NOAA technical report NMFS SSRF

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NOAA Technical Report NMFSSSRF-699

^5+^.

Seasonal Surface Currents Off the
Coasts of Vancouver Island and
Washington as Shown by
Drift Bottle Experiments, 1964-65

W. JAMES INGRAHAM, JR. and JAMES R. HASTINGS

SEATTLE. WA
MAY 1976

NATIONAL OCEANIC AND / National Marine

ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION / Fisheries Service

NOAA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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619. Macrozooplankton and small nekton in the coastal waters off Vancouver
Island (Canada) and Washington, spring and fall of 1963. By Donald S. Day,
January 1971, iii + 94 p., 19 figs.. 13 Ubies.

620. The Trade Wind Zone Oceanography Pilot Study. Part IX: The sea-
level wind field and wind stress values. July 1963 to June 1965. By Gunter R.
Seckel. June 1970. iii + 66 p.. 5 figs.

621. Predation by sculpins on fall chinook salmon, Oncorhynchut Uhawyt-
tcha, fry of hatchery origin. By Benjamin G. Patten. February 1971. iii + 14
p., 6 figs., 9 tables.

622. Number and lengths, by season, of fishes caught with an otter trawl
near Woods Hole. Massachusetts, September 1961 to December 1962. By F. E.
Lux and F. E. Nichy. February 1971. iii + 15 p.. 3 figs.. 19 UbIes.

623. Apparent abundance, distribution, and migrations of albacore, Thunnus
alalunga, on the North Pacific longline grounds. By Brian J. Rothschild and
Marian Y. Y. Yong. September 1970, v + 37 p., 19 figs., 5 ubles.

624. Influence of mechanical processing on the quality and yield of bay
scallop meats. By N. B. Webb and F. B. Thomas. April 1971. iii + 11 p., 9
figs.. 3 tables.

626. Distribution of salmon and related oceanograpic features in the North
Pacific Ocean, spring 1968. By Robert R. French. Richard G. Bakkala. Masanao
Osako. and Jun Ito. March 1971. iii + 22 p.. 19 figs., 3 tables.

626. Commercial fishery and biology of the freshwater shrimp, Macrobra-
cimtm. in the Lower St. Paul River, Liberia, 1952 53. By George C. Miller.
February 1971, iii + 13 p.. 8 figs.. 7 ubles.

627. Calico scallops of the Southeastern United Sutes, 1959-69. By Robert
Cummins, Jr. June 1971, iii + 22 p.. 23 figs., 3 tables.

628. Fur Seal Investigations, 1969. By NMFS, Marine Mammal Biological
Laboratory. August 1971. 82 p., 20 figs., 44 Ubles. 23 appendix A Ubles, 10
appendix B tables.

629. Analysis of the operations of seven Hawaiian skipjack tuna fishing
vesseb. June-August 1%7. By Richard N. Uchida and Ray F. Sumida. March
1971. V + 25 p.. 14 figs.. 21 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

630. Blue crab meat. I. Preservation by freezing. July 1971. iii -t- 13 p.. 5
figs., 2 Ubles. n. Effect of chemical treatments on acceptability. By Jurgen H.
Strasser, Jean S. Lennon. and Frederick J, King. July 1971. iii + 12 p.. 1 fig..
9 Ubles.

631. Occurrence of thiaminase in some common aquatic animals of the United
States and Canada. By R. A. Greig and R. H. Gnaedinger. July 1971. iii + 7
p., 2 Ubles.

632. An annoUted bibliography of attempts to rear the larvae of marine fishes
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Ubie. 1 appendix n Ubie. For sale by the Superintendent of DocumenU. U.S.
Goverment Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

633. Blueing of processed crab meat. II Identification of some factors involved
in the blue discoloration of canned crab meat CaUmectes sapidtu. By Melvin E.
Waters. May 1971. iii + 7 p., 1 fig., 3 Ubles.

634. Age composition, weight, length, and sex of herring, Clupea paJlatid.
used for reduction in Alaska. 1929 66. By Gerald M. Reid. July 1971. iii + 25
p.. 4 figs.. 16 Ubles.

635. A bibliography of the blackfin tuna, T^unnua atlanticut (Lesson). By
Grant L. Beardsley and David C. Simmons. August 1971. 10 p. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C. 20402.

636. Oil pollution on Wake Island from the Unker R. C. Starter. By Reginald
M. Gooding. May 1971. iii -f 12 p.. 8 figs.. 2 tables. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington.
D.C. 20402.

637. Occurrence of larval, juvenile, and mature crabs in the vicinity of
Beaufort Inlet. North Carolina. By Donnie L. Dudley and Mayo H. Judy.
August 1971, iii + 10 p.. 1 fig.. 5 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

638. Length-weight relations of haddock from commercial landings in New
England. 1931-55. By Bradford E. Brown and Richard C. Hennemuth. August
1971. V -I- 13 p.. 16 figs.. 6 Ubles. 10 appendix A tables. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
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B:

?f

639. A hydrographic survey of the Galveston Bay system, Texas 1963-66
E. J. Pullen. W. L. Trent, and G. B. Adams. October 1971. v + 13 p.
figs., 12 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documenta, U.S.
Government Printing Office. Washingtop. D.C. 20402.

640. Annotated bibliography on the fishing industry and biology of the blue
crab, CaUmectes sapidui. By Marlin E. Tagatz and Ann Bowman Hall. August
1971, 94 p. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government
Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 20402.

641. Use of threadfin shad, Dorosoma peteneiue. as live bait during experi-
mental pole-and-line fishing for skipjack tuna. Katsuwonus pelamis. in Hawaii.
By Robert T. B. Iversen. August 1971. iii + 10 p.. 3 figs.. 7 Ubles. For sale by
the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washing-
ton. D.C. 20402.

642. Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tymnnus resource and fishery— analysis <rf
decline. By Kenneth A. Henry. August 1971, v + 32 p.. 40 figs.. 5 appendix
figs., 3 tables. 2 appendix tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents,
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643. Surface winds of the southeastern propical Atlantic Ocean. By John M.
Sleigner and Merton C. Ingham. October 1971. iii + 20 p., 17 figs. For sale by
the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office. Washing-
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644. Inhibition of flesh browning and skin color fading in frozen fillets oi
yelloweye snapper {Lutzanus vivanus). By Harold C. Thompson, Jr.. and Mary
H. Thompson. February 1972, iii + 6 p.. 3 tables. For sale by the Superinten-
dent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 20402.

645. Traveling screen for removal of debris from rivers. By Daniel W. Bates.
Ernest W. Murphey. and Martin G. Beam. October 1971. iii + 6 p.. 6 figs.. 1
table. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing
Office. Washington D.C. 20402.

646. Dissolved nitrogen concentrations in the Columbia and Snake Rivers in
1970 and their effect on chinook salmon and steelhead trout. By Wesley J. Ebel.
August 1971. iii + 7 p.. 2 figs.. 6 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington D.C. 20402.

647. Revised annotated list of parasites from sea mammals caught off the
west coast of North America. By L. Margolis and M. D. Dailey. March 1972, iii
+ 23 p. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government
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Continued on inside back cover.

NOAA Technical Report NMFS SSRF-699

Seasonal Surface Currents Off the
Coasts of Vancouver Island and
Washington as Shown by
Drift Bottle Experiments, 1964-65

W. JAMES INGRAHAM, JR. and JAMES R. HASTINGS

SEATTLE. WA
MAY 1976

UNITED STATES / NATIONAL OCEANIC AND / National Marine

DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE / ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION / Fisheries Service

Elliot L. Richardson, Secretary / Robert M White. Administrator / Robert W Schoning, Director

f y^^

The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec-
ommend or endorse any proprietary product or proprietary material
mentioned in this publication. No reference shall be made to NMFS, or
to this publication furnished by NMFS, in any advertising or sales pro-
motion which would indicate or imply that NMFS approves, recommends
or endorses any proprietary product or proprietary material mentioned
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the advertised product to be used or purchased because of this NMFS
publication.

CONTENTS

Page

Introduction 1

April 1964 1

July 1964 2

November 1964 4

January 1965 4

Summary 6

Acitnowledgments 7

Literature cited 7

Figures

1. Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV George B. Kelez, 20-28 April 1964 2

2. Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV George B. Kelez, 20-26 July 1964 2

3. Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV George B. Kelez, 6-16 November 1964 6

4. Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV George B. Kelez, 13-17 January 1965 6

Tables

1. Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in April 1964 3

2. Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in July 1964 5

3. Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in November 1964 7

4. Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in January 1965 8

Seasonal Surface Currents Off the Coasts of Vancouver Island
and Washington as Shown by Drift Bottle Experiments,

1964-65

W. JAMES INGRAHAM, JR. and JAMES R. HASTINGS'

ABSTRACT

Release of a total of 1 ,044 drift bottles during four periods from April 1964 to January 1 965 off the coasts
of Washington and Vancouver Island, British Columbia, indicate a seasonal reversal of flow, southward in
April and July and northward in November and January, within 200 km (108 nautical miles) of the coast. This
study supplements those conducted off the Oregon and California coasts by other agencies.

INTRODUCTION

The Northwest Fisheries Center of the National Marine
Fisheries Service, Seattle, Wash. (Biological Laboratory of
the Bureau of Commercial Fisheries prior to 1970), has
conducted far-ranging research on fisheries problems
throughout the subarctic Pacific region from local coastal
waters of Washington to the central North Pacific Ocean and
the Bering Sea. Oceanographic conditions that affect the
distribution and abundance of fish stocks have been studied in
conjunction with fisheries research since 1955. Studies of
local ocean currents off the coasts of Washington and
Vancouver Island were emphasized in the oceanographic
research program from 1963 to 1964 (Ingraham 1967). The
purpose here is to summarize results of drift bottle
experiments in 1964 and 1965 which were not reported by
Favorite and Fisk (1971) nor by Fisk (1971).

Although the general oceanic flow may appear as a simple
onshore movement, eddies form complex flow patterns
within about 500 km (270 nautical miles) of shore as the land
boundary causes the current to diverge toward the north and
south. These complexities were shown by dynamic
computations and from records of water properties for
several isolated studies at different times (Doe 1955;
Bennett 1959; Reid 1960; Budinger et al. 1964). Other
studies, using drift bottles to estimate surface water drift,
have shown some details of flow within 200 km (108 nautical
miles) of shore where reversals occur, with flow from the
north in summer and from the south in winter ( Dodimead and
Hollister 1958; Schwartzlose 1963; Burt and Wyatt 1964).

Four oceanographic cruises were conducted aboard the
RV George B. Kelez in April, July, and November 1964 and
January 1965, which helped provide areal continuity in
nearshore ocean sampling between the Oregon and Canadian
coasts.^ During these cruises 1,044 drift bottles were
released along two lines normal to shore — one from Willapa
Bay, Wash., to Cobb Seamount and the other from Cobb

'Northwest Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service,
NOAA, 2725 Montlake Boulevard East, Seattle, WA 98112.

Mngraham, W. J., Jr., and D. M. Fisk. 1966. Oceanographic
observations off the coasts of Washington and British Columbia— April,
July, and November, 1964 and January 1965. Unpubl. manuscr., 96 p.,
Northwest Fisheries Center. Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., NOAA, Seattle, WA
98112.

Seamount to Estevan Point, Vancouver Island, B.C. Twelve
corked, unballasted, short-necked (17 cm long with a 4'/2-cm
base) drift bottles were released at 21 stations during each
cruise. Ballast sand was not placed in the bottles to save
handling time. These particular empty bottles already floated
about 80% submerged and any improvement would be minor
compared to other inherent errors in the method. Only
minimum speeds are inferred by drift bottle data because
there is no way of knowing how long the bottle was on the
beach before recovery. Each contained a folded data card
with instructions in English, Russian, and Japanese and
four-digit serial numbers ranging from 6001 to 7044. A
reward ($1.00) was offered for the return of each card.
Recoveries from each cruise are discussed separately below.

APRIL 1964

From 20 to 28 April 1964, a total of 288 drift bottles was
released at 21 stations and 77 recoveries (27%) have been
reported (Fig. 1, Table 1). The recoveries suggest two
distinct regions with different flow features; 1) a southerly
drift at speeds of 15 to 30 cm/s about 167 km (90 nautical
miles) wide nearshore and 2) an offshore region of
questionable flow from which no recoveries have been
reported. These features are the same along both of the
tracklines.

The 41 recoveries from the six inshore stations along the
trackline normal to the Washington coast were from the
Washington and Oregon coasts southeast of the release
locations. All 7 of the recoveries from the nearest inshore
station were reported from the southern Washington coast,
whereas, all of the remaining 34 recoveries were from the
Oregon coast. These reflect a dominant southerly flow of
surface waters at this time. A northward flow was reported in
April 1959 and 1960 (Schwartzlose 1963), and mixed flow
toward the north and south was reported in April 1961 and
1962 (Burt and Wyatt 1964).

Along the trackline normal to the west coast of Vancouver
Island, 36 recoveries came from 72 releases at the six inshore
stations. Of the 15 recoveries reported from the three
stations shoreward of the 100- fathom curve, four were
recovered on the west coast of Vancouver Island north of the
drop location, indicating some localized northerly flow of
surface waters along the west coast of Vancouver Island. The
remainder of the recoveries from these three stations and 20

i3P W
50 N

130 W

48 N

4G N

44 N

42 N

40 N

3B N

Cobb SeamounI

DRIFT BOTTLE RELEASE
APRIL 1964

13E W 130 W

ISB W

12B W

124 W lep W

Figure 1.— Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV
George B. Kelez, 20-28 April 1964.

132 W
50 N

48 N 48 N

4B N 4G N

44 N 44 N

42 N

40 N

38 N

Cobb Seomount

- DRIFT BOTTLE RELEASE
JULY 1964

132 W

130 W

12B W 126 W

124 W

122 W

Figure 2. — Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV
George B. Kelez, 20-26 July 1964.

of the 21 recoveries from the three seaward stations were
recovered along the Washington and Oregon coasts. No
recoveries to date have been reported from the two offshore
stations along this trackline.

On 14 May 1964, a transponding telemetry buoy was
launched at lat. 48°00'N, long, 131°53'W (Favorite et al.
1965). An additional 48 drift bottles were released at this
site, but no recoveries have been reported. The buoy drifted
east-southeast (115° true direction) for 595 km (320 nautical
miles) at an average speed of 11 cm/s. This suggests the
drift bottles released offshore may have moved onshore but,
before coming ashore, they were carried offshore into the
eastern edge of the subtropical North Pacific gyre.

JULY 1964

There were 37 recoveries (16%) from 228 releases at the
19stationsoccupiedduringthe July 1964 cruise (Fig. 2, Table
2). They numbered less than one-half the recoveries reported
for the April 1964 cruise. In general, the fewer returns are
consistent with the expected usual July conditions of
northerly winds which transport surface water offshore.
Recoveries are probably associated with sporadic short-term
events in which southerly winds transport bottles that have
remained nearshore onto the beach. Features of surface drift
are very similar to those of April— a slower southeasterly

flow at 5 to 11 cm/s (minimum) within about 185 km (IOC
nautical miles) of shore and no returns from offshore.

Recoveries were made from only 4 of the 11 stations along
the trackline normal to the Washington coast during this
cruise. Of the 13 recoveries, 6 drifted from the station closest
to shore onto the northern Oregon coast. No recoveries to
date have been reported from releases at the next three
seaward stations, but four recoveries, ranging from southern
Washington to northern Oregon, have been made from the
fifth station from shore. From the remaining four stations on
this trackline, there were only three recoveries; all were from
south of the mouth of the Columbia River, with the recovery
from the most seaward station coming from northern
California (lat. 38°N).

Almost twice as many recoveries were reported from the
trackline normal to the west coast of Vancouver Island as the
trackline normal to the Washington coast— 24 recoveries
from 96 released. Nine recoveries were released from the
three stations nearest Vancouver Island, five from the west
coast of Vancouver Island. Two of these five recoveries were
from northwest of the launch site, indicating some deviation
from the general southerly flow along the coast during this
time of year. The other three recoveries were made near
Estevan Point on Vancouver Island. The 19 other recoveries
were made along the coast from central Washington to
northern California. It appears that during this season the

Table 1 . — Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in April 1964.

Serial

Date

Location

Number

Number

Serial

Date

Location

number

released

Lat. N Long. W

released

recovered

number

recovered

Lat.N

Long. W

6001-6012

4/20/64

46=45' 124=20'

12

7

6001
6002
6003
6005
6006
6009
6011

3/10/66
4/22/64
4-22/64

5/1/64
4/22/64
4/22/64

5/7/64

46=26'
46=24 ■
46026'
46=18'
46=24'
46=18'
46=19'

124=03'
124=03'
124003 '
124=02'
124=03'
124=02 '
124=02'

6013-6024

4/20/64

46=45' 124=35'

12

10

6013
6014
6015
6017
6018
6019
6020
6022
6023
6024

4/26/64
4/25/64
4/26/64
4/26/64
4/25/64
4/24/64
4/24/64
4/24/64
4/25/64
4/25/64

45=35'
45=33'
45=37'
45=28'
45=33'
45=39'
45=39'
45=39'
45=39'

123=56'
123=57'
123=53'
123=53 '
123=57'
123=56'
123=56'
123056 '
123056'

•

6025-6036

4/20/64

46045' 124=48'

12

3

6027
6028
6035

5/7/64
5/4/64
5/8/64

44=46'
44=23'
43057'

124=03'
124=03'
124=07'

6037-6048

4/21/64

46=45' 125020 '

12

9

6037
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6045
6046
6047

5/8/64
5/8/64
5/7/64
5/8/64
5/7/64
5/7/64
5/4/64
5/8/64
5/7/64

44055'
45=10'
44=55'
44=55'
44=55'
44=55'
45=49'
44=55'
45=49'

124=00'
123058'
124=00'
124=00'
124=00'
124=00'
123=57'
124=00'
123=57'

6049-6060

4/21/64

46°45' 125=10'

12

9

6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6058
6059
6060

5/9/64

5/9/64

5/5/64

7/21/64

5/7/64

5/6/64

5/17/64

5/22/64

5/3/64

44=35'
44=55'
45=39'
43=04'
44=55'
45=45'
42=46'
42=47'
45=49'

124=03'
124=00'
123056'
124035'
124000 '
123057'
124=29'
124029'
123=57'

6061-6072

4/23/64

46=45' 126=00 '

12

3

6064
6070
S072

6/7/64

6/9/64

12/24/66

42=44'
43=57'

124=29'
124=07'

— •

6073-6084

4/23/64

46045' 126033'

12

0

-

-

-

—

6085-6096

4/25/64

46045' 127=12'

12

0

—

—

—

-

6097-6108

4/25/64

46=45' 127=48'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6109-6120

4/25/64

46045' 128024'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6121-6132

4/26/64

46045' 129036'

12

0

-

—

-

-

6133-6144

4/26/64

46=45' 130034'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6145-6156

4/26/64

4702O' 129059'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6157-6168

4/27/64

47=53' 129=02'

12

0

—

—

—

—

6169-6180

4/27/64

48=26' 128O07'

12

3

6171
6172
6174

5/24/64
5/24/64
6/28/64

46=14'
46=13'
43=22-

124=04'
124=02'
124=15'

Table 1.— Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in April 1964, continued.

Serial
number

Date
released

Location
Lat. N Long. W

Number
released

Number
recovered

Serial
number

Date
recovered

Location
Lat. N Long. W

6181-6192

4/27/64

48°58'

127°15'

12

6193-6204

4/27/64

49"'04'

127"'07'

12

6205-6216

4/28/64

49°11'

126°54'

12

6217-6228

6229-6240
6241-6288

4/28/64

4/28/64
5/14/64

49°16'

49°20'
48 "OC

126"'46'

126°37'
131°53'

12

12
48

10

6183

5/25/64

iT'02'

124°08'

6184

5/31/64

46'>58'

124°00'

6185

6/26/64

49-09-

125''59'

6186

7/2/64

47°10'

124''10'

6187

5/23/64

—

*

6188

5/25/64

48°09'

124''44'

6189

6/13/64

47°52'

124"'38'

6192

5/30/64

-

— *

6193

5/23/64

47''4r

124°29'

6194

5/23/64

47''34'

124°21'

6195

5/23/64

47°34'

124°21'

6197

5/28/64

46°47'

124°04'

6198

5/23/64

47°05'

124°09'

6199

5/28/64

47°31'

124°20'

6200

5/28/64

46°31'

124°04'

6201

5/23/64

47<'34'

124''21'

6202

6/18/64

44°27'

124°04'

6204

5/23/64

47°34'

124°21'

6206

6/18/64

47°05'

124-09'

6207

6/20/64

47°4r

124''29'

6208

10/5/64

50°48'

128''26'

6209

5/30/64

47°57'

129°40'

6210

5/27/64

48°09'

124°44'

6211

6/21/64

46°26'

124°03'

6213

5/28/64

47''05'

124°09'

6214

6/6/64

48°22'

124°37'

6216

6/18/64

47°33'

124°21'

6217

7/18/64

47'>34'

124°22'

6220

5/12/64

50''08'

127°55'

6223

6/1/64

46°47'

124°04'

6227

7/26/64

50°06'

127''51'

6228

5/29/64

47°04'

124°08'

6229

9/27/65

49°37'

126°46'

•Card returned— unable to ascertain recovery location.

farther from shore the releases were made, the farther
southward the travel before recovery.

NOVEMBER 1964

The cruise during November 1964 yielded the fewest
recoveries (9%), 24 of the 276 released (Fig. 3, Table 3). The
few recoveries prevent defining any clear pattern of
circulation for this time of the year, but a generally slow
northward flow is evident from all but one recovery.

There were 18 recoveries (12%) from 156 releases along
the trackline normal to the Washington coast. Two of the
bottles released at the station closest to shore drifted into the
Strait of Juan de Fuca and were recovered at the southern tip
of Vancouver Island. These recoveries were reported 5 wk
after their release and suggest a general northerly flow along
the coast at 5 to 8 cm/s (minimum) with an appreciable
onshore component, particularly at the entrance to the Strait
of Juan de Fuca. The single recovery from the adjacent
station along this trackline was reported from Montague
Island in Prince William Sound, Alaska (lat. 59°50'N, long.
147°45'W), whereas the recovery from the station nearest

Cobb Seamount was reported from the central portion of the
west coast of Vancouver Island. Of the 10 remaining stations
along this trackline, recoveries have been reported from only
3, and all but 1 of the 14 recoveries were from the Washington
or Vancouver Island coasts.

Only six recoveries (5%) have been reported from 120
releases at the 10 stations along the trackline normal to
Vancouver Island. All of these were from only five stations,
and all recoveries were made north of the release area; four of
the six recoveries were in Laredo Sound (about lat. 52°30'N,
long. 129°W).

JANUARY 1965

The winter cruise from 13 to 18 January 1965 was unique
because recoveries were made from nearly all the 21 release
stations. A total of 252 drift bottles was released and 76 were
recovered (Fig. 4, Table 4)— a 30% recovery. Speed and
direction of surface flow are indicated by first recoveries from
each station that fell into three different time groups: 1)
recoveries within 11 to 24 days released within 130 km (70
nautical miles) offshore indicate the extension of the

Table 2. — Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in July 1964.

Serial

Date

Location

Number

Number

Serial

Date

Location

number

released

Lat. N Long. W

released

recovered

niunber

recovered

Lat.N

Long.W

6289-6300

7/20/64

46°45' 124°18'

12

6

6289
6291
6293
6295
6299
6300

8/22/64
8/21/64
8/8/64
8/9/64
8/13/64
8/12/64

45'>26'
45-24'
45-12'
45-55'
45-28'
45-03'

123-58'
123-58'
123-56'
123-53'
123-56'
123-59'

63016312

7/20/64

46-45'

124-36'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6313-6324

7/21/64

46-45'

124-47'

12

0

-

—

—

—

6325-6336

7/21/64

46-45'

125-10'

12

0

-

-

-

—

6337-6348

7/21/64

46-45'

125-20'

12

4

6339
6341
6347
6348

8/9/64
8/13/64
8/15/64
8/ /64'

46-42'
46-25'
45-40'
46-09'

124-05'
124-03'
123-56'
124-00'

6349-6360

7/22/64

46-45'

126-00'

12

0

-

—

-

-

6361-6372

7/22/64

46-45'

126-33'

12

2

6361
6367

12/24/64
12/11/64

46-02'
44-27'

123-56'
124-04'

6373-6384

7/22/64

46-45'

127-11'

12

0

-

—

-

—

6385-6396

7/23/64

46-45'

128-24'

12

1

6388

1/1/65

38-00'

123-00'

6397-6408

7/23/64

46-45'

129-36'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6409-6420

7/23/64

46-45'

130-33'

12

0

-

-

-

-

64216432

7/24/64

47-20'

129-57'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6433-6444

7/24/64

47-53'

129-15'

12

3

6435
6436
6438

12/3/64

1/28/65
1/11/69

40-43'
38-04'
43-50'

124-14'
123-00'
124-08'

6445-6456

7/25/64

48-27'

128-09'

12

4

6448
6449
6451
6455

12/31/64
11/15/64
11/28/64
12/29/64

43-51'
41-23'
43-20'
44-54'

124-09'
124-03'
124-19'
124-01'

6457-6468

7/25/64

49-20'

126-37'

12

1

6463

8/24/64

50-08'

127-55'

6469-6480

7/26/64

49-14'

126-46'

12

1

6476

8/23/64

50-12'

127-49'

6481-6492

7/26/64

49-10'

126-56'

12

7

6481
6482
6483
6487
6490
6491
6492

4/3/66
11/2/64

10/20/64
12/1/64

12/31/64
9/25/64

11/10/64

49-25'
49-15'
49-25'
45-25'
46-26'
46-52'
43-18'

126-35'
126-10'
126-23'
123-57 '
124-03'
124-07'
124-23'

6493-6504

7/26/64

49-06'

127-00'

12

5

6494
6495
6497
6501
6502

11/23/68

12/30/64

9/20/64

9/20/64

10/14/64

45-18'
46-30'
45-53'
45-21'
43-50'

123-59'
124-02'
123-59'
123-57'
124-08'

6505-6516

7/26/64

49-00'

127-10'

12

3

6508
6509
6514

10/17/64

12/21/64

12/1/64

43-22'
45-16'
43-56'

124-17'
124-00'
124-08'

' Card returned, without date, during August 1964.

132 W
50 N

130 W

15B W

12B W

48 N

4B N

44 N

42 N

40 N

38 N

Cobb Seomount

- DRIFT BOTTLE RELEASE
NOVEMBER 1964

132 W

130 W

128 W

126 W

124 W

122 W

Figure 3. — Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV
George B. Kelez, 6-16 November 1964.

132 W
50 N

48 N 48 N

46 N 46 N

44 N 44 N

42 N

40 N

38 N

46 N

44 N

42 N

40 N

= DRIFT BOTTLE RELEASE
JANUARY 1965

30 N

132 W 130 W 128 W 12G W 124 W 122 W

Figure 4.— Locations of drift bottle releases and recoveries, RV
George B. Kelez, 13-17 January 1965.

Davidson Current flowing northward off the coast of
Washington at 11 to 15 cm/s (minimum) and flowing toward
the northwest off the coast of Vancouver island at 13 to 17
cm/s (minimum); 2) recoveries 41 to 44 days after release
indicate the current still had a net northerly component as far
as 445 km (240 nautical miles) offshore; and 3) recoveries 60 to
70 days after release near Cobb Seamount were reported
both north and south of their release latitude. Many late
recoveries (70 days) were made from most of the stations
beyond 130 km (70 nautical miles), which showed a wide
range of recovery points from northern Washington to
southern Oregon. Their significance is questionable, but
multiple late recoveries probably suggest a large dispersion
of bottles from any one release station with a possible long
residence close to shore once the nearshore zone is reached,
followed by sporadic recoveries depending on the local
onshore transport.

SUMMARY

As part of an ocean survey of local seasonal conditions off
the coasts of Washington and Vancouver Island, 12 drift
bottles were released at each of 21 stations along two lines
from Cobb Seamount normal to the shorelines of each coast
during April, July, and November 1964 and January 1965.
These experiments extend our knowledge of drift of coastal

surface water northward of the area of earlier studies by
Scripps Institute of Oceanography and Oregon State
University, providing data for another time period.

Early recoveries from both lines of stations within about
60 days of release clearly showed the dominant seasonal
patterns of flow nearshore. Of the April releases 27% were
recovered, compared to lower recoveries in similar studies off
Oregon (13%) and off California (5%). The percentage of
recoveries decreased during July to 16% and was lowest in
November at 9%, but January recoveries were highest at
30%. Within about 150 to 200 km (81 to 108 nautical miles) of
shore, the surface drift was southerly during April and July
but speeds of first returns decreased from a maximum of 15 to
30 cm/s (minimum) in April to 5 to 11 cm/s (minimum) in July.
The direction of flow reversed sometime before mid-autumn,
for a well-developed northward flow at speeds of 5 to 8 cm/s
(minimum) extended along both the Washington and
Vancouver Island coasts beyond lat. 50°N in November. The
northward flow was also present in January but speeds had
doubled. Very little may be inferred about nearshore flow
from bottles released beyond 200 km (108 nautical miles ) from
the coast. Those released in November or January may be
recovered but move in a long complex path. Those released in
April or July appear to have been caught in the North Pacific
gyre as shown by Dodimead and Hollister (1958).

Table 3. — Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in November 1964.

Serial

Date

Location

Number

Number

Serial

Date

Location

number

released

Lat.N

Long. W

released

recovered

number

recovered

Lat.N

Long.W

6517-6528

11/6/64

46°45'

124-19'

12

2

6517
6518

12/14/64
12/12/64

48-25'
48-23'

123-24'
123-55'

6529-6540

11/7/64

46°45'

124-36'

12

1

6534

12/4/64

59-50'

147-45'

6541-6552

11/7/64

46''45'

124-48'

12

1

6545

12/2/68

48-57'

125-35'

6553 6564

11/8/64

46°45'

124-59'

12

0

-

—

-

-

6565-6576

11/8/64

46''45'

125-10'

12

0

—

—

-

-

6577-6588

11/9/64

46°45'

125-20'

12

0

—

—

—

—

6589-6600

11/9/64

46°45'

126-00'

12

4

6591
6593
6595
6599

12/12/64
12/12/64
12/12/64
12/12/64

47-54'
48-00'
48-00'
47-54'

124-37'
124-41 '
124-41'
124-37'

6601-6612

11/10/64

46°45'

126-33'

12

0

—

-

-

-

6613-6624

11/10/64

46°45'

127-11'

12

0

—

—

—

—

6625-6636

11/10/64

46°45'

127-40'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6637-6648

11/11/64

46°45'

128-24'

12

3

6638
6641
6648

2/15/65

2/9/65

2/22/65

46-59'
47-03'

44-17'

124-08 '
124-09'
124-05'

6649-6660

11/11/64

46045'

129-36'

12

7

6649
6651
6652
6656
6657
6658
6659

4/14/65
1/14/65
1/23/65
7/31/65
1/15/65
1/10/65
12/29/67

48-40'
49-23'
48-32'
51-31'
49-11'
49-10'
49-09'

124-49'
126-28'
122-58'
128-06'
125-58'
126-00'
126-01'

6661-6672

11/13/64

46°45'

130-33'

12

0

—

—

-

-

6673-6684

11/14/64

47°20'

129-57'

12

1

6682

2/12/65

52-45'

129-06'

6685-6696

11/14/64

47''53'

129-15'

12

2

6685
6687

6/28/65
5/22/65

53-10'
52-25'

129-55'
128-50'

6697-6708

11/14/64

48°10'

128-33'

12

0

—

—

—

—

6709-6720

11/15/64

48°27'

128-09'

12

1

6710

6/19/67

56-00'

133-55'

6721-6732

11/15/64

48°43'

127-37'

12

0

—

—

—

—

6733-6744

11/15/64

49°00'

127-11'

12

0

—

—

-

—

6745-6756

11/15/64

49°06'

127-00'

12

0

—

—

—

—

6757-6768

11/16/64

49-11'

126-54'

12

0

—

—

—

—

6769-6780

11/16/64

49-14'

126-46'

12

1

6770

4/5/65

52-32'

129-02'

6781-6792

11/16/64

49-20'

126-37'

12

1

6784

6/15/65

52-38'

129-20'

This study shows the seasonal reversal of flow in
nearshore surface water to the geographical limits of the
data, but the northerly extent of the reversal is not known at
this time. The study also suggests the seaward extent of the
coastal flow to be 150 to 200 km (81 to 108 nautical miles).

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The assistance of F. Favorite, Oceanography Program
Leader, Division of Marine Fish and Shellfish, Northwest
Fisheries Center, is gratefully acknowledged. The coopera-

tion of the scientific party and crew of the RV George B. Kelez
is greatly appreciated.

LITERATURE CITED

BENNETT, E. B.

1959. Some oceanographic features of the northeast Pacific Ocean
during August 1955. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 16:565-633.
BUDINGER, T. F., L. K. COACHMAN, and C. A. BARNES.

1964. Columbia River effluent in the northeast Pacific Ocean. 1961.
1962: Selected aspects of physical oceanography. Univ. Wash..
Dep. Oceanogr.. Tech. Rep. 99, 78 p.

Table 4. — Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in January 1965.

Serial

Date

Location

Number

Number

Serial

Date

Location

number

released

Lat. N Long. W

released

recovered

number

recovered

Lat.N

Long.W

6793-6804

1/13/65

46°45' 124°18'

12

3

6793
6796
6797

3/11/65
5/3/65
3/6/65

51-58'
48-56'

128-27'
125-32'

*

6805-6816

1/13/65

46°45' 124°36'

12

2

6811
6814

5/17/65
7/11/65

46-57'
49-06'

124-08'
125-52'

6817-6828

1/13/65

46°45' 124°47'

12

3

6818
6822
6827

5/30/65
5/29/65
5/16/65

46-03'
47-05'
46-46'

123-57'
124-08'
124-04'

6829-6840

1/14/65

46°45' 124-59'

12

8

6830
6831
6832
6833
6836
6837
6838
6839

1/25/65
1/25/65
1/27/65
1/25/65
1/27/65
1/25/65
1/30/65
1/25/65

47-41'
47-41'
47-37'
47-41'
47-54'
47-40'
47-40'
47-41'

124-29'
124-29'
124-21'
124-29'
124-38'
124-21'
124-23'
124-29'

6841-6852

1/14/65

46-45' 125-10'

12

5

6845
6846
6849
6850
6852

1/30/65
1/29/65
2/20/65
2/25/65
1/28/65

48-22'
48-22'
48-23'
48-07'
48-22'

124-37'
124-37'
124-43'
123-12'
124-37'

6853-6864

1/14/65

46-45' 125-20'

12

1

6854

2/15/65

46-53'

124-06'

6865-6876

1/15/65

46-45' 126-00'

12

6

6865
6866
6869
6870
6874
6876

2/16/65
2/13/65
2/8/65
4/7/65
3/5/65
2/8/65

46-28'
48-22'
48-22'
48-22'
48-02'
48-22'

124-03'
124-37'
124-37'
124-38'
122-37'
124-37'

6877-6888

1/15/65

46-45' 126-33'

12

2

6878
6888

4/10/65
2/28/65

48-42'
48-22'

124-58'
124-37'

6889-6900

1/15/65

46-45' 127-11'

12

4

6892
6895
6896

6897

5/24/65

5/16/65

2/28/65

8/8/65

43-51'
47-04'
47-44'
48-40'

124-08'
124-08'
124-25'
124-50'

6901-6912

1/16/65

46-45' 128-24'

12

5

6903
6904
6905
6906
6911

5/15/65
3/26/65
5/2/65
6/27/65
2/27/65

46-20'
46-34'
46-49'
49-23'
47-43'

124-03'
124-03'
124-04'
126-32'
124-25'

6913-6924

1/16/65

46-45' 129-36'

12

8

6915
6916
6918
6919
6920
6921
6922
6924

5/2/65
3/27/65

5/8/65
2/27/65
3/26/65
2/26/65
2/27/65

5/9/65

43-37'
43-49'
48-55'
47-10'
45-13'
46-02'
47-03'
44-39'

124-10'
123-57'
125-31'
124-09'
123-56'
123-53'
124-08'
124-03'

6925-6936

1/16/65

46-45' 130-33'

12

6

6926
6927
6929
6932
6933
6936

5/10/65
3/26/65
3/27/65
5/7/65
5/2/65
4/22/65

48-23'
45-03'
45-03'
43-46'
47-31'
45-07'

124-41'
123-58'
123-58'
124-09'
124-21'
123-57'

Table 4.— Release and recovery locations for drift bottles released in January 1965, continued.

Serial

Date

Location

Number

Number

Serial

Date

Location

number

released

Lat.N

Long. W

released

recovered

number

recovered

Lat.N

Long. W

6937-6948

1/17/65

47-20'

129-57'

12

6

6937
6938
6939
6940
6941
6944

5/17/65

12/7/67
3/17/65
5/17/65
5/9/65
5/14/65

46-53'
49-23'
46-15'
45-37'
46-21'
47-13'

124-06'
126-32'
123-53'
123-56'
124-03'
124-11'

6949-6960

1/17/65

47°53'

129-02'

12

6

6949
6950
6955
6957
6958
6959

6/4/65
3/16/65
5/26/65

5/3/65

11/10/65

5/22/65

46-37'
48-22'
46-21'
48-57'

48-22'
47-15'

123-58'
124-37'
124-02'
125-35'
124-37'
124-11'

6961-6972

1/17/65

48°27'

128-09'

12

0

-

-

-

-

6973-6984

1/18/65

48''43'

127-37'

12

1

6977

2/8/65

50-47'

128-26'

6985-6996

1/18/65

49°00'

127-12'

12

2

6992
6995

9/3/67
2/3/65

50-44'
50-47'

128-23'
128-26'

6997-7008

1/18/65

49°06'

127-00'

12

1

6997

8/17/65

52-11'

128-30'

7009-7020

1/18/65

49°10'

126-56'

12

0

-

-

-

-

7021-7032

1/18/65

49°14'

126-46'

12

2

7022
7028

3/12/65
3/1/65

50-48'
52-10'

128-26'
128-30'

7033-7044

1/18/65

49°20'

126-37'

12

5

7035
7036
7039
7041
7042

7/26/65
5/5/65

1/21/65
3/5/65

9/22/65

50-01'
50-03'
50-00'
50-03'
49-58-

127-23'
127-25'
127-18'
127-25'
127-15'

*Card returned— unable to ascertain recovery location.

BURT. W. v.. and B. WYATT.

1964 . Drift bottle observations of the Davidson Current off Oregon.
In K. Yoshida (editor), Studies on oceanography, p. 156-165.
Univ. Tokyo Press, Tokyo.

DODIMEAD, A. J., and H. J. HOLLISTER.

1958. Progress report of drift bottle releases in the northeast Pacific
Ocean. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 15:851-865.
DOE, L. A. E.

1955. Offshore waters of the Canadian Pacific coast. J. Fish. Res.
Board Can. 12:1-34.
FAVORITE, F., and D. M. FISK.

1971. Drift bottle exeriments in the North Pacific Ocean and Bering
Sea-1957-60, 1962, 1966, and 1970. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA,
Natl. Mar. Fish. Serv., Data Rep. 67, 20 p. on 1 microfiche.
FAVORITE, F., D. FISK, and W. J. INGRAHAM, JR.

1965. First transponding oceanographic buoys in the Pacific. J.
Fish. Res. Board Can. 22:689-694.

FISK. D. M.

1971. Recoveries from 1964 through 1968 of drift bottles released
from a merchant vessel, S.S. Java Mail, enroute Seattle to
Yokohama, October 1964. Pac. Sci. 25:171-177.

INGRAHAM, W. J., JR.

1967. The geostrophic circulation and distribution of water
properties off the coasts of Vancouver Island and Washington,
spring and fall 1963. U.S. Fish Wildl. Serv., Fish. BuU.
66:223-250.

REID, J. L,, JR.

1960. Oceanography of the northeastern Pacific Ocean during the
last ten years. Calif. Coop. Oceanic Fish. Invest. Rep. 7:77-90.

SCHWARTZLOSE, R. A.

1963. Nearshore currents of the western United States and Baja
California as measured by drift bottles. Calif. Coop. Oceanic
Fish. Invest. Rep. 9:15-22.

* U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1976-697-009171 REGION 10

M8. Weight loss of pond-rus«d channel catfish {IctaJunu punctatut] during
holding in processing plant vats. By Donald C. Greenland and Robert L. Gill.
December 1971. iii + 7 p.. 3 figs.. 2 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

649. Distribution of forage of skipjack tuna {Euthynnus petamis) in the
eastern tropical Pacific. By Maurice Blackburn and Michael Laurs. January
1972. iii + 16 p.. 7 figs.. 3 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 20402.

650. Effects of some antioxidants and EDTA on the development of rancidity
in Spanish mackerel [Scomberomonis maculatus) during frozen storage. By
Robert N. Farragut. February 1972. iv + 12 p.. 6 figs., 12 tables. For sale by
the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washing-
ton. D.C. 30402.

666. Distribution and relative abundance of fishes in Newport River. North
Carolina. By William R. Turner and George N. Johnson. September 1973. iv +
23 p.. 1 fig.. 13 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S.
Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

667. An analysis of the commercial lobster l/formnu americaniul fishery
along the coast of Maine. August 1966 through December 1970. By James C.
Thomas. June 1973. v + 57 p.. 18 figs.. 11 tables. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington.
D.C. 20402.

of the cunner. Tautogolabnu adspertiu

668. An annotated bibliography

(Walbauin). By Fredric M. Sercliuk and David W. Frame. May 1973. ii +' 43 p.
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. D.C. 20402.

651. The effect of premortem stress, holding temperatures, and freezing on
the biochemistry and quality of skipjack tuna. By Ladell Crawford. April 1972.
iii + 23 p.. 3 figs.. 4 ubles. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents.
U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

653. The use of electricity in conjunction with a 12.5-meter (Headrope) Gulf-
of-Mexico shrimp trawl in Lake Michigan. By James E. Ellis. March 1972. iv +
10 p.. 11 figs.. 4 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S.
Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

654. An electric detector system for recovering internally tagged menhaden,
genus Breioortia. By R. 0. Parker. Jr. February 1972. iii + 7 p.. 3 figs.. 1
appendix table. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government
Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

655. Immobilization of finerling salmon and trout by decompression. By Doyle
F. Sutherland. March 1972. iii + 7 p.. 3 figs.. 2 tables. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington.
D.C. 20402.

656. The calico scallop. Argopecten gibbus. By Donald M. Allen and T. J.
Costello. May 1972, iii -f 19 p.. 9 figs.. 1 table. For sale by the Superintendent
of Document*. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

657. Making fish protein concentrates by enzymatic hydrolysis. A status
report on re-search and some processes and products studied by NMFS. By
Malcolm B. Hale. November 1972. v + 32 p.. 15 figs.. 17 tables. 1 appendix
table. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing
Office. Washmgton. DC. 20402.

658. List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of
their literature. By Jay C. Quast and Elizabeth L. Hall. July 1972. iv + 47 p.
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. D.C. 20402.

659. The Southeast Fisheries Center bionumeric code. Part I: Fishes. By
Harvey R. Bullis. Jr.. Richard B. Roe. and Judith C. GatUn. July 1972, xl + 95
p.. 2 figs. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government
Printing Office. Washington. DC. 20402.

660. A freshwater fish electro-motivator (FFEM)its characteristics and opera-
tion. By James E. Ellis and Charles C. Hoopes. November 1972. iii + 11 p.. 9
figs.

661. A review of the literature on the development of skipjack tuna fisheries
in the central and western Pacific Ocean. By Frank J. Hester and Tamio Otsu.
January 1973. iii + 13 p.. 1 fig. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents.
U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

662. Seasonal distribtution of tunas and billfishes in the Atlantic. By John P.
Wise and Charles W. Davis. January 1973. iv + 24 p.. 13 figs.. 4 tables. For
sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. D.C. 20402.

663. Fish larvae collected from the northeastern Pacific Ocean and Puget
Sound during April and May 1967. By Kenneth D. Waldron. December 1972. iii
+ 16 p., 2 figs.. 1 table. 4 appendix tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington DC. 20402.

664. Tagging and tag-recovery experiments with Atlantic menhaden. Brevo-
ortia tyranmis. By Richard L. Kroger and Robert L. Dryfoos. December 1972.
iv + 11 p.. 4 figs., 12 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents.
U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington. D.C. 20402.

665. Larval fish survey of Humbolt Bay. California. By Maxwell B. Eldrige
and Charles F. Bryan. December 1972. iii + 8 p.. 8 figs.. 1 Ubie. For sale by
the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washing-
ton. DC. 20402.

669. Subpoint prediction for direct readout meterological satellites. By L. E.
Eber. August 1973. iii + 7 p., 2 figs., 1 table. For sale by the Superintendent
of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. DC. 20402.

670. Unharvested fishes in the U.S. commercial fishery of western Lake Erie
in 1%9. By Harry D. Van Meter. July 1973. iii + 11 p.. 6 figs.. 6 Ubles. For
sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. D.C. 20402.

671. Coastal upwelling indices, west coast of North America. 1946-71. By
Andrew Bakun. June 1973. iv + 103 p.. 6 figs.. 3 tables. 45 appendix figs. For
sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office,
Washin,{ton. DC. 20402.

672 Seasonal occurrence of young Gulf menhaden and other fishes in a
noi.hwestern Florida estuary. By Marlin E. Tagatz and E. Peter H. Wilkins.
Ai gust 1973. iii + 14 p.. 1 fig.. 4 tables. For sale by the Superintendent of
Fjcuments. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

673. Abundance and distribution of inshore benthic fauna off southwestern
Long Island. N.Y. By Frank W. Steimle. Jr. and Richard B. Stone. December
1973. iii + 50 p.. 2 figs.. 5 appendix tables.

674. Lake Erie bottom trawl explorations. 1962 66. By Edgar W. Bowman.
January 1974. iv + 21 p.. 9 figs.. 1 table. 7 appendix tables.

675. Proceedings of the International Billfish Symposium. Kailua Kona, Ha-
waii, 9 12 August 1972. Part 2. Review and Contributed Papers. Richard S.
Shomura and Francis Williams (editorsl. July 1974. iv + 335 p., 38 papers. For
sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office.
Washington. D.C. 20402.

676. Price spreads and cost analyses for finfish and shellfish products at
different marketing levels. By Erwin S. Penn. March 1974. vi + 74 p.. 15 figs..
12 tables. 12 appendix figures. 41 appendix tables. For sale by the Superinten-
dent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington. D.C. 20402.

677. Abundance of benthic macroinvertebrates in natural and altered estuarine
areas. By Gill Gilmore and Lee Trent. April 1974. iii + 13 p.. 11 figs.. 3 tables.
2 appendix tables. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents. U.S.
Government Printing Office. Washington. D.C. 20402.

678. Distribution, abundance, and growth of juvenile sockeye salmon, Otcor-
hyncbus nerka, and associated species in the Naknek River system. 1961-64. By
Robert J. Ellis. September 1974. v + 53 p., 27 figs.. 26 tables. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington.
DC. 20402.

679. Kinds and abundance of zooplankton collected by the USCG icebreaker
Glacier in the eastern Chukchi Sea. September-October 1970- By Bruce L.
Wing. August 1974. iv + 18 p., 14 figs., 6 tables. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington.
D.C. 20402.

680. Pelagic amphipod crustaceans from the southeastern Bering Sea. June
1971. By Gerald A. Sanger. July 1974, iii + 8 p.. 3 figs.. 3 tables. For sale by
the Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washing-
ton. D.C. 20402.

681. Physiological response of the cunner. Tautogotabrus adapersus, to cad-
mium. October 1974. iv + 33 p.. 6 papers, various authors. For sale by the
Superintendent of Documents. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington,
D.C. 20402.

682. Heat exchange between ocean and atmosphere in the eastern North
Pacific for 1961-71. By N. E. Clark. L. Eber. R. M. Laurs, J. A. Renner. and J.
F. T. Saur. December 1974, iii + 108 p., 2 figs.. 1 UbIe. 5 plates.

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