Issued with the approval of the
Nigerian Government.
THE
NIGERIA
HANDBOOK
*
1919
LAGOS :
Printed by the Government Printer.
1919.
I
I
PATERSON, ZOCHONIS
AND COMPANY, LIMITED.
Registered in England.
WEST AFRICAN MERCHANTS
AND SHIPPERS.
All kinds of Produce bought.
PRINCIPAL BRANCHES.
Conakry, Sierra Leone, Sherbro, Monrovia, Grand
Bassa, Lagos, Calabar.
HEAD OFFICE:
42 Whitworth Street, Manchester.
LIVERPOOL OFFICE : MARSEILLES OFFICE :
11 Rumford Street. | 60 Rue Saint Ferreol,
NIGERIAN BRANCHES:
Abeokuta, Ibadan, Oyo, Oshogbo, Ilorin, Zaria, Kano,
Maidugeri, Port Harcourt, Aba, Umahia, Uzuakeli,
Atimbo, Newaniba, Ikpa.
S3
ore made by a Firm which
has been manufacturing
Rubber since the earliest
days of the industry.
Their World-wide repu-
tation is the outcome of
56 years' experience.
For Cycles
Motor Cycles
Motor Cars
Solid Band Tyres
For Commercial Vehicles.
All British Manufacture.
W. & A. BATES, Limited.
(ESTABLISHED 1863)
St. Mary's Mills, Leicester, England.
— —— — — "
Jurgens Colonial
Products, Ltd.
General M erchan ts ,
HEAD OFFICE :
74, Coleman Street,
London, E.C.2.
BRANCHES IN NIGERIA:
LAGOS.
No. 80, Marina, Itolo.
Telephone No. L 182. P.O. Box No. 521
Telegraphic Address : JuRCOLPRO.
KANO.
BUILDING MATERIAL.
G.GOTTSCHALCK
AND COMPANY, LAGOS.
WHEN INDENTING FOR
- PAINTS -
through the Crown Agents
remember to name
Red Hand Composition
- Company, Limited. -
Absolutely the Best Paints
for Iron Work.
Manchester, Birmingham.
Various South American
Cities, India,
etc., ETC.
HARDWARE
OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
Grace Brothers & Co.,
LIMITED.
144, LEADENHALL STREET,
LONDON.
LIVERPOOL MANCHESTER
MERCHANTS
IMPORTERS AND EXPORTERS
FINANCIAL, SHIPPING AND
GENERAL AGENTS
BRANCH HOUSES AND AGENCIES:
Africa — (West and South). Argentina, Australia, Bolivia,
Brazil, Canada, Central America, Ceylon, Chile, Colombia,
Cuba, Ecuador, France, India, Italy, Jamaica, Japan,
Mexico, Peru, Porto Rico, Portugal, Russia, Spain, Straits
Settlements, Sweden, United States, Venezuela.
British Products, Manufactures and General Merchan-
dise exported to all parts of the world. Products
and Manufactures of Foreign Countries imported
for distribution in Great Britain and for re-export.
F. G. OSBORNE— Agent, Nigeria.
ESTABLISHED 1868.
John Walkden & Co.
LIMITED,
General Merchants.
Registered Offices :
PRINCESS STREET, MANCHESTER.
Branches at
Lagos, Abeokuta, Ibadan, I!orin, Zaria,
Kano, Lokoja and Onitsha.
also at
Porto Novo, Cotonou, Whydah, Lome, Accra,
Conakry.
The Leading Firm in West Africa
for Cotton Goods.
PROVISIONS.
Place your Orders with the oldest and
most reliable Provision Merchants
in the Colony
Pickering &
Berthoud, Ltd.
Lagos.
Telegraphic Address :
PICKERING, 5| (Y/\G Telephone
Lagos. IjClHUDt No. 55.
We specialise for European Trade and
Up-Country Residents
Our large and varied stock combined with
prompt delivery will ensure satisfaction.
GENERAL OUTFITTERS.
J
BLACKSTOCK
AND COMPANY, LIMITED,
ASIA HOUSE, 82, PRINCESS STREET,
MANCHESTER.
SHIPPERS of all kinds of Cotton Piece
Goods, Yarn, Silk Handkerchiefs, Silk
Damask, Provisions, Hardware and every
description of Goods suitable for the West
African Markets.
Direct Correspondence Invited, or full particulars and all
information may be obtained from our Local Agencies.
Headquarters of Nigerian Representative : BALQGUN ST., LAGOS.
GOLD COAST „ ACCRA.
Cables " Radcliffe, Lagos,"
P.O. Box 317, Lagos.
John Radcliffe.
Jmpoct & Ejport flDercbant.
IMPORTER OF Domestics, Brocades, Fancies,
Silk Broche, Silk Damask, Silk Headties, Madras
H 'chiefs, Croydons, Bleached Shirtings, Striped
Shirtings, Suitings, Hats, Caps, Helmets, Cheap
Gilt and White Metal Jewellery, Laces, Allovers,
Biscuits, Rice, Pomades, Scents, etc., etc.
Clients indents accepted for all classes of goods
at the lowest market prices.
Large stocks held at 195 Bishop St.
and Bankole St. Stores.
LAGOS, NIGERIA.
Telephone:
"116 LAGOS.'
Telegrams :
"TAN LAGOS."
Tin Areas of Nigeria,
Limited,
MARINA, LAGOS.
IMPORTERS & EXPORTERS
Registered Offices :
1-4 Giltspur Street, London.
Branches at Abeokuta, Baro, Ebba,
Ibadan, Ibi, Kano, Katerigi,
Katclia, Lokoja, Minna, Zaria
and elsewhere in Northern and Southern Nigeria.
Lagos Agents for the following Mines : —
Kano (N) Tin Areas, Ltd., Kudaru.
Jos Tin Areas, Ltd., - - Jos.
Tin Areas Nigeria, Ltd., Mining, Jos.
Lower Bisichi Tin Mines, Ltd., Jos.
Bank of British West Africa,
Established 18 94.
Limited.
Bankers to the Governments of the Colonies of the Gambia, Sierra Leone,
the Gold Coast, and Nigeria.
Authorised Capital, £2,000,000.
Called-aip Capital - £580,000.
Subscribed Capital. £1,450,000.
.Reserve £237,500.
BANKERS :
Bank of England. London Joint Stock Bank, Ltd.. Parr's Bank. Ltd.
HEAD OFFICE:
17 and 18, Leadenhall Street. London. E. ('.:'>.
Telepranu and Cables: " A RREGLO,- lONDON."
Liverpool Office : West Africa House, 25, Water Street.
Telegrams and Cables " BULLION, LIVERPOOL"
Manchester Office: 106-108, Portland Street.
NEW YORK AGENCY: 6 WALL STREET.
BRANCHES:
Egypt— Alexandria Morocco—Casablanca. Saffi. Hazagan. Fez, Tangier,
Marrackech. Canary Islands— Las Talmas (Grand Canary). Gambia—
Bathurst. Sierra Leone-Fiwtown. Sberbro Liberia -Monrovia.
Gold Coast and Ashanti Accra, Axim. Cape Coast, Cooniassie, Koforidua,
Nsawam, Saltpond, Seccdndee, Tarquah, Winnebah. Togoland— Lome.
Nigeria Abedknta, ('alabar. Ebute Metta, b'orcados, Ibadan, Jos. Kaduna,
Lagos, l.okoja. Onitsba. Port Harcourt. Warri. Zaria. Fernado Po—
Santa Label. - ... ....
S. Thomas & Co.
African Qeneral ^Cerchants
Importers of all classes of Goods suitable for
Nigeria, and Shippers of all kinds of African
Produce to British and Foreign Markets,
the Hides and Raw Skins Trade
American Pitch Pine Timber
useful lengths and sizes for the
Building Trade.
Pioneers of
of Nigeria.
Stocked
in
Colonial Orders (accompanied by remittances) for Nigerian Products
receive prompt attention. Colonial Shoemakers are requested to make
a trial of our specially prepared African Sole Leather. We can
arrange to receive and forward Goods for Up-Country Residents and
Traders on the Railway area on receipt of deposits sufficient to pre-pay
all charges. Traders at Stations on the Railway area where we are
not represented are requested to correspond direct with our Head
Office on any matters upon which they require information with a view
to forming connections. All communications by post to be addressed
direct to the Firm at our Head Office :
1 Williams Street
Corner of Broad | rr^o
Street and Marina l-«<lgOS
and marked P.O. Box No. 5 1 5. Cables and Telegrams : Ekabo, Lagos.
Telephones : No. 88, Head Office. No. 3, Chief Produce Depot, Offin.
Our Customs and Shipping Agencies are well-staffed to meet the needs
of distant as well as local Clients in all Customs and Shipping matters.
Produce Warehouses on the Marina at Elegbata, Itolo, Offin and
Idumagbo.
Branches at Agege, Agbado, Agbesi, Alagada,
Abeokuta, Eruwa Road, Ikoko, Ifo, Itori, Isawo,
Ibadan, Ileigbo, Ikirun, Ilorin, Kano, Lafenwa,
Lalupon, Owowo, Opeji, Oiodo, Oshogbo.
Agency at Zaria and Factors at Iwo, Ede, and other Stations. With
the end of the War Branches will shortly be opened at the Tin Fields
and at Calabar and the Cameroons.
WE DO NOT TRADE IN SPIRITS.
C.M.S. Bookshop
(P. O. BOX 174)
Broad Street : : : Lagos
Vernacular Books in Yoruba, Hausa, Ibo, etc.
Literature.
British and Foreign Bible Society Depot.
Bibles, Prayer Books, Hymn Books and
Religious and General Literature.
Publications of all the Leading Publishers.
School Books and Stationery :
Publishers of
Simple Geography for West African Schools ;
Yoruba Readers and Copy Books ;
Nigerian Record Book and Diary of Lessons ;
Nigerian Readers, Primer I to Reader V ;
Geography of British West Africa ;
Handbook of English Grammar.
Office Stationery and Requisites.
Church and School Bells.
Agents in Nigeria for
The University Tutorial Press, Ltd.;
Henry Riley & Sons' Organs, Harmoniums and Pianos.
West African Agents for
The Hammond Multiplex Typewriter.
The National Portable Typewriter.
BRANCHES :
Ebute Metta, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Oshogbo, Ilesha,
Ijebu Ode, Shagamu, Benin City, and Bonny.
"THE LEADING PROVISION HOUSE.
i)
PROVISIONS of the Finest Quality at
Lowest Prices always obtainable from
G. B. Ollivant & Co.,
LIMITED,
Te,ePN°o"e,o9. ° LAGOS.
UP COUNTRY CLIENTS
Can always depend upon their orders receiving
Prompt attention. Packing and cases free.
"We can assure our Patrons of our Strict
Attention to their requirements, and every
effort is made to give complete satisfaction.
BRANCHES:—
Badagry, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Oshogbo, Oyo, Ilorin,
Zaria, Kano, Jos, Lome, and Port Harcourt.
Established 1888.
TJie Principal and Oldest Native Firm.
S. H. PEARSE
Head Office:
ELEPHANT HOUSE, LAGOS.
Telephone No. 57.
Telegram*: •• AWOBOH," LAGOS.
EXPORT MERCHANT
Dealer in all kinds of
WEST AFRICAN PRODUCE
. . ORDERS SOLICITED . .
36 Years' Experience in West African Produce
Trade,
Reference :
The Bank of British West Africa, Ltd.,
Lagos and London.
NIGERIA HANDBOOK,
1919.
7 he compile?* wiltbegtad to receive wfonhation <>/ any
trrors or omissions which man be discovered.
LAGOS
G. Gottschalck
and Company
AGENTS FOR
SWIFT
CYCLES
Manchester,
Birmingham.
Various South American Cities,
India, etc., etc.
The only Galvanised Iron Sheet
Firm
- - THE - -
COLONIAL BANK
Established in 1836.
Sanctioned by Royal 4 » BfiPlSHfciifl ffe- under the Authority
Charter and V*atfS==g£JS|JH*3&r of Parliament.
SUBSCRIBED CAPITAL . £3,000,000
PAID UP CAPITAL .... £900,000
RESERVE FUNDS .... £350,000
Head Office :— London, 29 Gracechurch St., E.C. 3.
New York Agency : — 22 William Street.
Agents in Canada, France, India,
and South Africa.
BRANCHES:
Manchester: — 21 York St. Liverpool: — 25 Castle St.
West Indies : — Barbados, Demerara, Jamaica,
Trinidad, and 25 other Branches.
West Africa : —
Nigeria : — Lagos, Ebute Metta, Ibadan, Zaria, Kano, Jos,
Onitsha and Port Harcourt.
Gold Coast : — Accra, Seccondee, and Winnebah.
Sierra Leone ; — Freetown.
Gambia : — Bathurst.
Senegal : — Dakar (Agency).
Other Branches shortly to be opened at all principal
Trading and Mining Centres in West Africa.
THE
NIGERIA HANDBOOK
Containing Statistical and General Information
respecting the Colony and Protectorate
Compiled by
A. C. BURNS
of the Central Secretary's Office, Lagos.
Second Issue
(the first issue was published in 1917).
This Handbook is not an official publication but is issued
with the approval of the Nigerian Government.
LAGOS :
Printed by the Government Printer.
1919.
DT
CORRIGENDA.
Page viii. It has recently been decided that from the 1st September,
1919, the standard time for Nigeria is to be one hour fast
on Greenwich Mean Time.
Page 38. Add after the 9th line : " The Commissioner of Lands,
Lagos, is the Registrar of Companies."
Page 69. Second paragraph : for " have " read " has.1'
Page 96. For the second footnote substitute " To come into force
on the 1st August. 1919." •
Page 128. Sixth paragraph : for " W. A. S. Hewins. Esq.." substitute
" Lieut. -Colonel L. C. S. Amery."
Page 194. For " 10th July " read " 24th July."
Supplement — Page iv, Lagos Town Council : delete the words
" (Vice-President).** " Commissioner of Lands, C. W.
Alexander,''"' Assistant Treasurer": and insert "Secretary,
Southern Provinces and Colony, (Vice-President),
Major IL C. Moorhouse, C.M.G., D.s.o."
Co-Operative Wholesale
Society, Ltd.,
MARINA, LAGOS, NIGERIA.
Head Office :
1 Balloon Street, Manchester.
For all kinds of High-Class
PROVISIONS,
COTTON and
FANCY GOODS
at LOWEST PRICES
compatible with quality.
Best Prices given for Produce.
BRANCHES IN SIERRA LEONE AT
Freetown, Blama, Comendi, Pendembu
and Makene.
Cables and Telegrams : Code :
"Alade," Lagos. A. B.C. 5th Edition.
L. A. Cardoso
23 Bamgboshe St.,
Lagos.
General Import and
Export Merchant.
Licensed Auctioneer.
Exporter of Cocoa.
600 Acre Farm Cocoa Specially
in Agege Cultivated and
District. prepared for Export.
CONTENTS.
Chaptbb. page.
1. Geographical and Historical I
2. Climate and Rainfall ... ... ... ... ... il
:». Population. Religion and Languages ... ... ... '.'
4. Constitution ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 12
5. Trade and Customs ... ... ... ... ... ... 17
(). Banking, Currency and Weights and Measures ... 39
7. Shipping. Ports and Internal Communications ... ... 42
X. Mines. Manufactures and Fisheries 52
'.>. Forestry, Agriculture and Live stock 58
10. Post Office, Telegraphs, and Savings Bank 66
11. Government Finances ... ... ... 69
12. Taxation 73
13. Law. Courts, Criminal Statistics, Police and Prisons ... si)
14. Education <l()
1"). Public Health, Sanitation, Hospitals, &c. .. ... 92
16. Towns and Municipalities ... ... ... ... ... 95
17. Land Tenure and Nati vc Administrations ... ... 10J
18. Nigeria and the War ; the Nigeria Regiment ... ... Ill")
19. Information for newly appointed Government Officers 1 111
20. Genera] Information ... ... ... ... ... ]-2\
21. Other West African Countries, and Institutions in
Lngland connected with Nigeria 12(1
VI,
A.PPENDIX. PAGE,
1. Extract from Census Report ol Southern Nigeria (1911)... !.">.'■
Table of Governors. High Commissioners. «vc. ... ... II.".
Trade Statistics 14!»
Information regarding the chief trading Firms in Nigeria H>l
Shipping Statistics ... ... ... ... |H(?
Extracts from Nigerian Railway Tariff ... ... ... 1*7
Mining Companies ... ... ... ... ... ... LiK)
s. Cable rates to other countries [\Y2
9. Index to Laws |;i|
SUPPLEMENT,
Members of Councils, Boards. &c
Civil Establishment
Practising Lawyers and Notaries Public
Practising Doctors (other than Government |
Principal Missionaries
Officers and Members of Chambers of Commerce am
Mines ...
Principal Agents of European Firms
Fares by steamers of Messrs. Elder Dempster & Co.
Ltd
Senior Officials of neighb< uring British Colonies...
in
\ i
\xxix
xl
xli
xliii
xlv
\1\ ii
\lviii
Index.
M.vi-.
WORLD-RENOWNED SINGER SEWING MACHINfcS"
u °
? 5
=> ^
It requires so little effort to operate that it almost
runs itself.
Use it for 3 months after you had it, if it does not
suit you, return it, and your money will be
promptly refunded without any argument.
CONTINUOUS SERVICE.
When you buy a Singer, you do so with the
positive assurance and guarantee that we are
furnishing all extra parts to replace those worn
out or broken.
We repair all Singer Machines free of charge.
Do not overlook this important feature.
Among our patrons is
His Excellency Sir Walter Egerton,
K.C.M.G.
Formerly Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Southern Nigeria.
When you think of Sewing .... think of —
DADA ADESHIGBIN & SONS,
Sole Importers, Singer Sewing Machines,
P.O. Box 17 1, Lagos, Nigeria.
Catalogue and Price-List will be forwarded on request.
B. Columbus Smith.
Head Office :
141, Fenchurch Street, London, E.C.3.
BRANCHES IN VARIOUS PLACES.
HIDES, SKINS
LEATHER - -
HORNS and - -
TROPICAL - -
PRODUCE - -
Consignments from approved firms
financed.
Terms upon application.
London Wharf :
Seal Wharf, Stratford, London, E.15.
Bankers :
London Joint City and Midland Bank, Limited.
Cables :
Colnina, London."
Codes :
A. B.C. 5th Edition and Liebers.
Telephone : Avenue, 3992-3.
Vll.
CALENDAR FOR 1919.
January
February
March
April
S M
T W
1
1- s
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8
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CALENDAR FOR 192G.
January
.
February
March
April
s
31
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Vlll.
Memoranda for the years
Ash Wednesday
Good Friday
Easter Sunday
Whit Sunday
First Sunday in Advent ...
11)19
March 5
April IS
April 20
June 8
November
1920
30
February 18
April 2
April 4
May 23
November 28
The year 1338 of the Mohammed an era begins on the
26tli September, 1919, and the year 1339 on the 15th
September, 1920.
Ramadan begins in 1919 on the 31st May, and in 1920
on t lie 19th May.
Accession of King George V May 6
Birthday of Queen Mary May 26
Birthday of King G eorge V June 3
Birthday of the Prince of Wales June 23
The following are Public Holidays in Nigeria : —
New Year's Day His Majesty's Birthday
(rood Friday The First Monday in August
Easter Monday Christmas Day
Empire Day (May 24th) Boxing Day.
If any of these days fall on Sunday, the day next
following, not being itself a Public Holiday, is a Public
Holiday in lieu thereof.
The meridian of longitude ' adopted for calculation
of standard time in Nigeria is 7°30' East. Nigerian
standard time is 30 minutes fast of Greenwich mean time.
New
Full
Moon.
Moon.
Eclipses visible is
July '
Nigeria.
/
•_'7
13
l'U'i (
August
September ...
25
24
11
10
A partial eclipse of the
Moon. 7th November,
October
November
2:5
22
7
L919.
.
December
22
i
An annular eclipse of the
Sun. 22nd November,
—
January
20
.)
L919.
February
19
.)
.March
in
4
2
•)
A total eelipse of the
Moon. 2nd May, 1020.
April
May
Is
17
June ...
16
1 &30
1920
July
ir>
30
August
13
29
September ...
12
27
October
11
27
November
K)
5
December
i»
CHAPTER I.
Geographical and Historical.
Geographical Position and Physical Features. — The
Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria is the largest of the
British West African possessions, its approximate area
being 335,700 square miles, or nearly three times that of
the United Kingdom.
It is bounded on the west and north by French
territory, on the northeast by Lake Chad, on the east by
the Cameroons, and on the south by the Gulf of Guinea.
The most southerly point of Nigeria (elose to Akassa) lies
rather more than 1}° north of the Equator, and the coast-
line from this point to the Cameroons frontier runs almost
due east. West of Akassa the coastline bends sharply to
the north and at Lagos is nearly 6^° north of the Equator.
The northern frontier lies between 13' and 14° north. At
the coast the western boundary is about 2|° east, and it
runs more or less northerly with a very slight eastward
trend ; while the eastern boundary starts from about 8J°
east at the coast and runs in a north-easterly direction to
just over 14" east at its junction with Lake Chad.
Nigeria is divided into four main zones differing
considerably in their characteristics: —
(1) A belt of swamp and mangrove forest which
follows the coastline and which varies from 10 to 60 miles
in width. It includes the delta of the Niger and is
intersected by innumerable rivers and creeks. "This is
the domain of the most diverse varieties of mangrove,
lorded over by the magnificent rhizophora that strange
tree whose enormous roots support a straight, smooth
trunk upon pointed arches, 12 or 15 feet in breadth, and
whose seeds germinate on the branches and send their
slender shoots, destined to reproduce the parent plant,
from a height of 60 feet down towards the ooze. The
whole is an inextricable tangle of branches, large and
small; of ramifying roots, of new growth ascending and of
4, THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
offshoots descending; while the entire structure impends
over bogs of evil-smelling mud, which exhale unwholesome
effluvia, and in which schools of small amphibious lish
disport themselves."*
(2) A belt of dense tropical forest from 50 to 100
miles wide, intersected by livers and streams, and very
rich in oil-palm t trees, which constitute at present the
chief wealth of Nigeria. The ground here is undulating
with a few scattered hills, but there is no open ground
except around villages and farms. It is difficult to
determine where this zone ends and tiie next commences,
as the change is a gradual one, but a line passing through
the towns of Abeokuta, Ibadan, Ondo, Onitsha and Afikpo
would serve as a rough boundary.
(3) A belt of more open country which gradually
becomes clearer, park-like land being followed by open
expanses covered with high grass. This zone is hilly,
especially north of Ondo and on the Cameroons frontier.
(4) A vast undulating plateau with occasional hills of
granite and sandstone. The general elevation is about
2,000 feet, but in certain parts of Bauchi and to the south-
west of Yola considerable heights occur, in some cases of
over 0,000 feet. The southern portion of the plateau is
covered by thin forest, but the country becomes more
open towards the north, until at last the sandy tracts are
reached that border on the Sahara. This portion of
Nigeria lies within the limits of the Western Sudan.
The main physical feature of Nigeria is of course the
river from which it takes its name. The Niger rises in
the mountains to the north-east of Sierra Leone, and after
flowing for about two-thirds of its length through French
territory, enters Nigeria from the west and runs in a
south-easterly direction till it receives the waters of the
Benue (its principal tributary) at Lokoja, about 250 miles
from the sea. From here it Hows due south in one large
stream until it reaches a point about 5j° north, when it
splits into a number of interlacing channels, and finally
empties its waters into the Gulf of Guinea through its
numerous mouths. The other two important tributaries
of the great river which lie within Nigeria are the Sokoto
river and the ICaduna.
* Translation from Lea Societes prlmitires de I'Afriqtie equatortale, by A. L. eureau,
})■ 22.
t ElasiH ^uineensis.
THE NIGERIA B INDBOOK. 3
Apart from the Niger and its t ributaries, the only river
of first importance is i he ( Jross, which enters ( [\e sen dose
to the eastern frontier. Other smaller rivers are the
Ogun, Benin, Escravos, Sombreiro, Imo, Kwa-Ibo and
Bonny; the Gongola is an important tributary of the
Bcnue.
Ilistoi'u of British Occupation. — The history of
Nigeria as a whole, prior to the advent of the British, has
not yet been written, and it is sufficient here to observe
that there existed several powerful kingdoms in the north,
which, owing to Mohammedan influences, had attained to
a certain degree of civilisation, while in the south, few of
even such kingdoms as existed had advanced much beyond
a primitive barbarism.
In 1851, owing- to the fact that Lagos la! become a
great centre for the slave trade, the British Government
look action again-! the King of Lagos (Kosoko) and
restored to power Akitoye, from whom t lie throne had
been usurped. In the following year, Akitoye and his
chiefs signed a treaty agreeing to abolish the export of
slaves and to encourage the work of missionaries, and a
Consul was appointed to Lagos for the protection of
British interests. Akitoye's son, Dosumu, who succeeded
his father, was unable to prevent the traffic in slaves, and
in 1861 he ceded Lagos and its dependent territories to
the British Government, these being formed into the
Colony of Lagos in the following year. In 1866 the Colony
became a portion of the West African Settlements under
a Governor-in-Chief resident at Sierra Leone, and in 1874
it was united with the Gold Coast Colony. In 1886* Lagos
and its hinterland, which had been gradually acquired,
was separated from the Gold Coast and became the Colony
and Protectorate of Lagos.
The Oil Rivers Protectorate, which was officially
recognised after the Berlin Conference in 1885, lay to the
eastward of the Lagos territories. It was governed at
first by Consuls, and in 18(.)l a Commissioner and Consul-
General was appointed, resident at Calabar, with Deputy-
Commissioners and Vice-Consuls on the various rivers.
hi 1893 the binterland was annexed, and the now increased
territory was renamed the Niger Coast Protectorate, and
placed under an Imperial Commissioner and Consul-
General. In 1891, [\ttcr severe fighting, the Jekri chief,
Nana, who had practically Stopped all trade on the lower
4 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
parts of the Benin River, was defeated and deported. In
1897 a peaceful mission to Benin was treacherously
attacked and all but two of the European members of the
mission were massacred. A powerful expedition captured
the city, and the king surrendered and was deported. In
1900 the Niger Coast Protectorate, which had been under
Foreign Office control, was constituted the Protectorate of
Southern Nigeria and placed under a High Commissioner
responsible to the Colonial Office. Two years later, an
expedition subjugated and disarmed the Aro tribe which
held paramount power over a large territory between the
Niger and Cross Rivers.
In 1906, Lagos and Southern Nigeria were amalga-
mated and designated the Colony and Protectorate of
Southern Nigeria, the old Colony and Protectorate of
Lagos becoming the Western Province, while the remainder
of the country was divided into the Central and Eastern
Provinces.
While the southern portion of Nigeria was being
brought under the control of the British Government the
country to the north was being developed by the Royal
Niger Company * which had been. granted its Charter in
1886. Treaties were made with the native chiefs, and
trading and administrative stations established. In 1897,
Nupe and Ilorin were subdued, and the same year the legal
status of slavery was declared abolished throughout the
territories of the Company. In view of French encroach-
ments the British Government decided to raise a native
Imperial force, and in 1898 this task was conlided to
Colonel Lugard,t who .had previously negotiated several
treaties with native chiefs on behalf of the Royal
Niger Company. A conflict between the British and
French troops seemed imminent, but an arrangement
was at last come to and the boundary settled. On the 1st
January, 1900, the transfer of the Niger Company's terri-
tories to the Crown took place, these territories becoming
the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria, with Colonel Lugard
as the first High Commissioner. The Emirates of Konta-
gora, Yola, Bauchi, Bornu, Kano and Sokoto were
subdued in turn, and a rising at Satiru in 1906 was
suppressed. Numerous minor expeditions against truculent
pagan tribes were also undertaken.
'Formerly the National African Company.
t Now Sir Frederick Lugard, Gt.CM.G., C.B., n.s.O.
THE NK.KKIA HANDBOOK. 0
On the 1st January, 1914, the Colony and Protectorate
of Southern Nigeria was amalgamated with the Protec-
torate of Northern Nigeria, and the whole country became
the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria. Sir Frederick
Lugard, who liad been appointed. in 1912 Governor of both
Southern and Northern Nigeria, became the first Governor
of Nigeria, with the personal title of Governor-General.
The early years of the War wrere heavily felt in
Nigeria owing to the shortage of shipping, but this was
remedied in 1917 and 1918 to a large extent by reason of
the urgent demand for oleaginous produce in the United
Kingdom, and the statistics of exports given in Appendix
III will show how complete the recovery has been.
Speaking from the point of view of the Government,
development has been restricted by the shortage ot staff
and the need for the strictest economy. The Nigeria
Regiment took part in the campaigns in the Cameroons
and East Africa, and large numbers of carriers and other
non-combatants have been enlisted for service overseas.
The war effort of Nigeria is described in Chapter 18.
Apart from the war the chief events since the
amalgamation were the completion of the railway from
Port Harcourt to Udi and the development of the coal field
at the latter place : the move of the headquarters of the
Northern Provinces from Zungeru to Kaduna : the intro-
duction of taxation into certain parts of the Southern
Provinces : and the Egba rising in 1918.
CHAPTER II.
Climate and Rainfall.
Except perhaps on the Plateau, the Nigerian climate
is not a healthy one lor Europeans, and Nigeria shares
with the rest of West Africa an unenviable reputation in
this respect.
The seasons are as a rule well defined. The "dry
season" with its attendant "Harmattan" commences in
the north of the country in October, and cuds in April.
It is of shorter duration in the south, and at Lagos
generally lasts from November to March, with only
intermittent " Harmattan." The "Harmattan" is a dry
north-easterly wind whicii brings with it a thick haze
composed of minute particles of dust.
During the "Harmattan" the nights and early
mornings are cold, but the days are very hot, and it is
during tins period that the maximum diurnal variations
occur. The following table shows the minimum, maximum,
and mean temperature at 14 representative stations
during the years 1917 and 1918 :—
Station.
1917.
1918.
c
r.
0>
4)
> .
—
Absolute
temperature.
6
■~~
"3
z
z
i."
"P,
Absolute
temperature.
6
t
5
-
|
2
E
%
|
s
-
S
—
B
-L'TgOS
Ibadan
Forcados
Warn
Onitsha
Bonny
Calabar
Zungern
Lokoja
Kano
Yola
Maidugari
Sokoto
Feet.
6
660
4
240
320
1,510
850
use.
4.000
1,160
o
69
61
68
70
GO
67
56
45
60
51
54
O
104
102
97
99
95
93
lot
117
llu
106
11:;
95
115
0
79-1
77-1
81-5
78-9
7it-2
82-3
81-5
78-1
82-8
832
72-5
0
07
62
55
01
60
64
55
57
41
54
47
50
51
o
98
101
94
99
93
105
1 i
1 1 15
115
96
108
o
79*9
77-9
756
80-9
78-7
78-5
si -4
79-8
774
s-J-0
71-6
744
I hi- Mi. I i;i \ HANDBOOK.
Generally speaking the lowest mean temperature is
recorded in the mouths of July and August, and the
lowest minimum temperature at the beginning and end
of the year. The highest mean and maximum tempera-
tures are as a rule recorded in March and April. In
most eases the difference in range between the maximum
and minimum temperature is greater in proportion to the
distance of a station from the coast.
At the end of the "dry season" numerous tornadoes
herald the approach of the "rainy season." Before a
tornado the air is oppressively close and heavy ; the
tornado itself, which is scarcely more than a heavy
squall, lasts but a short time and is accompanied and
followed by a thunderstorm and rain. The "rainy sea-
son" lasts until October, with a slight break in August,
and is followed by another short tornado season. In the
south the prevailing wind during this season is from the
south-west, and with it comes the rain, which is remarkably
heavy along the coast and decreases rapidly as it travels
inland. The following table gives the
rainfall at 49 stations up to the year 1918.
average annual
**i '
* _ ~'
Station.
s : —
*- - ^
52
Station.
A. vera
annus
rainf
Abeokuta
. (9)
Kontagora
• (8)
4S
Afikpo
. (12)
61
Lagos
. (25)
7:'.
Agbor
. (5)
78
Lokoja
. (13)
48
Ak-:
. (7)
160
Maidugari ...
• (10)
24
Badagri
• (10)
71
Naraguta ...
• (7)
62
Baro
. (7)
45
Obudu
• 0>)
74
Bauchi
. (8)
42
Offa
• (6)
46
Benin City ...
. (12)
80
Ogbomosho
. (0)
52
Birnin Kebbi
. (6)
25
Okwoga
• (8)
61
Bonny
• (11)
160
Olokemeji ...
. (13)
51
Brass...
• (ID
149
Ondo
. (ID
63
Calabar
. (15)
130
Onitsha
• (14)
67
Degema
. (12)
86
Opobo
• (11)
130
Ebnte Metta
• (11)
68
Oshogbo
. (7)
47
Epe
■ 01)
72
Owerri
. (10)
95
Forcados
• (13)
152
Oyo
. (10)
44
Geidam
. (6)
15
Port Harcourt
. (4)
91
Ibadan
• (17)
49
Sapele
• (13)
96
Ibi
. (9)
44
Sokoto
• (12)
24
Ikot-Ekpene
. (12)
93
Udi
• (7)
70
Ilorin...
• (131
. (3)
50
Warn
• (11)
116
Jebba
38
Yola
• (13)
37
Kaduni
• (6)
51
Zaria
. (13)
44
Kano...
• (13)
34
Zungeru
. (13)
4.3
Katagum
• (7)
20
ILe figures iu brackets indicate the number of years on which the average is calculated,
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
That the distinction between the " rainy season " and
the " dry season " is a very real one will be seen from the
following table which shows the average monthly rainfall
at 14 representative stations: —
Northern Provinces.
Kario
ill).
Lokoja
(11).
Maidu-
gari
(8).
Nara-
guta
(5).
Sokoto
(10).
Yola
(11).
Zun-
geru
(11).
January
February
March...
April ...
May ...
June ...
July ...
August
September
October
November
December
Year ...
■02
■08
•09
■:^
2-60
4*49
8-04
11-84
5-50
•31
"•03
■24
•7:')
1-62
4'65
5"40
6-49
7-44
6-91
9*27
4-23
•55
•27
...
17
...
•75
■15
•48
4*34
•17
1-16
7-09
L-91
252
10-91
:')•.")(
6-60
1317
5 65
8-34
1361
7-82
4*03
10-56
425
•58
•99
•40
•03
•29
2371
62-02
23-81
•01
•40
1-97
4-26
536
0-40
7*91
7-27
3-04
•08
•oi
■03
■06
•63
1-96
4-50
649
7-60
9*17
10-80
318
19
•10
The figures in brackets indicate the number of years on which the average is
calculated.
Colony and Southern Provinces.
Bonny
Calabar
Forca-
dos
(11).
Ibadan
Lagos
Onitsha
Warrl
(12).
(13).
05).
(23).
(12).
(9).
January
3-20
1-84
1-39
•30
1-21
•81
2-79
February
3-82
2-23 4-52
'92
1 -65
•76
213
March...
6-86
6-45 7-65
3-79
3-64
329
5-36
April
8*20
7-40 10-78
6-31
5-51
6-09
9-25
May
16*57
L3-72 16-20
5-75
10-46
7-83
10-76
June ...
29-12
16-62 23-10
6-73
ui-s;,
S-33
16-05
July
28-30
22-44 27-07
7-48
11-56
10-72
2120
August
14-1D
18-75 15-50
3" 55
3-14
8-21
15-1 2
September ...
19-97
18-32 21-66
6-45
5-5 i
11-08
15-87
October
16-94
12-96 16-96
6-03
7-57
7-94
12-03
November
L0-91
7-62 5-36
1-28
2*40
1-46
4*79
December
2-24
L-76 1-86
•39
•73
•91
67-43
•43
Year
160-23
130-11 152-05
48-98
7326
11578
The figures in brackets indicate the Dumber of years on which the average is
calculated.
The rainfall in Lagos in 1917 exceeded all previous
records, 115 inches being registered.
At Lagos the mean barometric pressure for the last
throe years was 20-117, while the mean pressure at Zungeru
for the years 1910 to 1916 was 29*62. The difference in
range between the maximum and minimum pressure is
extremely small.
CHAPTER III.
Population, Religion and Languages.
The native population of .Nigeria, which is estimated
at about 16J millions, is divided into a large number of
tribes speaking different languages and possessing different
characteristics.
In the Northern Provinces the Hausa race, which
is chiefly Mohammedan, is the most important numerically.
"The Hausa is wholly black, but not negroid in type.
His known history, though never brilliant,
has been persistent. Many times conquered, he has
nevertheless continued to preserve a clearly defined
political individuality. He has always been merchant,
peasant, soldier and artisan."* His language is the lingua
franca of the Sudan and the only language of tropical
Africa which has been reduced to writing by the natives
themselves, modified Arabic characters being used. Large
numbers of Hausas are serving in the Nigeria Regiment,
and in the Cameroons and Bast Africa have justified the
high opinions held of their soldierly qualities. Bornu is
inhabited by a Mohammedan people of Berber extraction
differing considerably from the Hausas and speaking a
distinct language. The Fulani are a remarkable people
who, before the advent of the British, had established
themselves as the ruling race throughout what is now the
Northern Provinces. Their origin is obscure, but it is
known that during the 13th century " Cow Fulani " entered
Hausa-land from the west. "There seems to have been
always a distinction between the purely pastoral shepherd,
or Cow Fulani, who occupied the position of a nomad peasant
and the aristocratic or ruling Fulani."| At
the beginning of the 19th century the latter had become
the dominating people and conquered the Hausa states
which they at first governed with a high degree of
moderation and integrity, adopting the existing Hausa
system of law and taxation. They were Mohammedans,
and Sokoto became their religious and political head-
quarters. By degrees, however, the power of the central
authority waned and the administration of justice almost
* A Tropical Dependency, by Flora L. Shaw (Laclv Lugard), p. 287.
t Ibid., p. 383.
(9)
10
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
ceased, but under the control and supervision of the
British, the Fulani has proved capable of governing and
dispensing justice with wisdom and integrity, and the
intelligence and broad-mindedness of the Fulani Emirs
has contributed in no small degree to the success of the
British administration.
The two chief tribes in the Colony and Southern
Provinces are the Ibos and Yorubas, the latter inhabiting
Lagos and its hinterland and the former the eastern
provinces. Of the total population of 7f millions in the
Colony and Southern Provinces, it is estimated that about
three millions are Ibos and two millions Yorubas. An
extract from a report on the last
Southern Nigeria is contained in
this will be seen the large number
are spread over the Southern Provinces. The Yorubas
had an ancient system of law, and are the most highly
developed of the natives of the Southern Provinces ; their
state capitals are now among the largest towns in the
country.
The following table gives the approximate native
population of the Colony and each Province of the
Protectorate. As regards the- Colony and Southern
Provinces the figures are based on the returns of the
Census of 1911 and are as published in the annual Blue
Books. As the boundaries of the provinces have been
considerably altered since that date the figures given
per province are by no means reliable.
Census (1911) taken in
Appendix I, and from
of smaller tribes that
Nor the
ii Provinces.
iliem
Provinces.
Bauehi
791,402
Abeokuta ...
•V, 1,490
Bornu...
700.541
Benin
563,611
florin ...
188,323
Calabar
874,291
Kano ...
... 2,871,236
Ogoja
... 1.0(1 1. 1 isu
Konbagora ...
131,
Ondo
164,558
Munshi
413,893
Onitsha
... 1.342.059
Muri ...
349,627
Owerri
... 1,372,7
Nassarawa
257,462
UVo
... 1,269,435
Nupe ...
335,267
Warn
489,618
Sokoto
... 1,593,480
Vol;, ...
251,325
7,689,749
Zaria ...
...
Colony
8,537,369
166,000
I 111. NIGERIA II \M)i;<X)K.
11
The European population in the Northern Provinces
is estimated at 989 of whom 495 are Government Officials,
129 Missionaries, 134 employed by Trading Companies
and 231 on the Mines. The European population in the
Colony and Southern Provinces, according to the 1911
Census, was 1,018 of whom 536 were resident in Lagos
and its environs. The former ligure included 630 Govern-
ment Officials, 191 Missionaries and 798 persons employed
by trading and other companies.
While in the Northern Provinces the bulk of the
population is Mohammedan and the remainder chiefly
pagan, in the Colony and Southern Provinces more than
three-quarters of the inhabitants are pagan fetish worship-
pers. Christianity is more widespread among the educated
and semi-educated natives of the coast, and there is also a
large number of Mohammedans, in Lagos about half the
population being of the latter religion.
Missionaries have been at work (in the Southern
Provinces and Colony at least) for a great number of
years, and many of the ancient treaties contained clauses
by which the native chiefs were bound to encourage and
protect the Christian missions. The chief denominations
established in Nigeria are the Church of England (Church
Missionary Society), Roman Catholic, Wesleyau, Presby-
terian and Baptist. There is also a "Native African
Church" modelled on the Church of England, but allowing
poly gam v among its members. There is a Church of
England" Bishop of Western Equatorial Africa resident at
Lagos; the division of the diocese and the appointment of
another bishop is under consideration. The Diocesan
Svnod of Western Equatorial Africa was incorporated
within Nigeria by Ordinance No. 53 of 1917. There are
two Roman Catholic Bishops, resident at Lagos and
Asaba. The names of the principal missionaries in
Nigeria are given in the Supplement.
CHAPTER IV.
Constitution.
On the amalgamation, which took place on 1st
January, 1914, Nigeria was divided for administrative
purposes into three main portions, the Colony* of Nigeria
and two groups of provinces known as the Northern and
Southern Provinces, which together form the Protectorate.!
The Colony :f is practically identical with the old Colony of
Lagos, and the Northern and Southern Provinces with the
Protectorates of Northern and Southern Nigeria respec-
tively. The present headquarters and place of residence
of the Governor 1 1 is Lagos, which is also the headquarters
of the Colony and of the Southern Provinces. The head-
quarters of the Northern Provinces is Kaduna which has
also been selected as the future Capital of Nigeria. The
Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Colony is
ex-officio Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the
Protectorate,§ the Northern and Southern Provinces being
each administered by a Lieutenant-Governor responsible
to the Governor. The Colony is under the immediate
control of an Administrator, who also is responsible to the
* The word "Colony" is often used loosely to define any territory under British
influent or control, from the self-governing dominions to the Crown Colonies and
Protectorates. The Colony is only a small portion of Nigeria, the entire country
being the Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria. In this book the word Colony is used,
only where the actual Colony of Nigeria is referred to.
t "There is no statutory or authoritative definition of the term 'Protectorate,'
although it appears in two recent statutes [Evidence (Colonial Statutes) Act, 1907;
Reserve Forces Act, 1906 ]. Protectorates are not British territory in the strict sense ;
but it is understood that no other civilised Power will interfere in their affairs.
They are administered under the provisions of Orders in Council issued by virtue of
powers conferred upon His Majesty by the Foreign Jurisdiction Act, 1890, 'or other-
wise vested in His Majesty,' which latter phrase may be taken to be intended to
bring in aid any exercise of the royal prerogative that may be necessary to supple-
ment His Majesty's statutory powers/' Halsbury's Laws of England, Vol. 10, p. 521
( Dependencies, Colonies and British Possessions ).
t Boundaries denned by the Colony of Nigeria Boundaries Order in Council
dated 22nd November, 1913, which was published in Nigeria Gazette of the 1st
January, 1914.
|| Office constituted by Letters Patent providing for the Government of the
Colony, dated the 29th November, 1913, published in Nigeria Gazette of 1st January,
1914. These were amended by further Letters Patent dated the 23rd May, 1917
(Nigeria Gazette of the 14th J'une. 1917). They have further been amplified by an
Order in Council dated the 10th August, 1914 (Nigeria Gazette of 10th September,
1914), by Royal Instructions dated the 29th November. 1913 : 24th September, 1914 ;
and 29th April, 1916, published in Nigeria Gazettes of the 8th January. 1914 : 12th
November, 1914 : and the 8th June, 1916, respectively.
§ Nigeria Protectorate Order in Council, dated 22nd November, 1913, published
in Nigeria Gazette of the 1st January, 1914. This has been amended by an Order in
Council dated the H'th May, 1917 (Nigeria Gazette oi i be 14th June, 1917). These
have been amplified by au Order in Council dated the LOth August, 1914 (Nigeria
Gazette of 10th September, 1914), and by Royal Instructions dated the 29th
November, 1913 (Nigeria Gazette of the 8th January, L914), and 24th September,
1914.
(12)
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 13
Governor : since early in 1916, the office of Administrator
of the Colony has been held by the Lieutenant-Governor
of the Southern Provinces. The first Governor of Nigeria,
Sir Frederick Lugard, had the personal title of Governor-
General; he retired in 1919 and has been succeeded by
Sir Hugh Clifford, k.c.m.g., formerly Governor of the
Gold Coast. A table of the High Commissioners,
Administrators and Governors since 1861 is given in
Appendix TIT.
There is an Executive Council458 for the Colony which
also acts for the Protectorate.! This Council serves as
an advisory body to the Governor and its proceedings are
confidential. The following are members ex officio : —
The Lieutenant-Governor, Southern Provinces, and Adminis-
trator of the Colony.
The Lieutenant-Governor, Northern Provinces.
The Attorney-General.
The Director of Railways and Works.
The Commandant of the Nigeria Regiment.
The Director of the Medical and Sanitary Service.
The Treasurer.
The Director of Marine.
The Comptroller of Customs.
The Central Secretary.
Other persons may be appointed to this Council by the
King, or as extraordinary members for any special occasion
by the Governor.§
A larger advisory and deliberative body known as the
Nigerian Council was established;]; at the amalgamation.
It is composed of the following Official Members § : —
The Governor.
The Members of the Executive Council.
The Residents of the First Class.
The Secretary, Southern Provinces.
The Secretary, Northern Provinces.
* Constituted by Letters Patent dated 29th November, 1913.
t Nigeria Protectorate Order in Council dated 22nd November, 1913. published in
Nigeria Gazette of 1st January, 1914.
} Nigerian Council Order in Council dated 22nd November, 1913, published in
Nigeria Gazette of 1st January, 1914.
§ A complete list of present members is given in the Supplement,
14 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
and the following Unofficial Members! :~
A Member of the Lagos Chamber of Commerce.
A Member of the Chamber of Mines.
A Member of the Calabar Chamber of Commerce.
(Nominated by the respective Chambers).
Four European Members, representative as far as may be of
Commerce, Shipping, Mining and Banking.
Six Native Members.
(Nominated by the Governor).
There have been five meetings of the Nigerian
Council, in December 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917 and 1918
respectively. At the second meeting a resolution was
passed pledging the Government of Nigeria to take over,
after the War, six million pounds of the Imperial War
Loan, which would be added to the public debt of Nigeria.
The Legislative Council* of the Colony consists of the
following Official Members : —
The Governor.
The Administrator.
The Secretary to the Southern Provinces and Colony.
The Principal Medical Officer. Southern Provinces and Colony.
The Legal Adviser, Southern Provinces and Colony.
The Senior Assistant Treasurer in the Colony for the time
being.
The Commissioner of Lands.
There are in addition four Unofficial Membersf
appointed by the King. The powers of the Legislative
Council are confined to the Colony, but all laws affecting
the Colony must be passed by this Council, to which also
are submitted the annual estimates of expenditure for the
Colony.
• Constituted by Letters Patent dated 29th N ivember, L913.
t A complete Lis1 of present members is given in the Supplement,
THE NIGERIA M INDBOOK
15
The following table shows the Provinces with their
provincial headquarters and divisions:—
Southern
provinces.
Abeokuta
Benin
Calabar
Ogoja
Ondo
Onitsha
O werri
Oyo
Warri
Oameroons •
Northern
Provinces.
Bauchi
Bornu...
Ilorin ...
Kano ...
Kontagora
Munshi
Muri ...
Nassarawa .
Nupe ...
Sokoto
Tola ...
Zaria ...
Provincial
Headquarters.
kuta
Benin
Calabar
Akure
Onitsha
O werri
Oyo ...
Warri
Buea ...
Bauchi
Maidugari
Ilorin...
Kano...
Kontagora
Ankpa
Ibi ...
Keffi ...
Bida ...
Sokoto
Yola ...
Zaria ...
First Class Divisions
Egba ...
i Benin
i fbiaja ...
j Ikot-Ekpene
\ Calabar ...
i Ogoja
\ Abakaliki
Ondo
Onitsha ...
(Okigwi ...
\Degema ..
Ibadan . .
Warri
Bamenda
Bauchi Emirate
Maidugari
("Ilorin Emirate
\Kabba
/ Kano Emirate
i. Katsena Emirate
Kontagora Emirate
Ankpa . .
Muri Emirate
Keffi
f Bida Emirate
(.Kuta
f Sokoto Emirate
\ Gando Emirate
Yola Emirate ...
Zaria Emirate
Second Class Divisions.
f Jehu
t Ilaro
i ba
\ Kukuruku
} Opobo
} Obubra
f Ekiti
\ Owo
rUdi
< Awka
I Obolo
f Owerri
1 Aba
J Oyo
life
f Kwale
\ Bri
r Chang
< Buea
i, Ossidinge
i Jos
JN Gombe
Pankshin
/ Potiskum
I Bin
j Pateji-Laflagi
f Katagum
\ Hadeiia
(Yehva
-< Dabai
(.Borgu
[ Dekina
< Abinsi
(.Katsena Allah
f Ibi
I Tsendam
{Jemaa
Lafia
Abuja
f Agaie-Lapai
-< Kwougoma
(.Koton Kerifl
{ Argungu
f Pella
1 Numan
Kaebia
• For administrative purposes the occupied territory of the Cameroons is
counted as one ©f the Southern Provinces.
16
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Each province is under the control of a Resident, who
is assisted by a staff of District Officers and Assistant
District Officers who have charge of the Prions divisions
into which the province is divided. The Residents
and their assistants are responsible for the detailed
administration of the country, and represent the Govern-
ment in its dealings with the natives. They also dispense
justice in the provincial courts, and supervise the native
staff of any department which has not its own European
officer on the spot. The Colony (outside of the Township
of Lagos) is also in charge of Political Officers, under the
control of a Provincial Commissioner resident in Lagos.
In some parts of Nigeria where the native chiefs
have shown a capacity to rule, and especially in the
Northern Provinces, the Government exercises only an
indirect control, the Resident assuming the role of an
adviser. In other parts, however, where there is no
strong native authority capable of governing, the rule of
the political officers is a more direct one, but even in
such districts a native judiciary with powers limited in
proportion to its ability and integrity is made use of with
results that are increasingly satisfactory. In the more
advanced communities native treasuries have been
established, and fixed salaries are paid to most of the
native executive and judicial officers.
The following table gives the approximate area and
population of the three main political divisions: —
Approximate area in
square miles.
Approximate
population.
Colony
Southern Provinces
Northern Provinces
1.41 ID
76,945
267,356
166,000
7,690,000
8,537,000
Total Nigeria
335,'
16,393,000
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CHAPTER V.
Trade and Customs.
The trade of Nigeria in 1918 was nearly five times as
great as it was in 1900 and it is still increasing. As the
country is opened up and the means of transport improve
the raw material which is now inaccessible will be exported
in still larger quantities, the wealth and standard of living of
the people will improve, and a larger amount of imports will
be required to meet the increased demand. The set-back to
trade occasioned by war conditions has been only temporary.
That such a set-back should have occurred in Nigeria is not
remarkable as, in 1913, ll3/> of the commercial import trade
and ll/o of the export trade in local produce was with
Germany and there was moreover during the early years of
the war a serious shortage of shipping. The position
became most serious in 1915 when the value of the total
trade, which in 1913 amounted to over thirteen millions,
dropped to less than ten millions sterling. 1916 saw a
marked recovery and in 1918 the figures were higher than
they had ever been. In Appendix III will be found a
summary of the trade during the years 1900 to 1918, but
the following figures will show at a glance the remarkable
increase that has taken place : —
Total Imports
Total Exports
Total Trade
1900.
£1,735,244
1,886,883
1913.
£6,331,751
7,097,646
1918.
£7,423,158
9,511,970
£3.622,127
£13,429,397 £16,935,128
(excluding Specie).
One immediate result of the war has been the decline
in the importation of trade spirits, which were formerly
imported largely from Germany and Holland, and which
formed the mainstay of Germany's export trade to West
Africa. 1,808,000 gallons at 100' Tralles were imported
in 1913. and this has dropped to only 106,000 gallons in
1918. The persistent agitation against this trade and recent
(17)
18
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
action by the Colonial Office restricting the importation of
spirits point to the total elimination of this traffic at no very
distant date. The import duty on trade spirits, which has
been several times increased in recent years,* was previously
the chief source of revenue in Southern Nigeria, and the
loss of this revenue has rendered necessary the increase of
the import duties on certain other articles (by way of a
surtax) and the imposition of export duties on produce.
Another result of the war has been the decline in the
importation of foodstuffs from the United Kingdom. Salt
forms an exception to this rule and is becoming an
important factor in the import trade, and, it is said, is even
taking the place of trade spirits as an article of barter in
some localities. Since the war, increasing quantities of
provisions are being imported direct from the United States.
■ The principal articles imported into Nigeria aref : —
Apparel.
Bags and Sacks.
Bread and Biscuits.
Coal.
Coopers1 Stores.
Cotton Piece Goods.
Fish.
Furniture.
Grain and Flour.
Hardware.
Iron, Steel and manufac-
tures thereof.
Kerosene.
Kola Nuts.
Machinery.
Motor Cars, bicycles, etc.
Salt.
Silk Goods.
•Soap.
Spirits.
Tobacco, Cigars, etc.
Wood and Timber.
Woollen Goods.
* The following table shows the increases in the duty on " Trade Spirits " Hince
1906 :-
Date of Increase.
1 January.
22 December,
15 January.
4 March,
25
12 January.
1
20 November
1006.
1906.
1909.
1912.
1913.
L915.
1916.
1918.
Duty per
Imperial
Gallon at
50° Tralles.
3
4
5
5
6
7
8
1"
For every degree
in excess of 50°
Tralles an
increase in duty
per Imp. Gall, of
1
2 J
2j
2l
r
3
For every
degree less
lb an 50°
Tralles, a
decrease in
duty per
Imp. Gall, of
d.
n
ii
il
ii
H
With a
minimum
duty per
Imp. Gall, of
- Appendix III foi tjuantitj and value of these articles imported in 1918 and
previous y<
LAGOS STORES Ltd.
General Merchants.
BRANCHES —
Southern Provinces, Nigeria :
LAGOS, ABEOKUTA, IBADAN,
OSHOGBO, OvO.
Northern Provinces, Nigeria :
ILORIN, MINNA, ZARIA, KANO, JOS.
P.O. B x 156, Lagos.
Telegraphic Adche s : "ANKURI, Lagos."
HeaJ Ofice :
WEST AFRICA HOUSE,
WATER STREET, LIVERPOOL.
Telegraphic Address : " RAYMOND, Livedo:.!."
MILLER BROTHERS
(OF LIVERPOOL) LIMITED.
21, Water Street, Liverpool.
Cable and Telegraphic Address : " ETHIOPE."
BRANCHES IN NIGERIA.
Lagos, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Badagry, Warri, Sapele,
Koko, Siluko, Port Harcourt, Aba, Opobo, Abonnema,
Calabar, Oron, Itu, etc., etc.
Importers of :
Palm Oil, Palm Kernels, Cocoa, Maize,
Rubber, Mahogany.
Exporters of
: Cotton Piece Goods, Silks, Velvets,
Provisions of all kinds, Tobaccos,
Cigars, Cigarettes, Clothing, Hosiery,
Boots and Shoes, Paints, Oils, Cement,
Building Material.
Agencies :
Ford Motor Cars and Trucks, Dunlop
Tyres and Tubes, Raleigh and New
Hudson Cycles, Nobel's Explosives,
Vacuum Oil Company's Kerosene,
Motor Spirit and Lubricating Oils.
THE Mi.i.Ki \ ii \.\mtooK. 19
The following are genera] notes on certain classes of
articles of the import trade : —
Aims and AMMUNITION. — Dam1 and flintlock guns, black
powder in bags in kegs of 2, 1. 8, ID 11). (the import in
flasks was popular), lead shot in hags in kegs, and gun
Hints form an important section of trade.
BAGS and SACKS. — Gunny hags are used for exporting
produce (1918 exports of cocoa, ground nuts and palm
kernels only, at 12^ bags to the ton work out at over
three million bags).
Boats, etc. — The natives are expert canoemakers. Lighters,
gigs and surf boats are imported for use of Government,
European Firms, and Shipping Companies. Oakum,
zinc sheets and other materials for repairing canoes and
boats are in demand.
Brushes and Fancy Goods. — Brushes for household use
are in demand, such as scrubbing brushes, hard and soft
brooms, also paint brushes, etc. ; whitewash brushes for
coopers' use and stencil brushes for marking bags, etc.,
are in large demand. Brushes should be bound with
copper wire to strengthen them. Also fancy goods of
all descriptions, but this is a precarious trade, as goods
deteriorate rapidly.
Builders' Materials and Supplies. — This item is in
great demand by native traders — white pine, pitch
pine planks, Mn. to 3in. x 9in. x 20ft., deals 12ft. to
20ft., scantlings 12ft. to 20ft., galvanised iron 24 gauge
to 32 gauge, 6ft. to 8ft. in length, in large quantities.
The lower grades of iron sheeting are in greater demand
on account of their lightness ; gutters and ridging,
galvanised nails and washers, sheet glass ; nails, screws,
both wire and brass ; cement and lime are also in
demand.
Chemists' and Druggists' Goods, Disinfectants, etc. —
A big trade is done in all trading districts with drugs
and patent medicines, such as iodide of potassium,
iodoform, embrocations, cough mixtures and patent
pills of all kinds. Vaseline and castor, eucalyptus and
sandal wood oils have a large sale. The disinfectants in
use are. Izal, Lysol, Condy's, Jeyes', Telos Fluids.
Scrubb's Ammonia and Carbolicene.
20 THE NIGEKIA HANDBOOK.
CHINA, GLASSWARE, ETC. — Except for European require-
ments china articles are not in much demand. Earthen-
ware is imported for native trade, in the form of soup
plates, rice dishes, nappies and basins, jugs, mugs,
bowls, etc., but had, before the war, been superseded
to a great extent by enamelware. These goods
should be packed in palm oil casks so that the package
can be used. Tumblers of all sizes, jugs and mirrors,
were all formerly imported from the Continent. Glasses
obtained from the United Kingdom, although of a
better finish, have hitherto been too expensive for the4
Nigerian trade.
Large quantities of pottery are made throughout
the country. At Aba, an important market in the Ibo
country, four bowls, of burnt clay, the facsimile of
earthenware bowls imported by one of the large firms,
were purchased for a manilla = l^d.
COOPERS' STORES. — Tenter hooks, coopers tacks and rivets,
all in kegs of 1 cwt. each. Casks with heads of 38" and
40" in shooks for nine casks and the heads for
nine casks in one made up cask. (1918 exports of
palm oil, 3 casks for 2 tons, would require 129,000
casks).
Enamelware. — Dishes, pie-dishes, plates, mugs, frypans,
saucepans, basins, bowls, rice dishes, etc., meet with a
great demand, but as in glassware, all were imported
from the Continent, suiting the purpose for which
they are required, and being much cheaper than similar
imports from the United Kingdom.
FURNITURE, ETC. — For the furniture trade as one knows it
in England, there is not much demand. Special indents
are made when a customer wishes to furnish. There is
a ready sale for cheap folding chairs, camp stools,
cane-bottom chairs and camp equipment of all kinds.
Camp beds and iron bedsteads, straw mats, household
linen, cushions, table covers, etc., in medium quantities
are also in demand.
THK NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 21
Hardware, Ironmongery, Cutlery, etc.— The goods
imported under this heading mainly consist of axes,
hatchets, matchets, hoes, and other agricultural
implements ; iron pots from .', gallon to 50 gallons ;
saucepans, kettles, trypans, nails, door Locks, hasps and
staples, padlocks, galvanised buckets, tin trunks and
uniform eases, knives, forks, spoons. Lamps, lanterns, sad
irons, iron bolts, iron bars, and carpenters' tools of all
descriptions. Iron bars are of two kinds, flat and round
for building purposes, and of soft iron (generally from
Sweden) for use by native blacksmiths. Files used to
be an important import. The broad end was flattened
out and the pointed end driven into a wooden club.
The weapon is then used as a chopper. It has
been suggested that the tools should generally be
imitations of native implements, and of fair quality.
Cheapness is also essential.
Jewellery, Watches, Scientific Instruments. — The
quality of the jewellery and watches imported into
Nigeria is inferior. Rings, necklets, bracelets and
watches from 5s. to 15s. each, meet with a fair demand.
Scientific instruments are not imported by trading
firms. Cheap jewellery was formerly an important line
in the trade of the Central Powers with Nigeria.
Leather and Leather Goods. — There is a sale for boots
and shoes of all descriptions, but not to any great
extent, and then chiefly amongst native clerks and
Europeans.
MACHINERY, Engines, etc. — Machinery and engines are
little used. In parts of Nigeria, particularly in the eastern
provinces, some of the firms import a " Palm Kernel
Nut ('racking Machine." Corn mills are also in demand.
Machinery is required for palm produce and cocoa, and
for decorticating ground nuts.
Paints, Oils, Soaps, etc. — Paints, paint oil, turpentine,
etc., are imported in quantities ; also kerosene in cases,
petroleum and motor spirit. Soap is in great demand.
The common yellow bar soap is most popular : there is
some demand for the carbolic brand and also for toilet
soaps. •
22 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Provisions, Wines, Spirits, Minerals and Tobacco. —
Provisions must be dealt with under two Headings : —
(1) European Provisions. For this class of trade the
following are the chief items : — Tinned meats and
fish of all kinds, tinned soups, butter, lard, cheese,
flour, tea, coffee, sugar, milk, fruits, vegetables,
biscuits, rice, fish, sausages, hams and bacon.
(2) Trade Provisions are so-called as they are specially
got up for the native trade. The chief items are
as follows : —
Rice in bags weighing 7, 14, 20, 28, 40, 56 lb. and 2
cwt. : bread (i.e. ; cabin biscuits) in barrels, casks
and cases ; beef and pork in barrels of about 200 lb.
weight ; stockfish in bales ; cube sugar in packets
of 12 to 14 oz., also 7 and 14 lb. tablet sugar in
\ kilo boxes, cane sugar ; cases of salmon and
herrings in tins each \ or 1 lb., in cases of 4 to 8
doz. tins ; salt in bags of 40, 45 and 90 lb. : corned
beef in tins each 1 and 2 lb., in cases of 2 to 4
doz. ; flour in barrels of 19b* lb., sardines (or some
similar fish) in oil.
Provisions of the kind supplied by Canada and the
United States to the West Indian trade would
probably meet with a ready demand.
Wines, ETC. — The business done in this line is moderate,
and almost solely for Europeans. Ordinary brands of
port, sherry, claret, champagne, liqueurs, etc., are kept
in stock. Kola wine, ginger wine, etc.. are imported
for n ativetrade.
Spirits. — Spirits are dealt with under two headings,
European spirits and trade spirits. The former consists
of all the well known brands of whisky, gin, vermouth
and brandy; the latter, a cheaper kind of whisky, gin
and rum. The chief item however, is what is known
as trade gin and trade rum, tin' former in cases each of
12 bottles, \ to 1 ;j imperial gallons, and the latter in
demijohns from ;| to 1 ;j imperial gallons. Beer and
Stoat are imported for European and native consumption.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 2-5
Minerals. — The well-known brands <>f ginger ale and
soda water, etc., are imported for European use. Large
imports from the Continent of an inferior lemonade,
ginger ale and kola champagne met with a good sale
with the natives, both for cash and produce.
Tobacco. — For native trade, leaf tobacco is imported in
hoi;;-! leads, and in eases from LOO to 300 lb. each,
and the sale of cigarettes specially prepared for this
market has greatly increased. There is a large business
done in cigarettes packed in air-tight tins containing 50
cigarettes each, and smoking mixtures of all kinds ave
imported for European trade.
Rubber Goods. — The climatic conditions do not allow
much demand for rubber goods.
Stationery and Office Supplies. — Except for private
notepaper, writing pads and envelopes, there is little
demand. There is some trade in foolscap for native
use, packed in ream and half ream packets.
Sporting Goods, Games, Musical Instruments, Came-
ras, ETC. — Cricket, football, golf, and tennis materials
are in demand. The gramophone is the most popular
instrument, and a fair stock is always kept by the
different firms. Cameras are not in much demand.
Tar. — Coal tar and Stockholm tar are in great demand.
TEXTILE GOODS. — Amongst the chief imports into Nigeria
are cotton goods, grey bafts, croydons, shirting
domestics, mulls, dhooties, twills, brocades, sateens
white and khaki drills (in 6 and 12 yards pieces),
blankets, mosquito netting, tussores, shantungs,
muslins, damasks, flannel, flannelette, handkerchief
cloths for native wear, shirts, hosiery and clothing of all
descriptions ; suitings and silk handkerchiefs for
headware (36" x 36") and for pocket use are usually
stoeked. There is also some demand for plush cotton
velvet (in 6 to 10 yards pieces) and silk (black, white.
coloured and printed).
24 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
There is a good deal of cotton weaving carried on
throughout the country. The cloth made is durable,
and sells at prices which compete with Manchester
manufactures.
Thread. — Black and white on reels and in packets, crochet
cotton and cotton balls.
Twine AND Cord. — There are large imports of fish cord,
net cord, and twine for bagging purposes.
Vehicles, Motor Cars, Cycles, etc. — The chief item is
cycles — a large business being done. There is also a
good demand in Lagos for rickshaws, motor cars and
motor cycles. In 1(.U8, 1G1 motor cars, 118 motor
bicycles, 2,02() bicycles and 775 rickshaws and go-carts
were licenced in Lagos Township. A few of the firms
act as agents for such makes as the " Ford," " Overland,"
"Douglas," " Singer," " Dodge Brothers," etc.
Yarn. — A large business is done in black, white and coloured
yarn. Also in wool.
MISCELLANEOUS. — Goods which have a ready sale and
which have not already been mentioned are as follows: —
Chests of clay pipes : cheap briar pipes : cheap safes.
trucks, weighing machines, flagstones ; galvanised
anchors and chains ; tarpaulins : umbrellas ; walking
sticks : hats and caps (fez, smoking and golf) ; pomades
and .perfumes : beads, sewing machines, snuff boxes,
needles, animal traps, hurricane lanterns, lead bars for
weighting fishing nets : matches, 10 boxes in a packet ;
candles, 25 packets of b' candles in a case. Fish hooks,
washing blue, galena in kegs, dyes in crystals, in 1 oz.
tins. These lines are always stocked by the larger
firms.
The principal exports are : —
Benneseed. Maize.
Cocoa. Palm Kernels.
Cotton Lint. Palm Oil.
Cotton Seed. Rubber.
Ground Nuts. Shea Products.
Hides. Tin Ore.
Mahogany.
Compagnie Francaise
De L'Afrique Occidentale
Societe Anonyme au Capital de
15,000,000 Francs.
GENERAL MERCHANTS.
Head Office :
MARSEILLE (France) 32, Cours Pierre Puget.
Branches at
PARIS, BORDEAUX, MANCHESTER,
and LIVERPOOL.
NIGERIAN BRANCHES:
LAGOS :
P.O. Box No. 160 ; Telegraphic Address: Senafrica.
KANO, PORT HARCOURT, IBADAN,
ABEOKUTA, ZARIA, IMO, ABA,
UMU-AHIA, UZUAKOLI.
Cable Address :
P.O. Box 95.
HENDERSONS, LAGOS.
HENDERSONS
(Manchester) Limited.
Qeneral tJXCerchants
fL%Canufacturers and
Shippers -
Manufacturers of all kinds of COTTON
GOODS and HARDWARE.
Exporters of PALM OIL, KERNELS,
COCOA, GROUND-NUTS, HIDES,
SKINS, Etc.
Indents executed for all classes of Goods
at lowest market prices.
LAGOS and KANO.
Other Branches will be opened shortly at all the
important centres.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 25
The most important of these exports are palm-oil and
palm-kernels which in 1918 were valued at £5,937,526,
which is over 63% of the total value of all produce
exported during the year. Palm-oil is extracted by the
natives from the fruit of the oil-palm tree,* "hard oil"
being obtained from fermented fruit, and "soft oil" without
fermentation. The latter is the more valuable, that
shipped from Lagos being of a particularly high quality.
The oil is obtained from the pericarp or fleshy exterior of
the fruit, and the nuts are then dried and cracked and the
kernels extracted. Both oil and kernels are then sold,
generally through a middleman, to the European merchant
for export. The palm-kernels are crushed by machinery
in Europe or America and the oil extracted is more
valuable than palm-oil. The cake or meal produced from
the kernels after the extraction of the oil is useful as
food for cattle and other animals. The importance of the
raw products of the oil-palm from which are obtained
edible oils and fats, cake and meal, margarine, soap and
glycerine, were brought home to the British public during
the war, and a Committee appointed by the Secretary of
State for the Colonies recommended the imposition
during the war and for five years from its termination of
an export duty on palm-kernels exported from British
West Africa to any place outside the British Empire.!
An Ordinance J has accordingly been enacted imposing a
duty of £2 a ton on all palm-kernels exported from
Nigeria to foreign countries, but this Ordinance has not
yet been brought into force.
Oil, margarine, candles, and cattle food are also
obtained from the Benneseed, Ground nuts and Shea
butter exported from Nigeria. The bulk of the ground
nuts exported from Nigeria are decorticated.
The chief centre of the trade in hides and skins is
Kano. The hides arc of light weight, regular selections
seldom exceeding 11 lb. average. Nigerian goatskins
produce kid of excellent grain and the average size is
good. A considerable trade is done in tanned skins,
selections running as a rule 80°/° Goat and 20°/° Sheep.
The outstanding defect of Nigerian hides and skins is
bad flaying.
" See chapter 9 for a description of this tree.
t Report of the Committee on edible and oil producing nuts and seeds, 1916.
(Cd. 8247).
t No. 7 of 1919.
26 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Ill order to prevent as far as possible the exportation
of produce which, by reason of its being adulterated or
insufficiently or improperly prepared for export, will
damage the reputation of Nigerian produce in the markets
of the United Kingdom and other countries, inspection of
all Palm Produce, Hides and Haired Skins and Cocoa
before export is prescribed by law*. This inspection is
carried out by the Government, a charge being made to
cover the expenses of inspection of 6d. a ton on Palm
Oil and Palm Kernels, Id. a cwt. on Cocoa and T-^d. the fb
on hides and skins. No fee is charged on Palm Kernels
cracked by machinery.
In Appendix III will be found the quantity and value
of the trade in .the above mentioned articles for 1918 and
previous years, together witli statistics of the trade with
various countries and statements showing the percentage
of the imports from and exports to the United Kingdom
and Germany.
A detailed return of the quantities and values of the
various articles which form the Import and Export trade
of Nigeria, and a return of the tonnage of vessels entered
and cleared at the various ports is published every March
or April in respect of the previous year. With this
Statistical Abstract! is a report by the Comptroller of
Customs on the year's trade and the business done in
connection with the registration of Trade Marks. A
Trade Supplement! to the Nigeria Gazette is published
monthly.
There are two Chambers of Commerce in Nigeria, one
at Lagos, established in the year 1888, and the other at
Calabar which dates from 1914.!
A list of the principal European and Native firms
doing business in Nigeria, showing the chief dealers in
certain classes of articles will be found in Appendix IV.
The following enemy firms which were trading in
Nigeria were closed soon after the outbreak of war and
wound up by a Receiver appointed by the Supreme
Court : —
Shipping Companies :
Wbermann Linic.
Niger Benue Transport Gesellschaft.
• Ordinance No 67 of L918.
t Stv Chapter 30 for particulars of this publication.
I For officers and members Bee Supplement.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK,
27
(; en eral Traders :
Behrous and Wehner.
Bey and Zimmer.
Deutsche Kameruu Gr< sell-
schaft.
G. L. Gais< p.
German West African Trad-
ing Co.
Paul Groeriche
lloltman and Co.
Jaekel and Co.
Oscar Kaiser and ( '<>.
Lohman and Victor.
Mertens and Co.
Paul Meyer.
Morin and Co.
Pagenstecher and Co,
Ring and Co.
A. Sachse and Co.
Witt and Busch.
The receipts from Customs duties for the past 19
years are shown in Appendix III. In 1918 they represented
over 34"/° of the total Revenue. The amount received
from Import Duties amounted in 1913 to £1,724,658 and in
1918 only to £896,415. Export Duties in 1918 amounted
to £490,917. The fall in Import Duties is due to the
diminution of the spirits trade.
The following Tariff* lias been in force since the 3rd
July, 1916:—
Duties of Customs.
d.
1. Ale, Beer. Cider, Perry, or Porter, containing not
more than 10% of Alcohol — the Imperial Gallon,
Any such liquor containing more than ten per centum of
alcohol shall be charged as spirits.
2. Arms, Ammunition, and Explosives : —
(1) Cartridges loaded — the hundred : —
(«) For Pistols or Revolvers, ...
(b) For Rifles or Shot Guns
(2) Firearms :—
(a) Flint-lock Guns and Pistols — each
(//) Rifles, Guns, Revolvers and Pistols, other
than Flint-lock — each,
(.'>) Fireworks, which in the opinion of the Comp-
troller are manufactured with a view to produce a pyro-
technic effect — the pound gross. * ..
(4) Gunpowder -the pound,
(5) Swords and Bayonets — each
3. Beads other than real coral —the pound gross, ...
4. Coral (real) — the ounce gross.
5. Earthenware,
6. Enamelware,
7. Furniture, ...
8. Hardware, including cutlery and
articles, domestic and kitchen utensils, not specially classified
in the Official Import List.t ... ... ... 10% ad valorem
9 Ordinance No. 32 of 1916, as amended by Orders-in-Council Nos. 26 and 32
of 1918. and No. 4 of 1919.
T See Regulation No. 13 of 1916.
2
6
. 5
0
. 12
G
. 10
0
. 1
0
. 0
9
. 20
0
. 0
1
. 0
3
.. 10% ad valorem
.. 10% ad valorem
.. 10% ad valorem
all minor metal
0
2
10
0
0
1
28 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
s. d.
0. Hosiery and Underclothing 10% ad valorem
10. Iron-toothed Spring Traps- each, 1 0
11. Kerosene and all other lamp oils and fuel oils not
otherwise specified — the Imperial Gallon,...
12. Kola Nuts— the 100 pounds, ,
13. Lead, in any form -the pound,
14. Matches, per gross of boxes, each box containing not
more than eighty matches ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 0
and in addition per gross of boxes for every additional forty
matches or part thereof, per box, ... ... ... ... ... 0 6
15. Petrol and other Refined Motor spirits — the Imperial
Gallon, 0 6
16. Salt— the cwt 1 0
17. Soap — the cwt., ... 1 3
18. Spirits:-
(1) Trade Spirits, not being sweetened or mixed
with any article so that the degree of strength cannot be
ascertained by Tralles's hydrometer — for every Imperial
Gallon, ... 10 0
And for every degree or part of a degree in excess of
a strength of 50% ascertained as aforesaid, an additional
duty for every Imperial Gallon of , 0 3
And for every degree below a strength of 50% ascer-
tained as aforesaid, a reduction of duty for every Impe-
rial Gallon of , " •. ... 0 li
Provided that the duty levied shall in no case be less
than eight shillings and nine pence per Imperial Gallon, ... 8 9
(2) Brandy, whisky, rum and gin, not being trade
spirits, for every Imperial Gallon. ... ... ... ... 7 6
And for every degree or part of a degree in excess of
a strength of 50%, ascertained by Tralles's hydrometer, an
additional duty for every Imperial Gallon of two pence
half-penny, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 2J
(3) Liqueurs, and all potable spirits, liquid compounds
or other compounds capable of being liquified containing
spirits being sweetened or mixed with any article so that
the degree of strength cannot be ascertained by Tralles's
hydrometer, for every Imperial Gallon, ... ... ... 10 0
(4) Perfumed or medicated spirits, the Imperial
Gallon 10 0
(5) Non-potable methylated and other non-potable
spirits admitted to entry as such by the Collector, the
Imperial Gallon 0 2
Note. — Trade Spirits means spirits imported for use by the
Natives and not generally consumed by Europeans.
19. Thread, and yarn of all kinds 10% ad valorem
20. Tobacco : -
m Cigars -the fifty
(2) Cigarettes- the hundred. ...
(3) Manufactured tobacco or snuff— the pound.
(4) Unmanufactured tobacco— the pound.
1
II
0
:»
1
0
1
(»
s.
0
.1
3
2
3
0
0
THE NIGERIA HANDJiOOh. 29
21. Umbrellas, each
22. Wines, containing not more than 20% of alcohol :—
(a) Still wines, including vermouth and ginger wine
the Imperial Gallon
(h) Sparkling wines -the Imperial Gallon,
Any such liquor containing more than 20% of alcohol
shall be charged duty as spirits.
23. Wearing apparel ... ... ... 10% ad valorem
24. Woven Manufactures (except bags for packing produce
and specie) : —
(a) Woven goods other than grey baft, including lace
and net ... ... ... ... ... 10% ad valorem
(b) Grey Baft — the pound gross, 0 1
There shall be levied by way of duty, in addition to the duties
above prescribed, a SURTAX of 2.V,0 on the duties leviable in respect of
all dutiable goods other than the goods within items 2 (1), 18 (1) and
(2), 20 (4) above.
Exemptions prom Duties of Customs.
1 . All goods certified to be the property of the French Government
imported in transit to territories beyond Nigeria by way of the
Nigerian Railway.
2. All goods imported by the Inspector-General of the West
African Frontier Force and his Staff Officers for their private use
when on tours of inspection.
3. All goods officially imported for the use of His Majesty's
Troops ; and all goods imported for the use of His Majesty's ships
or for any officers or members of the crew serving on His Majesty's
ships.
4. All goods imported in special circumstances for objects of a
general public character, or an enterprise deemed to be beneficial to
Nigeria, with the approval of the Governor in Council.
5. All goods imported with the sanction of the Governor by
Boundary and other Special Commissioners and their Assistants for
their private use while executing their duties.
(>. All goods imported for the service of any Public Department
of Nigeria.
7. All goods in transit under the Niger Transit Order in Council.
1903, and by inland navigation to Dahomey.
B. All goods not specified as dutiable.
9. Arms, accoutrements, equipments and uniforms, the property
of Officers of His Majesty's Army. Navy or Civil Service, imported by
such Officers for their personal use on duty, as required by the
regulations of the service.
10. Clothing imported immediately before embarkation which
the Collector is satisfied is intended for the importer's personal use on
a voyage to a place outside the Tropics.
30 THE NIGERIA HANDUOOlv.
11. Net Cord.
12. Packages in which goods are ordinarily imported unless duty
is charged on gross weight.
13. Passengers' baggage, including wearing apparel and personal
effects passed as such by the Collector, in which may be included
spirits or scent not exceeding- one bottle of each, cigars or cigarettes
not exceeding one hundred of each, or any tobacco not exceeding one
pound in weight.
14. Patterns, samples and advertisements, passed as such by the
direction of the Comptroller.
If). Stores sent by a Foreign Government for the official use of
Consular Officers of that Government in Nigeria, provided that equally
favourable treatment is accorded by that Government to British
Consular Officers.
It). All articles required fon personal use in West Africa and
passed as such by the Collector (except wi les, spirits, tobacco, cigars,
cigarettes, guns. ii flea and cartridges') imported by European Govern-
ment officials and officers in any of His Majesty's Forces in Nigeria
(or their wives) who have completed sixteen months in their current
tour of service in West Africa.
Export Duties arc charged* on certain produce when
exported from Nigeria as follows : —
e s. d.
Cocoa, per ton ' 2 68
Palm Oil. per ton 2 0 0
Palm Kernels, per ton ... ... ... ... 1 2 6
Ground Nuts, per ton ... ... ... ... 0 10 0
Hides and Skins, tanned, per lb. ... ... ... 0 0 3
Hides and Skins, un tanned or haired, per lb. ... 0 0 2
These export duties were first imposed in 1916.
Rent according to the following scale is charged! on
goods deposited in a King's Warehouse or deposited within
the precincts of the Customs premises: —
Re.it per week.
s. d.
Barrels and casks not exceeding sixty gallons capacity
(empty) each, ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 6
Barrels and casks not exceeding sixty gallons (containing
any goods) -each, ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 0
Barrels and casks exceeding sixty gallons capacity
(empty) each 1 0
Barrels and casks exceeding sixty gallons (containing
any goods) each,
Bricks, slates, Tiles per hundred
Lumber per 1 ,000 superficial feet,
Shooks and 11 • .- 1 < 1 s per bundle, ...
oi 1916, and < I L917.
t Regulation No. 13 of 1916.
•_)
0
1
0
4
i)
i)
:\
I 111. M(. I. HI . 11 \Mj|JO«jK
;l
0
3
0
6
0
2
0
6
1
ii
• ad D< mijohns of Bpirits and wv li.
\\ ich, ...
Bach Cai Bal< Tn Packagi or article not enumerated
not < <•> eding 1 \'l lb.,
I. ding Liz lb. Ihii not exceeding 250 lb.,
2i 0 .. .. 500
Am'I Bd. for every 250 lb. or part thereof in excel
of 500 lb.
Provided thai packages or articli - r< maining for more than four
- in the King's warehouse Lagos and Calabar shall be charged
double the rat< of ri lit shown in the foregoing table for any period in
; lour w • • i. I r'e baggage U allowed to remain free
]i for I ks and most oth de lor seventy-two hours
exclusive of Sundays and Holidays, l*ut in case of shortage of labour
or other emergency tin; Governor may authorise tin; Comptroller to
permii go »e stored within the pi ol bht Customs premises
in Lagos, fr< c of n nt, in the case oi tipment, until
such shipmei t, and in the cas< of other for n period not
of Sundays and public holid i
Where the Customs provide warehouses, spirits and
tobacco can (><• entered for warehouse at the following
rules of rent : —
For the 1
month or part
For
■
mon
part t
s.
each
eding
th or
lereof.
B.
d.
d.
Tobacco (including Cigar< ttee and ( iigars) :
in Kegs no ding 70 11*. each, ...
0
n
0
M
In K«'j- ' i ■> eding 7') 11*. each,
0
6
0
•>
Tierces and 1 [ogsneads ...
1
3
0
9
( Sases up to 50 H*.
0
2*
0
t\
.. 90
0
6
0
3
.. 170
'1
'J
0
6
ing 170 11*. ..
1
3
0
9
Spirit - and Win*
It, casks, each
1
3
0
9
In cases and Demijohns, each
0
Of
0
Oi
The following charges* are made for rent on Firearms
and Explosives stored in Government Warehouses: —
For every arm of precision per week or part of a week.
For everj case or box of ammunition per week <*r pari
of a weok, ...
For everj case of arms other than arms of precision, per
k or part of a week,
For « •'• '•!•;. 100 lb of gunpoi "itli or pari of a
month,
s.
0
d.
6
0
1
0
6
0
9
32
THE MGE1UA HANDBOOK.
Not more than ten gallons of petroleum may be kept
in any premises in a town other than a Government
Petroleum Store or a private Licensed Store. In a
Government Store rent is charged at the rate of Id. a
month on every case containing not more than 8J gallons,
or in larger cases or when not packed in cases at the
rate of Id. per ten gallons. The fees payable for licences
for private Stores vary according to the class of Petroleum
to be stored and the capacity of the store.*
The fee for a licence for a private warehouse for the
deposit of trade powder or flint-lock guns is £25 and for a
private warehouse for ordinary bonded imports is £20.
are
The hours of attendance of the Customs Officers
Indoor and warehousing 7 a.m. to 1 1 a.m. and 1 p.m. to 4 p.m.
(Ports of Lagos, Forcados and Opobo 7 a.m. to noon, and 2 p.m.
to 4 p.m.). On Saturday, 7 a.m. to noon.
Outdoor 6 a.m. to 6 p.m., with a reasonable interval for meals at
midday.
Work may be allowed, by permit, on Sundays and
Public Holidays or before or after working hours on other
days, and the following fees are charged for the services
of officers at times other than those appointed for general
attendance.
Rank of Officers.
Collector or Supervisor.
Wharfinger,
Clerk
For every hour or part thereof.
s. d.
10 0
6 0
2 0
Any person requiring the attendance of a clerk out-
side the regular hours shall, in addition to the fees paid
for the services of the clerk in attendance, pay fees for
such disciplinary visits as may be deemed necessary.
At Lagos the labour for landing and assorting goods
from vessels at the Customs Wharf is provided by the
Customs, a charge of
owner of I Ik- ship.
id.
a package being made to the
ilfttion No. LV) of ll* IT.
TIIK Ml.KlM V II VNDItOOK. 33
The following are the Ports* of Entry of Nigeria : —
Ak;issa. Koko Town.
Bonny. Lagos.
Brass. Opobo.
Calabar. Port Harcourt.
Degema. Sapele.
Forcados. VVarri.
Illo. Yola.
The limits of these ports were defined in Nigeria
Gazette of the 3rd July, 1916. In Appendix V is shown
the total tonnage of British and Foreign vessels entered
and cleared at the ports of Nigeria during the years 1910
to 1918.
The present law with regard to Trade Marks is con-
tained in Ordinance No. 20 of 1914 and Regulations Nos. 2
of 1916 and 60 of 1918. A registrable trade mark must
contain or consist of at least one of the following essential
particulars : —
(1) The name of a company, individual or firm represented in a
special or particular manner ;
(2) The signature of the applicant for registration or some
predecessor in his business ;
(3) An invented word or invented words ;
(4) A word or words having no direct reference to the character
or quality of the goods and not being according to its ordinary
signification a geographical name or a surname.
(5) Any other distinctive mark (adapted to distinguish the goods
of the proprietor of the trade mark from those of other
persons) ; but a name, signature or word or words, other than
such as fall within the description in (1) to (4) above, is not
deemed a distinctive mark except by order of the Court,
unless it has already been registered in England as a distinctive
mark under the Trade Marks Act, 1905.
The Comptroller of Customs is Registrar of Trade
Marks, the Registry being at the Custom House,
Lagos. The following are the fees prescribed : —
£ s. d.
1. On application to register a trade mark for one or
more articles included in one class, ... ... 1 0 0
la. On application under section 62 of the Ordinance
for leave to register a mark for goods in more than one class — ■
In respect of every class ... ... ... 0 10 0
Total fee in no case to exceed £10 for any number
of classes.
* See Chapter 7.
:»4 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
£ s. d.
2. For registration of a trade mark fur one or more
articles included in one class. ... ... ... ... ... 10 0
3. On application to register a series of marks for one
or more articles included in one class. ... ... ... ... 1 <• 0
4. For registration of a series of trade marks for one
or more articles included in one class :
For the first mark, 100
And for every other mark of the series ... ... ... 0 5 0
4a. For registration under section 62 of the Ordinance
of a mark for goods in more than one class-
In respect of every class ... ... ... ... ... 1 0 <>
Total fee in no case to exceed £20 for any number
of classes.
5. On application to extend rights in respect of a trade
mark to the Northern Provinces. ... ... ... ... 1 0 0
6. For entering in register notice of such extension. ... 1 0 0
7. On application to extend rights to the Northern
Provinces in respect of a trade mark registered in two or
more classes :
For the first application 10 0
And for every other application 0 5 0
8. For entering in register notice of such extension in
respect of a trade mark registered in two or more classes :
For the first entry 1 0 0
And for every other entry, ... ... ... ... 0 ."> 0
9. On notice of opposition, for each application opposed
by opponent 1 0 0
10. On filling counter-statement in answer to notice
of opposition, by the applicant for each application opposed t) 1" 0
11. On application to register:! subsequent proprietor
in cases of assignment or transmission of a single mark 1 0 0
12. On application to registers subsequeni proprietor
of more than one mark standing in the same name, the
devolution of title being identical in each case :
For the first mark 1 0 0
And for every other mark 0 5 0
13. For every additional mark assign* d or transmitted
at the same time. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... i) 5 0
11 IK NTGKKI \ HANDBOOK. 36
<4.
14. On application bo change the name of a proprietor
applies
of a single mark where there lias been no alteration in the
proprietorship. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 5 0
15. On application to change the name of a proprietor
of more than one mark standing in the same name, the
change being the same in each case :
For the firsi mark. ... ... ... ... ... ... 05 0
And for every other mark, 0 1 0
16. For renewal of registration of mark at the expira-
tion of last registration, ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 0 0
17. For renewal of registration of a series of marks at
the expiration of last registration :
For the first mark, ... ... ... ... 1 0 0
And for every other mark of the series, ... ... 0 2 0
18. Additional fee when renewal fee is not paid within
prescribed period but within one month of advertisement, 0 10 0
19. Additional fee when renewal fee is not paid within
prescribed period but within two mouths of advertisement, 10 0
20. For altering a single entry of address of a regis-
tered proprietor. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 05 0
21. For altering more than one entry of the address of
a registered proprietor where the address in each case is the
same and is altered in the same way :
For the first entry 0 5 0
And for every other entry. ... ... ... ... 0 1 0
22. For every entry in the register of rectification
thereof, or an alteration therein, not otherwise charged, ... 0 10 0
23. For cancelling the entry or part of the entry of a
trade mark upon the register, on the application of the
owner of such trade mark. ... ... ... ... ... 0 5 0
24. On request not otherwise charged for correction of
formal errors in applications or register, ... ... .. 0 5 0
2.3. For certificate of refusal to register a trade mark, 10 0
26. For certificate of refusal at the same time for more
than one trade mark, for each additional trade mark after
the first 0 10 0
27. For certificate of registration to be used in legal
proceedings. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 0 0
28. For certificate of Registrar not otherwise charged
and other than certificate of registration or extension. ... 0 5 0
29. For inspecting register, for every quarter of an hour. 0 2 0
3t> THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
£ s. d
30. For inspecting documents lodged in connection
with the registration of a trade mark 0 2 0
31. For office copy of documents, for every hundred
words or part thereof , ... ... ... ... '... ... 0 2 0
3*2. For certifying office copies, manuscripts or printed
matter, 0 5 0
33. On an application to the Registrar to state grounds
of decision and materials used in forming decision not to
register a trade mark. ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 10 0
34. For endorsement of certificate of registration by
the Registrar when marks registered under the old classifica-
tion are transferred to new. ... ... ... ... ... 0 5 0
35. On an application to the Regi strar for apportionment
of marks on dissolution of partnership. ... ... ... 0 5 0
36. On an application to the Registrar for leave to add
to or alter a single mark 10 0
37. On application to the Registrar for leave to add to
or alter more than one mark of the same proprietor, the
addition or alteration to be made in each case being the same :
For the first mark ' 10 0
And for every other mark, 0 10 0
38. For search by Registrar. 0 10 0
39. Where a block exceeds two inches in breadth, or
depth, or in breadth and depth :
For every inch or part of an inch o\*er two inches in
breadth 0 2 0
For every inch or part of an inch over two inches in
depth 0 2 0
The Central Secretary is the Registrar of Patents,
which may be granted only for those inventions for which
patents have already been granted in the United King-
dom.
A petition for the grant of a Patent must be accom-
panied by (a) the original patent granted in the United
Kingdom or a certified copy of it (b) a certified copy of
the complete specification accompanying the application
for the patent in the United Kingdom (c) a declaration in
the form prescribed by the Ordinance, No. 30 of 1916, and
((/) the prescribed fee.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. $7
Provisional protection for an invention may be granted
by the Governor in Council on the petition of the owner
of the invention. The petition must be accompanied by
(a) a specification describing the nature of the invention
(b) a statutory declaration that the petitioner has applied,
or intends to apply within three months for the grant of a
Patent in the United Kingdom in respect of such invention
and (c) the prescribed fee. The fees prescribed by the
Ordinance (as amended by Regulation No. 16 of 1917) are
as follows : —
On submitting a petition for provisional protection in
respect of an invention, ... ... ... ... ... 100
On filing petition for a patent. 10 0
On every patent :
(a) on the grant of the patent 5 0 0
(b) before the expiration of the fourth year from
the date of patent. 10 0 0
(c) before the expiration of the eighth year from
the date of the patent 20 0 0
On application for extension. ... ... ... ...100
On the grant of extension or original patent in lieu of
extension :
If the grant is for a period of less than five years, ... 5 0 0
If the grant is for a period of five years or more but
less than nine years 15 0 0
If the grant is for nine years or more 35 0 0
On application for registration of notifications of assign-
ments, transmissions, etc 1 0 0
On registering notifications of assignments, transmissions,
etc 0 10 0
For every inspection and search of register, etc., for
every half hour, 0 2 6
For certified copies of entries in the register, for every
extract not exceeding a folio of 72 words. ... 0 10 0
And for every folio or portion of a folio exceeding 72
words at the rate of (per folio) 0 10
j\'o/e. — Applicants must in addition pay the cost of all requisite advertisements in the
Gazette and other papers. This generally amounts to £1,
38 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Patent and Trade Mark agency business is under-
taken by most of the Legal Practitioners mentioned in
the Supplement.
The following enactments affecting trade, &c, are in
force : —
The Bills of Exchange Ordinance. No. 38 of 1917.
The Companies Ordinance (of Southern Nigeria) No. 8 of 1012,
amended and extended to the whole of Nigeria by Ordinance No. 66
of 1917.
The Folded Woven Goods Ordinance, No. 69 of 1917.
The Merchandise Marks Ordinance. No. 23 of 1915.
The Copyright Act, 1911, Ordinance No. 10 of 1918. and the
Copyright Regulations No. 39 of 1918.
The Copyright Act, 1911, was applied to Nigeria with effect from
the 1st July, 1912 (see Northern and Southern Nigeria Gazettes of
that date). The importation of any reproduction of a work in which
copyright lies is restricted by the Customs Ordinance, 1916, and the
Criminal Code Ordinance, 1916, provides for the punishment of
persons convicted of offences in relation to copyright.
CHAPTER VF.
Banking, Currency, and Weights and Measurks.
The Bank of British West, Africa, Ltd.,* and the
Colonial Bank | are the only Banks doing business in
Nigeria. The former has branches established at Lagos,
Ebute Metta, Calabar, Porcados Warri, Onitsha, Fort
Harcourt, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Zaria, Kadnna, Jos, Kanoand
Lokoja and there are agencies at other stations. The
latter Bank was only established in Nigeria in 1917 and
has branches at Lagos, Ebute Metta, Ibadan, Zaria,
Onitsha, Port Harcourt, Jos and Kano."
The West African Currency Board was constituted J
in November, 1912, " to provide for and to control the
supply of currency to the British West African Colonies
and Protectorates, to insure that the currency is main-
tained in satisfactory condition, and generally to watch
over the interests of the dependencies in question so far
as currency is concerned. The members of the Board
and the Secretary are appointed by the Secretary of
State The Board may charge
for coin or notes to be delivered in West Africa against
prepayment in London, such premium above the nominal
value not exceeding the actual cost of transporting specie
(packing, carriage, insurance) as they may think fit, and
within this limit, may vary the charge from time to time.
If coin or notes are delivered on telegraphic order to
West Africa the Board may increase the premium as they
see fit. In West Africa silver given by the Board in
exchange for gold presented there will be issued at par."§
The headquarters of the Board is in London and the
Treasurer of Nigeria is the local Currency Officer.
It is estimated that there is nearly £5,000,000 worth
of coin in circulation in Nigeria. The coins current
are : — United Kingdom gold, silver and bronze coins ;
-Head Office— 17 and 18 Leaclenhall Street, London, E.C.
f Head Office— 29, Gracechurch Street, London, E.C. 3.
X Following the Report of a Departmental Committee on matters affecting the
Currency of the British West African Colonies and Protectorates. iCd. 6426 Minutes of
Evidence published separately as Cd. 6427).
§Keport of the West African Currency Board for the year ended 30th June, 1916
(Cd. 8372).
(39)
40 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
West African silver coin?, of the values of 2s., Is.,
6d., and 3d.; and Nigerian nickel-bronze coins of the
values of Id., Jd., and T\,d. The United Kingdom coins
are being gradually superseded by the West African and
Nigerian Coinage which were introduced, the latter in
1907, 1908 and 1911, and the former in 1913.
The amount of nickel-bronze coin imported into
Nigeria since 1907 (to the end of June, 1918) was
£163,848 10s. Od. There is relatively a very small demand
for gold coin and the amount in circulation is insignificant.
There are however very large amounts of silver in the
country. This is explained by the fact that silver coins
are legal tender to any extent and also that in former
years silver coin was supplied in Nigeria at its nominal
value, the freight and other incidental charges being
borne by the Imperial Government. Even now the small
premium charged 'on silver coin delivered in Nigeria
against prepayment in London is very much below the
cost. The addition to the silver coin circulation in
Nigeria since 1913 is over £2,500,000. It is impossible to
estimate the circulation before 1913.
The natives are very suspicious of and are unwilling
to be paid in coins of Queen Victoria's reign and half-
crowns of any date. Native currency in the form of
cowries, manillas, and brass rods is still used in some
parts, but further importation is prohibited, and the
abolition of such native currency is being gradually
effected. Barter still prevails in the more backward
districts.
The British gold sovereign is the standard coin, and
all coins which, under the Coinage Acts of 1870 and 1891,
are legal tender in the United Kingdom and all West
African and Nigerian subsidiary coins are legal tender in
Nigeria, gold and silver coins to any extent and bronze
and nickel-bronze coins to the amount of one shilling.*
By Ordinance No. 27 of 1915, British Currency Notes
were declared to be legal tender in Nigeria, but they have
practically no circulation there.
Ordinance No. 11 of 1910 authorised the issue of West
African Currency Notes which are at present of live
denominations, viz., B5, £l, 10s., 2s., and Is. These notes
* Order in Council of 28th Jul v, 1906, as amended by Orders in Council of 9ttt
September, 1907, 19th October, 1908, 2nd August, 1910, and 7th May, 1913.
TILE NIGERIA HANDBOOK,
41
are legal tender and can always be exchanged* at their
face value at the Head Oiliee of the Bank of British
West Africa, Ltd., in Lagos, which has been declared the
Currency Office so far as these notes are concerned.
The notes have their value printed on the back in Hausa,
in Arabic characters. The face value of these notes in
circulation in Nigeria at the end of March 1919 was
£658,395.t
Owiug to the difficulty of obtaining silver and nickel
coins from England during 1918 and also on account of
the hoarding of coin by the natives there occurred a
serious shortage of currency at the end of the year and
to meet this it became necessary to issue special local
(Nigerian) notes of 20s., 10s., and Is., of a total value of
£73,900. These local notes were declared legal tender by
Ordinance No. 22 of 1918.
Accounts are kept in sterling both by the public and
by the Government.
The Weights and Measures used in Nigeria are the
same as those in use in Great Britain. The following fees
are payablef to the Inspectors of Weights and Measures,
who are generally members of the Police Force : —
For comparing and stamping or marking : —
Each weight to be used with any weighing-machine
Other weights : —
Each weight of 2 lb. or above
Each set of weights, or portion thereof, under 2 lb
Each measure of length or capacity
For each certificate ...
For each machine constructed to weigh : —
1 lb. or under ...
Over 1 lb. and not exceeding 14 lb.
6d.
14 1b.
56 1b.
1 cwt.
5 cwt.
1 ton.
10 tons
56 lb.
1 cwt.
5 cwt.
1 ton
10 tons
3d.
b.
6d.
. . .
3d.
Is.
Gd.
2d.
...
3d.
6d.
Is.
Od.
Is.
6d.
2s.
Od.
5s.
Od.
... 10s.
Od.
* Thi9 right of exchange has been temporarily suspended owing to the silver shortage
by Ordinance No. 6 of 1919 and Order in Council No. 15 of 1919.
t The circulation in the Gold Coast at the same date was £672,795 in Sierra Leone
£144,2.50, and in the Gambia £108,300.
t Ordinance No. 36 of 1917.
CHAPTER VII.
Shipping, Ports and Internal Communications.
Shipping. — The vessels of the African Steamship
Company and the British and African Steam Navigation
Company are the only ones running regularly between
England and Nigeria. Both of these lines are under the
management of Messrs. Elder Dempster and Co., Ltd.*
and practically constitute one service.f The mail steamers
sail from Liverpool and, stopping at various ports J along the
west coast of Africa, reach Lagos in about fifteen days.
The return voyage takes about sixteen days. Since the
War the regular service beyond Lagos has been curtailed,
but there is still steamship communication with Forcados,
Bonny, Port Harcourt, Opobo and Calabar.
Ports.— The ports of Nigeria are all situated on
rivers, at the mouths of which are shifting sand bars. In
spite of this they can all be reached. by large ocean-going
steamers, although some of the bars cannot be crossed by
deeply-laden vessels. §
Tiie chief port is Lagos, which is on an island in the
large lagoon formed by the Ogun and other ysmall rivers.
Up to a recent date it was impossible for large steamers
to enter the lagoon, the passage from the sea being
obstructed by a dangerous bar, and it was therefore
necessary for passengers and cargo to be transferred
to a smaller steamer in the open roadstead or at Forcados,
By the construction of a mole on either side of the
entrance, and by the constant dredging of t lie channel,
the depth of water has been considerably increased
and mail steamers can now enter the lagoon and lie
* Head Office : Colonial House. Water Snvct. Liverpool,
t Bates of freight and passenger fares are given in the Supplement.
JThe usual ports of call are Freetown (Sierra Leone); and Scceondee and
Accra (Gold Coast). Before the War these -learners also called at one of the
Canary Islands or at Madeira.
§ The following are the maximum draughts lor vessels proceeding to the
various porta: Calabar, Bonny and Tort Harcourt, -M feet; Lagos, 2(1 feet:
Forcados. 19 feet : Degema 18 feet : Kbkotown and Sapele, 16 feel 6 inches: Hnrutii.
If. teet : Akassa and Bra". 1.1 feet : Opobo and Warn. 13 feet.
Ii has not been less than 19 feet since March, 1916.
(42)
\\r a. \ f • The Gambia, Sierra Leone,
west Ait ica : Qold Coast and Nigeria>
Regular Express and Cargo Services
(Carrying His Majesty's Mails)
Maintained to and from
LIVERPOOL
BY THE
African Steamship Company
(Incorporated by Royal Charter)
AND THE
British & African Steam Navigation
Co., Limited.
Excellent accommodation ; with all modern
conveniences ; Hot and Cold Baths ; Electric
Light and Bells.
The Express Service Steamers are fitted with
Refrigerating Chambers, ensuring a constant
supply of fresh meat, vegetables, etc.
Full particulars, rates of passages and freights may be obtained
from
Elder Dempster & Co., Ltd.
HEAD OFFICE: COLONIAL HOUSE, LIVERPOOL.
And at London, Manchester. Hull, Birmingham, Cardiff.
Bathurst (Gambia). Sierra Leone, Lagos &c, &c.
Agencies at all principal ports on the Coast.
PATERSON, ZOCHONIS
AND COMPANY, LIMITED.
HEAD OFFICE .
42, Whitworth Street, Manchester.
LIVERPOOL OFFICE :
1 1 , Rumford Street.
MARSEILLE OFFICE:
60, Rue St. Ferreol.
WEST AFRICAN MERCHANTS.
Importers and Exporters of all
classes of merchandise and
West African Products.
SOLE AGENTS IN NIGERIA FOR
THE WICHITA MOTOR TRUCKS.
• BRANCHES AT:
Lagos, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Oyo, Oshogbo, Ilorin, Zaria,
Kano, Maidugeri, Calabar, Port Harcourt, etc.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 43
alongside the Customs Wharf. It is hoped that, when
the harbour works are completed, vessels drawing up
to 24 feet will he able to enter and navigate the
harbour, which is being improved by dredging and
increased wharfage accommodation. Iddo Island, which
is also in the lagoon, is at present the main terminus of
the Western Section of the Nigerian Railway, and small
steamers can lie alongside the wharves there and
discharge their cargo into railway tracks.
At Apapa, on the' mainland opposite Lagos, there are
also railway wharves which can be reached by vessels of
medium draught. The construction of large docks and
the extension of the wharves are now under consideration
and when these are completed Apapa will replace Iddo as
the main terminus.
Foreados is situated on the principal outlet of the
River Niger, and vessels proceeding to Burutu, the Niger'
Company's headquarters, five miles up the river, are
required to enter there. At Foreados also are entered all
vessels proceeding through the creeks to the ports of
Warri, Koko Town and Sapele.
Port Harconrt has only recently come into existence,
but is growing rapidly in importance owing to its being
the terminus of the Eastern Division of the Railway and
the port from which the coal from Udi is shipped.
The other ports are Akassa, Bonny, Brass, Calabar,
Degema and Opobo.
Docking facilities for small steamers are available at
Burutu (The Niger Company, Ltd.) and at Lagos (The
Nigerian Dry Dock and Engineering Co., Ltd.). The
Government also possesses docking facilities.
The following dnes are levied on vessels calling at
Nigerian ports : —
n
Light Dues. — For every ship of a registered tonnage
of 100 tons or over which shall enter any poi t of Nigeria
there are payable1' Light Dnes at the rate of two-pence
per ton. These dnes are not payable more than once in
any two months in respect of any ship, and, in the case of
• Regulation No. 47 of 1917, made under The Ports Ordinance, 1917.
44
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK,
ships trading between the ports of Nigeria only, the dues
are not payable more than once in every twelve months.
Ships of War and Telegraph ships of the African Direct
Telegraph Company are exempt from Light Dues.
Buoyaije Dues are payable* for ships entering any
Nigerian port, other than the port of Lagos, at the
following rates, provided that a vessel on which dues
have been paid at one port shall not, for a period of two
months from the date of her clearing from that port, be
liable to any dues other than the additional dues leviable
for calling at a second or third port, and that no
additional dues shall be payable for calling at any number
of ports in excess of three within a period of two
months : —
Vessels.
Of 2,000
tons and
over.
Of 1,000 and
under 2.000
tons.
Of 500 and
under 1,000
tons.
Of under
500 tons.
At first Port ...
At second Port
At third Port ..-.
£ s. d.
10 0 0
5 o o
3 0 ')
£ s. d.
7 0 0
3 10 0
2 10 0
£ s. d.
5 0 0
■2 10 0
1 10 0
£ s. d.
2 0 0
1 10 0
1 10 0
Ships trading between ports in Nigeria only are not
liable for Buoyage Dues more than once in twTelve months.
Ships of War, Telegraph ships of the African Direct
Telegraph Company, and, according to a special arrange-
ment, all ships owned by Messrs. Elder Dempster & Co.,
Ltd., are exempt from these dues.
Bertliagc Dues. — For every ship which shall lie
alongside any Government wharf in the port of Lagos
there are payable* Berthage Dues at the rate of one
penny per ton of the registered tonnage of the ship for
each forty-eight hours or part of forty-eight hours during
which the ship shall lie alongside such wharf. British
Ships of War are exempt.
Towage Dues.— AH ships with a draught of fourteen
feet or over must be attended by a Government tug when
proceeding inwards or outwards over the Lagos Bar or
when being moved from our berth to another in the port
and inside the Bar.
Regulation No. 47 of 1917 made under The Ports Ordinance. M7
I UK NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
46
£
s.
(1.
15
0
0
18
0
0
20
0
0
There is payable* in respect of every such ship both
on entering and leaving the port, Towage Dues at the
following rates : —
When the draught of the ship does not exceed 1G feet
When the draught of the ship exceeds 16 feet but
does not exceed 20 feet
When the draught of the ship exceeds 20 feet
When a ship enters or leaves the port on a Sunday or
Public Holiday there is payable an additional due of
£1 10s. to cover overtime charges.
No additional due is payable for a Government tug
attending a ship when being moved from one berth to
another within the bar except when such attendance is
given on a Sunday or Public Holiday when additional dues
are payable at the following rates to cover overtime
charges: -
£ s. d.
For any period not exceeding 1 1 hours ... 0 15 0
exceeding 1 'f hours ... ... 1 10 0
Ships of war or auxiliary ships belonging to His
Majesty or any Foreign Government, are exempt.
Anchorage Dues.— For every ship which shall remain
in any port for more than one month there are payable*
Anchorage Dues at the rate of fourpence per ton on the
registered tonnage for each day or part of a day on which
the ship shall remain in port after the expiration of one
month from the date of the arrival of the ship in the port.
The Harbour Master may exempt from all or any part
of such dues any ship which remains in a port for the
purpose of effecting repairs. All Ships of War are exempt
from Anchorage Dues.
In any special case the Governor may exempt any ship
from all or any of the above mentioned dues.
Harbour Dues are payable! *n respect of the port of
Lagos only on every passenger, animal, and ton of cargo
embarked or shipped in the harbour or landed or unshipped
in the harbour by or from any vessel leaving or eutering
the harbour by sea ; also in respect of every passenger,
animal, and ton of cargo carried in any vessel passing
through the harbour between the sea and the inland
° Regulation No. 47 of 1917 made under The Ports Ordinance, 1917.
+ Ordinance No. 63 of 1917 as amended by No. 2:! of 1913.
46 Mil- NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
waters situated within or beyond the Colony. The Dues
payable are as follows: —
1st and "2nd Class passengers, each ... ... ... 4s.
Other passengers, each ... ... ... ... ... Is.
Horses, mules, donkeys, and cattle, per head 3s.
Sheep, goats and swine per head Is. 6d.
Cargo (other than certain products on which special
rates are charged) per ton-weight or measurement
on which freight is charged ... ... ... ... 4s.
Passengers' baggage, ship's stores and bunker coal,
specie, and visitors to ships, are exempt from Harbour
Dues.
Pilotage. — Every ship of more than ten tons nett
registered tonnage entering, leaving, or changing its berth
in the port of Lagos js required* to be in charge of a pilot.
The charges for pilotage of a ship by a Government
Pilot in or out of Lagos Harbour are :—■
For a ship drawing not more than 10 feet 6 inches
10s. per foot or part thereof exceeding G inches.
For a ship drawing not more than 17 feet 6 inches
18 „• G ..
19 .. G ..
20 .. G ..
For a ship drawing over 20 feet G inches
The Shipping and Navigation Ordinance (No. 47 of 1917)
lays down the fees to be paid for the registration,
measurement or inspection of vessels and the engagement
or discharge of crews.
Government Tugs may be hired for vessels in distress
at the discretion of the Director of Marine, provided
they are available for the service. The following is the
scale of charges for services within the limits of the
Port of Lagos : —
E
Proceeding to scene of operations (first day) 50
Proceeding to scene of operations (second and follow-
ing d-iy>). each day 5
Actively engaged or only standing by at scene of
<»jn rations, per hour ... ... ... ... ... G
fn addition a remuneration will he due to those actually
participating in the operations at the rate of 30% on the total
sum charged in each specified ca
° Regulations Nob. 12 of 1915 and 15 ol 1918 made under the Pilotage Ordinance,
1915.
£ s.
d.
8 11
i)
9 4
0
0 19
0
10 16
0
11 15
o
INK NIGERIA HANDBOOK. I <
These charges, which include coal and stores
consumed, do not affect the right of Government to claim
salvage for a successful operation. At the discretion of
the Director of Marine special rates may be made to apply
to meet special circumstances.
The following rates are charged for extinguishing
fire on vessels in Lagos Harbour bv the steam tug
"Barman":
e
For proceeding to the scene of operations ... ... 20
For every hour or part of an hour whilst actually
employed pumping ... ... ... ... ... 6
For every hour or part of an hour standing by vessel
but not pumping ... ... ... ... ... ... 3
In addition, a remuneration will be due to those actually
participating in the operations at the rate of 30% on the total
Mini charged in each specified cast-.
Motor Pumps can also be hired at the discretion of the Director of
Marine.
Rivers and Creeks—The River Niger and its chief
tributary, the Benue, are great natural highways, which
in the early days of the Northern Nigeria Protectorate
formed, with the Kaduna River (another important
tributary) the only lines of communication available to the
Government. The Niger is navigable for small steamers
of ten feet draught, from July to October, as high as
Jebba, while flat bottomed river boats can reach the mouth
of the Kaduna at any time of the year. During the rainy
season the Benue is navigable for steamers of eight feet
draught as far as Vela. Prior to the War there were
regular services on these rivers maintained by the
Government, but these have since been partially sus-
pended. Transport by the vessels of the Niger Company
is sometimes available. The annual lise and fall on these
rivers is remarkable, there being a difference of as much
as 35 feet between high and low water.
The other rivers which afford communication with the
interior are the Benin, Sombreiro, Bonny, Imo, Kwa-lho
and Cross. They are connected with one another and
48 nil NIGERIA UVMHHiok.
with the numerous channels of the Niger delta by an
immense number of creeks and lagoons; which extend to
beyond the western boundary of Nigeria. It is possible to
travel by Launch through these creeks from Da homey to
Opobo. There were, before the War, several regular mail
and transport services maintained on these rivers and
creeks by the craft of the Marine Department, the
principal of these being: —
The Lagos Sapele.
The Foroados Warri.
The Bonny Ojx^lx^ AJcassa.
The Cross River.
Only a limited service is now maintained on the (Yoss
River but there is a service between Foroados, Bonny,
Degema and Opobo and a few other stations.
A tew of the trading firms keep small vessels for
plying on rivers and ereeks not navigable by large craft.
Tin- Ohargeurs Reunis steamship Company maintains a
service through the ereeks between Lagos and Dahomey.
A great deal oi the trade of Nigeria is carried on by
canoes through the creeks, and large rafts oi timber are
floated along them. One oi the most important of the
duties o( the Marino Department is the clearing of these
ereeks of '•sudd" and other obstructions.
Railways. -The Nigerian Railway has been construc-
ted and is owned and worked by the Government. Tin-
Western Division, which was commenced in 1893, comprises
a main line running from Lagos to k'ano, a distance of 705
miles, through the important towns of Abeokuta, Ibadan,
Oshogbo, llorin, Kaduna and Zaria. The line crosses the
River Niger at Jebba by a bridge which was opened h)\-
traffic early in 1916. A branch line (111 miles) runs from
Minna to Baroon the Niger.* Thegauge oi the foregoing
is :V 6 ". Another brauch line (1 hi miles) runs from Zaria to
Bukuru, which is situated on the Bauchi plateau among
the mine fields ; the gauge is 2 0". The total Length
worked including branches amounts to 1,120 miles. A
well-appointed Boat Train" is run, in connection
with the homeward and out ward mail, From Lagos to Minna.
Beyond this station a special connecting train runs to
k'ano and another to Bukuru via /aria. The time taken
i in v originally the Southern portion of the Baro Kano Railxraj which was Joined
by tin- Lagos Rallwaj at Minna.
TTTF. NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 49
by these trains in their run from Lagos to the chief towns
on the line is approximately as follows: —
hours.
[badan 1 120 miles) 6$
Oshogbo (182 miles) '.»!
[lorin (243 miles) L2J
Jebba (303 miles) 15
Zungeru I 12<1 miles) ... ... 21 J
Minna (463 miles) 23J
Kiulmri (566 miles) ... ... 30
Zaria (618 miles) 33J
K;u)o (705 miles) ... ... 43
Bukurn (ria Zaria) (762 miles) 40
If passengers on a mail steamer inform the purser
before arrival at Seccondee of their intention to travel by
I he Boat Express, and state the quantity of their luggage,
accommodation will be reserved for them by cable free of
charge.
Besides the " Boat Train " service, there is a bi-
weekly service of through trains between Lagos and Kano,
the time occupied on these runs being approximately
fifty-live hours. By ordinary train Bukuru is about
seventy hours from Lagos, and Baro (via Minna, 574 miles)
about forty-seven hours. In Appendix VI the passengers'
fares from Lagos to the principal stations are given,
together with the rates charged on baggage and the
freight on a few of the main articles of Nigerian trade.
A Tariff of freights* is published by the Railway Depart-
ment, and alterations are notified regularly in the
Government Gazette.
In connection with the railway, motor transport
services are maintained between Ibadan, Oyo and Iseyin ;
Oshogbo, Tlesha and Ogbomosho; Bukuru and Ropp; and
at Abeokuta.
The Eastern Division of the Nigerian Railway consists
at present of a line from Port Harcourt to the Udi coal
fields, a distance of 151 miles. It was proposed that this
line should be extended northwards, crossing the River
Benue close to Abinsi, and connecting with the present
Lagos Kano line. Owing, however, to the outbreak of
War it was decided to carry the line no further than (Jdi
for the present.
See Chapter 20 for particulars of this publication,
50
THE NIGETtIA HANDBOOK.
The following is a list of stations on the Western
Division of the Railway: —
(a) Lagos (Iddo) to Kano.
Miles
Miles
from
from
Iddo.
Iddo.
Iddo
—
Gama
.. 236*
*Ebute Metta
1
llorin
.. 242|
Apapa
... 4|
Oyun River
. . 250*
fMushin
4
Jodomo ...
.. 2G1
Oshodi
... 6}
Lanwa
.. 271i
flkeja
... 9*
Elebu
.. 277*
Agege
"flju Junction
... iii
Bode Sadu
.. 287*
... 14
Beri Beri ...
.. 293.1
Agbado
16*
Jebba
. . 3021
Ijoko
... 21
Tatabu
.. 3161
Kajola
... 25
Mokwa
.. 328-1
*Ifo Junction
... 27
Bokani
.. 341
Ifo
29
Charati
.. 358*
Olomu
... 28*
Tabu
.. 3661
Agbosi
... :,,:,>
Kuti Wenji
.. 3801
I tori
... 37*
Gierkun ...
.. 393
Wasimi
... 42.'
Akerrie
.. 402*
Owowo
... 45.1
Wushishi ...
415
Isawo
... 50|
Zungeru
.. 426
Alagada
... 53*
Beji
.. 443
J*Aro
... 57j
*Minna Junction .
.. 4621
Abeokuta
... 59 i
Shakwata ...
.. 470*
Lafenwa
.. 59*
She
.. 47H|
Arikola
... (Mr{
Gwada
... 4H8
Sanushi ...
... 73*
Guni
.. 497|
Opeji
... 75
Kuchi
.. 506
Ashipa
... 81
Serikin Pawa
.. 519J
Eruwa Road
... 86
Godani
.. 534*
Olokemeji
... 90
Gogwada ...
... 541f
Ogunshileh
... 9'3
Bakin Kasua
... 547!
Ilugun
... 101.1
Kadnna Junction
... 566
Adio
... 110
Kaduna North ...
... 569',
Ibadan
... 119J
Rigachikun
... 578*
Olodo
... 131
Kakuri
... 588
Lai upon ...
... 1364
Birnin Yaro
... 590',
Odo Oba
... 140|
Farin Rua
... 5991
Iwo
... 150
Dumbi
... 606
Ileigbo
.. 157
*Zaria
... 6171
Origo
... I65i
Likoro
... 627
Ede
... 172!
Gimi Dabosa
... (\:\x\
Oshogbo ...
... 1 82
\i!' liim
... 648*
Ikirun
... 196
Don Gora
... 661J
Okuku
.. 2054
Maidobi ...
... 679J
Ofta
... 215
Challowa ...
... 6921
Ilia Market
... 226|
lv;i'io
... 701'.
•Junction for branch line.
t Market train station only
f Passenger station only.
T1TTC NNJEKTA HANDBOOK.
51
(6) Minna rv
Baro.
(c) Zaria to B
UKURU
(Bauchi Light R;
lilway.)
Miles
from
Minna.
Miles
from
Zaria.
Minna
—
Zaria
—
Lafiagi
,
.. 20
Awai
... 14
K atareggi
.. 39
Soba
... 28
Ebba
.. 52
Duchi n-Wai
... 41*
Badeggi
.. 08
Karre
... 55j
Bakoji
.. 84
Kudaru
... 66
Katcha
.. 97
Rah am a ...
... 88 .J
Baro
,
.. Ill
Jengre
... ioaj
(Iddo to Baro
573}
miles)
Teria
Naragiita ...
Jos
Bukuru
... 117*
... 128
... 133
... 143
(Lagos to Bukuru 700 J miles)
The following are the stations on the Eastern Division.
Miles
Miles
from
from
Tort
Port
Harcourt.
Harcourt.
Port Harcourt ...
... —
Ovim
... 91
Umu Koroshe ...
9
Otampa
... 95
Imo River
... 17
Afikpo Road
... 106
Ogwe
Aba
... 28
N'Deaboh
... 115
... 39
Nomeh
... 127
Omoba
... 49
A gbiazn
... L38
N'Bawsi
... 58
Ayo
... 140
Umu Ahia
... 70
Udi Junction
... 151
Uzuakoli ...
... 82
Roads. A large number of broad main roads has been
constructed by the Government, many of which are
suitable for motor traffic in the dry season and for light
motor vehicles even in the rainy season. There are, in
addition, innumerable small roads and bush tracks running
in every direction, on most of which bicycles and even
motor bicycles can be used. Owing to the existence of
the tsetse fly, horses cannot live in some districts, and, in
spite of the growing use of motor vehicles, head transport
remains the chief means of overland carriage. The
average wage of a carrier is from Cd. to 9d. a day, and a
load should not exceed sixty pounds.
CHAPTER VIII.
Mines, Manufactures and Fisheries.
The mineral wealth of the Northern Provinces of
Nigeria is now an accepted fact, and the tin mining industry
has become of great importance. There is evidence that
the existence of tin on the Bauchi plateau was known to
the natives long before the advent of the British, and they
had smelted it on a small scale for many years. As long
ago as 1885 this was known to Europeans, out owing to the
unsettled condition of the country no attempt at prospec-
ting could be made. After the opening up of the interior
which followed the establishment of the Northern Nigeria
Protectorate, the Secretary of State sanctioned a mineral
survey of the country. The first survey party arrived in
Nigeria towards the end of 1903, and the survey was
continued until 1914, reports of the work done being
published from time to time*
Mining was started by the Niger Company in 1906,
and in 1918 there were 82 mining companies operating
in the Northern Provinces, mostly on the Bauchi plateau.f
These companies, with a nominal capital of nearly six
millions sterling and a working capital of over two
millions sterling, occupied over 250,000 acres.J The
average number of employes during 1918 was 201
Europeans and 21,568 natives. Labour is, as a rule,
abundant, the average wage being about 9d. a day.
In Appendix III is given the amount and value of the
tin exported annually since 1907. In 1918, 8,294 tons were
exported, valued at £1,770,003. The following are the
approximate London prices of tin per ton since 1915 : — •
£
January, 1915 ... ... . . 151
April, 1915 168
July, 1915 175
October, 1915 150
January, 191G 171
April, 1916 197
July, 1916 172
October, 1916 175
January, 1917 181
° Colonial Reports. Miscellaneous Serie3 : Northern Nigeria. Nos. 32, 40. 47. 50
79 : Southern Nigeria. Nos. 33, 67, 68. 70. 81. 85, 86, 89.
t See Appendix VII for a list of the principal Mining Companies.
+ Alluvial Mining Leases 82.0CX) acres, Exclusive Prospecting Licences 149,000 acres
(52)
THE
NIGERIA HANI
)BOOK.
£
April,
1917
... 215
July,
1917
... 243
October,
1917
... 243
January,
1918
... 269
April,
1918
... 316
July,
1918
... 331
October,
1918
... 337
January.
1919
... 235
April,
1919
... 226
53
The average cost of winning tin ore was said before
the war to be about £90 a ton ; in 1918, owing to war
conditions, it cost about £125.
Under the authority of the "General Minerals
Regulations" (No. 8 of 1916), the following fees, etc.,
are levied : —
£ s. d.
Fee for a Prospecting Right ... 500
Rent, by the holder of an Exclusive Prospec-
ting licence for every square mile or part
thereof of the area included in the licence,
per annum ... ... ... ... ... 5 0 0
Rent, by the holder of a mining lease, for
every hundred yards or part thereof along
the course of the stream in respect of which
the mining right is granted, per annum ... 10 0
Rent, by the lessee of a mining lease of Class
A (which confers upon the lessee the right
to mine and to dispose of the minerals speci-
fied therein whether lode or alluvial), per acre
or part thereof 0 10 0
Rent, by the lessee of a mining lease of Class B
(which confers the right to mine and to
dispose of the alluvial minerals specified
therein) per acre or part thereof 0 5 0
The grant of an Exclusive Prospecting Licence is
subject to a prior survey of the area applied for, for which
is charged : —
r*
S.
A preliminary fee to cover cost of transport
of survey party, etc.. of 15 0 0
A fee for the survey of a boundary, per mile
or part thereof :
In level or undulating country 3 3 0
In rough country 5 5 0
54 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Four copies of the plan are supplied free, but a charge
is made for extra copies. The grant of a mining lease is
also subject to a prior survey for which is charged : —
£ s. d.
A preliminary fee (as above) of 15 0 0
A fee per acre or part thereof of ... ... 0'2 6
(minimum charge £10)
A fee for fixing the position of each mark or
beacon of 0 5 0
The following royalties are payable * : —
. (a) On tin ores and metallic tin :—
When the London price per ton is : —
Less than £130 the Royalty is ... i% on the value.
£130 but less than £135 the Royalty is 2-J-°»
£135 „ „ £140 „ „ 3£
m ?? 'ir ti
„ 5°/,
„ m>
£180 or upwards the Royalty is ... 7-j0/°
(b) On lead ores or metallic lead containing on an average less
than 4 ounces of silver per ton. 2f> on value. If containing
more than 4 ounces of silver per ton, an additional 3% on the
value of the silver.
(c) On iron ores or metallic iron, 1% of value.
(d) On gold, four shillings an ounce (troy).
(e) On other precious metals, 5% on the value.
(f) On all other minerals, such royalties as may hereafter be
prescribed by regulations.
The value of metallic tin, lead, iron or copper is, for
the purpose of computing the royalties payable thereon,
deemed to be the actual market value of such metal in
the London Market on the 1st day of January, April, July
or October next preceding the exportation.
Tin ore is deemed to contain 70% of metallic tin, lead
ore 78% of lead, Haematite 60°/° of iron, and pig iron 95/° of
iron.
£140
„ £145
£145
., £150
£150
.. £160
£160
„ £170
£170
„ . £180
■ Under the agreement made with the Royal Niger Company at the da'te of the
rcvoeation of their charier, the Company receives half of the amount derived from
royalties on minerals won between the Niger on the west and a line running from
Yola to Zinder on the east
THE NIGEHIA HANDBOOK. 65
There is payable on all tin ore exported from Nigeria
and which is not smelted in the United Kingdom or in a
British Possession an export duty equal to 50°/° of the
maximum royalty payable.
The Nigerian Government has made many concessions
to the mining companies in order to encourage and help
the industry. At the beginning of 1914 the rates of
royalty on the tin exported was 5°/° on the value, and this
was to be increased to 7|°/° when the railway reached
Naraguta. From July, 1914, a sliding scale was intro-
duced, varying from 2f when the price of tin was under
£130 to 7-§°/° when it was over £190 a ton. In September,
1914, a temporary reduction of royalty was made, in
consequence of the dislocation of the tin market that
followed the outbreak of the War, by which the rate
did not rise above 3?° until the price of tin reached £160
a ton. It was not until April, 1915, when the tin market
again became normal, that the rates of royalty reverted
to the old scale, i.e., from 2f to 7%f ad valorem.
The railway freights on tin, mining machinery and fuel
oil have also been largely reduced. In 1913 the rate for tin
from Jengre to Iddo (721 miles) was £14 8s. lOd. a ton, or
4*8d. per ton mile. In view of war conditions, the rate
from Bukuru to Iddo (760 miles) was reduced to £9 lis. 6d.,
or 3d. per ton mile. In April, 1915, the rate was
fixed at £12 5s. (4d. per ton mile) and £17 3s. 6d. (5*ld.
per ton mile) according to whether the price of tin was
under or over £190 per ton. In March, 1916, a flat rate of
£11 per ton or 3'6d. per ton mile, was introduced at the
request of the London Chamber. This means a reduction
of £1 5s. 6d. per ton, Bukuru to Iddo, wrhen the value of
tin is less than £90 a ton, and of £6 3s. 9d. a ton when
it exceeds that value. The rates for mining machinery
wTere reduced in May, 1916, from £12 5s. to £6 Is. Id.
per ton and the rates on oil fuel were reduced from
£6 2s. Id. to £4 per ton for five years from June, 1915.
There is no doubt that the distance of the tin field from
the coast is a serious handicap to the mining industry, but
it must be remembered that the light railway to Bukuru
was constructed, at an approximate cost of £380,000, solely
to assist this industry, and in the circumstances the Govern-
ment policy regarding railway freight rates on tin cannot
be considered otherwise than most liberal. One half of
56 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
the amounts received in royalties and mining rents and
taxes is handed over to the Niger Company, according to
the terms of the agreement made when Government took
over the administration of Northern Nigeria.
Tin is also found at Ilorin and near Calabar and is
being worked at the latter place.
In 1918, 1,414 ounces of alluvial gold were won. There
does not appear at present to be any immediate prospect
of important developments in reef mining for gold.
Valuable coal mines are being worked by the Govern-
ment at Enugu (Udi). The daily output is over 400
tons, and a certain amount is now being offered for sale
the balance being used by the Railway and other Govern-
ment Departments. The Eastern Division of the Nigerian
Railway reached Udi in May, 1916, and coal lias been
brought down to Port Harcourt in large quantities siuce
that date. The coal field is not at present open to private
enterprise. Particulars regarding the sale of coal can be
obtained from the General Manager, Nigerian Railway,
Ebute Metta. The present price is 34 - per ton F.O.li.
plus 6d. for bunkering.
There is a "salt lake" near Uberu from which salt is
procured, and potash is obtained in the Bornu Province.
Lead, silver and manganese are also found in various parts
of the country.
Manufactures.
Prior to the war there existed two factories (at
Lagos and Opobo) for the manufacture of Palm Kernel
oil and cake, but these were discontinued in 1914. A
Palm Oil factory was, however, opened in 1916 at Ibagwa
(near Opobo).
Except for this and the tanning of hides by natives,
the manufactures of Nigeria include, as a rule, only such
articles as find a ready local sale.
In his annual report on Northern Nigeria for 1902,
Sir Frederick Lugard wrote " Zaria, for instance, produces
large quantities of cotton, which is carried to Kano, and
manufactured there into cloth, and the Hausa gown or
1 tobe,' which is generally beautifully embroidered with
THE MOKRIA handbook. 57
patterns in white or colours. The leather trade is another
local industry, Kano and Zaria being the chief centres
where shoes, slippers, long riding and wearing boots,
saddles, and innumerable other articles of leather are
made. These also are embroidered or worked in different
coloured leathers. The leathers are red, yellow, and
green, the last being the finest and most costly
Every large city has its guild of blacksmiths and workers
in iron. The embossed brass and copper work of Bida in
especial is very good, and the designs of their goblets, in
which brass and copper are beautifully blended, are
extremely elegant. Space does not permit of my detailing
the lesser manufactures and industries, but the prepara-
tion of indigo, and the dyeing of cloths, which is carried
on in almost every town, is an industry so extensive as
to merit mention." The brass- work of Benin is famous.
.With the establishment of ginneries by the British
Cotton Growing Association at various centres and the
growth of an export trade in cotton, the cloth, manufac-
tures of Kano have been reduced, while the leather
manufacturers have also suffered from the large export
of untannec! hides. Leather is also worked at Ibadan and
a few other towns in the Yoruba country, and spinning and
weaving are carried on extensively throughout the
Southern Provinces, a great deal of cloth being made
by the Binis and Ibos. A little silk is obtained in some
parts of the country from which gowns are made.
Wild silk is found in the Northern Provinces and may
form a valuable export. Earthenware \>: also manufac-
tured in some localities.
Fishing.
Fishing is carried on to a great extent in all the
rivers and creeks, but the catch is used chiefly for local
consumption. Before the war a steam trawler was
working off Lagos and a large quantity of lish of
excellent quality was obtained.
CHAPTER IX.
Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock.
If their mineral resources constitute the chief wealth
of the Northern Provinces, there is no doubt that the
most valuable assets of the Southern Provinces lie in
their rich forests.
The large areas of red mangrove forest (Rliizophora
racemosa) which are situated in the tidal salt water
swamps along the coast, and in the deltas of the various
rivers, are of great economic value, and a start has been
made to exploit them. Mangrove timber is hard and
durable, and eminently suitable for railway sleepers,
mining timbers, and pit props; it also makes excellent
firewood, and the bark contains a large percentage of
tannin.
Further inland are the fresh water swamp forests,
occurring chiefly in the vicinity of the larger rivers. These
contain, among many other species, the red ironwood tree
(Lophira procera), a lofty tree that yields a hard and
durable timber that has been used for the piles of wharves
and lasts well in brackish water. The Public Works
Departments of Nigeria also use it for building purposes,
especially where strength is required, and it is considered
one of the most useful of the native timbers. Another
fresh water swamp species is the tree known to the
Yorubas as Abura (Mitragync mucvophylla) the timber
of which is in much demand by the Public Works Depart-
ments ; whilst the shores of the swamps are inhabited by
one of the best timber trees of the country, viz., the
Opepe of the Yorubas [Sarcocephalus esculentus) dwarfed
representatives of which are to be met with in the dry
open forests of the interior. Here also is found in
abundance the raphia palm, from which piassava fibre is
prepared. This palm, from the native point of view, is
of great value; besides piassava, it yields a good palm
wine, the mid rib of the leaf provides material for
the lattice-work roof of native houses, and also canoe
poles, and in some parts of the country the leallets are
sewn into mats that make an excellent thatch. The West
(68)
I UK MUE1UA HANDBOOK. 5(J
African usudd" (Pistia stratiotes) is so plentiful in the
rivers and creeks of this region as to interfere seriously
with navigation.
Further inland than the swamp forests lie the ever-
green tropical forests which contain the most valuable of
the economic trees of Nigeria. Owing to the wasteful
native system of farming and the extensive migrations of
tribes in earlier times, the bulk of the vegetation consists
of secondary growth which has sprung up rapidly in
deserted clearings. Mainly for this reason the number of
different species growing together is very large.
Here are found valuable mahoganies of the genus
Khaya and Entandrophragma, the timber of which is
exported, also species of Gaurea, producing timber
resembling cedar; Lovoa Klaineana, sold as walnut;
iroko (Ghlorophora cxcelsa), the timber of which is much
used in Nigeria for building and furniture. Other hard-
wood trees of this forest — to mention only a few— are
Afzelia Afvicana, BUghia sapida, Albizzia fastigata and
Albizzia Bvoivnii. The timber of Pterocarpus tinctorius
(camwood), a tall, straight growing tree found in this
forest, is a beautiful rich red colour, and would probably
make very handsome furniture ; at present it is used
chiefly by the natives as a dye wood. Several species of
Diospyros (ebony) are also found. The timber of
Triplochiton Johnsonii and T. Nigericum, both of these
trees of great size and very plentiful, is a white soft
wood, that of Terminalia superba, also very plentiful,
is a medium hard wood ; both of these are suitable to
replace imported timber. Another species of Terminalia
'not yet identified) with the habit of T. Superba but
possessing a very dark bark and known to the Yorubas as
Idigbo, yields a very good timber of medium density.
Funtumia elastica, producing a good quality of rubber, is
also found in this type of forest.
The products of the oil-palm (Elaeis guineensis)
which is found throughout the forest regions of Nigeria,
and particularly in this type of forest, form the chief
articles of export from Nigeria. The oil-palm reaches its
greatest development in the districts close to the coast
where there is a heavy annual rainfall but it does not
succeed in swamps or poor soil or where the average
rainfall is less than fifty inches per annum. ''Natural
60 THE .NIGERIA HANDlJUOK.
regeneration is the only real source of the oil-palm "* and
except in one or two special localities it cannot be said
to receive proper cultivation at present. The trees are
generally about sixty feet in height, with a straight stem
" marked with the scars uf the fallen leaf bases "* and
crowned by a tuft of leaves from eight to fourteen feet
in length. "The fruits are attached to the cone of a
conical shaped cluster or fruit-head about the size of a
football from which they are easily detached when fully
ripe or verging on over-ripe."t These cones are gathered
by the natives, who climb the trees to obtain them.
Prom the pericarp or fleshy exterior of the fruit, the natives
extract the palm-oil of commerce, a certain portion of
which is for their own consumption, the balance being
sold to the European merchants. The nuts of the fruit
are then dried and cracked, and the kernels extracted
and sold for exportation. The oil-palm is immensely
valuable to the native as besides oil and kernels it
supplies him with a beverage known as palm wine which
is obtained by tapping. The leaves are used for roofing
houses and for making brooms, while yeast is prepared
from the fermented palm wine and. a kind of fibre is
obtained from the tree.
Except for mahogany, and on a smaller scale iroko,
the exploitation of the moist zone or any other type of
forest has not been seriously undertaken owing to lack of
demand for and ignorance of the nature and value of the
native timbers. During the last few years the Public
Works Departments have utilised native timbers to a
much larger extent, and since the war practically entirely,
for building purposes, and have found them satisfactory,
but there is still scope for a much more extended trial.
There are still many trees both plentiful and accessible,
the timbers of which have not been given a reasonable,
if any, test, although the most valuable timbers, of which
a constant supply can be guaranteed, are probably all
known. A large saw mill has been erected by the
Government at Apapa, logs being floated down during the
rainy season from a forest area on the Lagos Lagoon. So
far as the Government is concerned locally sawn timber
has almost entirely taken the place of imported timber,
the saving in expense being very great.
• ■' The Oil Palm jnd its varieties,' by J- II. J. Karquhar.
f Report of the Committee on edible and oil-prudueing nuts and seeds, 11)16.
iCd. 8247).
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 61
The evergreen forests gradually merge into the
"mixed" forests which contain, in addition to the ever-
green, such deciduous species as the silk cotton tree
(Bombax buonopozense) and the sasswood tree. Here are
found the rubber vines, Landolphia oiuarcnsis and
Clitawtra ehistiea.
The dry open forests occupy the arid northern
portions of Nigeria. Here the rainfall is much less than
in the south, and the influence of the rivers on the
vegetation is much more pronounced and gives rise to
what are known as "Fringing forests" which are of a
" mixed, deciduous " or evergreen character and are
confined to comparatively narrow strips along the banks
of the streams. The forests are open, with grass under-
growth, and suffer much from fires. Wherever the land
in this region attains a sufficient altitude to bring
about an increased precipitation of rain the "mixed"
and "evergreen" forests -if not interfered with by the
action of man — reappear as islands of dense, lofty
vegetation in the open, stunted formations. The most
important trees of the dry forests are the shea butter tree
(Butijrospermum Parkii), the dry zone mahogany (Khaya
senegaJensis), the Baobab, the locust bean tree (Parkia
filicoidce) and the fan or daleb palm (Borassus Mthiopica).
Many species of Acacia yielding gums of commercial value
are also found in this type of country, both scattered and
forming large pure forests. The bark of some species
also provides material for tanning.
Under Ordinance No. 12 of 1916, the Governor has
power to order that certain portions of land should be
forest reserves, and in order to prevent the destruction of
forests and the consequent loss of water supply a number
of such reserves have been constituted.
By Regulation No. 10 of 1916 certain trees have been
declared " protected," and may not be taken for sale or
export without a permit and the payment of fees and
royalties. Small fees are also charged for permits to
take fuel or minor forest produce such as rubber.
Firms or individuals who wish to exploit timber for
sale or export can obtain a licence giving them exclusive
right to take certain specified timbers growing on a
62 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK .
defined area of not more than 100 square miles. The
charges are £3 on application and £5 on execution of the
licence. The term of the licence is for 5 years, and is
renewable.
In addition, fees and royalties have to be paid in
respect of every tree taken under the licence, and these
vary according to the class of tree taken. For first class
trees (mahoganies, iroko, walnut, etc.) the fee is 46s. and
the royalty 10s. The charges for other classes of trees
are less.
The selection system is in force in all unreserved
forests, a minimum girth for all protected trees varying
from 11 feet to 4 feet at 4' 6" from the ground being
fixed by the Regulations. In reserved forests felling is
regulated by the officers of the Forestry Department.
The girth limit of mahoganies and iroko is 11 feet, cedar
and walnut 10 feet, and ebony 6 feet. For every tree
felled by a licensee he is required to plant twenty-four
seedlings aud tend them during the continuation of his
licence. The Regulations also prescribe the method to
be adopted in tapping wild rubber trees.
There is a Forestry Department, under a Director
of Forests, consisting of a trained European staff and a
number of native rangers and forest guards. The forests
are well patrolled and the removal of forest produce
carefully supervised.
Affriculture. — The large areas of agricultural laud
available have caused the native farmer to adopt " shift-
ing" cultivation and to dispense with fertilisers, land
being rarely cultivated for more than a few years. The
methods adopted are crude and the results are, as a rule,
due almost entirely to the climate and fertile soil. The
plough cannot be used in the south owing to the number
of stumps in the clearings and the liability of animals to
disease.
Crop rotation is generally practised, the principal
crops raised for local consumption being cassava, egusi,
ground-nuts, maize, sweet-potatoes and yams. It is
impossible even to estimate the amount of land under
cultivation in Nigeria, but it must be considerable, as the
imports of cereal foodstuffs would feed but a small
proportion of the 16^ million inhabitants,
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 63
Tlie crops grown for export include cocoa, maize,
cotton, benneseed, and ground-nuts. Although the oil-
palm trees receive a certain amount of cultural attention,
they are seldom planted. A considerable number of rubber
plantations have been established in different parts of the
Southern Provinces, in some cases by British firms, and
there are some native communal plantations in the
Benin province. The species most generally grown are
Hevea braziliensis and Funtumia elastica. The cultiva-
tion of cotton, especially in the Northern Provinces, is
now of great importance. The increased prices given by
the British Cotton Growing Association have given
satisfaction to the growers and encouraged further plant-
ing, while the quality of the staple has been improved by
the distribution of selected seed.
The Agricultural Departments of the Northern and
Southern Provinces try to educate the native to modern
agricultural methods, and, by the distribution of seeds and
plants, stimulate and assist the farmers.
Live Stock. — The domestic animals in Nigeria include
cattle, horses, sheep, goats, pigs and fowls. Donkeys and
camels are used for transport purposes in the north, but
cattle are seldom used for agricultural work. Little effort
is made to improve the breeds.
It is estimated that there are close on three million
cattle in the Northern Provinces, chiefly in Sokoto, Kano,
Bornu and Bauchi. On the whole these cattle are good,
but there is far too much inbreeding. During the rains,
and for two months after, grazing is plentiful, but during
the dry season the cattle suffer considerably and are
moved great distances in the search for water and
pasture. Ranching has recently been taken up by a
British company, and ahead}* beef from the Northern
Provinces is sold by the Cold Storage Company in Lagos.
It is possible that ranching will take an important part
in the future development of Nigeria. The cattle of the
Southern Provinces are small and of little value.
There is also a large number of horses in the
Northern Provinces, but the majority are of a poor class,
the best horses being found close to the northern frontier.
The pagan tribes that inhabit the mountainous regions
own some hardy ponies. As in the case of the cattle,
little or no care is taken in the breeding.
64 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The existence of the tse-tse fly makes some portions
of the country dangerous to live stock, and renders
impossible the moviug of the animals through certain
belts of country. In addition to trypanosomiasis, the stock
is frequently attacked by epidemics of various kinds
which are spread by the wanderings of herds in search of
new grazing grounds and by the ignorance of the natives
of the principles of segregation. Veterinary officers
have been appointed by the Government within recent
years, and efforts are being made to prevent the spread
of diseases.
Ostrich farming on a small scale has been attempted
in the north by Government but was not a success owing
to causes connected with the war.
Fauna. — The fauna of Nigeria include the elephant,
rhinoceros, hippopotamus, giraffe, gazelles and antelopes,
lion, leopard, buffalo, hyaena, lynx and many species of
snakes, monkeys, &c, &c. In the rivers are found the
crocodile and manatee. The birds include parrots, egrets,
marabou, storks, vultures, geese, duck, pigeons, great and
lesser bustard, partridge, guinea fowl, cranes, toucans and
hawks. The rivers and creeks teem with fish of all
descriptions. Under the provisions of Ordinance No. 23
of 1916, licences must be obtained to hunt certain of these
animals. A resident non-native's licence costs £2, a
visitor's licence £10 and a bird licence 5s. These licences
run for a year. A fortnightly licence can be obtained
for 10s. The holder of either of the first two licences may
obtain special licences to kill one elephant for £10, or to
kill two elephants for £30. The number of other animals
which may be killed by a licence-holder is laid down by
the Ordinance. Excellent tarpon fishing is to be had at
Lagos.
OHAPTRR X.
Post Office, Telegraphs and Savings Bank.
There arc a hundred and seventeen Post Offices and
Agencies throughout Nigeria* and the total number of
letters, parcels, etc., dealt with in 1018 exceeded four
millions.
The following are the Fates of postage on letters and
papers from and within Nigeria :
Description of Articles.
Weight.
Rale.
Postcards
Letters
Newspapers, hooks, printed papers,
etc
Commercial papers ...
Patterns and samples
one ounce
each extra ounce
per two ounces
first ten ounces
each extra two ounces
first four ounces
each extra two ounces
|d.t
id.:
ld.§
|d.
2§d.
id.
Id.
id.
t Tf for delivery outside Nigeria Id. J Foreign countries 2i<l. $ Foreign countries ljd.
The rates of postage for parcels are as follows : —
Weight.
Within
Nigeria.
No1 over 3 pounds ...
Over 3 pounds and not
exceeding 7 pounds
Exceeding 7 pounds
and not exceeding
11 pounds ...
d.
fi
Other
British
West
African
Colonies.
s. <1.
1 0
_' 0
rjnited
Kingdom.
Other
Countries.
1 6
(i
s. d.
] (; "\ arious
Rates : see
Post Othce
3 6 Guide.
And eight in the British sphere of the Cameroons
(65)
(ti
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The following other charges are made: —
Fee for registration, each article ... ... ... *_M.
Fee for insurance of each article (including registration)
for the first £12 6d.
for each succeeding £12 3d.
(maximum £60)
Red for a largo lot tor box or a bag, per annum ... £1.
Kent for a small letter bos ... ... ... ... 5s.
Post Office Mail notices are supplied lor an annual
t'oo o( ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 6a
Northern Nigeria had never belonged to the Postal
Union, and Southern Nigeria withdrew from it in January,
1910.
There are -1 Money Order Offices in Nigeria, at
Abeokuta, Benin Oity, Bonny, Burutu, Calabar, Degema,
Ebute Metta, Porcados, [badan, Llorin, Jos, Kaduna, Kano,
Lagos, Lokoja, Minna, Obubra, Onitsba, Opobo, Oshogbo,
Tort Harcourt, Sapele, Warri and Zaria.*
The rates of commission on Money Orders per pound
sterling or part thereof are as follows: —
Within Nigeria ... ... ... ... ... ... 3d.
To plac» - ria ... ... ... ... 4d,
The maximum amount for a single Money Order is
£40.
Tin1 following pouudage is charged on Postal Orders,
which mav be obtained at any Post Office: —
On Orders from 6d. to 2s. 6d. ...
..
17s. (id. to 20s ...
hi.
2d.
3d,
The following table shows the amount of Money Order
and Postal Order transactions during 1918: —
[ssued 'm
Paid in
•
Nigeria.
Nigeria.
£
£
v Orders,
Interna]
... ...
5,143
t,987
Other Br
tishWesi At i
i< an
C
olonics
L130
26,906
United
Kingdom
and
oth
r countries
7,88 1
t.:;71
Postal * Orders
...
94,625
65,203
AImi ;it Buea and Victoria in the British sphere of tin' Cameroons,
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 07
Telegraph lines follow the lines of the Railways and
telegrams are accepted for transmission at all the stations
on the Eastern and Western Divisions of the Railway.*
(Telegrams to be forwarded by the cables of the African
Direct Telegraph Oo., Ltd., must be handed in at a Telegraph
Office; they are not accepted at Railway stations). In
addition to the linos along the Railway, telegraph lines
ran between the towns shown below, and telegrams are
accepted at the Post Offices at these towns for trans-
mission. Jn the following table all towns on the Railway
arc shown in capitals.
i imc ( Forcados-Burutu-Warri (and see Bmin >'iti/).
LM,UhU-:].e IjebuOde.
ABEOKUTA M,>ko -Porto Novo (Dahomey).
IBADAX Oyo Iseyin-Sbaki.
OSIIOOBO Ue<ha-Akure-0\vo-It"on Benin City
/ fKoko.
I Sapele -< Kwale.
UnCity - (Warri (and see LAGOS).
I ifltvn <" Ubiaja -Agenebode Lokoja (and see JEBBA).
I A«001 \Asaba Onitsha.
Onitsha
fAwka-UDI-ENUQU XGWO.
) fAhoada.
) Owerri ■< Degema.
I, (.ABA -lkot Ekpene.
(Itu-Calabar.
lkot Ekpene - Uyo-Eket { gjSbo-Bonny.
I Bende-Aflkpo-Itigidi -AbakaliH.
Abakaliki I Bansara-Ogoja.
AoanutM x obubra-Dxom-Ossidinge.t
JEBBA-BARO {^^JfINNA (WhiCh See)'
ZUNGERU-Kontagora-Yelwa-Birnin Kebbi { g^?Dahomey).
{Loko.
Benue Bridge,
Ibi-Lau-Yola.
Jemaa.
KANO-Katsena.
KARAGUTA-Bauchi-Nafada-Maidugari.
There are, in all, over ten thousand miles of wire
open for traffic, and the system is connected with the
French West African telegraphs. The charge for inland
telegrams is Id. a word with a minimum of Is. Cable-
grams forwarded over the Government lines are subject
to a charge of 2d. a word in addition to the Cable
Company's tariff.
s For a list of these stations see Chapter VII.
t For Tinto, Bainenda. Dschang, Kumba : Buea, Victoria and Duala in the
Cameroons.
68 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The cables of the African Direct Telegraph Co., Ltd.,
connect Lagos with Accra and Kotonu (Dahomey) on one
side (for England) and Bonny on the other, while from
Bonny cables go to Diiala* and Principe (for South Africa).
The cost of telegrams by these cables to the various
countries of the world is shown in Appendix VIII. The
charge tor a wireless message from the station of the
African Direct Telegraph Company in Lagos to any
station or ship within reach is lOd. a word.
Telephones are established at Lagos, Calabar, Warri,
Forcados (and Burutu), Opobo, and a few other stations.
The following are the charges made for subscription to
any telephone exchange in Nigeria: —
Unlimited Service.
For the first and second line, per annum ... ... £15
For each additional line connecting any premises of
the same subscriber with the Exchange, per
annum ... ... ... ... ... ... ... £12
Extensions.
For a circuit not more than 110 yards in length,
connecting the subscriber's offices in the same
premises, per annum ... ... ... ... ... £2
For a circuit not more than a quarter of a mile in
length, connecting the subscriber's offices in
different premises, per annum ... ... ... £5
For any extension circuit over a quarter of a mile
and under two miles ... ... ... ... ... £10
These rates apply to connections with premises within
the "Exchange Area." For connection with premises
outside the area special rates are charged.
The Post Oilicc Savings Bank is controlled by the
Postmaster General. There are branches at Abeokuta,
Benin City, Bonny, Burutu, Calabar, Degema, Ebute
Metta, Forcados, Ibadan, liorin, Jos, Kadnna, Kano,
Lagos, Lokoja, Minna, Onitsha, Opobo, Oshogbo, Port
Harcourt, Sapele, Warri and Zaria.§ The number of
depositors on the 31st December, 1918, was 5,618, and
these ha I the sum of £39,483 to their credit on that date.
2\ - inttrei llowed on deposits up to a maximum of
00.1
The I); ala cable i ; no1 now in v
§ Also at Buea and Victoria in tin1 British sphere ol I he Cameroons,
t BavingH Bank business i9 also I by the Colonial Bank,
CHAPTER XL
OVKRNMENT FINANCES.
The total revenue of Nigeria (i.e., Lagos, Southern
Nigeria and Northern Nigeria) for the financial year
1900 1901 amounted to over £683,000, while the revenue
for 1913 (the last year unaffected by war conditions) was
over £3,462,000, or more than five times as much, and
there is no doubt that but for the war the year 1914
would have shown a further remarkable increase.
Th s revenue for the years 1917 and 1918 have beaten
all pre vious records.
The following table gives the revenue and expenditure
of Nigeria for the last 7 years: —
Revenue. Expenditure.
£ £
1912 2,803,905 2,703,530
1913 1,462,507 2,916,801
1914 3,048,381 196,764*
L915 2,703,257 3,434,215f
1916 2,943,184 3,609,638J
1917 3,492,738 3,219,958||
1918 4,014,190 3,459,7741
Prior to the amalgamation an annual refund (£70,000
in 1911) was made by Southern Nigeria to Northern
Nigeria on account of Customs Duties collected at the
coast on goods in transit to the latter Protectorate.
Northern Nigeria also received an annual Imperial Grant-
in-Aid which, in 1911, amounted to £317,000. This Grant-
in-Aid was afterwards reduced to £100,009, and has now
ceased.
* Includes £625,925 ail
f „ 632,163
542,863
115,413
1T „ 30,591
(09)
"0
THE .NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The following table shows in detail the revenue for
the last three years : —
Heads of Revenue.
1. Licences and internal revenue
2. Fees of Court, etc
3. Customs ...
4. Marine
5. Railway
I). Interest
7. Direct Taxes
8. Posts and Telegraphs ...
9. Rent of Government Property
10. Miscellaneous
11. Non-recurrent
12. Imperial Grant-in- Aid ...
13. Land Sales
14. Eastern Railway Expenditure
recovered from Loan Funds...
15. Cameroons
Total
1916.
191/
£
104,048
139,320
1.148,992
74.324
770.O2D
31,764
370,986
32,825
13,266
15,200
100,000
15,110
i 11,985
15,344
2,943,184
£
153,077
354.882
1,213.012
81,526
1 ,009.323
21,542
409.491)
32.959
19.455
17.952
512
75.000
11.990
42.55s
49.-1 54
3.492,738
1918.
£
200,134
292.G24
1,397,501
202.849
1.267,005
20,716
455.145
37,893
23.211
24.317
50 000
3.500
203,
39.092
4.014.190
Head 1 includes fines, stamp duties, royalties on
minerals; and licences for game, gun, liquor, auctioneers,
rubber, mining and prospecting.
Head 2 includes fees of court, hospital and medical,
school, trade marks, patents and weights and measures;
receipts of the Forestry, Survey and Prisons Departments ;
receipts from the sale of Government publications and
stores ; water rates (Calabar and Benin City), electric
light receipts, sale of coal, storage of gunpowder and
petroleum ; contributions by officers to the Widows and
Orphans Pension Scheme ; and reimbursements by other
Governments and by Native Administrations for services
rendered.
Head 3 includes duties of Customs both Import and
Export, fees for services of Customs officers, warehouse
charges, produce inspection lees, and lines for breaches
of the Customs and produce laws.
Head 4 includes earnings of the Government craft
and floating dock, boat and canoe licences, pilotage and
towage fees, light, buoyage and harbour dues, and receipts
from the transport of coal trom Port Harcourt,
THE NIGER] v HAN DIMmjk .
71
Head ; is fully explained in the chapter relating to
taxation.
The following table gives in detail the expenditure
for the same years:—
Heads of Expenditure.
1916.
1917.
1918.
£
£
£
Public Debt
481,503
475,388
457,717
Pensions
44,474
48,750
62,874
Governor-General's Office
8,729
9,333
'.1.405
Treasury
32,734
30,970
31,149
Judicial
17,515
17,997
17,956
Customs
51,428
47,895
45,651
Nigeria Regiment
416,814
191,338
243,896
Marine ...
183,088
209,930
266,991
Director of Railways and Works ...
1,516
2.137
1,187
Railway...
1,201
757.701
762,439
Lieutenant-Governors
6. 722
6,141
6,815
Secretariat
29 -
28,094
27,850
Political
2:51.071
233,281
228,818
Legal ... ...
6,283
6,1 >87
5,533
Posts and Telegraphs...
81,943
84,241
91 .22l>
Audit ...
16,6
16,569
1 7,790
Printing
14,966
15,683
16,002
Police
94,692
91,191
88,402
Prisons ...
66,135
83,362
94.216
Forestry...
29,137
34,083
38,250
Agriculture
395
21,766
21,012
Medical
134,971
118,712
112,016
Medical Research Institute ...
2,3
2.* 178
2,049
•Laboratory
7-7
71*
724
Sanitary ...
18,019
22,095
21,220
Education
46,312
46,298
45.747
Survey
23,740
21,428
22,277
Mines ... ...
5,291
5,351
5.132
Colliery ... ...
24.
53,592
63,590
Lands
4,260
3,033
4,707
Miscellaneous ...
70,642
120,467
193,704
Public Works ...
77,564
85,870
85,420
,, Recurrent
56,964
60,325
51,609
Extraordinary
58,930
81,600
73.401
Eastern Railway — Construction
542,868
11 ,.413
30,591
War Costs
95.7.
">47
136,723
Cameroons (Administration of occu-
pied territory)
16,246
62,488
60,945
Military Operations, Abeokuta Pro-
vince ... ...
...
...
14,740
Total
3,219
3,459,774
72 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Expenditure on military service connected with the
operations in the Oameroons and Bast Africa, since the
outbreak of war to the end of 1918 amounted to £495,000,
towards which the Emirs and Native Administrations of
the Northern Provinces have contributed a sum of £98,000 ;
a further sum of £51,000 lias been offered to the Imperial
Government by these Native Administrations.
There was an excess of assets over liabilities] on
the 31st December, 1918, of <: 702,785. At the end of 1913
the surplus balance- amounted to £1,821,383. The
decrease is due to war expenditure and the cost of
constructing the Eastern Division of the Railway. The
latter will be recovered from Loan funds.
The Public Debt of Nigeria at the end of 1918 stood
at £8,-170,593. The money was borrowed in 1905, 1908,
1911, and 1916 for the construction and equipment of the
Western Railway, the Lagos Harbour Works and the
l^agos Water Works and the whole has been expended on
remunerative public works. The loan raised in 191G was in
the form of 5 four year Bonds issued at 97 V, and was for the
purpose of redeeming short term debentures which were
falling due. Provision has been duly made each year for
the instalments due t u the Sinking Fund, which amounts
to £580,071.
Detailed financial returns are published annually in
July or August in respect of the previous year, and
monthly statements of the Revenue and Expenditure and.
a copy of the Balance sheet are published regularly in
the Nigeria Gazette between three and four months in
arrear.
t No account i^ the value ol Goveranenl I id Qua it era and of ihc
Marine l raft and Railway permanent way and rollL |
f
s.
d.
10
0
0
10
0
0
CHAPTER XII.
Taxation and Revenue not otherwise dealt with.
Stamp Duties are charged under the authority of
Ordinance No. XLII of 1910 in accordance with the
following table : —
Admission as a barrister or solicitor
As notary public
(Aud see " Licence." )
AGREEMENT, or memorandum of agreement, under hind
only, and not otherwise specifically d with any
duty, whethei • a contract
or >ry upon the parties from ir I eing a written
instrument 0 0 6
(1) Agreement or memorandum the matter whereof is
not of the value of £5.
(2) Agreement or memorandum for the hire of any
seaman, canoeman, artisan, labourer, artificer or
menial servant.
(3) Agreement, letter or memorandum made for or
relating to the sale of any goods, wares or mer-
chandise.
Agreement for a lease or for any letting. {See "Lease")
APPOINTMENT of a nev>- trustee, or appointment, in
execution of a power, of any property, or of any use,
share or interest in any property by any instrument
not being a will ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 1<) 0
Award.
(1) Where the amount or value of the matter in
dispute does not exceed £100, for every £10 or
fractional part of £ 10 thereof ... ... ... 0 0 6
(2) Where the amount or value exceeds £100 ... ... 0 10 o
Bill of Exchange.
Payable on demand ... ... ... ... 0 0 1
Of any other kind whatsoever, aud promissory note of
any kind whatsoever drawn in or out of Nigeria
and payable or negotiated in Nigeria
For any sum exceeding £1 and not exceeding A 10
.. „ ., £10 .. .. " £25 ..
£25 .. .. £50 ..
£50 .. .. £75 ..
L'7o .. £100 ..
Aud foT every additional JJ2C- or part thereof ...
(73)
0
0
i
0
c
0
0
6
0
0
!i
0
1
0
U
0
• >
74 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Exemptions : — £ 6. d.
Trade cheques and rest or good notes.
Bill of Lading of or for any goods, merchandise,
or effects ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 0 (>
Exemption : —
The master's copy.
Bond. (See " Mortgage.")
Certificate of occupancy. (See " Lease.'*)
Charter-party, or any agreement for or relating to the
freight or conveyance of any goods or effects on board
a ship 0 0 G
Contract, (see "Agreement.")
CONVEYANCE ok TRANSFER on sale of any property. For
every £25, and also for every fractional part of £25,
of the amount or value of the consideration for
the sale ... 0 2 f>
Conveyance or transfer by way of security of any
property. (See " Mortgage.")
Convevance or transfer of any kind not hereinbefore
described 0 10 <>
Copy or extract (attested or in any manner authenti-
cated) of or from : —
(1) An instrument chargeable with any duty :
(*2) An original will, testament or codicil ;
(3) The probate or probate copy of a will or codicil ;
(4) Any letters of administration.
In the ease of any ins f rumen t chargeable with any
duty not amounting to Is. the same duty as such
instrument.
In any other case ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 1 i»
COPY ok EXTRACT (certified) of or from any Register of
Births. Baptisms, Marriages, Deaths or Burials ... 0 0 1
( JOUNTER-PART. (See " Duplicate.")
Declaration of any use or trust of or concerning any
property by any writing (not being a deed or will or
any instrument chargeable with ad ralore m duty as a
settlement) 0 10 0
Deed of any kind whatsoever not described in this
Schedule 0 10 0
Deposit of Title-deeds. (See 'Mortgage.")
DUPLICATE or counter-part of any instrument chargeable
with duty : —
Where such duty dots not amount to 5s.. the
same duty as the original instrument.
In any oilier case ... ... ... .. ... ... 0 5 0
Extract. (See "Copy" or "Extract.")
Farther charge or further security. (See "Mortgage.")
Lease : —
(1) For any definite term less than a year : —
(a) Where the rent for such term does not
exceed £25 0 0 6
(fi) Whei e the i enl I >] su< b tern ... o 2 G
0
2
6
1)
5
0
0
10
0
11LE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 75
(2) For any other definite term, or for any indefinite £ a. d.
term : —
For each £25 and also for every fractional part of
£25 of the rent —
If the term is definite and does not exceed 7 years
If the term is definite and does not exceed 21 years
If the term exceed 21 years or is indefinite
(8) Of any other kind whatsoever not hereinbefore
described 0 10 0
LICENCE to act temporarily as a solicitor of the Supreme
Court, and on every renewal of such licence ... ... 2 10 0
Letter of Attorney (see " Power of Attorney."^
Mortgage, Bond. Debenture <>i: Covenant : —
(1) Being the only or principal security for the pay-
ment or repayment of money, for every £100. and
also for any fractional part of £100, of the
amount secured ... ... .. ... ... 026
(2) Being a collateral, or auxiliary, or additional or
substituted security, or by way of further assurance.
for the above mentioned purpose, where the
principal or primary security is duly stamped : for
every £100, and also for any fractional part of
£100, of the amount secured... ... 0 0 G
(3) Being an Equitable Mortgage, for every £ 100. and
also for any fractional part of £100. of the amount
secured ... ... ... ... ... 0 10
(4) Transfer or assignment of any mortgage, bond.
debenture or covenant, or of any tiling secured
by any such instrument : for every £100, ami also
for any fractional pari of £100, of the amount
transferred, assigned or disposed of ... ... DOT)
And also, where any further money is added to the
money already secured : the same duty as upon a
principal security for such further monej'.
(5) Keconveyauce. release, discharge or surrender of
any such security as aforesaid, or of the benefit
thereof, or of the money thereby secured : for
every £100, and also for any fractional part of
£100 of the total amount or value of the money
at any time secured ... ... 0 0 6
Exemptions : —
(1) Bond given by a public Officer for the due execu-
tion of his duty.
(2) Bond on which a fee is chargeable under the provi-
sions of the Supreme Court Ordinance, 1014.
(3) Bond given in pursuance of any Ordinance upon
or with relation to the receiving or obtaining,
or for entitling an}* person to receive or obtain,
any drawback or any duty or duties or part of any
duty or duties, of Customs, for or in respect of
any goods, wares or merchandise exported or
shipped to, exported from, the Colony and Pro-
tectorate, or upon or with relation to the obtaining
of any Certificate for entitling any person to
receive or obtain any such drawback as aforesaid.
E
s. d.
1 1)
i)
5 0
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Notarial Act of any kind whatsoever
Passport
Power of Attorney or other instrument in the nature
thereof I) ]u D
Exemption :
(1) Appointment of a proxy bo vote at any meeting.
(2) Authority given to any person to receive from the
Treasury any monies payable to any person in the
service of the Government.
Receipt given \'ov or upon the payment of money
►unting to £2 or upwards ... 0 0 1
Exemptions : —
(1) R ■ up. in the payment of any duties or taxes
or of money to or for the use >f the Government.
The duplicate of any receipl required by the regulations of
the Treasury Department to be gi'>t.ii m duplicate, the
original rec« Lpt being duly stamped.
R ■ ip • any person, or his representatives for or on
the account oi any salary, wages, pay. or pension due from
the Government,
( 0 i >rsed or otherwise written upon or contained in
any Lnstrunienl liable to stamp duty and duly tamped,
ackuowh dging the receipt oi th consider ition-money th<
expj ae receipt of an\ principal money, interest or
annuity thereby secured or therein mentioned.
v.">) Receipt given for drawback or bounty upon the exportation
el' any goods or merchandise.
((>) Receipt given for the return of any duties of Customs upon
certificates of over entry.
(7) Receipt given for money deposited in any bank, or with any
banker. :<> be accounted for and expressed to be received of
the person to whom the same is to be accounted for.
B) Receipl given by the payee of a money order.
(9) Receipt given for the refund o( any sums deposited with the
Treasury under the provisions of the Minerals Ordinance
in lb.
(10) Receipt given for the return of any rents ami fees over-
collected by Government.
Reconve-* \\i e ok lease of any security. (Set " Mortgage."")
Transfer. (Sto "Conveyance.")
General exemptions from all Stamp 7)'
(1) Transfers of shares in the Government or Parliamentary
stock- or funds of deal Britain.
(2) Instruments for the Bale, transfer or other disposition, either
absolutely, or by way of mortgage, or otherwise, of any ship
or vessel or any part, interest, share or property of or in any
ship or vessel.
THE NIGER! V HANDBOOK. H
(3) All instruments on which fche duty would be payable by any
Government Department, or by a Government officerinhis
official capacity.
(4) Agreement made with the Railway Department relating to
the carriage of passengers, goods or animals.
(5) Indemnity bonds (riven to fcheRiilway Department by cod
sigaees (when the Railway receipl is qo1 produced) in respect
of the delivery of consignments, fresh fish, fruit and vegetable
and other perishable articles.
(6) An instrument of apprenticeship to which the Government or
any officer >:' the Government in his official capacity is a
part jr.
(7) A Memorandum entered in a book kept by a Native Court for
ding th< vein the (cans and conditions on which strangers
: re all ■• I to occupy Communal land.
Documents liable to duty may be submitted for
assessment to one of the Commissioners of Stamp Duties*
and the amount for which it is assessed must be paid into
the Treasury before the document can be stamped.
Documents are stamped only at the Treasury offices at
Lagos and Kaduna. An appeal from the assessment of
the Stamp Commissioner may be made to the Supreme
Court, by way of petition.
The following fees are charged for annual licenses
granted under the Liquor Ordinance, 1917.
Class of Lici >ir. :
1. Store Liquor Licence
2. Tavern Licence
:i. Wine and Beer on Licence
4. Wine and Beer off Licence
5. General Wholesale Liquor Licence ...
6. General Retail Licence :--
00 When the premises are si fcuate in Lagos
Township ">> <> <»
(b) When the premises a:e situate in a
Township of the 2nd class 30 0 t)
(<■) When the premises are situate else-
Lere 15 0 0
£
s.
d.
15
0
0
25
ii
(1
5
0
1)
1
0
0
50
0
1)
Hotel Liquor Licence 25
0 0
The Commissioners of Stamp Duties are the Attorney-General the Legal
Advisers, ilie Chief Inspector of Mines, the principal Treasury Officer at Lagos,
Kaduna. Calabar and Warri, the Station Magistrates and Registrars and Deputy
Registrars of documents, the Resident or senior Administrative Officer at the
headquarters of each of the Northern Provinces and the District Officer and
?tant District Officer at Ihndan.
(8 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
8. Club— £ b. d.
(a) Proprietary Club 25 0 0
(//) Members" Club * 5 0 0
9. Railway Station Liquor Licence ... ... 15 0 0
10. Railway Restaurant Car Liquor Licence ... 10 0 0
Temporary Liquor Licence for each day or
part of a day 10 0
For the transfer or removal of a Licence —
(a) Licences 2, 5, G or 7 above 1 0 0
(V) Other Licences 0 10 0
For a permit to introduce Liquor into a
prohibited area 0 0 G
Under Regulation Xo. G of 1917 the following fees are
charged for licences for motor vehicles : —
£ s. d.
Motor cycle (with or without side car)... ... ... 1 0 0
Motor vehicle to carry not more than five persons,
weight unladen not exceeding 30 cwt 4 4 0
Motor vehicle, weight unladen exceeding 30 cwt. but
not exceeding 50 cwt. 8 8 0
Motor vehicle, weight unladen exceeding 50 cwt. ... 30 0 •)
There is reduction of one quarter, one half or three
quarters of the above fees when the licence is issued after
the 1st April, the 1st July or the 1st October respectively.
A fee of 5s. is payable before any vehicle can be
registered. Any person driving a motor vehicle must
produce to any Police Officer who demands it his
" Driver's Licence/' the cost of which is 5s. A test may
be required in some cases before this licence is issued.
Tbe Revenue is also augmented by receipts from
sundry licences, fees, etc., e.g., there is charged—
e s. d.
For the grant of a special licence under the Marriage
Ordinance (No. 18 of 1914) 5 5 0
(The Principal Registrar of Marriages is the
Police Magistrate. Lagos).
For the grant of an Auctioneer's licence for one
year under the Sales by Auction Ordinance
(No. 20 of 1917) with privilege of agents ... 26 10 0
Without privilege of agents 24 0 0
For a Dog licence for one year under Ordinance No.
* of 1915 0 2 n
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 79
For a licence to bear arms of precision for one year
trader Ordinance No. 8 of 1917 0 5 0
(A civil officer is entitled to a free licence for a
revolver and a military officer to a free licence
for any firearm forming part of his equipment ).
For each permit (to remain in force for one month)
or renewal of a permit under the Cinematograph
Ordinance, 1(.M7 1 0 0
For each registration or renewal of registration under
the Money-Lenders Ordinance, 1 'J 1 7 10 0
Direct Taxes. — The Direct Taxes are levied in the
Northern Provinces under the authority of Ordinance No.
1 of 1917. The General Tax (known as Haraji in Moham-
medan districts and as the "Government Tax" in others)
is an iucome tax based on the wealth of the different
villages as assessed by the Resident and his staff. It re-
places the numerous kinds of taxes and irregular imposts
formerly collected by the native chiefs. "The unit so
far as the Government is concerned is the village, and the
proportion to be paid by the individual is left to the village
headman."* The " Jangali" or livestock taxis similar in
principle but is imposed on the owners of cattle, sheep
and goats, the rate fixed being approximately the same
as on other forms of property or wealth, viz., one tenth of
the annual value. These taxes are collected by the
native administrations who pay a portion (generally 50°/°)
to the Government, retaining the balance for the use of
the native treasury.
The provisions of Ordinance No. 1 of 1917 have been
applied to certain districts of the Southern Provinces by
Order-in-Council made under Ordinance 29 of 1918, and
taxation has been introduced in these districts on similar
lines to the above.
* Memorandum on taxation of natives of Northern Nigeria by Sir F. D. Lugard.
Colonial Reports. Miscellaneous. No. 40.
CHAPTER XIII.
Law, Courts, Criminal Statistics,
Police and Prisons.
The legislative power in Nigeria is vested in the
Governor alone so far as the Protectorate is concerned,
and in the Governor and Legislative Council so far as the
Colony is concerned. A law relating to the Protectorate
only is therefore ''enacted by the Governor of the
Protectorate" and one relating to the Colony only is
u enacted by the Governor of the Colony of Nigeria with
the advice and consent of the Legislative Council
thereof." In the case of an Ordinance applying to
Nigeria as a whole, it is " enacted by the Governor of the
Colony and Protectorate of Nigeria, with the advice and
consent of the Legislative Council so far as the provisions
(of the Ordinance") relate to the Colony. " An Ordinance
is as a rule published in the Gazette in the form of a
Bill, with a short statement of the objects and reasons for
its enactment, at least two months before it is enacted.
After enactment it is published again in its final form,
coming into operation on the day it is thus published, unless
otherwise provided, and in due course the disallowance
or non-disaJlowance of the Ordinance by His Majesty is
notified in the Gazette. A number of Orders in Council,
Regulations and Rules are made by the Governor or by
the Governor-in-Council (in some cases with the advice
and consent of tin1 Legislative Council so far as the
Colony is concerned) under and by virtue of powers
conferred by various Ordinances. These are published
in the Gazette immediately after enactment.
The task of revising and consolidating the Jaws of
Southern and Northern Nigeria has been a heavy (me, but
is now completed. All the more important laws have
been re-enacted, and the Criminal Code Ordinance (No. 15
of 1916) contains in a handy form practically the entire
criminal law of Nigeria.
The present Statute Law consists of the Ordinances
i asseel since the 1st January, 1914, and such Ordinances of
Southern Nigeria and Proclamations of Northern Nigeria*
a< have not been repealed. An Index to the titles of all
laws now in force is given in Appendix IN.
The laws ol Southern Nigeria were revised and published in two volumes in
|9u8 and those ol Northern Nig?rin in one volum? in 1910, Since those d ites and
up to the end of 1913 many further laws \\ ere enacted,
(80)
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 81
The Common Law, doctrines of Equity and the
statutes of general application which were in force in
England on the 1st January, 1900, are in force within
the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court of Nigeria, and
native law and custom is observed and enforced among
natives, so long as it is not incompatible with the natural
principles of justice and equity or contrary to local
enactments.! In the Mohammedan districts of the north
Mohammedan law, of the Maliki school, is administered
by the native courts and recognised by Government.
The Supreme Court of Nigeria consists of a Chief
Justice and four Puisne Judges. J "The territorial
jurisdiction is limited to the Colony and certain important
trading centres in the Protectorate, but there is an
extraordinary jurisdiction iu certain classes of cases
extending over the whole Protectorate, and there is a wide
power of transfer from the Provincial Courts. The Court
is also a Court of Appeal from the Provincial Courts in
civil matters." § There are two Divisions or Circuits, the
Eastern || and the Western,*! and Assizes are held in each
Division at least twice a year. " The Courts sit
continuously for eight months in the year, the remaining
four (June to September, inclusive) being observed as a
vacation, but provision is nevertheless made for the
conduct of business of any urgency by the vacation judge
or judges." § The Full Court, which is a Court of Appeal
from the Supreme Court, sits at least once a year and at
other times as the Chief Justice may direct.
The Nigeria (Privy Council Appeals) Order in Council,
1917, which was published in the Nigeria Gazette of the
11th October, 1917, lays down the procedure and rules to
be observed in appeals from the Full Court or Supreme
Court of Nigeria to the Judicial Committee of His
Majesty's Privy Council.
The Police and Station Magistrates and any District
Officer in charge of a district within which lies any area in-
cluded in the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court are
t Ordinance No 6 of 1914, section 14.
J The Chief Justice and Puisne Judges of the Gold Coast are also ex-officio Puisne
Judges of Nigeria.
§ Annual Report on the Supreme Court for 1914.
Comprising that part of the Protectorate lying to the east of the Niger and
south of the Benue, the provinces of Benin and Warri, the Kabba division of the
Ilorin Province, and the town and environs of Lokoja.
€ Comprising the remainder of the Protectorate and the Colony.
82
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
ex-oflicio Commissioners of the Court, with powers in
civil cases where the amount in dispute does not exceed
£50, and in criminal cases where the punishment does not
exceed a fine of £50 or six months imprisonment. An
appeal from the decision of any of these Commissioners
lies to the Supreme Court, and all cases tried by them
are examined by the Chief Justice, who has power to
reverse any judgment.
Court Fees are regulated by " The Supreme Court
Ordinance, 1914 " (No. 6 of 1914) and are as follows : —
In Civil Matters.
Commencement of Suits.
Where the value of the property.
claim or demand : —
does not exceed £10
exceeds £10 and does not exceed
25
50
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
is £ 1 ,000 or upwards
Note. — In all cases the value of the property involved and the amount of damages
claimed must be stated in the writ oi' summons.
The value of any land shall not he taken as less than £50 except by the
direction of the Court.
On Summons. On Hearing.
On a petition or claim for Judicial relief or
assistance, but not the recovery, of money
or property 1 0 0 ...
Where an injunction is claimed in addition to damages, an
extra hearing fee (in addition to that chargeable under
the above scale) of
On filing any petition or claim to be heard before the
court, not otherwise provided for (to include hearing fee)
On issuing writ of habeas corpus
On summons for the administration of the property of a
deceased person, to include hearing
On drawing up administration decree (unless a reference
is directed under Order xxxvn)
On drawing up order on further consideration, where the
property administered exceeds £2i K)
Not*. — If, at or before the commencement of the hearing, the whole cause of action
is admitted, half the hearing fee -hall he returned.
{,'ounter-clKim or tei off.— The eame court and service fees as would be payable on an
original summons.
On Summons.
On H
earinj.
e s.
d.
E
S.
d.
o 2
6
o
2
fi
£25
o 5
0
o
5
0
50
o 5
0
0
10
0
100
0 10
0
0
15
0
•200
1 0
0
1
10
0
300
1 10
0
2
5
0
400
2 0
0
3
0
0
;>i m i
2 10
1)
3
15
II
600'
;; o
0
4
10
0
Too
3 10
0
5
5
0
soo
4 0
0
6
0
1)
'.1011
4 10
0
6
15
0
1 ,000
5 0
0
7
10
0
. . .
5 10
0
.. 10
0
I)
1 10 o
o 15 o
10
10
o id o
0 10 (I
1 0 0
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
83
Interlocutory.
On sotting down a case for hearing after being struck out
or adjourned through the default of any party, one half
the hearing fee. hut in no case less than 2s. 6d., to be paid
by. or recovered from, the party in default.
On tiling every notice of motion (not specially charged)...
On filing every affidavit (including all exhibits thereto) or
any other document not specially charged
On every order to show cause ...
On every other order drawn up by direction of the court
not being a non-suit or judgment ...
On every subpoena
On application for warrant to arrest absconding defendant
or for interim attachment of property
On filing bond or security
On warrant for arrest of absconding defendant
On warrant of attachment against property where the
value is less than £50 ...
On warrant of attachment against property where the
value is £50 or upwards
On application for warrant for detention of a ship
On warrant for detention of a ship
On application for writ of foreign attachment
On writ of foreign attachment
When an inquiry is directed and is ordered to be made by
an officer of the court, on each sitting or adjourned
sitting (to include any report)
Where an account is directed to be taken by an officer of
the court, on every £50 or part thereof of the amount
found to have been received without deducting any
payment (to include any report)
e s. d
0 2 6
0 1 0
0 2 6
0 5 0
0 1 0
0 5 0
() 10 0
0 5 0
0 5 0
0 10 0
1 0 0
2 0 0
0 10 0
2 0 0
0 10 0
0 2 0
Review and Special Case.
On motion for review of judgment, if amount involved is
under £50
On motion for review of judgment in every other case
On settling every special case, from each party
On setting same down for hearing
On every new trial an additional hearing fee shall be taken
s
0 5
0
0 10
0
0 5
0
1 0
0
Proceedings to enforce Decrees and Orders.
On every judgment debtor summons, to include hearing ...
On every warrant of arrest and commitment
On every warrant of execution or sequestration against
property for less than £50
On every warrant of execution or sequestration against
property for £ 50 and upwards
On every warrant of arrest and imprisonment
On every summons for the release of property from attach-
ment
1)
2
6
0
2
0
0
5
0
0
10
0
0
5
0
0 2 0
84 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Interpretation.
£ s. d.
For interpreting any language, except one in common use
in the district, for each day or part of a day such fee as
the court may think proper, not exceeding * 10 0
From Judge.
Appeals.
From District
Commissioner.
£ s. d. £ s. d.
On motion for leave to appeal 0 5 0 ... 10 0
On every bond 0 2 6 ... 0 10 0
On order for leave to appeal 0 5 0 ... 1 0 0
On making up appeal record, per folio of
72 words of the record 0 0 4 ... 0 0 4
On drawing appeal case, per folio ... 0 1 0 ... <» 1 <>
On fair copies thereof, per folio 0 0 4 ... 0 0 4
Costs of transmission, and other charges, as the court directs.
On setting down appeal for hearing, the same fees as would he payable
for summons and hearing fee in an original action for the amount or
subject matter in dispute on appeal.
Probate and Administration.
On filing application for probate or administration
On filing oath of executor or administrator , ...
On taking justification of sureties, for each surety ...
On filing administration bond
On probate or letters of administration, where the value
of the property in respect of which the grant is made
does not exceed £25
Exceeds £25 and does not exceed £50 ...
Exceeds £50, for each £50 or fractional part thereof...
On inventory of property, when directed to be taken by an
officer of the court, for the first three hours or part
thereof 0 0 0
On inventory of property, when directed to be taken by an
officer of the court, for every subsequent hour or part
thereof
On application for leave to search index to grants ...
On application for leave to inspect grants
On deposit of original will for safe custody
Vote. — Under the Marriage Ordinance, in certain circumstances both
personal property must he taken into account in assessing the duly payable on
a grant of administration.
Divorce.
On every citation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 5 »»
On filing petition ... ... ... ... ... <• 5 0
On filing answer or farther pleading ... ... ... ... »• 5 0
On setting down case for hearing ... ... ... ... 0 15 0
.\ufr. - All other fees sanctioned by the Court and not specifically provided for in
this seale shall he charged in conformity with the law ana practice for the
time being in force in England,
£
s.
d.
0
5
0
0
5
0
0
2
6
i)
10
0
1
0
1)
1
0
0
0
2 0
0
1 0
I)
2 6
1)
6 (i
MM
1 and
II
1
i)
II
2
6
0
2
6
1
0
0
0
2
0
i)
1
6
l HE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 85
Service.
£ B. (I.
Servioe of a summons or any document under any branch of
the civil jurisdiction
Every personal arrest
Execution of any writ againsl property ...
In cases of difficulty, or where the property is of large amount,
the court may authorise a larger fee not exceeding
Every man in possession, when necessary, for the first
three days, each ... ...
For every subsequent day ... ...
Every sale under execution, including the receipt of the
purchase money and delivery of the property, where the
property sold does not produce more than £300, 5 per cent. ;
£400, 4 per cent. ; £500, 3 per cent. ; and where it exceeds
£500. 2t per cent.
When a constable or messenger executes any duty under this
head at a greater distance than one mile and a half
(English) from the court he is entitled, in addition to the
specified fees, to receive for every further complete mile
less than five miles (one way) ... ... ... ... ... 0 0 6
If beyond five miles, at the rate of 2s. 6d. a day for the time
necessarily occupied in travelling.
Where the Sheriff or Registrar executes auy duty in person, by the
direction of the court, he is entitled in lieu of mileage, to his actual
travelling expenses.
For any duty not herein provided for, the officer may receive such
fee as the court may allow.
Note. — Where an officer serves more than one writ upon the same route, one mileage
rate only is to he charged and apportioned upon the writs.
The fees under the head of "Service" shall he received by the Begistrar for the
use of the officers charged with the performance of the particular services.
In addition to the above fees the party on whose behalf such services are to be
performed shall be liable to pay such expenses of transport as the court may
think reasonable.
Officers of Courts. £ s. d.
For taking statement of party when directed by the Court,
according to circumstances as the Court may allow. 2s. to 10s.
For drawing bill of costs when directed by the court, per
folio of 72 words 0 0 6
Taxing costs when directed by the court where the amount
of the bill delivered does not exceed £5 ... ... ...0 2 0
And for every additional £5 or fractional part thereof ... 0 2 0
Making copy of any document when authorised by the court,
per folio of 72 words • ... 0 0 4
Miscellaneous.
Commission to take evidence out of the jurisdiction
Commission to take evidence within the jurisdiction
For taking the acknowledgment of a married woman
On swearing every affidavit in a proceeding in court for each
deponent 0 10
1
0
0
0
5
0
1
0
<)
I)
5
0
1
1
1)
1
0
0
0
10
II
1
0
1)
1)
10
0
II
10
0
86 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
£ s. d,
On swearing every affidavit (other than those required by
s. 17 of " The Sales by Auction Ordinance "*) not in a
proceeding in court for each deponent ... ... ... 0 2 0
On making a declaration (except where required by the
regulations of a Government department) ... ... ... 0 1 0
On marking every exhibit or document annexed to any
affidavit or declaration ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 0 G
On attesting the execution or signature by any party of any
deed or instrument (other than agreements under the
"Master and Servant Ordinance'') not expresslv provided
for 0 1 0
On affixing the seal of the court to any document not in
a proceeding ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 5 0
For certifying a copy of any document as an office copy, for
every folio of 72 words or part thereof ... ... ... 0 0 2
On granting certificate of purchase of land sold in execution
of decree
On appointment as commissioner to administer oaths, etc. ...
On sealing of a letter of request ...
On transfer of foreign judgment ...
On order under Foreign Tribunals Evidence Act, 1856
On certificate under Foreign Tribunals Evidence Act, 185G.:.
On certificate of service of foreign process
In Criminal Matters.
On every summons (to include hearing fee) 0 4 •>
On every warrant to arrest (unless specially directed by the
court to be issued) 0 2 0
On each recognizance (except to prosecute or give evidence) 0 2 0
Warrant to levy on property 0 2 0
Note. — The court may direct repayment, if it sees fit. of any fees paid in a criminal
proceeding.
By Ordinance No. 7 of 1914 the system of Provincial
Courts, which had previously existed in Northern Nigeria,
was extended to the Southern Provinces. "These Courts
exercise a jurisdiction equal to that of the Supreme Court
but no sentence of death, deportation, imprisonment
exceeding six months, fine over £50, or corporal punish-
ment exceeding twelve strokes can be carried out until
confirmed by the Governor or his delegate. The full
powers of the Court are only vested ex-officio in the
Resident of a province, but may be conferred on any
District Officer with proper qualifications. All Adminis-
trative Officers are Commissioners of the Provincial Court
and exercise such varying powers as may be conferred
upon them." * The Cause Lists from the Courts of the
• Annual Report on the Nigeria Blue Book for 1014.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
£7
Southern Provinces are examined by the Chief Justice
while the Cause Lists from the Courts of the Northern
Provinces are carefully scrutinised by a Legal Adviser
who submits to the Governor or his delegate his
recommendations as to the confirmation, variation or
< I Hashing of decisions.
By the ''Provincial Courts Ordinance, 1914" (No. 7 of
1914) it is provided that the fees specified in accordance
with the provisions of the Supreme Court Ordinance
[supra) shall be paid by the party prosecuting the
proceeding. The Court may, on account of the poverty
of any party, or for other sufficient reason, dispense, if it
sees lit, with the payment of all or any of the fees.
The following table shows the number of civil cases
commenced in the Supreme Court or transferred from the
Provincial Courts and disposed of during 1918 and the two
previous sittings : —
Sittings.
Commenced.
Heard.
1915-16 (12 months)
1916-17 (15 months)
1918 (9 months)
423
418
361
356
432
280
The figures for the 1918 sittings include 18 cases
transferred from the Provincial Courts. There were 19
appeals in civil cases from the Provincial Courts in 1918.
The Police Magistrates heard 2,849 civil cases at Lagos
and 352 civil cases at Calabar during 1918.
The following table shows the number of persons
brought before the criminal side of the above-mentioned
courts in 1918, and how they were disposed of: —
Brought before.
Number
of persons
Supreme Court
Magistrates' Courts .,
Provincial Courts
293
13,591
7,386
Acquitted.
123
1 .765
Convicted.
170
11,688
4,842
Sent for trial
to a superior
Court.
13K
88 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Ordinance No. 8 of 1914, since replaced by No. 5 of
1918, reconstituted the Native Courts as purely native
tribunals, occupied chiefly with matrimonial and debt
cases and other matters subject to native law and custom.
A large number have also a wide criminal jurisdiction
extending even to capital cases. In the Northern
Provinces and to a limited extent in the Southern
Provinces the native judges have been placed on fixed
salaries. The Alkali, or judge, of the Mohammedan
Courts, is almost invariably a man of great ability,
possessing a profound knowledge of the law lie
administers.
The following fees are collected under Regulation No.
7 of 1914 made under the authority of the Native
Courts Ordinance.
10 per cent, judgment debts collected to be paid by the winner
or loser at the discretion of the Court.
10 per cent, of value of Estate if administered by the Court.
Civil Matters — £ s. d
On issue of summons, where the claim does not
exceed £10 0 5 0
On issue of summons, where the claim exceeds £10 ... 0 10 0
On issue of summons where the cLaim is not for
the recovery of money or goods but for other
relief or assistance ... ... ... ... ... 0 5 0
If the claim arose more than five 3rears before the application
for a summons — Double Fee.
Criminal Matters — £ s. d.
On issue of summons or warrant, unless issued
at a special direction of President or Vice-
President of the Court 0 5 0
Civil and Criminal Matters—
On issue of summons for witness 0 1 0
On adjournment of hearing at request of a party,
by applicant ... ... ... ... ... ... 0 1 0
The chief Law Officer and head of the local Bar is the
Attorney-General, who is assisted by a Crown
Prosecutor. There are also Legal Advisers to the
Lieutenant-Governors of the Northern and Southern
Provinces. The Chief Justice has power* to admit as
barristers and solicitors of the Supreme Court any
admitted barristers or advocates of Great Britain or
Ireland, and any persons who may have been admitted as
solicitors or writers to the signet in any of the courts at
London, Dublin or Edinburgh. Every barrister so admitted
pBy the Rule-; of Court made under Ordinance No, 6 of 1914.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 89
is entitled to practise as a solicitor and every solicitor as
an advocate. The stamp duty payable! on admission as a
banister and solicitor of the Supreme Court is £10, and
a similar amount is also payable on admission as a notary
public. Notaries public are appointed by the Chief Just ice
under the provisions of Ordinance No. 21 of 1917, which
also prescribes the fees which may be charged by a notary
public. A list of lawyers practising in Nigeria as
barristers and solicitors and a list of notaries public will
be found in the Supplement.
There are two Police Forces in Nigeria, one for the
Colony and Southern Provinces and one for the Northern
Provinces. Each is under the control of an Inspector-
General assisted by a number of European officers. 1 1 1
the Northern Provinces the Government Police are to a
certain extent relieved of their ordinary police duties by
the (unarmed) native police (Dogarai) who are in the pay
and under the control of the native administrations, but in
the Colony and Southern Provinces almost the whole of the
detection and suppression of crime is in the hands of the
regular Police. The rank and file of both forces are armed
with carbines and form a semi-military force, detachments
of which have been used from time to time for the sup-
pression of minor disturbances.
Government convict prisons are established at
Lagos, Abeokuta, Calabar, Port Harcourt, Enngu (Udi),
Lokoja and Kaduna. There are in addition about forty
provincial and divisional prisons.
The number of persons committed to prison in 1918
was 30,463, of whom 118 were committed for debt, and
9,048 for want of security. The daily average prison
population in 1918 was 7,856. The Prisons Departments of
the Northern Provinces and of the Colony and Southern
Provinces are separate, and are under the control of
Directors of Prisons. The native administrations of the
Northern Provinces maintain a number of jails at the
principal centres in which prisoners convicted by the
native courts are confined. These jails are under the
control of the Resident and the Government Medical
Officer. The daily average in these jails during 1918
was 2,481.
t Under Ordinance No. 42 of 1916.
CHAPTER XIV.
Education.
Education in Nigeria is not compulsory, and indeed
until comparatively recently was left entirely in the
hands of missionaries, tlie first Government School being
founded so late as 1899. In the Colony and Southern
Provinces there were, at the end of 1918, 44 Government
Schools, 189 "Assisted" private schools, and a large
number (probably more than 1,400) of unassisted schools.
In the Northern Provinces the difficulty of obtaining
trained staffs of native teachers has not yet been over-
come, but there are good grounds for hoping that a College
for this purpose may soon be in existence. Prejudice
of parents against sending their sons to the Government
Provincial and Rural schools is undoubtedly slighter than
it was formerly, both in Mohammedan and Pagan districts,
while the demand for instruction in arts and crafts is
certainly increasing.
There are now in the Northern Provinces 17 Govern-
ment schools, 107 Mission or other private schools, and
over 25,000 Mohammedan schools. In the large majority
of the last-named practically the entire time of the pupils
is occupied in learning by heart and in writing portions of
the Koran, though in a few of them the simple rules of
arithmetic are taught.
Such of the mission and other private schools as
conform to the requirements of the Education Ordinance
(Xo. 50 of 1916) and Regulations (No. 2L of 1916) are
assisted financially by the Government, the amount of the
grant being based upon the results of continual inspections
by the officers of the Education Department, on the ratio
of instructors to pupils and the qualifications of the
instructors, and on the general tone of the school and the
condition of the school buildings.
In the various arts and crafts schools instruction is
given in cart building, carpentry, blacksmithing, tanning,
brickmaking and laying, weaving, saddlery and upholster-
ing, and artistic leatherwork.
TT1 1 NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 91
In the Colony and Southern Provinces education is
more widespread and popular, although female education
lias made little progress outside of Lagos and Calabar.
King's College, Lagos, which has a European staff, provides
a secondary educal ion for about 70 boys. In the Cambridge
University Local Examinations held in December, 1918,
seventeen of the pupils obtained certificates, five in the
senior, ten in the junior and two in the preliminary
division. Evening continuation classes and special classes
for teachers are also held at King's College.
There are separate Education Departments for the
Northern and Southern Provinces, each under the control
of a Director of Education, who is assisted by an
inspecting and teaching European and native staff.
A list of members of the Boards of Education for
the Northern Provinces and the Colony and Southern
Provinces will be found in the Supplement.
•
CHAPTER XAr.
Public Health, Sanitation, Hospitals, Etc.
Nigeria, in common with the rest of West Africa, has
had its development seriously retarded by its climate, and
to this day the reputation it earned in former times has
hardly improved. While it cannot yet be claimed that the
country is a healthy one, the fact remains that much has
been done within recent years to improve it. Anti-
mosquito and other sanitary measures have reduced the
European mortality considerably, and the increased know-
ledge and experience of tropical diseases and the means
to combat them must in time make Nigeria, if not a
healthy country, at least one in which Europeans can live
with a fair amount of comfort and security. The main
causes of improved health are better food (cold storage,
etc.) good water (condensers) better houses and comforts;
also much more rigorous invaliding and medical examina-
tion at home and the opening up of healthy plateaux in
the interior, it is, however, improbable that the country
will ever be suitable for white settlers.
The principal diseases to which Europeans are liable
in Nigeria are malaria, black water fever, rheumatic fever,
anaemia, neuritis and neuralgia, while diseases of the
digestive apparatus and skin diseases are frequent.
Among the natives the most common diseases are
pneumonia, diarrhoea, anaemia, neuralgia and rheumatic
affections. Syphilis and gonorrhoea are common diseases
all over the country and " helmenthic infections are so
prevalent that it would be difficult to find a native who
does not harbour one at least of the three most common
parasites. The percentage of the population infected with
ankylostomiasis is very high, probably over 80 ■ in certain
areas."* A mild form of sleeping sickness is endemic in
certain parts of the Niger delta and along the banks of the
river Benue, which are infested with the tsetse fly. Beri-
Beri is fairly prevalent in the Cross River districts, and
Annual Report on the Nigeria Blue Book Tor l'Jlo.
(92)
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 93
there is a good deal of leprosy along the banks of the
lower Niger and in certain inland towns. There are
occasional sporadic outbreaks of yellow fever and small
pox. At the end of 1918 there was a severe epidemic
throughout the country of Spanish influenza.
Considerable attention has been given to the important
question of sanitation. Sanitary Officers are stationed at
the large centres, and visits are paid to the smaller
towns; a number of native youths are trained as Sanitary
Inspectors and much has been accomplished by the
teaching of hygiene in schools and by practical demon-
strations in the towns. Anti-mosquito work and other
measures for the prevention of disease arc carried out
systematically, and segregation of the European population
(by the establishment of separate reservations for Euro-
peans and Natives divided by a belt 440 yards wide) at
many of the more important political and commercial
centres has already been accomplished. Vaccination is
compulsory* in the Colony and Southern Provinces and in
such portions of the Northern Provinces as the Governor
may direct.
Government Medical Officers are posted at various
stations, and there are hospitals at Calabar, Lagos, Lokoja,
Kaduna, Onitsha and Warri at which European
Nursing Sisters are stationed. There are also hospitals
at other stations. The following chargest are made
for attendance and accommodation in a Government
Hospital : —
Government Officers with incomes of £300 or over, per day
Non-officials ,, „ „ „ ,, „
Government Officers „ „ „ under £300 „
Non-officials _ „ „
European N.C.O.'s of the Nigeria Regiment ... ,,
Native Officials ... ... ... ... ...
Native non-officials with incomes of £200 or over ,,
Natives with incomes of less than £200, if in the
Government service ... ... ... ... ,,
If not in the Government service ... ... „
• Ordinance No. GO of 1917.
t Government officials are not charged for medical attendance or medicines.
t This charge is douhled where adequate private Hospital accommodation is
available,
5s.
Os.t
3s.
Gs.J
2s. 6d.
Is.
2s. 6d.+
Gd.
Is.
94
I UK NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Government Medical Officers are allowed private
practice under certain restrictions, and there are also
a small number of private practitioners; a private hospital
(Dr. Gray's) was opened in Lagos in 1914.
The Government Dentist travels among the. British
West African Colonies and visits the more important
centres in Nigeria. Government officers are not charged
for ordinary dental treatment given by him.
By Ordinance No. 7 of 1910, Medical practitioners and
dentists are required to register and a list showing the
names and qualifications of those registered is published
in the Gazette early in January each year. The Registrar
is the Director of the Medical and Sanitary Service, and
the registration fee is one pound.*
Births and deaths of all non-natives must be
registered ; the births and deaths of natives are only
compulsorily registerable in certain places.
All Government Medical Officers are members of the
AYest African Medical Staff, appointments to which nre
made by the Secretary of State. They are required to
take a course in tropical hygiene and medicine before
being eligible for promotion. There is a Principal Medical
Officer for the Northern Provinces and one for the Southern
Provinces and Colony, while the whole medical and
sanitary service of Nigeria is under a Director.
A great deal of research work is carried out at the
Medical Research Institute at Yaba (near Lagos), and
there is a laboratory at which samples of imported food-
stuffs and spirits are analysed.
Lunatic Asylums are established at Yaba and Calabar.
There is also a Leper Asylum at Yaba, and several
isolation camps for lepers have been established by the
Native Authorities at various centres.
Supplement for li-i <>t registered medical practitioners and dentists,
CHAPTER XVI.
Towns and Municipalities.
The most important town in Nigeria is Lagos, which
is the seat of Government and the administrative head-
quarters of the Colony and Southern Provinces. It is
situated on an island in a large lagoon, connected by
creeks with Dahomey on the west and the Niger delta on
the east, and was formerly the centre of the slave trade
in the Bight of Benin, its position being particularly suitable
for the traffic. British rule was introduced in 1802 in
order that the slave traffic should be suppressed, and
legitimate trade quickly took its place.
Commenced in 1893 as the Lagos Railway, the western
section of the Nigerian Railway has now a total length
of 959 miles, the southern terminus of which is situated
at Iddo, a small island in the Lagos lagoon, connected
with Lagos Island and the mainland by two bridges. The
increasing length and the growth of traffic on the railway
have been reflected in the increase of the importance and
wealth of the port of Lagos, which is moreover the
centre of a very large "lagoon trade" carried on by
canoes. The port has been improved considerably by the
extensive harbour works, continual dredging, and increased
wharfage accommodation. The total tonnage of vessels
entered at Lagos in 1918 was 294,669. The building of
deep water docks at Apapa in which large vessels can
lie, and load or discharge cargo direct into railway
trucks, is now under consideration.
The town of Lagos is built on the western portion,
of the island and occupies not much more than a
quarter of it, the remainder (Ikoyi plains) being covered
with trees and scrub. The island is low lying, no part of
it being more than 21 feet in elevation, and certain portions
of it are covered by swamps. Reclamation work has
been carried out from time to time and many of the
swamps have been filled in.
(95)
96 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The Lagos Township includes the islands of Lagos
and Iddo, Ebute Metta and Apapa on the mainland, and a
portion of the land lying between the Lagoon and the
sea. The total native population was at the last census
(1911) about 73,000, of which about 58,000 were resident on
Lagos island. There were in addition about 530 Europeans.
Lagos is a First Class township under the Townships
Ordinance, 1917, and is governed by a Town Council, the
members of which have all, previously, been nominated by
the Governor.* Ordinance No. 13 of 1919, recently
enacted,! provides for the election of three members of
this council and the nomination, by the Governor, of the
others. All un-official members hold their seats for three
years. Every male person of or over the age of twenty-
one who occupies a tenement in Lagos, of which the
capital or annual value is assessed at not less than £225
or £15 respectively, is entitled to vote for the election of
members. There is always a Government majority on
the Council.
Ordinance No. 13 of 1919 also gives power to the
Town Council to impose, by bye-laws made with the
approval of the Governor, an " Improvement " rate on
tenements in such parts of Lagos as have the benefit of
special amenities in respect of lighting, roads or drainage.
This rate may not, together with the Water Rates,
exceed two- thirds of one per cent, of the annual value of
the tenement.
A general water rate is levied.]: in respect of all
tenements within certain areas of the township, at the
rate of 5"/° of the annual value.
The following tenements are exempt from the rate-
fa,) Tenements on which no building, whether of a permanent or
temporary nature, is erected.
(b) Cemeteries.
(c) Government premises occupied by persons in the service of the
Government.
(d) Places of worship.
(e) Public recreation grounds.
f Tenements occupied by Government or Assisted Schools.
(g) Tenements the annual value of which does not exceed £0.
(When more than one of such tenements are owned by the
same person the exemption extends to only such one of
such tenements as is of the least annual value).
Sec supplement for list of members.
t Hut not vet brought into Force.
Ordinances Nbs. 11 of 1915 and 5 of 1918: Regulations 8 and ;> of 1915;
Orders in Council 9 and 15 of MHO.
annum.
Per mensem.
€2
3s. 4d.
£2 10s.
4s. 2d.
63
5s.
£3 10s.
5s. lOd.
£4
6s. 8d.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 97
When water is supplied by means of a private service to any pre-
mises owned by the Grovernment and occupied by a person in the
service of the Government for residential purposes, and the quantity of*
the water supplied is not measured by a meter, the occupier is required
to pay for the water supplied at the following rates : —
r
Officers drawing a salary less than £400
Officers drawing a salary of £400 or more,
but less than £500
Officers drawing a salary of £500 or more.
but less than L'TOi)
Officers drawing a salary of £700 or more,
but less than £900
Officers drawing a salary of £900 and over
For each outdoor tap other than for domestic purposes Is. per
month.
The price of water supplied bv meter is 2s. 6d. per
1,000 gallons.
The general water rate is payable to the Secretary
of the Town Council half-yearly in advance on the 1st
January and 1st July. Applications for the supply of water
to any tenement should be made to the Water Authority.*
A tax on vehicles is levied in the Township of Lagos,
under the authority of Bye-laws made by the Town
Council and approved by the Governor, as follows : —
£ s. d.
For each bicycle or tricycle ... ... 0 76
For each hand-cart or barrow ... ... 05 0
For each bath-chair, rickshaw or go-cart ... ... 0 15 0
For each two-wheeled carriage, cart or truck ... 10 0
For each four-wheeled carriage, cart or trolley ... 3 0 0
For the fee payable on motor vehicles see page 78.
There is an electric light service in Lagos run by the
Government. Applications for the extension of the
service to any tenement should be made to the Director
of Public Works. The charges made for the use of
electric light are by meter at the rate of lOd. a unit.
Lagos is at present the only First Class Township in
Nigeria, but several Second and Third Class Townships
have been declared. The Local Authority in each is
appointed by the Governor, and in the case of Second Class
Townships he is assisted by an Advisory Board, the
members of which are similarly appointed.
* The Director of Public Works.
9*
TTTE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The following have been declared Second Class
Townships : —
In the Southern Provinces ■
//-■ the Northern Provinces
Aba.
Ilorin.
Abeokuta.
Kaduna.
Calabar.
Kano.
Enngu Ngwo.
Lokoja.
Forcados.
Minna.
Ibadan.
Zaria.
Itu.
Onitsha.
Opobo.
Port Harcourt.
Sapele.
Warri.
the following Third Class Townships :-
In (he Souther// Provinces
/// the Northern Provinces
and Colony :
Abinsi.
Abak.
Ankpa.
Abakaiiki.
Baro.
Ado.
Bauchi.
Afikpo.
Bida.
Agbor.
Ibi.
Anoada.
Jebba.
Aro-chuku.
Kontagora.
A? aba.
. Maidngari.
Awka.
Offa.
Badagri.
Sokoto.
Benin.
Zungeru.
Bonny.
Brass.
Burutu.
Degema.
Eket.
Epe.
Idah.
Ife.
Iiebu-Ode.
Ikom.
Tkorodu.
Ikot-Ekpene.
[laro.
Koko.
Kwale.
Ob libra.
Obudn.
Ogoja.
Ogwashi.
Okigwi.
Okwoga.
Omohia.
Undo.
Owerri.
Ozuakoli.
Ubiaja.
Uyo.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
99
111 Second Class Townships the following tax on
vehicles is imposed by Rules made under the Townships
Ordinance, 1917: —
h. d.
For each bicycle or tricycle... ... ... ... ... 5 0
For each handcart or barrow 2 G
For each hath chair, rickshaw or go-cart 7 0
For each two wheeled carriage, cart or truck 10 0
Tor each four wheeled carriage, cart or trolley 15 0
The Governor has power to declare any portion of a
Township to be a European or non-European reservation
or a non-residential area, and a number of townships have
been laid out in accordance with the principles of segrega-
tion, with beneficial results to the health and comfort of
Europeans and natives alike.
Abeokuta, Ibadan, lloriu, Zaria, Kaduna and Kano,
which are on the Western Division of the Railway, are all
important towns. The first named was until 1914 the
capital of the independent Egba state ; Ibadan has a
population of 175,000; Kaduna has replaced Zungeru as
the Headquarters of the Northern Provinces and has
been proposed as the future capital of Nigeria ; Kano is
important, apart from its manufactures and its history, as
the starting point of the caravan trade with Tripoli and
the chief trade centre of the north.
Sokoto, Katsena, Maidugari, and Yola are other
important towns of the Northern Provinces. Lokoja, at
the junction of the Niger and Benue, is a great centre for
trade.
In the Southern Provinces, apart from the towns on
the railway and the ports, mention of which is made in
Chapter VII, the chief towns are Oyo, Benin and Onitsha.
CHAPTER XVIT.
Land Tenure and Native Administrations.
The 1C] millions of people who constitute the native
population of Nigeria are not a homogeneous race, but are
divided into a large number of tribes, of different origins,
languages, religions and characteristics, and varying
greatly in intelligence and development. The one tiling
they have in common, throughout practically the whole
of Nigeria, is the idea of communal ownership of land.
In 1908 a report * was made by a Committee appointed by
the Secretary of State for the Colonies to enquire into the
system of land tenure existing in Northern Nigeria, which
established the fact that according to native law and
custom no private estate can exist, and that all land was
the property of the people. Land was granted to in-
dividuals who had the use and enjoyment of it, but as this
grant could at any time be revoked there was no question
of freehold as it is understood in England. In evidence
given before the West African Lands Committee in 1912
it was maintained that in Southern Nigeria the general
rule was that each community has rights of distribution
among its members over a certain tract of land. The
distribution is carried out by the head of the community
acting in concert with a council of elders and each member
of the community would be entitled to the use of sufficient
land to provide for his sustenance. Subject to good
behaviour and to the performance of his duties towards
the state he would retain this land for life and at his
death it would pass, usually, to his eldest son, but
always subject to the approval of the original grantors.
"In few places has the administrative control of Britain
been more amply justified than over these savage
regions of Nigeria, ami this has been exemplified in the
land laws. Nationalisation of the land was declared,
a system in accord with native law and custom under
which the land was the property of the people, held in
trust for them by their chiefs, who had no power of
Cd. r5102], 1910.
I ill. m«. i i.i \ HANDBOOK. 101
alienation."3 In the Northern Provinces to-day the land
is held in trust for the people by the Governor and the
alienation of land to non-natives without his permission is
prohibited. No grants of freehold are made but building
ami agricultural Leases an granted by Government with
conditions as to improvements, and revision of rout (at
intervals of 20 years in the case of building leases and of
7 years in the ens-; of agricultural leases). In making
such revision Government is debarred by statute from
taking into consideration any improvements made upon a
site by the lessee, and from charging more, as rent, for
an\ site than the amount which is obtainable, as rent, for
sites similarly situated and of equal areas. If the rent is
raised on revision, the lessee may appeal to the Provincial
Oourt or to the Governor who will appoint an arbitrator.
If the occupied is dissatisfied he may surrender his lease,
and the Governor may award such compensation for
unexhausted improvements as in his discretion he may
think fit.
In the Southern Provinces, native lands are not at the
disposal and under the control of the Governor in the
same way as in the Northern Provinces, Out lands may
not be leased to a non-native, except with the consent of
the Governor. Large tracts suitable for agriculture
are available. "The only freehold properties in the
strict sense are those in that part of Nigeria that was
formerly known us the Settlement or Colony of Lagos (and
the freeholds vested in the Niger Company when their
charter was revoked). The titles are for the most part
based on Grown Grants, and in. deducing a title the rules of
English law apply, subject to such modifications as the
local legislature has prescribed Outside the
limits of the old Colony of Lagos, absolute ownership by
non-natives has in some cases in the past been recognised
by Government, but, broadly speaking, it may be said that
the only title that Government recognises in anon-native
is a leasehold tit le. " t
By Ordinance No. 12 of 1915 (The Land Registration
Ordinance, L915), it is prescribed that every instrument
other than a will, executed after the 1st January,
* The Tropics, by C. R. Knock, p. 94 ('I hese remarks apply particularly to the
Northern Provinces).
t Titles to land in Nigeria, ;i collection of the principal enactments
and oases relating to, p. xiii.
102 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
1916, and every will of a testator, dying after that
date, affecting land in Nigeria, shall be registered, in
the case of a will of any person dying in Nigeria, or of
an instrument executed in Nigeria, within sixty days of
the death of the testator or of the date of execution, or
in the case of a will of any person dying outside of Nigeria
or of an instrument executed outside of Nigeria, within
twelve months. The fee for registering any instrument is
one shilling for every folio of 100 words, and there are
other small fees charged for search in the records, oaths,
certificates, etc. If an instrument other than a will
which is required by law to be registered is not so
registered, it may not be pleaded or given in evidence in
any court, and when an instrument, the registration of
which is compulsory, is not registered within the pre-
scribed time, a penalty equal to four times the fee
prescribed is charged in addition to the prescribed fee.
The chief Land Registries are at the offices of the
Commissioner of Lands in Lagos and the Secretary,
Northern Provinces, Kaduna. Other registries are at
Calabar, Ibadan and Warri.
Prior to the amalgamation, tlie British native policy
in what are now the Northern Provinces of Nigeria
differed almost entirely from that in the south. A large
portion of the people of the Northern Provinces " probably
about half— occupying the Fulani and Bornu states, were
the inheritors of an ancient civilisation (based on the
religion of Islam), which, prior to the assumption of the
Government by the British Crown in 1000, had deteriorated
into a rule of tyranny and -extortion. Slave- raiding had
assumed gigantic proportions, and the armies of the Emirs
had depopulated vast areas which had previously been
inhabited by a dense and industrious pagan population.
A great variety of taxes . . . had become the
instrument of spoliation, and the law courts, formerly
under the control of Alkali deeply read in Mohammedan
law and impartial in their judgments, had also to a large
extent become debased and the servile instruments of a
despotic executive. In these circumstances it was the
inevitable task of the early administration to break the
power of the various states by armed force, to reconstitute
r,he native courts and the system of taxation, and to
reform the native administration. The system which has
been called 'Indirect rule through the native chiefs'
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 103
was sot up. Its Cardinal features were the recognition
of the fact that native rulers were not fitted for
Independent government, but that under supervision
by a political staff (whose policy and methods were
co-ordinated in all the different states by a close
touch with headquarters), they could be educated to
conduct their own affairs and to control a reorganised
native executive and judiciary. A portion of the
reformed tax was assigned to them for the payment of
both the executive and the judges, all of whom, from the
Emir himself down to the heads of districts (and in some
frases even the heads of villages), were gradually placed
on fixed salaries, and had fixed duties. Each separate
community had its own treasury, and its annual
expenditure was kept entirely distinct from the revenue
and expenditure of the Protectorate Government, and
subject only to the approval of the Governor. Powers of
legislation, of the initiation of new or increased taxation,
of maintaining armed forces, and of the disposal of land,
were retained in the control of the Government. A
system so advanced and so elaborate in its detail could
not of course be at once adopted in the areas occupied by
the primitive pagan tribes, who inhabited fully a half
of the Northern Provinces ; but the general outlines of
this scheme of administration were made equally
applicable to all, and it devolved on the political staff by
constant effort to endeavour to raise these tribes to the
same level as that of the Hausa and Bornu states, but
without encouraging them to adopt the Mohammedan
religion." *
In the Southern Provinces the position was entirely
different. Here (with the exceptions mentioned below)
there were no organised native governments and the
large number of tribes under petty kinglets seldom, in
practice, admitted the suzerainty of a paramount chief.
Owing to this, and to the much lower standard of
intelligence among the chiefs, the policy of the north
could not be followed in dealing with the coast population,
and direct rule by the Government, through the Political
Staff, was unavoidable. The chiefs were, however, used
for judicial work in the native courts, which settled
matrimonial and other disputes which could be dealt with
by native law and custom.
* Annual Report en the Nigeria Blue Book for l£li.
lOt THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Abeokuta (Egba) was by treaty, until September, 1914,
an independent native kingdom within Nigeria, a resident,
being stationed there as adviser to the Alake (king).
Owing to the inability of the native authorities to
maintain order, the assistance of the Government was
asked for and Egbaland was placed "unreservedly under
the Government of the Protectorate of Nigeria."
When the old king of Benin* died in exile in 1914, his
son was installed as Oba, on condition that he recognised
the suzerain power of Government.
Direct taxation has been introduced in several
divisions of the Abeokuta, Oyo, Ondo and Benin Provinces,
the chiefs, &c, being placed on fixed salaries and the
system of government becoming assimilated to that of the
Northern Emirates. This however is the exception in the
Southern Provinces.
There are about 50 native treasuries in the Northern
Provinces, the total revenue of these administrations in
1918 being £492,633, and the total expenditure £353,290
(not including £15,664 subscribed to Red Cross funds and
£51,330 towards Imperial war expenses). At the end of
1918 they iiad to their credit surplus funds amounting to
£321,842, in spite of large contributions to the war expen-
diture of Nigeria. The accounting for these funds is to a
large extent in the hands of the native officials themselves
with increasingly satisfactory results. The native
administrations' revenue is chiefly derived in the Northern
Provinces from a share of the general income tax, including
Jangali, and the fines and fees of the native court. In the
Southern Provinces except in the few places mentioned
in the preceding paragraph the income tax does not exist,
but there are large forestry royalties. The appointment
of the principal officers of the native administrations is
subject to the approval of the Governor.
* Sec page 4.
CHAPTER XVIII,
Nigeria and thb War: The Nigeria Regiment.
On the outbreak of war with Germany in August,
191! step- were Immediately taken for the defence of
Nigeria and for offensive action against the neighbouring
German Colony of the Oameroons. The Nigeria Regiment
;|I1(I ||1(. police Forces were mobilised and volunteers
from the European community were enrolled as members
of the Nigeria .Marino Contingent and the Nigeria Land
Contingent.* Special constables were enrolled and a
Committee of Control set up with authority to control
the Bupply and regulate the prices of foodstuffs and
necessaries. It was not at first considered necessary to
Intern euemy subjects resident in Nigeria but all were
Anally arrested and deported to England, a Receiver
being appointed to wind up the enemy estates.
\n early advance into Germau territory along the
rivers Benue and Oro3S met with failure, our troops id the
north being driven hack from Garua, a strong fortress,
and in the south being overpowered by superior forces
al Nsanakang, after inflicting very heavy loss on the
Germans. However, a Large expedition under Brigadier-
General Dobelll compelled Dnala, the chiel town of
the Oameroons, to surrender unconditionally on the
27.th September, 191 I. The expedition consisted of native
troops from all of the British West African Colonies and
French native troops. It included two battalions and a
battery of the Nigeria Regiment, and a large number oi
civilians were attached as temporary officers and non-
commissioned officers. Ships of the Royal Navy and oi
the Nigeria Marine co-operated with the troops. After
the fall of Duala General DobelTs troops seemed both
lines of railway, but the heavy rains prevented a further
advance till the end of 1915.
Early in 1915Colonel (now Brigadier-General) Ounliffe,
Commandant of I lie Nigeria Regiment, who had taken over
command of the operations on the Nigerian holder had
invested Garua. He was assisted by French troops (with
0 Disbanded in 1918 and reconstit lit. <1 ae the Nigeria Volunteer force,
t Now Major-General Sir Charles Dobell.
(105)
106 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
a gun) from the Chad district, and by a naval gun, the
moral effect of which, and the constant advance of our
trenches, so affected the native garrison that the German
commander was compelled to surrender on 10th June, 1915.
Leaving a small force to watch the German garrison at
Mora, an almost impregnable mountain fortress, General
Cunliffe's troops fought their way southwards to effect
a junction with General DobelPs command, and a simul-
taneous advance was made by another column from the
Cross River.
Towards the end of 1915 a general advance was
made on Jaunde, the new German headquarters. General
Cunliffe's troops from the north, General Dobell's from
the west, and French and Belgian troops from the south-
east converging on the town left the Germans no option
but to evacuate it, and it was entered by our troops
on the 1st January, 1916. The German troops retired
towards Spanish Guinea, and in spite of a close pursuit
succeeded in escaping into neutral territory, where they
were disarmed. Mora, the last stronghold of the
Germans, capitulated on the 18th February, 1916, and
the conquest of the Cameroons was complete.
A provisional division of the country was arranged,
the major portion being administered by the French,
while the remainder, which includes Buea, the former
German headquarters, and the port of Victoria, was
handed over to the British and administered from
Nigeria as "occupied territory " under German law.
In November, 1916, a contingent from the Nigeria
Regiment proceeded to East Africa, under the command
of Brigadier-General Cunliffe. It consisted of nearly 200
British and over 3,000 native ranks and later 330 British
and 3,000 more natives were sent to re-inforce the
contingent. The Nigerian troops took part in some of
the severest lighting in East Africa and they suffered
heavy casualties, hut their gallantry in action and the
uncomplaining way in which they bore the hardships of a
particularly arduous campaign won for them the highest
praise. Over 80 decorations were awarded to the British
and about the same number to the native ranks. The
contingent returned to Nigeria in March, .1918, and
received an enthusiastic welcome. In addition to this
about 4^000 carriers were recruited in Nigeria for service
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 107
in East Africa, and a number of men were also recruited
for service with the Inland Water Transport in Mesopo-
tamia. Alter the retain of the contingent from East
Afi'ica it was re-organised as a Brigade for further
service abroad and was about to proceed to Palestine
when the armistice was signed. The Brigade was then
demobilised and the Nigeria Regiment is now once again
at its normal strength.
The enemy properties which had been vested in a
Receiver were sold by auction in London at the end of
1916.
The general attitude of the native population of
Nigeria since the beginning of the war has been one of
loyalty and sympathy for the British. A few minor
incidents have occurred for which the absence of troops
anil scarcity of Political Officers were mainly responsible,
but the important chiefs throughout the country have
given tangible proofs of their loyalty to the British
Government, the Native Administrations of the Northern
Provinces having given about £150,000 towards the
expenses of the Cameroons and East African campaigns.
In addition to this, private subscriptions to various war
funds have been large, three aeroplanes have been
provided and the inhabitants of Nigeria have given
freely to the Red Cross and the Prince of Wales Funds
In spite of the greatly increased cost of living.*
Despite the serious decrease of revenue caused by
the war, by a resolution passed in the Nigerian Council
on 20th December, 1915, Nigeria offered to assume, after
the war, responsibility for a sum of £0.000,000 of the
Imperial War Loan, and has given the services of a large
number of civil officials wiio served with the Navy
and on all the different fronts, in addition to the military
officers and troops who served in the Cameroons and East
Africa. In 1018 over 220 civil officers were seconded for
Imperial service, chiefly under the Admiralty or War
Office. These included Sir J. Eaglesome, K.C.M.G., attached
to the Ministry of Munitions ; Major-General A. S. Collard,
c.b., c.v.c, formerly Director of Inland Waterways
and Docks and now eervipg under the Admiralty;
Brigadier-General 11. H. W. Hughes, c.s.i., c.m.g., d.s.o.,
- Over £150.000 has been subscribed in Nigeria to various War Funds-,
108 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Director of Inland Water Transport, Mesopotamia ;
Brigadier-General A. S. Cooper, c.m.g., Director of Inland
Waterways and Docks ; and the late Brigadier-General
8. C. Taylor, o.s.o. In addition to this there were over
200 vacancies in the service which it was impossible to fill.
The Nigeria Regiment, which took an important share
in the conquest of the Cameroons and East Africa, forms
part of the West African Frontier Force. It has grown oat
of the old Royal Niger Company Constabulary and the
Forces of the old Lagos Colony and Niger Coast Protec-
torate. As soon as they had received their charter in 1880
the Royal Niger Company organised its constabulary, which
at first consisted of five British and two native officers
and about 400 rank and hie, of whom more than half were
Fantis (from the Gold Coast). In view of the critical
situation that followed French encroachments on the
territory of the Niger Company in 1891-97, the British
Government decided to raise a local force, and Colonel
(now Sir Frederick) Lugard was sent out to raise and
command it. By the beginning of 1900 the force had
become a thoroughly well organised and disciplined corps,
which he called the West African Frontier Force, and in
that year the greater part of it under Colonel (now
General Sir James) Wilcocks took a very prominent part
in the Ashanti campaign. At the end of 1901 all the
colonial military forces in British West Africa were
modelled on the same basis and under the same designa-
tion. The Northern Nigeria Regiment consisted of two
batteries and two battalions, to which was added later a
third, Mounted Infantry, battalion. . At the same time
the Lagos Constabulary became the Lagos Battalion, and
the Niger Coast Protectorate Force, with a portion of
the Royal Niger Company Constabulary, became the
Southern Nigeria Regiment of the West African Frontier
Force. On the amalgamation of Lagos and Southern
Nigeria, the Lagos Battalion became the second battalion
of the Southern Nigeria Regiment.
>-■
When Northern and Southern Nigeria were amalga-
mated on the 1st January, 1914, the two Regiments
became one, which was designated the Nigeria Regiment.
Portions of the Regiment are continuously employed on
active service. The more important campaigns in which
it has been engaged are those in Ashanti, Cameroons, and
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 1 Of)
East Africa, Kano, Sokoto, Bornu, Aro, Benin and Egba.
A Dumber of the men wear the African General Service
Medal for one or more of these campaigns. A large
number of decorations for gallantry in the field were
awarded to the men during the Oameroons and East
African campaigns.
The officers and British non-commissioned officers
are seconded from their British regiments for a period
not exceeding five years.
CHAPTER XIX.
Information for newly appointed Government
Officers.
The European officials in the service of Nigeria are
divided into two classes. Those holding any of the
following appointments are graded as second class; all
others are first class : —
Customs Department :
Wharfingers.
Nigeria Regiment :
All Non-Commissioned Officers.
Marine Department :--
Junior Engineers.
Boatswain and Beachmasters.
Senior Foremen,
Foremen,
Motor Mechanics.
Mates.
Technical Instructors (Instructors of Apprentices).
Posts and Telegraphs Department :
Inspectors and Mechanicians.
Railway Department : —
Chief Foremen of Works.
Foremen of "Works,
Foremen Carpenters.
Inspecting Foreman Platelayer,
Foremen Platelayers.
Chief Signal Foreman.
Signal Foremen.
Signal Fitters.
Senior Locomotive Foremen.
Locomotive Foremen,
A.ssistant Locomotive Foremen,
Inspecting Drivers,
Assistant Inspecting Drivers,
Locomotive Drivers,
Senior "Workshop Artisans,
"Workshop Artisans.
Assistant Warehouse Supervisors,
Traffic Inspectors.
Motor Mechanics,
District Station Masters.
European Guards,
Technical Instructor.
aio)
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. Ill
Forestry Department :—
European Foresters.
Colliery Department: -
Under Managers.
Overmen.
Surface Foremen.
Colliery Engineer.
Mechanic.
Foreman Mechanic.
Education Departments :—
Technical Instructors.
Medical Departments :—
British Non-Commissioned Officers.
European Male Nurse,
Confidential Clerk (Southern Provinces),
Confidential Clerk (Central).
Police Departments :
Superintendents.
Prisons Departmes •
Senior Superintendents,
Superintendents.
Agricultural Departments : —
Curators.
Sanitary Departments :
Inspectors.
Survey Department :—
3rd Grade Surveyors,
Office Superintendent.
Cartographer,
Printing Office Superintendent.
Public Works Departments: —
Inspectors of "Works.
Fitters,
Mill Foremen.
Mechanics,
Carpentry Instructor.
Foremen Plumbers.
Chief Pumpers,
A>>istant Pumpers.
Printing Department : —
Senior Assistant Printers.
Assistant Printers.
Proof Reader.
Medical Research Institute :—
Laboratory Attendant.
1 12 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Lagos Harbour Works:—
Mechanical Foremen. Quarry
Foremen, Inspectors of Works, etc.
Municipal Board:—
Foremen of Works.
The Administrative Service of Nigeria consists of all
officers appointed to any of the classes or posts enumerated
in the following list: —
Staff Appointments :
Central Secretary,
1st Class Residents,
Secretary, Southern Provinces,
Secretary, Northern Provinces.
Class I :—
2nd Class Residents.
Class II :—
1st Class District Officers,
1st Assistant Secretaries,
Commissioner of Lands.
Class III :—
2nd Class District Officers,
2nd Assistant Secretaries,
Station Magistrates,
Assistant Commissioner of Lands (1st Grade).
Class IV :—
Assistant District Officers,
Junior Assistant Secretaries,
Assistant Commissioner of Lands (2nd Grade),
European Officers are selected by the Secretary of
State for the Colonies and are appointed by the Governor
on the conditions set out in Colonial Office pamphlet —
Africa West 759 (which is sent to them on selection).
First class officers are on probation for three years and
second class officers for seven years from the date of first
arrival in Nigeria. In certain cases officers are engaged
for service in Nigeria by the Crown Agents for the Colonies
(4, Millbank, London) and in such instances the officer is
required to sign an agreement,* which is also signed hy
the drown Agents on behalf of the Colonial Government.
Officers appointed to certain Departments (e.g., Secre-
tariat, Political and Administrative, and Treasury) may
p Not to lie contused with the agreement which the newly appointed officer
enters into to refund the cost of his passage to Nigeria if he relinquishes his
appointment within three years, on other than medical grounds,
')
Tin: RIGERLA HANDBOOK, lit
b > required to attend the Tropical African Service Courses
of instruction,* and to satisfy tlie examiner in certain
subjects, before they proceed to Nigeria. it is usual for
an officer lo attend half the course] prior to taking up
his appointment and the second half during his first leave.
Courses of instruction are also arranged for officers on
leave in anthropology and entomology and in technical
subjects connected with their work. A lodging allowance
is paid to officers attending these courses provided a
certificate is obtained.
The initial salary of a second class appointment
is as a rule 1*250 per annum, rising by annual increments
of £10 to £300 per annum. The initial salary of a first
class post would probably be £300, rising by animal
increments of £15 to £400 per annum. The next grade,
which can only be reached by promotion, carries a salary of
£400 rising to £500 by annual increments of £20. Incre-
ments are granted provided that the officer has performed
his duties with "diligence and fidelity" during the past
year, and, in certain cases mentioned below, that he has
passed the prescribed language and other tests. There
are of course certain posts to which a different grade of
salary is attached, but the above-mentioned are the more
usual. In the list of staff given in the Supplement, the
salaries of all first class appointments can be seen.
To meet the increased cost of living a War Bonus to
European Officers has been granted at the following
rates : —
Salary not exceeding £50') p.a £120 p.a.
Salary exceeding £500 but not exceeding £600... £100 p.a.
Salary exceeding £60U but not exceeding £700... £80 p.a.
Salary exceeding £700 £60 p.a.
The above Bonus, which is payable whether an officer
is on leave or not, is retrospective to the 1st January,
1917, and will be continued until six months after peace is
restored. Its continuance thereafter, either at the same
rates, or in modified form, until the cost of living has
become fairly normal, will be considered. It is payable to
all European Officials (including Officers and European
Non-Oommissioned Officers of the West African Frontier
Force and Nursing Sisters). The above Bonus was
* Usually held at the Imperial Institute,
t Each half of the Course usually lasts abouf six weeks.
114 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
awarded as a result of a report made by a Special Com-
missioner (Sir A. Wood Renton) sent out to Nigeria by the
Secretary of State towards the end of 1918. It replaces
former and smaller scales of War Bonus, the inadequacy of
which formed the subject of petitious to the Secretary of
State.
Half salary is paid to a newly appointed officer
from the date he embarks for Nigeria, or, in the case of
an officer required to attend a course before appointment,
from tlie date on which he first attends. Full salary is
paid from the date of arrival in Nigeria. The salary of a
second class officer is paid in Nigeria but an allotment, not
exceeding one half of the salary, will be paid to any
relative or banker, if an arrangement to that effect is
made, before leaving England, with the Crown Agents,
who will supply the necessary forms. The matter can be
arranged after arrival in Nigeria, but in such case delay
will be inevitable. A first class officer has the option of
drawing his salary either wholly locally or wholly in
England by payment through the Crown Agents to a
banker or oth r agent. In the latter case he has the
privilege of cashing his cheques (on his British bankers)
through the local Treasury, to the extent each month of
two-thirds of his monthly salary with a maximum of £25
a month. This arrangement is a great convenience to
officers who are liable to be moved from one station to
another. Before an officer sails for Nigeria he must inform
the Crown Agents as to his wishes in the matter, and, if
he desires his salary paid to an agent in England, must
give the necessary authority.
Duty Pay (which is attached to most offices the initial
salary of which is £400 or over), and all fees and
allowances, must be drawn in Nigeria. Fees are drawn
by some of the officers in the Customs and other
departments. Travelling, transport and "bush" allow-
ances are paid to certain officers to cover out-of-pocket
expenses or in lieu of proper quarters.
Every officer is entitled to free furnished quarters,
but, in certain stations, owing to their recent establish-
ment or to their rapid growth in importance, adequate
quarters do not exist for all, and officers are accommodated
in temporary buildings. For this reason there is
difficulty in providing quarters for all officers which
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 115
would be suitable for ladies, and the Government
accordingly does not permit junior officers to bring their
wives to Nigeria without special permission. In no case
is this permission likely to be granted to a newly-appointed
officer. Owing to the climate and the difficulty of
procuring suitable food, the country is unsuited to European
children.
Officers' quarters, although free of rent, are not free
of rates and similar outgoings. A charge, which with
care should not exceed ten shillings a month, is made for
the use of electric light in such quarters as are provided
with it.* Similarly, where water is laid on, a charge is
made, which, in the case of a newly-appointed officer,
would not exceed two pounds a year. Conservancy fees
not exceeding two shillings a month are charged at most
stations.
European officers appointed to the Administrative
Service or the Education, Police, Forestry and Agricul-
tural Departments are required to pass an examination in
a. native language before they are eligible for confirmation
in their appointments or for increments to their salaries.
The expenses of tuition and books are paid by the Govern-
ment. An officer belonging to another department may, if
the approval of the Government be obtained, sit for
examination in a native language, and if he passes will
receive a gratuity of £25.| All officers of the Nigeria
Regiment, under field rank, are expected to pass a
colloquial test in Hausa during their first year, if they are
stationed in the Northern Provinces. The chief languages
in which officers are required to qualify are Hausa, in the
Northern Provinces, and Yoruba, Ibo, and Ibibio in the
Southern Provinces.
Officers newly appointed to the Administrative
Service (Class IV) are required to pass a local examination
in law, the Colonial Regulations, and the Nigerian General
Orders. Only a general knowledge of these is necessary,
but an officer is required to pass the examination before
the receipt of his third annual increment.
* Lagos only.
t A gratuity of £50 is paid to any officer who, having passed the examination
mentioned above, passes another and harder examination in the same la agnage
116 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Any officer whose duties involve financial responsi-
bility is required to furnish security through the Public
Officers Guarantee Fund. The contribution of an officer
appointed to a junior post would depend on the amount of
his financial responsibility, but would not exceed £2 per
annum and this contribution cease- after a certain number
of years. When an officer dies, leaves the service (except
by dismissal) or ceases to perform duties involving financial
responsibility, a refund of his contributions to the fund is
made, provided that the Government has no claim against
hiin.
All civil officers joining the Nigerian service are
required to contribute to the West African Widows and
Orphans Pensions Scheme. The subscriptions are on the
following scale : —
For an officer the maximum of whose scale of salary
does not exceed £275 an annual subscription of £12,
£300 „ „ £15,
£400 „ „ £18,
£500 „ „ £24,
£600 „ „ £30,
the annual contribution increasing by £u for every further
step of £100 in the salary scale.
An officer may, if he wishes to do so, make an
additional annual contribution of one-half of the contri-
bution prescribed. He must notify the Crown Agents
of the date of his birth and, if he is a married man,
of the dates of his marriage and of the births of his wife
and children (if any). On an officer's death a pension is
paid to his widow, or, if he is a widower, to his children;
if males, up to the age of eighteen years, and if
females and unmarried, up to the age of twenty-one. If a"
contributor retires from the Service or dies as a bachelor
one-half of the contributions paid by him to the Scheme
is returned to him or to his legal representatives. The
pension of an officer's widow or children is based on the
ages of the officer and his wife at the time of marriage,
and the amount of the contributions paid by him while a
bachelor.* A pa letails of the Scheme is
generally scut t<> each newly-appointed oJ Leer, and the
° A- an example, let us suppo tb
ty -six paying an annual conti hat when
thirty years oi age he marries, his \\ e years of age ; the
on to which his widow would be entitled on his death would be abou
per annum
i ill-. Mvi;i;i \ HANDBOOK. H?
Scheme is set out in full in the Widows and Orphans
Pensions Ordinance (No. 3 of 1915). As provision for an
officer's family the Scheme offers better terms than
could be obtained from any of the Britten insurance
companies, most of which make a charge of three per cent
on the value of the policy, additional to the ordinary
premium, in consideration of the extra risk involved by
residence in West Africa.
* \n officer who is invalided after he has completed
seven years' service in Nigeria, or an officer who exercises
his option of retiring after eighteen years service, receives
a pension equal to as many fortieths oflus average salary
for the last three years as he has completed years of
service.* The rental value of his free quarters is added
to his salary for the purpose of this calculation. Special
pension privileges are given to professional men. Medical
officers are allowed, if they wish, to retireafter moe
vears' service, receiving a gratuity of £ 1,000, or aftei
twelve vears receiving a gratuity of £1*250 in l^n ol
pension rights. In the event of a Medical Officer dying
after completing either of these periods of -service, tiie
amount is paid to his estate. Officers invalided from the
service before the expiration of seven years are not
entitled to pension, but may, if their service has been
satisfactory, receive a gratuity. Officers holding pension-
able posts in the Imperial or some other Colonial civil
service, if transferred to Nigeria, are entitled to pension
after a year's service if their aggregate service amounts
to seven vears. Officers on agreement are not pensionable,
nor are officers who have not been confirmed in their
appointments.
An officer in normal circumstances is required to
serve in Nigeria for a " tour" of twelve months before he
is entitled to leave of absence. At the end of that tune
if the exigences of the service permit he is allowed to
proceed 'on leave, which, provided he is returning to
Nigeria for further service, consists of four clear monthst
in England and of the time occupied by the voyages from
and to Nigeria. The passages of all officers proceeding to
Nigeria to take up their itmentsj: or proceeding on
9Jn amount of p« ased on the actual salary drawn
att* Sn leave and two months "return "leave.
' u v Squishes his appoint™ nr than medical grounds wi bin
three ^o?Wb arrival in Nigeria,lie is required to refund the cost of his outward passage.
118 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
or returning from leave are paid by the Government, first
class officers receiving a first class passage and second
class officers a second class passage. During the period
of his leave an oiliecr receives full salary, and if he lias not
completed the prescribed courses of instruction lie may
be required to do so. An officer may be required by the
Secretary of State to discharge any duty during his leave
of absence. Should an officer be required to. remain in
Nigeria for more than twelve months he receives gn
addition to his leave of ten days in respect of each complete
month of his " tour " in excess of the first twelve months.
Similarly, if an officer proceeds on leave or is invalided
before he has completed a year's residential service he
receives (provided he is returning to Nigeria) ten days
leave for each completed mouth of residence. Any leave
in excess of that earned by residential service is granted
without pay or, if granted on medical grounds, on half-pay,
iij) to four months provided that certain regulations
are observed. Officers in the Political or Police Depart-
ments of the Northern Provinces may be required to
serve a full year in the provinces to which they arc
posted before being granted leave but, in such cases,
leave is computed according to the dates of arrival in
and departure from Nigeria, the time spent in travelling
to and from their provinces being reckoned as residential
service. When special leave is granted before the
expiration of the usual twelve months' service (on other
than medical grounds) the officer's passage is not paid,
and he receives no pay during his absence from Nigeria,
unless he has completed six months' residential service,
when he may be granted half-pay. -
A Nigeria Branch of the Association of European
Civil Servants of West Africa has recently been formed,
of which all European civil servants in Nigeria are
eligible for membership. The object of the Association is
to provide European Government Officials in the West
African Colonics, as a body, with a means of approaching
Government in a constitutional manner, and to enable
Government to ascertain the representative opinion of
officials with regard to matters affecting the service
generally. \<\n- l he present the subscription is CI per
annum. The address of the Secretary is Post Office Box
No. 330, Lagos.
THE NIGERIA E1ANDB00K. 119
The question of the outfit which it is advisable for an
officer to take to Nigeria is a very (iiilieult one, as so much
depends on where the officer is to be stationed, on
whether he will be required to do much travelling, and on
(he social and sporting inclinations of the individual
himself. The Colonial Oilice will, if requested, give to the
newly-appointed officer the name and address of any
member of his future department who may be on leave in
England at the time. Valuable advice can thus be
obtained from one possessing experience of the life and
conditions to be expected. Stores can of course be
purchased in most of the large towns, but they are not so
well packed as in England, and are more expensive. The
possession of a quantity of stores is at times a nuisance, but
to be without the necessaries and even the comforts of
life is certain to reduce a man's powers to withstand the
effects of a tropical climate. In the West African Pocket
Book, which is sent to every newly-appointed oilicer, a
list of necessary outfit is given.
Fresh food can be got practically throughout the
country ; chickens are plentiful, but in some parts eggs
are difficult to obtain ; fruit end vegetables can be got
fairly easily, except in the Northern Provinces where
fruit is very scarce.
Good servants are rare in Nigeria, and wages are high
when the quantity and quality of the work paid for is
considered. A cook's wages range from Z'l to £4 a
month, a "steward's" from £1 to k'l 10s. a month, and a
"pantry boy's" from 8s. to 16s. a month. "Horseboys,"
gardeners and "ricksha boys" reeeive from 4*1 to £1 10s.
a month each.
The cost of living varies greatly according to where
an officer is stationed, in the large towns, and especially
in Lagos, living is expensive, but in "the bush" it is
comparatively cheap.
In consideration of an annual contribution the
Government of Nigeria has the right of nominating
selected children of officers who have been in the service
of Nigeria to " foundationers hips " tenable at Christ's
Hospital. One child between the ages of 9 and 11 can
be nominated every three years. In addition to the
120 THE NIGERIA. HANDBOOK.
children nominated for presentation, the Nigerian Govern-
ment may nominate one child (under 13 years of age),
about once in two years, to compete at an examination
for " foundationerships " under the same conditions. In
considering applications claims for nominations are
considered in the following order :—
1st. Children of officers who have died in the service of Nigeria.
2nd. Children of officers who have died after leaving that service.
3rd. Children of officers who have been invalided from the
service on small pensions or gratuities.
4th.' Children of officers retired on pension in the ordinary
course.
5th. Children of officers who art the service of Nigeria.
No child can be presented unless the parent or parents
are in actual need of assistance for the education of their
children. Applications should be addressed to the Central
Secretary, and the Government has requested that anyone
who knows of any deserving case (whether the child
concerned is a boy or a girl) should bring it forward for
consideration.
CHAPTER NX.
General Information.
Publications.— The following publications are issued
by the Nigerian Government:—
The Nigeria Gazette, issued every Thursday under the supervision
of the Central Secretary; annual subscription payable to
Government Printer, Lagos, £2.
The Trade Supplement to the Nigeria Gazette, issued on the last
Thursday of every month. Animal subscription payable to
optroller of Customs, Lagos, £1 ; advertisements are
accepted at the discretion of the Comptroller of Customs at
£6 6s. for a full page and £3 3s. for a half p ge for a half year.
The Blue Book, issued annually about July ; price 5s., payable
to Government Printer, Lav
Annual Departmental Reports (Agriculture, Education, Forestry,
Judicial, Marine, Mines, Police. Posts and Telegraphs, Prisons,
Public Works, Surveys, and the Treasury Financial Report) at
various prices; inquiries to be made of Central Secretary,
Lagos
The Staff List, issued annually, for official use only.
Th itical Abstract, issued annually in March or April :
itaining a report on and statistics of the trade of Nigeria:
price £1, payable to Comptroller of Customs, Lagos.
The Tariff of the Nigerian Railway, price 2s. 6d., payable to the
Chief Accountant. Nigerian Railway, Ebute Metta.
Tide Tallies for the Port of Lagos, issued annually ; price Is. 6d.,
payable to the Chief Accountant, Nigerian Marine, Lagos.
There are also available for purchase : —
The Orders in Council. Regulations, Rules, Bye Laws and Notices
under Ordinances of the C ad Protectorate of Nigeria in
force on the 2nd May, 1918, compiled in one volume, by
R. M. Combe, Esq., B.A. (then) Attorney-General. Price 20s..
payable to the Government Printer, Lagos.
Nigeria Law Reports. mes I and IT, price 10s. Gd. each
volume, payable to the Government Printer, Lagos.
The Trade and Customs Laws and Regulations, in one volume1
price 12s. (id., payable to the Comptroller of Customs, Lagos.
. The Reports on the Nigeria Blue Book (Annual) are sold by ITis
London. The latesi issued is that
(Price 3d.)
(121)
122 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The Colonial Office List (Waterlow and Sons, Ltd.,
price 15s.) is issued annually and contains short historical
and statistical information regarding all the Colonies,
including Nigeria.
The following newspapers published in England deal
with subjects affecting West Africa: —
The African World, edited by Leo Weinthal and published every
Saturday at 801, Salisbury House, Loudon Wall, London, E.C. ;
annual subscription, in the United Kingdom, €1 10s. ; abroad
£2, post free.
West Africa, edited by A. Cart-wright and published every
Saturday at Temple Bar House, 28, Fleet Street, London,
E.C. 4 : annual subscription, £1 8s. 6cL, post free.
The following newspapers are published in Nigeria: —
The Nigerian Pioneer, edited by K. A jasa and published in Lagos
every Friday ; annual subscription, 30s. 4d., post free. (26s. in
Lagos).
The Lagos Weekly Record, edited by T. H. Jackson and
published in Lagos every Saturday ; annual subscription, 28s.t
post free. (26s. in Lagos).
The Times of Nigeria, edited by J. Bright Davies, and published
in Lagos every Tuesday ; annual subscription, los. post free.
(13s. in Lagos). f
The Lagos Standard, edited by J. A. White, and published in
Lagos every Wednesday : annual subscription, '27s. 6d. post free.
/// Leisure Hours, published by the local authorities of the
Church Missionary Society in Lagos every month ; annual
subscription, Is ; post free Is. 6d.
The African Il<}>r, edited by the Revd. G\ A. Oko, and published
in LagOS every month ; annual subscription, Is ; post free Is. 6d.
Advertisements are accepted in the Trade Supplement to the
Nigeria Gazette, The African World, West Africa, The Nigerian
Pioneer. The Lagos Weekly Record, The Lagos Standard and The
Times of Nigeria.
Reuters Telegrams, which are received daily in Lagos by cable,
are printed at the Government Press ; animal subscription, payable to
the Government Printer. Lagos, £4.
The Survey Department has surveyed a great deal of
the country and several maps have been published.
Applications for maps should be made to the Surveyor-
General, Lagos. The fees to be charged by the Survey
Department or by licensed surveyors arc Laid down by
Regulations No. 62 of 1018.
No issue since November, 191K
INK NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 123
A Geological Survey of Nigeria has recently been
commenced.
Departmental Information.- The Central Secretary,
Lagos, is the officer through whom the Government
should he addressed on general subjects or on matters
relating to any of the Central Departments.* The
Secretary to the Southern Provinces and Colony, Lagos,
and the Secretary, Northern Provinces, Kaduna, should be
addressed on matters relating to native affairs or to any
of the Departments under their control.
The Audit Department of Nigeria is a branch of the
Colonial Audit Department which, under a Director of
( Colonial Audit, has its headquarters in London (58, Victoria
Street, London, SAY.)
The Marine Department is responsible for the
maintenance of the waterways and the running of the
Government craft. Most of the Executive officers are
members of the Royal Naval Reserve.
There is a Colonial Church in Lagos for the use of
Europeans, the Chaplain of which is paid from Govern-
ment Funds.
The Government Printing Office, Lagos, contains good
modem machinery, worked by electricity from the electric
light and power station.
The Director of Railways and Works advises the
Governor on any public works and railways, and he is
especially responsible for new railway construction in
Nigeria, and exercises a general control over them. The
General Manager of the Nigerian Railway and the
Directors of Public Works, Southern and Northern
Provinces, have the immediate control of their Depart-
ments under him.
Foreign Consul*. — The Consuls of foreign countries
resident in Nigeria are : —
Belgium ... ... ... R. Little.
France ... ... ... E. Deresse.
Cold Storage.— Provisions can be obtained from the
Cold Storage Depots at Lagos, Calabar, Opobo and Port
1 [arcourt .
iy.Au]> I giment, Railway* Colliery, Sui
and l'o<ts and Telegraphs.
124 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Ice is obtainable in Lagos, Oalabar, Opobo, Port
Harcourt, Kaduna and Lokoja.
Hotels. — Accommodation can be obtained at Jones'
Hotel and the Colonial Hotel in Lagos, and there is a
hotel at Kano.
Clubs ami Games. — At Lagos and at several of the
stations in the Northern Provinces Polo is played. Ponies
cost from £8 to £15, and the cost of keeping one should
not exceed £2 a month. Lawn Tennis aud Golf Clubs
exist at most of the large stations. There are very few
grass courts in Nigeria except at Lagos.
Slavery.— In the Colony and in the Southern Provinces
any form of slavery is illegal, but in the Northern
Provinces the position is somewhat different, for although
slave dealing is against the law and the legal status of
slavery is abolished, yet the holding of slaves is not an
offence. The law provides, however, that all persons
born in or brought within the Northern Provinces after
the 31st March, 1901, should be free, it is moreover a
matter of comparative ease for a slave to obtain his
freedom and a large number are annually freed by the
British and Native Courts.
The suppression of slave dealing, with its attendant
horrors, has been rigorously pursued by the Government
and such traffic as now exists is carried out secretly.
This is almost entirely confined to the kidnapping of
children.
In the Nigerian Civil Service, as in the other West
African Colonies, the European and Native staffs are
distinct. Particulars of the European Staff are given in
Chapter XIX. The Native Staff is graded as follows : —
Chief Clerks £ 252 to £300 by £ 1 2 per annum.
Assistant Chief Clerks £162 to £240 by £12 ..
1st Class Ckrks ... £96 to £350* by £6 „
2nd Class Clerks ... £60to £90 by £6 ..
3rd Class Clerks ... £24 to Z54 by £6 ..
There are also certain East and Wesl Indians who
arc engaged on special terms for the subordinate stall.
NIK NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 125
To meet the increased cost of living the Secretary of
State for the Colonies has approved of the payment, as
from the 1st January, 1917, to members of the native
stall of a War Bonus, on the actual salaries drawn by
them, at the following rates:—
Salaries not ex< £152 per annum 20%
Salaries exceeding £152 but not exceeding £210
per annum ... ... ... 15%
Salaries exceeding £210 per annum 12£%
This bonus, which is of a temporary and non-pension-
able character, is payable whether a clerk is on duty or
on leave.
CHAPTER XXI.
Other West African Countries, and Institutions
in England connected with Nigeria.
The other British Dependencies on the West Coast
of Africa are the Gold Coast, Sierra Leone and the
Gambia.*
The Gold Coast, with Ashanti and the protected
Northern Territories, has an area of about 80,000 square
miles and a population o!' about 1| millions. The Revenue
in 1918 was £1,298,674 and the Expenditure £1,309,486;
the public debt at the end of 1918 amounted to £3,100,986.
The annual trade is valued at rather more than £6,000,000.
The chief exports are cocoa, gold, palm kernels and oil,
and kola nuts; the last named is exported largely to
Nigeria. There is a railway from Seccondee (on the
Coast) to Coomassie, the chief town in Ashanti (168 miles,
gauge 3' 6"). There is also a line being constructed from
Accra (the seat of Government, situated on the coast)
which has been completed as far as Tafo (65 miles,
gauge 3' 6"). There are no good harbours.
The Colony and Protectorate of Sierra Leone is
31,000 square miles in extent, and lias a population of
rather less than l-^ millions. The Revenue in 1917 was
£546,449 and the Expenditure £512,844. The public debt
at the end of 1917 amounted to £1,628,265. The annual
trade is valued at about £3,115,000. The principal exports
are palm kernels and oil, benneseed, and ground nuts.
There is a railway from Freetown (the capital) to a
station close to the eastern frontier (227 miles, gauge
2' 6"). Freetown, which is a naval station and has an
Imperial garrison, is situated on the estuary of the Sierra
Leone or Rokeile river and possesses a fine harbour; it is
an important coaling station.
The Colony and Protectorate of The Gambia, which is
a narrow strip of territory lying along both banks of the
River of that name, has an area of about 4,000 square
• See Supplement for names of Governors and chief officials,
C126)
IIJK NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 127
miles and a population of about 152,000. The Revenue in
1910 was £ 103,075 and the Expenditure £83,218. There is
no publie debt. The value of the total trade in 1910 was
£1,590,000, the chief export being ground nuts. The chief
town is Bathurst.
The former German possessions in West Africa were
Togoland and the Cameroons (Kamerun). Both of these
countries have been conquered and divided by the British
and French, and are being governed provisionally by them,
as "occupied territory," the British sphere of Togoland
being administered from the Gold Coast and that of the
Cameroons from Nigeria.
Togoland had an approximate area of 33,000 square
miles and a population of about one million. The capital
was Lome (on the coast), and railways ran from there
inland and along the coast. The chief exports are palm
kernels and palm oil.
The Cameroons had an area of about 191,000 square
miles and a population of about 3£ millions. The chief
town is Duala, but the seat of Government was at Buea
(on the slopes of the Cameroons Mountain). Railways run
from Duala (situated on a navigable river) northwards to
Nkongsamba and eastwards to Kseka. The chief exports
are palm oil and cocoa.
Tiie French possessions in West Africa are more
extensive than those of any other Power, and include
Senegal, French Guinea, the Ivory Coast, Dahomey,
French Congo, and the immense territories of the French
Sudan and Central Africa. The total area of these
countries is probably not much less than two million square
miles. The chief sea coast towns are St. Louis and Dakar
(the Headquarters of the Governor-General of French
West Africa) in Senegal, Konakry in French Guinea, Grand
Bassam on the Ivory Coast, Kotonu in Dahomey, and
Loango in French Congo. The most important inland
town is Timbuktu, which is situated on the Niger. There
are short railways running inland from the coast of
each of these French Colonies, and a line connects the
navigable reaches of the Senegal and Niger.
The Spanish possessions in West Africa include Spanish
Guinea or Rio Muni, and the Island of Fernando Po in the
Gulf of Guinea. The former is of little importance,
128 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
although it has an area of 9,000 square miles. Fernando Po
has an area of about 800 square miles and a population of
30,000. The only town is Santa Isabel on the north coast.
The Portuguese possessions in West Africa include
Portuguese Guinea, Angola, the islands of St. Thomas
and Principe in the Gulf of Guinea and the Gape \ erde
Islands off the west coast of Africa. Angola is 467,000
square miles in extent and has a population of about
2,000,000. The chief town is St. Paulo de Loanda.
The Belgian Congo has an area of about 800,000
square miles and a population of about IT) millions The
chief town is Boma.
Liberia is an independent negro republic, with an
estimated area of about 40,000 square miles, and an
estimated population of two millions. The capital is
Monrovia.
Secretary of State for the Oo/oH/es.-Since 1854 the
affairs of the British Colonies have been in the charge of
a separate Secretary of State, who in the case of most of
the Crown Colonies exercises an absolute control, lbe
following have held this important post within recent
years : —
1895 The Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain. M.P. ,
19U3 The Right Hon. Alfred Lyttelton, K.C., M.P.
1905 The Earl of Elgin and Kincardine, K.G., g.c.s.1., g.c.i.e.
1908 The Earl of Crewe, K.G.
I'M!) The Right Hon. Lewis Harcourt, M.P.
L915 The Right Hon. A. Bonar Law, M.P.
]\m The Right Hon. Walter H. Long, M.P.
L919 The Right Hon. Viscount Milner, P.O., G.C.B., G.C.M.G.
The present Parliamentary Under-Secretary is W. A. S.
Hewins, Esq., M.P., Sir G. V. Fiddes, G.O.M.G., O.B., being
the Permanent Under-Secretary.
Sir H. J. Read, k.c.m.g., c.b., and G. E. A. Grindle, Esq.,
CMG are the Assistant Under Secretaries of State at
present in charge of tin- Grown Colonies Division of he
Colonial Office, the Principal Clerk m charge of the
Nigeria Department being O. Strachey, Esq. A Staff
Officer is attached to the Colonial Office for work in
connection with the affairs of ti» West African Frontier
Force, and a Medical Officer is also seconded in connection
with Medical affairs. The Colonial Office is situated in
Downing Street.
I ill, nk.eiua HANDBOOK. 129
The Grown Agents for the Colonics, 4 Millbank,
London, S. W. 1, act, under the supervision of the Secretary
of State, as commercial and financial agents in the United
Kingdom for the Crown Colonies. All orders for stores
and materials required for the Government of Nigeria
must, by Colonial Regulations, be placed through the
Crown Agents, who also engage certain officers for services
in Nigeria. A charge is made for services rendered to
the Colonies from which the office expenses are defrayed.
The 'present Crown Agents are Major Sir M. A.
Cameron, K.C.M.G., and Sir W. H. Mercer, k.c.m.g.
The Imperial Institute, South Kensington, exists for
the exhibition of the natural products of the Colonies and
for the collection and dissemination of information
relating to them. Nigeria is represented by numerous
exhibits, and a great deal of research work is carried on
in the laboratories of the Institute on behalf of Nigeria.
At the Institute are given the courses in Accounting,
Law, Tropical Hygiene, and Tropical Economic Products
(The Tropical African Services Course) which certain
officers are required to attend.*
The Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew serve to a large
extent as an advanced horticultural school at which
Colonial flora are studied and gardeners are trained for
the Colonial service.
The London School of Tropical Medicine, Oonnaught
Road, Albert Dock, E., and The Liverpool Scliool of
Tropical Medicine were both founded in 1899 to give
instruction to Medical Officers proceeding to the Tropics,
and for research work connected with tropical disease,
hygiene, sanitation, etc.
The Tropical Diseases Bureau, established at the
Imperial Institute, exists for the collection and general
distribution of information with regard to Tropical
diseases.
The Colonial Nursing Association recommends
nurses for service in the Colonies. The office of the
Secretary is at the Imperial Institute.
page 1 1-'.
130 lilK NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
The Royal Colonial Institute. Northumberland
Avenue, London, W.O., provides a place of meeting for
those interested in Colonial affairs. The correspondence
of Fellows may be addressed to the care of the Institute,
and books may be borrowed from the Library which
contains a large number of volumes relating chiefly to the
Colonies. A non-resident Fellow (i.e. one who has his
permanent home outside the United Kingdom) pays an
entrance fee of £1 1>. and an animal subscription of £1
Is., or the subscription can be compounded for by a
payment of CIO. The monthly journal United Empire is
forwarded to all Fellows free of charge. The Honorary
Corresponding Secretaries in Nigeria are:— J. M. M.
Dnnlop. Esq., Lagos; A. R. Canning, Esq., Naraguta;
L. W. La Chard, Esq., and R, <;. S. Miller, Esq.
APPENDICES.
APPENDIX I.
Extract from Census Report of Southern Nigeria,*
19U.
General.
The total population returned for the whole colony
and protectorate of Southern Nigeria was, after adjust-
ment, slightly over seven and three-quarter millions, viz.,
7,858,089.
This total includes 2,116 military and 3,673 shipping
population. As the area over all is 79,880 square miles,
the average density works out at slightly under 100
inhabitants per square mile, viz., 98'37.
Whilst a house-to-house enumeration was made in the
ports and at a number of places up-country, this plan was
not feasible in most of the outside districts, and in such
cases estimates based upon the best available data had to
be prepared by the district commissioners. These esti-
mates were compared at headquarters with calculations
made two or three years ago, and, where doubtful, the
figures were questioned and revised, allowance being made
for the much closer knowledge of some parts of the
country now as compared with the time when the previous
estimates were made, and for alterations in district
boundaries. In only one instance (Lagos District outside
the municipal area) was an original 1911 estimate
increased at the chief census office, but reductions were
made in the cases of Ibadan, Oshogbo, Onitsha, Abakaliki,
Bende and Owerri.
" From a report by C. A. Birtwistle Esq., Sup< rintendent of census
(133)
134
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Races.
Of the grand total referred to above (viz., 7,858,689)
only 2,940 were non-natives of West Africa, this number
comprising 2,354 Europeans (of whom 706 were on ocean
cargo and passenger steamers on census day, the 3rd of
April), 99 Asiatics, and 487 coloured non-West Africans —
chiefly negroes born in the Brazils and West Indies, the
majority of whom were residing in Lagos town.
With reference to the European population, it will be
noted that, after deducting those who were on ocean
boats, the nett number properly engaged in Southern
Nigeria was 1,648 of all classes, this total including those
employed on the local bar and river steamers. The sex
and race classification of the Europeans who were
actually connected with the colony and protectorate in
April, 1911, was as follows: —
Males
Females ...
British
Germans
French
Italians
Austrians . . .
Greeks
Svdss
Dutch
Spaniards ...
Miscellaneous
1 ,526
122
1,383
168
43
19
6
6
<;
■'>
5
7
= 1,648
Exclusive
of
those
on
ocean
1. 1 US j
With the exception of one child and two young
persons, all were adults; G30 of the Europeans were in
the government service, 798 connected with commerce,
191 missionaries, 28 married ladies (exclusive of mis-
sionaries) and 1 child.
Concerning the Asiatics, 4 were adult Chinamen, I
adult male Bast Indians, 1 Caucasian, and 90 Syrians,
tin so latter comprising 53 males and 37 females Amongst
the Syrians were 9 infants, 9 children, 8 young persons,
and (>l adults. With the exception of one Chinaman
employed i-y the Marine department at Calabar, the
whole <>i the working Asiatics were traders,
I in \ I (.1,1:1 \ 11 w DBOOK. I:'-'
Disl ribution.
The tables on page 118 show at a glance the native
population in each of the fifty administrative districts *
of Southern Nigeria, and also the area of each district
and the density of inhabitants per square mile.
It will be seen that the most densely populated
districts are Ikot-Ekpene, Owerri, and Awka, which
average 436, 368, and 371 inhabitants respectively per
square mile. As a striking contrast to these figures
the Oban District shows an average population of under 4
per square mile.
Principal Towns.
All the largest towns of over 50,000 people are in the
Western Province, | Ibadan standing out very promi-
nently with a population of 175,000 (revised and materially
reduced estimate).
Incidentally it may be here remarked that almost
one-half the total population in the Western Province is
registered in the twenty largest towns, viz., Ibadan,
Ogbomosho, Lagos, Iwo, Oshogbo, Abeokuta, Idanre, Oyo,
Ado-Ewi, Akure, Ikerre, Ife, Ikirun, Eft'on, Iseyin, Shaki,
Ede, Ondo, Ijebu-Ode, and Ila. These towns together
total to 967,000 and are equal to 15 per cent, of the
population of the whole province.
In the rest of the country the proportion of very
large towns of 20,000 and over is not nearly so pronounced.
At the same time, the 40 largest towns are returned as
having a population of about 750,000 between them. It is
of interest to note that in the Ikot-Ekpene District,
where the population is denser than in any other district
in the colony and protectorate, no fewer than 290 towns
and villages are returned to make up the total population
of 193,796, this equalling an average of 685 per township.
The districts have since be< n re-arranged.
t Corresponding roughly to the present Colony and the Provinces of Abeokuta
0)0 and Undo
136
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Tribes and Languages.
A summary of the various tribes and languages in
each province shows that the predominant tribes are the
Ibos and the Yorubas, who together, and allowing for
minor branches of the former tribe described separately
in the summary, account for about two-thirds of the total
population in the whole colony and protectorate. Roughly
speaking, it may be said that of the 7f millions inhabitants
of Southern Nigeria 3 millions are Ibos and 2 millions
Yorubas, this proportion also approximately representing
the number speaking the respective languages Ibo and
Yoruba or dialects of them.
Next in numerical order
already referred to come : —
to the two main tribes
Ibibios
.. 210.000
Efiks ...
62,000
Ikwes
30,000
Sobos
.. 21)0.000
Okpotos
60,1 00
Igaras
20.000
Ezzas
.. 18U 000
Ekets ...
60,000
Abuas
20,000
Ezzis
.. 140,000
]<"S ...
56,000
. Yalas
26,000
Ananga
.. 119,300
Ikonors ...
51 u M H 1
Etchia
25,000
Ishans
.. 114,000
Kukurukus
50,000
Orons
25,000
Munshis
.. 97,000
Ngbos ...
50,000
Ekois
24,000
Kwales
.. 07.00!)
• ' kris ...
35,000
Akons
22,000
[jaws
.. 93,000
Nsokpongs
33,000
Yakoras
22,000
Kwaa
... ODM'! 1
Ekpaffiaa
33,000
Aboa
21.000
Ogonis
... 78,000
Okobos ...
32,000
New Calabars
20.000
P>inis
... 75,000
Ogbayons
31,0i
Ikas
74.0DH
BoklS ...
31 ,1
and a large number of minor tribes.
Tliere is a very marked difference between the general
conditions in the Western Province, where for all
practical purposes only one language (Yoruba) is spoken,
and the rest of the country where there aiv an extra-
ordinary number of different peoples and tongues. Accord-
ing to the returns received there are, outside of the
Western Province, no fewer than 105 tribes and 75
languages. Doubtless several of the tribes and languages
in both provinces are offshoots or dialects, but, even allow-
ing \'ov this, it would appear that there was a remarkable
THE NIGERIA ll WDIioou. L37
diversity, and the difficulties of administering tracts ol*
country where so many different languages are spoken
must be very much greater than is experienced in this
respect in the Western Province.
Sex,
From tb« percentages rendered by the district
commissioners, it is to be noted that there is on the
average a preponderance of females in the colony and
protectorate, the ratio over all being 46 per cent, males
and 54 per cent, females, or, say, roughly, 9 males to 11
females. In referring to these particular statistics, it
should be pointed out that the percentages are in many
instances based upon estimates made by the officers
up-country and not, as a general rule, upon actual house-
to-house counting. At the same time it is to be observed
that the sex returns of the officers concerned are, with a
few exceptions, not very dissimilar.
Taking the ports alone, it is found, not unnaturally,
that the proportion of males and females are reversed, the
former being in a pronounced majority. Thus, in the
eleven principal ports, where an actual house-to-house
enumeration was made, we find that there were 57*6 per
cent, males and 42*4 per cent, females. This difference
between the average for the whole of the colony and
protectorate and the ports alone may be accounted for by
the large numbers of Kroo and other labourers employed
on the seaboard by the merchants, steamship owners, and
government departments, and also, especially in Lagos, by
a very considerable number of up-country male traders
in the towns unaccompanied by their wives.
Religion.
Excepting in the ports, no attempt was made to
schedule the religious beliefs of the natives. Although
there are very appreciable numbers of Mohammedans,
especially in the Western Province—as witness 19 per
cent, of the total inhabitants of Lagos town-- and a large
number of Christians, there is little doubt as to the pagan
population in the whole of the colony and protectorate
exceeding three-quarters of the total,
138
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
NATIVE POPULATION
Province.
District
Population.
Area in
square miles.
Average
density per
square mile.
Badagri
91,113
1,167
7807
Egba
264,723
1,869
141-03
Epe
45,255
1,720
20-31
Ibadau
311,875
3,192
10710
Ijebu-Ode
131,32(3
1 ,407
89-52
Western ... (
Ikorodu
75,73-1
572
132-40
Ilesha
339,289
114-40
Lagos
102,190
547
180-82
Meko
6,959
1,390
500
Ondo
L64,
3,121
52-72
Osbogbo (Sub District)
370,878
14,4-42
Oyo
217,o83
27-11
[
Total '
Abo
2,151,483
28,600
75-23
101,647
1,584
04- i 7
Agbor
74,997
405
161-28
Asaba
200,262
822
243*63
Awka
252,057
678
371-77
Benin
84,340
3,752
22-48
Forcados
37,179
925
40-18
Idab
49,259
1,727
28*62
Central ... /
Ifon
78,680
1,701
4468
i
Ishan
125,340
1,629
70-94
Kwale
135,000
657
205-48
Onitsha
399,916
1,441
277-53
Okwoga
183,359
2,570
71-18
Sapele
85,654
• 1,840
46 "55
Uili
458,368
1,537
298-22
\
Warri
141,614
1,276
110-98
Total
Aba
2,4,07,004
22,670
106-20
157,641
827
190-61
Abak
27.27..
203
103-70
Abakabki
399,
1 771
17
Aflkpo
181,012
156-61
Ahoada
98,339
697
14108
Aro-Chuku
18,088
421
42-90
Bende
349,997
334 92
Bonny ...
1 !,-
301
4740
Brass
90,171
3,79(1
2379
Calabar ..
67,5 I 1
1.217
Eastern
ema
Eket [\[
127,237
183,987
690
2660 I
Ikoni
.172
1,770
38-38
Ikot-Ekpene
198,787
455
436
Itu (Sub District)
27,311
la l
220-49
.a ;;;
1,710
341
Obubra
96,168
960
10017
Obudu
84,601
3,211
26-30
Ogoja
230,572
2,430
94-88
Ukigwi ...
123,594
919
13448
Ooobo
199,432
945
211 03
Owerri
399,8
1,085
Z
MOO
2s 1
Ekl
,602
-.610
115-22
Total of three pr »\ incea
7,86
980
B8-34
i . 1 1 • •
• In Wdi "' Southern Nigeria thas< figures include other Wast
I III. \ KiKlU \ II \M>li()()|v .
139
TOTAL ENCLi SIVE P0P1 LATION.
kttVI - of
Wesl Africa.
Europeans.
(Exclusn e of
those on o
Bteami i
Europeans on
ocean steamers.
other non-WeBl
Africans.
\si:|'
7,855,749
1,648
706
99
i
7,858.689
Lagos Municipal Area.H:
The Lagos municipal area comprises the island of
Lagos, Iddo Island, Ebute-Metta and Apapa on tlie main-
Land, and Victoria (the beach). Including the outskirts
within the municipal boundary, the total area may be
stated as approximately 18 square miles. Omitting the
outskirts, the extent of the towns proper is about 2 square
miles.
The total population registered for the whole area
(including 1,067 shipping and 451 military population) was
73,766, made up as follows : —
Census Division.
Total
population
all classes.
Natives of
West Africa.
Europeans.
Asiatics.
Other
non-West
Africans.
Lagos town west -r>
of McGregor > q
canal. -q
16,927
15,665
14,644
9,417
16,753
15,640
14,310
9.200
116
8
120
101
27
10
5
31
7
209
116
Total, Lagos town...
Ikoyi road, barracks and
Ikoyi...
Beach and beach road ...
Iddo Island
Apapa waterside
Do. outskirts ...
Ebute-Metta and Yaba...
Outskirts Ebute-Metta...
Steamers in harbour!" ...
Steamers in roads
Canoes and lagoonside...
56,653
1,749
793
456
533
398
9.129
1,629
91 2
155
1.359
55,903
1,744
782
451
510
398
9.015
1,629
802
110
1,359
345
"*8
i
23
*73
i'io
45
42
"l
363
5
O
1
"40
73,71 >6
72,703
JG08
43
112
* Now the Township of Lagos.
f Including one ocean cargo boat. $ 72 Europeans on ocean boat*
1 10 Till; NIGERIA II \M>liOOK.
The numbers shown above were, of course, those
actually registered on the schedules, which, in the majority
of cases were filled in by enumerators on behalf of
illiterate people, ninny of whom were unduly suspicious.
It is not improbable that an appreciable number of such
persons were omitted from the declarations made by the
heads of the families, who, notwithstanding the official
assurances given to the contrary, could not disassociate
the idea of subsequent taxation from the census.
Mention should also be made of the fact that the
market people were away at Ejinrin on April 3n\, and
consequently they were not included in the total. The
number of these particular Lagos traders, according to a
count made at the market by the district commissioner of
Epe, may be stated as about 1,100 (say 100 men, 700
women, 300 young persons and children). As a set-off
against these absentees, however, there were a larger
number of up-country caravan traders in town at the
time the census was taken than was the ease in the later
months of the year.
It is of interest to recall here the figures of the 1901
census of Lagos and Khnte-.vletta, when the total
population then registered was 41,847 only. Allowing for
the extension of the 1011 census area, as now included
within the municipal boundary, but which was not taken
at the 1001 census, ii may be stated that the increase of
population in Lagos and Ebute-Metta during the last ten
\ .nis has been about 70 per cent.
Races.
It will be noted from the preceding (able that only
1,003 persons were non-natives of West Africa, viz. :—
iins Europeans, including 7:? on ocean boats and 83 on local craft,
13 Asiatics, and
U2 other non-West Africans (coloured peoples chiefly
" Brazilians ") and West Indians.
The Europeans comprised :—
tsi British, including 55 on ocean boats,
7;> Germans, including D on ocean boats,
21 French,
.'» Spaniards.
I Swiss.
1 Austrian*.
3 Italian-.
2 Greeks, and
\l Miscellaneous (Swedes, Finns, etc.) on ocean boats,
Ill I . NIGERIA HANDBOOK. Ill
Of the Asiatics, :>6 were Syrians, 3 Chinese, and I
Kast Indians.
Attention may be drawn to the fact that the total
European population in Lagos and Ebute-Metta ten years
ago was only 233.
Tribes,
Almost one -fifth of the entire West African population
in Lagos and Ebute-Metta was com posed of non-natives
of the Western (Lagos) Province, viz., 13,712 in all. Of
this total only 1,364 were natives of the Central and
Eastern Provinces, as under :—
Jekris ... 297
[bos 264
[jaws 264
Binis L95
Efiks [63
Sobos 96
.Miscellaneous ... ... ... 85
1,364
Natives of other West African colonies and protecto-
rates in Lagos on April 3rd totalled to 12,318, and
comprised the following : -
Iluusas ... ... ... ... ... 3,533
Kroos ... ... ... ... ... 2,574
IUorins ... 1,994
Sierra Leonians... ... ... ... 94U
Nupes 877
Porto Noviaus 837
Popos ... ... ... ... ... 056
Gold Coast (534
Liberians ... ... ... ... 106
.Miscellaneous ... ... ... ... Il>7
12,348
■ —mi— ,fc-— i
1 1 will he observed that the llausas, Nupes, and
liloriiis from Northern Nigeria number together 6,101, and
that there is an appreciable Kroo population in Lagos.
A large proportion of the natives from Northern Nigeria
were, of course, caravan traders, and the male working
Kroos are engaged at the port as trading factory labourers
ui ships' boys, etc., usual!; on a 12 or 15 months' agreement.
142 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Sex.
Taking the whole of the population, 39,807) mules and
33,901 females were scheduled, equal to 54 per cent, and
46 per cent, respectively, or, say, roughly, 11 males to 9
females. As pointed out under this head in the general
report on the census of the whole colony and protec-
torate, where the above proportions were reversed (viz.,
4G per cent, males and 54 per cent, females), there was a
large number of caravan traders, and also a very
considerable number of Kroo and other labourers and
ships' boys in the town, unaccompanied by their wives,
when the census was taken, and this position may be
considered a normal one. Not very dissimilar returns
were rendered at the ten other ports of Southern Nigeria,
the average over all running 57*0 per cent, males and 42*4
per cent, females.
Of the Europeans in the Lagos municipal area, 572
were males (including 72 on ocean boats) and 36 females.
The Asiatics consisted of 29 males and 14 females.
Degree of Education.
This part of the census was confined simply to
ascertaining the number of people who could read, or
read and write. Of the total population of 73,766, about
one-sixth of the whole are scheduled as being able to
read, or read and write, the separate figures being: —
2,528 can read only.
9 602 can read and write.
12,130=16^ per cent.
It is interesting to note here that at the 1901 census
the proportion was only about 10 per cent.
It vvas surprising to find so manj people described as
being able to read only, and on inquiries being made from
educated natives in a position to judge with regard to
this curious point, it was slated that there are un-
doubtedly a considerable number of persona in Lagos and
Ebute-Metta who can read but not write, and t hat the
total shown was probably correct,
THE v [GER] \ ll WDHOOK. I !. '
Religion.
The number of persons described on the schedules as
Christian was 21,155 (including 1,295 infants), as compared
with 10,636 at the 1901 census.
The Mohammedans registered 36,018 (including 2,701
infants), as against 22,080 ten years ago.
With isolated exceptions the remaining 16,000 odd
persons in Lagos and tfbute-Metta may be considered
pagans, as compared with 9,000 in 1901.
The proportions of Christians, Mohammedans and
pagans to the total population as declared in 1901 and
1911 were as follows:—
1901. 1911.
Christians ... ... 2;") per cent. 29 per cent.
Mohammedans ... ... lV> per cent. t9 per cent.
Pagans ... ... ... 22 per cent, 22 per cent.
Occupation.
Apart from the steps taken to ascertain the total
number of inhabitants, more time has been spent in
connexion with the analysis of trades and occupations
than with any other feature of the local census.
So far as the Europeans are concerned the returns
were accepted as correct, but with regard to the natives
doubts exist as to the accuracy of many of the items.
It was thought desirable, as a partial check, to obtain
from the Government departments the number of
what may be termed skilled workmen employed by
Government within the municipal area (including the
railway and harbour works). There are, of course, a
very considerable number of persons employed by the
building contractors and others in Lagos, but it is found
difficult to reconcile the total of 1,552 carpenters, lor
example, with the 608 known to be employed by Govern-
ment. And there are other instances where it is felt
that these particular returns scarcely carry conviction.
144 THE NIGER] \ HANDBOOK.
An astonishing number oi' persons described them-
selves as "traders," viz., 21,293 in all. At a first glance
this seems almost impossible in view of the total population
of 73,766, but it should be remembered that only a very
small proportion of women in this country confine their
work to household duties, and that probably .seven-eighths
ol* the adult female population have some other occupation
(chiefly trading) by which they are doubtless described
on the schedules. Then again, young persons, and, indeed,
young children, are employed at the markets and as
street hawkers, and it is no uncommon sight to see little
boys and girls well under ten years of age hawking
foodstuffs or cheap imported goods. Concerning the large
number of traders scheduled this year, it may be noted
that no fewer than 15,687 were so described at the 1901
census when the total population was only about three-
fifths that of to-dav.
APPENDIX II.
Table of Governors, High Commissioners, &c.
GOVERNORS OF THE SETTLEMENT OF Lagos
L862 Governor
1863 Lieut. -Governor
ISC, I Do
H. S. Freeman.
Captain W. R. MULLINER.
John II. Glover, r.n.
Administrators of the Settlement of Lagos under the
Commission of the 19th February, 1st;:; (subject to the
Governor or the West African Settlement residing
at Sierra Leone).
1866 Administrator ...
1866 Do
1*<(» Acting Administrator
1870 Administrator ...
1*70 Acting Administrator
1871 Do
1*72 Do
1*7.! Administrator ...
1*78 Acting Administrator
1873 Administrator ...
1*74 Acting Administrator
Rear Admiral C. G. E. Pah: v.
John H. Glover, r.n.
H. T. Miles Cooper.
John H. Glover, r.n
W. H. Simpson.
J. Gerard.
Henry Fowler.
George Berkley.
C. C. Lees.
( 'apt. G. C. Strahan, r.a.
John Shaw.
Lieutenant-Governor administering the Government of Lagos
under nil-: Letters Patent of 24th July, 1874 (subject to
the Governor of the Gold Coast Colony).
1 *74 Lieutenant-Governor
l*7o Acting Administrator
1*7* Do
1*7* Do
1*7* Do
1880 Lieut. -Governor
1**D Acting Administrator
C. C. Lees.
.John D'A. Dumaresq.
F. Simpson, m.b.
Malcolm J. Brown.
C. A. Moloney.
W. Brandford Griffith, c.m.g,
C. D. TURTON.
Deputy Governors of Lagos under Letters Patent
of 22 so January, 1883.
... ('.Alfred Moloney, c.m.g.
... Fred Evans, c.M.g.
... W. Brandford Griffith, c.m.g
... Comr. R. Murray Rumsey.
... Capt. R. Knapp Barrow, c.m.g.
... C.Pike.
1883
Deputv Governor
1 883
Do.
1883
Do.
1**4
Do.
1**4
Do.
1885
Do.
(145)
146 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK,
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APPENDIX III.
Statistics of Nigerian Trade from 1900 to 1918.
A. Summary of the trade of Nigeria. *
B. Quantity and value of principal Imports.
C. „ „ „ Exports.
D. Value of Import and Export trade with principal
countries.
E. Percentage of Imports from and Exports to the
United Kingdom and Germany respectively.
(149)
150
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
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APPENDIX IV.
1. Names and addresses of European Firms.
2. European dealers in certain classes of imports
3. Native dealers in certain classes of imports.
4. European dealers in certain classes of exports.
5. Native dealers in certain classes of exports.
G. Svrian Merchants.
(jr»-i)
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
165
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
EUROPEAN FIRMS.
Mame of Firm.
African
Ltd.
Association,
British Addresses.
African Oil .Nuts Co.,
Ltd.
African Traders Co.,
Ltd.
Ambrosini, L.
* Anglo-Colonial Tra-
ding Corporation,
Ltd.
Anglo-French Tim-
ber Co.
Ashton, Kinder & Co.,
Ltd.
Behrens, S. L., & Co.
Blackstock & Co., Ltd
British-American
Tobacco Co.
Royal Liver Building,
Liverpool, & Bridg-
water House, 60,
Whitworth Street,
Manchester..
Central House, Kings-
way, London.
62-63, Queen Street,
London, E.C.
Tower Buildings,
Liverpool.
7, Gracechurch Street
London.
15, Victoria Street.
London, S.W.
59, High Street,
Manchester.
16, Oxford Street,
Manchester.
82, Princess Street,
Manchester.
Westminster House, 7
Millbank, London,
S.W.
Local Branches.
Aba, Abeokuta, Adun,
Awa, Bakana, Bonny,
Brass, Buguma,
Calabar, Degema,
Eket, Ikom, Imo, Itu,
Kano, Lagos, Opobo,
Oshogbo, Oron, Ozua-
koli, Port Harcourt,
Sapele, Siluko, Umu-
shia, Warri, Zaria.
Kano, Lagos, Opobo,
Aba, Abonnema,
Azumini, Bonny,
Calabar, Essene,
Forcados, Imo,
Okrika, Opobo, Oron,
Ozuakoli, Port Har-
court, Umuohia,
Urata, Warri.
Jega, Jos, Kano,
Lagos, Maiduguri,
Rahama, Sokoto,
Zaria.
Lagos.
Oron .
Abeokuta,
Lagos.
Lagos.
Lagos.
Ibadan,
Bonny, Calabar, Dege-
ma, Forcados, Lagos,
Lokoja, Opobo, Port
Harcourt.
Formerly A. M. Tetit & Co., Ltd.
166
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
EUROPEAN FIRMS— continued.
Name or Firm.
British Addresses.
Local Branches.
British Colonial
Benabu & Co.
Lagos. Warri.
Trading Co.
9, Fenchuroh Street,
London. E.C., 3.
British Cotton Grow-
15, Cross Street,
Abuja, Adio, Badeggi,
ing Association.
Manchester.
Bode-Sadu, Ede,
Eruwa Road, Ibadan.
Ibi, Ikirun, Ileigbo,
Ilorin, llugun, Iwo,
Kateregi, Jebba,
Lafenwa, Lalupon,
Lokoja, Meko, Odo
Oba. Offa, Ogunshileb.
Olodo. Oshogbo, Oyo,
Wuya, Zaria, Zun-
geru.
British Nigerian Co.,
West Africa House,
Abeokuta, Adio,
Ltd.
Water Street,
Agbado, Agbesi, Ede,
Liverpool.
Eruwa Road, Ibadan
Town, Ibara, Ikirun.
Ijoko. Iwo, Itori,
Lagos, Lalupon,
Ogunshileb, Okuku,
Olodo, Olomu, Opeji,
Oshogbo, Owowo,
Sanusi, Wasimi.
British Transport Co.
—
Calabar. Itu.
British West African
Koko.
Timber Company.
Calabar Stores.
Anglo-African Supply
Co., Ltd., 69 George
Street, Manchester.
Calabar. Itu.
Christian, G. W., <y
Corinthian Buildings.
Burutu. Forcados.
Co., Ltd.
16, South Castle
Idah. [llushi, Lokoja.
Street, Liverpool.
Onitsha.
Church Missionary
Salisbury Square,
Abeokuta. Benin City,
Society Bookshop.
London.
Ebute Metta, lb tdan,
Ijebu-Ode. Ilesha,
Lagos, Oshogbo,
Sagamu,
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
167
BRITISB ADDRESSES AX1) LOCAL BRANCHES OF
BOPEAIS FIRMS— continued.
Name of Firm.
Untisn Addresses.
Cik Francaise DB
L'Al RIQUE OCCIDEN-
TAL!:.
Colonial Building I •
Co-OpERATIYE WhOLE-
sale Society, Ltd.
Company of African
Merchants, Ltd.
Cbombie, Steedman &
Co.
Denson & Co.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Faibley, J. D., Ltd.
Fischer, J. J., Ltd.
Goat & Sheepskin-
Import Co.. Ltd.
GOMERSALL & Co.
GOTTSCHALCK, G., & Co.
Grace Brothers & Co.,
Ltd.
Royal Liver Buildi]
Liverpool, and 7 .'3.
Whitworth 81
Queen
I
Lo E.C.
1, Balloon Street,
Manchester.
India Buildings,
Fenwick Court,
Liverpool.
Thames House, Queen
reet Place,
London, E.C.
14, Dale Street,
Liverpool.
10-12, Eastcheap,
London, E.C.
11, Albert Square,
Manchester.
11, Rumford Street,
Liverpool.
27, Thomas Street,
London, E.C.
1, 2, 3, Great St.,
Thomas Apostle,
London, E.C.
86. Major Street,
Manchester, and 34.
■.hall Hill, Bir-
mingham.
144, Leadenhall St.,
London, E.C, and
The Albany. Old Hall
Street, Liverpool.
Local Branches.
Aba, Abeokuta, Ibara,
Kano, Lagos, Ozua-
koli, Port Harcourt,
Umuohia, Zaria.
Lagos.
Lagos.
Abonnema, Brass,
Buguma, Opobo,
Ozuakoli, Port Har-
court, Umuohia.
Lagos.
Lagos.
Agege, Ibadan, Lagos,
Sapele, AVarri.
L i^os, Lokoja.
Lagos.
Kano.
Jega, Kano.
Ibadan, Kano, Lafen-
wa, Lagos.
Lagos.
168
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
EUROPEAN FIRMS— continued.
Name of Firm.
Greene, H. E. B., &
Co.
Hassan, R., & Co.
Hendersons (Manches-
ter), Ltd.
John Holt & Co.
(Liverpool), Ltd.
British Addresses.
Holt Brothers & Co
Hope-Waddell Ins-
titute.
Horsfield, J. J., & Co.
Local Branches.
Knight
Liverpool.
Street, Lagos.
74, Princess Street,
Manchester.
Royal Liver Building.
Liverpool.
Kano, Lokoja, Onitsha.
Zaria.
Lagos, Kano.
Aba, Abeokuta, Abinsr
Adio, Agberi, Agbesi,
Agenebode, Alagada.
Ajokuta, Amagaddi,
Asaba, Assay, Ashaka,
Atani, Badeggi, Ban-
sara, Baro, Brass,
Calabar, Donga,
Ebocha, Ebu, Ediba,
Enyama, Frukama,
Gerinya, Giddi,
Ibadan, Ibaro, Ibi,
Idah, Ijoko, Ikirun,
Ikom, Ileigbo, Illushi,
Ilorin, Iselegu, Itobe,
Itori, Iwo, Jos, Kano,
Kateregi. Katcha.
Krigeni, Lagos, Loko,
Lokoja, Minna,
Oguta, Ogrugru, Ojo,
Okpari. Okpoha,
Omerun. Onitsha.
Oshogbo, Ozuakoli,
Patani,
Port
Harcourt,
Takum.
Umuohia.
Warrij
Zaria.
Roval Liver Building. Bansara, Calabar.
Liverpool. Ediba. Jkom, Okpoha.
121, George Street, Calabar.
Edindurgh.
81. Peter Street, Lagos.
Manchester.
Hutchinson, C. F., & 4. Aytoun Street, Lagos.
Co. Manchester.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
l(i!>
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
EUROPEAN FIRMS— continued.
Name of Firm.
Jurgens Colonial
Products, Ltd.
Kelsey, L.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
Bntibti Addresses.
Local Branches.
74, Coleman Street. I Kano, Lagos.
London, E.C., 2.
23, Road Lane.
London, EjD.
West Africa House,
Water Street,
Liverpool.
London &
Trading Co.
Lowell, W
Kano
Cunard Buildings,
Liverpool, & 16, St.
Helen's Place,
London, E.C.
McIver, W. B., & Co., 101, Royal Liver
Ltd. Building, Liverpool.
Matheson, A.
Mathey, Leon.
McNeil. Scott & Co.
Inshes, Inverness.
Royal Liver Building,
Liverpool.
Lagos.
Abeokuta, Adio, Akure,
Alagada, Badeggi,
Ede. Eruwa Road,
Ibadan, Ijo, Ikirun,
Ileigbo, Ilorin, Itori.
Iwo, Jos, Kano,
Lagos, Lalupon,
Minna, Offa, Okrika,
Olomu, Oshogbo, Oyo,
Zaria.
Hadeija, Kano,
Katsena, Lagos,
Sokoto, Zaria.
Jos, Onitsha.
Abeokuta, Agbado,
Alagada, Badagri,
Ede, Ibadan, Ho,
Ikirun, Itori, Kano,
Koko, Lafenwa,
Lagos, Lalupon.
Olodo, Opobo, Osho-
gbo, Ozuakoli, Port
Harcourt, Sapele,
Umuohia, Warri,
Zaria.
Lagos.
Kano.
Gbekebo, Koko Town,
Sanubi, Sapelo,
Siluko.
170
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
EUROPEAN FIRMS— continm
Name of Firm.
Miller Brothers (of
Liverpool), Ltd.
British Addresses.
Local Branches.
21 j Water Street, Aba, Abeokuta, Abon-
Liverpool. nema, Adio, Ahm-
Atam, Agbado,
Badagry, Bakana,
Bansara, Benin City,
Calabar, Creek Town,
Ede, Ibadan, Ikirun,
Imo River, itu, Koko
Town, Lagos, Okrika,
Olomu, Opobo, Oron,
Oshogbo, Ozizza .
Ozuakoli, Port
liarcourt, Sapele,
Siluko, Umuahia,
Warrij Wasimi.
Nathan, 31., cv Co.
Niger Company, Ltd.
64, Faulkner Street,
Manchester.
Surrey House, Victoria
Embankment, Lon-
don, W.C.. and 26.
Preeson's Row.
Liverpool.
Lagos
Abinsi, Abo,
Agenebode,
Ajokuta,
Allabetta,
Amegeddi,
Ashaka,
Badeggi,
Bakundi
Abutslii,
Agoleri,
-tX-KclSSO, ■ y
Amaru,
Asaba,
Atani,
Bagana.
Baro, Bari-
juko, Bauclii, Bida,
Bode-Sadu, Bokani,
Bukuru, Burutu,
Donga. Ebba, Effe-
teh, Egbaji, Egbom,
Egori, Ekow.
Kvorogbo, Faiki, For-
cados, Gana-Gana,
Garua^ Gerinya,
Giddi. Gimmi, Gri-
giani3 Ibi, Idah,
Illah, Ilorin,
lndan-AVada,
ltobi, Jebba,
remaa, Kaduna,
Kano, Katcha, Kat-
sona-Allah, Keffi,
IgbukUj
lllushi,
gu3
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
171
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
E l' R > >P E A N FIRMS— continued.
Name of Firm.
British Addresses.
Niger Company, Ltd.
(contd).
The Niger Delta
Palm Nut Cracking
Company.
Nigerian Dry Dock &
Engineering Co.
Nigerian Cold Stor-
age Co., Ltd.
Nigerian Proprietary
Co.
Nigerian Tin Mines
Development Co.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co.,
Ltd.
Colonial House, Water
Street, Liverpool,
and St. Mary Axe,
London, E.C.
Royal Liver Building,
Liverpool.
Overmann & Co.
3, Albert Street.
Manchester.
38, Cooper Street,
Manchester.
Local Branches.
Kogin-Sar-Pawa, Kri-
geni, Lagos, Lah, Lau.
Leaba, Loko, Lokoja,
Maidobi, Minna,
Mozum, Nafada,
Naraguta, Newegi,
Nunian, Maidugun,
Munankor,
Oguta,
Oborotto,
Omoku,
Osudji, Port
court, Rabba,
Ogudu,
Ogrugru
Omerun,
Onitsha.
Har-
Riga-
Chikun, Rutu,
Owerri, Rahama.
Sabagreia, Shonga,
Soba, Takum. Tunga,
Ubiaji, Umaisha,
Yewuni, Yola, Zaria,
Zungeru.
Yenogoa.
Lagos.
Calabar, Lagos. Opobo,
Port Harcourt.
Uwet.
Uwet.
Aba. Abeokuta, Bada-
gri, Ibadan, Ilorin,
Jos, Kano, Lagos,
Oshogbo, Oyo, Port
Harcourt, Umuohia,
Ozuakoli, Zaria.
Lagos.
172
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
EUROPEAN FIRMS— continued.
Name of Firm.
British Addresses.
Local Branches.
Paterson Zochonis &
42, Whitworth Street,
Abeokuta, Adio, Ali-
Co., Ltd.
Manchester, and 11.
gada, Atimbo, Bode-
Rumford Street,
Sadu, Calabar, Ede,
Liverpool.
Eruwa-Road, Esuk-
Mba, Ibadan, Ibaro,
Ijoko, Ikirun, Ikpa,
Ilorin, Itori, I wo,
Jos, Kano, Lagos,
Lalupon, Maiduguri,
Off a, Olodo, Olomu,
Owowo, Oshogbo,
Soba, Zaria.
Pickering <fc Berthoud,
42, Sackville Street,
Abeokuta, Lagos.
Ltd.
Manchester, and
Tower Building,
"Water Street,
Liverpool.
.
Pinnock, Ltd.
659, Royal Liver
Building, Liverpool.
Sapele, Warri.
Albert Rhodes & Co.
29, Minshull Street,
Manchester.
Lagos.
Radcliffe, J.
—
Lagos.
Rider, H. T.
Tower Buildings,
Liverpool.
Lagos.
Russell, H. B. TV., <_y
67, Dale Street,
Aba, Adio, Agege,
Co., Ltd.
Liverpool.
Ibadan, I wo, Kano,
Lalupon, Lagos, Port
Harcourt, Okopedi,
Olodo, Oshogbo,
Ozuakoli, Umuohia.
Rylands & Sons, Lto.
New High Street,
Manchester; ob.
Wood Street.
London, E.C. ; and
2-10, Lime Street,
Liverpool.
Lagos.
Sapele Stores.
Anglo-African Supply
Co., Ltd., 69,
George Street,
Sapele.
Ma nchester.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK,
173
BRITISH ADDRESSES AND LOCAL BRANCHES OF
EUROPEAN FIRMS— continued.
Name of Firm.
Southern Nigeria
Trading Co., Ltd.
Speed, E. J.
Stein, E. H., & Co.
Stuart- Young, J. M.
Syndicat D' Etudes
des Bois Equato-
RIAUX.
Tin Areas of Nigeria.
Ltd.
Van Laun & Co.
YValkden, John, & Co.
Ltd.
Warri Stores.
Welsh (Thomas) & Co.
White Brothers.
British Addresses.
7, Rumford Street,
Liverpool.
1-4, Gilfcspur Street,
London, E.C.
Blomfield House,
London Wall,
London, E.C.
80, .Princess Street,
Manchester.
Anglo-African Supply
Co., Ltd., 69.
George Street,
Manchester.
Colonial House, Watei
Street, Liverpool.
Local Branches.
Port Harcourt.
Kano.
Lagos.
Awka, Onitsha.
Oron.
Abeokuta, Baro, Ebba,
Faiki, Gimmi, Ibadan,
Ibi, Jos/ Kano,
Kateregi, Katcha,
Lagos, Lokoja, Mai-
dobi, Minna, Zaria
Lagos.
Abeokuta, Ibadan.
Ilorin, Kano, Lagos,
Lokoja, Zaria.
Warri.
Abonnema, Assay,
Atani, Onitsha.
Kano.
Lloyd's Agents.
Lagos ...
... R. Little.
Calabar
... G. S. Redfern
Bonny ...
... H. P. Domleo
174
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
IMPORTERS-^Europeans,
Boats, etc.
Elder Dempster & Co., Ltd.
Bolt, .John, & Co. (Liverpool).
Ltd.
Madver, \\\ B., & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool).
Ltd.
Niger Com p an y , Ltd .
Brushes and Fancy Goods.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
Ambrosini, L.
Anglo-Colonial Trading Corpo-
ration, Ltd.
Ashton, Kinder & Co., Ltd.
Blackstock & Co.. Ltd.
Brass Trading Company, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co,
C ilabar Stores.
Christian, G. W. & Co., Ltd.
Cie Francaiso I).1 L'Afrique
Occidentalo.
Company of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Crombie, Steedman & Co.
Denson & Co.
Dyer ft Wintle, Ltd.
Fairley, J. D., Ltd.
Gottschalck, G., & Co.
Molt Brothers & Co.
Elolt, John, & Co. (Liverpool).
Ltd.
FTorsfield, J. •). & Co.
Hutchinson, C. F., & Co.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London & Kano Trading
Company, Ltd.
MacTver, W. B. & Co., Ltd.
McNeil. Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Nathan, M., & Co.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant. G. B., & Co., Ltd.
(Hermann & Co.
Paterson Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
I'innock. Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
Rhodes. Albert, A; Co.
Russell, 11. B. W. & Co., Ltd.
Rylands & Sons., Ltd.
Saoele Stores.
Stein, E. H., & Co.
Stuart-Young, J. M.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Walkden, John, & Co., Ltd.
Warri Stores.
Welsh, Thomas, & Co.
Builders' Materials and Supplies.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Colonial Building Co.
ComDany of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Crombie, Steedman & Co.
Fairlev, J. !>., Ltd.
Gottschalck, G.. & Co.
Greene, B. E. B., & Co.
Holt, John, & ( 1i ( Liverpn 1 1,
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Bro-.lccts. Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
McNeil. Scott cV Co., LL,d.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Pal irson Zochonis A* Co., Lid.
Radcliffe, J.
Russell, H. B. W., & Co.. Ltd.
Rvlands & Sons, Ltd.
Walkden, John, & Co., Ltd.
Chemists' and "Druggists' Goods,
Disinfectants, etc.
Africa?) Association. Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Calabar Stores.
Cie Francaise De L'Afri'jue
Occidentale.
Company of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
For addresses »l Irn bo 17.'!.
tin: m<.; i:ia 11 UTOBOOK. 1T5
opeans — continued.
London & ELano Trading
Company, Ltd.
McNeil, - , Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
tpanyj Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Welsh, Thomas, & Co.
China, Glassware, etc.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd
British Colonial Frading ( ' .
Calabar Stores.
Cie Francaise Do L'Afrique
Occidentalc.
('•i' >any of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Gottschalck, G., & Co.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt. John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London & Kar.o Trading
Comoanv, Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Maciver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Mil! r Brothers (of Liverpool;,
Ltd.
Niger Companv, Lid.
Ollivant. G. B., & Co ... Ltd.
Paterson Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Pinnock, Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
Russell, H. B. W., & Co., Ltd.
Stuart-Young, J. M.
Walkden, John & Co., Ltd.
Welsh, Thomas, & Co.
Enamelware.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Comoanv. Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occident ale.
Comoanv of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Crombie, Steedman & Co.
Fairley, J. D., Ltd.
Gottschalck, G., & Co.
Holt, John. cv. Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jnrgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London iv. Kano Trading
Companv, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
Russell, H. B. W. & Co., Ltd.
Furniture, etc.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co
Cie Francais? De L'Afrique
Occidentnle.
Fairley, J. D., Ltd.
Gottschalck, G., & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liveroool).
Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Companv, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Patarson, Zochonis &■ Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Russell H. B. W., & Co., Ltd.
Walkden, John & Co., Ltd.
Hardware, Ironmongery, Cut-
It' ry, etc.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
Ashton, Kinder & Co., Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Blackstock & Co., Ltd.
Calabar Stores.
Christian, G. W., & Co., Ltd.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Company of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Crombie, Steedman & Co.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
176
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
IMPORTERS — Europeans — continued.
Fairley, J. D., Ltd.
Gottschalck, G., & Co.
Hendersons (Manchester); Ltd.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt, John. & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London & Kano Trading
Company, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthond, Ltd.
firmock, Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
Russell, H. B. W., & Co., Ltd.
Sapele Stores.
Stuart-Young, J. M.
Walkden, John, & Co., Ltd.
Warri Stores.
Welsh. Thomas, & Co.
Jewellery, Watches, Scientific
Instruments.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Calabar Stores.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Companv of African Merchants.
Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Companv, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Pickering A- Berthond, Ltd.
Radcliffe. J.
Walkden. John & Co.. Ltd.
Welsh. Thomas, & Co.
Leather and Leathei Goods.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
• Company of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Fairley, J. 1)., Ltd.
McNeil Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Pickering & Berthond, Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
Walkden, John, & Co., Ltd.
Machinery, Engines, etc.
Company of African Merchants.
Ltd.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool).
LU) .
Niger Company, Ltd.
Paints, Oils, Soap, etc.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
Ashton, Kinder & Co., Ltd.
Blackstock & Co., Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Calabar Stores.
Christian, G. W., & Co., Ltd.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Colonial Building Co.
Companv of African Merchants,
Ltd. "
Crombie, Steedman & Co.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Fairlev, J. D., Ltd.
Gottschalck, G., & Co.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
1111:; .NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
IMPORTERS — Europeans — continued.
177
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Pinnockj Ltd.
Russell, H. B. W., & Co., Ltd.
Rylands & Sons, Ltd.
Stuart-Young, J. M.
Walkden, John, & Co., Ltd.
Warri Stores.
Welsh, Thomas, & Co.
Provisions, Wines, Spirits,
Minerals and Tobacco.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
Anglo-Colonial Trading Corpo-
ration, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Calabar Stores.
Christian, G. W., & Co., Ltd.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Company of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Crombie, Steedman & Co.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London & Kano Trading
Company, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Mathey, Leon.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Borthoud, Ltd.
Pinnock, Ltd.
Russell, H. B. W., & Co., Ltd.
Sapele Stores.
Southern Nigeria Trading Co.
Stuart-Young, J. M.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Walkden, John, & Co., ltd.
Warri Stores.
Welsh, Thomas, & Co.
Rubber Goods.
Nil.
Stationery, Office Supplies.
Church Missionary Society.
Hope-Waddell Institute.
Radcliffe, J.
Sporting, Goods, Games, Musical
Instruments, Cameras, etc.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
Calabar Stores.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
Textile Goods.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
Ambrosini, L.
Anglo-Colonial Trading Corpo-
ration, Ltd.
Ashton, Kinder & Co., Ltd.
Blackstock & Co., Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Calabar Stores.
Christian, G. W., & Co., Ltd.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Company of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Denson & Co.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Fairley, J. D., Ltd.
Gottschalck, G., & Co.
Hendersons (Manchester), Ltd.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Horsfield, J. J., & Co.
Hutchinson, C. F., & Co.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
178
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
IMPORTERS — Europeans — continued.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Lt:
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Nathan, M., & Co.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Overmann & Co.
Paterson, Zochonis ct Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Pinnock, Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
Rhodes, Albert, tt Co.
Russell, H. B. W., & Co., Ltd
Rylands & Sons, Ltd.
Saoele Stores,
Stein, E. H., & Co.
Stuart-Young, J. M.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Walkden, John, & Co., Ltd.
Warri Stores.
Welsh, Thomas, & Co.
Vehicles, Motor Cars, Cycles, etc.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, "Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Gottcchalck, G., & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co. Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Companv, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Radcliffe, J.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
IMPORTERS— Natives .
179
Brushes and Fancy Goods.
Ahayomi, ().. & Co., Lagos.
Ajobiare, E. M. B., Lagos.
A.ma Brothers, Sapele.
Amidu. F. S., Lagos.
Arehibong, A., Calabar.
Aromashodu, Lagos.
Bickersteth, G. T., Lagos.
Boye, Thomas. Koko.
Braid. J. W., Warri.
Cole Brothers, Lagos.
Erne, Etoye, Koko.
Etchie, John E., Sapele.
Etuwewe, L. E., Sapele.
Garrick, S. D., Koko.
George, C. J.. Lagos.
George, J. S., Lagos.
Gomez, P. F., Lago
Gregorio, J.. Lagos.
Johnson, Caroline, Lagos.
Johnson, E. F., Onitsha.
Jones, Tom. Lagos.
Lawani. S. F., Lagos.
Liberty's Store. Lagos.
Louch, Akpiri, Warri.
Macaulay, D. F., Lagos.
Maunah. James, Degema.
Aleggison, J. E. A., Benin City
Mendes, C. B., Lagos.
Mensah Brothers & Co., Opobo
Ogunlana, A. B., Lagos.
Ogimtolu. 1). A. J.j Lagos.
Paxton. A. J., Warri.
Phillips, E. D.', Calabar.
Preston, G. H., Warri.
Santos, Q. B. Dos., Ibadan.
Shitta, A. W., Lagos.
Sonnbi, J. M., Lagos.
Vidal, J. M., Lagos.
"Williams, J. A., Lagos.
Williams, J. L., Lagos.
Williams, Joseph, Lagos.
Williams., M. A., Lagos.
Ch ''mists'* and Druggists' Goods,
Disinfectants, etc.
Adefolu, E. J. A.. Lagos.
Cauleriek, E. A.. Lagos.
Craig, J. O. A.. Ibadan.
Disu, A. James, Lagos.
Doherty, S. H. Ade, Lagos.
O'Gnnyon-Labor, A. D., Opobo.
Phillips, A. E., Lagos.
Phillips1 Medicine Store, Lagos.
White, Victor, Lagos.
Hardware, Ironmongery, Cutlery,
etc.
Ajayi, Abudu, Lagos.
Ama Brothers, Sapele.
Aromashodu, Lagos.
Bale, Osunsanya, Lagos.
Dada Adeshigbin & Sons, Lagos.
Disu, A. James, Lagos.
Effie, Etoyo, Koko.
Esuku, Omacheye, Koko.
Louch, Akpiri, Warri.
Marsh, N. E. A., Lagos.
Aleggison, J. E. A., Benin City
Renner, Moses A., Sapele.
Thomas, A. O., & Co., Lagos.
Thomas, James A., Sapele.
Vaughan, J. C, Lagos.
Paints, Oils, Soaps, etc.
Ama Brothers, Sapele.
Cauleriek, E. A., Lagos.
Dawodu, W. A., & Co., Lagos.
George, Jas. & Son, Lagos.
Phillips' Medicine Store, Lagos.
Vaughan, J. C, Lagos.
Provisions, Wines, Spirits,
Minerals, Tobacco.
Agbaje, Salami, Lagos.
Akitoye, A. BL, Lagos.
Archibong, A., Calabar.
Aromashodu, Lagos.
Blaize, C. O., Lagos.
Bove. Thomas, Koko.
Braid. J. W., Warn.
Campos, H.j Lagos.
Coker, J. B., Lagos.
Coker, P. E. C, Koko.
Da vies, A. R., Lagos.
Esuku, Omacheye, Koko.
Etuwewe. L. E., Sapele.
Freeman, D. A., Lagos
180
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
IMPOETEES— Natives — continued.
Garrick, S. D.., Koko.
Haffner, C, Lagos.
John. J. T., Calabar.
Macfarlane, W. F., Dogema.
Mensah Brothers & Co., Opobo.
Odunjobi, O., Lagos.
Pearse, S. H., Lagos.
Siffre, Y\\ P., Lagos.
Silva, J. B., Lagos.
Thomas, S., & Co., Lagos.
Thomas. J. A., Sapc!
Venn. J. A., Onitsha.
Warburton, J. A., Lagos.
Williams, M. A., Lagos.
Stationery. Office Supplies.
Aromashedu . Lago •
Nigerian Stationery Depot,
Lagos.
Remington Stores, Ltd., Lagos
Textile Goods.
Abayomi, O., & Co., Lagos.
Adewale, Sanni, Lagos.
Akerele, D., Lag*
Alagath, K., Lagos.
Ama Brothers, Sapele.
Archibong. A.. Calabar.
Bore. Thomas, Koko.
Braid. J. W.. Warri.
Coker, P. E. C, Koko.
Coker, S. Alfred, Lagos.
Doherty, J. H., Lagos.
Don-Pedro, S., Abonnema.
Eme, Etoye, Koko.
Etchie, John E., Sapele.
Esuku, Omacheye, Koko.
Garrick, S. D., Koko.
Ige, Disu, Lagos.
John, J. T., Calabar.
Maunah, James, Degema.
O'Dwyer, A. W., Calabar.
Oki, xlbibu, Lagos.
Osuntolu, D. B., Lagos.
Otu, M. George, Calabar.
Pearse, S. H., Lagos.
Pepe, Belo, Lagos.
Phillips, E. D., Calabar.
Silva, R. G., Lagos.
Taylor, D. A., Lagos.
Thomas, S.. & Co., Lag >s.
Williams, P. H., Lago-,.
Williams, Seidu, Lagos.
Vehicles, Motor Gars, Cycles, etc.
;du, John, Lagos.
Adigun Brothers. Lagos.
Ama Brothers, Sapele.
Ball. A. T., Lagos.
Blaize, C. 0., Lagos.
Cole, M. A.. Lagos.
Dawodu, W. A., & Co., Lagos.
Esuku, Omacheye. Koko.
Hicks, S., Lagos.
Smith, E. B., & Co., Lagos.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
EXPOKTER&— Europeans.*
181
Beeswax.
Holt. John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd
Niger Company, Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Anglo-Colonial Trading Corpo-
ration, Ltd.
Benniseed.
Holt. John, A- C . (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products. Ltd.
Lagos Stores. Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Paterson. Zochonis cv. Co., Ltd.
Capsicums.
Holt, John. & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Cocoa.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
Ashton, Kinder & Co., Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
British Nigerian Co., Ltd.
Calabar Stores.
Christian, G. W., & Co., Ltd.
Cie Francaise De L'Afriquc
Occidentale.
Dyer & Win tie, Ltd.
Grace Brothers & Co.
Hendersons (Manchester), Ltd.
Holt Brothers & Co.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Horsfield. J. J., & Co.
Kelsey, L.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London & Kano Trading
Company, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Pinnock, Ltd.
Russell, H. B. W. & Co., Ltd.
Stuart- Young, J. M.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Copaiba.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Copra.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Pickering <fc Berthoud, Ltd.
Corn and Maize.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Cotton.
British Cotton Growing
Association.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liver ocol),
Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Ground Nuts.
African Oil Nuts Co., Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Hendersons (Manchester), Ltd.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London & Kano Trading
Comoany, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G. B., & Co., Ltd.
For addresses of firms see pag^s It;.-) to 173,
182
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
EXPORTERS — Europeans — continued.
Patcrson, Zoohonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Gum Arabic.
Holt, John & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd
Niger Company , Ltd.
Gum Copal.
Holt, John & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
(luff i I 'vie ha.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ivory.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Kapok.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Mahogany, Ebony and Furnitun
Wood.
African Association, Ltd.
British West African Timber,
Co., Ltd.
Mi.Iv.m-, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Mangrove Wood.
Syndicat d'Ktudes des Hois
Kquatoriaux.
Ostrich Feathers.
London & Kano
Company, Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Palm Kernels and Palm Oil,
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd
Anglo-Colonial Trading Corpo-
ration, Ltd.
Behrens, S. L . & Co.
Blackstook & Co., Ltd.
Brass Trading Company, Ltd.
Trading
British Colonial Trading Co.
British Nigerian Co., Ltd.
Canaris, Tangalakis & Co.
Christian, G. W., & Co., Ltd.
Cio Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidental'-'.
Company of African Merchants,
Ltd.
Crombie, Steedman & Co., Ltd.
Davis, 11.
Denson & Co.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Fischer, J. J., Ltd.
Grace Brothers & Co.
Hendersons (Manchester), Ltd.
Holt Brothers & Co., Ltd.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Hoi: field, J. J., & Co.
Hutchinson, C. P., & Co.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Kels -y, L.
Loo. -Stores, Ltd.
London & Kano Trading
( !( mpany, Ltd.
Mac her. W. B., & Co., Ltd.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Matheson, A.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Delta Palm Nut Cracking
Co.
Niger Company, Ltd.
OllTvant, G. I*.. A; Co., Ltd.
Overmann & Co.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Pinnock, Ltd.
Rider, H. T.
Russell, H. B. W. & Co., Ltd.
Rylands & Sons, Ltd.
Stein, B. II.. & Co.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Van Laun Company.
Walkden, John. & Co., Ltd.
Welsh, Thomas, & Co.
Piassa va.
African Association, Ltd.
Holt. John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
EXPORTERS— Europeans— continued.
183
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Rubber.
African Association, Ltd.
African Traders Company, Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Macho:-. W. B.. & Co., Ltl.
McNeil, Scott & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Pinnock, Ltd.
Shea Butter.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Ollivant, G~. B"., & Co., Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Tin Areas of Nigeria. Ltd.
Shea Nuts,
African Association. Ltd.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Ollivant. G. B., & Co., Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Skins and Hides.
Ambrosinij L.
Anglo-Colonial Trading Corpo
ration, Ltd.
Behrens, S. L.. & Co.
British Colonial Trading Co.
Cie Francaise De L'Afrique
Occidentale.
Co-Operative Wholesale Society,
Ltd.
Goat and Sheepskin Import Co.,
Ltd.
Hendersons (Manchester), Ltd.
Holt, John, & Co. (Liverpool),
Ltd.
Jurgens Colonial Products, Ltd.
Lagos Stores, Ltd.
London & Kano Trading
Company, Ltd.
Maclver, W. B., & Co., Ltd.
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool),
Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Paterson, Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Tin Ore.
Niger Company, Ltd.
Nigerian Proprietary Co., Ltd.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
184
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
EXPORTERS- Natives
Cocoa.
Akigbade, F. L., Lagos.
Babalola, H. A., Lagos.
Coker, J. K., Lagos.
Duncan, S. W., Lagos.
Euba, W. B., Lagos.
Freeman, D. A., Lagos.
Johnstone, T. B., & Co., Lagos
Pearse, S. H., Lagos.
Phillips, E. D., Calabar.
Somefun, M. O., Lagos.
Thomas, S., & Co., Lagos.
Williams, F. E... Lagos.
Wright, F. A., Lagos.
"Wright, J. E.j Lagos.
Copra.
Thomas, S.
& Co., Lagos.
Coffee.
Coker, J. K., Lagos.
"Williams, F. E., Lagos.
Wright, F. A., Lagos.
Wright, J. E., Lagos.
Hides.
Agbaje, S., Lagos.
Pearse, S. H., Lagos.
Thomas, S., & Co., Lagos.
Mahogany.
Palmer, I. T. & Co., Sapele.
Palm Kernels and Palm Oil.
Agbaje, S., Lagos.
Aclaniloro, Moses, Lagos.
Ajagba, Lambo, & Sons, Lago
Akigbade, F. L., Lagos.
Alayaki, K., Lagos.
Alayaki, Salami, Lagos.
Allen, Victor, Lbadan.
Ama Brothers, Sapele.
Anjorin, O., Lagos.
Babalola, H. A., Lagos.
Bamgbosne, S. ().. Lagos.
C >ker, J. K., Lagos.
Coker, D. Towry, Lngos.
Cole, O. A., Lagos.
Dohertj'-, J. H., Lagos.
Duncan, S. W., Lagos.
Edema, William, Sapele.
Etchie, J. E., Sapele.
Etuwewe, L. E., Sapele.
Euba, W. B., Lagos.
Fadairo, E. A., Lagos.
Finni, Y. B., Lagos.
Freeman, D. A., Lagos.
Johnstone, T. B., & Co., Lagos.
Joshua, D. A.j Lagos.
Kufeji, S. O., Lagos.
Lawanson, T. A., Lagos.
Mamani, S. Ishola, Lagos.
Mensah Brothers & Co., Opobo.
Nigerian Trading Syndicate,
Lagos.
Oshun, Ben, Lagos.
J. T., Sapele.
H., Lagos.
J., Lagos.
A., Lagos.
R., Lagos.
A., Lagos.
W., Lagos.
A., Sapele.
Thomas, Jas. A., Benin City.
Thomas, S., & Co., Lagos.
Timothy, J., Sapele.
Williams, F. E., Lagos.
Williams, P. H., Lagos.
Wright, F. A., Lagos.
Palmer,
Pen i
Sawyer,
Savage,
Shanu,
Taylor/
Thomas, A
Thomas, J.
S.
S.
S.
J.
D.
Bubber.
Thomas,
Jas. A., Sapele.
SYRIAN MERCHANTS.
Names of Syrian Merchants and their Agents in the United Kingdom.
Asaph, Elias, Lagos.
Messrs. Stein & Co., 7, Rumford Street, Liverpool.
Cure, Elias, Lagos.
Messrs. Staveley & Co., London; Messrs. Overmann & Co.,
38, Cooper Street, Manchester; Messrs. Stein & Co., 7,
Rumford Street, Liverpool ; Messrs. Davies, Stone &
Browning, London.
Daboul, Joseph Moise, Lagos.
Messrs. Stein & Co., 7, Rumford Street, Liverpool.
Elias, Michael, Lagos, (b)
Messrs. Davies, Stone &, Browning, London.
George, Ferris, Lagos, (a) (6)
Messrs. Overmann & Co., 38, Cooper Street, Manchester.
George, Joseph, Lagos.
Messrs. J. J. Horsfield & Co., 81, Peter Street, Manchester.
Geara, Pechara, Lagos.
Messrs. Stein & Co., 7, Rumford Street, Liverpool; Messrs.
Blackstock & Co., Ltd., 82, Princess Street, Manchester
Jaboul, J. B., Lagos.
Messrs. Blackstock & Co., Ltd., 82 Princess Street,
Manchester.
Joseph, Asaph, Lagos.
Messrs. Stein & Co., 7, Rumford Street, Liverpool.
Moise, Elias, Lagos.
Messrs. Stein & Co., 7, Rumford Street, Liverpool.
Simhani, J. T., Lagos.
Messrs. Davies, Stone & Browning, London; Messrs.
Blackstock & Co., Ltd., 82, Princess Street, Manchester.
(a) Exporter of cocoa.
(V Exporter of ground r<uts, hides, palm kernels and palm oil.
(185)
APPENDIX V.
Statement showing the number and tonnage of vessels
entered and cleared at the ports of Nigeria from 1910.
ARRIVED.
DEPARTED.
British.
FOREIGN".
British. Foreign.
Total
tonnage
of vessel^
cleared.
■-
93
X
-/.
>
Tons.
■j.
>
Tons.
Total
tonnage
of vessels
entered.
-j
>
Tons.
CO
Tons.
1910
340
467.371
217
338,644
1,015
329 44-
216
343,828
792.720
1911
349
476.175
21 12
346,544
822,719
325 439,663
201
347
787,259
1912
312
470,196
221
3,842
829,038
307
455.415
2:;;,
371,364
826,779
1913
310
53'
253
351.010
881,986
300
.911
251
342.239
853,150
1914
293
504,724
197
226,168
730,892
272
467,074
225
692.74!'
1915
266
530,882
70
3o
561,771
272
537,148
69
30.444
567.592
1910
250
490,957
79
32,258
523,215
252
486,
80
33.167
519.167
1917
241
447,1 SI
26,969
474.150
242
436,267
86
28,742
465,009
1918
222
395.5<m;
64
13,640
409.146
21 s
381,7421 67
15,093
396,*
In 1913, 154 British and 225 Foreign steamers, with a total tonnage
of 530.737 tons, entered at Lagos. In 1918, 148 British and 51
Foreign steamers, with a total tonnage of 288,086 tons, entered at the
same port besides 2 British and 8 Foreign sailing vessels of \').~>s:)
tons in all.
086)
APPENDIX VI.
The following passenger lares are charged on the
Nigerian Railway for a single journey by ordinary train:
To
From Lagos (Iddo)
Abcokuta ...
Ibadaii
Oshogbo
lloiin
Jebba
Zimgeru
Minna
Kaduna
Zaria
Kano
Baro (via Minna).,
Naraguta ...
Buk n ru
From Port ITarcourt To:
Miles.
£
s.
cl.
GO
0
15
0
120
1
10
0
18-2
2
5
6
24:]
3
0
9
303
3
15
9
42G
5
6
G
463
5
15
6
5C9
7
2
3
G18
7
14
3
703
8
16
3
574
7
3
o
710
9
G
o
7G1
9
10
3
Aba
Afikpo Road
Udi
39
0
9 9
10G
1
G 6
151
1
17 9
First clnss
fares on
basis of
3d. a
mile.
Second class fares are on a basis of l|d. per mile and
third class fares Jd. per mile.
(187)
188 THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Passengers travelling on the boat train may obtain
Bed linen from the Catering Contractor upon payment of
a charge of 5s. Bed linen is not provided upon the
ordinary passenger or mixed trains.
Meals are provided on the Boat Trains, and the
"Through Mixed" trains — upon the latter the Restaurant
Car running between Iddo and Kuti-wenji, and vice
versa.
The prices of meals are : —
Breakfast ... 2s. Gd. Afternoon Tea ... Is.
Luncheon ... 3s. Oil. Dinner 5s.
for.
Early morning tea ami shaving water are not charged
Passengers north of Kuti-wenji on through mixed
trains may obtain meals at the above prices at the
Refreshment Rooms at Minna and Zaria.
Passengers' luggage not exceeding 2 cwt. for 1st
class passengers, 1 cwt. for 2nd class, and 28 lb. for
3rd class passengers is conveyed free of charge, beyond
that the charges are : —
lDDO to Ibadan
„ llorin
„ Zungeru .
„ Zaria
„ Kano
„ Bukuru
Port Harcourt to Aba
„ „ Afikpo Road
™
Higher rates are charged on the boat train upon
luggage exceeding 22 cwt. (2 cwt. free allowance, and
20 cwt. at above quoted figures).
By Boat
Express
By ordii
iary train
per <
swt.
ppr
cwt.
S.
d.
S.
d.
, 3
5
C
3
0
0
11
9
O
7
2
14
5
9
::
10
7
9
11
17
10
13
3
18
5
2
6
()
3
8
9
THE .NIGERIA HANDBOOK. 189
The following are t lie rates of freight per ton on a
few of the main articles of export : —
Ginned Cotton (in bales of not move than 80
cubic feet to the ton) :— £ s. d.
To Iddo from Ibadan 2 2 4*
Oshogbo 2 12 3 *
Zaria 4 0 0 *
Ground Nuts:—
To Iddo from llorin ... 1 17 4 *
„ Kaduna 2 18 2 *|
„ Kano 3 6 4 *|
Hides, Dressed or Undressed :—
To Iddo from Kano 9 17 9 * f
Hides, Undressed (subject to a minimum of 6
tons in a covered waggon and 3 tons in a
1 wheeled covered waggon) :
To Iddo from Kano 5 14 0*t
Palm Kernels:—
To Iddo from Abeokuta 0 17 4 * t
Ibadan 2 4 11 * t
Oshogbo 3 7 7 *t
llorin 3 16 0 *t
Palm Oil:—
To Iddo from Abeokuta 0 17 1 * j
Ibadan 1 15 6 * t
Oshogbo 2 13 3 *t
llorin 3 10 10 * f
Tin :—
To Iddo from stations between Rahama and
Bukuru inclusive ... ... .., ... 11 1 0 *
la addition to a terminal charge of 3si. 6d. per ton for good.s booked to Iddo.
t Plus a war surtax of 30i°.
APPENDIX VII.
PRINCIPAL MINING COMPANIES AND THEIR
ADDRESSES.
Company.
British Addresses.
Aim Tin Company. Ltd
Anglo-Continental Mines Com-
pany, Ltd.
Benue (N.N.) Tin Mines, Ltd. ...
Berrida (N.) Tin Fields, Ltd. ...
Bisichi Tin Co. (N.) Ltd
B. K. S. W. Syndicate, Ltd.
Bongwelli (N.) Tin Syndicate ...
Champion (Nigeria) Tin Fields.
Ltd.
Damo (N.) Tin Company, Ltd. ...
Dna (N.) Tin Fields, Ltd.
Ex-Lands Nigeria, Ltd
Filani (N.) Tin Mining Co., Ltd.
Forum River (N.) Tin Co., Ltd....
Gold Coast Consolidated Lands,
Ltd. • /
Gongola Syndicate. Ltd
Grurum River (N.) Tin Mines, Ltd.
Hansa Nigeria, Ltd.
Jan tar Nigeria Co., Ltd
Jos Tin Area (N.) Ltd
Ivaduna Syndicate, Ltd
Kano (N.) Tin Areas. Ltd.
• Kassa Ropp Tin Co., Ltd.
Kern Tin Company, Ltd
Kuskie (N.) Tin Fields, Ltd. ...
K wall Tin Fieldsof Nigeria, Ltd.
Luton River Tin Areas, Ltd.
Lower Bisichi (N.) Tin Mines. Ltd.
L. P. R. Syndicate, Ltd
Lucky Chance Mines. Ltd.
4, Tokenhouse Buildings, E.C.
22, Austin Friars, E.C.
20, Copthall Avenue, E.C.
Friars House, 39-41, New Broad
Street, E.C.
33, Cornhill, E.C.
Capel House, 54, New Broad St.
24, Coleman Street, E.C.
Friars House, 39-41, New Broad
Street, E.C.
Blomfield House, 85, London
Wall, E.C.
Finsbury House, Blomfield Street,
F C
85, London Wall, E.C,
37, Lime Street, E.C.
1, Broad Street Place, E.C.
41 & 42 Broad Street House, New
Broad Street, E.C.
Friars House. New Broad Street.
( lapel House, New Broad St.. E.C.
1. London Wall Buildings. E.C.
12, St. Swithin's Lane. E.C.
Nigeria House, 1-4, Giltspur
Street, New Gate Street, E.C.
16, St. Helen's Place, E.C.
Nigeria House. 1 4. Giltspur
Street. New Gate Street, E.C.
Capel House. .71, New Broad St.
32, Sackville Street. W.
2. Austin Friars, E.< \
in 13, Broad Street, Avenue, W.C.
33, Cornhill, E.C.
Nigeria House. 1 1. Giltspur
Street, E.C.
U) l.">. Broad Street, Avenue, E.C.
Friars Souse, ;'.!' 1 1. New Broad
Street, E.C
(190)
tHE NIGERIA HAND1300K.
191
PRINCIPAL MIXING COMPANIES AND THEIR
ADDRESSES continued.
Company
\\\ Mortens & Co., Ltd
Minna (X.) Tin Co. (1914), Ltd....
Mongo (N.) Tin Mines, Ltd.
Naraguta Extended (N.) Ti»
Mines. Ltd.
Naraguta (N.) Tin Klines. Ltd. ...
New Lafon Tin Fields, Ltd.
Niger Company. Ltd.
Nigerian Stanneries. Ltd....
Nigerian Tin Corporation, Ltd.
Nigerian Proprietary. Ltd
Ningbi (N.) Tin Co., Ltd....
N. N. (Bauchi) Tin Mines, Ltd.
Northern Nigeria Trust. Ltd.
N. T. Syndicate. Ltd.
Offin River Gold Estates, Ltd.
Rafin Pa (N.) Tin Co.. Ltd.
Rayfield (N.) Tin Fields. Ltd.
Ropp Tin, Ltd.
Rukuba (N.) Tin Mining Co.. Ltd.
South Bukeru (N.) Tin Co., Ltd.
Sybu Syndicate, Ltd.
Tafchin Amalgamated Syndicate.
Ltd.
Tin and Trading Co. of Nigeria,
Ltd.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
Tin Fields of Northern Nigeria.
Ltd.
Toro Tin Company, Ltd
West African Mines, Ltd.
Zuma Tin Areas, Ltd.
British Aitdivsscs.
Balfour Bouse, 11'.) 125, Finsbury
Pavement, E.C.
4, Broad Street Place, E.C.
22, Austin Friars, E.C.
Friars House, New Broad Street,
E.C.
Friars House, 39-41, New Broad
Street. E.C.
ii. Broad Street Place, E.C.
Surrey House, Victoria Embank-
ment, W.C.
34. New Broad Street.
54, New Broad Street.
Eldon Street House, Eldon Street.
E.C.
1, Broad Street Place, E.C.
19. St. Swithin's Lane. E.C.
1, Broad Street Place, E.C.
Norfolk House, Lawrence
Poultney Hill.
Coventry House, South Place.
Finsbury Circus, E.C.
2 and 3, West Street, Finsbury
Circus, E.C.
Capel House, New Broad Street,
E.C.
20, Copthall Avenue, E.C.
Blomfield House, 85, London
Wall. E.C.
Blomfield House, 85, London
Wall, E.C.
Finsbury House, Blomfield Street,
E.C.
85, London Wall, E.C.
90, Cannon Street, E.C.
Nigeria House, 14, Giltspur
Street, New Gate Street, E.C.
Friars House. 39-41, New Broad
Street, E.C.
3,2, Sackville Street. W.
8, Old Jewry, E.C.
33. Cornhill, E.C.
192
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
APPENDIX VIII.
Cable Tariff Fkom Lagos
EUROPE. s. d.
Belgium * 3 5
Crete ... 3 8
Cyprus ;' 4 0
Denmark 3 7
Faroe Islands ' 3 11
France and Corsica * 3 4
Gibraltar * 3 2
Great Britain t * 3 6
Greece, and Islands * 3 8
Holland * 3 0
Iceland * 4 0
Italy « 3 6
Malta • 3 8
Montenegro 3 7
Norway "37
Portugal * 3 1
Roumania 3 7
Russia in Europe and Caucasus... 3 9
Serbia * 3 7
Spain ... * 3 3
Sweden * 3 7
Switzerland * 3 5
ISLANDS.
Azores * 3 8
Madeira ' 3 1
S. Vincent. Cape Verde * 4 6
Santiago ., ., " 3 11
Ascension * 2 10
S. Helena ° 3 6
Las Palmas, Canaries * 3 9
via St Vincent-Brest-
Dakar * .") ."■
AFRICA, WEST COAST.
British Possessions.
Bathurst ; 2 10
Gold Coast— Accra and Seccondee * 0 10
All Other Offices ... * 1 0
Sierra Leone -Freetown. Water
Street and Cline Town ... :; 110
Mabanta * 2 0
Bendu and Sera bu ... * 2 1
All Other Offices ... * 1 11
French Possessions.
Dahomey— Kotonou. Whydah. &c ■ 0 11
French Equatorial Africa (French
Congo) Libreville. &c. 2 0
French Guinea * 1 10
Conakry via St. Vincent-Brest or
Cadiz , 5
Ivory Coast 19
Senegal. Mauritania and Upper
Niger p 3 19
via St. Vincent-Brest or Cadiz !;' 5 10
PORTUGlI>i: POSSESSIONS.
Angola- -Benguclla f> I
< io\ eminent Offices 5 5
Loanda • I 0
Portuguese Possessions— continued.
s. d.
Loanda Government
Offices * 4
Angola— Mossamedes " (i
Government Offices * 6
Cabinda * 2
Guinea— Bissao and Bolama ... • 2
Principe * 3
San Thome * 3
Belgian Congo.
via Libreville • 2 8
via Loanda— Noqui • 4 4
Offices served via Rhodesia
Broken Hill * 3 1
Liberia.
Monrovia via Kotonou ... * 2 11
via Teneriffe ... * 5 10
AFRICA, SOUTH.
Cape of Good Hope. Natal. Orange
Free State and Transvaal * 2 6
Southern Rhodesia * 2 8
Northern and North Western
Rhodesia 2 11
Nyasaland (British Centra] Africa ) 2 11
South West Africa (formerly
German S.W. Africa') ... * 2 8
AFRICA. EAST COAST AND
ADJACENT ISLANDS.
British East Africa— Mombasa
and Kilindini
All Other Offices
Madagascar and Reunion
Mauritius and Seychelles
Rodriguez
Mayotte and Comoro Islands ...
Pemba Island .-.
Zanzibar '
Portuguese East Africa.
Lourenco Marques Town
Mozambique Town
Govt. Offices. Mozambique Province
Nyasa Company's Offices
Beira Railway Coy's Stations ...
District of the Zambesi ■
AFRICA, NORTH COAST.
Algeria "40
Egypt -Alexandria. Cairo. Suez.
Port Said, and 1st Region ... ° 4 10
2nd Region (Upper Egypt) 5 0
3rd Region (Sudan) ... ... "52
Morocco— Tangier • 4 l
Casablanca. Rabat and Mogador 4 6
Tripoli. Tripoli Town T> 1
All other Office 5 2
Tunis * 4 II
4
(i
4
6
2
6
4
6
i)
0
4
8
4
0
2
in
4
8
2
U
4
a
•>
!!
3
(I
J The tariff from Bonny is Blightly different.
* Deferred telegrams at half ordinary rates
t Press telegrams Is. 3£d, per word.
In addition to the rates Bhown above. 2d. b word (With a minimum of Is.) is
cables fowarded over the Government telegraph lines.
charged on
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
103
APPENDIX VIII —continued.
Gable Tariff From Lagos, t
AFRICA, NORTH EAST. s. d.
Abyssinia 5 5
Aden * 4 0
Berbera (British Somaliland) ... * 5 0
Djibouti • 5 3
Erythrea (Italian East Africa) ... 5 2
Hedjas 6 7
Perhn w 5 0
Suakim * 5 5
Yemen 6 7
ASIA AND ISLANDS.
British North Borneo
Cocos Keeling Islands *
Dutch Indies -Java and other Islands
and Dutch Borneo
French tndo-China— Annam and
Tonquin
Cochin China. Laos and Cambodge
Poulo Condore *
India— India and Burmah
Ceylon *
Persia— Bunder Abbas
TA11 other Offices (including Bushire)
Persian Gulf Stations
Russia in Asia and Bokhara
Straits Settlements— Kelantan ...
Penang, Malacca, Singapore,
Labium. Malay States ... ... * 5 9
Siam — via Moulmein 7 0
China* from 6s. 3d. to 6 5
Hong-Koug * 6 0
Chosen (Corea) * 7 9
Formosa * 7 9
Japan • 7 9
Palaos Islands (Angaur) ° (5 0
Peninsula of Ewatung (Port Arthur
andDalny) * 7 9
Phillippines from 6s. 7d. to 7 4
Caroline Islands (Yap) * 5 6
Guam 7 10
Midwav via San Francisco ... 8 10
Sandwich Islands (Honolulu) ... 9 10
AUSTRALASIA. ETC.
New South "Wales, Queensland.
South and West Australia.
Victoria • 4 8
New Zealand * 5 0
Tasmania * 4 11
"New Caledonia "> 4
Norfolk Islands * 4 10
Fiji Islands * 5 3
Fannin»' Islands ° 6 3
6
1
4
G
4 10
6
3
5
9
5 1]
4
9
4
9
6
5
5
6
5 10
4 10
7
0
UNITED STATES"
ALASKA
CANADA*
MEXICO
from 4s. 4d. to 4 10
G 1
from 4s. 10d. to 6 0
from4-i.10d.to5 9
WEST INDIES.
Antigua •
Bahamas— Nassau (New Provi-
dence) *
Barbados *
Bermuda <l
Cuba— Havana
All other places
Curacao
Dominica *
Grenada •
Guadeloupe
Haiti. Republic of ... from 8s. 9d. to
Jamaica *
Martinique
Porto Rico
S.Croix
S. Domingo. Republic of
S. Kitts (S. Christopher)
S. Lucia *
S.Thomas
S. Vincent •
Tobago *
Trinidad *
Turks Island •
CENTRAL AMERICA.
Costa Rica 6 9
Guatemala from 6s. 5d. to 6 9
Honduras, Republic of 5 11
British (Belize) ... 5 10
Republic of Panama from 6s. 5d. to 6 6
Nicaragua from 6s. 5d. to 6 9
Salvador from 6s. 5d. to 6 9
SOUTH AMERICA.
5
9
8
1
5
10
5
0
5
2
10
1
7
6
8
0
8
5
11
9
6
4
8
5
7
6
8
7
9 10
8
0
7 10
8
4
7 11
8
5
8
5
6
4
Argentine Republic
Bolivia
Brazil
British Guiana
Chili
Colombia
Dutch Guiana (Surinam) .
Ecuador
French Guiana
Paraguay
* 4 7
"47
from 3s. 7d. to 6 9
* 8 10
* 4 7
from (^. lOd. to 7
8
6
8
* 4
Peru
Uruguay
Venezuela
from 4s. 7d. to 6
4
J The tariff from Bonny is slightly different.
° Deferred telegrams at half ordinary rates.
In addition to the rates shown above, 2d. a word (with a minimum of Is.) is charged on
cables forwarded over the Government telegraph lines,
APPENDIX IX.
Index to short titles of Ordinances, showing the number
and year of each Ordinance, and of all Orders in Council,
Regulations, Rules, and Bye-Laws made thereunder.
The word 4k Ordinance " and the appropriate year should
be understood to follow the short title given in the Index,
e.g., " Agricultural — 55/1016 " should be understood to
represent the " Agricultural Ordinance, 1916."
Corrected to the 10th July, 1919.
Abbreviations.
Regs. = Regulations.
(P.) signifies that an Ordinance applies to the Protectorate only.
(C.) signifies that au Ordinance applies to the Colony only.
(S.N.) = Southern Nigeria.
(N.N.) = Northern Nigeria.
(194)
THE N1UEHIA HANDBOOK.
195
Index to Short Titles of Ordinances, &c.
Short Title of Ordinance.
Acquisition of Public Lands, see Public Lands
Administration (Real Estate and Small Estates)
and see Foreign Employment.
Admiralty Transports (Discipline)
Adulteration of Produce
Regs. 6/1918.
Affirmations, see Oaths
Agricultural
Regs. 8/1917 ; 2, 59/1918 ; 5/1919.
Aliens Restriction
Regs. 3, 14/1916 ; 38/1918 and see Gazette of
1st February, 1917 and see Naturalisation
of Aliens.
Animals, see Diseases of Animals and Wild
Animals
Arbitration ...
Arms
Regs. 17, 28, 34, 58/1917 ; 41, 49/1918
Assessment
Auction, see Sales by Auction
Authentication
Bills of Exchange ...
Births, Deaths and Burials
Order 10/1918.
_ Regs. 41/1917 ; 18/1918.
British and Colonial Probates
British Nationality and Status of Aliens Act
1914, Fees
Building Lines Regulation
Order 13/1919.
Census
Change of Titles
Cinematograph
Regs. 24/1917.
Collective Punishment (p.)
Commissions of Inquiry
Companies Ordinance (^.N.)
Companies Ordinance (Amendment and Exten-
sion)
Copyright Act. 1911
Regs. 39/1918.
Coroners
Regs. 4/1915.
<D
bed
^ °
S3 o
^ S3
^|§
6.S
og.S
X'i
fc p-tf
o
3o
11/1917
45/1916
67/1917
55/1916
13/1914
16/1914
8/1917
10/1915
3/1914
38/1917
48/1917
7/1915
17/1916
22/1917
54/1917
5/1914
31/1917
20/1915
53/1916
8/1912
10/1918
19/1914
13/1917
18/1915
16/1916
8/1918
66/1917
.96
HIE XlGKlUA HANDBOOK,
Index to Short Titles or Ordinance?, &c.
Short Title of Ordinance.
Criminal Code
Orders 11, 12/1917; 3,5/1918.
Criminal Procedure
Order 17/1916.
Crown Lands
Regs. 34/1918.
Currency Notes
Order 15/1919.
Currency Notes (Legal Tender)
Currency Offences
and see Nigerian Currency Notes.
Customs
Orders 14, 23/1917 ; 31/1918 ; 8, 9, 10, 16/1919.
Regs. 13, 20/1916 ; 30/1917 ; 22, 40, 56/1918 ;
6/1919.
Customs Tariff
Orders 26, 32/1918 ; 4/1919.
Customs Tariff Export
Order 34/1917.
and see Palm Kernels.
Deaths, see Births, Deaths and Burials
Defence of Nigeria
Orders 3. 31/1917 ; 6, 11, 13, 19. 28/1918.
Dentists, see Medical Practitioners
Departmental Offences
Deposed Chiefs Removal ...
Desertion from Ships (p.)...
Diocesan Synod ... ... ...
Discipline, see Navy Discipline
Diseases of Animals
Regs. 7/1918 ; 10/1919.
Dogs
Orders 24/1917 ; 12/1919.
Drugs and Poisons ...
Education
Regs. 21/1916; 9, 19/1917; 16, 45/1918;
7/1919 ;
yee also Mission Schools.
Electricity Simply
Regs. 49 1917.
Employment of Women (n.n.)
Enemy, .see Trading with the Enemy
Enemy Property Disposal
15/1916
9/1914
7/1918
11/1916
27/1915
1/1919
31/1916
32/1916
46/1916
U/1914
7/1917
59/1917
13/1916
53/1917
52/1917
8/1915
28/1915
50/1916
62/1917
8/1912
2/1917
a?
61/1917
16/1915
46/1917
6/1919
3*/1919
6/1917
17/1915
2/1918
51/1917
8/1919
27/1317
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Index to Short Titles of Ordinances, &c.
11T
•
Short Title of Ordinance.
6
o
6B
fc-g
5
<o
Explosives
6/1915
Regs. 10/1915.
Exports, see Customs, Palm Kernels
■ • •
Extradition (c.)
69/1917
...
Firearms, see Arms ...
Folded Woven Goods
19/1917
Food, see Sale of Food
...
Foreign Employment (Administratio
nj"
10/1917
Foreign Prisoners Detention
45/1917
• • •
Forestry .... ...
... ...
12/1916
Regs. 10/1916 ; 46/1917; 55/1918;
4/1919.
Fugitive Criminals Surrender
... ...
22/1916
• • •
General Loan and Inscribed Stock (c
.)
24/1916
43/1916
Order 16/1916.
General Loan (Protectorate) (p.)
26/1916
. . .
and see Loan
Glover Hall, see Queen's Gardens
• • •
Government Securities
19/1918
Guarantee Fund, see Public Officers
...
Harbour Dues, see Lagos
Health, see Public Health
Holidays, see Public Holidays
Hospital Fees
41/1917
Regs. 45/1917: 28/1918.
Ikoyi Lands (s.N.)
16/1908
Illiterates Protection
24/1915
Immigration Restriction
65/1917
Regs. 56/1917 ; 58/1918.
Imports, see Customs
. . .
Interpretation
4/1914
58/1917
Inquiry, sec Commissions
. . .
Jurisdiction of Courts Extension ( i\
)
2/1915
Lagos Harbour Dues (c.)
63/1917
23/1918
Regs. 2, 12/1919.
Lagos Township
13/1919
an ! see Townships.
Land and Native Rights (r.)
1/1916
18/1918
Regs. 8/1918.
and see Native Lands.
Land Registration
12/1915
29/1915
Regs. 1/1916 ; 17, 35, 50, 54/1918 ;
8/1919. '
12/1918
see also Crown Lands, Niger Lai
ids, Public
Lan<i<.
Laws, see Statute Laws
198
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Index to Short Titles of Ordinances &c.
Short Title of Ordinance.
Legal Practitioners
Order 30/1017.
Legal Tender, see Currency Notes
Leper ...
Regs. 5/1917.
Liquor
Orders 28/1917 ; 25/1918 ; 14/1919.
Regs. 21, 55/1917 ; 30. 31, 57/1918 ; 1, 3/1919
and see Native Liquor.
Loan (Chapter 68 of laws of Southern Nigeria"}
Loan (c.)
and see General Loan
Lunacv
Regs. 4/1917.
Manilla Currency ...
Markets
Rules 4/1917 ; 8/1918.
By daws approved 28th August. 1917: 4th
July, 1918.
Marriage of British Subjects (Facilities)
Marriage
Marriages Validation (r.)
Master and Servant
Regs. 36/1917 ; 9, 19/191*.
Measures, see Weights Measures...
Medical Practitioners and Dentists
Merchandise Marks...
Mineral Oils
Minerals
Regs. 8, 1 1, 16/1916 ; 31, 35/1917 ; 1, 10, 23,
24, 36/1918.
Mission Schools (Northern Provinces) (p.)
and see Education
Money Lenders
Regs. 42/1917.
Motor Traffic
Regs. 6. 22/1917.
Native Authority (p.)
Native Children (Custody and Reformation) ...
Native Courts
Regs. 7/1914; 6/1916; 13/1917; 14, 32.
37/1918.
Native House Rule (Repeal) (p.)
44/1917
58/1916
28/1917
Ch. 68
25/1916
56/1916
10/1919
an 1917
19/1916
18/1914
3/1916
16/1917
7/1916
23/1915
17/1914
10/1916
6/1918
37/1917
29/1916
14/1916
25/1917
5/1918
15/1914
49/1917
3/1918
7/1908
12/1911
57/1917
9/1919
18/1916<c.)
5/1917
27/1918
14/1918
4/1918
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
199
Index to Short Titles of Ordinances.
Short Title of Ordinance
Native Labour Foreign Service
Native Lands Acquisition (p.) ...
Regs. 23/19.
and see Land and Native Rights.
Native Liquor
Order 18/1917.
Regs. 33/1917.
Native Liquor (Manufacture)
Regs. 61/1918.
Native Revenue (p.)
Regs. 52/1918.
Native Revenue (Southern Provinces)
Orders 33/1918 ; 11/1919.
Naturalisation of Aliens (c.) ...
Naturalisation of Aliens (Revocation of
Certificates) ... ... ...
Navigation, see Shipping ...
Navy Discipline
Newspaper
Regs. 27/1917.
Nigerian Currency Notes ...
see also Currency.
Nigeria Regiment, see W.A.F.F
Nigeria Reservists ...
Regs. 13/1918.
Niger Lands Transfer (p.)
Non-Ferrous Metal Industry
Notaries Public ... ...
Oaths and Affirmations
Official Oaths
Oils, see Mineral Oils
Palm Kernels (Export Duty) ...
see also Customs Tariff.
Patents ... ...
Regs. 16/1917.
Patents Validation
Pawnbrokers ...
Order 17/1917.
Regs. 32/1917.
Peace Preservation (p.)
Pensions ...
and see Widows and Orphans
Pensions (War Service in East Africa)
Petitions of Right
Petroleum
Regs. 25, 52/1917 ; 12, 33/1918.
51/1916
32/1917
17/1917
17/1918
1/1917
29/1918
54/1916
9/1918
43/1917
40/1917
22/1918
23/1917
2/1916
5/1919
21/1917
37/1916
38/1916
7/1919
30/1916
20/1916
35/1917
15/1917
14/1919
4/1917
19/1915
28/1916
<« 5 °
16/1918
1/1918
200
THE NIGERIA HANDBOOK.
Index to Short Titles or Ordinances.
Short Title of Ordinance.
Piers
Regs. 7, 15/1917.
Pilotage
_ Regs. 12/1915; 7/1916; 50/1917: 15/1918.
Poisons, see Drugs aud Poisons ...
Police
Regs. 29,57/1917: 29/1918.
Ports ...
Regs. 47, 53, 54/1917; 5, 43, 51/1918
11/1919.
Post Office
Regs. 1, 44/1917.
Post Office Savings Bank ...
m Regs. 19/1916; 4/1918.
Prisons
Orders 27/1917; 5/1919.
Regs. 2/1917: 25. 26/1918.
Probates, see British and Colonial
Produce, see Adulteration of Produce ...
Provident Fund, see Railway*
Provincial Courts (p.)
Provincial Courts Process Extension ...
Public Custodian
Public Health
Orders 26, 32. 33/1917 : 9. 16, 22. 29/1918.
Rules 2/1917: 12/1918.
Byelaws approved 15th May, 1918.
Public Holidays
Public Lands Acquisition ...
and see Crown Lands. Native Lands, Lands.
Public Officers' Guarantee Fund...
Public Officers' Protection
Quarantine ...
Begs. 26/1917.
Queen's Gardens and Glover Hall (Chapter 89
of Laws of Southern Nigeria)
Racecourse Management (Chapter 88 of Laws
of Southerii Nigeria)
Byelaws approved 28th October, 1899, and
20th duly. L916.
Railways •
Byelaws approved 11th October. 1915;
20th Julv. 1916.
7/1914
10/1914
47/1916
33 1917
40/191(5
9/1917
57/1916
39/1916
4/1910
Ch. 89
Ch. 88
MM 915
□ ■z
6 'i-
O
No. o
Amend
Ordinal
3/1917
...
9/1915
...
39/1917
4/1919
(U/1917
...
49/1910
...
41/1916
...
21/1910
23/1910
21/1918
12/1917
11/1918
11/1919
50/1917
SUPPLEMENT.
CONTENTS.
Councils and Boards ...
Civil Establishment —
Governor's Office and Lieutenant-Governors
Secretariats
Political and Administrative
Judicial and Magistrates
Legal
Treasury
Customs ... ...
Audit
Printing
Marine ... ... ...
Police
Prisons ...
Forestry ... ... ...
Agriculture ...
Medical
Sanitary
Medical Research Institute
Laboratory
Mines
Chaplaincy
Lands
Education
Surveys
Public Works
Posts and Telegraphs
Director of Railways and Works
Nigerian Railway '
Colliery
Geological Survey
Harbour Works
Lagos Town Council
Nigeria Regiment
Lawyer and Notaries Public...
Doctors and Dentist
Principal Missions
Chambers of Cqnimerce and Mines ...
Agents of European Finns
Elder Dempster & Co., Passenger Fares arid
Freight rates
Senior official^ <»f neighbouring British
Colonies
m-v.
VI.
vii.
viii.
xi.
xi.
xi.
xii.
xiii.
xiii.
xiii.
xv.
xvi.
xvi.
xvii.
xviii.
xxi.
xxi.
xxi.
xxi.
xxi.
xxii.
xxii.
xxiii.
xxiii.
xxv.
xxvii.
xxvii.
xxxiii.
xxxiv.
xxxiv.
xxxiv.
xxxv.
xxxix.
xl.
xli.
xliii.
xlv.
xlvii.
xlviii,
MEMBERS OF COUNCILS, Etc.
< i <>)■< riHir.
His Excellency Sir H. (\ Clifford, k.c.m.i;
EXECUTIVE COUNCIL.
Lieut. -Governor, Southern Provinces
and Administrator, Colony ... A. G. Boyle, c.m.g., c.h.e.
Lieut. -Governor, Northern Provinces H. S. Goldsmith, c.M.t;.
Attorney-General
Director of Railways and Works ..
Commandant, Nigeria Regiment
Director of the Medical and Sanitary
Service
Treasurer
Director of Marine
Comptroller of Customs
Central Secretary
E. Greenwood.
Dr. T. Hood, c.m.g.
D. S. MacGregor.
Lieut. -Commander J. Percival,
D.S.O., K.N.K.
T. F. Burrowes, c.b.e.
D. C. Cameron, c.m.g.
Major H. C. Moorhouse, c.m.g., d.s.o.
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.
Official.
Governor Sir H. C. Clifford, k.c.m.g.
Administrator A. G. Boyle, c.m.g. , c.h.e.
Secretary to the Southern Provinces
and Colony Major H. C. Moorhouse, c.m.g
D.S.o.
Principal Medical Officer, Southern
Provinces and Colony, Major W. H. G. H. Best.
Legal Adviser, Southern Provinces
and Colony
Assistant Treasurer
Commissioner of Lands
J. M. M. Dunlop.
... The Senior Assistant Treasurer
in the Colony for the time
being.
... C. W. Alexander.
Unofficial.
R. McNeill, Esq.
S. H. Pearse, Esq.
E. O. Moore, Esq.
A. M. Harvey. Esq.
iii
IV
NIGERIAN COUNCIL.
OfFH I A I..
Governor Sir H. C. Clifford, k.c.m.o.
Members of the Executive Council (as above).
f Captain U. F. H. Ruxton.
W. F. Gowers, c.m.g.
: F. B. Gall.
, R. A. Roberts.
1 Dr. J. C. Maxwell, c.m.g.
E. J. Arnett.
H. R. Palmer.
J. Watt.
Secretary. Northern Provinces ... G. R. Matthews.
First Class Residents
EJ>' OFFICIAL.
Alafin of Oyo
Chief. Calabar ..
Sultan of Sokoto
Shehu of Bornu.
N. D. Maidman.
G. G. Bruce.
.. Oladugbolu Ouikepe. c.m.g.
.. Richard Henshaw.
Kitoyi Ajasa.
.. Mohammodu Maiturare. Sarkin
Musulmi.
A. R. Canning.
S. Waring.
T. Spearpoint.
AV. A. E. Evans.
R. McNeill.
... Abubakr Garbai, c.b.e.
I.AfiOS TOWN (OCXCIL.
Ol'FICIAI..
Lieutenant-Governor and Adminis-
trator (President) A. G. Boyle, c.m.i;.. c.n.K.
Principal Medical Officer (Yice-ProMdun i Major W. H. G. H. Best
Legal Adviser T. M. M. Dunlop.
Commissioner of Lands ... ... C.W.Alexander.
Assistant Treasurer
Provincial Commissioner of the Colony II. Carr.
C NnKI i< IAL
ft. McNeill.
s H. I',
A. M. llarvey
E. 0. Moore.
S. J. Sawyerr.
BOARDS OF EDUCATION
Colony and Soitiif.rx Proyincf.s.
Lieutenant-Governor and Administrator.
Director of Education.
Principal Medical Officer.
The Right Reverend Isaac Olu.vole.
The Reverend Oliver John Griffin.
The Reverend Arthur West \Yilkie.
The Reverend Father H. Paulissen.
Northern Provinces.
Lieutenant-Governor.
Resident. Kano.
Director of Education.
Local Secretary of the Church Missionary Society.
Doctor A. P. Stirrett.
LAGOS PILOTAGE BOARD.
Senior Marine Officer. Lagos.
Senior Pilot.
J. R. U. Little.
K. Ajasa.
CIVIL ESTABLISHMENT.
Governor's Office.
Governor.
Sir H. C. Clifford, k.c.m.g.
Confidential Cleric, €250-10-00 ana £60 Lagos Secretariat allowance
Lieutenant-Governors and Administrator.
Lieutenant-! inre rum , Sftiith'eru Provinces, and Admbiistratbr <>j th<
Colony, ££fiOO ami £600 duty pay.
A. G. Boyle, c.m.i;.. C.B.E.
Lieutenant-Governor, $6rthi rn Provinces, £2,000 and £400 duty pay.
H. S. Goldsmith. C.M.G.
Private Seen tain, -LWO.
Captain .1. E, (V tjangham. w.r.
vi
vu
Secretariat.
Central,
Centred Secretary, €800-25-1 fiOO and tduo duty pay.
D. C. Cameron, c.m.<;.
First Assistant Secretaries, 4500-20-^00 and -Lino duty pay.
W. Scott Evans. | G. 0. Nugent.
Stm/id Assistant Secretaries, £400-20-500 and €80 duty }>ay.
T. St. C. Harrison. | H. B. Butler.
Junior Assistant Secretaries, £300-15-400.
R. de M. Young.* j A. 0. Barns.*
W. Nash.*
South i;i;\ PROVINCES and COLONY. Xorth El!N PROVINCES.
Secretaries.
£800-25-11)00 and £100 duty pay. £10g-25.-WO and id 40 duty pay.
H. C. Moorhouse, G.M.G., d.s.o. j (;. R. Matthews.
First Assistant Secretaries- £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay.
E. W. Cocks. B. Hodges.
C. T. Lawrence.
Second Assistant Secretaries, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
J. St. V. Hand.
H. 0. S. Wright,
H. de B. Bewley.
F. A. Clinch.
M. J. de la P. Beresford.
H. M. Irwin.
Examiner. Native Treasury Accounts, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
j F. le C. Belmar.
Junior Assistant Secretaries, £300-1 5-400.
G. V. Evans.* I A. D. Hamlvn.
L. H. Boileau.* W. H. Sykes.
Lt. E. K. Milbourne.* R. L. Payne.
E. C. Pickwoad.
Confidential Clerks. £250-15-400.
A. C. E.Darke, iu.m. |
* Receives £60 per annum Laffos Secretariat Allowance.
Vlll
Political and Administrative.
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces.
First Class Resident*. £800-25-/. 000 and 01tiO ditty pay,
R. A. Roberts.
Dr. J. C. Maxwell, c.m.i;
J. Watt.
Capt. U. F. H. Ruxton.
W. F. (lowers, c.m.g.
F. B. Gall.
E. J. Arnett,
H. R. Palmer.
Second Class Residents, £630-25-700 and £120 duty pap,
W. E. B. Copland-Crawford.
Captain W. G. Ambrose. m.c.
H. M. Donglas.
R. D. N. Raikes.
P. V. Young.
Captain W. A. Ross.
Captain A. W. Butterworth.
E. D. Simpson.
R. Hargrove.
J. Davidson.
S. W. Sproston.
Major H. D. Larvmore. c.m.c
Capf Gr. Anderson.
E. C. Duff.
Major W. H. Browne. D.s.o.
G. W. Webster. m.b.E.
Capt. J. M. Freniantle. M.i',. E
J. C. C. P. Sciortino.
E. (>. M. Dnpigny.
K. Y. Elphinstone.
G. Malcolm.
C. 0. Migeod.
Or. X. Yertue.
Capt. P. Lonsdale.
s. McG. Grier.
First Class District Officers. £.-,00-20-600 a„d £100 duty pay,
C. Hornby-Porter.
A. L. C. Laborde.
R. B. Brooks.
T. W. Dann.
Major H. 0. Swanston.
F. Hives.
Captain A. R. Mvtton.
H. P. Chamley. :
P. A. Talbot/
.Major H. R. H. Crawford.
W. Buchanan Smith. y\.<\
E. B. Dawson.
T. F. Carlyle,
C. Wiiditwick.
D. Cator.
F. Dwver.
Capt. C. F. Gordon.
Lt.-Col. H. D. Foulkes.
E. H. B. Laing.
Capt. F. F. W. Bvng-Hall.
R. McAllister.
H. de C. Matthews.
H. S. W. Edwardes.
M. L. Liddard. m.c.
A. C. Francis.
A.C. G.Hastings.
G. S. Browne.
Captain EL L. Kforton-Traill
G. J. F. Tomlinson.
Major H. C. Hall,
IX
Southern Provinces.
Northern Provinces.
Second ( 'lax* District Officers, £4dO-2()-,50Q 4ml £80 duty fay.
W. W. Stubbs.
E. C. Palmer.
F. H. Engles„
Captain BL S BiUTOugri.
Licit. E. M. Falk.
AY. B. Rumanii.
W. H. Cooke.
J. ML I -.lien.
15. (i. Wood.
F. L. Tabor.
F. B. Adams.
N. C. Dunean.
F. H. Rosedale.
Captain J. G. Lyons.
F. P. Lvneh.
Captain1 R. V>T. F. Cotgrave.
Commr. F. S. Rising, R.N,
P. J. Gardner.
F. N. Ashley.
E. W. P. Birch.
Captain E. B. Wauton.
W. E. Hunt.
H. B. Hermon-Hodge.
H. M. Brice-Smith.
C. M. Dunn.
H. 0. Lindsell.
P. de Putron.
J. D. Thomson.
H. W. Cowper.
A. L. Weir.
H. F. Mathers.
Captain J. X. Smith.
H. B. Ryan.
Lieut. A. Campbell-Irons.
M. P. Porch.
Commr. B. E. M. Waters, u.\.
L. H. E. Blake.
J. H. C. Elder.
Captain G. Seccombe. .
A. H. Groom.
Major C. A. Booth.
S. H. P. Vereker.
H. E. W. Bovill.
J. F. J. Fitzpatrick.
R. S. Chapman.
R. S. Smith. R.N,
Captain E. A. Brackenbury
Major F. Edgar.
Lieut. -Commr. J. C. O.
Clarke, r.n.r.
C. A. Woodhouse.
E. St. C. Stobart.
Major T. A. G. Budgen, m.c.
W, D. K. Mair.
H. fl. Middleton.
T. H. Haughton.
C. E. Bovd. k.n.
Captain A. H. D. Paul.
G. L. Monk.
Y. Kirkpatrick.
T. C. Newton.
H. F. Backwell
H. Morgan-Owen.
J. B. I. Mackay.
Lt.-Col. G. L. Uniacke. u.s.o.
Assistant District Officers, £300-1 5-4')0.
R. H. J. Sasse.
R. W. M. Dundas.
H. G. Aveling.
(i.S. Hughes.
J. G. Lawton.
O. W. Firth.
G. H. Findh.v.
A. R. Whitman.
J. W. C. Rntherfoord.
H. B. James.
J. H. M. Molyneux.
G. J. Lethem.
V. F. Biscoe.
H. A. Prankei'd.
G. McGregor.
P. R. Diggle.
E. S. Pembleton.
C. C. Gerahty.
Southern Provinces.
Northern Provinces.
AasistcuU District Officers. £300-15-400 — continued.
M. Maclaren.
A. R. W. Livingstone.
J. S. Ross.
M. D. H. Lyon.
M. MacGregor.
A. E. F. Murray.
Captain H. Webber.
H. T. B. Dew.
G. E. Murphy.
H. L. Ward-Price.
Capt. P. E. M. Richards.
R. H. Lapage.
Cpt. G. N. Heathcote. MX?;, r.e
R. L. Archer.
J. H. Kirk.
H. D. La Mothe.
F. S. Purchas.
J. H. Dodds.
Lieut. D. S. Cook.
Cpt. J. H. B. de Montmorency,
Captain B. W. Macpherson.
H. Maddocks.
B. M. Carkeek.
H. M. Lloyd.
K. A. B. Cochrane.
L. H. Shelton.
G. G. Shute,
E. J. Price.
M. D. W. Jeffreys
M. E. Howard.
H. F. M. White.
F. Ferguson,
W. H. Llovd.
Lieut. E. R. Palmer*
Capt. J. Ashley*
Lieut. E. H. Huftan*
A. A. des V. Ewihg.
Capt. J. H. C. Simpson, m.c.
., E. J. A. Kelly, m.c.
M. H. Martindale.
Lt. E. Saxon.
M. C. Greene.
C. N. Monsell.
C. K. Meek.
H. Cadman.
Lieut.-Commr. D. Greig, h.\.
K. L. Hall.
C. J. Chavtor.
E. V, R. ilae.
Lieut. J. H. G. Smyth.
B. A. Finn.
H. N. Xevins.
A. J. L. Car v.
A. E. Cadcll.'
G. G. Feasev.
F. de F. Daniel.
Lieut, A. E. Miller.
T. M. Morton.
W. O. P. Rosedale.
R, S. Davies.
L. S. Ward.
N. J. Brooke.
C. W. Izard.
G. C. Whitelev.
C. R.' Walker.'
J. R. Paterson.
B. R. Lawrence.
W. M. Hyne.
A. E. Vere-Walwvn
E.G. Bryan.
E. T. Henderson.
Lieut. P. J. Harris*
.. D. M. H. Beck*
E. W. Thompstone. m.c
Capt. P. E. Lewis, M.C.
., J. H. Carrow
Lt. F. B. Carr.
Act iiii.'.
XI
Judicial.
Chief Justice, £1,600 arid £320 ($uty pap.
R. M. Combe.
Puisne Judges, £1,000 and £200 (hit// pay.
A. R. Pennington, K.C. J. E. Green.
A. F. C. Webber.
Police Magistrates.
Police Magistrates, £500-20-000 and £100 duty pay.
J.C.Cotton. A. D. A . Macgregor. W. C. Huggard.
Station Magistrates, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
H. S. Berkeley. J. Aitken.
Major W. Birrell-Gray. W. Morgan.
Legal.
.Attorney-General, £1,400 and £280 duty pay.
E. Greenwood.
Legal Ad risers, £600-25-700 and £120 duty pay.
J. M. M. Dunlop. M. L. Tew. J. C. Craven.
Crown Prosecutor. £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay.
E. G. Smith.
«
Treasury.
Treasurer, £1,000-50-1,200 and £200 duty pay.
D. 8. MacGregor
Assistant Trfflsurefa, £6&oy25s7l)Q and £T20 duty pay.
J. H. D. Bratt.
Treasury Assistants, 1M Grade, £$O0^0r6OV and £100 duty pay
J. A. P. Lambert. T. B. Phillips.
C. W. Leese.
Tivasitry Assistants, 2nd drade. £400-20-50(1 and £80 duty pat/
J. F. Blake lev. H. P. Fyfe.
(i. F. Price. ' S. MeCullagh.
A. H. Hodges. C. R. E. Munro
Trrdsiiril Assisla)tts. :',r<l (,'ntih . £300~15-4()0.
R. W. Nixon. R, 1). Johnson.
(t. W. (ribhs. H. L. (Yudgington.
B. M. Drayton. ('apt, 8. R, Marlow*
A. L. Darrell. (/apt. L. Tester, m.c.
W. S. Phillips. R. J. d'Arcy.
A.'M. Bury.
Customs.
Comptroller of Customs, £000-25-1 joo and eiso duty pay.
T. F. Burro wes. c.n. k.
tiolfectp'rs, 1st Gpdde, £600^-700, and £i 20 duty pay.
S. C. 0. Pontifex. W. K. Duncombe.
Coll ft -tors, 2nd (inule. £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay,
J; D. Milne-Stewart. C. H. Chambers
Supervisors, 1st Grade, £4o0-20-~>oo and £$0 duty pay.
\. V. S. Solomon. J. Cowper.
C. J. E. P. Austin. E. R, Vassall-Adams.
(J. C. McF. May. -I. I). P». Sealy.
Siiperrisors, 2nd (,' raid . £300-15-400.
K. S. Martin. X. H. Cox.
.1. E. Messer. E. C. B. Bonvuii.
W. F. OTooIr C. D. Blaym'v.
W. Moves. F. A. Makin.
E. N. Howl.tt. ('. K. 0. Everett.
Gapt .1. L, Thorbnrn. Lt. Comnir. A. Purdon. u.n.k.
A. ML .larvis.
Aftiug.
kin
1 1 TiarjiHgen, £ 250-1 0-300
F. T. Wadliam.
Audit.
Auditor, £70<> 25-UOO and £140 duty pay.
C. A. Pickwoad.
Deputy Auditor, £ 500-20 600 and £100 duty pa//.
K. J. Douglas.
Senior Assistant Auditors, £400-20-500 and £80 ditty pa//.
H. St. J. Sheppard, M.r-.i:. S. W. Dunn.
A. W. Brown. H. Gusli.
F. G. Langley.
Assistant Auditors £300-15-400.
J. D. M. Bourne. E. A. Stoodley.
H. C. G. Bridger. A. G. Still.
C. E. de B. Biden. F. W. P. Kingdom.
H. H. S. Cheeseman. C. J. Montague.
M. H. Matthews. E A.Miller.
A. A. Allen. A. F. B. Howard.
Printing.
Gore.rnment Printer, £400-20-500 and £80 duty ]>ay.
W. H. de Bolt/.
Senior Assistant Printers. £300-10-350.
J. Williams. J. A. Blair.
Assistant Printers, £250-10-300.
E.J.Taylor. D.Sutton. H. Dunion.
European I' 'roof ' Ueader, £250-10-300.
J. S. Stewart.
Marine.
Director of Marine. £1,000-50-1,200 and £200 duty pay,
Lieut.-Com. J. Percival, d.s.o., k.j>., k.n.k.
Assistant Director, £700-25-800 and £140 duty pay.
Commander A. B. Crosse, r.d., r.x.k.
XIV
Superintendent Engineer, £600.25-800 nd £120 dvty pap.
Senior Marine Officers, 1st Grade, £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay.
Lieut.-Com. C. Elliott, k.n.i;.
Lieut.-Com. C. H. E. Crosthwait, r.n.r.
Commander H. C. V. B. Cheetham, D.S.O., R.D., R.N. it.
Commr. R. H. W. Hughes, c.s.i.. c.M.G.j d.s.o., r.d., r.n.r.
Senior Engineers, £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay...
M. Fitzpatrick, M.B.k J. F. Alder.
Sento? Marine Offiers, 2nd Grade, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
Lieut.-Com. J. D. Wilson, r.n.r.
Lieut.-Com. A. Greenstock, r.n.r
Lieut. A. R. P. Martin, r.n.r.
Engineers, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay
A. E. Furlong. J. H. Walton. L. J. Govier.
Official Pilot, £400-20-500 p.a.
Lieut. M. McD. Kennelly, r.n.r.
Official Pilot, £300-10-350 p.a.
H. G. M. Cheetham.-
Dmgpet and Builder, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
A. B. Watford,
Marine Officers. £300-15-400.
Lieut.-Com. J. Burn. R.N.R. Lieut.-Com. E. P. Nosworthy,
.1. H. Kairweather, k.n.i;. R.N.R.
L. J. Hall, k.n.i:. W. F. Pearce, R.N,R.
A. W. Hunt. k.n.i:. E. M. Hawkins, n.s.o..
„ A. S.Woodward, k.n.i;. R.N.R,
Lieut. A. W. Hughes, k.n k. Lieut. C. J. Webb, r.n.r.
Lieut.-Com, ft. II. Roias, R.N.R. . Lieut.-Com. F. H. Drake Clarke.
Ouuinr. H. A. Edwards. k.i>.. k.n.k. R.N.R,
Lieut. \V. 1\ .Maiden. K.N.K.
\ \
Assistant Engineers, £300-1$ loo.
W. J. Lapper. L. J. 'Lee.
T. B. Dawson. J. H. Inglis.
J. Sullivan. E.D.Walker.
J. Foggitt. J- (t. Trehearn.
G. A. Smeaton.
Chief Accountant, £500 ?0 600 and £100 duty pay.
Adcoiiiikmt, 4-400-20-5O0 und £W diifaj pay.
E. X. Follwell.
Assistant Accountants, 1st Grade, £350 10 400.
J. A. Browneli. A. F. Seymour.
C. S. Boney. G\ j. Pringle.
Assistant Acconiitants, 2nd Grade., £300-1 6-$ $0.
H. J. Morley.
Chief Storekeeper, £350-10-400 and £60 duty pay.
W. C Fairhurst.
Assistairt Accountant*, 3rd Grade, £250-10-300.
W. J. Worthy. M. R. Harris. W. J. Harrow
Setiiar Foremen, £300-10-330.
A. E. Turner. ' E. J. Thompson.
M. A. Postance. R. C. Clarke.
W. Bailey. W. J. Ross.
E. G. Knights.
Sfatigatirig Masters. £300-15-4-00.
T. Evans. A. T. Richmond.
V. Downthwaite. A. J. Wright.
B. A. Barber.
Chief Engineers, anil Dredijintj Masters, £300-15-^00
J. Vowell. W. -Robertson.
G.F.Porter. T. J.Davies.
Engineer Bredgpiy Staff, £3Qd±l 5-400,
<\ Wrightson.
XVI
Police.
Southern Provinces.
TnspectorrGeiieral of Police,
£700-25-900 and £140 duty pcty.
C. W. Duncan.
Northern' Provinces.
ItumectoK-General of Pdiioe,
£600^5-7;00 and £120 duty jxi//.
Captain A. E. Johnson, n.s.o.
Co I
mcrs. Id Gvake, £500-20-600 dnd £100 dutij yap:,
T. F. R. Parry.
Captain C. W. Moore.
Captain F. S. Merrick.
Captain A. G. Uniacke. n.s.o
CaMmissio?^ 2nd Grade, £4')0-20-500 and £&0 dutp \>a,j.
R. G. Bracken. I Captain F. A. E. Godwin
H. D. L. Rawles.
Captain G. H. Walker, n.s.o.
K. M. Leslie.
F. W. Garvey.
J. Chartres.
Captain G. H. Burnside.
J. Radcliff .
E. W. Dix.
. I ssistant Comnutyioiiers-, £o0t)-h>-400.
Captain O. A. Johnston.
J. Owens.
R. C. Cavendish.
Captain R. D. Nunns.
F. J. Slolev.
Captain H. W. R. Armstroi
M.(
G. B. Jennings.
R. A. H. Worthani.
A. W, Nolan.
Major G. L. D. Rewcastle.
UJ.
Major R. V- Ellis.
Captain W. i. Wait-op
L. W. La Chard.
T. Stone.
Capt. A. K. Rick
G. TL Farrell.
S. H. Grantham.
F. B, Smith.
Lt. C. J. S. Etyley, m.< .
Capi E. G. Nottingham; ma
Superintendent*, £250-10-300.
R. Roddick.
T. ML Jukes
Prisons.
Director of Prisons.
The Inspector-General of Police. The Inspector General of Police.
Deputy Director of Prions, £:,<>0-yi-0o0 and £100 duty pay.
E, .Jackson.
Senior guperinieu<1ent} <-><><> I ft *>' *»r< ^ »[<>"!> ^- eSOOJtySQ
and £6( '"" ■■''
W. Reedcr
•iron,
XVI)
Soutrkrn Provinces. Northern Provinces.
SuperiittemUrttM, £.250jO-3(H).
T. J. MacFadven. Captain W. E. Beamish.
A. H. Cole. J. F, Cahill.
C. C. Coblev.
H. T. Robinson.
H. A. Bradshaw.
Forestry.
Central.
Director of Foists, £1 ,000-50-1,200 and £200 duty put/.
H. N. Thompson.
Senior Conservator of Forests, £600-25-800 and £120 duty pay.
Southern Proyimks. Xokthei:n Provinces.
Senior Cbnstorvuiors of Forests.
£700-25-900 and £140 duty pay. £000-25-800 and £120 duty pay
E. W. Foster. J. H. J. Farquhar.
Conserrators of Forests. 1st (frade £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay.
P. Hitchens.
Conserrators of Forests. 2nd Arade, £-400-20-500 and £SO duty pat/.
L. A. King-Church. B. E. B. Shaw.
C. F. Yetch. • E. C. V. G-ilman.
H. J. Sankey.
Assistant Conserrators of Forests, £300-15-400.
J. Bunny. I . H. V. Lely.
S, Lauchlan.
R. D. Robertson.
H. C. Tebbutt.
D. J. Waters.
Lt. F. Cornish.
European Forester. 1st (•'rode. £-3()0-lO-j5O.
J. Fidler.
Agriculture.
Director of A'jrirdt „ re. £(i'>)-->5-£S<)0 and £120 duty pay.
W. H. Johnson. P. H. Lamb.
Assistant Director. €500 <iud £100 ditty pay.
A. H. Kirby.
F//toi//oIoi/ist, £400-20r5VO and £SO ilniy pay,
A. W. Jobbins-Pomerov. M.B.E,
XV111
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces.
Mycologist, £400-20-500 and £S0 duty pay.
Superintendents of Agriculture, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pan.
F. J. Evans. K. T. Rae.
A. J. Findlay.
Assistant Su]>erintendents of Agriculture, £300-15-400.
H. G. Burr,
T. Thornton.
R. Nicol.
L. A. Wainwright.
T. Laycock.
A. R. Bell.
C. Warren.
Curator*, £250-10-300.
Veterinary Branch.
Chief Veterinary Officer, £(100-25-700 and £120 duty pay.
■F.R.Brandt,
Veterinary Officer, £400-20-500.
| G. E. Owen.
Medical.
Central.
Director of the Medical and Sanitary Serri<<\ 11, 4"° p. a. and
£2S0 duty pay.
T. Hood, c.m.c.
Government Dentist, £500-25-700.
H. F. Hardie.
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces.
Principtd Medical Officer^ Principal Medical Officer,
£1.200 and £240 duty pay. £1 JOO and £220 duty pay.
Major W. H. G. H. Best. J. A. Pickels.
Deputy Principal Medical Officer*. £000-25-1 ,0<)0 and £130 duty pay.
H. B. S. Montgomery.
J. A. Clough.
Lieut.-Col. E. A. Chartres.
Provincial Medical Officers, €800-25-900 and M60 duty }>ay.
W. I. Taylor. W. II. A Gordon-Hall.
J. W. Collett. C. E. 8. Watson.
XIX
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces
Settlor Medical Officers, $400-25-150 and £120 dtip pay.
G. R. Twomey.
W. F. Rfacfarlkne.
T. B. Adam.
J. B. Bate
G. Hiirigerford.
E. H. Tipper.
Gr. B. Norman.
Medical Officers, £600-25
duty pay ; and I' 400
D. A. Ashton.
J. C. Franklin.
J. S. Smith.
J. J. Moore.
E. E. Maples.
E. J. Tvnan.
A. H. Wilson.
T. M. R. Leonard, n.s.o.
T. L. Craig.
J. H. McKay.
H. R. Morehead, m.c.
A. E.Neale.
G. Wilson.
S. L. G. D. Maclaine.
T. H. Snffern.
E. M. Franklin.
W. S. Clark.
T. H. Rankin.
C. W. O'Keefe.
W. H. Sieger.
W. H. Peacock.
G. F. Forde.
G. H. Gallagher.
F. Ross.
C. G. Grey.
J. P. B. Snell.
L. H. Booth.
E. L. Sieger.
A. F. Kennedy.
R. H. Brierley.
E. C. Braithwaite.
H. R. M. Ferguson.
W. I. Martyn-Clark.
E. J. J. Quirke.
E. J. Powell.
C. Kelsall.
Captain E. L. Anderson.
T. R. Sandeman, M.r
W. R. Parkinson.
K. K. Grieve.
D. T. Birt.
W. E. Glover.
H. G. McKinney.
J. Currie.
H. R. Ellis.
750 and £500-25-000 and £100
-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
R. F. Williams, m.c.
B. Moiser.
C. W. McLeay.
J. M. W. Pollard.
W, A. Trumper.
E. J. Porteous.
J. Lindsay. °
W. A. Nicholson.
H. C. Jeffreys.
G. Rollason.
A. J. M. Crichton.
L. W. Davies.
B. J. Courtney.
B. A. Percival.
J. W. Thomson.
R. Willan.
W. G. Cobb.
W. B. Johnson.
R. H. Nolan.
P. W. Black.
J. C. C. Hogan.
B. W. F. Wood.
H. North.
W. E. S. Digby,
J. T. Watt.
J. R. C. Stephens.
XX
Southern Provinces.
Northern Provinces.
Medial Ofrirer*. £f;oi >--?:> -7 -,<, ,,mf £:>(><>-i>:>-<>Oi) and £100
duty pay : and £400-20 -',()<> mid £so duty pay.
!
H. H. Stewart.
J. W. B. Hanington.
A. R. Paterson.
E. Gibson, six*.
C. J. B. Pasley.
C. Mackev.
Native Medical Officers, two at £36O*10iWQ a.u'd tltreeat £300-W-:j6o
11 1, ii se (tlloinnirc, £40.
O.O. Sapara.
K. Faderin.
A. L. Oluwole.
I. G. Cummings.
Hospital Dispieuser, £780 und 5s. per diejn subsists /ice aHotr.auce.
Nursing Staff.
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces.
Senior Nyr'shig Sister*, £2oo-io-2:>0 and £40 duty pap.
Miss M. M. Graham Miss E. F. Dunne.
.. J. McCotter. .. G. Coupe.
.. E. K. Neville, k.k.c
.. L. M. Single.
.. J: Y. Mathews.
.. E. M. Phillips.
Xmsex, £100-10-1 ■)() mid ~)s. per aiem subtiiHeujcf aUmrguiqe
Miss E. M. Keillor.
.. E. (/Sullivan.
Mrs. Wainwright.
Miss W. B. Allen.
.. M. M. Smith.
.. R. E. Nicholas. i;.i;.t .
.. G. L. Bayiies.
.. M. Davit't. i:.::.(.
.. f. A. Marr.
.. E. O'Hara.
F. A. King.
Miss I). O. A. Rolfs.
.. L. Mernagh.
.. E. Parker.
.. A. (i.Sliee.
L. Sutton.
XXI
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces.
Sanitary.
Senior Sanitary Offiefs, £9W-£6-lJ)Qp and £180duty pay.
\\. A. Foy. M. C.Blair.
Sanitary Officers, £7oo-25-son m/d £'140 (hit// pay.
(J.J.Pirie. ! W. J. D. Inness.
Medical Research Institute.
Director and Bacteriologists, £COO-25-SOO and £120 duty pa//-
A. Connal.
lisSisfaM />a,i< rin/nyisf. iJ 500 -'25-0OO and £100 duty /><t</ and £100
staf pay.
Mines.
Chief Inspector of- Mines. £600-25-800 and £120 duhj pay.
E. A. Langslow-Oock.
Deputy Chief Inspector of M'm&s, £500-20-000 and £IW ditty pay.
R. G. Williams.
///spec/or* ofJfines, £400-20-500 mid £80 duty pa//.
J. B. S. Henderson. A. H. Mottram.
M. Whitworth.
A. T. Roberts.
W. J. Russell.
Chaplaincy (Lagos).
Colonial Chaplain, A/jOO-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
Rev. L. S. Noble.
xxu
Lands.
(Southern Provinces and Colony).
Commissioner of Lands, £500-20-600 and £100 duty put/.
C. W. Alexander.
Assistant Commissioner of Lands, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pot/.
Assistant Commissioner of Lands, £300-15-400.
F. E. Knapp.
Education.
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces.
Director of Education, £600-25 800 and £120 duty pan.
H. J. Hyde-Johnson. H. Vischer, c.n.i:.
Chief Inspector, £500-20-600 and €100 duly pa;/.
H. Cam* I
Inspectors and School masters.
£400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
F. H. Harward.
C. A. Cummins.
J. A. de Gaye
Inspectors and Schoolmasters,
£300-15-400.
T. Hyde.
H. J. Davidson.
W. R. C. Adcock.
Senior S/iperi,/te//dcnfs. £400-20-500
and i'SO duty pay.
F. M. Urling Smith.
H. H. Annetts.
H. C. Brooks.
Junior Superintendents £300-15-400.
I C. B. Smith.
G. A. J. Bienemann.
A. A. M. Ishcrwood.
A. Fleming.
Rev. G. P. Bargery.
P. F. Herbert.
M. W. Oakes.
H. B. Gibson.
T. J. Cronshaw.
G. Power.
H. H. K. Worslev
C. R. Butler.
H. W Coir.
Kino's Coi.i.i: .k Staff
Capt. V. W. Tavlor.
S. W. Walker. .
Principal, £500 p.a. and
C. G. Howard.
£100 duty pay.
E. L. Mori
T. S. Phillips
W. EJ. Nicholson.
Science ami Mathematics Master.
S. L. Price.
£350-15-400 p.a.
* Seconded to Political ivpnrtnnnt as Provincial GommU&ioner or the Colony,
XXU1
Southern Provinces. Northern Provinces
Master, £oOO-15-400
1) L Kerr.
Technical tnstructors £300-10-3 50.
F. A. Bemiuster.
Surveys.
Deputy Director of Surveys Chief. Surveyor.
£5od-2O-0()0 p. a. and €100 duty pay'.
A. Cieminsbn. A. S. Oollard.
Surveyors, 1st Grade, £ loo-20-5()0 p',a\ and £80 duty pay.
Li. L. Drouyn. C. La T. Franks.
T. J. Waters. Captain C. G. Evans, h.e
S. Boulderson.
Surveyors^ 2nd Gradex £300-1^^400 p.a.
8. R. J. Kingston. W. K. Robertson.
R. A. L. P. Hurt. W. F. Mindham.
H. J. Woram. E. W. J. Edwards.
H. Morphy. J. H. Cuthbertson.
Surreyors, 3rd Grade, £250-10-300.
Q. G. Crook.
R. R. Rowland.
Public Works.
Director of Public Works,
£900-25-1,000 and £180 duty pay. £S00-25-l,000 and £160 duty pay.
H. F. Peet: |
Executive Engineers, 1st Grade, £000-25-700 and £120 duty pay.
W. E. May.
J. D. Bathgate
E. W. Oborne.
J. E. Selander.
Executive Engineers;, 2nd Grade, £500-20-000 and £100 duty pay.
A. J. Goodwin. G. L. Harvey.
H. C. Huggins. S. C. Hanson,
Xxiv
Southern Provinces.
Northern Provinces.
Assistant Emj'tneerx. 1st (Trade. £4<M)-20-&()Q and £'<W duty pa//.
F. T. Jones.
G. A. Broun.
A. R. Milliken.
E. F. W. Mayhow.
F. S. Rdbinsou,
O. deRosario.
R. A. Lloyd.
H. S. Meilandt.
P. A. Anderson.
A. Dixon.
AmistfUtt E/if/hteers, 2nd Grade. £300^15-400.
E. (\ Phillipo.
E. G. 8. Yaughan.
A. W. Tyson.
W. Blackshaw.
E. R. Kendrick.
J. McGregor.
R. A. Brown.
R. A. Webb.
H. M. Peppercorne.
D. Elliot.
J. Johnson.
FJevinad Kiajhivcw /:4')O-2i)-')O0 and L%7 did;/ pa;/.
G. L. Hales.
Ayx'/Max?. FJc trJca! Eii'i'meer*. Hi (irad(. '.'■') ')0-t ft i'ti),
T. Davidson.
W. K. Duncan.
AsaistnM Efeetrkrttl Em/mea-*. 2nd (> radc. £'30O-1O-35'O
A. V. Lavton.
F. Tvrrell.
C: R, Ward,
Arrhdert. £400-20-500 and L'SO dnt;/ pa;/.
F. D. Fov.lei-.
Accountanf. Is/ (.'radr. £500-20?GOQ and £100. dnt ;/ pa;/.
F. Day Barker. |
S(>1 "THKC.V I'koNFXCI'.S. NORTHERN PftOYlNCKS.
Accon/i/d/its, 2nd (fhule, €400 SO-500 and £80 ditty pa//>
F. 0. Fflrquhar. .J. (J-. Kirk.
Assistant Accountants, 1st Grade, £-^n)-U\- frOO.
F. W. Dun. .:. Stewart.
Assistant Accountants, :2nd (iradr, £300-lp£3l>0,
i). W. Patrick. C.W. Dunnill.
A. II. Morrison. (jr. Norman.
Assistant Aecimntants and S/o • <'!>< epcrs, 3rd ( 1 fade. £2oO-W-3()0.
R. .;. MeFvov. ' J. F. Uonner.
F. W. (Jarnctt. G. D. Stockwell.
Mrrhaniral Emji neers, £350-10-4 ')(),
F. F. Spooner.
Ohief I'n in i>er, Waterworks. £-i~>0-U)-.'iOO.
F. Handrorth.
Assi:<td n I Pumpers. Waterworks; ±-;ot}-]< >-','>(>.
.;. W. Brown. !
J. W. Barker.
!.l/;// Foremen, €300-10-3 5<J.
F. F. Riol.y.
,G. P. Webber
litxptcfor* of wv.fk*i Ixt Orafo, £3<miO-30s
H. Harris. J. Both well.
L. D. Street. S. Rhode:-
A. Wills.
( '. A. Brown.
AV. Williams.
R. P. F. ODrisc.ll.
J. L. Hnrford.
Posts and Telegraphs.
Post master-General. £70Q-25j-Q00 mill £14<> duty )><t//.
J. Somerville.
Assistant Postmaster-General, £600-25-700 and £120 dut ij paiji
H. M. Woolley.
Enyineer-iu-Chicj . _ir,/)ih,Ja-S0O ami S120 duty pay.
P. B. Lawson.
Assistant Emjineer-in-Ctiief, £5Q02()-60Q and £100 duty ]>oij.
G. B. Hebden.
XXVI
Accountant. 2nd Griffte, £400-20-500 and £86 duty pay,
G. F. Sharp.
Assistant Accountant, 1st Grade. £350-10-400.
F. J. Hughes.
Assistant Accountant's, 2nd Grade, £300-10-350.
S. E. Avery. C. P. Gibson
Divisional Surveyoi% £500-20-900 and £100 duty pay,
W. T. Storm. G. J. Rightou.
Sitrveydr, £400-20^500 and £80 duty pay.
W. A. Flacke. L. Bettesworth.
AMstanl Snrreyors, £300-15-400.
G. F. Mason. P. R. Smith.
W. J. O'Hara. L. A. Harcourt.
A. C. Parker.
Superintending Engineer, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
H. W. Bennett.
J. Robertson.
Engineers, £300-15-400 and £60 duty pay to tiro.
F. J. Head. T. Brandon.
C. E. Hare. C.J. O'Callaghan.
G. D. Rousseau.
Inspectors and Mechanicians, 1st Grade, £300-10- >■'»().
F.'Pugh. B, L). Gledall.
R. Heaps. <). .Jones.
A. E. Blatt-hfonl. .). McCreath;
XXV11
Director of Railways and Works.
Director 0 ' kailwuys and Works, LI, 6<)0-50-l,SOO and €300 duty pay.
Vacant.
Nigerian Railway.
G km: ual.
General Manager, £1,300-50-1,600 and £260 duty pay.
E. M. Bland.
Divisional Super intend€ni {Eastern Division), tloo-.ir>-soo and
±140 duty pay.
A. Graham.
Assistant to General Manager, £600-25-700 and £120 duty pay.
A. G Hubbard.
Office Assistants, 3rd grade, £300-10-350.
I). B. Fox, m.c. A. J. Doe.
Motor Transport.
Motor Transport Officer, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
F. S. Browning.
Assistant Motor Transport Officer, £350-10-400.
F. W. Moorman.
Accounts.
Chief Accountant, £700-25-900 and £140 duty pay.
C. A. Cuningham.
Accountants, 1st grade, £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay.
R. E. Miller. L. E. Llyod.
Accountants, 2nd grade, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
F. J. Finney. N. A. St. J. Firth.
A. Gibbons.
XXVlll
Assistant Accountants, 1st grade, £350-10-400.
J. A. Gieenway. W. W. Hedley.
H. J. Morris. C. Tavlor.
E. J. Carter. O. Wheeler.
H. R. A. Chel u.
Assistant Accountants, 2nd grade, £300-10-350.
A.Baulch. C. B. Meai-s.
A. S. MacDermott. F. S. Lees-Spalding.
D. H. Whitmore. G. H. Culver.
A. L. Angless. A. Gordon Grahame.
H. H. Xorman. R. Y. Whitehead.
Assistant Accountants, 3rd grade, £250-10-300.
H. D. Wvllie. 8. Olivers:
W. Xield. W. C. Marshall.
H. B. Schofield.
Stock Verifiers, £350-10-400.
S. T. Jetferit'-. Captain I). Lees;
Assistant Stock Verifiers, £300-10-350.
A. E. Altrop. , H. Dolby.
Si mux
(thief Stord:< <]>rr. ±U00-2.~,-700 and £120 duty pay.
A. H. Bridgman. '
Storekeepers, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
2 . A. Hawkes. P. F. Gallagher.
Assistant Storekeepers, 1st grade, £350-10-400.
A. T». Campbell. R. G. Bland.
Assistant Storekeepers, 2nd grade, £300-10-350.
11. K. . Johnson. A. \VihU>.
R. M. Hathaway. C. X. In man.
Assistant Storekeepers, 3rd grade, £250-10-300.
W. II. A-very. S. Fairman.
XXIX
Way a\J) W<i.RKS.
Chief Engine*?', -LS00-25-1.000 and £160 duty pay.
V. II. (Jivi'iilioii^h. i>.-.<».
Assistant Chief Engineer, -L 7 ( » >-J5-800 ami ll',<) </"/// i>a\j.
W; C. Bostock.
District Engineers, 1st grade, £600-25-700 and £120 duty pay.
R. M. Haven. A. E. Sandell.
R. C! Sutherland.
District Engineers, 2nd grade, £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay.
W. W. Bishop. A. R. Seymour.
J). Gaskin. G. S. Ghisholm.
H. W. Lawson.
Assistant Engineers, 1st grade, £4-00-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
\Y. Henderson. A. Bain.
.7. H.Bovd. V. St. L. Carter.
J. H. Forbes. S. W. F. Kre'ser.
H. E. Kent. T. M. Arthur.
P. A. T. Wright. W. H. Powell.
Assistant Engineers, 2nd grade, £350-10-400.
A. J. Dolman. G" A. Buchanan.
T. A. Young. J. L. Peddie.
W. H. Thatcher. F. Pike.
Assistant Engineers, 3rd grade, £300-10-350.
W. R. Milliken. E. F. Glister.
H. Wei«himan. E. Shirreifs.
Chief Foremen of Works, £350-10-400.
('. AV. Brooke, 'a. Mackav.
XXX
Foremen of Works, 1st grade, £300-10-350.
D. J. Ryder. J. Gibb.
D. Henderson. W. F. Stevenson.
T. Williams.
Inspecting Foreman Platelayer, £300-10-350.
G. A. Whalley.
Cbtij Signal Foreman, ±o;j0-10-4()0.
F. J. Trezise.
Locomotive.
Chief Mechanical Engineer, £800-25-1,000 and £160 duty pay.
T. O. B. Otway Ruthven.
Assistant Chief Mechanical Engineer, £700-25-800 and £140
duty pay.
E. Turner Smith.
District Locomotive Superintendents, 1st grade, £600-25-700
and £120 duty pay.
W. -White.
District Locomotive Superintendents, 2nd grade, £500-20-600
and £100 duty pay.
R. B. W. Holmes., o.iu:. C. E. Bressev.
J. F. Willans.
Assistant Locomotive Superintendents, 1st grade, £400-20-500
and £80 duty pay.
L. Nell. D. Drayson.
J. Henderson.
Assistant Locomotive Superintendents, 2nd grade, £350-10-400.
F. O. Lyon. A. H. Discombe.
P.M. Egau. J. D. Weir.
F. Blackburn.
XXXI
Chief Locomotive Foremen, £35O-t0 l<><>
Locomotive Foremen, £300-10-850.
H. E. -I oiks. F. G. Lowe.
II. iMvoland. C. R. Evans.
L. A. P. Collier. H. T. Atkins.
H. Li. L. Hamilton. C. Horton.
A. Jones. J. D. Best.
Cr. W. Thompson. D. L. Waddell.
Workshop Foremen, £300-10-350.
C. F. Fennah. J. D. Rimmer.
Carriage and Wagon Shop Foreman, £300-10-350.
F. C. Chamberlain.
Carriage and Wagon Inspectors, £300-10-350.
Foreman Boiler Maker, £300-10-350.
J. W. Booth.
Inspecting Driver, £300-10-350.
W. J. Thatcher.
Traffic.
Traffic Manager, £800-25-1,000 and £160 duty pay.
E. H. Biff en.
District Traffic Superintendent, 1st grade, £600-25-700
and £120 duty pay.
District Traffic Superintendents, 2nd grade, £500-20-600 and
£100 duty pay.
H. B. Haddon-Smith. P. H. Phillips
T. E. Kewley.
xxxn
font Traffic Superintendents, 1st grade, £400-20-500
and £80 duty pay.
A. iv T\att. H. D. Gibson.
F. 0. Willits/ J. A. Oldheld.
Assistant Traffic Superintendents, 2nd grade, £350-10-400.
K. Saver. J. Powter.
Assistant Traffic Superintendents, 3rd grade, £300-10-350.
H. CieU'hton. C H. Graham.
J. W. Fenwick. S. W. Shinn.
F. A. Sheriff. M. C. Wright.
W. G. Dawson, E. A. Ash ton.
G. S. C. Howard. R. A. Morris.
P. J. McKenna.
Traffic Inspectors, £300-10-350.
J. R. Spitzer. G. Alderson.
W. J. Y. Stevens. H. Hodgson.
A. E. Westlake,
District Station Masters, £300-10-350.
CD. Riehal>3s; Gk B. Bail.
J. T. Evans. J. J. Walker.
G. A. C. Laslmry. J. J. Lain-.
J. Moore. H. W. (Yoden.
A. H. Wood.
Warehouse Supervisor, £300-10-350.
G. Waring.
( !oN,*TKVCTION Staff.
District Km/intei . 2nd tirade, M0fc$0-6Q0, and £10() duty pay)
IT. W. Lawson.
AbxixtdNt Etttjitm r. Is/ > , ay.
J. M . (
XXX111
Assistaiit Engineers, 2nd grade, £350-10-400
Chief Foremen of Works, £350-10-400.
a. A. Wileman.
Foremen of Worlcs, 1st grade, £300-10-350.
J. Clowes. W. 0. Chiswell.
Collier?.
Colliery Manager, £700-25-800 and £140 duty pay.
W. J. Leek.
Deputy Colliery Manager and Development Engineer,
£650-25-750 and £130 duty pay.
J. S. Hayes.
Colliery Surveyor, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
J. J. H. Humphreys.
Assistant Surveyor, £300-15-400.
D. G Murphy.
Colliery Engineer, £350-10-400.
G. W. Bertram.
Assi'ataitk AecoQidante and Storekeepers, 2nd grade, £300-10-350.
H. Mackiutosh. S. J. Butler.
Under Managers, 2nd Grade, £300-10-350.
J. W. Hillary. H. Halliday.
XXXI V
Geological Survey.
Director, £800 and £160 duty pay.
J. D. Falconer.
Assistant Geologist, £400-20-500, and £80 duty pay.
Captain R. C. Wilson.
Harbour Works. X
Besident Engineer, £1,140.
f F. A. Pickles.
Assistant Engineer, £660.
J. Ginnell.
Quarry Superintendent, £588.
C.AY. Batten.
Inspector of Works, £516.
AA\H. AAr. Houston.
Lagos Town Council.
Secretary, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
A. AY. S. Rumens.
* Medical Officer of Health. £700-25-800 and £!/,() duty pay.
Engineer, £500-20-600 and £100 duty pay.
Assistant Engineers, £300-15-400.
t R. A. Webb. L. M. G rover.
T Staff engaged on special agreements as to salary. leave &c.
• Seconded from Sanitary Department,
>nded from Public Works Department.
WW
Nigeria Regiment.
Headquarter Stai t.
Commandant , £1,100 and £220 duty pay.
Assistant Commandant, £800 and £160 duty pay.
General Staff Officer, £650 and £130 duty pay.
Brevet Major J. Dare, m.C.
Staff Captain, £500 and £100 duty nay.
Captain C. S. Field. o.b.e.
Staff Quartermaster, £400-20-500 and £80 duty pay.
Captain T. G. Beeton. M.B.E.
Artillery (2 Batteries).
No. 1 Battery. No. 2 Battery.
Captains, £450 and £90 duty pay.
Captain T. A. Vise. m.c. Lieutenant J. N. Hill
Subalterns, £312, £336 or £360.
Lieut. E. W. J. Robinson. Lieut. D. McCorkindale.
A. St. Ct. Colthurst. .. G. T. Crook. M.C;
XXXV 1
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;■-' 5c p fe & £ r- ^ ^ ^ ^ ffi C M »-s H ^ F Q
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^ '• : ■ ■ ' 'P^ '
XXXY111
Mounted Infantry (1 Battalion).
5th Battalion.
Major Commanding, £500 and £144 duty pay.
Major C. M. H. Venour, o.b.e.
Company Commanders, £400 and £48 duty pay.
Captain J. F. Warren.
Adjutant, £400 and £80 duty pay.
Quartermaster, £340.
Subalterns, £300, £325, or £350.
Lieut. J. T. Spender. Lieut. R. G. Fox.
Capt. J. H. G. Smyth. .. R. Carr, M.C., d.c.m.
Lieut, H. Baldwin' L. S. Clinton. M.C,
\ \ \ 1 X
LAWYERS PRACTISING AS BARRISTERS AND
SOLICITORS.
Europeans
Natives
R. F. Irving, Lagos.
J. J. Pcele. ,.
E. Wotton.
a. G. Paul. Calabar.
/
J. E. Shyngle,
K. Ajasa.
E. 0. Moore,
E. J. A. Taylor,
J. T. N. Cole,
M. Abayomi,
M. N. B. Wilson,
J. A. 0. Payne,
M. A. Akinsemoyin, }■ Lagos.
0. Alakija,
A. Alakija.
1. K. L. Doherty,
0. Moore,
A. Folarin,
D. Hagley,
E. J. L. Harrison,
N. W. Holm,
J. W. Maxwell,
A. E. M. Gibson,
S. A. L. Macaulay,
W. A. Savage,
H. H. S. Davies,
J. G. I. Bright, Onitsha.
S. L. H. Bucknor, Warri.
I
Calabar,
NOTARY PUBLIC.
JL Ajasa, Lagos.
xl
The following Medical Practitioners and Dentists have
been registered in addition to the Government Medical
Officers shown on pages xviii to xxi : —
MEDICAL PRACTITIONERS.
A. B. Aitken,
J. A. Caulcrick.
G. M. Gray,
B. J. O. Hoare,
C. C. Adeniyi-Jones,
0. Johnson, Lagos.
S. Kapo,
M R. L. Macaulay,
O. Obasa.
A. Oyejola.
J. Eandle,
M. J. da Rocha.
N. H. Bronnum.
A. J. A. Browne.
M. C. Dippenaar.
A. E. Druitt.
J. C. Fox.
J. W. Hitchcock.
D. Robertson.
R. A. Savage.
J. Wood.
F. M. Wakefield.
P. W. Barnden.
DENTISTS.
E. G. MacLean.
O. C. Arthur.
xIl
PRINCIPAL MISSIONS IN NIGERIA.
Ciirucii ok i in: Anoi.ican COMMUNIpN.
Diocese of Western Equatorial Africa.
Diocesan Bishop Rt. Rev. EI. Tugwell, n.n., Lagos.
Assistant Bishop ... ... Rt. Rev. I. Oluwole, n.n., Lagos.
Lagos District Council, Sec., Rev. T. A. J. Ogunbiyi.
Abeokuta District Council do. Rev. E. W. George.
Ibadau District Council dp. Rev. A. B. Akinyele.
Niger Delta Pastorate,
Chairman ... ... ... The Ven. Archdeacon I). C. Crowther.
Church Missionary Socii:ty.
(Head Office :— Salisbury Square. London, E.C. 4).
Yoruba Mission The Ven. Archdeacon F. Melville
Jones, Oyo.
■Niger Mission ... Rev. S. R. Smith, Onitsha.
Northern Xiger Mission ... T. E. Alvarez. Esq.. Lokoja
Roman Catholic.
Vicariate Apostolic of the j W^4' F- Tiim^ BishoP of GOTdo<
Bight of Benin. ( Re^Schmitt) Lagos
ir> ■ . 1- i±„i'' atxtA** f Rt. Rev. T. Broderick. Bishop of
I icarmte Apostohe of TT estem ! PedneliS) Asaba. • F
At'-?ena [Very Rev. P. Piotin. Asaba.
Prefecture Apostolic of the
Lower Niger ... ... ... Very Rev. J. Shanahan, Onitshu
Prefecture Apostolic of North-
Eastern Nigeria ... ... Very Rev. O. Waller, Shendam.
Wesleyan Missionary Society.
(Head Office :— 24 Bishopsgate,- London, E.C. 2).
Chairman and General Super-
intendent ... ... ... Rev. 0. J. Griffin, Lagos.
Synod Secretary Rev. H. Webster, Ibadan.
xlii
United Free Chukcji of Scotland.
Secretary, Mission Council ... Rev. J. Rankin, Calabar.
Principal, Hope Wad deli
Training Institution... ... Rev. J. K. Macgregor. Calabar.
Sudan Unitkd Mission.
(Headquarters : — 16 New Bridge Street, London. E.C.).
Field Secretary and Superin-
tendent of. British Branch ... H. G. Farrant. Ibi.
Sudan Interior Mission.
(Head Office :— 860 College Street. Toronto, Canada).
Field Director ... G. Playfair..
Secretary A. P. Stirrett. Minna.
African Mission OF THE Southern Baptist
Convention. U.S.A.
(Headquarters Address : — P. 0. Box 1,595', Richmond, Virginia, U.S.A.).
tjocal. Secretary-Treasurer ... Rev. George Green, m.d.. Ogbomosho.
Nigerian Baptist Convention.
President ... Rev. Lajide Tubi.
Secretary Rev. J. R. Williams. Lagos.
:li
Xilll
CHAMBER OK COMMERCE, LACOS.
President :
Mr. A. M. Harvey, Messrs. The Lagos Stores, Ltd.
Vice-Presidents :
Mr. S. Waring, Messrs. W. B. Maelver & Co., Ltd.
Mr. E. Deresse, Messrs. Compagnie Francaise de l'Afrique
Occidentale.
Mr. R. Little, Messrs. Elder Dempster & Co., Ltd.
Honorary Treasuker :
Mr. W. F. Becker, Messrs. The Bank of B.W.A., Ltd.
Secretary :
Mr. J. Wilson, c/o Messrs. Elder Dempster & Co., Ltd., Lagos.
Members :
Messrs. Paterson Zochonis & Co., Messrs.
Ltd.
The Bank of British West
Africa, Ltd.
„ Niger Company, Ltd. „
,, Donald Campbell & Co.,
Ltd.
L. Kelsey.
,, L. Ambrosini.
„ African Oil Nuts Co., Ltd.
Ry lands & Sons, Ltd.
Tin Areas of Nigeria, Ltd.
,, Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
„ J. Walkden & Co., Ltd.
„ G. B. Ollivant & Co., Ltd.
„ Elder Dempster & Co., Ltd.
„ The Lagos Stores, Ltd.
„ H. B. W. Russell & Co., Ltd.
Compagnie Francaise de
FAfrique Occidentale.
The Colonial Bank.
London & Kano Trading
Co., Ltd.
Miller Bros, (of Liver-
pool), Ltd.
O. Gottschalck & Co.
W. B. Maelver & Co., Ltd.
John D. Fairley, Ltd.
British- American Tobacco
Co., Ltd.
John Holt & Co. (Liver-
pool), Ltd.
Dyer & Wintle, Ltd.
Blackstock & Co., Ltd.
African Association, Ltd.
Anglo-Colonial Trading
Corporation, Ltd.
Crombie Steedman & Co.,
Ltd.
A. J. Tangalakis & Co.
Hendersons (Manchester),
Ltd.
Wholesale Co-operative
Society, Ltd:
xliv
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, CALABAR.
President :
Mr. F. C Wainwright, Messrs. The African Traders Co., Ltd.
Honorary Secretary :
Mr. G. Graham Paul, Calabar,
Members ;
Messrs. The African Traders Co., Messrs. Miller Bros., ct Co., Ltd.
Ltd. ,, Calabar Stores.
Paterson Zochonis & Co:, ., John Holt $ Co., Ltd.
Ltd. .. The Anglo French Timber
Elder Dempster & Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd.
,. The Bank of B.W.A., Ltd. .. H. B. W. Russell & (V.
The African Association. Ltd.
Ltd.
THE LOCAL COUNCIL,
NIGERIAN CHAMBER OF MINES.
Chairman ;
Mr. Arthur W. Hooke, Bisichi Tin Mines. Ltd.. and Fonmi
River Tin Mines, Ltd.
A7 ICE --CHAIRMAN' !
Captain W. R. Rumbold, m.c.. Laws, Ru'mbold & Co.
EXECTTTTVE COMMITTEE :
Mi-. F. O'D. Bourke, Naraguta (N) Tin Mines, Ltd.
Mr. A. R. Canning, N.N. (Bauchi) Tin Mines; Ltd.
Secretary :
Mr. M. Craufurd, Niger Co., Mining Department.
Memi;ei,> :
Mr. R. W. Hannam, Naragiita Extended Tin Mines, Ltd.
Mr. H. F. Hueston, Ex-Lands Nigeria, Limited.
Mr. J. Knight, Ninghi Nigeria Tin Mines, Ltd.
Mr. E. C. Powis. Mongu Nigeria Tin Mines, Ltd.
Mr. H. P. Robertson, Dua Nigeria Tinfields, Ltd.
Mr. D. Thomas, Anglo-Continental Mines. Ltd.
Mr. W. E. Thorne, Ropp Tin, Ltd.
The Association of Mining Engineers and Chamber of Mines of
Northern Nigeria was formed in 1910. The body Mas independent of
London.
This association was dissolved and the Local Council was volun-
tarily formed subordinate to the London Chamber on the ITtli of
July, 1912.
XIV
tfAMESOF PRINCIPAL IQCAL REPRESENTATIVES
OK EUROPEAN FIRMS, BANKS, etc.
African Oil Nuts Co., Ltd.
L. Ambrosini
Anglo-Colonial Trading Corporation, Ltd.
Bank of British West Africa, Ltd.
Blackstock & Co.. Ltd.
British Colonial Trading Co
British Nigerian Co., Ltd.
Cie Francaise de FAfrique Occidental
Colonial Bank
Co-operative Wholesale Society. Ltd. ...
Elder Dempster $ Co., Ltd
J. D. Fairley. Ltd
G. Gottschalck & Co.
Grace Brothers & Co., Ltd.
John Holt & Co., Ltd. ..
Jursens Colonial Products
W. F. Bartlett.
S. Nott.
L. Ambrosini.
T. G. H. Brisley.
L. Bernard.
E. Cauvin.
W. F. Becker.
R. H. Mulvey.
G. Noel Piatt,
N. Macdonald.
E. Deresse.
P. Allegre.
B. Woetzer.
H. Raoux.
A. F. G. Walter.
R. G. S. Miller.
J. T. Wagstaffe.
J. R. U. Little.
W. A. E. Evans.
Capt. 0. D. Greaves.
W. Tomlinson.
E. Davidson.
F. B. Jones.
R. S. Gordon.
A Edleston.
. H. F. Taylor.
. F. G. Osborne.
. H. J. Rawlings.
A. Rhodes.
. H. Golding.
A. A. Hadley.
*It ip pegretted that awing 10 the failure of certain firms to supply the
information asked for. this list is by no means complete.
xlvi
NAMES OF PRINCIPAL LOCAL REPRESENTATIVES
OF EUROPEAN FIRMS. BANKS, etc
Lagos Stores, Ltd
London & Kano Trading Co.
McNeil, Scott & Co
Miller Brothers (of Liverpool), Ltd.
Niger Company, Ltd
Nigerian Cold Storage Co.. Ltd.
Paterson Zochonis & Co., Ltd.
Pickering & Berthoud, Ltd.
Pin nock. Ltd.
H. B. W. Russell & Co., Ltd.
Rylands & Sons. Ltd.
John Walkden & Co.. Ltd.
A. M. Harvey.
F. B. Mulford.
T. A. King.
E. Douglas.
W. M. Renwick.
J. Barr.
R. McNeill.
E. S. Robinson.
N. D. Maidman.
F. Brown.
A. E. Price.
A. G. Coles.
W. H. Humphreys.
A. J. Langley.
H. B. Gascoine.
G. Clapham.
G. A. Alivizopulos.
H. C. Halliday.
W. F. Juby.
G. Harris.
A. V. Hodder.
W. T. Hyde.
J. D. Boyd.
A. E. Chaloner.
X I V 1 1
MESSRS. ELDEB DEMPSTER <& Co., LTD.
Passage Rates.
Between Lagos and
Liverpool ...
Dakar
Bathurst
Sierra Leone
Monrovia
Kroo Coast Ports
Cape Palmas
Grand Bassam
Axim, Dixcove.
Secondee and Chama
Elmina. Cape Coast.
Anamaboo. Salt Pond.
Appam and \Yinnebah
Accra and Addah
Quittah and Lome
Whydah and Kotonou
Forcados, Benin,
Bnrntu. Warri, Sapele,
Akassa. Brass. Degema.
Opobo. Bnguma.
Calabar, Fernando Po.
Cameroon and Victoria
Bonny. Port Harcourt
New York...
Porto Novo
£ s. (I.
58 4 G
32 2 9
31 1 9
25 IS 6
19 U 0
12 8 9
10 7 6
8 5 9
8 5 9
4 6
3 3
3 2 <)
6 4 6
69 17 6
1 5 6
Second.
42
22
21
16
12
4
51
Tli ird.
£ s. d. £ s. d.
2G
15
14
10 0
16 3
15 3
12 6 11
8 9 8
G G 6
;> 3 4
4 G 4
4 G 4
3 3 2
2 0 2
1 3
1 0
5 9
4 G
15 9
1 3
3 3 2
0 0 31
15 9
s II
Deck.
9 2
7 5
6 4
5 3
3 12
3 2
3 2 0
2 1 3
2 1 3
1 11 6
1 11 6
4 3 3 2 15 9 1 11 6
1 7 9
Wives of Government Officials and Traders are entitled to return
tickets, available for eighteen months, at a reduction of 25% on the
double single fare, i.e., £87 6s. (,)d. between the United Kingdom and
Lagos.
Passengers' baggage is carried free up to a maximum of 20 cubic
feet in the case of 1st Class and 10 cubic feet in the case of 2nd Class
passengers. Excess baggage is charged for.
HT Rates BETWEEN La<
ins AND THE IGNITED KINGDOM
% s. d.'
5 5 0 per ton.
Palm Oil
Palm Kernels...
3 15 (i
Ground Nuts ...
4 10 0
Mahogany
3 5 0 per scale ton of 13 cwt.
Cotton..,
3 <» 0 per ton of 40 cubic feet.
xl
via
SENIOR OFFICIALS OF NEIGHBOURING
COLONIES.
GOLD COAST.
Governor
Chief Justice
Colonial Secretary
Attorney-General
Treasurer
Principal Medical Officer ...
Chief Commissioner. Ashanti
Sir P. C. Smyly. Kt.
A. R. Slater. c.m.i... < .B.E.
D. Kingdom
S. S. Dayisj .m.g.
T. E. Rice.
Sir F. C. Fuller. r.b.E., C.M.G
Chief Commissioner. Northern Capt. C. H. Armitage. CMlc, D.S.O.
Territories
General Manager. Railway
Director of Public "Works
Comptroller of Customs ...
F. H. Longhurst.
E. H. P. Xicolls. o.b.e.
O. Mitchell.
SIERRA LEONE,
Governor
Chief Justice
Colonial Secretary
Attorney-General
Treasurer
Comptroller of Customs ..
Principal Medical Officer ..
General Manager. Railway
Director of Public Works
R. J. AVilkinson. C.M.G.
SirG. K. T. Purcell. Kt.
A. C. Hollis, c.m.g.
11. A Maude.
E. H. Tweedy.
H. C Morcom.
C A. Copland
THE GAMBIA.
Governor
Judge of the Supreme Court
Colonial Secretary
\er General
Senior Medical Officer
Legal Adviser
Colonial Brigineei
Sir E. J. Cameron. K.C.M.G
Sir F. A. Van der Meulen. Kt.
O.B.E*
W. T. Campbell.
C. Cwvn.
E
Hollis.
INDEX.
Aha 15
Abakaliki 15
okuta ... 2, 7, 10, 15,09, 104
Abinsi ... ... 15
Abuja ... ... ... ... 15
Accounts ... ... ... 41
Accra 68, 126
Addresses of Merchants ... 165
Administrative Officers 86, 112, 115
Administrator 12, 18. 14, 145. 148
Adulteration of Produce ... 26
Advertisements ... 121, 122
Advisory Board 97
Afikpo 2, 7
African Direct Telegraph
Co 44,07,68
-African Hope" 122
African Steamship Co. ... 42
14 African World " 122
Agaie-Lapai ... ... ... 15
Agbor 7
Agricultural Departments... 63
Agriculture ... ... ... 62
Akassa 1,7,33,42,43,48
Akitoye ... 3
Akure ... 15
Alake of Abeokuta 104
Alkali 88,102
Allotments 114
Allowances 114
Amalgamation ... 4, 5, 12
Anchorage Dues ... ... 45
Angola 128
Animals ... ... 62,63,61
Ankpa ... 15
Apapa 43,60,95,96
Appeals 77, 81
Appendices ... ... ... 131
Area of Nigeria ... ... 1, 16
Argungu ... ... ... 15
Arms Licence... ... ... 70, 79
Aro tribe ... ... .... 4
Asaba ... ... ... ... 15
Ashanti 108,126
Assets 72
Assistant District Officers ... 16
Assizes... .,. 81
Association of Civil Servants 118
Asylums ... 94
Attorney-General 13,88
Auctioneers1 Licences ... 70, 78
Audit 123
Awka ... ... 15
Badagri 7
Balance Sheet , 72
Bamenda 15
Banking ... ... ... 3'J
Bank of British West
Africa ... ... ... 39
Bank, Savings 6S
Baptists ... ... ... 11
Baro ... 7
Barometric Pressure ... 8
Barristers 38,88
Barter 18, 40
Bathurst 127
Bauchi ... 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 52
Belgian Congo 128
Benin ... ... 4,7,10,15,57,101
Benin River ... ... 3, 4, 47
Benniseed 24,25.63
Benue 2,47
Berbers 9
'Berlin Conference ... ... 3
Berthage Dues 44
Bida 15,57
Bills 80
Bills of Exchange ... ... 38
Birnin Kebbi ... ... ... 7
Bishops ... ... ... 1.1
Biu 15
Blue Book 121
Boards 91
Boat Train 48,49
Boma 128
Bonny ...6,7,8,33,42,43,48
Bonny River ... 3, 47
Bonus 113, 125
Borgu 15
Bornu 4, 9, 10,15,56, 102
Botanic Gardens 129
Boundaries of Nigeria 1, 4, 12
Brass 7, 15,33,42,43,57
Index — Nigeria Handbook.
Brass Rods 40
British and African Steam-
ship Co 42
British Cotton Growing
Association 57, 63
Buea 15, 106
Buoyage Dues ... ... 44
Bumtu 42. 43
Bush Allowance 114
Cables 67,68
Cable Tariff 192
Calabar 3, 6, 7, 8, 10, 14, 15, 26, 33.
42. 43
Calendar vii
Caracroons 1,2,5, 9, 15, 72, 105,
108, 109. 127
Cape Verde Islands 128
Carriers 5,51,106
Cassava... ... ... ... 62
Cattle 63
Census... 10,11,133
Central Province ... ... 4
Central Secretary 13, 36
Chad " 1
Chambers of Commerce ... 14,26
Chamber of Mines 14
Chang ... ... ... ... 1")
Chargeurs Reunis ... ... 48
Charter of Royal Niger Co. 54
Chief Justice 81
Chiefs, Native ... 16. 102, 103
Children (European) ... 115
Church of England 11
Church Missionary Society 11
Christianity ... ... ... 11
Christ's Hospital 119
Cinematograph ... ... 79
Civil Cases ... ... ... 87
Civil Servants Association... 118
Clerks 124
Clifford, Sir H. C 13
Climate 6. 92
Clubs 124
(-Mid 5,43,49,56,70
Cocoa 24. 26. 63
Coinage 39.40
Cold Storage 6:',. 92. 123
Colonial Audit 123
„ Bank 39,68
Church 12:'.
Colonial Institute 130
,, Nursing Association 129
„ Office ... 4, 18, 128
.. List 122
Regulations ... 115
Colony... ... ... 10,12,13
Colony, Definition of ... 12
Lagos 3
Commandant ... ... ... 13
Commissioner of Lands ... 14
Commissioners ... 3, 77, 82
Committee of Control ... 105
Common Law... ... ... 81
Companies 38
Comptroller of Customs
13, 26, 33, 121
Conservancy Fees 115
Consul ... ... ... ... 3, 123
Contingents, Land and
Marine 105
Convict Prisons ... ... 89
Copyright 38
Coomassie ... ... ... 126
Cotton 24.56,63
Councils ... ' ... ... 13, 14
Courses of Instruction ... 113
"CowFulani" 9
Cowries ... ... ... 40
Creeks ..- 1, 47
Crews, registration ... ... 4(5
Criminal Code SO
Criminal Statistics ... ... 87
Cross River 3,4,47,48
Crown Agents ... 112, 129
Crown (i rants 101
Crown Prosecutors ... ... 88
Cunliffe, General ... 105,106
Currency Board ... ... 39
Currency Notes ... 39,40,41
Customs ... ... ... 32
Customs Duties ... ... 27,69
„ Fees ... 32,70,114
„ Wharf 32
Dahomey
48, 67, 68, 127
Dakar
127
Debt, Public ...
14,72
Degema
7,15,33,42,43,48
Dekina
15
Delta of Niger
1,48
Dentists
94
Diocesan Synod
11
Index — Nk.kuia Handbook.
Director of Education
,, Forests ...
Director
91
62
. .Marine 13, t6
, Medical Services 13,94
, Prisons 89
, Public Works 97, 123
of Railways and
Works ...
13,123
Direct Taxes ...
79
Diseases
92
District Officers
... 16,81
Divisions
... 15,16
Dobell, General
... 105
Docks ...
... 43,95
Dogarai
89
Dog Licences ...
78
Domestic Animals .
63
Dosumu
3
Draughts to Ports .
42
Dredging
... 42.D5
Dry Season
6, 8, 51
Duala ...
. 68, 105, 127
Dues, Buoyage
44
,, Harbour
... 45,70
Light
43
Pilotage
46
Duties. Customs
... 27,69
Import
18, 27, 70
Export 18, 25, 27, 30, 55. 70
Stamp ... 70,73,89
Duty Pay 114
Dyeing ... 57
Earthenware ...
:.. 57
East Africa ... 5,
9,72,106, 109
Eastern Province
4
Ebute Metta
... 7,96
Eclipses
viii
Education
... 90, 91
Egba
5,15,99. 104
Egusi ...
62
Ekiti
15
Elder Dempster & Co
42
Electric Light
...97,115
Elephant
Emirs ...
64
... 10,72
Enemy Firms...
...26. 105
Enugu ...
56
Epe ...
Equity
Escravos River
7
81
3
Estimates ... ... ... 14
European Civil Servants
Association 118
European Merchants 26, 165, 181
,, Population ... 11,96
Staff 110
Examinations... ... ... 115
Exchanges, Telephones ... 68
Exclusive Prospecting
Licence 53
Executive Council ... ... 13
Expenditure 69,71,72
Export Duties 18, 25, 27,30, 55, 70
Exports 17,24,25,52
Factories
56
Fauna ...
64
Fees, Court ...
70, 82, 88
„ Customs
32, 70, 114
,, Forestry
61
,, Hospital
... 70,93
,, Liquor ...
77
,, Medical Practitioners
„ Mining
53
,, Patents
... 37,70
„ Survey ... ^ ...
... 122
,, Trade Marks ...
... 33,70
,, Weights and Measures 41, 70
Fernando Po
... 127
Fever ...
92
Finances
... 69, 72
Firearms
... 31,79
Fire on ships ...
47
Firms, List of...
... 165
Fishing
... 57.64
Fly. Tsetse
51.64,92
Folded Woven Goods
38
Forcados 6, 7, 8,
33, 42, 43, 48
Foreign Office
4
Forestry Department
62
Forests ... »...
1,2,58,61
Freeholds
... 101
Freetown
... 126
Freights
...49.187
French Congo
... 127
„ Guinea
... 127
Sudan
... 127
Frontiers of Nigeria
1
Fulani ...
9, 10, 102
Full Court
81
Index — Nigeria Handbook.
Gambia
,.
... 126
Game Licences
# %
... 64,70
Games ...
, .
... 124
Gando ...
1 1
15
Garua
... 105
Gazette ...12,21
5,49, '
72, 80. 121
Geidam
7
General Manager,
Raib*
ay 123
General Orders
m m
... 115
General Tax ...
79
Geological Survey
... 123
Germany
17. 26,
Ginneries
57
Gold
B #
56
Gold Coast
... 3,126
Golf
, .
... 124
Government Dentist
94
Government Printer
121. 123
Governor
5, 13, 1-15
Governor-General
... 5,13
Grand Bassam
... 127
Grant-in- Aid ...
69
Gray's Hospital
94
Ground nuts ...
'.'. 24
25. 62, 63
Guarantee Fund
... 116
Gulf of Guinea
... 1.2
Hadeija
15
Haraji ...
79
Harbour Dues
... 45,70
,, Works
42. 72. 95
Harmattan
6
Hausa
... 9,103
Headquarters . . .
5, 12
15,95,99
Head Transport
... 51
Hides
24. 25. 26
High Commissioner
4. 13. 145
Holidays
viii, 32
Holland
17
Horses ...
... 51,63
Hospitals
93
Hotels ...
... 124
Ibadan ..
2, 6,
7,8, 15,99
Ibi
... 7.15
Ibo
... 10.57
Ice
... 124
U<l<>
... 43,96
Ife
L5
Ikot-Ekpene 7, 15
Ikoyi 95
Ilaro ... .._ ... ... 15
Illo 33
florin 4. 7. 10, 15
Imo River ... 3 47
Imperial Institute 129
Import Duties ... 18, 27. 70
Imports ... ... ... 17, 18
Improvement Rate 96
Income Tax ... ... ... 79
Increments ... 113
Index to Laws 194
Indigo ... ... ... ... 57
Industrial School 90
Influenza ... ... ... 93
Inland Water Transport ... 107
" In Leisure Hours " ... 122
Inspection of Produce ... 2(5
Inspector-General of Police 89
Inspector of Weights and
Measures 41
Institute, Imperial 129
„ Medical Research 94
Royal Colonial ... 130
Insurance ... ... ... 66
Ivory Coast 127
Jangali
Jaunde...
Jebba ...
Jebu
Jekri Chief, Nana
Jemaa ..*
Jos
Judges
Kabba ...
Kachia ...
Kaduna
5,7,
Kaduna River
Kano 4, 6, 7, 8,
10.1
5, 25, 48,
Katagum
...
Katsena
• • •
Katsena Allah
...
Kerosene
Keffi
Kew
King's College
Koko Town ...
'.'. 33.
79
106
7,47,48
15
3
15
15
81
15
15
12.99
2. 47
56, 99
15
15
15
32
15
129
91
42. 4 ;
Index— Nigeria Handbook.
Konakry
Kontagora
Kosoko
Kotonou
Koton Kerifi ..
Kukuruku
Kuta
Kwa-Ibo River
Kwale
Kwongoma
Laboratory
Latia
Lagos
.. 127
7,10. 15
3
68, 127
15
15
15
.. 3,47
15
15
94
15
of Corn-
Chamber
merce ... ... 14. 26
Colony of 3, 4
Harbour Dues ... 45
Port of ... 25,33.42, 44,40,
40. 48. ISO
•Standard" 122
Town 1,3,6,7,8,10,11,
12, 16, 95, 90, 97
•Weekly Record"... 122
Lake Chad 1
Land Contingent ... ... 105
Land Laws
... 100
Languages
113, 115
Law ... 9,10,14,80,8
Law Reports ...
... 121
Lawn Tennis
... 124
Lawyers
... 38,88
Leases, Mining
53
Leather
57
Leave ...
... 117
Legal Advisers
14,87,88
Legal Practitioners ...
... 38,88
Legal Tender...
... 40.41
Legislative Council ...
... 14,80
Leper Asylums
94
Letters Patent
12
Letters. Postage on ...
65
Liberia
... 128
Licences, Arms
... 70.79
Auctioneers'
... 70,78
Dog
78
Forestry ...
62
„ Game
... 64,70
„ Liquor
... 70,77
Marriage ...
78
Mining
52. 53. 70
.v Motor Vehicles
78
Timber
02
Licences, Vehicle
„ Warehouse
Lieutenant-Governor
Light Dues
Liquor Licences
Liverpool
Livestock
Lloyd's agents
Loango
Loans ...
Loan, War
Local Authorities
Lokoja...
Lome
Longitude
Lugard, Sir F.J. D. .
Lunatic Asylums
... 97,99
32
12, 13, 145,
148
43
... 70,77
42
63
... it:;
... 127
72
14,107
97
2, 6, 7, 8. 99
... 127
viii
4,5,13,108
94
Magistrates 81,89
Mahogany 24,59
Maidugar'i 6,7,8,15
Mail Steamers 42
Maize ... 24,62,63
Maliki Law ... ... ... 81
Manganese ... ... ... 56
Mangrove ... ... ... 1,58
Manillas 40
Manufactures... ... ... 56
Maps 122
Marine Contingent 105
„ Department... 48,105,123
,, Director of ... ... 13, 46
Marriage Licences ... ... 78
Measures, Weights and ... 41
Medical Officers ... 93,94,117
Research Institute 94
Services, Director of 13, 94
Merchandise Marks 38
Merchants, List of ... ... 165
Meridian ... ... ... viii
Mileage. Railwav ... 49,50,51
Mining " 14.52,53,70,190
Minna 49
Missions 3,11,90
Mohammedans 3. 9. 11, 81, 88, 90,
102
Mohammedan year ... ... viii
Money Lenders ... ... 79
Money Orders ... ... 66
Monrovia 128
Moon viii
Index — Nigeria Handbook.
Mora
106
Motor Pumps, Hire of
47
Motor Transport
... 49,51
Motor Vehicle Licences
78
Munshi
... 10, 15
Muri
... 10,15
Nana
3
Naraguta
6.7.8
Nassarawa
... 10,15
National African Company
Native Administrations
72. 89. 94.
104,107
African Church
11
Chiefs
16,102,103 1
,, Courts
16. 81 ,88
Merchants .... '
26,184,189
Police
89
„ Policy
... 102
„ Prisons
89
„ Staff ...
... 124
Treasuries ...
...16, 104
Newspapers ...
... 122
Nickel and Bronze coins
40
Niger Coast Protectorate
3, 4, 108
Company 4, 43, 47.
52, 54,56,
108
„ Delta
... 1.48
River ... 1,
2. 4. 47. 48
Nigeria Gazette 12, 26. 49,
72,80,121
Land and Marine
Contingents
... 105 i
Regiment 5,
9. 105, 108
Nigerian Council
13, 14.1D7
"Pioneer"
... 122
Railway 5. 43
48, 55, 56,
67, 7i, 9
Northern Nigeria
... 4.5
Provinces
... 5. 12
Notaries PuMic
89
Notes, Currency
39,40, U
Nsanakang
... 105
Numan
15
Nupe ...
4, 10, 15
Nursing Sisters
93, 129
Oba of Benin
... 104
Obolo ...
15
Obubra...
15
Obudu
t
Offa
i
Office Hours ^Customs)
32
Official Gazette 12, 26, 49, 72, 80, 121
Ogbomosho 7
Ogoja 10.15
Ogun River 3. 42
Oil Palm 2,59,63
Oil Rivers Protectorate ... 3
Okigwi ... ... ... ... 15
Okwoga 7
Oleaginons Produce... ... 5
Olokemeji ... ... ... 7
Ondo 2,7,10,15,104
Onitsha 2,6,7,8.10,15
Opobo ... 7, 15, 33, 42, 43. 48
Orders in Council 12, 80, 121. 194
Ordinances 80,194
Oshogbo 7
Ossidinge ... ... ... 15
Ostrich Farming 64
Outfit 119
Owerri 7, 10,15
Owo 15
Oyo 7,10,15,104
Palm Wine
Kernels...
.. i Oil
Pankshin
Parcel Post ...
Passages
60
24. 25, 26, 60
24, 25, 26, 56, 60
15
65
117
31
49, 187
15
... 36, 38
15
116,117
32
viii
...
2. 6. 48, 52
41.89. L05
... 81,87
16
... 124
11
Population 9.10,11.16.96.133
Port Harcourt . . . 5. 7. 33. 42. 43
Ports 33.42
Portuguese Guinea 128
Postage, Rates of ... ... 65
Postal Orders 66
Posi OHice 65
Passengers' baggage ...
,, on Railway
Pategi
Patents
Pella
Pensions
Petroleum
Phases of Moon
Piassava
Pilotage
Plateau
Police ...
Magistrates
Political Officers
Polo ...
Polygamy
Index — Nigeria Handbook.
Post Office Savings Bank ...
68
Reirl on Mining Leases
53
Potash "
., Warehouse
30,31,70
Potiskum
15
Reports, Departmental
... 121
Presbyterians
11
Report on Blue Book
121
Principal Medical Officer ...
14. 94
Report on Trade
...26. 121
Principe
18, 128
Reserves, Forest
61
Printer. Government 1
21, 123
Residents
... 13. 16
Prisons
89
Return Leave
... 117
Private Warehouses...
32
Returns, Financial ...
72
Privy Council
81
Reuter's Telegrams ...
122
Produce, Inspection of
26
Revenue
27,69,70
Prospecting ...
52
River Benin ...
...3.4,47
Protectorate, Definition of...
12
,, Benue ...
2
Lagos
3
Bonny ...
... 3. 47
„ Niger Coast 3
, 4. 108
Cross
3. 4. 47. 48
Nigeria ...
80,81
Escravos
3
,, Northern Nigeria 4, 5
Gongola
3
Oil Rivers
3
Imo
... 3. 47
Southern Nigei
ia 4. 5
Kaduna
... 2. 47
Provinces ... ... 4,
10, 15
Kwa-Ibo
... 3. 47
Provincial Commissioner ...
16
• • Niger 1,
2, 4. 47. 48
Provincial Courts
16, 86
„ Ogun
... 3,42
Publications ...
121
„ Sokoto ...
2
Public Debt
14, 72
,, Sombreiro
." 3.47
„ Holidays ... i
iii. 32
Roads ...
51
,, Officers' Guarantee
Roman Catholics
11
Fund
116
Royal Colonial Institute
... 130
,, Works Department...
58
,, Instructions ...
12
Pumps, Hire of
47
Niger Company
... -1, 43.
47, 52,
54. 56, 108
Quarters
114
Royalties 54
Rubber 2-
61, 62. 70
[, 59, 61, 63
Rules
80. 194
Railway 5, 43, 48, 55, 56, 67,
72. 95,
99,1
21, 187
Sahara ...
2
Rainfall
7,8
St. Louis
... 127
Rainy Season
7, 8, 47
St. Paulo de Loanda
... 128
Ramadan ...
viii
St. Thomas
... 128
Ranching
63
Salaries
113,124
Rates ...
96, 97
, Salt
... 18.56
Receiver of Enemy Firms :
>6, 105,
Salvage
46
107
Sanitation
... 92,93
Reclamation
95
Santa Isabel ...
... 128
Regulations 80,121,194
Sapele 7,33,42,43.48
Registration of Births
94
Satiru ...
4
,, „ Land
101
Savings Bank...
68
,, ,, Letters
66
Saw Mill
60
„ of Medical
Schools...
90
Practitioners
94
School of Tropical Medicine 129
„ of Patents
36
Seasons
6
„ Trade Marks
33
Seccondee
49, 126
Religion
11
Secretaries
13, 14, 123
Index — Nigeria Handbook.
Secretary of State
Senegal
Servants
Shea _
Shipping
,, Dues
Sierra Leone ...
Silk
Silver ..
Sinking Fund
Skins ...
Shivery
Sleeping Sickness
Sokoto ... ... 4
,, River ...
Solicitors
Soinbreiro River
Southern Nigeria
Southern Provinces
Spanish Guinea
Special Constables
Spirits ...
Staff List _ ...
Stamp Duties...
Standard Time
Station Magistrates
Sbations, Railway
Statute Law ...
Statistical Abstract
Statistics, Census
„ Criminal
„ Financial
„ Shipping
Trade
Stores ...
Subsidiary Coinage
Sudan ...
Sudd
Supreme Court
Surveys
Swamp
Sweet Potatoes
Synod ...
Syrian Merchants
128
127
119
24,25
... 5,17,42,186
43,70
2.3,126
57
56
72
24. 25. 26
3, 4, 95, 102, 124
92
:, 6, 7, 8. 9, 10, 15
2
38,88
3,47
4,5
12
106.127
105
... 17,18,22,27
121
70,73,89
viii
81
49.50,51
80
26, 121
... 10, 11, 133
87
72
186
149
119
40
2
48,59
77,81,87
52,122
1,58
62
11
185
Taxes, Direct
79
Telegraphs
... 67,68
Telephones
68
Temperature ...
.. 6,7
Tender, Legal
.. 40,41
Tide Tables
.. 121
Timber...
.. 58,58
Timber Licences. &c.
62
Timbuktu
.. 127
Time ...
viii
"Times of Nigeria" ...
.. 122
Tin
.. 24.52
Tobe
56
Togoland
.. 127
Tonnage of Vessels ... 31
195. 186
Tornado
7
Tour
.. 117
Towage Dues...
44
Towns ...
98
Town Council
96
Townships
98
Trade
.. 17,26
,. Marks 5
!6, 33, 38
., Report
..26, 121
.. Spirits 17, ;
L8, 22, 27
,, Statistics
.. 149
., Supplement ...
..26,121
Trade and Customs Laws
.. 121
Trading Firms
.. 166
Travelling Allowances
.. 114
Trawling
57
Treasurer
.. 13,39
Treaties
3. 4, 11
Tropical African Servic
es
Course
113.129
Tropical Diseases Bureau
.. 129
Forest
.. 2,59
Medicine ...
94. 129
Trypanosomiasis
64
Tsendam
15
Tsetse fly
51,64.92
Tugs
14. 45. 46
Tannin...
Tanning of Hides
Tariff, Cable ...
Customs
Railway
Taxation
58
56
192
27,67
49,55.121, 187
5, 9, 79, 103, 104
Fbiaja ...
Udi
United States.
15
7.15.43
1*
Index — Nigeria Handbook.
Vacation, Court 81*
Vacation Leave ... ... 1 1 <
Vaccination ... ... ... 93
Vehicle, Licenses 97. 99
Vessels entered and cleared 33, 95,
1.86
Veterinary Officers 64
Victoria ' 106
Volunteers 105
Wages 51. 110
War ... 5,17,48,49,69,72,105
War Bonus 113,125
War Loan 14. JO-
Warehouse Rent ... 30.31,70
Warn 6,7,8, 1<>. 15,33,42,43,48
Water Authority 97
Water. Rates 96.97,115
., Works 72
Weights and Measures ... 41
VTeslevans ... ... ... 11
"West Africa" 122
West African Currency
Board 39
West African Frontier Force 5. 9.
105, IDS
\\'»>t A frican Lands...
L00
Medical Ser-
vice
94
West African Pocket Hook
119
Settlements ...
3
Western Province
4
Sudan
2
Wharves
32, 4:5
Wheel Tax
97, 99
Widows and Orphans Pen-
sions
116
Wilcocks, General ...
108
Wild Animals
64
Wireless
68
Yaba 94
Yams ... 62
Yelwa 15
Yola ... 2.4.6.7,8,10,15,33,47
Yoruba 10,57
Zaria 7,10,15.56
Zungeru 5,6,7,8
MILLER BROTHERS
(OF LIVERPOOL) LIMITED.
21, Water Street, Liverpool.
Cable and Telegraphic Address : " ETHIOPE."
BRANCHES IN NIGERIA.
Lagos, Abeokuta, Ibadan, Badagry, Warri, Sapele,
Koko, Siluko, Port Harcourt, Aba, Opobo, Abonnema,
Calabar, Oron, Itu, etc., etc.
Importers of : Palm Oil, Palm Kernels, Cocoa, Maize,
Rubber, Mahogany.
Exporters of : Cotton Piece Goods, Silks, Velvets,
Provisions of all kinds, Tobaccos,
Cigars, Cigarettes, Clothing, Hosiery,
Boots and Shoes, Paints, Oils, Cement,
Building Material.
Agencies : Ford Motor Cars and Trucks, Dunlop
Tyres and Tubes, Raleigh and New
Hudson Cycles, Nobel's Explosives,
Vacuum Oil Company's Kerosene,
Motor Spirit and Lubricating Oils.
Stanford's Geoo- Esta&$ London.
Anglo Colonial Trading
Corporation, Ltd., ,
FORMERLY
A. M. PETIT & COMPANY, Ltd.,
West African Merchants.
LAGOS.
"The Fashionable House"
"lie Eso,"
Specialities: — Fancy Goods, Englisii and French
Provisions, Hardware and Furniture.
HEAD OFFICE :
7, Gracechurch Street, London, E.C.
Branches:— Freetown, Sierra Leone ; Accra,
Gold Coast ; and Nigeria.
CAPITAL: .£100,000
Further Branches are being opened at
Kano, Port Harcourt, and other
Centres in Nigeria.
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