  should 
help  growers  in  a  positive  way  so  that 
they  may  produce  a  very  great  quantity 
of  good  tobacco;  that  excess  of  pro- 
duction will  leduce  the  price  of  the 
prime  material  which  will  then  be 
within  the  reach  of  other  people  be- 
sides those  favored  by  fortune. 

With  cheap  leaf,  growers  will  not 
suffer,  if  they  produce  plenty  and 
manufacturers  will  be  able  to  reduce 
prices  on  cigars  and  place  them  within 
the  reach  of  smokers. 

If  this  is  done,  the  industry  will  be 
saved,  because  not  only  they  will  not 
compete  with  us  in  quality,  but  with 
cheap  prices  everybody  will  prefer  to 
smoke  a  genuine  Cuban  cigar,  and 
thus  the  life  of  our  industry  will  be 
assured  as  well  as  the  prosperity  of 
thousands  of  families  who  live  on  the 
tobacco  industry. 

Let  the  government  hurry  up  and 
protect  agriculture,  and  get  in  circula- 
tion those  millions  which  are  sleeping 
in  the  treasurer's  department.  That 
money  is  needed  for  circulation. — El 
Tobacco,  Havana. 

Great  Sales  of  Mexican  Cigarettes 

The  sales  of  the  Buen  Yono  cigarette 
factory,  of  the  city  of  Mexico,  reached 
a  value  of  |3,769,942. 12  in  1903, 
against  11,851,167.81  in  1902.  The 
profits  for  the  year  amounted  to  $656,- 
832.70.  The  capital  stock  has  been 
increased  by  |1, 000, 000,  and  3,000 
preferred  shares  of  |100  each,  par 
value,  have  been  issued  Orders  for 
cigarettes  have  been  so  heavy  that  it 
has  been  impossible  to  fill  them  as 
promptly  as  desired.  The  capital  of 
the  company  is  $4,200,000,  and  the 
reserve  fund  is  $270,000.  $349,821 
were  divided  among  the  stockholders 
this  year. 


fOlIR 

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AND  TOWERS, 

Pipe,  Fittings  and  Hose. 

In  writiug  for  Catal'.'gue  please  specify  which 
one  you  want. 
We  make  a  epecialty  of  Water  Supply  Out- 
fits for  Country  Estates. 

CHARLES  J.  JAGER  COMPANY, 

174  HIGH  ST.,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


I  YOUR  HORSE       | 

S^  is  worth  helping. 

^  If  sick  or  lame, 

K  cure  him. 

li  DANIELS'  REMEDIES 

^  for  Home   Treatment 

^  of  Horses  and  Cattle. 

1^  Big-  Veterinary  book  from 

^  anv  drutrgist  if  you  ask  him, 

K  or  mailed  free  if  you  mention 

??  this  paper. 

|i'o^s?a!,':'^i^s1:Dr.A.C.DANIELS| 


PATENTS    OBTAINED 


For  information  write  to 

Ralph  Sturtevant  Warfield, 

SOO  H  St.,  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


THE    BE6:T    yet    MADE. 


Specially  Designed  for 

IRACTICAL 

'OWER 

URPOSES 


The  Fairbanks 
Gasolene  Engine 

Is    the    most    powerful,    easiest    working    and     easiest 
adjusted  engine  ever  made. 

Solid  and  substantial  in  construction,  few  parts  and  no  waste  metal. 
Every  pound  has  work  to  do.  These  important  features  are  the 
excuse  for  its  great  popularity.  Do  not  place  your  order  for  a 
gasolene  engine  until  you  have  seen  and  investigated  the  "Fair- 
banks."    Correspondence  solicited. 


The    Fairbanks    Company, 

314  (Si.  316  Pearl  Street,  -  Hartford,    Conn. 

Can  be  seen  in  operation  at  the  above  address 


New  York,  N.  Y. 

Albany,  N.   Y. 
PhilartelpUia,  Pa. 


Baltimore,  Md. 

New  Orleans,  La. 

Boston,  Mass. 


Bufialo,  N.  Y. 
Montreal,  Que. 
London,  E.G. 


Pittsburg-,  Pa_ 
Vancouver,  B.  C 
Toronto.  Ont. 


Revenue     Decisions 


Leaf    Tobacco     R.ulings     by     tKe 
Commissioner     of    Internal 


United     States 
Revenue 


A  COLLECTOR  makes  iiKiuiry 
whether  a  manufacturer  of 
cigar.s  should  enter  on  his  Book  73  as 
received,  leaf  tobacco  consigned  to 
him,  subject  to  inspection,  which  he 
has  examined  at  the  depot  and  i-ejected 
upon  finding  it  unfit  for  his  use,  hav- 
ing obtained  permit  to  return  it  to  the 
leaf  dealer.  The  collector  was  in- 
structed that  a  manufacturer  should 
only  enter  on  his  book  and  charge  him- 
self with  tobacco  which  has  actually 
been  received  on  his  factory  premises; 
that  the  tobacco  shipped  subject  to  in- 
spection and  rejected  at  the  depot,  and 
not  removed  therefrom  to  his  factory, 
cannot  properly  be  held  to  have  entered 
his  factory  premises. 

A  collector  advises  the  commissioner 
that  certain  missionaries  in  Alaska  use 
large  quantities  of  leaf  tobacco  as 
currency  in  dealing  with  the  natives, 
and  he  desires  to  know  if  these 
missionaries  will  be  allowed  to  pur- 
chase leaf  tobacco  and  whether  they 
will  be  required  to  register  as  leaf 
dealers.  The  commissioner  held  that 
there  was  no  way  in  which  tlie  mission- 
aries, who  are  not  granted  any  special 
privileges   under   the   law,   could  pur- 


chase and  use  leaf  tobacco  in  the 
manner  suggested  without  qualifying 
as  manufacturers  of  tobacco  and  con- 
forming in  all  respects  to  the  laws  and 
regulations  governing  such  business; 
that  if  they  qualified  as  dealers  in  leaf 
tobacco  the}'  would  be  limited  in  their 
sales,  under  the  provisions  of  Section 
3,224  of  the  Revised  Statutes,  to  three 
classes  of  persons,  that  is,  to  other 
registered  dealers  in  leat  tobacco;  to 
qualified  manufacturers  of  tobacco, 
.snuff  or  cigars,  or  to  persons  who  are 
known  to  be  purchasers  of  leaf  tobacco 
for  export,  and  all  leaf  tobacco  so  sold 
by  them  as  registered  dealers  in  leaf 
toljacco  should  be  in  quantities  less 
than  a  hogshead,  case  or  bale,  as  pro- 
vided in  Section  69,  Act  of  August 
28,  1894;  except  that  it  would  be  law- 
ful for  any  licensed  manufacturer  of 
cigais  to  purchase  tobacco  of  any 
licensed  dealer,  or  other  licensed  man- 
ufacturer of  tobacco  or  cif^ars  in  quan- 
tities le.ss  than  the  original  package  for 
use  in  his  own  manufactory  exclu- 
.sively;  that  it  would  be  tlius  seen  that 
as  registered  dealers  in  leaf  mission- 
aries would  be  precluded  from  retail- 
ing tobacco  or  using  it  as  a  medium  of 


cnrrency  in  bartering  or  trading  with 
the  natives. 

As  qualified  manufacturers  of  to- 
bacco, however,  they  would  be  per- 
mitted to  purchase  leaf  tobacco  of 
dealers  in  leaf,  or  from  the  farmers  or 
growers,  but  that  they  would  be  re- 
quired to  put  in  statutory  packages  and 
tax-paj'  it,  in  conformity  with  the  laws 
and  regulations.  They  could  then 
transfer  it  to  themselves  as  dealers  in 
tobacco,  on  separate  premises,  and  sell 
or  otherwise  dispose  of  it,  having  in 
view  the  restrictions  imposed  by  the 
law  and  regulations. 

A  collector  informs  the  commissioner 
that  several  parties  in  his  district  have 
made  application  to  him  for  permis- 
sion to  make  their  own  cigars  for  per- 
sonal use  only.  He  was  advised  that, 
while  the  commissioner  had  ruled  in  a 
number  of  cases  that  a  farmer  or  anj- 
person  may  make  cigars  for  his  own 
personal  smoking,  and  not  for  sale, 
without  qualifying  as  a  manufacturer 
of  cigars  or  incurring  liability  to  tax 
on  cigars  so  made  and  consumed,  there 
is  no  provision  under  existing  law  and 
regulations  for  the  sale  of  leat  tobacco 
to  such  persons,  and  the  onlj'  way  that 
they  can  legally  obtain  it  would  be  to 
purchase  it  from  the  farmer  or  grower 
who  is  unrestricted  in  the  sale  of  leaf 
tobacco  to  persons  other  than  those  pre- 
scribed in  the  rcgulation.s. 

Maubuc 

Many  of  the  farmers  are  busy  getting 
their  tobacco  fertilizer  from  the  wharf. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


^he  New  England 

Tobacco  Grower 


Published   monthly  by 
Tobacco    Grower  Publishing    Co. 

S3   Trumbull  street, 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Building 

Hartford,      Connecticut. 


Subscription,   One  Dollar  a  Year. 

Ten  Cents  a  Copy. 

Official  Journal  of  The  New  Englaud 
Tobacco  Growers'  Associatiou. 


PAUL      ACKERLY,     Editor. 


Volume  V. 


Entered  at  the  Hartford  Posl-Dffice  as   Second 
Class  mail  matter. 


HARTFORD.    MAY,    1904. 


THE    LJtTE    SPRING 

OPENING  late,  in  clire<'t  coiihast 
with  last  year,  the  Spring  de- 
termines that  this  season  the  jilanting 
of  tobacco  phal!  he  late,  as  compared 
•with  some  years.  Yet  the  warm, 
sunny  days  of  a  genuine  Spring  make 
fast  work  in  the  plant  beds,  and  when 
the  climate  really  sets  about  it,  a  week 
of  sun  and  warmth  is  recompense  for 
several  weeks  of  cold,  and  the  young 
tobacco  plants  come  along  so  cheerfully 
as  to  make  the  grower  forget  the  chilly 
waiting  time  just  after  seed  planting. 

Recalling  last  season,  the  drouth  cf 
May  cut  down  the  advantages  of  the 
earlier  plantings,  and  while  such  an 
untimely  period  of  drouth  is  not  to  he 
expected  this  year,  yet  the  weather 
conditions  may  be  so  adjusted  that  the 
delays  caused  by  the  late  Spring  will 
be  of  direct  benefit  to  the  growing 
crop. 

Moreover,  the  warehousing  work  has 
been  so  late,  owing  to  the  dryness  of 
the  Winter  and  the  late  taking  down 
of  the  hanging  tobacco,  that  there  is 
no  waiting  time  of  idleness  between 
the  warehouse  and  the  farm  this 
Spring,  even  if  the  season  happens  to 
be  late. 


New    England  by  means   of  a  series  of 
agitations  on  the  subject. 

The  buying  and  selling  of  a  material 
like  cigar  wrappers  is  not  one  that  can 
be  operated  after  the  business  methods 
which  apply  to  the  handling  of  the 
heavier  types  of  tobacco.  So  much 
depends  upon  the  delicate  distinctions 
between  the  different  grades  of  tobacco, 
upon  the  judgment  of  the  buyer,  and 
the  judgment  of  the  dealer  and  con- 
sumer, as  to  the  wrapping  qualities  of 
the  leaf,  and  moie  than  all,  upon  its 
particular  adaptability  to  the  manufac- 
turer of  any  certain  cigar. 

The  sales  of  a  brand  of  cigar  are  de- 
pendent upon  local  likes  and  dislikes, 
as  well  as  upon  the  material  and  work- 
manship employed  by  the  cigar  manu- 
facturer. To  maintain  a  given  brand 
of  cigars  calls  for  close  attention  on 
the  part  of  the  manufacturer,  his 
broker,  dealer,  and  upon  the  packers 
who  first  handled  the  crop.  Arrange- 
ments have  been  made  for  the  carrying 
on  of  these  ditterent  processes  of  selec- 
tion through  the  established  channels 
of  trade,  and  it  is  certainly  a  diffioult 
liroposition  to  distribute  these  condi- 
tions without  furnishing  adequate 
security,  that  the  interests  of  all  con- 
cerned in  the  production  of  satisfactory 
cigars  are  not  so  manipulated  as  to 
reflect  upon  the  prosperity  of  the  whole 
trade. 

•-^^ 
TOBACCO  JtT  ST.  LOUIS 
^AMPLES  representing  the  cream 
^  of  Connecticut  grown  tobacco  will 
be  exhibited  at  the  Louisiana  Exposi- 
tion at  St.  Louis.  The  exhibit  went 
westward  the  latter  part  of  April  and 
will  be  placed  in  the  Palace  of  Agri- 
culture. In  the  elaborate  display  from 
the  tobacco  states  of  the  Union,  New 
England  will  have  a  deservetl  promi- 
nence. 

Included  iu  the  display  sent  to  St. 
Louis  are  samples  of  Connecticut 
broadleaf,  Havana  seed,  and  shade- 
grown  Sumatra  and  Cuban.  A  promi- 
nent educative  feature  of  the  exhibit 
will  be  the  evolution  of  the  leaf 
from  the  time  it  starts  in  the  seed-bed 
to  the  harvesting  and  curing. 


MARKETING    WRAPPER 

'W^HE  tobacco  trade  continues  in  the 
•■■  hands  of  the  packers  and  dealers 
who  have  for  years  been  engaged  in 
the  business,  and  there  is  no  indication 
that  a  public  system  of  warehousing, 
such  as  is  carried  on  in  Virginia  and 
other  southern  states,  can  be  introduced 
into  the  wrappei -producing  section   of 


Warehouse    Point 

Schneider  &  Morrell's  four-acre  to- 
bacco shed  was  burned  to  the  ground 
April  12.  The  shed  was  built  only  a 
few  years  ago  and  was  filled  with  to- 
bacco. It  is  reported  that  both  the 
shed  and  its  contents  were  insured. 
Within  the  past  few  years  Schneider  & 
Morrell  have  lost  a  dwelling  house,  a 
barn  and  an  ice  house  by  fire. 


THE    SHADE-GROWERS 

[Ode  on  the  Coronation  of  King  Edward.] 

XL 

What  people   are  these    passing  to    the 

sound  of  pipe  and  drum? 
In  the   garments   of   all    nations,    and 

singing  as  they  comeV 
By  the  color  on  the  cheek. 
By  the  accent  when  they  speak. 
They  are    foreign-born    and  alien,    and 

theii  homes  aie  far  to  seek; 
But    they    all   come    up   to    England, 

when  England  calls  them  home. 

XII. 
And    these    who    speak     the     English 
tongue  not  in  the  English  way. 
With    the   careless   mien    and    temper 
self-assured,  whose  sons  are  they  ? 
By  the  larger,  looser  stride. 
By  the  ampler  ease  and  pride, 
By  the  quicker  catch    at    laughter  and 

the  outlook  keener-eyed, 
They  were  bred  beneath  the   tent-cloth 
of  a  wider,  whiter  day. 

— Bliss  Carman. 

Hard  Wood  Ashes 

In  reply  to  a  query  regarding  the 
value  of  hard  wood  ashes  for  tobacco 
rai.sing.  Dr.  E.  H.  Jenkins  of  the  Con- 
necticut Experiment  Station  says: 

"For  four  years  in  succession  the 
Connecticut  agricultuial  station,  at 
New  Haven,  used  hard  wood  ashes  as 
the  sole  source  of  potash  for  a  tobacco 
crop,  in  <iuantities  of  6,000  to  7,000 
pounds  annually.  This  was  compared 
with  the  tobacco  from  other  plots 
which  received  either  cotton  hull 
ashes,  double  sulphate  of  potash  and 
magnesia,  high  grade  sulphate  of 
potash  and  carbonate  of  potash. 

"The  yield  of  tobacco  was  not  quite 
so  large  as  on  the  other  plt)ts,  but  the 
quality  was  better,  on  the  average, 
than  that  obtained  from  any  other 
foim  of  carbonate  of  potash,  unless 
possibly  from  the  ilouble  carbonate  of 
pota.sh  and  magnesia.  The  effect  of 
wood  ashes  or  lime  on  heavy  clay  soils 
is  to  make  them  lighter  and  more  till- 
able; on  the  other  hand,  it  makes  very 
loose  sandy  soils  more  retentive  of 
moisture." 

Mania  for  Tobacco  Tags 
Orin  Fisher,  a  young  attorney  of 
Noblesville,  Indiana,  has  dispa.sed  of 
his  property,  de.serted  his  family  and 
disappeared.  His  wife  has  just  secured 
a  divorce.  The  evidence  showed  that 
Fisher  had  developed  a  mania  for 
gathering  tobacco  tags,  and  that  he 
wore  out  two  buggies  driving  over  the 
country  gathering  tags,  wliile  his  wife 
was  at  heme  with  scant  clothing  and 
little  to  eat. 

South  Windsor 
Seed-planting    was  late    this  spring. 
Cloth  is  mostly  used  on  beds. 

Miss  Jones  has  sold  her  U103  crop  to 
James  Bradley. 

Hinsdale 
About   all    the   growers    have    their 
seed-beds  sown  at  this  writing.     Cloth 
is  used  almost  entirely  heie. 

The  acreage  will  be  about  the  same 
as  in  190;!.  A  few  growers  still  have 
unsold  crops. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco  Tax   Advance 

BritisK     Increase     tHe     Tariff    on     Manufactured 
and     Unmanufactured 


IN  London  recenti)'  the  House  of 
Coiiinions  ailopteil  the  bmlget  of  tlie 
Chaiicelloi  of  the  Exchequer.  Ainoiif; 
the  tiiriff  ehanges  provideil  )iy  the  new 
law  are  several  iiureasiu;4  the  iluty  on 
tobacco,  both  uninaimfactured  and 
luannfactnred. 

The  duty  on  striped  leaf  is  raised  4 
cents,  to  81  cents:  on  cigars  12  cents, 
to  11.335,  and  on  foreign  cigarettes  a.'i 
cents. 

The  moisture  limit  of  manufactured 
tobacco  was  raised  to  33  per  cent,  and 
new  drawback  rates  were  created, 
which  will  tend  to  develop  the  British 
export  colonial  trade.  The  increased 
revenue  from  these  fiscal  changes  is 
estimated  at  |3, 750,000. 

In  speaking  of  the  budget,  D. 
Kremelberg,  of  Kreraelberg  &  Co.,  to- 
bacco exporters,  .said:  "Tobacco  i.s 
already  .so  highly  taxed  in  the  United 
Kingdom    that    an    increase,     such    as 


fimr  cents  a  pound,  will  have  no  ap- 
preciable effect  on  the  volume  of  im- 
ports. ' ' 

Joseph  D.  Morrison,  of  Wm.  E. 
Peck  &  Co.,  foreign  exporters,  saiil: 
"The  new  tax  will  be  unpopular  witli 
the  British  trade,  which,  during  the 
past  year,  has  looked  forward  to  a  .slight 
decrease  in  the  duty.  On  the  other 
hand,  the  British  Cabinet  1ms  placated 
the  trade  by  raising  the  moisture  limit 
and  extending  the  drawback  system. 
I  believe  the  law  will  not  decrease 
English  imports,  and  that  it  will  in- 
crease exports." 

IMauuel  Lopez,  (if  Oalixto  Lopez  & 
Co.,  iirojjrietors  of  the  Eden  cigar  fac- 
toiy  in  Havana,  Cuba,  saiil:  "So  far 
as  Cuban  cigars  are  concerned,  the 
increase  i.s  not  large  enough  to  have 
any  material  effect  on  trade.  As  to 
Cuban  leaf,  there  is  so  little  impurted 
in  England  that  it  is  haidly  worth 
considering  in  tliis  connection.  ' 


Suffield 

Fire,  thought  to  have  been  of  in- 
cendiary origin,  destroyed  tlie  dwelling 
house,  a  barn  and  a  tobacco  shed  on 
the  farm  of  George  L.  Warner  in  the 
northwestern  part  of  the  town,  April 
21.  All  the  members  of  the  family 
were  away  and  the  fire  was  discovered 
bj'  a  servant  girl.  She  summoned  the 
neighbors,  but  they  were  unable  to 
gave  any  of  the  house  furnishings  and 
had  barely  time  to  get  the  horses  from 
the  barn.  The  tobacco  shed  was  empty, 
the  stock  of  tobacco  having  been  re- 
moved some  time  ago.  The  loss  is 
estimated  at  |5,000:  in.surance  |2,70O. 

Receiver  for  Baltimore  Firm 

Max  Teicbinann  has  been  aijpointed, 
by  consent,  receiver  for  the  Independ- 
ent Tobacco  Company  of  Baltimore, 
the  bond  being  for  |1,500.  The  com- 
pany was  incorporated  February  27, 
1901,  with  an  authorized  capital  stock 
of  $25,000,  divided  into  250  shares  of 
$100  each.  Its  place  of  business  was 
at  419  East  Lombard  street. 

The  bill  of  complaint,  tiled  in  Cir- 
cuit Court  No.  2  by  John  V.  Neurath, 
through  Otto  Buehnei,  Jr.,  attorney, 
stated  that  all  the  stock  in  trade  and 
other  tangible  assets  of  the  cou^jianv 
were  destroyed  in  the  great  fire  and 
the  company  is  no  longer  able  to  carry 
on  its  business  or  to  exercise  its  cor- 
porate franchises. 

Hockanum 

Francis  Smith  is  to  rai.=e  Mrs. 
Marshall  Thomas'  tobacco  on  shares. 

William  Yauch  i.s  to  build  a  tobacco 
shed.  Others  who  fall  in  line  with 
him  are  William  Bantle,  Matthew 
Olous  and  Paul  Kasche. 


Feeding  Hills 

The  New  York,  New  Haven  &  Hart- 
ford railroad,  which  recently  bought 
up  the  Cential  New  England,  has 
closed  the  station  at  Feeding  Hills.  It 
is  understood  that  there  will  be  no 
furtlier  freight  business  done  there. 
Passenger  tiains  will  probably  stop 
there  on  signal.  The  news  of  this 
action  of  the  new  owners  of  the  road 
was  a  surpiise  to  the  Feeding  Hills 
people,  as  a  good  freight  business,  it  is 
claimed,  has  beui  done  at  that  station. 

Shade'Grotvn  in  Cuba 

The  cultivation  of  .shade-grown  to- 
bacco in  Cuba  is  increasing  steadily, 
and  judging  from  the  large  vogas 
planted  this  year  in  the  Vuelta  Abajo 
section,  Alipiizar,  Guira  de  Melena, 
San  Antonio  and  in  the  Manicaragua 
region,  this  class  of  tobacco  is  becom- 
ing an  important  factor  in  the  crop. 
A  few  seasons  ago  this  manner  of  rais- 
ing tobacco  was  looked  upon  unfavor- 
ably by  most  planters,  who  dislike 
anything  that  disturbs  what  they  con- 
sider the  dignity  of  old  customs. 

Owing  to  the  good  results  obtained 
last  year,  a  good  many  individuals  and 
concerns  have  gon^  into  this  business 
with  enthusiasm. 

The  latest  reports  from  Placetas  and 
Cjuemado  Hilario,  in  the  province  of 
Santa  Clara,  say  that  hail  and  heavy 
rain  storms  destroyed  almost  all  of  the 
tobacco  on  the  fields  uncut,  which 
fortunately  was  not  very  much. 

Demand  for  Good  /900--I  Fillers 

Speaking  of  the  filler  situation  a 
prcminant  packer  said:  "The  old 
story  that  a  strong  demand  is  always 
experienced  for  certain  goods  when 
they  are  out   of   the   market,  is   again 


repeated  in  tobacco  circles.  Desirable 
old  domestic  filler  tobaccos  now  have 
the  call  at  fancy  prices.  When  supplies 
of  the  1900  and"  1901  crop  were  plenti- 
ful, manufacturers  expected  the  1903 
and  1903  crops  to  prove  superior  in 
some  respects  to  the  older  (mes.  Being 
disappointed  in  their  expectations,  and 
finding  the  market  now  almost  bare  of 
desiraljle  filler  grades  of  these  crops, 
tliey  are  all  now  scram Iding  for  them. 
The  ajjproaching  summer  season  always 
produces  a  demand  for  old  filler  to- 
baccos which  aie  thoroiighlv  dry  and 
of  a  milder  nature,  but  tlie  scarcity  of 
that  class  of  good  stajile  tillers  was 
never  felt  so  much  among  cigar  manu- 
facturers as  at  present.  Those  who 
have  a  sufficient  supply  on  hand  to 
carry  them  through  are  most  fortunate, 
while  manufacturers  who  are  not  in 
the  same  position  in  regard  to  that 
class  of  goods  ought  to  bestir  them- 
selves in  securing  what  they  can  before 
tliey  are  entirely  out  of  the  market." 

Southtvick 

Harry  Hudson  has  been  giving  em- 
ployment to  a  number  of  hands  a.ssort- 
ing  tobacco. 

Bradford  Cook  has  been  (juite  seri- 
ously hurt  by  falling  from  a  .scaffold- 
ing in  his  barn. 


New  England  Tobacco 
Growers'    Association. 

President 
EDMUSD  HJiLLMt>JtY,   Suffield,  Conn. 

Vice-President 
THJIDDEUS  GUJIVES,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer 
PJIVL  JtCKERLT,  Rockville,   Conn. 

Office 
S3    Trumbull    Street,     Hartford,     Conn. 


Directors. 

Wm.  F.  Andross,  South  Windsor,  Conn. 
Joseph  H.  Pierce,  Enfield,  Conn. 
M.  W.  Frisbie,   Southington,  Conn. 
William  S.  Pinney,  Suffield,  Ctmn. 
H.  W.  Alford,   Ponuouock,  Conn. 
Colonel  E.  N.  Phelps,    Windsor,  Conn. 

B.  M.  Warner,    Hatfield,   Mass. 
F.  K.  Porter,  Hatfield,  Mass. 
Albert  Hurd,  North  Hadley,  Mass. 
J.  C.  Carl,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Hubbard,  Sunderland,  Mass. 
W.  H.  Porter,   Agawam,   Mass. 
Lyman  A.  Crafts,  East  Whately,  Mass. 
James  S   Forbes,  Biunside,  Conn. 
George  O.  Eno,   Simsbury,  Conn. 

W.  E.  Burbank,  Suffield,  Conn. 
E.  O.  Hills,  Southwick,  Ma.ss. 
James  Morgan,   HartfortI,  Conn. 
H.  Austin,  Suffield,   Conn. 
Charles  H.  Ashley,  Deerfield,  Mass 
H.  S.  Frye,  Poquonock,  Conn. 


10 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND :.  TOBACCO    GROWER 


Japanese      Monopoly     Bill 

Government     of    THat     Country    to     Control 
Tobacco     Business 


DISPATCHES  from  Japan  state 
that  the  monopoly  bill,  which 
proposes  to  form  a  government 
monopoly  of  the  tobacco  business  in 
that  country,  has  been  amended  in 
such  a  manner  that  the  total  sales  for 
the  past  three  years  of  all  cigarette  and 
tobacco  factories  will  be  considered  as 
the  basis  on  whicli  payment  will  be 
made  on  account  of  good  will.  It  was 
proposed  heretofore  to  give  a  sum 
equal  to  the  profits  for  the  past  three 
years  only. 

The  bill  will  undoubtedly  pass  in  its 
present  form.  The  regulations  govern- 
ing the    tobacco  trade  are  as  follows: 

"Leaf  tobacco  is  sold  by  the  govern- 
ment according  to  fixed  prices,  but 
when  necessary  it  may  be  sold  at 
auction. 

"Nobody  except  a  manufacturer  or 
dealer  can  buy  or  receive  any  leaf  to- 
bacco. An  exception  is  made  to  leaf 
tobacco  bought  as  samples  under  per- 
mission of  the  oiBcers  authorized. 

"No  manufacturers  can  make  use  of 
any  mateiial  other  than  tobacco  in 
luannfacturing,  nor  can  a  ciealer  buy 
or  sell  any  material  other  than  tobacco 
with  the  object  to  supply  it  for  manu- 
facture of  tobacco. 

"Any  manufacturer  or  dealer  who 
has  any  leaf  tobacco  placed  in  ware- 
houses outside  of  his  establishment 
shall  send  a  report,  countersigned  by 
the  proprietor  of  such  warehouses,  to 
the  local  monopol}'  office,  indicating 
the  location  of  warehouses  and  quantity 
of  each  of  different  kinds  of  leaf  to- 
bacco, this  report  to  be  repeated  when- 
ever the  places  of  storage  are  changed. 

"Manufacturers  and  dealers  must 
keep  books,  and  enter  therein  particu- 
lars of  all  business  transactions  to  be 
submitted  to  the  examination  of  the 
proper  officers,  who  will  visit  them 
from  time  to  time. 

"Any  leaf  tobacco  not  sold  by  the 
government,  if  found  in  possession  of 
any  manufacturer  or  dealer,  will  be 
collected  by  the  government,  whomso- 
ever it  may  belong  to,  and  remunera- 
tion will  be  paid  at  the  proper  rate. 

"The  government  can  inspect  ware- 
houses or  any  place  tf  storage  of  to- 
bacco belonging  to  anyone  whatever, 
so  the  officers  authorized  can  enter  any 
place  where  tobacco  is  kept,  or  supposed 
to  be  kept,  and  take  necessarj'  measures 
for  proper  supervision.  If  in  course  of 
transmission  it  can  be  examined  on  the 
spot,  wherever  it  may  be." 

With  regard  to  the  effect  of  this 
monopoly  upon  the  tobacco  growing 
industry  of  the  empire,  in  the  interest 
of  which  it  was  adopted,  and  the  re- 
sults that  have  accrued  to  the  Ameri- 
can export  trade  in  leaf  tobacco,  United 
.States  Consul  Lyon,  of  Kobe,  Japan, 
in  his  last  annual  report  makes  the 
following  interesting  statement: 


"From    January    1    to   August    15, 

1899,  there  existed  a  duty  of  35  per 
cent,  on  leaf  tobacco;  and  from  the 
latter  date  the  Japanese  government 
has  monopolized  the  import.  While 
the  35  per  cent,  duty  was  in  force,  and 
in  anticipation  of  the  exclusive  im- 
portation by  the  Japanese  government, 
there  was  imported  bj"  merchants  and 
manufacturers  an  enormous  quantity 
of  leaf  tobacco,  valued  at  #2,5^3,004, 
against  |2, 254, 774  in  isys,  and  |15i),- 
785  in  1897.  The  import  of  1899 
seems  to  have  glutted  the  market 
during  the  two  years  following,  and  to 
have  destroyed  the  government's 
chances  to  do  much  business  in  the 
commodity,  the  value  of  the  import 
having    decreased    to|22G,237    during 

1900,  and  to  |15,075  in  1901.  The 
establishment  of  the  government 
monopoly  has  had  the  effect  to  en- 
courage the  raising  of  tobacco  in  this 
country  upon  a  much  larger  scale  than 
formerly,  official  estimates  increasing 
the  acreage  of  1902  to  til, 358  acres, 
expected  to  yield  78,177,012  pounds. 

"As  to  quantity,  the  Japanese  are 
not  such  excessive  users  of  tobacco 
individually  as  are  found  in  many 
other  countries  They  make  more 
frequent  use  of  it,  but  in  lesser 
quantities;  the  small  Japanese  pipe, 
carried  at  the  belt  and  holding  less 
than  a  thimbleful,  being  emptied 
many  times  a  day.  Tobacco  is  largely 
u.sed  by  the  natives  at  seaports  and  in 
larger  cities  in  the  form  of  cigarettes. 
Many  are  consumed  by  the  jinrikisha 
men,  and  when  one  is  called,  he  places 
the  cigarette  behind  his  ear,  ready  for 
another  draw  at  the  end  of  his  run. 

"The  American  Tobacco  Company 
has  recently  invaded  this  country  with 
large  capital  and  up-to-date  methods, 
and  are  continuing  to  absorb  the  tiade. 
There  were  shipped  from  this  port  last 
year  cigarettes  valued  at  fU8 1,490, 
against  a  total  export  of  |838,293,  and 
nearly  all  the  balance  was  sent  from 
Osaka,  in  this  consular  distiict.  Home 
70  per  cent,  of  the  whole  was  shipped 
to  China.  During  1900  the  export  of 
cigarettes  to  China  was  more  than 
doubled,  and  during  1901  that  of  1900 
was  more  than  trebled.  The  duty  on 
manufactured  tobacco  remains  at  150 
per  cent. ' ' 


In  New  South  Wales 

In  a  report  to  the  Department  of 
Commerce  and  Labor,  Consul  Baker  at 
Sydnej',  New  South  Wales,  states  that 
in  the  year  1897  there  were  5,002  acres 
Ijlanted  in  tobacco,  but  in  1901  only 
1,053;  so  that  it  may  be  said  that  the 
cultivation  of  tobacco  in  New  South 
Wales  has  been  somewhat  of  a  failure, 
but  yet  it  has  not  been  given  up. 


Siamese  Twins  Freak 

L.  A.  Pearson,  dealer  in  leaf  tobacco 
in  West  Milton.  Ohio,  has  a  decided 
novelty  and  one  which  is  very  inter- 
esting. It  is  a  "freak"  tobacco  leaf 
and  naturallv  suggests  "Siamese- 
Twins,"  inasmuch  as  it  consists  of  two 
leaves  on  one  stem  that  grew  at  right 
angles  with  each  other.  The  variety 
is  the  Gebhart  Seed.  The  leaves  are 
jierfectly  formed  and  about  twenty 
inches    in  length. 


Sake  Steam  Engine 

JIN  NO  UN  CEMENT 


WE  have  just  placed  on  sale  in 
the  new  store  of  E.  U.  Dens- 
low,  218  State  Street,  Hartford, 
Conn.,  a  full  line  of  up-to-date 
farm  machinery.  We  make  a  spe- 
cialty of  Steam,  Gas  and  Gaso- 
lene Engines,  and  every  courtesy 
will  be  extended  by  Mr.  Denslow 
to  those  who  are  looking-  for  any- 
thing- in  this  line. 

THE     B.     I^.      BRAGG      CO. 
Springfield,  MassacHtisetts 


^^^^^  William  J  DixoM., 

.  grVV^S*!  803  Main.  Stbeet.  ^     ^M 


YOUR  CASH  IS  SAFE. 

In  our  fire-proof  and  burglar- 
proof  vaults,  your  money  is  ab- 
solutely safe. 

The    safest  way  to  do  busi- 
ness now-a-days  is  to  deposit  | 
your  money  and  settle  your  ac- 
counts by  check. 

Errors  and  disputes  are  prac- 
tically unknown   where  checks  I 
are  used,  because  the  voucher  | 
serves  as  a  receipt  and  record. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


1 1 


E<ssex  vSpecial  Tobacco 
Manure 


and 

Tobacco 

Starter 


LTHOUGH  the  prices  of  chemicals  have  ad- 
vanced very  much  during  the  past  season,  we 
guarantee  to  keep  the  analyses  of  all  the  high- 
grade  Essex  Specials  fully  up  to  the  high  stand- 
ard of  preceding  years. CThe  Growers  that  use  our  to- 
bacco goods  are  among  the  most  successful  raisers  in 
the  Valley,  getting  good  weight  and  a  large  percentage 
of  light  goods  in  all  seasons.  CBuy  our  Tobacco 
Starter  for  your  seed-beds,  your  plants  will  be  from  ten 
days  to  two  weeks  earlier  than  those  grown  on  any  other 
formula.  CSend  for  our  1904  Catalogue. 


RUvSvSIA  CEMBNT  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS      £/    £/    j^     ^    j£f    .0 

GLOUCESTER.  ^'MASS. 


E.    B.  KIBBE,    General    Agent,    Box   752.  Hartford,  Conn. 


Tobacco    in    France 

Quantity  Boug'Ht.  -  Increased    P'roduction    and 
Consumption 


HE  Departjiient  of   Coiiiinerie 
and     Labor,     at    Washington, 
has  received  the  following  re- 
port of  United  States   Consul 
Thornwell  Haynes.    stationed 
at  Kouen,  France,  on    the  tobacco  pro- 
duction and  consumption  in  tliat  conn- 
try. 

In  June,  1901,  a  bill  was  brought 
before  the  French  senate  to  obtain  for 
the  whole  of  France  the  right  to  cul- 
tivate tobacco.  This  bill  was  presented 
in  the  three  following   articles: 

"I.  The  cultivation  of  tobacco  is 
authorized  in  the  departments  which 
ask  such  anthoiization,  and  wherein 
the  soil  and  climate  are  recognized  as 
favorable  to  the  production  of  the  plant. 
"II.  Article  III  of  the  law  of  Feb- 
ruary 12,  183.5,  is  modified  a.s  follows: 
The  minister  of  finance  will  each  year 
divide  the  number  of  hectares  to  be 
cultivated,  and  will  spend  at  least  two- 
thirds  of  the  monej'  provided  for  the' 
provisionment  of  the  national  manu- 
factories for  the  purcha.se  of  French 
tobacco. 

"III.  There  will  be  created  a  new 
kind  of  tobacco  manufactured  exclu- 
sively of  French  jnoduction,  and  which 
will  be  sold  at  a  less  price  than  that 
known  as  'caporal  ordinaire.'  " 


Three  weeks  ago  this  bill  was  again 
discussed  by  the  senate,  the  agricul- 
tural gioitpof  which  has  fully  sanc- 
tioned it,  i>'S  well  as  thirty  •two"conseils 
generaux, "  and  the  press  of  every 
political  opinion. 

The  principal  object  claimed  by 
those  who  have  brought  the  bill  foi- 
ward  is  to  Ijeep  in  France  the  millions 
now  paid  abroad,  to  augment  the 
treasury  without  injuring  the  present 
departments  in  which  tobacco  is  now 
grown,  and  to  favor  the  consumption 
of  tobacco  by  creating  a  new  type  of 
which  the  price  will  permit  the  work- 
man to  satisf}'  his  taste  more  economi- 
cally. 

During  1900  and  1901  the  French 
Parliament  placed  110,229,000  at  the 
disposition  of  the  administration  of 
tobacco,  and  in  1903  the  sum  was 
raised  to  Ijsl  1,1  94,000.  Of  the  |10,229,- 
000  expended  In  1900  and  1901,  some 
$4,500,000  was  spent  for  French  pro- 
duction, from  which  some  l|7'('3,000 
must  be  deducted  for  foreign  cigars 
and  cigarettes,  which  French  manufac- 
turers do  not  produce.  This  leaves 
ifO, 000,000  and  more  which  yearly  goes 
abroad  for  foieign  tobacco,  and  which, 
according  to  the  promoters  of  the  bill, 
could  easily  be  iept  at  home  by  raising 


tobacco  in  Fiance.  The  total  amount 
of  sales  in  these  two  years  was  179.902.- 
000,  giving  a  net  profit  of  neariy  |(i4,- 
.'iOO.OOO.  "  This  monopoly  must  serve 
the  interests  of  our  citizens,"  says  the 
promoteis  of  the  bill.  There  is  no 
doubt  but  that  at  present  the  govern- 
ment aids  departments  which  are  not 
in  soil  and  climate  altogether  favoiable 
to  the  culture  of  tobacco,  while  refus- 
ing it  to  those  exceptionally  favorable. 
French  tobacco  raisers  in  1909  and 
1901  received  |166aud$170  per  ton, 
while  for  foreign  tobacco  the  adminis 
tration  paid  |270  per  ton  in  1900  and 
$262  in  1901.  In  1898,  |340,  or  exactly 
double  the  price  of  home  raised  to- 
bacco, was  paid  for  the  foreign  article. 

Before  1870  tobacco  culture  in 
France  embraced  about  34,000  acres. 
Alsace-Lorraine  alone  produced  7,000 
to  8,000  tons,  or  one-third  the  national 
production.  Since  then  the  consump- 
tion has  rapidly  increased,  although 
the  government  during  the  thirty-three 
years  has  authorized  only  5,000  acres 
more  to  be  cultivated,  when  accoiding 
to  consumption  some  16,000  or  17,000 
acres  more  were  necessary. 

The  sale  of  tobacco  of  every  kind  in 
1870  amounted  to  133.000,000:  in 
1901,  to  167,740,000,  or  more  than 
double  the  figure  of  1870.  In  1870  the 
consumption  of  tobacco  was  19,000 
tons,  representing  a  sum  of  124,00'', 000 
in  receipts:  in  1901.  27,000  tons  were 
bought,  or  over  $19,000,000  worth 
more  than  in  1870,  upon  which  $47,- 
000,000  were  realized. 


12 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


THe  Leaf  in  Austria 

Tobacco     Monopoly     Maintained     by     tHe 
Government 


US.  CONSUL  IlessfeUl,  at  Trieste, 
•  Austria,  furwartls  to  the  De- 
partment of  Coiuiaerce  and  Labor  in 
Washington  an  interesting  report  upon 
the  operation  of  the  Austrian  tobacco 
monopoly.      Mr.  Hessfeld  say.s: 

"The  manufacture  and  sale  of  to- 
bacco is  a  state  monopoly  in  Austria, 
which  nets  the  national  treasury  over 
$27,000,000  a  year.  Tbe  government 
purchases  the  raw  material,  manufac- 
tures it  into  cigars,  cigarettes,  smoking 
tobacco  and  snuff,  and  sells  to  the  con- 
sumer through  licensed  agents,  who 
receive  a  fixed  commission — averaging 
about  ten  per  cent.  —  on  the  proceeds  of 
their  sales. 

"The  frices  are  uniform  throughout 
the  Empire.  There  are  in  all  fourteen 
brands  of  domestic  cigars  and  eleven 
brands  of  cigarettes,  the  prices  of  the 
former  ranging  from  0.  G  cent  to  3.fi 
cents,  and  those  of  the  latter  from  0.2 
to  1.2  cents.  Of  smoking  tobacco  the 
state  manufactures  twenty-six  vari- 
eties, which  are  sold  at  from  18  cents 
to  12.80  a  pound.  This  tobacco  is 
usually  put  up  in  packages  containing 
from  one  to  six  ounces.  The  govern- 
ment  factories   produce,    furthermore, 


no  less  than  twenty-seven  different 
kinds  of  snuff.  This  commodity  is 
also  put  up  in  similar  packages. 
Commoji  snuff'  is  sold  at  the  rate  of 
28  cents,  and  the  best  quality  at  the 
rate  of  74  cents  per  pound. 

"Chewing  not  being  a  popular  habit 
in  Austria,  the  state  manufactures  but 
two  kinds  of  chewing  tobacco—  both  of 
the  twist  variety.  This  tobacco  is 
especially  cheap,  twists  weighing  1^,^ 
ounces,  costing  only  1.2  and  1.8  cents, 
respectively. 

"In  the  sale  of  all  the  various 
products  of  tobacco  the  state  adheres 
strictly  to  the  post-office  principle  of 
allowing  no  discounts  on  large  sales. 
Whether  the  consumer  buys  one  cigar 
or  a  hundred,  an  ounce  or  a  pound  of 
snuff',  the  rate  is  the  same. 

"The  total  amount  spent  for  tobacco 
during  the  year  1902  was  |44,.')74,000, 
or  about  .Ifl.lfi  per  capita.  The 
amount  expended  by  the  state  for  raw 
material,  salaries,  wages,  commissions, 
etc.,  was  !|lG.f)22,000.  The  state  man- 
ufactured in  its  thirty  factories  1,307,- 
000,000  cigars,  3,114,000,000  cigar- 
ettes, 526,756,000  pounds  of  smoking 
tobacco,  30,062,560    pounds  of  snuff'.'' 


Applications  of  Fertilizers 

Phosphoric  acid  and  potash,  even  in 
water-soluble  forms,  do  not  leach  out 
of  the  soil  to  any  appreciable  extent. 
On  the  contrarj',  they  do  not  distribute 
themselves  well  enough,  and  therefore 
should  be  applied  to  some  depth. 

Nitrogen,  on  the  other  hand,  finally 
leaches  out  of  the  soil  unless  taken  up 
by  the  roots  of  plants.  In  some  ma- 
terials it  is  much  less  readily  soluble 
than  in  others. 

Tankage,  for  example,  should  be  ap- 
plied deep,  and  it  is  well  to  mix  cotton- 
seed-meal and  blood  with  the  soil;  but 
nitrate  of  soda  and  ammonium  ."ul- 
phate  should  nearly  always  be  applied 
as  surface  dressings. 

Only  one  application  is  advised  for 
ammonium  sulphate,  but  when  large 
quantities,  ovei  200  pounds  to  the  acre, 
of  nitrate  are  to  be  used,  two  applica- 
tions of  100  pounds  each  are  often 
made  to  advantage,  one  when  the 
plants  are  first  coming  up,  and  the 
other  two  or  three  weeks  later. 

Potash  salts  when  used  in  quantity, 
100  pounds  or  more  to  the  acre,  are 
well  applied  in  the  fall,  so  that  the 
winter  rains  may  take  out  the  chlorine, 
wnich  when  combined  with  either  lime 
or  magnesia  acts  in  a  detrimental 
manner  to  plant  growth.  Lime  is  also 
well  applied  in  the  fall. 

Acid  phosphate  when  used  as  a  top 
dressing  may  be  applied  either  in  the 
fall  or  early  spring. 

■When  a  small  amount  of  fertilizer  is 


to  be  uaed,  it  is  best  applied  as  the 
seed  is  sown  or  as  the  plants  are  set 
out,  in  the  row  or  in  the  hill  ot,  when 
practicable,  drilled  with  crops  which 
are  drilled.  As  a  general  rule  only 
a  heavy  application  of  a  complete  fer- 
tilizer, saj'  1,000  pounds  or  more  to 
the  acre,  is  recommended  to  be  applied 
broadcast  and  worked  into  the  soil  for 
crops  which  are  planted  in  rows. 

Factory  Burned  in  Tampa 

Hickman  Brothers'  cigar  factoiy,  at 
Tampa,  Florida,  v;ith  a  large  quantity 
of  tobacco  on  hand,  was  burned  to  the 
ground  April  1.  Two  frame  buildings 
adjoining  the  factory  were  also  con- 
sumed. 

WANT  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


Advertisements  under  this  head  cost  one 
cent  a  word  each  time;  no  au  vertisement  taken 
for  less  tliaii  twentj'  cents;  cash  or  stamps 
must  accompany  orders,  which  should  be  re- 
ceived by  the  25th  of  the  moiilh. 

FOR    SALE,    NORWICH     HILL,     MASS. 

A  small  farm;  house  of  eij^ht  rooms;  g-ood 
barn;  henhouses;  plenty  of  fruit;  running- 
water;  near  post-office,  school  and  store;  stag-e 
to  Northampton  and  Huntington  daily;  a  yood 
summer  home. 

D.  H.  HATCH,  Norwich.  Mass. 

JENKINS    &    BARKER, 

Successors  to  Col.  Charles  L.  Bordett. 

Patent  and  Tradi*  Mark  Causes. 
Solicitors  of  United  Slates  and   Koreig-n  Pat- 
ents, Desij^'us  and  Trade  Marks. 

FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING, 
50  State  Street,      -     Hartford,  Connecticot, 


Shade-Grown  Sumatra 
and  Shade-Grown 
Cuban  Wrappers 

FOR.  SXLt  IN  QUANTITIES 
\i  DEilR-ED 

Write  for  Samples  and  Prices 

FOSTER 

Drawer  42.      Hartford,  Conn. 


THE    USE    OF    AN 


Underwood 
Typewriter 


will  increase  your  business. 

Rent    one    for    a    month     and 
watch  the  result. 


Underwood 
Typewriter 
Company, 

rSS.rs?  Main  Street, 
HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT. 


STUDIO 

1300    MAIN    ST..     HARTFORD 

Leading  Artist  in  Photo^rapKy 
and  General  Portraiture. 

Our  photot,'rai)hs  are  not  "shade"  grown  but 
are  made  with  the  clearness  and  exact  likeness 
that  win  for  us  pertiianent  customers.  We  are 
after  your  photoprapliic  trade.  Studio,  lOSti 
Main  St.,  Opposite  Morgan  St. 

HEJtDQUJtRTERS  FOR 

mnu  mnmi 

F.  F.  SMALL  &  CO., 

9S  Peart  St.,   HMRTFORD,    COMM. 
14  Fort  St.,  SPRINGFIELD,  MMSS, 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


)3 


Ji  Decision  of  Interest 

In  the  cane  nf  the  M.  &  E.  Soloiimii 
Tobacco  Co.  vs.  SiiiKiii  Aueiliach  & 
Co.,  which  was  tried  in  New  York  re- 
cently, judgnieiit  was  rendered  in 
favor  of  the  pbuntiflEs  for  upwards  of 
^800.  The  case  is  an  important  one 
to  the  tobacco  trade,  and  is  one  of  a 
series  of  cases  involvin;;  einiihir  qnes- 
tion.s  which  are  pending  aL'idnst  vari- 
ous importers  of  tobacco.  Attorneys 
Cxnggenheimer,  Untermyer  &  Marshall, 
who  represent  the  plaintiffs,  have 
made  settlements  for  their  clients  in  a 
number  of  cases  heretofoie  brought  by 
them.  The  defendants  are  represented 
by  Attorneys  Einstein,  Townsend  & 
Guitevman.  The  fact.s  as  disclosed  on 
the  trial  are  substantially  as  follows; 

The  M.  &  E.  Hohuuon  Tobacco  Co., 
about  ten  years  ago,  purchased  a  quan- 
tity of  Sumatra  tobacco  which  Simon 
Aueibach  &  Co.  had  imported.  The 
duty  was  to  be  paid  by  the  purchaser 
on  the  government  appraisement  as 
made,  with  the  understanding  that  if 
on  a  reappraisement  it  should  be  ascer- 
tained that  a  lesser  amount  of  duty 
was  imposed,  the  purchaser  would 
have  the  benefit  of  the  difference. 
The  tobacco  wa.s  appraised  at  sixty- 
one  cents  per  pound.  Protests  were 
made  by  the  importers,  and  proceed- 
ings then  remained  in  abeyance  for  a 
number  of  years,  until  after  the  de- 
cision of  the  Blumlein  case,  in  which  a 
decision  was  rendered  which  resulted 
in  a  reappraisal  of  the  tobacco  in  ques- 
tion at  thirty-five  cents  per  pound. 
The  attorneys  who  represented  the  im- 
porters, as  a  result  of  proceedings 
which  were  instituted,  which  were 
tediously  long,  recovered  upon  this 
particular  purchase  about  |1,400,  re- 
taining one-half  as  compensation  for 
their  services.  The  M.  &  E.  Solomon 
Tobacco  Co.  demanded  the  difference 
of  the  sum  so  recovered,  and  payment 
having  been  refused,  brought  -this  ac- 
tion, with  the  result  already  .stated. 
The  I905  Turkish  Crop 

On  account  of  the  corruption  of 
many  of  the  offlcials,  as  well  as  of  the 
smuggling  carried  on  in  all  parts  of 
the  sultanate,  it  is  difiicult  to  obtain 
accurate  figures  as  to  the  output  of 
Turkish  tobacco.  The  official  returns 
range  from  ten  to  twenty-five  per  cent, 
below  the  actual  amounts.  Making 
due  allowance  for  this  condition  of 
affairs,  it  may  be  stated  that  the  to- 
bacco production  of  Turkey  in  1903 
was  90,000,000  pounds,  as  against  75,- 
000,000  in  1903.  The  increase  in 
quantity  was  not  accompanied  by  an 
increase  in  quality.  On  the  contrary, 
the  output  of  fine  leaf  was  no  larger,  if 
as  large  as  in  the  previous  year. 

This  output,  though  the  largest  on 
record,  was  insufficient  to  meet  the 
demand — particularly  that  for  the 
finer  qualities.  As  a  result,  quanti- 
ties were  imported  into  the  Turkish 
marKets  from  Ureece,  Herzegovina, 
Montenegro,  Albania,  Bosnia  and 
Roumelia. 

As  to  quality,  the  1903  crop  showed 
20  per  cent,  medium,  and  30  per  cent, 
poor;  while     of   the    1903     crop,    the 


Baker's  Traceless  Harness 

I  Ins  lianii'^s  is  pari  icul.ul  y  valualiU-  lo  ti)l.a<:tu  ltow- 
i-rs,  hiiili  ill    iii(.  ctiUivation   of  open   ami    tloih   «ov.T«-d 
licUls.     Ouirii^td  tlie  absence  of  whiftk-treL-s  and  traces. 
closer  w«jrkcaii  he  done  with  teams  every  where.  It  is  the 
lartner's'-llaitdy  Harness."  saves  labor,  and  makes  farm 
work  easier.     Invaluable  to  every  fruit  KTower,  orchard- 
i^t  and   liinibcrman.     indorsed  by    users    everywhere. 

Wriie  to-day  for  free  catalotrne. 
B.  F.  BAKER  CO.,     ?  14  Main  St.,  Burnt  Hills,  N.  Y- 

ACME 

SIZHS 

3  to  13)4  feet 

Agents 
Wanted 


Pulverizing  Harrow 

Clod  Crustier  and  Leveleri 

best  pulverizer — cheapest  Riding  Harrow 

.rth.       We  also  make  walkiii),'  ACMES. 

Acme   crushes,    cuts,   pulverizes,  turns 

levels  all  soils  for   all   purposes.     Made 

entiitlv     of    cast    steel     and 

vvioukIU  iron — lAdeslructible. 

Sent  on  Trial 


To  be  returned  at  my  ex- 
pense if  not  satisfactory. 
Catalogue   and  Booklet. 
"An  Ideal  Harrow" 
_  _  by  Henry  Stewart, 

mailed  free. 
T  drhvtr  fob     it  ^ew  York,  Cbicaco,  Colotnbos  Louisville  Kansas  City.  Minneapolis  SanFrancisco,  Portland, etc 

DUANE  H.  NASH,  Sole  Manufacturer.  Miilington,  New  Jersey. 

Branch  Houses:   1  1  O  Washington  51..  Chicago.   i^40  7lh  Awe.  So.,  Minneapolis.     i3i6  W.  8th  SI.,  Kansas  City. 
i"LJS.\SK  JIE^TION  VHIS  PAPEB. 


ratio  wa?  i^,")  per  cent,  tine,  80  per 
cent,  good,  20  pei  cent,  medium,  and 
15  per  cent.  poor. 

The  poor  and  medium  grades  are  in 
strong  demand,  being  bought  by  the 
Austrian,       Hungarian,       Roumanian, 


Italian  and  French  monopolies,  as  well 
as  by  Turkish,  Egyptian,  Swiss  and 
German  cigarette  manufacturers.  A 
moderate  but  increasing  amount  comes 
to  the  United  States  foi  the  low-grade 
cigarettes  which  now  flood  the  market. 


Washing 
Powder 

rag  issKg^ftj^  mid 
S-«t  and  Company 


CHICAGO 


Swiffs 

Washing 
Powder 


— foB- 


CLOTHING 

WOOLENS 


Swift's  Washing  Powder  is  the  Tidy  Housewife's  best  friend. 
Try  a  package  and  see  for  yourself. 

SWIFT     PROVISION     COMPANY, 


IQJ JOHN,  STREET, 


BOSTON,    MASS, 


14 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Plea     From     PHilippines 

Memorial    Sent    to     AVasHington    A.sKing     for     Free 
Entry    to     United     States 


THE  following  lueiiioriHl,  asking 
for  the  free  entry  of  Philippine 
tobacco  into  the  United  States,  has 
been  received  at  Washington: 

"Your  petitioners,  tht  majority  of 
whom  are  workers  in  the  tobacco  fac- 
tories of  Manila,  and  all  of  them  resi- 
dents of  this  capital,  on  behalf  of 
themselves,  their  fellow  workmen  and 
families,  who  are  at  present  in  the 
direst  poverty,  have  the  honor  to  ask 
the  honorable  the  civil  governor  of 
these  islands  that  he  obtain  from  the 
government  and  Congress  of  the  United 
Slates  prompt  legislative  measures  in 
a  Philippine  tariff  bill  which  will  grant 
the  free  entry  into  the  United  States 
of  Philippine  tobacco,  especially  the 
manufactured  ai tide,  the  existence  of 
many  thousands  of  workers  being  de- 
pendent upon  it. 

"The  free  entry  of  Philippine  manu- 
factured tobacco  into  the  United  States 
cannot  harm  the  interests  of  the 
American  manufacturers  of  this 
article, , for  the  reason  that  the  Manila 
factories  could  at  the  most  export  a 
maximum  of  150,000,000  cigars  annu- 
ally, while  the  yearly  consumption  in 
America  is  calculated  at  more  than 
ti, 300,000, 000. 

"Moreover,  the  industry  in  the 
Philippines  cannot  enter  into  serious 
competition  with  that  in  America,  for 
it  is  well  known  that  here  the  means 
of  cultivation  and  production  are  prim- 
itive, the  methods  of  manufacture  have 
reached  but  a  small  degree  of  perfec- 
tion, and,  without  doubt,  the  finished 
article  would  be  very  acceptable  to  the 
great  ma.ioiity  of  American  consum- 
ers. 

"The  tobacco  industry  in  the  Philip- 
pines, that  for  years  has  furnished  a 
decent  livelihood  and  future  to  thous- 
ands of  families,  is  today  threatened 
with  imminent  ruin  because  the  best 
foreign  markets  have  been  lost  to  it, 
and  this  has  brought  about  the  closing 
of  many  factories  in  Manila.  Every- 
one must  have  noted  that  thousands  of 
Filipino  tobacco  workers  who  two  or 
three  years  ago  packed  even  the  largest 
streets  of  this  city  morning  and  eve- 
ning are  no  longer  seen. 

"During  the  last  fiscal  year  the  value 
of  exports  of  manufactured  tobacco 
diminished  fifty  percent.,  equivalent 
to  about  2,000,000  Mexican  pesos, 
which  signifies  the  shutting  down  of 
many  factories  and  the  throwing  out  of 
employment  of  approximately  3,000 
workers,  and  these  figures  will  in- 
crease from  year  to  year  so  long  as 
present  legislation  afiiecting  this  mat- 
ter is  in  force. 

"We  ate  certain  that  the  govern- 
ijient  which  rules  over  us  will  extend 
its  protection  to  this  very  important 
industry  of  the  country, and  will  within 
the  shortest  possible   time   make   the 


voice  of  the  working  cla.sses  of  the 
Philippines  be  heard  by  the  govern- 
ment at  Washington  in  order  that 
prompt  legislation  maj'  he  had." 

Considerable  attention  has  been  at- 
tracted in  this  connection  to  an  inter- 
view with  Baron  Koniura,  Minister  of 
Foreign  Affairs  of  Japan,  recently 
published  at  Washington  over  the 
signature  of  Alonzo  H.  Stewart.  Mr. 
Stewart  is  the  assistant  doorkeeper  of 
the  United  States  Senate,  and  visited 
the  Philippine  Islands  and  .Japan  during 
the  last  congressional  reces.s  as  a  special 
commissioner  of  the  department  of 
agriculture  to  investigate  the  resources 
of  the  Philippines  and  the  marketing  of 
their  products.  Mr.  Stewart  received 
the  impression  frotn  several  confer- 
ences with  Baron  Komura  that  Jajjan 
would  be  willing  to  negotiate  a  treaty 
with  the  United  States  under  which, 
foi  certain  minor  privileges  under  our 
navigation  laws,  Japan  would  make  a 
specially  favorable  rate  of  duty  on 
Philippine  tobacco,  which  would 
thereby  be  absorbed  and  the  pressure 
for  its  admission  into  the  United  States 
removed.  In       inesenting      Baron 

Komura' s  views,  Mr.  Stewart  says; 

"Those  products  of  the  Orient  which 
compete  with  the  products  of  the  Occi- 
dent should  be  raised  in  the  Orient, 
manufacured  in  the  Orient  and  sold  in 
the  Orient,  and  it  is  only  in  this  man- 
ner that  inevitable  conflict  Ijetween  the 
two  can  be  averted.  Where  the  Occi- 
dent and  the  Orient  come  into  conflict, 
individually  the  Occident  may  be 
supreme;  collectively,  the  Orient  forces 
everything  to  his  own  level  or 
standard. 

"This  led  me  to  ask  him  where,  as 
in  the  case  of  the  United  States,  one 
country  controls  the  destinies  of  both 
an  Occidental  and  Oriental  race,  each 
of  whom  raise  similar  products,  how 
they  could  be  governed  without  a  con- 
flict of  interests.  He  expressed  him.self 
of  the  belief  that  to  harmoniously 
govern  the  Occident  and  the  Orient  un- 
der one  Pag,  as  the  United  States  is 
trying  to  do,  laws  should  be  enacted  so 
as  to  prevent  the  labor  and  products  of 
the  one  from  coming  into  competition 
with  those  of  the  other,  otherwise  the 
laborers  receiving  the  highest  wages 
must  work  at  the  price  and  accept  the 
wages  paid  to  those  who  can  produce 
the  cheapest.  This  naturally  brought 
us  to  a  discussion  of  the  articles  capable 
of  production  in  the  Philippines,  and 
especially  those  desired  by  Japan. 

"'There  are  two  products  of  the 
Philippines,'  he  said,  'which  the  Jap- 
anese people  would  gladly  take,  and 
for  many  years  to  come  could  absorb 
the  total  production— tobacco  and 
sugar. ' 

"Japan,  it  seems,  is  establishing  a 
government  monopoly  in   tobacco,  and 


it  is   found    that   the    tobacco    of    the 
Philippines  is  the  best    tobacco  for  the 
Orient,  because    it  can   stand    a  moist 
climate  better  than  tobacco  raised  any- 
where  else.       This,    coupled    with  the 
exceedingly    low    cost    ot     production, 
might    warrant  Japan    in    making    ar- 
rangements   with    the    United    States, 
either  by  treaty  or  otherwise,  whereby 
Philippine  tobacco  would  have   a  prac- 
tical monopoly  in  Japan,    and  through 
it   become    tlie    tobacco      of     China. 
This    would    develop    the     Philippines 
with  great  rapidity,  provided    an  agri- 
cultural  class    of    people    could  be   in- 
duced to   settle  in  those    islands  for  its 
cultivation.     The  only   competitors  of 
Oriental  tobacco  would  be  the  tropical 
colonies  of    England,    France    and    the 
Netheilands. " 


lot 

THAT 
MY 


are  those  that  reach 
just  the  class  of  peo- 
ple to  whom  you 
want  to  sell  your 
go&ds. 

If  you  want  to  do 
business  with  the  to- 
bacco g  rowers  of  New 
England,  the  adver- 
tising medium  to  use 
is  The  New  Eng- 
I,  AND  Tobacco 
Grower. 

Intelligent  adver- 
tising in  The  New 
England  Tobacco 
Grower  makes  good 
customers.  It  brings 
not  merely  a  tran- 
s  i  e  n  t  trade,  but 
steady  business,  for 
the  tobacco  growing 
industry  is  such  that 
the  grower  finds 
himself  in  need  of 
new  equipment  and 
new  supplies  at 
every  season  of  the 
year. 


^fye      NEW      ENGLAND 
TOBACCO     GRO"WER, 


Hartford. 


Connecticut. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


t5 


^^wwuwywvk'vwvwwwwvwk'wwvwyywykvwv^^ 


luthe:r  m.  case:. 


WINSTED,   CONNECTICUT, 

Packer  and  Dealer  in 


Connecticut    Leaf  Tobacco. 
Shade    Grown  j^j^ 
Sumatra    in    Bales. 


Main  Warehouse  and  Office,   Pine  Meadow,  Conn. 


BRMMCH    IVJtREHOVSES: 

Southwlclt,  Mass.,— Foreman,  H.  L.  Miller. 
East  Canaan.  Conn.,— Foreman,  L.  F.  lironson. 
IJarkhamsted,  Conn.,— Foreman,  L-  A.  T,ee. 
North  Hatfield,  Mass.,— Foreman.  Willis  Holden. 
New  Hartford.  Conn.,— Foreman,  James  Stewart. 


SUMATRA    PLANTATIONS: 

Pine   Meadow,  Conn., 25    Acres 

Barkhamsted,  Conn.,       20    Acres 

Southwick,  Mass.,  15    Acres 


Always  in  the  market  for  old  Tobncco  if  well 
assorted  and  packed.  ^  Havana  Seed  Wrap- 
pers a  specialty,  assorted  and  sized  into 
thirty-two  grades.        ...... 


Jy' 


''^mmmmfmmmmmfmmmm^m^f^. 


Trend,  of  Immigration 

Some  of  the  Southern  States  are 
waking  up  to  the  need  of  adding 
to  their  wliite  population.  An  indus- 
trial revolution  is  going  on  at  the 
South.  The  increase  in  cotton  manu- 
facturing has  called  thousands  of  white 
people  away  from  the  farms  to  the 
factory.  Several  causes,  among  others 
the  danger  from  the  boll  weevil,  are 
changing  the  whole  aspect  of  cotton 
growing.  The  result  is  that  the  South 
feels  the  need  of  diversified  farming  as 
never  before,  while  the  necessary 
skilled  labor  is  lacking.  Southern 
agriculture  would  be  more  promising 
today  if  during  the  past  30  years 
thousands  of  the  best  negroes  could 
have  been  trained  to  skillful  service  on 
the  farm. 

The  majority  of  leading  men  do  not 
apparently  believe  yet  that  such  train- 
ing is  possible,  and  they  aie  hoping  to 
attract  immigrants  from  southern 
Europe.  South  Carolina  will  send  an 
agricultural  commissioner  abroad  to 
present  the  advantages  of  that  State. 
It  seems  to  us  that  the  South  has 
waited  too  long.  Foreigners  have 
already  spread  all  over  the  North  and 
West.  In  1900  there  were  in  New 
York  City  alone  2,213,0.58  persons 
with  both  parents  born  in  foreign 
countries.  Those  who  come  now  are 
most  likely  to  go  where  their  friends 
or  relatives  are  located  and  as  the 
irrigated   districts   are   opened    in  the 


Far  West  immigrants  Irom  southern 
Europe  will  be  likely  to  go  there  if 
they  see  farm  work  at  all. 

We  do  not  think  the  southern  people 
can  seriously  expect  to  attract  immi- 
grants from  northern  Europe,  for  such 
immigration  flows  along  close  lines  of 
latitude,  and  rarely  goes  very  far 
south.  Another  thing  which  the 
southern  people  must  consider  is  the 
evident  fact  that  the  northeastern  part 
of  this  country  will  hereafter  attract 
from  other  sections  instead  of  sending 
its  own  people  away.  New  York,  New 
England  and  Pennsylvania  have  dur- 
ing the  past  50  years  sent  millions  of 
men  and  women  and  millions  more  in 
money  to  settle  and  develop  the  West. 

Now  a  movement  has  started  to  stop 
this  flow,  and  start  it  back  again. 
We  believe  this  will  succeed,  for  the 
eastern  country  has  many  advantages 
which  other  sections  cannot  match. 
We  think  the  South  is  about  20  years 
too  late  in  starting  its  call  for  Euro- 
peans. It  can  no  longer  attract  the 
cream.  The  northern  farm  is  to  have 
its  innings  once  more.  In  New  York 
State  the  struggle  tc  obtain  the  build- 
ing for  the  agricultural  collef;e  is 
bringing  farmers  together  for  a  dozen 
worthy  purposes. — Rural  New  Yorker. 

Glastonbury 

Frank  Urbanski  has  sold  his  tobacco, 
about  twelve  acres,  to  Edward  Good- 
win. 


STABLE  PiPHllItE 

IN   CAR.    OR. 
CARGO  LOT^ 

Prompt  Delivery 

Lowest  Prices 

/{.  M.  Goodrich 


HARTFORD  AND  NEW  YORK 
TRANSPORTATION  COMPANY 

HARTFORD 
CONNECTICUT 


IT'S  A  GOOD 
THING  TO  KNOW: 

The  best  place  in  Uarlford  to  buy  Jew 
elry,  tobuya  watch,  to  have  a  watch 
repaired. 

It's  over  on  Pearl  street,  just  a    little 
way   from  Main. 

GEORGE  W.  BALL, 

Diamond    Broker   and    Jeweler, 
65  PEARL  ST..  HARTFORD.  CONN. 


16 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


^" 


oooooooo  ^"^   o  o  o  o  o  o  ^"^  o  ^^  o  ^^  o  ^^  o  o  o  o  ^"^  o  ^"^  o  ^^  o  ^"^  o 


InLtemational 
Tobacco  ClotH 


^° 


^ 


^' 


^° 


^° 


.;^ 


I  HE  superiority  of  The  International 
Tobacco  Cloth  has  been  fully  dem- 
onstrated in  the  field  €1  High-grade 
material  and  skilful  construction,  combined 
with  long  experience  in  manufacturing  this 
class  of  fabric,  accounts  for  the  superiority 
of  The  International  Tobacco  Cloth  €L  Made 
in  all  required  widths;  shipments  prompt 
and  complete. 


Forbes  ®.  Wallace 

Spring'field,  Mass.  ^  ^ 


o    -^  o 


o  ^.^  o  _—.  o  __.  o 


^^e  New  England 

Tobacco  Grower 


VOL.  V.  No.  4. 


The  Pagoda  rises  to  a 
height  of  52  feet  sur- 
mounted by  a  sphere 
which  supports  a  ship 
sailing  in  a  sea  of  to- 
bacco. 


HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT,  JUNE,  J904. 


■4'   f} 


$J.OO  A  YEAR 


The     entire     structure 
is  covered  with  tobacco, 
and    the    leaf    is    used    in       | 
working    out   clever  dec-         ' 
orative  effects. 


TOBACCO    PAGODA    AT    THE    ST.    LOUIS    EXPOSITION. 


^^^^^ 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


IMPORTJtNT     DECISION 

In  lesponsje  to  an  application  made 
';by  the  Tobacco  Leaf,  the  treasury 
department  has  rendered  an  important 
decision  covering  questions  raised  in  a 
large  niimbor  of  inquiries  with  regard 
to  the  eligibility  to  entry  at  reciprocity 
rates  of  duty  of  Cuban  tobacco  export- 
ed from  the  island  to  a  foreign  coun- 
try before  the  treaty  took  elfect,  and 
imported  into  the  United  States  after 
.the  convention  went  into  force. 

The  geneial  proposition  involved  in 
'these  inquiries  was  ruled  upon  under 
■date  of  February  19  last,  when  the  de- 
paitment  held  that  "articles,  the  pro- 
duct of  the  soil  or  industry  of  Cuba, 
exjioited  to  another  country  and  thence 
imported  into  the  United  States  subse- 
quent to  the  taking  effect  of  the  said 
convention,  are  entitled  to  the  reduc- 
tion of  duty  therein  provided.  "  This 
decision,  however,  did  not  cover  the 
question  of  the  whereabouts  or  custody 
of  the  tobacco  after  its  arrival  in  the 
foreign  country  and  prior  to  its  expor- 
tation to  the  United  States,  nor  did  the 
department  undertake  to  lay  t'own  any 
specifications  as  to  the  character  of  the 
evidence  which  should  be  recjuiied  for 
the  identification  of  the  tobacco 

Considerable  correspondence  has 
since  taken  place  between  the  depart- 
ment and  the  collectors  of  customs  at 
New  York  and  other  leading  ports, 
and,  as  shown  in  this  new  decision, 
the  conclusion  has  been  reached  that 
importers  who  desire  to  bring  into  the 
United  States,  at  the  reduced  lates  of 
duty,  Cuban  leaf  which  was  shipped 
abroad  before  the  treaty  took  effect, 
must  he  prepaied  to  show  that  the  to- 
bacco was  shipped  diiectly  to  the  coun- 
try from  which  it  is  proposed  to  ex- 
port it  to  the  United  States,  and  that 
while  in  such  country  it  did  not  pass 
out  of  the  custody  of  the  customs 
officials. 

The  Soy  Bean 

The  .soy  beau  is  an  excellent  forage 
crop  and  is  now  grown  all  over  the 
south  and  west,  and  is  found  quite 
satisfactory  as  far  north  as  the  latitude 
of  central  Illinois.  Because  of  its 
bushy  growth  it  is  preferred  to  cowpeas 
by  a  great  many  farmers,  as  it  is  easier 
handled  and  cured  in  the  humitl 
regions.  The  value  of  this  crop  is  no 
longer  doubted,  and  it  is  advisable  for 
every  farmer  who  wants  a  nitrogen 
gathering  crop  to  try  soy  beans.  The 
whole  plant  can  be  siloed,  it  can  be 
ent  and  cured  for  hay,  or  it  can  be 
grown  for  seed.  For  this  last  pui'pose 
it  is  especially  valuable  for  fattening 
hogs. 

The  land  for  soy  beans  should  be 
prepared  about  the  same  as  for  corn. 
Any  good  corn  land  will  answer  very 
nicely.  The  ground  should  not  be 
plowed  Ttntil  just  before  planting  time. 
This  plant  is  tender,  cousecjuently 
should  not  be  put  in  the  ground  until 
late  in  the  season — say  late  May  or 
early  June.  The  ground  must  be 
thoroughlj-  warmed  or  the  young  plants 
will  not  grow  well.  As  only  80  to  100 
daj'S  are  required  to  mature  ,soy  beans, 
they  need  not  be'  planted  early. 


Tobacco    in    Java 

U.  S.  Consul  Rairden,  at  Batavia, 
Java,  has  made  a  brief  but  interesting 
rejiort  to  the  Department  of  Commerce 
and  Labor,  at  Washington,  with  regard 
to  conditions  in  the  tobacco  industry 
in  the  island,  in  the  course  of  which  he 
says: 

"During  the  year  an  American  com- 
mercial traveler  visited  this  place  with 
the  intention  of  making  direct  connec- 
tions in  tobacco  with  his  firm  in  the 
United  States.  He  appeared  to  think 
that  should  he  hold  out  profitalile  in- 
ducements he  would  have  no  difficulty 
in  arranging  for  direct  shipments  from 
here  to  the  United  States.  After  being 
here  a  short  time  and  making  the 
necessary  inquiries,  this  gentleman 
found  that  it  was  useless  to  attempt  to 
do  business  direct  with  the  tobacco 
planters,  all  business  must  be  done 
through  the  Amsterdam  maiket. 

"The  manufacture  of  cigars  from 
Java  tobacco  is  still  successfully  carried 
on  at  Samarang,  and  I  understand  the 
output  has  increased  greatly  the  last 
year.  These  cheap  local  cigars  are  re- 
tailed to  the  Chinese  and  natives  at 
one  Dutch  cent  (less  than  0.r>  cent  in 
United  States  cuii-ency)  each. 

"During  1903  theie  were  exported 
from  Dutch  India  10;>,93(!,()00  pounds 
of  tobacco,  valued  at  $1."),  117,731,  of 
which  78,(i97,700  pounds,  valued  at 
!?11.431,219,  were  exported  to  Holland 
alone.  The  total  exportation  for  190:.' 
was  thus  7,79(i,800  pounds  in  excess  of 
that  for  1901.  Prices  for  the  year 
ranged  from  30  to  33  cents  per  kilo- 
gram (3.3  pounds)." 

Jlrson    JUtempted 

Au  attempt  was  made  to  fire  the 
large  brick  tobacco  warehouse  on  the 
corner   of  Duke    and  Chestnut    streets. 


in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  on  May  5.  It  is 
thought  arson  was  attempted  to  cover 
a  robbery.  The  building  is  a  large 
three-story,  with  basement,  brick  struc- 
ture. The  eastern  end  is  occupied  by 
B.  M.  Mavery  <&  Co.,  agents  of  Elias 
Bach  &  Sons,  of  New  York,  and  the 
eastern  half  by  W.  K.  Cooper,  also  a 
leaf  dealer.  Isaac  Stiik  &  Co.  also  had 
some  tobacco  stored  in  the  building, 
as  had  Edward  Kready.  So  far  as  can 
be  ascertained  there  were  3,:i00  cases 
of  tobacco  in  the  building,  of  which 
1,000  cases  are  the  property  of  Elias 
Bach  &  Sons,  300  cases  belonging  to 
B.  M.  Mavery  and  1,000  in  the  Cooper 
half  of  the  warehouse,  all  of  which, 
except  several  hundred  cases  were  Mr. 
Cooper's  property.  The  tobacco  was 
mostly  of  the  1903  crop,  with  some  of 
1903. 

Covers  for  Cigar  Tips 

Covers  for  cigar  tips  have  be«  u  ex- 
amined by  the  analytical  bureau  of 
Aitona.  The  covers  are  supposed  to 
absorb  the  nicotine  frOui  the  tobacco 
smoke.  The  used  covers  contained  a 
very  small  quantity  of  nicotine. 

Andrews  &  Peck^ 

MANUFACTURERS, 
Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

Doors,  Windows   and  Blinds. 

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^he     New     C^ngland 
Tobacco     Grow^er 


HARTFORD 


CONNECTICUT 


JUNE 


1904 


Season  is  Late 

But     Plants     Are     Thrifty     and     Promising. 
Growers     Begin     Setting 


Westfield 

The  season  with  ws  i.s  hite,  but  is 
tatchiiig-  up  fast.  There  are  some  tine 
beds  of  tobacco  plants  and  some  that 
are  thin  and  late. 

J.  E.  Merick  has  20  ca.ses  of  1903 
and  Sa  cases  of  190S,  and  Homer  Buck 
43  cases  of  I'JOiJ,  both  good  crops. 

O.  W.  Hanford  has  a  good  crop  not 
sold. 

The  Luomis  Brothers  have  30  cases 
of  ly03  and  TO  cases  of  1903. 

Chas.  H.  Dewey  has  plants  ready  to 
set. 

Sitnsbury 

The  season  is  a  little  late.  The  wet 
cold  weather  of  last  week  was  not 
favorable  to  the  growth  of  plants;  but 
the  warm  rain  of  the  last  few  days  is 
bringing  them  along  m  fine  shape. 

Not  every  grower  has  been  success- 
ful with  his  seed-beds,  but  such  as 
have  plants  tind  them  thrifty  and 
promising. 

E.  A.  Haskins.  C.  N.  Eno  and  «.  C. 
Eno  are  setting  their  plants  and  others 
are  about  ready. 

Feeding  Hills 

Considerable  tobacco  has  been  set  on 
the  E.  H.  Smith  farm,  both  in  the  open 
and  under  teuts.  They  have  an 
abundance  of  plants,  and  will  be 
obliged  to  rush  matters  in  order  to 
Keep  np  with  their  growtli,  now  that 
bright  sunshine  is  giving  them  an 
added  impetus.  Over  1,000,000  plants 
will  be  required  for  the  140  acres 
which  are  to  be  planted, not  to  mention 
the  possibly  many  thousands  for  reset- 
ting. 

East  Hartford 

The  tobacco  warehouse  of  P.Denner- 
lein  &  Sons  has  been  closed  for  the 
season.  About  1,800  cases  of  Havana 
seed,  most  of  which  was  raised  in  Suf- 
fleld  and  vicinity,   were  packed. 

R.  A.  Sykes  and  Charles  Skinner 
have  delivered  their  tobacco  crops  to 
E.  O.  Goodwin. 

Warehouse  Point 

The  insurance  companies  have 
settled  their  losses  with  Schneider  & 
Morrell  for  the  tobacco  shed  and  to- 
bacco which  were  destroyed  by  tire. 
The  amount  paid  is  said  to  bo  ijl.l.'SO. 

Glastonbury 

More  than  $400  worth  of  tobacco  be- 
longing to  Miss  Emeline  Kann  and 
William  Clark,  jointly,  unaccountably 


caught  tire  May  G  and  was  entirely 
destroyed.  Besides  two  acres  of  new 
tobacco,  1(5  bales  of  old  tobacco  were 
also  burned.  The  tobacco  had  been 
sold  to  Edward  O.  Goodwin  of  East 
Hartford  and  was  to  have  been  de- 
livered the  following  day.  The  tianies 
were  checked  in  time  so  tliat  the  shed 
itself  was  uninjured.  The  loss  is 
covered  by  insurance. 

Enfield  Street 

The  farmers  aie  pushing  their  work 
in  all  tlirections.  The  pr(js[iects  are 
generally  good.  Tobacco  plants  are 
looking  fine.  Some  farmers  expect  to 
set    their  tobacco  by  the  Hrst  of  June. 

East  Whately 

Charles  E.  Waits  has  sold  13  acres, 
assorted  and  packed,    at  private  terms. 

L.  F.  Graves  recently  sold  about  70 
cases,  assorted  and  packed,  at  private 
terms;  also  about  an  acre  of  shade- 
grown  Sumatra. 

Suffield 

Edmund  Halladay  has  returned  from 
St.  Louis,  where  he  has  been  getting 
the  Connecticut  tobacco  e.xhibit  in 
place  and  ready  for  the  exposition. 
Mr.  Halladay  will  go  to  St.  Louis 
again  later  in  the  summer  for  a  longer 
stay. 

Leaf    Tobacco     in     Mexico 

The  total  annual  production  of  leaf 
tobacco  in  Mexico,  according  to  a 
Mexican  correspondent  of  Dun's 
Review,  amounts  to  3.5,400,000  pounds, 
nearly  all  of  which  is  consumed  at 
home.  Only  one  district  engages 
largely  in  tobacco  growing  for  export 
purposes,  this  going  to  Antwerp,  Ham- 
burg and  Bremen.  Rates  of  duty  on 
tobacco  practically  prohibit  Mexican 
leaf  coming  into  this  country. 

IQentucky    Shade^Grown 

The  exi)erini('ntal  crop  of  tent  to- 
bacco raised  by  J.  W.  Stump,  of  Hai - 
risen  county,  Kentucky,  last  year,  was 
a  success.  It  was  sold  recently  at  3.") 
cents  per  jjound.  Mr.  .Stump  says: 
"This  tobacco  was  cultivated  the  same 
as  that  grown  in  the  open  field,  and 
cured  like  any  other  wrapper  tobacco. 
The  leaf  was  of  the  white  burley 
variety  and  I  aimed  to  grow  it  express- 
ly for  cigarette  wrapjjers.  The  ven- 
ture was  a  success  in  every  way.  " 

Florida's  Bright  Prospects 

In  every  section  of  the  tobacco 
section  in  Florida  can  now  be  seen  vast 


tobacco  shades,  both  of  cheese  cloth 
and  slats,  the  tops  of  the  former 
resembling  immense  lakes,  and  under- 
neath these  Sumatra  tobacco  plants 
are  beginning  to  take  root  and  assume 
a  healthy  and  thriving  appearance.  On 
the  largo  jilantations,  as  well  as  the 
small,  the  .setting-out  season  is  draw- 
ing to  a  close,  and  with  favorable 
seasons  such  as  were  had  last  year, 
another  great  success  will  be  scored 
and  [)rosperity  in  its  fullest  measure 
be  again  visited  upon  the  growers. 

Tobacco     in    Switzerland 

lu  some  parts  of  West  Switzerland 
tlie  cultivation  of  tobacco  is  still  an 
important  factor  in  agriculture.  135,- 
000  kg.  of  tobacco  which  had  been 
grown  in  the  Freiburg  Lake  district 
were  sent  off  from  two  railwaj-  sta- 
tions a  short  time  ago.  The  average 
price  was  00  francs  per  metric  cwt. 

Eighteenth    Century    Snuff-box 

At  a  recent  sale  hehi  by  Christies  at 
London,  a  snuff-box  of  the  eighteenth 
century,  which  is  without  doubt  the 
most  magniticent  of  that  period,  was 
sold  for  .132,000.  The  sides,  top  and 
bottom  are  formed  of  panels  of  enamel, 
ornamented  with  paintings  of  various 
flowers  by  Hainelin,  signed  and  dated 
17.")S.  The  framework  of  the  box  is  of 
solid  gold,  incrusted  with  diamonds  of 
the  first  water. 

Effect  of  Increased  British    Tax 

The  proposed  additional  duty  of  si.x 
cents  per  pound  on  strips,  or  stemmed 
tobacco,  has  caused  the  discharge  of 
about  one  thousand  stemmers  in 
Henderson,  Kentucky,  which  will 
also  be  (juite  a  loss  to  the  merchants. 
They  will  stem  no  more  tobacco  until 
the  i]uestion  has  been  finally  settled  by 
the  English  Parliament.  Siinilai  con- 
ditions prevail  in  all  the  stemming 
marts. 

Philadelphia  Leaf  Market 

Dealers  in  seed-leaf  tobacco  are 
doing  a  fairly  good  business.  Desir- 
able binder  stocks  are  picked  up  at 
every  opportunity,  and  a  fair  volume 
of  business  is  also  done  in  Connecticut 
leaf  notwithstanding  the  rather  high 
prices  that  are  ruling. 

Sumatra  tobacco  of  the  new  crop  is 
meeting  with  increased  favor  as  time 
goes  by,  and  a  considerable  quantity 
has  changed  hands  in  this  market 
since  the  arrival  of  samples  of  the  first 
purchases  of  this  year's  offerings.  A 
fair  volume  of  business  is  also  reported 
in  old  goods. 

Havana  is  holding  its  own,  and  old 
Remedios  are  moving  steadily,  while 
the  new  goods  are  receiving  quite  as 
much  attention  as  was  expected. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Setting   tHe   Plants 

Growers     Are     No^v     Busy    Transferring     Same 
From     Seed-Bed     to     Field 


Suffield 

A  few  of  the  growers  hava  coiu- 
menced  setting  tobacco  and  by  the  first 
of  June  the  work  will  be  in  full  blast. 
The  season  is  about  a  week  later  than 
last  year,  but  if  a  favorable  suiuiuer 
should  develop,  the  growers  will  find 
no  fault  on  that  score.  ■ 

Some  of  the  growers  here  began  set- 
ting about  May  25.  J.  P.  Spencer 
was  the  first  to  comuieuce  planting. 

No  lecent  sales.  Very  little  tobacco 
was  packed  this  season  by  the  growers, 
as  the  190;5  crop  was  pretty  well 
cleaned  up. 

June  1  will  see  about  the  average 
amount  of  tobacco  planted  in  this  sec- 
tion. 

Hinsdale 

The  season  has  been  a  little  back- 
ward, but  seed-beds  are  looking  well, 
and  setting  will  begin  as  early  as 
usual,  Jund  1. 

Plants  never  looked  better.  They 
have  made  a  very  quick  and  healthy 
growth. 

There  are  only  two  lots  of  190;5  to- 
bacco left  in  town,  those  of  L.  F. 
Tisconie  and  G.  M.  Wright. 

O.  8.  Higgins  has  sold  two  crops  of 
his    tobacco    to    William    J.    Gabb     of 


Bloomfield  and  one  crop  to  Lewis 
Peters  &  Co.,  of  Detroit,  Mich.  The 
prices  were,  for  the  1901  crop,  nine 
cents,  the  1902  crop  was  five  and  one- 
half  cents  a  pouiid.  There  were  about 
twenty  tons  in  the  three  crops.  A.  L. 
Taylor  and  William  Fales  also  sold  to 
Lewis  Peters  &  Co.,  for  seven  and  one- 
half  cents  a  pound. 

North  field 

No  sales  of  tobacco,  altliuugh  there 
are  two  or  three  good  lots  on  hand 
among  the  farmers. 

Not  as  great  an  acreage  is  antici- 
pated this  year  as  last  season. 

East    Hartford 

The  season  is  about  one  week  late. 
At  this  writing  the  following  are  set- 
ting: A.  y.  Bidwell,  Frank  Burnham, 
P.  Lawton,  J.  T.  Newton,  Bancroft 
Bros.,  and  others. 

Plants  are  doing  well. 

Several  new  sheds  have  been  built. 

The  acreage  is  about  tiie  same  as  in 
1903. 

H.  G.  Church  is  holding  his  entire 
crop  {VI  acres)  of  19UH,  for  a  better 
price;  he  is  in  the  Tliird  District, 
South  Windsor.  Setting  will  advance 
rapidly  the  first  week  in  June. 

Anuhoss. 


Nations*  Tastes  in  Tobacco 

A     Peculiar      Fact     That     No      T'wo      Countries     Use 
tHe     Same     Leaf 


IT  is  a  peculiar  fact  that  no  two 
countries  import  the  same  sorts  of 
tobacco.  The  French  regie,  or  govern- 
ment, tobacco  department  takes  several 
different  kinds  from  the  LTnited  States, 
their  total  yearly  import  being  about 
80, 000, 000  pounds.  But  two  things 
they  insist  upon — that  the  stem  shall 
be  free  fiom  mould,  and  the  leaf  loose 
enough  to  open  freely. 

Piel)ald,  or  cherry-red,  leaves  are 
the  German  favorites.  The  German 
tobacco  manufactureis  like  a  heavy, 
gummy  leaf,  and  they  prepare  this  liy 
treating  it  with  what  are  termed  iu 
the  trade  "sweet  sauces."  This  makes 
the  leaf  black.  Most  of  the  leaf  the 
Germans  buy  comes  fiom  Tenne.ssee 
and       Kentucky.  Quantities         of 

"spangled"  tobacco  are  al.^o  imported 
into  Germany.  This  is  a  pretty  yellow 
leaf,  with  red  spangles.  Much  of  this 
spangled  tobacco  is  imported  into 
Bremen,  where  it  is  repacked  in  lighter 
casks  and  sent  on  to  Russia. 

Italy,  Austria,  and  Spain  all  possess 
government  monopolies  of  tobacco,  but 
in  each  case  their  requisitions  are  quite 
different.  Italy  likes  a  very  long  leaf, 
as  much   as   20   iuches   iu   length,    of 


delicate  fibre  and  dark-hrown  color. 
It  must  be  elastic  and  strong.  Italy 
uses  a  largj  (juantity  of  very  coarse 
Hungarian  tobacco. 

Austria  also  manufactures  much  of 
the  cheap  Hungarian  leaf,  but  hei 
choicer  brands  and  cigars  aie  made  of 
very  good  American  tobacco.  Tliis  is 
of  a  firm  texture,  and  beautifully 
glossy. 

Spain,  not  lieing  one  of  the  richest 
of  countries,  purchases  idieap  tobacco. 
A  nondescript  leaf  of  light  type  is 
largely  bought,  and  is  not  cut,  but 
powdered.  It  burns  very  quickly, 
and  is  hot  to  the  tongue. 

Black,  fat,  anil  heavj-  tobaccos  suit 
the  Dutchman;  but  the  Nethei lands 
buy  a  certain  ainotmt  of  what  is 
known  as  "Dutch  Saucer,"  a  tine  cigar 
wrapper  of  a  silky  type,  which  is  used 
for  making  Dutch  cigars. 

Going  further  north,  Denmark, 
Norway,  and  Sweden  all  have  very 
similar  tastes. 

Heavy  tobaccos,  cured  by  fire,  are 
their  favorites;  and  these  leaves,/  be- 
fore being  manufactured,  aie  dipped 
in  sweet  mixtures  of  liquorice  and 
sugar. 


Hatfield 

In  this  section  the  season  is  about 
the  average.  The  plants  are  thrifty 
and  promising.  About  half  the 
growers  were  able  to  begin  setting 
early. 

Richard  Fitzgerald  has  s;)ld  his  fine 
crop  of  39  cases  to  E.  Bach  of  New 
York  at  p.  t. 

There  are  twelve  nice  crops  of 
Havana  seed  in  town.  John  Sting- 
line,  Chas.  Warner,  E.  Godin.  E.  S. 
Warnsr,  T.  Graves,  H.  S.  Hibbard, 
Jos.  Goliu,  W.  W.  Goer  have  the 
lai'gest  crops,  which  are  all  cased. 

Several  Ijuyers    pissed  through  tow;i 
recently   in  an    automobile.     It    seems 
their  chauffeur  did  not  know  where  the 
good  crops  were. 

Feeding    Hills 

Plants  have  grown  rapidly  for  the 
last  ten  days,  and  .setting  has  com- 
menced at  the  Hinsdale  Smith  farm. 

The  tents  are  being  put  in  readiness 
for  about  twenty  acres.  The  other 
farmers  will  commence  setting  about 
the  first  of  June. 

Conway,    Massachusetts 

The  tobacco  plants  are  growing  well. 
Setting  began  about  the  twenty-fifth. 
That  is  late  for  farmers  here,  as  they 
usually  begin  abaut  the  fifteenth. 

Tobacco     Grown     in    Syria 

The  following  is  taken  from  the  re- 
port of  the  German  Consulate  at  Bey- 
route:  Syria  grows  various  kinds  of 
tobacco.  Peculiar  to  it  is  the  so-called 
Aburilia,  a  kind  containing  saltpetre 
and  burning  with  a  black  ash,  which 
grows  in  the  neighborhood  of  Latakia 
and  comes  into  the  market  exclusively 
from  there.  Iu  normal  years  about 
4.000  bales  of  100  kg.  are  shipped  to 
Gieat  Britain,  which  is  the  only  Euro- 
pean customer. 

In  1902  the  ciop  was  a  particularly 
large  one;  G,.'j09  bales  were  shipped 
and  2,000  bales  remained  irusold  at  the 
port  to  which  they  liad  been  sent  on 
account  of  their  inferior  or  mixed 
(]uality.  Lately  the  Ottoman  Tobacco 
Regie  Company  in  Constantinople, 
which  lays  claim  to  the  sole  right  of 
buying  the  raw  tobacco  (but  up  to  now 
unsui'cessfully  with  regard  to  Syria), 
is  said  to  have  secured  the  English  de- 
liveries in  the  place  of  private  dealers. 
Other  kinds  of  tobacco  are  cultivated, 
principally  round  Damascus,  Beaka, 
Yebel,  Saida  and  also  iu  the  Lebanon. 

Sutter    Bros.    Reorganize 

Judge  Kohlsaat,  of  Cliicago,  has 
ordered  the  receivers  of  Sutter  Bros,  to 
turn  the  assets  of  the  firm  over  to  the 
latter,  and  this  has  been  done.  The 
Sutters  have  incorporated  with  a 
capital  stock  of  |100,000,  and  the 
nau)e  under  which  business  will  be 
conducted  will  in  all  prol)ability  be 
the  Sutter  Brothers  Co.  The  officers 
will  in  all  likelihood  consist  simply  of 
the  former  uieuibers  of  the  hou.se, 
L.  P.,  A.  S.,  John  E.,  Jacob  and 
Edward  A.  Sutter.  The  New  York 
and  St.  Louis  branches  will  be  main- 
tained, but  they  will  have  no  Havana 
house  tor  the  present. 


THE  NEW  ENGLAND  TOBACCO  GROWER 


Bowkcr's  Tobacco  Fertilizers 


have  for  over  twenty  years  been  producing  the  best  and  finest 
crops  of  tobacco  in  the  Connecticut  Valley,  because  they  supply 
the  plant  food  that  is  best  for  tobacco,  and  plenty  of  it  to 
carry  the  crop  through  to   maturity. 


Mr.  B,  N.    Alderman,  East    Granby,    Conn.,   .says:    "I    am   partial  to    the 
Bovvker    Tobacco    Ash     Fertilizer    because    it    acts    very    quickly    and    also 
carries  the  crop   through." 
Another  grower  writes  :   "The  Bowker  g-Qods    also    show    the  second  year 

which   is  important   in   repeated   use  of  the  same  g^round." 


BOWfCiTli      FERTILIZER     COMPANY, 
\J      ▼▼      im.  JCL^  iX.  R0.VT01SI   ar.H     VITAV   YORK 


BOSTON  and   NE'W  YORK. 


220  State  Street,     Hartford,  Conn. 


Types  of  Tobacco 

Valuable   Suggestions    Made    by    Dr.   JenKins    of 
Experiment      Station 


DR.  E.  H.  JENKINS  of  New 
Haven  has  jnst  published  a  re- 
port of  the  experiments  of  the  Con- 
necticut agricultural  esjieriment  sta- 
tion with  Sumatra  tobacco  in  1903. 
In  the  course  of  the  report  he  says: 

"It  is  certain  that  the  leaf  of  both 
broad-leaf  and  Connecticut  Havana  of 
favorite  strains  which  are  named 
usually  from  the  originator  or  grower, 
become  gradually  larger  from  succes- 
sive crops  of  seed.  This  fact  leads 
careful  growers  to  lay  by  a  large 
quantity  of  seed  and  u.se  from  this 
store  as  long  as  it  keeps  its  vitality, 
r.sually  from  eight  to  twelve  years, 
instead  of  saving  seed  each  year  for 
the  next  year's  sowing;  for  by  the 
latter  practice  the  leaves  will  glow 
larger  and  larger  year  by  year  till  their 
size  lessens  the  value  of  the  crop. 

"A  common  fault  at  present  with 
our  Connecticut  Havana  is  that  many 
of  the  wrappers  are  so  large  that  they 
cut  to  waste:  that  is,  after  all  the 
wrappers  possible  have  been  cut  from 
a  leaf  which  has  cost  the  cigarmaker 
from  30  to  40  or  50  cents  per  pound, 
there  is  left    too  much    tobacco    which 


can  only  be  used  for  scrap  at  three  to 
five  cents  per  pound. 

"Piobably  IS  to  20  inches  is  the 
best  length  of  the  cured  feimented  and 
seasoned  Sumatra  leaf  as  it  goes  to  the 
manufacturer. 

"This  means  a  length  of  20  to  22 
inches  in  the  field,  for  in  the  curing, 
fermenting  and  seasoning  process  there 
isashiinkage  in  length  of  one  and  a 
half  to  two  inches  in  leaves  of  that 
size. 

"The  leaf,  moreover,  should  not 
taper  gradually  ■  to  either  end,  but 
should  approach  an  oval  or  egg  shape, 
so  as  to  allow  of  cutting  four  good 
sized  wrappers  from  a  single  leaf, 
leaving  comparatively  little  behind 
but  the    'stem'    or  midrib. 

"The  more  good  leaves  of  this  sort 
which  i-an  be  fully  ripened  on  a  single 
stalk,  the  better,  of  course.  Biit  the 
shade-grown  Sumatra  differs  from  our 
domestic  leaf  in  this,  that  those  leaves 
which  are  not  peifectly  ripe  cannot  be 
used  for  wrappers  at  all  on  account  of 
their  vile  taste  and  are  worthless  for 
any  purpose. 

"The  above    considerations   have  led 


us  to  believe  that  while  growers  are 
learning  how  to  grow,  cure,  ferment 
and  pack  the  crop,  it  is  equally  neces- 
sarj-  to  endeavor  by  select io.i  to  get  a 
strain  of  Sumatra  .seed  which  will 
yield  crops  uniform  in  respect  of  type 
of  tobacco  at  least  and  as  nearly  uni- 
form and  desirable  in  size  and  shape 
of  leaf  as  is  possible.  There  is  a  simi- 
lar demand  for  a  more  careful  selec- 
tion of  seed  of  cur  broad-leaf  and 
Havana  seed  varieties  in  order  to  es- 
tablish and  maintain  the  most  desir- 
able form  and  shape." 

Bans    on     Tobacco 

Strange  as  it  may  appear  now,  both 
Sultans  of  Turkey  and  Sliabs  of  Persia 
have  tried  their  best  to  put  down 
smoking.  In  Turkey,  formerlj',  smok- 
ing was  a  crime,  punishable  by  the 
offenders  having  their  pipes  thrust 
through  their  noses,  and  in  Russia  in 
1(134  the  noses  of  smokers  were  cut  off. 

In  Tran.sylvania  offenders  were  fined 
from  3  to  200  florins.  In  Berne, 
Switzerland,  in  1661,  where  crimes 
were  divided  into  sections  according 
to  the  Ten  Commandments,  smoking 
was  classed  with  adultery.  The  tri- 
bunal to  put  down  smoking,  called 
chambreautabac,  continued  to  the 
middle  of  the  eighteenth  century. 
The  climax  was  reached  by  Amarath 
IV,  king  of  Persia,  who  made  it  a 
capital  offense. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Rotation  of  Crops 

HapHazard  MetHods  Follo^ved  in  Many  Parts 
o^  tKe  United  States 


INFORMATION  collected  by  the 
Department  of  Agriculture  shows 
that  haphazard  is  a  mild  word  to  de- 
scribe the  impression  given  b.y  reading 
the  reports  on  the  rotation  of  crops  in 
many  counties  and  parts  ot  counties  of 
the  United  States.  Although  there 
may  be  an  annual  change  of  crop  on 
the  same  laud,  this  change  is  so  uncer- 
tain, so  unsystematic,  that  at  first  it 
seems  impossible  to  establish  order  out 
of  the  chaotic  mass  of  particulars. 

Throughout  the  region  north  of  the 
cotton  belt  there  is  a  three-crop  rota- 
tion which  may  be  regarded  as  a  sys- 
tem with  innumerable  variations. 
These  crops  are  corn,  small  grain 
(wheat,  oats,  barley,  rye),  and  grass 
or  legumes;  and  the  period  covered  by 
the  rotation  in  some  of  its  variations 
Is  commonly  four  or  five  years  and  not 
infrequently  extends  to  eight  or  ten  or 
more  years,  the  length  of  the  period  de- 
pending mostly  upon  the  ability  of  the 
grass  or  legumes  to  remain  jiroductive. 
Sooner  or  later  most  of  the  tillable 
land  that  is  not  bottom  land  or  is  not 
devoted  to  one  crop,  fruit  or  vege- 
tables, passes  through  this  rotation, 
but  often  with  interruptions  or  the  ad- 
mixture of  other  crops  in  the  effort  to 
adapt  the  products  to  markets,  prices, 
soil,  weather,  and  the  special  or  general 
objects  of  farming. 

In  some  regions  which  produce  con- 
siderable tobacco,  potatoes,  or  beans, 
a  portion  of  the  land  that  would  other- 
wise be  given  to  corn  may  be  given  to 
one  of  these  crops  in  this  general  rota- 
tion. 

In  the  cotton  belt,  as  far  as  any  sys- 
tematic rotation  of  crops  is  discover- 
able, it  is  cotton  and  corn,  bxit  this  is 
subject  to  the  repetition  of  cotton  be- 
cause of  larger  area  than  corn,  to  the 
resting  of  the  soil  for  a  year,  to  the 
inclusion  of  cow  peas,  and  of  various 
small  crops  of  sorghum,  oats,  sweet 
Ijotatoes,  and  the  like,  in  the  couise  of 
several  years,  during  which  the 
primary  rotation  may  have  occurred 
two  or  three  times. 

In  the  arid  and  semi-arid  regions, 
which  comprise  that  part  of  the  coun- 
try lying  west  of  the  one  hundredth 
meridian,  except  a  border  on  the  Paci- 
fic Ocean,  the  crop  rotation,  outside  of 
vegetable  and  fruit  production,  tends 
to  maintain  the  growth  of  alfalfa  as 
long  as  possible.  In  the  reseeding 
year  wheat  or  other  small  grain  is 
sown.  There  is,  however,  consider- 
able resting  of  land  throughout  this 
entire  region  as  a  poor  sub.stitute  for 
the  renewing  the  fertility  of  the  land 
by  the  use  of  alfalfa,  for  alfalfa  is  not 
grown  where  giain  is  the  chief  pro- 
duct. In  western  Oregon  and  Wash- 
ington, where  the  rainfall  permits  the 
introduction  of  grasses,  the  rotation 
chiefly  includes  only  small  grains   and 


grasses,  and  in  some  counties  only  the 
small  grains. 

The  reports  on  the  practice  of  rota- 
tion, or  non-practice  of  it,  as  to  tobac- 
co growing,  are  as  follows: 

Connecticut — Tobacco  without  rota- 
tion, Hartford  County.  Corn  (rye 
sewn),  (Rye  jjloughed  under),  tobacco, 
grass,  Litchfield.  Tobacco  two  yeais, 
corn,  tobacco,  clover,  Tolland. 

Pennsylvania — Tobacco,  oats,  wheat, 
haj',  Clinton.  Tobacco  without  rota- 
tion, Tioga,  Bradford. 

Ohio— Tobacco,  wheat,  grass  two 
j'ears,  Montgomery,  Brown,  and  quite 
general. 

Wisconsin — Corn,  tobacco  three 
J'ears,  .Jeilerson  Rock.  Tobacco  with- 
out rotation,  Crawford,  Vernon, 
Columbia. 

Virginia — Tobacco, wheat, clover  two 
years,  Pittsylvania,  Halifax,  Charlotte, 
Lunenbui'g,  Bedford,  Brunswick,  Not- 
toway, Cumberland.  Tobacco,  wheat, 
Halifax.  Bright      tobacco,        rest, 

Mecklenburg.  New  land  grows  two 
to  five  crops  of  tobacco,  then  wheat. 

North  Carolina — Tobacco,  wheat, 
corn,  Stokes,  Nash.  Corn,  tobacco, 
hay,  or  rest,  Pitt. 

Kentucky — Tobacco,  wheat,  clover. 
Graves.  Caldwell.  Webster.  Corn,  to- 
bacco, wheat,  clover,  two  yeais, 
Christian.  On  new  land,  corn,  tobac- 
co wheat.  Graves,  Logan. 

Origin  of  Tobacco 

"I  have  been  favored  with  an  In:liaii 
tradition  concerning  the  origin  of  to- 
bacco, Indian  corn  and  wheat,  which, 
although  you  may  have  .seen  it  before, 
I  shall  recite. "  said  the  poet  laureate 
of  all  the  Pascagoulas  to  a  New  Oi leans 
man.  "At  .some  distant  period  two 
Indian  youths,  pursuing  the  pleasures 
of  the  chase,  were  led  to  a  remote  and 
unfrequented  part  of  the  forest,  where, 
being  fatigued  and  hungry,  they  sat 
down  to  repose  themselves  and  to  dress 
tbeir  victuals.  While  they  were  thus 
employed  the  spirit  of  the  woods,  at- 
tracted, as  it  is  supposed,  by  the  un- 
usual and  savory  smell  of  the  vension, 
approached  them  in  the  form  of  a 
beautiful  female  and  seated  herself 
l)eside  them. 

"The  youths,  awed  by  the  presence 
of  so  superior  a  being  and  struck  with 
gratitude  for  the  condescension  which 
she  had  shown  them  in  becoming  their 
guest,  j)resented  to  her  in  the  most 
respectful  manner  a  share  of  their  re- 
past, which  she  was  pleased  to  accept 
and  upon  which  she  regaled  with  seem- 
ing satisfaction.  The  repast  being 
finished,  the  female  spirit  having 
thanked  them  corilially  for  their  atten 
tion  and  informed  them  that  if  thej' 
would  return  to  the  same  place  after 
the  revolution  of  twelve  moons  they 
would   find   something   which     would 


recompense  their  kindness  disappeared 

from  their  sight. 

"The  youths  having  watched  the 
revolving  moons  ami  having  returned 
at  the  aijpointed  time,  found  that  upon 
the  place  on  which  the  right  arm  of 
the  goddess  had  reclined  an  ear  of 
Indian  corn  had  sprung  up;  under  her 
left  ft  stalk  of  wheat;  and  from  the 
spot  on  which  she  had  been  .seated  was 
growing  a  flourishing  plant  of  tobacco.  " 

Farmers'  Consolidated     Company 

The  Farmers'  Consolidated  Tobacco 
Company  was  organized  last  fall  at 
Greenville,  North  Carolina,  for  the 
purpose  of  doing  a  warehouse  business. 
They  have  closed  up  their  business  for 
the  selling  of  the  1903  crop  of  tobacco, 
which  was  very  satisfactory,  as  a  large 
dividend  was  paid  the  stockholders. 
For  this  year's  crop  they  will  operate 
three  warehouses. 

Good    Farming    Pays 

"It  paj's  to  raise  tobacco  if  it  is 
properly  cultivated  and  cared  for, 
remarKed  a  Southern  farmer.  Said  he: 
"I  have  a  little  farm  in  Stokes  county, 
on  which  is  a  negro  tenant  with  one 
horse.  On  three  acres  this  man  grew 
4,00(1  pounds  of  tobacco,  which  aver- 
aged him  seven  cents,  or  |280  for  the 
three  acres.  Besides  he  rai.sed  HOG 
bushels  of  corn,  wheat  enough  to  do 
him.  and  sold  watermelons  and  other 
things.'' 


APPARATUS  Of  all  kinds, 

of  large  or  small  capacily, 
Mounted  &  Portable  Outfits. 

Send  for  sfircidl  Gaialogui.-. 


PUMPS 


For  Fac- 
tories or 
Private 
Use. 


FAIRBANKS-MORSE 

Gasoline  Engines 

hum  n  to  7,')  Hui-s(_'  I'uwt'r  l<il-  all  ^e^vi.•^.■s. 

Special  Pumping  Engines. 

PULLEYS,  SHAFTING  AND  BELTING 

fnr  r..\vri-  Kcpiipiiieiit  .il   F:i.-l..ri.-«  .-111.1  Mills. 

WINDMILLS,  TANKS 

AND  TOWERS, 

Pipe,  Fittings  and  Hose. 

In  writing  for  CataLigae  iilease  specifj' which 
one  y<>u  want. 
We  make  a  specialty  of  Water  SHi>pl.v  Out- 
fits for  romitry  Kstates. 


CHARLES  J.  JAGER  COMPANV 

174  HIGH  ST.,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


I  YOUR   HORSE 

Vj  is  worth  helping. 

5j  If  siclv  or  lame, 

K  cure  hi  in. 

I  DANIELS*  REMEDIES 

^  for  Home    Tieaimeiil                                ^ 

3  "f   Horses  and   Cattle.                               K 

y5  Hif  Veterinary  boou  from                   ^ 

F?  any  drutrtrisl  if  you  ask  him,              ^ 

Kj  or  mailed  free  if  you  mention            K 

y$  this  paper.                                                       K 

|iVs?.JJ,':1i^1i:Dr.A.G.DANIELS| 


THE  NEW  ENGLAND  TOBACCO  GROWER 


THE    BE6:T    yet    made 


Specially  Designed  for 

iRACTICAL 

^OWER 

URPOSES 


The  Fairbanks 
Gasolene  Engine 

Is    the    most    powerful,    easiest    working    and     easiest 
adjusted  engine  ever  made. 

Solid  and  substantial  in  construction,  few  parts  and  no  waste  metal. 
Every  pound  has  work  to  do.  These  important  features  are  the 
excuse  for  its  great  popularity.  Do  not  place  your  order  for  a 
gasolene  engine  until  you  have  seen  and  investigated  the  "Fair, 
banks."     Correspondence  solicited. 

The    Fairbanks    Company, 

314  (Si,  316  Pearl   Street,  -  Hartford,   Conn. 

Can  be  seen  in  operation  at  the  above  address 


New  York,  N.  Y. 

Albiiny.  N.  Y. 
Philariclpliia,  Pa. 


Baltimore,  Md. 

New  Orleans,  La. 

Boston,  Mass. 

Syracuse,  M.  Y 


Buffalo,  N.  \'. 
Montreal,  Que. 
L,oudon,  E.  C. 


Pittsburg-,  Pa. 

Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Toronto,  Out. 


Tobacco  in  Porto  Rico 

TKere  Are  No'w  Over  300  Acres  Under  Cultivation 

on  tHe  Island 


THE  cnltivatiuu  of  tobacco  in  Poito 
Rico  is  booming.  There  are  over 
300  acres  on  the  island  now  under 
cloth.  A  very  fine  leaf  has 
been  obtained.  The  shade  method  has 
only  been  on  trial  two  seas^ons,  but  al- 
ready it  has  been  demonstrated  that 
Porto  Rico  will  not  have  to  imijoit  her 
cigar  wrapper  in  the  future.  The 
Porto  Rican  brand  of  tobacco  is  of 
very  strong  flavor,  and  mostly  dark. 
In  a  number  of  the  districts  of  the 
island  r)0  per  cent,  of  the  cultivable  soil 
is  devoted  to  the  raising  of  the  leaf. 

The  planting  of  tobacco  fell  off  some- 
what as  soon  as  Cuba,  after  becoming 
independent,  placed  a  prohibitive  taritt 
on  the  product.  Much  of  the  Porto 
Rico  yield  went  to  Cuba  before  that 
time,  and  after  being  made  into  cigars 
and  cigarettes  was  captioned  as 
Cuban.  As  Cuba  got  the  best  of  the 
Porto  Rican  crop,  it  left  only  a  quality 
for  shipment  as  Porto  Rican  tobacco, 
that  was  good  enough  for  filler.s.  The 
consequence  was  that  the  tobacco  de- 
nominated Porto  Rican  received  a 
black  eye. 

.Since  Uncle  Sam  has  been  in  posises- 
sion,  however,  the  fame  of  Porto 
Rican     tobacco   is     increasing.       The 


yield  from  the  canvas  pi'ocess  has  virov- 
en  that  a  quality  second  to  none  can 
be  raised  there.  Tobacco  is  shipped 
in  great  quantities  from  Porto  Rico 
now,  and  not  disguised  under  any 
other  name.  The  island  is  rapidly  re- 
covering from  the  falling  off  in  plant- 
ing which  followed  Cuba's  tariff. 
American  capital  has  also  come  to  the 
rescue,  and  the  superior  methods  of 
cultivation  of  the  past  few  months  are 
the  result.  The  leaf  liy  leaf  stringing 
process  has  been  adopted  in  the  drying, 
and  this  has  improved  the  brand. 

Last  year  was  a  comparatively  dull 
season  for  the  planters,  but  the  next 
harvest  will  be  exceptionally  large,  if 
the  crop  meets  with  no  mishap.  The 
Cavey  district  is  where  the  canvas  cul- 
tivation is  carried  on.  This  is  the 
largest  tobacco  growing  section  of  the 
island.  The  last  authentic  statistics 
obtainable  show  that  in  1897  the  tobac- 
co yield  in  Porto  Rico  was  about 
(i,2.'50, 000  pounds.  A  great  deal  of  the 
poorer  kind  is  shipped  to  Germany.  A 
Chicago  manufacturer  who  recently 
vi.sited  San  Juan  declared  that  he  stood 
ready  to  buy  a  tenth  of  the  coming 
yield,  and  preferred  it  for  its  peculiar 
fine  flavor  and  strength. 


Experiments  in  Neiv  South  Wales 

Over  a  year  ago,  with  the  object  of 
applying  a  scientific  knowledge  and 
more  s3-stematic  method  to  the  Victo- 
rian practice  of  tobacco  growing,  ex- 
perimental work  \at  the  Edi  tobacco 
farm  in  New  South  Wales  was  placed 
under  the  control  of  Mr.  Howell,  chem- 
ist of  agriculture.  The  varieties 
grown  have  been  submitted  to  the  to- 
bacco manufacturing  companies  in 
Sydney,  who  have  expressed  high  ap- 
proval of  the  quality.  The  manager 
of  the  States  Tobacco  Company  re- 
ports: "They  are  the  best  samples  of 
Australian  grown  cigar  leaf  we  have 
ever  had  submitteil  to  us,  and  we  would 
be  prepared  to  purchase  a  large  quan- 
tity of  such  leaf,  at  a  price  which,  we 
believe,  would  be  profitable  to  the 
grower,  even  allowing  for  the  extra 
cost  of  gi'owing. " 

Cuban    Leaf    in  Texas 

The  Lavaca  County  Tobacco  Com- 
pany has  been  tormed  at  Hallettsville, 
Texas,  with  F.  Simpson  president,  and 
William  Blakeslee  secretary.  A  con- 
tract has  been  made  with  C.  J.  Hud- 
gins,  of  Pensacola,  Fla.,  to  superin- 
tend the  planting,  cultivating  and 
curing  of  the  crop  of  tobacco  for  the 
company.  About  35  acres  will  be 
jjlanted  in  Cuban  tobacco  and  a  few 
acres  in  Sumatra  wrapper.  It  is 
thought  that  about  75  to  100  acres  will 
be  planted  in  Cuban  tobacco  within  ten 
miles  of  Hallettsville. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


^Ae  New  England 

Tobacco  Grower 


Published  monthly  by 
Tobacco    Grower  Publishing    Co. 

S3  Trumbull  street, 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Building 

Hartford,      Connecticut. 


Subscription,   One  Dollar  a  Year. 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy. 

Official  Journal  of  The  New  Eugrland 
Tobacco  Growers'  Association. 


PAUL      ACKER.LY,     Editor. 


Volume  V. 


Number  4. 


Entered  at  the  Hartford  Post-Office  as   Second 
Class  mail  matter. 

HARTFORD,   JUNE,    t904. 

LEVEL    CULTIVJtTION 

A^  S  tne  season  of  tobacco  cultiva- 
■^  ^  tion  with  machine  aud  by  hanil 
will  soon  be  reached  in  New  England, 
the  question  arises  as  to  the  relative 
merits  of  the  two  systems  of  cultiva- 
tion, level  or  deep.  The  plan  of  level 
cultivation  may  be  regarded  as  a  i)art 
of  the  newer  school  of  tobacco  culture. 
and  yet  there  are  farmers  who  for  years 
have  been  inclined  toward  shallow 
cultivation  in  contrast  with  the  deep 
cultivating  and  high  ridging  favored 
by  their  neighbors. 

Just  as  level  cultivation  has  ad- 
vanced in  popularity  among  the 
growers  of  corn,  so  has  it  made  its  way 
among  tobacco  growers.  Both  plants 
feed  near  the  surface  under  normal 
conditions,  so  that  in  both  cases  there 
are  mechanical  reasons  why  the  teeth 
of  the  cultivating  machines  should  not 
be  set  to  tear  too  deeply,  aside  from 
the  questions  of  moisture  and  soil  sur- 
faces. 

We  invite  the  readers  of  The  New 
England  Tobacco  Grower  to  write  out 
for  the  next  issue  of  this  paper  their 
views  for  or  against  the  plan  of  level 
cultivation  in  tobacco  growing.  Letters 
on  this  subject  should  reach  this  office 
by  June  20th,  for  publication  in  the 
July  number. 


FOREIGN     WRJtPPER 

"IJ  EPORTS  from  abroad  are  not  un- 
^^  favorable  to  the  continuance  of 
high  prices  for  good  cigar  leaf  tobacco. 
The  inscriptions  in  Amsterdam  are 
proceeding  with  the  prices  for  Sumatra 
tobacco   at  a   high    level,  especially  iu 


the  grades  suited  for  the  American 
market.  Advices  vary  as  usual  on  the 
amount  of  desirable  leaf  in  the  Suma- 
tra otterings,  but  it  can  be  asserted 
that  high  prices  are  not  being  paid 
without  reason. 

From  Cuba  comes  the  information 
that  the  tobacco  crop  now  in  the  ware- 
houses is  not  so  wonderful  as  the 
early  reports  indicated.  The  gi'owth 
of  the  Cuban  crop  was  excellent,  aud 
the  yield  so  great  that  the  farmers 
could  not  resist  the  temptation  to  over- 
crowd the  curing  sheds.  The  damage 
that  resulted  reduced  the  amount  of 
the  crop  and  has  not  added  to  the  esti- 
mation of  the  leaf  in  general.  A  re- 
action has  set  in  among  those  who  be- 
lieved that  the  Cubai.  crop  was  so 
large  that  no  one  need  worry  for 
Cuban  wrapper. 

The  domestic  market  is  certainly 
not  overloaded  with  wrapper,  and  the 
crop  to  be  produced  in  New  England 
in  ly()4  has  everything  in  its  favor, 
antl  there  is  nothing  to  prevent  the 
establishment  this  fall  of  a  very  high 
range  of  prices  for  good  Connecticut 
and  Housatonic  Valley  tobacco. 


THE    MIDSUMMER   MEETING 

'T'HE  summer  meeting  of  The  New 
Englanil  Tobacco  Orowers'  Asso- 
ciation, which  will  be  held  in  Spring- 
field about  two  months  from  now, 
should  receive  the  cordial  support  of 
all  who  are  engaged  in  tlje  cultivation 
of  tobacco.  There  has  long  been  an 
annual  \viuter  meeting  of  the  Associa- 
tion, and  without  lessening  the  value 
and  importance  of  the  January  session, 
there  certainly  can  be  much  accom- 
plished in  a  summer  meeting. 

Coming  in  the  midst  of  the  season  of 
growing,  just  at  the  period  before  the 
harvest,  this  meeting  will  afford  an 
opportunity  for  the  inter-change  of 
views  and  experiences  on  a  most  timely 
occasion.  To  aid  in  the  strengthening 
and  the  further  development  of  the  to- 
bacco growing  industry  should  be 
the  duty  of  all  who  are  engaged  in  this 
branch  of  agriculture,  and  the  mid- 
summer meeting  of  The  New  England 
Tobacco  Growers'  Association  is  some- 
thing that  should  be  attendeil  in  the 
line  of  the  performance  of   that  duty. 


>?r  ST.   LOUIS 

^CONNECTICUT'S  exhibit  of  to- 
^^^  l)acco  at  St.  Lt)nis  is  a  work 
which  reflects  credit  upon  the  commit- 
tee in  charge,  and  which  is,  moreover. 


practical  and  of  instructive  value,  in- 
stead of  being  merely  an  attraction  by 
reason  of  fantastic  arrangement,  as  so 
many  exhibits  are. 

To  be  thus  represented  at  St.  Louis 
is  sure  to  be  of  lasting  advantage  to 
the  New  England  tobacco  growers  by 
way  of  advertisement  and  further  in- 
troduction into  new  territory  of  domes- 
tic goods.  An  additional  value  lies 
in  the  viewing  and  discussion  of  the 
exhibit  by  the  growers  themselves,  and 
it  is  to  be  hoped  that  all  who  can  ar- 
range to  leave  their  work  will  attend 
the  exposition. 


Mew    York    Market 

Now  York,  May  35 
In  domestic  leaf  there  has  been  little 
doing  in"  the  local  market  during  the 
past  week,  unless  we  quote  an  active 
inquiry  for  what  little  is  left  of  fine 
1902  Pennsylvania  broad-leaf,  and  a 
continued  demand  for  old  Little  Dutch. 
Sumatra. — This  market  appears  to 
be  abnormally  slow  with  some  local 
houses,  while  others  are  fairly  busy, 
and  all  acknowledge  considerable  in- 
quiry and  numerous  small  purchases, 
mostlj'  of  Western  origin.  Several  of 
the  larger  holders  of  new  crop  stock  re- 
port active  sales,  and  in  one  instance 
they  amounted  for  the  week  to  over 
600  bales. 

Havana. — This  market  remains 
dull.  Santa  Clara  prices  are  firm. 
Aside  from  the  scarcity  of  goods  in  the 
market,  the  abnormally  high  prices  be- 
ing paid  in  Cuba  for  the  new  tobacco 
will  necessitate  the  realization  of  not 
less  than  thirty-five  cents,  with  corres- 
pondingly high  prices  for  first  capadu- 
ras— say  not  less  than  fifty  cents. 

First    Tobacco     Valuation 

In  the  March  (1630)  session  of  the 
Colonial  General  Assembly  of  Virginia, 
the  cash  value  of  tobacco  was  officially 
determined  for  the  first  time  in  his- 
tory.    The  act  reads  as  follows: 

'  And  it  is  further  ordained  and 
enacted  by  the  Assembly  that  no  per- 
son or  persons,  after  the  publication  or 
notice  hereof,  do  buy,  or  cause  to  be 
bought,  any  merchandise,  goods,  or 
any  other  things  whatsoever,  excep- 
ting cattle,  goats,  hogs,  poultry,  or  any 
household  stuff,  com.  hides,  or  any 
commodities  that  are  or  shall  be  raised 
here,  or  make  any  contract,  bargain  or 
promise  tor  the  having  or  buying  of 
same,  or  any  part  thereof,  in  exchange 
for  the  commodity  of  tobacco,  directly 
or  indirectly,  allowing  under  the  rate 
of  fid.  per  pound  for  every  pound  of 
tobacco,  as  the  goods  first  cost  in  Eng- 
land, bona  fide,  upon  the  penalty  to 
have  or  to  suffer,  for  his  or  their  first 
offense,  imprisonment  by  the  space  of 
two  months,  without  bail  or  main- 
prize,  aud  shall  also  lose  aud  forfeit 
the  value  of  the  said  merchandise  or 
goods  so  by  him  or  them  bought  or 
had  as  aforesaid." 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Effect  of   Cuban   Treaty 

Large     Increase     in     Imports     from     Cuba 
to     tKe      United     States 


THE  stimulation  tliat  was  sup- 
posed to  accrue  to  coininerce  be- 
tween the  United  States  and  (Juba  by 
the  recent  reciprocity  treaty  appears 
to  be  a  rather  onesided  affair  to  judge 
from  the  abstract  published  l)y  the 
Bureau  of  Statistics  of  tht  Department 
of  Commerce  and  Labor  on  tlie  imports 
from  Cuba  to  the  United  States  and  to 
exports  from  the  United  States  to 
Cuba  during  'he  period  the  treaty  is  in 
existence. 

The  treaty  went  into  force  on  Ue- 
ceniber  27,  1903,  and  therefore  all  the 
commercial  transactions  between  the 
two  countries  since  January,  1904,  re- 
flect its  influence.  The  increase  dur- 
ing the  first  three  months  of  the  year 
as  compared  with  the  corresponding 
three  months  of  1903  is  apparent,  both 
in  imports  from  Cuba  and  in  exports 
to  Cuba.  The  imports  from  Cuba  in 
January,  1908,  were  *2,.557,0.'"j5,  and 
in  Jannary,  1904,  |.'),3«7,440,  or  an 
increase  of  about  13,670,000.  .  The 
same  proportion  was  retained  in  Feb- 
ruary and  March,  and  where  a  total  of 
imports  for  the  first  three  months  of 
1903  were  only  !|11,94«,.')97,  during 
the  first  quarter  of  1904  they  were 
133,217,180,  an  increase  of  practically 
one  hundred  per  cent. 

The  exports  to  Cuba  increased  from 
15,311,063  to  |6,49.'5,149,  or  about 
twenty  per  cent.,  so  that  it  appears  the 
bulk  of  the  benefit  was  to  the  Cubans, 
who  sent  to  the  United  States  more 
than  double  what  they  did  in  1903  and 
yet  bought  only  twenty  per  cent,  more 
from  the  United  States.  The  total 
trade  with  Cuba  has  increased  from 
$17,1.59,660  in  the  three  months  of 
1903  to  139,713,339  for  the  three 
months  in  1904,  or  more  than  seventy 
per  cent. 

The  matter  of  the  importation  of  to- 
bacco was  not  treated  on  in  the  bulle- 
tin, but  after  some  difficulty  part  of 
the  figures  for  the  three  months  end- 
ing March  31,  1904,  have  been  pro- 
cured by  the  correspondent  of  the 
U.  S.  Tobacco  Journal  for  comparison 
with  the  figures  for  the  same  period  in 

1903.  It  was  impossible  at  this  time 
to  procure  the  figures  on  the  imports  of 
Cuban  wrapper  and  filler  leaf  sepa- 
rately, but  it  appears  that  in  January, 

1904,  1,895,82.5  pounds  of  leaf  tobacco 
were  imported  at  a  valuation  of  |952,- 
006,  a  very  considerable  increase  over 
the  importation  for  January,  1903, 
which  was  1,437,078  pounds,  valued  at 
$788,039. 

On  the  other  hand  the  importation 
for  February,  1904,  was  less  in  both 
pounds  and  value,  and  apparently  the 
importations  in  February  of  this  year 
consisted  of  a  much  larger  percentage 
of  filler  tobacco  than  the  importation 
of  February.  1903,  the  figures  for  1904 
being  1,984,930  pounds,  valued  at 
$770,455,    and     for     February,     1903, 


2,053,910  pounds,  valued  at  !j;914,(113. 
So  that  while  tht  re  were  only  6,498 
pounds  more  imported  in  February, 
1903,  than  inFebruary,  1904,  the  im- 
portation in  Febniarj',  1903,  exceeded 
the  value  of  the  inii)ortations  in  Febru- 
ary, 1904.  l)y  $14:;,.558.  The  importa- 
tion in  March,  1904,  exceeded  that  for 
March,  1903,  in  bi5th  quantity  and 
value,  the  figures  being  March,  1903, 
2,010,035  pounds,  valued  at  $873,734: 
March,  1904,  2,026,372  pound.s,  valued 
at  $930,370. 

Of  course  it  has  been  expected  that 
the  greatest  increase  in  tobacco  imports 
in  Cuba  would  be  in  the  cigars  and 
cigarettes,  as  the  duty  reduction  on 
the  manufacture  of  leaf  was  very  much 
higher  than  on  the  raw  leaf.  It  was 
impossible  to  secure  at  this  time  more 
than  a  few  figures  on  this  subject,  nor 
could  the  statistics  pertaining  to  the 
Cuban  cigars  alone  be  procured,  but  as 
in  a  total  importation  during  the 
fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1903,  of 
cigars  and  cigarettes  amounting  to  $3,- 
271,956,  $3,175,722  worth  were  im- 
ported from  Cuba,  or  about  ninety- 
seven  per  cent.,  the  figures  on  the  total 
importationjof  cigars  and  cigarettes  for 
January,  Februaiy  and  March  are  ap- 
proximately of  the  imports  from  Cuba. 

The  total  importation  of  cigars  and 
cigarettes  for  January,  1904,  amounted 
to  54,755  pounds,  valued  at  $332,142, 
as  compared  with  41,398  pounds, 
valued  at  $325,233  for  January,  1903. 
For  February,  1904,  58,654  pounds 
valued  at  $256,732;  for  February, 
1903,  51,833  pounds,  valued  at  $294,- 
172.  For  March,  1904,  79,911  pounds, 
valued  at  $.341,096,  and  for  March, 
1903,62,532  pounds,  valued  at  $317,- 
197.  So  that  there  is  a  considerable 
increase  in  pounds  each  month  and  in 
values  for  January  and  March,  with  a 
decrease  in  February. 

It  is  specially  interesting  to  note 
that  the  increase  in  value  by  no  means 
keeps  pace  with  the  increase  in  iiuan- 
tity.  For  instance,  the  increase  for 
January,  1904,  over  1903  was  13,357 
pounds,  or  nearly  331;,  percent,  while 
the  increase  in  value  was  only  $6,809, 
or  a  little  over  3  per  cent.  The  in- 
crease in  February  was  6,821  jjounds, 
but  the  value  fell  off  $37,440.  The 
increase  in  Maich,  1903,  was  17,379 
pounds,  and  only  $23,899.  A  little 
calculation  from  this  shows  that  the 
average  value  of  the  cigars  imported 
in  January,  19(13,  were  $5.44  per  pound, 
as  compared  with  $4.24  for  Januarj', 
1904;  for  February,  1903.  the  average 
value  was  $5.67  per  pound,  and  in 
February,  1904,  $4.38  per  pound.  In 
March,  1903,  the  value  was  $5.07,  and 
in  March,  1904,  was  $4.35  per  pound. 
So  that  while  the  quantity  has  largely 
increased  the  average  value  per  pound 
for  these  three  months  is  from  $1.18  to 
$1.29  less  than  it  was  last  year. 


First  to  See  Tobacco  Smoked 

The  first  Euiopeans  who  saw  tobacco 
smoked  were  two  men  whom  Columbus 
dispatched  on  an  embassy  immediately 
after  tlie  discovery  of  the  i.sland  of 
Cuba.  The  names  of  these  envoys, 
worthy  of  memory  by  the  smoker, 
were  Koderigo  de  Jerez  and  Luis  de 
Torres,  the  latter  a  Christianized  Jew 
of  special  proficiency  in  Arabic  and 
Hebrew.  Si.x  days  were  allowed  to 
these  two  worthies  in  which  to  acconi- 
jdish  their  mission,  but  after  penetrat- 
ing inland  for  some  twelve  leagues  and 
stopping  at  a  vilhitre  of  a  thousand  in- 
habitants they  rejoined  Columbus  on 
Nov.  6,  1492, and  recounted  the  several 
wonders  which  had  fallen  under  their 
notice. 

It  was  on  tlieir  way  back  to  the 
Spanish  caravels,  accompanied  by  three 
natives,  that  they  first  saw  smoking 
practiced  Several  of  the  aborigines 
were  making  use  of  dried  tobacco 
leaves,  which  they  formed  into  a  long 
roll,  lighted  and  put  in  their  mouths 
swallowing  and  puffing  out  the  smoke. 
The.se  piimitive  and  gigantic  cigars 
the  natives  called  tabacos,  a  name 
since  transferred  from  its  original  ap- 
plication to  the  plant  itself. 


A^eu;  England  Tobacco 
Growers'    Association. 

President 
EDMUND  HMLLMDMY,  Saffield,  Conn. 

Vice-J*rcsi(ieiit 
THJtDDEUS   GRJiVES,   Hatfield,   Mass. 

Secret.iry  and   Treasnrer 
PMVL  MCKEHLY,  Rockville,   Conn. 

Office 
S3    Trumbull    Street,     Hartford,     Conn. 


Directors. 

\Vm.  F.  Andross,  South  Windsor,  Conn. 
Joseph  H.  Pierce,  Enfield,  Conn. 
M.  W.  Frisbie,   Southington,  Conn. 
William  S.  Pinney,  SufBeld,  Conn. 
H.  W.  Alford,   Poquonock,  Conn. 
Colonel  E.  N.  Phelps,    Windsor,  Conn. 

B.  M.  Warner,    Hatfield,   Mass. 
F.  K.  Porter,  Hatfield,  Mass. 
Albert  Hurd,  North  Hadley,  Mass. 
J.  C.  Carl,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Hubbai'd,  Sunderland,  Mass. 
W.  H.  Porter,   Agawam,   Mass. 
Lyman  A.  Crafts,  East  Whately,  Mass. 
James  S   Forbes,  Burnside,  Conn. 
George  C.  Eno.   Simsbury,  Conn. 

W.  E.  Burbank,  Suffield,  Conn. 
E.  O.  Hills,  Southwick,  Mass. 
James  Morgan,   Hartford,  Conn. 
H.  Austin,  Suffield,   Conn. 
Charles  H.  Ashley,  Deerfield,  Mass 
H.  S.  Frye,  Poquonock,  Conn. 


(0 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Egypt's  Cigarette  Trade 

Report     of    tKe     Consul     General    at 
A.lexandria 


A  REPORT  on  t-iie  cigarette  mak- 
ing industry  of  Egj'pt  has  been 
niatle  bj-  the  United  States  Consul 
General  at  Alexandria.  The  many 
misapprehensions  existing  as  to  the 
source  of  many  of  the  so-called  Turkish 
cigarettes,  and  as  to  the  origin  and 
(inality  of  the  materials  used,  have  in- 
duced the  Egyptian  government  to 
compile  these  tignres  with  special  care. 
The  tobacco  and  cigarette  industry 
of  Egypt  is  regarded  as  of  such  im- 
portance that  in  tabulating  the  export 
and  import  returns,  leaf  tobacco  and 
cigarettes  are  stated  separately,  while 
all  other  kinds  of  merchandise  are  con- 
solidated in  a  single  class.  The  total 
imports  of  tobacco  during  the  calendar 
year  190;!  amounted  to  l.i,  183,328 
pounds,  valued  at  |:^,02i),24.j.  The 
amount  imported  in  1002  is  not  stated, 
but  the  value  is  given  at  $3,01.^,670, 
showing  an  increase  for  1903  of 
113,57.5.  The  exports  of  cigarettes, 
which  constitute  the  only  tobacco 
product  separately  reported,  aggregated 
1,  ION, 640  pounds,  valued  at  |2,07G,47."). 
The  value  of  the  exports  in  1902  was 
12,149,680,  showing  a  decrease  during 
1903  of  173,205.  From  these  figures 
it  appears  that  Egypt  consumes  all  but 
about  8  per  cent,  of  her  importations 
of  leaf  tobacco. 

The  rei)utation  which  Egyptian 
cigarettes  enjoy  in  well-informed 
quarters  as  being  manufactured  from 
high-grade  Turkish  tobacco,  appears 
to  be  sustained  by  an  examination  of 
the  detailed  import  figures,  from  which 
it  appears  that  of  tlie  total  of  15,- 
182,323  pounds   imported,    nearly  one- 


half,  or  7,355,211  pounds,  came  from 
Turkey.  This  tobacco  was  invoiced  in 
the  country  of  origin  at  !{!1,701,485,  or 
about  23  cents  per  pound.  It  is 
probable  that  the  actual  imports  of 
Turkish  tobacco  are  much  larger  than 
stated,  for  the  reason  that  considerable 
quantities  are  annually  shipjied  from 
Turkey  to  Grecian  ports,  and  thence 
trans-shijjped  to  other  ports  on  the 
Mediterranean  Sea.  This  fact  is  re- 
flected in  the  figitres  shown  In  this 
summary,  from  which  it  appears  that 
there  were  imported  into  Egypt  from 
Greece  in  1903  no  less  than  4,954,087 
pounds,  valued  at  |05,550.  It  would 
seem,  therefore,  that  about  80  per  cent, 
of  the  total  imports  of  tobacco  into 
Egypt  are  brought  in,  directly  or  in- 
directly, from  Turkey. 

The  following  table  shows  the  im- 
ports of  leaf  tobacco  in  detail  by 
countries  of  origin : 

Pounds.  Value 

Great  Britain 9(,.='FS  $2,S,170 

IJritish  Medilerratieaii 

Possessions 47.7*,  20,740 

Erilisli  Oriental   Pos- 
sessions   .=;,08,S  2.560 

Germany 10.714  4.0<10 

United  States 2il.Sm  0,025 

Austria-Hungary 1,053.2:1  2S1,W0 

lieljfium 4,1117  1,')55 

Bul),'aria 608,410  1,52.110 

China  and  Orient 431,8.y  98,145 

Spain l'«  95 

France 2,521  690 

French  Mediterranean 

Possessions 250  S5 

Greece    4,944,088  675,550 

Holland 12.0.51  5,635 

Italy 26.141)  12,3.=5 

Persia 413,402  46.'i75 

Koumania 45.3.^1  10.315 

Russia 7,744  1,755 

Switzerland 25,069  11,966 

Turkey 7,355,211  1,701,485 

Other  Countries 176  45 

Total 15,182,323  $3,ii29,245 


Tobacco  in  Greece 

Culture    of    tKe     Leaf    MaKing     Rapid     Strides 
in     Recent     Years 


I^O  industry  has  made  such  strides 
in  Greece  of  recent  j'ears  as  the 
culture  of  tobacco.  Till  quite  lately 
the  tobacco  grown  in  Greece  was  only 
smoked  in  the  kingdom  itself,  but  last 
year  it  began  to  take  its  place  in  the 
European  markets,  due  to  the  greater 
care  taken  in  the  choice  of  plants  and 
in  their  cultivation,  and  also  to  the 
monopoly  wliich  has  caused  such  a  rise 
in  the  price  of  Turkish  tobacco. 

In  Greece  there  is  no  tax  on  the 
growth  of  tobacco,  and  there  is  no 
monopoly,  so  that  no  restraint  is  placed 
on  the  cultivation  of  the  plant.  But 
on  the  other  hand,  tobacco  can  only  be 
cut  up,  and  cigarettes  can  only  be  made 
in  the  state  manufactories,  where, 
however,  the  merchants  are  allowed  to 


use  their  own  machinery.  A  tax  and 
a  stamp  duty  has  to  be  paid,  which 
comes  to  rather  less  than  half  a  crown 
per  pound  of  tobacco.  The  state  also 
reserves  the  right  of  manufacturing 
cigarette  paper.s,  and  from  this  and 
frtjm  the  duty  on  tobacco  Greece  last 
year  realized  over  half  a  million  ster- 
ling. 

The  cultivation  of  tobacco  has  been 
greatly  stimulated,  and  today  Greece 
produces  four  times  as  much  as  she 
needs  for  her  own  consumption.  The 
leaf  has  not  got  the  peculiar  and  deli- 
cate aroma  which  distinguishes  the 
very  best  Turkish,  but  it  is  quite  as 
good  as  the  ordinary  tobacco  of 
Macedonia  and  Albania,  much  of 
which  has  been  sold  in  the  Euroi^ean 
market. 


Chinese    Imports    Increase 

There  has  been  a  great  increase  dur- 
ing recent  years  at  Tientsin  in  the 
quantity  of  cigars  and  cigarettes  im-' 
ported.  The  troops  there  are,  of  course,; 
large  purchasers.  But  smoking  is  also 
greatly  on  the  increase  amongst  the 
Chinese,  especially  the  smoking  of 
cigarettes. 


Saii:  Steam    Kn*; ine 

MNNO  UN  CEMENT 


WE  have  iu-st  placed  on  sale  hi 
ibe  new  su>re  of  IC.  U.  Dens- 
low,  218  Slate  Street.  Hartford. 
Conn.,  a  full  line  of  up-to-date 
farm  machinery.  We  make  a  spe- 
cialty of  Sleani,  Gas  and  Gaso- 
lene Entfines.  and  every  courtesy 
will  be  extended  by  Mr.  Denslow 
to  those  who  are  looktnj»-  for  any- 
thing- in  this  line. 

THE     B.     L,      BR.AGG     CO. 
Springffield.MassacHtisetts 


AiiiE#^l!!ilBanK 


1600,000 


JOSEPH  H, King,  .T^^^^^rt  William  J.Dixon. 
President.  — ""W^  Cashier. 

OPPOSITE    on'au.i..   e...n^ir.-    hahtford. 
CITY  HALL.  803  MAIN  STREET,  conn. 


CLOSE 
ATTENTION 

to  the  interests  of  our  de- 
positors is  always  our 
first  consideration.  The 
absolute  safety  of  their 
deposits,  and  our  extens- 
ive facilities,  quick  col- 
lections, modern  methods 
and  convenience  of  lo- 
cation have  secured  for 
us  an  ever  increasing  bus- 
k  iness  among  those  desir- 
ing the  safest 
banking 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND     TOBACCO     GROWER 


n 


El^ssex  ^Special  Tobacco 


Manure 
and 

Tobacco 
Starter 


LTHOUGH  the  prices  of  chemicals  have  ad- 
vanced very  much  during  the  past  season,  we 
guarantee  to  keep  the  analyses  of  all  the  high- 
grade  Essex  Specials  fully  up  to  the  high  stand- 
ard of  preceding  years. CThe  Growers  that  use  our  to- 
bacco goods  are  among  the  most  successful  raisers  in 
the  Valley,  getting  good  weight  and  a  large  percentage 
of  light  goods  in  all  seasons.  CBuy  our  Tobacco 
Starter  for  your  seed-beds,  your  plants  will  be  from  ten 
days  to  two  weeks  earlier  than  those  grown  on  any  other 
formula. CSend  for  our  1904  Catalogue. 


RUSySIA  CEMENT  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS      jz/    £/    jS^     j£f    jS?    ^ 

GLOUCESTER,  ^^'MASS. 


E.    B.  KIBBE,    General   Agent.    Box    752,  Hartford,  Conn. 


TKe  Tobacco  Family 

No     Lines     of    Trade     so     Closely    Allied     as 
TKis     Industry 


THERE  is  HO  line  of  trade  iu  whicli 
the  various  flivisions  are  so  close- 
ly allied  and  interlaced  as  in  the  to- 
bacco industry,  says  Tobacco  Leaf. 
Each  individual  branch  of  tliis  busi- 
ress  is  like  one  lueuiber  of  a  family, 
and  takes  almost  as  much  interest  in 
the  doings  of  the  other  members  as  in 
its  own  personal  affairs. 

Not  one  retail  jeweler  out  of  a 
hundred  can  tell  you  where  a  ruby 
came  from  or  how  it  was  mined;  the 
man  who  sells  you  your  spring  suit 
wouldn't  know  a  woolen  mill  if  he 
should  see  one;  and  your  hatter  knows 
no  more — and  generally  le.ss — about 
the  manufacture  of  a  Panama  than 
you  yourself.  In  these  and  nearly  all 
other  lines,  each  separate  branch,  from 
the  original  producer  of  the  raw 
product  tc  the  man  who  hands  it  out 
over  the  retail  counter  in  manufactured 
form,  lives  closely  within  his  own 
little  zone  of  dealing — knowing  little, 
and  caring  less,  about  the  kindred 
divisions. 

Not  so  tobacco.  My  Lady  Nicotine, 
whose  sociability  is  her  most  promi- 
nent trait,  has  kept  ner  brood  together, 
and  their  interests  aie  now  so  closely 
intertwined    that    they     are    as    one. 


Take,  for  example,  the  two  extienies, 
the  retail  cigarist  ami  the  leaf  tobacco 
packer.  Tlie  cigar  storekeeper  of  the 
present  time  does  not  content  himself 
with  the  trade  knowledge  to  be  found 
on  a  factory  price-list  or  a  salesman's 
business  card.  There  may  have  been 
a  time  when  the  price  per  thousand, 
and  a  superficial  comprehension  of  the 
sizes  and  shapes  of  cigars,  was  all  the 
trade  information  needed  bj'  the  man 
behind  the  counter;  but  it  isn't  so  to- 
day. 

The  modern  cigar  retailer  must 
know — and  does  kno\v,  if  he  is  up-to- 
date — all  about  tobacco,  from  the  seed- 
bed to  the  final  ash.  He  must  be 
familiar  not  only  with  the  evolution 
of  the  leaf  in  geneial,  but  with  the 
characteristics  of  every  succeeding 
crop;  and  he  must  be  posted  not  only 
on  the  leaf  in  hand  and  in  the  market, 
but  on  the  prospective  conditions  of 
the  crop.  It  is  only  by  thus  keeping 
in  touch  with  the  embryonic  stages  of 
his  stock-in-trade  that  he  is  able  to 
talk  intelligently  to  his  clientele,  and 
that  he  is  better  fitted  to  act  advan- 
tageouslj'  to  himself. 
""  Reversing  the  extremes,  the  packer 
of  leaf  finds  it  quite  necessary  to  know 


what  is  going  on  in  retail  circles.  By 
keeping  his  hand  on  the  dealer's  pulse 
he  is  guided  in  his  operations  in  the 
field,  and  he  can  guage  his  purchases 
more  accurately,  and  with  better  re- 
sults. The  community  of  interests  be- 
tween these  two  divisions  of  the  trade 
has  been  especially  marked  of  late,  and 
during  the  past  few  years  it  has  even 
become  the  vogue  for  leading  cigar  re- 
tailers to  visit  Cuba  and  other  leaf- 
growing  sections  at  regular  iuteivals, 
merely  for  the  purpose  of  broadening 
tlieir  knowledge  of  leaf  trade  affairs. 

Tobacco  in  the  Transvaal 

The  official  statement  of  the  quantity 
and  value  of  exportations  from  the 
Tiansvaal  for  the  twelve  months  ended 
December  31  last  gives  the  total  num- 
ber of  cigarettes  exported  at  L>.i.5(),(i.'iO, 
compared  with  only  21)6,900  in  the 
previous  twelve  months.  Altogether 
170,932  pounds  of  tobacco  were  ex- 
ported from  the  Transvaal  last  year,  as 
against  102,072  pounds  iu  1902. 
These  figures  strongly  encourage  the 
belief  that  the  South  African  Colonies 
will  before  long  be  supplying  a  good 
part  of  the  tobacco  sold  in  the  English 
market. 
Forbid    Imports     by    Letter    Post 

Amongst  the  goods  which  it  is  for- 
bidden to  import  by  letter  pest  to 
Italy  belongs  tobacco.  An  exception, 
however,  is  made  iu  favor  of  the  Min- 
istry of  Finance  in  Rome.  Pipes  and 
pipe  stems  can  be  imported  as  patterns 
of  no  value  up  to  100  kg. 


12 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Sumatra  in  PHilippines 

Series    of    Experiments    in    tKe     Culture 
of    tHe     Leaf 


THE  Division  of  Insular  aftairs  of 
the  War  Department  at  Wasliin!>- 
ton  is  in  receipt  of  tlie  annual  report 
of  the  Bureau  of  Agriculture  of  the 
Philippine  Islands  for  the  year  1908, 
in  which  is  embodied  an  interesting 
account  of  a  series  of  experiments  in 
the  culture  of  Sumatra  tobacco  at  the 
experiment  station  at  Malate,  Island 
of  Luzon.  The  report  is  in  part  as 
follows: 

"All  experiments  with  tobacco 
grown  from  Sumatra  seed  at  the  Ma- 
late experiment  station  gave  most  sat- 
isfactory results.  A  one-tenth  acre 
plot  wa?  planted.  It  was  intended  to 
grow  one-half  of  this  plot  under 
shade:  but  the  structure  erected  for 
this  purpose,  being  very  light,  was 
destro3'ed  by  the  winds  during  the 
month  of  March,  and  this  feature  of 
the  experiment  had  to  be  abandoned. 
The  seed  was  sown  January  14,  and 
transplanted  to  the  plot  Febrtiary  14. 
At  this  time  there  was  little  or  no 
moisture  in  the  ground.  As  a  pi'ecau- 
tion,  the  plants  were  set  late  in  the 
afternoon  and  abundantly  watered. 
Cutworms  destroyed  many  of  the  young 
plants,  which  necessitated  resetting 
the  plot  several  times.  Owing  to  the 
diiference  in  the  age  of  the  plants,  the 
crop  did  not  mature  uniformly:  hence, 
the  entire  crop  could  not  be  harvested 
on  the  same  date.  The  plants  were  set 
eighteen  inches  apart,  in  rows  3}4  feet 
apart.  Very  little  cultivation  was  re- 
quired in  the  growing  crop.  Stirring 
the  .soil  once  a  week  with  a  fine  tooth 
cultivator  was  sufficient  to  keep  it  in 
good  condition.  The  plot  was  irrigated 
every  day  until  the  plants  were  large 
enough  to  shade  the  ground,  after 
which  very  little  watering  and  no  cul- 
tivation were  necessary.  On  May  7 
the  first  cutting  was  made.  Owing  to 
the  irregularity  in  planting,  only  about 
half  of  the  plants  were  fully  ripe  at  the 
time.  It  requires  some  experience  to 
determine  just  when  a  crop  of  tobacco 
is  ready  to  cut.  Usually  the  plants 
take  on  a  yellowish  green  color,  and 
the  leaves  are  dotted  with  lighter 
colored  specks.  The  tobacco  was  cut 
and  handled  in  the  same  manner  in 
which  It  is  usually  done  in  the  tobacco 
growing  districts  of  the  States. 

"The  stalk  was  first  split  from  the 
top  to  within  a  few  inches  of  the 
ground  with  a  heavy  snife,  and  then 
cut  off.  As  soon  as  cut,  the  plants  are 
hung  on  bamboo  sticks  three  feet  in 
length,  sis  stalks  to  the  stick,  and  im- 
mediately carried  to  the  shed.  If  the 
tobacco  is  allowed  to  remain  in  the  sun 
after  cutting  even  for  a  short  time,  it 
ia  ruined.  Such  precautions  in  a  tem- 
perate climate  is  not  necessary.  In 
fact,  the  planters  in  tlie  States  prefer 
(o  have  the  tobacco  wilt  before  putting 
it  in  the  barns,  as   the   leaves   are  less 


apt  to  be  broken  or   damaged  in    hand- 
ling. 

"On  July  7,  two  months  from  the 
date  of  the  first  cutting,  the  tobacco 
was  stripped  and  graded  in  the  follow- 
ing way:  The  best  fourteen  inch 
leaves  graded  as  No.  1 :  twelve  inch 
leaves  as  No.  2,  and  the  shorter  leaves 
and  trash  as  No.  3.  The  only  difier- 
ence  between  Nos.  1  and  3  is  in  the 
length  of  the  leaves;  both  will  make 
fine  cigar  wrappers.  Nearly  all  the 
crop  grades  as  Nos.  1  and  3.  No.  3 
will  make  good  fillers  or  smoknig  to- 
bacco. 

SUMMARY 

1-1 0th  acre  Rate  per 

yield.  acre. 

Pounds.  Pounds. 

No.  1 38  380 

No.  3 47  470 

No.  3    ..    13  120 

Total 97  970 

Second  crop — 

No.  3 30  300 

No.  3 50  200 

Total 80  500 

"Frcjm  the  above  figures  it  will  be 
seen  that  the  total  yield  for  the  two 
crops  was  at  the  rate  of  1,470  pounds 
per  acre." 

To    Stop    Smuggling 

To  put  an  end  to  the  growing  prac- 
tice of  smuggling  leaf  tobacco  into  the 
United  States  from  Belgium,  the 
Netherlands  and  Germany,  Collector 
Stranahan  at  New  York  has  addressed 
a  letter  to  steamship  companies  warn- 
ing them  of  theii-  liability  in  the  mat- 
ter. The  treasury  department  has 
agents  at  Holland  ports  watching  the 
ring  of  smugglers. 

WANT  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


Advertisements  under  this  head  cost  one 
cent  a  word  each  time;  no  auverlisement  taken 
for  less  than  twenty  cents;  cash  or  stamps 
must  accompany  orders,  which  should  be  re- 
ceived by  the  2Sth  of  the  month. 


FOR  SALE— Farm,  160  acres,  with  pink 
errauite  led^e  and  about  2fX)0  cords  of  wood; 
tine  site  for  building-.     Box  185,  Beckel,  Mass. 

WANTED— Reliable  sin^rle  man  to  work  on 
milk  farm.  W.  J.  Baker,  Z^3  Fairview  ave., 
Chicopee,  Mass. 

WANTED— Man  to  take  care  of  horses  and 
work  about  place,  also  farm  hand  ;  (^ood  wayes. 
Address  Box  121,  Care  of  Wew  England  Tobac- 
co Grower, 


JENKINS    &    BARKER, 

Successors  to  Col.  Charles  L.  Bnrdett. 

PatiMit  and  Trade  Mark  Causes. 
Solicilotsof  Miiited  Slates  and   Foreifrii  Pat- 
ents, ])esit,'ns  .'Mill  Trade  Maiks. 

FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING, 
50  State  Street,       -       Hartford,  Connecticut 


Removes  Micotine  from   Tobacco 

A  New  York  woman  physician  and 
chemist,  Dr.  E.  Edmonston,  has  dis- 
covered a  process  which  she  claims,  re- 
moves the  nicotine  and  gum  from  leaf 
tobacco  without  imparting  any  chemi- 
cal taste  or  odor,  and  without  impair- 
ing the  burning  (juality.  She  spent 
three  years  on  the  subject,  avoiding 
the  tannin,  gallic  and  pyrogallic  acid 
processes  which  have  been  used,  though 
ineflTectively,  to  produce  the  .same  re- 
sults, and  then  discovered  the  chemical 
formula  on  which  she  is  now  working. 
In  her  laboratory  the  experiment  ap- 
pears to  have  been  a  success,  but 
whether  it  will  do  its  work  on  a  large 
scale,  remains  to  be  determined. 


An  Old  Established 

cigar  and  leaf  tobacco  merchant  of 
New  York  City  desires  the  as.sociation 
of  a  grower,  buyer  and  packer,  for  the 
purpose  of  forming  a  corporation, 
with  headquarters  in  Connecticut.  I 
possess  a  thoroughly  tried  method  of 
sorting  and  packing  the  leaf,  which 
will  produce  a  packing  far  superior  to 
the  old  method,  and  will  eliminate,  to 
a  very  large  e.xtent,  the  possibility  of 
mold,  and  save  from  fifteen  to  twenty- 
five  per  cent,  of  the  original  cost. 
For  further  particulars, 

Address   "  G.," 

New  Engiaim  Totiacco  Grower 

HAR.TFORD.     CONN. 


Shade-Grown  Sumatra 
and  Shade-Grown 
Cuban  Wrappers 

FOR-  .SALE  IN  QUANTITIEJ 
\i  DE,ilR.ED 

Write  for  Samples  and  Prices 

FOSTER 

Drawer  42.       Hartford,  Conn. 


STUDIO 

1300    MAIN    ST.,     HARTFOFCD 

l«eaclin££  Artist  in  PHoto^rapKy 
arkd  Oev\eral  Portraiture. 

Our  iiliol(i;,M  aplis  are  not  "shade"  prowii  but 
are  itKuie  wiih  the  clearness  ami  exact  likeness 
Ihat  uin  for  us  pertnanenl  cusloiiu-rs.  AVe  are 
attiT  ji  our  plii)t<i(,'rnpliii- trailt".  Studio^  /036 
Main  St.,  Opposite  Morgan  St. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


13 


THe  History  of  Tubbaco 

A.S     Compiled     for    the     Tobacco     Leaf 
Bx    'Willie     Smith 


TUBBACO  i.s  a  shrub  whifli  ^rdws 
in  Counefticut,  Pennsylvania, 
Havanner,  Hoboken  and  uiy  grand- 
father's backyard,  where  I  seen  sum 
sprouting  last  summer,  I  did.  Sum 
smokes  it,  sum  chews  it,  anil  Ma  puts 
it  under  the  carpet  to  keep  out  bugs. 

Tubliaco  was  discovered  by  Kristofer 
Oolumhus  in  1493,  wich  is  a  good 
show;  did  you  ever  see  itV  Kris  was 
croozing  for  Ferdie  Nand,  who  was  a 
king  and  went  to  Ouba.  I  mean  Kris 
did,  not  the  king.  He  went  upon  the 
sandy  ."hore  and  fell  upon  his  neeze 
and  cast  his  eyes  up  to  Heven,  for  the 
first  thing  be  seen  was — now  what  do 
you  think  it  was  he  seen  1  why,  the 
natiS  injuns  smoking  tubbaco  made 
into  slindrical  form  and  wrapped  in 
maize  leaves,  wich  is  corn  husks, 
nothink  more.       Kris  bought  a    box  of 


them  and  thought  they  was  fine,  and 
saled  V  ith  them  back  to  Ferdie  Nand, 
the  king,  wich  was  tlie  first  interduc- 
tion  of  tubbaco  in  Europe,  it  was. 

A  gent  named  Sir  Walter  Rollie  also 
claimed  that  he  was  the  first  inter- 
dticer.  There  is  a  cromo  in  Pa's  bed- 
room wich  is  a  picture  of  Waltre  doing 
his  interduction  act,  an  it  shows  Mr. 
Shakespear,  Bennie  .Johnson  all  smok- 
ing, happy  and  serene. 

Tubbaco  is  the  king  of  beasts.  It 
blossoms  on  the  hillside  in  the  spring- 
time and  made  Johnnie  Nolan  sick; 
but  when  I  laffed,  Johnnie  hit  me  in 
the  jaw,  wich  I  had  rather  get  than 
be  as  sick  as  Johnnie  was. 

Tubbaco  is  a  mighty  power  through- 
out the  land,  for  one  dago  with  a  south 
wind  and  an  old  pipe  can  clean  cut  a 
Con^y  Island  car  in  8  seconds. 


Dark    Tobacco     Growers 

The  Dark  Tobacco  (jrowers'  Associa- 
tion of  Kentucky  has  called  a  state 
convention  to  meet  July  11,  at  Owens- 
boio.  Delegates  will  come  fronj  the 
forty-five  counties  in  the  First,  Second, 
Tliird  and  Fourth  Congressional  dis- 
tricts. It  will  be  the  most  important 
meeting  of  tobacco  growers  ever  held 
in  western  Kentucky.  In  the  opinion 
of  prominent  men  in  the  trade,  a  per- 
manent organization  of  all  the  dark 
tobacco  growers  of  the  Green  River 
district  is  practically  as.sured. 

Buying    Tobacco    Stems 

A  leaf  dealer  asks  to  be  informed  if 
he  can  buy  and  sell  tobacco  stems  for 
fertilizing  and  insecticide  purposes. 
He  was  advised  that  dealers  in  leaf  to- 
bacco are  not  permitted,  under  the 
law,  to  piirchase  tobacco  stems  for  any 
purpose;  that  their  purchases  are  con- 
fined wholly  to  leaf  tobacco;  that  to- 
bacco, broken  leaf  and  waste  tobacco, 
including  stems,  which  accumulate  in 
the  hands  of  a  dealer  in  leaf  tobacco, 
resulting  from  the  handling  of  stemmed 
or  unstemmed  leaf  tobacco,  may  be 
sold  and  delivered. 


The     Grower's     .Agent 

A  collector  calls  attention  to  the 
case  of  a  man  who  owns  a  farm  in 
Kentucky  which  is  conducted  bj'  his 
two  sons;  that  they  raise  leaf  tobacco 
thereon  and  ship  it  to  their  father, 
who  resides  in  another  city.  As  the 
agent  for  his  sons,  the  father  has  for 
several  years  been  selling  this  tobacco 
without  any  commission  or  compensa- 
tion, returning  to  his  sons  all  the  pro- 
ceeds of  the  sales. 

The  collector  was  advised  that  under 
the  law  it  has  been  uniformly  held  that 
the  farmer  and  grower  is  unrestricted 
in  the  sale  or  other  disposition  of  his 
tobacco  in  its  natural  condition  where 
the  same  is  of  his  own  gi'owth  and 
raising;  that  this  privilege  is  a  per- 
sonal one,  and  cannot  be  delegated  by 
the  farmer  to  an  agent  or  other  person 
to  sell  and  deliver  the  tobacco  for  him; 
that  an  agent  may  find  the  customer 
and  take  orders  for  the  sale  of  the  to- 
bacco, but  the  farmer  mu.st  make  tne 
delivery;  that  in  the  case  stated  the 
tobacco  wa.s  not  raised  by  or  for  the 
father,  and  did  not  come  to  him  as 
rent  from  his  sons  as  tenants  on  his 
land;  and  that  the  business  that  he 
had  been  conducting  required  that  he 
should  qualify  as  a  manufacturer  of 
tobacco,  and  that  the  tobacco  hereto- 
fore sold  by  the  father  would  be  re- 
quired to  be  tax-paid  at  the  rates  in 
existence  at  the  time  the  sales  were 
made,  it  being  understood  that  this 
practice  had  been  carried  on  for  a 
number  of  years. 

HEJtDQUJtRTERS  FOR 

TOBBGGO  llfSORIIIIGE 

F.  F.  SMALL  &  CO., 

95  Pearl  St.,   HJIRTFORD,    COMM. 
14  Port   St.,  SPRINGFIELD,  MMSS. 


«^ 


Baker's  Traceless  Harness 


L  his  harness  is  p.^irticuliirly  valuable  to  luhaccu  (.mdw- 
ers,  both  in  the  cuUivation  of  open  and  cloth  covered 
nelds.  Owing  to  the  absence  of  whiffletrees  and  traces, 
closer  work  can  be  done  with  teams  everywhere.  It  is  the 
farmer's"Handy  Harness,"  saves  labor.'and  makes  farm 
work  easier.  Invaluable  to  every  fruit  grower,  orchard- 
ist  and   lumberman.     Endorsed  by    users    everywhere 

Write  to-day    fi.r  Ire.- c.ilaI.".Mie. 
B.  F.  BAKER  CO.,     234  Main  St.,  Burnt  Hills,  N.  V. 


Washing 
Powder 

l^ade  by 


Swiffs 

Washing 
Powder 


CLOTHING 

WOOLEHS 


■^^-.S- 


Swift's  Washing  Powder  is  the  Tidy  Housewife's  best  friend- 
Try  a  package  and  see  for  yourself. 

SWIFT     PROVISION     COMPANY, 


1*)    JOHN    STREET. 


BOSTON,    MASS. 


li 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Climate  and  Soil 

Hovir    They    Affect    tHe     GrowtK    and     Color    of 
Tobacco    in     Different    Sections 


^~f^  HE  discovery  of  tobacco  in 
I  America  was  the  beginniug  of 
a  new  development  in  trade 
and  finance  and  the  creation 
of  iPnew-  appetite  foi  mankind, 
says  Colonel  J.  B.  Killebrew  in  an 
article  printed  in  the  Southern  To- 
bacco Journal.  No  other  cultivated 
product  of  eaith  is  used  by  so  many 
persons  as  tobacco,  with  the  single  ex- 
ception of  tea.  Civilized  man,  as  well 
as  savage,  enjoys  its  soothing  etiects. 
It  is  believed  to  be  the  most  satisfying 
and  the  least  in.iurious  of  all  the 
narcotics  or  stimulants  to  which  man- 
kind is  addicted.  Unlike  all  other 
substances  ot  anodynes  employed  for 
allaying  the  sensibilities  or  mitigating 
pain  or  relieving  the  hardships,  tobacco 
does  not  impair  mental  activity  or 
affect  the  moral  sense,  nor  does  it 
tempt  one  to  the  use  of  more  pernicious 
drugs,  but  rather  acts  as  a  preventive 
against  their  direful  inroads.  Tobacco 
belongs  to  the  night-shade  family, 
which  furnishes  the  potato,  the  tomato 
and  led  pepper,  all  of  American  origin. 
There  is  one  genus  Nicotiana  only 
that  is  cultivated—several  species  and 
hundreds  of  varieties.  The  species  N. 
tabacum  is  cultivated  almost  exclusive- 
ly in  the  United  States.  The  only 
other  sjiecies  grown  to  any  extent  is  N. 
rustica,  sometimes  called  green  to- 
bacco, because  it  has  green  flowers  and 
the  leaves  cure  up  a  greenish  color. 
The  writer  has  seen  it  growing  in  the 
barrancas  of  Mexico,  where  it  becomes 
a  perennial  plant,  and  the  product  is 
much  used  by  the  native  Indians  and 
half-breeds.  This  species  is  .suited  to 
a  cool  climate,  and  is  cultivated  iu 
Northern  Europe  and  in  parts  of  Asia, 
yielding  the  Hungarian  and  Turkish 
tobacco.  N.  quadrivalvis  is  another 
species,  low-branching  iu  its  habits  of 
growth,  cultivated  by  the  Indians  in 
tlie  Northwest. 

Each  one  of  these  species  has  numy 
varieties  and  some  varieties  may  have 
descended  from  several  species  inex- 
tricably mixed  by  crossing  and  varia- 
tion. In  no  other  plan  is  the  vari- 
ability of  species  involved  in  a  laby- 
rinth of  so  much  difficulty.  Soil, 
climate,  situation,  reciprocal  crossings 
of  varieties  and  interbreeding  all  go  to 
produce  an  offspring  varying  in  size, 
structure,  delicacy  of  liber,  color  of 
leaf  and  capacity  or  incapacity  to 
secrete  resinous  or  gummy  substances, 
sweetness  or  bitterness  of  odor. 
Kolreuter,  quoted  by  Darwin  in  his 
work  on  "Variation  in  Plants  and 
Animals  Under  Domestication,"  speaks 
of  five  varieties  of  common  tobacco 
that  wore  reciprocally  crossed, and  bred 
plants  intermediate  in  character  and 
as  fertile  as  their  parents.  Wliere 
these  five  varieties  were  crossed  with  a 
different   specie     they    yielded   sterile 


hybrids,     with    one    exception    only. 

Tobacco,  like  wheat,  adapts  itself  to 
climate,  soils  and  situations.  In  New 
England,  Pennsylvania  and  Wisconsin 
tobacco  is  ready  for  the  harvest  witMn 
eight  weeks  from  the  time  of  trans- 
planting to  the  fields,  but  in  Virginia, 
Kentucky,  Tennessee  and  North  Caro- 
lina from  80  to  130  days  are  required 
to  ripen  the  leaves,  except  iu  the 
Champlain  districts  of  the  seaeoa.st. 

The  Havana  seed  tobacco  is  now 
grown  extensively  in  all  the  localities 
in  the  Northern  States  where  35  years 
ago  onl}'  seed-leaf  varieties  were  culti- 
vated. This  Havana  seed  is  the  result 
of  four  successive  generations  from  the 
original  parent  seed  o'  the  Havana 
variety.  The  modification  brought 
about  by  climate  and  soil  gives  a 
distinct  variety,  longer  in  leaf,  but  with 
diminished  fragrance  as  compared 
with  the  original  Havana.  The  leaves 
are  finer  in  texture  and  more  fragrant 
than  the  seed-leaf  varieties.  If  the 
seed  from  the  Havana  variety  be 
planted  in  succession  for  several  years, 
the  tendency  of  the  plant  is  towards 
the  larger  and  coarser  leaf. 

The  theory  in  growing  the  best  types 
of  yellow  tobacco  is  to  regard  the  soil 
as  a  sponge  which  has  the  capacity  to 
receive  and  retain  jnst  enough  fertiliz- 
ing matter  to  support  the  plant  until 
it  reaches  a  proper  size.  After  this  it 
is  best  that  the  fertilizers  be  exhausted 
so  that  the  plant  may  go  into  a  gradual 
decline  in  its  vitality,  like  the  hickory 
leaves  in  autumn,  growing  more  and 
more  yellow,  more  and  more  delicate 
in  ti.ssue,  and  more  and  more  beautiful 
until  it  is  harvested.  It  was  soon  as- 
certained that  too  much  manure  applied 
to  the  soil  will  destroy  the  best  quali- 
ties of  the  leaf,  vitiate  its  fragrance 
and  diminish  its  brightness  of  color. 

The  stupendous  economical  effects  of 
the  growth  of  yellow  tobacco  in  North 
Carolina  are  visible  on  every  hand. 
Old  fields  upon  which  many  former 
generations  had  lived  iu  penury  and 
died  in  poverty  became  the  chief 
cornerstone  ot  the  agriculture  of  the 
state.  Oftentimes  from  $150  to  $-M0 
■were  made  from  a  single  acre  of  to- 
bacco. The  prices  of  these  old  worn- 
out  lands,  covered  with  broomsedge, 
chinquapin  bushes  and  old  field  pines, 
perfect  pictures  of  sterility,  have  ad- 
vanced from  50  cents  per  acre  to  $:n 
and  $.50  per  acre. 

New  towns  have  sprung  uj)  and 
manufacturing  industry  is  more  active 
in  North  Carolina  tlum  in  any  other 
Southern  State.  The  profits  from  the 
yellow  tobacco  crop  laid  the  founda- 
tion for  the  building  of  over  7,000 
manufacturing  establishments,  of 
which  679  are  reported  for  textile  and 
101  for  the  manufacture  of  tobacco. 
Such    a    transformation    has  rarely,    if 


ever,  taken  place  in  the  agricultural 
and  industrial  development  ot  any 
country.  The  farmers  of  North  Caro- 
lina are  now  abreast  with  the  farmers 
cultivating  the  richest  prairie  ,«oils  of 
Illinois  and  Iowa,  and  probably  alto- 
gether they  enjoy  a  greater  prosperity. 

There  is  a  singular  ccrrelation  be-  ' 
tween  the  color  of  the  soil  and  the 
color  of  the  tobacco  grown  upon  it, 
and  also  between  the  constituent  ele- 
ments of  the  soil  and  the  (juality  of 
the  cui'ed  product. 

A  light  colored  soil,  whether  of 
arenaceous  or  clayey  material,  will 
yield  a  product  that  will  cure  to  lighter 
colors  than  that  grown  on  soils  of  a 
darker  color.  Tobacco  grown  on  sandy 
soils  is  more  porous,  but  is  much 
coarser  than  that  grown  on  clayey  soils. 
Newly  opened  land,  or  what  is  called 
"new  ground,"  whatever  its  character. 


<«  ^ 


[XI 


ADl 

THAT 

PAY 


are  those  that  reach 
jnst  the  class  of  peo- 
ple to  whom  you 
want  to  sell  your 
goods. 

If  you  want  to  do 
business  with  the  to- 
bacco g  rowers  of  New 
England,  the  adver- 
tising medium  to  use 
is  The  New  Eng- 
I,  .\  N  D  Tobacco 
Growek. 

Intellig'ent  adver- 
tising in  The  New 
ENGr..\ND  ToB.\cco 
Grower  makes  good 
customers.  It  brings 
not  merely  a  tran- 
s  i  e  II  t  trade,  but 
steady  business,  for 
the  tcbacco  growing 
industry  is  such  that 
tlie  grower  finds 
himself  in  need  of 
new  equipment  and 
new  supplies  at 
every  season  of  the 
year. 


^/>e     NE-W      ENGLAND 
TOBACCO     GRO"WER, 


Hartfora, 


Connecticut. 


THE  NEW  ENGLAND  TOBACCO  GROWER 

LUTHBR  M.  CASE, 

WINSTED,   CONNECTICUT, 

Packer  and  Dealer  in 

Connecticut    Leaf  Tobacco.  %\^ 

Shade    Grown  ^J^  ^^\^f 

Sumatra    in    Bales.  ^fT 

Main  Warehouse  and  Office,   Pine  Meadow,  Conn. 


J5 


BRJfMCH    IVMREHOVSES: 

SoutUwick,  Mass.,— Foreman,  H.  L-  Miller. 
East  Canaan,  Conn.,— Foreman,  L.  F.  Bronson. 
liarkhanisted.  Conn.,— Foreman.  L.  A.  T.,ee. 
North  Hatfield,  Mass., — Foreman,  Willis  Holden. 
New  Hartford,  Conn  .,— Foreman,  James  Stewart. 


SUMATRA    PLANTATIONS: 


Pine   Meadow,  Conn., 
Barkhamsted,  Conn., 
Southwick,  Mass., 


25  Acres 
20  Acres 
\5    Acres 


Always  in  the  market  for  old  Tobacco  if  well 
assorted  and  packed.  ^  Havana  Seed  Wrap- 
pers a  specialty,  assorted  and  sized  into 
thirty-two  g-rades. 


mfmfmmmfmmmfmmmmmfmfh 


will  mature  a  crop  of  tobacco  qnicker 
than  old  lands  of  the  sauie  general 
characteristics,  and  the  protluct  -will 
be  lighter  in  color. 

Periqne  tobacco,  so  strong  in  the 
essential  i)roperties  of  tobacco,  is 
almost  black  in  color.  It  is  grown  in 
the  vacheries  of  Louisiana,  the  soils 
of  which  Mre  a  dark  alluvium,  rich  in 
humus  and  plant  food,  and  but  little 
elevated  abuve  the  swamps  with  which 
they  are  surrounded. 

The  dark  color  of  the  tobacco  is  due 
largely  to  the  method  of  curing,  which 
is  done  by  the  frequent  reabsorptiou  of 
its  juices  after  being  heavily  pressed. 
Indeed,  it  is  said  to  be  cured  in  its 
juices. 

Situation  has  much  to  do  with  the 
quality  of  cured  tobacco,  other  things 
being  equal.  A  southern  exposure 
will  make  a  tobacco  lighter  in  body, 
brighter  in  color  and  with  less  gummj' 
material  in  its  composition.  A  north- 
ern slope,  I'eceiving  less  sunlight,  will 
require  a  longer  period  for  bringing 
the  tobacco  to  maturity.  It  has  more 
time  for  storing  up  gummy  substances. 
An  eastern  exposure  will  make  tobacco 
intermediate  between  that  grown  on 
the  northern  and  soirthein  exposures, 
while  that  grown  on  western  slopes 
will  be  more  like  that  grown  on  a 
soiTthern  slope,  as  it  receives  more  of 
the  heat  of  the  sun  than  that  grown  on 
an  eastern  exposure. 

No  other  product  is  taxed  so  heavily 


as  tobacco.  England  levies  a  tax  of 
77  cents  per  pound  when  it  contains 
10  per  cent,  of  moisture;  8o  cents  per 
ponnd  when  it  contains  less  than  this 
amount.  This  is  from  1,^00  to  15  per 
cent,  on  the  prices  which  farmers 
receive.  Norway,  Sweden.  Switzer- 
land, Holland,  Belgium,  Russia,  all 
levy  heavy  taxes.  France,  Portugal, 
Spain,  Austria  and  Turkey  make  a 
monopoly  of  tobacco.  All  tobacco  is 
sold  directly  to  the  governments  last 
named,  manufactured  by  them  and  sold 
to  consumers.  France,  however,  in 
order  to  accommodate  her  thousands  of 
guests,  will  permit  the  introduction, 
or  rather  the  importation,  of  tobacco 
for  private  use  of  the  importer  upon 
payment  of  fG94.80  for  100  kilograms. 
This  is  ifsR.  15  per  iiound,  and  this  is 
probably  the  highest  duty  ever  paid 
upon  any  article  of  consumption. 
Those  countries  making  a  monopoly  of 
tobacco  are  called  Regie  governments. 

Insurance  on  Tobacco  Crop 

L.  R.  Lobdel  of  Bast  (:iranby  and 
August  Pouleur  of  Windsor  have  caused 
to  be  summoned  to  the  superior  court 
to  answer  charges,  tfee  Fire  Associa- 
tion of  Philadelphia, '  the  Fireman's 
Fund  Insurance  company  of  San 
Francisco,  and  the  British  American 
Assurance  company  of  Toronto.  On 
December  10,  1003,  tobacco,  belonging 
to  the  plaintiffs  in  Windsor  was 
destroyed  by  fire.     The  companies  had 


insured  the  tobacco  for  $6,000,  the 
Fire  association  for  $1,500,  the 
British- American  for  13,000,  and  the 
Fireman's  Fund  for  $2,500.  The 
plaintiffs  claim  00  per  cent,  of  these 
amounts.  They  also  claim  that  Charles 
A.  Cooley  of  Boston,  the  appraiser 
named  by  the  companies,  has  failed  to 
meet  their  appraisei,  and  that  the 
money  due  them  from  the  companies 
has  not  been  paid. 


IN   CAR.    OK 
CARGO  LOTJ 

Prompt  Delivery 

Lowest  Prices 

II.  M,  Goodrich 


HARTFORD  AND  NEW  YORK 
TRANSPORTATION   COMPANY 

H  A.R  T  F  O  RD 
CONNECTICUT 


16 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


'o"o"''>^o"°^      "  ^'°  ^^o  ^""^  ^o  ^^  ^^°  ^^  *~^o    —  o^ — ^o^'o'-'o^ — ^o-'o"o^'o^^o— 'o^^o" 


^ 


^ 


Iritemational 
Tobacco  ClotH 


^ 


^' 


^' 


HE  superiority  of  The  International 
Tobacco  Cloth  has  been  fully  dem- 
onstrated in  the  field  <H  High-grade 
material  and  skilful  construction,  combined 
with  long  experience  in  manufacturing  this 
class  of  fabric,  accounts  for  the  superiority 
of  The  International  Tobacco  Cloth  €I,iVIade 
in  all  required  widths;  shipments  prompt 
and  complete. 


Forbes  ®.  Wallace 

Spring'field,  Mass.  >?  ^ 


o  ^"^  T  ^-^  o 


S^ 


9  ^— ^  O  ^--v  O 


lgt§tSt§t(St8t§lgt§t§t§t§t§tS^tSt§lgtStSl8ig^tiSt§« 


'^Ae  New  England 

Tobacco  Grower 


VOL.  V.  No.  5. 


r 


HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT,  JULY,  1904. 


$J.OO  A  YEAR 


rf 


'^\--  COIHiErCTlCUT    ^TATE     BUiLDmC 
,  LOUIJIAMA  PURCMAJSP  EXrC5IT!0N 
:  JT.  1,0UIJ,  1904 


THE  CONNECTICUT   BUILDINC,   AT   ST.  LOUIS. 


The  Connecticut  Building;  is  a  copy  of  the  well  known  Sigoumcy  house  in  Hartford  .ind  the  interior  is   in   eiact   keeping  with   the    Colonial   style   of 

exterior.     The  furnishings  are  simple  but  elegant.     The  upstairs  rooms  are   perfect   representations   of  the   long  ago,   with    high 

beds  and  their  canopy  tops.     The  building  contains  some  very  old  silver  and  china,  and  several 

extremely  valuable  paintings. 


i 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco  in  Germany 

The  manulacture  of  tobacco  in  Ger- 
many is  the  subject  of  a  report  received 
from  United  .States  Consul  Harris,  at 
Mannheim,  Germany.  Mr.  Harris 
says : 

The  use  of  machinery  of  German, 
French  and  American  designs  is 
common  in  the  better  factories  for  all 
processes  of  tobacco  and  cigar  manu- 
facture where  machinery  has  been 
found  practicable.  Inquiries  made  at 
and  by  this  consulate  would  indicate  a 
desire  on  the  part  of  the  cigar  and  to- 
bacco manufacturer  iu  this  locality  to 
avail  himself  of  labor-saving  devices  as 
far  as  possible. 

Ten  trade  journals  devoted  to  tobacco 
are  published  in  Germany,  and  are 
extensively  used  for  advertising 
machinery  and  other  appliances  used 
by  the  trade. 

The  feeling  of  hostility  and  alarm 
aroused  by  the  introduction  of  Ameri- 
can and  British  capital,  especially  in 
cigarette  manufacture.  in  Germany 
has  not  wholly  subsided.  The  multi- 
'ude  of  small  manufacturers  in  country 
villages  and  elsewhere — over  7,000 
factories  and  200,000  workers,  of 
whom  160,000  are  on  cigars-  is  re- 
ferred to  by  the  press  as  the  surest 
defen.se  against  any  general  consolida- 
tion of  the  tobacco  business  of  the 
Empire.  This  feature  of  German 
manufacturing  is  one  sure  to  attract 
the  notice  of  an  American  resident 
there,  and  undoubtedly  is  to  be  taken 
into  acccunt  in  any  survey  of  manu- 
facturing in  the  Empire. 

Speed  in  l^alamazoo 

An  experiment  is  being  made  in  Kala- 
mazoo, Michigan,  in  a  process  of  curing 
tobacco  that  may  prove  of  importance 
to  the  trade  in  general  should  it  be  suc- 
cessful. 

About  a  year  ago  Garrett  Dorenbus, 
of  Kalamazoo,  built  for  Thomas  J. 
Zeedyk,  of  Zeedyk  Cigar  Co.,  a  tobacco 
curer,  which  Mr.  Zeedyk  has  since 
used  with  a  good  deal  of  success  on 
raw  material  from  which  he  makes  his 
own  brands  of  cigars.  This  cure  has 
been  installed  in  the  factory  of  the 
Zeedyk  Cigar  Co.  and  is  a  simple 
cabinet  about  ten  feet  long,  eight  feet 
high  aod  four  feet  in  width,  and  will 
hold  when  tilled  about  a  ton  of  green 
tobaeco. 

While  declining  to  explain  in  full 
the  workings  of  this  contrivance,  Mr. 
Zeedyk  says  to  the  Tobacco  correspond- 
ent that  it  will  do  in  a  few  days  what 
has  formerly  taken  two  of  three  years 
to  perform,  and  that  in  the  process  to 
which  the  tobacco  is  subjected,  the 
flavor  of  the  leaf  is  not  injured  in  the 
slightest  degree.  No  poisonous  drugs 
of  any  nature  are  used  and  the  work  is 
accomplished  solely  by  an  equitable 
distribution  of  heat,    air  and  moisture. 

Mr.  Zeedyk  is  at  present  experiment- 
ing with  a  shipment  of  Connecticut 
leaf  of  the  crop  of  190:!.  The  tobacco 
was  sent  him  for  the  express  purpose 
of  testing  the  qualities  and  desirability 
of  this  new  invention. 


I  BAGS  WANTED  I 


CORRESPOND- 
ENCE 
SOLICITED 


COTTON    SEED 

MEAL   BAGS 

BOUGHT 


HIGHEST 

PRICES 

PAID 


BROOKDALE    FARM 


';  "West  Suffield,  Conn.  .<s»^-^  | 


Government  Levy 

The  Department  of  Agriculture  has 
raised  in  Texas  a  quantity  of  filler  to- 
bacco for  experimental  purposes,  and 
in  order  that  the  same  may  be  manu- 
factured into  cigars  authority  has  been 
granted  to  permit  a  cigar  manufactur- 
ing concern  to  receive  tliis  tobacco  and 
liaiidle  the  same;  the  inauufacturer  in 
this  instance  will  furnish  the  wrappers 
and  binders,  and  the  necessary  internal 
revenue  stamps  to  stamp  the  cigars, 
which  will  be  tuUy  tax-paid  before 
leaving  the  factory. 

Mid^June  Market 

The  past  week  has  shown  evidence 
of  a  real  trade  awakening  in  the  West, 
but  tne  Eastern  conditions  remain  un- 
favorable, though  sliglitly  improving. 
We  hear  of  considerable  sale-!  in  1903 
Pennsylvania  broadleaf,  as  well  as  in 
Connecticut  broadleaf.  .  Zimmer 
Spanish  1902  is  reported  to  be  moving 
fairly. 

Sumatra — Western  manufacturers 
are  now  taking  a  good  hold  on  the 
stocks  of  our  larger  importers,  annex- 
ing quite  large  lots,    though  the    East- 


ern cigar  factories  still  show  some  con- 
servatism as  to  the  size  of  their  pur- 
chases. Considering  the  fact  that  this 
maiket  now  contains  thoroughly  repre- 
sentative stocks  of  the  new  crop,  local 
importers  express  surprise  at  the  slow- 
going  policy  pursued  by  manufacturers 
of  our  Eastern  sections. 

Havana — The  tardy  curing  of  the 
new  crop  keeps  the  market  deplorablv 
depleted,  hence  the  present  almost 
absolute  stagnation  is  but  natural. 

Andrews  &  Peck^ 

MANUFACTURERS. 
Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

Doors,  Windows  and  Blinds. 

Manufacturers'  Agents  for  Akron   Sewer 
Pipe  and  Land  Tile. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  hotbed  sash. 

Office,  S8  MarKet  Street, 

Mill:   Charter  Oak   and   Vrcdendalc  Avenues. 
HARTFORD.  CONN. 


Dt    l^/lIDO     KIDER    AND    ERICSSON.     All    Sizes.     New  and   Second  Hand, 
I      UlVInO  from  845.00  up.     All    Repairs. 


BOILERS 


Second   Hand,  35  H.  P.,   Sleam,  $70.00.      No.  5,   Second   Hand 
Scollay  at  $50.00.    New  Boilers  at  Low  Prices. 


PIPE 


New  2  in..  Full  Leng-ths  at  95ic.;    Second  Hand,  2  in..  75;C.;    IVa  in.,  5Kc 
Va  in.,  Wic:  1  in.,  SKc;  K  in.,  3c.     Fittings  of  all  Kinds. 


PIPE  CUTTERS 


NEW    SAUNDERS    PATTERN 
No.  1,  31.00;  No.  2,  il.30. 


STOCKS  AND  DIES 


NEW    ECONOMY 

No.  1,  S3.00,  No.  2,  $4.00. 


STILLSON  WRENCHES 


NEW 
18  inch,    81.65,   24   inch,   S2.40. 


PIPE  VISES 


NEW 
No.  1,  HINGED,  82.25. 


f~\  A  D  P\  C  M      LJ  r^  O  C     NEW  Yi  in..  Guaranteed  100  lbs.  Water  Pressure 
Vjr\r\L/CIN      nwOtl        7J4c.  per  foot:   not  Guaranteed,  4Jic.  per  loot. 

/— \  I      A  OO     New,    16.X24,     Double.     Natural     Gas     Made    Glass,    83.40  per  Bo.\i 
La  l_r\00     14.\20.  Double,  83.20;  12.\16,  Single,  62.30;  10.\12  and  S.vlO,  Single,  82.25 


HOT  BED  SASH 


NEW,  No.  1  CYPRESS,  70c. 
COMPLETE,   FROM   $1.60  UP. 


Get  Our  Prices  for  New  Cypress  Building  Material,  Ventilating 
Apparatus,  Oil,  Putty,  White  Lead,  Points,  &c. 


Metropolitan      Material      Company 

l59S'l400^l402l404'ia06=l408  Metropolitan  Jivenue 
BROOKLYN.     NE^W    YORK 


^hQ     New     EI.i\g;lai:id 
Tobacco     Grower 


HARTFORD 


CONNE.CTICUT 


JULY 


1  9  O  4 


Acreage  About  tKe  Same 

Increase     in     Some     Sections     and 
Decrease     in     OtKers 


Glastonbury 

At  this  writing  growers  are  busy 
transplanting.  Tliere  is  always  some 
speculation  as  to  the  amount  of  the 
year's  acreage  as  compareil  with  other 
reasons,  but,  as  a  rule,  there  has  been 
but  slight  variation  here,  in  this 
respect,  for  a  number  ot  years.  If  the 
farmers  have  a  poor  season  they  try 
again  the  next  year,  expecting  to 
retrieve  their  losses,  and  many  ot  them 
succeed  in  doing  so,  or  the  crop  would 
not  be  so  extensively  grown. 

There  is  no  shade-grown  tobacco  in 
this  town  this  year.  C.  S.  Bunce  and 
C.  F.  Dean  have  each  rai.sed  an  acre  of 
shade-grown  for  the  past  two  years. 

Voquonock 

About  half  of  the  usual  acreage  was 
set  this  year.  The  crop  is  about  as  far 
advanced  as  it  was  last  year  at  this 
time,  although  a  few  growers  are  a 
week  or  ten  days  behind,  owing  to  the 
awkwardness  of  the  plants.  The 
damp  weather  has  been  exceptionally 
favorable  for  starting  the  plants,  but 
wire  worms  are  reported  to  be  numer- 
ous. 

The  tobacco  setting  machine  is  popu- 
lar with  everyone,  as  it  sets  more 
quickly  and  fully  as  well  a.s  by  hand. 
In  onl}'  a  few  cases  has  a  crop  bjeu  set 
by  hand  this  year. 

All  large  growers  of  Havana  will 
raise  the  same  amount  as  last  year, 
or  make  only  minor  additions.  Fred- 
erick Thrall  will  have  as  large  a  crop 
as  last  year,  about  forty-live  acres. 
Mr.  Giaves  will  raise  about  seventy 
acres,  twenty  acres  of  which  will  be 
broad  leaf,  making  an  increase  of 
seven  acres  over  1903. 

Blootnfield. 

The  West  Side  Sumatra  Tobacco 
Company  is  putting  out  about  fifty 
acres  under  cloth.  The  Sliade-Grown 
Sumatra  Tobacco  Company  of  Connec- 
ticut output  this  year  will  be  between 
forty  and  fifty  acres,  of  which  ten  acres 
will  be  shade-grown.  The  Krohn 
Tobacco  Company,  successors  of  the 
International  Tobacco  Culture  Cor- 
poration, is  to  raise  its  full  acreage  of 
115  acres,  all  outdoor  tobacco,  and  Olds 
&  Whipple  and  the  Windsor  Tobacco 
Growers'  Association  over  100  acres 
of  the  same.  Messrs.  Gabb  and  Mc- 
Cormick  are  setting  about  twenty 
acres     outdoor     tobacco.       James    H. 


Francis  seven  and  one-half  acres, 
Byron  B.  Barnard,  who  suffered  such  a 
heavy  loss  by  hail  last  year,  will  put 
out  about  the  same  number  of  acie.H, 
M.  F.  McLaughlin  will  raise  eight  and 
one-half  acres  and  other  growers  of 
from  three  to  five  acres  each,  will 
make  the  total  acreage  as  large  if  not 
larger  than  in  previous  years. 

East    Hartford 

The  principal  tobacco  raised  in  East 
Hartford  this  year  will  be  the  Connec- 
ticut broad  leaf,  but  a  small  amount 
of  Havana  seed  will  be  raised. 

Edward  O.  Goodwin,  agent  for 
Rosenwold  &  Brother,  states  that  he 
thinks  the  acreage  has  been  increased 
over  five  per  cent,  this  year. 

The  soil  of  East  Hartford  is  particu- 
larly fitted  for  the  raising  of  broad- 
leaf.  Havana  seed  does  not  seem  to 
do  as  well  although  some  good  crops 
have  been  raised. 

HillstoLun 

Arthur  Manning  has  gone  exten- 
sively into  the  tobacco  buying  busi- 
ness. He  has  built  a  tobacco  ware- 
house two  stories  high  with  baseraeiit, 
on  his  place,  and  during  the  past  win- 
ter has  packed  there  400  cases  of  the 
leaf.  Last  year  he  began  buying  to- 
bacco for  the  wholesale  market  atid 
packed  about  200  cases,  which  was 
disposed  of  at  a  good  piofit.  Mi. 
Manning's  father  was  a  large  tobacco 
raiser  and  he  himself  has  also  raised 
ten  to  twelve  acres  a  year.  He  has  a 
thorough  aciiuaintance  with  the  nature 
of  the  soil  and  the  character  of  the 
owners  of  scores  of  tobacco  farms  in 
this  rich  tobacco  growing  district. 
Most  of  the  leaf  pacned  by  him  was 
raised  in  Glastonbuiy  and  East  Hart- 
ford, and  the  crops  have  been  paid  for 
by  cash  on  delivery.  For  years  Mr. 
Manning  combined  the  occupations  of 
faiming  and  building. 

Windsor     Locks 

The  acreage  in  tobacco  will  be  close 
to  2.50  acres,  compared  with  HOO  a  year 
ago.  The  falling  off  is  wholly  in  tent 
grown.  There  may  be  some  inn-ease 
in  the  open. 

W.  S.  Pinney  will  grow  seventy 
acres  in  the  open  this  season,  and 
Albert  Graves  the  same  number. 

The  crop  in  this  section  averages 
around    two    weeks   later    than    usual. 


New     Milford 

Sutter  Brothers  intend  to  resume 
liusiness  as  usual  at  New  Milford  so 
that  the  prospect  is  that  tobacco  buy- 
ing, followed  by  the  extensive  assort- 
ing which  employs  at  least  100  to  185 
men  during  the  winter  season  will  be 
resumed  this  year  at  the  New  Milford 
warehouse  of  the  company.  The 
restoration  of  the  valued  and  popular 
industry  of  the  Sutter  Brothers  in  this 
village  would  be  most  eagerly  welcomed 
by  the  farmers  and  merchants.  The 
Sutter  Brothers  have  been  extensive 
buyers  of  Housatonic  vallej'  tobacco 
and  their  reputation  for  giving  the 
best  market  prices  and  for  fair  and 
satisfactory  dealing  ranks  high  in  this 
vicinit}'.  We  tru.st  that  tobacco  assort- 
ing on  a  large  scale  in  the  various 
warehouses  will  be  a  leading  feature 
of  industrial  life  in  New  Milford  next 
winter  and  will  add  much  to  the  pros- 
perity of  the  town. 

Jtvon 

The  farmers  have  b?en  busy  setting 
their  plants.  There  will  be  about  the 
same  acreage  as  there  has  been  in 
previous  years,  but  oniy  25  per  cent, 
as  much  shade-grown  as  last  year. 

J.  Alsop  is  the  only  grower  raising 
shade-grown  this  year.  He  has  set  four 
acres. 

Oliver  Thompson  and  P.  H.  Wood- 
ford, who  raised  shade-grown  last  year, 
are  raising  the  same  amount  of  un- 
shaded tobacco. 

There  will  be  about  sixty  acres  of 
tobacco  raised  in  the  town  this  year. 

Warehouse    Point 

Tobacco  planting  in  the  Warehouse 
Point  section  is  about  completed. 
Owing  to  the  cold  weather  in  the 
spring,  the  crop  is  very  backward. 

The  acreage  will  practically  be  about 
the  same  as  last  year  although  the 
proportion  of  Connecticut  seed  leaf  will 
be  much  greater  owing  to  the  greater 
demand  and  the  higher  price  paid  for 
this  variety.  Many  of  the  former 
Havana  growers  have  changed  their 
crops  to  seed  leaf.  The  total  area  to 
be  planted  to  tobacco  is  about  300 
acres. 

Conway,     Massachusetts 

Setting  tobacco  is  progressing 
rapidly.  The  warm  weather  has 
brought  the  plants  along  ver3-  well. 
No  cut-worms  at  present. 

Hockanunt 

Christian  Handel  will  again  raise 
shade-grown  this  year. 

The  growers  here  take  a  cheerful 
view  of  the  situation  and  believe  the 
season  will  be  a  good  one. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


THrougH  Transplanting 

Anti     Many     of    tKe     Growers     Have     Fin- 
isKed     TKe     First     Hoeing 


East  Hartford 

At  this  date.  Jnae  3.),  planting  of 
tobacco  uiK}-  be  said  to  be  jiractically 
finished.  In  fact  a  majority  of  the 
growers  finished  a  week  ago  and  some 
are  hoeing  the  second  time. 

The  season,  by  actual  record,  is  in 
advance  of  the  same  date  last  year,  as 
evidenced  by  the  advancement  of  cer- 
tain plants,  of  which  tobacco  is  one. 
Although  tliere  are  other  plants  in 
which  the  season  is  a  week  bel)ind, 
generally  speaking,  July  1  will  find  us 
ahead  of  the  same  date  in  1903. 

All  of  the  tobacco  in  this  section  is 
broadleaf,  and  although  judging  from 
certain  maiket  indications  this  is  the 
year  to  raise  Havana,  the  opposite  is 
true  as  regards  the  planting.  The 
writer, in  rather  extensive  lides  through 
the  tobacco  section  of  the  valley,  has 
not  seen,  in  the  many  hundreds  of 
acres,  he  has  viewed,  one  solitary  plant 
of  Havana.  Even  those  raising  it  last 
year  have  abandoned  it  and  gone  to 
broadleaf. 

The  acreage  will  remain  about  the 
same  except  for  such  increase  as 
naturally  occurs  in  a  growing  industry. 
Everybody  will  stxain  a  few  plants 
over  last  year,  but  really  there  is  not 
much  room  for  increase,  the  land  be- 
ing all  occupied  for  tobacco.  Many 
growers  in  this  section  have  not  even 
a  garden  and  buy  all  their  vegetables. 

It  is  a  subject  for  remark  that  never 
was  a  crop  started  so  finely  as  has  the 
1904,  in  spite  of  the  protracted  dry  and 
cold  weather  which  prevailed  in  the 
early  days  of  setting.  Although  it 
was  cloudy  and  damp  most  of  the 
time,  no  water  fell  and  the  conse- 
quence was  that  the  twenty  third  of 
June  dawned  upon  a  period  of  pro- 
tracted drouth  almost  unprecedented. 

The  old  .superstitious  idea  that  hand 
setting  is  better  than  machine  setting 
has  become  obsolete.  It  is  demon- 
strated that  the  latter  setting  live  and 
thrive  the  best,  although  perhaps  not 
quite  as  evenly,  set  The  increase  in 
the  number  of  machines  used  and  the 
naturally  diminishing  hand-setting 
process  has  necessarily  caused  the 
growers  to  favor  level  culture,  now  the 
almost  universal  practice.  Indeed, 
where  the  ridger  is  used  at  all,  the 
ridges  are  made  very  flat.  In  machine 
setting,  which  necessarily  involves 
level  culture,  the  plants  are  not  so 
likely  to  be  buried  by  a  heavy  shower 
as  hand  set  ones.  There  is  no  argu- 
ment of  any  consequence  in  favor  of 
any  other  method  than  level  culture 
that  the  growers  now  advocate.  The 
days  of  high  ridging  are  over. 

Worms  are  conspicuous  by  their  ab- 
sence this  year,  but  there  is  some  com- 
plaint of  calico.  Some  are  plowing  up 
and  resetting. 


Suffield 

The  farmers  have  finished  the  work 
of  setting  out  their  tobacco  and  in 
many  instances  the  fields  have  been 
given  the  first  hoeing.  The  crop  as  a 
whole  is  looking  first-class  and  if  rain 
comes  soon  the  crop  will  be  as  early  as 
last  year. 

The  acreage  as  compared  with 
former  years  will  not  vary  much,  the 
acreage  of  broadleaf  has  been  largely 
increased;  of  the  Havana  seed  about 
the  same  number  of  acres  will  be 
grown  as  last  vear. 

The  raising  of  a  croji  of  tobacco  has 
of  late  years  become  a  matter  of 
science.  What  with  the  different 
brands  of  fertilizers  and  the  use  of 
cotton  hull  ashes  and  the  use  of  modern 
machinery  in  all  lines  of  farm  work, 
it  has  become  necessary  for  the  aver- 
age farmet  to  invest  considerable  capi- 
tal in  these  most  important  factors  in 
his  biasiness.  Aside  from  the  use  of 
commercial  fertilizers  there  has  been 
an  increase  in  the  u.se  of  the  old 
fashioned  fertilizer  —  stable  manure. 
Between  fifty  and  sixty  car  loads  have 
been  received  here  this  season  while 
the  tonnage  of  commercial  fertilizers 
— cotton  seed  meal,  etc. — has  been 
fully  up  to  that  of  last  vear  and  the 
year  before,  and  the  farmers  hope  that 
with  plenty  of  hard  work  and  a  careful 
handling  of  the  season's  growth  they 
may  be  able  to  make  up  for  the  past 
two  or  more  poor  seasons.  The  amount 
of  capital  invested,  not  including  land 
is  not  far  from  |51)0,00l).  This  would 
include  buildings,  fertilizers  of  all 
kinds,  farming  tools  and  stock  and 
also  the  wages  of  farm  hands,  and  the 
cost  of  handling  the  crop  after  it  is 
harvested. 

South  Windsor 

The  acreage  of  tobacco  is  about  the 
same  as  last  year,  the  broadleaf  culti- 
vation being  more  extensive,  as  prices 
paid  the  farmers  for  this  leaf  were 
better  last  year  than  for  the  Havana 
seed.  Transplanting  was  about  a 
week  later  than  usual  this  spring. 

Westfield 

Most  of  the  tobacco  was  set  by  June 
10th.  and  the  3.5th  saw  it  restocked  and 
cultivated  the  first  time. 

Those  who  poisoned  the  worms 
feel  that  their  time  was  well  spent. 

The  fields  are  looking  well.  There 
is  about  the  same  acreage  as  last  year, 
including  fifty  acres  of  seed  leaf. 

No  sales  of  old  tobacco  during  the 
past  month. 

No  one  here  has  tried  the  level  cul- 
tivation fad  yet.  Perhaps  the  seed 
leaf  would  stand  np,  but  we  are  afraid 
the  Havana  seed  would  not. 

We  need  a  little  rain,  though  the 
warm  days  are  received   with  pleasure. 


Hinsdale 

Tobacco  is  all  set,  and  plants  are 
looking  well.  There  are  about  80 
acres  in  cultivation  and  the  plants  are 
looking  full  as  well  as  last  year  at 
this  time. 

A.  B.  Davis  &  Sou,  H.  H.  Day  and 
W.  Wellman  have  exceptionally  good 
field. s. 

There  are  but  two  crops  of  lflO;i  left 
unsold,  those  of  G.  M.  Wiight  and  L. 
F.  Liscom. 

For    Changing    Wrapper    Leaf 

A  pi'ocess  and  apparatus  for  chang- 
ing wrapper  leaf  and  cigars  already 
manufactured  to  the  gray  color,  so 
popular  in  the  German  market,  have 
been  patented  l)y  Herr  L.  Goedtler,  of 
the  .State  of  Baden,  Germany.  The 
method  is  declared  to  be  efficacious  on 
the  darkest  tol)accos,  and  costs  less 
than  twenty-five  cents  per  hundi'ed 
poxinds. 

Tobacco  Growing  in  Burma 

The  experiments  made  in  Burma 
during  the  year  ending  June  30,  190H, 
in  the  cirltivation  of  the  Havana  and 
Virginia  varieties  of  tobacco,  were  on 
the  whole  unsuccessful,  though  in 
most  cases  the  failure  was  due  to 
climatic  causes.  Some  sixty  pounds 
of  seed,  imported  by  the  provincial 
agricultural  department  were  dis- 
tributed between  fifteen  districts  of 
Lower  and  Upper  Burma. 

The  only  striking  success  was  in  the 
Thongwa  district,  where  Havana  seed 
was  not  only  successful,  but  its  culti- 
vation has  gone  beyond  tlie  experi- 
mental stage.  The  people  have  not 
been  slow  to  appreciate  the  new  intro- 
duction, with  the  result  that  a  large 
trade  in  Darubyn  cheroots  has  sprung 
up.  the  cheroot  being  prepared  from 
Havana  or  Virginia  leaf  thoroughly 
cured  and   well  rolled. 

Tobacco  in  Paraguay 

According  to  a  Consular  report  on 
the  trade  and  commerce  of  the  Re- 
public of  Paraguay,  considerable  efforts 
have  been  made  of  late  years  to  im- 
prove the  (juality  and  method  of  pre- 
paring Paraguayan  tobacco,  and  it 
woirld  seem  that  these  efforts  have  met 
with  a  certain  measure  of  succe.ss. 

The  principal  market  for  this  to- 
bacco is  Bremen,  where,  during  the 
year  under  review,  13,302  bales,  weigh- 
ing 1,1.59  tons,  were  sold  at  prices 
varying  from  five  to  six  cents  per 
pound. 

Attempts  are  being  made  to  intro- 
duce Paraguayan  tobacco  in  other 
European  markets,  and  the  French 
Government  has,  through  its  diplo- 
matic agent  in  Paraguay,  purchased 
two  consignments,  which  are  said  to 
have  been  found  satisfactory. 

The  cigars  manufactured  there  are 
not  made  with  sufficient  skill  to  com- 
mand a  sale  in  Europe;  but  the  tobacco 
is  sound  and  well-tasting.  That  there 
is  no  market  for  Paraguayan  tobacco 
in  England  is  partly  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  toljacco,  being  improperly 
dried,  arrives  in  Europe  in  a  moist 
condition,  and  subsequently  loses  its 
weight  in  keeping. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Bowker's  Tobacco  Fertilizers 


have  for  over  twenty  years  been  producing  the  best  and  finest 
crops  of  tobacco  in  the  Connecticut  Valley,  because  they  supply 
the  plant  food  that  is  best  for  tobacco,  and  plenty  of  it  to 
carry  the  crop  through  to   maturity. 


Mr.  B.  N.    Alderman,  East    Granby,    Conn.,   says  :    "  I    am   partial  to    the 
Bowker   Tobacco    Ash    Fertilizer    because   it    acts   very    quickly    and    also 
carries  the  crop  through." 
Another  thrower  writes  :   "The  Bowker  g'oods    also    show    the  second  year 

which  is  important  in  repeated  use  of  the  same  ground." 


BCS  W  fiP^'R      FERTILIZER.     COMPANY, 
^^      ▼▼      Xm.  JU<  XX.  RO.VTOV   a»^H    IV IT AV  YORK 


BOSTON  and   NE>V  YORK. 


220  StsLie  Street,     Hartford,  Conn. 


The  Acreage  in  1903 

Production     and     Value     of    Tobacco     Gro^vn 
in     United     States 


STATIHTICS  have  been  issued  by 
the  Department  of  Agriculture 
giving  the  acreage,  production  ard 
value  ot  tobacco  in  the  United  States 
in  lOOii.  Louisiana  had  the  smallest 
acreage  notwithstanding  the  attempts 
made  to  introduce  the  Cuban  leaf 
there,  only  ninety-one  acres  being 
planted  last  year.  Kentucky  heads  the 
li.-jt  with  838,::i04  acres  producing  367,- 
360,100  pounds,  valued  at  $1,650,1:^0. 
The  highest  yield  per  acre  was  in 
Vermont,  1,800  pounds,  and  the  small- 
est in  Alabama,  405  pounds.  The 
highest  value  per  potind  is  placed  on 
the  Florida  crop,  32  cents,  and  the 
lowest  on  the  South  Carolina  tobacco, 
5. 1  cents.  The  total  acreage  was 
1,037,735  acres,  producing  81Q,973,425 
pounds,  valued  at  155,514,637.  The 
table  is  as  follows; 


Acres 

New  Hampshire 132 

Vermont 180 

Massachusetts 4,093 

Connecticut 13.234 

New  York 7,061) 

Pennsylvania 15,887 

Maryland 33,059 


Av. 

At. 

yield 

farm 

per  acre 

price. 

Lbs, 

Cts. 

1,5011 

13.0 

i.siio 

12.0 

1,4110 

12.0 

I,(iOO 

1.S.5 

1.12S 

8.0 

1,410 

7.3 

050 

5.5 

Virg-inia ]02,3lK)  745  6.1 

North  Carolina 214,878  627  6.3 

South  Carolina 40,140  610  5.1 

C.eortria   2,030  640  IS.O 

Florida 3,726  700  32.0 

Alabama 620  405  10.0 

Mississippi 168  502  16.0 

Louisiana 89  375  20.0 

Te.vas 237  650  20.0 

Arkansas 1,222  646  12.0 

Tennessee 71,108  700  7.5 

West  Virginia 4,395  640  6.2 

Kentucky 338,304  790  6.2 

Ohio 60,431  845  7.2 

Michigan 305  750  8.0 

Indiana 7,096  783  6.2 

Illinois 1,298  655  6.1 

Wisconsin 51.812  1,350  6.8 

Missouri 2,012  008  0.0 

The  above  figures  indicate  that  to- 
bacco is  entitled  to  be  classed  among 
the  leading  agricultural  products  ot 
the  country,  for  the  value  of  last 
season's  crop  exceeded  155.500,000. 
They  also  demonstrate  that  the  United 
States  produces  more  of  the  leaf  than 
all  the  rest  of  the  outside  world.  The 
part  which  the  cigar  leaf  plays  in  the 
total  production  is  probably  less  than 
100.000  acres  out  of  a  total  of  more 
than  a  million  acres  devoted  to  the 
culture  of  tobacco,  or  one-tenth  of  the 
area.  The  statistics,  however,  go  to 
show  that  the  raising  of  cigar  leaf  is 
the  more   profitable    business,     as  the 


average  of  the  price  to  growers  is  con- 
siderably above  the  general  average  of 
6.8  cents  for  the  countrj'  at  large.  A 
singular  fact  is  shown,  however,  that 
the  price  of  Florida  averaging  33  cents 
is  about  two  cents  below  the  price  out- 
lined in  Amsterdam  for  Sumatra  to- 
bacco on  an  average  of  a  series  of 
years. 

Tobacco   in   Wisconsin 

In  writing  of  the  history  of  tobacco 
in  Wisconsin  a  writer  says:  ''Going 
back  thirty  years,  we  find  growers  of 
Wisconsin  raising  all  kinds  of  heavj- 
seed  leaf,  known  by  different  names — 
Valandingham  —  Pennsylvania  seed 
leaf,  Connecticut  broad  leaf.  Some- 
time about  1877  a  seed  was  introduced 
known  as  Spanish  tobacco,  which  was 
raised  as  an  experiment.  This  tobacco 
only  yielded  1,000  to  1,200  pounds  per 
acre,  while  the  coarser  leaf  grown 
yielded  as  high  as  2,400  pounds  per 
acre.  The  quality  of  the  Spanish  to- 
bacco was  evident,  and  soon  came  into 
repute,  as  bein'g  most  practical  and 
desirable  for  Wisconsin  growers.  One 
of  the  first  crops  grown  in  the  state 
was  shipped  East  by  Frank  Pyer,  of 
Fulton,  in  order  to  obtain  its  actual 
value.  Mr.  Pyer  leceived  in  return  a 
check  figured  at  the  rate  of  17  cents 
per  pound,  which  was  turned  over  to 
the  grower  in  full.  This  demonstrated 
the  practicality  of  growing  a  pure 
variety  of  tobacco. ' ' 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


TKe  1904  Domestic  Leaf 

A     First     of     Jiii»e     View     of     tHe     Acreage     by     De- 
partment    of    Agricultvire 


THE  statistician  of  the  Department 
of  Agriculture  at  Wasbiugton  has 
caused  to  be  prepared  an  exhaustive  re- 
view of  the  acreage  and  condition  of 
the  tobacco  crop,  by  special  types,  as 
observed  on  June  1  by  more  than  fifteen 
hundred  tobacco  correspondents,  whose 
reports  have  been  carefully  compiled 
by  Dr.  Holloway,  the  expert,  who  for 
several  years  has  had  charge  of  this 
particular  branch  of  the  department's 
statistics.  The  review  has  a  special 
value  in  that  it  presents  the  figures  by 
types,  or  fields,  rather  than  by  states, 
and  thus  enables  the  various  branches 
of  the  tobacco  trade  to  form  accurate 
estimates  of  the  acreage  and  condition 
of  the  particular  kind  of  leaf  in  which 
they  are  interested.  The  text  of  the 
report  is  as  follows; 

"The  regular  report  on  the  acreage 
and  condition  of  this  important  crop 
will  not  appear  until  July;  but  in  view 
of  peculiar  conditions  in  many  of  the 
principal  tobacco-producing  sections, 
it  is  deemed  advisable  to  present  a 
summary  of  such  information  as  is 
now  obtainable.  To  those  familiar 
with  the  subject,  the  difficulty  of  as- 
certaining the  probable  acreage  with 
accuracy  thus  early  in  the  season  will 
be  apparent;  hence  no  definite  com- 
parison with  the  acreage  planted  last 
year  is  undertaken. 

"The  situation  has  been  rendered 
more  than  ordinarily  obscure  by  the 
fact  that  in  practically  all  the  impor- 
tant tobacco  counties  the  season  has 
been  from  ten  days  to  two  weeks  late, 
and  weather  conditions  have  been  un- 
favorable for  the  growth  of  plants  in 
the  beds,  and  for  transplanting  them 
to  the  fields.  The  present  outlook, 
however,  may  be  greatly  modified  by 
future  developments. 

"Taking  a  general  view  of  the  whole 
country,  it  appears  that  the  tobacco 
acreage  in  the  Burley  district,  which 
embraces  certain  counties  of  Kentucky, 
Ohio,  Indiana  and  West  Virginia,  will 
be  considerably  larger  than  that 
planted  last  year.  The  good  prices 
received  for  last  year's  crop,  the  re- 
duced stocks  and  the  present  very  high 
prices  of  this  type  of  tobacco  are  as- 
signed as  the  chief  causes  for  the  in- 
crease. A  slight  increase  is  reported 
also  for  the  eastern  Ohio  counties  pro- 
ducing export  tobacco,  and  for  the 
limited  area  in  Virginia  producing  .sirn- 
cured  tobacco. 

"On  the  other  hand,  marked  reduc- 
tion of  acreage  is  reported  from  the 
following  sections:  The  cigar  tobacco 
sections  of  New  England,  New  York, 
Wisconsin,  and  the  snn-grown  tobacco 
area  of  (iadsden  County,  Fla.,  and 
Decatur  County,  Ga.,  and  the  dark  to- 
bacco counties  of  western  Kentucky, 
Tennessee  and  Virginia;  and  the  bright 
tobacco  counties  of  eastern  North  Caro- 


lina and  South  Carolina. 

"A  sligbt  decrease  in  acreage  is  re- 
ported for  Pennsvlvania  and  for  the 
bright  belt  of  Virginia. 

"The  low  prices  received  for  last 
year's  crop  by  the  producers  of  these 
types,  the  high  price  of  cotton,  scarcity 
of  labor  and  a  late  and  unfavorable 
season  are  the  principal  reasons  sug- 
gested for  the  decrease. 

"The  acreage  in  the  following  sec- 
tions is  reported  to  be  about  the  same 
as  that  planted  last  year;  The  Miami 
Valley  district  of  Ohio,  producing 
cigar  tobacco;  the  shade-grown  tobacco 
area  of  Florida  and  Georgia;  the  'Old 
Belt'  counties  in  North  Carolina; 
Maryland  and  the  limited  area  in  West 
Virginia,  producing  tobacco  of  the 
eastern  Ohio  export  type. 

"In  the  detailed  statement  which 
follows  the  tobacco-producing  areas  of 
the  United  States  have  been  arranged 
with  reference  to  the  type  of  tobacco 
produced  rather  than  according  to 
states,  in  the  hope  that  such  a  report 
will  be  of  greater  service  to  those  in- 
terested. 

I.       CIGAR   TYPES. 

"1.  New  England. — The  season  is 
at  least  two  weeks  late,  and  in  some 
sections  plants  are  reported  very  back- 
ward and  scarce,  and  cutworms 
troublesome.  In  New  Hampshire  and 
Vermont  the  reduction  from  last  year's 
acreage  will  be  .slight.  In  Franklin 
and  Hampden  counties,  Mass.,  tne 
acreage  will  be  about  the  same  as  last 
year,  while  in  Hampshire  County  it 
will  be  somewhat  less.  Moie  Connec- 
ticut broadleaf  is  being  planted  than 
for  several  years,  and  in  Hampshire 
County  alone  the  increase  in  the  area 
devoted  to  this  type  is  estimated  at 
1,000  acres  more  than  was  planted  last 
year. 

"From  Connecticut  reports  indicate 
that  the  acreage  will  be  reduced  10  per 
cent.  There  will  be  more  broadleaf 
planted  than  for  several  years  past. 
Plants  are  backward,  some  beds  having 
been  destroyed  by  late  frost,  and  very 
little  transplanting  has  been  done. 
There  is  no  scarcity  of  labor  in  this 
section. 

"2  New  York. — Reports  indicate 
that  the  acreage  will  not  exceed  three- 
fourths  of  that  planted  last  year.  The 
season  is  very  wet  and  backward. 
Transplanting  will  begin  June  l."). 
The  decrease,  said  to  be  due  to  the  low 
prices  of  recent  crops,  is  most  marked 
in  Wayne,  Steuben.  Cayuga,  and  Onon- 
daga counties. 

"H.  Pennsylvania. — Reports  indi- 
cate a  slight  decrease  in  acreage  for 
the  following  reasons:  The  season  is 
three  weeks  late,  and  hence  plants  are 
backward  and  scarce:  prices  for  previ- 
ous crops  have  been  low  ;  farmers  lack 
the  required  help,  and  a  larger  acreage 


will  be  planted  in  potatoes;  the 
development  of  the  canning  industry  is 
said  to  have  created  a  demand  at  pay- 
ing prices  for  large  quantities  of  corn, 
beans,  tomatoes  and  other  vegetables. 
Very  little  transplanting  has  been  done, 
and  this  only  with  forced  jilants.  The 
main  planting  will  be  done  with  the 
planter. 

"In  Lancaster  County,  which  pro- 
duces more  than  half  the  tobacco  of 
the  entire  state,  the  acreage  will  be 
about  10  per  cent,  less  than  that  of 
last  year,  owing  to  scarcity  of  labor. 
Plants  in  beds  are  doing  well,  but  have 
not  been  transplanted.  The  season  is 
at  least  two  weeks  late. 

"4.  Ohio  (Miami  Valley  District). 
— The  acreage  will  not  vary  greatly 
from  that  planted  last  year.  In  Mont- 
gomery and  Darke  counties,  which  to- 
gether produce  more  than  half  the 
cigar  tobacco  grown  in  the  state,  the 
acreage  is  estimated  at  100  per  cent,  of 
that  planted  last  year,  although  the 
season  is  two  or  three  weeks  late. 
Transplanting  has  not  yet  begun. 
Miami  and  Meicer  counties  report  a 
slight  increase,  while  a  decrease  vary- 
ing from  .'5  to  20  per  cent  is  reported 
for  Preble,  Shelby,  Warren  and  other 
less  important  counties.  The  causes 
assigned  for  the  decreases  reported  are 
low  prices,  unfavorable  season,  and  the 
large  proportion  of  the  1903  crop 
which  remains  unsold.  Owing  to  the 
late  season  plants  are  small,  and  in 
some  localities  are  said  to  be  infested 
with  fleas  and  not  doing  well. 

"5.  Wisconsin.— The  bulk  of  the 
tobacco  crop  of  Wisconsin,  like  that  of 
Pennsylvania,  is  produced  on  a  very 
limited  area,  only  six  counties  in  the 
state  reporting  more  than  .lOO  acres 
each.  Reports  from  these  counties  in- 
dicate a  marked  reduction  in  acreage. 
In  Dane  County  this  decrease  is  esti- 
mated at  a.")  to  30  per  cent.,  in  Craw- 
ford County,  about  30  per  cent.  :  in 
Columbia  County,  about  20  per  cent.  ; 
in  Rock  County,  about    23    per    cent.  ; 


APPARATUS  Of  all  kinds, 

of  large  or  small  capaciiy, 
Mounted&Portable  Outfits. 

Send  fi)<-  spi-cia!  Catalogue. 


PUMPS 


For  Fac- 
tories or 
Private 
Use. 

FAIRBANKS-MORSE 

Gasoline  Engines 

fniMi  i;.  tu  75  H.irsr  IN.wrr  for  -aW  M-rvii'cs. 

Special  Pumping  Engines. 

PULLEYS,  SHAFTING  AND  BELTING 

fi>i-  PuWi-r  Ei|iliimnMil  "f  Fac'tmies  ami  Mills. 

WINDMILLS,  TANKS 

AND  TOWERS, 

Pipe,  Fittings  and  Hose. 

In  wriliiif;  f"r  i'Mt>lo);nfl  please  spei-ify  wllich 
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We  ni.ake  a  siienialty  of  Water  Siipi'I.V  Out- 
flt.s  tor  Coiintiy  Estai 


CHARLES  J.  JAGER  COMPAN\ 

174  HICH  ST.,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


THE    BE5T    YET    MADE 


specially  Designed  for 

iractical 
Wer 

URPOSES 


The  Fairbanks 
Gasolene  Engine 

Is    the    most    powerful,    easiest    working    and     easicbt 
adjusted  engine  ever  made. 

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Every  pound  has  work  to  do.  These  important  features  are  the 
excuse  for  its  great  popularity.  Do  not  place  your  order  for  a 
gasolene  engine  until  you  have  seen  and  investigated  the  "Fair, 
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Can  be  seen  in  operation  at  the  above  address 


New  York,  N.  Y. 

Albany,  N.   Y. 
Philadelphia,  Pa. 


lialtiniore,  Md.  Buffalo,  N.  Y'. 

New  Orleans,  La.  Monlreal,  Que. 

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Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


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Vancouver,  B.  C. 

Toronto,  Ont. 


in  Vernon  County,  3h  per  cent.,  and  in 
Jefferson  County,  about  10  per  cent. 
The  weighted  average  for  the  whole 
state  show.s  a  probable  decrease  qE  35 
to  80  per  cent.  The  season  was  late 
and  cold,  plants  .small  and  b;'.ckward, 
and  transplanting  not  yet  begun.  The 
rauses  assigned  for  the  decrease  in 
acreage  are  low  prices  for  previous 
crop,  scarcity  of  labor,  and  the  unfav- 
orable season. 

"6.  Georgia  and  Florida. —Decatur 
County,  Ga.,  and  Gadsden  Ooimty, 
Fla.,  constitute  an  important  cigar-to- 
bacco district,  a  large  proportion  of 
the  crop  being  shade  grown  Sumatra, 
producing  excellent  wrappers.  Reports 
from  these  counties  indicate  an  acreage 
in  shade-grown  tobacco  practically  the 
same  as  that  planted  last  year,  while 
the  sun-grown  tobacco  will  he  reduced. ' ' 

Increase    of    Shade=Grown 

A  Florida  letter  reports  that  there 
will  probably  be  an  increase  of  20  per 
cent,  of  Sumatra  shade-grown  tobacco 
in  Florida.  There  may  be  some  reduc- 
tion in  the  amount  of  tobacco  grown 
in  the  open.  Prices  paid  for  tlie  lOOy 
crop  were  extremely  flattering  and  in 
every  way  satisfactory  both  to  dealers 
and  growers  There  has  not  been  a 
pound  in  the  hands  of  the  farmers 
since  October. 


Booming  Tobacco  in  Texas 

Soil     Found     to    be     Identical    WitH    That    in 

Cuba 


THE  counties  of  Nacogdoche.s,  An- 
gelina, Cherokee,  Augustine, 
Houston,  Trinity,  Walker,  Montgom- 
ery, Tyler,  Liberty,  Lee  and  Lavaca  in 
Texas,  all  have  within  their  boundaries 
what  is  known  as  the  orange  burg  or 
led  sandy  loam  soil,  suitable  for  raising 
the  finest  tobacco.  An  analysis  made 
by  the  government  found  it  to  be  iden- 
tical with  that  of  the  Vuelta  Aba.io 
district  of  Cuba.  This  soil  is  under- 
laid by  green  marl,  which  is  a  fine  fer- 
tilizer. Other  counties  than  these 
have  n3t  been  examined.  Thus  tobacco 
growing  is  confined  almost  entirely  to 
East  Texas. 

About  TOO  to  1,000  acres  have  been 
planted  to  tobacco  this  year.  The 
FIniida.  Havana  and  Sumatra  Com- 
pany, William  Tausiy.  president,  and 
the  Texas-Cnba  Company,  A.  Webb, 
president,  L.  H.  Shelter,  superintend- 
ent, are  putting  in  quite  extensive 
plants,  and  are  contracting  with  Na- 
cogdoches Company  farmers  to  take 
the  1904  crops  as  soon  as  stripped  at  15 
cents  per   pound.     The    Lavaca    Com- 


pany, F.  Simpson,  presi(ient,  Wm 
Balkeslee,  secretary,  and  C.  J.  Hurt- 
gins,  manager,  are  putting  in  extensive 
crops  in  Laxaca  county. 

The    Florida,  Havana    and    Sumatra 
Company  has  10  acres  under  shade  and 
about  50  acres  in  the  open.      The  Texas- 
Cuba    Toliacco  Company    has  40   acres 
under   shale    and  are   setting  out   and 
hoping  to    have    yoo  acres  in  the  open. 
The  Lavaca  Company  has  five  acres  un- 
der  shade  and    35    acres  in    the    open. 
Ana    there    will    be  from    500    to   800 
acres  in  the  open  planted  by  individual 
farmers  in  east    Texas.     Both    Havana 
and    Sumatra    will     be    raised     under 
shade.     All    the  open    field    tobacco  is 
form    Cuban    seed     furnished     by   the 
Southern  Pacific    railroad,   which   sent 
men    to  Cuba    especially    to   get    pure 
seed.      Both    the  wrapper  and  the  filler 
are    hard    to  distinguish  from  the  gen- 
uine Havana.      There  were  only  15,000 
pounds    raised    in    1903,  nearly    all    of 
which  was  bought   by  the  Florida,  Ha- 
vana and  Sumatra  Company.     This  to- 
bacco   was   raised     under   government 
supervision  and  cured  by  them. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


'^he  New  England 
Tobacco  Grower 


Published  monthly  by 
Tobacco    Grower  Publishing    Co. 

S3   Trumbull  street, 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Building 

Hartford,      Connecticut. 


Subscription,   One  Dollar  a  Year. 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy. 

Official  Journal  of  The  New  Eng^laiid 
Tobacco  Growers'  Association. 


PAUL      ACKERLY,     Editor. 


Vdlunie  V. 


Number  5. 


Entered  at  the  Hartford  P.ist-Office  as   Second 
Class  mail  matter. 


HARTFORD,    JULY,    1904. 

THE    YOUNG    MJiN 

1^*0RE  young  men  shoultl  atteiul 
the  meetings  of  the  New  Eng- 
land Tobacco  Growers'  Association. 
Their  presence  is  most  desiiable,  and 
if  they  are  to  carry  foiward  the  indus- 
try as  the  older  growers  earn  retire- 
ment, they  owe  it  to  themselves  and  to 
the  trade  to  affiliate  with  the  Associa- 
tion. 

The  work  that  is  being  done  by  the 
young  men  on  the  tobacco  farms  of 
New  -England  can  scarcely  b6  over- 
estimated. Engaged  in  an  industry 
which  calls  for  conservatism  and  care- 
fulness as  well  as  diligence  and  appre- 
ciation, they  must  necessarily  become 
equipped  with  a  learning  and  experi- 
ence out  of  the  ordinary,  and  having 
to  do  with  details  that  can  not  be 
taught  fi-om  books. 

So  it  is  on  the  farm  that  the  thous- 
and and  one  problems  must  be  thought 
out  and  fought  out,  but  co-operation 
in  The  New  England  Tobacco  Growers' 
Association  is  helpful,  and  it  can  be 
made  more  helpful  year  by  year. 


BJtRNS,    MOT   B/LL-SOJtRDS 

■IJEMEMBEK  that  tobacco  barns 
are  meant  for  curing  tobacco  and 
sheltering  implements  and  supplies, 
and  not  for  displaying  the  advertise- 
ments of  patent  medicines  or  laundry 
soaps. 

A  barn  is  part  ot  the  farm  landscape; 
if  it  is  worthy  and  dignified  and  with- 
out  reproach    to    be    a    farmei,    one's 


buildings  are  worthy  of  being   devoted 
to  the  one  purpose  of  farming. 

The  clothier  would  think  it  stiaiige 
if  a  tobacco  grower  offered  him  a  few 
dollais  a  year  for  the  privilege  of  paint- 
ing leaf  tobacco  advertisements  in 
green  and  yellow  on  the  side  of  the 
store  building. 


Farm  help  seems  this  year  to  be 
steadier  as  to  work  and  greater  as  to 
supply  than  last  year,  but  the  lateness 
of  the  Spring  meant  rushing  for  both 
men  and  teams,  antl  every  year,  may- 
hap, strikes  the  average  of  labor  supply 
and  timeliness  of  work. 


Shingle  Roofs 

At  the  St.  Louis  Exposition  I  notice 
many  different  appliances  antl 
materials  for  building  purposes,  yet 
how  few  changes  have  really  been  in- 
troduced into  construction,  and  how 
strongly  does  the  shingle  roof  hold  its 
place  after  so  many  trials  of  other 
methods. 

Few  farm  buildings  in  New  Eng- 
land are  covered  otherwise  than  with 
shingles,  and  it  is  rarely  that  a  tobacco 
barn  is  seen  that  is  not  built  in  the 
regulation  way  with  shingle  roof.  J. 
W.  Upson  built  several  large  sheds  at 
Bloomfield,  with  substantially  fiat 
roofs,  and  scatteretl  in  the  tobacco 
towns  there  are  others  built  in  this 
style.  1  wish  that  tobacco  growers 
who  have  had  experience  with  the  flat 
roofed  ehetl  woultl  write  their  views 
to  The  New  England  Tobacco  Grower, 
— as  to  the  cost  of  tin  or  other  roofing, 
compared  with  shingles,  durability  of 
roof  and  convenience  as  to  hanging 
space.  Windsor. 

In  the  Sheds 

Find  time  this  summer  to  look  aftei 
the  tobacco  sheds.  There  may  be 
doors  to  mend,  poles  to  replace,  roofs 
to  look  after.  Above  all,  attend  to  the 
floors;  clean  out  the  rtibbish  and  draw 
in  fresh  sand,  so  that  your  tobacco 
will  not  have  to  cure  in  a  sour,  must}" 
place. 

>See  that  the  drainage  about  the 
sheds  is  in  good  shape.  There  is  no 
sense  in  having  roof  water  run  into  a 
shed  when  a  little  trench  digging 
would  prevent  it.  .J.  T. 

Sumatra    Inscription 

At  the  -Sumatra  inscTiption  at 
Amsterdam  on  June  ■^,  E.  Rosenwaltl 
&  Bro.  were  among  the  largest  buyers, 
having  secured  about  1,000  bales,  in- 
cluding (Kit)  bales  in  two  running  lots 
of  Deli  My  H.,  100  bales  of  N,  A.  T. 
M.  S.,  100  bales  of  Lankat  Tab.  My. 
V.  D.  P.,  antl  smaller  lots  of  Senembah 
My  K.  and  U    S.  Deli. 

Hinsdale  Smith  &  Co.  bought  100 
bales  Deli  Matty  D.  Lankat  and  Deil 
Ba   My  TH. 

S.  Rossin  &  Sons  secured  13.5  bales, 
a  part  of  which  consists  of   N.  S.  Deli. 


MEETING  JtT  JtMHERST 

The  annual  summer  field  meeting  of 
the  Alassachiisetts  state  board  of  agri- 
culture was  held  June  16  at  the  Massa- 
chusetts agricultural  college  at  Am- 
herst. J.  L.  Ellsworth  of  Worcester, 
secretary  of  the  board,  was  in  charge 
of  the  program.  Members  of  granges 
from  all  over  the  state  were  present. 

Members  of  the  cattle  owners'  asso- 
ciation, the  fruit  growers'  association 
and  of  the  creamery  association  were 
present.  Altogether  there  was  an  at- 
tendance of  over  .500,  and  in  the  after- 
noon, during  the  speaking,  the  chapel 
was  filled  to  its  full  capacity.  At  8:80 
in  the  morning  Dr.  H.  T.  Fernald  gave 
a  demonstration  of  the  preparing  and 
applying  of  a  wash  to  destroy  the  San 
Jose  scale,  antl  also  the  fumigation  of 
a  tree  for  the  same  purpose.  At  9;30 
Prof.  F.  A.  Waugh  gave  an  explana- 
tion and  demonstration  of  the  Bord- 
eaux mixture  applying  to  foliage  to 
save  fruits  and  vegetables  from  fung- 
ous diseases.  At  1  Prof.  W.  P.  Brooks 
exhibited  the  separators  at  the  dairy 
school  and  tlemonstrated  the  Babcock 
test  and  the  working  of  the  latest 
model  of  Farrington's  Pasteurizer.  At 
noon  dinner  was  served  at  Draper  hall. 

Dr.  George  M.  Twitchell  of  Augusta, 
Me.,  editor  of  the  Maine  Farmer, 
spoke  at  1:30  on  "Harness  Your 
Forces."  Dr.  Twitchell  spoke  in  brief 
as  follows:  Harness  your  forces  is 
what  it  must  be,  not  what  it  is  at 
present.  This  is  a  periotl  of  great 
developments  antl  in  the  next  3.5  years 
great  changes  will  be  brought  about  in 
agricultural  industry.  The  farmers 
should  make  an  effort  to  face  the  great 
oppuitunities  now  open  to  them.  Some 
of  the  Boston  ministers  have  recently 
been  speaking  of  the  country  towns  be- 
coming demoralizetl,  wliile  the  oppo- 
site is  really  the  case.  After  the  meet- 
ing those  present  scattered  over  the 
grounds,  visiting  the  bain,  experiment 
stations  and  the  plant-house. 

Cigar  Smuggling  at  Charleston 

Thousands  of  Havana  cigars  are  be- 
ing smuggled  into  Charleston,  South 
Carolina,  if  reports  of  the  government 
authorities  are  true,  and  cases  have 
been  made  out  against  a  number  of 
dealeis  and  consumers  for  handling 
and  smoking  smuggled  goods. 

For  the  past  several  weeks  Special 
Agert  Magatee,  of  the  treasury  depart- 
ment, has  been  in  that  city,  and  it  is 
said  that  he  secured  positive  proof  that 
from  forty  to  fifty  thousand  cigars 
have  been  smuggled  into  Charleston 
during  the  past  few  weeks,  represent- 
ing a  loss  to  the  government  of  from 
$3,000  to  .t8,000  duty.  Unless  the 
duty  is  paid  by  the  dealers  and  citizens 
cases  will  be  made  out  against  them  in 
the  United  States  court. 

The  gt)vernment  officials  have  secured 
a  lot  of  the  jiarties  who  have  been 
handling  the  smuggled  cigars.  The 
list  contains  the  names  of  prominent 
firms,  citizens  and  clubs.  It  is  under- 
stt)od  that  quite  a  number  of  citizens 
will  have  to  pay  at  least  $300  duty  on 
the  cigars  to  escape  prosecution. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco  Cultivation 

Metliods     Employed     in     Grooving     tKe     Leaf 
in     India 


"I"  ETTER  from  H.  Caine,  Esq.,  As- 
J-^  sistant  Manager,  Poosa  Tobacco 
Paruis.  Tirhoot,  to  the  Superintendent 
of  Andauians  and  Nicobars,  dated  Cth 
October,  1885: 

I  have  been  requested  by  the  Secre- 
tary of  Revenue  and  Agricultural  De- 
partment of  India  to  send  you  full  in- 
structions as  to  the  method  employed 
here  for  cultivating,  preparing  soil, 
sowing,  planting  and  treatment  while 
growing  of  tobacco.  I  shall  endeavor 
to  do  so  in  as  clear  and  concise  a 
ulanner  as  possible,  and  hope  you  will 
have  no  difficulty  in  following  out  the 
instructions. 

Preparation  of  Soil.  — Tobacco  land 
should  be  well-drained  upland  which 
has  lain  fallow  some  time,  or  that  has 
had  some  light  crop  in  it ;  this  land 
should  be  well  manured  with  well- 
rotted  manure.  We  plough  our  lands 
twice  monthly.  Just  before  the  time 
for  transplanting  the  soil  is  ploughed 
up  and  well  pulverized  by  a  henger  or 
beam  of  wood  drawn  by  bullocks  over 
the  upturned  soil,  so  as  to  bend  it  and 
to  break  any  lumps  of  earth.  The  soil 
should  be  sufficiently  dry  for  this  pur- 
pose so  as  not  to  cake  and  harden. 

Seed-bed.?. — These  should  be  made 
up  in  a  suitable  situation,  that  is, 
protected  from  the  hot  afternoon  sun, 
having  some  building  or  grove  of  trees 
on  the  west  side.  The  seed-beds  should 
be  raised  some  six  inches  off  the  ground 
and  have  trenches  dug  all  around  so  as 
to  carry  off  any  superfluous  tuoisture, 
the  beds  should  be  well  worked  with  a 
kodalie,  and  good,  rotted  manure  well 
worked  in.  After  pulverizing  the  soil 
and  levelling  it,  pick  off  any  stone  or 
other  rubbish  and  it  will  be  ready  for 
sowing  the  seed.  The  size  of  the  beds 
should  be  about  4  feet  x  15  feet;  this 
is  more  convenient  than  square  beds, 
as  it  enables  the  plants  to  be  attended 
to  without  risk  of  destroying  them  by 
trampling  on  them. 

Sowing  the  Seed. — The  seed  is  sown 
broadcast  with  the  band,  mixed  with 
some  sand  or  ashes  so  as  to  sow  evenly ; 
care  should  be  taken  not  to  sow  too 
thickly.  About  one  chittak  of  seed 
ought  to  be  found  sufficient  for  one  of 
these  beds  which  would  furnish  enough 
plant  for  one  beggah  of  land.  After 
having  sown  and  if  there  is  a  hot  sun, 
it  would  be  advisable  to  cover  the  beds 
with  light  mats.  The  seed  should 
germinate  in  7  or  10  days  at  least. 
American  seed  does;  Sumatra  takes 
much  longer.  The  plants  may  require 
watering,  which  should  be  done  with  a 
watering  can  with  a  rose,  when  the 
plants  are  well  up  and  large.  Only 
water  seed-beds  in  the  evening.  As 
soon  as  the  seedlings  have  leaves  of 
the  size  of  a  penny,  they  are  capable  of 
bearing  transplanting.  Before  taking 
up  the   seedling    to    transplant,    water 


the  beds  well  an  hour  beforehand;  tliis 
is  done  to  loosen  the  earth  about  the 
roots  so  that  the  plants  may  be  taken 
up  without  injury.  To  take  up  the 
seedlings  they  should  be  seized  by  the 
underside  of  .the  two  laigest  leaves  by 
the  finger  and  thumb,  having  one  leaf 
on  each  side,  not  by  the  stem,  then 
l)ull  up  gently,  taking  care  not  to  break 
the  leaves.  They  may  be  placed  in  an 
open  basket.  When  the  basket  is  full, 
it  should  be  covered  with  a  cloth  if  the 
sun  is  hot  and  the  seedlings  .slightly 
sprinkled  with  water  and  then  carried 
off  to  transplant.  The  seedlings  are 
planted  out  in  rows  3  feet  x  3  feet 
apart,  for  which  purpose  a  knotted 
cord  is  used,  the  knots  being  three  feet 
apart.  This  cord  is  drawn  by  two 
men,  one  at  each  end.  Across  the  field 
or  portion  of  the  field  at  a  distance  of 
two  feet  from  the  outer  edge, the  cord  is 
drawn  out  and  then  trampled  upon  by 
coolies.  The  knots  leave  an  impres- 
sion in  the  soil  where  the  seedlings 
have  to  be  planted.  The  cord  is  then 
raised  and  put  down  again  at  another 
distance  of  tv^  o  feet  from  the  first  and  so 
on  till  sufficient  land  has  been  marked 
off.  This  work  can  be  done  during 
the  day  and  the  transplanting  in  the 
evening. 

Transplantin  g. — Transplanting 
should  be  done  in  the  evening  if  there 
is  any  sun ;  in  cloudy  weather  it  can 
be  done  all  the  day  long.  Rainy 
weather  is  most  suitable  as  it  dispenses 
with  watei'ing  and  the  plants  settle 
better.  A  boy  takes  a  basket  of  seed- 
lings and  walks  up  the  row,  dropping 
a  plant  here  and  there  where  the  marks 
have  been  made;  he  is  followed  by  a 
man  who  makes  a  hole  with  a  kurpie 
into  which  he  places  a  seedling  and 
then  presses  the  soil  around  the  roots 
firmly  with  his  fingers  and  then  goes 
on  with  the  rest.  As  transplanting 
can  hardly  be  done  here  without  water- 
ing, a  boy  carrying  a  can  without  a 
rose  follows  the  man  who  is  transplant- 
ing and  waters  each  plant  he  comes 
across;  but,  as  I  mentioned  above,  if 
the  transplanting  could  be  done  in 
rainj'  weather,  the  watering  would  be 
unnecessary.  When  growing  the  young 
plants  require  some  attention.  After 
the  plants  have  been  planted  about  a 
week  or  so,  weather  permitting,  it  is 
advisable  to  loo.sen  and  open  the  soil 
around  them  with  a  kurpie  and  also  to 
eradicate  weeds  which  may  appear. 
Later  on  a  kodalie  may  be  used  to 
work  the  earth  between  the  rows.  As 
soon  as  the  plants  have  made  growth 
and  begin  to  throw  out  flower  or  seed- 
heads,  which  will  take  place  in  about 
eight  weeks  or  so,  the)'  should  be 
topped,  viz.,  the  flower  heads  should 
be  broken  off  before  they  flower  in  this 
way.  The  stem  on  which  the  head 
was  found  should   be  seized  about    two 


to  three  feet  from  the  ground  and 
snap])ed  clean  off  by  the  hand  or 
fingers.  This  topping  will  cause  the 
plant  to  throw  out  heavy  leaves.  The 
higher  up  the  stem  is  broken  off,  so 
will  the  leaves  of  the  plant  become 
thinner  and  smaller.  Wo  generally 
leave  about  ten  to  twelve  leaves  to 
each  jilant.  After  topping,  numerous 
suckers  and  off  shoots  will  sjiring  up; 
the.se  should  be  promptly  brokwn  oft'  as 
soon  as  they  appear,  as  they  take  a  lot 
of  nourishment  from  the  plant.  The 
plant  ripens  in  about  three  months. 
We  cut  here  in  January,  and  none  but 
ripe  i)lants  should  be  cut. 

How  to  cut  ripe  plants  :— A  tobacco 
plant  IS  known  to  be  ripe  if  the  leaf 
cracks  when  taken  between  finger  or 
thumb  and  pressed,  and  also  when  the 
leaves  present  a  swollen  appearance 
and  have  a  heavy  look.  The  stem 
when  cut  is  full  of  sap,  very  thin  rind 
on  edge,  the  leaves  are  carved  over 
and  look  mottled,  the  ribs  of  the  plant 
get  brittle  and  are  easily  broken  off; 
when  fully  ripe,  the  plant  is  cut  at 
one  stroke  clo.se  to  the  ground.  The 
best  instrument  to  cut  the  plant  is 
with  a  kurpie.  When  cut,  the  plant 
is  allowed  to  hang  over  on  its  side 
and  wilt  or  droop  in  the  sun.  This 
wilting  takes  from  one  to  two  hours 
according  to  the  strength  of  the  sun. 
When  sufficiently  wilted  (which  is 
known  when  the  plants  look  drooping 
and  the  ribs  can  be  bent  slightly  with- 
out breaking),  the  plants  are  placed  in 
a  cart  and  taken  oft  to  the  curing- 
house. 


New  England  Tobacco 
Growers'    Association. 

President 
EDMUND  HJlLLJtDJIY,  Saffield,  Conn. 

Vice-President 

THJtDDEUS  GRAVES,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

Secretary  and  Treasurer 

PJtVL  JtCKEK-l-T,  Rockville,   Conn. 

Office 

S3    Trumbull    Street,    Hartford,    Conn. 


Directors. 

Wm.  F.  Andross,  South  Windsor,  Oonn. 
Joseph  H.  Pierce,  Enfield,  Conn. 
M.  W.  Frisbie,   Southington,  Oonn. 
William  S.  Pinney,  Suffield,  Oonn. 
H.  W.  Alford,   Poquonock,  Conn. 
Colonel  E.  N.  Phelps,    Windsor,  Oonn. 
B.  M.  Warner,    Hatfield,   Mass. 
F.  K.  Porter,  Hatfield,  Mass. 
Albert  Hurd,  North  Hadley,  Mass. 
J.  0.  Carl,  Hatfield,  Mass. 
0.  M.  Hubbard,  Sunderland,  Mass. 
W.  H.  Porter,   Agawam,   Mass.   ■" 
Liyman  A.  Crafts,  East  Whately,  Mass. 
James  S   Forbes,  Buinside,  Conn. 
George  O.  Eno,   Simsbury,  Conn. 
W.  E.  Burbank,  Suffield.  Conn. 
E.  O.  Hills,  South  wick,  Mass. 
James  Morgan,   Hartford,  Oonn. 
H.  Austin,  Suffield,   Conn. 
Charles  H.  Ashley,  Deerfield,  Mass 
H.  S.  Frye,  Poquonock,  Oonn. 


to 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER  ^ 


Cuban  Parcels  Post 

Ho'W     it     Operates     in     tKe     Importation     of    Leaf 
Tobacco     and     Cigars 


THE  parcels  post  arrangement  witli 
Cuba  has  now  been  in  effect  long 
enough  to  enable  the  postal  anil  treas- 
urj'  officials  to  judge  of  the  volume  of 
business  in  leaf  tobacco  likely  to  be 
carried  on  through  this  channel.  The 
Tobacco  Leaf  states  that  while  the  im- 
portations through  the  mails  have  not 
constituted  anv  considerable  propoi- 
tion  of  the  trade  in  Cuban  leaf  tobacco, 
they  have  nevertheless  steadily  in- 
creased in  amount,  and  the  treasury 
officials  have  found  it  necessaiy  to 
adopt  careful  methods,  not  onlv  for  the 
collection  of  duty,  but  also  for  the 
-tracing  of  all  leaf  thus  imported,  in 
order  to  prevent  fi-auds  upon  the  reve- 
nue on  the  part  of  cigar  manufacturers, 
who  might  otherwise  be  enabled  to 
secure  considerable  quantities  of  leaf 
tobacco  for  which  they  would  not  be 
obliged  to  account  in  making  their  re- 
turns to  the  Internal  Revenue  Bureau. 

It  is  an  interesting  fact  that  practi- 
cally every  pound  of  leaf  tobacco  im- 
jiorted  from  Cuba  through  the  mails 
has  been  invoiced  as  filler.  It  has  been 
imported  in  packages  weighing  from  a 
pound  to  four  pounds  each,  and  in 
some  cases  single  importers  have 
brought  in  a  dozen  or  more  packages  at 
a  time.  Under  the  rules  now  in  force 
the  postal  officials  turn  over  to  the 
collectors  of  customs  at  the  e.xchange 
offices  all  such  importations,  and  the 
collectors  thereupon  make  out  special 
reports  describing  the  tobacco  and  for- 
ward them  to  the  Commissioner  of  In- 
ternal Revenue.  While  the  leaf  to- 
bacco is  not  subject  to  internal  revenue 
tax,  the  commissioner  desires  to  ascer- 
tain its  destination,  and  in  all  cases 
copies  of  these  reports  are  forwarded 
by  him  to  the  local  internal  revenue 
office  at  the  place  to  which  the  goods 
are  consigned,  with  instructions  to 
ascertain  what  becomes  of  the  tobacco. 
If  imported  by  a  cigar  manufacturer  or 
Dy  a  leaf  dealer,  the  revenue  officer's 
duty  is  to  see  that  such  leaf  is  promptly 
taken  up  on  th=  revenue  records  in  the 
same  manner  as  if  purchased  in  this 
country.  In  this  way  the  government 
guards  against  the  use  of  such  leaf  in 
the  manufacture  of  cigars  to  be  placed 
on  the  market  without  the  payment  of 
the  internal  revenue  tax. 

In  connection  with  these  parcels  post 
importations  of  Cuban  leaf  tobacco, 
the  Internal  Revenue  Bureau  has  de- 
cided to  apply  the  piovisions  of  section 
69  of  the  Act  of  August  2S,  1894,  to 
all  persons  bringing  in  tobacco.  This 
section  provides  that  "every  person 
shall  also  be  regarded  as  a  manufac- 
turer of  tobacco,  whose  business  it  is  to 
sell  leaf  tobacco  in  quantities  less  than 
a  hogshead,  case  or  bale;  or  who  sells 
directly  to  consumers  or  to  persons 
other  than  duly  registered  dealers  in 
leaf   tobacco,  or  duly  registered  manu- 


facturers of  tobacco,  snuflf,  or  cigars, 
or  to  persons  who  purchase  in  packages 
for  export;  and  all  tobacco  so  sold  by 
such  persons  shall  be  regarded  as  man- 
ufactured tobacco,  and  .sucli  manufac- 
tured tobacco  shall  be  put  up  and  pre- 
pared by  such  manufacturer  in  such 
packages  only  as  the  Commissioner  of 
Internal  Revenue,  with  the  approval 
of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  shall 
prescribe.  ' 

In  applying  this  statute,  the  com- 
missioner holds  that  importations 
through  the  mails  of  leaf  tobacco  can 
only  be  made  by  persons  who  consume 
the  leaf  themselves,  or  by  regularly 
qualified  leaf  dealers  or  manufacturers. 
No  one,  not  a  registered  dealer  or 
manufacturer,  can  sell  leaf  so  imported 
without  becoming  liable  to  payment  of 
the  tax  thereon  at  the  regular  internal 
revenue  rate  of  six  cents  per  pound 
a.ssessed  on  manufactured  tobacco. 

Although  it  is  unlawful  to  import 
cigars  and  cigarettes  from  Havana 
through  the  parcels  post,  nevertheless 
the  treasury  department  is  almost 
daily  called  upon  to  rule  on  violations 
of  the  regulations  in  this  regard. 
Cigars  and  cigarettes  are  not  prohibited 
specifically  from  importation  through 
the  mails;  but  as  the  law  provides  that 
they  shall  be  imported  in  certain  quan- 
tities only,  which  quantities  are  in  ex- 
cess of  the  weight  limit  of  the  parcels 
post  airangement,  it  follows  that  all 
such  importations  are  illegal.  In  the 
ma.iority  of  cases,  the  customs  officials 
content  themselves  with  a  nominal 
seizure  of  the  goods,  which  are  released 
upon  the  payment  of  a  fine  equal  to 
the  duty  and  the  internal  revenue  tax, 
which  practically  amounts  to  permit- 
ting importation  upon  the  same  condi- 
tions that  prevail  as  to  shipments 
through  tlie  regular  customs  channels. 

Where  the  department  has  a  reason 
to  believe  that  the  importers  have 
knowingly  violated  the  law,  however, 
the  provisions  of  the  statutes  relating 
to  smuggling  are  invoked,  and  the 
goods  are  seized  and  held  until  pay- 
ment is  made  by  the  importer  of  the 
appraised  value  thereof,  namely,  the 
foreign  market  value  with  the  duty 
added.  In  such  cases  the  owners  of 
the  goods  are  obliged  to  pay  the  cost 
of  the  goods  the  second  time  besides 
the  duty,  and  this  method  of  correct- 
ing the  abuse  appears  to  operate  in  a 
very  salutary  manner. 

Crop  Transfer 

A  query  is  presented  to  the  Com- 
missioner as  follows:  "A  tenant  was 
to  have  a  part  of  the  tobacco  crop  for 
his  share,  but  afterwards  the  owner  of 
the  land  concluded  to  buy  the  tenant's 
tobacco.  It  was  in  effect  a  contract 
for  wages  instead  of  part  of  the  crop." 
The   applicant  desires    to  be   informed 


whether  or  not  a  farmer  who  thus 
acquires  leaf  tobacco' of  his  tenant  can 
go  out  and  retail  it  to  consumers.  The 
Commissioner  held  that  under  the  con- 
ditions above  specified  ftie  farmer  him- 
self who  owns  the  laud  and  buys  the 
tobacco  of  his  tenant  as  an  offset  for 
wages,  would  be  entitled  to  sell  the 
same  without  restriction  in  its  natural 
condition  at  retail  or  in  bulk  without 
the  payment  of  taxes 


Safe  Ste.am    Engine 

MNNO  UN  CEMENT 


WE  have  just  placed  on  sale  in 
the  new  store  of  E.  U.  Dens- 
luw.  218  State  Street,  Hartford, 
Conn.,  a  full  line  of  up-to-date 
farm  machinery.  We  make  a  spe- 
cialty of  Steam,  Gas  and  Gaso- 
lene Eng-ines.  and  every  courtesy 
will  be  extended  by  Mr.  Denslow 
to  those  who  are  looking-  for  any- 
thing- in  this  liiu'. 

THE     B.    L.     BR.AGG     CO. 
tSpring^field,  MassacHtisetts 


Joseph  h,Kin& 

PHESlOENT, 

Iui^Sau.  803  Main' Street. 


William  J  Dixon.  | 
Casmieb. 

HAHTFORa J 


IN  THE  HEART 
OF  THE  CITY 

The  central  location  of  this 
Bank  makes  it  convenient  for 
city  or  out-of-town  depositors. 

All  street  cars  pass  City  Hall 
and  the  American  Bank  is  di- 
rectly opposite. 

We  offer  depositors  every 
facility  which  their  accounts, 
business  and  credit  warrant. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


II 


E.ssex  vSpecial  Tobacco 


Maiwire 
and 

Tobacco 
Starter 


LTHOUGH  the  prices  of  chemicals  have  ad- 
J /\  11  vanced  very  much  during  the  past  season,  we 
guarantee  to  keep  the  analyses  of  all  the  high- 
grade  Essex  Specials  fully  up  to  the  high  stand- 
ard of  preceding  years. CThe  Growers  that  use  our  to- 
bacco goods  are  among  the  most  successful  raisers  in 
the  Valley,  getting  good  weight  and  a  large  percentage 
of  light  goods  in  all  seasons.  CBuy  our  Tobacco 
Starter  for  your  seed-beds,  your  plants  will  be  from  ten 
days  to  two  weeks  earlier  than  those  grown  on  any  other 
formula.  CSend  for  our  1904  Catalogue. 


RUvS^IA  CEMENT  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS      j£/    jz/    ^     ^    £/    £>^ 

GLOUCESTER,  ^'MASS. 


E.    B.  KIBBE:,    General   Agent,    Box   752,  Hartford,  Conn. 


Leaf  Trade  CKanges 

Buyins     Direct     Noav     a     Feature     of    the     Cigar 
Leaf    Industry 


TALKING  with  the  .senior  partner 
of  one  of  the  oldest  leaf  houses  in 
this  city  last  week,  he  said  with  a 
sigh: 

"It  is  really  surprising  how  during 
the  last  ten  or  fifteen  years  the  leaf 
business  has  changed.  I  remember  the 
time  when  I  used  to  take  a  little  trip 
and  call  first  at  South  Norwalk,  where 
I  woulil  .sell  a  bale  or  two  of  Havana 
over  a  few  minutes'  friendly  chat;  and 
then,  on  taking  in  New  Haven  and 
Hartford,  come  back  home  after  a 
pleasant  jaunt  with  little  competition, 
and  every  customer  an  affable  friend; 
and  on  my  return  I  could  figure  up  a 
really  handsome  sum  as  my  profits. 

"You  see,  those  days  we  thought 
nothing  of  maKing  a  profit  of  |40()  or 
so  a  bale. 

"How  ridicuously  different  now! 
Why,  the  competition  is  really  tierce, 
and  the  margins  of  profit  are  fast  be- 
coming nominal  only. 

"But  the  most  galling  condition  tliat 
gets  nest  to  me  of  late  is  to  have  my 
formerly  best  old  customers  continu- 
ally dropping  in  on  me  from  their  big 
factories  in  Chicago,  Milwaukee  and 
other  cities.  They  come  into  my 
office,  shake  hands  cordially,  take   one 


of  my  smokes,  drop  into  a  chair,  and 
start  in  this  way:  'Just  called  in  for 
the  sake  of  old  acquaintance  to  see 
how  you  were,  old  man.  I've  only 
two  hours  to  spare  before  the  Ward 
line  steamer  leaves,  and  I  thought  I'd 
see  what  you  knew  of  the  new  Cubau 
crop  before  I  leave  for  Havana. ' 

"And  I  am  expected  to  blow  them 
otf  to  lunch  and  drinks,  and  then  see 
them  off  on  the  steamer,  and  wish 
them  a  pleasant  and  profitable  trip  in 
taking  away  my  business  by  buying 
perhaps  400  or  500  bales  in  the  Cuban 
capital  that  they  used  to  get  from  me 
in  those  good  old  times. 

"The  tobacco  broker  has  disappeai'ed 
into  ancient  history,  and  I  venture  to 
predict  that  before  the  middle  of  this 
century  the  leaf  dealer  also  will  vanish, 
to  give  jilace  to  commission  merchants 
in  the  ports  where  the  leaf  is  grown 
who  will  purchase  and  ship  direct  from 
the  country  of  origin  to  the  order  of 
the  cigar  factory  management.  Then 
Water,  Pearl  and  Fiont  streets  will 
lose  their  present  pungent  nicotian 
odors,  and  great  office  skyscrapers  will 
displace  the  two  and  three-story  leaf 
merchants'  warehouses. 

"Ah  mel" — Tobacco  Leaf. 


Dutch  Imports  and  Exports 

The  Bureau  of  Statistics  of  the  De- 
partment of  Commence  and  Labor,  at 
Washington,  has  received  the  Dutch 
statistics  on  the  importation,  con.'ump- 
tion  and  exportation  of  tobacco  for 
190;l  The  total  impoitations  of  tobacco 
and  cigars  amounted  to  164,136,088 
pounds,  of  which  81,048,513  pounds 
were  landed  at  Amsterdam  and  83,077,- 
.'576  pounds  at  Rotterdam.  America 
furnished  38,484,446  pounds  and 
the  Dutch  East  Indies  81,886,346 
pounds.  For  domestic  consumption 
there  was  imported  American  leaf  to 
the  amount  of  30,893,332  pounds,  a 
slight  increase  over  the  amount  in 
1902,  which  was  19,117,496;  of  this 
7,470, lo3  pounds  came  by  way  of  Am- 
sterdam and  10,261,824  by  Rotterdam. 
Imports  of  European  tobacco 
amounted  to  7,810,716  pounds,  of 
which  all  but  39,672  pounds  came  from 
Prussia.  Java  supplied  1.5,026,873 
pounds  for  domestic  consumption 
against  12,723,692  pounds  in  1902:  of 
which  8,644,088  pounds  came  through 
Amsterdam  and  5,953,004  pounds 
through  Rotterdam.  All  other  coun- 
tries supplied  11,535,736  pounds  in 
1903  against  11,793,604  pounds  in 
1902. 

The  total  exports  amounted  to  140,- 
789,316  pounds,  of  which  76,888,744 
pounds  were  exported  from  Amster- 
dam and  51,569,193  pounds  from  Rot- 
terdam. The  heaviest  exportation  was 
to  Prussia. 


J2 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


British  Tobacco  Tax 

London     Paper     Points      Oot      MistaKes      of     CKan- 
cellor     of    ExcHequer 


THE  Chiiucellor  of  the  Exchequer 
has  not  heard  the  last  of  the  to- 
bacco tax,  says  the  London  Tobacco 
Weekly  Journal,  and  influential  and 
practical  men  have  since  its  announce- 
ment been  pointing  out  that  from  the 
point  of  view  of  imperial  revenue  the 
whole  thing  was  a  mistake. 

At  the  first  blush  it  seemeii  to  the 
chancellor,  who  is  nothing  if  not  pro- 
tectionist, that  a  preferential  duty  in 
favor  of  unstripped  leaf  would  cause 
employment  of  British  labor,  and  so 
far  it  seemed  his  position  was  plaus- 
ible. It  is  now  proved  to  him  that 
sucli  labor  is  not  going  to  be  a  boon  to 
workers  here,  and  indeed  such  workers 
are  not  forthcoming  in  any  great  num- 
bers, and  the  result  is  likely  to  be  that, 
in  future  the  imports  of  unstripped  for 
crushing  will  increase,  and  the  other 
which  bears  the  higher  tax  will  pro- 
portionately decrease. 

As  a  result  of  his  new  scheme,  the 
chancellor  now  stands  to  gain  little  or 
nothing  by  his  increase  of  3d.  ( (i  cents) 
on  the  stripped  tobacco.  The  duty  is 
now  seen  to  be  protective  in  purpose, 
without  increasing  the  revenue,  and 
without  to  any  appreciable  extent  in- 
creasing the  employment  of  British 
labor,  because  with  such  a  substantial 
differential  duty  in  favor  of  unstripped, 
there  is  a  temptation  to  manufacturers 
who  cannot  get  cheap  labor  for  strip- 
ping to  use  up  the  unstripped  by  crush- 
ing stalk  and  all. 

By  the  increased  use  in  this  country 
of   unstripped    leaf   which   cannot   be 
stripped     here,     the      consumer     will 
obviously  be   required    to  put  up  with 
an  inferior    article.     He    will  be  asked 
to  smoke   tobacco  which,    but    for  this 
vexatious  tax,    would    be  stripped    for 
him  before  shipment  by  the  foreigners. 
It  is   now  regarded    as  certain    that 
the  trade  will  suffer    by  any   deprecia- 
tion   of    the    quality    of   the    working 
man's  tobacco,    and  it  is  to  prevent  the 
introduction  of    the  practice  of   crush- 
ing   stalks   to    any    great    extent    that 
efforts  are  still  being    made  to  get    the 
chancellor  to  reconsider   and  revise  his 

scheme.  •■    lu  .. 

If  the  chancellor  had  realized  that 
such  a  big  differential  duty  as  3d.  (6 
cents)  would  only  induce  importers  to 
run  upon  unstripped  for  crushing  pur- 
poses, thus  leaving  him  without  his 
desired  revenue,  he  would  have  made 
the  new  duty  Id.  (2  cents)  and  this 
would  have  yielded  him  what  he 
expects  from  the  3d.  (6  cents)  tax,  as 
for  the  sake  of  Id.  importers  would 
have  made  no  difference  in  their  im- 
ports of  stripped. 

It  is  on  the  cards  that  the  chancellor 
will  yet  grant  a  rebate  of  1  %d.  or  3d. 
(3  or  4  cents)  on  the  stripped  leaf,  and 
so  get  his  tax  without  dislocating  the 
trade  machinery  as  he  threatens  to  do. 


However  that  may  be,  he  and  the 
treasury  and  a  considerable  body  of 
parliamentari-ans  are  getting  a  lesson 
from  tobacconists  which  will  tend  in 
future  to  make  the  tobacco  trade  less 
of  a  football  for  the  revenue  than  it 
has  been  in  the  past. 

The  advice  as  to  raising  prices  that 
is  being  given  by  leaders  of  the  retail 
trade  in  London  at  last  is  "Do  not 
attempt  in  face  of  big  competitors  to 
raise  the  threepenny  (0  cents)  tobacco 
to  any  higher  price."  It  cannot  be 
done  "by  artificial  means,  least  of  all  by 
the  mere  resolutions  of  small  organiza- 
tions whose  members  may  be  beaten  in 
competition  with  outsiders. 

To   recoup    himself   for    his   loss   of 
this  3d.    (6    cents)   tax    is   to    be   per- 
manent,   the    retailer     of   cheap   stuff 
must  first    supplv  the  cheapest  he    can 
get,  and  if  it  be  nasty  as  well  as  cheap 
it  will  the  sooner  disgust  the  consumer, 
who  will  be  driven    then    to  ask    for  a 
higher   irrade  tobacco  and  pay    for   it. 
To  put  8d.    (16    cents)  a  pound  on   the 
price  in  order  to  collect  3d.  (ti  cents)  a 
pound  for   revenue  is  a   practice  which 
will  make  the   tobacconists  unpopular, 
and    to     throw    an     extra    profit    into 
pockets  of  the  trade  was  not,  of  course, 
the  object  of  the  tax.       Bo  long  as   the 
tobacconist    is    expected    to     supply    a 
cheap   smoke,    and    at  the    same    time 
collect  the   extra  tax,    without   taking 
any    undue   advantage    himself,    it     is 
obVious  he  can  only  do   so  by  lowering 
the  quality  to  the  extent  of  the  3d.    (6 
cents)  per   pound.       If   the   consumer 
kicks,   he  may    blame   the   chancellor, 
and  then,  in  sheer    desperation,   go  for 
a  better  class  of  tobacco. 


within  a  few  years  all  of  the  tobacco 
was  set  in  the  fields  by  hand.  Boys 
were  usually  employed  to  drop  the 
plants  and  a  man  followed  and  set 
them  in  the  ground.  It  was  tiresome 
work,  but  it  is  now  a  thing  of  the  past. 
The  machine  known  as  the  tobacco 
setter  is  now  in  general  use.  and  the 
farmer  who  does  not  own  one  hires  his 
neighbor's. 

The  machine  is  drawn  by  two  horses; 
the   driver  rides   on  the   front    of   the 
machine,  and  two  boys  ride  at  the  rear 
near  the  ground.     The    plants    are  fed 
into  the  machine  by    the  boys,   and  are 
set  out  one  at  a    time  and  at  even    dis- 
tances apart.       The  farmers   recognize 
that  the  machine    sets  the   plant  more 
evenly  and  better   than  can  be  done  by 
hand,  and  that  they  are  more  likely  to 
live    than    when    set    by    the     former 
method.     The    machine  also   carries  a 
water  tank,  so  that  each  plant  is  auto- 
matically watered     when    it     is     set. 
This   saves    having  a    man    follow   the 
person   who   is   setting    to    water    the 
plants,     as   used     to     be      necessary. 
Another  useful  device  which  the  farm- 
ers are  using  to  some  extent  is  a  sower 
which  is   attached   to  the   rear  of   the 
tobacco     setter,    for     the    .purpose   of 
sprinkling  plaster   or   some    compound 
upon  each  plant  as    it  is  set.  to  kill  the 
worms  if  they  attack  it.       This  poison 
sower  can  be   bought,  but   many  farm- 
ers can  make  a  small  cart  like  affair  on 
wheels     which    answers   the  purpose. 
There  has    been    consideiable   progress 
in  the  methods  employed  by  the    farm- 
ers  carrying    on  the  tobacco   industry, 
and,    while   there    is   still  much    hard 
work    to   be   done,     the     labor   saving 
devices   are    making     portions   of   the 
woik  much  lighter  than  formerly. 


Marked  Change  in  Methods 

The  marked    change  in  the    method 
of  transplanting    is   apparent.       Until 


WANT  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


Advertisements  under  this  liead  cost  one 
cent  a  word  each  time;  no  adveruseraent  taken 
for  less  than  twenty  cents;  casli  or  stamps 
must  accompany  orders  which  should  be  re- 
ceived by  the  25th  of  the  mouth. 


FOR  S.\LE— Farm,  160  acres  with  pinli 
eranite  ledjre  and  about  300O  cords  of  wood ; 
fine  site  for  buildinf.     Box  185  Becliet  Mass. 


WANTED— Reliable  sing-le  man  to  work  on 
milk  farm.  W.  J.  Baker  253  Fairview  ave. 
Cliicopee  Mass. 


Shade-Grown  Sumatra 
and  Shade-Grown 
Cuban  Wrappers 

rOR.  .SALE  IN  QUANTITItJ 
Ai  DEilR-ED 

Write  for  Samples  and  Prices 

FOSTER 

Drawer  42.       Hartford,  Conn. 


WANTED— Man  to  tal<e  care  of  horses  and 
work  about  place  also  farm  hanii ;  jfood  waifes. 
Address  lio-i  121  Care  of  New  Ensjland  Tobac- 
co Grower. 


Wanted— Tobacco  Foreman: 

A  competent  man,  wlio  Ihorut'hly  under- 
stands Connecticut  tobacco.  Ui  talie  full  charjre 
of  an  assortinershop.  and  who  is  familiar  with 
all  warehouse  work.  Must  understand  all  de- 
tails of  handlins,'-  new  and  old  tobacco,  and  be 
familiar  with  overseeing  a  force  of  men.  A 
vearlv  position  with  (food  salary,  to  ng-ht  man. 
Address  P.  O.  Bo.x  No.  720,  Hartford,  Conn. 


STUDIO 

1300    MAIN    ST..     HAR-TFOK-D 

Leaain^  Artist  in  PHotoBraphy 
and  General  Portraiture. 

Our  phoio,Mapl.s  are  not  ••shade"  l-7"«:"  »»'^ 
are  made  will,  the  clearness  and  exaa  lo-e'-e^s 
that  win  for  us  permanent  ':"S'«™'''\.  "  ',  ■' '1 
afler  your  ph,>lo(.n-.aph.c  trade.  Stadto,  I030 
Main  St.,  Opposite  Morgan  St. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


13 


Tobacco     Insurance 

AVHat  the  Tobacco  AVorld  Has  to  Say  on  the 
Subject 


Till-;  Tobiiccu  World  of  Phihuleliiliia 
Hays  editorially: 

Dnriiifi;  tlio  past  few  years  tobacco 
seeiiis  to  have  attracted  imicli  atleritiou 
auioiij;  fire  iiisnraiice  underwriters  in 
several  of  the  principal  tobacco  grow- 
ing states. 

Difficulty  has  at  times  been  experi- 
enced by  the  leaf  tobacco  packers  of 
Wisconsin,  who  were  often  unable  to 
obtain  insurance  in  satisfactory  coiu- 
panies  at  a  reasonalile  rate,  and  within 
the  past  two  weeks  it  was  openly  an- 
nounced in  Lancaster  that  if  there 
were  any  more  lire  losses  there  among 
tobacco  risks  the  companies  would 
withdraw  insurance  from  that  section. 
It  also  seems  that  there  is  a  similar 
agitation  in  Connecticut. 

It  is,  however,  admitted  that  a  wide 
variance  of  opinion  and  experience 
gives  to  the  subject  an  unusual  inter- 
est, and  it  is  further  stated  that  while 
many  companies  have  written  the  class 
with  profit  for  years,  some  under- 
writers have  been  less  fortunate,  with 
the  result  that  tobacco  may  now  be 
found  upon  quite  a  few  prohibited  lists. 


A  member  of  a  Hartford  insurance 
agency,  controlling  several  large  to- 
liacco  risks,  among  which  are  two  of 
the  hirgest  growing  corporations  in 
(.'onnecticut,  said  that,  wheieas  the 
agency  had  collected  many  thousand  of 
dollars  in  premiums  duiiiig  the  past 
five  years,  only  -f'J.OIK)  had  been  paid 
out  for  losses,  leaving  a  larger  margin 
of  profit  than  that  realized  on  aliuost 
any  other  class  of  risks.  Inquiries 
among  other  agencies  also  developed 
the  fact  that  in  a  inaji>rity  of  cases  a 
fair  profit  had  been  realized.  It  is  the 
general  belief  among  agents  in  that 
state  that  the  aversion  which  some 
companies  shew  toward  tobacco  risks 
is  due  more  to  ignorance  and  un- 
grounded prejudice  than  to  a  high  loss 
ratio. 

It  is  our  opinion  that  if  insurance 
cinnpanies  to  whom  toliaceo  risks  are 
offered  would  exercise  a  closer  scrutiny 
of  the  moral  integrity  and  the  hazards 
the  ratio  of  losses  would  remain  at  a 
minimum,  and  an  unnecessary  embargo 
upon  the  honest  merchant  would  be 
avoided. 


Windmills  and.  Water  Systems 

Time  was  when  a  man  about  to  Imild 
in  the  country  would  not  thint  of 
locating  his  house  elsewhere  than  by  a 
spring.  But  that  day  has  gone.  There 
is  no  longer  necessity  for  it.  Water 
can  be  had  most  anywhere  ;it  a  reason- 
able depth  below  the  surface  -water  as 
pure  and  cold  and  clear  as  ever  came 
from  the  "crystal  spring." 

And  with  the  modern  means  of  rais- 
ing it,  the  advantage  lies  not  with  the 
man  who  owns  the  spring,  but  rather 
with  the  man  who  b(n'es  for  water,  for 
while  he  is  about  the  job  he  usually 
plans  for  raising  and  storing  at  heights 
above  the  surface,  so  that  with  little 
extra  expense  house,  barn,  yards  or 
shops  may  have  water  service  in  every 
part,  for  household  use,  tor  stock,  for 
watering  lawns  and  gardens,  for  stor- 
age, in  fact,  every  advantage  enjoyeil 
by  people  connected  with  city  water 
systems. 

The  windmill  is  the  agency  which 
makes  all  this  possible.  A  concern 
which  has  shown  these  possibilities  to 
country  people  far  and  near  is  the 
Charles  J.  Jager  Company  of  Boston. 
They  are  the  agents  of  the  famous 
Eclipse  Windmill,  a  mill  which  from 
every  windmill  requirement,  is  the 
peer  of  any  on  the  market.  It  is  the 
basis  of  the  Jager  system  of  water 
works.  For  this  concern  is  not  only 
windmill  makers  and  sellers,  but  it 
plans  and  suggests  and  builds  complete 
water  systems,  taking  the  whole  of  the 
responsibility  and  guaranteeing  satis- 
factory results. 

A  Jager  advertisement  will  be  found 


in  another  column.  Their  catalogue 
uives  a  complete  idea  of  what  they  do 
in  the  way  of  fitting  out  with  water 
systems,  windmills  ami  powers. 


Tobacco  Industry  in  Trinidad 

Vice-Consul  Wm.  W.  Handley,  at 
Triniilad,  West  Indies,  has  transmitted 
to  tlie  Department  of  Commerce  and 
Labor  a  lengthy  report  on  the  com- 
iiierci^  and  industries  of  Trinidad,  parts 
of  which  relating  to  the  tobacco  indus- 
try will  be  of  general  interest  to  the 
trade.  During  the  last  half  of  the 
year  1901  and  the  first  halt  of  WWi 
leaf  tobacco  to  the  amount  of  5()  1,000 
pounds  and  manufactured  tobacco 
amounting  to  (iil.OOO  pounds  was  im- 
jioited  into  Trinidad.  For  the  same 
periods  in  l!IOO-100:i  the  imports  were 
502,000  pounds  of  leaf  and  77,000 
pounds  of  manufactured  tobacco.  Leaf 
tobacco  comes  almost  entirely  from  the 
United  states,  the  manufactured  pro- 
duct chiefly  from  Great  Britain  and 
the  cigars  and  cigarettes  (on  which 
the  duty  is  ill. 30  per  pound)  chiefly 
from  the  LTnited  States. 

Tobacco  Jtgainst   Weevil 

It  is  reported  from  Texas  that, 
although  it  is  not  completely  effective, 
the  best  antidote  yet  found  for  the  boll 
weevil  that  is  making  such  ravages  in 
the  Cotton  plantations  is  a  strong  solu- 
tion (if  cobacco  leaves. 


JENKINS    &    BARKER, 

Successors  to  Col.  Charles  L.  Burdett. 

Patent  and  Trade  Mark  Causes. 
Solicitors  of  United  States  and  Foreig-n  Pat- 
ents, Desi^'ns  and  Trade  Marks. 

FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING, 
so  state  Street,       -       Hartford,  Connecticnt 


Washing 
Powder 

^lade  by 

S*«t  and  Company 


CHICAGO 


Swifrs 

Washing- 
Powder 


-ran- 


CLOTHING 

CROCKER'' 


fLO 


OfS 


.^'■^•iif>'' 


Swift's  Washing  Powder  is  the  Tidy  Housevuife's  best  friend. 
Try  a  package  and  see  for  yourself. 


SWIFT 

lO  John  Street, 


PROVISION 


COMPANY, 

BOSTON,    MA.SS. 


J4 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


About  TurkisH  Tobacco 

Many     Interesting    Details    of    a    Rapid 
Grooving     Indtxstry 


THE  expression  "Turkish  tobacco" 
is  almost  as  vague  and  nieauing- 
less  as  "American  tobacco,''  as  it 
covers  almost  as  many  varieties  of  leaf 
as  does  the  latter,  says  a  writer  in 
Tobacco  Leaf.  The  difference  be- 
tween the  heavy  Kentucky  and  the 
Havana  Seed  of  Connecticut  is  no 
greater  than  that  between  the  fine,  tiny 
leaf  of  Cavalla  and  the  heavy,  gummy 
leaf  from  the  interior  of  the  Smyrna 
district.  For  purposes  of  convenience 
the  Turkish  tobacco  of  commerce  may 
be  classified  into  the  varieties  that 
come  from  Turkey  in  Europe  and  Asia 
on  the  one  hand,  and  those  which 
come  from  adjacent  countries  on  the 
other.  The  ever  increasing  demand 
for  these  tobaccos  makes  all  of  them  of 
especial  interest  at  the  present  time. 
Of  the  latter  category,  Greek  tobacco 
leads  in  importance,  and  is  followed 
by  Crimean,  Caucasus,  Montenegrin, 
Bosnian,  Servian  and  Bulgarian.  The 
tobacco  raised  in  Turkey  proper  are 
divided  into  four  great  classes — the 
Cavalla,  Smyrna,  Lataki  and  Samsoan. 
These  aie  names  of  places,  all  four 
being  seaports,  the  first  on  the  southern 
coast  of  Roumelia,  opposite  the  island 
of  Thasos:  the  second  on  the  eastern 
coast  of  the  province  of  Aidin,  Asia 
Minor;  the  third  on  the  coast  of  Syria, 
opposite  CyiDrus:  and  the  fourth, 
Samsoun,  on  the  Black  Sea. 

Cavalla  is  the  most  important  place, 
and  its  leaf  is  the  most  important  of 
all  the  Turkish  tobaccos.  It  is  grown 
in  many  parts  of  Roumelia,  and  is 
there  classified  according  to  the  district 
of  its  origin.  When  cured  it  is  for- 
warded to  Cavalla,  where  it  is  stored 
in  the  numerous  warehouses  of  that 
city.  These  warehouses  are  owned 
by  wealthy  merchants,  and  are 
managed  with  great  ability.  Where 
the  leaf  received  has  been  improperly 
cured,  they  re-cure  it.  They  do  all 
the  packing,  sorting  and  baling. 
From  Cavalla,  which  is  a  busy  seaport 
it  is  shipped  to  all  parts  of  the  world, 
and  more  especially  to  Germany,  Great 
Britain,  Fgypt,  Austro-Hungary,  the 
United  States,  Roumania,  Russia,  Italy 
and  Switzerland. 

Smyrna,  the  second  tobacco  shipping 
port,  has  a  large  export  trade.  The 
predominant  leaf  in  that  market  is 
known  under  the  name  of  Ayassoluk, 
and  is  distinguished  by  being  packed 
by  the  farmers  with  the  leaves  threaded 
upon  long  strings.  Ayassoluk  is  re- 
markable for  its  deep,  rich  aroma,  so 
deep  that  the  leaf  finds  its  chief  em- 
ployment in  blending,  and  is  seldom 
used  alone. 

The  Samsoun  leaf  ranges  in  color 
from  light  yellow  and  light  red  to 
dark  brown,  and  is  seldom  uniform  in 
appearance.  It  does  not  seem  to  be 
cultivated    with   the  same   care  as  Ca- 


valla leaf,  and  when  packed  by  the 
farmers  is  seldom  made  into  neat 
bundles.  It  has  a  rich  aroma,  a  warm, 
pleasant  flavor,  and  excellent  burning 
quality.  It  is  often  used  alone  for 
making  cigarettes  and  pipe  tobaccos, 
but  is  more  frequently  blended  with 
Cavalla  and  Smyrna. 

Latakia  has  enjoyed  prestige  for 
many  years,  but  does  uol  seem  to  in- 
crease much  in  popularity.  The 
country  thereabouts  varies  greatly  in 
topography,  with  the  consequence  that 
the  leaf  grown  is  equally  varied.  In 
the  market  numerous  varieties  are 
found,  ranging  from  a  small  leaf  two 
inches  long,  to  large  fleshy  affairs 
twenty  and  even  twenty-four  inches  in 
length. 

In  general  the  stems  of  the  leaves 
are  too  heavy  for  cigarette  making, 
but  the  leaf  is  used  for  the  narghile, 
either  plain  or  else  mixed  with  other 
varieties. 

Of  the  four  classes,  Cavalla  is  the 
most  important,  and,  so  far  as  the 
European  and  American  markets  are 
concerned,  causes  Latakia  to  sink  into, 
insignificance.  The  market  classifica- 
tion of  its  leaf  is  very  complex,  and 
would  not  interest  American  readers. 
So  far  as  American  trade  is  concerned, 
it  is  divided  into  Dubec  of  Giu-bec, 
which  brings  trom  seventy  cents  to 
two  dollars  a  pound.  This  is  packed 
in  small  bales  weighing  fi'om  twelve  to 
twenty-five  pounds.  The  word  Giu- 
bec  means  the '"belly  leaf."  In  pick- 
ing, the  lower,  or  sand  leaves  and  the 
embryonic  top  leaves  are  rejected  and 
only  the  middle  or  "belly"  leaves  in 
the  centre  and  upper  part  of  the  stem 
are  taken  by  the  grower.  This  is  the 
origin  of  the  word  Dubec,  which  is  a 
Ujispronunciation  of  tlie  word  Giu-bec. 
The  second  quality,  Basma,  comes 
packed  in  bales  weighing  from  forty  to 
eighty  pounds,  and  costs  from  ten  to 
seventy  cents  a  pound.  Below  this 
comes  what  we  Americans  would  call 
trash.  It  includes  sand  leaves,  tops, 
broken  and  injured  leaves,  and  brings 
from  five  to  ten  cents  a  pound  in  the 
open  market.  Little  or  none  of  it  comes 
to  the  United  States.  Large  quantities 
are"  exported  to  Germany,  Holland  and 
other  lands,  where  it  is  made  into 
cheap    cigarettes  and   snuff   tobacco. 

Tobacco  culture  in  Turkey  is  not 
marked  by  either  high  knowledge  or 
progress.  It  is  carried  on  by  farmers 
who  have  small  holdings  of  land,  and' 
who  follow  in  the  footsteps  of  their 
fathers  and  grandfathers.  This  is 
especially  the  case  with  Turkey  in 
Asia,  where  the  methods  of  today  are 
the  same  as  those  of  a  hundred  years 
ago.  In  the  Cavalla  district  the  forces 
of  civilization  have  exerted  considerable 
influence,  and  here  and  there  modern 
ideas   have  obtained   a  foothold  in    the 


agricultural  districts.  The  cultivation 
is  carried  on  by  farmers  and  their 
wives  and  children.  Those  who  are 
well  to  do  have  a  donkey,  which  aids 
them  about  the  farm ;  where  there  is 
no  donkey,  the  wife  takes  its  place. 
Irrigation  is  effected  b3-  loading  a  don- 
key with  leaky  water-cans,  and  driving 
him  slowl}'  up  and  down  the  fields  where 
the  plants  aie  growing.  Where  there 
is  no  donkey,  the  stalwart  wife  per- 
forms this  task,  using  for  her  water- 
pails  two  American  kerosene  cans. 
Thus  doth  the  Standard  Oil  Company 
carry  Christianity  into  Mohammedan 
lands!  When  the  leaves  are  sufficiently 
ripe,  they  are  cut,  taken  home,  and 
strung  and  hung  on  poles  supported  by 
cross  pieces  a  few  feet  above  the 
ground.  At  this  point  is  the  first 
sorting.  The  upper  and  finer  leaves 
are  strung  by  themselves,  as  are  the 
middle  and  larger,  the  lower  and  still 
larger,  and  last  of  all  the  sand  leaves. 
During  the  drying,  the  crop  must  be 
protected  from  rain  and  storm.  When 
bad  weather  threatens,  the  entire 
family  turns  out  and  carries  the  leaf- 
laden  poles  into  a  barn,  or  even  their 
own  house  where  they  remain  until 
the  weather  is  dry  again.  When 
thoroughly  sun  cured,  the  leaves  are 
taken  from  the  strings,  bunched,  baled 
and  wrapped.  These  operations  con- 
sume the  fall  and  winter  months,  the 
crop  being  ready  for  shipment  about 
March  to  April.  In  January  to  March 
come  the  buyers,  who  purchase  the 
crops  from  the  farmers  and  forward 
them  to  Cavalla.  These  buyer.',  are  of 
all  sorts.  Some  represent  great  cigar- 
ette manufacturers ;  others  leaf  dealers ; 
and  still  others,  speculators  pure  and 
simple.  When  the  farmers'  bales  reach 
the  warehouses  they  are  unpacked  and 
reassorted.  Frequently  the  leaf  has 
been  improperly  cured,  and  more  fre- 
quently parts  of  a  .single  crop  will  be 
both  well  and  poorly  cured.  Some- 
times all  the  leaf  has  a  poor  burn,  and 
needs  long  packing  and  storing  to 
develop  its  full  value.  For  crops  of 
this  class  there  are  special  storage 
room,  where  they  are  kept  ore,  two, 
and  even  three  years  before  they  are 
finally  put  upon  the  market. 

In  this  sorting  and  packing  the 
Greeks  seem  to  have  a  greater  genius 
than  any  other  nationality.  At  Caval- 
lais  a  large  Greek  population,  which  is 
supplied  from  the  island  of  Thasos, 
just  as  there  is  one  at  Smyrna  supplied 
from  the  island  of  Mitylene,  which  is 
employed  in  the  warehouses.  They 
regard  the  work  as  a  technical  educa- 
tion, and  in  many  cases,  after  having 
served  an  apprenticeship  in  the  ware- 
houses, go  to  Alexandria,  Cairo,  Lon- 
don, Berlin  and  New  York,  where  they 
become  leaf  dealers  or,  more  fre- 
quently, cigarette  manufacturers. 

While  the  Greek  leaf  is  inferior  to 
the  Cavalla  and  Samsoun  in  delicacy 
and  aroma,  it  burns  exceedinglj'  well, 
and  is  therefore  a  valuable  blend  in 
cigarette  making.  Large  amounts  go 
to  Egj-pt,  where  they  are  blended  with 
Cavalla,  Smyrna  and  Samsoun  to  make 
the  famous  Egyptian  cigarettes. 

While  the  Turkish  government  does 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


15 


^       LUTHBR  M.  case:,  ^ 

WINSTED,   CONNECTICUT, 
Packer  and  Dealer  in 


Connecticut    Leaf  Tobacco.  ^^i^ 

Shade     Grown  J^J0^  >»>«:» 

Sumatra    in    Bales.  ^T* 


5 


Main  Warehouse  and  Office,    Pine  Meadow,  Conn, 


BR^MCH    WAREHOUSES: 

Soiithwick,  Mass.,— Foreman,  H.  L-  Miller. 
I'^ast  Canaan.  Coiiii.,— Foreman,  L,-  F.  Bronson. 
BarUhamsted,  Conn.,— Foreman,  L.  A.  t^ee. 
North  Hatfield,  Mass., — Foreman,  Willis  Holdeii. 
New  Hartford,  Conn., — Foreman.  James  Stewart. 


SUMATRA    PLANTATIONS: 

Pine   Meadow,  Conn., 25    Acres 

Barkhamsted,  Conn.,        20    Acres 

South  wick,  Mass.,  J  5    Acres 


Always  in  the  market  for  old  Tobacco  if  well 
assorted  and  packed.  ^  Havana  Seed  Wrap- 
pers a  specialty,  assorted  and  sized  into 
thh"tv-two  grades.        ...... 


I' 


mm^^mmmmmmmmm^m  mm^.ww^ 


little  01  nothing  for  its  tobacco  indus- 
try, its  neighbors  pursue  the  opposite 
policy.  Greece,  Montenegro,  Herego- 
vina  and  Bosnia  have  been  energetic 
in  aiding  their  tobacco  growers  in 
many  ways.  They  have  reduced  the 
taritf  on  fertilizers;  have  engaged  to- 
bacco experts  from  other  lands;  have 
started  government  factories  to  create 
a  home  market:  have  imposed  differ- 
ential duties  in  favor  of  the  domestic 
leaf;  have  built  roads  and  even  rail- 
roads to  lessen  the  cost  of  transporta- 
tion, and  in  Herzegovnia  and  Bosnia 
have  conducted  small  government 
farms.  It  is  therefore  fair  to  assume 
that  in  a  few  years  the  srpply  of  Tur- 
kish tobacco  will  be  largely  and  per- 
manently increased. 

All  of  the.se  tobaccos  are  the  results 
of  the  action  of  climate  and  soil.  The 
original  leaf  «f  southeastern  Europe 
came  from  the  West  Indies  and  prob- 
ably from  Cuba,  although  some  autho- 
rities believe  it  was  taken  from  the 
American  mainland.  But  in  the 
cotirse  of  the  years  it  has  assumed  a 
type  peculiar  to  that  part  of  the  world. 
This  type  is  not  confined  to  the  coun- 
tries named  hereinbefore.  In  Persia 
and  Armenia,  Trans-Caucasus,  Bessar- 
bia  and  Hungary,  where  the  soil  and 
climate  are  somewhat  alike  to  those  of 
Greece,  Turkey  and  Syria,  similar  leaf 
has  been  grown  without  trouble  from 
Turkish  seed.     It  is  very   possible  that 


these  lands  will  ere  long  enter  the  Tur- 
kish tobacco  market  and  compete  with 
those  now  in  possession. 

Tobacco  Burned  in  Virginia 

On  June  .5,  Danville,  Virginia,  was 
visited  by  the  largest  and  most  des- 
tructive fire  known  in  its  history,  en- 
tailing a  loss  in  the  neighborhood  of 
f40(t.00().  Four  big  buildings  were 
reduced  to  ashes,  including  Lee's  Waie- 
house.  owned  by  G.  Penn  and  O. 
Dudley  on  the  east  of  which  was  the 
factory  of  B.  Newgrass.  of  London, 
and  two  on  the  west  owned  by  'the 
T.  C.  Williams'  estate,  of  Richmond. 
The  buildings  were  all  occupied  by  the 
American  Tobacco  Company,  lessee. 
It  is  estimated  that  nearly  4,00(1,000 
pound  of  tobacco  was  stored  in  the  four 
buildings,  all  of  which  was  burned. 

The  building  owned  b?  Penn  and 
Dudley  was  valued  at  about  $1."),000, 
and  was  insured  for  |1 0,000;  the 
building  owned  by  B.  Newgrass,  which 
is  better  known  as  the  Scott  factorv, 
was  valued  at  $7,500,  and  fully 
insured.  The  two  Williams  estate 
buildings  were  of  brick,  and  valued  at 
about  it!l,T,000  each,  and  they  were 
-well  insured. 

In  addition  to  the  above  damage,  the 
R.  J.  Reynolds  Tobacco  Company 
plant  suffered  a  loss  of  several  thousand 
dollars  by  water. 


Charles  {(ruse  Dead 

The  death  is  announced  of  Chailes 
Kruse,  secretary  of  the  Kruse-Reese 
Leaf  Tobacco  Company,  of  St.  Louis. 

Will    Insure     Themselves 

A  letter  from  Janesville,  Wisconsin, 
says;  The  first  of  a  chain  of  mutual 
insurance  companies  to  be  organized 
nmcuig  tobacco  men  in  the  state  was 
formed  here  last  week,  and  |200,0()0 
of  business  was  pledged  by  the  sixty 
tobacco  men  in  attendance.  The  com- 
pany is  to  be  known  as  the  Bower  City 
Mutual  Fire  Insurance  Company  of 
.lanesvilln,  and  other  companies  a  e 
soon  to  be  organized  elsewhere. 

Among  the  cities  where  companies 
will  probably  be  formed  are  Viroqu;!. 
Edgerton,  Sparta,  Madison  and  Jeffer- 
son. 

Those  interested  say  these  companies 
will  reduce  the  cost  of  insurance  on 
tobacco  about  20  per  cent. 

HEJtDQUJtRTERS  FOR 

nmU  IKSURflHGE 

F.  F.  SMALL  &  CO. 

95   Pearl  St.,    HERTFORD,    COXN. 
14  Fort  St.,  SPRINGFIELD,  MJISS. 


t6 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


^ 


ooooooooo  o  o  o  ^^^o  ^"''^o  ^^"^o  ^""^o  ^■"''^o  ^"""^o    —   o  ^-"^o  ^^'''^o  ^""'^o  ^•'"^o  ^""^o 


^' 


€S 


& 


InternatioriLal 
Tobacco  ClotH 


^ 
^ 
^ 
^ 


^ 


& 


HE  superiority  of  The  International 
Tobacco  Cloth  has  been  fully  dem- 
onstrated in  the  field  fi;  High-grade 
material  and  skilful  construction,  combined 
with  long  experience  in  manufacturing  this 
class  of  fabric,  accounts  for  the  superiority 
of  The  International  Tobacco  Cloth  ^  Made 
in  all  required  widths;  shipments  prompt 
and  complete. 


Forbes  ^  Wallace 

Springfield,  Mass.  V*  >^ 


^^ 


.  **  j^^  °  j~^  o 


O     _^  O     __    O     -^  o    -^  o 


o.— .0^-^0...-»0.*«,.*>.*-vO   ^-^  o 


o   „«..  o  ,^^  o  — .  o 


i3i§o 


^f>e  New  England 

Tobacco  Grower 


VOL.  V.  No.  6. 


HARTFORD,  CONNECTICUT,  AUGUST,  1904. 


$1.00  A  YEAR 


Seed  from  Selected  Broadleaf  Plants 


^XTHILE  so  iiuich  is  being  done  in  the  line  of  efforts  to 
improve  vaiioHs  varieties  of  tobacco  introduced  from 
different  countries,  the  old  broadleaf  type  of  Connecticut 
tobacco  is  not  beiug 
neglected,  for  the 
plant  has  long  been 
in  the  hands  of  care- 
ful, painstaking 
growers.  These  men 
have  appreciated  the 
importance  of  seed 
selection  and  year 
after  year  ha^e  taken 
steps  to  preserve  the 
uniformity,  thrift) - 
ness  and  good  smok- 
ing qualities  of  the 
standard  type  of  to- 
bacco to  which  they 
have  devoted  their 
energies. 

To  the  admirer  of 
broadleaf  there  is  no 
finer  sight  than  a 
large  level  field  of 
thrifty  broadleaf, 
each  plant  a  duplicate 
of  its  neighbor,  the 
large  wide  leaves 
spreading  out  grace- 

fullj'.  Mongrel  plants  ai'e  nowhere  more  annoying  than  in 
such  a  field,  and  aside  from  the  annoyance  and  bad  appear- 
ance, there  is  likewise  the  certainty  that  the  inferior  plants 
will  show  up  in  the  bundle  and  in  the  warehouse  to  the 
detriment  of  the  crop.     On  the  other  hand,  no  variety  of  to- 


BROADLEAF  PLANTS  SELECTED  FOR    SEED    BY   JAMES  S.   FORBES, 
BURNSIDE,    CONNECTICUT. 


bacco  responds  better  to  a  little  care  in  the  selection  of  the 
seed  plants.  Having  long  been  grown  in  the  Connecticut 
Valley,  broadleaf  has  become  acclimated  and  localized,   so 

that  it  is  not  so  sub- 
j  e  c  t  to  freaks  o  f 
growth  or  leaf  char- 
acteristics as  the  va- 
rieties of  more  recent 
importation.  It  only 
requires,  therefore,  a 
little  extra  attention 
at  this  time  of  the 
year,  when  topping 
plants,  to  enable  the 
broadleaf  grower  to 
gratify  his  pride  in  a 
uniform  field  of  hand- 
some tobacco,  to  say 
nothing  of  the  better 
financial  results  ob- 
tained by  such  crops. 
James  S.  Forbes  of 
Ijurnside,  a  director 
uf  The  New  England 
Tobacco  Growers' 
Association,  and  a 
member  of  the  com- 
mittee in  charge  of 
the  Connecticut 
tobacco  exhibit  at  St. 
Louis,  is  among  the  growers  of  broadleaf  who  annually 
give  close  attention  to  the  selection  of  seed  plants,  thereby 
maintaining  a  strain  of  uniform  and  thrifty  plants 
having  leaves  of  the  right  shape,  affording  wrappers  of 
the    highest   value. 


GROOVERS*    MEETING    AT    SPIMNGFIELD.     AUGUST    13 

Hartford,    Connecticut,  July  26,    1904 
The  New  England  Tobacco  Groovers'  Association  will  hold  its  mid-summer  meeting  in  Gill's  Hall,   Springfield,  Mass.,   on  Saturday,  August 
■3)  1904,  commencing  at  10  A.M.        Interesting  addresses  have  been  arranged   for,   and  all  tobacco  growers,   whether  now  enrolled  as  members  of  the 
Association  or  not,  are  cordially  invited  to  attend.  By  order  of  EDMUND   HALLAD.'W,    President. 

PAUi   ACK.ERLY,   Secretary. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


WorK  of  tHe  vStations 

Govsmment     £^xperiments     in     tKe     R.aising 
of    Tobacco 


THE  reports  of  the  various  state 
agricultural  exiieriiuent  statious 
for  the  year  190:5  made  public  by  the 
Department  of  Agriculture,  Wasbins- 
tou,  contain  some  interesting  inforiua- 
tiion  relative  to  the  work  by  them  in 
experimenting  with  the  raising  of  to- 
bacco. Of  special  interest  to  the  trade 
is  the  report  <jf  the  Connecticut  experi- 
ment station,  wliich  states  that  after 
thorough  experiments  with  tobacco 
grown  under  shade  the  authorities  are 
of  the  opinion  that  there  is  a  future 
for  the  jiroduction  of  Sumatra  leaf  in 
this  country  when  experience  in  hand- 
ling the  leaf  bas  been  gained.  At  the 
present  a  considerable  ])oition  of  the 
crop  is  spoiled  in  the  piocess  of  fermen- 
tation. The  sta'ion  is  co  operating 
with  the  Bureau  of  Soils  of  the  Agri 
cnltuie  Department  in  testing  tobacco 
seed  imported  from  Sumatra,  and  with 
the  Bureau  of  Plant  Industry  in  tests 
of  novelties  introduced  by  the  seed 
trade  and  studies  of  the  same. 

In  the  report  of  the  Hawaiian  experi- 
mental station  it  is  stated  that  some 
investigations  have  been  inaugurated 
in  growing  tobacco  and  considerable 
success  has  already  been  attained  in 
growing  Sumatra  leaf  under  shade. 


The  Kentucky  station  report  states 
that  for  two  years  white  builey  to- 
liacco  has  been  grown  under  canvas  for 
the  purpose  of  securing  a  finer  ijuality 
of  cigarette  wrappers,  and  during  the 
past  season  a  tobaccc  company  has 
also  taken  up  the  work,  growing  two 
acre  lots  under  shade  in  different  coun- 
ties of  the  state.  A  number  of  field 
experiments  with  tobacco  have  also 
been   undertaken. 

In  experiments  at  Calhoun,  Louisi- 
ana, on  light  permeable  soils,  extend 
ing  over  three  years,  there  has  been  an 
average  increase  due  to  irrigation  of 
1.87  pounds  of  tobacco,  or  a  monetary 
average  of  §9.3.5. 

During  the  year  the  state  biologist 
of  North  Carolina  made  a  careful 
study  of  a  wilt  disea.se  of  tobacco 
which  has  been  prevalent  in  the  state 
for  at  least  two  years.  The  station 
now  maintains  three  experimental 
fainis.  which  are  attracting  much  at- 
tention from  the  farmers,  the  work  on 
which  consists  largely  of  vaiiety.  cul- 
tural, fertilizer  and  other  tests  with 
cotton,  tobacco,  etc. 

The  Ohio  experimental  station  con- 
ducted field  experiments  with  tobacco 
and  diseases  of  tobacco. 


Tobacco 


from     the 
Indies 


Dutch    East 


The  otticial  statistics  for  1902  of  the 
production  and  export  of  tobacco  from 
the  Dutch  East  Indies  have  been  re 
ceived  by  the  Bureau  of  Statistics  of 
the  Department  of  Commerce  and 
Labor.  Fart  of  the  land  in  Java  is 
held  by  lease  from  the  natives  and 
other  lands  by  leases  from  the  govern- 
ment. 

The  statistics  give  the  production 
loi  both  classes  of  leased  lands  and  fur 
the  lands  owned  by  individuals.  Fox 
1902  the  production  in  Java  on  native 
leased  land  of  "Bladtabak"  and 
"Krossok"  is  given  as  16,8^20,987  kilo- 
grams (a  kilogram  equaling  3.204 
pounds);  on  government  leased  land 
as  2,89.5,;W0  kilograms:  on  private 
lands  4,21.")  kilograms:  on  "land  ceded 
by  the  native  princes"  as  (i, 568, 985 
kilograms;  a  total  of  26, 289, 5;i:^  kilo- 
grams. During  the  same  year  the  pro- 
duction of  tobacco  in  Sumatra  in  1902 
was  much  larger  than  in  189:^,  when 
it  amounted  to  only  l.'),210,;^15  kilo- 
grams, bnt  fell  below  that  of  1899, 
when  it  reached   2:i.9;  8,;369  kilograms. 

The  total  exports  fiom  Java  and 
Madoura  for  190:^  are  given  as  464,144 
picols  (a  picol  equaling  i::i5  pounds), 
of  which  402,696  picols  went  to  Hol- 
land and  1,475  picols  to  Germany.  In 
the  past  ten  years  the  exportation  has 
been  exceeded  only  cmce  -  in  1900  — 
when  it  amounted  to  466,009  p,jcols. 


Surtey    Growers     Incorporate 

The  Burle.v    Tobacco  Growers'  Asso- 
ciation which  was  recently  reorganized 


at  Lexington,  Kentucky,  was  incor- 
porated June  9  in  that  state  with  a 
capital  of  $500,000  The  amount  of 
indebtedness  or  liability  which  the  in- 
corporation may  at  any  time  incur  or 
become  liable  for  is  .fa, 000, 000.  The 
private  property  of  the  stockholders 
shall  not  be  subject  to  the  payment  of 
any  debts  of  the  corporation. 

Duty     on     Damaged     Tobacco 

A  firm  imported  in  March  of  this 
year  some  three  hundred  bales  of 
Havana  tobacco  thiough  the  port  of 
Baltimore.  The  bonded  warehouses 
having  been  destroyed  in  the  great  fire 
of  Februai'y,  the  tobacco  was  stored  in 
another  warehouse  which  had  been 
Hooded  with  water  to  prevent  its  tak- 
ing tire.  Here  the  lower  tier  of  bales 
moulded,  absorbing  the  inoiBture  from 
the  brick  and  cement  flooring  and  the 
firm  .  ade  application  for  a  rebate  of 
the  dutj-  on  the  damaged  tobacco.  The 
treasury  department  officials  at  Wash- 
ington recognized  the  hardship  im- 
posed upon  the  firm  by  reason  of  the 
damage  resulting  to  the  tobacco  while 
in  the  government  warehou.se,  but  as 
the  tobacco  might  have  been  with- 
drawn immediately  and  the  duty  paid 
or  have  been  sent  to  some  other  port 
for  storage  in  a  regular  bonded  ware- 
bouse  no  law  could  be  found  under 
which  the  importers  could  be  lelieved 
of  paying  duty  on  this  lot  of  tobacco 
as  it  was  placed  in  the  damp  ware- 
house at  their  option. 

Warehouse    Point 

The  acreage  compares  favorably  with 
last  season ;  perhaps  some  increases 
were  made  in  area  devoted  to  seed. 

The  new  crop  has  secured  a  fine 
stall,  plants  showing  up  healthy  and 
with  a  good  color. 


Dl    l^/IDO     RIUER    A.ND    ERICSSON.     All   Sizes.     New  and    Second  Hand, 
r   U  IVI  r  O  from  S45.00  up.    All   Repairs. 


BOILERS 


New  and  Second-hand  Greenhouse  Boilers. 
Guaranteed. 


PIPE 


New  2  in..  Full  Lengths  at  9Kc.;   Second  Hand,  2  in  .  Tiic;    IVi  in.,  SXc" 
i;i  in.,  4V!!C.;  1  in.,3.'<ic.;  ii  in..  3c.     Fitliufrs  of  all  Kinds. 


PIPE  CUTTERS 


STOCKS  AND  DIES 


NEW    SAUNDERS    PATTERN 
No.  1.  ;i.(K);  No.  3,  51.30. 


NEW    ECONOMY 

No.  1,  S3.CX1,  No.  3,  S4.00. 


STILLSON  WRENCHES 


NEW 
18  inch,    il.bS,   24   inch,   S2.40. 


PIPE  VISES 


NEW 
No.  1,  HINGED,  52.25. 


O  A  D  n\  CT  Nl      LJ  r^  O  C     NEW  K  in..  Guaranteed  100  lbs.  Water  Pressure 
\jr\r\LJCIN      llvyOC        "JjC.  per  foot:  not  Guaranteed.  4;ic.  per  loot. 

/^  I      A  OO     Ne«',  16.V24,  Double,   American   Glass,   S3.I0  per  Box;   16x18,    14x20. 
\J  1_MOO  Double,  S2.88;  12x16,  Sidg-le,  S2.30;  10.\12  and  8x10,  Siug-le,  S2.15. 


HOT  BED  SASH 


NEW.  No.  1  CYPRESS,  70c. 
COMPLETE,   FROM  S1.60  UP. 


Get  Our  Prices  for  Nevf  Cypress  Building  Material,  Ventilating 
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Metropolitan      Material      Company 

I59S-I400--I402I404--I406--I4OS  Metropolitan  Avenue 
BROOKLYN.     NEVir    YORK 


'^he     New     Kn  gland 
Tobacco     Grower 


HARTFORD,      CONNECTICUT,      AUGUST.      1904 


Ahead   of  Last  Year 

Crop     is     Sound     and      HealtKx-  — L>eaf 
is     of    Oood     Color 


mUstotvn 

The  average  comlitioii  of  the  crop  at 
this  time  is  uiucli  better  than  at  the 
same  time  last  year.  The  .stand  in  the 
fielfl  is  good.  It  has  j^ruwn  rapidly 
and  is  of  good  color. 

Green  worms  were  never  so  scarce 
aud  the  crop  is  sound. 

There  is  a  slight  increase  in  the 
acreage,  probably  not  more  than  three 
per  cent. 

Mr.  May,  on  tbe  U.  M.  Smith  place, 
has  built  a  five-acre  shed  with  cellar; 
William  Bently  a  new  two  acre  shed, 
and  Paul  Kasche  &  Bro.  a  three-acre 
shed. 

There  is  plenty  of  help  at  present, 
but  more  will  be  needed  during  har- 
vest. 

Old  tobacco  in  farmers'  bands  is 
very  scarce.  I  know  of  but  two  lots; 
Jerome  Hills  has  eighteen  cases  and  G. 
W.  Bancroft  twenty-one  cases,  all 
broadleaf. 

While  the  present  condition  of  to- 
bacco is  good  I  can  say  from  my  own 
observation  that  the  towns  of  Houth 
Windsor,  East  Haitford  and  Glaston- 
bury are  much  in  need  of  rain  as  the 
ground  is  very  dry. 

We  old  tobacco  raisers  have  learned 
not  to  set  our  affections  on  a  crop  of 
tobacco  until  we  have  it  in  the  shed 
for  no  man  knows  what  a  day  or  an 
hour  may  bring  forth. 

(4.    W.    B. 

Enfield 

The  rural  free  delivery  route,  estab- 
lished by  State  Superintendent  C.  B. 
Rodgers,  will  be  about  twentj'-four 
miles  i:i  length,  and  will  take  in  terri- 
tory about  three  miles  .south  of 
Thompsonville  and  about  two  miles 
east  of  Thompsonville,  with  the  inter- 
secting cross  roads.  The  carrier  will 
start  from  the  Thompsonville  post- 
offlce  about  8:30  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing. 

His  route  will  begin  at  the  fresh 
water  bridge  and  continue  south  in 
Enfield  street  to  the  Bridge  lane,  down 
Bridge  lane,  south  on  the  river  road, 
southeast  to  Enfield  street,  south  on 
King  street,  east  on  the  Hazardville 
road,  returning  on  the  Broad  Brook 
road  to  Enfield  street,  east  again  on 
the  south  road  to  Hazardville,  return- 
ing to  Enfield  street  on  the  middle 
Hazardville  road,  north  to  the  state 
line,  east   on    the    Brainardville   road. 


returning    to  the  post-offlce    bj'  way  of 
Elm  street. 

The  carrier  will  be  supplied  with 
stamps.  He  will  also  receive  letters  for 
registration,  giving  receipts  therefor, 
and  will  receive  money  for  money 
orders,  all  of  which  he  will  be  obliged 
to  receipt  for.  Persons  living  witliin 
half  a  mile  of  the  post-ofKce  on  Enfield 
street  in  Thompsonville  will  continue 
to  get  mail  as  at  present.  The  route 
will  be  in  operation  about  September  1. 

Simsbury 

The  crop  is  of  better  growtb  than 
that  of  190:i  and  looks  more  healthy. 
Some  crops  were  made  uneven  by  the 
work  of  the  cut  worm,  but  many  were 
not  troubled  at  all. 

No  damage  has  been  done  by  storm 
01  hail  ill  this  town. 

Help  is  i)lentiful 

There  is  very  little  old  tobacco  in 
town. 

The  outlook  for  the  crop  never  was 
better  at  this  time  of  the  year. 

A.  T.  Patterson. 

Glastonbury 

Tobacco  stems  have  been  at  a  pre- 
mium since  last  fall  up  to  within  a 
few  days.  They  are  now  arriving  in 
large  quantities  and  will  be  stored 
away  until  next  spring.  One  hundred 
aud  fifty  tons  were  received  last  week, 
the  consignment  having  been  made  to 
Agent  Merritt  Smart  for  Olds  & 
Whipple,  and  was  stored  at  Phelps's 
coal  shed.  There  have  al.so  been  large 
shipment  tor  Jerome  Hills.  Hardin  & 
Warner  and  S.  J.  Stevens. 

Conivay,     Massachusetts 

The  tobacco  is  growing  finely,  al- 
though some  pieces  would  bo  bene- 
fitted by  a  little  rain'.  We  did  not  get 
any  rain  last  week,  as  some  of  our 
neighbors  in  adjoining  towns  did  by 
appearances. 

East    Whately 

George  Dickinson  &  Son  sold  ;)0 
cases  dark  wrappers  and  tops  at  11 
cents. 

George  Pease  sold  from  HO  to  40 
cases  at  private  terms. 

North     Hatfield 

Tobacco  is  looking  fine  where  it  has 
started,  and  has  been  hoed,  but  we 
need  some  rain  for  the  general  run  of 
the  crop. 


Burnside 

All  the  I'.IO;;  bvipadleaf  crop  has  S(jld 
for  an  averag(;  of  18  cents  per  pnund, 
A  small  (inantity  of  Havana  is  still  on 
hand. 

A  slight  change  is  noted  in  planting 
here  this  year,  less  Havana  being 
grown  than  usual. 

A  farmer  suggests  that  growers 
should  carry  organization  into  eft'ect 
tbis  season,  if  no  more  than  to  agree 
not  to  sell  1904  tobacco  until  it  is 
stripped. 

Somers 

Resetting  tobacco  and  hoeing  have 
kept  the  growers  busy. 

Crops  have  derived  great  benefit 
from  the  recent  rains. 

C'utworms  are  proving  that  even  a 
small  worm  can  do  much  injury  to 
growing  crops.  In  one  instance  where 
tobacco  had  been  set  the  setter  was 
obliged  to  reharrow  and  reset  the  piece. 

Suffield 

The  tobacco  crop  is  looking  well  and 
many  of  the  fields  are  budding  out. 
The  warm  weather  of  the  past  few 
weeks  has  done  much  for  growing 
crops  and  although  the  season  started 
late  ciops  seem  to  be  as  far  advanced 
as  usual  this  time  of  the  j'ear. 

Looking    for    Broadleaf 

L.  W.  Scott  of  Boston,  a  tobacco 
dealer,  was  in  Connecticut  recently 
looking  for  1902  broadleaf.  He  visited 
growers  in  the  noith  section  of  East 
Hartford,  in  South  Windsor,  East 
Windsor  Hill,  Wapping  and  Ellington, 
but  could  find  only  one  who  had  any 
of  the  gooes  on  hand.  The  grower  in 
question  had  17  cases,  whicb,  however, 
had  not  been  sampled  last  year  and 
was  not  found  by  Mr.  Scott  to  be  in  a 
desirable  condition  to  pui chase. 

Tobacconist's    Widow  a    Philan^ 
thropist 

Mrs.  Mary  C.  Duulop,  relict  of 
David  Dunlop,  tobacco  manufacturer 
of  Petersburg.  Virginia,  will  build  a 
handsome  annex  to  the  Home  for  Sick 
in  that  city,  as  a  memorial  to  her  hus- 
band. It  will  cost  about  $100,000, 
and  will  be  endowed  to  be  self-sup- 
liorting. 

New  Leaf  Tobacco  Firm 

A  new  leaf  tobacco  firm  is  announced 
in  Philadelphia  under  the  name  of  the 
Sunderland  Tobacco  Comjiany.  It  is 
composed  of  Thomas  H.  Sunderland 
and  H.  S,  Myers,  the  iatter  of  whom  is 
a  well  known  salesman.  The  new 
firm  already  carries  a  substantial  stock, 
having  purchased  200  cases  of  domestic 
and  73  bales  of  Sumatra  tobacco.  Its 
present  office  is  at  141  North  Third 
street,  which  is  also  occupied  by  M. 
Rosenstein,  leaf  tobacco  broker. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Rains   Improve  tHe   Crop 

'Wet     Spell     Came    Just     at     tKe     R-igHt     Time 
for     Tobacco 


East  Hartford 

With  the  farmers  iu  this  vicinity 
the  recent  rains  were  providential, 
coming  at  a  time  wlien  they  would  do 
the  most  good.  One  of  the  best  trolley 
rides  to  take  to  realize  this  is  to  East 
Windsor  Hill,  for  from  the  forks  of  the 
roau  in  East  Hartford  to  the  bill  can 
be  seen  some  of  the  best  tobacco  raised 
in  the  Connecticut  valley.  One  of  the 
first  crops  is  that  of  A.  Fred  Olmsted. 
It  consists  of  about  eight  acres  and  is 
about  three  feet  tall.  Then  comes 
Daniel  Driscoll's  crop  of  about  10 
acres.  William  Buruham  has  one  of 
the  best  crops  iu  this  sectiou.  Daniel 
Reardon  raises  about  10  acres  on  the 
old  Elizur  Drake  farm.  Lester  New- 
ton's crop  consists  of  42  acres  and  is 
one  of  the  largest  raised  in  the  valley. 
His  tobacco  is  looking  excellent  and 
Mr.  Newton  expects  to  make  the  best 
harvest  in  10  years.  Selectman  Harry 
Powers  of  South  Windsor  has  an  excel- 
lent crop  of  from  V  to  15  acres,  and 
the  Jones  brothers  are  raising  their 
best  crop  of  a  number  of  years,  while 
the  Bancroft  brothers  are  raising  a 
large  crop  at  the  hill  and  the  Driscoll 
brothers  have  a  yO-acre  crop  which  is 
in  fine  condition.  John  Driscoll  also 
has  a  large  crop. 

The  fear  of  hail  is  passing,  as  the 
farmers  say  they  look  for  hail  from 
July  3  to  July  '?0.  There  is  practically 
no  "calico,"  and  the  crop  generally  is 
the  best  in  from  eight  to  10  years.  The 
leaves  are  finer  and  the  tobacco  is  of  a 
much  better  quality  than  is  generally 
the  case.  Tobacco  is  nearly  ready  to 
top. 

The  tobacco  is  nearly  all  broadleaf, 
little  or  no  Havana  being  raised  in  this 
vicinity 

The  recent  rains  are  the  cau.se  of  the 
crop  presenting  so  good  an  appearance 
and  quality.  The  long  continued  hot 
days  were  causing  the  farmers  much 
anxiety,  but  just  when  they  had  their 
hay  in  the  barns  came  the  rain  which 
meant  so  much  to  their  tobacco. 

East    Windsor    Hill 

The  condition  of  the  crop  at  the 
pre.sent  time  is  better  than  that  of  last 
year.  The  recent  rainy  weather  has 
greatly  improved  it,  the  plants  show- 
ing bright  green  tops  and  growing 
rapidly. 

Although  some  fields  show  a  tend- 
ency to  bud  rather  low,  yet  the  plants 
spread  well  and  are  filling  between  the 
rows. 

Green  worms  are  few,  and  barring 
.severe  storms,  the  crop  will  be 
harvested  in  as  sound  a  condition  as 
the  crop  of  li)0:i,  which  was  secured  in 
a  remarkably  whole  state. 

At  jiresent  writing,  growers  have  all 
the  help  required,  but  in  about  a 
fortnight  or  three  weeks,  when  sucker- 


ing  and  harvesting  begins,  extra  help 
will  be  iu  brisk  demand.  We  may 
expect  the  annual  influx  of  ''floaters." 
looking  for  short  jobs  and  good  pay. 
Efiicient  hands  are  so  scarce  at  harvest 
time  that  the  grower  is  compelled  to 
employ  from  the  ranks  of  those  "on 
the  road." 

William  Dunn,  Frank  Bidwell  and 
Dwight  Farnham  have  built  new  sheds 
this  season.  Others  are  contemplating 
building. 

The  general  acreage  in  .this  vicinity 
has  been  but  slightly  increased,  but 
more  broadleaf  is  grown  than  last 
season,  caused  by  several  who  have 
heietofore  raised  Havana  seed  chang- 
ing to  tne  former.  Sutter  Bros.. 
Osterweis  and  Gershel  have  been  visit- 
ing the  tobacco  regions,  inspecting  the 
growing  crops.  Growers  will  hold  for 
good  piices  for  they  have  a  better  crop, 
thus  far  as  appears,  than  last  season. 

No  hail  has  visited  South  Windsor 
and  none  is  expected. 

RoswELL  Grant. 

Westfield 

Iu  comparison  with  1903  the  crop  of 
I'JOi  is  a  good  margin  ahead.  Budding 
a  little  low;  a  fair  .sized  leaf:  color 
good.  With  now  and  then  a  little  rain 
everything  looks  favorable  for  a  good 
harvest. 

Cut-worms  were  plentiful  in  some 
fields. 

Two  tobacco  shed  additions  are  being 
built,  one  by  George  Hubbard  of  Little 
River,  of  three  or  four  bents,  and  the 
other  by  William  S.  Bush  of  East 
Silver  Street. 

Everything  in  the  shape  of  tobacco 
was  taken  by  the  dealers  last  spring. 

There  seems  to  be  plenty  of  help  at 
present,  mostly  Russian  Poles. 

A.  D.  S. 

Windsor 

f 

At  this  writing  the  crop  is  ahead  of 
that  of  15103. 

A  few  growers  were  bothered  with 
cut-worms,  but  generally  speaking 
they  have  not  been  very  troublesome. 

The  acreage  here  is  about  the  same 
as  usual. 

Hatfield 

Tobacco  in  this  .section  looks  much 
better  than  at  the  same  period  last 
year.  The  plants  have  a  good  color 
and  look  thrifty. 

Some  of  the  growers  are  prep.iring 
to  commence  cutting  the  first  week  in 
August. 

Two  sheds  are  being  built,  one  by 
Edward  Ryan,  -iOxT.T,  and  one  bv 
Patrick  Mulliu.s.  ;!0x7.5. 

B.  M.  Warner  lost  his  three  acres  of 
cheesecloth.  A  spark  from  a  pa-ssing 
locomotive  sotting  it  on  fire. 


Enfield     Street 

Enfielil  Street  was  the  center  of  a 
violent  electrical  storm,  accompanied 
with  heavy  rain  and  the  dreaded  hail, 
July  10,  which  caused  much  damage 
to  the  tobacco  crop  for  a  radius  of 
about  a  mile  and  a  half.  Many  of  the 
tobacco  growers  estimate  their  tobacco 
crop  to  be  damaged  to  the  amount  of 
from  15  to  3.5  per  cent.  The  storm 
came  from  the  west, its  approach  being 
heralded  by  sharp  lightning  and  heavy 
thunder.  Another  storm  seemed  to 
approach  from  thenoith,  and  the  two 
centered  ovei  Enfield  and  proceeded  iu 
their  work  of  destruction.  The  crops 
of  several  of  the  farmers  were  badly 
peppered  by  the  hail,  which  fell  for 
about  30  minutes,  and  were  the  size  of 
walnuts.  Many  crops  out  through  the 
country  on  the  south  and  middle  roads 
to  Hazardville  were  also  damaged  to  a 
great  extent.  The  crops  damaged  the 
most  were  those  that  stood  nearly  two 
feet  high  and  which  were  nearly  ready 
for  topping.  The  smaller  plants  that 
were  not  so  far  advanced  suffered  but 
little,  as  the  leaves  are  still  small,  and 
it  is  expected  the  leaves  that  will 
sprout  out  from  now  until  August  1 
will  come  around  in  good  shape.  Some 
of  the  farmeis  estimate  the  total  loss 
in  the  vicinity  of  Enfield  will  reach 
between  $8,000  and  |10,000. 

Southwick 

The  crop  for  1004  looks  very  promis- 
ing. There  has  been  no  hail  or  wind 
to  damage  it.  No  cut-worms  have 
been  reported.  In  fact  the  crop  looks 
all  that  could  be  asked  for. 

Harvesting  will  commence  about  the 
eighth  of  August. 

E.  C.  Hills  and  J.  W.  Root.  Harry 
Hudson,  C.  S.  Miller,  Nelson  Stevens, 
Fred  Johnson,  have  very  nice  crops. 

A.  R.  Webb  and  Cooley  Giift'en  are 
building  new  tobacco  sheds.  The 
acieage  is  about  the  same  as  last  year. 

Lancaster,  Pennsylvania 

At  the  State  Experiment  Stations  in 
this  county  two  fields  of  tobacco  under 
cloth  have  been  planted.  At  the  old 
one  at  Milton  Grove  about  one-third  of 
an  acre  was  set  out  under  cloth  ten 
days  ago.  That  at  Cocalico.  in  the  red 
sand  belt,  was  planted  a  few  days 
earlier.  It  is  also  under  cover,  and 
good  results  are  looked  for  as  the  soil 
is  wholly  diflerent  from  that  on  which 
the  bulk  of  our  crop  is  generally  grown. 


Andrews  &  Peck, 

MANUFACTURERS. 
Wholesale  and  Retail  Dealers  in 

DjDrs   Windows   and  Blinds. 

Manufacturers'  Agents  for  Akron   Sewer 
Pipe  and  Land  Tile. 

We  make  a  specialty  of  hotbed  sash. 

Office,  88  MarKet  .Street, 

Mill;   Charter  Oak  and   Vredcndalc  Avenues, 
HARTFORD.  CONN. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


Kssex  vSpecial  Tobacco 

Manure 

and 

Tobacco 

Starter 


LT HOUGH  the  prices  of  chemicals  have  ad- 
vanced very  much  during  the  past  season,  we 
guarantee  to  keep  the  analyse-  of  all  the  hijjjh- 
grade  Essex  Specials  fully  up  to  the  high  stand- 
ard of  preceding  years. CLThc  Growers  that  use  our  to- 
bacco goods  are  among  the  most  successful  raisers  in 
the  Valley,  getting  go'od  weight  and  a  large  percentage 
of  light  goods  in  all  SeaSOnS.  CHuy  our  Tobacco 
Starter  for  your  seed-beds,  your  plants  will  be  from  ten 
days  to  two  weeks  earlier  than  those  grown  on  any  other 
formula.CSend  for  our  1904  Catalogue. 


RUvSvSIA  cem£:nt  CO., 

MANUFACTURERS      j£/    jZ/    ^     jZ^    j£/    jZ^ 

GL0UCESTI:R,  v^•MASS. 


E.    B.  HIBBE:,    General   Agent,    Box    752,  Hartford,  Conn. 


TKe  Campaign  Cigar 

strange     Political     Device,     Said     to     be     Intended 

for    SmoKing 


THE  snmiuer  dullness  in  tlie  cigar 
trade  has  been  a.s  prouonnced  as 
usual,  and  there  has  been  a  strike  in 
Tampa,  but  the  time  of  the  campaign 
cigar  is  approaching,  and  those  who 
care  to  make  this  moutli  instriimuiit 
will  soon  be  in  their  glory. 

Originally  intended  to  educate  the 
American  people  in  the  relative  merits 
of  the  opposing  candidates,  and  the 
mysteries  of  part)-  platforms,  the  caui- 
jmign  has  changed  into  a  period  for  the 
wearing  of  badges  made  in  Newark, 
and  the  smoking  of  campaign  cigars, 
made  no  one  knows  where,  for  no  one 
would  be  so  unkind  as  to  look  at  the 
label  on  a  box  of  campaign  cigars. 

Campaign  cigars  are  distributed  by 
candidates  of  all  parties  except  those 
of  the  Frohibition  Party;  at  least  no 
candidate  uf  the  Prohibition  Party  ever 
gave  a  campaign  cigar  to  the  writer, 
and  this  is  the  only  evidence  obtaina- 
ble. Out  of  sheer  gratitude  the  writer 
ought  to  be  voting  with  the  Prohibi- 
tionists, but  through  natural  perversity 
he  is  not. 

The  origin  of  the  campaign  cigar  is 
wrapped  in  mystery;  there  is  no  pro- 
tective   tariff   on    mystery,  and  it    is  a 


big  yielder.  No  one  is  old  enough  to 
re'nember  when  there  were  camp.tigiis 
without  the  campaig'i  cigar,  and  it  is 
in  the  records  of  the  D.  A.  R.  that 
when  George  vVashington  ran  against 
liimself  for  President,  his  managers  dis- 
tributed campaign  cigars  in  tlie  effort 
to  get  out  the  full  vote. 

The  government  to  this  day  does  not 
know  the  difference  between  cigars 
and  campaign  cigars,  and  goes  on  col- 
lecting the  internal  revenue  just  as  if 
they  were  real  cigars.  This  is  said  to 
be  because  the  experts  of  the  different 
departments  do  not  co-operate  with 
each  other,  and  thus  give  the  govern- 
ment the  immediate  wisdom  of  their 
joint  knowledge.  Some  day  the  Bureau 
of  Fumigation  for  Immigrants'  Soiled 
Luggage,  the  Commission  for  the  Pre- 
vention of  Fires  in  the  Forest  Reserve 
and  other  Vegetable  Fibres,  and  the 
Board  to  Erect  a  Monument  to  Henry 
day,  will  all  get  together  and  advise 
with  the  Internal  Revenue  Bureau, 
and  then  there  will  be  no  more  stamp- 
ing of  boxes  containing  campaign 
■  cigars. 

Since  the  craze  for    bands    and    cou- 
pons started,  the  politicians    have    not 


been  idle  with  their  brains,  and  in  this 
coming  campaign,  a  good  manv  cam- 
paign cigars  will  be  banded;  "If  1  am 
elected  Selectman,  return  lOU  ot  these 
bands  and  get  three  days'  work  on  the 
roads;  or  300  of  the.se  bands  and  get 
three  days'  work  for  man  and  team." 
Windsor. 
Third    Sucker    Seed 

Don  Quixote  is  the  patron  of  many 
of  the  Cuban  tobacco  growers,  who 
exemplify  his  ideas  in  the  instance  of 
saving  seed  for  their  next  year's  tobac- 
co planting  from  the  third  ground 
sucker  plants.  In  a  good  season,  the 
first  yield  of  tobacco  is  so  good  that  it 
is  a  shame  to  waste  anj'  original  plants 
by  letting  them  go  to  seed,  and  in  a 
poor  season,  when  the  farmer  has  a 
light  crop  anyway,  he  reasons  that  it 
would  be  too  bad  to  still  further  cut 
down  the  yield  by  saving  the  first 
I)lants  for  seed. 

So  each  year  he  gets  seed  of  puorer 
vitality,  and  mirst  save  tremendous 
quantities  to  be  sure  of  having  enough 
sprout. 

Harvesting    in    Florida 

Florida  farmers  are  now  cutting  the 
new  tobacco  crop.  In  Gadsden  County, 
five  crops  were  reported  sold  recently, 
sun-grown  tobacco  bringing  15  cents 
per  pound.  Tent  tobacco  is  said  to  be 
promising,  Sumatra  showing  fine 
leaves  15  to  28  inches  long.  Generally 
the  inO-1  sun-grown  crop  appears  to  be 
first-class,  free  from  worms  and  of  fine 
texture. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


vSHaded  Vegetation 

studies    on    tKe    E^ffect    of    Depriving    Plants    of 

tKe  Lig'Ht 


ALONG  with  the  growing  of  to- 
bacco r.n<let  shade,  with  its  in- 
teresting phenomena  and  improved 
leaf,  the  study  of  the  effect  of  shade  on 
other  varieties  of  vegetation  is  t.eing 
followed. 

Daniel  T.  MacDougal,  secretary  of 
the  Botanical  Society  of  America, 
writes  in  The  Twentieth  Century 
Home  that  the  green  pigment  of 
plants,  chlorophyl,  acts  as  a  screen,  or 
converter,  for  absorbing  energy  from 
the  rays  of  the  siiu;  the  chief  purpose 
of  the  leaves  is  to  bold  this  absorbing 
material  in  a  jjosition  where  its  woik 
may  be  performed  to  best  advantage. 
The  myriad  fashions  of  foliage  are,  in 
fact,  one  and  all  simply  solar  engines, 
each  adapted  to  the  particular  plant  of 
vi^hich  it  forms  a  part,  and  adapted  to 
its  tasks  as  a  steam-engine  may  be 
modified  to  meet  special  demands  upon 
its  services. 

As  one  sits  in  the  delicious  shade  of 
a  maple  tree  to  avoid  the  heat  of  the 
July  sun.  he  may  know  that  the  fierce 
rays  from  which  he  is  protected  by  the 
leafage  above  him  ai-e  not  only  pre- 
vented from  reaching  him  by  the  inter- 
posed foliage,  but  are  actually  being 
absorbed  and  their  energy  used  by  the 
cells  containing  the  green  color. 
Ninetv-eight  units  of  every  hundred 
received  are  consumed  in  lifting  water 
from  the  extremities  of  the  roots,  deep 
in  the  soil,  to  the  crown  of  the  tree, 
and  it  will  be  evident  that  a  large 
amount  of  force  is  needed  for  this  pur- 
pose when  it  is  remembered  that  an 
oak  pumps  four  or  five  hundred  pounds 
of  water  up  a  hundred  feet  to  its 
branches  during  the  course  of  a  sum- 
mer's day. 

Perhaps  the  most  iujportant  work, 
however,  is  that  accomplished  by  the 
remaining  two  units  of  energy,  which 
are  utilized  in  the  manufacture  of 
food  in  the  chemical  laboratories  of 
the  leaf.  Some  of  the  necessary  ingre- 
dients are  brought  up  in  the  stream  of 
sap,  and  others  are  taken  from  the  air. 
These  crude  materials  are  in  an  ele- 
mental condition  and  do  not  unite 
readily,  but  when  brought  together  in 
the  crucible  of  the  cell,  and  then  trans- 
ferred to  actively  growing  parts,  or  to 
strange  cells,  they  are  blended  into  sub- 
stances that  can  be  assimilated. 

By  the  law  of  living  things,  imper- 
fection and  deterioration  follow  disuse. 
Deprive  a  green  plant  of  light,  and  all 
of  the  organs  concerned  in  the  work 
ordinarily  carried  on  by  the  energy 
ilerived  from  its  radiations  fail  to  de- 
velop in  the  normal  manner. 

It  the  plant  has  no  reserve  supply  of 
food  in  the  form  of  starch  or  sugar,  it 
will  starve  quickly,  or  before  any 
marked  dill'erences  in  its  organs  may  lie 
detected.  If  a  store  of  food  that  may 
be  drawn  upon  is  at    hand,  life  may  be 


continued  for  weeks,  months  or  even 
years  without  the  benefit  of  the  use  of 
the  solar  leaf  engines.  Invert  a  cask 
or  box  over  sprouting  seeds  or  tubers 
in  a  dark  cellar,  and  the  most  gi'otes- 
(lue  forms  of  leaves  and  stems  ensue. 
Food-material  of  sufficient  volume  to 
build  up  a  dozen  sets  of  leaves  may  be 
present,  yet  the  foliar  organs  will  be 
widely  different  from  the  customary 
forms,  and  the  most  expert  botanist 
will  fail  to  identify  some  of  the  com- 
mon species  when  treated  in  this 
manner. 

Light,  in  fact,  sustains  manifold 
relations  to  vegetation  It  furnishes 
energy  for  the  operations  of  the  plant, 
but  bey(md  this  it  exercises  a  more 
elusive  influence  on  the  construction  of 
the  various  parts.  The  conditions  of 
moisture  and  temjierature  may  be^^ex- 
actly  suitable,  food-material  mayj^be 
available  in  ample  quantity,  yet  the 
various  parts  of  the  stems,  roots, 
leaves  and  flowers  fail  to  reach  full 
construction.  In  other  words,  light 
exercises  a  stimulative  effect  upon 
plant.  It  bears  no  direct  share  in  the 
formation  of  the  tissues,  yet  the  gentle 
glow  of  its  rays  acts  as  a  signal  setting 
the  agericies  of  construction  in  opera- 
tion, as  the  spark  that  sets  fire  to  the 
charge  of  gunpowder,  or  the  touch  of 
the  button  that  releases  the  electric 
current.  This  becomes  readily  appar- 
ent if  an  examination  is  made  of  plants 
that  have  been  compell'^c  to  carry  out 
their  growth  in  complete  darkness. 

In  the  first  place,  the  universal  green 
color,  which  is  of  such  basal  impor- 
tance, is  lacking  in  all  except  some 
ferns  and  conifers.  These  exceptions 
in  themselves  perfect  the  demonstra- 
tion sought,  since  it  is  thus  shown  that 
the  actual  participation  of  light  is  not 
nece.ssary  to  enable  the  plant  to  con- 
struct green  pigment,  which  in  most 
species  does  not  appear  until  the  signal 
for  its  use  has  been  given  V;y  the  pene- 
trating rays  of  daylight.  Another 
illustration  of  the  same  character  is 
offered  in  the  roots  of  plants  grown  in 
darkness,  these  organs  being  far  below 
the  normal  in  development. 

The  most  stfiking  departures  are 
shown  by  stems  and  leaves,  a  result 
that  might  well  be  expected,  since  the 
general  form  of  every  plant  is  deter- 
mined by  the  light  to  which  it  is 
exposed.  Climbing  plants,  such  as  the 
morning-glory,  produce  long  pale 
stems,  utteily  incapable  of  clinging  to 
supports.  Succulents  such  as  cacti 
and  the  houseleek  produce  attenuated 
stems  quite  unlike  those  usually  seen. 
An  aster  growing  from  a  perennial 
rootstock  in  darkness  shows  a  translu- 
cent fragile  stem,  with  long-stalked, 
small-bladed  leaves  held  almost  up- 
right, and  bearing  a  coating  of  the 
most  delicate  hairs   that    glisten    when 


Potash  Fills  the 
Grain  Sacks 

I'otash  is  a  necessary  nourish- 
ment for  grain  and  all  other  crops. 
Write  to-day  for  our  valuable 
books   on    "Fertilization" — full   of 
information  that  ,-vcry  farmer  should 
possess — sent  free  to  applicants. 

GERMAN   KAl  1  WORKS 

93  Nassau  Street  New  York 


APPARATUS  Of  all  kinds, 

of  large  or  small  capacliy, 
Mounted  &  Portable  Outfits. 

Send  for  .yjecial  Catalogiir. 


PUMPS 


For  Fac- 
tories or 
Private 
Use. 


FAIRBANKS-MORSE 

Gasoline  Engines 

fliiin  1;,  tt,  7.",  Horsf  I'ower  fi;ir  all  service.s. 

Special  Pumping  Engines m 

PULLEYS,  SHAFTING  AND  BELTING 

for  Power  Ei|uipiiKMit  of  Factories  ami  Mills. 

WINDMILLS,  TANKS 

AND  TOWERS, 

Pipe,  Fittings  and  Hose. 

In  writing  for  Catalogue  please  si)ecifjMvhicb 
one  you  want. 
We  make  a  specialty  of  Water  Supply  Out- 
fits for  Country  Estates. 

CHARLES  J.  JAGER  COMPAN\, 

174  HIGH  ST.,  BOSTON,  MASS. 


brought  into  the  light  as  if  made  from 
spun  glass.  Seedlings  of  oak  semi  up 
thin  rodlike  stems  several  times  the 
normal  length,  a  behavior  that  might 
enable  a  plantlet  to  reach  light  and  air 
if  buried  deepl}'  under  soil  or  debris  at 
the  time  of  sprouting. 

Leaves  make  an  exaggerated  growth 
of  the  stalks  or  petioles,  but  the  l)lades 
scarcely  grow  at  all  except  in  long, 
flattenefl  types,  such  as  the  narcissus, 
which  may  rtach  a  length  two  or  three 
times  the  ordinary,  but  with  a  reduced 
width.  A  flower  has  a  complex  arrange 
inent  of  delicate  ti.ssues.  and  a  plant 
does  not  perfect  the  minute  paits  un- 
less stimulated  to  do  so  by  the  action 
of  light.  The  colors,  however,  which 
are  such  an  important  feature  in  their 
attiactiveness  to  the  human  eye,  are 
produced    regardless    of    illumination. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


THE    BEST    YET    MADE 


The  Fairbanks 
Gasolene  Engine 

Is    the    most    powerful,    easiest    workiiig    and     easiest 
adjusted   engine  ever  made. 

Solid  and  substantial  in  construetion,  few  parts  and  no  waste  meial. 
Every  pound  has  work  to  do.  These  important  features  are  the 
e.xcuse  for  its  great  popularity.  L)o  not  place  your  order  for  a 
gasolene  engine  until  you  have  seen  and  investigated  the  "Fair- 
banks."    Correspondence  solicited. 


Specially  Designed  for 

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URPOSES 


The    Fairbanks    Company, 


314  (£b  316  Pearl  Street, 

Can  be  seen  in  operation  at  the  above  address 


Hartford,   Conn. 


New  York,  N.  Y. 

AUiany,  N.  Y. 
PhUartelphia.  Pa. 


tJaltimoie,  Md.  lUitl.Ui).  N.  Y 

New  Orleans,  La.  Montreal.  Que. 

Boston,  Ma.ss.  London,  E.  C. 

Syracuse,  N.  Y. 


Pittsbursf,  Pa. 
Vancouver,  B.  C.  • 
Toronto.  Ont. 


Such  plants  as  the  jack  in-tlie-pulpit 
show  a  stange  ami  uncanuy  beauty 
when  grown  in  ilarkness,  the  dviU 
green  of  the  stalks  and  spathes,  or  pul- 
pits, being  replaced  by  pearl  and  cream 
tints  on  which  the  markings  of  led  and 
purple  show  the  exijuisite  shadings  of 
an  orchid. 

All  of  these  differences  from  the  nor- 
mal are  the  direct  consequence  of  the 
lack  of  development  of  the  internal 
ti.ssues  of  the  plant.  Here,  again,  the 
failure  of  the  rays  of  light  to  signal 
"All  is  well  go  ahead,"  results  in  a 
lack  of  separationn  or  ditt'erentiation 
of  the  tissues  The  pith,  wood,  fibers, 
bark,  glands  and  ducts  are  not  clearly 
develo[ied,  and  the  massed  cells  com- 
posing the  shoots  from  which  these  tis- 
snts  .should  have  been  specialized 
remain  in  a  generalized,  or  embrj'onic, 
condition  with  very  thin  walls  and 
contain  a  com[iaratively  large  amount 
of  sap. 

The  la.st-named  feature  has  been 
taken  advantage  of  by  man  in  efforts  to 
iuctease  the  edibility  of  .some  economic 
plants,  since  the  lack  of  formation  of 
cellulose  and  fiber,  as  well  as  the  ac- 
companying reduction  of  the  ranker 
flavors,  renders  many  varieties  more 
attractive  as  food,  and  more  easily 
digestible.  The  blanching  of  celery  is 
a  partial  effect  of  this  kind,  the  stalks 
of  the  nearly  mature  plants  being 
drawn  together  and  held  in  this  posi- 
tion by  earth,  paper  or  boSrds.  Natu- 
rally   these    stems     spread    out     more 


obliquely  or  even  horizontally.  If 
allowed  to  reach  full  growth  without 
blanching,  the  flavor  of  even  the  best 
varieties  of  celery  is  very  strong,  per- 
haps uupleasant,  and  the  "stringiuess" 
is  often  very  marked. 

.Actual  Weight  Must  be  Invoiced 

A  coUectiir  makes  imiuiries  with  re- 
gard to  tobacco  received  by  a  manufac- 
turing concern  in  his  district,  and  de- 
sires to  be  informed  whether  actual 
weigbt  means  the  invoice  or  marked 
weight,  or  whether  it  means  the  actual 
weight  of  tbe  leaf  tobacco  after  a 
proper  reduction  has  heen  made  for 
the  water  contained  in  it.  He  was  in- 
formed that  the  actual  weight  of  a 
quantity  of  leaf  tobacco  received  on 
the  factory  premises  is  the  exact 
weight  of  the  tobacco  at  the  time  it  is 
receiveil,  without  reference  to  the 
(piantity  entered  in  the  invoice  or 
marked  on  the  outside  of  the  cases. 
That  when  leaf  is  packed  by  a  leaf 
dealer  he  marks  its  gross,  tare  and  net 
weight  on  the  outside  of  the  packages; 
that  the  weight  thus  shown  is  the 
marked  weight  and  is  presumed  to  be 
the  true  weight  at  the  time  of  pack- 
ing. For  the  purpose  of  identificatiou 
these  marks  usually  remain  unchanged 
and  the  package  is  billed  at  the  marked 
weight.  However,  at  the  time  tlie 
ca.se  reaches  the  manufacturer  some  of 
the  original  weight  has  been  lost  by 
evaporation  of  moisture.  If  the  case 
be  then    again  weighed  and  the  tare  be 


deducted  from  the  gross  the  actual 
weight  at  the  time  of  receipt  on  tbe 
factory  premises  will  be  ascertained, 
or  the  tobacco  can  be  removed  from 
the  package  and  weighed  to  ascertain 
the  actual  weight.  That  the  manu- 
facturer should  be  instructed  to  enter 
upon  their  l)ooks  the  exact  weight  of 
the  tobacco  and  other  material  by 
them. 

Mammoth    Storage    Plant 

A  contract  has  been  awarded  by  the 
American  Tobacco  Company  for  the 
erection  of  a  mammoth  storage  plant 
in  Richmond,  Virginia.  Work  has  al- 
ready begun  on  the  excavation. 

The  construction  will  be  somewhat 
peculiar,  and  along  new  lines,  especial- 
ly adapted  to  resisting  the  encroach- 
ment of  fire.  The  recent  fire  in  Dan- 
ville,destroying  several  million  pounds 
of  tobacco,  has  demonstrated  the  neces- 
sity of  more  adequate  protection  in  the 
storage  of  tobacco. 

The  plans  call  for 
ot  thirteen  separate 
aie  to  be  88x98  feet, 
feet.  There  will  be  fireproof  walls  be- 
tween the  buildings,  and  they  will  be 
only  one  story  in  height,  thus  giving  a 
method  of  construetion  which  will  as- 
sure the  greatest  amount  of  security. 
The  rate  of  fire  insurance  will  be  low. 
in  consequence. 

Richmond  will  be  nutde  the  center 
for  storage  for  the  southern  territoiy, 
and  it  may  be  that  manufacturing 
plants  will  follow. 


the   construction 

buildings;     eight 

and    five  SSxl04 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO     GROWER 


"^he  New  England 

Tobacco  Grower 


Published  monthly  by 
Tobacco    Grower  Publishing    Co. 

S3    Trumbull  street, 

Hartford  Fire  Insurance  Building 

Hartford,      Connecticut. 


Subscription,   One  Dollar  a  Year. 
Ten  Cents  a  Copy. 

Official  Journal  of  The  New  Eiig"latid 
Tobacco  Growers*  Association. 


PAUL      ACKER.LY.     Editor. 


Number  6. 


Entered  at  the   Hartford  Post-Office  as    Second 
Class  mail  matter. 


HARTFORD,    AUGUST,    1904. 

SPREJtD    OF  SHJtDE^GROlVING 

\^  MONG  the  most  important  fea- 
tnres  of  the  cigar  leaf  trade  of 
the  world  is  the  spread  of  shade-grow- 
ing, which  has  within  a  few  years  be- 
come a  factor  that  must  be  reckoned 
with  by  all  manufacturers  of  cigars 
and  all  dealers  in  leaf.  Each  season 
sees  an  increase  in  the  world's  area 
under  shade,  and  the  increase  in  the 
year  1904  is  .so  great  as  to  impress  even 
the  most  conservative  and  old-fashioned 
tobacco  man  wi^h  the  permanency  of 
this  new  institution,  and  with  the  fact 
that  cultivation  under  cloth  is  neces- 
sary to  the  production  of  the  very 
highest  grade  of  wrapper  for  cigars. 

On  American  soil  the  year  1S)04  sees 
an  increase  of  about  one  fourth  in  the 
acreage  under  shade,  and  in  Cuba  the 
increase  is  in  much  greater  propoition, 
■and  limited  more  liy  the  difficulties  of 
obtaining  labor  and  organizing  the 
plantations  than  by  any  othei  factor. 
The  standard  of  Cuban  leaf  has  been 
raised  by  the  cultivation  under  cloth, 
and  a  supply  of  wrapper  obtained  for 
the  Havana  manufacturers  that  is  not 
subject  to  so  many  ups  and  downs  as 
was  the  case  before  the  new  style  of 
cultivation  was  adopted. 

Altogether,  about  five  or  six  million 
dollars  is  invested  in  the  industry  of 
growing  tobacco  under  shade  in  the 
diffeient  localities,  a  striking  example 
of  the  spread  of  an  entirely  new  busi- 
ness. 

In  the  upbuilding  of  a  new  trade, 
there  are  discoveries  of  improved 
methods,  criticisms  of  ways  of  produc- 


ing and  of  marketing,  and  disagree- 
ments as  to  aims  sought  from  one 
season  to  another.  When  a  new 
article  is  produced,  even  of  pronounced 
superiority,  it  takes  time  to  establish 
avenues  of  marketing,  standards  of 
grading  and  of  prices,  and  the  differ- 
ent communities  engaged  in  shade- 
growing,  having  started  at  different 
times,  and  experienced  different  grow- 
ing seasons,  are  necessarily  going 
through  different  stages  of  develop- 
ment. 

With  regard  to  New  England:  the 
situation  in  some  respects  resembles 
the  time  of  the  discovery  that  a  fancy 
grade  of  wrapper  could  be  raised  in 
extensive  areas  of  the  Island  of  Suma- 
tra. With  the  aid  of  the  protective 
tariff,  a  home  marKet  for  New  England 
wrapper  has  been  maintained,  and  the 
industry  has  prospered,  the  growers 
having  meanwhile  made  efforts  from 
year  to  year  looking  to  the  lessening  of 
the  cost  of  production,  and  the  putting 
upon  the  market  of  better  goods,  with 
more  care  and  attention  to  types  and 
selection  and  warehou.se  handling. 

Today,  one  of  these  improved 
methods, — the  cultivation  under  cloth, 
— is  adopted  extensively  in  such  im- 
portant leaf  districts  as  those  of  Cuba, 
Porto  Rico  and  Florida.  The  produc- 
ti(m  of  the  high-class  and  expensive 
wrapper  obtained  by  growing  under 
cloth  is  likely  for  years  to  remain  a 
competitor  of  the  expensive  imported 
Sumatra  leaf,  rather  than  affect  the 
sale  of  the  outdoor  grown  tobacco  of 
the  New  England  towns.  Yet,  it  i  g 
unlike  the  New  Euglander  to  permit 
other  countries  and  other  states  to 
adopt  the  machinery  that  results  in  the 
production  of  the  finest  type  of  any 
particular  class  of  goods,  and  for  this 
reason  shade-growing  is  receiving  the 
closest  study  and'attention  on  the  part 
of  those  engaged  in  that  industry. 


SIGNLESS     BJiRMS 

"■pROM  Philadelphia  is  reported  a 
prize  photograph  contest  which 
has  the  peculiarity  of  admitting  only 
photographs  of  the  ugly  places  of  the 
earth.  According  to  the  announce- 
ment made  by  the  Ladies'  Home  Jour- 
nal, "prizes  of  |400  are  to  be  jiaid  for 
photographs  of  fences,  houses  barns  rr 
outbuildings,  covered  on  one  or  more 
sides  with  painted  advertisements  or 
paper,  or  of  fields  with  bill  or  bulletin 
boards,  and  these  photos  must  be  ac- 
companied liy  later  pictures  of  tlie 
same  scenes  minus  the  advertisements. 


"With  each  pair  of  pictures  submitted 
must  come  the  signed  guarantee  of  the 
owner  of  the  property,  stating  that 
advertising  will  be  permanently  kept 
off  the  building  or  land,  and  the  coun- 
ter signature  of  a  local  poster  is  also 
required.  Prizes  are  to  be  awarded  to 
photos  that  show  the  greatest  improve- 
ment in  the  landscape.  All  good  sets 
of  'before  and  after'  pictures  failing 
to  take  prizes  will  be  bought  at 
|15  a  set  " 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  the  owners  of 
the  few  tobacco  barns  in  New  England 
that  are  disfigured  with  advertising 
signs  will  take  part  in  this  contest.  If 
they  do,  the  few  dollars  they  may  have 
a  chance  to  win  will  not  be  anything 
compared  with  the  reward  in  the 
dignity  gained  for  the  farms  through 
the  removal  of  the  landscape  horrifiers. 
Clot',-ing  must  be  worn  and  soap  used 
in  New  England,  the  same  as  in  other 
places,  but  there  is  no  good  reason  why 
tobacco  barns  should  be  made  ugly  in 
their  behalf. 


Tobacco  Suit  Decided 

In  the  Supreme  Court  in  New  York, 
a  verdict  of  i$  1,300  has  been  rendered 
for  the  plaintiff  in  the  action  of  Oscar 
M.  Rothfuss,  of  Corning,  as  adminis- 
trator of  the  estate  of  John  M.  Burt, 
late  of  the  town  of  Corning,  against 
Joseph  Myers'  Sons,  New  York  leaf 
tobacco  dealers. 

The  action  was  fur  damages  arising 
from  a  cortract  made  by  Mr.  Burt  to 
sell  to  the  defendants,  his  tobacco 
crop  of  1900.  The  defendants,  it  was 
alleged,  refused  to  accept  Mr.  Burt's 
crop  when  offered,  on  the  ground  that 
it  was  not  of  the  quality  they  had  ex- 
pected and  could  not  be  be  disposed  ijf 
except  at  a  lo.ss  if  purchased  at  the 
price  first  agreed  upon.  The  crop  was 
accordingly  sold  to  other  buyers  at  the 
then  market  price. 

The  firm  of  Joseph  Myers'  Sons  dur- 
ing the  season  named  had  contracts 
for  the  purchase  of  fourteen  other 
crops  of  tobacco  in  the  Chemung 
Valley,  and,  it  is  sail  they  refused  to 
accept  their  crops  when  offered,  and 
afterward  effected  a  settlement  with 
the  growers  except  in  the  case  of  Mr. 
Burt. 

The  Burt  estate  took  the  matter  to 
tlie  courts.  The  defendants  succeeded 
in  having  the  trial  of  the  case  held  in 
New  York  City;  but  the  plaintiff  got 
a  verdict  in  full  of  his  claim. 

Enfield 

Tobacco  IS  doing  nicely.  Tliere  are 
about  the  same  number  of  acres;  very 
little  increase. 

No  sales  of  lilOli  tobacco. 

James  Price  has  about  two  tons  of 
very  good  tobacco  in  cases  and  Waldo 
Belmar  has  about  10  ten  tons  ca.sed, 
extra  good  for  1903. 

Geo.  S.  Pakskns. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


9 


Assorting  vSHade-Grown 

Happy     Medium     Bet^veen     Tavo     Hxtreme 
Methods     of    AVareKousing 


Editor  Now  England  Tubacco  Grower: 

FROM  what  I  can  ascertain,  there 
is  likely  to  be  adopted  a  eonipro- 
luise  between  the  two  extreme  methods 
of  warehousing  shade-grown  tobacco, 
— between  the  one  idea  of  hasty  assort- 
ing before  sweating  and  the  cutting 
dcwn  of  expenses  to  the  last  possible 
cent,  and  the  other  idea  of  putting  in 
a  lot  of  time  and  money  in  meeting 
the  ideas  of  people  who  are  more  theo- 
retical than  practical. 

Leaf  tobacco,  particularly  the  high 
(jiiality  of  wrapper  raised  under  cloth, 
requires  to  be  cured,  sweat,  sized  and 
assorted,  and  put  in  bales  of  diffeient 
grades,  in  such  shape  as  to  make  it 
convenient  and  economical  for  the 
cigar  manufacturer  to  handle  it  in  his 
shop.  Any  further  embellishments  than 
this  are  uncalled-for,  and  it  is  out  of 
question  for  the  manufacturer  to  ex- 
pect that  the  grading  shall  be  carried 
to  such  a  point  that  he  can  take  a  cer- 
tain bale  of  tobacco,  make  it  up  in  to 
cigars,  and  put  those  cigars  into  one 
color  or  style  of  cigars.  Few  agricul- 
tural products  are  capable  of  as.sort- 
ment  into  distinctions  like  manufac- 
tured articles  composed  of  wood  or  iron, 
and  cigar  wrapper  is  not  one  of  the 
few.  The  woik,  the  success,  the  sKill, 
of  the  cigar-maker  comes  in  in  his 
ability  to  take  the  product  of  the  to- 
bacco field  and  combine  and  giade  it 
into  the  varieties  of  cigars  demanded 
by   a    fastidious  trade.     If    tobacco    is 


good  enougli  to  contain  these  dilferent 
grades  to  suit  tlie  different  tastes,  it 
has  an  individuality  of  leaf  put  there 
by  Nature,  and  the  cigar-maker  must 
do  his  share  of  the  work. 

On  the  other  hand,  I  do  not  agree 
with  those  who  put  forward  the  idea 
last  Fall  that  shade-grown  tobacco 
could  be  a.ssorted  before  it  was  put  in- 
to the  sweat.  I  think  that  when  the 
advocates  of  this  method  tried  to  put 
it  into  practice  they  found  that  they 
were  running  against  a  snag,  for  it  is 
actually  impossible  to  make  any  satis- 
factoi-y  kind  of  grading  until  the  colors 
have  been  at  least  somewhat  set  in  the 
bulk  sweat.  This  I  have  proved  by 
tests,  tagging  leaves  of  apparently  the 
same  class  and  then  finding  tliat  they 
had  entered  upon  entiely  distinct  paths 
of  knowledge  when  they  went  into  the 
sweat,  emerging  with  no  traces  of  rela- 
tionship. 

The  happy  medium  seems  to  be: 
Sweat  the  tobacco  in  bulk  enough  to 
set  the  colors,  and  then  put  on  just  as 
big  a  gang  of  assorters  as  30U  can,  and 
assort  the  tobacco  rapidly,  without  let- 
ting it  get  dry  in  the  handling-room. 
Then  put  it  in  cases  or  in  bales,  and 
finish  the  force-sweat  in  this  manner. 
Tlie  bale  makes  the  best  package;  there 
is  something  about  the  bale,  whether 
made  in  Cuban  or  Sumatra  st3'le,  that 
makes  it  especially  suited  for  a  leaf  to- 
bacco container.  The  Bales. 

Hartford,  July  30,  1904. 


Seized  Tobacco 

Concerning     Its     Sale     or     Destruction 
Governn\ent 


by     tHe 


ONE  of  the  matters  which  seems  to 
be  exciting  some  interest  in  the 
trade  in  ditterent  parts  of  the  country 
and  which  was  treated  on  at  a  recent 
meeting  of  the  National  Cigai  Leaf 
Board  of  Trade  at  Atlantic  City,  says 
the  United  States  Tob.tcco  Journal,  is 
the  destruction  by  the  government  of 
all  tobacco  or  manufactures  thereof 
seized  for  the  non-payment  of  revenues 
or  customs  taxes.  Such  tobacco  is 
now  sold,  and  under  the  law  as  it  now 
stands  the  Treasury  Department  is 
powerless  to  otherwise  dispose  of  it. 
Whatever  eft'ort  is  made  in  this  direc- 
tion must  be  made  before  Congress, 
which  alone  has  the  power  of  chang- 
ing the  present  law.  Not  only  does 
tne  law  provide  the  manner  in  which 
tobacco  and  all  otlier  mercliandise  ex- 
cept that  of  an  obscene  character  shall 
be  sold,  but  it  provides  the  manner  in 
which  the  proceeds  of  such  sale  shall 
be   disposed,  and    to  secure   such  a  de- 


sired change  the  care  should  be  taken 
to  cover   all  the  ground. 

As  the  law  now  stands,  when  prop- 
erty is  seized  for  the  non-payment  of 
customs  any  person  claiming  the  prop- 
erty may  file  his  claim  together  with  a 
bond.  Under  a  ruling  of  Assistant 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  Armstrong, 
tobacco  is  now  regarded  as  a  perish- 
able article  whether  manufactured  or 
unmanufactured  and  is'*sold  under 
Section  3,080  of  the  Revised  Statutes 
of  the  United  States.  This  provides 
that  "the  proceeds  of  such  sale  shall 
be  deposited  tq  the  credit  of  the 
Treasury  of  the  United  States,  subject, 
nevertheless,  to  the  payment  of  such 
claims  as  shall  be  pre.sented  within 
three  laonths  trom  the  day  of  .sale,  and 
allowed  by  the  secretary  of  the 
treasury. " 

Section  3,079  provides  that  no  appli- 
cation for  sucli  remission  or  restriction 
shall    be   made     within    three    mouths 


after  such  sale,  the  secretary  of  the 
treasury  shall  then  cause  the  proceeds 
of  such  sale  to  be  distributed  in  the 
same  inannei-  as  if  sucli  property  had 
been  condemned  and  sold  in  pursuance 
of  a  decree  of  a  competent  court.  As 
tlie  actual  expenses  in  connection  with 
the  seizure,  publication  ami  sale  are 
met  out  of  the  proceeds  of  such  sales, 
should  the  law  be  changed  so  as  to 
provide  for  the  destruction  of  tobacco 
some  provision  would  have  to  be  made 
for  the  payment^of  the  expenses. 

Ventilating    Patent    Expired 

Among  the  United  States  patents  re- 
cently expired  is  one  for  ventilating  a 
tobacco  curing  house,  granted  Nelson 
Bruette,  Jeflferson,  Wisconsin.  The  to- 
bacco curing  house  is  provided  at  each 
of  its  ends,  at  the  bottom  thereof,  with 
ventilating  doors;  and  just  inside  of 
the  building  adjacent  to  these  doors  are 
reversible  air-deflecting  plates,  where- 
by the  currents  of  air  may  be  directed 
upward  or  downward. 

The  house  is  also  provided  at  its  top 
with  a  rotable  turret  ventihitor  pro- 
vided with  suitable  vanes  and  air  di- 
recting devices  by  which  air  may  be 
drawn  in  through  the  turret  and  di- 
rected downward  or  drawn  from  the 
liouse  through  the  turret. 

Tali  Tobacco. 

A  tobacco  stalk  is'now  on  exhibition 
iu  Duiham,  N.;c.,  "which  beloi'gs  to 
W.  Brad.sear,  and  was  grown  on  his 
plantation  in  South  Carolina.  The 
plant  is  eighteen  feet  high  and  nearly 
two  inches  in  diameter  at  its  largest 
part  and  has  lfi3  leaves. 


Neiv  England  Tobacco 
Growers'    Association. 

President 
EDMUKD  HMLLMDMY,  Saf field.  Conn. 

Vice-President 

rUMDDEUS   GRJtVES,   Hatfield,   Mass. 

Secrel.ir^-  and   Treasurer 

PJiVL  MCKERLT,  RockvlUe,   Conn. 

Office 

S3    Trumbull    Street,     Hartford,    Conn. 


Directors. 

Wm.  F.  Andross,  South  Windsor,  Conn. 
Joseph  H.  Pierce,  Enfield,  Conn. 
M.  W.  Prisliie,   Southington,  Conn. 
William  S.  Pinney.^Suflield,  Conn. 
H.  W.  Alford,   Poquouock,  Conn. 
Colonel  E.  N.  Phelps,    Windsor,  Conn. 

B.  M.  Warner,    Hatfield,   Mass. 
F.  K.  Porter,  Hatfield,  Mass. 
Albert  Hurd,  North  Hadley,  Mass. 
J.  C.  Carl,  Hatfield,  Mass. 

C.  M.  Hubbard,  Sunderland,  Mass. 
W.  H.  Porter,  Agawam,   Mass. 
Lyman  A.  Ciafts,  East  Whately,  Mass. 
James  S    Forbes.  Buinside,  Conn. 
George  C.  Eno,   Simsbury,  Conn. 

W.  E.  Burbank,  Suffield.  Conn. 
E.G.  Hills,  South  wick,  Mass. 
James  Alorgan,   Hartford,  Conn. 
H.  Austin,  Suffield,   Conn. 
Charles  H.  Ashley,  Deerfield,  Mass 
H.  S.  Frye,  Poquouock,  Conn. 


w 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Tobacco  in  Kentucky 

Large    Grower  Says  It's  tHe  Best  Paying  Crop  in 

tHe   State 


««'T*OBAOCO  pays  lietter  tluui  any 
M.  other  ciop  a  fanner  can  grow,  " 
says  Jauies  Parrisli  of  Midway,  Wood- 
ford County,  Kentucky,  in  the  Ken- 
tucky Farmer  and  Breeder  of  June  2Vi. 
Mr.  Parrish  ought  to  know:  he  is  the 
largest  grower  in  the  state  and  has 
been  in  the  business  twenty  years. 
Beginning  in  a  modest  way,  Mr.  Par 
rish  has  acquired  a  farm  of  1,100 
acres,  and  grows  annually  from  l.TO  to 
200  acres  of  tobacco  His  acreage  last 
year  was  a  little  short  of  iOO  acres, 
which  he  sold  at  eleven  cents,  receiv- 
ing therefor  more  than  f  37,000.  Had 
he  held  back  his  crop  a  week  longer  he 
would  have  received  'i5  cents  or  more 
than  $75,000.  He  thinks  that  he  re 
ceived  a  fair  price,  however,  and  is 
not  inclined  to  grieve  over  what  might 
have  been. 

Mr.  Parrish  thinks  that  farmers  who 
say  tobacco  does  not  pay  don't  know 
how  to  grow  and  cure  it.  That  he 
has  learned  the  secret  is  evident  to  one 
looking  over  his  fields.  There  is  evi- 
dence of  thoroughness  and  care  even  in 
minute  details.  The  rows  are  straight 
as  an  arrow.  The  ground  is  in  perfect 
condition.  Not  a  plant  is  missing, 
and  each  looks  green  and  hardy.  There 
aie  no  spots  where  the  plants  look 
sickly  or  insufficiently  nourished. 

To  begin  with,  the  ground  is  good, 
and  Mr.  Parrish  sees  to  it  that  it  re- 
mains so.  After  each  crop  the  groirnd 
is  given  a  rest  of  five  years,  unless  the 
ground  is  virgin  soil,  in  which  case 
two  successive  crops  are  grown.  After 
the  crop  has  been  housed,  the  ground 
is  sown  in  wheat,  red  clover  and  or- 
chard grass.  Wheat  follows  tobacco 
well,  and  the  following  year  a  splendid 
crop  of  wheat  is  gathered.  The  second 
year  the  clover  and  oichard  yield  grass 
furnish  an  abundant  and  excellent 
pasture,  which  lasts  ten  months  out  of 
the  year. 

"If  the  ground  is  handled  right, 
and  given  the  proper  rotation  of 
crops."  said  Mr.  Parrish,  "I  can  truth- 
fully say  that  tobacco  impoverishes 
land  only  for  tobacco." 

On  the  farm  are  fourteen  large  to- 
bacco barns,  six  of  which  were  built 
last  year  at  a  cost  of  |1,460  each. 
Each  will  house  fourteen  acres  of  to- 
bacco. "The  amount  of  money  in- 
vested in  land  and  in  barns,  where  to- 
bacco is  grown,"  said  Mr.  Parrish, 
"are  about  equal.  If  a  man's  land 
costs  him  |100  an  acre,  his  barns,  etc., 
will  co.st  him  about  the  same  amount. " 
Mr.  Parrish  employs  white  labor  ex- 
clusively, finding  it  the  most  reliable, 
"in  fact,  the  only  labor,"  said  he.  He 
furnishes  the  land,  barns,  wagons  and 
teams  for  a  half  interest.  One  man 
can  tend  four  or  five  acres  of  crop,  un- 
til housing   time,  wl  en    more   are   re- 


(jnired. 

"I  know  of  no  better  way  for  a 
young  man  to  get  a  start  than  by  tend- 
ing tobacco  in  this  way.  Several  of  my 
lueu  had  over  *2, 000  for  their  sliare, 
above  the  cost  of  lahor  employed  by 
them  last  year.  I  know  of  no  other 
way  by  which  an  equal  sum  can  be 
made  with  the  same  amount  of  educa- 
tion and  e(iuipinent. " 

Mr.  Parrish  uses  the  tobacco  setting 
machines,  although  he  disagrees  with 
many  growers  as  to  the  results  ob- 
tained. He  holds  the  only  advantage 
to  consist  in  that  setting  may  be  done 
at  any  time,  without  waiting  for  a 
season.  Hand-set  plants,  he  thinks, 
start  more  quickly.  The  carefulness  of 
the  man  is  demonstrated  in  the  fact 
that  when  he  sets  tobacco  by  hand  the 
plants  and  rows  must  check.  With 
machine  this  is  impossible.  Few  farm- 
ers take  such  pants  even  with  hand-.set 
tobacco.  A  machine  sets  from  four  to 
five  acres  a  day. 

In  the  opinion  of  Mr.  Parrish  1,700 
to  1,800  pounds  an  acre  is  a  good  aver- 
age, and  he  says  that  eight  to  nine  cents 
is  an  average  pric3.  On  one  hundred 
acres  of  his  ground,  which  was  virgin 
soil,  he  averaged  2,200  pounds  to  an 
acre,  which  was  a  remarkable  yield.  He 
uses  what  is  known  as  the  Ellis  seed. 

In  the  housing  of  tobacco  as  much 
care,  and  perhaps  more  skill  are  re- 
quired than  in  growing  the  crop.  If 
ciowded.  the  crop  will  sweat  and  snmt 
and  become  materially  damaged.  As 
the  jjrice  of  the  crop  depends  upon  the 
(luality  the  profits  of  a  year's  labor 
may  be  lost  in  a  few  days. 

Jt    Tobacco    Legend 

An  ethnologist  tells  an  interesting 
story  as  to  how  tobacco  was  first  ob- 
tained by  man,  according  to  the  tradi- 
tions of  the  Menominee  Indians: 

"One  day  the  god  hero,  Manabozo, 
was  on  a  jouiney,  when  he  perceived  a 
delightful  odor.  It  seemed  to  come 
from  a  crevice  in  the  clitt's  high  up  on 
a  mountain  side.  On  going  closer  he 
found  a  tavern  which  was  occupied  by 
a  giant.  In  fact,  the  giant  was  the 
tenant  of  the  mountain,  and  fiom  the 
mouth  of  the  cave  a  passage  led  down 
into  the  very  center  of  the  hill,  where 
there  was  a  large  chamber.  Around 
the  chamber  were  stacked  great  quanti- 
ties of  l)ags  filled  with  curious  dried 
leaves.  From  the  leaves  proceeded 
the  delicions  fragrance. 

"These  leaves  were  tobacco.  Once 
a  year,  the  giant  explained,  all  of  the 
spii'its  came  to  the  mountain  for  the 
purpose  of  smoking  this  cxcinisite 
leaf.  But  it  was  not  possible  to  give 
any  of  it  away,"  said  the  ethnologist. 
"Nevertheless  Manbozo  watched  for 
an    opportunity  and,  snatching    up  one 


of  the  bags,  tied,  closely  pursued  by 
the  giant.  The  thief  leaped  from  peak 
to  peak,  but  the  giant  followed  so  fast 
as  to  finally  overtake  him.  So  Mana- 
bozo turned  upon  him  and,  upbraiding 
him  for  his  stinginess,  transformed  him 
into  a  grasshopper. 

"That  is  the  reason  why  the  grass- 
hopper is  always  chewing  tobacco. 
Manabozo  took  the  bagful  of  leaves 
and  distributed  them  among  his 
friends,  the  ancestors  of  the  Indians  of 
today.  Since  then  they  have  had  the 
u.se  and  enjoyment  of  the  plant."  , 

Cut  Cigar  Wrappers 

A  dealer  in  leaf  tobacco  asks  to  be 
informed  whether,  as  a  registered 
dealer  in  leaf  tobacco,  he  would  be  per- 
mitted to  furnish  cigar  manufacturers 
with  cut  cigar  wrappers  all  ready  for 
use  in  the  wrapping  of  cigars.  The 
applicant  v^ns  advised  that  the  cutting 
or  preparing  of  leaf  tobacco  tor  cigars 
as  proposed  by  him  would  constitute 
him  a  manufacturer  of  tobacco,  and  he 
would  be  required  to  qualify  as  such, 
and  pay  a  tax  of  six  cents  per  pound 
on  the  tobacco  so  sold:  that  he  would 
also  be  required  to  put  the  tobacco  up 
in  statutory  packages  conformable  to 
law  and  regulations:  that  dealers  in 
leaf  tobacco  are  permitted  to  steuv 
their  tobacco  and  sell  it  to  manufac- 
turers of  cigars:  but  to  cut  it  into 
wrappers  all  ready  for  use,  or  other- 
wise prepare  it  for  use,  is  beyond  the 
scope  of  the  law  and  cannot  be  autho- 
rized. 

Weymouth 

Frank  Blaney  has  one  of  the  best 
pieces  of  field  corn  in  town,  also  three 
acres  of  handsome  seed  tol)acco. 


Xti' 


See  the  Point? 

Should  flames  consume  your 
money,  loss  is  certain. 

Let  fire  destroy  your  check 
book  and  your  money  is  still 
safe,  if  in  the  Bank. 

Why  not  see  our  cashier 
about  opening  a  checking  ac- 
count ?  He  will  gladly  explain 
anything  you  do  not  under- 
stand. 

An^erican  National  Bank. 


Joseph  H  king,  ,  _.  ^'i 

cn^°SAu..  803  Main  Street. 


I  J  Dn-ON. 
Cashier 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


n 


Sumatra  Scarce 

Amsterdam,    July  11,   1904. 

Having  wired  you  regiirding  the  in- 
scription on  the  eighth  inst.,  I  give 
you  today  a  few  more  iiarticulars. 

Aujeriea  secured  about  1,000  bales 
in  spite  of  the  limited  quantity  that 
this  sale  seemed  to  otter  for  the  Ameri- 
can market.  Only  a  few  marks  could 
be  called  fair  lots,  as  the  bulk  was  far 
below  the  medium,  and  the  large 
quantity  America  secured  out  of  such 
offerings  illu.strated  better  than  any- 
thing else  the  anxiety  to  get  more  of 
the  new  crop. 

Considering  the  next  sali^  will  not 
take  place  before  the  12th  of  Septem- 
ber, fully  two  months  hence,  Ameri- 
cans were  more  willing  to  buy,  espec- 
ially as  they  were  soon  to  return  home. 

The  general  belief  before  the  sale 
was  that  tins  inscription  would  bring 
quite  a  large  number  of  good  marks 
and  some  really  good  tobaccos,  as  there 
was  a  strong  demand  for  better  goods 
all  round,  especially  for  America.  In 
this  supposition  the  trade  was  badly 
disappointed,  the  otterings  being  by 
far  the  worst  of  the  entire  year,  and 
little  hope  is  left  that  the  fall  inscrip- 
tions will  bring  any  tobacco  above 
medium  grade.  Indeed,  we  must  hjok 
forward  to  very  limited  quantities  of 
suitable  goods,  and  be  prepared  to  see 
only  tobaccos  below  the  medium  grade 
and  probably  unsuitable  for  the  Ameri- 
can market.  The  fall  inscriptions  in 
the  last  three  years  have  brought  very 
small  quantities  of  suital)le  goods,  but 
for  the  present  year  the  outlook  with 
reference  to  American  wants  is  poorer 
than  ever. 

The  amount  of  .Sumatra  purclia.sable 
this  year  for  America  will  therefore 
probably  fall  short  of  other  years,  and 
we  shall  not  be  surprised  if  this  will 
have  a  stimulating  eftect  upim  the 
liusiness  in  America  before  long.  -New 
York  Tobacco  Leaf. 

U.    S.     Tobacco     Jtssociation 

The  fourth  annual  convention  of  the 
Tobacco  Association  of  the  United 
States  was  held  at  Newport  News.Va. , 
July  .'5,  with  alxmt  sixty  delegates 
present.  Resolutions  were  adoi)ted 
protesting  against  the  retrcjactive  tar- 
ift'  on  stripped  tobacco  proposed  by  the 
English  chancellor  of  the  exchequer, 
and  additional  steps  were  taken  to 
u:ake  a  more  vigorous  protest  against 
the  tax.  The  parcels  post  was  in- 
dorsed and  will  be  urged  for  passage 
by  the  association  at  the  next  session 
of  Congress.  The  following  officers  of 
the  association  were  elected:  Presi- 
dent, T.  M.  Carrington,  of  Richmond 
(fifth  term);  vice-president,  W.  L. 
Petty,  Rocky  Mount,  N.  (J.  The  sec- 
retary of  the  association  will  be  desig- 
nated by  the  board  of  governors. 

Tobacco  Manufactures  Exported 

The  total  value  of  tobacco  manufac- 
tures exported  for  the  eleven  months 
of  the  fi.scal  year  ending  May  31.  U)04, 
amounted  to  |4,(i;H,  180.  For  the  same 
period  in  I'.IOO,  |.l,,'54a,23iJ,  showing  a 
decrease  for  1904  of  |908,20:3. 


3- 


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THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Siamese  Tobacco  j 


Not     Well     Known     in     Eu.rope     AltKous*^ 
Popular     in     Siam 


J 


ALTHOUGH    it    is   said    thiit    the 
article  is   not   very  well  known 
on  the  markets  of  Europe,   Siamese  to- 
bacco is   extremely    popular    in    Siam, 
and  is  produced    in    every    province  of 
the  kingdom.     In  Bangkok  alone  there 
are  about  a  hundred  tobacco    factories, 
all  in  working  order.       The  great  bulk 
of     the   consumers    are    Siamese,    and 
most  of  the  cigarettes  are  made  to  suit 
their  taste.     The   typical    buiee    is    as 
thick    as    an     ordinary    walking    stick 
and  as  long  as  a  very  long  Manila.      In 
Siam  smoking    before  the    king  is   not 
prohibited,  and  Siamese  children  of  any 
age  may  smoke  in  the  presence  of  their 
parents.   In  so  far  as  the  great  tobacco 
question  goes,  Siam    would  be  without 
doul)t  an  ideal  country  for  the  average 
school-boy      The  sister   of   a    Siamese 
boy  never  complains   of  "those   horrid 
cigars"— because     she     smokes     them 
herself. 

In  speaking  of  the  manufacture  of 
cigars  in  Siam  there  is  no  reason  for 
using  the  word  "factory."  The  busi- 
ness is  carried  on  in  quite  a  family 
way,  generally  in  the  largest  room  in 
the  proprietor's  house,  by  from  twelve 
to  fifty  women  and  young  girls.  A 
woman  can  generally  make  1,000 
cigarettes  a   day,  and  for    this  she  gets 


fifteen  tical<  pel  month.  Some  turn 
out  as  many  as  1,800  a  day  and  are 
piid  accordingly,  but  it  is  not  often 
they  can  do  so  much,  as  they  become 
intoxicated  by  handling  the  strong  to- 
bacco, mixed  as  it  sometimes  is  with 
opium,  etc.  Before  being  used  in 
cigarettes  the  leaf  is  carefully  chopped, 
and  a  little  pile  is  placed  on  a  large 
leaf  before  each  worker. 

Paper  is  never  used  in  these  cigar- 
ettes, being  considered  nnhealtliy  by 
the  Siamese,  and  its  phice  is  taken  by 
a  thin,  dried  film  stripped  off  young 
areca  nut  leaves,  or  by  a  dried  banana 
leaf  or  a  dried  tobacco  leaf.  The  buree 
is  made  in  exactly  the  same  way  in 
which  one  makes  the  cigaiette.  For 
some  reason  or  other  it  is  difficult  to 
keep  the  Siamese  buree  alight  for  any 
length  of  time,  and  every  smoker  iias 
always  two  boxes  of  matches  with  him 
— one  in  his  hand  and  one  in  his 
clothes,  and  the  quantity  of  matches 
which  the  Siamese  use  in  this  way  is 
very  great.  It  is  marvelous,  indeed, 
what  good  tobacco  one  sometimes  finds 
in  these  Siamese  burees,  considering 
what  little  care  is  taken  of  the  plant, 
and  it  is  clear  that  the  soil  of  Siam 
must  be  fairly  well  suited  for  growing 
tobacco. 


date  it  will  be  unnecessary  to  draw  the 
supply  of  low  grade  of  Cuban  tobacco 
from  Cuba,  as  it  is  expected  that  the 
Canary  Islands  will  furnish  all  that 
will  be  necessary.  Spain  has  always 
been  the  buyer  of  low  grades  of 
Remedios,  Partidos,  Vueltas  and  other 
kinds  in  the  Havana  maiket.  " 

'Broad  Brook 

The  tobacco    crop    is  looking    better 
than  at  this  time  last  year. 

Cut-worn s   are     not   bothering    the 
growers  very  much. 

Ralph  Lasbury    is  building  a    ware- 
house. 

The  acreage   is  just    about  the    same 
as  in  1903. 

J.  R.  KORRIS 


In  tHe  Canary  Islands 

Our     Consuls     Optimistic     View     of     tKe    Tobacco 

Industry 


UNITED  States  Consul  Solomon 
Berliner,  writing  from  Teneriffe, 
Canary  Islands,  gives  a  rather  optimis- 
tic view  of  the  future  of  the  tobacco 
industry  of  the  islands.  Mr.  Berliner 
says: 

"The  Spanish  government,  in  order 
to  help  the  farmers  who  grow  tobacco, 
has  compelled  the  tobacco  regie  in 
Spain  to  take  from  the  Canary  Islands 
every  year  for  the  next  four  years  220,- 
000  pounds.  At  present  the  crop 
amounts  to  about  182,000  pounds,  but 
more  will  be  planted  in  the  future.  It 
has  also  sent  an  experienced  horticul- 
turist to  see  to  the  cultivation  and 
what  improvements  can  be  made,  so 
that  Spain  at  some  future  day  may  be 
independent  of  Cuba  in  regard  to  cer- 
tain qualities  of  tobacco  that  are  at 
present  bought  there. 

"The  tobacco  will  only  be  bought 
from  the  growers,  and  none  will  be 
accepted  from  dealers  or  speculators. 
All  samples  will  be  transmitted  to 
Madrid,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
board  of  governors  of  the  tobacco  regie 
before  being  bought,  and  the  price  pai<l 
for  the  tobacco  will  be  the  same  as  the 


WANT  ADVERTISEMENTS. 


Advertisements  under  this  head  cost  one 
cent  a  word  each  lime;  no  a  Tertisement  taken 
for  less  than  twenty  cents:  cash  or  stamps 
must  accompnnv  orders,  wliich  should  be  re- 
ceived by  the  25tli  of  tlie  month. 


WAXTED-riistributer  for  the  oiit|.ut  of  a 
•^maU  cifrar  factorv  mal<in<r  a  specialty  of  .$25 
and  S30  tfoods.  Bo.x  34,  Care  The  New  England 
Tobacco  tlntwer. 


WANTED-Si.\  cases  Connecticut  Rroadleaf 
Seconds.  State  price,  hicalily  where  irrown. 
and  state  where  g-oods  can  be  seen.  Ho,\  3(,, 
Care  The  New  England  Tobacco  (".rower. 


Wanted— Tobacco  Foreman: 

A  conipetciit  man.  who  thoroUL'hl>  under- 
stands Connecticut  tobacco,  to  taUe  full  chat^tje 
of  an  assortiiifT  shop,  and  who  is  familiar  with 
all  warehouse  work.  Must  understand  all  de- 
tails of  hatidlinfr  new  and  old  tobacco,  and  be 
familiar  with  overseeiuL' a  force  of  men.  A 
yearly  position  %vith  L^ood  salary,  to  ris.'-ht  man. 
Address  P.O.  Bo.\  Nu.  721).  Hartford,  Conn. 


ruling  price  paid  in  Havana  for  reme- 
dios tobaccos  at  the  time  those  crops 
get  to  the  market.  In  the  island  of  La 
Palma,  where  nearly  all  of  the  tobacco 
of  these  islands  is  raised,  fully  twenty 
per  cent,  of  the  male  population  have 
been  at  one  time  or  other  in  Cuba,  and 
have  worked  in  tobacco  plantations; 
they  have  always  been  regarded  in 
Cuba  as  their  lest  workers,  and  will, 
no  doubt  — having  now  the  protection 
of  the  government — stay  at  home  and 
go  in  for  tobacco  cultivation. 

I  may  remark,  as  I  have  bad  con- 
siderable experience  in  the  tobacco 
trade,  that  my  opinion  is  that  the 
ijuality  of  the  tobacco  grown  in  La 
Palma  is  far  better  than  the  Remedios 
of  Cuba:  and  all  that  is  necessary  is  to 
give  more  attention  and  care  to  the 
planting  and  cultivation,  as  well  as  to 
the  curing.  I  have  no  doubt  that  in 
years  to  come  it  will  compare  favorably 
with  the  famous  Vuelta  Abajo  crops. 
For  the  year  1904,  it  will  reduce  the 
export  of  Remedios  tobacco  from  Cuba 
to  Spain  about  1,600  to  2,000  bales, 
and  every  year  this  will  increase  with 
the  quantity  grown,  and  at  some  future 


Shade-Grown  Sumatra 
and  Shade-Grown 
Cuban  Wrappers 

FOR.  iALE  IN  OIIANTITIKI 
Ai  DEJ1R.ED 

Write  for  Samples  and  Prices 

FOSTER 

Drawer  42.       Hartford,  Conn 


STUDIO 

1030     MAIN    ST.,     HAR.TFOR.D 

Leaain^  Artist  in  Photoe'raphy 
and  General  Portraiture. 

Onr  pliolosjrapbs  are  not  •'shade"  t't'own  but 
are  made  with  the  clearness  and  e.vact  likeness 
that  win  for  us  ]terniaenMit  customers.  We  are 
after  your  photoirrai>hic  trade  Studio,  I039 
Main  St.,  Opposite  Morgan  St. 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


13 


Tobacco   ill   RHodesia 


Every     Effort     Beirxg     Ma 
in     ttte 


de     to     Interest     Farmers 
Industry 


WITH  tlK'  view  of  creKting  an  in- 
dustry in  the  uiiiuufactiiie  of  a 
fjooil  class  of  tobacco,  for  whicli  theie 
is  sure  to  be  a  large  deriiaml  in  Soiifli 
Afiica,  every  elfort  ia  beiii;?  inaile  in 
Rlindpsia  to  induce  the  farmeis  to  take 
a  keen  interest  in  tobacco  cultivation, 
which  has  .so  far  proved  most  success- 
ful. The  be.st  kinds  of  seed  are  pro- 
vided, prizes  for  competition  are 
offered,  and  the  service  and  advice  of 
the  government  tobacco  expert  are 
placed  at  the  disposal  of  the  farmers. 

Not  only  in  the  country  itself  is  the 
inilustry  being  stimulated,  but  in  Eng- 
land also  steps  are  being  taken  vfith  a 
view  to  securing  a  market  for  Rho- 
desian  tobacco  as  soon  as  the  farmers 
are  able  to  send  it  to  the  factories  in 
sufficiently  large  quantities.  Earl 
(irey,  who  is  greatly  interested  in  es- 
tablishing trade  between  Rhodesia  and 
the  mother  country  is  devoting  special 
attention  to  this  branch  of  the  future 
e.xport  trade  of  Rhodesia.  He  has  re- 
cently been  visiting  the  tobacco  factory 
of  the  Co-operative  Wholesale  Society, 
Manchester,  where  he  exhibited  sam- 
ples of  Rhodesia  tobacco,  and  obtained 
information  from  the  manager  as  to 
the  best  leaf  for  the  British  maiket. 
The  Co-operative  Wholesale  Society 
has  promised  its  assistance  in  the  en- 
terprise. 

The  Rhodesia  Herald  (juotes  the 
oiiinion  of  experts  to  the  effect  that  an 
immense  tobaico  industry  is  in  store 
for  Rhodesia.  They  have  expiessed 
themselves  to  the  extent  of  predicting 
tliat  in  30  years'  time  South  Africa, 
with  Rhodesia  in  the  front  rank,  will 
command  the  supply  of  the  entire 
English  market.  However  lavish  they 
may  be  in  glowing  prophecies,  the 
present  outlook  seems  by  no  means 
cloudy.  8amples  of  Rhodesia  tobacco 
compare  favorably  with  the  best  grades 
of  the  America.i  article.  System  has 
been  the  secret  of  securing  for  the  lat- 
ter a  world  wide  reputation,  and  the 
building  up  of  an  industry  enormous 
in  its  proportions.  Central  houses 
were  established,  for  curing  and  pack- 
ing, and  these  protect  the  farmer,  free- 
ing him  from  the  agency  of  the 
middlemen,  and  turning  out  also  a 
product  of  uniform  quality.  An  in- 
creased acreage  in  Rliodesia  during 
the  season  19U4-.'J  will  demand  such  a 
system. 

The  tobacco  growers  aie  already  pre- 
paring the  soil  for  summer  planting, 
and  a  low  estimate  for  the  total  acre- 
age would  be  2,0U0,  which  would 
repre.sent  about  "2,000,000  pounds  of 
tobacco,  conditions  being  favorable. 
During  the  season  ]ust  past  there  were 
fully  100  tobacco  growers  in  Rhodesia, 
both  on  a  laige  and  small  scale. 
Farmers  need  have  no  anxiety  at  pres- 
ent in  regard  to  any    difficulty  in  mar- 


keting tlieir  pioduct,  for  cigaiette  to- 
bacco alone  is  imported  into  South 
Africa  to  the  extent  of  nearly  "j. 000.- 
000  pounds,  commanding  an  a  vet  age 
lirice  of  Bs.  (id.  per  pound. 

The  Palgrave  plantation,  near  Eekle- 
doorn,  has  sold  30,000  pounds  of  to- 
bacco at  a  wholesale  price  of  3s.  6d. 
per  pound,  amounting  to  13.5  pounds 
Iier  acre,  for  the  average  yield  was 
1,000  pounds  an  acre.  The  demand  far 
exceeded  the  supply.  A  Kimberly 
film  has  offered  to  take  1,000  pounds 
per  month.  As  regards  profits,  there 
is  no  comijarison  between  the  growing 
of  cereals  and  of  tobacco.  An  acre  ot 
tobacco  represents  anything  from  .50  to 
300  sovereigns  at  current  prices,  while 
for  an  acre  of  mealies  3  or  4  pounds 
would  be  a  fair  estimate,  though  the 
greater  cost  in  production  of  the 
former  must  be  taken  into  con.sidera- 
tion. 

It  will  be  safe  to  assume  that  the 
present  high  prices  are  not  a  fixture, 
and  that  tobacco,  as  well  as  any  othei 
agricultural  pursuit,  must  sooner  or 
later  strike  its  level,  and  it  will  be 
only  by  the  use  of  the  most  scientific 
methods  that  large  profits  will  be 
netted. 


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SAl-li    StF-AM      ICN'.INK 

WE  HANDLE  ENGINES 

OF  ALL  KINDS 

STEAM,  GAS,  GASOLE^•E  AND  OIL 

We're  als<»  Headiiuariers  fur 

EXTRAS 

For  All   Farm   Machinery 

Call  al  .318  Stale  St.,  Hartford.  Conn.,  or 

27  Lvnian  St.,  Sprinylield,  Mass. 

THE     B.     L.      BRAGG     CO. 

.Sp  ri  x\^fi  eld  »M  as  sacHu  setts 

^E^ervUiuig  lur  ihe  Farm'' 

JENKINS    &    BARKER, 

Snccessors  to  Col.  Charles  L.  Burdett, 

Patent  and  Trade  Mark  Causes. 
Solicitors  of  United  States  and   Foreig^n  Pat- 
ents, Desiyiis  and  Trade  Marks. 

FIRST  NATIONAL  BANK  BUILDING, 
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Try  a  package  and  see  for  yourself. 

SWIFT    PROVISION     COMPANY, 


19  John  Street, 


BOSTON,  MASS. 


J4 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


Climate    and    Plants 

Effect  of  Varioxxs  Temperatixres  and  Degrees  of 

Hvimidity 


DOMESTICATION  and   cultivation 
have  undoubteilly    caused    plants 
to  become  more  sensitive   to  the  causes 
of   variation    than    they    were  in  then- 
wild    state.     Plants   growing  wild  are 
obliged  to  contend  with  each  other  tor 
their  food    supply,  tl^eir   i^ioisture  and 
their    sunshine,    and    it     is    only     the 
stronger   and    more    favored    types    m 
each  locality  which   survive    and  flour- 
ish.    Domesticated      plants,    on      the 
other  hand,  are  given  every  advantage 
to  make  them  thrive.      We  till  and  en- 
rich   the     soil,    thereby    giving    them 
more  available  food  and    moisture,  we 
kill   oft    the    weeds   and    wild    plants, 
giving  them    full  possesion  of  the  soil, 
and  by  selection  we  increase  the  truit- 
fuluess  of   one  part    to  the  exclusion  ot 
strength    and     dominant     qualities    in 
another     part.     Under     such     caretul 
training      and      nursing     plants      are 
brought    to  a  much    higher   degree    ot 
development    and  economic    usefulness 
than  their    wild    neighbor.     But  after 
many  years  of   domestication  the  plant 
loses  a  great  deal  of   its  native  rugged- 
ness  and    develops  a   tendency   to  vary 
under    slight   provocation.     In     other 
words,  the   perfected    plant  or    animal 
which  is  accustomed    to  certain  condi- 
tions of  lite  will,  if  new  conditions  are 
substituted    for    the     old,    show    more 
marked    modifications  and    show  them 
sooner  than  the  plant   or  animal  m  the 
wild  state.     With  this  thought  in  mind 
some  of  the  profound  modifications  ex- 
erted  upon  plants   which  are   changed 
from  one   zone  to  another  do  not  seem 
quite  so  wonderful. 

Proofs  are  plentiful    that  our  domes- 
ticated plants  are   greatly  modified    by 
climate  in  order  to    meet  the  new  con- 
ditions under  which  they  are   brought. 
That  plants  do  become    acclimatized  is 
denied  by  some   on  the    grounds  that  a 
plant   indigenous   to  a    warm    climate 
never    becomes  hardy    enough  to  with- 
stand frost    as   well  as  a  plant    indige- 
nous to  a  cold  climate,  and  the  suscep- 
tibility of    Indian  corn  to  frost  is  cited 
as  an  example.     This  is  a  mere  wrang- 
ling over  the   definition    of   the    word 
acclimatize,  for  Indian    corn  has   been 
spread    over     an   enormous   area,    the 
northern  limit  of   its  growth   is    being 
advanced    every     few    years,    and    the 
time  required    for    maturity    has    been 
shortened  fully  one-half.       Early    ma- 
turing  qualities  of   vegetables,  and    m 
fact  of  all  economic  plants  are  soon  lost 
in  the  warmer  climes    and  longer    sea- 
sons of  the  Southern  .States,  and  north- 
ern grown   seeds   must    be    constantly 
introduced  if  these  qualities   are  to  be 
retained. 

Climate  modifies  plants  in  various 
ways,  chiefly,  however,  as  to  form, 
amount  of  leaf  surface,  color  of  flower 
and  fruits,  fruitfulness,  and  composi- 
tion. 


The  most  evident  effect  of  a  cold 
climate  upon  plants  is  dwarfing.  Corn 
grows  to  the  height  of  twelve  to  six- 
teen feet  in  the  south  and  gradually 
decreases  in  size  until  at  the  northern 
boundaries  of  the  United  States  and  in 
Canada  an  average  height  would  be  six 
feet,  while  some  of  the  "squaw"  corn 
varieties  are  not  more  than  four  feet. 

The  cabbage  plant  in  its  native  home 
the  "Jersey  Isles,"  often  grown  to  the 
height  of  sixteen  feet  and  is  woody  and 
tough.  The  different  forms  of  cabbage, 
snch  as  the  round  and  flat-headed  the 
cauliflower,  brussels  sprouts,  etc., have 
not  been  produced  by  selection  alone, 
but  also  by  variaticm  produced  by  cli- 
mate. Cabbage  varieties  are  exceeding- 
ly sensitive  to  climatic  conditions,  and 
different  seasons  will  often  produce 
such  variations  that  seed  growers  have 
to  be  very  careful  in  their  seed  selec- 
tion to  keep  varieties  true  to  type. 

The  change  in  size  of  such  fruit  trees 
as  the  apple,    cherry,  plum   and    peach 
and  of  some  of  the  conifers  is  also  very 
apparent  as    we    go  northward.     Corn 
grown  at  the  north  is  disposed  to  suck- 
er more  than  that  grown  at  the    south, 
due,  perhaps,  to  the  fact  that  the  main 
stem  is  more  liable  to   injury  than  the 
more   protected     part    under    ground, 
and  also  to  the    protection  which    sev- 
eral  stems    afford    one   another.     The 
spreading    and  flattening  of   the  top  is 
a  very  noticeable  modification  in  trees 
removed  from  warm  to   cold    climates. 
This  is  probably  due  to  the  weakening 
of  the  limbs  themselves,  and  an   effort 
put  forth  bv   the   pl.mt    to  protect    its 
lower  limbs   in    winter.       The   effects 
produced  upon  the    size   and    form    of 
plants  by  a  dry    soil    and    climate   are 
essentially  the  same  as  those  produced 
by  cold.     It  is  interesting  to  notice  the 
different  root-systems  of  trees  in  warm 
moist  climes  and    in  dry,  cold   climes. 
The  tree  which  lives  in  a  soil  saturated 
with  water  and  where   the    air   is  also 
moist,  produces  a  great  mass  of  fibrous 
surface   roots,    while    the   tree    whose 
habitat  is  a  dry  soil,  and    a  dry  or  cold 
climate,  adapts  itself  to   such    circum- 
stances by  producing  the  deep    taproot 
which  seeks  the  lower  water  levels. 

The  amount  of  leaf  surface  is  much 
larger  in  proportion  to  the  size  of  the 
plant  in  northern  grown  plants  than  in 
southern.  The  size  ot  the  leaf  is  also 
as  a  rule  larger.  Examples  are  fur- 
nished in  some  of  our  leguminosae, 
whose  leaves  are  considerably  larger  in 
this  State  than  in  Tennessee  and  Ken- 
tucky. The  leaves  of  apple  trees  vary 
considerably  in  size  between  the  north 
and  south,  the  largest  leaves  lieing  on 
the  northern  grown  trees.  This  in- 
crease in  amount  of  leaf  surface  and  m 
size  of  leaf  is  probably  due  to  the  fact 
that  the  growing  season  is  much  short- 
er at  the  north,  and  the  plant  develops 


large  and  numerous  leaves  in  order  to 
spread  out  as  much  leaf  surface  as 
possible  to  the  summer  sun,  thus  as- 
similating in  a  shelter  time  the  large 
amount  of  plant  food  necessary  to  a 
full  and  well-developed  fruit  crop. 

There  seems  to  be  a    general  impres- 
sion that    tropical    vegetation    is  more 
brilliant  in  color  than   northern,  but  a 
scientist  who  has  made  a  study  of  this 
matter  states  that  such    an  idea   is  en- 
tirely erroneous,  and  that,    con.^idering 
all  the  different  species  of  plants,  those 
having  gaily  colored  flowers    are    more 
abundant  in  the  temperate  zones   than 
in  the  tropics.     Some  authors  attribute 
this  brilliancy  of  the  flowers  to  climate 
while  others   attribute   it  to    a  natural 
selection    taking     place     through     the 
agency  of  insects.       Insects   are   much 
scarcer  in  the  temperate  zones    than  in 
the   tropics,    and    in    order   to   attract 
them  and  secure  fertilization   the  plant 
must  have  brighter    and   nrtire   showy 
flowers.     The  idea  of   insect    selection 
may  not    be   altogether  true,  however, 
for  increase  in  color   is  not  confined  to 
flowers   alone,  hut    is   seen   in   leaves, 
fruits  and  seeds. 

Many  of    the    plants    most    valuable 
to   mail    reach    their    highest    develop- 
ment  and    bring     forth    their    largest 
yields  in  our  northern  climates.   These 
same  plants,   too,    that   are    so   highly 
valued,  are  with  scarcely  an  exception 
not  indigenous  to   these    cold    regions, 
but  have   been    introduced   from  some 
milder  climate.     A  good  yield  of  corn, 
for  instance,  in  the  Southern    States  is 
e.stimated     at    twenty     to   twenty-five 
bushels     per   acre,    while    an    average 
yield  would  probably  be   about    seven- 
teen bushels.   An  average  yield  of  corn 
in  the  upper  Atlantic  States  may  safely 
be  put  at  thirty  bushels  per  acre,  while 
many   yields   of     seventy-five     to    100 
bushels     are   reported     every     season. 
Canadian  oats  yield  more  and  are  of   a 
better  quality  than  any  other  oats  grown 
in  this  country,  and   from  tuem  nearly 
all     our    best    brands   of    oatmeal    are 
made.     Northern  grown  grains  invari- 
ably weign  more   to   the    bushel   than 
southern,  and  the  oats  of   Scotland  are 
ten  to  fourteen  pounds   heavier    to  the 
bushel  than  the  legal  weight  here.  The 
wheat  of    our  cooler   climates,  while  it 
may   not    yield    any   more  to   the  acre 
than    the    southern    winter    wheats,  is 
far   more   valuable    from    the   miller  s 
.standpoint. 

Climate  affects  the  composition  of 
plants  in  so  many  ways  it  will  be  im- 
possible to  enumerate  many  of  them 
here.  It  may  be  stated  as  a  general 
rule  that  northern  climates  are  more 
favorable  to  the  production  of  a  larger 
per  cent  of  sugar  in  the  plant  than 
southern  climates.  Good  examples  ot 
this  tiuth  may  be  had  in  the  sugar 
beet,  and  in  sorghum,  both  of  which 
contain  larger  percentages  of  sugar  at 
the  northren  limits  of  their  growth 
than  they  do  in  the  south.  While  the 
finest  flavors  in  fruits  are  not  always 
produced  in  the  cooler,  more  northerly 
climates,  because  flavor  is  to  a  certain 
extent  dependent  upon  the  season  and 
he  amount  of   sunshine,  yet  the  fruits 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


15 


-Dm 
5 


LUTHRR  M.  CASE., 


WINSTED,   CONNECTICUT, 

Packer  and  Dealer  in 


Connecticut    Leaf  Tobacco. 
Shade    Grown  j^j^ 
Sumatra     in    Bales. 


Main  Warehouse  and  Office,    Pine  Meadow,  Conn. 


BRJIMCH    WJtREHOUSES. 

Souihvvick,  Mas.s.,-F-'renHni,  H.  L-  MUler. 

Kasi  CHii;ian.  Conn..— For.'niaii,  L-  F-  (irons. »ii 

llarkharnsiod.  Conn  ,— Foreman,  L.  A.  T,ee 

Norlli   H.illiL'l.l.  Mass.,-Fori'nian.  Willis  HnUlcn, 

New  Hartford.  Conn  .,  — Fori-inan,  Janu's.  Stewan  . 

SUMATRA^  PLANTATIONS: 


Pine   Meadow,  Conn., 25    Acres 

Barkhamsted,  Conn.,       ''20    Acres 

Southwick,  Mass.,      3     •    •    •    • 


zu    Acres    Kji'iiJ'' 
-15    Acres    W§,1 

Always  in  the  market  for  old  Tobacco  if  well 
assorted  and  packed.  ^  Havana  Seed  Wrap- 
pers a  specialty,  assorted  and  sized^'into 
ihirtv-two  g'rades.         ...... 


f^^mmmmmm^^m^imm  fm  mw  mm  m 


of  the  northeast,  north,  and  northwest 
sections  of  this  country,  and  of  the 
fruit  growing  districts  of  Canada  are, 
as  a  rule,  more  delicatelj-  flavored  than 
the  larger,  coarser  fruits  of  the  South- 
ern States.  The  composition  of  wheat 
is  affected  very  markedly  bv  climate. 
Chailfes  Darwin  stated  years  ago  that 
the  nitrogen  content  of  wheat  was  in- 
creased the  farther  north  it  was  grown, 
and  we  know  today  that  nowhere"  in 
the  world  is  wheat  grown  with  a  com- 
position so  nearly  perfect  for  bread- 
making  as  in  the  Ked  Riv^r  and  Sas- 
katchewan valleys.  The  new  Durum 
wheats  recently  introduced  into  this 
country  from  the  districts  about  the 
Mediterranean  are  very  hard  wheats, 
containing  a  high  percentage  of  gluten 
and  j'et  their  uread-making  qualities 
are  not  as  good  as  our  native  wheats. 
due,  probably  to  the  fact  that  the  or- 
ganic compounds  are  not  mixed  in  the 
proper  jffoportions  to  mase  good  bread. 
It  will  be  well,  however,  to  notice 
what  eilect  our  climate  has  upon  these 
wheats  in  the  future. 

One  of  the  most  remarkable  instan- 
ces known  of  the  effect  of  climate  upon 
plants  is  that  exemplified  in  spring  and 
winter  wheat.  Linnaeus,  the  great 
botanist,  clas.sified  these  as  two  dis- 
tinct species,  but  experiments  have 
proven  that  the  difference  is  only  tem- 
porary. A  French  experimenter  plant- 
ed lUO  seeds   of    winter    wheat    in    the 


spring,  and  out  of  this  number  four 
matured  and  produced  seeds.  These 
seed  were  sown  and  re-sown,  and  in 
the  .short  space  of  three  years  nearly 
all  the  plants  matured.  He  also  plant- 
ed spring  wheat  in  the  fall,  and  as  was 
expected,  the  frost  killed  nearly  all  the 
plants.  Enough  seeds  were  secured, 
however,  to  plant  again,  and  in  the 
course  of  a  few  years  a  permanent  va- 
riety of  winter  wheat  was  established. 
From  the  above  experiment  it  may  be 
seen  that  the  habits  of  growth  can  not 
be  very  firmly  fixed  in  wheat,  and  we 
can  infer  that  spring  and  winter 
wheats  trace  back  to  the  same  parent 
variety,  seeds  of  which  became  scat- 
tered into  different  climes,  causing  the 
progeny  to  assume  new  habits  of 
growth  in  order  to  survive. 

That  characteristics  and  modifica- 
tions produced  in  plants  hy  climate 
become  fixed  and  hereditary  is  un(iues- 
tionably  true, providing  the  progeny  be 
kept  in  the  same  environment.  Accli- 
matization is  of  necessity  a  rather  slow 
process,  and  during  the  process  some 
of  the  progeny  may  tend  to  revert  to 
original  forms  and  habits.—  Edward 
C.  Parker,  in  Farm  Life. 

Tariff    in     Panama    Zone 

A  recent  order  of  the  War  Depart- 
ment relative  to  tariffs  in  Panama  zone 
is  of  interest. 

It  is  as  follows:     "The    territory  of 


the  canal  zone  of  the  Isthmus  of  Pana- 
ma is  hereby  declared  open  to  com- 
merce of  all  nations  friendly.  All 
articles,  goods  and  wares,  not  included 
in  the  prohibited  list,  entering  at  the 
establishel  customs  ports,  will  be  ad- 
mitted upon  payment  of  such  customs 
duties  and  other  chaiges  as  are  in  force 
at  the  time  and  place  of  their  importa- 
tion. Goods  or  merchandise  entering 
the  canal  zone  from  ports  of  the  United 
States  or  insular  possessions  of  the 
United  States  shall  be  admitted  on  the 
same  terms  as  at  the  ports  of  the  states 
of  this  Union.'' 

This  rule  opens  up  a  territory  that 
will  be  prosperous,  as  soon  as  the 
digging  of  the  canal  is  actually  under 
way.  Many  thousand  men  will  be 
employed,  and  there  will  be  a  large 
consumption  of  tobacco. 

American  made  goods  will  be  ad- 
mitted free,  while  other  goods  will  be 
required  to  pay  the  rates  imposed  by 
the  Dinglev  tariff'. 


HEJtDQUJtRTERS  FOR 

TOBHGGO  mSDRflllGE 

F.  F.  SMALL  &  CO. 


95  Pearl  St.,   HERTFORD,    COKK. 
II  Fort  St.,  SPRINGFIELD,  MMSS. 


(6 


THE    NEW    ENGLAND    TOBACCO    GROWER 


^^■ 


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Interriational 
Tobacco  Cloth 


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^^^^HE   superiority  of  The  International 
^  1   M    Tobacco  Cloth  has  been  fully  dem- 
^■^^^    onstrated  in  the  field  4^  High-grade 
material  and  skilful    construction,  combined 
with  long  experience  in  manufacturing  this 
class  of  fabric,  accounts  for   the  superiority 
of  The  International  Tobacco  Cloth  <H  Made 
in   all    required   widths;    shipments   prompt 
and  complete. 

0^ 


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Forbes  (Sl  Wallace 

Springfield,  Mass.  ^  >?