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Z.X  7'  vv 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES: 


j^letrium  of  Jnter-'Communuatwn 


LITERARY   MEN,   ARTISTS,   ANTIQUARIES, 
GENEALOGISTS,   ETC. 


"  When  found,  make  a  note  of." — Captain  Cuttlk. 


SECOND    SERIES.— VOLUME    EiaHTH. 
July — Decembek,  1859. 


LONDON: 
BELL   &  DALDY,   186.   FLEET   STREET. 

1859. 


2"d  s.  VIII.  Jolt  2.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON.  SATURDAY.  JULY  2.  1859. 


No.  183.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES: —  The  Vulture  in  Italy,  by  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis.'l  —  Verstecan's 
"  Restitution,"  4  _  New  Catalogue  of  Shakspeariana,  76.  —  Oleau- 
inK8  from  Writers  of  the  Seventeenth  Century,  Illustrative  of  Pro- 
verbs, Words,  &c.,  6. 

Minor  Notks  :  —  Squaring  the  Circle  —  Oxfordshire  Proverb  —  Bartho- 
lomew Thomas  Duhigg  —  King  James's  Army  List  —  "Memoirs  of 
Gen.  Thomas  Holt "  —  Provincial  Words  :  "  Pishty,"  "  Cess-here,"  8. 

QUERIES  :  -Abigail  Hill,  by  H.  D'Aveney,9.  - Zachary  Boyd,  10. 

MiNon  i<icKHiES !  — Rev.  P.  Rosenhagen :  his  literary  Reputation  — 
Family  of  Watson,  Yorkshire  —  Lambert :  Geering  —  "  Urban,"  as  a 
Christian  Name  —  "Night,  a  Poem  "—  Randolph  Fitz- Eustace  — 
Mrs.  Jane  Marshall  — Publishing  before  the  Invention  of  Printing  — 
Heraldic  Query  —  Ephraim  Pratt  —  Thelusson  the  Banker  at  Paris 

—  Robert  Emmett's  Rebellion  in  1803  —  Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Ar- 
magh   Arms  of  John  de  Bohun  —  Antient  Portrait,  &c.,  10. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  —  "  Horae  Subsecivse,"  by  Lord  Chan- 
dos,  1620  —  Woodroof  —  Edwards'  "  Palsemon  and  Arcyte  "  —  Edward 
Wright  —  "  udcomby  an"  —  Edward  Chandler,  Bishop  of  Durham,  13. 

REPLIES  :  — Ghost  Stories,  U  — Attack  on  the  Sorbonne,  15— Price 
of  Bibles,  16. 

Replies  to  Minor  Qderies  :  — " Signa "  of  Battel  Abbey— Queen 
Anne's  Churches  —  Barrymore  and  the  Du  Barrys  —  Cromwell's 
Children  —  The  Cromweilian  Edition  of  Gwillim's  Heraldry— The 
Arrows  of  Harrow  — Vergubretus,  &c.  —  Smokers  —  Guns,  whenfirst 
used  in  India  —  "  The  Bells  were  rung  Backwards  "  —  Sale  of  Villeins 

—  Knights  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell  —  Scala  Cell —  "  History  of 
Judas,    &c.,  16. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c.,  19. 


iSiatt4. 

THE   VDIiTUEE   IN  ITALY. 

The  vulture  is  frequently  mentioned  in  Homer, 
vrho  was  familiarly  acquainted  with  its  habits  of 
devouring  dead  bodies.  The  symbolical  punish- 
ment of  Tityus  in  Hades,  for  the  rape  of  Latona, 
as  described  in  the  Odyssey,  consists  in  his  liver, 
the  seat  of  desire,  being  perpetually  mangled  by 
two  vultures  (xi.  578.,  imitated  by  Virgil,  JS«,, 
vi.  595.). 

The  natural  history  of  the  vulture  is  given  by 
Aristotle,  who  makes  two  species  of  this  bird,  dif- 
fering 9s  to  size  and  colour.  He  was  aware  that 
the  vulture  builds  its  nest  on  inaccessible  rocks, 
and  states  that  the  female  lays  two  eggs  at  a  time 
(Camus,  Notes  sur  THist.  des  An.  d'Aristote,  p. 
820.).  In  the  pseud- Aristotelic  work  de  Mirab. 
60.,  it  is  affirmed  that  no  one  ever  saw  the  nest 
of  a  large  vulture.  A  steep  and  inaccessible  rock 
•is  called  a  "yvinas  irerpa  by  ^schylus,  Supp.  796. 
Theophrastus  relates  the  fabulous  story  that  vul- 
tures are  killed  by  the  smell  of  ointments  (Caus. 
Plant.,  vi.  5. 1.)  ;  and  a  mixture  of  fact  and  fable, 
respecting  the  same  bird,  may  be  seen  in  ^lian, 
N.  A;  ii.  46.  Dio  Cassius  mentions  that  in  Mace- 
donia, before  the  battle  of  Philippi,  a  large  num- 
ber of  vultures  and  of  other  birds  which  fed  upon 
dead  bodies  hovered  over  the  army  of  Cassius, 
making  hideous  screams  (xlvii.  40.).  See  also, 
Flor.  iv.  7.  7. ;  Obsequens,  c.  69.  Lucan  likewise 
introduces  vultures  on  the  field  of  Pharsalia,  vii. 
834.  Aristotle  mentions  that  the  sudden  appear- 
ance of  many  vultures,  following  an  army,  was 
used  by  Herodorus,  the  father  of  Bryson,  as  an 
argument  that  they  came  from  another  earth 
above  our  heads  (^H.  A.  vi.  5. ;  ix.  11.). 


With  respect  to  the  presence  of  the  vulture  in 
Italy,  our  attention  must  first  be  directed  to  the 
celebrated  story  of  the  augury  of  Romulus  and 
Remus.  The  earliest  account  is  that  of  Ennius, 
who  says  that  the  questions  to  be  decided  were, 
whether  Romulus  or  Remus  should  be  the  ruler, 
and  whether  the  city  about  to  be  founded  should 
be  called  Roma  or  Remora.  As  soon  as  the  sun 
rises,  twelve  sacred  birds  come  from  the  sky,  and 
fly  on  the  left  hand  of  Romulus  :  this  sign  shows 
that  he  is  to  be  king.  Nothing  is  said  of  six 
birds  seen  by  Remus,  or  of  the  twelve  birds  being 
vultures.  Romulus  is  described  as  standing  on 
the  Aventine :  the  station  of  Remus  is  not  men- 
tioned. (Ap.  Cic.  de  Div.,  i.  48.,  where  sol  albus 
evidently  means  the  moon  ;  see  Blonif.  ad  JEsch. 
Ag.  81.,  Gloss.) 

The  next  most  ancient  version  appears  to  be 
that  of  Ovid.  He  states  that  the  brothers  propose 
to  decide  by  augury  which  is  to  be  the  founder  of 
the  new  city.  One  takes  his  station  on  the  Pala- 
tine, the  other  on  the  Aventine.  Remus  sees  six 
birds,  and  Romulus  twelve.  This  omen  is  ad- 
mitted by  Remus  to  be  decisive  in  favour  of  his 
brother.  Ovid  makes  no  mention  of  vultures. 
(^Fast.  Iv.  809—818. ;  compare  v.  149—152.) 

According  to  Livy  (i.  6,  7.),  the  twin-brothers 
contend  for  the  supremacy,  and  for  the  honour  of 
giving  bis  name  to  the  future  city.  Romulus 
takes  his  station  on  the  Palatine,  and  Remus  on 
the  Aventine  hill.  Remus  first  sees  six  vultures, 
and  Romulus  afterwards  sees  twelve.  A  dispute 
arises  whether  the  priority  of  the  omen,  or  the 
superiority  of  the  number  of  birds,  is  to  prevail ; 
and  the  dispute  leads  to  a  combat,  in  which  Re- 
mus is  killed.  Livy  reports  an  opinion  that  the 
number  of  the  twelve  lictors,  as  attendants  on  the 
king,  instituted  by  Romulus,  was  derived  from 
the  twelve  vultures.  The  same  origin  for  the 
number  of  the  twelve  fasces  is  mentioned  by 
MVi&n,  N.  A.,  X.  22.  Livy  himself  thinks  that  it 
was  borrowed  from  the  Etruscans,  who  derived  it 
from  their  twelve  populi. 

According  to  Dionysius  (i.  85 — 6.)  the  jealousy 
of  the  brothers  broke  out  in  a  difference  respect- 
ing the  choice  of  a  site  for  the  new  foundation. 
Romulus  preferred  the  Palatine  hill ;  Remus  pro- 
posed a  hill  on  the  Tiber,  at  a  distance  of  about 
30  stadia,  or  3f  miles,  named  Remoria.  Upon  the 
advice  of  Numitor,  they  agree  to  decide  their  dif- 
ference by  an  augury.  The  station  of  Romulus 
was  the  Palatine  hill ;  that  of  Remus  was  the 
Aventine,  or,  as  some  said,  Remoria.  Remus  first 
sees  six  vultures  on  the  right  hand,  and  Romulus 
afterwards  sees  twelve :  but  a  quarrel  arises,  in 
consequence  of  a  deceit  which  Romulus  attempts 
to  practise  on  his  brother.  The  interpretation  of 
the  omen  is  also  questioned  on  the  ground  stated 
by  Livy  ;  a  fight  arises,  and  Remus  is  slain. 

A  similar  account  is  briefly  given  by  Plutarch, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<»  S.  Vlir.  July  2.  '59, 


Rom.  9.  He  mentions  tbe  attempted  deceit  of 
Romulus  as  one  of  tbe  versions  of  the  story. 
From  this  occurrence  the  Romans,  he  remarks, 
make  great  use  of  vultures  in  augury.  He  ac- 
counts for  this  custom  partly  by  the  harmless 
qualities  of  the  bird,  which  destroys  no  living  ani- 
mal and  no  vegetable,  and  does  not  even  feed  on 
the  dead  of  its  own  species ;  and  partly  by  the 
rarity  of  its  appearances.  The  same  remark  and 
solution  are  repeated  in  Qucest.  Bom.  93.  Victor 
de  Orig.  G.  R.  23.  has  a  similar  account,  but  he 
omits  the  attempt  at  deceit,  and  merely  states 
that  the  interpretation  was  disputed.  It  may  be 
inferred  from  Ce^sorinus  (7).  N.,  17.)  that  the 
identification  of  the  twelve  birds  seen  by  Romu- 
lus with  vultures  was  as  early  as  Varro. 

The  vul(ure  appears  in  another  omen  of  the 
regal  period.  Dionysius  (iv.  63.)  relates  that 
the  downfal  of  Tarquinius  Superbus  was  pre- 
ceded by  the  following  prodigy.  Some  eagles 
built  their  nest  at  the  fop  of  a  tall  palm  tree,  near 
the  king's  palace.  While  the  eaglets  were  still 
unfledged,  a  large  flight  of  vultures  attacked  the 
nest  and  destroyed  it ;  killed  the  young  birds,  and 
assaulted  the  parent  birds  on  their  return  to  the 
nest,  striking  them  with  their  beaks  and  wings, 
and  drove  them  from  the  palm  tree.  The  prodigy 
is  briefly  adverted  to  by  Zon.  vii.  11. 

The  vulture  likewise  appears  during  the  his- 
torical age  in  connexion  with  auguries  in  Italy. 
Dio  Cassius  states  that  when  Augustus,  after 
the  death  of  Julius  (43  b.  c),  appeared  at  the 
Comitia  in  the  Campus  Martius,  for  his  election 
as  consul,  he  saw  six  vultures,  and  that  he  after- 
wards saw  twelve,  when  he  addressed  the  soldiers. 
He  is  said  to  have  compared  this  augury  with 
that  of  Romulus,  and  to  have  recognised  in  it  an 
omen  of  his  future  greatness  (xlvi.  46.).  Sueto- 
nius (^Oct.  95.)  and  Appian  (b.  c.  iii.  94.),  de- 
scribing the  same  event,  mention  only  twelve 
vultures ;  Obsequens  (c.  68.)  speaks  of  six  on 
each  occasion.  Dio  Cassius  relates  soon  after- 
wards, among  other  prodigies,  that  numerous 
vultures  alighted  upon  the  temples  of  Genius 
Publicus  and  Concord  at  Rome  (xlvii.  2.)  He 
likewise  declares  that  when  Vitellius  was  sacri- 
ficing and  haranguing  the  soldiers,  shortly  before 
his  death  (69  a.d.),  many  vultures  fell  upon  the 
victims,  scattered  them  in  various  directions,  and 
nearly  threw  him  down  from  the  tribunal  (Ixv. 
16.).  Julius  Obsequens  (c.  42.  49.)  mentions 
vultures  among  the  prodigies  of  the  years  105 
and  95  b.c.  His  account  is  that  some  vultures 
were  killed  by  lightning  upon  a  tower  * ;  and  that 
vultures,  devouring  a  dead  dog,  were  killed  and 
eaten  by  other  vultures.  He  appears  to  refer  to 
Italy,  though  the  places  are  not  mentioned. 


*  It  was  the  belief  of  the  ancients  that  the  eagle,  the 
bearer  of  Jove's  thunderbolts,  was  never  killed  by  light- 
ning.    (Plin.  X.  4. ;  Serv.  JEn.,  i.  .394.) 


Plutarch,  as  we  have  already  seen,  states  that 
the  Romans  made  a  great  use  of  the  vulture  in 
auguries,  which  seems  to  imply  its  frequency  in 
Italy ;  though  he  proceeds  to  account  for  the 
sanctity  attached  to  the  bird  by  the  rarity  of  its 
appearance  (^(nrdviov  Olafxa).  According  to  Pliny 
(x.  7.),  Umbricius,  the  most  skilful  aruspex  of  his 
own  time,  stated  that  the  vulture  laid  thirteen 
eggs  ;  that  with  one  egg  it  purified  the  others  and 
its  nest,  and  afterwards  threw  it  away  ;  and  that 
it  flew  lo  the  place  where  dead  bodies  were  to  be 
found  three  days  beforehand.  Umbricius  is  men- 
tioned by  Tacitus  (^Hist.  i.  27.)  as  an  aruspex 
who  warned  Gsilba  of  his  death.  The  reference 
of  Pliny  to  a  celebrated  aruspex  of  his  own  time, 
as  an  authority  for  facts  in  the  natural  history  of 
the  vulture,  seems  to  imply  that  the  vulture  was 
then  used  in  augury.  The  following  birds  are 
enumerated  by  Festus  (alites,  p.  3.  ;  oscines,  p. 
197.),  and  after  him  by  Servius  (on  JEn.,  i.  394.), 
as  affording  auspicies,  not  by  their  voice,  but  by 
their  flight ;  viz.  the  buteo,  the  sanqualis,  the  im- 
musculus,  the  eagle,  and  the  vulture.  The  buteo, 
according  to  Pliny,  was  a  species  of  hawk  used  in 
auguries.  It  gave  its  name  to  a  family  of  the 
Fabian  gens  ;  because  a  bird  of  this  species  settled 
on.  the  general's  ship,  and  afforded  a  lucky  omen. 
The  sanqualis  and  immuseulus  were  birds  in  great 
request  by  augurs,  allied  to  the  eagle  and  the 
vulture.  Pliny  mentions  that  these  birds  were 
reported  not  to  have  been  seen  at  Rome  since  the 
time  of  Mucius  the  Augur  ;  but  he  is  inclined  to 
attribute  the  fact  of  their  not  having  been  ob- 
served to  the  recent  neglect  of  taking  auguries 
(N.  H.  X.  8,  9.).  Q.  Mucius  Scsevola,  the  person 
here  referred  to,  was  pra;tor  in  121,  and  an  old 
man  in  88  b.c.  Livy  makes  a  similar  complaint 
with  respect  to  the  remissness  in  recording  prodi- 
gies which  had  grown  up  in  his  time  (xliii.  15.). 
The  Romans  do  not  seem  to  have  been  consistent 
in  their  views  respecting  the  auspiciousness  of  the 
vulture  :  for,  in  the  Thebaid  of  Statins  (iii.  496 — 
509.),  the  prophet,  taking  an  augury,  complains 
that  no  propitious  bird  has  come  in  view,  but  that 
the  hawk  and  the  vulture  have  alone  been  seen. 

Livy,  describing  a  great  pestilence  at  Rome  in 
the  year  174  b.  c,  and  a  murrain  of  the  cattle  in 
the  preceding  year,  states  that  many  bodies  re- 
mained unburied  in  the  streets,  but  that  they 
wasted  away,  and  were  not  devoured  by  dogs  or 
vultures ;  and  that  notwithstanding  the  great 
mortality  of  cattle  and  men  in  these  two  years, 
no  vulture  was  ever  seen  (xli.  21.). 

Plutarch,  in  his  Life  of  Marius,  c.  17.,  relates 
a  strange  story,  on  the  authority  of  Alexander  of 
Myndus,  a  Greek  writer  on  zoology  ;  namely,  that 
two  vultures  frequently  appeared  to  the  army  of 
Marius,  before  its  successes,  and  were  therefore 
considered  a  good  omen  ;  they  were  known  by 
brazen  chains,  which  the  soldiers  had  fastened 
round  their  necks. 


2"d  S.  VIII.  JciA-  2.  '59.] 


KOMS  AND  QUERIES. 


Ill  an  epigram  of  Catullus  against  a  certain 
Cominius,  the  vulture  is  mentioned  in  a  manner 
which  might  be  understood  to  imply  that  the  bird 
was  then  common  in  Italy ;  — 

"Non  equidem  dubito,  quin  primuni  inimica  bonorum 
Lingua  exsectaavido  sit  data  vulturio. 
Eftbssos  oculos  Yoret  atro  gutture  corvus, 
Intestina  canes,  cetera  membra  hipi." — Curm.  108. 

The  Romans  were,  however,  so  familiar  with 
the  Greek  poets,  that  this  image  may  have  been 
derived  from  their  works,  and  not  from  nature. 

The  great  Bearded  Vulture,  or  Lammergeier,' 
inhabits  the  Alps  and  Pyrenees,  the  mountains  of 
Greece,  and  of  the  Tyrol ;  but  even  in  these  ele- 
vated regions  is  now  a  rare  bird.  According  to 
Tschudi,  in  his  work  entitled  Das  Thierlcben 
der  Alpenwelt,  this  vulture  frequents  in  summer 
the  highest  levels  of  the  Alps ;  in  winter  he  de- 
scends to  the  lower  ranges,  but  never,  like  the 
eagle,  visits  the  plains.  He  builds  on  precipitous 
rocks,  and  never  perches  on  trees,  except  for  the 
purpose  of  collecting  wood  for  his  nest.  As  to 
the  presence  of  the  Lammergeier  in  the  mountains 
of  Greece  and  Roumelia,  see  Lenz,  Zoologie  der 
Alien,  p.  275.  The  Vultur  cinereus  occurs  more 
frequently  in  Europe;  it  is  found  in  Spain  and 
Sicily  ;  it  is  common  in  Sardinia ;  in  Italy  it  is 
rare,  and  never  found  in  the  forests.  (Penny 
Cyclo.  vol.  xxvi.  p.  470.)  Cetti,  Gli  Uccelli  di 
Sardegna  (1776),  p.  1 — 27.,  enumerates  four 
species  of  vultures  in  Sardinia.  He  says  that 
they  are  often  killed  by  the  shepherds  when  gorged 
with  food,  and  unable  to  rise  quickly  from  the 
earth ;  and  that  they  build  their  nests  on  the 
most  inaccessible  rocks.  Brydone  states  that  the 
vulture  inhabits  Etna  (Tour  in  Sicily,  vol.  i.  p. 
236.),  and  Ford  mentions  that  it  is  common  in 
Spain.     (^Handbook  of  Spain,  vol.  i.  p.  349.) 

The  original  version  of  the  augury  of  Romulus 
and  Remus  seems  merely  to  have  mentioned 
twelve  birds :  their  conversion  into  vultures  was 
doubtless  a  later  embellishment,  in  order  to  give 
effect  to  the  story.  The  prodigy  which  prefigured 
the  expulsion  of  the  Tarquins  — the  eagles  which 
built  their  nest  on  a  palm  tree  in  the  royal  gar- 
dens, and  the  attack  of  the  vultures  on  the  nest, 
followed  by  the  slaughter  of  the  young  and  the 
expulsion  of  the  old  birds  —  is  a  manifest  fiction. 
Both  these  narratives  belong  to  the  pre-historical 
age  of  Rome  :  but  the  stories  -of  the  flights  of 
vultures  which  appeared  to  Augustus ;  of  those 
which  settled  on  the  two  temples  at  Rome ;  and 
of  the  vultures  which  attacked  Vitellius  while  he 
was  sacrificing,  likewise  betray  evident  marks  of 
fiction.  It  is  difficult  to  explain  the  statement  of 
Plutarch  that  the  Romans  made  much  use  of  this 
bird  in  auguries,  except  by  supposing  that  he  re- 
fers to  the  practice  of  the  Romans  in  countries 
where  it  was  more  often  seen  than  in  Italy.  The 
circumstances  in  the  natural  history  of  the  vul- 


ture reported  by  the  aruspex  Umbricius,  are 
imaginary,  and  imply  no  personal  knowledge  of 
the  habits  of  the  bird.  The  story  of  the  two  vul- 
tures with  brazen  necklaces,  which  appeared  to 
the  army  of  Marius  before  a  victory,  is  not  fixed 
to  any  locality,  and  is  moreover  a  manifest  fable 
in  the  form  in  which  it  is  related  to  us.  Livy's 
account  of  the  non-appearance  of  the  vulture  at 
Rome  during  the  murrain  and  pestilence  of 
174 — 5  B.C.,  implies  that  its  appearance  was  natu- 
rally to  be  expected  on  such  an  occasion.  Never- 
theless, if  there  had  been  any  vultures  in  the 
country  near  Rome,  they  would  doubtless  have 
devoured  the  dead  bodies,  without  caring  for  the 
cause  of  their  death. 

It  may  be  considered  as  tolerably  certain 
that  the  vulture  was  as  rare  a  visitant  of  the 
plains  of  Italy  in  ancient  as  it  is  in  modern  times. 
The  ancients  were  not  always  precise  in  distin- 
guishing species  in  natural  history;  thus  they 
confounded  the  cat  and  the  weasel,  two  species 
which  seem  to  us  very  different ;  and  it  is  proba- 
ble that  they  may  have  sometimes  confounded  the 
eagle  or  other  large  carnivorous  bird  with  the 
vulture.  Some  vestiges  of  this  confusion  are  visi- 
ble in  Pliny,  N.  H.  x.  3.,  and  it  appears  to  occur 
in  some  passages  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament. 
(See  Winer,  B.  R,  W.,  art.  Abler.)  Aristotle,  H. 
N.  ix.  32.,  describes  the  percnopterus  as  a  spe- 
cies of  eagle,  which  in  its  habits  resembles  the 
vulture  ;  and  JElian,  N.  A.  ii.  46.,  states  that  the 
EBgypius  is  between  the  vulture  and  the  eagle 
(compare  Camus,  ib.  p.  65.  622.).  Modern  natu- 
ralists have  likewise  established  a  species  of  gypaii- 
tus,  intermediate  between  vultures  and  eagles.  G. 
Cuvier,  in  his  notes  to  the  French  translation  of 
Pliny  (tom.  vii.  p.  366.),  remarks  that  the  de- 
scriptions of  bii'ds  given  by  the  ancients  are  less 
intelligible  and  exact  than  their  descriptions  of 
quadrupeds  and  of  fish ;  and  he  thinks  that  this 
difference  is  owing  to  the  fact  that  their  Informa- 
tion respecting  birds  was  principally  derived  from 
the  augurs,  who  were  not  agreed  as  to  the  names 
of  the  different  species  which  they  observed  for 
the  purposes  of  their  superstitious  craft. 

The  vulture,  like  other  rapacious  birds,  is  in 
general  solitary  in  its  habits ;  and  the  stories 
of  large  flights  of  vultures  on  the  site  of  Rome, 
before  its  foundation,  and  afterwards  among  its 
buildings,  are  quite  incredible.  It  seems,  how- 
ever, that  the  vulture  has  certain  habits  which 
give  it  the  appearance  of  being  a  gregarious  bird. 
The  condors  sometimes  haunt  the  same  cliff  in 
South  America  to  the  number  of  twenty  or 
thirty  ;  and  five  or  six  sometimes  roost  on  the 
same  tree.  The  Sociable  vulture,  a  South  African 
bird,  is  so  called  from  its  habit  of  packing  toge- 
ther (Penny  Cycl.  ib.  p.  466.  474.).  Gesner,  Hist. 
Nat.  vol.  iii.  p.  712.,  lays  it  down,  on  the  autho- 
rity   of   Belon,   that    the   vulture   is    the    only 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"^  S.  VIII.  July  2.  '59. 


raptorial  bird  which  is  gregarious.  "  Vultures  soli 
uncunguium  gregatim  degunt,  ita  ut  aliquando 
quinquaginta  in  uno  grege  appareant,  ut  in 
^gypto  se  observasse  scribit  Bellon."  Belon  in- 
deed states  (Histoire  des  Oiseaux^  1585,  p.  86.) 
that  he  had  wondered  at  seeing  troops  of  vultures 
in  the  plains  and  deserts  between  Cairo  and  the 
Ked  Sea;  but  he  explains  this  circumstance  by 
remarking  that  this  district  is  traversed  by  camels, 
many  of  which  die  there,  and  the  vultures  col- 
lect around  their  dead  bodies.  Temminck,  Oi- 
seaux,  vol.  i.,  states  of  the  vulture :  "  lis  vivent 
par  paire,  mais  se  reunissent  en  grandes  troupes 
It  la  curee  autour  des  cadavres  qu'ils  eventent  de 
tres-loin."  This  habit  of  the  vulture  is  alluded  to 
in  Isaiah,  xxxiv.  15. :  "There  shall  the  great  owl 
make  her  nest,  and  lay,  and  hatch,  and  gather 
under  her  shadow.  There  shall  the  vultures  also 
be  gathered,  every  one  with  her  mate."  Vul- 
tures are  attracted  from  various  quarters  to  the 
same  spot  by  the  presence  of  dead  bodies ;  they 
are  not  properly  birds  of  prey,  though  they  feed 
on  carrion :  hence  they  assemble  wherever  car- 
rion is  to  be  found  :  but  the  vulture  is  not  a  gre- 
garious bird,  and  does  not  fly  in  troops  like  the 
swan,  the  goose,  the  duck,  and  the  rook. 

In  the  Oneirocritica  of  Artemidorus,  who  lived 
in  140 — 180  A.D.,  mention  is  made  of  an  ancient 
custom  in  Italy,  not  to  kill  vultures,  and  to  con- 
sider it  impious  to  hurt  them  :  efiadov  Se  n  kuI  eV 
'iToA^a  v6fii.iiJ.ov  •iraKai6v'  "yvvas  oxik  avaipovai,  koI  Touy 
iviQefxivovs  ahrots  afff^eiy  vo/j-i^ovaiv,  i.  8.  No  Roman 
writer  alludes  to  this  ancient  custom,  and  it  ap- 
pears to  be  altogether  unsuited  to  Italy.  On  the 
other  hand,  we  know  that  the  native  Iberian 
tribes  are  related  to  have  considered  it  an  hon- 
ourable and  holy  mode  of  sepulture  to  be  de- 
voured by  a  vulture.  iElian,  N.  A.  x.  22.,  says 
that  the  Vaccaei,  a  Hesperian  tribe,  burn  the 
bodies  of  those  who  die  a  natural  death,  in  order 
to  stamp  their  effeminate  end  with  ignominy ;  but 
honour  those  who  die  in  war  by  casting  their 
bodies  to  the  vultures,  believing  the  vulture  to  be 
a  sacred  bird.  In  this  passage,  BaKKoioi  for  BapKcuoi, 
is  evidently  the  right  reading  (compare  Menage, 
ad  Diog.  Laert.  vi.  79.).  The  Vaccsei  were  a 
large  tribe  in  the  interior  of  Hispania  Tarraco- 
nensis.     Silius  says  of  the  Celtiberians  :  — 

"  His  pugna  cecidisse  decus,  corpusque  cremari 
Tale  nefas :  coelo  credunt  superisque  referri, 
Impastus  carpat  si  membra  jacentia  vultur." 

iii.  341—3. 

In  another  passage  he  characterises  this  mode 
of  burial  as  common  to  all  Iberians : — 

•'  Tellure  (ut  perhibent)  is  mos  antiquus  IberS, 
Exanima  obscoenus  consumit  corpora  vultur." 

xiii.  471—2. 

Concerning  a  similar  custom  of  the  Caspians  in 
Asia  Minor,  see  Strab.  xi.  11.  8. 

Hence  it  seems  probable  that  for  'iToAi'a,  in  Ar- 


temidorus, we  should  read  'iffvavta  or  'l/Srjpia.  Even 
at  the  present  day  the  vulture  occurs  frequently 
in  Spain.  G.  C.  Lewis. 


VBESTEGAN  8    "  BESTITUTION. 

I  have  a  good  copy  of  the  edit,  princeps  of  Ver- 
stegan's  Restitution  of  Decayed  Intelligence,  1605. 

In  the  title-page  is  the  name  "  Will.  Walker," 
with  the  canting  motto  :  "  W^ill  and  Walke  aright." 
The  initials  highly  ornamented,  and  the  hand- 
writing fine,  about  the  date  of  Charles  I.  or  the 
Commonwealth. 

The  engravings  are  very  fine.  Who  is  the  en- 
graver ?  No  name,  or  initial,  or  mark  appears 
on  any  one  of  them. 

The  last  leaf  contains  the  arms  of  the  Verste- 
gans,  inscribed  at  the  foot :  "  Insignia  vestustas 
familisB  Versteganorum,"  etc.  Upon  the  back  of 
this  leaf  is  the  following  manuscript  note,  in  a 
very  difficult  running  secretary  hand  of  the  reign 
of  James  I.  The  Latin  is  not  first-rate :  the  tran- 
script is  perfectly  accurate. 

If  Verstegan  was  the  author  of  the  acrostic  on 
"Elizabeth"  (2°'*  S.  vii.  45.),  he  must  have 
changed  his  views  a  good  deal  after  his  abode  at 
Brussels.  W.  P.  P. 

"  Verstegan  was  one  of  that  devillish  traytor  Parsons 
his  agents  at  Bruxells  in  the  dayes  of  Q.  Eliz.,  who 
being  a  base  fellow,  and  haveing  no  more  gentleman's 
bloude  in  his  bodie  than  in  a  coupeir's  son,  nor  scant  so 
much  of  high  breed  may  the  couper  be,  yet  toke  uppoa 
him  to  cotize  the  English  nobles  and  gentles  there, 
affirming  that  there  were  not  past  3  or  4  in  those  coasts 
of  all  0""  nation  y*  were  of  anie  noble  or  generous  blood, 
coat  armo'  or  ancestrie,  viz.  The  Erie  of  Westmorlande, 
the  E.  Dacres,  and  as  I  rememb''  the  next  was  himself  or 
S'  Will'm  Stanley,  I  know  not  whether,  but  either  S' 
Knight  or  S""  Knave  was  in  the  3<^  place.  Whereuppon 
followed  a  foule  adoe  in  the  Flemish  Court  for  awhile, 
sundrie  of  noble  and  genrous  bloud  being  mightily  dis- 
graced by  this  base  companion's  information  giuen  to  the 
prince  in  derogation  of  o"^  Englishe  gentrie.  And  this 
untriall  gentleman  was  one  of  that  nobleman  ffa''  Par- 
sons spies,  intelligencers,  and  blazoners  of  what  infamyes 
as  were  to  be  conveyed  thence  abroad  into  Italie,  Spaine, 
France,  &c.  It  Theis  are  the  wordes  of  W.  Watson,  the 
Preist,  in  his  Quodlibets  of  State  and  Religion,  Quodlibet 
3d,  Art.  7,  pag.  257. 

"  Where  allso  in  the  next  wordes  he  showed  how 
Parsons  delt  seriously  with  the  Pope  about  the  ex- 
co'icateing  of  the  K.  of  Scots,  James  the  G,  o''  now 
dread  Sovereigne  being  by  Parsons  his  traytorous 
sentence  denounced  an  obstinate  hereticke,  &c. 

"  Hsec  ad  insignia  vetustae  familiae  Versteganorum 
appendant'  remnisci  isto  tenebrione  et  Nebu- 
lone  dignissimi,"  etc. 


NEW  CATALOGUE  OF  SHAKSPEARIANA. 

{Continued  from  2"'>  S.  vii.  438.  490.) 
In  continuation  of  the  list,  so  well  begun  by 
Mb.  Wylib  and  Mb.  Reid,  I  send  the  following ; 


2''d  S.  VIII.  July  2.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


none  of  which  appear  in  the  catalogues  supplied 
by  those  gentlemen,  nor  in  Mr.  Halliwell's  Shak- 
speariana,  published  in  1841.  The  arrangement 
followed  will  facilitate  reference  to  that  work. 

Single  Plays. 

The  Merchant  of  Fewice.— Altered  and  very  much  im- 
proved by  Lord  Lansdowne.  8vo.  T.  Johnson  at  the 
Hague.    1711. 

The  Taming  of  the  Shrew.  —  Cobler  of  Preston  ("an  al- 
teration of  The  Taming  of  the  Shrew).  By  Mr.  Johnson. 
Front.     1716. 

Macbeth.  —  French,  par  J.  F.  Ducis.   8vo.   Paris.   1816. 

1623,  with  the  variations  of  1632,   1664,  and 

1687,  with  notes  (in  German).  By  DeUus.  8vo.  Bre- 
men, 1841. 

Henry  /F.  —  With  the  Humors  of  Sir  John  Falstaff,  a 
Tragi-Comedy.  London.  1710.  Unique,  probably  printed 
abroad. 

Henry  VI.  —  The  Roses,  or  King  Henry  the  6th,  al- 
tered by  Dr.  Valpj'.     8vo.     Reading.     1795. 

Richard  III.— ^io.    London.    1605.    Printed  by  Tho- 
mas Creede,  and  are  to  be  sold  by  Mathew  Lawe. 
Copy  in  the  Bodleian  library  [Unique?]. 

.  Newly  altered  by  Bridgman.     8vo.     1820. 

Coriolanus.  —  Italian.     8vo.     Florence.     1834. 

Juliui  Ccesar.  —  4to.     London.     1684. 

4to.     London,  n.  d.  [1696 ?]. 

Italian.     Florence.     1829. 

Latine  redditam,  a  Henrico  Denison.  8vo.  Lon- 
don.    1856. 

Translated  into  French  Verse  with  the  English 

Text  at  the  foot  of  the  pages ;  preceded  by  a  Study,  and 
followed  by  Notes.    By  C.  Carlhaut.    Paris.     1856. 

King  Lear.  —  Collated  with  the  old  and  modern  editions 
[by  C.  Jennens].    8vo.     1770. 

French.     8vo.     Paris.     1783. 

English  and  German.     12mo.     Leipzig.     1794. 

Romeo  and  Juliet.  —  French.     Paris.     1772. 

French.    Par  J.  F.  Ducis.    8vo.    Paris.     1813. 

—  Italian.     Rome.     1826. 

Hamlet. — 4to.  London.  1676.  The  first  4to.  edition 
after  the  Restoration.  The  text  is  very  depraved,  but  it 
was  reprinted  many  times,  even  so  late  as  1737. 

An  Opera,  as  it  is  performed  at  the  Queen's 

Theatre  in  the  Haymarket,  London.  1712.  —  Founded, 
not  on  Shakspeare's  Play,  but  upon  the  old  "  Historie  of 
Hamlet." 

French.    Par  J.  F.  Ducis.    8vo.  Paris.    1816. 

Othello.  —  German.     Leipzig.     1802. 

German.     Jena.     1806. 

French.    Par  J.  F.  Ducis.    8vo.    Paris.     1817. 

Commentaries,  Essays,  S^c. 

Antient  and  Modern  Stages  Survey'd.  By  J.  Drake, 
1699. 

(Contains  curious  early  specimens  of  Shakspearian  criti- 
cism.) 

Hypolitus  Earl  of  Douglas,  with  the  Secret  History  of 
Mack-beth  King  of  Scotland,  taken  from  a  very  ancient 
MS.    8vo.     1708. 

Of  Verbal  Criticism,  an  Epistle  to  Mr.  Pope,  occa- 
sioned bv  Theobald's  Shakspeare,  and  Bentley's  Milton. 
Fol.     1733. 

(A  satire  on  the  Shakspearian  commentators.) 

Essay  on  Wit,  Humor,  &c.,  aild  on  the  Character  of 
Sir  John  Falstaff  and  others.     1744. 

Falstaff's  Wedding,  a  Comedy  written  in  imitation  of 
Shakspeare,  by  W.  Kerrick.    London,    1773. 

Letters  of  Literature,  with  Critical  Remarks  on  Shak- 
speare.   By  J.  P.  Heron  (Robert  Pinkerton).  8yo.  1786. 


lago  displayed,  showing  how  Cassio  accused  lago  of 
corruption,  n.  d. 

Essays  by  a  Society  of  Gentlemen  at  Exeter  [on  lago, 
Shylock,  &c.].    8vo.    Exeter.     1796. 

Precious  Relics ;  or  the  Tragedy  of  Vortigern  rehearsed. 
A  dramatic  piece  in  two  acts.    London,     1796. 

Letters  from  an  English  Traveller,  and  a  Fragment  of 
Shakspeare.  By  Rev,  Martin  Sherlock.  2  vols.  8vo. 
London.     1802. 

Essay  on  Henry  V.  when  Prince  of  Wales.  By  Alex, 
Luders.    8vo.    London.     1813. 

Literary  History  of  the  18th  Century.  By  J.  Nichols. 
8vo.    London.    1817.    The  second  volume. 

(This  volume  contains  pp.  189-654.,  the  Shakspearian 
correspondence  of  Lewis  Theobald,  Dr.  Thirlby,  and  Mr, 
Warburton.) 

Essav  on  the  Genius  of  Shakspeare,  By  H,  M,  Graves, 
12mo.  'Lond.  1826. 

An  Appendix  to  the  Works  of  Shakspeare,  containing 
his  Life  by  Skottowe;  his  Poems,  a  critical  Glossary 
compiled  from  Nares  and  others.  Roy.  8vo,  Leipzic, 
1826. 

The  Life  and  Humors  of  Falstaff.  A  Comedy,  com- 
piled from  Shakspeare.     12mo.     Lond.  1829. 

Catalogue  of  the  various  Articles  contained  in  Clara 
Fisher's  Shakspearian  Cabinet.     8vo.     1830. 

Shakspeare   and    his  Commentators,    from   Lowndes' 
Bibliographical  Manual.    Post  8vo.    Lond.  1831. 
(Only  52  copies  printed.) 

Da  Ponto  (Luigi)  Giulietta  e  Romeo,  Novella  Storica, 
la  Novella  di  Baudello,  il  Poemetti  di  Clizia  ed  altre, 
con  lUustrazioni  Storiche  e  Bibliographiche.  A.  Torri. 
Pisa,  1831.     Plates. 

Lectures  on  Shakspeare.  By  R.  B.  Hardy.  18mo. 
1834. 

Oration  on  the  Life,  Character,  and  Genius  of  Shak- 
speare.    Bv  George  Jones.    8vo.     1836. 

Chefs  d'CEuvre  de  Shakspeare,  Othello,  Hamlet,  Mac- 
beth, Richard  III.,  Romeo  and  Juliet,  Merchant  of  Ve- 
nice, in  French  and  English  on  opposite  pages,  with 
Notes  critiques  et  historiques  par  D.  O'Sullivan.  2 
vols.     1837. 

Proposal  for  erecting  a  Monument  to  Shakspeare.  8vo. 
1837. 

Falstaff,  a  Shakspearian  Tract.  By  J.  H.  Hackett. 
1840.    Privately  printed. 

Essay  on  English  Tragedy,  with  Remarks  on  Shak- 
speare.   By  —  Guthrie.    8vo. 

What  does  Hamlet  mean  ?    8vo.    Lond. 

Commentaries  on  the  Historical  Plays  of  Shakspeare. 
By  the  Hon.  T,  P.  Courtenay.  2  vols.  8vo.  London, 
1840. 

Letter  to  John  Murray  upon  an  aesthetic  Edition  of 
the  Works  of  Shakspeare.  By  Spencer  Hall.  Roy,  8vo. 
London.   1841. 

Shakespeare  AfFe  oder  Leben  un  Lieben  ein  Lustspiel, 
Bern,  Brummer.     8vo.     Amberg.     1841. 

A  House  for  Shakspeare,  a  Proposition  for  the  Con- 
sideration of  the  Nation.     By  W.  Wilson.     8vo. 

Omtrekken  eener  Algemeene  Litteratuur  oder  William 
Shakespeare  en  Deszelf  Werken  door  J.  MouUn, 
(Tweedstuck).     8vo.     Te  Kampen.     1845. 

(A  very  useful  Bibliography,  as  it  points  out  the 
various  Essays,  &c.  that  have  been  published  in  periodi- 
cals, English  as  well  as  foreign.) 

Hamlet,  an  Attempt  to  find  the  Key  to  a  great  moral 
Problem.     By  E.  Strachey.     8vo.     London.     1848. 

Shakespeare,  von  G.  G.  Gervinus.   8vo.   Leipzig.  1849. 

(A  Biography  of  the  Poet,  and  Remarks  on  his  Works. 
4  vols.) 

Account  of  the  Chandos  Portrait  of  Shakspeare.  8vo. 
London.    1849. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[a^'i  S.  VlII.  July  2.  '^0, 


Prize  Essay  on  the  Historical  Plaj's  of  Shakspeare. 
8vo.    London'.     1850. 

A  new  Boke  about  Shakspeare  and  Stratford-upon- 
Avon.    By  J.  O.  Halliwell.    4to.     London.     1850. 
(Printed  for  private  circulation.) 

Sentiments  and  Similes  of  William  Shakspeare,  illu- 
minated in  the  ancient  iMissal  Style.  By  H.  N.  Hum- 
phrey.   4to.    London.     1851. 

Truths  illustrated  by  {rreat  Authors.  A  Dictionary  of 
nearly  4000  Aids  to  Reflexion,  Quotations,  &c.,  from 
Shakspeare  and  other  great  Writers.  8vo.  London. 
1852. 

Chasles  (Philartte)  Etudes  sur  Shakspeare,  Marie 
Stuart  et  Aretin.     8vo.     Paris 

The  Text  of  Shakspeare :  an  Article  in  North  British 
Review,  December,  1853.     [By  G.  L.  Craik.] 

The  Wisdom  and  Genius  of  Shakspeare,  comprising 
Moral  Philosophy,  Delineations  of  Character,  &c.  12rao. 
London.  1853. 

Collier,  J.  P.,  Alte  Handschriftliche  Emendationem 
zum  Shakespeare  gewilrdigt  von  Dr.  Delias.  Bonn. 
1853. 

Leo,  F.  A.,  BeitrUoje  und  Verbesserungen  zu  Shake- 
speare's Dramen.  Berlin.  1853.  [On  J.  P.  Collier's 
Folio,  1G32.] 

New  Readings  in  Shakspeare :  in  Blackwood's  Maga- 
zine for  .August,  September,  and  October,  1853. 

Der  Perkin's  Shakspeare.  By  T.  Momnisen.  8vo. 
Berlin.     1854. 

The  Philosophy  of  the  Plays  of  Shakspeare  unfolded. 
By  Delia  Bacon,  with  a  Preface  by  Nat.  Hawthorne. 
8vo.     London.     1857. 

The  Beauties  of  Shakspeare;  a  Lecture  delivered  at 
Stratford-on-Avon,  23rd  April,  1857.  By  John  Wise. 
London.     1857. 

Shakspeare's  Sonnets :  an  Article  in  the  Westminster 
Review  for  April  (?)  1857. 

L.  A.  B.  W. 

C8.  Bolsover  Street,  W. 


GLEANINGS  FROM  WEITBKS  OF  THE  SEVENTEENTH 
CENTUKY,  ILLUSTRATIVE  OF  PKOVERBS,  WORDS, 
ETC. 

(Contviued/rom  2"<»  S.  vi.  321.) 
Words  :  — 

"  We  live  in  a  stupid  age.  The  greatest  stroakes  of 
God,  if  any  whit  remote,  scarce  make  the  least  dint : 
those  that  cut  to  the  quick  usually  be  doft  too  soon."  — 
Remains  of  Mr.  Richard  Capel.  London,  1658.  Prefatory 
Address. 

"  We  may  be  left  to  green  heads,  to  those  that  be  little 
better  than  children."  —  lb. 

"  He  would  bolt  out  that,  out  of  the  holy  book  of  God, 
that  would  not  come  into  another  man's  consideration." 
—lb. 

"  'Tis  no  wonder,  then,  that  the  cream  of  the  whole 
country  .  ,  .  would  hang  on  his  ministry."  —  lb. 

"He  would  be  far  front  those  battohgies  and  miserable 
extravagancies,"  &c.  —  lb. 

"  Sometimes  in  such  dumps,"  &c.  — lb. 

"  Get  we  then  to  God,  He  can  stablish  the  shuttle 
heart."  —  lb. 

"  Again,  gingle  not  with  termes  that  be  improper  in 
matters  of  Religion. "  —  lb. 

"  Learn  to  be  more  above  board  in  all  our  dealings." 
—  lb. 

"Not  to  the  half  nor  quarterth  part  of  a  common  apo- 
tliecarie's  bill."  —  lb. 


"Erasmus  hurt  the  Pope  more  by  his  jesting  than 
Luther  by  his  ruffling,"  Sic.  —  Reviams  of  Mr.  Richard 
Capel.     London,  1658.    Prefatory  Address. 

"  Age  creeping  one"  —  lb. 

"  These  and  his  other  eminencies  would  be  laid  in  oule 
&nd  lime  by  him  that  hath  a  better  pencil."  —  lb. 

"There's  an  immanent  wheres  not  a  transient  power 
to  edifie."  —  lb. 

"  Some  scapes  in  the  printing,"  p  80.  of  the  following 
Treatise  on  the  Translation  of  the  Holy  Scriptures  ; — 

"  That  we  may  not  leave  any  rubb  in  the  consciences  of 
the  weak.  — lb.,  p.  19. 

_  (In  this  treatise  the  word  sith  occurs  twelve 
times.) 

"  In  this  universal  scare-fire."  —  The  Balm  of  Gilead. 
A  Sermon  preached  by  Anih.  Tucknerj,  D.D.,  Aug."  30,  1643, 
London,  1654,  p.  11. 

"  Like  a  wruckt  man,"  &c.  —  lb.,  13. 

"Be  a  means  that  she  (i.  e.  vour  native  countrv), 
which  hath  suckled  you  with  lier  milk,  may  not  "be 
slocken  in  her  own  blood." — Jb.,  44. 

"  You  shall  find  all  hopes  and  expectations  dasht,  all 
ankers  coming  home,"  &c.  —  lb.,  56. 

"Anker,  shipicrack."  —  lb.,  62. 

"If  circumstances  can  i((?i?e»  them  of  the  largest  size." 

—  lb.,  74. 

"  Death's  sting  can  pierce,  even  to  the  quick,  through 
such  a  callous  brawnynesse."  —  A.  Tuckney's  Sermon  on 
Death  disarmed,  p.  25. 

"He  thinks  he  is  still  raiding  and  tossing  in  the  tem- 
pest."—76.,  109. 

"  Then  all  vizards  will  be  laid  aside,  all  black  patches 
and  beauty  spnts  that  covered  foul  sores  will  he  pluckt  off." 

I'  No  more  is  a  true  godly  spirit  hindered  in  his  way  by 
this  scorn  (or  reproach),  then  one  riding  on  with  strength 
in  his  journey,  hindred  by  the  barking  of  ivhappets  at  his 
horse  heeh."  —r  Burroughs  on  the  Excellency  of  a  Gracious 
Spirit.     London,  1638,"p.  64. 

"The  child  that  thou  snibbedst  and  reprovest."  —  Bur- 
roughs on  Hosea.     London,  1652,  vol.  i.  p.  52. 

"  Bewetted  with  the  tempest." — lb ,  bb. 

I' Because  God  revealeth  such  rich  grace  in  the  middest 
of  judgment,  let  this  engage  your  hearts  to  the  Lord  for 
ever."  —  lb.,  72. 

"  It  hath  been  matter  enough  for  a  godly,  painful,  con- 
scionable  minister  to  be  outed  of  all  he  hath  in  an  in- 
stant."—/6.,  82. 

"  Many  times  in  dark  corners  in  the  country  where 
they  never  had  the  knowledge  of  Jesus  Christ,  but  were 
nuzled  up  in  Poperj',  and  all  kinds  of  superstitious 
vanity."  —  lb.,  85. 

"  A  dead  luskish  spirit  is  liable  to  a  thousand  tempta- 
tions."—/A.,  92. 

"  We  shall  have  nothing  but  braUlng  and  divisions  ; 
what  shall  every  man  be  left  to  do  what  he  list?"  — 
lb.,  98. 

"They  have  wide,  checker,  lyiher  consciences,  and  hav- 
ing ends  of  their  own,  they  will  yield  to  anything  for  the 
attaining  of  those  ends." —  lb.,  102. 

"  What  kind  of  dangers  did  inviron  the  Church,  and 
do  inviron  it."  —  lb.,  116. 

"Those  on  ship-board  shoot  out  to  have  them  come  to 
helpe,"&c.  —  7A.,  149. 

"The^'  (children)  should  be  very  carefull  in  keeping 
their  due  respect  to  their  parents,  and  not  speak  malla- 
perlly."  —  lb.,  152. 

"Pride,  arrogancy,  mallapertness."  —  lb.,  159. 

"  We  have  already  met  with  as  tickle  points  as  can  be." 

—  7^,161. 


Sb-JS-VIII.  Jt)LY2. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


"  They  did  batten  themselves,  and  suck  out  the  Egyp- 
tifin  manners."  —  Burroughs  on  Hosea.  London,  1C52, 
vol.  i.  172. 

"  If  this  affliction  that  thou  dost  so  riggle  to  get  out  of, 
and  thinkest  thyself  so  miserable  under  it,  had  not  be- 
faliie.  thee,  thou  mightest  have /a/n  into  the  pit,  and  been 
"lost."  —  lb.,  240. 

"They  keep  a  rigllng  and  a  stirre." — lb.,  246. 

"  Now  I  have  no  heart  to  pray ;  vea,  I  must  be  haled  to 
it."— /&.,  250. 

"  Conscience  hales  them  to  duty."  —  lb.,  463. 

"  The  i>f '■•  of  the  feast  himself  came  in."  —  lb.,  258. 

"  The  English  word  lewd  comes  from  loed,  an  old  Saxon 
•word,  which  signifieth  one  that  is  of  a  servile  disposition, 
of  an  under  spirit,"  §-c. —  lb.,  277. 

"  When  afflictions  come  on  the  wicked  they  are  all 
Amort."  —  lb.,  283. ;  also  vol.  iv.  200. 

"Their  hearts  were  put  all  a^ojr  with  their  feasts."  — 
lb.  287. 

"  When  you  hear  oi  Incomes  of  riches  flowing  in  upon 
you,"&e.  — 76.,  317, 

"  To  draw  them  aside  from  the  clutter  of  the  world." 

"  They  had  some  incklings  of  while  thev  were  here."  — 
lb.,  359." 

"You  have/e/cAes  because  you  meet  with  difficulties  in 
yonr  way."  —  lb.,  424. 

"  Much  adoe  there  is  before  our  hearts  can  be  gotten  to 
work  towards  God  in  good  earnest."  —  lb.,  443. 

"  They  are  very  hot  about  a  very  poore,  sorry,  cold 
businesse."  —  lb.,  452. 

"  We  lay  it  (a  filthy  garment),  soaking  a  great  while, 
and  a  frosting  many  nights,  the  Jews  have  lyne  a  soaking 
and  frostning  many  hundred  yeeres."  —  lb.,  500. 

"  Not  long  since  .  .  .  what  sumptuous  things  and 
fine  knaclis  had  they,  and  all  to  set  out  a  pompous  super- 
stitious way  of  worship."  —  lb.,  412. 

"  One  that  hathe  beene  acquainted  with  the  free  grace  of 
God  in  Christ,  will  serve  God  for  himself  without  indent- 
ing with  Him  :  he  will  be  willing  to  go  into  God's  vine- 
yard, and  not  indent  for  a  penny  a  daj'."  —  lb.,  206. 

,"  This  is  the  reason  that  your  Bride-well  or  Gaole- 
birds  seldome  or  never  come  to  good;  why?  because 
they  have  no  bridle  to  keep  them  in;  they  have  lost  all 
their  honour,  and  they  can  loose  no  more."  —  lb.,  215. ; 
and  vol.  iv.  35. 

"  The  word  that  signifies  detractor  in  the  Hebrew  is 
Rachil,  and  some  think  our  English  word  Rake-hell 
comes  from  that  word,  one  that  makes  no  conscience  to 
speak  falsely."  —  lb.,  ii.  44. 

"  Those  were  a  company  of  Promoters,  Apparitors,  and 
Baylifs."— 76.,  ii.  47. 

"  Many  young  men  that  have  lived  in  good  families, 
and  had  good  governors,  then  their  sin  was  restrained  ; 
but  afterward,  when  they  come  to  live  at  their  own  hand, 
then  they  break  out,  erumpunt  then." — lb.,  59. 

"  You  shall  find  them  by  their  very  gate,  they  walk 
so  peartley  abroad. — lb.,  112. 

"  It  is  your  fault  you  have  bezelled  it  away." — lb.,  212. 

"  But  presently  lay  in  a  wanzeing,  languishing,  sence- 
less  condition,  and  so  died. — lb.,  645. 

"  There  is  a  sullen  dumpish  sighing  of  spirit  and  de- 
jection of  soul  that  is  as  unpleasing  to  God  as  it  is  to 
men."— Vol.  iii.  168. 

"  A  wicked  swearing  deboist  officer  that  hath  a  spight 
against  godly  men  in  an  arm}',  will  set  them  on  the  most 
desperat  service,"  &c. — lb.,  257. 

"  Tradesmen  oppress  their  debtors,  when  they  have 
gotten  poor  men  into  their  debts,  then  thej'  will  make 
them  that  they  shall  buj'  of  them,  and  of  none  other,  and 
so  will  put  off  any  of  their  braided  ware  to  them,  and 
put  it  off  at  a  deer  rate." — Vol.  iv.  314.  . 

"  You  that  have  good  voiages  abroad." — lb.  328. 


"Oh!  how  ridged  are   they."  —  Burroughs  on  Hosea. 
London,  1652,  vol.  iv.  301. 
"  He  is  severe  and  he  is  ridged." — lb.,  170. 
"  Some,  behave  themselves  so  ridgedlg." — lb.,  341. 
"  Roughues-s  and  ridgedness,  and  cruelty." —  lb.,  390. 

(Query.  Do  these  last  quotations  suggest  a 
different  origin  of  the  word  from  the  Latin  rigidus, 
from  which  rigid  is  usually  derived  ?) 

Proverbs  and  Sayings,  ^c. — 

"  The  country  proverb  is  Hear  as  hogs  in  harvest.  .  .  . 
When  they  are  gotten  into  good  shach,  when  they  at 
home  call  them  and  knock  at  the  trough,  the  hogs  will 
lift  up  their  heads  out  of  the  stubble  and  listen,  but  fall 
to  their  shack  again." — Giles  Firmin,  Bcal  C'iristia}i,1670. 
p.  11. 

"  It  is  a  terrible  proverb,  but  I  believe  too  true,  '  Hell 
is  paved  with  the  sculls  of  great  scholars,  and  paled  in 
with  the  bones  of  rich  men." — 76 ,  30. 

"  We  say  of  a  man,  ♦  I  will  winter  him  and  summer 
him,  eat  a  bushel  of  salt  with  him,  before  I  can  trust  him 
as  a  bosom  friend.'  .  .  .  We  say  of  some  men,  '  The}'  aro 
such  subtle  deceivers  they  will  cheat  a  man  though  he 
stand,  and  look  on  them." — lb.,  242. 

"  A  short  .':purt  doth  not  tire  me,  the  length  and  hard- 
ness of  the  w^ay  will  at  last  tell  me  what  leg  1  halt  on."  — 
Anth.  l\ckney's  Sermon  on  Balm  of  Gilead,  p.  65. 

"  Death  (if  nothing  before),  will  break  many  a  knot  of 
good  fellows." — A.  Tuckney's  Serm.  Death  Disarmed,  p.  Ii. 

"  I  am  not  so  strait-laced  or  superstitious." — lb.,  35. 

"  It  seemeth  that  he  had  his  faith  at  his  finger's  ends." 
—lb.,  50. 

"  A  believer  in  the  outlet  of  his  life  hath  his  out-gate 
from  all  which  in  this  life  most  troubled  and  wounded 
him."— 76.,  81. 

"  They  that  ha.\e  feathered  their  nests  in  the  world,"  &c. 
—76.,  123. 

"  He  who  in  a  course  of  mortification  hath  done  the 
greater  will  not  stick  at  the  lesse ;  will  not  stick  to  part 
Avith  his  dear  life,  who  by  the  grace  of  Christ  hath  al- 
ready parted  with  his  dearer  lust." — Jb.,  137. 

"  Too  fierce  we  be  against  such  as  close  not  with  our 
notions.  It  was  Bell,  Book,  and  Candle  once,  'tis  not 
much  better  now.  .  .  We  cannot  all  cut  to  a  thread,  there 
will  be  some  variation  in  the  compasse ;  but  whilest  we 
aim  at  the  white,  the  oddes  is  to  be  passed  by  without 
bitterness." — Cupel's  Remains,  Prefatory  Address. 

"  Whilst  we  be  so  sharp  in  our  contests,-  Satan  makes 
his  markets;  Religion  goes  to  wrack,  our  differences 
widen." — 76. 

"  He  charged  his  servants  to  do  what  few  men  prac- 
tice ;  never  to  set  in  corn,  nor  to  bring  home  cattle,  but 
to  take  as  the  market  would  afford." — 76. 

"  It  is  an  usuall  thing  when  men  are  in  the  height  of 
their  pride  and  their  ruffe,  like  the  wild  asse's  colt,  to 
scorn  and  condemn  all  that  comes  against  them."  —  Bur- 
roughs on  Hosea,i.  13.;  also,  iii.  135. 

"  We  say,  that  which  commeth  from  the  heart,  will  go  to 
the  heart." — 76.,  16. 

f>  "  How  many  have  j'ou  known  who  have  been  willing 
0  part  with  that  which  they  had,  and  to  put  out,  as  it 
were,  to  the  wide  world? — 76.,  76. 

"  You  are  exceedingly  gulled  with  this  argument  many 
times."— 76.,  80. 

"  I  were  as  good  hold  my  peace,  sleepe  in  a  whole  skin, 
and  be  quiet."  —  76.  156. 

"  God  accounts  those  who  have  never  so  mnch  know- 
ledge, yet  if  it  do  not  sanctifie  the  Heart  so  as  to  give 
Him  the  glory,  they  are  blinde,  blinde  as  a  beetle." — 76.,  264. 

"  Perhapsmany  of  you  have  been  kind  to  your  friends, 
and  made  them,  as  we  say." — lb.,  267. 


8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  July  2.  '69. 


"  Rich  men  who  are  full-handed  do  not  understand 
what  a  burthen  it  is  for  men  to  hang  on  every  bush."  — 
Burroughs  on  Rosea.     London,  1652,  vol.  i.  303. 

"  If  there  be  no  peace  in  the  heart,  though  you  should 
live  to  see  outward  peace,  your  sins  would  dog  you,  would 
pursue  vou,  the  terrors  of  the  Almighty  would  he  on  you," 
&c.  —  ib.,  427. 

"  In  that  they  have  staid,  and  born  the  brunt." — lb.,  457. 

"  It  was  wont  to  be  a  phrase,  brown  bread  and  the  gospel 
is  good  fare."  —  lb.,  499.    Also,  vol.  ii.  217. 

"You  often  tell  your  lavish  wasting  servants,  they 
will  be  glad  of  a  crust  before  they  die."  —  JR>.,  276. 

"  These  people  have  Gunpowder  spirits,  that  a  little 
spark  of  fire  can  so  quickly  blow  them  up."  —  lb.,  vol. 
ii.  22. 

"  Those  things  that  one  would  think  were  as  plain  (as 
we  saj')  as  the  nose  on  a  man's  face."  —  Ib.  25. 

"  How  diametrically  cross  is  the  language  of  Scripture, 
and  the  doctrine  of  Papists !  Ignorance  is  the  mother  of 
devotion,  say  they  :  *  Ignorance  is  the  mother  of  destruc- 
tion,' saith  God,  *  they  perish  for  the  waixt  of  knowledge.' " 

—  /'•.,  90. 

"  Like  your  Chancellors  and  Commisaries  Courts  that 
were  wont  to  be,  they  cared  not  what  offences  there  were, 
they  rejoiced  at  long  presentments,  all  brought  giist  to  their 
mill."  —  lb.,  lOQ. 

"  Ministers  were  oppressed  in  their  estates,  their  liber- 
ties, but  especially  in  their  consciences,  if  they  would  not 
be  like  the  fiddler's  boy,  be  ready  to  dance  after  every  pipe." 

—  76.,  466. 

"  Wise  discerning  men  can  see  day  at  a  little  hole,  as  we 
use  to  say."  —  R.,  562. 

"  You  put  me  to  a  stand,  you  even  non  plus  me  in  this 
thing."  —  lb.,  568.     Also,  vol.  iii.  263. 

"  They  boulstered  up  themselves."  —  lb.,  598. 

"  We  use  to  say,  '  Well,  you  shall  never  be  a  peny  the 
better  for  me.'  "  —  Ib.,  605. 

"  They  had  a  proverb  in  Germany,  that  the  monks 
were  so  wicked,  there  was  nothing  so  bad  which  they 
could  think  of,  but  they  would  dare  do  it."  —  lb.,  632. 

"  They /afAered  their  errors  on  me."  —  J6.,  686. 

"  Now,  their  hearts  are  like  to  dead  beer,  all  their  spirit 
and  life  is  quite  gone."  —  lb.,  128. 

"  Many  have  very  fair  pretences,  they  think  they  have 
this,  and  that  warrant  out  of  the  Scripture  for  it,  but  all 
the  while  there  is  a  pad  in  the  straw,  there  is  their  living 
and  trading,  and  estates  and  friends  that  they  have  an 
eye  upon,  and  it  is  that  which  byasses  their  hearts  and 
spirits."  • —  Vol.  iii.  153. 

"  If  the  worst  come  that  can,  I  hope  we  may  have  time 
enough  to  get  one  way  or  other  to  make  shift  to  live,  and 
these  back  doors  that  their  eyes  are  upon,  have  made  them 
less  solicitous  about,  and  less  helpful  in  the  great  things 
that  God  calls  all  together  to  joyn  together  with  al  their 
strength,"  &c.  —  lb.,  182. 

"  No  men  or  women  have  their  hearts  sink  in  despera- 
tion more  than  those  that,  in  ruffe  of  their  pride,  are  the 
most  bold  and  presumptuous  against  God,  and  His  ser- 
vants." —  lb.,  360. 

"  Justice  should  be  like  the  water  in  the  Thames,  that 
the  poorest  of  all,  may  have  it,  for  the  very  fetching  ofH0 

—  Ib.,  374. 

"  Oh !  what  foul  souls  many  of  them  have,  their  beauty 
is  but  skin  deep."  —  lb.,  434. 

"  We  use  to  say,  '  it's  a  woman's  reason  to  say,  I  will 
do  such  a  thing  because  /  wil  it.'  "  —  Vol.  iv.  80. 

"  They  leave  them  in  the  lurch  many  times."  —  lb.,  172. 

"  If  those  who  are  the  dear  Saints  of  God,  that  worship 
Him  in  truth  and  sincerity,  and  have  evils  among  them, 
but  yet  they  sh nil  not  escape  scot  free,  Oh!  then,  what 
will  become  of  thee."  —  lb.,  215. 


"Ofgoodsillgot, 
The  third  heir  joyeth  not." 
Burroughs  on  Hosea.     London,  1652,  vol.  iv.  819. 
"  We  call  rich  men  substantial  men,  such  a  man  (we 
saj')  is  a  substantial  man,  for  indeed  all  the  substance 
that  the  world  looks  after  is  riches,  they  account  it  sub- 
stance."—  lb.,  325. 

"  Having  got  himself  warm  in  the  nest,"  &c.  —  lb.,  423. 
"  As  we  speak  of  some,  '  Give  them  line  enough,  and 
they  will  quickly  hang  themselves."  —  lb.,  517. 

"  They  are  presently  upon  the  merry  pin," — lb.,  iii.  139. 

S.  M.  S. 
(Zb  he  continued.') 


Sqimring  the  Circle. — Of  course  you  and  many 
of  your  readers  are  acquainted  with  the  game  of 
"  squaring  "  a  given  word,  which  has  of  late  been 
current  in  society.  I  do  not  know  whether  any 
notice  of  this  ingenious  amusement  falls  within 
your  field.  If  so,  you  will  perhaps  put  upon 
record  the  "  squaring  of  the  circle  "  which  I  send 
you.     It  is  as  follows  :  — 


c 

I 

B 

C 

L 

E 

I 

c 

A 

E 

U 

S 

K 

A 

B 

E 

S 

T 

C 

R 

E 

A 

T 

E 

ESTEEM. 

The  condition  of  this  squaring  is  that  every 
line,  horizontal  and  vertical,  shall  be  a  known 
word. 

There  are  very  probably  other  ways  of  "  squar- 
ing the  circle  :"  if  so,  I  should  be  glad  to  see  them. 

I  may  remark  that  the  reason  why  the  circle  is 
especially  difficult  to  square  in  this  way  is,  that 
in  it  three  consonants  come  together,  r  c  l  ;  and 
these  of  course,  in  making  the  other  words,  must 
each  be  followed  by  a  vowel  or  a  liquid.      W.  W. 

Oxfordshire  Proverb.  —  In  Fuller's  Worthies  of 
Oxfordshire,  I  find  the  following  proverb  among 
the  old  county  sayings,  and  forward  it  with  a  por- 
tion of  the  author's  comment.  Let  me  add  that 
the  large  sweeping  dress,  at  present  in  fashion, 
has  been  a  subject  of  reproof  and  satire  whenever 
It  has  appeared,  from  the  time  of  Latimer  to  this 
day.  Farthingales^  or  verdingales,  are  defined  by 
Johnson  as  "  circles  of  whalebone  used  to  spread 
out  the  petticoat  to  a  wide  circumference"  :  — 
"  Send  Verdingales  to  Broad  Gates  *  in  Oxford. 

"  This  will  acquaint  us  with  the  female  habit  of  former 
ages,  used  not  only  by  the  gadding  Dinahs  of  that  age, 
but  by  most  sober  Sarahs  of  the  same  —  so  cogent  is  a 
common  custom.     With  these  verdingales,  the  gowns  of 

*  The  allusion  is  to  Pembroke  College,  in  Oxford, 
which  at  one  time  "  received  the  name  of  Broad  Gates 
from  the  wide  form  of  its  entrance, '  Aula  cum  lata  portS.,' 
or  '  Aula  latfe  portensis.'  " 


2'"»  S.  VIII.  July  2.  '59.'^ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


women  beneath  their  waists  were  pent-housed  out  far 
beyond  their  bodies;  so  that  posterity  will  wonder  to 
what  purpose  those  bucklers  of  paste-board  were  em- 
ployed  These  by  degrees  grew  so  vast,  that  their 

wearers  could  not  enter  (except  going  side-  long)  at  any 
ordinary  door ;  which  gave  the  occasion  to  this  proverb. 
But  these  verdingales  have  been  disused  these  forty  years ; 
whether  because  women  were  convinced  in  their  con- 
sciences of  the  vanity  of  this,  or  allured  in  their  fancies 
with  the  novelty  of  other  fashions,  I  will  not  {^termine." 

Fbancis  Trench. 
Islip. 

Bartholomew  Thomas  Duhigg. — Mr.  Duhigg, 
Librarian  to  the  Honourable  Society  of  King's 
Inns,  Dublin,  devoted  no  small  portion  of  bis 
time  to  legal  study  and  publication  ;  as  proved  by 
his  Letter  to  the  Right  Hon.  Charles  Abbot,  on  the 
Arrangement  of  Irish  Records,  Sfc.  (8vo.  Dublin, 
1801);  his  King' s Inns  Remembrances  (8vo.  Dublin, 
1805);  and  his  more  comprehensive  work,  en- 
titled History  of  the  King's  Inns,  or,  an  Account 
of  the  Legal  Body  in  Ireland,  from  its  Connexion 
with  England  (8vo.,  Dublin,  1806). 

Mr.  Rohn,  in  his  edition  of  Lowndes's  Manual, 
informs  us  that  the  History  of  the  King's  Inns  is 
"in  three  Parts,  two  Parts  published;"  but  this 
is  an  inaccuracy.  I  have  Part  III.,  as  well  as  the 
other  two,  at  this  moment  before  me. 

The  pamphlet,  entitled  King's  Inns  Remem- 
brances; is  "  an  Account  of  Irish  Judges  on  the 
Revival  of  the  King's  Inns  Society  in  1607  ;"  and 
in  a  note  appended  to  Part  III.  of  his  History,  the 
author  states  that  "  he  is  anxiously  determined  to 
complete  King's  Inns  Remembrances,  or  an  ac- 
count of  eminent  legal  men  fi'om  the  earliest  sera 
in  Irish  annals,  and  also  an  History  of  the  late 
Union."  Did  Mr.  Duhigg  carry  his  intentions 
into  effect  ?  When  did  he  die  ?  And  has  any 
biographical  sketch  appeared  in  print  ?       Abhba. 

King  James's  Army  List.  —  Mr.  D'AIton  (at  p. 
728.)  says  that  Colonel  Rochfort  was  tried  in 
1651  for  being  a  Royalist.  Mason,  in  his  History 
of  St.  Patrick's,  Dublin,  gives  the  details  of  the 
court  martial ;  from  which  it  would  appear  that 
he  was  tried  9th  March,  1651,  for  the  murder  of 
his  major — a  very  different  offence.  He  was 
found  guilty,  and  sentenced  to  death ;  but  the 
sentence  was  not  executed  for  upwards  of  a  year. 
Mr.  D'AIton  has  also  fallen  into  mistakes  about  the 
creation  of  sundry  baronetcies,  which  he  says  were 
granted  before  in  reality  the  order  was  in  exist- 
ence. Y.  S.  M. 

"  Memoirs  of  General  Joseph  Holt." — In  p.  xxii. 
of  the  Preface  to  the  Memoirs  of  Joseph  Holt,  it 
is  stated  that  "  the  manuscript  of  these  volumes 
[2  vols.  8vo.  London,  1838]  was  procured  by  Sir 
William  Betham  from  Joseph  Harrison  Holt,  the 
son  of  the  writer,  not  long  after  his  father's 
death."  And  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  late  Mr. 
Thos.  Crofton  Croker's  library,  which  was  sold  by 


Messrs.  Puttick   &    Simpson  in   1834,  there  ap- 
pears, amongst  other  MSS.,  the  following  item: — 

«  592.  Memoirs  of  Holt,  General  of  the  Irish  Rebels, 
edited  from  his  original  MSS.  by  T.  Crofton  Croker,  the 
MS.  in  Mr.  Croker's  hand."  • 

I  have  this  MS.  in  my  possession ;  and  it  is 
curious,  containing  much  more  than  what  has 
been  printed,  and  showing  the  many  alterations 
made  by  the  editor.  Where  is  the  original  MS. 
at  present  ?  I  may  add  what  is  not  mentioned 
by  Mr.  Croker,  that  Holt  and  his  wife  lie  buried 
in  the  old  churchyard  of  Monkstown,  near  Dub- 
lin ;  and  that  there  is  a  headstone  to  their  me- 
mory, "  erected  by  their  eldest  son,  Joshua  Holt 
of  Sydney."  Abhba. 

Provincial  Words  :  "Pishty,"  "  Cess-here."  —  In 
parts  of  Gloucestershire  a  young  dog  is  called  a 
pishty,  and  is  invited  to  come  by  the  words  ^'pishty, 
pishty."  In  like  manner  a  dog  is  invited  to  come 
to  his  food  thus,  "Cess-here,  cess-here."  Is  either 
of  these  words  used  elsewhere  ?  and  whence  are 
they  derived  or  corrupted  ?  P.  P.  Q. 


^ntvitg. 


ABIGAIL   HILL. 


It  will  be  admitted  by  everyone  who  has  given 
much  attention  to  the  four  last  years  of  Q.  Anne's 
reign,  —  when,  more  than  at  any  other  period  of 
English  history,  since  the  Revolution  of  1688,  the 
succession  to  the  throne  trembled  in  the  balance, — 
that  the  ruling  spirit  of  that  eventful  period  was 
Abigail,  Lady  Masham.  The  comparative  obscu- 
rity into  which  her  name  has  since  fallen  may  be, 
in  a  great  measure,  attributable  to  that  unobtru- 
siveness,  —  not  the  least  singular  point  in  her  very 
remarkable  character, — which  led  her  to  content 
herself  with  the  reality  of  power,  and  avoid  its 
parade.  Hence,  while  Sir  Walter  Scott  styles 
her  truly  "  the  patroness  of  Tories,"  less  discern- 
ing writers  have  spoken  of  her  as  a  creature  or 
tool  in  the  hands  of  that  party :  a  supposition, 
one  would  think,  sufficiently  refuted  by  the  plain 
facts,  that,  after  rescuing  her  royal  mistress  from 
the  intolerable  yoke  of  the  Marlboroughs,  Abigail 
Hill  removed  Lord  Treasurer  Gndolphin  to  make 
room  for  her  cousin  Harley  ;  and,  again,  removed 
Harley  with  as  little  ceremony  when  it  appeared 
that  he  hesitated  to  go  the  required  lengths  to- 
wards the  restoration  of  the  Queen's  brother. 

There  can  be  no  reasonable  doubt  that  the 
character  of  Lady  Masham  (naturally  in  her 
own  time  the  butt  of  political  squibs  and  ribaldry 
from  the  opposite  party)  is  not  in  the  present  day 
fairly  appreciated.  Miss  Strickland,  however, 
writes :  — 

"  Lady  Masham  wrote  in  a  better  style  than  Secretary 
Harley  or  any  of  the  courtiers  of  the  era ;  as  any  one 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2««»  S.  Till.  July  2.  '69. 


may  ascertain  who  compares  their  respective  composi- 
tions. It  is  liltewise  undeniable  that  her  letters  surpass 
those  of  the  authors  and  poets  among  whose  correspond- 
ence they  are  found." 

I  subjoin  a  genealogical  scrap,  and  shall  be  glad 
if  any  of  your  readers  can  throw  light  on  a  point 
of  which  I  have  hitherto  met  no  elucidation, — the 
connexion  between  Abigail  Hill  and  the  Harley 
family.  Harley's  mother,  it  is  well  known,  was 
A-bigail  Stephens  of  Essington,  in  Gloucestershire ; 
on  the  other  hand,  the  mother  of  Abigail  Hill  was 
a  grand-daughter  of  Sir  J.  Jennings,  —  a  cousin, 
therefore,  of  the  Duchess  Sarah. 

(Of  the  family  of  De  la  Hill,  Kilininton,  Devon, 

Sj»  Robert  Hill.     <    Judge  of  Common  Pleas  under  Hen.  IV.,  Hen. 

I (.   v.,  and  Hen.  TI.,  High  Sheriff  of  DeTon,  1437. 

Bobert. 

I 


Richard,  settled  at  Truro  about  1600. 


Richard,  Treasurer  to  the  "Long  Pari.,  1G12-49, 
Abraham,  First  Treasurer  to  the  R.  Society. 
Richard,  died  without  issue. 


Thomas. 

I 
Francis. 

I 
Abigail,        William. 
Lady  Masham.         | 


William. 
Peter. 


Samuel  Lord  Masham, 
died  without  issue, 
1776. 


Anne,  married 
Henry  Hoare, 

Esq.,  1736. 


William=Anne  Vivian. 

^1 

Capt.  Thos.  HiU=P.  Grenfell. 


ReT.Pascoe  Grenfell  Hill,  present  representative  of  the  family. 

H.  D'AVENEY. 

Norwich. 


ZACHABY  BOYD. 


Believing  that  a  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
can  resolve  most  questions  relating  to  the  literary 
productions  of  the  Rev.  Zachary  Boyd,  I  beg  to 
inquire  if  he  can  furnish  any  precise  information 
regarding  the  dates  and  peculiarities  of  the  several 
editions  of  The  Psalmes  of  David  in  Meeter,  by  the 
Minister  of  the  Baronie  Church  ? 

I  have  a  copy  of  that  Prirded  at  Glasgow  hy  the 
Heires  of  Geo.  Anderson,  1648,  where  the  author, 
in  an  address  To  the  R.  Rev.  the  faithfull  Minis- 
ters of  God's  Word  of  Britain  and  Ireland,  says, 
in  1644  he  put  his  hand  to  this  work  of  the 
Psalmes,  "whereof  I  give  you  now  the  last  edition." 
Again,  "I  hope  the  judicious  reader  shall  finde 
this  last  edition  mended  in  many  things ;  and,  if 
any  thing  hath  been  observed  by  any  in  former 
editions,  let  them  consider  it  to  bee  mended  in 
this  last;"  which  several  passages  indicate  at  least 
a  third  impression;  but  as  Mr,  Neil,  and  others, 
specially  name  a  third  edition  under  date  1646,  I 
suppose  I  must  consider  mine  the  fourth,  and 
most  probably  the  final  completion  of  the  travells 
of  Mr.  Zachary  in  this  line. 


In  my  book  the  prose  alternates  with  the  meeter, 
and  there  is  subjoined  "The  Songs  of  the  Old 
and  New  Testament,"  with  the  same  imprint,  pre- 
ceded by  an  address,  dated  Glasgow,  27th  Feb. 
1648,  wherein  he  states  that  he  had  been  ex- 
pressly charged  with  this  work  by  the  General 
Assembly  in  1647.  I  have  in  vain  tried  to  make 
up  a  Note  of  the  several  impressions  of  this  re- 
markable version,  and  I  shall  be  glad  if  your  cor- 
respondent's extensive  diggings  in  this  old  field 
enables  him  to  supply  what  is  wanting  in  this  re- 
spect in  Laing,  Holland,  Cotton,  and  others. 

J.  O. 


Rev.  P.  Rosenhagen  — his  literary  Repidation.  — 

"  The  Revd.  Philip  Eosenhagen  is  lost  because  he  pub- 
lished nothing  with  his  name.  But  he  was  very  well 
known  in  the  literary  world,  and  better  still  in  the  con- 
vivial world ;  this,  however,  must  have  been  more  ajter 
1774  than  before.  He  had  the  sort  of  reputation  to  which 
Theodore  Hook  should  attach  a  name,  as  the  brightest 
and  most  enduring  instance  of  it."  —  Athenaeum,  1858, 
p.  268. 

Can  any  of  his  writings  or  wit  be  now  traced  ? 

J.  Md. 

Family  of  Watson,  Yorkshire.  —  Can  any  of 
your  readers  who  are  learned  in  Yorkshire  gene- 
alogies clear  up  the  following  for  me  ?  In  a  His- 
tory of  the  Family  of  Baird  of  Auchmedden,  Sj-c. 
recently  published  in  Edinburgh,  I  find  it  stated 
that  a  James  Baird  married  "  Jane  Watson  of 
Bilton  Park,  Yorkshire."  It  is  about  this  Jane 
Watson  that  I  wish  information,  as  I  can  find  no 
notice  of  any  family  of  this  name  in  connexion 
with  Bilton  Park,  near  Aynsty,  which  is,  I  be- 
lieve, the  only  Bilton  Park  in  Yorkshire.  It  is  also 
stated  in  the  work  quoted  that  the  family  to  which 
Jane  Watson  belonged  afterwards  took  the  name 
of  "  Wood- Watson,"  and  resided  at  "  Malton  Ab- 
bey ;  "  but  here  again  I  can  find  no  trace  of  the 
name.  I  am  inclined  to  believe  that  Bilton  and 
Malton  must  be  misprints  or  errors  of  some  sort. 
I  may  state  that  in  an  old  MS.  vol.,  in  the  hand- 
writing of  the  above  Jane  Watson,  I  find  inscribed 
the  names  "  Elizabeth  Watson,"  "Eliz.  Holcombe, 
her  Book,  1703,"  and  "Thos.  Dalrymple,"  and 
"  John  Dalrymple,"  who  were  in  all  probability 
relatives  of  the  Jane  Watson  in  question. 

Sigma  Theta. 

Lambert:  Geering. — The  Rev.  Thomas  Lambert 
of  Drogheda  died  in  1661,  leaving  four  children  : 
1.  James  ;  2.  George  (father  of  Ralph,  Bishop  of 
Meath)  ;  3.  Anne,  wife  of  Mathew  Geering ;  4. 
a  daughter,  wife  of  John  Brunker.  Wanted, 
Mr.  Lambert's  pedigree.  Was  he  of  the  York- 
shire family  ?  What  was  his  daughter,  Mrs. 
Brunker's  name  ?  and  who  was  Mathew  Geering  ? 

Y.  S.  M, 


2"<>  S.  VIII.  July  2.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


11 


"  Urban"  as  a  Christian  Name. — This  has  been 
a  family  name  amongst  the  Vigers  of  the  co.  of 
Carlow  for  about  250  years,  but  I  am  not  able  to 
mention  its  origin,  or  any  other  family  in  which 
it  has  been  borne  ?  Can  any  of  your  correspond- 
ents assist  me?  Y.  S.  M. 

"  Night,  a  Poem." — Can  any  reader  tell  me  the 
niime  of  the  author  of  Night,  a  poem,  8vo.  Glas- 
gow, 1811  ?  The  book  was  cut  up  in  the  Monthly 
Review,  and  the  critics  received  back  some  of  their 
abuse  in  a  second  work  by  the  author,  entitled 
Peter  Faultless,  and  other  Poems,  8vo.  Edinburgh, 
1820.  J.  0. 

Randolph  FitZ'Eustace.  —  Who  is  the  author  of 
7'he  Brides  of  Florence,  a  play  in  five  acts,  illus- 
trative of  the  manners  of  the  Middle  Ages,  by 
Randolph  Fitz -Eustace:  published  by  Hurst, 
Robinson  &  Co.,  London,  and  A.  Constable  &  Co., 
Edinburgh,  8vo.,  1824  ?  The  volume  is  dedicated 
to  Lieut.-General  and  Mrs.  Mclntyre.        Sigma. 

Mrs,  Jane  Marshall.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  any  account  of  Mrs.  Jane  Marshall  [Mari- 
shall  ?],  authoress  of  Sir  Harry  Gayglove,  a 
comedy,  8vo.  (Edinb.  ?),  1772?  She  is  also  the 
authoress  of  Clarinda  Cathcart  and  Alicia  Mon- 
tague. The  two  works  last  mentioned  I  suppose 
are  novels.  Sigma. 

Puhlishing  lefore  the  Invention  of  Printing.  — 
How  did  authors  set  about  publishing  their  writ- 
ings before  the  invention  of  printing  ?  Where 
can  any  detailed  answer  to  this  question  be  found, 
or  any  information  on  its  subject  ?  W.  P.  P. 

Heraldic  Query,  —  Arms  in  an  old  carved 
Jacobean  mantelpiece  at  Winchester.  Quarterly, 
1st  and  4th,  a  cross  bottonnee  ;  2nd,  a  fret ;  3rd, 
two  bars.  Crest.  Over  a  squire's  helmet,  a 
goat's*  head,  rising  from  a  ducal  coronet.  Motto. 
A  foy  et  e B.  B.  Woodward. 

Ephraim  Pratt.  —  In  Kirby's  Wonderful  Mu- 
seum, vol.  v.,  is  given  a  long  list  of  persons  who 
have  been  remarkable  for  longevity.  Amongst 
the  number  appears 

''  Ephraim  Pratt,  born  in  1687,  and  living  in  Philadelphia 
in  1802,  at  the  age  of  115 ;  he  married  in  his  •26th  year, 
had  six  sons  and  daughters,  and  1500  descendants  in 
North  America.  He  had  never  been  ill,  never  taken 
physic  or  been  bled ;  his  intellectual  faculties  and  his 
memory  were  still  unimpaired." 

If  this  account  be  true,  Mr.  Pratt's  progeny 
far  exceeded  Lady  Temple's  (1"  S.  ix.468.).  I 
am  anxious  to  know  something  more  of  his  his- 
tory, particularly  the  place  of  his  birth,  and  whe- 
ther he  was  of  the  family  of  Pratt  of  Shotswell, 

*  I  am  not  cnnJideM  that  the  head  is  that  of  a  goat ; 
but  it  is  more  like  it  than  any  other  heraldic  beast  of  my 
acquaintance. 


Warwickshire,  and  Edgcott,  Northamptonshire. 
He  may  have  been  a  son  of  Ephraim  Pratt  who 
died  in  1709,  aged  seventy- two,  and  whose  tomb- 
stone is  in  Edgcott  churchyard.  Y.  S.  M. 

Thelusson  the  Banker  at  Paris. — An  ancestor  of 
mine,  an  Englishman,  resided  for  upwards  of  forty 
years  in  Paris,  and,  at  the  age  of  eighty-one,  died 
there  in  the  midst  of  the  French  Revolution,  1793. 
He  was  an  ecclesiastic  of  the  Roman  church,  and, 
therefore,  could  have  no  legal  descendant  except 
the  child  of  his  bi'other,  the  only  member  of  the 
family  who  married.  That  child,  my  grandmother, 
obtained  possession  after  her  uncle's  death  of  some 
property  in  the  Bank  of  England,  left  by  the 
abbe's  sister  to  him.  So  little  intercourse  was 
there  between  the  family,  that,  although  he  sur- 
vived his  sister  for  three  years,  he  died  uncon- 
scious of  this  legacy,  which  was  a  considerable 
one.  The  change  of  religion  had  estranged  the 
abbe  from  his  heretic  brother  and  child,  and  the 
latter  only  heard  of  her  uncle's  death  by  chance 
some  years  after  it  occurred. 

I  find  it  stated  that  Peter  Thelusson,  by  his 
will,  dated  1796,  purposely  tied  up  his  property  for 
sixty  years  to  give  the  unfortunate  descendants 
of  his  customers  an  opportunity  of  claiming  their 
own.  It  is  most  probable  that  the  abbe,  a  fellow- 
countryman,  trusted  his  property  to  Thelusson's 
care,  for  none  can  be  traced  in  any  of  the  French 
funds.  The  only  record  of  him  was  the  "  Acte 
du  Dec^s,"  still  at  St.  Cloud,  in  which  it  is  written 
that  "  Citoyen  Luce  Hooke,  natif  d'Ireland,"  was 
found  dead,  "  gitant  sur  un  lit,"  by  the  authorities 
called  in  on  the  occasion ;  and  there  is  no  indica- 
tion of  the  place  in  which  he  died,  except  the 
general  words  "  dans  ce  lieu." 

I  have  heard  it  stated  that  Thelusson  ordered 
that  his  books  should  be  open  to  the  inspection  of 
all,  but  I  have  never  been  able  to  discover  where 
they  were  deposited.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers 
can  inform  me  ?  The  time  has  now  elapsed  to 
make  or  substantiate  a  claim  to  any  of  his  pro- 
perty, and  the  matter  has  settled  down  into  a 
literary  curiosity.  N.  H.  R. 

Robert  Emmetfs  Rebellion  in  1803.  —  It  will  be 
recollected  that  on  Saturday,  23rd  July,  1803,  an 
infuriated  mob  of  assassins,  in  Dublin,  murdered 
Viscount  Kilwarden,  then  Lord  Chief  Justice  of 
the  King's  Bench  in  Ireland  ;  and  also  Col.  Lyde 
Browne  of  the  21st  Foot.  At  the  same  time  an 
officer,  Cornet  Henry  Robert  Cole,  of  the  12th  Light 
Dragoons,  was  shot  at  and  severely  wounded,  but 
escaped  with  life.  These  offences  were  committed 
during  the  administration  of  the  Earl  of  Hard- 
wicke.  Permit  me,  through  the  medium  of  "  N". 
&  Q.,"  to  inquire  if  this  Col.  Lyde  Browne  were 
of  the  family  of  one  of  the  most  distinguished 
vii'tuosi  of  this  country,  which  claim  will  be  indi- 
cated by  reference  to  the  following  publication : 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  VIII.  JcLY  2.  '59. 


"  Catalogo  del  Marmi,  eccetera,  del  Signre.  Lyde 
Browne,  Londra,  1779,  4to." 

The  coincidence  of  the  Christian  name  suggests 
to  me  that  there  was  some  relationship  between 
the  two.  The  colonel  I  believe  began  his  military 
career  in  the  North  Gloucester  Militia,  as  lieu- 
tenant in  1793  ;  but  soon  after  entered  the  regu- 
lar army,  and  arrived  at  the  rank  above-mentioned. 
The  worthy  officer,  Mr.  Cole,  so  barbarously 
treated  by  the  villains,  is,  I  have  heard,  still  liv- 
ing at  Kew,  near  Richmond.  2. 

Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Armagh. — George  Cro- 
mer, an  Englishman,  was  appointed  Archbishop 
of  Armagh  and  Primate  of  all  Ireland  in  1522, 
and  died  16  March,  1543.  Neither  Ware  nor 
Harris  in  their  Bishops  of  Ireland  give  any  ac- 
count of  his  family,  where  born  or  educated,  or 
of  his  previous  appointments.  I  understand  his 
name  does  not  appear  in  the  registries  of  Oxford 
or  Cambridge;  it  is  therefore  probable  he  may 
have  been  educated  in  some  of  the  great  schools 
of  London,  and  enjoyed  some  employment  about 
the  court  of  Henry  VIII.  Would  some  of  your 
correspondents  kindly  afford  me  some  information 
as  to  his  early  life,  and  more  of  his  after  history 
as  Primate  than  is  contained  in  Harris,  or  point 
out  where  it  could  be  found,  either  through  your 
columns,  or  by  letter  addressed  to  the  Editor? 

T.  V.  N. 

Arms  of  John  de  Bohun.  —  In  the  Harl.  Collec- 
tion is  a  charter  (83.  D.  44.)  of  John  de  Bohun, 
dated  22  Edw.  III.  To  it  is  attached  the  seal 
(elegant,  and  in  good  preservation,)  of  his  mother, 
Johanna,  daughter  and  coheir  of  Wm.  de  Braose. 
The  seal  has  a  central  shield  (crusuly  a  lion  ram- 
pant, Braose,)  between  three,  all  alike.  Barry,- 
nebule  of  six ;  a  bordure  crusuly.  Were  these 
arms  borne  by  John  de  Bohun,  husband  of 
Johanna  ?  Anon. 

Antient  Portrait.  —  At  Brickwall,  Northiam,  is 
a  portrait  on  panel  of  a  middle-aged  lady,  which, 
from  the  dress  and  style  of  painting,  is  supposed 
to  be  of  the  date  either  of  Philip  and  Mary,  or 
early  in  Elizabeth's  reign.  On  the  upper  corner 
is  a  shield,  bearing  a  coat  of  arms  as  follows : 
sable,  on  a  chevron  between  three  saltires  couped 
argent,  five  ermine  spots  of  the  field :  on  the  other 
side  of  the  lady's  face,  and  corresponding  in  posi- 
tion to  the  shield,  is  an  inscription  in  white  letters, 
but,  a  portion  of  the  panel  having  been  broken  off 
and  lost,  only  a  part  of  the  inscription  is  left ;  it 
is  as  follows,  viz. :  — 

"  Pulchrior  eflSgie  fac 
cffisare  uirgo  uiro  . . ." 

"  Viro,"  in  the  second  line,  is  immediately  un- 
der "fac"  in  the  first,  and  the  termination  of  both 
lines  appears  to  have  been  broken  off.  "  Fac"  is 
probably  a  portion  of  "  facies." 


Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me 
from  the  arms  what  family  the  lady  belonged  to  ? 
She  is  supposed  to  have  been  a  Greenwood  of 
Oxfordshire  or  Worcestershire.  Also,  can  you 
complete  the  lines,  or  throw  any  light  on  their 
meaning  ?  The  first  is,  probably,  "  her  face  is 
more  beautiful  than  the  effigy,"  which  may  be 
hoped,  otherwise  she  was  ugly  enough.  But  what 
can  the  second  mean  ?  T.  E. 

Thomas  Randolph.  —  Some  short  time  since  I 
was  favoured  with  a  communication  from  the 
Marquis  of  Kildare,  in  which  he  mentions  that  he 
was  informed  by  the  late  Mr.  Holmes  of  the  Bri- 
tish Museum,  that,  at  the  end  of  an  old  family 
Bible  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Shirley,  at  Eating- 
ton  Park,  Warwickshire,  is  a  note  of  the  family  of 
"Thomas  Randolph,  Esq.,  Master  of  her  Majes- 
ties Portes,  and  Chamberlaine  of  the  Exchequier," 
who  "  married  Mrs.  Ursula  Copinger,"  and  had  a 
son  Ambrose,  "  and  a  daughter  Frances,  who  mar- 
ried Thomas  Fitzgerald."  Was  this  the  same 
person  as  "  Sir  Thomas  Randolph"  mentioned  in 
the  1st  volume  of  Historical  Notes  as  ambassador 
from  Queen  Elizabeth  to  Scotland  and  France 
between  1572  and  1586,  and  died  in  1590  ?  He 
was  ancestor  of  the  Duke  of  Leinster,  and  I  am 
very  desirous  to  ascertain  something  of  his  family, 
and  his  armorial  bearings.  Y.  S.  M. 

Drunkard's  Corpse  Burnt. — In  the  parish  re- 
gister of  Iken,  Suffolk,  it  is  recorded  that,  on 
Nov.  10,  1669,  Edward  Reeve,  "nuperde  Iken 
Hall,"  returning  from  Saxmundham  "  impletus 
fortioribus  liquoribus,"  fell  from  his  horse  and 
broke  his  neck  on  the  spot ;  "  et  proximo  die, 
vespertine  tempore,  in  ignem  posihis.^'  Are  any 
other  instances  on  record  of  this  mode  of  dispos- 
ing of  the  corpse  of  one  whose  death  was  the  effect 
of  drunkenness  ?  Ache. 

"  Englishry  "  and  "  Irishry." — What  authority 
has  Lord  Macaulay  for  these  words  ?  {Vide  His- 
tory of  England,  vol.  iii.  pp.  132,  133.)  They 
are  not  to  be  found  either  in  Johnson  or  Walker. 
Permit  me  to  suggest  to  his  Lordship  the  pro- 
priety of  translating  the  extracts  from  Spanish, 
Dutch,  and  other  foreign  works  inserted  in  his 
notes,  in  his  next  edition.  N.  H.  R. 

The  Qulf -stream  and  Climate  of  England. — 
Can  any  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  direct  me 
to  any  recent  periodical  or  other  publication  con- 
taining an  account  of  the  change  of  the  course  of 
the  Gulf-stream,  and  its  supposed  probable  influ- 
ence on  the  climate  of  Great  Britain  ? 

Jas.  Dixon. 

Old  Bells. — I  have  lately  seen  a  pair  of  curious 
old  bells :  they  are  brass,  spherical,  similar  in 
shape  to  the  small  bells  now  used  for  ferrets,  and 
measure  3f  inches  in  diameter.     They  are  very 


2n'iS.  VIII.  July  2. '59.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


13 


neatly  cast,  with  a  projecting  rim  round  the 
centre,  and  a  stamped  pattern  on  the  lower  half, 
with  the  letters  "  R.  W."  or  "  W.  R."  They  con- 
tain a  loose  metal  ball  about  an  ounce  in  weight, 
and  have  two  circular  apertures  in  the  upper  part, 
and  a  long  narrow  opening  in  the  lower,  and  give 
out  a  pretty  loud  sound  when  shaken  ;  they  are 
suspended  by  an  iron  link  1^  inches,  through 
which  runs  a- 2-inch  iron  ring,  and  weigh  about 
a  pound  each.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
throw  a  light  on  the  use  to  which  they  were  ap- 
plied ?  Jas.  Coombs. 

German  Silver.  —  When  and  where  was  the 
mixed  metal,  called  albata,  argentane^  or  German 
silver,  first  made  in  Europe  ?  B. 


iWttt0r  ^wtxizi  Juttlb  ^niiiatxi, 
^^  Horw  SubsecivcB,"  by  Lord  Chandos,,  1620. — 
I  have  recently  purchased,  at  a  book- stall,  a  book 
bearing  the  above  title  on  the  outside,  but  within 
the  publisher  says  :  — 

"  The  Author  of  this  Booke  I  know  not,  but  by  chance 
hearing  that  a  friend  of  mine  had  some  such  papers  in 
hand,  and  hauing  heard  them  commended,  I  was  curious 
to  see  and  reade  them  ouer ;  and  in  my  opinion  {which 
is  also  confirmed  by  others  iudicious  and  learned)  sup- 
posed if  I  could  get  the  Copie,  they  would  be  welcome 
abroad.  My  friends  courtesie  bestowed  it  freely  upon 
me,  and  my  endeuour  to  giue  you  contentment,  caused 
mee  to  put  it  in  print."  He  adds,  "If  the  Book  please 
you,  come  home  to  my  shop,  j^ou  shall  haue  it  bound 
ready  to  your  hand,  where  in  the  meane  time  I  expect 
you,  and  remaine  At  your  command  Ed.  Blovkt." 

The  title-page  runs  thus  :  "  Horce  Subseciuce ; 
Observations  and  Discovrses.  London  :  printed 
for  Edward  Blount,  and  are  to  be  sold  at  his  Shop 
in  Paul's  Churchyard,  at  the  signe  of  the  Black 
Beare,  1620." 

It  is  difficult  to  reconcile  the  assertion  in  this 
letter  with  the  endorsement  of  the  book.  Can 
you  tell  me  who  this  Lord  Chandos  was  ?  In  the 
fly-leaf  is  written,  "  By  Grey  Bridges,  Lord 
Chandos,  J.  P."  N.  H.  R. 

[The  author  of  this  work  is  supposed  to  have  been 
Grey  Brydges  Lord  Chandos,  styled  "King  of  Cots- 
would,"  who  died  August  20,  1620.  A  full  account, 
and  long  extracts  from  this  book,  will  be  found  in 
Brydges's  Memoirs  of  King  James's  Peers,  p.  384.  et  sea,, 
and  in  Park's  edition  of  Lord  Orford's  Royal  and  Noble 
Authors,  ii.  184.,  ed.  1815.  Mr.  Park  has  the  following 
note  respecting  its  authorship :  "  The  bookseller  (Edward 
Blount)  in  his  address  to  the  reader  says, '  He  knew  not 
the  author  of  the  book : '  but  the  late  Dr.  Lort  had  seen 
a  copy  of  it  ascribed  to  Lord  Chandos,  and  so  had  Lord 
Orford.  It  must,  however,  be  observed  that  Wood  as- 
cribes a  book  with  this  title  to  the  Rev.  Joseph  Hen- 
shaw,  printed  in  1631  and  1640;  and  assigns  the  above, 
in  1620,  to  Gilbert  Lord  Cavendish,  who  died  before  his 
father,  the  first  Earl  of  Devonshire,  in  1625.  Mr.  Brydges 
thinks  that  Wood  had  little  reason  for  ascribing  the 
book  to  Gilbert  Cavendish,  since,  by  the  internal  evidence 
of  the  publication,  it  seems  more  probable  to  have  been 


written  by  Lord  Chandos  than  Gilbert  Cavendish,  who 
died  too  young  to  have  had  the  experience  which  it  dis- 
plays. Mr.  Brydges,  however,  adds,  that  those  learned 
antiquaries,  Mr.  Thomas  Baker  and  Dr.  White  Kennett 
(of  whom  the  latter,  from  his  connexions  with  the  family, 
had  a  particular  opportunity  of  ascertaining  the  point  if 
well  founded),  considered  it  at  least  to  be  very  doubtful. 
Lord  Orford  professes  to  have  introduced  Lord  Chandos 
with  great  diffidence  of  his  authority ;  and  Mr.  Malone, 
whose  copy  of  Horce  Subsecivce  was  obligingly  imparted 
to  the  editor  [Thomas  Park],  conceives  it  likely  to  have 
been  written  by  William,the  brother  of  Gilbert,  if  the  pro- 
duction of  any  Cavendish.  It  is  probable,  he  adds,  who- 
ever was  the  author,  that  the  book  was  composed  about 
1615,  from  concurring  notices  of  time  in  six  or  seven 
places."]! 

Woodroof.  —  Could  you  kindly  inform  me  whe- 
ther the  plant  called  in  Germany  Waldmeister, 
and  used  there  to  perfume  and  spice,  wine  grows 
anywhere  in  England,  and  if  so,  where  ?  I  find 
the  word  translated  in  dictionaries  as  Wood-roof. 
I  am  not  myself  an  Englishman,  or  perhaps  I 
ought  to  know  this ;  yet  none  of  my  English 
friends  know  it.  J.  C.  C. 

[The  German  Waldmeister  appears  to  be  the  same 
plant  as  the  English  Woodroof,  according  to  the  descrip- 
tion as  given  by  Rhind,  in  his  History  of  the  Vegetable 
Kingdom,  p.  592,  edit.  1855.  He  states  that  the  "  Wood- 
roof (^Asperula  odorata  :  natural^family  Rubiacece ;  tetran- 
dria,  monogynia,  of  Linnaeus,)  is  a  plant  which  grows  wild 
in  woods  and  thickets,  and  has  been  admitted  into  the 
garden  from  the  beauty  of  its  whorled  leaves  and  simple 
blossom,  but  chiefly  from  the  fragrant  odour  of  the  leaves. 
This  odour  is  only  perceptible  when  the  leaves  are 
crushed  by  the  fingers ;  but  when  dried,  they  give  out 
their  peculiar  odour  very  strongly,  and  for  a  long 
period.  They  are  used  to  scent  clothes,  and  also  to 
preserve  them  from  the  attack  of  insects.  This  plant 
will  grow  under  the  drip  of  trees,  or  in  very  shady  places, 
and  thus  may  become  a  pleasing  ornament  in  situations 
where  other  flowers  will  not  thrive.  It  is  also  frequently 
planted  in  rock  works."  Gerard  adds,  that  "  Wood-roof 
is  reported  to  be  put  into  wine  to  make  a  man  merry,  and 
to  be  good  for  the  heart  and  liver."] 

Edwards'  Palcemon  and  Arcyte. — Mr.  Bohn,  in 
his  edition  of  Lowndes,  mentions  Edwards'  play 
of  "  Palsemon  and  Arcyte  "  in  a  way  which  makes 
one  infer  that  there  is  an  edition  of  1566.  Chet- 
wood  asserts  "  that  it  was  published  with  '  Songs ' 
in  1585."  Never  having  had  the  luck  to  meet 
with  it,  or  to  meet  with  any  one  who  had,  I  should 
like  to  know  whether  my  ignorance  is  the  result 
of  my  want  of  diligence,  or  whether  the  play  re- 
mains non  est.  G.  H.  K. 

[Our  dramatic  writers  do  not  appear  to  have  ever  seen 
this  comedy  in  print.  Warton  {History  of  English  Poetry, 
iii.  238.,  ed.  1840)  says,  "  I  believe  it  was  never  printed." 
It  would  seem  that  Chetwood's  statements  must  be  re- 
ceived with  caution,  as  he  is  styled  by  George  Steevens, 
"  a  blockhead,  and  a  measureless  and  bungling  liar." 

Edward  Wright. — Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  painted 
the  portrait  of  Mr.  "Wright,  who  wrote  a  book 
of  travels  in  Italy  and  elsewhere,  which  he  dedi- 
cated to  Lord  Parker,  and  which  went  through 
two   editions.     Can  any  of  your  correspondents 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2*<t  S.  VIII.  JutY  2.  '59. 


give  any  farther  information  as  to  the  history  of 
Mr.  Wright  ?  G. 

[Mr.  Edward  Wright,  of  Stretton  in  Cheshire,  born  Aug. 
25.  16*^0,  and  educated  at  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
was  a  gentleman  of  refined  and  elegant  taste  in  useful 
knowledge  and  polite  literature.  He  set  out  on  his  travels 
in  company  with  the  Earl  of  Macclesfield  (then  Lord  Par- 
ker) in  1720,  and  spent  three  5'ears  in  a  tour,  of  which  he 
published  an  account  entitled.  Some  Observations  made  in 
travelling  through  France,  Italy,  ^c,  in  the  Years  1720, 
1721,  and  1722,  illustrated  with  several  prints  from  his 
own  accurate  drawings.  Lond.  1730,  and  2  vols.  4to., 
1764.  Several  of  his  papers  appeared  in  the  Fhilosophical 
Transactions.  He  was  married  to  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
....  Lej',  on  May  2,  1709.  Mr.  Wright  died  on  May  7, 
1750,  and  was  buried  at  Tilston,  in  Cheshire.  A  pedigree 
of  the  family  is  printed  in  Ormerod's  Cheshire,  ii.  389.] 

"  Odcombyan."  —  Taylor,  the  water  poet,  dedi- 
cates his  Three  Weeks',  Three  Days',  and  Three 
Hours'  Observations  and  Travel  from  London  to 
Hamburgh,  to  "  the  odcombyan  decambulator,  per- 
ambulator, amblei*,  trotter,  or  untyred  traveller, 
Sir  Thomas  Coryat." 

What  is  an  "  odcombyan  decambulator  ?" 

Ache. 

[Sir  Thomas  Coryat  was  a  native  of  Odcombe,  in 
Somersetshire:  hence  Odcombyan  decambulator,  or  more 
correctly  deambulator,  a  walker  abroad.  Decambulator, 
in  Taylor's  days,  inay  have  been  classical  slang  for 
"  Bayard's  ten  toes."  Supposing  the  coiner,  whoever  he 
was,  of  the  word  decambulator  to  have  designed  this 
jocose  allusion  to  the  number  ten  {Stxa),  is  it  not  possible 
that  he  may  have  had  in  view  the  old  Italian  word  rfe- 
cameron,  a  volume  in  ten  parts,  or  of  tales  related  in  ten 
days?] 

Edward  Chandler,  Bishop  of  Durham.  —  Wanted 
his  arms.  Y.  S.  M. 

[Cheeky  G.  and  A.,  on  a  bend  engrailed  S.,  three 
lioncels  passant  of  the  second. — Hutchinson's  Durham.'\ 


GHOST    STOEIES. 

(2"«  S.  V.  233.  285.  341.  386.  462.) 

The  Wynyard  ghost-story  is  thus  alluded  to  in 
the  tenth  of  Sir  Walter  Scott's  Letters  on  Demon- 
ology  and  Witchcraft :  — 

'_'  The  story  of  two  highly  respectable  officers  in  the 
British  army,  who  are  supposed  to  have  seen  the  spectre 
of  the  brother  of  one  of  them  in  a  hut  or  barrack  in 
America,  is  also  one  of  those  accredited  ghost-tales  which 
attain  a  sort  of  brevet  rank  as  true,  from  the  mention  of 
respectable  names  as  the  parties  who  witnessed  the  vision. 
But  we  are  left  without  a  glimpse  when,  how,  and  in 
what  terms,  this  story  obtained  its  currency ;  as  also  by 
whom,  and  in  what  manner,  it  was  first  circulated  ;  and 
among  the  numbers  by  whom  it  has  been  quoted,  although 
all  agree  in  the  general  event,  scarcely  two,  even  of  those 
who  pretend  to  the  best  information,  tell  the  story  in  the 
same  way." 

As  it  has  been  revived  in  the  above  pages  of 
"^  N.  &  Q.,"  I  will  endeavour  to  throw  alittle 
light  upon  it. 


_  On  the  23rd  of  October,  1823,  a  party  of  dis- 
tinguished^  big-wigs  were  dining  with  the  late 
Chief  Justice  Sewell,  at  his  house  on  the  esplanade 
in  Quebec,  when  the  story  in  question  became  a 
subject  of  conversation.  Among  the  guests  was 
Sir  John  Harvey,  Adjutant-General  of  the  forces 
in  Canada,  who  stated  that  there  was  then  in  the 
garrison  an  officer  who  knew  all  the  circum- 
stances, and  who,  probably,  would  not  object  to 
answer  a  few  queries  about  them.  Sir  John  im- 
mediately wrote  five  queries,  leaving  a  space  op- 
posite to  each  one  for  an  answer,  and  sent  them 
to  Colonel  Gore,  who,  if  my  memory  serves  me 
rightly,  was  at  the  head  of  either  the  Ordnance 
or  the  Royal  Engineer  department.  The  following 
is  a  copy  of  both  the  queries  and  the  answers,  which 
were  returned  to  Sir  John  before  he,  and  the  other 
guests,  had  left  the  Chief  Justice's  house  :  — 
"  My  Dear  Gore, 
"  Do  me  the  favour  to  answer  the  following 

Queries. 

"  1.  Was  you  with  the  33rd  Reg',  when  Captains 
Wynyard  and  Sherbrooke  believed  that  they  saw  the 
apparition  of  the  brother  of  the  former  officer  pass  through 
the  room  in  which  they  were  sitting  ? 

"  2.  Was  you  not  one  of  the  first  persons  who  entered 
the  room,  and  assisted  in  the  search  for  the  ghost.' 

"  3.  Was  you  not  the  person  who  made  a  mem"  in 
writing  of  the  circumstances  by  which  the  singular  fact 
of  the  death  of  Wynyard's  brother,  at  or  about  the  time 
when  the  apparition  was  seen,  was  established  ? 

"  4.  With  the  exception  of  Sir  J.  Sherbrooke,  do  you 
not  consider  yourself  almost  the  only  surviving  evidence 
of  this  extraordinary  occurrence  ? 

"  5.  When,  where,  and  in  what  kind  of  building  did 
it  take  place?  "(Signed)  J.  Hakvey." 

"  Thursday  morn?, 
23d  Ocf.  1823." 

Answers. 

"  1.  Tes,  I  was.  It  occurred  at  Sydney,  in  the  Isl*  of 
Cape  Breton,  in  the  latter  end  of  1785  or  6,  between  8 
and  9  in  the  evening.  We  were  then  blocked  up  by  the 
ice,  and  had  no  communication  with  any  other  part  of 
the  world.  "  R.  G." 

"  2.  Yes.  The  ghost  passed  them  as  they  were  sitting 
before  the  fire  at  coffee,  and  went  into  G.  Wynj'ard's 
bed-closet,  the  window  of  which  was  putted  (sic')  down.* 

«  R.  G." 

"  3.  I  did  not  make  the  memorandum  in  writing  myself, 
but  I  suggested  it  the  next  day  to  Sherbrooke,  and  he 
made  the  mem".  I  remembered  the  date,  and  on  the  6"> 
June  our  first  letters  from  England  brought  the  account 
of  John  Wynyard's  death  on  the  very  night  they  saw  his 
apparition.  "  R.  G." 

"  4.  I  believe  all  are  dead,  except  Colonel  Yorke,  who 
then  commanded  the  regiment,  and  is  Depy.  L'.  of  the 
Tower,  —  and  I  believe  Jones  Panton,  then  an  ensign- in 
the  reg».  "  R.  G." 

"  5.  It  was  in  the  new  barracks  at  Sydnej',  built  the 
preceding  summer,  one  of  the  first  erections  in  the  settle- 
ment. "  (Signed)  Ralph  Gore. 

"  Sherbrooke  had  never  seen  John  Wynyard  alive ;  but 
soon  after  returning  to  England,  the  following  year,  when 

•  Query,  puttied  down,  to  exclude  the  cold  ? 


2nJ  S.  VIII.  JOLY  2.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


walking  in  Bond  Street  with  W"".  Wynj^ard,  late  D.  A. 
Gen*.,  and  just  after  telling  hiin  the  story  of  the  ghost, 
[he]  exclaimed — My  God!  and  pointed  out  a  person  — 
a  gentleman  —  as  [being]  exactly  like  the  apparition  in 
person  and  dress.  This  gentleman  was  so  like  J.  VVyn- 
yard  svs  often  to  be  spoken  to  for  him,  and  affected  to 
dress  like  him.     I  think  his  name  was  Hayman. 

'♦  I  have  heard  W"'.  Wynyard  mention  the  above  cir- 
cumstance, and  declare  that  he  then  believed  the  story  of 
the  ghost.  "  (Signed)  R.  G." 

The  above  is  taken  from  a  copy  made  from  the 
original  queries  and  answers,  and  given  to  me, 
only  a  few  weeks  after  the  date  affixed  to  the 
queries ;  and  to  it  is  added,  in  the  handwriting  of 
the  copyist,  the  following  :  — 

"  A  true  copy  from  the  original.  The  queries  are 
written  in  black  ink  in  the  hand-writing  of  Sir  John 
Harvey,  Depy.  Adj'.  Gen',  of  British  America,  and  signed 
by  him  ; — the  answers  are  in  red  ink,  written  and  signed 
by  Colonel  Gore.  The  original  paper  belongs  to  Chief 
Justice  Sewell.  Sir  J.  Sherbrooke  was  lately  Gov^ 
Gen',  of  Lower  Canada.*  It  is  said  that  Sir  John  Sher- 
brooke could  not  bear  to  hear  the  subject  spoken  of." 

The  copyist  was  a  near  relative  of  the  Chief 
Justice,  and  died  in  1832.  He  was  one  of  my 
most  intimate  friends.  Eric. 


ATTACK   ON   THE    SOBBONNE. 

(2"'^  S.  vi.  346.) 

The  lines  show  that  G.  C.  had  more  back  and 
current  reading  in  foreign  theology,  and  a  better 
appreciation  of  the  difference  between  Zeus  and 
Jupiter,  than  could  have  been  expected  here  in 
the  middle  of  the  last  century.  He  is  not,  how- 
ever, quite  correct  in  imputing  to  the  Sorbonne 
the  scornful  expression  "  one  Arnald."  Arnauld 
withdrew  from  France  in  1679.  He  may  be  said 
to  have  been  "  driven  out "  by  the  Sorbonne,  but 
it  was  at  Liege,  in  "  the  land  of  dykes,"  that  si.K 
superiors  of  the  University  issued  the  decree 
which  Bayle  thought  worthy  of  preservation  for 
its  exquisite  latinity  :  — 

"  Nos  infra  script!  superiores  cohventuales  regularium 
in  civitate  Leodiensi,  certiorati  de  conventiculis,  quje 
habentur  apud  cerium  Arnaldum,  doctrinam  suspectam 
spargentem,  censemus  D.  Vicarium  charitative  certioran- 
dum,  ut  similia  conventicula  dissipere  et  prohibere  non 
dedignetur,  etiam  cum  dicto  Arnoldo  conversationes. 
Datum  in  conventu  uiinorum,  hac  25  Aug.  1690." 

_  On  Nov.  18,  1751,  the  Abbe  de  Prades  offered 
himself  for  the  degree  of  bachelor,  and  maintained 
before  the  Sorbonne  a  thesis  on  the  question,  Quis 
est  ille  in  cujus  facicm  Deus  inspiravit  spiraculum 
vit&  ?  He  followed  Locke  in  denying  innate  ideas, 
and  slightly  resembled  Hobbes  on  the  origin  of 
justice;  but  the  doctors  approved  and  granted 
his  licence  unanimously.  Objectionable  matter 
was  soon  discovered,  for  on  Dec.  17,  the  king's 

*  From  July,  181G,  to  July,  1818. 


advocate  applied  to  the  Parliament,  and  on  the 
22nd  the  abbe's  licence  was  suspended,  and  the 
Sorbonne  ordered  to  reconsider  its  decision.  It 
did  so,  and  "  ate  its  words  "  most  ungracefully  on 
Jan.  27,  1752,  censuring  the  thesis  as  horrible 
(Jiorrendum),  and  feebly  excusing  its  own  inad- 
vertent approbation  :  — 

"  Conscivit  hoc  grande  nefas  per  thesim  die  18  Nov. 
anni  proximi  elapsi,  in  Sorbona  propugnatam.  Thesim 
artificiosa  prolixitate,  literarum  fusilium  temiitate  digestam, 
qiuB  legentium  attentionem  fatigando  distrafieret,  locutioni- 
bus  ambiguis,  poeticis,  metaphoricis,  compositam,  quibus 
error  sub  quadam  larv^  veritatis  insinuaretur,  ipsa  vero 
Veritas  pesumdaretur,"  &c. 

De  Prades  was  a  man  of  ability,  and  had  clever 
friends.  Voltaire  and  the  Encyclopaedists  were 
on  his  side.  He  printed  in  1753,  Recveil  de  Pieces 
concernant  la  These  de  M.  VAbbe  de  Prades,  in 
which  he  gave  the  writings  of  his  adversaries 
fairly  and  stood  up  against  them  manfully.  The 
ablest  were  Beaumont,  Archbishop  of  Paris,  and 
the  Bishops  of  Montauban  and  Auxerre.  I  have 
not  read  all  the  270  quarto  pages  of  small  type 
and  double  columns,  but  have  seen  enough  to  say 
that  they  must  have  been  instructive  and  pleasant, ' 
when  books  were  fewer  and  leisure  was  more. 

I  do  not  know  what  share  the  "mistresses"  took 
in  the  bullying,  but  no  doubt  under  Louis  XV. 
they  were  as  important  in  theology  as  in  politics. 
Probably  some  of  them  were  for  De  Prades,  as  he 
gives  an  allegorical  frontispiece  to  the  second  part 
of  his  book,  with  an  ample  explanation,  in  which 
a  female  figure  is  called  "  La  Religion  soutenuc 
par  le  Roy,  quelle  regarde  avec  confiance."  A 
light  from  above,  described  in  language  which 
would  savour  of  profanity  if  quoted,  falls  upon 
her  and  "  le  fils  aine  de  TEgllse,"  who  is  appro- 
priately dressed  as  an  ancient  Roman. 

There  is  a  book  on  the  other  side.  La  Religion 
vengee  des  Impietes  de  la  These  et  de  fApologie, 
Montauban,  1754,  for  which  I  have  made  diligent 
but  fruitless  inquiry. 

Those  who  wish  to  go  farther  into  this  matter 
than  the  space  which  can  be  spared  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
allows,  will  find  enough,  and  directions  to  more, 
in  Bayle's  Diet.,  art.  Arnaidd ;  Causa  Arnul- 
dina,  Leodici  Eborunum,  1690;  D'Argens,  Lcttres 
Juives,  vii.  158. ;  Voltaire,  Siecle  de  Lotiis  XIV. 
c.  37. ;  Reuchlin,  Geschichte  von  Port  Royal,  Ham- 
burg, 1839;  and  Bouillier,  Histoire  de  la  Philoso- 
phie  Cartesienne,  Paris,  1854. 

Allow  me  to  correct  what  appears  to  be  a  mis- 
print in  the  third  of  the  lines  quoted  :  — 

"  Knocked  down  Titians,  burnt-out  Semele." 

For  "  Titians  "  read  "  the  Titans,"  which  sets  the 
metre  right,  and  removes  the  anachronism  and 
auctioneering.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°^  s.  VIII.  July  2.  '69. 


PRICE    OF    BIBLES. 

(2°'>  S.  vii.  373.  483.) 

The  following  is  an  extract  from  a  MS.  letter, 
date  1664,  from  the  Rev.  Joha  AUin  in  London, 
to  his  friend  at  Rye  :  — 

"  I  cannot  yet  gett  a  bible  for  y*  old  woman,  but  one 
printed  1661,  12s.  price,  and  6d.  if  claspt,  but  I  count  y* 
too  deare,  and  not  of  y*  edition  she  desire  with  Beza's 
Annotations." 

From  the  catalogue  of  a  private  library  of  the 
date  of  the  latter  part  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, in  which  all  the  books  are  methodically 
described,  with  their  cost  prices,  I  transcribe  the 
following  list  of  Bibles,  &c. :  — 

"  8vo.  Hebrew  Bible  contaiiig  all  y*  Old  Testament. 
Amsterdam. — English  Singing  Psalmes.  London.  1631. 
6s. 

Fol.  Latin.  Old  Testament  and  Apocrypha,  with  mar- 
gent.  Imanuel  Tremellius  and  Ffrancis  Junius.  —  New 
Testament,  both  of  Tremellius  and  Beza,  with  notes.  St. 
Gervase.     1607.     12s. 

4to.  English  Service  and  Psalmes.  —  Old  Testament 
and  Apocrypha  with  Margent,  New  Testament  with 
Margent,  1686. — Two  Tables. — Singing  Psalmes.  London. 
1584.    6s. 

8vo.  French.  Old  Testament  and  Apocrypha,  New  Tes- 
tament with  Tables  (Rochell,  1616,  Church  of  Geneva). 
— Singing  Psalmes,  fForme  of  Ecclesiastique  Prayers,  &c. 
6s. 

4to.  Latin.  Old  Testament  and  Apocrypha,  —  New 
Testament  with  Tables.   Basil.  1578.   Vulgar  edition.  5s. 

8vo.  English  Service  and  Psalmes.  London.  1640. 
— Old  Testament  and  Apocrj'pha.  Imanuel  Tremelius, 
Francis  Junius,  Amsterdam.  1639. — New  Testament. 
Theodore  Beza. — English  Singing  Psalmes.  London. 
1641.    6.». 

8vo.  Latin.  Old  and  New  Testament.  London.  1640. 
— English  singing  Psalmes.    London.     1648.    4s. 

8vo.  Old  and  New  Testament  and  singing  Psalmes. 
Cambridge  and  London.     1647.    4s. 

8vo.  New  Testament  with  Beza's  Notes.  L.  Tomson. 
London,  1582.  —  English  singing  Psalmes.  London. 
1613.    2». 

16mo.  Greek.  New  Testament ;  Epistle  of  Hen.  Ste- 
phens, and  Notes  of  Isaac  Casaubon.   Oliva.   1617.  Is.  6c?. 

16mo.  Greek.  New  Testament.  Amsterdam.  1632. — 
English  singing  Psalmes.     London.     1632.     Is.  6d. 

16mo.  Dutch.  New  Testament. — Singing  Psalmes.  — 
Catechisme.  —  Christelicke  Gebeden,  &c.  Amsterdam. 
1652.     Is.  6d. 

8vo.  Latin.    New  Testament.    Vulgar  edition.    4d. 

16mo.  Italian.  New  Testament.  Antony  Bruciclus. 
Lyons.     1549.     Is.  6d. 

12mo.  Psalmes  and  Hymmes  and  Spirituall  Songes 
inMeeter.    New  English  Church.    London.     1652.    6d. 

8vo.  Old  and  New  Testament.  John  Came.  1662. 
35.  9(2. 

8vo.  Hebrew  Bible  cent,  all  y^  Old  Testam'.  Edition 
of  Menasseh  ben  Isr.  Amsterdam.  1639. — Greek  New 
Testament,  edition  of  Rich.  Whittaker.    London.     1633. 

168. 

8vo.  Latin.  Old  Testament,  Apocrypha,  New  Testa- 
ment, with  Tables,  &c.  Lugduni.  1663.  Vulgar  edi- 
tion.    Is. 

Fol.  Greek  and  Latin.  New  Testament  in  2  versions, 
ye  one  old,  y«  other  of  Beza,  with  large  Annotations  on 
the  Greeke  and  2  Tables.     1598.    4s. 

4to.  Syriac.    Psalmi  Davidis,  &c.  lingua  Syriaca,  &c. 


in  vers  Latin.  Lugduni.  Thomas  Erxenius.  1625. — 
Marci  Evangelistae  Evangelium,  Syriac^  Cothenis.  1622. 
— Divi  Johannis  Epistola  Cathol.  1»  Syriack  Martinus 
Trostius  Cothenis.    1621.    Is. 

W.S. 
Hastings.  , 


3^tif\iti  to  Minat  ^xiexiei. 

"  Sig7ia"  of  Battel  Abbey  (1»*  S.  ii.  199.)  — 
Mr.  M.  a.  Lower  asked  for  assistance  to  inter- 
pret the  designation  of  one  of  the  tenants  of. 
Battel  Abbey  about  the  year  1170,  who  occurs  as 
"  J^dricus  qui  signa  fundebat."  At  p.  237.  of 
the  same  volume  answer  was  made  by  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Rock,  that  the  word  signum  was  frequently 
used  for  a  bell ;  but  I  now  venture  to  suggest 
that  the  signa  in  question  were  the  tokens  or 
brooches  cast  to  give  or  sell  to  the  votaries  at 
Battel  as  memorials  of  their  visits,  —  like  those 
which  are  known  to  have  been  distributed  at 
Canterbury,  Walsingham,  and  other  celebrated 
shrines.  Since  the  year  1850,  when  Volume  II. 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  was  printed,  much  has  been  col- 
lected respecting  these  Signs  of  Pilgrimage. 
Many  of  the  most  curious  have  been  engraved 
from  the  collection  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hugo, 
F.  S.  A,,  to  illustrate  a  paper  in  the  forthcoming 
volume  of  Archceologia :  and  I  am  inclined  to 
hope  that,  upon  the  suggestion  I  now  make,  either 
Mr.  Lower,  Mr.  Figg,  or  some  other  of  the 
able  antiquaries  of  Sussex,  will  detect  the  signa 
of  Battel  Abbey  either  in  those  plates  or  in  their 
own  cabinets.  John  Gough  Nichols. 

Queen  Anne's  Churches  (2°^  S.  vii.  513.)  — 
Another  chapel  of  ease  made  a  church  by  Queen 
Anne's  commissioners  was  Aylesbury  Chapel,  St. 
John  Square,  Clerkenwell,  which  on  the  27th 
December,  1723,  was  consecrated  by  the  name  of 
the  church  of  St.  John,  Clerkenwell,  and  bad  a 
parish  assigned  to  it.  For  particulars,  vide  Hone's 
Every  Day  Book,  pp.  1475—80.       W.  J.  Pinks. 

Barrymore  and  the  Du  Barrys  (2°'^  S.  vii.  362.) 
—  Horace  Wal pole,  in  a  letter  to  the  Miss  Berrys, 
dated  "  Berkeley  Square,  Feb.  26,  1791,"  has  the 
following  passage  :  — 

«*  Madame  du  Barry  is  come  over  to  recover  her  jewels ; 
of  which  she  has  been  robbed,  not  by  the  National  As- 
sembly, but  by  four  Jews,  who  have  been  seized  here,  and 
committed  to  Newgate.  Though  the  late  Lord  Barry- 
more  acknowledged  her  husband  to  be  of  his  noble  blood, 
will  she  own  the  present  Earl  for  a  relation,  when  she 
finds  him  turned  strolling  player?" — Letters  of  Horace 
Walpole,  by  Cunningham,  vol.  ix.  p.  291. 

L. 

CromwelVs  Children  (2""^  S.  vii.  476.  507.)  — 
The  Protector  had  five  sons  and  four  daughters,  of 
which  the  following  is  a  correct  list.  His  two 
first  male  children  died  in  infancy ;  his  fifth  died 
on  the  day  subsequent  to  his  birth.    By  his  wife 


2nd  s.  VIII.  July  2.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


17 


Elizabeth  Bourchier  he  had  Robert,  b.  Oct.  13, 
1621;  died  young.  Oliver,  bap.  Feb.  6,  1622  ;  died 
young  of  the  small-pox.  Richard,  b.  Oct.  4,  1626  ; 
died  at  Cheshunt,  co.  Herts,  July  13,  1712,  £Et.  85. 
Henry,  b.  at  Huntingdon,  Jan.  20,  1627 ;  died 
March  23,  167f,  aet.  47;  buried  at  Wicken, 
CO.  Cambr.  Bridget,  bap.  Aug.  5, 1624 ;  buried  at 
Stoke  Newington,  co.  Mid.,  Sept.  5,  1681.  Eliz. 
bap.  July  2,  1629;  died  Aug.  6,  1658.  James, 
bap.  Jan.  8,  1631  ;  buried  Jan.  9.  same  year. 
Mary,  bap.  Feb,  9,  1636  ;  died  March  14, 1712-13. 
Frances,  d.  Jan.  27,  1720,  set.  84. 

The  entries  in  the  pedigree  from  which  this  list 
is  taken  give  those  of  Robert,  Oliver,  Richard, 
Henry,  and  Elizabeth,  as  extracts  from  Hunting- 
don registers.  Cl.  Hopper. 

Oliver  Cromwell  had  five  sons  :  1.  Robert;  2. 
Oliver  ;  3.  Richard  ;  4.  Henry  ;  5.  James.  The 
first  three  appear  to  have  been  educated  at  Fel- 
stead  school,  Felstead  being  the  residence  of  their 
maternal  grandfather,  Sir  James  Bourchier. 

Robert  was  buried  at  Felstead  on  the  31st  of 
May,  1639,  ast.  seventeen.  Probably  he  died 
while  at  school.  Oliver  was  killed  in  battle  at 
the  age  of  twenty-one.  I  believe  his  burial-place 
is  unknown.  If  it  be  at  Felstead,  the  Rev.  R.  B. 
P.  Stanley  will  be  doing  a  public  service  by  pub- 
lishing a  copy  of  the  register  in  the  columns  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  Richard  was  buried  at  Cheshunt, 
where  he  died.  Henry  was  buried  in  Wicken 
church.  James,  who  died  the  day  after  his  birth, 
was  buried  at  Huntingdon. 

The  correspondent  of  the  Kentish  Mercury  is, 
no  doubt,  in  error  in  stating  that  three  of  the  sons 
of  Oliver  Cromwell  were  buried  at  Felstead. 
Probably  Robert  was  the  only  one  buried  there, 
as  it  is  scarcely  likely  that  Oliver,  who  was  killed 
near  Knaresborough,  would  be  buried  in  Essex. 

J.  G.  Morten. 

Cheam. 

The  Cromwellian  Edition  of  OwillinCs  Heraldry 
(2°'*  S.  vii.  180.)  —  A.  A.  speaks  of  a  great  num- 
ber of  the  coats  of  the  Cromwellian  families  being 
in  "  the  early  editions  of  Gwillim,"  but  it  is  only  in 
one  edition  of  Gwillim  that  those  coats  occur ;  and 
where  is  a  copy  of  it  to  be  found  ?  J.  G.  N. 

The  Arrows  of  Harrow  (2""*  S.  vii.  463.)  — Your 
correspondent  states  that  Dr.  Butler,  head  mas- 
ter, introduced  the  adoption  of  two  crossed  ar- 
rows as  the  arms  of  Harrow  School. 

This  is  an  error.  I  have  in  my  possession  three 
prize  books  which  I  received  while  there,  and  all 
those  (and  they  were  very  numerous)  which  I 
saw  with  other  boys  were  similar ;  viz.  stamped 
with  two  crossed  arrows  on  the  back,  as  the  arms 
of  Harrow.  And  I  left  Harrow  before  Dr.  But- 
ler became  head  master.  I  apprehend  the  custom 
to  be  coeval  with  the  establishment  of  the  school. 

E.  L. 


Vergubretus,  &fc.  (2"'^  S.  vii.  424.)  —  In  the 
present  nebulous  state 'of  Keltic  literature,  it  is 
hazardous  to  attempt  any  etymologies,  but  the 
following  are  submitted  in  illustration  of  M.  Phi- 
LARETE  Chasles'  'Note  of  the  6th  May,  e.  g., 

Vercingetorix,  the  celebrated  chieftain  of  the 
iEdui  (Cass.  B,  O.  7.)  has  been  resolved  into 
"  Fear  cean  go  turus,"  literally,  the  head  man  of 
the  expedition. 

Vergesllaunus,  "  Fear  or  feer  go  saelan,"  or 
the  man  of  the  standard,  i.  e.  the  standard  bearer. 

"  Liscus  (says  Caesar  in  his  Comment,  b.  i.),  qui  summo 
magistratui  praeerat,  quem  Vergobretum  vocant  JEdui, 
qui  creatur  annuus  et  vitae  necisque  in  suos  habet  potes- 
tatem,"  &c., 

is  quite  in  accordance  with  the  explanation  of 
"  V  ergobretus,"  or  "  Fear  go  braith,"  i.  e.  "  The 
man  that  judges." 

To  this  may  be  added  — 

"  Cartismandua,"  "Caer  ys  maen  du,"  or  "Caer 
(t)ys  maen  du  ;  "  "  The  wall  or  city  of  the  black 
stone." 

"  The  Brigantes,"  from  Braighe,  braighe  acan, 
elevated  grounds. 

The  words  (or  as  we  now  have  them,  proper 
names)  of  Viriathus,  Viridomarus,  or  Virduma- 
rus  (Caes.  B.  G.  vii.  38.),  Eporedorix  {Id.)  and 
Veredovix  are  compounds  requiring  elucidation. 
The  prefix,  ver,  vir,  or  "  fear,"  may  be  considered 
as  ascertained  to  mean  man  :  quaere  tamen  de  cse- 
teris.  The  old  Scholiast  on  Juvenal,  Sat.  vii.  v. 
214.  interprets  AUobrox  as  meaning  a  stranger  or 
barbarian. 

"  Rufum  qui  toties  Ciceronem  Allobroga  dixit." 

L.  M.  N. 

Smokers  (2"^  S.  vii.  512.)  —  The  appellation  of. 
"  Smokers  "  to  a  voter  in  Preston  was  not  gene- 
ral, if  indeed  it  was  ever  used.  The  only  quali- 
fication required  before  the  passing  of  the  Reform 
Act  was  to  be  twenty-one  years  of  age,  to  have 
lived  in  the  town  six  months,  and  to  have  received 
no  parochial  relief  for  twelve  months  before  the 
election.  Your  correspondent  Ithuriel  has  been 
misinformed  as  to  people  taking  apartments  to 
acquire  the  right  to  vote.  W.  D. 

Guns,  when  first  used  in  India  (2°^  S.  vii.  523.) 
— Your  correspondent  Eric  asks,  "  When,  and 
from  what  source,  was  artillery  first  brought  into 
use  in  and  among  the  natives  of  India  ?" 

See  the  Hon.  M.  Elphinstone's  History  of  India, 
vol.  ii.  p.  90.  The  Emperor  Baber  from  Cabul  in- 
vaded India,  the  last  time  in  a.d.  1526,  on  the  21st 
of  April.  He  defeated  Sultan  Ibrahim,  Emperor 
of  Delhi,  who  had  100,000  men.  Baher  had  only 
12,000  men,  including  followers.  "  On  the  ap- 
proach of  Ibrahim,  Baher  took  up  a  position, 
linked  his  guns  together  by  ropes  of  twisted  lea- 
ther, and  lined  them  with  infantry,  farther  pro- 
tected by  breast- works.     He  likewise  strength- 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2ni  S.  Vlll.  July  2.  '59. 


ened  bis  flanks  with  field-works  and  fascines." 
Ibrahinis  troops  had  only  arrows  (no  guns). 
The  Indians  reported  that  not  less  than  40,000 
perished  in  the  battle  and  pursuit."*  The  battle 
lasted  from  soon  after  sunrise  till  noon. 

The  introduction  of  artillery  into  India  by  the 
French  and  English  is  not  much  beyond  one 
hundred  years.  W.  H. 

Oriental  Club. 

"  The  Bells  were  rung  Backwards  "  (2""*  S.  vii. 
375.)  — This  custom  is  of  very  ancient  date  with 
the  Scots,  although  no  authority  I  have  consulted 
fixes  the  exact  period.  In  the  boisterous  days  of 
Prince  Charlie,  their  practice  was,  after  a  defeat 
in  battle,  to  muffle  the  bells,  and  this  they  called 
"  backward  ringing,"  rendered  by  Scott  in  the 
words  of  Minnie's  Query.  Minnie  will  do  well 
to  consult  a  work  by  the  Messrs.  Chambers  on 
the  Scottish  manners  and  customs,  &c.,  which 
contaiiis  much  that  is  interesting.     Frank  Lamb. 

Sale  of  Villeins  (2"«  S.  vii.  497.)  —  I  extract 
the  following  article  from  S.  Collet's  Relics  of 
Literature,  8vo.  London,  1823,  p.  260. :  — 

"In  the  township  of  Porthaetliwj',  the  power  of  a 
feudal  proprietor  to  sell  bis  vassals  or  villains,  as  well 
as  his  cattle,  was  exemplified  to  so  late  as  tbe  reign  of 
Henry  VII.,  as  appears  from  tbe  following  translated 
document :  — 

«  '  Edfrj-ed  Fychan  ap  Ednyfed,  Dafydd  ap  Griflfyd, 
and  Howell  ap  Dafj'dd  ap  Rj'ridd,  free  tenants  of  our 
Lord  tbe  King,  in  the  township  of  Rhandirgadog,  have 
given  and  confirmed  unto  William  ap  Griffyd  ap  Guilj'ni, 
Esq.,  free  tenants  of  Porthmael,  seven  of  our  natives, 
viz.  —  Horsell  Matte,  and  Llewellyn  ap  Dafydd  dew ; 
Dafydd  and  Howell  ap  Matto,  ap  Dafydd  dew ;  Llewellyn 
ap  Evan  goch,  and  Jevan  ap  Evan  ddu,  with  their  suc- 
cessors procreated,  and  to  be  procreated,  and  all  their 
goods,' &c.  Dated  at  Rhandirgadog,  June  20'i»,  Hen.  VII." 

However,  the  above  document  does  not  seem 
to  me  to  afford  evidence  that  this  transfer  of  vil- 
leins was  by  way  of  sale.  Ache. 

Christian  in  his  notes  on  Blackstone  (ii.  96.  n. 
5.),  says,  "  The  last  claim  of  villenage  which  we 
find  recorded  in  our  courts,  was  in  the  15th  Jas.  I., 
Noy,  27 ;  11  Harg.  St.  Tr.  342."     T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

Kniglits  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell  (2"^  S.  vii. 
476.) — In  reply  to  Ithuriel's  Query  I  can  fur- 
nish him  with  the  name  of  another  person  who 
was  knighted  by  the  usurper  Oliver  Cromwell.  This 
person  was  Thomas  Dickenson,  a  merchant  who 
was  knighted  in  1657,  while  Lord  Mayor  of  York. 
This  was  the  second  time  he  had  served  the  office, 
having  been  lord  mayor  for  the  first  time  in  1647. 
I  have  not  succeeded  in  finding  in  the  British 
Museum  the  list  referred  to  by  your  corresi)on- 
dent.  J.  A,  Pn. 

*  See  translation  of  Baber's  Memoirs,  by  Erskine  of 
Bombay. 


Scala  Celi  (2"^  S.  vi.  111.  179.  238.)  —  1529, 
May  23.  Richard  Sykes  of  Stainton,  co.  York,  by 
his  will  of  that  date,  gave  to  the  Grey  Friars  in 
Doncaster  d>d.  to  say  two  masses  at  Scala  Cele. 

As  this  bequest  is  so  small  in  amount,  and  the 
locality  of  the  Scala  Celi  is  not  mentioned,  it  is 
probable  that  these  Grey  Friars  had  a  chapel  of 
that  name  within  the  precincts  of  their  own  house 
in  Doncaster.  J.  S. 

"History  of  Judas''  (2"'*  S.  vii.  455.)— The  title 
of  the  German  original  is  — 

"Judas  der  Ertz-schelm  fiir  eberliche  Leuth,  oder 
eigentlicher  EntwurfF  und  Lebensbeschreibug  dess  Isca- 
riotischen  Bosswicht,  vorinnen  underschiedliche  Discurs, 
sittliche  Lehrs-puncten,  Gedicht,  und  Geschicht,  auch 
sehr  reicher  Vorrath  Biblischer  Concepten,  welche  nit 
allein  einem  Prediger  aufF  der  Canzel  sehr  dienlich  fallen, 
der  jetzigen  verkehrten,  bethorzten,  versehrten  Welt  die 
Wahrheit  under  die  nasen  zu  reiben ;  sondern  es  kan  sich 
auch  dessen  ein  privat  und  einsamber  Leser  zur  erspriess- 
licher  Zeitvertreibung,  und  gewiinschten  Seelen-hayl 
gehauchen.  Zusamen  getragen  durch  Pr.  Abrubama  h 
S.  Clara,  Augustiner  Baarfiisser,  Kayserlichen  Prediger, 
&c.     Erster  Theil,  Saltzburg,  1686,  4to.  pp.  708. 

I  have  not  seen  the  second  part,  but  this  carries 
the  history  of  Judas  farther  than  the  translation. 
I  cannot  say  how  far,  for  the  legends  of  Judas  are 
so  scattered  and  mixed  with  pious  exhortations, 
points,  platitudes,  and  good  and  bad  jokes,  that 
the  biography  is  swamped.  The  book  is  an  excel- 
lent manual  for  preachers  of  Fray  Gerundio's 
school,  and  might  be  studied  with  advantage  by 
our  contemporary  pulpit  humourists,  whose  facetice 
are  wearing  threadbare.  Under  this  bufibonery 
there  is  good  store  of  practical  sense  and  sound 
morality. 

I  do  not  find  the  Life  of  Jiulas  in  any  account 
of  Diego  Hurtado  de  Mendoza's  works,  and  sus- 
pect that  his  name  was  added  to  the  title-page 
because  he  wrote  Lazarillo  de  Tormes. 

FiTZHOPKINS. 
Garrick  Club. 

Sir  James  Adolphus  Oughton,  K.  B.  (2"*^  S.  vii. 
516.)  —  Sometimes  Sir  Jas.  Adolphus  Dickson 
Oughton,  who  had  served  in  the  55th  foot,  was  in 
1762  appointed  colonel  of  the  3Ist  foot,  commonly 
called  the  "  Young  Buffs,"  from  the  regiment 
having  buflf  facings.  He  was  major-general  in 
August,  1761,  and  lieut.-general  in  April,  1770. 
The  time  of  his  decease  was  probably  about  1780. 
I  am  not  aware  whether  he  were  married,  or  not. 
The  most  convenient  references  I  can  give  your 
correspondent  for  the  above  particulars  are  Beat- 
son's  Political  Index  (edition  1806),  vol.  ii.  135 — 
229. ;  vol.  iii.  433.  Amicus. 

This  officer  was  a  member  of  the  Oughton  fa- 
mily who  resided  at  Sutton  Coldfield.  Mr.  Joseph 
Oughton,  who  was  High  Sheriff  of  Warwickshire 
in  1792,  was  descended  from  an  ancient  family  in 
Warwickshire,  and  one  of  its  members  was  raised 


2oJ  S.  VIII.  July  2.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


19 


to  the  degree  of  baronet  in  1718.  The  baronetcy 
is,  however,  now  extinct. 

The  only  information  which  I  can  give  as  to 
Sir  James  Adolphus  Oughton  is  as  follows :  — 
He  was  appointed  Lieut.-Col.  of  the  37th  regi- 
ment, August  7,  1749;  was  promoted  July  20, 
1759,  to  the  Colonelcy  of  the  55th  (previously  the 
57th}  regiment ;  was  promoted  to  Major-general 
August  15,  1761  ;  and  was  transferred  August  20, 
1762,  to  the  Colonelcy  of  the  31st  regiment  on  the 
death  of  Lieut.-General  Henry  Holmes.  Major- 
General  Oughton  was  raised  to  the  rank  of  Lieut.- 
General  April  30,  1770,  and  was  honoured  with 
the  Order  of  the  Bath  between  1771  and  1775. 
He  died  In  April,  1780,  and  was  succeeded  In  the 
colonelcy  of  the  31st  regiment  by  Major-General 
Thomas  Clarke,  who,  like  nearly  all  the  colonels 
of  infantry  regiments,  was  promoted  from  the 
Foot  Guards. 

The  Gentleman  s  Magazine  for  I\Iay,  1780,  pro- 
bably contains  a  biographical  notice  of  Sir  J.  A. 
Oughton.  G.  L.  S. 

Curved  Form  of  ancient  Inclosures  (2"'^  S.  vli. 
373.  —  The  following  citations,  very  hastily  fur- 
nished, will  help,  it  is  hoped,  to  throw  a  little 
light  on  your  correspondent's  (G.  A.  C.'s)  in- 
quiry as  to  the  curved  form  of  ancient  inclosures. 
The  Etruscans  were  great  "  Agrimensores"  and 
in  the  choice  and  foundation  of  a  city  observed  a 
number  of  ceremonies. 

"  Urbs  dicitur  ab  orbe  quod  antiquue  civitates  in  orbein 
fiebant." — Servius  ad  JEn.  i.  v.  IG. 

Again  : 

"  Urbs  ab  urbo  appellata  est,  urbare  est  aratro  defmire, 
et  Varus  ait,  urbum  appellari  Curvaturam  aratri  quod  in 
urbe  condenda  adhiberi  solet."  — Pompon.  7>/fl.  ult.  tit. 
leg.  239. 

Again,  Varro  lells  us  (1.  iv.  clc  L.  L.  c.  32.)  that 
Etruscans  marked  out  the  boundaries  of  their 
towns  thus :  — 

"  Junctis  bubus.  tauro  et  vacca  interiore  aratro  circum 
agebant  sulcum.  Hoc  faciebant  religionis  causa,  die 
auspicato,  ut  fossa  et  mujo  essent  munita.  Terrain  unde 
excalpserant,  fossam  vocabant  ;  et  introrsum  factum 
murum :  postea  quod  fiebat  orbis  urbs." 

The  transition  to  a  similar  practice  in  the  first 
and  earliest  inclosures  from  the  waste  was  easy 
and  natural,  but  the  whole  archaeology  of  the 
subject  is  too  important  and  Interesting  to  be 
passed  over  thus  superficially,  and  I  have  not 
time  for  more  at  present.  L.  M.  N, 

Patrick  Hannay  (2"'^  S.  vli.  p.  495.)— 

"  Songs  and  Sonnets,  15  copi«  printed.  Privately 
Printed  from  the  rare  edition  of  1022,  at  the  expense  of 
E.  V.  Utterson  for  presents.    Beldornie  Press,  18il." 

Belater-Adime. 

Fusils  in  Fesse  (2"-^  S.  vll.  375.)— In  reply  to 
Meletks,  the  following  families  bear  fusils  in 
fesse  :  —  Cheney    (Devon),  5    or  4  ;  Denham  or 


Denant,  4  ;  Carteret,  4  ;  Pennington,  5  ;  Monta- 
cute,  3 ;  Bull  (Sussex),  5  ;  Jones  (MIdd.),  5  ; 
Percy,  5  ;  Newmarch,  5  ;  Daubigny,  5 ;  Raleigh, 
3  ;  Cokenay,  3  ;  Aslacton,  5 ;  Dawtrcy,  5  ;  Bos- 
vill,  5  ;  Blomfield,  3  ;  GIfford,  3  ;  Tuckfield,  3 ; 
Johnson,  3 ;  Pygott,  3  ;  Percy,  3  ;  Pavyer,  3 ; 
Thorne,  3  ;  Chasbon,  3  ;  Acre,  3  ;  Champney,  3  ; 
Payne,  3  ;  Crowmer,  5 ;  Camayll,  3 ;  Gargan,  3  ; 
Gramore,  3  ;  Sowelling,  3  ;  Caysterton,  4 ;  Fal- 
conbrldge  (Essex),  6  ;  Knotford,  4 ;  Aungell,  4  ; 
BlonvIUe,  4  ;  Formans  (Norf.),  5  ;  Plompton,  5  ; 
Corby,  5  ;  Wycliff,  5 ;  Nevlll,  5 ;  Harpden,  5  ; 
Pinckney,  5  ;  Poynton,  5  ;  Knatchford,  4. 

From  the  above  list,  which  might  be  much  ex- 
tended, it  would  seem  that  families  bearing  fusils 
in  fesse  are  not  all  clearly  of  Norman  origin, 
although  many  here  mentioned  would  be  con- 
sidered as  undoubtedly  so.  The  numerals  refer 
to  the  number  of  fusils. ,  Cl.  Hopper. 

Clapping  the  Prayer-hooks  on  Good  Friday  (2"* 
S.  vil.  515.)  —  I  conjecture  that  where  this  cus- 
tom exists,  it  is  parallel  to  that  which  all  who 
have  heard  the  "Miserere"  sung  in  the  Sistine  or 
Pope's  chapel  at  Rome,  on  Wednesday,  Thursday, 
or  Friday  of  Passion  Week,  have  heard ;  namely, 
at  that  period  of  the  service  when,  out  of  thirteen 
lights  previously  burning,  one  only  is  left,  the 
others  having  been  extinguished  one  after  another 
at  certain  Intervals,  a  stamping  of  feet  is  heard 
within  the  choir.  Strangers  commonly  ask,  "what 
is  that  ?"  and  they  are  told  it  is  meant  to  signify 
the  abandonment  of  our  Saviour  by  his  disciples. 

E.  L. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

IVie  Life  and  Contemporaneous  Church  History  of  An- 
tonio de  Domiyiis,  Archbishop  of  Spalatrn,  afterwards  Dean 
of  Windsor,  §-c.  in  the  Reign  of  James  I.  By  Henry  New- 
land,  D.D.,  Dean  of  Ferns.     (J.  H.  &  J.  Parker.) 

In  our  last  volume  the  attention  of  our  readers  was 
directed,  by  several  notices  of  Father  Paul  and  Bishop 
Bedell,  to  the  eventful  history  of  the  Venetian  Interdict. 
The  work,  of  which  we  have  here  given  the  title,  is  some- 
what connected  with  that  memorable  transaction.  Al- 
though the  author  has  made  no  additions  whatever  to 
our  stock  of  information  respecting  either  the  subject  of 
his  Memoir,  or  his  illustrious  contemporaries  and  friends, 
Paul  Sarpi  and  Bishop  Bedell,  he  has  constructed  out  of 
the  limited  materials  at  his  command  an  interesting 
piece  of  biography.  We  regret,  however,  to  find  that  the 
Dean  has  perpetuated  (p.  80.)  Burnet's  fabulous  story 
respecting  the  refusal  of  Sir  Henry  Wotton  to  present 
King  James's  "  Premonition  "  to  the  Venetian  senate  in 
1G07 ;  whereas  this  work  of  the  King's  did  not  appear 
until  1609!  Again  (p.  94.),  it  is  not  true,  as  stated  by 
Burnet,  that  Bedell  accompanied  De  Dominis  to  England. 
It  is  certainly  to  be  regretted  that,  before  committing  his 
work  to  the  press,  the  Dean  did  not  make  use  of  the 
several  important  letters  and  documents  in  reference  to 
the  Archbishop  which  are  to  be  found  in  the  lately  pub  ■ 
lished  Domestic  Calendars  for  the  Reign  of  King  James  I. 
These  would  have  considerably  enhanced  the  value  of  his 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<i  S.  VIII.  July  2.  '69. 


book,  without  adding  proportionally  to  the  bulk  of  it. 
After  making  due  allowance  for  the  undisguised  aversion 
and  consequent  opposition  of  Archbishop  Abbott — for  the 
exasperated  feelings  of  the  Puritans — and  for  the  durable 
spite  of  Tom  Fuller  (which  breathes  in  the  pages  of  his 
Church  History^,  there  can  be  little  doubt  that,  through- 
out his  chequered  career,  the  predominant  passion  of  De 
Dominis  was  avarice.  But,  in  justice  to  the  memory  of  this 
distinguished  ecclesiastic,  while  we  admit  his  failings, 
we  must  acknowledge  how  faithfully  he  discharged,  to 
the  close  of  his  life,  those  solemn  obligations  into  which 
he  entered  with  the  ministry  of  the  Church  of  England, 
upon  the  eve  of  bidding  an  eternal  farewell  to  our  shores. 

The  Naval  History  of  Gi'eat  Britain  from  the  Decla- 
ration of  War  by  France  in  1793  to  the  Accession  of 
George  IV.  By  William  James.  A  New  Edition  with 
Additions  and  Notes,  In  Six  Volumes.  Vols.  I.  and  II. 
(Bentley.) 

The  loud  expression  of  public  feeling  called  forth  by 
the  rumour,  that  for  fiscal  purposes  it  was  the  intention 
of  the  present  Government  to  interrupt  the  exertions  now 
making  for  putting  our  Navy  into  a  state  of  eificiency, 
shows  that  old  England's  love  (or  her  blue  jackets  has  not 
waxed  cold.  We  fhall  therefore  be  surprised  if  Mr. 
Bentley's  judgment  in  putting  forth  at  the  present  mo- 
ment this  new  and  cheap  edition  of  so  popular  a  His- 
tory of  our  Naval  Triumphs  be  not  richly  rewarded. 
Two  out  of  the  six  volumes  (of  which  it  is  to  consist) 
are  now  before  us.  These,  after  a  brief  sketch  of  our 
navy  up  to  1792,  narrate  its  history  from  the  breaking 
out  of  the  first  French  Revolutionary  War  in  1792-3  to 
the  close  of  1800,  and  will  be  read  with  pride  by  every 
Englishman,  who  must  sympathise  with  the  daring,  en- 
durance, and  skill  evinced  during  that  eventful  period  by 
our  naval  commanders  and  their  gallant  crews. 

Mary  Stuart.  By  Alphonse  de  Lamartine.  (A.  &  C. 
Black.) 

We  have  here  a  most  touching  and  admirable  sketch 
of  the  life  of  one,  beautiful  as  she  was  unfortunate  — and 
whose  biography  therefore  is  one  of  romantic  and  sur- 
passing interest.  It  may  well  be  imagined  how  M.  de 
Lamartine  would  write  on  such  a  theme :  and  this  little 
volume  possesses  not  only  the  interest  arising  from  a 
well-considered  subject  treated  by  a  man  of  unquestion- 
able genius,  but  is  remarkable  as  being  the  only  work  of 
M.  de  Lamartine  which  has  appeared  solely  in  an  Eng- 
lish form,  having  been  expressly  translated  from  the 
original  unpublished  MS.  J.  M.  H.,  the  translator,  has 
executed  with  considerable  skill  the  task  of  rendering 
into  English  the  poet's  highly  wrought  and  elaborately 
finished  narrative. 

Black's  Picturesque  Tourist  of  Scotland.  Fourteenth 
Edition.     (A.  &  C.  Black.) 

This  is  certainlj'  a  most  admirable  Guide  to  the  Beau- 
ties of  Scotland,  pointing  out  as  it  does,  not  only  the 
localities  most  deserving  a  visit  and  the  means  of  reaching 
them,  but  also  their  historical  and  literary  interest.  A 
work  which  has  reached  its  fourteenth  edition — each  of 
which  successively  has  been  improved — can  need  no  com- 
mendation from  us. 

What  is  Homceopathy  ?  And  is  there  any,  and  what 
Amount  of  Truth  in  it?  By  J.  T.  Conquest,  M.D.,  F.L.S. 
(Longman.) 

A  very  important  question  asked  by  "  a  man  who  has 
attained  his  three  score  years  and  ten,  and  whose  prac- 
tice has  been  very  extensive  during  half  a  century,"  and 
in  which  he  shows  the  probability  that  in  Homoeopathy 
is  to  be  found  such  a  law  in  therapeutics  as  Sydenham, 
Hunter,  and  others  of  great  name  in  medical  science  long 
desired  to  see. 


The  Handel  Festival  has  proved  a  success  far  beyond 
expectation.  As  a  musical  performance  it  was  unparal- 
leled, and  honour  was  done  to  the  great  musician  in  a 
way  worthy  of  his  genius,  and  of  the  country  which 
nourished  him.  That  the  admiration  of  that  genius  is 
still  on  the  increase  may  be  inferred  from  the  following 
comparative  statement:  — 

The  numbers  present  at  the  Festival  in  1857  were  as 
follows :  — 


Saturday    . 
Monday 
Wednesday 
Friday   .    . 


Rehearsal  .  ,  . 
Messiah  .  .  . 
Judas  Maccabaeus 
Israel  in  Egypt  . 


8,344 
11,129 
11,649 
17,292 


Total  .  .  48,414 
On  this  occasion  the  numbers  have  been  as  follows :  — 
Saturday  .  .  .  Rehearsal  ....  19,680 
Monday  .  .  .  Messiah  ....  17,109 
Wednesday  .  .  Te  Deum  ....  17,644 
Friday    ....    Israel  in  Egypt  .    .    26,827  ■ 


Total    .    .    81,260 
thus  showing  an  increase  of  82,846  persons  in  1859  over 
1857. 

The  receipts  amount  on  the  present  occasion  to  about 
thirty  thousand  pounds ! 


BOOKS    AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &e.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

New  Whig  Guide, 

Robison's  MEcnANicAL  Philosophy.    4  Vols. 
Miss  EooBwoftTH's  Early  Lessons.    4  Vols.    First  edition. 
T>E  Pauthe.    3  or  4  Vols,  folio. 

Stirling's  Annals  of  the  Artists  op  Spain.    3  Vols. 
Athen^cm.    a  set  from  the  commencement,  or  the  first  4  Vols. 
Wanted  by  C.  J.  Sheet,  10.  King  William  Street,  Strand,  W.  C. 

Bemains  of   WiiLiAM   Fhelan,  D.D.     2  Vols.   8to.    London.    1832. 

Vol.  II. 
Remains   op    Samdel  O'Sdllivan,  D.D.    3  Vols.  8vo.    Dublin.    1853. 

Vol.  III. 
Mb.  Parlan's  Statistical  Sdrvky  op  Leitrim.    8vo.    Dublin.    1802. 
Wanted  by  Sev.  B.  H.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 

An  Universal  History  of  Arts  and  Sciences,  by  the  Chevalier  Denis 
de  Coetlegon.    2  Vols,  folio.    London,  printed  by  John  Hart.    1745. 
Wanted  by  N.  H.  li.  9.  Parliament  Street,  Westminster. 


fiatictS  ta  €avveSj^antsmtS. 

_  N.  H.  R.    LuttrelVs  Diary  was  published  by  the  University  of  Oxford 
in  1857,  in  six  handsome  Svo  volumes. 

L.  T.  C.  (Hersham)  will  find  in  our  1st  S.  ii.  viii.  and  ix.  mtich  infnr- 
mation  respecting  ampers  and  &. 

P.  W.  C.  (Oxford)  who  inquires  respecting  the  use  of  the  letters  M  or  iV 
in  the  church  services  is  also  referred  to  oiir  1st  S.  i.  ii.  and  iii. 

Dexter.  The  Earl  of  Warwick, a  tragedy,  1767,  is  by  Dr.  Thomas 
Francklin,  Rector  of  Brasted  in  Surrey. 

3.  Md.  No  more  than  two  series  appeared  of  Warner's  Epistolary 
Correspondence. 

Abhba.  Edmund  Borlase  only  published  three  worhftifilating  to  Ire- 
land. 

Ache.  Respecting  the  nt^ordination  of  an  English  bishop,  see  our  1st 
S.  X.  306.  393. 

T.  G.  L.  For  the  misprint  in  Psalm  Ixviii.  4.,  Prayer-Book  version, 
see  1st  8.  x.  105.  133. 

"  Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  \\s.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Beli.  and  Daldv,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.C;  to  whom 
all  Communications  fob  the  Editor  thovXd  be  addressed. 


2»*  S.  VIII.  JoLY  9.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


21 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JVLY  9. 1859. 


No.  184.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  !  — English  Actors  in  Germany,  by  William  J.  Thorns,  21  — 
Gleanings  from  Writers  of  the  Seventeenth  Century,  illustrative  of 
Proverbs,  Words,  &c.,  22 —  "The  Light  of  other  Days,"  23— Celtic 
Kemoins  in  Jamaica,  by  S.  R.  Pattison,  24  _  The  Prisoners'  Basket 
Carrier,  by  John  Brent,  lb. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Lord  Erskine  and  Rev.  Wm.  Cockin  —The  Hanove- 
rian Jewels  -  A  Lover  of  Matrimony— Old  Jokes  —  Michelet  on 
English  Literature  and  on  Shakspeare,  25. 

MiNoK  Queries:  — Vertue's  Draughts _  Sophocles  —  John  de  Baalun  — 
Cardinal  Virtues  —  Sir  William  Sutton  —  Cartulary  of  Buttele  — 
Graham:  Newton  —  Countess  of  Stalford  —  Sir  Walter  Scott  — 
Witches  worried  at  a  Stake  —  "  A  Letter  to  a  Clergyman,  See."  —  "  Le 
Bas  Bleu"  — Rue  in  Prisoners'  Dock  — Sir  John  Gascoigne  — He- 
raldic Query  —  Sir  Edward  Lovett  Pearce  —  "  Musomania,  or  Poets' 
Purgatory  —Bryan  Robinson,  M.D.  _  Quotation  —  Herbert  Knowles, 
26. 

Minor  Qdebies  with  Answers  ;  — College  of  Christ  at  Brecon- Bib- 
liographical Queries  —  II  Sepolchro  del  Santo  Sangue  —  Pregnant 
Women  Pardoned  _  Spot's  "  History  of  Canterbury,"  28. 

REPLIES: -Ussher's   Britaunicarum  Ecclesiarum  Antiqultates,  29 

—  Knights  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  3 1  —The  Origin  of  the  curved 
Form  of  the  old  Divisions  of  Land,  by  Henry  Thomas  Riley,  32  — 
Clapping  Prayer-Books  on  Good  Friday,  76. 

RiptiEs  TO  MiNoii  Queries:  — Antonio  de  Dominis  —  Fresco  in  the 
Record  Room,  Westminster  Abbey  —  Who  wrote  Gil  Bias  ?  —  Coffins 

—  Randolph  family  — The  Arrows  of  Harrow  —  Woodroof— Min- 
strels' Gallery  in  Cathedrals  —  British  Anthropophagi.  33. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c.,39. 


ENGLISH    ACTORS    IN   GERMANY. 

As  I  was,  I  believe,  the  first  person  to  call  the 
attention  of  English  men  of  letters  to  the  fact 
that  at  the  close  of  the  sixteenth  and  commence- 
ment of  the  seventeenth  centuries,  Germany  was 
visited  by  a  company  of  English  players*  —  a 
curious  point  of  literary  history  which  Mr.  Albert 
Cohn  has  since  illustrated  in  various  articles  in  The 
Athenceum,  I  trust  I  may  be  excused  for  occupy- 
ing the  columns  of  "  N.  &  Q."  with  an  extract  — 
a  long  one  certainly  —  from  a  communication  from 
that  gentleman  which  appears  in  l^ke  Athenceum 
of  June  25th  (No.  1652.),  and  which  throws  much 
new  and  important  light  upon  this  subject :  — 

"  Should  the  facts  that  have  been  brought  to  light  by 
others  and  myself  not  be  deemed  a  sufficient  proof  that 
those  plaj-ers  were  really  Englishmen,  the  following 
document,  addressed  to  the  authorities  of  the  Netherlands, 
will  definiteh'  settle  at  least  this  part  of  the  question :  — 

" '  Messieurs,  comme  les  pre'sents  porteurs,  Robert 
Browne,  Jehan  Bradstriet,  Thomas  Saxtield,  Richard 
Jones,  ont  delibere  de  faire  ung  voj'age  en  Allemagne, 
avec  intention  de  passer  par  le  pais  de  Zelande,  Hollande 
et  Frise,  et  allantz  en  leur  diet  voj'age  d'exercer  leurs 
qualitez  en  faict  de  musique,  agilitez  et  joeuz  de  comme- 
dies,  tragedies,  et  histoires,  pour  s'entretenir  et  fournir  il 
leurs  despenses  en  leur  diet  voyage.  Cestes  sont  partant 
vous  requerir  monstrer  et  prester  toute  faveur  en  voz 
pais  et  jurisdictions,  et  leur  octroyer  en  ma  faveur  vostre 
ample  passeport  soubz  le  seel  des  Estatz,  afin  que  les 
Bourgmestres  desvilles  estantzsoubs- voz  jurisdictions,  ne 
les  empeschent  en  passant  d'exercer  leur  dictes  qualitez 
par  tout.  En  quoy  faisant,  je  vous  en  demeureray  ^  tous 
oblige,  et  me  treuverez  tres  appareille  h  me  revencher  do 
vostre  courtoisie  en  plus  grand  cas.    De  ma  chaiubre'h,  la 


*  See  New  MonthlyfMagazine  for  January,  1841,  and 
«N.  &Q.,"2"<»S.  vii.  21. 


court  d'Angleterre  ce  x'"e  jour  de  Febvrier,  1591.    Voatre 
tres  afFecslonn^  a  vous  fayre  plaisir  et  sarvis, 

«'C.  Howard.' 

"  This  document  proves  a  great  deal  more  than  the 
English  nationality  of  the  players.  It  has  been  supposed 
hitherto — and  I  cannot  deny  that  I  entertained  the  same 
opinion  —  that  those  companies  of  players  originally  only 
intended  to  visit  the  Netherlands,  an  opinion  founded 
upon  certain  documents  mentioning  the  Low  Countries 
onlj'.  It  is  true,  that  as  early  as  the  last  decennium  of 
the  sixteenth  centurj-,  traces  are  to  be  found  of  their  ap- 
pearance in  Germany,  but  this  is  not  conclusive  as  to 
their  original  intention  of  visiting  Germany.  On  this 
point  the  foregoing  passport  sets  the  matter  at  rest. 

"  There  is  another  point  of  difference :  it  is  alleged  that 
our  players  cannot  have  performed  in  English,  consider- 
ing the  scantj'  knowledge  of  the  language  which  must 
have  prevailed  on  the  Continent  in  those  times.  But  the 
English  origin  of  certain  old  German  plays  has  been  dis- 
tinctly traced.  They  were  composed  at  the  time  when  the 
'  English  comedians '  displayed  their  art  in  Germany,  and 
it  is  universally  admitted  that  the  German  authors  of 
those  plays  got  acquainted  with  their  English  prototj-pes 
through  the  medium  of  the  '  English  comedians.'  Is  it 
probable  that  the  latter  performed  their  plays  in  the  Ger- 
man language?  Is  it  probable  that  itinerant  players 
were  sufficiently  conversant  with  that  language  to  speak 
it  from  the  stage?  Is  it  not  much  more  probable  that 
they  performed  in  their  mother-tongue,  tru.sting  to  their 
mimic  art  to  succeed  with  a  public  which  at  that  time 
was  very  modest  in  its  pretensions,  and  most  likely  was 
sufficiently  attracted  by  the  novelty  of  the  thing  ?  More- 
over, a  fragment  of  an  English  moral-play  which,  from 
the  character  of  its  type,  appears  to  have  been  printed 
abroad,  is  preserved  (see  Athen.,  No.  1506.),  and  it  may 
be  fairly  conjectured  that  it  is  connected  with  our  Eng- 
lish actors  —  a  connexion  which,  it  is  true,  will  have  to 
be  placed  on  a  firmer  basis  than  has  hitherto  been  esta- 
blished, and  to  which  I  shall  revert  at  a  more  favourable 
occasion. 

"  As  to  the  duration  of  the  stay  of  the  company  alluded 
to  in  the  Netherlands,  and  as  to  the  time  of  their  arrival 
in  Germany,  I  am  not  now  in  a  position  to  give  any  re- 
liable data.  Perhaps  their  performances  in  Germany 
have  some  connexion  with  the  coeval  theatricals  of  the 
Duke  Henry  Julius  of  Brunswick,  who  began  his  dramatic 
career  with  his  play  of  Susanna,  printed  in  1593.  For 
various  reasons,  it  is  evident  that  he  worked  under  the 
influence  of  the  '  English  comedians.'  Here  we  will  only 
mention  that  the  names  of  his  clowns,  such  as  Jahn 
(Jack,  Jenkin),  Jahn  Clam  (Clown),  &c.,  are  identical 
with  those  used  by  Jacob  Ayrer,  who,  as  is  well  known, 
borrowed  his  from  contemporary  English  designations. 
A  stronger  evidence  perhaps  is  to  be  found  in  the  simi- 
larity one  of  the  Duke's  plaj'S — Tragedia  von  einer 
Ehebrecherin  —  bears  to  the  plot  of  The  Merry  Wives  of 
Windsor.  The  Ehebrecherin  y^RS  first  printed  in  1594; 
The  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor  only  in  1600 ;  but  all  the 
modern  commentators  agree  that  this  play  must  have 
been  written,  and  probably  was  performed,  at  a  much 
earlier  date,  on  account  of  the  allusion  in  Act  IV.  to  the 
Duke  Frederick  of  Wurtemberg,  who  visited  Windsor  in 
1592,  and  other  evidences.  To  this  subject  also  we  will 
have  to  revert  in  a  more  detailed  manner  than  your 
valuable  space  admits. 

"  In  conclusion,  I  shall  say  a  few  words  on  the  players 
mentioned  in  the  above  document. 

"A  Richard  Jones,  on  the  3rd  of  Januarj',  1588-9,  sold 
to  Edward  Alleyn  his  theatrical  property  for  37/.  10». 
(See  Memoir  of  E.  A.,  pp.  4.  198.)  Again,  in  Henslowe's 
Diary  (edited  by  J.  P.  Collier  for  the  Shakspeare  So- 


22 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«-i  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '5?. 


ciety),  a  Richard  Jones,  avIio  evidently  belonged  to  the 
company  of  plaj-ers  connected  with  Henslowe,  is  fre- 
quently mentioned  between  1593  and  1601.  The  question 
arises  whether  these  two  and  the  one  mentioned  in  the 
passport  are  identical.  It  maj*  be  conjectured  that  a  man 
who  sold  his  theatrical  property  in  1589  might  have 
done  so  with  a  view  to  go  abroad,  and  that  in  1593  —  the 
year  when  his  name  first  occurs  in  Henslowe's  Diary  —  he 
may  have  returned.  We  find  in  the  Alleyn  Papers  (edited 
by  J.  P.  Collier  for  the  Shakspeare  Society),  p.  19.,  a 
curious  document,  of  some  importance,  as  it  throws  addi- 
tional light  on  the  matter  in  hand.  It  is  a  letter  from 
Richard  Jones — evidently  the  one  mentioned  in  the 
passport —  to  Edward  Alleyn,  to  the  following  effect:  — 
"  '  Mr.  Allen,—  I  commend  my  love  and  humble  duty 
to  you,  geving  you  thankes  for  j'o''  great  bounty  bestoed 
upon  me  in  my  sicknes,  when  I  was  in  great  want :  god 
blese  you  for  it.  Sir,  this  it  is,  I  am  to  go  over  beyond 
the  seeas  w'  Mr.  Browne  and  the  com  pan j',  but  not  by 
his  meanes,  for  he  is  put  to  half  a  shaer,  and  to  staj'  hear, 
for  they  ar  all  against  his  going :  now,  good  Sir,  as  A'OU 
have  ever  byne  my  worthie  frend,  so  helpe  me  nowe.  I 
have  a  sute  of  clothes  and  a  cloke  at  pane  fo""  three  pound, 
and  if  it  shall  pleas  you  to  lend  me  so  much  to  release 
them,  I  shall  be  bound  to  pray  fo'  you  so  longe  as  I  leve ; 
for  I  go  over,  and  have  no  clothes,  I  shall  not  be  esteemd 
of;  and  by  god's  help,  the  first  mony  that  I  get  I  will 
send  it  over  unto  you,  for  hear  I  get  nothinge:  some 
tymes  I  have  a  shillinge  a  day,  and  some  tymes  nothinge, 
so  that  I  leve  in  great  poverty  hear,  and  so  humbly  take 
my  leave,  prainge  to  god,  I  and  my  wifie,  for  yo""  health 
and  mistris  Allene's,  which  god  continew.  —  Yo"^  poor 
frend  to  command,  Richard  Jokes.' 

"  Unfortunately,  no  date  is  affixed  to  this  letter.  There 
can  be  no  doubt,  however,  that  the  writer  and  the  person 
mentioned  in  the  passport  are  identical,  nor  yet  that  the 
*  Mr.  Browne '  alluded  to  is  the  same  person  mentioned 
first  in  the  passport.  Mr.  Collier,  in  his  preliminary  re- 
marks to  that  letter,  informs  us  that  Malone  was  in  pos- 
session of  a  copy  of  it,  but  that  he  was  not  aware  of  its 
importance  in  connexion  with  the  history  of  the  early 
English  stage ;  and,  further,  Mr.  Collier  regrets  having 
no  clue  to  a  date,  nor  to  the  identity  of  '  Mr.  Browne.' 
The  clue  to  both  will  be  found  in  the  above  passport. 
'  Mr.  Browne,'  who  was  up  to  this  day  a  mysterious  per- 
son, and  whom  Mr.  Collier  supposes  to  have  been  'some 
connexion  of  Alleyn,'  now  turns  up  as  Richard  Browne, 
the  principal  of  a  company  of  English  players  going 
'  over  beyond  the  seeas.'  It  is  probable  that  he  was  one 
of  Henslowe's  players.  Richard  Jones,  as  it  appears  from 
his  letter,  left  England  '  in  great  poverty,'  in  the  hope  of 
bettering  his  circumstances  abroad.  If  we  may  suppose 
that  he  succeeded  in  doing  so,  it  is  not  improbable  that 
he  returned  to  England,  and  that  he  might  be  the  person 
mentioned  in  Henslowe's  Diary,  from  1593  to  1601.  If 
so,  it  is  probable  tliat  he  was  in  some  way  acquainted 
■with  Shakspeare,  as  the  company  of  plaj'ers  to  which 
Shakspeare  belonged,  and  that  connected  with  Henslowe, 
were  acting,  if  not  in  concert,  in  the  joint  occupation  of 
the  same  theatre  for  two  whole  years,  from  June,  1594,  to 
July,  1596,  -while  the  '  Globe '  was  in  the  course  of  con- 
struction, 

"As  to  the  two  remaining  names  mentioned  in  the 
passport,  Jehan  (John)  Bradstriet  and  Thomas  Saxfield, 
hitherto  I  have  not  been  successful  in  identifying  their 
persons.  Albeet  Cohn." 

I  trust  that  in  thus  directing  the  attention  of 
the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  to  this  very  interesting 
question,  I  shall  not  only  promote  the  object  of 
Mr.  Cohn's  communication  —  "namely,  to  induce 


English  writers  to  investigate  this  remarkable 
phenomenon  hitherto  so  insufficiently  illustrated" 
—  but  also  lead  to  the  identification  of  "  Thomas 
Saxfield  (who  will  probably  turn  out  to  be  a 
Thomas  Sackville)  and  John  Bradstriet." 

William  J.  Thoms. 


GLEANINGS  FROM  WRITERS  OF  THE  SEVENTEENTH 
CENTURY,  ILLUSTRATIVE  OF  PROVERBS,  WORDS, 
ETC. 

(^Concluded  from  p.  8.) 

Miscellaneous.  — 

"  I  have  seen  a  practise  at  many  dinners  made  at  mar- 
riages, after  the  offerings  are  made,  the  Brides  gloves  are 
thrown  on  the  table,  and  then  two  of  the  young  men  who 
will  show  their  gallant  spirits,  offer  for  the  gloves :  one 
offers  so  much,  the  other  more ;  the  other  offers  again, 
and  out-bids  him ;  so  they  go  on  till  one  layes  down  so 
much  that  the  other  will  not  out-bid  him,  then  he  that 
offers  most  carries  away  the  gloves  in  triumph,  the  stan- 
ders-by  applauding  him ;  the  gloves  not  worth  a  quarter 
of  the  money  that  he  hath  layed  down,  only  he  hath 
shown  his  gallantry,  got  some  credit  —  a  friend  to  the 
Bride;  this  contents  him." — Firmin's  Real  Christian, 
p.  176. 

"  As  it  is  a  thing  familiarly  used  among  those  goers 
about  which  do  use  the  art  of  Jugling,  and  present  merry 
plays  and  sights  to  the  people  for  money,  to  place  in  a 
Cauldron  an  iron  needle,  between  two  loadstones,  which 
they  carry  hid  in  their  hands,  that  it  runs  here  and  there 
uncertainly,  wavering  between  both,  one  while  following 
the  stone  which  draws  it  unto  it  at  first,"  &c.,  &c. — 
Ward  on  the  Wonders  of  the  Loadstone,  London,  1640. 

"  It  is  also  a  usuall  thing  with  Couseners  of  plain 
Country  people,  and  for  Mountebancks,  under  pretence  of 
the  vertues  and  effects  thereof,  to  seek  earnestly  for  credit 
and  estimation  to  that  plaister  which  in  Latin  is  tearmed 
Armarium,  and  is  commonly  called  the  weapon  salve, 
having  sympathy  with  other  things,  and  wrought  upon 
by  the  Stars."  —  lb.,  250. 

"  You  have  heard  of  the  weapon  salve,  that  it  cures 
wounds  at  a  distance ;  such  a  kind  of  salve  is  Hope."  — 
Gurnall's  Christian  in  Armour,  iii.  34. 

(See  Notes  and  Queries,  2'»'»  S.  vii.  231.) 

"An  ill  complexion  may  have  a  painted  face;  and 
prosperity  is  no  other  to  a  wicked  man,  than  a  painted 
face  to  a  foul  woman."  —  Burroughs  on  Hosea,  i.  278. 

"  I  make  use  of  this  hour  to  preach  in ;  though  I  make 
use  of  it  in  a  holy  duty,  I  make  it  no  further  holy  than  a 
man  doth  his  spectacles  that  he  useth  to  reade  the  Scrip- 
tures by."— 76.,  292. 

"  As  the  paper  and  thread  in  a  shop  is  given  in  to  the 
commodity."  —  lb.,  332. 

"  Those  kind  of  fruits,  as  your  Apricocks  and  your  May 
cherries,  that  grow  by  a  wall  in  the  open  sun  shine,  and 
have  the  hot  reflection  of  the  sun,  come  to  be  sooner  ripe," 
&c.  — J6.,  462. 

"  Some,  not  contented  with  ordinary  plain  letters,  make 
such  flourishes  about  them  that  you  can  scarce  tell  what 
they  are."  —  Vol.  ii.  37. 

""  If  possibly  there  could  be  imagined  any  use  for  them 
(t.  e.  ceremonies  in  worshipping  God)  at  the  first,  the 
best  is  that  they  were  but  as  Horn-books  and  fisticues  for 
the  childhood  and  infancy  of  the  Church.  And  is  it 
seemly  always  to  learn  upon  them?  What  knowledge 
shall  you  get  if,  when  you  set  your  children  to  learn  to 


2nds.  VIII.  July  9.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


23 


read,  they  shall  be  kept  ten,  twenty,  thirty  years  to  their 
Horn-books?  —  Burroughs  on  Hosea,  vol.  ii.  38. 

"  It  is  noted  of  some,  who  are  of  poor  servile  spirits, 
and  whose  greatest  means  comes  in  by  burials,  that  they 
ar€  glad  and  rejoyce  when  they  hear  the  bell  ring."  —  lb., 
109. 

"  There  is  great  difference  between  the  rebukes  of  God 
on  the  godl^'  and  the  wicked,  though  perhaps  rebuked 
both  in  one  and  the  same  affliction ;  as  the  Apothecary 
breaks  Bezar  stones  to  powder,  but  is  very  carefull  of  it, 
and  will  not  loose  the  least  grain  of  it :  So  the  Lord's 
people,  even  in  the  furnace,  ai'e  as  dear  to  Him,  and  have 
the  most  experience  of  God's  love,  that  ever  thej-  had." — 
lb.,  451. 

"  'Tis  reported  of  the  Cristal,  that  it  hath  such  a  vertue 
in  it,  that  the  very  touching  of  it  quickens  other  stones, 
and  puts  a  lustre  and  beautv  on  them.  This  is  true  of 
faith."  — /i.,  543. 

"  As  in  blind  Alehouses  [query,  what  are  thej'  ?  *],  there 
is  abundance  of  disorder,"  &c.,  &c.  —  lb.,  ii.  33. 

"  We  know,  heretofore,  what  abundance  of  advantage 
there  was  gotten  by  Funerals:  scarce  could  you  bury  a 
child  under  three  or  four  pounds,  such  kind  of  fees  there 
were."  —  lb.,  iii.  169. 

"  You  know  in  times  of  war  men  will  hide  their  silver 

and  I  make  no  question  but  another  generation 

may  find  treasures  of  silver  in  the  countrie  in  the  midst 
of  nettle  bushes  and  thorn  bushes.  It's  a  lamentable 
spectacle  to  see  places  where  fair  buildings  have  been, 
that  now  nettles  and  thorns  should  grow."  —  lb.,  iii.  185. 

"  We  know  that  we  prize  fruit  that  is  first  ripe,  as 
cherries  when  they  are  first  of  all  come,  when  they  come 
it  may  be  two  or  three  into  the  market  —  and  pease  .  .  . 
how  they  are  prized  .  .  .  We  say,  when  Cherries  come 
at  first,  that  thev  are  Ladies'  Meat,  or  longing  Meat."  — 
lb.,  iii.  212. 

"  Tou  perhaps  can  look  on  poor  people  carrj'ing  Tank- 
ards, earning  dearly  ten  pence  or  twelve  pence  a  daj-."  — 

"  See  how  white  they  are,  what  fair  skins  they  have, 
and  put  black  Patches  likewise  to  set  out  their  beautj', 
and  the  whiteness  of  their  fair  skins ;  and  if  that  will  not 
serve,  even  laying  over  a^  paint  to  make  it  fair  if  it  be  not 
otherwise  so."  —  lb.,  iii.  433. 

Reference  was  made  (2"*  S.  vi.  322.)  to  the 
substitution  of  /  for  Aye.  It  is  a  somewhat  curi- 
ous circumstance  that,  in  vol.  iii.  oi  Burroughs  on 
Hosea,  this  substitution  appears  repeatedly,  I 
think  fourteen  or  fifteen  times  ;  also  six  times  in 
vol.  iv.,  though  scarcely,  if  at  all,  in  the  two  for- 
mer volumes  does  the  interjection  appear.  Can 
any  correspondent,  versed  in  literature  of  that 
period,  say  whether  this  form  of  the  expression 
was  then  universal  ?  or,  as  one  friend  has  sug- 
gested, supplied  by  the  printer,  and  peculiar  to 
books  from  the  same  office.  Volumes  iii.  and  iv. 
were  printed  "  by  Peter  Cole,  at  the  sign  of  the 
Printing  Press,  in  Cornhil,  near  the  Royal  Ex- 
change." S.  M.  S. 


THE    LIGHT    OF   OTHER   DAYS. 

The  Rev.  John  Dun,  Y.  D.  M.,  minister  of  the 
parish  of  Auchinleck,  Ayrshire,  in  two  8vo.  vols. 

.    [*  Obscure,   concealed   alehouses;    hence   Holinshed 
speaks  of  "  a  blind  village,"  and  "  a  blind  ditch."] 


of  Sermons,  printed  in  1790,  by  J(ohn)  Wils  on 
Kilmarnock  (the  "  wee  Johnny  "  of  the  epitaph 
by  Burns),  notices  the  two  following  instances, 
which,  in  point  of  longevity,  gives  an  almost  ante- 
diluvian aspect  to  the  narrations  (vol.  ii.  p.  38.) : — 

"  It  was  no  small  gratification  to  the  Convivial  Meet- 
ing at  a  respectable  Tavern  in  the  City  (London),  on 
Tuesday  evening,  for  the  celebration  of  the  Centenary  of 
the  Revolution,  that  a  person  was  present  who  remem- 
bered that  glorious  event,  being  112  years  of  age.  This 
venerable  old  man  was  chaired  on  the  occasion.  He  is 
said  to  be  a  resident  in  the  French  Hospital  in  Old-Street- 
Eoad,  where  there  are  ten  persons  who  were  born  about 
that  period,  their  ages  making  together  one  thousand 
years  (London  Newspapers  of  Nov.  7,  1788)."  —  Vol.  i. 
p.  230. 

"  Stop,  passenger,  until  my  life  3-ou  read, 
That  living  may  have  knowledge  of  the  dead  : 
Four  times  five  years  I  liv'd  a  virgin's  life, 
Ten  times  five  years  I  was  a  wedded  wife ; 
Ten  times  five  j'ears  I  liv'd  a  widow  chaste, 
Now  tired  of  this  mortal  life  I  rest. 

"  Four  times  five  years  a  Commonwealth  I  saw ; 
Ten  times  the  subjects  rose  against  the  law ; 
Twice  did  I  see  old  Prelacy  pull'd  down, 
And  twice  the  Cloak  was  humbled  by  the  Gown  : 
An  end  of  Stewart's  race  —  I'll  say  no  more  — 
I  saw  my  Country  sold  for  England's  ore : 
Such  desolations  in  my  time  have  been. 
An  end  of  all  perfection  I  have  seen." 

"  T7tis  is  the  Elegy  of  Princess  Mary  Scott,  Dutchess  of 
Buccleugh,  who  died  at  Pall-Mall  in  London,  1728." 

"  The  above  Elegy  Mr.  Dun  has  kept  since  a  boy  play- 
ing on  the  banks  of  the  Esk.  He  remembers  not  whence 
he  had  it,  nor  knows  the  hand  in  which  it  is  written. 
He,  in  Spring  1788,  sent  a  copy  to  the  present  Duke,  and 
wrote  his  Grace  as  follows :  '  I  did  not  chuse  to  insert  it 
until  I  should  have  your  Grace's  permission ;  at  least  I 
will  give  3'ou  some  months  to  forbid  me  before  it  be 
printed,  and  shall  thank  you  for  correction  or  advice.'  " 

•'  It  contains  a  short  history  and  some  instruction, 
which  (as  curious  too)  induced  Mr.  Dun  to  publish  it." 

At  the  time  the  reverend  divine  issued  his  Ser- 
mons and  the  notes  appended  to  them,  Robert 
Burns,  as  a  poet,  was  in  the  hey-day  of  his  popu- 
larity. It  now  becomes  somewhat  interesting  to 
hear  the  opinion  this  Ayrshire  clergyman  enter- 
tained of  the  bard,  which  may  be  learned  from  his 
words:  — 

"  A  LATE  author  indeed,  who  has  abused  his  God  and 
his  King,  has  ridiculed  the  Communion  in  the  parish 
where  he  lived  under  the  sarcasm  of  a  Holy  Fair.  He 
pretends  to  be  onlj'  a  ploughman,  though  he  mixes  Latin 
with  his  mixture  of  English  and  Scottish,  and  is  not  like 
'  thresher  Duck  who  kept  at  flail.'  . 

"  He  published  inter  alia  a  profane  poetic  address  to  the 
Devil,  which  occasioned  what  follows  —  in  language  simi- 
lar to  his — (This  (foot-note)  may  be  suited  to  him  and  to 
other  deistical  writers  of  incoraparabl}'  more  wit,)" 

"  The  DeeVs  Answer  to  his  verra  Friend  R.  Burns. 
1.  "So!  zealous  Robin,  stout  an  fell. 

True  Champion  for  the  cause  o'  Hell, 
Thou  beats  the  Righteous  down  pell  mell, 

Sae  frank  an  forthj% 
That  o'  a  seat  where  Devils  dwell, 
There's  nane  mair  worthy.    , 


24 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2->-«  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '59. 


2.  "Giff*  thou  gang  on  the  gate  thou  's  gann, 
Ilk  fearless  fieu'  shall  by  thee  stan', 
That  bows  aneath  my  high  comman'j 

Sae  be  na  frightet, 
For  I  sail  lend  my  helping  han' 

To  see  thee  rightet." 

And  in  a  similar  style  proceeds  to  verse  viii. :  — 

"  Now,  Rob,  my  lad,  chear  up  th}'  saul  f, 
In  Goshen  thou  shalt  tent  thy  faul  J, 
An  gifF  thou's  ay  as  stout  an  haul  §, 

As  I'm  a  Deel, 
Thou's  no  give  up,  till  thou's  right  aul  |t, 
Sae  fare  thee  weel." 
'  "Anatoer  a  Fool  according  to  his  Folly,  Prov.  xxvi.  5." 

Mr.  Dun  acknowledges  that  it  was  rather  hard 
work  getting  on  with  this  poem,  having  "ham- 
mered it  out  something  like  Pope's  poet,"  "who 
strains  from  hard-bound  brains  nine  lines  a  year." 
It  is  no  wonder  Burns  complained  of  the  great 
"  spawn  "  of  imitators  that  his  lays  had  brought 
forth.  G.  JST. 


CELTIC    BEMAINS    IN   JAMAICA. 

A  West-Indian  friend,  on  whose  accuracy  full 
reliance  may  be  placed,  has  brought  to  me  two 
stone  implements  found  in  the  superficial  soil  of 
the  island  of  Jamaica.  They  are  celts  of  the  ordi- 
nary description,  and  of  medium  size  and  careful 
workmanship,  undistinguishable  from  the  common 
types  of  the  later  stone  period  in  Europe.  The 
material  is  a  hard  greenstone,  unlike  as  I  am  in- 
formed any  rock  found  on  the  island.  Both  bear 
traces  of  the  lateral  attachment  of  a  haft,  made 
probably  by  bending  a  supple  stout  wand  horizon- 
tally round  the  middle  of  the  tool,  and  tying  it  on 
with  fibres ;  just  as  the  granite  quarrymen  on  the 
Cornish  moors  now  do  with  their  small  steel  chisels. 
A  third  implement  of  larger  size,  but  of  the  same 
kind,  has  also  been  exhumed.  I  have  not  heard 
of  any  pottery  or  other  objects  of  art.  The  fact 
and  fashion  of  the  tool  connect  it  with  the  abori- 
ginal tribes  of  western  Europe,  or  rather  with  the 
first  traceable  wave  of  the  Indo-European  migra- 
tion. Will  one  of  your  correspondents  who  is 
gifted  with  leisure  for  the  investigation  follow  up 
the  subject  by  noting  the  vestiges  of  the  westward 
course  of  the  great  original  stream  of  Celtic  popu- 
lation ?  I  have  some  recollection  of  the  occur- 
rence of  similar  implements  in  the  United  States 
being  recorded,  but  have  not  time  to  pursue  the 
inquiry,  though  it  assumes  the  more  interest  at 
present  from  the  analogous,  though  different,  phe- 
nomena of  the  flint  implements  now  under  such 
copious  discussion  among  antiquaries  and  geolo- 
gists. No  reasonable  doubt  can  be  entertained 
by  anyone  who  sees  the  articles  found  near  Amiens 
and  Abbeville,  and  in  the  Sicilian  and-Brixham 
caves,  that  they  are  of  man's  workmanship,  and 


intended  for  different  uses  :  in  fact,  that  we  have 
the  cutlery  of  the  early  stone  period.  At  St. 
Acheul,  as  at  the  former  jftnd  in  our  own  country, 
the  abundance  of  these  remains  within  a  narrow 
space  points  to  more  than  a  settlement,  and  shows 
the  existence  of  a  manufactory.  Just  as  future 
archaeologists  will  find  at  Brandon  proofs  of  the 
fabrication  of  gun-flints  for  the  million.  The  oc- 
currence of  the  bones  of  extinct  mammals  inter- 
spersed with  the  implements,  and  of  undisturbed 
beds  of  brick-earth  with  land  shells  above,  and 
intercalated  with  implement-bearing  drift,  are 
phenomena  so  remarkable  that  I  prefer  waiting 
for  farther  facts  in  confirmation  before  attempting 
either  to  found  conclusions  or  alter  present  land- 
marks. There  is  a  well-endowed  band  of  ex- 
plorers on  the  quest,  and  they  will  doubtless 
unkennel  the  truth,  which  is  always  well  worth 
the  hunting,  I  recollect  a  collection  of  flint  im- 
plements in  the  museum  at  Beauvais,  which  should 
be  examined.  An  arrow-head  of  flint  has  been 
found  in  a  Cornish  stream-work.    S.  R.  Pattison. 


If. 


t  Soul.         X  Fold.        §  Bold. 


Old. 


THE   prisoners'    BASKET    CARRIER. 

^  An  officer  bearing  this  name  exercised  his  func- 
tions in  Canterbury  for  many  years.  His  duties 
consisted  in  perambulating  the  streets  with  a 
basket,  into  which  the  charitable  dropped  their 
contributions  for  the  poor  prisoners.  The  con- 
dition of  prisoners,  more  especially  of  the  hum- 
blest class  of  debtors,  was  often  very  deplorable. 
Incarcerated  by  the  local  court  for  weeks,  and 
even  for  months,  for  the  most  trifling  debts,  the 
amounts  sometimes  scarcely  exceeding  a  shilling, 
they  remained  at  one  time  almost  solely  depend- 
ent on  the  charitable  for  their  daily  food.  The 
court  by  whose  judgments  they  were  cast,  some 
years  previous  to  the  establishment  of  the  County 
Court)  was  denominated  by  one  of  those  anomalies 
in  our  language  which  have  such  strange  humour 
in  them,  the  Court  of  Conscience  ! 

The  duties  of  "prisoners'  basket  carrier"  not 
being  sufficiently  remunerating,  the  functionary 
received,  a.d.  1707,  the  additional  appointment  of 
"  swine  driver,"  whereby  he  acquired  official  au- 
thority to  drive  to  pound,  or  elsewhere  secure,  all 
these  and  other  animals  found  wandering  at  large 
in  the  streets  and  public  places.  The  jury  pre- 
sentments two  hundred  years  since  give  a  vivid 
picture  of  the  then  state  of  the  thoroughfares  in 
Canterbury,  which  doubtless  applied  to  many 
other  towns  In  the  kingdom.  One  man,  a  car- 
penter or  builder,  returning  from  the  woods  at 
"  Nether  Hardres,"  coolly  shoots  down  a  load  of 
timber  before  his  door,  for  want  of  a  timber  yard. 
Another  drives  posts  Into  the  footway  before  his 
house,  on  which  to  display  his  merchandise.  A 
third  keeps  a  whole  team  of  pigs,  which  live  at 


2''d  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


25 


large  in  happy  freedom  in  the  streets,  like  the 
dogs  that  prowl  through  an  Eastern  city  ;  while  a 
fourth  makes  an  invasion  on  the  narrow  street,  of 
a  porch  or  of  a  shed,  or  perhaps  of  a  bay  window, 
within  which  to  drink  or  smoke,  and  otherwise 
enjoy  himself.  In  some  places  ponderous  signs, 
swung  across  from  house  to  house,  and  overhang- 
ing stories  above  and  covered  ways  beneath,  as  in 
the  ancient  "  Mercerie,"  made  it  a  marvel  that 
anyone  who  entered  s^t  one  end  of  these  "  thoro- 
fares  "  should  ever  make  his  exit  at  the  other. 

But  to  return  to  the  prisoners'  basket  carrier  : 
A.D.  1711,  he  is  ordered  to  have  a  new  coat. 
Thirty-five  years  later,  to  his  other  duties  is 
added  the  Augean  duty  of  keeping  clear  the 
great  sewer  at  King's  Bridge.  Doubtless  such  a 
duty  was  not  very  repugnant  to  an  individual  in 
his  humble  capacity,  when  we  find  that  in  the 
preceding  year  Alderman  Blotting  received  two 
guineas  for  making  the  gallows  and  cofBn  of  a 
man  named  William  Hulke,who  was  hanged  in 
the  city.  The  shaft  of  a  gibbet,  probably  one  of 
Alderman  Blotting's  manufacture,  still  lies  on  the 
under  floor  of  the  Guildhall. 

A.D.  1707,  a  practice  obtained  of  certain  pri- 
soners from  Westgate  being  allowed  to  go  at 
large.  This  was  afterwards  prohibited,  except 
under  special  licence  from  the  mayor,  whose 
jurisdiction,  with  that  of  the  sheriff,  seemed  to 
be  conflicting,  or  not  properly  defined  in  respect 
of  the  prisoners  and  the  gaol. 

The  executions  in  Canterbury,  judging  by  the 
number  of  gibbets,  must  have  been  numerous  ; 
and  among  the  individuals  who  suffered  we  may 
note,  A.D.  1661,  two  reputed  witches.  The  she- 
riff''s  expenses  on  this  occasion  were  38^.  The 
ancient  corporation  of  Canterbury,  in  connexion 
with  the  administration  of  the  laws,  had  a  power 
to  admit  parties  to  act  as'attorneys.  a.d.  1665, 
this  privilege  was  restricted  to  those  persons  who 
had  been  brought  up  as  clerks  under  the  Re- 
corder and  the  Town  Clerk,  or  had  served  under 
attorneys. 

Law  was  conrparatively  cheap,  a.d.  1636,  the 
town  clerk  was  paid  65.  Sd.  for  engrossing  every 
lease,  and  6*.  8c?.  for  enrolling  the  same ;  the  mayor 
and  aldermen  being  allowed  12d.  conjointly  for 
wine  on  the  sealing  of  each  lease. 

A.D.  1640,  Isaac  Bond  is  appointed  bellman,  and 
one  department  of  his  duty  consisted  in  perambu- 
lating the  city  of  a  night  to  look  out  after  the 
fires  and  candles  of  the  inhabitants,  and  to  knock 
at  every  one's  house  "  who  had  gone  to  bed  with 
his  doors  open."  Also,  "  to  inform  Mr.  Mayor,  or 
the  master  of  the  family,  of  all  such  servants  as 
he  should  find  in  the  streets  at  unseasonable 
hours." 

A  few  years  later,  a.d,  1660,  the  bellman  was 
allowed  a  coat  of  green  cloth  at  the  city's  ex- 
pense ;  a  perquisite  not  badly  earned,  if  he  faith- 


fully reported  all  he  saw.  The  night  watch  about 
this  period  consisted  of  twelve  persons,  four  of 
whom  had  to  stand  at  St.  Andrew's  Church  as  a 
corps  de  reserve.  The  old  church  stood  then  in 
the  centre  of  the  main  street.  The  remainder  of 
the  watch  (eight)  were  divided  into  two  com- 
panies, who  walked  up  and  down  throughout  the 
city.  The  watch  was  set  at  ten  o'clock  by  the 
constable  of  the  watch,  and  continued  until  four 
o'clock  of  the  morning.  Aldermen  of  the  watch 
were  appointed.  John  Brent. 


iHitior  ^aXzi. 

Lord  Erskine  and  Rev.  Wm.  Cochin.  —  In  Re- 
collections of  Samuel  Rogers,  Lond.  1859,  12mo. 
under  reminiscences  of  Thos.  Lord  Erskine,  by 
the  poet,  at  p.  167.,  is  an  anecdote  related  by  the 
former,  after  dinner  at  Lord  Holland's,  which 
states  that  he  was  employed  to  establish  a  will  by 
which  a  clergyman  came  into  a  large  property 
bequeathed  to  him  by  two  old  maiden  ladies,  from 
some  small  courtesies  which  they  were  pleased  to 
value  so  highly.  No  place  or  names  are  particu- 
larised ;  but  as  the  date  of  the  events  is  now  at 
least  seventy  years,  there  can  be  no  objection  to 
stating  that  the  reverend  gentleman  was  Mr. 
William  Cockin,  then  curate,  but  afterwards  rec- 
tor, of  Minchinhampton  *,  a  clergyman  of  the 
highest  respectability,  and  the  name  of  the  ladies 
(sisters)  was  Penfold.  The  trial  took  place  at 
Gloucester  Assizes,  and  Mr.  Erskine  came  down 
specially,  with  a  fee  of  three  hundred  guineas.  I 
should  thank  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  would 
point  out  to  me  where  I  can  find  a  detailed  re- 
port of  the  said  trial,  or  even  the  speech  delivered 
by  Mr.  Erskine  on  the  occasion.  S. 

TTie  Hanoverian  Jewels.  — From  a  political 
letter  of  1717  I  extract  the  following :  — 

"  S*  that  King  George  declares  peremptorily  ag*  these 
three  things,  ever  to  let  Prince  Fred  come  over,  to  bring 
over  the  Hanover  Jewels,  or  to  part  with  any  of  his 
numerous  studd  of  horses  in  Hanover." 

Cl.  Hoppbk. 

A  Lover  of  Matrimony. — The  following  extract 
from  the  Public  Advertiser  of  July  17,  1792,  if 
true,  records  the  most  determined  pursuer  of 
wedded  bliss  I  have  ever  heard  of.  Can  you 
spare  a  corner  for  it  ? 

"  On  Thursday  se'nnight  [July  5]  was  married,  at 
Billingborough,  after  a  courtship  of  one  hour  and  fifteen 
minutes,  Mr.  Nicholas  Wilson,  of  Five  Willow  Walk,  in 
the  parish  of  Hetkinson,  to  Mrs.  Pepper,  of  the  parish  of 
Billingborough ;  this  being  his  eighth  wife,  and  he  her 
third  husband.    The  number  of  relations  that  celebrated 


*  The  Rev.  William  Cockin  was  of  Brasenose  College, 
Oxford,  M.A.  1790,  and  was  presented  to  Minchinhamp- 
ton cum  Rodborough  in  1806,  and  to  Cherrington, 
Gloucestershire,  in  1814.    Ob.  Mardi  3,  1841. 


26 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«'<i  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '60. 


this  wedding  amounted  to  83,  who,  together  with  the 
bride  and  bridegroom,  paraded  the  streets  with  colours 
flying." 

Can  it  be  true  ?    It  looks  very  suspicious. 

Tee  Bee. 
Old  Jokes.  — 

"  SxoAaTTiKo?  ixaBuv  on  6  Kopa^  vtrep  to.  Siaxdo-ia  errj  f^, 
dyopa(ras  KopaKa  ets  airoireipaj'  erpei^e." — Hieroclis    FaceticB, 

XX.  p.  402.,  ed.  Lond.  1673. 

Whatever  may  be  the  date  of  the  'Affnia,  it  is 
unquestionably  the  most  ancient  jest  book  extant. 
I  hoped  that  the  old  bird  was  dead,  but  as  Figaro 
is  trying  to  pass  him  off  under  a  new  name,  allow 
me  to  nail  him  against  your  wall.  As  a  raven  he 
was  game,  as  an  owl  he  is  carrion  :  — 

"  Un  paj'san  de  la  basse  Normandie,  aussi  spirituel  que 
ceux  de  la'  haute,  trouva  dans  le  trou  d'un  viel  arbre,  un 
hibou,  qu'il  emporta  chez  lui, 

" '  Es  tu  fou,'  lui  dit  sa  menagere,  '  c'te  vilaine  bete  fera 
peur  a  nos  geuisses.' 

" '  Ma  fine,'  repondit  le  campagnard,  'j'ons  entendu  dire 
h  m'sieu  le  maitre  d'ecole,  qu'un  hibou  vivait  deux  cent 
ans,  et  j'voulons  m'en  assurer  par  moi-meme.'" — Figaro, 
25  Juin,  1859. 

FiTZHOPKINS. 

Garrick  Club. 

Michelet  on  English  TAterature  and  on  Shak- 
speare.  —  Michelet  (Jeanne  d' Arc,  1856,  p.  129.), 
speaking  of"  English  literature,  says  that  it  is 
"  sceptique,  judaique,  satanique."  In  a  note  he 
says,  "  1  do  not  recollect  to  have  seen  the  word 
'  God '  in  Shakspeare.  If  it  is  there  at  all,  it  is 
there  very  rarely,  by  chance,  and  without  a  sha- 
dow of  religious  sentiment."  Mrs.  Cowden  Clarke, 
by  means  of  her  admirable  Concordance  to  Shak- 
speare, enables  us  to  weigh  the  truth  of  this  emi- 
nent French  writer's  remarks. 

The  word  "God"  occurs  in  Shakspeare  upwards 
of  one  thousand  times.  In  the  Holy  Scriptures, 
according  to  Cruden,  it  occurs  about  eight  hun- 
dred times.  It  is  true  that  the  word  often  occurs 
in  Shakspeare  without  a  reverential  sentiment : 
but  M.  Michelet  says  it  never  occurs  with  a 
religious  feeling  {un  sentiment  religieux).  This 
statement  is  almost  as  erroneous  as  that  regarding 
the  absence  of  the  word.  It  would  be  quite  out 
of  place  to  attempt  to  quote  passages  in  point ; 
but  if  an  Englishman  were  challenged,  I  think  he 
might  safely  promise  to  produce  from  Shakspeare 
more  passages  indicative  of  deep  religious  feeling 
than  are  to  be  found  in  any  French  writer  that  I 
have  ever  met  with. 

The  word  "heaven"  occurs  in  Shnkspeare  up- 
wards of  eight  hundred  times.       S.  Blackcombe. 


Ve-rtue's  Draughts.  — In  a  valuable  paper  which 
I  find  in  your  P'  S.  xi.  pp.  380-1.,  there  is  a  re- 
peated reference  to  '-Vertue's  Draughts,  or  Draw- 


ings from  Ancient  Statues,"  as  a  document  well 
known  and  accessible.  But  at  the  British  Mu- 
seum the  ofEcers  neither  have  it,  nor  can  give  any 
information  about  it. 

Such  a  document,  however,  ought  to  be  in  some 
public  institution,  and  probably  is  so,  although  to 
me  unknown.  I  should  feel  greatly  indebted  to 
any  correspondent  who  could  furnish  me  with  any 
clue  to  it.  Sheen. 

Sophocles.  —  Erotian,  in  his  collection  of  words 
used  by  Hippocrates,  cites  a  passage  from  the 
Clytmmnestra  of  Sophocles,  and  Hesychius  the 
lexicographer  is  thought  to  refer  with  approval 
to  the  same  drama.  It  has  been  conjectured, 
however,  that  Erotian's  quotation  belongs  to  the 
part  of  Clyta^mnestra  in  the  extant  Electra  of 
Sophocles,  wherein  it  would  supply  a  deficiency. 
In  the  year  1804,  a  remarkable  announcement 
was  made  that  Professor  Mattha3i,  of  Moscow, 
had  found  in  the  Library  of  Augsburgh  a  large 
fragment  of  this  lost  tragedy,  containing  about 
300  lines,  commencing  with  Tisiphone  alone  speak- 
ing, and  ending  with  the  Chorus.  Matthaei  was 
well  known  in  the  learned  world,  on  account  of 
his  discovering  the  Homeric  Hymn  to  Ceres,  and 
his  many  other  successful  researches  in  Greek 
literature.  But  of  this  alleged  Sophoclean  trea- 
sure trove,  I  have  not  met  with  any  other 
mention  than  what  is  contained  in  the  literary 
intelligence  of  1804.  (See  the  North  British 
Magazine  and  Review  for  September,  1804,  p. 
165.)  In  the  copious  collections  of  the  Fragments 
subjoined  to  the  editions  of  Oxford,  1826,  and 
of  Paris,  1844,  nothing  is  said  of  Matthaei's  dis- 
covery. Perhaps  some  among  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  may  be  able  to  trace  this  matter  in 
the  foreign  literary  journals.  I  have  only  looked 
into  the  Amsterdam  Bibliotheca  Critica,  which 
does  not  even  allude  to  this  alleged  discovery.  Is 
it  a  mistake  ?  or  is  it  a  literary  fraud  ?    Akterus. 

Dublin. 

John  de  Baalun,  one  of  the  barons  in  arms 
against  Henry  IH.  in  the  year  1217.  Wanted, 
information  respecting  him  and  his  descendants. 
His  arms  were,  gules,  3  bars  dancettee  argent. 

Y.  S.  M. 

Cardinal  Virtues.  —  In  what  period  was  ifc  that 
the  cardinal  virtues  were  introduced  to  the 
world  under  that  designation  ?  And  further, 
were  Justice,  Fortitude,  Prudence,  and  Temper- 
ance brought  forward  at  the  same  time  as  Faith, 
Hope,  and  Charity  ? 

Truth,  Mercy,  and  Self-denial  do  not  seem  to 
have  been  held  in  high  estimation  in  those  days. 

H.  E.  B. 

Sir  William  Sutton.  —  Is  anything  known  of 
Sir  William  Sutton  beyond  the  fact  he  was  a  pro- 
genitor of  Robert  Lord  Lexington,  who  died  in 


2»d  S.  Vlll.  July  9.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


27 


1688  ?  The  following  curious  epitaph  to  his  me- 
mory was  copied  a  short  time  ago  from  Averhara 
churchyard,  and  is,  I  think,  deserving  of  a  corner 
in"N.  &Q.:"  — 

"  Sir  William  Sutton  corps  here  toombed  sleepes, 
Whose  happy  soul  in  better  mansions  keepes ; 
Thrice  nine  yeares  lived  he  with  his  ladye  faire  — 
A  loveh',  noble,  and  Ij'ke  vertuous  pa3're. 
Their  generous  offspring  (parents  joy  of  heart). 
Eight  of  each  sex  :  of  each  an  equal  part 
Ushered  to  Heaven  their  father,  the  other 
Eemained  behind  him  to  attend  their  mother." 

Stuffynwood. 

Cartulary  of  Buttele.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
where  the  MS.  thus  described  in  Dugdale  is 
now?  — 

"  Chronicon  sive  Cartularium  Prioratus  de  Buttele, 
quod  incipit  tempore  Augustini  Rivers  prioris,  scil.  anno 
1509,  et  desinit  anno  1536.  MS.  paper  in  folio  contin. 
fol.  72.  penes  v.  cl.  Petrum  Le  Neve,  Norroy." 

In  Sir  Thos.  Phillipps's  List  of  Chartularies  the 
vol.  passed  from  Le  Neve's  hands  to  those  of  Ives. 
Where  it  is  now  he  does  not  say.       A.  T.  Paget. 

Kirkstead  Rectory,  Norwich. 

Graham  :  Newton.  —  Alderman  John  Graham 
of  Drogheda  married  Charity,  sister  to  Alderman 
William  Newton  of  Drogheda  and  Major- Gene- 
ral John  Newton,  and  had,  with  other  issue,  a  son, 
the  Eight  Hon.  William  Graham,  M.P.,  and  a 
daughter,  Sarah,  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Taylor,  Bart., 
ancestor  of  the  Marquess  of  Headfort.  Alder- 
man Graham  died  in  1717.  He  had  a  brother 
Arthur  (father  of  John  Graham)  and  three  sisters, 

Catherine,  wife  of Singleton,  Kachel,  and 

Sarah,  wife  of Johnston.     Who  were  these 

Grahams  and  Newtons  ?  The  General  was  a 
burgess  of  Londonderry,  and  I  think  M.P.  for 
that  city.  Sir  William  Betham,  I  know,  made 
Alderman  Graham  descended  from  a  family  set- 
tled in  the  co.  Down  or  Armagh,  I  forget  which, 
but  as  far  as  I  can  discover  without  a  particle  of 
proof,  as  was  the  case  in  too  many  of  his  pedi- 
grees. Y.  S.  M. 

Countess  of  Stafford,  daughter  of  Philibert 
Count  de  Grammont.  Her  letters  are  mentioned 
in  the  preface  to  Grammont's  Memoirs.  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  where  and  when  these  letters 
were  published.  Q.  R. 

Sir  Walter  Scott.  —  The  only  descendant  of 
this  eminent  individual  now  alive  is  the  youthful 
daughter  of  Mr.  Hope  Scott,  Queen's  Counsel. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  who  is  next 
heir  to  the  Abbotsford  estate,  failing  this  girl?  J 

Witches  worried  at  a  Stake.  —  In  1679,  Anna- 
pie  Thompson  and  others,  being  convicted  of 
witchcraft,  were  condemned  "  to  be  taken  to  the 
west  end  of  Borrowstoness,  the  ordinary  place  of 
execution  there,  upon  Tuesday  the  twentie-third 


day  of  December  current,  betwixt  two  and  four 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  and  ther  to  be  wirried  at 
a  stench  till  they  be  dead,  and  therafter  to  have 
their  bodies  burned  to  ashes." 

Was  this  barbarous  penalty  usual  in  cases  of 
witchcraft,  or  on  other  occasions  ?  Ache. 

"  A  Letter  to  a  Clergyman,  ^c." — Please  tell  me 
the  name  of  the  author  of  a  12mo.  volume,  pp. 
118.,  published  in  London  in  1746,  and  entitled, 
A  Letter  to  a  Clergyman,  relating  to  his  Sermon 
on  the  30th  of  January.  It  is  dedicated  to  the 
Bishop  of  Winchester ;  and,  containing  some  par- 
ticulars of  Irish  affairs,  professes  to  be  "  a  com- 
pleat  Answer  to  all  the  Sermons  that  ever  have 
been,  or  ever  shall  be,  preached,  in  the  like  strain, 
on  that  Anniversary."  Abhba. 

"  Le  Bas  Bleu."  —  Can  any  of  your  Edinburgh 
readers  give  me  any  information  regarding  the 
authorship  of  the  following  play  ?  Le  Bas  Bleu, 
or  the  Fall  of  the  Leaf  a  farce  in  two  acts, 
performed  at  the  Theatre  Royal,  Edinburgh,  for 
the  first  time  30th  March,  1836,  Edinburgh.  50 
copies  printed  for  private  circulation  by  the  Edin- 
burgh Printing  Company.  Sigma. 

Brie  in  Prisoners^  Dock. —  In  Mr.  Dickens's  new 
tale  of  "  The  Two  Cities,"  allusion  is  made  to  the 
custom  of  placing  herbs  in  the  dock  in  front  of  a 
prisoner  arraigned  for  treason.  The  scene  is  laid 
at  Newgate  in  the  year  1775.  Query  :  how  long 
previous  to  that  period  dates  its  origin  ?  and  is  it 
now  used  on  trials  for  any  but  capital  offences  ? 

The  custom  in  early  days  seems  in  a  great 
measure  to  have  been  one  of  precaution,  herbs 
sprinkled  with  vinegar  being  strewn  about  the 
court  as  a  preventative  of  jail  fevers. 

This,  however,  cannot  be  the  motive  for  its 
continuance  in  days  of  sanitary  improvements. 
At  the  trial  of  Manning  and  his  wife  for  murder, 
it  will  be  remembered  that  at  the  conclusion  of  a 
speech  by  one  of  the  counsel,  Mrs.  Manning 
gathered  some  of  "  the  sprigs  of  rue  placed  on 
the  dock,"  and  threw  them  vehemently  over  tlie 
wigged  heads  of  the  "  learned  gentlemen."  * 

Frank  Lamb. 

Sir  John  Gascoigne.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
where  I  can  obtain  any  particulars  about  Sir 
John  Gascoigne,  the  father  of  George  Gascoigne 
according  to  Wood  ?  Is  there  any  known  proof 
of  his  having  any  connexion  with  the  county  of 
Essex  ?  G.  H.  K. 

Heraldic  Query.  —  Can  anyone  assist  me  in 
identifying  the  following  arms?— Parted  per  pale 
baron  and  feme  two  coats :  first,  az.  a  cross  be- 
tween four  eagles  displayed  ar. ;  second,  gu.  on  a 

[*  See  "N.  &  Q."  2nd  g.  ii.  351.  479. ;  iv.  198.  238.— 
Ed.] 


28 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2od  &.  VIII,  July  9.  '59. 


chevron  between  three  trees  erased  or,  three 
martlets,  the  colour  of  which  I  cannot  make  out, 
but  they  are  probably  sa.     Crest,  a  doe  courant. 

I  have  an  idea  that  the  arms  are  those  of  White 
impaled  with  those  of  Antram  or  Antrim,  but  am 
not  at  all  certain.  J.  A.  Pn. 

Sir  Edward  Lovett  Pearce.  —  In  the  year  1733, 
Sir  Edward  Lovett  Pearce,  "a  celebrated  archi- 
tect, and  the  builder  of  the  Irish  parliament-house 
of  his  day,"  departed  this  life,  and  was  buried  in 
the  old  churchyard  of  Donnybrook,  near  Dublin. 
Are  any  particulars  of  his  life  and  professional 
engagements  to  be  found  in  print  ?  He  is  men- 
tioned (as  I  am  aware)  in  Harris's  History  of 
Dublin,  p.  410.,  Whitelaw  and  Walsh's  History  of 
Dublin,  vol.  i.  p.  529.,  and  D' Alton's  History  of 
tlie  County  of  Dublin,  p.  805. ;  and  his  interment 
is  duly  recorded  in  the  register  of  burials  in  the 
parish  of  Donnybrook.  Abhba. 

"Musomania,  or  Poets'  Purgatory,"  12mo.  1817. 
—  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  tell  me  the 
name  of  the  author  of  the  above  work  ?  Pub- 
lished with  the  pseud.  Jeremiah  Jingle.  I  have 
got  the  MS.  of  it  in  my  possession.  I  am  also 
desirous  of  ascertaining  the  author  of  Sketches  of 
Irish  Political  Characters  (London,  1799).  At  p. 
193.  the  author  refers  to  himself  as  a  graduate 
of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

W.  J.  Frrz-PATRicK. 

Bryan  Robinson,  M.D.  —  Where  may  I  ascer- 
tain particulars  of  Bryan  Robinson,  M.D.,  the 
author  of  a  posthumous  publication,  entitled  An 
Essay  on  Coin  ?  (Svo.  pp.  104.,  Dublin,  1757). 

Abhba. 

Quotation.— 'Who  is  the  author  of  the  following 
lines  ?  — 

"Why  every  nation,  every  clime,  though  all 
In  laws,  in  rite,  in  manners  disagree, 
With  one  consent  expect  another  world 
Where  wickedness  shall  weep.!*  why  Punjuin  bards, 
Fabled  Elysian  plains  —  Tartarian  lakes, 
Styx  and  Cocytno  —  tell  why  Hali's  sons 
Have  feign'd  a  paradise  of  mirth  and  love, 
Banquets  and  blooming  nj'mphs  ?  or  rather  tell 
Why  on  the  banks  of  Orellana's  stream, 
Where  never  science  reared  her  sacred  torch, 
The  untutor'd  Indian  dreams  of  happier  worlds 
Beyond  the  cloud-topt  hill  ?  " 

Dexter. 
^  Herbert  Knowles.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  any  information  about  Herbert  Knowles, 
who  wrote  some  beaxitiAil  "  lines  in  Richmond 
Churchyard,  Yorkshire,"  on  the  words,  "  It  is  good 
to  be  here,"  and  beginning  thus :  — 

"  Methinks,  it  is  good  to  be  here, 
If  thou  wilt  let  us  build  —  but  for  whom .»  " 

Also,  are  there  any  other  poems  by  the  same 
author,  and  if  so,  where  are  they  to  be  found  ? 

H.  E.  Wilkinson. 


Sir  Henry  Calverley.  —  Can  you  give  me  any 
information  about  Sir  Henry  Calverley,  or  Cal- 
verly,  Knt.,  M.P.  for  Northallerton  from  1678  to 
1685,  or  tell  me  where  I  am  likely  to  find  it  ? 

C.  J.  D.  Ikgledew. 

Davenanfs  Place  of  Confinement.  —  Was  Dave- 
nant's  place  of  confinement  Cowes  Castle,  or 
Carisbrooke  Castle  ?  When  Davenant  was  on 
his  way  to  Virginia  his  vessel  was  captured  by 
a  Parliamentary  man-of-war,  and  he  was  lodged 
in  prison.  Aubrey  says  at  Carisbrooke,  others 
say  Cowes  ;  which  is  the  truth  ?  Was  Gondibert 
written  in  either  place  ?  V. 

Early  Law  Lists.  — Will  any  kind  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  tell  me  where  I  can  procure  or  get  a 
sight  of  a  list  of  the  gentlemen  practising  in  the 
Law  Courts  from  1695  to  1705,  or  any  year  during 
that  period  ?  J.  F.  C. 

Ancient  Localities  near  London.  —  I  am  at  a  loss 
as  to  the  identification  of  the  following  places 
mentioned  as  being  in  the  close  vicinity  of  Lon- 
don, temp.  Henry  III. :  Sandford,  apparently  to-- 
wards  the  north  of  London  ;  Bolkette,  apparently 
on  the  south ;  Anedethe,  "near  Westminster;"  and 
the  ^^New  Wear,"  situate  somewhere  probably  be- 
tween the  Tower  and  the  Pool  (la  Pole).  I  shall 
esteem  it  a  favour  if  any  of  your  correspondents 
will  assist  me  by  way  of  information  or  suggestion. 

I  am  inclined  to  identify  Sandford  with  the 
present  Stamford  (Hill),  as  being  more  to  the 
north  than  Stratford,  which  is  evidently  men- 
tioned in  the  passage  in  question  as  being  the 
eastern  boundary.  The  western  boundary  is 
Gnichtebrigffe,  the  earliest  mention  of  Knights- 
bridge  that  I  remember  to  have  seen. 

Henry  Thomas  Rilet. 


Minor  ^utviti  tottS  ^niStDcrtf, 

College  of  Christ  at  Brecon. — Any  information 
respecting  this  collegiate  church,  and  particularly 
where  the  muniments  belonging  to  it  are  deposited, 
will  be  esteemed  a  favour.  A.  M. 

[Our  correspondent  will  find  the  information  he  desires 
in  Theophilus  Jones's  History  of  the  Counti/  of  Brecnock 
(4to.  Brec.  1809),  vol.  ii.  pt.  ii.  pp.  726—760.  inclusive. 
In  the  Appendices  (Nos.  IX.  &  X.)  are  contained  the 
charter  of  Henry  VIII.  for  transferring  the  College  of 
Abergwili  to  the  house  or  priory  of  the  Dominicans  at 
Brecon  ;  and  an  exemplification  of  a  decree  in  the  Court 
of  Exchequer  (temp.  William  and  Mary)  establishing  the 
right  of  the  prebendaries  of  this  collegiate  chapter  to 
their  possessions.  The  muniments  belonging  to  the  col- 
lege are  deposited,  no  doubt,  at  Abergwili,  the  episcopal 
residence  of  St.  David's,  whose  bishop  is  also  Dean  and 
Treasurer  of  Brecon.  The  college,  as  well  as  the  beau- 
tiful chapel,  has  almost  entirely  disappeared.  About 
three  years  ago.  Lord  Llanover  (then  Sir  B.  Hall)  called 
th&  attention  of  parliament  to  the  condition  of  both,  which 
led  to  an  angry  correspondence  between  the  Bishop  of  St. 


2*^  S.  VIIL  July  9.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


29 


David's  and  himself;  but  whether  any  immediate  prac- 
tical good  resulted  to  the  college,  or  is  likely  to  do  so,  we 
are  unable  to  say.] 

Bibliographical  Queries.  —  Who  'were  the  re- 
spective authors  of  the  following  anonymous  pub- 
lications ?  — 

I    1.  An  Impartial  Consideration  of  the  Speeches  of  the 
five  Jesuits  lately  executed.    4to.    London.     1679. 
[By  Dr.  John  Williams,  Bishop  of  Chichester.  ] 

2.  Histoire  de  I'lnquisition  et  son  Origine.  12mo. 
Cologne.    1693. 

[Par  rAbb(J  MarsoUier.] 

3.  The  Rights  of  the  Christian  Church  Asserted,  &c. 
8vo.    London.     1706. 

TBy  Dr.  Matthew  Tindal.  See  «K  &  Q.,"  1"  S.  vi. 
11.] 

4.  Popery  against  Christianity ;  or,  an  Historical  Ac- 
count of  the  Present  State  of  Rome,  &c.  8vo.  London. 
1719. 

[By  Parenthenopeus  Hereticus,  i.  e.  William  Gordon.] 

5.  The  Cries  of  Royal  Blood.     12mo.    London.     1722. 

6.  A  Critical  Review  of  the  Political  Life  of  Oliver 
Cromwell.   12mo.    Dublin.     1739. 

[By  John  Bankes  (  ?).    See  "  N.  &  Q.,"  !■'  S.  iv.  180  J 

Abhba. 

II  Sepolchro  del  Santo  Sangue.  —  At  some  town 
in  the  northern  part  of  Italy  there  is  a  church 
which  contains  a  shrine  in  the  centre  of  the  build- 
ing, intituled  "  II  Sepolchro  del  Santo  Sangue," 
the  legend  being  that  the  Roman  soldier  who 
pierced  the  Saviour's  side,  caught  the  blood  as  it 
flowed,  preserved  it,  and  brought  it  to  his  native 
town,  where  he,  having  become  a  believer,  con- 
secrated it,  and  deposited  it,  and  that  this  church 
was  erected  on  the  spot. 

The  memory  of  the  inquirer  as  to  the  locality 
fails  him.  C. 

[The  shrine  is  in  the  Basilica  di  Santa  Andrea  at 
Mantua.  "  In  a  crypt  beneath  the  high  altar  is  a  shrine 
to  contain  the  blood  of  our  Lord  collected  by  the  centu- 
rion." (Murraj''s  Hand- Book  of  Northern  Italy,  6th  edit, 
p.  226.)  According  to  Zedler  (vol.  xxxiii.  col.  2028.), 
"  Sanguis  Jesu  Christi  is  the  name  of  a  Mantuan  order  of 
knighthood,  instituted  in  1608  by  Vincent  IV.,  Duke  of 
Mantua,  in  honour  of  Our  Saviour's  blood,  of  which  it  is 
maintained  that  they  have  at  Mantua  a  few  drops." 
(Then  follows  a  description  of  the  collar  of  the  order.) 
"  At  its  extremity  is  suspended  an  oval,  whereon  are  two 
angels  holding  a  coronated  chalice,  with  three  drops  of 
blood  and  this  postil :  Nihil  isto  triste  recepto."^ 

Pregnant  Women  pardoned.  —  In  the  case  of 
Johan  Norkett,  who  was  murdered  in  the  fourth 
year  of  King  Charles  I.  by  her  husband,  aunt, 
and  grandmother,  "  Judgement  was  given,  and 
the  grandmother  and  the  husband  executed,  but 
the  aunt  had  the  privilege  to  be  spared  execution, 
being  with  child."  (Quoted  from  some  notes  on 
the  case  by  Sir  John  Maynard  in  Collet's  Relics 
of  Literature,  1823,  p.  163.) 

Was  such  exemption  usual  in  similar  cases  ? 


Here,  in  Norfolk,  there  is  a  popular  belief  (qu.  a 
vulgar  error  ?),  that  if  a  woman  in  this  condition 
be  guilty  of  theft,  and  her  state  at  the  time  be 
known  to  the  judge,  he  "  can't  punish  her  nohow." 
The  ground  of  this  exemption  is  referred  to  the 
"  woman's  longing  "  at  such  periods,  which  is  sup- 
posed to  render  her  absolutely  incapable  of  ab- 
staining from  any  means  of  gratifying  her  desires, 
however  unlawful  in  other  circumstances.  I  have 
been  told  of  more  than  one  case  of  acquittal  on 
these  grounds,  said  to  have  occurred  in  this 
county  ;  but  I  have  had  no  opportunity  of  veri- 
fying, or  disproving  them.  Ache. 

[It  is  a  "  vulgar  error,"  that  women,  upon  a  capital  con- 
viction, and  being  in  a  state  of  pregnancy,  are  on  that 
account  not  amenable  to  the  utmost  demands  of  the  law. 
Under  such  circumstances,  the  Court  is,  and  ever  has 
been,  bound  to  grant  a  reprieve,  until  such  time  as  she 
is  delivered  of  a  child,  or  it  is  no  longer  possible  in  the 
course  of  nature  that  she  should  be  so  delivered.  The 
fact  of  pregnancy  is  generally  determined  by  a  jury  of 
matrons,  impanelled  for  that  purpose.  The  reprieve,  in 
these  cases,  is  usually  followed  by  a  commutation  of  the 
original  sentence;  hence,  no  doubt,  the  popular  notion 
alluded  to  by  our  correspondent.] 

Spoils  '■'■History  of  Carderburyr  —  Somner,  in 
his  preface  to  his  Antiquities  of  Canterbury,  al- 
ludes to  a  work  entitled  "  Spot's  History  of  Can- 
terbury, mentioned  byBalaeus,"  as  a  book  "which, 
if  he  had  but  gotten,  he  should  perchance  have 
brought  the  work  to  more  perfection."  Can  any 
of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  any  information 
in  respect  of  Spot's  History  ?  It  must  have  been 
extremely  scarce,  even  if  extant  in  Somner's  time, 
A.D.  1640,  or  he  would  doubtless  have  succeeded 
in  obtaining  it.  John  Bkest. 

[This  work  was  published  by  Heame  in  1719,  entitled 
Thorns  Sprotti  Chronica,  from  a  MS.  in  the  library  of 
Sir  Edward  Dering,  of  Surrenden.  Thomas  Sprot,  or 
Spott,  was  a  monk  of  St.  Augustine's  at_Canterbury,  and 
flourished  a.d.  1274.] 


^ei^liti. 


USSHER's  BHITANNICARUM  ECCLESIAE0M   ATiTTIQUI- 

TATES. 

(2'"i  S.  vii.  121.  523.) 
Agreeing  with  Lancastrtensis  as  to  the  "  na- 
tional" character  of  Ussher's  great  work,  written 
in  compliance  with  a  royal  command,  I  also  admit 
that  it  is  desirable  to  trace  out  the  source  of  the 
text  given  in  Dr.  Elrington's  edition.  But  I 
cannot  agree  with  him  that  there  is  reason^  to 
doubt  what  I  had  asserted,  of  that  edition  being 
"  at  most  but  a  reprint,"  although  it  might  not  be 
difficult  to  prove  that  it  is  even  somewhat  less. 
It  was  undertaken,  as  the  reverend  and  learned 
editor  informs  us,  at  the  request  of  the  Provost 
and  Senior  Fellows  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
who  defrayed  all  the  expenses  of  printing  and 
publication.     The  Horatian  precept,  "  nonumque 


30 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<«  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '59. 


prematur  in  annum,"  may  have  been  in  this  in- 
stance more  than  observed.  For,  so  far  back  as  the 
year  18*29,  the  work  was  advertised  by  MiUiken, 
the  University  bookseller,  as  being  then  "  in  the 
press"  (Mill'iken's  Catalogue,  p.  273.,  Dublin, 
1829).  Late  in  tlie  year  1847,  or  early  in  1848, 
appeared  the  first  volume,  entitled  :  — 

"  The  Whole  Works  of  the  Most  Reverend  James 
Ussher,  D.D.,  Lord  Archbishop  of  Armagh  ....  with  a 
Life  of  the  Author,  and  an  Account  of  his  Writings.  By 
Charles  Richanl  Elrington,  D.D.,  Regius  Professor  of 
Divinity  in  the  University  of  Dublin.  In  Sixteen 
Volumes.    Vol.  I.    Dublin  ....  mdcccxlvii.    8vo." 

The  title  is  immediately  followed  by  an  "  Ad- 
vertisement," dated  "  Trinity  College,  Dublin, 
Nov.  1,  1847  ;"  in  which  "The  Editor  deeply  re- 
grets that  he  has  been  compelled  to  delay  for  so 
long  a  period  the  publication  of  the  Works  of 
Archbishop  Ussher."  Much  professorial  and  other 
public  business,  long  and  successive  attacks  of 
illness,  and  consequent  necessity  for  going  abroad, 
are  adduced  not  unreasonably  to  account  for  the 
delay,  though  they  might  have  equally  prompted 
a  resignation  of  the  work  to  another  editor.  The 
most  important  part  of  this  "Advertisement"  is 
the  following :  — 

"  In  editing  the  works  of  Archbishop  Ussher,  the  great 
difficulty  arose  from  the  unusual  number  of  quotations  to 
be  found  in  them.  The  Editor  has  endeavoured  to  verify 
all  these  quotations,  and  he  has  changed  the  references  to 
the  more  modern  and  more  generally  used  editions.  The 
numerous  quotations  from  the  Fathers  he  has  referred  to 
the  Benedictine  editions,  whenever  they  existed,  unless, 
as  it  sometimes  happened,  the  Archbishop  quoted  a  pas- 
sage from  spurious  writings,  which  they  [t.  e.  the  Bene- 
dictine editors]  rejected  altogether.  In  other  cases  he 
has  named  the  edition  in  the  place  where  the  quotations 
from  an  author  first  occurred." 

I  regret  that,  so  far  as  I  have  examined  those 
references,  I  have  found  little  to  commend.  They 
are  by  no  means  remarkable  for  minute  accuracy, 
and  they  give  but  trifling  assistance  towards  trac- 
ing the  tlsserian  citations.  They  should  have 
been  carefully  distinguished  by  being  placed  within 
brackets,  from  those  originally  given  by  Ussher, 
and  the  editions  should  have  been  carefully  indi- 
cated. Not  infrequently  are  the  citations  better 
marked  in  the  old  editions  of  the  Brit.  Eccles. 
Antiquitates  than  in  the  new.  Thus  in  Ussher's  De- 
dication to  King  Charles  there  occurs  an  adapted 
quotation  from  St.  Matthew  (Matt.  xiii.  47,  48.) 
In  the  new  edition  it  is  marked  as  an  exact  cita- 
tion, and  the  additional  information  given  in  the 
improved  reference  consists  of  two  syllables,  which 
any  reader  could  have  supplied  (Matt.  xiii.  47, 
48.),  and  which  would  have  been  wholly  unneces- 
sary if  only  the  Roman  numerals  had  been  used 
to  express  the  chapter.  Again,  in  his  Preface, 
Ussher  had  cited  two  lines  from  the  fifth  Act  of 
the  Helena  of  Euripides.  The  late  editor  strikes 
out  the  reference  to  the  Act,  and  substitutes  one 
to  the  number  of  the  lines,  which  does  not  agree 


with  the  editions  extant  in  Ussher's  time,  and  is 
not  described  as  belonging  to  any  of  more  recent 
date.  Even  a  cursory  review  of  this  edition  of 
Ussher  would  occupy  more  space  than  could  be 
afforded  to  such  a  subject  in  "  N.  &  Q."  I  there- 
fore abstain  from  here  attempting  it,  only  observ- 
ing that  the  edition  itself  still  remains  incomplete. 

The  first  volume  alone  has  a  title  page,  and 
the  fourteenth  volume  has  not  yet  appeared, 
although  this  printed  slip,  without  date  or  signa- 
ture prefixed  to  the  fifteenth  volume,  would  lead 
one  to  expect  it :  "  The  publication  of  the  four- 
teenth volume  is  unavoidably  postponed."  But 
did  that  deserve  the  magnificent  title  of  The 
Whole  Works,  from  which  is  excluded  not  only 
The  Body  of  Divinity,  which  Ussher  did  not  de- 
sire to  have  published,  at  least  with  his  name ; 
but  also  the  Bibliotheca  Theologica,  "  which  had 
(says  Dr.  Elrington)  from  an  early  period  of  his 
life  formed  the  great  object  of  the  Archbishop's 
attention,"  yet  is  permitted  by  his  editor  still  to 
remain  an  unpublished  manuscript  ?  At  the  be- 
ginning of  the  thirteenth  volume,  "the  Editor 
feels  considerable  reluctance  in  publishing  this 
volume  of  Sermons,  as  if  it  contained  the  genuine 
writings  of  Archbishop  Ussher." 

In  the  fourth  volume  (pp.  235—381.)  is  "A 
Discourse  of  the  Religion  anciently  professed  by 
the  Irish  and  British.  First  printed  in  1631." 
Yet  notwithstanding  this  averment  of  a  first  pub- 
lication in  1631,  Dr.  Elrington  had  already  stated 
(vol.  i.  p.  131.)  that  it  "had  appeared  before,  in 
nearly  the  same  form,  appended  to  a  Treatise  of 
Sir  Christopher  Sibthorpe,"  to  whom  "  the  new 
edition  is  dedicated"  by  Ussher  himself.  The 
first  edition  of  that  work  was  at  Dublin,  1622, 
the  second,  of  London,  1631. 

The  fifth  and  sixth  volumes  contain  the  Brit. 
Eccles.  Antiquitates,  of  which  they  form  the  third 
and  as  yet  the  most  convenient  edition.  Probably 
the  merit,  like  that  of  Combe's  Horace,  consists 
much,  if  not  altogether,  in  the  paper  and  print. 
To  each  volume  is  prefixed  an  incomplete  copy  of 
the  title  of  the  first  edition ;  from  which,  and  from 
the  date  at  the  end  of  Ussher's  Preface  (vol.  v. 
p.  9),  Lancastriensis,  if  I  have  not  mistaken  his 
argument,  intimates  that  I  was  wrong  in  sup- 
posing Dr.  Elrington's  edition  to  have  been  re- 
printed from  that  of  1687,  which,  however,  I  had 
neither  stated  nor  supposed.  When  I  said  that  it 
was  at  most  but  a  reprint,  I  did  not  intend  to  assert 
that  it  was  even  so  much ;  nor  am  I  now  able  to 
determine  which  of  the  preceding  editions  was 
followed,  or  on  what  grounds  a  preference  was 
made.  The  date  at  end  of  Ussher's  preface 
throws  no  light  on  this  difficulty,  for  it  would 
be  preserved  by  every  editor.  But  the  title  with 
the  date  1639  may  fairly  be  presumed  to  indicate 
a  preference  for  that  edition.  Now,  on  compari- 
son, I  cannot  find  that  Dr.  Elrington  has  exactly 


2'»dS.  VIII.  July  9. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


31 


reprinted  that  original  edition  ;  and  besides  other 
deviations  from  it,  I  can  show  where  he  some- 
times agrees  with  the  second  edition,  in  a  typo- 
graphical or  literal  error,  from  which  the  first 
edition  was  free.  Thus  vol.  vi.  p.  348.,  line  3., 
"  ex  vita  S.  Albani"  which  exactly  agrees  with 
the  text  of  the  London  edition  of  1687,  p.  414., 
but  is  certainly  wrong,  while  in  the  edition  of 
1639,  it  is  "  ex  vita  S.  Albani"  which  is  right, 
the  passage  cited  being  from  the  Life  of  St.  Ab- 
ban,  an  Irish  abbot,  who  lived  some  centuries 
later  than  the  English  proto-martyr  St.  Alban. 
The  Life  itself,  here  used  by  Ussher,  was  after- 
wards published  by  the  learned  and  zealous 
Franciscan  Father  John  Colgan  (^AA.  SS.  Hi- 
bern.  Lovan.  1645,  ad  diem  xvi  Martii),  with 
whose  publications  an  editor  of  Ussher  should 
not  be  unacquainted.  In  the  old  MS.  version  of 
Ussher,  which  I  have  already  described  (2°^  S. 
vii.  121.),  this  passage  is  thus  rendered  :  —  "To 
which  wee  may  adde  this  out  of  the  Life  of  S. 
Abban,  The  holy  Bishop  Ibar  inhabited  more  in 
his  famous  monastery  called  Beck-erin  than  in 
any  other  place."  From  this  and  other  circum- 
stances, I  am  convinced  that  this  inedited  version 
was  made  from  the  edition  of  1639,  and  probably 
about  the  time  that  Stillingfleet's  Origines  Bri-' 
tannicce  appeared  (Lond.  1685),  which  being  in 
English  may  have  suggested  the  idea  of  trans- 
lating Ussher's  work  on  the  same  subject. 

Vol.  vi.  p.  478.,  lines  10.  and  11.,  Laeogarii,  as 
in  the  London  edition,  p.  473.,  while  in  the  Dub- 
lin edition,  p.  913 ,  it  is  in  each  place  Laogarii. 

Vol.  vi.  p.  272.  note"  N''D1ptJ>X,  which  differs 
from  the  reading  of  both  the  preceding  editions. 
The  first  (p.  727.)  has  what  is  manifestly  wrong, 
N''21p5i'X  ;  the  second  (p.  380.),  what  is  more  pro- 
bably right,  N^D1|X'K.  But  Dr.  Elrington's  read- 
ing agrees  witb  what  Gagnier,  in  his  Latin  version 
(Oxon.  1706,  p.  293.),  cites  from  the  Hebrew 
text  of  Josippon,  but  disagrees  with  what  he  has 
in  another  place  (p.  371.)  which  tends  to  confirm 
the  London  edition  of  1687,  which  is  described 
as  being  "Autoris  manu  passim  aucta  etnusquam 
non  emendata,"  a  statement  confirmed  by  the 
learned  Dr.  Thomas  Smith  in  his  Life  of  Usshe?'. 

Dr.  Elrington  has  not  given  any  index  to  this 
work,  although  at  least  one  of  Subjects,  and  an- 
other of  Authors  quoted,  may  be  regarded  as 
indispensable.  Neither  has  he  supplied  any  in- 
formation as  to  authors  cited  by  Ussher  from 
MSS.  which  since  his  time  have  been  published. 
Thus  (vol.  vi.  p.  275.),  where  Ussher  cites  the  Irish 
geographer  Dicuil,  who  is  said  to  have  flourished 
under  the  younger  Theodosius,  in  the  fifth  cen- 
tury, a  note  might  have  informed  the  reader  that 
nearly  two  centuries  after  Ussher's  so  writing,  the 
text  of  that  old  author  had  been  published,  and 
subsequently  made  the  subject  of  a  diffuse  com- 
mentary.    But  for  this,  and  all  other  pertinent 


and  requisite  illustration,  the  student  will  search 
in  vain  through  Dr.  Elrington's  edition. 

In  the  editions  of  1639  and  1687,  the  Preface  is 
immediately  followed  by  a  copious  Table  of  Con- 
tents, entitled  Conspectus  Capitum  totius  Operis; 
but  in  Dr.  Elrington's  this,  divided  into  two  por- 
tions, is  placed  just  after  the  1639  title,  and  is 
headed  Contents  of  the  Fifth  Volume.,  and  Con- 
tents of  the  Sixth  Volume,  which  is  clearly  awk- 
ward and  inappropriate.  It  would  have  been 
sufficient  to  have  stated  that  the  fifth  volume 
contained  the  first  thirteen  chapters  of  the  Bri- 
tannicarum  Ecclesiarum  Antiquitates,  and  that  the 
sixth  contained  the  remainder  of  that  work.  The 
distinct  enumeration  of  the  contents  In  the  Con- 
spectus Capitum  was  an  Integral  part  of  the  ori- 
ginal work,  and  should  not  have  been  so  placed 
and  headed  that  it  might  be  readily  mistaken  for 
the  editor's. 

If  It  be  objected  that  these  are  merely  trivial 
matters,  I  reply  that  It  is  only  by  such  careful 
examination  that  the  accuracy  of  a  reprint  can 
be  estimated.  The  ostentatious  parade  of  the 
1639  title  at  the  beginning  of  Dr.  Elrington's  two 
volumes  leads  the  reader  to  expect  an  exact  re- 
print of  that  edition,  which,  if  he  proceeds  to  col- 
late, he  finds  he  has  not  received.  The  latest 
edition  Is  thus  shown  to  fall  short  even  of  the 
merit  of  a  faithful  reprint,  which  Is  the  utmost 
that  I  thought  It  could  have  attained.     Arterds. 

Dublin. 


KNIGHTS  CREATED   BY    OLIVER    CROMWELL. 

(2°^  S.  vii.  476.  518.) 

Dr.  Doran,  quoting  the  substance  of  a  passage 
In  his  own  book,  Knights  and  their  Days,  says  that 
the  Protector  created  one  peer,  Viscount  Howard 
of  Morpeth,  and  ten  baronets  and  knights,  but 
that  he  cannot  lay  his  hand  on  a  reference  to  the 
authority  which  he  found  at  the  British  Museum. 
In  a  small  8vo.  vol.  in  my  possession,  entitled  The 
Perfect  Politician,  or  a  Full  View  of  the  Life  and 
Actions  {Military  and  Civil)  of  O.  Cromwel,  the 
2nd  edit.,  Lond.  1680  (the  1st  edit,  was  In  12mo., 
1660),  there  is  a  catalogue  given  of  all  the  honours 
conferred  by  him  during  the  time  of  his  govern- 
ment, comprising  — 

"  His  Privy  Councill. 

"  The  Members  of  the  other  House,  alias  House  of 
Lords  (sixty-two  in  number,  nine  only  being  peers,  viz. 
the  Earls  of  Warwick,  Mulgrave,  and  "Manchester;  Vis- 
counts Say  and  Seal,  Lisle,  and  Howard ;  and  the  Lords 
Wharton,  Faulconbridge,  and  Evers). 

"  Commissioners  of  the  Great  Seal  and  their  officers. 

"  Judges  of  both  Benches. 

"  His  Barons  of  the  Exchequer. 

"  Sergeants  at  Law,  called  bj'  him  to  the  Bar. 

"Viscounts.  Charles  Howard  of  Glisland  in  Cumber- 
land, created  Baron  Glisland ;  and  Lord  Viscount  Howard 
of  Morpeth,  the  20th  of  July,  1657. 


32 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  JuM  9.  '59. 


"  Baronets. 

"  Knights,  when  and  where  made." 

The  baronets  are  nine  in  number :  — 

"John  Read,  created  in  1656. 
John  Cleypole, 
Thomas  Chamberlayn 
Thomas  Beaumont 
John  Twistleton, 
Henry  Ingoldsby, 
Henry  Wright, 
Edmund  Duneh, 
Griffith  Williams, 


] 

Vin  1658. 


in  1657  and  1655. 


The  knights  are  twenty 
6,7,8:- 
"Sir  Thomas  Viner. 

John  Copleston. 

John  Reynolds. 

Christopher  Pack. 

Thomas  Pride. 

John  Barkstead. 

Richard  Combe. 

John  Dethiclc. 

Greorge  Fleetwood. 

William  Lockhart. 

James  Calthrop. 

Robert  Tichborn. 

Lislebone  Long. 

James  Whitlock. 

Thomas  Dickeson. 


-nine,  created  1653,  5, 

'  Sir  Richard  Stainer. 
John  Cleypole,  Bart. 
William  Wheeler. 
Edward  Ward. 
Thomas  Andrews. 
Thomas  Foot. 
Thomas  Atkin. 
John  Huson. 
James  Drax. 
Henry  Pickering. 
Philip  Twisleton. 
John  Lenthal. 
John  Ireton. 
Henry  Jones." 


"  Sic  transit  gloria  mundi,"  well  concludes  the 
catalogue. 

Sir  Peter  Coyett,  mentioned  by  Ith0eiel,  is  not 
in  this  printed  list.  L.  H. 

[^Belater-Adime  will  perceive  that  the  name  of  Sir 
Oliver  Fleraming  is  not  included  in  the  above  list  of 
Crom well's  knights. — Ed,] 


THE    OBIGIN   OF   THE    CUBVED    FOBM    OF     THE   OLD 
DIVISIONS    OF   IiAKD. 

■    (2"'»  S.  vii.  373.) 

It  seems  to  me  not  improbable  that  some  light 
may  be  thrown  on  this  question  by  the  following 
extract  from  the  treatise  De  Househondria  (folio, 
159  &.),  belonging  to  the  time  of  Edward  II.,  and 
contained  in  the  Liber  Horn,  which  forms  part 
of  the  archives  at  Guildhall. 

From  this  it  would  appear,  that  it  was  the  cus- 
tom in  those  times  to  plough  round  and  round  the 
long  strips  of  land  that  constituted  their  parcels 
or  acres,  gradually  approaching  the  centre,  and 
not  up  and  down,  as  at  present.  That  there 
would  be  a  tendency  to  cut  off  corners  is  obvious, 
and  in  lapse  of  time,  by  dint  of  gradual  curtail- 
ment, the  parcel  of  land  would  be  not  unlikely,  on 
one  side  at  least,  to  lose  its  angular  form,  and 
assume  a  curvilinear  one.  I  make  the  suggestion, 
however,^  with  diffidence,  and  hardly  anticipate 
that  it  will  give  any  new  information  to  your  cor- 
respondent G.  A.  C. 

"  Cumbien  des  Acres  une  oharne  poet  sustenir  par  an.  — 
"  Ascune  gents  dient  qe  une  charue  ne  poet  mye  sus- 


tenir par  an  clxxxx  acre?,  ne  clxxx  acres ;  e  jeo  vous 
monstray,  par  deus  resouns,  qe  cy  poet.  Bien  savetz 
vous,  ke  une  acre  de  cotoure  deit  estre  de  xl  perches  de 
lunge,  e  iiii  perches  de  lee ;  e  la  perche  le  Roy  deit  estre 
de  xvi  pees  e  demy,  e  done  ert  lacre  delxvi  pees  deleesse. 
Ore,  en  arraunt,  aletz  xxxiii  feetz  entour,  e  princes  le 
reon  de  un  pee  de  lee,  adonc  yert  lacre  arree ;  mes  aletz 
xxxvi  feetz  entour,  pur  fere  le  reon  plus  estreit.  E  quant 
lacre  j-ert  arree,  a  done  estes  alee  Ixxii  cotoures,  ke  sunt 
vi  liwes ;  cestassavoir,  ke  xii  cotoures  font  une  liwe.  E 
mout  serroit  povere  le  cheval  ou  le  boef  ke  ne  poet  aler 
du  matyn  belement  le  pas  treis  liwes  de  voye  de  sun 
rescet,  e  retourner  a  noune." 

The  reon  here  mentioned  seems  to  include  in  its 
breadth  the  furrow  and  its  accompanying  ridge. 
The  liwe  is  evidently  the  ancient  leuca  of  480 
perches  or  2640  yards ;  the  cotoure  or  culture 
being  220  yards  in  length.  Though  probably  not 
required  by  the  great  majority  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q ,"  the  following  translation,  it  is  be- 
lieved, will  convey  the  meaning  of  the  passage;— 

"  Some  persons  say  that  one  plough  cannot  serve  190 
acres  each  year,  nor  yet  180;  and  I  will  show  you,  by 
two  modes  of  proof,  that  it  can.  Be  it  well  known  to 
3'ou,  that  one  acre  of  plough-land  ought  to  be  40  perches 
long,  and  four  perches  in  breadth ;  the  King's  perch  too 
should  be  16  feet  and  a  half  [long],  and  then  the  acre 
will  be  66  feet  in  breadth.  Then,  in  ploughing,  go  33 
times  round,  and,  taking  the  reon  at  one  foot  in  breadth, 
the  acre  will  be  ploughed ;  but  go  [in  this  case]  36  times 
round,  so  as  to  make  the  reon  still  more  narrow.  And 
when  the  acre  is  ploughed,  you  will  have  gone  72  cul- 
tures, or  six  leuca ;  for  be  it  known,  that  12  cuUurce  make 
one  luctB.  And  very  poor  must  the  horse  or  ox  be,  that 
cannot  easily  go  in  the  morning  three  leucw  from  its 
home  without  stopping,  and  at  noon-tide  be  on  its  re- 
turn." 

In  farther  elucidation  of  this  subject,  it  may  be 
worth  enquiry  whether  the  word  reon  is  not  akin 
to  the  old  French  adjective  reond  (from  the  Latin 
rotundus)  owing  to  its  curvilinear  form.  Possibly, 
however,  the  "word  raditcsmaj  have  been  its  root. 
Heitrt  Thomas  Bilet. 


CLAPPING   PBATEB-BOOKS    ON   GOOD   FBIDAT. 

(2"'i  S.  vii.  515. ;  viii.  19.) 

This  custom  must  be  a  remnant  of  the  Catholic 
ceremony  in  Holy  Week.  It  is  not  necessary  to 
go  to  Rome,  or  out  of  our  own  island,  to  witness 
it.  In  every  Catholic  church  where  the  ceremo- 
nies of  Holy  Week  can  be  properly  carried  out, 
this  will  be  found  duly  observed  at  the  end  of 
Tenehrce,  not  only  on  Good  Friday,  but  on  Wed- 
nesday and  Maunday  Thursday  evenings  also. 
The  triangular  candlestick  then  used  holds,  not 
thirteen  candles  only,  but  fifteen,  which  corre- 
spond with  the  number  of  psalms  in  the  office  of 
Matins  and  Lauds  then  recited.  At  the  end  of 
each  psalm  one  candle  is  extinguished,  and  at  the 
end  the  one  at  the  top  of  the  triangle  is  taken  out 
still  lighted,  and  concealed  behind  the  altar,  while 
the  canticle  Benedictus  is  said,  followed  by  the 


2»<i  a  Vm.  July  9.  '69.] 


NOTES  ABTD  QUERIES. 


33 


f)salm  Miserere,  and  the  prayer  Respice  in  a  very 
ow  tone.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  prayer,  the 
officiatincr  priest  and  the  clergy  in  the  choir  alone 
make  a  slight  noise  by  clapping  on  their  books  or 
desks.  This  is  the  signal  for  the  light  to  be 
brought  forth  from  behind  the  altar,  and  replaced 
on  the  top  of  the  triangular  candlestick.  Originally 
this  clapping  was  done  by  the  superior  priest 
only,  as  a  signal  for  all  to  depart :  but  when  the 
attendance  in  the  churches  was  more  numerous, 
the  clergy  in  the  choir  joined,  that  the  signal 
.might  be  better  heard.  The  rubrical  direction 
runs  thus  :  "  Finita  oratione,  fit  fragor  et  strepitus 
aliquantulum."  The  Church,  however,  attaches 
a  mystical  meaning  to  all  her  ceremonies.  The 
office  of  these  three  evenings  is  called  Tenehrce, 
because  at  the  end  all  the  lights  are  extinguished 
to  express  the  darkness  at  our  Saviour's  cruci- 
fixion ;  and  the  noise  made  by  beating  the  books 
or  desks,  represents  the  earthquake,  the  rending 
of  the  rocks,  and  the  other  signs  which  followed 
the  death  of  the  world's  Redeemer.  F.  C.  H. 


This  is  evidently  an  allusion  to  a  part  of  the 
ceremonies  of  the  Catholics  in  the  Holy  Week. 
For,  in  the  rubric  of  the  Tevebrce  office  we  read, 
after  the  prayer  Respice,  "Finita  oratione  fit 
fragor  et  strepitus,"  etc.  An  explanation  of 
which  is  given  by  several  writers,  and  particularly 
by  Francesco  Cancellieri,  in  his  Description  of 
the  Ceremonies  of  Holy  Week  in  the  Pontifical 
Chapel  at  Rome.  Of  that  work  the  third  edition 
was  published  at  Rome  in  1802.  He  adopts  as 
most  probable  the  opinion  of  Mazzinelli,  that  this 
noise  expresses  the  dreadful  disturbance  and  con- 
fusion of  all  nature  which  happened  at  the  death 
of  our  Lord.     (^Descrizione^  etc.,  pp.  34,  35.) 

Abteeus. 
Dublin. 


3K«pIte^  to  ;^iit0r  <lBMttiti, 

Antonio  de  Dominis  (2"*  S.  viii.  20.)  —  In  the 
"  Notes  on  Books,"  at  the  above  reference,  occurs 
the  following  sentence  concerning  this  person- 
age:— 

"  We  must  acknowledge  how  faithfully  he  discharged, 
to  the  close  of  his  life,  those  solemn  obligations  into 
which  he  entered  with  the  ministry  of  the  Church  of 
England,  upon  the  eve  of  bidding  an  eternal  farewell  to 
our  shores." 

The  reader  would  Infer  from  this  that  the  "  dis- 
tinguished ecclesiastic  "  in  question  had  remained 
a  member  of  the  Church  of  England,  not  only  to 
the  period  of  quitting  our  shores,  but  even  to  the 
close  of  his  life.  Now,  without  any  intention,  or 
desire,  to  raise  discussion,  or  provoke  controversy, 
it  is  only  fair  and  just  to  state  the  undeniable 
facts,  that  before  he  left  England,  Antonio  de  Do- 
minis mounted  the  pulpit,  and  in  the  face  of  a 


large  congregation,  solemnly  retracted  whatever 
he  had  written  or  preached  against  the  Catholic 
religion.  This  excited  the  displeasure  of  King 
James  I.,  and  he  was  commanded  to  leave  the 

fountry  in  three  days.  He  repaired  to  Rome, 
egged  pardon  for  his  past  conduct,  retracted  his 
late  opinions,  and  composed  a  treatise  entitled 
My  Motives  for  Renouncing  the  Protestant  Reli- 
gion, a  new  edition  of  which  was  published  ia 
London,  by  Keating  and  Brown,  In  1827. 

F.  C.  H. 
[Just  before  De  Dominis  quitted  England,  James  I.  de- 
puted several  bishops  to  wait  upon  him,  who  put  to  him  the 
following  question:  "What  he  thought  of  the  religion 
and  Church  of  England,  which  for  so  many  years  he  had 
owned  and  obeyed,  and  what  he  would  say  of  it  in  the 
Roman  court  ?  "  To  this  query  he  gave  in  writing  the 
memorable  answer,  "  I  am  resolved,  even  with  the  dan- 
ger of  my  life,  to  profess  before  the  Pope  himself,  that  the 
Church  of  England  is  a  true  and  orthodox  church  of 
Christ."  "  This,"  says  Bishop  Cosin,  "  he  not  only  pro- 
mised, but  faithfully  performed."  (^Treatise  against  Tran- 
substantiation,  Works,  vol.  iv.  p.  160.,  edit.  1851.)  Few 
persons  were  better  acquainted  with  the  uncomfortable 
history  of  De  Dominis  than  the  learned  Bishop  of  Dur- 
ham, and  here  he  has  given  his  deliberate  judgment  on 
this  particular  point.  We  also  beg  leave  to  submit  to  our 
able  correspondent,  that  there  are  other  and  equally 
weighty  reasons,  besides  those  urged  by  Dr.  Newland  in 
his  recent  Life  of  De  Dominis,  for  concluding  that  the 
archbishop  died  in  the  faith  he  professed  whilst  a  minis- 
ter of  the  Church  of  England;  and  none  stronger,  we 
conceive,  than  the  fact  of  the  barbarous  treatment  to 
which  his  remains  were  exposed  in  the  Campo  di  Fiori, 
according  to  the  sentence  of  the  Sacred  Congregation. 
If  the  Church  of  Rome  cannot  convict  the  unhappy  arch- 
bishop of  final  "  apostacy,"  it  then  becomes  impossible  to 
account  for,  much  less  extenuate,  the  cruel  practices  of 
her  agents  on  that  memorable  occasion.  We  can  do  no 
more  than  refer  our  correspondent  to  the  4th  vol.  of  our 
1*  Series  (p.  295.) ;  and  also  to  a  Relation  sent  from  Rome 
of  the  Processe,  Sentence,  and  Execution  done  upon  the  Body, 
Picture,  and  Bookes  of  Marcus  jLntonius  de  Dominis, 
Archbishop  of  Spalato,  after  his  Death.  Published  by 
Command.  London,  1624,  4to.,  and  reprinted  in  the  first 
collection  of  Lord  Somers's  Tracts,  vol.  iv.  p.  575.] 

Fresco  in  the  Record- Room,  Westminster  Abbey 
(2"*  S.  vli.  515.)  —  I  have  no  doubt  but  that  the 
"white  doe"  described  by  M.  C.  H.  is  a  royal  badge, 
and  is  probably  a  white  hart,  couchant  under  a 
tree  proper,  gorged  with  a  crown  and  chained,  or, 
which  was  one  of  the  badges  of  Richard  IT.,  who 
rebuilt  the  neighbouring  hall ;  or  it  may  be  an 
antelope  gorged  and  chained,  or,  which  was  borne 
as  a  badge  by  Henry  V.,  and  also  by  Henry  VL 
Your  correspondent  can  easily  perceive  which  of 
these  animals  is  Intended  ;  a  hart  would  have 
antlers,  while  an  heraldic  antelope  would  have  its 
horns  serrated  in  an  upward  direction. 

On  the  brass  lectern  In  King's  College  Chapel, 
Cambridge,  is  a  figure  of  the  founder,  Henry  VI. 
He  has  at  his  feet  an  antelope  couchant,  chained 
and  gorged.  I  have  also  lately  met  with  a  figure 
of  the  same  king,  painted  on  the  wall  of  a  Norfolk 
church.     He  holds  the  sceptre  and  orb :   at  his 


34 


NOTES  AND  <iUEmES. 


[2"«  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '59. 


feet  is  a  white  antelope  sejant,  gorged  and  chained, 
or.  I  am  therefore  inclined  to  think  that  the 
antelope  when  found  alone  is  the  badge  of 
Henry  VI. 

I  shall  be  glad  to  hear  of  examples  of  this  (0 
any  other  king,  not  a  saint,  being  painted  on  the 
walls  of  a  church,  as  I  believe  such  figures  are  of 
rare  occurrence.  The  parish  where  the  example 
I  have  quoted  was  found  was  held  of  the  Duchy 
of  Lancaster,  which  accounts,  I  think,  for  this 
Lancastrian  prince  being  set  up  in  the  church ; 
or  it  may  have  been  placed  there  for  devotional 
purposes  by  some  of  those  who  were  favourable 
to  his  canonisation,  which  was  not  however  ef- 
fected, either  through  lack  of  testimony  to  his 
piety,  or  through  unwillingness  on  the  part  of 
Henry  VII.  to  pay  the  cost,  the  sum  of  which, 
according  to  Fuller,  amounted  to  "  fifteen  hun- 
dred duckets  of  gold." 

"  Tantse  molis  erat  Romanam  condere  sanctum." 

G.  W.  W.  M. 

Who  wrote  Gil  Bias  ?  (2"*  S.  v.  515.;  vii.  525.) 
—  It  is  singular  that  neither  of  your  correspon- 
dents, Uneda  nor  Eric,  refer  to  or  appear  to 
know  of  an  able  article,  "  Who  wrote  Gil  Bias?" 
which  is  in  Blackwood's  Magazine^  No.  344.  G. 
Edinburgh. 

Coffins  (2"'»  S.  vii.  516.)  — The  coffin  of  Joseph 
is  exceptional  as  regards  the  Jews,  who  for  forty 
years  carried  it  in  their  wanderings  (Gen.  1.  26. ; 
Exod.xiii.l9.;  Josh.xxiv.  32.).  The  Hebrew  ptX, 
aron^  means  not  only  a  coffin,  but  any  other  chest, 
as  the  ark  of  the  covenant  (Gen.  1.  26. ;  Exod. 
XXV.  14.).  "  A  box  or  coffin  for  the  dead  wg,s 
not  used,"  says  Jahn  {Bib.  Antiq.  s.  205.),  "  ex- 
cept in  Babylon  and  Egypt."  And  not  more  than 
one  in  ten,  according  to  Belzoni,  were  buried  in 
coffins  in  Egypt  {Egypt.  Antiq.  ii.  128.  L.  E.  K.). 
The  wood  thereof  was  Egyptian  fig  sycamore  {Id. 
ii.  129.).  "  The  last  covering  for  the  body  [in 
addition  to  the  coffin]  was  a  sarcophagus  of  stone, 
which,  as  it  would  cause  an  additional  and  heavy 
expense,  could  only,  we  suppose,  be  used  for  kings 
and  wealthy  people"  {Id.  ii.  133.).  The  sole 
covering   of  the   Jewish    corpse   was  the   oOouta, 

grave-clothes  ;      ""  •<",    kefen,    in    Arabic    (John 

xix.  40.).  The  Babylonian  Gemara  on  the 
Mishna  (Beracoth  iii.  1.)  speaks  of  the  bones  of 
the  dead  removed  from  one  place  to  another  as 
not  being  allowed  to  be  carried  in  a  sack  or  on 
the  back  of  an  ass,  to  be  sat  upon,  except  in  case 
of  apprehension  from  the  Goim  (gentiles)  or  bri- 
gands {W^D7=\ricral).  Compare  1  Kings  xiii. 
29.  The  corpse  was  to  be  conveyed  on  a  {(rophs) 
bier,  or  open  chest  (Luke  vii.  14.),  similar,  pro- 
bably, to  those  in  use  by  the  modern  Egyptians, 
as  described  and  figured  by  Lane  (ii.  290.  296.). 


To  the  Egyptians  may  be  ascribed  originally  our 
embalmments,  grave-clothes,  coffins,  and  sarco- 
phagi. 

Sir  Gardiner  Wilkinson  thinks  our  word  coffin 

is  derived  from  the  Arabic  ^,  kef  en,  grave- 
clothes  ;  but  this  cannot  be  whilst  we  find  in 
French  coffin,  a  round  high  basket,  and  coffre,  a 
chest;  in  Italian,  cofano,  a  basket,  chest,  or  trunk, 
derived  immediately  from  the  Latin  cophinus  and 
Greek  K6(t>ivos,  a  basket  of  twigs.  The  art  of 
basket-making  probably  preceded  in  England  • 
and  elsewhere  the  art  of  carpentry.  The  ancient 
mode  of  preserving  our  writs  was  in  a  hamper,  as 
in  the  hanaper  office  of  the  Court  of  Chancery. 
The  English  word  basket  and  the  thing  itself  were 
borrowed  by  the  Romans  :  — r 

"  Barbara  de  pictis  veni  bascauda  Britannis : 
Sed  me  jam  mavult  dicere  Roma  suam." 

3Iartial,  xiv.  99. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

Randolph  Family  (2°*  S.  viii.  12.)  — To  the  in- 
quiries of  your  correspondent  J.  S.  M.  after  the 
family  of  Randolph,  the  few  following  particulars 
of  the  Norfolk  branch  may  be  of  some  assistance, 
and  which  it  is  not  improbable  may,  by  a  strict 
investigation,  be  discovered  to  have  been  the 
founders  of  that  noble  race. 

From  Blomefield  we  learn  Rannulf  was  prior 
of  Norwich  in  1160;  and  on  the  same  authority 
we  find  Ranulf  was  Dean  of  Thetford  in  1175. 
During  the  four  succeeding  centuries  there  are 
numerous  references  to  the  livings  and  manors 
possessed  in  the  county  by  that  family. 

Thomas,  who  died  about  1680,  appears  to  have 
been  the  last  of  the  family  in  Norfolk :  he  was 
possessed  of  the  manors  and  lands  in  Pulham  St. 
Mary.  Henry,  his  son,  went  to  Ireland,  where 
he  probably  joined  his  relatives,  and  was  there  at 
the  time  of  his  mother's  death,  Jan.  2,  1692. 

Elizabeth,  his  daughter,  married  under  the 
Commonwealth  ;  and  as  the  then  existing  forms 
have  not  been  noticed  in  your  pages,  the  following 
extract  from  the  registers  of  the  parish  of  St.  Cle- 
ment's Fye  bridge,  Norwich,  is  subjoined.  Mar- 
ried :  — 

"  Henry  Daveney  and  Elizabeth  Randolph,  both  single, 
in  the  Clttie  of  Norwich.  Their  contract  being  published 
at  the  Market  Cross  in  the  Cittie  aforesaid,  and  no  objec- 
tion made  against  the  same,  were  married  by  Thos. 
Toftes,  Esq',  the  15  of  May,  1659. 

"  Testis  —  Johannes  Scamber." 

Another  daughter  married  Sayer  Sayer,  from 
whom  descended  the  late  celebrated  antiquary. 
Dr.  Sayer  of  Norwich. 

It  has  been  observed,  Elizabeth  Randolph,  the 
mother,  died  while  her  son  was  in  Ireland.  In  his 
absence  the  grandson,  Charles  Daveney,  took 
charge  of  the  funeral  at  Pulham  ;  the  particulars 


2nas.Vin.  July9.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


35 


of  her  interment  remain  in  existence,  and  some 
extracts,  in  which  are  included  "sugar,  rawles, 
sack,  and  horse-meats,"  were  published  in  the 
Norfolk  ArchoEology,  vol.  iv.  p.  364. 

H.  D'AVENET. 

The  Arrows  of  Harrow  (2"*  S.  viii.  17.)— With- 
out condescending  to  comment  upon  the  nonsen- 
sical supposition  of  one  of  your  querists,  who 
"  hoped  that  it  was  no  disregard  to  the  letter  h  !  " 
which  induced  the  adoption  of  the  crossed  arrows, 
or  arrows  in  saltire  as  the  heralds  have  it,  as  the 
arms  of  the  school,  I  am  tempted  to  endeavour  to 
trace  the  origin  of  that  device,  and  to  submit 
what  are  the  facts  in  support,  as  far  as  may  be,  of 
my  theory. 

Your  correspondent  E.  L.  tells  us  that  he  was 
at  Harrow  long  before  Dr.  Butler's  day,  and  that 
he  has  prize  books,  obtained  by  himself,  stamped 
with  the  crossed  arrows.  The  theory,  there- 
fore, of  your  correspondent  H.  (2"''  S.  vii.  463.), 
that  the  practice  was  introduced  by  Dr.  Butler, 
falls  to  the  ground.  I  can  confirm  this  statement 
of  E.  L.  In  1788  an  uncle  of  mine  gained  several 
such  prizes,  all  stamped  with  the  arrows.  In  1778, 
an  elder  uncle  of  mine  gained  several  similar 
prizes,  all  stamped  in  a  similar  manner.  Now  my 
impression  is  (and  there  may  yet  be  living  some 
older  Harrovians  who  are  able  to  support  this 
theory),  that,  on  the  suppression  of  the  archery 
meetings  in  1771,  and  the  substitution  of  the 
speeches,  the  arrows  were  adopted  in  allusion  to 
the  abandoned  custom.  At  the  same  time  if 
prize  books  were  given  for  exercises  contempo- 
raneously with  the  practice  of  the  archery  (and 
which  is  as  old  as  the  foundation  of  the  school), 
this  heraldic  bearing  may  be  coeval  with  the 
school  itself.  Query,  then,  are  there  any  prize 
books  in  existence,  the  bindings  of  which  are  so 
stamped,  and  which  can  be  shown  to  be  of  a  date 
anterior  to  1771  ?  C.  E.  Long. 

Woodroof  (2""*  S.  viii.  13.)— Is  it  worth  while 
to  inform  S.  C.  C,  that  if  he  contemplates  indulg- 
ing in  that  seductive  beverage,  Mai-trank,  or 
Mai-wein,  he  must  take  the  youngest  greenest 
shoots  of  the  woodroof  when  it  first  shoots  up 
under  the  shade  of  trees  in  the  spring.  I  saw  it 
"  advertised"  in  a  window  in  the  Hay  Market  last 
week,  but  I  should  think  that  at  this  time  the 
Waldmeister  is  rather  too  old.  At  the  same  time, 
the  German  plant  seems  to  my  unbotanical  eye 
somewhat  difierent  from  our  woodroof.  Some 
German  botanist  could  settle  the  Query.      „ 

G.  H.  K. 

Woodroof  is  found  wild  in  many  parts  of  Eng- 
land, and  does  not  differ  from  that  commonly  used 
in  Germany  to  make  the  refreshing  Mai-tranh,  or 
May-drink,  so  well  known  both  in  Germany  and 
Belgium.  If  it  could  be  proved  that  the  old 
English   name   of  woodrufTe,   or   woodroof,   was 


wood-reeve,  this  would  be  a  literal  translation  of 
its  German  name,  Waldmeister,  or  master  of  the 
wood :  so  called  probably  because,  when  it  has 
once  taken  possession  of  the  soil  in  shady  places, 
it  spreads  to  a  great  extent.  Reeve,  as  your 
readers  doubtless  know,  is  a  word  still  in  use, 
particularly  in  Scotland  ;  where  it  is  applied  to 
an  overseer  or  bailiff.  From  the  word  reeve  comes 
sheriff,  shire,  reave. 

In  making  the  May-drink  the  leaves  of  black- 
currants, balm,  and  peppermint,  are  sometimes 
mixed  in  less  proportions  with  the  woodruffe. 
A  handful  of  the  mixture  is  amply  sufficient  for  a 
quart  of  white  Rhine  wine,  mixed  to  taste  with 
white  sugar  and  water. 

Many  salutary  plants  are  found  among  the 
Rubiaceee,  to  which  order  woodruflFe,  or  Asperxda 
odorata,  belongs  :  Rubia  tinctorium,  or  madder, 
still  in  great  repute  in  Germany  as  a  cure  for  dis- 
eases of  the  bones,  and  all  the  varieties  of  Cin- 
chona, from  which  preparations  of  bark  and 
quinine  are  made,  belong  to  this  useful  class  of 
plants.  N.  D. 

Minstrels'  Gallery  in  Cathedrals  (2"*  S.  vii. 
496.)  —  At  the  west  end  of  the  north  aisle  of 
Winchester  Cathedral  is  a  gallery,  filling  up  a 
whole  bay,  under  the  arch,  but  not  projecting  into 
the  central  part  of  the  nave.  It  was  built  by 
Wykeham,  as  it  would  seem,  from  his  arms  in  the 
spandrils  and  bosses.  And  it  is  now  used  as  the 
consistory  court  and  record  ofBce  of  the  diocese. 
Milner  calls  it  a  "  tribune."  It  may  be  interest- 
ing to  R.  J.  K.  to  know  that  the  gallery  at  Exeter 
is  not  the  only  example  in  England. 

B.  B.  Woodward. 

Haverstocji  Hill. 

It  dolPnot  exactly  answer  the  inquiry  made 
by  R.  J.  K.  to  state,  that  the  easternmost  portion 
of  the  cathedral-church  of  Lincoln  has  commonly 
obtained  the  name  of  the  Angel  Choir,  from  the 
spandrils  of  the  triforium  arches  being  adorned 
with  figures  of  angels,  many  of  which  are  sound- 
ing or  playing  musical  instruments.  But  the  re- 
semblance of  these  figures  to  those  described  by 
R.  J.  K.  in  the  Minstrels^  Gallery  in  Exeter 
Cathedral,  suggests  an  idea  that  both  may  have 
been  originally  dedicated  to  the  same  purpose. 
The  Angel  Choir  at  Lincoln  is  supposed  to  have 
been  erected  about  1282.  There  is  in  Worces- 
ter Cathedral  a  contemporaneous  work  of  similar 
arrangement,  but  which  has  been  lamentably 
effaced  by  the  iconoclasts  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury. The  figures  in  Lincoln  Cathedral  are  in  a 
state  of  nearly  perfect  preservation  ;  they  are 
thirty  in  number,  all  of  very  excellent  workman- 
ship, and  some  of  them  of  great  energy  of  position, 
action,  and  expression.  A  full  description  of  this 
beautiful  work  of  art,  with  engravings  of  the 
thirty  figures  of  angels,  is  given  in  the  proceed- 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<»  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '59. 


ings  of  the  meeting  of  the  Archaeological  Institute, 
■which  was  held  at  Lincoln  in  July,  1848. 

PisHEY  Thompson. 
Stoke  Newington. 

British  Anthropophagi  (2""^  S.  vii.  497.)— With- 
out  going  back  to  the  remote  days  of  St.  Jerome 
to  seek  proof  for  his  assertion,  "  che  gli  Scozzesi 
vsauano  in  cibola  carne  dell'  huomo  nel  suo 
tempo,"  or  in  other  words,  that  the  Scots  ate 
human  flesh  either  at  home  or  "in  Gallia"  as  they 
could  get  it,  reference  may  be  made  to  the  follow- 
ing instance ;  which,  if  the  garrulous  chronicler, 
Lindsay  of  Pitscottie,  can  be  believed,  seems  to 
corroborate  the  fact  that  there  existed  in  the  na- 
tion at  least  one  reprobate  character  who  indulged 
in  the  practice,  a  thousand  years  after  the  saint 
was  sleeping  in  the  dust. 

"  About  1440  (says  he)  thair  was  ane  briggant  tane 
with  his  hail  familie,  quho  hauntet  ane  place  in  Angus. 
This  mischievous  man  had  an  execrable  faschion  to  tak 
all  young  men,  and  children  aither,  he  could  steal  away 
quietlie,  or  tak  away  without  knawledge,  and  eat  thame, 
and  the  younger  thcj'  war,  esteemed  them  more  tender 
and  delicious.  For  the  quhilk  caus  and  dampnable  abuse, 
he,  with  his  wayff  and  bairnis,  were  all  burnt,  except  ane 
young  wench  of  ane  yeir  old,  wha  was  saifed  and  brought 
to  Dundie,  quhair  shoe  was  broucht  up  and  fostered,  and 
quhan  shoe  cam  to  ane  vomanes  yeires,  shoe  was  con- 
demned and  brunt  quick  for  that  cryme.  It  is  said,  that 
when  shoe  was  coming  to  the  place  of  execution,  thair 
gathered  ane  hudge  multitud  of  people  and  speciallie 
of  vomen  cursing  her,  that  shoe  was  so  unhappie  to  com- 
mitt  so  damnable  deides.  To  whom  she  turned  about 
with  an  ireful  countenance,  saying, '  Quhairfoir  chyd  yea 
me,  so  as  if  I  had  committed  an  vnworthie  act.  Give 
me  credence  and  trow  me,  if  yea  had  experience  of  eating 
men  and  vomenis  flesch,  yea  would  think  it  so  delitious 
that  yea  would  nevir  forbeare  it  agane.'  So  bot  onj' 
signe  of  repentance  this  vnhappie  traitous  died  in  the 
sight  of  the  people  {Chronicles,  i.  164.,  8vo.  Mlit.  1814). 
This  execution  is  said  to  have  taken  placeiifcfore  the 
old  Town-house  in  the  Seagate"  {History  of  Dundee,  by 
James  Thomson,  p.  3G.,  8vo.,  1847.) 

Are  there  any  examples  in  ancient  lore  of  John 
Bull  being  classed  among  the  Anthropophagi? 

G.N. 

[Anthropophagy  is  also  noticed  in  the  Historical  Triads 
of  the  Isle  of  Britain,  xlix.  and  I. ;  and,  strange  to  add, 
in  connexion  with  a  Northern  British  chieftain  named 
Aeddau,  who  traitorously  allied  himself  with  the  ma- 
rauding Saxons,  and  was  defeated  and  slain  by  Rhyd- 
derch  in  the  battle  of  Arder3'dd  in  Scotland,  circa  a.d. 
577.  The  name  of  Aeddau,  the  cannibal,  also  figures  in 
the  Godolin. — Ed.] 

The  Rev.  Meredith  Townsend  (2"'*  S.  vii.  375.)  — 
The  Rev.  Meredith  Townsend,  of  Stoke  Newing- 
ton, near  London,  married  May  10th,  1748,  Mary 
the  4th  and  youngest  daughter  of  John  Basnett, 
Esq.,  of  Matthew  Green  House  at  Oakingham, 
Berks,  and  likewise  of  Dye  House  and  Wellands, 
in  that  parish.  By  this  marriage  there  was  one 
son,  the  Rev.  Josiah  Townsend,  and  one  daughter, 
Mary,  who  married  her  cousin  Sir  William  Bas- 
nett, who  lived  at  Bath.     The  Rev.  M.  Townsend 


was  born  at  Poole,  in  Dorsetshire,  Aug.  16th,  1715  ; 
and  from  1742  to  1746  was  an  assistant  at  Bury 
Street  chapel  in  the  city  to  the  celebrated  Dr. 
Isaac  Watts,  and  where  he  was  highly  esteemed 
for  his  talents  and  piety  (see  Wilson's Dmewitn^g' 
Church).  He  afterwards  resided  at  Hull,  but 
finally  settled  at  Stoke  Newington  early  in  the 
spring  of  1751,  at  which  time  he  became  pastor  of 
the  Independent  chapel  there,  and  so  continued 
till  the  middle  of  1789,  when  he  quitted  the 
ministry,  and  went  to  preside  with  his  son,  the 
Rev.  Josiah  Townsend,  at  Fairford  in  Gloucester- 
shire ;  but  subsequently  removed  to  Bath,  to  be 
near  his  daughter,  and  there  died,  Dec.  13th,  1801, 
beloved  and  respected  by  all  who  knew  Lim. 

He  was  buried  in  Weston  churchyard,  near 
Bath,  with  this  inscription  :  — 

"  The  Rev.  Meredith  Townsend,  late  of  Stoke  New- 
ington, Middlesex,  died  at  Bath,  the  13tb  Dec.  1801. 
Aged  86." 

With  respect  to  letters  and  documents  left  by 
the  deceased  gentleman,  I  would  advise  S.  W. 
Rix  to  apply  to  Charles  Basnett,  Esq.,  3.  Brock 
Street,  Bath,  who  I  have  no  doubt  would  give 
every  information  respecting  his  relative. 

Julia  R.  Bockett. 

Bradnej',  near  Burghfield  Bridge,  Reading. 

Catch-cope   Bells   (2°<>    S.  vii.  4G6.)  —  I   am 
obliged  by  the   suggestion   offered  by  the  Rev. 
J.  Eastwood.     The  following  extracts  from  the 
churchwardens'  accounts  of  S.  Martin's,  Leices- 
ter, showing  the  number  and  size  of  these  bells 
belonging  to  that  church,  will,  however,  tend,  I 
think,    to   show   that   his   supposition   as   to   the 
meaning  of  the  word  is  not  a  correct  one :  — 
"1549  and  1550.  Itm.  rec.   of  Willm.  Tayllor  ....  in 
ernest  of  the  iij.  catche  coppe  bells, 
after  xxv»  a  hundryth       .        .    xij* 
1550  and  1551.  Itm.  rec.  of  M'  Lamb't  (?)  and  M--  Herek 
for  the  leyst  Catche  cope  bell 

xxvij'  xj<'. 
„  Itm.  rec.  of  Willm.  Tayllor  and  Willm. 

Syngylton  for  tow  of  the  same  bells 

iij"  xj'  viijd." 

It  thus  appears  there  were  three  catch-cope 
bells.  The  least  bell,  which  produced  27s.  llrf., 
would,  at  the  price  mentioned  in  the  first  ex- 
tract, weigh  rather  more  than  one  hundredweight. 
Would  not  this  weight  be  far  too  little  for  a  bell 
used  for  the  purpose  suggested  by  Mb.  East- 
wood ?  Thos.  North. 

Leicester. 

Winterly  Thunder  (2'"^  S.  vii.  450.)— The  Dutch 
have  a  somewhat  similar  proverb  to  the  one 
quoted  by  R.  E.  B.  They  say,  "  Vroege  donder, 
late  honger  ;"  which  means,  "Early  thunder,  late 
hunger."  The  English  proverb,  however,  is  more 
full,  and  still  promises  "rich  man's  food."  Per- 
haps, because  the  winter-thunderstorms,  though 
prejudicial  to  the  most  necessary  things  of  life, 


2n>»  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


37 


are  deemed  favourable  to  the  vine.     So,  in  Reve- 
lation vi.  6.,  it  is  said  : 

"  A  measure  of  -wheat  for  a  pennj^,  and  three  measures 
of  barley  for  a  penny  [the  labourer's  daily  wages],  and 
see  thou  hurt  not  the  oil  and  the  wine." 

The  poor  will  have  a  bare  sufficiency  of  barley 
and  wheat,  whilst  the  rich  will  see  their  luxuries 
cheapened  by  an  abundant  growth. 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 

Zeyst. 

"  The  Style  is  the  Man  himself"  (2"<>  S.  vi.  308. ; 
vii.  502.) — "Le  style  est  I'homme  meine"  (Dis' 
cours  prononce  a  VAcudemie  Franqais  par  M.  De 
Buffon,  le  Jour  de  sa  Reception,  25  Aout,  1753.) 
M.  riourens,  in  his  very  handsome  edition,  with 
learned  and  valuable  notes,  of  Buffon's  (Euvres 
Completes,  Paris,  (12  vols,  royal  8vo.,  1853,  &c.), 
which  is  now  esteemed  the  best  edition,  inserts 
the  following  note  to  the  phrase  quoted  above  :  — 

"  Mot  c^lfebre,  et  chaque  jour  repete,  '  Le  Style  est 
I'homme  m^me,  et  BufFon  nous  en  donne  la  vraie  raison ; 
c'est  que  les  autres  choses  sont  hors  de  I'homme,  et  peuvent 
lui  etre  enlevees." 

There  can  be  no  doubt,  therefore,  that  your 
Philadelphia  correspondent  is  right  in  vindicating 
the  accuracy  of  the  phrase  in  the  form  now 
quoted.  J.  Mac  eat. 

Oxford. 

Old  Prooerh  (2"^  S.  vii.  88.)  —The  answer  (2»'> 
S.  vii.  183.)  gives  : 

"  If  that  j'ou  will  France  win, 
Then  with  Scotland  first  begin." 

Hen.  V.  Act  I.  Sc.  2. 
Compare  farther  Henry  Chicheley's  speech  in 
Hall,  2  Hen.  V.,  pp.  50—54.,  with  the  Archb.  of 
Canterbury's  in   Shakspeare,  Act  I.   Sc.  2.     To 
which  Raufe,  Erie  of  Westmerland,  replies  : 

"...  I  thinke,  yea  and  litle  doubt,  but  Scotland  shalhee 
tamed  before  Fraunce  shalie  framed."  —  Hall,  p.  54.  (ed. 
4to.,  1809. 

"  No  q'^  the  Duke  of  Excester,  uncle  to  the  Kyng 
(whiche  war  well  learned  and  sent  into  Italy  by  his 
father  entendj-ng  to  have  been  a  prieste)  :  '  He  that  will 
Scotlande  win,  let  hvm  with  Fraunce  first  begin.' "  — 
Hall,  p.  55. 

Shakspeare,  no  doubt,  quoted  from  memory, 

J.  M.  N. 

^^  Perhaps  it  ivas  right  to  dissemble  your  love"  ^-c. 
(2°*  S.vii.  177.)— Mr.  Fkebe  says  authoritatively 
that,  though  /  presume  these  lines  to  be  Kem- 
ble's,  they  certainly  are  not  his.  Notwithstanding 
I  submit  that  the  entire  probability  is  in  favour  of 
Kemble's  authorship.  They  are  shown  to  be  not 
Bickerstaff's,  and  it  is  unlikely  that  Kemble  would 
have  deliberately  appropriated  the  composition  of 
another  without  acknowledgment.  J'he  Panel  was 
altered  from  Bickerstaff's  play ;  therefore  what 
was  not  in  Bickerstaff's  original  must  be  put  down 
to  Kemble.     Hence  the  fair  conclusion  to  be  ar- 


rived at  is,  that  Kemble  contributed  these  lines 
to  the  "  Asylum  for  Fugitive  Pieces,"  and  three 
years  afterwards  introduced  them  into  The  Panel, 
on  the  principle  of  a  man's  right  to  do  what  he 
likes  with  his  own.  W.  T.  M. 

Hong  Kong,  5th  May,  1859. 

^  Old  Bells  (2°^  S.  viii.  12.)  —  The  bell  in  ques- 
tion may  or  may  not  be  old  :  the  form  is  as  ancient 
as  any,  and  such  are  called  erotals,  often  found  in 
barrows.  When  linked  together  in  the  way  which 
had  excited  the  admiration  of  Mk.  Coombs,  they 
are  called  by  country  people  jinglers,  rattlers,  ear- 
bells, —  being  attached  to  the  bridles  of  horses 
universally  in  the  days  of  narrow  roads  and  pack- 
saddles.  I  remember  them  in  common  use,  but 
now  they  are  rare ;  so  much  so  as  to  be  con- 
sidered "  curious."  H.  T.  Ellacombe. 

Botnbs  (2"^  S.  vii.  521.)— In  Mr.  Boys's  paper 
on  the  "  Ballad  of  Sir  Andrew  Barton,"  he  says, 
"  Bombs  are  said  to  have  been  invented  in  1495." 
In  a  little  work  alluded  to  by  Abhba  (2"^  S.  vii. 
517.),  i.  e.  The  Tablet  of  Memory,  I  find  it  stated 
that  bombs  were  not  invented  till  1588,  by  a  man 
at  Venlo,  and  that  they  were  first  used  by  the 
French  in  1634,  in  which  year  they  were  fired 
from  mortars.  T.  C.  Anderson, 

H.  M.'s  12th  Reg.  Bengal  Army. 

[We  are  aware  that  the  date  of  this  invention  has  been 
disputed;  and  it  is  not  clear  that  bombs  were  thrown 
from  mortars  before  the  sixteenth  century.  But  they  are 
said  to  have  been  first  invented  towards  the  close  of  the 
fifteenth,  as  stated  by  Mk.  Boys,  and  by  Haydn  in  hia 
Diet,  of  Dates. — Ed.] 

Drowning  as  a  Punishment  for  Women  (2"^  S. 
vii.  445.)  —  The  following  passage  occurs  in  Lord 
Coke's  Third  Institute,  p.  58.,  from  which  it  ap- 
pears that  the  right  of  pit  and  gallows  was  alsa 
known  to  the  ancient  law  of  England :  — 

"The  judgment  in  all  cases  of  felony  is,  that  the  per- 
son attainted  be  hanged  by  the  neck  until  he,  or  she,  be 
dead.  But  in  ancient  times  in  that  case  the  man  was 
banged,  and  the  woman  was  drowned,  whereof  we  have 
seen  examples  in  the  reign  of  Eichard  I.  And  this  is  the 
meaning  of  ancient  franchises  granted  de  furcd  et  fossa, 
'  of  the  gallows  and  the  pit,'  for  the  hanging  upon  the 
one  and  drowning  in  the  other ;  but  fossa  is  taken  away, 
and/ttrca  remains," 

L. 

Cockade  (2"*  S.  vii.  522.)— Certainly  I  think 
the  servant  of  any  non-commissioned  officer  or 
private  of  any  rifle  or  other  volunteer  corps,  is 
not  entitled*  to  the  decoration  of  a  cockade.  _  Of- 
ficers of  the  regular  army  and  embodied  militia^ 
or  when  on  retired  pay,  or  halfpay,  may  place 
the  cockade  in  their  servants'  hats,  but  even  these 
should  doff  it,  if  they  altogether  retire  from  the 
service.  Still  perhaps  it  is  much  a^  matter  of 
feeling,  and  should  any  one  assume  it,  it  is  not 
very  likely  that  there  may  be  any  question  about 
it,  or  the  pretension  inquired  into.  H. 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>'»  S.  VIII.  July  9.  '59. 


Chandos  Place,  sometime  the  Abhot  of  Reading's, 
and  Chertsey  House,  London  (2"^  S.  vii.  516.)  — 
Among  the  Records  of  the  Court  of  Augmenta- 
tion, are  the  particulars  for  a  grant  to  Sir  Richard 
Long,  Knt.,  of  the  farm  of  a  messuage  called 
"  Redyng  place,"  with  other  farms  in  the  parish  of 
St.  Andrew  by  the  Wardrobe,  London,  late  of 
the  Monastery  of  Redyng ;  and  it  appears  by  the 
description  of  the  property,  that  Sir  Richard 
Long  held  Redyng  Place,  with  the  gardens  and 
stables,  abutting  south  on  Thames  Street  and  east 
on  Addyng  Strete  (Addle  Hill  ?),  and  on  the  west 
to  my  Lord  Burghi's  house :  and  William  Doun- 
ing  held  a  messuage  and  wharf  under  a  lease  to 
him  from  the  Abbot  and  Convent  of  Reading  ; 
and  Robert  Hamond  held  two  tenements  and  a 
wharf,  under  a  lease  granted  to  him  by  King 
Henry  VIII.  in  the  30th  year  of  his  reign. 

Redyng  Place  was,  therefore,  situate  at  the 
south-west  corner  of  Addle  Hill,  on  the  north  side 
of  Upper  Thames  Street ;  and  the  site  is  now  oc- 
cupied by  "  The  Acorn"  public-house  and  other 
houses. 

There  are  also  the  particulars  for  another  grant, 
to  Sir  Anthony  Kingston,  Knt.,  in  the  37th  Henry 
VIII.,  of  a  messuage  or  tenement  called  "  The 
Chertesey  House,"  in  the  parish  of  St.  Peter, 
near  Paul's  Wharf,  London,  late  belonging  to  the 
Monastery  of  Bustleham,  or  Bisham,  Berks ;  but 
no  farther  description  of  the  premises. 

Chertsey  House  was,  however,  situate  on  the 
east  side  of  Baynard's  Castle,  and  had  been  the 
residence  of  the  Abbots  of  Chertsey  from  a  very 
early  period,  but  was  granted  by  King  Henry 
VIII.  to  his  monastery  of  Bustleham,  or  Bishani, 
which  he  refounded  in  the  27th  year  of  his  reign 
as  a  mitred  abbey,  but  which  was  dissolved  three 
years  afterwards. 

Reading  House,  with  the  wharf  belonging  to  it, 
was  on  the  west  side  of  Baynard's  Castle.  So  that 
it  is  clear  they  were  distinct  residences. 

I  have  not  yet  been  able  to  ascertain  whether 
either  of  those  houses  was  granted  to  Sir  Richard 
Long  or  Sir  Anthony  Kingston,  in  pursuance  of 
the  particulars  and  surveys  in  the  Augmentation 
Office,  nor  to  connect  with  either  of  them  Lord 
Chandos  or  Lord  Sandes ;  but  I  am  inclined  to 
think  that  Stow  is  correct,  and  that  Fleetwood 
must  have  made  a  mistake  between  the  two,  as 
he  says  he  went  to  Chandos  House,  formerly  the 
abbot  of  Reading's,  and  that  he  went  on  to  the 
river  to  survey  the  house  from  the  water,  which 
he  might  have  done  as  to  Chertsey  House,  which 
was  next  the  river,  but  not  as  to  Reading  Place, 
which  was  on  the  north  side  of  Thames  Street. 

Sir  Richard  Long  was  Gentleman  of  the  Privy 
Chamber  to  King  Henry  VIII.  His  son  and 
heir,  Henry  Long,  of  Shingay,  Esq.,  who  died 
15  April,  1573,  was  buried  at  St.  Peter  and  Paul's 
wharf,  and  the  inscription  on  his  monument  tells 


us  that  his  father.  Sir  Richard,  was  third  son  of 
Sir  Thomas  Long,  Knt.,  of  (Wraxall)  Wilts. 
In  the  same  inscription  it  is  stated  that  Henry 
Long  married  Dorothy,  the  daughter  of  Nicholas 
Clarke,  of  Weston,  Esqr.,  and  Elizabeth  Ramsey, 
his  wife,  sole  heir  of  Thomas  Ramsey,  of  Hicham, 
Esq.,  her  father  ;  by  whom  he  had  issue  one  son 
and  three  daughters,  of  whom  only  one  daughter, 
Elizabeth,  survived  her  father  and  became  his 
sole  heiress.    Who  did  she  marry  ? 

I  find  from  Dugdale's  Baronage  that  William 
Lord  Sandes  married  for  his  second  wife,  Cathe- 
rine, daughter  of  Edward  Lord  Chandos.  and 
died  29th  September,  1623.  So  that  there  was  a 
connexion  between  those  two  families. 

Sir  Anthony  Kingston  was,  as  I  collect  from 
Mr.  Lemon's  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  one  of  the 
gentlemen  implicated  in  Wyatt's  rebellion  against 
Queen  Mary,  who  were  pardoned  and  set  at  li- 
berty in  1555  ;  but  in  the  following  year  he  was 
accused  with  a  great  many  of  the  Western  gentle- 
men of  a  conspiracy  to  depose  Queen  Mary,  and 
for  making  the  Lady  Elizabeth  Queen,  and  that 
she  should  marry  the  Earl  of  Devonshire. 

I  shall  be  glad  of  any  farther  information  re- 
specting these  monastic  residences,  and  their 
owners  and  occupiers  after  the  Reformation. 

Geo.  R.  Corneb. 

Oah  Bedsteads  and  Oak  Furniture  (2"*  S.  vii. 
69.  114.  203.)— Your  correspondent  C.  W.  Bing- 
ham mentions  having  ar,  old  oak  chest  with  the 
date  1676,  which  he  terms  "  a  dignified  old  age." 
We  have  had,  however,  in  our  family,  from  time 
immemorial,  an  oak  chest,  beautifully  carved  and 
inlaid,  bearing  the  following  date  :  "  1665,  A.G.," 
inclosed  in  a  circle  :  consequently  this  can  boast 
of  ati  age  "  more  dignified  "  still. 

We  have  also  in  the  family  an  oak  chair,  in 
excellent  preservation,  with  the  date  1576,  and 
the  initials  M.  T.  and  J.  B.  It  is  very  plain,  with 
an  upright  back.  Most  of  the  old  oak  chairs  I 
have  seen  have  leaning  backs,  and  are  much 
carved.  I  should  like  to  know  if  any  of  your 
correspondents  possess  any  oak  furniture  of  an 
older  date  ?  H.  E.  Wilkinson. 

Tutenag  (2""*  S.  vii.  476.  519.)  —  Tintenaig, 
Tutenag,  is  properly  neither  Portuguese  nor  Chi- 
nese, but  Indian,  as  its  derivation  shows :  lite- 
rally, a  compound  of  two  or  three  inferior  metals : 
as  of  tin  or  nickel,  and  of  zinc  or  iron,  or  possibly 
lead,  also,  —  all  with  copper.  It  is  loosely  applied 
to  pinchbeck,  &c.,*  and  strictly  to  laminated 
metals.  Nemo. 

Lateen  Sails  (2°^  S.  vii.  516.)— If  you  are  thank- 
ful for  light,  it  is  found  in  the  East.  Latteen  in 
that  Archipelago  means  trilateral ;  from  Lat,  a 
line  or  side  (latus),  and  teen,  three.  Nemo. 


As  an  alloy  of  copper,  tiinbach. 


2°dS.  VIII.  JcLY  9.'59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


39 


Blowing  from  Cannon  (2"^  S.  iv.  365. ;  vii.  523.) 
—  Eric  alludes  to  a  case  of  some  mutineers  having 
been  blown  from  guns  in  1764,  and  quotes  a  pas- 
sage from  Malcolm's  Life  of  Lord  Clive.  He  says 
"  that  the  sentence  was  that  of  a  native  court  mar- 
tial."  Of  course  it  was,  as  all  natives  have  been 
tried  by  native  courts-martial  until  the  great 
mutiny  of  1857,  although  they  are  presided  over, 
and  generally  led  and  ruled,  by  the  superintending 
officer,  whose  duty,  however,  is  merely  to  tran- 
scribe the  evidence,  and  assist  the  native  officers 
with  advice  and  counsel. 

I  think  it  is  probable  I  shall  be  able  to  send 
him  and  your  readers  some  information  in  answer 
to  his  Queries.  T.  C.  Anderson, 

H.  M.'s  12  th  Reg.  Bengal  Army. 

8.  Warwick  Villas,  Maida  Hill,  W. 

Grave-diggers  (2°'>  S.  vii.  475.) — The  following 
record  of  the  decease  and  ready  wit  of  a  vetefan 
grave- digger,  from  an  old  newspaper,  may  prove 
of  interest  to  Mb.  Piesse  and  others  :  — 

"  Yesterday  (March  31,  1758)  died  in  Clerkenwell, 
aged  90,  Mr.  Stevens,  for  55  years  grave-digger  of  that 
parish.  It  is  related  of  him  that  being  asked  once  on 
examination  at  one  of  the  courts  of  Westminster  Hall 
who  he  was,  he  replied,  '  I  am  grave-digger  to  the  parish 
of  St.  James's  Clerkenwell,  at  your  honour's  service.'  " 

W.  J.  Pinks. 

Vale  of  Red  Horse  (2"'>  S.  vii.  28.  485.)— 

"  Every  Palm  Sunday,  the  day  on  which  the  battle  of 
Touton  was  fought,  a  rough  figure,  called  the  Red  Horse, 
on  the  side  of  a  hill  in  Warwickshire,  is  scoured  out. 
This  is  suggested  to  be  done  in  commemoration  of  the 
horse  which  the  Earl  of  Warwick  slew  on  that  day,  de- 
termined to  vanquish  or  die." — Roberts's  York  and  Lan- 
caster, vol.  i.  p.  429.  (Note  in  the  Last  of  the  Barons 
(Bulwer),  p.  193.  ed.  1853.) 

Belateb-Adime. 

Thurneisser  and  Turner  (2°*  S.  vii.  468.)  — • 
However  remarkable  the  apparent  coincidence  in 
the  name  of  the  two  great  contemporary  botanists, 
who  both  published  their  works  at  Cologne,  it 
does  not  appear  that  any  relationship  or  family 
connexion  existed  between  them.  Thurneisser  is 
a  common  surname  at  Basle,  and  in  other  parts  of 
Switzerland.  The  Parisian  bankers  of  the  same 
name  were  originally  from  that  country.     M.  (1.) 

Alleyne  in  Sussex  (2°*  S.  vii.  513.) — It  may 
serve  as  a  clue  to  this  family  in  Sussex,  if  I  men- 
tion that,  in  the  Visitation  of  Sussex,  1633-4,  it  is 
stated  that  "  Franc'  Hooke,  of  Chichester,  married 
Secunda,  da.  of  William  Shortred,  widow  of 
Richard  Alleyne."  Was  Richard  a  brother  of 
Edward  Alleyne  ?  N.  H.  R. 

Balthasar  Regis  (2"^  S.  vii.  358.)  —  Balthasar 
Regis,  B.D.  of  Dublin,  was  incorporated  at  Cam- 
bridge, 1717,  and  was  created  D.D.  at  Cambridge, 
as  a  member  of  Trinity  College  there,  1721. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 


"  The  Brute  Chronicles  "  (2»*  S.  ii.  128. ;  vii. 
526.)  —  After  the  reference  made  to  me  by  Y.  S. 
M.,  I  can  do  no  less  than  inform  your  correspon- 
dent, William  Henry  Hart,  that  there  are  two 
copies  of  The  French  Prose  Chronicles  of  England 
called  the  Brute  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  one  of  which  (E.  2.  33.)  ends  at  the  year 
1332,  and  has  the  introductory  chapter,  in  verse, 
though  written  in  prose,  just  as  in  the  copies  in 
the  British  Museum  described  by  Sir  Frederic 
Madden  (2"*  S.  i.  1.).  The  other  (E.  5.  5.)  is 
imperfect,  and  concludes  also  at  the  year  1332. 

'AXievs. 

Dublin. 

Halls  of  Greatford  (2"*  S.  vii.  497.)  —  The 
founder  of  the  hall  was  a  Fitzwilliam  or  Fitz- 
williams  of  the  elder  branch  of  the  earl's  family. 
The  present  representative  of  the  family  is  said  to 
be  E.  C.  L.  Fitzwilliams,  Esq.,  Barrister-at-Law, 
of  the  Inner  Temple,  who  resumed  the  ancient 
family  surname  on  the  death  of  his  father,  the 
late  Benjamin  Edward  Hall,  Esq.,  of  Paddington, 
Middlesex,  about  1849  or  1850.  P. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,   ETC. 

Popular  Music  of  the  Olden  Time:  a  Collection  of  An- 
cient Songs,  Ballads,  and  Dance  Tunes,  illustrative  of  the 
National  Music  of  England.  With  Short  Introductions  to 
the  different  Reigns,  and  Notices  of  the  Airs  from  Writers 
of  the  I6th  and  Yith  Centuries;  also  a  Short  Account  of 
the  Minstrels  by  W.  Chappell,  F.S.A.  The  whole  of  the 
Airs  harmonised  by  G.  A.  Macfarren.  2  Vols.  8vo. 
(Cramer  &  Co.) 

By  the  publication  of  the  16th  Part  of  his  most  pains- 
taking and  instructive  work,  Mr.  Chappell  has  brought 
to  a  close  his  great  labour  of  love.  The  two  goodly  oc- 
tavos, of  which  The  Popular  Music  of  the  Olden  Time 
now  consists,  form  a  work  not  less  interesting  to  the  lover 
of  music  —  for  a  larger  collection  of  beautiful  melodies 
it  would  be  difficult  to  find,  though  one  should  search 
the  wide  world  through  —  than  to  the  student  of  social 
progress  and  the  professed  antiquary.  There  is  a  vulgar 
error — that  the  English,  as  a  nation,  are  devoid  of  musical 
taste.  No  charge  can  be  more  unfounded.  We  once 
heard  Pasta  declare  that  she  sang  more  good  music  in 
England  than  in  all  the  rest  of  Europe  put  together. 
The  result  of  the  late  Handel  Festival  is  another  evi- 
dence of  the  existence  of  true  musical  feeling  in  the  great 
mass  of  the  people :  and  Mr.  Chappell's  amusing  volumes 
afford  in  every  page  unquestionable  evidence  of  the  early 
use  of  music  in  this  country,  of  the  fondness  with  which 
its  study  was  pursued,  and  of  the  great  skill  and  success 
with  which  it  has  long  been  practised  among  us.  Nor  is 
Mr.  Chappell's  book  without  special  value  for  its  illustra- 
tion of  our  early  literature ;  ballads,  broadsides,  chap-books, 
in  short,  all  classes  of  our  popular  literature,  are  quoted  and 
illustrated  by  Mr.  Chappell  —  who,  to  make  his  book  all 
that  can  be  wished,  has  crowned  his  work  by  that  essen- 
tial to  completeness— a  capital  Index — we  should  rather 
say  two  capital  Indexes,  for  such  there  are :  one  of  Bal- 
lads, Songs,  &c.,  the  other  of  Miscellaneous  Subjects.  The 
book  is  indeed  one  which  the  ladies  will  delight  in  for  its 
music,  and  graver  readers  for  its  curious  learning. 


40 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«i  S.  VIII.  Jdly  9,  '59. 


The  National  Cyclopedia  of  Useful  Knowledge.  Vol.  XIII. 
Abaddon — Zwinglians.     Supplement.     (Routledge  &  Co.) 

Those  who  have  on  their  shelves  the  twelve  volumes 
of  the  National  Cj'clopsedia,  and  know  its  usefulness,  will 
appreciate  the  value  of  this  supplementary  volume,  which 
comprises  under  a  distinct  alphabetical  arrangement  all 
the  accumulated  new  information  of  the  past  tenor  twelve 
years. 

Christianity  contrasted  with  Hindu  Philosophy.  An 
Essay  in  Five  Books,  Sanskrit  and  English.  With  prac- 
tical Suggestions  tendered  to  the  Missionary  among  the 
Hindus.    By  James  R.  Ballantyne,  LL.D.     (Madden.) 

This  able  Essay  from  the  pen  of  the  Professor  of  Moral 
Philosophy  and  Principal  of  the  Government  College  at 
Benares,  and  which  is  in  some  measure  a  Prize  Essay, 
deserves  the  serious  attention  not  only  of  the  mission- 
aries to  whom  it  is  more  immediately  addressed,  but  of 
all  who  feel  an  interest  in  the  great  question  of  the  evan- 
gelisation of  India. 

JPoems.    By  Thomas  Ashe.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

An  unpretending  little  volume,  in  which  the  lover  of 

poetry  will  find  ample  evidence  that  the  writer  is  imbued 

with  the  true  poetic  feeling. 

The  Golden  Rule;  or,  Stories  Illustrative  of  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments, by  the  Author  of  "  A  Trap  to  Catch  a  Sun- 
beam," Sj-c.    (Routledge  &  Co.) 

A  collection  of  stories  illustrative  of  the  Ten  Com- 
mandments, so  told  as  to  enforce  that  Golden  Rule  "  of 
doing  unto  others  as  we  would  they  should  do  unto  us." 
They  are  alike  amusing  and  instructive,  and  every  way 
worthy  of  Miss  Planche. 

Heroes  of  the  Laboratory  and  the  Workshop.  By  C.  L. 
Brightwell.  Illustrated  by  John  Absolon.  (Routledge 
&  Co.) 

A  work  undertaken  in  a  Christian  spirit,  and  executed 
with  good  taste.  We  shall  be  greatly  surprised  if  this 
little  volume  does  not  prove  eventually  a  favourite  prize 
book  in  all  those  schools  in  which  our  honest  hard-handed 
workmen  are  educated. 

Books  Receiyed. — 

The  Servants'  Behaviour  Book  ;  or.  Hints  on  Manners 
and  Dress  for  Maid  Servants  in  Small  Households.  By 
Mrs.  Motherly.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

Mrs.  Motherly  has  done  a  good  work  in  putting  to- 
gether these  useful  hints ;  and  her  book  is  an  admirable 
one  to  place  in  the  hands  of  a  young  girl  when  first  going 
out  to  service. 

Tales  from  Bentley.    Part  I.    (Bentley.) 

This  promises  to  be  a  very  amusing  collection.  Bentley 
has  in  its  day  given  to  the  world  some  capital  stories ; 
and  a  selection  of  them  can  scarcely  fail  to  be  popular. 

The  History  of  the  Great  French  Revolution.  By  M.  A. 
Thiers.  With  Illustrative  Notes  from  the  most  Authentic 
Sources.  With  upwards  of  Forty  beautiful  Engravings. 
Parts  I.  and  II.     (Bentley.) 

A  new  issue,  in  Sixpenny  Parts,  of  a  work  which  de- 
rives additional  interest  just  now  from  the  comparison 
which  is  forcing  itself  upon  men's  minds  between  the 
France  of  1792  and  1859. 


BOOKS     AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Cbandler's  Hymns  of  the  Pbimitive  Church.    Complete  edition. 

•»♦  Iietters,  staling  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriac/e  free,  to  be 
';initam^s%iis.BEi.i.Si  Daldy,  Publishers  of  "  NOi'BS  ANU 
UUBRIES,"  186.  fleet  Street . 


Particulars  of  Piice,&c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Mxnton's  THEorootcAi.  ■VVoBKs.    Last  vol.  (sometimes  bound  in  two, 
called  V.  and  VI.) 

"Wanted  by  J.  Hames,  18.  Alexander  Street,  Westbourne  Grove, 
London,  W. 


Comic  Times.    Complete  Bet. 
DiooEXEs.  Ditto. 

Puppet  Show.      Ditto. 
Illostrateo  London  News.    Ditto. 

Wanted  by  Maxwell  4-  Co.,  9.  Bell  Square,  Finsbury,  London . 

Collier's  Shakspeare  Library.    2  Vols.    Several  copies. 

Lady    Hamilton's  Secret   History    of    Geo.    IV.     2  Vols.    Several 

copies. 
Toutel's  Voyaoe  to  the  GrtPH  op  Mexico. 
Kahn's  Travels  in  America.    3  Vols. 
Knioht  (,R.  p.),  the  Worship  of  Priapcis.    4to. 
Ben  Jonson's  Work*,  by  Gilford.    9  Vols.    Boaijls  preferred. 
Trials  for  Adultery..  Vol.  I. 
Mante's  History  of  tbk  American  War.    4to. 
Shakspeare.    Folio  Reprint  of  1st  edition. 

Wanted  by  C.  J.  Sheet,  10.  King  William  Street,  Strand,  W.  C. 


Tbk  Index  to  Volumb  Seven  ofmtr  Second  Series,  will  be  issued  with 
our  next  week  s  number. 

3.  Phillott.    How  can  we  address  a  letter  to  this  correspondent? 

Ajmekwillno  dovht  receive  all  the  information  he  desires  respecting 
the  Genealogical  and  Historical  Society,  upon  application  to  the  Secre- 
tary, Mr.  Seeve,  Jfo.  208.  Piccadilly. 

_  "Notes  and  Qoeribs"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (.inducting  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  lis.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
famnir  of  Messrs.  Beli.  and  Daldy, 186.  Fleet  Street,  E.C.;  to  whom 
all  Communications  for  the  Editor  shoulil  be  addressed. 

NOTES   AND   QUERIES: 

gt  Ptbiran  of  |nttr-Commanitati«tt 

for 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,   ANTiaUARIES, 
GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  4id.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.   183.  —  July  2nd. 

NOTES  :_The  Vulture  in  Italy,  by  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis _  Verategan's 
"Restitution"  — New  Catalozue  of  Shakspeoriana  —  Gleanings  from 
Writers  of  the  Seventeenth  Century,  lUuttrative  of  Proverbs, 
Words,  &c., 

Minor  Notes  ! —  Squaring  the  Circle  — Oxfordshire  Proverb  _  Bartho- 
lomew Thomas  Duhigg  — King  James's  Army  List -"Memoirs  of 
Gen.  Thomas  Holt  "  —  Provincial  Words  : "  Pishty,"  '•  Cess-here." 

QUERIES  :  —Abigail  Hill,  by  H.  D'Aveney—  Zachary  Boyd. 

Minor  Queries  :  — Rev.  P.  Rosenhagen  :  his  literary  Reputation  — 
Family  of  Watson,  Yorkshire  —  Lambert :  Geering  —  "  Urban,"  as  a 
Christian  Name  —  "Night,  a  Poem"—  Kandolpli  Fitz-Eustace  — 
Mrs.  Jane  Marshall  —  Publishing  before  the  Invention  of  Printing  — 
Heraldic  Query  _  Ephraim  Pratt  —  Tlielusson  the  Banker  at  Paris 

—  Robert  Emmett's  Rebellion  in  181)3 —  Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Ar- 
magh— Arms  of  John  de  Bohun—  Antient  Portrait,  &c. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  —  *'  Horos  Subsecivaj,"  by  Lord  Chan- 
dos,  1620  —  Woodroof —  Edwards'  "  Paliemon  and  Arcyte  "  —  Edward 
Wright  —"Odcombyan"— Edward  Chandler,  Bishop  of  Durham. 

REPLIES  :  — Ghost  Stories —Attack  on  the  Sorbonne  —  Price  of 
Bibles. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  : —"Signa  "  of  Battel  Abbey— Queen 
Anne's  Churches  —  Barrymore  and  the  Du  Barrys  —  Cromwell's 
Children  —  The  Cromwellian  Edition  of  Gwillim's  Heraldry— The 
Arrows  of  Harrow  — Vergubretus,  &c.  —  Smoktrs —Guns,  when  first 
used  in  India  —  "  The  Bells  were  rung  Backwards  "  —  Sale  of  Villeins 

—  Knights  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell  —  Soala  Cell  — "  History  of 
Judas,"  &c. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES  :  _ 

First  Scries,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  6?.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  37.  13».  6d.  cloth  ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 


2''dS.  VIII.  Jolt  16. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


41 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  16.  1859. 


N».  185.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  -  —  Archbishop  T.eishton's  Works,  41  —faxton  :  Pinson,  &c. 
bv  B  H.  Cowper.44— RobKerandtheFashionsof  17I9.45--1  robntion 
Lists  of  vlercliant  Taylors'  School,  by  Rev.  Charle<  J.  Robinson,  M.  A . 
lb  —  Henry  IV.,  hy  Philip  Phillipson,  lb.  —  A  Mus^'Ulman  s  \  lew  of 
iCneiand  :  A  Fragment,  47  — Andrew  Marvell's  Letter  to  John  Mil- 
ton, by  CI.  Hopper,  76. 

Minor  Notes  :_  Gat-toothed  —  Nomination  of  a  Member  of  Parlia- 
ment by  a  Bishop  _  A  Snuff  box  of  the  First  Napoleon —Dutch  GuQ- 
founts  for  a  Kins  of  England  in  1413  — Kiding-coat :  "Redingute  — 
Eliot  Warburton,48. 

QUERIES  :  —  Elizabethan  Poems  in  Sion  College,  49. 

Minor  •.Iukkifs  :  — Meanin?  rf  "Cadewoldes"  — Harpoys  et  Fysshe- 
ponde  "  —  Antiquities  at  Wrexham—  Nostrad»mu8  —  Miller's  "  Lec- 
tures on  the  Greek  Lancruage "  — "  Kem  aeu  tetisisti "-Irish  Stamps 

—  Chaltertoh  Manuscript  —  Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery  _  James 
Thomson  — Ad.  nborou^h—  Birth  and  Death-years  of  British  and 
American  Authors—  The  Pretender  — Saclieverell,  49. 

Minor  Queries  with  A nswfrs :  — Cardinal  Howard,  Sic  — "To  sleep 
like  a  top  "  —  Kev.  Richurd  l.ufkin  —Coal,  when  first  used  in  England 
for  Domestic  Purposes —  Elizabeth  Woodville,  S3. 

REPLIES  :  —  "  The  Style  is  the  Man  Himself,"  54. 

Repmbs  to  Minor  QrnRiEs  :  —  Fisures  of  King  Henry  VI.  — Herbert 
Knowles— Wife  of  Archbishop  PuUiser  — The  Gulf-Stream  and  Cli- 
mate of  England  _  Cromwell's  Ciildren—Catnlogue  of  Shakspeariana 

—  Barnstapli-:  Barum  —  Elizabeth  Long  _  Hill;    Harley;  Jennings 

—  Spicial  Licences— John  Jones- Aldrynton,  &c.,55. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


ARCHBISHOP    LEIGHTON's    WORKS.     " 

Few  men  have  been  so  loved  and  honoured  by 
all  who  knew  them  as  the  saintly  Robert  Leigh- 
TON !  "And  indeed  our  Author  go  lives  in  his 
Works"  (to  use  the  e.xpression  of  Dr.  Fall,  his 
first  editor),  that  he  still  inspires  a  personal  re- 
gard, and  fascinates  alilce  a  Burnet  and  a  Cole- 
ridge.* 

Dr.  Fall  declares  :  — 

"  The  Author  was  the  deh'ght  and  wonder  of  all  that 
knew  him;  his  Thoughts  were  noble  and  hi.s  Expressions 
beautiful  ;  his  Gesture  and  Pronunciation  (peculiar  to 
himself)  had  a  Gravit}',  a  Majesty,  and  yet  a  Sweetness 
in  them,  that  manj'  severe  judges  have  often  said,  were 
bej'ond  all  that  they  had  ever  seen  at  home  or  abroad." 
— Fref.  to  Eighteen  Sermons.  1G92. 

He  is  happy  and  thankful  to  be  among  the 
number  of  those  — 

"  Who  do,  and  must  own,  to  their  great  comfort,  that 
they  find  a  Sweetness  in  this  divine  Author's  Thoughts 
and  way  of  Writing,  peculiar  to  him,  which  make  these 
Scriptures,  thus  treated  by  him,  drop  sweeter  to  their 
Souls  than  Honey  and  the  Honej"-comb.      While    they 

*  Coleridge's  celebrated  (one  cannot  say  well-known) 
work.  Aids  to  Reflection,  Lond.  1824,  is  for  the  most  part  a 
Commentary  on  passages  selected  from  Leighton's  Works. 
See  also  Coleridge's  Notes  071  English  Divines,  Lond.  1853, 
vol.  ii.  pp.  120 — 144.  His  Notes  on  Leighton  commence 
thus : — 

"Surely  if  ever  work  not  in  the  Sacred  Canon  might 
suggest  a  belief  of  inspiration, —  of  something  more  than 
human,  —  this  it  is.  When  Mr.  Elw\-n  made  this  asser- 
tion I  took  it  as  the  hyperbole  of  affection ;  but  now  I 
subscribe  it  seriously,  and  bless  the  hour  that  introduced 
me  to  the  knowledge  of  the  evangelical,  apostolical  Abp. 
Leighton.     April,  1814. 

"Next  to  the  inspired  Scriptures  stands  Leighton's 
Commentary  on  the  1st  Epistle  of  St.  Peter." 

Who  was  "  Mr.  Elwyn  ?  " 


enlighten  their  Understanding,  at  the  same  time  they 
purify  and  rejoice  their  Hearts;  while  they  make  wise 
the  Simple,  they  convert  their  Soul."  —  Fref.  to  Com.  on 
St.  Feter,  1st  vol.  1st  ed. 

Dr.  Miles  writes  to  the  same  effect : 

"  There  is  a  spirit  in  Archbishop  Leighton  I  never  met 
with  in  any  human  writings;  nor  can  I  read  many  lines 
in  them  without  being  moved."  * 

Bp.  Burnet's  admiration  for  him  was  un- 
bounded ;  he  constantly  speaks  of  him  as  "  that 
anjjelic  man,"  or  "  that  apostolical  man  Leigh- 
ton ; "  and  records  that  he  "  was  accounted  a 
saint  from  his  youth  up."  I  may  extract  part  of 
the  portraiture  Burnet  has  given  in  the  Hist,  of 
His  own  Time  :  — 

"  He  had  great  quickness  of  Parts,  a  lively  Appreben- 
sion,  with  a  charming  Vivacity  of  Thought  and  Expres- 
sion. He  had  the  greatest  command  of  the  purest  Latin 
that  ever  I  knew  in  anj'  man.  He  was  a  master  both  of 
Greek  and  Hebrew,  and  of  the  whole  compass  of  Theo- 
logical learning,  chiefly  in  the  study  of  the  Scriptures. 
But  that  which  excelled  all  the  rest  was  that  he  was 
possessed  with  the  highest  and  noblest  sen.se  of  Divine 

things  that  I  ever  saw  in  any  man Ihere  was  a 

visible  tendency  in  all  he  said  to  raise  his  own  mind,  and 

those  he  conversed  with,  to  serious  reflection His 

Thoughts  were  lively,  oft  out  of  the  way  and  surprising, 
yet  just  and  genuine.  And  he  had  laid  together  in  big 
memory  the  greatest  treasure  of  the  best  and  wisest  of  all 
the  ancient  Saj'ings  of  the  Heathens  as  well  as  Christians, 
that  I  have  ever  known  any  man  master  of;  and  housed 
them  in  the  aptest  manner  possible." 

We  may  sum  up  all  criticism  on  the  works  of 
Abp.  Leighton,  with  Mr.  Pearson's  remark,  that 
"  There  are  not  many  theological  writers  in  whose 
volumes  are  more  of  '  the  Seeds  of  Things.'  " 

The  above  passages  may  suffice  to  show  that 
Leighton's  rare  merit  has  been  4ipprecialed,  and 
that  by  not  a  few  ;  and  yet,  strange  to  say,  there 
is  not  (so  far  as  I  am  aware)  a  really  satisfactory 
edition  of  his  Works  to  be  had.  Abp.  Leighton 
has  not  been  particularly  happy  in  his  editors 
from  first  to  last  —  from  Dr.  Fall  to  Mr.  Pearson. 
The  only  attempt  at  a  careful  editing  of  Leighton 
that  I  am  acquainted  with,  is  to  be  found  in  the 
second  edition  of  the  Eighteen  Sermons.  At  the 
same  time,  few  writers  stand  more  in  need  of  a 
careful  and  learned  editor,  —  and  that,  because 
none  of  his  MSS.  were  intended  for  tlie  press. 
His  diffidence  was  so  great  that  throughout  his 
lifetime  he  steadily  resisted  the  most  urgent  in- 
treaties  of  his  friends  who  importuned  him  to 
publish.     In  fact  — 

"  Some  words  that  dropt  from  him  occasionally,  some 
time  before  his  death,  against  the  publishing  of  his  papers, 
put  those  in  whose  hands  they  were,  under  no  small  diffi- 


*  Dr.  Doddridge,  in  his  Preface  to  Leighton's  Exposi- 
tory Works,  Edinb.  1748,  extracts  this  from  a  letter 
written  to  him  in  April,  1740,  by  "  The  Rev.  Dr.  Henry 
Miles,  F.R.S. ;  "  whom  he  styles  "  A  considerable  philo- 
sopher and  eminent  divine."  Query,  Who  was  this  Dr. 
Miles?  [A  dissenting  minister  at  Tooting.  See  Gent's 
Mag.  for  June,  1793,  p.  497.,  for  some  account  of  him, — 
Ed.J 


42 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2'>'i  S.  VIII.  July  16.  '59. 


cullies  what  to  do  with  them ;  till  they  maturely  con- 
sidered the  difference  there  ought  to  be  made  between  a 
settled  resolute  purpose,  and  an  humble  answer  to  a  ques- 
tion put  to  him  concerning  them." — Epistle  to  the  Header 
prefixed  to.  the  First  Edition  of  the  Sermons. 

Of  these  MSS.,  some  have  been  irrecoverably 
lost,  and  the  rest  have  been  published  at  different 
intervals,  from  1692  to  1808.*  It  may  be  con- 
venient to  give  here  the  title  of  the  received  and 
standard  edition  of  Leighton's  complete  works, 
viz.  Mr.  Pearson's  edition  : 

"  The  Whole  Wokks  of  the  Most  Reverend  Father  in 
God,  Robert  Leighton,  D.D.,  Archbishop  of  Glasgow. 
To  which  is  prefixed  A  Life  of  the  Author,  By  The  Rev. 
John  Norman  Pearson,  M.A.,  of  Trinity  College,  Cam- 
bridge. A  New  Edition.  In  Four  Volumes.  London : 
Printed  for  James  Duncan,  Paternoster  Row.  mdcccxxv." 

Mr.  Pearson's  bibliography  of  these  Works  is 
meagre  in  the  extreme  so  far  as  it  goes,  and  that 
is  only  as  far  as  the  year  1708,  after  which  he 
curtly  remarks,  "  The  later  editions  of  his  works 
are  sufficiently  known." — Vol.  i.  p.  clxxvii.  He 
does  not  even  give  any  account  of  the  editions  of 
his  immediate  predecessors,  Jermentf  and  Mid- 
dleton.J  Moreover,  Mr.  Pearson  gives  us  no 
clue  as  to  his  own  mode  and  plan  of  editing :  as 
to  whether  he  simply  reprinted  Leighton's  Works 
as  he  found  them,  —  and  in  that  case,  what  edi- 
tions he  followed;  or  whether  he  attempted  to 
revise  and  correct  them,  and  in  that  case,  how 
far. 

Dr.  Fall  was  the  original  editor  of  Leighton's 
Works,  and  very  carelessly  he  did  his  work.  The 
first  of  them  which  appeared  was  a  volume  of 
Eighteen  Sermons,  London,  1692.  8vo.  Dr.  Fall's 
Preface  is  an  excellent  one,  and  ought  to  be  re- 
printed in  any  'careful  edition  of  Leighton  ;  as 
also  his  prefaces  to  the  Comment  on  St.  Peter, 
Posthumous  Tracts,  &c.,  none  of  which  Mr.  Pear- 
son gives.§ 

One  of  my  chief  objects  in  writing  this  note  is 
to  direct  attention  to  the  second  edition  of  these 
sermons.     It  is  thus  entitled  :  — 

"  Eighteen  Sermons  Preached  by  the  Most  Reverend 
Dr.  Robert  Leighton,  formerly  Archbishop  of  Glas- 
gow. First  Published  in  1692.  At  the  Desire  of  his 
Friends,  from  his  Papers  written  with  liis  own  hand : 
And  now  Reprinted :  Wherein  all  obvious  Errors  of  the 
Press  are  amended :  Some  Notes  added  for  the  sake  of 
the  common  Reader :  And  an  Account  of  his  Life  pre- 

*  The  Lectures  on  the  First  Nine  Cliapters  of  St.  Mat- 
thew's Goapel  were  first  printed  in  Dr.  Jerment's  Edition 
of  the  Works  published  in  1805—1808. 

■j-  Leighton's  Whole  Works,  with  Life,  §t.,  hi/  Rev.  Geo. 
Jerment.  Lo7id.  1820.  4  vols.  8vo.  Jerment's  first  edition 
was  ill  5  vols.  8vo.  1805,  6,  8. 

J  Leighton's  Works  by  Rev.  Erasmus  Middleton.  I^ond. 
1818.  4  vols. 

I  have  never  seen  either  of  these  works,  but  thej'  seem 
to  have  been  completely  superseded  by  Pearson's  edition. 
Middleton's  first  edition  was  in  4  vols.  8vo.    Lond.  1805. 

§  Some  account  of  Dr.  Fall  is  given  by  Mr.  Pearson  at 
p.  civ.  The  Editor  of  Rivington's  edition  calls  him  ''  A 
Scottish  Divine  and  a  Prebendary  of  York," — P.  xvii. 


fixed.  With  an  Appendix  at  the  end,  containing  Expli- 
cations of  the  Disputed  Points  of  Justification,  Assurance, 
&c.  And  an  Index  of  the  most  material  things.  .  .  . 
London :  Printed  for  J.  Rivington,  in  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard. M.D.cc.xLV."  8vo.  pp.  347.  numbered,  and  pp.  57. 
unnumbered. 

Though  I  call  the  above  the  second  edition,  it 
would  appear  from  Dr.  Fall's  preface  to  the  1st 
vol.  of  the  Comment  on  St.  Peter,  printed  in  1693, 
that  the  Sermons  were  reprinted  either  the  same 
year  in  which  they  first  appeared,  or  the  following 
year  ;  — 

"  Thou  mayest  remember,  in  publishing  some  of  this 
Author's  Discourses  [i.  e.  the  Sermons']  about  t^vo  years 
ago,  a  promise  was  made,  that  if  they  happened  to  be  well 
received,  more  of  them  should  see  the  light.  The  gene- 
ral acceptance  they  have  met  with,  and  the  necessity  the 
Sooksellers  found  to  make  a  secotid  edition  (though,  by  the 
Printer's  oversight,  very  incorrect)  are  sufficient  grounds 
to  oblige  me  to  the  making  good  that  promise,"  &c. 

The  third  edition  of  the  Sermons,  if  I  mistake 
not,  is  thus  entitled :  — 

"  Abp.  Leighton's  Select  Works,  containing  Eighteen 
Sermons,  Exposition  on  the  Creed,  Lord's  Prayer,  and 
Ten  Commandments,  with  Ten  new  Sermons,  &c.  Edin- 
burgh.   Printed  for  David  Wilson,  m.dccxlvi." 

Dr.  Doddridge,  in  the  preface  to  the  edition  of 
Leighton's  Expository  Works,  published  by  D. 
Wilson  in  two  vols.  8vo.,  Edinburgh,  1748,  speaks 
of  the  third  edition  of  the  Sermons,  as  "  that  valu- 
able edition  of  them  published  by  Mr.  Wilson  at 
Edinburgh  two  years  ago,  in  comparison  of  which, 
nevertheless,  it  is  certain  that  neither  of  the  for- 
mer are  to  be  named."  By  this  it  is  evident  that 
Dr.  Doddridge  knew  of  only  three  editions  of  the 
Sermons  at  the  time  he  wrote.  So  I  must  make 
a  Query  *  with  regard  to  the  "second  edition" 
Dr.  Fall  speaks  of,  and  meantime  ignore  it  till 
better  informed. 

Wilson's  "  valuable  edition  "  of  the  Sermons  I 
have  never  seen,  but  have  good  reason  for  doubt- 
ing that  it  equals,  much  less  surpasses,  that  of 
Rivington.  This  latter,  which  I  call  the  second, 
is  indeed  a  valuable  edition.  In  it  we  can  see  at 
a  glance  both  the  text  as  it  stood  in  the  first  edi- 
tion, and  the  corrections  which  are  necessary ; 
obscure  passages  are  explained,  and  quotations 
verified  in  many  excellent  notes  ;  moreover,  there 
are  useful  prefaces,  &c.,  and  a  very  good  index. 
In  fact,  as  a  critical  edition,  it  will  be  found  indis- 
pensable. 

The  editor  of  this  edition  (whoever  he  bef) 
observes  of  the  Sermons  :  — 

"Ashe  [Abp.  Leighton]  did  not  publish  them  in  his 
lifetime,  so  we  may  presume  from  the  form  he  left  them 
that  he  had  no  thought  of  ever  letting  them  see  the  light : 

[*  In  a  fly-leaf  of  the  Commentary  on  St.  Peter,  1701, 
the  Eighteen  Sermons  are  advertised  as  having  been 
printed  in  1691.  The  edition  of  1692  would  thus  seem  to 
be  the  booksellers'  reprint  that  Fall  speaks  of] 

[t  It  is  ascribed  to  Wm.  Wogan,  Esq.,  of  Ealing, 
the  learned  commentator  upon  the  Proper  Lessons  of  the 
Church  of  England.     See  "  N.  &  Q."  1'*  S.  xi.  245.] 


2°'iS.  Vlll.  JuLvl6.'690 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


43 


it  appears  very  plainly  by  the  Composition,  they  never 
had  his  linishing  hand.  Whatever  inaccuracies  or  defects 
were  in  the  Original  Copy,  it  is  evident  they  have  been 
increased  by  the  mistakes  of  the  Transcriber  or  Printer : 
The  many  obvious  Errors  of  Words,  and  especially  in  the 
Pointing,  and  even  in  dividing  the  Paragraphs,  do  mani- 
festly prove  this.  But  still  the  Substance,  like  pure  gold, 
loses  nothing  of  its  intrinsic  value:  so  that,  with  all  their 
imperfections,  a  serious  and  attentive  Reader  cannot, 
in  its  worst  dress,  but  find  many  Beauties,  and  a  rich 
Treasure  of  Divine  Knowledge.  What  gave  the  Editor 
the  first  favourable  opinion  was  the  high  regard  which 
two  great  and  wise  men  *,  now  with  God,  always  ex- 
pressed for  these  Discourses.  The  very  frequent  perusal  of 
them  since,  and  still  discovering  some  new  Beauties,  and 
(through  Grace)  some  new  Instruction  and  spiritual 
Advantage,  put  him  upon  correcting  the  many  literal 
faults  (of  which  a  long  list  might  be  produced),  and  sup- 
plying such  defects  and  gaps  as  seemed  to  injure  the 
sense  or  break  the  connexion.  But  although  the  whole 
will  not  appear  with  that  advantage  which  the  Author's 
own  hand  would  have  given  it ;  yet  as  the  Book  is  grown 
so  very  scarce,  and  has  always  bore  a  high  Character, 
among  all  good  men  who  had  ever  read  it,  especially  as 
it  is  chiefly  levelled  to  oppose  some  unsound  Doctrines 
now  reviving  amongst  us,  it  is  hoped  that  the  present 
Edition  will  be  received  with  no  less  Favour  and  Appro- 
bation. The  Preface  to  the  First  Edition  will  speak  the 
rest :  To  which  are  prefixed  some  Extracts  from  the  Pre- 
faces to  his  Grace's  other  Works."  f 

Subsequent  editors,  taking  occasion  from  the 
many  errors  of  the  first  edition,  have  made  some 
unwarrantable  changes,  and  have  in  some  places 
corrupted  the  text  still  farther.  This  may  be 
seen  by  comparing  the  text  of  the  standard,  or 
Pearson  edition,  with  Rivington's  reprint  of  1745  : 

"  The  chief  Mourners,  the  Precentors  to  take  up  the 
Tune  of  these  Threnes,"  Serm.  vii.  p.  123.  Pearson  has 
themes,  vol.  iii.  p.  177.  "  Disgregate,"  p.  23. ;  Pn.  dissi- 
pate, p.  102.  "  Inordinacies,"  p.  32. ;  Pn.  corruptions,  p. 
109.  "  Ingrate,"  pp.  42.  69. ;  Pn.  ungrateful,  pp.  115.  219. 
"Moyling,"  p.  63.;  Fn.  turmoiling,  p.  131.  "Reduction," 
pp.  70.  289. ;  Pn.  restoration,  pp.  137.  296.  "  Superfice," 
p.  124. ;  Pn.  surface,  p..  177,  "  Elogy,"  p.  155. ;  Pn.  eu- 
logi/,  p.  200.  "  Peculiar,"  p.  156. ;  Pn.  prerogative,  p.  201. 
"  Persuasives,"  p.  165. ;  Pn.  motives,  p.  206.  "  By-past," 
p.  186. ;  Fn.past,  p.  123.  "  Evil  Tidings,"  p.  201. ;  Pn. 
evil  things,  p.  234.  "  Erabase,"  p.  215. ;  Pn.  debase,  p.  244. 
"  Poor  moment,"  t6. ;  Pn.  moment,  p.  245.  "Prejudicate 
differencing,"  p.  225. ;    Pn.  prejudicial  distinguishing,  p. 

251.  "A  verv  lovely  Song,"  p.  227. ;  Pn.  a  fine  song,  p. 

252.  "  Boggle\"  p.  255. ;  Pn.  bog,  p.  273.  "  Charactered," 
p.  259, ;  Pn.  characterized,  p.  276.  "  Greatened,"  p,  291. ; 
Pn.  aggravated,  p.  298. 

"  Xot  only  do  they  by  the  smell  of  his  Garments,  or  such 
imposed  Rights,  obtain  the  blessing." — Serm.  VIII.  p.  146. 

In  Pearson,  the  word  Rights  is  altered  to  rites, 
p.  193,  —  See  an  excellent  Note  on  the  passage  in 
Rivington's  edition. 

"  He  commands  thee  to  roll  thj'self  on  Him."  —  Serm. 
XII.  p,  218. 

*  «  Sir  R.  Southwell  and  Sir  F.  Philips.  The  last  of 
whom  often  expressed  his  desire  to  see  a  new  and  more 
correct  edition." 

t  The  few  uncorrected  errors  I  have  observed  in  this 
2nd  edition  are:  p.  117.  1.  2.  "casually"  for  causally;  p. 
156. 1.2."  is  "  for  are ;  p.  179. 1. 34.  «  and  a  combination  " 
for  and  NOT  a  combination  ;  p.  204.  "  strait  "  for  straight ; 
p.  205. 1,  1.  "  to  "  for  with. 


This  phrase,  taken  from  the  original  in  Ps. 
xxxvii.  5.,  occurs  before  in  the  same  Sermon,  p. 
209.,  and  also  in  Serm.  XXVI. ;  Pn.  p.  397.  But 
at  the  first  reference  it  is  altered  in  Pearson,  to  rely 
on  Him,  p.  246. 

"  The  most  [Hearers]  are  presentany  Mushroom  Chris- 
tiana ;  soon  ripe,  soon  rotten."  —  Serm.  XIII.  p.  227. 

Is  there  such  a  word  as  "  presentany  ?  "  It  is 
altered  in  Pearson  (p.  252.)  to  present,  which  does 
not  mend  the  matter  much. 

"  Humility  is  an  odoriferous  Grace,  it  is  a  decoring 
Grace,  and  adds  a  Kind  of  sweetness  to  all  other  Graces ; 
yea  it  serves  singularly  as  a  Character  [i.  e.  test  or  crite- 
rion] for  the  trial  of  the  truth  of  all  other  Graces.  As 
Balsam,  which  is  the  chief  of  precious  ointments  {Baal 
Shemin),  is  the  truest  and  best,  which,  put  into  any 
liquor,  goes  to  the  bottom ;  that  but  slight  [i.  e.  of  little 
worth]  which  swims  above.   So,"  &c. — Serm.  VIII.  p.  137. 

In  Pearson,  "  decoring  Grace  "  is  changed  into 
gracing  Grace ;  "used  to  be  tried  "  is  inserted  after 
ointments  (as  perhaps  is  necessary) ;  but  '*  Baal 
Shemin"  is  omitted,  pp.  186-7. 

From  the  Sermon  (XII.)  on  Psalm  cxii.  7.  I 
give  the  following  passage,  brackets  and  all,  as  I 
find  it  in  Eivington,  and  then  the  same  in  Pear- 
son :  — 

"This  Blessedness  ^is]  unfolded  [in  this  Psalm]  as  a 
rich  Landskip,  so  that  we  may  view  the  well  mixed 
Colours,  the  Story  and  Tissure  of  it.  [It  is]  the  whole 
Alphabet  in  Capital  Letters :  take  all  and  set  them  toge- 
ther, it  is  a  most  full  and  complete  Blessedness;  not  a 
Letter  wanting  to  it 

"The  first  words  fof  this  Psalm  are  very  remarkable; 
the}'  serve]  as  the  Inscription  [to  the  whole,  u/z.]  The 
Blessednesses  of  Man  :  Then  follow  the  particulars," 
&c.,  pp.  201-202.;  cf.  Note. 

"  The  blessedness  is  unfolded,  like  a  rich  landscape, 
that  we  may  view  the  well  mixed  colours,  the  story  and 
tissue  of  it,  through  the  whole  alphabet  in  capital  letters. 
And  take  all  and  set  them  together,  it  is  a  most  full  and 
complete  blessedness,  not  a  letter  wanting  to  it 

"  The  first  words  are  the  inscription,  The  blessedness  of 
that  man,  §-c.  So  the  particulars  follow,"  &c.  —  Pearson, 
pp.  234-5. 

In  Sermon  VI.  pp.  99-100.,  compare  the  pas- 
sage relating  to  Horace's  Rich  Miser  with  that  in 
Pn.  p.  159. ;  and  again,  with  regard  to  Horace's 
Just  Man,  the  words,  "  And  a  Heathen  could  say 
of  a  good  man,"  p.  207.  are  not  in  Pn.  p.  238. 
In  Sermon  XII.  p.  217.,  a  passage  from  Lucan  is 
given,  which  in  the  first  edition  was  erroneously* 
ascribed  to  Horace.  The  error  is  corrected  in  the 
2nd  edition,  but  not  In  Pearson,  p.  246.  A  little 
farther  on  a  similar  error  occurs,  Caligula  taking 
the  place  of  Adrian,  Pn.  p.  247.  In  Sermon  X. 
"  Concordia  discordia,"  an  erratum  of  the  1st  edi- 
tion, is  noted  in  the  2nd,  p.  164.,  but  repeated  by 
Pearson,  p.  206.  In  Sermon  II.,  p.  22.,  irapfyn<ria,  is 
omitted  in  the  modern  edition,  Pn.  p.  101.  Com- 
pare the  following  passage  with  that  in  Pearson : — 

"Thus  all  these  [conflicts]  do  but  increase  the  Vic- 
tories and  Triumphs  of  Love,  and  make  it  move  glorious. 
As  they  tell  us  of  [Hercules's  Mistress :]  her  multiplying 
labours  to  that  Champion,  [added  to  the  number  of  his 


44 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2»<i  S.  VIII.  July  16.  '59. 


Atchievements;  the  case  of  Christ's  Votaries  is  the 
same:]  They  are  not  only  Conquerors,  but  more  than 
Conquerors,  by  multiplied  victories." — Serm.  XVII.  p.  277. 

The  editor  observes  in  a  note  :  "  The  words 
above  insertetl,  or  words  to  the  same  effect,  ap- 
peared necessary  to  perfect  the  sense."  The  above 
passage  stands  in  its  original  obscurity  in  Pearson. 

It  will  suffice  to  compare  one  other  passage  :  — 

"  Here  is  the  best  Elogy  the  Apostle  will  bestow  upon 
the  best  of  natures,  [that  it  is]  Enmity  against  God. 
Nay,  all  the  sparkles  of  Virtue  and  Moral  Goodness  in 
Civil  Men,  and  Ancient  Heathens,  are  no  better.  Besides 
many  other  things  to  be  said  of  the  Virtues  of  those  Phi- 
losophers, their  Ignorance  of  Christ,  by  Whom  alone  this 
Enmity  is  removed,  [was  an  essential  Defect]."  —  Serm. 
IX.  pp.  1.55-6. 

"  Here  is  the  best  eulogy  the  Apostle  will  bestow  upon 
the  best  of  natures.  Enmity  against  God.  Naj',  all  the 
sparkles  of  virtue  and  moral  goodness  in  civil  men 
and  ancient  heathens  are  no  better ;  besides  many  other 
things  to  be  said  of  the  virtues  of  these  philosophers,  as, 
ignorance  of  Christ,  by  whom  alone  this  enmity  is  re- 
moved."—Pn.  p.  200. 

Abp.  Leighton,  as  Burnet  tells  us,  "  spent  some 
years  in  France,  and  spoke  that  language  like  one 
born  there;"  and  the  editor  of  Rivington's  edi- 
tion has  several  Notes  on  the  "Gallicisms"  to  be 
found  in  the  Eighteen  Sermons.  Thus,  at  p.  12., 
Trait  is  noted  as  a  French  word.  Johnson,  by 
the  way,  declares  it  to  be  "scarce  English"  in  his 
time;  and  even  though  now  completely  natu- 
ralised, I  cannot  find  it  in  Richardson.  Finesse 
occurs  in  Serm.  XIII.,  with  a  Note,  p.  229.;  and 
Tissure  in  Serm.  XII.,  p.  201.:  but  the  modern 
editions  read  Fineness  and  Tissue.  See  also  a 
Note  on  Diligences,  Serm.  XVIII.  p.  281.  I  give 
three  examples  with  the  Notes  at  length  :  — 

"  He  never  intended  to  banish  Sin,  but  to  retire  it  to  his 
innermost  and  best  room." —  Serm.  I.  p.  14. 

"  To  retire  it,  &c.]  The  verb  Retire,  in  an  active  sense, 
is  a  Gallicism ;  and  the  Author  abounds  with  such  French 
Idioms,  being  a  great  master  of  that  language ;  and  sig- 
nifies to  Harbour  or  Entertain,  according  to  that  French 
Phrase,  Retirer  chacun  chez  soy,  to  harbour  or  receive  one 
into  his  house." —  Note. 

Retire,  in  its  active  sense,  signifying  to  withdraw, 
is  again  used  by  Leighton  in  Serm.  XXXI. :  — 

"  I  will  retire  My  favourable  Presence  from  them."  — 
Pn.  p.  435. 

#  But  surely  it  was  an  established  English,  word 
long  before  Leighton's  time ;  Shakspeare,  Bacon, 
and  many  others  use  it.  Thus  the  latter  says  in 
the  Dedication  of  his  Essays,  dated  1597  :  — 

"  I  did  ever  hold  there  might  bee  as  great  a  vanitie  in 
refyring  and  withdrawing  men's  conceites  from  the 
worlde,  as  in  obtruding  them." 

"  The  Wisdom  from  Above  is  pure ;  this  their  Engage- 
ment to  Heaven  for  it,  excludes  vaunting  and  boasting." 
—  Serm.  1.  p.  15, 

"  Their  Engagement  to  Heaven  for  it.']  Another  Gal- 
licism, and  means  the  conscious  sense  thej'  have  of  their 
being  obliged  or  beholden  to  Heaven  for  it."  —  Note. 

"  If  all  our  love  must  go  to  God,  what  remains  for  our 


Neighbour?  Indeed  all  [must]  go  upwards,  and  be  all 
placed  on  Him  ;  but  from  thence  it  is  refunded  and  regu- 
lated downwards  to  men,  according  to  His  Will." — Serm. 
X.  p.  182. 

"  Rfgulated."]  Seems  to  be  a  coined  word  from  the 
French  recule,  which  signifies  derived  or  poured  down."  — 
Note. 

In  the  above  passage,  "refunded"  is  changed 
into  resounded  by  the  modern  editors.  (Pearson, 
p.  220.) 

"Interpretative,"  in  the  sense  of  declared, 
avowed,  occurs  in  Serm.  IX.  p.  156.:  "Practical, 
and,  (as  they  call  it).  Interpretative  Enmity." 

ElBIONNACH. 

(To  he  concluded  in  our  next.) 


CAXTON  ;    PINSON,    ETC. 

Looking  over  some  works  in  a  library  contain- 
ing a  good  many  specimens  of  early  printing  and 
a  few  manuscripts,  I  have  just  met  with  the  fol- 
lowing, of  which  I  think  a  Note  may  be  made.  A 
small  4to.  volume,  in  very  old  binding,  contains 
the  following  items  :  — 

1.  Octavo  Idus  Augusti  fiat  Servic.  de  tranS' 
figuracione  Jhesu  Xpi.  dni.  nostri.     This  consists 

of  ten  leaves  printed  in  red  and  black,  with  a 
figurative  representation  of  God,  &c.  at  the  be- 
ginning.    It  ends,  "  Caxton  me  fieri  fecit." 

2.  Feslum  dulcissimi  nominis  iesu  fiat  Septimo 
idus  Augusti,  consists  of  twenty-four  leaves, 
printed  in  red  and  black.  It  ends,  "  Per  m© 
Ricardura  Pinson."  A  blank  page  follows,  and 
the  last  page  is  occupied  with  the  monogram  of 
"R.  P." 

3.  Incipit  Augustinus  de  virtute  Psalmorum. 
Ten  folios.  A  device  of  Hercules  with  his  club, 
and  a  lion  on  a  shield  upon  the  last  page.  No 
printer  nor  date. 

4.  Alberti  Magni  de  virtutibus  Animce.  Thirty- 
two  leaves.  Ends  with  a  device  of  a  fortified  city. 
Text  is  followed  by  "Inipressum  Antwerpias  per 
me  Gerardum  leeu.  Anno  dni  M°cccc°lxxxix'', 
xiiij.  die  Mensis  Marcij." 

5.  Johannis  Nider,  de  Morali  lep?'a.  About 
ninety  leaves.  At  the  end  "  Impressus  per  me 
Johanem  de  Westfalia."     No  date  nor  place. 

Perhaps  some  of  these  items  may  furnish  sug- 
gestions for  a  note  or  two  from  some  of  your 
bibliographical  correspondents,  who  may  have 
some  information  concerning  these  tracts  which 
I  am  not  now  able  to  give.  I  have  no  doubt  that 
a  few  hours  in  many  similar  almost  unvisited 
collections  of  books  would  be  abundantly  re- 
warded. What  I  have  myself  already  met  with, 
both  in  print  and  in  MS.,  has  very  much  inter- 
ested me.  I  will  mention,  among  such  as  now 
occur  to  my  memory,  a  volume  of  Treatises  by 
St.  Augustine,  in  a  nicely- written  MS.  of  the 
tenth  century  ;  a  similar  volume  of  Origen's  Ho- 


2°*  S.'.VIII.  July  16.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


45 


milies  on  Leviticus  in  Latin,  followed  by  a  re- 
markable letter  from  one  French  bishop  to  another 
against  ordaining  presbyters  for  money.  A  small 
volume  of  the  thirteenth  century,  containing  a 
long  Poem  on  Alexander  the  Great  in  Latin  hexa- 
meters; a  poem  on  a  religious  subject,  attributed 
to  Ovidius  Naso!  sometliing  about  the  Theodosian 
Codex;  a  treatise  relating  to  the  Calendar;  a 
poem  on  a  similar  subject,  and  other  matters. 
A  volume  containing  MS.  lives  of  various  saints 
in  English ;  to  each  of  them  is  prefixed  a  few 
lines  in  rhyme.  A  small  volume  giving  sundry 
statutes  relating  to  the  Dean,  Sfc.  of  Hereford, 
given  by  Charles  L,  and  other  matters ;  two 
MSS.  of  the  Latin  Bible;  a  printed  treatise  in 
a  volume  containing  others,  stating  in  the  colo- 
phon that  the  work  was  completed  at  Paris  in 
1423,  which  requires  explanation.  Two  volumes 
of  the  Grans  Chroniques  de  France,  with  curious 
illustrations.  Book-covers  which  would  gladden 
the  heart  of  our  well-known  friend  in  Abchurch 
Lane,  &c.  &c.  Lest,  however,  my  Note  should  be 
metamorphosed  into  a  catalogue  of  the  store  to 
which  I  have  now  had  access,  let  me  in  conclusion 
express  a  hope  that  we  may  some  day  secure,  by 
means  of  a  parliamentary  commission  or  private 
enterprise,  a  catalogue  of  all  the  more  remarkable 
manuscripts  and  the  most  precious  printed  books 
to  be  found  in  this  country,  —  at  least  of  all  such 
as  are  not  personal  property.  We  are  here  far 
behind  our  French  neighbours,  but  it  is  not  too 
late  to  mend.  B.  H.  Cowpbr. 


BOB  KER  AND  THE  FASHIONS  OF  1719. 

While  the  Times  and  Punch  are  inveighing 
against  the  preposterous  bulk  of  the  fair  sex  of  our 
day,  allow  me  to  bring  to  the  notice  of  your 
readers  a  little  book  in  my  library,  to  show  that 
our  forefathers  in  the  reign  of  Geo.  I.  laboured 
under  a  similar  social  visitation.     Here  it  is :  — 

"A  Short  and  True  Discription  of  the  Great  Incum- 
brances and  Damages  that  City  and  Country  is  like  to 
sustain  by  Women's  girded  Tails,  if  it  be  not  speedily 
prevented.  Together  with  Robert  Ker's  Dedication  to 
those  that  wear  them. 

"  The  Dedication  of  this  Book 
Calls  for  Ten  Shillings  from  each  Hoop. 
Printed  in  the  year  1719.  " 

Mr.  Ker  was  a  small  prophet  in  his  way,  who 
wrote  divers  tracts  in  prose  and  verse  against  the 
Defections  of  the  Times,  —  in  religion,  politics,  and 
manners, — which  he  seems  to  have  hawked  about 
the  streets  of  Edinburgh  and  Glasgow.  His 
denunciations  against  ordinary  sinners,  and  the 
traitors  who  consented  to  the  Union,  appear  to 
have  fallen  harmless ;  but  poor  Ker  ventured  upon 
dangerous  ground  when  he  attacked  the  girded 
tails  of  the  ladies  :  the  incensed  dames  of  Glas- 
gow would  not  stand  this,  and  working  upon  the 


Nicol  Jarvies  of  that  day,  the  luckless  reformer 
was  incarcerated  in  the  Tolbooth  by  Provost 
Aird,  "  for,"  as  he  says,  "  decrying  against  their 
Women's  Pride  ; "  and  in  another  tract,  A  Missive 
Letter  and  Petition  to  the  magistrates  for  enlarge- 
ment, he  sharply  rebukes  the  authorities  for  their 
tame  submission  in  sacrificing  him  to  the  malice 
and  vanity  of  their  wives. 

Ker's  attack  is  in  both  prose  and  verse  — "  A 
Short  Discourse  of  Fashions  of  Apparel,"  in  the 
former;  and  "A  Poem  against  Farthing-gales," 
in  thejatter :  — 

"  Oh !  how  immodest  a  thing  it  is  to  see,"  says  the  in- 
dignant moralist,  "  so  many  women  with  Girds  at  their 
Tails,  that  men  are  put  to  a  difficulty  how  to  walk  in  the 
streets,  but  are  every  day  in  great  hazard  of  breaking 
their  shin-bones,  and  called  ill-bred  forbye.  And  more, 
if  a  man  were  upon  the  greatest  express  that  can  be,  if 
he  shall  meet  them  in  any  strait  stair  or  entry,  you  can- 
not pass  by  them  without  being  stopped  and  called  im- 
pertinent to  boot;  forbye  many  other  confusions  and 
cumbrances  that  are  made  both  in  churches  and  coaches 
and  everywhere  they  come." 

The  author  goes  on  to  say,  if  these  troublesome 
steel  tails  are  not  laid  aside,  churches,  doors,  stair- 
cases, carriages,  &c.  must  be  enlarged  to  admit 
their  monstrous  girded  fats.  Mr.  K.'s  poetry  is 
below  mediocrity.  Following  up  his  point,  he 
ungallantly  couples  it  with  a  wholesale  sneer  at 
the  sex :  — 

"  And  let  not  men  be  over-trod, 

With  snares  that  lie  now  in  our  rod. 

Women  to  men  have  been  great  snares, 

As  may  be  seen  in  former  days." 

Again,  — 

"  Oh !  the  great  sums  now  that  are  ward 
By  many  gentleman  and  laird, 
And  all  upon  our  women's  tails  : 
At  last  Death  will  bring  down  their  saih." 

But  enough  of  this.  Let  me  now  say,  in  justice 
to  Ker,  that  he  by  no  means  confined  his  refor- 
matory strictures  to  the  softer  sex.  There  lies 
before  me  also  — 
'  "  A  Glass,  wherein  Nobles,  Priests,  and  People  may  see 
the  Lord's  Controversies  against  Britain.  By  R.  K., 
Fewer  in  Gilmertoun.    Printed  in  the  year  1719  "  — 

in  which  the  shortcomings  of  all  classes  are  over- 
hauled in  his  peculiar  fashion;  but  I  fear  the 
moral  force  of  his  teaching  was  neutralised  by  the 
following  unhappy  admission  :  "  that  bitter  expe- 
rience is  the  best  teacher  of  fools,  among  which  I 
do  esteem  myself  to  be  inferior  to  very  lew  "  (!) 

J.  C/. 


PROBATION   LISTS    OF  MERCHANT  TATLOBs'  SCHOOL. 

I  have  been  recently  engaged  in  examining  the 
Probation  Lists  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  and 
I  think  that  the  results  of  my  researches  may  be 
interesting  to  your  readers,  while  at  the   same 


46 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>«»  S.  VIII.  July  16.  'biK 


time  tbeir  publication  may  assist  me  in  identify- 
ing the  names  and  obtaining  farther  information 
about  those  that  bore  them.  In  most  cases  the 
date  of  the  boy's  birth  is  given  in  addition  to  that 
of  his  admission  into  the  school,  but  the  earliest 
registers  are  generally  much  more  exact  in  this 
particular  than  the  later. 

I  give  the  names,  with  date  of  birth  if  contained 
in  the  registei",  and  append  a  few  notes  of  my 
own,  where  I  have  been  able  to  gain  any  inform- 
ation relating  to  them  :  — 

1.  Neheiniah  Eogers,  born  1593. 

(Afterwards  Sl.A.  and  Fellow  of  Jesus  Coll.  Giim- 
biidge.  Preb.  of  Ely,  1G36.  Deprived  in  1643. 
Died  at  Messing,  1660.) 

2.  Christopher")      -        -     b.  1593. 

3.  Gerrard        V  Gore    -    b.  1694. 

4.  William       J      -         -     b.  1598. 

(Sous  of  Gerard  Gore,  an  eminent  merchant,  and 
brother  of  Sir  Joiui  Gore,  Lord  Mayor  of  London, 
22  James  I.) 

5.  Sebastian  White,  b.  1591. 

(Probably  connected  with  Sir  Thomas  White,  the 
founder  of  the  school.)  . 

6.  Martin  Pindar,  b.  1594. 

(A  Sir  Paul  Pindar  was  born  in  1566,  and  died  1650. 
See  Stow,  b.  90.) 

7.  Thomas  Ducket,  b.  1594. 

(Perhaps  son  of  Sir  Thos.  Ducket.) 

8.  William  Quarles,  b.  1594 ;  and  John  Quarles,  b.  1596. 

9.  Nathaniel  Munck,  b.  1597. 

(One  of  these  names  was  patron  of  Little  Birch  in 
Essex  in  1608.) 

10.  Humphry  Shalcross,  b.  1595. 

11.  John  Hoare,  b.  1594. 

(Probably  uncle  of  Sir  Richard  Hoare.) 

12.  Humphry  Offley,  b.  1597. 

13.  Anthony   |  ^  _  •  |  b.  1597. 

14.  Cornelius  j  ^^'^^^  j  b.  1599. 

(Probably  connected  with  Bishop  Wren,  who  was 
also  at  M.  T.  S.) 

15.  Gore  Bond,  b.  1596. 

(Son  of  William  Bond,  an  eminent  mei'chant,  and 
cousin  of  Sir  William  Bond.) 

16.  Rowland  Swinnerton,  b.  1599. 

(A  name  well  known  in  civic  annals.) 

17.  Peter  Heylin,  b.  Nov.  1599. 

(He  appears  to  have  been  at  Merchant  Taylors'  for 
a  few  months  only.) 

18.  John  Evelyn,  b.  Aug.  11,  1601. 

19.  Eleazar  Spead,  b.  1601. 

(Of  the  family  of  the  Chronologist.) 

20.  Thomas  Juxon,  b.  Dee.  21,  1601. 
^     (Connected  with  the  Archbishop.) 

21.  George  Paulet,  b.  Feb.  14,  1603. 

22.  Roger  Heyrick,  b.  May,  1608. 

(Afterwards  Fellow  of  All  Souls',  Oxford.  He  was  son 
of  Sir  William,  and  brother  of  Richard  Heyrick, 
the  Presbyterian.) 

23.  William  Kennet,  b.  1589. 

24.  John  Heyling,  b.  Feb.  7,  1600. 

(Was  he  brother  to  Peter  IL?) 
25    William  Chillingworth,  b.  Aug.  8,  1602, 

(Was  this  the  great  divine?  I  am  aware  that,  ac- 
cording to  Wood,  he  was  born  at  Oxford  in  October 
1602,  and  not  as  above,  but  Wood  is  not  infallible. 
The  above  W.  C.  left  scliool  in  1615.  I  should  be 
glad  to  identify  him  with  his  great  namesake.) 
26.  William  Seagar,  b.  April  24,  1604. 
(Son  of  Sir  William,  Garter- King.) 


27.  James  Gresham,  b.  1599. 

28.  Matthew  Delaune,  b.  July  6,  1603. 

(Perhaps  grandfather  of  Dr.  William  Delaune,  Pre- 
sident of  St.  John's,  Oxford.) 

29.  Richard  Mulcaster,  b.  Aug.  1602. 

(A  son  of  the  eminent  schoolmaster  of  that  name.) 

30.  Nathaniel  Ward.  b.  Jan.  2,  1605. 

(Afterwards  Prebendary  of  Lincoln,  died  1668.) 

31.  John  AUington,  b.  Mar.  27,  1607. 

32.  John  Huit,  b.  Jan.  3,  1604. 

(Afterwards  of  Pembroke  Coll.,  Cambridge,  D.D., 
adm.  of  Oxford,  1643.  Executed  witli  Sir  Chas. 
Slingsbv  for  high  treason  on  Tower  Hill.) 

33.  John  Jacob,  b.  Dec.  2.  1606. 

(Perhaps  Sir  John  Jacob,  of  Bromley.) 
.-34.  Dudley       >phT<,  -fb.  June  10,  1610. 

35.  Chichester  j  ^°"'P^      "      (b.  Mar.  16,  ICil. 

36.  Richard  Ingoldsbv,  b.  Sept.  16,  1609. 

37.  Francis  Walwyn,'b.  1616. 

(Father  of  Dr.  Will.  Walwyn,  the  divine.) 

38.  Daniel  Oxenbridge,  b.  June  17,  1614. 

(Afterwards  of  Ch.  Ch.,  Oxford.) 

39.  Benedict  Honywood,  b.  Feb.  10,  1614. 

(He  was  fourteenth  child  of  Robt.  Honywood  and 
Alice  Barnham.) 

40.  William  Wollaston,  b.  1618. 

41.  Thomas  Atterbuiy.     (No  date  given.) 

42.  Tristram  Conyers,  b.  1619. 

(Afterwards  Serjeant-at-Law.  Of  an  eminent  fa- 
mily seated  at  Walthamstow.  Essex.) 

43.  William  Conyers,  b.  Mar.  8,  1622. 
(Afterwards  of  St.  John's,  M.D.,  brother  of  above.) 

44.  Thomas  Kenn,  b.  Sept.  24,  1621, 

45.  John  St.  Lowe.     (No  date.) 

46.  John  Redmayne,  b.  Nov.  1625. 

47.  Edward  Ouzley. 

(No  date  of  birth  given.  Admitted  into  the  school 
1638.) 

48.  Francis  Conyers. 

(Admitted  at  the  same  time.) 

49.  Edmund  Canninge,  b.  1630. 

(A  member  of  the  eminent  merchant-family  of  that 
name.) 

50.  Charles  Coquaine,  b.  1638. 
(Was  this  Alderman  Cockaine?) 

51.  Stephen  Bradshaw,  b.  1635. 

52.  Edmund  Lenthall,  b.  1633. 

53.  Francis  Lenthall,  b.  1634. 

(Curiously  enough,  these  three  names  follow  one- 
another  in  the  Probation  List.  Dr.  Good,  the 
Head  Master  from  1644.  was  suspended  in  1649  by 
Bradshaw  for  printing  Salmasius  Defensio  Regia.) 

54.  Richard  Pepys,  b.  1636. 

55.  Richard  Pep\'s,  b.  1643. 

(Qic.  B..\.  of  Pembroke,  Cambridge,  1662.) 
66.  Richard  Pepys,  b.  1721. 

I  should  add  that  none  of  the  foregoing  names 
are  given  in  any  history  of  the  school.  I  shall  be 
glad  to  "ventilate"  a  few  more  at  your  conveni- 
ence. Charles  J.  Robinson,  M.A. 

28.  Gordon  Street. 


HENRY    IV. 


There  are  many  sayings  and  doings  fathered 
upon  certain  persons,  of  which  they  are  either 
totally  innocent,  or  the  fact  has  been  misrepre- 
sented. From  being,  however,  so  often  repeated 
with    assurance,    and    no    trouble    having    been 


2»«S.VIII.  JULTie. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


taken  to  ascertain  with  what  degree  of  truth,  and 
upon  what  authority  the  assertion  was  in  the  first 
instance  made,  they  have  been  generally  received 
as  bond  fide  productions  of  the  individual  to  whom 
they  are  ascribed.  Of  this  description  the  words 
attributed  to  Henry  IV.  of  France,  "La  cou- 
ronne  vaut  bien  une  messe,"  is  a  case  in  point. 

It  is  current!/ repeated  that  the  king  made  the 
above  reply  in  reference  to  his  reconciliation  with 
the  Church. 

The  impression  which  would  naturally  be  made 
upon  the  mind  of  anyone  reading  for  the  first 
time  these  words  would  be,  that  the  king  had  ut- 
tered them  lightly,  and  with  the  intention  of 
insinuating  that  his  conversion  to  Catholicity  had 
been  more  the  effect  of  policy  than  conviction. 

Surely  this  would  not  have  been  a  very  wise 
course,  or  one  which  so  politic  a  monarch  as 
Henry  would,  under  the  existing  state  of  circum- 
stances, have  been  likely  to  have  pursued  ;  nor  is 
there  any  reason,  from  the  king's  subsequent  con- 
duct, to  suppose  that  his  reconciliation  with  the 
Church  was  not  sincere. 

In  the  Caqxiets  de  V Accouchee  another  version  of 
the  story  is  given,  and  which  would  appear  to  be 
the  correct  one  :  — 

"  Je  vous  s^ay  bon  gre,  dit  la  maistresse  des  requestes, 
de  parler  ainsi  h,  coeur  ouvert ;  car  il  est  vray,  la  hare 
sent  toujours  le  fagot,  et,  comme  disoit  un  jour  le  Due  de 
Eosny  au  feu  roy  Henry  le  Grand,  que  Dieu  absolve,  lors- 
qu'il  luy  demandoit  pourquoy  il  n'alloit  pas  ^  la  messe 
bien  que  lui :  Sire,  Sire,  la  couronne  vaut  bien  une  messe ; 
aussi  une  esp^e  de  connestable  donne  ti  un  vieil  routier  de 
guerre  merite  bien  de  desguiser  pour  un  temps  sa  con- 
science et  de  feindre  d'estre  grand  catholique." 

Here  the  reply  is  applicable,  and  coming  from 
the  mouth  of  de  Rosny  is  probable,  and  much 
more  reasonable  than  had  it  been  uttered  by  the 
king  himself. 

The  Caquets  de  T Accouchee  was  first  printed  in 
1622.  Henry  was  reconciled  to  the  Church  in 
1593 :  therefore,  allowing  the  longest  possible 
period,  this  relation  is  made  within  29  years  after 
the  words  could  possibly  have  been  spoken. 

What  I  wish  to  know  is,  whether  any  earlier 
authority  for  the  usually-received  version  of  the 
story  is  known  ;  and  if  not,  by  whom,  and  at  what 
date,  was  it  first  put  into  circulation? 

Philip  Phillipson. 


A   MUSSULMAN  S   VIEW  OF  ENGLAND  :    A    FRAGMENT. 

Among  the  most  amusing,  and,  if  read  aright, 
sometimes  not  the  least  instructive  literary  pro- 
ductions are  foreigners'  opinions  of  the  manners  and 
customs  of  our  noble  selves.  While  in  them  we 
frequently  find  plenty  to  gratify  our  self-love,  our 
foibles  and  weaknesses  are  often  laid  bare  before 
us  with  vigour  and  truth.  A  curious  fragment  of 
this  nature  now  lies  before  me,  which  has  all  the 


appearance  of  genuineness,  and  would  seem  to  be 
the  production  of  a  true  believer,  who,  I  take  it, 
was  about  to  proceed  to  Persia  in  the  train  of  Sir 
Gore  Ouseley,  who  had  been  appointed  ambassa- 
dor to  the  Persian  court  in  March,  1810.  I  am, 
however,  unable  to  give  more  of  the  history  of 
this  MS.  than  that  it  was  picked  up  in  some  street 
by  a  member  of  our  family.  The  orthography 
and  punctuation  are  copied  exactly  :  — 

" Coat,  Every  thing  Very  good  —  Sir  Gore  he 

tell  me  King  Charles  and  King  James,  I  say  Sir  Gore 
they  not  Muzzle  Men  but  I  think  God  Loves  them  Very 
much,  I  think  God  he  Loves  the  King  Very  well  for 
keeping  up  that  Charity  there  I  see  one  small  Regment 
of  Children  f  o  to  Dinner,  one  small  Boj'  he  say  thanks  to 
God  for  Eat  for  Drink  for  Clothes,  other  Little  Boys  they 
all  saj'  Amen ;  then  I  Cry  a  Little,  my  heart  to  much 
Pleased,  this  all  Very  good  for  two  things  —  one  thing 
God  very  much  please,  tAvo  things  Soldiers  fite  much  bet- 
ter, because  see  their  good  King  take  Care  of  old  wounded 
fathers  and  Little  Children,  Then  I  go  to  Greenwich  that 
two  Very  good  place  Such  a  fine  Sight  make  me  a  Little 
Sick  for  Joy  all  old  men  so  happy,  Eat  Dinner  so  well 
fine  House  fine  beds,  all  Ver}'  good,  This  Very  good 
Country  English  Ladies  Very  Handsome  Very  beautifull 
I  Travel  great  Deal  I  go  Arabia ;  I  go  Calcutta,  —  Hi- 
derabad,  Ponali  Bomba}-  Georgeia  Areminia,  Constanti- 
nople Gibralter,  I  See  best  Georgian  Circassion  Turkish  ; 
Grick  ladies,  but  Nothing  not  so  Beautifull  as  English 
Ladies  all  Verj'  Clever  Speak  French  Speak  English  Speak 
Italian  play  Music  very  well,  sing  very.  good,  very  glad 
for  me  if  Persian  Ladies  Like  them,  but  English  Ladies 
Speak  such  sweet  Words,  I  think  tell  a  Little  Stor3%  that 
not  A'ery  good,  one  thing  more  I  see  but  I  not  understand 
that  thing  good  or  bad.  Last  Thursday  I  see  some  fine 
Carriges  fine  Horses  Thousand  people's  go  to  look  that 
Carrige  I  ask  why  for.  They  say  me  Gentlemen  on  Boxes 
they  Drive  their  own  Carriges,  I  say  why  for,  take  so 
much  Trouble,  they  say  me  he  Drive  Very  well,  that 
Very  good  thing,  it  Rain'd  Very  hard,  some  Lord  some 
Gentleman,  he  got  Very  Wet,  I  say  why  he  not  go  inside, 
they  tell  me,  good  Coachmen  not  mind  get  wet  Every 
Day,  will  be  much  ashamed  if  go  inside,  that  I  not  un- 
derstand — 

"  Sir  my  Lord  good  night 

"  Aboo  A  L  Hassan 

«  9  Mansfield  Street, 

«'  May  19«h  1810." 
«  Tee-Bek. 


ANDREW    MARVELLS    LETTER   TO   JOHN   MILTON. 

In  the  year  1654  Milton  forwarded  to  Cromwell 
a  copy  oih.\s  Second  Defence  by  the  bearer,  Andrew 
Marvell,  together  with  a  letter,  the  subject  of 
which  does  not  transpire.  The  attention  of  the 
Protector  was  so  taken  up  with  a  despatch  for- 
warded by  the  same  messenger,  that  while  the 
latter  was  present  he  neglected  to  open  it.  In 
the  subjoined  epistle  from  Marvell  to  the  poet  we 
have  a  detailed  account  of  the  interview.  A 
former  letter  from  Milton  to  Cromwell  is  alluded 
to,  as  it  would  seem,  recommending  Marvell  to 
some  employment,  and  probably  similar  to  that 
written  to  Bradshaw,  preserved  among  the  State 
Papers.     This  letter  of  Marvell's  has  been  pub- 


48 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  Yiii.  jpLY  16.  '69. 


lished  in  Dove's  Life  of  Andrew  Marvell,  but  in 
such  a  mutilated  form,  that  I  am  induced  to  re- 
print it  from  an  attested  copy  of  the  original :  the 
words  in  Italics  being  the  omitted  paragraphs  or 
other  alterations.  It  would  seem  that  not  only 
the  Protector,  but  the  writer,  and  Mr.  Oxenbridge 
also,  had  presentation  copies  of  the  book  referred 
to.  This  Mr.  John  Oxenbridge  was  born  in  Da- 
ventry,  co.  Northampton,  Jan.  30,  1608;  was 
pastor  of  a  church  at  Beverley  in  Yorkshire,  in 
1664 ;  went  to  South  America,  and,  eventually, 
in  1669,  to  New  England,  where  he  became  pas- 
tor of  a  church  in  Boston,  and  died  there  in  1674. 

"  Honoured  Sir,  —  I  did  not  satisfie  my  self  in  the 
account  I  gave  you  of  presentinge  your  Book  to  my  Lord, 
although  it  seemed  to  me  that  I  "writ  to  you  all  which 
the  messenger's  speedy  returne  the  same  night  from 
Eaton  would  permit  me ;  and  I  perceive  that,  by  reason 
of  that  hast,  I  did  not  give  you  satisfaction  neither  con- 
cerninge  the  delivery  of  your  letter  at  the  same  time. 
Be  pleased  therefore  to  pardon  me,  and  know  that  I  ten- 
dered them  both  together.  But  my  Lord  read  not  the 
letter  while  I  was  with  him,  which  I  attributed  to  our 
despatch,  and  some  other  businesse  tendinge  thereto, 
which  I  therefore  wished  ill  to  so  farr  as  it  hindred  an 
affaire  much  better  and  of  greater  importance,  I  mean 
that  of  reading  your  letter.  And  to  tell  you  truly  mine 
own  imagination,  I  thought  that  he  would  not  open  it 
while  I  was  there,  because  he  might  suspect  that  I,  de- 
livering it  just  upon  my  departure,  might  have  brought 
in  it  some  second  proposition  like  to  that  which  you  had 
before  made  to  him  by  your  letter  to  my  advantage. 
However,  I  assure  myself  that  he  has  since  read  it,  and 
you,  that  he  did  then  witnesse  all  respecte  to  your  person,  and 
as  much  satisfaction  concerninge  your  work  as  could  be  ex- 
pected from  so  cursory  a  review  and  so  sudden  an  account 
as  he  could  then  have  of  it  from  me,  Mr.  Oxenbridge,  at 
his  returne  from  London,  will  I  know  give  you  thanks  for 
his  book  as  I  do  with  all  acknowledgement  and  humility 
for  that  you  have  sent  me.  I  shall  now  studie  it  even  to 
the  getting  of  it  by  heart:  esteeming  it,  according  to  my 
poore  judgment  (which  yet  I  wish  it  were  so  right  in  all 
things  else)  as  the  most  compendious  scale  for  so  much  to  the 
height  of  the  Roman  Eloquence,  when  I  consider  how 
equall}'  it  turnes  and  rises  with  so  many  figures  it  seems 
to  me  a  Trajan's  columne,  in  whose  winding  ascent  we 
see  imboss'd  the  severall  monuments  of  your  learned  vi^ 
toryes.  And  Salmatius  and  Morus  make  up  as  great^ 
triumph  as  that  of  Decebalus,  whom  too,  for  ought  I 
know,  you  shall  have  forced,  as  Trajan  the  other,  to 
make  themselves  away  out  of  a  just  desperation.  I  have 
an  affectionate  curiosity  to  know  what  becomes  of  Colonell 
Overton's  businesse.  And  am  exceeding  glad  that  Mr. 
Skj-nner  is  got  near  you,  the  happinesse  which  I  at  the 
same  time  congratulate  to  him,  and  envie  there  being 
none  who  doth,  if  I  may  so  say,  more  jealously  honour 
you  then, 

"  Honoured  Sir, 

"  Your  most  afifectionate  humble  servant, 
"  Andrew  Marvell. 
"  Eaton,  June  2nd, 

«  1654. 
(Addressed)    "  For  my  most  honoured  freind, 

John  Milton,  Esquire,  Secretarye 
for  the  Forrain  aifaires, 
at  his  house  in  Petty  France, 

Westminster." 

Cl.  Hopper. 


Minax  flattio 

Gat-toothed.  —  Have  you  had  the  following, 
which  I  think  will  help  us  to  understand  the 
expression  gat-toothed  ? 

"  I  pray  you  do  not  tell  it  unto  my  maister,  and  I  will 
never  call  you  hard-favoured,  wrinkled,  neither  tooth- 
gaper."  —  Hollyband's  Frenche  Littleton,  1566. 

It  may  be  gate -toothed,  as  wide  apart  as  the 
bars  of  a  gate ;  or  gap-toothed,  teeth  with  wide 
gaps  between  them,  an  unlovely  thing,  producing 
an  expression  of  coarseness.  G.  H.  K. 

Nomination  of  a  Memher  of  Parliament  hy  a 
Bishop.  —  The  following  are  extracts  from  the 
proceedings  of  the  corporation  of  Wells  on  the 
occasion  of  the  death  of  King  James  I.  and  the 
accession  of  King  Charles  I.,  when  a  new  parlia- 
ment was  summoned. 

\st  April,  1625  (meeting  of  the  corporation) :  — 

"  This  day  it  was  agreed  by  the  Company  abouesaid 
that  forasmuch  as  it  was  certainly  informed  of  the  death 
of  o'r  late  souraigne  Lord  Kinge  James,  who  dved  on 
Sunday  last.  That  therfore  the  Company  do  appoint  to 
meet  at  the  pallace  by  the  desyre  of  m)'  Lord  Buishoppe 
that  now  is,  to  take  such  further  direction  as  shalbe  then 
considered  of." 

The  corporate  body,  no  doubt,  went  to  the 
palace  according  to  appointment,  and  then  comes 
the  following  entry,  under  date  6th  April,  1625 : — 

"This  day  was  pclaimed  the  pclamacon,  that  the 
high  and  mighty  Prince  Charles  is  now,  by  the  death  of 
o'r  late  Souraigne  of  happie  memorie,  become  o'r  lawfull 
lyneall  and  rightful!  liege  Lorde  Charles  by  the  Grace  of 
God  Kinge  of  Great  Britaine,  France,  and  Irelande,  de- 
fender of  the  Faith,  &c." 

The  writ  for  electing  members  for  the  city  was 
received  from  Thomas  Windham,  the  sheriff,  on 
the  11th  April,  and  a  meeting  of  the  corporation 
immediately  convened  ;  the  following  notice  of  it 
is  recorded :  — 

"  Those  that  are  pposed  vnto  this  house  for  Burgesses 
of  the  pliament  for  this  Cittie :  — 

S-^  Edw.  Eodney.         (      M' Pawlett. 

S"-  Tho.  Lake.  |      M'  Henry  Southworth. 

"  It  is  agreed  that  the  Mayor,  w">  two  or  three  of  the 
rest  of  his  brethren,  shall  goe  vnto  my  Lord  Bpp,  and 
certifie  that  it  is  concented  that  his  Lo'pp  shall  com- 
raende  one  discrete  and  sufficeent  worthj'  Burges  to  s've 
in  the  next  P'liament,  w'ch  man  soe  by  him  tobenolated, 
the  Company  here  p'sent  will  make  election  of,  soe  that  he 
come  and  take  his  oath  of  a  Burges  for  the  observacoa  of 
the  Lib'tie  of  this  Cittie." 

The  election  took  place  on  the  22nd  April,  1625, 
when  Sir  Edward  Rodney  and  Sir  Thomas  Lake 
were  elected,  the  latter  being  the  bishop's  (Dr. 
Arthur  Lake)  brother  and  nominee.  Ina. 

Wells,  Somerset. 

A  Snuff-hox  of  the  First  Napoleon.  —  Perhaps 
the  following  may  be  found  worthy  of  a  "  nook  " 
in  "  N.  &  Q."    A  young  friend  of  mine,  Barry 


2»<i  S.  VIII.  JirtY  16.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


49 


O'Mara  Deane  (if  alive  now,  the  Rev.  B.  O'M. 
Deane),  who  was  connected  with  the  literary 
department  of  a  daily  paper  in  Dublin,  used  to 
show  me  and  his  friends  a  snuff-box  that  belonged 
to  the  first  Emperor  Napoleon.  Mr.  Deane  had 
the  box  left  him  by  his  uncle,  the  late  Barry 
O'Mara,  who  was  surgeon  to  the  emperor  at 
Saint  Helena ;  the  box  having  been  given  to  that 
gentleman  (along  with  many  other  things)  by  the 
emperor.  It  was  a  silver  box  of  rather  more 
than  an  ordinary  sized  snuff-box,  with  a  crown 
and  the  letter  "  N  "  on  the  lid,  and  was  the  last 
box  used  by  the  emperor.  It  will  be  remem- 
bered that  Surgeon  O'Mara  was  the  author  of  a 
work  called  A  Voice  from  Saint  Helena.  He 
made  special  bequest  of  this  box  to  his  nephew, 
who  after  some  time  relinquished  literary  pur- 
suits and  entered  the  Church.  He  married  a 
Swiss  lady,  and  went  to  reside  in  Switzerland, 
but  I  have  not  heard  of  him  for  a  dozen  years  or 
more.  Would  it  not  be  interesting  to  "note" 
things  of  this  description,  so  as  to  prove  their 
identity,  beyond  dispute,  in  time  to  come  ? 

S.  Kedmond. 
Liverpool. 

Dutch  Gun-founts  for  a  King  of  England  in 
1413.  — ;The  Archives  of  the  Realm  at  the  Hague 
contain,  amongst  other  interesting  documents,  the 
Grafelijke  Rekeninge  (^Accounts  regarding  the 
County)  of  August  23,  1413—1414.  In  these 
Accounts  we  read  under  the  head  Bodeloonen 
{Messenger's  Fees),  p.  99. :  — 

"  Item,  the  26th  day  in  augusto  1413,  sent  with  letters 
to  Utrecht  to  Gerrit  van  Vruethen,  the  gunmaster  (busse- 
meester),  ordering  him  to  betake  himself  without  delay 
to  the  Hague,  as  the  King  of  England  had  directed  his 
messenger  to  that  place,  commanding  him  to  found,  with 
this  Gerrit  af  Oresanty,  all  kinds  of  blunderbusses  {don- 
rebussen)  for  the  King's  behoof." — See  Tijdschrift  voor 
Geschiedenis,  Oudheden  en  Slatistiek  van  Utrecht  (Utrecht, 
N.  van  der  Monde,  1839),  vol.  v.  Part  II.  p.  433. 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 
Zeyst,  June  4.  1859. 

Biding  -  coat :  '■^  Redingote."  —  I  find  in  the  fa- 
mous Journal  de  Burbier,  the  time  fixed  when  the 
article  and  the  word  "Redingote"  were  intro- 
duced into  France.  Barbier  is  speaking  of  the 
Due  de  Gesvres.  This  nobleman  had  endeavoured 
to  enlighten  the  young  King  (Louis  XV.)  on  the 
misery  into  which  the  French  people  were  rapidly 
sinking.  The  minister,  the  Due  de  Bourbon, 
angry  at  this  interference,  sent  to  M.  de  Gesvres 
(without  the  knowledge  of  the  King)  a  lettre  de 
cachet,  ordering  him  into  exile.  The  banished 
Duke  pretended  to  obey  :  — 

"  But,"  sa3-3  Barbier,  "  he  put  on  a  Redingote  (a  costume 
which  comes  to  us  from  the  English,  and  which  is  now 
commonly  worn  here,  in  cold  or  rainy  weather,  and  par- 
ticularly for  riding  in  on  horseback).  He  ascended  to 
the  King's  chamber,  to  take  leave ;  threw  himself  at  the 
King's  feet,  and  expressed  his  great  sorrow  at  having 


given  his  Majesty  offence.  .  .  .  The  King,  who  did  not 
expect  to  see  him  at  court  in  such  a  dress,  and  astonished 
too  at  the  speech,  broke  out  into  a  mad  fit  of  laughter 
made  fun  of  the  Duke,  and  then  bade  him  go  and  dress 
properly,  and  return  to  court." 

The  date  of  this  entry  in  Barbier's  remarkable 
Journal  is  September,  1725.  J.  Doean. 

Eliot  Warhurton.  —  The  real  name,  as  I  am 
informed,  of  this  celebrated  and  lamented  author 
was  Bartholomew  Elliott  Warburton.  He  dropped 
the  first  name,  and  altered  the  second.    Y.  S.  M. 


«aucrtcjS. 

ELIZABETHAN   POEMS   IN    SIGN    COLLEGE. 

I  want  to  know  who  was  the  author  of  some 
poems  of  Queen  Elizabeth's  time,  of  which  there 
is  a  contemporary  MS.  copy  in  the  Sion  Colleo'e 
Library.     The  volume  contains  — 

1.  Venus  and  Anchises. 

"  Thissil  poore  ladd  whose  muse  yet  scarcely  fledged, 
Soft!}',  for  feare,  did  learn  to  sing  and  pipe, 
And  sitting  low  under  some  court  hedge. 
With  chirping  noyse  gauue  tune  his  noates  unripe, 
Sighing  those  sighs  which  sore  his  hart  did  gripe, 
Where  lovelie  Came  doeth  lose  his  erring  mayd, 
While  with  his  barkes  the  wanton  waters  playe, 
Which  still  do  stay  behind,  yet  still  do  slippe  awaye," 
&c. 

2.  Epithalamium. 

"  Hark  gentle  shephearde  that  on  Norwiche  plaines 
In  daintie  verses  sing  your  loves  desiring,"  &c, 

3.  Non  invisa  cano. 

"  Dumbe  swannes  not  chattering  pyes  do  lovers  prove, 
They  love  indeed  who  dare  not  say  they  love,"  &c. 

4.  Fishing  Eclogues. 

5.  Thelgon  and  Chromis. 

"  Th.  Chromis,  my  joye,  why  drop  thy  rajmie  ej'es. 
And  sullen  clouds  flagge  on  thy  leaden  browe," 
&c. 

6.  Thomasin  and  Thersill. 

7.  Algon,  Daphnis  and  Nicaea. 


J.  C.  J. 


Meaning  of  "  Cadewoldes."  —  Toll  was  taken, 
temp.  Edward  I.,  for  cadewoldes  brought  over 
London  Bridge.  I  am  somewhat  inclined  to  think 
that  a  kind  of  prepared  wool  is  meant :  perhaps 
some  of  your  correspondents  would  kindly  favour 
me  with  their  opinion  on  the  subject. 

Henry  Thomas  Riley. 

"  Harpoys  et  Fyssheponde." — Custom  was  levied 
at  Billingsgate,  temp.  Henry  III,  upon  certain 
articles  so  called.  It  seems  to  me  not  improbable 
that  the  fish-hooks  and  nets  with  which  a  fishing- 
vessel  was  equipped  are  meant ;  but  as  this  sola- 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2''<>  S.  VIII.  JcLY  16.  '59. 


tion  is  at  best  but  very  doubtful,  any  assistance 
rendered  me  on  this  point  would  be  thankfully 
received.  Henry  Thomas  Kiley. 

Antiquities  at  Wrexham. — Are  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents aware  of  the  existence  of  a  curious 
stone,  in  an  ordinary  stone  wall  at  Wrexham, 
Denbighshire,  bearing  the  date  665  ?  Some  have 
supposed  it  to  be  1665 ;  but  I  think  a  closer  in- 
spection would  remove  this  supposition.  Also,  I 
should  like  to  know  something  more  of  a  square 
ornament  over  a  doorway  in  the  same  town.  Two 
grotesque  figures  are  carved  upon  it,  and  the 
words  Ptolemy  and  Euclid  may  be  discerned  be- 
neath them.  The  whole  is  surrounded  by  a  cable 
moulding.  An  Enquirer. 

Nostradamus.  —  In  De  Vigny's  novel  of  Cinq 
Mars,  mention  is  made  of  the  following  prophecy 
of  Nostradamus  :  — 

"  Quand  bonnet  rouge  passera  par  la  feiietre, 
A^  Quarante  onces  on  coupera  la  tete, 
Et  tout  finira." 

Can  anyone  inform  me  by  what  kind  of  pun 
Quarante  onces  can  be  understood  to  mean  Ginq 
Mars  ?  It  is  easy  to  understand  the  rest  of  the 
prophecy.  F.  L. 

Miller  s  "  Lectures  on  the  Greek  Language.^^  — 
I  have  a  MS.  8vo.  volume,  written  probably  sixty 
years  ago,  by  the  late  George  Miller,  D.D.  (then 
a  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin),  and  entitled 
Lectures  on  the  Greek  Language.,  pp.  152.  Can 
you  inform  me  whether  any  such  lectures  by  Dr. 
Miller  have  at  any  time  appeared  in  print,  in 
whole  or  in  part?  His  edition  of  Longinus  de 
Sublimitate  (8vo.  Dublin,  1820)  is  held  in  repute. 

Abhba. 

^^  Bern  acu  tetigisti"  (From  the  Navorscher,  i. 
p,  54.)  —  In  Bulwcr's  Caxton  Family  the  words 
rem  acu  tetigisti  are  ascribed  to  Cicero,  as  if  ut- 
tered by  him  in  reply  to  a  Senator,  whose  father 
h^d  been  a  tailor.  Where  did  the  English  novelist 
find  this  ?  We  always  supposed  the  phrase  to 
have  originated  in  Plautus,  Rud.  v.  2.  17.  :  — 

"  Num  medicus,  quaeso,  es.'  La.  Imo  una  litera  plus 
sum,  quam  medicus.  Gr.  Tu  mendicus  es  ?  Za.  Tetigisti 
acu." 

Haan  van  Pythagoras. 

Irish  Sta7nps.  —  I  have  a  MS.  4to.  volume, 
richly  bound  in  old  scarlet  morocco,  beautifully 
written  on  vellum,  by  John  Bourke,  Esq.,  Re- 
ceiver-General of  the  Stamp-Duties,  Ireland,  and 
entitled  "  A  Collection  of  the  Impres.sions  to  he 
made  on  every  Skin,  or  Piece  of  Vellum  or  Parch- 
ment, or  every  Sheet  of  Paper,  in  manner  and 
form  as  hereinafter  expressed"  (Dub.  1774).*  This 
volume  contains  samples  of  Irish  stamps  from  6^. 

[*  According  to  Haydn's  Diet,  of  Dates,  the  stamp- 
duties  in  Ireland  commenced  in  1774. — En.] 


to  one  half-penny ;  and,  having  been  written  for, 
and  presented  to,  the  Commissioners  of  His  Ma- 
jesty's Revenue  In  Ireland,  forms  an  interesting 
document  in  the  commercial  history  of  that  part 
of  the  British  Empire.  Is  there  any  publication 
from  which  I  may  learn  particulars  of  the  history 
of  stamps,  more  particularly  as  connected  with 
Ireland  ?  Abhba. 

Chatterton  Manuscript.  —  I  wish  to  ascertain  if 
a  MS.,  in  my  possession,  in  the  well-known  auto-  . 
graph  of  Chatterton,  has  ever  been  noticed  by  any 
of  his  editors  ?  It  is  the  first  sketch  for  the  tra- 
gedy of  yElla ;  and  although  the  published  work 
is  extended  and  altered,  many  passages  are  verba- 
tim, particularly  In  the  "  Mynstrelles  Songe  bie  a 
manne  and  womanne;"  which  in  the  sketch  i.s 
headed,  "A  Shepherd  and  Shepherdess  act  and 
sing  the  following  dialogue  Song."  The  "  chai-ac- 
ters"  are  :  — 

"  Eldred,  Governour  of  the  Castle  at  Bristol. 

"  Celmonde,  an  Officer  under  him. 

"  Cornyke,  ditto. 

"  Elmar,  Attendant  on  Eldred. 

"  Magus  }Da"'"«'>I^^^^^'-«- 

"  Chief  Bard,  and  other  Bards.     (First  written  High 

Priest  and  other  Priests.') 
"  Knights,  Minstrels. 
"  Danish  Priests  and  Soldiers. 
"  Birtha. 
"  Egwina,  her  Friend. 

•'  Scene  Ij-es  partly  at  Bi-istol  and  partly  at  Wat- 
chette,  or  Weddecester,  in  Somersetshire." 

The  MS.  Is  written  on  one  side  only  of  twelve 
leaves  of  foolscap  quarto  paper,  with  corrections 
and  additions  on  some  of  the  opposite  pages.  The 
water-mark — Britannia,  a  lion  crowned  holding  a 
sword,  and  "Pro  Patria";  Interleaved  with  blank 
paper  of  the  same  water-mark  and  similar  tex- 
ture. This  MS.  exhibits  the  Interesting  fact,  that, 
In  the  first  composition  of  his  forgeries,  Chatterton 
did  not  fetter  his  imagination  by  using  an  anti- 
quated orthography.  H.  Owen. 

BoydeWs  Shakspeare  Gallery.  —  The  most  dar- 
ing attempt  to  found  a  school  of  historical  painting 
in  this  country  was  that  of  Alderman  Boydell 
with  his  Shakspeare  Gallery ;  and  yet  I  believe 
that  there  Is  no  one  single  specimen  of  the  pic- 
tures painted  for  that  collection  in  any  public 
gallery.  I  think  It  would  be  a  matter  of  Interest 
to  have  a  list  of  the  artists  he  employed  and  the 
subject  each  Illustrated.  A  list  of  this  nature 
must  exist,  though  I  know  not  where  to  turn  for 
it.  V.  H.  Q. 

James  Thomson, — Was  the  English  poet  Thom- 
son ever  married  ?     If  so,  to  whom,  and  had  he  . 
any  descendants  ?     And  can  any  one  furnish  me 
with  the  genealogies  of  his  eight  brothers  and 
sisters  ?     (Navorscher,  ix.  p.  162.,  Qu.  243.) 

De  Maccabeer. 


2"«  S.  VIII.  JutY  16.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


51 


Adenhorongh.  —  In  a  pamphlet,  entitled  Whig 
Reform^  London,  1831,  much  abuse  is  bestowed 
upon  the  leading  Whigs,  and  Sir  James  Mackin- 
tosh comes  in  for  his  full  share.    The  writer  says  : 

"  The  constituency  of  Adenborough,  at  which  Jamie 
affects  to  turn  up  his  nose,  is  almost  as  numerous,  quite 
as  discriminating,  rather  cleaner,  and  much  more  inde- 
pendent than  that  of  Knaresborough.  Adenborough 
w^ld  not  have  been  proud  of  such  a  mayor." 

This  probably  relates  to  something  which  Sir 
James  said  about  that  time,  but  I  cannot  find  it 
in  his  speeches.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
tell  me  when  and  what  he  said  ?  or  what  place  is 
meant  by  "Adenborough  ?"  E.  E. 

Birth  and  Death-years  of  British  and  American 
Authors. — Wanted,  the  precise  dates  of  the  births, 
and,  for  as  much  as  necessary,  of  the  deaths  of  the 
following  British  and  American  prose-writers  and 
poets,  viz. :  — 

C.  C.  Colton,  author  of  Lacon,  or  Many  Things 
in  Few  Words,  published  in  1820,  and  of  some 
Satires  ;  Washington  Irving  :  the  statements  about 
his  birth  differ ;  Pinnock,  author  of  a  History  of 
England ;  G.  Long,  the  translator  of  Tacitus ; 
W.  H.  Preseott,  born  in  1796  ;  W.  Carleton,  born 
in  1798;  F.  B.  Head,  Leigh  Hunt,  and  Barton, 
born  in  1784;  T.  Ilaynes  Bayley :  the  statements 
diverge ;  Wilson,  born  in  1789 ;  R.  Montgomery, 
about  whose  birth-year  my  informants  disagree ; 
Croly,  born  in  1790.  (Navorscher,  ix.  p.  130., 
Qu.  177.)  X2. 

TTie  Pretender.  —  C.  D.  E.  would  be  greatly 
obliged  by  any  information  respecting  the  au- 
thenticity of  a  tract  bearing  the  following  title  : 

"  Mrs.  Frances  Shnf foe's  Narrative,  containing  an 
account  of  her  being  in  Sir  Theophilus  Oglethorpe's  Family ; 
where  hearing  many  treasonable  things,  and  among  others 
that  the  Pretended  Prince  of  Wales  was  Sir  Theophilus' 
Son,  she  was  trickd  into  France  by  Sir  Theophilus's 
Daughter,  and  barbarously  us'd  to  make  her  turn  Papist 
and  Nun,  in  order  to  prevent  a  Discovery ;  but  at  last 
made  her  Escape  to  Suisserland,  and  from  thence  arriv'd 
in  England,  in  December,  1706.  London:  Printed  for 
H.  Hills,  in  Black-fryars,  1708." 

The  narrative,  which  is  very  minute  and  cir- 
cumstantial,, extends  in  small  type  over  22  octavo 
pages,  and  is  supplemented  by  an  affidavit  of 
Estiana  Rossir,  sworn  before  "  J.  Holt ; "  and  a 
certificate  signed  by  nine  of  the  justices  of  Nor- 
thumberland as  to  the  character  of  Mrs.  Shaftoe, 
who  "did,  about  the  space  of  18  years,  live  in 
the  town  of  Newcastle,  where  she  behav'd  herself 
Discreetly,  Modestly,  and  Honestly." 

The  Querist  would  also  be  obliged  by  being 
informed  of  the  titles  of  any  printed  books  where 
information  might  be  found  respecting  the  sub- 
ject-matter of  this  tract.  Bishop  Burnet,  in  the 
History  of  his  Oion  Time,  vol.  i.  p.  754.,  states 
that  Bishop  Lloyd  had  a  "  great  collection,  most 
of  them  well  attested,"  of  the  "  reports  that  were 


both  then  and  afterwards  spread  of  this  matter." 
Are  these  recorded  in  any  known  MS.  ?  Lloyd  is 
so  well  known  to  have  exhausted  every  subject 
to  which  he  applied  his  great  powers  of  investiga- 
tion, that  if  his  notes,  always  well  arranged,  on 
this  subject  could  be  found,  probably  little  more 
could  be  desired. 

Sacheverell.  —  Francis  Sacheverell,  "  Esq."  ob- 
tained from  King  James  T.  in  the  eighth  year  of 
his  reign,  a  grant  of  lands  in  the  co.  Armagh, 
and  amongst  others  of  Legacovry,  now  called 
Rich  Hill.  He  married  Dorothy,  one  of  the 
daughters  and  coheirs  of  Sir  John  Blennerhassett, 
Baron  of  the  Exchequer  in  Ireland,  by  whom  he 
iiad  two  sons,  Francis  and  Henry,  both  named  in 
a  deed  made  by  their  father,  8th  Oct.,  fourteenth 
James  I.  He  died  between  20th  May,  1637,  and 
21st  Oct.  1641,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  elder 
son,  who  died  30th  Jan.  1649,  leaving  an  only 
child  Anne  (born  in  1632),  who  afterwards  married 
Major  Edward  Richardson,  whose  lineal  descend- 
ants have  ever  since  been  the  owners  of  the 
Sacheverell  estates.  Mrs.  Richardson  survived 
her  husband,  and  died,  I  think,  in  1703,  leaving 
two  sons,  William,  who  married,  but  died  s.  p., 
and  John,  from  whom  the  present  owners  are 
descended.  Amongst  the  MSS.  depositions  in 
Triu.  Col.  Dublin,  concerning  the  rebellion  of 
1641,  are  two  giving  a  melancholy  account  of  the 
sufferings  of  Francis  and  his  brother  Henry,  with 
their  wives  and  children,  during  that  fatal  period. 
I  wish  to  obtain  infcymation  respecting  the  family 
descent  of  Francis,  the  elder  ;  the  wives'  names  of 
his  two  sons  ;  the  parentage  of  Sir  John  Blenner- 
hassett; and  the  name  of  John  Richardson's  wife. 

Y.  S.  M. 

De  Foes  Descendants. — I  shall  be  obliged  to  any 
of  your  correspondents  who  can  inform  me  who 
are  the  present  representatives  of  Daniel  De  Foe 
by  the  Baker  line.  The  Rev.  Henry  De  Foe 
Baker,  Vicar  of  Greetham,  Rutlandshire,  who 
parted  with  the  manuscript  of  Defoe,  "  The  Com- 
pleat  Gentleman,"  and  the  correspondence  of 
Henry  Baker,  De  Foe's  son-in-law,  to  Mr.  Daw- 
son Turner,  and  which  were  lately  sold  at  his 
sale,  was  living  in  1830. 

James  De  Foe,  in  favour  of  whom  as  a  male 
descendant  of  Daniel  De  Foe,  a  subscription  was 
raised  by  Mr.  Dickens  and  other  gentlemen,  died, 
it  appears,  in  May,  1857.  What  family  did  he 
leave  ? 

Are  there  any  other  known  descendants  of 
Daniel  De  Foe  in  the  male  or  female  lines  now 
living  ?  C.  iM. 

Knights  of  Yorkshire.  —  In  the  "Booke  of  En- 
trances "  made  at  the  first  Visitation  of  the  County 
of  Yorkshire  by  Robert  Glover,  Herald,  in  1584-5, 
there  is  a  list  of  the  knights  of  that  county  and 
their  arms,  under  the  following  title  :  —  "  Nomina 


52 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2'»«»  S.  VIIL  July  16.  '69. 


et  Arma  illorum  Equitum  de  Comitatu  Eboracensi 
qui  cum  Edwardo  Primo  Rege  Stipendia  mere- 
bant  in  Scotia  et  alibi." 

Can  you  refer  me  to  any  similar  List  of  the 
Knights  of  other  counties  of  the  date  of  1290  to 
1300  ?  N.  H.  R. 

Knights  of  the  Royal  Oak.  —  Collins,  in  his 
Baronetcy  (1741),  gives  the  names  of  787  knights 
of  this  order.  Pie  states  in  a  note  that  it  was  in- 
tended that  the  knights  of  the  order  should  wear 
a  silver  medal  with  a  device  of  the  King  (Charles 
II.)  in  the  oak,  pendant  to  a  ribbon,  about  their 
necks ;  but,  he  adds,  it  was  thought  proper  to  lay 
it  aside  lest  it  might  create  heats  and  animosities, 
and  open  those  wounds  afresh  which  at  that  time 
were  thought  prudent  should  be  healed."  It  ap- 
pears that  each  member  of  the  order  was  required 
to  possess  a  certain  amount  in  land,  and  the  value 
of  the  estate  of  each  knight  in  1660  is  annexed  to 
his  name.  Collins  states  that  he  obtained  "  the 
list  from  the  MS.  of  Peter  le  Neve,  Norroy,  now 
among  the  collection  of  Mr.  Joseph  Ames." 

Can  you  give  me  any  farther  information  rela- 
tive to  this  order  ?  I  do  not  remember  to  have 
read  of  its  establishment  in  any  history  of  the 
reign  of  Charles  II.  N.  H.  R. 

[See"N".  &Q."2°dS.  i.  455.] 

Marat  in  Edinburgh. — In  the  8th  edition  of  the 
Encyclopcedia  Britannica,  now  in  the  course  of  pub- 
lication, (vol.  xiv.  p.  294.),  it  is  said  of  the  noted 
French  revolutionist,  Marat —  the  victim  of  Char- 
lotte Corde — "  We  find  him  in  Edinburgh,  in  1774, 
supporting  himself  by  giving  lessons  in  French." 
The  same  statement  is  made,  but  less  positively, 
by  Lord  Brougham  in  his  notice  of  Marat.  And 
the  circumstance  is  alluded  to  by  Lamartine  in 
his  History  of  the  Girondists.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  supply  decisive  evidence  on  this 
matter  ? 

Lord  Brougham,  and  the  writer  in  the  Encyclo- 
padia,  mention  that  about  the  same  time  Marat's 
first  publication.  The  Chains  of  Slavery^  made  its 
appearance  :  I  observe  that  this  came  out  anony- 
mously in  London  in  1776.  See  Watt's  Biblio- 
theca  Britannica,  voce  Slavery.  The  title  is  very 
illustrative  of  the  author's  subsequent  history  and 
character  :  — 

_  "  The  Chains  of  Slaverj',  a  Work  wherein  ^e  Clandes- 
tine and  Villainous  Attempts  of  Princes  to  ruin  Liberty 
are  pointfed  out,  and  the  dreadful  Scenes  of  Despotism 
disclosed,  to  which  is  prefixed  an  Address  to  the  Electors 
of  Great  Britain,  in  order  to  draw  their  timelj''  Attention 
to  the  Choice  of  proper  Representatives  in  the  next  Par- 
liament." 

G. 

Edinburgh. 

Buratariana.  —  Some  time  since  a  Query  was 
inserted  as  to  the  authorship  of  this  political 
satire  (1"  S.  x.  185.),  when  a  correspondent 
kindly  promised  (ibid.  353.)  at  some  future  time 


to  communicate  particulars  as  to  the  writers  of 
several  of  the  articles  in  it.  That  promise  not 
having  been  fulfilled  *,  will  you  permit  me  to  ask 
from  some  of  your  Irish  correspondents  materials 
for  a  history  of  this  very  curious  volume  ?     M.  S. 

Ten  and  Tenglars,  vjhat  are  they  ? — In  the  ac- 
counts of  the  churchwardens  of  Eltham,  under 
the  date  1600,  is  the  following  charge  :  —        JHf 

"  The  carrying  the  great  bell  to  be  new  cast  Mr.  Morse, 
bell  founder,  dwelling  in  Whitechapel  without  Aldgate, 
being  agreed  with  all  for  5/.,  and  to  deliver  it  at  the  ■ 
weight  that  he  received  it,  that  was  9  hundred  and  a 
half.  And  at  the  receiving  of  the  bell  back  again  it 
weighed  3  score  and  7  lb.  more  than  it  did  before.  There 
was  3  score  and  3  lb.  at  8d.  the  lb.,  and  3  lb.  at  2s.  &d. 
the  pound,  being  called  ten  and  tenglars.  The  whole 
sum  is  .  .  .  .  .  .71.  10s." 

By  "  ten  "  perhaps  tin  is  meant ;  but  what  can 
"  tenglars"  mean  ?  It  must  have  been  something 
of  unusual  value  to  be  charged  at  2s.  6^.  per  lb. 
and  of  unusual  virtue,  when  3  lbs.  was  consi<lered 
a  sufficient  alloy  for  63  lbs.  Was  the  Mr.  Morse 
named  an  ancestor,  or  only  the  predecessor,  of  the 
present  celebrated  firm  of  Mears  at  Whitechapel  ? 

A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Royal  Chapel  of  St.  Matthew,  Ringsend.  —  Can 
anyone  tell  me  in  what  year  of  the  reign  of  Queen 
Anne  this  church,  situated  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Dublin,  was  erected?  At  what  cost?  and 
from  what  funds  ?  A  reference  to  Brooking's 
very  curious  "  Map  of  the  City  and  Suburbs  of 
Dublin,  and  also  the  Archbishop  and  Earl  of 
Meath's  Liberties,  with  the  Bounds  of  each  Parish," 
published  in  1728,  will  show  the  great  changes 
that  have  taken  place  in  this  neighbourhood  dur- 
ing the  last  century.  Trishtown  and  St.  Matthew's 
church  are  represented  as  almost  surrounded  by 
the  sea,  from  which  no  small  extent  of  ground  has 
been  since  reclaimed ;  and  the  desolate  appear- 
ance of  the  country  along  the  south-east  side  of 
the  bay  of  Dublin,  now  so  thickly  inhabited,  is  par- 
ticularly striking.  Sandymount,  Merrion,  Kings- 
town, and  others,  were  then  unknown.       Abhba. 

Bishopric  of  St.  David's.  —  In  the  year  1718, 
Adam,  Bishop  of  St.  David's,  made  a  return  of  all 
livings  under  a  certain  value  in  his  diocese,  with  a 
view  to  augmentation  by  the  governors  of  Queen 
Anne's  Bounty.  Unfortunately  the  bishop's  cer- 
tificate does  not  embody  the  most  important  and 
necessary  information,  namely,  the  source  of  the 
certified  income.  Any  information  as  to  the 
probable  depository  of  the  original  data  which 
governed  the  bishop's  return  will  be  thankfully 
received  by  A.  M. 


*  The  writer  of  the  reply  in  question  was  the  late  Rt. 
Hon.  J.  Wilson  Croker.  Mr.  Croker  probably  never  re- 
covered the  copy  of  the  Baratariana  alluded  to  in  his 
Note. 


Z-d  S.  VIII.  July  16.  »69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


53 


Minor  ^uetiti  tofft  ^nitotrS, 

Cardinal  Howard,  Sec.  —  On  a  former  occasion 
(2°**  S.  iv.  328.)  I  communicated  some  inscriptions 
in  the  church  of  S.  Marco  at  Florence,  and  I  now 
transmit  you  an  inscription  from  the  cloisters  of 
a  convent  adjoining  that  church,  hoping  some 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  favour  me  with  some 
information  of  the  person  commemorated:  — 

"F.  Filippo  Tommaso  Hovard  di  Norfolck,  Inglese, 
creato  Cardinale  da  Clemente  X.,  il  di  xxvii.  Maggio  al 
1675.     Viva  quest'  anno  mdclxxvii." 

A  p«(rtrait  of  this  Cardinal  Howard  is  affixed, 
who  it  appears  lived  in  the  time  of  our  Charles  II. 
There  is  also  another  Englishman  so  honoured 
named  Walter,  in  1304,  time  of  Edward  I.,  and 
an  Archbishop  of  Canterbury  in  1280.  This  last 
must  have  been  John  de  Pecheham,  or  Peckham, 
the  "Index"  of  whose  "register"  was  published 
in  2  vols,  by  Dr.  Ducarel  in  1756.  Delta. 

[Philip  Howard,  generally  styled  the  Cardinal  of  Nor- 
folk, was  the  third  son  of  Henry  Howard,  Earl  of  Arundel, 
who  died  in  1652.  He  was  made  a  cardinal  by  Clement 
X.  in  1675,  and  was  Lord  Almoner  to  Catherine  of  Bra- 
ganza.  Queen  Consort  of  Charles  11.  He  died  at  Home 
in  1694.  Our  amusing  diarist,  Samuel  Pepys,  paid  him  a 
visit  on  the  23rd  January,  1666-7 :  "  To  St.  James's,  to 
see  the  organ  Mrs.  Turner  told  me  of  the  other  night,  of 
my  late  Lord  Aubigney's ;  and  I  took  my  Lord  Brouncker 
with  me,  he  being  acquainted  with  my  present  Lord  Al- 
moner, Mr.  Howard,  brother  to  the  Duke  of  Norfolke ;  so 
he  and  1  did  see  the  organ,  but  1  do  not  like  it,  it  being 
a  bauble,  with  a  virginal  joining  to  it:  so  1  shall  not 
meddle  with  it.  The  Almoner  seems  a  good-natured 
gentleman :  here  I  observed  the  deske  which  he  hath 
made  to  remove,  and  is  fastened  to  one  of  the  armes  of 
his  cha^'re.  He  discoursed  much  of  the  goodness  of  the 
musique  at  Rome,  but  could  not  tell  me  how  long  mu~ 
sique  had  been  in  any  perfection  in  that  Church,  which  I 
would  be  glad  to  know.  He  speaks  much  of  the  great 
buildings  that  this  pope  [Alexander  VII. ],  whom,  in 
mirth  to  us,  he  calls  Antichrist,  hath  done  in  his  time."] 

"  To  sleep  like  a  fop."  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  what  is  the  derivation  of  the 
common  English  expression,  "  to  sleep  like  a 
top  ?  "  sxnd  has  it  any  connexion  with  the  French 
saying  "  Dormir  comme  une  taupe?  " 

E.  M.  Fodder. 

[We  sometimes  adapt  foreign  phrases  to  our  English 
vernacular  by  a  change  of  a  peculiar  kind.  For  foreign 
we  substitute  English  words  similar  in  sound,  but  very 
different  in  meaning ;  j'et  so  that  the  general  sense  of  the 
foreign  phrase  is  retained.  Thus  the  French  expression, 
"faire  un  faux  pas,"  becomes  in  familiar  —  perhaps  it 
should  be  said  in  vulgar  —  English,  "to  make  a  fox's 
paw,"  3'et  "still  with  .the  original  idea  of  committing  an 
indiscretion.  So  the  French  idea  of  sleeping  like  a  dor- 
mouse (taupe),  in  English  becomes  "sleeping  like  a  top;" 
the  two  phrases  being  alike  employed  to  express  pro- 
found sleep.  Some  have  derived  this  saying  from  the 
Italian  topo,  the  generic  name  applied  indiscriminately 
to  the  common  mouss,  the  field  mouse,  or  the  dormouse : 
hence  the  proverb  "  Ei  dorme  come  un  topo  ;  "  He  sleeps 
like  a  top!"  or,  "Dorme  come  un  ghiro,"  "He  sleeps 
like  a  dormouse !"  We  may  add,  that  topo  is  also  Spanish 
for  a  mole.] 


Eev.  Richard  Lufkin.  —  "  IT.  &  Q."  has  occa- 
sionally favoured  us  with  instances  of  longlived 
clerical  incumbents,  among  others  that  of  the 
Rev.  Peter  Cole  of  Hawkesbury,  near  Tetbury 
(P*  S.  xi.  407.)  ;  but  in  England's  Gazetteer,  by 
Stephen  Whatley,  Lond.  1751,  vol.  ii.,  there  is  a 
remarkable  instance  of  a  rector,  not  only  holding 
a  benefice  for  a  long  period,  but  attaining  a  most 
amazing  age,  as  appears  from  the  following  ex- 
tract :  — 

"Ufford,  Suffolk,  near  Woodbridge.  Richard  Lufkin 
was  rector  of  this  parish  67  j'ears,  and  buried  in  1678, 
a3tat.  Ill,  having  preached  the  Sunday  before  he  died." 
I  shall  be  obliged  to  any  reader  of  your  miscel- 
lany who  will  give  me  some  particulars  of  the 
Rev.  Richard  Lufkin,  confirmatory,  jf  he  can,  of 
this  statement.  <!>. 

Richmond,  Surrey. 

[The  Rev.  Richard  Lufkin  was  inducted  to  the  Rectory 
of  Ufford  in  1621, ;' and  held  the  living  fbr  fifty-seven 
years,  except  that  in  the  time  of  the  Great  Rebellion 
he  was  sequestered,  and  one  Isaac  Wells,  a  true  blue  Pro- 
testant, served  the  cure.  Mr.  Lufkin  died  in  Sept.  1678, 
aged  110  years,  and  his  son-in-law,  the  Rev.  Stephen 
Kimball,  succeeded  him,  who,  having  continued  rector  for 
forty-four  3'ears,  died  Nov.  9,  1722. 

Master  bowsing  seems  to  have  found  plenty  of  work 
for  his  sacrilegious  hands  in  Ufford  church.  In  his  Jour- 
nal is  the  following  entry :  —  "  Ufford,  Jan.  27, 1643.  We 
brake  down  thirty  superstitious  pictures ;  and  gave  direc- 
tion to  take  down  thirty-seven  more ;  and  forty  cherubims 
to  be  taken  down  of  wood,  and  the  chancel  levelled. 
There  was  a  picture  of  Christ  on  the  cross,  and  God  the 
Father  above  it.  I  left  thirty- seven  superstitious  pic- 
tures to  be  taken  down^and  took  up  six  superstitious 
inscriptions  in  brass."  OT  Aug.  31,  1644,  this  Iconoclast 
pursued  his  work  of  destruction :  "  Some  of  the  thirty- 
seven  superstitious  pictures  we  had  left,  we  brake  down 
now.  In  the  chancel  we  brake  down  an  angel;  three 
Orate  pro  anima  in  the  glass ;  and  the  Trinity  in  a  tri- 
angle; and  twelve  cherubims  on  the  roof  of  the  chan- 
cel ;  and  nigh  100  Jesus-Maria  in  capital  letters,  and  the 
steps  to  be  levelled.  We  brake  down  the  organ  cases, 
and  gave  them  to  the  poor.  In  the  church  there  was 
on  the  roof  above  100  Jesus  and  Mary  in  great  capital 
letters,  and  a  crosier  staff  to  be  broke  down,  in  glass; 
and  above  twenty  stars  on  the  roof.  There  is  a  glorious 
cover  over  the  font,  like  a  Pope's  triple  crown,  with  a 
pelican  on  the  top  picking  its  breast,  all  gilt  over  with 
gold."] 

Coal,  when  first  used  in  England  for  Domestic 
Purposes. — In  An  Historical  Account  of  Charter- 
House,  4to.  1808,  p.  147.,  occurs  a  letter  from  Sir 
John  Haryngton  to  Mr.  Sutton,  dated  21st  Dec. 
1608,  in  which  he  says,  "I  will  provyde  yo'  lodg- 
ing at  Bath,  warm  and  clenly,  good  dry  wood  for 
yo'  fyre."  When  was  coal  first  used  in  England 
for  domestic  purposes?  Most  probably  it  was 
much  earlier  used  in  this  country  than  wood  for 
fires  in  kitchens,  furnaces,  &c.  W.  H. 

Oriental  Club. 

[Coal  was  first  discovered  and  worked  at  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne  early  in  the  thirteenth  century;  but  being 
supposed  prejudicial  to  health,  its  use  was  prohibited  in 
and  near  London,  A.r>.  1306.  According  to  Rymer's  Fadera, 


54 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»*  8.  YIII.  JuLT  16.  '59. 


it  was  first  made  an  article  of  commerce  from  the  North 
to  the  metropolis  in  1381  (4  Rich.  II.)  The  consumption 
of  the  mineral,  so  far  South,  must  nevertheless  have 
been  very  limited ;  for  we  find  that  in  the  time  of  Henry 
VIII.,  it  was  only  allowed  in  the  private  apartments  of 
"  the  king,  queen,  and  Lady  Mary."  (Vide  Archceologia, 
iii.  156.)  Coal  was  not  in  common  use  in  England  until 
the  reign  of  Charles  I.,  1625.  Consult  "N.  &  Q."  !»'  S. 
y.  513.  568.;  vi.  147.;  2nd  g.  yij.  24.  303.] 

Elizabeth  Woodville.  —  In  the  picture  gallery 
at  Hampton  Court  is  a  small  contemporary  por- 
trait of  Queen  Elizabeth  Woodville,  with  this 
inscription  upon  the  ledge  on  which  the  hands 
rest:  "Elizabeth  MuQnms  Grdmdrmrshi."  Can 
any  of  your  numerous  readers  enlighten  me  as  to 
the  meaning  of  these  words  ?  The  initial  letter  of 
the  last  word,  may  be  c  or  g  ;  the  last  letter  but 
two  is  like  the  letter  e  placed  upside  down.       Zz. 

[Elizabeth       MiiQnms        Grdmdr|mr|'3  |hi. 
=Elizabeth       Magnmi         Edvrdi|mr|&|hi. 
=EI)zabeth      Magnanimi    Edwardi  mulier  et  hasres. 

Observe  1.  ^  an  old  form  of  &.  The  Germans  still 
write   3t'  ^* 

2.  In  words  connected  with  the  Latin  haeres,  an  i  was 
sometimes  substituted  for  the  diphthong  se.  Thus,  in  old 
French,  iretg  (a  heritage),  iretaulement  (h^reditairement, 
haereditabiliter). 

3.  There  is  a  peculiar  reason  why  her  Majesty  should 
be  stj'led  the  hares  as  well  as  mulier  of  King  Edward. 
He  made  a  will  in  which,  "  with  man}'  affectionate  ex- 
pressions," he  bequeathed  to  her  "  all  the  furniture, 
jewels,  and  other  moveables  she  had  used  at  various 
places."  (Strickland's  Queens  of  England,  ii.  353.)  If 
she  knew  of  the  king's  intentions  before  his  death,  this 
may  account  for  her  being  styled  "  mulier  et  hseres,"  not 
"ri'rfua  et  haeres."]  • 


"the  style  is  the  man  himself." 
(2"<»  S.  vi.  308.;  vii.  502.;  viii.  37.) 

The  object  of  my  Note  on  this  dictum  was  not 
only  to  deny  its  fitness,  but  also  to  show  that 
Buffon  was  not  its  utterer.  Exception  was  taken 
to  both  positions  by  the  Philadelphia  correspon- 
dent C.  J.  B.;  and  Mb.  J.  Macray  somewhat 
authoritatively  now  pronounces  for  the  Philadel- 
phian  "  vindication."  Nevertheless  I  am  com- 
pelled to  believe  that  BufFon  himself  never  uttered 
nor  wrote  that  dictum,  and  that  nothing  but  "le 
style  est  de  Vhomme "  can  accord  with  the  passage. 
Here  is  the  whole  paragraph  :  — 

"  Les  ouvrages  bien  ecrits  seront  les  seuls  qui  passeront 
k  la  posterity  La  quantity  des  connaissances,  la  singu- 
larite  des  faits,  la  nouveaut^  meme  des  decouvertes  ne 
sont  pas  de  surs  garants  de  I'immortalite ;  si  les  ouvrages 
qui  les  contiennent  ne  roulent  que  sur  de  petits  objets, 
s'ils  sont  ecrits  sans  goiit,  sans  noblesse,  et  sans  genie,  ils 
pdriront,  parceque  les  connaissances,  les  faits  et  les  de- 
couvertes s'enlevent  aisdment,  se  transportent,  et  gagnent 
meme  h,  etre  mis  en  oeuvre  par  des  mains  habiles.  Ces 
choses  sont  hors  de  Vhomme ; — le  style  est  de  Phomme  meme. 
Le  style  ne  peut  done  ni  s'enlever,  ni  se  transporter,  ni 
b'alterer,"  &c.  &c. 


Here  is,  evidently,  as  before  pointed  out,  a 
contradistinction  between  the  subject  and  its  treat- 
mejit  by  the  writer.  The  whole  of  the  continu- 
ation insists  upon  the  necessity  that  the  writer 
must  be  able  to  adapt  his  style  to  the  subject  — 
embracing  it  at  all  points  : — Uii  beau  style  n'est  tel, 
en  effet,  que  par  le  nombre  injini  des  verites  qiCU 
presente.  His  meaning  is,  that  the  subject  alone 
will  be  no  guarantee  of  immortality  to  the  writer: 
this  depends  entirely  upon  his  treatment  of  it,  and 
must  result  from  his  adequate  genius: — Le  style 
ne  peut  done  ni  s'enlever,  ni  se  transporter,  ni  s'en- 
lever ;  —  s'il  est  Sieve,  noble,  sublime,  Vautewr  sera 
egalement  admire  dans  tons  les  terns. 

Is  there  the  slightest  ground  in  the  passage  to 
uphold  the  idea  conveyed  by  the  dictum,  "  the 
style  is  the  man  himself?"  If  this  means  any- 
thing, as  applied  in  the  original  paragraph  to  which 
I  drew  attention,  it  means  that  an  author's  style 
is  the  very  representative  of  the  man  himself; 
so  that  in  reading  his  book  we  cannot  be  mistaken 
in  the  "  what  manner  of  a  man  "  he  is,  and  this  too 
in  the  face  of  the  notorious  fact  of  almost  con- 
stant disappointment  in  the  estimate  we  have 
made  of  the  men  whose  works  we  have  admired. 
Undoubtedly  there  are  and  have  been  forceful 
characters  who  write  as  they  speak,  —  speak  as 
they  write,  —  and  do  both  as  they  think,  unmis- 
takeably  ;  —  but  even  here  Buffon's  dictum  is  the 
only  true  expression  of  the  fact  —  le  style  est  de 
I'homme  —  style  results  from  the  mental  organisa" 
tion  of  the  man  himself. 

C.  J.  B.  says  that  "le  style  est  de  I'homme " 
"may  seem  an  obvious  truism,  unlivened  {sic)  by 
any  vivacity  or  sententiousness  (sic)  in  the  ex- 
pression of  it."  This  is  a  very  queer  phrase,  but 
I  pass  it  by,  and  farther  submit  the  opinion  that 
le  style  est  Vhomme  meme  is  not  good  French  — 
certainly  not  of  the  age  when  Buffon  wrote,  al- 
though it  may  pass  current  in  that  of  Flourens  — 
as  quoted  by  Mr.  Machat — in  its  present  degra- 
dation. Had  Buffon  spoken  or  written  it  he 
would  have  said  le  style,  c'est  Thomme.  Clearly  it 
was  but  a  printer's  omission  of  the  preposition  de 
which  suggested  the  thoroughly  modern  French 
concoction  —  "  The  style  is  the  man  himself." 
The  context  proves  that  Buffon  could  not  even 
say  le  style,  c'est  Thomme  meme. 

C.  J.  B.  upholds  his  opinion  by  quoting  Words- 
worth's dictum  that  language  is  "  the  incarnation 
of  thought."  I  submit  that  this  expression  is  even 
far  more  objectionable  than  the  one"  in  question. 
Cicero  advises  us  to  contemplate  our  tropes  and 
metaphors  before  we  adopt  and  apply  them.  Ap- 
ply this  phrase  —  translate  it  —  and  what  does  it 
say  ?  Why,  that  language  is  thought  "  made 
flesh  !  "  Is  it  not  a  monstrou^dictum  ?  And  is 
it  palliated  by  the  use  of  the  Latin  woi*d  "  incar- 
nation ?  "  It  is  akin  to  that  other  horrid  excla- 
mation  of  Wordsworth    to   the   Deity  —  "  Yea. 


2°dS.  Vlll.  July  16.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


55 


Carnage  13  thy  daughter  "  {Thanksgiving  Ode),  for 
which  he  was  twitted  by  Byron,  who  adds  in  a 
note,  "  This  is  perhaps  as  pretty  a  pedigree  for 
murder  as  ever  was  found  out  by  Garter-King-at- 
Arius  :  —  what  would  have  been  said  had  any 
free-spoken  people  discovered  such  a  lineage  ?  " 
(Doti  Juati,  canto  viii.  s.  ix.,  which  see.) 

The  absurd  tropes,  metaphors,  and  comparisons 
with  which  certain  modern  writers,  copying  an 
eminent  offender  in  this  line,  startle  us,  and  set 
our  hairs  on  end,  may  be  excused  on  the  plea  that 
they  sound  well,  if  they  signify  nothing  :  but  we 
mu=it  be  excused  if  we  decline  to  sanction  what 
we  cannot  understand,  and  refuse  to  adopt  what 
will  not  bear  examination.     Andrew  Steinmktz, 

P.S.  It  is  but  fair  to  state  that  Wordsworth,  in 
his  subsequent  editions,  suppressed  the  pedigree 
of  "  Carnage  "  as  above  given. 


Mtifliti  ta  Minav  akuttUi, 

Figures  of  King  Henry  VI.  (S""*  S.  viii.  33.)  — 
Though  I  have  not  met  with  the  figure  of  this 
king  painted  on  the  wall  of  any  church,  I  know 
instances  of  his  appearing  on  roodscreeus  in 
company  with  saints,  though  without  any  num- 
bers round  his  head.  At  Gately,  in  Norfolk, 
there  is  a  painting  of  him  on  the  south  side  of 
the  roodscreen,  with  the  inscription  Rex  Hen- 
ricus  VI.  Also  at  Ludham,  in  the  same  county, 
he  is  painted  on  the  north  side  of  the  roodscreen, 
next  to  St.  Edmund  K.  M.,  holding  a  sceptre  and 
globe.  Though  never  canonised,  he  was  much 
venerated  by  our  forefathers,  and  in  some  books 
of  Hours  there  are  prayers  in  his  honour.  There 
would  have  been  no  room  for  the  sneer  conveyed 
in  the  Latin  quotation,  more  worthy  of  Gibbon 
than  of  your  respectable  correspondent  G.  W.  W. 
M.,  if  he  had  considered  the  long  and  arduous 
process  of  canonisation,  and  that  the  subject  for 
canonisation  in  this  case  was  a  king,  as  well  as 
the  applicant.  F.  C.  H. 

Herbert  Knoioles  (2'"»  S.  viii.  28.)  — The  fol- 
lowing extract  from  a  local  guide-book  (to  ijtch- 
mond,  Yorkshire,  and  its  vicinity)  may  afford 
your  correspondent  H.  E.  Wilkinson  the  inform- 
ation he  seeks ; — 

"  Herbert  Knowles  was  a  poor  boy  of  the  humblest 
origin,  without  father  or  mother,  yet  with  abilities  suf- 
ficient to  excite  the  attention  of  strangers,  who  sub- 
scribed 20Z.  a  year  towards  his  education,  upon  condition 
that  his  friends  should  contribute  30/.  more.  The  boy 
Avas  sent  to  Kichmond  school,  Yorkshire  (theu  under  the 
able  management  of  the  late  Eev.  James  Tate)  prepara- 
tory' to  his  proceeding  as  a  sizar  to  St.  John's  College, 
Cambridge ;  but  when  he  quitted  the  school,  his  friends 
were  unable  to  advance  another  sixpence  on  his  account. 
To  help  himself,  Herbert  Knowles  wrote  a  poem,  sent  it 
to  Southey,  with  a  history  of  his  case,  and  asked  permis- 
sion to  dedicate  it  to  the  Laureate.    Southey,  finding 


the  poem  '  brimful  of  power  and  promise,'  made  inquiries 
of  Herbert's  '  kind  and  able  instructor,'  and  received  the 
highest  character  of  the  youth.  He  then  answered  the 
application  of  Knowles,  entreated  him  to  avoid  present 
publication,  and  promised  to  do  something  better  than 
receive  his  dedication.  He  subscribed  at  once  10/.  per 
annum  towards  the  failing  30/.,  and  procured  similar  sub- 
scriptions from  Mr.  Kogers  and  Lord  Spencer.  Herbert 
Knowles  receiving  the  news  of  his  good  fortune,  wrote  to 
his  protector  a  letter  remarkable  for  much  more  than  the 
gratitude  which  pervaded  every  line.  He  remembered 
that  Kirke  White  had  gone  to  the  University  counte- 
nanced and  supported  by  patrons,  and  that  to  pay  back 
the  debt  he  owed  them,  he  wrought  day  and  night,  until 
his  delicate  frame  gave  way.  Knowles  felt  that  he  could 
not  make  the  same  desperate  efforts,  and  deemed  it  his 
first  duty  to  say  so. 

"  The  poor  youth  promised  to  do  Avhat  he  could,  as- 
sured his  friends  that  he  would  not  be  idle,  and  that  if  he 
could  not  reflect  upon  them  any  extraordinarj'  credit,  he 
certainh'  would  do  them  no  disgrace.  Herbert  Knowles 
had  taken  an  accurate  measure  of  his  strength  and  capa- 
bilities, and  soon  gave  proof  that  he  spoke  at  the  bidding 
of  no  uncertain  monitor  within  him.  Two  months  after 
his  letter  to  Southey,  he  was  laid  in  his  grave.  The  fire 
consumed  the  lamp  even  faster  than  the  trembling  lad 
suspected." 

Knowles  died  February  17th,  1817,  aged  nine- 
teen years.  The  "  lines  in  Richmond  Church- 
yard, Yorkshire,"  were  written  October  7th,  1816. 
I  never  heard  of  any  other  poems  of  his  that  were 
published.  J.  F.  W. 

Wife  of  Archbishop  PalHser  (2"">  S.  v.  31.)  — 
The  Archbishop,  who  was  son  of  John  Palliser, 
was  born  in  Yorkshire  in  1645,  and  educated  at 
Northallerton.  He  entered  Trhi.  Coll.  Dublin, 
13th  Jan.  166a,  He'married,  first  (licence  20th 
Feb.  168^)  Elizabeth,  second  daughter  of  William 
Hoey,  of  Dunganstown,  co.  Wicklow,  Esq.  She 
died  20th  Sept,  1683,  and  was  buried  the  follow- 
ing day  at  St.  Werburgh's,  Dublin.  The  Arch- 
bishop married,  secondly,  Mary,  third  daughter 
and  eventually  co-heir  of  Jonah  Wheeler,  of 
Greenane,  Queen's  Co.,  Esq.  She  was  widow  of 
William,  son  of  Valentine  Greatrakes  of  Affane, 
CO.  Waterford,  Esq.,  and  died  in  June,  1735. 
Their  son  William  Palliser,  Esq.,  of  Ratbfarn- 
ham,  was  born  in  1695,  entered  Trin.  Coll.  Dublin, 
1st  July,  1709  (Ti'ot  1708,  for  like  the  college 
clock,  the  college  books  were,  and  for  aught  I 
know  are,  behind  the  age,  the  "  annus  academi- 
cus "  commencing  on  the  9th  July  in  each  year), 
and  married  (licence  27th  May,  1721),  Jane, 
eldest  daughter  and  co-heir  of  Lieut.-Colonel 
Mathew  Pennefather,  Accountant-General  of  Ire- 
land, but  had  no  issue.  His  wife  died  7th  April, 
1762,  and  he  himself  4th  Oct.  1768.  Y.  S.  M. 

The  Gulf-Stream  and  Climate  of  England  (2"'» 
S.  viii.  12.)  —  The  great  authority  at  present  on 
the  Gulf-Stream  is  Mr.  Maury,  who  in  his  work 
on  the  Physical  Geography  of  the  Sea,  ascribes 
the  mild  climate  of  England  to  the  Gulf  Stream. 
That  theory  was  ably  challenged  this  year  by  Dr. 


56 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2''<>  S.  VIII.  July  16.  '59. 


Stark  of  Edinburgh,  in  a  paper  read  by  him 
before  the  Royal  Society  of  Edinburgh,  and  since 
printed,  along  with  a  chart,  for  private  circula- 
tion. In  that  paper  Dr.  Stark  proved  that  the 
mildness  of  the  winters  in  Britain  was  not  de- 
pendent on  the  Gulf-Stream,  but  on  the  Anti- 
trade or  south-west  and  westerly  winds,  which 
are  the  prevalent  aerial  currents  during  winter. 
Dr.  Stark  also  showed  good  cause  for  believing 
that  the  Gulf-Stream  never  approaches  the  coasts 
of  Britain,  but  is  deflected  to  the  south  by  the 
strong  Arctic  current  which  encounters  it  to  the 
east  of  the  banks  of  Newfoundland.  The  writer, 
however,  showed  that  the  higher  temperature  of 
our  seas  is  kept  up  by  a  return  branch  of  the 
Arctic  current,  which,  having  got  its  temperature 
raised  as  it  crosses  the  Atlantic  in  warmer  lati- 
tudes, passes  to  the  north  along  our  western  shores. 
•We  are  led  to  believe  that  copies  of  Dr.  Stark's 
pamphlet  were  sent  to  many  of  the  public  libra- 
ries, and  if  he  has  still  spare  copies,  I  feel  assured 
that  any  public  library  would  receive  a  copy  were 
the  librarian  or  directors  to  apply  to  him  for  one. 

H.  M.  C. 
The  principal  authorities  are,  Humboldt  (Ex- 
amen  Critique,  ii.  250—257. ;  iii.  64—109.),  Ren- 
nell  {Currents  in  the  Atlantic)  ;  Wittich  {Phys. 
Geog.  i.  78—99.),  and  Maury  (Phys.  Geog.  of 
the  Sea).  The  last  work  is  reviewed  in  the  British 
Quarterly  Review  (July,  1859,  130— 152).  The 
long  prevalence  of  westerly  winds  recently  has 
had  a  tendency  to  bring  the  warm  water  of  the 
Gulf-Stream  in  greater  force  towards  the  coasts 
of  Europe.  {Phys.  Geog.  by  Lloyd,  p.  29.  L.  U. 
K.)  In  reference  to  climate,  the  effect  of  ice-fields 
must  be  considered.    (Wittich,  i.  59.) 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

Cromwell's  Children  (2"'^  S.  viii.  17.)  —  Your 
correspondent,  Cl.  Hopper,  states  :  "  Oliver,  bap. 
Feb.  6,  1622  ;  died  young  of  the  smallpox."  While 
J.  G.  Morten,  on  the  other  hand,  says  :  "  Oliver 
was  killed  in  battle  at  the  age  of  twenty-one." 
Might  I  ask  your  correspondents  what  are  their 
respective  authorities  for  statements  which  differ 
so  widely?  Libya. 

Salford. 

Catalogue  of  Shdksperiana  (2°*  S.  viii.  4.)  — 
Thanks  are  due  to  L.  A.  B.  W.  for  his  good  in- 
tention in  contributing  to  this  list ;  but  a  little 
more  caution  may  be  recommended  to  him.  He 
seems  to  have  consulted  no  authority  of  earlier 
date  than  Mr.  Halliwell  (1841),  and  to  have  in- 
ferred that  titles  which  he  has  not  recorded  had 
not  been  previously  noticed.  Mr.  Halliwell's 
plan  probably  was  to  extend  sound  criticism  in 
connexion  with  our  national  dramatist ;  and,  con- 
sequently, he  must  have  known  of  many  publica- 
tions to  which  the  name  of  Shakspeare  serves  as  a 


passport,  but  which  for  all  the  worthy  purposes 
of  literature  are  undeserving  of  notice.  Mr.  Wil- 
son's intention  was  different ;  and  his  plan  em- 
braced a  wider  range  of  publications.  Accordingly, 
L.  A.  B.  W.  will  find  that  — 

No.  11.  is  An  Essay  towards  fixing  the  True 
Standards  of  Wit,  §-c. 

No.  126.  is  Precious  Relics,  1796. 

No.  130.  is  Essays,  Src,  Exeter,  1796. 

No.  174.  is  Luders's  Essay  on  Henry  F.,  1813. 

But  it  is  still  more  important  to  notice  that 
lago  Displayed  is  in  no  respect  a  Shakspearian 
pamphlet.  It  is  a  libellous  allegation  of  certain 
malversations  in  the  War  Office,  the  adaptation  of 
the  names  of  lago,  Cassio,  and  Roderigo  to  the 
parties  concerned  being  the  only  apparent  con- 
nexion with  the  tragedy  of  Othello.  It  is  not 
worth  while  now  to  attempt  to  identify  the  real 
offenders.  The  effort  might  be  attended  with 
some  trouble,  as  the  pamphlet  is  without  date. 
I  presume  L.  A.  B.  W.  has  transferred  the  article 
from  some  catalogue  in  which  he  found  it,  without 
inquiring  farther  into  the  subject.  As  the  pam- 
phlet is  not  common,  he  might  thus  have  occa- 
sioned Shakspearian  collectors  an  anxious  search 
for  that  which,  when  found,  would  prove  worth- 
less. ■  R.  S.  Q. 

Barnstaple:  Barum  (2"'i  S.  vii.  467.  521.)  — If 
Mr.  Skene  should  happen  to  visit  Barnstaple,  he 
would  find  Barum  very  generally  inscribed  on 
carts  and  other  vehicles  belonging  to  Barnstaple, 
as  a  well-understood  name  of  the  town.  What- 
ever may  have  been  the  origin  oi  Barum,  the  use 
of  the  word  is  no  novelty.  Westcote,  in  his  View 
of  Devonshire,  written  in  1630,  and  published  by 
Dr.  Oliver  and  Mr.  Pitman  Jones  in  1845,  thus 
notices  the  two  names :  — 

"Barnstaple,  or  Barstaple,  is  a  very  ancient  borough, 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Taw,  and  thereof  ma}'  be  said  to 
derive  name.  In  the  British  speech,  Aber  Taw,  the 
mouth  of  the  Taw,  Leland  will  have  the  word  Barn- 
staple, a  chief  mart  town  upon  Taw:  others  will  deduce 
it  from  Barum  (the  ancient  name,  taken  from  the  bar  at 
the  river's  mouth) ;  and  Stapolia,  which  should  signify 
a  fair,  market,  or  place  of  trade  and  merchandising,"  p. 
294. 

X.  A.  X. 

Elizabeth  Long  (2°'*  S.  viii.  38.)  —  Elizabeth, 
the  sole  surviving  daughter  of  Henry  Long  of 
Shingay  (some  call  him  Sir  Henry  Long)  married 
Sir  William  Russell  (fourth  son  of  Francis  second 
Earl  of  Bedford),  Governor  of  Flushing  and  Lord 
Deputy  of  Ireland,  ultimately  created  Lord  Rus- 
sell of  Thornhaugh.  The  marriage  settlement  is 
dated  30th  May,  1583.  The  only  issue  of  the 
marriage  was  Francis,  who  became  fourth  Karl  of 
Bedford.  —  Collins's  Peerage  ;  Gage's  Thingoe, 
104.  184. ;  Wiffen's  House  of  Russell,  i.  506.) 

C.  H»  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 


2'»'»  S.  VIII.  July  16.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


Hill;  Hurley ;  Jennings  (2°*  S.  viii.  9.)  —  Per- 
haps  the  subjoined  table  will  satisfy  Mr.  D'Ave- 
ney's  inquiry,  and  also  show  how  Lady  Mashatn 
stood  connected  with  that  bitter  and  proud 
duchess  whom  (if  the  latter  is  to  be  believed)  she 
first  toadied  and  then  supplanted,  or,  as  might 
better  be  said,  toadied  only  to  supplant. 

Edward  Barley^Ablgail  Stephens. 


Sir  John  Jenninea.<: 


Sarah, D.  of 
Marlborough. 


—  Hai=Abigail  Harley. 


Mary=Edward  Hill. 

Abigail,  Lady  Masham. 


Edward 
Harley, 
Earl  of 
Oxford. 


If  this  pedigree  be  correct,  and  it  has  been  in- 
vestigated with  some  care,  Harley  was  Abigail 
Hill's  great-uncle.  If,  however,  the  Edward 
Harley,  son  of  Edward  and  Abigail  Stephens, 
was  his  father,  he  would  then  have  been  her 
father's  cousin- German,  while  the  Duchess  stood 
in  the  same  relation  to  her  mother ;  and  I  think 
I  have  heard  that  she  stood  in  the  same  degree  of 
relationship  to  both.  A.  B.  K. 

Belmont. 

Special  Licences  (2""*  S.  iv.  89.) — By  an  order 
from  his  Grace  the  tord  Primate,  dated  30th  Oct. 
1817,  special  licences  were  to  be  granted  by  the 
Judge  of  the  Prerogative  Court  to  the  persons 
following  only  :  — 

1.  Prelates  of  the  church  and  their  children. 

2.  Peers   and   Peeresses,  their    children    and 

grandchildren. 

3.  Privy  Councillors  and  their  children. 

4.  Members  of  Parliament  and   persons  who 

have  been  such  and  their  children. 

5.  Great  Officers  of  State. 

6.  Baronets  and  their  children, 

7.  Knights,  including  Knights  Companions  of 

the  Bath,  and  persons  having  an  honour- 
able appellation  by  patent  or  warrant 
from  the  Crown  for  services  performed. 

8.  Judges  Spiritual  and  Temporal  and  their 

children. 

9.  King's  (Queen's)  Counsel. 

10.  Deans  of  Churches. 

11.  General  Officers  and  Admirals. 

12.  State  Physicians  and  Physicians  and  Sur- 

geon-General. 

13.  Officers  of  the   King's  (Queen's)    House- 

hold. 

14.  Officers  of  the  Lord  Lieutenant's  House- 

hold, that  is  to  say  :  Private  Secretary  ; 
Chaplains  ;  Aides-de-Camp  ;  Steward  of 
the  Household ;  Comptroller  of  the 
Household  ;  Chamberlain ;  Gentleman- 
Usher. 

15.  Doctors  in  Divinity. 

This  order,  I  need  scarcely  say,  does  not  pre- 
vent his  Grace  granting  such  licences  to  any  other 
person  under  special  circumstances.         Y.  S.  M. 


John  Jones  (2'"^  S.  vii.  467.) — Your  correspond- 
ent G.  L.  S.  has  made  a  slight  mistake  as  regards 
the  publicati(m  of  "  Attempts  in  Verse,  by  John 
Jones,  an  old  Servant."  The  book  was  published 
by  subscription,  Southey  contributing  "  An  Intro- 
ductory Essay  on  the  Lives  and  Works  of  our 
uneducated  Poets,"  which  extends  over  168  pages 
—  more  than  one-half  the  volume.  In  winding- 
up  this  Essay,  Southey  makes  this  proclamation : 

"  Before  I  conclude,  I  most,  however,  in  my  own  be- 
half, give  notice  to  all  whom  it  may  concern,  that  I, 
Robert  Southey,  Poet  Laureate,  being  somewhat  ad- 
vanced in  years,  and  having  business  enough  of  my  own 
fully  to  occupy  as  much  time  as  can  be  devoted  to  it, 
consistently  with  a  due  regard  to  health,  do  hereby  de- 
cline perusing  or  inspecting  .any  MS.  from  any  person 
whatsoever,  and  desire  that  no  application  on  that  score 
may  be  made  to  me  from  this  time  forth." 

It  would  appear  that  John  Jones,  residing  at 
Kirkby  Hall,  near  Catterick,  applied  to  Southey, 
who,  in  the  summer  of  1827,  had  come  to  Harro- 
gate with  his  family,  for  leave  to  send  him  for 
perusal,  and  his  opinion,  a  book  of  verses,  which 
Southey  was  good-natured  enough  to  allow  him 
to  do.  The  result  was  that  Southey  recommemled 
their  publication  for  the  gratification  of  those 
"  gentle  readers "  who,  having  escaped  the  epi- 
demic disease  of  criticism,  are  ever  willing  to  be 
pleased.  \V.  H.  Logan. 

Berwick-on-Tweed. 

Aldrynton  (2"^  S.  vii.  455.)— The  deed  in  E.  B.'s 
possession  undoubtedly  refers  to  Aldrington,  now 
Alderton,  about  nine  miles  from  Chippenham,  in 
North  Wilts,  anciently  belonging  to  the  family  of 
Thomas  Gore,  Esq.,  the  Wiltshire  antiquary.  I 
have  now  before  me  a  fine  MS.  register  of  the 
old  title-deeds  of  Aldrington,  alias  Alderton,  in 
the  handwriting  of  Mr.  Gore  :  and  on  referring 
to  the  year  1393,  I  find  '■'■  Reyner's  Tenement" 
was  then  the  property  of  "  John  and  Isabella 
Hardyng."  Many  of  these  old  title-deeds  are 
still  in  good  preservation :  and  if  E.  B.  is  dis- 
posed to  restore  the  one  he  has  to  the  box  in 
which  it  must  once  have  lain,  his  courtesy  will 
be  duly  acknowledged  by  the  Rev.  J.  E.  Jack- 
son, Leigh-Delamere,  Chippenham.  J.  E.  J. 

"Night:  a  Poem"  (2°^  S.  viii.  11.) — Referring 
to  your  correspondent's  inquiry  as  to  the  author 
of  Night :  a  Poem,  I  recollect  such  a  poem  being 
published  in  Glasgow  upwards  of  forty  years  ago. 
I  cannot  speak  to  the  exact  year,  but  it  was  pro- 
bably in  1811.  The  author  was  a  Mr.  George 
Martin,  who  was  a  bookkeeper  to  Messrs.  Flem- 
ing and  Strang,  solicitors.  He  has  been  dead  for 
more  than  thirty  years.  I  was  not  aware  that  he 
had  published  any  other  poem  than  the  one  re- 
ferred to.  A.  D. 

Witches  worried  at  a  Stake  (2°*  S.  viii.  27.)-;- 1 
hope  I  do  no  injustice  to  Ache  in  suspecting  him 


58 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"»  S.  Vlll.  July  1G.  '69. 


not  to  be  aware  that  the  sentence  "  to  be  wirried 
at  a  steack  till  they  be  dead,"  &c.,  means  in  old 
Scotch,  "  to  be  strangled  at  a  stake,"  &c.  The 
worrying  was  merely  to  destroy  life  with  as  little 
pain  as  could  be,  previous  to  the  body  being 
burnt. 

The  Scottish  Criminal  Trials  published  by  the 
Maitland  Club,  show  that  what  Ache  calls  "  this 
barbarous  penalty,"  ^as  very  common  in  cases  of 
condemnation  for  witchcraft  in  Scotland.  Z. 

Pi'ovincial  Words  :  "  Pishty"  "  Cess-here  "  (2"''  ' 
S.  viii.  9.)  —  The  term  *^  pishty"  which  your  cor-  [ 
respondent  finds  employed  in  calling  a  young  dog,  I 
is  given  by  Hallivvell  in  a  more  general  sense  as  I 
"  a  call  used  to  a  dog,"  without  reference  to  age.  ! 
It  is  also  worthy  of  observation  that  a  dog  is  in 
Basque  potzoa,   and   a   bitch  in    German  Petze. 
Are  not  potzoa,  petze,  and  pishty  near  akin  ?     It  | 
is  possible  that  pishty,  even  if  originally  feminine  | 
from  petze,  may  in  time  have  come  to  be  used  in-  ' 
discriminately  for  any  individual  of  the  dog  kind, 
female  or  male. 

With   respect   to   the   expression    "  cess-here," 
used  in  inviting  a  dog  to  come  to  his  food,  cess  or  ; 
sess  is  a  call  to  feed,  and  so  also  is  suss ;  only  with  j 
this  difference,  that  the  former  is  addressed  to  the  ' 
canine  race,  thfl  latter  to  the  porcine.     "  Cess,  to  ; 
call  dogs  to  eat.     South ; "  "  Sess,  invitation  to  ! 
a  dog  to  eat  something.     Dorset ; "  "  Suss,  suss,  a 
call  to  swine  to  eat  their  suss,  or  hog-wash.  East." 
(Halliwell.)     Suss  is  so  much  like  the  Latin  for 
pig  that  one  might  be  inclined  to  suppose  it  the 
original  term,  and  sess  or  cess  only  a  modification, 
.extended  to  dogs.     But  perhaps  it  will  be  safer 
to  conclude  that  all  three,  suss,  sess,  and  cess,  are 
from   the   A.-S.   ceosan,   cisan,    to   take.     "And 
hath  hym  by  the  bridell  sesed;  "  "Possession  and 
sesenynge."     (Gower  and  Froissart.) 

Thomas  Boys. 

A  Letter  to  a  Clergyman,  ^c.  (2"^  S.,viii.  27.)— 
I  have  both  editions  of  this  spirited  Letter ;  the 
first  (1746)  bears  upon  the  title  by  a  Lover  of 
Truth ;  and  the  second  (1747),  by  G.  Coade, 
Jun.,  Merchant  at  Exeter. 

Mr.  Coade  addresses  his  book,  in  a  highly  com- 
plimentary strain,  to  the  Bishop  of  Winchester, 
the  famous  Hoadly  of  Bangor,  who  preceded  him 
in  battling  against  arbitrary  government  in  Church 
and  State.  There  appears  to  have  been  a  heredi- 
tary hatred  to  tyranny  on  the  part  of  this  pa- 
tronymic of  Coade.  See  A  Memorandum  of  the 
Wonderful  Providences  of  God  to  a  Poor  unworthy 
Creature,  Sfc,  by  John  Coad,  published  in  1849, 
from  the  original  MS.,  in  consequence  of  being 
favourably  noticed  by  Macaulay.  This  Sufferer 
joined  Monmouth  in  his  attempts  to  preserve  the 
religion  and  liberties  of  this  kingdom,  and  falling 
into  the  hands  of  Jeffries  was  banished  to  Jamaica. 
Like  most  religious  enthusiasts,  the  Puritan  sol- 


dier and  convict  is  scant  under  the  head  of  what 
he  calls  his  temporals,  which  to  us  moderns  would 
have  been  the  most  interesting  part  of  the  jour- 
nal. J.  O. 

Negro  Slaves  sold  in  England  (2'"^  S.  vi.  267. ; 
vii.  153.)  —Mr.  Salmon  will  find  the  following  in 
the  Quarterly  Review  (vol.  xcvii.  No.  cxciii.  pp. 
209—210.),  and  he  will  do  well  to  consult  this 
article  for  other  facts  regarding  Blackamoors,  and 
the  sale  of  them. 

"  In  the  Tatler  of  1709  we  find  one  oifered  to  the  pub- 
lic in  the  following  terms :  — 

"  '  A  black  boy,  twelve  years  of  age,  fit  to  wait  on  a 
gentleman,  to  be  disposed  of  at  Denis's  Coffee-house  in 
Finch  Lane,  near  the  Royal  Exchange.' 

"  Again,  in  the  Daily  Journal,  of  Sept.  28th,  1728,  we 
find  another :  — 

"  '  To  be  sold,  a  negro  boy,  aged  eleven  years.  Enquire 
of  the  Virginia  Coffee-house  in  Threadnee'dle  Street,  be- 
hind the  Koyal  Exchange.'  " 

In  the  same  paper  there  is  an  advertisement  of 
a  runaway  black  boy,  who  had  my  "  Lady  Brom- 
field's  black  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,"  engraved 
on  a  collar  round  his  neck  :  "  for,"  says  the  writer, 
"  the  notion  of  property  in  fhtse  boys  seems  to 
have  been  complete." 

T.  C.  Anderson, 
H.M.'s  12th  Regt.  Bengal  Array. 

The  Game  of  Sqtiaring  (2""*  S.  viii.  8.)  —Your 
correspondent  W.  VV.  asks  for  some  other  ways  of 
"  squaring  the  circle."  I  never  have  happened  to 
meet  with  the  one  he  sent  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  but  en- 
close a  few  squares  of  words,  v/hich  may  be  what 
W.  W.  wishes  for :  — 


D    I     o     M 
I     E     V      E 


L      O 
E     M 


TREES 


C      K      E     W 


c 

R 

E 

S 

T 

R 

K 

A 

<; 

U 

K 

A 

G 

E 

K 

S 

O 

E 

N 

E 

T 

H 

K 

E 

E 

CUBE 


E      R 
R      E 


H.  E.  P. 


Stuffvnwood. 


Publishing  hefore  the  Livention  of  Printing  (2'"* 
S.  viii.  11.)  —  Consult  The  Origin  and  Progress 
of  Writing,  by  Thomas  Astle,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  F.A.S. 
4to.,  Lond.  1803  (2nd  edit.);  and  The  History  of 
English  Poetry,  bv  Tom  Warton,  edited  by  Rich. 
Price,  3  vols.  8 vo.' Lond.  1840.  i3. 

Clapping  Prayer-Boohs  on  Good  Friday  (2"'' 
S.  viii.  32.) — Allow  me  to  rectify  a  small  mistake 


2"*  S.  VIII.  July  16.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


59 


which  occurs  in  my  Note  on  this  subject.  The 
topmost  candle  of  the  triangle  is  not  taken  out  till 
the  canticle  Benedictus  is  finished.  During  that 
canticle,  the  six  candles  on  the  altar  are  extin- 
guished, one  at  each  alternate  verse.  Then  the 
sole  remaining  light  is  removed  from  the  top  of 
the  triangular  candlestick,  and  concealed  behind 
the  altar,  as  before  described.  F.  C.  H. 

The  Arrows  of  Harroio.—ln  "N.  &  Q."  (2"«  S. 
vii.  463.)  you  did  me  the  favour  to  insert  a  com- 
munication of  mine  on  this  subject,  and  as  two 
replies  to  J.  M.'s  Query  have  appeared  in  your 
paper  since  which  might  lead  many  of  your 
readers  to  think  that  I  was  in  error,  I  trust  I 
may  be  allowed  to  repeat  that  "  The  device  or 
ornament  of  the  crossed  arrows  over  thn  arms  was 
added  by  Dr.  Butler  when  Head  Master  of  Har- 
row School." 

A  device  consisting  of  crossed  arrows  with  a 
broken  how  was  placed  at  the  head  of  some  of  the 
lists  of  the  speakers  on  the  speech  days,  instituted 
after  the  discontinuance  in  1771  of  the  shooting 
for  a  silver  arrow,  and  probably  "before  Dr. 
Butler  was  Head  Master.  But  what  I  contend 
is,  that  neither  these  crossed  arrows,  nor  those 
added  to  the  backs  or  sides  of  prize-books,  were 
considered  as  forming  any  part  of  the  school 
arms.  I  think  it  would  be  impossible  to  bring  to 
light  any  prize  books  before  Dr.  Butler's  time 
with  the  arms  of  the  school,  viz.,  "  a  lion  ram- 
pant," surmounted  by  two  crossed  arrows,  stamped 
on  them.  No  one,  I  think,  would  doubt  the 
correct  taste,  in  such  a  matter  as  this,  of  Mr. 
Decimus  Burton.  He  is  the  architect  to  the 
governors  of  the  school,  and  designed  the  present 
Head  Master's  house,  over  the  porch  of  which  are 
prominently  displayed  the  school  arms.  They  are 
simply  a  lion  rampant  on  a  shield,  with  the  motto 
"  Donorum  Dei  Dispensatio  Fidelis  "  on  a  scroll 
underneath.  H. 

JEagle  and  Arroio  (2"''  S.  vi.  178. ;  vii.  118.)  — 

"  Like  a  young  eagle  who  has  lent  his  plume, 
To  fledge  the  shaft  by  which  he  meets  his  doom ; 
See  their  own  feathers  pluck'd,  to  wing  tlie  dart, 
Which  rank  Corruption  destines  for  the  heart." 
Moore's  Satire,  Corruption,  published  1808. 

English  Bards  appeared  in  1809. 

T.  C.  Anderson, 
H.  M.'s  12th  Reg.  Bengal  Army. 

"  Sketches  of  Irish  Political  Characters.  (Lond. 
1799.)  (2""  S.  viii.  28.)  — The  author  was  Henry 
M'Dougall,  B.A.,  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin. 

'A\l6l5s. 

Dublin. 

Salaries  to  Mayors  (2"'*  S.  vi.  311.)— The 
mayor  of  Berwick-on-Tweed  is  paid  100/.  a-year, 
and  is  expected  to  give  four  dinners,  i.  e.  at  the 
quarter  sessions.     H*   farther  receives  a  sum  of 


11.  to  defray  the  expenses  of  a  fifth  dinner  given 
to  those  who  accompany  his  worship  in  "  the 
riding  of  the  bounds"  on  the  1st  of  May. 

W.  H.  Logan. 
Berwick. 

Celtic  Remains  in  Jamaica  (2"'*  S.  viii.  24.) 

The  term  celt,  as  applied  to  a  bronze  axe-head  or 
chisel,  was  first  given  by  Hearne,  150  years  ago; 
and  Wright  {Celt,  Roman,  and  Saxon,  p.  73.), 
advises  adherence  to  this  name  in  the  proper 
sense  of  a  Roman  chisel  (celtis*),  cautioning  his 
readers  not  to  confound  the  Roman  chisel  with 
the  Celtic  peoples.  The  stone  implements  men- 
tioned by  your  correspondent  may  be  compared 
with  Wright's  engraving  (p.  70.)  ;  and  may  be 
illustrated  by  the  passages  in  Joshua  (v.  2.),  and 
Exodus  (iv.  25.).  The  universality  of  stone  im- 
plements in  ancient  and  modern  times,  over  most 
parts  of  the  world,  amongst  people  gradually 
emerging  out  of  barbarism  f,  precludes  us  from 
considering  the  discovery  of  such  in  Jamaica  as 
any  proof  or  indication  whatever  of  the  existence 
of  Celtic  tribes  there,  which  must  be  established, 
if  at  all,  by  other  proof  more  peculiar  and  appro- 
priate to  that  race.  T.  J.  Bcckton. 
Lichfield. 

Stocks  (2"''  S.  vii.  485.)  —  The  stocks  here  are 
stationary,  ranged  by  the  side  of  the  flight  of  steps 
leading  to  the  Town  Hall.  They  have  not  been 
used  for  seven  or  eight  years.  The  last  offender 
on  whom  they  were  exercised  was  a  woman. 

W.  H.  Logan. 

Berwick-on-Tweed. 


NOTKS    ON    BOOKS,    ETC. 

The  Fabric  Rolls  of  York  Minster,  with  an  Appendix  of 
Illustrative  Documents.     (Surtees  Society.) 

In  this  volume,  for  which  the  Surtees  Society  and  the 
public  are  indebted  to  the  able  Secretary  of  the  Society, 
the  Rev.  James  Raine,  we  have  materials  of  the  greatest 
interest  alike  to  the  antiquary  and  to  the  architect.  The 
Fabric  Rolls,  which  commence  about  1300,  and  end  with 
the  accoinpte  of  the  then  clerk  of  the  works  in  1639,  oc- 
cupy the  lir^t  120  pages  of  the  volume.  These  are  fol- 
lowed by  an  Appendix,  containing  no  less  than  sixty-two 
illustrative  documents,  many  of  them  of  the  twelfth  and 
thirteenth  centuries.  These,  like  the  rest  of  the  volume, 
are  accompanied  by  notes  full  of  most  varied  and  valu- 
able information,  and  are  followed  bj'  a  Glossary,  an 
Index  of  Names,  and  one  of  places.  The  volume  is  one 
most  creditable  to  the  Surtees  Society  and  to  its  Editor ; 
and  every  reader  of  it  will  look  forward  with  great  in- 
terest to  the  time  when  Mr.  Raine  will  be  enabled  to 
realise  the  pleasant  hope  which  he  holds  out  to  us,  of 
weaving  out  of  these  materials  a  history  of  York's  noble 
Minster  in  a  more  popular  form. 

*  I  am  not  aware,  however,  of  any  Latin  authority  for 
this  word. 

t  Herodot.  ii.  86. ;  Ovid,  Fasti,  iv.  237. ;  Juven.  vi. 
513. ;  Ludolf,  Ethiopia,  iii.  1,  ^ 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  s.  VIII.  July  16.  '59. 


Historical  and  Statistical  Account  of  Dunfermline.  By 
the  Rev.  Peler  Chalmers,  D.D  ,  &c.  Second  volume,  illus- 
trated with  numerous  additional  Engravings.  (Blackwood 
&  Sons.) 

It  is  now  fifteen  years  since  Dr.  Chalmers  gave  to  the 
world  the  first  portion  of  his  History  of  Dunfermline. 
Daring  that  period  he  has  gone  on  accumulating  fresh 
materials  to  illustrate  the  historical  and  statistical  facts 
connected  with  the  sphere  of  his  ministerial  life.  These 
he  has  now  given  to  the  public  in  the  form  of  a  second, 
or,  as  we  should  rather  call  it,  a  supplemental  volume; 
and  so  arranged  that  the  two  ma}'  be  read  either  con- 
secutively in  portions,  or  the  second  may  be  read  through- 
out separately.  A  vast  amount  of  curious  materials,  which 
is  of  more  than  mere  local  interest,  is  accordingly  here 
gathered  together;  and  if  the  men  of  Dunfermline  feel 
as  strongly  as  Dunfermline  men,  as  they  do  as  Scotch- 
men, Dr.  Chalmers  may  be  sure  his  painstaking  volume 
will  meet,  as  it  deserves,  with  a  hearty  welcome  from  his 
fellow  townsmen. 

Telescope  Teachings.  By  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Ward.  (Groom- 
bridge  &  Sons.) 

In  this  admirable  little  book,  in  which  the  accomplished 
authoress  attempts  "  to  relate  a  few  of  the  discoveries  of 
the  Iciirned,  in  words  which  the  unlearned  can  under- 
stand, and  to  tell  how  much  of  the  heavenly  bodies  may 
be  seen  with  a  small  telescope,"  we  have  a  great  deal  of 
practical  information  as  to  the  best  means  of  observing 
the  wonders  of  the  heavens  which  are  available  to  ordinary 
people.  The  instructions  given  are  plain  and  intelligible; 
and  illustrated  as  they  are  by  numerous  characteristic 
and  effective  plates  form  a  little  volume  well  calculated 
to  promote  a  more  general  study  of  the  rudiments  of  as- 
tronomical science. 

Books  Eeceived. — 

Rifle  Clubs  and  Volunteer  Corps.  By  W.  H.  Russell, 
The  Times'  Special  Correspondent.     (Routledge  &  Co.) 

Although  we  will  hope  that  the  Peace,  so  recenth' 
signed  at  Villafranca,  may  give  the  world  assurance  of  a 
long  future  of  quiet,  we  cannot  but  welcome  a  volume  on 
the  subject  of  Rifle  Clubs  from  one  so  well  qualified  to 
speak  of  their  utility  as  the  historian —  day  by  day  —  of 
the  Crimean  and  Indian  Wars. 

The  Poetical  Works  of  Thomas  Moore.  Complete  in 
Ten  Parts.     Part  the  Fourth.     (Longman  &  Co.) 

The  Fourth  Part  of  this  new  and  cheap  collected  edi- 
tion of  Tom  Moore  contains  his  Juvenile  Poems  and  his 
Poems  relating  to  America. 

Lord  Byron's  Poetical  IVorks.  Murray^s  Complete  Edi- 
tion.    Part  VI.     (Murray.) 

This  contains  Hebrew  Melodies;  Domestic  Pieces;  Mor- 
gante  Maggiore ;  Prophecy  of  Dante ;  Vision  of  Judg- 
ment; Age  of  Bronze,  and  Occasional  Pieces.  What  a 
mass  of  poetry  for  one  poor  shilling  ! 

BosweWs  Life  of  Johnson.  Edited  by  Right  Hon.  John 
Wilson  Croker.     Part  V.     (Murray.) 

This  Part  contains  that  portion  of  Boswell  which  nar- 
rates the  Life  of  the  Great  Moralist  between  1773  and  1776. 

Routledge's  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  the  Rev. 
J.  G.  Wood.     Part  IV.     (Routledge  &  Co.) 

This  Part,  which  is  devoted  to  the  various  animals  of 
the  Feline  tribe,  is  as  admirably  illustrated  by  Wolf, 
Weir,  and  Harvey  as  its  predecessors. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Hengstenbero   o.v   the   Sunday  and   Sabbath,  translated  by  James 

Martin. 
•«•  Lietters,  stating  particulars  and  lowe»t  price,  carriage_free,  to  be 
seat  to  .vIkssrs.  Beix  &   Daldt,  Publishers  of  "  JNOXJBS  AMI) 
UUBBIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 


Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
tue  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  ami  whose  names  and  ad- 
'iresses  are  eiven  tor  that  purpose. 

Pathick,    Ix)wth,    and    Whitbv's    Commentary.     4  Vols.    Imp.   8vo. 

vol.  r.    London.    1814. 
Macknioht    on    thk    EprsTtKs.     4  "Vols.  8vo.      Vol.   III.    Edin.    1889. 
(Advernser  has  a  duplioite  of  Vol.  I.,  which  he  would  be  willing  to 
dispose  of.) 
Weslev's  Works.    32  Vols.    Vol.1.    Bristol.n.d. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  Johnson  Bailu.  123.  Russell  Terrace,  Cross  Lane, 
Salford.  • 


The  EccLESTASTicAr,  Supremacy  op  the  Crown  Vindicated,  by  Basili- 
cus.    London.    1813  or  1814. 

"Wanted  by  iT.  H.  R.,  9.  Parliament  Street ,  Westminster. 


JoNins'  Letters.  We  have  received  a  very  interestinq  communication 
on  tins  subject,  which  shall  appear  in  our  next  or  following  number. 

St.  Padl's  Clock  strikino  Thirteen. —  Adiior  will  find  articleson 
this  tradition  in  the  3rd  vol.  of  our  \st  Series,  and  in  the  7th  irol.  of  our 
2nd Sei les,  just  comphteu. 

F.Phillott;  —  Frank  Lamb.  We  have  letters  for  these  correspond 
dents.     Where  can  we  forward  them  ? 

A.  M.  The.fir.it  letter  of  Sir  Benjamin  Hall  to  the  Archbishop  of  Can - 
terburu  on  the  collegiate  church  i>f  Breron,  appeared  in  Tne  Morning 
Chronicle  of  Dec.  4, 1850.  Bp.  ThirlwalCs  Reply  to  it  is  dated  Dec.  27, 
1850,  and  wns  published  by  Sidgway.  Sir  Benjamin  Hall  replied  to  the 
Buhirp  in  a  Second  Letter,  probabli/  in  the  same  paper,  which  elicited  from 
the  Bishop  A  Second  Letter,  dated  Feb.  17, 1851. 

C.  J.  Ale-draper  is  explained  in  our  1st  S.  ii.  310.  360.  414.  See  aUo 
Bailey  or  HalliwelVs  Dictionary. 

Abrba  will  find  an  answer  to  his  Queri/  in  The  Litursry  and  other 
Divine  Offices  of  the  Church The  less  said  about  the  "fig  "  Query  the 

better. 

Errata.  — 2nd  S.  viii.  p.  32.  col.  ii.  1.  \7.  for  "culture"  read" cn\- 
tura;"  1.  33./or  "  leuca  "  read  "  leucse;  "  1.  34. /or  "  luc»  "  read  "  leuca." 

**  Notes  and  Qubkibs"  is  piibliskeii  at  noon  on  t'riflay,  and  is  also 
issued  in  >1onthlv  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Honths  forwarded  direct  from  the  I'ubHskers  (.inctuilinQ  the  Ilalf- 
venrly  Index)  is  lis.  46^.,  which  mai/  be  paiil  by  Post  Oihce  Order  in 
favour  of  VIei^rs.  Beli,  and  DALDy,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.C;  to  whom 
all  Coif  MuwicATTONs  FOR  THB  Gditor  ttbouhi  tiP  oddressed. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

§1.  .|Hcbtmn  of  lutcr-Comimriutntioit 

FOR 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  'id.  unstamped ;  or  bd.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.    184.  —  July  9th. 

NOTES  : —English  Actors  in  Germany,  by  William  J.  Thorns  — 
GleaninM  from  Writers  of  the  Seventeenth  Century,  illustrative  of 

Proverbs,  Words,  &c 'The  Light   of  other  Days  "  — Celtic   Ke- 

mains  in  Jamaica,  by  S.  R.  Fattison  —  The  Prisoners'  Baslcet  Carrier, 
by  John  Brent. 

Minor  Notes  :  —Lord  Erskine  and  Rev.  Wm.  Coekin  —  The  Hanove- 
rian Jewels  —  A  Lover  of  Matrimony  —  Old  Jokes  —  Michelet  on 
English  Literature  and  on  Shakspeore. 

Minor  Queries: — Vertue's  Draughts—  Sophocles  —  John  deBaalun  — 
Cardinal  Virtues  —  Sir  William  Sutton  —  Cartulary  of  Buttele  — 
Graham:  Newton  —  Countess  of  Stafford  —  Sir  Walter  Scott  — 
Witches  worried  at  a  Stake  —  "  A  Letter  to  a  Clergyman,  &c."  — "  Le 
Bas  Bleu"  —  Rue  in  Prisoners*  Dock  —  Sir  John  Gaseoigne  —  He- 
raldic Query  —  Sir  Edward  Lovett  Pearce  —  "Musomania  or  Poets' 
Purgatory  —  Bryan  Robinson,  M.D.  _  Quotation  —  Herbert  Knowles. 

Minor  Qoertfs  with  Answers  :  — College  of  Christ  at  Brecon  _Bib- 
liosraphical  Queries  —  II  Sepolchro  del  Santo  Sangue  —  Pregnant 
Women  Pardoned  —  Spot's  "  History  of  Canterbury." 

REPLIES  :  —  Ussher's  Britannicarum  Ecelesiarum  Antiquitates  — 
Knights  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell^ The  Origin  of  the  curved 
Form  of  the  old  Divisions  of  I^anil,  by  Henry  Thomas  Riley  —  Clap- 
ping Prayer-Books  on  Good  Friday. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries:  —  Antonio  de  Dominis  —  Fresco  in  the 
Record  Room,  Westminster  Abbey  —  Who  wrote  Gil  Bias  ?  —  Cofflus 
—  Randolph  family  — The  Arrows  of  Harrow  —  Woodroof— Min- 
strels' Gallery  iu  Cathedrals  —  British  Anthropophagi. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES :  _ 

First  Series,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  6^  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  3/.  13s.  &{,  cloth  ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 


2nd  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


61 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  23.  1859. 


No.  186.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :  —  Archbishop  Leighton's  "Works,  61  —  Prohibition  of  Prophe- 
cies, 64  —  Memorials  to  the  Treasury,  by  William  Henry  Hart,  65  — 
Inedited  Letter  of  Bishop  Patrick,  60—  Witchcraft  in  Churning,  &c., 
67. 

MiKoR  Notes  :  — Dr.  Johnson's  Chair —  A  long  disputed  Point  settled 

—  OiirNavy  Two  hundred  Years  ago  — The  "Minerva"  Library,  68. 

Minor  Qoeries  :  -  Lyster  Family  —  Richard  Woodroffe  —  Early  Eng- 
lish Printing  andPresses  — Old  Graveyards  in  Ireland  —  Barum  Top 
_  Stonehenge  —  Quotation  wanted  —  Le  contrat  Mohatra  —  Residence 
within  the  Tower  of  London  —  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence:  Linley  — 
Cromwell  and  Scotland  —  Shelley  and  Barhamwick  —  Shooting 
Soldiers  — "An  History  of  British  Worthies"— MS.  Question  in 
Paraphrase  of  Erasmus  —  County  Voter's  Qualification —Wink- 
James  Read,  D.D.,  69. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers  :  — Paintings  at  Vauxhall  —  Henry 
William  Bunbury —"  Scraping  an  Acquaintance  "  —  Wrotham,  co. 
Kent  — Places  in  Surrey  — English  Translations  of" Don  Quixote" 

—  A  Pair  of  Gloves  preferred  to  the  Bible,  70. 

REPLIES  :  _ British  Anthropophagi,  by  T.  Stephens,  &o.,  71  —  Lilac, 
Syringa  ;  or  Philadelphus,  73  — Cambridge  Costume,  74. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries: —  Michael  Drayton's  Poems,  Lj-rick  and 
Pastorall  —  Cardinal  Howard  —  Watsou  Family  —  Gravediggers  — 
Nathaniel  Ward  — "Urban"  as  a  Christian  Name— Scotch  Para- 
phrases—Knights made  by  Cromwell  —  Richard  Pepys  —  Woodroof 
(Asperula  odoratal  — Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists— "Englishry" 
andt"  Irishry,"  —  Watermarks  in  Paper  —  John  AUington  —  Tooth 
and  Egg  Metal,  Tutenag,  &c.,  75. 

Notes  on  Books,  sc. 


Haiti* 

ARCHBISHOP   LEIGHTON's   WORKS. 

(^Concluded from  p.  44.) 

In  considering  Leighton's  language,  I  may  ob- 
serve that  he  never  uses  the  corrupt  phrase  averse 
to,  sometimes  used  in  his  day,  and  almost  univer- 
sally at  the  present  day,  but  always  writes  "  averse 
from." 

Abp.  Leighton,  from  his  learned  and  allusive 
style,  and  the  imperfect  state  of  his  MSS.,  pecu- 
liarly requires  annotation.  While  this  want  is 
admirably  supplied,  as  regai'ds  the  Eighteen  Ser- 
mons, by  the  second  editor ;  Mr.  Pearson,  on  the 
other  hand,  does  not  attempt  to  verify  the  quota- 
tions, develop  the  allusions,  or  explain  what  is 
obscure.  While  directing  attention  to  the  Notes  of 
Rivington's  edition,  I  do  not  include  the  Appendix 
or  Addenda,  which  extend  from  p.  297.  to  p.  347. 
inclusive,  and  contain  a  number  of  separate  trea- 
tises, which,  however  excellent  in  themselves, 
would  doubtless  be  considered  as  undesirable  in  a 
reprint. 

Having  thus  tested  the  modern  standard  edition 
of  Abp.  Leighton's  Works,  so  far  as  the  Eighteen 
Sermons  go,  by  a  comparison  with  the  original 
text,  I  must  leave  it  to  others,  who  have  the  ne- 
cessary books  within  reach,  to  apply  a  similar  test 
to  the  remaining  works. 

Mr.  Pearson  gives  thirty-three  Sermons,  but 
does  not  inform  us  when  the  last  fifteen  were  first 
published.  Along  with  an  Exposition  on  the 
Creed,  &c..  Dr.  Fall  published,  in  1701,  two  Ser- 
mons (Nos.  29.  and  30.  in  Pearson)  :  one  on 
Matt.  xxii.  37—39.,  the  other  on  Heb.  viii.  10. 
A  third  Sermon,  viz.  one  delivered  "  before  the 
Parliament  at  Edinburgh,"  was  published  in  1708 


along  with  Leighton's  Rules  for  a  Holy  Life,  and 
Short  Catechism  —  this  is  No.  28.  in  Pearson. 
Ten- new  Sermons  were  published  by  Wilson  in 
1746 :  two  Sermons  then  remain  which  I  cannot 
account  for. 

On  the  last  fifteen  Sermons,  as  they  stand  in 
Pearson,  I  shall  make  a  few  Notes  and  Queries. 

_ "  As  that  luxurious  King  who  caused  to  be  painted  on 
his  tomb  two  fingers  as  sounding  one  upon  another,  with 
that  word.  All  is  not  worth  so  much,  Non  tanti  est."  — 
Serm.  XIX.  p.  304. 

Who  was  "that  luxurious  King,"  who  thus 
snapped  his  fingers  at  the  world  he  had  to  leave  ? 

"  That  Rabbin  who  lived  twelve  years  in  a  dungeon  in 
Francis's  time,  called  a  book  he  wrote  The  Polar  Splen- 
dour ;  implying  that  he  had  then  seen  most  intellectual 
light  when  he  had  seen  least  sensible  light."  —  Serm. 
XXXII.  p.  448. 

Who  was  that  illuminated  Eabbi  ?  Again,  Who 
was  Zopyrus  ?  * 

"  If  that  Persian  Prince  could  so  prize  his  ZopjTus, 
who  was  mangled  for  his  service,"  &c.  —  Serm.  XXXIII. 
p.  473. 

Whose  words  are  referred  to  in  the  following 
passage  ?  — 

"  As  he  said  of '  golden  cups  and  wooden  priests,'  so  we 
may  say  of  that  Church  which  values  them  so  much, 
They  are  well  looked  to,  neatly  adorned,  but  their  priests 
grossly  ignorant."  —  lb,  p.  464. 

To  be  at  a  point  with,  meaning  I  suppose  to  he 
at  daggers  drawn,  as  we  may  say,  is  a  phrase 
I  have  not  met  before.  It  occurs  in  Sermon 
XXVI.,  '■''that  thou  art  at  a  point  with  all  the 
world,  and  hast  given  up  all  to  wait  on  Him,"  p. 
399. 

To  run  the  back-tt'ade  is  another  phrase  new  to 
me :  — 

"  But  that  we  may  imitate  Him  in  his  Life,  we  must 
run  the  back-trade,  and  begin  with  His  Death,  and  must 
die  with  Him."—  Serm.  XXVIII.  p.  416. 

"  Brangled,"  meaning  shaken,  occurs  in  the  same 
Sermon :  — 

"  Will  the  pillars  be  brangled,  because  of  the  swarm  of 
flies  that  are  about  them  ?  "  p.  414. 

"As  shuffles  and  hot  quarrels." —  Serm.  XIX.  p.  306. 
Is  not  "  shufiies  "  a  misprint  for  scuffles  ? 
"  Distorted  or  violented."  —  Serm.  XXIV.  p.  367. 

Is  the  latter  word  genuine,  or  a  misprint  for 
violenced  ?  Should  not  "  affront "  in  the  following 
passage  be  assent ;  implicit  obedience  (even  though 
the  consequence  be  injurious),  being  preferred  to 
and  contrasted  with  "  a  profitable  breach "  of 
orders  ? 

"  We  know  how  heinously  Kings  take  the  presumption 
of  their  Ambassadors  in  this  kind ;  though  reason  be  pre- 
tended, and  perhaps  justly,  yet  even  thet/  account  Obedi- 
ence better  than  Sacrifice :  yea,  some  of  them  have  been 
so  precise  and  tender  of  their  Prerogative,  that  they  have 

[*  See  the  story  of  Zopyrus  in  Herodotus,  iii.  c.  153.,  &c.] 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"i  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '50. 


preferred  a  damagealle  affront  to  their  commands  before 
a  profitable  breach  of  them." —  5erm.  XXXIII  p.  469. 

If  affront  be  the  right  word,  the  author's  mean- 
ing must  be  that  kings  prefer  the  open  defiance 
of  their  enemies,  however  injurious,  to  the  disobe- 
dience of  their  servants,  however  profitable.  Or, 
could  affront  be  used  in  a  good  sense,  viz.  a  meet- 
ing their  wishes,  a  compliance  with  their  com- 
mands ? 

In  Serm.  XXII.  p.  340.,  a  "pile  of  grass"  is 
used  to  mean  a  blade  or  spear  of  grass. 

Whence  is  the  aphorism  so  frequently  quoted 
by  Leighton  —  Summa  Religionis  imitari  quern  co- 
lis  ?  It  occurs  twice  in  the  Sermons,  and  once 
in  the  Prselections  :  — 

•'  It  is  the  substance  of  Religion  to  be  like  Him  Whom 
we  worship.  Man's  end  and  perfection  is,  likeness  to  God. 
,  .  .  He  became  like  us  that  we  might  become  like  Him. 
God  first  put  on  Man,  that  Man  might  put  on  God."  — 
Senn.  XIX.  p.  309. 

"This  is  the  substance  of  Religion,  to  imitate  Him 
Whom  we  worship.  Can  there  be  a  higher  or  nobler  de- 
sign in  the  world,  than  to  be  God-like,  and  like  Jesus 
Christ  ?  He  became  like  us,  that  ^ve  might  be  the  more 
like  Him.  He  took  our  nature  upon  Him,  that  He  might 
transfuse  His  into  us."  —  Serm.  XXVIII.  p.  416. 

"  In  subordination  to  these  [the  Scriptures]  you  may 
also  use  the  writings  of  pious  men  that  are  agreeable  to 
them,  and  particularly  that  little  book  of  a  Kempis,  Of 
the  Imitation  of  Christ,  since  the  sum  and  substance  of 
Religion  consists  in  imitating  the  Being  that  is  the  Ob- 
ject of  your  worship."  —  Valedictory  Oration,  sub  fin., 
Trans.,  p.  350. 

This  Aphorism  would  make  a  good  motto  for 
the  De  Imitatione,  but  is  not  taken  from  it  as  I 
at  first  thought. 

Mr.  Pearson  tells  us,  "  One  of  his  favourite 
Axioms  was,  that  '  All  things  operate  according  to 
the  disposition  of  the  subject.'"  —  Life,  p.  cxxxix. 
I  do  not  remember  where  this  occurs  in  Leigh- 
ton's  Works,  but  it  is  obviously  the  same  as  that 
quoted  by  Dr.  H.  More  in  his  Introduction  to  the 
Defence  of  the  Threefold  Cabbala  :  — 

"That  saying  in  the  Schools  is  not  so  trivial  as  true, 
Quicquid  recipitur,  recipitur  ad  modtim  recipientis,  Every- 
thing is  as  it  is  taken,  or  at  least  appears  to  be  so.  The 
tincture  of  our  own  natures  stains  the  appearance  of 
all  objects."  —  Conjectura  Cahhalistica,  London,  1653,  p. 
95. 

Coleridge  was  fond  of  quoting  a  similar  aphorism. 
Quantum  sumus,  scimtci,  Such  as  we  are,  such  is 
our  Knowledge,  or  rather.  Such  as  we  are,  such  is 
our  Capacity  and  Power  of  Knowing. 

Dr.  Doddridge,  in  the  Preface  before  referred 
to,  thus  comments  on  the  labours  of  the  first  Edi- 
tor, Dr.  Fall :  — 

"  The  numberless  errors  which  I  had  observed  in  the 
First  Edition  of  all  his  English  works,  by  which  the  sense 
of  many  passages  is  absolutely  destroyed,  and  that  of 
scores  and  hundreds  very  mucli  obscured,  made  me  the 
more  ready  to  .ittempt  the  paying  this  little  tribute  of 
respect  to  his  memory,  which  no  words  or  actions  can 
fully  express  .    .   .  The  quarto  edition  of  the  incompara- 


ble Commentary  upon  the  First  Epistle  of  Peter,  I  may 
venture  to  pronounce  the  most  faulty  piece  of  printing  "l 
ever  remember  to  have  seen  in  any  language." 

Dr.  Doddridge  tells  us  he  supplied  with  his  pen 
what  he  thought  deficient,  and  "here  and  there 
exchanged  a  Scots  word  or  phrase  for  an  Eng- 
lish one."    He  adds  :  — 

"I  thought  that  to  have  distinguished  all  these  correc- 
tions by  different  characters,  crotchets,  or  inverted 
commas  would  have  injured  the  beauty  of  the  impres- 
sions   If  any  are  curious  enough  to  desire  exactly 

to  know  it,  thej'  may  get  surer  information  by  comparing 
this  edition  with  the  former,  by  which  they  may  judge 
of  the  little,  but,  as  I  thought,  very  necessary  freedoms 
taken  with  the  manuscript  pieces." 

It  is  devoutly  to  be  hoped  that  the  next  Editor 
will  prove  "curious  enough"  to  make  this  com- 
parison, and  give  us  as  exactly  as  possible  Leigh- 
ton's  own  words,  "  Scots  phrases  "  and  all. 

The  Pralectiones  Theologicos,  or  Theological 
Dissertations,  were  published  by  Dr.  Fall,  Lon- 
don, 1693,  4to.*  From  the  Editor's  preface,  one 
is  led  to  suspect  that  the  Latin  text  is  probably  as 
faulty  as  that  of  the  English  works.f  He  ob- 
serves :  — 

"  The  Lectures  I  now  present  thee  with,  I  caused  to  be 
copied  out  fair  from  a  MS.  in  the  Author's  own  handwrit- 
ing; which  was  a  work  that  required  great  care  and  at- 
tention, on  account  of  the  blots  and  interlineations  of  that 
original  MS. ;  for  the  Author  had  written  them  in  haste, 
and  without  the  least  thought  of  ever  publishing  them." 

These  Incomparable  Lectures  ought  to  take 
such  a  position  in  theological,  as  Bacon's  Essays 
take  in  general,  literature.  They  are  worthy  of 
an  Aldine  Edition,  and  an  Editor  to  match. 

Mr.  Pearson  asserts  that  the  Latin  Prelections 
have  been  translated  by  Dr.  Fall,  vol.  i.  p.  clxxiii. 
This  I  am  inclined  to  doubt.  In  the  translation 
before  me,  dated  1763,  years  after  Dr.  Fall's  death, 
no  allusion  occurs  to  any  former  translation,  and 
It  is  evidently  by  another  hand.  The  title  is  as 
follows :  — 

"  Theological  Lectures,  Read  in  the  Publick  Hall 
of  the  University  of  Edinburgh.  Together  with  Ex- 
hortations to  the  Candidates  for  the  Degree  of  I\Iaster 
of  Arts.  By  Robert  Leighton,  'D.D.  Principal  of  that 
Universit}',  and  afterwards  Archbishop  of  Glasgow. 
Translated  from  the  Original  Latin.  To  which  are  added 
Rtdes  and  Instructions  for  a  Holy  Life,  and  other  Re- 
mains of  the  same  excellent  Author.  London,  Printed  by 
D.  Wilson,  at  Plato's  Head,  in  the  Strand,  m.d.cclxiii." 
—Pp.  410.  8vo. 

The  "  Other  Remains"  are  eight  "  Letters  from 


*  In  the  same  vol.  were  published  Meditations  in  Latin 
on  Psalms  iv.,  xxxii.,  and  cxxx.,  which  were  afterwards 
translated  under  the  superintendence  of  Dr.  Doddridge, 
and  published  in  1748. 

t  Since  writing  the  above  I  have  seen  Professor  Schole- 
field's  valuable  edition  of  Leighton's  Latin  Works  ( Can- 
tab. 1828,  8vo.),  which  confirms  my  distrust  of  all  the 
previous  editions.  It  ought  to  be  incorporated  for  the 
future  in  all  complete  editions  of  Leighton's  Works ;  and 
the  Old  English  translation  ought  to  be  corrected  by  it. 


2nd  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


63 


Abp.   Leighton,"  and  his   Defence  of  Moderate 
Episcopacy . 

Some  other  time  I  may  send  some  Notes  on 
these  Lectures,  but  now  one  must  suffice  :  — 

"  The  Holy  Scriptures  descend  to  the  weakness  of  our 
capacities,  and,  as  the  Hebrews  express  it,  Lex  Dei  loqui- 
tur Ungziam  Jilioruni  hominum,  '  The  Law  of  God  speaks 
the  language  of  the  children  of  men.' "  —  Lect.  i.  p.  9. 

Dr.  H.  More,  in  the  above  cited  Introduction, 
quotes  the  same  aphorism  —  "  Loquitur  lex  juxta 
Unguium  humanam.,  that  the  Law  speaks  according 
to  the  language  of  the  sons  of  men ; "  and  he 
illustrates  it  at  length  —  p.  102.  Cf.  also  More's 
Second  Lash  of  Alazonomastix,  Cambridge,  1651, 
pp.  108 — 120.,  where  he  shows  that  "Scripture 
speaks  according  to  the  outward  appearance  of 
things  to  sense,  and  the  vulgar  opinions  of  men  ;" 
—  i.e.KU,T  ofX(pa(Tiv  nal  Kar  avd pwizoirQ eiav. 
•  The  Rules  for  a  Holy  Life,  which  may  be  called 
the  English  a  Kempis,  was  first  printed  by  Joshua 
Downing,  London,  1708,  12mo.  In  the  edition  of 
1763  occurs  this  passage :  — 

"  Ihiite  thy  heart  from  all  things,  and  unite  it  only  to 
God." — Sect.  vi. 

Is  the  original  word  Un-knit  or  Uu-unite  ? 
In  Pearson  it  is  Disunite. 

With  regard  to  the  Lost  MSS.  of  Abp.  Leigh- 
ton,  Mr.  Pearson  writes  :  — 

"  It  is  greatly  to  be  deplored  that  some  of  his  produc- 
tions, which  came  into  the  hands  of  his  earlier  editors, 
are  since  irrecoverably  lost.  I  allude  particularly  to  his 
Discourses  on  that  master!}'  summary  of  Christian  doc- 
trine and  practice,  composed  for  the  Ephcsicais  by  St.  Paul, 
on  which  the  powers  of  Leighton's  congenial  rnind  could 
not  fail  of  being  happily  exerted.  In  an  advertisement 
prefixed  to  the  1"  edn.  of  the  2"^  vol.  of  his  Commentary 
on  Peter,  published  in  London  in  169J:,  Dr.  Fall  says  that 
these  Discourses  are  in  his  possession,  and  he  holds  out  a 
prospect  of  their  being  hereafter  printed :  and  Mr.  Wilson 
in  his  preface  to  the  edition  of  1748  speaks  of  trying  to 
recover  them.  Mention  is  also  made  by  Dr.  Doddridge 
in  his  preface  to  Wilson's  edition,  of  a  large  collection  of 
the  Abp.'s  Letters,  communicated  by  Dr.  Latham  of  Derb}', 
and  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  William  Arthur  of  Newcastle,  which 
were  meant  to  be  inserted  in  a  future  and  more  extended 
life.  But  the  hopes  thus  raised  have  melted  away,  as  the 
foam  upon  the  water." — Pp.  vi — vii. 

The  Editor  of  the  second  edition,  writing  in 
1745,  says  that  he  has  seen  some  MS.  Sermons, 
and  A  Comment  on  the  cxix"''  Psalm,  by  Leighton. 
— p.  xvii. 

It  is  worth  while  registering  these  losses  in 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  as  some  of  the  MSS.  might  yet  turn 
up. 

Thirty-four  years  have  elapsed  since  Mr.  Pear- 
son's book  appeared,  and  meantime  many  much 
improved  editions  of  far  less  important  works 
have  been  published ;  but  Leighton,  our  Fenelon 
and  a  Kempis,  as  well  as  one  of  the  noblest  of  our 
glorious  School  of  English  Platonists  —  Leighton 
seems  forgotten,  at  least  as  far  as  Editors  are  con- 
cerned.    Would  that  some  congenial  mind  who 


had  the  necessary  time  and  opportunities,  could 
be  stirred  up  to  the  pleasant  task  of  preparing  a 
new  edition  of  the  works  of  this  great  and  good 
man.*  These  few  and  imperfect  notes  and  hints 
of  mine  will  not  have  been  in  vain,  should  they 
induce  some  more  competent  hand  to  follow  them 
up,  were  it  only  so  far  as  to  assist  in  preparing- 
the  ivayfor  a  new  and  improved  edition.  I  need 
scarcely  suggest,  in  conclusion,  that  without  over- 
loading this  proposed  edition  with  annotations, 
some  of  the  most  striking  and  appropriate  of 
Coleridge's  comments  would  doubtless  be  ap- 
pended by  a  discerning  Editor. 

Mr.  Pearson  seems  to  have  devoted  himself 
chiefly  to  the  Life,  and  taken  less  pains  about 
the  Worhs.  In  the  former  the  materials  are  in- 
dustriously collected,  and  well  worked  up  into  a 
very  interesting  whole.  Two  things,  however, 
will  show  Mr.  Pearson's  tone — viz.  his  elaborate 
strictures  on,  and  apologies  for,  the  "  blemish " 
or  "  disease  "  of  "  Mysticism  "  in  Leighton,  es- 
pecially as  exhibited  in  his  Rules  for  a  Holy  Life  : 
and  his  declaring  that  Leighton's  conduct  in  re- 
ceiving the  Orders  of  Deacon  and  Priest  from  a 
Bishop  previous  to  being  consecrated  a  Bishop 
himself,  and  thereby  Ignoring  the  Orders  of  the 
Presbyterians,  "is  open  to  just  exception." — See 
the  Life  by  Pearson,  pp.  vi.  clxx.  xlvi. 

With  regard  to  Abp.  Leighton's  Library,  Bp. 
Burnet  tells  us  that  — 

"  He  had  gathered  a  well  chosen  library  of  curious  as 
well  as  useful  books;  which  he  left  to  the  diocese  of 
Dunblane,  for  the  use  of  the  clergy  there,  that  country 
being  ill  provided  with  books." 

And  Mr.  Pearson  tells  us  that  — 

"  His  French  Bible,  now  in  the  Library  of  Dunblane, 
is  marked  in  numerous  places ;  and  the  blank  leaves  of  it 
are  filled  with  extracts  made  by  his  own  pen  from  Jerome, 
Chrysostom,  Gregory  Nazianzen,  and  several  other  Fa- 
thers. But  the  Bible  which  he  had  in  daily  use  gave  yet 
stronger  testimony  to  his  intimate  and  delightful  ac- 
quaintance with  its  contents.  With  the  Book  of  Psalms 
he  was  particularly  conversant  .  .  .  '  Scarce  a  line  in. 
that  sacred  Psalter  (writes  his  nephew)  that  hath  passed 
without  the  stroke  of  his  pencil.'  "  —  P.  cxx. 

Perhaps  some  one  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Dunblane,  at  once  a  lover  of  Leighton  and  a  lover 
of  books,  would  give  us  a  glimpse  into  this  "  li- 
brary of  curious  and  useful  books,"  note  some  of" 
the  most  remarkable,  and  glean  up  some  of  Leigh- 
ton's stray  annotations  ?  Perhaps,  too,  some  future 
Editor  would  find  it  worth  while  to  publish  the 
Notes  and  Extracts  from  the  Fathers  in  the  two 
Bibles  referred  to  by  Mr.  Pearson. 

[  *  Our  correspondent  will  be  glad  to  hear  that  a  gen- 
tleman of  congenial  mind,"  and  well  qualified  for  the  task, 
has  been  for  some  time  engaged  —  if  not  in  the  prepara- 
tion of  a  new  edition  of  Leighton  —  at  least  in  annotating 
his  Works,  and  tracing  his  authorities  and  allusions. 
These  are  such  important  steps  towards  a  new  edition, 
that  we  venture  to  hope  they  will  eventually  lead  him  to 
undertake  one.  —  Ed.  "  N.  &  Q."] 


64 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'i  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '69. 


Mr.  Pearson  gives  what  to  ordinary  eyes  would 
seem  a  very  unpleasing  Portrait  of  Leighton, 
though  be  seems  to  think  very  differently  of  it 
(p.  civ.)  :  it  is  "  Engraved  by  A.  W.  Warren  from 
a  Portrait  by  White."  Is  there  any  other  authen- 
tic Portrait  known  to  exist  ?  *  Mr.  Pearson  says 
the  Archbishop  had  always  a  strong  objection  to 
have  his  portrait  taken,  and  that  it  was  taken 
clandestinely  (p.  cxlii.) 

With  regard  to  Abp.  Leigh  ton's  Death,  it  is  to 
be  regretted  that  Mr.  Pearson  did  not  give  Bp. 
Burnet's  exact  words,  instead  of  paraphrasing 
them :  — 

"  He  used  often  to  say  that  if  he  were  to  choose  a  place 
to  die  in,  it  should  be  an  Jnn.  It  looked  like  a  Pilgrim's 
going  Home,  to  whom  this  World  was  all  as  an  Inn,  and 
who  was  weary  of  the  noise  and  confusion  in  it.  He 
added  that  the  officious  tenderness  and  care  of  friends 
was  an  entanglement  to  a  dying  man ;  and  that  the  un- 
concerned attendance  of  those  that  could  be  procured  in 
such  a  place  would  give  less  disturbance.  And  he  ob- 
tained what  he  desired ;  for  he  died  at  the  Bell  Inn  in 
Warwick-lane." 

To  Burnet's  account,  I  may  append  that  of  Dr. 
Fall,  who  also  was  well  acquainted  with  Leighton. 
After  a  glowing  eulogy  on  his  holy  Life  and 
"  Heavenly  Converse,"  he  proceeds  :  — 

"  Such  a  Life,  we  may  easily  persuade  ourselves,  must 
make  the  thought  of  Death,  not  onlj'  tolerable,  but  de- 
sirable. Accordingly  it  had  this  noble  effect  upon  him. 
In  a  Paper  left  under  his  own  hand  [since  lost]  he  be- 
speaks that  day  in  a  most  glorious  and  triumphant  man- 
ner: his  Expressions  seem  rapturous  and  ecstatic,  as 
though  his  Wishes  and  Desires  had  anticipated  the  real 
and  solemn  celebration  of  his  Nuptials  with  the  Lamb  of 
God  ....  He  sometimes  expressed  his  desire  of  not 
being  troublesome  to  his  friends  at  his  Death ;  and  God 
gratified  to  the  full  his  modest  humble  choice :  he  dj'ing 
at  an  Inn  t»  his  sleep.  ...  So  kind  and  condescending  a 
Master  do  we  serve,  who  not  only  enriches  the  Souls  of 
His  faithful  servants  with  His  best  Treasures,  but  often 
indulges  them  in  lesser  matters  [and  giveth  to  His  beloved 
even  in  their  Sleep.]  "  —  Preface  to  Tracts,  Lond.,  1708. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  Abp.  Leighton 
resigned  his  See  in  1673,  and  retired  to  Broad- 
hurst,  a  demesne  in  the  parish  of  Horsted  Keynes, 
near  Cuckfield,  Sussex,  belonging  to  his  sister, 
the  widow  of  Edward  Lightmaker,  Esq. ;  and 
with  her  he  continued  till  his  death,  in  1684.  His 
remains  were  conveyed  to  Horsted  Keynes,  which 
is  described  as  a  picturesque  village  nestled  in  hills 
and  woods,  in  the  rich  country  bordering  the 
South  Downs,  and  were  interred  in  an  ancient 
chancel,  which  has  since  been  taken  down.  About 
three  years  ago  an  Appeal  was  made  for  funds  to 

*  Lowndes  mentions  a  Selection  from  Leighton's  Works, 
Lond.  1758,  8vo.,  which  has  a  portrait,  aet.  40.  1654,  by 
E.  Strange.  I  may  remark  that  in  Mr.  Pearson's  edition, 
as  published  by  H.  Bohn  in  two  vols.,  Lond.  1846,  there 
is  a  much  more  pleasing  portrait  than  that  in  the  library 
edition :  the  former  was  "  Engraved  by  H.  Adiard  from  a 
Portrait  by  White ;  and  published  bv  James  Duncan,  37. 
Paternoster  Row,  March,  1829." 


raise  a  Memorial  to  Abp.  Leighton.  Those  who 
issued  the  Appeal  proposed  to  erect  a  plain  tomb, 
bearing  the  original  inscription,  on  the  spot  where 
Leighton  is  interred ;  as  the  slab  which  covered 
his  grave  was  broken,  and  the  pieces  built  into 
the  adjacent  wall.*  Their  next  object  was  to  raise 
a  fund  for  the  support  of  the  Horsted  Keynes 
Schools,  which  had  been  reduced  by  the  loss  of  an 
endowment  which  came  from  the  Lightmakers. 
I  have  never  heard  how  this  Appeal  prospered,  or 
whether  the  thousand  pounds  solicited  were  col- 
lected. EiRIONNACH. 

P.  S.  Since  this  paper  has  been  in  the  Edi- 
tor's hands  I  have  had  an  opportunity  ©f  seeing 
Lowndes.  His  bibliography  of  Leighton  is  very 
imperfect,  and,  I  trust,  will  be  improved  in  Mr. 
Bohn's  reprint.  I  was  surprised  to  find  that, 
though  he  places  Mr.  Pearson's  Edition  first,  he 
does  not  take  the  popular  estimate  of  it.  After 
enumerating  the  editions  of  Pearson,  Middleton, 
and  Jerment,  he  remarks  of  the  last,  viz.  Dr.  Jer- 
ment's  edit,  of  1820,  "By  far  the  best  Edition  of 
these  most  valuable  Avorks.  The  former  Editions 
are  extremely  incorrect."  By  "  former  editions  " 
Lowndes  refers  not  to  time,  but  to  the  order  in 
which  he  places  them.  Let  me  ask  in  conclusion. 
Is  Dr.  Jerment's  "  by  far  the  best  edition  ?  "  and, 
if  so,  is  it  a  really  good  one  ? 


PROHIBITION    or   PROPHECIES. 

Prophecies  upon  declaration  of  arms,  fields, 
names,  cognizances,  or  badges,  were  made  felony 
without  benefit  of  clergy  by  33  Hen.  VIII.  c.  14. 
The  5thEliz.  c.  15.  was  directed  against  the  same 
mischief,  but  was  less  severe  in  its  punishment, 
which  was  only  imprisonment.  The  latter  statute 
prohibited  prophecies  by  writing,  singing,  or  other 
open  speech  or  deed,  by  the  occasion  of  any  arms, 
fields,  beasts,  badges,  or  other  like  things  accus- 
tomed in  arms,  cognizances,  or  signets,  or  by  rea- 
son of  any  time,  year,  or  day,  name,  bloodshed,  or 
war,  to  the  intent  thereby  to  make  any  rebellion, 
insurrection,  dissension,  loss  of  life,  or  other  dis- 
turbance within  this  realm,  or  other  the  Queen's 
dominions.  Upon  these  enactments  Lord  Coke 
remai'ks,  (3  Inst.  p.  128.)  :  — 

"  He  that  hath  read  our  histories  shall  find  what 
lamentable  and  fatal  events  have  fallen  out  upon  vain 
prophecies  carried  out  of  the  inventions  of  wicked  men, 
pretended  to  be  ancient,  but  newly  framed  to  deceive  true 
men :  and  withal,  how  credulous  and  inclinable  our  coun- 
trj'men  in  former  times  to  them  have  been." 

Some  instances  of  punishment  inflicted  on  ac- 
count of  prophecies  occur  in  history.  Thus  Do- 
mitian  put  Metius  Pomposianus  to  death,  for 
having  an  imperatorial  nativity  (i.  e.  an  astrologi- 


r*  S«e"N.&Q."l'tS.  ix.  8.] 


2'HiS.  Vm.  July23,'o9.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


65 


cal  prediction  that  he  would  be  emperor),  and  for 
carrying  about  a  map  of  the  earth  on  parchment, 
and  speeches  of  kings  and  generals  extracted  from 
Livy.  (Suet.  Dom.  10.)  The  latter  offence  con- 
sisted in  a  supposed  ambition  to  be  a  king  or 
general.  Vespasian  had  been  cautioned  against 
the  same  person,  in  consequence  of  his  having 
this  nativity.  (Suet.  Vesp.  14.)  Bentivoglio,  the 
lord  of  Bologna,  likewise  subjected  the  celebrated 
astrologer,  Luca  Gaurico,  to  five  inflictions  of  the 
torture  called  the  strappado,  for  having  predicted 
that  he  would  be  expelled  from  his  states.  See 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  2""^  S.  iv.  353.  L. 


MEMOBIALS    TO   THE    TREASURY. 

The  early  correspondence  and  papers  of  the 
Treasury  now  deposited  at  the  Public  Record 
Office  contain  information  of  so  varied  and  mis- 
cellaneous a  description,  that  there  are  but  few 
features  of  English  History,  either  in  its  state  or 
diplomatic  relations,  or  in  its  less  important,  but 
not  the  less  interesting  incidents,  which  may  not 
meet  with  ample  illustration  from  these  docu- 
ments. 

From  a  perusal  over  any  extended  period  of  the 
correspondence  addressed  to  the  Treasury,  or  the 
memorials  and  petitions  presented  to  that  Board, 
it  would  appear  that  the  community  were  in  the 
habit  of  asking  the  advice  and  assistance  of  the 
Treasury  upon  all  occasions,  even  the  most  tri- 
vial ;  hence  arises  the  great  mass  of  papers  con- 
taining detailed  narratives  of  many  private 
grievances,  and  altogether  forming  a  curious  and 
valuable  illustration  of.  the  domestic  life  and  man- 
ners of  the  English  people. 

A  large  portion  of  the  memorials  consists  of 
applications  for  places  under  government,  in  which 
the  petitioners'  claims,  if  any,  are  set  forth,  such 
as  the  following :  — 

"  To  the  Rt  Hono''i«  the  Lords  Com"  of  their  Maj«'«' 
Tieasury. 
"  The  humble  Peticoa  of  Joha  Baskett, 
"  Sheweth 

"  That  your  Pef  being  the  first  that  undertook  to 

serve    his  Maj*'<=    with    Parchment  Cartridges    for  his 

Maj*'"    Fleet,  by  which    meanes  he    saved    his  Maj"« 

severall  thousand  pounds,  And  there  being  now  severall 

places  to  be  disposed  of  by  the  late  duty  upon  Paper,  &c, 

"  Your  Pef  therefore  humbly  prays  yo"'  LordPP^ 

to  grant  him  the  place  of  one  of  the  Com'"% 

Comptroller  or  Eeceiver  of  the  said  Duty. 

"  And  your  Pef^  shall  ever  pray." 
(In  dorso) 
"  The  Peticon  of  John  Baskett. 
"  Recommended  hy  my  L"!  Privy  Seale. 
"  Paper,  &e." 

Or  we  may  look  at  a  humbler  sphere  of^  action  : 
a  woman  advanced  in  years  has  a  scaffold  erected 
before  her  house  in  Westminster  to  view  the  coro- 
nation of  one  of  the  kings  ;  but  the  erection  gives 


'  way,  and  the  old  dame  pays  for  peeping  by  a 
broken  thigh,  while  her  mother,  an  aged  person,  is 
nearly  killed.  This  is  a  case  where  the  charity  of 
the  Treasury  may  be  tried,  so  off  we  start  to  the 
Cockpit  at  Whitehall  with  the  following  tale  of 
distress :  — 

"To  The  R*  Honi'ie  The  L^'  CoDaissioners  of  His  Ma- 
jesties Treasury. 
"  The  Humble  Petition  of  Ann  Ansell,  Spinster, 
1      "  Sheweth, 

"  That  j'our  Petitioner  had  her  Thigh  broke  at  the 
Coronation  of  his  Late  Majesty,  at  her  House  in  the 
Sanctuary,  by  the  Fall  of  a  Scaffold,  and  it  was  so  much 
bruised  that  it  could  not  be  set,  wherebj'  she  continues 
very  lame  ever  since,  which  has  render'd  her  incapable 
I  of  her  Business,  being  now  in  the  60"'  year  of  her  Ag^, 
her  Mother  also  was  almost  killed  at  the  same  Time. 

"  Your  Petitioner  therefore  most  humbly  prays 
your  Honours  to  take  her  distressed  condition 
i  into  your  Consideration,  and  in  regard  to  the 

I  Great  Losses  she  has  sustained  thro'  this  mis- 

fortune to  grant  for  her  relief,  She  may  be 
thought  a  proper  object  of  his  ]Maje8tj''s  Com- 
I  passion  and  Charity   in  what  manner  your 

Honours  shall  think  fit. 

"  And  your  Petitioner  as  in  Duty  bound 
shall  evepjwray,"  &c. 

We  now  come  to  a  repentant  blasphemer,  who 
for  disseminating  his  unseemly  writings  was  com- 
pelled to  flee  from  the  vengeance  of  an  ex-officio 
information  of  the  Attorney- General.  This  is 
illustrated  by  the  following  curious  petition.  It 
is  undated,  but  there  is  plenty  of  internal  evidence 
whereby  the  period  may  be  approximately  deter- 
mined :  — 

"  To  the  most  Noble  Thomas  Holies,  Duke  of  Newcastle, 
First  Lord  Commissioner,  and  the  rest  of  the  Lords 
Commissioners  of  his  Majesty's  Treasury. 

"The  Petition  of  Elizabeth  Cannon,  Widow  and 
Relict  of  the  Revi  D""  Cannon,  late  Dean  of  Lincoln, 
deceased,  and  of  Thomas  Cannon,  her  Son,  and  of  Ed- 
ward Brooman  and Redshaw. 

"  Most  humbly  Sheweth, 

"  That  about  five  years  since  j-our  PetitS  Thomas 
Cannon,  was  taken  into  the  Custody  of  a  Messenger  upon 
the  Information  of  one  Purser,  a  Printer  (who  was  like- 
wise taken  into  Custody  at  the  same  time),  Your  said 
Petif  being  charged  with  the  heinous  Offence  of  Compo- 
sing, as  Purser  was  of  Printing  and  Publishing,  a  certain 
Tract  or  Pamphlet,  containing  the  most  detestable  Prin- 
ciples of  Impurity,  not  fit  to  be  even  remembred  in  the 
Title. 

"That  after  a  short  Confinement  at  the  Messenger's 
house,  j'our  said  Petif  and  the  Printer  both  obtained 
their  Enlargement,  upon  Bail  given  for  their  Appearance, 
to  Answer  to  any  Information  or  Charge  which  the  Oifi- 
cers  of  the  Crown  should  be  pleased  to  Exhibit  against 
them.  Your  said  Petif  being  bound  in  a  Recognizance  of 
£400  penaltj-,  together  with  your  other  Petit"  Brooman 
and  Redshaw  as  his  Suretvs.  who  severally  engaged 
themselves  in  the  Penalty  of  £200  each,  but  with  the 
Precaution  of  taking  a  previous  Indemnity,  by  Counter 
Bond,  from  your  Petif  Elizabeth  Cannon. 

"  Thjit  an  Information  was  afterwards  exhibited  in  the 
Court  of  King's  Bench  in  the  Name  of  his  Majesty's  At- 
torney General  against  the  Printer,  who  appeared,  and 
took  his  Tryal,  and  underwent  one  part  of  the  Sentence 


66 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2''<i  S.  VIII.  Jlly  23.  '59. 


inflicted  upon  him  by  the  Law,  but,  as  your  Petit"  are 
informed,  was  pardoned  the  infamous  part  of  it. 

"  That  your  Petif  Thomas  Cannon,  upon  the  first  re- 
flectiou,  Stung  with  tlie  utmost  remorse  of  Conscience  at 
the  Iieinousness  of  his  guilt,  and  not  daring  to  throw 
himself  upon  the  Justice  of  his  offended  Country,  whilst 
the  Jlemory  of  his  Crime  was  j'et  recent,  and  his  Contri- 
tion wanted  the  opportunity  of  time  to  approve  its  Sin- 
cerity, Did  withdraw  himself  from  the  weight  of  so  heavy 
a  Prosecution  into  Foreign  i)art3,  where  he  resided  near 
three  years,  and  then  returned  to  England,  partly;.'con- 
s!rained  by  Necessity  (having  neither  property  nor  any 
other  means  of  subsisting  himself),  but  principally  in 
Order  to  make  the  only  Atonement  in  his  power  to  the 
Publick,  by  Printing  and  Publishing  his  Retraction  or 
Kecantation,  in  which  j'our  said  Petif  has  in  a  Short 
Treatise,  drawn  up  by  him  during  his  Exile,  and  Sub- 
scribed with  his  name,  from  a  due  Sense  of  Eeligion,  and 
other  Conscientious  Motives,  endeavoured  to  obviate  the 
Mischiefs  arising  from  his  former  Publication,  by  I>e- 
canting  and  abjuring  in  the  most  solemn  manner  the 
Principles  there  broached. 

"  That  since  your  said  Petit"  return  to  England,  he 
has  lived  the  most  recluse  life  at  Windsor  with  your 
other  Petif  his  Mother,  abstracted  from  Society,  and 
almost  wholly  dedicated  to  Religious  Offices ;  and  to  the 
constant  Tenor  of  his  life  and  Conversation,  from  the  first 
hour  of  his  Exile  to  the  present  period,  and  to  his  future 
Conduct  and  behavior  (to  Mguarded  and  secured  in  such 
manner  as  your  Lordships  snail  think  proper).  Your  said 
Petit''  begs  leave  to  Appeal  for  the  Sincerity  of  that  Re- 
cantation which  he  has  upwards  of  two  years  since 
(without  any  other  Constraint  than  from  the  pure  Mo- 
tives of  Conscience)  made  in  his  Publication  from  the 
Press,  most  humbly  Imploring  your  Lordships  that  the 
same,  together  with  his  long  Sufferings  for  a  Series  of 
five  years  past,  attended  with  a  Disappointment  in  every 
View  of  Life  in  consequence  of  his  offence,  may  be  now 
accepted  in  some  degree  of  Satisfaction  and  Attonement 
to  the  Justice  of  the  Publick,  and  that  the  memory  of  his 
Crime  (which  it  is  hoped  hath  been  long  since  buried  in 
Oblivion)  shall  not  be  again  revived  by  further  Prosecu- 
tion against  your  said  Petif,  who  cannot  reflect  upon  his 
past  Offence  without  Horror  and  Detestation. 

"  That  in  consequence  of  j-our  said  Petit^'  having  De- 
clined to  take  his  Tryal,  by  withdrawing  into  foreign 
parts.  His  Majesty's  Attorney  General  was  pleased  to 
give  directions  for  prosecuting  your  said  Petif  to  an 
Outlawry,  and  for  Estreating  his  Recognizance  against 
his  Bail ;  upon  which  some  proceedings  have  been  had, 
and  will,  as  all  your  Petit"  have  too  much  reason  to  ap- 
prehend, be  too  soon  perfected,  unless  prevented  bj*  your 
Lordships'  Indulgence  and  favourable  Interposition. 

"  For  after  your  Petif,  Thomas  Cannon,  had  returned 
to  England,  and  been  two  years  resident  at  your  Petif 
his  Mother's  house  at  Windsor,  with  a  Security  which 
the  Sincerity  of  his  repentance  could  only  give  him, 
Your  said  Petit"  received  an  Alarum  from  your  other 
Petit"  the  Bail,  who,  with  all  the  terrors  ofan  imme- 
diate Levy  of  their  Security  under  the  Crown  process. 
Have  lately'  applyed  to  your  Petif,  the  Mother,  for  an  In- 
demnity upon  her  Counter  Bond,  and  insisted  upon  her 
immediately  paying  down  the  whole  Caution  monej'. 

"  That  your  Petit",  the  Bail,  are  in  verj'  Indigent  Cir- 
cumstances, and  with  all  the  Substance  they  have  in  the 
World  Incapable  of  Satisfying  the  Levy  to  be  made  upon 
them  in  the  first  Instance.  And  your  Petif,  the  Mother, 
is  equally  Incapable  of  Satisfying  either  the  Crown  or  the 
Bail,  being  reduced  to  a  small  Pension  or  Annuity  for 
life  only  for  the  Support  of  herself  and  two  Daughters,  as 
well  as  her  unhappy  Son,  who  have  no  other  dependance 
whatever;  Nor  is  your  other  Petif,  Thomas  Cannon,  in 


the  power  of  your  Petit"  his  IMother  and  Bail,  having 
again  withdrawn  himself  into  retirement  to  avoid  the 
impending  Danger ;  So  that  the  further  Prosecuting  the 
Recognizance  must  inevitably'  terminate  in  the  utter  ruin 
of  j-our  Petit"^  Elizabeth  Cannon. 

"That  3'our  said  Petif  is  descended  from  a  Stock 
which  hath  bom  the  Publick  better  fruit ;  and,  having 
already  lost  her  Eldest  Son  in  the  Service  of  his  Country 
at  the  Battle  of  Fontenoy,  humbly  hopes  that  the  Ser- 
vices of  her  father,  the  late  Bishop  Moore,  and  of  her  late 
Husband  in  the  Cause  of  Religion  and  Virtue,  and  of  her 
Eldest  Son  in  the  Cause  of  his  Countrj-,  will  be  weighed 
against  the  Demerits  of  her  now  only  Surviving  Son,  thiit 
herself  and  the  other  Innocent  branches  of  her  family 
shall  not  be  involved  in  the  same  common  ruin,  and  that 
her  once  offending  and  now  Penitent  Offspring  shall 
learn  hereafter  to  Revere  that  Government  whose  Lenity 
and  Clemency  he  has  Experienced,  and  shall  not  be  de- 
prived by  the  Severity  of  the  Law  from  an  Opportunity 
of  giving  the  Publick  further  fruits  of  his  Repentance  iu 
a  future  course  of  Life  Expressive  of  his  utter  abhorrence 
and  detestation  of  the  Principles  which  have  unhappily 
fallen  from  his  Pen,  but  never  yet  descended  into  his 
heart. 

"  Wherefore  Your  Petitioners  mosthumblj-  Pray 
Your  Lordships  out  of  j-our  Great  Goodness 
and  Compassion,  and  more  Especially  out  of 
tenderness  to  your  Petif  the  Mother  (now 
declining  in  the  Vale  of  Years),  That  your 
Lordships  will  be  pleased  to  Issue  your  War- 
rant or  Directions  to  his  Majesty's  Attorney 
General  to  put  a  Speedy  and  Effectual  Stop  to 
all  further  Proceedings  in  the  premisses  upon 
the  said  Information,  Outlawry,  and  Estreated 
Recognizance,  And  to  grant  Your  Petit^'  Tho- 
mas Cannon  such  Remission  of  his  Offence,  or 
Relaxation  of  the  Proceedings  thereon  as  to 
your  Lordships  shall  seem  meet.  Or  that  your 
Lordships  will  be  pleased  to  give  such  further 
or  other  Orders  and  Directions  in  the  Pre- 
misses as  the  Nature  and  Circumstances  of  the 
Case  may  seem  meet. 

"  And  your  Pet"  (as  in  Duty  bound) 
shall  ever  pray,  &c. 

«  Euz.  Caxnok. 
"  On  behalf  of  herself  and  the 
other  unhappy  Petif*. 
"  Ordered  (In  dorso), 
"  Be  pleased  to  get  a  Constat  made  out  by 
the  Clerk  of  the  Estreats  on  w"^''  the 
Lords  of  the  Treasury  will  sign  a  Warr' 
to  the  Remembrancer  to  strike  the  Re- 
cognizance out  of  the  Roll." 

The  title  of  the  work  written  by  Thomas  Can- 
non is  unfortunately  not  given  in  the  foregoing' 
petition  ;  but  it  can  doubtless  be  discovered  from 
the  bundles  of  indictments,  or  the  Crown  or  Con- 
trolment  Rolls  at  the  Public  Record  Office. 

WiLiJAM  Hesey  Hart. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park, 
Streatham,  S. 


lyEDITED   LETTER    OF   BISHOP   PATRICK. 

I  am  permitted  by  its  possessor  to  send  you  a 
copy  of  the  following  original  letter  of  Bishop 
Symon  Patrick,  written  when  he  was  Rector  of 


2°d  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


Tempsford,  Bedfordshire*,  and  forwarded  to   a 
friend  together  with  a  "  Dugdale  : "  — 
"  My  Good  Friend, 

"  I  have  sent  you  Master  Dugdale,  in 
which  I  hope  you  will  find  both  pleasure  and  satis- 
faction, and  I  hope  you  will  leave  the  Monkish 
Storys  as  I  do,  that  is,  as  I  find  thim  so  I  leave 
thim,  (as  Saul  did  his  father's  Asses)  for  Indeed 
I  have  very  little  faith  in  those  Legendary  Tales. 
S"^  I  can  compare  myself  not  much  unlike  Shake- 
spears  Rich^  the  third  when  he  says  I  have  nothing 
to  do  but  to  view  my  shadow  in  the  sun,  &c.  So 
if  you  shoud  have  any  Jobb  fall,  if  its  only  for 
Imployment,  I  shall  gladly  accept  it,  and  with 
Comp"  to  ffriends, 

"  Your  most  sincere  ffriend 
"&h''"=SerS 


"  Tempsford, 
Tuesday,  18  May,  79." 


"  S.  Patrick." 


CUTHBERT  B£D£. 


WITCHCRAFT    IN    CHURNING,  ETC. 

"  The  following  document  (published  about  1832)  from 
jMr.  Manning  of  Halstead,  is  preserved  in  the  British 
Museum :  — 

" '  Siii,  —  The  narrative  which  I  gave  j'ou,  in  relation  to 
witchcraft,  and  which  you  are  pleased  to  laj--  your  com- 
mands upon  me  to  repeat,  is  as  follows :  —  There  was  one 
Mr.  Callet,  a  smith  by  trade,  of  Havingham,  in  the 
county  of  Suffolk,  formerly  servant  in  Sir  John  Duke's 
family  in  Benhall  in  Suffolk.  As  it  was  customary  with 
him  assisting  the  maid  to  churn,  and  being  unable,  as 
the  phrase  is,  to  make  the  butter  come,  threw  a  hot  iron 
into  the  churn,  under  the  notion  of  Avitchcraft  in  the 
case,  upon  which  a  poor  labourer  then  employed  in  carrj'- 
ing  manure  in  the  yard,  cried  out  in  a  terrible  manner, 
*  the}'  have  killed  me,  they  have  killed  me,'  still  keeping 
his  hand  upon  his  back,  intimating  where  the  pain  was, 
and  died  upon  the  spot.  Mr.  Callet,  with  the  rest  of  the 
servants,  took  off  the  poor  man's  clothes,  and  found,  to 
their  great  surprise,  the  mark  of  the  iron  that  was  heated 
and  thrown  into  the  churn  stronglj'  impressed  upon  his 
back.  This  account  I  had  from  Mr.  Callet's  own  mouth, 
who  being  a  man  of  unblemished  character,  I  verily  be- 
lieve.   I  am,  Sir,  &c. 

"'Samuel  Manning. 

« '  Halstead,  August  2,  1732.' " 

We  are  informed  by  Professor  Sinelar  (in  Sa- 
tan's Livisible  World  Discovered,  edit.  1769,  p.  101.), 
that  "another  old  woman  taught  her  neighbour 
this  charm  when  the  butter  would  not  come  :  — 
"  Come  butter  come. 
Come  butter  come, 
Peter  stands  at  the  gate 
Waiting  for  a  butter'd  cake. 
Come  butter  come !  " 

The  superstition  on  this  head  had  therefore  run 
pretty  parallel  in  England  and  Scotland,  only  the 
"  old  woman's  "  enticing  charm  was  decidedly  of  a 
more  innocent  kind  than  Mr.  Callet's  "  hot  iron  " 

[*  Has  our  correspondent  any  authority'  for  stating  that 
Bishop  Symon  Patrick  was  Rector  of  Tempsford  ?— Ed.  ] 


that  frightened  the  "poor  labourer"  to  death. 
Such  matters  are  now  scarcely  credible,  and  yet 
we  cannot  blame  either  the  "  smith  "  or  the  "  old 
woman "  for  having  adopted  the  notions  of  the 
age,  seeing  both  were  in  the  company  of  many 
eminent  men  of  a  like  belief;  even  in  that  of  the 
church  of  Rome  herself,  who  professedly  had  her 
exorcisms  "  pro  lacte  "  and  "  pro  butyro."  It  ap- 
pears, however,  worthy  of  remark  that  the  learned 
Mr.  George  Sinelar,  no  less  designated  than  a 
professor  of  philosophy  and  ^mathematics  in  the 
celebrated  college  of  Glasgow,  had  not  been  aware 
that  butter  will  not  "  come  "  unless  the  cream  to 
be  churned  is  at  a  certain  heat  which  any  ordinary 
dairy-maid  now  understands,  and,  regulating  the 
degree  of  heat  required  by  that  little  useful  in- 
strument the  thermometer,  at  once  puts  to  flight 
both  magic  and  magicians.  Mr.  Callet,  with  his 
"  hot  iron,"  was  near  upon  the  principle,  but  he 
unfortunately  imputed  it  to  a  wrong  cause.  The 
'*  mark  "  on  the  back  of  the  "  poor  labourer  "  had 
likely  arisen  from  the  suddenness  of  his  death,  re- 
ceiving injuries  or  otherwise,  through  perhaps 
violently  falling  on  the  ground,  and  leaving  on 
his  skin  what  are  called  "blue  or  bruised  marks," 
which  may  accidentally  have  assumed  the  resem- 
blance of  Mr.  Callet's  "  iron ;  "  but,  be  that  as  it 
may,  a  warm  imagination  and  high  credulity 
could  scarcely  fail  to  trace  something  answering 
the  purpose- 
In  modern  times  a  few  shreds  and  patches  of 
these  "  beggarly  elements  "  are  to  be  seen  in  vari- 
ous forms,  though  gradually  wearing  out.  A  West 
Country  medical  practitioner  used  many  years 
since  to  amuse  me  with  a  number  of  similar  anec- 
dotes to  the  preceding,  well  told  in  the  vernacular 
of  the  district,  one  among  which  I  happen  to  have  a 
note  of.  An  old  woman,  a  specimen  who,  in  Mr. 
Sinclar's  days,  if  not  good  for  burning  as  a  witch, 
would  at  least  have  been  strongly  suspected,  waited 
upon  the  doctor,  who  heard  a  gentle  tap  at  his 
door. 

D.  Who's  there  ?     Come  in. 

O.  W.  (Peeping  in  very  slyly).  I  see  ye're  en- 
gadg'd,  doctor.  I  was  wantin  an  unco  canny 
word  0  ye,  but  I'se  come  back  again. 

D.  O,  you  need  not  go  away. 

O.  W.  warily  steps  in,  and  drawing  him  to  a 
corner  inquires  if  he  had  onie  Skaith  Saio  (salve). 

D.  What  are  you  going  to  do  with  it  ? 

O.  W.  Na,  Sir,  ye  ken  it's  no  for  raysel,  I  mean 
it  was  no  me  that  was  thinkin  about  it ;  but  a 
neebor  o  mine  thocht  my  dochter  had  gotten 
Skaith,  for  she  has  never  been  richt  sin  Hughoc's 
house  was  brunt,  an  she  said  if  I  wad  get  ti^pence 
worth  0  Skaith  saw  an  rub  ier  a'  oer  wi't  she 
wad  grow  better  soon.  Now,  Sir,  as  I  kent  ye 
was  a  sober  man,  an  up  to  heaps  o  things,  I  thocht 
ye  cud  tell  me  whether  it  wud  do  guid  or  no. 

D.  Indeed,  I  think  it  will  not  do  any  good 


68 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59. 


though  you  would  rub  a  pound  sterling  worth  of 
it  upon  your  daughter. 

O.  W.  Dear  me,  Doctor,  do  ye  think  there's 
nae  sic  a  thing  as  Skaith  saw  ? 

D.  I  have  no  doubt  of  there  having  been  a 
thing  called  by  that  name,  but  I  believe  it  pos- 
sessed no  better  qualities  than  our  common  oint- 
ment. 

O.  W.  O,  Sir  Doctor,  na,  na,  ye  need  na  tell 
me  that,  for  whan  Willie's  bairn  was  ill,  tho'  it's  a 
gey  while  sin  now,  he  gaed  to  Glasco  to  Droggie 
Wrichts  *  an  gat  thripence  worth  o't,  an  rowet  it 
in  ane  o  the  bairn's  mutches  whan  he  cam  hame, 
but  tellt  nabody  whar  he  had  been,  nor  what  he 
had  dune,  an  after  that  he  rubbet  the  bairn  wi't 
frae  head  to  fit,  an  in  the  mornin  it  was  as  swamp 
an  supple  as  e'er  it  was  a'  its  days. 

D.  What  was  the  child's  complaint  ? 

O.  W.  Nae  doubt  witched  Sir,  for  it  was  a'  that 
stiff  ye  micht  a  taen't  by  the  feet  an  held  it  out 
like  a  pin. 

D.  But  are  ye  a  believer  in  witchcraft  ? 

O.  W.  Deed,  Sir,  let  me  tell  ye,  that  frae  what 
I  hae  seen  an  heard,  I  canna  get  it  vera  weel  de- 
nied. Just  let  me  gie  ye  twa  or  three  instances  : 
there  was  in  the  days  o  my  grandfather  whan 
ane  o  his  kye  twint  ill  ae  nicht  an  diet  i  the 
mornin • 

Here  the  doctor  was  interrupted,  and  the  con- 
versation broke  off. 

From  rustic  maidens  with  backward  swains 
applications  were  sometimes  made  for  "  tippence 
worth  0  Stan  to  "  (stand  to),  which  was  given  out 
in  the  harmless  form  of  bread  pills,  with  the  ad- 
vice, that  when  she  happened  to  be  in  the  pre- 
sence of  the  much-loved  object  of  her  affections, 
to  swallow  a  pill  herself,  and  at  the  same  time  to 
endeavour  to  put  one  into  his  mouth.  This  was 
an  ingenious  stratagem  of  the  nature  of  a  charm 
to  bring  the  parties  into  a  more  friendly  and  closer 
communication.  It  was  frequently  attended  with 
matrimonial  consequences,  and  not  unusually  re- 
warded afterwards  to  the  son  of  Galen  by  a  couple 
of  fat  hens  or  some  produce  of  the  dairy.       G.  N. 


Minax  ^atsi. 

Dr.  Johnson's  Chair. —  Some  letters  have  re- 
cently appeared  in  the  papers  regarding  the  cele- 
brated easy  chair  of  Dr.  Johnson.  Now  it  is  a 
well-ascertained  and  acknowledged  fact  that  the 
original  favourite  easy  chair  of  our  immortal  author 
and  moralist  was,  upon  his  death,  removed  from 
the  chambers  in  Inner  Temple  Lane  once  occu- 


*  A  Highland-born  apothecar}-,  famous  in  the  city 
about  forty-five  years  ago,  who,  in  dealing  out  his  medi- 
cines, accompanied  them  with  the  advice  —  "If  they  will 
do  j-ou  no  harm,  they  -will  do  j'ou  no  good,"  reversing 
what  he  intended  to  express. 


pied  by  him,  to  those  now  occupied  by  myself,  at 
No.  2.  Churchyard  Court,  second  floor,  where  it 
has  remained  ever  since,  passing  as  a  sort  of  heir- 
loom from  one  occupant  of  the  chambers  to  ano- 
ther, and  where  it  at  this  moment  remains.  It 
is  a  large,  old-fashioned,  horsehair  chair,  brass 
bound,  and  somewhat  the  worse  for  wear,  but 
nevertheless  still  strong  and  serviceable,  and  has 
with  it  the  identical  crimson  velvet  cushion  upon 
which  he  delighted  to  sit,  and  which  is  said  to  be 
the  identical  crimson  cushion  upon  which  Mary 
Queen  of  Scots  knelt  at  her  execution.  At  any 
rate  the  marks  of  three  drops  of  blood  (undoubt- 
edly human  blood)  are  still  clearly  discernible 
upon  it. 

In  consequence  of  the  approaching  demolition 
of  the  chambers,  it  is  much  to  be  feared  that  this 
celebrated  chair  may  be  obliged  to  pass  into  un- 
worthy hands.  However,  while  it  remains  there, 
and  in  my  possession,  I  shall  be  happy  to  show  it 
to  the  curious  in  these  matters  of  antiquity. 

Rich.  Paternoster. 

A  long  disputed  Point  settled. — I  query  if  a  note 
is  worth  making  of  the  following  cutting  from  a 
local  newspaper :  — 

"  The  long  disputed  question  of  the  authorship  of  the 
Letters  of  Junius,  was  a  short  time  ago  settled  by  an  auc- 
tioneer residing  within  fifty  miles  of  Bishop  Auckland. 
Among  the  miscellaneous  lots  of  books  which  came  under 
his  hammer,  a  copy  of  the  '  Letters  of  Junius '  happened 
to  turn  up,  in  announcing  which  the  auctioneer  said, 
'  This,  gentlemen,  is  a  copy  of  the  Letters  of  Junius,  one  of 
the  old  Roman  icriters.' " 

W.  J.  Stannard. 

Our  Navy  Two  hmdred  Years  ago.  —  The  fol- 
lowing may  be  deemed  worthy  of  a  corner  in 
"N.  &Q.:"  — 

"  In  the  year  1641,  the  navy  of  England  consisted  of 
forty-two  ships,  the  aggregate  tonnage  of  which  was 
22,411  tons.  In  1858,  Scott  Russell  launched  one  vessel 
—  the  Great  Eastern  —  of  22,500  tons,  or  of  greater  bur- 
then by  89  tons  than  the  whole  British  fleet  two  hundred 
years  ago." 

Abhba. 

ITie  ** Minerva"  Library,  —  The  improvements 
now  going  on  in  various  parts  of  London,  and 
especially  within  the  bounds  of  the  City,  are  fast 
depriving  us  of  all  examples  of  our  ancient  do- 
mestic architecture.  To  the  genuine  antiquary, 
perhaps,  this  may  occasion  little  regret,  as  he  will 
argue  that  edifices  dating  only  from  the  Fire  of 
London  present  none  of  those  striking  peculiari- 
ties on  which  it  would  be  his  pleasure  to  ruminate. 
To  some  portions  of  these  modern  antiques,  how- 
ever, cer.tain  associations  connect  themselves  ;  and 
as  one  fact  towards  our  literary  history,  you  may 
perhaps  not  disdain  to  record  in  the  pages  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  that  the  above-named  library  (or 
rather  the  premises  once  occupied  by  the  well- 
known  A.  K.  Newman,  the  Maecenas  of  many  of 
our  inferior  novelists  of  the  last  and  present  cen- 


2»dS.  VIII.JuLr23. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


69 


turies),  is  now  In  course  of  demolition,  to  make 
way,  no  doubt,  for  some  of  those  palatial  sets  of 
offices  on  which  it  is  the  fashion  of  the  day  for  our 
tradesmen  to  waste  their  profits.  R.  S.  Q. 


Minat  ^uevitS. 

Lyster  Family.  —  Walter  Lister,  of  Milltown 
Pass,  died  in  1622.  His  monument  remains  in 
the  church  of  Camm,  co.  Roscommon.  He  left  a 
widow,  Deborah,  and  two  children.  From  his 
only  son  Anthony  are  descended  the  Lysters  of 
Lysterfield,  Grange,  Corkip,  Rocksavage,  &c.,  &c. 
I  suspect  this  Anthony  (a  family  name,  by  the 
way,  to  the  present  day)  married  a  daughter  of 
Chief  Justice  Osbaldeston,  who,  with  his  two  sons, 
Edward  and  Talbot,  were  named  overseers  in 
Walter's  will,  and  witnessed  its  execution.  AValter 
had  considerable  property  in  Roscommon.  Can 
any  one  give  me  particulars  of  the  family  during 
the  seventeenth  century  ?  Y.  S.  M. 

Richard  Woodroffe.  —  Who  is  the  representa- 
tive of  Richard  Woodroffe  of  Woolley  near  Wake- 
field, in  Yorkshire,  by  his  wife,  Lady  Elizabeth 
Percy,  eldest  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Thomas, 
the  7th  Earl  of  Northumberland  ?  "  Sir  T.  C. 
Banks's/'  version  will  obviously  not  satisfy  the  in- 
quirer. (Vide  Baronia  Anglic.  Concentrataf  vol.  iii. 
p.  369.)  B.  C. 

Early  English  Printing  and  Presses.  -^  In  the 
article  "  Printing,"  by  Mr.  J.  C.  Hansard  in  the 
newly-issued  vol.  (xviii.)  of  The  Encyclopcedia 
Britannica,  it  is  stated  (p.  536.),  "  that  some  of 
the  letter  used  by  English  printers  less  than  a 
century  ago  are  from  matrices  cut  by  Wynkyn 
de  Worde :  nay,  that  the  punches  are  still  in  exist- 
ence." And  again  (p.  538.),  "  that  the  identical 
press  at  which  Milton's  Areopagitica  was  printed 
is  still  in  existence,  and  was  lately  in  the  posses- 
sion of  Mr.  Valpy,  the  well-known  printer  of  the 
Variorum  Classics." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  state  where 
these  interesting  relics  now  are  ?  Typo. 

Old  Graveyards  in  Ireland.  —  I  have  heard  it 
stated  that  in  some  of  the  old  graveyards  in  Ire- 
land distinct  portions  are  set  apart,  not  only  for 
Tinbaptized  children,  but  for  persons  who  had  died 
of  consumption.  Is  it  the  case  ?  And  if  so,  in 
what  parts  of  Ireland  is  this  strange  distinction 
observed  amongst  the  dead  ?  Abhba. 

JBarum  Top. — Allow  me  to  offer  another  bone 
of  contention  to  Messrs.  Nichols  and  Skene  ! 
At  Halifax,  in  Yorkshire,  is  a  street  named 
"  Barura  Top."  Query,  Whence  derived  in  this 
northern  latitude  ?  N.  S.  Heineken. 

Sidmonth. 


Stonehenge.  —  At  p.  29.  of  the  late  Rev.  P. 
Hall's  account  of  Sarum  (printed,  1834,  as  a  se- 
quel to  his  Picturesque  Memorials  of  Salisbury,)  is 
the  following  note  :  — 

"  A  curious  work,  comprising  an  account  of  the  British 
Islands  prior  to  the  invasion  of  Julius  Caesar,  has  lately 
been  discovered  in  the  possession  of  the  Brahmins  of 
Benares.  In  this  valuable  treasure  of  antiquity,  Britain 
is  called  by  a  name  which  signifies  the  Holy  Land :  the 
Thames,  the  Isis,  and  other  rivers,  bear  similar  titles 
with  those  of  the  present  day :  and  Stonehenge  is  de- 
scribed as  a  grand  Hindoo  Temple!  The  Asiatic  Society 
of  Calcutta  are  said  to  be  preparing  for  publication  a 
translation  of  this  interesting  manuscript." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  information 
upon  this  subject,  or  is  it  all  fudge  ?  J. 

Quotation  wanted. — Tillotson,  in  his  Sermon  on 
2  Peter  iii.  3.,  writes  :  — 

"  I  remember  it  is  the  saying  of  one,  who  hath  done 
more  by  his  writings  to  debauch  the  age  with  Atheistical 
Principles  than  any  man  that  lives  in  it ;  '  That  when 
reason  is  against  a  man,  then  a  man  will  be  against 
reason.' " 


To  whom  does  Tillotson  here  refer  ? 

Salford. 

Le  Contrat  Mohatra.  — 


Libya. 


"  Le  contrat  Mohatra  est  celui  par  lequel  on  achete  des 
etofies  chferement  et  a  credit,  pour  les  revendra  au  mgme 
instant  a  la  meme  personne  argent  comptant  et  h,  bon 
marchd" — Les  Provinciates.     Huitieme  Lettre. 

The  following  is  the  note  of  M.  I'Abbe  May 
nard  on  the  pass.age  :  — 

"  Le  mot  Mohatra  est  un  mot  barbare,  ainsi  que  ses 
synonymes  Barata  ou  Stoco,  mais  fort  usite  en  Espagne." 

Could  any  of  your  correspondents  throw  any 
light  on  the  derivation  of  "  le  mot  barbare" 
Mohatra  and  its  synonyms  Barata  and  Stoco  f  Is 
the  word  to  be  met  with  anywhere  save  in  the 
writings  of  Escobar  and  other  "casuistes  cele- 
bres  "  of  the  Society  of  Jesus  ?  Libya. 

Salford. 

Residence  within  the  Tower  of  London. — I  shall 
be  glad  to  be  informed  whether,  about  the  year 
1700,  a  commissioner  of  the  navy,  or  any  officer 
of  the  Mint,  had  ex  officio  residence,  or  apart- 
ments, within  the  Tower.  F.  C.  A. 

Sir  Thomas  Laivrence  :  Linley.  —  I  have  in  my 
possession  a  light  pen-and-ink  sketch,  which  I 
was  told  by  my  mother  was  done  in  her  presence 
when  a  girl  by  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  when  he 
was  young  and  used  to  give  lessons 'in  drawing. 
It  is  of  a  very  stout  lady,  seated,  with  spectacles 
on,  and  a  fan  in  her  hand.  My  informant  stated 
that  it  was  a  very  good  representation  of  a  Mrs. 
Linley,  as  she  used  to  appear  in  her  box  at  the 
theatre.  Can  any  one  say,  from  the  foregoing 
description.  If  this  was  Mrs.  Linley,  wife  of  Mr. 
Thomas  Linley,  formerly  one  of  the  proprietors 


70 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  s.  VIII.  July  23.  '69, 


of  Drury   Lane  Theatre?    and  if  she   was  the 
mother  of  Mr.  Linley,  the  eminent  violoncellist  ? 

C.J. 

Cromwell  and  Scotland.  —  In  Carlyle's  Crom- 
well (vol.  ii.  p.  245.)  is  an  extract  from  Whit- 
locke  to  the  following  effect :  — 

"  I.  William  of  the  Wastle, 
Am  now  in  my  Castle ; 
And  aw  the  dogs  in  the  town 
Shanna  gar  me  gang  down." 

It  appears  that  this  was  the  reply,  by  the 
governor  of  Hume  Castle,  to  a  summons  by 
Colonel  Fenwick,  one  of  Cromwell's  officers,  to 
surrender. 

Little  Scotch  boys  of  the  present  day  play  at 
"  King  of  the  Castle,"  and  sing  — 

"Hey!  Willie  Wastle ! 
I'm  in  your  castle,"  &c. 

Allow  me  to  conclude  with  a  Query.  Was  the 
above  message  the  original  of  the  children's  song? 
or  did  the  governor  of  Hume  Castle  parody  a 
rhyme  used  by  the  boys  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury in  their  games  ?  J.  G.  Morten. 

Cheam. 

Shelley  and  Barhamwick.  —  In  the  23rd  year  of 
the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth  an  action  was 
brought  by  one  Nicholas  Wolf  against  Henry 
Shelley  of  Barhamwick  in  the  county  of  Sussex. 
In  this  action  there  was  laid  down  by  the  counsel 
a  rule  of  law  which  was  acquiesced  in  by  the 
Bench,  and  which,  amongst  le^al  men,  is  known 
as  "  the  rule  in  Shelley's  case, '  and  is  as  familiar 
in  their  mouths  as  "  household  words."  I  have 
reason  to  believe  that  the  defendant  Henry  Shel- 
ley, who  was  a  gentleman  of  large  property  in 
Sussex,  was  an  ancestor  of  the  poet  Percy 
Bysshe  Shelley,  whose  family  belonged  to  that 
county.  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  if  I 
am  right  in  my  conjectures  ?  and  also  where- 
abouts in  Sussex  is  the  manor  of  Barhamwick, 
of  which  hitherto  I  have  found  no  trace  ? 

w.  o.  w. 

Shooting  Soldiers.  —  In  Rocque's  Map  of  Lon- 
don, published  1745,  on  the  spot  where  the  Marble 
Arch  now  stands,  is  a  small  mark,  and  this  in- 
scription :  "  The  stone  where  the  soldiers  are 
shot."  It  seems  to  throw  strange  light  on  the 
fondness  of  our  ancestors  for  capital  punishments. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  give  farther  information 
on  the  subject  ?  and  particularly  why  such  a  spot 
should  be  ntarked  by  a  stone  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

^'-  An  History  of  British  Worthies.^* —  In  Bara- 
tariana,  2nd  edit.,  Dublin,  1773,  p.  321.,  occurs 
the  following  note  :  — 

"  To  preserve  the  imperishable  infamy  of  these  de- 
tested names  (amongst  many  others  equally  illustrious,) 
and  to  hand  down  to  posterity  in  their  native  colours, 


without  diminution  or  impair,  an  ingenious  gentleman  is 
now  [1773]  preparing  for  the  press  a  work  entitled,  An 
History  of  the  British  Worthies  of  Our  Own  Times.  In  this 
will  appear  a  full  display  of  tho  hallowed  mysteries  of  the 
monks  of  Bedmenham  (^sic)  Abbey,  and  some  anecdotes 
of  the  Beef -steak  Club,  never  before  published." 

Was  this  work  ever  published  ?  and  is  the  au- 
thorship known  ?  W.  B. 

MS.  Question  in  Paraphrase  of  Erasmus.  —  In 
the  church  chest  at  Bacton,  Norfolk,  is  a  black- 
letter  copy  of  The  Paraphrase  of  Erasmus  upon 
the  Newe  Testament,  London,  1548.  On  the  title- 
page  is  written,  in  a  handwriting  nearly  as  old  as 
the  book, — 

"  Man  cam  into  the  worlde 

To  ask  that  was  not  in  ye  worlde. 

He  gave  yt  him  that  had  it  not, 

And  God  himself  cam  for  it." 

Then  in  a  later  writing,  — 

"  You  that  can  and  will  this  reison  showe, 
I  pray  ye  set  it  downe,  that  men  may  it  knowe. 
This  was  the  question  of  a  learned  man ; 
Wherfore  I  pray  you  all  shew  it  yt  can." 

J.  L. 

County  Voter's  Qualification.  —  When  was  forty 
shillings  fixed  as  the  annual  value  of  property  to 
qualify  a  county  voter  ?  and  what  proportion  of 
its  then  value  does  that  sum  bear  to  the  like 
amount  now  ?  X.  N". 

Winh.  —  One  of  your  contributors  would  oblige 
me  by  explaining  the  meaning  of  the  word  loink, 
as  applied  to  the  following  names  of  places,  viz. 
Winkbourne,  Winkfield,  Winkhill,  Winkleigb, 
and  Winkton  ?  E. 

James  Read,  D.D.  —  Who  was  James  Read, 
D.D,,  the  author  of  an  8vo.  volume  published  irt 
London  in  1737,  and  entitled  An  Essay  on  the 
Simony  and  Sacrilege  of  the  Bishops  of  Ireland, 
pp.  221.  ?  and  was  he  the  author  of  any  other 
works?  He  speaks  of  himself  as  one  of  "  the  in- 
feriour  clergy."  The  book  begins  with  a  "Letter 
to  Primate  Boulter,"  and  is  rather  scarce. 

Abhba. 


Paintings  at  Vauxhall.  —  What  has  become  of 
the  paintings  which  decorated  the  alcoves  at  Vaux- 
hall, and  which  were  said  to  have  been,  some  the 
work  of  Hogarth,  others  of  Hayman  ?  Were  they 
ever  engraved  ?  If  not,  does  there  exist  any  full 
description  of  them  ?  M.  N.  S. 

[From  Timbs's  useful  Curiosities  of  London  we  learn, 
"  that  the  Gardens  are  well  described  in  The  Ambulator 
(12tli  edition,  1820),  where  the  paintings  by  Hogarth 
and  Hayman  are  enumerated."  And  at  p.  748.,  we  are 
told,  that  at  the  sale  of  the  movable  property  in  October, 
1841,  twenty-four  pictures  by  Plogarth  and  Hayman  pro- 
duced but  small  suras :  they  had  mostly  been  upon  the 


2nd  s.  VIII.  July  23. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


71 


premises  since  1742;  the  canvass  Avas  nailed  to  boards, 
and  they  were  much  obscured  by  dirt.  The  folIo^vi^g 
are  some  of  the  prices  which  Mr.  Timbs  has  recorded : 
By  Hogarth  —  Drunken  Man,  41.  4s. ;  A  Woman  pulling 
out  an  Old  Man's  Grey  Hairs,  31.  31. ;  Jobson  and  Nell  in 
The  Devil  to  Patj,  41.  4s. ;  The  Happy  Family,  31.  lbs. ; 
Children  at  Play,  41.  lis.  Gd.  By  Hayman  —  Children 
Birds -nesting,  5Z.  10s.;  Minstrels,  3^. ;  The  Enraged 
Husband,  41.  4s. ;  The  Bridal  Day,  6/.  Gs. ;  Blindman's 
Buft;  31.  8s. ;  Prince  Henry  and  Falstaff,  71. ;  Scene  from 
The  Rake's  Progress,  9/.  15s. ;  Merry-making,  1/.  12s. ; 
The  Jealous  Husband,  41. ;  Card  Party,  6/. ;  Children's 
Party,  41. 15s. ;  Battledore  and  Shuttlecock,  U.  10s. ;  The 
Doctor,  41.  14s.  Cd.;  Cherry-bob,  21  15s.  Two  other 
pictures,  viz.  The  Storming  of  Seringapatam,  and  Nep- 
tune and  Britannia,  sold  for  8/.  10s.  and  8/.  15s.3 

Henry  William  Bunbwij.  —  There  are  occasion- 
ally to  be  met  with  engravings  (dated  about  the 
middle  of  last  century)  of  humorous  sketches  by 
Bunbury.  I  may  notice  in  particular  the  "  Coun- 
try Club,"  "  Symptoms  of  Eating  and  Drinking," 
*'  The  Progress  of  a  Lie,"  and  "  A  long  Story." 
Who  was  this  artist  ?  when  and  where  was  he 
born  ?  and  when  did  he  die  ?  T. 

[Henry  William  Bunbury,  born  July,  1750,  was  the 
second  son  of  the  Rev.  Sir  William  Bunbury,  Bart.,  of 
Mildenhall  in  Suffolk.  He  was  distinguished  at  a  very 
early  age  by  a  most  extraordinary  degree  of  taste  and 
knowledge  in  the  fine  arts.  The  productions  of  his  pencil 
have,  from  his  childhood,  been  the  admiration  and  de- 
light of  the  public.  But  though  he  possessed  in  this  re- 
spect a  peculiar  genius,  he  neglected  no  branch  of  polite 
literature.  He  was  a  good  classical  scholar,  and  an 
excellent  judge  of  poetry.  In  1771  he  married  Catherine, 
daughter  of  Kane  William  Horneck,  Esq.,  lieut.-colonel 
in  the  armj'  of  Sicily,  by  whom  he  had  two  sons.  Mr. 
Bunbury  died  on  May  7, 1811.  See  a  short  notice  of  him 
in  the  Gentleman's  Mag.  for  May,  1811,  p.  501.] 

"  Scraping  an  Acquaintance.^^  —  Could  any  of 
your  numerous  readers  inform  me  of  the  origin  of 
the  phrase  "  scraping  an  acquaintance."  I  have 
met  with  it  in  Irish  stories  very  often,  and  have 
also  heard  it  used  in  familiar  conversation ;  hence 
I  presume  there  must  be  some  peculiar  origin 
from  whence  it  is  derived.  C.  H.  H. 

[This  low  phrase  no  doubt  originated  from  the  practice 
of  scraping  in  bowing,  so  as  to  curry  favour  by  obsequi- 
ousness.] 

Wrotham.,  co.  Kent.  —  In  the  first  part  of  the 
Triie  and  Honourable  History  of  the  Life  of  Sir 
John  Oldcastle,  the  good  Lord  Cobham,  ^c,  4to. 
1600,  an  historical  play  "  written  by  William 
Shakespeare "  (?),  occurs  the  following  remark- 
able passage  concerning  the  extent  of  this  parish. 
The  parish  priest  and  Harpoole,  Lord  Cobham's 
serving  man,  are  the  interlocutors  :  — 

"  Priest.  Wrotham,  'tis  better  then  the  Bj'shoppricke 
of  Rochester :  there's  nere  a  hill,  heath,  nor  downe  in  all 
Kent,  but  it  is  in  my  parish,  Barham  downe,  Chobham 
downe.  Gad's  hil,  Wrotham  hil.  Black  heath,  Cockes 
heath.  Birchen  wood,  all  pay  me  tyth," 

W^as  the  parish  above  mentioned  ever  so  exten- 
sive, or  is  this  utterance  mere  braggadocio  on  the 


priest's  part,  to  Impress  Lord  Cobham's  servitor 
with  a  notion  of  his  wealth  and  importance  ? 

W.  J.  Pinks. 

[The  parish  of  Wrotham  is  certainly  very  large,  in- 
cluding almost  the  whole  hundred  to  which  it  gives 
name.  It  is  in  the  diocese  of  Rochester  and  deanery  of 
Shoreham,  being  one  of  the  Archbishop  of  Canterbury's 
peculiars.  For  farther  particulars  of  this  extensive  parish 
consult  Hasted's  History  of  Kent,  the  Bibliotheca  Topogra- 
phica  Britannica,  No.  VI.,  Thorpe's  Registrum  Roffense, 
and  the  Custumale  Roffense,'} 

Places  in  Surrey.  —  Can  you  tell  me  where 
Eaton  or  Eton,  Dunfold,  and  Flanchford  respec- 
tively are  situate  in  this  county  ?  N.  H.  R. 

[We  can  spot  two  of  them.  Flanchford  is  in  the  dis- 
trict of  Santon,  about  two  miles  from  Reigate  to  the 
south-west.  (Manning  and  Braj^'s  Surrey,  i.  304.)  Duns- 
fold  is  a  parish  near  the  borders  of  Sussex,  adjoins  on 
the  east  to  Bramlej',  Alford,  and  Cranley;  on  the  west 
to  Chiddingfold ;  on  the  north  Godalraing  and  Hascomb ; 
on  the  south  Alfold. — lb.  ii.  59.] 

English  Translations  of''''  Don  Quixote" — X  2. 
wants  the  titles  of  the  English  translations  of 
Cervantes'  masterpiece.  (^Navorscher,  ix.  p.  131., 
Qu.  178.) 

[The  list  is  too  long  for  insertion :  it  will  be  found  in 
Bohn's  ne^v  edition  of  Lowndes'  Bibliographer's  Manual, 
art.  "Cervantes."] 

A  Pair  of  Gloves  -preferred  to  the  Bible.  —  In 
Bailey's  Antiquities  of  London,  18mo.  1734,  p.  153. 
is  a  very  curious  notice  of  the  parish  church  of 
St.  Benet  Grasschurch  :  — 

"  At  this  church  were  the  pictures  of  the  nine  worthies, 
and  amongst  them  King  Henry  VIII.  standing  with  the 
Bible  in  his  hand,  and  verbum  dei  written  upon  it. 
All  these  figures,  anno  1555,  were  new  beautified  and 
painted.  But  the  Bible  in  King  Henry's  hand  gave  great 
offence,  and  commandment  was  given  that  it  should  be 
put  out,  and  a  pair  .of  gloves  was  pictured  in  the  room  of 
the  Bible." 

Bailey's  Antiquities  Is  a  very  Interesting  book ; 
but  is  this  alteration  in  the  portrait  of  King 
Henry  VIII.  confirmed-  by  any  other  historian  ? 
Who  were  the  "  nine  worthies  ?  " 

George  Offor. 

[Three  of  the  Nine  Worthies  of  the  World  were  Jews, 
viz.  Joshua,  David,  and  Judas  Maccabteus.  Three  were 
heathens,  viz.  Hector  of  Troy,  Alexander  the  Great,  and 
Julius  Cassar.  And  three  were  Christians,  viz.  Arthur 
of  Britain,  Charles  the  Great  (Charlemagne)  of  France, 
and  Godfrey  of  Bouillon.] 


BRITISH  ANTHROPOPHAGI. 

(2"^  S.  vll.  497. ;  viil.  36.) 

You    will    pardon    me    for    correcting   your 

Note  on  this  subject.     The  Aeddan,  not  Aecldau, 

of  the  ttymric  Triads,  and  the  Gododin  of  the 

British  bard  Aneurin,  was  Aeddan  ab  Gavran, 


72 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°«»  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59. 


King  of  the  Dalraiad  Scots,  a  J>.  607.  He  fought 
at  the  battle  of  Arderydd  (probably  Alrdrie,  near 
Glasgow)  in  577,  as  the  ally  of  Gwenddoleu  ab 
Keidio,  against  Rhydderch  Hael,  King  of  Strath- 
clyde.  That  battle  was  one  of  principles,  and  the 
last  eflfort  of  expiring  Druidism  to  resist  the  ad- 
vances of  Christianity.  Gwenddoleu  represented 
the  old  religion,  of  which  the  bard  Merddin  was 
also  one  of  the  chief  supporters,  both  in  arm  and 
song.  Rhydderch  the  Generous,  with  Drywen,  son 
of  Nudd  the  Generous,  and  the  sons  of  Eliffer  (or 
Oliver)  "the  large retinued,"  supported  the  Chris- 
tian cause,  and  achieved  a  decisive  triumph. 

Neither  the  Triads  nor  any  other  Kymric  docu- 
ments attribute  cannibalism  to  Aeddan  ;  but  the 
Triads  connect  something  of  the  kind  with  the 
North  British  chief  Gwenddoleu,  or  rather  with 
two  birds  kept  by  him,  and  called  Adar  Llychwin. 
Mr.  Humphreys  Parry  (^Cambro- Briton,  i.  441.) 
translates  this  name  brown  birds ;  but  the  words 
mean  rather  "  the  birds  of  the  White  Lake  ;"  and 
there  is  an  independent  legend  connected  with 
them,  which  I  send  you  herewith. 

But  though  the  Triads  do  not  impute  canni- 
balism to  Aeddan,  nor  directly  to  Gwenddoleu, 
they  do  expressly  impute  it  to  Ethelfrith  and  the 
Angles  of  Northumbria.  I  subjoin  translations 
of  two  of  them  :  — 

"Three  heroes  who  were  Bards  performed  the  three 
beneficent  slaughters  of  the  Isle  of  Britain,  The  first 
was  Gall,  the  son  of  Dysgyvedawg  (literally  Learning- 
drinker),  who  killed  the  two  Ederyii  Llychwin  of  Gwend- 
doleu ab  Ceidio :  there  was  a  yoke  of  gold  upon  them ; 
and  they  devoured  daily  two  bodies  of  the  Kj-mry  at 
their  dinner,  and  two  at  their  supper.  The  second  was 
Ysgavnell,  the  son  of  Dysgyvedawg,  who  killed  Edelfled 
(lege  Ethelfrith),  King  of  Lloegria,  who  required  every 
night  two  noble  maidens  of  the  nation  of  the  Kymry, 
and  violated  them,  and  the  following  morning  he  slew 
them  and  ate  them.  The  third  was  Difedel  the  son  of 
Dysgyvedawg,  who  slew  Gwrgi  Garwlwyd  (literally  the 
Rough  Grey  Dog-man),  that  was  married  to  the  sister  of 
Edelfled,  and  committed  treachery  and  murder  conjointly 
with  Edelfled  upon  the  nation  of  the  Kymry ;  that  Gwrgi 
killed  a  male  and  female  of  the  Kymry  daily  and  de- 
voured them ;  and  on  the  Saturday  he  killed  two  of  each, 
that  he  might  not  kill  on  the  Sunday.  And  these  three 
men,  who  achieved  the  three  beneficent  assassinations, 
were  Bards."  —  Historical  Triads,  Third  Series,  No.  46.  ; 
Myv.  Arch.  ii.  65. 

This  Sabbatarian  cannibal  was  a  degenerate 
Briton.  He  had  probably  been  taught  by  his 
countrj'men  to  „"  keep  holy  the  Sabbath  day ;  " 
but  he  became  a  cannibal  in  consequence  of  his 
having  associated  with  the  Angles,  as  we  are  told 
in  another  Triad,  in  which  the  names  of  Gwrgi 
and  Aeddan  are  conjoined  :  — 

"  The  three  arrant  traitors  who  were  the  cause  that  the 
Saxons  took  the  crown  of  the  Isle  of  Britain  from  the 
Kymry.  One  was  Gwrgi  Garwlwyd,  who,  after  getting 
a  taste  for  human  flesh  at  the  court  of  Edelfled,  King  of 
the  Saxons,  liked  it  so  much  that  he  would  eat-  nothing 
but  human  flesh  ever  afterwards ;  and,  therefore,  he  and 
his  men  united  themselves  with  Edelfled,  King  of  the 


Saxons,  so  that  he  used  to  make  secret  incursions  among 
the  nation  of  the  Kymry,  and  took  male  and  female  of 
the  young,  as  many  as  he  ate  daily.  And  all  the  lawless 
men  of  the  nation  of  the  Kymry  hastened  to  him  and  the 
Saxons,  where  they  obtained  their  fill  of  prey  and  spoil 
taken  from  the  natives  of  this  Isle. 

"  The  second  was  Medrawd  (Modred),  who  with  his 
men  became  one  with  the  Saxons,  to  secure  himself  the 
kingdom  against  Arthur ;  and  by  reason  of  that  treachery 
many  of  the  Lloegrwys  (i.e.  the  British  Ligures)  became 
Saxons. 

"  The  third  was  Aeddan  the  Traitor,  of  the  North,  who 
gave  himself  and  his  men,  within  the  limits  of  his  do- 
minions, to  become  Saxons,  so  as  to  be  enabled  to  main- 
tain themselves  in  usurpation  and  depredation  under  the 
protection  of  the  Saxons.  And  because  of  these  three 
arrant  traitors,  the  Kymry  lost  their  land  and  their 
Crown  in  Lloegria  (England) ;  and  if  it  had  not  been  for 
these  treacheries  the  Saxons  could  not  have  gained  the 
island  from  the  Kymry." — Triads,  Third  Series,  No.  45. ; 
Myv.  Arch.  ii.  p.  65. 

Your  readers  must  form  their  own  conclusions 
as  to  the  historical  value  and  credibility  of  these 
cannibal  statements ;  but  the  imputation  against 
Aeddan  ab  Gavran  is  erroneous.  He  certainly 
was  no  partisan  of  the  Angles ;  and  though  he 
sided  with  one  party  of  Britons  against  another 
at  the  battle  of  Airdrie,  it  is  but  justice  to  his 
memory  to  bear  in  mind  that  he  assisted  the 
Britons  at  the  battle  of  Cattraeth  (Catterick, 
Yorkshire),  in  the  great  attack  upon  Ethelfrith 
in  A.D.  603. 

It  should  also  be  observed  that  the  third  series 
of  Triads  is  the  latest,  and  cannot  claim  a  higher 
antiquity  than  the  fifteenth  or  sixteenth  centuries. 
The  two  other  series,  one  probably  as  early  as 
the  fourteenth  century,  present  several  variations. 
Neither  of  them  imputes  cannibalism  to  Edelfled 
or  Ethelfrith  (c/.  No.  37.,  Myv.  Arch.  ii.  p.  9., 
and  No.  28.  p.  13.)  ;  both  reduce  Gwrgi's  allow- 
ance to  one-half;  and  the  oldest  doubles  the 
supper  allowance  of  "  the  Birds  of  Gwenddoleu," 
which  guarded  his  gold  and  silver.  And  indeed 
there  seem  to  be  good  grounds  for  absolving 
Gwrgi  also  from  the  charge  of  cannibalism.  He 
is  probably  the  same  person  as  the  "  Twrch,  a 
grey-headed  counsellor,"  named  (v.  39.)  by  Aneu- 
rin  the  contemporary  of  Ethelfrith.  The  bard 
speaks  of  him  in  favourable  terms,  and  commends 
him  for  having  come  from  Ethelfrith's  camp  to 
ofler  terms  of  conciliation,  which  were  injudi- 
ciously rejected.  He  also  attributes  to  Twrch  a 
high  reputation  as  a  warrior,  and  implies  that  he 
was  more  sinned  against  than  sinning;  and  that 
forcible  dispossession  of  his  lands  by  his  coun- 
trymen was  the  cause  of  his  alliance  with  the 
Angles. 

These  considerations  weaken  the  force  of  the 
Triadic  statements,  and  render  it  necessary  for  us 
to  have  much  more  conclusive  testimony  before 
the  imputation  of  cannibalism  can  be  accepted. 
Ethelfrith's  depredations  rendered  him  and  his 
memory,  as  well  as  that  of  his  ally,  justly  hateful 


2n*  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


73 


to  the  Britons ;  but  they  lost  the  battle  of  Cat- 
traeth  through  their  own  lamentable  imprudence 
in  feasting  the  night  before,  and  in  having  gone 
to  battle  the  next  morning  so  helplessly  intoxi- 
cated that,  as  Aneurin  says,  "  they  fell  headlong 
from  their  horses  ;"  and  the  imputation  of  canni- 
balism is  probably  only  an  indication  of  the  bitter 
hatred  and  intense  chagrin  of  the  descendants  of 
the  vanquished  Britons.  The  ghost  of  Ethelfrith 
and  Gwrgi  may  safely  call  Aneurin  into  court, 
and  appeal  to  the  Gododin  for  their  vindication. 

The  Cattraeth  campaign  was  admirably  planned, 
and  the  battle  would,  I  have  no  doubt,  have  been 
fought  successfully,  more  Romanoriim,  but  for 
"  the  yellow,  sweet,  ensnaring  mead."  This  battle 
of  Cattraeth  is  also  the  historical  fact  that  under- 
lies the  reputed  massacre  at  Stonehenge,  with 
which  locality,  however,  the  massacre,  or  rather 
utter  defeat,  was  in  no  way  connected. 

T.  Stephens. 

Merthyr  Tidfil. 


G.  N.,  if  he  wishes  for  a  series  of  works  in 
which  this  custom,  and  other  degraded  ones,  are 
alluded  to,  would  do  well  to  consult  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

Anderson's  "Mission  to  Sumatra."  (Blackwood  & 
Sons.)     184G. 

"  Anthropophagy  amongst  the  Baltacks  of  Sumatra  " 
(reply  to  a  critique  in  the  Quarterly  Review  (No.  67.)  on 
the  above  work.)  Q3Ialaeea  Gazette,  17th  and  Slst  July, 
and  14th  and  28th  Aug.  1827.) 

"  Blackwood's  Magazine,"  Aug.  1826. 

"  Quarterly  Eeview,"  Nos.  67.  56.  26.  55. 

Marsden's  "  Sumatra." 

Humboldt's  "  Personal  Narrative." 

Rees's  "  Cyclopsedia." 

Hawkesworth's  "Voyages  to  the  Southern  Hemi- 
sphere." 

Myer's  "  Geography." 

Finlayson's  "  Mission  to  Siam." 

Lyon's  "  Private  Journal." 

Gamble's  "View  of  Society  and  Manners  in  the  North 
of  Ireland." 

Good's  "  Book  of  Nature." 

Field's  "  Geographical  Memoir  of  N.  S.  Wales." 

Gregoire,  "  des  Sectes  Religieuses." 

Bowdich's  "  Asliantee*" 

Mr.  Ellis's  "  Sandwich  Islands." 

Rev.  Mr.  Marsden's  "  Mission  to  New  Zealand." 

Capt.  Forrest's  "  Voyages." 

Capt.  Cook's  ditto. 

Bruce's,  Salt's,  and  Pearce's  "  Abyssinia." 

Mariner's  "  Tonga  Islands." 

Mi^Leod's  "Voyage  to  Africa." 

Crawfurd's  "  Indian  Archipelago." 

Works  of  Nicolo  di  Conti,  1449;  Odoardus  Barbosa, 
1516 ;  De  Barros,  1563 ;  Beaulieu,  1622 ;  and  Ludovico 
Barthema,  1505. 

"  Researches  into  the  Physical  History  of  Man,"  by  J. 
F.  Pritchard. 

Miss  Hamilton's  "  Popular  Essays." 

Heyne's  "  Letters  on  Sumatra." 

Sir  S.  Raffles's  "  Minutes  on  the  Singapore  Institution." 

Dr.  Leyden,  on  the  Languages,  &c.,  of  the  Indo- 
Chinese. 


Maj,  Canning,  Envo3'  to  the  States  on  the  W.  Coast  of 
Sumatra. 

Messrs.  Burton  and  Ward's  "  Mission  to  the  Baltacks 
in  1824." 

Andrew  Steinmetz's  work  on  "  Tobacco."    (P.  124.) 

"  Fiji  and  the  Fijians." 

"  Asiatic  Journal "  vol.  xix.  p,  94.,  Jan.  1825 ;  and  vol.. 
ix.  pp.  457-8. 

"  Ledlie's  Magdikine  "  (Agra),  July,  1853. 

I  shall  be  happy  for  references  to  any  other 
works. 

"  The  Andamans,"  Penang  Gazette^  April,  1819^ 
is  another  reference. 

T.  C.  Andehson, 
H.  M.'s  12th  Regt.,  Bengal  Army. 


The  writer  of  Biogi'aphical  Memoir  of  the  late 
Charles  Macintosh,  F.R.S.,  Glasgow,  1847,  refers 
to  the  testimony  of  St.  Jerome  on  the  above  sub- 
ject, in  a  quotation  from  Gibbon,  8vo.,  London, 
1797,  vol.  iv.  p.  298.,  as  follows :  — 

"  There  seems  to  be  little  reason  to  doubt  that  in  more 
remote  times  in  this  forest  (which  occupied  the  eastern 
part  of  the  present  city  of  Glasgow)  was  situated  the 
capital  of  the  '  Attacoti,'  alluded  to  by  Gibbon  as  a  valiant 
tribe  of  Caledonia,  the  enemies  and  afterwards  the  soldiers- 
of  Valentinian,  accused  by  eye  witnesses  (Jerome,  &c.) 
of  delighting  in  the  taste  of  human  flesh.  When  they 
hunted  the  woods  for  prey,  it  is  said  that  they  attacked 
the  shepherd  rather  than  his  flocks,  and  that  they  curi- 
ously selected  the  most  delicate  and  brawny  parts,  both 
of  males  and  females,  which  they  prepared  for  their 
horrid  repasts.  If  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  commer- 
cial and  literary  town  of  Glasgow  a  race  of  cannibals  has 
really  existed,  we  may  contemplate  in  the  period  of 
Scottish  history  the  opposite  extremes  of  savage  and 
civilised  life." 

And  we  may  venture  to  add  that  nowhere 
would  the  contrast  appear  more  conspicuous. 

G.N. 


LILAC,  STEINGA  ;    OR  PHILADELPHUS. 

(2"^  S.  vii.  385.  460.) 

Although  the  Rev.  T.  Boys  and  Mr.  Gutch 
have  both  replied  to  Mr.  P,  Thompson,  the  infor- 
mation they  have  given,  although  quite  correct 
so  far  as  it  goes,  may  not  perhaps  be  deemed 
quite  satisfactory  by  that  gentleman. 

In  tracing  the  history  of  these  names,  it  is  only 
necessary  to  refer  to  John  Ray's  Historia  Planta- 
rum,  published  in  1688  (vol.  ii.).  From  it  we 
learn  that  both  the  Lilac  and  Mock-orange  were 
known  by  the  name  of  Syringa,  the  former  being 
called  Syringa  ccerulea,  the  latter  Syringa  alba. 
Also  that  the  first  was  by  some  called  Lilac,  from 
the  Persian  ;  the  other  Philadelphus,  a  name  given 
to  it  by  Athenaeus,  a  writer  of  the  Alexandrian 
school.  Tournefort,  in  1700,  in  his  Institutiones 
Rei  Hei-baria,  perceiving  that  these  belonged  to 
different  parts  of  his  system  founded  on  the  corolla, 
divided  them  into  two  genera,  giving  to  one  the 


74 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  s.  VIII.  July  23.  '69. 


name  Lilac^  to  the  other  that  of  Syringa.  This  was 
not  judicious,  as  the  last  of  these  names  appears  to 
have  been  originally  given  to  the  Lilac.  Tourne- 
fort  gave  figures,  but  botany  was  not  then  suffici- 
ently advanced  to  enable  anyone  to  draw  up  correct 
distinguishing  generic  characters.  Linnaeus,  in 
his  Genera  Plantarum,  in  1737,  restored  the  name 
Syringa  to  the  lilac,  actuated  partly  by  the  word 
lilac  or  lilag  being  Persian,  and  therefore,  in  his 
estimation,  barbarous  and  inadmissible  in  Latin  ; 
and  the  name  PhiladelpTius  to  the  mock- orange. 
Lamarck  and  a  few  other  French  writers,  adhered 
to  Tournefort's  nomenclature  ;  but  Jussieu,  in  his 
Genera  Plantarum  (1 789),  and  De  Candolle  {Proclr. 
jRegni  Veg.)  have  abandoned  it  and  followed  Lin- 
naeus. Everywhere  else,  in  botanical  works,  Sy- 
ringa is  given  ^to  the  lilac,  and  Philadelphus  to  the 
mock-orange,  which  now  forms  the  type  of  a  na- 
tural order  (PhiladelphacecB),  Syringa  also  becom- 
ing the  type  of  the  Syringece,  a  group  of  the  order 
Oleacece.  In  England,  and  indeed  in  most  Euro- 
pean countries,  the  vulgar  or  florists'  names  are, 
however,  still  modifications  of  those  given  by 
Tournefort,  probably  from  the  plants  being  ob- 
tained by  cultivators  chiefly  from  France. 

In  Bailey's  Dictionary  no  such  colour  as  lilac  is 
mentioned,  but  only  "  Lilach  Tree,  a  shrub  which 
bears  blue,  white,  or  purple  flowers."  In  Johnson's 
Dictionary,  and  even  in  Walker's  of  1823  (perhaps 
in  still  later  editions),  lilach  or  lilac  is  applied 
solely  to  the  plant,  not  to  any  colour.  The  shrub, 
therefore,  cannot  be  held  responsible  for  those 
who  have  improperly  restricted  its  name  to  one 
only  of  the  colours  it  exhibits.  W.  A. 


CAMBHIDGE    COSTUME. 

(2"^  S.  vil.  74.  384.) 

I  have  read  with  much  interest  the  carefully 
compiled  lists  which  have  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
relative  to  the  several  hoods  as  worn  by  Cam- 
bridge graduates,  and  the  letters  of  remark  and 
correction  thus  called  forth.  I  wish,  in  the  hope 
of  obtaining  farther  information,  to  miention  the 
liberty  I  consider  a  large  majority  of  Cambridge 
men  must  possess,  of  continuing  the  white  lining 
of  the  M.A.  hood,  where  the  party  never  was  a 
member  of  the  Senate,  and  consequently  has  never 
been  entitled  to  vote,  either  in  the  White  or  the 
Black-hood  House.  Many  members  of  the  Uni- 
versity, as  soon  as  they  have  taken  their  Bache- 
lor's degree,  remove  their  names  from  the  college 
boards ;  replace  them  when  they  incept,  and  as 
soon  as  admitted  M.A.  take  them  off  again ;  nor 
can  such  persons  thenceforth  be  members  either 
of  the  Regent  or  the  Non-regent  House,  without 
residing  three  consecutive  terms,  to  regain  a  right 
to  vote  in  the  Senate.     Those  M.A.s  therefore 


who  have  never  been  non-regents  seem  to  have 
no  title  to  the  black  hood  denoting  non-regency, 
even  at  the  expiration  of  five  years  from  their 
commencing  M.A.;  and  surely  in  such  case  may 
(as  many  do)  retain  the  white  lining :  and  even 
with  greater  reason  ;  such  being  not  only  sig- 
nificant symbolism,  and  a  beautiful  relief  to  the 
black  of  the  M.A.  habit,  but  also  in  many  locali- 
ties a  very  desirable  distinction  between  regularly 
educated  graduates  and  the  ten  years'  men,  who 
on  becoming  B.D.  assume  the  black  hood,  such 
as  regent  iM.A.s  wear. 

I  am  familiar  with  matters  of  Cambridge  cos- 
tume from  frequent  conversation  on  that  subject 
with  my  old  vicar,  whose  experience  as  tutor  of 
his  college  and  proctor  in  his  day,  will  take  ray 
notices  back  nearly  a  century,  and  therefore  I 
venture  to  mention  a  few  Cambridge  "Notes" 
referring  to  the  subject  under  discussion ;  they 
may  interest  some  of  your  readers,  and  obtain 
for  us  additional  information. 

The  rose-coloured  lining  is  peculiar  to  the  de- 
gree of  D.D.  when  the  ermine  cope  is  not  re- 
quired to  be  worn ;  the  shot  silk  you  describe 
(though  the  difference  has  been  sometimes  ig- 
norantly  overlooked)  to  the  Doctors  of  Law  and 
Physic.  A  velvet  cap,  called  a  "  Monmouth  cap," 
with  band  and  tassels  of  gold  cord,  appertains 
also,  and  exclusively,  to  these  lay  doctors.  Their 
ordinary  silk  gowns  differ  in  shape  from  the  gowns 
of  Divinity  or  Arts  ;  that  of  L.L.D.  is  plain ;  that 
of  M.D.  trimmed  at  the  sleeve  with  figured  velvet 
binding.  In  the  University  the  Doctors,  if  divines, 
wear  the  scarf,  and  in  consequence  chaplains  who 
may  be  resident  there  are  understood  to  refrain 
from  using  this  special  mark  of  their  position,  out 
of  courtesy  to  the  higher  degree.  I  recollect  one 
exception,  when  a  chaplain  preached  in  his  turn 
at  St.  Mary's,  and  appeared  in  a  scarf;  it  was 
considered  irregular,  and  called  forth  remarks. 
Your  correspondent  does  not  enlarge  upon  the 
hood  "  flourished,"  though  he  well  explains  the 
hood  "  squared."  The  latter  is  a  sort  of  full 
dress  worn  by  any  M.A.,  Vice-Chancellor,  Proc- 
tors, and  I  believe  Taxors.  T^e  hood  "  flourished" 
signifies  not  merely  that  it  is  pendant  in  chance 
folds,  but  that  the  peaked  position  of  iho.  lines  is 
folded  over  till  it  touches  the  flat  half  of  the  hood 
which  covers  the  back ;  so  that  if  the  hood  were 
applied  to  its  original  use,  the  frontlet  of  the 
*'  head  gear "  would  be  the  white  edging.  The 
shape  of  the  Oxford  M.A.  hood  does  not  admit 
of  being  "  flourished  "  thus  ;  and  the  too  common 
practice  of  putting  on  a  Cambridge  hood  after 
the  Oxford  fashion  produces  an  unseemly  depth 
of  material  issuant  from  the  back  of  the  wearer, 
assuming  the  appearance  of  a  pair  of  wings,  or 
else  a  perfectly  flattened  pendant,  to  speak  he-- 
raldically,  "  party  per  bend  argent  and  sable." 
London  clergy  dressers  arrange  all  hoods  thus. 


2°<iS.VIII.  July23. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


75 


Cambridge  men  of  llie  old  school  "  flourish  the 
hood  "  before  it  is  put  on. 

As  regards  another  point :  B.A.  and  S.C.L. 
wear  the  same  liood  (sheep  skin  the  trimming, 
and  the  material  not  silk,  is  the  "  regulation  pat- 
tern ")  ;  the  latter  the  full-sleeved  gown.  L.L.B. 
the  white-lined  hood ;  in  this  case  certainly  without 
any  change  to  black,  because  an  L.L.B.  never  can 
be  a  Non-regent,  and  has  no  vote  in  either  house ; 
the  distinction  of  Regent  and  Non-regent  cannot 
apply  to  him.  My  old  friend  was  a  coteraporary 
of  Powell,  and  Farmer,  and  Beadon,  Waring, 
CoUignon,  Cole  of  Milton,  &c.  &c.  I  will  men- 
tion a  few  more  n,otes  I  can  supply  from  the 
winter  evening's  chat  round  the  vicarage  study 
fire  of  the  days  long  past,  in  reference  to  these 
matters  I  am  writing  upon.  The  slit  in  the 
sleeve  of  the  Cambridge  B.A.  gown  was  by  suf- 
ferance, and  for  the  convenience  of  dining ;  not, 
as  now,  the  distinctive  mark  whereby  to  discern 
the  Cambridge  man  from  the  like  grade  at  Ox- 
ford. No  B.A.  would,  in  days  of  yore  (had  the 
Proctor  been  of  his  college)  have  appeared  with- 
out gown  looped  up  at  the  elbow,  either  in  hall 
or  at  chapel.  The  person  to  whom  I  have  al- 
luded was  the  originator  of  a  move  which  per- 
mitted all  undergraduates  to  wear  the  square  ca2) 
as  at  present.  Up  to  that  date  (probably  about 
1770)  some  of  the  colleges  used  "  the  Monmouth 
cap  "  till  the  undergraduate  took  his  B.A.  degree. 
This  explains  the  allusion  in  the  Gradus  ad  Can- 
tahrigiam  :  — 

"  My  head  with  ample  square  cap  crown. 
And  deck  with  Hood  my  shoulders." 

This  privilege  was  obtained  by  a  petition.  The 
collegians  met,  summoned  by  a  circular  from  one 
of  the  Monmouth  cap  undergraduates.  The  silk 
gown  now  so  generally  assumed  was  then  con- 
fined to  noblemen  graduates,  honorary  M.A.s, 
and  the  Public  Orator ;  all  others  used  only 
prince's  stuff,  fine  cloth,  or  bombazine. 

The  B.D.,  wearing  a  non-regent  habit,  was  yet 
distinguished  as  of  superior  grade,  by  his  cassock 
as  a  divine,  fifty  years  back  at  the  chancellor's 
levee,  or  on  presenting  an  address  to  the  throne  ; 
this  peculiarity  was  carefully  observed. 

To  revert  to  the  former  portion  of  my  paper. 
If  the  white  lining  cannot  with  propriety  be  re- 
tained by  those  who  so  habited  were  admitted 
M.A.,  and  have  never  become  Non-regents  or 
black  hoods,  it  follows  that  every  Cambridge 
M.A.  of  five  years'  standing  may  be  confounded 
with  an  Oxford  B.D.,  a  Cambridge  B.D.  (if  I  am 
a  cassocked  priest),  a  Cambridge  ten  years'  man, 
a  Durham  B.D.,  a  Dublin  B.D.,  and  should  Mr. 
GuTCH  be  correct  (but  that  I  doubt  in  this  case), 
a  Cambridge  L.L.B.  These  remarks  may  call 
attention  to  this-anomaly ;  if  habits  are  to  be  in- 
telligible, indications  of  a  man's  rank  and  univer- 
sity, he  does  not  indeed  lie  under  the  imputation 


of  "  wearing  garments  to  deceive ; "  but  if  any 
one  desires  to  know  the  truth,  he  must  ask  the 
wearer  of  the  plain  black  hood,  in  shape  and 
material  common  to  six  or  seven  different  gradua- 
tions. 

If  Oxford  gives  the  D.C.L.  crimson  lining  to 
her  masters,  why  should  not  our  Alma  Mater 
concede  to  us  either  our  unpretending  white  in 
perpetuity,  or  the  brighter  rose-colour  betokening 
our  university  fraternisation  with  the  divinity 
colours  of  Cambridge.  Distinctions  of  regent  and 
non-regent  are  unknown  beyond  Trumpington : 
why  should  the  difference  of  habit  be  obligatory 
upon  any  who  are  anxious  to  escape  the  in- 
consistency of  a  "  discrimen  obscurum  "  so  evi- 
dently confessed  on  all  hands,  and  which,  to  a 
certain  extent,  the  continuation  of  the  regent 
white  lining  would  correct  ?  E.  W. 


3Sit}flitS  to  :^m0r  ^xxtvit^, 

Michael  Di'uytons  Poems,  Lijrick  and  Pastorall 
(2""^  S.  vii.  457.).  —  In  Bibliotheco  Heheriana,  part 
4.,  No.  629.,  a  copy  of  this  rare  work  occurred, 
with  the  following  note  :  — 

"It  seems  to  have  been  printed  in  or  about  1G05,  to 
complete  the  reprint  of  Drayton's  Works  which  still 
wanted  his  Pastorals,  first  printed  in  1593,  under  the  title 
of  Idea.  Here  they  are  found,  though  altered  and  im- 
proved most  materially,  and  by  way  of  novelty  Drayton 
added  twelve  Odes,  and  a  Poera  called  the  Man  in  the 
Moon.  But  one  other  copy  of  this  edition  is  known,  and 
it  was  sold  recently  among  Mr.  Caldecott's  Books.  He 
supposed  it  to  be  the  only  copy  extant." 

In  Caldecott's  Sale  Catalogue  (No.  321.),  the 
note  to  the  article  in  question  runs  thus  :  — 

"  First  Edition  of  these  Poems,  and  probably  the  only 
copy  extant :  they  were  evidently  printed  about  the  year 
1605 ;  but  they  were  all  omitted  in  the  subsequent  col- 
lected Octavo  Editions  of  the  author's  Poems,  appearing 
for  the  second  time  in  the  folio  edition  printed  by  W. 
Stansby  (1619).  The  edition  appears  to  have  been  un- 
known to  Eitson,  Warton,"  &c.  &c. 

Although  perfect  copies  of  this  edition  of  Dray- 
ton's Poems  are  of  the  greatest  rarity,  imperfect 
ones  seem  to  be  comparatively  common.  The  late 
Mr.  Singer  possessed  one ;  I  am  the  owner  of  an- 
other, and  your  correspondent  J.  H.  W.  C.  has  a 
third.  Mr.  Singer's  copy  wanted  a  great  portion 
of  the  latter  part ;  my  copy  ends  abruptly  before 
the  conclusion  of  "  The  Eight  Eglog ; "  but  the 
copy  possessed  by  your  more  fortunate  correspon- 
dent, wants  only  a  leaf  or  two  at  the  end  of  "  The 
Man  in  the  Moone."  Edwakd  F.  RiMBAfLX. 

Cardinal  Howard  (2"^  S.  viii.  53.)  — Philip 
Howard,  afterwards  cardinal,  was  admitted  a  fel- 
low commoner  of  S.  John's  College,  Cambridge, 
4  July,  1 640,  but  took  no  degree. 

C.  H.  &  Thompsois  Coop£R. 
Cambridge. 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n'i  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59. 


Watson  Family  (2""^  S.  viii.  10.)— Although  I  am 
unable  to  answer  your  correspondent  2.  ©.,  the 
following  Information  may  be  new  and  interesting 
to  him  and  to  other  of  your  readers. 

1.  Watson  of  Malton,  co.  Ebor,  claimed  to  be 
of  the  Rockingham  family.    He  had  issue 

II.  1.  John  Watson.  2.  Pleasance  Watson. 
John  Watson,  a  solicitor,  is  buried  at  Malton. 
He  married  Hannah  Bagwith  of  Whitby,  coheir  of 
a  good  Yorkshire  stock.  Her  father  was  a  lawyer, 
and  his  picture  was,  and  probably  is,  at  Bilton. 
They  had 

III.  1.  George  Watson  of  Bilton  Park,  near 
Knaresborough,  where  he  is  buried.  He  married 
Clementina  Sobieski,  daughter  of  Sir  Thomas 
Kennedy,  and  niece  to  the  Earl  of  Cassilis.  They 
died  s.  p. 

2.  John  Watson  died  unmarried,  buried  at 
Knaresborough. 

3.  Elizabeth  Watson,  coheir,  died  4th  Nov. 
1798,  set.  eighty-nine.  Buried  at  Beverley.  Mar- 
ried the  Rev.  W.  Ward,  A.M.;  educated  at  Thorn- 
ton Grammar  School  and  Sidney  Sussex  Coll., 
Cambridge;  fifteen  years  master  of  Thornton, 
and  seventeen  years  of  Beverley  ;  resigned  1768  ; 
died  5th  Nov.  1772,  set.  sixty-three;  buried  in 
St.  Mary's  church,  Beverley.  He  was  also  rector 
of  Scawby  and  perpetual  curate  of  Yeddingham, 
and  the  author  of  an  English  Grammar,  and  of 

translations  from  Terence.  His  mother, Pen- 

nuch,  was  heiress  of  Broughton,  a  small  estate  sold 
by  his  son  John  Watson  to  his  brother-in-law 
Robinson  of  Houghton-Ie-Spring.  Their  children 
were  numerous.  The  eldest  representative  I  be- 
lieve to  be  Charles  Ward  of  Chapel  Street,  Lon- 
don. In  one  of  Mr.  Ward's  letters  he  speaks  of 
his  "  cousin  Baird." 

4.  Jane  Watson  married Dixon  of  Bever- 
ley. 

5.  Hannah  Watson  married Wingfield  of 

Hull,  and  had  issue. 

6.  Margaret  (or  Mary)  Watson  married  John 
Farsyde  of  Fylingdale,  co.  Ebor.  She  had  Bilton, 
and  left  Issue.  "  One-eighth  a  Watson." 

Athenasum  Club. 

I  beg  to  inform  2.  0.  that  Bilton  Park,  Bilton- 
wlth  Harrogate,  in  the  parish  of  Knaresborough, 
is  the  seat  of  the  family.  I  cannot  give  him  any 
precise  information  respecting  "  Jane  Watson," 
but  have  no  doubt  the  registry  at  Knaresborough 
will  give  the  information  he  requires. 

The  following  extract  from  Hargrove's  History 
of  Knaresborough,  5th  edit.,  1798,  maybe  inter- 
esting to  him :  — 

"  From  the  family  of  Stockdale  this  estate  (Bilton 
Park)  passed  by  sale  to  that  of  Watson,  John  Farside 
Watson  being  the  present  possessor.  This  gentleman  is 
descended  from  John  Farside  of  Farside,  in  Scotland, 
who  came  into  England  in  the  reign  of  James  the  First, 
and  was  made  bow-bearer  in  the  forest  of  Pickering,  in 


the  county  of  York ;  he  chiefly  resided  at  Filingdale  in 
Whitby  Strand,  and  bore  for  his  arms,  gules,  a  fess  or, 
between  three  bezants." 

The  mansion  is  at  present  the  residence  of  Miss 
G.  Farside  Watson.  Chas.  Forrest. 

Lofthouse,  Wakefield. 

Grave  Diggers  (2"'^  S.  vii.  475.;  viii.  39.)  —Mr. 
PxESSE  will  find  the  following  In  a  work  called 
Marvellous,  Rare,  Curious,  and  Quaint  (Ward  & 
Lock,  1 859),  edited  by  Edmund  Fillingham  King, 
Esq.  M.A.,  at  p.  211.:  — 

"  Frances  Barton  of  Horsley,  Derbyshire,  died  in  1789, 
aged  107.  She  was  a  midwife  for  eighty  years.  Her  hus- 
band had  been  seventy  years  sexton  of  the  parish.  They 
used  to  say  that  she  had  twice  brought  into  the  world, 
and  he  had  twice  buried  (or  taken  out  of  the  world,  I 
suppose,)  the  whole  parish." 

Probably  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  knows  the 
sexton's  age.    It  must  have  been  an  advanced  one. 
T.  C.  Anderson, 
H.M.'s  12th  Regiment,  Bengal  Army. 

NatJianiel  Ward  (2''^  S.  viii.  46.)  —  Nathaniel 
Ward,  born  2  Jan.  1605,  was  of  King's  College, 
Cambridge,  but  not  on  the  foundation.  He  pro- 
ceeded B.A.  1623-4,  and  commenced  M.A.  1627  ; 
was  vicar  of  Staindrop  in  the  county  palatine  of 
Durham,  and  was  slain  fighting  for  the  king  at 
Milium  Castle  in  Cumberland,  1644.  He  was  a 
very  learned  and  estimable  person.  See  as  to 
him,  Darrell's  Life  of  Basire,  25-35. ;  Surtees's 
Durham,  iv.  139,  140.;  Raine's  North  Durham, 
351. 

Nathaniel  Ward,   the  prebendary  of  Lincoln, 

was  of  Sidney  Sussex  College,  Cambridge,  B.A. 

1631-2,  M.A.  1635,  D.D.  by  royal  mandate,  1661. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

"  Urban"  as  a  Christian  Name  (2°*  S.  viii.  11.) 
—  The  origin  of  this  name  is  evidently  Roman. 
We  find  it,  indeed,  in  the  Greek  Testament, 
'Affirdaacrde  Ohpfiaviv.  But  the  Apostle  Paul  is  here 
writing  to  Rome,  and  the  Vulgate  gives  us  the 
same  name  In  its  Latin  form :  "  Salutate  TJrha- 
nuni"  (Rom.  xvl.  9.)  As  In  baptism  the  surname 
of  the  sponsor  sometimes  becomes  the  Christian 
name  of  the  child,  this  may  account  for  the  use 
of  Urban  as  a  Christian  name,  without  looking 
farther.  But  even  If  this  were  not  the  case,  the 
mere  fact  of  our  finding  the  name  in  the  New 
Testament,  especially  as  It  is  apparently  employed 
to  designate  a  believer,  would  account  for  Its  use 
in  Christian  baptism,  just  as  in  the  case  of  Mat- 
thetv,  Peter,  Timothy,  Tabitha,  Lydia,  8fc.  As  a 
surname.  Urban  is  Illustrious  In  Its  connexion  with 
Sylvanus,  which  began  with  the  year  1731 ;  Ur- 
ban also  occurs  in  the  London  Directory  for  1858 
and  1859.  .    Thomas  Boys. 

Scotch  Paraphrases  (2"^  S.  vii.  358.)  —  Mr. 
Husband  (2°"  S.  vii.  483.)  does  not  seem  to  be 


2'>''  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


77 


aware  that,  although  some  of  the  paraphrases 
claimed  by  the  Rev,  Dr.  Mackelvie  for  Michael 
Bruce  may  have  been  written  by  him,  and  only 
altered  by  Logan,  others  were  composed,  as  I 
have  been  informed,  before  either  of  these  were 
born,  and  only  slightly  modified  by  each  in  his 
own  way.  The  late  Itev.  Principal  Lee  of  Edin- 
burgh, I  believe,  satisfied  Dr.  Mackelvie  of  this, 
but  not  till  after  he  had  published  his  Life  of 
Bruce  in  1837.  Had  another  edition  been  called 
for,  Dr.  M.  would  in  all  probability  have  modified 
some  of  his  statements.  The  late  Principal  Lee 
had  acquired  more  correct  information  on  such 
points  than  any  other  of  the  present  century  ;  and 
although  willing  to  communicate  when  requested, 
has,  it  is  understood,  left  behind  him  little  to  afford 
a  clue  to  others.  W.  A. 

Knights  made  hy  Cromwell  (2"^  S.  viii.  18.  31.) 

—  In  Harl.  MS.  (6146.)  is  a  trick  of  the  arms  of 
one  of  Cromwell's  knights  :  "  Collonell  S""  Tho. 
Pryde  knited  per  y^  Protector  Oliver,  1657." 

Gu.  on  a  chev.  between  3  lions'  heads,  erased 
arg.  two  eels  naiant  respecting  each  other.  Crest. 
A  lion's  head  erased  or,  between  two  palm 
branches  disposed  in  orle  vert.  Cl.  Hopper. 

Richard  Pepys  (2'"i  S.  viii.  46.)  —  The  Richard 
Pepys  born  1643  was  no  doubt  son  of  Richard 
Pepys  of  Ashen  in  4he  county  of  Essex,  by  Mary, 
daughter  of  John  Scott  of  Water  Belchamp  in  the 
same  county.  He  is  said  to  have  been  a  student 
at  Cambridge,  but  his  college  has  not  been  as- 
certained. He  ultimately  settled  at  Warfield, 
in  Berks,  and  died  at  Hackney  in  May,  1722. 
The  Pepys  of  Pembroke  Hall,  B.A.  1662,  was 
named  Robert.  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopee. 

Woodroof  {Asperula  odorata)  (2""^  S.  viii.  13. 35.) 

—  Having  carefully  compared  a  specimen  in  my 
herbarium,  gathered  at  the  Okelei  Lake,  in  the 
Grand  Duchy  of  Oldenburg,  province  Eutin,  with 
a  British  one  gathered  at  Brixton,  I  find  that  there 
is  no  material  difference  in  them,  except  that  the 
German  Waldmeister  grows  in  general  a  little 
larger  than  our  British  woodruff.  S.  K. 

Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists  (2"*^  S.  vii.  522.) — 
The  city  of  Norwich  affords  another  instance  in 
addition  to  that  given  by  Mb.  Woodward.  The 
elder  Crome,  who  commenced  life  as  a  house- 
painter,  painted  a  sign  for  "  The  Sawyers"  in  St. 
Martin's.  After  doing  duty  for  several  years,  it 
was  taken  down  by  the  owner  of  the  house,  the 
late  Peter  Finch,  Esq.,  and  by  him  carefully  pre- 
served till  the  time  of  his  death,  some  seven  or 
,  eight  months  since.  Mr.  Finch's  personalty  being 
dispersed  on  that  event,  the  present  writer  has 
lost  all  farther  traces  of  it.  T.  B.  B.  H. 

"■Englishry"  and '^  Irishry"  (2"-^  S.  viii.  12.)— 
These  words,  employed  by  Lord  Macaulay  and 


queried  by  your  correspondent,  are  terms  recog- 
nised in  our  language ;  and  both  of  them  may  be 
found  in  Wright's  excellent  Universal  Pronouncing 
Dictionary.  "  L-ishry,  the  people  of  Ireland." 
"  Englishry"  is  the  modern  representative  of  a 
very  old  word.  "Englecarie,  Englicherie,  Engle- 
seyre.  [Old  law  term]  the  being  an  Englishman." 
(Bailey,  Die.  Britan.)  In  Cowel's  Law  Dic- 
tionary may  be  found  a  full  account  of  the  word 
in  its  legal  sense,  under  the  various  forms  of 
"  Englecery,  Englechery,  Englechire,  or  Eng- 
lishery,  in  Latin,  Engleceria."  Thomas  Boys. 

Rev.  Richard  Lu/kin  (2"*  S.  viii.  53.)  —  AVe 
doubt  not  that  he  is  identical  with  Richard  Love- 
kin  of  Jesus  College,  Cambridge,  who  commenced 
M.A.  1615.  The  statement  that  he  lived  to  110 
seems  to  us  highly  improbable. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Water7narhs  in  Paper  (2"^  S.  vi.  434.  491.;  vii. 
110,  265.)  The  Illustrirtes  Familien- Journal 
(Ister  Band,  No.  276.  s.  159.)  brings  home  to 
Suabia  the  invention  of  making  paper  from  linen 
rags,  and  says  it  was  first  put  into  practice  by  the 
Hollaein  family  of  Ravensburg.  The  oldest  docu- 
ment on  this  kind  of  paper  is  dated  a.  d.  1301. 
Now,  as  the  Holbein  arms  bore  a  bull's  head,  we 
find  this  symbol  imprinted  as  watermark  in  all 
the  paper  from  the  old  Ravensburg  mill.  And 
in  Pomerania,  in  Friesland,  in  Paris,  in  Bohemia, 
records  are  extant,  written  on  this  so-called  bull's- 
head-paper,  the  oldest  linen  paper  existing,  Faust 
and  Schoeffer  used  it  to  their  first  impressions. 
On  many  sheets  we  also  find  a  clapper  or  rattle, 
such  as,  in  olden  time,  the  lepers  carried,  to  warn 
the  approaching  wayfarers  of  their  dangerous 
neighbourhood.  Tliis  symbol  is  related  to  the 
Holbein  Hospital  for  Lepers  at  Ravensburg,  to 
which  a  part  was  assigned  in  the  Flatterbach 
papermill.  From  the  identical  family  sprang  the 
two  painters  Holbein,  of  whom  the  last  became 
one  of  the  greatest  ornaments  of  the  German 
School.  The  town  of  Ravensburg  to  this  time 
has  kept  on  with  paper-making. 

From  the  Navorschers  Bijblad*  for  1853,  pp. 
xiv.  and  xv.,  it  however  appears  that  linen-paper 
was  already  known  in  the  twelfth  century.  Thus 
the  question  arises,  does  the  paper  from  before 
1301  exhibit  a  watermark  ?  and,  if  not,  does  not 
the  mark  only  denote  a  progress  in  paper-making  ? 
For,  if  the  first  query  could  be  replied  to  aflirm- 
atively,  we  should  have  the  means  at  least  to  guess 

*  The  Navorsclier's  Bijblad,  or  Appendix  to  the  Navor- 
scher,  was  started  in  1853,  in  order  to  receive  the  subse- 
quent answers  to  questions  which  had  already  been  treated 
in  the  Navorscher.  Thus  more  room  was  given  in  the 
mother-paper  for  going  on  with  fresh  subjects,  and,  at 
the  same  time,  an  opportunity  was  opened  for  once  more 
reverting  to  an  old  subject  and  more  fully  elucidating 
what  had  been  said. 


78 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2^'i  S.  VIII.  July  23.  'of 


the  dates  of  such  documents  as  are  on  water- 
marked paper,  but  are  dateless.  The  honour, 
ascribed  to  the  Holbein  family,  seems  to  deserve 
clipping  in  so  far  that  its  members  have  only 
been  the  inventors  of  maldvg  ivatermarks  in  paper. 
Did  I  guess  aright  ?  J.  H.  van  Lennep. 

Zeyst,  July  14  1859. 

John  Allivgton  (2"''  S.  viii.  46.)  —  John  Ailing- 
ton  was  of  Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  B.A. 
1625-6,  M.A.  1629,  rector  of  Uppingham,  and 
vicar  of  Leamington,  a  good  preacher,  and  author 
of  several  works.  We  know  not  the  date  of  his 
death,  but  hope  through  the  medium  of  your  co- 
lumns to  obtain  it.      C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Tooth  and  Egg  Metal,  Tutenag  (2'"^  S.  vii.  478. 
519. ;  viii.  38.) — The  transmutation  oHutenag  into 
tooth-and-egg,  as  recently  sot  forth  in  the  pages  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  is  a  very  amusing  instance  of  what 
our  vernacular  can  effect ;  but  what  is  the  word 
tutenag  itself?  Some  say  it  is  Portuguese,  some 
Chinese,  some  Indian. 

If  your  correspondent,  who  tells  us  that  tutenag 
is  "  Indian,  as  its  derivation  shows,"  will  only 
trace  this  derivation  to  our  satisfaction,  and  tell 
us  to  what  Indian  language  he  refers  it,  we  then 
can  convince  ourselves,  and  of  course  there  will 
be  no  room  for  farther  controversy  upon  the  sub- 
ject ;  but  whether  this  can  be  done  remains  to  be 
seen.  As  to  the  Chinese  origin  of  the  word  tu- 
tenag, this  is  so  far  from  according  with  the 
views  of  Dr.  Morrison,  that  in  his  English- Chinese 
Dictionary  that  learned  lexicographer  gives  us 
tutenag  as  an  English  word,  for  which  the  Chinese 
is  pih-yiien. 

My  reasons  for  preferring,  in  the  present  state 
of  the  question,  a  Porfo^yese  .derivation  for  tute- 
nag, are  briefly  these.  What  we  now  call  Ger- 
man silver,  which  is  one  of  the  many  alloys  that 
have  been  termed  tutenag,  does  not  appear  to 
•have  been  made  in  Europe  till  about  the  com- 
mencement of  the  present  century ;  and  some 
of  us  may  well  remember  its  inti:oduction  into 
this  country  under  the  name  of  albata.  But 
various  alloys,  resembling  in  their  appearance 
German  silver,  and  known  by  the  name  of  white 
copper  (Weiss-Kupfer}  were  made  in  Germany 
long  before.  The  Portuguese,  meeting  with  a 
similar  article  in  their  early  commerce  with  India 
and  China,  would  at  once  be  struck  with  the  re- 
semblance ;  and,  speaking  in  their  own  language, 
would  naturally  call  it  prata  I'eutonicu  (German 
.silver).  Teutonica  thus  becomes  the  trade  name 
of  the  eastern  article ;  and  in  due  time  comes 
back  to  Europe,  transmuted  into  tutenag. 

Tutenag  is  also  called  tiitenago  (Encyc,  and 
Beckmann)  and  tutenaga  (Moraes).  These  last 
two  forms  represent  the  Portuguese  masculine 
and  feminine  :  —  metal   Teiitonico,  m.,    (German 


metal)  ;  prata  Teutonica,  f.,  (German  silver). 
Teutonico,  Teutonica;  hence  Tutenago,  Tute- 
naga —  Tutenag. 

The  Chinese  pih  yuen,  already  mentioned,  has 
experienced  in  its  passage  to  Europe  the  still 
more  extraordinary  transmutation  into  pachjyn 
and  pakfong !  Thomas  Boys. 

Orchestra  at  Handel's  Commemoration  :  the 
Bassoon  (2"''  S.  vii.  370.)  —  It  seems  surprising, 
in  looking  over  the  list  of  instruments,  to  fiiul 
such  a  predominance  of  bassoons  —  2.5  to  21  vio- 
loncelli  —  while  at  the  Philharmonic  at  the  pre- 
sent time  we  have  but  2  bassoons  to  8  celii ;  or 
four  times  the  number.  At  the  Sociele  des  Con- 
certs at  Paris  there  are  4  bassoons  to  8  celli, 
and  the  quality  of  the  bass  is  much  improved,  and 
the  reeds  of  the  oboe  and  clarinet  better  balanced. 

Still  stranger  is  the  list  of  the  orchestra  given 
by  Mr.  HcsK  (p.  290.),  where  they  are  7  bas- 
soons to  only  2  "  violinchelloes."  It  would  be 
very  interesting  to  the  musical  antiquary  if  the 
readers  of  "  IST.  &  Q."  would,  from  time  to  time, 
contribute  lists  of  the  orchestras  on  different  great 
occasions ;  the  comparison  would,  I  believe,  turn 
out  to  be  very  curious.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

"  Night:  a  Poein'  (2"^  S.  viii.  11.)  — A.  D.  is 
doubtless  correct  as  to  the  matter  of  fact ;  but  I 
suspect  the  poem,  the  authorship  of  which  was  in- 
quired after  by  a  previous  correspondent,  was  one 
bearing  the  same  title,  and  published  anonymously 
by  the'  late  Ebenezer  Elliott,  and  will  be  found 
among  his  collected  Works.  '■'Night,"  said  the 
Monthly  Reviewer,  "  is  in  the  very  worst  style  of 
ultra-German  bombast  and  horror."  A  dictum, 
which,  like  some  of  the  earlier  criticisms  on 
Wordsworth  — if  read  by  the  light  of  subsequent 
productions  — few,  if  any,  of  the  admirers  of  the 
"  Corn  Law  Rhymer,"  will  consent  to  indorse. 

J.  H. 

Nostradamus :  "  Cinq  Mars"  (2""*  S.  viii.  50.) 
—  In  the  Middle  Ages  the  French  word  marc^  was 
not  unfrequently  written  mar.  The  word  signi- 
fied, too,  not  only  a  certain  amount  of  money,  but 
a  weight,  of  eight  ounces:  consequently  Cinq 
Mars  (five  marks)  will  be  equivalent  to  Quaranta 
onces  (forty  ounces).  Hekbt  T.  Riley. 

In  answer  to  the  question  of  F.  Z.,  the  pun, 

Quarante  onces,  consists  in  the  fact  that  the  old 

French  "  marc  d'argent"  being  equivalent  to  eight 

ounces,    '■'■cinq  mar(c)s"  was    or   were   equal    to 

forty  ounces.  Gustave  Masson. 

Harrow. 

PegTankard  (2"'^  S.  vii.  434.)— This  peg  tankard 
evidently  belonged  to  a  Pomeroy,  but,  as  to  date, 
who  can  assign  one  without  ocular  inspection  ? 

V.  R. 


2n<>  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


79 


Pregnane}]  a  ground  of  Reprieve  (2"''  S.  viii.  29.) 
—  The  ground  for  the  "reprieve"  under  the  cir- 
cumstances respecting  which  Ache  inquires,  was 
that  bare  humanity  forbade  the  extinction  of  a 
guiltless  life,  along  with  that  of  the  criminal.  But 
the  following,  from  Hudibras  (Part  iii.  canto  i. 
11.  883,  884.),  will  show  that  the  "  vulgar  error" 
(if  it  be  one,  in  the  strict  sense  of  the  term),  is  of 
wide  spread  and  long  standing  :  — 

"  Who,  therefore,  in  a  strait,  may  freely 
Demand  the  clergy  of  her  belly." 

B.  B.  WOODW^KD. 
Haverstock  Hill. 

Bull  and  Bear  (2"^  S.  vii.  585.  &c.)  —  Your 
correspondent  has  probably  mistaken  ray  mean- 
ing. I  do  not  say  that  the  terms  were  not  known, 
but  he  will  pardon  if  I  doubt  still  whether  they 
were  very  generally  used.  Swift,  it  is  true  (loc. 
cit.),  says  Curll  sold  the  Thirty-nine  Articles  to 
the  Jews,  who  converted  him  "  for  a  Bull ;  "  but 
here  it  is  evident  the  phrase  applies  to  the  trans- 
action, and  not  to  the  person.  Again,  it  is  very 
curious  that  in  Foote's  Mayor  of  Garratt  (written 
in  1763),  although  one  of  the  principal  characters 
is  a  stockbroker,  and  though,  on  account  of  his 
bearishness,  he  is  called  Bruin,  yet  there  is  not 
the  slightest  allusion  to  Bulls  and  Bears  in  con- 
nexion with  the  Stock  Exchange  throughout  the 
piece  ;  and,  when  we  think  how  irresistible  a 
pun  always  was  to  Foote,  it  seems  impossible  to 
believe  that  these  phrases  were  familiar  to  him. 
I  hope  your  correspondent  Mr.  Wylie  will  not 
lose  sight  of  the  subject.  It  is  not  only  curious 
in  itself,  but,  as  he  suggests,  it  may  assist  us  much 
in  judging  how  far  to  rely  on  Horace  Walpole's 
knowledge,  or  rather  affected  ignorance,  of  things 
of  the  day.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

John  Bedmayne  (2""*  S.  viii.  46.)  —  John  Red- 
mayne  was  of  Caius  College,  Cambridge;  B.A. 
1644-0,  M.A.  1648,  D.D.  by  royal  mandate,  1661. 
In  the  printed  Graduati  he  is  called  Redman,  and 
his  college  is  not  given. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Herhert  Knowles  (2°*  S.  viii.  55.)  —  Herbert 
Knowles  was  born  at  Gomersall,  near  Leeds,  in 
1798.  Brother  of  J.  C.  Knowles,  an  eminent 
barrister  on  the  Northern  Circuit,  and  Q.  C. 
Destined  for  the  ledger  at  Liverpool ;  was  placed 
in  the  Grammar  School  at  Richmond  ;  lauded  by 
Montgomery  in  "  The  Christian  Poet."  Died  at 
Gomersall,  Feb.  17,  1817.  He  left  behind  him  a 
manuscript  volume  of  poems,  the  earliest  of  which 
was  published  in  the  Liteixiry  Gazette  for  1824. 
His  "  Three  Tabernacles  "  is  a  fine  composition. — 
Carlisle's  Hist,  of  Endoxved  Grammar  Schools. 

J.  S. 


John  Heylin  (2"*  S.  viii.  46.)  —  John  Heylin 
was  of  Emmanuel  College,  Cambwdge,  B.A. 
1622-3,  M.A.  1626.    C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 


Sflt3cenauc0tiS. 

NOTES   ON    BOOKS,   ETC. 

The  Camden  jUiscellany,  Volume  the  Fourth.    (Camden 
Society.) 

The  volmnes  of  The  Camden  3Iiscellany  have  always 
been  among  the  most  popular  of  any  issued  by  the 
Society;  and  our  readers  may  judge  from  the  curiosity 
and  interest  of  the  contents  of  the  present  volume  how 
far  it  is  likely  to  equal  its  predecessors  in  the  favour  of 
the  Members.  It  contains  seven  articles :  —  I.  A  London 
Chronicle  during  the  Reigns  of  Henry  VII.  and  Henry 
VIII.,  edited  from  the  Original  3fS.  in  the  Cottonian  Li- 
brary by  Mr.  Hopper.  II.  The  Expenses  of  the  Judges  of 
Assize  riding  the  Westerri  and  Oxford  Circuits  temp. 
Elizabeth,  1596^1601,  from  the  MS.  Account  Book  of 
Thomas  Walmysley,  One  of  the  Judges  of  the  Common 
Pleas,  edited  by  Mr.  Durrant  Cooper.  III.  The  Skryce- 
ner's  Play  :  The  Incredulity  of  St.  Thomas  ;  from  a  MS, 
in  the  Possession  of  John  Sykes,  MI).,  of  Doncaster, 
edited  by  Mr.  Collier.  IV.  The  Childe  of  Bristow,  a  Poem 
by  John  Lydgate,  edited,  from  the  Original  MS.  in  the 
British  Museum,  by  Mr.  Hopper.  V.  Sir  Edward  Lake's 
Account  of  his  Interviews  luith  Charles  I.,  edited  by  Mr. 
Langmead.  VI.  The  Letters  of  Pope  to  Atterbury  ichen 
in  the  Tower  of  London,  edited  by  Mr.  J.  G.  Isichols. 
And  the  last  article  is,  VII.  Supplementary  Note  to  the 
Discovery  of  the  Jesuits'  College  at  Clerkenwell  in  March, 
1627-8,  edited  by  Mr.  J.  G.  Nichols,  who  contributed  the 
original  paper  on  the  subject  in  the  second  volume  of 
The  Caniden  Miscellany. 

Diary  of  the  3Iarches  of  the  Royal  Army  during  the 
Great  Civil  War,  kept  by  Richard  Symonds;  now  First 
Published  from  the  Original  MS.  in  the  British  Museum. 
Edited  by  Charles  Long,  M.A.     (Camden  Society.) 

This  Diary  of  an  officer  who,  at  the  outbreak  of  the 
Civil  Wars,  joined  the  Royal  standard — and  who,  during 
the  various  operations  in  which  he  was  engaged,  seems 
never  to  have  lost  sight  of  his  ruling  passion  —  the  love 
of  topography,  genealogy,  and  heraldry — but  to  have 
marched,  note-book  in  hand,  ready  to  jot  down  whatever 
he  saw  in  old  churches  or  mansions  illustrative  of  his 
favourite  studies,  has  long  been  known  to  antiquaries  as 
a  valuable  record  of  much  that  is  now  lost,  and  which  but 
for  Symonds'  notes  would  be  altogether  forgotten.  Parrj-, 
Shaw,  Hutchins,  Nichols,  L3'sons,  and  Walpole,  have  all 
made  use  of  the  original  MS.  This  is  now  placed  at  the 
service  of  all  interested  in  the  pursuits  which  occupied 
the  attention  of  Richard  Symonds ;  and  their  thanks  are 
due  to  the  Camden  Societj'  for  undertaking  the  publica- 
tion of  this  curious  volume,  and  in  an  especial  degree  to 
]Mr.  Long  for  the  trouble  bestowed  on  its  editorship.  We 
ought  to  add,  that  it  is  accompanied  by  that  great  essen- 
tial to  a  work  like  the  present  —  a  full  and  well-compiled 
Index  of  Names  and  Places. 

The  Quarterly  Revieiv,  No.  211.,  July,  1859.  (Murray.) 
The  present  Quarterly,  if  somewhat  less  political  than 
usual,  is,  if  possible,  more  varied  and  amusing.  Its  only 
political  article.  The  Invasion  of  England,  is  devoted  to 
the  important  subject  which  is  at  last  engaging,  as  it 
ought  to  have  done  long  since,  the  attention  of  all  par- 
ties, the  defences  of  the  country.  The  Progress  of  Geology, 
and  The  Islands  of  the  Pacific,  are  articles  calculated  to 
interest  the  man  of  science.    Two  capital  biographical 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2n«»  S.  VIII.  July  23.  '59. 


sketches  are  furnished  on  the  subject  of  Erasmus  and 
Burgon's  Life  of  Tytler.  A  pleasant  gossipy  paper  on 
Annals  and  Anecdotes  of  Life  Assurance  balances  another 
on  Mr.  Chappell's  valuable  history  of  Popular  Music  of 
the  Olden  Time,  and  the  number  is  completed  by  one  of 
those  graphic  and  well-written  sketches  of  the  English 
counties  which  have  formed  features  of  the  later  Quar- 
terlies — Berkshire,  "  the  royal  county,",  forming  the  sub- 
ject of  the  present  paper. 

Bentley^s  Quarterly  Review.  No.  IL  July.  (Bentley.) 
Bentley's  Quarterly  flushes  its  crimson  banner  boldly 
before  the  whole  army  of  litterateurs,  as  if  ready  to  break 
a  lance  with  all  or  any  of  them.  The  present  number  is 
strongly  political,  having  no  less  than  three  articles  on 
subjects  of  political  interest — The  Faction  Fights;  France; 
and  The  Campaign  in  Italy.  The  interests  of  Art  also  re- 
ceive especial  attention  in  the  present  number,  in  two 
articles  devoted  to  The  Dramas  of  the  Day  and  The  Art 
Exhibition  o/1859.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Bellew,  Mr.  Spurgeon, 
and  the  Rector  of  Winchilsea  furnish  materials  for  an  in- 
teresting paper  on  Popular  Preaching.  Philosophical 
minds  are  catered  for  in  an  article  on  Modern  German 
Philosophy.  Mr.  Ross's  excellent  edition  of  Lord  Corn- 
wallis's  Correspondence  is  the  subject  of  a  capital  article 
as  much  on  Ireland  as  on  Lord  Cornwallis ;  nor  must  we 
omit  to  notice  a  well-written  paper  on  Adam  Bede  and 
other  recent  Novels. 


BOOKS     AND    ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO  PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  follo'vring  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  acd  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

LiNK^.AN  Society's  Transactions.    A  Set. 
ELtis's  History  of  the  Corallines. 

Histort  op  Zoophytes. 

Porcopine's  Works,    12  Vols. 
Barlow's  Coldmbiad.    ■Ito.,  witli  plates. 

BURCKHARDX'S  ARABIA.      4t0. 

Arabic  Proverbs.    4to. 

Howell's  State  Trials.    Vols.  XXII.  to 

Drayton's  Works.    8vo.    Vol.  III. 

Fox's  Speeches.    6  Vols.    Boards. 

Fielding's  Works.    10  Vols.  8vo.    1821.    Boards. 

Smollett's  Works,  by  Moore.    8  vols.    Boards. 

MoRERi,  Grand  Dictionnaire.    10  Vols.    1759. 

Wanted  by  C.  J.  Skeet,  10.  King  William  Street,  Strand,  W.  C. 


Robert  Nelson's  Works  Epitomized.    2  Vols.  12mo.    1715. 

Christian  Sacrifice.    The  17th  and  18th  editions. 

Practice   op   Tbde   Devotion.    Any  edition  before 

1716. 

Instructions   for  them  that  come  to  be  confirmed 


BT  WAY  op  Qdestion  AND  Answbb.    Any  editiou  beforc  1712. 

.  Earnest  Exhortation   to  Housekeepehs   to  set  up 


the  Worship  of  God  in  their  Families.    The  1st  edition  (the  2nd 
was  in  1702). 

Whole  Duty  of  a  Christian,  by  way  op  Question 


and  Answer  ;  exactly  pursuant  to  the  Method  of  the  Whole  Duty  of 
Man.    1st  edition.    1704. 
PuTTicK  and  Simpson's  Catalogue    of   the  Collection   op  the  Auto- 
graph Letters  and  Historical  MSS.  formed  by  the  late  Francis 
Moore,  Esq.    On  fine  paper,  24  plates.    1856. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  C.  F.  Secretmi,  10.  Besborough  Gardens,  Westminster. 


Among  other  articles  of  interest  lohich  will  appear  in  our  next  or  fol- 
Imting  number,  we  may  mention  Sir  O.  C.  Lewis  on  The  Lion  in  Greece; 
List  of  Wrtters  in  Foreign  Quarterly  Review!  Molly  Mog;  and  a  Paper 
on  Junius. 

E.  L.  in  the  2nd  vol.  of  our  Ist  Series,  Mr.  Singer  suggested  that  "  tJte 
Bar  of  Michael  Angela  alluded  to  his  protuberant  brow,  which  seen  in 
profile  projected  almost  beyond  tlie  nose. 

X.  N.  Our  correspondent  has  overlooked  an  aHicle  on  the  use  of  the 
word"  Reverend"  in  our  1st  S.  vi.246. 

Mslnotte.    for  a  mode  of  computing  cousinship,  see  1st  8.  v.  342. 

Erratum.  —  2nd  S.  viii.  p.  55,  col,  i,  1, 24.  for  " numbers  "  read "  nim- 
bus.'' 


.  Notes  and  Queries  ts  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
muecfin  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  lis.  4rf.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  o/^ Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.:  to  whom 
all  Communications  for  the  Editor  should  be  addressed. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

^  Pjb'mm  of  Inttv-CommnttuatioH 

TOR 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 
GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 
•        Price  id.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.   165.  —  July  16th. 

NOTES  :  — Archbishop  Leighton's  Works  — Caxton  :  Pinson,  &c.,  by 
B.  H.  Cowper  —  Rob  Ker  and  the  Fashions  of  1719  _  Probation 
Lists  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  by  Rev.  Charles  J.  Robinson,  M.A. 

—  Henry  IV.,  by  Philip  Phillipson— A  Mussulman's  View  of  Eng- 
land :  A  Fragment  —  Andrew  Marvell's  Letter  to  John  Milton,  by 
CI.  Hopper. 

Minor  Notes  :  — Gat- toothed  —  Nomination  of  a  Member  of  Parlia- 
ment by  a  Bishop  —  A  Snuff-box  of  the  First  Napoleon  —  Dutch  Gun- 
founts  for  a  King  of  England  in  1413— Riding-coat :  "Redingote"  — 
Eliot  Warburton. 

QUERIES  :  —Elizabethan  Poems  in  Sion  CoUege. 

Minor  Queries  :  — Meaning  of  "  Cadewoldes  "  —  Harpoys  et  Fysshe- 
ponde  "  —  Antiquities  at  Wrexham  —  Nostradamus  —  Miller's  "  Lec- 
tures on  the  Greek  Language  "  — "  Rem  acu  tetigisti " —Irish  Stamps 

—  Chatterton  Manuscript  —  Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery  —  James 
Thomson  —  Adenborough  —  Birth  and  Death- years  of  British  and 
American  Authors  —  The  Pretender— Sacheverell. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:- Cardinal  Howard,  &c.  — "To  sleep 
like  a  top  "  —  Re  v.  Richard  Luf  kin  —  Coal ,  when  first  used  in  England 
for  Domestic  Purposes —Elizabeth  Woodville. 

REPLIES  :  -  "  The  Style  is  the  Man  Himself." . 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  :  — Figures  of  King  Henry  VI. —  Herbert 
Knowles  — Wife  of  Archbishop  Palliser  —  The  Gulf-Stream  and  Cli- 
mate of  England  —  Cromwell's  Children—Catalogue  of  Shakspeariana 

—  Barnstaple:  Barum— Elizabeth  Long —Hill;   Harley;  Jennings 

—  Special  Licences  —  John  Jones  —  Aldrynton,  &c . 
Notes  on  Books,  &c.      

A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES :  — 

First  Series,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  61.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  3/.  13s.  6d.  clotli ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 

Now  Complete. 

POPULAR  MUSIC  OF  THE  OLDEN  TIME. 
ACollectionof  Ancient  Songs,  Ballads,  and  Dance  Tunes,  illus- 
tratmg  the  National  Music  of  England.  The  Airs  arranged  chrono- 
logically, and  in  modern  notation,  with  notices  from  Dramatists  and 
other  writers  of  the  16th  and  17th  centuries.  Also  Introductions  to  the 
various  Reigns,  and  a  short  account  of  the  Minstrels,  by  W.  CHAP- 
PELL,  F.S.A.  The  Airs  harmonised  by  G.  A.  MACFARREN.  In 
Two  Vols.,  imp.  8vo.,  hot  pressed,  with  fac-similes  of  Manuscripts,  SiC, 
■21.  8s. ;  also  Parts  16  and  17  (double  part),  6s. 

CRAMER,  BE  ALE,  &  CHAPPELL,  201.  Regent  Street. 


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ment in  the  Printing  Art.  A  Specimen  Book  of  Types,  and  informa- 
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2»*  S.  VIII.  July  80.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


81 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  JULY  30.  1859. 


N».  187.  — CONTENTS, 

NOTES  :  —  The  Lion  in  Greece,  by  Sir  O .  C.  Lewis,  81  _  "  Molly  Moe," 
34 —  Kelp, 81  — Napoleon '8Esear)e from  Elba,  by  H.  D'Aveney,  86. 

Minor  Notes: — Lord  Howe  —  Harry-Sophister- Errors  in  Debrett 

Original  of  the  Faust  Legends  —  Faber  v.  Smith,  86. 

QUERIES:  -Letters  of  Cranmer  and  Osiander:  Richard  Smith's  Book 
Sale,  1632,  87—  Ulphilas,  76. 

Mmon  QtTKBiEs  :  — Gloucestershire  Churches  — Dundalk  Accommoda- 
tion— Harding  Family  —  Scutch  Mills  in  Ireland—  Story  of  Marshal 
Turenne  —  Revivals  of  1810  —  Brathwaite  —  Sir  Stephen  Jenins,  Lord 
Mayor  of  London  in  1508  — Booksellers' Lists  — Greek  Word  — Lady 
Arabella  Denny— Earldom  of  Melfott  -  St.  Patrick's  Ridsies  —  En- 
caustic Paintings  at  Pompeii— "The  Parliament  of  Pimlico"  and 
"The  Olio"—  Aborough  or  Borough  Family  — Gilbert  Burnet,  M.A. 
_  Othello  by  Hauff,  &e.,  88. 

Minor  Qiteries  with  Answers:  —  Pandy  —  Rev.  Thomas  Hanison 

Route  Map  of  Switzerland— R.  Roxby  and  J.  Shield,  89. 

REPLIES  :— Dean  Conybeare's  "Elementary  Lectures,"  by  J.  H. 
Markland,  90- "Andrew  Marvell's  Letter  to  John  Milton,"  by  K. 
Carruthers,  7?j.  — Classical  Cockneyism,  91— Celtic  Remains  in  Ja- 
maica, by  J.  H.  van  Lcnnep,  &c.,  91. 

Repiirs  to  Minor  Queries  :  — The  Legend  of  Bethsellert  —  Medical 
Tract  by  Marat:  Marat  in  Edinburgh  —  Vertue's  "Draughts"  — 
L'Acad(/mie  Frangaisc  —  Chatterton  AIS.  —  De  Foe's  Descendants  — 
Watson,  Yorkshire  —  Halls  of  Grcatford— Coals,  when  First  used 
in  England- Calverley  Family —"  Baratariana "  —  Rev.  George 
Holiwell  — Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists  — John  St.  Lowe  —  County 
Voters'  Qualification-  "  The  Dance  of  Death,"  &c.,  93. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE   LION   IN   GREECE. 

9 

The  lion  is  frequently  mentioned  by  Homer  in 
descriptive  similitudes;  in  such  a  manner  as  to 
show  that  he  was  well-acquainted  with  the  habits 
and  appearance  of  the  animal ;  whether  his  know- 
ledge was  acquired  in  Asia  Minor,  in  Northern 
Greece,  or  in  the  Peloponnesus  (see  Heyne,  vol. 
vii.  p.  265. ;  Lenz,  Zoologie  der  Alien,  p.  126.). 

The  Greek  mythology  on  several  occasions  re- 
presents the  lion  as  an  inhabitant  of  Greece.  The 
Nemean  lion  inhabited  a  cavern  with  two  mouths, 
in  Mount  Treton,  between  Mycense  and  Nemea. 
Its  destruction  was  one  of  the  twelve  labours  of 
Hercules  (Pans,,  ii.  15.  2.;  ApoUod.,  ii.  5.  1,; 
Diod.  iv.  11.),  who  is  related  to  have  accomplished 
this  feat  by  the  unaided  strength  of  his  arms,  and 
without  the  aid  of  any  weapon  (Eur.  Here.  Fur., 
153.  ;  Nonn.,  xxv.  176.).  Admetus,  king  of 
Pherae,  loved  Alcestis,  the  daughter  of  Pelias :  her 
father  promised  to  give  her  to  the  man  who  should 
harness  lions  and  wild  boars  to  the  same  chariot. 
Apollo  enabled  Admetus  to  fulfil  this  condition, 
and  Admetus  married  Alcestis  (Apollod.,  i.  9.  15.). 
Adrastus,  king  of  Argos,  in  obedience  to  an  ora- 
cle which  ordered  him  to  marry  his  daughter  to  a 
wild  boar  and  a  lion,  gave  Deipyle  to  Tydeus,  and 
Argea  to  Polynices,  because  they  bore  respec- 
tively the  images  of  those  animals  on  their  shields 
(ApoUod.,  iii.  6.  1.). 

It  seems  that  the  Macedonians,  unlike  the  other 
Greeks,  had  the  custom  of  not  erecting  a  trophy 
after  a  victory.  This  custom  was  explained  by  a 
story  that  Caranus,  the  mythical  king  of  Mace- 
donia, erected  a  trophy  in  commemoration  of  a 
victory  over  Cisseus,  a  neighbouring  king;   and 


that  it  was  overturned  by  a  lion  which  descended 
from  Mount  Olympus  (Pans.,  ix.  40.  4.).  It 
was  also  related^  that  the  son  of  Megareus,  king  of 
Megara,  was  slain  by  a  lion  from  Mount  Cithaeron ; 
whereupon  the  king  promised  his  daughter,  and 
the  succession  of  his  kingdom,  to  whoever  should 
kill  the  Cithaeronian  lion.  This  feat  was  accom- 
plished by  Alcathous,  son  of  Pelops;  who,  when 
he  succeeded  to  the  throne,  built  a  temple  at 
Megara  to  Diana  Agrotera  and  Apollo  Agrseus 
(Paus.,  i.  41.  4.).  A  similar  sacred  legend  related 
that  Diana  caused  Phalaecus,  tyrant  of  Ambracia, 
to  be  killed  by  a  lioness  when  he  was  hunting. 
In  memory  of  this  benefaction,  by  which  they  re- 
covered their  liberty,  the  Ambraclots  erected  a 
statue,  with  a  brazen  lioness,  to  Diana  Agrotera. 
(Antonin.  Lib.,  c.  4.)  This  story  is  repeated, 
with  variations,  under  the  name  of  Phayllus,  in 
^lian,  N.  A.,  xii.  40. ;  Ovid,  Ibis,  v.  504. 

Tame  lions  and  wolves,  who  had  been  meta- 
morphosed from  their  human  forms  by  the  art  of 
Circe,  likewise  guarded  the  palace  of  the  en- 
chantress (Horn.  Od.,  X.  212.). 

The  story  of  a  lion  in  the  island  of  Ceos  is  a 
mere  etymological  fable,  intended  to  explain  the 
local  name  Leon  (Heraclid.  Pont.,  Pol.,  9.).  A 
gigantic  statue  of  a  lion  is  still  preserved  in  this 
island.  The  lions  on  the  gate  of  Mycenae  are  of 
great  antiquity ;  but  the  occurrence  of  this  ani- 
mal in  works  of  early  art  cannot  be  considered  as 
evidence  of  his  presence  in  the  country  :  sculp- 
tured lions  occur  more  than  once  in  connexion 
with  Etruscan  tombs,  and  there  is  no  reason  to 
believe  that  the  lion  ever  existed  in  Italy,  except 
when,  in  the  imperial  period,  he  was  imported 
from  Africa  for  the  combats  of  the  amphitheatre 
(Dennis's  Etruria,  vol.  i.  pp.  49.  251.). 

With  respect  to  the  presence  of  the  lion  in 
Northern  Greece  in  the  year  480  b.c,  Herodotus 
gives  the  following  precise  account,  in  describing 
the  advance  of  Xerxes  through  Thrace  and  Mace- 
donia, before  the  battle  of  Thermopylse  :  — 

"  Xerxes  and  bis  army  marched  from  Acanthus 
through  the  interior  to  Therma;  and  while  he  was  on 
his  way  through  the  Pseonian  and  Crestonian  territories 
to  the  river  Echidorus,  his  camels,  which  carried  corn, 
were  attacked  by  lions.  These  animals,  leaving  their 
usual  haunts,  came  at  night  and  preyed  on  the  camels, 
but  touched  no  man  and  no  other  beast.  It  appears  mar- 
vellous that  the  lions  should  have  abstained  from  other 
animals,  and  should  have  selected  the  camel,  which  they 
had  never  seen  or  tasted.  In  this  region  there  are  nu- 
merous lions,  as  well  as  wild  oxen,  whose  horns,  of  im- 
mense size,  are  imported  into  Greece.  The  country  in 
which  the  lion  is  found,  is  bounded  by  the  river  Nestua, 
which  runs  through  Abdera  and  the  river  Achelous  in 
Acarnania.  Lions  occur  between  these  two  rivers;  but 
they  are  never  seen  in  the  portion  of  Europe  to  the  east 
of  the  Nestus,  or  on  the  continent  west  of  the  Achelous  " 
(vii.  124-6.). 

The  country  where  the  camels  in  the  army  of 
Xerxes  were  attacked  by  lions  is  clearly  desig- 


82 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<»  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '59. 


nated  by  Herodotus.  It  is  the  upper  part  of  the 
Chalcidic  peninsula,  between  the  maritime  towns 
of  Acanthus  and  Therma.  Though  near  the  sea, 
several  high  mountains,  fitted  for  harbouring  wild 
beasts,  adjoin  it.  JElian  states  that  the  prefer- 
ence of  the  lion  for  the  camel's  flesh  is  known  to 
the  Arabs  :  he  conjectures  that  it  is  an  instinctive 
desire,  independent  of  experience,  and  thus  at- 
tempts to  obviate  the  difficulty  suggested  by 
Herodotus  (Nat.  An.,  xvii.  36.). 

For  purposes  of  scientific  'reasoning,  it  would 
be  necessary  to  know  the  facts  respecting  the 
attack  of  the  lions  on  the  camels  of  Xerxes  with 
greater  detail  and  precision  than  they  are  re- 
ported by  Herodotus,  or  could  indeed  have  been 
ascertained  by  him  after  an  interval  of  thirty  or 
forty  years.  But  there  seems  no  reason  (with 
Col.  Mure,  Hist,  of  Lit.  of  Gr.  vol.  iv.  p.  402.)  to 
discredit  the  account  altogether ;  and  still  less  to 
disbelieve  his  distinct  statement  that  in  his  own 
time  the  lion  was  found  in  the  wild  and  moun- 
tainous region  of  Northern  Greece,  extending 
from  the  river  Nestus  in  Thrace,  through  Mace- 
donia, Thessaly,  and  iEtolia,  to  the  river  Ache- 
lous.  Aristotle  makes  precisely  the  same  state- 
ment, in  illustration  of  the  rarity  of  the  lion, 
(H.  A.  vi.  31.)  and  he  afterwards  repeats  it  in 
illustration  of  the  local  distribution  of  species,  {ib. 
viii.  28.)  The  scientific  character  of  Aristotle's 
researches  en  natural  history  gives  great  weight 
to  his  testimony.  As  he  was  a  native  of  Stagira, 
and  had  resided  in  Macedonia,  he  may  be  sup- 
posed to  have  had  opportunities  of  verifying  it  ; 
and  we  cannot  assume  that  he  blindly  followed 
the  account  of  Herodotus,  although  at  an  interval 
of  about  a  century  he  defines  the  range  of  the 
lion  by  the  same  two  rivers.  Aristotle  corrects 
a  physiological  error  of  Herodotus  in  //.  A.  iii. 
22. ;  Gen.  An.  ii.  2.,  and  an  error  in  the  natural 
history  of  fish  in  Gen.  An.  ii.  2.,  in  which  latter 
passage  he  calls  the  historian  'HpSboros  6  ixvdo\6'yos. 
It  is  therefore  highly  improbable  that  this  in- 
quisitive, sceptical,  and  accurate  philosopher 
should  have  taken  the  other  fact  upon  trust. 
(See  Rawlinson's  note  on  Herod,  il.  93.)  The 
statement  of  Aristotle  as  to  the  occurrence  of 
the  lion  between  the  Nestus  and  Achelous  is 
repeated,  with  full  belief,  by  Pliny,  N.  H.  viii. 
17.  It  is  likewise  reproduced  by  Pausanias,  vi.  5. 
3.  in  connexion  with  the  exploits  of  Polydamas,  an 
athlete  of  immense  strength,  who  was  victor  in 
the  pancratium  in  the  93rd  Olympiad  (408  b.c). 
Pausanias  states  that  lions  were  at  that  time 
found  on  Mount  Olympus  ;  and  that  Polydamas, 
emulating  the  achievement  of  Hercules  at  Nemea, 
slew  a  lion  on  that  mountain  without  any  weapon.* 

*  Curtius  (viii.  1.)  states  that  Lj'simachus,  while 
hunting  in  Syria,  had  an  encounter  singl_v  with  a  lion, 
and  succeeded  in  killing  it,  though  he  was  sevei'ely 
wounded  in  the  left  shoulder.   This  occurrence,  he  thinks, 


Other  marvellous  feats  of  this  Polydamas  are 
recounted  by  Pausanias,  on  the  truth  of  which  no 
reliance  can  be  placed ;  but  they  were  inscribed 
on  the  base  of  his  statue  at  Olympia  by  Lysippus. 
(See  also  Suidas  in  noXuSa^of.)' 

A  fabulous  story  of  two  parent  lions  punishing 
a  bear  for  the  slaughter  of  their  cubs,  by  the  as- 
sistance of  a  woodman,  on  Mount  Pangasum  in 
Thrace,  is  told  by  ^lian  (N.  A.  iii.  21.)  on  the 
authority  of  Eudcmus.  It  is  uncertain  to  what 
writer  of  this  name  .^lian  refers.  It  may  be  ob- 
served that  Pangaeum,  though  an  uninhabited 
mountain  region,  fitted  for  the  abode  of  wild 
beasts,  lies  east  of  the  Nestus,  the  limit  fixed  for 
the  lion,  in  this  direction,  by  Herodotus  and  Ari- 
stotle. 

Xenophon,  writing  about  380  b.c,  states  In  his 
treatise  on  Hunting,  that  lions,  leopards,  lynxes, 
panthers,  bears,  and  other  similar  beasts,  are 
caught  in  wild  districts  near  Mount  Pangjeum,  on 
Mount  Cissus  to  the  east  of  Macedonia,  on  Mount 
Olympus  in  Mysia,  on  Mount  Pindus,  on  Mount 
Nysa  beyond  Syria,  and  on  other  mountains 
capable  of  supporting  them.  (Cyneg.  c.  xi.  §  1.) 
From  the  manner  in  which  different  sorts  of  wild 
annals  and  different  places  are  thrown  together 
in  this  passage,  it  is  impossible  to  assign  any  one 
animal  to  any  one  locality.  There  is  no  reason 
to  suppose  that  the  leopard  or  panther  was  ever 
found  in  Europe ;  but  it  may  be  fairly  inferred 
that  Xenophon  intended  to  describe  the  lion  as 
occurring  in  some  of  the  mountains  of  Northern 
Greece.  Mount  Cissus  was  close  to  Therma,  and 
lies  exactly  upon  the  line  of  march  followed  by 
Xerxes,  when  his  camels  were,  according  to 
Herodotus,  attacked  by  lions.  The  extent  of 
wild  country  on  the-  Myslan  Olympus  is  men- 
tioned by  Strab.  xii.  8.  8.  Of  a  Mount  Nysa- 
beyond  Syria  nothing  is  known  except  from  this  ' 
passage.  It  may  be  observed  that,  in  point  of 
time,  Xenophon  is  about  halfway  between  He- 
rodotus and  Aristotle.  Herodotus  was  born  in 
484,  Xenophon  about  444,  and  Aristotle  in  384 

B.C. 

Some  poetical  allusions  confirm  the  idea  that 
the  Greeks  of  the  historical  age  believed  in  the 
existence  of  the  Hon  in  their  northern  highlands. 
Thus  Pindar,  in  his  third  Nemean  Ode,  repre- 

gave  rise  to  the  fable  of  Lysimachus  having  been  ex- 
posed to  a  lion  by  the  command  of  Alexander.  The 
fable  of  his  having  been  shut  up  with  a  lion,  and  having 
mastered  it,  is  related  by  Plin.  N.  H.  viii.  21. ;  Paus.  i. 
9.  5.  Justin  saj's  that  Lj'simachus  thrust  his  arm  into 
the  lion's  mouth,  and  killed  the  animal  by  tearing  out 
its  tongue  (xv.  3.).  According  to  Plut,  Detn.  27.,  L}'si- 
machus  showed  the  marks  on  his  legs  and  arms,  of  his 
supposed  encounter  with  the  lion,  when  he  was  shut  up 
with  it  by  order  of  Alexander.  M.-inius  Acilius  Glabrio, 
who  was  consul  with  Trajan  in  91  n.c,  was  compelled 
by  Domitian  to  fight  as  a  gladiator  with  a  large  lion, 
and  succeeded  in  killing  it.    (Die  Cass.  Ixvii.  14.) 


2««»  S.  Vlil.  July  30.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


83 


sents  the  youthful  Achilles  as  hunting  lions  and 
wild  boars  in  Thessaly  (v.  46,),  and  in  his  ninth 
Nemean,  he  describes  the  nymph  Cyrene  as 
wrestling  unarmed  with  a  lion  on  Mt.  Pelion  (v. 
26.)  Euripides,  in  a  choral  passage  of  the  Al- 
cestis  (v.  580.),  speaks  of  Apollo  when  he  became 
the  slave  of  Adraetus,  and  tended  his  flocks, 
being  accompanied  by  the  lynxes,  which  came  to 
hear  the  music  of  his  lyre,  and  by  the  lions  from 
the  woods  of  Othrys.  Callimachus  also  mentions 
lions  on  Mount  Pelion,  and  on  Mount  Tmarus 
near  Dodona  in  Epirus.  (Del.  120.,  Cer.  52., 
where  see  Spanheim's  notes.) 

The  presence  of  the  lion  in  ITorthern  Greece, 
during  the  historical  period,  appears  likewise  to 
be  indicated  by  those  writers  who  expressly  re- 
mark that  it  was  not  found  in  Peloponnesus,  as 
Theocrit.  Id.,  xxv.  183.,  and  iElian,  N.  A.,  iii.  27. 
The  argument  of  the  latter,  founded  upon  Od. 
vi.  104.,  is,  however,  of  no  force,  as  is  remarked 
by  Nitzsch,  Od.,  vol.  ii.  p.  102.  Polybius,  in  cor- 
recting the  mistatements  of  Timseus  respecting 
Africa,  says  that  the  elephant,  the  lion,  the  leo- 
pard*, the  antelope,  and  the  ostrich,  abound  in 
Africa ;  but  never  occur  in  Europe  (xii.  3.  5.). 
Whether  the  lion  was  extinct  in  Northern  Greece 
in  the  time  of  Polybius  (204 — 122  b.c),  or  whe- 
ther he  was  ignorant  of  its  existence  in  that  re- 
gion, is  uncertain.  Dio  Chrysostomus,  however, 
states  that  in  his  time  (about  80 — 100  a.d.)  there 
■were  no  lions  in  Europe,  and  that  this  apimal  had 
become  extinct  in  Macedonia  and  other  parts  of 
Europe,  where  it  had  formerly  been  found.  (Or. 
xxi.  §  1.)  Agathion,  a  man  of  great  height  and 
strength,  who  lived  in  the  time  of  Herodes  Atti- 
cus  (104 — 180  A.D.),  and  was  popularly  called  his 
Hercules,  complained  that  he  could  not  emulate 
one  of  the  exploits  of  that  mighty  hero,  because 
"there  were  no  longer  any  lions  in  Acarnania" 
(Philostrat.,  Vit.  Soph,,  ii.  1.  15.).  It  will  be  ob- 
served that  the  territory  designated  by  Agathion 
as  the  former  home  of  the  lion  agrees  nearly  with 
the  determination  of  Herodotus  and  Aristotle, 
who  carry  it  as  far  as  the  river  which  bounds  that 
country  to  the  east.  It  may  be  added  that  the 
piythical  story  respecting  Phalsecus,  or  Phayllus, 
tyrant  of  Ambracia,  represented  him  as  having 
been  killed,  when  hunting,  by  a  lioness. 

The  Italian  mythology  contains  no  allusion  to 
the  lion,  and  there  is  no  reason  to  suppose  that 
he  ever  was  an  inhabitant  of  the  Italian  peninsula, 
not  even  of  the  Alps.  The  boast  of  Virgil  with 
respect  to  Italy  may  be  taken  as  the  expression  of 
a  certain  fact  from  the  earliest  times. 

"  At  rabidse  tigres  absunt  et  soeva  leonum 
Semina."  Georg.  ii.  151. 

*  Leopards  were  called  by  the  Romans  Africans,  from 
tlie  country  which  furnished  them  to  the  Roman  amphi- 
theatre. (See  Plin.  viii.  17.,  and  the  commentators  on 
Suet.  Calig.  18.) 


The  extirpation  of  the  lion  in  Northern  Greece 
may  be  compared  with  its  extirpation  in  Palestine 
(see  Winer,  Bibl.  R.  W.  in  Lowe),  and  with  the 
extirpation  of  the  wolf  in  the  British  Isles.  The 
mention  of  the  "  Caledonian  bear  "  in  an  epigram 
of  Martial  (Z)e  Spect,  7.),  is  not  however  suffi- 
cient to  prove  that  the  bear  was  ever  a  native  of 
Britain.  The  ideas  of  the  ancients  respecting  the 
origin  of  wild  animals  brought  from  foreign  coun- 
tries were  often  vague  and  inexact.  Thus  the 
tiger  is  frequently  called  Hyrcanian  ;  though  he 
never  was  a  native  of  the  shores  of  the  Caspian, 
and  in  ancient  as  well  as  in  modern  times  was  not 
found  to  the  west  of  the  Indus.  Mr.  Paley  (ad 
Prop.,  iii.  10.  21.)  states  that  the  lion  was  once 
found  in  our  island  :  but  there  is  no  reason  to 
suppose  that  this  animal  ever  inhabited  any  part 
of  central  or  western  Europe  ;  although  the  iVi- 
belungen  lied  represents  Siegfried  as  hunting  the 
lion  on  the  banks  of  the  Rhine. 

The  lion  appears  to  have  become  extinct  in 
Syria,  Asia  Minor,  and  Northern  Greece.  In 
other  regions  this  animal,  though  not  extinct,  has 
become  rare,  where  he  was  anciently  common, 
Buffon  says  that  the  race  of  lions  is  daily  dimin- 
ishing in  Northern  Africa.  The  Romans,  says 
Shaw,  derived  from  ^Libya,  for  the  use  of  the 
games,  fifty  times  more  lions  than  could  be  found 
there  at  present.  Lacepede  remarks  that  the  liou 
has  much  diminished  since  twenty  centuries  iu 
Southern  Asia,  in  the  mountains  of  Atlas,  in  the 
forests  near  the  great  desert  of  Zaara,  and  in  the 
different  countries  adjoining  the  north  of  Africa 
(see  NouD.  Diet.  d'Hist.  Nut.,  tom.  vi.  pp.  82-3.) 

The  abundance  of  lions  in  Northern  Africa  in 
antiquity  is  proved  by  numerous  testimonies.  Thus 
Diodorus  describes  the  multitude  of  lions  in  Ethi- 
opia, and  he  states  that  many  cities  of  Libya  had 
been  depopulated  by  lions  from  the  desert  (iii.  23. 
30.  43.)  .^lian  represents  a  Libyan  nation,  called 
the  Nomajans,  to  have  been  extirpated  by  lions 
(ZV.  A.,  xvii,  27.).  The  abundance  of  lions  and 
panthers  in  Mauritania  is  remarked  by  Strabo 
(xvili.  3,  4.),  who  states  that  the  Nomads  of 
Northern  Africa  were  originally  prevented  from 
cultivating  the  soil,  and  driven  to  a  wandering 
life,  by  the  multitude  of  wild  beasts  (ii.  5.  33.). 
Horace  characterises  Africa  as  the  nursing  mother 
of  lions  :  — 

"  Nee  JubiB  tellus  generat,  leonum 

Arida  nutrix."  —  Carm.  i.  22. 

The  large  number  of  lions  exhibited  at  the 
games  of  the  Roman  amphitheatre,  which  must 
have  been  almost  exclusively  procured  from  Africa, 
proves  the  comparative  frequency  of  this  animal 
in  ancient  times  in  that  country.  It  will  be  ob- 
served that  the  wild  beasts  exhibited  at  these 
artificial  hunts  *,  or  combats,  were  all  killed,  and, 

*  Concerning  the  venationes  in  the  Roman  circus,  see 
Panvinius  de  Ludis  Circensibus,   ii.   3,   in  Groev.  Thes, 


84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '5P. 


therefore  that  the  same  lion  did  not  appear  on 
successive  occasions.  Pliny  informs  us  that  Sylla, 
when  Praetor,  exhibited  100  lions  with  manes  in 
the  fiji;hts  of  the  circus ;  that  afterwards,  Pompey 
exhibited  600,  of  which  315  had  manes ;  and 
Caesar,  400.  (JV.  H.,  viii.  16.)  The  number  of 
lions  exhibited  by  Pompey  is  stated  by  Dio  Cas- 
sius  at  500  (xxxix.  38.)  It  seems  that  Sylla  was 
the  first  to  exhibit  the  lions  loose  in  the  arena ; 
previously  to  his  time  they  had  been  tied  up,  and 
had  been  killed  without  any  risk  to  the  assailant. 
The  lions  in  question  were  despatched  by  javeli- 
neers,  who  had  been  sent  by  Bocchus,  king  of  Mau- 
ritania, from  which  region  the  animals  themselves 
had  probably  been  procured  (Sen.  de  Brev.  Vit., 
c.  13.).  Strabo  likewise  mentions  that  the  Ro- 
mans procured  the  slayers  of  wild  beasts  from 
Mauritania,  on  account  of  their  experience  and 
skill  (ii.  5.  33.).  Gerraanicus  exhibited  fights  of 
200  lions  in  the  Hippodrome  (Dio  Cass.,  Ivi.  27.)  ; 
300  lions  were  slain  with  javelins  by  the  body- 
guards of  Nero  (7&.,  Ixi.  9.)  ;  100  lions  and  100 
lionesses  were  slain  in  the  time  of  Adrian  (/&., 
Ixix.  8).  The  emperor  Marcus  Antoninus  ex- 
hibited 100  lions  in  the  amphitheatre,  all  of  which 
were  killed  by  arrows  (Jul,  Capitol,  in  M.  An- 
tonin.,  c.  17.  ;  Eutrop.,  viii.  6.).  In  the  time  of 
Gordian  there  were  sixty  tame  lions  at  Rome  (Jul. 
Capitol,  in  Gord,  33.).  The  emperor  Probus 
exhibited  100  lions  and  100  lionesses  in  the  games 
of  the  circus  (Vopiscus  in  Prob.,  19.). 

Other  accounts  describe  the  total  number  of 
animals  killed  ;  but  without  specifying  the  species. 
Thus  Titus  is  stated,  at  the  dedication  of  his  am- 
phitheatre, to  have  exhibited  in  one  day  5000 
-wild  animals  of  all  sorts  (Suet.  Tit.  7. ;  Eutrop. 
vii.  14.).  Dio  Cassius  describes  9000  tame  and 
wild  animals  as  being  slain  on  this  occasion  (Ixvi. 
25.).  At  the  games  celebrated  by  Trajan  in  107 
A.D.,  after  the  termination  of  the  Dacian  war, 
1100  tame  and  wild  animals  are  stated  to  have 
been  killed  (Dio  Cass.  Ixviii.  15.).  Seven  hun- 
dred animals  of  all  sorts,  including  lions  and 
lionesses,  were  slain  at  an  exhibition  of  Severus 
(Dio  Cass.  Ixxvi.  1.).  The  number  of  panthers 
exhibited  on  different  occasions  is  likewise  worthy 
of  notice,  as  these  animals  were  procured  from 
Africa.  Thus  Augustus  is  reported  to  have  ex- 
hibited 600  panthers  at  the  dedication  of  the 
theatre  of  Marcellus,  all  of  which  were  slain  for 
the  amusement  of  the  people  (Dio  Cass,  liv.  26.). 
Augustus  himself  states,  in  the  Monumentum 
Ancyranum,  that  he  had  given  twenty-six  exhibi- 

Bom.  Ant.,  vol.  ix.  p.  375. ;  Becker,  Handbvch  der  Rom. 
AH.,  vol.  iv.  p.  522.  6G6. ;  Rheinisches  Museum,  vol.  x. 
(1856)  p.  563. 

The  combatants,  who  despatched  the  wild  beasts,  were 
called  "confectores  feravum  "  (Suet.  Oct.,  43.).  The  first 
venatio  of  )ions  and  panthers  was  exhibited  in  the  Roman 
circus  iu  186  b.<  .  (Livy,  xxxix.  22.) 


tions  of  panthers  in  the  circus  or  forum  or  amphi- 
theatres, at  which  about  3500  were  killed  (p.  34., 
ed.  Zumpt).  It  may  be  true,  as  Dio  remarks 
(xliii.  22.),  that  these  numbers  are  likely  to  have 
been  exaggerated  :  but  after  all  due  allowance  for 
exaggeration  has  been  made,  it  must  be  admitted 
that  the  number  of  lions  and  panthers  exhibited 
at  a  single  festival  by  the  Romans  far  exceeds  the 
number  which  could  be  procured  from  the  same 
countries  at  the  present  day.  Zimmermann,  cited 
by  Camus,  in  his  notes  to  Aristotle's  History  of 
Animals  (p.  482.),  attributes  the  diminution  of 
lions  in  Northern  Africa  to  two  causes.  1.  The 
large  number  killed  by  the  Romans.  2.  The  use 
of  fire-arms. 

The  wild  animals  in  the  Roman  provinces  were 
preserved,  in  order  that  they  might  be  taken  alive, 
and  transported  to  Rome  for  the  sports  of  the 
circus.  A  law  of  Honorius,  of  the  year  414  a.d., 
addressed  to  Africa,  permits  Romans  to  kill  lions, 
but  not  to  hunt  or  to  sell  them  (Cod.  Theod.  xv.  1 1 . 
1. ;  Cod.  Just.  xi.  44.).  Claudian,  in  his  poem  on 
the  Second  Consulship  of  Stilicho  (vv.  237.  sfjq-), 
describes  at  length  the  process  by  which  wild 
animals  were  collected  from  various  regions  for 
the  fights  of  the  amphitheatre,  and  conveyed  to 
Rome.  Africa  is  specified  as  the  country  from 
which  lions  are  procured,  and  these  animals  are 
described  as  brought  in  ships  across  the  Etruscan 
sea. 

Grimm,  Reinhart  Puchs,  p.  xlvi.,  remarks  that 
the  importance  of  the  part  played  by  the  Hon,  as 
king  of  beasts,  in  the  w^sopian  fable,  renders  the 
European  origin  of  this  class  of  fiction  suspicious. 
But  it  is  to  be  remembered  that  the  lion  was 
a  native  of  Syria,  and  of  the  interior  of  Asia 
Minor;  that  in  the  age  of  iEsop  he  was  still  found 
in  Northern  Greece ;  and  that  his  name  and  habits 
were  familiar  to  the  Greeks  from  the  Homeric 
poems.  On  the  other  hand,  the  tiger,  which  was 
unknown  to  the  Greeks  until  the  age  of  Alexan- 
der, never  appears  as  a  character  in  the  ^sopian 
fables.  The  most  ancient  fable  in  which  the  tiger 
bears  a  part  is  that  of  Avianus  (Fab.  17),  who 
probably  lived  about  the  fifth  century. 

G.  C.  Lewis. 


MOLLY   MOG. 


The  Quarterly  Review  has,  of  late  years,  usually 
had  a  pleasant  article  on  one  or  other  of  the  coun- 
ties of  England;  and,  in  the  number  jifst  issued, 
Berkshire  is  celebrated.  On  the  traveller's  pre- 
sumed arrival  at  Wokingham,  the  writer  ob- 
serves :  — 

"  Of  course  he  will  put  up  at  the  Eose  Inn,  and  order 
his  dinner  in  the  parlour  where  Swift  and  Gay  and 
their  company  caroused  one  wet  da}',  and  wrote  the  song 
of 'Molly  iMog'  in  tiieir  cups.  John  Mog,  the  father  of 
the  fair  maid  of  the  Inn,  was  then  landlord  of  the  Ro.se, 
and  had  two  daughters,  Molly  and  Sally,  of  whom  Sally 


2°'»  S.  VIIL  July  30. 


.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


9S 


was  in  fact  the  cruel  beauty,  and  the  subject  of  the  song. 
But  the  wits  were  too  far  eone  to  distinguish ;  and  so  the 
honor,  if  honor  there  be,  nas  clung  to  Molly,  who,  after 
all,  died  a  spinster  at  the  age  of  67." 

All  this  is  very  pleasant;  but  the  Rose  Inn  at 
Wokingham,  kept  by  the  Mogs,  bad  more  tradi- 
tions than  the  writer  seems  to  have  been  aware 
of;  it  had  its  room  called  Pope's  room,  its  chair 
called  Pope's  chair,  and  there  was  an  inscription  on 
a  pane  of  glass  in  Pope's  room  said  to  have  been 
written  by  Pope.  But  when  I  was  at  Wokingham, 
two  or  three  years  ago,  what  had  been  the  old  Inn 
was  the  great  mercer's  shop  ;  and  in  the  necessary 
process  of  adaptation,  had  been  so  dismantled  and 
changed,  that  a  cupboard  only  could  be  found 
which  had  once  stood  in  Pope's  room ;  and  the 
mercer,  in  answer  to  inquiries  after  the  pane  of 
glass,  said  there  was  some  of  the  glass  taken  out 
of  the  old  window  still  in  a  garret,  but  he  was  not 
aware  that  there  was  any  writing  on  it. 

The  true  old  Rose  Inn  —  the  present  mercer's 
shop  —  was  situated  next  door  to  the  Bush  Inn, 
and  was  last  kept  by  the  sister  of  Mrs.  Lane  of  the 
Bush.  An  old  inhabitant  told  me  that  she  re- 
membered that  "  Molly  Mog,"  with  some  verses 
underneath,  was  written  on  the  old  sign.  What 
had  become  of  Pope's  chair,  or  of  the  old  sign,  I  did 
not  learn  ;  but  it  strikes  me  as  probable  that  they 
passed  as  a  part  of  the  stock-in-trade  to  the  new 
Rose,  which  is  situated  on  the  opposite  side  of  the 
market-place. 

The  assertion  that  Sally  was  the  beauty,  and 
that  the  "  wits  were  too  far  gone  to  distinguish," 
and  thus  Molly  became  the  immortal,  was  told 
half  a  century  since  by  Lysons  ;  but  no  authority 
was  given,  and  it  is  contradicted,  I  think,  inferen- 
tially,  by  the  announcement  in  the  Gentlemanti 
Magazine  —  Deaths,  1766,  March  7  —  "  Mrs.  Mary 
Mogg,  at  Oakingham  :  she  was  the  person  on 
whom  Gay  wrote  the  song  of  '  Molly  Mogg.' " 
Farther,  one  at  least  of  the  wits  must  have  known 
the  sisters  intimately,  and  was  not  likely  to  fall 
into  such  an  error.  Wokingham,  or  Oakingham, 
was  the  nearest  town  to  Pope's  residence :  his 
letters  were  addressed  to  Binfield,  near  Oaking- 
ham. The  Rose  was  the  inn  he  must  have  fre- 
quented, whether  he  went  there  on  foot  or  on 
horseback,  on  pleasure  or  on  business ;  and  that 
he  did  go  there  frequently  might  be  inferred  from 
these  circumstances,  and  is  confirmed  by  the  tra- 
dition which  gives  us  Pope's  room  and  Pope's 
chair.  Lysons  farther  tells  us  that  Edward 
Standen,  of  Arborfield,  "  is  said  to  have  been  the 
enamoured  swain'  to  whom  the  song  alludes." 
Lysons  must  mean,  I  suppose,  that  the  poet  wrote, 
or  affected  to  write,  in  the  character  of  Standen. 
Was  Standen  the  curate  of  Wokingham,  or  of 
some  adjoining  parish?  —  a  mere  inference  from 
one  touch  of  the  humility  of  the  "  enamoured"  :  — 
"  To  be  sure  she's  a  bit  for  the  Vicar, 
And  so  I  shall  lose  Molly  Mog." 


Is  there  any  evidence  that  Swift,  whom  the 
writer  in  the  Quarterly  makes  one  of  the  party  at 
the  Rose,  was  ever  either  at  Wokingham  or  at 
Binfield  ?  M.  M. 


Barilla  or  Barrilla  was  a  Spanish  name  given 
to  several  species  of  the  genera  Salicornia,  Sal- 
sola,  Suceda,  Chenopodina,  and  their  allies,  some  of 
which  were  at  one  time  extensively  cultivated  in 
Valentia ;  their  ashes,  after  being  burned,  yield- 
ing the  Barilla  of  commerce.  Some  countries 
preferred  one  species  ;  others  another. 

Kelp,  on  the  other  hand,  is  obtained  solely  by 
burning  sea-weed :  the  best  for  soda  being  the 
"cut-weed,"  and  principally  Fiicus  vesiculosus; 
the  best  for  iodine  being  the  "  drift-weed,"  such 
as  the  species  of  Laminaria.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  inform  me  when,  where,  and  by 
whom  the  idea  of  manufacturing  kelp  arose,  and 
what  gave  rise  to  the  name  itself?  It  is  useless 
to  consult  such  incorrect  compilations  as  Loudon's 
various  works,  or  any  modern  popular  works, 
where  Kelp  and  Barilla  are  often  confounded  on 
account  of  the  similarity  of  produce  after  combus- 
tion ;  nor  can  I  rely  on  any  modern  works  on 
Materia  Medica,  except  Pereira'a  and  Christison's, 
and  these  throw  no  light  oo  the  precise  point. 
Algological  books,  although  alluding  to  the  manu- 
facture during  last  century,  are  also  silent  as  to 
its  origin.  The  late  Dr.  Patrick  Neill  of  Edin- 
burgh, under  the  article  "  Fuci,"  in  the  Edinburgh 
Eiicyclopcedia,  edited  by  Brewster,  states  as  fol- 
lows : — 

"  The  making  of  Kelp  from  sea-weed  was  practised  in 
France  and  England  for  more  than  half  a  century  before  the 
manufacture  was  introduced  into  Scotland.  Mr.  James 
Fea  of  Whitehall  in  Stronsay  was  the  first  person  in 
Orkney  who  (about  1722)  exported  a  cargo  of  Kelp; 
he  sailed  with  it  himself  to  Newcastle ;  and  his  success 
in  the  enterprise  soon  aroused  the  attention  of  the  Orca- 
dians." 

Is  there  any  evidence  that  kelp  (i.  e.  the  article 
from  sea- weed)  was  ever  manufactured  on  the  coasts 
of  England  as  above  stated  ?  or  that  it  has  been  so 
in  France  before  the  present  century,  when  iodine 
was  prepared  from  it  ?  *  From  Dr.  Neill  using 
the  tautological  expression,  "  kelp  from  sea- weed," 
I  have  reason  to  suspect  that  he  has  confounded 
the  French  Barilla  or  Soude  with  kelp  ;  but  as  to 
England  Barilla  could  not  be  meant.  What,  then, 
was  it  which  was  manufactured  in  England  half 
a  century  prior  to  1722  ?     Under  the  influence  of 

•  As  soda  is  now  prepared  almost  entirely  from  sea- 
salt,  "  cut-weed"  kelp,  which  was  so  much  valued  during 
last  century,  is  rarely  to  be  see%  in  the  market  at  the 
present  day ;  while  "drift -weed  kelp  is  still,  on  account 
of  the  iodine  it  yields,  manufactured  in  thenorth  of  Ire- 
land and  west  of  Scotland,  whence  it  is  imported  into 
Glasgow  to  a  large  amonnt. 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'»  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '59, 


the  Gulf-stream,  Fucus  vesiculosus  could  have  been 
obtained  in  suflBcient  abundance  in  the  North  and 
West  of  Ireland,  although  I  do  not  know  that  it 
was  burned  there  for  kelp  till  the  beginning  or 
middle  of  last  century.  Is  there  then  a  mistake 
as  to  England  ? 

As  to  the  name,  I  am  aware  that  celp  is  now  a 
Gaelic  word  for  kelp,  but  I  cannot  trace  its  root 
to  that  language,  and  it  seems  to  be  merely  the 
English  appellation  with  a  Gaelic  orthography  (c 
being  pronounced  as  k  in  English)  :  the  genuine 
Gaelic  expression  is  luath  feamnach^  literally,  ashes 
of  sea-weed.  Can  kelp  be  connected  with  the 
name  of  the  person  who  first  discovered  it  ? 
Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  about  Newcastle 
may  be  able  to  unravel  the  subject,  as  kelp  seems 
to  have  been  first  or  principally  used  there. 

W.A. 


NAPOLBOM  S   SSCAFE   FROM    ELBA. 

The  following  short  sentence  from  Rogers's  Re- 
collections is,  in  the  absence  of  the  vol.,  extracted 
from  the  Athenccum  for  June  18,  1859,  p.  799. :  — 

"  When  Buonaparte  left  Elba  for  France  I  (the  Duke 
of  Wellington)  was  at  Vienna,  and  received  the  news  from 
Lord  Burghersh,  our  minister  at  Florence.  The  instant 
it  came  I  communicated  it  to  every  member  of  the  Con- 
gress, and  all  laughed ;  the  Emperor  of  Russia  most  of 
all." 

This,  coupled  with  the  manifest  desire  of  your 
correspondents  to  obtain  the  exact  time  at  which 
the  tidings  detailing  the  particulars  of  the  crown- 
ing victory  at  "Waterloo  arrived  in  England, 
prompted  the  desire  to  forward  the  following  ver- 
sion, though  differing  in  many  essential  points 
from  the  one  quoted  above.  It  may  not  have  ap- 
peared in  print,  but  it  has  a  wide  circulation  in 
England  as  well  as  upon  the  Continent. 

It  is  well  known  that,  at  the  time  Napoleon 
landed,  the  monarchs  of  Europe  were  assembled  with 
their  ministers  at  Vienna.  The  King  of  Saxony, 
who  had  too  closely  allied  himself  to  the  fortunes 
of  the  falling  Emperor,  and  for  his  own  interest 
too  closely  adhered  to  that  alliance,  was  forbidden 
to  approach  that  capital ;  but,  as  circumstances 
rendered  it  necessary  that  some  conferences  should 
be  held  with  him,  he  was  directed  to  -take  up  his 
abode  at  Presburg. 

To  this  city  the  ministers  "of  the  three  great 
powers  repaired,  probably  to  decide  on  that  mon- 
arch's future  destiny.  The  chateau  assigned  for 
their  residence  was  small ;  the  Prince  of  Rohan, 
who  was  attached  to  the  French  minister,  could 
only  be  accommodated  with  a  temporary  bed  in 
the  large  salle.  At  one  end  of  this  salle  was  a 
room  in  which  slepfc  the  Duke  of  Wellington ; 
at  the  other  end  was  the  apartment  occupied  by 
the  Prince  Metternich,  and  beside  the  salle  was 
the  dormitory  of  the  Prince  Talleyrand. 


The  arbitrators  had  retired  to  rest  on  the  night 
of  the  memorable  lltli  of  March,  —  a  rest  fated  to 
be  both  suddenly  and  violently  disturbed  by  an 
event  pregnant  with  the  destinies  of  the  world. 
The  Prince  of  Rohan,  an  early  sufferer,  was 
aroused  from  his  sleep  by  the  words  — "  Rohan^ 
take  this  to  Talleyrand."  Unable  for  a  moment  to 
shake  off  his  lethargy,  the  words  were  repeated 
!  with  increased  emphasis.  "Take  this  to  the  Prince 
\  Talleyrand,  he  must  see  it  directly."  By  this  time 
j  the  astonished  attache  was  enabled  to  collect  him- 
'  self  sufficiently  to  discover  the  Duke  of  Welling- 
ton  standing  only  in  his  night  apparel  by  his  bed- 
side, holding  a  letter  in  his  hand,  which  he  had 
just  received  from  Lord  Burghersh,  announcing 
the  landing  of  the  notable  prisoner  from  Elba  at 
Cannes  on  the  3rd  inst.,  upon  the  scene  of  his  for- 
mer sovereignty.  Talleyrand  received  his  dis- 
patches about  two  hours  later,  and  last,  though  in 
his  own  country,  and  after  a  lapse  of  nearly  the 
same  time,  the  Prince  Metternich  received  his 
packet.  Rest  and  sleep  were  instantly  banished, 
all  immediately  rose  from  their  beds,  and  by  six 
o'clock  were  at  the  breakfast-table. 

The  preliminaries  of  a  hasty  treaty  were  then 
arranged  with  the  King  of  Saxony,  and  by  eleven 
o'clock  they  were  in  their  carriages,  and  retraced 
with  all  possible  expedition  the  route  for  Vienna. 

Henbt  D'Avenet. 


Lord.  Howe. — The  remains  of  George  Augustus,, 
third  Viscount  Howe  (who  was  killed  at  Ticon- 
deroga  in  1758)  we»e  brought  to  Albany,  N.  Y., 
and  interred  under  the  episcopal  church  there. 
The  old  church  having  been  pulled  down,  a  new 
building  is  now  in  progress  of  erection.  It  is  in  the 
principal  part  of  the  city,  which  is  the  capital  of 
the  state.  This  seems  to  be,  therefore,  a  fitting 
opportunity  for  the  erection  of  a  mural  tablet  to 
the  memory  of  that  brave  officer  and  nobleman. 

O'C. 

Harry- Sophister. — Fuller  and  Ray  both  give 
this  phrase  as  a  Cambridge  proverb ;  but  their 
solutions  have  not  been  considered  satisfactory 
either  by  Grose  {Provincial  Antiquities)  or  others.. 
In  Urquhart  and  Motteaux's  translation  of  Rabe- 
lais (bk.  ii.  chap.  17.)  we  find  the  phrase  "Arrian 
Sophisters."  On  reference  to  the  original  it  \s 
simply  "les  artitien  sophistes,"  the  graduates  in 
arts.  Is  it  probable  that  the  corruption  of  artis- 
tian  to  Arrian,  and  thence  to  Harry,  is  the  true- 
solution  of  the  phrase  ?  A.  A» 

Poets'  Corner. 

Errors  in  Dehrett.  —  In  the  edition  of  Debrett's 
Peei-age,  revised  and  corrected  by  Henry  Collen,. 
Esq.,  Lond.,  1849,  the  name  of  the  2nd  Viscount 
Falkland,  who  was  killed  at  Newbury,  is  printed 


2nd  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


87 


■"Henry."  His  name  was  Lucius,  according  to 
the  Rolls  Office,  Beatson,  Burke,  and  Walpole's 
Royal  and  Noble  Authors. 

Under  the  title  "  Hastings,"  p.  399.  of  the  same 
■work,  George,  3rd  Baron  Hastings,  is  represented 
as  having  been  created  Earl  of  Huntingdon  8th 
Dec.  1523.  Per  contra,  on  p.  436.,  under  title 
"  Huntingdon,"  we  have  "  George,  Lord  Hastings 
(the  same  nobleman)  created  Earl  of  Huntingdon 
In  1529.  These  discrepancies  are  not  commend- 
able. O'C. 

Original  of  the  Faust  Legends.  —  Mr.  Dasent, 
in  the  very  interesting  introduction  prefixed  to 
his  Popular  Tales  from  the  Norse  (Edinb.  1859), 
has  the  following  Note  :  —  • 

"  About  the  same  time  (the  middle  of  the  thirteenth 
century)  began  to  spread  the  notion  of  formal  written 
arguments  between  the  Fiend  and  men  who  were  to  be 
his  after  a  certain  time,  during  which  he  was  to  help 
them  to  all  earthly  good.  This  too  came  with  Chris- 
tianity from  the  East.  The  first  instance  was  Theophilus, 
viccdominus  of  the  Bishop  of  Adana,  whose  fall  and  con- 
version form  the  original  of  all  the  Faust  Legends.  See 
■Grimm,  D.M.  969,  and  'Theophilus  in  Icelandic,  Low 
German,  and  other  Tongues,  bj'  G.  W.  Daseut,  Stockholm, 
1845,'  where  a  complete  account  of  the  literature  of  the 
Legend  may  be  found."  —  P.  cxi. 

As  I  have  neither  of  these  works  within  reach, 
perhaps  some  correspondent  will  kindly  favour 
me  with  an  outline  of  the  life  of  this  Theophilus, 
and  an  abstract  of  Mr.  Dasent's  "complete  account 
of  the  literature  of  the  Legend,"  at  least  of  such 
part  of  it  as  is  not  generally  known  amongst 
Faust  Editors  ?  Even  so  accomplished  a  scholar 
as  Mr.  Hayward  is  not  aware  of  "  the  original  of 
all  the  Faust  Legends  ; "  and,  in  the  "  Historical 
Notice  of  the  Story  of  Faust,  and  the  various  Pro- 
ductions in  Art  and  Literature  that  have  grown  out 
of  it,"  which  is  appended  to  his  admirable  Transla- 
tion oi  Faust,  he  makes  no  mention  of  Theophilus. 

EiRIONNACH. 

P.S.  It  were  much  to  be  wished  that  Mr.  Da- 
sent  would  reprint  his  "  Introduction  "  in  a  sepa- 
rate form. 

Faber  v.  Smith.  —  A  friend  of  mine,  who  is  no 
mean  scholar,  tells  me  that  he  believes  that  the 
English  surname  Faber  is  only  another  attempt 
to  struggle  out  of  Smith,  by  turning  it  into  Latin. 
What  Is  the  verdict  of  "N".  &  Q."  on  this  deriva- 
tion ?  John  G.  Talbot. 


ikueviei. 


LETTEHS   OF   CRANMER   AND   OSIANDER  :    BICHABD 
smith's    BOOK    SALE,    1682. 

Strype  (Memorials  of  Abp.  Cranmer,  b.  i.  c.  iii. 
-vol.  i.  p.  15.  ed.  8vo.  Ox.),  says  that  "a great  cor- 
respondence was  maintained  by  letters  between 
■Cranmer  and  Osiander  'long  after  '  1539." 

"  A  parcel  of  these  letters  in  manuscript,"  he  goes  on 


to  say,  "  the  Right  Rev.  the  Bishop  of  Sarum  mentioned 
in  his  History  of  the  Reformation,  which  he  met  with  in 
the  exquisite  library  of  Mr.  Richard  Smith,  as  he  told  a 
friend  of  mine.  But  notwithstanding,  my  inquiry  after 
them,  I  had  not  the  good  fortune  to  see  them,  nor  to  find 
into  whose  hands  they  were  come,  after  the  selling  of  that 
library  by  auction." 

1.  I  desire  to  be  helped  to  the  place  where  Bur- 
net speaks  of  this  correspondence.  I  do  not  re- 
collect, and  cannot  find  it. 

2.  I  learn  from  "N.&  Q.,"  2°«  S.  ill.  112,  113.,- 
that  Richard  Smith's  library  was  sold  by  auction 
in  May  and  June,  1682,  and  that  "  a  copy  of  the 
Sale  Catalogue,  with  manuscripts  prices,  is  now  in 
the  British  Museum."  Does  that  copy,  perad- 
venture,  contain  entries  of  jmrchasers  as  well  as 
prices  ?  Might  we  by  Its  help  ascertain  what  be- 
came of  papers  of  such  exceeding  interest? 

3.  If  not,  is  there  any  other  mode  of  finding 
out  whether  the  letters  are  yet  in  existence,  and 
if  so,  where?  I  am  extremely  anxious  to  obtain 
some  trace,  and,  if  possible,  use  of  the  letters  in 
question,  and  shall  therefore  be  much  obliged  by 
any  attention  to  this  Query.  W.  M. 

Baltimore,  U.  S. 

[These  Letters  do  not  occur  in  the  list  of  MSS.  con- 
tained in  Smith's  Catalogue,  which  only  gives  the  prices, 
not  the  purchasers.  Burnet  (Hist,  of  Reformation,  edit. 
1829,  vol.  i.  pt.  i.  p.  186.)  alludes  to  Grineus's  letters  in  a 
M!^.  in  B.  Smith's  library.] 


VLPHILAS. 


In  Butler's  flbr«  Biblica,  p.  133.,  5th  edit., 
it  is  stated  :  —  "  Ernesti,  In  his  Institutio,  says, 
that  Ulphilas,  Bishop  of  the  Goths,  translated 
the  New  Testament  Into  the  Gothic  language,  in 
the  fourth  century  ; "  and  the  Chevalier  Bunsen, 
In  his  Signs  of  the  Times,  letter  ill.  pp.  69.  71., 
London  edition,  1856,  speaks  of  a  translation 
made,  about  a.d.  370,  by  Ulphilas,  "  the  first  and 
greatest  apostle  of  the  Germans,"  and  Inventor  of 
the  Gothic  alphabet,  of  "  the  whole  Bible,  ex- 
cept the  books  of  Kings,  from  the  Greek  into  his 
own  noble  language —  a  language  that  owns  the 
same  ancient  origin  with,  and  is  the  most  closely 
allied  to,  their  primitive  tongue."  Was  Ulphllas's 
a  translation  of  the  New  Testament  only,  or  of 
the  whole  Bible,  except  the  books  of  Kings  ? 

Butler  also  states  (J.  c),  that  "  this  version  is 
supposed  to  be  the  version  of  the  Gospels  which 
was  published  at  Dordrect  ...  in  1665  ....  at 
Amsterdam  in  1684  ;  at  Stockholm  in  1672  ;  .  .  . 
and  at  Oxford  In  1750."  Was  this  version  limited 
to  the  four  Gospels,  or  did  Butler  commit  an  over- 
sight In  using  that  limited  term  ?  If  the  version 
was  not  so  limited,  did  it,  or  did  Ulphilas's  orlginsil 
translation,  contain  the  verse  of  the  three  heavenly 
toitnesses,  1  John,  v.  7.  ?  Is  it  beyond  question 
that  that  verse*  is  in  the  old  Vatican  MS.  Greek 


-88 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


C2«d  S.  Vm.  July  S0. '£9. 


Testament,  the  recent  publication  of  which  is 
mentioned  in  the  British  Quarterly  Review  for 
October,"  1858  ?  It  will  be  interesting  also  to 
learn,  whethef  it  is  to  be  found  in  the  old  MS. 
Bible  which  Professor  Tischendorf,  of  Leipsic,  in 
a  letter  addressed  to  the  Saxon  Minister  of  Public 
Instruction  in  March  last,  announced  as  having 
been  by  him  discovered  at  Cairo,  and  as  being  as 
old  as,  if  not  older,  than  the  Vatican  MS.  Eric. 
.    Ville  Marie,  Canada. 


^{nor  €L\xniti, 
Gloucestershire  Churches.  —  J.  W.  G.  Gdtch 
would  feel  very  grateful  for  any  information, 
architecturally  or  otherwise,  connected  with  any 
of  the  Gloucestershire  churches,  which  he  is  at 
present  engaged  in  photographing.  He  has  to 
thank  several  correspondents  who  have  kindly 
responded  to  his  request  in  a  former  number  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,"  but  still  seeks  for  farther  memoranda 
from  those  more  conversant  with  the  county  than 
himself.  A  line  addressed,  6.  Norfolk  Terrace, 
Gloucester,  will  be  duly  acknowledged. 

Dundalk  Accommodation.  —  An  ofBcer  serving 
in  William  III.'s  time  says,  he  lodged  in  his 
clothes  with  Dundalk  accommodation,  at  one  of 
the  villages.  What  was  "  Dundalk  accommoda- 
tion," and  whence  the  origin  of  the  term  ?  *    O'C. 

Harding  Family.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  from  what  branch  of  the  family  James, 
a  schoolmaster  residing  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Lanercost  Priory,  Cumberland,  was  descended? 
He  was  interred  there  in  1788,  aged  seventy-four 
years,  and  is,  I  apprehend,  the  same  James  who 
was  christened  there  in  1714,  and  described  as  a 
son  of  Christopher  Harding.  Alpha. 

Scutch  Mills  in  Ireland.  —  I  have  a  very  well- 
executed  MS.  volume  by  Peter  Besnard,  with 
pen-and-ink  drawings  of  several  mills,  and  en- 
titled "  Front  Views  of  Mills  appropriated  to  the 
use  of  Scutching  Machinery  in  the  Provinces  of 
Leinster,  Munster,  and  Connaught"  (1819).  It 
contains  likewise  ground  plans  and  descriptive 
particulars  ;  and  it  is  dedicated  to  the  "  Trustees 
of  the  Linen  and  Hempen  Manufactures  of  Ire- 
land." Is  any  similar  volume  relative  to  Ulster  in 
existence  ?  Abhba. 

Story  of  Marshal  Turenne.  —  What  is  the  story 
alluded  to  by  Pope,  in  his  "  Epilogue  to  the  Sa- 
tires," in  the  passage  beginning  — 

"  It  angered  Turenne  ooce  upon  a  day  "  ? 
I  have  looked  into  the  notes  to  several  editions, 
and  do  not  find  the  anecdote.     Perhaps  some  of 
your  readers  will  kindly  refer  me  to  it.  A.  A. 

[*  Will  our  correspondent  furnish  the  reference  where 
this  term  occurs  ?  —  Ed.  ] 


Revivals  of  1810.  —  Can  anyone  refer  me  to  an 
account  of  the  great  Methodist  revival  which  took 
place  in  or  about  1810  ?  E.  H.  D.  D. 

Brathwaite.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  of  the  authority  for  the  following  Brathwaite 
coat  of  arms  ?  "  Or,  a  horn  sable,  with  a  ban- 
derick  of  the  same."  I  have  found  it  in  vol.  xv. 
of  the  Beauties  of  Ev gland  and  Wales,  fol.  218, 
It  was  published  by  Sherwood,  Neely,  and  Jones, 
and  written  by  the  Rev.  Mr.  Hodgson.  He  states 
"  from  whom  {i.e.  Brathwaite  of  Ambleside)  the 
Brathwaites  of  Warcop  and  Burneshead  were  de- 
scended." From  the  Harl.  MSS.  the  Brathwaites 
of  Ambleside,  Warcop,  and  Burneshead  had  for 
•their  coat  of  arms,  "Gules,  on  a  chevron  argent, 
three  cross  crosslets,  fitchee  sable."  Joseph. 

Sir  Stephen  Jenins,  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in 
1508.  —  The  pedigree  of  this  city  worthy's  family, 
or  any  particulars  of  him  or  his  family,  from  1500 
to  1700,  would  much  oblige  a  constant  reader. 

J.  F.  C. 

Booksellers'  Lists.  —  When  did  the  practice  of 
booksellers  printing,  at  the  end  of  books,  lists  of 
the  various  works  published  by  them  first  com- 
mence ? 

Would  it  not  be  doing  a  good  work  for  English 
Bibliography  to  print  some  specimens  of  the  ear- 
liest of  these  lists  in  "  N.  &^Q.  ?"  If  accompanied 
by  brief  notes  illustrative  of  the  books  —  the 
authors — peculiarities  of  editions,  &c.,  such  arti- 
cles, it  is  obvious,  would  add  greatly  to  the  value 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  as  a  Bibliographical  Repertory. 

B.L. 

Greek  Word.  —  *'  That  Greek  word  which  sig- 
nifies that  which  will  endure  to  be  held  up  to  and 
judged  by  the  sunlight,"  writes  Trench  {On  the 
Study  of  Words,  7th  edit.,  p.  6.)  What  is  the 
Greek  word  alluded  to  ?  Vryan  Rheged. 

Lady  Arabella  Denny.  —  It  appears  from  the 
Dublin  Freeman's  Journal  (July  20,  1765)  that  — 

"The  Eight  Hon.  Ladj' Arabella  Denny  was  compli- 
mented with  her  freedom  of  said  Guild  [of  Merchants], 
as  a  mark  of  their  esteem  for  her  Ladyship,  for  her  many 
great  charities  and  constant  care  of  the  poor  foundling 
children  in  the  City  Workhouse  ;  and  [that]  Friday 
being  Assembly  Day,  her  Ladj'ship  was  ordered  to  be 
presented  with  the  freedom  of  this  City  [of  Dublin]  in  a 
silver  box." 

My  object  in  sending  these  particulars  is,  to 
ascertain  whether  any  other  females,  in  Dublin  or 
elsewhere,  have  been  similarly  honoured.  Lady 
Arabella  Denny  (2''*  S.  i.  190;)  appears  to  have 
been  a  real  philanthropist.  Abhba. 

Earldom  of  Melfort. — Beatson's  Political  Index, 
part  ii.  p.  170.,  states  that  the  Scotch  earldom  of 
Melfort  was  forfeited  in  1G90.  In  CoUen's  ed.  of 
Debrett,  1849,  p.  889,  the  year  is  1695.  Which 
is  correct  ?  O'C. 


2»'»  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


m 


St.  Patrick's  Ridges.  —  Where  may  I  find  full 

and  satisfactory  information  respecting  St.   Pa- 
trick's ridges  ?  Abhba. 

p  Encaustic  Paintings  at  Pompeii. — These  decora- 
tions have  been  so  designated,  and  •  yet  on  ex- 
amination they  appear  to  have  been  executed  in 
tempera.  There  is  a  sort  of  glaze  on  them,  which 
is  not  unlike  encaustic,  but  does  not  penetrate 
far  enough  into  the  plaster.  On  excavating  the 
colour-shops,  each  was  found  to  contain  a  very 
large  quantity  of  what  we  commonly  call  resin. 
At  the  time  of  my  sojourn  there  it  was  suggested 
that  a  sort  of  varnish  might  have  been  made  of 
oils  and  resins  ;  applied  to  the  painting  with  a 
brush ;  and,  when  dry,  that  irons  might  have 
been  passed  over  them  sufficiently  hot  to  melt 
the  resin,  and  so  form  a  semi-encaustic  glaze.* 
In  true  encaustic  painting  the  colours  are  mixed 
with  wax  and  oil,  and  hot  irons  passed  over  the 
painting  when  executed,  so  as  to  melt  the  wax, 
and  cause  the  colours  to  sink  into  the  plaster,  in 
a  manner  analogous  to  fresco  vero.  Experi- 
ments were  undertaken  at  the  time,  but  I  have 
not  heard  the  result.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
afford  information  on  this  curious  subject  ?  A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

"  The  Parliament  of  Pimlico  "  and  "  The  Olio." 
—  Two  political  periodicals,  printed  in  Dublin 
shortly  before  the  Union  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland,  and  respectively  entitled  Proceedings  and 
Debates  of  the  Parliament  of  Pimlico,  in  the  Last 
Session  of  the  Eighteenth  Century^  and  The  Olio  ; 
or,  Anythingarian  Miscellany,  attracted  a  very 
considerable  shai'e  of  public  attention.  They 
were  published  by  Vincent  Dowling,  the  latter 
being  a  continuation  of  the  former  ;  and  the  de- 
bates of  the  Irish  Parliament  were  paraphrased 
by  him  with  much  ability,  and  contain  numerous 
local  allusions  applied  with  admirable  wit  and 
propriety.  Dowling,  who  finally,  after  many  vi- 
cissitudes, became  connected  with  The  Times 
newspaper.  Issued  a  large  number  of  ballads  and 
jeux  d'esprit  against  the  proposed  union  with 
Great  Britain. 

For  the  sake  of  those  who  may  wish  to  be  in- 
formed respecting  these  clever  publications,  I 
have  made  a  Note,  referring  for  some  interest- 
ing particulars  to  Gilbert's  History  of  the  City 
of  Dublin,  vol.  iii.  pp.  34—36,  Abhba. 

Aborough  or  Borough  Family.  —  Information  is 
requested  relative  to  the  family  of  Aborough  or 
Borough,  supposed  originally  to  have  been  De 
Burgh,  resident  at  Calais  during  the  reign  of  Hen. 
VIII.  Are  any  Calais  papers  known  to  exist  be- 
side the  large  collection  of  letters  of  the  Lords 
Lisle  and  Cobham,  the  last  governors  of  that 
colony,  the  State  Papers,  and  The  Chronicle  of 
Calais,   by   the   Camden    Society  ?     Is  anything 


known  of  the  papers  of  Richard  Turpyn,  who  was 
"pursuyvant  of  armes  in  Caleys  at  the  losse  thereof,, 
and  there  dwelled  and  inhabyted  ?  "        Camsian. 

Gilbert  Burnet,  M.A Was  the  Rev,  Gilbert 

Burnet,  Vicar  of  Coggeshall  in  Essex,  and  minister 
of  St.  James's,  Clerkenwell,  1743 — 46,  in  any  way 
related  to  Bishop  Burnet  ?  Watt,  in  the  Biblio- 
theca  Britannica,  erroneously  states  that  he  was 
"  the  bishop's  second  son,"  and  confounds  the 
literary  productions  of  Gilbert  Burnet,  vicar  of 
Coggeshall,  with  those  of  Gilbert  Burnet,  M.A., 
second  son  of  the  Bishop  of  Salisbury,  chaplain  to 
King  George  I.,  and  rector  of  East  Barnet,  who 
died  a  bachelor  in  1726,  and  was  buried  in  the 
chancel  of  the  parish  *  cliurch  of  Ea«t  Barnet, 
(^Burnet  Papers,  Addit.  MS.  11,404.  f.  120.) 

His  contemporary,  the  vicar  of  Coggeshall,  sur- 
vived him  many  years,  but  died  suddenly  of 
apoplexy  at  Clerkenwell,  Jan.  28,  1745-6,  aged 
forty-eight,  leaving  two  young  children  orphans, 
and  almost  unprovided  for.  Two  volumes  of 
Practical  Sermons  by  the  Rev.  Gilbert  Burnet, 
M.A.,  8vo.  1747,  were  published  by  subscription 
for  their  benefit.  W.  J.  Pinks. 

Othello  by  Hauff.  —  Has  Othello  by  Hauff  been 
translated  from  the  German  into  English  ?  and 
is  the  right  of  translation  reserved  to  the  author's 
executors  or  others  ?  Q. 

Ralph  Rokeby,  of  Rokeby,  co.  York,  married 

,  daughter  and  heiress  of Danby  ofYaf- 

forth,  near  North  AUerton,  Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents give  their  names?  From  him  is  the 
house  of  Skyers,  of  a  fourth  brother.  Who  is  the 
present  representative  of  the  Rokeby  family  ? 

C.  J.  D.  iNGIiEDEW. 


Mlnar  Outvies  tnftfi  ^n^toeri. 

Pandy. — This  was  the  name  given  to  the  rebel 
Sepoys  during  the  late  mutiny.  Whence  is  it 
derived?  It  can  scarcely  be  from  Pandya,  be- 
cause these  principalities  are  in  the  south  of  India, 
and  the  mutinies  took  place  in  the  north.      A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

[The  name  is  derived  from  one  Mungal  Pandr,  aSepoy 
in  the  34th  native  infantry,  who  at  the  time  of  the  out- 
break was  stationed  at  Barrackp'ore.  On  the  29th  March, 
1857,  Pandy,  roused  to  a  state  of  excitement  by  the  use 
of  intoxicating  drugs,  armed  himself  with  a  sword  and  a 
loaded  musket,  traversed  the  lines,  and  called  upon  his 
comrades  to  rise.  Lieutenant  Baugh,  hearing  of  this 
man's  conduct,  rode  hastilj'  to  the  h'nes.  Mungal  Pandy 
fired,  missed  the  officer,  but  struck  the  horse.  _  The  lieu- 
tenant, in  self-defence,  fired  his  pistol,  but  missed  aim  ; 
whereupon  the  sepoy  attacked  him  sword  in  hand.  The 
dark  feature  in  this  transaction  was  that  many  hundred 
men  in  the  regiment  looked  on  quietly  without  offering 
to  protect  the  lieutenant  from  his  assailant.  With  much 
difficultj',  Pandy  was  eventually  secured  by  Major- 
general  Hearsey,  and  executed  on  the  8th  of  April.    See 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  JuLTf  30.  '59. 


The  History  of  the  Indian  Hevolt,  by  VV.  &  R.  Chambers, 
1859,  p.  42.,  and  The  Sepoy  Revolt,  hy  Henry  Mead,  1857, 
p.  57.] 

Eev.  Thomas  Harrison.  —  Wanted  information 
regarding  Thomas  Harrison,  author  of  Belte- 
sJiazzar,  a  dramatic  poem,  also  of  Sermons.  What 
was  the  date  of  his  death  ?  Z.  A. 

[Nichols  (^Leicestershire,  iii.  382.)  has  the  following 
note:  "Mr.  Harrison  had  been  a  dissenting  minister, 
but  conformed.  He  was  inducted  into  the  vicarage  of 
Katcliffe,  April  15,  1729,  and  was  buried  in  St.  Peter's 
churchyard,  St.  Alban's,  with  the  following  epitaph: 
*  Here  lieth  the  body  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Thomas  Harrison, 
late  Vicar  of  RatclifFe  in  Leicestershire,  who  departed  this 
life  30  March,  1745,  aged  62.  Mrs.  Mary  Harrison,  his 
mournful  relict,  who  died  29  August,  1747,  aged  53.'  "] 

RoideMap  of  Switzerland.  —  I  shall  be  glad  to 
learn  through  the  medium  of  your  pages  what 
map  of  Switzerland  is  to  be  preferred  by  an  in- 
tending pedestrian,  in  point  of  accuracy  and  com- 
pleteness, the  size  of  course  not  being  such  as  to 
encumber  the  pocket  or  knapsack.  T.  M. 

[Our  correspondent  will  of  course  provide  himself  with 
Murray's  Handbook  for  Switzerland,  and  from  that  he 
■will  learn  that  "  the  New  Map  of  Switzerland,  scale  xooW> 
published  by  the  Federal  Government,  under  the  direc- 
tion of  General  Dufour,  and  sold  by  all  the  booksellers,  is 
by  far  the  best.  This  map  contains  not  only  every  road 
and  every  path  of  importance,  but  even  every  single 
house  and  barn,  but  is  too  large  for  pedestrians."  Mur- 
ray's Handbook  is  accompanied  with  a  Clue  Map  of  Swit- 
zerland for  travellers.] 

R.  Roxby  and  J.  Shield.  —  Could  you  give  me 
some  account  of  these  two  Newcastle  poets,  and 
the  titles  of  their  works  ?  Z.  A. 

[Robert  Roxby  was  born  at  Needless  Hall,  Reeds- 
dale,  Northumberland,  and  led  a  rambling  kind  of  life 
imtil  his  twenty-fifth  year,  when  he  became  a  banker's 
clerk.  In  1808,  he  published  The  Lay  of  the  Reedwater 
Minstrel,  a  ballad  poem.  In  1822,  in  conjunction  with 
Mr.  Doubleday,  he  published  a  series  of  lyrics,  entitled. 
The  Coquetdale  Fishing  Songs.  Several  copies  of  verses, 
contributed  by  him,  will  be  found  in  Richardson's  Table 
Book,  and  other  local  works.  He  died  on  July  30,  1846, 
in  Newcastle,  aged  79.  There  is  a  portrait  of  him,  exe- 
cuted in  1838,  by  Nicholson,  from  a  sketch  by  Train. 

John  Shield  was  formerly  an  extensive  grocer  in 
Newcastle.  His  local  songs  have  considerable  excellence 
for  their  humour  and  imagination,  especially  his  comic 
production  "  My  Lord  'Size,"  written  on  the  accidental 
fall  into  the  Tyne  of  Mr.  Baron  Graham.  Of  a  serious 
character  his  song  of  "  Poor  Tom,  the  Blind  Boj',"  and 
the  verses  he  addressed  to  Greathead,  one  of  the  inven- 
tors of  the  life-boat,  sufficiently  prove  the  versatility  of 
his  talent.  Mr.  Shields  died  on  Aug.  6,  1848,  at  Broom- 
haugh,  near  Hexham,  aged  80.  See  Latimer's  Local 
Records,  pp.  217.  249.,  1857.] 


3Siepliti* 


SEAN    CONTBEAEE's    "ELEMENTARY   LECTURES." 

(2""  S.  vii.  505.) 
Your  correspondent  R.  C.   asked   whether  a 
work,  entitled  an  Elementary  Course  of  Lectures  on 


the  Criticism,  hUerpretation  and  Leading  Doctrines 
of  the  Bible,  by  the  late  Dean  Conybeare,  first 
published  in  1834,  had  been  reprinted? 

A  note  to  that  Query  gives  a  reply  in  the  nega- 
tive ;  but  that  statement  I  am  glad  to  contradict, 
agreeing  cordially  in  opinion  with  your  corre- 
spondent as  to  the  value  of  this  little  volume. 
Some  time  ago  I  made  inquiries  as  to  the  exist- 
ence of  a  second  edition,  but  unsuccessfully  ;  and 
I  therefore  concluded  with  the  editor  of  "N.  & 
Q."  that  the  work  had  not  been  reprinted.  At 
length  I  ascertained  that  it  had  been  republished 
in  1836.  The  work  appeared  to  me  to  be  well 
adapted  for  the  use  of  readers  of  a  humbler  class 
than  the  students  to  whom  the  Lectures  were 
originally  addressed,  viz.  the  intelligent,  acute, 
deep-thinking  artisans,  of  whom  a  certain  M.P., 
intimately  acquainted  with  them,  remarked,  "  that 
with  much  natural  talent  they  are,  alas !  too  often 
unbelievers."  For  such  readers,  portions  of  this 
work  are  admirably  suited,  as  it  is  indeed  for  men 
in  all  ranks  of  life  who  are  beset  with  religious 
doubt  —  "  doubt  as  to  the  reality  of  truth,  or 
doubt  as  to  its  application  to  ourselves." 

The  excellent  and  learned  author  concurred  in 
this  opinion  ;  and  on  the  very  eve  of  his  death,  he 
expressed  his  willingness  to  revise  the  work  with 
the  especial  view  of  placing  it  in  the  hands  of 
those  to  whom  allusion  has  been  made.  After  his 
death,  and  before  the  2nd  edition  had  been  disco- 
vered, the  work  was  committed  for  revision  to  an 
able  divine  and  classical  scholar,  who  has  also  gone 
to  his  rest ;  and  the  publication  of  the  work,  in 
another  form,  has,  for  the  present  at  least,  been 
abandoned.  I  may  add  that  the  later  edition  of 
1836  was  enlarged  to  the  extent  of  nearly  200 
pages.  A  lecture  is  prefixed,  "  On  the  right 
Application  of  Classical  and  Scientific  Education 
to  the  Purposes  of  Theological  Instruction."  To 
this  lecture  four  Appendixes  are  subjoined :  one 
from  the  pen  of  the  late  Professor  Blunt,  "  On  the 
probable  History  of  the  Successive  Production  of 
the  several  Evangelical  Narratives,  and  on  the 
undesigned  Coincidences  which  they  exhibit." 
This  masterly  paper  the  Professor  possibly  ex- 
panded into  one  of  those  admirable  volumes  for 
which  the  Church  of  Christ  is  so  deeply  indebted. 

I  have  replied  thus  fully  to  the  Query  of  your 
correspondent  R.  C,  believing  that  the  work  in 
question  may  not  be  so  generally  known  as  it 
deserves  to  be.  As  the  production  of  a  learned 
divine  —  one  also  famed  for  his  scientific  know- 
ledge—  this  manual  is  deserving  a  careful  perusal, 
and  a  wide  circulation.  J.  H.  Markland. 


"ANDREW   MABVELl's  LETTER    TO    JOHN    MILTON. 

(2'">  S.  viii.  47.) 
This  letter  is  given  correctly  in  Symmons'  Life 
of  Milton.     Mk.  HorPEE  assumes,  with  Symmons 


2°*  S.  VIII.  JuM  30,  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


I 


and  others,  that  Cromwell  was  the  person  to  whom 
Milton  sent  a  copy  of  his  Defensio  Secunda  by 
the  hands  of  Marvell.  I  have  no  doubt  that  Brad- 
shaw,  not  Cromwell,  was  the  party.  Compare 
this  letter  of  Marvell,  June  2,  1654,  with  a  letter 
written  by  Milton  to  Bradshaw,  Feb.  21,  1652-3, 
published  by  Todd  in  his  Life  of  Milton.  An- 
drew Marvell,  it  appears,  had  occasion  to  wait 
upon  Bradshaw  (who  lived  at  Eton)  on  some 
matter  of  business ;  and  the  poet  availed  himself 
of  the  opportunity  to  recommend  his  friend  Mar- 
vell as  a  fit  person  to  be  employed  by  the  State, 
—  particularly  to  assist  himself,  then  blind,  in  the 
duties  of  Latin  Secretary.  The  recommendation, 
it  is  well  known,  was  successful,  though  no  ap- 
pointment took  place  at  that  time.  In  the  sum- 
mer of  1654,  about  fifteen  months  after  his  former 
visit,  Marvell  was  again  with  Bradshaw  at  Eton, 
and  at  this  interview  he  presented  the  Lord  Pre- 
sident with  the  copy  of  the  Defensio  which  Mil- 
ton had  sent,  accompanying  the  book  with  a 
letter.  Marvell  briefly  intimated  to  the  poet  that 
he  had  fulfilled  his  mission ;  but  this  intimation 
not  giving  satisfaction  to  the  sensitive  poet,  who 
wished  to  know  how  his  letter  to  Bradshaw  had 
been  received,  the  faithful  Marvell  wrote  again, 
stating  that  he  had  delivered  the  letter  along  with 
the  book.  "  To  tell  you  truly  mine  own  imagina- 
tion," he  says,  "  I  thought  that  he  would  not  open 
it  (the  letter)  while  I  was  there,  because  he  might 
suspect  that  I,  delivering  it  just  upon  my  depar- 
ture, might  have  brought  in  it  some  second  pro- 
position, like  to  that  which  you  had  before  made 
to  him  by  your  letter  to  my  advantage."  The 
reference  here  is  evidently  to  the  letter  of  Feb. 
21,  1652-3.  The  poet  and  Bradshaw  were  dis- 
tantly related*,  and  it  is  very  probable  that  it  was 
through  Bradshaw's  recommendation  or  sugges- 
tion that  Milton  became  Latin  Secretary.  There 
is  no  trace  of  any  personal  intercourse  between 
Cromwell  and  Milton,  nor  do  I  think  there  could 
be  much  cordiality.  The  poet  had  broken  off"  from 
the  Long  Parliament  and  the  Puritans,  and  Oliver 
would  look  with  some  distrust  on  the  high-minded 
Latin  Secretary,  who  had  written  the  Treatises  on 
Divorce  and  the  Areopagitica.  Have  any  portion 
of  Bradshaw's  papers  been  preserved  ?  I  hope 
Mr.  Masson,  the  able  biographer  of  the  poet,  will 
make  inquiry.  R.  Cabruthers. 


CI-ASSICAIi   COCKNETISM. 

(2»'i  S.  vi.  89.) 
The  epigram  of  Catullus,  quoted  by  your  cor- 
respondent, particularly  the  point  in  the  last  two 
lines,  has  always  been  a  puzzle  to  scholars.  When 
we  remember  how  brilliantly,  although  not  always 
delicately,  his  Carmina  end,  we  must  not  suppose 
this  quiz  on  Arrius  fell  pointlessly  on  the  ear  at 

~  ~~[*"See  "N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  viii.  318.] 


its  conclusion.  As  even  Doering,  in  his  late  ad- 
mirable edition  (Altonae,  1834),  has  not  ventured 
to  hint  an  elucidation,  it  may  appear  presump- 
tuous in  me  to  attempt  to  do  so ;  but  I  always 
think  the  domestic  affairs  of  the  Romans  best  un- 
derstood by  a  reference  to  those  of  the  modern 
Italians,  and  probably  a  custom  *of  the  present 
day  will  explain  the  allusion  of  the  past. 

I  must  entreat  my  readers  quite  to  forget  our 
own  notions  as  to  "poor  letter  H,"  and  to  believe 
that  in  Latin,  as  in  modern  Italian,  it  had  no 
aspirate  effect  at  all  analogous  to  ours.  In  Tus- 
cany alone  is  there  anything  like  an  aspirate 
sound,  and  this  has  a  strong  mixture  of  the  gut- 
tural with  it,  something  like  the  Arabic  pronunci- 
ation. Casa,  for  instance,  is  sounded  k'Hasa :  the 
k,  however,  is  nearly  silent.  So  cuoco  is  very 
nearly  huoco,  with  the  slightest  sound  of  our  k. 
Now  we  know  from  the  3rd  Satire  of  Persius, 
the  8th  of  Juvenal,  the  6th  of  the  First  Book  of 
Horace,  and  many  other  passages,  that  in  the 
days  of  the  Emperors  it  was  the  fashion  for  the 
Romans  to  boast  of  being  descended  from  the 
Etruscans,  and  to  affect  their  manners,  and  even 
their  superstitions.  If  Arrius  were  one  of  these, 
his  Tuscan  pronunciation  of  commoda  would  be 
KHommoda  (not  our  ch,  which  we  usually  pro- 
nounce as  if  written  tcli)  ;  and  his  insidias,  VHin- 
sidias.  Exactly  as  we  should  hear  it  at  Florence 
at  the  present  time. 

Let  us  now  turn  to  the  end  of  the  epigram. 
The  poet  says  were  he,  Arrius,  sent  into  Syria, 
and  began  to  talk  in  his  affected  way,  "  suddenly 
a  horrible  news  would  be  spread  abroad,  that  the 
Ionian  waves  had  become  Hionian."  Now  there 
is  no  such  place  or  people  as  Hionia  ;  and  surely 
the  mere  cockney  misapplication  of  "poor  letter 
H,"  Anglice,  could  convey  no  idea  of  horrible 
news.  But  if  we  give  it  the  modern  Tuscan  pro- 
nunciation Khionios,  which  is  very  nearly  the 
Greek  Xioviovs,  and  remember  the  rivalry  between 
the  people  of  Ionia  and  those  of  the  important 
isle  of  Chios  close  on  their  shores,  we  see  the 
point.  The  Ionian  waters  would  become  Chio- 
nian,  which  would  be  something  like  the  English 
Channel  becoming  a  French  Channel,  or  St. 
George's  being  called  St.  Louis'  Channel ;  and  we 
could  understand  it  as  horrible  news  indeed. 

A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 


CELTIC   REMAINS   IN   JAMAICA. 

(2'^'^  S.  viii.  24.  59.) 
I  fear  the  remains  mentioned  by  Mr.  Pattison 
are  neither  Celtic  nor  celts.  They  are  only  stone 
implements,  such  as  are  found  all  over  the  world ; 
and  bearing  testimony  to  the  truth  that  every- 
where the  individual  members  of  mankind,  when 
placed  in  the  same  circumstances,  must  take  to 


92 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '59. 


the  same  resources  and  come  to  the  same  results. 
It  was  necessity  taught  them,  and  taught  them  to 
use  ^rst,  what  was  within  their  immediate  grasp. 
The  human  race  indeed  (and  in  deeds)  is  one  ! 

I  have  now  before  me  a  Report,  made  up  by 
Dr.  C.  Leemans,  the  Director  of  the  Leyden 
Museum  of  Antiquities.  In  it  he  refers  to  the 
several  acquisitions  made,  in  the  year  1858,  by 
the  collection  under  his  care.  Under  the  heading 
"  Asiatic  Monuments,"  he  writes  :  — 

"  Our  division  of  Javanese  Antiquities  was  greatly  en- 
riched with  a  present,  offered  by  Mr.  J.  A.  Kraijenbrink, 
and  sent  by  him  from  the  Tegalwaru-lands,  Krawang 
Residence,  in  Java,  to  the  Ministry  of  Inland  Atfairs. 

"  This  gift  is  the  more  important,  because  it  was 
accompanied  by  an  exact  account  of  the  circumstances 
and  particulars  which  attended  the  sundry  discoveries.  A 
farther  illustration  was  also  given  in  a  minute  sketch  of 
one  of  the  sites,  where  some  of  the  antiquities  were  found. 

"  The  collection  contained  nine  stone  wedges  of  differ- 
ent forms  and  sizes,  and  consisting  of  quartz,  chalcedonj', 
agate,  green  jasper,  flint,  and  brown  jasper.  These  wedges 
or  hatchets  were  long  from  4  (Dutch  or  French)  centi- 
metres, 5  millimetres,  to  11  centimetres;  broad  from  2-1 
to  6  centimetres,  and  thick  from  8  to  30  millimetres; 
they  were  discovered  in  1853 — 1856  at  Pangkehan,  Sirba 
Telukdjambee,  Tegahwaru,  Tjeehaskana,  and  Ulekkam, 
all  places  situate  in  the  Tegalwarulands. 

"  But  of  particular  importance  are  six  objects,  which, 
in  1851,  were  dug  up  near  the  dessa  Tjilledock,  not  far 
from  the  river  Lossaree  in  the  Residence  Cheribon. 
Though  at  different  depths  under  the  trodden  soil,  the 
pieces  of  antiquity  I  am  going  to  describe  were  found 
lying  in  each  other's  vicinity.  They  afford  us  the  first 
instances,  as  far  as  our  knowledge  goes,  of  stone  and 
metal  implements  of  this  kind  discovered  contiguouslj', 
and  thus  seemingly  descending  from  the  same  period. 
Thej'  are:  a  flat,  oblong  wedge,  neatly  and  smoothly 
worked  and  ground,  and  apparently'  never  used,  long  16, 
broad  6-5,  and  thick  1  centimetre :  and  a  second  chisel- 
shaped  wedge,  outside  convex,  inside  concave,  also  of 
very  neat,  smooth,  and  sharp  workmanship.  This  second 
implement,  as  the  first,  is  of  lava,  and  was,  it  seems, 
never  used.  Its  dimensions  are,  length  22,  breadth  55, 
thickness  4  centimetres.  In  the  third  place :  a  finely 
preserved  bronze  spear-head,  18  centimetres  long,  and 
6'5  wide.  These  three  objects  were  found  at  about  the 
same  depth.  Xearly  four  yards  above  lay  a  fourth  object, 
being  part  of  an  iron  sword,  still  35  centimetres  long,  5 
wide,  and  1  thick." 

Farther :  — 

"  For  the  division  American  Antiquities,  we  received 
three  objects,  whose  relative  value  is  heightened  by  the 
circumstance  that  they  came  from  the  soil,  trodden  by 
the  earlier  inhabitants  of  Guyana,  now  in  part  the  Dutch 
colony  Surinarti :  and  thus  afford  us  the  first  opportunity 
for  opening  in  our  Museum  a  subdivision  of  antiquities 
from  the  Dutch  West-Indian  possessions.  They  consist 
in  a  beautifully  polished  wedge  of  yellowish  quartz, 
grooved  at  both  sides  of  the  upper  end,  in  order  to  admit 
of  its  being  fastened  to  a  handle.  This  implement  has  a 
length  of  13  centimetres:  its  breadth,  at  the  upper  part, 
is  of  9,  and  its  thickness  of  3  centimetres.  Together  with 
another  wedge, — about  which  presentlj', — it  was  found 
nnder  one  tree,  and  was  presented  to  Lieutenant  Jonkheer 
C.  A.  van  Sj'pesteyn,  then  adjutant  to  the  Governor  of 
the  Colony,  by  the  director  of  the  plantation  Berg  en 
Dral,  the  place  where  the  hatchets  were  discovered.  The 
second  wedge,  of  which  a  plaster  cast  was  made  for  the 


Museum,  is  6  centimetres  high,  and  has  from  6  to  8  centi- 
metres breadth.  It  is  made  out  of  peculiar  kind  of  quartz, 
in  Dutch  kwartsiet,  and  differs  in  form  from  the  instru- 
ment just  mentioned,  by  looking  more  like  a  battle-axe. 
In  fact,  the  narrow  sides  diverge  towards  a  fan-like  edge. 
For  the  rest,  the  implement  has,  like  the  other  hatchet,  a 
groove  at  both  sides,  to  facilitate  the  fastening  of  the 
handle. 

"  The  third  object  is  a  flat-round  grinding-stone  of 
quartz,  6  centimetres,  5  millimetres  by  5  centimetres,  4 
millimetres :  it  was  obtained  by  Mr.  van  Sypesteyn  from 
the  plantation  Bleijendaal,  where  it  was  stated  to  have 
fallen  from  the  skj'  after  a  meteorical  explosion.  To  this 
kind  of  implements,  which  the  natives  distinguish  from 
the  stone  hatchets  or  wedges  by  the  name  of  thuuderstones 
(^dondersteenen),  the  barbarians  of  Guyana  ascribe  a  great 
medical  power." 

Mr.  Leemans  farther  supposes  (though  to  us  It 
seems  improbable)  that  the  aborigines  may  have 
translated  into  their  language  the  name  of  donder- 
steenen,  which  perhaps  Dutch  settlers  gave  to  such 
stones  in  their  hearing :  and  he  then  infers  that, 
also  from  the  Dutch,  the  natives  may  have  adopted 
their  belief  in  the  healing  properties  of  this  kind 
of  antiquities. 

"  It  is  remarkable,"  saj's  he,  "  that,  as  well  in  the  East 
as  in  the  West-Indies,  the  same  appellation  and  super- 
stition are  found  to  exist,  which  still  are  prevalent 
amongst  our  illiterate  countrj'folks.  It  is  well  known 
that,  in  Holland,  the  stone  wedges  are  called  donderbeiteh 
[^thunder-chisels'],  whilst,  in  Java,  they  are  named  light- 
ning-teeth \bUksem-tanden'\." 

Now,  to  us,  this  is  no  cause  of  v/onder  at  all. 
Man  wants  always  to  assign  a  cause  for  everything, 
and,  rather  than  confess  his  ignorance,  he  will  in- 
vent a  cause.  For  instance  :  how  lightning  can 
split  a  gnarled  oak,  the  illiterate  do  not  under- 
stand. But  if  near  this  oak  is  found  a  stone 
wedge,  of  course  to  this  wedge  is  ascribed  the 
phenomenal  destruction.  The  hatchets  are  mostly 
found  near  trees  :  for  to  fell  trees  they  no  doubt 
were  most  used.  And,  of  course,  near  very  olE 
trees,  which  already  existed  in  the  stone  period  ; 
and  these,  as  highest,  are  most  subject  to  being 
struck  with  lightning.  The  stone  implements  were 
either  forgotten  or  left  there,  because,  in  our  age 
of  unsafety,  man  has  often  suddenly  to  leave  his 
peaceful  occupations  never  to  come  back,  or  even 
sometimes  is  killed  over  his  instruments  of  peace. 

In  the  north  of  Europe  the  name  of  donderheitel 
perhaps  still  echoes  a  faint  reminiscence  of  Thor's 
mighty  hammer,  and  not  less  mighty  thunderbolts, 
whilst,  almost  everywhere,  the  memory  of  the 
stone  period  has  vanished,  and  more  civilised 
mankind  is  hardly  able  to  represent  to  itself  an 
age  in  which  iron  was  not  known. 

But  in  the  current  belief,  spread  all  over  the 
world,  that  the  stone  implements  of  antiquity  are 
the  ivedges  of  lightning,  we  again  see  a  proof  of 
the  individuality  of  the  human  race  ! 

The  healing  power,  assigned  by  the  natives  of  Su- 
rinam to  the  ancient  grinding-stones,  may  perhaps 
be  a  faint  reminiscence  that  once  medicaments 


2«<»  S.  Vill.  JWY  30.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


9a 


were  ground  with  them,  instead  of  with  pestle  and 
mortar.  But,  may  be,  I  ascribe  too  much  civilisa- 
tion to  an  uncultivated  period  ! 

In  conclusion  I  may  as  well  note  down  that  a 
German  haymaker  once  told  me,  that  he  remem- 
bered having  seen  a  thunder-chisel  which  always 
sweated  when  a  thunderstorm  was  approaching. 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 

Zeyst. 

With  reference  to  Mr.  Pattison's  inquiry  con- 
cerning the  discovery  of  stone  celts  in  Jamaica,  I 
beg  to  state  that  I  have  in  my  possession  one  that 
I  brought  from  that  island  some  years  since.  I 
obtained  it  from  a  negro  woman,  who  kept  it  in  a 
porous  water-jar  ;  informing  me  that  the  fluid 
was  much  cooler  in  consequence  of  the  charm  of, 
this  peculiar  shaped  stone,  and  I  had  some  diffi- 
culty in  persuading  her  to  give  it  to  me.  She 
could  not  give  any  account  as  to  how  she  became 
possessed  of  it :  she  had  never  remembered  it 
being  anywhere  else  except  in  the  water-cooler. 

It  is  precisely  similar  in  shape  (pyriform)  to 
similar  implements  that  I  have  seen  in  museums. 
It  is  two  inches  nine-tenths  in  length,  and  one 
inch  six-tenths  in  the  widest  part,  where  it  has  a 
cutting  edge.  It  shows  no  mark  of  having  been 
attached  to  a  handle,  like  those  described  by  your 
correspondent.  The  stone  is  dark  green  (por- 
phyry ?),  and  apparently  of  precisely  the  same 
kind  as  some  New  Zealand  war  clubs  (pata-patoos) 
that  I  have.  R.  Heward. 

Kensington. 


The  Legend  of  Bethgellert  (2°^  S.  vii.  452.)  — 
Mb.  Girdlestone  has  been  anticipated,  as  will  be 
seen  from  the  passage  I  subjoin  from  Mr.  Dasent's 
Introduction  to  the  second  edition  of  his  Popular 
Tales  from  the  Norse,  published  in  March  last. 
After  resolving  Tell's  Mastershot  into  a  mere 
myth,  Mr.  Dasent  proceeds  to  perform  the  same 
feat  for  poor  Gellert :  — 

"  Nor  let  any  pious  Welchman  be  shocked  if  we  ven- 
ture to  assert  that  Gellert,  that  famous  hound  upon 
whose  last  resting-place  the  traveller  comes  as  he  passes 
down  the  lovely  vale  of  Gwynant,  is  a  mythical  dog,  and 
never  snuffed  the  fresh  breeze  in  the  forest  of  Snowdon, 
nor  saved  his  master's  child  from  ravening  Wolf.  This, 
too,  is  a  primaeval  storj-,  told  with  many  variations. 
Sometimes  the  foe  is  a  Wolf,  sometimes  a  Bear,  sometimes 
a  Snake.  Sometimes  the  faithful  guardian  of  the  child  is 
an  Otter,  a  Weasel,  or  a  Dog.  It,  too,  came  from  the  East. 
It  is  found  in  the  Pantcha-Tantra,  in  the  Hitopadesa,  in 
BidpaVs  Fables,  in  the  Arabic  original  of  the  Seven  Wise 
Masters,  and  in  many  mediaeval  versions  of  those  origi- 
nals. (See  Pancha-Tantra,  v.  ii.  of  Wilson's  ^noZys/s, 
quoted  by  Loiseleur  Deslongchaipps'  Essai  sw'  les  Fables 
Indiennes,  Paris,  Zechener,  1838,  p.  54,  where  the  animal 
that  protects  the  child  is  a  Mangouete  (  Viverra  Mungo. 
See  also  Hitopadesa,  Max  Milller's  translation,  Leipzig, 
Brockhaus,  p.  178,  where  the  guardian  is  an  Otter.    In 


both,  the  foe  is  a  Snake).  Thence  it  passed  into  the  La- 
tin Gesta  Bomanorum,  where  it  may  be  read  as  a  .service 
rendered  by  a  faithful  hound  against  a  snake."  —  Pp. 
xxxvi. — ix. 

I  cannot  help  remarking  that  though  William 
Tell  and  Gellert  may  be  fictions,  it  does  not  neces- 
sarily follow  that  they  are  such,  merely  because 
they  have  counterparts  in  universal  mythology. 
By-the-way,  between  the  labours  of  MM.  Grimm 
and  such  disciples  as  Mr.  Dasent  and  Mr.  Keight- 
ley,  &c.,  we  may  soon  look  for  a  classical  work  on 
a  large  scale  on  Comparative  Popular  Mythology ; 
or  at  least  a  new  edition  of  Mr.  Keightley's  ad- 
mirable work,  Tales  and  Popular  Fictions,  their 
Besemhlance,  amd  Transmission  from  Country  to 
Cmintry.  Eirionnach. 

Medical  Tract  by  Marat :  Marat  in  Edinburgh 
(2"*  S.  viii.  52.)  —  G.  inquires  whether  any  addi- 
tional proof  can  be  given  of  Marat  having  been 
in  Edinburgh  ?  Such  proof  is  to  be  found  in  a 
medical  tract,  now  before  me,  which  I  have  never 
seen  attributed  to  the  Marat  of  infamous  memory, 
although  his  name  stands  on  the  title-page.  Ma- 
rat does  not  figure  as  a  medical  writer  in  Dezei- 
meri's  Diet.  Historique  de  la  M^decine  Ancienne  et 
Modeme,  1836.  In  the  Biographic  Universelle  no 
mention  is  made  of  this  medical  tract,  but  Marat's 
residence  in  Edinburgh  is  briefly  mentioned,  and 
the  Chains  of  Slavery,  and  also  several  treatises 
on  electricity,  are  attributed  t»  him.  In  the  me- 
dical tract  the  subject  of  electricity  is  again  al-. 
luded  to.  The  title  is  as  follows  :  An  Enquiry 
into  the  Nature,  Cause,  and  Cure  of  a  singular 
Disease  of  the  Eyes,  hitherto  unknown,  and  yet 
common,  produced  hy  the  Use  of  certain  Mercurial 
Preparations,  by  J.  P.  Marat,  M.D. :  London, 
printed  for  W.  Nicoll,  in  St.  Paul's  Churchyard, 
and  J.  Williams  in  Fleet  Street,  4to.,  pp.  19.  A 
preliminary  address  to  the  Fellows  of  the  Royal 
Society  is  dated  "  Church  Street,  Soho,  January 
1st,  1776."  The  whole  tract  is  sad  trash.  At  the 
end  (p.  19.)  is  a  note,  which  mentions  his  having 
been  "at  Edinburgh  last  August"  (1775).  The 
concluding  paragraph  of  the  tract  is  worth  quot- 
ing, as  showing  how  the  same  man  could  write 
like  a  philanthropist,  and  afterwards  act  like  a 
monster :  — 

« If  one  cannot  always  be  the  happy  instrument  of 
alleviating  the  misery  of  the  unfortunate,  it  is,  however, 
a  sort  of  service  tendered  to  them  to  prevent  their  being 
made  worse." 

Jatdbe. 

Vertue's  "-Draughts"  (2°^  S.  viii.  26.) —Your 
correspondent  Sheex,  who  inquires  respecting 
Vertue's  Draughts,  or  Drawings  from  Ancient 
Statues,  appears  to  have  been  misled.  There  is  no 
record  of  any  such  work.  In  the  first  place,  the 
assurance  which  he  has  received  is  quite  correct, 
that  there  is  no  mention  of  such  a  publication  in 
the  Catalogues  of  the  British  Museum.     In  the 


94 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '59. 


second  place,  it  is  not  to  be  found  in  the  published 
lists  of  Vertue's  works.  And  thirdly,  more  mar- 
vellous still,  it  is  nowhere  mentioned  in  the  valu- 
able paper  in  your  1"  S.  xi.  pp.  380-1.  ("Re- 
marks on  Crowns,"  &c.,  from  MS.  of  S.  M. 
Leaks,  Es^.,  Garter),  in  which,  according  to 
your  correspondent's  statement,  he  finds  "re- 
peated reference"  to  it ! 

The  learned  papers  "  on  Crowns,"  in  your  first 
series,  contain  various  references,  especially  in  the 
notes,  to  draughts  by  Vertue  ;  but  these  must  be 
sought  for  in  another  quarter,  and  under  a  differ- 
ent title.  When  the  Knaptons  determined  to 
publish  their  edition  of  Rapin's  History  of  Eng- 
land, "  they  engaged  Vertue  to  accompany  it  with 
effigies  of  Kings,  and  suitable  decorations"  ("Life 
of  Vertue,"  appended  to  H,  Walpole's  edition  of 
Vertue's  Catalogue  of  Engravers,  p.  198.).  Ver- 
tue accordingly  executed  a  "  large  set  of  heads  of 
the  Kings,  for  Rapin"  (folio  edition),  and  a 
"  smaller  set,  ditto,"  octavo  (see  Walpole's  "  List 
of  Vertue's  Works,"  ut  supra) .  However,  as  the 
Knapton  editions,  which  were  originally  published 
in  numbers,  are  not  always  complete  in  respect 
to  the  prints,  your  correspondent  Sheen,  if  he 
wishes  to  verify  Garter's  descriptions  by  Vertue's 
Draughts,  will  perhaps  best  effect  his  object  by 
the  aid  of  Vertue's  Heads  and  Monuments  of  the 
Kings  of  England.  This  work  he  will  find  in  the 
British  Museum  under  "Vertue,"  in  the  Cata- 
logue of  the  King^s  Library.  It  is  a  noble  folio, 
containing  the  "  Heads  and  Monuments,"  with  a 
moderate  amount  of  letter-press,  but  without  the 
text  of  Rapin.  The  accuracy  of  Garter's  de- 
scriptions, as  referring  to  the  "  draughts"  of  Rapin, 
your  correspondent  will  find  most  exemplary. 
But  there  is  some  room  for  suspicion,  as  to  the 
accuracy  of  Vertue  himself;  although",  in  his  day, 
he  was  run  down  for  his  stubborn  fidelity. 

Thomas  Boys. 

VAcademie  Frangaise  (2"'^  S.  viii,  37.)  —  The 
mention  of  the  French  Academy  is  only  sugges- 
tive to  most  Englishmen  of  Johnson's  great  Dic- 
tionary, and  of  Garrlck's  witty  epigram  respecting 
it,  as  a  task  which  the  doctor  accomplished  uu- 
aided  and  alone;  while  a  similar  laborious  under- 
taking was  assigned  in  France  to  forty  literati  — 
the  number  of  members  of  the  French  Academy. 
The  merits  and  services  of  the  Academie  Fran- 
<jaise,  however,  far  transcend  the  utility,  great  as 
it  is,  arising  from  the  compilation  of  a  national 
dictionary.  Instituted  by  Cardinal  Richelieu,  the 
Academie  speedily  became  a  centre  for  the  most 
distinguished  literary  merit  and  talent  in  the  na- 
tion ;  and  showed  that  a  new  and  independent 
power  had  arisen  in  the  world  of  letters  —  a  power 
which  still  subsists,  and  whose  favourable  and  un- 
biassed opinion  crowns  the  works  that  are  sub- 
mitted to  its  decision  with  an  award  which  is 
considered  of  the  highest  distinction. 


The  new  edition,  by  M.  Livet,  of  the  Histoire 
de  r Academie  Francaise,  par  Pellisson  et  D'OlIvet, 
will  give  the  reader  ample  information  on  a  very 
interesting  subject.  J.  Macray. 

Chatterton  MS.  (2"^  S.  vill.  50.)  —  Is  your  cor- 
respondent quite  sure  this  MS.  is  7'eally  "in  the 
well-known  autograph  of  Chatterton  ?  "  My  rea- 
son for  asking  the  question  is,  that  in  December, 
1853,  one  precisely  similar  was  knocked  down  to 
my  agent  at  auction  as  genuine,  but  afterwards 
rejected  on  having  been  pronounced  by  the 
highest  authority  not  to  be  Chatterton's.  It  was 
utterly  unlike  anything  I  had  ever  seen  of  the  ill- 
fated  poet's  in  my  own  possession  or  in  the  British 
Museum,  and  had  I  inspected  it  before  the  sale,  of 
course,  I  should  not  have  sent  a  commission  to 
purchase.  As  far  as  I  remember,  the  water-mark 
was  as  described  by  Mr.  Owen,  and  that  the  last 
line  of  the  twelfth  page  was  — 

"  Defend  thee  from  the  flying  shafts  of  Death." 

Upon  comparison  I  came  to  the  conclusion  it 
was  a  modernised  fragment  of  "  ^Ua,"  from  the 
pen  of  Mr.  Leger  (author  of  Memoi?'s  of  Bristol), 
and  one  of  your  many  readers  will  probably  be  able 
to  inform  Mr.  Owen  if  paper  with  such  water-mark 
was  manufactured  in  Chatterton's  time  ? 

On  looking  over  some  letters  from  Mary  New- 
ton (Chatterton's  sister)  in  my  possession,  in  reply 
to  a  question,  I  find  she  stated  Chatterton  gleaned 
the  "Argument"  from  the  old  Redcliff  church 
parchments,  and  that  he  "  versified  "  it  probably, 
first  of  all  in  modern,  and  afterwards  in  antiquated 
orthography.  Bristoliensis. 

De  Foe's  Descendants  (S'"^  S.  vHI.  51.)  —  I 
copied  from  the  fly-leaf  of  a  Pocket-Bible  in  the 
possession  of  a  friend  the  following  entries,  which 
I  intended  to  have  placed  in  "  N.  &  Q."  some 
time  ago.  I  was  reminded  to  do  so  by  the  in- 
quiry of  your  correspondent  CM.:  — 

"  Henry  Baker  and  Sophia  De  Foe  were  married  30"' 
April,  1729. 

"David  Erskine  Baker  was  born  at  London  in  the 
Parish  of  S«.  Dunstan  in  the  West,  on  Friday,  30'h  Jany, 
1729-30,  about  three  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  He  was 
baptized  in  the  same  Parish.  The  R'.  Hon.  David  Er- 
skine, Earl  of  Buchan,  and  John  Forster,  Esq.  being  his 
Godfathers,  and  M".  Hj-de  his  Godmother. 

"  Henry  Baker  was  born  at  Enfield  in  the  county  of 
Middx.  on  Sunday',  W^  Feby.  1733-4,  between  nine  and 
ten  in  the  morning.  He  was  also  baptized  there,  M^ 
Thomas  Pritchard  and  M"'.  John  Stillingfleet  being  his 
Godfathers,  and  M".  Jane  Forster  his  Godmother." 

I  observe  a  note  in  the  Neto  England  Genealo- 
gical Register  for  July,  1858,  which  states  that 
James  De  Foe  was  the  father  of  eight  children, 
two  of  whom,  James  and  Priscilla,  were  surviving. 

W.  St. 

Watson,  Yorkshire  (2"*  S.  viii.  10,)  — There  are 
two  Bilton  Parks  In  Yorkshire  :  one  between  York 
and  Wetherby,   long  the  seat  of  the  Plumers ; 


2«d  S.VIII.  JvLY  30.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


95 


and  one  between  Harrogate  and  Knaresboroiigh, 
where  I  believe  a  Mr.  Farside  Watson  did  reside  ; 
but  I  am  not  aware  of  any  connexion  between  him 
and  the  family  of  Watson  who  for  some  genera- 
tions held  Malton  Abbey  at  a  nominal  rent  of 
Hemsworth  Hospital.  The  last  of  this  family, 
Mr.  George  Watson — who,  from  his  being  a  ma- 
gistrate, was  always  called  "Justice  Watson"  — 
died  between  1800  and  1810,  leaving  his  property 
to  a  nephew  in  London,  William  Wood,  who  took 
his  uncle's  name,  and  became  William  Wood  Wat- 
son, who  died  many  years  ago  without  leaving  any 
descendants.  H.  W. 

Halls  of  Greatford  (2'«»  S.  vii.  497.  526.)— 
Your  correspondent  S.  H.  will  find  a  pedigree  of 
the  Halls  of  Greatford  in  Blore's  Rutland,pp.  131. 
and  225. 

In  the  hall,  over  the  fireplace,  at  Gretford  are 
carved  the  arms  of  Edmund  Hall,  arg.  a  chevron 
engrailed  between  three  talbots'  heads  erased 
sable,  impaling  those  of  his  wife,  Anne,  daughter 
of  Christopher  Willougbby  of  Parham.  Above  is 
the  coat  of  Hall,  out  of  ducal  coronet,  or,  a  plume 
of  feathers,  arg.,  thereon  a  demi-lion  rampant,  or. 

On  the  dexter  side  of  the  atchievement  is  a 
complex  merchant's  mark,  possibly  having  refer- 
ence to  the  comptrollership  of  Calais,  held  by  Hall's 
father.  On  the  sinister,  a  friar's  head  hooded, 
with  a  rosary  round  his  neck,  in  compliment  to 
Willoughby. 

The  grandson  of  this  couple  was  Henry  Hall, 
•who  left  three  daughters  coheirs  in  1692. 

1.  Elizabeth,  married  Sir  Hugh  Middleton  of 
Pall  Mall,  Bart. 

2.  Frances,  married  John  Weston  of  Ockham. 

3.  Margaret,  married  Thomas  Babington  of 
Rothley,  Temple,  whose  issue  by  her  still  remain 
extant.  Various  documents  relating  to  the  Halls 
are  preserved  at  Rothley. 

The  estate  seems  to  have  been  sold.  It  is  now 
the  property  of  Lord  Latimers,  and  \vas  long 
tenanted  by  the  celebrated  and  skilful  Dr.  Willis. 

C. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

Coals,  when  First  used  in  England  (2"'*  S.  viii. 
53.)  —  The  present  Seacoal  Lane,  near  Snow 
Hill,  is  mentioned  under  that  name  {Secollane) 
so  early  as  1253.  It  derived  its  name,  there  can 
be  little  doubt,  from  the  fivct  that  the  coal  was 
brought  in  barges  up  the  Fleet  River,  and  there 
stored  for  domestic  purposes.  R. 

Calverley  Family  (2"^  S.  viii.  28.)  —  C.  J.  D. 
Ingledew  may  perhaps  not  be  aware  that  a  Mr, 
T.  Calverley  (who  is,  I  believe,  of  the  old  Calver- 
ley family)  now  resides  at  Oulton  Hall,  near 
Leeds.  Your  correspondent  may  be  able  to  ob- 
tain information  concerning  Sir  Henry  Calverley 
from  him.  S. 


"  Baratariana"  (2"<»S.  viii.  52.)— The  following 
extract,  from  Gilbert's  History  of  the  City  of 
Dublin  (vol.  i.  p.  294.),  may  perhaps  prove  inter- 
esting to  your  correspondent :  — 

".  The  Freeman's  Journal  [started  by  Henry  Brooke  ia 
1763]  became  the  organ,  in  1770,  of  Flood,  Grattan,  and 
the  other  opponents  of  the  administration  of  Lord  Town- 
shend,  who  was  defended  by  Jephson  and  Simcox  ia 
Hoey's  llercwy.  Flood's  letters  to  the  Freeman  appeared 
under  the  signature  of  'Syndercombe';  and  the  various 
essaj's  and  jettx  d'esprit  published  in  this  journal  against 
Lord  Townshend  were  collected  and  reprinted  in  1773^ 
under  the  title  of  Baratariana,  to  which  Grattan  contri- 
buted his  celebrated  character  of  Pitt." 

The  Freeman  s  Journal,  in  literary  ability  and 
arrangement,  was  incomparably  superior  to  its 
Dublin  contemporaries ;  and  (according  to  Mr. 
Gilbert)  had  the  merit  of  being,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  Censor,  the  first  Irish  newspaper  which 
published  original  and  Independent  political  essays. 
I  have  at  this  moment  before  me  the  first  four 
volumes,  1763-67.  Abhba^ 

Your  correspondent,  who  asks  for  information 
regarding  the  authors  o^ Baratariana,  may  care  to 
know  that  "  Sir  Hercules  Langrishe,  Mr.  Grattan, 
then  a  young  barrister  not  in  parliament,  and 
Mr.  Flood,"  were,  according  to  the  Memoirs  of 
Flood  (p.  79.),  the  principal  writers  of  that  poli- 
tical miscellany.  In  Grattan  s  Life  (vol.  i.  p.  185.) 
there  is  an  account  of  a  visit  to  Sir  Hercules  in 
1810;  and  the  octogenarian  is  found  repeating 
with  enthusiasm  some  of  his  flash  passages  in, 
Baratariana.  Sir  Hercules's  contributions  to  this 
bundle  of  political  pasquinades  are  noticed  in 
Grattan's  elegy  on  the  death  of  the  patriot  baro- 
net (vide  vol.  i.  p.  188.)  The  articles  written  by 
Grattan  were,  as  his  son  informs  us  (vol.  i.  p. 
185.),  "Posthumous,"  "Pericles,"  and  the  Dedi- 
cation of  Baratariana,  He  read  them  to  his 
friends,  and  they  were  struck  by  his  description  of 
Lord  Chatham.  Gilbert's  Dublin  (vol.  i.  p.  294.) 
tells  us,  what  the  Life  of  Flood  does  not,  that  the 
articles  signed  "Syndercombe"  were  from  Flood's 
pen.  The  volume  of  Public  Characters  for  1806 
(p.  64.),  in  noticing  the  family  of  General  Sir  J. 
Doyle,  observes :  — 

"  William  was  a  King's  Counsel,  and  Master  in  Chan- 
cery, and  universally  admired  for  his  brilliant  wit,  which 
obtained  him  the  friendship  of  Edmund  Burke,  Lord 
Charlemont,  &c.  He  contributed  largely  to  that  ad- 
mired political  publication  called  Baratariana." 

The  information  regarding  the  authors  of  Bara- 
tariana, which  the  late  Right  Hon.  J.  W.  Croker 
promised  (1"  S.  x.  353.)  but  failed  to  adduce,  is 
much  to  be  regretted.  A  tolerably  accurate  key 
to  the  characters  which  figure  in  this  book  might,, 
if  desirable,  be  furnished. 

William  John  FitzPatrick, 

Stillorgan,  Dublin. 

Bev.  George  Holiwell  (2"''  S.  vii.  455.)  —  In 
answer  to  the  Query  of  P.  R.,  I  have  to  state  that 


96 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«<i  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '69. 


Mr.  George  Holiwell  (who  came  from  Selkirk) 
was  admitted  minister  of  the  parish  of  Polwarth, 
Berwickshire,  in  1664,  and  died  in  1704.  I  do 
not  know  his  wife's  name,  but  she  was  not  a 
daughter  of  the  family  of  Marchmont.  His  son 
Walter  was  bound  apprentice  to  a  perriwig-maker 
in  Dunse  ;  this  sc*n  married  Janet  Duns,  and  their 
descendants  are  still  living  in  that  town.  At  the 
time  his  sou  was  bound,  he  borrowed  five  pounds 
from  Lord  Marchmont  to  pay  the  apprentice  fee. 
(MS.  letter  in  library  of  Sir  Hugh  Hume  Camp- 
bell of  Marchmont.) 

Mr.  Holiwell  was  the  episcopal  minister  of  Pol- 
warth during  the  persecutions  of  Charles  II.,  and 
was  aware  that  Sir  Patrick  Hume  (afterwards 
Earl  of  Marchmont)  was  concealed  in  the  vault 
under  Polwarth  Kirk  ;  he  also  knew  of  the  visits 
of  Sir  Patrick's  daughter  every  night  with  food  to 
her  fathei'.  He  was  a  great  favourite  with  Sir 
Patrick.  His  portrait  is  still  at  Marchmont 
House.  M.  G.  F. 

Anvalonnacu  (2"*  S.  vii.  206.  266.)— Dr.  Pughe, 
under  '■'■afalach"  (from  afall,  an  apple,  pi.  efyll 
and  afallori),  says  "  an  orchard,  hence  Ynys  Wyd- 
rin,  or  Glastonbury,  was  originally  called  Ynys 
Afallach  and  Ynys  Afallon,  also  a  proper  name  of 
men."  Cf.  Avalon,  or  Afalon  and  Aballo^  with 
the  Isle  of  Abalus  (one  of  the  Glessarias  men- 
tioned by  Pliny  as  dispersed  over  the  Baltic),  on 
whose  coast  amber  was  found.  There  is  also 
Avallon,  or  Aballon,  a  province  in  Newfoundland. 

R.  S.  Charnock. 

Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists  (2"*  S.  vii.  522.) 
—  As  coming,  perhaps,  fairly  under  the  foregoing 
designation,  may  be  mentioned  the  sign  of  "  The 
Mortal  Man  "  over  the  little  public-house  in  the 
picturesque  valley  of  Troutbeck,  about  four  miles 
from  Ambleside,  in  Westmoreland.  The  local 
tradition  is  that  the  late  J.  C,  Ibbetson,  author 
of  a  work  on  painting  in  oil,  while  residing  at  the 
pleasant  town  above  named,  used  often  to  ramble 
as  far  as  Troutbeck  to  indulge  in  the  double  en- 
joyment of  the  sweet  scenery  around  and  the 
"  liome-brewed "  within  the  humble  alehouse  ; 
and  that,  in  acknowledgment  and  commendation 
of  the  latter,  he  painted  a  sign  with  two  faces, 
each  "  looking  the  character  "  admirably,  and  with 
labels  from  their  mouths,  thus  inscribed  :  — 
"  Thou  mortal  man,  who  livest  by  bread, 

What  is  it  makes  thy  nose  so  red?  " 
"  Thou  silly  oaf,  with  nose  so  pale, 

It  is  with  drinking  Birket'a  ale !  " 
The  painting  has,  I  am  sorry  to  say,  been  sup- 
planted by  its  title  in  plain  letters ;  but  old  peo- 
ple say  they  remember  and  admired  it.  The 
landlady  herself  told  me  that  the  Blrkets  carried 
it  away  when  they  left  the  house,  and  she  thought 
it  was  now  at  Carlisle  (?).  I  know  not  what  the 
ale  may  have  been  in  Ibbetson's  time,  but  I  must 
say  that  a  dear  niece  and  myself  thought  a  glass 


of  it  very  good,  about  a  fortnight  since,  after  walk- 
ing from  Ambleside  to  Troutbeck  on  one  of  the 
hottest  days  of  this  summer,  when  Windermere 
was  more  shrunk,  and  the  waterfalls  of  the  Lake 
District  generally  more  diminished  than  they  were 
almost  ever  before  known  to  be.  J.  H. 

I  noticed  the  other  day,  at  the  White  Lion, 
near  the  parish  church,  Doncastei',  a  sign,  con- 
sisting of  a  rather  artistic  representation  of  a  white 
lion  facing  the  spectator,  and  in  the  corner  the 
words,  "  Painted  by  Herring."  H.  W. 

Add  "The  Royal  Oak,"  painted  by  the  late 
David  Cox,  and  now  covered  with  glass,  and 
fastened  to  the  wall  of  the  little  inn  of  that  name, 
at  Bettws  y  Coed,  Denbighshire. 

W.  J.  Bebnhaed  Smith. 

Temple. 

County  Voter's  Qualification  (2»^  S.  viii.  70.) 
—  By  the  disfranchising  statutes  8  Hen  VI.  c.  7. 
(a.d.  1430),  and  10  Hen.  VI.  c.  2.,  the  minimum 
of  forty  shillings  by  the  year  was  first  fixed ;  which 
was  estimated  by  Bishop  Fleetwood  to  have  been 
equal  to  12^.  per  annum  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Anne,  and  by  Blackstone  (i.  173.)  as  equivalent 
to  20Z.,  which  latter  is  shown  to  be  correct  in  *'  N. 
&  Q."  (2'"i  S.  iv.  293.)  ;  that  is,  prices  from  1350 
to  1520  are  to  be  multiplied  by  2^  for  deteriora- 
tion in  the  coins,  and  by  4  for  deterioration  in  the 
price  of  silver  since  the  discovery  of  the  Ameri- 
can mines  (2  X 2^  X  4=20).  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

"  The  Dance  of  Death'''  (P*  S.  viii.  76.)— The 
following  may  perhaps  prove  worthy  of  "  a  local 
habitation"  in  "  N.  &  Q." 

Nicolai  Karamsia,  a  Russian,  made  some  travels 
in  the  eighteenth  century,  through  Prussia,  Ger- 
many, Switzerland,  France,  and  England.  In 
1803,  an  anonymous  translation  appeared,  im- 
printed by  J.  Badcock  of  the  "  Row." 

At  Erfurth  our  traveller  visited  Martin  Lu- 
ther's cell.  In  one  of  the  cross-aisles  of  the 
Orphan  House,  he  observed  some  curious  pic- 
tures :  — 

"  One  represents  an  Emperor,  to  whom  Death  ap- 
proaches with  a  low  bow,  and  most  humbly  informs  him 
that  it  is  time  to  leave  this  earthly  life  to  go  to  another. 
In  a  second  picture,  friend  Nick,  in  regal  attire,  stands 
behind  an  actress,  and  takes  from  her  the  dagger  and 
mask.  A  third  represents  a  printer,  in  a  stuff  morning 
gown  and  large  wig,  together  with  his  foreman.  Death 
cuts  down  the  former  with  his  scythe,  and,  underneath, 
are  the  following  words  '  Even  Printers  must  die.' "  — 
Vide  vol.  i.  p.  195. 

T.  C.  Anderson, 
H.  M.'s  12th  Regt.  Bengal  Army. 

Warwick  Villas. 

Wink  (2°^  S.  viii.  70.) -- Perhaps  from  A.-S. 
wincel,  a  corner  ;  cf.  Winksley.    R.  S.  Charnock. 


2»'»  S.  VIII.  July  30,  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


9t 


BoydeWs  ShaAspeare  Gallery  (2"^  S.  viii.  50.)— 
With  reference  to  the  observations  and  inquiry  of 
V.  H.  Q.  (p.  50.),  I  have  before  me  :  — 

"  A  Catalogue  of  that  Magnificent  and  truly  Valuable 
Collection  of  Pictures,  the  Productions  of  the  Great 
Artists  of  the  British  School,  known  as  the  Collection  of 
the  Shakspeare  Gallery,  formed  under  the  spirited  Di- 
rections, and  with  unbounded  Expence,  by  those  dis- 
tinguished Promoters  of  the  Fine  Arts  the  Messrs. 
Boydells,"  &c. 

"  The  whole  will  be  sold  by  Auction  by  Mr.  Christie 
on  the  Premises,  on  Friday  17th  May,  1805,  and 
two  following  days  (Sunday  excepted)  at  12 
o'clock.  By  order  of  the  Pi'oprietor,,  without 
reserve." 

Tlie  prices  at  which  the  pictures,  &c.,  were 
severally  sold,  are  inserted  in  figures,  evidently  by 
an  attendant  of  and  purchaser  at  the  sale  :  — 

Guineas. 

Total,  1st  day's  sale,  added  up  as       -        -      1,135^ 

„      2nd  day's  sale         ....      1,633^ 

„      3rd  day's  sale  .        -        -        .      3,068^ 

5,837i 
Premises  .        .        -        -      4,400 

10,287i 
Two  of  the  pictures,  viz.  "  Richard  the  Second's 
Return  from  Ireland"  (2  ft.  7iin.  by  1  ft.  9J  in.), 
by  Hamilton,  and  "Falstaff  in  Disguise  led  out 
by  Mrs.  Page"  (Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  IV. 
Sc.  2.),  (7  ft.  by  5  ft.  2^  in.),  by  J.  Durno,  are 
now  in  the  collection  at  Sir  John  Soane's  Museum, 
where  they  and  the  catalogue  referred  to  may  be 
seen  by  V.  H.  Q.  whenever  it  may  siiit  his  con- 
venience to  call  there  for  the  purpose. 

George  Bailey,  Curator, 
Sir  John  Soane's  Museum. 

The  required  list  of  this  gallery,  pictures  and 
engravings,  with  the  names  of  engravers  as  well  as 
of  painters,  may  be  seen  by  your  correspondent  at 
p.  xix.,  &c.,  of  Boydell's  Catalogue  of  Plates,  SfC, 
J 803,  a  copy  of  which  is  in  the  library  of  the 
British  Museum. 

Your  correspondent  has  opened  an  interesting 
subject.  Hideous  reproductions  of  some  of  Boy- 
dell's pictures  are  to  be  seen  occasionally  in  Lon- 
don shop-windows;  but  I  well  remember  the 
profound  veneration  with  which  in  my  younger 
days  I  more  than  once  visited  the  gallery  itself. 
The  Boydells  resolved  to  publish  an  edition  of 
Shakspeare,  illustrated  by  our  best  artists.  It 
was  a  spirited  undertaking,  and  their  list  includes 
many  distinguished  names:  —  Opie,  Fuseli,  Sir  J. 
Reynolds,  &c.  Surely  the  original  paintings  are 
not  all  lost.  Ought  we  not  to  have  a  Shakspeare 
Gallery  now  ?  Thomas  Boys. 

William  Kennet  (2"«  S.  viii.  46.)  — William 
Kennet  of  Kent  was  admitted  of  Corpus  Christi 
College,  Cambridge,  1610,  proceeded  B. A.  1614-5, 
and  commenced  M.A.  1618. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 


Longevity  (2°'^  S.  viii.  23.  39.)  —  In  the  week 
ending  July  2nd  {Vide  Registrar- General's  Re- 
port, and  Lloyd's  Newspaper  abstract,  July  17, 
1859,  p.  11.):  — 

"A  widow  died  at  the  age  of  95,  and  a  man,  formerlj'  a 
private  in  the  Scots  Grej's,  died  on  the  2nd  inst.,  whose 
age  is  stated  to  have  been  104  j-ears. 

"  Dr.  Winterbottom,  father  of  the  Doctor,  died  on 
Thursday  evening  the  5th,  aged  95  j-ears. 

"On  the  28th  ult.,  at  Daneliy,  aged  104,  William 
Kirby.  He  was  a  Scotchman,  and  a  gardener  by  trade. 
He  was  married  at  Daneliy  Church  last  year,  being  103 
on  his  wedding  day.     (Vide  Swansea  Cambrian.y 

T.  C.  Akdebson, 
H.  M.'s  12th  Regt.,  Bengal  Army, 

CromwelTs  Head  (2"*  S.  vii.  495.)  —  My  con- 
nexion with  the  county  of  Kent  and  Kentish 
matters  during  a  third  of  a  century,  exhibited  tt) 
me  the  mistakes  in  the  names  and  details  made 
by  the  Parisian  correspondent  of  the  New  York 
Express  in  his  account  of  Cromwell's  head.  Im- 
mediately after  perusing  it  I  commenced  a  corre- 
spondence with  one  of  the  gentlemen  named 
therein,  and  a  friend  likely  to  be  acquainted  with 
the  subject,  and  I  am  happy  to  furnish  "  N.  &  Q." 
with  the  result.  The  Rev.  Geo.  Verrall  (jiot  Ver- 
rill),  who  had  the  Bromley  Chapel,  Kent,  built 
A.D.  1835  by  Mr.  Bromley,  in  Widmore  Lane, 
writes  to  me,  that  "  a  head  which  had  been  em- 
balmed and  afterwards  placed  on  a  halbert  on 
Westminster  Hall,  is  in  the  possession  of  A. 
Wilkinson,  Esq.*,  Shortlands,  Beckenham,  late 
member  for  Lambeth."  Mr.  Verrall  farther  says 
that  he  has  "  seen  it  more  than  once,  and  that  its 
appearance  and  the  history  given  of  it  satisfies  " 
him  "  that  it  is  the  head  of  Oliver  Cromwell." 

Alfred  John  I>unkin. 
Dartford. 

Cromwell's  Children  (2"*  S.  viii,  17.5.6.) — Your 
correspondent  Libya  is  referred  to  Bihliotheca 
Topographica  Britannica,  No.  XXXI.,  where  he 
will  find  a  genealogical  view  of  the  family  of  Oli- 
ver Cromwell,  with  a  copious  tabular  pedigree. 
The  entry  of  Oliver,  the  second  son,  runs  thus  :  — 
"  Oliver,  ba.  Febru.  6,  1622,  di.  young  of  the  small 
pox  during  the  Civil  War."  Cl.  Hopper. 

"  To  sleep  like  a  Top"  (2"^  S.  viii.  53.)  —  The 
answer  appended  to  this  Query,  though  ingenious, 
is  not  satisfactory.  The  expression  seems  to  be 
quite  intelligible  without  having  recourse  to  any 
language  but  the  English.  Every  one  who  has 
spun  a  top  has  seen  it  sleeping,  and  in  this  fami- 
liar object  I  find  the  origin  of  the  phrase  in  ques- 
tion.    I  am  all  the  more  satisfied  that  I  am  right 

*  The  title  of  "  Hon."  is  a  pure  Americanism,  whilst 
the  substitution  of  "  Buckenham "  was,  evidently,  be- 
cause "  Shortlands,"  the  name  of  the  seat  of  Mr.  Wilkin- 
son, is  equidistant  from  Bromley  and  Beckeuham. 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«'<i  S.  VIII.  July  30.  '59. 


■when  I  hear  our  French  neighbours  making  use 
of  expressions  of  precisely  the  same  import.  The 
French  schoolboy  exclaims  "  Mon  sabot  dort," 
and  hence  the  common  phrase  "  Dormir  coram e 
un  sabot,"  the  exact  equivalent  of  what  we  say  in 
English.  S.  H. 

Edinburgh. 

Tliomus  Jiixon  (2"''  S.  viii.  46.)  —  Thomas 
Juxon  of  London  was  admitted  pensioner  of 
Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  22  June,  1619,  and 
proceeded  B.A.  1622-3. 

C.  H.  &  Thompsos  CoopfiR. 
Cambridge. 

Meaning  of  "  Cadewoldes"  (2"^  S.  viii.  49.)  — 
Perhaps  you  will  accept  of  a  conjecture,  which  is 
offered  with  the  hope  that  other  correspondents 
may  be  able  to  contribute  something  more  defi- 
nite. Mb.  Rilet  is  inclined  to  think  that  by 
"  cadeu'oldes"  a  kind  of  prepared  wool  is  meant ; 
and  there  are  some  considerations  which  decidedly 
favour  this  opinion.  Caddis  was  a  coarse  article 
in  common  use,  —  worsted  ribbon  used  as  trim- 
ming for  servants'  dress,  or  woollen  stuff  (Halli- 
well  and  Wright)  ;  and  to  caddis  corresponds  the 
Fr.  cadis,  a  kind  of  low-priced  woollen  serge 
("  sorte  de  serge  de  laine  d'un  bas  prix,"  Landais). 
Again,  wolder  is  an  old  East-country  word,  signi- 
fying to  roll  up.  May  not  "cadewoldes,"  then, 
have  been  the  woollen  (serge  or  stuff)  rolled  up 
into  hales?  Cadi-woldes,  literally  woollen  hales, 
i.  e.  bales  of  woollen  stuff.  Thomas  Boys. 

Words  adapted  to  Beats  of  the  Drum  (2""  S. 
i.  94. ;  ii.  39. :  vi.  250.  336.  419.)  —  The  Gene- 
ral :  — 

"  Don't  rou  hear  the  general  say, 
Strike  your  tents,  and  march  away." 

Coverer's  Call : — 

"  Coverers  won't  you  turn  out,  turn  out, 
Coverers  won't  you  turn  out." 

The  words,  I  think,  generally  used  to  the 
"Rogue's  March,"  will  be  found  in  English  and 
Scotch  Song  Book,  published  by  Nathaniel  Cooke, 
1853.  T.  C.  Anderson, 

H.M.'s  12th  Regt.  Bengal  Army. 

Moldwarps  (2°''  S.  vii.  296.)  — Your  correspon- 
dent, I  suppose,  is  not  aware  that  moldwarp,  or,  as 
it  is  pronounced  in  Yorkshire,  mowdiwarp,  is  a 
provincial  name  for  the  mole.  What  is  the  ety- 
mology of  the  word  ?  Is  it  that  which  warps  or 
throws  up  the  mould  ?  H.  W. 

John  Evelyn  (2°'^  S.  viii.  46.)  —  John  Evelyn 
of  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1618-19, 
was,  we  presume.  Sir  John  Evelyn,  Knight,  M.P. 
for  Blechingly,  who  died  1643. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 


"Ze  Style  est  Vhomme  meme"  (2"^  S.  vi.  308. ; 
vii.  502. ;  viii.  37.  54.)  —  Having  access  to  many 
French  works  in  the  library  of  Sir.  R.  Taylor's 
Institution,  I  consulted  them  for  the  purpose  of 
verifying  the  accuracy  of  the  phrase  quoted  from 
Buffon,  and  found  that  in  all  instances  the  form 
of  expression  was  the  same.  If  any  error  has 
crept  into  the  text,  the  fact  might  be  ascertained 
by  referring  to  the  original  "  Discours,"  as  printed 
in  the  Memoires  de  VAcademie  Franqaise ;  in 
which,  I  suppose,  Buffon's  "Discours"  first  ap- 
peared. Into  the  arguments  by  which  Mr.  Stein- 
METz  ingeniously  seeks  to  prove  the  accuracy  of 
his  reading,  I  have  no  wish  to  enter.  ^ 

The  following  are  the  titles  of  the  works  con- 
sulted :  — 

1.  De  Barante,  Tableau  de  la  Littcrature  rran9aiser 
7bme  edit.     Paris.     1847. 

2.  Villemain,  Cours  de  Litterature  Fran9aise,  tome  ii. 
Paris.     1846. 

3.  Chapsal,  Modeles  de  Litterature  Francaise,  2de  edit. 
Paris.     1848. 

4.  Feugere,  Morceaux  Choisis  de  Classiques  Francjais  k 
rUsage  des  Classes  Superieures,  7^me  edit.    Paris.    1858. 

5.  Chrestomathie  Franpaise,  ou  Choix  des  Morceaux 
tires  des  meilleurs  E'crivains  Fran9ais,  par  A.  Vinet. 
3  vols.  8vo.,  4feme  edit.  8vo.    Bale.    1850. 

What  would  your  correspondent  M.  Phila.- 
BBTB  Chasles  reply  to  this  question,  and  to  the 
asserted  "present  degradation"  of  the  French 
language  ?  John  Macbay. 

Oxford. 

Sir  William  D'Avenant  (2'"i  S.  viii.  28.)  — 
D'Avenant  was  confined  in  Cowes  Castle.  This 
appears  from  his  own  postscript  to  part  of  the 
third  book  of  Gondibert.  About  half  of  the  third 
book  was  written  whilst  he  was  a  prisoner  in  Cowes 
Castle.     See  Kippis's  Biog.  Britan.  J.  Y. 

Ten  and  Tenglars,  what  are  they  ?  (2"'*  S.  viii. 
52.)  —  The  phrase  "  ten  and  tenglars,"  standing 
as  it  does  in  the  passage  cited  by  your  correspon- 
dent A.  A.,  is  evidently  connected  with  bell-me- 
tal ;  and  I  am  quite  disposed  to  concur  with  your 
correspondent's  conjecture,  that  by  ''  ten"  we  are 
to  understand  tin ;  especially  as  tin  is^  tenn  in  the 
Swedish  language,  and  in  the  composition  of  bell- 
metal  tin  was  extensively  used. 

If,  then,  in  the  phrase  under  consideration^ 
"  ten "  is  tin,  what  are  we  to  understand  by  "ten 
and  tenglars  ? "  May  it  not  be  "  tin  and  ting- 
lers,"  or  "  tin  and  tinklers  ?  "  But,  if  so,  what  is 
the  meaning  of  "  tinglers  "  or  "  tinklers  ?  " 

Bell-metal,  as  we  are  well  aware,  is  a  mixtur& 
of  two  or  more  metals.  To  effect  a  combination 
of  metals,  it  is  customary  to  employ  a  flux  ;  and 
the  flux  commonly  used  was  borax.  But  borax 
in  its  natural  or  crude  state  was  called  tincal. 
May  not  the  "  ten  and  tenglars,"  then,  or  "  tir> 
and  tinklers,"  have  been  tin  and  tincal;  the  "3  lb." 
of  tincal  or  borax  having  been  used  for  fluxing. 


2»4  S.  VIIL  July  30.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


99 


the  "  3  score  and  3  lb."  of  tin,  which  were  added 
by  the  founder,  in  recasting  the  Eltham  bell,  to 
the  original  "  9  hundred  and  a  half  ?  " 

The  prices  specified  would  accord  with  this 
view :  "  8d.  the  lb. "  for  the  tin,  an  indigenous 
production,  and  "25.  6d.  the  pound"  for  the  tincal 
imported  from  abroad. 

With  the  phrase  "  ten  and  tenglars,"  cf.  Beau- 
mont and  Fletcher,  as  cited  by  Richardson  :  — 

"  Here  is  such  a  tinkle  tankl'mgs  that  we  can  no're  be 
quiet."  „ 

Thomas  Boys. 

John  St.  Lowe  (2°*  S.  viii.  46.)  —  John  St.  Lowe 
was  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge;  B.A.  1654-5. 
C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 
Cambridge. 

The  Pretender  (2'^^  S.  viii.  51.)  —  Your  corre- 
spondent C.  D.  E.  will  find  the  subject  of  the  al- 
leged substitution  of  a  son .  of  Sir  Theophilus 
Oglethorpe  as  a  son  of  James  II.  (the  first  Pre- 
tender), entered  into  at  considerable  length  in 
Manning's  Surrey,  under  the  article  of  West- 
BBOOK.  Heney  T.  Riley. 

Inedited  Letter  (2'"»  S.  viii.  67.)  —  It  is  evident 
from  the  date  that  this  letter  was  not  written  by 
Bishop  Patrick,  who  died  in  1707.  Sunday  was 
the  18th  of  May  in  1679  ;  Tuesday  in  1779. 

Joseph  Rix. 

John  Huit  (2"*  S.  viii.  46.)  — His  fellow  sufierer 

was  Sir  Henry,  not  Sir  Charles  Slingsby.     Sir 

Henry  Slingsby  was  admitted  a  fellow-commoner 

of  Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  11  Jan.  1618-19. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopee. 

Cambridge. 


NOTES   ON   books,  ETC. 

A  History  of  the  City  of  Dublin.  By  J.  T.  Gilbert, 
Member  of  the  Committee  of  Antiquities  of  Boyal  Irish 
Academy,  and  Hon.  Sec.  Irish  Archceological  and  Celtic 
Society.     Vol.  III.    (M^Glashaa  &  Gill.) 

This  third  volume  of  a  work  which  is  doing  for  Dublin 
what  Pennant  did  for  London,  but  doing  it  even  more 
fully  and  more  admirably,  exhibits  the  same  character- 
istics of  patient  research  and  useful  illustration  which 
made  Mr.  Gilbert's  preceding  volumes  so  interesting  and 
valuable.  Those  who  have  seen  these  volumes,  and 
know  how  well  Mr.  Gilbert  contrives  to  mi8gle  pleasant 
anecdote  and  historical  information,  will  readily  believe 
that  as,  in  his  third  volume,  he  has  to  treat,  inter  alia,  of 
the  College  of  Physicians,  College  Green,  the  Statue  of 
William  the  Third,  Chichester  House,  the  Parliament 
House,  the  Old  Exchequer,  the  Royal  Irish  Academy, 
Leinster  House,  &c.,  it  will  not  be  found  deficient  in 
those  points  of  excellence  which  have  already  won  for  the 
author  the  reputation  of  a  most  successful  local  historian, 
—  and  will,  with  us,  rejoice  to  hear  that  the  fourth 
volume  is  already  at  press.  When  completed,  Mr.  Gil- 
bert must  give  us  an  Index  to  the  whole  work  worthy  of 
it  and  himself. 


A  Handbook  for  Travellers  in  Devon  and  Cornwall, 
Fourth  Edition,  Revised,  with  Maps.     (Murraj'.) 

If  Mr.  Murray's  charity  in  providing  intending  travel- 
lers with  useful  and  intelligent  guides  did  not  begin  at 
home ;  now  that  it  is  extended  to  home  it  is  found  to  be 
so  doubly  blest  that  we  have  here  before  us  the  fourth  edi- 
tion of  one  of  his  home  handbooks ;  and  if,  as  is  possible, 
the  state  of  the  Continent  may  tend.to  keep  many  roving 
Englishmen  during  the  present  season  within  our  own 
sea-girt  island,  who  can  doubt  that  this  new  edition  of 
an  admirable  Guide  to  the  counties  of  Devon  and  Corn- 
wall will  find  a  ready  welcome  among  them  ? 

llie  Memorials  of  the  Hamlet  of  Knigktsbridge,  with 
Notices  of  its  immediate  Neighbourhood.  By  the  late  Henry 
George  Davis.  Edited  by  Charles  Davis.  (J.  Eussell 
Smith.) 

Neither  in  town,  nor  out  of  town,  the  hamlet  of  Knights- 
bridge  exhibits  to  a  certain  extent  the  characteristics  and 
interesting  features  of  both;  and  we  can  believe  that  the 
collecting  the  materials  for  this  pleasant  little  volume 
may  have  gone  far  to  soothe  the  painful  life  of  its  author — 
a  gentleman  to  whom  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  have 
been  indebted  for  many  valuable  pieces  of  information — 
who  died  on  the  30th  Dec.  1857,  not  having  completed 
his  28th  3'ear.  The  book  is  one  of  interest,  not  only  to 
those  who  dwell  within  the  district,  but  to  manj'  others, 
from  its  curious  and  copious  extracts  from  the  Registers 
of  Knightsbridge  Chapel. 

Things  not  generally  Known,  familiarly  Ex-plained.  A 
Book  for  Old  and  Voting.  Second  Series.  By  John 
Timbs,  F.S.A.     (Kent  &  Co.) 

We  are  afraid  we  have  left  Mr.  Timbs's  pleasant  little 
Handbook  of  Things  not  generally  "Known  too  long  un- 
noticed :  but  the  fault  is  not  ours.  He  writes  such 
pleasant  books  that  thej'  are  spirited  away  from  our 
reading  desk  before  we  ourselves  can  get  a  glance  at 
them.  Tlie  present  volume,  which  is  devoted  to  Old 
English  Planners,  Ceremonies,  and  Customs,  and  to  many 
other  pleasant  things  besides,  is  another  evidence  of  Mr. 
Timbs's  extraordinary  talent  in  appreciating  what  will 
please  a  multitude  of  readers.  Here  is  something  to 
gratify  all  tastes,  from  the  learned  antiquary  to  the  mere 
lover  of  pleasant  gossip. 

A  Dictionary  of  Modern  Cant,  Slang,  and  Vulgar 
Words,  used  at  the  Present  Day  in  the  Streets  of  London, 
Sfc.,  preceded  by  a  History  of  Cant  and  Vulgar  Language 
from  the  Time  of  Henry  VIIL,  showing  its  Connexion  with 
the  Gipsey  Tongue;  uxith  Glossaries  of  Two  Secret  Lan-  . 
guages  spoken  by  the  Wandering  Tribes  of  London,  the 
Costermongers  and  the  Batterers.  By  a  London  Antiquary. 
(Hotten.) 

The  "  London  Antiquary "  has  certainly  taken  up  a 
verj''  curious  and  interesting  branch  of  linguistic  research. 
He  has  given  us  in  his  reprint  of  the  "  First  Canting  Dic- 
tionary," "  the  Bibliography  of  Cant  and  Slang,"  and 
"  the  Vagabond's  Map,"  some  valuable  materials ;  but  he 
has  still  much  to  do  to  make  his  book  bear  a  fair  propor- 
tion to  its  title-page.  We  should,  judging  from  the  st3'le 
of  the  original  information  to.be  found  in  its  pages,  pro- 
nounce the  author  to  be  rather  a  man  about  town,  than  a 
bookish  pedant,  —  and  to  make  a  complete  history  of 
Slang  requires  a  combination  of  the  two. 

Jahrbuch  fur  Romanische  und  Eriglische  Literatur  unter 
besonderer  Mitwirkung  von  F.  Wolf.  Herausgegeben  von 
Dr.  Adolf  Ebert.  1''  B*  Heft  ii.  und  iii.  (Berlin,  Dumm- 
ler). 

We  cannot  better  show  how  well  this  journal,  lately 
started  at  Berlin  ibr  the  illustration  of  the  Romance  and 
English  Literatures  and  Languages,  deserves  the  attention 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2»d  S.  \1II.  July  30.  '59. 


of  all  engaged  in  the  study  of  them,  than  by  glancing  at 
the  contents  of  the  two  numbers  now  before  us.  Besides 
critical  notices  from  the  pens  of  Ferdinand  Wolf,  Pey, 
Ebert,  Dietrich,  Delius,  and  Diez,  we  have  articles  on  the 
English  Mysteries,  \>y  Ebert ;  on  the  Rhythmical  System  of 
theTroiibadours,  by  Bartsch  ;  on  Le  Voyage  de  Charlemagne, 
by  Paulin  Paris ;  on  tlie  Realistic  Romances  of  Spain,  by 
Ferdinand  Wolf;  on  Cintio  degli  Fabrizij,  by  Lemcke; 
and  on  Doon  de  Maytnee,  by  Pey.  These  will  satisfy  our 
readers  what  good  service  Ferdinand  Wolf  and  Ebert  are 
doing  us  by  the  publication  of  this  valuable  journal. 

Books  Received  — 

Rub  and  his  Frieiuis.  By  John  Brown,  M.D.  (Con- 
stable &  Co.) 

This  is  a  genuine  little  "  study  from  nature,"  and  is 
full  of  pathos  and  beauty,  although  but  the  story  of  an 
old  grey-brindled  mastiflf,  and  his  honest  master  and  lov- 
ing wife. 

Poems  of  Eliza  Cooh.  A  New  Edition,  in  One  Volume. 
(Routledge  &  Co.) 

If  not  poetry  of  the  very  highest  order,  there  is  so 
much  of  homely  and  English  feeling  in  the  harmonious 
verses  of  Eliza  Cook,  that  Messrs.  Routledge  may  well 
anticipate  a  wide  popularity  for  this  compact  and  prettily 
illustrated  edition  of  her  collected  works. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

IlKvasTENBERo  ON  THE  SaNDAY  AN'D  Sabbath,  translated  by  Jftiiies 
Martin. 

»»•  Lettera,  stating  partioulara  and  lowest  price,  cama(7e/Ve«,  to  be 
sent  to  Mkssrs.  Bkli.  &  Daldt,  Publisliers  of  "  JNOTBS  AND 
QUERIES,"  188.  Fleet  Street. 

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Tub  Historv  of  Infamods  Impostors.    12mo.    London.    1683. 
The  Universal  Advertiser.     12rao.    Dublin.     1754. 

Co.\STITUTIONF.S  PHOVINCIAiSS   ET  SyNOOALES  EcCLfcSI.ffl  METROPOj:.lTAN-ai 
ET  PllIMATIALtS   DuBI-I.VIKNSIS.       12m0.       1770. 

The  Case  OF  Trinity  Cjilkoe,  Dublin.    8vo.    Dublin.    1791. 
Miller's  (George,  D.D.)  Two  Letters  to  Da.  I^osey.   8vo.    London. 

1810-41. 
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Wanted  by  Mattheio  Coohe,  78.  George  Street,  Euston  Road,  N.  W. 

.    KicHOX^s's  Literary  Anecdotfs.    Vol.  VII.    (Index.) 

Wanted  by  William  .7.  Thorns,  Esq.,  40.  St.  George's  Square, 
Belgrave  Road,  S.  W. 


The  promised  article  on  Junius,  which  has  been  delayed  for  the  purpose 
of  ascertaining  certain  precise  dates,  willappear  in  our  next  number. 

Rbferenck'.  We  have  again  to  beg  our  correspondents  who  reply  to 
Queries,  to  add  to  their  kindncts  by  rifening  to  the  precise  volume  and 
page  in  which  such  Queries  appeared.  What  is  but  a  small  trouble  in 
each  case,  becomes  a  wnrk  of  great  labour  when  thrown  upon  one  indivi- 
dual; and  manii  Replies  are  necessarily  postponed  until  we  can  find 
time  to  hunt  out  such  references,  and  sometimes,  we  fear,  by  that  means 
are  eventually  altogether  overlooked. 

Jaydeb's  Heraldic  Query  appears  to  have  been  overlooked.  Will  he 
kindly  repeat  it  ? 

Z.  A.  It  seems  that  thegifted'youfh,  T.  W.  Malkin,  made'several  in- 
coherent attempts  at  dramatic  composition,  and  had  also  begun  a  comic 
opera,  entitled  The  Entertaining  Assembly. 

"  ^foT«»  AND  Q'.-KHiKs"  ts  piMishcd  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
iisueil  in  Montily  PAiiTa.  The  subscriptton  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  ifonths  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (inclwiing  the  llalf- 
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favour  0/  MEtfRs.  Bell  and  Daldy.MS.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.;  to  whom 
an  Coxmunicatioks  for  the  Editos  should  be  addressed. 


Now  ready,  at  all  the  Libraries,  in  3  Vols. 

A    LIFE    FOE    A    LIFE. 

BY   THE 

AUTHOR  OF  "  JOHN  HALIFAX,  GENTLEMAN,"  "A  WOMAN* 

THOUGHTS  ABOUT  WO.\IEN."  ETC. 

HURST  &  BLACKETT,  13.  Great  Marlborough  Street. 

NOTES    AND    QUERIES^ 

gl  ^Hrbium  of  Inlrr-CommuinQtion 

for 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  id.  unstamped ;  or  bd.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.   186.  —  July  23rd. 

NOTES  :  —  Archbishop  Leighton's  Works  —  Prohibition  of  Prophe- 
cies —  Memorials  to  the  Treasury,  by  William  Henry  Hart— In- 
edited  Letter  of  Bishop  Patrick  —  Witchcraft  in  Churning,  &c. 

Mi.voB  Notes  !  —  Dr.  Johnson's  Chair  —  A  long  disputed  Point  settled 

—  Our  Navy  Two  hundred  Years  ago  — The  "Minerva"  Library. 

Minor  Qoeribs  :  — Lyster  Family —  Richard  Woodroffe  —  Early  Eng- 
lish Printing  and  Presses— Old  Graveyards  in  Ireland  —  Barum  Top 

—  Stonehenge  —  yuotation  wanted  —  Le  contrat  Mohatra  —  liesidence 
within  the  Tower  of  London — Sir  Thomas  Lawrence:  Linley  — 
Cromwell  and  Scotland  —  Shelley  and  Barhamwick  —  Shooting 
Soldiers  — "An  History  of  British  Worthies"- MS.  Question  in 
Paraphrase  of  Erasmus  —  County  Voter's  Qualification —Wink  — 
James  Raad,  D.D. 

Minor  Qderies  with  Answers  :  — Paintings  at  Vauxhall  —  Henry 
William  Bunbury —" Scraping  an  Acquaintance"— Wrotham,  co. 
Kent  —  Places  in  Surrey  —  English  Translations  of" Don  Quixote" 

—  A  Pair  of  Gloves  preferred  to  the  Bible. 

REPLIES  :  —  British  Anthropophaai,  by  T.  Stephens,  &c.-LUac  Sy- 
ringa  ;  or  Philadelphus  —  Cambridge  Costume. 

Replies  to  Minor  Qoeries:  — Michael  Drayton's  Poems,  Lyrick  and 
Fastorall  —  Cardinal  Howard  —  Watson  Family  —  Graveriiggers  — 
Nathaniel  Ward  — "Urban"  as  a  Christian  Name— Scotch  Para- 
phrases—Knights made  by  Cromwell  — Richard  Pepys  —  Woodroof 
(Asperula  odorata)  — Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists  — "  Engliahry" 
and  "  Irishry,"  —  Watermarks  in  Paper  —  John  Allington  —  Tooth 
and  Egg  Metal,  Tutenag,  &c. 

Notes  onBooks,  ic.    

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2nd  s.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


101 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  6. 1889. 


No,  188.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :  —  Junius  and  Henry  Flood,  101  —  A  General  Literary  Index, 
103  _  How  the  Lord  Hi«h  Chancellor  goes  to  Westminster,  104  —  So- 
Intion  of  a  Biblioeraphical  Puzzle,  105  —  M.  Sullacombe,  and  the 
Streets  of  London,  lb. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Alexander  Pope's  Cliair  —  Illustration  of  "  Boswell's 
Johnson  "—Sir  Walter  Raleigh— Preservation  of  Monumental  Brasses 
—  Smoking  Anecdote  —  Handel's  Hallelujah  Chorus,  106. 

QUERIES  :  —  Medireval  Architecture  of  Venice,  108. 

MmoR  QoERiEs  :  —  Bacon  on  Conversation  —  A  Charity-box  for  Dis- 
tressed Gentlemen  —  Prayer  on  setting  forth  an  Expedition,  probably 
in  the  Reign  of  Elizabeth  —  "  Liberavi  animam  meam  "—  Chambers 
for  the  Duke  of  Mantua's  Dwarfs  —  Scotch  Genealogies  —  Bishop  Po- 
cocke's  "  Tour  through  Ireland  "  —  Major  Duncauson  and  the  Massa- 
cre of  Glencoe  —  Mr.  Wells  —Life  is  before  ye, &c.,  108. 

Minor  Qderies  with  Answers:  —  Dr.  Latham's  Theory  of  Indo-Euro- 
pean Lansuagcs  — John  Gilpin— -S.  John  the  Evangelist —Mount  St. 
Michael,  110. 

REPLIES:  —On  Style  in  General,  Bibliography. Typography,  Trans- 
lation, and  several  other  Things,  by  Philarfete  Chasles,  U 1  —  Arch- 
bishop Leighton's  Works,  by  Sir  J.  Emerson  Tennent,  &c.,  113  — Ti- 
tles conferred  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  1 1 4  —  Adenborough,  by  Rev.  T. 
Boys,  &c.,  114  — Lord  Erskine  and  Rev.  Wm.  Cockin,  115  — "Harpoys 
et  Fissheponde,"  by  Rev.  T.  Boys,/6. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries: —Osmunda  Regalis  —  Slielley  and  Bar- 
hamwick  —  Herbert  Knowles  —  Designation  of  Works  under  Review 
—Passports  — Mence  or  Mense  Family —Torture :  S.  Dominic  —  Dates 
of  Birth  and  Death  of  British  and  American  Authors  —  Ulphilas  — 
Gravediggers  —  Faber  v.  Smith,  116. 

Notes  on  Books,  Sec. 


fiatti. 

JUNIUS  AND  HENRY  FLOOD. 

In  1814  a  Tory  friend,  on  whose  veracity  I  had 
and  have  full  reliance,  informed  me  that  himself 
and  another  partisan  had,  by  the  death  of  a  third 
person,  become  the  sole  depositaries  of  a  tradi- 
tional secret  —  the  authorship  of  Jtmius's  Letters ; 
and  he  proposed  that  I  should  replace  the  de- 
ceased trustee.  Under  this  successional  obliga- 
tion he  communicated  to  me  a  name,  which, 
during  nearly  forty-five  years,  has  never  passed 
my  lips  or  my  pen.  • 

The  name  did  not  surprise  me.  It  was  of  one 
who,  though  he  had  died  in  my  childhood,  had 
lived  in  men's  thought  and  sp#ech  beyond  my 
maturity.  My  only  wonder  was  —  and  among  the 
multitude  of  Junian  conjectures  still  is — that  the 
social  and  political  position  of  its  bearer,  his  re- 
solved spirit,  his  fervid  eloquence,  had  not,  long 
since,  placed  him  among  the  foremost  designates 
of  the  Junian  laurel — him,  in  whom  were  so  nota- 
bly combined  the  Achillean  attributes  —  "Impiger, 
iracundus,  inexorabilis,  acer." 

Time  passed.  Toryism  declined  into  Conser- 
vatism :  family  cares  and  duties  withdrew  me 
from  hopeless  politics :  my  informant  quitted  Lon- 
don, and  our  associate  in  the  secret  died.  He 
himself  has  since  departed  to  that  world  whither 
the  "  Magni  Nominis  Umbra  "  had  long  preceded 
them,  and  whither  I  —  now  more  than  octoge- 
narian —  must  soon  follow. 

Thus,  in  the  lifetime  yet  remaining  to  me,  I  am 
left  to  deal  with  the  trust  which,  so  oppositely  to 
its  own  provision  and  purpose,  has  devolved  on 
myself  alone.  Selected  to  carry  on  its  trans- 
mission with  another  survivor,  how  can  I  act 


singly  upon  it  ?  And,  should  its  secret  die  with 
me,  will  not  the  disclosure  be  frustrated,  which 
had  evidently  bee»  intended  at  some  date  or 
under  some  contingency,  one  or  other  whereof 
must,  in  the  forty-five  years  of  my  trusteeship, 
have  surely  eventuated  ? 

Taking  counsel  with  mine  own  conscience,  I 
have  arrived  at  the  conclusion,  that  my  duty  will 
be  most  reasonably  fulfilled  by  an  immediate  dis- 
closure. It  is  no  fault  of  mine  that  I  am  put  to 
elect  between  the  literal  infraction  of  a  trust  and 
its  practical  defeasance :  but  I  am  thus  far  re- 
lieved in  the  dilemma  :  my  personal  interests  are 
unconcerned  in  the  matter ;  and  he,  over  whose 
tomb  more  than  seventy  years  have  passed,  can- 
not suffer  in  his  reputation,  nor  can  his  family  in 
their  fortunes.  I  speak  herein  with  an  hereditary 
warranty :  "  The  Drapier "  wrote  with  the  acri- 
mony, and  published  with  the  mystery,  of  "  The 
Junius ; "  but  the  authorship  of  his  Letters  has 
neither  discredited  his  name  nor  prejudiced  his 
kindred. 

Proffering  this  communication  to  the  pages  of 
"  N.  &  Q.,  —  the  centre-point  from  whose  peri- 
phery converge  the  lines  of  inquiry  and  of  solu- 
tion,—  I  ask  its  readers'  fair  construction  of  my 
motive,  and  — whatever  credence  they  may  give 
to  my  informant  —  their  full  belief  that  I  was  thtis 
informed. 

The  author  of  Junius's  Letters  was  Henet 
Flood.  Valeat  Quantum. 

[We  are  greatly  indebted  to  our  correspondent 
for  his  communication.  All  who  read  it  —  cer- 
tainly all  who  could  read  the  correspondence 
which  preceded  its  publication  —  must  feel  as- 
sured, not  only  of  the  truth  of  our  correspond- 
ent's statement,  as  to  the  information  contained  in 
it  having  been  communicated  to  him  in  the  way 
which  he  relates,  but  of  the  propriety  of  feeling 
which  has  induced  him  now  to  make  it  public. 

Our  correspondent  will,  we  feel  assured,  in  the 
same  way  do  justice  to  the  motives  by  which  we 
are  actuated  in  pointing  out  the  objections  which 
exist  to  the  theory  of  Henry  Flood  having  written 
the  Letters  of  Junius.  We  are  acting  in  the  spirit 
of  his  own  communication,  viz.  that  of  doing  our 
best  to  establish  the  truth  with  regard  to  a  point 
of  considerable  literary  and  historical  interest. 

Our  correspondent  does  not  seem  to  be  aware 
that  Henry  Flood  has  already  been  named  more 
than  once  as  the  author  of  these  celebrated  Let- 
ters. We  do  not  exactly  know^where  or  when 
his  claim  was  first  advanced,  but  it  was  previous 
to  the  publication  of  Woodfall's  edition  in  1812, 

i  where  it  is  mentioned  and  disposed  of  in  the  fol- 

I  lowing  terms  :  — 

i  "  Another  person  who  has  had  a  claim  advanced  in  his 

I  favour  upon  the  same  subject,  is  the  late  celebrated 

I  Henry  Flood,  M.P.,  of  Ireland.    Now,  without  wander- 

!  ing  at  large  for  proofs  that  Mr.  Flood  could  not  have 


# 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<»  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '59. 


been  the  writer  of  the  Letters  of  Junius,  it  is  only  suffi- 
cient to  call  the  reader's  attention  to  the  two  following 
facts,  Avhich  are  decisive  of  the  subject  in  question :  — 

"  First,  Mr.  Flood  was  in  Ireland  throughout  a  great 
part  of  the  summer  of  1768,  and  at  a  time  when  Junius, 
whoever  he  may  have  been,  was  perpetually  correspond- 
ing with  the  printer  of  the  Public  Advertiser,  and  with  a 
rapidity  which  could  not  have  been  maintained,  not  only 
in  Ireland,  but  even  at  a  hundred,  and  occasionally  at  less 
than  fifty,  miles'  distance  from  the  British  metropolis. 
This  fact  may  be  collected,  among  other  authorities,  from 
the  following  passage  in  Mr.  Campbell's  Life  of  Boyd, 
and  is  just  as  adverse  to  the  pretensions  of  the  one  as  of 
the  other. 

" '  In  the  summer  of  1768,  Boj'd  went  to  Ireland  for  a 
few  months  on  some  private  business.  During  his  stay  in 
Dublin  he  was  constantly  in  the  company  of  Mr.  Flood.' 

"Next,  by  turning  to  the  private  letter  of  Junius, 
No.  44.,  of  the  date  of  Nov.  27,  1771,  the  reader  will  find 
the  following  paragraph : '  I  fear  your  friend  Jerry  Dyson 
will  lose  his  Irish  pension.  Say  "received." '  The  mark 
'  received '  occurs  accordingly  in  the  Public  Advertiser  of 
the  day  ensuing.  Now  by  turning  to  the  Irish  debates 
of  this  period,  we  shall  find  that  the  question  concerning 
this  pension  was  actually  determined  by  the  Irish  Par- 
liament just  two  days  before  the  date  of  the  above-men- 
tioned private  letter,  and  that  Mr.  Flood  was  one  of  the 
principal  opponents  of  the  grant,  a  circumstance  which 
precludes  the  possibility  of  believing  him  to  have  written 
the  letter  in  question.  'We  shall  extract  the  article  from 
■whence  this  information  is  derived,  from  the  Public  Adver- 
tiser of  Dec.  18,  1771. 

"  *  Authentic  copj'  of  the  conclusion  of  the  speech  which 
Mr.  Flood  made  in  the  Irish  House  of  Commons,  on  Mon- 
day the  25th  of  November  last,  when  the  debate  on  the 
pension  of  Jeremiah  Dyson,  Esq.,  came  on  before  the 
Committee  of  Supplies :  — 

« ' « But  of  all  the  burthens  which  it  has  pleased 

Government  to  lay  upon  our  devoted  shoulders,  that 
•which  is  the  subject  of  the  present  debate  is  the  most 
grievous  and  intolerable. — Who  does  not  know  Jeremiah 
Dyson,  Esq.  ? — We  know  little  of  him  indeed,  otherwise 
than  by  his  name  in  our  pension  list;  but  there  are 
others  who  know  him  by  his  actions.  This  is  he  who  is 
endued  with  those  happy  talents,  that  he  has  served 
every  administration,  and  served  every  one  with  equal 
success,  —  a  civil,  pliable,  goodnatured  gentleman,  who 
will  do  what  you  will,  and  say  what  you  please, — for  pay- 
ment." 

" '  Here  Mr.  Flood  was  interrupted  and  called  to  order 
by  Mr.  ^I.,  who  urged  that  more  respect  ought  to  be  paid 
to  Mr.  D3'son  as  one  of  his  Majest3''s  officers,  and,  as 
such,  one  whom  his  Majesty  was  graciously'  pleased  to 
repose  confidence  in.  However,  Mr.  Flood  went  on: 
"  As  to  the  royal  confidence  reposed  in  Mr.  Dyson,  his 
gracious  Majesty  (whom  ,God  long  preserve)  has  been 
graciously  lavish  of  it,  not  only  to  Mr.  Dyson,  but  to  the 
friends  of  5Ir.  Dyson ;  and  I  think  the  choice  was  good. 
The  royal  secrets  will,  I  dare  saj',  be  very  secure  in  their 
breasts,  not  only  for  the  love  they  bear  to  his  gracious 
INIajesty,  but  for  the  love  they  bear  to  themselves.  In 
the  present  case,  however,  we  do  not  want  to  be  informed 
of  that  part  of  Mr.  Dyson's  character  —  we  know  enough 
of  him  —  everybodj'  knows  enough  of  him.  Ask  the 
British  treasury  —  the  British  council  —  ask  an}'  Eng- 
lishman who  he  is,  what  he  is  —  they  can  all  tell  3'ou,  for 
the  gentleman  is  well  known.  But  what  have  we  to  do 
with  him?  He  never  served  Ireland,  nor  the  friends  of 
Ireland.  And  if  this  distressed  kingdom  was  never  bene- 
fited by  his  counsel,  interest,  or  service,  I  see  no  good 
cause  why  this  kingdom  should  reward  him.    Let  the 


honourable  members  of  this  House  consider  this,  and  give 
their  voices  accordingly.  For  God's  sake  let  every  man 
consult  his  conscience.  If  Jeremiah  Dyson,  Esq.,  shall  be 
found  to  deserve  this  pension,  let  it  be"  continued ;  if  not, 
let  it  be  lopped  off'  our  revenue  as  burthensome  and  un- 
necessary'." '  "— Woodfall's  Junius  (ed.  1814),  pp.  156—9. 

Flood's  name  was  again  brought  forward  in 
1838  bj  Warden  Flood,  in  his  Memoirs  of  the 
Life  and  Correspondence  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Henri/ 
Flood,  M.P.,  who  tells  us  (p.  81.)  that  — 

"  Mr._ Flood  had  pretensions  to  the  authorship  of  Junius. 
And,  without  more  than  recording  a  few  anecdotes  on  the 
subject,  he  may  have  had  as  well-sustained  pretensions 
as  some  who  have  been  put  forward ;  since  hypothetical 
arguments,  however  lengthened,  in  support  of  a  parti- 
cular and  popular  personage,  do  not  give  greater  cer- 
tainty to  the  fact.*  A  literary  inquirj'  so  curious  as  the 
authorship  of  the  celebrated  Letters  of  Junius,  has  bafllied 
for  years  the  most  ingenious  conjectures.  The  nearer  we 
approach  the  object  of  our  inquisitiveness,  when  we  are 
about  to  place  the  chaplet  of  immortal  ba3'S  on  the  head 
of  the  supposed  author,  he  eludes  the  completion  of  our 
labour,  like  a  delightful  delusion  of  nature  which  pictures 
to  our  vision  an  imaginary  object  that  we  pursue  with 
confidence  till  nearness  informs  of  its  unreality.  It  ia 
fortunate  Junius  has  left  no  certain  trace  of  his  personal 
distinctness,  no  clue  to  saj'  he  was  the  man. 

"  Mr.  Flood,  however,  possessed  much  of  the  peculiar 
genius  of  that  writer,  and  a  classic  commentator  re- 
marked, when  the  political  warfare  was  carrying  on,  that 
his  satire  had  much  of  the  epigrammatic  point  of  Achi- 
locus.  The  time  Mr.  Flood  flourished,  his  politics,  his 
compositions,  and  his  position  in  society  gave  a  sort  of 
colouring  to  the  supposition  that  was  hazarded  by  many 
of  his  acquaintances,  regarding  his  identity  with  Junius. 
The  following  anecdotes,  however,  are  all  the  materials 
with  which  the  biographer  has  to  sustain  the  fact.  Colo- 
nel Luttrel  (the  first  Lord  of  Carhampton)  was  a  great 
stickler  for  abuses,  particularlj'  in  the  army  and  pension 
estimates ;  he  gave  bitter  and  unmitigated  opposition  to 
any  measure  suggested  by  Mr.  Flood  for  their  diminu- 
tion. In  one  of  the  letters  of  Junius  the  colonel  is  exhi- 
bited in  no  very  enviable  position.  He  happened  to  visit 
the  house  of  a  friend,  whom  he  found  attentively  perusing 
a  paper :  '  What  arc  you  reading  ? '  inquired  Luttrel.  '  A 
letter  of  Junius,'  responded  his  friend.  'Who  do  you 
think  is  he? '    *  Why,'  said  the  colonel, '  to  be  sure  that 

d d  fellow,  Harry  Flood.'    .The  conjecture  of  Colonel 

Luttrel  operated  as  a  well-attested  fact,  and  gave  an 
acerbity  to  his  observations,  within  and  without  the  doors 
of  parliament,  when  opposed  by  his  Junius. 

"  When  Sir  Lawrence  Parsons  was  on  a  visit  at  Farm- 
le3',  one  evening  the  conversation  turned  on  Junius.  Mr. 
Flood,  who  had  been  in  his  stud}',  entered  the  room  just 
as  Lady  Frances  said  that  Junius  ought  to  make  his  real 
name  known.  Mr.  Flood  sat  down  and  looked  fixedl}' 
at  Lady  Frances;  the  conversation  on  the  authorship 
dropped,  and  afterwards  Mr.  Flood  turned  it  to  some 
other  subject.  Sir  Lawrence  Parsons  thought  he  traced, 
in  the  manuscript  of  the  letters  at  Woodfall's,  the  small 
cramped  handwriting  of  Lady  Frances  Flood. 

"  The  question  he  put  to  a'connexion  of  his  is  charac- 
teristic enough  of  the  man,  and  of  Junius.  '  What  is 
your  definition  of  a  secret?'  'A  circumstance  only 
known  to  two  persons.'  'No,'  replied  Mr.  Flood,  'it 
ceases  to  be  a  secret  the  moment  it  is  known  to  anj'  one 
but  yourself.' " 

*  Lord  Eosse  has  been  mentioned  as  strongly  of  opinion 
that  Mr.  Flood  was  Junius. 


2»'i  S.  Vlir.  Aug.  G.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


103 


But  Mr.  Warden  Flood's  own  book,  if  it  were 
not  so  imperfect  as  it  is  with  rejfard  to  precise 
dates,  would  furnish  evidence  that  Flood  could  not 
have  been  Junius.  Mr.  Warden  Flood  tells  us  of 
Flood's  duel  with  Mr.  Agar,  in  which  the  latter 
was  shot.  This  took  place  on  25th  August,  1769, 
and  Mr.  Flood  quotes  letters  from  Lord  Lifford 
and  Lord  Charlemont  upon  the  subject,  dated  re- 
spectively the  6th  and  10th  of  September.  From 
this  time  then,  —  the  end  of  August,  1769,  until 
the  16th  of  April,  1770,  when  he  was  tried  at  the 
Kilkenny  Assizes,  and  acquitted,  the  verdict  be- 
ing, as  we  are  told  in  the  Life  of  Grattan  *, 
"  manslaughter  in  his  own  defence,"  Flood  is  be- 
lieved to  have  been  imprisoned  in  Ireland. 

Let  us  see  how  Junius  was  employed  during 
the  same  period ;  and  we  shall  then  be  enabled  to 
judge  how  far  it  is  possible  that  Flood  and  Junius 
can  be  one  and  the  same  person. 

Now,  referring  to  Junius'  own  edition  of  his 
Letters,  namely  that  published  by  Woodfall  in 
1772,  —  the  only  edition  which  should  be  referred 
to  when  it  contains  the  information  of  which  we 
are  in  search,  —  we  find  that  between  the  begin- 
ning of  Sept.  1769,  and  April,  1770,  there  appeared 
the  following  letters  :  — 

1769,  4th  Sept.  Philo-Junius   to  Printer  of  the  Public 
Advertiser. 

19th  Sept.  Junius  to  Duke  of  Bedford. 

25th  Sept.  Junius  to  Sir  VV.  Draper. 

13th  Oct.    Junius  to  Printer  of  Public  Advertiser. 

20th  Oct.  Ditto  ditto. 

19th  Oct.  Ditto  ditto.  . 

17th  Oct.  Ditto  ditto. 

14th  Nov.  Ditto  ditto. 

loth  Nov.  Ditto  ditto. 

29th  Nov.  Junius  to  Duke  of  Grafton. 

12th  Dec.  Ditto  ditto. 

19th  Dec.    Junius  to  Printer  of  Public  Advertiser 
(the  celebrated  Letter  to  the  King). 
1770, 14th  Feb.  Junius  to  Duke  of  Grafton. 

19th  Mar.  Junius  to  Printer  of  Public  Advertiser. 
3rd  Apr.  Ditto  ditto. 

But  the  inference  to  be  drawn  from  the  fact  of 
the  appearance  of  these  fifteen  letters  from  the 
pen  of  Junius  during  the  period  of  Flood's  im- 
prisonment,— namely,  that  Flood  could  not  be  the 
writer, — is  converted  into  something  like  certainty 
when   we   come  to   the   Private    Correspondence 

•  In  this  work,  also,  we  find  Flood's  claim  considered 
and  negatived.  "  Mr.  Flood  was  supposed  to  have  been 
the  author  of  the  Letters  of  Junius ;  but  the  comparison 
of  the  letters  of  Syndercombe,  which  he  certainly  wrote, 
with  those  of  Junius,  will  go  far  to  disprove  the  probabi- 
lity ;  and,  on  reference  to  two  of  the  letters,  this  is  esta- 
blished beyond  doubt ;  for  one  of  the  letters  of  Junius  to 
Sir  William  Draper  was  written  on  the  21st  of  February, 
1769.  and  appeared  but  a  few  days  after  the  publication 
of  Sir  William  Draper's  letter,  dated  the  17th,  and  to 
which  it  was  a  reply.  At  that  time  Mr.  Flood  was  in 
Ireland,  and  it  would  not  have  been  possible  for  a  reply 
to  have  been  made  by  him,  and  published  in  London,  in 
the  short  space  within  which  that  letter  of  Junius  ap- 
peared."    {Life  of  Henri/  Grattan,  i.  157-159.) 


which  Junius  held  with  Woodfall  during  the  same 
period. 

Junius  must  have  been  in  London  on  "  Fx-idny 
Night,  Sept.  15,  1769,"  when  he  wrote  to  Wood- 
fall  :  "  I  beg  you  will  to-morrow  advertise  Junius 
to  another  duke  in  our  next." 

Again,  in  his  private  letter,  No.  13.,  dated  16th 
Nov.  1769,  he  says:  "As  I  do  not  chuse  to  an- 
swer for  anybody's  sins  but  my  own,  I  must  desire 
you  to  say  to-morrow, —  'We  can  assure  the 
Public  that  the  letter  signed  A.  B.,  relative  to 
the  Duke  of  Rutland,  is  not  written  by  the  au- 
thor of  Junius'  "  But  Junius's  presence  in  Lon- 
don on  Dec.  19,  1769,  is  conclusive,  inasmuch  as 
he  corrects  in  a  private  letter  to  Woodfall  of  that 
date  an  important  error  in  his  celebrated  Letter 
TO  THE  King,  which  appeared  in  the  Public  Ad' 
vertiser  of  that  day.  It  is  No.  16.  of  the  Private 
Letters :  — 

•     "Dec.  19,  1769. 

"  For  material  affection,  for  God's  sake  read  maternal; 
it  is  in  the  sixth  Paragraph.  The  rest  is  excellently 
done." 

This  appears  to  us  to  be  conclusive  evidence 
against  Flood.  That  Flood  was  the  author  of 
many  political  articles,  the  secret  of  whose  author- 
ship was  for  a  long  tiine  sedulously  concealed  — 
perhaps,  among  others,  the  Letters  of  Syndercomie 
—  we  cannot  doubt.  Known  to  have  written  ar- 
ticles of  this  character,  the  more  celebrated 
epistles  of  Junius  have  been  perhaps  confounded 
with  them  by  over-zealous  friends,  who,  fully  be- 
lieving Flood  to  be  Junius,  took  those  measures 
for  handing  down  to  posterity  what  they  believed 
to  be  the  fact  which  have  been  already  clearly 
explained  by  our  correspondent  Valeat  Quan- 
tum, who  has  with  so  much  good  feeling  and  good 
taste  told  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  the  story  as  it 
was  told  to  him,  —  namely,  that  the  author  of  the 
Letters  of  Junius,  who  is  generally  believed  to  have 
been  an  Irishman,  was  no  less  a  person  than  tho 
Hibernian  Demosthenes  Henet  Flood.] 


A  geneeal  liteeaey  index. 
(2"'»  S.  i.  486.,  &c.) 
My  last  contribution  to  a  General  Literary  In- 
dex was  in  July,  1857.  With  your  permission,  I 
shall  continue  it  shortly.  Meanwhile,  I  send  for 
your  inspection  contributions  for  the  Companion 
Index  —  An  Index  of  Authors.  Knowing  by  ex- 
perience how  much  time  and  labour  are  lost  by 
inaccurate  references,  I  specify  not  only  the 
volume,  but  the  page  in  which  the  information  is 
to  be  found. 

Part  I.  —  An  Index  of  Authors. 

"  Abffilardi  (Petri),  Filosofi  et  Theologi  Abbatis  Royen- 

sis  et  Heloisse  Conivgis  Eivs  Prima?  Paracletensis 

Abbatissffi  Opera.      Nvnc  primvm  edita  ex   MMS. 

Codd.  V.  lUvstr.  Francisci  Amboesii   Equitis,  etc. 


104 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '59. 


Cum  eiusdem  Proefatione  Apologetica  et  Censura 
Doctorum  Parisiensium.    4to.     Paris,  1616. 

la  eodem  volumine,  Alias  Mag.  P.  A.  Nannetensis  et 
alioruin.  eiusdem  temporis  Epistolse,  quibus  adjectae 
sunt  et  Innocentii  II.  Papaa,  S.  Bernardi  Clareuall. 
Abbatis,  Heloissaj,  Berengarii  Scholastici,  Fulconis 
Prion's  de  Diogillo,  itemque  Petri  Venerabilis  Abba- 
tis Cluniacensis  ad  illius  seculi  Ilistoriam  maxime 
pertinentes. 

Item,  Expositiones  in  Orationem  Dominicam,  In  Sym- 
bolum  Apostolorum,  in  Symbolum  S.  Athanasii :  et 
Heloissae  Paraclitensis  Diaconissje  Problemata,  cum 
eiusdem  Petri  Aba>lardi  Solutionibus. 

Item,  Adversus  Haereses  Liber. 

Item,  Commentariorum  super  S.  Pauli  Epistolam  ad 
Eomanos  Libri  v. 

Item,  Sermones  per  annum  legendi,  ad  Virgines  Para- 
clitenses  in  Oratorio  constitutas. 

Item,  Introductio  ad  Theologiam,  divisa  in  III.  Libros. 

Item,  Andreae  Quercetani  (Duchesne)  Turonensis  Notas 
ad  Historiam  Calamitatum  Petri  Abaelardi:  Quae 
scripserit  Petrus  Abaelardus  apperietur  et  demonstra- 
bitur  in  Notis."  ' 

This  edition  is  described  in  the  General  Dictionary', 
Historical  and  Critical,  s.  v.  Amboise.  Very  rare,  accord- 
ing to  Ebert,  on  large  paper  as  this  copy  is.  See  also 
Clement,  Niceron.    De  Bure. 

In  Ranken's  History  of  France,  vol.  iii.  Append.,  there 
is  an  original  Translation  of  the  two  first  Epistles  of 
Heloisa  and  Abeilard,  "  in  which  Heloisa  dwells  with 
such  touching  and  passionate  truth  on  her  yet  unextin- 
guished affection,  but  the  springs  of  Abelard's  love  had 
been  frozen  by  age,  sorrow,  his  great  calamits',  his  perse- 
cutions," &c.  Milman's  Latin  Christianity,  iii.  369.  Com- 
pare Hallam,  i.  32.,  and  Notes  and  Queries,  vi.  407.  Other 
editions  and  versions :  Abelardi  et  Heloisa  Epistolce,  ed. 
Eawlinson,  8vo.,  Lond.,  1718.  John  Berington,  The 
History  of  tha  Lives  of  A.  and  H. ;  comprising  a  period  of 
eightj'-four  j'ears  from  1079  to  1163  :  with  their  genuine 
Letters  from  the  collection  of  Amboise.  Birm.  and  Lond., 
1787.     Sec.  ed.  1788,  4to.    See  also  Notes  and  Queries,  xi. 

188.  Tennemann,  who  observes,  "  The  epistolary  corre- 
spondence of  Abelard  and  Heloise,  which  has  been  pre- 
served, bespeaking  the  painful  reminiscence  of  their  past 
happiness,  and  overflowing  with  a  spirit  of  sublime  me- 
lancholy, is  a  glorious  monument  of  romantic  loVe." 
Warton,  in  his  Essay  on  the  Genius  arid  Writings  of  Pope, 
points  out  what  passages  are  borrowed,  and  how  much 
improved  (in  his  unrivalled  Epistle)  from  the  original 
Letters,  vol.  i.  304—35. 

Bernard's  letters,  condemning  Abelard's  Theologia,  or 
Introductio  in  Theologiam,  his  Sententice,  S<Mo  teipsum, 
and  Epistola  ad  Romanos,  pp.  270 — 96.,  will  also  be  found 
in  Bernardi  Opera,  together  with  others,  vide  Epist.  188, 

189,  190,  191,  192.  193. :  of  all  of  which  Dupin,  in  his 
History  of  Ecclesiastical  Writers,  gives  an  analj'sis  (torn. 
X.  56.).  He  also  inserts,  pp.  111-12.,  the  collection  of 
propositions  extracted  from  Abelard's  works,  which  was 
read  and  pronounced  heretical  at  the  Council  of  Soissons. 
The  errors  imputed  to  him  will  also  be  found.in  Posse- 
vinus,  ii.  232.,  and  Ranken's  History  of  France,  iii.  183. 
That  he  believed  in  the  doctrine  of  the  Satisfaction  of 
Christ  is  shown  from  his  Apology,  or  Confession,  ad- 
dressed, "  universis  Ecclesiae  Sanctae  Filiis  "  (pp.  330 — 3.) 
by  Dupin,  ut  supra,  and  by  Prideaux  in  his  Lectiones, 
p,  295.  Cf.  Epist.  21.,  and  his  Epistle,  or  Confession,  ad- 
dressed to  Heloisa,  prefixed  to  their  Letters,  and  inserted 
in  Epist.  17.  "  Quae  est  Berengarii  Scholastici  Apologe- 
-ticus,  contra  B.  Bernardum,"  &c.,  p.  308-9.    "Nolo,"  says 

Abelard,  "  sic  esse  Philosophus,  ut  recalcitrem  Paulo. 
Non  sic  esse  Aristoteles,  ut  secludar  a  Christo.    Non  enim 


aliud  nomen  est  sub  coelo,  in  quo  oporteat  me  salvum 
fieri." 

Dupin  gives  an  account  of  all  the  works  of  Abelard 
which  were  published  in  his  time ;  Neander  an  analysis 
of  the  most  important,  those  very  remarkable  treatises  in- 
cluded which  were  published  by  Rheinwald  in  1835,  and 
by  M.  Cousin  in  1836.  (See  Sir  James  Stephen's  Led. 
on  the  Hist,  of  France.)  Milman  states  {Latin  Chris- 
tianity, iii.  380.)  that  Cousin  has  only  printed  parts  of 
the  Sic  et  Non,  but  that  the  whole  has  now  been  printed' 
by  Henke  and  Lindenkohl,  Marburg,  1851.  For  his 
maxims  of  Theology  Giesler  (vol.  iii.  283.)  refers  to  In- 
troductio ad  Theologiam,  lib.  ii.  c.  1.  (0pp.  p.  1046.),  cap. 
ii.  p.  1047.,  cap.  iii.  pp.  1058,  59,  1060,  61.  Leyserus  no- 
tices the  verses  de  B.  Virgine  in  p.  1136.  0pp.,  and  men- 
tions Hymns  in  MS.  in  the  Cottonian  Library.  Heloisa 
was  so  celebrated  for  her  attainments,  that  among  her 
romantic  countrymen,  the  Bretons,  she  furnished  a  subject 
for  a  ballad,  in  which  she  is  represented  as  a  sorceress. 
Voy.  Chants  Populaires  de  la  Bretagne,  recucillis  et  publiis 
avee  une  Traduction  frangaise,  §•<;.,  par  Th.  Hersart  de  la 
Villemarqu^,  Paris,  1846. 

Part  II.  —  Collections  and  Anonymous  Works. 

Abaelardus,  Saec.  XI.  Ethica  seu  Liber :  Scito  Teipsum. 
V.  Pezii  Thesaur.  iii.  part  2.  626-88.  Neander  remarks 
in  his  General  Church  History  (viii.  318.),  that  Abe- 
lard's notions  of  vice  and  virtue  ai'e  answered  with 
great  clearness  by  Thomas  Aquinas  in  his  sensible  in- 
quiry into  the  relation  of  the  actus  exterior  and  the  in- 
tentio  and  perfect  will,  as  the  will  energetic  in  act.  An 
analysis  of  this,  "  the  first  particular  work  on  morals 
among  the  men  of  the  new  scientific  direction,"  will  be 
found  in  Neander,  vbi  supra,  pp.  127-132.  —  Theologia 
Christiana;  w.  Marten e  et  Durand.  Thesaur.  v.  1139-60. 
This  "Introduction  to  Theology"  (which  he  intended 
to  be  "sacrse  eruditionis  summa  quasi  divinae  scripturae 
introductio,"  but  which  did  not  extend  beyond  the 
doctrine  of  the  Trinity)  he  sent  forth  under  another 
shape,  in  his  work  on  Christian  Theology,  but  without 
softening  the  harshness  of  those  passages  which,  in  the 
first  edition,  had  given  offence  to  many.  —  E.xpositio  in 
Hexameron;  v.  Martene  et  Durand.  Thesaur.  v.  1361- 
1416.  Abelard  was  strongly  opposed  to  an  aristocracy 
of  knowledge  in  Christianity,  and  accordingly,  although 
he  points  out  the  distinction  between  "formare"  and 
"  creare,"  he  does  not  show  that  creation,  in  the  proper 
sense  of  the  word,  was  not  admitted  by  the  Greek  or  Ro- 
man philosophers.  He  notices  the  significancj'  of  the 
plural  name,  Elohira.  For  a  long  list  of  works  on  the 
Creation,  see  Darling's  Cyclopcedia  Sibliographica,  vol.  iii. 
151.  et  seq. ;  Rithmus,  de  S.  Trinitate;  v.  Martene  et  Du- 
rand. Collect,  ix.  1092-96.  This  abounds  in  antitheses 
and  paradoxes.  In  addition  to  the  references  given  in 
Part  I.,  it  may  be  remarked  that  Launoy  in  his  treatise, 
entitled  Z>e  Varia  Aristotelis  Fortuna  in  Academia  Pari- 
siensi,  has  given  a  collection  of  citations  from  different 
authors  who  have  reprobated  the  Scholastic  method  of 
theology,  &c. 

BiBLIOTHECAB.  ChGTHAM. 


HOW   THE   LORD    HIGH    CHANCELLOB   GOES    TO 
WESTMINSTER. 

Among  the  muniments  of  a  noble  family  which 
numbers  a  Lord  Chancellor  in  its  ancestral  roll  of 
worthies,  I  have  found  a  paper  in  the  handwriting 
of  Charles  II.'s  reign,  but  undated,  purporting  to 


■2"^S.  VIII.  Aug.  G.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


105 


be  an  account  of  "The  Usuall  manner  of  the  Lord 
High  Chancello"  his  goeinge  to  Westm'  the  first 
(lay  of  everye  Terme,  whither  on  Horse  or  in 
Coach,  and  how  Attended."  I  presume,  from  ex- 
ternal and  internal  evidences,  that  the  document 
is  genuine,  and  the  writer  an  authority  on  the 
subject.  I  send  you  some  extracts  from  the 
paper,  on  the  chance  that  there  is  no  printed  ac- 
count of  the  ceremony  which^it  describes.  It 
commences  thus :  — 

"  His  LordPP  the  first  day  of  every  Terme,  about  eight 
of  the  Clocke  ia  the  morning,  is  Attended  att  his  owne 
house  by  the  Lord  Cheife  Justice,  the  M''  of  the  Rolles, 
the  Cheife  Justice  of  the  Comon  Please  and  the  Cheife 
Baron  of  the  Excheq'",  together  w*i>  all  the  Judges,  the 
Attorney  and  SoUicitor  Generall,  w^^  the  rest  of  the 
Kinge  and  Queene's  Councill  and  the  Sarjeants  at  law, 
and  w"!  all  the  Officers  belongeinge  to  the  High  Court 
of  Chancerye,  where  they  are  treated  vr^^  Biskett  Wafers, 
round  Cakes,  and  Mackeroenes,  and  w*''  brewed  and 
burnt  wyne  served  after  this  manner." 

The  following  extract  will  suffice  to  show  what 
manner  this  was  :  — 

"  Thirdly,  The  brewed  Wyne  in  a  faire  great  Cupp 
conteyninge  a  Galloon,  brought  in  by  the  Usher  of  the 
Great  Chamber  and  p'sented  to  the  Lord  ChancellC, 
whoe  drinkes  to  the  M"^  of  the  Rolles  and  Lord  Cheife 
Justice  of  the  Common  Please,  and  soe  goes  about  to  the 
Judges  and  the  rest  of  the  Officers  in[that  roome." 

"  Which  Cerimonye  Ended  his  LordPP  sets  forward  for 
Westm'"  Hall  in  manner  followeinge.  If  his  LordPP  goes 
in  a  Coach,  then  the  M"^  of  the  Rolles  sitts  in  the  Coach 
by  him,  and  the  two  Lord  Cheife.  Justices  sitts  at  the 
other  End  of  the  Coach,  the  Sarjt  at  Armes  sitts  alone  in 
one  Boot,  and  the  Seale  Bearer  alone  in  the  other  Boote. 
The  Lord  Cheife  Baron  and  the  rest  of  the  Judges,  King's 
Councills,  and  Sarj«»  at  Law,  and  Officers  of  the  Chancery 
followe  in  their  Coaches,  everyone  in  their  order  and  de- 
gree, to  Westm"^  Hall  doore,  where  his  LordPP  takes 
Leave  of  the  Lord  Cheife  Justice  and  the  rest,  and  soe 
passing  by  the  Court  of  Common  Please,  there  finds  the 
Sarj'*  at  Lawe  placed  before  the  Barr  of  that  Court, 
p'senting  themselves  to  his  LordPP  according  to  theire 
Seniority,  his  LordPP  shakeing  them  by  the  hand  as  hee 
passes  alonge,  w<=^  Ceremonye  Ended  his  LordPP  goes  up 
to  the  Chancery  Court.  But  if  his  LordPP  rides  on  horse- 
backe  Foure  footmen  goes  by  his  LordPP,  two  of  one  side 
of  his  LordPP'  Horse  and  two  of  the  other  —  hee  rides 
foremost  alone  w*''  a  small  wand  in  his  hand,  and  his 
Gent"  of  his  horse  walkes  by  his  Stirrup  —  next  his 
LordPP  rides  the  Lord  Cheife  Justice  and  the  M'  of  the 
Rolls,  &c.  &c.  But  before  his  LordPP  there  first  walkes 
the  Sarj'  at  Armes,  and  the  Seale  Bearer,  and  first  Gent. 
Usher;  before  them  his  LordPP'  Secretary  and  all  the 
rest  of  his  retinewe  in  order,  all  bare.  Next  before  them 
walke  the  Officers  of  the  Chancerj'e  in  their  Orders  and 
degree,  all  coverd.  Before  all  goe  the  Tipstaves  of  the 
Court  and  the  Constables,  whoe  cleare  the  way  for  his 
LordPP  passage  through  the  Streetes  to  Westm""  Hall 
doore,  where  his  LordPP  allyghtinge  delivers  his  Wand  to 
his  Gent"  of  the  Horse,  soe  takes  leave  of  the  Lords 
Cheife  Justice  as  before,  and  receives  the  Sarj"  at  Law  at 
the  Common  Pleas  Barr,  and  soe  goes  to  the  Chancerye." 

Is  any,  and  what,  part  of  this  ancient  ceremony 
still  observed  ?  H. 


SOLUTION    OF   A   BIBIilOGBAPHICAL   PUZZLE. 

"  The  First  Catalogue  of  the  most  Vendible  Books  in 
England,  Orderly  and  Alphabetically  digested,  the  like 
Work  never  j'et  performed  bj'  any.  Varietas  Deleetat. 
London,  1658.    4to." 

Among  the  many  difficulties  which  doubt  has 
originated,  as  regards  old  books  and  their  real 
authors,  few  have  puzzled  the  English  bibliogra- 
pher more  in  affixing  the  "  pal  mam  qui  meruit 
ferat"  than  the  volume  named  above,  which  Dib- 
dln,  in  the  Bibliomania  (edit.  1811,  pp.  397-8.), 
strongly  recommends  in  the  following  terms :  — 

"  Whenever  you  can  meet  with  the  small  volume, 
purchase  it,  Lisardo,  if  it  be  only  for  the  sake  of  reading 
the  spirited  introduction  to  it.  The  Author  was  a  Man, 
whoever  he  may  chance  to  be,  of  no  mean  intellectual 
powers." 

See  also  his  edition  of  More's  Utopia  (vol.  ii. 
pp.  260 — 264) ;  The  Athenceum,  edited  by  Dr.  J. 
Aikin  (1807,  vol.  ii.  pp.  601-4.),  and  other  notices 
of  this  volume. 

Darling,  in  his  recent  Cyclopcedia  Bibliogra- 
phica  (art.  London,  Wm.),  therein  supposing  the 
editor  to  have  been  a  bookseller  in  Yorkshire, 
says  "  the  authorship  has  often  been  attributed  to 
Archbishop  Juxon :  the  signature  (William  Lon- 
don), at  the  end  of  the  Dedication,  having  been 
taken  for  his  official  signature,  who  was  then  (1658) 
Bishop  of  London."  In  looking  recently  over  some 
old  books,  I  came  across  a  small  but  well-known 
school-book  (Hoole's),  Ph'aseologia  Anglo- Latina 
in  usum  ScholcB  Bristoliensis,  12mo.  This  volume 
bears  the  imprint  of  "  London,  printed  by  E.  Coles 
for  William  London,  bookseller,  Newcastle,  1655. 
It  is  in  this  direction,  therefore,  that  information 
must  be  sought  relative  to  one  of  the  first  English 
essay  writers  "  on  the  use  of  books,"  and  "  upon 
the  value  and  benefits  of  learning  and  knowledge." 
I  trust  that  as  the  fingerpost  Is  now  set  up,  that 
the  spirit  of  research  among  your  friends  will  be 
aroused  to  this  "  new  northern  worthy,"  and  they 
will  shortly  present  you  some  interesting  details 
as  to  his  circumstances,  &c.,  though  none  is  to  be 
found  in  the  Rev.  John  Brand's  History  of  Neic- 
castle-upon-Tyne.  N.  T. 

[See  «N.  &  Q."  1"  S.  vi.  515.  592. ;  vii.  390.] 


M.   SULLACOMBE,  AND    THE    STREETS    OE   LONDON. 

The  attention  of  Londoners  is  so  forcibly  and 
painfully  directed  just  now  to  the  sanitary  condi- 
tion of  the  metropolis,  that  I  have  read  with  a 
personal  feeling  of  interest  a  curious  MS.  me- 
morial or  letter  (which  has  recently  come  into  my 
possession),  written  by  a  Hollander  to  some  un- 
known English  correspondent  during  the  reign  of 
Charles  II.,  on  the  subject  of  cleansing  the  streets 
of  London  and  Westminster.  I  submit  some  ex- 
tracts from  the  letter,  for  the  edification  of  your 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2''<'  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6,  '5&. 


readers.  The  paper  is  endorsed,  "  Monsieur  Sul- 
lacombe's  Proposition  for  cleansing  y"  Streets  of 
London,"  and  is  dated  at  the  close» "  London,  f  4- 
Dec.  1670."  The  author  sets  out  by  assuming  as 
an  indisputable  fact  the  foul  condition  of  the  me- 
tropolitan streets,  and  then  proceeds  to  answer  by 
anticipation  the  arguments  which  would  be  urged 
against  his  sanitary  reform  by  the  Tory  legisla- 
tors of  the  period  :  — 

"  It  is  ti-ue,"  he  observes,  "  that  when  I  begin  to  repre- 
sent this  matter  publiquely,  it  may  be  replyd  to  me,  That 
if  too  day  y«  Streets  were  all  made  clean,  too  morrow  you 
shall  see  them  as  bad  as  before ;  But  as  this  was  y"  same 
Objection  w"'*  with  great  heat  was  made  to  me  at  Paris,  so 
I  have  still  sufficient  Reasons  to  gain  this  Point.  I  have 
said  it  there,  and  I  saj'  y«  same  now  here,  That  this  Ob- 
jection is  not  at  all  available :  for  should  we  say.  If  you 
wash  your  hands  your  Feet  and  your  Linnen  too  day 
they  shall  be  dirty  too  morrow,  ought  not  they  therefore 
to  be  washd  at  all  ?  The  Reason  is  quite  contrary,  for 
ever}'  one  is  obliged  to  make  clean  every  day  that  w^"*  is 
subject  to  be  fowle,  if  they  would  not  have  all  to  be 
stinking  and  unclean." 

So  much  for  the  objectors  to  our  reformer's 
project,  which  is  briefly  this  :  —  He  proposes  that 
the  same  plan  should  be  adopted  in  London  as  in 
Holland  — 

"  Where  every  Family  makes  clean  y^  street  before  his 
House,  and  that  w'='>  this  People  doe  by  natarall  Inclina- 
tion, and  without  Constraint,  ought  to  be  introduced 
here  bj-  Sovereign  ord"",  because  it  concerns  y^  Common 

good By  this  I  intend.  That  in  all  y^  great 

Streets  this  ord"^  may  be  observd,  That  as  farr  as  y"  front 
of  each  house  extends  the  Inhabitants  shall  keep  a  Pave- 
ment neat  and  clean  of  three  paces  in  Length  before  y" 
^  House  to  the  Street,  which  is  as  much  as  those  that 
walke  on  foot  can  desire.  And  that  for  seeing  this  fully 
elFected,  som  officers  may  be  appointed  daily  to  goe  y^ 
rounds  in  their  severall  quarters  at  a  certain  houre  every 
morning,  according  to  the  Season  of  the  year,  uppon  a 
penalty  to  be  inflicted  on  them  as  it  is  now  in  Practise  at 
Paris,  where  that  Town  is  in  this  kind  greatly  accommo- 
dated." 

Our  modern  district  boards  and  street  orderlies 
are  not  improvements  greatly  in  advance  of  Mons. 
Sullacombe's  suggestions.  He  proceeds  to  throw 
out  another  hint,  which  has  since  been  adopted  in 
our  workhouse  system,  namely,  that  if  domestic 
servants  cannot  be  employed  in  street-cleaning,  it 
would  be  easy  and  advantageous  to  supply  tbeir 
place  by  some  of  the  "  stout  and  sturdy  Beggars, 
■who  swarm  in  these  two  Cities  in  such  vast  num- 
bers, that  a  man  can  scarsely  save  himselfe  from 
their  Importunity — and  there  wants  nothing  else 
but  to  furnish  them  with  Water  and  Brooms." 
He  illustrates  this  suggestion  by  "  a  pleasant  ex- 
ample in  a  modern  Town  of  y^  Low  Coiintries 
{Spanish  Netherlands),  which  finding  itselfe  over- 
whelmed by  an  insufferable  number  of  these 
Rogues  within  y®  Town  and  without,  very  much 
incommoded  by  a  high  Mountain  that  hindred 
their  Fortifications,  they  made  a  great  part  of 
those  Eogues  worke  by  force,  fastning  them  with 
Chaines  of  Iron  to  y"  Wheelbarrowes,  and  this  for 


5  solz  a  day  well  payd  ;  By  vi"^  meanes  it  not 
onely  came  to  pass  that  they  that  workd  were  in 
a  short  time  freed  from  the  disgrace  they  lay 
under,  but  y^  Town  was  freed  of  all  y"  rest ;  for 
they,  flying  from  worke  as  from  y"  mouth  of  a 
Cannon,  and  being  still  disposd  to  Idleness, 
quitted  this  Quarter  as  if  they  had  bin  drove 
away  by  the  Plague."  The  dirt  and  refuse  re- 
moved from  the  pavement,  Mons.  Sullacombe 
suggests,  should  be  regularly  carried  away  by  "y" 
Dungcarts  appointed  for  that  end ;"  and  the  pro- 
fit arising  from  the  sale  of  "  these  Imraundities 
may  in  some  measure  serve  for  gratifying  the  said 
officers."  He  proceeds  to  enlarge  upon  the  ad- 
vantages of  his  project  at  some  length,  and  closes 
with  a  suggestion  that  the  "  old  ill  kind  of  Pave- 
ment, with  small  sharp  stones,"  then  used  in  the 
streets,  should  be  changed  for  a  regular  paving, 
with  "  stones  well  cutt  for  this  purpose  as  is  par- 
ticularly seen  at  Anvers,"  &c.  Such  a  pavement, 
he  is  glad  to  observe,  is  occasionally  seen  in  Lon- 
don, "  in  severall  places  about  Whitehall,  and  par- 
ticularly all  along  y"  King's  Garden  between  y® 
two  Gates  over  against  y"  Cockpitt."  In  reply  to 
an  anticipated  objection  that  a  sufficient  quantity 
of  suitable  paving-stones  cannot  be  obtained  in 
England,  he  recommends  the  adoption  of  "  that 
sort  of  Bricke  which  wee  call  Clinchart,  that  is  to 
say  sounding  Brick,  because,  if  you  throw  it  on 
y®  ground,  its  great  hardness  makes  it  resound  as 
a  clock of  which  wee  are  capable  to  fur- 
nish successively  a  great  quantity."  The  dura- 
bility of  this  material  he  considers  amply  proved 
by  its  use  "at  y^  Court  of  y«  Palace  of  y'=  Hague, 
where  it  hath  continued  above  60  yeares,  millions 
of  Coaches  passing  over  it,  and  is  at  this  day  in  a 
very  good  condition."  The  language  of  the  let- 
ter is  unusually  idiomatic  for  a  foreigner,  but  the 
last  sentence  is  unmistakeably  of  French  con- 
struction :  — 

"  In  all  that  is  above  said  there  is  nothing  impossible, 
if  you  will ;  and,  for  my  part,  I  know  not  why  j'ou  Avill 
not.  But  I  well  know  y^  Reasons  why  you  shuld  doe  it, 
when  that  thing  shall  be  y«  last  difficulty  of  w<^''  I  think 
I  have  shewn  you  y"  contrary." 

The  interest  of  the  subject,  and  the  quaintness 
of  its  treatment,  must  form  my  apology  for  the 
length  of  these  extracts. 

Is  anything  known  of  Mons.  Sullacombe  as  a 
■practical  sanitary  reformer  ?  H.  G.  H. 

Raymond  Buildings,  Gray's  Inn. 


Alexander  Pope's  Chair.  —  Having  occasion  to 
visit  Audley  End  in  December,  1852,  the  late 
Lord  Braybrooke  directed  my  attention  to  a 
notable  relic  of  Alexander  Pope  standing  in  the 
library,  namely,  a  narrow-backed  arm-chair  of 
curious  workmanship,  containing  a  central  medal- 


■2n'J  S.  VIII.  Aug.  G.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND.  QUERIES. 


107 


lion  of  Venus,  armed  with  an  arrow  and  a  burn- 
ing heart.  On  tbe  back  is  a  brass  plate  with  the 
following  inscription :  — 

"  This  chair,  once  the  propcrtj'  of  Alexander  Pope,  was 
cjiven  as  a  keepsake  to  the  nurse  who  attended  him  in  his 
last  illness.  From  her  descendants  it  was  obtained  by 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Ashle}',  when  curate  of  the  parish  of 
Binfield,  and  kindly  presented  by  him  to  Lord  Braj-- 
brooke  in  1844,  nearly  a  century  after  the  poet's  de- 
cease." 

J.  Yeoweix. 

Illustration  of  "  BoswelVs  Johnson."  —  I  am 
struck  with  the  coincidence  between  the  follow- 
ing passages.  The  first  occurs  in  Mr.  Boswell's 
Journal  of  a  Tour  to  the  Hebrides  (2nd  edit.  p. 
505.):  — 

"  At  Sir  Alexander  Dick's,  from  that  absence  Of  mind 
to  which  every  man  is  at  times  subject,  I  told,  in  a 
blundering  manner.  Lady  Eglintoune's  complimentary 
adoption  of  Dr.  Johnson  as  her  son,  for  I  unfortunately 
stated  that  her  ladyship  adopted  him  as  her  son,  in  con- 
sequence of  her  having  been  married  the  year  after  he 
was  born.  Dr.  Johnson  instanth'  corrected  me.  . '  Sir, 
don't  you  perceive  that  j-ou  are  defaming  the  Countess  ? 
For  supposing  me  to  be  her  son,  and  that  she  was  not 
married  till  the  3'ear  after  my  birth,  I  must  have  been 
her  natural  son.'  A  j'oung  lady  of  qualitj',  who  was  pre- 
sent, very  handsomely  said,  'Might  no't  the  son  have 
justified  the  fault?'  'My  friend  was  much  flattered  by 
this  compliment,  which  he  never  forgot.  When  in  more 
than  ordinary  spirits,  and  talking  of  his  journey  in  Scot- 
land, he  has  called  to  me, '  Boswell,  what  was  it  that  the 
young  lady  of  quality  said  of  me  at  Sir  Alexander 
Dick's?'  Xobody  will  doubt  that  I  was  happv  in  re- 
peating it." 

Now  I  put  in  juxta-position  with  [this  the  fol- 
lowing from  the  first  scene  in  King  Lear  (slightly 
abbreviated)  :  — 

" Kent.  Is  not  this  3'our  son,  my  Lord? 

"  Gloucester.  Sir,  this  young  fellow's  mother  had  in- 
deed. Sir,  a  son  for  her  cradle  ere  she  had  a  husband  for 
her  bed.    Do  3'ou  smell  her  fault  ? 

"  Kent.  I  cannot  wish  the  fault  undone,  the  issue  of  it 
being  so  proper." 

Might  not  the  young  lady  of  quality  have  bor- 
rowed the  compliment  from  this  passage  ?      G.  J. 

Sir  Walter  Raleigh. — Whilst  searching  amongst 
some  MSS.  in  the  State  Paper  Office,  I  found  the 
following  document  relating  to  Sir  Walter  Raleigh, 
which  perhaps  may  be  interesting  to  some  of  your 
historical  readers.  It  is  dated  1606,  and  was  pro- 
bably written  during  the  month  of  March.  It 
throws  some  light  on  the  sufferings  Sir  Walter 
underwent  during  his  imprisonment  in  the  Tower. 

"  Sir  Water  Ealeghs  complayning  is  in  this  manner. 
All  his  left  sj'de  is  extreme  cold  out  of  sense  or  motion 
or  num.  His  fingers  on  the  same  syde  begining  to  be 
contracted  and  his  tong  taken  in  sum  parte  in  so  mj'che 
that  he  speketh  wekely  and  it  is  to  be  fered  he  may  ut- 
terly lose  the  use  of  it. 

"  peter  Turner,  D.  of  Phisick. 

"  in  respect  of  these  circumstances  to  speke  lyke  a 
phisition  it  were  good  for  him  if  it  might  stand  with 
your  Honores  lyking  that  he  were  removed  from  the  cold 


lodging  where  he  lyeth  unto  a  warmer  that  is  to  say  a 
little  room  w"''*  he  hath  bilt  in  the  garden  adjoining  to 
his  stilhouse." 

W.  0.  w. 

Scarborough. 

Preservation  of  Monumental  Brasses.  —  At  one 
of  the  late  meetings  of  the  Society  of  Antiquaries, 
it  was  stated  that  these  noble  and  interesting  ob- 
jects are  still  frequently  disappearing.  The  faci- 
lities afforded  by  the  marine  store  shops,  and 
ignorance  of  their  value  in  other  respects,  are  the 
chief  causes.  Would  it  not  assist  their  preser- 
vation if  a  complete  list  were  made  and  printed 
in  the  form  of  a  Handbook,  so  that  every  traveller 
might  know  what  brasses  there  were  in  each 
church,  and  inquire  for  them  accordingly  ?  The 
fact  of  this  species  of  registration,  and  the  chance 
of  their  being  often  asked  after,  would  operate  as 
a  great  check  against  their  being  removed.  A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 

Smoking  Anecdote.  —  Probably  this  anecdote 
may  be  acceptable  to  Mr.  Andrew  Steinmetz 
and  other  smokers,  if  they  do  not  already  possess 
it.  I  take  it  from  vol.  iii.,  French  Anas,  Chev- 
rceana,  p.  51.:  — 

"  A  gentleman  told  me,  who  had  studied  under  (Pro- 
fessor) Baxhorne  (he  succeeded  Heinsius  as  Professor  of 
Politics  and  History  at  Leyden  in  1633.  His  works  are 
learned  and  numerous)  at  Leyden,  that  this  learned  pro- 
fessor was  equally  indefatigable  in  reading  and  smoking. 

"  To  render  these  two  favourite  amusements  compatible 
with  each  other,  he  pierced  a  hole  through  the  broad 
brim  of  his  hat,  through  which  his  pipe  was  convej-ed 
when  he  had  lighted  it.  In  this  manner  he  read  and 
smoked  at  the  same  time.  When  the  bowl  of  the  pipe 
was  empty,  he  filled  it,  and  repassed  it  through  the  same 
hole ;  and  so  kept  both  his  hands  at  leisure  for  other  em- 
ployments. At  other  times  he  was  never  without  a  pipe 
in  his  mouth." 

Being  a  smoker,  I  conceive  the  above  may 
prove  interesting  as  a  note  to  Mr.  Steinmetz's 
valuable  little  work  on  Tobacco. 

How  old  was  the  bishop  when  he  died  ? 
T.  C.  Anderson, 
H.M.'s  12th  Regt.  Bengal  Army. 
8.  Warwick  Villas,  Maida  Hill,  W. 

Handel's  Hallelujah  Chorus.  —  The  following 
cutting  from  a  recent  newspaper  deserves  perhaps 
a  place  in  "  N.  &  Q."  :  — 

"The  Origin  of  Standing  at  Handel's  Halle- 
LULAH  Chorus.  —  From  an  anecdote  in  the  Biographia 
Dramatica,  we  discover  the  origin  of  the  custom  of  the 
audience  standing  during  the  performance  of  the  Halle- 
lujah Chorus.  VVhen  this  piece  was  first  performed,  the 
audience  were  exceedingly  struck  and  affected  by  the 
music  in  general,  but  when  the  chorus  reached  the  pas- 
sage, '  For  the  Lord  God  Omnipotent  reigneth,'  they  were 
so  transported  that  they  all,  with  the  King,  who  was 
present,  started  up  and  remained  standing  till  the  chorus 
was  concluded :  and  hence  it  became  the  practice  in  Eng- 
land for  the  audience  to  stand  while  that  part  of  the  music 
is  performing." 

Abhba. 


108 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<i  S.  VI II.  Aug.  6.  '59. 


MEDIiEVAIi   ARCHITECTUKE    OF    VENICE. 

Most  travellers  are  disappointed  on  entering 
those  houses  in  this  city  which  have  elevations  of 
mediaeval  character.  The  interior  in  almost  every 
case  is  of  Italo-classic  architecture ;  in  fact,  ex- 
cept on  the  fronts,  there  is  scarcely  a  vestige  of 
that  of  the  middle  ages  throughout  the  city  :  and 
yet  the  houses  do  not  appear  to  have  been  rebuilt. 
Some  of  these  fronts  are  executed  in  a  sort  of 
cement,  and  many  appear  comparatively  modern. 
On  inquiring  as  to  this  peculiar  feature,  I  found 
there  was  a  tradition  that  when  any  member  of  a 
Venetian  family  had  distinguished  himself  in  the 
wars  that  were  always  raging  between  the  Re- 
public and  the  Turks,  he  or  bis  relatives  imme- 
diately, as  a  sort  of  trophy,  caused  the  front  of 
the  house  to  be  "  Saracenised,"  as  my  informant 
called  it  —  much  as  our  old  Indian  officers,  some 
years  ago,  used  to  build  pagodas  in  their  gardens, 
or  old  captains  of  whalers  to  put  up  a  pair  of 
whale's  ribs  over  their  gates.  The  plan,  or  rather 
design,  of  the  fronts  of  the  Venetian  houses,  whe- 
ther mediseval  or  not,  is  just  the  same ;  a  triple 
arcade  in  the  centre  of  each  story,  and  one  or 
more  isolated  windows  on  each  side  of  this.  The 
transformation  would  be  very  easy  ;  the  substitu- 
tion of  a  pointed  ogee  arch,  and  some  tracery,  more 
or  less  elaborate,  for  the  old  circular  arch.  There 
would  be  no  need  to  pull  down  anything,  nor  to 
alter  the  inside.  Can  any  of  your  readers  refer 
me  to  written  authorities  in  support  or  explanation 
of  this  tradition,  which  certainly  puts  Venetian 
architecture  in  a  different  light  to  that  in  which 
it  has  lately  been  regarded  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


Bacon  on  Conversation.  —  Speaking  of  conver- 
sation, in  his  Advancement  of  Learnings  Bacon 
says  :  "  But  this  part  of  knowledge  has  been  ele- 
gantly handled,  and  therefore  I  cannot  report  it 
for  deficient."  To  what  author  or  publication 
does  he  refer  ?  Having  myself  ventured  to  write 
an  Essay  on  the  subject,  and  wishing  for  addi- 
tional information,  I  should  be  obliged  for  the 
notice  of  these  or  any  other  references.  With 
Swift's  and  La  Bruyere's  observations  I  am  ac- 
quainted, and  mention  this  to  save  the  trouble  of 
alluding  to  them.  Francis  Trench. 

Islip. 

A  Charity-box  for  Distressed  Gentlemen.  —  In 
the  Dublin  Freeman  s  Journal  (Oct.  13,  1764)  the 
following  notice  may  be  found  :  — 
"  To  the  Pvhlick. 

"By  permission  of  the  Right  Hon.  Benjamin  Geale, 
Esq.,  Lord  Mayor  of  the  City  of  Dublin,  a  Charity  Box, 


with  the  City  Arms  thereon,  is  now  carried  in  such  parts 
of  this  City  as  shall  be  judged  most  expedient,  for  the 
sole  benefit  and  relief  of  three  distressed  gentlemen,  now 
confined  in  the  City  Marshalsea,  which  it  is  humbly 
hoped  will  engage  the  attention  and  tender  consideration 
of  the  humane  and  benevolent. 

"I  certifie  the  above  gentlemen  are  in  real  distress. 
"  Wm.  Dklamain,  Marshal." 

Was  this  a  common  mode  of  raising  money  for 
debtors  in  Dublin  and  elsewhere  during  the  last 
century  ?  And  can  you  refer  me  to  any  notices 
similar  to  the  one  I  send  ?  Abhba. 

Prayer  on  setting  forth  an  Expedition,  probably 
in  the  Reign  of  Elizabeth.  — 

','  Most  Omnipotent  maker  and  guider  of  all  the  world's 
mass,  that  only  searchest  and  fathomest  the  bottom  of  all 
hearts'  conceits,  and  in  them  seest  the  true  original  of  all 
actions  intended,  Thou,  that  by  thy  foresight  dost  truly 
discern,  how  no  malice  of  revenge,  nor  quittance  of  in- 
jury, nor  desire  of  bloodshed,  nor  greediness  of  lucre,  hath 
bred  the  resolution  of  our  now  set  out  army,  but  a  heed- 
ful care  and  weary  watch  that  no  neglect  of  force,  nor 
over  surety  of  harm,  might  breed  either  danger  to  us,  or 
glorj'  to  them.  These  being  grounds,  Thou  that  didst 
inspire  the  mind,  Ave  humbly  beseech  Thee  with  bended 
knees  prosper  the  work,  and  with  best  fore- winds  guide 
the  Journey,  speed  the  victory,  and  make  the  return  the 
advancement  of  thy  glory,  the  triumph  of  their  fame,  and 
suret}'  of  the  realm,  with  the  least  loss  of  English  blood. 
To  these  devout  petitions,  Lord,  give  thou  thy  blessed 
grant." 

I  have  copied  this  prayer  from  a  contemporary 
manuscript,  written  by  one  who  lived  in  the  reign 
of  Queen  Elizabeth,  as  well  as  in  those  of  her  two 
successors ;  but  I  suppose  it  to  belong  to  the  for- 
mer period.  I  have  not  followed  the  spelling,  as 
it  is  peculiar  to  the  writer,  and  the  composition 
appears  to  better  advantage  without  it :  and,  as 
he  was  certainly  not  the  author,  but  only  a  tran- 
scriber, there  is  no  good  reason  in  this  case  for 
retaining  his  orthography.  I  am  desirous  to  ask, 
1.  Whether  any  other  copy  of  it  is  extant,  either 
in  print  or  manuscript  ?  2.  If  so,  whether  its  oc- 
casion is  known?  and  3.  Its  probable  author? 

John  Gough  Nichols. 

"Liberavi  animam  meant.'"  —  This  phrase  occurs 
at  the  end  of  a  letter  addressed  by  the  late  Mr. 
Justice  Alderson  to  a  friend  about  to  be  per- 
verted (Life,  p.  229.),  and  the  sense  in  which  he 
used  it  is  the  same  as  that  of  his  biographer  (p. 
160.),  who  says  of  the  learned  baron, — 

"  In  talking  on  a  matter  which  interested  him,  he  was 
not  careful  so  much  to  pick  and  choose  his  words  as  to 
give  free  vent  to  the  current  of  his  thoughts  —  lilerare 
animam." 

Here  it  is  evident  that  he  intends  liberare  ani- 
mam to  be  the  equivalent  of  sedulb  dixisse,  as 
Terence :  — 

"  Ego,  seduld  hunc  dtxisse  credo.    Veriim  ith.  est, 
Quot  homines,  tot  sententiae.    Suus  cuique  mos." 
Phormio.  ii.  iii.  13. 

The  expression  liberavi  animam  meam  does  not 
occur  in  the  Latin  Vulgate  in  the  first  person,  but 


2»<i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


109 


in  the  second,  libera  animam  meam  (Ps.  cxvi.  4., 
cxx.  2.),  and  its  equivalent  e7-ipe  animam  meam 
(Ps.  vi.  4.,  xvii.  13.)  are  addressed  to  Jehovah, 
and  the  sense  has  reference  to  the  soul  or  indi- 
vidual, and  not  to  his  opinions  or  thoujihts  deli- 
vered or  enunciated.  So  Aufjustin  (^Civit.  Dei, 
X.  32.),  whose  latinity  is  generally  approved,  — 

"Haec  est  religio,  quae  universalem  continet  viam 
animce  liberandcB,  quoniam  nulla  nisi  in  hac  liberari 
potest." 

The  phrase  as  used  by  Mr.  Baron  Alderson, 
although  common  enough,  appears  to  be  merely 
schoolboy's  Latin  for  "  I  have  delivered  my  opi- 
nion ;"  but  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  if  there  be 
any  authority,  classical  or  otherwise,  for  it  ? 

T,  J.  BUCKTON.  ■ 

Lichfield. 

Chambers  for  the  Duke  of  Maniun's  Dwarfs.  — 
There  are  in  the  ducal  palace  at  Mantua  a  few 
very  small  apartments,  perhaps  six  or  seven,  lead- 
ing one  into  another.  They  are  not,  I  should 
think,  six  feet  high,  and  may  be  alaout  eight 
square.  They  are  now  bare  whitewashed  rooms, 
with  no  doors  or  furniture,  though  in  one,  called 
the  kitchen,  is  a  raised  platform  with  steps.  You 
ascend  to  these  rooms  by  one  or  two  proportion- 
ately diminutive  flights  of  steps.  Murray's  Hand- 
book gives  no  information  about  them ;  but  the 
young  man  who  shows  the  building  says  they  were 
built  by  some  Duke  of  Mantua  for  his  dwarfs. 
Can  anyone  give  me  any  information  on  the  sub- 
ject ?  Perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents  may 
have  met  with  similar  apartments  elsewhere.      S. 

Scotch  Genealogies.  —  Before  the  commence- 
ment of  the  present  century  it  was  an  almost 
invariable  rule  to  baptize  the  eldest  son  by  the 
name  of  the  father's  father,  and  the  eldest  daugh- 
ter by  the  name  of  the  mother's  mother.  In 
making  out  pedigrees  I  have  repeatedly  been  as- 
sisted by  keeping  this  Tact  in  mind.  Was  there 
the  same  rule  in  England  or  Ireland  ?  2.  0. 

Bishop  Pocockes  "  Tour  through  Ireland."  —  In 
a  biographical  sketch  of  the  Rev.  Mervyn  Arch- 
dall,  in  the  Anthologia  Hibernica,  vol.  iii.  p.  274., 
the  following  passage  occurs  :  — 

"It  was  there  [at  Attanagh]  he  [Bishop  Pococke] 
improved  some  of  his  works,  and  there  he  planned  his 
tour  through  Ireland  and  Scotland;  which  the  writer  of 
this  has  been  informed  are  in  the  British  Museum." 

Can  you  tell  me  whether  the  documents  in 
question  are  in  the  British  Museum  ?  *  Anything 
from  Bishop  Pococke's  pen  must  be  good;  and, 
therefore,  I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  particulars,  es- 
pecially of  his  "  Tour  through  Ireland."  Has  any 
portion  of  it  appeared  in  print  ?  Abhba. 

[*  There  are  two  volumes  of  letters  relating  to  Bishop 
Pococke's  Continental  travels  in  the  British  Museum, 
Addit.  MSS.  19,939, 19,940.— Ed.] 


Major  Duncanson  and  the  Massacre  of  Glencoe. 
—  The  article  in  this  month's  Blackwood  on  the 
Massacre,  suggests  the  following  queries  to  me  : — 
What  connexion  was  there  between  the  following 
personages:  Captain  Duncanson,  who  accompa- 
nies Archibald,  9th  Earl  of  Argyle,  in  his  unfor^ 
tunate  expedition  to  Scotland  in  1685,  and  who 
behaves  with  great  gallantry,  and  appears  to  have 
been  one  of  the  earl's  most  trusted  servants  (see 
Wodrow's  History),  and  the  Major  Robert  Dun- 
canson who  is  in  1692  "  Major  of  My  Lord  Ar- 
gyle's  regiment,"  and  who  takes  a  leading  part  in 
the  horrible  affair  of  Glencoe  (see  article  in  Black- 
wood) ? 

This  Major  Duncanson  receives  a  grant  of 
arms  from  Heralds'  College  in  Edinburgh  in  1692, 
the  very  year  of  the  massacre.  In  the  register  he 
is  termed  "  Major  to  the  regiment  of  Foot,  com- 
manded by  the  Earl  of  Argyle,  and  descended  of 
the  Family  of  Fassokie  in  Stirlingshire."  I  much 
desire  information  respecting  this  family. 

In  Douglas'  Baronage,  voc.  "  Mayne  of  Powys," 
two  brothers,  James  Duncanson  (of  Kiels),  who 
resides  at  Campbelton,  and  John  Duncanson  at 
Inverary,  marry  two  sisters,  daughters  of  William 
Mayne  of  Powys,  about  the  middle  of  last  century. 
Were  they  connected  with  the  Major  Duncanson 
of  the  massacre  ?  Finally,  in  one  of  Burke's 
genealogical  works  I  find  mention  made  of  a 
"  MS.  History  of  the  Family  of  Campbell  of  Ar- 
gyle, by  James  Duncanson  of  Inverary."  Where 
is  this  MS.  preserved,  and  who  was  the  author  ? 

2.  0. 

Mr.  Wells. —  Can  you  give  me  any  information 
regarding  Mr.  Wells,  author  of  Joseph  and  his 
Brethren,  a  sacred  drama  ?  Some  account  of  the 
author  is  to  be  found  in  an  anonymous  poem  hav- 
ing the  title  of  "  The  Contention  of  Death  and 
Love,"  a  poem,  London,  1837.  Z.  A. 

Life  is  before  ye  !  —  The  subjoined  was  quoted 
in  a  speech  to  the  students  of  the  London  Uni- 
versity on  the  11th  May.  Can  any  reader  of"  N. 
&  Q."  inform  me  where  it  is  to  be  found  ? 

"  Life  is  before  ye ! 
A  sacred  burthen  to  the  life  ye  bear; 
Look  on  it,  lift  it,  bear  it  solemnly. 
Stand  up,  and  walk  under  it  steadfastly. 

"  Fail  not  for  sorrow,  falter  not  for  sin, 
Onwards  and  upwards  till  the  goal  ye  win, 
God  guard  ye  and  God  guide  ye  in  the  way, 
Young  pilgrim  warriors  who  set  forth  this  day." 

T.  W.  WONFOR. 

Brighton. 

Lilac.  —  In  the  articles  on  the  lilac  which  have 
lately  appeared  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  ob- 
served the  word  is  said  to  be  Persian.  In  the 
south  of  Scotland  it  is  called  by  the  peasantry  the 
"  lily  aik,"  or  "  lily  oak."  Is  there  no  doubt  about 
the  Persian  origin  of  the  word  ?  2.  0. 


110 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°-!  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '59. 


Device.  —  I  remember  reading  somewhere  of  a 
device  representing  a  crown  as  a  ship  in  gala  trim. 
I  think  it  was  on  a  medal  or  banner  at  the  re- 
storation of  Charles  II.  I  shall  feel  greatly 
obliged  by  anyone  giving  me  information  on  the 
subject.  T.  S. 

Cespoule.  — In  a  diary  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury a  journey  from  Durham  to  Shropshire  is 
described  through  Kendal,  Preston,  Cespoole,  and 
Chester.  What  is  Cespoole?  Can  it  be  Liver- 
pool ?  or  anything  but  a  mistake  ?  W.  C. 

Ministers  of  St.  James's,  Clerkenwell.  —  I  am 
<3esirous  of  obtaining  information  respecting  the 
following  ministers  of  this  church,  which  occur 
in  Newcourt's  list  {Repertorium,  i.  657.)  :  — 

"  Lib.  Visitat.  loGl.    Ric.  Weston. 
Stanhope  Pars  11.  Thomas  Price,  cl.  licentiat.  15  Nov. 
1583. 
Ibid.  Henry  Fletcher,  cl.  licentiat.   12 

Feb.  1585. 
Lib.  Visitat.  1607.    John  Preston,  A.M. 
Ibid.        1612.    John  Andrews. 
Ibid.        1637.    Henry  Goodcole. 

Jac.  Sibbald,  S.T.P.  licentiat.  19  Nov.  1641. 
William  Sclatter,  A.M.,         „      17  Sept.  1666." 

John  Preston,  A.^f.,  I  am  inclined  to  think, 
was  the  celebrated  Dr.  J.  Preston,  Master  of 
Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  "  the  greatest 
pupil-monger  in  man's  memory,  having  sixteen 
fellow  commoners  admitted  in  one  year  to  Queen's 
College,"  of  which  he  was  a  Fellow,  1609. 

"  John  Andrews,"  says  Wood  {Athena  Oxon. 
ii.  493.),  was  entered  a  student  in  Trinity  Col- 
lege, 1601,  aged  18  ;  took  one  degree  in  Arts,  left 
the  university,  and  became  a  painful  preacher  of 
God's  word  " — probably  the  above-mentioned.  I 
shall  be  greatly  obliged  if  any  reader  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  will  confirm  these  inferences.  W.  J.  Pinks. 

Tun  Glass.  —  Mr.  Hastings,  of  Woodlands, 
described  by  the  first  Lord  Shaftesbury  in  a 
well-known  character,  is  said  there  to  have  "  had 
always  a  tun  glass  without  feet  by  him,  holding 
a  pint  of  small  beer,  which  he  often  stirred  with 
rosemary."  (See  Martyn's  Life  of  Shaftesbury, 
i.  311.)  What  is  a  tun  glass?  Would  it  have 
been  so  called  from  its  being  tun  shaped  ?  Or  has 
the  word  anything  to  do  with  the  beginning  of 
tumbler  ?  W.  C. 

John  Bunyans  Chapel,  Bedford.  —  Can  any  of 
your  readers  who  are  collectors  of  prints,  en- 
gravings, or  drawings,  inform  me  if  there  is  a 
print  or  drawing  of  John  Bunyan's  Meeting- 
house or  Chapel  in  Mill  Lane,  Bedford.  It  was 
taken  down  in  1707,  and  a  new  chapel  built  on 
the  site.  R.  W. 

Lo7-d  George  or  Gorges.  —  More  information 
than  can  be  found  in  Burke's  Extinct  Peerage  is 
desired  about  a  nobleman  of  the  above  name  (his 


Christian  name  believed  to  be  Richard),  livin"'  in 
the  reign  of  Charles  I.  A  son  of  his  was'^re- 
turned  for  Downton  to  the  Long  Parliament. 

W.  C. 

Meaning  of  Motto.  —  The  following  motto  is 

appended  to  the  arms  of  an  ancient  Irish  family  : 

"His  calcabo  gartos."     What  is  the  meaning  of 

it  ?    Ducange  affords  no  assistance.         W.  J.  D. 

Angell  Cray.  —  Information  is  requested  about 
a  gentleman  of  this  name,  living  in  Dorsetshire 
in  1638,  near  Dorchester,  or  about  the  family. 

W.  C. 


Dr.  Latham's  Theory  of  the  Indo-European  iMn- 
guages.  — 

1.  Has  any  ethnologist  of  eminence  publicly 
supported  Dr.  Latham's  opinion  respecting  the 
origin  of  the  so-called  Indo-European  languages  ? 

2.  Has  Dr.  Latham  explained  his  views  on  this 
subject  more  fully  than  they  are  set  forth  in  hia 
prolegomena  to  the  Germania  of  Tacitus  ? 

Ingib. 
[The  school  of  glossologists  to  which  Dr.  Latham  be- 
longs includes,  amongst  other  illustrious  names,  those  of 
Sir  Wm.  Jones,  Professor  Bopp  of  Berlin,  and  Dr.  J.  C. 
Pritchard.  The  classification  of  many  languages,  as  well 
European  as  Asiatic,  under  one  common  bead  (and  called 
indifferently  Caucasian,  Indo-Caucasian,  Indo-European, 
Indo-Teutonic,  Sarmatic,  Japhetic,  and  Arj'an)  dates 
from  the  year  1784,  when  Sir  Wm.  Jones  delivered  his 
inaugural  Discourse  as  first  President  of  the  Asiatic  So- 
ciety of  Bengal  (vid^  Asiat.  Res.  vol.  i.).  The  most 
important  contribution  to  this  department  of  literature  is 
undoubtedly  Professor  Bopp's  Comparative  Grammar  of 
the  Sanskrit,  Zend,  Greek,  Latin,  Lithuanian,  Gothic, 
German,  and  Sclavonic  Languages,  which  has  been  most 
ably  translated  from  the  German  by  Lieut.  Eastwick 
(3  vols.  8vo.  Lond.  1856),  and  been  frequently  reprinted 
in  England.  See  also  Edinb.  Rev.,  vol.  xciv.  pp.  297., 
et  seq.,  and  Dr.  Pritcliard's  Eastern  Origin  of  the  Keltic 
Nations,  the  last  edition  of  which'is  edited  by  Dr.  Latham 
(8vo.  Lond.  1857).  For  a  particular  application  of  Dr. 
Latham's  Indo-European  theory  of  tongues,  consult  his 
elaborate  work  on  TheEiiglish  Language  {8vo.  Lond.  1850, 
Slc"),  and  more  particularly  Part  I.  chaps,  iv.  to  viii. 
inclusive.] 

John  Gilpin.  —  What  is  known  of  the  worthy 
memorialised  by  Cowper  in  The  Diverting  History 
of  John  Gilpin.  Did  he  ever  form  part  of  the 
human  family,  or  was  he  only  a  mythical  wag  ? 

Edmonton  Bell. 

[Southey  informs  us,  that  "Lady  Austen's  conversa- 
tion had  as  happy  an  efi^ect  upon  the  melancholy  spirit  of 
Cowper  as  the  harp  of  David  upon  Saul.  Whenever  the 
cloud  seemed  to  be  coming  over  him,  her  sprightly 
powers  were  exerted  to  dispel  it.  One  afternoon,  when 
lie  appeared  more  than  unusually  depressed,  she  told  him 
the  story  of  John  Gilpin,  which  had  been  told  to  her  in 
her  childhood,  and  which,  in  her  relation,  tickled  his 
fancy  as  much  as  it  has  that  of  thousands  and  tens  of 
thousands  since,  in  his.    The  next  morning  he  said  to  her 


2°J  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Ill 


that  he  had  been  kept  awake  during  the  greater  part  of 
the  night  by  thinking  of  the  story  and  laughing  at  it,  and 
that  he  had  turned  it  into  a  ballad."  This  occurred -in 
October,  1782.  The  ballad  was  sent  to  Mr.  Unwin,  and 
was  first  printed  in  The  Public  Advertiser  on  November 
14,  1782.  Mr.  William  West,  formerly  a  bookseller  in 
London  and  Cork,  who  died  in  the  Charter  House,  Nov. 
17,  1854,  in  his  eightj'-fifth  year,  relates  as  a  fact  not 
generally  known,  that  the  distinguished  personage  im- 
mortalised by  the  poet,  was  no  other  than  Mr.  Beyer,  an 
eminent  linendraper,  superlatively  polite,  who  figured  in 
the  visible  order  of  things  at  the  top  of  Paternoster  Row, 
or  rather  at  the  corner  of  Cheapside.  Quoth  Mr.  John 
Gilpin  — 

"  I  am  a  linen-draper  bold 
As  all  the  world  doth  know." 

West  adds,  writing  in  1839,  "I  had  the  assurance  fifty 
years  ago,  from  John  Annesley  Colet,  who  knew  Beyer 
better  than  I  did,  and  also  Mr.  Cowper  and  some  of 
his  connexions."  (Aldine  Magazine,  p.  19.)  Mr.  Beyer 
died  on  May  11,  1791,  at  the  good  ripe  age  of  ninety- 
eight] 

S.  John  the  Evangelist.  —  Why  is  S.  John  the 
Evangelist  sometimes  represented  in  pictures  as 
holding  a  chalice,  from  which  a  serpent  is  issuing? 

F.  L. 

[Mrs.  Jameson  informs  us,  that  "  St.  John  is  always,  in 
Western  Art,  young,  or  in  the  prime  of  life,  with  little 
or  no  beard ;  flowing  or  curling  hair,  generally  of  a  pale 
brown  or  golden  hue,  to  express  the  delicacy  of  his  na- 
ture ;  and  in  his  countenance  an  expression  of  benignity 
and  candour.  His  drapery  is,  or  ought  to  be,  red,  with  a 
blue  or  green  tunic.  He  bears  in  his  hand  the  sacramen- 
tal cup,  from  which  a  serpent  is  seen  to  issue.  St.  Isidore 
relates,  that,  at  Rome,  an  attempt  was  made  to  poison  St. 
John  in  the  cup  of  the  sacrament :  he  drank  of  the  same, 
and  administered  it  to  the  communicants  without  injury, 
the  poison  having  by  a  miracle  issued  from  the  cup  in 
the  form  of  a  serpent,  while  the  hfred  assassin  fell  down 
dead  at  his  feet.  According  to  another  version  of  this 
story,  the  poisoned  cup  was  administered  by  order  of  the 
Emperor  Domitian.  According  to  a  third  version,  Aris- 
todemus,  the  high-priest  of  Diana  at  Ephesus,  defied 
him  to  drink  of  the  poisoned  chalice,  as  a  test  of  the 
truth  of  his  mission:  St.  John  drank  unharmed  —  the 
priest  fell  dead.  Others  say,  and  this  seems  the  more 
probable  interpretation,  that  the  cup  in  the  hand  of  St. 
John  alludes  to  the  reply  given  by  our  Saviour,  when  the 
mother  of  James  and  John  requested  for  her  sons  the 
place  of  honour  in  heaven, '  Ye  shall  drink  indeed  of  my 
cup.'  As  in  other  instances,  the  legend  was  invented  to 
explain  the  symbol.  When  the  cup  has  the  consecrated 
•wafer  instead  of  the  serpent,  it  signifies  the  institution  of 
the  Eucharist."  —  Sacred  and  Legendary  Art,  i.  159.  edit. 
1857.] 

Mount  St.  Michael.  —  Where  will  the  best  ac- 
count be  found  of  this  curious  monument  on  the 
coast  of  Cornwall,  and  of  the  corresponding  Mount 
St.  Michael  on  the  coast  of  Brittany  ?  Are  there 
any  separate  works  on  the  subject  of  either  of 
them  ?  A.  D.  C. 

[The  most  complete  account  of  Mount  St.  Michael  off 
the  coast  of  Cornwall,  will  be  found  in  a  supplementary 
paper  (pp.  28.)  to  vol.  iii.  of  Polwhele's  History  of  that 
county  (4to.  Lond.  1816).  See  also  Borlase's  Antiquities 
of  Cornwall  (fol.  Oxf.  1754),  pp.  350-51,  for  a  briefer  de- 
scription of  the  same  spot,  and  an  admirable  illustration 


of  the  Mount;  and  Murrav's  excellent  Hand-Book  of 
Devon  and  Cornwall,  4th  e'dit.  1859,  pp.  191—194.  We 
are  not  aware  that  any  separate  work  has  been  published 
on  the  subject.  Perhaps  some  correspondent  will  be  able 
to  refer  to  works  relating  to  the  corresponding  Mount  off 
the  coast  of  Brittanj'.  ] 


SRcplteS. 


ON   STYLE   IN   GENERAL,    BIBLIOGEAPHY,   TYPOGEA- 

PHY,  TKANSLATION,  AND  SEVE^gf,  OTHER  THINGS, 

(^Apropos  of  Buff  on' s  popular  axiom  "  Le  style,"  etc.') 

(2""  S.  vi.  308. ;  vii.  502. ;  viii.  37.  54.  98.) 

What  are  the  true  meaning,  the  wording,  and 
the  general  import  of  Buffon's  axiom — "Le  style 
est  I'homme  mcme"  —  is  a  mooted  point,  on  which 
your  several  learned  correspondents,  now  four  in 
number  —  an  American  gentleman;  M.  C.  J.  B. ; 
Mr.Macray,  whose  name  is  evidently  Scotch;  Mr. 
Andrew  Steinmetz,  whose  name  is  German ;  and 
another  one  —  entertain  different  opinions.  To 
complete  the  bibliographic  council,  I  beg  leave  to 
add  ray  modest  French  name  to  the  list  of  the 
debaters. 

The  point  is  one  of  literary,  and  even  philoso- 
phical interest ;  and  let  it  be  said,  to  the  great 
honour  of  the  " N.  &  Q,"  it  is  absolutely  new, 
even  in  France.  Your  correspondents  started  the 
question,  and  proposed  the  problem,  which  they 
had  no  chance  to  settle  and  to  solve,  wanting  the 
necessary  elements,  and  proceeding  as  they  did 
from  false  or  inexaot  "  premisses."  Allow  me  to 
state  the  facts. 

In  the  year  1753,  the  Count  of  Buffon  was 
elected  one  of  the  members  of  the  French  Aca- 
demy. His  reception  took  place  in  the  month  of 
August.  It  was  solemn,  rather  than  popular. 
That  Monsieur  de  Buffon,  a  most  pompous  gen- 
tleman of  the  Johnsonian  or  rather  Porsonian 
school,  possessed  great  talents,  an  admirable  and 
harmonious  flow  of  language,  large  mental  and 
scientific  acquirements,  nobody  gainsaid.  Vol- 
taire's free  and  easy  manner,  Montesquieu's 
pointed  and  shining  epigrams,  were  much  more  in 
accordance  with  the  general  current  and  the  new 
desires  of  the  rising  generation.  Literature  has 
its  flow  and  reflux.  One  felt  cloyed  with  Fonte- 
nelle's  elegance,  and  Massillon's  honeyed  and 
magniloquent  diction.  Some  even  approved  of 
Baculard's  slip-shod  style ;  and  Diderot's  senti- 
mental frenzy  had  many  admirers.  A  particular 
group  of  literati  contended  that  in  facts,  not  m 
style,  resides  the  true  value  of  books  :  these  dis- 
dained all  order,  care,  arrangement,  method,  or- 
namentation, and  even  the  artistic  development  of 
thought,  as  being  mannered,  rhetorical,  useless, 
and  boyish.  Natural  parts  were  all  in  all,  said 
the  Diderotians.  Facts,  realities  and  experiments, 
give  us  nothing  else,  cried  the  Lamettrians  and 


112 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Aug.  6,  '59. 


Holbachists !  Against  the  barbarous  invasion 
Monsieur  de  Buffon  arose,  and  Scattered  with  the 
one  thunderbolt  of  his  Academic  Discourse  the 
whole  host  of  the  anti-stylists.  So  at  least  he 
thought ;  and  so  thought  his  friends  at  Montbar. 
But  the  while,  the  Attilas  and  Gengiskhans  of  the 
French  language,  the  Mercier?,  Retifs,  and  others, 
continued  their  inroads,  and  paved  the  way  to  the 
more  modern  affray  of  the  Romanticists,  which 
took  place  between  1815  and  1840. 

Buffon  was  no|y;he  man  to  defend  his  cause  on 
rhetoric  or  pedantic  grounds  only.  He  clung  re- 
solutely, bravely,  as  a  man  of  genius  could  not  fail 
to  do,  to  the  very  same  Platonic  principle  of 
spiritual  unity  advocated  by  Coleridge  and  De 
Quincey,  by  Fenelon  and  Mallebranche ;  made 
light  of  the  external  facts  and  the  dry  documents 
which  could  be  treasured  up  in  the  mind  of  man  ; 
asserted  the  supreme  empire  of  the  mind,  as  being 
the  true  and  only  source  of  illumination ;  and 
from  the  very  depths  of  the  egoite — the  '■^Ichheit" 
as  German  philosophers  express  it,  from  *he  very 
essence  of  man  —  of  the  spiritual,  not  the  bodily 
man  —  he  drew  the  power,  essence,  and  colour  of 
what  he  called  "style."  Nothing  can  be  more 
perspicuous,  more  striking  and  masterly,  than  the 
exposition  of  his  principles  as  contained  in  the 
following  well-rounded  and  marvellously  poised 
period.  I  copy  it  literally  from  the  first  genuine 
text*,  printed  some  months  only  after  his  Aca- 
demic speech  was  uttered,  under  Buffon's  own 
eyes :  — 

"  Les  ouvrages  bien  ecrits  serontJes  seuh  qui  passeront  a 
la  posiSritS :  la  multitude  des  connaissances,  la  singularity 
des  faits,  la  nouveautS  meme  des  decouvertes  ne  sont  pas  de 
surs  garans  de  Viinmortalite ;  si  les  ouvrages  qui  les  con- 
iiennent  ne  roulent  que  sur  de  petits  objets,  s'ils  sont  Scrits 
sans  gout,  sans  nobfense  et  sans  ginie,  Us  pSriront  parceque  les 
connaissances,  les  faits,  les  decouvertes  s'enlevent  aisement,  se 
transportent  et  gagnent  meme  a  etre  mis  en  ceuvre  par  des 
mains  plus  habiles.  Ces  chases  sont  hors  de  Vhomme,  le  style 
EST  i/homme  m£me." 

The  contradistinction  between  man  and  nature ; 
between  the  Egoite,  having  its  peculiar  utterance 
in  "  Style,"  and  the  non-moi,  considered  as  sub- 
dued by  that  egoite ;  between  external  facts  and 
the  plastic  power  of  the  mind,  grasping  at  objects 
and  taking  hold  of,  dominion  over,  and  possession 
of  them  ;  between  the  Objective  and  the  Subjective ; 
appears  in  bold  relief,  most  clearly,  under  the 
most  genial  light,  in  the  celebrated  phrase  of  Buf- 
fon. The  accomplished  writer  never  wrote  le 
style  est  de  Vhomme  ("style  comes  from  man"),  at 
once  a  truism  and  a  barbarism  ;  he  did  not  print 
le  style,  c'est  Vhomme ;  the  ambiguous  vulgarity  of 
the  expression  could  never  have  flowed  from  his 
correct  and  elegant  pen  :  such  is  the  awkward 
position  of  the  particle  ce  in  that  sentence,  that  it 
may  signify  two  things  at  once — either  Vhomme, 

*  Recueil  de  I'Academie  Frangaise,  torn,  xxxvi.  de  1747 
a  1753  (Paris,  Bernard  Brunet),  pp.  337,  338. 


CELA.  est  le  style,  or  le  style,  cela.  est  Vhomme, 
two  substantives  and  two  subjects  for  one  single 
verb !  Buffon  would  have  shuddered  at  the 
thought. 

At  all  events,  neither  critic  nor  caviller  can 
weaken  the  authority  of  the  standard-text,  revised 
by  Buffon  himself,  and  published  with  his  own  con- 
sent, a  few  months  after  he  took  his  seat  among 
the  Academic  brotherhood.  The  axiom  passed 
current  Qe  style  est  Vhomme  meme)  through  ten 
subsequent  editions  ;  was  so  quoted  by  the  Abbe 
Maury,  Mirabeau,  Madame  de  Stael,  and  became 
one  of  the  standing  apophthegms  and  favourite 
commonplaces,  so  dear  to  conversationalists  and 
metaphysicians.  Rapet's,  Bernard's,  Richard's, 
Pourrat's,  Duthillceul's,  Floureus's  editions  are 
unanimous  in  that  respect.  Two  only  differ  — 
Bastien's  edition  (an.  viii.  vol.  i.  p.  148.),  and 
Didot's  (1843,  vol.  i.  p.  28.) 

Bastien,  or  his  corrector  of  the  press,  commit- 
ted a  strange  blunder,  or  rather  two  blunders  at 
once:  he  wholly  omitted  the  sentence  —  le  style 
est  Vhomme  meme ;  which  words  "  tomberent  dans 
la  casse,"  as  French  typographers  use  to  word  it. 
The  result  was  a  nonsensical  compound,  of  which 
the  beginning  flatly  contradicts  the  rest,  and 
which  no  French  detective  literary  officer  ever 
until  now  denounced  to  the  competent  authorities. 
The  error  was  quite  involuntary.  For  Bastien 
himself  reinstalled  the  omitted  incise  in  its  true 
place,  when  he  chose  the  whole  period  of  Buffon 
for  an  epigraph  to  his  entire  edition.  However, 
he  managed  to  insert  a  new  couple  of  fresh  blun- 
ders in  that  very  same  quotation  :  sont  instead  of 
seront ;  quantite  instead  of  multitude. 

We  are  far  from  having  exhausted  the  annals 
of  that  single  erratic  phrase.  As,  in  1842, 
M.  Didot  prepared  for  the  press  his  new  edition 
of  Buffon's  Works,  the  gentleman  who  was  en- 
trusted by  him  with  the  correction  and  revisal  of 
the  sheets,  probably  (but  I  do  not  vouch  for  the 
fact)  a  native  from  the  Rhenish  French  provinces, 
or  perhaps  a  German,  felt  the  same  scruples  as 
the  learned  Mr.  Steinmetz,  about  Buffon's  axiom, 
which  indeed  by  the  subtle  delicacy  of  the  shades 
may  be,  and  must  ever  be,  a  very  hard  stumbling- 
block  to  any  foreigner.  He  thought,  too,  that  a 
printer's  omission  of  the  preposition  de  had  spoiled 
and  subverted  Buffon's  prose  ;  so  he  took  the  un- 
warrantable freedom  to  fill  up  the  phrase,  which 
to  his  eyes  was  incorrect,  and  wrote  le  style  est  de 
Vhomme.  As  error  ever  fosters  error,  he  admitted 
a  second  fault  in  the  text,  Bastien's  qvMntite  for 
multitude — a  vulgar  for  an  elegant,  a  vague  in- 
stead of  a  precise  expression. 

Nobody  stirred  :  Buffon  was  maimed  in  Didot's 
edition.  Tlie  publishers  of  the  following  editions, 
getting  rid,  every  one  of  them,  of  the  pretended 
amelioration  introduced  by  the  Edition  Didot, 
only  reverted  to  the  true  old  version,  and  printed 


2»'i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


the  small  sentence  whole  —  such  as  we  gave  it 
just  now.  It  flew  all  over  the  world,  and  was 
often  quoted,  sometimes  misquoted  —  le  style  c'est 
Vhomme  ,  .  .  Le  style  estThomme,  etc.,  etc.  Plaving 
passed  through  the  fiery  ordeal  of  editorial  inac- 
curacy, blindness  and  over-accuracy,  it  had  yet  to 
sustain  a  still  more  trying  process. 

This  be  the  last. 

A  writer  of  the  London  Times,  anxious  to 
quote  in  English  the  famous  axiom,  translated  it 
literally  (as  he  thought)  in  the  following  words  : 

"  THE   STYLE   IS   THE   MAN   HIMSELF." 

His  quotation  had  little  success.  It  was  not 
applauded,  but  criticised  ;  and  rightly  too.  How 
often  does  it  happen  that  the  very  words  of  a 
literal  translation  convey  to  the  reader's  mind  a 
meaning  quite  different  from  that  of  the  original 
text!  Mistranslation  here  originated  misquota- 
tion. Never  did  Buffon  think  indeed  to  introduce 
in  his  phrase  the  man  himself,  viz.  the  living  and 
bodily  being  of  man,  with  all  his  external  and 
inborn,  physiologic  and  worldly,  psychic  and 
anatomical  elements — including  even  accessories, 
gestures,  eccentricities,  oddities,  and  so  on  —  all 
which  constitutes  the  self  of  man,  the  whole 
personality  of  his  life  and  his  soul.  Buffon, 
wishing  to  inforce  the  power,  the  essential  na- 
ture and  deep  personality  of  " style"  wrote  and 
said,  "  Externals  are  not  man"  : 

"  Style  is  the  very  man." 
Which  is  quite  another  thing,  as  any  Englishman 
may  see  :  "  You  are  the  very  man  I  sought  for  " 
— "  Vous  etes  I'homme  mkme  que  j'ai  cherche." 
"  Meme,"  an  adverb,  not  an  adjective,  is  the  only 
possible  substitute  for  very — a  word  of  great  pith 
and  emphasis,  which  I  would  rather  think  etymo- 
logically  allied  to  the  K.e\tic  guerg,  and  the  Teuto- 
nic gerti,  than  to  the  Latin  word  verus.  Lui-meme, 
a  compound  adjective,  is  rendered  by  himself. 
The  difference  between  himself  and  very  is  broad 
and  clear. 

Hence  all  the  combats,  exceptions,  objections, 
disquisitions,  controversies,  metaphysical  misgiv- 
ings, bibliographic  uncertainties,  which  started 
your  correspondents ;  and  here  ends  that  little 
Comedy  of  Errors,  which  you  may  call  Everyone 
in  the  Wrong,  or  Everyone  in  the  Right,  after  your 
own  pleasure.  It  may  furnish  to  some  Disraeli, 
or  rather  to  a  Thackeray  or  a  Doran,  a  very 
choice  bit  of  literary  chit-chat ;  which  I  do  dismiss, 
bequeath,  and  entrust  to  their  own  excellent  taste, 
spiritual  care,  humoristic  whim,  and  philoso- 
phical minds.     Philarbte  Chasles,  Mazarinseus. 

Ecouen,  prfes  Paris,  2  Juillet,  1859. 


ARCHBISHOP    LEIGHTON  S    WORKS. 

Presentany  (2°^  S.  viii.  43.) — The  victories  of 
the  French  Emperor  have  been  presentany  in  the 


sense  in  which  Pliny  and  other  Latin  writers  used 
prcesentaneus,  but  time  only  can  show  whether 
they  will  or  not  in  their  effects  be  presentany  in 
Leighton's  acceptation  of  the  word — ephemeral. 
When  Sutrium,  a  city  of  Tuscany  was  besieged, 
Camillus  marched  to  its  assistance,  ordering  his 
soldiers  to  carry  three  days'  provision  and  all  ne- 
cessaries with  them.  This  enabled  him  to  come  on 
the  besiegers  unawares,  and  to  relieve  the  city ; 
from  which  circumstance  arose  the  proverbial  ex- 
pression, Eo  Sutrium.  It  is  at  present  uncertain 
whether  Eo  in  Sardiniam  will  long  be  synony- 
mous with  presentany  succour. 

BiBLIOTHECAR.  ChETHAM. 

EiRiONNACH,  in  his  interesting  note  on  Arch- 
bishop Leighton's  Worhs,  says  "  Is  there  such  a 
word  as  presentany  ?  "  Without  attempting  to 
decide  whether  it  may  be  legitimately  used  as  an 
English  term,  I  reply  that  it  is  merely  an  Angli- 
cised form  of  the  Latin  prcesentaneus,  a  word  used 
by  Suetonius  (in  Nerone),  the  elder  Pliny,  and 
other  writers  about  the  same  period.  Instances 
are  quoted  by  Scheller,  in  his  Lexicon  totius  La- 
tinitatis,  as  well  as  by  Gesner  and  Facciolati. 

Arterus. 

Dublin. 


Sardanapalus  and  Archbishop  Leighton  (2"'^  S. 
viii.  61.) — EiRioNNACH  inquires  whence  Leigh- 
ton  drew  his  reference  to  "  that  luxurious  king  " 
on  whose  tomb  was  inscribed  the  emblem  of  two 
fingers  one  upon  the  other  in  the  act  of  sound- 
ing, with  the  legend  "iVbre  ianti  est."  The  story 
refers  to  the  monument  of  Sardanapalus,  and  is 
told  at  length  in  a  fragment  of  Aristobulus  pre- 
served by  Athenaeus  (xii.  39.),  to  the  effect  that 
Alexander  when  marching  across  Cilicia  discovered 
a  tomb  at  Anchiale  on  which  were  carved  two 
fingers  crossed,  as  if  making  a  fillip  — 

poTovvra," 

And  below  them  the  inscription  — 

"  SapSaf  otTraA-Oj,  AvaicvvSapa^ov  Trais  Ayxia.Kii)v  Koi  Taparov 
eSeifjLev  ^jiiepij  juijj.  'EffOie,  nive,  nal^e,  <os  roAAa  toutov  ovk 
afio." 

This  has  been  thus  translated  by  Byron  in  his 
tragedy :  — 

" Sardanapalus, 

The  King,  and  son  of  Anacyndaraxes, 

In  one  day  built  Anchialus  and  Tarsus. 

Eat,  drink,  and  love, — the  rest's  not  worth  aJUlip." 

The  incident  is  repeated  by  Athenaeus  in  two 
other  passages ;  once  on  the  authority  of  Amyn- 
tas,  a  companion  of  Alexander  the  Great  (i&.), 
and  elsewhere  (viii.  14.),  on  that  of  Chrysippus. 
It  is  also  related  by  Strabo  (xiv.  672.).  Calli- 
sthenes,  in  a  fragment  preserved  by  Suidas,  says 
the  monument  was  at  Nineveh  (v.  SctpSw.),  but 
Arrlan  adheres  to  the  story  of  Amyntas  (Anab.  ii. 
5.),  J.  Emerson  Tbknent. 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2''d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '5P. 


TITI-ES    CONFERRED    BY    OLIVER   CROMWELL. 

(2"^  S.vii.  476.  518.) 

From  various  sources  I  am  enabled  to  furnish 
PrHURiEL  with  the  names  of  the  following  Baro- 
nets and  Knights  created  by  the  Protector. 
JBaronets. 

25  June,  1656.  John  Read,  of  Brocket  Hall.i 

16  Julj',  1656.  John  Claypole.2     JA.*6^t6t?,/  J*2,v, 
6  October,  1657.  Thomas  Chamberlaj'ne  of  \\  ickham.' 
5  March,  1657 — 8.   Thomas  Beaumont  of  Stoughton 
Grange.* 
24  March,  1657—8.  John  Twisleton. 
31  March,  1658.  Henry  Ingolsby,  of  Lethenborow.^ 
31  March,  1658.  Henry  Wright  of  Dagenham.^ 

26  April,  1658.  Edmund  Dunch  Baron  Burnell, 
28  May,  1658.  Griffith  Williams  of  Penrhyn.7 

K7iights. 
1653.   Thomas  Vyner,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  1653.8 
Christopher  Pack. 

liichard  Tichborne.  Sl,'^  (^HcrUwf-  ~  h  3<S'^>v. 
Richard  Combs. 
Edward  Ward  of  Bexley.^ 
Thomas  Andrews. 
Thomas  Atkifis. 
Thomas  Foote.io 
Henry  Ingolsbj-.^i 

Richard  Chiverton,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  1657. 
Henj)'  Pickering  of  Whaddon.i" 
John  Barksted. 
John  Dethick. 
James  Drax. 
Henry  Wright.^s 

1655.  Andrew  Ramsay,  Lord  Provost  of  Edinburgh. i* 
Colonel  William  Lockhart, Resident  in  France.'^ 

1656.  Peter  Coyett,  Resident  in  France. 
Bulstrode  Whitlocke. 

Thomas  Widdrington.  Speaker,  ^i-o  .  />   \31  »i 
JolTn  Reynolds. 

1657.  John  Lenthall.16 

Rear  A.dmiral  Richard  Stayner.^^ 

Although  Cromwell,  towards  the  end  of  his 
life,  instituted  a  House  of  Lords,  he  did  not  assign 
the  members  any  titles  of  peerage,  those  who 
were  not  previously  Earls,  Viscounts,  or  Barons, 
having  merely  the  prefix  oiLord  attached  to  their 
surnames.  It  is  remarkable  that  the  only  Peer 
created  by  him  (20  July,  1657),  Charles  Viscount 
Howard  and  Baron  Gilsland,  was  on  the  Restora- 
tion elevated  to  the  Earldom  of  Carlisle  (30  April, 
1661),  receiving  at  the  same  time  the  titles  of  Vis- 
count Howard  of  Morpeth  and  Baron  Dacre  of 
Gillesland.  Sc^  /,  i^^\.  R.  R. 

*  He  had  been  created  a  Baronet  by  Charles  I.,  16 
March,  1641 — 2,  but  being  according  to  Cromwell's  Act 
of  Parliament,  4  Feb.  1651,  which  annulled  all  patents 
granted  subsequent  to  4  Feb.  1641,  prohibited  from  as- 
suming the  title,  he  seems  to  have  accepted  a  similar 
honour  from  the  Protector. 

2  He  was  father  of  Cromwell's  son-in-law,  John  Lord 
Claj-pole. 

2  He  also  had  been  created  a  Baronet  by  Charles  I., 
4  February,  1642—3. 

*  Created  Baronet  by  Charles  II.  after  the  Restora- 
tion, 21  February,  1660 — 1. 

*  Created  Baronet  80  August,  1C61. 


ADENCOROUGH. 

(2"'J  S.  viii.  51.) 

The  question  respecting  "  Adenborough "  re- 
sembles some  other  historical  matters  of  the  nine- 
teenth century,  which  are  already  passing  into 
obscurity.  We  now  know  of  no  such  thing  as  any 
"constituency  of  Adenborough."  With  a  view 
to  the  solution  of  the  difficulty,  we  should  in  the 
first  place  bear  In  mind  that  the  year  1831,  when 
London  gave  birth  to  the  pamphlet  upon  Whig 
lieform  which  your  correspondent  cites,  was  the 
identical  year  when  a  Beform  Bill,  not  unlike 
that  which  passed  in  1832,  was  first  brought  for- 
ward. 

Your  correspondent  asks,  "  What  place  is  meant 
by  Adenborough?  "  I  would  suggest  Aldborough; 
either  Aldborough  in  Suffolk  or  Aldborough  in 
Yorkshire,  both  of  which  returned  members  to 
Parliament.  Aldenburgh  in  Anhalt  is  also  spelt 
Adenburgh  (Wright's  Gazetteer).  So  Aden- 
borough may  have  been  used  as  a  way  of  spelling 
the  English,  in  conformity  with  the  foreign  name. 

Secondly,  we  must  take  note  that  in  the  Re- 
form Bill  of  1831,  as  well  as  in  that  of  1832,  both 
our  English  Aldboroughs  stood  in  Schedule  A.  (to 
be  disfranchised). 

Your  correspondent  (citing  the  aforesaid  pam- 
phlet, which  exalts  Adenborough  above  Knares- 
borough,  and  represents  Sir  James  as  speaking 
contemptuously  of  the  Adenborough  constituency), 
asks  what  Sir  James  said,  and  whe7i.  After  some 
search,  I  can  only  say  with  your  correspondent, 
"  I  cannot  find  it."  Possibly,  however,  the  whole 
is  resolvable  into  a  mistake,  and  in  the  following 
manner. 

In  the  adjourned  debate  on  the  Reform  Bill  of 


*  Created  Baronet  11  June,  1660. 

7  Created  Baronet  17  June,  1661. 

8  Created  a  Baronet  by  Charles  II.,  18  June,  1661. 
8  Created  Baronet  19  December,  1660. 

10  Created  Baronet  21  November,  1660,  with  remainder 
to  his  son-in-law  Arthur  Onslow,  ancestor  of  the  Earl 
Onslow. 

"  Vide  anih. 

12  Created  Baronet  2  January,  1600—1.  He  was  a 
relative  of  Sir  Gilbert  Pickering  of  Tichmarsh,  Bart, 
Cromwell's  Lord  Chamberlain,  but  in  what  degree  does 
not  appear  in  any  pedigree  of  the  family  that  I  have 

13  Vide  antfe. 

1*  Knighted  by  Charles  IL,  17  Jul}',  1600.  His  son 
Andrew  Ramsay  of  Wauch  ton  [  Abbots-Hall  ?  ]  was  created 
a  Baronet  of  Scotland  23  June,  1069.  * 

15  He  was  son  and  heir  of  Sir  James  Lockhart  of  Lee, 
Knt,  Lord  Justice  Clerk,  and  married  a  niece  of  Cromwell. 

16  He  was  son  of  Speaker  Lenthall,  and  was  degraded 
from  his  knighthood  by  parliament,  12  Maj',  1660. 

17  He  was  knighted  by  Charles  II.  in  September  1660, 
along  with  Vice-Admiral  Sir  John  Lawson,  who  probably 
had  also  received  that  honour  previously  from  Cromwell. 
It  is  not  improbable  that  Sir  Edward  Montague,  the 
great  Admiral,  afterwards  Earl  of  Sandwich,  K.  G.,  was 
also  knighted  by  the  Protector. 


-l^oU< 


-^'3<f2  -h 


2°'!  S,  VIII.  Aug.  C.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


115 


1831  (Hansard,  Commons,  Mar.  8,  col.  225),  Sir 
James  refers  to  some  comments  by  the  right  hon. 
member  for  Aldborough  (Mr.  Croker)  on  the  ex- 

Srcssion  of  another  member  respecting  Tavistock. 
Tow  some  of  the  newspapers  of  that  day  report 
Sir  James's  speech  with  (assuming  Hansard  to  be 
correct)  extreme  inaccuracy.  May  it  not  have 
been  so  loosely  reported  somewhere,  that  Sir 
James's  reference  to  what  had  been  said  by  the 
right  hon.  member  for  Aldborough  concerning 
Tavistock  may  have  been  mistaken  by  the  author 
of  Whig  Reform  for  a  reflexion  on  Aldborough 
itself? 

Incredible  as  it  may  now  appear,  the  sum-totals 
of  electors  in  the  four  places  specified,  when  the 
Eeform  Bill  was  passed,  are  stated  to  have  been, 
respectively,  Aldborough,  SufF.,  about  40,  Ald- 
borough, Yorksh.,  about  60,  Knar esboro ugh  28, 
Tavistock  27  !  Thomas "Boys. 


"  Hinc  Hadenbergam  sera  sub  nocte  venimus, 
Ridetur  nobis  veteri  mos  ductus  ab  £evo 
Quippe  ubi  deligitur  revoluto  tempore  Consul, 
Barbati  circum  mensam  statuunter  acernani, 
Hispidaque  iniponunt  attenti  mente  Quirites : 
Porrigitur  series  barbarum  desuper  ingens, 
Bestia,  pes,  mordax,  sueta  inter  crescere  sordes, 
Ponitur  in  medio.    Turn  cujus  numine  Divum 
Barbara  adiit,  festo  huic  gratantur  murmure  Patres, 
Atque  celebratur  subjecta  per  oppida  Consul." 

Huetius  de  Rebus  ad  eum,  pertinentibus,  p.  77. 
Amst.  1718. 

The  editor,  to  prevent  mistakes,  says  in  the 
preface,  — 

"  Hardenberga  oppidum  est  Transisalaniaj,  hunc  autem 
morem  in  illo  oppido,  nee  vigere  nee  unquam  viguisse 
liquido  constat ;  sed  ex  vano  fortasse  rumore,  vel  animi 
laxandi  gratia,  hos  versus  efTectos  esse  facile  crediderim." 

H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 


I  presume  that  Adenhorough  represents 
"  Jamie's  "  pronunciation  of  Edinborougb.  Sir 
James  must  have  alluded  to  the  smallness  of  the 
constituency  of  the  Scotch  capital,  which  was,  in 
]o3],  less  than  that  of  Knaresborough. 

E.  H.  D.D. 


LORD   XRSKINE    AND    REV.    WM.    COCKIN. 

(2"'^  S.  viii.  25.) 

On  this  subject  the  editor  of  the  Gloucester 
Journal  inserted  the  following  notice  in  his  journal 
of  the  16th  July:  — 

"  To  Correspondents :  —  To  tbe  inquirj'  of  a  '  Constant 
Reader'  we  reply,  that  the  trial  he  refers  to  occurred  at 
the  Gloucester  Summer  Assizes  in  1801.  At  that  time  it 
was  not  the  custom,  as  it  is  now,  to  give  a  detailed  ac- 
count of  the  proceedings  in  the  provincial  Courts  of  Law, 
&c.,  and  we  are  not  aware  of  any  other  report  of  the  trial 
in  question  than  what  is  contained  in  the  following  brief 


paragraph,  which  appeared  in  the  Gloucester  Journal  of 
August  10,  1801 :  — 

"  •  Among  the  trials  at  Nisi  Prius,  before  Mr.  Baron 
Thomson,  was  an  action  of  ejectment,  in  which  Mr.  West- 
ley,  wine  merchant,  of  Bristol  (as  heir-at-law  of  Mrs. 
Pinfold,  late  of  Minchinhampton,)  was  plaintiff,  and  the 
Rev.  William  Cockin,  curate  of  Minchinhampton,  as  de- 
visee in  the  will  of  the  said  Mrs.  Pinfold,  defendant. 
The  leading  counsel  employed  bj-  Mr.  Cockin  was  the 
Hon.  Mr.  Erskine,  who,  in  an  able  speech  of  two  hours 
displayed  that  ....  consummate  skill  in  his  profession 
which  he  never  fails  to  testify.  This  gentleman,  never 
having  been  before  .  .  .  engaged  as  counsel  in  this  place, 
the  court  was  unusually  crowded,  and  the  curiosity  ex- 
cited was  amply  repaid  by  his  extraordinary  eloquence 
and  peculiar  humour.  After  an  examination  of  two  wit- 
nesses, the  counsel  for  Mr.  Westley  gave  up  the  cause, 
and  a  verdict  was  of  course  returned  by  the  jury  (which 
was  special)  for  the  defendant.'  " 

Among  the  "small  courtesies  which"  "the  two 
old  maiden  ladies "  "  were  pleased  to  value  so 
highly,"  I  was  told  that  one,  and  probably  the 
first,  was  the  curate's  furnishing  them  with  an 
umbrella  on  going  from  church  on  a  rainy  Sunday. 

I  was  present  in  court  at  the  trial;  and  for 
some  time  after  was  able  to  report  to  others  the 
whole  line  of  argument  which  Mr.  Erskine  took 
for  the  defence.  But,  at  this  distance  of  time, 
I  cannot  venture  to  restate  it  with  certainty  or 
precision.  I  think,  however,  it  was  founded 
chiefly  on  the  impression  which  those  "  courtesies" 
(continued  through  life)  were  calculated  to  make, 
—  and  was  marked  by  the  very  skilful  way  in 
which  Mr.  Erskine  proceeded  to  draw  out,  and  to 
heighten  and  deepen  the  effects  of  the  curate's 
attentions,  on  the  minds  of  the  two  solitary 
"  maiden  ladies,"  who  were  sisters.  P.  H.  F. 


"  HAEPOYS   ET   riSSHEPONDE. 

(2°o  S.  viii.  49.) 

There  is  some  choice  of  derivations,  for  both 
these  terms.  First,  for  "  harpoys,"  the  med.- Latin 
name  for  a  harpoon,  harpo ;  and  harpuis,  a  mix- 
ture of  pitch,  tar,  and  resin  ;  and  secondly,  for 
"  fyssheponde,"  vischbeun,  the  well  of  a  Dutch 
fishing-smack,  and  fysshe-pund,  of  kindred  mean- 
ing ;  —  all  supply  tempting  etymologies. 

But  your  correspondent  finds  the  two  words 
linked  together,  "  harpoys  et  fyssheponde  ;  "  and 
where  articles,  in  an  old  Customal,  stand  thus 
united,  ought  we  not  to  suppose  some  measure  of 
affinity  between  them  ?  And  is  not  that  explana- 
tion to  be  preferred  which  maintains  the  con- 
nection between  the  two  ? 

"  Harpoys  et  fyssheponde."  It  may  be  sug- 
gested, then,  that  in  these  two  terms  the  last  syl- 
lables of  each,  poi/s  and  poncfe,  mean  the  same 
thing.  Any  stated  quantity  of  a  given  article 
was,  in  the  old  French  employed  by  our  fore- 
fathers, called  poi/s,  poyse,  or  pois.  "  De  chascun 
poi/se  de  formage  et  de  bure  jd."     {Costumal  of 


116 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


C2«»d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  6.  '69. 


Sandwich,  a.d.  1301,  in  Boys's  Collections.')  Cf. 
in  Cotgrave  "  A  weigh  of  cheese  "  (that  is,  a  cer- 
tain conventional  quantity,  256  pounds).  More- 
over, this  weigh,  or  poys,  had  its  corresponding 
term  in  med.-Latin.  Any  thing  made  up  into  a 
package,  bundle,  or  lot,  of  a  certain  fixed  amount, 
was  in  med.-Latin  called  a  pondus.  "  Pondus. 
lies  quagvis  in  fasces  collata  .  .  .  .  '  Tria  pondera 
de  mostayla'  "  (Du  Cange).  So  that  ponde  and 
pot/s  mean  the  same  thing.  Such  seems  to  be 
the  affinity  of  "har/jo^s"  and  '^  fjssheponde." 

As  to  "  fyssheponde,"  then,  there  can  be  little 
difficulty.  Fyssheponde  was  a  certain  conven- 
tional amount  or  "  weigh  "  of  fish  made  up  into 
a  lot,  say  a  bundle  of  saltfish,  each  such  lot  paying 
"  temp.  Hen.  III.,"  as  your  correspondent  inti- 
mates, a  stated  "  custom  "  "  at  Billingsgate." — 
"  H&rpoys,"  ("  poys "  answering  to  weigh  or 
pondus)  was,  I  would  submit,  a  certain  amount 
or  weigh  of  herrings,  subject  to  a  similar  pay- 
ment. 

Herring  was  in  those  days  harang.  "  Harang 
ffresch,"  "  harang  soor  or  salce "  {Costumal  of 
Sandwich,  p.  556).  Look  sharply  at  "  harpoys," 
and  you  will  perhaps  detect  in  it  a  contracted 
form,  two  words  run  into  one,  harang-poys,  har- 
poys, harpoys. 

All  the  three  articles  which  your  correspondent 
specifies*  paid  "  toll '"'  or  "  custom."  Each  was  in 
transitu;  and  each  was  made  up  in  the  usual 
form  in  which  it- paid  duty.  The  harpoys  and 
the  fyssheponde  were  herrings  and  fish  (probably 
codfish)  imported  from  abroad,  and  therefore 
liable  at  "  Billingsgate  "  to  a  certain  "  custom," 
so  much  upon  each  pondus,  poys,  or  weigh.  The 
homespun  "  cadewoldes "  were  woollen  in  bales, 
of  a  stated  quantity,  each  bale  subject  to  a  stated 
toll,  when  "  brought  over  London  Bridge." 

Thomas  Boys. 


Osmunda  Regalis  (P'  S.  ii.  199.) — Having  oc- 
casion a  few  days  since  to  look  at  the  description 
of  "  Osmunda  regalis  "  in  Moore's  Poprdar  History 
of  British  Ferns,  I  there  found  at  p.  141.  an  an- 
swer to  the  Query  proposed  by  J.  M.  B.,  and 
which  I  cannot  find  has  been  at  present  answered. 
The  legend  is  to  the  following  effect :  — 

"Legend  of  Osmund  the  "Waterman.  —  At  Loch 
Tyne  dwelt  the  waterman  old  Osmund.  Fairest  among 
maidens  was  the  daughter  of  Osmund  the  waterman. 
Her  light  brown  hair  and  glowing  cheek  told  of  her 
Saxon  origin,  and  her  light  steps  bounded  over  the  green 
turf  like  a  young  fawn  in  his  native  glades.  Often,  in 
the  stillness  of  a  sunyner's  even,  did  the  mother  and  her 
fair-haired  child  sit  beside  the  lake  to  watch  the  dripping 
and  the  plashing  of  the  father's  oars,  as  he  skimmed 
right  merrily  towards  them  on  the  deep  blue  waters. 
Sounds,  as  of  hasty  steps,  were  heard  one  Aay,  and  pre- 
sently a  company  of  fugitives  told  with  breathless  haste 
that  the  cruel  Danes  were  making  towards  the  ferry.    Os- 


mund heard  them  with  fear.  Suddenly  the  shouts  of  furi- 
ous men  came  remotelj'  on  the  ear.  The  fugitives  rushed 
on,  and  Osmund  stood  for  a  moment,  when,  snatching  up 
his  oars,  he  rowed  his  trembling  wife  and  fair  child  to 
a  small  island,  covered  with  the  great  Osmund  Roj'al, 
and,  assisting  them  to  land,  enjoined  them  to  lie  down 
beneath  the  tall  ferns.  Scarcely  had  the  ferryman 
returned  to  his  cottage,  when  a  company  of  Danes 
rushed  in ;  but  they  hurt  him  not,  for  they  knew  he  could 
do  them  service.  During  the  day  and  night  did  Osmund 
row  backwards  and  forwards  across  the  river,  ferrying 
troops  of  those  fierce  men ;  and  when  the  last  company 
was  put  on  shore,  you  might  have  seen  Osmund  kneeling 
beside  the  river's  bank,  and  returning  heartfelt  thanks  to 
Heaven  for  the  preservation  of  his  wife  and  child.  Often 
in  after  years  did  Osmund  speak  of  that  day's  peril ;  and 
his  fair  child,  grown  up  to  womanhood,  called  the  tall 
fern  by  her  father's  name." 

T.  W.  WONFOR. 
Brighton. 

Shelley  and  Barhamwick  (2°'^  S.  viii.  71.)  — 
May  not  this  refer  to  Barnham  parish  (the  village 
is  six  miles  from  Chichester,  and  four  from  Bog- 
nor),  "where  the  family  of  Shelley  of  Michel- 
grove  at  an  early  period  possessed  considerable 
property"  (Horsfield,  i.  414.).  There  was  a 
family  named  Barham  in  Wadhurst  parish.  "Of 
the  ancient  family  of  Barham,  who  for  upwards  of 
two  centuries  resided  here,  Mr.  Michael  (after- 
wards Mr.  Sergeant)  Barham  gained  the  most  no- 
toriety "  (Horsfield).  Percy  Bysshe  Shelley,  the 
poet,  was  born  at  Field  Place  in  the  parish  of 
Warnham.  It  is  more  than  probable,  however, 
that  the  Shelley  family  were  originally  from 
another  county.  There  is  the  parish  of  Shelley 
(scene-leag)  in  Ongar  hundred,  Essex  ;  the  parish 
of  Shelley  {Shelli,  Shelleighe)  in  Samford  hundred, 
Suffolk ;  and  the  township  of  Shelley  in  the  parish 
of  Kirk-Burton,  co.  York  :  cf.  Dallaway. 

R.  S.  Chabnock. 

Herbert  Knowles  (2°*  S.  viii.  28.  55.)— J.  F.  W. 
is  not  quite  correct  in  his  reply  to  the  inquiry  of 
H.  E.  Wilkinson  respecting  Herbert  Knowles. 
He  left  some  poems  of  considerable  merit;  but 
which  his  friends,  acting,  I  believe,  on  the  advice 
of  Southey,  declined  to  publish.  Some  extracts, 
however,  appeared  in  the  Literary  Gazette  not 
long  after  his  death,  and  will  be  found  in  the 
volume  for  1817,  1818,  or  1819,  if  your  corre- 
spondent wishes  to  see  them. 

I  have  before  me,  as  I  write,  one  of  the  original 
copies  of  the  "  Lines  written  in  Richmond  Church- 
yard," as  well  as  manuscript  copies  of  two  short 
poems,  which  I  think  are  not  the  same  as  those 
published  in  the  Literary  Gazette. 

Is  J.  F.  W.  certain  about  the  year  of  Knowles's 
death  ?  I  was  a  schoolfellow  of  his,  and  should 
have  thought  that  he  died  a  year  later  than  is 
stated.  C.  H. 

Leeds. 

P.S.  In  the  obituary  of  The  Times  of  the  9th 
May,  1859,  appears  a  notice  of  the  death,  on  the 


2"^  S.  VIII.  Aua.  G.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


117 


3ril  May,  aged  ninety-two,  of  William  Chanter, 
curate  and  incumbent  of  Hartland,  in  the  diocese 
of  Exeter,  for  a  period  of  seventy  years.  This 
seems  worthy  of  record  in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 
as  well  as  the  more  extraordinary  fact  that  the 
incumbency  of  the  last  three  perpetual  curates  of 
Heptonstall,  in  the  county  of  York,  has  extended 
over  150  years. 

Designation  of  Works  under  Eeview  (!"'  S.  ix. 
245.  516.,  x.  473.,  xi.  111. ;  2»'J  S.  vii.  505.)  —As 
the  American  word  "caption,"  in  the  sense  of 
head  or  tide,  is  objectionable,  and  the  word  "ru- 
bric" is  only  a  suggestion  of  an  addition  to  its 
received  use,  we  may  be  content  with  the  word 
"  title "  for  the  heading  of  our  article.  Thus 
Article  viii.  of  the  Quarterly  Reviev:,  1859,  has 
the  running  title  "  Bread,"  whilst  the  proper  title 
of  the  article  is  "  [Review  of]  (1.)  The  English 
Bread- Book ;  (2.)  Rapport  sur  le  Frocede  de 
Panijication"  and  so  on  to  the  enumeration  of 
nine  distinct  works.  Filling  in  the  blank  in  the 
example  furnished  in  "N.  &  Q,"  (1''  S.  xi.  111.), 
we  may  say,  "  the  subject  is  elaborately  treated 
in  the  second  work  [enumerated  in  the  title]  of 
our  Article  viii..  Rapport  sur  le  Frocede  de  Fani- 
fication"  Instead,  however,  of  referring  to  the 
number  of  the  book  in  the  title,  it  is  usual  to  refer 
to  its  author,  and  by  name,  if  known.  Sometimes 
thus  :  "  Of  the  works  enumerated  at  the  head  of 
this  article,  the  second  is,  &c.,"  where  head  is  the 
synonym  oi  title. 

The  title  of  an  article  in  a  review  may  comprise 

the  titles  of  many  books,  but  the  same  custom 

which  furnishes  the  word  title  to  a  book,  supplies 

it  also  to  an  article  in  a  review.     T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

Fassports. — In  2"^  S.  v.  233.,  several  questions 
were  asked  respecting  the  origin  of  passports. 
Now,  without  answering  those  questions,  I  for- 
ward a  copy  of  a  document  placed  in  my  hands  a 
short  time  since  for  translation,  which  being  a 
passport  granted  by  Queen  Anne  to  her  chief 
harbinger  Peter  la  Roche,  a  few  months  before 
her  death,  proves  that  as  late  as  1713  permission 
to  leave  the  country  was  necessary  before  travel- 
ling on  the  Continent.  Thinking  it  might  prove 
as  interesting  to  some  of  your  readers  as  it  did  to 
me,  I  made  a  copy  of  the  original  document,  and 
now  forward  it  to  you  :  — 

"Anna,  Dei  Gratia,  Magnae  Britanlas,  Francije  et  Hi- 
berniijs  regina,  Fidei  defensor,  &c.  Omnibus  et  singulis 
ad  quos  prtesentes  Literae  pervenerint,  Salutem.  Quan- 
doquidem  Fidelis  et  Dilectus  Subditus  Noster  Petrus  la 
Roche  Generosus,  qui  per  plurimos  annos  sese  servitio 
nostro  addixerit  et  jam  munere  Primi  Prfecursoris  Hos- 
pitij  Nostri  perfungitur,  mala  vero  laborans  valetudine  a 
nobis  petierit,  ut  ei  libertatem  concederemus  in  Galliam 
Sanitatis  recuperandae  gratia  proficiscendi,  nos  ejus  preci- 
bus  annuentes  quo  tutius  commodiusque  iter  institutum 
tarn  eundo  quam  redeundo  peragat  his  nostris  comme- 


atus  Literis  eum  munire  volulmns,  rogandosque  duximus 
omnes  et  singulos  Reges  ac  Principes  cujusque  Dignitatis 
atque  ordinis,  Status  Respublicas  Liberasque  Givitates 
Amicos  Nostros  et  Foederatos  per  quorum  Ditiones  transi- 
turus  sit,  necnon  Provinciarum  Gubernatores  Exercituum 
Classiumque  Duces,  Prasfectos  Limitaneos  Arciumque 
Custodes  reliquosque  ipsorum  Officiales  ac  Ministros  (id 
quod  subditis  nostris  quorum  ullo  modo  intersit,  firmiter 
injungimus)  ut  praBfato  Petro  la  Roche  una  cum  uxore 
sua,  Famulis  et  Sarcinis  quibuscunque  non  solum  ubique 
Locorum  liberam  et  securam  eundi  transeundi  commo- 
randique,  prout  utris  postulaverit,  potestatem  faciant, 
verum  etiam  omnibus  humanitatis  et  benevolentiae  of- 
ficiis  excipiant  adjuventque,  ac  novis  insuper  Commeatus 
Literis,  sicubi  opus  fuerit,  communiant;  Quod  nos  pari 
vel  alio  studiorum  genere  prout  occasio  tulerit,  grate 
agnoscemus,  rependique  curabimus.  Dabuntur  in  Arce 
Nostra  Windesoriensi  vicesimo  nono  die  Augusti,  Anno 
Domini  Millesimo  Septingesimo  decimo  tertio,  Regnique 
Nostri  Duodecimo. 

"  Ad  mandatum  Serenissimse  Dominae  Reginse, 

"  BOLINGBROKE." 

It  was  countersigned  "  Anna  R.,"  in  a  very 
shaky  hand,  and  seemed  as  though  she  had 
written  "  Anne,"  and  then  changed  the  final  e 
to  an  a.  Bolingbroke's  was  a  very  bold  signa- 
ture. T.  W.  WONFOB. 

Brighton. 

Mence  or  Mense  Family  (2°**  S.  vii.  514.) — We 
have  received  from  the  editor  of  The  Barnsley 
Chronicle  a  copy  of  that  journal  of  23rd  July, 
into  which  Rainhill's  Query  had  been  trans- 
ferred. The  editor  had,  in  so  transferring  it, 
added  the  following  valuable  scraps  of  informa- 
tion, which  we  gladly  transfer  to  our  columns,  as 
they  may  be  the  means  of  enabling  our  corre- 
spondent to  trace  the  pedigree  of  which  he  is  in 
search :  — 

"  We  are  told  the  late  Mr.  Charles  T.  Mence,  solicitor, 
of  this  town,  used  to  speak  of  an  ancient  pedigree  of  their 
family  being  in  existence  and  in  his  possession.  Can  it 
be  the  one  referred  to  ?  Rainhill  is  wrong  about  the 
Rev.  John  William  Mence  being  the  last  male  descendant 
of  the  family,  as  at  the  time  of  his  decease  (which  took 
place  at  Hoton,  Leicestershire)  he  had  two  brothers 
living  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Barnsley,  viz.  Mr.  B.  H. 
Mence  (since  deceased)  and  Mr.  G.  C.  Mence.  The  last- 
named  gentleman  still  lives  at  Boggart  House  Farm, 
Ardsley,  near  -Barnslej',  and  either  he  or  his  sisters,  the 
Misses  Mence,  of  Barnslej-,  would  be  able,  if  so  minded,  to 
answer  Rainhill's  Query." 

Torture :  S.  Dominic  (2""^  S.  vii.  406.)  —  From 
the  concluding  lines  of  Bertrand  du  Guesclin's 
reply,  it  would  appear  to  be  inferred  that  S.  Do- 
minic was  the  first  Grand  Inquisitor,  or  that  at 
one  period  he  held  that  office.  That  he  was  so  is 
the  commonly  received,  but  I  think  erroneous, 
opinion.  I  should  be  obliged  if  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents could  point  out  where  I  could  find 
evidence  to  prove  that  S.  Dominic  held  that  ap- 
pointment, or  that  he  acted,  while  in  the  southern 
provinces  of  France,  in  any  other  capacity  than  as 
a  missionary  employed  for  the  conversion  of  the 
Albigenses.  Philip  Philippson. 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"»  S.  Vlir.  Aug.  G,  'c9. 


Dates  of  the  Birth  and  Death  of  British  and  American  Authors  (2""'  S.  viii.  51.)  — 


Name. 
Caleb  Colton  - 
Washington  Irving 
George  Long  - 
William  H.  Prescott 
William  Carleton   - 
Sir  Francis  Bond  Head 
Leigh  Hunt  - 
Bernard  Barton 
Tho.  Haynes  Bayly 
Professor  John  Wilson 
William  Pinnock    - 
Robert  Montgomery 

George  Croly 


Date  of  Birth 

-  Not  known. 

-  April  3,  1783. 

-  1800. 

-  May  4, 1796. 

-  1798. 

-  Jan.  1,  1793. 

-  Oct.  19,  1784. 

-  Jan.  31,  1784. 

-  Oct.  13,  1797. 

-  May  19,  1785. 

-  1781. 

-  1807. 
ri780, 

"  i  About  1783. 

I  believe  the  above  account  will  be  found  cor- 
rect, as  far  as  ascertainable  from  the  best  published 
authorities.  'A\ievs. 

Dublin. 

Ulphilas  (2°'^  S.  viii.  87.) — Ernesti,  writing  on 
the  New  Testament,  refers  to  Ulphilas  only  as  the 
translator  of  the  New  Testament  in  Moeso- Gothic 
or  old  German.  Chev.  Bunsen,  following  Philo- 
storgius,  says  Ulphilas  translated  both  the  Old 
and  New  Testament,  excepting  the  books  of 
Kings.  Knittel  does  not  admit  of  such  excep- 
tion; neither  does  Michaelis,  nor  Hug.  Never- 
theless all  that  has  hitherto  been  discovered  of 
this  translation  consists  of  the  four  Gospels,  with 
a  few  lacunce,  and  some  fragments  of  the  Epistle 
to  the  Romans,  first  published  by  Knittel  in  1762, 
and  others  of  all  St.  Paul's  epistles,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  two  to  the  Thessalonians  and  that 
to  the  Hebrews,  discovered  by  Angelo  Mai  in 
1817,  and  published  in  1819.*  See  Michaelis, 
translated  by  Marsh  (ii.  vii.  s.  31 — 36.),  and 
Hug,  translated  by  Wait  (i.  s.  129—139.).  This 
version  therefore  is  silent  as  to  1  John  v.  7.,  on 
which  the  Greek  Testament  published  by  Bohn 
has  this  note  :  — 

"  These  words  are  found  in  no  Greek  manuscript  older 
than  the  fifteenth  century,  in  no  Latin  older  than  the 
ninth  century ;  in  none  of  the  ancient  versions,  in  none 
of  the  Greek  fathers,  in  none  of  the  Latin  fathers." 

A  facsimile  of  this  verse  in  a  Greek  MS.,  pre- 
served in  Dublin,  is  given  by  Bruns  (Eichhorn's 
Repertorium,  iii.  260.).  But  it  is  excluded  by 
Tischendorf  from  his  text.  Had  the  MS.  re- 
cently found  at  Cairo  contained  this  verse,  Tis- 
chendorf would  not  have  omitted  to  announce  a 
fact  of  so  much  interest  to  Biblical  students.  To 
the  editions  mentioned  by  Butler  must  be  added 
that  of  Zahn,  4to.,  Weissenfels,  1805.  All  these 
contain  only  the  four  Gospels.       T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

P.S.  Many  words  of  this  version  resemble  Eng- 
lish, e.g.  thein  namo=thy  name,  ^^M=thou,  airthai 
:=earth,  hriggais  (pron.  6nwn'ais)=bring,  7<6j7ih= 

*  Including  small  portions  of  Esdras  and  Nehemiah. 


Date  of  Death.  Authority. 

April  28,  1832.  Notes  and  Queries,  2°'i  S.  v.  238. 

Still  living.  Allibone,  Engl.  Cyclop.,  Men  of  tho  Time. 

Still  living.  Engl.  Cj'clop. 

Jan.  28,  1859.  Athenajum,  Lit.  Gazette. 

Still  living.  Allibone. 

Still  living.  Burke's  Peerage. 

Still  living.  Engl.  Cyclop.,  Allibone,  Men  of  the  Time. 

Feb.  19,  1849.  Memoir"  by  his  daughter. 

April  22,  1839.  Memoir  by  his  widow. 

April  3,  1854.  Engl.  Cvclop. 

Oct.  21,  1843.  Gentl.  Mag. 

Dec.  3,  1855.  Engl.  C^'clop. 

Still  living.  M  "''T/k'^"^- •  ^'''^°P-' 

^  Men  of  the  Time. 

evil,  driggkith  (pron.  d7-inJdth)=dnnketh,  gaggis 
(pron.  g-ang-is)=gangest,  or  goest,  so^jYA=seeketb, 
twalib  2tJ2nf?'M?j5= twelve  winters  (Mai.  ix.  20.}. 

Grave-diggers  (2°"^  S.  viii.  39.) — The  following 
is  the  substance  of  a  letter  preserved  among  Dr. 
Rawlinson's  MSS.  in  the  Bodleian  Library,  de- 
tailing an  accident  which  happened  in  1739  to  the 
sexton  of  All  Saints'  Church,  Kingston-upon- 
Thames,  who,  with  his  son  and  daughter,  were 
employed  together  in  digging  a  grave,  when  part 
of  the  ancient  chapel  of  St.  Mary's  adjoining  the 
church  fell  in  upon  them,  killing  the  sexton  and 
another  man  on  the  spot,  and  wounding  several 
others.  After  being  buried  for  more  than  th^ee 
hours  in  the  ruins  of  tlie  fallen  chapel,  the  son 
and  daughter  of  the  sexton  were  both  extricated 
alive.  The  daughter  survived  this  sad  catastrophe 
fifteen  years,  and  was  her  father's  successor.  The 
memory  of  the  accident  is  preserved  by  a  mezzo- 
tinto-print  of  this  female-sexton,  engraved  by 
James  M'Ardel,  from  a  painting  by  J.  Butler,  in 
which  she  is  represented  as  of  masculine  form  and 
stature,  in  a  waistcoat  and  hat,  with  the  imple- 
ments of  her  business  upon  her  shoulder,  and  her 
band  upon  a  skull. 

The  sexton's  name  was  Hammerton,  and  in  the 
parish  register  of  All  Saints,  Kingston,  are  these 
entries :  — 

"  Abram  Hammerton  and  Richard  Mills,  killed  by  the 
fall  of  the  Church;  buried.  Mar.  5,  1730-1. 
"Hester  Hammerton,  buried  Feb.  28,  1745-6." 

An  original  portrait  of  the  female  grave-digger 
is  in  the  possession  of  Sudlow  Roots,  Esq.,  of 
Kingston.  For  fuller  particulars,  vide  Manning 
and  Bray's  Surrey^  i.  371.;  Bray  ley's  Siirrey,  iii. 
30,31.  W.J.  Pinks. 

Faher  v.  S^nith  (2"-^  S.  viii.  87.)  —  Faher  and 
Aurifaler  occur  as  surnames  in  many  old  docu- 
ments. (See  Cal.  Hot.  Chart,  f.  40. ;  Cul.  Inq.  ad 
quod  Damnum,  f.  360. ;  Cal.  Inq.  p.  Mortem,  i. 
116.;  also  Gorham's  Hist,  of  St.  Neots  (Suppl.), 
pp.  Ixxxil.  Ixxxviii.)  Can  there  be  any  reason- 
able doubt  that  these  names  stood  for  Smith  and 
Goldsmith  respectively  ?     Christiana  Uodierna,  of 


2n'»  S.  VIII.  Alg.  6.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


119 


S.  Neot's  Cartulary,  was  certainly  C.  Thoday ;  and 
Rogerus  Decanus,  of  the  Buslimead  Cartulary,  is 
called  in  some  charters  Rogerus  le  Deen. 

Joseph  Rix. 

Luther  and  Wesley  (2"«  S.  vii.  475.)  — 

"  Sanct  Paulus  hat  nicht  so  hoche  prachtige  Wort  als 
Demosthenes  und  Cicero,  aber  eigentlich  und  deutlich 
redet  er,  und  hat  Wort,  die  etwas  grosses  bedeuten  und 
Anzeigen.  Er  hat  Recht  gethan,  dass  ers  nicht  sebr 
kraus  und  bund  gemacht  hat,  sonst  wollte  jdermann  so 
hoch  reden."  —  Luther's  J'ischreden,  ii.  410.,  ed.  Leipzig, 
1845. 

Dr.  Koller  quotes  the  following  from  Luther, 
but  does  not  refer  to  the  book  :  — 

"  Man  muss  nicht  die  Buchstaben  in  der  Lateinischen 
Sprache  fragen,  wie  man  soil  Teutsch  reden,  wie  die  Esel 
thun,  sondern  man  muss  die  Mutter  im  Hause,  die  Kinder 
auf  der  Gassen,  den  gemeinen  Mann  auf  dem  Markte 
darum  fragen,  und  denselber  auf  das  Maul  sehen,  wie  sie 
reden,  und  darnach  dolmetschen,  so  verstehen  sie  es  denn, 
und  merken,  dass  man  Teutsch  zu  ihnen  redet."  —  Faust 
Papers,  p.  9.,  London,  1835. 

•' '  Clearness,'  he  says  to  one  of  his  lay-assistants,  '  is 
necessary  for  j'ou  and  me,  because  we  are  to  instruct  peo- 
ple of  the  lowest  understanding :  therefore  we,  above  all, 
if  we  think  with  the  wise,  must  yet  speak  with  the  vul- 
gar. We  should  constantly  use  the  most  common,  little, 
easy  words  (so  they  are  pure  and  proper)  which  our 
language  affords.  When  first  I  talked  at  Oxford  to  plain 
people,  in  the  castle  or  the  town,  I  observed  they  gaped 
and  stared.  This  quicklj'  obliged  me  to  alter  my  style, 
and  adopt  the  language  of  those  I  spoke  to,  and  yet  there 
is  a  dignity  in  their  simplicity  which  is  not  disagreeable 
to  those  of  the  highest  rank." — Southey's  Life  of  Wesley, 
i.  310.,  London,  1858. 

The  "  lay-assistant"  is  not  named,  nor  is  it  said 
whence  the  extract  was  taken.  I  know  few  books 
so  slovenly  in  references  as  Southey's  Life  of 
Wesley.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  U.  Club. 

Coals,  when  First  used  in  England  (2""*  S.  viii. 
95.) — The  conjecture  of  R.  respecting  the  early 
introduction  of  sea-coal  into  the  port  of  London 
is  not  borne  out  by  any  historiographer  of  that 
city.  The  export  trade  in  Newcastle  coals,  which 
were  the  first  to  be  brought  into  London,  dates 
subsequently  to  the  year  1357,  when  Edward  III. 
granted  his  famous  licence  to  the  burgesses  of 
Newcastle  to  extend  their  mining  operations  con- 
siderably beyond  the  walls  of  their  town.  The 
charters  previously  granted  by  King  John  (1213), 
and  by  his  son  Henry  III.  (1234),  only  permitted 
them  to  dig  coal  "  for  their  own  use,  in  the  Castle 
Moor"  (vide  Anderson's  Origin  of  Commerce, 
4  vols.  8vo.,  1787;  vol.  i.  pp.  206.  273.  340.;  and 
Northwick's  History  of  London,  4to.,  London, 
1773,  p.  61.)  Bishop  Fleetwood  also  testifies  to 
the  fact  that  coal  was  not  in  common  use  in  Lon- 
don 150  years  before  the  publication  of  his  Chro- 
nicon  Speciosum  (fob,  London,  1707.)  It  may  be 
doubted,  too,  whether  the  Fleete-ditch  was  really 
navigable  for  barges,  so  far  at  least  as  Sea-coal 
Lane,  prioi*  to  the  year  1606  ;  when,  as  Pennant 


relates,  "  it  was  scoured  and  kept  open  at  vast 
expence,"  and  many  valuable  Roman  and  Saxon 
antiquities  were  discovered.  Vide  his  Account  of 
London,  4to.,  London,  1793,  pp.  229 — 230.         /3. 

Watson  (2°^  S.  viii.  10.  94.)  —  John  Farsyde, 
afterwards  John  Watson  of  Bilton  Park,  acquired 
that  estate  in  1755,  under  the  will  of  his  maternal 
uncle  George  AVatson,  of  Bilton  Park,  Esq.,  who 
died  that  year,  and  was  son  of  John  Watson  of 
New  Malton,  and  grandson  of  George  Watson  of 
Old  Malton,  who  died  1732.  The  nephew,  then 
John  Farsyde,  assumed  the  name  of  Watson  by 
licence. 

The  grandson  of  this  gentleman,  John  Farsyde 
Watson,  died  1833,  leaving  an  only  daughter  and 
heir,  the  present  owner  of  Bilton. 

Mr.  Wood,  who  in  1813  took  the  name  of  Wat- 
son, was  grandson  of  Pleasance  Watson,  who  was 
an  uncle  of  the  said  George  Watson,  who  died  in 
1755.  Upon  the  death  of  William  Wood  Watson 
without  issue,  his  cousin,  Richard  Baker  of  Eb- 
berston,  assumed  the  name  of  Watson  by  licence 
dated  15  th  August,  1817. 

These  particulars  are  forwarded  to  "  N.  &  Q." 
to  prevent  any  errors  arising  from  the  statement 
of  H.  W.,  who  says,  "  he  believes  a  Mr.  Farsyde 
Watson  did  reside  at  Bilton,"  but  that  he  is  not 
aware  of  any  connexion  between  him  and  the 
family  of  Watson  who  for  some  generations  held 
Malton  Abbey  at  a  nominal  rent.  Genealogical 
questions  should  be  answered  with  caution.       D. 

Quotation  Wanted  (2"i  S.  viii.  69.)  —  Tillotson 
alludes  to  Hobbes  in  the  passage  quoted  by  Libya. 
I  cannot  give  the  reference,  but  the  saying  — 
"  When  reason  is  against  a  man,  a  man  will  be 
against  reason"  —  is  quoted  by  Rogers  in  his  ar- 
ticle on  Anglicanism  in  the  Edinburgh  Review  for 
April,  1843,  as  Hobbes's.  See  "Essays"  from  the 
Edinburgh  Review,  vol.  iii.  p.  77.       David  Gam. 

Halls  ofGreatford  (2"''  S.  viii.  95.)  — Will  C. 
state  who  is  Lord  Latimers,  now  possessing  the 
estate  as  mentioned  in  his  reply.  D. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

Archceologia  Cantiana ;  heing  Transactions  of  the  Kent 
Archceological  Society.  Volume  I.  (Printed  for  the  So- 
ciety.) 

Prevented  from  mingling  with  the  great  gathering  of 
belted  earls  and  blue-eyed  ladies,  learned  clerics  and 
profound  antiquaries,  who  assembled  at  Rochester  on 
Wednesday  last  to  celebrate  the  Annual  Meeting  of  the 
Kent  ArchcBological  Society,  we  were  fain  to  content  our- 
selves with  pondering  over  the  handsomely  printed  and 
beautifully  illustrated  volume  of  Transactions  which  that 
Society  has  just  issued.  We  must  say  that  a  volume 
better  calculated  to  vindicate  the  propriety  of  establish- 
ing the  Society,  by  showing  the  richness  of  the  district 
in  matters  of  archasological  interest,  it  would  be  hard 


120 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2nd  s.  Yiii.  Aug.  6. 


to  produce.  Let  us  glance  at  its  contents.  What  a  pic- 
ture of  the  state  of  a  powerful  lady  in  the  good  old  times 
may  we  gather  from  the  Inventory  of  Juliana  de  Leybonie. 
What  light  is  thrown  on  the  history  of  a  man  who 
boasted  at  once  the  friendship  of  Erasmus  and  the  jea- 
lousy of  Wolsey  by  the  Letters  of  Archbishop  Warham. 
How  well  has  Mr.  tloach  Smith  described,  and  how  beau- 
tifully has  Mr.  Fairholt  illustrated,  the  Kentish  Anglo- 
Saxon  Remains.  What  an  agreeable  sketch  have  vre  of 
the  manuscript  riches  of  the  county  in  the  paper  on  The 
Surrenden  Charters,  with  its  admirable  facsimiles;  and 
Mr.  Wykeham  Martin's  pleasant  supplement  on  the  Letter 
of  William  of  Wyheham.  The  learned  biographer  of  the 
Judges  gives  us,  with  special  reference  to  Hackington,  a 
capital  and  well  illustrated  dissertation  On  the  Collar  of 
SS.  But  we  must  not  enter  into  the  particular  merits  of  in- 
dividual papers,  where  all  are  good.  On  Ccesar's  Landing 
in  Britain,  by  Mr.  Hussey ;  Cowden  and  its  Neighbourhood, 
by  Mr.  Blencowe;  The  Probatio  ^tatis  of  TVtlliam  de 
Septvans ;  Mr.  Latter's  paper  On  Early  Pottery  found  in 
Camden  Park ;  St.  Mildred's,  Canterbury,  by  Mr.  Hussey ; 
Queen  Elizabeth  Woodville ;  Faversham  Church,  by  Mr. 
Church;  Roman.  Maidstone,  by  Mr.  Post;  Brasses  in 
Dover  Castle,  Sfc ,  by  Mr.  Herbert  Smith;  and  lastly, 
Sir  Roger  Twysden's  Journal  and  the  Pedes  Finiiim  re- 
lating to  Kent,  by  the  learned  and  indefatigable  Secre- 
tary, the  Rev.  Lambert  B.  Larking,  to  whose  influence, 
from  the  respect  for  his  learning  and  regard  for  his  cha- 
racter, felt  by  all  who  know  him,  the  Society  owes  its 
origin  —  complete  a  volume  not  only  creditable  to  Kent, 
and  to  all  who  have  contributed  to  its  production,  but 
which  will  —  to  use  the  words  of  Professor  Stanley  — 
"  render  good  service  not  only  to  Archajology,  but  to  the 
History  of  England." 

TTie  Trilogy  of  Dante's  Three  Visions.  Inferno,  or  the 
Vision  of  Hell,  translated  into  English  in  the  Metre  and 
Triple  Rhyme  of  the  Original,  with  Notes  and  Illustrations. 
By  the  Rev.  John  Wesley  Thomas.     (Bohn.) 

A  volume  highly  creditable  to  Mr.  Thomas  for  the  ac- 
curacy of  the  translation,  and  the  easy  flow  of  his  triple 
rhymes;  and  of  great  interest  to  readers  who  are  not 
familiar  Avith  the  Italian  language,  from  the  notes  with 
which  the  translator  has  accompanied  his  version  of  this 
portion  of  the  Divina  Commedia. 

Spiritual  Songs,  by  the  Rev.  John  Mason ;  and  Peni- 
tential Cries,  by  the  Rev.  Thos.  Shepherd.  (Sedge- 
wick.) 

This  collection  of  Sacred  Poetry  first  appeared  in  the 
years  1683  and  1694.  It  is  well  worth  reprinting,  and 
will  supply  most  valuable  additions  to  our  modem 
hymnals.  Mr.  Mason's  hymns  in  particular  have  some- 
times all  the  pathos  of  Watts,  with  greater  elevation  of 
dignity. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PUECHA8H. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Wren's  Parentalia.    Folio. 

DiBDIn's  TtpOORAPHICAI,  ANTICiOITIES,     4to. 

Dk  Foe's  Works.    20  Vols.  12mo. 

Romilly's  Speeches.    2  Vols. 

Wood's  Athene  Oxoniepjses,  by  Bliss.     1  Vols.  4to. 

Waipoi.b's  Anecdotes  of  Paintino.    5  Vols.  4to.    Strawben'y  Ilill. 

Webster's  Works,  by  Dyce.   4  Vols. 

Marsden's  Oriental  Coins.  *  2  Vols.  4fo.  • 

RooKBs'  Poems  and  Italy.    1830-34.    Uncut. 

Wanted  by  C.  J.  Skeet,  10.  King  William  Street,  Strand,  W.  C. 


Tap.  Opkba  ov  La  Sohnambola.    Bishop's  Edition. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Wood,  34.  Leaze's  Terrace,  Newcastle- on-Tync- 


De  Louie  (J,  L.)   on  the   Constitction   op   Ekoland.    2nd  EdI 

Dated  between  1775  and  1781. 
Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotks.    Vol.  VII.    (Index.) 

Wanted  by  WtUiam  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  40.  St.  George's  Square, 
Belgrare  Road,  S.  W. 


j?0ttccs"  in  €Qvxti]^an^tnt^, 

In  our  we.it  number,  among  other  articles  of  interest,  will  appear  The 
Laird  of  Cockpcn;  Mr.  Macray's  List  of  Wnters  in  Foreian  Quarterly  ; 
and  Mr.  Sainsbury's  Quarrels  of  Artists  in  the  Reign  of  Charles  I. 

Centurion.  JfMalone  had  not  had  the  bust  at  Stratford-upon-Avon 
whitewashed,  xoe  miuht  have  known,  what  v:e  believe  is  now  unknoivn, 
namely,  the  colour  of  Sliakspeare's  eyes.- 

Delta.  Peter's  Letters  to  his  Kinsfolk  are  generally  attributed  to 
Lockkart,who  was  no  doubt  the  chief  writer;  but,inJnsJAfeof  Scott, 
"  takes  the  opportunity  of  adding  that  they  were  not  all  the  work  of  one 
hand, 

KiLooBBiN.    There  can  be  >«>  dotibt  that  in  the  lines 

"  What  can  ennoble  Knaves  or  Fools  or  Cowards, 
Alas  I  not  all  the  blood  of  all  the  Howards," 
the  last  words  are  to  be  pronounced  as  dissyllables. 

Scrotator  will  .find  in  our  \3t  Series  {more  particularly  in  the  ith  vol. » 
Much  curious  matter  illustrative  of  the  or  igin  o/Pic-Nics,  and  also  qf  the 
etymology  of  the  word,  for  which  an  English,  French,  Italian,  Swedish, 
-Sc.  origin  is  claimed  by  different  writers. 

Mb.  Asher's  interesting  Paper  on  Shakspeare  shall  appear  ver>i 
shortly. 

A  Constant  Reader  is  thanked  for  liis  suggestion,  which  shall  receive 
our  best  attention. 

Errata.  — 2nd  S.  viii.  p.  49. col.  ii.  1. 20. /or "  Thissil "  reat/i'SThirsil;'' 
1.  22. /or "court"  rearf " covert ;  "  1.  23.  fee ." gauue "  read  "  gannc;" 
p.  94.  col.ii.  line  23.  for  "Leger"  read"  Rev.  Samuel  Seyer." 

"Notes  and  Qi;eiiii«"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Montbly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  MorUlia  forwarded  direct  from  the  PiMishers  (.including  the  IJalf- 
yearly  Index)  is  lis.  4({.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy,18C.  Fleet  Street,  E.C.;  to  whom 
all  Communications  por  the  Editor  shouZd  be  addressed. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

51  IHebunn  of  lirirr-Commmrifntiiju 

VOB 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  id.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.  187.  —  July  30th. 

NOTES  :  —  The  Lion  in  Greece,  by  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis  _  "  Molly  Mog  " 

—  Kelp  —  Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba,  by  H.  D'Aveney. 

Minor  Notes  :  _  Lord  Howe  —  Ilarry-Sophistcr  —  Errors  in  Debrett  — 
Original  of  the  Faust  Legends  —  Faber  v.  Smith. 

QUERIES:  —  Letters  of  Cranmer  and  Osiander:  Richard  Smith's  Book 
Sale,  1682  — Ulphilas. 

Minor  Queries  :  — Gloucestershire  Churches  — Dundalk  Accommoda- 
tion —  Harding  Family  _  Scutch  Mills  in  Ireland  —  Story  of  Marshal 
Turenne  —  Revivals  of  1810  —  Brathwaite  —  Sir  Stephen  Jenins,  Lord 
Mayor  of  London  in  1508  — Booksellers' Lists— Greek  Word  — Lady 
Arabella  Denny— Earldom  of  Melfort  —  St.  Patrick's  Kidgcs  — En- 
caustic Paintings  at  Pompeii— "  The  Parliament  of  Pimlico"  and 
"  The  Olio  "  —  Aborough  or  Borough  Family  —  Gilbert  Burnet,  M.  A. 

—  Othello  by  Ilauff,  &c. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  — Pandy  — Rev.  Thomas  Harrison  — 
Route  Map  of  Switzerland— R.  Roxby  and  J.  Shield. 

REPLIES  : —Dean  Conybeare's  "Elementary  Lectures,"  by  J.  H. 
Markland  — "  Andrew  Marvell's  Letter  to  John  Milton,"  by  R.  Car- 
ruthers  —  Classical  Cockneyism  —  Celtic  Remains  in  Jamaica,  by  J. 
H.  van  Lenncp,  &c.. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries:- The  Legend  of  Bethgellert  —  Medical 
Tract  by  Marat:  Marat  in  Edinburgh  —  Vertue's  "Draughts"  — 
L' Academic  FranSaise  —  Chatterton  MS.  —  De  Foe's  Descendants  — 
Watson,  Yorkshire  —  Halls  of  Greatford  —  Coals,  when  First  used 
in  England- Calverley  Family  —  "  Baratariana "  —  Rev.  George 
HoUwell  — Inn  Signs  by  Eminent  Artists  — John  St.  Lowe  —  County 
Voters'  Qualification—  "  The  Dance  of  Death,"  &c.. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 

A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES : — 

First  Series,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  6?.  6». 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  3/.  13s.  6d.  cloth  ;  and. 

General  Inde^  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 


2"d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


121 


LONDON.  SATURDAY.  AUGUST  13. 1859. 


Xo.  189.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  — Artists' Quarrels  in  Charles  I.'s  Reign,  by  W .  Noul  Sains- 
bury,  121  —Mr.  James  Payne,  by  Bolton  Comey,122_The  Laird 
of  Cockpcn:  Brose  and  Butter,  123  — I^ist  of  Writers  m  "Foreign 
Quarterly  Review,"  by  John  Macray,  124. 

Minor  Notbs  :  —  Strange  Derivation  —  Supporting  the  Clergy  —  Mean- 
ing of  Toy—  Basingstoke  Reckonings  —  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  s  House 
in  Leicester  Square,  127. 

QUERIES:- Bibliographical  QuDriea,  128  —  "Then  Pusli  about  the 
Flowing  Bowl,"  lb. 

Minor  Qukries  :  —  '•  Molly  Mog"—Patroclus  — Archery  Club  Motto 
-W.Dimond  — Tower-crowned  Arch  —  Orthograplucal  Peculiarity 

—  Donnybrook,  near  Dublin  —  Grotesques  in  Churches  —  "  The  Young 
Travellers;  or,  a  Visit  to  Oxford  "  — Heraldic  Query  —  Jaraes  Aik- 
inan  —  Sir  "Wm.  Petty's  Letters  —Dorchester  House,  Westminster  — 
Origin  of  the  Judge's  Black  Cap  —  Law  and  Poison,  &c.,  129. 

Minor  Qoebies  witB  Answers:- '.' The  English  Spy  " —  Sheridan's 
Speech  on  Warren  Hastings'  Trial—  John  Lord  Cutts  —  Gauntlope  — 

.    Cfanbury,  131. 

REPLIES:  —Cromwell  in  Scotland,  132— LeContratMohatra,byRev. 
Thomas  Boys,  133  — Milton's  Correspondence,  by  CI.  Hopper,  134  — 
Dr.  Latham  s  Theory  of  the  Indo-European  Languages,  lb. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  :— Robert    Nelson  —  Cromwell's  Children 

—  St.  Dominic  and  the  Inquisition— Moldwarp— Eminent  Artists  who 
have  been  Scene-painters  —  Hearing  through  the  Mouth  —  Scraping 
an  Acquaintance  —  Preservation  of  Monumental  Brasses  —  Fawnes 
Family  —  "  Kaiserlicher  GekrOnter  Dichter  "  —  Haxey  Hood  —  A  Pair 
of  Gloves  preferred  to  the  Bible  — Brathwaitc,&c.,  135. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


artists'    QUARRELS    IN    CHARLES   I.'s    REIGN. 

I  send  you  a  transcript  of  a  curious  letter  from 
Horace  Gentilescbi  to  King  Charles  I.  So  widely 
spread  was  this  artist's  reputation  that  in  1626  he 
was  invited  to  London  by  that  monarch,  who 
granted  him  an  annuity  of  lOOZ.  per  annum,  fur- 
nished his  house  "  from  top  to  toe,"  at  an  expense 
of  more  than  4000^.,  and  treated  both  him  and  his 
family  with  the  greatest  liberality  and  distinction, 
Balthazar  Gerbier,  an  artist  himself,  under  the 
protection  of  the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  and  who 
had  "lived  in  England  since  the  year  1617,"  ap- 
pears to  have  been  little  pleased  at  the  favours  so 
lavishly  bestowed  upon  Geutileschi  and  his  family. 
In  the  letters  printed  in  the  Appendix  to  the  lately 
published  Original  Papers  of  Rubens,  pp.  311. 
et  seq.,  there  is  evidence  of  Gerbier's  antagonistic 
feeling  to  his  Italian  rival.  He  estimates  four 
pictures  painted  by  Gentileschi,  which  now  form 
part  of  the  ornaments  of  the  Hall  at  Marlborough 
House,  at  270Z.,  which  he  makes  out  was  all  the 
return  Gentileschi  gave  for  7,500?.  received  by 
him  from  the  king  and  the  Duke  of  Buckingham. 
Beyond  attributing  to  Gerbier  great  jealousy  and 
dissatisfaction,  I  was  unable  to  trace  the  cause  of 
his  apparently  revengeful  and  pertinacious  con- 
duct. I  think,  however,  the  following  letter,  which 
has  lately  turned  up  in  the  State  Paper  Office, 
clears  up  this  doubt,  and  proves  the  "head  and 
front"  of  Gentileschi's  offence  :  — 

[Indorsed.] 

♦'  Sig''.  Gentileschi's  paper  delivered  to  his  Ma"*  touching 

M^  Gerbiere,  29  Jan.  1628-9. 

"  Maj'  it  please  your  most  Excell'  Ma''". 
"  Longe  since  I  had  many  particular  occasions  given 
to  informe  yC  Highnes  upon  some  discontentment  be- 


tweene  my  self  and  M'.  Gerbier,  wherein  I  was  loathe  to 
be  querelous  or  troublesome  to  your  Ala**®,  had  I  not  now 
been  enforced  by  this  last  occasion,  by  way  of  justificacon 
of  my  self  and  my  sonnes,  whoe  all  of  us  are  ready  to  ap- 
prove by  oathe  or  by  probable  testimony  That  whatsoever 
is  heerein  conteyned  is  true. 

"  The  first  distaste  betweene  M"".  Gerbier  and  my  selfe 
was  That  I  would  not  accorde  with  him  in  the  mayn- 
teyneinge  and  approvinge  the  goodnes  of  such  Statues 
and  Pictures  as  hee  woulde  have  mee,  out  of  which  I  was 
promised  a  benefitt,  but  refused  to  condiscende  unto  or 
accept  of. 

"  The  seconde  cause  for  not  approvinge  some  of  those 
Pictures  which  were  already  in  Yorke  howse,  to  be  of  that 
merritt  and  valine  as  hee  hathe  reported,  whereupon 
bearinge  this  spleene  in  his  mynde,  not  knowinge  how  to 
expresse  it  otherwise,  bee  invited  mee  to  his  howse  to 
supper.  Att  which  tyme  hee  tooke  occasion  to  give  mee 
bad  language,  w''*  I  distastinge  departed  to  my  owne 
howse.  Since  that  hee  hathe  toulde  a  Gent  whoe  will 
verify  it  That  whatsoever  I  shall  propounde  eyther  to 
your  Ma"«  or  others  in  this  Kingdome,  hee  woulde  crosse 
mee  in  it ;  And  the  same  Gent  informed  mee  that  all  the 
Dutchmen  had  combyned  togeather  to  weary  mee,  and 
make  mee  leave  the  Kingdome,  As  by  theis  foUowinge 
passages  may  appeare. 

"  For  M'.  Gerbier  hathe  caused  one  John  Bons  his  ser- 
vaunte  to  arrest  my  sonne  Frauncis  on  a  Sonday  Mome- 
inge  in  service  tyme  uppon  a  feyned  Action  of  money  he 
pretended  to  be  owinge  him,  whereas  no  such  debte  is 
due.  And  therfore  not  able  to  maynteyne  his  Action,  hee 
lett  the  Suite  fall.  And  this  hee  did  to  disgrace  him, 
and  out  of  apprehension  that  hee  was  not  able  to  fynde 
suertj'es  eyther  not  at  all,  or  not  very  readily,  beinge  a 
stranger,  and  as  his  servaunt  stylde  him  a  Fugitive. 
And  in  the  tyme  of  his  suite  John  Bous  beinge  advised 
by  twoe  Gent  to  desist,  both  in  respect  hee  wanted  matter 
and  meanes  to  follow  it,  hee  replyed  that  hee  had  a  freind 
whoe  woulde  maynteyne  him  with  the  expence  of  a  hun- 
dred powndes. 

"  In  a  shorte  tyme  after  Mr.  Gerbier  his  comeinge  out 
of  Italj'e  hee  caused  his  sayde  servaunte  to  arrest  my 
sonne  Marke,  servaunt  to  the  Dutches  of  Buckingham, 
uppon  a  pretence  hee  stoode  in  feare  of  his  life.  And 
presently  after  that  the  sayde  John  Bous  tooke  out  a 
speciall  SuppUcavit  against  both  my  sonnes ;  whereuppon 
by  some  advise  given  them,  and  out  of  their  desire  to 
shew  all  conformity,  they  forthwith  repayred  to  the 
Crowne  Office,  and  there  voluntarily  bounde  themselves 
to  your  Ma''®. 

"  The  sayde  Mr.  Gerbier  in  a  few  dayes  after,  not  satis- 
fied with  theis  molesting  courses  and  vexacons  against 
mee  and  my  sonnes,  caused  my  sonne  Frauncis  uppon 
New  Yeares  Day  in  the  morneinge  to  be  arrested  uppon 
pretence  of  a  debt  feyned  to  be  due,  And  gave  spe- 
ciall direccons  that  the  officers  should  not  accept  of 
Bayle  nor  lett  him  remayne  in  any  howse,  but  to  carry 
him  to  prison  and  soe  to  begynne  the  yeare  with 
Captivity.  But  the  sayd  officers  by  the  earnest  per- 
swacon  of  a  Gent  late  servaunt  of  my  Lo.  Dukes  carrj'cd 
him  to  a  howse  and  tooke  Baj-le,  whoe  was  not  un- 
gratefull  for  their  favor.  Moreover  the  sayde  Mr.  Ger- 
bier hathe  cast  out  such  scandalous  speeches  of  mee  and 
my  sonnes  which  I  doe  forbeare  (as  unfittinge  your 
sacred  eares)  to  putt  to  writeinge,  which  a  Gent  will  jus- 
tify to  whome  hee  spake  them.  Hee  hathe  besides  j'm- 
peached  my  credditt  and  my  sonnes,  in  sayinge  wee 
would  pay  no  Tradesmen  or  others  their  debts,  which  is 
most  untrue,  because  both  I  and  my  sonnes  have  given 
satisfaccon  for  all  debts  due  to  any  without  delay  or  ill 
language ;  And  that  all  my  sonnes  are  of  a  peaceable 
and  quiett  disposicon,  of  a  ciVill  behaviour  to  all,  it  wilbe 


122 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59. 


witnessed  and  approved  by  diverse  gent  of  woorthe. 
Whereas  on  the  other  parte  M''.  Gerbier  about  six 
monethes  since  offerred  to  kill  a  man  Avith  a  poclvett 
pistoll  att  the  Tower,  a  priviledged  place,  yf^^  beinge  duly 
considered,  my  sonnes  have  more  occasion  to  stand  in 
feare  of  their  lyves  by  him,  hee  beinge  a  man  of  that 
desperate  condition  to  carrj'  such  dangerous  and  una- 
voydable  -weapons  about  him  in  prohibitted  places. 

"  And  whereas  it  hathe  been  reported  That  my  sonnes 
fihoulde  offer  some  harde  measure  to  M"'.  Laneere  abroade, 
and  that  some  distast  was  growne  between  them,  there 
■wilbe  authenticall  witnesse  to  prove  the  contrary.  Be- 
cause that  Mf.  Laneere  alwayes  used  them  respectively, 
and  the3'  ever  were  reputed  to  be  of  quiett  disposicon  in 
the  places  where  they  have  lived,  which  beinge  prsemised 
I  humbly  beseech  your  Ma*'"  to  observe  the  coherence  of 
this  last  accident. 

"  On  Monday  the  19*  of  this  January,  Julio  ray  sonne 
appointed  aboute  6  of  the  clock  att  night  to  visitta  freind, 
and  raeetinge  M'.  Gerbier  in  the  Strande  they  fell  into 
expostulations,  and  uppon  some  ill  woordes  given  it  is 
confessed  thatm}-  unadvised  sonne  Julio  strooke  him  once 
or  twise  with  his  swoorde  in  the  Scaberd  over  the  heade, 
and  the  Scabberd  beinge  broken  John  Bous,  M''.  Gerbier 
his  man,  layinge  houlde  on  the  swoorde  to  wrest  it  out  of 
my  sonnes  hande,  cutt  his  hande.  Whereuppon,  M"". 
Gerbier  and  his  man  crj-inge  out,  a  multitude  of  people 
came  about  them,  and  my  sonne  was  forced  to  leave  his 
swoorde  and  be  gone. 

"  Imediately  after  it  happened  That  Marco  my  sonne 
retourneinge  home  from  the  Towne  where  hee  had  been, 
seeinge  a  multitude  of  people  in  a  shopp,  he  went  (it 
seemes  out  of  vaine  curiosity)  to  know  the  cause  of  that 
Assemblj".  And  beinge  discovered  by  M'.  Gerbier,  he 
assaulted  him,  and  drew  him  into  the  shopp,  where  they 
•would  have  disarmed  him  of  his  swoorde  before  hee  knew 
or  suspected  any  thinge,  for  his  Brother  was  then  gone ; 
whereuppon  my  sonne  defended  himself  as  well  as  hee 
coulde.  But  intendinge  no  matter  of  quarrell,  his  swoorde 
beinge  in  the  hanger  by  his  side,  he  was  willinge  to  de- 
Ij'ver  it  upp  to  the  Shopkeeper,  neverthelesse  they  vio- 
lentlj'  tooke  it  away  and  his  cloake  alsoe,  which  is  yett 
detained. 

"  Complainte  beinge  made  against  my  sonnes  to  the 
Right  Ho'"'"  the  Earle  Marshall,  thej'  were  comitted  and 
doe  yett  indure  imprisonment,  havinge  now  cont3'nued 
under  their  punishmentes  tenne  daj-es. 

"  And  this  punishment  uppon  mj'  sonne  Julio  vf"^  of- 
fended, I  acknowledge  to  be  just,  and  am  not  sorry  for  it. 
For  howsoever  the  Provokements  by  Mr.  Gerbier  his  in- 
juries have  been  great,  j'ett  it  shalbe  farre  from  mee  to 
defend  any  of  them  when  they  doe  amisse.  And  now  hav- 
inge taken  the  boldnes  to  declare  unto  your  Ma''«  this 
perplexed  condicOn  wherein  I  and  myne  have  lived  a  good 
while,  and  have  just  cause  to  conceave  that  the  Animosity 
of  M''  Gerbier  against  us  is  not  yett  att  a  Period  unlesse 
by  your  Ma*<"  gratious  favor  we  be  protected,  I  take  the 
confidence  to  make  your  Ma"^  my  Refuge,  whoe  (under 
God)  doe  relye  uppon  your  goodnes  alone,  havinge  no 
other  freinde,  and  lookinge  for  no  succor  from  any  otlier 
hande.  And  therefore  doe  humbly  beseech  your  Ma"«  to 
take  such  order  on  your  peticoners  behaulf  as  hee  and  his 
ma}-  live  and  serve  you  without  disturbaunce  and  vexa- 
con,  And  that  he  may  ende  his  oulde  age  under  your 
Ma'"  Countenaunce,  without  discomforte,  and  that  his 
sonnes  after  soe  longe  a  sufferrance  may  be  enlarged. 
But  if  it  be  your  pleasure  that  his  sayd  sonnes  shoulde 
leave  this  kingdome  uppon  this  occasion,  your  Ma*" 
within  a  convenient  tyme  shalbe  obeyed.  And  (as  in 
duty  bounde)  I  and  myne  shall  pray  for  your  Ma'«'  most 
happy  and  prosperous  Raigne." 


York  House,  formerly  the  episcopal  residence 
of  the  Archbishops  of  York,  was  purchased  by  the 
crown  from  Cardinal  Wolsey,  and  thenceforward 
became  better  known  by  its  ancient  name  of 
Whitehall,  as  the  chief  royal  residence  in  the  me- 
tropolis. Buckingham  had  a  residence  in  a  part 
of  the  palace,  which  retained  the  old  name  of  York 
House,  probably  as  being  a  portion  of  the  original 
fabric.  Many  of  Buckingham's  letters  are  dated 
"from  York  House."  After  Buckingham's  death, 
Gerbier  was  its  keeper,  and  it  was  there  that  he 
entertained  Rubens  during  his  stay  in  England. 
In  July,  1629,  writing  to  Sec.  Lord  Dorchester, 
Gerbier  says  that  be  had  "  received  no  other  re- 
compense and  livelihood  for  twelve  years'  service, 
than  an  annuity  [the  amount  is  not  stated],  the 
old  house  in  which  he  is  lodged,  and  the  Keeper- 
ship  of  York  House.,  which  is  but  servitude  with- 
out profit."  The  Privy  Gardens  of  Whitehall  are 
part  of  those  formerly  attached  to  York  House. 

Pilkington,  in  his  Dictionary  of  Painters,  speaks 
of  a  son  Francesco  Gentileschi,  who  excelled  in 
historical  subjects,  and  died  at  Genoa  in  1660; 
and  also  of  a  daughter,  Artemisia,  who,  while  in 
England,  painted  portraits  of  the  principal  nobi- 
lity, and  a  fine  picture,  "  David  and  Goliah,"  for 
Charles  I.  There  are  warrants  in  the  State  Paper 
Office  for  payment  of  various  sums  of  money  to 
Gentileschi  in  January,  1629-30,  and  June,  1631. 
He  died  in  London  in  1647,  so  that  we  do  not 
suppose  his  interest,  or  favour  at  court,  was  in 
any  degree  affected  by  Gerbier's  conduct,  and  "  all 
the  Dutchmen  combyning  togeather  to  weary 
him."  In  May,  1631,  Gerbier  was  appointed  "  H. 
M.  agent  at  Brussel?,"  which  put  an  end  to  the 
disputes  between  the  Italian  and  Dutch  artists. 

W.  Noel  Sainsbubt. 


MR.    JAMES   PATNE. 

The  Catalogue  cle  livres  pricieux,  manuscrits  et 
imprimes  sur  peau-velin,  du  cabinet  de  M.  *  *,  is 
one  of  the  richest  ever  issued.  The  date  of  its 
publication  is  1811,  and  the  proprietor  of  the  books 
described  in  it  was  M.  Chardin.  A  copy  of  it  has 
been  many  years  in  my  possession. 

Another  copy  falling  in  my  way,  I  was  induced 
to  examine  it  in  order  to  ascertain  its  beauties  or 
defects  as  compared  with  my  previous  acquisition. 
It  proved  to  contain,  in  addition,  1.  A  descriptive 
list  of  283  classical  works  cum  notis  variorum ;  2. 
A  similar  list  of  182  works  printed  by  the  Elze- 
viers ;  and  3.  A  similar  list  of  95  works  printed 
on  vellum  by  P.  Didot  I'aine  and  other  Parisian 
printers.     I  therefore  purchased  it. 

The  Avis  prefixed  to  the  first  of  the  three  lists 
furnishes  me  with  the  lines  which  I  am  about  to 
transcribe  :  — 

"  Dire  que  les  exemplaires  ont  e'te  choisis  par  M.  Char- 


2"'«  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


123 


din,  amateur  eclaire,  dont  le  gout  pour  les  beaux  Hvres 
est  connu  depuis  long- temps,  c'est  assez  faire  entendre 
que  leur  conservation  ne  laisse  rien  a  desirer.  Trente 
annees  ont  h  peine  suffi  h  cet  amateur  pour  r^unir  un 
ensemble  aussi  parfait ;  et  peut-etre  menie  ne  fiit-il  ja- 
mais parvenu  h,  se  procurer  les  beaux  exemplaires  en 
grand  papier  des  editions  anglaises  qui  jettent  un  si  grand 
lustre  sur  sa  collection,  s'il  n'eut  pas  et^  seconde  par 
I'amitie  constante  de  M.  James  Payne,  libraire  de  Lon- 
dres  triis-renomme  (1.),  qui  se  faisait  un  plaisir  d'enricbir 
nn  cabinet  qu'il  jugeait  digne  de  toute  son  attention. 

"  La  connaissance  de  cette  derniisre  circonstance  ex- 
pliquera  pourquoi  Ton  trouve  dans  une  collection  formee 
h  Paris,  des  editions  d'Oxford  et  de  Cambridge  en  grand 
papier  et  magnifiquement  reliees  h  Londres,  qui  sont  de- 
venues  tellement  rares  qu'on  les  chercherait  inutilement 
aujourd'hui  cliez  les  libraires  de  Londres. 

(L)  "  M.  James  Payne,  dont  la  perte  nous  a  ete  si 
sensible,  est  movt  h  Paris  le  2  mars  1809,  a  peine  age  de 
quarante-trofs  ans. 

"  II  n'etait  pas  moins  recommandable  par  I'amenit^  de 
son  caract^re  et  par  sa  probite  que  par  I'etendue  de  ses 
connaissances  bibliographiques.  Passionne  pour  les  livres 
precieux,  il  avait  vu  tons  ceux  que  I'Angleterre  renferme ; 
il  avait  parcouru  presque  toutes  les  bibliothfeques  publiques 
de  I'Europe,  et  il  en  connaissait  les  richesses  aussi-bien 
que  les  personnes  auxquelles  la  conservation  de  ces  ^tab- 
lissemens  e'tait  confiee.  Ses  voyages  en  France,  en  Alle- 
magne  et  en  Italie,  lui  procurferent  un  grand  nombre  de 
manuscrits  precieux  et  d'editions  premieres  qu'il  envoya 
en  Angleterre,  au  lord  Spencer,  dont  la  biblioth^que  fut 
toujours  I'objet  de  sa  predilection,  et  qu'il  se  plaisait  h 
citer  comme  la  plus  magnifique  qu'aucun  particulier  ait 
jamais  formee.  —  J.  C.  Bkunet," 

Dibdin  may  have  noticed  the  above  biographi- 
cal scrap,  but  it  is  new  to  me  and  may  be  so  to 
others.  Bolton  Cobney. 

Fontainebleau. 


THE    LAIRD    OF   COCKPEN  :    BROSE    AND    BUTTER. 

A  friend  of  mine  has  handed  to  me  the  enclosed 
version  of  the  story  on  which  the  well-known 
Scotch  ballad  "  The  Laird  of  Cockpen"  is  founded, 
with  a  request  that  I  would  ascertain  through  you 
when  this  anecdote  first  appeared  in  print,  with  a 
view  to  discover  who  "  the  Laird  of  Cockpen " 
was.  I  believe  it  is  generally  admitted  that  Lady 
Nairn  was  author  of  the  words  of  this  song,  and 
I  think  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  it  refers  to  the 
lands  of  Cockpen,  situated  about  seven  miles  to 
the  south  of  Edinburgh,  which  now  form  part  of 
the  estate  of  Dalhousie. 

This  property  belonged  in  1635  to  Mark  Carss, 
W.S.,  who  was  succeeded  by  his  son  and  grandson 
of  the  same  name.  The  last  Mark  Carss  sold 
Cockpen  to  Mr.  Archibald  Cockburn,  merchant 
in  Edinburgh  in  1731,  whose  son,  Baron  Cock- 
burn  (father  of  Lord  Cockburn),  sold  it  in  1 785 
to  the  Earl  of  Dalhousie,  whose  ancestors  had  held 
it  as  a  portion  of  their  family  estate  of  Dalhousie 
from  the  earliest  times. 

The  family  of  Dalhousie,  although  parting  with 
the  property,  retained  the  superiority  of  Cockpen 
down  to  the  year  1720,  when  it  was  purchased 


from  them  by  Mark  Carss  of  Cockpen.  They 
might,  therefore,  as  crown  vassals,  be  called  "the 
Lairds  of  Cockpen "  in  the  time  of  Charles  IL, 
but  the  actual  proprietors  of  Cockpen  at  that 
period  were  the  Carsses. 

The -Earl  of  Lothian  as  heir  of  the  last  com- 
mendator  of  New  Battle  had  some  claim  to  the 
patronage  of  the  kirk  of  Cockpen,  and  also  to  the 
ecclesiastical  lands  connected  with  it,  which  he 
made  over  to  Mark  Carss  in  1635,  and  these  may 
have  occasioned  a  dispute  between  him  and  his 
superior  in  the  days  of  Charles  IL 

There  was  a  house  on  the  property  in  1785, 
which,  from  its  appearance  as  sketched  on  the 
plan,  was  probably  erected  by  Mr.  Archibald 
Cockburn,  or  by  the  last  Mark  Carss. 

I  will  feel  greatly  obliged  if  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents can  furnish  an  answer  in  your  columns 
to  the  above.  T. 

The  licentiousness  and  thoughtlessness  of  King 
Charles  IL  have  become  proverbial,  and  his  good 
nature,  which  qualifies  these,  but  ill  atones  for  his 
ingratitude  to  those  who  suffered  foi-feiture  and 
persecution  in  his  cause.  When  he  remained  in 
Scotland,  suffering  the  rebuke  and  censure  of 
austere  Presbyterianism,  before  the  battle  of  Wor- 
cester (1651),  his  chief  confidant  and  associate 
was  the  Laird  of  Cockpen,  called  by  the  nick- 
naming manners  of  those  times,  "  Blythe  Cock- 
pen. 

Cockpen  followed  Charles  to  the  Hague,  and  by 
his  skill  in  playing  Scottish  tunes,  and  his  sagacity 
and  wit,  much  delighted  his  merTy  monarch. 
Charles's  favourite  tune  was  "Brose  and  Butter." 
It  was  played  to  him  when  he  went  to  bed,  and  he 
was  awakened  by  it.  At  the  Restoration  (1660), 
however,  Blythe  Cockpen  was  forgotten,  and  he 
wandered  upon  the  lands  which  he  once  owned  in 
Scotland  poor  and  unfriended. 

Cockpen  wrote  to  the  court,  but  his  letters  were 
never  presented,  or  were  not  regarded.  Wearied 
and  incensed  he  travelled  to  London,  and  placed 
himself  in  all  public  places,  thinking  the  eye  of  his 
majesty  might  reach  him.  But  he  was  never  no- 
ticed, and  his  mean  garb  did  not  suit  the  rich  and 
embroidered  doublets  of  court ;  so  he  was  insulted 
and  pushed  away  from  approaching  the  king's 
presence. 

Cockpen  at  length  attempted  by  cunning  what 
he  could  not  accomplish  by  plain  dealing :  he 
ingratiated  himself  with  the  king's  organist,  who 
was  so  enraptured  with  Cockpen's  wit  and  powers 
of  music  that  he  requested  him  to  play  on  the 
organ  before  the  king  at  divine  service.  Cockpen 
played  with  exquisite  skill,  yet  never  attracted 
his  majesty's  eye.  But  at  the  close  of  the  service, 
instead  of  playing  the  common  tune  used,  he  played 
up  "  Brose  and  Butter,"  with  all  its  energy  and 
characteristic  merriment. 

The  organist  in  a  moment  was  ordered  into  the 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  VIIL  Aug.  13.  '59. 


presence  of  Charles.  "My  Liege,  it  was  not  me, 
it  was  not  me ! "  he  cried,  and  dropped  upon  his 
knees.  "You!  "  cried  bis  majesty,  in  a  delirium 
of  rapture,  "you  could  never  play  it  in  your  life. 
Where's  the  man  ?  Let  me  see  him."  Cockpen 
presented  himself  on  his  knee.  "Ah!  Cockpen, 
is  that  you  ?  L — d,  man,  I  was  like  to  dance 
coming  out  of  the  church ! "  "I  once  danced  too," 
said  Cockpen  ;  "  but  that  was  when  I  had  land  of 
my  own  to  dance  on."  "  Come  with  me,"  said  the 
king,  taking  him  by  the  hand,  "  you  shall  dance 
to  Brose  and  Butter  on  your  own  lands  again  to 
the  nineteenth  generation,"  and  he  was  as  good  as 
his  promise. 


LIST  OF  WRITERS  IN  "  FOREIGN  QUARTERLY  RE- 
VIEW," VOLS.  I. XIV.,  A  CONTRIBUTION  TO  LI- 
TERARY   HISTORY. 

Vol.  I.  Xo.  1.  Art.    1.  R.  Southey,  Esq. 

2.  Sir  W.  Scott. 

3.  Rev.  G.  Gleig. 

4.  —  Mac  Naughten,  Esq.,  Calcutta. 

5.  G.  Moir,  Esq.,  Edinburgh. 

6.  W.  Maginn,  Esq. 

7.  Dr.  R.  Ferguson. 

8.  E.  P.  Gillies,  Esq. 

9.  Dr.  Ant.  Todd  Tliomson. 

10.  Dr.   Statele,  and  J.  G.  Cochrane, 

Esq. 

11.  A.Vieusseux,  Esq. 

[The  Miscellaneous  Literary  Intelligence  was  chiefly 
drawn  up,  from  1827  till  1834,'by  Mr.  John  Macraj'.] 

No.  2.j^rt.  1.  J.  Merivale,  Junr,  Esq.,  Oriel. 

2.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

3.  Dr.  R.  Ferguson. 

4.  T.  Hodgkin,  Esq. 

0.  B.  Keene,  Esq.,  Barrister-at-Law. 

G.  Dr.  (novf  Sir  D.)  Brewster. 

7.  W.  Taylor,  Esq.,  Norwich. 

8.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

9.  C.  Maclaren,  Esq. 

10.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

11.  Rev.  Hugh  James  Rose. 

12.  R.  P.  Gillies,  Esq. 

13.  J.  G.  Cochrane  and  VV.  Smirnove, 

Esqrs. 

14.  Rev.T.  J.  Hussey. 

15.  R.  P.  Gillies,  Esq. 
Vol.  II.  No.  3.  .\rt.    1.  R.  Chenevix,  Esq 

2.  Mrs.  Busk. 

3.  S.  D.  Whitehead,  Esq. 

4.  J.  H.  Merivale,  Esq. 

5.  Dr.  (now  Sir  John)  Bowring. 

6.  James  Murray,  Esq.  (one  of  the 
editors  of  The  Times.) 

7.  Thos.  Keightley,  Esq. 

8.  W.  D.  Cooley,  Esq. 

9.  Rev.  Hugh  J.  Rose. 

10.  Sir  W.Scott. 

11.  Leitch  Ritchie,  Esq. 

12.  Dr.  Ferguson. 

13.  W.  Taylor,  Esq.,  Norwich. 

14.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

15.  J.  Jlacray. 

16.  T.  Hodgkin,  Esq. 

17.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 


Vol.  II.  No.  3.  Art.  18.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

19.  R.  P.  Gillies,  Esq. 

20.  J.  G. 'Cochrane,  Esq. 

21.  Rev.  T.  Hartwell  Home. 

22 — 4.  Dr.  De  Santis,  translated  and 
revised  by  J.  G.  C. 

25.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 
No.  4.  Art.  1.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

2.  Rev.  G.    Waddington,  Trin.  Col. 
Cambridge. 

3.  Don  Telesfero  de  Trueba  y  Cosio. 

4.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

5.  Rev.  Henry  J.  Rose. 

6.  Capt.  Monk  (Translator  of  "  Son- 
nini's  Travels.") 

7.  L.  Ritchie,  Esq. 

8.  S.  D.  Whitehead,  Esq. 

9.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

10.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

11.  R.  P.  Gillies,  Esq.      . 

12.  Capt.  Staniforth. 

13.  Dr.  T.  Young. 

14.  Dr.  De  Santis. 

15.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

16 — 18.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

19.  L.  Ritchie,  Esq. 

20.  Dr.  Ferguson. 

21.  T.  Hodgkin,  Esq. 

22.  John  Macrav. 

23.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 
24 — 5.  Dr.  Ferguson. 

26.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 
Vol.  III.  No.  5.  Art.    1.  W.  D.  Cooley,  Esq. 

2.  Dr.  J.  Bowring. 

3.  J.  Merivale,  Junr.,  Esq. 

4.  Henry  Roscoe,  Esq. 

5.  Thos.  Galloway,  Esq. 

6.  J.  D.  Whitehurst,  Esq. 

7.  Dr.  R.  Ferguson. 

8.  Rev.  H.  Drury,  Harrow. 

9.  Henry  Southern,  Esq. 

10.  Mrs.  Busk. 

11.  Moore,  Esq. 

12.  Rev.  T.  H.  Home. 

13.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

14.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussey. 

15.  S.  D.  Whitehead,  Esq. 

16.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

17.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 
18—19.  R.  P.  Gillies,  Esq. 

20.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

21.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

No.  6.  Art.  1.  John  Ward,  Esq.  (son  of  J.  Ward, 
Esq.,  Inspector  of  Customs.) 

2.  Charles  McKenzie,  Esq.  (late  Con- 
sul at  Hayti). 

3.  J.  H.  Merivale,  Esq. 

4.  A  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

5.  Edw.  Holmes,  Esq.  (Prof,  of  Mu- 
sic, Islington). 

6.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

7.  Mrs.  Busk. 

8.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

9.  Dr.  J.  Bowring. 

10.  C.  Maclaren,  Esq. 

11.  J.  R.  M'Culloch,  Esq. 

12.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

13.  Mrs.  (Anon.) 

14.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussey. 
15—16.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 
17.  John  Macray. 

18—19.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 


2"<i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


125 


Vol.  III.  No.  6.  Art.  20. 

21, 
22. 

Vol.  IV.  Xo.  7.  Art.  1. 

2, 

3. 

4, 

6. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9, 
10. 
11. 
12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
N.X  8.  Art.  1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 

12. 
13. 
14. 
15. 
16. 
17. 
18- 
20. 

Vol.  V.  No.  9.  Art.  1. 
2. 
3. 


4. 
5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 
10. 
11. 

12. 
13. 

14. 
15. 
16, 
17. 
18. 
IP. 
Xo.  10.  Art,  1. 
2. 


H.  E.  Lloyd,  Esq.  (Foreigu  Post 
Office). 
.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

J.  Macray  and  J.  G.  Cochrane. 
.  H.  Hallam,  Esq. 
,  Dr.  J.  Bowring. 

S.  D.  Whitehurst,  Esq. 
.  T.  Keightle3',  Esq. 

Leitch  Kitchie,  Esq. 
,  C.  Mackenzie,  Esq. 
,  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

W.  D.  Cooler,  Esq. 
,  Rev.  Hugh  J.  Rose. 
,  H.  Southern,  Esq, 

Rev.  T.  H.  Home. 

Rev.  T.  J.  Husse\-. 

Mrs.  Busk. 

A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

Rev.  T.  J.  Hussey. 

Sir  W.  Scott. 

E.  Holmes,  Esq. 
Dr.  James  Brown. 
Chas.  Barker,  Esq. 

J.  R.  M'CuUoch,  Esq. 
Mrs.  Busk. 
Rev.  Hugh  J.  Rose. 
W.  D.  Coolej",  Esq. 
L.  Ritchie,  Esq. 
T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

F.  Prandi,  Esq.  (ex-Military  Offi- 
cer of  Ital.  Army). 

Rev.  T.  H.  Home. 
Mrs.  Busk. 
L.  Ritchie,  Esq. 
W.  D.  Coole.v,  Esq. 

G.  Moir,  Esq. 
Mrs.  Busk. 

—19.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

H.  Lloyd,  Esq.  (Foreign  Post 
Office). 

H.  Southern,  Esq. 

G.  Moir,  Esq. 

J.  R.  M«Culloch,  Esq.  (principally 
from  the  communication  of  Mr. 
Buchanan,  a  commercial  traveller). 

L.  Ritchie,  Esq. 

George  Long,  Esq.  (Greek  Prof., 
London  University). 

A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

J.  Conder,  Esq. 

T.  Keightle„v,  Esq. 

Dr.  J.  Bowring. 

T.  Galloway,  Esq. 

T.  Jefferson  Hogg,  Esq.  (Barris- 
ter). 

laKOTOs  £6  MopavLa, 

Sir  J.  Mackintosh. 

A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

Mrs.  Busk. 

L.  Ritchie,  Esq. 

A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

Mrs.  Busk. 

H.  Southern,  Esq. 

John  Ward,  Esq. 

C.  Lj'ell,  Esq.  of  Kinnordy  (re- 
vised by  F.  Prandi,  Esq.). 

G.  Cornewall  Lewis,  Esq.  (now  Rt. 
Hon.  Sir  G.  C.  L.,  Bart.). 

T.  Prandi,  Esq. 

J.  A.  St.  John,  Esq. 

H.  Southern,  Esq. 

Don  Antonio  Galiano  (ex-Mem- 


ber of  the  Span.  Cortes,  Prof, 
of  Span,  in  the  London  Univ. 
Vol.  V.  Xo.  10.  Art.  8.  Thos,  J.  Hogg,  Esq. 

9.  James   Bacon,    Esq.,    Barrister 
Authorof  "  Hist,  of  Francis  L") 

10.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

11.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

12.  laKOTTOs  £e  Mopavio. 

13.  Dr.  John  Bowring. 

14.  Rev.  T.  H.  Home. 

15.  Don  Antonio  Galiano. 

16.  Mrs.  Busk. 

17.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

18.  Rev.  T.  H.  Hussev. 
Vol.  VI.  Xo.  11.  Art.    1.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

2.  Dr.  Bowring. 

3.  Rev.  J.  J.  Hen  slow. 

4.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussey. 

5.  Mrs.  Busk. 

6.  G.  C.  Lewis,  Esq. 

7.  Thos.  Campbell  Robertson,  Esq. 

8.  Swann,  Esq. 

9.  Edw.  Holmes,  Esq. 

10.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

11.  G.  C.  Lewis,  Esq. 

12.  Mrs.  Busk. 

13.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussey. 

14.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

15.  F.  Prandi,  Esq. 
16—17.  Rev.  T.  H.  Home. 

No.  12.  Art.    1.  P.  Fraser  Tytler,  Esq.,  Author  of 
the  "  Hist,  of  Scotland." 

2.  G.  C.  Lewis,  Esq. 

3.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

4.  G.  Austin,  Esq.,  brother  of  Prof. 

of  Jurisp.  in  London  Univer. 

5.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussev. 

6.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

7.  G.  C.  Lewis,  Esq. 

8.  John  AVard,  Esq. 

9.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 
10—12.  Mrs.  Busk. 

13.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussej^ 

14.  T.  Hodgkin,  Esq. 

15 — 16.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 
17.  Dr.  John  Bowring. 

Vol.  VII.  No.  13.  Art.    1.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

2.  G.  C.  Lewis,  Esq. 

3.  Dr.  J.  Conolly,  Prof,  of  Med.  in 

London  University. 

4.  Wm.  Daunej',  Esq.,  Advocate. 

5.  H.  J.  Hogg,  Esq. 

6.  J.  R.  M«Culloch,  Esq. 

7.  Mrs.  Busk. 

8.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

9.  G.  C.  Lewis,  Esq. 

10.  Henry  Tufnell,  Esq.,  co -trans- 

lator of  MuUer's  "  Dorians." 

11.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

12.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

13.  G.  C.  Lewis,  Esq. 
14—15.  Mrs.  Busk. 

16.  Edw.  Holmes,  Esq. 

17.  Dr.  John  Bowring. 

18.  (?) 

Xo.  14.  Art.    1.  T.  Galloway,  Esq. 

2.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

3.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

4.  J.  R.  M<=Culloch,  Esq. 

5.  J.   Stevenson,    Esq.,  Berwick, 

(now  Rev.  J.  S.) 


126                                     NOTES  AND  QUERIES.              [2««>  ?.  viii.  Aug.  13. '5&. 

Vol.  VII.  No.  18.  Art.   6.  Geo.  Taylor,  Esq.,  Walton-le- 

Vol. 

IX.  No.  18.  Art.    8.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

Weir. 

9.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

7.  Edw.  Tufnell,  Esq. 

10.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

8.  W.  H.  Leeds,  Esq. 

11.  J.  R.  M<=Culloch,  Esq. 

9.  Dr.  David  Irving,  Librarian  to 

12.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

Faculty  of  Advs.,  Ediuburgli. 

13—14.  J.  Ward,  Esq. 

10.  W.  Daunev,  Esq. 

15.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussev. 

11.  S.  D.  Whitehead,  Esq. 

16.  Mrs.  Busk. 

12.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

17.  C?) 

13— U.  Mrs.  Busk. 

18.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

15.  H.    Belinaye,    Esq.,    surgeon, 

19.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

Berners  Street. 

Vol. 

X.  No.  19.  Art.    1.  T.  Carlyle,  Esq. 

16.  Mrs.  Busk, 

2.  T.  Galloway,  Esq. 

17.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

3.  Right  Hon.  T.  P.  Courtenav. 

Vol.  YIII.  No.  15.  Art.  1.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

4.  Dr.  W.  Cooke  Tavlor. 

2.  Right   H[on.    Thos.   Peregrine 

5.  T.  H.  Lister,  Esq.' 

Courtenay,  M.P.,  Ex-Secre- 

G. G.  Cornewall  Lewis,  Esq. 

tary  of  Board  of  Control,  &c. 

7.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

3.  Dr.  Bowring. 

8.  W.  D.  Coolev,  Esq. 

4.  Thos.  Keightlev,  Esq. 

9.  Mrs.  Busk.  ' 

5.  W.  H.  Leeds,  Esq. 

10.  (?) 

6.  G.  Cornewall  Lewis,  Esq. 

11.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

7.  Dr.  James  Brown. 

12—13.  Mrs.  Busk, 

8.  Edw.  Tufnell,  Esq. 

14.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

9'.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

15.  H.  Belinave,  Esq. 

10.  Dr.    'Ihos.    Banfield    of  Got- 

No.  20.  Art.    1.  T.  H.  Lister,  Esq. 

tingen,    translator    of  "W. 

2.  (?) 

Tell." 

3.  J.  M.  Kemble,  Esq. 

Notice  to  Correspondents,  G.  C. 

4 — 5.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

LeAvis,  Esq. 

G.  Mrs.  Busk. 

11.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

7.  J.  Scott  Russell,  Esq. 

12—14.  Mrs.  Busk. 

8.  Arthur  Hallam,    Esq.   (son  of 

No.  1&.  Art.    1.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

H.  Hallam,  Esq.) 

2.  T.  Galloway,  Esq. 

9.  II.  Southern,  Esq. 

3.  R.   A.  Roebuck,  Esq.,  Gray's 

10.  W.  D.  Coolev,  Esq. 

Inn. 

11.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

4.  T.  Carlyle,  Esq. 

12.  Rev.  T.  H.  Home. 

5.  Right  Hon.  T.  P.  Courtenav. 

13—14.  Mrs.  Busk. 

G.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

Vol. 

XL  No.  21,  Art,    1.  —  Mark,  Esq. 

7.  Edw.  Holmes,  Esq. 

2.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

8.  Dr.  James  Copland,  editor  of 

3.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

"  ]Med.  Repository,"  &c. 

4.  Chas.  Buller,  Esq.,  Jun.  M.P. 

9—10.  Rev.  T.  H.  Home. 

6.  Dr.  Henry  Wheaton,  American 

11.  Mrs.  Busk.  ' 

Minister  at  Copenhagen. 

12.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

6.  Rt.  Hon.  T.  P.  Courtenay. 

13.  Mrs.  Busk. 

7.  A  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

14.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

8.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

15.  Rev.  T.  J.  Hussey. 

9—10.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

Vol.  IX.  No.  17.  Art.    1.  H.  Southern,  Esq. 

11.  A  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

2.  Dr.  J.  Bowring. 

12.  Jlrs.  W.  Busk. 

3.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

13.  J.  M.  Kemble,  Esq. 

4.  T.  Grimes,  Esq.,  Colchester  (a 

14.  John  Ward.  Esq. 

Quaker). 

15—16.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

5.  Mrs.  Busk. 

No.  22.  Art.    1.  T.  Carl  vie,  Esq. 

6.  Dr.  James  Browne. 

2.  Dr.  W.' Cooke  Tavlor. 

7.  T.  Galloway,  Esq. 

3.  Prof.  Henslow. 

8.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

4.  W.  H.  Leeds,  Esq. 

9.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

5.  J.  R.  M<;Culloch,  Esq, 

10.  W.  H.  Leeds,  Esq. 

6.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

11.  C.  C.  de    Pollon,  Copenhagen, 

7.  John  Ward,  Esq. 

editor  of  the  "  Danske  Bie." 

8.  Dr.  W.C.  Tavlor. 

12.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

9.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

13.  Mrs.  Busk. 

■       10.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

14.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

11.  T.  Galloway,  Esq. 

15.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

12—13.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

No.  18.- Art.    1.  Right  Hon.  T.  P.  Courtenay. 

14.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

2.  Chas.  Buller,  Jun.,  Esq. 

15.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

3.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

Vol. 

XII.  No.  23.  Art.    1.  T.  Galloway.  Esq. 

4.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

2.  (?) 

5.  Dr.  D.  Irving. 

3.  II.  Southern,  Esq. 

G.  W.  H.  Leeds,  Esq.  * 

4.  Abram  Hayward,  Esq. 

7.  Mrs.  Busk. 

5.  Dr.  John  Conolly. 

2"^  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


127 


Vol.  XII.  Xo.  23.  Art.    C.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 

7.  H.  Belleiiden  Ker,  Esq. 

8.  W.  J.  Thorns,  ]i:sq. 

9.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

10.  Thos.  J.  Lister,  Esq. 

11.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 
12—13.  M*s.  W.  Busk. 

14.  (?) 

15.  A.  Vieiisseux,  Esq. 
Xo,  24.  Art.    1.  Mrs.  Austin. 

2.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

3.  P.  H.  Lister,  Esq. 

4.  J.  Culliuiore,  Esq. 

5.  Mrs.  W.  Busk, 
C.  G.  Moir,  Esq. 

7.  Dr.  Percy  B.  Lord. 

(A  most  amiable  and  pro- 
mising young  Irishman ;  after- 
wards killed  in  India  in  an 
affray  with  the  natives.) 

8.  (?). 

9.  C.  Buller,  jun.,  Esq. 

10.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

11.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

12.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

13.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

Vol.  XIII.  Xo.  25.  Art.  1.  Kt.  Hon.  T.  P.  Courtenaj'. 

2.  Archd.  Alison,  Esq.  (now  Sir 

A.  A.,  Bt.,  the  Historian). 

3.  Dr.  David  Irving. 

4.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

5.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

6.  George  Taylor,  Esq ,  (father  of 

Henry  T.,  Esq.,  author  of 
"  Philip  von  Artevelde," 
&c.) 

7.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

8.  Edw.  Villiers,  Esq. 

Xo.  2G.  Art,  1.  Edmund  W.  Head,  Esq.  (now 
Sir  E.  \V.  H.,  Bart.) 

2.  Prof.  J.  P.  Nichol,  Glasgow. 

3.  S.  D.  Whitehead,  Esq. 

4.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

5.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

6.  (?)  . 

7.  Mrs.  Austin. 

8.  (?) 

9.  Humphry  Devereux,  Esq.  (son 

of  Lord  Hereford). 

10.  (?) 

11.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

12.  W.  J.  Thoms,"Esq. 

13.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

14.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq.,  and  J.  G. 

Cochrane,  Esq. 
Vol.  XIV.  No.  27.  Art.  1.  T.  H.  Lister,  Esq. 

2.  Herman  Merivale,  Esq.,  Prof. 

of  Polit.  Econ.  Oxford. 

3.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

4.  W.  H.  Leeds,  Esq. 

5.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

6.  A.  Hayv.-ard,  Esq. 

7.  W.  J.  Thorns,  Esq. 

8.  G.  Austin,  Esq. 

9.  T.  Keightley,  Esq. 
10.  J.  G.  Cochrane,  Esq. 

Xo.  28.  Art.  1.  Herman  Merivale,  Esq. 

2.  Mrs.  Busk. 

3.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

4.  Dr.  J.  Conollv. 

5.  Dr.  VV.  C.  Taj-lor. 

6.  John  Crawfurd,  Esq. 


Vol.  XIV.  Xo,  28.  Art.  7.  Mrs.  Busk. 

8.  Dr.  Friedlander,  of  Dorpat. 

9.  Mrs.  W.  Busk. 

10.  A.  Vieusseux,  Esq. 

11.  —  Pote,  Esq. 

12.  VV,  J.  Thorns,  Esq. 

13.  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 

It  was  originally  intended  that  Mr,  R,  P.  Gil- 
lies should  be  the  editor  of  the  F.  Q,  R. ;  but 
other  occupations  having  prevented  that  gentle- 
man from  devoting  adequate  time  and  attention 
to  the  arduous  duties  connected  vrith  a  new  pe- 
riodical from  which  so  much  was  expected,  Mr. 
Cochrane  (who  combined,  in  no  ordinary  degree, 
the  necessary  tact  and  talent),  stepped  forward, 
and  saved  the  infant  periodical  from  threatened 
delay  and  difficulty,  Mr,  Cochrane,  afterwards 
Librarian  to  the  London  Library,  was  at  that 
time  the  active  manager  of  Messrs.  Treuttel  & 
WUrtz's  foreign  bookselling  house,  who  had  un- 
dertaken to  publish  the  Review ;  and  the  writer 
of  this  was  associated  with  him  for  many  years 
in  the  same  firm.  John  Macbay. 

Oxford. 


Minax  '^atei, 

Slrange  Derivation.  —  The  following  strange 
derivation  presents  an  amusing  specimen  of  eccle- 
siastical assumption  in  days  of  old :  — 

"  The  Schoolmen  (a  modest  race,  all  Clergymen.) 
thought  it  was  doing  the  laj'men  too  much  honour  to  de- 
rive their  name  from  Aaos,  populus.  It  suited  their  no- 
tions better  to  deduce  it  from  Aaa«,  lapis,  a  stone.  Take, 
for  instance,  a  few  things  advanced  on  this  subject  by 
some  celebrated  doctors,  as  quoted  by  Altensfaig  in  his 
Lexicon  Theologkiim :  '  Capitur  Clericus  pro  viro  docto, 
scientifico,  perito,  scientia  pleno,  repleto  et  experto. 
E  contra,  Laicus  capitur  pro  viro  indocto,  imperito,  in- 
sipiente  et  lapideo.  Unde  laicus  dicitur  a  Aaas  Graece, 
quod  est  lapis  Latin^.'  " — Campbell's  Ecclesiastical  Hist, 
Lecture  ix. 

Fbancis  Tkench. 

Islip. 

Svpporting  the  Clergy.  —  In  1662,  the  inhabit- 
ants of  Eastham,  Barnstable  County,  Massa- 
cliussetts,  resolved  in  town  meeting  that  a  part 
of  every  whale  cast  on  shore  should  be  appro- 
priated for  the  support  of  the  ministry.  Uneda. 
Philadelphia. 

Meaning  of  Toy.  —  The  word  toy,  I  suppose,  is 
now  restricted  to  one  meaning,  viz.  a  plaything,  I 
know  not  when  its  other  meanings  fell  into  disuse. 
I  see  it  defined  as  "  humour,  an  odd  fancy."  In 
this  sense  it  was  used  by  Latimer.  In  a  sermon 
before  King  Edward  in  1550  he  says,  introducing 
the  well-known  reason  for  the  existence  of  Good- 
win Sands,  viz.  the  erection  of  Tenterden  Steeple, 
says,  "And  here,  by  the  way,  I  will  tell  you  a 
merry  toy.'''  Now  this  use  of  the  word  continued, 
at  least   till  1618,  as  it  occurs  in  The  Spanish 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  YIII.  Aug.  13.  '50. 


Mandevile  of  Myrades.  Introducing  a  wonderful 
story,  the  ■writer  says,  "  •where  taking  a  toy  in  his 
head." 

I  know  not  whether  these  Notes  may  be  of  any 
use  to  the  Philological  Society.  S.  S.  S. 

Basingstoke  Reckonings.  —  Is  this  worth  the 
noting? 

"  Mr.  Seargeant  Harris  said,  *  These  merchants'  books 
are  like  Aaron's  rod,  ever  budding,  and  like  Basingstoak 
Keckonings :  over  night.  Five  Shillings  Sixpence ;  if  you 
pay  it  not  it  is  grown  in  the  morning  to  a  just  Noble.'  " 
— Megalopsyey,  1682. 

G.  H.  K. 

Sir  Joshua  Reynolds  s  House  in  Leicester  Square. 
—  In  the  new  edition  of  the  Town,  ^-c,  by  Leigh 
Hunt,  dated  October,  1858,  occurs  the  following 
at  p.  353. :  — 

"  Sir  Joshua's  house  in  Leicester  Square  was  on  the 
eastern  side,  four  doors  from  Sydney's  Alley." 

And  at  the  foot  of  the  page  is  the  following 
note:  — 

"  *  The  house  was,  probably,  on  the  site  now  occupied 
by  the  south-east  corner  of  New  Coventry  Street." 

Both  text  and  note  are  strangely  inaccurate; 
for  it  is  well  known  that  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds 
lived  at  No.  47.,  on  the  west  side  of  the  square, 
from  1761  till  his  death  in  1792.  The  house  re- 
mains, and  has  lately  been  entered  upon  by  Messrs. 
Puttick  &  Simpson,  the  well-known  book-auc- 
tioneers. How  vexatiously  such  mistatements  as 
the  above  unsettle  localities,  and  disturb  pleasant 
associations !  Leigh  Hunt's  Town  is  a  charming 
book  of  gossip,  but  lacking  accurate  identification 
of  localities,  &c. ;  and,  unfortunately,  this  new 
edition  has  been  annotated  by  a  less  scrupulous 
hand  than  that  of  the  author  himself.  T.  (1.) 


BIBLIOGRAPHICAL   aUERIES. 

Some  time  ago  I  dug  out  of  the  neglected  dust 
of  a  provincial  bookshop  a  copy  of  the  Vulgate 
edition  of  the  Scriptures.  I  am  desirous  to  know 
what  is  the  comparative  rarity  of  it.  I  append  a 
note  of  its  salient  features,  which  will  enable  some 
of  your  learned  contributors  to  enlighten  my  ig- 
norance. Living  in  a  country  district,  I  have  no 
access  to  likely  sources  of  information,  nor  to  the 
Bibl.  Sussex.,  or  Lea  Wilson's  Catalogiie,  and 
therefore  fly  to  "  N.  &  Q.,"  the  ready  friend  of 
the  ignorant. 

The  volume  commences  with  part  of  the  5th 
section  to  the  "  Prologus  in  Bibliam"  (sigs.  A  1. 
A  2.  being  absent),  which  appears  to  be  an  Epistle 
of  Jerome  to  (Bishop)  Paulinus.  Each  Book  of 
the  Old  Testament,  except  Judges,  Ruth,  Nehe- 
miah,  and  2  and  3  Esdras,  has  one  or  in  some  in- 
stances two  Prologues  of  St.  Jerome  preceding  it. 


The  New  Testament  commences  with  an  Epistle 
of  Jerome  to  Damasus.  Each  of  the  Gospels  is 
preceded  by  a  Reglstrum  showing  the  contents  of 
each  chapter.  The  whole  of  the  Epistles  of  St. 
Paul  follow  the  Gospels ;  then  Acts,  the  Canonical 
Epistles,  and  the  Apocalypse.  At  the  end  of  the 
New  Testament  is  a  metrical  Ordo  of  the  Books 
in  both  Testaments.  And  following  it  are  some, 
verses  in  praise  of  the  work :  appended  is  the  date 
1482.  Bound  up  with  it  is  a  list  of  passages 
marked  as  suitable  to  particular  Occasions,  and 
scripture  proofs.  The  volume  concludes  with  In- 
terpretations of  the  Hebrew  Names  complete  to 
"  Thaassar."  The  volume  is  of  large  4to.  size, 
printed  in  double  columns  of  forty-seven  lines  in 
excellent  preservation.  The  initial  letters  are  all 
rubricated,  and  first  letter  in  Gen.  i.  ornamented 
with  colour. 

The  same  question  as  to  the  work  of  Martinus 
de  Temperantia,  imprinted  at  Paris  by  Wolfgang 
Hoppyl,  1490  ? 

Where  can  I  find  a  list  of  the  works  of  Bona- 
venture  ?  I  have  his  Itinerarius  Mentis  in  Deum ; 
Tractatus  Lignum  Vitm;  and  the  Centiloquium. 
Judging  from  the  signatures,  these  are  parts  of  a 
larger  work,  of  late  years  separately  put  into  paper 
covers.  The  initials  are  rubricated,  and  the  minor 
ones  patched  with  yellow.  The  volumes  are  well 
printed  in  black-letter,  very  contracted  Latin. 
One  of  the  portions  is  stated  to  have  been  finished 
by  Bonaventure  in  the  year  1484,  on  the  vigil  of 
St.  Peter  and  St.  Paul.  J.  C.  G.  L. 


"  THEN    PUSH    ABOUT    THE    FLOWING    BOWL. 

I  send  you  the  following  song,  requesting  the 
favour  of  any  particulars  concerning  it  that  may 
be  known.  When  I  first  came  in  possession  of 
the  words,  I  was  told  it  was  one  of  Tom  Moore's 
"  unpublished"  Melodies.  If  such  is  really  the 
case,  its  publication  in  your  pages  will  be  valuable. 

Its  peculiar  wildness  of  words  and  music,  which 
by  the  way  is  entirely  in  a  minor  key,  has  given 
it  to.  me  a  double  interest.  And  I  should  feel 
indebted  to  any  of  your  correspondents  who  would 
give  me  any  information  about  the  song,  its  au- 
thor or  composer. 

"  Then  push  about  the  flowing  bowl, 
And  broach  the  foaming  ale. 
And  let  the  merry  merry  maidens  sing, 
The  beldame  tell  her  tale. 

"  And  let  the  sightless  harper  sit 
The  blazing  faggot  by : 
And  let  the  jester  vent  his  wit, 
His  tricks  the  urchin  try. 

Then  push  about,  &c. 

"  Who  knocks  so  loud  with  angry  din. 
And  would  admitted  be? 
No  gossip  lingers  here  within, 
We'll  find  no  place  for  thee. 

Then  push  about,  &c. 


2'"i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


129 


"  Go  send  it  o'er  Killarney's  Lake, 
And  strip  the  willow  bare : 
The  water  elves  their  sports  then  take, 
you'll  find  a  comrade  there. 

Then  push  about,  &c 

"  The  Will  o'the  Wisp  glides  o'er  the  dell, 
The  owl  hoots  in  the  tree ; 
They  hold  their  nightly  vigils  there, 
And  so  the  while  will  we. 

Then  push  about,"  &c. 

^Yhat  is  meant  by  stripping  the  willow  bare  ? 
A  Constant  Reader. 

Geelong,  12th  May,  1859. 


Minov  €ixxtvitS. 

'■'■Molly  Mog." — Your  correspondent  M.M.  {ante 
p.  84.)  has  touched  on  a  subject  which  I  should 
like  to  see  discussed  in  "  N.  &  Q." — who  was  the 
writer  of  "  Molly  Mog,"  and  when,  and  where  was  it 
first  published  ?  In  the  announcement  of  Molly's 
death,  as  quoted,  1766,  it  is  said  to  have  been  writ- 
ten by  Gay,  and  I  believe  it;  it  overflows  with 
his  genial,  cordial,  good-nature  ;  but  it  was  not,  I 
think,  published  among  his  works  in  his  lifetime. 
Neither  was  it  published  in  Faulkner's  edition  of 
Swift's  Works,  1735,  which  the  Dean,  it  is  be- 
lieved, superintended ;  nor,  so  far  as  I  know,  in 
any  authorised  edition  of  Pope's  Works  published 
before  1744.  It  appeared,  indeed,  in  Pope  and 
Swift's  Miscellanies,  1727,  but  this  proves  nothing 
as  to  authorship ;  for  that  collection  contained, 
not  only  works  written  by  Swift  and  Pope,  but 
works  written  by  them  "  in  conjunction "  with 
Gay  and  Ai'buthnot,  and  "  all  of  this  sort  com- 
posed singly  by  either  of  those  hands."  "  Molly 
Mog "  had,  however,  been  published  before.  It 
appeared,  with  a  "  Burlesque  "  on  it,  in  the  Weekly 
Journal  of  1st  Oct.  1726.  The  newspaper  writer 
speaks  of  it  as  "  the  famous  Crambo  ballad  of 
'  Molly  Mog,'  which,  as  Mr.  Mist  observes,  has  set 
all  the  polite  company  in  town  to  the  game  of 
crambo."  It  is  obvious  from  this  notice  that 
"  polite  company,"  at  least,  were  already  familiar 
with  "  Molly  Mog  : "  subsequently  several  paro- 
dies appeared.  Can  any  of  your  readers  refer  to 
an  earlier  publication  ?  and  is  there  any  contem- 
porary mention  of  the  author  ?  M,  M.  (2.) 

Putroclus.  — 
"  With  grimy  tears  and  dust  from  Sellian  urns, 
Unwashed  Patroclus  stale  Dodona  mourns. 
Who  daily  sought  Ilyssus's  flowery  brim, 
Worshipped  the  crystal   stream,  but  never  plunged 
therein." 

From  The  Fleet,  a  poem,  London,  1720,  pp.  24. 

What  is  the  meaning  of  this  censure  on  Patro- 
clus, who,  according  to  Homer,  was  rather  a  clean 
person  ?  P.  B. 

Archery  Club  Motto,  —  Some  of  your  ingenious 
and  learned  correspondents  gave,  some  time  ago. 


mottoes  suitable  for  a  library,  a  common-place 
book,  &c.  May  I  request  any  of  them  to  suggest, 
through  your  columns,  a  motto  for  an  archery 
club  ?  The  motto  of  the  Irvine  Toxopholite  So- 
ciety is,  "Ob  posteros  jaculamur;"  that  of  the 
Saltcoats  Archery  Society  is,  "  Arte  et  valida 
manu;"  and  Mr.  Hargrove,  in  his  interesting 
Anecdotes  of  Archery,  gives  several  others. 

KOBYN  HODE. 

Kilgripagain. 

W.  Dimond,  author  of  "  Petrarchal  Sonnets," 
dramas,  &c.  What  is  the  date  of  this  author's 
death  ?  Z.  A. 

Tower-crowned  Arch.  —  May  I  ask,  tbrough  the 
medium  of  your  valuable  periodical,  whether  there 
is  any  other  example  known  throughout  England 
of  the  "  tower-crowned  arch,"  so  gloriously  dis- 
played in  the  steeple  of  the  magnificent  church  of 
St.  Nicholas  in  this  town  (Newcastle-upon-Tyne). 
I  am  aware  of  the  existence  of  the  same  feature 
in  St.  Dunstan's  church,  London ;  but  I  cannot 
think  Sir  Christopher  Wren  had  ours  in  view 
when  he  designed  St.  Dunstan's  steeple  —  as  it  is 
so  much  inferior  in  many  particulars,  especially  in 
the  lantern  at  the  crown  of  the  arches,  which  is 
here  of  large  dimensions,  and  possesses  an  airy 
lightness  altogether  wanting  in  its  London  rival. 
Was  Sir  Christopher  Wren  ever  known  to  be  in 
this  town  ?  Edward  Thompson. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

Orthographical  Peculiarity.  —  Did  the  late  C.  J. 
Hare,  in  any  of  his  publications,  give  his  reasons 
for  deviating  from  the  usual  mode  of  spelling 
words,  e.  g.  "  preacht,"  "  usurpt,"  &c.  ? 

Did  Horsley,  also,  ever  say  why  he  adopted  the 
antique  form  of  the  preterites  of  "  to  lead,  to 
read,"  &c.,  viz.  "ledde,"  "  redde"  ?  S.  S.  S. 

Donnyhrook,  near  Dublin.  —  What  is  the  origin 
and  meaning  of  the  name  of  this  far-famed  vil- 
lage ?  And  where  may  I  find  the  earliest  mention 
of  it  ?  In  Registrum  Priorutus  Omnium  Sancto- 
rum juxta  Dublin,  edited  by  Dean  Butler  for  the 
Irish  Archseological  Society,  mention  is  more  than 
once  made  of  Donnybrook.  Of  the  documents 
in  the  Registry  —  No.  i.  "Confirmacio  Gregorii 
[IX.]  spiritualium  et  temporalium  cum  certis  pri- 
vilegiis  et  aliis  immunitatibus,"  a.d.  1234,  speaks 
of  "  quadraginta  acras  sitas  in  territorio  de  Done- 
nachbroc  [recte  Dovenachbroc]  versus  aquilo- 
nem";  No.  lxxv.  "  De  Donabroke,"  ante  1234; 
No.  Lxxvi.  "  De  triginta  novem  acris  apud  Dona- 
brok,"  ante  1234  ;  No.  lxxvii.  "De  eadem  terra," 
A.D.  1298  ;  and  No.  Lxxviii.  "De  aqua  de  Dodyr 
[Dodder]  ducenda,"  etc.,  a.d.  1307.  No.  1.  in 
the  Appendix,  from  the  archives  of  the  city  of 
Dublin,  is  "  De  tenemento  de  Donenachbrok." 

How  very  absurd  is  the  derivation  given  by 
Mr.   and  Mrs.  S.  C.  Hall,  in  their  Ireland,  its 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  Vlir.  Aug.  13.  '69. 


Scenery,  Character,  ^c ,  vol.  ii.  p.  338. :  " '  Donny- 
brook,'  the  little  brook,  is  so  called  from  a  moun- 
tain stream,  '  the  Dodder,'  which  runs  through  the 
suburb."  Abhba. 

Grotesques  in  Churches.  —  Where  may  one  find 
an  explanation  of  grotesque  figures  often  seen  in 
old  churches,  both  in  carved  stone  and  painted 
glass,  viz.  the  head  of  a  man,  with  lolling  tongue. 
Why  called  the  grin  of  Arius  ?  And  why  repre- 
sented in  a  sacred  edifice  ?  Querist. 

"  The  Young  Travellers ;  or,  a  Visit  to  Oxford." 
—  In  the  Preface  to  this  book  (published  in  1818), 
it  is  stated  that  the  notes  (Appendix  1.  to  29.) 
"  refer  to  a  little  work,  which  it  is  in  contempla- 
tion shortly  to  publish  ...  It  will  contain  correct 
likenesses  of  the  curious  characters  here  referred 
to,  with  some  biographical  or  other  accounts  of 
them.  The  plates  given  in  this  little  volume  may 
be  considered  as  specimens  of  those  which  will 
accompany  the  other."  Now,  the  only  plates  in 
my  copy  of  the  work  are  a  view  of  Oxford,  and  a 
portrait  of  "Mother  Goose."  Were  any  other 
plates  published  ?  And,  did  the  projected  volume 
make  its  appearance  ?  Cuthbekt  Bede. 

Heraldic  Quei-y.  —  I  am  very  anxious  to  know 
to  what  family  the  following  crest  belonged,  if 
crest  it  be  ?  It  is  on  a  defaced  impression  of  a 
very  rudely  cut  seal,  appended  to  a  Cheshire  will, 
of  the  date  1667.  My  description  is,  I  fear,  un- 
heraldic ;  but  I  forward  a  sketch,  which  maybe 
more  intelligible :  "  On  a  crescent  a  griffin's  (?) 
head  erased,  all  between  two  stars."  * 

Another  will  of  the  same  county  (dated  1760) 
is  sealed  with  a  "  griffin  segreant  in  a  lozenge." 
To  what  family  does  this  armorial  bearing  be- 
long ?  J. 

James  Aikman.  —  Wanted  information  regard- 
ing James  Aik  ran,  author  of  a  volume  of  Poems, 
Edinburgh,  1816.  Is  he  the  author  of  a  History 
of  Scotland,  published  in  1824  ?  Z.  A. 

Sir  Wm.  Petty  s  Letters.  —  In  the  sale  cata- 
logue of  Mr.  Austin  Cooper's  library  (Dublin, 
1831),  of  which  I  have  a  copy,  with  the  prices 
and  purchasers'  names,  there  are  eighteen  lots  of 
"  Copies  of  Letters  "  written  by,  or  by  order  and 
on  account  of,  Sir  William  Petty,  1666 — 1700. 
"  These  Letters  are  necessary  to  the  proper  un- 
derstanding of  the  Survey  made  by  Sir  Wm. 
Petty,"  and  were  purchased  by  Mr.  Cockran,  of 
London,  for  \50l.  Having  a  particular  object  in 
view,  may  I  ask  some  one  of  your  correspondents 
to  tell  me  where  the  Letters  are  to  be  found  at 
present?     They  are  not  mentioned,  I  think,  in 

[*  From  the  sketch  we  should  describe  it  as  "  an  eagle's 
head  erased  between  two  mullets,  issuing  from  the  horns 
of  a  crescent."  Will  not  the  names  appended  to  the 
wills  help  to  identify  the  families?  —  Ed.] 


Larcom's  edition  of  Petty's  History  of  the  Down 
Survey,  printed  in  1851  for  the  members  of  the 
Irish  Archaeological  Society.  Abhba. 

Dorchester  House,  Westminster.  —  Where  was 
this  house  situated,  and  what  is  its  history  ?  W.  C. 

Origin  of  the  Judges  Black  Cap.  —  Is  it  known 
when  it  became  customary  for  a  judge  to  put  on  a 
black  cap  whilst  passing  sentence  of  death,  and 
why  that  custom  arose  ?  W.  O.  W. 

Tmw  and  Poison.  —  In  the  Theatrical  Observer, 
May  8,  1819,  in  a  notice  of  a  new  farce  by  Mor- 
ton, A  Roland  for  an  Oliver,  is  the  following  :  — 

"  Fixture,  finding  his  wife  in  Sir  Mark's  arms,  repeats 
his  point  with  little  variation,  and  rushes  out,  exclaiming 
'I'll  have  law  and  poison  —  an  attorney,  an  apothe- 
cary!' The  thought  is  on  records  of  more  than  two 
thousand  j'ears  old,  and  must  have  been  repeated  more 
than  two  thousand  times,  yet  Emery's  acting  carried  it 
through  with  applause." 

A  reference  to  any  old  use  of  the  joke  will  ob- 
lige. A.  A.  R. 

The  Family  of  Bentivoglio.  —  There  seems  to 
be  a  connexion  between  this  family  and  the  House 
of  Swabia,  more  romantic  perhaps  than  can  be 
found  elsewhere  in  any  history  —  more  romantic, 
possibly,  than  is  consistent  with  truth. 

Shortly  before  the  downfal  of  that  House  of 
Swabia,  when  its  enemies  were  searching  for  Hein- 
sius,  the  fugitive  son  of  Frederick  II.,  a  lock  of 
his  golden  hair  unfortunately  escaping  from  under 
his  disguise  rendered  his  discovery  inevitable. 
"  No  one,"  they  said,  on  seeing  it,  "  no  one  in 
the  world  but  King  Heinsius  has  such  beautiful 
fair  hair."  With  his  fate  when  captured  we  have 
here  little  to  do ;  but  we  read  that  before  his 
death  a  young  girl  visited  him  in  prison  to  com- 
fort him,  and  that  they  had  a  son,  who  was  called 
Bentivoglio  (I  wish  thee  well).  Tradition  asserts 
that  he  was  the  founder  of  the  illustrious  family  of 
that  name. 

I  should  like  more  information  on  this  subject 
than  is  to  be  met  with  in  Michelet  and  other  his- 
torians. W.  O.  W. 

"7i  is  not  heautie  1  demanded — Who  is  the 
author  of  the  poem  commencing  with  this  line? 
It  has  been  assigned  to  Carew.  F.  R.  D. 

Qttalitied :  Fau^ens. — 

"  Besides  all  this,  he  was  well  gualitied, 
And  past  all  Argives,  for  his  spear." 

Chapman's  Iliad,  xiv.  104. 

Is  not  this  word  qualitied  peculiar  to  Chapman  ? 

"  Thus  pluck'd  he  from  the  shore  his  lance,  and  left  the 

waves  to  wash 
The  wave-sprung  entrails,  about  which  fuusens  and 

other  fish 
Did  shoal."  Chapman's  Iliad,  xxi.  189. 

Can  any  of  your   correspondents   throw   any 


2"J  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


131 


light  on  the  derivation  of  this  word,  or  give  any 
other  authority  for  it  than  this  passage  ?  I  have 
of  course  seen  the  note  in  the  edition  of  Chap- 
man's Iliad  published  by  Russell  Smith.  Libya. 
Salford. 

Mutiny  at  the  Nore.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents kindly  refer  me  to  any  work  which  will 
give  me  the  names  of  the  killed  and  wounded  in 
the  mutiny  at  the  Nore  in  1797.   James  Delano. 

Ephemeral  Literature.  —  Can  any  reader  of  "N. 
&  Q."  oblige  the  subscribed  by  telling  him  the 
author  of  "  Universal  Languages  and  Empires," 
&c.  (No.  737.),  "  Education  "  (No.  739.),  "  Scien- 
tific Heirlooms  and  the  Price  of  them"  (No.  757.) 
in  Family  Herald  for  1857;  but  more  especially 
any  other  articles  or  works  by  the  same  hand  ? 

J.  J. 

A  Lost  Cornelian.  —  In  the  dark  ages,  long  be- 
fore "  N.  &  Q."  was  born  or  thought  of,  I  found  at 
Weymouth  a  cornelian,  v/ith  a  well-engraved 
crest,  viz.  a  stork  bearing  in  her  beak  a  cross 
flory  (?),  with  the  motto,  "  Semper  paratus."  Can 
you  help  me  to  its  owner  ?  C.  W.  B. 

Tennyson^s  "  Enid."  —  Can  you  or  any  of  your 
readers  tell  me  where  to  find  the  original  story  of 
"Enid,"  the  first  of  Mr.  Tennyson's  four  Idylls? 
I  find  no  traces  of  it  in  Sir  Thomas  Malory's  edi- 
tion of  King  Arthur.  Cantab. 

Francis  Moult,  Esq.  —  Any  information  respect- 
ing this  gentleman,  an  eminent  chemist  in  London, 
who  died  May  17, 1733,  will  oblige  J.  Y. 

Character  of  Mr.  Hastings.  —  Dr.  Rimbault 
mentions  in  "  N.  &  Q."  (2"^  S.  vii.  323.)  that  this 
piece  is  printed  in  Peck's  Desiderata  Cw-iosa. 
This  has  been  stated  before  him  by  Horace  Wal- 
pole,  Mr.  Martyn  in  his  Life  of  Shaftesbury,  and 
others.  I  have  searched  carefully  through  both 
editions  of  Peck's  book,  and  cannot  find  it.  Can 
Dr.  Rimbatjlt  or  any  one  else  refer  me  to  the 
page  of  Peck's  volume,  specifying  the  edition  ? 


"  The  English  Spy." — I  should  be  glad  to  know 
if  this  work  is  complete  in  twelve  numbers,  as, 
at  the  end  of  p.  147.  is  printed  "Conclusion  of 
Volume  One;"  and  "the  next  volume"  is  re- 
ferred to  in  the  preface.  Was  a  second  volume 
ever  published,  and  who  was  the  author  ?  Is 
"  Bernard  Blackmantle,"  a  pseudonym  for  Mr.  P. 
Egan  ?  CuTHBEBT  Bede. 

[This  work  makes  two  volumes:  the  second  volume 
was  published  ia  1826,  pp.  400.  It  was  written  by  Charles 
Molloy  VVestmacott,  and  continued  by  the  same  editor 
under  the  title  of  The  St.  Jameses  Royal  Magazine.  ] 


Sheridan's  Speech  on  Warren  Hastings  Trial. — 
Allow  me  to  call  attention  to  a  singular  inaccu- 
racy in  the  8th  edition  of  the  Encyclopcedia  Bri- 
tannica  now  in  the  course  of  publication.  It  occurs* 
in  vol.  xi.  p.  239.,  where,  alluding  to  the  trial  of 
Warren  Hastings,  it  is  said  — 

"  The  prosecution  was  opened  by  Burke  in  a  speech  of 
extraordinary  eloquence  and  power,  which  extended  over 
three  days.  He  was  succeeded  by  Fox,  who  in  his  turn 
gave  place  to  Sheridan.  The  speech  of  that  brilliant  wit 
was  said  by  the  ablest  among  those  who  heard  it  to  have 
been  the  best  that  was  ever  delivered  in  the  English 
House  op  Commons.  It  certainly  was  one  of  the  most 
telling,  for  it  caused  so  much  excitement  that  no  other 
speaker  could  obtain  a  hearing,  and  the  debate  was  ad- 
journed." 

Now  all  the  world  knows  that  this  celebrated 
speech  of  Sheridan's  was  made  by  him,  not  in  the 
House  of  Com7nons  but  in  the  House  of  Lords, 
when,  as  one  of  the  managers  appointed  by  the 
House  of  Commons  to  conduct  the  impeachment, 
he  opened  one  of  the  articles  of  charge  ;  and  the 
notion  of  there  being  any  debate  or  a  competition 
to  obtain  a  hearing  in  the  case  is  absurdly  out  of 
the  question.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that,  in  a  work 
of  authority,  such  inaccuracies  should  appear. 

G.  J. 

Edinburgh. 

l_The  writer  in  the  eighth  edition  of  the  Enajdopadia 
Britannica  has  confounded  the  two  celebrated  speeches 
delivered  by  Sheridan  on  the  same  subject,  namely,  the 
spoliation  of  the  Begums  of  Oude :  the  first  in  the  House 
of  Commons  on  Feb.  7,  1787,  when  it  was  proposed  to 
impeach  the  great  Indian  minister;  and  the  second 
in  Westminster  Hall,  on  the  3rd  and  three  following 
daj'S  of  June,  1788,  when  Hastings  was  arraigned  before 
the  Lords.  Upon  the  conclusion  of  the  first  speech  in  • 
the  Commons,  which  occupied  five  and  a  half  hours  in 
the  delivery,  fcfir  William  Dolben  immediately  moved  an 
adjournment  of  the  debate,  confessing  that,  in  the  state 
of  mind  in  which  Mr.  Sheridan's  speech  had  left  him,  it 
was  impossible  for  him  to  give  a  determinate  opinion. 
Mr.  Stanhope  seconded  the  motion,  and  Pitt  concurring, 
"the  debate  was  adjourned  a  little  after  one  o'clock." 
(^Annual  Register,  ViWI,  p.  150.) 

In  the  absence  of  verbatim  reports  of  the  two  celebrated 
oratorical  efforts  in  question,  it  is  now  impossible  to  state 
which  was  the  better  or  more  famous  of  the  two.  Burke 
declared  the  first  to  be  "  the  most  astounding  effort  of 
eloquence,  argument,  and  wit,  united,  of  which  there  was 
any  record  or  tradition."  Fox  said  of  the  same  speech, 
"  AH  that  he  had  ever  heard,  all  that  he  had  ever  read, 
when  compared  with  it,  dwindled  into  nothing,  and. 
vanished  like  vapour  before  the  sun."  And  Pitt  acknow- 
ledged "  that  it  surpassed  all  the  eloquence  of  ancient 
and  modern  times,  and  possessed  everything  that  genius 
or  art  could  furnish,  to  agitate  and  control  the  human 
mind."  (_Vide  Moore's  Life  of  Sheridan,  4to.  1825,  p. 
324.) 

The  second  speech,  which  was  delivered  in  Westmin- 
ster Hall,  was,  in  the  judgment  of  Fox  and  others,  much 
inferior  to  the  first  on  the  same  subject.  Burke,  however, 
appears  to  have  been  of  a  contrary  opinion,  declaring  of 
this  second  master-piece  of  eloquence,  that  "  the  various 
species  of  eloquence  that  had  been  heard,  either  in  an- 
cient or  modern  times,  whatever  the  acuteness  of  the  bar, 
the  dignity  of  the  senate,  or  the  morality  of  the  pulpit, 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Ave.  13.  '59. 


could  furnish,  had  not  been  equal  to  what  that  House 
had  that  da}'  heard  in  Westminster  Hall."  Mill,  the 
historian  of  India,  who  was  an  auditor,  both  in  the  Com- 
mons and  in  the  Hall,  was  also  decidedly  of  opinion  that 
Sheridan's  second  effort  was  grander  than  the  first. 
"  When  doctors  disagree,"  &c.] 

John  Lord  Cutis.  —  To  what  circumstance  in 
his  history  was  this  brave  soldier  indebted  for  the 
name  of  "Salamander?"  He  was  one  of  the 
Lords  Justices  of  Ireland,  and  Commander  of  the 
Forces  in  that  kingdom,  in  the  year  1705,  and 
died,  I  believe,  not  long  after  his  appointment. 
Where  is  the  best  account  of  bis  career  ? 

Abhba. 
[At  the  siege  of  Namur,  in  1695,  Lord  Cutts  com- 
manded a  bodj'  of  English  employed  as  a  storming  party, 
and  displayed  such  cool  intrepidity  amidst  a  most  tre- 
mendous fire  of  artillery  and  musketry,  that  he  was  com- 
plimented with  the  name  of  the  Salamander,  as  if  the 
scene  of  flame  and  terror  had  been  his  proper  element. 
Swift,  no  admirer  of  military  merit,  and  unfriendly  to 
Lord  Cutts  in  particular,  employed  his  wit  in  deducing 
from  his  vices  and  follies  the  name  bestowed  on  him  for 
his  intrepid  braverjs  and  published  in  1705  a  satirical 
piece,  entitled  The  Descnption  of  a  Salamander:—^ 
"Would  you  describe  Turenne  or  Trump? 

Think  of  a  bucket  or  a  pump. 

Are  these  too  low  ?  then  find  out  grander, 

Call  my  Lord  Cutts  a  Salamander." 

These  very  bitter,  or  rather  scurrilous  verses  (says 
Sir  Walter  Scott),  were  highly  resented  by  Lord  Cutts 
and  his  relations.  For  a  brief  account  of  Lord  Cutts,  see 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  xlix.  150.,  and  Nichols's  Poems,  ii. 
327.] 

Gauntlope.  — In  a  MS.  diary  of  the  Civil  Wars 
I  read  of  soldiers  being  punished  by  being  made 
to  run  the  gauntlope  (so  spelt).  I  should  be 
obliged  by  information  as  to  the  history  of  this 
punishment  in  England,  and  as  to  this  spelling 
of  the  word.  W.  C. 

[Phillips  in  his  World  of  Words,  informs  us  that 
Gantlop,  or  Gantlope,  as  "  To  run  the  Gantlope,"  is  a 
punishment  among  soldiers  :  the  offender  having  to  run 
with  his  back  naked  through  the  whole  regiment,  and  to 
receive  a  lash  with  a  switch  from  every  soldier.  It  is  de- 
rived (he  adds)  from  Gant,  a  town  of  Flanders,  where 
this  punishment  was  invented,  and  the  Dutch  word  lope, 
i.e.  running.] 

Canhury.  —  It  is  stated  in  Martyn's  Life,  of 
Shaftesbury,  vol.  i.  p.  43.,  that  Shaftesbury,  after 
his  marriage  with  the  Lord  Keeper  Coventry's 
daughter,  lived  at  Durham  House  and  Canbury. 
What  or  where  is  Canbury  ?  W.  C. 

[Canbury  is  a  corruption  of  Canonbury,  in  the  centre 
of  "merrie  Islington."  From  1627  to  1635  Canonbury- 
house  was  rented  by  the  Lord  Keeper  Coventry.  In  the 
Strafford  papers  is  a  letter  from  the  Earl  of  Derby,  dated 
Jan.  29,  1635,  from  Canbury  Park,  where  he  was  staid 
from  St.  James's  by  the  greatest  snow  he  ever  saw  in 
England.  All  that  remains  of  this  once-famed  mansion 
is  a  venerable  tower,  17  feet  square  and  58  feet  high, 
where  poor  Goldsmith  often  lay  concealed  from  his  ere  - 
ditors.  He  is  said  to  have  moved  here  to  be  near  New- 
bery  the  bookseller,  who  lodged  at  this  time  in  Canon- 


bury  tower.  The  old  hostess,  Mrs.  Tapps,  used  to  affirm 
that  Goldsmith  here  wrote  his  Deserted  Village ;  but  Sir 
John  Hawkins  says  it  was  the  Vicar  of  Wakefield,  which 
"a  pressing  necessity "  compelled  him  to  write  at  Isling- 
ton. Even  now  this  venerable  relic  of  olden  time  is  well 
worthy  of  a  visit,  for  the  sake  of  the  extensive  panoramic 
view  from  the  roof.] 


CROMWELL   IN    SCOTLAND. 

(•2'^i  S.  viil.  70.) 

The  game  of  "  Willie  Wastle,"  as  practised  long 
ago  by  Scotch  boys,  was  in  the  following  manner 
— and  I  have  often  been  a  party  in  these  con- 
flicts. One  stood  upon  a  high  stone  with  a  long 
handkerchief  in  his  hand,  firmly  knotted  at  the 
end,  and  proclaimed  in  a  defiant  strain  to  his 
companions :  — 

"  I,  Willie  Wastle, 

I'm  in  my  castle, 

A'  the  dogs  in  the  town 

Winna  ding  me  down.*' 

It  was  then  their  business  to  bring  him  down  from 
his  position  after  he  had  dealt  out  many  severe 
blows,  which  being  accomplished,  another  took 
his  station  ;  and  so  on  did  the  game  proceed,  with 
much  fun  and  jollity. 

The  story  is  thus  mentioned  in  The  Perfect 
Politician,  1680 :  — 

"  After  the  fatal  battle  of  Dunbar,  Oliver  Cromwell 
sent  Col.  Fenwick  with  two  regiments  to  reduce  Hume 
Castle.  A  singular  man,  called  Thomas  Cockburn,  com- 
manded the  castle,  and  he  was  ordered  to  surrender. 
Cockburn  returned  a  scoffing  answer,  with  the  following 
lines:  — 

'     « '  I,  William  of  the  Wastle, 
Am  now  in  my  castle ; 
And  a'  the  dogs  in  the  town 
Winna  gar  me  gang  down.' 

"  Fenwick  immediately  raised  a  battery,  and  returned 
the  Governor  hard  bullets  for  his  resolute  rhj'mes,  whereby 
Cockburn  was  very  soon  obliged  to  capitulate  and  march 
out  with  his  men." 

We  find  it  also  rather  curiously  noticed  for  a 
religious  purpose  in  Scotch  Preshytei-ian  Eloquence 
Displayed,  edit.  London,  1786,  p.  110.  :  — 

"  Mr.  William  Veitch,  preaching  at  Linton,  in  Teviot- 
dale,  said :  '  Our  Bishops  thought  they  were  very  secure 
this  long  time,  like 

"  Willie,  Willie  Wastle,  ■ 
I  am  in  my  castle ; 
A'  the  dogs  in  the  town 
Dare  not  ding  me  down." 

Yea,  but  there  is  a  doggie  in  Heaven  that  has  dung  them 
all  down.'  " 

The  time  of  this  noted  Presbyterian  preacher 
was,  born  1640,  died  1720;  respecting  whom  his 
biographer  remarks  (Scots  Worthies,  edit.  1796, 
p.  551.)  :  — 

"  Xor  is  it  any  disparagement  to  him  that  that  black- 


2°J  S.VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


133 


mouthed  calumniator,  in  his  Presbyterian  Eloquence  Dis- 
played, has  published  to  tlie  world, 'That  he  murdered 
the  bodies  as  well  as  souls  of  two  or  three  persons  with 
one  sermon,  because,'  says  he,  preaching  in  the  town  of 
Jedburgh,  he  said,  '  There  are  tioo  thousand  of  you  here, 
hut  I  am  sure  eighty  of  you  will  not  he  saved,'  upon  which 
three  of  his  ignorant  hearers  despatched  themselves  soon 
Bfiter." 

I  think  therefore,  in  reply  to  the  Query  of  J. 
G.  Morten,  that  the  legend  may  be  considered  as 
of  very  old  date,  and  in  its  origin  refers  to  some 
event  the  history  of  which  is  now  lost  —  that  it 
was  widely  popularly  known  in  the  country,  and, 
as  in  the  foregoing  instances,  adapted  by  the  par- 
ties using  it  from  their  juvenile  reminiscences,  as 
applicable  to  the  circumstances  in  which  they 
happened  to  be  placed.  G.  N. 


LE    CONTRAT    MOHATRA. 

(2"*  S.  viii.  69.) 

The  contrat  mohatra,  which  consisted,  as  shown 
by  your  correspondent,  in  selling  goods  dear  on 
credit,  and  buying  them  back  cheap  for  ready 
money,  was  an  evasion  of  the  laws  against  usury. 
"  Permutationem  fingebant,  ut  hoc  nomine  usurse 
darentur." 

Covarrubias  tells  us  in  his  Tesoro,  1611,  that 
"  El  Brocense  "  thinks  mohatra  is  properly  moJia- 
fra,  from  mofa,  a  jest  or  mockery.  This  is  not 
very  satisfoctory ;  but  the  difficulty  which  the 
learned  find  in  determining  the  true  origin  of 
mohatra  seems  owing  to  their  not  having  duly 
perpended  an  etjmology  suggested,  though  per- 
haps without  sufficient  explanation,  by  Covarru- 
bias himself.  Covarrubias  simply  proposes  to 
derive  mohatra  from  the  Heb.  "inn,  hathar,  to  dig, 
adding  that  the  m  of  mohatra  is  formative.  This 
does  not  seem  to  promise  much.  But  when  we 
consider  that  the  Heb.  verb  means  not  only  to 
dig  in  the  ordinary  sense  of  the  word,  but  to  dig 
or  break  through  as  a  rohher,  and  that  in  this 
meaning  it  corresponds  to  the  Swpva-a-w  of  the  N. 
T.  (Matth.  vi.  19.,  "where  thieves  break  through 
and  steal  "),  we  may  perhaps  feel  less  difficulty  in 
viewing  hathar  as  a  very  likely  origin  of  a  word 
which  designates  an  usurious  transaction,  that  in 
fact  is  little  better  than  a  rohhei'y.  It  is  also  to 
be  observed  that  the  "  formative  m  "  appears,  not 
only  in  mohatra,  but  in  the  rabbinical  mahtarta, 
which  is  indubitably  derived  from  hathar. 

On  the  word  barala  and  its  congeners,  barato, 
baratum,  baratto,  barrator,  barrateria,  barratar  (to 
barter),  baratillo,  baratador,  &c.,  one  might  write 
a  volume.  But  your  correspondent's  inquiry  re- 
lates to  barata  as  a  synonym  of  mohatra.  ("  Mo- 
hatra ....  Idem  barata  interdum  dicitur."  Du 
Cange.) 

Some  would  derive  the  Spanish  and  Portuguese 
adj.  barato,  which  signifies  cheap,  from  the  Latin 


paratus ;  but  this  does  not  accord  with  the  old 
forms  which  we  find  in  Romance,  &c.,  such  as 
baran,  baraz.  The  oldest  instances  of  the  word 
barata  itself,  as  a  substantive,  which  I  find  with  a 
fixed  date,  a.d.  1270,  1226,  are  in  the  sense  of  a 
debt  (Raynouard).  This,  out  of  many,  appears  to 
be  the  meaning  of  barata  which  best  accords  with 
mohatra;  as  the  same  party  who  sold  back  the 
goods  for  a  small  price  dow?i  became,  by  the  very 
nature  of  the  transaction,  a  debtor  for  the  larger 
price  at  which  he  bought. 

Is  not  stoco,  as  synonymous  with  barata  and 
mohatra,  a  comparatively  modern  term  ?  Perhaps 
your  correspondent  will  have  the  kindness  to  state 
where  it  may  be  found.  I  have  never  met  with 
or  heard  it  except  among  workmen,  as  a  verna- 
cular pronunciation  of  stucco.  Stoco,  probably 
any  worthless  lot  of  goods;  "rubbish"  used  in 
those  sham  transactions  of  fictitious  trade,  which 
we  are  now  considering.  Cf.  in  Ger.  stocken,  to 
grow  fusty,  and  in  Ital.  stucco,  surfeited,  crop- 
sick. 

The  exact  nature  of  the  contrat  mohatra  may  be 
thus  explained.  The  Duque  de  Blasas  sends  for 
Seiior  Ysaaco,  and  requests  an  immediate  loan  of 
1000  crowns,  for  which  he  will  be  happy  to  pay 
2000  a  year  after. 

"That  cannot  be,"  exclaims  Ysaaco ; "  for,  should 
the  Holy  Office  once  smell  out  such  a  transaction, 
I  might  be  summoned  away  some  night,  to  answer 
as  a  suspected  heretic.  Therefore  all  the  Saints 
forbid  it ! " 

"  Nevertheless,"  says  the  Duke,  "  I  must  have 
the  money." 

"  Yery  good,"  answers  the  cunning  Ysaaco. 
"  Then  let  us  see  whether  we  cannot  make  it  a 
matter  of  business,  and  settle  the  affair  that  way. 
I  have  at  home  a  lot  of  stoco.     Buy  it  of  me." 

"  I  don't  see  how  that  settles  the  affaic  any  way," 
says  the  Duke. 

"  Nothing  more  simple,"  replies  Ysaaco.  "  Your 
Excellency  purchases  the  goods  on  credit,  for 
2000  crowns,  giving  your  bond  to  pay  me  a  twelve- 
month hence.  I  buy  them  back  now,  on  the  spot, 
for  1000  crowns  cash.  —  All  in  the  regular  way  of 
trade." 

The  Duke  executes  the  bond ;  Seiior  Ysaaco 
disburses  the  1000  crowns ;  and  the  contrat  mo- 
hatra is  completed. 

Perhaps,  also,  we  may  venture  to  conjecture 
lohy  the  particular  word  mohatra  comes  to  be 
used  in  this  connexion.  There  is  another  and 
somewhat  similar  word,  rnoharka,  which  really  sig- 
nifies a  contract  (Buxtorf,  Lex.  Chal.  Tal.  Rabb.') 
Contrat  mohatra,  then,  is  a  play  upon  a  word,  such 
as  is  by  no  means  unknown  in  Jewish  literature. 
A  virtuous  and  learned  Rabbi,  hearing  of  such  a 
transaction  as  we  have  just  described,  indignantly 
exclaims,  "This  is  no  rnoharka,  but  a  mohatra" 
(no  bargain,  but  a  burglary).     Hence  the  expres- 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  'o9. 


sion,  "  contrat  mohatra"  i.  e.  a  contract  which  is  a 
robbery,  not  a  moharka,  a  proper  and  legitimate 
contract.  In  the  Old  Testament,  two  instances  of 
such  a  paronomasia  may  be  seen  in  the  Hebrew 
text  of  a  single  verse,  Is.  v.  7.,  "  He  looked  for 
mishpat,  but,  behold,  mispuh!  for  tsdahah,  but, 
behold,  is'aA«A/"  Thomas  Boys. 


Milton's  corkesposdence. 
(2""  S.  viii.  47.  90.) 

With  Mb.  Carbuthers  I  also  entertained  some 
slight  misgivings  as  to  whether  the  person  alluded 
to  in  Andrew  Marvel's  letter  might  not  have  been 
Bradshaw  instead  of  Cromwell,  and  feel  inclined, 
notwithstanding  what  former  biographers  have 
asserted,  to  coincide  with  his  opinion.  The  copy 
of  the  letter  in  the  Sloane  MSS.  is  accompanied 
ty  another  letter  from  M.  Wall  to  Milton,  dated 
Cansham,  May  26,  1659,  which  has  been  printed 
among  the  poet's  prose  works  by  Symmons  (vide 
vol.  ii.),  and  both  are  attested  by  J.  Owen,  who, 
it  appears,  was  the  Rev.  James  Owen  of  Rochdale 
in  Lancashire  ;  and  it  would  be  curious  to  trace 
the  depositary  of  the  originals,  presuming  them 
to  be  still  in  existence.  I  have  little  doubt  but 
^t  the  time  these  copies  were  made- the  originals 
were  in  the  possession  of  Elizabeth  the  widow, 
nee  MinshuU,  then  resident  at  Nantwich,  or  her 
representatives.  An  extract  from  this  latter  epi- 
stle is  quoted  both  by  Symmons  and  Birch,  and 
(i7i  extenso)  is  on  the  subject  of  the  peculiar  views 
held  by  Milton  upon  civil  and  religious  liberty, 
&c.  My  present  inquiry  is  to  know  who  was  Mil- 
ton's correspondent  M.  Wall  ?  and  if  any  of  the 
readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  can  point  to  the  present 
■whereabouts  of  the  originals  of  these  two  lettei's  ? 

I  append  a  Note  relating  to  Milton,  written  by 
that  indefatigable  and  gossiping  writer  W.  Cole: 

"  Mr.  Francis  Peck,  in  his  new  memoirs  of  the  life  of 
ililton,  says  that  his  first  disgust  against  the  king  and 
the  clergy  and  universities  was  on  account  of  a  Royal 
Mandate  to  Christ's  College  to  chuse  Mr.  Edward  King 
Fellow  of  the  college  in  preference  to  him,  which  was 
further  heightened  by  his  expulsion  or  rustication  from 
the  college.  He  afterwards  became  a  zealous  Puritan, 
and  joyned  with  the  Presbyterians,  but  soon  grew  tired 
of  them  and  turned  Independent,  Anabaptist,  and  then 
■Quaker,  and  is  supposed  to  have  died  a  Deist.  In  the 
Northampton  3Iercury  of  May  19,  1760,  is  the  following 
■extempore  distich  wrote  by  Dr.  Young,  author  of  the 
Night  Thoughts,  in  answer  to  a  Billet  sent  by  Monsieur 
de  Voltaire,  to  enquire  what  the  company  thought  of  him 
after  some  loose  remarks  which  he  had  made  upon  Mil- 
ton. Dr.  Young  and  Voltaire  were  then  both  at  Mr. 
Doddington's  seat  at  Eastbury :  — 

"  Thou'rt  so  ingenious,  wicked,  and  so  thin. 

That  thou  art  Milton,  and  his  death  and  sin." 
Thus  translated  into  Latin  bj'  the  Rev.  J.  N.*,  A.M. :  — 
"  Ingenio  Scelere  et  Macie  praecellis,  in  uno 

Jungi  Miltonus  Peccatura  Morsque  videntur." 

*  Query,  if  not  Mr.  Nixon  ? 


But  whatever  were  Voltaire's  remarks  and  sentiments 
when  he  was  in  England  in  relation  to  Milton,  he  has 
exercised  a  very  severe,  yet  perhaps  a  very  just,  criticism 
upon  the  Paradise  Lost  in  his  Candide,  ou  VOptimisme,  p. 
240,  241,  242.  edit.  1759,  8°,  if  that  dangerous  book  was 
wrote  by  him,  and  not  by  Mr.  Hall  of  Yorkshire,  whom 
I  remember  a  Fellow  Commoner  of  Jesus  College  in  Cam- 
bridge, and  who  by  some,  tho'  I  believe  very  falsely,  was 
said  to  be  the  author  of  it." 

Cl.  Hopper. 


DR.  Latham's  theory  of  the  indo-european 

LANGUAGES. 

(2"*  S.  viii.  110.) 

The  following  extract  from  an  article  attri- 
buted to  Professor  Max  Miiller  on  "  Comparative 
Philology,"  in  the  Edinburgh  Revieiv,  Oct.  1851, 
is  intended  as  a  reply  to  Ingir's  inquiry  :  — 

"This  gentleman  (Dr.  Latham),  to  whom  we  owe  al- 
ready a  history  of  the  English  language,  embodying  the 
results  of  Grimm's  celebrated  Teutonic  Grammar,  has 
also  thought  it  necessary  in  his  present  work  (On  the 
Vaneties  of  Mail),  to  avail  himself  of  the  results  of  Com- 
parative Philologj',  and  to  bring  them  to  bear  on  the 
natural  history  of  man.  But  instead  of  following  Dr. 
Prichard's  excellent  work,  Researches  into  the  Physical 
History  of  3Ian,  which  is  hy  no  means  antiquated.  Dr. 
Latham  has  adopted  a  division  of  languages  which  seems 
to  be  entirely  his  own.  He  divides  all  the  languages  of 
the  world  into  four  classes,  which  he  calls  aptotic,  aggluti- 
nate, amalgamate,  and  anaptotic.  He  admits,  however,  of 
onlj-  three  methods  of  grammar  —  the  Classical,  EngUsh, 
and  Chinese.  All  the  languages,  dead  or  living,  are  re- 
ferred to  one  of  these  languages  with  astonishing  rapidity. 
There  remains  but  one  family  of  languages  which  Dr. 
Latham  considers  hypothetical  —  the  *  Arian  Indo-Ger- 
mans.'  Sanscrit  is  to  him  a  very  doubtful  language,  still 
more  its  modern  descendants  —  Hindi,  Bengali,  Mahratti, 
&c.  According  to  him  '  the  nation  that  is  at  one  and  the 
same  time  Asiatic  and  Indo-Germanic  remains  to  be  disco- 
vered.' This  prejudice  against  Sanscrit  is  not  peculiar  to 
Dr.  Latham.  It  is,  or  at  all  events  it  was,  shared  by 
manj'  who  found  it  troublesome  to  learn  this  new  lan- 
guage. Sanscrit  was  called  a  factitious  idiom  concocted  by 
the  Brahmins  after  the  expedition  of  Alexander  into  In- 
dia ;  a  theory  which  Schlegel  considers  as  '  happy  as  that 
which  would  account  for  the  Egyptian  pyramids  as  natu- 
ral crystallisations.'  There  is  another  point,  however, 
where  Dr.  L.  seems  to  have  a  fair  claim  on  originality. 
We  must  quote  his  own  words,  because  Are  might  be  sus- 
pected of  misrepresenting  his  opinions.  *  The  criticism, 
or  rather  scepticism,'  he  says, '  which  has  been  extended 
by  others  to  the  ludo-Gangetic  languages  of  Hindostan, 
is  extended  by  the  present  Avriter  to  the  Persian.'  He 
afterwards  maintains  that  the  language  'of  the  arrow- 
headed  inscriptions  is  Sanscrit.'  Colonel  Rawlinson,  Bur- 
nouf,  and  Lassen,  might  have  saved  themselves  their 
trouble  if  they  had  been  informed  of  this  before.  But  Dr. 
Latham  has  allowed  himself  to  be  misled  into  a  still 
greater  mistake.  Colonel  Rawlinson,  Burnouf,  and  Las- 
sen have  shown  that  the  Persian  branch  of  the  Indo- 
European  stock  has  preserved,  particularly  in  its  oldest 
literary  documents,  the  Zend  Avesta,  ancient  forms, 
which  occur  in  the  Veda,  but  have  been  modified  in  the 
more  modern  Sanscrit.  Dr.  Latham,  not  knowing  that 
the  language  of  the  cuneiform  inscriptions  differs  from 
that  of  the  Veda  nearly  as  much  as  that  of  Cicero  from 
Homer,  has  misunderstood  this  grammatical  observation, 


2'"i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


135 


and  imagines  that  the  language  of  Darius  approaches  so 
much  to  tho  Vedic  dialect,  as  to  prove  that  the  Veda 
cannot  be  older  than  Darius.  The  premisses  are  wrong, 
but  still  more  the  conclusion.  For  if  we  applied  this 
principle  to  other  facts  of  Comparative  Philology,  we 
might  say,  because  the  Lithuanian,  as  spoken  at  the  pre- 
sent day,  approaches  so  much  to  the  Sanscrit  as  to  possess 
in  its  declensions  Sanscrit  terminations,  which  have  been 
modified  in  the  other  Indo-European  idioms;  therefore 
Sanscrit  may  not  be  much  older  than  the  Lithuanian, 
which  any  traveller  maj'  still  hear  spoken  in  parts  of 
Prussia.  But  there  is  a  Nemesis  in  every  thing ;  and  in 
the  only  instance  where  Dr.  Latham  attempts  to  give  an 
authentic  specimen  of  cuneiform  writing  every  letter 
stands  TorsY-TUEVY." 

The  above  extract  is  in  the  form  of  a  note. 

I  had  just  risen  from  a  second  or  third  perusal 
of  Professor  Mliller's  article,  when  the  inquiry  of 
Ingir  met  my  eye,  and  I  have  lost  no  time  in  copy- 
ing out  the  learned  writer's  remarks,  which  have  an 
indirect  bearing  on  one  of  Ingib's  queries. 

Philologus. 


3^e^litS  ta  :^tnor  iStxittitg. 

Robert  Nelson  (•2"«  S.  vii.  512.)  —  A  family  for- 
merly settled  in  Yorkshire,  and  who  a  hundred 
years  ago  bore  the  name  of  Nelson,  have  always 
claimed  Robert  Nelson  as  of  their  family,  though 
they  have  no  documents  to  prove  the  relationship. 
They  still  bear,  quarterly  with  their  own,  the 
arms  of  Nelson,  viz.  or  and  sable,  parted  per  pale, 
a  chevron  between  three  fleurs-de-lis,  two  and  one, 
all  counterchanged.  There  is  reason  to  believe 
that  the  or  was  argent  formerly,  as  emblazoned  in 
a  hatchment  in  the  parish  churcli  of  Kirkby  Mal- 
ham  in  Yorkshire,  in  which  parish  the  family  to 
which  I  refer  still  retain  Nelson  property.    N.  R. 

CromwelVs  Children  ("2"*  S.  viii.  17.  5Q.  97.)— 
My  authority  for  stating  that  Oliver  the  younger 
was  killed  in  battle  near  Knaresborough  is  the 
Squire  Papers. 

Whitlocke  says  (p.  322.  2nd  ed.)  that  Oliver 
was  killed  near  Appleby  in  July,  1648.  Noble 
repeals  this  (vol.  i.  p.  134.)  Carlyle  told  us,  be- 
fore the  discovery  of  the  Squire  papers,  that,  on 
ransacking  the  old  pamphlets,  Whitlocke  turns 
out  to  be  "  indisputably  in  error."  Cromwell, 
writing  after  the  battle  of  Marston  Moor  to 
Colonel  Valentine  Walton  to  express  condolence 
with  the  latter  on  the  death  of  his  son,  says  :  — 

"  Sir, — God  hath  taken  away  j'our  eldest  son  by  a 
cannon-shot.  It  brake  his  leg.  We  were  necessitated 
to  have  it  cut  off,  whereof  he  died.  Sir,  you  know  my 
own  trials  this  way:  but  the  Lord  supported  me  with 
this,  that  the  Lord  took  him  into  the  happiness  we  all 
pant  for  and  live  for." 

Squire  says,  meeting  Colonel  Cromwell  again 
after  some  absence,  just  on  the  edge  of  Marston 
Battle,  — 

"  I  thought  he  looked  sad  and  wearied,  for  he  had  had 
a  sad  loss ;  young  Oliver  got  killed  to  death  not  long 


before,  I  heard :  it  was  near  Knaresborough,  and  30  more 
got  killed." 

Adopt  this  as  true,  and  how  thoroughly  do  we 
understand  the  before-quoted  letter  of  condo- 
lence, and  the  allusion  to  Cromwell's  "  own  trials 
this  way  !  "  The  Cromwell  pedigree  in  the  Bih. 
Top.  Brit,  disposes  of  young  Oliver  in  the  loose 
way  stated  by  your  correspondent  Cl.  Hopper — 
"  di.  young  of  the  small  pox  during  the  Civil 
War  "  —  but  gives  no  authority.  The  weight  of 
evidence  among  all  these  contradictory  state- 
ments is  clearly  with  Squire. 

Will  some  correspondent  kindly  search  the 
register  at  Felstead,  and  verify  or  disprove  the 
statement  in  the  Kentish  Mercury  that  three  of 
the  sons  of  Oliver  Cromwell  are  buried  there  ? 

J.  G.  MOETEN. 

Cheam. 

St.  Dominic  and  the  Inquisition  (2^^  S.  viii.  117.) 
—  It  has  often  been  debated  whether  or  no  this 
canonised  saint  of  Rome  was  an  inquisitor  —  the 
controversy  turning  upon  the  earliest  signification 
of  that  unenviable  title.  The  fact  is,  the  cruel 
persecutor  of  the  Albigenses  originated  the  idea 
of  the  Inquisition,"  but  did  not  live  to  witness  the 
establishment  of  it.  Providence  having,  in  1221, 
cut  him  short  in  his  murderous  career.  Eight 
years  afterwards,  or  in  1229,  the  Council  of  Tou- 
louse determined  to  establish  a  separate  tribunal, 
In  exact  accordance  with  the  scheme  originally 
propounded  by  Dominic  to  Pope  Innocent  III., 
for  robbing  of  their  lives,  liberties,  and  properties 
all  those  who  refused  to  acknowledge  the  supre- 
macy of  the  Romish  Church  —  a  mediasval  ex- 
ample of  priestcraft  which  was  quickly  imitated 
in  Italy,  Spain,  &c.  When  Innocent  constituted 
Dominic  an  Albigensian  "  missionary,"  he  in- 
vested him  at  the  same  time  with  the  title  of 
Inquisitor.  In  the  last-mentioned  capacity  his 
duty  was  not  to  punish,  but  simply  to  inquire  into- 
the  number  and  quality  of  the  "  heretics,"  the 
nature  of  their  tenets,  &c.,  and  to  denounce 
them  to  the  proper  authorities,  i.  e.  the  bishops. 
Finding,  however,  the  bishops  actuated  in  some 
measure  by  the  spirit  of  Christianity,  and  unwil- 
ling to  persecute  their  fellow  creatures  with  such 
rigour  as  he  considered  necessary,  Dominic  sug- 
gested the  establishment  of  that  tribunal  known 
so  well  afterwards  as  The  Inquisition  —  a  tribunal 
which,  by  pandering  to  the  ambition  of  the  chief 
pontiffs  (Honorius  III.  and  Gregory  IX.),  soon 
ridded  itself  as  well  of  the  control  of  the  epis- 
copal bodies  as  of  the  secular  powers.  Cf.  Llo- 
rente's  History  of  the  Inquisition  of  Spain,  Svo. 
Lond.  1 826 ;  Limborch's  History  of  the  Inquisi- 
tion, 2  vols.  4to.  Lond.  1731  ;  and  Davie's  HiS' 
tory  of  the  Inquisition,  Svo.  Lond.  j3. 

Moldwarp  (2'"»  S.  vii.  296.;  viii.  98.)  —  Mold- 
warp,  German  maidiverf ;  as  if  from  maul  and 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>"i  S.  VIII.  Alg.  13.  'o9. 


w'erfen^  mould-thrower.  Can  maul  be  translated 
mould?  In  Devonshire  they  call  him  a  waut. 
What  is  the  meaning  of  that  ?  G.  H.  K. 

Eminent  Artists  who  have  been  Scene-painters 
(2"^  S.  iii.  46.  477. ;  iv.  398. ;  vii.  327.)  —  Under 
the  above  heading  and  references,  I  have  already 
adduced  the  names  of  Inigo  Jones,  Canaletto  and 
his  father  Bernardo,  P.  J.  de  Loutherbourg,  G. 
Chambers,  David  Roberts,  Clarkson  Stanfield,  T. 
Sidney  Cooper,  and  David  Cox.  Of  the  last-named 
great  artist  interesting  memoirs  will'be  found  in  the 
Birmingham  Journal  for  June  11,  and  in  the  Il- 
lustrated London  Neivs  for  July  9.  It  appears 
from  these  two  sources  of  information  that,  in  his 
youth,  "  David  Cox  became  scene-painter  at  the 
Birmingham  Theatre,  then  under  the  management 
of  Macready,  father  of  the  eminent  tragedian,  who 
was  at  that  time  a  boy  at  Rugby  school,  and  for 
whom  young  Cox  painted  several  scenes  to  adorn 
a  small  toy-theatre  which  was  constructed  for  the 
boy's  amusement."  David  Cox  was  at  first  colour- 
grinder  to  the  scene-painters.  "  His  rise  from 
this  very  subordinate  post  was  rapid ;  no  long 
period  elapsing  ere  he  was  required  to  design  and 
produce  the  entire  scenery  for  a  new  play  about 
to  be  produced."  He  did  so :  the  whole  credit 
was  given  to  a  London  artist ;  and  the  native  ge- 
nius had  his  remonstrances  met  by  a  notice  to  quit 
in  one  week.  A  compromise  was  effected ;  and, 
*'  with  Macready,  he  travelled  from  Birmingham 
to  Leicester,  and  other  places  probably :  occa- 
sionally, when  necessity  required  his  assistance, 
trying  his  hand  upon  the  stage  in  some  subordi- 
nate character."  David  Cox  then  came  to  Lon- 
don, in  1803,  in  the  twentieth  year  of  his  age, 
"and  for  a  time  obtained  employment  in  the 
scenic  department  at  Astley's  Theatre,  but  only 
as  a  temporary  resource  till  other  arrangements 
more  suitable  to  his  homely  habits  could  be 
made." 

I  find  that  this  subject  of  "  Scene-Painters"  was 
ably  treated,  twenty-five  years  ago,  in  Brayley's 
Graphic  and  Historical  Illustrator  (pp.  381-3.), 
although  the  names  I  have  above  mentioned  (with 
two  exceptions)  are  not  recorded.  To  complete 
my  list,  it  will  be  sufficient  to  give  this  reference 
to  Brayley,  and  merely  mention  the  names  of  the 
artists :  — 

Daniel  My  tens,  Nicholas  Lanlere,  Winceslaus 
Hollar,  Signor  Fideli,  Mons.  I'Abbe,  Robert  Ag- 
gas,  Streater,  Signor  Servandoni,  Mons.  de  Voto, 
Jack  Laquerre,  George  Lambert,  Signor  Ami- 
coni,  Oram,  Frank  Hayman,  Thos.  Dall,  Hogarth 
(for  Dr.  Hoadly's  private  theatre),  Richards,  M. 
A.  Rooker,  Walmsly,  French,  Catton,  Junr., 
Signor  Novoslelski,  Hodges,  Chas.  DIbdIn  and 
son,  Wm.  Capon.  Cuthbbbt  Bede. 

Hearing  through  the  Mouth  (2"'^  S.  vii.  170.  &c.) 
Master  Mace,  the  author  of  Music's  Monument, 


availed  himself  of  this  mode  of  hearing  after  he 
had  become  deaf.  He  tells  us  that,  having  in- 
vented a  lute  which  was  "  absolutely  the  lustiest 
or  loudest  lute  that  I  ever  yet  heard,"  he  was 
able  to  hear  it  "  in  a  very  good  measure,  yet  not 
so  loud  as  to  distinguish  everything  I  play  with- 
out the  help  of  my  teeth,  which,  when  I  lay  close 
to  the  edge  of  it,  I  hear  all  I  play  distinctly."  {The 
Doctor,  Sfc,  chap,  cxcvl.)  Vebna. 

Scraping  an  Acquaintance  (2""*  S.  vill.  71.)  — 
Db.  Doean  gives  a  classical  origin  to  this  phrase, 
but  omits  to  mention  his  authority.  The  passage 
occurs  in  an  article  from  his  pen  in  the  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  (N.  S.  xxxix.  230.),  on  "The 
Masters  of  the  Roman  World  during  the  Happiest 
Years  of  the  Human  Race  : "  — 

"  There  is  an  anecdote  connected  with  Hadrian  and  the 
custom  of  bathing,  from  which  is  derived  the  proverbial 
saying  of  'scraping  an  acquaintance.'  The  Emperor,  en- 
tering a  bath,  saw  an  old  soldier  scraping  himself  witli  a 
tile.  He  recognised  the  man  as  a  former  comrade  —  his 
memory  on  such  points  never  failed  him  —  and,  pitying 
his  condition  that  he  had  nothing  better  than  a  tile  for  a 
flesh-brush,  he  ordered  the  veteran  to  be  presented  with 
a  considerable  sum  of  money,  and  a  costly  set  of  bathing 
garments.  Thereupon  all  the  old  soldiers  of  the  Imperial 
army  became  as  anxious  to  claim  fellowship  with  the 
Emperor  as  the  Kirkpatricks  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland 
are  proudly  eager  to  establish  kinship  with  the  Empress 
of  the  French.  As  Hadrian  entered  the  bath  the  day 
after  that  on  which  he  had  rewarded  his  former  comrade, 
he  observed  dozens  of  old  soldiers  scraping  themselves 
with  tiles.  He  understood  the  intent,  but  wittily  evaded 
it.  'Scrape  one  another,  gentlemen,' said  he, 'you  will 
not  scrape  acquaintance  with  me.'  " 

Vebna. 

Preservation  of  Monumental  Brasses  (2""*  S.  viii. 
107.)  —  It  may  be  satisfactory  to  A.  A.  to  learn 
that  I  have  in  the  press  a  work  on  Monumental 
Brasses,  comprising  such  a  list  as  that  suggested 
by  him.  An  advertisement  of  the  volume  may  be 
seen  in  "N.  &  Q."  for  March  5th,  1859.  Any 
notices  of  brasses  not  generally  known  to  exist, 
or  that  have  been  recently  stolen  or  mutilated, 
will  be  very  acceptable,  if  forwarded  to  me  at 
once.  H.  Haines. 

Gloucester. 

Fawnes  Family  (2°'^  S.  vii.  147.  243.)  — Your 
correspondent  J.  Ss.  may  be  quite  right  in  his 
assertion  that  there  is  no  family  of  this  name  now 
residing  in  Berwickshire ;  but  it  would  appear  from 
Hodgson's  NorthumherlaTid,  that  there  was  a  fa- 
mily of  Faunes  in  that  shire  at  a  very  early  period. 

From  that  work  I  find  there  is  a  farm  called 
Fawns  in  the  parish  of  Kirkwhelpington,  in 
Northumberland,  which  was  in  the  possession  of 
Sir  Gilbert  de  Umfravllle  In  the  fifteenth  century, 
and  has  since  belonged  to  the  various  families  of 
Tempest,  Swinburne,  and  Fenwick.  There  is 
mention  of  a  John  de  Faunes  in  the  reign  of  Hen. 
III.,  and  of  a  William  de  Faunes  in  temp.  Edw.  I. 


2"='i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


From  these  facts  it  would  seem  that  there  is  a 
place  called  Fawns  in  Northumberland  as  well  as 
in  Berwickshire  ;  also,  that  we  find  this  surname 
in  both  these  counties.  There  is  a  good  deal  of 
information  in  Hodgson's  Northumberland,  and 
perhaps  some  northern  antiquary  might  farther 
enlighten  your  correspondent  B.  M.  B.  R.  S. 

Newcastle-upon-Tyne. 

"  Kaiserlicher  Gehronter  Dichter"  (2"''  S.  iv. 
491 . ;  V.  52.)  —  Since  the  Query  respecting  "  Poets 
Laureate"  was  replied  to  in  "N".  &  Q.,"  I  have 
met  with  an  Italian  work  treating  expressly  on 
the  subject.  Its  title  is  Memorie  intorno  ai  Poeti 
Laureati,  Milan,  1839 — the  author  V.  Lancetti. 
The  work  contains  a  very  'numerous  catalogue, 
beginning  with  Linus  ("  Lino,  quasi  contempo- 
faneo  di  Orfeo,  e  di  mille  anni  anteriore  all'  Era 
volgare"),  and  terminating  with 

" SOUTEY   ROBERTO 
ANNO    1813." 

The  list  comprises  a  strange  jumble  of  names, 
e.  g-.  Hesiod,  Homer,  Menander,  Nero  (bis), 
Dante,  David  Scot,  John  Skelton,  Ariosto,  Tasso, 
Cats,  ^^  Johnson  Beniamino,'"  Dryden,  Rowe,  and 
Pye.  The  work  is  in  the  Reading  Room  of  the 
British  Museum,  press  mark  2047.  d. 

Thomas  Bots. 

Ilaxey  Hood  (2°^  S.  iv.  486.,  v.  94.)  —There  is 
an  interesting  account  of  this  custom,  evidently 
written  by  an  eye-witness,  in  the  current  number 
of  Once  a  Week,  p.  88.  I  call  attention  to  this 
article  because  it  differs  in  some  respects  from 
the  account  given  by  W.  H.  Woolhouse.  The 
number  of  "  boggans  "  are  stated  at  thirteen,  not 
twelve,  and  the  land  left  is  said  to  be  only  thir- 
teen acres  instead  of  forty.  An  additional  fact  is 
stated  that  the  "  boggans  "  do  not  allow  the  hood 
to  leave  the  ground  in  which  it  is  first  thrown  up 
till  four  o'clock,  and  the  story  of  the  origin  of 
the  sport  is  rather  different,  and  less  probable 
than  that  given  by  your  correspondent.  The 
"  smoking  "  seems  not  to  be  confined  to  the  fool, 
but  is  the  first  step  in  the  initiation  into  the 
"  Honourable  Company  of  Boggans  :  "  the  second 
step,  probably  intended  to  counteract  the  evil 
effects  of  the  first,  consists  in  what  is  technically 
called  "  cobbing  "  the  new  member  at  the  nearest 
gate.  Libya. 

Salford. 

A  Pair  of  Gloves  preferred  to  the  Bible  (2""^  S. 
viii.  71.)  — The  fact  of  the  alteration  in  the  por- 
trait of  King  Henry  VIII.,  mentioned  by  Me. 
Offor,  is  well  authenticated. 
.  A  circumstantial  account  of  the  occurrences 
connected  with  it,  is  given  in  the  Chronicle  of 
Queen  Jane  and  Queen  Mary,  edited  by  Mr.  J.  G. 
Nichols  for  the  Camden  Society,  wherein  it  is 
stated  that  the  event  happened  on  occasion  of  the 


entry  of  Philip  and  Mary  into  London  after  their 
marriage  ;  and  that  the  representation  of  the  nine 
worthies  and  Henry  VIII.  and  Edward  VI.,  wts 
placed  on  the  conduit  in  Gracious  Street.  Mr. 
Nichols,  in  a  note,  gives  a  slightly  varied  version 
of  the  story  from  Foxe,  and  adds  the  following 
(from  Harl.  MS.,  419.  f.  131.),  which  I  take  to 
be  the  source  from  which  Bailey's  notice,  quoted 
by  Me.  Offor,  was  obtained  :  — 

"  This  3-eare  the  ix  worthies  at  Graces  church  was 
painted,  and  king  Henry  the  eight  emongest  them,  with 
a  bible  in  his  hand,  written  upon  it  Verbum  Dei :  but 
commaudement  was  geven  immediately  that  it  should  be 
put  out ;  and  so  it  was,  and  a  paire  of  gloves  put  in  the 
place." 

W.  H.  Husk. 

Brathivaite  (2"*  S.  viii.  88.) — In  the  first  volume 
of  Nicolson  &  Burn's  Hist,  of  Westmorland  and 
Cumberland  (p.  190.),  is  the  following  under  the 
head  "  Brathwaites  of  Ambleside"  :  — 

"  IV.  Thomas  Brathwaite  of  Ambleside,  son  and  heir 
of  James.  This  Thomas,  in  the  last  year  of  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, obtained  a  grant  or  confirmation  of  a^ms  b}'  Wil- 
liam Segar,  Norroy  King  of  Arms  on  the  North  of  Trent ; 
setting  forth  — 

"  '  That  whereas  Thomas  Brathwaite  of  Ambleside, 
son  of  James,  son  of  Robert  of  the  same  place,  who  bore 
for  their  ancient  seals  of  arms  (to  very  many  old  deeds 
before  him  the  said  Norroy  produced),  a  horn  within  an 
escutcheon,  having  inscriptions  of  their  name  thereabout, 
and  not  knowing  certainly  what  colour  the  said  horn  or 
shield  should  be,  had  requested  him  the  said  Norroy  as 
well  to  blazon  and  set  forth  the  same  in  colours,  as  to 
appoint  him  a  crest ;  therefore  he,  the  said  Norroy,  grants 
to  him  for  his  coat  of  aims.  Or,  a  horn  sable,  with  a 
banderick  of  the  same ;  and  for  his  crest,  on  a  wreath  of 
his  colours,  a  greyhound  jacent  argent,  collared  sable, 
studded  or.' 

"  It  is  remarkable  that  this  coat  of  arms  is  the  same 
with  that  of  the  Brathwaites  in  Yorkshire,  which  may 
seem  to  argue  that  the  horn  upon  the  seal  came  from 
that  family,  though  these  Westmorland  Brathwaites  at 
that  time  were  not  aware  of  it.  And  Sir  Thomas  Brath- 
waite of  Warcop,  great  uncle  to  this  Thomas,  twenty 
years  before  this  had  a  grant  and  confirmation  of  other 
arms,  which  the  Brathwaites,  both  of  Warcop  and  Burnes- 
head,  always  bore ;  and  which  the  said  grant  sets  forth 
to  be  the  ancient  arras  of  their  families,  viz.  Gules,  on  a 
chevron  argent,  three  cross  crosslets  fitchee  sable." 

C.  L.  B. 

Ephraim  Pratt  (2""  S.  viii.  11.)— Ephraim 
Pratt,  remarkable  for  longevity,  the  grandson  of 
John  Pratt,  who  settled  at  Plymouth  in  1620, 
was  born  at  East  Sudbury,  Nov.  1,  1687.  At 
the  age  of  twenty-one  he  married  Martha  Whee- 
lock,  and  before  his  death  he  could  number  about 
1500  persons  among  his  descendants.  In  the  year 
1801  four  of  his  sons  were  living,  the  eldest  of 
whom  was  90  years  of  age,  and  the  youngest  82. 
Michael  Pratt,  his  son,  died  at  S.  in  December, 
1826,  aged  103  years.  He  was  always  remark- 
able for  temperance.  For  the  last  sixty  years  he 
had  tasted  no  wine  nor  any  distilled  spirits,  and 
he  was  never  intoxicated  in  his  life.     His  drink 


13S 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»"i  S.  YIII.  Aug.  13. '59. 


was  water,  small  beer,  and  cider.  Living  mostly 
on  bread  and  milk  for  forty  years  before  his  death, 
he  did  not  eat  any  animal  food.  Such  was  his 
uniform  health,  that  before  1801  he  had  never 
consulted  a  physician,  and  it  is  not  known  that 
he  consulted  one  afterwards.  (Cf.  Wm.  Allen's 
American  Biographical  and  Historical  Dictionary, 
2nd  edit.  Boston  (U.  S.),  1832,  p.  656,  7.)  D.  B. 
18.  Regent  Square. 

Encaustic  Paintings  at  Pompeii  (2"'*  S.  viii.  89.) 
—  A.  A.  (Poets'  Corner),  after  some  excellent  ob- 
servations on  the  encaustic  and  pseudo- encaustic 
paintings  at  Pompeii,  as  he  conceives,  and  with 
great  probability,  inquires,  "  Can  any  of  your 
readers  afford  information  on  this  curious  sub- 
ject?" If  he  has  not  already  seen  it,  and  will 
refer  to  "  N.  &  Q."  (2'^'^  S.  vii.  254.),  he  will  find 
an  article  "  On  Encaustic  Painting,"  with  the  re- 
sults of  many  experiments  both  ancient  and 
modern.  Philotechnon  Londinensis. 

Irish  Scutch  Mills  (2"''  S.  viii.  88.) — Your  cor- 
respondent Abhba  may  feel  an  interest  in  the 
following  account  of  the  MS.  of"  Front  Views  of 
Mills,"  &c.,  now  in  his  possession.  The  author, 
Peter  Besnard,  was  descended  from  a  Huguenot 
family  who  settled  in  Cork  about  the  commence- 
ment of  the  last  century.  Shortly  after  they  ap- 
pear to  have  established  a  hemp  manufactory  at 
Doughlas  in  the  south  liberties  of  the  city,  to 
which,  before  the  close  of  the  century,  was  added 
a  linen  factory,  at  that  time  the  most  extensive  in 
this  part  of  Ireland.  Mr.  Besnard's  intimate 
knowledge  of  this  branch  of  trade  procured  for 
him  the  appointment  of  Inspector  General  to  the 
Linen  Board  of  Ireland  for  the  provinces  of  Mun- 
ster,  Leinster,  and  Connaught :  the  duties  of  this 
office  caused  his  absence  from  home  for  at  least 
ten  months  of  the  year.  Some  lime  before  the 
date  of  the  MS.  in  question,  Mr.  Besnard's  notice 
was  called  to  a  lad  named  John  Harty,  who  was 
educated  in  the  Foundling  Hospital  at  Cork,  and 
who  exhibited  a  remarkable  skill  in  drawing, 
though  he  never  received  any  instruction  in  the 
art.  This  lad  Mr.  Besnard  employed  in  the  capa- 
city of  a  clerk  to  accompany  him  on  his  yearly 
tour  of  inspection,  during  which  the  materials 
were  c6llected  and  subsequently  embodied  in  the 
MS.,  which  is  altogether  the  work  of  John  Harty. 
In  1820  Mr.  Besnard  was  appointed  by  the  same 
Board  to  proceed  on  a  deputation  to  Holland,  for 
the  purpose  of  inducing  some  Dutchmen  to  visit 
Ireland,  with  a  view  to  instruct  the  inhabitants 
how  to  save  the  seed  of  hemp,  &c.  For  heretofore 
it  was  customary  to  deposit  the  seed  with  the  stalk 
during  the  process  of  decomposition,  so  that  the 
seed  had  to  be  imported.  Mr.  Besnard's  mission 
was  attended  with  success  ;  he  returned  with  two 
intelligent  Dutch  agriculturists  named  Booz  and 
Lindoch :  the  former  returned  to  his  native  coun- 


try, the  latter  died  in  the  co.  Tipperary,  and  was 
buried  at  the  abbey  of  the  Holy  Cross,  where  a 
neat  monument  marks  the  stranger's  grave.  Peter 
Besnard  was  sheriff  of  Cork  in  1804,  and  filled  the 
office  of  mayor  in  1835.  The  above  narrative  I 
had  from  his  son  John  Besnard,  Jun.,  J.  P.,  who 
was  well  acquainted  with  both  the  MS.  and  its 
writer.  To  this  intelligent  magistrate's  zeal  and 
energy  the  city  of  Cork  is  indebted  fcr  a  Police 
Court,  which,  for  architectural  beauty  and  inter- 
nal arrangements,  is  not  to  be  equalled  in  the 
kingdom.  I  may  also  mention  that  Mr.  John 
Besnard  has  in  his  possession  many  books  con- 
nected with  the  linen  trade  in  the  south  of  Ireland, 
and  I  am  quite  certain  that  he  will  feel  great 
pleasure  in  giving  any  information  in  his  power. 

li.  C. 
Cork. 

Bull  and  Bear  of  the  Stock  Exchange  (2"^  S. 
vii.  passim,  viii.  79.)  —  Invited  by  your  corre- 
spondent A.  A.  to  continue  this  subject,  I  beg  to 
offer  a  few  remarks  in  reply  to  his  last  communi- 
cation. 

The  question  is  now  "  when  were  these  terms 
generally  current  beyond  the  precincts  of  the 
Stock  Exchange  ?  " 

On  this  head  I  am  not  prepared  to  offer  an 
opinion,  but  I  can  show  that  your  correspondent 
is  mistaken  in  supposing  they  were  unknown  to 
Foote,  —  an  inference  he  rather  hastily,  I  think, 
draws  from  the  fact  that  the  quibble  he  suggests 
is  not  to  be  found  in  the  Mayor  of  Garratt. 

In  the  prologue  to  the  Maid  of  Bath,  written 
by  Garrick,  and  spoken  by  Foote,  are  these  lines : — 

"Nay  even  'Change  Alley,  where  no  bard  repairs, 
Deals  much  in  fiction  to  pass  off  their  wares, 
For  whence  the  roaring  there  ?  —  from  Bulls  and 

Bears. 
The  gaming  fools  are  doves,  the  knaves  are  rooks*, 
'Change  Alley  bankrupts  waddle  out  lame  ducks. 
But  ladies  blame  not  you  your  gaming  spouses, 
For  you,  as  well  as  they,  have  pigeon  houses." 

The  words,  I  apprehend,  made  their  way  gradu- 
ally into  use  :  but,  to  have  furnished  matter  for  a 
prologue,  addressed  to  so  miscellaneous  an  as- 
sembly as  the  audience  of  a  theatre,  the  allusion 
must  have  been  perfectly  familiar  in  1771,  when 
the  Maid  of  Bath  was  produced. 

Charles  Wylib. 

Smoking  Anecdote  (2"'^  S.  viii.  107.)  —  The 
anecdote  furnished  by  your  correspondent,  ex- 
tracted from  the  French  Anas,  Chevrceana  (ii. 
p.  51.),  is  similar  to  one  related  of  the  celebrated 
Bishop  Burnet  by  the  Kev.  Mark  Noble,  in  his 
Biographical  History  of  England  (i.  84.)  :  — 

"  Dr.  Burnet  was  extravagantly  fond  of  tobacco  and 
writing;  to  enjoy  both  at  the  same  time  he  perforated 

*  Variation.  "  The  gambling  fools  are /jjj'eons,  knaves 
are  rooks." — Foote's  Works,  1830,  vol.  iii. 


2'>d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


139 


the  broad  brim  of  his  large  hat,  and  putting  his  long 
pipe  through  it,  puffed  and  wrote,  and  wrote  and  puffed 
again." 

W.  J.  Pinks. 

"jBaratanawa  "  (2"0  S.  viii.  95.)  — Mr.  Fitz- 
Patrick,  I  hope,  will  be  induced  to  furnish  us 
with  "  a  tolerably  accurate  key  to  the  characters 
which  figure  in  this  book."  Adiiba. 

Eev.  Thomas  Harrison  (S"'^  S.  viii.  90.)  —  The 
Rev.  Thomas  Harrison,  son  of  Mr.  Thomas  Har- 
rison of  Lorimers'  Hall,  and  a  member  of  the 
church  under  the  care  of  Mr.  Joseph  Maisters 
at  Joiners'  Hall.  He  first  began  to  preach  at 
Little  Wild  Street,  April  14,  1714  ;  and  continued 
as  the  stated  preacher  there  till  January,  1729, 
when,  through  the  influence  of  his  relations 
(though  a  Baptist)  he  conformed  to  the  Church 
of  England.  He  was  author  of  a  small  volume  of 
poems  and  hymns,  some  of  which  have  appeared 
in  many  collections.  The  writer  possesses  a  copy 
of  the  first  edition  of  this  scarce  volume  :  Poems 
on  Divine  Subjects,  in  Tioo  Pai'ls,  by  Thos.  Har- 
rison, 12mo.,  pp.  84.,  London,  1719.  For  farther 
information,  see  Ivimey's  History  of  the  Baptists, 
vol.  iii.  p.  568.  D.  Sedgwick. 

NOTES   ON   BOOKS,  ETC. 

Catalogue  of  Antiquities,  Works  of  Art,  and  Historical 
Scottish  Relics  exiiibiied  in  the  Museum  of  the  Archaological 
Instittite  of  Great  Britain  and  Ireland  during  their  Annual 
Meeting  held  in  Edinburgh,  July,  1859 ;  comprising  Notices 
of  the  Portraits  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  exhibited  on  that 
Occasion,  §-c.     (Edinburgh,  Constable  &  Co.) 

We  had  last  week  to  call  attention  to  an  antiquarian 
volume  of  considerable  beauty  produced  by  a  Local  So- 
ciety, that  of  Kent.  We  have  now  to  point  to  one  of 
equal  beaut}^  with  a  somewhat  wider  scope,  being  national 
instead  of  local.  The  Collection  of  Scottish  Antiquities 
formed  in  Edinburgh  in  July,  1859,  by  the  Archceological 
Institute,  was  one  of  such  surpassing  interest  to  all  true 
lovers  of  archaeology,  that  it  would  indeed  have  been 
something  more  than  a  pity  had  it  been  allowed  to  pass 
awaj'  and  leave  no  sign.  But  a  better  fate  awaited  it. 
The  accomplished  antiquarj'  to  whose  zeal  and  judgment, 
aided  by  the  liberality  of  the  possessors  of  objects  of  na- 
tional interest,  the  Museum  owed  its  formation,  has  be- 
come the  editor  of  the  Catalogue,  and  produced  under 
that  title  a  volume  full  of  most  instructive  details 
upon  all  points  of  antiquarian  and  artistic  learning,  —  a 
work  rich  in  materials  for  the  social  history  of  our 
northern  brethren,  full  of  curious  and  recondite  lore  on 
every  class  of  objects  exhibited,  from  the  rude  stone  celt 
to  the  Lennox  Jewel,  and  the  portraits  of  Mary  Queen  of 
Scots ;  the  whole  being  profusely  illustrated  in  a  manner 
worthy  of  the  text,  and  calculated  to  satisfy  even  one  so 
particular  in  all  such  matters  as  Mr.  Way  himself.  It  is, 
in  short,  a  model  of  what  such  a  Catalogue  should  be,  and 
no  antiquarj',  certainly  no  Scottish  antiquary,  should  be 
without  it.  Had  Monkbarns  seen  it,  he  would  have  gone 
daft  with  delight. 

The  Life  and  Theatrical  Times  of  Cliarles  Kean,  F.S.A., 
including  a  Summary  of  the  English  Stage  for  the  last 
Fifty  J^ears,  and  a  detailed  Account  of  the  Management 


of  the  Princess's  Theatre  from  1850  to  1859.    By  John 
^Villiam  Cole.    2  vols.    (Bentle.y.) 

Mr.  Cole's  work  divides  itself  very  naturally  into  two 
perfectly  distinct  branches.  The  one,  the  theatrical  times 
of  Charles  Kean,  which,  abounding  as  it  does  with  gos- 
siping and  anecdotical  matter  respecting  Kemble,  Ed- 
mund Kean,  Dowton,  Listen,  Munden,  and  others  of  the 
great  actors  whom  we  are  old  enough  to  have  seen  and 
admired,  will  be  read  with  great  delight  by  all  old  play- 
goers, who  will  find  in  it  many  pleasant  reminiscences  of 
their  favourites  of  bygone  days.  The  other,  devoted  more 
particularly  to  the  life  of  Charles  Kean,  will,  we  think, 
make  many  among  the  warmest  admirers  of  tliat  accom- 
plished actor's  dramatic  talents  and  high  personal  cha- 
racter, regret  that  he  has  not  exercised  the  influence 
which  "  years  of  uninterrupted  private  friendship  and  pro- 
fessional association  "  with  the  author  ought  to  give  him,  to 
have  curtailed  the  book  of  much  that  is  calculated  to  make 
the  judicious  grieve.  The  last  chapter,  the  account  of  the 
dinner  given  to  Mr.  Kean  on  his  retirement,  and  the  com- 
pliments so  deservedly  paid  on  that  occasion  by  the  Duke 
of  Newcastle  both  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Charles  Kean,  and  espe- 
cially for  the  interest  with  which  they  have  both  watched 
over  all  those  connected  with  their  establishment,  is  the 
best  in  the  book.  By-the-bye  we  must  correct  Mr.  Cole 
in  one  of  his  facts.  Mrs.  Charles  Kean  did  not  make  her 
first  appearance  in  Edinburgh.  We  saw  her  play  in 
Edinburgh,  but  we  had  previously  had  the  pleasure  of 
seeing  her  play  in  London,  Olivia  in  Twelfth  Night,  to  her 
sister's  Viola;'  and  admirably  she  did  play  it. 

The  Sonnets,  Triumphs,  and  other  Poems  of  Petrarch, 
now  first  completely  translated  into  Englisli  Verse  by  various 
Hands.  With  a  Life  of  the  Poet  by  Thomas  Campbell. 
With  Sixteen  Engravings  on  Sted.     (Bohn.) 

To  Wright's  Dante,  Wiffen's  Tasso,  W.  S.  Rose's  Ari- 
osto,  Mr.  Bohn  has  now  added  a  very  fitting  companion- 
volume  in  this  series  of  translations  from  Petrarch  ;so  that 
excellent  English  versions  of  "  I  quattro  Poeti  Italiani " 
are  now  easily  obtainable  by  readers  who  are  not  familiar 
with  the  Italian  language.  The  volume  is  the  work  of 
many  hands,  and  owes  its  completeness  to  the  liberality 
with  which  Major  Macgregor,  who.  has  lately  translated 
nearly  the  whole  of  Petrarch  with  great  closeness,  both  as 
to  matter  and  form,  has  permitted  Mr.  Bohn  to  make  use 
of  his  labours. 

Books  Received. — 

An  Alphabetical  Dictionary  of  Coats  of  Arms  belonging 
to  Families  in  Great  Britain  and  L'eland,  forming  an  ex- 
tensive Ordinary  of  British  Armorials,  upon  an  entirely 
New  Phin.    By  John  W.  Papworth.   (Part  III.  for  1859.) 

We  are  glad  to  record  the  appearance  of  the  third  part 
of  Mr.  Papworth's  Ordinary  of  British  Armorials,  and 
sincerely  hope  that  each  successive  part  brings  him  an 
addition  to  his  list  of  subscribers,  so  that  this  most  useful 
work  may  the  sooner  be  brought  to  its  completion. 

Lord  Byron's  Poetical  Works  (Murray's  Complete  Edi- 
tion.)    Part  VII. 

Containing  the  remainder  of  the  Occasional  Pieces,  and 
the  first  four  Cantos  of  Don  Juan. 

Boswell's  Life  of  Johnson.  Edited  by  the  Right  Hon. 
J.  W.  Croker.     Part  VI.,  with  Illustrations.     (Murray.) 

Carries  on  the  Life  during  the  years  1770,  1777,  and 
1778,  with  a  portrait  of  the  Doctor 'from  a  miniature  said 
to  have  been  worn  in  a  bracelet  by  Mrs.  Johnson. 

The  Poetical  Works  of  Thomas  Moore.  Part  V. 
(Longman.) 

Contains  The  Summer  Fete,  Evenings  in  Greece,  Legen- 
dary Ballads,  and  Miscellaneous  Poems. 

Tales  from  Bentley.     Part  II. 

Contains  Tlie  Two  Butlers  of  Kilkenny ;  A  Tale  of 
Grammarye ;    Richie  Baxter ;    The    Devil   and    Johnny 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  s.  VIII.  Aug.  13.  '5f. 


Dixon;  The  Good- for -Nothing;  and  Old  Morgan  at  Pa- 
nama. 

Thiers's  Histori/  of  the  French  Rtvolution,  with  itlustru- 
tive  Notes  from  the  most  Authentic  Sources.  Part  IV. 
(Bentley.)    Illustrated  with  a  portrait  of  Lafayette. 

Moutledge^s  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  the  Rev. 
J.  G.  Wood.    Part  V.    (Routledge  &  Co.) 

Treats  of  cats,  hyenas,  civets,  and  various  allied  ani- 
mals, and  is,  as  usual,  admirably  illustrated. 

Wool  and  Woollen  Manufactures  of  Great  Britain.  A 
Historical  Sketch  of  its  Rise,  Progress,  and  present  Position. 
(Samuel  Brothers.) 

This  volume  afFoixls  a  curious  illustration  of  the  man- 
ner in  which  literary  information  is  made  to  bear  upon 
commercial  enterprise.  It  contains  a  rapid  review,  ap- 
parently compiled  with  great  pains,  of  the  commercial 
history  of  wool  and  its  manufacture,  and  is  published  by 
Messrs.  Samuel,  the  well-known  tailors  of  Ludgate  Hill ; 
and  is  to  be  followed  by  two  others,  viz.  one  on  the 
Natural  History  of  Wool  —  the  third  on  the  Mechanical 
History  of  its  Manipulation  and  Manufacture. 


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gpeare's  Tempest ;  Mr.  Corner's  List  of  Inhabitants  of  Old  London 
Bridge ;  Articles  on  Archbishop  Leighton,  by  Rev.  J.  iV.  Pearson,  4-c. 

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dissolution  of  the  Ecclesiastical  History  Society.  See  "  N.  &  Q.,  1st  S. 
xii.  205.  292. 

Erhatum.— 2nd  S.  viii.p.  118.  col.  ii.  1.3.  /br"Mal.  ix.20."  recKi"Mat. 
ix.  20." 

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Contents  of  No.   188.  —  August  6th, 

NOTES  :  —  Junius  and  Henry  Flood  — A  General  Literary  Index  — 
How  the  Lord  High  Chancellor  goes  to  Westminster  —  Solution  of  a 
Bibliographical  Puzzle  —  M.  Sullacombe ,  and  the  Streets  of  Loudon. 

Minor  Notes  : —  Alexander  Pope's  Chair  —  Illustration  of  "Boswell's 
Johnson  "—Sir  Walter  Raleigh— Preservation  of  Monumental  Brasses 

—  Smoking  Anecdote  —  Handel's  Hallelnjah  Chorus. 

QUERIES  :  —  Medieval  Architecture  of  Venice. 

Minor  Queries  :  — Bacon  on  Conversation  —  A  Charity-box  for  Dis- 
tressed Gentlemen  —  Prayer  on  setting  forth  an  Expedition,  probably 
in  the  Reign  of  Elizabeth—  "Liberavi  animam  meam  "—  Chambers 
for  the  Duke  of  Mantua's  Dwarfs  —  Scotch  Genealogies  —  Bishop  Po- 
cocke's  "  Tour  through  Ireland  "  —  Major  Duncanson  and  the  Massa- 
cre of  Glencoe  —  Mr.  Wells  —  Life  is  before  y e,  &c. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  —  Dr.  Latham's  Theory  of  Indo-Euro- 
pean Languages— John  Gilpin  — S.  John  the  Evangelist —Mount  St. 
Michael. 

REPLIES:  —On  Style  in  General,  Bibliography, Typography,  Trans- 
lation, and  several  other  Things,  by  Philarite  Chasles  —  Archbishop 
Leighton's  Works,  by  Sir  J.  Emerson  Tennent,  &c.  —  Titles  conferred 
by  Oliver  Cromwell  —  Adenborough,  by  Rev.  T.  Boys,  &c.  — Lord 
Erskiue  and  Rev.  Wm.  Cockiu  — "  Harpoys  et  Fissheponde,"  by  Rev. 
T.  Boys. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries:  —  Osmunda  Regalis  _  Shelley  and  Bar- 
hamwick  — Herbert  Knowlcs- Designation  of  Works  under  Review 

—  Passports  —  Menoe  or  Mense  Family  —Torture :  S.  Dominic  —  Dates 
of  Birth  and  Death  of  British  and  American  Authors  —  Ulphilas  — 
Gravediggers  —  Faber  v.  Smith. 

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2»"»  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


141 


LONDON,  SATURDAY.  AUGUST  20.1959. 


No.  190.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :  —  Autobiographical  Passage  in  Shakspeare's  "  Tempest,"  by 

D.  D.  Asher,  141 —Patron  Saints,  76 — Old  London  Bridge,  by  G. 

E.  Comer,  H2_  Miltoniana,  by  CI.  Hopper,  lb. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Sundial  with  retro^ading  Shadow  —  Aged  Bride  and 
Bridegroom '—  Fowling  and  Matrimony  —  Mode  of  celebrating  a 
Birth  —  Jews  in  Oxford,  and  Halls  named  after  them  —  Bonded 
Warehouses,  lu. 

QUERIES  !—  Gay,  145— j|||ron  Wratislaw's  Ca_pti_yitj;  in  Turkey,  by 


A.  H.  Wratislaw,  lb. 


■Iters  in  the  Quarterly  Review,  lb. 


Minor  Qderies  :  _  Cokam  or  Coxam  House:  Mr.  Crewe's  Wyrwail, 

Chideok  or  Chadwick  —  "  The  Traveller"  —  John  Van  Lewen,  M.D 

St.  Andrew's  Parish,  Dublin  —  Illoqucs  —  London  Antiquities "  The 

Complete  Irish  Traveller"  — Dr.  Samuel  Pegge— Sir  James  Flower, 
Bart. -Sir Robert  Peel, Bart., &c.,  146. 

Minor  Qoeries  with  Answers:  —  Sir  Charles  Bawdin —  Admiral  Had- 
dock —  Nevinson  —  Dr.  Hoadly's  Private  Theatre— Hanged,  drawn, 
and  quartered,  148. 

REPLIES:  —  Archbishop  Leighton's  Works,  by  John  N.  Pearson,  &c., 
150 ,-  Henry  Smith,  Lecturer  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  by  C.  H.  &  Thomp- 
son Cooper,  152  — Herbert  Knowles,  153 —  How  the  Lord  High  Chan- 
cellor goes  to  Westminster,  by  Edward  Foss,  lb.  —  Mont  St.  Michael, 
Normandy,  154. 

RjiPLiEs  TO  Minor  Queries:  —  Vincent  Dowling,  and  the  Parliament 
of  Punlico- The  Hill  Family:  Abigail  Hill—  Tennyson's  "  Enid  "_ 

Vertue's  "  Draughts  "— Shooting  Soldiers  —  Greek  Word— Motto 

Liberavi  animam  meam,  &c.,  155. 

Monthly  Feuilleton  on  French  Books,  157. 


AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL   PASSAGE   IN   SHAKSPEARE's 
"  TEMPEST." 

While  attempts  are  being  made  in  some  quar- 
ters to  shake  our  belief,  if  not  in  the  existence  of 
Shakspeare,  at  least  in  his  authorship  of  the  dra- 
mas ascribed  to  him,  every  glimpse  they  afford  us 
in  elucidating  the  question  ought,  I  believe,  to  be 
carefully  searched  for  and  welcomed ;  provided, 
of  course,  it  prove  indeed  a  light,  and  not  a  mere 
"  Will  o'  the  wisp."  A  similar  conviction  may 
have  induced  the  celebrated  judge  to  examine  all 
the  passages  in  support  of  his  own  hypothesis,  and 
testifying  to  Shakspeare's  legal  knowledge.  Whe- 
ther the  judge  has  in  this  instance  shown  himself 
to  be  a  good  pleader  in  his  own  case,  it  is  not  for 
me  to  say.  What  I  have  to  bring  forward  will 
not  aid  us,  indeed,  in  ascertaining  the  original 
calling  of  Shakspeare,  but  is  intended  with  more 
moderate  pretension  to  point  out  what  appears 
to  me  an  autobiographical  fragment  in  the  writ- 
ings of  the  great  dramatist.  '  Of  the  few  facts 
known  to  us  of  his  life,  the  one  touching  the  mo- 
rality of  Shakspeare  has,  like  the  rest,  given  rise 
to  a  good  deal  of  discussion  among  the  commen- 
tators. I  am  referring  to  the  premature  birth  of 
his  child  after  six  months'  marriage.  Among 
others,  Charles  Knight  has  defended  Shakspeare's 
morality  on  the  plea  that  in  the  poet's  age  the 
troth- plight  was  equivalent  to  the  nuptial  cere- 
mony of  the  present  day.  Whether  this  plea  be 
valid  or  not,  I  leave  others  to  decide  :  my  know- 
ledge of  the  matrimonial  rites  of  those  times  not 
enabling  me  to  pronounce  an  opinion.  But  if  my 
interpretation  of  the  passage  in  The  Tempest, 
Act  IV.  Sc.  1.,  be  correct,  I  am  afraid  Knight's 


plea  cannot  stand  :  for  that  passage,  to  my  mind 
at  least,  shows  the  culprit  himself  to  be  at  vari- 
ance with  his  advocate,  and  to  reject  his  defence. 
Indeed,  he  comes  forward  to  arraign  himself  and 
pleads  guilty  in  the  face  of  all  the  world.  I  have 
unfortunately  access  to  but  a  few  commentators, 
none  of  whom  have  any  remark  on  the  passage  in 
question ;  and  I  am,  therefore,  not  in  a  position 
to  say  how  far  my  interpretation  is  already  sup- 
ported by  others,  or  whether  it  is  entirely  new. 
The  passage  alluded  to  runs  thus :  — 

"• But 

If  thou  dost  break  her  virgin  knot  before 
All  sanctimonious  ceremonies  may 
With  full  and  holy  rite  be  minister'd, 
No  sweet  aspersion  shall  the  heavens  let  fall 
To  make  this  contract  grow ;  but  barren  hate, 
Sour-eyed  disdain,  and  discord,  shall  bestrew 
The  union  of  your  bed  with  weeds  so  loathly, 
That  you  shall  hate  it  both.    Therefore  take  heed, 
As  Hj'men's  lamp  shall  light  you." 

Now,  I  am  bold  enough  to  maintain,  that,  how- 
ever marvellous  Shakspeare's  insight  into  the 
human  heart  in  all  conditions  and  ranks  undoubt- 
edly wasj  none,  who  had  not  himself  experienced 
this  particular  state  of  mind — in  short,  none  who 
had  not  himself  been  so  situated — could  ever 
have  penned  these  lines.  And  Shakspeare  was  so 
situated.  For,  assuming  the  facts  to  be  well  as- 
certained, he  was  not  happy  in  his  conjugal  life, 
and  abandoned  wife  and  home  a  few  years  after 
marriage.  Farther  comment  would,  I  believe,  be 
superfluous.  The  lines  quoted  speak  for  them- 
selves. However  we  may  regret  it,  both  for  the 
sake  of  Shakspeare  and  his  advocate,  they  upset 
Knight's  plea,  and  assign  a  valid  reason  for  the 
poet's  removal  to  London.  If  then  my  interpre- 
tation be  accepted,  a  new  autobiographical  frag- 
ment would  have  been  gained;  and  by  diligent 
research  additional  ones  may  perhaps  be  dis- 
covered, corroborating  other  incidents  of  his  life 
resting  as  yet  on  but  a  dubious  basis. 

D.  D.  ASHEB. 

TLeipsic,  July,  1859. 


PATRON   SAINTS. 

I  have  never  seen  a  list  of  patron  saints  set 
forth  anywhere.  Perhaps,  therefore,  the  follow- 
ing, though  incomplete,  may  be  acceptable,  and 
will  be  increased  or  perfected  by  the  contributions 
of  your  correspondents. 

To  begin  with  the  countries  of  Europe  :  — 

England  -  -  St.  George,  native  of  Cappadocia. 

Scotland  -  -  St.  Andrew  „  Judaea  (Apostle). 

Wales  -  ■•  -  St.  David  „  Wales. 

Ireland  -  -  St.  Patrick  „  Scotland, 

France  -  -  St.  Denis  „  Paris. 

Spain    -  -  -  St.  James  „  Judaja  (Apostle). 

Italy     -  -  -  St.  Anthony  „  Egypt. 

Russia  likewise,  I  believe,  claims  St.  Andrew, 


142 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n««  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59. 


and  Portugal  St.  George.  In  a  complimentary 
poem  on  the  marriage  of  Charles  II.  and  Cathe- 
rine of  Braganza  written  at  the  time,  we  are  told 
that 

"  the  Portugueses  vaunt 
Saint  George,  their  patron  and  tutelar  saunt." 

(  Vide  Miss  Strickland's  Lives  of  the  Queens  of 
England.') 

Next  we  have  — 
St.  Cuthbert,  Patron  Saint  of  Durham  Diocese. 


St.  Chad 
St.  Werberge 
St.  Prides  wide 
St.  Mungo 
St.  Genevieve 
St.  Peter 


Lichfield  City  and  Diocese. 

Chester  City. 

Oxford  City. 

Glasgow  City. 

Paris  City. 

Corporation  of  London. 


Lastly,  we  come  to  arts,  professions,  and  gene- 
ral matters  — 


St  Anthonj-,  Patron 
St.  Benedict 
St.  Dunstan 
St.  Blaise 
St.  Hubert 
St.  Crispin  and  )> 
Crispian  j 

St.  Barbara 

St.  Catharine 
St.  Cecilia 
St.  Giles 
St.  Boniface 
St.  Margaret 
St.  Walston 
St.  Leonard 

St.  Julian 

St.  Martha 

St.  Michael 

St.  Augustine 

St.  Eligius 

St.  John  Colombine 

St.  William,  Archb. 

St.  Anne 

St.  Nicholas 

St.  John  Evangelist 
St.  John  Baptist 
St.  Mary  Magdalene 


Hongkong,  June  2, 1859. 


of  Monks  and  Monasteries. 
„  Monks. 

„  Monks  also. 

„  Woolcombers. 

,,  Hunting  and  Dogs. 

„  Shoemakers. 

r  Knights  and  Chivalry,  and 
„       4     in  later  times  Fire-arms 

(     and  Gunpowder. 
„  Learning  and  Education. 

„  Music. 

„  Cripples  and  Beggars. 

„  Innkeepers. 

„  Women  in  Child-birth. 

„  Farmers. 

,,  Prisoners  and  Captives. 

f  Travellers,   Ferrj'men,    and 
"        (     wandering  Minstrels. 
„  Housekeeping. 

„  The  Church  Militant. 

,,  Theologians. 

„  Blacksmiths  and  Farriers. 

„  Honest  Workmen. 

„  Tailors.    (  Vide  Doran's  jHa- 

bits  and  Men,  p.  229.) 

f  Ostlers,  Grooms,  and  Stable- 
"       I     boys ;  also  of  Wells. ' 

f  Sailors,      Fishermen,     <yid 
"       \     Schoolboys. 
„  Knights  Templars. 

„  Missionaries. 

Penitents. 

W.  T.  M. 


OLD    LONDON    BRIDGE. 

The  following  list  of  inhabitants  on  that  part  of 
Old  London  Bridge  which  was  in  the  parish  of 
St.  Olave,  Southwark,  viz.  from  the  bridge  foot 
to  the  drawbridge,  is  from  a  poor  rate  made  for 
the  parish  of  St.  Olave,  23rd  Sept.  1735.  And 
it  is  to  be  noted  that  the  whole  of  the  bridge,  in- 
cluding the  houses  on  each  side  of  the  bridge-foot 
on  the  Southwark  side,  as  far  as  Tooley  Street  on 
the  east  and  Pepper  Alley  on  the  west  side  of  the 


Borough  High  Street,  was  part  of  Bridge  Ward 
within  the  City  of  London  :  — 

"LONDON  BKIDGE. 

David  Langton 


George  Hayward  -  -  -  - 

Henry  Wickenden  -  -  -  - 

Jacob  Foster  -  -  -  - 

Michael  Thomas  -  -  -  - 

John  Davis   .  -  -  -  - 

Basil  Denn    -  -  -  -  - 
Jonathan  Cotton  (House  and#Varehouse), 

101.  10s. 

Amos  Wenman  -  -  -  - 

Brandiston  Weld  -  -  -  - 

John  Stone    -  -  -  -  - 

Richard  Carter  .  _  -  - 

Thos.  Bickham  _  -  -  - 

Cornelius  Herbert  -  -  -  - 

Thomas  Wright  -  -  .       - 

Henry  Barber  .  .  .  _ 

Thos.  Churcher  .  -  .  . 
James  Brooke,  Esq.,  and  Partner 

Edmund  Den  .  .  _  - 

Mary  Harrison  .  .  -  - 

Wm.  Strange  .... 

Thos.  Bickham  -  .  .  - 

Saml.  Austin  .  .  .  - 

Thos.  Doughty  .  -  .  - 

Piggott  Wm.  West  -  -  -  - 

Nathl.  Gladman  .  .  .  - 


s.  d. 

6  6 

6  6 

6  G 

10  10 

4  4 

8  8 

8  8 


8  8 

4  4 

8  8 

4  4 

8  8 

6  6 

10  10 

4  4 


4 

6 

17 


Lewis  Dymoke  ... 

Mark  Carpenter        ... 
Richd.  Coart  -  -  -  - 

Wm.  East     -  -  -  -  -      8 

Joseph  Luke  -  -  -  -  -      4 

Thomas  Stapleton     -  -  -  -      4 

Robept  Cocker  -  -  -  -      4 

"  Assessed  by 

"  Cornelius  Herbert, 
"  James  Brooke, 

"  Ancient  Inhabitants. 
"  Allowed  by  Sir  George  Champion, 
Alderman  of  London." 

Any  information  respecting  these  old  inhabit- 
ants of  London  Bridge,  their  trades  and  oc- 
cupations, families  or  connexions,  or  in  any  way 
note-worthy  concerning  them  —  especially  as  to 
Jonathan  Cotton,  who  I  believe  was  of  the  same 
family  as  Sir  Allin  Cotton,  Lord  Mayor,  1625, 
viz.  from  Whitchurch,  Salop,  —  will  be  acceptable 
to  Geo.  R.  Coenee. 


MILTONIANA. 


Pursuant  to  my  former  proposition,  I  now  print 
a  series  of  papers  passed  over  by  Todd  relative  to 
John  Milton's  composition  for  the  Powell  estates, 
supplying  material  to  fill  up  the  various  hiatuses 
which  occur  in  the  volume  issued  by  that  gentle- 
man in  1 826.  Notwithstanding  Todd's  researches 
among  the  original  papers  in  the  State  Paper 
Office,  I  have  reason  to  believe  that  much  remains 
to  be  discovered,  not  only  there  but  elsewhere, 
by  any  zealous  and  painstaking  historian :  — 

« 1650,  Aug.  22. 
"  Uppoa  the  peticon  of  Anne  Powell,  late  wife  of  Richard 


2«-»  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


143 


Powell  of  Forest  Hill,  in  the  county  of  Oxon,  Esq.,  shew- 
ing that  the  pet"  said  husband  having  a  fyne  sett  uppon  him 
for  his  delinquency  dyed  before  payment  thereof  made,  and 
having  di  vers  great  incumbrances  charged  uppon  his  Estate, 
and  the  Com"""  of  Oxford  disposing  of  his  p'sonall  Estate, 
the  pef  desires  deduccOns  and  abatem*'  accordingly.  It 
is  ordered  that  his  case  be  referred  unto  M''  Brereton, 
who  is  to  make  report  thereof  unto  this  Com"**.  Upon 
the  peticon  of  John  Milton  desiring  to  compound  for 
extent  upon  the  estate  of  the  late  above  said  Richard 
Powell,  it  is  ordered  that  he  be  admitted  to  composicOn 
accordingly,  and  that  it  be  referred  ut  supra." 

"  Die  Martis,  d'o  Martij,  1650. 
"  Upon  the  report  of  M'.  Brereton  in  the  case  of  John 
Milton  desireinge  to  compound  upon  the  Act  of  1»  Au- 
gust!, 1650,  for  certaine  messuages,  lands,  and  tythes  in 
the  said  report  raenconed,  beinge  late  the  lands  and  pre- 
misses of  Richard  Powell  late  of  Forest  Hill  in  the  co.  of 
Oxford,  gent'.,  deceased,  and  extended  by  the  s'^  John 
Milton  upon  a  statute  of  five  hundred  poundes  acknow- 
ledged to  him  by  the  said  Rich*!  Powell  and  W"  Heme, 
Citizen  and  Goldsmith  of  London,  as  by  the  s<i  report  of 
M""  Brereton  and  particuler  thereunto  annexed  appeares 
(coppies  whereof  are  hereunto  annexed  and  attested  by 
our  Reg""),  it  is  resolved  and  soe  ordered  that  the  pef  be 
admitted  to  compound  for  the  premisses  att  the  fine  of 
one  hundred  and  thirty  pounds  now  set,  and  that  upon 
payment  of  one  moiety  of  the  s"*  fine  within  fourteen© 
dayes  into  the  Trery  att  Goldsmiths  hall,  and  producing 
his  acquittance  for  y«  same,  the  seq":""  of  y»  premisses 
shall  then  be  suspended,  and  y*  he  doe  pay  in  y*  other 
moiety  w'l'in  6  weekes  after,  and  thereupon  y"  seq«o"  shalbe 
discharged,  and  the  pef,  his  exo""',  ado""",  and  ass"  shall 
have  and  enjoy  the  before  menconed  premisses  soe  com- 
pounded for  as  well  till  the  said  fine  of  130'  as  his  owne 
just  debt  is  fully  satisfied  according  to  the  Act  of  1"  Au- 
gusti,  1650,  aforesaid." 

«  4*0  Martij.  1050. 
"  Ordered — That  John  Milton  doe  pay  into  the  Trefy 
att  Goldsmiths  Hall  as  a  fine  imposed  according  to  the 
late  Act  of  Parliam'  of  the  first  of  August,  1050,  touching 
Extents,  Mortgages,  &".  the  sume  of  one  hundred  and 
thirty  pounds,  being  for  an  estate  belonging  to  Richard 
Powell,  late  of  Forest  Hill,  in  the  county  of  Oxford,  gent, 
deceased,  and  extended  by  the  said  John  Milton,  the  one 
moiety  of  the  s'^  fine  w'^in  14  dayes,  and  the  remainder 
w">in  6  weekes  after." 

«'  120  Martij,  1650. 
"Whereas  wee  ordered  the  fowerth  of  this  instant 
March  that  John  Milton  should  compound  for  certaine 
messuages,  lands,  and  tythes  lately  belonging  to  Richard 
Powell,  late  of  Forest  Hill,  in  the  county  of  Oxford,  Gent°. 
deed,  menconed  in  the  report  of  M^  Brereton  to  y»  s"^ 
order  annexed,  and  y*  he  should  pay  as  a  fine  for  y*  same 
the  sume  of  one  hundred  and  thirty  poundes,  and  y*  he 
should  pay  in  a  moiety  of  the  s*!  fine  w'Mn  14  dayes  then 
next,  and  upon  his  produceing  of  an  acquittance  of  his 
paym«  of  the  s^  moiety  the  seq'^o"  should  be  suspended, 
w<=''  s<i  acquittance  is  now  produced  to  us.  It  is  therefore  or- 
dered that  the  s*!  soq<^on  be  accordingly  suspended,  and  y '  the 
8*1  M''  Milton  or  his  ass«*  be  permitted  to  receive  the  rents, 
yssues,  and  proifits  of  the  aforesaid  lands  and  premises 
accordingly,  he  having  given  security  for  paym*  of  the 
second  moiety  w'Mn  the  tyme  lymitted." 

"27  Martij,  1651. 
"  Whereas  wee  ordered,  4  Martij,  1650.  that  John  Mil- 
ton should  bee  admitted  to  compound  according  to  the 
Act  of  1"'°  Augusti  last  for  certaine  messuages,  lands,  and 
tythes  menconed  in  the  report  of  M'  Brereton  and  parti- 
culer thereunto  annexed,  extended  by  the  s<*  John  Milton 


upon  a  statute  of  500"  acknowledged  unto  him  by  Richard 
Powell,  late  of  Forest  Hill  in  the  county  of  Oxford,  gent., 
deed,  and  W"  Heme,  Citizen  and  Goldsmith  of  London, 
and  that  hee  should  pay  as  a  fine  for  the  s*  premisses 
the  sume  of  one  hundred  and  thirty  poundes  then  sett, 
and  that  upon  payment  of  one  moiety  of  the  s"i  fine  w*Ma 
14  dayes  the  seq«o"  of  the  premises  should  be  suspended, 
and  upon  paym»  of  the  other  moiety  within  6  weekes 
after  the  seq<=o"  of  the  s^  premises  should  be  discharged. 
Now,  for  that  it  appeares  to  us  by  two  sev'all  acquittances 
under  the  hands  of  the  Trefs  att  Goldsmiths  hall,  that 
the  s"i  John  Milton  has  paid  in  the  full  fine.  It  is  there- 
fore ordered  that  the  s^  John  Milton,  his  executo"'',  ad- 
ministrato",  and  assignes  shall  have  and  enjoy  the  before 
menconed  premises  soe  compounded  for,  as  well  till  the 
sd  fine  of  130"  as  his  owne  just  debt  w*''  due  interest  is 
fully  satisfied  and  paid  according  to  the  s''  act  of  the  1st 
of  Aug'  last,  1650,  afores*,  intituled  An  Act  touchinge 
extents,  Mortgages,  &c.,  all  w<='»  the  Com'''  in  the  coun- 
trey,  and  all  others  whom  it  concernes  are  to  take  notice 
of,  and  see  performed  accordingly." 

"7  Junij,  1653. 
"  In  compliance  to  an  ord""  from  y*  Court  of  Aides  (  ?) 
of  y  26th  of  May,  1653,  in  the  case  of  M"  Ann  Powell, 
whereby  wee  are  directed  to  certifie  unto  sev'all  particu- 
lers  set  downe  att  the  bottome  of  y®  s'^  ord'  touching  the 
Estate  late  of  Richard  Powell,  Esq.,  her  late  husband, 
deed.  Wee  doe  hereby  certifie  that  M"^  John  Pj-e,  second 
Sonne  of  S"'  Robt.  Pj'e,  Knight,  and  John  Milton,  Esq., 
have  compounded  for  parcell  of  the  Estate  of  the  said 
Richard  Powell  according  to  y"  Act  of  1"  Aug.  1650i 
(viz*),  the  said  John  Pye  for  lands  of  y«  yearly  value  of 
272'  15',  it  being  a  lease  for  31  yeares,  and  his  clayme 
was  by  vertue  of  a  mortgage  thereof  made  unto  y*  st*  S'' 
Rob'  Pye,  and  since  by  him  assigned  unto  the  s"*  John, 
upon  w'^''  mortgage  there  was  oweing  to  him  the  sume  of 
1238',  for  w^''  estate  (respect  being  had  to  his  s''  debt  and 
damages)  the  fine  was  576'  12«  S**  w<='»  he  hath  paid  into  y« 
Trefy  att  Goldsmiths  hall.  And  the  said  M""  Milton  hath 
likewise  compounded  for  an  other  part  of  y«  s"*  M""  Powells 
Estate  upon  the  said  Act,  w^i*  he  valued  in  his  particuler 
att  80'y  poundes  per  ann.  in  fee,  out  of  w^""  he  was  allowed 
the  thirds  w'^''  he  paid  to  M"  Powell  for  her  dower,  and 
his  clayme  was  by  vertue  of  an  extent  upon  a  statute  of 
500'  acknowledged  unto  him  by  the  s"!  Richard  Powell, 
for  w'l^  (after  allowance  made  for  his  debt  and  damages) 
his  fine  was  130'  which  he  hath  paid  into  the  Trei^y  att 
Goldsmiths  hall  as  by  y"  severall  papers  annexed  and  at- 
tested by  o''  Reg""  more  fully  appeares. 

"  S.  M.    J.  B. 

"  A.  S.    R.  M.» 

In  the  year  1653  this  property  was  released 
from  sequestration;  for  in  one  of  the  Council 
Books,  under  the  subjoined  date,  we  find  the  fol- 
lowing resolution  entered :  — 

«  26  Oct.  1653. 
"  Upon  mocon  of  M''  Martyn  of  Councell  in  the  behalfe 
of  M"  Anne  Powell,  widow,  relict  and  administratrix  of 
Richd  Powell,  late  of  Forest  Hill  in  the  county  of  Oxford, 
Esq.  deceased,  and  Richard  Powell,  sonne  and  heire  of  the 
said  Richard  Powell,  moveing  that  according  to  judge- 
ment of  the  Court  of  Articles  given  the  15">  of  July  last 
the  lands  and  estate  late  of  the  said  Richard  Powell  may 
be  discharged  from  sequestracon,  and  upon  reading  the 
certificate  made  by  us  to  the  said  Court  of  Articles  the 
seaventh  of  June  last  touching  the  composicons  made 
with  us  for  the  said  Estate  by,  John  Pye  and  John  Mil- 
ton, Esq",  upon  the  Act  of  the  1*'  of  August,  1650,  and 
upon  consideracon  had  of  the  whole  matter.  Resolved, 
that  the  freehold  lands  formerly  morgaged  to  the  said  M' 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Aua.  20.  '69, 


Milton,  and  the  leasehold  lands  morgaged  to  S''  Robert 
Pye,  and  by  him  assigned  to  his  second  sonne,  the  s* 
John  Pye,  be  forthwith  absolutely  discharged  from  seq<>o» 
whereof  the  Comis"  for  seq«<»"  in  the  said  County  of  Ox- 
ford are  to  take  notice  and  discharge  the  sequestracon 
accordingly,  this  being  first  entered  with  o'^  audito'. 

«  E.  C.    R.  M. 

»R.  W.  J.  V." 

Cl.  Hoppeb. 


Minat  iBoUS. 

Sundial  with  retrograding  Shadoiv.  —  A  short 
time  since  I  had  an  opportunity  of  observing  a 
sundial  constructed  by  a  mathematician  well 
known  in  this  city  and  neighbourhood  (Mr.  Patter- 
son), on  which  the  shadow  "  returned  backwards  " 
or  retrograded  more  than  twelve  degrees. 

I  confess  that  until  I  made  the  observations 
which  I  will  describe  to  you,  I  believed  it  to  be 
impossible  for  the  shadow  of  an  object  like  the 
gnomon  of  a  sundial  to  go  backwards  and  forwards 
at  the  same  time,  or  that  the  shadow  of  one  part 
of  the  gnomon  should  go  backwards  whilst  that 
of  another  went  forwards  continuously,  pointing  out 
the  hour  of  the  day.  I  have  no  longer,  however, 
any  incredulity  on  that  point. 

The  dial  was  on  a  very  large  scale  (24  inches 
by  20),  thus  admitting  of  the  angles  being  mea- 
sured with  great  exactness,  and  being  firmly  fixed 
in  its  place,  the  retrogradation  could  not  by  any 
possibility  be  caused  by  the  shifting  of  the  plane 
of  the  dial. 

My  observations  commenced  at  noon,  from  which 
time  till  halfpast  six  in  the  evening,  when  the 
shadow  left  the  dial,  I  continued  to  observe  it  at 
intervals  of  a  quarter  of  an  hour  or  less,  carefully 
drawing  a  line  the  full  length  of  the  shadow  each 
time  I  observed  it,  and  numbering  the  lines  to 
prevent  confusion  or  mistake. 

The  shadow  advanced  gradually  towards  the 
east  till  a  few  minutes  past  two,  when  it  became 
stationary,  and  then  began  to  "  return  back- 
wards," continuing  to  do  so  till  it  left  the  dial ; 
the  whole  angle  of  retrogradation  being  rather 
more  than  twelve  degrees. 

Mr.  P.,  in  a  paper  containing  the  mathematical 
construction  of  the  dial,  speaks  of  the  retrograda- 
tion as  well  known.  It  may  be  well  known  to  ma- 
thematicians, but  I  cannot  think  that  it  is  generally 
well  known ;  whilst  the  number  of  those  who  have 
actually  seen  it  must,  I  think,  be  small  indeed. 

Now,  Sir,  the  object  of  my  addressing  you  is,  if 
possible,  to  obtain  from  some  of  your  very  able 
correspondents  a  popular  explanation  of  the  cause 
of  the  "  returning  backwards  "  of  the  shadow.  I 
think,  too,  that  the  subject  will  be  one  of  intense 
interest  to  many  of  your  readers. 

Permit  me  also  to  make  the  following  Queries  : 
What  is  known  respecting  the  dial  of  Ahaz  alluded 
to  in  the  Scriptures  (2  Kings,  xx.  10,  11.)  ? 


Are  there  in  any  other  parts  of  England  sun- 
dials on  which  the  shadow  retrogrades  or  goes  back- 
wards, and  where  are  they  ?  W.  Taylok. 

York. 

Aged  Bride  and  Bridegroom.  —  In  the  Dublin 
Freeman's  Journal  (Nov.  10,  1764)  is  the  follow- 
ing entry :  — 

"  The  Banns  of  Matrimony  have  been  published  these 
three  Sundays  past  in  the  church  of  Dunshaghlin,  in  the 
county  of  Meath,  between  Mr.  Bagnel  Bentley,  tailor,  of 
said  town,  aged  97,  and  Mrs.  Catherine  Sheppard  of 
Skreen,  aged  99 ;  and  the  ceremonj'  has  been  solemnised." 

Abhba. 

Fowling  and  Matrimony.  —  In  1667,  the  town 
of  Eastham  in  Massachussetts  voted  that  every 
housekeeper  should  kill  twelve  blackbirds  and 
three  crows,  which  did  great  damage  to  the  corn, 
—  a  vote  which  was  annually  renewed  for  some 
years ;  and  in  1695  it  was  farther  voted  that 
every  unmarried  man  in  the  township  should  kill 
six  blackbirds  or  three  crows  while  he  remained 
single ;  and,  as  a  penalty  for  not  doing  it,  he 
should  not  be  married  until  he  obeyed  the  order. 

Uneda. 

Philadephia. 

Mode  of  celebrating  a  Birth.  —  Morus,  in  a 
Sermon  preached  at  Charenton  in  1660  on  the 
festival  of  S.  John  the  Baptiste,  from  Luke  i.  76 — 
79,,  says  to  his  audience :  — 

"  AUume  que  voudra  des  feux  devant  sa  maison,  et 
dans  les  places  publiques,  pour  se  r^jouir,  et  pour  celebrer 
la  naissance  de  S.  Jean  ....  qui  croyez-vous  qui  hono- 
rassent  le  plus  la  naissance  d'un  homme  ?  De  ceux  qui 
allumoient  quelques  pieces  de  bois  a  ce  dessein  par  une 
tradition  ancienne ;  ou,  de  ceux  qui  portoient  son  berceau 
au  soleil  levant  et  I'engloutissoient,  pour  ainsi  dire,  des 
rayons  du  soleil,  par  une  tradition  encore  plus  ancienne." 

Does  the  preacher  refer,  in  the  latter  part  of 
the  extract,  to  old  customs  of  the  French  people, 
or  to  any  other  nation  ?  G.  N. 

Jews  in  Oxford,  and  Halls  named  after  them.  — 

"  About  the  year  1075,  the  Jews  began  to  come  much 
to  Oxford.  After  they  were  settled,  thej'  procured  a 
great  many  houses,  particularly  in  the  Parish  of  St. 
Martin,  St.  Edward,  and  St.  Aldate,  and  heaped  up  vast 
wealth.  Their  dwellings  in  St.  Edward's  and  St.  Aldate's 
were  so  considerable  as  to  be  stiled  the  Old  and  New 
Jewry ;  and  in  St.  Aldate's  Parish  they  had  a  Sj'nagogue, 
where  they  had  masters,  and  taught  the  Hebrew  tongue, 
to  the  great  advantage  of  the  University ;  as  there  were 
scholars  that  afterwards  taught  in  Jewish  houses,  stiled 
from  thence  Lombard  Hall,  Mossy  Hall,  Jacob  Hall,  &c., 
having  their  names,  without  doubt,  from  Jews  to  whom 
they  had  formerly  belonged." — Reliq.  Heamiancs,  vol.  ii. 
p.  663. 

Fbancis  Trench. 

Islip  Rectory. 

Bonded  Warehouses.-^ 

"It  is  reported,  that  the  better  to  encourage  Trade, 
Warehouses  will  be  built  at  the  Government's  Expence, 


2»«  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20,  '59,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


145 


■where  Merchants  will  have  the  Privilege  of  leaving  any 
Goods  they  import,  without  being  obliged  to  pay  the 
Custom  till  they  dispose  of  the  same."— 7%e  London 
Journal,  Saturday,  March  2,  1722-3. 

If  not  before  known,  this  is  an  important  ascer- 
tained date  in  the  history  of  commerce.        W.  P. 


ahVLtnti, 


The  question  of  your  correspondent  (ante, 
p.  84,),  whether  Gay  was  the  author  of  "  Molly 
Mog,"  reminds  me  of  other  questions  relating  to 
this  genial  and  gentle  poet,  which  may  perhaps  be 
solved  through  the  pages  of  "  N,  &  Q,"  Did  Gay 
write  "Wine?"  Aaron  Hill  says  so  (Works,  i. 
339.),  iand  "  Wine"  is  inserted  among  Gay's 
Woi'ks  in  Johnson's  edition  of  The  Poets.  But 
Johnson,  it  is  understood,  was  in  no  way  re- 
sponsible for  the  selection  of  the  works  therein 
printed  ;  indeed  he  appears  not  to  have  known  of 
the  insertion  of  "  Wine,"  for  he  makes  no  refers 
ence  to  it  in  his  Life  of  Gay,  which  assuredly  he 
ought,  and  I  think  would  have  done ;  for,  if  writ- 
ten by  Gay,  its  publication  preceded  that  of  any 
other  of  his  known  works  by  three  years,  being 
published  in  1708,  and  not  in  1710  as  stated  by 
Hill. 

Gay  was  born  near  Barnstaple,  and  educated  at 
the  Free  School  in  that  town.  Was  his  master, 
or  his  master's  son,  or  bis  master's  successor,  the 
author  of  A  Miscellany,  or  New  Poems  on  several 
Occasions,  by  K,  Luck,  A.M.,  Master  of  Barn- 
staple School,  London  (Cave),  1736  ? 

The  work  was  published  by  subscription,  and 
Alexander  Pope  was  a  subscriber  for  two  copies. 
There  is  no  mention  in  it  of  Gay.  There  is,  how- 
ever, a  poem  "  On  Mr.  Pope's  Translation  of 
Homer,"  the  substance  of  which  is  contained  in 
the  two  last  lines  :  — 

"  Had  Pope  and  Homer  countries  chang'd  and  date ; 
So  Pope  had  writ ;  so  Homer  would  translate." 

Before  I  conclude  I  will  remind  your  readers 
that  no  answer  has  appeared  to  C.'s  question  (2"'* 
S.  iv.  89.),  when  and  where  was  first  published 
Gay's  Welcome  from  Greece  ?  In  the  notice  pre- 
fixed to  Lord  Hervey's  Memoirs  (p.  xxiii,),  Mr, 
Croker  expresses  himself  as  having  no  doubt  of 
publication  in  1720.  This  is  no  proof.  I  would 
add  to  this  inquiry,  where  is  the  MS.  copy,  or  the 
copy  from  which  the  Welcome  was  printed  in  the 
"  Additions  to  Pope's  Works?"  The  draft,  said 
to  be  in  Gay's  handwriting,  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum, is  imperfect.  Where  and  when  was  that 
draft  obtained  ?  G.  T.  Q. 


BARON   WBATISLAW  S    CAPTIVITY   IN    TURKEY. 

Can  you,  or  any  of  your  coi'respondents,  inform 
me  who  were  the  Enjjlish  and  French  ambassa- 


dors at  Constantinople  between  1591  and  1599  ? 
I  have  just  finished  translating  Baron  Wratislaw's 
Captivity  from  the  original  Bohemian,  and  am 
anxious  to  know  the  names  of  the  two  ambassa- 
dors to  whom  he  was  greatly  indebted  for  his 
liberation. 

As  I  believe  this  singular  and  interesting  work 
to  be  entirely  unknown  in  England,  except  pos- 
sibly through  the  medium  of  a  most  unfaithful 
and  disagreeable  German  translation,  some  ac- 
count of  it  may  perhaps  not  be  unacceptable  to 
yourself  and  your  readers.  Baron  Wenceslas  Wra- 
tislaw,  when  quite  a  boy,  was  entrusted  to  the 
care  of  Herr  von  Kregwitz,  ambassador  extraor- 
dinary from  the  Emperor  Rudolph  II.  to  Sultan 
Amurath  III.,  in  the  year  1591.  After  a  very 
pleasant  residence  in  Constantinople,  the  ambas- 
sador was  detected  in  a  treasonable  correspon- 
dence, and  put  to  death.  His  suite  spent  more 
than  three  years  in  various  prisons,  the  galleys, 
and  the  Black  Tower,  but  were  at  length  liber- 
ated mainly  through  the  intercession  of  the  am- 
bassadors of  the  English  queen  (Elizabeth),  and 
the  French  king  (Henry  IV.).  Baron  Wratislaw 
wrote  an  account  of  his  journey  to  Constantinople, 
residence  at  Constantinople,  captivity,  and  return 
home,  in  four  books,  in  1599.  The  work  relhained 
in  manuscript  till  1777,  and  was  republished  in 
1807.  The  German  translation,  which  differs  so 
much  from  the  original  that  it  is  scarcely  to  be 
called  a  translation.  Is  dated  1786.  The  Bohemian 
has  long  been  out  of  print,  and  is  very  scarce.  I 
obtained  my  copy,  with  great  difficulty,  through 
the  kindness  of  Mr.  Paul  Aloys  Klar,  the  editor  of 
the  beautiful  Prague  annual,  Libussa. 

Whether  I  decide  on  publishing  my  own  trans- 
lation or  not,  it  will  be  interesting  to  know  the 
names  of  the  two  ambassadors,  if  they  can  be 
ascertained.  A.  H.  Wkatislaw. 

School  Hall,  Bury  St.  Edmund's. 

["  Hernacher  sind  wir  von  denen  Tiircken  nach  Galata 
gef  Uhret,  und  dem  Englischen  Herrn  Ambassador!  Uber- 
antwortet  worden.  Der  Englische  Herr  Ambassador,  so 
rait  Nahmen  Eduartus  Berthon  hiess,  und  ein  fromiyer, 
Christlicher,  freundlicher,  audi  gelehrter  .und  schbner 
Herr  gewesen,  empfing  uns  gar  gnftdig  und  freundlich,  lo- 
giret  uns  unter  etliche  Zelten  in  einem  Garten  bey  seiner 
Wohnung,  und  liess  uns  allda  Essen  und  Trincken  vollaufF 
vortragen."  (Seidel's  Denckwurdige  Gesandtsmafft  an 
die  Ottomanische  Pforte,  edit.  Haussdorf,  Gorlitz,  1711.) 
The  name  of  Wratislaw  appears  in  this  work  at  pp.  30. 
and  34.— Ed.] 


WRITERS   IN    THE    QUARTERLY   REVIEWS. 

I  have  for  some  time  been  in  the  habit  of 
marking  the  names  of  the  authors  of  the  various 
essays  in  the  margins  of  my  copies  of  the  several 
Quarterly  Reviews. 

I  find,  from  Cockburn's  Life  of  Jeffrey  (2nd  ed., 
vol.  i.  pp.  300,  301.),  the  following  included  in  a 


146 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '5&, 


list  of  contributors  to  the  Edinburgh  Review : 
Malcolm  Laing,  Lord  Melbourne,  Coleridge, 
Daniel  Ellis,  Dr.  John  Gordon,  Robert  Grant, 
Thomas  Campbell,  Phillimore,  Sir  H.  Parnell,  and 
Sir  W.  Napier. 

In  some  other  portion  of  the  same  work  Sir  H. 
Davy  is  mentioned  as  having  been  a  contributor 
to  the  Edinburgh.  And  in  Blachvood  (vol.  x. 
p.  669.)  it  is  stated  that  it  is  believed  that  John 
Wolcot  (Peter  Pindar)  wrote  an  article  on  the 
fine  arts  in  one  of  the  early  numbers  of  the 
Edinburgh. 

The  late  Justice  Talfourd  is  always  understood 
to  have  been  a  contributor  to  the  same  periodical. 

The  object  of  my  Query  is  to  ascertain  if  any  of 
your  readers  can  assist  me  by  information  of  ar- 
ticles contributed  by  any  of  the  above  writers, 
more  especially  any  by  Coleridge,  Thomas  Camp- 
bell, Sir  W.  Napier,  Sir  H.  Davy,  John  Wolcot, 
and  Justice  Talfourd. 

I  of  course  presume  that  by  Coleridge  is  meant 
Samuel  Taylor — there  is  but  one  "  Coleridge." 
If  any  other  of  the  family  were  meant,  he  should 
have  been  distinguished  by  his  initials.  J.  B. 

Melbourne,  Australia,  IGtli  May,  185P, 


Cokam  or  Coxam  House :  Mr.  Crewe's  Wyr- 
wail,  Chideok  or  Chadwick.  —  Shute  and  Coxam 
Houses  in  Devon  are  mentioned  in  a  Diary  of  the 
seventeenth  century  in  connexion  with  the  siege  of 
Taunton,  1644.  Shute  was  the  seat  of  the  Poles 
near  Axminster.  Can  anyone  give  me  informa- 
tion about  Cokam  or  Coxam?  Vicars  (Parliamen- 
tary Chronicle,  iii.82.)  speaks  of  Mr.  Crewe's  house 
as  near  to  John  Pole's.  What  was  the  name  of 
that  house  ?  Wyrwail  and  Chideok  are  also 
named  in  the  same  Diary  in  the  same  connexion. 
What  were  these  houses  or  places  ?  Vicars  speaks 
in  the  same  connexion  of  Lord  Pawlett's  house 
and  of  Mr.  Arundell's,  called  Chadwick,  which,  I 
suppose,  is  the  same  as  Chideok.  W.  C. 

"  The  Traveller."  —  Who  is  the  author  of  a 
drama  called  The  Traveller ;  or,  the  Marriage  in 
Sicily,  6vo.  1809?  Z.  A. 

John  VanLewen,  M.D.— Where  may  I  learn  any 
biographical  particulars  of  Dr.  John  Van  Lewen, 
who  was  the  son  of  a  Dutch  physician,  and  settled 
in  Ireland  at  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  century  ? 
Mr.  Gilbert,  in  his  History  of  the  City  of  Dublin, 
vol.  iii.  p.  262.,  supplies  the  following  informa- 
tion :  — 

"  Van  Lewen  studied  at  Leyden  under  Boerhaave,  and 
became  very  eminent  in  his  profession,  being  the  only  ac- 
coucheur in  Dublin  during  the  early  part  of  the  last  century. 
[How  matters  are  changed  in  the  Irish  metropolis !]  He 
was  elected  President  of  the  College  of  Physicians  in 


1734,  and  died  at  his  house  here  [Molesworth  Street]  in 
1736 ;  his  daughter  Letitia,  who  became  the  wife  of  the 
Kev.  Matthew  Pilkington,  was  well  known  in  the  last 
century  by  her  misfortunes  and  her  writings." 

Abhca. 
St.  Andrew's  Parish,  Dublin.  —  Why  is  the 
parish  of  St.  Andrew,  in  the  city  of  Dublin,  en- 
titled to  the  unusual  privilege  of  having  three 
churchwardens  ?  Is  there  any  parallel  case  else- 
where ?  Abhba. 

Illoques.  —  Our  hare-hunters,  when  they  view 
their  game,  cry  illope  !  illope  !  as  the  fox-hunters 
cry  tally-ho  !  In  the  famous  Bohe  of  St.  Albans, 
Dame  Julian  Berners  directs  them  thus  :  — 

"  And  yf  j-our  houndes  chace  well  at  your  wyll : 
Then  thre  motes  shall  ye  blowe  bothe  lowde  and  shvll, 
There  one  and  there  a  nother,  there  he  pasturyd  hath ; 
Then  saye  (Illoques,  illoques)  in  the  same  path." 

Is  our  modern  phrase  a  corruption  of  this ;  if 
so,  what  -is  the  derivation  of  it  ?  The  word  oc- 
curs again  a  few  lines  farther  on,  and  in  Wynkyn 
de  Worde's  edition  (1496),  it  is  always  printed  in 
red  letters.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

London  Antiquities.  —  From  an  old  magazine, 
published  in  May,  1751,  I  extract  the  follow- 
ing:— 

"  As  some  boys  were  playing  in  King  Henry's  Yard  by 
East  Smithfield,  they  observed  near  a  gravestone  some- 
thing like  the  head  of  an  image,  and  the  ground  being 
dug  up,  two  large  stone  images  of  curious  workmanship 
were  found  there,  which  by  the  inscription  appears  (s/c) 
to  have  been  there  ever  since  Henry  the  Vlth's  reign." 

Can  any  London  antiquary  point  out  other  re- 
ferences to  this  discovery,  and  say  what  these 
images  of  curious  workmanship  were?  T.  B. 

"  The  Complete  Irish  Traveller."  —  Two  8vo. 
volumes,  entitled  The  Complete  Irish  Traveller, 
and  "illustrated  with  elegant  copper-plates,"  were 
published  anonymously  in  London  in  the  year 
1788.     Who  was  the  author  ?  Abhba. 

Dr.  Samuel  Pegge.  —  In  whose  possession  are 
the  poetical  MSS.  of  Dr.  Samuel  Pegge,  author  of 
Ano7iymiana,  Sfc.  ^c?  Mr.  Pegge  died  in  1800, 
[ob.  Feb.  14, 1796.]  Z.  A. 

Sir  James  Flower,  Bart.  (M.P.  1841-7.)  — 
Can  any  of  your  readers  acquaint  me  with  the 
burial-place  of  the  above-named  baronet,  who 
died  at  Mill  Hill,  Hendon,  Middlesex,  May  17, 
1850?  His  epitaph  also  would  be  acceptable. 
The  first  baronet.  Sir  Charles,  according  to  the 
Gent's  Mag.,  Feb.  1835,  was  buried  in  Aldgate 
churchyard,  and  has  probably  a  tomb  there  or  a 
tablet  in  the  church.  F.  G. 

Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bart.  (M.P.  1809-50.)  —  The 
title  and  date  of  any  publication  relating  to  the  life 


2'"J  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


147 


and  character  of  the  above-named  distinguished 
statesman,  other  than  the  under-mentioned,  is  re- 
quested :  — 

Gentleman's  Magazine,  1850. 

IJlaekwood's  Magazine,  1850. 

Christian  Guardian,  July,  1850. 

Christian  Kemembrancer,  vol.  xx. 

Memoir  published  by  the  Trustees  of  Sir  Robert  Peel's 
Papers.    2  parts.    London,  Murray,  1856. 

Sir  Robert  Peel,  a  Type  of  Statesmanship,  by  Jelinger 
Symons,  Esq.    Longman,  1856. 

Memoir  by  Guizot.    London,  Bentley,  1857. 

D.  F.  Jarman,  B.A.,  F.  F.  Statham,  13.  A., 

and  Wm.  Brock. 

In  December,  1856,  a  prayer  called  the  "  States- 
man's," attributed  to  Sir  R.  Peel,  went  the  round 
of  the  newspapers,  but  I  cannot  now  recollect  if  it 
was  ever  proved  to  be  Sir  Robert's  own  composi- 
tion. Any  light  that  can  be  thrown  upon  it  would 
be  acceptable.  F.  G. 

Occasional  Forms  of  Prayer,  when  first  used.  — 
Many  very  interesting  lists  of  occasional  forms  of 
prayer  have  appeared  in  "  N".  &  Q."  from  time  to 
time,  but  I  do  not  remember  to  have  seen  any  in- 
formation respecting  their  origin.  The  following 
extract  from  Strype's  Memorials  ofAhp.  Cranmer, 
book  I.  ch.  xxix.,  may  throw  some  light  upon  the 
subject : — 

"  Occasional  prayers  and  suffrages,  to  be  used  through- 
out all  churches,  began  now  [1543-4]  to  be  more  usual 
than  formerlj'.  For  these  common  devotions  were  twice 
this  3'ear  appointed  by  authority,  as  they  had  been  once 
the  last ;  which  I  look  upon  the  Archbishop  to  be  the 
great  instrument  in  procuring:  that  he  might  by  this 
means,  by  little  and  little,  bring  into  use  prayer  in  the 
English  tongue,  which  he  so  much  desired ;  and  that  the 
people,  by  understanding  part  of  their  prayers,  might  be 
the  more  desirous  to  have  their  whole  service  rendered 
intelligible ;  whereby  God  might  be  served  with  the  more 
seriousness  and  devotion." 

He  then  goes  on  to  specify  an  instance  in  1543, 
remarking :  — 

"  It  is  not  so  evident  that  these  prayers  were  in  the 
English  tongue:  but  in  the  year  following,  viz.  1544, 
there  were,  without  controversy,  certain  suffrages  drawn 
up  in  the  mother-tongue  by  the  Archbishop's  means; 
which  he  intended  to  be  universally  observed  every- 
where." 

The  whole  chapter,  which  is  entitled  Occasional 
Forms  of  Prayer  and  Sufjfrages,  may  be  consulted. 
».  Archibald  Weib. 

Enfield. 

"  Gestes  of   Guarine."  —  In   Leland's    Collec- 
tanea, vol.  i.  p.  230.,  occur  some  pages  of 
"Things  excerptid  oute  of  an  old  Englisch  boke  yn 
Rj'me  of  the  Gestes  of  Guarine,  and  his  Sunnes." 

And  at  p.  236.,  the  author  adds  — 

"Here  lakkid  a  Quayre  or  ii  in  the  olde  Englisch 
Booke  of  the  nobile  actes  of  the  Guarines;  and  these 
thinges  that  folow  I  translatid  owte  of  an  olde  French 
Historic  yn  Rirae  of  the  actes  of  the  Guarines  onto  the 
DeathofFulcothe2." 


Is  anything  known  of  these  two  old  "  Bookes  in 
Rime,"  except  what  Leland  has  preserved  ?  He 
has  taken  the  heads  of  the  story,  and  set  them 
down  in  a  dry  antiquarian  way;  but  it  would 
seem  that  the  English  and  the  French  were  two 
versions  of  the  same  romantic  poem.  In  the  mar- 
gin of  p.  237.  Leland  adds  a  reference  to  the 
"  Englisch  historic  "  of  the  Fitzwarines.  Does  he 
mean  the  same  Englisch  poem  from  which  he  had 
made  his  excerpts,  or  is  there  any  other  history  of 
this  family  ? 

The  name,  in  its  latter  form,  is  appended  to  that 
of  a  parish  in  Somersetshire  (Norton  Fitzwarren) , 
where  there  is  a  fine  British  earthwork.     W.  P.  P. 

James  Stirling.  —  Having  lately  read  with  high 
satisfaction  this  gentleman's  Letters  from  the  Slave 
States,  may  I  ask  of  what  other  works,  if  any,  he 
is  author,  &c.  ?  T. 

Mediceval  Burials,  Sj-c.  —  I  should  be  much  ob- 
liged to  your  correspondents  for  information  di- 
rected to  me,  17.  Sutton  Place,  Hackney,  upon 
mediseval  burials.  I  want  references  to  original 
sources,  such  as  MSS.,  paintings,  illuminations, 
&c.,  especially  of  the  funerals  of  great  pers(his. 

J.  C.  J. 

Oliver  Cromicell.  —  One  of  J.  Dury's  letters, 
dated  July  22,  1654,  states  :  — 

"  The  weeklj'  sheete  of  newes  printed  at  Genoa,  July 
1-11,  by  Farroni,  tells  us  that  the  L.  Protector  hath 
changed  the  Great  Scale  of  England,  setting  upon  the 
new  one  his  owne  Effigies  on  horse-back,  with  this  in- 
scription: '  Olivero  il  grand  Imperatore  d'  Inghil- terra,  di 
Scotia,  Hibernia  e  Francia :  e  Prottetore  de  protestanti,  e 
delle  chiese  rifomiate '  .  .  ." 

Is  there  any  corroboration  of  this  statement  ? 
Another  letter,  dated  Zurich,  30  April,  1655,  gives 
an  account  of  an  Irish  friar  reported  to  have  a  de- 
sign against  the  Protector's  life.  Ithubiel. 

Family  of  Ferrers.  —  Can  you  inform  me  whe- 
ther William,  second  Lord  Ferrers  of  Groby,  who 
died  in  18  Edw.  II.,  had  any  issue  besideg  Henry, 
his  son  and  heir,  who  succeeded  him  in  the  barony  ? 

Who  was  the  Thomas  de  Ferrers  to  whom  King 
Edw.  III.  in  the  9th  year  of  his  reign  gave  licence 
to  hold  the  manor  of  Caldore,  of  the  grant  of  Dun- 
can, Earl  of  Fife  ?  Meletes. 

Mummy  of  a  Manchester  Lady.  —  Many  years 
ago  I  recollect  seeing  in  the  Manchester  Museum 
of  Natural  History  the  mummy  of  a  female,  sus- 
pended in  a  case,  with  a  glass  door,  and  was  told 
that  the  figure  represented  a  lady  of  the  last  cen- 
tury, well  known  in  Manchester,  whose  life  estates 
had  been  devised,  after  she  was  "dead  and  buried," 
to  some  relatives  who  treated  her  whilst  living 
with  great  unklndness.  To  prevent  their  succeed- 
ing under  this  conditional  devise  of  an  eccentric 
father  or  brother,  she  bequeathed  her  estates  to 


U8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59. 


her  friend,  Charles  White,  Esq.,  F.R.S.,  the  emi- 
nent surgeon,  along  with  her  body,  which  was 
embalmed,  and  kept  by  him,  but  never  buried. 
The  condition  of  this  singular  devise  being  ful- 
filled, Mr,  White  enjoyed  the  property,  which 
descended  to  his  son,  and  the  original  remainder- 
men dying  issueless,  this  female  benefactor  of  the 
White  family  was  quietly  buried  in  the  Museum 
of  her  native  town.  Mr.  De  Quincey,  when  a  boy 
at  Manchester  School  at  the  beginning  of  the 
century,  became  acquainted  with  the  mummy, 
and  in  one  of  his  works  mentions  its  removal  from 
the  case,  and  the  body  of  a  notorious  highwayman 
being  substituted  !  I  wish  to  ask  what  portion  of 
truth  exists  in  the  above  traditional  statement, 
and  what  are  the  precise  facts  ?  F.  R.  R. 

Hypatia  and  St.  Catharine.  —  It  has  been  often 
stated  that  Hypatia,  the  celebrated  Alexandrian 
Neo-Platonist,  whose  murder  is  so  foul  a  blot  on 
the  name  of  St.  Cyril,  is  the  origin  of  the  myth  of 
St.  Catharine  of  Alexandria :  that  in  fact  the 
memory  of  the  beauty,  the  learning,  and  the 
wrongs  of  the  murdered  philosopher  clung  to  the 
minds  of  the  people,  and  that  as  they  became 
Christisn  the  legend  of  St.  Catharine  shaped 
itself.  I  am  anxious  to  know  what  grounds  there 
are  for  this  statement.  K.  P.  D.  E. 

O  whar  got  ye  that  auld  crooked  penny.  —  Can 
any  admirer  of  the  songs  of  Scotland  afford  any 
information  regarding  the  following  ballad,  which 
I  found  in  MS.  amongst  some  old  family  papers, 
and  which,  I  believe,  does  not  exist  in  any  pub- 
lished collection  ?  — 
"  0 !  whar  got  ye  that  auld  crooked  penny  ? 

For  ane  o'  bricht  goud  wad  ye  nifFer  wi  me  ? 

Richt  fou  are  baith  ends  o'  my  green  silken  wallet. 

And  high  are  my  wa's,  ower  in  Bonny  Dundee. 

"  0 !  gin  I  saw  the  dear  laddie  that  had  it, 
Wha,  when  we  were  bairnies  twa,  geid  it  to  me, 
For  a'  the  bricht  goud  in  j'our  green  silken  wallet, 
I  never  wad  niffer  my  crooked  bawbee. 

"  0 1  whar  got  ye  that  auld  worsted  plaidie  ? 
A  mantle  o'  satin  is  fitter  for  ye. 
I'll  dead  ye  in  satin,  and  mak  j'e  a  lad\% 
Gin  ye'd  gang  wi'  me  to  Bonnie  Dundee. 

"  Ye  may  dead  me  in  satin  and  mak  me  a  lady 
And  tak  me  ower  heartless  to  Bonny  Dundee, 
But  my  heart  neither  satin  nor  goud  can  procure  ye, 
I  sell't  it  lang  syne  for  this  crooked  bawbee." 

Yemen, 
Aden,  10th  July,  1859. 

Buchanan  Pedigree.  —  Geo.  Buchanan,  the  his- 
torian and  poet,  had  five  brothers  and  three  sisters 
(JBiograph.  Brit.,  in  nomen.)  Were  these  sisters 
married  ?  and  to  whom  ?  And  are  there  any  of 
their  descendants  known  ?  James  Graves. 

Kilkenny. 

A  Bear  Hunt  on  the  Thames.  —  In  King  Ed- 
ward VI.'s  journal,  printed  in  Burnet's  History 


of  the  Reformation,  book  il.  vol.  ii.  p.  14.,  it  is  re- 
corded by  that  youthful  monarch  that,  on  the 
29th  of  May,  1549,  the  French  ambassadors  after 
they  had  supped  with  the  Duke  of  Somerset  "went 
into  the  Thames  and  saw  both  the  bear  hunted  in 
the  river,  and  also  wild- fire  cast  out  of  the  boats, 
and  many  pretty  conceits."  How  was  this  appa- 
rently dangerous  sport  managed  ?  Are  there  any 
other  instances  on  record  of  bear  hunts  upon  the 
Thames  ?  W.  J.  Pinks. 

Thomas  Talbot.  —  A  well-carved  oak  press  in 
my  possession  has  on  one  of  its  panels  the  fol- 
lowing :  — . 

«  THOMAS  * 

TALBOTT, 

E  .  T  .  1636." 

I  shall  be  obliged  to  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents who  can  inform  me  who  this  Thomas  Tal- 
bott  was  ?  and  what  is  intended  by  the  letters 
E  .  T  .  ?  R.  W. 

Leominster. 

Ocean  Cable  Telegraphs.  —  Could  any  of  your 
correspondents  furnish  me  with  name,  date  of  lay- 
ing, length,  and  cost  of  any  of  the  ocean  cable 
telegraphs  ?  J.  W,  G,  G. 


Sir  Charles  Bawdin.  —  Could  you  give  me  any 
information  respecting  Sir  Chas.  Bawdin,  whose 
death  forms  the  subject  of  a  ballad  by  the  boy- 
poet  Chatterton  ?  And  which  is  the  best  edition 
of  his  works  ?  H.  G.  V n. 

[The  person  celebrated  under  the  name  of  Sir  Charles 
Bawdin,  was  probably  Sir  Baldewj'n  Fulford,  Knt.,  a 
zealous  Lancastrian,  who  was  executed  at  Bristol  in 
the  latter  end  of  1461,  1st  Edward  IV.  He  was  attainted, 
with  many  others,  in  the  general  act  of  attainder,  1  Edw. 
IV.,  but  he  seems  to  have  been  executed  under  a  special 
commission  for  the  trial  of  treasons,  &c.,  within  the  town 
of  Bristol. —  See  The  Worlis  of  Thomas  CTiatterton,  3  vols. 
8vo,,  1803,  edited  by  Dr.  Robert  South ey,  with  Life  by 
Dr.  G.  Gregory,  which  is  considered  the  best  edition  of 
this  poet's  works.  3 

Admiral  Haddock. — In  a  letter  of  West  to 
Horace  Walpole,  dated  "Temple,  Dec.  31st,  1739," 
.occurs  this  passage  :  — 

"  Handel  has  had  a  concerto  this  winter.  No  Opera, 
no  nothing.     All  for  war  and  Admiral  Haddock." 

Can  your  correspondents  favour  me  with  any 
particulars  as  to  the  family  or  doings  of  the  said 
"  Admiral  Haddock  ?  "  J.  N.  H. 

[Admiral  Nicholas  Haddock  was  a  worthy  descendant 
of  an  ancient  Essex  family  residing  at  Leigh  in  that 
county.  He  was  the  third  and  youngest  son  of  Sir 
Richard  Haddock,  Knt.,  Comptroller  of  the  Navy,  and 
for  some  time  joint-admiral  of  the  fleet.  On  the  6th  of 
April,  1707,  Nicholas  being  then  little  more  than  twenty 
years  old,  was  appointed  Captain  of  Ludlow  Castle.  He 
distinguished  himself  veiy  conspicuously  in  the  well- 


2''<i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


149 


known  action  with  the  Spanish  fleet  off  Sicily.  On  the 
4th  May,  1734,  he  was  promoted  to  be  rear-admiral  of 
the  blue;  on  the  16th  Dec.  of  the  same  year,  rear-admiral 
of  the  white ;  and  moreover  on  the  2d  March,  1735,  to  be 
rear-admiral  of  the  red.  In  1739,  Mr.  Haddock  was  or- 
dered to  make  reprisals  on  the  Spaniards,  in  which  spe- 
cies of  warfare  he  was  remarkably  fortunate.  On  the 
11th  March,  1741,  he  was  promoted  to  be  vice-admiral  of 
the  blue.  After  having  attained  the  elevated  rank  of 
admiral  of  the  blue,  he  died  on  the  26th  Sept.  1746,  in 
the  60th  year  of  his  age. — Charnock's  Biographia  Navalis, 
iii.  383—392.] 

Nevinson.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  information 
concerning  a  divine  of  the  Elizabethan  era  of  the 
name  of  Nevinson  ?  Was  he  ever  at  the  head  of 
?iny  known  grammar  school  ?  or  was  he  ever  a 
Cambridge  don  ?  G.  H.  K. 

[A  reference  to  Cooper's  most  useful  Athena  Cantabri- 
gienses  makes  us  acquainted  with  two  divines  of  this  name, 
viz.  Christopher  Nevynson,  a  native  of  Wetheral,  Cum- 
berland, LL.B.  1635,  LL.D.  1539,  who  in  1547  was  in  a 
royal  commission  for  visiting  certain  dioceses,  and  in 
1549  one  of  the  royal  visitors  of  Oxford ;  and  Stephen,  his 
cousin,  a  native  of  Carlisle  and  a  Fellow  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  who  was  tutor  to  George  Gascoyne  the 
poet,  and,  after  holding  many  appointments,  became 
Canon  of  Canterbury  about  1570.  He  died  about  Oc- 
tober, 1580.2 

Dr.  Hoadly's  Private  Theatre  (2"'»  S.  viii.  136.) 
—  In  his  article  on  "Eminent  Artists  who  have 
painted  Scenes,"  Me.  Ctjthbert  Bede  states,  in 
an  extract,  that  Hogarth  was  so  engaged  for  "Dr. 
Hoadly's  private  theatre."  I  shall  be  glad  if  any 
of  your  correspondents  can  give  information  about 
this  private  theatre,  the  existence  of  which  I  dare 
say  many  of  your  readers,  as  well  as  myself,  now 
hear  of  for  the  first  time.  Charles  Wtlie. 

[[The  gentleman  alluded  to  in  Cuthbert  Bede's  arti- 
cle is  Dr.  John  Hoadly,  the  Bishop's  youngest  son,  and 
Chancellor  of  Winchester,  who  appears  to  have  resided  at 
Winchester  House,  Chelsea.  The  following  notice  of  this 
mansion  occurs  in  The  History  of  Chelsea,  by  Faulkner, 
8vo.  1829,  p.  295. :  "  Upon  pulling  down  the  palace  a  sin- 
gular discovery  was  made.  In  a  small  room,  to  the  north 
front,  and  at  the  north-west  corner,  were  found  on  the 
plaster  of  the  walls  nine  figures  of  the  size  of  life,  viz. 
three  men  and  six  women,  drawn  in  outline  with  black 
chalk  in  a  bold  and  animated  style.  Of  these  correct 
copies  have  been  taken  by  an  ingenious  artist,  who 
intends  to  publish  them.  Concerning  these  spirited 
sketches  conjecture  has  been  busy,  and  various  are  the 
opinions  hazarded  on  the  subject;  but. both  the  time 
when  they  were  draw^n,  as  well  as  the  transactions  to 
which  they  allude,  must  ever  remain  in  obscurity  and 
doubt.  They  display  much  of  the  manner  of  Hogarth, 
who,  it  is  well  known,  lived  on  intimate  terms  with 
Bishop  [?Dr.]  Hoadly,  and  frequently  visited  his 
Lordship  [  ?  ]  at  this  palace :  and  it  is  supposed  that 
these  figures  apply  to  some  domestic  incident  in  the 
Bishop's  [  ?  ]  family,  or  to  some  scene  in  a  play."  Faulk- 
ner has  confounded  the  Bishop  with  his  son.  It  is  well 
known  that  Dr.  John  Hoadly's  fondness  for  theatrical 
exhibitions  was  so  great,  that  few  visitors  were  ever  long 
in  his  house  before  they  were  solicited  to  accept  a  part  in 
some  interlude  or  other.  He  himself,  with  Garrick  and 
Hogarth,  once  performed  a  laughable  parodj'  on  the 
scene  in  Julius  Caesar  where  the  ghost  appears  to  Bru- 


I  tus.  Hogarth  personated  the  spectre ;  but  so  unretentive 
i  was  his  memorj',  that  although  his  speech  consisted  only 
\  of  two  lines,  he  was  unable  to  get  them  by  heart.  At 
[  last  they  hit  on  the  following  expedient  in  his  favour. 
i  The  verses  he  was  to  deliver  were  written  in  such  large 
\  letters  on  the  outside  of  an  illuminated  paper  lanthorn, 
j  that  he  could  read  them  when  he  entered  with  it  in  his 

hand  on  the  stage.  Hogarth  painted  a  scene  on  this  oc- 
j  casion,  representing  a  sutling  booth,  with  the  Duck  of 

Cumberland's  head  by  way  of  sign.  He  also  prepared 
;  the  play -bill,  with  characteristic  ornaments.  Vide  Ho- 
i  garth's  Works,  by  Nichols  and  Steevens,  4to.,  1808,  and 

Nichols's  Literary  Anecdotes,  iii.  141.] 

Hanged^  drawn,  and  quartered.  —  I  notice  that 
this  sentence  is  found  in  different  books  to  differ 
slightly  in  form :  in  some  we  find  it  as  above,  in 
others  it  is  written  '■^  drawn,  hanged,  and  quar- 
tered." 

In  cases  of  treason  the  sentence  passed  was 
that  the  offender  should  be  drawn  at  a  horse's 
tail  to  the  gallows  ;  that  he  should  be  there  hanged 
by  the  neck ;  that  he  should  be  cut  down  alive ; 
and  that,  after  other  barbarities  not  necessary  to 
mention,  his  entrails  should  be  taken  out  and 
burnt  before  his  face. 

In  this  form,  then,  the  word  "  drawn  "  must  be 
interpreted  "  embowelled."  But  the  other  form^ 
namely,  "  dratvn,  hanged,  and  quartered  "  occurs 
very  frequently  :  for  instance,  we  read  in  the  Dis- 
course of  the  Manner  of  the  Discovery  of  the  Guw 
powder  Ti'eason,  published  by  authority  in  1609, 
that  Henry  Garnet  was  sentenced  to  be  "  drawn, 
hanged,  and  quartered"  for  his  participation  in 
that  plot ;  and  in  this  form,  "  drawn,"  I  suppose, 
would  mean  the  drawing  on  the  hurdle  to  the 
place  of  execution.  Yet  Henry  Garnet  was  not 
only  drawn  on  a  hurdle  to  the  gallows,  but  was 
also  eviscerated  ;  no  part  of  the  usual  sentence  in 
cases  of  treason  being  omitted  or  varied,  with  the 
single  exception  (if  we  may  accredit  the  official 
account)  of  his  being  allowed  to  hang  until  he  was 
dead. 

When  we  see,  then,  the  words  "  hanged,  drawn, 
and  quartered"  to  a  person  who  has  been  sentenced 
to  death,  is  that  the  right  way  of  expressing  it  ? 
or  should  it  be  written  "  drawn,  hanged,  and  quar- 
tered ?  "  In  other  words,  does  the  word  "  drawn  " 
mean  that  such  person  was  embowelled,  or  that  he 
was  drawn  on  a  hurdle  to  the  scaffold.     W.  O.  W. 

[With  the  exception  of  decapitation  after  hanging,  all 
the  revolting  practices  formerly  performed  upon  the  bodies 
of  persons  convicted  of  high  treason  are  now  dispensed  with 
by  the  statute  54  Geo.  III.  c.  146.  The  phrase  "  drawn  " 
originally  meant  that  the  convict  should  neither  walk 
nor  be  carried  to  the  place  of  execution,  but  dragged  thi- 
ther. By  the  statute  just  referred  to,  it  is  enacted  that 
the  sentence  in  future  shall  be  that  "the  ofi'ender  shall  be 
drawn  on  a  hurdle,"  &c.  A  proviso  is  added,  that  after 
sentence  the  king  may  by  warrant,  under  the  sign  ma- 
nual, direct  that  the  traitor  shall  not  be  drawn  to  the 
place  of  execution,  but  taken  thither  as  may  be  directed.} 


150 


NOTES. AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59. 


ARCHBISHOP   LEIGHTON's    WORKS. 

(2°*S.  viii.  41.) 

It  is  seldom  discreet  in  an  author  to  break  a 
lance  with  his  Reviewer.  I  certainly  should  not 
have  asked  leave  to  reply  in  your  columns  to  the 
strictures  of  Eirionnach,  had  they  been  confined 
to  what  I  am  really  answerable  for,  which  is,  the 
Memoir  of  Archbishop  Leighton.  There  is  no- 
thing in  those  strictures  uncandid  or  uncourteous, 
—  nothing  unbecoming  the  pen  of  a  Christian  gen- 
tleman ;  and  this  is  all  we  may  fairly  claim  from 
the  literary  critic. 

Accordingly,  I  should  have  deemed  it  inexpe- 
dient to  bestir  myself  against  your  correspondent's 
animadversions  on  the  Memoir^  especially  as  I  am 
well  aware  of  its  many  imperfections.  Since  its 
first  appearance  —  now  between  thirty  and  forty 
years  ago  —  I  have  entreated  the  publishers  to 
give  me  an  opportunity  of  revising  and  improving 
it,  but,  for  whatever  reasons,  these  reiterated  en- 
treaties have  been  vain. 

The  mistake  into  which  Eirionnach  has  fallen, 
and  which  draws  this  letter  from  me  is,  that  he 
represents  me  as  the  editor  of  the  volumes  in 
which  the  biographical  sketch  first  appeared. 
Hence  the  whole  mass  of  those  grievous  inaccura- 
cies which  disgrace  the  edition  in  question  is 
heaped  upon  my  head,  although  I  am  as  innocent 
of  them  as  Eirionnach  himself.  Not  one  proof- 
sheet  of  the  four  volumes,  with  the  exception  of 
the  Memoir,  ever  passed  under  my  eyes. 

The  case  is  simply  as  follows.  A  very  dear 
friend  of  mine,  the  late  Hon.  and  Rev.  R.  L. 
Melville,  had  promised  Mr.  Duncan  to  compile  a 
Life  of  Leighton  for  his  projected  edition  of  the 
Works.  For  this,  as  my  preface  states,  some  new 
and  invaluable  materials  had  been  obtained.  It 
pleased  God,  however,  that  before  my  friend  had 
girded  himself  to  the  work,  an  illness  came  upon 
him  which  obliged  him  to  leave  England,  with  the 
prospect  of  being  long  away.  He,  therefore,  re- 
quested me  to  undertake  the  "  labour  of  love  " 
which  he  was  forced  to  relinquish ;  and  I  could 
not  but  yield  to  his  instances,  though  grieved  on 
his  own  account,  as  well  as  for  the  public,  that  a 
substitute  had  not  been  found  more  gifted  than 
myself  with  his  own  eminent  qualifications. 

Now  the  task  which  he  devolved  upon  me  was 
entirely  restricted  to  the  preparation  of  the  Me- 
moir.  For  the  faults  and  deficiencies  of  that  pro- 
duction I  am  open  to  your  correspondent's  criti- 
cisms, for  which  there  would,  I  think,  have  been 
less  foundation,  had  I  been  permitted  to  amend 
and  enlarge  my  first  sketch.  But,  while  willing 
to  bear  my  own  burden,  I  shrink  from  the  re- 
proach of  being  in  any  degree  implicated  in  this 
slovenly  and  unscholarlike  edition,  so  justly  cen- 
sured by  Eirionnach,  of  the  great  and  good  pre- 


late's works.  I  had,  however,  been  made  aware  of 
the  existence  of  these  blemishes;  and  was  enabled 
by  a  learned  friend  to  place  a  long,  though  incom- 
plete, list  of  them  in  the  publisher's  hands  about  two 
years  ago  ;  and  I  have  reason  to  hope  that  when  a 
new  edition  issues  from  the  press,  it  will  bear  the 
marks  of  careful  revision. 

I  am  able  to  inform  Eirionnach  that  the  at- 
tempt to  raise  a  sum  of  money,  first  for  the  pur- 
pose of  restoring  Leighton's  tomb,  and  then  to 
support  and  perpetuate  the  schools  of  Horsted 
Keynes,  had  but  partial  success.  The  first  object 
indeed  was  achieved,  and  there  is  now  a  monu- 
ment to  the  revered  saint  in  the  parish  church- 
yard, with  an  inscription  from  the  elegant  pen  of 
the  present  rector.  I  regret  to  add  that,  after 
this  inexpensive  work  was  paid  for,  there  remained 
but  a  trifle  for  the  schools. 

The  more  pleasing  portrait  of  Leighton  to  which 
Eirionnach  alludes,  is  copied  from  an  engraving 
for  which  I  was  indebted  to  the  kindness  of  Mr. 
Perceval  White,  and  which  he  satisfied  me  was 
an  authentic  likeness.  John  N.  Pearson. 


Eirionnach,  in  his  able  and  careful  review  of 
the  various  editions  of  the  works  of  the  worthy 
and  learned  Archbishop  of  Glasgow,  seem*  to 
speak  as  if  he  was  in  doubt  as  to  the  exact  title  of 
one  of  them.  That  referred  to  is  in  my  possession, 
bearing  to  be  '■'Select  Wo7'hs  of  Archbishop  Leigh- 
ton, some  of  which  were  never  before  printed, 
To  which  is  prefixed  an  Account  of  the  Author's 
Life  and  Character.  Edinburgh,  Printed  for  Da- 
vid Wilson,  and  sold  by  him  and  the  Booksellers 
of  Edinburgh  and  Glasgoio,  mdccxlvi."  8vo.  pp. 
600.,  with  twenty-three  additional  pages  of  preli- 
minary matter,  and  a  portrait  in  an  oval  inscribed 
"  The  Most  Reverend  Rob'.  Leighton,  D.D.  late 
Arch-bishop  of  Glasgow,  EtatAO,  1654,  R.  Strange, 
Sculp"  The  contents  of  the  volume  (on  a  sepa- 
rate page)  are 

"  Some  Account  of  the  Author's  Life  and  Character  — 
Eighteen  Sermons  —  An  Exposition  on  the  Creed,  Lord's 
Prayer,  and  Ten  Commandments,  with  Two  Discourses, 
and  Short  Catechism,  In  which  the  Errors  of  the  former 
Edition  are  corrected —  Ten  Sermons  never  before  pub- 
lished." 

As  this  edition  is  seldom  to  be  had,  and  as  the 
Preface  of  "  the  Publisher  to  the  Reader  "  com- 
municates a  little  rather  interesting  information 
in  regard  to  the  position  of  some  of  the  bishop's 
printed  works  and  certain  of  his  MSS.  at  the 
above  date,  when  Wilson  published,  it  may  be 
worth  a  reprint,  as  follows :  — 

"  I  here  offer  to  your  Perusal  some  of  the  Practical 
Works  of  that  eminent  and  worthy  Divine,  Dr.  Robert 
Leighton,  viz.  Eighteen  Sermons,  an  Exposition  on  the 
Creed,  Lord's  Prayer,  and  Ten  Commandments,  both 
which  were  formerly  published ;  but  the  former  Edition 
of  these  being  very  scarce  and  but  rarely'  to  be  met  with, 
it  was  by  the  Desire  and  Advice  of  several  judicious  and 


2»d  s.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


151 


learned  Gentlemen,  that  this  new  Edition  was  under- 
taken. 

"  In  reprinting  of  these,  great  care  has  been  taken  to 
rectify  several  gross  mistakes  and  errors  that  were  in  the 
former  Edition. 

"  You  have  also  here  Ten  Sermons  of  the  same  Author, 
never  before  published:  Any  who  has  read  his  other 
pieces  will  easily  discern  them  to  be  his,  as  they  are  wrote 
with  the  same  Spirit  of  Devotion  and  Piety  which  ap- 
pears in  the  whole  of  his  writings. 

"  I  was  favoured  with  the  Manuscript  of  Nine  of  these 
from  a  worthy  and  learned  Gentleman,  who  saj's,  as  far 
as  he  remembers,  he  copied  them  Iwith  his  own  Hand 
from  the  Bishop's  originals  about  sixty  years  ago. 

"  I  was  obliged  to  another  Gentleman  who  communi- 
cated the  Tenth  one  to  me  who  had  it  in  his  possession, 
taken  from  the  Bishop  as  he  delivered  it.* 

"  I  have  been  greatly  obliged  to  two  worthy,  learned, 
and  judicious  Ministers  (?)  who  took  the  charge  of  cor- 
recting this  Work,  and  think  myself  highly  indebted  to 
them  for  the  Pains  and  Labour  they  took  on  it. 

"  I  take  this  public  Opportunity  of  returning  my  grate- 
ful Acknowledgments  and  sincere  Thanks  to  all  the 
Ladies  and  Gentlemen  who  have  been  the  Encouragers  of 
my  Undertaking.  I  would  have  printed  a  List  of  Sub- 
scribers, but  I  thought  it  was  a  Piece  of  Ostentation  few 
are  fond  of. 

"  I  have  got  in  my  Possession  some  more  Writings  of 
this  valuable  Author,  which  never  were  pi'inted,  and  have 
a  View  of  procuring  some  others  which  probably  may  be 
communicated  to  the  Fuhliclt,  along  with  that  very  de- 
serving and  justly  esteemed  Work,  his  Commentary  on 
Peter,  which  is  now  become  very  scarce  and  seldom  to  be 
met  with. 

"  You  have  prefixed  to  this  Work  a  Print  of  the  Author 
for  a  Frontispiece,  as  also  some  Account  of  his  Life  and 
Character. 

"  In  short,  no  care  nor  pains  has  been  spared  to  make 
this  Book  as  correct  and  beautiful  as  possible. 

"  As  for  the  Discourses  themselves  of  our  pious  and 
worthy  Author,  I  doubt  not  but  thej^  will  give  full  satis- 
faction to  every  serious  and  impartial  Reader :  And  their 
meeting  with  a  kind  and  favourable  reception  from  the 
Publick  will  give  great  Pleasure  to  your  most  humble  and 
most  devoted  Servant,  David  Wilson.  Edinburgh,  March 
13,  1746." 

I  Lave  compared  a  good  deal  of  the  eighteen 
sermons  of  this  edition  with  that  (also  in  my  pos- 
session) of 

"  Sermons  preached  by  Dr.  Robert  Leighton,  late  Arch- 
bishop of  Glasgow,  Published  at  the  desire  of  his  Friends 
after  his  Death,  from  his  Papers  written  with  his  own 
hand.  S.  John  v.  35.,  Heb.  xi.  4.  London,  Printed  for 
Sam  Keble,  and  are  to  be  Sold  at  the  Great  Turk's-Head 
iu  Fleet  Street,  over  against  Fetter-Lane -End,  1692,"  8vo. 
pp.  292. 

And  from  the  Address  to  which  Eiripnnach 
quotes  so  liberally ;  but  I  cannot  find  any  difl'erent 
readings  in  the  text  between  the  two  editions. 
Wilson  appears  to  me  to  have  followed  as  his  rule 
the  edition  of  1692,  correcting  its  typographical 
blunders,  in  some  places  to  fall  into  others  of  a 
similar  kind,  and  making  such  slight  alterations  as 
"  it  is  "  for  "  its,"  &c.,  generally  modernising  the 
spelling,  throwing  in  more  capitals  and  italics,  and 

*  Preached  before  my  Lord  Commissioner  and  the  Par- 
liament, 14th  November,  1669,  John  xxi.  22. 


in  a  few  cases  new  arranging  the  mode  of  para- 
graphing. Upon  the  whole,  I  think,  both  editions 
are  creditable  as  books  of  the  day,  more  particu- 
larly in  the  great  run  of  that  description  of  reli- 
gious literature  published  in  Scotland,  which  was 
then  often  in  very  coarse  type  and  paper. 

It  may  be  stated  that  much  curious  information 
relating  to  the  bishop's  bursaries  will  be  found  in 
^^  Deeds  instituting  Bursaries,  Scholarships,  and  , 
other  Foundations  in  the  College  and  University 
of  Glasgow,  George  Richardson,  Printer  to  the 
University,  mdcccl.,"  4to.  pp.  299., — a  work  un- 
derstood to  have  been  privately  printed  at  College 
expence,  and  drawn  up  by  the  late  Dr.  William 
Thomson,  Professor  of  Medicine  (see  pp.  84.  91. 
and  292.  296.).  In  the  latter  pages,  the  original 
Deed  of  Mortification,  under  the  bishop's  hand, 
dated  "  Bradhurst  in  Sussex,  Aug.  1,  Anno  Do. 
1677,"  is  given  at  length  from  the  Burgh  (of  Glas- 
gow) Archives.  Through  the  want  of  this  docu- 
ment, only  "  obtained  by  the  kindness  of  the  civic 
authorities  "  at  the  time  of  the  above-mentioned 
publication,  there  formerly  existed  an  "  uncer- 
tainty (on  the  part  of  the  College  Faculty)  relative 
to  the  conditions  of  tenure  of  Bishop  Leighton's 
Bursaries  whichhad  proved  a  source  of  annoyance." 
These  in  "  State  of  Bursaries  in  the  University  of 
Glasgow  as  at  1st  Nov.  1858,"  are  represented  as 
"Patrons, Town  Council  of  Glasgow,  18Z.;  Patrons 
present  two,  of  whom  the  College  select  one ; 
the  Bursar  may  be  continued  for  two  or  three 
years  in  Divinity  by  Patrons,  if  he  has  good  cer- 
tificates from  the  Professors ;  commences  in  Greek ; 
course  of  Study  Philosophy ;  amount  of  Burse,  £9, 
4  years."  "  1857,"  one  student  of  "  Moral  Philo- 
sophy," and  another  of  "  Logic."  "  In  the  '  Memo- 
rabilia of  the  City  of  Glasgow,  selected  from  the 
Minute  Books  of  the  Burgh,  1588-1750'  (printed 
for  private  circulation,  Glasgow,  1835),  p.  305.,  of 
date,  8  Sept.  1677,  may  be  found  a  letter  of  thanks 
addressed  on  this  occasion  to  Bishop  Leighton  by 
the  Magistrates  and  Council." 

In  the  foregoing  deed,  as  well  for  the  purposes 
of  learning  as  of  charity,  it  is  narrated  in  respect 
to  the  latter 

«  That  I,  Dr.  Robert  Leighton,  late  Archbishop  of  Glas- 
gow in  Scotland,  upon  grave  and  serious  considerations, 
by  the  tenor  hereof,  Mortifie,  dote,  and  appoint  for  ever 
the  soumes  of  money  following  to  the  ends  and  uses  iin- 
derwr'en.  To  witt ....  Item,  to  the  Hospitall  in  y«  said 
Burgh  of  Glasco,  called  y«  Hospital  of  S'.  Nicolas,  or  y« 
Bishop's  Hospitall,  one  hundr.  and  fifty  pounds  sterl.  for 
y«  standing  maintenance  of  two  poor  men  yearly  in  y*  s* 
Hospitall  ....  v«  Magistrates  and  Town  Conseil  of 
Glasco  or  to  whom  they  shall  appoint  to  receit  it  in  their 
names  ....  to  v«  two  poor  men  in  y«  Hospitall  .... 
And  I  hope  they  both  will  be  carefull  to  chuse  such  as 
upon  whom  that  litle  charity  may  bee  best  bestowed, 
both  in  respect  of  their  indigency  and  good  conversation, 
which  is  to  be  testified  by  y«  Minister  of  y*  Barony,  or 
some  of  y«  Ministers  of  y«  Burgh  respective,"  &c. 

This  act  of  beneficence,  so  congenial  to  the 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2»d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59. 


bishop's  feelings,  might  also  be  so  far  thrust  upon 
his  notice  from  the  vicinity  of  the  "  Hospitall "  to 
the  cathedral,  the  seat  of  his  spiritual  functions, 
and  from  its  lying  in  the  way  of  his  daily  walks. 
As  a  visible  institution  it  has  now  ceased  to  exist, 
along  with  the  several  religious  fluctuations  under 
which  it  had  passed.  Various  accounts  of  the 
building  are  to  be  seen  in  the  different  histories 
of  Glasgow ;  perhaps  the  most  accurate  and  con- 
densed is  the  description  by  "  Wade,  Glasgow, 
1821,"  p.  60.,  as  "  a  neat  little  structure  of  free- 
stone, the  interesting,  although  shattered,  remains 
of  which  were  removed  in  1 805,  because  they  stood 
in  the  way  of  opening  St.  Nicholas  Street.  They 
were  in  the  style  usually  denominated  Gothic." 

Attached  to  the  hospital,  on  the  northwest,  was 
originally  a  set  of  apartments  for  the  accommoda- 
tion of  a  priest,  who  officiated  to  the  inmates  of 
the  building  in  a  small  neat  chapel,  also  con- 
structed of  freestone,  adjoining'to  the  apartments 
in  question  on  the  east.  In  McUre's  time  (1736)  : 

"  The  font "  (he  means,  we  suppose,  a  piscina  or  stoup 
for  containing  holy  water)  was  "  yet  to  be  seen,  as  were 
also  the  founder's  arms  (three  alcorns  in  the  seed  upon  a 
bend  dexter  within,  a  crosier  behind  the  shield  sur- 
mounted of  a  salmon  fish,  with  the  ensign  or  arms  of  the 
episcopal  see,  Mc  Ure,'^.  67.)  upon  the  building  in  several 
places.  The  hospital  was  founded  and  provided  with 
every  requisite  for  divine  service  about  the  j-ear  1450  by 
Bishop  Muirhead,  the  same  who  founded  the  Vicar's  Cof- 
lege.  The  original  foundation  was  for  twelve  poor  old 
la3'raen  and  a  chaplain.  Its  revenues  are  supposed  to 
have  suffered  greatly  at  the  Reformation.  By  the  pious 
and  primitive  Bishop  Leighton  they  were,  however,  in  a 
small  degree  augmented.  In  1736  they  were  neverthe- 
less so  scanty  as  only  to  afford  about  60  merks  Scots 
(3/.  6s.  9d.  sterlg.^  to  each  of  four  brethren.  An  improve- 
ment has  since  taken  place ;  for  in  1815  ten  pensioners 
were  on  the  foundation,  and  received  31.  a  j'ear  each. 
The  Magistrates  and  Town  Council  are  patrons  of  the 
Hospital ;  but  they  appoint  a  Preceptor,  in  whom  is 
vested  the  immediate  management  of  its  affairs." 

There  are  no  traditionary  particulars  connected 
with  the  bishop  while  he  filled  the  see  of  Glasgow 
that  I  could  ever  ascertain.  It  is  probable  that 
he  occupied  as  a  residence  the  archiepiscopal  pa- 
lace or  castle  adjacent  to  the  cathedral,  the  last 
portions  of  which  were  removed  about  1792  as  a 
site  for  the  erection  of  the  Royal  Infirmary.  This 
noble  ancient  edifice  was  shorn  of  its  glory  after 
the  Reformation,  and  is  said  to  have  been  allowed 
gradually  to  fall  into  disrepair,  till  it  finally  be- 
came nearly  a  ruin.  There  are,  however,  evi- 
dences that  some  years  prior  to  the  incumbency 
of  the  bishop  certain  parts  of  it  had  been  in  a 
habitable  condition,  meetings  of  the  College  Faculty 
taking  place  therein,  their  Minutes  dated  "  At  the 
Castell  of  Glasgow."  If  too  lordly  a  dwelling- 
place  for  the  humble-minded  bishop  there  would 
be  no  difficulty  at  that  period  in  obtaining  one  of 
the  numerous  prebendary  houses  or  manses  of  less 
ostentation,  which  were  so  thickly  planted  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  the  cathedral,  and  which  may 


be  deemed  the  most  in  consonance  with  the  cha» 
racter  of  the  man  who  was  such  a  strict  follower 
of  "  Him  who  had  not  where  to  lay  his  head." 

A  new,  accurate,  well-printed,  and  reasonably- 
priced  edition  of  Leighton's  Life  and  Works  would,. 
I  think,  be  a  great  boon  to  the  public.  Many  have 
a  prejudice  against  him,  in  the  sectarianism  of  the 
North,  as  not  of  "their  communion,"  which  an 
acquaintance  with  his  writings  would  undoubtedly 
to  a  great  extent  remove.  The  rich,  lofty,  and 
magnificent  ideas  in  his  Sermons,  all  so  beautifully 
traced  out  and  applied,  and  combined  with  so 
much  of  the  intense  spiritual  feeling,  cannot  fail 
to  make  it  to  be  perceived  that  the  writer's  whole 
mind  and  soul  were  engaged,  and  that  while  upon 
earth  he  lived  in  and  breathed  a  celestial  atmo* 
sphere.  G.  N. 


HENEY    SMITH,   iECTUEER    OF   ST.   CLEMENT  CANES. 

(1"  S.  iii.  222. ;  vi.  129.  231. ;  vii.  223.) 

We  believe  that  we  are  enabled  to  add  to  and 
correct  the  accounts  of  this  justly  celebrated 
divine  by  Dr.  Fuller,  and  in  Wood's  Athence  Oxo' 
nienses,  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  Brooks's  Lives  of 
the  Puritans,  Chalmers's  Biog.  Diet,  and  ojher 
works. 

He  was  admitted  a  fellow  commoner  of  Queen's 
College,  Cambridge,  17th  July,  1573.  As  he  was 
not  matriculated  at  Cambridge,  the  probability  is 
that  he  did  not  continue  there  long. 

Fully  believing  his  identity  with  Henry  Smithy 
matriculated  at  Oxford  in  1575  as  a  member  of 
Lincoln  College,  we  doubt  whether  he  took  a  de- 
gree at  Oxford,  or  elsewhere.  It  seems  that  one 
Henry  Smith,  of  Hart  Hall,  proceeded  M.A.  at 
Oxford,  9th  July,  1579  ;  and  that  another  of  the 
same  name  and  house  took  that  degree  3rd  May, 
1583.  Wood  states  the  latter  to  have  been  our 
Henry  Smith,  and  describes  him  as  of  Hart  HalJ, 
lately  of  Lincoln  College  ;  but  our  Henry  Smith, 
although  he  refers  to  his  having  been  at  a  Univer- 
sity, never  calls  himself  M.A.,  nor  do  we  find  him 
so  called  by  his  contemporaries.  He  indeed  terras 
himself  Theologus,  and  is  so  described  by  others. 
Richard  Greenham,  in  a  letter  to  Lord  Burghley, 
1587,  laments  that  Mr.  Smith  had  not  tarried  in 
the  University  until  his  gifts  were  grown  into 
some  more  maturity,  and  says  that  neither  he  nor 
the  Lord  Treasurer  could  obtain  that  favour  of 
his  father. 

In  consequence  of  his  temporary  suspension  by 
Bishop  Aylmer,  he  has  been  ranked  with  the 
Puritans ;  but  he  wrote  well  and  warmly  in  de- 
fence of  the  Church  of  England  against  the  Brown- 
ists  and  Barrowists. 

Without  the  least  desire  to  detract  from  Mr. 
Marsden's  encomium  on  Lord  Burghley  for  his 
successful  exertions    in  procuring   Mr.  Smith's 


2^-1  8.  VIII.  Aug.  20,  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIED 


153 


restoration  to  his  lectureship,  we  may  be  allowed 
to  point  out  that  his  lordship's  sister  was  the 
second  wife  of  Mr.  Smith's  father. 

It  has  been  said  that  Mr.  Smith  resigned  his 
patrimony  to  his  younger  brother.  The  fact  that 
he  died  many  years  before  his  father  seems  to 
have  been  overlooked. 

Joshua  Sylvester  turned  Henry  Smith's  Latin 
Sapphics  and  epigrams  into  English  verse. 

Mr.  Collier's  note  (p.  100.)  of  his  edition  of 
Nash's  Pierce  Penniless,  satisfies  us  that  it  is  hope- 
less to  expect  that  the  English  poetry  of  Henry 
Smith  can  now  be  recovered  or  identified.  We 
marvel,  however,  that  Mr.  Collier  could  have 
failed  to  recognise  in  silver-tongued  Smith  the 
greatest  preacher  of  the  age.  Mr.  Hunter,  in  his 
Illustrations  of  Shakspeare,  twice  refers  to  him. 

Fuller  (whom  others  follow)  conjectured  that 
he  died  about  1600.  Wood  says  :  "  This  person 
was  in  very  great  renown  among  men  in  fifteen 
hundred  ninety  and  three,  in  which  year,  if  I  mis- 
take not,  he  died."  Dr.  Bliss,  from  the  allusion 
to  him  in  Nash's  Pierce  Penniless,  came  to  the 
conclusion  that  Wood  had  dated  his  death  some- 
what after  its  occurrence.  Seven  of  his  sermons, 
published  in  1591,  are  stated  to  have  been  perused 
by  the  author  before  his  death.  It  is  curious  that 
Fuller,  who  collected  his  works,  did  not  see  that 
this  was  conclusive  proof  that  he  died  in  or  before 
1591.  All  doubt  upon  the  subject  is  disposed  of 
by  the  statement  in  the  parish  register  of  Hus- 
bands Bosworth,  Leicestershire,  to  the  effect  that 
Henry  Smith,  theologist,  son  of  Erasmus  Smith, 
Esq.,  was  buried  there  4fh  July,  1591.  This  en- 
try is  given  in  Nichols's  Leicestershii'e  (ii.  468.) ; 
but  Mr.  Nichols  (whose  labours  we  can  never 
name  without  the  highest  respect  and  commenda- 
tion) did  not  comprehend  its  significance,  and 
actually  contended  (p.  889.  of  the  same  volume) 
that  Mr.  Smith  must  have  been  living  in  1597, 
because  a  work  under  his  name  appeared  in  that 
year. 

His  mother  was daughter  of  ....  . 

Bydd.     Can  any  of  your  correspondents  enable 
us  to  fill  up  these  blanks  ? 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopeh. 
Cambridge. 


HEEBERT   KNOWLES. 

(2""iS.  viii.  28.  55.  116.) 

I  recollect  Herbert  Knowles  in  my  first  half- 
year  at  Richmond  School.  I  am  not  able  to  speak 
of  him  from  personal  acquaintance,  for  I  was 
much  his  junior ;  but  I  may  here  mention  a  tri- 
vial matter  which  has  long  lingered  in  my  me- 
mory, and  which  may  perhaps  be  some  slight 
evidence  of  a  retiring  and  meditative  disposition 
as  characteristic  at  that  time  of  the  youthful  bard. 

Some  of  us  were  returning  at  dusk  of  evening 


from  the  well-known  field  which  was  then  our 
play-ground,  by  the  side  of  the  river.  Herbert 
Knowles  was  walking  in  the  contrary  direction, 
towards  Easby,  when  some  remark  was  made  play- 
fully by  one  of  the  scholars,  about  his  own  stand- 
ing, as  to  Herbert  liking  a  late  and  solitary  walk. 

After  the  Christmas  vacation  he  returned  not 
to  the  school.  Shortly  after  his  death  his  "  Lines 
written  in  the  Churchyard  of  Richmond,  York- 
shire," were  printed  on  letter-sheet  paper,  and 
circulated  far  and  wide.  There  is,  I  believe,  little 
doubt  of  his  having  written  some  other  pieces.  I 
find  a  memorandum  of  my  own  that  "  H.  K.  wrote 
some  lines  which  appeared  in  The  Literary  Sou- 
venir for  1825." 

The  "  Lines  in  Richmond  Churchyard,"  and  a 
brief  account  of  their  author,  may  be  found  in 
Carlisle's  Grammar  Schools,  1818,  vol.  U.  p.  880.; 
Quarterly  Review,  vol.  xxi.  p.  39^. ;  Life  of 
Southey,  1850,  vol.  iv.  pp.  221-7.;  Clapperton's 
Poetical  Scrap-Book,  1824,  p.  77.;  Robinson's 
Guide  to  Richmond,  1833,  p.  60. ;  Bowman's  Guide 
to  Richmond,  1853,  p.  34. ;  Black's  Guide  to  York- 
shire, 1858,  p.  248. 

In  the  Saturday  Mag.  (vol.  xvi.  p.  206.)  are 
the  following  lines,  to  which  Knowles's  name  is 
appended.  I  remember  having  a  copy  of  them 
given  to  me  as  the  production  of  Herbert 
Knowles :  — 

"  Forgive  thy  foes ;  nor  that  alone ; 
Their  evil  deeds  with  good  repa}' ; 
Fill  those  with  joy  who  leave  thee  none, 
And  kiss  the  hand  upi'aised  to  slay. 

"  So  does  the  fragrant  sandal  bow, 
In  meek  forgiveness  to  its  doom ; 
And  o'er  the  axe,  at  every  blow, 
Sheds  in  abundance  rich  perfume." 


In  the  Literary  Gazette  for  Dec.  26,  1818,  was 
copied  the  well-known  poem  of  Herbert  Knowles, 
on  the  "  Three  Tabernacles,"  with  a  notice  that 
the  author  died,  aged  nineteen,  Sept.  17,  1818. 
In  the  subsequent  number  for  January  9,  1819, 
appeared  a  "  Fragment  of  an  unfinished  Poem " 
by  the  same  author,  with  a  correction  of  the 
former  date,  stating  that  Knowles  died  in  April, 
1818.  How  this  is  to  be  reconciled  with  the  date 
given  by  J.  F.  W.,  February  17,  1817,  is  beyond 
the  ken  of  F.  C.  H. 


HOW   THE   LORD   HIGH   CHANCELLOB   GOES    TO 
WESTMINSTER. 

(2"^  S.  viii.  104.) 

Your  legal  readers  will  be  grateful  for  H.'s 
communication  headed  as  above,  and  be  glad  to 
receive  farther  information  relative  to  forensic 
ceremonies,  many  of  which  have  been  wholly  dis- 
continued, and  some  of  which  have  only  the  sha- 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[^•"i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59. 


dows  of  them  left.  One  of  these  is  the  ceremony 
on  the  first  day  of  Term.  The  Lord  Chancellor's 
reception  of  the  judges  still  continues,  but  I  be- 
lieve is  now  limited  to  two  of  the  Terms.  I  am 
not  able  to  say  what  entertainment  his  Lordship 
gives  them ;  but  probably  some  dignified  corre- 
spondent, who  has  the  privilege  of  entree,  will 
condescend  to  tell  your  readers  whether  the 
"  brewed  wine"  and  "  biskett  wafers"  now  form  a 
part  of  it  ?  We  have  still  the  procession  to  West- 
minster Hall,  though  somewhat  curtailed  in  its 
grandeur ;  but  I  am  not  certain  whether  the 
friendly  greeting  of  the  Serjeants  at  the  door  of 
the  Common  Pleas  —  which  "many  a  time  and 
oft"  I  have  witnessed  in  the  days  of  my  youth  — 
still  takes  place,  for  it  is  many  and  many  a  year 
since  I  was  present  on  the  occasion. 

The  extract  given  by  H.  shows  that  the  manner 
of  the  procession,  "  whither  on  horse  or  in  coach," 
was  then  in  a  transition  state  ;  and  therefore  most 
probably  in  the  reign  of  Charles  IL,  as  will  pre- 
sently appear.  But  if  H.  would  inform  us  the 
name  of  the  Lord  Chancellor  in  whose  family  this 
record  exists,  we  should  then  have  a  better  means 
of  confirmation. 

How  soon  these  processions  began,  history  does 
not  communicate.  That  previously  to  the  reign 
of  Queen  Mary  the  judges  were  mounted  on 
mules  we  learn  from  Dugdale  (Origines,  p.  38.), 
who  tells  us  that  Mr.  Justice  Whiddon,  in  1  Mary, 
"  was  the  first  of  the  Judges  who  rode  to  West- 
minster Hall  on  a  Horse  or  Gelding,  for  before 
that  time  they  rode  on  Mules." 

Horses,  we  may  presume,  were  henceforward 
adopted  for  the  next  century ;  for  we  find  the  fol- 
lowing entry  in  Pepys's  Diary  (ed.  1854,  vol.  i. 
p.  116.)  on  October  23,  1660  :  "  I  met  the  Lord 
Chancellor  and  all  the  Judges  riding  on  horse- 
back, and  going  to  Westminster  Hall,  it  being  the 
first  day  of  Term." 

And  yet  in  January,  1673,  not  thirteen  years 
after,  Roger  North  {Exameti,  p.  56.)  speaks  of 
the  procession  on  horseback  as  the  revival  of  an 
old  cuxtom,  leaving  one  to  ^nfer  that  there  was  a 
much  longer  interval  since  it  was  practised.  It  is 
too  entertaining  and  picturesque  to  omit  :^ — 

"  His  Lordship  (Lord  Shaftesbury)  had  an  early  fancy, 
or  rather  freak,  the  first  day  of  the  Term  (when  all  the 
ofiicers  of  the  Law,  King's  Counsel  and  Judges,  used  to 
wait  upon  the  Great  Seal  to  Westminster  Hall)  to  make 
this  procession  on  Horseback,  as  in  old  time  the  way  was 
when  Coaches  were  not  so  rife.  And  accordingly  the 
Judges  were  spoken  to,  to  get  Horses,  as  they  and  all  the 
rest  did  bj'  borrowing  or  hiring,  and  so  equipped  them- 
selves with  black  foot-cloaths  in  the  best  manner  they 
could :  and  diverse  of  the  nobility,  as  usual,  in  compli- 
ment and  honour  to  a  new  Lord  Chancellor,  attended  also 
in  their  equipments.  Upon  notice  in  Town  of  this  Caval- 
cade, all  the  shew  Company  took  their  places  at  Win- 
dows and  Balconies,  with  the  Foot  Guard  in  the  Streets, 
to  partake  of  the  fine  sight ;  and  being  once  settled  for 
the  March,  it  moved,  aa  the  design  was,  statelily  along. 


But  when  they  came  to  straights  and  interruptions,  for 
want  of  gravitj'  in  the  beasts,  or  too  much  in  the  riders, 
there  happened  some  curvetting,  which  made  no  little 
disorder.  Judge  Twisden,  to  his  great  affright  and  the 
consternation  of  his  grave  brethren,  was  laid  along  in  the 
dirt ;  but  all  at  length  arrived  safe,  without  loss  of  life  or 
limb  in  the  service.  This  accident  was  enough  to  divert 
the  like  frolic  for  the  future;  and  the  very  next  Term 
after,  they  fell  to  their  Coaches  as  before." 

And  so  for  two  hundred  years  they  have  pro- 
ceeded without  change.  AVhether  coaches  were 
ever  used  in  procession  in  the  reigns  of  Elizabeth, 
James  I.,  or  Charles  I.,  and  whether  there  was 
any  procession  in  the  time  of  the  Commonwealth, 
I  must  leave  to  others  to  record.    Edavaed  Foss. 

Churchill  House,  Dover. 


MOUNT    ST.    MICHAEL,    NORMANDT. 

(2"'' S.  viii.  111.) 

In  answer  to  your  correspondent  A.  D.  C,  I 
can  refer  him  to  the  following  works,  in  which  he 
will  find  the  information  he  desires  :  — 

"  Histoire  de  la  c^lfebre  Abbaye  du  Mont  Saint-Michel, 
par  Dom.  Haynes."  (This  writer  quitted  the  monastery 
for  the  Abbey  of  St.  Germain  des  Pr^s,  where  he  died  in 
1651.) 

"  Histoire  abr^g^e  du  Mont  St.-Michel  avec  les  Motifs 
pour  en  faire  le  P^lerignage,  par  un  Religieux  de  la  Con- 
gregation de  St.  Maur,  in  12.,  Avranches,  Lecourt,  1661." 

"  Le  Voyage  au  Mont  Saint-Michel,  fait  avec  M. 
Chamboi,  fils  du  Gouverneur  de  Caen,  qui  fut  nomme 
Capitaine  de  deux  cents  jeunes  gens  qui  furent  dans  le 
Voj-age."  M.  de  Saint-JMartin  (the  famous  Abbd  de  Saint 
Martin)  fut  nomme  du  Pelerignage.  (This  visit  oc- 
curred in  1647.) 

"  Voyage  en  Basse  Normandie  et  Descript.  Hist,  du 
Mont  Saint-Michel,  par  De  la  Roque.  Mercure  de  1726 
et  1733." 

"Notice  Hist,  et  Topog.  du  Mont  Saint-Michel,  de 
Tombelene  et  d'Avranches,  par  M.  Blondel.  Edit,  de 
1813." 

"  Voyage  au  Mont  Saint-Michel,  au  Mont  Dol,  et  k  la 
Roche  aux  Fees,  par  La  Houssaye." 

"  Architectural  Antiquities  of  Normandy,  by  Cotman 
and  Turner,  1822." 

"  Le  Mont  Saint-Michel,  par  Charles  Nodier,  dans  les 
*  Annates  Romantiques,'  1825." 

"  Recherches  sur  le  Mont  Saint-Michel,  par  M.  de 
Gerville,  1828." 

"  De  I'Etat  Ancien  et  Actuel  de  la  Bale  du  Mont  Saint- 
Michel,  by  I'Abb^  Manet,  1829." 

"  Histoire  Pittoresque  du  Mont  Saint-Michel,  par  Maxi- 
milien  Raoul,  1834." 

"Le  Mont  Saint  Michel,  Sonnets,  par  M.  Julien  Tra- 
vers,  1834." 

"  An  Architectural  Tour  in  Normandv,  by  Gaily 
Knight." 

"  Du  Mont  Saint-Michel  en  peril  de  Mer,  par  M. 
Maudhuy,  1835." 

"  Histoire  du  Mont  Saint-Michel,  par  M.  Desroches, 
1839." 

«  Le  Mont  Saint-Michel,'  par  M.  Ephrem  Houel,  1839." 

"  Notice  Historique  sur  le  Mont  Saint- Michel,  par  M. 
Boudent-Godelinifere." 

"  Le  Mont  Saint  Michel  au  peril  de  la  Mer,  par  M. 
Tre'butien,  1841." 


2»'i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


«<  A  Short  Historical  Account  of  Mount  St.  Michael,  by 
J.  Hairbv,  1841." 

Miss  Costello's  "  Snmmer  Amongst  the  Socages  and 
the  Vines,"  contains  several  chapters  on  the  Mount  St. 
Michael.  Also,  Trollope's  "  Summer  in  Brittany,"  2  vols. 
Bentley. 

"  Essai  Archaeologique  et  Artistique  sur  le  Mont  Saint- 
Michel,  par  M.  de  Clinchamp,  1842." 

"  Notice  sur  les  Canons  du  Mont  Saint-Michel,  par  M. 
Maugan  Delalande." 

"  Mem.  des  Aut.  de  I'Ouest,  Histoire  du  Mont  Saint- 
Michel,  par  M.  Fulgence  Girard,  1843." 

"  Histoire  et  Description  du  Mont  Saint-Michel,  texte 
de  M.  Le  Hericher,  Secretaire  de  la  Societe  d'Archajo- 
logie  d'Avranches,  dessins  par  M.  Bouet,  publiees  par  M. 
Ch.  Bourdoir."  (This  fine  work  is  in  folio,  and  contains 
sixteen  beautiful  lithographs.) 

"  Avranchin,  Monumental  et  Historique,  par  Edouard 
le  Hericher,"  2  vols. 

"  Histoire  du  Mont  St.-Michel  et  de  I'Ancien  Diocbse 
d'Avranches,  par  I'Abbe  Dcsroches,"  2  vols. 

"  Dix  Ans  de  Prison  au  Mont  Saint-Michel  et  h  la 
Citadelle  de  DouUens,  par  Martin  Bernard,  1854." 

An  article  on  the  "  cachots"  of  Mont  Saint-Michel,  in  the 
New  Monthly  Magazine  for  1855,  by  William  Jones,  F.S.  A. 
Poetry  has  also  illustrated  this  romantic  mountain :  "  Le 
Siege  (Roman  de  Rou),  par  Wace,  xii.  sifecle ;"  "  Le  Prinse 
du  Mont  Saint-Michel,  par  J.  de  Vitel,  1588;"  «'Le3 
Sonnets  de  M.  Travers; "  "Legende  du  Mont  Saint- 
Michel,  par  Madame  Colet ;"  "  Fleurs  du  Midi ;  Mes 
Nuits,  par  M.  Mathieu." 

I  have  given  a  somewhat  lengthened  list  of 
works  on  the  Mount  St.  Michael,  thinking  it 
might  interest  those  persons  who,  like  myself, 
have  been  charmed  with  that  beautiful  and  ro- 
mantic spot.  There  are,  no  doubt,  other  books 
which  may  be  found  in  the  bibliotheque  at 
Avranches.  W.  J. 


^tpXitg  ta  Minav  €iuttltg. 

Vincent  Dowling,  and  the  Parliament  of  Pimlico 
(2"^  S.  viii.  89.) — Those  who,  with  Abhba.  and 
Mr.  Gilbert,  attach  some  importance  to  Vincent 
Dowling,  and  to  his  son  Vincent  George  Dowling, 
may  have  no  objection  to  be  referred  to  the  Dublin 
Evening  Post  of  June  26  and  July  9,  1817,  where 
an  interesting  correspondence  and  controversy 
with  which  the  Dowlings  are  mixed  up  may  be 
found.  Old  Vincent  Dowling  repudiates  his  son 
for  appearing  as  evidence  against  Dr.  Watson, 
and  trusts  that  the  public  may  not  confound  him 
(the  Senior)  with  Vincent  George  Dowling,  Jun. 
In  the  Evening  Post  of  July  9,  1817,  the  latter 
vindicates  his  conduct  in  a  long  letter,  notices  the 
circumstances  which  led  to  his  departure  from 
Dublin  in  1800,  and  alludes  at  some  length  to  the 
horsewhipping  which  he  gave  Peter  Finnerty  a 
short  time  before.  The  editor  of  the  Post,  the 
late  Frederick  William  Conway,  replies  to  Dow- 
ling's  letter  in  an  editorial  article.  Conway  had 
previously  given  offence  touV.  G.  Dowling  by  ap- 
plying to  him  the  sobriquet  of  "  Castle  Dowling." 
The  phrase  is  calculated  to  convey  the  idea  that 
Dowhng  had  been  corrupted  by  "the  Castle" — 


the  seat  of  Irish  government ;  but  I  rather  think 
that  the  editor  merely  meant  to  compare  him  to 
Castles,  who  also. gave  evidence  on  the  trial  of  Dr. 
Watson.  In  the  papers  of  the  day  an  epigram 
appears,  suggested  by^  reading  the  evidence  of 
Castles :  — 

"  I  happily  have  lived  to  see 
The  fall  of  perjured  infamy, 

By  British  jury  rare. 

"  And  now  I  hope,  witl\out  a  trope, 
For  peace,  for  plenty,  and  a  rope. 
And  Castles  in  the  air." 

William  John  Fitz-Patrick. 

The  Hill  Family :  Abigail  Hill  (2"">  S.  viii.  9. 57.) 
— In  reply  to  Mb.  D'Avenet,  an'extract  from  a 
letter  of  the  Duchess  of  Marlborough,  said  to  have 
been  written  to  Bp.  Burnet,  will  serve  to  show 
her  connexion  with  the  Hills  :  — 

"  You  enquire  into  the  ground  of  favour  to  the  Hills.  I 
can  only  tell  you  that  I  did  not  know  there  were  such 
people  till  about  20  j'ears  ago,  when  I  was  told  by  an 
acquaintance  that  1  had  relations  that  were  in  want,  and 
that  this  woman  was  a  daughter  of  my  father's  sister. 
My  father  had  in  all  two-and-twenty  brothers  and  sisters, 
and  tho'  I  am  very  little  conceited  about  pedigrees  or 
family,  I  know  not  why  I  should  not  tell  j'ou  that  his 
was  reckoned  a  good  one ;  and  that  he  had  in  Somerset- 
shire, Kent,  and  St.  Albans,  4000Z.  a  year.  However,  it 
was  not  strange,  that  when  the  children  were  so  many, 
their  portions  were  small ;  and  that  one  of  them  married 
this  Mr.  Hill,  who  had  some  business  in  the  city  either 
as  a  merchant  or  projector,  and  was  some  way  related  to 
Mr.  Harley,  and  by  profession  an  Anabaptist.  From  the 
time  I  knew  their  condition,  I  helped  them  every  way  as 
much  as  I  could,  to  which  I  had  no  motive  but  charity 
and  Relation,  having  never  seen  the  father." 

In  another  letter,  the  Duchess  styles  her  — 

"  A  woman  that  I  took  out  of  a  garrett,  and  from  a 
starving  condition,  put  her  and  all  her  family,  which  were 
six,  in  ease  and  plenty.  And  the  great  General  Hill  I 
bred  at  Dr.  James's  at  St.  Albans,  and  brought  him  by 
degrees  to  enjoy  1800Z.  a  j'ear,  purely  by  my  interest," 
&c.  &c.  —  Vide  Private  Correspondence  of  the  Duchess 
of  Marlborough. 

The  History  of  the  Doivager  Duchess  of  Marl' 
borough  has  the  same  version  :  — 

"  Our  grandfather.  Sir  John  Jenyns,  had  two-and- 
twenty  children ;  by  which  means  the  estate  of  the  family, 
which  was  reputed  to  be  about  4O0OZ.  a  year,  came  to  be 
divided  into  small  parcels.  Mrs.  Hill  had  only  500/.  to 
her  portion." 

Again :  — 

"  Afterwards  I  sent  Mrs.  Hill  more  money,  and  saw 
her.  She  told  me  that  her  husband  was  in  the  same  rela- 
tion to  3Ir.  Harley  as  she  loas  to  me,  but  that  he  had  never 
done  anything  for  her." 

Consequently,  as  she  was  cousin  to  the  Duchess, 
her  husband  must  have  been  cousin  to  Harley. 

Ithuriel. 

Tennyson's  ''Enid''  (2"'*  S.  viii.  131.)  — Pro- 
bably the  poet-laureate  has  taken  his  story  of 
"  Enid"  from  the  French  metrical  version  of  Geraint 
ab  Erbin  ("  Geraint  the  son  of  Erbin "),  one  of 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<»  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59. 


the  Welsh  Mabinogi,  which  has  been  adapted  and 
slightly  altered  by  the  trouveur,  Chrestien  de 
Troyes,  and  entitled  by  him  "  Erec  and  Enide." 
A  translation  of  the  original  will  be  found  in  the 
second  volume, of  Lady  Charlotte  Guest's  Ma- 
hinogion  (8vo,,  London,  1849).  Her  ladyship  has 
also  given,  in  the  same  volume,  a  brief  analysis  of 
Chrestien's  version,  as  well  as  copious  extracts 
from  it ;  and  intimates  that  the  entire  work  was 
about  to  be  republished,  under  the  auspices  of  the 
Count  de  la  Villemarque,  the  eminent  French 
antiquary.  There  are  also  German  and  Icelandic 
versions  of  the  same  story,  avowedly  borrowed 
from  Chrestien  de  Troyes.  )3. 

Vertue's  ^'■Draughts"  (2"'^  S.  viii.  26.  93.)— Me. 
Boys  was  not  aware  that  I  had  exhausted  all  the 
means  which  the  British  Museum  afforded.  I 
believe  that  when  Mr.  Leake  wrote  (1^'  S.  xi. 
380.)  "Vertue's  Draughts,^'  he  did  not  mean 
"Vertue's  Engravings'*  His  descriptions  of 
crowns,  though  generally  corresponding  with  the 
engravings,  do  not  always  do  so.  Hence  I  feel 
confident  that  he  had  seen  the  draughts.  And 
these  latter  are  what  I  want  to  discover. 

It  is  matter  of  history  that  Vertue  travelled 
over  England  to  make  drawings  from  tombs  and 
statues.  It  is  quite  evident  that  these  drawings 
from  existing  remains  would  be  of  infinitely  more 
value  than  his  engravings,  vamped  up  for  the 
booksellers.  Now  his  drawings,  on  his  death, 
were  sold  by  auction.  Many  of  them  went  into 
Lord  Besborough's  collection.  But  Lord  Bes- 
borough's  collection  is  elsewhere  spoken  of  as 
having  been  "dispersed."  Still,  such  valuable 
remains  as  these  could  hardly  be  lost  or  destroyed. 
And  my  impression,  from  Mr.  Leake's  papers,  is, 
that  he  had  had  access  to  them.  Sh£EN. 

Shooting  Soldiers  (2°*  S.  viii.  70.)  —  As  I  do 
not  find  the  Query  made  by  A.  A.  on  July  23, 
answered  in  your  number  for  August  6,  I  beg  to 
offer  the  following  scraps  of  information  on  the 
subject  of  military  executions  in  Hyde  Park. 

I  remember  an  upright  stone  in  the  Park  near 
Cumberland  Gate,  which  was  said  to  mark  the 
spot  where  soldiers  were  shot.  In  fact,  for  there 
is  no  question  about  it,  they  stood  in  front  of  the 
stone  itself.  When  Mr.  Hope's  new  gates  were 
erected,  the  ground  was  raised,  and,  as  the  stone 
was  firmly  set  in  the  earth,  it  was  simply  covered 
over  and  not  removed.  The  executions  were 
usually  on  account  of  repeated  desertion ;  —  a 
purely  military  offence  met  a  military  penalty, 
and  the  delinquent  suffered  a  soldier's  death.  In 
1747,  however,  an  exception  presents  itself  in  the 
case  of  Serjeant  Smith,  who  had  deserted  to  the 
French,  returned,  was  pardoned,  re-admitted  to 
the  army,  and  subsequently  went  over  to  the 
Pretender.  In  the  latter  service  Wade  captured 
him.    He  was  brought  to  London,  tried  by  court- 


martial,  and  being  sentenced  to  be  hanged,  he 
was  marched  from  the  Savoy,  through  St.  James's 
to  Hyde  Park,  where  he  was  gibbetted,  and  late 
in  the  day  buried.  Comrades  and  recruits  were 
always  present,  under  their  respective  officers,  to 
witness  these  executions. 

Wearing  oak-apples  —  not  yet  quite  extinct  — 
on  the  29th  of  May,  became  a  military  offence 
under  the  first  Georges.  For  a  soldier  to  "sport" 
this  emblem  was  to  manifest  a  love  for  the  Stuarts 
and  a  hatred  for  the  House  of  Brunswick.  As  a 
military  offence,  soldiers  who  ventured  to  show 
but  an  oak-leaf  in  their  fingers  were  flogged  al- 
most to  death  in  the  bloody  corner  of  Hyde  Park. 
Civilians  were  also  amenable  to  the  law  if  they 
thus  offended  on  the  anniversary  of  the  Kestora- 
tion.  Imprisonment,  whipping,  and  fine  punished 
their  lingering  loyalty  for  the  helpless  race.  I 
fancy  the  regular  military  executions  at  the  stone 
which  lies  near  the  Marble  Arch  commenced  after 
the  downfall  of  the  Stuarts,  and  continued  till  the 
younger  Pretender  had  ceased  to  have  preten- 
sions. Pepys,  at  all  events,  records  the  hanging 
of  two  soldiers  in  the  Strand,  but  they  had  been 
concerned  in  a  mutiny  at  Somerset  House. 

J.  DORAN. 

Greek  Word  (2"«  S.  viii.  88.)  — My  learned 
friend,  the  Rev.  A.  S.  Thelwall,  Teacher  of  Public 
Reading  at  King's  College,  London,  suggests  that 
the  Greek  word  required  can  be  no  other  than 
elxiKpivijs,  which  lexicographers  derive  from  (Iki] 
(splendor  solis)  and  Kplvofiui :  — 

*' Impermixtus,  Purus,  Sincerus,  Merus,  Veras,  Non 
fucatus :  item  et  Apertus,  Manifestus,  Perspicuus  :  et 
quasi  dicas  rp  eUjj  Kpivofievot,  quoniam  ad  splendorem 
solis,  i,  e,  TTiv  eiK-qv,  to,  fie;u,i.y;aei'a  Kal  ra  afny^  facile  SiaxpC- 
vtTM."    (Steph.  Thes.) 

Thomas  Boys. 

The  Greek  word  in  question  is  elKlKptv-fiSf  exa- 
mined (say  Liddell  and  Scott)  by  ike  sun's  light, 
and  so  found  genuine.  C.  W.  Bingham. 

Motto  (2°^  S.  viii.  110.) — Your  correspondent 
W.  J.  D.  asks  the  meaning  of  the  following  motto 
appended  to  the  arms  of  an  ancient  Irish  family  : 
"  His  calcabo  gartos."  Though,  as  your  corre- 
spondent observes,  Ducange  has  afforded  him  no 
assistance  in  the  elucidation  of  this  quaint  sen- 
tence, the  Irish  language  may  afford  some  aid. 
Gartos  is  a  latinised  form  of  ceart  (in  composition 
g-ceart)  and  the  latter  means  a  right.  As  the 
Irish  word  is  used,  it  clearly  means  a  native  Irish 
right,  like  those  of  which  the  leabhar  na  g-ceart 
treats.  The  motto  therefore  shows  that  the  family 
which  uses  it,  or  the  family  from  which  it  may 
have  been  taken,  at  some  period  subverted  the 
power  and  occupied  the  territories  of  some  fierce 
Gathelian  chief  or  sept,  and  gloried  in  so  doing. 
The  family  referred  to  has  escaped  me.  Its  his- 
tory may  bear  out  my  etymon.  H.  C.  C. 


-2n<i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


Liberavi  animam  mcam  (2^^  S.  viii.  108.) — Is  it 
possible  that  Mr.  Buckton  can  have  overlooked 
this  phrase  as  used  in  the  Vulgate,  Ezek.  iii.  19. 
21.,  and  xxxiii.  9.  ?  I  have  not  the  Life  of  Al- 
derson  before  me  ;  but  I  should  think  it  probable 
that  the  learned  Baron  used  the  expression  accu- 
rately, in  the  sense  of  the  prophet,  i.  e.  "  I  have 
warned  you,  and  whatever  course  you  may  take, 
at  any  rate  I  have  delivered  my  soul ;  your  blood 
will  not  be  required  of  me"  His  biographer, 
perhaps,  has  rather  misapplied  it,  if  he  means  it 
to  be  equivalent  to  the  words,  "  to  give  free  vent 
to  the  current  of  his  thoughts,"  however  indifferent 
he  might  be  to  the  graces  of  language. 

C.  W.  Bingham. 

There  is  a  quotation  which  runs  thus  :  "  Dixi : 
et  salvavi  animam  meam."  If  the  late  Baron  Al- 
derson  had  not  those  words  in  his  mind,  I  cannot 
doubt  that  he  intended  to  convey  their  meaning 
at  least,  when  he  wrote  "  Liberavi  animam 
meam."  The  sentence  to  which  I  allude  is  fa- 
miliar to  me,  and  I  have  often  quoted  it.  I  be- 
lieve it  comes  from  one  of  the  Fathers,  and  I 
think  from  St.  Bernard ;  but  at  this  moment  I 
cannot  recollect  its  author.  It  is  no  passage  of 
Holy  Scripture.  Its  meaning  is,  "I  have  spoken  : 
and  by  so  doing  have  delivered  my  soul  from  all 
responsibility,  which  I  might  have  incurred  by 
silence."  I  have  no  doubt  that  it  was  in  this 
sense  that  Baron  Alderson  appended  to  his  letter 
the  words  "  Liberavi  animam  meam."  We  are 
told  that  he  was  writing  to  "  a  friend  about  to  be 
perverted."  He  gave  him  advice  according  to  his 
own  ideas ;  and  thus,  as  he  conceived,  delivered 
his  own  soul  from  the  responsibility  which  he 
might  have  incurred  by  withholding  his  opinion 
and  counsel.  F.  C.  H. 

I  cannot  agree  with  Mr.  Buckton  as  to  either 
the  meaning  or  derivation  of  this  common  phrase. 
I  should  say  that  it  was  ordinarily  used  to  express 
that  the  speaker  had  relieved  himself  of  his  own 
responsibility  by  speaking  or  bearing  testimony. 
Thus  no  doubt  Baron  Alderson,  in  writing  to  his 
friend  under  the  circumstances  mentioned,  wished 
to  enter  his  protest  against  the  contemplated  step, 
careless  of  the  precise  way  in  which  it  was  worded. 
As  to  the  part  of  the  Vulgate  from  which  it  is 
taken,  I  think  there  can  be  little  doubt  but  that 
It  is  Ezek.  iii.  19. :  — 

"Si  autem  tu  annunciaveris  impio,  et  ille  non  fuerit 
conversiis  ab  impietate  sua,  et  a  via  sua  impia :  ipse  qui- 
dem  in  iniquitate  sua  morietur,  tu  autem  animam  tuam 
liberasti." 

This  appears  exactly  to  meet  the  point.  The 
meaning  then  will  be,  not  "  I  have  delivered  my 
opinion,"  but  "  I  have  delivered  my  soul." 

Vebna. 

Inn  Signs  hy  Eminent  Artists  (2"*  S.  vii.  522.) — 
Among  the  curious  inn  signs  painted  by  eminent 


artists,  may  be  mentioned  that  of  the  Queen's 
Head,  near  the  corner  of  New  Inn  Lane,  Epsom, 
which  was  painted  by  the  celebrated  Harlow 
while  on  a  visit  to  the  family  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Thomas  of  Epsom.  It  represented  the  head,  I  be- 
lieve, of  Queen  Caroline  ;  and  one  side  of  the  sign 
showed  the  face,  while  the  other  side  depicted  the 
back  of  the  head. 

On  a  late  visit  to  Epsom  I  found  that  this 
whimsical  sign  had  disappeared,  and  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  what  has  been  its  fate. 

Geo.  E..  Corner. 

At  a  small  tavern,  situate  at  Cottage  Green, 
Camberwell,  known  by  the  sign  of  the  "  Flying 
Dutchman,"  is  a  spirited  and  large  sign,  depicting 
the  before-mentioned  celebrated  racer  winning 
the  Derby,  ascribed  to  Herring,  the  proprietor  of 
the  hostelry  being  alive  to  its  value,  as  he  removes 
it  in  bad  weather.  Cam. 

I'aber  v.  Smith  (2'^'>  S.  viii.  87.  118.)  — The 
Latin  Faber  may  have  occasionally  been  used  for 
the  purpose  indicated  by  your  correspondent;  but 
there  are  two  reasons  for  doubting  whether  Faber 
can  be  properly  employed  as  an  equivalent  for 
the  name  of  Smith.  First,  because  Smith  has  its 
own  latinised  form,  Smithus,  Smitheus,  Smythius. 
Thus  Sir  Thomas  Smith,  the  able  and  learned  au- 
thor of  the  tractate  Dc  Republica  Anglorum,  1584, 
appears  as  Smyth,  Smith,  Smithus,  Smythius. 
And,  secondly,  because  "Faber"  is  bespoke,  hav- 
ing long  since  been  adopted  as  the  Latin  repre- 
sentative of  the  old  French  or  Norman  name 
Fevre,  Faur,  which  is  not  exactly  identical  with 
Smith.  It  is  thus  that  Faber  does  duty  in  Dio- 
nysius  Faber,  Guido  Faber,  Petrus  Faber ;  offi- 
ciating respectively  for  D.  le  Fevre,  G.  Fevre, 
and  P.  Faur. 

We  all  know  *'  Smith,"  and  we  all  have  a 
great  regard  for  him.  A  most  excellent  fellow 
is  "  Smith,"  but  such  a  Proteus  !  Think  of 
"  Smith,"  and  twenty  individuals  are  presented 
to  your  mind's  eye  at  once,  —  Smith  the  soldier. 
Smith  the  sailor.  Smith  the  country  clergyman. 
Smith  the  engineer  in  the  Russian  service.  Smith 
with  whom  you  made  acquaintance  at  Naples, 
Smith  that  never  goes  out  of  London,  Smith  of 
Cmwrlr  Castle,  North  Wales,  and  your  old  col- 
lege friend  Smith.  There  is  something  nebulous 
in  the  very  name  —  you  are  mystified.  The 
learned  Jesuit  Matthew  Wilson,  who  could  not 
lie  concealed  under  the  assumed  name  of  Edward 
Knott,  found  an  effectual  incognito  as  Nic.  Smith. 

Is  there,  then,  no  way  in  which  a  man  bearing 
the  name  of  Smith  may  possess  individuality  and 
identity  ?  Surely  it  rests  with  the  parents,  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Smith :  and  the  place  where  the  object 
may  best  be  secured  is  the  baptismal  font.  If  the 
name  of  Smith  be  no  identification,  at  least  let  the 
sponsorial  name  be  distinctive.  Beware  of  "John" 


158 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '5?. 


and  "William  :"  a  man  mip[ht  as  well  be  anony- 
mous at  once,  as  "John  Smith"  or  "William 
Smith."  Such  names  are  legion.  Rather  select 
some  Christian  name  of  more  rare  occurrence. 
Let  it  be  Protheroe  Smith,  Aquila  Smith,  Eger- 
ton  Smith.  In  short,  Horace,  Sydney,  Harry, 
Albert,  Rowland,  Herbert,  Frank,  Hugh,  Lau- 
rence, Caleb,  Adam,  all  answer  the  purpose  of 
specification  :  each  identifies  a  Smith.  Yet,  while 
securing  individuality,  avoid  peculiarity.  "  Seth 
Smith  "  is  a  combination  which  breaks  the  teeth. 

Thomas  Boys. 

Ifarat  at  Edinburgh  (2"'^  S.  viii.  52.  93.)  —  I 
have  looked  into  several  French  biographies  of 
Marat,  and  find  the  circumstance  mentioned  by 
all  of  them  of  his  having  resided  for  some  time  in 
Edinburgh.  The  BiograpMe  Universellc  states 
that  he  gave  French  lessons  in  that  city  in  1774  ; 
where  also,  according  to  Querard  {La  France  Lit- 
teraire),  he  published  a  work  in  that  year  in  the 
English  language,  under  the  title  of  The  Chains 
of  Slavery.  An  edition  of  this  work  in  French 
was  published  by  the  author  in  1792  ;  and  a  new 
edition  appeared  in  1833,  with  a  preliminary  dis- 
course by  M.  Havet,  and  a  portrait  of  Marat.  In 
La  Litterature  Frangaise  Coniemporaine,  by  MM. 
Bourquelot  and  Maury,  which  is  a  continuation 
of  Querard,  it  is  farther  stated  respecting  Marat's 
work,  that  — 

"  On  a  pretendu  re<jemment  que  Les  Chaines  de  VEs- 
clavage  n'^taient  point,  comme  on  I'avait  era,  un  ouvrage 
de  sa  composition,  soit  en  Anglais,  soit  en  Fran9ais, 
mais  line  traduction  faite  par  lui  d'un  Manuscrit  Anglais 
que  lui  avait  ^te  communique  par  son  auteur." 

Perhaps  M.  Havet's  Discours  Prelim,  may 
throw  additional  light  on  Marat's  alleged  stay  in 
Edinburgh,  in  which  city  itself,  one  would  think, 
where  your  querist  resides,  the  best  evidence 
might  be  traced  out,  from  contemporary  news- 
papers or  magazines,  of  the  information  required. 

J.  MACRAr. 

Oxford. 

Ancient  Localities  near  London  (2"^  S.  viii.  28.) 
— Henry  Thomas  Riley  is  probably  correct  in 
his  conjecture  respecting  Sandford  being  identical 
with  Stamford  Hill,  as  at  Stoke  Newington,  which 
is  close  to  that  place,  there  are  several  places 
bearing  that  name ;  i.  e.  Sandford  Lane,  Sandford 
Place,  &c.  Possibly  inquiry  into  the  old  history 
of  Stoke  Newington  may  throw  some  light  on  this 
subject. 

An  OT.D  Inhabitant  op  the  above  Locality. 

Titles  conferred  by  Oliver  Cromwell  (2"^  S.  vii. 
476.  ^i  seq.)  — A  complete  list  of  these,  and  none 
such  has  yet  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  is  given  in 
the  second  volume  of  Noble's  Memoirs  of  the 
Cromwell  Family.  Mine  is  the  Birmingham  edi- 
tion of  1784,  and  the  reference  is  vol.  ii.  pp.  534. 
to  544.     I  have  already  sent  a  Note  to  this  effect, 


but  omitted  to  give  the  page;  thinking,  perhaps 
somewhat  carelessly,  that  no  one  with  the  book  in 
his  hand  could  fail  at  once  to  find  it.  It  may  save 
trouble  if  I  add  that  this  list  concludes  the  second 
volume,  as  all  the  editions  may  not  be  paged 
alike.  It  may  surprise  some  of  your  readers  to 
find  that  Oliver  created  three  peers,  though  one 
of  them,  Bulstrode  Whitlock,  seems  never  to  have 
made  any  use  of  his  patent ;  or  rather  Thurloe, 
in  whose  hands  it  was  to  be  passed,  did  not  think 
fit  to  pass  it.  This  was  a  viscounty.  The  third 
peerage  was  a  barony  conferred  on  Edmund 
Duncho,  a  cousin  of  the  Protector's  —  the  title, 
Baron  Burnel.  H.  C. 

Workington. 

Knights  made  by  Oliver  Cromwell  (2°'^  S.  viii. 
114.)  —  Sir  Richard  Chiverton,  Lord  Mayor  of 
London,  1657,  who,  as  stated  by  your  correspon- 
dent R.  R.,  was  knighted  by  the  Protector  in 
1653,  appears  to  have  had  the  honour  conferred 
upon  him  a  second  time,  of  which  there  is  the  fol- 
lowing record  in  "  The  Pedigrees  of  Knights  made 
from  Carolus  II.  to  Queen  Anne,  by  Peter  Le 
Neve"  (Harl.  MS.,  5081.  f.  81.):  "Sir  Rich-i 
Chiverton,  aid.  Lond.,  knf*  at  Whitehall,  12  Oct. 
1663."  I  shall  be  obliged  to  R.  R.  for  a  reference 
to  the  first  grant  of  this  distinction  by  Cromwell, 
and  the  occasion  of  it.    h^SQ  ^'  ^'  ^^^^^ 

CromwelTs  Head  (2°^  S.  viii.  97.)  —  Lord  Coke, 
describing  in  October,  1754,  the  Florentine  Gal- 
lery, mentions  among  other  curious  things  :  — 

"  An  head  in  wax  of  Oliver  Cromwell  carries  on  it  all 
the  marks  of  a  great  wicked  man.  It  bears  the  strongest 
characteristics  of  boldness,  steadiness,  sense,  penetration, 
and  pride.  It  is  said  to  have  been  taken  off  from  his 
face  after  his  death.  I  cannot  yield  to  that  assertion. 
The  muscles  are  strong  and  lively,  the  look  is  fierce  and 
commanding.  Death  sinks  the  features,  renders  all  the 
muscles  languid,  and  flattens  every  nerve.  I  dare  say, 
the  Duke  of  Tuscany  then  reigning  (Ferdinand  II.) 
thought  it  an  honour  to  ask  and  receive  so  valuable  a 
present.  The  face  was  certainly  finished  durante  vita, 
the  succeeding  times  rendered  the  avowal  of  such  a  gift 
impolitic,  and  the  instance  of  so  strict  a  personal  friend- 
ship shameful." 

It  appears  from  another  letter  that  Cromwell's 
skull  was  also  exhibited  at  this  period  (1754)  at  a 
museum  of  one  of  our  Universities  in  England,, 
for  Lord  Coke  remarks  on  the  Academy  at  Bo- 
logna :  — 

"  I  could  not  help  wishing  that  we  had  some  similitude 
to  it  in  either  of  our  English  Universities.  We  have 
there  a  picture  galler}',  but  no  painters;  an  anatomy 
school,  but  no  surgeons.  We  abound  in  trifles,  and  are 
proud  of  showing  Oliver  CromiveU's  scull.  President  Brad- 
shaw's  hat,  and  a  Chinese  pack  of  cards." 

N.  H.  R. 

Hastings'  Trial  and  John  Mill  (2"^  S.  viii.  132.) 
—  It  is  altogether  a  mistake  to  say  that  Mill  was 
present  in  the  Commons  in  1787,  and  in  Westmin- 


2-  "1  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


159 


ster  Hall  in  1788,  on  the  occasion  of  the  trial  of 
Warren  Hastings.  Mill  was  born  in  1773,  and  was 
a  tutor  in  Sir  J.  Stuart's  family ;  and  afterwards,  in 
1793  and  1794,  at  the  college  in  Edinburgh.  In 
1798,  he  was  a  preacher,  and  first  came  to  London 
in  1800.  It  is  impossible  he  could  have  been  in  the 
gallery  of  the  House  of  Commons  in  1787  when 
Sheridan  made  his  great  speech,  for  he  was  not  in 
London  until  many  years  afterwards ;  and  if  he 
had  been,  the  judgment  of  a  boy  of  fourteen 
would  have  signified  nothing. 

The  opinion  of  all  the  good  judges  was  clear 
and  decided  that  Sheridan's  speech  in  Westmin- 
ster Hall  was  almost  a  failure  from  being  over- 
done, and  too  ambitious ;  and  they  used  to  cite 
Burke's  praise  of  it  as  an  evidence  that,  on  things 
relating  to  the  impeachment,  his  mind  was  be- 
wildered. E.  C.  B. 


MiittXlKntaui, 

MONTHLT    FEtJlLLETON   ON   FRENCH   BOOKS. 

The  Bihliotheque  Cliarpentier  is  a  collection  of  works 
quite  as  well  known  now  as  the  Aldine  Classics,  or  as 
Bohn's  Standard  Library.  Since  it  was  first  established 
it  has  been  gradually  made  to  Include  the  best  produc- 
tions both  of  modern  and  ancient  literature ;  and  amongst 
the  various  items  of  which  it  is  composed  we  would 
number  especially  a  series  of  memoirs  on  the  history  of 
France.  Critics  have  already  remarked  frequently  the 
importance  of  French  memoir  literature.  Beginning  with 
the  chronicle  of  Gregoire  de  Tours,  down  to  the  volumi- 
nous narrative  of  Saint  Simon,  it  embraces  an  inexhaust- 
ible fund  of  interesting  reading  :  it  brings  before  us 
characters  and  facts  with  which  we  are  more  or  less 
intimately  connected,  and  it  throws  upon  the  mysteries 
of  politics  a  light  which  we  fruitlessly  seek  from  the  of- 
ficial wording  of  state  papers. 

In  some  former  communications  we  have  already  no- 
ticed various  reprints  of  French  memoirs  ;  our  object 
to-day  is  to  take  up  this  review  where  we  left  it,  and  to 
ofl'er  a  few  observations  on  the  additions  lately  made  by 
M.  Charpentier  to  his  Btbliotkeque. 

I.  Mimoires  du  Cardinal  de  Retz,  adressis  a  Madame 
de  Caumartin,  sutvis  des  Instructions  inedites  de  Mazarin 
relatives  aux  Frondeurs,  nouvelle  edition,  revue  et  colla- 
tionne  sur  le  Manuscrit  original,  avec  une  Introduction,  des 
Notes,  des  E'claircissements  tires  des  Mazarinades  et  un 
Index,  par  Aim€  Champollion-Figeac.    12o,  4  vols. 

The  beginning  of  the  reign  of  Louis  XIV.  is  one  of  the 
most  curious  periods  in  French  history.  It  appears  to  us 
full  of  confusion,  of  turmoil,  of  corruption  both  political 
and  social.  The  attempts  of  the  nobility  to  destroy  Riche- 
lieu's work,  and  to  reconstitute  the  feudal  system ;  the 
endeavour  on  the  part  of  the  magistracy  represented  by 
the  parliament  to  arrest  the  encroachments  of  the  exe- 
cutive power,  and  to  obtain  on  behalf  of  the  nation  some 
kind  of  guarantee ;  the  intrigues  of  Cardinal  Mazarin  and 
the  turbulence  of  the  Frondeurs;  such  are  the  several 
causes  which  give  to  that  epoch  a  character  full  of  ori- 
ginality. The  dramatis  personm  who  figured  during  its 
course  stand  out  in  bold  relief;  they  are  energetic,  enter- 
prising, violent  both  in  their  affections  and  in  their 
hatred ;  and  their  individuality,  strongly  marked,  forms  a 
perfect  contrast  to  the  insignificant,  tedious,  monotonous 


puppets  which  we  see  crowding  the  saloons  of  Versailles 
after  the  majority  of  the  king.  Amongst  the  striking 
personages  of  the  Fronde  period.  Cardinal  de  Retz  is  un- 
doubtedly the  most  prominent :  unprincipled,  loving  in- 
trigue for  intrigue's  sake,  rather  than  for  the  results  that 
might  accrue  to  him  from  it,  gifted  with  abilities  of  the 
highest  order,  he  is  as  it  were  the  hero  of  the  civil  war,  ^ 
the  star  of  the  barricades ;  and  his  ecclesiastical  costume, 
either  in  the  galleries  of  the  Palais  Royal  or  the  streets 
of  Paris,  is  a  kind  of  rallying-point  around  which  gather 
together  all  Mazarine's  enemies,  whether  they  belong  to 
the  aristocracy  or  to  the  more  patriotic  parliamentarians. 
The  memoirs  of  Cardinal  de  Retz  are  remarkable  for  a 
variety  of  qualities  which  are  seldom  found  combined 
together,  and  which  have  secured  to  them  a  conspicuous 
position  amongst  the  masterpieces  of  French  literature. 
In  the  first  place  the  Cardinal  is  generally  verj'  impar- 
tial. Mazarine  is  the  only  person  whom  he  uniformly 
depreciates ;  Conde,  MoM,  the  men  who  were  most  op- 
posed to  him,  are  judged  with  great  fairness  in  the  me- 
moirs, and  their  undoubted  qualities  put  in  their  true 
light.  This  sense  of  justice  forms  so  striking  an  excep- 
tion to  the  common  tone  of  memoir  writers  that  it  should 
be  specially  noticed  here.  It  resulted,  we  believe,  from 
another  merit  to  which  Cardinal  de  Retz  might  justly 
lay  claim,  namely,  the  consummate  skill  with  which  he 
unravelled  and  explained  the  most  difficult  affairs,  the 
thorough  acquaintance  he  possessed  of  the  various  co- 
teries, their  origin  and  their  motives,  the  clear  insight 
he  had  into  the  defects  of  the  government  at  the  time 
when  he  was  called  upon  to  plaj'^  so  brilliant  a  part  as  a 
political  leader.  We  have  already  alluded  to  De  Retz's 
merits  as  a  writer ;  they  are  of  no  common  order.  His 
stj'le  is  not  that  harmonious,  limpid,  but  too  polished  one 
which  we  find  in  Racine,  Massillon,  and  F^nelon;  it  is  the 
picturesque  idiom  handled  bj'  La  Rochefoucauld,  Molifere, 
and  Pascal,  full  of  originality  and  of  real  strength. 

The  memoirs  of  the  Cardinal  de  Retz  begin  with  the 
year  1628  and  end  in  1655 ;  that  is  to  say  twenty-four 
years  before  the  prelate's  death.  Of  this  epoch  the  pre- 
sent editor  truly  remarks:  "C'est  I'^poque  la  moins 
connue  de  I'existence  du  Cardinal,  et  elle  n'est  point  pour 
lui  privee  d'interet  ni  d'honneur.  II  eut  toute  la  confi- 
ance  de  Louis  XIV.,  et,  dans  trois  missions  successives  h 
Rome,  il  fit,  dans  trois  conclaves,  trois  Papes  selon  les 
voeux  du  grand  Roi."  To  supply  the  blank  thus  left  by 
the  Cardinal  himself,  M.  Champollion-Figeac  has  com- 
piled from  various  official  sources  a  kind  of  supplemental 
notice,  which  completes  the  biography  of  the  great  Fron- 
deur.  The  other  important  features  of  this  new  and 
excellent  edition  are  the  following :  1°.  Critical  opinions 
borrowed  from  the  writings  of  Saint  Evremond,  La  Roche- 
foucauld, Tallemant  des  Re'aux,  and  other  authors.  2'>.  A 
bibliographical  list  of  various  editions.  3".  Copious  notes ; 
and  4°.  An  alphabetical  index.  The  printing,  paper,  and 
other  material  arrangements  are  unexceptionable. 

II.  Memoires  du  C/ievalier  de  Grammont,  d'apres  les 
meilleures  E'ditions  Anglaises,  accompagnSs  d'uti  Appendice 
contenant  des  Extraits  du  Journal  de  Samuel  Pepys  et  de 
celui  de  John  Evelyn  sur  les  Faits  et  Personnages  des  Mi- 
moires  de  Grammont,  des  Depeches  du  Comte  de  Comminges, 
Ambassadeur  Frangais  a  Londres,  d^une  Inti-oduction,  de 
Commmtaires,  de  Notes  et  d'un  Index,  par  M.  G.  Brunet. 
12". 

The  memoirs  of  Grammont  are  not,  like  those  of  the 
Cardinal  de  Retz,  important  in  a  political  point  of  view ; 
but  as  a  description  of  society  during  the  seventeenth 
centurv  thev  are  full  of  very  curious,  though  not  always 
very  edifying,  details.  At  the  time  when  Hamilton 
wrote  this  amusing  book,  the  connexion  between  France 
and  England  was  almost  closer  than  it  is  now.    The  re- 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"^  S.  VIII.  Aug.  20.  'o&. 


volution,  which  terminated  with  tlie  death  of  Charles  I., 
had  obliged  many  Englishmen  to  seek  an  asj'lum  on  the 
other  side  of  the  Channel;  these  refugees  had  subse- 
quently taken  back  with  them  the  habits,  the  frivolous 
tastes,  and  the  literature  of  their  new  friends ;  the  policy 
of  Charles  II.  was  identified  with  that  of  Louis  XIV.,  and 
the  court  of*  London  aimed  at  being  as  near  as  possible 
an  imitation  of  that  of  Versailles.  Hence  it  is  that  Gram- 
mont's  memoirs,  though  originallj'  written  in  French,  are 
considered  by  many  almost  as  an  English  book ;  for  they 
contain  a  description  of  English  life  and  London  society, 
and  we  find  there  the  adventures  of  those  fair  ladies  who 
still  stare  at  us  in  the  apartments  of  Hampton  Court 
from  the  canvass  of  Sir  Peter  Lely.  We  need  not  there- 
fore dwell  at  any  length  on  the  merits  of  the  present  edi- 
tion, except  just  for  the  purpose  of  stating  that,  like  the 
other  work  noticed  above,  it  is  got  up  in  the  most  scholarly 
manner. 

III.  Correspondance  de  Roger  de  Rabutin,  Comte  de  Bussy, 
avec  sa  Famille  et  ses  Amis  (1679 — 1686),  nouvelle  E'dition 
revue  sur  les  Manuscrits  et  augmentee  d'un  tres  grand  Nom- 
bre  de  Lettres  inidites,  avec  wie  Preface,  des  Notes  et  des 
Tables,  par  Ludovic  Lalanne.     12".  vol.  5. 

This  is  not  the  first  time  that  we  meet  with  the  name 
of  Bussy  Rabutin.  We  have  already  noticed  M.  Lalanne's 
edition  of  his  correspondence.  The  fifth  volume,  recently 
published,  contains  586  letters  from  the  pen  either  of  Ra- 
butin himself  or  of  some  of  his  very  numerous  friends.  A 
great  many  of  these  documents  relate  to  important  events 
in  the  reign  of  Louis  XIV.  Thus  the  mysterious  poison- 
ings with  which  the  Duchesse  de  Bouillon,  the  Countess 
of  Soissons,  and  other  high  personages  were  connected, 
are  discussed,  and  difierent  incidents  relating  to  the  trial 
form  the  topic  of  three  or  four  letters.  Madame  de  Bouil- 
lon's character  was  one  which  might  well  give  rise  to 
suspicions  against  her ;  but  she  made  up  by  her  wit  what 
she  wanted  in  principle,  and  one  of  Bussy's  correspond- 
ents. La  Rivifere,  alluding  to  the  manner  in  which  she 
had  undergone  her  examination,  says,  "Je  trouve  que 
Madame  de  Bouillon  a  soutenu  son  interrogatoire  comme 
une  grande  dame  innocente  et  spirituelle."  This  reminds 
us  of  the  following  passage  in  Voltaire's  Siecle  de  Louis 
XIV. :  "  La  Reynie,  I'un  des  presidents  de  la  chambre 
ardente,  fut  assez  malavis^  pour  demander  h,  la  Duchesse 
de  Bouillon  si  elle  avoit  vu  le  diable.  Elle  repondit 
qn'elle  le  voyoit  en  ce  moment,  qu'il  etoit  fort  laid  et  fort 
vilain  et  qu'il  ^toit  d^guise  en  conseiller  d'etat." 

Bussy's  correspondence,  however,  in  this  as  well  as  in 
the  preceding  volumes,  is  chiefly  full  of  complaints  about 
his  disgrace,  and  of  expostulations  which  are  neither  dig- 
nified nor  always  correct.  He  had  been,  it  is  true,  ba- 
nished from  court ;  but  his  sarcastic  disposition  was  the 
cause  of  this.  He  could  not  resist  the  temptation  of  say- 
ing a  sharp  or  biting  word ;  and  it  is  not  likely  that  a 
monarch  such  as  Louis  XIV.  would  allow  to  pass  unno- 
ticed and  unpunished  remarks  which  were  often  directed 
against  the  most  influential  persons  of  the  court.  It  is 
rather  singular  that  Bussy  had  sent  to  the  King  the  MS. 
of  his  memoirs  and  of  his  correspondence;  he  hoped 
they  would  be  placed  before  him,  and  we  find  him  con- 
stantly inquiring,  "  si  le  roi  est  content  des  manuscrits 
que  vous  avez  pr^sent^s  de  ma  part  h.  Sa  Majesty,  et  si 
elle  souhaite  que  je  lui  en  envoie  la  suite."  Now,  it  is 
after  having  read  these  MSS.  that  the  King  said  one  day 
to  Father  La  Chaise,  who  was  speaking  on  behalf  of 
Bussy  Rabutin,  "  Savez  vous  bien  qu'il  n'a  fait  toute  sa 
vie  que  d&hirer  tout  le  monde."  In  fact,  the  very  me- 
moirs which  Bussy  thought  so  admirably  calculated  to 
obtain  for  him  the  favour  he  had  lost  were  full  of  the 
bitterest  satire,  and  the  President  Briilart,  to  whom  he 
lent  them,  had  felt  it  his  duty  to  give  him  a  hint  in  the 


following  gentle  manner :  "  Je  sais  bien que  la 

verity  ne  connoit  personne ;  mais  vous  vivez,  monsieur,  et 
vous  avez  une  famille  qui  a  et  aura  besoin  d'amis,  et  nous 
ne^  sommes  plus  au  temps  des  philosophes.  Je  consens 
meme  a  de  plus  fortes  verites  que  celles  que  vous  avez 
ecrites,  pourvu  qu'elles  ne  voient  k  jour  que  cinquante  ans 
apres  que  vous  ne  le  verrez  plus." 

With  so  honest  a  declaration  before  his  eyes,  if  Bussy 
Rabutin  could  still  believe  in  the  propitiatory  qualities  of 
his  memoirs,  we  have  only  to  say  that  he  had  absolutely 
lost  all  sense  of  what  an  ill-timed  joke  really  is.  At  all 
events  he  was  made  to  suffer  for  it.      Gustaye  Masson. 

Harrow-on-the-Hill. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO  FURCHASB. 

Particulara  of  Price,  &e.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Gav's  Poems.   3  Vols.    1773.    London:  or  the  Supplemental  Volume 

separately. 
De  Lolme  ox  tbe  CoMsTimiox.    2nd  Edition,  dated  between  1775  and 
1781. 

Wanted  by  William  J.  Thorns,  Esq.,  40.  St.  George's  Square, 
Belgraye  Road,  S.  W. 


Mcjrbat's  Hand-book  op  Tuhkbi-  and  Asia  Minor. 

Wanted  by  Hatchard  ^  Co.,  187.  Piccadilly. 


Tindai.e's  Testament,  by  Tille.    4to. 

Testament  (Latin  and  English),  by  Redman.    4tO.    1538. 

Authorised  Version,  by  Young.    8vo.  Edinb.  1633. 

Authorised  Version.   Fol.    1811. 

Cranmer's  Version.   4to.    1550,  and  any  Folios,  1539,  1540, 


1541. 

Bibles,  Printed  by  Fry  or  Moore  about  1770  to  1780. 
Life  of  Sib  John  Barnard. 

Common  Prater,  1559.    Folio,  and  any  early  editions. 
Tomson's  Testament,  1676,  and  any  other  Bibles  and  Testaments. 

Wanted  by  Francis  Pry,  Cotham,  Bristol. 

Robert  Nelson's  Works  Epitomized.    2  Vols.  r2mo.    1715. 

Christian  Sacrifice.    The  17th  and  18th  editions. 
Practice   op   True    Detotion.    Any  edition  before 

Instructions   for  them  that  come  to  be  confirmed 

Question  and  Answer.    Any  edition  before  1712. 

Earnest  Exhortation  to  Housebeeprrs   to  set  up 


THE  Worship  of  God  in  their  Families.    The  Ist  edition  (the  2nd 
was  in  1702). 

Whole   Duty  of  a  Christian,  by  way  op  Question 


AND  Answer;  exactly  pursuant  to  the  Method  of  the  Whole  Duty  of 
Man.    1st  edition.    1704. 
Puttick  and  Simpson's  Catalogue    op   the  Collection   op  the  Aoto- 
GRAPH  Letters  and  Historical  MSS.  formed  by  the  late  Francis 
Moors,  Esq.    On  fine  paper,  24  plates.    1856. 

Wanted  by  Rev.  C.  F.  Secretan,  10.  Besborough  Gardens,  Westminster. 


Among  other  Papers  of  interest  which  will  apijear  shortly,  we  may 
mention  Dr.  Rimhaiilt  on  Bartholomew  Fair;  Mr.  Yeoiocll  on  "Molly 
Mogi "  a  continuation  of  the  Journal  of  the  Siege  of  Quebec;  conclusion 
of  the  Stray  Notes  on  Edmund  Curll ;  De  Lolme  and  his  Essay  on  the 
Constitution,  &c. 

A  Devonian  vnU,  ive  believe,  get  any  strap  nwnlers  o/London  Labour 
and  London  Poor,  and  the  infoi-mation  which  he  luants,  on  application  to 
Mr.  Kewbold,  1.  llohjwell Street,  Strand. 

T.  C.  Surely  the  lines  quoted  by  Richardson  shoiv  our  correspondent 
that  he  is  wrong  — 

"  View  all  the  canine  kind  with  equal  eyes, 
I  dread  no  mastitf,  and  no  cur  despise." 

Joseph.    The  copper  coin  is  simply  a  common  Irish  token. 
A7iswers  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

_  "Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
iisued  in  .Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  fur  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  iincludiTig  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  Ws.id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Beix  and  Daldy,136.  Fleet  Street,  E.C.i  to  whom 
allQmiiivmcKTiotii  for  the  Editor  ihould  be.  addressed. 


2»'»  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


161 


LONDON.  SATURDAY,  AUGUST  27.  1859. 


No.  191.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES !  — Gleanings  for  the  History  of  Bartholomew  Fair,  No.  2, 
by  Dr.  Rirabault,  161  —  General  Wolfe  at  Quebec,  by  J.  Noble,  163  — 
An  Irish  Junius,  by  S.  Kedmond,  166  — Probation  Lists  of  Merchant 
Taylors'  School,  ^fo.  2.,  by  C.  J.  Robinson,  167. 

Minor  Notbs:  — The  Skull  of  Robert  Bruce  — A  Curious  Advertise- 
ment, March,  1717  —  Books  burned  and  whipped  by  the  Hangman  — 
A  novel  Race  —  The  Handel  Centenaries,  167. 

QUERIES: —  The  Red  Ribbon  of  the  Order  of  the  Bath,  by  W.  J. 
rinks,  168. 

Minor  Qorries  :  —  Editha  Pope  —  Portrait  of  Archbishop  King  — Pro- 
vincial Words:  "Shim  "  —  Last  Wolf  in  Scotland — Bishop  Murphy's 
Irish  MSS.  — Dr.  Maginn  and  Mr.  Harrison  Ainsworth  —  J.  Ander- 
son—Journal  of  the  First  Earl  of  Bellomont  — Capt.  Cobb  and 
Lieut.-Col.  Fearon  —  Ballad  on  Sir  John  Eland,  of  Eland,  co.  York 
-Beer  and  its  Strength —  Thomason's  "  Memories  "  —  Innismurray— 
Winkley  Family— Dr.  Donne's  Seal  — the  Skeletons  at  Cuma  with 
Wax  Heads,  &c.  168. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers  :  —  Lady  Rous  —  Sing  si  diderum  — 
Sir  John  Dan  vers  —  Song  —  Blewman  —  Lady  Capel,  171. 

REPLIES:  -"  Molly  Mog,"  by  J.  Yeowell,  &c.,  172  —  1  John  v.  7., by 
T.  J.  Buckton,  175. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  ;  — C.  J.  Hare's  Orthographical  Peculiari- 
ties —  Torture  —  Blodins  —  Qnalitied  :  Fansens— "  Then  push  about 
the  flowing  bowl  "— St.  Dominic— John  Lord  Cutts- '"The  Young 
Travellers,  or  a  Visit  to  Oxford  "  —  Bacon  on  Conversation  —  Biblio- 
graphical Queries  —  Gauntlope  —  Etoccutum  —  Quotations  Wanted  — 
Memoirs  of  Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bart.,  M.P.,  &c.,  176. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


GLEANINGS    FOB    THE     HISTORY    OF   BARTHOLOMEW 
FAIR. 
NO.  II. 

In  glancing  over  Mr.  Mobley's  Memoirs  of 
the  Bartholomew  revels,  one  cannot  but  regret 
many  important  omissions.  If,  when  he  under- 
took the  history  of  the  Smithfield  saturnalia,  Mr. 
MoRLEY  thought  it  beneath  him  to  make  re- 
searches among  the  lives  and  chronicles  of  "rogues 
and  vagabonds,"  he  should  have  left  the  task  to 
other  hands. 

Among  the  books  which  Mr.  Morley  most 
certainly  ought  to  have  seen  are  the  two  fol- 
lowing, but  no  mention  of  them  is  to  be  found  in 
his  pages :  — 

1.  "  The  Wits,  or  Sport  upon  Sport :  being  a  curioas 
Collection  of  several  Drolls  and  Farces  acted  at  Bar- 
tholomew Fair.     8vo.     1660." 

2.  "  The  Stroller's  Pacquet  Open'd,  Containing  Seven 
Jovial  Drolls,  calculated  for  the  Meridian  of  Bartholomew 
and  Southwark  Fairs.    8vo.    1741." 

These  two  little  volumes  are  invaluable  to  the 
historian  of  the  fair ;  and  there  are  many  other 
works,  perhaps  equally  important,  unknown  or 
at  least  unmentioned  by  Mr.  Morley.  I  may 
name  at  once  — 

1.  "  Smithfield  Groans,  or  the  horrid  Wickedness  com- 
mitted and  connived  at  in  Bartholomew  Fair.  (In 
rhyme.)    4to.     1707." 

2.  «  Bart'lemy  Fair,  or  an  Enquiry  after  Wit.  8vo. 
1709." 

3.  "  The  Cloister,  a  Poem  on  Bartholomew  Fair.  12mo. 
1707." 

4.  "  Judith  and  Holofemes,  as  Acted  at  Bartholomew 
Fair.  To  be  sold  in  the  Booth  of  Lee  and  Harper,  &c. 
n.  d." 


5.  "  The  Suppression  of  Drolls  at  Bartholomew  Fair. 
(Contained  in  A  Pacquet  from  Will's.     8vo.    1701.)" 

&c. 

Having  in  my  first  paper  given  some  curious 
notices  of  actors  at  the  Fair,  I  shall  proceed  to 
name  a  few  of  the  dancers,  harlequins,  posture- 
masters,  &c.,  either  imperfectly  described  or 
omitted  in  Mr.  Morley's  volume. 

About  the  year  1689  a  Dutch  woman  made 
her  appearance  in  this  country  : 

"  And  when,"  says  Granger,  "  she  first  danced  and 
vaulted  upon  the  rope  in  London,  the  spectators  beheld 
her  with  pleasure  mixed  with  pain,  as  she  seemed  every 
moment  in  danger  of  breaking  her  neck." 

She  was  speedily  engaged  for  the  Fair,  and, 
as  one  of  the  hand- bills  has  it, — 

"  You  will  see  the  famous  Dutch  Woman's  side-capers, 
upright- capers,  cross-capers,  and  back-capers  on  the  tight 
rope.  She  walks  too  on  the  slack  rope,  which  no  woman 
but  herself  can  do." 

Gildon  says :  — 

"  Oh,  what  a  charming  sight  it  was  to  see  Madam 
what  d'j'e  call  her,  the  High  German  woman,  swim  it 
along  the  stage  between  her  two  gipsy  daughters ;  they 
skated  along  the  ice  so  cleverly,  you  might  have  sworn 
they  were  of  right  Dutch  extraction." 

This  was  the  Dutchwoman  whom  the  author 
of  the  London  Spy  saw  at  a  somewhat  later  date. 
Two  prints  of  her,  by  Lawson  and  Tempest,  are 
extant,  one  representing  her  dancing  on  a  strained 
rope,  the  other  vaulting  on  a  slack  rope. 

Another  of  Mb.  MorlSy's  omissions  is  Cad- 
man,  the  famous  "  flyer "  on  the  rope,  immor- 
talised by  Hogarth,  and  who  broke  his  neck 
descending  from  a  steeple  in  Shrewsbury.  He 
was  buried  in  the  churchyard  of  St.  Mary  Friars. 
The  following  homely  l^^es  on  a  little  tablet  let 
into  the  church  wall  over  his  grave  perpetuate 
the  event :  — 

"  Let  this  small  monument  record  the  name 
Of  Cadman,  and  to  future  times  proclaim 
How,  by  an  attempt  to  fly  from  this  high  spire. 
Across  the  Sabrine  stream,  he  did  acquire 
His  fatal  end.     'Twas  not  for  want  of  skill, 
Or  courage,  to  perform  the  task,  he  fell : 
rNo,  no, — a  fault}'  cord,  being  drawn  too  tight, 
•<  Hurried  his  soul  on  high  to  take  her  flight, 
(.Which  bid  the  body  here  beneath,  good  night." 

Poor  Cadman  was  a  constant  exhibiter  at  Bar- 
tholomew and  Southwark  Fairs  from  1720  to 
1740,  the  period  of  his  death.  I  have  several  of 
his  handbills,  but  they  are  too  long  for  quotation 
in  the  present  paper. 

Under  the  year  1688,  Mb.  Mobley  says :  — 

"  The  most  famous  of  the  Merry  Andrews  of  that  day 
was  William  Phillips,  of  whom  there  are  several  en- 
gravings. It  would  be  pleasant  if  we  could  identify  this 
jester  with  the  unknown  William  Phillips,  by  whom  a 
tragedy  was  written.  It  was  published  in  1698  as  '  The 
Eevengeful  Queen.' " 

Under  the  following  year,  after  attempting  to 


162 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59. 


identifjr  Phillips  as  the  hero  of  a  poem  of  Prior's, 
the  writer  goes  on  to  say  :  — 

"  If  Phillips  was  indeed  the  subject  of  the  whipping 
and  the  actor  of  the  jest  crystallized  by  Prior  into  coup- 
lets, it  is  not  difficult  to  believe  that  the  prince  of  the 
Merry  Andrews  may  have  been  the  man  who,  at  the 
same  period,  and  under  the  same  name,  by  which  no 
other  man  has  been  identified,  is  known  as  the  writer  of 
two  tragedies,  a  comedy,  and  the  Bartholomew  Fair 
farce  Britoiis  Strike  Home.  If  he  be  really  their  author, 
the  plays  probably  were  all  written  for  a  booth  to  which 
be  was  attached,  since  it  was  in  the  dramatic  companies 
that  Merry  Andrews  served." 

Now  for  all  this  there  is  not  the  slightest  foun- 
dation. Poor  Phillips,  the  Merry  Andrew,  was 
certainly  innocent  of  the  authorship  of  two  trage- 
dies, a  comedy,  and  a  farce !  Grander  tells  us,  no 
doubt  upon  good  authority,  that  this  Phillips  was 
"  some  time  fiddler  to  a  puppet-show,  in  which 
capacity  he  held  many  a  dialogue  with  Punch,  in 
much  the  same  strain  as  he  did  afterwards  with 
the  Mountebank  Doctor,  his  master,  on  the  stage." 
He  adds,  which  is  the  highest  praise  that  can  be 
awarded  to  the  subject  of  his  notice,  "  This  Zany 
being  regularly  educated,  had  confessedly  the  ad- 
vantage of  his  brethren." 

William  Phillips,  the  author  of  the  Revengeful 
Queen  (a  tragedy  founded  upon  a  passage  in 
Macbiavel's  History  of  Florence),  and  perhaps  of 
several  other  plays,  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and 
for  some  years  attached  to  the  Customs  in  Dublin. 
He  was  a  scholar,  at  least,  if  not  a  successful 
dramatist.  He  died  Dec.  12,  1732.  A  glance  at 
the  plays  attributed  to  him  will  convince  the 
most  sceptical  that  they  are  bona  fide  plays, 
written  for  a  regular  theatre,  and  not  drolls 
acted  in  a  booth. 

As  regards  the  farce  J^ritons  Strike  Home,  Me. 
MoRLEY  is  more  correct.  It  certainly  was  written 
for  the  Fair,  but  unfortunately  not  by  William 
Phillips,  but  by  Edward  Philips,  whose  name  is 
printed  in  full  in  the  title-page  to  Watts's  edition 
of  1739. 

It  is  worth  knowing  that  Kitty  Clive  was  an 
actress  in  the  Fair,  and  played  in  this  very  farce : 

"  At  the  Booth  of  Fawkes  Pinchbeck,  &c.  will  be  per- 
formed Britons  Strike  Home;  Don  Superbo  Hispaniola 
Pistole  by  Mr.  Cibber  [Theophilus] ;  Donna  Americana 
by  Mrs.  Clive,  the  favourite  of  the  town !  " 

Concerning  Harlequin  Phillips,  of  whom  Mr. 
MoRLEY  merely  quotes  a  bill,  a  few  words  ought 
to  have  been  said.  Gilliland  tells  us,  "  he  was 
originally  in  the  company  of  a  Mrs.  Lee,  who  fre- 
quented Bartholomew  and  Southwai'k  Fairs." 
Chetwood  informs  us  that  "  he  was  a  pupil  of  the 
stupendous  Mr.  Fawkes,  and  out-did  his  master 
in  naany  tricks."  He  was  the  projector  of  the 
Capel  Street  Theatre  in  Dublin,  and  afterwards 
became  the  celebrated  harlequin  at  Drury  Lane 
Theatre  when  under  the  management  of  Fleet- 

WO'.d. 


There  are  scores  of  Bartholomew  celebrities 
whose  names  we  vainly  look  for  in  Mr.  Morley's 
volume  —  actors,  mummers,  tumblers,  conjurors, 
and  exhibitors  of  various  grades.  Where  is  Hans 
Buling  and  his  "  famous  monkey  "  ?  —  William 
Joy  "  the  English  Sampson"?  —  Francis  Battalia 
"  the  Stone  Eater  "  ?  —  Topham  "  the  Strong 
Man"?— Hale  "  the  Piper  "  ?  — "  The  Auctioneer 
of  Moorfields  "  who  regularly,  for  a  series  of  years, 
transferred  his  book-stall  to  Sinithfield-Rounds  ? 
—  James  Spiller,  the  original  Mat  o'  the  Mint  of 
the  Beggar's  Opera,  at  one  time  the  "  glory  of 
the  Fair  "  ?  —  Higman  Palatine,  and  Breslau, 
"  the  surprising  Juglers,"  &c.  &c.  ad  infinitum. 

Of  the  latter  a  capital  joke  is  told.  Being-  at 
Canterbury  with  his  troop,  he  met  with  such  bad 
success  that  they  were  almost  starved.  He  re- 
paired to  the  churchwardens,  and  promised  to 
give  the  profits  of  a  night's  conjuration  to  the 
poor,  if  the  parish  would  pay  for  hiring  a  room, 
&c.  The  charitable  bait  took,  the  benefit  proved 
a  bumper,  and  next  morning  the  churchwardens 
waited  upon  the  wizard  to  touch  the  receipts. 
"  I  have  already  disposed  of  dem,"  said  Breslau  ; 
"  de  profits  were  for  de  poor.  I  have  kept  my 
promise,  and  given  de  money  to  my  own  people, 
who  are  de  poorest  in  dis  parish  !  "  "  Sir !  "  ex- 
claimed the  churchwardens,  "  this  is  a  trick." — "  I 
know  it,"  replied  the  conjuror,  — "I  live  by  my 
tricks!" 

But  what  shall  we  say  to  Mr.  Morley's  omis- 
sion of  all  mention  of  Punchinello,  that  most  im- 
portant feature  of  the  Smithfield  revels  ?  — 
"  'Twas  then,  when  August  near  was  spent, 
That  Bat,  the  grilliado'd  saint. 
Had  usher'd  in  his  Smithfield  revels, 
Where  Punchinelloes,  popes  and  devils 
Are  by  authority  allowed. 
To  please  the  giddy,  gaping  crowd." 

Hudibras  Eedivivus,  1707. 

Powell  too,  the  "  Puppet-show  man,"  was  a 
great  card  at  the  Fair,  especially  when  his  pup- 
pets played  such  incomparable  dramas  as  Whit- 
tington  and  his  Cat,  The  Children  in  the  Wood, 
Dr.  Faustus,  Friar  Bacon,  Robin  Hood  and 
Little  John,  Mother  Shipton,  "together  with 
the  pleasant  and  comical  humours  of  Valentini, 
Nicoliui,  and  the  tuneful  warbling  pig  of  Italian 
race."  No  wonder  that  such  attractions  thinned 
the  theatres,  and  kept  the  churches  empty. 

Steele  makes  mention  of  "Powell's  books." 
If  they  were  books  of  his  performances,  what  a 
treasure  they  would  be  in  our  day  !  A  representa- 
tion of  his  puppet  show  is  given  as  the  frontispiece 
to  A  Second  Tale  of  a  Tub,  1715,  which  would 
have  afforded  Mr.  Morley  a  legitimate  illustra- 
tion for  his  Memoirs.  This  would  have  been  far 
better  than  the  portrait  of  Jacob  Hall,  which  is 
well  known  to  be  "  efiigies  "  of  somebody  else. 

After  thus  briefly  pointing  out  a  few  of  Mr. 
Morley's  shortcomings,   I    shall  conclude  (for 


2°*  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


163 


the  present)  with  some  notice  of  a  celebrity,  the 
omission  of  whose  name  in  Mr.  Morlet's  Memoirs 
is  a  blemish  not  easily  effaced, — I  mean  the  great 
Egyptian  explorer  Giovanni  Battista  Belzoni. 
First  a  barber,  next  a  Capuchin  monk,  then  a 
student  in  hydraulic  science,  this  extraordinary 
man  was  afterwards  compelled  to  earn  his  liveli- 
hood as  a  posture-master  and  "  strong-man  "  ! 
Arriving  in  London  in  the  year  1803,  he  walked 
into  Smithfield  during  Bartholomew  Fair  time, 
where  he  was  noticed  by  the  master  of  a  show, 
who,  it  is  said,  thus  questioned  his  Merry  Andrew : 
—  "  Do  you  see  that  tall  looking  fellow  in  the 
midst  of  the  crowd  ?  he  is  looking  about  him  over 
the  heads  of  the  people  as  if  he  walked  upon  stilts ; 
go  and  see  if  he  is  worth  our  money,  and  ask  him 
if  he  wants  a  job."  Away  scrambled  Mr.  Merry- 
man  down  the  monkey's  post,  and,  "  as  quick  as 
lightning,"  conducted  the  stranger  to  his  master, 
who  being  satisfied  of  his  personal  attractions, 
immediately  engaged,  plumed,  painted,  and  put 
him  up. 

The  late  J.  T.  Smith,  in  his  Book  for  a  Rainy 
Day  —  a  charming  bit  of  gossip — gives  us  an  in- 
teresting account  of  his  visit,  in  company  with  a 
friend,  to  Bartholomew  Fair  in  1803.  After  men- 
tioning several  subjects  of  interest,  he  goes  on  to 
say :  — 

".The  next  object  which  attracted  our  notice  was  a 
magnificent  man,  standing,  as  we  were  told,  six  feet  six 
inches  and  a  half,  independent  of  the  heels  of  his  shoes. 
The  gorgeous  splendour  of  his  Oriental  dress  was  ren- 
dered more  conspicuous  by  an  immense  plume  of  white 
feathers,  which  were  like  the  noddings  of  an  under- 
taker's horse,  increased  in  their  wavy  and  graceful  mo- 
tion by  the  movements  of  the  weai'er's  head. 

"As  this  extraordinary  man  was  to  perform  some 
wonderful  feats  of  strength,  we  joined  the  motley  throng 
of  spectators,  at  the  charge  of  '  only  threepence  each,' 
that  being  vociferated  by  Flockton's  successor  as  the 
price  of  the  evening  admittance. 

"  After  he  had  gone  through  his  various  exhibitions 
of  holding  great  weights  at  arm's  length,  &c.,  the  all-be- 
spangled master  of  the  show  stepped  forward,  and  stated 
to  the  audience  that  if  any  four  or  five  of  the  present 
company  would  give,  byway  of  encouraging  the  '  Young 
Hercules,'  alias  '  the  Patagonian  Sampson,'  sixpence  a- 
piece,  he  would  carry  them  altogether  round  the  booth, 
in  the  form  of  a  pyramid. 

"  With  this  proposition  my  companion  and  myself 
closed;  and  after  two  other  persons  had  advanced,  the 
fine  fellow  threw  ofi"  his  velvet  cap  surmounted  by  its 
princely  crest,  stripped  himself  of  his  other  gew-gaws, 
and  walked  most  majestically,  in  a  flesh-coloured  elastic 
dress,  to  the  centre  of  the  amphitheatre,  when  four  chairs 
were  placed  round  him,  by  which  my  friend  and  I  as- 
cended, and  after  throwing  our  legs  across  his  lusty 
shoulders,  were  further  requested  to  embrace  each  other, 
which  we  no  sooner  did,  cheek  by  jole,  than  a  tall  skele- 
ton of  a  man,  instead  of  standing  upon  a  small  wooden 
ledge  fastened  to  Sampson's  girdle,  in  an  instant  leaped 
on  his  back,  with  the  agility  of  a  boy  who  pitches  him- 
self upon  a  post  too  high  to  clear,  and  threw  a  leg  over 
each  of  our  shoulders ;  as  for  the  other  chap  (for  we  could 
only  muster  four),  the  Patagonian  took  him  up  in  his 
arms.  Then,  after  itir.  iJ/enymaw  had  removed  the  chairs, 


as  he  had  not  his  full  complement,  Sampson  performed 
his  task  with  an  ease  of  step  most  stately,  without  either 
the  beat  of  a  drum,  or  the  waving  of  a  flag. 

«  I  have  often  thought  that  if  George  Cruikshank,  or 
my  older  friend  Kowlandson,  had  been  present  at  this 
scene  of  a  pyramid  burlesqued,  their  playful  pencils 
would  have  been  in  running  motion,  and  I  should  have 
been  considerably  out-distanced  had  I  then  off'ered  the 
following  additional  description  of  our  clustered  appear- 
ance. Picture  to  yourself,  reader,  two  cheesemonger, 
ruddy  looking  men,  like  my  friend  and  myself,  as  the 
sidesmen  of  Hercules,  and  the  tall,  vegetable-eating, 
scare-crow  kind  of  fellow,  who  made  but  one  leap  to 
grasp  us  like  the  bird-killing  spider,  and  then  our  fourth 
loving  associate,  the  heavy  dumpling  in  front,  whoea 
chops,  I  will  answer  for  it,  relished  many  an  inch-thick 
steak  from  the  once  far-famed  Honey-lane  Market,  all 
supported  with  the  greatest  ease  by  this  envied  and 
caressed  Fride  of  the  Fair,  to  whose  powers  the  fre- 
quenters of  Sadler's  Wells  also  bore  many  a  testimony." 

In  a  note  the  author  adds  :  — 

"  In  the  year  1804,  Antonio  Benedictus  Van  Assen 
engraved  a  whole-length  portrait  of  this  Patagonian 
Sampson,  at  the  foot  of  which  his  name  was  thus  an- 
nounced, '  Giovanni  Baptista  Belzoni.''  This  animated 
production  was  executed  at  the  expense  of  the  friendly 
Mr.  James  Parry,  the  justly  celebrated  gem  and  seal 
engraver,  of  Wells  Street,  Oxford  Street. 

"  After  the  close  of  Bartholomew  Fair,  this  Patagonian 
was  seen  at  that  of  Edmonton,  exhibiting  in  a  field  be- 
hind the  Bell  Inn,  immortalised  by  Cowper  in  his 
•  Johnny  Gilpin ; '  and  I  have  been  assured  that  so  late 
as  1810,  at  Edinburgh,  he  was  during  his  exhibition  in 
Valentine  and  Orson,  soundly  hissed  for  not  handling 
his  friend,  the  bear,  at  the  time  of  her  death,  in  an  affec- 
tionate manner." 

Years  rolled  on,  and  the  mountebank  was  for- 
gotten. In  1820  a  deep  feeling  of  interest  was 
created  for  a  renowned  Egyptian  traveller,  and 
then  many  persons  recognised  in  Giovanni  Bat- 
tista Belzoni  the  poor  Italian  who  made  his  first 
appearance  in  England  at  a  booth  in  Bartholo- 
mew Fair  !  Edward  F.  Rimbaclt. 


GENERAL  WOLFE  AT  QUEBEC. 

{Continued  from  2"^  S.  vii.  390.) 

The  continuation  of  the  Officer's  "  Journal  of 
Transactions  during  the  Siege  of  Quebec  "  would 
have  appeared  sooner,  but  for  the  MS.  having 
been  mislaid.  With  permission  of  the  editor,  it 
will  be  completed  shortly  in  the  columns  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  To  those  readers  of  this  periodical  who  have 
written  to  me  requesting  me  to  proceed  with  the 
publication,  the  above  cause  of  delay  will  be  suffi- 
cient apology  for  not  replying  to  their  communi- 
cations. 

I  beg  to  acknowledge  the  kindness  of  G.  Gal- 
loway, Esq.,  Inverness,  in  allowing  me  the  use  of 
the  MS.  to  copy  for  publication.  J.  N. 

"  July  19th,  1759.  At  10  o'clock  last  night  the  General 
came  to  our  cantonments  in  order  to  see  the  shipping 
pass  the  to-svn ;  at  10  o'clock  the  Sunderland  and  Squir- 


lU 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»*  8.  Vm.  Adg.  27. '59. 


rell  men-of-war  with  two  transports  passed  the  batterj'S ; 
31  shott  fired  at  them,  none  of  which  touched. 

"  Marched  to  escort  the  General,  who  went  on  board 
the  Sunderland  in  a  whaleboat ;  at  3  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing Captain  Garden  and  Eraser's  compannys  with  some 
Kangers  marched  to  a  settlement  about  7  miles  up  the 
river  above  the  town,  to  endeavour  to  take  prisoners. 
We  crossed  a  river  near  it  with  not  the  proper  precau- 
tion ;  discovered  two  or  three  straggling  fellows  who  got 
off;  it  seemed  by  the  fires  in  the  houses  they  had  been 
inhabited  lately.  Found  a  note  on  the  door  of  a  house 
begging  that  we  should  not  sett  it  on  fire.  Returned  to 
our  cantonments  by  10  o'clock  at  night,  and  on  our  arrival 
marched  with  the  General  4  miles  back ;  the  same  com- 
niinication  we  came  by,  where  we  remained  all  night. 
About  1 1  o'clock  the  enemy  sett  up  the  Indian  hoop,  and 
fired  small  arms;  most  probably  occasioned  to  a  small 
alarm. 

"  20th.  Last  night  the  General  went  on  board  the  Sun- 
derland ;  at  eight  o'clock  this  morning  marched  to  our 
cantonments ;  on  our  way  we  took  a  Canadian  and  his 
boy  about  12  years  old  prisoners ;  one  of  our  men  fired  at 
him,  and  notwithstanding  his  seeing  it  impossible  to  es- 
cape, being  surrounded  by  100  men,  he  returned  the  fire, 
and  killed  the  soldier,  a  Highlander  belonging  to  Capt. 
Fraser's  company.  It  was  with  great  difficulty  his  life  was 
suffered  from  the  fury  of  the  men  who  were  exasperated 
at  the  scoundrel's  action.  He  seemed  to  know  little  ex- 
cepting the  haunts  of  the  straggling  inhabitants. 

"20th.  This  evening  an  intelligent  deserter  from  the 
enemy  confirms  that  the  13th  curt.  1500  men  having 
crossed  the  river  in  order  to  attack  our  battery  and  post, 
but  on  landing  a  false  alarm  made  them  fire  on  each 
other ;  two  Canadians  were  killed,  the  Indians  fled  then, 
and  the  detachment  returned  without  presuming  to  look 
at  one  of  our  sentinels. 

"21st.  Rainy  weather;  marched  to  escort  Admiral 
Holmes  to  Capt.  Goram's  post,  being  2  miles  from  our 
post.  He  greatly  difficulted  how  to  get  on  board  the 
shipping  as  they  lay  6  miles  above  Goram's. 

"  Arrived  the  General  from  on  board  the  Sundei'land, 
who  informed  us  he  had  ordered  Colonel  Carleton  to  land 
at  Point  au  Tramble  with  Amherst's  and  Fraser's  Grena- 
diers, and  a  small  detachment  of  the  3rd  B.  of  R.  Ameri- 
cans, which  order  was  put  in  execution  at  daybreak  in 
the  morning  of  the  22nd.  They  were  opposed  by  some 
Canadians  and  Indians,  who  gave  way  soon.  Fraser's 
Grenadiers  pursued  too  far,  killing  two  Indians,  and  ob- 
liging the  remainder  to  flj',  leaving  everything  behind. 
Major  Prevost,  L"  M<'Doawel,  and  one  volunteer  wounded, 
with  14  men  killed. 

"  Made  a  Jesuit,  a  militia  officer,  and  some  peasants, 
with  150  ladys  prisoners.  Among  which  is  the  Mar- 
quis de  Beauport.  Remained  at  Goram's  post  this 
night. 

"  Two  soldiers  of  Capt.  Simon  Fraser's  Coy.  wounded  by 
a  pistol  accidentally  firing. 

"  22nd,  Marched  from  Goram's  post  as  an  escort  to  the 
General;  on  our  return  to  our  cantonments  received 
orders  of  marching.  At  night  the  town  much  bombarded, 
set  on  fire,  and  burnt  the  most  of  the  night.  The  enemy 
fired  during  the  night  a  good  many  shot  and  shell ;  two 
ships,  endevouring  to  pass  the  batterys  sustained  most  of 
the  fire,  was  obliged  to  set  back  with  contrary  winds, 
without  which  they  could  pass. 

"  The  ladj-s  taken  yesterday  returned  this  day ;  Capt. 
Smith,  Aide  de  Camp  to  Gen.  Wolfe,  not  politely  used  by 
the  French  in  town. 

"23rd.  Remained  in  our  cantonments  all  day  under 
orders  for  marching ;  detained  for  want  of  a  guide.  At  1 
o'clock  this  night  marched  the  whole  detachment  of 
Light  Infantry,  with  30  Rangers,  under  the  command  of 


Major  Dalling.    At  the  time  of  our  departure  the  town 
sett  on  fire,  and  burnt  most  of  the  night. 

"  25th.  Arrived  this  morning  on  the  lower  settlements 
of  the  north  side,  the  River  en  Chemin,  Capt.  Fraser's 
Co.  having  the  van.  Seized  about  300,  including  men, 
women  and  children,  150  head  of  cattle,  some  horses,  and 
several  sheep.  When  we  came  near  camp  the  above 
forage  was  forwarded  with  Capt.  Delaune's  Company,  as 
also  the  prisoners. 

"  Major  Dalling  marched  to  Capt.  Goram's  house, 
where  the  detachment  took  post  till  further  orders. 

"  26.  Marched  from  last  night's  post  to  our  canton- 
ments, where  we  were  informed  of  Capt.  Delaune's  send- 
ing last  night  a  corporal  and  six  men  with  orders  to 
Major  Dalling,  who  were  attacked  on  the  communication 
by  twenty  Canadians  (as  the  corporal  said).  One  Rigbj-, 
our  surgeon's  mate,  who  accompanied  the  corporal's  party 
was  kill'd  with  2  men,  3  taken  prisoners,  only  one  es- 
caped with  the  corporal,  who  confirmed  the  above,  as 
also  that  on  returning  the  corporal  killed  one  of  the  Ca- 
nadians. 

"  Three  of  the  prisoners  escaped  from  Capt.  Delaune's 
Co.  of  those  taken  and  sent  to  camp,  recommended  to  the 
particular  case  of  the  captain, 

"  The  evening  of  the  24th  curt.  Colonel  Fraser  set  out 
with  300  men  of  his  regt.  to  take  prisoners,  and  bring 
in  cattle;  as  they  were  marching  some  miles  east  of 
Beaumont,  they  were  fired  on  by  one  man  onl}'  (as  is 
said)  which  wounded  the  Colonel  in  the  thigh,  and  broke 
Capt.  McPherson's  arm. 

"After  arriving  in  camp  we  learnt  that  the  Colonel's 
van  guard  was  fired  on  before  day,  who,  according  to  or- 
ders, retired  into  the  wood,  and  he  stepping  to  some  small 
eminence  to  give  directions  to  a  part  of  his  detachment 
to  move  on  in  a  manner  formerly  directed,  his  voice  mak- 
ing it  known  to  the  enemy  where  the  commanding  offi- 
cer stood,  three  of  them  directed  their  fire  up  the  way, 
which  wounded  the  Colonel  and  Capt.  McPherson  in  the 
right  thighs. 

"  27th.  Remained  in  cantonments  all  day ;  nothing 
done  in  camp.  In  the  night  the  enemy  set  down  one  fire 
raft  containing  one  hundred  stages,  lined  with  combusti- 
bles (did  no  harm). 

"  28th.  A  deserter  from  the  enemy  to  the  westward  of 
Montmorency ;  little  intelligence. 

"  Extreme  hot  weather ;  13  companys  under  orders  all 
day ;  it  was  supposed  they  were  to  cross  Montmorency 
Falls,  and  attack  a  redoubt ;  nothing  was  done.  Capt. 
Ross  and  Lt.  Nairn  of  Colonel  Eraser's  Regt.  fought  a 
duel  this  morning,  very  much  to  the  discredit  of  the 
former. 

"  30th.  Morning  Intelligence.  A  deserter  from  one  of  the 
grenadier  cos.  on  the  Island  of  Orleans  going  over  to  the 
enemy  is  the  reason  nothing  was  done  yesterday. 

"  30th.  A  landing  was  to  be  endeavoured  the  29th, 
consisting  of  two  regts.  from  Point  Levj',  and  13  cos. 
grenadiers  from  Orleans,  under  cover  of  the  fire  of  two 
frigates  running  on  shore  at  high  Avater,  which  time  of 
the  two  regts.  landing,  the  troops  on  the  north  shore 

were  to  cross  Montmorency  Falls, Webb's  regt.  to 

march  along  the  south  shore  the  length  of  Goram's,  and 
return  in  the  evening  to  their  former  post.  The  reason 
of  which  designing  to  draw  the  attention  to  the  quarter. 
Major  Dalling's  Light  Infantry  and  Rangers  to  remain  at 
their  posts.     Posted  this  night  by  the  battery  as  usual. 

"31st.  At  12  o'clock  this  day,  two  catts  with  6-poun- 
ders  (in  place  of  the  supposed  frigates)  ran  on  shore,  at 
which  time  the  troops  embarked  in  floats  and  in  boats; 
the  many  motions  made  by  them  gave  the  enemy  time 
to  assemble  there  in  force  where  an  attack  was  most  pro- 
bable. The  two  catts  and  the  battery  to  the  eastward 
of  Montmorency  continued  firing  till  about  five  o'clock 


2°'!  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


165 


evening,  when  the  13  cos.  Grenadiers  from  Orleans  and 
the  2  regts.  from  Point  Levy  landed  on  the  beach,  at 
■which  time  the  Montmorency  troops  crossed  below  the 
Falls,  it  being  low  water.  The  Grenadiers  formed,  and 
-marched  up  to  attack  the  intrenchment,  but  by  the 
steepness  of  a  hill  directly  above  them  it  was  found  im- 
practicable, sustained  a  heavy  fire  for  some  minutes  with- 
out their  firing  a  shot,  being  obliged  to  retire.  Amherst's 
and  the  Highlanders  covered  their  retreat,  which  was 
done  in  good  order,  and  without  confusion,  carrying  off 
the  wounded.  The  troops  to  the  eastward  of  Montmo- 
rency returned  to  their  camp  with  Eraser's  regt.,  the 
Grenadiers  to  Orleans,  and  Amherst's  to  Point  Levy.  As 
the  ships  could  not  be  got  off  there  was  a  necessity  of 
burning  them.    Killed,  38 ;  wounded,  62 ;  missing,  1. 

"  Faints  made.  Brigadier  Murray  commanded  Anstru- 
ther's  regt.  and  a  body  of  Light  Infantry,  with  orders  to 
move  on  as  if  intending  to  cross  above  the  aforesaid  Falls, 
and  if  possible  to  effect  it ;  and  Colonel  Burton  with 
Webb's  regt.  marched  along  the  southern  shore  in  order 
to  draw  the  attentioyi  of  the  enemy  their  way. 

"August  1st,  1759.  The  weather  continues  to  be  very 
hot ;  little  done ;  posted  in  a  picquetted  orchard. 

"  2nd.  Weather  as  yesterday.  By  this  day's  orders  it 
appears  that  the  General  is  not  very  well  satisfied  with 
the  manner  the  Granadiers  attacked,  as  they  went  on 
with  too  great  precipitation,  also  before  the  troops  from 
the  eastward  of  Montmorency  could  form  to  support 
them.  Advanced  in  so  great  a  hurry  that  it  was  impos- 
sible to  preserve  silence  or  method,  nor  pay  proper  re- 
gard to  the  directions  given  them  by  their  commanding 
officers,  which  is  the  very  essence  of  military  discipline. 
We  took  possession  of  a  redoubt  and  a  5  gun  battery  at 
the  foot  of  the  precipice,  but  was  obliged  to  abandon  it 
without  nailing  the  cannon. 

"  Some  imputes  this,  as  follows,  to  be  the  reason  of  the 
Granadiers'  mistake,  viz.  that  the  sailors  who  landed 
them  huzzaed  that  the  Granadiers  from  Orleans  and  Mont- 
morency had  joined.  And  that  a  certain  captain  ordered 
his  drummers  to  beat  the.  march  without  the  desire  of 
the  Commanding  Officer,  which  occasioned  the  miscar- 
riage of  the  daj'.  A  flag  of  truce  from  town  with  a  very 
antick  letter  from  the  French  governor  relating  the  pri- 
soners taken  at  Montmorency.  Also  a  very  intelligent 
deserter  from  the  enemy  to  the  westward  of  Montmo- 
rency. 

"  By  intelligence  from  Admiral  Holms,  a  large  body  of 
the  enemy  are  above  the  town,  and  is  supposed  means  to 
-cross.    This  night  posted  as  the  former. 

"3rd.  The  weather  continues  hot;  little  done;  re- 
mained at  our  post  this  night  in  order  to  march  in  the 
morning. 

"  4th.  Marched  at  two  o'clock  this  morning  from  our 
•cantonments  to  Village  de  Coulenr,  where  we  arrived  by 
break  of  day :  surrounded  several  houses,  found  no  per- 
son. About  8  o'clock  saw  a  few  Cannadians  and  Indians, 
but  could  not  come  up  with  them.  Drove  horses,  cows, 
and  sheep  to  camp.  On  our  arrival  in  camp,  was  in- 
formed of  a  flag  of  truce  from  town  with  letters  for  the 
French  prisoners,  which  is  said  were  all  returned  un- 
opened. Received  orders  to  hold  ourselves  in  readiness 
to  march  against  to-morrow's  evening  with  the  15th  regt. 
and  200  Marines,  under  the  command  of  Brigadier-Gen. 
Murraj'. 

"  5th.  All  this  day  under  orders  of  marching.  At 
twelve  o'clock  this  night  marched  with  the  15th  regt.  and 
200  marines  to  Goram's  post,  where  we  remained  from  10 
o'clock  in  the  morning  to  6  o'clock  evening  of  the  6th 
inst.  On  the  beach  waiting  the  return  of  flat -bottomed 
boats,  which  did  not  arrive  for  fear  of  being  discovered, 
as  our  embarkation  was  to  be  made  with  the  greatest 
«ecresy ;  when  we  thought  we  were  liable  to  be  discovered 


we  drew  off  from  the  beach,  and  took  position  some 
houses  about  a  mile  west  of  Goram's  post. 

"  6th.  Marched  from  last  night's  posts,  and  crossed  the 
River  Else'  Chemin  with  the  15th  regt.  and  20O  Marines : 
about  one  hour  thereafter,  embarked  on  board  the  Sun- 
derland man-of-war,  and  the  remaining  part  of  the  troops 
distributed  to  the  different  vessels  proportionate  to  the 
vessels'  accomodation,  where  the  whole  remained  all 
night. 

"  7th.  Remained  on  board  the  Sunderland  man-of-war 
till  three  o'clock  this  evening,  when  Capt.  Simon  Fraser's 
CO.  of  Light  Infantry  were  ordered  to  be  embarked  on 
board  the  sloop  Good  Intent.  A  fine  open  country  on 
both  sides  the  river,  18  leagues  above  or  west  of  the 
town.  At  twelve  o'clock  this  night  were  ordered  to  be 
ready  to  embark  on  board  the  flat-bottomed  boats ;  coun- 
ter-ordered at  two  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  8th  inst. 

"  Sth.  This  morning  by  10  o'clock  were  ordered  to  em- 
bark on  board  our  boats  (it  being  tide  of  flood)  to  attempt 
a  landing  on  the  north  shore  opposite  to  the  church  of 
Poin  au  Tremble.  The  disposition  of  our  landing  was 
that  Major  Balling's  Light  Infantry  (being  but  3  cos.) 
should  lead  and  land  first.  The  Marines  to  bring  up  the 
rear  of  the  15th  regt.  When  the  signal  was  made  (which 
was  a  wave  of  the  brigadier's  hat)  a  reef  of  rocks  ahead 
rendered  it  impossible  to  row  directly  in :  Capt.  Simon 
Fraser  ordered  two  boats  to  row  a  little  to  the  left,  which 
was  followed  by  the  boat  in  which  he  was,  containing 
the  remaining  part  of  the  company  belonging  to  him, 
who  got  clear  of  the  rocks,  pushed  directly  in_,  and  landed. 
We  drew  up  on  the  beach  opposite  to  a  body  of  the 
enemy  posted  in  a  copse  in  our  front.  Capt.  Fraser  dis- 
covering another  body  on  our  left,  besides  several  smaller 
parties  moving  between  the  copse  and  the  houses  of  the 
village  Point  au  Tremble,  he  thought  it  imprudent  to 
begin  an  attack  before  some  more  men  were  landed.  He 
therefore  cry'd  to  Brigadr.  Murray  (whose  boat  was  then 
near  our  shore)  to  order  more  men  to  land.  On  which 
the  Brigadr.  landed  along  with  his  Brigade  Major  (Mait- 
land),  Colonel  Carleton,  and  Capt.  Stobo,  seeming  dis- 
satisfied with  the  slowness  of  the  other  two  companys  at 
landing,  unfairly  attributing  the  cause  to  shyness,  when 
in  reality  it  was  owing  to  two  boats  running  on  the  reef  of 
rocks  formerly  mentioned.  So  soon  as  the  boats  floated 
Capt.  De  Laune  pushed  in,  landing  where  Capt.  Fraser's  co. 
were  drawn  up,  but  as  the  difference  of  time  twixt  Capt. 
Fraser's  landing  and  Capt.  Delaune's  were  about  16  mi- 
nutes, most  of  the  former  company  were  three  feet  deep  in 
water,  being  tide  of  flood,  which  damaged  part  of  their 
amunition.  Another  great  obstacle  which  disconcerted 
the  Brigadr.,  that  the  boats  in  which  the  remaining  part 
of  the  troops  were  embarked  must  row  against  tide,  in 
consideration  of  which  the  General  thought  proper  to 
order  a  retreat  to  be  beat;  the  two  companys  drew  off, 
reembarked  in  their  respective  boats  without  much  con- 
fusion, but  sustained  part  of  the  enemy's  fire. 

"  After  drawing  off  from  shore,  the  General  ordered  the 
killed  and  wounded  on  board  a  sloop  who  was  exchang- 
ing some  shot  with  one  of  the  enemy's  floating  batteries. 
As  also  the  dry  amunition  to  be  proportionably  divided, 
and  the  whole  to  prepare  for  a  second  attack,  in  the  same 
order  as  the  former.  We  accordingly  rowed  in  shore,  but 
we  found  all  the  copse  better  lined  than  formerly,  and 
from  our  boats  could  discover  a  considerable  body  of  the 
enemy  behind  a  church,  another  body  on  a  road  about 
500  yards  from  thence,  and  those  in  the  copse  as  formerly. 
The  whole  appear'd  formidable,  as  an  officer  on  horse- 
back went  from  one  body  to  another,  viz.  that  posted  on 
the  beach,  the  other  on  the  road,  and  the  one  posted  by 
the  church  aforesaid  to  deliver  orders  (as  may  be  sup- 
posed). However,  Major  Dalling  pursued  the  directions 
given  him :  when  we  came  within  gun-shot  of  the  enemy, 


166 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59. 


they  gave  us  so  heavy  a  fire  of  musketrj'  that  our  land- 
ing was  impracticable,  besides,  nor  could  our  sailors  stand 
by  their  oars  for  some  minutes.  Upon  seeing  the  boats 
wherein  the  regts.  were  embarked  pulled  about,  the  sol- 
diers seized  the  oars,  backed  water,  and  drew  off  from  the 
fire.  We  learnt  that  upon  the  General's  seeing  these 
large  bodj's  of  the  enemy  in  the  village,  he  ordered  the 
retreat  to  be  beat,  which  we  did  not  hear,  being  under  the 
fire  of  the  enemy.  On  this  repulse,  the  whole  of  the 
troops  reembarked  on  board  their  respective  ships.  The 
following  is  an  account  of  the  killed  and  wounded  of  the 
three  companys  of  Light  Infantry :  10  ofiicers  wounded ; 
36  privates  wounded,  and  26  killed. 

"N.B.  Also  10  sailors  killed  and  wounded  belonging 
to  the  Sunderland  man-of-war." 

J.  Noble. 

Invemess. 


AN   IRISH   JUNIUS. 

I  Lave  a  pamphlet  of  rather  a  curious  descrip- 
tion, which  I  think  "  a  Note  of"  may  perhaps  be 
recorded  in  "N.  &  Q."  It  is  an  Svo.'^of  121  pages, 
the  following  being  the  title  and  imprint :  — 

"  The  Arguments  of  the  Gentlemen  who  were  of 
Council  for  Joseph  Cavendish,  on  his  Trial  for  publishing 

a  Libel  against  the  late  Lord  T n,  together  with  the 

Letters  that  appeared  in  the  General  Evening  Post,  under 
the  Signature  of  Junius,  Junius  Secundus,  and  Junius 
Hihernicus.  Dublin :  printed  in  the  Year  m.dcc.i.xxxiii." 

It  appears,  by  a  short  "  advertisement,"  that 
Mr.  Cavendish  was  the  then  printer  of  the  General 
Evening  Post  (Dublin  newspaper)  ;  and,  in  1782, 
a  letter  signed    "Gracchus"   appeared  in   that 

paper,  accusing  Lord  T of  partiality  in  his 

decisions,  and  for  this  the  printer  was  tried.  The 
afiair  was  a  political  one,  and  the  "  arguments  of 
the  two  gentlemen"  were  speeches,  very  powerful 
and  eloquent,  on  behalf  of  the  defence ;  but  this 
is  not  the  interesting  portion  of  the  publication. 
The  letters  alluded  to  are  what  I  consider  worthy 
of  remark,  and  a  note  on  a  fly-leaf  at  the  end. 
There  were  several  blanks,  which  have  been  filled 
up  by  a  pen.  In  the  same  hand  as  the  note,  — 
which  is  an  extremely  neat  small  hand,  very  clear, 
and  approaching  to  feminine.     It  appears  Lord 

T was  "  Tractor,"  and  was  a  judge  of  one  of 

the  Irish  superior  courts.  The  names  of  the  per- 
sons to  whom  the  letters  were  addressed  were 
in  Initial,  but  filled  up  by  the  same  hand  and  the 
same  Ink.  The  first  letter  Is  addressed  to  the 
Right  Hon.  Baron  Power,  signed  "  Junius  Secun- 
dus," dated  28th  May,  1781.  The  second  to 
"Frederick,  Earl  of  Carlisle,"  with  the  above 
signature,  dated  26th  June,  1781.  The  third 
to  the  Right  Hon.  Henry  Flood ;  same  signature, 
date  Dec.  10th,  1781.  (That  Henry  Flood,  the 
person  whom  Valeat  Quantum,  In  "  N.  &  Q." 
(2"^  S.  vill.  101.)  tries  to  make  the  world  believe 
was  the  real  Junius  of  undiscoverable  Identity.) 
There  are  two  other  letters  by  the  same  hand, 
addressed  to  Mr.  Flood.    The  next  is  a  letter  ad- 


dressed "  to  the  volunteer  corps  who  met  at  Dun- 
gannon  on  Friday  the  15th  February,  1782  ;"  and 
another  to  the  same  by  "  Junius  Secundus,"  dated 
10th  March,  1782.  Then  come  two  more  letters 
to  Henry  Flood,  between  that  and  Nov.  1782. 
The  next  letter  is  addressed  to  the  Right  Hon. 
Henry  Grattan,  26th  Dec.  1782,  signed  "Junius." 
The  next  Is  a  letter  to  Lord  Tracton,  signed 
"  Junius  HIbernicus  ; "  and  on  the  margin  of  the 
first  and  last  pages  of  that  letter  are  the  follow- 
ing manuscript  notes  : — The  writer  of  the  letter 
says  to  his  lordship  :  "  Your  taste  for  Mr.  Shake- 
spear —  that  pretty  poet,  to  use  your  own  words." 
Here  Is  the  note  on  that :  — 

"  Mr.  Yelverton,  when  at  the  bar,  having,  in  illustrat- 
ing a  passage,  cited  our  immortal  bard,  he  was  inter- 
rupted by  Lord  Tracton,  saying  '  Mr.  Shakespeare  was  a 

pretty  poet.'    Lord  Y '—  communicated  this  to  Mr. 

Egan,  from  whom  I  had  it.  —  W.  A." 

On  the  last  margin  this  Is  the  note :  — 

"  The  publication  of  this  letter  affected  Lord  Tracton 
to  the  last  degree.  He  suspected  Hoan  to  be  the  writer, 
and  was  confirmed  in  that  opinion  when  H.  refused 
taking  an  oath  that  Lord  Tracton  tendered  him  upon  the 
occasion,  as  Mr.  Egan  informed  me.  —  W.  A." 

There  are  three  other  letters  ;  one  addressed  to 
Lord  Tracton,  one  to  the  Earl  of  Shannon^  and 
one  to  Lord  Libel  (Tracton,  I  suppose),  signed 
j  "Junius  HIbernicus,"  between  July,  1781,  and 
Nov.  1782.  These  documents  are  written  with 
power,  and  In  a  masterly  style.  There  wei-e  few 
Important  personages  of  the  day  that  are  not 
alluded  to  In  the  letters.  The  freedom  of  the 
press  and  many  other  topics  are  discussed  with  a 
boldness  that  astonishes  one,  when  one  remembers 
what  Ireland  was  at  that  historical  and  interesting 
period.  The  following  Is  the  note  on  the  back 
fly-leaf  of  the  work :  — 

"  These  letters  were  all  written  at  the  time  they  bear 
date  by  William  Fletcher,  Esq.  (now  4th  J.  in  C.  P.), 
and  my  much  valued  friend  John  Egan,  Esq.  The 
former  wrote  under  the  signature  'Junius  Secundus,'  and 
the  latter  under  that  of  '  Junius  Hibemicus.'  Mr.  Egan 
was  furnished  with  the  particulars  respecting  the  late 
Mat  Parker  (as  he  informed  me)  by  the  present  Richard 
Viscount  Longville,  as  set  forth  in  the  preceding  letter. 

"  W.  Adams. 

«  Dublin,  December,  1809." 

Perhaps  the  above  note  may  be  Interesting  to 
Irishmen  of  the  present  day,  and  It  is  a  pleasant 
thing  to  have  such  a  publication  as  "  N.  &  Q.," 
which  acts  as  a  sort  of  mirror  whereby  we  can  see 
through  times  past.  Qu.  Was  John  Egan  the 
renowned  Irish  barrister  and  M.P.  who  was  called 
"Bully  Egan"?  And,  if  so,  why  was  he  called 
by  that  name  ?  I  understand  this  pamphlet  is 
very  scarce — is  It  so  ?  S.  Redmond* 

Liverpool. 


2'«i  S.  VIII.  A.UG.  27.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


167 


PKOBATION  riSTS   OF  MERCHANT  TAYLORS    SCHOOL. 
NO.    II. 

(2'"'  S.  viii.  45-6.) 

I  send  another  batch  of  names,  with  a  hope  of 
eliciting  further  information  than  I  possess  re- 
specting their  owners.  My  best  thanks  are  due 
to  Messrs.  Cooper  for  the  valuable  aid  which  they 
have  kindly  afforded  me  :  — 

57.  Jacob  Chamberlain,  bom  1598. 

58.  Lawrence  Roe,  b.  1593. 

59.  Richard  Roe,  b.  Dec.  1596. 

CO.  Abraham")  fb.  April  1,  159G. 

f.l.  Peter        VChamberlaine,  ■{  h.  IGOl. 
62.  Younge    j  (b.  1601. 

(The  first  two  were  eminent  London  merchants ;  the 
last,  I  expect,  was  of  a  different  family.) 
G3.  James     )   yt^Au^^tt-    f  h.  1596. 

64.  Richard  I  ^^^'l''^^*^"'  jb.  1599. 

65.  Christopher  Abde3'.     (No  date  given.) 

(No  doubt  a  member  of  the  Essex  family  of  that 
name.) 
G6.  Ricbard  Kidder,  b.  Mar.  7,  1601. 
(Was  he  father  of  the  Bishop  ?) 

67.  Thomas  Chevnev,  b.  Mar.  21,  1597. 

68.  James  Skelton,  b.  July  20,  1600. 

69.  John  Withers,  b.  Oct.  10,  1602. 

70.  Rowland  Wj'nne,  b.  Nov.  27,  1607. 
(Probably  of  Nostell  Priorj',  Yorkshire.) 

71.  Ralph  Holland,  b.  Oct.  24,  1602. 

72.  Daniel  Harecourt,  b.  Sep.  14,  1605. 

73.  Nath.  Micklethwait,  b.  April  19,  1612. 

74.  Gabriel  Tomlinson,  b.  May  20,  1613. 

75.  Geo.  Fuller.    (No  date.) 

76.  Walter  Sheldon,  b.  1634. 

77.  Christopher  Cope,  b.  1634. 

(Perhaps  ancestor  of  the  baronets  of  that  name.) 

78.  George  Throckmorton,  b.  1632. 

79.  John  Wickliff,  b.  1632. 

80.  Philip  Nevill,  b.  1638. 

81.  Nath.  Langhorn,  b.  1638. 

82.  Benj.  Chandler,  b.  1647. 

83.  Peter  Neve,  b.  Jan.  21,  1660. 

(Norroy-King.    First  President  of  the  Society   of 
Antiquaries,  d.  1729.) 

84.  Charles  Cranmer,  b.  1660. 

(Probably  a  member  of  the  Archbishop's  family.) 

85.  Roger  Burgoin,  b.  1659. 

(Clerk  of  the  Warrants,  Court  of  Chancery.) 

86.  William  Beckford,  b.  1658. 

87.  Thomas  Hearne,  b.  1666. 
-88.  Randolph  Stracey,  b.  1664. 

(Comptroller  and  Town  Clerk  of  London.) 
■89.  Thomas  Canninge,  b.  July  26,  1640. 

90.  Samuel  Trevillian,  b.  1644. 

91.  Sir  Jemmet  Raymond.     (No  date.) 

(He  was  son  of  Sir  Jonathan  R.,  and  was  knighted 
May  1,   1680,   when  his  father  was    Sheriff  of 
London.) 
S2.  Charles  Coningsby,  b.  1668. 
d3.  Beardmore  Brereton,  b.  1667. 
91.  Sheldon  Mervin,  b.  1666. 
95.  Walter*  -,„,,„„  fb.  1663. 
1)6.  George) '^^'^°"  lb.  1661. 
•97.  Moses  Jermyn,  b.  1667. 

98.  Randolph  Knife,  b.  1666. 

(Afterwards  Alderman  and  Sheriff  of  London.) 

99.  Peter  Gleane,  b.  1666. 

(Probably  son  of  Sir  Peter  Gleane,  M.P.  for  Nor- 
wich, 1628.) 


100.  Benjamin  Cudworth,  b.  Jan.  1671. 

101.  Marmaduke  Allington,  b.  1671. 

(?  Afterwards  M.P.  for  Agmondesham.) 

102.  Edward  Leneve,  b.  1669. 

103.  Arthur  Evelyn,  b.  Sep.  1671. 

104.  William  Massingbeard,  b.  1677. 

(Probably  Sir  W.  M.,  baronet,  M.P.  for  Lincoln- 
shire.) 

105.  Christopher  Anstey,  b.  1680. 

106.  Jeremiah  Bentham,  b.  Aug.  15,  1683. 
(Perhaps  father  of  the  Economist.) 

107.  Brabazon  Aylmer,  b.  May  19,  1683. 

108.  Francis  Fortescue,  b.  Oct.  4, 1683. 

(Perhaps  Sir  Fra.  F.,  Bart,  of  Salden,  co.  Bucks. 

109.  Luke      |-v,p,,         „    (b.  1684. 

110.  Edward  P^'^^""^^'^^    {b.  1683. 
(Sons  of  the  poet,  Drj-den's  antagonist.) 

C.  J.  Robinson. 
28.  Gordon  Street. 


Minav  JJatcS. 

The  Skull  of  Robert  Bruce.  —  The  notice  in 
your  June  number  of  Cromwell's  head  reminds 
me  of  a  circumstance  which  occurred  to  myself 
nearly  forty  years  ago,  concerning  the  head  of 
another  very  eminent  prince.  The  Abbey  Church 
at  Durafernline,  belonging  to  the  crown,  was  at 
that  time  undergoing  extensive  repairs.  It  was 
known  that  Robert  the  Bruce  and  his  queen  were 
interred  there,  and  in  the  course  of  the  excava- 
tions the  remains,  which  had  been  carefully  de- 
scribed in  a  contemporary  record,  were  easily 
identified.  At  that  period  the  Phrenological  So- 
ciety of  Edinburgh  was  in  full  activity,  and,  on 
hearing  of  the  discovery  of  these  remains,  they 
applied  to  the  crown  for  permission  to  examine 
Bruce's  skull.  This  was  granted,  and  the  skull 
was  transmitted  to  Edinburgh.  Having  occasion 
to  call  at  the  Exchequer  Chambers,  I  was  sur- 
prised to  observe  on  a  large  table  covered  with 
green  cloth  a  human  skull,  and  from  deference  to 
royalty,  I  suppose,  no  other  article  was  suffered  to 
be  deposited  on  the  table.  The  gentleman  occu- 
pying the  chamber  assured  me  it  was  the  skull  of 
Bruce,  and  allowed  me  to  handle  it.  Being  no 
believer  in  phrenology,  I  can  say  nothing  as  to  its 
developement,  &c.  AH  that  I  remember  indeed 
at  this  distance  of  time  is  that  it  was  very  regu- 
larly formed^  but  whether  materially  different  from 
common-place  crania  I  cannot  tell,  as  it  is  the  only 
one  I  ever  had  in  my  hands.  I  understood  that 
it  was  retransmitted  to  its  former  resting-place, 
and  was  told  at  the  time  that  the  workman  em- 
ployed did  his  part  so  conscientiously  that,  on 
fastening  down  the  royal  remains  with  pitch,  he 
exclaimed,  "  My  certy,  he  will  hae  sic  a  job  to 
win  away  when  the  trumpet  sounds."  T. 

A  Curious  Advertisement,  March,  1717. 

"Denham  Buildings,  in  Scotland  Yard,  Whitehall,  are 
built  in  different  Apartments,  with  several  Stair  Cases, 
after  the  same  Manner  as  the  Inns  of  Court,  where  there 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s,  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59. 


are  Rooms  and  Apartments  to  be  Lett,  from  whence  you 
may  walk  clean  to  Church  in  the  worst  Weather.  In- 
quire at  Will's  Coffee  House,  Whitehall." 

These  buildings,  I  believe,  are  now  pulled  down, 
though  standing  about  the  beginning  of  the  pre- 
sent century.  'W,  p. 

Booh  burned  and  whipped  hy  the  Hangman. 
—The  correspondents  of  "N.  &  Q."  have  from 
time  to  time  furnished  lists  of  books  burned  by 
the  hangman.  I  am  enabled  to  add  the  following 
from  the  pages  of  The  Historical  Magazine  and 
Notes  and  Queries  of  Amei'ica :  — 

"  A  pamphlet,  called  The  Monster  of  Monsters,  printed 
in  Boston  in  1754,  was  ordered  by  the  General  Court  of 
Massachusetts  Bay,  'to  be  burnt  by  the  hands  of  the 
common  hangman  in  King  Street,  Boston.'" — Vol.  iii. 
p.  89.  March,  1859. 

In  the  Connecticut  Gazette  for  Nov.  29th,  1755, 
printed  at  New  Haven,  I  find  the  following  ac- 
count : — 

"  Milford  (in  Connecticut), 
Nov.  21,  1755. 
"  After  perusing  a  false  and  scurrilous  letter,  printed  at 
New  York,  signed  Edioard  Cole,  it  was  tho't  proper  that 
the  same  should  be  publicly  whipt,  as  tending  to  beget 
111  Will,  and  brushing  a  Disunion  in  the  several  Govern- 
ments in  America,  the  contrary  of  which  at  this  Time  and 
present  Situation  of  our  Affairs  is  much  wanted :  Accord- 
ingly it  was  here,  at  4  of  the  clock  this  Afternoon,  after 
proper  notice  by  beat  of  Drum,  publicly  whipt,  according 
to  Moses'  Law,  Forty  stripes  save  one,  by  the  common 
whipper,  and  then  burnt.      .        .        .      ' . 
"J.  W. 
Middletown,  Ct.,  1859.' 
(Vol.  iii.  p.  121.,  April,  1859.) 

Edward  Peacock. 
The  Manor,  Bottesford,  Brigg. 

A  Novel  Bace.  —  The  following  amusing  para- 
graph is  from  Parker's  London  Neivs  of  Monday, 
June  8th,  1724  :  — 

"  On  Wednesday  in  the  Whitsun,  a  race  was  run  at 
Northampton  for  5  guineas  between  two  bulls,  four  cows, 
and  a  calf;  the  first  were  rid  by  men,  and  the  last  by  a 
boy.  The  cows  threw  their  riders,  and  the  calf  tumbled 
down  with  his,  and  was  thereby  distanced,  so  that  one  of  the 
bulls  won  the  wager  before  a  vast  concourse  of  people." 

W.  J.  Pinks. 
The  Handel  Centenaries. — My  father  was  pre- 
sent at  Westminster  Abbey  in  1784  at  the  com- 
memoration of  the  centenary  of  Handel's  birth, 
and  I  was  present  at  the  Crystal  Palace  in  1859,  at 
the  commemoration  of  the  centenary  of  Handel's 
death.  How  'many  of  your  readers  can  say  the 
same  ?  A  Subsceibeb. 


THE  BED  BIBBON  OF  THE  OBDEB  OF  THE  BATH. 

The  following  lines  in  ridicule  of  the  red  ribbon 
from  which  the  badge  of  the  Order  of  the  Bath 
is  suspended,  written  upon  the  revival  of  that 


Order  by  George  I.  in  1725,  after  it  had  been 
dormant  for  nearly  three-quarters  of  a  century, 
are  to  be  found  in  manuscript  on  the  maro^in  of 
No.  1033  of  the  Whitehall  Evening  Post,  April 
22-24  (newspapers,  vol.  i.  1725,  in  Brit.  Mus.),  be- 
neath an  advertisement  of  "  Observations  Intro- 
ductory to  an  Historical  Essay  upon  the  Order  of 
the  Bath,  by  John  Anstis,  Garter  Principal  King- 
of- Arms : " — 

"  Quoth  King  Robin,  our  Ribbons  I  see  are  so  few, 
St.  Andrew's  the  Green,  and  St.  George's  the  blew ; 
I  must  find  out  a  Red  one,  a  colour  more  gay, 
Which  will  tye  up  mj'  Subjects  with  Pride  to  obey. 
Th'  Exchequer  may  Suffer  by  prodigal  Donors, 
The  King  has  ne'er  Exhausted  the  fountain  of  Honours ; 
Men  of  more  Witt  than  money  our  pensions  will  fitt. 
But  these  will  Bribe  those  of  more  Money  than  Witt ; 
Who  with  Faith  most  implicit  obey  my  commands, 
Tho'  empty  as  Young  and  as  saucy  as  Sandys, 
Who  will  soonest  leap  over  a  Stick  for  the  King 
Shall  be  qualified  best  for  a  Dog  in  a  String." 

Of  the  revival  of  the  Order  of  the  Bath,  the 
honours  of  which  the  king  liberally  bestowed, 
thirty-seven  noblemen  and  gentlemen  being  in- 
vested with  them  at  the  first  installation,  June 
17,  1725,  Edmondson  gives  the  following  ac- 
count :  — 

"  King  Charles  II.  previous  to  his  coronation  created 
no  less  than  sixty-eight  Knights  of  Bath,  from  which 
time  no  knights  of  that  degree  were  created  until  King 
George  I.  by  letters  patent  .bearing  date  at  Westminster 
on  the  18th  of  May  in  the  11th  year  of  his  reign  insti- 
tuted, erected,  and  constituted  a  military  order,  to  be  for 
ever  then  after  to  be  called  by  the  name  of  the  Order  of 
the  Bath," 

By  whom  was  this  political  satire  written  ? 

W.  J.  Pinks. 


Minor  ^auertesf. 

Editha  Pope.  —  We  know  so  little  of  Pope's 
family,  that  even  a  name  may  be  suggestive. 
Pope's  mother  was  Editha  Turner,  and  she  became 
Editha  Pope.  Pope's  father  had  certainly  an  elder 
brother,  as  we  learn  from  the  poet's  letter  to  Lord 
Hervey,  of  whom  we  positively  know  nothing. 
Neither  the  name  of  Editha  nor  of  Pope  are  com- 
mon. I  therefore,  when  hunting  over  the  regis- 
ters at  Doctors'  Commons,  made  a  note  —  that 
administration  of  the  goods  of  Editha  Pope,  of 
Crosby  Magna,  in  the  county  of  Wiltshire,  was 
granted,  Feb.  1699,  to  Daniel  Pope  of  the  city  of 
London.  The  administration  entered  in  the  search- 
books  has  the  word  "London"  at  the  side;  and 
this,  as  explained  to  me,  meant  that  London  was 
the  last  place  of  abode  of  the  deceased. 

As  Magdalen,  the  first  wife  of  Pope's  father, 
died  in  1679,  the  above  Editha,  if  named  after 
his  second  wife,  could  not  have  been  more  than 
seventeen  or  eighteen  at  her  death.  At  such  an 
age,  it  is  probable  that  she  would  not  have  made 
a  will ;  although,  to  obtain  possession  of  any  pro- 


2»d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


169 


perty  she  died  possessed  of,  it  may  have  been 
necessary  for  her  nearest  relation  to  obtain  ad- 
ministration. These,  however,  are  but  suggestions. 
I  desire  only  to  direct  attention  to  the  fact. 

E.  A.  P. 

Portrait  of  Archbishop  King.  —  I  have  an  old 
oval  half-length  portrait  of  a  prelate,  well  painted, 
I  and  in  good  preservation  :  on  the  back  of  which 
is  a  printed  label,  stating  it  is  the  portrait  of  Arch- 
bishop King,  by  Bindon.  Some  one  has  likewise 
written  the  date  "  1698."  It  bears  a  strong  re- 
semblance to  other  portraits  of  the  archbishop, 
but  represents  him  at  an  earlier  period  of  his  life. 
Can  you  inform  me  whether  there  is  any  engrav- 
ing of  such  a  portrait  by  Bindon  ?  and  when  did 
Bindon  flourish  ?  Abhba. 

Provincial  Words:  "  Shim" —When  I  was  a 
boy  I  remember,  in  a  part  of  Gloucestershire,  the 
word  shim,  in  vulgar  talk,  used  in  the  sense  of 
like,  or  seemeth  ;  and  was  told  of  the  posy  in  a 
ring,  in  which  it  occurred  thus  —  "  shim  two 
lovers."  Perhaps  Mr.  Bots,  who  replied  to  my 
last  Query,  will  kindly  say  whether  this  word  has 
a  parent,  and  its  descent  can  be  traced  home  ? 

P.  P.  Q. 

Last  Wolf  in  Scotland.  —  In  Mr.  Donovan's 
sale  at  the  London  Museum  in  April,  1818,  there 
is  the  following  entry  in  the  Catalogue  :  — 

"  Lot  832.  Wolf,  —  a  noble  animal  in  a  large  glass  case. 
The  last  wolf  killed  in  Scotland,  by  Sir  C.  Cameron." 

Could  any  one  inform  me  what  became  of  this 
"  lot  ?  "  Geoege  Llotd. 

Bishop  Murphy  s  Irish  MSS.  —  The  very  large 
■  and  miscellaneous  library  of  the  late  Dr.  Murphy, 
Roman  Catholic  Bishop  of  Cork,  was  sold  in  Lon- 
don in  1847  and  1848,  by  Messrs.  Sotheby  &  Co. ; 
but  in  the  Sale  Catalogue  (which  consists  of  four 
parts)  I  do  not  find  any  mention  of  his  voluminous 
MSS.  relative  to  Ireland.  Were  they  sold  ?  or 
did  he  bequeath  them  to  a  public  institution? 
I  remember  seeing  his  literary  possessions  in  his 
house  in  Cork  several  years  since,  when  he  pointed 
out  in  particular  his  collection  of  MSS.  They 
were,  I  think,  transcripts  of  old  documents ;  and 
may  not,  perhaps,  in  a  pecuniary  point  of  view, 
have  been  of  very  great  value.  Abhba. 

Dr.  Maginn  and  Mr.  Harrison  Ainsworth.  — 
Dr.  Shelton  Mackenzie,  in  hfs  Life  of  Dr.  Maginn 
prefixed  to  the  American  edition  of  his  works  in 
five  vols.  12rao.,  says  "  the  best  of  the  flash  songs, 
and  nearly  the  whole  of  Turpin's  Ride  to  York  in 
Mr.  Ainsworth's  Rookwood,  were  actually  written 
by  Maginn,"  p.  109.,  1857,  12mo.  Assuming  this 
statement  to  be  correct,  it  is  singular  that  no  ac- 
knowledgment shoula  ever  have  been  made  to 
Dr.  Maginn  in  the  subsequent  editions  of  Book- 
tvood,  and  that  Mr.  Ainsworth  should  have  in- 


cluded the  flash  songs  in  his  collected  "  Ballads," 
printed  since  Dr.  Maginn's  death.  The  point  is 
of  some  consequence,  as  the  Ride  to  York  forms 
the  corner-stone  of  Mr.  Ainsworth's  reputation, 
and  gave  him  his  popularity  with  the  public,  and 
the  flash  songs  are  decidedly  the  cleverest  of  the 
poetical  performances  which  go  under  his  name. 

If  Dr.  Mackenzie's  statement  is  incorrect,  I  shall 
be  glad  to  see  it  contradicted  from  authority. 

Philo-Turpin. 


J.  Anderson.  —  Who  was  Anderson,  the  author 
of  the  learned  Diplomata  Scotia,  the  son  of?  I 
should  like  to  know  his  father's  and  mother's  names, 
and  the  names  of  his  children,  if  he  left  any.  Has 
any  life  of  him  been  published,  and  if  not,  where 
can  I  find  information  respecting  him  ?  *        2.  0. 

Journal  of  the  First  Earl  of  Bellomont.  —  This 
nobleman,  whilst  Governor  of  New  York  and 
Massachusetts,  kept  a  journal  in  which  he  re- 
corded any  information  he  received,  and  whatever 
matter  of  interest  transpired  in  the  course  of  his 
administration.  As  that  MS.  may  be  in  the  pos- 
session of  some  of  the  Coote  family,  this  Note  is 
made  in  the  hope  that  attention  may  be  directed 
to  the  subject,  and  the  journal  published  if  ex- 
tant. E.  B.  O'Callaghan. 

Albany,  N.  Y. 

Capt.  Cobb  and  Lieut.- Col.  Fear  on.  —  I  am  in 
want  of  any  information  with  regard  to  Captain 
Henry  Cobb,  who  was  Captain  of  the  "Kent" 
East  Indiaman  when  she  was  destroyed  by  fire  on 
March  1,  1825,  and  also  with  regard  to  Lieut.' 
Col.  Fearon,  C.  B.,  who  was  then  in  command  of 
a  portion  of  the  31st  foot,  on  their  outward  pas- 
sage, both  of  whom  so  signally  distinguished 
themselves  by  their  remarkable  courage  and  pre- 
sence of  mind  on  that  occasion.  K.  S.  C. 

Ballad  on  Sir  John  Eland,  of  Eland,  co.  York. 
—  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  give  me  any 
information  as  to  the  family  of  Sir  Hugh  Quamby, 
of  Quamby,  co.  York,  and  his  son,  John  de  Lock- 
wood,  of  Lockwood,  Esq.,  and  —  Lacy,  who 
figure  in  the  above  ballad,  temp.  Edw.  III. 

Being  engaged  in  collecting  the  "  Ballads  and 
Songs  of  Yorkshire,"  with  the  intention  of  pub- 
lishing a  volume  under  that  title,  any  inedited 
manuscript,  &c.,  relating  in  any  way  to  the  work, 
will  be  thankfully  received.     C.  J.  D.  Ingledew. 

Beer  and  its  Strength.  —  I  cannot  satisfactorily 
dispose  of  what  was  the  strength  of  the  strong 
ale  or  beer  drunk  in  England  during  the  first  ten 
or  twenty  years  of  the  last  century.  ^  Are  there 
any  data  for  comparing  its  strength  with  that  of 
wine,  brandy,  or  other  intoxicating  liquors  ?    or 

[♦  See  "  N.  &  Q."  1'*  S.  viii.  326.] 


170 


^OTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  YIII.  Auo.  27.  '69. 


means  of  guessing  at  this  from  the  quantity  al- 
lowed as  a  ratio  to  servants  or  workmen,  or  from 
the  allusions  in  dramatic  and  other  writers  to  its 
potency  ?  These  questions  are  put  on  the  suppo- 
sition that  it  is  vain  to  ask  for  any  standard,  or 
recipe,  or  formula  (like  that  for  laudanum  in  a 
pharmacopoeia)  as  recognised  by  brewers  to  be 
binding  upon  them.  Such  a  recipe,  though  not 
absolutely  authoritative,  would  outweigh  infer- 
ential evidence ;  but  as  it  is  not  likely  to  exist, 
your  readers  of  all  classes  may  find  room  for  their 
learning  in  contributing  to  answer  the  query  pro- 
posed. Ubsa  Major. 

Thomasoiis  "  Memories."  —  In  a  recently  pub- 
lished little  poem,  by  Mr.  G.  T.  Thomason,  en- 
titled Memories  (which,  by  the  way,  combines 
much  of  the  rustic  simplicity  of  Bloomfield  with 
the  finished  elegiac  diction  of  Gray)  occurs  the 
following  stanza  in  reference  to  a  practice  con- 
nected with  sheep-shearing  feasts  :  — 

"  Soon  as  the  skies  reflect  the  day's  last  beam, 
And  stars  illuminate  the  worlds  above. 
Young  maidens  throw  bright  flow'rs  into  the  stream, 
Propitiate  offerings  to  the  god  of  Love." 

To  what  provincial  custom  does  the  poet  al- 
lude ?  /3. 

Innismurrdy,  anciently  Innismuiredhy,  is  an 
island  in  the  Western  Ocean,  about  five  miles 
west  from  the  most  northern  part  of  the  county 
of  Sligo,  and  about  six  miles  west  (a  little  south) 
of  Donegal  Bay. 

This  island  is  said  to  be  occupied  by  persons 
all  related  to  each  other,  and  all  of  one  name,  in 
1830  about  eighty-seven  in  number,  who  submit 
their  disputes  to  the  oldest  man,  who  is  the  head 
always  according  to  age. 

It  belongs  to  Lord  Palmerston,  and  no  English 
or  Irish  landlord  besides  can  boast  of  such  a 
primitive  possession  and  tenantry. 

Here  are  three  places  of  burial ;  one  for 
drowned  persons  and  unbaptized  children,  a  se- 
cond for  males,  the  third  for  females. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  help  me  to  any  early 
ecclesiastical  account  of  this  place  ?  J.  W. 

Winkley  Family.  —  A  tradition  exists  in  the 
Lincolnshire  branch  of  this  family  to  the  effect, 
that  an  ancestor,  who  narrowly  escaped  with  his 
life,  fled  from  Lancashire  during  some  civil  or  re- 
ligious commotion,  and  took  refuge  in  Lincoln- 
shire. The  family  have  been  traced  as  residing 
in  Lincolnshire  as  far  back  as  the  year  1541,  viz. 
at  Irby-in-the-Marsh.  In  1577  they  were  at 
Frieston  and  |Whaplode,  and  after  that  they  ap- 
pear  to  have  been  scattered  over  several  parishes 
in  the  Wapentake  of  EUoe.  The  Winkleys  of 
Lancashire  derived  their  name  from  an  estate  or 
hamlet  still  so  called  in  the  township*  of  Aighton 
in  the  parish  of  Mitton,  which  the  elder  branch 


possessed  from  the  time  of  Edw.  I.  till  within 
about  200  years  ago. 

A  desire  exists  to  trace  the  connexion  between 
the  two'  families  by  something  more  than  mere 
tradition,  and  therefore  should  any  of  the  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  be  in  a  position  to  afford  any  infor- 
mation which  might  tend  to  further  this  object, 
they  will  perhaps  kindly  supply  it. 

It  has  been  suggested  that  the  occasion  of  this 
younger  branch  of  the  family's  removal  into  Lin- 
colnshire might  have  been  the  Pilgrimage  of 
Grace,  and  perhaps  some  of  your  readers  might 
be  able  to  state  whether  any  members  of  other 
families  in  Lancashire  or  the  northern  counties 
were  dispersed  and  settled  in  Lincolnshire  at  that 
period.  W. 

Dr.  Donne's  Seal.  —  In  my  annotated  copy  of 
The  Life  of  George  Herbert,  I  have  made  this 
note  on  p.  33.,  last  line,  "  was  by  the  Doctor 
[Donne]  given  to  him  "  :  — 

"  One  of  these  seals,  traditionally  the  very  one  given 
to  George  Herbert,  was  existing  in  1807,  when  a  repre- 
sentation of  it  was  engraved  in  the  Gentleman's  3Iagazine 
for  April,  1807,  p.  313.,  which  was  repeated  in  the  volume 
for  1835,"  Dec.  p.  623. 

Who  is  the  fortunate  possessor  of  this  seal  at 
the  present  time  ?  *  B.  B. 

The  Skeletons  at  Cuma  with  Wax  Heads.  — 
One  of  our  modern  archaeological  publications 
seems  still  inclined  to  think  these  were  bodies  of 
martyrs,  and  to  doubt  whether  the  assertion 
(Archaologia,  vol.xxxvii.  323.)  that  chemical  ana- 
lysis proved  the  substance  to  be  ink  which  was 
supposed  to  be  blood,  be  correct.  Would  Mb. 
AsHriTBi,  kindly  refer  to  his  authority  for  this 
statement,  and,  if  he  can,  give  the  analysis  of  the 
chemists.  M.  N.  S. 

An7ie  Pole.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
give  me  any  information  respecting,  Anne  Pole, 
youngest  daughter  of  Sir  Geffrey  Pole,  and  niece 
of  Cardinal  Pole,  who  was  the  second  wife  of 
Thomas  Hildersham  of  Stretchworth,  Cambridge- 
shire, and  mother  of  Arthur  Hildersham,  vicar  of 
Ashby-de-la-Zouche,  a  well-known  nonconformist 
minister,  whose  life  is  in  Clarke's  Martyrology  f 
The  date  of  her  birth,  death,  first  and  second  (?) 
marriage,  or  births  of  her  other  (?)  children,  and 
place  of  burial  are  required.  Alex.  J.  Ellis. 

RuhnkeiUs  "  Dictata."  —  I  happened  lately  to 
discover  a  MS.  of  Ruhnken's  Dictata  in  Teren- 
tium.  It  is  a  beautifully  written  quarto,  and 
contains  matter  not  to  be  found  in  L.  Schoper's 
edition  of  the  Dictata  (Bonn,  1825),  as  you  will 

[*  The  seal  given  to  Izaak  Walton  is  in  the  possession 
of  H.  A.  Mereweather,  Esq.,  Q.  C,  of  Bowden  Hill : 
another  was  in  the  possession  of  the  late  Dr.  Bliss  of 
Oxford.— Ed.] 


2«'-i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


see  by  comparing  the  enclosed  photographic  copy 
of  p.  177-  with  the  printed  Dictata  to  Eunuchus, 
Act  III.  Sc.  3.  vers.  3—10. 

I  am  inclined  to  think  that  my  MS.  is  not  a 
copy  taken  down  from  dictation  ;  it  is  far  too  well 
and  carefully  written  for  that.  It  may  be  liuhn- 
ken's  own  copy,  written  by  himself  or  copied  for 
him  by  an  amanuensis.  If  you  have  any  means  of 
comparing  the  specimen  I  enclose  with  any  auto- 

fraph  of  Ruhnken  to  be  found  in  the  British 
luseum,  it  would  be  of  great  interest  to  me  and 
to  any  future  editor  of  the  Dictata,  to  know  if  the 
MS.  is  from  Ruhnken's  own  hand.  W.  Ihre. 

Carlton  Terrace,  Liverpool. 

[No  autograph  of  Ruhnken's  is  to  be  found  in  the 
British  Museum. — Ed.] 

Supernaturals  at  the  Battles  of  Clavijo  and 
Prague.  —  A  reference  to  the  best  account  of  the 
support  given  to  the  Spaniards  by  St.  James  at 
the  battle  of  Clavijo,  and  to  any  account  of  the 
phantoms  which  encouraged  the  Imperialists  at, 
and  the  night  before,  the  battle  of  Prague,  will 
oblige  T.  E. 

The  Termination  Hayne. — In  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Sidmouth,  Devon,  is  an  ancient  earth- 
work called  Blackberry  Castle.  Close  around  it 
are  names  of  places  ending  in  "  hayne,"  as 
"  Wickshayne,"  "  Hornshayne,"  "  Bonehayne," 
"  Blamphayne."  Perhaps  there  are  a  dozen  such. 
I  am  not  aware  that  the  termination  is  so  common 
elsewhere.  Query  its  derivation,  and  if  at  all  in- 
dicative of  the  former  possessors  of  the  camp. 

N.  S.  Heineken. 

Tamherlin.  —  I  have  in  my  possession  an  old 
Bible,  date  1660,  on  the  first  leaf  of  which  is 
written  this  name.  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  kindly  give  any  particulars  of  this 
family,  believed  to  be  of  Dorset  or  Somerset  ?  C. 


Lady  Rous. — Who  was  a  Lady  Rous,  living  at 
Warwick  in  1646,  a  friend  or  relation  of  Lord- 
Keeper  Coventry's  family  ?  W.  C. 

[The  lady  above  referred  to  was  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Ferrers,  of  Tamworth  Castle,  Warwickshire,  Bart., 
and  first  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Rous,  of  Rouse -Lench,  Worces- 
tershire, who  was  created  a  Bart,  by  Charles  I.,  23  July, 
1641.  She  died  in  1656.  FVf^e  Betham's  Baronetage,  4to. 
Lond.  1804,  vol.  iv.  220.] 

Sing  si  diderum. — At  York,  an  angry  mother 
will  tell  her  offending  child  that  she  will  make  It 
"  sing  si  diderum."  I  could  never  understand 
what  was  particularly  meant  by  this  threat,  but 
imagined  it  might  originally  have  borne  an  allu- 
sion to  some  old  penitential  psalm  or  confession 


commencing  with  the  words  "  Si  dederim."  That 
the  expression  is  very  ancient  is  certain.  I  have 
lately  met  with  it,  in  a  slightly  varied  form,  in 
the  poem  •'  On  the  Evil  Times  of  Edward  III.," 
contained  in  The  Political  Songs  of  England  from 
the  Reign  of  John  to  that  of  Edward  II.,  pub- 
lished by  the  Camden  Society  in  1839.  The  fol- 
lowing is  the  verse  containing  the  words  :  — 

"  Voiz  of  clerk  is  sielde  i-herd  at  the  court  of  Rome ; 
Ne  were  he  nevere  swicb  a  clerk,  silverles  if  he  come, 
Thouh  he  were  the  wiseste  that  evere  was  i-born, 

i-souht. 
Or  he  shal  sing  si  dedero,  or  al  geineth  him  noht." 

Can  any  reader  of  "N.  &  Q."  give  me  in- 
formation respecting  the  origin  or  significancy  of 
"  Sing  si  dedero  ?  "  Ozmond, 

[We  are  quite  inclined  to  agree  that  si  dederim,  or 
si  dedero,  may  have  been  the  initial  words  of  some  longer 
composition.  Is  it  not  possible  that  they  were  the  com- 
mencement of  a  legal  form  ?  Dedi  is  a  word  of  some  im- 
portance in  legal  documents,  as  it  amounts  in  law  to  a 
warrant!/.  Then  if  it  be  said  in  a  deed  or  conveyance 
that  A.  B.  hath  given  so  and  so  to  C.  D.,  it  is  a  warranty 
to  C.  D.  and  his  heirs  (Jacob,  Cowel).  And  again, 
Janus  Gulielmus,  in  attempting  to  explain  an  obscure 
passage  in  Cicero's  Orations,  saj'S  that  covenants  occa- 
sionauy  commenced  with  the  word  si.  It  is  possible, 
then,  that  si  dedero  may  have  been  known  in  ancient 
days  as  the  initial  phrase  of  a  legal  contract, — a  point  on 
which  our  friends  learned  in  the  law  will  perhaps  give 
us  farther  light.  The  words  of  J.  Gulielmus  are,  "  Allusit 
ad  sponsinum  et  stipulationum  formulas,  quas  certis 
verbis  concipiebant,  et  fere  ordiebantur  a  si,_sive,  ni, 
NIVE."  (^Plantinarum  Qucestionum  Cominentari'is,  1583, 
p.  44.) 

We  take  this  stipulating  or  binding  force  of  si  dedero 
to  be  the  true  explanation  of  the  last  line  of  the  passage 
so  appositely  cited  b^'  our  correspondent  from  an  old 
poem.  At  Rome,  be  the  clerk  never  so  learned,  either  he  ' 
must  say  "  I  will  give  so  much  "  (si  dedero),  or  all  his 
learning  profits  him  nothing. 

With  regard  to  the  threat  which  angry  mothers  ad- 
dress in  Yorkshire  to  a  naughty  child,  ""I'll  make  you 
sing  si  diderum,"  we  apprehend  that  their  great-great- 
grandmothers  did  not  use  it  exactly  in  the  same  form,  but 
kept  close  to  a  legal  sense.  They  said,  interposing  a 
comma,  "  I'll  make  you  sing,  si  dederim  " : — that  is,  "  Si 
dederim"— if  I  give  it  you,  oh!  wont  I?  ("Dedit  illi 
dolorem,"  says  Cicero),  —  "  I'll  make  you  sing."  But  in 
process  of  time  the  two  parts  of  the  sentence  were  run 
into  one;  and  " si  dederim,"  no  longer  significant  of  the 
threatened  castigation,  came  at  length  to  stand  for  the 
outcry  which  that  castigation  would  not  fail  to  elicit,  — 
« I'll  make  you  sing  si  diderum."] 

Sir  John  Danvers.  —  Any  information  about 
Sir  John  Danvers,  brother  (?)  of  Henry  Danvers, 
Earl  of  Danby,  living  in  the  middle  of  the  seven- 
teenth century,  would  be  acceptable.  W.  C. 

[Sir  John  Danvers,  of  Danvers  House,  Chelsea,  the 
brother  and  heir  of  Henry  Danvers,  Earl  of  Danbj',  was 
a  gentleman  of  the  Privy-Chamber  to  Charles  I.  After 
the  death  of  Lady  Danvers  (George  Herbert's  mother)  he 
was  deeply  plunged  in  debt ;  and  on  the  breaking  out  of 
the  Rebellion  identified  himself  with  the  rebels,  and  was 
discarded  bv  his  sovereign  and  his  own  family.  At  the 
trial  of  Charles  I.  he  sat  as  a  judge,  and  affixed  his  sig- 


172 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '5P, 


nature  to  the  death-warrant  of  the  King.  He  died  in 
1659,  the  year  before  the  Restoration.  Clarendon's  Hist, 
of  the  Rebellion,  iv.  636.,  ed.  1849.  Faulkner's  Chelsea, 
i.  172. ;  ii.  143.,  ed.  1829;  and  «N.  &  Q."  2"-»  S.  ii.  449. ; 
iii.  495.] 

Song. — In  days  of  yore  my  father  sung  some 
lines.   Where  can  I  find  the  song  — 

"The  ploughman  Avliistles  o'er  the  furrow. 
The  hedger  joins  the  vacant  strain, 
The  woodman  sings  the  woodland  thorough, 
The  shepherd's  pipe  delights  the  plain." 

Sen EX. 
[This  beautiful  ballad  is  by  Charles  Dibdin  the  elder, 
or,  as  we  may  style  him,  the  Dibdin.  His  name  is  chiefly 
retained  in  our  memories  by  his  inimitable  Nautical  Bal- 
lads; but  Dibdin  deserves  more  than  that,  he  was  a 
universal  lyrist  and  melodist ;  in  every  scene  of  nature 
he  poured  out  his  melodies  with  the  spontaneous  richness 
of  the  minstrels  of  the  wood.  We  must  quote  it,  al- 
though the  words  and  music  are  so  closely  united  as  to 
be  almost  incapable  of  separation :  — 

"  The  Labouker's  Welcome  Home. 
"  The  ploughman  whistles  o'er  the  furrow, 
The  hedger  joins  the  vacant  strain, 
The  woodman  sings  the  woodland  thorough. 

The  shepherd's  pipe  delights  the  plain : 
Where'er  the  anxious  eye  can  roam. 
Or  ear  receive  the  jocund  pleasure. 

Myriads  of  beings  thronging  flock, 
Of  Nature's  song  to  join  the  measure ; 
Till,  to  keep  time,  the  village  clock 
Sounds  sweet  the  lab'rer's  welcome  home. 

"  The  hearth  swept  clean,  his  partner  smiling. 
Upon  the  shining  table  smokes 
The  frugal  meal :  while,  time  beguiling, 

The  ale  the  harmless  jest  provokes : 
Ye  inmates  of  the  lofty  dome. 

Admire  his  lot — his  children  plaj-ing. 

To  share  his  smiles  around  him  flock ; 
And  faithful  Traj',  since  morn,  that  straying, 
Trudg'd  with  him,  till  the  village  clock 
Proclaim'd  the  lab'rer's  welcome  home. 

"  The  cheering  fagot  burnt  to  embers. 
While  lares  round  their  vigils  keep. 
That  Pow'r  that  poor  and  rich  remembers, 

Each  thanks,  and  then  retires  to  sleep : 
And  now  the  lark  climbs  heav'n's  high  dome. 
Fresh  from  repose,  toil's  kind  reliever ; 
And  furnish'd  with  his  daily  stock, — 
His  dog,  his  staff,  his  keg,  his  beaver, — 
He  travels,  till  the  village  clock 
Sounds  sweet  the  lab'rer's  welcome  home."] 

Blewman.  —  What  is  the  origin  of  the  word 
blewman,  attendants  on  a  sheriff?  W.  C. 

[Blue,  says  Pliny,  was  the  colour  in  which  the  Gauls 
cloathed  their  slaves,  and,  for  many  ages,  blue  coats 
were  the  liveries  of  servants  and  apprentices.  Hence  the 
proverb  in  Ra}',  «  He's  in  his  better  blue  clothes,"  ?.  e. 
he  thinks  himself  wondrous  fine.  Nares  says,  that  "  a 
blue  coat,  with  a  silver  badge  on  the  arms,  was  uni- 
formly the  livery  of  servants."  In  fact  it  was  the  ordi- 
nary livery  of  javelin  and  serving-men  in  the  sixteenth 
and  seventeenth  centuries. 

"A  velvet  justice,  with  a  long 
Great  train  of  blue-coats,  twelve  or  fourteen  strong.". . 

Donne's  Satires. 
A  bine-coat  is  also  the  dress  of  a  beadle.    Doll  Tear- 


sheet,  in  the  Second  Part  of  Henry  IV.,  calls  the  beadle 
"  Blue-coat  rogue;"  and  in  Nabbes'  Microcosmus,  1G37> 
it  is  said,  "  The  whips  of  furies  are  not  half  so  terrible  as 
a  blue-coat."Il 

Lady  Capel.  —  Who  was  a  Lady  Capel,  living 
at  Oxted  in  January,  1646,  and  an  aunt  of  Loi'd- 
Keeper  Coventry's  children  ?  She  also  lived  at 
Stubbers  (?)  in  Essex.  W.  C. 

[Under  an  achievement  fixed  to  the  south  wall  of 
Oxted  Church  is  an  inscription  to  Dorothy  Lady  Capell, 
wife  first  to  Sir  Thomas  Hoskins,  of  Oxted  in  Surrey, 
knight ;  afterwards  the  wife  of  Sir  Henry  Capell,  of  Had- 
ham,  in  the  county  of  Hertford,  knight,  died  the  23rd 
December,  1651,  being  of  the  age  of  sixty-six  years  and 
six  months. — Manning  and  Bray's  Surrey,  ii.  390.] 


"  MOLLT    MOG.' 


(2'"'  S.  viii.  84. 129.  145.) 
The  design  of  "  N.  &  Q."  being  to_  assist,  not  to 
supersede  the  literary  researches  of  its  readers,  it 
presupposes  that  the  querist  has  first  consulted 
the  ordinary  works  of  reference  on  any  particular 
subject,  before  recourse  is  had  to  its  pages  for 
farther  assistance.  It  is  gratifying  to  find  that 
your  correspondents,  M.  M.  and  M.  M.  2.,  have 
duly  observed  this  distinctive  characteristic  of 
your  periodical,  as  their  incidental  notices  of 
works  likely  to  afford  information  respecting  the 
authorship  of  "  pretty  Molly  Mog"  fully  attest. 

The  publication  of  this  popular  song  preceded 
that  of  the  Travels  of  Lemuel  Gulliver  by  two 
months.  It  was  first  printed  in  Mist's  Weekly 
Journal,  No.  70.,  August  27,  1726,  and  prefaced 
with  the  following  editorial  note  :  — 

"  In  our  last  we  presented  our  readers  with  a  short 
poem  upon  Molly  Mog  :  as  few  have  seen  that  which  oc- 
casioned it,  it  having  never  been  printed,  we  shall  give  it 
the  public  now,  which  will  make  the  other  better  under- 
stood. We  shall  only  observe,  it  was  writ  by  two  or 
three  men  of  wit  (who  have  diverted  the  publick  both  in 
prose  and  verse)  upon  the  occasion  of  their  lying  at  a 
certain  inn  at  Ockinghara,  where  the  daughter  of  the 
house  was  remarkably  pretty,  and  whose  name  is  Molly 
Mog." 

In  April  of  this  year,  1726,  Swift  paid  a  visit  to 
England,  and  had  brought  with  him  the  manu- 
script of  Gulliver's  Travels.  For  four  months, 
that  is,  from  April  to  August,  he  resided  with 
Pope  at  Twickenham,  where  he  was  occasionally 
favoured  with  the  society  of  Gay,  Arbuthnot,  and 
Bolingbroke.  Pope  had  quitted  Binfield  ten  years ; 
and  we  can  only  account  for  the  convivial  meet- 
ing at  the  Rose  Inn  at  Oakingham,  by  supposing 
that,  in  company  with  Swift  and  (jay.  Pope  paid 
a  flying  visit  to  the  scenes  of  his  youthful  days- 
Mist  assures  us  that  the  song  "was  writ  by  two 
or  three  men  of  wit;"  and  this  accounts  for  its 
having  been  severally  attributed  to  Pope,  Swift, 


2»d  S.  VIII.  Ava.  27.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


and  Gay,  and  included  in  their  Miscellanies  pub- 
lished in  the  following  year,  1727. 

That  the  three  poets  were  residing  together  at 
this  time  is  evident  from  Lord  Bolingbroke's  let- 
ter, dated  July  23,  1726,  addressed  "  To  the  three 
Yahoos  of  Twickenham,  Jonathan,  Alexander, 
John,  most  excellent  Triumvirs  of  Parnassus." 
During  this  interval,  it  is  believed,  that  many  ce- 
lebrated pieces,  well  known  to  the  present  times, 
were  either  planned  or  written,  and  submitted 
there  to  the  mutual  correction  of  the  parties 
(Roscoe's  Pope,  i.  293.).  From  a  passage  in  one 
of  Cowper's  letters,  we  incidentally  get  a  glimpse  of 
the  employment  of  Mr.  Mist's  "  two  or  three  men 
of  wit "  in  the  Twickenham  villa,  and  can  almost 
fancy  we  see  them  engaged  in  decking  "Pretty 
Molly"  for  public  admiration.  Cowper,  writing 
to  the  Rev.  Wm.  Unwin,  Aug.  4,  1783,  says, 
"What  can  be  prettier  than  Gay's  ballad,  or 
rather  Swift's,  Arbuthnot's,  Pope's,  and  Gay's  in 
the  What  do  ye  call  it  — '  'Twas  when  the  seas 
were  roaring  ?  '  I  have  been  well  informed  that 
they  all  contributed,  and  that  the  most  celebrated 
association  of  clever  fellows  this  country  ever 
saw  did  not  think  it  beneath  them  to  unite  their 
strength  and  abilities  in  the  composition  of  a  song. 
The  success,  however,  answered  to  their  wishes, 
and  our  puny  days  will  never  produce  such  an- 
other." 

In  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  June,  1755, 
(p.  278.)  occurs  the  following  notice  of  this 
song :  — 

"  Mr.  Urban. — I  suppose  few  of  your  readers  need  be 
informed  that  the  original  song  of  Mollt/  Mog  was  written 
by  Pope  about  his  seventeenth  year,  when  the  fair  land- 
lady of  the  Kose  was  the  reigning  toast  for  some  miles 
round.  Oakingham.  Th6re  is  at  present  in  London  an- 
other Molly  Mog,  now  nineteen,  who  has  all  the  charms 
of  her  predecessor.  With  this  beauty  a  certain  son  of  the 
Muses  is  fallen  desperately  in  love ;  and  if  the  following 
translation  of  Mr.  Pope's  song  into  French  finds  a  place 
in  your  next  Magazine,  it  will  gratify  many  of  your 
readers,  and  amongst  therest,  —  A.  A.  A." 

Then  follows  the  song  in  French.  Pope's  seven- 
teenth year,  however,  would  take  us  back  to  1705, 
when  Gay  was  figuring  behind  a  linendraper's 
counter,  and  Swift  only  known  to  Pope  as  the 
suspected  author  of  the  Tale  of  a  Tub.  It  was 
not  till  after  the  publication  of  Windsor  Forest, 
in  1713,  that  Swift  and  Pope  became  personal 
friends.  Besides,  as  "  pretty  Molly"  died  in  1766, 
in  her  sixty-seventh  year,  she  would,  in  1705,  only 
have  been  a  bonnie  lass  in  her  sixth  year,  rather 
too  tender  "  a  bit  for  the  Vicar,"  or  anyone  else. 

The  traditionary  notices  of  the  song,  as  stated 
by  Lysons,  seem  to  favour  the  conjecture  that  it 
was  written  in  1726.  The  enamoured  swain  al- 
luded to  in  it,  is  said  to  have  been  Edward  Stan- 
den,  Esq.,  of  Arborfield,  Berks,  a  young  gentleman 
of  600/.  per  annum,  who  died  of  apoplexy,  Sept. 
26,  1730.    The  allusion  to  the  Vicar  in  the  last 


verse  is  not  apparent;  but  it  maybe  mentioned 
as  a  singular  coincidence,  that  the  Rev.  Benjamin 
Moody,  who  had  been  nearly  fifty  years  minister 
of  Oakingham,  died  on  August  22, 1726,  five  days 
before  the  publication  of  the  song  in  Mist's  Journal. 
As  a  literary  curiosity  it  may  be  as  well  to 
quote  the  song  as  it  flowed  fresh  from  the  pens  of 
this  trio  of  wits.  The  words  Italicised  were  al- 
tered in  the  version  printed  in  Pope  and  Swift's 
Miscellanies,  1727,  which  also  contains  two  addi- 
tional verses. 

"  MOLLY  MOG. 

1. 

"  Saj's  my  Uncle,  I  pray  j^ou  discover 
What  has  been  the  cause  of  j'our  woes, 
That  you  pine  and  you  whine  like  a  lover  ? 
I've  seen  Molly  Mog  of  the  Rose. 

2. 

"  Oh  Nephew  I  your  grief  is  but  folly, 
In  town  you  may  find  better  prog ; 
Haifa  crown  there  will  get  you  a  Molly, 
A  Molly  much  better  than  Mog. 

3. 

"  The  school  boys  delight  in  a  play-day, 
The  schoolmaster's  joy  is  to  flog ; 
Fop  is  the  delight  of  a  lady,* 
But  mine  is  in  sweet  Molly  Mog. 


"  Will  a  Wisp  leads  the  traveller  a  gadding, 
Thro'  ditch,  and  thro'  quagmire  and  bog; 
Xo  light  can  e'er  set  me  a  padding, 
But  the  eyes  of  my  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

5. 

"  For  guineas  in  other  men's  breeches 

Your  gamesters  will  palm  and  will  cog ; 
But  I  envy  them  none  of  their  riches, 
So  I  palm  my  sweet  Molly  Mog. 


"  The  hart  that's  half  wounded,  is  ranging,^ 
It  here  and  there  leaps  like  a  frog ; 
But  my  heart  can  never  be  changing, 
It's  so  fix'd  on  my  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

74 
'*  I  know  that  by  Wits  'tis  recited, 
That  women  at  best  are  a  clog ; 
But  I'm  not  so  easily  frighted 
From  loving  my  sweet  Molly  Mog. 


"  A  letter,  when  I  am  inditing, 

Comes  Cupid  and  gives  me  a  jog. 

And  I  fill  all  7ny  paper  with  writing, 

Of  nothing  but  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

*  The  corrected  version  is  better :  — 

"The  milk-maid's  delight  is  in  May  day, 
But  mine  is  on  sweet  Molly  Mog." 

f  This  line  is  thus  altered  :  — 

"  The  heart,  when  half  wounded,  is  changing'' 
so  that  the  original  pun  in  this  verse  is  lost. 
X  This  is  the  third  verse  in  the  Miscellanies. 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[a^d  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59. 


"  I  feel  I'm  in  love  to  distraction, 
My  senses  are  lost  in  a  fog ; 
And  in  nothing  csmfind  satisfaction, 
But  in  thoughts  of  jny  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

10. 
"  If  I  would  not  give  up  the  three  graces, 
I  wish  I  were  hang'd  like  a  dog. 
And  at  court  all  the  drawing-room  faces, 
For  a  glance  at  my  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

11. 

*'  For  those  faces  want  nature  and  spirit. 
And  seem  as  cut  out  of  a  log, 
Juno,  Venus,  and  Pallas's  merit 
Unite  in  my  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

12. 
"  Were  Virgil  alive  with  his  Phillis, 
And  writing  another  Eclogue, 
Both  his  Phillis  and  fair  Amaryllis, 
He'd  give  for  mi/  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

13. 
"  When  Molly  comes  up  with  the  liquor,* 
Then  Jealousy  sets  me  a  gog. 
To  be  sure  she's  a  bit  for  the  Vicar, 
And  so  I  shall  lose  Molly  Mog." 

In  the  same  day's  paper,  Mr.  Mist  informs  his 
readers,  that  "  one  of  our  correspondents  sends, 
l)y  way  of  advice,  the  following  lines  to  the  gen- 
tlemen that  are  so  enamoured  with  pretty  Molly 
Mog :  — 

" '  When  to  woman  you  make  your  address. 
Remember  the  old  Decalogue ; 
And  take  heed  that  you  never  transgress 
With  that  beautiful  toast  Molly  Mog.' " 
The  song  became  exceedingly  popular,  so  that 
Mr.  Mist  found  himself  overwhelmed  with  paro- 
dies and  imitations,  which  elicited  the  following 
editorial  warning  in  his  paper  of  Sept.  10, 1726:  — 
"  As  the  praise  of  the  celebrated  Molly  Mog  has  set  all 
the  wits  in  town  at  Crambo,  we  shall  present  the  pub- 
lick  with  a  few  more  stanzas  upon  this  '  fair  Maid  of  the 
Inn,'  after  which  we  shall  have  done  with  her,  lest  the 
town  should  think  she  grows  stale  upon  their  hands. 

"  Mn.  Mist.  —  Your  poetry  upon  sweet  Molly  3Iog  has 
inspired  all  the  town  and  country  rhymers,  yet  to  my 
great  wonder,  have  they  omitted  one  rhyme  so  obvious, 
that  I  think  no  real  admirer  of  that  charming  girl  could 
have  overlooked  it,  since  to  see  her,  and  not  to  toast  her 
is  impossible :  — 

"  Boj',  bring  us  the  best  in  your  cellar : 
Sir,  that  is  a  glass  of  old  Nog ; 
Then  fill  me  a  bumper ;  and  tell  her. 
Here's  a  health  to  sweet  Molly  Mog." 

"  Sir.  —  I  believe  the  wits  have  not  thought  of  these 
two  stanzas  and  rhymes  (which  I  much  wonder  at,  they 
being  so  plain  to  be  thought  on),  therefore  recommend 
them  to  your  Journal,  if  you  think  them  worth  your  while 
to  insert :  — 

"  Who  follows  all  women  of  pleasure 
In  love,  has  a  taste  like  a  hog ; 
For  no  girl  can  give  better  measure 
Of  joj's,  than  my  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

*  The  corrected  version  reads :  — 

"  When  she  smiles  on  each  guest,  like  her  liquor." 


"  Those  who  toast  all  the  family  Royal 
In  bumpers  of  Hogan  andrNog, 
Can't  have  hearts  more  true,  nor  more  loyal, 
Than  mine  is  for  sweet  Mollj'  Mog." 
[These  two  stanzas  were  added  to  the  song  in  Pope  and 
Swift's  Miscellanies,  1727,  as  the  eighth  and  thirteenth.] 


"  Sir.  —  Since  by  publishing  3Iolly  3Iog  you've  set  the 
whole  town  to  Crambo,  I  presume  you'll  not  take  amiss 
the  following  lines,  remembering  in  excuse  of  the  sense, 
what  Hudibras  somewhere  says, 

" '  And  they  who  wrote  in  rhj'me  still  make 
The  one  verse  for  the  other's  sake ; 
For,  one  for  sense,  and  one  for  rhyme, 
I  think's  sufficient  at  one  time.' 

"  Sir,  your  admirer  and  humble  servant, 
«'J.  C." 
"  Honest  Nat,  I  prithee  review 
The  poetical  decalogue 
Between  an  Uncle  and  Nephew 
On  the  charms  of  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

"  It  was  strange  when  they  pump'd  for  rhyme. 
They  should  miss  in  their  long  catalogue 
Of  a  word  whose  sounding  would  chime 
With  the  name  of  sweet  Molly  Mog. 

"  I  suppose  the  authors  will  stare ; 
But  the  word  I  mean  is  a  hog, 
The  flesh  of  which,  I  dare  swear, 
Has  oft  fed  vour  fair  MoUv  Mog." 


"  Mr.  Mist.  —  If  the  following  lines  may  gain  admit- 
tance in  your  next  journal,  you  will  highly  oblige  some 
of  j'our  constant  readers,  and  particularly  your  humble 
servant,  T.  H. 

" '  The  lovely  fair  Phillis  I  prize, 

I'll  be  bound  to  be  stuck  like  a  hog. 
Has  charms  in  her  wondrous  eyes 
That  are  wanting  in  fam'd  Molly  Mog. 

" '  Then  Phillis  my  toast  shall  be  still. 
In  a  glass  of  the  best  Norwich  Nog; 
For  whatever  befal  me,  I  will 
Prefer  Phillis  before  MoUj'  Mog.' " 

Molli/  Mog  was  printed  as  Swift's  in  the  edition 
of  his  Worhs  edited  by  Thomas  Sheridan  and 
John  Nichols,  1801,  vol.  xvi.  p.  438.;  but  omitted 
in  Faulkner's  edition,  1735,  and  Sir  Walter 
Scott's,  1824.  It  is  not  to  be  found  in  any  edi- 
tion of  Gay's  Wo7-ks  anterior  to  the  year  1773 ; 
nor  can  I  discover  any  allusion  to  him  as  its  author 
before  its  appearance  in  his  collected  Works,  pub- 
lished by  John  Bell,  near  Exeter  Change,  in  the 
Strand,  1773.  On  the  publication  of  this  edition, 
a  writer  in  The  Monthly  Review  (xlix.  337.),  find- 
ing it  contained  several  poems  attributed  to  Gay 
which  had  never  before  appeared  in  his  Worhs, 
cavilled  at  the  bookseller  for  having  reprinted 
these  fugitive  anonymous  pieces.  The  maledic- 
tion invoked  on  the  hapless  publisher  may  be 
quoted  as  a  warning  to  others  :  — 

"  The  industry  of  the  bookseller,  his  great  love  and 
affection  for  whatever  was  the  production  of  men  of  ge- 
nius, must  plead  his  excuse,  while  he  ransacks,  if  not 
their  verj'  urns,  at  least  the  dormitories  of  their  departed 
offspring,  and  out  of  the  purest  and  most  disinterested 
zeal,  drags  into  day- light  what  they  would  have  wished 


2"'J  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


175 


to  be  buried  in  endless  oblivion.  May  the  graves  of  such 
booksellers  be  for  ever  danced  upon  bj-  printers'  devils ! 
and  may  the  rage  of  ten  thousand  hungry'  authors  de- 
scend upon  their  heads!  May  their  kitchens  be  eternally 
pestered  with  Scotch  translators,  and  fifty  female  authors 
pour  their  novels  in  their  ears !  " 

May  the  worthy  Aldine  publishers  escape  this 
terrible  visitation ! 

The  history  of  Bell's  edition  is  soon  told.  lu 
1773,  Isaac  Reed  having  several  pieces  by  Gay  not 
found  in  his  collected  Works,  and  wishing  to  help 
a  necessitous  relative  named  John  Bailey,  de- 
sired hina  to  offer  them  to  Mr.  Bell,  and  turn 
them  to  the  best  account  he  could.  Bell  pur- 
chased them,  and  handed  them  over  to  the  editor 
of  his  edition,  who,  not  content  with  the  additional 
pieces  furnished  by  Isaac  Reed,  appears  to  have 
ransacked  the  Miscellanies  and  various  Collections 
for  others  supposed  to  have  been  written  by  Gay. 
Among  the  doubtful  pieces  inserted  in  this  edition 
may  be  mentioned  the  following:  1.  An  Elegiac 
Epistle  to  a  Friend.  2.  A  Ballad  on  Ale.  3. 
Gondibert.  4.  The  Story  of  Cephisa.  5.  The 
Man-Mountain's  Answer  to  the  Lilliputian  Verses. 
It  is  not  proved  to  certainty  that  the  poem  en- 
titled Wine  is  by  Gay,  although  it  is  attributed  to 
him  by  Aaron  Hill  (Works,  edit.  1754,  i.  325.), 
who  says  that  it  was  printed  in  1710.  It  ap- 
peared, as  stated  by  G.  T.  Q.  (ante,  p.  145.), 
two  years  earlier:  "London:  Printed  for  William 
Keble,  at  the  Black-Spread  Eagle  in  Westminster 
Hall,  MDCCviii."  [22  May]  fol.  8  leaves,  and  is  ad- 
vertised in  The  Daily  Courant  of  that  date.  All 
these  doubtful  pieces,  as  well  as  Molly  Mog,  are 
omitted  in  the  trade  edition  of  Gay's  Poems,  2 
vols.  12  mo.  1775  ;  but  Bell's  edition  appears  to 
have  been  made  the  text  for  all  the  subsequent 
editions  of  the  poet's  v/orks.  J.  Yeowell. 


Your  correspondent  M.  M.  (2.)  asks,  who  was 
the  writer  of  "  Molly  Mog"  ?  when  was  it  first 
published  ?  and  observes  that  it  was  not  pub- 
lished in  Faulkner's  edition  of  Swift's  Works, 
"  which  the  Dean,  it  is  believed,  superintended." 
Neither  M.  M.  (2.),  or  the  other  correspondents 
who  have  discussed  the  subject  in  your  pages, 
appear  to  be  aware  that  there  is  the  best  possible 
evidence  that  the  ballad  was  not  written  by  Swift, 
and  that  the  editors  who  afterwards  attributed  it  to 
Gay  were  right.  Swift,  In  hxsjeu  cC esprit  on  Dr. 
Sheridan,  called  the  History  of  the  Second  Solomon, 
says :  — 

"  Solomon  had  published  a  humorous  ballad  called 
'  Balyspellin,' "  &c.  "  The  ballad  was  in  '  the  manner  of 
Mr.  Gay's  on  Molly  Mog,'  " 

This  was  written  in  1729,  three  years  after 
"  Molly  Mog"  was  first  published.  The  ballad 
attracted  more  attention  perhaps  than  any  other 
piece  in  the  Miscellanies  of  Pope  and  Swift,  1727, 
— indeed,  before  its  appearance  there,  it  had  be- 


come a  fashionable  amusement  to  write  imitations 
of  its  peculiar  bouts  rimes.  Arbuthnot  writes  to 
Swift,  8th  Nov.  1726,  that  Lady  Harvey  was  "  in 
a  little  sort  of  a  miff  about  a  ballad  that  was  wrote 
on  her  to  the  tune  of  '  Molly  Mog.' "  It  is  im- 
possible with  all  this  to  suppose  that  Swift  could 
be  mistaken  as  to  its  authorship. 

Some  of  your  correspondents  seem  to  think 
that  the  poem  must  have  been  written  before 
1715,  when  Pope  left  Binfield;  but  Molly  must 
have  been  very  young  then.  Pope  certainly  kept 
up  relations  with  the  Doncastles  at  Binfield  long 
after  he  left  there,  and  would  probably  visit  them 
on  some  of  his  frequent  journeys  into  the  West  of 
England,  which  he  generally  made  in  company 
with  friends.  It  might  have  been  on  one  of  these 
journeys  that  he  stayed  at  the  "Rose"  in  Oak- 
ingham  with  Gay,  and  hence  the  ballad.  At  all 
events,  we  have  no  evidence  of  its  existence  till 
1726,  when  it  suddenly  appeared,  and  had  what 
we  should  now  call  "  a  great  run."  Gay  collected 
and  published  his  poems  in  two  volumes  quarto, 
in  the  summer  of  1720 ;  but  "Molly  Mog"  is  not 
there.  He  never,  I  think,  published  another  col- 
lection—  certainly  not  after  1726.  Hence  no 
doubt  the  honour  due  to  the  author  of  "Molly 
Mog"  has  gone  a-begging  to  this  day. 

W.  MoY  Thomas. 


There  is  another  obituary  record  besides  that 
quoted  in  M.  M.'s  Note  which  strengthens  the 
inference  that  the  statements  of  Lysons  and  the 
Quarterly  Review  are  incorrect.  It  appeared  in 
llie  London  Daily  Post  of  Thursday,  October  21st, 
1736,  and  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  A  few  days  since  died  at  Oakingham  in  Berks,  Mr. 
Mogg,  who  kept  the  Eose  Inn  there  several  Years  with 
great  Reputation ;  he  was  Father  of  Molly  Mogg,  on 
whom  the  famous  Song  was  made." 

W.  H.  Husk. 


I,   JOHN    V.    7. 

(2°«  S.  viii.  87.) 

The  Vatican  MS.  mentioned  in  the  British 
Quarterly  Revieio  for  October,  1858,  is  the  cele- 
brated one  which  contests  with  that  at  Cambridge 
the  palm  of  antiquity  and  authority  for  the  Greek 
text  of  the  Old  and  New  Testaments.  The  latter 
is  referred  to  by  the  letter  A,  and  the  term  Alex- 
andrine, by  Griesbach  and  other  critics.  The 
former  is  referred  to  by  the  letter  B,  or  Vatican, 
1209.  Amelotte  asserted  that  it  contained  1 
John  V.  7.,  but  falsely.  (Michaelis,  ii.  viii.  s.  6. 
p.  343.,  Marsh.) 

The  following  are  the  only  known  Greek  MSS. 
which  contain  this  verse.  I.  That  which  is  num- 
bered 180.,  and  termed  Montfortianus  and  Dub- 
linensis ;  probably  the  same  as  that  which  Erasmus 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<i  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59. 


entitled  Britannicus,  noted  61.  in  the  first  part  of 
Wetstein's  New  Testament,  in  the  second  40.,  and 
in  the  third  34.  It  contains  the  whole  of  the 
New  Testament,  but  is  written  in  a  modern  hand, 
and  is  probably  of  the  sixteenth  century.  The 
leaves  are  of  thick  glazed  paper,  which  Ycard 
mistook  for  vellum.  It  is  preserved  in  the  library 
of  Trinity  College  in  Dublin,  marked  G  97.  A 
facsimile  is  given  of  the  verse  from  this  MS.  by 
Bruns  (Eichhorn's  Repertorium,  iii.  260.),  and  by 
Bishop  Burgess,  I  think.  It  is  justly  objected  to 
this  reading  that  it  is  ungrammatical,  the  articles 
before  the  words  irar^p,  \6yos  and  Trvev/xa.  aywv  being 
omitted,  and  the  words  iv  r^  yfi  being  used  instead 
of  iirl  Trjs  77)y,  and  that  it  omits  the  words  koI  ol 
rpus  €is  rb  eV  elaiv  (and  these  three  are  one).  II. 
The  MS.  of  the  New  Testament,  No.  195.,  en- 
titled Ravii  or  Berolinensis  (No.  110.  in  Wet- 
stein)  :  — 

"  The  very  learned  and  sagacious  La  Croze,"  says  Mi- 
chaelis  (n.  viii.  s.  6.  p.  294.),  "  who  being  librarian  in 
Berlin,  had  this  MS.  frequently  in  his  hands,  and  was 
able  to  examine  the  subject  with  the  utmost  precision, 
maintains  that  it  is  the  work  of  an  impostor,  written  long 
after  the  invention  of  printing,  even  so  late  as  the  seven- 
teenth century,  and  copied  from  the  Complutensian  Bible. 
Even  the  errors  of  the  press  are  copied  in  this  MS." 

in.  A  MS.  of  the  First  Epistle  of  John,  No.  131., 
entitled  Guelpherbytanus  D.  (Michaelis,  ii.  viii. 
s.  6.  p.  263.).  Under  the  Greek  text  is  written, 
1.  the  translation  of  Castalio  ;  2.  the  Latin  trans- 
lation of  the  Syriac  text ;  3.  the  Vulgate ;  4.  the 
translations  of  Erasmus,  Vatablus,  and  Beza.  It 
was  written  in  the  seventeenth  century,  and,  in 
the  opinion  of  Michaelis,  is  entitled  neither  to  a 
collation  nor  a  description.  IV.  The  Codex  Otto- 
bonianus,  No.  298.  in  the  Vatican  library,  which 
was  first  collated  by  Dr.  Scholz  for  his  new  edi- 
tion of  the  Greek  Testament.  This  MS.  is  of  the 
fifteenth  century,  and  has  been  altered,  according 
to  Scholz,  in  many  places,  to  make  it  harmonise 
with  the  Latin  Vulgate.  Cardinal  Wiseman  sup- 
plied Home  with  a  facsimile  for  the  last  edition 
of  his  Introduction  (Wright's  Appendix  to  Seller's 
Hermeneutics,  p.  616.).  I  will  only  add  that  its 
existence  in  the  Latin  Vulgate  dates  probably 
from  the  end  of  the  fifth  century,  and  that  Vigi- 
lius,  Bishop  of  Thapsus  in  Africa,  the  supposed 
author  of  the  (so  called)  Athanasian  Creed,  had  a 
hand  in  its  introduction  either  as  a  gloss  or  part 
of  the  text  (Wright,  p.  628.).  T.  J.  Buckton. 
Lichfield. 


C.  J.  Hare's  Orthographical  Peculiarities  (2°^ 
S.  viii.  129.)  —  A  correspondent,  S.  S.  S.,  asks, 
^'  Did  the  late  C.  J.  Hare,  in  any  of  his  publi- 
cations, give  his  reason  for  deviating  from  the 
usual  mode  of  spelling  words,  e.  g.  preacht.,  v^urpt, 
&c.  ?" 


I  answer.  Yes,  in  several  places;  but  most  fully, 
perhaps,  in  an  article  in  the  first  volume  of  the 
(Cambridge)  Philological  Museum  (1832),  "  On 
English  Orthography." 

The  general  purport  of  Mr.  Hare's  remarks  is 
this  :  —  That  preacht,  usurpt,  and  the  like  are 
really  the  English  preterites  of  preach,  usurp,  &c., 
as  appears  by  this,  that  we  pronounce  the  words 
so,  even  when  written  preached,  usurped.  That 
the  cause  of  persons  so  writing  them  is  an  igno- 
rant propensity  to  make  verbs  uniform  in  appear- 
ance which  are  different  in  reality,  and  is  a  practice 
contrary  to  the  authority  of  our  best  writers  in 
former  generations.  The  whole  article  is  able  and 
interesting. 

With  regard  to  your  correspondent's  other 
Query,  "  Did  Horsley  ever  say  why  he  adopted 
the  antique  form  of  the  preterite  of  to  lead,  to 
read,  &c.,  viz.  ledde,  redde  ?" 

I  cannot  at  present  turn  to  the  passage,  but  the 
reason  in  the  case  of  redde  is  obvious  enough,  viz. 
to  distinguish  the  preterite  from  the  present  read. 
In  the  common  spelling  there  is  no  possibility  of 
knowing  whether  I  read  is  present  or  past.  We 
might,  indeed,  make  the  preterite  I  red,  like  I  led; 
nor  is  it  probable  that  any  ambiguity  would  arise 
from  red  the  adjective.  Lord  Byron  in  his  letters 
used  redde. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  suggest  a  way 
of  distinguishing,  in  pronunciation,  the  preterites 
of  I  ride  and  I  row  ?  or  the  vegetables  furze  and 
firs  ?  W.  W. 

Conf.  Amenities  of  Literature  (D'Israeli),  vol.  ii. 
p.  25.,  last  edition  :  — 

"  That  a  language  should  be  written  as  it  is  spoken  has 
been  considered  desirable  by  the  most  intelligent  scholars. 
Some  have  laudably  persevered  in  writing  the  past  tense 
red  as  a  distinction  from  the  present  read,  and  anciently  I 
have  found  it  printed  redde.  Lord  Byron  has  even  re- 
tained the  ancient  mode  in  his  Diarv." 

H.  S.  G. 

Torture  (2"*  S.  vi.  432.)  —  The  Query,  Was 
torture  ever  allowed  by  the  laws  of  England  ? 
admits  of  a  ready  answer.  It  was  never  allowed 
by  the  laws  of  England,  but  it  was  inflicted  in 
England  from  the  reign  of  Henry  Vt.  to  the 
reign  of  Charles  I.,  both  inclusive,  by  virtue  of 
what  was  then  considered  the  royal  prerogative, 
which  at  that  period  was  also  considered  to  be 
above  the  law. 

It  was  inflicted  by  order  of  the  Privy  Council, 
and  as  the  books  of  the  Privy  Council  commence 
in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  no  earlier  torture 
warrants  have  been  discovered.  Mr.  Jardine,  the 
Recorder  of  Bath,  and  one  of  the  magistrates  of 
the  Police  Court  at  Bow  Street,  has  in  his  ad- 
mirable work,  A  Reading  on  Torture,  shown  fifty- 
five  instances  of  the  infliction  of  torture.  I  say 
instances,  because  in  one  instance  ten  persons  are 
included  in  one  warrant.     The  warrants  bear  the 


2»-s.viii.,AuG.27.'69.]  ^OTES  AND  QUERIES. 


177 


signatures  of  Ministers  of  State,  Lord  Chancel- 
lors, Lord  Keepers,  Lord  Chief  justices,  and  one 
Archbishop  (Whitgift)  ;  and  Lord  Coke,  who,  in 
Lis  Third  Institute,  denounces  torture  as  unlawful 
by  the  laws  of  England,  signed  torture  warrants 
as  a  Privy  Councillor  under  the  supposed  prero- 
gative of  the  Crown. 

These  warrants  were  directed  in  most  instances 
to  the  Attorney  and  Solicitor- General,  sometimes 
to  the  Recorder  of  London,  and  sometimes  to 
Doctors  of  Civil  Law. 

In  Scotland  torture  was  allowed  by  law  until 
its  abolition  at  the  Union  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Anne ;  and  the  last  torture  warrant  that  I  am 
aware  of  is  signed  with  the  sign  manual  of  King 
William  III.,  and  is  dated  at  Kensington  Palace, 
and  is  for  the  torturing  of  Navill  Pain.  It  is 
printed  in  a  note  in  the  State  Trials^  vol.  x.  p.  753. 

F.  A.  Cabbington. 
Ogbourne  St.  George. 

Blodius  (2°'^  S.  vii.  317.)  — Blodius  or  Blodeus, 
for  it  is  spelt  both  ways,  is  neither  gules  nor  azure, 
but  the  tincture  called  sanguine.  Du  Cange  de- 
rives it  from  the  Anglo-Saxon  Mod,  the  root  of 
our  word  blood,  and  gives  several  examples  of  its 
use  in  both  methods  of  spelling.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Qualitied:  Fausens  (2"*  S.  viii.  130.)  —  The 
word  qualitied,  though  of  rare  occurrence,  is  not 
peculiar  to  Chapman,  an  example  of  its  use  being 
cited  by  Richardson  from  Hales,  1618  :  "  He  was 
not  so  ill  qualitied." 

There  seems  little  doubt  that  the  learned  editor 
of  Chapman's  Iliads,  1857,  is  quite  correct  in  ex- 
plaining the  now  almost  unknown  yvordf auseiis  as 
a  kind  of  eel ;  at  least  if  we  may  accept  the  au- 
thority of  dictionaries,  in  the  absence  of  any 
example  save  Chapman's. 

"  Anguilla  ....  An."  [  Anglicfe]  **  Eele.  Apud  eosdem 
prcegrandis  fausen  eele,  minima  grigge,  media  scaffling  di- 
citur."   Junius,  Nomenclator  Oetilinguis,  1619. 

"Fausen  ....  der  Meeraal"  (the  sea- eel  or  conger). 
Hilpert. 

"  Fausen  ....  eine  Gattung  grosser  Aah  "  (a  sort  of 
large  eels).    Ebers.  • 

"  Fausen.  Ridero  Prffigrandis  piscis  h,  genere  Angvil- 
larum."    Skinner. 

To  this  we  may  add  that  the  Homeric  word 
which  Chapman  renders  fausens  is  iyx^^ves  (eels). 

Althougli  the  derivation  of  fausen  from  the 
Latin  falx,  which  is  suggested  by  Skinner,  may 
at  first  sight  appear  unsatisfactory,  there  are 
reasons  for  viewing  it  with  favour.  Falx  became 
in  French  and  in  old  English  fauchon,  which  is 
not  very  far  from  fausen.  And  as  fauchon  was  a 
sort  of  sword  (falchion),  it  should  also  be  borne  in 
mind  that  the  names  of  other  warlike  implements 
were  formerly  applied  to  eels,  &c.,  e.g.  *' Sand- 
eels  or  launces."  (Ray,  Synopsis  Methodica  Pis. 
cium,  1713,  p.  38.)    The  sword-fish,  again,  appears 


in  various  languages,  as  schwerdtfisch,  epee  de  mer, 
gladius,  xiphias  espadon,  spuda  at  Venice,  and  in 
Italy  generally  pesce  spado.  And  Willughby,  as 
cited  by  the  learned  commentator  on  Chapman, 
"  mentions  an  anguilliform  fish  found  at  Venice 
called  a  falx,  a  worthless  kind  of  eel."  So  fausen 
may  very  possibly  be  only  another  form  of  the  old 
ISinglish  fauchon,  from  falx.  Thomas  Bors. 

P.S.  May  we  not  conjecture,  under  all  the  cir- 
cumstances, that  the  (a^reek  tyx^^^h  a"  6^1,  is 
connected  with  eyxos,  a  spear,  javelin,  arrow,  or 
sword  ? 

"  Then  push  about  the  flowing  bowl"  (2°''  S.  viii. 
128.)  — The  song  quoted  by  your  Geelong  corre- 
spondent is  a  vile  version  of  one  of  Joanna  Baillie's 
spirited  songs  written  for  George  Thomson's 
(Burns's  Thomson)  Collection  of  Irish  Melodies. 

The  air  is  very  beautiful  ;  the  symphonies  and 
accompaniments  were  composed  by  Beethoven.    I 
subjoin  the  correct  words  :  — 
1. 
"  Come  form  *  we  round  a  cheerful  ring, 
And  broach  the  foaming  ale : 
And  let  the  merrj'  maiden  sing, 
The  beldame  tell  her  tale. 

2. 

"  And  let  the  sightless  harper  sit 
The  blazing  faggot  near ; 
And  let  the  jester  vent  his  wit, 
The  nurse  her  bantling  cheer. 

3. 

"  Who  shakes  the  door  with  angrj'  din, 
And  would  admitted  be  ? 
No !  Gossip  Winter,  snug  within 
We  have  no  room  for  thee. 

4. 
"  Go,  scud  it  o'er  Killarney's  lake, 
And  shake  the  willows  bare, 
Where  water  elves  their  pastime  take, 
Thou'lt  find  thy  comrades  there. 

"  Will  o'  the  Wisp  skips  in  the  dell, 
The  owl  hoots  on  the  tree ; 
They  hold  their  nightly  vigil  well, 
And  so  the  while  will  we. 

6. 
«  Then  strike  we  up  the  rousing  glee, 
And  pass  the  beaker  round, 
Till  every  head  right  merrily 
Is  moving  to  the  .sound." 

J.  N. 
Liverpool. 

St.  Dominie  (2"«  S.  viii.  117. 135.)— Your  cor- 
respondent may  find  the  information  which  he 
seeks  in  a  folio  De  Origine  et  Progressu  Officii 
sanctce  Inquisitionis,  ejusque  Dignitate  et  Utilitate, 
by  Paramus,  or  L.  a  Paramo  (Madrid,  1598). 
Paramus,  who  is  usually  cited  as  an  authority, 

*  Altered  to  draic,  to  suit  the  music. 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIE% 


[2'xi  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '5?. 


expresses  himself  without  hesitation  on  the  subject 
of  S.  Dominic,  and  the  fact  of  his  having  held  and 
exercised  the  office  not  only  of  a  missionary,  but  of 
an  inquisitor.  The  second  chapter  of  the  work 
treats  expressly  "  De  primo  Inquisitore  Generali ;" 
and  amongst  the  headings  of  this  chapter  are  the 
following:  "1.  Beatus  Dominicus  primus  Inqui- 
sitor Generalis  fuit;"  and  "5.  Beatus  Dominicus 
severe  hcereticos  punit." 

A  question,  indeed,  is  raised  respecting  the  date 
of  S.  Dominic's  appointment,  which  another  Spa- 
nish writer.  Doctor  J.  L.  de  Salcedo,  believed  to 
have  been  as  early  as  the  year  1200,  but  which  L. 
H  Paramo  makes  1216.  "  E.x  his  apparet  sanctum 
Dominicum  anno  1216  fuisse  Inquisitorem  crea- 
tum,"  p.  95.  (B.  1170,  D.  1221.) 

A  question  has  also  been  raised,  whether  the 
inquisition  began  with  S.  Dominic,  or  existed  pre- 
viously. Of  this  difficulty  the  following  appears 
to  be  the  true  solution.  There  was  the  "  delegata 
■  Inquisitio,"  which,  coming  direct  from  the  Pope, 
was  also  called  "  Apostolica ;"  and  which,  accord- 
ing to  Paramus,  S.  Dominic  was  the  first  to 
receive;  but  there  were  also  ^^regidares  Inqui- 
sitiones"  which  were  of  much  older  date,  and 
belonged  to  the  Bishops  ex  officio :  "  Est  enim  hsec 
potestas  inquirendi  Episcopali  dignitati  annexa," 
p.  89.  It  was  found,  however,  that  the  official  or 
regular  inquisition  was  by  no  means  sufficiently 
brisk ;  it  therefore  became  necessary  for  the  Pope 
to  appoint  his  own  delegates.  "  Tamen  quibus- 
dam  Episcopis  negligentibus,  tam  salutiferum  hoc 
officium  exercere,  quibusdam  autem  ob  diversa 
alia  negotia  impeditis,  Summi  Pontifices  matura 
deliberatione  decreverunt  viros  doctos  et  Catho- 
licos  eligi,  qui  tanquam  Apostolicse  sedis  delegati, 
hoc  tam  sanctum  munus  exercerent,"  p.  89. — And 
of  these  delegates,  S.  Dominic  was  the  first : — 
"  Hoc  autem  officium  delegates  Inquisitionis  primus 
Generalis  Inquisitor  Apostolica  autoritate  exercuit 
Beatus  Pater  Dominicus  ordinis  Prasdicatorum 
djgnissimus  institutor,"  p.  95.  Search  all  autho- 
rities, says  Paramus;  but  you  will  find  that  S. 
Dominic  was  the  first.  "  NuUam  tamen  de  Apos- 
tolico  Inquisitore,  nuUam  de  sancto  officio  fieri 
mentionem  ante  S.  Dominici  tempus  reperietur," 
p.  96.  Thomas  Boys. 

John  Lord  Cutis  (2"*  S.  vlii.  132.) A  large 

number  of  letters  from  this  brave  and  distin- 
guished officer  to  the  second  Duke  of  Ormonde 
arepreserved  amongst  the  Ormonde  Manuscripts 
in  the  Muniment  Room  of  Kilkenny  Castle. 

James  Graves. 

Kilkenny. 

"  The  Young  Travellers,  or  a  Visit  to  Oxford" 
(2"^  S.  viii.  130.) — I  know  a  copy  of  this  work  in 
which  there  are  many  more  plates  than  two,  of 
well-known  Oxford  characters.  I  cannot  say  at 
present  whether  the  volume  alluded  to  ever  ap- 


peared;  but  shall  be  able  to  find  out  in  a  few 
weeks'  time,  when  the  library  in  which  I  have  met 
with  the  above-mentioned  work  is  re-arranged, 
when  I  will  take  an  opportunity  of  giving  ray 
friend  Cuthbert  Bede  the  information  he  re- 
quires. P.  J.  W. 

Bacon  on  Conversation  (2"^  S.  viii.  108.)— The 
word  conversation  has  a  very  extended  meaning  as 
used  by  Bacon.  He  says:  "Thus  have  I  con- 
cluded this  portion  of  learning  touching  civil 
knowledge ;  and  with  civil  knowledge  have  con- 
cluded human  philosophy ;  and  with  human  phi- 
losophy, philosophy  in  general"  {De  Augmentis, 
viii.  c.  3.)  This  is  written  as  a  summary  of  the 
three  chapters  in  the  Eighth  Book  on  Civil  Know- 
ledge, or  the  Ethics  of  Statesmanship,  divided  into 
(ch.  i.)  the  Doctrine  of  Conversation,  (ch.  ii.)  the 
Doctrine  of  Negociation  or  Business,  and  (ch.  iii.) 
the  Doctrine  of  Government.  Bacon  was  himself 
a  great  master  of  rhetoric ;  and  there  have  been 
preserved  to  our  times  splendid  examples  and  ad- 
mirable treatises  of  Greece  and  Rome  in  this  art, 
accessible  to  Bacon ;  and  to  which,  I  conceive,  he 
referred  when,  on  the  survey  of  what  arts  and 
sciences  had  been  well  or  ill  treated,  he  pro- 
nounced that  the  doctrine  of  conversation  had 
"  been  elegantly  handled,  and  therefore  he  could 
not  report  it  for  deficient."  He  must  have  had  in 
his  mind  Demosthenes,  Aristotle,  and  Cicero  (vi. 
3.)  *  ;  and  could  not  have  excluded  oratory  from 
what  he  terms  "  the  ethics  of  statesmanship,"  and 
as  preliminary  and  ancillary  to  negociation  and 
government.    (Compare  vi.  c.  2.) 

The  equivalent  to  conversation,  in  its  usual 
modern  sense,  is  in  Bacon  "  talk,  discourse,  speech 
of  conversation,"  and  "speech  of  interlocution" 
{Essays,  xxxii.  Discourse.)  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

Bibliographical  Queries  (2"^  S.  viii.  128.) — An 
inquirer,  J.  C.  G.  L.,  wishes  to  know  where  he 
can  find  a  list  of  the  works  of  St.  Bonaventure. 
The  following  account  is  given  by  Alban  Butler 
in  a  note  to  nis  Life  of  that  great  saint,  who  so 
well  merited  the  title  of  the  "  Seraphic  Doctor,'* 
and  whom  even  Luther  styled  "  praestantissimus 
vir."  His  works  fill  eight  volumes  in  folio.  The 
first  two  contain  his  Commentaries  on  the  Holy 
Scriptures  ;  the  third,  his  sermons  and  panegyrics ; 
the  fourth  and  fifth,  his  comments  on  the  Master 
of  the  Sentences ;  and  the  last  three  his  lesser 
treatises,  of  which  some  are  doctrinal,  others  re- 
gard the  duties  of  a  religious  state,  others  general 
subjects  of  piety,  especially  the  mysteries  of 
Christ  and  the  Blessed  Virgin.  Some  of  his  trea- 
tises are  the  following :  Pharetra,  a  collection  of 
devout   sentiments  from  the  Holy  Fathers ;    an 


*  He  names  Xenophon,  Cicero,  Seneca,  Plutarch,  and 
Plato,  as  having  adorned  philosophy  with  elocution  {De 
Avg.  i.). 


2«'»  S.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


179 


Office  of  the  Passion  of  Christ,  compiled  for  St. 
Louis ;  On  the  Government  of  the  Soul ;  Medita- 
tions for  each  Day  in  the  Week ;  Brevioloquium ; 
Itinerarium  Mentis  in  Deum ;  On  the  Poverty  of 
the  Lord  Jesus  ;  The  Life  of  St.  Francis ;  and  The 
Life  of  Christ ;  Mi?'ror  of  the  Virgin.  St.  Bona- 
venture  died  during  the  Council  of  Lyons  in  1274 ; 
therefore  the  statement  that  a  portion  of  his  works 
was  finished  in  1484  is  sadly  incorrect.     F.  C.  H. 

Gaimtlope  (2"^  S.  viii.  132.) — Mr.  Ingram,  one 
of  the  survivors  of  the  wreck  of  the  Royal  George 
in  1782,  who  died  within  these  few  years  at 
Woodford,  near  Berkeley,  in  Gloucestershire, 
told  me  that  he  had  seen  sailors  on  board  the 
king's  ships  "run  the  gauntlope"  in  several  in- 
stances. His  description  of  it  accorded  exactly 
with  that  ante  p.  132. ;  but  he  added  that,  to  pre- 
vent the  patient  going  too  fast,  the  ship's  corporal 
walked  before  him  with  his  drawn  cutlas  under 
his  arm,  with  the  point  backwards ;  and  that  he 
had  seen  one  man,  in  his  too  great  eagerness  to 
escape  the  switches,  press  too  forward,  and  get  a 
scratch  from  the  point  of  the  corporal's  cutlas. 

F.  A.  Caekington. 
Ogbourne  St.  George. 

Etoccetum  (2°"*  S.  vli.  256.) — The  derivation  of 
this  name  of  a  Roman  station  from  the  Greek 
(tokoItohv,  "  the  year's  rest,"  is  the  equivalent  to 
071711  quies  mentioned  by  Tacitus  (Agricola,  18.)  as 
the  "  year's  rest "  which  the  Roman  soldiers  had 
assured  themselves  of,  but  which  he  characterises 
as  "  a  heavy  obstacle,  and  very  discouraging  to 
one"  who,  like  Agricola,  "  was  commencing  war  " 
("tarda  et  contraria  bellum  inchoaturo").  At 
this  period  (a.d.  78)  the  Greek  language  was 
very  common  in  Rome ;  and  it  is  not  improbable 
that  Agricola,  the  father-in-law  of  Tacitus,  may 
have  imposed  this  name,  Etoccetum,  on  the  Roman 
station  at  Wall  in  Staffordshire.     T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

Quotation  Wanted  (2°'^  S.  v.  358.)—  The  quo- 
tation 

"  Nomina  si  nescis,  perit  et  cognitio  rerum," 
or  better  — 

"  Nomina  si  pereant,  perit  et  cognitio  rerum," 

I  have  seen  ascribed  to  Linnaeus.     It  occurred  in 

association  with  another  sentiment  of  Linnaeus's  : 

"  Primus  gradus  sapientiaj  est  res  ipsas  nosse." 

OZMOND. 

Quotation  Wanted  (2°^  S.  viii.  69.  119.)  —  The 
passage  in  Tillotson  is  taken  from  Hobbes,  who 
says,  "  Setting  themselves  against  reason,  as  oft 
as  reason  is  against  them."  {Works,  iii.  p.  91.  ed. 
1839).  And  again,  "In  which  as  oft  as  reason  is 
against  a  man,  so  oft  will  a  man  be  against  reason." 
(Epistle  Dedicatory  to  Tripos,  Human  Nature, 
Works,  iv.  xiii.)  T.  J.  Buckton. 


Memoirs  of  Sir  Eobt.  Peel,  Bart.,  M.P.  (2°'^  S. 
viii.  146.)  —  Your  correspondent  F.  G.  is  referred 
to  the  following  biographical  works  relating  to 
the  late  statesman,  namely  :  — 

"  Life  and  Times  of  Sir  R.  Peel.  By  Dr.  W.  C.  Taylor. 
3  vols.  8vo.    London,  1846-8." 

"  Sir  Robt.  Peel  as  Statesman  and  Orator.  8vo.  Lon- 
don, 1846." 

"  Reflections  suggested  by  the  Career  of  the  late  Pre- 
mier.   8vo.    Edinburgh,  1847." 

"  Opinions  of  Sir  Robt.  Peel  expressed  in  Parliament 
and  in  Public.  With  Biographical  Memoir.  12mo. 
London,  1850." 

"  A  Personal  Sketch  of  Sir  Robt.  Peel  as  a  Parliamen- 
tary Speaker  and  Party-leader.  By  Capt.  H.  Martin. 
8vo.    Hamb.,  1850." 

"  Life,  Political  Career  and  Death  of  Sir  Robt.  Peel. 
(Authentic  Edition.)     8vo.    London,  1850." 

"  The  Life  of  the  lit.  Hon.  Sir  Robt.  Peel.  8vo.  Lou- 
don, 1850." 

"  In  Morte  di  R.  Peel,  (an  Ode)  preceduta  da  al- 
cuni  Frammenti  Biografici,  e  seguita  da  una  Versione 
Letterale  Inglese.  Bv  Luigi  Pozzolini.  8vo.  Livorno. 
1850." 

"  The  late  Sir  Robt.  Peel.  A  Critical  Biography.  (Re- 
printed with  Additions  from  Fraser's  Mag.)  By  G.  II. 
Francis.     16mo.    London,  1852." 

"The  Political  Life  of  Sir  Robt.  Peel.  By  Thos. 
Doubleday.    2  vols.  8vo.    Edinburgh,  1856." 

There  is  a 

"  Life  of  the  Right  Honourable  Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bart., 
as  Subject  and  Citizen,  as  Legislator  and  Minister,  as 
Patron  of  Learning  and  the  Arts.  With  a  Portrait  by 
William  Harvey." 

A  new  edition,  stated  to  contain  "  numerous 
alterations  and  additions,"  was  published  by  Rout- 
ledge  &  Co.  in  1853.  M. 

Edinburgh. 

Illoques  (2"^  S.  viii.  146.) — Hloeqes  is  Norman 
French  for  "there."  Illoques  —  illoques  is  "there 
—  there."     Is  "Halloo"  a  corruption  of  illoques? 

L.  B.  L. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,  ETC. 

An  Introduction  to  the  Evidences  of  Cliristlanity.  By 
J.  0.  Halliwell,  F.R.S.     Second  Edition.     (Longmans.) 

A  very  thoughtful  and  well-considered  manual ;  indi- 
cating on  the  part  of  its  author  a  careful  study  of  the 
most  ancient  monuments  of  Christianity,  and  a  just  ap- 
preciation of  those  objections  to  its  truth  which  carry 
most  force  at  the  present  day.  We  heartily  welcome  Mr. 
Halliwell  into  this  new  field  of  labour. 

The  Invasion  of  Britain  by  Julius  Ccesar.  By  Thomas 
Lewin,  Esq.,  M.A.    (Longmans.) 

That  the  earliest  recorded  incident  in  the  history  of 
these  islands  —  their  invasion  by  Julius  Cassar  —  should 
from  time  to  time  excite  the  curiosity  and  employ  the 
learned  leisure  of  scholars,  cannot  be  matter  of  surprise. 
VVithin  these  few  j'ears  the  Astronomer  Royal  has  con- 
tributed to  the  Archaologia  a  most  valuable  paper,  in 
which  he  sought  to  show  that  Cassar  sailed  from  the 
estuary  of  the  Somrae  and  landed  at  Pevensey ;  and  we 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Aug.  27.  '59. 


have  here  before  us  a  learned  and  ingenious  Essay,  which 
will,  we  doubt  not,  carry  conviction  to  the  minds  of 
many  readers  that  Caesar  sailed  from  Boulogne  and  landed 
oii  the  western  side  of  the  Creek  of  Limne,  We  ought  to 
add  that  Mr.  Lewin's  Essay  is  well  illustrated,  and  that 
the  thanks  which  he  bestows  on  his  relative,  Mrs.  S. 
Lewin,  for  the  time  and  pains  bestowed  on  such  illustra- 
tions is  very  justly  deserved. 

3farco  Griffi,  the  Italian  Patriot.  By  Mrs.  Webb. 
(Bentley.) 

This  tale  by  Mrs.  Webb,  which  is  in  itself  one  of  great 
interest,  possesses  an  additional  interest  at  the  present 
moment,  when  the  ej'es  of  all  Europe  are  watching  with 
such  intense  anxiety  the  progress  of  events  in  that  fair 
country,  whose  fields  have  lately  been  deluged  with  the 
blood  of  so  many  brave  men  —  blood  which  will  not 
have  been  altogether  shed  in  vain,  if  it  has  contributed, 
however  indirectly,  to  procure  for  the  Italians  that  con- 
stitutional freedom  which  will  at  once  give  Italy  her 
proper  place  among  the  nations  of  Europe,  and  Europe 
one  of  her  best  guarantees  for  future  tranquillity. 

Geology  in  the  Garden ;  or  the  Fossils  in  the  Flint  Peb- 
bles, with  106  Illustrations.  By  the  Rev.  Henry  Eley, 
M.A.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

We  cordially  welcome  whatever  tends  to  make  this 
fascinating  science  more  generally  accessible.  We  may 
now  literally  study  geology  in  our  gardens,  for  Mr.  Eley 
shows  us  that  numberless  beautiful  fossils  are  to  be  found 
in  our  gravel-paths,  and  that  we  may  there  find  convinc- 
ing proofs  of  many  of  those  vast  physical  changes  which 
have  prepared  this  earth  for  its  present  inhabitants. 

"  Under  Government : "  an  official  Key  to  the  Civil  Ser- 
vice of  the  Crown.    By  3.  C.  Parkinson.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

What  "  Burke  "  is  to  the  Peerage,  and  "  Dodd  "  to 
the  politician,  this  useful  compilation,  "Under  Govern- 
ment," will  henceforth  be  to  our  Civil  Service.  All  can- 
didates for  Civil  emploi'ment  under  the  Crown  may  now 
consult  their  "  Parkinson  "  with  a  certainty  of  finding  in 
it  information  on  which  they  may  rely ;  while  those  who 
have  already  passed  that  Rubicon  may  ascertain  from  it 
their  precise  position,  and  their  chances  of  promotion. 

The  Naval  History  of  Great  Britain,  from  the  Declara- 
tion of  War  by  France  in  1793,  to  the  Accession  of  George 
IV.  A  New  Edition,  with  Additions  and  Notes.  By 
William  James.     Vols.  III.  and  IV.    (Bentley.) 

These,  the  Third  and  Fourth  Volumes  of  Mr.  Bentley's 
well-timed  republication  of  James's  national  work,  contain 
the  annals  of  our  navy  during  the  eventful  period  which 
intervened  between  the  years  1800  and  1809,  when 
Strachan,  Duncan,  Collingwood,  St.  Vincent,  and  Nelson, 
were  achieving  those  acts  of  daring  and  skilful  seaman- 
ship which  rendered  the  naval  supremacy  of  England  for 
a  while  so  unquestionable,  that  it  is  to  be  feared  we  have 
since  been  losing  sight  of  the  necessity  of  maintaining  it. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PUSCHASB. 

Particulariof  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  reauired,  and  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  below. 

Timdai.e's  Testament,  by  Tille.    4to. 

Testament  (.Latin  and  English),  by  Redman.    4to.    1538. 

Authorised  Version,  by  Young.    Svo.  Edinb.  1633. 

Authorised  Version.    ITol.    1 B 1 1 . 

Cranmer's  Version.    4to.    1530,  and  any  Folios,  1539,  1540, 

1541. 
Bibles,  Printed  by  Fry  or  Moore  about  1770  to  1780. 
Life  op  Sib  Juhn  Barmard. 

Common  Pbaykr,  1559.    Folio,  and  any  early  editions. 
Tomsom's  Testament,  1576,  and  any  other  Bibles  and  Testaments. 

Wanted  by  Francis  Fi-y,  Cotham,  Bristol. 


fiatitti  ta  CarreSi)0ntr«uW. 

T7ieliev.  TV.  J.  DcaTie's  Paper  On  Erasmus'  First  Visit  to  Oxford,  3fr. 
Hotten'n  Old  English  Booksellers,  Mr.  Macray's  Origin  of  the  Faust 
Legends,  and  other  articles  of  interest  in  our  next, 

T.  L.  Phelps  will  find  dnepraise  given  to  John  Philips^  poem  oy  Cyder 
by  Johnson.  See  ?iia  Lives  of  the  Poets,  edited  by  P.  Cunnvngham,  vol.  ii. 
pp.  26, 27. 

O.  Llotd  will  find  the  probable  source  of  the  custom  to  which  he  refers 
in  an  article  Giottoea  on  St.  James's  Day  t/i  the  very  first  yo.  of"  N. 
&  Q."  1st  S.  i.  5. 

C.  W.  Coioper'a  allusion  is  to  the  Two  Kin^s  of  Brentford,  who,  in 
Act  II.  Sc.  2.  of  The  Behearsal,  enter  "  hand  m  hand,  smelling  at  one 
nosegay." 

J.  R.  TJie  second  volume  of  the  History  of  our  own  Times  was  pub- 
lished in  1845.    TJie  author  is  unknown. 

"Notes  and  Qcbries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Montblt  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (.including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  Us.  id,,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy  ,  186.  Fleet  Street,  E.C;  to  whom 
aXl  Communications  pob  the  Editor  sho^\dd  be  addressed. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

^  ^Ttbhitti  flf  ^utw-€flmiiuiuualioK 

TOB 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  4d.  unstamped ;  or  bd,  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.   190.  —  August  20th. 

NOTES  :  —  Autobiographical  Passage  in  Shakspeare's  "  Tempest,"  by 
D.  D.  Asher —Patron  Saints  — Old  Loudon  Bridge,  by  G.  R.  Cor- 
ner —  Miltoniana,  by  CI.  Hopper. 

MrxoB  Notes  !  — Sundial  with  retro^ading  Shadow— Aged  Bride  and 
Bridegroom  —  Fowling  and  Matrimony  —  Mode  of  celebrating  a 
Birth  —  Jews  in  Oiford,  and  Halls  named  after  them  —  Bonded 
Warehouses. 

QUERIES  :  —  Gay  —Baron  Wratislaw's  Captivity  in  Turkey,  by  A. 
H.  Wratislaw  —  Writers  in  the  Quarterly  Review. 

Minor  Qderies  ;  —  Cokam  or  Coxam  House:  Mr.  Crewe's  Wyrwail, 
Chideok  or  Chadwick  —  "  The  Traveller"  —John  Van  Lewen,  M.D — 
St.  Andrew'sParish,Dublin—IUoquea  — London  Antiquities  — "Tiie 
Complete  Irish  Traveller"  — Dr.  Samuel  Pcgge— Sir  James  Flower,. 
Bart.  —  Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bart.,  &c. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  —  Sir  Charles  Bawdin —  Admiral  Had- 
dock—  Nevinson  — Dr.  Hoadly's  Private  Theatre  —  Hanged,  drawn, 
and  quartered. 

REPLIES:  —  Archbishop  Leighton's  Works,  by  John  N.  Pearson,  &c., 
—  Henry  Smith,  Lecturer  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  by  C.  H.  &  Thomp- 
son Cooper  —  Herbert  Knowles  —  How  the  Lord  High  Chancellor  goes 
to  Westminster,  by  Edward  Foss  —  Mont  St.  Michael,  Normandy. 

Replies  to  Minor  Qctebies:  —  Vincent  Dowling,  and  the  Parliament 
of  Pimlico  — The  Hill  Family:  Abigail  Hill—  Tennyson's  "Enid  "— 
Vertue's  "  Draughts  "  — Shooting  Soldiers  —  Greek  Word  — Motto  — 
Libera vi  animam  meam,  &c. 

Monthly  Feuilleton  on  French  Books. 


A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES  :  — 

First  Series,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  61.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  3/.  13«.  6d.  cloth  ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  53.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 

ALLEN'S  PATENT  PORTMANTEAUS  and 
TRAVELLING  BAGS,  with  SQUARE  OPENING  i  Ladies' 
Dress  Trunks,  Dressing  Bags,  with  Silver  Fittings  ;  Despatch  Boxes, 
Writing  and  Dressing  Cases,  and  500  other  Articles  for  Home  or  Con- 
tinental Travelling,  illustrated  in  their  New  Catalogue  for  1859.  By 
Post  for  Two  Stamps. 

J.  W.  &  T.  ALLEN,  Manufacturers  of  Officers'  Barrack  Furniture 
and  Military  Outfitters  (see  separate  Catalogue),  18.  and  22.  Strand. 

PIANOFORTES,  25  Guineas.  —  D'ALMAINE 
and  Co.,  sole  makers  of  the  ROYAL  PIANOFORTES,  104.  New 
Bond  Street,  W.  The  Royal  Pianofortes  combine  all  the  latest  im- 
provements of  construction,  with  richness  of  tone  and  elasticity  of 
touch,  are  uninfluenced  by  the  varied  effects  of  climate,  distinguished 
by  elegance  of  form,  recommended  by  all  the  most  eminent  musicians  i 
and  to  suit  every  style  of  furniture  are  made  in  mahogany,  zebra,  and 
rosewood,  at  the  uniform  price  of  25  guineas.  Every  instrument  war- 
ranted. 

D'ALMAINE  &  CO.  (established  1785),  104.  New  Bond  Street,  W. 


2»'i  a  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


181 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  3. 1859. 


No.  192.  — CONTENTS. 

KOTES  :  —  On  the  Date  of  Erasmus's  First  Visit  to  Oxford,  by  Rev.  W. 
J.  Deane,  181  —  Abel  Uoper  and  George  Kidpatli,  by  J.  Yeowell,  1S2  _ 
Old  English  Booksellers,  by  John  Camden  Hotten,/6.  — The  Badge 
of  Poverty,  by  W.  J.  Pinks,  181  —Leigh  Hunt's  Translation  of  Walter 
Mapes's  Drioking  Song,  185. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Birth-place  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton  —  Matriculation  Lists 
of  Students  of  the  Inns  of  Court  —  Sedan  Chairs  in  Dublin  —  Petrarch 
and  Lord  Falkland  —  Nugce  —  The  late  Duke  of  Wellington  ,185. 

MiivoR  Qderies  :  — Society  for  Assurance  against  Purgatory  —  Lord 
Fane:  Count  De  Sallis  — Marriage  Customs  — Bartholomew-Cokes — 
Side  Saddles —  Falston  House,  Wilts  —  Hampshire  Arms  — Edward 
Underbill  the  "Hot  Gospeller"— Albion  Magazine  —Dallaway's 
"Constantinople"- Vanduiss  —Polytheism  —  Sir  Peter  Gleane  — 
Corrected  Printers'  Proofs,  186. 

Minor  Qderikswith  Answers:— Sir  Humphrey  May,  Chancellor  of 
the  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  teiap.  Charles  I.—  William  Wood  —  Sau 
Giovanni  Gualbcrto  — "  Merry  Tricks  "  —  Cantankerous,  188. 

REPLIES  :— Junius  and  Henry  Flood, 189  — Sundry  Replies,  by  Pro- 
fessor Do  Morgan,  190  —  Oriainal  of  the  Faust  Legends,  by  J.  Macray, 
191  —  Tricolor,  Origin  of,  as  the  Flag  of  France,  192  —  Major  Dimcan- 
sonand  the  MassacreofGlencoe,  193— Origin  of  the  Judges'  Black  Cap, 
by  Rev.  T.  Boys,  76.  — St.  Patrick's  Ridges,  191  —  Chatterton  Manu- 
script, by  Hugh  Owen,  lb. 

REi>i.TBt  TO  Minor  Queries: — James  Moore— York  House  — Titles 
conferred  by  Oliver  Cromwell — Pishty,  Cess-here  —  Christopher  An- 
stey  —  A  Bear  Hunt  on  the  Thames  —  Family  Herald  Essayists  — 
—  Shim  —  "  Ligaturas  facere"—  Peter  Gleane,  &o.,  195. 


ON  THE  DATE  OP  ERASMUS's  FIRST  VISIT  TO  OXFORD. 

Writers  of  the  Life  of  Erasmus  have  always 
found  it  a  difficult  matter  to  settle  the*dates  of 
the  chief  occurrences  in  his  history.  The  errone- 
ous dates  appended  to  many  of  the  letters,  the 
diflferent  modes  of  reckoning  the  year  which  .he 
employed,  and  his  ignorance  of  his  own  exact  age, 
have  compelled  biographers  to  resort  to  conjec- 
ture in  fixing  the  events  of  the  first  forty  years  of 
his  life.  Perhaps  the  most  difficult  point  of  all  to 
settle,  is  the  true  date  of  his  first  visit  to  EnglanjJ 
and  Oxford.  Almost  all  the  earlier  biographers — 
as  Gaudin,  Knight,  Hess,  Le  Clerc,  Bayle,  Bu- 
rigni,  and  Jortin  —  place  it  in  1497  ;  while  Miiller 
and  the  writers  in  Ersch  &  Gruber's  Cydopcedia, 
and  the  new  Dictionnaire  BiograpJiique,  fix  it  in 
the  following  year.  There  is  no  doubt  that  Eras- 
mus was  resident  in  England  at  the  later  date  ;  the 
question  is,  had  he  paid  a  previous  visit  ?  The 
case  stands  thus  :  —  Under  the  date  1497  we  have 
three  letters  written  from  Oxford ;  one  from  Colet, 
introducing  himself  to  Erasmus,  and  congratulat- 
ing him  upon  his  arrival  at  the  University  ;  one 
from  Sixtinus  laudatory  of  some  verses  of  Eras- 
mus, which  had  been  shown  to  him  by  Prior 
Charnoct,  and  sending  him  in  return  an  epigram 
of  his  own  ;  and  the  third,  a  reply  of  our  scholar 
to  this  last,  dated  "  Oxoniae,  28  Octobris,  anno 
1497."  There  is  a  fourth  letter,  written  from 
London,  Dec.  5th  of  this  same  year,  wherein  men- 
tion is  made  of  his  acquaintance  with  Colet, 
Grocyn,  and  More.  This  is  followed  on  the  14th 
by  one  from  Paris.  On  the  other  band,  the  an- 
swer of  Erasmus  to  Colet's  address  is  dated  1498 ; 
and  as  it  must  have  been  written  immediately  on 


the  receipt  of  the  latter  (for  there  could  have 
been  no  delay  in  replying  to  so  warm  a  greeting 
from  a  resident  in  the  same  city),  one  of  the  two 
dfctes  is  manifestly  wrong.  Thus  far  the  rival 
signatures  destroy  one  another.  But  it  is  argued 
that  Colet  did  not  reside  in  Oxford  till  1498,  the 
assertion  being  sustained  by  a  reference  to  Knight's 
Life  of  Colet,  where  it  is  said  that  the  future 
Dean  "  returned  from  his  travels  on  the  Continent 
in  1497,  was  ordained  Deacon,  Dec.  17th  of  the 
same  year,  stayed  some  months  with  his  parents, 
and  finally  read  his  theological  lectures  at  Oxford 
in  1498,"  But  Miillei',  from  whose  work  the 
above  argument  is  derived,  has  trusted  too  impli- 
citly to  the  German  translation  of  Knight's  book. 
The  English  expression  is  quite  indefinite :  "  he 
seems  to  have  been  travelling  abroad  till  1497,  or 
thereabouts."  And  there  must  be  some  remark- 
able error  in  the  date  of  his  ordination,  as  Knight 
mentions  that  he  was  admitted  to  the  priesthood 
"  in  festo  S.  Annas  [July  26],  1497,"  nearly  five 
months  before  he  was  ordained  Deacon.  Certainly, 
the  documents  from  which  Knight  compiled  his 
biography  may  have  reckoned  the  beginning  of 
the  year  from  Advent  Sunday,  in  which  case 
Colet  would  have  been  ordained  Deacon  in  what 
we  should  call  1496  ;  but  this  would  strengthen 
the  argument  for  his  presence  in  Oxford  in  the 
following  year.  It  is,  farther,  nowhere  said  that 
Colet's  lectures  commenced  in  1498 ;  indeed, 
Wood*  notices  that  he  expounded  S.  Paul's 
Epistles  in  1497,  1498,  1499,  &c.  Another  argu- 
ment for  the  later  of  the  two  dates  assigned  to 
Erasmus's  visit  must  be  mentioned.  We  know 
that  he  spent  the  first  nine  months  (with  the  ex- 
ception of  a  week  or  two  in  January)  of  the  year 
.1497  at  Cambrai  and  Tornhoens ;  yet  there  are 
many  letters  written  from  Paris,  which  city  he  is 
supposed  not  to  have  reached  till  the  middle  of 
December.  Would  he  have  had  time  to  conduct 
such  a  mass  of  correspondence  in  the  short  space 
assigned  to  his  sojourn  there?  The  answer  is 
plain ;  he  was  a  very  ready  writer,  and  his  year 
often  extended  to  March  25th,  so  that  the  time 
allowed  for  the  composition  of  these  epistles  must 
be  lengthened  by  three  months.  Again,  one  of 
these  letters t,  dated  December  14,  speaks  of  his 
having  resided  for  some  months  at  Paris.  Now 
is  this  consistent  with  his  sojourn  in  England  ? 
But  there  is  nothing  in  the  letter  which  neces- 
sarily implies  that  he  is  referring  to  the  period 
immediately  preceding  ;  and  farther,  it  contains  a 
distinct  allusion  to  his  visit  to  our  island  ("  quod 
apud  Anglos,  dum  istinc  abissem,  parum  sinceriter 
egerit,")  which  indeed  may  suggest  that  the  Epis- 
tle, if  wrongly  dated,  is  dated  too  early,  but  which 
completely  refutes  the  notion  of  its  being  written 
before  any  such  visit  had  taken  place.      Once 


Athen.  Oxon.,  vol.  i.  p.  12. 


t  Ep.  l^: 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59. 


more,  in  a  letter  to  Mountjoy,  dated  "  Oxonio, 
aiuio  1498,"  Erasmus  gives  his  patron  his  impres- 
sions of  England  and  English  society  ;  whence  it 
is  argued  that  he  could  not  have  visited  tile 
country  before.  But  this  is  trifling.  It  was  under 
Mountjoy's  auspices  that  he  first  became  ac- 
quainted with  England  :  what  could  be  more  na- 
tural than  that  he  should  convey  to  the  friend  to 
whom  he  owed  his  introduction  the  pleasure 
afforded  him  by  his  increased  knowledge  of  the 
country  and  its  literary  society  ?  The  chief  argu- 
ment, however,  for  Miiller's  side  of  the  question, 
which  the  learned  German  keeps  to  the  last,  as 
though  it  were  decisive  of  the  controversy,  is  this  : 
that  in  the  Compendium  Vitce,  written  by  Erasmus 
himself,  it  is  said,  "Revisit  Hollandiam  hoc  animo, 
ut  maneret  apud  suos,  sed  ipsis  ultro  hortantibus 
rediit  Lutetiam."  Hence  it  is  argued  that,  after 
leaving  Holland,  he  did  not  go  to  England,  but 
returned  to  Paris.  But  I  cannot  see  that  this  in- 
definite statement  in  the  Compendium  refers  un- 
doubtedly to  the  period  of  which  we  are  speaking; 
nor,  if  it  does,  that  it  proves  that  Erasmus  did  not 
visit  England  after  his  return  to  Paris.  The 
above  are,  I  believe,  the  chief  arguments  for  and 
against  the  earlier  date  of  Erasmus's  first  visit  to 
England.  If  we  were  quite  certain  of  the  time  of 
More's  residence  at  Oxford,  we  might  perhaps 
find  another  reason  for  rejecting  the  opinion  of 
Miiller  and  those  who  have  followed  his  guidance. 
It  was  probably  at  Oxford  that  Erasmus  became 
acquainted  with  More,  who,  it  is  stated*,  left  the 
University  early  in  1498,  while  our  scholar  con- 
fessedly did  not  arrive  there  till  towards  the  end 
of  that  year.  In  a  letter  datedf  "  Parisiis,  12 
Aprilis,  1498,"  Erasmus  himself  mentions  More's 
residence  in  Lincoln's  Inn.  His  words  are :  "Nihil 
refert  utrum  ad  hunc  mittas,  an  ad  Thomam  Mo- 
rum  ;  is  agit  in  CoUegio  Lincolniensi."  In  this 
Epistle  likewise  he  speaks  of  having  written  to 
Battus  from  England,  and  mentions  London 
Bridge  in  a  familiar  way:  "Ejus  nomen  nemo 
toto  Londino  non  novit :  habitat  in  aedibus  pater- 
nis  Eduardi  mercatoris  super  pontem  Londinen- 
sem."  Lastly,  if  Anthony  Wood's  authority  may 
be  trusted,  there  will  remain  no  doubt  that  the 
date  of  Erasmus's  first  visit  to  Oxford  is  1497. 
In  many  places  of  his  Athence'l  he  distinctly  states 
that  the  learned  Dutchman  resided  there  in  that 
year.  After  carefully  weighing  both  sides  of  the 
question,  I  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that  the 
only  way  to  reconcile  the  seeming  contradictions 
in  the  Epistles,  is  to  decide  that  Erasmus  was  in 
this  country  during  both  the  years  in  dispute. 
But  I  say  this  with  the  utmost  deference  to  those 
who  differ  from  me,  and  with  every  wish  to  give 

*  Life,  by  Cresacre  More.    Edited  by  Hunter.     Ap- 
pend., p.  374. 
,  t  Epistle  29. 

j  E.  rj-  vol.  i.  pp.  12,  43.,  comp.  Antig.,  lib.  i.  p.  237. 


their  full  weight  to  any  fresh  arguments  which 
may  be  adduced  on  the  opposite  side. 

William  J.  Dease. 

Ashen  Eectorj-,  Aug.  18,  1859. 


ABEL   HOPER   AND   GEORGE    RIDPATH. 

These  two  worthies,  among  others,  are  thus 
gibbeted  in  The  Dunciad :  — 

"  Earless  on  high  stood  unabash'd  De  Foe, 
And  Tutchin  flagrant  from  the  scourge  below ; 
There  Ridpath,  Roper,  cudgell'd  might  ye  view ; 
The  very  worsted  still  look'd  black  and  blue." 
Pope's   note    informs    us   that    "Ridpath   and 
Roper  were  authors  of  the  Flying  Post  and  Post- 
Boy,  two  scandalous  papers  on  different  sides,  for 
which  they  equally  and  alternately  deserved  to  be 
cudgelled,   and  were  so."     Again    Swift,   in   his 
Journal  to  Stella,  Oct.  28,  1712,  complains,  that 

"  These  devils  of  Grub  Street  rogues,  that  write  the 
Flying  Post  and  Medley  in  one  paper,  will  not  be  quiet. 
They  are  always  mauling  lord-treasurer,  Lord  Boling- 
broke,  and  me.  We  have  the  dog  under  prosecution,  but 
Bolingbroke  is  not  active  enough ;  but  I  hope  to  swinge 
him.  He  is  a  Scotch  rogue,  one  Ridpath.  They  get  out 
upon  bail,  and  write  on.  We  take  them  again,  and  get 
fresh  bail ;  so  it  goes  round." 

It  is  not,  however,  generally  known  that  both 
Roper  and  Ridpath  died  on  the  same  day,  viz. 
on  Saturday,  Feb.  5,  1726,  as  we  learn  from  The 
Weekly  Journal  of  Feb.  12  of  that  year  :  — 

"  On  Saturday  last  died  Mr.  Abel  Roper,  formerly  a 
bookseller  in  Fleet  Street,  and  a  proprietor  of  The  Post- 
Boy,  in  which  paper  he  has  left  such  abundant  testimo- 
nials of  his  zeal  for  indefeasible  hereditary  right,  for 
monarchy,  passive  obedience,  the  Church,  the  Queen,  and 
the  Doctor,  that  the  public  can  be  no  strangers  to  his 
principles  either  in  Church  or  State. 

"  And  the  same  day  died  his  celebrated  antagonist, 
Mr.  George  Ridpath,  proprietor  and  first  projector  of  The 
Flying  Post,  which  he  set  up  in  May,  1695,  and  carried 
on  without  interruption  till  the  year  1713,  when  several 
prosecutions  against  him  for  some  reflections  on  the  then 
administration,  forced  him  to  fly  to  Scotland,  his  native 
countr.v,  and  from  thence  to  Holland,  where  he  wrote 
Parliamentary  Right  Maintained,  or  the  Hanover  Succes- 
sion Justified;  in  answer  to  Dr.  Bedford's  Hereditary  Right 
to  the  Crown  of  England  Asserted,  He  returned  to  England 
upon  the  accession  of  his  present  Majesty,  and  was  made 
one  of  the  patentees  for  serving  the  Commissioners  of  the 
Customs,  &c.,  in  Scotland  with  stationery  wares.  He 
understood  the  history  of  his  own  country  as  well  as  most 
men,  as  appears  from  his  Tracts  relating  to  the  Darien 
Companj',  the  Union,  and  several  other  pieces  he  wrote 
and  published  in  defence  of  the  antiquitj',  indcpciidency, 
and  all  the  rights  and  prerogatives  of  that  ancient  king- 
dom both  in  Kirk  and  State." 

J.  Yeowell. 


OLD   ENGLISH   BOOKSELLERS. 

Among  the  many  chapters  of  unwritten  bio- 
graphy that  remain  yet  to  be  jotted  down  and 
recorded  in  the  friendly  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.," 


2"^  S.  YIII.  Sept.  3.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


183 


none  will  prove  more  curious,  or  elucidative  of 
the  doubts  and  difficulties  which  beset  the  by- 
ways of  Hterai-y  history,  than  the  lives  of  the 
old-fashioned  country  booksellers.  There  arc  the 
cheap  publishers  of  old  London  Bridge,  with  their 
ballads,  and  chap-books,  and  horn-books,  and 
medicine  from  the  Indies,  and  printed  charms  to 
drive  away  all  the  wicked  devils  that  were  so 
very  troublesome  in  those  days  ;  —  these  worthies 
we  hear  of  in  DnntovUs  Life  and  Errors,  and  in  a 
few  other  odd  old  books.  But  of  the  old  country 
publishers  and  booksellers  we  know  nothing,  and 
can  learn  but  little  from  direct  sources.  On  a 
Civil  War  tract  occasionally  we  find  the  name  of 
a  local  dealer  who  was  sufficiently  loyal  or  re- 
publican to  thunder  forth  another  political  mani- 
festo ;  but  with  the  event  his  courage  or  his 
capital  appears  generally  to  have  been  exhausted, 
and  we  hear  nothing  more  of  him  until,  perhaps, 
in  the  gay  days  of  the  restored  Charles,  we  find 
his  name  once  more  appended  to  a  funeral  ser- 
mon or  a  judge's  charge  to  a  jury. 

Singular  lives  these  bookish  old  fellows  must 
have  passed  in  the  quiet  country  towns.  Their 
parcels  of  new  books  would  probably  reach  them 
twice  or  four  times  a-year,  by  lumbering  waggons 
a  month  or  more  on  the  road.  Their  shops  must 
have  created  but  little  excitement  in  the  matter 
of  window  display,  a  few  sermons  or  political 
pamphlets,  probably,  alone  adorning  the  small 
green  glass  lattice  openings.  I  imagine  these, 
because  I  find  their  titles  more  frequently  soiled 
than  other  old  printed  pieces.  What  a  sensation 
a  New  Academy  of  Complements,  or  Wits'  Recre- 
ation, or  a  volume  of  Merrie  Jests,  must  have 
created  when  the  window  should  receive  one  of 
these !  What  disputations  between  the  village 
schoolmaster  and  the  dry  old  bookseller  there 
must  have  been !  But  the  chyrurgeon  of  the 
neighbourhood,  and^the  clergyman,  and  the  grey- 
bearded,  blear-eyed  old  alchymist  —  the  doubt 
and  fear  of  the  villagers,  and  the  subject  of  occas- 
sional prayer  to  the  parson  —  would  all  hold 
friendly  chats  with  him,  and  would  often  drop  in, 
even  as  they  do  to  this  day,  to  learn  if  he  had 
anythingyV-es/j. 

Of  such  an  order,  although  with  a  larger 
audience  for  his  customers,  was  William  London, 
bookseller  of  Newcastle-upon-  T^ne,  in  the  days  of 
the  Commonwealth. 

Your  correspondent  N.  T.  (2"'^  S.  viii.  105.), 
under  the  heading  of  "  Solution  of  a  Biblio- 
graphical Puzzle,"  mentions  this  trade-worthy  in 
connection  with  — 

"The  First  Catalogue  of  the  most  Vendible  Books  in 
England,  Orderly  and  Alphabetically  digested,  the  like 
Work  never  yet  performed  by  any.    London,  1658.  4to." 

and  states,  as  is  well  known  to  those  who  are 
accustomed  to  examine  bibliographical  books,  that 
the  authorship  of  this  interesting  work  has  long 


been  a  difficulty  to  the  explorer  in  literary  his- 
tory. N.  T.  meets  with  a  small  work,  Hoole's 
Phraseologia  Anglo-Latina,  1656,  bearing  at  the 
foot  of  the  title  the  names  of  the  well-known 
pamphlet  and  ballad  printer  in  the  time  of  Crom- 
well and  Charles  IL,  E.  Coles,  and  the  less  known 
bookseller,  William  London,  of  Newcastle.  Dib- 
din,  Aikin,  Darling,  and  other  gentlemen  in- 
terested in  this  first  bibliographical  guide  *  in  the 
choice  of  books,  have  each  assigned  it  to  a  pro- 
bable compiler ;  but  N.  T.  now  comes  forward 
with  a  "  solution  to  the  puzzle  "  in  the  person  of 
the  Newcastle  bookseller,  and  I  am  delighted  to 
be  able  to  confirm  his  discovery,  and  place,  with- 
out the  least  chance  of  success  attending  any 
other  claimant,  the  laurel  of  authorship  upon  the 
brow  of  the  right  man. 

William  Lee,  "  at  the  Turk's  Head  in  Fleete 
Street  over  against  Fetter  Lane,"  as  he  styles  his 
residence,  published  books  as  early  as  1640. 
Like  London  of  the  Tyne,  and  Nath.  Crouch  of 
the  Poultry,  he  occasionally  took  pen  in  hand  and 
turned  author.  Three- and- twenty  years  after  the 
date  just  mentioned,  he  informs  us  in  the  Preface, 
he  was  prevailed  upon  by  Dr.  Hawkins  to  bring 
out  another  edition  of  his  — 

"  Youths'  Behaviour,  or  Decencie  in  Conversation 
amongst  Men,  as  also  a  Discourse  upon  some  Innovations 
of  Habits  and  Dressings;  against  powdring  of  Hair, 
Naked  Brests,  Black  Spots,  and  other  unseemly  Cus- 
tomes.    Lond.  1663." 

This  contains,  he  assures  us,  many  passages 
not  given  in  the  earlier  editions.  Perhaps  the 
following,  from  the  Table  of  Words  of  Sciences, 
was  a  late  addition  ;  at  all  events  it  settles  the 
dispute  about  Wm.  London  and  the  authorship 
of  the  Catalogue :  — 

"  Catalogue,  a  roule  of  names,  or  Register,  a  Cataloging 
of  Books,  which  Mr.  London,  Bookseller  of  Newcastle, 
hath  published." 

Contemporary  writers  of  dignity  and  name  were 
above  noting  the  labours  of  a  literary  tradesman, 
and  it  remained  for  a  friendly  London  bookseller 
to  point  out  who  this  Wm.  London  was,  although 
years  afterwards,  so  highly  was  the  performance 
thought  of,  that  it  was  accredited  to  an  arch- 
bishop. 

Dibdin  has  already  told  us  that  the  author  of 


*  I  say  the  first  Guide,  although  it  was  not  the  first 
Catalogue.  In  the  year  1631,  appeared  "  A  Catalogue 
of  certaine  Bookes  which  have  been  published,  and  (by 
authoritie)  printed  in  England,  both  in  Latine  and  Eng- 
lish, since  the  year  1626,  vntil  November,  1631."  4to. 
nine  leaves.  This  Catalogue  was  probably  continued  for 
some  years.  Then  in  1655,  there  was  published  "  A 
Catalogue  of  the  most  approved  Divinity-Books  which 
have  been  printed  or  reprinted  about  twenty  Yeares  past, 
and  continued  down  to  1655,  Mensis  Martii  26.  Lond. 
12mo."  And  there  may  have  been  others,  long  since 
wasted,  as  catalogues  generally  are,  by  the  generation  in 
whose  time  they  happen  to  appear. 


184 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59, 


the  Catalogue,  "  who  ever  he  may  chance  to  be," 
was  a  Man;  and  a  little  examination  into  Lee's 
volume  compiled  (or  at  least  edited)  by  him, 
will  convince  us  that  he  also  was  "  a  Man,"  and 
what  is  often  termed  a  "  character."  His  advice 
to  youths  in  the  "  matter  of  Decencie "  seems 
very  droll  to  modern  ears. 

"  9.  In  yawning  howl  not ;  but  if  thou  beest  con- 
strained to  yawn,  by  all  means,  for  that  time  being, 
speak  not,  nor  gape  wide  mouthed,  but  shut  thy  mouth 
with  thy  hand,  or  with  thy  handkerchief,  if  it  be  need- 
full. 

"  10.  When  thou  blowest  thy  Nose,  make  not  thy 
Nose  sound  like  a  Trumpet,  and  after  look  not  within 
thy  handkerchief. 

"  14.  Hearing  thy  Master,  or  likewise  the  Preacher, 
wriggle  not  thyselt;  as  seeming  unable  to  contain  thy 
self  within  thy  skin,  making  shew  thy  self  to  be  the 
knowing  and  sufficient  person,  to  the  misprice  of  others." 

Lee  was  partial  to  a  still  and  immovable  de- 
portment, and  continually  requests  the  yduths  — 

"  21.  Neither  to  shake  thy  head,  feet,  or  legs.  Rowl 
not  thine  eyes.  Lift  not  one  of  thine  eyebrows  higher 
han  the  other.    Wry  not  thy  mouth." 

He  gives  a  curious  piece  of  information  as  to 
the  use  of  Thee  and  Thou.  You,  Lee  says,  should 
be  used  to  persons  of  lesser  rank,  and  Thee  and 
Thou  to  friends  and  superiors.  His  ideas  of  dress 
were  very  precise. 

"  Carr}'  not  about  tlsee  any  sweet  smell,  wear  not  thy 
hat  too  high  on  thy  head,  nor  too  close  on  thine  eyes, 
not  in  the  fashion  of  swaggerers  and  jesters." 

"  Untruss  riot  thy  self  in  company,"  Lee  es- 
pecially requests ;  and  he  farther  remarks  that 
it  is  proper  to  "  comb  one's  head  once  a  day,  yet 
not  too  curiously," 

A  handkerchief,  it  appears,  when  clean  and 
'_'  scarcely  made  use  thereof,"  it  v/as  quite  proper, 
indeed  fashionable,  to  present  to  a  friend  who 
might  seem  of  a  sudden  to  require  the  use  of 
one. 

«  In  the  time  of  Mirth,  or  at  the  Table,  speak  not  of 
melancholick  things,  of  wounds,  of  sculs,  of  death," 

Lee  very  properly  remarks  ;  adding  also  farther 
on  — 

"  Being  set  at  the  Table,  scratch  not  thyself  .... 
Knock  no  bones  upon  thy  Bread,  or  trencher ;  to  speak 
better,  it  is  the  counsel  of  the  most  wise,  that  it  is  not 
fit  to  handle  bones,  and  much  less  to  mouth  them." 

And  many  other  curious  sentences  does  this 
odd^  old  bookseller  give  us  for  our  proper  be- 
haviour. The  simplicity  of  his  note  upon  Printing 
is  very  amusing :  — 

"  Printing,  an  art  invented  by  John  Guttenberge, 
and  being  so  usefuU  is  still  much  practised." 

^  Cotton's  Ttjpographical  Gazetteer  will,  probably, 
give  much  information  about  the  old  local  printers 
and  booksellers.  But  there  is  one  who  attained  a 
notoriety  far  exceeding  any  of  his  London  com- 
peers, —  Leonard  Lichfield,  Printer  to  the  Uni- 


versity of  Oxford  from  1642  to  1680.     His  cha- 
racter  as   author,    bookseller,    and    weathercock 
politician  will  form  the  subject  of  another  paper. 
John  Camden  Hotten. 


THE    BADGE    OF   POVERTY. 

By  a  rigorous  act  of  parliament,  passed  in  the 
year  1697,  the  8  &  9  Will.  III.,  it  was  required  that 
all  persons  in  receipt  of  parochial  relief  should  wear 
a  badge  bearing  a  large  roman  P,  together  with  the 
first  letter  of  the  name  of  the  parish  or  place  to 
which  they  belonged,  cut,  either  in  red  or  blue 
cloth,  upon  the  shoulder  of  the  right  sleeve  of  the 
uppermost  garment  in  an  open  and  visible  man- 
ner, as  by  the  churchwardens  and  overseers  it 
should  be  directed.  If  any  person  refused  to 
wear  this  badge,  it  was  lawful  for  any  justice  of 
the  peace  to  punish  by  ordering  their  allowance 
from  the  parish  to  be  abridged,  suspended,  or 
withdrawn.  And  in  extreme  cases,  in  which  the 
honest  pauper,  whose  mind  revolted  at  the  thought 
of  wearing  this  ignominious  badge,  which  alike 
proclaimed  abroad  his  poverty  and  dependence, 
pertinaciously  refused  to  do  so,  a  magistrate  might 
commit  such  an  offender  to  the  house  of  correc- 
tion, there  to  be  whipt  and  kept  imprisoned  for 
any  period  not  exceeding  twenty-one  days.  As 
the  object  of  this  statute  (repealed  by  50  Geo.  HI. 
c.  52.)  was  that  the  money  raised  for  the  relief  of 
the  impotent  and  poor  should  not  be  consumed  by 
idle,  sturdy,  and  disorderly  beggars,  the  church- 
wardens and  overseers  were  liable  to  a  fine  of  20s. 
if  they  administered  relief  to  any  one  who  had  not 
the  badge  of  poverty  upon  his  shoulder.  This 
disgraceful  mark  seems  to  have  been  worn  by  the 
out- door  poor  of  one  parish  at  least,  before  it  was 
made  compulsory  by  act  of  parliament;  for  we 
find  the  vestry  of  St.  James,  Clerkenwell,  in  1695, 
oi'dering  "  that  no  pensioners  shall  have  their  pen- 
sions paid  to  them  unless  they  wear  their  badges 
upon  the  outside  of  their  garments  so  as  it  may 
be  seen."  If  they  offended  once  or  twice  in  this 
particular  their  allowance  was  suspended,  but  the 
third  time  the  pension  was  entirely  taken  away. 
The  parish  beadle  turned  informer  against  these 
poor  culprits ;  and  for  the  first  offence  he  brought 
to  light  he  received  %d.,  for  the  second  \1d.  If 
the  parish  Bumble  was  not  hawk-eyed  enough  to 
discover  the  missing  badge  from  the  shoulder  of 
some  poor  pensioner,  to  make  him  look  out 
sharper  in  future,  he  was  himself  mulcted  of  half- 
a-crown  for  the  first  oversight,  and  five  shillings 
for  the  second. 

Does  not  the  foregoing  illustrate  and  explain  a 
phrase  which  has  long  been  in  colloquial  use,  "the 
badge  of  poverty"?  W.  J.  Pinks. 


2'«>  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


185 


LEIGH   HUNT  S   TRANSLATION    OF    WALTER   MAP£S  S 
DRINKING    SONG. 

This  pretended  drinking  song,  which  has  ren- 
dered the  name  of  Walter  Mapes  so  popular,  forms 
a  portion  of  his  poem,  Confessio  Golice,  lines  45. 
to  52. :  — 

"  Meum  est  propositum  in  taberna  mori : 
Vinum  sit  appositum  morientis  ori, 
Ut  dicant  cum  venerint  angelorum  chori, 
'  Deus  sit  propitius  huic  potatori ! ' 

"  Poculis  accenditur  animi  lucerna ; 

Cor  imbutum  Hectare  volat  ad  superna : 
Mihi  sapit  dulcius  vinum  in  taberna, 
Quam  quod  aqua  miscuit  praesulis  pincerna." 

The  following  translation  by  Leigh  Hunt,  who, 
at  a  good  ripe  age,  has  just  been  taken  from 
among  us,  has  not,  I  believe,  ever  been  printed. 
It  is  copied  from  his  own  handwriting,  as  cer- 
tified by  Mr.  Vincent  Novello,  and  may  be  seen 
in  Addit.  MS.  14,343,  Brit.  Museum  :  — 

"  I  propose  to  end  my  days  —  in  a  tavern  drinking, 
May  some  Cliristian  hold  for  me  —  the  glass  when  I 

am  shrinking ; 
That  the  Cherubim  may  cry, — when  they  see  me  sinking, 
God  be  merciful  to  a  soul  —  of  this  gentleman's  Avay  of 
thinking. 

"  A  glass  of  wine  amazingly  enlighteneth  one's  internals, 
'Tis  wings  bedewed  with  nectar,  that  fly  up  to  supernals ; 
Bottles  cracked  in  taverns,  have  much  the  sweeter 

kernels, 
Than  the  sups  allowed  to  us,  in  the  College  journals." 

Barnabee,  Jun. 


Minav  ^aUi,   • 

Birth-place  of  Sii'  Isaac  Newton.  —  Until  1  saw 
the  following  extract  in  this  day's  Stamford  Mer- 
cury, I  was  not  aware  that  there  was  any  doubt 
whatever  as  to  the  birth-place  of  the  most  illus- 
trious of  our  Lincolnshire  worthies.  All  biogra- 
phies that  I  have  seen  agree  on  this  head,  and 
many  prints  have  been  issued  of  the  present 
Woolstborpe  Manor  on  account  of  its  supposed 
interesting  connexion  with  Sir  Isaac  Newton.  It 
is  highly  desirable  that  as  a  doubt  has  arisen  on 
this  matter,  it  should  be  set  at  rest  as  soon  as 
possible ;  perhaps  we  may  have  means  of  attain- 
ing certainty  now,  which,  if  not  promptly  used, 
may  be  denied  to  our  successors ;  but  however 
that  may  be,  "  the  truth  can  never  be  confirmed 
enough,  though  doubts  should  ever  cease." 

"  In  our  obituary  of  this  week  is  recorded  the  death  of 
a  centenarian,  Mr.  Samuel  Atter,  of  Woolsthorpe  by 
Colsterwortb,  who  completed  bis  100th  j'ear  on  the  1st  of 

April  last He  lived  all  his  days  in  close 

proximity  to  the  birth-place  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton,  of 
whom  he  related  many  anecdotes,  which  had  been  handed 
down  to  him  by  his  parents.  He  used  to  contend  that 
Sir  Isaac  Newton  was  not  born  in  the  present  manor- 
house,  but  in  a  house  adjacent,  which  was  taken  down 
60  or  70  years  ago ;  and  he  was  accustomed  to  point  to 
some  beams  in  his  own  cottage,  and  tracery  in  the  walls, 


which  he  said  came  from  the  original  manor-house  in 
which  the  great  philosopher  first  saw  the  light." 

Edward  Peacock. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg,  Aug.  26. 

Matriculation  Lists  of  Students  of  the  Inns  of 
Court. — The  Probation  Lists  of  Merchant  Taylors' 
School  suggest  the  interest  that  would  be  taken 
in  the  publication  of  the  Lists  of  the  Members  of 
the  Inns  of  Court  as  entered  in  the  books  of  the 
Societies  on  admittance,  especially  as  all  copies  of 
such  entries  that  I  have  seen  state  the  parentage. 
We  have  our  Lists  of  Graduates  of  the  Univer- 
sities :  and  if  the  learned  librarians  of  our  Inns  of 
Court  were  permitted  by  the  Benchers  to  edit  the 
lists  of  names,  with  the  genealogical  notice  con- 
nected with  them,  of  former  members  of  these 
most  venerable  and  ancient  institutions,  such  pub- 
lications would  be  highly  esteemed.  T.  F. 

Sedan  Chairs  in  Dublin.  —  As  an  illustration  of 
the  state  of  society  in  Dublin  towards  the  close  of 
the  last  century,  I  send  a  copy  of  a  short  note  ap- 
pended to  an  interesting  Biographical  Memoir  of 
Bartholomeio  Mosse,  M.D.  (Dublin,  1846),  p. 
32.:  — 

"  During  the  period  when  this  tax  [on  sedan  chairs] 
was  levied,  the  [Lying-in]  hospital  published  A  List  of 
the  Proprietors  of  Licenses  for  Sedan  Cfiairs,  Sec,  together 
with  A  Scheme  for  Card  Assemblies,  §-c.  From  one  of 
these  curious  little  books,  now  lying  before  us,  and  in 
which  are  likewise  given  the  coats  of  arms  of  all  the 
benefactors  of  the  institution  (some  of  which  armorial 
bearings  are  still  preserved  in  the  wards  of  the  institu- 
tion), we  learn  that  there  were  257  private  sedan  chairs 
in  Dublin  in  1787 ;  belonging,  besides  the  ordinary  resi- 
dent gentry,  to  one  Duke,  one  Duchess,  twelve  Earls, 
sixteen  Countesses,  eleven  Viscounts,  nine  Viscountesses, 
thirty-seven  titled  Ladies,  one  Archbishop,  three  Bishops, 
five  Lords,  ten  Baronets,  forty-two  Honourables,  male 
and  female,"  &c. 

This  tax,  which  the  governors  of  the  hospital 
were  empowered  to  levy  by  an  act  of  25  Geo.  III., 
for  many  years  made  a  very  considerable  item  in  the 
resources  of  the  Institution,  having  amounted  in 
the  year  1798  to  547Z.  The  sedan  chairs  in  Dublin 
at  the  present  day  would,  I  think,  fall  very  far 
short  of  yielding  547  pence;  and,  with  the  old 
oil-lamps,  "  Charlies,"  hackney-coaches,  Donny-^ 
brook  Fair,  &c.,  may  be  reckoned  amongst  the* 
things  of  the  past.  Abhba. 

Petrarch  and  Lord  Falkland.  —  Petrarch  con- 
cludes his  29th  canzone  with  the  words:  — 

"  lo  vo  gridando  pace,  pace,  pace." 
Has  it  ever  been  noticed  that  this  line  may  have 
suggested  to  the  good  and  great  Lord  Falkland 
his  plaintive  cry,  when,  as  Clarendon  reports,  "sit- 
ting among  his  friends,  often  after  a  deep  silence 
and  frequent  sighs,  he  would  with  a  shrill  and  sad 
accent  ingeminate  the  words  Peace,  Peace  "  ? 

C.  W.  Bingham. 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"'i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '50. 


Nugee. — 'In  this  lack-a-daisical  time  of  the 
year,  when  correspondents  are  not  inclined  to  con- 
tribute nor  subscribers  to  read  any  abstruse 
lucubrations,  it  may  not  be  inappropriate  to  ask 
whether  the  following  7iugce,  which  I  found  lately 
in  the  common-place  book  of  a  friend,  are  rightly 
attributed  to  the  authors  whose  names  are  at- 
tached to  them. 
By  Lady  Hamilton  :  — 

"  Mon  premier  est  un  tyran ;  mon  second  est  im  mon- 
stre ;  et  mon  tout  ensemble  est  la  misfere  extreme." 

By  Charles  James  Fox  :  — 

"Qaand  on  aime  parfaitement  le  premier,  on  ne  craint 
point  le  second,  et  le  tout  ensemble  est  la  felicite  par- 
faite." 

It  would  be  an  insult  to  your  readers,  male  or 
female,  to  give  the  word  which  is  the  solution  of 
both;  and  the  amiable  feeling  that  prompts  the 
latter  seems  to  indicate  that  the  author  is  rightly 
named,  especially  when  we  read  another  which  he 
is  said  to  have  penned :  — 

"  My  first  does  affliction  denote, 

"Which  my  second  is  destin'd  to  feel ; 
And  my  whole  is  the  best  antidote 
That  affliction  to  soften  and  heal." 

Perhaps  some  other  correspondent  can  contri- 
bute a  few  more  nugce  of  the  great  Whig  leader, 
in  whose  elegance  and  taste  all  must  delight,  whe- 
ther they  concur  or  not  in  his  politics.  D.  S. 

The  late  Duke  of  Wellington.  —  In  the  Man- 
Chester  Guardian  of  10th  August,  1859,  the  honour 
of  the  Duke's  ancestry  in  the  maternal  line  is 
claimed  by  Britannicus  for  Wales,  his  paternal 
descent  being  admitted  to  belong  to  England, 
though  Ireland  is  undoubtedly  the  country  of  his 
birth :  — 

"  By  his  mother's  side  he  was  old  British  or  Welsh, 
his  mother  being  a  daughter  of  the  house  of  Trevor,  of 
Brynkinalt,  Denbighshire  (Lord  Dungannon's  residence), 
where  he  spent  some  years  of  his  boyhood,  and  where 
may  be  seen  the  only  battle-field  on  which  the  '  Iron 
Duke'  was  ever  vanquished,  and  that — pro  pudor !  — 
by  a  little  Welsh  girl  not  much  older  than  himself,  who 
thrashed  him  well  for  cheating  her  brother  at  marbles, 
and  compelled  him  to  disgorge  his  plunder;  his  brother, 
the  future  Marquis  of  Wellesley,  looking  on  and  seeing 
fair  plaj'  between  the  youthful  heroine  and  hero.  The 
*Duke  himself  frequently  told  the  anecdote  with  a  dry 
gusto,  generally  adding  '  That  was  the  only  pounding  1 
ever  had,  and  I  deserved  it.'  In  after  years  he  made  in- 
quiries for  his  victrix,  who  reaped  from  his  generosity 
substantial  fruits  of  her  victory.  Picton,  Combermere, 
and  Anglesey,  were  also  of  Welsh  descent." 

This  anecdote  appears  to  be  worth  preserving. 

Artekus. 
Dublin. 


■Minav  €Lutviti. 

Society /or  Assurance  against  Purgatory.  —  The 
accompanying  extract  is  taken  from  the  current 


number   of  the    Quarterly   lievieiv    (vol.  cvi.   p. 
80.)  :  — 

"  Na)',  astounding  fact,  there  is  even  a  '  Society  for 
Assurance  against  Purgator}','  which,  for  three-pence  per 
week,  undertakes  to  have  the  required  number  of  masses 
duly  celebrated  after  the  decease  of  the  contributor." 

Can  the  Continent  boast  of  a  similar  institu- 
tion ?  W. 

Bibliographical  Que)-ies.  —  Can  you  oblige  me 
with  the  names  of  the  authors  of  the  following 
publications  ? — 

1.  "An  Account  of  the  Transactions  in  the  North  of 
Ireland,  a.d.  1691,"  &c.  8vo.  London,  1G92. 

2.  "  The  True  Impartial  History  and  Wars  of  the 
Kingdom  of  Ireland,"  &c.  18mo.  2nd  ed.  London,  1692. 
(  ?  my  copy  wanting  the  date). 

The  letters  "  J.  H."  are  affixed  to  the  former, 
and  "J.  S."  to  the  latter.  I  may  likewise  ob- 
serve, by  way  of  a  suggestion,  that  the  letters  "J. 
H."  are  attached  to  "  Coll.  Hill's  Letter  to  Mr. 
Pottinger,  Sovereign  of  Belfast,  May,  1689," 
which  is  printed  in  the  Appendix  (p.  75.)  to 
Charles  Leslie's  very  scarce  .47iszoer  to  [Abp.  King's] 
The  State  of  the  Protestants  in  Ireland  (4to.  Lon- 
don, 1692).  Lowndes,  in  his  Manual,  mentions 
these  two  books  by  King  and  Leslie ;  but  speak- 
ing of  King's,  he  makes  a  strange  mistake,  which 
doubtless  Mr.  Bohn  will  correct :  "  A  valuable 
work,  highly  praised  by  Burnet,  NIcolson,  and 
others.     Has  been  attributed  to  Charles  Leslie." 

Abhba. 

Lord  Fane  :  Count  De  Sallis.  —  In  the  Gentle- 
mans  Monthly  Intelligencer  for  January,  17.35, 
under  the  head  of  "marriages,"  is  the  follow- 
ing:— 

"  Mr.  De  Sallis,  a  native  of  Switzerland,  to  Miss  J. 
Fane,  eldest  daughter  of  the  Lord  Viscount  Fane  in  the 
Kingdom  of  Ireland." 

Who  was  the  Lord  Fane,  and  is  the  present 
Count  De  Sallis  descended  from  the  above  mar- 
riage ?  S.  Bedmosd. 

Liverpool. 

Marriage  Customs.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
enlighten  me  on  a  custom  pretty  prevalent  at 
marriages  in  the  neighbourhood  where  I  reside  ? 

When  a  young  couple  are  starting  on  their 
marriage  trip,  those  left  behind  of  the  bridal  party 
rush  to  the  door  or  to  the  windows  of  the  house 
and  throw  a  lot  of  old  shoes  or  boots  after  the 
departing  vehicle  in  which  the  newly  married  pair 
are  conveyed  away. 

This  custom,  according  to  my  observation,  is 
peculiar  to  the  middle  class  ;  but  I  have  observed 
another  somewhat  similar,  which  is  universally 
prevalent  among  the  lower  class  at  what  is  called 
"  penny  weddings,"  that  is,  a  wedding  at  which 
every  one  of  the  invited  company  is  expected  to 
bear  a  proportion  of  the  expenses.     I  have  ob- 


2»'«  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


187 


served  then  at  weddings  of  this  class  that  on 
returning  from  the  place  where  the  clergyman 
has  performed  the  marriage  ceremony,  the  bride 
and  bridegroom,  on  reaching  the  doorway  of  the 
house  in  which  the  customary  dinner  and  dance 
is  to  take  place,  are  assailed  by  one  or  more  of 
the  company  discharging  over  their  heads  a  napkin 
full  of  broken  bread  and  cheese,  for  which  among 
the  assembled  crowd  there  is  an  immediate  scram- 
ble to  gain  possession  of  a  piece. 

In  what  had  these  two  customs  their  origin  ? 
The  answer  I  have  invariably  received  from  those 
engaged  in  them  has  been  "  it's  all  for  luck." 
This  is  scarcely  satisfactory  to  me.  Perhaps 
some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  informed  on  this 
superstition  will  furnish  the  desired  enlighten- 
ment. J.  N. 

Bartholomew-  Cokes.  —  In  reading  the  Preface 
to  Crowne's  comedy  of  City  Politiques,  ed.  1688, 
I  found  the  conjunctive  word  "  Bartholomew- 
Cokes,"  which  I  do  not  remember  to  have  met 
with  elsewhere.  It  appears,  from  the  context,  to 
mean  "  a  simpleton,  or  person  easily  overcome 
with  flattery."  Perhaps  some  of  your  kind 
readers  may  know  something  of  its  etymology. 

K.  B.  P. 

Side  Saddles. Stoyr  (i.  pt.  i.  p.  243.,  ed.  Strype, 
1720)  tells  us  these  were  first  invented  by  Anne 
of  Bohemia,  Queen  to  Richard  II,,  and  the  mar- 
ginal note  says :  "  Women  first  riding  on  side 
saddles  that  were  wont  to  ride  astride ; "  but  on 
a  seal  of  Joan  Countess  of  Flanders  (given  by 
Oliver  Vredius,  page  29.),  and  by  him  dated  1211, 
that  lady  is  represented  on  a  horse  riding  side- 
ways. Her  dress  covers  the  saddle  so  much  that 
it  cannot  be  made  out.  Can  any  readers  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  give  more  information  on  the  subject? 
Stow  is  generally  a  very  good  authority,  but  he 
certainly  seems  to  be  in  error  here.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Falston  House,  Wilts. — Where  is  Falston  House, 
in  Wiltshire,  mentioned  by  Ludlow  in  his  Me- 
moirs as  garrisoned  by  the  Parliamentary  party  in 
the  Civil  War  ?  Was  there  a  house  in  Wiltshire 
called  Holston  House  ?  or  would  this  be  the  same 
as  Falston  ?  W.  C. 

Hampshire  Arms. — What  is  the  origin  of  the 
red  rose  of  Lancaster  and  wreath  being  the  arms 
of  Hampshire?  Was  it  conferred  because  the 
train-bands  of  that  county  accompanied  Henry  V. 
to  Agincourt  ?  C.  H.  H. 

Edward  Underhill  the  "  Hot  Gospeller.'^  —  In 
the  year  1563,  according  to  a  document  preserved 
in  Heralds'  College,  Edward  Undei-hill  was  resi- 
dent at  Hunningham  in  Warwickshire,  and  had 
had  eleven  children,  of  whom  Guilford,  the  eldest, 
the  godson  of  Lady  Jane  Grey,  had  died  young. 


Particulars  are  desired  respecting  the  descendants 
I  of  the  above-named  Edward  Underhill,  who  died 
j  some  time  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  P.  Q. 

Albion  Magazine. — A  magazine  under  this  title 
was  commenced  at  Liverpool  in  the  beginning  of 
the  year  1829  or  1830.  If  any  reader  of  "N.  & 
Q."  is  in  possession  of  the  First  Number,  the  loan 
of  it  for  a  few  days  would  be  considered  a  favour 
by  Magal. 

Dallaway's  "  Constantinople"  4to.,  1797.  —  To  a 
copy  I  have  is  annexed  an  advertisement  by  the 
author  of  his  intention  to  publish  a  History  of 
the  Sultans.  I  never  met  with  such  a  work  by 
Mr.  Dallaway  ;  but  is  it  known  whether  he  left 
any  work  in  manuscript,  or  any  collections  for 
such  a  History  ?  J.  R. 

Vandniss. — Who  was  a  Commissary-General 
Vandniss,  who  fought  on  the  side  of  the  parlia- 
ment in  our  great  Civil  War  ?  Could  he  be  the 
same  as  Vandrusk,  often  mentioned  by  Clarendon 
and  other  writers  ?  W.  C. 

Polytheism.  —  The  writer  of  the  second  leading 
article  in  The  Times  of  August  24,  says  that  — 

".A  German  philosopher  has  committed  himself  to  the 
idea  that  polytheism  will  be  revived." 

I  am  aware  that  in  newspaper  writing  one  can- 
not always  hope  for  the  exact  accuracy  that  is 
required  in  the  less  hurried  branches  of  author- 
ship; and  I  also  know  that  in  Germany,  England, 
and  elsewhere  it  has  been  the  fashion  to  nickname 
a  certain  class  of  thinkers  Buddists.  Neither  of 
these  facts,  however,  explain  the  newspaper  state- 
ment. Will  some  one  give  us  the  name  of  the 
polytheistic  philosopher  ?  K.  P.  D.  E. 

Sir  Peter  Gleane.  —  He  was  of  Clare  Hall, 
Cambridge,  B.A.  1582-3  ;  Sherifi"  of  Norwich, 
1610;  Mayor,  1615;  knighted  at  Greenwich  13 
June,  1624 ;  M.P.  for  Norwich,  1628.  In  1633 
he  gave  to  the  church  of  S.  Peter  Mancroft  in 
that  city  a  noble  standing  cup  and  cover,  oa 
which  was  represented  the  story  of  Abigail  bring- 
ing presents  to  King  David.  By  his  wife  Maud 
he  had  a  daughter,  Mary,  married  to  William 
Betters,  gent.  Arms :  Erm.  on  a  chief  S.  three 
lions  rampant  A.  Crest :  On  a  crown  a  dog  pas- 
sant. Further  particulars  respecting  him  are  de- 
sired by  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Corrected  Printers^  Proofs.  —  Among  the  curi- 
osities of  literature  with  which  our  great  libraries 
abound,  can  your  readers  refer  me  to  any  examples 
of  corrected  printers'  proofs  of  celebrated  works  ? 
Probably  some  such  exist  in  the  British  Museum, 
but  at  present  I  am  not  able  to  call  them  to  mind. 

KaL£0. 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59. 


Sir  Humphrey  May,  Chancellor  of  the  Duchy 
of  Lancaster  temp.  Charles  I.  — Where  did  he  re- 
side? Whom  did  he  marry?  What  issue  had 
he  ?    Was  Bab  May  his  son  ?  A  Mayfly. 

[From  the  pedigree  of  May  of  Sutton-Cheynell,  May- 
field,  &c.,  given  in  Nichols's  Leicestershire,  iv.  648.,  we 
learn  that  Sir  Humphrey  May  was  the  son  of  Richard 
May,  Esq.,  of  Mayfield  in  Sussex,  citizen  and  merchant 
taylor  of  London.  Humphrey  was  knighted  in  1612-13  ; 
M.P.  for  the  borough  of  Leicester,  1623  and  1625 ;  ob- 
tained in  1629  the  reversion  of  the  Mastership  of  the  Rolls ; 
but  died  before  it  became  vacant  at  Coldrey,  Hants,  June 

9, 1630.    His  first  wife  was ,  sister  of  Sir  Wm.  Uve- 

dale,  of  Wickham,  knight  r  the  second  Judith  (family 
name  not  stated).  He  had  seven  daughters,  but  only 
Philippa  is  mentioned,  as  posthumous,  baptized  at  Isling- 
ton, Dec.  17,  1630. The  parentage  of  Baptist  May  has 

not  been  traced,  it  having  bafHed  the  researches  of  John 
Nichols  the  Great,  as  well  as  those  of  the  noble  editor  of 
Pepys.  Lord  Braybrooke  has  furnished  an  interesting 
note  on  the  May  family  in  Pepys's  Diary,  ii.  242.  edit. 

William  Wood.  —  Mr.  Craik,  in  his  History  of 
British  Commerce,  says  that  a  person  of  this 
name,  who  was  afterwards  secretary  to  the  Com- 
missioners of  Customs,  wrote  a  Survey  of  Trade, 
dedicated  to  George  I.  Was  this  the  same  Wil- 
liam Wood  as  was  patentee  of  the  Irish  copper 
coinage  ?  Where  can  a  copy  of  the  work  be  seen  ? 
and  where  can  a  portrait  of  Wood  the  patentee  be 
seen  ?  Ex  Quovis  Ligno. 

[The  two  William  Woods  were  different  persons.  Wood 
the  patentee,  and  hero  of  the  Drapier's  Letters,  died  on 
August  2,  1730.  William  Wood,  secretary  to  the  Board 
of  Customs,  died  on  March  25,  1765,  aged  eighty-six. 
There  are  two  editions  of  his  Survey  of  Trade,  8vo.,  1718, 
1722,  in  the  British  Museum.  They  are  both  the  same 
edition,  except  that  the  latter  has  aiaew  title-page.] 

San  Giovanni  Gualherto. — In  Machiavelli's  tale 
of  Belfagor,  it  is  said,  of  one  of  the  damsels  pos- 
sessed by  the  demon,  "  Ne  mancarono  i  parenti  di 
farvi  di  quelli  rimedii  che  in  simili  accident!  si 
fanno,  ponendole  in  capo  la  testa  di  San  Zanobi, 
ed  il  mantello  di  San  Giovanni  Gualberto." 
Who  was  the  saint  last  mentioned,  and  when  is 
his  day  ?  C.  L. 

[St.  John  Gualbert,  Abbot,  was  born  at  Florence,  and 
founded  the  religious  order  of  Vallis  Umbrosa,  Vallum- 
brosa,  or  Vallombreuse — a  spot  thickly  bestrown,  ac- 
cording to  Milton,  with  leaves  in  autumn.  He  died,  aged 
seventy-four  (some  sar  eighty-eight),  at  Passignano, 
1073 ;  his  day,  Ju>y  12."  Particulars  of  his  life  will  be 
found  in  the  Encyc.  Cathol.,  art.  Gualbert,  and  in  But- 
ler's Lives  of  the  Saints.  Both  these  authorities  refer  to 
an  exact  life  of  S.  John  Gualbert  by  Blaise  Melanisius, 
with  copious  notes  of  Father  Cuper  the  BoUandist.  Seve- 
ral distinct  biographies  of  this  saint  will  also  be  found  in 
the  Acta  Sanctorum,  July  12,  pp.  311 — 458.3 

"  Merry  Tricks."  —  I  have  in  my  possession  an 
imperfect  small  quarto  play,  the  remaining  title 
of  which  is   Merry    Tricks;  but  the   title-page 


being  gone,  there  is  no  clue  to  the  author's  name 
or  the  date  of  publication,  and  I  cannot  find  a 
play  under  that  name  either  in  Baker,  or  Watt, 
or  Garrick's  MS.  index  to  his  Collection  now  in 
the  British  Museum.  The  type  is  of  the  latter 
part  of  the  seventeenth  century,  or  perhaps 
earlier. 

If  any  of  your  readers  can  give  a  clue  to  this 
comedy,  they  will  oblige  R.  B.  P. 

[The  play  of  which  our  correspondent  has  a  copy  is 
Ram  Alley,  or  Merrie  Tricks,  written  b3'  Lodovick 
Barrey,  who  is  said  to  have  been  a  gentleman  of  Irish 
birth,  but  of  whom  nothing  is  known  be3'ond  the  fact  of 
his  being  the  author  of  this  play — not  even  the  place  or 
date  of  his  birth  or  death.  This  play  was  first  published 
in  1611,  and  a  second  edition  appeared  in  1636.  It  is  re- 
printed in  Dodsley's  Old  Plays  (Collier's  edit.  v.  p.  361. 
et  seq.^,  the  two  editions  having  been  carefully  collated 
for  the  purpose  of  making  the  text  as  correct  as  possible.] 

Cantankerous.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  refer 
me  to  any  dictionary  containing  this  word,  or  in- 
form me  in  what  sense  the  word  is  used  by  any 
writer  ?  or  whether  it  has  been  long  used  in  the 
English  vocabulary?  F.  S. 

[  Cantankerous  is  defined  as  contentious,  in  the  archaic 
dictionaries  of  Halliwell  and  Wright.  We  think  the 
word  is  also  used  in  conversation,  to  signify  unmanage- 
able, self-willed,  unruly.  In  Ogilvie's  Supplement  it  is 
explained  as  "vile  in  the  highest  degree,  contentions, 
disputatious,"  and  is  derived  from  con  and  tankerous.  We 
doubt  whether  the  word  has  often  found  a  place  in  writers 
of  any  authority,  or  whether  it  is  of  very  ancient  standing 
in  our  English  vernacular. 

Tankerous  is  fretful,  cross,  according  to  Halliwell,  who 
adds,  that  "  it  is  sometimes  pronounced  tanhersome." 
Whatever  the  age  of  tankersome  and  tankerous,  the 
somewhat  similar  tanglesome  (discontented,  obstinate, 
fretful)  appears  to  be  of  old  English  origin :  "  Tanggyl, 
or  froward,  or  angry,"  MS.  cited  by  Halliwell. 

In  order  to  get  at  the  true  sense  (i.  e.  the  original 
meaning)  of  the  word  cantankerous,  the  first  question, 
seems  to  be,  what  is  the  simpler  form,  tankerous.'  We 
believe  this  latter  term  to  be  nautical,  and  originally 
French.  Tangage  is  in  Fr.  the  pitching  of  a  ship ;  tan- 
guer,  to  pitch,  and  tangueux,  applied  to  the  ship  itself, 
one  that  pitches  too  much.  This,  to  the  crew,  is  a  veiy 
serious  annoyance ;  and  the  term  tangueux,  applied  to 
any  very  unmanageable,  troublesome  individual,  may 
possibly  be  the  origin  of  our  own  tankerous.  Old  "  salts  " 
do  not  always,  in  deriving  words,  observe  the  strict  rules 
of  etymological  propriety,  and  we  have  many  nautical 
terms  which  are  strangely  modified  from  the  French. 

De  cant  is  also  a  French  nautical  term,  meaning  set  on 
edge,  as  a  board  that  is  half-raised,  and  not  turned  over. 
Hence  our  own  nautical  word  "  cant,"  which,  according 
to  Falconer,  expresses  the  position  of  any  piece  of  timber 
that  does  not  stand  square.  It  then  is  said  to  be  "  on  the 
cant"  {de  cant).  "Mettre  une  chose  de  cant"  was  a  thing 
forbidden  to  shippers,  if  the  article  was  one  which  re- 
quired to  be  put  flat,  and  not  on  its  side.  We  would 
take  the  word  cantankerous,  then,  to  be  wholly  nautical : 
cant-tankerous  (cant-tangueux),  any  individual  who  is 
both  perverse  in  character  and  unruly  in  conduct.  A 
friend,  however,  suggests  that  perhaps  cantankerous  is, 
after  all,  only  a  vulgar  modification  of  contentious.  About 
our  friend's  suggestion  all  we  can  say  is  this :  To  our  ele- 
gant vernacular  nothing  is  impossible.  Some  persons 
may  prefer  deriving  tankerous  from  the  old  Fr.  v.  tancer. 


2»d  S.  VIII.,  Sept.  8.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


189 


to  reprimand,  to  scold.    But  on  tlie  whole  we  prefer  tan- 
gueux,  as  already  stated. 

It  will  perhaps  be  remarked  that  in  the  French  "  de 
cant "  (something  tilted  or  set  on  one  side)  we  have  in- 
advertenth'  suggested  the  origin  of  our  own  decant,  de- 
canter. To  decant  is,  properly,  "to  draw  off  or  drain  from 
a  vessel  iy  tHting."2 


JUNIUS  AND  HENBY  FLOOD. 

(2"«  S.  viii,  101.) 

"  Liberavl  animam  meam  :  "  —  my  statement 
credited,  its  disclosure  approved,  its  motive  justi- 
fied, I  have  nothing  more  to  desire :  though,  for 
the  credit's  sake  of  my  informant,  it  would  plea- 
sure me  to  see  Henry  Flood's  title  to  the  Junian 
honours  duly  affirmed.  I  have  neither  sympathy 
with  his  politics,  nor  interest  in  his  reputation. 
Were  my  informant  living,  he  would  say  the  like 
for  himself:  he  being  dead,  I  say  it  for  him.  But, 
had  he  been — what  I  am  sure  he  was  not  —  zealot 
enough  to  invent  a  fable  in  aid  of  any  man's  fame, 
he  was  not  fool  enough  to  undo  his  own  work  by 
the  appendage  of  its  successional  concealment. 

Fully  recognising  the  principle  asserted  in  "  N. 
&  Q." — the  establishment  of  a  truth  —  and  desiring 
nothing  else,  the  position  of  Henry  Flood,  his 
genius,  and  his  temper,  suggest  him  to  me  as  a 
more  probable  "Junius"  than  most  of  his  fellow- 
designates,  and  quite  as  much  so  as  any  of  their 
rather  numerous  array.  Some  among  them  were 
bis  superiors  in  station;  others  equalled  him  in 
talent ;  and  a  few  might  have  been  quickened 
with  his  vehement  and  vindictive  spirit :  but  the 
man  has  not  yet  been  evoked  from  the  grave-dust 
of  nearly  a  century,  in  whose  living  person  were 
combined  those  threefold  essentials  of  a  Junius 
which  met  in  Henry  Flood.  And,  therefore,  when 
in  1814  he  was  named  to  me  as  that  mysterious 
personage,  I  wondered,  not  that  he  had  been  over- 
looked in  the  conjectural  list  of  the  Junii,  but 
that  a  high  place  had  not  been  assigned  to  him 
among  its  highest  names. 

Against  his  authorship  of  Junius,  dates  and  dis- 
tances interject  apiei'7-e  d'achoppement  which  can- 
not lightly  be  pushed  aside,  and  may  not  be 
jumped  over.  I  leave  those  who  have  more  time 
and  opportunity  for  consulting  Irish  records  than 
are  possessed  by  me  to  deal  with  them :  for,  as 
another  Hibernian  celebrity.  Sir  Boyle  Roche, 
observed,  "A  man  cannot  aisily  be  in  two  places 
at  once,  barrin'  he  is  a  bird."  So,  if  H.  F.,  upon 
his  little  affair  with  Mr.  Agar,  was  actually  a  jail- 
bird in  the  Kilkenny  cage  from  September  '69 
to  Aprir70,  he  could  not  well  have  been  in*  Lon- 
don during  that  period.  But  Irish  justice  ninety 
years  ago  was  not  over-particular  —  in  cases  of 
the  Duello  especially — with  patrician  delinquents  ; 
and  few  judges  then  on  the  Bench  knew  how  soon 


Harry  Flood's  might  not  be  their  own  turn.  It 
is  not  impossible,  therefore,  that  bad  was  accepted, 
and  the  gentleman  homicide  uncaged  to  ply  his 
beak  and  talons  upon  the  Junian  quarry.* 

Colonel  Luttrell  had  experience  enough,  personal 
and  parliamentary,  of  "  that  d— d  fellow,  Harry 
Flood,"  to  identify  him  with  Junius ;  and  so  had 
poor  Jerry  Dyson  —  the  "fears"  of  that  good- 
natured  essayist  for  the  loss  of  Jerry's  Irish  pen- 
sion notwithstanding.  Electro-biology  might  not 
have  been  understood  in  November,  1771  ;  but 
assuredly,  either  Junius's  spirit  visited  Flood  in 
Dublin  on  the  2oth  of  that  month,  or  Flood's 
spirit  flashed  over  to  Junius  in  London  on  the 
27th.  Let  philosophers  determine  which.  Sir 
Lawrence  Parsons's  anecdote  (he  was  Lord  Rosse's 
ancestor)  claims  our  more  serious  attention.  H. 
F.'s  "fixed  look"  at  his  wife,  when  he  suddenly 
entered  the  room  and  found  her  ladyship  chatter- 
ing away  on  the  propriety  of  Junius  making  his 
real  name  known,  raises  a  very  distinct  inference 
from  those  "  ambiguous  givings-out"  and  "  tricks 
of  custom"  which  pretenders  are  so  apt  to  prac- 
tise. I  have  heard  another  of  my  Tory  friends  — 
John  Taylor,  of  The  Sun  —  tell  a  pleasant  instance 
of  Sir  Philip  Francis  in  this  particular.  Sir  Boyle 
Roche's  dictum,  however,  abides  unshaken ;  and 
the  gods  will  not  annihilate  space  and  time,  even 
to  make  lovers  or  critics  happy.  And  now,  once 
mora  acknowledging  the  kindness  and  confidence 
extended  to  me  in  "N.  &  Q..,"  I  leave  my  com- 
munications —  subsidiarily  to  that  truth  which  we 
all  desire  to  see  established — to  their 

Valeat  Quantum. 

[The  accuracy  of  our  correspondent's  sugges- 
tion, that  Flood  may  not  have  been  imprisoned 
until  his  (rial,  but  out  upon  bail,  is  confirmed  by 
the  following  cutting  from  an  Irish  paper  which 
has  been  discovered  since  our  Note  {ante,  p.  103.) 
was  written  :  — 

«  Dublin,  Sept.  26, 1769.  Henry  Flood,  Esq.,  who  lately 
accepted  a  challenge  from  James  Agar  of  liingwood,  Esq!, 
who  fired  the  first  pistol,  which  was  returned  by  another 
shot  from  Mr.  Flood,  and  which  killed  Mr.  Agar,  is  ad- 
mitted to  bail  on  a  security  of  20,000/." 

This  appears  to  us  to  confirm  the  argument  that 
Flood  could  not  have  been  Junius ;  for  it  could 
scarcely  be  supposed  that  he  who  had  killed  Agar 
in  a  duel  on  the  26th  August,  had  consequently 
an  indictment  for  murder  impending  over  him, 
and  was  forced  to  find  bail  for  20,000/.,  would  at 
that  anxious  period  have  written   no  less  -than 

*  This  volucrine  metaphor  was  applied  to  Henry  Flood 
in  a  reciprocation  of  those  charming  amenities  which  in 
his  daj's  delighted  the  Irish  House  of  Commons,  and  in 
which  he  sometimes  got  as  good  as  he  gave.  An  angry 
opponent,  with  allusion  to  his  features,  and,  it  may  be,  to 
some  personal  mishap,  pointed  him  out  as  a  vulture 
hanging  over  his  prey,  with  "a  broken  beak  and  a  cada- 
verous aspect."  —  Tantctne  animis  ccelestibus. 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«  S.  MIL  Sept.  3.  '69. 


three  letters  in  the  character  of  Junius  to  the 
Public  Advertiser.'] 

I  thought  people  were  chiefly  disposed  to  consider 
Junius  s  Letters  the  production  of  Sir  Philip  Fran- 
cis, K.B.,  still  not  so  universally  but  it  may  be 
considered  a  moot  point,  though  time  perhaps  is 
advancing  to  cover  the  subject  with  an  impene- 
trable veil.  At  p.  102.  of  "  N.  &  Q."  there  is 
mention  made  of  a  "  Classic  Commentator,"  who 
compared  the  satire  of  Henry  Flood  with  the 
epigrammatic  severity  of  Archilocus.  This  "Com- 
mentator" was  a  man  of  most  transcendent  talents, 
■whose  prose  compositions  have  scarcely  any  rival, 
and  who  was  the  subject  of  inquiry  under  the 
name  of  Delta  (P'  S.  x.  134.).  He  was  the 
Rev.  John  Robt.  Scott,  D.D.,  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  and  was  author  of  a  work  of  214  pages,  en- 
titled A  Review  of  the  Principal  Characters  of  the 
Irish  House  of  Commons.,  by  Falkland,  Dublin, 
MDCCLXxxix.  At  pp.  203 — 209.  is  a  character  of 
Henry  Flood;  and  at  pp.  177 — 181.  of  Warden 
Flood,  a  kinsman  of  Henry,  who  was  endeavour- 
ing to  follow  in  the  steps  of  the  latter,  but  "  non 
passibus  sequis."  The  description  of  Henry  Flood 
is  a  fine  specimen  of  elegant  composition,  and  in- 
clines one  to  think  it  not  improbable  that  he 
might  write  such  a  book  as  Junius.  To  curtail 
what  Falkland  has  written  for  your  columns  is 
impracticable;  and  although  the  work  is  ex- 
tremely scarce,  yet,  if  it  can  be  found,  it  will  well 
repay  the  perusal.  *• 

SUNDRY   BEFLIES. 

The  following  remarks  have  been  delayed  by 
press  of  other  business,  and  may  conveniently  be 
collected  in  one  article. 

Eliminate  (2°^  S.  vii.  234.)  — Till  very  re- 
cently this  word  was  used  only  by  mathematicians, 
and  always  in  the  sense  of  eliminare,  to  drive  out 
of  doors,  to  get  rid  of  When  it  was  said  that 
Ohm  eliminated  the  laws  of  the  current,  the 
word  was  incorrectly  used,  and  made  synonymous 
with  extrahere,  instead  of  expellere,  by  a  person 
who  supposed  himself  outside  the  house.  It  is  to 
be  hoped  that  this  inverted  use  will  not  become 
common. 

(2"'*  S.  iii.  272.;  vii.  244.)—!  attribute  the 
anathema  against  the  nature  of  things  to  Person 
merely  because  I  have  seen  it  so  attributed  in  va- 
rious places  during  the  last  thirty  years.  The 
fitness  of  things  requires  that  the  story  should  be 
told  of  a  metaphysical  drink-hard,  which  Person 
was,  and  Fielding  was  not.  No  doubt  this  kind 
of  anathema  suggested  itself  to  many  before  either 
of  the  two  was  born. 

Dr.  Waits  (2'^d  S.  v.  523. ;  vii.  279.  362.)  —  It  is 
useless  to  prove  that  Watts  was  of  orthodox  pro- 


fession in  the  bulk  of  his  life  and  writings.  No- 
body doubts  it.  What  is  wanted  is,  first,  the 
contents  of  his  last  pamphlet,  which  nobody  pro- 
duces, and  secondly,  the  confirmation  or  refu- 
tation of  a  story  which  I  have  often  read,  and 
which  is  not,  I  think,  alluded  to  in  the  references 
above.  It  is  that  Watts,  towards  the  close  of  his 
life,  wanted  to  make  some'alteratlons  in  his  well- 
known  hymns,  and  especially  in  the  doxologies ; 
but  that  his  publishers,  who  held  copyright, 
would  not  consent.  The  narrators  of  this  story 
imply  that  the  alterations  would  have  made  the 
hymns  heretical. 

It  is  curious  that  in  the  logical  example  (vii. 
364.)  of  induction.  Watts  has  committed  a  palpa- 
ble paralogism.  He  might  as  well  have  said  that 
a  proposition  which  cannot  |be  proved  from  any 
one  book  of  Euclid  cannot  be  proved  from  Euclid, 
that  is,  from  two  or  more  books  together. 

vTroffTcuns  (2"*  S.  vii.  441.)  —  The  words  olala 
and  vTr6<TTaffis,  so  different  to  metaphysicians  and  to 
theologians,  have  led  to  a  number  of  things  worthy 
of  note.  I  am  reminded  by  the  article  referred  to 
of  the  Precepta  Doctrinae  Logicce,  Ethicce,  Physicce, 
Metapht/sica,  Sphericteque  of  John  Stierius,  4to., 
of  which  I  know  only  London  editions.  Of  these 
seven  at  least  were  published  in  the  seventeenth 
century.  The  work  may  be  strongly  recom- 
mended to  any  one  who  wishes  to  have,  in  a  very 
small  compass,  a  digest  of  the  mediaeval  philoso- 
phy. In  the  logic,  Stierius  gives  the  Greek  of  all 
the  technical  terms  and  the  great  maxims  :  the 
pages  swarm  with  quotations  from  Aristotle.  In 
the  metaphysics  there  is  not  a  word  of  Greek.  It 
is  true  that  Stierius  here  depends  more  on  Sua- 
rez,  Mendoza,  &c.  than  on  Aristotle :  but  there 
is  enough  of  and  from  Aristotle  to  make  the  ab- 
sence of  Greek  words  remarkable.  I  conjecture 
that  Stierius  thought  that  o'vaia  and  inrSffTuffis,  used 
as  they  must  be  in  a  metaphysical  work,  would 
offend  the  theological  eye.  Perhaps  some  of  your 
readers  may  know  of  other  instances ;  and  these 
may  suggest  other  reasons. 

Weapon-salve  (2°'*  S.  vii.  445.) — I  said  that 
White's  translation  of  1658  was  a  second  edition, 
because  the  title-page  of  my  copy  has  the  words 
second  edition.  Probably  R.  S.  Q.  and  myself 
have  copies  of  the  same  impression  with  different 
title-pages.  The  French  original,  now  established, 
purports  to  be  a  lecture  given  en  une  celebre  assem- 
hlee :  it  is  commonly  supposed  that  this  was  the 
Academy  of  Montpellier.  I  should  be  very  glad 
to  know  whether  the  French  work  mentions  this 
Academy  as  the  one  in  question.  I  have,  on  the 
whole,  some  doubts  that  Digby  really  wrote  this 
tract :  but  I  cannot  make  farther  investigation  at 
present. 

Natural  (2"*  S.  vii.  475.)  —  Another  use  of  this 
word  will  serve  to  illustrate.    In  law  books  we 


2>">  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


191 


read  of  the  Sovereign's  natui'al  subjects  and  iiative 
subjects,  meaning  born  subjects,  without  any  refer- 
ence to  tlie  derived  sense  of  the  word  nature. 
Accordingly,  it  seems  that  all  the  children  of  a 
woman  are  natural,  i.  e.  born  of  her,  as  opposed  to 
step-children  and  adopted  children :  while  those 
born  in  wedlock  are  also  laivful.  The  coarse  term 
bastard  was  supplanted  by  the  word  natural,  in 
the  sense  of  no  more  than  natural.  To  find  out 
who  first  thus  used  it  would  indeed  be  looking 
for  a  needle  in  a  bundle  of  hay ;  and  to  such  a 
discoverer,  should  he  appear,  I  would  submit  the 
farther  questions,  who  first  used  the  word  Deist  in 
the  sense  of  no  more  than  Deist?  and  who  first 
described  a  lady  who  was  worse  than  she  should 
be  as  no  better  than  she  should  be.  The  same 
law  of  formation  runs  through  all  these  changes. 

The  style  is  the  man  himself  (2^^  S.  vi.  308. ; 
vii.  502.)  —  The  germ  of  this  idea  seems  to  lurk 
in  the  Greek  adage,  'Xvlphs  x°-P'^i^'''VP  ^«  x6yov  yvw 
pi^erai,  which  passes,  I  believe,  for  a  fragment  of 
one  of  the  comedians. 

Squaring  the  Circle  (2"'>  S.  viii.  8.  58.)  — The 
conclusion  to  be  drawn  about  exercises  of  this 
kind  is  that  four  letters  are  nothing  at  all ;  that 
five  letters  are  so  easy  that  nothing  is  worth  no- 
tice unless  the  combination  have  meaning;  that 
six  letters,  done  in  any  way,  are  respectable ;  and 
that  seven  letters  would  be  a  triumph.  I  have 
seen  only  one  combination  of  five  letters  with 
meaning,  as  follows,  given  me  by  the  friend  who 
made  it :  — • 

LEAVE 
ELLEN 
ALONE 
V   E   N   O  M 

EN   E  M  Y 

George  Sinclar'(2"^  S.  viii.  67.)  —  Though  of 
Tio  less  designation  than  Professor  in  the  Univer- 
sity of  Glasgow,  this  worthy  was  ridiculous  in  his 
day.  James  Gregory,  a  better  known  mathema- 
tician, calls  him  a  "  pitiful  ignorant  fellow."  One 
Sanders,  whom  he  had  attacked  in  print,  assisted 
by  James  Gregory,  published  in  1672,  under  the 
name  of  Patrick  Mathers,  archbeadle  of  St.  An- 
drews, a  satire  against  Sinclar,  entitled  The  great 
and  new  Art  of  weighing  Vanity.  Baron  Maseres 
reprinted  this  tract,  in  compliment  to  James  Gre- 
gory's memory,  in  his  Scriptores  Optici,  London, 
1823,  4to.  See  also  the  Macclesfield  Correspon- 
dence, ii.  241.  248.  255.  Sinclar  was  professor  of 
philosophy,  which  in  his  day  did  not  include  phy- 
sics, and  he  had  been  writing  on  hydrostatics  in 
the  way  in  which  people  write  who  do  not  know 
their  subjects.  The  satire  is  sometimes  entered 
in  catalogues  as  the  genuine  work  of  Patrick  Mat- 
thews. 

Cambridge  Costume  (2"'^  S.  viii.  74.) ;  Squaring  the 
Circle  and  the  converse;  Harry-Sophister  (viii.  86.)  ; 
and  Mock  Disptdations. — The  square  cap  is  rounded 


at  the  edges  by  wear,  so  that  a  Harry-Soph  often 
has  a  circular  tile.  There  was  never  any  doubt 
about  this  word  when  I  was  at  Cambridge,  though 
it  was  then  almost  out  of  use.  The  undergradu- 
ates of  the  three  years  were  and  are  freshmen. 
Junior  Sophisters  or  Sophs,  and  Senior  Sophs. 
During  the  fraction  of  the  fourth  year  in  which 
the  undergraduate  passed  his  examinations  and 
took  his  degree,  being  then  of  something  more 
advanced  than  even  senior  wisdom,  he  was  kpi<To(po^^ 
awfully  wise,  and  hence  the  word  Harry-Soph. 
I  have  seen  this  derivation  several  times  in  print 
and  heard  it  from  old  stagers;  but  I  believe  it  was 
only  an  undergraduate's  word. 

To  return  to  the  circular  tile.  The  Harry- 
Sophs  used  to  be  subjected  to  a  certain  num- 
ber of  mock  disputations  in  the  schools,  over 
and  above  the  real  ones,  to  make  up  the  sta- 
tutable number.  I  remember  that  the  father 
of  my  college  took  us  all  into  the  schools,  as- 
sumed the  moderator's  pulpit,  and  made  a  pair  of 
us  occupy  the  respondent's  and  opponent's  boxes. 
The  mock  respondent  then  said  Recte  statuit  New- 
to7ius,  to  which  the  mock  opponent  answered  Recte 
non  statuit  Newtonus.  This  was  a  disputation,  and 
it  was  repeated  as  many  times  as  the  statutes  re- 
quired. The  parties  then  changed  their  sides  of 
tlie  house,  and  each  maintained  the  contrary  of 
his  first  assertion.  I  remember  thinking  that  it 
was  capital  practice  for  the  House  of  Commons, 
if  any  of  us  should  happen  to  get  there.  It  had 
been  customary  to  introduce  all  manner  of  fun 
into  this  mock  proceeding,  and  the  following  story 
was  told  in  my  day.  A  young  gentleman  who 
was  not  conspicuous  for  mathematics  was  asked  by 
the  mock  moderator,  in  the  mock  Latin  for  which 
the  schools  were  so  famous,  Domine  respondens, 
quid  fecisti  in  Academia  triennium  commorans; 
Anne  circidum  quadrasti\f  To  which  the  respon- 
dent made  answer,  showing  his  tile,  Minime  !  Do- 
mine eruditissime  !  sed  quadratum  omnino  circulavi. 

A.  De  Morgan. 


OBIGINAL   OF    THE   FAUST   LEGENDS. 

(2°'»  S.  viii.  87.) 

Respecting  Theophilus,  whose  fall  and  conver- 
sion are  said  to  form  the  original  of  all  the  Faust 
legends,  the  following  account  is  derived  from  Die 
Geschichte  vom  Faust  in  Reimen;  Die  Deutsche 
Volksbiicher  von  Faust  und  Werner,  being  the  4tU 
vol.  of  " Doctor  Johann  Fav^t"  von  J.  Scheible, 
(Stuttgart,  1849).  This  volume  is  a  reprint  of 
Professor  Reichlin-Meldegg's  valuable  work  on 
Faust  and  Wagner ;  and  concludes  with  the  lives 
of  the  sorcerers  Bacon,  Zyto,  Rausch,  &c.  from 
Thorns'  Early  Prose  Romances,  and  from  other 
works. 

Theophilus  was  Vicedominus  (i-  ^-  the  next  in 
clerical  rank  to  the  bishop)  in  the  sixth  century, 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59. 


Tinder  Justinian  I,,  in  Ada,  a  city  of  Cicilia.  The 
office  of  bishop  fell  to  him,  but  he  declined  it,  and 
remained  vicedominus.  The  new  bishop  wished 
to  depose  him,  and  therefore  Theophilus  applied 
to  a  Jew,  who  had  the  reputation  of  being  a  ne- 
cromancer. The  Jew  made  an  appointment  with 
him  for  the  next  night  in  order  to  bring  him  be- 
fore his  patron.  When  he  came,  the  Jew  said  to 
him,  "  Do  not  be  afraid  at  what  you  may  hear  or 
see,  whatever  it  may  be  ;  forbear  also  from  mak- 
ing the  sign  of  the  cross."  The  Jew  conducted 
him  to  the  neighbourhood  of  the  city,  and  after 
he  had  made  the  required  engagement,  the  Jew 
showed  him  a  multitude  of  people  in  white  clothes, 
and  provided  with  lights,  who  uttered  loud  cries, 
and  with  the  prince  sitting  in  their  midst.  This 
was  the  devil,  and  these  were  his  servants.  The 
Jew  took  Theophilus  by  the  hand,  and  led  him 
before  Satan.  Theophilus  promised  all,  and  kissed 
Satan's  feet.  "  If  he  will  be  my  servant,"  said 
Satan,  "  I  will  help  him."  Theophilus  must,  in  the 
first  place,  renounce  Christ  the  son  of  Mary  and 
then  the  Blessed  Virgin,  and  bind  himself  to  a 
document  signed  with  his  own  hand.  According 
to  his  wish,  he  was  the  next  day  installed  by  the 
bishop  in  all  honour.  The  good  (sic)  vicedomi- 
nus soon  repented  of  his  devilish  step.  He  threw 
himself  down  before  a  temple  to  Mary,  and  fasted 
and  prayed,  in  the  manner  of  our  Lord,  forty 
days  and  nights.  At  length  the  Blessed  Virgin 
appeared  to  him  at  midnight.  Theopliilus  recited 
an  orthodox  confession  of  faith,  and  begged  she 
would  intercede  for  him  with  her  Son.  Mary 
vanished,  and  appeared  again  beaming  with  radi- 
ance. After  the  bishop  (sic)  had  again  fasted  and 
wept  for  three  days  and  nights,  and  she  made  pro- 
mises to  him  in  her  Son's  name,  the  repentant 
Theophilus  vowed  reformation  once  more,  and  was 
so  circumspect  as  to  long  to  get  back  the  docu- 
ment which  he  gave  ip  the  devil.  After  three 
days  of  prayer  the  Blessed  Virgin  appeared  to 
him  the  third  time  with  the  document,  which  she 
laid  upon  his  breast  while  asleep.  With  this 
document  he  went  into  the  church  on  a  Sunday 
morning,  gave  it  to  the  bishop,  related,  repent- 
ingly,  his  contract  with  Satan  ;  and  the  bishop, 
who  received  him  to  grace,  commanded  him,  in 
the  presence  of  the  people,  to  commit  the  fatal 
contract  with  the  devil  to  the  flames.  The  face  of 
Theophilus,  on  this  occasion,  beamed  like  the  sun. 
The  good  vicedominus  lay  three  days  on  the  spot 
where  Mary  first  appeared  to  him,  took  leave  of 
his  friends,  and  departed.  The  repentant  vicedo- 
minus was  declared  to  be  holy.*  The  legend  of 
Militarius  is  said  to  be  founded  on  that  of  Theo- 
philus :  a  bibliographical  work  on  the  literature  of 
the  Faust  legends,  to  the  end  of  1850,  was  com- 
piled and  published  in  a  thin  8vo.  hj  Franz  Peter. 

*  Vincent.  Belluac.  Hist.  Spec.  b.  xxi.  c.  G9,  70. 


A  2nd,  enlarged,  and  improved  edition  appeared 
in  1851  (Leipzig).  J.  Macray. 


TRICOLOK,   OHIGIN    OF,    AS    THE    FLAG    OF  FRANCE. 

(2"^  S.  vi.  164.,  &c.) 

I  ventured,  on  the  authority  of  an  eminent 
Frenchman,  to  state  that  the  tricolor  flag  was 
originally  the  colours  of  the  Orleans  family,  and 
adopted  by  the  people  at  the  time  Philippe  I'Ega- 
lite  was  in  the  height  of  his  popularity.  Several 
correspondents  denied  this,  giving  the  usual  story 
of  the  union  of  the  white  of  Bourbon  with  the  red 
and  blue  colours  of  the  city  of  Paris  :  they  did 
not,  however,  state  the  authorities  when  asked  for 
them  (p.  335.).  It  always  appeared  to  me  most 
incomprehensible  that  the  people  should  adopt 
the  colour  of  the  monarch  against  whom  they  had 
rebelled,  and  of  the  troops  .they  were  about  to 
attack.  On  looking  into  the  interesting  Memoirs 
of  Mrs.  Elliott,  I  find  (p.  33.)  her  account  is 
exactly  that  of  my  friend — that  the  populace  took 
the  Orleans  colours,  red,  blue,  and  white,  instead 
of  green,  which  colour  they  had  formerly  adopted. 
From  the  nature  of  her  connexion  with  the  un- 
happy Duke  of  Orleans,  and  her  presence  at  all 
these  events,  that  lady  must  have  known  the  truth 
of  all  particulars  she  relates.  For  my  own  part  I 
did  not  chance  to  remember  that  green  was  ever 
the  republican  colour,  and  thought  it  a  good  point 
on  which  to  test  her  accuracy  ;  but  on  consulting 
the  large  work —  Tableaux  Bistoriques  de  la  Re- 
volution, Paris,  large  folio,  1789,  &c,  —  there  is 
this  account:  —  On  the  night  of  the  11th  July, 
after  the  dismissal  of  Necker,  was  the  first  meet- 
ing of  the  populace  in  the  Palais  Royal.  They 
were  there  harangued  by  Camille  Desmoullns,  who 
told  them  "  there  was  no  resource  but  to  fly  to* 
arms,  and  take  a  cockade  by  which  to  recognise 
each  other."  He  was  rapturously  applauded,  and 
went  on:  "What  colours  will  you  have?  Cry 
out !  Choose  !  Will  you  have  green,  the  colour 
of  hope  ?  or  the  blue  of  Cincinnatus,  the  colour  of 
the  liberty  of  America  and  of  democracy  ?"  The 
people  cried,  "  The  green,  the  colour  of  hope." 
This  seems,  however,  to  have  been  in  use  for  a 
very  short  time  :  for  in  the  same  volume,  only  a 
few  days  after  (see  p.  44,),  a  story  is  told  of  the 
sale  of  tricolor  cockades — "qui  venolent  d'etre 
substltuc  'h  la  cocarde  verte."  The  truth  of 
Mrs.  Elliott's  account  being  thus  confirmed  in 
one  point,  is  it  unreasonable  to  believe  her  on  the 
other,  more  especially  as  it  is  confirmed  by  the 
testimony  of  a  very  intelligent  Frenchman  ?  Your 
readers  must  remember  it  is  not  a  question  whe- 
ther the  National  Assembly  adopted  the  tricolor, 
or  that  it  was  oflfered  to  the  king,  or  that  Lafayette 
made  a  thrasonical  speech  about  it,  but  whence 
was  it  originally  taken  ?    Perhaps  some  readers 


2''^  S.  YIII.  Sept.  3.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  better  versed  in  the  history  of  the 
period,  could  find  something  that  would  confirm 
or  disprove  Mrs.  Elliott's  account.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


MAJOB   DUNCANSON    AND   THE    MASSACEE    OF 
GLENCOE. 

(2"^  S.  viii.  109.) 

Not  having  seen  Blackwood's  Magazine  for  the 
present  month,  I  cannot  say  what  view  is  taken 
by  the  writer  of  the  article  contained  therein  re- 
lative to  the  conduct  of  Major  Robert  Duncan- 
son.  I  am  unable  to  establish  Duncanson's  identity, 
as  I  cannot  trace  his  military  career,  but  it  is  cer- 
tain that  a  Robert  Duncanson  succeeded  George 
Wade  as  colonel  of  the  33rd  regiment,  February 
12th,  1705.  He  was,  I  think,  wounded  May  8th, 
same  year,  at  the  siege  of  Valencia  de  Alcantara, 
and  probably  died  in  1717,  as  he  was  succeeded 
on  March  12th  of  that  year  by  Lieut.-Col.  Henry 
Hawley,  who  was  promoted  to  the  colonelcy  of 
the  33rd  Regiment  from  the  4th  Dragoons.  The 
latter  officer  died  March  24th,  1759,  being  then 
Colonel  of  the  Royal  Dragoons. 

The  massacre  of  Glencoe  occurred  on  February 
13th,  1692,  and  I  believe  that  the  regiments,  of 
which  some  members  committed  the  massacre, 
were  commanded  by  Colonel  John  Hill  and  Archi- 
bald, tenth  Earl,  and  subsequently  first  Duke,  of 
Argyll.  Duncanson  was  Major  of  the  Earl  of 
Argyll's  regiment,  which  was  embodied  in  April, 
1689,  and  was  disbanded  in  1697,  after  the  Treaty 
of  Ryswick,  owing  to  a  vote  of  the  House  of  Com- 
mons "that  all  the  forces  raised  since  the  year 
1680  should  be  disbanded,"  and  that  the  standing 
army  should  be  reduced  to  10,000  men. 

At  the  time  of  the  massacre  there  was,  I  regret 
to  say,  a  Colonel  John  Hill  in  our  army,  who  issued 
an  order  dated  February  12th,  1692,  from  Fort 
William  in  Scotland,  to  Lieut.-Col.  James  Hamil-- 
toune  to  "  march  straight  to  Glencoe  with  four 
hundred  men  of  my  regiment,  and  four  hundred 
men  of  my  Lord  Argyle's  regiment  under  the 
command  of  Major  Duncanson,  and  there  put  in 
due  execution  the  orders  you  have  received  from 
the  Commander-in-Chief." 

A  Colonel  John  Hill  was  appointed  to  the  co- 
lonelcy of  the  11th  Regiment,  May  8th,  1705,  on 
which  day  Duncanson  was  wounded  at  Valencia 
de  Alcantara.  This  Colonel  Hill  was  a  brigadier 
at  the  unfortunate  battle  of  Almanza,  April  27th, 
1707,  where  he  led  the  11th  Regiment,  and  was 
taken  prisoner  along  with  fourteen  other  officers 
of  that  corps.  He  commanded  the  same  regiment 
at  the  siege  of  Mons,  and  was  wounded,  Septem- 
ber 26th,  1709,  during  the  siege,  which  ended 
October  21st,  same  year,  by  the  surrender  of  the 
French  garrison  to  the  British  army.  He  was 
succeeded  in  the  colonelcy  of  the  11th  Regiment, 


July  30th,  1715,  by  Colonel  Edward  Montague; 
and  Colonel  Hill  probably  died  at  that  period,  as 
I  cannot  trace  his  removal  to  the  colonelcy  of  any 
other  regiment. 

I  refer  your  readers  to  Professor  Aytoun's  Lays 
of  the  Scottish  Cavaliers,  edition  of  1840,  pp.  118  to 
132.  inclusive,  and  to  Brown's  History  of  the 
Highlanders  and  Highland  Clans^  for  an  account 
of  the  cold-blooded  piece  of  state  policy  known 
and  abhorred  as  the  "  Massacre  of  Glencoe." 

G.  L.  S. 


ORIGIN    OF   THE   JUDGES     BLACK   CAP, 

(2"'^  S.  viii.  130.) 

Zedler  mentions,  under  Miilze,  that  certain 
priests  of  N.  Africa  used  to  put  on  a  cap  before 
officiating,  in  order  to  stop  their  ears  against  every 
sound  that  might  interfere  with  their  duties.  In 
like  manner  it  might  be  supposed  that  the  judge, 
when  about  to  pronounce  on  a  criminal  the  ex- 
treme sentence  of  the  law,  puts  on  the  cap  as  an 
intimation  that  he  can  now  give  ear  to  no  one, 
and  that  Justice  must  for  the  occasion  be  deaf,  as 
formerly  represented  blind. 

With  us,  however,  while  the  judge  wears  a  cap 
when  he  condemns  a  prisoner  to  death,  the  pri- 
soner also  wears  a  cap  when  he  is  executed.  Both 
these  practices  are  of  ancient  origin. 

The  practice  of  covering  the  criminal's  head 
when  he  suffered  death  was  Roman ;  e.  g,  "  qui 
parentem  necassit,  caput  obnubito,  coleoque  insu- 
tus  in  profluentem  mergitor."  (XH.  Tables.^  So 
in  Cicero  pro  Rob.,  "  caput  obnubito,  arbori  infelici 
suspendito."  Hence  the  nightcap  of  our  modern 
hangings,  though  the  hanging  itself  is  diflferent. 
The  ancient  Germans  employed  for  a  similar  pur- 
pose a  black  clothj  swarte  doc,  or  schwartze  Tuch. 
(Grimm,  Deutsche  Reehts  Alter thilmer,  p.  684.) 

The  practice  of  our  judges,  in  putting  on  a 
black  cap  when  they  condemn  a  criminal  to  death, 
will  be  found,  on  consideration,  to  have  a  deep 
and  sad  significance.  Covering  the  head  was  in 
ancient  days  a  sign  of  mourning.  "  Haman  hasted 
to  his  house,  mourning  and  having  his  head  co- 
vered." (Esth.  vi.  12.)  In  like  manner  Demo- 
sthenes, when  insulted  by  the  populace,  went  home 
with  his  head  covered.  "  And  David  .  .  .  wept 
as  he  went  up,  and  had  his  head  covered ;  .  .  .  . 
and  all  the  people  that  was  with  him  covered 
every  man  his  head  and  they  went  up,  weeping 
as  they  went  up."  (2  Sam.  xv.  30.)  Darius, 
too,  covered  his  head  on  learning  the  death  of  his 
queen.  But,  amongst  ourselves,  we  find  traces 
of  a  similar  mode  of  expressing  grief,  at  funerals. 
The  mourners  had  the  hood  "  drawn  forward  over 
the  head.''  (Fosbroke,  Encyc.  of  Antiq.  p.  951.) 
Indeed  the  hood  drawn  forward  thus  over  the 
head,  is  still  part  of  the  mourning  habiliment  of 
females,  when  they  follow  the  corpse.     And  with 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59. 


this  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  that,  as  far  back 
as  the  time  of  Chaucer,  the  most  usual  colour  of 
mourning  was  black.  Atropos  also,  who  held  the 
fatal  scissors  which  cut  short  the  life  of  man,  was 
clothed  in  black.  When,  therefore,  the  judge  puts 
on  the  black  cap,  it  is  a  very  significant  as  well  as 
solemn  procedure.  He  puts  on  mourning ;  for  he 
is  about  to  pronounce  the  forfeit  of  a  life  !  And 
accordingly  the  act  itself,  the  putting  on  of  the 
black  cap,  is  generally  understood  to  be  significant. 
It  intimates  that  the  judge  is  about  to  pronounce 
no  merely  registered  or  supposititious  sentence ; 
in  the  very  formula  of  condemnation  he  has  put 
himself  in  mourning  for  the  convicted  culprit,  as 
for  a  dead  man.  The  criminal  is  then  left  for  exe- 
cution, and,  unless  mercy  exert  its  sovereign 
prerogative,  suffers  the  sentence  of  the  law.  The 
mourning  cap  expressively  indicates  his  doom. 

Thomas  Boys. 


ST.  PATRICK  S  BIDGES. 

(2"0  S.  viii.  89.) 

In  the  collection  of  Letters  which  Dr.  Richard 
Parr  subjoined  to  his  Life  of  Ussher  (Lond.  1686, 
folio)  is  one  "  from  the  Bishop  of  Kilmore  to  the 
most  Reverend  James  Ussher,  Archbishop  Elect  of 
Armagh,"  dated  "March  26,  1624,"  in  which  the 
writer,  complaining  of  the  spoliation  of  the  Irish 
Church's^  revenue,  says  "  Impropriators  in  all 
places  may  hold  all  ancient  customs,  only  they 
upon  whom  the  cure  of  souls  is  laid  are  debarr'd  : 
St.  Patrick's  Ridges,  which  you  know  belonged 
to  the  Fabrick  of  that  church,  are  taken  away  ;" 
and  he  adds,  "  The  more  is  taken  away  from  the 
king's  clergy,  the  more  accrues  to  the  Pope's :  and 
the  servitors  and  undertakers,  who  should  be  in- 
struments for  settling  a  church,  do  hereby  advance 
their  rents,  and  make  the  church  poor."  This 
letter  is  numbered  LXXX.  in  Parr's  Collections, 
and  LXXXIV.  in  Dr.  Elrington's.  {Works  of  \ 
Ussher,  vol.  xv.  p.  272.)  The  late  editor  has  not 
exactly  adhered  to  the  orthography  of  Parr's  edi- 
tion, from  which  he  professed  to  print,  and  he  has 
omitted  to  retain  the  former  numeration,  which  I 
think  he  should  have  given  within  brackets  in 
those  instances  where  the  two  series  did  not  coin- 
cide. Nor  has  he  effected  a  strict  chronological 
arrangement,  although  he  thence  deduces  a  rea- 
son for  changing  the  order  of  the  Letters  pub- 
lished by  Parr.  He  has  not  even  remarked  the 
impropriety  of  styling  Ussher  "  Archbishop  elect" 
there  not  being  in  Ireland  any  form  of  canonical 
election  and  confirmation,  consequently  no  conge 
(Teslier,  the  sees  being  all  donative,  conferred  as  if 
they  were  so  many  civil  offices  by  letters  patent 
from  the  Crown.  Of  this  it  might  have  been  ex- 
pected that  Dr.  Elrington  would  have  informed 
his  readers.  In  his  Life  of  Ussher,  pp.  69,  70.,  he 
has  quoted  this  Letter  of  the  Bishop  of  Kilraore's 


more  correctly  than  he  afterwards  printed  it  in 
the  collected  Works,  and  in  a  note  he  says, 
"Among  the  duties  reserved  in  ancient  leases, 
that  denominated  Ridges  occurs  frequently ;  it 
appears  probable  that  a  certain  number  of  days  in 
harvest  to  which  the  lord  was  intitled  became 
commuted,  and  the  duty  ascertained  by  the  mea- 
sure of  the  pace  in  reference  to  that  of  time ; 
hence  a  Ridge  of  work  in  sowing  or  reaping  be- 
came by  mutual  consent  a  substitute  for  the  ser- 
vice of  one  or  more  days."  And  he  quotes  from 
Mason's  History  of  St.  Patrick" s  Cathedral,  p.  71., 
a  statement  in  Ussher's  Proctors  Book  for  1606, 
showing  that  he  had  in  that  year  received  several 
payments  for  St.  Patrick's  Ridges  in  several 
places. 

I  would  conjecture  that  the  name  of  St.  Pa- 
trick's Ridges  alludes  rather  to  some  ancient  mode 
of  tithing  in  Ireland. 

For  an  account  of  Thomas  Moygne,  Bishop  of 
Kilmore,  1612  to  1628,  whose  letter  shows  that 
those  "  Ridges "  had  been  only  recently  taken 
away  in  1624,  see  Harris'  Ware,  vol.  i.  p.  231.,  and 
the  very  useful,  because  accurate,  work  of  Arch- 
deacon Cotton,  Fasti  Ecclesice  Hihernicce,  vol.  iii. 
p.  157.  Abtekus. 

Dublin. 


CHATTERTON    MANUSCRIPT. 

(2"d  S.  viii.  94.) 

The  description  of  Bristoliensis  leaves  no 
doubt  of  the  identity  of  the  MS.  referred  to;  and 
the  librarian  of  the  Bristol  Literary  Institution 
has  recognised  it,  as  having  been  taken  there  for 
comparison  with  Chatterton's  will  by  some  gentle- 
man whose  name  has  been  forgotten — probably 
Bristoliensis  himself.  If,  however,  it  was  pro- 
nounced spurious  upon  comparison  with  any  other 
portion  of  that  document  than  the  signature,  it 
was  perhaps  a  hasty  conclusion.  The  will  is  writ- 
ten in  a  stiff  and  formal  copying-hand,  with  no 
more  character  than  in  the  writing  of  any  other 
attorney's  clerk  of  the  period  ;  and  compared  with 
the  signature  (which  agrees  with  my  MS.)  would, 
to  the  suspicious,  furnish  evidence  against  its 
authenticity.  There  is  strong  internal  evidence 
in  favour  of  the  MS.  being  an  original  composi- 
tion, in  the  frequent  change  of  epithets  and  nu- 
merous corrections,  contradicting  the  assumption 
that  it  is  only  a  modernised  fragment  of  JElla  by 
Seyer.  The  water-mark  in  two  leaves  of  the  will 
is  identical  with  the  MS.,  and  the  paper  is  of 
similar  texture. 

Is  there  any  evidence  that  Chatterton  ever  ex- 
hibited a  single  scrap  of  the  supposed  literary 
labours  of  Rowley,  said  to  have  been  found  in  the 
Redcllff  chest  ?  That  Mrs.  Newton  should  have 
been  anxious  in  some  degree  to  lessen  the  odium 
that  attached  to  her  brother's  long  career  of  de- 


2»*S.  VIII.  Sept.  3. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


195 


ception  is  natural,   but   her  statements  on  that 
account  must  be  taken  cum  grano  salis. 

Can  any  subscriber  of  "N.  &  Q."  give  a  clue  to 
the  whereabouts  of  the  original  MS.  of  a  fragment 
referred  to  at  the  end  of  the  first  volume  of 
Grant's  edition  of  Chatterton's  Poeins,  Cambridge, 
1842?  It  was  in  the  possession  of  the  late  Mr. 
Richard  Smith  of  Bristol  in  1838.      Hugh  Owen. 


James  Moore  (P*  S.  xi.  157.) — You  had  long 
since,  in  reply  to  an  inquiry  by  the  late  Mr. 
Choker,  some  gossiping  papers  about  Arthur 
Moore  and  his  family  ;  Arthur  being  the  father  of 
James  Moore  Smythe,  Pope's  antagonist,  who  took 
the  name  of  Smythe,  according  to  the  .directions 
in  the  will  of  his  grandfather  Wm.  Smythe,  whose 
property  he  inherited.  Arthur  Moore,  as  we  there 
learn,  rose  from  a  very  humble  position,  a  foot- 
man, it  is  believed,  to  be  an  M.P.,  a  Commissioner 
of  the  South  Sea  Company,  and  one  of  the  Com- 
missioners of  Trade.  He  had,  beyond  most  men 
of  his  time,  a  knowledge  of  the  principles  of 
commerce,  and  had  great  weight  and  influence 
in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne.  Have  I  hit  on 
another  of  the  family,  after  whom  his  son  was 
named  James  ? 

In  the  Memoir  prefixed  to  the  Diary  of  Ed- 
mund Bohun  (p.  xxvi.)  mention  is  made  of  a 
Captain  Moore  of  Charleston,  S.  Carolina,  who  is 
supposed  to  have  been  James  Moore,  Secretary 
under  Governor  Blake.  This  is  just  such  an 
appointment  as  Arthur  Moore  would  have  within 
his  influence.  I  subsequently  find  mention,  in 
History  of  Europe  (App.  p.  139.)  of  a  Colonel 
Moore,  Governor  of  South  Carolina.  As  this 
colonel's  Christian  name  was  James,  it  is  pro- 
bably the  same  person  ;  not  Arthur's  brother. 
Colonel  Moore  of  Polyden,  whose  Christian  name 
was  Thomas.  This  conjecture  as  to  the  relation- 
ship of  James  Moore,  the  Secretary  under  Go- 
vernor Blake,  is  strengthened  by  the  fact  that 
among  the  bequests  in  remembrance  in  the  will  of 
Arthur  Moore  is  one  to  his  friend  James  Blake. 

J.  M. 

York  House  (2°^  S.  viil.  121.)  — One  of  your 
correspondents  in  this  volume  (p.  128.)  properly 
laments  over  mistatements  that  unsettle  localities; 
and  it  is  undoubtedly  the  peculiar  function  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  to  correct  errors  where  they  occur, 
and  carefully  to  avoid  giving  the  sanction  of  its 
authority  to  those  that  are  apparent.  How  is  it, 
then,  that  I  find  a  statement  made  under  the  title 
of  "  Artists'  Quarrels  in  Charles  I.'s  Reign," 
passed  over  without  any  remark  ?  Surely  the 
"  York  House,"  mentioned  by  Mr.  Sainsbury 
as  the  place  from  which  some  of  Buckingham's 
letters  are  dated,  and  which  is  referred  to  in  Gen- 


tileschi's  memorial,  is  not  Whitehall,  nor  any  "por- 
tion of  the  original  fabric."  That  noble  palace, 
after  being  for  three  centuries  the  town  residence 
of  the  Archbishop  of  York,  and  thence  called 
York  Place,  or  York  House,  was  acquired,  not  by 
purchase,  but  by  a  compulsory  and  illegal  grant 
from  Cardinal  Wolsey  at  the  time  of  his  disgrace 
to  Henry  VIII.,  and  was  from  thenceforward 
known  by  the  name  of  Whitehall. 

The  York  House  alluded  to  was  in  the  Strand, 
before  called  Norwich  House,  which  was  pur- 
chased by  Archbishop  Heath  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Mary  in  substitution  for  Whitehall.  From  that 
time  till  the  reign  of  James  I.  it  was  frequently 
let  by  the  Archbishops  to  the  Lord  Chancellors  of 
the  day.  We  find  it  inhabited  by  Sir  Nicholas 
Bacon  and  Sir  John  Puckering  in  the  reign  of 
Queen  Elizabeth,  and  by  Sir  Thomas  Egerton 
and  Lord  Bacon  (who  was  born  there)  in  the 
reign  of  James.  Soon  after  Bacon's  disgrace,  viz. 
in  1624,  we  find  it  was  transferred  to  Bucking- 
ham. 

This,  then,  is  the  house  mentioned  by  Genti- 
leschi,  whose  depreciation  of  the  "  Statues  and 
Pictures  "  in  it  naturally  irritated  "  Mr.  Gerbier," 
who  was  employed  by  Buckingham  in  its  decora- 
tion. Edward  Foss. 

Titles  conferred  by  Oliver  Cromwell  (2nd  S.  vii. 
476.  518.  J  viii.  114.  158.)— In  the  second  and 
third  editions  of  Noble's  Cromwell  (Birm.  1787, 
Lond.  1737),  the  list  of  "  Persons  distinguished 
by  the  Cromwells "  will  be  found  at  the  end  of 
vol.  i. 

P.  158.  col.  li.,  line  13.,  for  Duncho  read  Dunch. 
Line  14.,  for  Burnel,  read  Burnell  (so  in  the 
Patent). 

Sir  Richard  Chiverton  does  not  occur  in  Noble's 
list  of  Oliver's  knights.  Joseph  Rix. 

St.  Neots'. 

Pishiy,  Cess-he7'e  (2"^  S.  viii.  9.) — One  of  your 
corre.spondents  asks  whether  the  words  "  pishty  " 
and  "  cess-here  "  are  used  elsewhere  as  well  as  in 
Gloucestershire.  They  are  both  common  in  Here- 
fordshire. For  the  former,  see  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis's 
Glossary  of  Provincial  Words  (Murray,  1839), 
p.  79. :  — 

"  Pishtj-,  s.  used  in  calling  to  a  puppy,  as  puss  is  used 
in  calling  to  a  cat.    Also  used  in  the  Forest  of  Dean." 

Is  "  cess-here  "  usually  thus  spelled  ?  I  have 
always  heard  it  pronounced  as  if  it  were  "  ses," 
"  ses,"  and  deemed  it  akin  to  the  imperative  of 
the  verb  "  seize,"  i.  e.  "  fall  on."  A, 

Christopher  Anstey  (2"''  S.  viii.  167.)  was  Fellow 
of  St.  John's  College,  Cambridge ;  B.  A.  1699— 
1700;  M.A.  1703;  B.D.  1710;  D.D.  1715.  He 
has  Greek  and  Latin  verses  in  the  University 
collections  on  the  peace  of  Ryswick,  1697;  the 
death  of  William  Duke  of  Gloucester,  1700;  the 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Sept.  3. 


death  of  George  Prince  of  Denmark,  1708;  and 
the  peace  of  Utrecht,  1713. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopeb. 
Cambridge. 

A  Bear  Hunt  on  the  Thames  (2"'»  S.  vili.  148.) 
—  W.  J.  Pinks  will  find  an  interesting  account 
of  "  a  bear-baiting  on  the  Thames,"  a.d.  1539, 
and  how  it  involved  Archbishop  Cranmer  in  some 
difficulty,  in  Soames's  History  of  the  Reformation 
(vol.  i.  part  ir.,  pp.  379-82.)  He  can  also  refer 
to  Strype's  Memorials  (vol.  iii.,  part  i.,  p.  327., 
A.D.  1554)  ;  and  Annals  (vol.  i.,  part  i.,  p.  285., 
A.D.  1559.  E.  C.  Hakington. 

Exeter. 

Family  Herald  Essayists  (2°^  S.  viii.  131.)  — 
The  author  of  the  Es?ays  here  referred  to  is  Mr. 
J.  C.  Forrest,  of  46.  Gifford  Street,  Kingsland,  N. 

Septimus  Piesse. 

Vine  Cottage,  Tumham  Green. 

Shim  (2°*  S.  viii.  169.)  —  The  idea  oi  appearing 
has  a  natural  connexion  with  that  of  shining ;  and 
this  connexion  is  traceable  in  various  languages. 
Thus  schein,  in  old  German,  is  both  shine  and 
semblance  ;  <f>a&uixai  in  Greek  is  both  to  shine  and 
to  appear;  and  in  Ps.  Ixxx.  1.,  "  Thou  that  dwel- 
lest  between  the  cherubim,  shine  forth "  (Heb. 
hophia'),  the  shining  forth  seems  specially  to  imply 
manifestatio7i :  "Thou  that  within  the  Holy  of 
Holies  dwellest  unseen,  make  thyself  gloriously 
visible,  appear ! "  Is  it  not  possible,  then,  that 
the  provincial  term  shim,  in  the  sense  of  seeming 
or  appearing,  is  connected  with  the  old  English 
word  shimmer,  to  shine,  to  gleam  ? 

"Shim.  It  seems.  Wilts;"  "Shim.  Appear- 
ance;" "  Shim.  A  clear  bright  light."  (Halliwell.) 
Cf.  in  Sax.  scima,  splendour,  and  sciman,  scimian, 
splendere.  Thomas  Boys. 

^^  Ligaturas  facere"  (2"^  S.  vii.  437.)  has  another 
meaning  beside  that  given.  It  was  a  species  of 
magic  said  to  be  performed  by  tying  a  knot  in  a 
cord,  or  string,  exactly  at  some  particular  junc- 
ture, and  reciting  some  charm  at  the  same  time. 
Persons  were  then  supposed  to  be  tied,  as  it  were, 
and  hindered  absolutely  from  performing  what 
they  intended  to  do.  The  most  common  occasion 
of  making  a  ligature  was  by  tying  a  knot  at  the 
moment  the  words  "  conjungo  vos"  were  repeated 
at  a  marriage.  This  by  French  writers  is  called 
"  noiier  I'aiguillette."  The  results  were  said  to  be 
most  serious,  and  only  to  be  got  rid  of  by  a  ridi- 
culous and  disgusting  ceremony.  The  witch,  no 
doubt,  took  care  to  let  the  parties  know  what  was 
done  ;  and,  like  most  superstitions,  fear  and  men- 
tal emotion  really  did  the  work.  Ligatures  to 
prevent  a  joining  were  also  common ;  but  the 
most  impudent  of  all  pretensions  were  charms  to 
stop  running  rivers,  nay,  even  to  arrest  the  moon 
in  its  course.     These  superstitions  are  of  the  re- 


motest antiquity  —  your  classic  readers  will  re- 
member 

"  Necte  tribus  nodis  ternos,  Amarylli,  colores," 

as  well  as  the  charms  of  Medea.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Peter  Gleane  (2°*  S.  viii.  167.)  was  of  Caius 
College,  Cambridge  ;  B.A.  1692-3. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 
Cambridge. 

"  Wliy  every  nation,  every  clime,"  §-<;.  (2°"^  S.  viii. 
28.)  —  Dexter  will  find  the  lines  respecting  which 
he  inquires  in  a  Seatonian  prize  poem,  The  Day  of 
Judgment,  by  K.  Gljnn,  M.D.,  1757.  This  poem, 
and  Death,  by  Beilby  Porteus  (two  years  after- 
wards), are  the  best  known  of  the  earlier  success- 
ful candidates  for  Mr.  Seaton's  prize.  It  is  found 
in  many  modern  collections,  e,  g.  among  others, 
in  The  Sacred  Lyre,  published  at  Glasgow  in 
1834.  S.  S.  S. 

County  Voters^  Qualif  cation  (2"*  S.  viii.  70.)— 
The  forty-shilling  freehold  qualification  was  first 
required  in  1429.  Before  that  time  a  sort  of 
universal  sufirage  appears  to  have  prevailed,  and 
the  statute  8  Hen.  VI.  c.  7.  was  passed  to  put  an 
end  to  such  an  anomalous  and  unequal  state  of 
things.  After  reciting  that  "  the  Elections  of 
Knights  of  Shires  in  many  Counties  had  then  of 
late  been  made  by  very  great  and  excessive  num- 
ber of  people  dwelling  within  the  same  Counties, 
of  the  which  most  part  was  of  people  of  small  sub- 
stance and  of  no  value,  whereof  every  of  them 
pretended  a  voice  equivalent  with  the  most  worthy 
Knights  and  Esquires  dwelling  within  the  same 
Counties,  whereby  manslaughters,  riots,  batteries, 
and  divisions  among  the  Gentlemen  and  other 
people  of  the  same  Counties  would  very  likely 
rise  and  be,  unless  convenient  and  due  remedy 
were  provided,"  the  statute  enacts,  "  That  the 
Knights  of  the  Shires  shall  be  chosen  in  every 
County  by  people  dwelling  and  resident  in  the 
same  Counties,  whereof  every  one  shall  have  free 
Land  or  Tenement  to  the  value  of  Forty  Shillings 
by  the  year  at  least,  above  all  charges."  By  the 
10  Hen.  VI.  c.  2.  the  qualification  must  be  situate 
or  arise  within  the  county  for  which  the  freeholder 
claimed  to  vote  :  a  thing  which  was  not  expressly 
required  by  the  former  statute. 

I  cannot  pretend  to  offer  an  opinion  as  to  the 
relative  value  of  the  qualification  ;  but  it  is  quite 
clear  that  a  forty-shilling  freeholder,  400  years 
ago,  was  not  deemed  a  person  "  of  small  substance 
and  of  no  value."  David  Gam. 

Grotesques  in  Churches  (2°^  S.  viii.  130.)— The 
only  explanation  that  I  can  suggest  (and  I  never 
heard  any  from  any  one  else)  as  to  the  very  com- 
mon grotesque,  "  the  head  of  a  man  with  lolling 
tongue,"  will  be  found  by  referring  to  the  3rd 


i 


a"*!  S.  VIII.  Sept.  8.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


and  4th  verses  of  the  57th  chapter  of  the  Book  of 
the  Prophet  Isaiah.  F.  A.  Cabkington. 

Ogbourne  St.  George. 

Spontoon  (2"'^  S.  vi.  329.  421.)— The  spontoon 
carried  by  officers  of  infantry  was  a  sort  of  light 
battle-axe,  resembling  a  good  deal  those  of  the 
gentlemen-at-arms.  Specimens  can  be  seen  in 
the  armoury  of  the  Tower,  and  at  the  United 
Service  Museum  in  Scotland  Yard.  In  the  year 
1745,  the  officers  of  infantry  carried  "  half  pikes,"- 
which  had  an  ornamental  blade  nine  inches 
long,  and  a  light  haft  of  ash  six  feet  long;  the 
butt  being  shod  with  iron,  to  stick  in  the  ground. 
The  readers  of  Rob  Roy  will  recollect  that  Capt. 
Thornton  gave  his  "half  pike"  to  a  soldier. 

F.  A.  Caerington. 
•  Ogbourne  St.  George. 

Dr.  Young  and  Voltah-e  (2"^  S.  viii.  134.)  — I 
believe  the  following  is  the  correct  version  of  Dr. 
Young's  epigram  upon  Voltaire,  who  had  made 
some  very  free  remarks  upon  the  characters  oi 
Satan,  Sin,  and  Death,  in  Milton's  Paradise  Lost. 
These  lines  are  certainly  more  harmonious  and 
poetical  than  those  quoted  from  W.  Cole :  — 

"  Thou  art  so  witty,  pi-otligate  and  thin, 
At  once  Ave  think  thee  Satan,  Death,  and  Sin." 

Soon  after  the  death  of  Voltaire,  some  philo- 
sophes  having  proposed  to  erect  a  monument  to  his 
memory,  an  Englishman,  who  was  staying  at 
Paris,  undertook  to  compose  the  epitaph,  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"  Hie  jacet 

VoUarius: 

Qui 

In  Poesi  magnus, 

In  Historia  parvus, 

In  Philosophia  minimus. 

In  Religione  nullus : 

Cujus 
Ingenium  acre, 
Judicium  pragceps, 
Improbitas  sumnia : 

Cui 

Arri.=ere  mulierculae, 

Plausere  scioli, 

Favere  profani : 

Quern 

Dei  hominumque  irrisorem 

Senatus  physico-atlieus 

Hoc  lapide 

Donavit." 

F.  C.  H. 
Paintings  at  Vauxhall  (2"'*  S.  viii.  70.)  —  I  re- 
member seeing,  in  1842,  six  or  seven  of  the  paint- 
ings by  Hogarth  and  Hayman,  which  formerly 
decorated  this  once  fashionable  place  of  amuse- 
ment, at  the  house  of  a  picture-cleaner,  Mr. 
Gwennap  of  Tichborne  Street,  Haymarket.  They 
were  purchased  at  the  Vauxhall  Gardens'  sale  in 
1841,  and  had  been  consigned  to  Mr.  Gwennap 
for  the  purpose  of  cleaning,  repairing,  &c. 

Most  of  the  Vauxhalv  pictures  have  been  en- 


graved, and  copies  are  preserved  in  the  extraor- 
dinary collection  of  materials  for  the  history  of 
the  gardens  formed  by  John  Fillinham,  Esq.,  of 
Hanover  Street,  Newington. 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Character  of  Mr.  Hastings  (2"''  S.  viii.  131.)  — 
My  reference  to  this  article  was  derived  from  Sir 
John  Hawkins's  History  of  Music  (the  new  edi- 
tion), p.  568.,  where  the  passage  stands  : 

"  The  Character  of  Mr.  William  Hastings,  written  by 
the  First  Earl  Shaftesbury,  and  printed  in  Peck's  Collec 
tion  of  Curious  Histoncal  Pieces,  No.  xxxiii." 

Walpole  includes  it  among  the  writings  of  the 
Earl  in  his  Royal  and  Noble  Authors,  and  adds : 

"  Printed  originally  in  Peck's  Desiderata  Cwiosa,  and 
lately  in  the  Connoisseur,  vol.  iii." 

Park,  however,  in  his  edition  of  Walpole's  work, 
says  in  a  note  : 

"  Dr.  Kippis  states,  and  so  may  the  present  editor, 
that  he  examined  the  whole  of  Evans's  edition  of  Peck's 
Desid.  Cur.  without  finding  this  character  of  Mr.  Hast- 
ings inserted.  Vide  Biog.  Brit.,  vol.  iv.  p.  263.  In  the 
Connoisseur,  however,  it  may  be  seen." 

It  is  also  printed  in  Bell's  Huntingdon  Peerage 
(second  edition,  with  additions),  1821,  where  it  is 
stated  to  have  been  inscribed,  in  "  gold  letters," 
under  an  original  portrait  of  Mr.  Hastings,  pre- 
served at  Winbourne  St.  Giles,  the  seat  of  the 
Earl  of  Shaftesbury. 

I  should  add  that  an  engraving  from  this  por- 
trait forms  one  of  the  illustrations  to  Mr.  Bell's 
curious  volume.  Edwaed  F.  Rimbault. 

De  Foes  Descendants  (2'"»  S.  viii.  51.  94.)  — 
David  Erskine  Baker  died  without  children.  His 
brother,  Henry  Baker,  died  in  his  father's  lifetime, 
leaving  one  child,  the  Rev.  William  Baker,  rector 
of  Lyndon,  co.  Rutland,  who  died  in  1828,  leav- 
ing three  children — the  Rev.  Henry  De  Foe  Baker, 
William  Baker,  M.D.,  and  Mary  Baker.  The 
Rev.  Henry  De  Foe  Baker  resigned  the  vicarage 
of  Greethara  on  being  appointed  Warden  of 
Brown's  Hospital,  Stamford,  where  he  died  in 
1845,  leaving  two  children  —the  Rev.  Henry  De 
Foe  Baker  and  Harriet  Elizabeth  Baker.  Dr. 
Baker  died  in  1850,  leaving  four  children  —  the 
Rev.  William  De  Foe  Baker,  Charles  Bernard 
Baker,  Sophia  Baker  (who  died  in  1853),.  and 
Emily  Dallas  Baker.  H.  S. 

"  Le  Bas  Bleu''  (2»'»  S.  viii.  27.)  — This  elegant 
little  Interlude  is  from  the  pen  of  one  of  your  cor- 
respondents, Me.  William  Hugh  Logan,  banker, 
Berwick-upon-Tweed.  Besides  two  most  useful 
works,  a  treatise  on  the  System  of  Scottish  Bank- 
ing, and  the  Law  of  Bills  and  Promissory  Notes, 
Mr.  Logan  is  the  author  of  several  dramatic 
pieces,  by  way  of  delassements  from  his  graver 
occupations.  Mb.  Logan's  reputation  for  a  finan- 
cier' is  held  in  deservedly  high  repute  on  the 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2"d  S.  Vlir.  Sept.  3.  '59. 


Border.  He  recently  filled  (he  office  of  sheriflF  of 
Berwick,  and  may  be  said  to  be  "  the  leading 
man"  of  that  burgh.  M.  L. 

IlandeTs  Hallelujah  Chorus  (2"'^  S.  viii.  107.)— 
I  hope  there  is  a  better  reason  for  standing  on 
.this  occasion  than  that  given  in  the  "  newspaper- 
cutting,"  namely,  the  custom  of  the  Christian 
church  for  its  members  to  adopt  that  reverent 
attitude  during  the  singing  or  saying  of  a  doxo- 
logy,  at  all  times.  W.  J.  Bebnhard  Smith. 

Temple. 

Cespoole  (2°'*  S.  vili.  110.)  —  Before  giving  a 
decided  answer  to  your  correspondent's  Query, 
one  would  wish  to  see  the  "diary"  wliich  he  cites, 
or  at  any  rate  to  know  something  about  it.  It 
does  appear  likely,  however,  that  Liverpool  was, 
as  he  suggests,  the  place  intended.  Passing  from 
Preston  to  Chester,  a  traveller  would  as  probably 
as  not  go  via  Liverpool.  But  why  should  Liver- 
pool be  called  Cespoole  ? 

1.  Chester,  originally  Deva,  because  situate  on 
the  river  Dee,  was  afterwards  Cesti-ia,  or  Cestrea, 
and  Cheshire  was  Cestre-sJiire. 

2.  Chester,  or  Cestrea,  had  by  charter  certain 
extraordinary  privileges  :  — 

"  la  those  tracts  are  several  other  ports,  all  subordinate 
to  the  comptroller  of  Chester ;  and  even  Liverpool,  in  the 
patent,  is  styled  a  creek  of  the  port  of  Chester.'" — Pennant's 
Tour  in  Wales,  ed.  1784,  i.  206. 

May  we  not,  then,  form  a  fair  conjecture  as  to 
the  origin  of  the  term  Cespoole  ?  While  Liver- 
pool, already  an  infant  Hercules,  was  deemed  only 
"  a  creek  of  the  port  of  Chester  "  (or  Cestria),  we 
must  also  bear  in  mind  that  a  pool  was  in  fact  the 
original  site  of  the  town ;  and  therefore,  while 
the  inhabitants  called  it  Lever-poole  or  Lyver- 
poole,  the  men  of  Chester,  zealous  for  their  own 
patent  rights,  might  very  naturally  call  it  Cestre- 
poole,  and  by  abbreviation  Cespoole,  i.  e.  the  pool 
of  Chester  —  as  an  equivalent  to  what  it  was  by 
the  Chester  charter,  a  creek  of  Chester. 

With  regard  to  the  supposed  shortening  of 
Cestre-poole  into  Cespoole,  it  is  worthy  of  ob- 
servation that  the  old  form  of  "  Liverpool "  itself, 
namely  Leverpoole  or  Lyverpoole,  experienced  an 
abbreviation,  and  became  Lyrpole  (Leland),  or,  as 
we  find  it  in  an  old  map,  Lerpoole. 

It  does  not,  however,  by  any  means  follow  that 
Cespoole  was  a  name  ever  very  generally  applied 
to  Liverpool.  The  traveller  may  perhaps  have 
first  picked  it  up  when  he  got  to  Chester,  where 
the  inhabitants,  seeing  nothing  in  their  own  trade 
but  decay,  and  nothing  in  that  of  Liverpool  but 
progress,  might  console  themselves  by  locally  em- 
ploying the  term  Cestre-poole,  and  more  briefly 
though  less  elegantly  Cespoole,  as  the  appellation 
of  a  prosperous  rival,  and  as  a  memorial  of  their 
own  past  ascendency.  For  instance,  seeing  the 
motto  on  the  Liverpool  corporation- seal,  "  Sigil- 


lum  Commune  Burgensium  Lever,"  the  Chester 
people  might  exclaim,  "  No !  Not  Zerer-poole, 
but  CcA'^re-poole ! "  Thus  Cestre-poole,  or  Ces- 
poole, may  have  been  a  nickname  of  Liverpool 
occasionally  used  in  Chester,  but  seldom  heard 
anywhere  else.  Thomas  Boys. 

Sir  Henry  Calverley  (2"'^  S.  viii.  28.)  — 

Sir  VTilliam  Calverley  of=ElizalH!th,  d.  of  Sir 
Calverley,  Yorkshire.      I    William  MidUleton. 


1.  Walter  Calverley 
of  Calverley. 


Thomas=l3ab2l,  d.  of  Bertram 
I    Anderson,  of  New- 
castlc-on-Tyne. 


Sir  John  Calverley.  Kt.,  of  Llttleburn,=Ann,  d.  of  Matthew  Hutton, 
Durham,  died  1638.  I    Archbishop  of  York. 


John   (5th  son)  of  Eriholme,=l.  Margaret,  d.  of  Thoa.  Jenyson, 
Yorkihire,  born  1002.  I         of   Irctiester,  Northampton, 

£sn. 


Henry  •  (4th  son"),  Kt.=Mary,  d.  of  Sir  H.  Thompson,  of 
1675-6,  died  1631.        I    E8krick,Kt. 


Margaret.    Henry. 
Both  died  young. 


Marv=Mflrried  1695,  Hon.  Bennett  Sherarrt  of 
died  I  Stapleford.  Lord  Sherard,  1700  ;  Earl 
1702.       ofHarboroush,  1717. 


Bennett  Henry,  born  and  died  1702. 

There  is  a  mezzotint  of  Mrs.  Sherrard  from  a 
portrait  by  Kneller. 

In  the  before-mentioned  volume  is  a  copy  of 
the  "  Bill  of  Fees  "  paid  by  Sir  Henry  "  for  his 
honour  of  knighthood,"  and  receipt  for  the  same, 
amounting  to  81Z.  135.  Ad.,  dated  10  Feb.  167|, 
and  also  "  a  copy  of  Sir  Henry  Calverley's  letter 
to  his  agent  in  England,  after  his  travels  in  Italy, 
&c.  in  '82  and  '83,"  dated  "  Orleans,  18th  June, 
'83,  Sti.  novo." 

I  have  also  a  common-place  book  of  Henry 
Calverley  of  1657-8. 

If  your  correspondent  wishes  for  any  farther 
information  about  this  Sir  Henry  or  his  family, 
and  will  apply  either  through  the  columns  of  "  N. 
&  Q.,"  or  by  letter,  I  shall  be  glad,  as  far  as  in 
my  power,  to  afford  it. 

Walter  Calveblet  Teeveltan. 

Wallington,  Newcastle- on-Tyne, 

P.S.  If  the  date  of  the  letter  is  correct,  it  js 
probable  that  the  date  of  the  death,  as  given  in 
the  inscription,  is  the  true  one. 

Shelley  and  Barhamwick  (2"'»  S.  viii.  70.  116.) 
—  On  looking  into  Lord  Coke's  Keport  of^  Shel- 
ley's case,  I  .find  the  place  in  question  is  in  the 

*  Sir  Henry,  about  whom  the  Query  is  made,  is  pro- 
bably the  above  4th  son  of  John  Calverley  of  Eriliolme ; 
but  if  so,  there  must  be  a  mistake  in  the  date  1685,  as  I 
find  from  a  MS.  volume  (principally  of  genealogical  col- 
lections) which  I  possess,  and  which  had  belonged  to  Sir 
Henry's  grandfather,  that  he  died  at  Paris,  June  14th, 
1684.  The  volume  contains  a  copy  of  the  inscription  on 
his  monument  in  the  south  aisle  of  York  Minster,  in 
which  the  date  of  his  death  is  given,  "vii.  Kal.  Jul.  an. 
dom.  MDCLXxxiin.  jetatis  plus  minus  quadragesinio." 


Sn'iS.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


199 


pleadings  called  Bursam-wicke,  alias  Barham- 
wicke  apud  Angmeiing."  (1  Rep.  88.  b.)  Per- 
haps on  the  principle  "  noscitur  a  soclis,"  the 
enumeration  of  the  lands  comprised  in  the  deed 
set  out  in  the  pleadings  will  assist  your  corre- 
spondent W.  O.  W.  It  is  dated  25  Sept.  1  &  2 
Philip  &  Mary,  1554,  and  contains  a  covenant  by 
Edward  Shelley  of  Warminghurst,  in  the  county 
of  Sussex,  Esq.,  to  suffer  a  recovery  of — 

"  The  manners  of  Wonninghurst,  Barhamwicke  and 
Fj'ndon,  with  the  appurtenances  in  the  said  County-  of 
Sussex,  and  all  other  his  lands,  tenements,  possessions, 
and  hereditaments,  with  the  appurtenances,  set,  Ij'ing, 
and  being  in  Fyndon,  VVormiughurst,  Barhamwicke, 
Patching,  Estangmering,  Wastangmering,  Wj-genholt, 
Sterington,  Washington,  Ashington,  Grenestede,  Ashe- 
hurst,  Stening,  Wiston,  Thackham,  and  Shipley,  in  the 
said  Countj',  except  onlj'  the  manners  of  Sillington  and 
Cobden,  with  the  appurtenances,  in  the  said  County,  and 
except  also  all  those  lands,  tenements,  and  hereditaments 
called  or  known  by  the  names  of  CobJen,  Pulleto,  Firses, 
and  Pahnershcombe,  with  their  appurtenances." —  1  Rep. 
00. 

Some  of  these,  I  believe,  are  names  of  parishes. 

The  special  verdict  in  this  case  discloses  the 
following  pedigree,  of  the  accuracy  of  which  there 
can  be  no  doubt :  — 


John  Shelley,  of  Mycliel  Grove,  Esq. 


Edward  of  'Worminghurst,=Johauna  (it  does  not  appear 
ob.  9  Oct.  1  &  2  P.  &  M.,     who  she  was). 
1554.      Qu.   whether  the 
eldest  or  ouly  son. 


Henry,  ob.  vita  patris  (it  does  not  appear  who  his  wife 
I     was :  her  name  was  ^nn). 


Richard, 
vlv.  1578. 


MaAa. 


Heury  (the  defendant),  nat.  post  ob.  patris. 

David  Gam. 

Z.  Latimers  (2"*  S.  viii.  119.)  —  Lord  Latimers 
is  a  slip  of  the  pen  for  the  Cavendish  of  Latimers, 
now  Lord  Chesham.  C. 

Swiss  Maps  (2'"i  S.  viii.  90.)  —J.  M.,  if  intend- 
ing only  a  general  tour  through  Switzerland, 
without  attempting  any  of  the  more  difficult  passes, 
will  probably  find  Leutholdt's  map  (Zurich)  suffi- 
cient. It  is  certainly  the  best  general  map.  Stu- 
der's  map  of  the  valleys  between  the  Simplon 
route  and  the  Pennine  chain  (Karte  der  sildlichen 
Wallisthaler,  von  G.  Studer,  Zurich)  is,  however, 
of  great  value  even  to  the  ordinary  tourist  who 
intends  to  visit  the  valleys  of  Saas  or  Zernatt ; 
much  more  so,  and  indeed  essential,  to  any  ex- 
plorer of  the  high  passes  in  the  neighbourhood. 
His  geological  map  (on  the  basis  of  Ziegler's), 
somewhat  larger  than  Leutholdt's,  is  an  excellent 
substitute  for  a  general  map,  though  the  colour- 
ing is  of  course  rather  confusing  for  ordinary 
purposes.  Though  tlie  Swiss  Federal  Survey  is 
too  bulky  for  general  use,  I  have  found  single 
sheets,  cut  up  and  stretched  on  cloth  in  the  usual 
way,  quite  invaluable  and  not  incommodious. 
Sheet  No.  17.,  for  instance,  includes  the  district 


from  Vevay  to  Kanderstig;  and  sheet  No.  18. 
that  from  the  latter  village  to  the  Grimsel  —  the 
limit  to  the  north  being  a  line  passing  close  to 
Lauterbrunnen  ;  and  to  the  south,  a  line  drawn  a 
little  north  of  Martigny  and  south  of  St.  Nicolas. 
The  sheets  containing  the  Oberland  and  the  dis- 
trict around  Zernatt  are  not  yet  published.  J. 
M.  will  find  these  published  sheets,  and  I  dare  say 
the  other  maps  I  have  named  as  well,  at  Mr. 
Stanford's,  Charing  Cross. 

South  of  the  Alps,  two  sheets  of  the  six-sheet 
Sardinian  Survey  will  give  the  whole  northern 
frontier  of  Sardinia,  reaching  south  beyond  Aorta 
and  Borgo  Ticino.  There  is  an  excellent  one- 
sheet  government  map  of  Sardinia  reduced  from 
the  above.  The  larger  Sardinian  Survey,  in  some 
thirty  or  forty  sheets,  is  of  course  out  of  the  ques- 
tion ;  though  invaluable  for  a  special  district,  and 
cheap — 4s.  per  sheet.  It  is  still  in  course  of  pub- 
lication. The  district  due  south  of  Monte  Rosa 
has  been  issued,  but  not  that  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  the  Val  Pelline. 

The  Alpine  Club  have  just  published  the  maps 
that  accompany  their  Peaks,  Passes,  and  Glaciers, 
in  a  separate  form  at  3s.  6d.  These  are  of  course 
local,  but  most  valuable  for  the  districts  in  ques- 
tion, as  correcting  many  errors  in  the  existing 
maps. 

1  may  add  that  the  Practical  Guide  to  Switzer- 
land, 2s.  6d.  (Longman  &  Co.),  is  an  admirable 
appendix  to  Murray,  and  that  both  should  be 
taken.  A.  B.  M. 

Glasgow. 

The  Reprint,  in  1808,  of  the  First  Folio  Edi- 
tion of  Shakspeare  (P'  S.  vii.  47.)  —  I  should  feel 
greatly  obliged  to  your  correspondent  F.  C.  B.,  if 
he  would  kindly  favour  me  with  the  loan  of  Mr. 
Upcott's  collation  of  this  reprint. 

I  have  the  volume,  and  should  very  much  like 
to  make  notes  in  its  margin  of  the  368  typogra- 
phical errors,  having  neither  time  nor  opportunity 
for  making  a  collation  with  the  original. 

If  F.  C.  B.  will  kindly  entrust  me  with  the 
document,  I  can  assui'e  him  that  every  care  shall 
be  taken  of  it,  and  that  it  should  be  returned  in  a 
short  time.  Wm.  Wabdlaw  Reid. 

Peckham  Rye. 

Benjamin  Cudworth  (2""*  S.  viii,  167.)  was  a 
fellow-commoner  of  Christ's  College.  He  has 
Latin  verses  in  the  University  collection  on  the 
accession  of  William  and  Mary,  1689.  On  King 
William's  visit  to  Cambridge,  7th  Oct.  in  the  same 
year,  Mr.  Cudworth  was  created  M.A. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Richard  Medlicot  (2""^  S.  viii.  167.)  was  of  St- 
Peter's  College,  Cambridge  5  B.A.  1618-9;  M.A. 
1622.  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'»  S.  VIII.  Sept.  3.  '59. 


Ocean  Table  Telegraphs  (2"^  S.  viii.  148.)  — In 
Mr.  Tho.  Allen's  pamphlet  on  his  Systems  of  In- 
land and  Svhmarine  Telegraphy,  he  gives  the  fol- 
lowing list  of  the  cables  which  have  been  laid.  It 
contains  the  information  which  J.  W.  G.  G.  re- 
quires, with  the  exception  of  the  cost;  and  as  I 
suppose  it  may  be  relied  upon  as  ccrrect,  I  copy 
it  for  his  benefit  : 


Kataes. 

Dates. 

Distance. 
(Milef.) 

Lensth  of 
Cable. 
(Miles.) 

1  ^ 

Dover  and  Calais 

I85I 

21 

25 

4 

Dover  and  Ostend 

1853 

58} 

64 

6 

Portpatrick  and  Donaghadee 

1853 

2r 

24J 

6 

Portpatrick      -           .           - 
Forth  and  Tay 

1854 

25 

% 

6 

1855 

6 

4 

Spezzia  and  Corsica  - 

1854 

60 

9Q 

.    6 

Corsica  and  Sardinia 

1854 

10 

13 

6 

Hasuc  -          -          -          - 

1853 

II4A 

119 

1 

Ditto     -          -          -          - 

1853 

1 

Ditto     .          .          -          - 

1853 

123 

1 

Ditto     -           -           -           - 

1855 

119 

1 

Holyliead  and  Dublin 

1854 

58J 

61 

1 

Ditto     -          -          -          - 

1854 

Prince  Edward's  Island 

1854 

ii 

13 

"i 

Varna  and  Constantinople  - 

1855 

125 

150 

1 

Newfoundland 

185S 

70 

86 

1 

Cajtliari  and  Malta    - 

1857 

3S0 

1 

Malta  and  Corfu       L- 

1857 

400 

40O 

I 

Channel  Islands 

1858 

80 

80 

1 

Varna  and  Balaklava 

1855 

30C 

•• 

Thefollov-inrj  were  destroyed 

in  sulmierging. 

Holyhead 

.1852 

58J 

64 

1 

Portpatrick     -           -           - 

1852 

21 

16 

6 

Newfoundland 

1855 

63J 

42 

3 

Sardinia  and  Africa  - 

1855 

125 

80 

6 

Ditto     -           -           -           - 

1856 

125 

160 

3 

Ditto    -          .          -          - 

1857 

147 

180 

4 

Atlantic          -          -          - 

1857 

380 

380 

1 

Ditto    -          -          -          - 

1858 

2500 

1 

This  list  is  dated  Dec.  1859. 


R.  E.  L. 


Bull  and  Bear  of  the  Stock  Exchange  (2"*  S. 
viii.  79.  138.) — The  following  extracts  are  from 
Gibber's  Play  of  2%e  Refusal,  or  the  Ladies  Philo- 
sophy, produced  in  1720. 

This  comedy  affords  ample  proof  that  all  the 
gambling  terms  of  the  day  must  then  have  been 
very  generally  understood  ;  for  it  abounds  in  al- 
lusions to  the  doings  in  'change  alley,  and  one  of 
the  characters,  Sir  Gilbert  Wrangle,  is  a  South 
Sea  Director. 

"  Granger.  (To  Witling,  who  has  been  boasting  of  his 
gain.) 

And  all  this  out  of  'Change  Alley  ? 
"  Witling.  Every  shilling,  Sir,  all  out  of  stocks, 

Puts,  Bulls,  Rams,  Bears,  and  Bubbles." 

And  again  :  — 

"  There  (in  the  alley)  you'll  see  a  Duke  dangling  after 
a  Director ;  here  a  Peer  and  a  Prentice  haggling  for  an 
eighth ;  there  a  Jew  and  a  Parson  making  up  differences ; 
here  a  young  woman  of  quality  buj'ing  Bears  of  a  Quaker ; 
and  there  an  old  one  selling  refusals  to  a  lieutenant  of 
Grenadiers."  —  Act  I.  So.  1. 

"Puts"  I  take  to  be  what  is  styled  "put  and 
call,"  and  thus  managed  : — Price  and  time  being 
agreed  on,  one  party  pays  down  a  certain  sum ;  in 
consideration  of  which  he  has  the  power  to  call 
for  delivery  of  the  stock,  or  difference,  on  the  set- 
tling day.    If  the  market  be  against  him,  he  has 


the  option  of  closing  the  transaction  by  the  sacri- 
fice of  the  "  put,"  or  deposit. 

"Bubble"  only  meant  an  undertaking,  or 
scheme,  and  was  not  used  ih  its  present  sense. 

Does  the  following,  from  the  same  play,  offer  a 
clue  to  the  origin  of  the  term  "  Bull"  ? 

"  Witling.  I  raised  my  fortune.  Sir,  as  Milo  lifted  the 
Bull,  by  sticking  to  it  every  day  when  it  was  a  Calf." 

In  conclusion,  what  was  the  signification  of 
"Ram"  ?  This  is  the  only  place  in  which  I  have 
met  with  it  in  connexion  with  the  subject. 

Charles  Wtlib. 

The  Etymon  o/"  ver?j"  (2°'^  S.  viii.  113.)  — The 
profound  critique  and  philological  acumen  of 
your  correspondent  M.  Philarete  Chasles, 
throw  doubt  on  this  word  being  a  descendant  of 
the  Latin  verus.  I  am  of  the  same  opinion  on. 
this  point,  whatever  be  its  real  parent  —  Kymric 
or  Gothic.  For  in  the  East-Anglian  counties, 
where  the  pronunciation  is  pure,  and  at  least 
thoroughly  exempt  from  the  cockneyism  of  inter- 
changing V  and  w,  the  word  is  always  pronounced 
wery.  And  this  form  of  pronunciation  is  the  re- 
sult of  no  confusion  of  sounds,  but  is  an  invaria- 
ble error  of  speech.  H.  C.  C. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 
ScBiPTUBAi,  Poems, by  John  Bunyan. 

QPESTIONS  ABOUT  THE   NatURB  AND  PbRPETCITT   OF   THE    SEVENTH    DAY 

Sabbath,  by  John  Bunyan. 

A  DiscooasE   of    the    Building,  Natdre,  ExcEtLEVCY,  and  Govern- 
ment OP  tue  House  of  God  :  a  Poem,  by  John  Bimyan. 

A  Case  of  Conscience  Resolved,  by  John  Bunyan. 

Wanted  by  II.  MarslmV,  294.  City  Road. 


Fielding's  Works.    Vol.  IX.    8vo.  1806. 
Ross  (A.)  Arcana  Microcosmi. 

Songs  of  Moses  and  Deborah  Paraphrased  (by  Cleeve),  1685. 
DiGBy  (Sir  K.),  Choice  Receipts,  1688,  or  other  editions. 
Fray  (J.  B.)  Essai  sur  l'Orioine  des  Corps  Oboanis£5  et  Moroanises. 
1817. 

Librarian,  Leeds  Library,  Leeds. 


We  iMve  been  compelled  to  postpone  otir  usual  Notes  on  Books. 

G.  S.  Cliaracteristics  of  Men  of  Genius  was  completed  in  2  vols.  1846 ; 
but  The  Catholic  Series,  of  which  it  formed  a  portion,  was  continued  by 
J.  Chapman,  142.  Strand,  till  the  year  1850. 

A.  Z.    Samuel  Bagnall,  Incumbent  ofRuncorn,is  ofDoivning  CoJlege, 

Cambridge.  Saul  and  David  is  6?/  Edward  iJaffnoH The  Rev.  Richard 

Beadon  Bradley,  Incumbent  of  Ash  Priors,  died  March  22, 1851. 

J,  P.  Phiu-ips.  The  term  Miss  Ims  been  discussed  in  our  1st  S.  iv.  6. 
44.  93. 

Kotices  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

Erratum.  _2nd  S.  viii.  p.  114.  col.  i.  1.  20.  for  "  Richard  "  read  "Ro- 
bert "  Tichbome. 

"Notes  and  Queries"  is  pnbiished  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  fM' 
Six  Montlis  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (.incluaing  tlie  IJalf- 
yertrly  Index)  is  11».  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  tn 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  DALDr,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.;  to  whom 
nnCoMMUNioATioi's  FOR  iHs  Ediiqr  thould  ftc  addrctsed. 


A 


2'>d  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


201 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  10.  1859. 


No.  193.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :_Wa3  Lord  Bacon  a  Calvinist  or  an  Arminian  ?  by  David 
Gam,  201  —  Indexes  to  Episcopal  Regiaters,  "by  B.  B.  Woodward,  202 

—  Proverbs  worth  Preserving,  by  Hubert  Bower,  /i.  —  Food  of  Para- 
dise, by  T.  J.  Buckton,  76.  _  Snuff-box  presented  to  George  IV.,  by 
Capt.  Anderson,  203  — Florence  Wilson:  Erasmus:  John  Ogilvie, 
Parson  of  Cruden  :  Forbes  of  Tolquhon,  76. 

Minor  Notes  :—  History  of  Pews  — Fate  of  three  Men  ofXietters_The 
last  of  tlie  "  Shannon  "  —  A  modem  Giant  —  Somersetshire  Poets,  204. 

QUERIES :— Super- Altars  in  Cathedrals,  by  John  Ribton  Garstln, 

201  —  Calcuith,  20r). 
MiNOH  Queries  :  —  Vauxhall  Punch,  &c Translators'  Interpolations 

—  Counsellor  Tilly  —  Sir  Henry  Killigrew  _  Sir  Richard  Steele's 
former  Wife  —  Planet  Showers  —  Beaumont's  "  Life  of  Dean  Gran- 
ville," or  Grenville  — Sir  John  Jacob,  Bart John  Rowe,  M.P 

Crossley  of  S.  Leonard's,  Shoreditch  —  Mrs.  Glasse's  Cookery,  &c.,  206. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers  : —Yorkshire  Worthies,  by  Hartley 
Coleridge  —  Vulture  Hopkins  — Bibliographical  Queries  —  Wiclif's 
Testament  —  "  Hallow  e'en"  :  the  Wren  Song,  Sec,  207. 

REPLIES  :— The  Duke  of  Buckingham's  York  House,  by  W.  Niiel 
Sainsbury,  210 —Handel  in  Bristol,  by  Edward  F.  Rimbault,  210  — 
"  Baratariana,"  by  William  John  Fitz-Patrick,  211  —Peter  Cunning- 
ham, by  J.  Macray,  212  — Skeletons  with  Wax  Heads  at  Cuma;,  213 

—  Patron  Saints,  by  Rev.  Thomas  Boys,  2U  — Abigail  Hill,  215  — 
Cock  and  Bull  Stories,  76. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  :  —  Dr.  Donne's  Seal  —  Ralph  Rokeby,  &c.— 
Cromwell's  Knights  —  Ring  Posies  —  John  de  Witt — Ballad  :  EUand 
or  Eland— Shooting  Soldiers  :  Oak  Leaves— James  Anderson,  &c.,21fi. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


WAS  LORD  BACON    A    CALVINIST   OR    AN  ARMINIAN  ? 

This  question  is  suggested  by  a  passage  in  Lord 
Macaulay's  well-known  Essay.  After  observing 
that  controversies  on  speculative  points  of  theology 
seem  to  have  engaged  scarcely  any  portion  of 
Bacon's  attention,  —  a  remark  in  which  few  who 
are  conversant  with  his  writings  will  be  disposed 
to  concur,  his  Lordship  goes  on  to  say, — 

"  He  lived  in  an  age  in  which  disputes  on  the  most 
subtle  points  of  divinity  excited  an  intense  interest 
throughout  Europe,  and  nowhere  more  than  ^'n  England. 
He  was  placed  in  the  very  thick  of  the  conflict.  He  was 
in  power  at  the  time  of  the  Synod  of  Dort,  and  must  for 
months  have  been  daily  deafened  with  talk  about  elec- 
tion, reprobation,  and  final  perseverance.  Tet  ice  do  not 
remember  a  line  in  his  zvorks  from  which  it  can  be  ivferred 
that  he  was  either  a  Calvinist  or  an  Arminian."  —  Essays, 
p.  397.,  one  vol.  ed. 

These  observations  must  have  been  written 
currente  calamo,  and  without  due  recollection. 
Bacon's  general  acquaintance  with  theology  was 
considerable :  he  was  evidently  quite  familiar 
with  the  vexed  and  thorny  questions  involved  in 
the  great  controversy  alluded  to,  and  there  can- 
not be  any  doubt  that  he  held  strong  Calvinistic 
opinions. 

In  the  second  book  Of  the  Advancement  of 
Learning,  near  the  end,  in  speaking  of  the  dif- 
ferent functions  of  the  several  persons  in  the 
Trinity,  he  says  that  the  work  — 

"  of  the  redemption  in  the  election  and  counsel "  be- 
longs "  to  the  Father;  in  the  whole  act  and  consumma- 
tion to  the  Son;  and  in  the  application  to  the  Holy 
Spirit :  for  by  the  Holy  Ghost  was  Christ  conceived  in 
flesh,  and  by  the  Holy  Ghost  are  the  elect  regenerated  in 
spirit.    This  vjork  [of  redemption]  likewise  we  consider 


either  effectually,  in  the  elect;  or  privately  [sic,  sed  qu. 
privatively"]  in  the  reprobate" — Works,  i.  129.  ed.  1765. 

In  his  Confession  of  Faith,  the  doctrine  of  elec- 
tion is  very  clearly  asserted.  He  affirms  his  be- 
lief that  God 

"  chose  according  to  his  good  pleasure,  man  to  be  that 
creature  to  whose  nature  the  eternal  Son  of  God  should 
•  be  united ;  and  amongst  the  generations  of  men  elected  a 
small  flock  in  whom  by  the  participation  -of  himself  he 
purposed  to  express  the  rays  of  his  glory ;  all  the  minis- 
tration of  angels,  damnation  of  devils  and  reprobates, 
universal  administration  of  all  creatures,  and  dispensation 
of  all  times  have  no  other  end,  but  as  the  ways  and  am- 
bages of  God  to  be  further  glorified  in  his  saints,  who 
are  one  with  their  head  the  Mediator,  who  is  one  with 
God."— Works,  iil  121. 

And  farther  on  it  is  said 

"  That  the  sufierings  and  merits  of  Christ,  as  they  are 
sufficient  to  do  away  the  sins  of  the  whole  world,  so  they 
are  only  effectual  to  such  as  are  regenerated  by  the  Holy 
Ghost;  who  breatheth  where  he  listeth  of  free  grace."  — 
p.  124. 

And  afterwards,  in  the  same  page,  we  are  told 
that  the  means  of  grace  operate  in  the  "  vocation 
and  conversion  of  the  elect"  only.  And,  again, 
that  the  Catholic  Church  consists  "  of  the  spirits 
of  the  faithful  dissolved,  and  of  the  spirits  of  the 
faithful  militant,  and  of  the  names^yet  to  be  born, 
which  are  already  ivritten  in  the  Book  of  Life." 

These  passages,  I  think,  afford  a  conclusive 
answer  to  the  question  at  the  head  of  this  Note. 
There  are  two  other  passages  to  which  I  shall 
very  briefly  refer. 

In  the  Charge  against  Mr.  Oliver  St.  John, 
delivered  in  the  Star  Chamber  in  1615,  Bacon 
praises  James  1.  for  "  his  constant  and  holy  pro- 
ceeding against  the  heretic  Vorstius,  whom,  being 
ready  to  enter  into  the  Chair,  and  there  to  have 
authorized  o?ze  of  the  most  pestilent  and  heathenish 
heresies  that  ever  was  begun,  his  Majesty  by  his 
constant  opposition  dismounted  and  pulled  down." 
(Works,  u.  587.)  In  explanation  of  this  it  will 
be  sufficient  to  remark  that  Vorstius  was  the 
unfortunate  Professor  of  Theology  at  Leyden 
who  was  appointed  to  succeed  Arminius,  but 
against  whom  a  violent  outcry  was  raised  by 
the  Calvinistic  party  in  Holland,  and  who  was 
ultimately  banished  by  the  Synod  of  Dort  in 
1619.  James  had  taken  an  active  and  prominent 
part  against  him  ;  had  pronounced  his  book  to  be 
full  of  heresies;  had  caused  it  to  be  publicly 
burnt  at  Oxford,  Cambridge,  and  London,  and 
had  recommended  the  States  of  Holland  not  to 
tolerate  such  a  heretic  within  their  territory. 
He  also  wrote  a  tract  against  Vorstius  ;  declared 
that  burning  was  much  too  mild  a  punishment 
for  him,  and  threatened  to  cause  all  orthodox 
Protestants  to  unite  their  strength  against  the 
Arminian  heresies.  —  (P.  Cye.  art.  "Vorstius.") 
Such  was  the  "  constant  and  holy  "  proceedings 
commended  by  Bacon. 

In  the  essay  Of  the  Vicissitude  of  Things,  pub- 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<»  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '59. 


lished  in  1625,  and  therefore  one  of  Bacon's 
latest  works,  Arminians  and  Arians  are  associated 
together,  and  their  peculiar  opinions  are  charac- 
terised as  "  speculative  heresies." 

One  cannot  wonder  that  Bacon  was  a  Cal- 
Tinist.  Whitgift  was  his  tutor  at  Cambridge ; 
Calvinism  was  during  his  time  in  the  ascendant ; 
the  king  was  a  strong  Calvinist,  and  we  know 
that  royal  favour  was,  unhappily,  at  all  times 
much  too  precious  in  Bacon's  sight.  It  would, 
indeed,  have  been  surprising  to  find  him  an 
Arminian.  David  Gam. 


INDEXES   TO   EPISCOPAL   REGISTEBS. 

The  immense  value  of  the  registers  of  insti- 
tutions, &c.  preserved  in  the  archives  of  the 
several  dioceses,  is  known  to  all  antiquarian  in- 
quirers, whilst  the  absence  of  indexes  is,  in  gene- 
ral, too  painfully  felt.  It  might,  therefore,  be 
well  to  note  in  "  N.  &  Q."  the  existence  of  any 
such  indexes,  for  the  advantage  of  those  who  are 
interested  in  the  facts.  As  a  first  instalment  I 
can  mention  two. 

In  the  Registrar's  Office  for  the  Diocese  of 
Norwich  there  is  preserved  an  index,  made  by 
Bishop  Tanner,  when  he  was  Chancellor  of  Nor- 
wich, in  the  beginning  of  the  last  century.  The 
entries  are  arranged  under  counties,  archdeacon- 
ries, rural  deaneries,  and  parishes,  and  consist  of 
notices  of  the  dedication  of  each  church ;  an  ab- 
stract from  the  Taxatio  Spiriiualis,  called  "The 
Norwich  Doomsday;"  the  names  of  all  patrons, 
incumbents,  and  principals  of  religious  houses, 
with  the  dates  of  their  institutions,  and  references 
to  the  registers  ;  miscellaneous  notices  of  the 
greatest  curiosity  and  value  from  the  will-books, 
with  dates  and  references ;  and  additions  of  the 
most  varied  kind  from  the  Le  Neve  MSS.  and 
other  authentic  sources. 

It  consists  of  two  thick  folio  volumes,  originally 
intended  as  books  of  common-places  for  sermons, 
the  printed  headings  of  the  various  subjects  in 
Latin,  and  some  entries  under  them,  being  still 
extant,  but  upside  down,  at  the  bottom  of  the 
pages.  And  it  is  such  a  monument  of  patient 
and  intelligent  Industry  as  in  any  case,  except 
Tanner's,  would  of  itself  alone  entitle  the  com- 
piler to  perpetual  renown.  In  the  office  its  value 
is  fully  appreciated,  and  it  is  affectionately  named 
after  its  author,  "  Tanner." 

The  second  is  a  series  of  synoptical  indexes 
to  the  episcopal  registers  of  the  diocese  of  Win- 
chester^ in  four  small  quarto  volumes,  beautifully 
written.  An  Index  is  devoted  to  each  volume  of 
the  registers,  from  the  earliest  of  Bishop  John  de 
Pontlssera  to  Bishop  Gardiner's  registers.  Each 
index  is  alphabetical,  and  something  more  than  a 
mere  reference  is  given  in  most  Instances. 

This  invaluable  adjunct  to  the  Winton  regis- 


ters has  been  suffered,  by  some  extraordinary 
accident,  to  remain  in  the  possession  of  the  ac- 
curate and  diligent  compiler  of  it,  W.  T.  Alchin, 
Esq.,  the  librarian  of  the  Corporation  of  London, 
to  whose  courtesy  I  (amongst  other  literary  in- 
(julrers)  am  indebted  for  permission  to  consult 
it.  B.  B.  Woodward. 

Haverstock  Hill. 


PROVERBS    AVORTH   PRESERVING. 

I  think  the  following  pict-up  proverbs  and  pro- 
verbial sayings  are  worth  enshrining  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
Some  have  been  met  with  in  print,  others  only 
heard.  If  not  preserved  when  first  found,  like 
winged  seeds,  they  are  often  blown  away  and  for- 
gotten. 

"  Hasty  people  drink  the  wine  of  life  scalding  hot." 
"  Death's  the  only  master  who  takes  his  servants  with- 
out a  character." 
"  Old  age  cools  hot  blood." 
"  A  kind  heart  often  saves  a  weak  head." 
"  Yesterday's  dew  and  tomorrow's  sunshine  feed  the 
hopes  of  the  fool." 
"  A  sour-faced  wife  fills  the  tavern." 
"  Folly  jumps  into  the  river,  and  wonders  why  Fate 
has  let  him." 

"  Content's  the  mother  of  good  digestion." 
"  Wlien  Pride  and  Poverty  marry  together,  their  chil- 
dren are  Want  and  Crime." 

"  Oaks  are  never  grown  in  hothouses." 

"  A  blazing  fire  and  a  smiling  wife 
Kill  temptation,  and  misery,  and  strife." 

"  Want  one's  housekeeper,  and  misery  one's  bedfellow, 
bring  but  few  guests  to  the  front  door." 

"  Where  hard  work  kills  ten,  idleness  kills  a  hundred 
men." 

"  Foll3''  and  pride  walk  side  by  side." 

"  He  that  borrows  binds  himself  with  his  neighbour's 
rope." 

"  The  Devil  and  his  servants  never  go  to  sleep  at  the 
same  time." 

"  He  that's  too  good  for  good  advice,  is  too  good  for  his 
neighbour's  company." 

"  Friends  and  photographs  never  flatter." 

"  Dreams  by  night  may  give  us  delight, 
But  dreams  by  day  must  lead  us  astraj'." 

"  Wisdom's  always  at  home  to  those  who  call." 
"  A  silver  tongue  and  a  brazen  face  cover  a  heart  of 
steel." 
"  The  firmest  friends  ask  the  fewest  favours." 

Hubert  Bower. 


FOOD    OF   PARADISE. 

On  the  passage  "  In  the  sweat  of  thy  face  shalt 
thou  eat  bread,  till  thou  return  unto  the  earth," 
the  Quarterly  Reviewer  (No.  209.  p.  233.)  says, 
"  originally  a  curse,  it  has  become  in  the  present 
state  of  the  world  a  blessing."  Writing  on  the 
manufacture  of  bread,  the  Reviewer  has  misap- 
prehended the  words  of  Moses,  in  supposing  bread 
to  have  been  an  accursed  product.    For,  first,  the 


2a<i  S.  YIII.  Sept.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


terms  of  malediction  are  confined  to  the  words 
"  in  the  sweat  of  thy  face,"  which  is  equivalent 
to  a  condemnation  to  hard  labour  :  and  secondly, 

the  word  translated  bread  (QH^  lecheni)  in  the 
Hebrew  text,  like  Spros,  its  equivalent  in  Greek, 
is  by  no  means  confined  to  cereal  productions 
(Matt.  vi.  11.;  Theocritus,  xxi.  45.),  and  in  this 
particular  passage  (Gen.  iii.  19.)  means  food  ge- 
nerally, and  elsewhere,  both  for  men  and  animals 
(Lev.  iii.  11. ;  1  Sam  xx.  27. ;  Ps.  xli.  10.,  cii.  5., 
cxxxvi.  25.,  cxlvii.  9. ;    Prov.  xxvii.  27.)  ;   and 

fruit  has  the  same  name  (^p?.)  in  Jeremiah  (xi. 
19.)     So  in  Arabic,  ^^,  lecTim,  means ^esh  ;  the 

radical  idea  being  something  slain ;  hence  nionpp, 
milchamah,  in  Hebrew  (a  formative  from  lechem) 
means  n  battle,  wherein  men  are  slaughtered. 
After  the  art  of  bread-making  had  been  invented, 

the  different  kinds  were  also  termed  DH?,  lechem, 
and  they  consisted  of  thin  pancakes  or  biscuits, 
such  as  our  oat-cakes,  which  were  broken,  and 
not  cut,  like  our  loaves  of  soft  bread.  (Isaiah 
Iviii.  7. ;  Lam.  iv.  4. ;  Mat.  xiv.  19.,  xxvi.  26.) 
But  there  is  no  ground  for  the  supposition  that 
such  bread  was  made  or  known  in  Paradise,  as 
the  expression  of  the  Reviewer  implies. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 


SNUFF-BOX    PRESENTED    TO   GEOKGE    IV. 

As  I  do  not  pretend  to  be  acquainted  (though  I 
intend  to  be)  with  the  contents  of  all  the  nineteen 
volumes  of  the  two  series  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  apologise 
for  sending  you  the  following  (and  thus  occupying 
your  valuable  time)  if  it  has  appeared  before :  if 
not,  it  is  a  relic  well  worthy  of  a  permanent  place 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  In  the  Historical  Account  of  King 
George  IV.'s  Visit  to  Scotland  (Oliver  &  Boyd, 
Edinburgh,  1822),  at  pp.  312-3.,  will  be  found  an 
account  of  the  snuff-box  presented  to  him  by  Mr. 
Daniel  Craig  of  Helensburg,  through  Sir  Walter 
Scott:  — 

"Tlie  body  of  tlie  box  is  made  of  sycamore-tree,  with 
an  invisible  hinge  of  the  kind  at  present  (1822)  so  much 
admired,  and  the  lid  of  it  inlaid  with  authenticated  spe- 
cimens of  several  varieties  of  wood,  most  of  which  are 
well  known  in  Scotland,  and  celebrated  in  Scottish  song. 
These  are  so  arranged  as  to  shade  and  relieve  each  other 
by  their  beautiful  diversity  of  colour.  In  the  centre  is  a 
piece  of  the  Cruikston  yew,  mentioned  in  history  as  the 
favourite  of  the  unfortunate  Queen  Mary.  Around  this 
are  the  following :  the  Torwood-oak  (of  Stirlingshire), 
whose  decayed  trunk  afforded  shelter  from  his  pursuers 
to  the  brave  Wallace ;  the  Trysting-tree,  near  Roxburgh 
Castle,  celebrated  in  the  border  feuds,  and  mentioned  in 
the  novel  of  Rob  Roy ;  the  Elderslie-yew,  which  tradi- 
tion reports  to  have  been  planted  by  Sir  William  Wallace 
on  his  uncle's  estate  of  that  name  in  Renfrewshire ;  the 
Bush  above  Traquhair ;  Birk  of  Invermav ;  Thorn  above 
the  Well ;  Broom  of  the  Cowden  Knows";  Alloway  Kirk 


oak,  —  with  all  of  which  the  admirers  of  our  Scottish 
poetry  are  familiar  j  —  Elm  of  Waterloo,  under  which  the 
Duke  of  Wellington  stood  during  the  battle;  the  Victory, 
part  of  the  anchor-stock  of  Lord  Nelson's  flag-ship  of  that 
name.  The  whole  of  these  are  surrounded  by  a  border  of 
black  oak  from  the  ship  Florida,  which  belonged  to  the 
Spanish  Armada,  and  wrecked  off  Tobermory  in  the  Is- 
land of  Mull,  1588.  On  the  bottom  of  the  box,  outside, 
the  words  and  music  of  '  Auld  Langsyne '  are  painted  in 
a  style  of  uncommon  neatness." 

His  most  gracious  majesty  was  pleased  to  ac- 
cept this  unique  gift,  and  to  request  Sir  Walter 
Scott  to  convey  his  thanks  to  the  donor  of  it. 
Is  there  any  account  of  the  subsequent  fate  of  this 
box  ?  T.  C.  Anderson, 

H.M.'s  12th  Regt.  Bengal  Army. 

8.  Warwick  Villas,  Maida  Hill,  W. 


FLORENCE     WILSON  :      ERASMUS  *.       JOHN      OGILVIE, 
PARSON    OF    CRUDEN  :    FORBES    OF    TOLQUHON. 

So  little  is  known  of  the  early  history  of  emi- 
nent Scotsmen,  that  any  contribution  on  the  sub- 
ject is  usually  acceptable.  Florence  Wilson  is 
known  as  the  author  of  a  beautiful  treatise  in 
Latin,  De  Tranquillitate  Animi.  He  came  from 
Aberdeen,  and  went  abroad.*  Some  letters  of  his 
will  be  found  in  the  Bannatyne  Miscellany  (vol.  i.), 
with  a  prefatory  notice  from  the  able  pen  of 
David  Laing,  Esq. 

Since  their  publication  another  letter,  now  in 
the  possession  of  the  writer  of  this  notice,  has 
been  discovered  written  on  the  fly-leaf  of  the  edi- 
tion of  Erasmus's  Apothegmata,  4to.  1533,  pre- 
senting the  volume  to  his  friend  John  Ogilvie, 
parson  of  Cruden,  in  Aberdeenshire.  This  volume 
had  been  for  two  hundred  and  fifty  years  in  the 
library  of  the  family  of  Forbes  of  Tolquhon,  and 
bore  on  the  title  the  autograph  of  "  Williame 
Forbes  of  Tolquhon,  1588." 

This  gentleman  was  a  great  book  collector  ; 
and  the  very  rare  and  curious  volumes  which  re- 
cently came  from  the  north,  and  were  disposed  of 
in  detached  portions  by  Mr.  Nisbet  in  Edinburgh 
at  various  times,  make  it  a  matter  of  regret  that 
the  library  was  not  sold  in  its  entire  state  with  a 
proper  descriptive  catalogue. 

Among  other  curiosities  was  a  beautiful  volume 
which  had  belonged  to  the  Earl  of  Bothwell,  the 
husband  of  Queen  Mary,  in  the  original  admira- 
ble binding,  with  the  arms  of  the  owner  as  Lord 
High  Admiral  of  Scotland  stamped  on  the  boards. 
It  was  a  French  treatise  on  mathematics,  and  sold 
for  13^.  13s.  Subsequently  the  work  of  Erasmus 
above-named  was  acquired  by  the  writer,  who 
accidentally  had  recognised  the  letter  of  Wilson, 
who  presented  the  work  to  Ogilvie ;  who,  in  re- 
turn, is  requested  to  send  a  little  nag,  "  eque- 
leiim,"  as  Wilson  proposes  to  go  to  the  country, 


[*  See"N.  &Q."  P'S.ii.  311.;  iii.  29.— Ed.] 


204 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '59, 


and  requires  the  use  of  a  horse.  He  reminds 
Ogilvie  of  the  pleasure  he  sometimes  had  derived 
from  Erasmus ;  and  he  makes  many  inquiries 
about  their  mutual  acquaintances,  and  in  parti- 
cular sends  his  love  to  Master  Hector  Boece.  To 
those  interested  in  the  worthies  of  Aberdeenshire, 
from  the  cast  of  names,  the  letter  must  be  singu- 
larly interesting.  J.  M. 


Minav  fiattS. 

History  of  Pews.  —  A  very  curious  addition  to 
this  interesting  subject  is  in  Hasted's  Kent,  vol. 
viii.  p.  43. :  — 

"  William  Philpot  of  Godmersham  by  will,  anno  1475, 
ordered  that  the  making  of  the  new  seats  called  lepewis 
in  this  church  [St.  James  Stowting]  should  be  done  at 
his  expense,  from  the  place  where  St.  Christopher  was 
painted  to  the  corner  of  the  stone  wall  on  the  north  side 
of  the  church." 

We  gather  from  this  extract  that  pews  were 
then  (temp.  Edward  IV.  and  seventy  years  before 
the  Council  of  Trent)  a  novelty ;  but  there  is 
something  more  curious, — they  are  called  le  pewis, 
as  if  of  French  origin.  The  general  notion  has 
been  that  pews  are  a  post-reformation  invention  ; 
and  Richardson  derives  the  word  from  the  Dutch 
puyde.  The  former  idea  is  clearly  wrong ;  in 
fact,  they  are  mentioned  in  Piers  Ploughman,  and 
the  latter  is  based  only  on  conjecture.  If  the 
word  be  of  French  derivation,  is  it  possible  that 
pewis  is  a  corruption  of  pervis  —  the  parvise  or 
enclosure  of  our  old  writers?  See  "N.  &  Q."  P' 
S.  i.  215.,  &c. 

Bale  (Image  of  both  Churches,  b,  b.  viii.  note) 
mentions  "  all  shrynes,  images,  churchstoles,  and 
pewes  that  are  well  payed  for."  This  is  very  cu- 
rious, as  paying  for  pews  is  generally  thought  to 
be  quite  a  modern  innovation.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Fate  of  three  men  of  letters.  —  To  the  self-named 
reformers  of  the  Royal  literary  fund,  and  to  the 
real  friends  of  the  institution,  the  subjoined  ex- 
tract affords  matter  for  serious  reflection :  — 

"  Neceologie.    Trois  hommes  de  lettres  a  I'hopital. 

"  La  quinzaine  qui  vient  de  s'&ouler  a  ete  fatale  k  la 
litterature.  La  mort.qui  ne  s'arrete  jamais  dans  son 
ceuvre  de  destruction  a  frapp^  successivement,  et  a  quel- 
ques  jours  d'intervalle : 

"  M.  Alexandre  Privat  d'Anglemont,  le  spirituel  au- 
teur  des  Industries  inconnues — La  Childebert — Les  oiseaux 
de  nuit  —  La  villa  des  chiffonniers.  M.  Privat  avait  et^ 
longtemps  I'un  des  r(^dacteurs  du  journal  Le  siecle ; 

"  M.  Gustave  d'Avaigny,  auteur  dramatique  et  ancien 
feuilletoniste  du  journal  L'assemhlee  nationale; 

"  M.  J.  Bordas-Demoulin,  I'auteur  du  Cartesianisme, 
ouvrage  couronnepar  I'lnstitut,  des  Lettres  sur  Veclectisme 
et  le  doetrinarisme.  M.  Bordas-Demoulin  avait  aussi  ^crit 
la  notice  sur  Bl.  Pascal,  inseree  en  tete  de  I'edition  in-I2 
des  Provinciales,  publiee  par  MM.  Firmin  Didot  frferes. 

"  Plus  heureux  que  Gerard  de  Nerval,  son  compagnon  et 
son  ami,  M.  Privat  d'Anglemont  est  mort  h  la  Maison 


municipale  de  sante  du  faubourg  Saint-Denis.  MM. 
d'Avrigny  et  Bordas-Demoulin  sont  morts  h.  I'hopital  de 
la  Riboisifere." 

The  above  is  from  the  Bulletin  du  bouquiniste, 
No.  64.,  15  August,  '59.  Bolton  Corney. 

Fontainebleau. 

The  last  of  the  '' Shannon:' —In  The  Times  of 
Friday  the  2nd  inst.  I  read  that  as*  soon  as  the 
breaking-up  of  the  "  Tartar  "  frigate  is  completed 
in  Chatham  dockyard,  the  "  St.  Lawrence,"  one 
of  the  old  46-gun  frigates,  "  will  be  taken  into  the 
same  dock  and  broken  up."  This  "St.  Lawrence" 
is,  I  believe,  no  other  than  that  famous  old  "Shan- 
non "  which  fought  and  captured  the  "  Chesa- 
peake" in  the  American  war.  Her  name,  having 
taken  an  imperishable  place  in  history,  was  trans-* 
ferred  some  few  years  since  to  the  large  screw 
frigate  which  now  bears  it  (and  which  has  herself 
been  made  memorable  by  the  late  gallant  Sir 
William  Peel).  The  renowned  old  hull  has  since 
been  lost  sight  of  under  the  name  of  the  "  St. 
Lawrence."  If  I  am  not  mistaken  respecting 
these  facts  —  and  I  can  hardly  be  —  many  will 
doubtless  be  glad  to  learn  that  a  last  look  may 
yet  be  taken  of  this  famous  old  vessel.  R. 

A  modern  Giant.  — 

"Last  week,  near  the  new  church  at  Rotherliithe,  a 
Stone  Coffin  of  a  prodigious  Size  was  taken  out  of  the 
Ground,  and  in  it  the  Skeleton  of  a  man  ten  Foot  long." 
—The  Weekly  Packet,  Dec.  21-28,  1717. 

W.  P. 

Somersetshire  Poets. —  I  think  I  am  not  wrong 
in  stating  as  a  curious  fact  that  Somersetshire  has 
produced  no  poet  of  eminence.  Fuller,  indeed, 
places  Daniel  in  his  list  of  the  worthies  of  the 
county ;  but  if  the  poet's  own  epitaph  is  to  be 
trusted,  "he  was  borne  at  Wilmington  in  Wilt- 
shire, nere  y^  plaine  of  Salisbury,"  and  Somer- 
setshire can  only  claim  the  honour  of  being  his 
burial-place.  C.  J.  Robinson. 


^xxtxiti. 


SUFER-ALTABS   IN   CATHEDRALS. 

What  is  the  origin,  use,  or  symbolism  of  the 
raised  ledge  or  step  in  the  altar,  known  to  ritual- 
ists as  the  super-altar,  and  which  appears  to  be 
peculiar  to  cathedral  churches  ? 

A  reference  to  the  elaborate  article  on  the 
Communion  Table  in  Dr.  Pinnock's  Laws  and 
Usages  of  the  Church,  volume  C,  and  the  autho- 
rities there  quoted,  as  well  as  to  other  works  on 
the  Anglican  ritual,  has  failed  to  supply  the  de- 
sired information. 

I  have  recently  had  an  opportunity  of  visiting 
very  many  of  the  English  cathedrals,  and  in  two 
only  did  I  notice  the  absence  of  the  super- altar, 
namely,  at  Bristol  and  Ripon. 


2°<i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


205 


In  the  latter  case  it  may  probably  be  accounted 
for  by  the  fact  of  the  minster  having  been  made  a 
cathedral  on  the  creation  of  the  see  of  Ripon  in 
1836  (by  the  act  of  6  &  7  Will.  IV.  c.  77.),  having 
been  previously  only  a  collegiate  church. 

Your  correspondents  may  perhaps  be  able  to 
mention  other  instances. 

I  should  add  that  I  have  seen  the  super-altar 
in  royal  chapels,  and  lately  remarked  it  in  some 
of  the  college  chapels  at  Oxford,  and  even  in  a 
church  which  was  simply  parochial. 

Is  there  any  definite  rule  about  its  being  pecu- 
liar to  any  particular  class  of  churches  ? 

Can  it  be  derived  from  the  Roman  Catholic 
practice  of  elevating  the  host  ?  If  so,  what  is  the 
propriety  of  retaining  it  in  our  cathedrals  ? 

I  have  been  told  it  is  for  the  purpose  of  exhi- 
biting the  communion  plate,  which  now  undoubt- 
edly is  its  practical  use  (thus  making  a  huffet  of 
the  altar),  but  could  not  be  its  original  object ; 
for  if  so,  it  would  be  just  as  necessary  in  most 
parish  churches.  John  Ribton  Garstin. 

Dublin. 


CAXCUITH. 


The  situation  of  this  place  has  been  the  object 
of  great  contention  among  historians  and  anti- 
quaries, and  has  never  been  satisfactorily  cleared 

Collier,  in  his  Ecclesiastical  History  (vol.  i.  p. 
319.,  edit.  1852),  says  :  "  and  as  for  the  synod  of 
Calcuith,  in  which  Lambert  was  forced  to  resign 
part  of  his  province,"  &c.  This  synod  was  held 
in  785  according  to  the  Saxon  Chronicle.^  Florence 
of  Worcester,  Huntingdon,  Hoveden,  &c. 

The  Saxon  Chronicle  (785)  says:  "this  year. 
Abbot  Bothwin  died  at  Ripon ;  and  this  year 
there  was  a  contentious  synod  at  ^  Chalk-hythe ;' 
and  Archbishop  Lambert  gave  up  some  portion 
of  his  Bishopric  ;  and  Higbert  was  elected  ;  and 
Offa  resigning,  Egbert  was  consecrated  King." 

There  is  a  tradition  at  Chalk  in  Kent  of  this 
council  being  held  there. 

Offa  had  then  conquered  Kent,  and  he  is  said 
"  to  have,  gone  out  of  his  own  dominions  to  meet 
the  high  Dignitaries  of  the  Church  and  the  Pope's 
legate." 

Spelman  places  this  council  in  787 ;  others  think 
it  was  two  years  earlier.  Pope  Adrian  sent  Gre- 
gory, Bishop  of  Ostia,  and  Theophylact,  Bishop  of 
Vodi,  to  assist  at  it,  with  the  character  of  legates. 

On  their  arrival  one  of  these  legates  travelled 
into  the  kingdom  of  Northumberland  to  King 
Oswald.  Eanbald  was  then  Archbishop  of  York ; 
and  there  was  a  meeting  of  all  the  great  men  of 
the  kingdom,  clergy  and  laity. 

The  legates  state,  in  their  letter  to  the  Pope, 
that  from  the  time  of  St.  Augustine  there  had 
been  no  prelate  or  priest  sent  from  Rome  into 
Britain  till  now. 


They  likewise  state  that  they  had  delivered  the 
letters  of  his  Holiness  to  Offa,  King  of  Mercia, 
and  Kinielph,  King  of  the  West  Saxons ;  the  first 
of  which  was  present  at  the  synod  of  Calcuith,  and 
all  declared  themselves  ready  to  submit  to  the 
directions  of  Rome. 

In  Collier's  Eccl.  Hist.  (vol.  i,  pp.  320.  to  323., 
edit.  1 852)  the  reader  may  see  the  particulars  of 
the  twenty  heads  or  canons  of  this  council  or 
synod  at  length. 

These  canons  were  first  read  in  the  Northum- 
brian synod ;  where,  after  they  had  been  sub- 
scribed by  the  king,  the  bishops,  nobility,  and 
clergy  of  the  province,  they  were  brought  by  the 
legates  and  presented  at  the  council  or  synod  of 
Calcuith  in  the  kingdom  of  Mercia :  this  would 
hardly  imply  Kent.  And  here  they  were  unani- 
mously received  and  signed  by  King  Offa,  Lam- 
bert, Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  twelve  other 
bishops,  several  abbots,  and  other  great  men  of 
the  laity.  (See  Spelman,  Condi.,  vol.  i.  p.  300., 
&c.) 

It  would  appear  that  besides  Archbishop  Lam- 
bert, who  is  said  to  have  signed  the  canons  of  the 
sy7iod  of  Calcuith  before  King  Offa,  that  twelve 
other  bishops  subscribed  the  roll.  Matthew  Paris 
says  that  Bishop  Lambert  resigned  part  of  his 
province  to  the  Archbishop  of  Lichfield  at  this 
synod  of  Calcuith;  and  that  Offa  had  his  eldest 
son  Egfrid,  a  prince  of  great  hopes,  crowned  here. 
(See  Collier,  Ibid.,  p.  324.) 

On  the  26th  of  July,  816,  another  council  was 
convened  at  Calcuith,  or  Celichyth.  It  was  com- 
posed of  the  bishops  south  of  the  Humber,  and 
within  the  respective  kingdoms  of  the  East  Angles, 
Kent,  Mercia,  and  the  West  Saxons. 

Wulfrid,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  presided, 
and  twelve  of  his  suffragans.  Kenelph,  King  of 
the  Mercians,  with  his  nobles,  attended  it,  and 
the  abbots,  priests,  and  deacons  of  the  province . 

Eleven  canons  were  passed  at  this  council,  and 
very  important  ones.  The  reader  will  find  them 
set  down  in  Collier's  Eccles.  Hist.  (edit.  1852,  vol. 
i.  pp.  348.  to  354.) 

The  Saxon  Chronicle  does  not  mention  this 
council ;  but  it  is  probable  that  the  Celichyth 
mentioned  here,  caused  Dr.  Lingard  to  think  it 
was  held  at  Chelsea,  which  originally  bore  that 
name. 

Will  any  of  your  readers  be  pleased  to  give  any 
information  they  may  possess  on  the  situation  of 
this  place,  and  they  will  greatly  oblige  many  of 
your  readers  ?  J.  W. 

Birmingham. 


Vauxhall  Punch,  8fc.  —  As  these  celebrated  gar- 
dens are  under  rapid  demolition,  perhaps  the 
representatives  of  "the  immortal  Simpson"  will 


203 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  YIII.  Sept.  10.  '50. 


tell  us  the  composition  of  their  famous  "punch" — 
as  much  celebrated  for  giving  headaches,  when 
taken  in  excess,  as  "the  Vauxhall  sandwich"  was 
remarkable  for  its  nothingness.  Perhaps  (as  it  is 
no  longer  a  secret)  they  could  inform  us  how 
many  of  these  "  stop-gaps"  were  made  out  of  one 
ham  ?  Any  other  particulars  as  to  the  sale  would, 
I  should  imagine,  be  acceptable.  Centurion. 

Translators'  Interpolations,  — 

"  The  critics  who  take  offence  at  Achilles  because  he 
does  not  resemble  King  Arthur  or  Louis  XIV.  may  be 
excused  on  the  ground  of  incapacity  so  long  as  they  con- 
fine their  impertinence  to  the  notes;  not  so  with  the 
translators,  who,  both  English  and  French,  have  inserted 
their  moral  babblings  in  the  text."  —  P.  23.  (^On  the 
Study  of  the  Greek  CZassjcs,  London,  1756, 12mo.,  pp.  164.) 

Examples  of  such  "babblings"  are  not  given. 
Are  they  known  to  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  ? 

S.  H.  J. 
Counsellor  Tilly. — 

"  1734.  IMr.  Tilb',  son  of  Counsellor  Tilly,  to  Mr.  Best- 
man's  daughter,  of  liridewell,  with  a  fortune  of  5000/." — 
Historical  Register. 

I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  any  reader  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  who  will  favour  me  with  any  information 
respecting  "  Counsellor  Tilly" — particularly  as  to 
his  marriage.  James  Knowi-es. 

Sir  Henry  Killigrew.  —  We  shall  be  glad  of  any 
information  respecting  this  eminent  diplomatist, 
Avho  was  a  man  of  great  accomplishments,  and  one 
of  the  early  benefactors  of  Emmanuel  College. 
We  particularly  desire  to  be  informed  on  the  fol- 
lowing points  :  — 

1.  Who  were  his  parents  ? 

2.  When  was  he  born  ? 

3.  When  was  he  knighted  ? 

4.  What  were  the  christian  names  of  his  daugh- 
ters ?  Elizabeth  is  said  to  have  been  the  wife  of 
Sir  Nicholas  Lower.  Another  (who  is  also  called 
Elizabeth)  was  wife  successively  of  Sir  Jonathan 
Trelawney  and  Sir  Thomas  Reynell.  Ann  was 
wife  successively  of  Sir  Henry  Neville  and  George 
Carleton,  Bishop  of  Chichester,  and  Dorothy  was 
wife  of  Sir  Edward  Seymour. 

5.  When  did  he  die?  He  appears  to  have  been 
living  in  1602,  when  Carew  published  his  Survey 
of  Cornwall. 

6.  Where  was  he  buried  ? 

7.  Is  there  any  monument  to  his  memory  ? 

8.  Is  any  portrait  of  him  known  to  exist  ? 

9.  Is  anything  known  respecting  his  paintings  ? 
Lloyd  refers  to  him  as  a  good  artist,  but  we  have 
not  found  any  mention  of  him  in  Walpole's  work. 

Some  curious  particulars  respecting  him  appear 
in  "  A  Remembrance  of  Henry  Kylligrew's  Jour- 
nyes  in  her  Majesty's  Service,  and  by  Commande- 
ment  from  my  Lorde  Treasorer,  from  the  last 
Yeare  of  Queene  Marye"  (Leonard  Howard's 
Letters,  184.).  We  know  not  whether  this  is  iden- 


tical with  "  A  Note  of  such  Voyages  as  Mr.  Henry 
Killegrew  made  for  the  Service  of  the  Queen  and 
her  Highness's  Realm"  (MS.  Lansd.,  106.,  art. 
31.).  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Sir  Richard  Steele's  former  Wife.  —  Can  any 
one  tell  me  (what  neither  Nichols  nor  any  of 
Steele's  biographers  could  find  out)  who  the  lady 
was  at  whose  funeral  Steele  met  Miss  Scurlock, 
afterwards  Lady  Steele?  Sir  Richard's  former 
wife  (I  do  not  say  "  first  wife,"  for  he  may  have 
had  more  than  two  wives)  possessed  an  estate  in 
Barbadoes ;  and,  as  "  N.  &  Q."  is  read  all  over 
the  world,  perhaps  some  of  your  readers  in  that 
island  can  enlighten  me  ?  W.  H.  W. 

Planet  Showers. — This  is  a  term  in  constant 
use  by  the  vulgar.  What  does  it  mean  ?  Has  it 
reference  to  the  wandering  character  of  the  rain- 
bursts,  or  is  it  supposed  that  the  precipitation  is 
caused  by  any  peculiar  configuration  of  the  pla- 
nets ?  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

Beaumont's  "Life  of  Dean  Granville"  or  Gren- 
ville.  — 

"  Mr.  Beaumont,  a  clergyman  resident  in  the  count}'  of 
Durham,  seems  to  have  composed  a  narrative  of  the  Life 
of  Dean  Granville.  Of  this  he  had  read  sundry  portions 
to  Sir  George  Wheler,  and  received  from  him  the  follow- 
ing letter  upon  the  subject."  —  Zouch's  Worhs,  vol.  ii.  167. 

Was  this  work  ever  printed,  or  does  it  exist  in 
MS.?  E.  H.  A. 

Sir  John  Jacoh,  Bart. — I  should  feel  obliged  for 
particulars  (beyond  those  given  in  Burke's  Baro- 
netage) with  reference  to  the  life  of  the  first  baro- 
net of  this  name.  He  died  in  1666,  but  I  wish  to 
know  at  what  age  and  place  ?        C.  J.  Robinson. 

John  Roive,  M.P. — Who  was  John  Rowe,  Mem- 
ber for  Canterbury  39  Eliz.  ?         C.  J.  Robinson. 

Crossley  of  S.  Leonard's,  5AorerfiYc/%.— Informa- 
tion is  requested  respecting  this  family,  which 
bore  for  arms,  gules,  a  fess,  or,  between  3  cross 
molines,  or ;  crest,  a  tiger's  head.  Samuel  Cross- 
ley  married  Elizabeth,  sister  of  Sir  Matthew 
Blakiston,  Bart.,  and  died  in  1784,  aged  forty- 
sevenr*  C.  J.  Robinson. 

Mrs.  Glasse's  Cookery.  —  On  dipping  into  a 
Biographical  Dictionary  the  other  day,  I  stumbled 
on  the  following  paragraph  :  — 

"On  his  outset  in  London,  he  [Astley,  the  paiuter] 
lived  in  St.  James's  Street,  where  Dr.  Hill  followed  him, 
and  wrote  that  book  which,  except  the  Bible,  has  had 
the  greatest  sale  in  the  language,  the  Cookery  of  Mrs. 
Glasse." 

I  would  inquire  whether  there  is  any  farther 

[*  See  Ellis's  Shoreditch,  p.  66.,  for  the  inscription  on 
the  family  vault.  —  Ed.] 


2'">S.  VIII.  Sept.  10. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


207 


authority  for  thia  ;  and  whether  the  Hannah 
"Glasse  of  Bridges  Street  can  be  shown  to  be 
anything  more  than  an  accidental  similarity  of 
name  ?  To  those  who  are  acquainted  with  the 
getting-up  of  books,  it  will  appear  far  more  pro- 
bable to  assign  that  compilation  to  the  "  multo- 
^ribbling"  Dr.  Hill  than  to  a  dressmaker  engaged 
in  business.  Dunics. 

Arabic  Poem.  —  A  few  days  ago  I  was  shown  a 
book  which  belonged  to  the  King  of  Delhi,  and 
which  it  was  reported  that  he  was  reading  when 
taken.  It  contained  a  qacidah,  or  rhj'med  poem, 
beautifully  written  in  the  illuminated  style.  I 
observed  that  the  last  word  of  the  first  couplet 
was  hdhid;  the  last  words  of  the  first  line  of  this 
•couplet,  and  of  the  second  line  of  every  other 
couplet,  rhyming  with  this. 

Can   any  of  your   correspondents   inform   me 
■whether  there  is  any  known  Arabic  poem  which  j 
answers  to  this  description  ?  and,  if  so,  what  is  its 
subject,  its  age,  and  the  name  of  its  author  ?  | 

E.  H.  D.  D.  I 

Debating  Societies.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  i 
supply  the  following  information  ?      The  names  | 
and  principal  features  of  all  the  "Debating  So-  | 
cleties"  which  have  existed  in  this  country  for 
the  last  century ;  or  the  name  of  any  work  con- 
taining such  information  ? 

We  know  that  Burke,  Sheridan,  Johnson,  and 
other  celebrities  were  members  of  a  debating 
<;lub,  and  that  many  other  such  societies  have 
existed,  such  as  the  famous  "  Robin  Hood  Club," 
but  are  their  histories  chronicled  ?  I  should  feel 
greatly  obliged  to  any  of  your  readers  who  could 
inform  me  upon  the  subject.  C.  J.  B. 

Whitelock  Pedigree.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  the  particulars  of  the  marriage,  death, 
&c.  of  Bulstrode  Whitelock.  of  Phillis  Court, 
Henley  (great-grandson  of  Sir  Bulstrode),  who 
was  born  about  1700,  and  sold  the  manor  of 
Henley  in  1723.  I  wish  also  to  see  the  act  of  \ 
parliament  (ante  1675)  for  settling  the  estates  of 
Sir  Bulstrode  on  his  three  sons,  Bulstrode,  Wil- 
loughby,  and  Carlton.  John  S.  Bukn. 

Henley. 

Efford. — Two  adjoining  fords  on  a  small  stream 
in  Hants  bear  the  names  of  Efford  and  Wains- 
ford,  the  latter  higher  up  and  the  former  lower 
down  the  stream.  One  is  obviously  "  the  wag- 
gon-ford," the  other,  I  have  been  informed,  means 
*'  the  horse-ford."  Can  this  be  substantiated  by 
its  etymolog)',  or  Is  It  more  probably  from  Avon- 
ibrd  ?  Edward  Kikg. 

"  The  Royal  Slave."— W.  Cartwrlght's  play.  The 
Royal  Slave,  was  acted  by  the  students  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  on  30th  August,  1636,  before 
King  Charles  I.  and  his  queen.    Dr.  Busby,  after- 


wards Master  of  Westminster,  performed  one  of 
the  principal  parts  in  the  play.  Have  the  names 
of  the  other  performers  been  preserved  ?       A.  Z. 

George  Lesly.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  inform- 
ation regarding  George  Lesly,  author  of  Divine 
Dialogues,  published  (2nd  edition)  in  1C84.  The 
author  was  rector  of  Whittering,  Northampton- 
shire.    What  was  the  date  of  his  death  ?        A.  Z. 

Shakspeare.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform 
me  whether  any  of  the  plays  of  Shakspeare  have 
been  translated  into  the  Welsh  language  ?     A.  Z. 

The  Lord  Mayor  of  Dublin,  1764.  — In  No.  96. 
of  the  Dublin  Freemans  Journal  (Aug.  4,  1764),  I 
find  the  following  notice  :  — 

"  Whereas  freqaeiit  attempts  have  been  made,  by  wicked 
and  evil-minded  persons,  to  deprive  the  Chief  Magistrate 
of  the  City  Sword  on  the  day  of  perambulating  the  Fran- 
chises thereof,  I  do  give  this  public  Notice,  that  I  am 
determined  to  support  the  rights  of  this  Citj^  and  not  to 
suffer  any  infringement  of  my  authority ;  and  do  require 
the  Citizens  to  be  aiding  and  assisting  therein,  as  I  am 
resolved  to  punish  the  offenders  with  the  utmost  severity'. 
Dated  the  4th  day  of  August,  1664. 

"  William  Forbes." 

To  what  Is  reference  made  ?  And  where  may  I 
ascertain  particulars  ?  I  cannot  find  any  in  the 
FreemarCs  Journal.  Abhba. 


^tn0r  ^uerteiS  toft!)  Sitdtntr^. 

Yorhshire  Worthies,  by  Hartley  Coleridge.  — 
I  have  in  my  possession  an  8vo.  volume  extending 
to  upwards  of  700  pages,  lettered  Wo?-thies  of 
Yorkshire.  It  has  no  title-page,  but  the  Initials 
H.  C.  are  at  the  end  of  the  preface,  which  mean 
Hartley  Coleridge,  who  was  the  son  of  the  cele- 
brated Samuel  Taylor  Coleridge.  Hartley  was  a 
poet  as  original  in  his  writings  as  his  father,  and 
he  was  as  original  a  thinker,  and  excellent  a 
prose-writer,  without  his  father's  mysticism.  I 
knew  him  when  a  probationary  Fellow  of  Oriel 
College,  Oxford.  He  was  an  eccentric  character; 
In  truth,  like  Beattie's  Minstrel,  "  he  was  a  wan- 
dering, strange  and  wondrous  boy."  Tiie  value  of 
these  excellent  ZiY'es  of  the  Yorkshire  Worthies,  as 
written  by  the  younger  Coleridge,  have  never,  I 
think,  been  duly  appreciated.  My  volumes  contain 
those  of  Andrew  Marvell ;  Dr.  Bentley ;  Lord  Fair- 
fax; James  Earl  of  Derby;  Anne  Clifford,  Countess 
of  Pembi'oke;  Roger  Ascham;  John  Fisher,  Bishop 
of  Rochester;  William  Mason,  the  poet;  Sir 
Richard  Arkwright ;  William  Roscoe ;  Captain 
James  Cook ;  and  William  Congreve,  the  drama- 
tist. The  characters  of  these  Yorkshire  Worthief , 
as  depicted  by  Hartley  Coleridge,  show  him  to 
have  been  possessed  with  a  singularly  compre- 
hensive knowledge  of  History,  Politics,  Poetry, 
and  the  Fine  Arts;  and,  as  in  the  case  of  Sir 
Richard  Arkwright,  of  the  construction  and  na- 


208 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[•i-d  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10,  'oP. 


tional  benefits  of  the  machinery  which  he  invented. 
Such  a  combination  of  talent,  interspersed  with 
a  variety  of  entertaining  anecdotes,  is  not  excelled 
bj'  any  of  our  modern  biographers,  and  unfortu- 
nately the  volume  I  possess,  which  has  beautifully 
engraved  portraits  of  Marvell  and  Ann  Clifford, 
states  it  to  be  the  end  of  volume  one. 

Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform 
me  if  there  was  a  second  volume  ever  published, 
and  by  whom  ?  The  work  seldom  appears  for  sale 
in  our  booksellers'  catalogues.  J.  M.  Gxitch. 

Worcester. 

[The  above  biographies,  by  the  late  Hartley  Coleridge, 
have  been  frequently  reprinted.  They  were  published 
originally  under  the  title  of  Biographia  Boredlis,  or  Lives 
of  Distinguished  Northerns,  8vo,,  Lond.  1833.  The  second 
edition  appeared  at  Leeds  (8vo.  1834),.  and  was  entitled 
The  Worthies  of  Yorkshire  and  Lancashire  :  being  Lives 
of  the  most  distinguished  Persons  that  have  been  born  in,  or 
connected  with,  those  Provinces.  ( Vide  an  admirable  re- 
view of  it  in  the  Quarterly,  vol.  liv.  pp.  330 — 355.)  The 
third  edition,  8vo.,  Lond.  and  Hull,  1835,  was  simply  en- 
titled Lives  of  Illustrious  Worthies  of  Yorkshire,  &c.,  and 
was  an  exact  duplicate  of  pp.  1 — 480.  of  the  Biographia 
Borealis,  with  the  introductory  Essaj',  but  with  two  fine 
portraits  of  Andrew  Marvell  and  Anne  Clifford,  Countess 
of  Dorset.  The  fourth  and  most  complete  edition  was 
published  so  lately  as  1852  (12mo.  Lond.)  in  3  vols,  under 
the  title  of  Lives  of  Northern  Worthies,  with  the  last  cor- 
rections of  the  author,  and  the  marginal  observations  of 
his  father,  Samuel  Taylor  Coleridge.  Our  correspondent 
Mr.  Gutch  appears  to  possess  all  the  Lives  with  the  ex- 
ception of  that  of  John  Fothergill,  BI.D.,  which  closes  the 
series.] 

Vulture  Hopkins.  —  In  the  south-west  corner  of 
Wimbledon  churchyard  is  to  be  found  a  tomb- 
stone with  this  inscription  :  — 

"  In  a  vault  under  this  stone  lies  interred  the  body  of 
John  Hopkins,  Esq.,  familiarly  known  as  '  Vulture  Hop- 
kins,' who  departed  this  life  the  25th  April,  1732,  Aged 
69." 

Can  you  inform  an  old  subscriber  who  Mr. 
"Vulture  Hopkins"  was,  and  for  what  he  was 
"familiarly"  celebrated?  Miles. 

[John  Hopkins  was  a  wealthy  London  merchant,  and 
resided  in  Old  Broad  Street.  He  was  the  architect  of 
nearly  his  whole  fortune,  which  originated  in  some  highly 
fortunate  speculations  in  the  stocks,  and  was  considerably 
increased  at  the  explosion  of  the  South-Sea  bubble  in 
1720.  He  obtained  the  name  of  Vulture  Hopkins  from 
his  rapacious  mode  of  acquiring  his  immense  wealth, 
which  at  his  death  amounted  to  300,000?.  On  one  occa- 
sion he  paid  an  evening  visit  to  Guy,  the  founder  of  the 
Hospital  in  Southwark,  who  also  was  as  remarkable  for 
his  private  parsimony  as  his  public  munificence.  On 
Hopkins  entering  the  room,  Mr.  Guy  lighted  a  farthing 
candle  which  lay  ready  on  the  table,  and  desired  to  know 
the  purport  of  the  gentleman's  visit.  "  I  have  been  told," 
said  Hopkins, "  that  you,  Sir,  are  better  versed  in  the  pru- 
dent and  necessary  art  of  saving  than  any  man  now  living, 
and  I  therefore  wait  upon  j-ou  for  a  lesson  of  frugality ; 
an  art  in  which  I  used  to  think  I  excelled,  but  am  told 
by  all  who  know  you,  that  you  are  greatly  my  superior." 
"  And  is  that  all  you  came  about  ?  "  replied  Guy,  "  why 
then  we  can  talk  this  matter  over  in  the  dark."  Upon 
this,  he  with  great  deliberation  extinguished  his  new- 


lighted  farthing  candle.  Struck  with  this  example  of 
economy,  Hopkins  rose  up,  acknowledged  himself  con- 
vinced of  the  other's  superior  thrift,  and  took  his  leave.* 

Unfortunately  for  Hopkins,  he  happened  to  be  a  Whig, 
and  was  moreover  concerned  in  various  loans  to  a  govern- 
ment composed  of  Whigs;  this  may  account  for  the 
exacerbation  of  Pope  in  the  following  lines  from  Epistle 
III.  of  his  Moral  Essays  :  — 

"  When  Hopkins  dies,  a  thousand  lights  attend 
The  wretch,  who  living  saved  a  candle's  end : 
Should'ring  God's  altar  a  vile  image  stands, 
Belies  his  features,  nay,  extends  his  hands ; 
That  live-long  wig  which  Gorgon's  self  might  own. 
Eternal  buckle  takes  in  Parian  stone."] 

Bibliographical  Queries.  —  Where  can  I  find  an 
accurate  description  of  the  leaves  which  should 
precede  and  follow  the  text  of  Coverdale's  Bible 
of  1553  ?  My  copy  has  a  perfect  title,  differing 
slightly  from  Dibdin's  Ames's  Typogr.  Antiq.  (iv. 
246-7.)  The  other  preliminary  leaves  do  not 
agree  with  the  account  given  by  Mr.  Lea  Wilson 
(p.  36.) 

I  have  a  "  New  Testament  in  Englishe,  fayth- 
fully  traslated  accordyng  to  the  Texte  of  Eras- 
mus," &c.  "  Imprinted  ad  London,  in  Flete 
strete,  at  the  Signe  of  y"  Rosegarland,  by  Wyl- 
lyam  Copland  for  John  Wayly,  1550,"  12mo. 
(See  Dibdin's  Ames's  Typ.  Antiq..,  iii.  131.)  Does 
it  occur  in  any  of  the  printed  lists  ?  And  is  it  at 
all  rare  ?  Joseph  Rix. 

St.  Xeots. 

[^Coverdale's  Bible,  4to.,  published  by  Jugge,  1553. 
This  book  was  printed  at  Zurich  by  Chrystoffer  Fros- 
chower,  1550.  On  his  title  he,  by  mistake,  says  "  purely 
translated  into  Englische  by  Mayst.  Thomas  Mathewe " 
[Wm.  Tyndale].  This  error  was  rectified  when  the  book 
reached  England,  and  Hester  put  a  new  title,  with  "  fay  th- 
fully  translated  into  Englyshe  by  Myles  Coverdale, 
1550."  My  copy  of  this  edition  (a  very  fine  one)  has 
the  same  number  of  preliminary  leaves  contained  in  the 
issue  of  the  same  book  by  Jugge  in  1553.  My  copy  of 
Jugge  is  remarkably  fine ;  it  was  Dr.  GifTord's,  and  is 
bound  in  old  blue  turkey,  and  both  this  and  Hester's 
are  apparently  unsophisticated,- the  preliminary  leaves 
being  the  same  in  each,  viz.  twelve.  But  I  am  told 
that  the  Zurich  edition  had  eighteen,  Hester's  eight, 
and  Jugge's  twelve  preliminary  leaves  —  each  having 
three  leaves  of  table  at  the  end.  Dr.  Cotton,  in  his 
Appendix  to  the  lists  of  editions,  has  an  accurate  ac- 
count of  the  twelve  preliminary  leaves  to  the  edition  of 
1553,  under  the  date  of  1550.  Dibdin  has  only  perpe- 
trated ten  errors  in  reprinting  the  title-page !  An  ac- 
curate facsimile  of  Froschower's  title  and  table  has  been 
recently  published. 

The  'New  Testament  from  Erasmus,  by  Copland,  for 
Wayly,  1550,  r2mo.,  is  of  very  great  rarity.  The  only 
account  of  it  that  I  have  met  with,  is  that  referred  to  by 
Mb.  Rix  —  the  fortunate  possessor  of  this  volume.  _  I 
hope  that  he  will,  when  coming  to  London,  bring  it  with 
him,  and  make  an  appointment  with  me  to  meet  at  the 
British  Museum,  and  compare  it  with  a  very  beautiful 
copy  of  Copland's  edition  of  1549,  which  appears  to  be 
very  similar.  —  George  Offor.] 

Wiclif's  Testament.— 1  have  lately  picked  up,  at 
a  bookseller's,  a  copy  of  Wiclif's  translation  of  the 
New  Testament,   edited  by  Lewi?,   folio,    1731. 


2"dS.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '50.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2Ci 


Lowndes  gives  no  list  of  the  plates.  My  copy  has 
two  brilliant  mezzotinto  portraits  —  one  of  Wiclif, 
the  other  anonymous,  but  I  suppose  of  the  editor; 
and  a  facsimile  of  the  title-page  to  Cranmer's 
Bible,  1539.     Are  these  all  ? 

A  MS.  note  on  the  fly-leaf  informs  me  that 
"200  copies  only  were  printed;"  but  Lowndes 
gives  the  number  as  150.  Which  is  the  correct 
statement?  Bristoliensis,  Minor. 

[  Wiclif 's  Testament  by  Lewis,  with  his  history  of  the 
translations  of  the  Bible  into  English  (1731,  folio),  is 
scarce,  but  not  high  priced ;  still  a  very  interesting  book. 
It  was  published  at  one  guinea.  The  directions  for  plac- 
ing the  three  plates  describe  the  anonymous  portrait  as 
"the  Editor's  picture."  The  frontispiece  to  Cranmer's 
Bible  is  not  a  facsimile;  it  omits  the  sentences  on  the 
scrolls,  and  both  the  armorial  bearings  of  Cranmer  and 
Cromwell,  instead  of  which  their  portraits  are  completed. 
It  was  copied,  not  from  the  original  wood  block,  but  from 
the  painted  frontispiece  to  the  copy  of  the  great  Bible, 
printed  on  vellum,  presented  to  Heniy  VIII.,  now  in  the 
British  Museum.  The  third  plate  is  a  portrait  of  Wiclif, 
very  different  from  the  original  published  by  Bishop 
Bale  in  1548,  the  difference  being  between  a  handsome 
bishop  and  a  poor  hard-worked  curate.  These  are  all  the 
copper-plates  that  were  published  with  the  book:  the 
number  of  copies  printed  was  very  limited :  about  one 
hundred  were  subscribed  for.  The  advertisement  states 
that  there  were  but  few  copies  remaining  beyond  those 
that  were  delivered  to  the  subscribers.  The  text  is  in- 
correct, but  the  reprint  by  Baber  in  4to.  is  much  more 
so.  The  only  accurate  text  of  this  revised  version  by 
Wiclif  is  in  Baxter's  Hexapla,  in  editing  which  I  used 
twenty-nine  ancient  MSS.,  and  was  zealouslv  aided  by 
the  late  Lea  Wilson  and  other  friends.  The  earlier,  and 
probably  the  first  version  by  Wiclif,  was  admirably  pub- 
lished by  my  late  friend  Mr.  Pickering  from  Mr.  Wilson's 
manuscript,  and  is  just  now  selling  cheap.  —  Geoege 
Offois,  Hackney.] 

'■^Hallow  e'en":  the  Wren  Song.  —  31st  Oct. 
is  a  remarkable  night  in  Ireland  among  all  classes 
of  society.  Rich  and  poor  have  their  evening's 
amusement  in  burning  nuts,  apple  snapping, 
melting  lead,  and  a  hundred  incantations  to  saints, 
angels,  and  devils,  as  to  the  future  husband 
or  wife  of  the  young  person  desirous  of  such  a 
consummation  of  happiness.  In  the  west  of  Ire- 
land (the  county  of  Galway  in  particular)  the 
youth  go  about  dressed  in  fantastic  shapes,  like 
our  mumraers,  carrying  a  dead  wren,  and  so- 
liciting money  from  house  to  house  in  a  chorus, 
of  which  the  following  is  part  first :  — 

"  The  wran  (^sio),  the  wran,  the  king  of  all  birds, 
St.  Stephen's  Day  was  cocht  {sic)  in  the  lurch ; 
God  bless  the  mistriss  of  this  house, 
And  if  she  dies,  her  soxol  in  heaven  may  rest." 
The  second  part  I  could  never  learn,  as  it  was 
a  sorry  doggrel  composed  of  English  and  Irish  ; 
complimentary,  I  believe,  to  the  householder,  who, 
if  he  was  liberal  enough  to  bestow  a  trifle,  was 
abundantly  rewarded  with  flattery  and  a  shout ; 
but  if  the  deputation  was  sent  away  empty,  he 
was  covered  with  expletives  in  Irish  which  made 
all  the  company  roar  with  laughter,  and  which  I 
understood  was  anything  but  polite. 


Can  any  of  your  readers  give  the  Eccoml  part 
of  the  first  song,  and  state  the  origin  of  thig 
"wran"  expedition?  Geokge  Lloyd. 

[Mr.  Halliwell,  in  his  Nursenj  Rhymes  (2nd  ed.  1843), 
gives,  at  p.  180.,  the  English  version  of  the  "  Hunting  of 
the  Wren ; "  and  at  p.  249.,  the  Isle  of  Man  "  Hunting 
of  the  Wran."  But  this  used  to  take  place  iu  the  Isle  of 
Man  on  the  24th  Dec. ;  but  formerly  St.  Stephen's  Day 
was  the  day  for  this  observance,  as  is  shown  too  by  the 
lines  quoted  by  our  correspondent.] 

Princess  Elizabeth  of  Bohemia.  —  Where  is  the 
best  information  to  be  procured  about  the  family 
of  the  Queen  of  Bohemia,  daughter  of  our  James 
I.  ?  Her  daughter,  the  Princess  Elizabeth,  ap- 
pears to  have  been  living  in  England,  at  Hertford, 
in  1662  or  1664.  W.  C. 

[Mrs.  Green's  interesting  Life  of  Elizabeth,  Queen  of 
Bohemia  {Princesses  of  England,  vols.  v.  and  vi.),  con- 
tains some  particulars  of  her  family.  The  notes,  too,  will 
probably  afford  a  clue  to  the  biography  of  her  children.] 

Lyric  Works  of  Horace.  —  There  was  published, 
in  1786,  a  translation  into  English  of  The  Lyric 
Works  of  Horace.,  with  other  Original  Poems,  by 
an  American.  Can  you  give  me  any  particulars 
of  the  translator  ?  A.  Z. 

[The  translator  was  John  Parke,  of  whom  we  learn 
from  Fisher's  notice  of  the  Early  Poets  of  Pennsylvania 
{Mems.  Hist.  Soc.  Penns.,  vol.  ii.  p.  100.)  that  he  was 
probably  a  native  of  Delaware,  and  born  about  the  j-ear 
1769,  since  he  was  in  the  college  at  Philadelphia  in  1768 ; 
that  at  the  commencement  of  the  war  he  entered  the 
American  army,  and  was  attached,  it  is  supposed,  to 
Washington's  division,  for  some  of  his  pieces  are  dated  at 
camp,  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Boston,  and  others  at 
Whitemarsh  and  Valley  Forge.  After  the  peace  he  was 
for  some  time  in  Philadelphia,  and  is  last  heard  of  in 
Arundel  County,  Virginia.  Vide  Duj'ckinck's  Cyclo.  of 
American  Literature,  i.  805.] 


THE   DUKE    OF   BUCKINGHAM'S    YORK   HOUSE. 

(2°«  S.viii.  121.195.) 

I  am  greatly  indebted  to  Mr.  Foss  for  cor- 
recting my  mistake  respecting  York  House.  How 
I  came  to  confuse  the  two  York  Houses  could  be 
explained,  but  it  is  not  worth  while  to  trouble 
you  upon  the  subject. 

Mr.  Foss  remarks  that  York  House  in  the 
Strand  "  was  purchased  by  Archbishop  Heath  in 
the  reign  of  Queen  Mary,  in  substitution  for  White- 
hall This  is  not  quite  accurate.  The  history 
of  the  transaction  appears  in  Stow  and  other 
writers  ;  and  those  who  have  not  access  to  the 
original  authors  may  see  the  passages  from  them 
extracted  in  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham's  Handbook 
of  London.  The  Archbishops  of  York  being 
without  a  town  residence  (in  consequence  of  their 
loss  of  the  first  York  House,  afterwards  White- 
hall), Queen  Mary  gave  Archbishop  Heath  "  a 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>»«»  S.  YIII.  Sept.  10.  '69. 


large  and  most  sumptuous  house,  built  by  Charles 
Brandon,  late  Duke  of  Suffolk,  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII.,  which  was  called  Suffolk  House  " 
or  Place.  Stow  describes  this  mansion  as  situate 
"  almost  directly  over  against  St.  George's  Church" 
in  Southwark.  The  locality  was  probably  found 
inconvenient  even  in  those  days ;  and  Archbishop 
Heath,  who  was  also  Lord  Chancellor,  was  soon 
able  to  transfer  himself  to  a  more  suitable  neigh- 
bourhood. In  August,  1557,  he  "  obtained  a 
licence  for  the  alienation  of  this  capital  messuage 
of  Suffolk  Place,  and  to  apply  the  price  thereof 
for  buying  of  other  houses,  also  called  Suffolk 
Place,  lying  near  Charing  Cross."  This  second 
Suffolk  Place  (which  had  Ijeen  previously  a  resi- 
dence of  the  Bishops  of  Norwich,  and  in  conse- 
quence was  sometimes  termed  Norwich  House), 
became,  after  Heath's  purchase  of  it,  the  second 
York  House  in  Westminster, — that  one,  namely, 
which  came  into  the  possession  of  the  Duke  of 
Buckingham,  and,  to  speak  accurately,  (which  I 
am  sure  Mr.  Foss  will  agree  with  me  that  those 
who  correct  others  ought  to  be  careful  to  do,)  was 
purchased  not  "  in  substitution  for  Whitehall," 
but  for  Suffolk  Place.  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham 
has  given  an  enumeration  of  its  distinguished  legal 
inhabitants  somewhat  fuller  than  that  printed  by 
you.  He  tells  us,  that  Heath  was  the  only  Arch- 
bishop of  York  who  inhabited  this  second  York 
House,  and  he  only  for  a  very  short  time  ;  his  suc- 
cessors from  1561  to  1606  "  appear  to  have  let  it 
to  the  Lord  Keepers  of  the  (jreat  Seal.  Lord 
Chancellor  Bacon,  the  son  of  Sir  Nicholas  Bacon, 
Lord  Keeper,  was  born  at  York  House  in  1560-1, 
and  here  his  father,  the  Lord  Keeper,  died  in 
1579.  Lord  Keeper  Puckering  died  here  in  1596; 
Lord  Chancellor  Egerton  in  1616-17;  and  here, 
in  1621,  the  Great  Seal  was  taken  from  Lord 
Bacon." 

In  his  Life  of  Archbishop  Heath,  in  the  TAves 
of  the  Judges  (v.  382.)  Mr.  Foss '  describes  the 
way  in  which  Buckingham  procured  possession  of 
York  House  thus  :  —  "  After  Lord  Chancellor 
Bacon's  disgrace,  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  ob- 
tained it,  giving  other  lands  in  exchange." 

This  is  hardly  sufficiently  precise  or  accurate, 
as  Mr.  Foss  will  perceive  from  the  following 
circumstances.  The  history  of  the  transaction 
has  never  been  fully  developed ;  but  the  facts 
stated  by  Mr.  Peter  Cunningham,  with  the  addi- 
tion of  those  brought  to  light  in  the  recently  pub- 
lished Calendars  of  State  Papers,  enable  us  pretty 
well  to  understand  its  nature.  Soon  after  Bacon 
ceased  to  reside  there,  applications  were  made  to 
him  to  part  with  his  interest  —  whatever  it  may 
have  been.  The  Duke  of  Lenox  solicited  per- 
mission either  to  buy  the  place  or  to  make  an 
exchange  for  it.  Bacon  replied  :  "  For  this  you 
will  pardon  me  :  York  House  is  the  house  where 
my  father  died,  and  where  I  first  breathed,  and 


there  will  I  yield  my  last  breath,  if  it  so  please 
God  and  the  King."  Buckingham  was  more  suc- 
cessful than  Lenox.  He  got  possession  upon  some 
terms,  —  what  they  were  does  not  appear,  but  he 
is  said  not  to  have  been  careful  in  the  fulfilment 
of  them.  On  1  July,  1622,  Chamberlain  writes  to 
Carleton,  "Visct.  St.  Albans  has  filed  a  bill  in 
Chancery  against  Buckingham,  on  account  of  the 
nonperformance  of  his  contract  for  taking  York 
House"  (Mrs.  Green's  Calendar  of  State  Papers). 
How  this  was  settled  has  not  yet,  I  believe,  been 
explained. 

Once  in  possession  under  Bacon's  title,  Buck- 
ingham set  himself,  or  rather  the  King  did  on  his 
behalf,  to  persuade  Archbishop  Matthew  to  part 
with  the  freehold  of  the  house.  On  30  March, 
1624,  we  find  that  the  King  wrote  to  Archbishop 
Matthew,  soliciting  that  the  inheritance  of  York 
House  might  be  passed  to  the  Duke  of  Bucking- 
ham, at  the  then  present  assembly  of  parliament. 
Mrs.  Green's  Calendar  informs  us  that  the  King 
urged  that  his  compliance  could  not  injure  his 
own  see,  as  lands  of  greater  profit  should  be  given 
in  exchange,  and  the  house  had  not  for  a  long  time 
past  been  used  as  a  bishop's  residence.  The  King 
added  that  he  had  moved  Buckingham  to  take  the 
house,  and  wished  to  have  the  honour  of  "settling 
such  a  servant  in  it."  The  Archbishop  had  still 
some  scruples:  perhaps  he  objected  to  deal  with 
the  favourite  ;  but  on  the  15  May,  1624,  we  learn* 
from  Archbishop  Laud,  as  quoted  by  Mr.  Cun- 
ningham, that  "  the  Bill  passed  in  Parliament  for 
the  King  to  have  York  House,  in  exchange  for 
other  lands.  This  was  for  the  Lord  Duke  of 
Buckingham."  We  have  here  a  glimpse  of  how 
Buckingham  "obtained  it,"  and  whose  lands,  not 
Buckingham's,  were  given  in  exchange. 

One  other  fact  in  connexion  with  Buckingham's 
buildings  on  this  site,  which  also  appears  in  one 
of  the  new  State  Paper  Calendars,  may  be  worthy 
of  note.  It  is,  that  Portland  stone  was  extensively 
used  in  the  construction  of  Buckingham's  magni- 
ficent mansion,  and  that  James  I.  paid  1800Z.  for 
2000  tons  of  that  material  to  be  used  in  Bucking- 
ham's building.  (Mr.  Bruce's  Calendar  of  Chas.  I., 
vol.  i.  p.  541.)  W.  NoEi,  Sainsburt. 


HANDEL   IN   BRISTOL. 

(2-«»  S.  vii.  494.) 

The  story  of  Handel's  visit  to  the  city  of  Bristol 
is  not  worthy  of  the  slightest  credit.  The  suppo- 
sition "  that  he  was  for  a  little  while  organist  of 
St.  Mary  Redcliff","  is  the  invention  of  some  needy 
penny-a-liner.  The  article  in  The  Bristol  Times 
and  Felix  Farley's  Journal  goes  on  to  say  :  — 

"  We  suspect  he  visited  Bristol  on  his  way  to  Ireland, 
or  perhaps  returning  from  it,  as  we  know  he  first  pro- 
duced the  Jlessiah  in  Dublin,  having  determined  to  give 


2n<i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


the  Irish  metropolis  the  benefit  of  that  genius  which  was 
not  at  first  so  promptly  recognised  in  the  English  capital. 
The  importance  of  our  citj',  and  the  society  at  the  Hot- 
wells,  may  have  tempted  him  to  prolong  his  stay  for  a 
few  months — during  which  time  it  was  only  natural  he 
might  have  tried  most  of  the  organs  here,  as  in  that  day 
there  were  some  very  fine  instruments  in  the  Bristol 
churches.  But  however  this  may  be,  Bristol  can  claim 
the  honour  of  at  least  having  had  him  as  a  visitor." 

When,  may  I  ask,  did  the  great  musician 
honour  Bristol  with  a  visit  ?  Most  certainly  not 
when  he  was  proceeding  to  or  returning  from 
Dublin.  Nor,  as  far  as  we  have  any  evidence,  at 
any  other  time. 

Handel  witnessed  the  performance  in  London 
of  Galuppi's  pasticcio,  Alessandj-o  in  Persia,  on  the 
1st  of  October,  1741.  About  the  4th  of  Novem- 
ber, he  set  out  for  Ireland ;  but  being  detained 
by  contrary  winds  at  Parkgate,  did  not  arrive  in 
Dublin  until  the  18th  of  the  same  month.  He  re- 
mained in  Ireland  nearly  nine  months,  leaving  it 
on  the  13th  of  August,  1742.  On  the  9th  of  the 
following  September,  he  dates  a  letter  from  Lon- 
don to  his  friend  Charles  Jennens,  Esq.,  of  Gopsal 
Hall.  In  this  epistle  he  apologises  for  not  sta^'ing 
on  his  road  home  to  visit  Lord  Guernsey  at  Co- 
ventry, from  which  it  may  be  inferred  that  he 
was  anxious  to  arrive  in  London,  which  he  pro- 
bably reached  some  time  before  the  end  of  August ; 
at  any  rate  he  was  at  home,  and  writing  to  his 
friend  on  the  9th  of  September.  When,  then,  did 
Handel  visit  Bristol  ?         Edward  F.  Rimbault. 


"  BARATAEIANA." 

(2°3  S.  viii.  95.  139.) 

I  willingly  comply  with  the  request  of  Abhba, 
that  I  should  "  furnish  a  tolerably  accurate  key 
to  the  characters  which  figure  in  Baratai-iana." 

To  the  second  edition  of  the  book,  published  in 
1773,  there  is  appended  the  following  so-called 
"key";  but  the  difficulty  is  to  recognise,  at  this 
distance  of  time,  the  names  which  have  been  ini- 
tialed, and  to  supply  them. 

1.  Sancho  -        -    Lord  T d. 

2.  Goreannelli    -        -    Lord  A y. 

3.  Don  Francisco  An-"i 

drea  del  Bumpe-  >Rt.  Hon.  F s  A s. 

roso    -        -        -J 

*•  ^°l£'°'S'°  ^""-j  Sir  G e  M y. 

Rt.  Hon.  A y  U e. 

Rt.  Hon.  J— n  H y  H n. 

Rt.  Hon.  P p  T 1. 

L.  L s,  now  E.  of  E v. 

Rt.  Hon.  J— n  P y. 

R 1  H n,  Esa. 


carny 
5.  Don  Antonio 
().  Don  John  Alnagero 

7.  Don  Philip    - 

8.  Count  Loftonso 
y.  Don  John 

10.  Don  Helena  - 

11.  Donna  Dorothea  del) 

Monroso      -        -  J 

12.  Don  Godfredo  Lilly    G y  L 11,  Esq, 

13.  The     Duke     Fitz->  ^^  ,       .., 

royola         -        .j  Dike  of  G- 

14.  Cardinal  Lapidaro      The  late  Prim.  S e. 


Miss  M- 


-n. 


15.  The  Bishop  of  To-|  Dr.  J 1  B- 

ledo    -        -        -j      ofC k. 

16.  DonEdwardoSwan-"^  ^ 

zero    -        -        -J 

17.  DonAlexandroCun- ) 

ingambo  del  Twee-  >  Surgeon  C- 
dalero  -        -J 

18.  Donna  Lavinia       -    Lady  St.  L 

19.  Don  Ricardo  -        -    R d  P- 


Ifite  Bishop 


d  S n,  Esq. 


■r,  Esq. 


The  first  named  is,  of  course,  George  Viscount 
Townshend,  who  became  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ire- 
land October  14,  1767,  and  continued  in  the 
government  until  succeeded  by  Simon,  Earl  of 
Harcourt,  Nov.  30,  1772, 

2.  Lord  Annaly,  Lord  Chief  Justice  of  the 
King's  Bench  in  Ireland.  As  John  Gore  he  re- 
presented Jamestown  in  Parliament  for  several 
years;  d.  1783. 

3.  The  Right  Hon.  Francis  Andrews.  He  suc- 
ceeded Dr.  Baldwin  as  Provost  of  Trin.  Coll., 
Dublin,  in  1758.  Andrews  had  previously  repre- 
sented Dublin  in  Pai'liament ;  d.  1 774.* 

4.  Sir  George  Macartney,  Knight  f,  born  1737  ; 
Envoy  Extraordinary  to  the  Empress  of  Russia, 
1764,  and  Plenipotentiary  1767  ;  Knighted  Oc- 
tober, 1764.  Received  the  White  Eagle  from  the 
King  of  Poland,  1766.  In  July,  1768,  he  was 
elected  for  the  borough  of  Armagh.  In  1769  he 
became  Secretary  to  Lord  Townshend,  Viceroy 
of  Ireland.  In  1776  Sir  George  Macartney  was 
raised  to  the  Peerage.  In  1779  we  find  him  a 
prisoner  in  France,  and  subsequently  Governor 
of  Madras.  I  He  married  the  daughter  of  Lord 
Bute  :  hence  the  nickname  Buticarny. 

5.  The  Right  Hon.  Anthony  Mai  one.  For  up- 
wards of  half  a  century  an  ornament  to  the  Irish 
Bar  ;  d.  May  8,  1776.  For  a  long  account  of  him 
see  Hardy's  Life  of  Charlemont  (vol.  i.  pp.  133 — 
139.;  and  Taylor's  Hist,  of  the  Univer.  of  Dublin 
(pp.  395-6.);  and  Grattan's  Memoirs,  passim.  § 

6.  Right  Hon.  John  Hely  Hutchinson.  In  the 
Directory  of  the  day  he  is  styled  "  Prime  Serjeant 
and  Alnager  of  Ireland,  Kildare  St."  He  sub- 
sequently became  Secretary  of  State  and  Keeper 
of  the  Privy  Seal.  For  a  long  account  of  Hutch- 
inson, see  Hardy's  Chai-lemont  (i.  141.;  ii.  185.). 
Having  obtained  a  peerage  for  his  wife,  he  be- 
came ancestor  of  the  Lords  Donoughmore.||  The 
author  of  Sketches  of  Irish  Polit.  Char.  (Lond. 
1799)  observes  (p.  60.),  "  Lord  Townshend  said 
of  Hely  Hutchinson  that  if  his  Majesty  gave  him 

*  Taylor's  Inst,  of  the  Univer.  of  Dublin,  pp.  251-2.; 
Wilson's  Dublin  Diree.  (1770),  p.  41. 

t  Vide  "List  of  Privv  Councillors,"  Dublin  Direc. 
(1770),  p.  41. 

J  Archdall's  Lodge's  Peerage,  Dub.  1789,  vol.  vii.  pp.  90 
—92. 

§  In  Wilson's  Directory  for  1770,  Malone  is  styled 
"King's  1st  Counsel  at  Law,  Sackville  Street." 

jl  Burke's  Peei-age  (1848),  p.  315.  For  an  account  of 
his  regime  as  Provost  of  Trin.  Coll.  see  Taylor's  Hist,  of 
Univer.  Dublin,  p.  253. 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'i  S.  YIII.  Sept.  10.  '59, 


the  whoft  kingdoms  of  England  and  Ireland,  he 
would  beg  the  Isle  of  Man  for  a  cabbage  gar- 
den." 

7.  Eight  Hon.  Philip  Tisdall,  P.  C,  Attorney 
General.  He  represented  the  University  of  Dub- 
lin in  Parliament,  from  1739  until  his  death  in 
1777.  For  a  long  account  and  character  of  Tis- 
dall, see  Hardy's  Charlemont  (i.  152 — 156.).  In 
the  Directory  of  1770,  he  is  styled  "  Prin.  Secre. 
of  State,  and  Judge  of  the  Prerogative  Court, 
Leinster  Street." 

8.  The  Hon.  Henry  Loftus  succeeded  his  nephcAV 
Nicholas  as  4th  Viscount  Loftus  * ;  b.  11th  Nov. 
1709 ;  advanced  to  the  earldom  of  Ely,  5th  Dec. 
I771.t^ 

9.  Right  Hon.  John  Ponsonby,  son  of  Lord 
Bessborough,  Speaker  of  the  Irish  House  of 
Commons,  b.  1713;  d.  12  December,  1789.  He 
was  the  father  of  Chancellor,  and  of  Lord  Pon- 
sonby.J 

10.  "Robert  Hellen,  K.  C,  and  Counsel  to  the 
Commissioners,  Great  CufFe  Street ;  called  to  the 
Bar  Hilary  Term,  1755."  § 

11.  A  gentleman  who  has  long  been  intimately 
acquainted  with  Irish  pamphlets  of  the  last  cen- 
tury, tells  me  that  a  Miss  Munro  was  said  to  have 
been  mixed  up  with  some  of  the  political  intrigues 
which  characterised  the  Townshend  and  other  ad- 
ministrations. Another  party  informs  me  that 
"  Dolly  Munro "  is  traditionally  described  as  a 
woman  of  surpassing  beauty  and  powers  of  fas- 
cination. She  was  quite  a  Duchess  of  Gordon  in 
the  political  world  of  her  time. 

12.  »  Godfrey    Lill,   Esq.,    Solicitor   General, 

Merrion  Square,  M ,  1743."  ||     I  was  at  first 

disposed  to  consider  that  Godfrey  Luttrel  was  the 
name  indicated.  See  Lodge's  Peerage,  vol.  iii. 
399.  401,  402. 

13.  Augustus  Henry,  third  Duke  of  Grafton,  b. 
1735,  filled  the  offices  of  Secretary  of  State,  and 
First  Lord  of  the  Treasury  in  1765  and  1766, 
and  that  of  Lord  Privy  Seal  in  1771. 

14.  Primate  Stone.  George,  Archbishop  of 
Armagh,  alliteratively  sirnamed  the  Ambitious, 
promoted  1746.  He  was  the  great  political 
rival  of  Lord  Shannon.  Death  closed  the  eyes 
of  both  within  nine  days  of  each  other,  in  Dec. 
1764.1[ 


*  His  ancestor,  A.  Loft-House,  accompanied  Lord  Sus- 
sex to  Ireland.  Various  family  links  subsequently  united 
the  Loftuses  to  the  house  of  Townshend.  General  Loftus 
married,  1790,  Lady  E.  Townshend,  only  daughter  of 
Marquis  Townshend.  Her  daughter  Charlotte  married 
Lord  Vere  Townshend. 

t  Burke's  Peerage,  p.  371.  (1848.) 

X  Burke's  Peerage,  p.  93. ;  Hardy's  Charlemont,  i.  184. 
201.  293. 

§  Wilson's  Dublin  Directories. 

II  Ibid. 

1  DuhUn  Direc.  1769,  p.  42. ;  Hardy's  Charlemont,  vol. 
i.  passim. 


15.  Dr.  Jemmet  Browne,  consecrated  Bishop  of 
Cork,  1743;  promoted  to  Elphin,  1772.* 

16.  Edward  B.  Swan,  Esq.,  Surveyor- General 
of  the  Revenue.f  The  Swan  family  seem  to  have 
had  peculiar  claims  on  the  government.  In  the 
Castlereagh  Papers  there  is  a  letter  dated  Jan.  7, 
1801,  mentioning  that  Mr.  J.  Swan  has  been  forty 
years  in  the  revenue;  that  his  office  is  worth  900/. 
a  year,  and  that  he  had  claims  to  retire.  Was 
this  the  father  of  the  notorious  Major  Swan  who 
arrested  the  thirteen  delegates  of  the  United 
Irishmen  at  Oliver  Bond's  in  1798  (Plowden's 
Hist.  Ireland,  ii.  424.),  and  who  afterwards  as- 
sisted in  the  capture  of  Lord  Edward  Fitzgei-ald  ? 
{^Castlereagh  Correspondence,  vol.  i.  463.] 

17.  "  Surgeon  Alexander  Cunningham,  Eustace 
Street,"  figures  in  the  list  of  surgeons  at  p.  98.  of 
Wilson's  Dublin  Directory  for  1770. 

18.  Lady  St.  Leger,  R.  St.  Leger  (nephew  of 
Hughes  Viscount  Doneraile,  whose  title  became 
extinct  in  1767)  represented  Doneraile  from  1749 
to  1776,  when  his  majesty  pleased  to  create  him 
Baron  Doneraile  as  a  reward  for  parliamentary 
services.  He  married  Miss  Mary  Barry.  She  died 
March  3,  1778.J  Can  this  be  the  party  referred 
to? 

19.  Richard  Power,  K.  C.  [at  p. '265.  of  Bara- 
tariana,  "  Counsellor  Power  "  is  mentioned].  In 
The  Directory  of  1774,  we  find  him  styled  "Third 
Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  and  Usher  and  Accoun- 
tant-General  of  the  Court  of  Chancery,  Kildare 
Street,  Hilary,  1757."  Mr.  Daunt  in  his  Recol- 
lections of  O  Connell  (ii.  145.)  narrates  an  extra- 
ordinary anecdote  of  O'Connell's  in  reference  to 
Baron  Power,  who  having  failed  to  take  Lord 
Chancellor  Clare's  life  with  a  loaded  pistol,  walked 
to  Irishtown  to  commit  suicide  by  drowning.  It 
was  remarked  as  curious  that  in  walking  off  to 
drown  himself,  he  used  an  umbrella  as  the  day 
was  wet.  Baron  Power  was  a  convicted  pecu- 
lator.    Died  1793. 

The  letters  from  Philadelphus,  also  published  in 
Baraiariana,  repeatedly  mention  the  name  Pedro 
Pezzio.  Dr.  Charles  Lucas  (b.  1713;  d.  1771), 
is  the  party  alluded  to. 

William  John  Fitz-Patrick. 

Stillorgan,  Dublin. 


PETER   CUNNINGHAM. 

(P'S.  ix.  75.) 
Happening  a  few  days  since  to  look  into  Ni- 
chols's Illustrations  of  the  Literary  History  of  the 

*  Wilson'*  Dublin  Direc.  1774,  p.  52. 

t  Dublin  Direc.  YilA:  \_Com.  Eev."],  p.  73.  The  Viceroy 
at  p.  228.  of  Baratariana  is  made  to  speak  of  "  his  trustj' 
friends,  Swan  and  Waller."  In  the  Directory  for  1774, 
"George  Waller,  Clerk  of  the  Minutes  in  Excise,"  is 
mentioned. 

X  Archdall's  Lodge's  Peerage,  vol.  vi.  p.  123. 


2'"»  S.  VIII.  Sbpt.  10.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


213 


I8th  Century,  I  met  with  a  solution  of  a  Query 
which  I  made,  and  to  which,  since  its  appearance  in 
1854,  no  reply  has  been  inserted,  respecting  the 
gentleman  mentioned  above.  The  following  ex- 
tract is  from  vol.  vi.  pp.  47,  48.  of  the  Illustra- 
tions :  — 

"  The  Rev.  Peter  Cunningham. —  The  ensufcg  let- 
ters [not  those  mentioned  by  me  in  my  Queiy-]  were 
addressed  by  the  Rev.  Peter  Cunningham,  Curate  of 
Eyara,  near  the  Peak  in  Derbj'sbire,  to  the  Rector  of  that 
place,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Seward,  father  of  the  poetess.  I 
can  add  but  few  particulars  of  Mr.  Cunningham  to  those 
which  will  be  found  in  these  letters.  It  will  be  perceived 
by  them  that  he  was  the  son  of  a  naval  officer  (at  Deal), 
and,  adopting  the  clerical  profession  rather  from  his  own 
studious  predilections  than  from  his  father's  choice,  had 
no  University  education ;  but  having  been  under  the 
tuition  of  a  respectable  clergyman,  was  ordained  in  1772 
by  Archbishop  Drummond,  and  for  the  first  two  or  three 
years  after  was  Curate  of  Almondbury,  near  Huddersfield ; 
where  he  was  honoured  by  the  notice  of  the  Earl  of 
Dartmouth,  who  resided  at  Woodsome  Hall  in  that  popu- 
lous parish.  In  1775,  he  became  Mr.  Seward's  Curate  at 
Eyam  (celebrated  as  the  scene  of  Christian  heroism  dis- 
played bj'  the  Rev.  William  Mompesson  during  a  great 
plague  which  raged  there  in  1666),  and  soon  after  ad- 
dressed to  him  the  letters  now  printed.  How  long  he 
continued  at  Eyam  I  cannot  say ;  but  the  Eulogium  pro- 
nounced on  him  from  the  pulpit  by  Mr.  Seward,  and 
printed  hereafter,  seems  to  have  promised  a  long  con- 
nexion. It  is  surely  a  very  singular  document.  Mr. 
Cunningham's  name  does  not  occur  in  any  of  the  editions 
of  Living  Authors;  but  a  poem  entitled  Britannia's  Naval 
Trimnph  was  the  offspring  of  his  pen.  In  the  latter  years 
of  his  life  he  was  Curate  of  Chertsey,  in  Surrey ;  and  he 
died  there  at  his  apartments  in  that  town  in  July,  1805, 
having  been  a  few  minutes  before  suddenly  attacked  Avith 
illness  while  dining  with  the  Chertsey  Friendly  Society, 
to  which  he  had  been  in  the  habit  of  delivering  an  an- 
nual discourse." 

The  "Eulogium"  is  too  long  for  "N.  &  Q.;" 
but  a  more  beautiful  tribute  of  praise  to  the  cha- 
racter of  a  good  parish  clergyman,  in  the  person 
of  Mr.  Cunningham,  will  not  easily  be  found. 

The  writer  of  the  commendatory  note,  inserted 
in  the  MS.  volume  of  letters  mentioned  by  me, 
was  the  Rev.  Robert  Finch,  formerly  of  Balliol 
College,  who  died  about  the  year  1830. 

J.  Maceay. 


SKELETONS   WITH   WAX   HEADS   AT   CUM^. 

(2°"  S.  viii.  170.) 

I  have  very  much  pleasure  In  replying  to  your 
correspondent,  but  must  really  express  my  surprise 
that  any  respectable  English  archaeological  paper 
should  publish  such  an  idea.  In  Italy  everything 
dug  up  is  supposed  in  some  way  to  be  connected 
with  a  saint  or  a  martyr  that  has  any  trace  or 
emblem  that  can  be  so  construed ;  but  in  this 
case  there  was  no  mark,  nor  vestige  of  anything 
Christian  about  the  tomb  or  bodies  whatever. 
The  only  thing  that  existed  which  could  be  tor- 
tured into  such  a  supposition  was  that  a  small 


brass  coin  of  Diocletian  was  found  in  the  tomb. 
That  emperor  was  a  persecutor, — ergo,  they  were 
martyrs.  A  small  bottle  was  found  containing 
some  dark  dried-up  substance, — ergo,  that  was  the 
blood  collected  at  the  time  of  the  execution  by 
sorrowing  friends.  Now,  first  of  all,  it  seems  most 
improbable  that  the  Christians  should  place  a  coin 
of  their  murderer  along  with  the  bodies  of  the 
murdered.  In  fact,  the  very  existence  of  this 
coin  in  such  a  place  seemed  to  infer  that  it  was 
the  ordinary  naulus,  or  coin,  to  be  given  to 
Charon  as  the  passage-money  across  the  Styx, 
and  therefore  that  the  body  was  Pagan.  Again  ; 
how*  came  their  bodies  to  be  buried  in  a  Pagan 
cemetery  If  they  were  Christians  ?  We  know  the 
horror  they  had  of  interments  among  the  altar- 
sacrifices  and  other  rites  of  the  heathen.  At 
that  period  their  burials  were  almost  universally 
In  catacombs,  and  not  In  such  tombs  as  these. 
Again,  the  wax  heads  represented  the  persons  as 
living,  and  having  their  eyes  open  :  if  Christian 
martyrs,  surely  they  would  have  been  represented 
with  their  eyes  closed  in  the  sleep  of  death. 
Again,  near  the  female  skeleton  were  all  the  ob- 
jects of  the  lady's  toilette,  glass  scent  vases,  a 
coffer,  the  fan,  the  necklace,  hair-pins,  and  even 
a  mirror.  Surely  no  Christian  was  ever  interred 
surrounded  by  such  vanities  of  the  world,  though 
it  was  a  common  practice  with  the  heathen.  Be- 
sides this,  we  have  the  negative  evidence  of  the 
absence  of  any  token  either  of  Christianity  or  of 
martyrdom  ;  —  no  cross,  palm,  or  holy  lamb  ;  no 
emblem  of  Immortality,  nor  of  the  resurrection, 
in  any  shape  or  form,  was  found  on  or  about  the 
bodies. 

As  to  the  ink,  supposed  to  have  been  blood,  the 
analysis  was  made  by  the  celebrated  SIg.  Luigi 
del  Grosso.  Here  it  is  in  his  own  words,  as  given 
me  by  Professor  Minervini : — "  Gallato  e  tannato 
di  ferro  sospesi  nella  viscoslta  di  un'  allungata 
soluzione  di  gomma  arabica ;  con  nero  dl  fumo, 
che  ha  dovuto  sciogliersi  nell'  alcool."  This  may 
be  translated,  "  Gallate  and  tannate  of  iron  held 
in  suspension  by  a  weak  solution-  of  gum  arable ; 
with  wood  soot,  which  is  separable  in  alcohol." 
Professor  Guarini  discovered  traces  of  copper, 
which  might  be  due  to  the  bronze  vessel  in  which 
it  was  found.  He  did  not  find  the  gallic  acid, 
but  he  had  but  half  a  drachm  to  experiment  upon. 
In  other  respects  he  fully  agreed  with  Del  Grosso 
that  It  was  inl^gpot  blood. 

If  your  correspondent  wishes  to  refer  to  any 
i  published  authorities,  I  would  direct  him  to  the 
j  numbers  of  the  BuUetino  Archeologia  NapoUtano, 
1  1853  to  1855,  edited  by  Garucci  and  Minervini; 
I  the  Monumenti  Cumani,  by  Florelli,  Naples,  1853  ; 
\  and  Gli  Scheletri  Cerocefali  of  the  celebrated 
Quaranta,  also  published  at  Naples.  I  cannot, 
however,  refrain  from  again  expressing  my  sur- 
'  prise  that  an  English  archteologlst  should  adhere 


-214 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'J  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '55. 


still  to  so  gi'oundless  an  Idea,  especially  as  it  is 
now  abandoned  by  all  the  best  scholars  of  Italy. 
Will  M.  N.  S.]i"favour  me  with  the  name  of  the 
publication  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


PATRON    SAINTS. 

(2»«  S.  viii.  141.) 

Allow  me  to  add  to  your  correspondent's  list, 
"that  Portugal  also  owns  as  a  patron  saint  S.  An- 
tony, to  whom  will  be  found  addressed,  in  the 
Manual  de  Oracues,  Lisbon,  1826,  an  afFeeting 
prayer  which,  in  an  abridged  form,  is  here  trans- 
lated :  — 

"  Illustrious  Father  S.  Autony,  thou  wlio  li oldest  the 
infant  Jesus  in  thine  arms,  and  who  art  the  special  advo- 
cate of  things  lost,  —  now,  upon  this  day  which  Portugal 
dedicates  to  thine  honour,  pray  to  the  Lord  that,  by  his 
light  and  grace,  I  in&y  find  myself,  and  so  return,  a  lost 
sheep,  to  his  fold  and  flock.    Amen." 

With  regard  to  S.  George  of  England,  xnuch 
that  is  curious  stands  connected  with  the  claim  to 
this  illustrious  saint,  which  Is  preferred  by  the 
Portuguese.  On  their  grand  annual  festival, 
Corpo  de  Deos,  S.  George,  a  colossal  image,  richly 
attired,  bearing  a  formidable  lance,  decked  out 
■with  all  the  jewelry  which  the  nobility  of  Lisbon 
can  furnish  for  the  occasion,  and  mounted  on 
the  largest  and  noblest  charger  that  Lisbon  can 
supply,  passes  through  the  main  streets  of  the 
city  between  rows  of  kneeling  multitudes,  escorted 
by  priests,  soldiers,  and  grandees.  During  a  two 
years'  residence  In  Lisbon  Imposed  by  my  official 
duties,  1839-41,  I  took  some  pains  to  ascertain 
the  grounds  on  which  our  Portuguese  allies  claim 
an  interest  In  S.  George;  and  —  if  you  will  bear 
with  a  little  bit  of  foreign  folk-lore  —  the  result  of 
my  inquiries  was  this :  — 

The  claim  Is  a  consequence  of  our  ancient  al- 
liance. A  flotilla,  bearing  English  crusaders  on 
their  voyage  to  the  Holy  Land,  put  into  the 
Tagus  just  at  the  time  when  the  insurgent  Portu- 
guese, having  expelled  the  Moors  from  the  city  of 
Lisbon,  had  cooped  them  up  in  the  castle,  and, 
high  as  it  stands,  were  about  to  assault  it.  We, 
of  course,  quite  as  ready  to  fight  Lusitanian 
Moors  as  oriental  Saracens,  landed  forthwith, 
took  part  in  the  assault,  shouted  after  our  wont 
"  S.  George !  S.  George ! "  and  effectually  aided 
in  the  capture  of  the  castle.  The  Portuguese 
heard  our  shouts,  and  drew  the  inference,  not  only 
that  the  English  saint  was  a  valuable  aid  In  his 
proper  line  as  advocate,  but  that  he  himself,  S. 
George,  was  actually  In  our  midst,  and,  as  our 
Captain,  had  led  us  on  to  the  assault.  Hence  the 
distinguished  honours  which  he  now  receives  in 
Portugal.  The  report  at  Lisbon  is,  that  S.  George, 
to  keep  up  the  remembrance  of  his  prowess,  has 
since  killed  a  man.    That  is,  on  one  of  those  an- 


nual occasions  when  he  is  borne  in  procession 
through  the  streets,  his  lance  slipped  from  his 
hand,  came  down  with  a  run,  and  wounded  an 
unfortunate  and  kneeling  spectator,  who  died  from 
the  injury.  I  ventured  to  call  this  "a  sad  acci- 
dent.''' But  my  Portuguese  informant  who  nar- 
rated the  occurrence  gravely  replied,  "  Elle  o  tern 
feito"  (He  didit!) 

Another  morsel  of  Peninsular  folk  lore.  A  poor 
wayfaring  man  knocked  late  one  night  at  the  door 
of  a  certain  Lisbon  convent,  and  was  refused  ad- 
mittance. He  then  dragged  his  weary  steps  to 
another  convent,  where  he  was  hospitably  re- 
ceived, fed,  and  lodged  for  the  night.  Next 
morning  the  pious  Inmates  of  the  convent  made  it 
their  first  concern  to  give  the  poor  man  an  early 
meal ;  but  he  was  nowhere  to  be  found !  The 
gates  of  the  convent,  closed  at  night,  were  not  yet 
unbarred  ;  he  had  mysteriously  disappeared  ! 
They  then,  as  usual,  assembled  In  chapel  for 
their  morning  oi-Isons.  But  there,  lo  !  a  new  ob- 
ject met  their  eyes.  In  the  chapel  they  found 
awaiting  them,  brought  there  no  one  knew  how, 
that  noble  image  of  S.  George  which  is  now  borne 
annually  through  the  streets  of  Lisbon.  Doubt- 
less it  was  the  gift  of  the  pilgrim  they  had  lodged ! 
And  doubtless  that  pilgrim  was  no  other  than 
S.  George  himself!  The  same  legend,  however, 
is  told  of  other  images. 

To  your  correspondent's  list  of  patron  saints 
who  preside  over  "  general  matters,"  I  beg  leave 
to  add  my  particular  favourite  Sta.  Eufemia,  who 
is  firstrate  for  all  affections  of  the  sight  and  eyes. 
She  has  a  "  house"  near  Cintra,  and  also  a  foun- 
tain to  which  my  own  eyes  were  much  indebted. 
On  diverging  from  the  road  you  have  to  pass 
over  bare  rocks,  where  your  path  to  the  spring 
can  be  traced  only  like  an  Indian  trail,  by  the 
fragments  of  pitchers  broken  by  those  who  go 
stumbling  along  over  the  uneven  ground,  to  fetch 
the  healing  water  on  Sta.  Eufemia's  day. 

The  Portuguese  are  exceedingly  perplexed  by 
our  introducing  a  certain  saint,  to  them  unknown. 
Our  sailors  have  Anglicised  the  name  of  Setiibal, 
and  call  it  S.  Ubes  !  No  wonder  at  the  change : 
for  in  our  nautical  geography,  Coruila  is  "  the 
Groin ;"  the  Cachopos,  a  dangerous  ledge  of  rocks 
at  the  mouth  of  the  Tagus,  are  "  the  Catchups;" 
and  the  Ilheo,  a  small  island  off  Funchal,  is  "  the 
Loo  Island."  When  we  speak  of  S.  Ubes,  the 
natives  earnestly  ask  :  "  What  saint  Is  that  ?  Who 
is  S.  Ubes  ?  We  have  no  such  saint  in  our  calen- 
dario."  Thomas  Boys. 


It  seems  that  the  work  entitled  Emblems  of 
Saints,  published  by  Burns  &  Lambert  in  1850, 
has  not  yet  found  its  way  to  Hong  Kong ;  or  at 
least,  that  W.  T.  M.  has  never  seen  it.  That 
work  contains  a  very  copious  list  of  patron  saints  : 
first  of  arts,  trades,  and  professions  ;  and  secondly 


2°«»  S.  VIIL,  Skpt.  10.  '53.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


215 


of  countries  and  cities.  These  lists  include  all 
those  given  by  this  correspondent,  with  a  few 
variations,  and  a  great  many  others.  Copious, 
however,  as  they  are,  they  will  be  very  considera- 
bly augmented  in  the  new  edition  which  will 
shortly  appear.  This  will  also  contain  a  very 
large  number  of  additional  saints  and  emblems. 

F.  C.  H. 


ABIGAIL   HILL. 


(2"'J  S.  viii.  9.  57.  155.) 

Your  correspondent  Ithuriel  gives  no  new 
light  on  "  the  connection  between  Abigail  Hill 
and  the  Harley  family."  It  has  been  always 
known  that  Lady  Masham  stood  in  exactly  the 
same  degree  of  relationship  to  Lord  Treasurer 
Harley  and  to  Sarah,  Duchess  of  Marlborough, 
viz.  that  of  first  cousin  once  removed.  The 
cousinship  to  Sarah  Jennings  is  traceable  enough ; 
but  I  find  no  trace  whatever  how  a  similar  re- 
lationship had  arisen  with  Harley.  Probably  the 
record  is  preserved  in  the  Hoare  family,  who,  as 
far  as  I  am  aware,  are  the  sole  descendants  of 
Lord  and  Lady  Masham. 

The  Conduct  of  the  Duchess  of  Marlborough, 
written  (professedly)  by  herself,  must  be  pretty 
notorious  to  most  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  as  a  work 
in  which  she  vents  her  rancour  oa  persons  and 
things  in  general,  and  particularly  on  Lady 
Masham  and  all  belonging  to  her.  As  Ithuriel, 
however,  quotes  from  it  as  from  ^  text-book,  it 
is  only  fair,  and  accordant  with  your  invariable 
impartiality,  to  admit,  on  the  other  hand,  a  few 
testimonies  illustrating  the  character  of  the  work 
and  its  noble  authoress  :  — 

"  For  above  twenty  years  she  possessed  without  a  rival 
the  favour  of  the  most  indulgent  mistress  in  the  world, 
nor  ever  missed  one  single  opportunity  that  fell  in  her 
way,  of  improving  it  to  her  own  advantage.  She  pre- 
served a  tolerable  court  reputation  with  respect  to  love 
and  gallantrj' ;  but  three  furies  reigned  in  her  breast,  the 
most  mortal  enemies  to  all  softer  passions,  which  were 
sordid  avarice,  disdainful  pride,  and  ungovernable  rage. 
By  the  last  of  these,  often  breaking  out  in  sallies  of  the 
most  unpardonable  sort,  she  had  long  alienated  her  sove- 
reign's mind,  before  it  appeared  to  the  world.  This  lady 
is  not  without  some  degree  of  wit,  and  has  in  her  time 
affected  the  character  of  it,  by  the  usual  method  of  argu- 
ing against  religion,  and  proving  the  doctrines  of  Chris- 
tianity to  be  impossible  and  absurd.  Imagine  what  such 
a  spirit,  irritated  by  the  loss  of  power,  favour,  and  em- 
ployment, is  capable  of  acting  or  attempting;  and  then 
I  have  said  enough." — Four  Last  Years  of  the  Queen; 
Scott's  ed.  of  Swift,  v.  27. 

Miss  Strickland  writes  (^Queens  of  England,  viii. 
104.:)  — 

"  Lady  Marlborough's  arrogance  had  become  absolutely 
maniacal." 

"Thwarted  ambition,  great  wealth,  and  increasing 
years  (said  Lord  Haile)  rendered  the  Duchess  of  Marl- 
borough more  and  more  peevish.  She  hated  courts  over 
which  she  had  no  influence,  and  she  became  at  length 


the  most  ferocious  animal  that  is  suffered  to  go_  loose, — a 
violent  party-woman." 

Dr.  Warton  (Essay  on  Pope,  vol.  ii.  200.)  re- 
lates that,  in  the  last  illness  of  the  Duke,  the 
Duchess,  disliking  the  advice  of  his  physician,  fol- 
lowed him  down  stairs,  swore  at  him  bitterly,  and 
was  going  to  tear  off  his  periwig. 

The  above  may  appear  sufficient,  but,  in  truth, 
no  pen  could  fully  paint  the  Duchess  but  her  own. 
Pope's  "great  Atossa" showed  "the  ruling  passion 
strong  in  death,"  and,  by  her  own  account,  de- 
parted this  life  in  perfect  hatred  to  all  the  world. 
Almost  the  last  lines  which  she  penned  are  the 
following  (1737):  — 

"  It  is  impossible  one  of  my  age  and  infirmities  can  live 
long;  and  one  great  happiness  of  death  is,  that  one  shall 
never  hear  any  more  of  anything  they  do  in  this  world." 

Lector  Westmonasteriensis, 


COCK   AND    BULL   STORIES. 

(1"  S.  iv.  312. ;  V.  414. ;  vi.  14G.) 

One  correspondent  refers  the  origin  of  this 
phrase  to  the  tale  of  "  the  painter  who  drew  a 
misshapen  cock  upon  a  signboard,  and  wrote 
under  it,  '  This  is  a  Bull.' "  (vi.  146.)  Your 
readers  will  probably  consign  such  an  etymo- 
logy to  the  same  limbo  as  that  in  which-  is  shut 
up  the  explanation  of  the  word  Cochney,  from  the- 
story  of  the  Londoner  and  the  neighing  cock.  In 
vol.  V.  414.  we  are  reminded  of  Dr.  G.  S.  Faber's 
ipse  dixit,  that  the  correct  form  of  the  phrase  is 
"  Cock-on-a-bell  stories,"  as  referring  to  "  the  fa- 
bulous narratives  of  Popery."  But  Dr.  Maitlancl 
has  shown  in  the  same  volume,  p.  447.,  that  this 
learned  controversialist  has  misquoted  Reinerius, 
whom  he  adduces  as  his  authority  for  the  asser- 
tion that  "  Gallus- super-  Campanam  was  the  ec- 
clesiastical hieroglyphic  for  a  Bomish  priest ; "" 
inasmuch  as  what  Reinerius  really  does  say  is, 
"  Gallus  super  campanile  significat  Doctorem,"  a 
simple  and  intelligible  statement  of  a  fact  well 
known  to  the  merest  dabbler  in  ecclesiology,  and 
having  nothing  on  earth  to  do  with  either  bulls  or 
bells. 

I  can  see  little  or  no  difficulty  in  the  phrase. 
Is  it  not  drawn  from  the  old-fashioned  fables,  in 
which  cocks  and  bulls,  et  hoc  genus  omne,  are 
made  to  talk  with  human  voices  ?  Monstrum  hor- 
7'endum!  Two  quotations  immediately  occur  to 
me,  which  seem  to  show  that  the  phrase  has  at 
least  been  commonly  so  understood.  Mat.  Prior 
thus  closes  his  "  Riddle — On  Beauty  :" — 

"  For  this  I  willingly  decline 
The  mirth  offcasts,  and  joys  of  wine ; 
And  choose  to  sit  and  talk  with  thee, 
(As  thy  great  orders  jnay  decree,) 
Of  cocks  and  bulls,  and  flutes  and  fiddles. 
Of  idle  tales,  and  foolish  riddles." 


216 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'»'J  S,  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '59. 


And  Cowper  thus  commences  his  Fable,  "Pair- 
ing Time  anticipated  : " —  . 

"  I  shall  not  ask  Jean  Jaques  Rousseau 
If  birds  confabulate  or  no ; 
'Tis  clear,  that  they  were  alwaj's  able 
To  hold  discourse,  at  least  in  fable; 
And  even  the  child  who  knows  no  better 
Than  to  interpret,  by  the  letter, 
A  story  of  a  cock  and  bull. 
Must  have  a  most  uncommon  skull." 

The  allusion  in  the  first  line  is,  of  course,  to 
Rousseau's  absurd  crotchet,  that  children  ought 
not  to  read  fables  in  which  "  cocks  and  bulls  "  are 
made  to  speak,  lest  they  should  learn  deception. 

Qu.  How  far  back  does  the  use  of  the  phrase 
go? 

I  see  by  the  "  London  Antiquary's  "  new  Dic- 
tionary of  Modern  Slang,  &c.,  that  the  term  cocks 
is  applied  to  the  "  fictitious  narratives,  in  verse  or 
prose,  of  murders,  fires,  and  terrible  accidents, 
sold  in  the  streets  as  true  accounts."  He  adds, 
"possibly  a  corruption  of  cook,  a  cooked  state- 
ment." I  would  rather  suggest,  "a  contraction, 
for  cock-and-bull  stories."  Ache. 


d&t^XitS  t0  :^iitnr  Cutties. 

Dr.  Donne  s  Seal  (2"''  S.  viii.  1 70.)  —  In  reply 
to  this  Query,  I  extract  the  following  from  a 
letter  I  received  from  Dr.  Bliss :  — 

"  Oct.  1841. 

"  I  send  you  an  impression  from  my  seal,  which 
is  not  original,  but  a  fac-simile  from  an  original 
in  the  hands  of  Mr.  Domeville  Wheeler  of  Bad- 
ham. 

"I  have  seen  two  undoubted  Donne  seals  ;  one 
in  the  hands  of  a  boy  at  school  with  me  forty- 
five  years  ago,  and  of  which,  boy  as  I  was,  I  then 
sent  an  account  to  the  Gent's  Mag. ;  and  this  of 
Mr.  Wheeler's.  The  former,  I  fear,  is  lost.  You 
will  see  a  print  of  a  third  in  Pickering's  '  Life  of 
Walton,'  prefixed  to  his  magnificent  edition  of 
The  Angler. 

"  In  great  haste,  truly  yours, 

"  Philip  Bliss." 

From  the  impression  above  alluded  to,  Tassie, 
of  Leicester  Square,  made  me  a  glass  seal,  with 
which  I  fasten  this  letter.  No  doubt  he  has  the 
matrix  of  that;  and  Mr.  Smith,  of  42,  Eathbone 
Place,  has  cut  a  die  for  envelope  seals. 

On  receipt  of  postage  stamps,  I  shall  be  happy 
to  send  an  impression  to  any  readers  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  H.  T.  Ellacombe. 

Rectory,  Clyst  St.  George. 

Ralph  Bokehy,  Sfc.  (2"*  S.  viii.  89.)  —  Mr.  In- 
GLEDEw  will  find  ample  information  on  the  points 
about  which  he  inquires  in  Burke's  Extinct  Ba- 
ronetage. Ralph  Rokeby  of  Mortham  and  Rokeby 
married  Margery,  eldest  daughter  and  coheir  of 


Robert  Danby  of  Yafibrd,  by  a  daughter  of  Sir 
Richard  Conyers,  Knight.  Her  will  and  the  in- 
ventory of  her  eldest  son  Thomas  Rokeby  are  to 
be  found  in  vol.  xxvi.  of  the  Surtees  Society's 
publications.  The  present  representative  of  the 
family  is  the  Rev.  H.R.  Rokeby,  rector  of  Arthing- 
worth,  Northants.  C.  J.  Robinson. 

Sevenoaks,  Kent. 

Ci-omweWs  Knights  (2°*  S.  viii.  31.)  —  Thomas 
Dickeson,  mentioned  in  the  list  given  by  L.  H., 
appears  to  be  the  same  with  Thomas  Dickinson, 
merchant  of  York,  who  was  twice  Lord  Mayor, 
and  also  represented  the  city  in  parliament.  He 
is  described  as  "  a  mighty  man  against  his  royal 
master."  —  Vide  Fabric  Rolls  of  York  Minster,  p. 
331.  n.  E.  H.  A. 

Ring  Posies  (2°'^  S.  vii.  251.)  — The  following 
are  given  from  wills  of  the  seventeenth  century  in 
the  glossary  appended  to  Fabric  Rolls  of  York  Min- 
ster, recently  edited  for  the  Surtees  Society  by 
the  Rev.  James  Raine,  p.  350.^  — 

"  Nosce  teipsum." 

"  Think  on  mee." 

"  Desire  and  deserve." 

"  Keepe  faith  till  death." 

"  As  God  hath  appointed." 

"  Soe  I  am  contented." 

E.  H.  A. 
John  de  Witt  (2°*  S.  i.  98.)  —I  have  in  my  pos- 
session an  autograph  of  John  de  Witt's  appended 
to  an  official  letter,  and  having  recently  seen  some 
queries  in  th»  first  volume  of  the  present  series 
relating  to  the  proper  way  of  spelling  his  name, 
perhaps  I  may  be  excused  for  again  noticing  this 
subject. 

I  believe  autographs  of  John  de  Witt  are  not 
often  met  witli.  Me.  Hendricks  states  (2"*  S.  i. 
98.)  that  he  has  only  seen  one,  although  he  subse- 
quently came  across  a  lithographed  letter :  in  both, 
however,  the  name  was  spelt  differently,  —  in  the 
Latin  with  one  t,  in  the  Dutch  with  two.  The  evi- 
dence being  thus  equally  balanced,  I  take  the 
liberty  of  coming  forward,  and  claiming  a  verdict 
for  the  double  t,  it  being  so  spelt  in  my  letter; 
thus  —  "  Johan  de  Witt,  1657." 

This  letter  is  written  in  Dutch,  on  folio  paper, 
and  contains  about  twenty-two  lines  very  closely 
written ;  and,  being  in  Dutch,  I  am  desirous  of 
having  it  translated.  Will  any  lover  of  these 
matters,  through  the  medium  of  "N.  &  Q.,"  kindly 
undertake  it  for  me  ?  W.  O.  W. 

Scarborough. 

Ballad:  Elland  or  Eland  (2'>'»  S.  viii.  169.)  — 
In  reply  to  your  correspondent's  inquiry,  I  beg  to 
refer  him  to  the  5th  vol.  of  Allen's  Histo7-y  of  the 
County  of  York,  p.  398.  to  400.,  where  he  will  find 
a  narrative  of  this  feud  between  the  Elands  and 
the  Beaumonts.  John  Nurse  Chad  wick. 

King's  Lynn. 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


217 


Shooting  Soldiers:  Oak  Leaves  (2""*  S.  viii.  156.) 
—  As  punishments  for  wearing  oak-leaves  cannot 
have  been  inflicted  within  living  memory,  I  crave 
reference  to  the  books  in  which  they  are  recorded. 
Were  the  soldiers  tried  by  a  court-martial  on  the 
specific  charge  of  '■  showing  an  oak-leaf  in  their 
fingers  ?  "  As  to  civilians,  wearing  oak-leaves  is 
not  an  offence  at  common-law,  so  the  infliction  of 
*'  imprisonment,  whipping,  and  fine "  could  be 
legal  only  by  statute.  Was  there  any  such  sta- 
tute ?  I  think  not.  I  am  here  without  any  means 
of  reference  except  my  Prayer-book,  in  which  I 
find  the  service  for  the  29th  May  as  appointed  by 
the  Act  12  &  13  Car.  II.,  and  which  was  in  full 
force  till  the  last  session. 

I  wish  to  investigate  these  cases.  We  know 
that  sometimes  people  are  convicted  of  one  offence 
and  punished  for  another.  Probert  was  found 
guilty  of  stealing  a  horse,  and  hanged  for  killing 
Weare;  and  I  have  seen  at  Quarter  Sessions  very 
severe  sentences  for  very  small  larcenies,  when 
the  convicts  were  suspected  as  poachers  ;  but  the 
only  case  which  has  fallen  within  my  reading  of  a 
civilian  punished  for  wearing  the  Jacobite  symbol 
is  that  of  Amos  Turner,  mentioned  in  The  Me- 
moirs of  P.  P.  as. "a  worthy  person,  rightly  es- 
teemed for  his  sufferings,  in  that  he  had  beeft 
honoured  with  the  stocks  for  wearing  an  oaken 

bough."  FiTZHOPKINS. 

Amiens. 

James  Anderson  (2°'^  S.  viii.  169.)  —  Your  cor- 
respondent 2.  0.  will  find  some  notices  of  James 
Anderson  in  Mr.  Maidment's  Analecta  Scotica. 
But  I  think  every  particular  may  be  gleaned  from 
Anderson's  own  letters  preserved  in  the  Advo- 
cates' Library  in  Edinburgh.  Many  of  these  were 
addressed  to  Sir  Richard  Steele,  who  was  Ander- 
son's tenant  while  acting  as  commissioner  for  for- 
feited estates  in  that  city.  W.  H.  W. 

Mowhray  Coheirs  (P'  S.  i.  213.)  —  Collins,  in 
his  Peerage  of  England  {qA.  1812,  vol.  i.  p.  18., 
art.  Howard  Duke  of  Norfolk),  says  that  the 
great  partition  of  the  Mowbray  estates  between 
Berkeley  and  Howard  as  coheirs  of  Thomas,  last 
duke  of  that  name,  took  place  in  the  15th  Hen. 
VII.,  and  refers  to  the  Communia  Roll  of  Easter 
Term  in  that  year.  No.  1.  (C.  P.),  leading  to  the 
inference  that  the  partition-deed  would  be  found 
there  enrolled.  A  querist  (G.)  in  the  first  vol.  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  inquired  for  the  partition,  which  was 
not  found  upon  a  casual  inspection  of  the  roll  re- 
ferred to.  A  recent  examination  of  the  whole  rolls 
of  that  term  induces  the  conclusion  that  Collins  was 
mistaken  as  to  the  matter,  as  the  only  entry  referring 
to  Berkeley  among  the  deeds  (towards  the  end  of 
the  roll)  is  a  grant  and  confirmation,  dated  20th 
August,  13th  Hen.  VII.  (1498),  from  Wm.  Denys, 
son  and  heir  of  Sir  Walter  Denys,  Knight,  of  the 
half  of  the  manor  of  Auste,  witii  lands,  &c.  in  the 


county  of  Gloucester,  and  half  the  manor  of  Lit- 
ton, with  the  patronage  of  the  church  of  Litton, 
and  the  manor  of  Northberyton,  and  patronage  of 
the  free  chapel  there,  and  all  lands,  &c.  to  Mau- 
rice Berkeley,  Thomas  Berkeley,  Robert  Green  of 
Coventry,  and  Thos.  Trye. 

The  recent  search  was  made  in  reference  to  the 
manor  of  Bosham  in  Sussex,  jvhich  has  remained 
in  the  Berkeleys  to  this  day,  and  the  result  may 
save  future  genealogists  from  repeating  the  refer- 
ence of  Collins,  which  is  erroneous  in  relation  to 
the  partition  of  the  Mowbray  estates.      W.  D.  C. 

Thomas  Talbot  (2"^  S.  viii.  148.)  —  I  find  in  my 
manuscript  collections  on  this  name,  a  Thomas 
Talbot  set  down  at  1630  in  Wood's  Athence  Oxoni- 
enses,  vol.  ii.  p.  108. ;  and  a  farther  notice  of  him, 
as  at  Paris  in  1635,  occurs  in  the  same  work,  vol. 
iii.  p.  1224.  A  reference  to  this  work,  which  I 
have  not  at  present  near  me,  will  be  lilcely  to  sa- 
tisfy R.  W.'s  query. 

A  correspondent  of  this  useful  periodical  has 
accused  me  (2""*  S.  viii.  9.)  of  anticipating  James 
I.  in  my  Illustrations  of  James  the  Second's  Irish 
Army  List  by  a  creation  of  (I  believe  he  said) 
sundry  baronets.  As  a  new  enlarged  edition  of 
these  Illustrations  is  going  to  press,  I  should  feel 
particularly  obliged  by  a  communication  of  ray 
infringements  on  the  prerogative  of  royalty,  to 
enable  me  to  correct,  in  my  forthcoming  volumes, 
errors  of  which  I  am  as  yet  unconscious. 

John  D'Alton. 

Dublin,  48.  Summer  Hill. 

Hypatia  and  St.  Catherine  (2'"^  S.  viii.  148.)  — 
There  are  no  grounds  whatever  for  the  statement 
referred  to  by  K.  P,  D.  E.  St.  Catherine  had 
flourished  and  suffered  martyrdom  more  than  a 
century  before  the  time  of  the  learned  lady  Hy- 
patia. Nor  is  it  just  to  call  her  murder  a  "  foul 
blot  on  the  name  of  St.  Cyril."  The  venerable 
hagiographer,  Alban  Butler,  assures  us  that  it  was 
the  act  of  an  incensed  mob,  to  the  great  grief  and 
scandal  of  all  good  men,  especially  of  the  pious 
bishop."     And  he  adds  this  judicious  note  :  — 

"It  is  very  unjust  in  some  moderns  to  charge  him  (St. 
Cyril)  as  conscious  of  so  horrible  a  crime,  which  shocks 
human  nature.  Great  persons  are  never  to  be  condemned 
without  proofs  which  amount  to  conviction.  The  silence 
of  Orestes,  and  the  historian  Socrates,  both  his  declared 
enemies,  suflSces  to  acquit  him." 

F.  C.  H. 

Torture  (2°"^  S.  viii.  176.) —  Mr.  Carrington  is 
strictly  correct  in  saying  that  "  in  Scotland  torture 
was  allowed  by  law  until  its  abolition  at  the  Union 
in  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne,"  but  it  is  worthy  of  no- 
tice that  in  the  Claim  of  Rights  made  in  1689  by  the 
Scottish  Estates  of  Parliament,  it  is  asserted  "that 
the  using  of  torture  without  evidence,  or  in  oi'dinary 
crimes,  is  contrary  to  law."  This  is  cautiously 
expressed,  and  that  it  did  not  imply  a  protest  for 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '59. 


the  total  abolition  of  torture,  is  supported  by  the 
fact  that  only  ten  days  previous  to  the  date  of  the 
Claim,  the  same  Estates  granted  warrant  to  the 
magistrates  of  Edinburgh  to  torture  John  Chislie 
of  Dairy,  the  murderer  of  Lord  President  Lock- 
hart.  See  Arnot's  Criminal  Trials,  p.  169.,  8vo. 
edition,  1812.  G. 

Edinburgh. 

John  Evelyn  (2"*  S.  vili.  46.  98.)  — I  think 
Messrs.  Cooper  must  be  wrong  in  identifying 
John  Evelyn,  born  August  11,  1601,  with  J.  E. 
of  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge,  who  graduated 
B.A.  in  1618-19.  It  is  hardly  likely  that  a  de- 
gree could  have  been  taken  at  so  early  an  age  as 
seventeen.  Perhaps  some  correspondent  may  be 
able  to  supply  the  date  of  Sir  John  Evelyn's 
birth,  who  was  M.P.  for  Blechingly,  and  died  in 
1643.  C.  J.  Robinson. 

The  Rev.  John  Rob.  Scott,  D.D.  (2"''  S.  viii. 
190.)  — Your  correspondent  <I>  alludes  to  the 
above  gentleman,  and  designating  him  of  Trinity 
College,  Dublin,  attributes  to  him  A  Review  of 
the  Principal  Characters  of  the  Irish  House  of 
Commons,  under  the  pseiidonyme  of  "  Falkland," 
published  in  1789.  1  have  succeeded  in  obtain- 
ing the  perusal  of  that  work,  which  contains 
descriptions  of  between  seventy  and  eighty  dis- 
tinguished orators  and  statesmen,  forming  quite  a 
galaxy  of  senatorial  excellence.  Henry  Grattan, 
Curran,  Wm.  Brownlow,  the  Beresfords,  &c.  &c. 
are  portrayed  in  language  as  elegant  and  as  elo- 
quent as  those  grand  and  original  models  could 
in  the  luxuriance  of  imagination  have  adopted.  I 
trust  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will,  for  the 
honour  of  Ireland,  favour  us  with  sonie  memoir 
of  this  illustrious  author.  2.  2. 

Bonaventures  Works  (2""*  S.  viii.  128.  178.)  — 
A  complete  list  will  be  found  in  Darling's  Cyclo- 
padia  Bihliographica   (Authors),   article   Bona- 

VENTURE.  D.  (1.) 

''Rire  jaune"  (2"^  S.  vii.  172.)— The  following 
passage  may  be  added  to  the  illustrations  of  this 
phrase  given  in  a  previous  volume :  — 

"  Rire  jaune  comme  safran,  se  dit  par  antiphrase  pour 
signifier  qu'on  n'a  gufere  envie  de  rire."  —  Diet.  Comiqiie, 
in  Safran. 

The  origin  of  the  Greek  phrase,  aap56vios  yeKcms, 
which  likewise  denotes  a  forced  laugh,  is  equally 
obscure.  See  the  curious  collection  of  etymolo- 
gical legends  invented  for  the  explanation  of  this 
phrase  in  Zenob.  v.  85.,  with  the  note  In  the  Got- 
tingen  edition.  L. 

Sir  Peter  Gleane  (2"^  S.  viii.  187.)  — Sir  Peter 

Gleane  was  an  eminent  Norwich  merchant.     He 

'  married  Maud,  daughter  of  Robt.  Suckling,  Esq., 

■  of  Norwich,  and  was  father  of  Thomas  Gleane, 

''        and  grandfather  of  Peter  Gleane,  M.P.  for  Nor- 


wich, who  was  created  a  baronet  March  6,  1665-6. 
(See  Burke's  Extinct  Baronetage.') 

C.  J.  Robinson. 
Captain  Cobb  (2""  S.  viii.  169.)  —  When  I  was 
in  the  31st  Regiment  quartered  at  Walmer  in 
1847,  I  remember  Capt.  Cobb  of  the  "Kent"  com- 
ing over  to  see  us.  He  is  a  smart  little  man,  and 
was  at  that  time  living  at  Dover. 

W.  Robertson,  Lt.-Col. 

CromioelVs  Head  (2'"^  S.  vi.  495.,  &c.)  —  Cyrus 
Redding,  in  his  Fiftj  Years'  Recollections,  speaks 
of  having  seen  this  head  in  the  possession  of  a  me- 
dical gentleman  to  whom  he  was  given  a  letter  of 
introduction  by  Horace  Smith.  After  relating 
the  usual  story  of  its  having  been  placed  over  the 
entrance  of  Westminster  Hall,  blown  down  by  the 
wind  on  a  stormy  niglif,  and  picked  up  by  the 
sentry  on  duty,  who  had  "  a  natural  respect  for 
an  heroic  soldier,  no  matter  of  what  party,"  and 
probably  slightly  interested  views  of  his  own  ;  he. 
goes  on  to  tell  us  that  the  soldier  "  carried  it  to 
the  Russells,  who  were  the  nearest  relations  of 
Cromwell's  family,  and  disposed  of  it  to  them. 
It  belonged  to  a  lady,  a  descendant  of  the  Crom- 
wells,  who  did  not  like  to  keep  it  in  her  house. 
There  was  a  written  minute  ektant  with  It.  The 
disappearance  of  the  liead  Is  mentioned  in  some 
of  the  publications  of  the  time.  It  had  been 
carefully  embalmed,  as  Cromwell's  body  Is  known 
to  have  been  two  yeiirS  before  Its  disinterment. 
The  nostrils  were  filled  with  a  substance  like 
cotton.  The  brain  had  been  extracted  by  di- 
viding the  scalp.  The  membranes  within  were 
perfect,  but  dried  up,  and  looked  like  parchment. 
The  decapitation  had  evidently  taken  place  after 
death,  as  the  state  of  the  flesh  over  the  vertebra 
of  the  neck  plainly  showed.  It  was  hacked,  and 
had  evidently  been  done  by  a  hand  not  used  to 
the  work,  for  there  were  several  cuts  besides  that 
which  separated  the  bone.  The  beard,  of  a  ches- 
nut  colour,  seemed  to  have  grown  after  death. 
An  ashen  pole,  pointed  with  iron,  had  received 
the  head  clumsily  impaled  on  its  point,  which 
came  out  an  inch  above  the  crown,  rusty  and 
timeworn.  The  wood  of  the  staff,  and  the  skin 
itself,  had  been  perforated  by  the  common  wood 
worm." 

The  subject  having  been  so  often  mentioned  in 
"  N.  &  C^.,"  we  may  hope  that  Mr.  Wilkinson's 
attention  will  be  at  last  directed  to  the  various 
articles,  and  that  he  will  come  forward  and  tell 
us  what  he  knows  about  it.  Vebna. 

Tricolor  Cockade  (2'"-  S.  viii.  192.)— It  appears 
certain  that  the  French  lovolutlonists  adopted  at 
first  a  green  cockade ;  but  I  have  read,  and  the 
account  seems  consistei>.t  and  most  probable,  that 
this  was  quickly  discarc'ed,  from  the  recollection 
that  it  was  the  livery  of  the  Count  d'Artois.  In 
adopting  a  few  days  after  a  cockade  of  blue,  red. 


2"d  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


and  white,  it  seems  most  likely  that  they  chose 
the  arms  of  the  infumous  Duke  of  Orleans,  but 
shorn  of  the  fleurs-de-lys.  I  may  here  mention 
that  I  possess  one  of  the  original  tricolor  cockades, 
worn  by  a  near  relative  in  Paris  in  the  Champ  de 
Mars,  July  14, 1790.  It  has  an  engraving  in  blue, 
on  silk,  in  the  centre,  representing  an  angel  writ- 
ing on  an  oval  these  words :  "  La  Federation 
Frangaise  faite  au  Champ  de  Mars,  le  14  Juillet, 
1790."  The  oval  is  surrounded  by  military  en- 
signs and  trophies,  and  below  is  the  following : 
"  Notre  union  et  nos  armes  nous  ont  rendu  libres." 
The  cockade  has  a  double  circle  of  tricolor  ribbon, 
and  measures  five  inches  across.  F.  C..H. 

In  farther  elucidation  of  this  historical  subject, 
I  find  a  note  at  pp.  115,  116.,  torn,  ii.,  in  M. 
Edouard  Fournier's  Le  Vieux-Neuf,  Histoire  An- 
cienne  des  Inventions  et  Decouvertes  attribuees  aux 
Modernes,  2  vols.  8vo.,  Paris,  Dentu,  1859.  The 
author,  whose  highly  interesting  work,  written  in 
the  same  spirit  as  that  of  Louis  Dutens'  RecTierches 
siir  VOrigine  des  Decouvertes  atti-ibuees  aux  Mo- 
dernes,  published  in  1776,  which  M.  Ed.  Fournier 
himself  quotes  frequently,  says  :  — 

"  The  tricolor  as  the  national  colour  is  not  a  new  thing. 
It  seems  to  have  been  first  adopted  in  the  time  of  Etienne 
Marcel.  In  one  of  the  chapters  of  Secousse's  Recueil,  the 
partisans  of  the  provost  are  mentioned  as  wearing  silver 
fermeilles  enamelled  half  red  and  azure.  In  most  of  the 
MSS.  of  that  period,  the  miniatures  are  surrounded  with 
a  tricolor  border.  This  peculiarity  is  even  sufficient,  as 
belonging  exclusively  to  that  period,  to  assign  an  almost 
correct  date  to  MSS.  in  which  it  occurs :  it  is  known,  to 
a  certainty,  that  they  belong  to  the  reign  of  Charles  V. 
(^Bibliotheqiie  de  I'JScole  des  Chartes,  1™  Serie,  t.  ii. 
p.  70. ;  Paulin  Paris,  Manuscrit  Frangois,  t.  i.  p.  3. ; 
t.  ii.  pp.  9.  291.)  Why  were  these  three  colours  chosen 
in  those  early  seditious  times?  Because  they  already 
figured  in  the  arms  of  the  Hotel  de  Ville,  the  focus  of  the 
revolution.  •  The  vessel  of  Paris  was  represented  on 
rouge  ground  with  argent  sails,  floating  on  water  of  the 
same  metal:  a  blue  band,  covered  with  go\A  fleurs-de-Us, 
equal  in  width  to  the  third  of  the  surface  of  the  crest,  was 
laid  across  the  top  of  it.  In  heraldic  terms,  these  arms 
were  expressed  by  saying  that  Paris  portait  de  gueules, 
sur  vaisseau  d'argent,  fiottant  siir  des  oiides  de  meme,  le 
chef  cousii  de  France.'  —  Granier  de  Cassagnac,  Le  Vais- 
seau et  les  Armes  de  Paris.  (JR^ue  de  Paris,  t,  52.  p.  241.) 

*  In  1789  the  same  cause  led  to  the  same  choice.  After 
having  thought  a  moment  of  adopting  green,  which  was 
rejected  on  recollecting  that  it  was  the  colour  of  the 
Count  d'Artois,  the  three  colours  of  the  City  were  finally 
adopted.' "    (Mercier,  Le  Nouveau,  Paris,  t.  i.  p.  58.) 

Gallus. 

Brighton. 

Buchanan  Pedigree  (2°'^  S.  viii.  148.)  — The 
following  "  Note  "  from  Mr.  Irving's  forthcoming 
History  of  Dumbai-tonshire,  may  be  of  use  to 
your  Kilkenny  correspondent :  — 

"  The  founder  of  the  family  seems  to  have  been  Gilbert, 

*  Senescallus  comites  de  Levenax,'  who  obtained  a  grant 
of  the  lands  of  Buchanan,  and  thereupon  assumed  that 
name.  George  Buchanan's  father  was  Thomas,  the  se- 
cond son  of  Thomas  Buchanan  of  Drumikill,  and  his 


mother,  Agnes  Heriot,  of  the  family  of  Trabroun  in  East 
Lothian.  His  Buchanan  descent  connected  him  with  the 
old  house  of  Lennox.  George's  great-grandfather,  Pa- 
trick Buchanan  of  that  Ilk,  was  a  grandson  of  Isabella, 
Duchess  of  Lennox,  by  her  second  daughter,  Isabella, 
who  married  Sir  Walter  Buchanan  of  Buchanan.  Ge- 
nealogists are  not  b}'  any  means  at  one  as  to  the  person 
who  connects  the  Drumikill  branch  with  the  olden  stem ; 
but  Crawfurd,  in  indicating  in  his  Baronage  the  de- 
scent of  George  from  Robert  second  of  Drumikill,  refers 
to  other  two  brothers — Robert  and  Thomas.  Dr.  Irving 
also  mentions  that  George  Buchanan's  mother  was  left 
with  a  family  of  eight  children  —  five  sons  and  three 
daughters ;  but  the  family  evidents  do  not  clearly  indi- 
cate the  existence  of  more  than  the  three  mentioned 
above — Patrick,  Alexander,  and  George." 

One  of  the  historian's  sisters  was  married  to  a 
person  named  Morrison,  whose  son  Alexander 
published  an  edition  of  his  uncle's  paraphrase  of 
the  Psalms.  J.  I. 

Abbreviated  Names  of  English,  Counties  and 
Toivns  (2"^  S.  vii.  404.)  —  I  cannot  understand 
that  Mr.  Nichols  has  thrown  any  light  upon  the 
abbreviation  Sarum  ;  but  I  find  a  plausible,  per- 
haps a  probable,  theory  of  it  in  the  late  Dr.  Mil- 
lingen's  Sketches  of  Ancient  and  Modern  Boulogne 
(Boulogne,  1826).  Speaking  of  Druidical  groves, 
he  says :  — 

"  These  sacred  Groves  appear  to  have  been  of  venerable 
oaks,  a  tree  consecrated  to  the  Supreme  Deitj':  it  was 
called  Saron,  from  the  name  of  the  Sun,  Sar-o7i ;  hence 
the  Druids  were  by  various  ancient  authors  denominated 
Saronides;  Saron  was  also  a  name  given  to  rocky- 
places,  and  we  find  an  assemblage  of  huge  stones,  upon 
various  spots  which  had  been  the  Theatre  of  Druidical 
Worship :  may  not  the  name  of  our  Old  and  New  Sarum, 
from  their  vicinity  to  Druidical  remains,  be  derived  from 
Saron  ?  " 

James  Knowi.es. 

Richard  Mulcaster  (2"^  S.  vi.  50.)  —  I  am  en- 
abled to  furnish  R.  M.  with  some  farther  parti- 
culars respecting  this  eminent  schoolmaster.  In 
the  registers  of  Laurence  Pountney  parish  the 
following  entries  occur :  — 

«  Bapt.  15C|,  March  12,  Silvan,  son  of  M-^  Mulcaster, 
scolemaster. 
„      1572,  August  11,  Peter  do. 
„      1573,  Novemb.  20,  Kathrine,  dau.  of  do. 
Married,  158|,  Feby  22,  John  Mintar  and  Margery  Mul- 
caster. 
„     1586,  Nov  21,  Edward  Johnson  and  Anna  Mul- 
caster." 

In  the  Probation  Books  of  Merchant  Taylors' 
School,  I  find  "  Richard  Mulcaster,  born  August, 
1602,"  and  "  Henry  Mulcaster,  born  1715." 

C.  J.  Robinson. 

Winkley  Family  (2"<^  S.  viii.  170.)  — If  your 
correspondent  W.  will  send  an  outline  of  the  pe- 
digree he  possesses,  and  up  to  the  time  he  can 
reach,  I  may  probably  be  enabled  to  aid  him  ip 
his  inquiries,  as  I  am  acquainted  with  one  of  the 
family.  John  Nuese  Chadwick. 

King's  Lynn.  ,  V, 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2o'i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  10.  '69. 


SiJtg  si  diderum  (2"*  S.viii.  171.) — I  agree  with 
the  answer  to  this  Query,  so  far  as  concerns  the 
words  being  a  coi'ruption  of  si  dedei'o ;  but  it  is 
very  improbable  that  when  employed  as  a  threat 
by  the  common  people  to  their  children,  it  should 
have  any  reference  to  a  term  of  law.  It  appears 
to  me  for  more  likely  that  they  alluded  to  some- 
thing sung  at  church,  and  more  familiar  to  their 
ears.  In  the  psalm,  "  Memento  Domine  David," 
the  131st,  and  in  the  Hebrew  notation  the  132nd, 
the  words  occur  in  the  4th  verse  :  "  Si  dedero 
somnum  oculis  meis,"  etc.  How  these  came  to  be 
applied  by  angry  mothers  as  a  threat,  I  cannot 
exphiin  ;  but  I  think  this  is  the  most  probable 
source  from  whence  they  were,  taken.       F.  C.  H. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,   ETC. 

The  Cruise  of  the  Pearl  round  the  World,  with  an  Ac- 
count of  the  Naval  Brigade  in  India.  By  Rev.  E.  A. 
Williams,  Chaplain,  R.  N.     (Bentley.) 

The  interest  which  must  ever  be  attached  to  the  im- 
portant services,  of  an  unprecedented  character,  rendered 
by  the  Naval  Brigade  during  the  late  unhappy  mutiny 
in  our  Indian  empire,  is  sufficient  to  call  attention  to 
this  unpretending  volume  written  by  the  chaplain  of  the 
"  Pearl ;"  and  although  the  reverend  gentleman's  story  is 
narrated  in  a  tone  befitting  his  cloth,  yet  few  will  rise 
from  its  perusal  without  thanking  him  for  his  description 
of  the  manner  in  which  the  officers  and  seamen  left  their 
ship,  and  taking  their  guns  seven  or  eight  hundred  miles 
into  the  interior  of  the  country  served  as  soldiers, 
marching  and  countermarching  for  fifteen  months  through 
extensive  districts,  took  an  active  share  in  upwards  of. 
twenty  actions. 

The  Rose  and  the  Lotus;  or,  Home  in  England  and 
Home  in  India.  By  the  Wife  of  a  Bengal  Civilian.  (Bell 
&  Daldy.) 

India,  it  would  .seem,  has  not  yet  lost  its  charm  for 
English  readers;  and  this  little  tale,  which  exhibits  in 
contrast  home  in'the  two  countries,  will  furnish  a  plea- 
sant hour's  reading  to  those  Avho,  having  relatives  in 
India,  delight  in  anj'thing  that  brings  before  them  pic- 
tures of  the  Home  in  India  of  those  absent  dear  ones. 

A  Popular  History  of  British  Ferns  and  the  Allied 
Plants;  comprising  the  Club  Mosses,  Pepperworts,  and 
Horsetails.  By  Thomas  Moore.  Third  and  Revised  Edi- 
tion.    (Routledge.) 

Mr.  Moore's  Popular  History  of  British  Ferns  has  long 
been  so  great  a  favourite  with  the  admirers  of  that  class 
of  plants,  which  have  of  late  years  added  so  much  grace 
and  beauty  to  many  London  homes,  that  we  can  scarcely 
be  surprised  to  find  that  a  third  edition  of  it  lias  been 
called  for.  It  is  essentiall)'-  the  same  as  the  second,  but 
with  a  revised  text,  Avith  the  addition  of  descriptions  of 
some  of  the  more  prominent  new  varieties.  Tlie  plates 
have  been  redrawn,  but  not  otherwise  changed. 

Books  Received.  — 

The  Handbook  of  Autographs,  being  a  Ready  Gziide  to 
the  Handwriting  of  Distinguished  Men  and  Women  of  every 
Nation,  designed  for  the  Use  of  Literary  Men,  Autograph 
Collectors  and  others.  Executed  by  F.  G.  Netherclift. 
Part  III.     (Netherclift.) 

We  have  already  pointed  out,  at  some  length,  of  how 


great  use  this  little  work  is  likeh'  to  be  to  literary  men  ; 
and  must  therefore  content  ourselves  by  saj'ing  that  this 
Third  Part,  which  contains  facsimiles  of  upwards  of  a 
hundred  autographs,  seems  as  carefully  executed  as  its 
predecessors. 

Devonshire  Pedigrees  recorded  in  the  Heraldic  Visitation 
o/'1620  ;  with  Additions  from  the  Harleian  MS  S.,  and  the 
Printed  Collections  of  Westcote  and  Pole.  By  John  Tuckett. 
Part  II.     (Ashbee  &  Dangerfield.) 

We  hope  the  appearance  of  this  Second  Part  of  Mr. 
Tuckett's  ingenious  application  of  lithography  to  the 
publication  of  Pedigrees  is  a  proof  that  it  is  receiving  the 
patronage  which  it  deserves,  at  all  events  from  the  noble 
and  gentle  men  of  Devonshire. 

Buchan.  By  the  Rev.  J.  B.  Pratt,  M.A.  Second  Edi- 
tion.    With  Illustrations  and  a  Map.    (Smith,  Aberdeen.) 

The  rapidity  with  which  Mr.  Pratt's  first  edition  has 
been  exhausted  shows  that  his  book  was  both  wanted 
and  well  done:  the  second  edition  is  also  well-timed  — 
ready  for  the  use  of  the  British  Association  at  Aberdeen. 

On  the  Fundamental  Doctrine  of  Latin  Syntax.  By 
Simon  S.  Laurie,  M.A.     (Constable  &  Co.) 

Theory  of  Compound  Interest  and  Annuities,  with  Loga- 
rithmic Tables.     By  Fedor  Thoman.     (Lockwood  &  Co.) 

We  are  compelled,  for  obvious  reasons,  to  confine  our- 
selves to  the  acknowledgment  of  the  receipt  of  these  two 
volumes. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO  PDRCHASB. 

»«*  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  le 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &  Dai.dy,  Publishers  of  "NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 
London  Labodb  and  London  Poor.     A  Second-hand  Copy.     Either 
Numbers,  Parts,  or  Volumes. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  tliey  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 
Cotton's    (Archdeacon)  Fasti  Ecclesi.^    Hihernick.      1  V»ls.    Svo. 

Vol.  II. 
Phklan's  (Wir,i.iAM,  D.D.)  Remains.    2  Vols.    Svo.    Vol.  II. 
O'Sulmvan's  (Samuel,  D.D.)  Remains.    3  Vols.  Svo.    Vol.  III. 
The  Censcs  of  Iiieland,  1821.    Folio. 
,1851.    10  vols,,  folio.    Parts  II.  and  III. 

"Wanted  hy  Jlev.  71.  U.  Blacker ,'&o)Ui\ty ,  Blackrook,  Dublin. 


Pope's  Yearly  JoniiNAi.  of  Trades.   Svo.    25s.  edition  for  year  1S5G. 
Wanted  by  //.  Jloody,  Albert  Street,  Nottingham. 


MaRTYx's  lilFE   OF   ShAFTESBDRY. 

Wanted  by  Edxcard  Foss,  Esq.,  Churchill  House,  Dover. 


§.atitH  to  C0rrejSjp0JitrfnW. 

J.  p.  Phillips.  The  omisnon  in  Jfoore's  Almanack  appeared  in  our 
2nd  S.  iii.  278. 

Walter  Mapes's  Drinking  Song.  A  corrcsporident  informs  Yomw 
Master  Barnabee  that  Leigh  Hunt's  translation  (ant6,  p.  185.)  {sprinted 
in  his  Poems,  edit.  1844. 

G.  Lloyd.    The  Paper  is  left  at  the  Publisher's,  as  desired. 

W.  The  trial  of  Lord  de  Mos  for  cheating  at  cards  was  on  Feb.  10, 
1837.  See  The  Annual  Register,  1837,  p.  13.,  and  the  newspapeis  of  that 
date. 

J.  B.  S.  The  review  of  the  Volunteers  on  Tower  Hill  b?/  George  III., 
when  he  was  mounted  on  a  lohite  charger,  was  on  June  21,  1799.  See 
Gent. 'a  Mag.  Ixix.  pt.  i.  p.  521. 

W.  S.  Blowne.  The  engravings  are  by  John  Marietle,  whose  extensive 
collection  of  prints  became  the  property  of  his  son,  Peter  John  mariette. 
See  Bryan's  Diet,  of  Painters  and  Engravers. 

"Notes  and  Qckbibs"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (.including  tlie  HaU- 
vearlu  Index)  is  Us.id..  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  O/hce  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy,  186.  Fleet  street,  E.C;  to  whor!> 
all  Communications  for  t!i«  Editor  should  be  addressed. 


2'xi  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


221 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  17.  1859. 


No.  194.  — CONTENTS, 

NOTES  :  — The  Early  Editions  of  Foxe's  Book  of  Martj-rs,  by  J.  G. 
Nichols.  221— The  Duke  of  Buckingham,  a  Ghost  Story,  222 —  The 
Great  Exhibition  of  1851,  by  Prof.  De  Morgan,  223— John  Lilly, 
Dramatist,  by  J.  Yeowell,  224. 

MiNoa  Notes  :  —  Diligences  —  Synonymes  —  "  Masterly  Inactivity  "  — 
Suffragan  Bishop,  224. 

QUERIES :  —  The  Great  St.  Leger:  unde  vocatur?—"  Syr  Tryamoure" 
225. 

Minor  Queries  :  —  Canterbury  Registers  —  Chickens  feed  Capons  — 
Curious  Prophecy—  Roast  Lobster  —  "  Anatomy  of  Melancholy"  — 
Discountenancing  Bills  of  Exchange —Lieutenant -General  Thomas 
Pearce  —  Ballop  —  Chaumont  Church  —  John  Milton  :  a  Latin  Poem 
against  —  Glow-worm  Light  —  Cambridge  Latin  Plays  —  Legends  of 
Normandy  and  Brittany  —  Publication  of  Banns —  Nonjurors  and  Ja- 
cobites —  Rev.  Philip  Bidpath,  &c.  —  Bradstreet  Pedigree  —Two  Kings 
of  Brentford— Abigail  Hill  (Lady  Masham)  —  Cardinal  Wolsey,  226. 

Mixon  Queries  WITH  Answers  : — Heralds' Visitation :  Assumption  of 
Arms  —  Inscription  on  a  Ring- Leese  :  ;Lancer3  —  "  Pull  Garhck  "  — 
Mr.  John  Coleman  —  "  Itacism  "  — Filleroy,  228. 

REPLIES:  — Zachary  Boyd,  230— Malabar  Jews,  by  J.  H.  Van  Len- 
nep,  232— The  Pretender,  by  Rey.  W.  Matthews,  233  —  Chatterton 
MSS.,  234  —  James  Moore,  235. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  —  Dr.  Shelton  Mackenzie's  Life  of  Dr. 
Maginn— On  Buying  a  Bible  — Early  Catalogues  —  Grotesques  in 
Churches  —  Kev.  Richard  Johnson  —  Inn  Signs  by  eminent  Artists  — 
Lord  Fane:  Count  de  Sails— .  Bartholomew  Cokes  —  The  Termina- 
tion "  -  hayne  "  —  Weapon-salye  —  Origin  of  the  Judge's  Black  Cap — 
Side-saddles,  &c.,  235. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE     EARLY    EDITIONS     OF     FOXE's     BOOK     OF 
MAKTTRS. 

Perhaps  no  work  in  the  English  language  has 
been  more  lastingly  popular,  or  has  passed  through 
so  many  editions,  either  entire  or  in  an  abridged 
form,  as  The  Actes  and  Monuments  of  the  Church, 
by  John  Foxe,  commonly  called  The  Book  of 
Martyrs.  But  the  old  copies,  by  constant  use 
and  in  part  perhaps  from  sectarian  spite,  have  so 
far  disappeared,  that  it  is  most  remarkable  how 
few  seem  to  remain  ;  and,  what  is  more  extra- 
ordinary, no  bibliographer  has  given  a  correct 
account  of  them.  The  first  edition  was  produced 
in  1563,  but  even  Strype,  in  his  Memorials  of 
Cranmer,  says  that  the  work  was  first  published 
in  English  in  1566.  And  again,  in  the  history 
which  he  gives  of  the  work  (Annals,  vol.  iii.  chap, 
xiv.)  he  assigns  the  first  edition  to  1562,  and  the 
second  to  "  about  1582," — none  of  which  dates,  I 
need  scarcely  say,  are  corrected  in  the  Oxford 
edition  of  Strype's  Works,  1812.  Mr.  Macray,  in 
his  Manual  of  British  Historians,  1845,  remarks 
that,  "  Up  to  this  date  (1684),  Lowndes  and 
Watt  each  give  only  nine  editions,  but  together 
they  give  eleven ;  the  compiler  \i.  e.  Mr,  Macray 
himself]  has  omitted  one  mentioned  by  Watt,  that 
of  1612,  and  has  inserted  one  of  1610,  which  is 
possibly  the  one  Watt  means,  and  is  in  Donee's 
collection  in  the  Bodleian."  Mr.  Macray  thus 
reckons  eleven  editions;  but  the  edition  of  1684 
was  called  the  ninth,  and  I  believe  correctly  so. 
The  discrepancies  of  the  bibliographers  will  be 
best  shown  in  the  following  table  :  — 


Watt.  Lowndes.  Macray. 

First  -     1563  1562-3  1563. 

Second       -     1570  1570  1570. 

Third         -     1576  1576  1576. 

Fourth       -     1583  1583  1583. 

Fifth  -  1596-7  1596-7. 

Sixth  -  1610, 

1612  1618  1618. 

Seventh     -     1632  1632  1632. 

Eighth       -     1641  1641  1641. 

1650  1650. 

Ninth         -     1684  1684  1684. 

It  will  be  seen  that  the  dates  1612,  1618,  and 
1650  were  mistaken.  The  two  former  were 
clerical  errors  for  1610.  The  year  1650  may 
appear  on  some  copies ;  but  if  so,  it  was  not  a 
new  edition,  but  a  new  title  applied  to  that  of 
1641. 

Now,  my  present  object  of  inquiry  is.  Where 
do  any  copies  of  the  old  editions  exist  ?  I  have 
been  successful  in  finding  very  few.  Even  the 
archiepiscopal  library  at  Lambeth  possesses  of  the 
first  five  editions  only  the  second  volume  of  1596. 
The  library  at  Sion  College  has  no  other  edition 
but  that  of  1684.  At  the  Athenaeum  and  at  the 
London  Institution  there  is  that  edition  only. 
The  Bodleian  possessed  only  the  fourth,  eighth, 
and  ninth  editions  until  the  accession  of  Mr. 
Douce's  collection,  which  brought  two  copies  of 
the  first  edition  of  1563,  one  of  1610,  and  a 
second  of  1641.  Even  the  national  library  at  the 
British  Museum  wants  two  of  the  editions,  those 
of  1570  and  1583.  It  possesses  duplicates  of 
1576  and  1641,  which  were  the  only  copies  in  the 
library  of  George  the  Third,  whilst  that  of  Mr. 
Grenville  brought  none  whatever. 

Of  the  first  edition,  1563,  there  are,  then,  one 
copy  in  the  British  Museum,  and  twa  in  the 
Bodleian,  one  in  th^  library  of  Magdalene  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  presented  by  Eoxe  himself,  and 
two,  both  imperfect,  in  the  University  Library  at 
Cambridge. 

Of  the  Second  Edition,  1570,  there  is  a  copy 
in  the  University  Library  at  Cambridge,  with  the 
cuts  coloured. 

Of  the  Third  Edition,  1576,  two  in  the  British 
Museum,  and  one  at  Queen's  College,  Cambridge. 

Of  the  Fourth  Edition,  1583,  one  in  the  Bodleian. 

Of  the  Fifth  Edition,  1596,  one  in  the  British 
Museum. 

Of  the  Sixth  Edition,  1610,  one  in  the  British 
Museum,  one  in  the  University  Library  at  Cam- 
bridge, and  one  in  the  Bodleian. 

Of  the  Seventh  Edition,  1632,  one  in  the  British 
Museum,  and  one  in  the  University  Library  at 
Cambridge  (dated  1631). 

Of  the  Eighth  Edition,  1641,  two  in  the  British 
Museum,  two  in  the  Bodleian,  one  at  Cambridge 
University  Library,  and  one  in  the  library  of  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral. 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S,  Till.  Sept.  17.  '59. 


Of  the  Ninth  Edition,  1684,  it  is  unnecessary  to 
mention  the  copies,  as  they  are  not  uncommon. 

Many  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  re- 
member to  have  seen  the  assertion,  which  has  been 
often  repeated,  that  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  the 
Book  of  Martyrs  was  ordered  to  be  set  up  in  all 
parish  churches.  If  that  were  the  fact,  the  al- 
most entire  disappearance  of  the  book  would  be 
marvellous.  The  statement  rests  upon  the  au- 
thority of  Strype  {Annals  of  the  Reformation,  iii. 
503.) ;  but  I  do  not  find  that  it  is  well-founded. 
It  appears  that  by  the  Convocation  of  the  Pro- 
vince of  Canterbury,  held  in  1571,  it  was  in- 
joined  that  every  archbishop  and  bishop  should 
have  the  Monuments  of  the  Martyrs  in  his  house  ; 
that  every  dean  should  place  the  book  in  his 
cathedral  church ;  that  every  dean  or  residentiary 
dignitary  should  have  it  in  his  house ;  and  the 
same  with  every  archdeacon.  I  find  nothing  as 
to  parish  churches.  Still,  there  must  have  been 
some  thousands  of  copies  printed  in  the  sixteenth 
century,  —  the  edition  of  1596  is  recorded  to  have 
consisted  of  1200, — and  what  has  become  of  them 
all  ?  The  fate  of  those  exposed  to  public  reading 
is  obvious:  by  constant  handling,  by  damp  and 
decay,  they  became  imperfect,  and  their  remains 
have  been  either  destroyed  for  waste  paper,  or 
cut  up  for  the  sake  of  the  woodcuts.  I  have 
seen  several  such  imperfect  copies,  and  two  or 
three  have  come  into  my  own  hands.  But  where 
are  the  copies  that  usually  rested  on  the  library 
shelves  ?   I  shall  be  glad  to  hear  of  any  of  them. 

It  is  not  unknown  that  Foxe  at  first  wrote  the 
work  in  Latin  ;  but  it  is  remarkable  that  the 
bibliographers  are  confused  upon  this  publication 
also.  Watt  mentions  four  editions  :  —  1554, 
8vo.;  1554,  folio;  1559,  folio;  1563,  folio;  and 
Lowndes  speaks  also  of  an  edition,  1556,  8vo. 
There  were  in  fact  but  two  jgditions  ;  one  printed 
at  Strasburgh  in  1554,  and  the  other  at  Basle  in 
1559.  The  book  was  called  Commentarii  Reriim 
in  Ecclesia  Gestarum.  Argentorati,  1554,  Svo. 
This  title  appears  to  have  been  reprinted  with 
the  date  1556:  and  the  same  book  was  cer- 
tainly reissued  in  1564  with  the  fresh  title  of 
dhronicon  Ecclesia,  &c.,  as  given  in  full  in  "  N. 
&  Q,"  2'"*  S.  vii.  83,,  from  a  copy  in  the  possession 
of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Maitland.  This  was  done  to  sell 
off  the  remaining  copies  of  the  small  Strasburgh 
book,  after  the  author  had  inlarged  the  book  into 
ii  folio  volume,  which  was  printed  at  Basle  in 
1559.  The  date  1563  belongs  to  the  Second  Part 
of  the  Commentarii,  which  was  compiled,  not  by 
Foxe,  but  by  Henrico  Pantaleone,  a  physician  of 
Basle.  This  related  to  the  continental  reformers, 
and  was  not  translated  for  the  English  work.  I 
should  be  glad  to  be  told  of  any  copies  of  Foxe's 
Commentarii  dated  1556.  Otherwise,  the  history 
of  this  work  is  tolerably  clear.  With  regard  to 
The  Actes  and  Momiments,  the  progress  of  which 


I  am  nov/  endeavouring  to  trace,  any  suggestions 
will  obli";e  me.  John  Gough  Nichols. 


THE   DUKE    OF   BUCKIKGHAM,  A   GHOST    STOKT. 

Gervase  Holies  would  appear  to  have  been  fond 
of  the  supernatural,  and  to  have  delighted  in  a 
good  ghost  story.  Scattered  among  his  various 
genealogical  and  topographical  collections,  we  find 
noted  down  several  as  related  to  him  by  persons 
of  credit,  and  among  others  the  following,  as  com- 
municated to  hira  by  letter,  the  introduction  to 
which  let  him  tell  in  his  own  words : — 

"  Since  William  Lilly  the  Eebell's  Jagler  and  JMounta- 
banke  hath  in  his  malitious  and  blasphemous  discourse 
concerning  our  late  martired  soueraigne  of  ever  blessed 
memory  imprinted  (amongst  other  his  lies  and  false- 
hoodes)  a  relation  concerning  an  apparition  vv<^i>  foretolde 
severall  events  w"^'>  should  happen  to  }••=  late  Duke  of 
Buckingham,  wherein  he  falsefies  both  the  person  to  whom 
it  appeared  and  y"  circumstances,  I  thought  it  not 
amisse  to  enter  here  (that  it  may  be  preserved)  the  true 
account  of  that  apparition,  as  I  have  receaved  it  from  the 
hand  and  under  the  hand  of  M"^  Edmund  VVyndham  of 
Kellesford  in  y"  county  of  Somerset. 

"  I  shall  set  it  downe  (Jpsissimis  veibis)  as  he  delivered 
it  to  me  at  my  request,  written  with  his  owne  hand. 

" '  S'',  according  to  y"*  desire  and  my  promise,  1  have 
written  downe  Avhat  I  remember  (divers  things  being 
slipt  oat  of  mj-  memor}')  of  yo  relation  made  me  b}-  M'' 
Nicholas  Towse  concerning  y«  apparition  w^''  visited 
him.  About  the  yeare  1G27  I  and  m_v  wife  (upon  an  oc- 
casion being  in  London)  lay  at  my  brother  Pyne's  house 
w"'out  Bishopsgate,  ^\•'^^  was  y®  next  house  unto  M''  Ni- 
cholas Towse's,  who  was  his  kinsman  and  familiar  ac- 
quaintance, in  consideration  of  whose  society  and  freind- 
ship  he  tooke  a  house  in  y*  place.  The  sayd  Towse  being 
a  verj'  fine  Musitian,  and  very  good  companj',  and  for 
ought  I  ever  saw  or  heard  a  virtuous,  religious,  and  well 
disposed  gentleman. 

" '  About  y'  time  y^  said  M'  Towse  tolde  me  y*  one 
night  being  in  bed  and  perfectly  waking,  and  a  candle 
burning  by  him  (as  he  usually  had),  there  came  into  his 
chamber,  and  stood  by  his  bedside,  an  olde  gentleman  in 
such  an  habit  as  was  in  fashion  in  Q.  Elizabeth's  time,  at 
whose  iirst  appearance  M''  Towse  was  verj-  much  troubled ; 
but  after  a  little  time,  recollecting  himselfe,  be  demanded 
of  him,  in  y^  name  of  God,  what  he  was  ?  whether  he  were 
a  man  ?  and  y"  apparition  replied  No !  Then  he  asked 
him  if  he  were  a  devill,  and  y^  answer  was  No !  Then 
M""  Towse  said,  In  y«  name  of  God,  what  art  thou  then  ? 
and,  as  I  remember,  M"^  Towse  told  me  y*  y"  apparition 
answered  him  y'  he  was  y"  ghost  of  S'  George  Villers, 
father  to  y"  then  Duke  of  Buckingham,  whome  he  might 
very  well  remember,  since  he  went  to  schoole  at  such  a 
place  in  Leicestershire  (naming  y  place  w<=''  I  have  for- 
gotten). And  M''  Towse  told  me  y'  y"  apparition  had 
perfectly  the  resemblance  of  5"=  s<i  S''  George  Villers  in 
all  respectes,  and  in  y  same  habit  y'  he  had  often  scene 
him  weai-e  in  his  lifetime.  The  sayd  apparition  then 
told  Mr  Towse  y'  he  could  not  but  remember  ye  much 
kindness  that  he,'ye  said  S''  George  Villers,  had  expressed 
to  him  whilst  he  was  a  schoUer  in  Leicestershire  as 
aforesaid,  and  y*  out  of  y*  consideration  he  beleived  y'  he 
loved  him,  and  that  therefore  he  had  made  choyse  of 
him,  y<=  said  M''  Towse,  to  deliver  a  message  to  his  sonne 
y«  Duke  of  Buckingham,  thereby  to  praevent  such  Mis- 


2°<J  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


223 


cbeife  as  would  otherways  befall  y"  said  Dake,  whereby 
he  would  be  inaevitably  ruined.  And  then  (as  I  remem- 
ber) M""  Towse  tolde  me  y*  y"  apparition  instructed  him 
•what  message  he  should  deliver  to  y«  Duke,  unto  w«''  M"" 
Towse  replied  that  he  should  be  very  unwilling  to  go  to 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham  upon  such  an  arrant  wherby  he 
should  gaine  nothing  but  reproach  and  contempt,  and  to 
be  assteemed  a  mad  man,  and  therfore  desired  to  be  ex- 
cused from  y®  employment.  But  y«  apparition  pressed 
bim  w"»  much  earnestnes  to  undertake  it,  telling  him  y' 
yo  circumstances  and  secret  discoveries  w'''  he  should  bo 
able  to  make  to  y^  Duke  (of  such  passages  in  y»  course  of 
his  life  w<=i>  were  knowne  to  none  but  himselfe)  would 
make  it  appeare  y'  his  message  was  not  the  fancy  of  a 
distempered  brain,  but  a  realit}'.  And  so  y«  appai-ition 
tooke  his  leave  of  him  for  y'  night,  telling  him  y'  he 
■would  give  him  leave  to  consider  untill  y"  next  night, 
and  then  he  would  come  to  receave  his  answer,  whether 
he  would  undertake  to  deliver  his  message  to  y®  Duke  of 
Buckingham  or  no. 

" '  Mr  Towse  past  that  day  w"i  much  trouble  and  per- 
plexity, debating  and  reasoning  w"»  himselfe  whether  he 
should  deliver  this  message  to  the  Duke,  or  not,  but  in 
conclusion  he  resolved  to  do  it,  and  y«  next  night,  when 
yo  apparition  came,  he  gave  his  answer  accordingly,  and 
then  receaved  his  full  instruction. 

" '  After  which  M""  Towse  went  and  found  out  S""  Thomas 
Bludder  and  S"' Ralph  Freeman,  by  whom  lieM'as  brought 
to  yo  Duke  of  Buckingham,  and  had  severall  private  and 
long  audiences  of  him.  I  myselfe,  by  y®  favour  of  a 
freind  *,  was  once  admitted  to  see  him  in  private  con- 
ference w"'  the  Duke,  where  (altho'  I  heard  not  their  dis- 
course) I  observed  much  earnestnes  in  their  actions  and 
gestures.  After  ■\v'='»  conference  M''  Towse  told  me  y'  the 
Duke  Avould  not  follow  y«  advice  y*  was  given  him,  w'='' 
was,  as  I  remember,  that  he  intimated  y«  casting  of  and 
ye  rejecting  of  some  men  who  had  great  interest  in  him, 
and  as  I  take  it  he  named  Bishop  Laud  and  y'  he,  y"= 
Duke,  was  to  do  some  popular  actes  in  y"  ensuing  Par- 
liam',  of  which  Parliam'  y«  Duke  would  have  had  M'' 
Towse  to  have  been  a  Burgesse;  but  he  refused  it,  alledg- 
ing  that,  unles  y«  Duke  followed  his  directions,  he  must 
do  him  hurt  if  he  were  of  y«  Parliam'.  M'' Towse  then 
tolde  y'  y«  Duke  of  Buckingham  confessed  y'  he  had  tolde 
him  those  thinges  w«ii  no  creature  knew  but  himselfe,  and 
y'  none  but  God  or  y"  Devill  could  reveale  to  him.  The 
Duke  offered  M''  Towse  to  have  y^  king  knight  him  and 
to  have  given  him  prseferment  (as  he  tolde  me),  but  y' 
he  refused  it,  saying  y',  unles  he  would  follow  his  advice, 
he  would  receive  nothing  from  him. 

" '  M""  Towse,  when  he  made  me  this  relation,  he  tolde 
me  y*  y«  Duke  would  inaevitably  be  destroyed  before  such 
a  time  (w<=h  he  then  named),  and,  accordinglj-,  y"  Duke's 
death  happened  before  y'  time.  He  likewise  tolde  me  y' 
he  had  written  dowue  all  y"  severall  discourses  y*  he  had 
had  w*'»  y  apparition,  and  y'  at  last  his  comming  to  him 
was  so  familiar  y'  he  was  as  little  troubled  w"»  it  as  if  it 
had  beene  a  freind  or  acquaintance  y'  had  come  to  visit 
him. 

" '  M''  Towse  tolde  me  further  y'  y^  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury  (then  Bp  of  London),  D^  Laud,  should,  by  his 
councells,  be  y^  author  of  very  great  troubles  to  y°  king- 
dome,  by  vi'^^  it  should  be  reduced  to  y«  extremity  of  dis- 
order and  confusion,  y«  it  should  seeme  to  be  past  "all  hope 
of  recovery  w">out  a  miracle ;  but  yet  when  all  people 
were  in  despayre  of  seeing  happy  days  againe,  y^  king- 
dome  should  suddenly  be  reduced  and  resetled  againe  in  a 
most  happy  condition. 

" '  At  this  time  my  father  Pyne  was  in  trouble,  and 
committed  to  y"  Gatehouse  by  y^  Lordes  of  y^  Councell, 

♦  S"-  Ed.  Savage. 


about  a  quarrell  between  him  and  y"  Lord  Powlet,  upon 
■w'=''  one  night  I  said  unto  my  cosen  Towse,  by  way  of 
jest,  I  pray  aske  y  apparition  what  shall  become  of  "my 
father  Pyne's  business,  yi'^^  he  promised  to  do,  and  y«next 
day  tolde  me  y'  my  father  Pyne's  enemies  were  ashamed 
of  >•«'"■  malitious  prosecution,  and  y»  he  would  be  at  liberty 
w''"in  a  week  or  some  few  dayes,  w"'''  happened  accor- 
dingl}'. 

"  '  M«'  Towse  his  wife  (since  his  death)  tolde  me  that 
her  husband  and  she,  living  in  Windsore  Castle,  where  he 
had  an  office,  y*  somer  y*  y"  Duke  of  Buck,  was  kilde, 
tolde  hir  (that  very  day  y'  y«  Duke  was  set  upon  by  y* 
mutinous  Mariners  at  Portesmouth),  saying  then  y'  y» 
next  attempt  against  him  would  be  bis  death,  w"='>  accor- 
dingly happened.  And  at  y"  instant  y'  y»  Duke  was 
kild  (as  shee  understood  by  y®  relation  afterward),  M»" 
Towse  was  sitting  in  his  chayre,  out  of  w'^  he  suddainly 
started  up  and  sayd,  Wife,  y"  Duke  of  Buckingham  is 
slayne. 

"  '  M'  Towse  lived  not  long  after  y*  himselfe,  but  tolde 
his  wife  y*  time  of  his  death  before  it  happened.  I  never 
saw  him  after  I  had  scene  some  effectes  of  his  discourse, 
-w^^  before  I  valued  not,  and  therefore  was  not  curious  to 
enquire  after  more  than  he  voluntarily  told  me,  w<='»  I 
then  entertained  not  w'l^  those  serious  thoughts  w'"*  I 
have  since  reflected  on  his  discourse.  This  is  as  much  as 
I  can  remember  of  this  business,  w<=i»,  according  to  youF 
desire,  is  written  by 

" « Sir,  y,  &c., 

"  *  Edmond  Wyndham. 
"  '  Boulogne,  5  Aug.  1G52.' " 

Wanted  to  know  where  to  find  an  account  of 
the  affair  between  Pjrne  and  the  Lord  Powlet? 

Ithubiki.. 


THE    GREAT   EXHIBITION    OF    1851. 

Among  the  most  successful  efforts  of  this  cen- 
tury has  been  the  Great  Exhibition  of  1851.  It 
pleased  everybody,  paid  its  way,  and  retired  with 
a  large  fortune,  and  made  reputation  for  all  con- 
cerned in  its  management.  On  casually  looking 
through  a  volume  of  the  Mechanics'  Magazine,  I 
found  the  following  criticism  on  the  Executive 
Committee,  to  whom  so  much  of  the  success  of 
the  undertaking  is  due  (Part  326.,  vol.  lii.,  March 
2 — 30,  1850,  p.  168).  It  is  but  common  justice 
that  it  should  be  reprinted,  and  preserved  in  a 
journal  to  the  index  of  which  historical  inquirers 
are  likely  to  turn. 

"  But,  secondly,  the  Crown  has  dealt  with  the  sham 
nomination  by  the  Society  of  Arts  of  certain  persons  to  be 
an  '  Executive  Committee  in  the  premises;'  as  if  it  were 
an  actual  matter  of  fact,  and  invested  these  persons  with 
all  the  functions  and  powers  of  a  real  executive.  It  is- 
much  as  if  her  Majesty  had,  on  the  recommendation  of 
Sarah  Gamp,  included  Mrs.  Harris  in  the  Commission  of 
the  Peace.  Who  are  these  parties?  Are  they  such  as 
one  might  expect  to  see  picked  out,  to  be  placed  at  the 
head  of  a  grand  public  undertaking  such  as  this  professes 
to  be?  Men  among  the  most  eminent  of  their  day  in  art, 
or  science,  or  letters?  Men  not  only  well-known  and 
highly  esteemed  in  their  own  country,  but  of  European, 
at  least,  if  not  of  world-wide  I'eputation  ?  Individuals 
whose  names  require  but  to  be  mentioned  to  inspire  con- 
fidence, '  not  only  in  all  classes  of  our  subjects,  but  of  the 
subjects  of  foreign  countries  ?'    Jtisum  tentatis,  amicif 


224 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59. 


Their  names  are,  Henry  Cole,  Chaules  Wentworth 
DiLKE,  JuN.,  George  Drew,  and  Fra>'cis  Fuller,  with 
one  Mathew  Digby  VVyatt  for  Secretary ;  five  as  obscure 
individuals  as  could  well  be  got  together  in  one  group — not 
such  even  as  j-ou  might  impress  from  the  streets,  but  such 
as  could  only  be  found  out  by  poking  into  sundrj'  holes 
and  corners  after  them,  — people  distinguished  for  nothing 
whatever  in  the  world,  —  people  whom  nobody  knows, — 
never  heard  of,  either  in  their  own  country  or  out  of  it. 
Persons,  too,  who  if  not  the  very  same  who  falsely  passed 
themselves  off  as  the  representatives  of  the  Society  of 
Arts,  have  been  put  forward  to  reap  the  benefits  of  the 
fraud  practised  on  the  Crown, — the  nominees  of  impos- 
tors, if  not  impostors  themselves!  How  is  it  possible 
that  such  an  '  Executive '  can  inspire  either  respect  or 
confidence  ?  Or  how  is  it  to  be  expected  that  any  great 
party  in  the  state  would  choose  to  identify  themselves 
with  a  pack  of  such  characterless  nobodies  ? 

"  We  have  purposely  left  out  the  name  of  ISIr.  Eobert 
Stephenson  from  the  Executive  batch,  because  it  was 
notoriously  added  at  the  last  moment,  for  the  sake  of 
garnish  merely,  and  after  an  express  intimation  from 
that  gentleman  that  he  could  lend  them  his  name  only."  * 

It  is  due  to^the  journal  quoted  to  say  that  its 
management  is  not  now  in  the  same  hands  as  it 
was  at  the  time  when  the  above  was  written. 

A.  De  Morgan. 


JOHN   LILLY,    DRAMATIST. 

This  Elizabethan  dramatist  wrote  nine  plays, 
reprinted  by  Blount  in  1632,  who  in  his  dedica- 
tion to  Lord  Lumley  gives  us  a  specimen  of  the 
wit  he  admired  in  Lilly  —  "  the  Spring  is  at  hand, 
and  therefore  I  present  you  a  Lilly."  Lilly  was 
a  candidate  for  the  post  of  Master  of  the  Revels, 
in  which  he  was  unsuccessful ;  and  after  many 
years  of  fruitless  court  attendance,  was  obliged  to 
petition  the  Queen  for  support  in  his  old  age.  I 
have  stumbled  on  a  letter  from  the  late  Dr.  Philip 
Bliss  to  Joseph  Haslewood  relating  to  this  dra- 
matist, which  may  be  considered  worthy  of  a  niche 
in  your  literary  athenseum  :  — 

"  Dear  Haslewood.  —  Oldys,  MS.  Notes  on 
Langbaine,  Cens.  Lit.,  i.  161.,  says  that  there  are 
many  copies  of  Lilly's  Letters  to  the  Queen  (Eliza- 
beth) extant  in  manuscript.  These  Letters  show 
that  he  expected  the  post  of  Master  of  the  Revels, 
Now  where  are  these  many  copies  ?  Do  you, 
who  are  so  skilled  in  dramatic  biography,  know 
where  to  find  one  ?  If  so,  tell  me ;  but  don't 
transcribe  it,  for  I  have  it  now  under  my  roof,  in 
a  contemporary  manuscript, 

"  Yours,  almost  worn  out  with  proof- 
reading and  poverty, 

"  Anthony  a  Wood,  Jun." 

It  is  gratifying  to  learn  from  your  last  volume 
(p.  514.)  that  an  improved  and  enlarged  edition, 
by  a  competent  editor,  of  the  Athena  Oxonienses 
by  Anthony  a  Wood,  Sen.  and  Jun.  is  in  prepara- 

*  "  Mr.  Stephenson  has  since  resigned,  and  has  been  re- 
placed by  Lieut.-Col.  VV.  Reid,  R.  E." 


tion.  What  the  two  Woods  have  accomplished 
for  Oxford,  the  two  Coopers  are  now  honourably 
performing  for  Cambridge.  May  their  united  la- 
bours be  sustained  and  encouraged  by  the  whole 
literary  brotherhood  !  J.  Yeowell. 


Diligences.  — 


Minav  ^nXsi, 


" '  So  down  thy  hill,  romantic  Ashborne,  glides, 
The  Derbj'  dilly,  carrying  three  insides.' 

"When  the  late  Mr.  O'Connell  applied  these  celebrated 
lines  to  the  present  Earl  of  Derby,  he  made  the  Dilly 
carry  six  insides,  which  had  the  double  advantage  of  de- 
scribing the  vehicle  more  accurately  and  of  giving  addi- 
tional point  to  the  joke." 

{Edinb.  Revieio,  No.  219.  p.  118.  July,  1858.) 

Public  vehicles  which  carried  six  insides  were 
generally  called  stage  coaches,  stages,  or  coaches, 
or  had  some  specific  name  as  the  Rapid,  Telegraph, 
Defiance,  &c.  &c.  But  there  was  also  a  vehicle 
whose  generic  name  was  Diligence,  and  which  car- 
ried three  insides  only. 

Ashbourne  Hill  is  clearly  visible  from  the 
windows  of  Ashbourne  Hall,  where  Canning  was 
a  frequent  visitor,  and  in  his  days  was  an  object 
of  peculiar  interest ;  for,  upon  the  arrival  of  the 
mail  at  the  top  of  the  Hill,  the  guard,  if  he  had 
good  news  to  tell,  and  our  navy  supplied  him  with 
numerous  occasions,  discharged  his  blunderbuss  to 
summon  all  the  quidnuncs  of  the  place. 

The  diligence  of  those  days  carried  three  in- 
sides ;  two  sat  with  their  faces  towards  the  horses, 
the  third  sat  opposite  upon  a  seat  partly  inserted 
into  a  recess  in  the  carriage,  but  projecting  a 
i  little.  Whether  such  a  vehicle  ran  or  rather 
crawled  between  Derby  and  Ashbourne,  I  do  not 
recollect,  but  I  do  recollect  riding  in  such  a  one, 
somewhere  between  Warrington  and  Liverpool, 
once  on  my  way  to  school :  its  external  appear- 
ance I  do  not  remember,  but  the  internal  discom- 
forts have  fixed  its  form  in  my  memory,  though 
seventy  years  have  elapsed  since  that  memorable 
journey. 

I  should  not  have  noticed  the  Edinburgh  critic's 
mistake,  but  that  it  seems  to  indicate  that  the 
very  existence  of  such  a  vehicle  as  a  diligence  had 
passed  out  of  mind.  Edw.  Hawkins. 

Synonymes.  —  The  original  edition  of  Bishop 
(then  Archdeacon)  Nicolson's  English  Historical 
Library,  London,  1696,  8vo.,  has  a  preface  which 
was  not  reprinted.  The  last  paragraph  of  this 
preface  Is  worth  preserving,  not  only  for  the  con- 
sideration of  some  living  authors,  but  as  marking 
a  time  at  which  the  demand  for  elegant  synonymes 
was  strong :  — 

"  I  have  but  one  thing  more  to  Apologize  for ;  and 
that's  the  frequent  Repetitions,  the  Reader  will  be  apt 
to  observe,  of  the  same  Word,  and  (perhaps)  Expression 
and  Phrase.    I  have  repeated  Occasions  to  take  Notice 


2n<i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


225 


of  this  and  the  other  IMan's  Undertaking  and  Performing, 
Penning  and  Publishing  his  several  Historical  Labours: 
And  possibly  a  nice  Critick  in  the  Finery  and  Cadence  of 
the  English  Tongue  would  expect  that  I  should  have 
Collected  a  good  Number  of  Synonymous  Sentences  for 
this  Purpose.  I  can  only  saj-,  I  never  intended  my 
Papers  for  the  View  of  such  Delicate  and  Curious  Judges 
of  Language  and  Oratory.  If  I  had  but  a  Word  in  readi- 
ness that  would  serve  my  Turn,  I  never  vex'd  my  Brains 
in  Pumping  for  another  that  could  only  do  as  well :  And, 
being  to  cloath  so  many  People  of  the  very  same  Size 
.  and  Shapes,  it  were  too  severe  (I  think)  to  force  me  to 
provide  each  of  'em  with  a  different  Habit  and  Fashion." 

This  archdeacon  deserved  to  be  a  bishop. 

A.  De  Morgan. 

"  Masterly  Inactivity"  —  This  expression  w.as 
used  by  the  Lite  John  C.  Calhoun,  in  a  debate  in 
the  senate  of  the  United  States  upon  the  acquisi- 
tion of  Cuba,  in  which  he  alleged  that  when  the 
proper  time  came  Cuba  would  gravitate  towards 
the  United  States,  and  that  in  the  mean  while  the 

olicy  of  the  United  States  was  a  masterly  inactivity. 

have  lately  heard  that  the  phrase  was  used  in  the 
British  House  of  Commons  during  the  first  French 
revolution.  The  idea  seems  to  be  found  in  a  sen- 
tence in  one  of  the  Hebrew  prophets :  "  His 
strength  is  to  sit  still."  Uneda. 

Suffragan  Bishop. — As  an  addition  to  the  list  of 
Suffragan  Bishops  in  Appendix  V.  of  Stubbs's 
Re^istrum  Sacrum  Anglicanum^  will  you  note  the 
following  from  Tanner's  MS.  Index  to  the  Nor- 
wich Episcopal  Register,  s.  v.  Mettingham  :  "  xi. 
Nov.  1539,  Thomas  Manning,  Suff.  Eps.  Gype- 
wici."*  B.B.Woodward. 


I 


THE  GREAT  ST.  LEGER  I  UNDE  VOCATUR  ? 

The  name  of  this  famous  race  at  Doncaster  is 
"familiar  in  our  mouths,"  and  especially  so  at 
this  time  of  year,  yet  I  have  never  been  able  to 
ascertain  with  accuracy  its  origin. 

Certain  it  is  that  it  was  derived  from  the  cele- 
brated Colonel  St.  Leger  (concerning  whom  in- 
formation was  requested  by  a  querist  in  your  1** 
S.  ix.  76.,  who  elicited  replies  in  the  following 
volume,  pp.  94. 175. 376.),  but  whether  he  founded 
the  Sweepstakes,  or  it  was  only  called  after  him 
in  compliment  to  such  a  celebrity  on  the  turf,  I 
cannot  discover.  Will  your  correspondents  aid 
me  ?  I  should  be  much  obliged  for  a  reference 
to  any  memoir  or  notices  of  him. 

I  have  been  told  that  a  biographical  sketch  of 
him  appeared  in  one  of  the  Magazines  about  the 
time  of  his  death  (1800) ;  but  I  have  searched  in 
vain  for  it,  finding  only  some  incidental  notices  of 
him.     Whom  did  he  marry  ? 

[*  Wharton's  List  of  the  Suffragans  states,  "Thomas 
Mannyng,  Epus  Ipswicensis,  consecratus  1536,"  not 
1539.— Ed.] 


In  the  Corrigenda  appended  to  Burke's  Landed 
Gentry  (1st  edit.),  p.  379.,  I  find  the  following  : — 

"  [Major-]  General  John  St.  Leger,  commonly  called 
'  Handsome  Jack  St.  Leger,'  was  appointed  Lieut.-Col. 
in  the  1st  regt.  of  Guards,  5  Sept.  1787 ;  he  was  the  in- 
timate friend  of  his  late  Majesty  King  George  IV.  [when 
Prince  of  Wales],  and  His  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of 
York.  And  was  subsequently  Commander  of  the  Forces 
in  India  [Ceylon?],  where  he  died  on  service. 

"  The  portrait  of  this  celebrated  roue  is  in  the  Queen's 
Guard  Chamber,  Hampton  Court ;  in  the  Corridor,  Wind- 
sor Castle ;  and  at  the  residence  of  Anthony  B.  St.  Leger, 
Esq.,  Berkeley  Square,  London." 

The  first  of  these  pictures,  which  is  a  full-length 
by  Gainsborough,  and  one  of  his  best  perform- 
ances (see  Fulcher's  Life  of  Gainsborough),  was 
engraved  by  G.  Dupont  in  1783,  and  has  been 
lately  lithographed  from  a  copy  taken  by  Mr. 
Wales  from  the  original  at  Hampton  Court. 

As  I  am  told,  the  Prince  and  the  Colonel  both 
had  their  pictures  painted,  in  the  same  uniform 
and  attitude,  by  Gainsborough,  and  exchanged 
them  with  each  other, — that  of  the  Colonel  being 
now  at  Hampton  Court — where,  by  the  way,  it  is 
placed  in  a  most  unfavourable  light ;  that  of  the 
Prince  being  in  the  possession  of  A.  B.  St.  Leger, 
Esq.,  of  Berkeley  Square,  who  courteously  per- 
mitted me  to  see  it.  Had  this  picture  been  placed 
among  the  Gainsboroughs  at  the  late  exhibition 
at  the  British  Institution  it  would  doubtless  have 
added  to  the  painter's  reputation. 

LUCUS  A  NON  LUCENDO. 


"  SYR    TRYAMOURE. 

Explanations  of  the  following  passages  desired 
(Percy  Society's  edition)  :  — 

1.  "  Ymay  evyr  after  thys 

That  thou  woldyst  tyse  me  to  do  amys, 
No  game  schulde  the  glewel  " — P.  4. 1.  106. 

2.  "  The  fyrste  that  rode  noghtfor  thy 

Was  the  kyng  of  Lumbardy."  —  P.  25.  1.  736. 

3.  «*  And  yf  hyt  so  betyde. 

That  the  knyght  of  owre  syde 
May  sle  yowrj's  be  wyth  chawnce." 

P.  35. 1.  1014. 
.     4.  "  For  he  had  a  champyone, 

In  ev^ery  o/'londe  of  moste  renowne." 

P.  35. 1.  1022. 
Is  any  other  instance  known  of  the  use  of  of 
after  every  f 

5.  "  And  sche  answeryd  them  there  on  hye." 

P.  22, 1.  G42. 
Does  on  hye  =  in  haste  f 

6.  "  Syr  Asseryn,  the  kynges  sone  of  Naveine, 

Wolde  nevyr  man  hys  body  warne." 

P.  27. 1.  785. 

7.  "  Then  swere  the  fosters  alle  twelve. 

They  wolde  no  weed  but  hymselfe, 

Othur  we  be  hyt  noght."  — P.  36. 1.  1065. 

8.  "  Tryamowre  gaf  hym  with  hert  free, 

The  palmer  for  hym  can  arete." 

P.  44. 1.  1308. 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"'i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '5F 


9.  "  '  A  lytulle  lower,  syr,'  seyde  hee, 
'  And  let  us  smalle  go  wyth  thee, 
Now  are  we  bothe  at  con  assyse ! '  " 

P.  53. 1.  1556. 

10.  "  And  the  knyght  be  there  assente, 

Schulde  wayne  wj'th  the  wynde." — P.  9. 1.  246. 

Does  wayne  =  swing  ? 

11.  "  To  mete  as  (hey  were  sett  in  halle, 

Syr  Marrok  was  there  ferre  withynney-wys." 
P.  19. 1.  531. 

Is  withynney-ii'ys  for  witidn  y  wis  ?  E.  S.  J. 


Canterlniry  Registers.  —  In  Gorbam'ti  Hist,  of 
Maidenhead  CJiopel,  p,  7.,  there  occurs  the  follow- 
ing note : — 

"  The  (Canterbury)  Registers  previous  to  that  j-ear 
(1279),  were  purloined  by  Archbishop  Kilwardby,  and 
were  carried  by  him  to  Rome,  on  his  being  made  a  car- 
dinal. In  Peckham's  Regist.  (f.  152.  b.),  there  is  a 
curious  record,  dated  1283,  of  an  appeal  made  hy  the 
Archbishop  to  the  Court  of  Rome  for  the  return  of  the 
Registers,  judicial  processes,  plate,  &c.,  belonging  to  the 
church  of  Canterbury,  and  unjustly  detained  by  his 
Holiness !  " 

Has  an  application  for  these  muniments  been 
repeated  in  modern  times,  and  might  it  be  alto- 
gether hopeless  ?  A. 

Chickens  feed  Capons;  or  a  dissertation  on  the 

Pertness  of  our  Youth  in  general Written 

by  a  friend  of  the  person  injured.  Third  edition. 
London.  1731.  8vo.  (Pp.  24.)  Is  anything 
known  of  the  parties,  or  of  the  circumstances  ?  M, 

Curious  Prophecy.  —  In  the  year  1667,  on  the 
8th  of  August,  in  the  sepulchre  of  Bishop  Chris- 
tianas Ageda,  who  died  on  the  2nd  of  September, 
1204,  according  to  a  statement  made  in  the  Gen- 
tleman^ s  Magazine  of  March,  1814,  p.  214.,  was 
found  the  following  curious  prophecy.  The  mi- 
tred prophet  was  born  at  Paris  on  the  10th  of 
May,  1172:  — 

"When  these  my  prophecies  shall  be  found,  the  sun 
shall  shine  upon  my  native  Kingdom  of  France,  which  *t 
that  lime  shall  be  vinited  to  the  Lion,  viz.  the  King  of 
England,  and  shall  pluck  many  feathers  out  of  the 
Eagle's  wings,  which  shall  then  hold  her  glory,  but  will 
be  of  no^uration,  for  in  the  century  following  it  will 
prove  to  her  \itter  destruction ;  for  there  Avill  be  great 
shedding  of  blood  by  the  people  of  the  kingdom  ;  there 
shall  be  wars  and  fury  which  will  last  long ;  provinces 
divested  of  their  people,  and  kingdoms  in  combustion ; 
many  strongholds  and  noble  houses  shall  be  ruinated, 
and  "their  cities  and  towns  shall  be  forsaken  of  their  in- 
habitants, and  divers  places  their  ground  shall  be  un- 
tilled,  and  there  shall  be  great  slaughter  of  their  nobility ; 
their  sun  shall  be  darkened,  and  never  shine  forth  more, 
for  France  shall  be  desolate,  and  her  head  person  de- 
stroyed; and  there  shall  be  much  deceit  and  fraud 
among  her  inhabitants,  for  they  shall  judge  and  kill  one 
another,  whereupon  shall  ensue  the  aforesaid  great  confu- 
sion among  the  kingdoms.    And  near  this  time  there 


shall  be  great  mutations  and  changes  of  kings  arid  rulers  > 
for  the  right  hand  of  the  world  shall  fear  the  left,  and  the 
north  shall  prevail  over  the  south.  A  great  part  of  Italy 
shall  be  desolate,  but  Venice  shall  be  preserved.  Rome 
shall  be  burned  and  the  Popedom  destroyed,  and  Britain 
shall  rule  that  empire.  In  these  times,  a  mercurial  hero, 
a  son  of  the  Lion,  shall  inherit  the  crown  of  the  Fkur-de 
Lis  by  means  of  the  Kingdom  of  England.  He  shall  be 
a  lover  of  peace  and  justice,  and  not  swerve  from  the 
same,  and  by  his  means  the  nation's  religion  and  laws 
shall  have  an  admirable  change.  When  these  things 
come  to  pass  there  shall  be  a  firm  alliance  between  the 
Lion  and  the  Eagle,  and  they  shall  have  lived  in  peace 
between  themselves  long  times.  In  these  times  mortals, 
wearied  with  war,  shall  desire  peace.  And  all  tliese  my 
prophecies  shall  be  fulfilled  before  the  end  of  the  U'th 
century  from  the  time  of  our  Blessed  Saviour." 

I  would  feel  obliged  for  any  hints  towards  a  so- 
lution of  this  prophecy. 

T.  C.  Andehson, 
II.  M.'s  12th  Regt.,  Bengal  Army. 

Roast  Lohster, — Mandeville,  in  his  Fable  of  the 
Bees,  mentions  "  the  cries  of  lobsters  tied  to  a 
spit."  Is  there  any  extant  receipt  for  roasting  a 
lobster  ?  Dubius. 

"  Anatomy  of  Melancholy "  (Tegg,  London, 
1857.)  —  Democritus  Junior  aZzas  Burton,  apolo- 
gising for  the  title  of  his  able  and  learned  book, 
quotes  the  Anatomy  of  Wit,  by  Anthony  Zara, 
Pap.  Episc. ;  and  Democritus  Minor  (alias  un- 
known to  the  writer),  editor  of  this  edition,  quotes 
Anatomy  of  Popery  ;  Anatomy  of  Immortulity ;  and 
Anatomy  of  Antimony  (note,  p.  4.)  ;  but  omits 
authors'  names  or  authority :  so  in  this,  as  in 
many  other  cases,  I  turn  to  "  IST.  &  Q."  as  my  vade 
mecum. 

Query.  Should  not  Anatomy  of  Antimony  be 
Analysis  of  Antimony  ?  It  is  more  like  the  nature 
of  the  thing.  Geokge  Llotd» 

Discountenancing  Bills  of  Exchange.  —  In 
Strype's  Stow,  i.  Part  3.  p.  33.,  he  gives  an  ac- 
count of  Grocers'  Hall,  and  the  attacks  made  on 
the  Bank  of  England  when  first  established  there, 
and  quotes  a  passage  from  the  vindication  of  that 
establishment,  of  which  the  following  is  a  part :  — 

"So  far  from  obstructing  Trade,  that  they  had  very 
much  incouraged,  and  enlarged  it,  by  discountenancing 
foreign  and  inland  Bills  of  Exchange." 

Can  any  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  whe- 
ther this  word  was  ever  generally  used,  or  is  it  an 
error  of  the  transcriber  or  the  press  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Lieutenant-  General  Thomas  Pearce.  —  Sir  Ed- 
ward Lovett  Pearce,  as  I  stated  in  2"''  S.  viii.  28., 
was  buried  in  the  old  graveyard  of  Donnybrook 
in  the  year  1733.  There  also  was  subsequently 
interred  his  brother,  Lieutenant-General  Thomas 
Pearce,  who  had  displayed  great  courage  and  abi- 
lities in  Spain  and  Portugal,  and  who,  besides 
being  a  Privy  Councillor,  was  at   one  and   the 


2na  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


227 


same  time  governor,  mayor,  and  representative 
in  pailiameut  of  the  city  of  Limerick.  Ferrar 
thus  speaks  of  him  in  his  History  of  Limerick^ 
p.  83.:  — 

"  Lieutenant-General  Thomas  Pearce  was  Governor  of 
Limerick  in  the  year  172G.  He  had  various  disputes  with 
the  Conimoa  Council  and  citizens ;  after  a  very  contested 
election,  he  obtained  the  office  of  Maj-or,  and  was  at  once 
Governor,  Representative  in  Parliament,  and  Mayor  of 
tiie  city.  His  opponents  protested  against  the  legality 
of  the  election,  and  refused  to  deliver  him  the  regalia, 
nor  did  he  get  them  until  the  year  following,  when  they 
were  necessar}*  to  proclaim  the  accession  of  George  II." 

I  am  anxious  to  learn,  for  a  particular  purpose, 
whether  there  is  any  similar,  or  nearly  similar, 
case  upon  record.  Abhba. 

Ballop.  — In  a  skit  on  the  Rump,  printed  in  A 
Collection  of  Loyal  Songs,  Sfc.,  1731  (vol.  ii.  p.  57.), 
are  these  lines  :  — 

"  And  gouty  Master  Wallop 
Now  thinks  he  hath  tlie  ballop, 
But  though  he  trotted  to  the  Kump, 
He'll  run  away  a  gallop." 
What  is  ballop  ?  W.  C. 

Chaumont  Church.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
refer  me  to  an  account  of  the  ancient  church  of 
Chaumont,  Department  of  Upper  Marne,  France? 
Chaumont  lies  half-way  between  Basle  and  Paris, 
and  would  well  repay  the  trouble  of  a  visit  to  any 
student  in  ecclesiastical  architecture.  I  have  seen 
i&vf  such  interesting  specimens  of  the  pure  Deco- 
rated style.  K. 

John  Milton:  a  Latin  Poem  against. — Is  any- 
thing known  of  the  following  Latin  poem,  which 
I  have  seen  in  MS.  ?  — 

"  Iambus  in  irapurissimum  Nebulonem  Johannem  Mil- 
tonem  Parricidarura  et  Parricidii  Advocatum  a  Pttro 
Molinao." 

It  consists  of  about  24  lines.  Has  it  ever  ap- 
peared in  print  ?  Ituuriel. 

Glow-worm  Light. — Has  any  person  produced 
a  photographic  image  of  the  Cicindela  by  means 
of  its  own  light  ?  I  am  anxious  to  learn  whether 
the  Pyrosoma  Atlantica,  and  other  phosphorescent 
creatures,  yield  with  their  light  the  Actinic  ray  ? 

Septimus  Piesse. 
Cambridge  Latin  Plays.  —  Can  you  give  me  any 
information  regarding  the  authorship  of  the  fol- 
lowing Cambridge  Latin  plays  ?  also  the  date  of 
their  performance?  1.  Stoicus  Vapulans,  8vo., 
1648.  2.  Cancer,  8vo.,  1648.  3.  Simo,  4to.,  1652. 
(I  am  not  certain  whether  these  last  two  are  by 

'7,   Cambridge  authors.)    4.  Clytophon.    5.  Eiiribates. 

^\  6.  Parthenia.  7.  Zelotypus.  (MSS.  in  the  li- 
brary of  Emmanuel  College,  Cambridge.)  The 
MS.  copy  of  this  play  in  Emmanuel  College  library 
contains  the  names  of  the  performers.  The  fol- 
lowing are  a  few  of  the  names  :  —  Mr.  Rawlinson,  j 
Henchman,  Mr.  Grace,  Mr.   Clifton,  Gibson  et  I 


Stow,  Walton,  Ds.  Smith,  Ds.  Miller,  Ds.  Powell, 
Ds.  Maude,  Habersley,  Mr.  Taylour,  Jun.,  Samp- 
son, &c.,  &c.  A.  Z. 

Legends  of  Normandy  and  Brittany. — A  tourist 

I  would  be  glad  of  any  information  respecting  books 

I  in  which  legends  of  these  two  provinces  of  France 

may  be  found.     Neither  Nodier's  work  nor  Ray- 

I  mond  Bordeaux's  contain  any.  T.  W.  S. 

I       Publication  of  Banns. — Can  any  correspondent 
I  mention  a  church  in  which  the  banns  of  marriage 
are  still  published  after  the  Nicene  Creed,  as  is 
the  case  at  Whitwick  in  Leicestershire  ? 

P.  J.  F.  Gamillon. 

Nonjurors  and  Jacobites.  — Among  a  number  of 
books  sold  by  John  Marshall,  advertised  in  Bun- 
yan's  Heavenly  Footman,  1700,  is,  — 

"A  friendly  Conference  between  the  suffering  Saints  for 
Conscience  Sake  and  the  Jacobites  met  together  at  the 

Tavern,  particularly  R.  L.  A.  S.,  My  Lord  Bishop  of 

Salisbury  promised  to  be  so  by  King  James  when  he  re- 
turns, and  other  precious  ones  there  assembled  at  least  to 
consult  about  and  Read  Praj^ers  for  the  dethroning  the 
best  of  Kings  and  Restoration  of  the  worst." 

Can  anyone  refer  me  to  a  copy  of  this  book,  or 
inform  me  who  was  R.  L.  A.  S.,  or  whether  the 
prayers  read  were  printed  ?  These  inquiries  are 
peculiarly  interesting  to  anyone  employed  in  writ- 
ing a  history  of  the  Nonjurors.      George  OfroK. 

Rev.  Philip  Ridpath,  Sfc.  —  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  inform  me  of  the  descent,  parent- 
age, or  lineage  of  the  Rev.  Philip  Ridpath,  mi- 
nister of  Hutton  in  Berwickshire,  author  of  a 
translation  J)e  Consolat.  Philosoph.,  by  An.  Man. 
Severin.  Boethius,  Lond.  1785  'f*  Did  he  belong 
to  the  ancient  family  of  Ridpath,  of  Ridpath  in 
Lammermoor  ?  Any  particulars  relating  to  him, 
or  his  brother  the  Rev.  George  Ridpath,  minister 
of  Stitchill  in  Roxburghshire,  author  of  the  Border 
Hislo7-y,  will  be  acceptable  to  me,  as  well  as  to 
others  of  your  readers.  I  believe  Philip  left  no 
family,  but  whether  his  brother  George  had  issue 
I  have  yet  to  learn.  It  has  been  told  me  that  the 
widow  of  the  minister  of  Hutton  died  at  Eye- 
mouth of  spontaneous  combustion.  Menyanthes. 
Chirnside. 

Bradstreet  Pedigree.  —  Will  any  Transatlantic 
correspondent  obligingly  transcribe  and  forward 
me  (direct  by  post)  the  pedigree  of  the  Bradstreet 
family,  as  given  in  the  New  England  Historical 
and  Genealogical  Register,  vol.  viii.  p.  312.,  a 
favour  which  I  should  gladly  return  in  any  similar 
way  (in  my  power)  which  he  might  suggest. 

Probably  the  work  named  is  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum Library. 

I  want  to  find  who  were  the  father  and  mother 

*  He  was  ordained  minister  on  May  3,  1759,  and  died 
on  May  18,  1788,  in  the  thirtieth  year' of  his  ministry. 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59. 


(especially)  of  Major-General  John  Bradstreet, 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  St.  John's,  Newfound- 
land (1746).  He  is  mentioned  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2^'^ 
S.  iii.  396.  Any  aid  in  this  research  will  greatly 
oblige  John  Ribton  Gakstin. 

Merrion  Street,  Dublin. 

Two  Kings  of  Brentford.  —  There  is  a  legend 
relating  to  "  Two  Kings  of  Brentford"  with  which 
no  doubt  some  of  the  readers  of  your  most  excel- 
lent work  are  familiar  :  it  would  confer  a  favour 
on  one  of  your  earliest  subscribers  by  giving  an 
epitome  of  it,  or  directing  me  to  what  book  or  other 
authority  to  refer  for  its  history.*     J.  B.  Hatnes. 

Abigail  Hill  {Lady  Masham).  —  There  is  a 
work  in  which  the  date  of  the  birth,  marriage  and 
death  f  of  Abigail  Hill  is  recorded.  Will  any  of 
.your  correspondents  oblige  me  with  the  title  ? 

H.  D'AVENEY. 

Cardinal  Wolsey.  —  As  everything  connected 
with  the  great  and  good  Cardinal  Wolsey  must  be 
an  object  of  interest  to  every  real  Christian,  per- 
haps you  will  be  kind  enough  to  give  insertion  to 
the  following  Query. 

Is  it  the  fact  that  this  pious  and  learned  priest 
was  ever  chaplain  to  Sir  John  Nanfan  at  Morton 
Court,  Worcestershire,  which  fine  baronial  seat, 
after  belonging  for  many  years  to  the  family  of 
Coote,  Earls  of  Bellamont,  is  now  the  property  of 
John  Cam  Thackwell,  Esq.,  D.L.,  and  magistrate 
for  Gloucestershire  and  Worcestershire,  nephew 
of  the  late  General  Sir  Joseph  Thackwell,  G.C.B.? 
Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  how  long 
Cardinal  AVolsey  was  an  inmate  of  Morton  Court? 
and  who  is  the  representative  of  the  ancient  Corn- 
wall family  of  Nanfan  ?  Abmiqer. 


Heralds'  Visitation  :  Assumption  of  Arms.  — 
Will  some  one  skilled  in  heraldic  lore  kindly  give 
me  the  date  of  the  last  Heralds'  Visitation  in 
Britain,  and  tell  me  whether  it  extended  to  all 
cornel's  of  the  kingdom  ? 

In  a  country  churchyard  near  the  Border  there 
exists  a  tombstone  bearing  a  sculptured  coat  of 
arms.  The  head  of  the  house  "departed  this  life 
in  1721,  aged  60,  and  his  spouse  in  1760,  at  the 
age  of  90  years."  The  tombstone  appears  to  have 
been  erected  shortly  after  the  date  first  men- 
tioned. 

I  desire  to  know  whether  the  coat  of  arms  so 


[*  We  have  never  met  with  the  legend;  but  the  two 
Kings  of  Brentford  who  figure  in  TTie  Rehearsal,  by  Vil- 
liers,  Duke  of  Buckingham,  are  probably  well-known. 
See  "is'.  &  Q.,"  1^'  S.  iv.  3G9.— Ed.] 

[t  Lad  J'  Masham  died  at  an  advanced  age  on  Dec.  6. 
1734.— Ed.] 


sculptured  must  necessarily  have  belonged  of 
right  to  the  family?  Or,  was  there  in  1720-30 
the  same  laxity  in  the  use  of  heraldic  bearings  as 
there  is  in  the  present  day  ?  Would  a  man  who 
then  ventured  to  use  arms  to  which  he  was  not 
legally  entitled  have  been  guilty  of  a  punishable 
offence  ?  Hopewell. 

[The  two  last  Visitations  would  appear  to  have  been 
those  of  Hampshire  in  1686,  and  London  in  1687.  Divers 
others  were  taken  a.d.  1681-4,  which  are  to  be  found 
only  in  the  College  of  Arms.  Our  correspondent  having 
omitted  to  furnish  us  with  the  name  of  the  family,  and 
the  bearing  in  question,  we  are  unable  to  reply  to  the 
latter  portion  of  his  Querj'.] 

Inscription  on  a  Ring. — I  find  in  an  old  MS. 
note  here  the  following  :  — 

"  Inscription  on  an  ancient  gold  ring  found  at  Wid- 
dington,  1771 : 

"  +•  debaicecvidesvitaani" 
Can  any  of  your  correspondents  explain  this 
inscription,  which  I  have  copied  exactly  ?  or  in- 
form me  if  this  ring  is  still  in  existence  in  any 
collection,  or  elsewhere  ? 

Widdington  is  five  or  six  miles  distant  from 
this  place.  Bbatbrooke. 

Audley  End,  Essex. 

[The  inscription  being  on  a  ring,  we  are  inclined  to 
suspect  that  its  two  ends  meet ;  and  we  w^ould  accordingly 
suggest  in  the  first  place  that  the  cross  and  full  stop, 
which  stand  at  the  commencement  of  the  line,  might  be 
more  properly  viewed  as  its  termination.  The  inscrip- 
tion will  then  run  thus :  — 

"  DEBAICECVIDESVITAANI  -{-." 

The  C,  which  occurs  twice,  we  take  as  an  old  and  not 
very  unusual  form  of  S.  The  fourth  character,  j^.  (Gr. 
lambda),  stands  occasionally  in  old  inscriptions  for  L. 
("^.  Grsecum  pro  L.  occurrit  in  aliquot  vett.  Inscript."' 
Du  Cange.)  The  AA  towards  the  close  of  the  line  may 
be  read  M  (as  VV  often  for  W).  With  these  explana- 
tions the  line  becomes ;  — 

"  PEBLISESVIDESVITMNI  +." 

But  the  last  two  letters,  NI,  are  a  not  infrequent 
Roman  contraction  for  Nomine  Ipsius;  or  they  may  be- 
Nomine  Jesu.  (The  former  explanation  we  prefer,  /or  a 
reason  which  will  appear  presently.)  Substituting,  then, 
two  entire  words  for  the  initials  Nl,  and  also  introducing 
in  Italics,  for  the  completion  of  two  other  words,  two 
vowels  that  are  deficient,  we  have 

"  DEBrLISESVIDESVIT//MN0iV//A'^EIP5'/£/5  +•" 

That  is, 

"  Debilis  es ;  vides  vitam  nomine  ipsius  + ." 

Or, 

"  Debilis  es  ?  vides  vitam  nomine  ipsius  + ." 

The  cross  at  the  end  piously  indicating  in  Whose 
name  we  are  to  see  life;  and  the  "vitam  [in]  nomine 
ipsius"  being  doubtless  suggested  by  the  Vulg.  version 
of  John  XX.  31.,  ^^  vitam  habeatis  in  nomine  ejus."  Ac- 
cording to  this  view  the  sense  would  be :  "  Feeble  though 
thou  art,  thou  hast  the  prospect  of  a  better  life  in  Him  who 
died  for  thee  on  the  cross." 

One  would  wish,  were  that  possible,  to  see  the  inscrip- 
tion as  it  stands  or  stood  on  the  ring  itself;  for  there  seems 
reason  for  suspecting  that  the  character  which  we  have 


2°<i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


229 


taken  as  the  S  in  VIDES  is  in  reality  some  old-fashioned 
contraction,  a  word  crumpled  up  which  might  somewhat 
vary  the  sense.  For  instance,  the  true  reading  might 
be,  — 

"  Debilis  es ;  vide  tamen  vitam  nomine  ipsius  + ." 

Of  course,  however,  this  is  only  conjecture. 

In  the  first  six  letters  of  this  posy  (Deblis),  we  may 
possibly  detect  some  traces  of  the  party  to  whom  the  ring 
belonged.  "  Debiles  personse"  were  persons  who,  through 
bodily  or  mental  infirmity,  were  incapable  of  managing 
their  own  affairs.  The  purport  then  might  be;  "True, 
thou  art  debilis,  thou  canst  not  help  thyself  or  take  care 
of  thyself;  yet  know  that  in  Him  who  died  for  thee  thou 
hast  the  prospect  of  a  better  life  hereafter :"  on  which 
supposition  the  ring  may  have  been  affection's  gift  to  the 
sufferer ;  and  let  us  hope  it  was  not  worn  as  a  mere  charm 
or  amulet,  as  similar  articles  often  were. 

But  if,  as  frequently  was  the  case,  the  posy  contains  a 
verbal  reference  to  the  owner's  name,  Deblis  may  be  a 
quaint  allusion  to  the  old  name  De  Bles  =  De  Blois,  which 
we  think  very  probable.  Cf.  "  Henricus  de  Bles,"  a  pain- 
ter ;  "  Joannes  de  Blesis,"  alias  J.  de  Blois ;  and  "  Blesum 
Castrum,"  the  town  of  Blois.  The  nearest  equivalents  in 
modern  English  to  the  old  "  de  Bles,"  or  "  de  Blois,"  ap- 
pear to  be  the  not  very  unusual  surnames  "  Bliss,"  "  Bligh," 
«  Deeble,"  "  Dibble."] 

Leese :  Lance?s.  —  I  should  be  glad  to  know  at 
what  period,  and  by  what  authority,  the  word 
leese  was  altered  into  lose  in  the  authorised  ver- 
sion of  1  Kings  xviii.  5. ;  and  lancers  into  lancets  in 
verse  28  of  the  same  chapter  ?  I  find  the  anti- 
quated forms  still  standing  in  an  Oxford  edition 
(Basket),  a.d.  1727;  and  in  all  the  preceding 
editions  to  which  I  have  access.  If  these  were 
Dr.  Blayney's  or  mere  printers'  corrections,  they 
were  surely  somewhat  adventurous. 

C.  W.  Bingham. 

[The  Holy  Bible  appointed  bj'  Royal  Authority  is 
National  property  —  nor  ought  a  word  to  be  altered  ex- 
cept by  the  same  authority.  It  has,  however,  been  fre- 
quently altered  and  improved  by  persons  who  have 
produced  no  such  authority.  If  these  alterations  have 
been  sanctioned  by  the  University  and  King's  Printers 
in  Bibles  to  be  read  in  Churches,  all  editions  have  usually 
followed  them.  The  word  "  leese  "  was  altered  to  "  lose  " 
in  Bentham's  Cambridge  edition,  large  4to.,  1762;  and 
in  Baskerville's  Cambridge  royal  folio,  1763.  The  word 
"  lancers  "  was  altered  to  ,"  lancets  "  in  John  Basket's 
London  4to.,  1716 ;  but  restored  to  "  lancers  "  in  his  sub- 
sequent editions.  Blayney,  Oxford,  1769,  has  adopted 
"  lose  "  and  "  lancets,"  which  has  been  followed  from  that 
time.  Much  greater  care  is  now,  and  has  been  for  some 
years,  taken  by  the  Universities  and  the  King's  Printer 
with  regard  to  the  accuracy  of  the  text,  than  was  formerly 
the  case.  —  Geoege  Offob.] 

"Pull  Garlich."  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  in- 
form me  why  a  person  submitting  tamely  to  ill- 
treatment  is  said  to  "  pull  garlick  ?  "  whence  the 
expression  "pill-garlick"  for  a  souffre-doulenr. 

H.  W. 

[We  are  informed  by  a  friend  learned  in  the  vernacu- 
lar of  Wales,  that  to  make  a  person  ""pull  his  leek  "  is 
equivalent  in  the  Principality  to  making  him  "eat  his 
leek."  This  may  throw  some  light  on  the  saying  "  to 
pull  garlick"  in  the  sense  now  indicated  by  H.  W.  We 
think,  however,  it  was  sufficiently  shown  by  our  corre- 


j  spondents  in  l'«  S.  iii.  42.  74.  150.,  that  by  fii7-garlick  we 
I  are  to  understand  one  who  peels  garlick.  "  Filled-  garlick," 
indeed,  was  one  whose  hair  had  fallen  off  through  disease, 
as  is  clear  from  a  citation  in  Todd's  Johnson.  But  for 
j9!7  garlick,  a  servile  person  -who  peels  garlick,  see  the  lines 
of  Skelton,  1"  S.  iii.  74.,  where  the  pyllers  of  garlyek  are 
classed  with  those  who  cary  sackes  to  the  myll,  with 
thosd  Avho  shyll  pescoddes,  and  with  those  who  rost  a 
stone. 

The  term  pil-garlick,  as  we  now  hear  it  occasionally 
used  in  conversation,  has  this  peculiarity,  that  it  not  only 
signifies,  in  a  general  sense,  one  who  has  suffered  ill- 
treatment,  but,  specially,  one  who  has  been  abandoned  by 
others,  and  left  in  the  lurch  ("a  ■poor  forsaken  wretch," 
Todd's  Johnson') ;  the  speaker,  the  party  who  uses  the  term, 
being  himself  the  forsaken  sufferer,  the  pil-garlick.  "  At 
first  I  was  well  Unpported ;  but  in  the  end  all  my  backers- 
up  proved  to  be  backers-out,  and  so  poor  pil-garlick  was 
left  in  the  lurch,"  The  "poor  pil-garlick"  of  this  mo- 
nody is  evidently  no  other  than  the  speaker  himself. 

Garlick  of  necessity  isolates.  The  Greeks  forbad  those 
who  had  eaten  garlick  to  enter  their  temples.  But,  con-- 
nected  with  our  mediaeval  therapeutics,  there  was  a  pecu- 
liar case,  in  which  those  who  had  to  do  with  garlick 
were  placed  in  a  state  of  isolation.  The  leprosy  was  a 
common  disease ;  lepers  were  shunned,  they  dwelt  apart ; 
and  a  prime  specific  for  leprosj'  was  garlick.  "  Macules 
et  nsevos,  scabriciem  cutis,  scabiem,  lepras  et  porriginem 
capitis  emendat,"  Brunfels,  Herbarium,  1540,  p.  135.  "  It 
is  also  good  against  the  foule  white  scurffe,  leprie,  and 
running  ulcers  of  the  head,  and  all  other  manginesse, 
pound  with  oyle  and  salt,  and  laid  thereon,"  Dodoen, 
I  New  Herbal,  by  H.  Lyte,  1619,  p.  458.  May  we  not  in- 
I  fer,  then,  that  the  "  poor  pil-garlick,"  forsaken  by  all  men, 
j  and  left  in  the  lurch,  was  originally  the  hapless  leper, 
i  who  peeled  his  own  garlick,  to  be  "  pound  with  oyle  and 
salt "  as  a  poultice  for  his  own  cuticle,  and  who  was  thus 
doubly  cut  off  from  the  society  of  other  humans,  first  by 
his  malady,  and  secondly  by  his  remedy?  In  Latin  the 
word  itself,  allium,  garlick,  is  supposed  to  be  derived 
from  the  Gr.  a\ia,  to  keep  one's  distance ;  and  as  far  back 
as  the  time  of  Moses  the  leper  was  required  to  "dwell 
alone."    Lev.  xiii.  46.   ' 

Qu.  Might  we  not  derive  L.  scortum  ("cujus  etym. 
multum  vexatur  ")  from  the  Gr.  a-KopSov,  short  for  a-KopoSov, 
garlick ?     Cf.  the  Fr.  putain  from  It.  putire.'] 

Mr.  John  Coleman. — What  circumstance  is  re- 
ferred to  in  the  following  ?  — 

"  Married,  in  London  [April  28,  1791],  Mr,  John  Cole- 
man, of  Berkeley  Square,  to  Miss  Porter  of  St,  James's 
Street;  and  thus  Mr.  Coleman  is  rewarded  for  having 
brought  the  monster  to  punishment  by  the  lady  wiiose 
cause  he  so  gallantly  espoused." 

Uneda. 

Philadelphia. 

[During  the  months  of  May  and  June,  1790,  the  streets 
of  the  metropolis  were  infested  by  a  villain  of  the  name  of 
Renwick  Williams,  commonly  called  The  Monster,  whose 
practice  it  was  to  follow  some  well-dressed  lady,  and 
after  using  gross  language,  to  give  her  a  cut  with  a  sharp 
instrument  he  held  concealed  in  his  hand,  either  through, 
her  stays  or  through  her  petticoats.  Eventually  he  was 
captured  by  Mr.  Coleman,  whose  friend  Miss  Porter  had 
been  assaulted  by  Williams.  The  Monster  was  convicted 
for  an  assault  and  battery,  and  sentenced  to  six  years' 
imprisonment.  —  Annual  liegister,  xxxii.  207.  223.  226. 
264,] 

"  Itacism."  —  I  shall  feel  obliged  if  any  of  your 
readers  will  kindly  inform  me  the  derivation  of 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"»  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59. 


the  word  itacism.  It  occurs  several  times  in  the 
review  of  the  edition  of  the  Vatican  manuscript 
of  the  New  Testament,  by  the  late  Cardinal  Mai, 
in  the  last  number  of  Titan.  The  meaning  of  the 
word  appears  to  be  interchange  of  vowels  —  such 
as  a  for  e,  o  for  o,  &c. ;  but  1  have  not  been, able 
to  discover  its  derivation.  E.  D.  K. 

\_Itacisin.  originally  signified  the  pronunciation  of  tlie 
<5reek  rj  as  t,  so  that  eta  became  ita.  This  mode  of  pro- 
nunciation is  now  stated  to  have  been  for  some  j'ears 
publicly  adopted  in  France.  If  we  rightlj'  understand,  it 
hrings  the  French  pronunciation  of  eta  to  ours,  that  of  ee 
in  peel.  Otherwise,  the  continental  pronunciation  of  eta 
is  that  of  a  in  liare.  But  farther,  and  in  a  more  extended 
sense,  itacism  is  the  faultj'  substitutionn^  ij  for  ot,  ei,  i, 
V,  or  of  these  for  that.  It  appears  from  our  correspon- 
dent's communication  that,  in  the  publication  to  which 
he  refers,  itacism  is  used  in  a  meaning  still  more  com- 
prehensive.! 

Filleroy.  —  "  He  showed  me  a  little  square 
building  surmounted  with  filleroy."  {Connoisseur, 
No.  33.)     What  was  this  ?  Dubius. 

[On  a  careful  reference  to  three  editions  of  the  Connois- 
seur, namely,  1.  the  editio  princeps,  fo.  1755 ;  2.  edit.  1788 
•(vol.  vi.  of  Harrison's  British  Classicks') ;  and  3.  edit. 
1823  (vol.  XXV.  of  Chalmers's  British  Essai/ists')  ;  we  find 
that  the  "  little  square  building  "  in  the  citizen's  garden 
was  "  sitrrounded  with  fiileroj',"  not  "  surmounted"  with  it. 
The  filleroy,  which  surrounded  the  said  little  building  (or 
"temple"')  was phillerei/,  'L. phyUeria  ox pliyllyrhaa,  Fr. Jilaria 
or  philaria, —  commonly  chilled  mock  privet.  "  Ph3'lleria, 
phillerey,  the  name  of  a  genus  of  plants,"  Suppt.  to  Cham- 
bers, Cyclop.,  1753  ;  "  Phillyria,  mock  privet,"  Webster ; 
"  Filaria,  mock  privet  ....  toujours  vert,"  Flem.  &  Tibb. 
Both  the  mock  privet  and  the  privet  proper,  from  the 
density  of  their  foliage,  are  peculiarly  available  for  sur- 
rounding such  "  little  buildings  "  as  tliat  in  question,  and 
accordingly  one  constantly  sees  them  so  emploj-ed  in 
rustic  gardens.  The  evergreen  sorts  are  evidently  the 
best,  as  they  answer  their  purpose  in  winter  as  well  as 
summer.] 


ZACHARY   BOTD. 

(2°*  S.  viii.  10.) 

In  reply  to  J.  O.  it  certainly  would  have  been 
to  me  a  source  of  much  pleasure  to  have  furnished 
him  with  "  any  precise  information  regarding  the 
dates  and  peculiarities  of  the  several  editions  of 
*'  The  Psalmes  of  David  in  Meeter,  by  the  INlinis- 
ter  of  the  Baronie  Churcb,"  Mr.  Zachary  Boyd,  if 
I  had  been  so  qualified;  but  I  fear  to  be  able  only 
in  a  very  inadequate  manner  to  respond  to  his 
inquiries,  and  particularly  to  a  con*espondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  who  has  formerly  shown  himself  so 
enlightened  in  curious  old  "  Bokes." 

As  the  result  of  some  '■^diggings  in  this  old 
field,"  perhaps  it  may  not  be  thought  altogether 
egotistical  in  me  to  state  that  as  a  kind  of  "labour 
of  love"  to  the  memory  of  a  neglected  Author  so 
much  respected  amongst  us,  I  edited  in  1831,  for 
subscribers,  a  fac-simile  reprint  of  300  copies. 


Glasgow,  Svo.,  pp.  476  of  his  "Last  Battellof  the 
Sovle  in  Death,  Printed  at  Edinburgh  by  the 
Heires  of  Andro  Hart,  1629,"  a  most  original,  va- 
luable volume  of  1336  pages,  which  had  become 
so  scarce  as  to  be  on  the  eve  of  being  lost  to  the 
world.  To  the  new  edition  I  prefixed  a  Biogra- 
phical Sketch  of  the  Author,  with  some  Account 
of  his  Printed  Works,  prose  and  poetical,  and  a 
detailed  Catalogue  of  his  large  collection  of  MSS., 
as  deposited  in  the  Library  of  the  University  of 
Glasgow,  together  pp.  xlviii.  In  1831  little  was 
known  of  the  author,  except  through  some  scat- 
tered, incidental  notices,  and  nothing  almost  of  his 
MS.  works.  The  former,  along  with  new  facts 
and  information  progressively  picked  up,  I 
wrought  into  a  more  accurate  and  complete  bio- 
graphical chain  than  in  1831,  and  at  a  leisure  mo- 
ment, in  1855,  published  them  in  400  copies,  fcap. 
4to.,  Glasgow,  Printed  by  George  Richardson,  in- 
cluding "  Four  Poems  from  Zioti's  Flowers,^'  (his 
so-called  "Bible"),  edited  froni  his  MS.  in  the 
University  of  Glasgow,  in  whole  pp.  255.  The 
author  has  now,  in  some  degree,  been  restored  to 
society,  and  it  affords  me  occasionally  much  satis- 
faction to  observe  that  in  several  literary  produc- 
tions of  modern  times,  he  has  obtained  a  place 
among  other  celebrated  men  of  his  age.  It  is  to 
be  hoped  that  the  Faculty  of  the  University  will 
do  him  more  justice  than  he  has  hitherto  received, 
by  the  printing  of  his  "  Workes,"  for  which  he 
bequeathed  funds  to  be  appropriated  to  that  pur- 
pose, never  applied,  so  far  as  has  yet  been  dis- 
covered ;  and  for  the  Documents  connected  with 
this  mysterious  subject,  see  the  vjorh  last  above  re- 
f erred  to,  pp.  22 — 28  of  "Introduction,"  and  "Ap- 
pendix," pp.  xxiii. — XXX. 

In  relation  to  the  "Psalmes"  in  question,  I 
heard,  in  1831,  that  he  had  published  three  or 
four  editions  of  a  metrical  version,  but  from  the 
extreme  rarity  of  his  printed  books  the  difficulty 
was  to  find  any  copy  of  his  Psalter :  I,  however, 
succeeded  at  last  in  obtaining  one  which  was  ge- 
nerally believed  to  be  the  third  edition  (and  as 
such  inserted  N°  17  in  List  of  his  Printed  \Vo7-ks), 
12mo.,  Glasgow,  1646,  from  which,  in  the  reprint 
first  above  named  at  p.  xliv.,  I  gave  a  few  speci- 
mens of  the  Psalms,  and  also  of  "  The  Songs  of 
the  Old  and  New  Testament."  The  two  editions 
of  his  Psalter,  said  to  have  been  previous  to  1646, 
I  have  never  been  so  fortunate  as  to  see ;  nor  are 
they  noted  by  the  Kev.  H.  Cotton,  or  any  other 
bibliographer  whom  I  have  happened  to  examine. 
Indeed,  from  the  topic  having  to  some  extent 
worn  out  of  memory,  I  have  only  lately  had  an 
opportunity  of  consulting  the  edition  of  1648, 
with  "  the  Prose  interlined,"  quoted  by  J.  O., 
which  latter  I'think  to  be  a  peculiarity  not.  of  the 
1646  edition.  This  of  1648  may  doubtlessly  be 
concluded  upon  as  the  final  and  crowning  work 
"  of  the  travclls  of  Mr.  Zachary  in  this  line,"  ac- 


2°^  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


cording  to  his  own  declaration,  "  whereof  I  give  to 
you  now  this  last  edition."  He  demitted  all  his 
labours,  as  indicated  by  a  MS.  Note  of  his,  on 
'■'■  Qrd  March,  1653.  Heere  the  Author  loas  neere 
his  end  and  was  able  to  doe  no  more."  It  may  now 
be  regarded  as  a  pretty  well  ascertained  fact,  as  to 
which  formerly  there  were  many  conjectures,  that 
he  was  born  in  1585,  and  died  towards  the  end  of 
March,  or  in  the  early  part  of  April,  1653.  The 
poetical  afflatus  had  more  specially  descended 
upon  him  within  the  last  twelve  years  or  so  of  his 
life. 

In  "The  Epistle  Dedicatory"  of  the  Psalms 
"  To  the  right  Reverend,  thefaithfull  Ministers  of 
God's  Word  of  Britain  and^Ireland.  From  Glas- 
gow, 1648,  your  humble  servant  in  the  Lord,  M. 
Zachary  Boyd,"  we  are  informed  "  At  the  direc- 
tion of  the  Generall  Assembly,  A?mo  1644,  I  put 
my  hand  to  the  work  of  the  Psalmes,"  so  that  it 
would  appear  in  the  course  of  four  years  he  had 
diligently  tasked  himself  in  putting  forth  four  edi- 
tions "for  the  publike  service  of  God  in  his 
Church."  These,  like  others  of  his  printed  books, 
had  probably  been  so  much  appreciated  as  to  be 
bought  greedily  and  read  to  tatters,  and  to  such  a 
cause  may  be  imputed  the  present  scarcity  of  the 
first  two  editions,  and  also  that  of  Ihe  last  two. 
The  1646  was  in  all  likelihood  the  competing 
edition  he  had  before  the  Assembly,  as  by  their 
Minute,  dated  11  Feb.  1647,  "The  Commission 
appoynts  a  letter  of  encouragement  to  be  written 
to  Mr.  Zechariah  Boyd  for  his  paines  in  his  Para- 
phrase of  the  Psalmes,  shewing  that  they  have 
sent  them  to  their  Commissioners  at  London  to  be 
considered  and  made  use  of  there  by  those  that 
are  upon  the  same  work."  These  Commissioners 
may  also  have  had  the  "use"  of  the  1648  edition, 
as  the  author  had  time  to  prepare  it  before  the 
close  of  their  labours  in  1650.  I  think  every 
circumstance  sufficiently  weighed  in  reference  to 
his  version,  the  author,  and  his  auxiliary  friends, 
that  they  were  all  somewhat  harshly  treated  by 
Principal  Baillie*,  who,  perhaps,  as  in  some  others 
of  his  opinions  on  affairs,  in  the  heat  of  his  en- 
thusiasm had  overrated  himself.  Hear  the  simple 
explanations  of  Mr.  Zachary,  in  1648,  and  so  dis- 
interested that  few  authors  can  speak  in  the  same 
tenour  :  "  I  desire  that  no  man  esteem  that  in  a 
mercenary  way  I  am  seeking  gain  by  those  my 
labours,  though  the  work  hath  been  both  painfull 
and  chargeable.  I  with  a  most  willing  mind 
offer  all  in  a  free  will  offering  to  the  Lord  ;  seek 
gaines  who  will,  I  will  have  none,  nor  do  I  stand 
in  need,  praised  bee  the  Lord.  I  hope  the  judi- 
cious reader  shall  finde  this  last  mended  in  many 

*  He  was  a  remarkably  learned,  able  servant  of  the 
Church,  and  an  intimate  friend  of  Mr.  Zachary,  but  took 
to  his  heels  when  Cromwell  came  to  Glasgow,  while  the 
latter  remained  firm  to  his  ministerial  post,  and  bravely 
faced  and  repritnanded  the  invader  of  the  city. 


things.  If  any  thing  hath  been  observed  by  any 
in  the  former  editions,  let  them  consider  it,  if  it 
bee  mended  in  this  last,  which  as  I  have  hitherto 
done,  I  submit  in  all  humility  to  the  judgement  of 
my  Brethren  in  the  Ministry.  TAe  Spiiits  of  the 
Prophets  are  subject  to  the  Prophets,  1  Cor.  14.  32." 
Rather  curiously  in  the  copy  before  me  there 
are  in  several  places  rifacimenti  of  the  metres 
printed  on  small  slips  of  paper  pasted  over  the 
former  readings  (a  practice  he  adopted  also  in  his 
MS.  works),  in  which  remaking,  in  his  own  idea, 
he  had  striven  even  for  greater  improvement. 
There  are  also  on  the  face  of  the  print  numerous 
pen  and  ink  emendations  in  an  old  hand,  those 
likely  of  some  clerical  brother  who  had  carefully 
"considered"  the  version  agreeably  to  the  au- 
thor's advice.  From  the  version  authorised  by 
the  Assembly,  in  1650,  his  did  not  carry  the  day; 
but  he  had  the  honour  of  sharing  in  a  Minute  by 
the  Commissioners  of  the  Assembl3',  "  how  usefull 
their  travells  have  been  in  the  correcting  of  the 
Old  Paraphrase  of  the  Psalmes,  and  in  compiling 
the  New,  Doe  therefore  returne  their  heartie 
thanks  for  these  their  labours,"  &c. 

With  an  equal  zeal  he  had  employed  much  of 
his  attention  in  a  metrical  translation  of  the  "Holy 
Songs  of  the  Old  and  New  Testament."  The 
first  edition  of  them  which  I  find,  is  "  Printed  at 
Glasgow  by  George  Anderson,  1648  (forming  the 
last  part  of  the  2nd  vol.  8vo.  of  the  "Garden  of 
Zion,"  by  the  same  printer,  and  dated  a  year 
earlier),  which  he  dedicated  to  the  "  Royall  Lady 
Mary,  his  Majesties  Elder  Daughter,  Princessc  of 
Orange."     "  To  the  Reader,"  he  says  :  — 

"  I  as  yet  have  known  none  that  in  poesie  hath  turned 
all  the  Songs  of  Scripture,  except  llieodore  Bezc,  who 
hath  done  it  very  accurately  in  the  French  tongue.  If 
the  So7ig  of  Songs,  and  the  Songs  of  J}Ioses,  DehoraJi, 
Hannah,  Ezehiah,  Mary,  Simeon,  and  Zechariah,  and 
divers  others,  be  so  heavenly  as  all  maj'  see,  it  were  to  be 
wished  that  in  the  Church  tliey  had  place  to  be  sung  with 
the  Psalmes  of  David,  unto  the  which  they  are  not  in- 
feriour." 

He  published  them  also  with  his  Psalms  in 
1646,  and  in  the  subsequent  edition,  dated  "From 
Glasgow,  27  of  February,  1648,"  in  an  Address 
"  To  the  right  Reverend  the  faithfuU  Ministers  of 
God's  AVord  of  the  Church  of  Scotland"  he  notices 
"  That  it  pleased  You  in  the  Generall  Assembly  last,  at 
Edinburgh,  Anno  1647,  to  take  to  your  consideration  the 
great  utility  the  Church  of  God  may  have  by  the  Songs 
contained  in  Holy  Scriptures.  After  due  deliberation,  it 
pleased  You  to  ordain  that  I  should  labour  in  that  work : 
In  obedience  to  Yon,  I  have  endeavoured  to  come  as  neer 
to  the  Text  as  was  possible  for  me  to  do.  And  those  my 
labours,  I  in  all  humility  offer  to  be  considered,"  &c. 

And  in  conformity  to  his  statement  in  the  pre- 
ceding, the  Assembly,  by  a  Minute  of  28th  Aug., 
same  year,  "doth  further  recommend  that  Mr. 
Zachary  Boyd  be  at  the  paines  to  translate  the 
other  Scripturall  Songs  in  meeter,  and  to  report 
his  iravells  also  to  the  Commissioners  of  the  As- 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2»*  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59. 


sembly."  Again,  on  10th  Aug.  1648,  "The  As- 
sembly recommends  to  Mr.  John  Adamson  and 
Mr.  Thomas  Craufurd,  to  revise  the  labours  of 
Mr.  Zachary  Boyd  upon  the  other  Scripturall 
Songs."  We  hear  no  more  of  the  subject,  till  in 
this,  as  in  respect  to  the  Psalms,  he  is  thanked  by 
the  Assembly,  in  the  Minute  of  1650,  above  cited. 
Were  it  not  that  the  author  has  been  so  distinct 
in  the  Preface  to  the  edition  of  his  Psalms  in 
1648,  in  adverting  to  '■''former  editions"  of  them, 
so  as  almost  to  preclude  our  conjecture,  I  have 
sometimes  been  tempted  to  think  that,  by  a  possi- 
bility, through  a  certain  loose  form  of  expressing 
himself,  he  may  have  meant  to  include  as  his 
Psalms  the  two  editions  of  the  Holy  Songs  of 
1645  and  of  1646,  and  that  the  latter  may  have 
led  to  the  supposition  held  of  there  being  two  edi- 
tions of  the  Psalms  previous  to  1646.  It  will  be 
observed,  moreover,  that  he  held  these  Songs  in 
as  high  estimation  as  the  Psalms  of  David. 

With  regard  to  peculiarities  in  his  metrical  ren- 
derings of  both  the  Psalms  and  the  Songs,  there 
will  be  seen,  on  comparing  the  two  different  edi- 
tions mentioned,  as  he  went  along,  considerable 
variations.  Whether  that  one  class  of  them  was 
more  happy  than  another,  he  had  at  least  thought 
so.  The  rules  by  which  he  had  tied  himself  down 
may  here  be  slightly  abridged  from  the  "  Epistle 
Dedicatory"  of  1648,  and  which  are  now  so  pre- 
cious and  interesting  to  be  perused. 

"  First.  That  the  interpretation  approven  and  received 
by  our  Church  be  not  changed  in  the  verse  by  any  par- 
ticular man's  *  opinion,  &c.  Secondly.  That  all  difficile 
words  be  shunned,  by  reason  that  many  people  and  chil- 
dren must  sing  that  are  unlearned.  Thirdly.  That  so  far 
as  is  possible  no  words  of  the  Text  be  wanting,  for  in  the 
Text  there  be  no  idle  words,  or  superfluities  to  be  re- 
trinched  as  in  men's  discourse.  Fourthly.  If  any  words 
be  added,  that  they  be  pertinent  to  make  the  sense  clear, 
&c.  Fifthly.  A  special  care  would  be  had  that  the  verse 
be  very  clear,  and  easie  to  be  understood  by  the  most 
ignorant,  that  unlearned  people  and  children  may,  as 
God's  Word  directs,  Psalm  47.  7.  Sing  with  understanding. 
It  is  better  pertinently  to  adde  some  words  for  explication, 
as  we  see  done  in  the  Text  itself,  then  without  them  to 
leave  the  matter  so  obscure  that  the  people  and  children 
should  sing  they  know  not  what  .  .  .  Saint  Paul  is  a 
great  enemie  to  obscurity,  and  all  faithfull  Pastours  must 
and  will  set  their  face  against  it  in  all  things  that  con- 
cerne  the  soules  that  their  Master  hath  bought  with  his 
bloud,  and  concredited  to  them ;  Let  therefore  all  difficile 
words  be  shunned  that  are  not  in  the  Bible ;  as  for  the 
words  of  the  Bible,  all  should  understand  them.  Sixthly. 
A  speciall  care  would  be  had  that,  so  far  as  may  be,  the 
words  of  the  Text  be  not  changed  with  any  other,  that 
those  that  have  their  Bibles  before  them  may  read  the 
words  of  the  Text  in  the  song ;  when  other  words  are  in 
the  verse,  the  Text  seemeth  uncouth  to  him  that  readeth 
or  singeth.  Seventhly.  He  that  medleth  with  such  a 
work  should  have  good  understanding  in  the  Hebreiu, 
which  is  the  Originall  and  fountaine.  The  want  of  this, 
or  the  not  taking  heed,  hath  made  all  English  verse  that 

*  Probably  he  had  here  in  view  Baillie,  who  had  a  pre- 
dilection for  the  MS.  version  of  Sir  William  Mure  of  Row- 
alien,  also  before  the  Assembly. 


I  have  seen,  make  a  very  great  fault,  in  mistaking  that 
which  is  said  of  God  himself  in  the  Fsal.  82.  1.  where  it 
is  said,  God  standeth  in  the  congregation  of  the  miqhty,  he 
judgeth  among  the  gods :  All  the  Psalmes  in  English  verse 
that  I  have  seen,  by  the  mighty  there  understand  itiighty 
men,  which  is  a  very  great  mistake  .  .  .  Our  English 
version  in  this  verse  would  be  mended ;  whereas  it  hath 
God  standeth  in  the  Assembly  of  the  mighty,  it  were  better 
and  more  clear  to  put  God  standeth  in  the  Assembly  of 
God." 

The  foregoing  remarks  are  a  few  of  the  more 
salient  points  of  Mr.  Zachary's  travails,  but  do 
not  pretend  to  be  any  history  either  of  them  or  of 
his  books  of  Psalms  and  Songs.  They  may  have 
a  little  exceeded  the  Query  of  J.  O.  I,  however, 
throw  myself  on  the  principle  of  the  adage  that 
"  the  abundance  of  the  law  never  breaks  it." 
From  his  critical  and  literary  investigations,  with 
a  more  enlarged  field  for  information,  perhaps  he 
may  excuse  me  for  being  so  avaricious  as  yet  to 
expect  to  hear  some  report  of  his  own  "  ti-avells  in 
this  line,"  or  in  any  other  matter  anent  the  author 
and  his  works  in  general.  G.  N. 


MALABAE   JE^S. 

(2"<»  S.  iv.  429.) 

Only  a  few  days  ago  I  discovered  a  stray 
number  of  the  Algemeene  Konst-en  Letterhode  (for 
1857,  Nov.  14),  which,  though  directed  to  me, 
had  been  mislaid  amongst  other  papers  and  had 
slumbered  there  for  about  two  years,  only  to  re- 
appear at  the  very  moment  when  the  writer  of 
the  article  I  am  going  to  translate  breathed  his 
last.  It  contains  a  reply  to  a  question  put  by  me 
in  the  same  periodical  (p.  346),  and  inserted  in 
"N.  &  Q."  as  an  appendix  to  a  Query  proposed 
to  the  Navorscher  by  Dr.  Todd  of  Dublin. 

The  Konst-en  Letterhode  says  :  — 

"  Mr.  S.  de  Wind,  LL.D.,  writes  us  as  follows  from 
Middelburg,  in  reply  to  the  queries  of  Mr.  J.  H.  Van 
Lennep,  on  p.  346  of  this  volume : 

"'Mr.  V.  L.  will  find  his  inquiries  fully  illustrated  in 
the  first  series  of  the  Works  published  by  the  Zealand 
Society  of  Sciences  (^Oudere  Werken  van  het  Zeeuwsch 
Genootschap  der  Wetenschajrpen),  vol.  vi.  (Middelburg, 
1778)  and  ix.  (1782),  which  thoroughly  investigate  the 
history  of  the  Gochim  Jews. 

" '  The  first-mentioned  volume  contains  a  Treatise,  en- 
titled "  Historical  Particulars  regarding  the  White  and 
Black  Jews  at  Cochim  on  the  Coast  of  Malabar,  extracted 
from  a  Correspondence  with  the  Governor  and  Director  of 
that  Coast,  Mr.  Adriaan  Moens,  Counsellor  Hn  extraor- 
dinari'  of  the  Dutch  East  Indies;  collated  with  the 
Accounts  of  several  Writers,  by  Adrianua  's  Gravezande." 

"  '  This  treatise  amply  discusses  Hamilton's  account,  a 
number  of  statements  from  Dutch  and  Portuguese  writers, 
Mr.  Van  Rheede's  "  Extract "  (  UittrehseT),  and  A.  Moens's 
communications :  whilst  a  fac-simile  is  added  of  the  two 
brass  plates  mentioned  by  Hamilton. 

"  'In  the  ninth  volume  occurs,  on  p.  515  and  following, 
a  paper,  inscribed  "Appendix  to  the  Historical  Particulars 
regarding  the  White  and  Black  Jews  at  Cochim,  by 
A. 's  Gravezande,"  and    then  comes  a  "Postscript,  re- 


2°^  s.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


233 


specting  the  White  and  Black  Jews  at  Cochim,  after  the 
most  recent  Advices  from  Mr.  Moens."  This  last  part 
includes  a  full  analysis  of  the  Memoir,  which  Mr.  Moens 
had  had  to  leave  to  his  successor,  when  quitting 
the  JIalabar  Coast,  and  which  is  dated  April  18,  1781, 
It  is  this  Memoir  Mr.  Van  Lennep  alludes  to  in  his  query. 
Mr.  Moens  had  communicated  his  record  to  the  Directors 
of  the  East  India  Company,  and,  through  the  medium 
of  Mr.  C.  Kien  Van  Citters,  Mr.  's  Gravezande  was  fur- 
nished with  a  copy  of  the  part  referring  to  the  Cochim 
Jews. 

" '  I  do  not  think  it  unlikely  that  's  Gravezande's 
treatise,  in  the  sixth  volume,  was  translated  into  Portu- 
guese by  order  of  Moens,  and  that  it  was  then  shown  by 
him  to  Ezechiel  Rabby. 

" '  As  for  the  rest  I  must  add  that  the  several  objects 
mentioned  by  "s  Gravezande,  as :  Ezechiel  Kabby's  por- 
trait ;  the  piece  of  wood,  with  the  inscription  INAZR- 
REXIVDE  (the  letters  read  from  right  to  left);  the 
Malabar  olla,  cset.,  are  to  this  day  preserved  in  the 
Zealand  Society's  Museum,  whilst  some  manuscripts  —  as 
three  letters  written  by  John  Collet,  one  of  which  is  di- 
rected to  the  Cochim  Jews,  and  some  papers,  descending 
from  A.  Moens,  which  's  Gravezande  made  use  of  —  are 
also  kept  in  the  same  repository.' " 

J.  H.  Van  Lenwep. 

Huis  te  Leiduin,  near  Haarlem, 
August  31,  1859. 


THE    PRBTENDEK.  ' 

(2"''  S.  viii.  51.  99.) 

Mrs.  Frances  Shaftoe's  Narrative  is  quoted  at 
great  length,  and  the  truth  of  its  statements  as- 
serted, in  a  tract,  now  before  me,  bearing  the 
following  title :  — 

"  More  Memoirs :  or,  the  Pretendek,  what  He  Really 
Pretends  to  be :  Some  Explications  of  His  Birth  Re- 
viv'd :  and  Reasons  for  Questioning  His  Title  Set  Aside. 

In  a  Letter  to  a  Right  Reverend  L London : 

Printed,  and   Sold  by  J.  Baker,  at  the  Black  Boy  in 
Pater-noster-row.     1713.    Price  6c/." — Pp.40. 

Besides  the  above  two  pamphlets,  I  have  also 
the  following  upon  the  same  subject:  — 

1.  "  The  Pretender  an  Ihfoster  :  Being  that  part 
of  the  Memorial,  From  the  English  Protestants  to  their 
Highnesses  The  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange,  con- 
cerning their  Grievances,  and  the  Birth  of  the  Pretended 
Prince  of  Wales.  Which  is  more  than  a  sufficient  Answer 
to  the  Old  Depositions  about  that  Matter  lately  Pub- 
lished. London,  Printed  and  Sold  by  the  Booksellers. 
1711.     Price  Sixpence." — Pp.  40. 

2.  "  The  Several  Declarations,  Together  with  the 
several  Depositions  made  in  Council  on  Monday,  the 
22d  of  October,  1688.  Concerning  the  Birth  of  the  Prince 
of  Wales.  N.B.  Those  Marked  with  this  Mark*  were  Ro- 
man Catholicks.  London :  Printed,  and  Sold  by  the 
Booksellers  of  London  and  Westminster."  Pp.  40.  At 
the  end :    "  Published  by  His    Majesties    special 

COJIMAND." 

3.  "  A  Full  Answer  To  the  Depositions,  And  to  all 
other  the  Pretences  and  Arguments  whatsoever.  Con- 
cerning the  Birth  of  the  Pretended  Prince  of  Wales. 
The  Intrigue  thereof  detected.  The  whole  Design 
being  set  forth,  with  the  Way  and  Manner  of  doing  'it. 
Whereunto  is  annex'd,  A  Map,  or  Survey,  Engraven  on 
Copper,  of  St.  Jameses  Palace,  and  the  Convent  there : 


Describing  the  Place  wherein  it  is  suppos'd  the  true 
Mother  was  Deliver'd :  With  the  particular  Doors  and 
Passages,  thro'  which  the  child  was  convey'd  to  the 
Queen's  Bed-Chamber.  Printed  in  the  year  1711." 
Pp.  56.  The  map  referred  to  has  been  abstracted  from 
my  Copj'. 

4.  "  Some  New  Proofs,  By  which  it  appears  that  the 
Pretender  is  Truly  James  the  Third.  London :  Printed 
for  J.  Baker,  at  the  Black-Boy  in  Pater-Noster-Row. 
1713.     Price  6d."     Pp.  28. 

5.  "  A  Full  Demonstration  that  the  Pretended 
Prince  of  Wales  was  the  Son  of  Mrs.  Mary  Grey,  Un- 
deniably prov'd  by  Original  Letters  of  the  late  Queen 
and  others;  And  by  Depositions  of  several  Persons  of 
Worth  and  Honour,  never  before  publish'd ;  and  a  par- 
ticular Account  of  the  Murther  of  Mrs.  Mary  Grey  at 
Paris.  Humbly  recommended  to  the  Consideration  of 
both  Houses  of  Parliament.  By  William  Fuller,  Gent. 
London:  Printed  for  the  Author,  and  sold  by  A.  Bald- 
win, at  the  Oxford  Arms  in  Warwick  lane.  1702.**  Pp. 
40. 

6.  "  The  Great  Bastard,  Protector  of  the  Little  One. 
Done  out  of  French.  And  for  which  a  Proclamation,  with 
a  Reward  of  5000  Lewedores,  to  discover  the  Author, 
was  Published,  London,  Printed  in  the  Year  1701." 
Pp.  15. 

Some  of  the  above  tracts  are  referred  to,  and 
much  interesting  information,  from  contemporary 
sources,  on  the  subject  of  them  is  given,  in  the 
Oxford  edition  of  Bishop  Burnet's  History  of  his 
Own  Time,  1833. 

I  can  scarcely  agree  with  C.  D.  E.  that  if  Bp. 
Lloyd's*  "notes  on  this  subject  could  be  found, 
probably  little  more  could  be  desired,"  because, 
equally  so  with  his  brother  bishop,  he  was  not 
only  a  warm  and  busy  stickler  for  the  interests 
of  the  Prince  of  Orange,  but  also  a  thorough- 
paced hater  of  the  Stuart  dynasty,  and,  as  it 
appears,  ever  ready  to  yield  a  willing  ear  to,  and 
spread  abroad,  the  cruel  reports  that  were  in 
circulation  respecting  the  "  pretended "  delivery 
of  James's  queen,  heedless  of  the  maxims,  that 
the  receiver  is  as  bad  as  the  thief,  and  the  re- 
tailer of  slander  as  the  inventor  of  it.  But  see, 
in  reference  to  his  "  great  collection,"  the  note 
to  Burnet,  as  above,  vol.  iii.  p.  258.  As  to  the 
latter's  own  private  thoughts  in  this  matter,  the 
editor  of  his  Own  Time  remarks  (Preface,  x.)  : 
that,  "notwithstanding  the  idle  stories  told  by 
him,  on  the  authority  of  others,  concerning  the 
birth  of  the  Prince  of  Wales,  he  nowhere,  in  the 
present  time  at  least,  explicitly  avows  an  opinion 
of  his  illegitimacy."  Wm.  Matthews. 

Cowgill. 

[*  As  there  were  two  Bishops  at  this  time  of  the  name 
of  William  Lloyd,  our  correspondents  should  distinguish 
them  by  their  respective  sees.  Of  course,  the  bishop  al- 
luded to  was  William  Lloyd,  consecrated  Bishop  of  St. 
Asaph,  and  translated  to  Coventry  and'  to  Worcester,  ob. 
1717.  The  other  William  Lloyd  was  consecrated  Bishop 
of  LlandafF,  translated  to  Peterborough  and  Norwich,  and 
deprived  at  the  Revolution :  ob.  Jan.  1,  1709-10.— Ed.] 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"^  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '5?. 


CUATTERTON    MSS. 

(2"'^  S.  94.  194.) 

Your  correspondent  Mr.  Hugh  Owen  asks 
triumphantly,  "  Is  there  any  evidence  that  Chat- 
terton  ever  exhibited  a  single  scrap  of  the  sup- 
posed literary  labours  of  Rowley,  said  to  have 
been  found  in  the  Redcliff  chest  ? "  I  am  not 
going  to  raise  a  controversy  which  it  is  hopeless 
should  now  be  ever  determined,  for  poor  Chat- 
terton  in  the  year  1869  —  a  period  fast  coming 
upon  us  —  will  have  gone  to  his  last  account  one 
hundred  years  ago ;  but  when  his  memory  is  so 
continually  made  the  subject  of  attack,  and  we 
hear  "  forgery"  and  "a  long  career  of  deception  " 
charged  upon  him,  there  are  some  considerations 
which,  I  think,  in  fairness,  should  be  stated  ;  and 
it  does  not  seem  to  me  that  they  have  yet  been 
sufficiently  brought  before  the  public. 

Whether  Chatterton  himself  ever  obtained  any 
papers  from  the  chests  in  Redclifi"  church  or  not, 
and  whether  the  parchments  now  in  the  British 
Museum  ever  came  from  the  repositories  over 
Redcliffe  porch  or  not,  it  seems  quite  admitted, 
on  all  hands,  that  his  father  did  abstract  both 
parchments  and  papers  from  Canynge's  chests,  and 
used  them  for  his  own  purposes.  These  MSS. 
seem  afterwards  to  have  been  in  his  son's  hands, 
and  what  could  have  become  of  them  ? 

If  we  refer  to  Dr.  Gregory's  Life  of  Chatter- 
ton,  the  first  occasion  upon  which  attention  was 
attracted  to  these  MSS.  was  upon  the  publication 
of  one  in  Felix  Farley  s  Bristol  Journal,  giving  an 
account  of  the  friar's  passing  the  old  bridge.  In 
consequence  of  the  inquiries  of  the  friends  of 
Dr.  Barrett,  who  was  then  writing  a  History  of 
Bristol,  it  was  discovered  that  the  transcript  was 
brought  to  the  Journal  Office  by  a  youth  named 
Thomas  Chatterton,  who,  when  questioned  and 
threatened,  refused  to  enter  into  particulars.  Upon 
this  statement  two  questions  may  be  asked,  — 
"Was  the  conduct  of  the  youth  that  of  one  en- 
tering upon  a  career  of  deception  ?  and  secondly, 
upon  what  ground  comW  he  have  been  threatened? 
I  see  none,  except  that  he  was  in  possession  of 
papers  which  certainly  did  not  belong  to  him. 

Chatterton  was  articled  to  an  attorney,  and 
•would  know  very  well  the  real  bearing  of  his 
case.  He  had  taste  enough  to  find  out  the 
genuine  merit  of  the  writings,  and  sufficient 
knowledge  of  law  to  be  aware  that  he  had  no 
claim  to  them.  But  there  was  one  certain  mode 
of  making  them  his  own, — by  transcribing  the 
poems,  and  burning  the  originals.  And  this,  I 
suppose,  he  did. 

This  will  explain  a  thousand  difficulties ;  and 
doubtless  he  bitterly  repented  of  what  he  had 
done,  and  would  have  given  all  he  had  to  get  the 
originals  back,  so  soon  as  he  was  made  sensible  of 
their  real  value,  and  that  his  own  ignorance  and 


blunders  in  transcription  had  rendered  it  doubtful 
whether  there  were  ever  any  originals  at  all.  But 
it  was  too  late.  The  parchments  in  the  British 
Museum  I  conceive  to  be  merely  attempts  to  re- 
pair his  error ;  for  many  of  the  characters  are  his, 
though  imitated  from  old  ones.  But  the  most 
serious  evil  is,  that  he  probably  introduced  his 
own  words  to  make  the  verse  run  more  smoothly, 
and  at  other  times  absolutely  blundered  through 
ignorance,  as  in  the  verse, — 

"  Noe,  bestoikerre,  I  will  go," 
the  second  word  of  which  line  Bryant  has  shown 
was  really  heswikerre  ;  and  to  any  one  conversant 
with  old  writing,  the  mistake  of  the  first  part  of 
the  letter  w,  then  carried  above  the  line,  for  the 
letter  t,  is  easy  and  palpable.  Again  :  it  is  said 
that  his  forgeries  are  clear,  because  he  has  intro- 
duced blank  verse,  not  known  until  Surrey's  time, 
into  the  tragedy  of  jElla.  There  are  some  lines 
in  blank  verse  in  the  tragedy  of  JElla,  which  is  a 
regular  and  finished  poem,  and  very  bad  they  are, 
the  worst  in  the  piece.  But  why  should  any  one 
who  could  write  so  much  better  in  the  other  parts 
insert  these  ?  Simply,  I  believe,  because  some 
stanzas  of  the  tragedy  there  were  lost,  and  Chat- 
terton put  them  in  to  carry  on  the  story,  either 
from  inability  or  want  of  time  to  write  in  the 
strain  of  the  original. 

True  it  is,  that  Chatterton  was  very  unpopular 
with  the  corporation  of  Bristol.  He  satirised 
them,  and  they  hated  and  persecuted  him  in  re- 
turn. But  it  is  time  these  feelings  should  rest 
in  his  grave,  and  his  sad  story  be  thought  of 
only  with  regret.  Railroad  improvements  have 
demolished  the  little  school  in  which  he  first  re- 
ceived the  early  rudiments  of  education ;  the 
curious  little  sign  of  the  "  horse  milliner "  has 
disappeared ;  strangers  are  required  to  give  in 
their  name  before  they  can  be  admitted  to  look  at 
W.  Canynge's  chests  and  boxes ;  and  the  Rowley 
stone  at  St.  John's  is  carefully  covered  up,  though 
it  is  to  be  hoped  not  damaged  or  destroyed.  But 
the  strains,  whether  Rowley's  or  Chatterton's, 
still  survive,  despite  the  art  and  malice  of  Wal- 
pole,  KT%a  is  aei,  an  eternal  possession.  When 
we  peruse  them,  let  us  no  longer  speak  of  "  im- 
postors" or  "deceivers,"  but  drop  a  tear  to  the 
memory  of  him,  who,  in  whatever  capacity,  was 
the  unhappy  instrument  of  introducing  them  to 
the  notice  of  the  world.  W. 


Perhaps  I  may  be  allowed  in  reply  to  Mr.  Hugh 
Owen  to  say  I  was  not  the  person  who  took  this 
MS.  to  the  Bristol  Literary  Institution  for  com- 
parison with  Chatterton's  will ;  for  my  knowledge 
of  his  handwriting  rendered  it  unnecessary. 

On  looking  through  my  two  volumes  of  the 
De  Bergham  Pedigree,  in  Chatterton's  Autograph, 
I  find  some  of  the  Latin  paragraphs  translated  by 


2'><«  S.  VIII.,  Sept.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


235 


Bari'ett's  pen,  and  there  seems  to  be  a  resemblance 
between  such  translations  and  Mb.  OwE^'s  MS. ; 
which  if  Barrett  also  wrote,  being  a  friend  and 
patron  of  Chatterton,  paper  with  a  similar  water- 
mark in  it  and  a  portion  of  the  will  would  be  ac- 
counted for.  Another  contemporary,  Catcott,  has 
left  behind  him  some  modernised  poems  of  Row- 
ley, composed  by  Chatterton,  but  in  Catcott's 
autograph,  and  possibly  Mr.  Owen's  fragment  of 
j3^lla,  may  be  one  of  these. 

In  answer  to  the  question,  "  Is  there  any  e^  1- 
dence  that  Chatterton  ever  exhibited  a  single 
scrap  said  to  be  found  in  the  RedclifF  chest?"  I 
believe  there  are  several  such  curious  and  illegi- 
ble documents  :  for  instance,  "  The  Account  of 
Wm.  Canynge."  And  I  am  sure  Sir  Frederic 
Madden  would  kindly  allow  your  correspondent 
to  see  them,  if  he  wishes  to  do  so,  at  the  British 
Museum,  and  at  the  same  time  satisfy  him  Chat- 
terton never  wrote  any  other  than  the  "  stiff  at- 
torney's clerk  copying  hand,"  which  is  the  same 
even  in  his  pocketbook  taken  with  him  to  London, 
and  now  in  my  possession. 

The  fragment  referred  to  as  having  belonged  to 
the  late  Mr.  Richard  Smith  was,  I  think,  "  La- 
myngstone  "  (I  have  not  Grant's  edition  of  Chat- 
terton's  Poems  at  hand)  ;  and  if  so,  it  was  pre- 
sented by  him  to  the  Bristol  Subscription  Library 
at  the  top  of  Park  Street,  where  it  is  still  to  be 
seen.  Bristoliensis. 


JAMES    MOORE. 


(2'"i  S.viii.  197.) 
If  any  one  has  doubts  about  the  literary  and 
historical  value  of  "N.  &  Q.,"  let  him  look  into 
the  history  of  this  obFoure  family,  which  sprung 
into  existence  from  a  footman,  about  1700,  and 
was  extinct  before  1750.  Mr.  Croker,  we  may 
assume,  was  especially  informed  on  the  subject, 
for  Pope  had  immortalised  the  Moores ;  yet  even 
Mr.  Croker  was  compelled  to  ask,  in  1854,  for  in- 
formation ;  and  already  any  one  of  your  readers 
could  write  a  history  of  the  Moores  as  full  of  mi- 
nute details  as  if  he  had  lived  next  door  to  them 
in  Southampton  Street,  or  sat  in  the  same  pew  at 
Fetcham.  Still  there  are  obscure  points  which  may 
as  well  be  cleared  up.  Pope,  we  know,  carried  on 
his  battle  with  his  adversaries  in  the  Gi-ub  Street 
Journal,  and  we  learn  from  the  Preface  to  the 
collected  volumes,  that  he  and  his  friends  generally 
wrote  under  the  signature  "A."  It  was  Pope, 
therefore,  or  one  of  his  friends,  but  Pope  no 
doubt,  who  addressed  a  letter  in  that  journal,  pro- 
fessedly from  the  worm-powder  Moore  to  his  ne- 
phew, James  Moore  Smythe,  and  the  nephew's 
penitential  reply.  Was  this  pure  fiction,  or 
founded  on  some  sort  of  relationship?  It  has 
always  struck  me  as  strange  that  Pope  should 
in  the  Forest  have  even  heard  of  or  concerned 


himself  about  the  worm-powder  Moore;  and  I 
have  attributed  the  fact  of  such  knowledge  to 
Lewis  the  Catholic  bookseller,  and  Pope's  first  pub- 
lisher, being  himself  a  seller  of  worm-powders, 
or  rather  worm-lozenge  seller.  The  curious  may 
find  his  advertisements  in  the  Evening  Post  for 
May,  1712,  with  all  the  usual  trumpetings  about 
wonderful  success.  But  Moore  Smythe  was  a  boy 
at  that  time,  and  it  is  not  likely  that  the  Moore 
family  was  even  known  to  Pope.  I  presume, 
therefore,  that  Pope's  attempt  to  associate  them  as 
blood  relations  was  for  the  mere  purpose  of  an- 
noyance. 

We  ought,  however,  to  know  something  about 
Pope's  "Moore  of  Abchurch  Lane."  I  will  ask, 
therefore,  whether  he  was  the  same  person  or  the 
father  of  James  Moore,  described  as  proprietor  of 
extensive  plantations  of  medicinal  herbs  at  Mit- 
cham,  who,  subsequent  to  1749,  bought  the 
manors  of  Biggin  and  Tamworth  in  Surrey  ? 
Was  he  related  to  Mrs.  Bridget  Moore,  for  whom 
Woodfall  printed  labels  for  Daffy's  Elixir  (see 
"N.  &  Q.,"  1"  S.  xi.  420.),  or  was  Mrs.  Bridget 
the  widow  of  A.  Moor,  the  bookseller,  near  St. 
Paul's,  or  of  Moor  the  "highflyer"-tory,  men- 
tioned by  Negus  in  1724?  J.  M.  (2.) 


Dr.  Shelton  Mackenzie  s  Life  of  Dr.  Maginn 
(2"*  S.  viii.  169.)  — I  have  a  very  short  and  very 
decisive  answer  to  make  to  Philo-Turpin.  There 
is  not  a  word  of  truth  in  Dr.  Shelton  Mackenzie's 
statement.  I  have  not  seen  the  piece  of  biography 
in  question,  and  never  heard  of  it  before ;  but  I 
take  it  for  granted  Philo-Turpin's  report  is 
correct.  If  so,  I  repeat,  the  statement*  is  false  in 
every  particular.  Dr.  Maginn  never  wrote  one 
line  of  Rooku'ood,  text  or  ballads.  He  never  saw 
any  portion  of  the  work  prior  to  its  publication, 
and  for  aught  I  know  to  the  contrary,  he  never 
saw  it  then.  Certain  I  am  that  he  would  have 
scorned  to  claim  the  credit  of  any  production 
which  did  not  emanate  from  his  own  pen,  while  a 
proceeding  like  the  present  would  have  filled  him 
with  disgust  and  indignation.  In  putting  forth, 
this  unwarrantable  statement.  Dr.  Shelton  Mac- 
kenzie has  committed  an  act  of  gross  injustice 
towards  the  memory  of  Dr.  Maginn  as  well  as 
towards  myself,  and  is  bound  to  make  every  repa- 
ration in  his  power.  W.  Harrison  Ainsworth. 
Brighton. 

On  Bv7/ing  a  Bible  (2"«  S.  vii.  434.)  —  These 
verses  were  in  existence  and  in  print  more  than 
seventy- five  years  ago.  They  are  to  be  found, 
precisely  as  now  printed,  in  (Dr.  Franklin's) 
Poor  Richard's  Almanac  for  the  year  1743. 

Uneda. 
Philadelphia. 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"<»  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59. 


Earhj  Catalogues  (2"'^  S.  viii.  183.)— In  refer- 
ence to  a  footnote  at  p.  183.,  I  think  it  will  be 
found  that  the  first  generalised  list  of  publica- 
tions in  our  language  was  compiled  by  Andrew 
Maunsell,  whose  sign  was  the  "Parrot"  in  St. 
Paul's  Churchyard.     It  is  intitled  :  — 

"  The  first  part  of  tlie  Catalogue  of  English  printed 
Boolses.  Which  concerneth  such  matters  of  Divinitie  as 
have  bin  either  written  in  oure  tongue,  or  translated  out 
of  some  other  language;  and  have  bin  published  to  the 
glory  of  God,  and  editication  of  the  Churcli  of  Christ  in 
England.  Gathered  into  Alphabet  and  such  method  as  it 
is,  by  Andrew  Maunsell,  bookseller.  London :  printed  by 
John  Windet,  for  Andrew  Maunsell,  dwelling  in  Loth- 
burie,  1595,  in  folio,  with  the  device  of  a  Pelican  and  its 
offspring  rising  out  of  the  flames,  round  which  is  '  Pro 
lege,  rege,  et  grege.  Love  kepyth  the  lawe,  obe^^eth 
the  kynge,  and  is  good  to  the  commonwelthe.' " 

In  the  first  volume  of  the  Athenceum,  pp.  43. 
45.,  an  analysis  is  given  of  this  Catalogue.  It  is 
a  curious  fact  made  apparent  on  some  of  the  old 
catalogues  whereon  the  prices  are  marked,  that 
the  sura  of  one  penny  was  a  very  common  bidding. 
•  It  may  be  supererogatory  to  notice  that  cata- 
logues of  books  were  very  early  compiled  by  the 
monks.  The  most  extensive  example  is  one 
written  by  Henry  de  I'>stria,  prior  of  Canterbury 
(1285),  now  preserved  in  the  Cottonian  Library. 
It  occupies  no  less  than  thirty-eight  treble- 
columned  folio  pages,  and  contains  the  titles  of 
more  than  3,000  works.  Prlnte4  catalogues  were 
produced  as  early  as  1574,  if  not  sooner,  for  the 
use  of  the  book  fairs  which  used  to  be  held  at 
Frankfort,  in  a  street  there  called  Book  Street; 
and  Ggorge  Wilier  of  Augsburg  is  said  to  have 
been  the  first  who  "  fell  upon  the  plan  of  causing 
to  be  printed  every  fair  a  Catalogue  of  all  the  new 
Books,  in  \jfhich  the  size  and  printers'  names  were 
marked."  His  last  catalogue  is  said  to  be  dated 
1597,  and  printed  by  Bassaaus  of  Frankfort.  In  a 
great  measure  owing  to  the  restrictions  placed 
upon  the  publishers  at  Frankfort,  few  catalogues 
were  printed  there  after  1604,  the  bookselling 
businesses  having  been  carried  to  Leipsic,  and  the 
shops  in  Book  Street  were  generally  converted 
into  taverns.  It  is  a  singular  coincidence  that  it 
was  for  a  very  long  period  the  custom  for  book- 
sellers to  make  all  their  bargains  at  these  places. 

W.  J.  Stannaed. 
Hatton  Garden. 

Grotesques  in  Churches  (2""*  S.  viii.  196.)  — 
F.  E.  Cabrington's  explanation  is  by  no  means 
satisfactory,  though  I  am  not  prepared  with  a 
better.  Admitting  its  truth,  however,  it  does 
not  explain  why  the  grotesque  figures  so  fre- 
quently to  be  seen  in  our  churches  were  placed 
there  at  all,  nor  yet  for  what  purpose.  Many  of 
these  figures  are  positively  indecent.  I  know  a 
sacred  building  still  used  for  public  worship,  in 
which  the  misererles  (though  very  beautiful  as 
carvings)  are  so  filthy  and  obscene  in  their  refer- 


ences, that,  they  are  nailed  down  by  the  authorities 
that  they  may  not  be  seen.  Perhaps  some  one 
can  give  a  good  reason  for  allowing  their  admis- 
sion into  sacred  buildings,  and  the  objects  intended 
to  be  served.  R.  S. 

Rev.  Richard  Johnson  (2"^  S.  vil.  394.)  —  An 
inquiry  is  made  by  Delta  as  to  the  Rev.  Richard 
Johnson.  If  not  too  late  I  can  supply  a  little 
farther  information  as  to  that  clergyman.  He 
remained,  I  am  informed,  about  twenty  years  in 
New  South  Wales,  and  on  his  return  to  England 
Government  presented  him  (through  Mr.  Per- 
cival)  with  the  living  of  St.  Antholin's,  Watling 
Street,  worth  about  200Z.  a-year,  and  which  he 
held  till  his  death  in  1827.  I  do  not  know  of  any 
biography  of  him,  but  I  have  no  doubt  that  if 
your  correspondent  requires  farther  information 
respecting  him,  and  would  communicate  directly 
with  me,  I  should  be  able  to  supply  it. 

Jko.  Edward  Hih. 

Halifax. 

[We  have  intimated  to  Delta,  Mr.  Hill's  obliging 
offer  to  supply  him  with  biographical  information  re- 
specting the  Rev.  Richard  Johnson;  but  he  scarcely 
thinks,  on  his  own  individual  account,  he  ought  to  tres- 
pass on  Mr.  Hill's  courtesy :  still  he  is  of  opinion,  if  it 
meet  his  approbation,  the  public  generally  might  feel  an 
interest  in  some  short  memoir  of  the  reverend  gentleman. 

The  Rev.  Richard  Johnson  was  of  Magdalen  College, 
Cambridge,  B.  A.  1784,  and  presented  by  the  crown  to 
the  rectory  of  the  united  parishes  of  St.  Antholin  and 
St.  John  Baptist  in  1810,  and  was  instituted  to  Ingham, 
held  by  sequestration,  in  1817.  In  the  Wilherforce  Cor- 
respondence, there  is  a  letter  in  vol.  i.  at  page  15.  from 
the  Rev.  John  Newton,  15  Nov.  1786 :  "  Who  can  tell 
what  important  consequences  may  depend  upon  Mr.  John- 
son's *  going  to  New  Holland  ?  It  inay  seem  but  a  small 
event  at  present :  —  so  a  foundation  stone  when  laid,  is 
small  compared  with  the  building  to  be  erected  upon  it ; 
but  it  is  the  beginning  and  the  earnest  of  the  whole,"  &c. 
&c. ;  and  at  p.  61.,  "  Pretty  man,"  writes  Mr.  Pitt,  on 
14  Oct.  1788,  "  has  sent  me  your  (Mr.  Wilberforce's) 
letter,  mentionirtg  the  curate  you  have  found  [Mr.  John- 
son] for  New  Holland.  I  will  take  care  of  the  business, 
and  let  you  know  as  soon  as  the  stipend,  &c.  is  fixed.  I 
conclude  he  will  be  read}',  if  he  takes  the  charge,  imme- 
diately." There  are  several  other  notices  in  the  Cor- 
respondence of  Mr.  Johnson  and  the  duties  of  the  chap- 
lain, but  we  will  onlj'  observe  that  while  Mr.  Johnson 
singly  laboured  at  that  time  in  the  vinej'ard,  there  are 
now  considerably  above  three  hundred  clergymen  of  the 
Church  of  England  officiating  in  Australia  and  New 
Zealand.  Mr.  Johnson  died  on  March  14,  1827,  aged 
72.— Ed.] 

Inn  Signs  ly  Eminent  Artists  (2°'^  S.  viii.  77.) — 
In  the  village  of  Newick  in  Sussex  there  is  the 
sign  of  a  bull  of  the  Sussex  breed  which  was 
painted  by  the  late  J.  H.  Hurdis,  Esq.,  and  pre- 
sented by  him  to  his  neighbour,  the  host  of  the 
"  Bull  and  Butcher  "  there. 

Mr.  Hurdis  was  an  intelligent  and  kind-hearted 
man,  and  an   ingenious  artist.     He  studied  en- 


*  "  The  first  chaplain  sent  to  New  South  Wales." 


2°'>  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


237 


graving  under  the  celebrated  Sharpe,  and  many 
of  his  works  in  that  line  are  excellent.  The  sign 
is  very  well  painted,  but  time  and  the  elements 
are  telling  upon  it.  R.  W.  B. 

Lord  Fane :  Count  de  Sails  (2"^  S.  viii.  186.)— 
A  reference  to  Sir  Bernard  Burke's  Peerage  (Ap- 
pendix, Foreign  Noblemen)  supplies  the  infor- 
mation Mr.  Redmond  desires.  He  will  there  find 
that  Jerome,  second  Count  de  Salis,  married  in 
Jan.  1735,  the  Hon.  Mary  Fane,  eldest  daughter 
of  Charles  Viscount  Fane,  by  whom  he  was  an- 
cestor of  the  present  Count. 

This  lady,  on  the  decease,  without  issue,  of  her 
brother  Charles,  last  Viscount  Fane,  in  1772,  suc- 
ceeded to  the  estates  of  the  Fane  family  in  Ireland, 
and  her  grandson  Jerome,  Count  de  Salis  (a  J.  P. 
and  T).  L.  for  Armagh  and  Middlesex),  obtained 
in  Dec.  1835  a  royal  licence  permitting  him  to 
assume  the  name  of  Fane  in  addition  to  that  of 
De  Salis,  as  the  inheritor  of  the  estates  and  next 
male  representative  of  Charles,  last  Viscount 
Fane. 

On  the  same  authority  we  find  (vide  Cleve- 
land) that  William,  younger  son  of  Sir  Chris- 
topher Vane,  Knight,  created  Lord  Barnard, 
"was  elevated  to  the  peerage  of  Ireland,  13  Oct. 
1720,  as  Baron  Duncannon  and  Viscount  Vane, 
honours  which  expired  with  his  lordship's  son  and 
successor,  William,  second  Viscount,  in  1789." 

These  two  accounts  differ  both  in  the  Christian 
names  of  the  peers  (as  to  the  sirname,  it  is  written 
Fane  or  Vane  indifferently),  and  in  the  date  of 
the  extinction  of  the  peerage. 

On  the  former  point  I  find  in  the  Liber  Mune- 
rum  Hiberniae  an  abstract  of  the  creation  of — 

"  William  Vane,  Esq.  (younger  son  of  Christopher,  the 
first  Lord  Bernard  in  England)  — 

"  Title  —  Viscount  Vane  in  Ireland. 

"  Privy  Seal,  St.  James's,  June  12th,  1720 ;  Patent, 
Dublin,  Sept.  13,  1720." 

On  the  other  hand,  I  find  it  stated  in  Collins's 
Peerage  by  Brydges,  vol.  iv.,  that  a  sister  of 
James,  first  Earl  Stanhope,  married  Charles  Fane, 
Esq.,  of  Basleton,  co.  Berks,  who  was  created 
Lord  Viscount  Fane  and  Baron  of  Longhuyre 
(sic),  in  the  co.  Limerick,  in  1719. 

How  are  these  variations  to  be  explained  ?  I 
believe  an  account  of  extinct  Irish  peerages  is 
still  a  genealogical  desideratum. 

John  Ribton  Garstin. 

Dublin. 

Bartholomew  Cokes  (2"^  S.  viii.  187.)— Your 
correspondent  will  find,  among  the  dramatis  per- 
sonce  of  Bartholomew  Fair,  "  Bartholomew  Cokes, 
an  Esquire  at  Harrow."  A  glance  at  the  play 
(e.  g.  Act  I.  Sc.  5. ;  Act  II.  Sc.  4.  and  5.)  would 
soon  convince  R.  B.  P.  that  B.  Cokes,  Esq.  is  a 
very  good  representative  of  an  empty-headed,  vain 
simpleton.  Probably  Crowne  borrowed  the  word 
from  this  play.  Libya. 


The  Termination  ^^-hat/ne"  (2"*  S.  viii.  171.)  — 
Your  querist  may  be  assured  that  the  instances  of 
the  termination  "  -hayne,"  as  applied  to  the  names 
of  homesteads,  is  to  be  found  in  many  other  parts 
of  the  county  of  Devon,  as  well  as  around  Sid- 
mouth.  It  cannot,  therefore,  have  any  reference 
to  the  occupants  of  Blackbury  camp,  I  take  it, 
like  the  termination  "-layes,"  which  is  equally 
common,  to  be  the  plural  of  the  word  hay,  than 
which  there  is  no  ending  to  the  names  of  farms 
used  more  frequently  in  the  county.  Hay  is  the 
Anglo-Saxon  hege,  a  hedge,  fence,  or  enclosure, 
and  is  in  daily  use  in  the  more  secluded  parts  of 
the  north  of  Devon.  A  hedge  and  its  two  ditches 
are  there  called  the  "  hay  and  ditchen,"     J.  D.  S. 

It  would  have  been  desirable  to  know  all  those 
names  ending  in  -hayne.  In  the  few  which  are 
mentioned,  this  termination  appears  to  be  of 
Saxon  origin ;  and  I  have  little  doubt  that  it  is 
a  contraction  of  the  Ang.-Sax.  hagan,  or  hagum, 
nomin.  or  dat.  plur.  of  haga,  which  means  a 
thorn,  a  fence,  a  fenced  piece  of  land.  This  de- 
rivation becomes  more  plausible  if  we  bear  in 
mind  that  the  German  Hain,  which  also  occurs 
as  the  second  part  of  compound  names  of 
places,  is  likewise  a  contraction  of  the  Middle 
High  German  hagen'=a.  thorn,  a  hedge,  an  abatis, 
which  latter  signification  may  perhaps  also  be  ad- 
mitted for  the  Anglo-Saxon  haga,  being  particu- 
larly convenient  for  localities  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  an  ancient  castle.  G.  D, 

Weapon-salve  (2"'^  S.  viii.  190.)  — I  have  much 
pleasure  in  attempting  still  farther  to  satisfy 
Professor  De  Morgan  on  the  authorship  of  the 
Discours.  The  title  of  the  French  work  does  not 
in  any  way  indicate  the  seat  of  the  "  celebre  assem- 
blee"  before  which  the  lecture  was  pronounced. 
But,  at  p.  69.,  speaking  of  the  amazing  ductility 
of  gold,  the  author  thus  expresses  himself :  — 

"  II  est  constant  que  par  ce  moyen,  ce  petit  bouton 
d'or  peut  estre  tant  ^tendu  qu'il  arrivera  de  cette  Ville  de 
Montpellier  h.  Paris,  et  pourra  meme  passer  au  delk" 

The  translator.  White,  at  p.  49.  of  my  copy, 
thus  renders  the  original :  — 

"  Let  us  do  the  like  to  all  the  rest  of  the  beaten  gold, 
it  will  appear  by  this  means  this  small  button  of  gold 
may  be  so  extended,  that  it  may  reach  from  this  city  of 
Montpellier  to  Paris,  and  far  beyond  it." 

In  the  "  Information  to  the  Knowing  Reader," 
prefixed  to  the  translation,  White  says,  "  This 
discourse  was  made  lately  (&:c.)  in  one  of  the  most 
famous  academies  of  France;"  and  the  passage 
above  cited  would,  without  farther  evidence,  jus- 
tify the  announcement  on  the  title  of  "  Mont- 
pellier" as  the  academy  in  question.  Digby 
himself  may  not  have  sanctioned  the  publication 
of  his  lecture ;  still  less  have  superintended  the 
work.  White,  however,  states  in  the  same  "  In- 
formation,"  that  the  facts   and   opinions  "  were   . 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2'><«  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '59. 


delivered  by  way  of  oration,  and  taken  in  short- 
writing  upon  the  place  as  'twas  uttered."  That 
the  work  is  genuine  can  hardly  be  doubted ;  for 
the  translation  is  dedicated  to  Sir  Kenelm's  son, 
"  John  Digbye,  Esq.,"  which  would  be  an  incon- 
ceivable impertinence  were  the  original  attributa- 
ble to  any  person  other  than  the  knight  himself." 

R.  S.  Q. 

Origin  of  the  Judges  Black  Cap  (2°^  S.  viii. 
130.  193.) — The  meaning  of  the  judge  putting  on 
the  black  cap  when  passing  sentence  of  death 
will  be  obvious  to  every  thinking  person  ;  but  I 
should  have  asked  in  my  former  Query  (p.  130.), 
When  do  we  first  read  of  an  English  ]w\ge  put- 
ting it  on  ?  I  cannot  believe  in  England  it  is  a 
very  ancient  custom.  Surely  when  the  sentence 
of  death  was  as  common  as  it  formerly  was,  it 
could  not  be  customary  for  the  judge  to  go 
through  this  solemnity,  there  being  but  little 
solemnity  about  the  sentence  of  death  itself.  We 
cannot  imagine  Jeffries  putting  it  on  when  passing 
sentence  on  Sir  Thomas  Armstrong,  or  on  any  of 
the  miserable  persons  who  perished  during  the 
Bloody  Assize,  and  there  is  no  mention  of  the 
custom  to  be  found  in  any  of  the  State  Trials.  It 
does  not  seem  likely  that  the  nightcap  of  the 
modern  hangings  is  Ibunded  on  the  Roman  jirac- 
tice,  but  more  probably  it  arose  wholly  in  a 
civilised  and  humane  age,  and  was  first  used  to 
hide  the  distortions  of  the  criminal's  face,  and 
for  that  use  alone.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers 
will  be  able  to  throw  more  light  on  the  subject, — 
more  especially  on  the  first  use  of  the  black  cap 
in  England.  W.  O.  W. 

Side-saddles  (2"*  S.  viii.  187.)  —  Stow's  error 
Las  been  constantly  reproduced :  as  by  Camden, 
JRemaines  ;  Beckmann,  Hist,  of  Inventions  ;  Pul- 
leyn,  Etym.  Compend.,  &c.  Mr.  F.  W.  Fairholt, 
in  the  first  of  his  interesting  papers  on  "  Ancient 
Carriages,"  in  The  Art  Union  Monthly  Journal 
(No.  106.,  p.  119.,  April,  1847),  says  :  "riding  on 
side-saddles  was  in  use  by  ladies  in  England 
during  the  Saxon  times."  In  proof  of  this  asser- 
tion he  engraves  an  example  (on  p.  118.)  of  a  lady 
thus  riding,  copied  from  an  A.-S.  MS. ;  and  adds, 
"  that  this  fashion  was  continuous  is  shown  by 
the  seal  of  Joanna  de  Stuteville  appended  to  a 
document  dated  1227,  who  is  represented  riding 
in  a  similar  manner."  It  is  engraved  in  the  "first 
volume  of  the  Journal  of  Bi-it.  Archceol.  Assoc, 
p.  145." 

By  the  bye.  Dean  Trench  says,  in  his  Select 
Glossary,  p.  23.  :  — 

"  I  do  not  know  the  history  of  the  word  *  boot,'  as  de- 
scribing one  part  of  a  carriage ;  but  it  is  plain  that  not 
the  luggage,  but  the  chief  persons,  used  once  to  ride  in 
the  '  boot.'  ■' 

As  so  eminent  an  English  scholar  confesses  his 
Jack  of  information  on  this  point,  it  may  not  be 


superfluous  to  mention  that  the  "boots"  were  the 
two  projections  from  the  sides  of  the  carriage ; 
open  to  the  air,  and  in  which  the  occupants  were 
carried  sideways.  Such  a  "  boot"  is  seen  in  the 
carriage  containing  the  attendants  of  Queen  Eli- 
zabeth in  Hoefnagel's  well-known  picture  of  Non- 
such Palace,  dated  1582.  Taylor  the  Water-poet, 
the  inveterate  opponent  of  the  introduction  of 
coaches,  thus  satirises  the  one  in  which  he  was 
forced  to  take  his  place  as  a  passenger ;  — 

"  It  wears  two  boots,  and  no  spurs ;.  sometimes  having 
two  pairs  of  legs  in  one  boot:  and  oftentimes,  against 
nature  most  preposterously,  it  makes  fair  ladies  wear  the 
boot.  Moreover,  it  makes  people  imitate  sea-crabs,  in 
being  drawn  sideways ;  as  they  are  when  thej'  sit  in  the 
boot  of  the  coach."  —  C.  Knight,  Fictorial  Half  hours, 
vol.  i.  p.  5G. 

Ache. 

Coham  House,  Sfc.  (2"^  S.  viii.  146.)  —  In 
answer  to  the  Query  of  W.  C,  I  have  no  doubt 
that  Cokam  House  meant  Colcombe  House  or 
Castle,  in  the  parish  of  Colyton,  a  mansion  for- 
merly the  property  of  the  Courtenay  family,  and 
since  of  the  Poles,  Baronets,  of  Shute  Park, 
which  is  about  two  miles  distant  from  it.  The 
place  will  be  found  mentioned  in  all  the  histories 
of  Devon. 

Chideock  (no  doubt  originally  Chidwick)  is  a 
village  with  a  mansion-house  in  Dorsetshire,  be- 
tween Axminster  and  Bridport,  and  was  formerly 
the  property  of  the  Arundels.  The  castle  at  that 
place,  now  destroyed,  was  occupied  by  the  royal 
party  in  1644,  and  an  unsuccessful  attempt  to 
storm  it  was  made  by  the  parliamentary  forces  on 
the  19th  November,  on  which  occasion  they  had 
nine  men  killed  and  seven  wounded.  I  cannot 
find  any  place  in  the  neighbourhood  as  the  resi- 
dence of  Mr.  Crewe  (probably  Carew),  unless  it 
be  Mohun's  Ottery,  seven  or  eight  miles  from 
Shute.  There  is  no  such  place  as  Wyrwail  in  the 
east  of  Devon.  It  will  perhaps  be  found  in  the 
west  of  Dorset,  for  which  I  refer  your  corre- 
spondent to  Hutchins.  "  Lord  Poulett's "  was 
Hinton  St.  George,  near  Crewkerne  in  Somer- 
setshire. J-  D.  S. 

Chideock  (2""^  S.  viii.  146.)  is  a  tything,  manor, 
and  hamlet,  in  the  parish  of  Wliitchurcli-Canoni- 
corum,  in  West  Dorsetshire,  and  was  formerly 
possessed  by  the  Arundells,  ancestors  of  the  pre- 
sent Lord  Arundell  of  Wardour.  Leland  spells 
it  Chidwick,  CMdiock,  Chidiok,  and  Chidioke,  al- 
most with  the  same  dip  of  ink ;  and  Vicars,  it 
would  seem,  adds  two  more  modes  of  spelling^  it, 
viz.,  Chadwick  and  Chideok.  Its  identification 
may  help  to  ascertain  Cokam,  or  Coxam,  and 
Wyrwail,  of  which  I  know  nothing. 

C.  W.  Bingham. 

1  John,  v.  7.  (2"*  S.  viii.  175.)— Allow  me  to 
correct  an  error  in  Mr.  T.  J.  Buckton's  article. 
He  says  the  "Vatican  MS.  .  .  .  contests  with  that 


2°'>  S.  VIII.  Sept.  17.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


239 


at  Cambridge  the  palm  of  antiquity.  The  latter 
is  referred  to  hj  the  letter  A,  and  the  term  Alexan- 
drine." The  Alexandrine  MS.  is  the  one  pre- 
served in  the  Brit.  Museum,  while  the  one  at 
Cambridge  is  known  as  "  Codex  Bezae,  sive  D." 

A. 

Harry  Sopliister  (2"«  S.  viii.  86.)— There  is  no 
difficulty  as  to  the  meaning  of  this  expression.  A 
student  at  Cambridge,  who  has  declared  for  Law 
or  Physic,  may  put  on  a  full-sleeved  gown,  when 
those  of  the  same  year,  who  go  out  at  the  regular 
time,  have  taken  their  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts. 
He  is  then  styled  a  Harry-Soph,  i.  e.  epLcrocpSs. 
So  says  the  Cambridge  Calendar  for  the  current 
year.  Wm.  Matthews. 

Cowgill. 

•  James  Thomson  (2"'^  S.  viii.  50.)  —  I  remember 
reading,  about  thirty  years  ago,  an  article  on  the 
poet  Thomson  in  the  (London)  Monthly  Magazine, 
in  which  it  was  said  that  he  was  married,  but 
privately,  to  a  woman  in  what  he  considered  an 
inferior  station  in  life  to  his  own.  Uneda. 

riiiladelphia. 

Cambridge  Costume  (2"^  S.  viii.  74.  191.)  — It 
is  not  customary,  I  believe,  for  any  but  heads  of 
Louses  to  wear  the  stole  in  chapel. 

P.  J.  F.  Gantillon. 

Marriage  Customs  (2"^  S.  viii.  186.)  —  In  addi- 
tion to  the  marriage  customs  alluded  to  by  J.  N., 
there  is  another  yet  lingering  among  the  lower 
classes  in  the  West  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  —  that 
of  throwing  the  stocking.  After  the  married 
couple  has  retired,  or  as  the  common  phraseology 
is,  "  got  bedded,"  the  guests  enter  the  room,  and 
standing  with  their  backs  to  the  foot  of  the  bed, 
each  throw  a  stocking  over  the  left  shoulder  at 
the  bride,  who  during  this  ceremony  must  sit  up ; 
the  first  who  can  hit  her  is  adjudged  to  be  next 
married. 

This  practice  must  be  anything  but  pleasant  to 
the  more  modest  damsels ;  but  so  pertinaciously 
do  the  peasantry  cling  to  the  custom,  that  long 
and  strong  has  sometimes  been  the  strife  for  ad- 
mission to  the  bridal  chamber  when  the  parties 
have  refused  to  submit  to  it,  and  many  have  been 
the  schemes  resorted  to  (assisted  by  the  elder 
dames)  to  slip  ofi'  to  bed  unobserved. 

There  is  yet  another,  viz.  the  hen-drinking. 
On  the  evening  of  the  wedding  day  the  young 
men  of  the  village  call  upon  the  bridegroom  for  a 
hen  —  meaning  money  for  refreshments;  which 
having  obtained,  they  have  a  merrymaking  on 
that  or  some  subsequent  evening  in  honour  of  the 
occasion,  &c. ;  but  should  the  hen  be  refused,  the 
inmates  may  expect  some  ugly  trick  to  the  house 
ere  the  festivities  terminate — perhaps  find  the 
chimney-top  and  the  door  fastened  up  at  the  same 
time.  Hen  is  by  some  supposed  to  be  a  corrup- 
tion of  "  end,"  to  distinguish  this  from  former  con- 


tributions levied  in  the  shape  of  pitcher-money, 
given  by  the  swain  as  a  fee  to  secure  the  freedom 
of  visiting  his  sweetheart  at  all  times  without  let 
or  hindrance. 

These,  and  the  other  practices  mentioned  by 
J.  N.,  are  observed  here ;  but,  like  him,  I  never 
could  come  at  any  satisfactory  conclusion  as  to 
their  origin. 

No  doubt  the  love  of  fun,  frolic,  and  carousal, 
so  inherent  to  the  English  peasantry,  contributes 
more  than  anything  to  keep  up  the  practices, 
though  they  may  have  originated  in  far  different 
circumstances.  C.  F. 

Wakefield. 

Liverpool,  SfC.  (2"^^.  viii.  110.  198.)  — The 
etymology  of  Liverpool  is  a  vexed  question.  It  is 
noticeable  that  there  is  a  relationship  among  the 
names  in  \vh\ch.  Liver  is  a  component,  —  a  rela- 
tionship which  extends  farther  than  the  first  two 
syllables.  Thus  I  find,  Li'ivev-mcre,  h'wer-more 
(probably  moor),  hher-pool,  hiver-sedge,  and, 
which  is  the  same,  hiver-sage.  This  does  not  sug- 
gest to  me  any  clue  to  the  derivation  or  origin  of 
Liver  in  these  cases ;  but  it  is  noticeable  that  it 
appears  always  to  stand  in  a  certain  class  of  rela- 
tionships,— mere,  moor,  pool,  and  sedge.  Perhaps 
some  one  can  give  other  examples  from  the  names 
of  persons  or  places.  B.  H.  C. 

I  am  much  obliged  to  Rev.  Thomas  Boys  for 
his  communication,  which  has  led  me  to  inspect 
the  Diary  again  carefully,  and  I  am  satisfied  that 
it  is  Lerpoole,  as  he  has  conjectured.  It  is  curi- 
ous, however,  that  so  good  an  argument  can  be, 
made  for  Cespoole  as  an  old  name  for  Liverpool. 
It  is  said  in  a  petition  from  Chester  of  1602, 
printed  in  Baines's  Hist,  of  Lancashire  (iv.  73.), 
that  "  the  town  of  Liverpoole  is  but  a  creek  of 
the  port  of  Chester."  W.  C. 

"  Wirried  at  a  steack  "  (2"^  S.  viii.  58.)  —  I  thank 
Z.  for  his  explanation  of  this  phrase  ;  and  I  frankly 
confess  the  ignorance  which  he,  in  his  courtesy, 
hesitates  to  impute  to  me.  But  I  was  misled  by 
Mr.  S.  Collet,  in  whose  Relics  of  Litet-ature,  p.l58., 
I  had  met  with  the  report  of  the  case  referred  to. 
To  the  words  above  quoted,  he  has  appended  the 
following  editorial  footnote : — "Worried  like  a  bull 
or  a  badger  by  dogs  in  human  shape."  My  common 
sense  rejected  this  figurative  interpretation  of  a 
solemn  judicial  sentence  ;  and  I  thus  fell  into  an 
error  of  another  kind.  I  mention  this  as  a  warn- 
ing to  the  tyro,  how  little  dependence  is  to  be 
placed  upon  the  glosses  of  some  editors ;  who, 
indeed,  often  favour  us  with  "  comments  harder 
than  the  text."  Ache. 

Theocritus  and  Virgil  (2"*  S.  i.  472.)  —  I  can 

now  partly  reply  to  my  own  Query  by  referring 

to  Gebauer,  de  Poetarum  Grcecorum  Bncolico7'iim. 

Carminibus  a  Virgilio  adumbratis.  ^^ 

P.  J.  F.  Gantillon. 


240 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"»  S.  VIII,  Sept,  17,  '59. 


MiiceViantaug. 

NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

The  Stones  of  Etruria  and  3Iarbles  of  Ancient  Rome ; 
or  Remarks  on  Ancient  Roman  and  Etruscan  Architecture 
and  Remains,  the  Result  of  recent  Studies  on  the  Spot. 
Partly  read  at  the  Institute  of  British  Architects.  By 
George  L.  Taylor,  Architect.    (Longman  &  Co.) 

Mr.  Taylor,  the  author  of  The  Aiitiquities  of  Rome  (of 
which,  by  the  bye,  he  announce.s  a  new  edition  with  the 
addition  of  the  antiquities  discovered  since  1820),  gives  us 
in  this  nicely  illustrated  quarto  volume  the  results  of  a 
second  visit  paid  by  him  to  the  Eternal  City  after  an 
interval  of  nearly  forty  years  —  during  which  period, 
he  remarks,  the  'monuments  which  he  saw,  drew,  and 
published,  have  deteriorated  much ;  but  he  adds  that 
during  the  same  period  much*  has  been  done  in  the 
way  of  excavating  and  bringing  to  light  objects  of 
the  greatest  interest  and  importance.  It  is  impos- 
sible, in  our  limited  space,  to  point  out  how  well  Mr. 
Taylor  shows  us  page  by  page  how  "parlan  le  tombe 
e  mura,  ove  la  storia  e  muta "  —  but  to  all  who  take  an 
interest  in  the  study  of  Rome  and  Etruria,  to  the  scho- 
lar who  regards  Ancient  Eome  as  the  cradle  of  mo- 
dern civilisation  —  to  the  antiquary  who  looks  upon 
Eome  as  the  great  centre  of  all  knowledge  —  to  those 
who  have  visited  Rome  as  a  pleasant  remembrancer  of 
sunny  hours  spent  among  its  beautiful  ruins  —  to  those 
to  whom  fate  has  denied  that  pleasure,  as  some  compensa- 
tion for  their  loss,  Mr.  Taylor's  volume  cannot  fail  of 
being  very  acceptable. 

The  Life  and  Times  of  Samuel  Crompton,  Inventor  of 
the  Spinni?ig  Machine  called  the  Mule ;  being  the  Substance 
of  Two  Papers  read  to  the  Members  of  the  Bolton  Me- 
chanics^ Institution.  By  Gilbert  T.  French,  (Simpkia  & 
Marshall.) 

Called  upon  in  his  capacity  as  President  of  the  Bolton 
Mechanics'  Institution  to  make  arrangements  for  the  de- 
liver^'^  of  a  series  of  Lectures  to  the  Members  of  it,  Mr. 
French  set  the  example  of  giving  gratuitous  Lectures, 
and  selected  for  his  subject  a  native  and  townsman  of 
Bolton,  who  by  his  ingenuity  and  perseverance  had  en- 
riched, not  only  his  birthplace,  tut  his  native  country,  to 
an  unparalleled  extent ;  and  yet  who  had  been  by  that 
town  and  that  country  most  strangely  neglected,  most 
grievously  misused.  That  the  life  and  times  of  Samuel 
Crompton,  the  inventor  of  the  Mule,  which  has  been  the 
means  of  giving  employment  to  so  manj'  thousands,  and  of 
creating  so  many  princely  fortunes,  should  be  favourably 
received  by  Mr.  French's  auditors,  can  be  readilj'  be- 
lieved. For  the  narrative  is  one  which  may  be  read  with 
pleasure  by  all  who  take  an  interest  in  the  History  of 
English  Manufactures,  and  with  profit  by  all  for  the  use- 
ful moral  which  Mr.  French  draws  from  the  disregard 
paid  by  Crompton  to  the  obvious  duty  of  acquiring  a 
knowledge  of  our  fellow  men. 

The  Friends,  .Foes,  and  Adventures  of  Lady  3Iorgan. 
(Kelly,  Dublin.) 

Those  who  took  up  the  Irish  Quarterly  Review  of  last 
July  will  remember  the  pleasant,  genial,  and  gossiping 
paper  on  that  most  brilliant  of  Ireland's  daughters, 
Sydney  Lady  Morgan,  and  be  well  pleased  to  learn  that 
it  has  been  reprinted  in  a  separate  form.  The  writer, 
who  is  understood  to  be  Mr.  Fifzpatrick  (a  gentleman  to 
whom  the  readers  of  "  N,  &  Q."  have  been  frequentlj- 
indebted),  tells  us  that  his  object  has  been  rather  to  as- 
sist the  researches  of  an  accomplished  English  lad^'  ^v-ho 
is  understood  to  be  gathering  materials  for  the  life  of  Lady 
^[organ,  than  to  put  himself  forward  as  the  biographer 
^r  liis  gifted  countrywoman :   he  has,   be  his  motives 


what  they  maj',  succeeded  in  throwing  much  new  and 
interesting  light  upon  Lady  Morgan's  early  life  and  la- 
bours, and  produced  a  book  creditable  to  her  memory  and 
to  his  own  talents.  Mr.  Fitzpatrick's  valuable  Note  on 
the  Cornwallis  Papers  gave  evidence  of  the  store  of  curious 
materials  for  the  literarj'  and  political  history  of  Ireland 
which  he  has  at  his  command ;  and  the  present  volume 
encourages  us  to  hope  that  we  may  soon  be  favoured 
with  fresh  evidence  of  his  readiness  and  ability  to  make 
use  of  them. 

Books  Received.  — 

Surnames  metrically  arranged  and  classified,  with  an 
introductory  Inquiry  into  their  Origin  and  Use.  By 
Thomas  Clark,  Esq.     (Simpkin,  Marshall  &  Co.) 

This  may  be  said  to  be  a  versification  of  Mr.  Lower's 
admirable  Essay  on  Family  Nomenclature, — an  endeavour 
to  tell  in  homely  rhyme 

"  Whence  do  our  names  originate. 
And  from  what  era  take  their  date." 

Routledge's  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  the  Rev- 
J.  G.  Wood,  M.A.,  &c.  With  New  Designs  by  Wolf,  Har- 
vey, Weir,  &c.     Part  VI.     (Routledge,  Warne,  &  Co.) 

This  Sixth  Part  —  being  in  a  great  measure  devoted  to 
the  natural  history  of  the  Dog,  and  admirably  illustrated 
with  drawings  of  the  various  species  —  will  add  to  the 
great  popularity  which  this  work  has  already  attained. 

The  Poetical  Worhs  of  Thomas  Moore.  People's  Edi- 
tion.    Part  the  Sixth.     (Longman  &  Co.) 

This  Part  contains  some  of  the  best  of  Moore's  satirical 
writings  —  The  Fudge  Family  in  Paris ;  The  Fudges  in 
England ;  Fables  for  the  Holy  Alliance ;  and  Rhymes  on 
the  Road. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  tliey  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

D.  Ivcpton's  History  op  Modern  Protestant  Divines.    London.   1637. 
J.  Philipp's  Gkoroii  Regno  Honores.     1724. 
Diary  op  Philip  Horslowk  (Shakspeare  Society's  Publication.) 
"Wanted  by  Jiev.  C.  J.  Jtobinsbn,  Sevenoaks,  Kent. 


VlEY 


I's  PoBTUOUESE  DICTIONARY.      2  VolS.   8V0. 

Wanted  by  Uichardson  Brothers,  23.  Comhill,  London. 


^aiitti  t0  Corr0)Sjj0ntfenW. 

Among  other  articles  of  intcrestwhich  we  have  been  compelled  to  omit 
from  the  present  No.  are  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis  on  The  Lion  m  Italy  ;  Mr. 
Brent  on  King  John  and  the  Jews  in  Canterbury  ;  and  Mr.  CresicelVs 
List  of  Books  printed  at  Nottingliam. 

Mr.  John  Nurse  Chadwick,  of  King's  Lynn,  is  desirous  of  finding  a 
Correspondent  willing  to  make  searches  in  the  Registers  of  Sheffield. 

C.  J.  B.  Dorothy  Selby'a  Epitaph  is  printed  in  "  N.  &  Q."  2nd  8.  ii. 
p.  248. ;  and  at  pp.  314.  415.  of  same  volume  is  some  interesting  Cor- 
respondence on  the  subject  of  lier  claim  to  have  "  disclosed  that  plot "  — 
the  Gunpowder  Plot. 

P.  The  exhibition  and  sale  of  the  remaining  pictures  of  the  Orleans 
Gcdlery  {not  including  those  purchased  bi/  the  Duke  of  Bridgewater')  took 
place  the  latter  end  of  March,  \79S.  Gent.  Mag.,  Mar.  1799,  p.  183.; 
and  Jameson's  Private  Picture  Galleries,  pp.  xxx.  82. 

W.  T.  Pelcr  Paragraph,  dramatised  by  Footc,  was  George  Paulkner, 
the  Dublin  printer. 

J.  A.  P— N.  Most  biographical  dictionaries  (except  Knight's)  contain 
an  account  ofBisliop  John  Cosin,  especially  Kiripis's.  See  also  a  Memoir 
of  him  by  the  Rev.  J.  S.  Brewer,  prefixed  to  The  History  of  Transub- 
stantiation,  l2mo.  1840.  The  bishop's  sealis Frelty  in  a  bordure.  Ash- 
mole  MS,  8585.  gives  Az.,  a  fret  Or;  but  Surtees's  Durliam,  Arg.,  a  fret 
Az, 

J.  H.  Van  Lennep.  The  MS.  has  been  sent  to  the  gentleman  named  by 
you. 

"  Notes  and  Qoehies"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
iisued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
■Sir  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (.including  the  Half- 
yearly  Inobi)  is  lU.  4(?.,  which  mav  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  -Messrs.  Bell  and  DALDy,lS6.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.;  to  whom 
all  CoMMDNicAiioi«5  FOR  THE  Editob  should  be  addressed. 


2n«i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '39.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  SEPTEMBER  24. 1859. 


No.  195.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  !  — The  Lion  in  Italy,  by  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis,  241— Folk  Lore  : 
One  Magpie  ^  Warts  —  Bees  —  Cliristmas  Eve  —  Sickening  Calte  — 
Rustic  Superstition  —  Saints'  Days  —  Custom  at  Farn borough —  Eng- 
lisli  and  Foreign  Custom  of  Eating  Goose.  242  — King  Julm  and  the 
Jews  in  Canterbury,  by  John  Brent,  243  — County  Libraries,  by  Rev. 
S.  F.  Creswell,  244  —  Flyleaf  Scribblings,  245  — Charter  of  Alexander 

n.,  Jb. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Rosenfeldians  and  Mormonites  _  Epigram  on  Coisar 
Borgia  — Walliing  Stewart  —  Bearded  Women,  246. 

QXJERIES  :  —Biblical  Conjecture-Notes  :  the  right  Date  of  the  Epistle 
to  the  Ilebrews,  by  I"rancis  Barham,  247  — Lady  Curloss's  Dream, 
by  Lady  I3ulwer  Lytton, 247. 

Minor  Qoeries:  — "La  Thi^baide:  "  Remy's  "La  Pucelle  "  — Jasper 
Runic  King  —  Dr.  Thomas  Brett  —  Archiepiscopal  Mitre  —  Baron  of 
Beef  at  Windsor  —  Shawl,  at  Leybourn  —  The  Frog  a  Symbol  — 
Dyche's  English  Dictionary,  by  Wm.  Purdon  —  Cran brook  Grammar 
School  —  Battens  —  Bell  Metal  —  Norton  Family,  &c.,  248. 

Minor    Qokries  with   Answers:  —  An  Almery — Gog  and  Magog 

"  Horn  Childe :  Child  Horn  "  — Lobster,  a  Nickname  for  Soldier- 
Heraldic:  Arms  of  Greig  —  Leslie's  Answer  to  Abp.  King,  251. 

REPLIES  :  —  Major  Duncanson  and  the  Massacre  of  Glencoe,  by  T. 
Carter,  *c.,  252  —  "  Tlie  Wren  Song,"  by  Sir  J.  Emerson  Tennent,  &c. 
253  —  Henry  Smitli,  by  B.  H.  Cowper,  254. 

Replirs  to  Minor  Queries  :  — "  Life  is  before  ye!  "  —  Eiford  —  Super- 
Altars— Vales  of  Red  and  White  Horse- John  Anderson  —  Marat 
—  Ballop- Scotch  Genealogies  — Extraordinary  Birtli  —  Liverpool, 
Cespoole,  Lerpoole  — The  Vulgate  of  1 482  —  Pill-garUck  —  Very — 
"  O  whar  got  ye  Siat  bonnie  blue  bonnet,"  &c.,  255. 


THE   LION   IN   ITALY. 

The  prodigies  which  immediately  preceded  the 
assassination  of  Julius  Caesar  are  described  in  the 
following  passages :  Suet,  Cces.  81. ;  Val.  Max., 
i.  6.  13.;  ib.  7.  2.;  Obsequens,  c.  127.  (67.); 
Plut.  Cces.,  63.;  Appian,  B.C.  ii.  115.;  Dio 
Cass.,  xliv.  17.  Compare  Virg.  Georg.,  i.  466. 
They  were:  1.  A  dream  of  Csesar  himself,  that 
he  had  been  carried  up  into  the  clouds,  and  had 
taken  Jupiter  by  the  right  hand.  2.  A  dream  of 
his  wife  Calphurnia,  that  their  house  had  fallen  in, 
and  that  he  had  been  wounded  by  assassins,  and 
had  taken  refuge  in  her  bosom.  3.  The  arms  of 
Mars,  deposited  in  his  house,  rattled  at  night.  4. 
The  doors  of  the  room  where  he  slept  flew  open 
spontaneously.  5.  The  victims  and  birds  were 
inauspicious.  6.  Solitary  birds  appeared  in  the 
forum.  7.  There  were  lights  in  the  sky  and  noc- 
turnal noises.  8.  Fiery  figures  of  men  were  seen  ; 
a  flame  issued  from  the  hand  of  a  soldier's  slave 
without  hurting  him.  9.  After  the  murder  of 
Caesar,  it  was  remembered  that  the  attendant  re- 
moved his  gilded  chair  from  the  senate  room, 
thinking  that  he  would  not  attend  the  meeting. 

Shakspeare,  in  the  play  of  Julius  Ccesar,  intro- 
duces Casca  relating  to  Cicero  the  prodigies  seen 
on  this  occasion.      He  first   describes   a  violent 
thunderstorm,  and  next  proceeds  thus;  — 
"  A  common  slave  (you  know  him  well  bj'  sight), 
Held  up  his  left  hand,  which  did  flame,  and  burn 
Like  twenty  torches  joined ;  and  yet  his  hand, 
Not  sensible  of  fire,  remained  unscorched. 
Besides  (I  have  not  since  put  up  mj'  sword), 
Against  the  Capitol  J  met  a  lion. 
Who  glared  upon  me,  and  went  surly  by. 
Without  annoying  me ;  and  there  were  drawn 


Upon  a  heap  a  hundred  ghastly  women, 
Transformed  with  their  fear,  who  swore  they  saw 
Men,  all  on  fire,  walk  up  and  down  the  streets. 
And  yesterday  the  bird  of  night  did  sit, 
Even  at  noonday,  upon  the  market  place, 
.      Hooting  and  shrieking."  —  Act  I.  Sc.  3. 

Lower  down,  in  the  same  scene,  Cassias  alludes 
to  the  prodigy  of  the  lion  in  the  Capitol :  — 

" .         .        .        .        Now  could  I,  Casca, 
Name  to  thee  a  man  most  like  this  dreadful  night, 
That  thunders,  lightens,  opens  graves,  and  roars 
As  doth  the  lion  in  the  Capitol." 

In  a  subsequent  scene,  Calphurnia  relates  other 
prodigies  to  CaDsar  :  — 

"  CaBsar,  I  never  stood  on  ceremonies, 
Yet  now  they  fright  me.     There  is  one  within, 
Besides  the  things  that  we  have  heard  and  seen, 
Recounts  most  horrid  sights  seen  by  the  watch. 
A  lioness  hath  whelped  in  the  streets. 
And  graves  have  yawned,  and  yielded  up  their  dead ; 
Fierce  fiery  warriors  fight  upon  the  clouds 
In  ranks  and  squadrons  and  right  form  of  war, 
Which  drizzled  blood  upon  the  Capitol. 
The  noise  of  battle  hurtled  in  the  air, 
Horses  did  neigh,  and  d3'ing  men  did  groan, 
And  ghosts  did  shriek  and  squeal  about  the  streets." 

Act  II.  Sc.  2. 
The  prodigies  of  the  lion  in  the  Capitol,  and  of 
the  lioness  whelping  in  the  streets  of  Rome,  do  not 
occur  in  any  ancient  writer,  and  were  introduced 
by  Shakspeare  himself.  Their  introduction  proves 
him  to  have  overlooked  the  fact  that  the  lion  was 
never  a  native  of  Italy. 

Lucretius,  in  a  passage  of  his  fifth  book,  de- 
scribes the  nature  of  men  and  animals  as  showing 
itself  from  their  birth,  and  he  thus  speaks  of  the 
young  of  leopards  and  lions  :  — 

"•At  catuli  pantherarum  scj'mnique  leonum 
Unguibus  ac  pedibus  jam  turn  morsuque  repugnant, 
Vix  etiam  cum  sunt  dentes  unguesque  creati." 

V.  1034-6. 
It  may  be  doubted  whether  this  statement  was 
founded  upon  observation,  and  whether  Lucretius 
ever  saw  the  young  of  the  leopard  and  the  lion. 
Certainly,  the  lion's  whelps  which  were  exhibi'ted 
a  few  years  ago  in  this  country  appeared  tame 
and  good-natured,  and  quite  devoid  of  the  ferocity 
which  is  the  attribute  of  the  full-grown  animal. 

In  a  subsequent  passage  of  the  same  book,  he 
speaks  of  the    early  generations  of  mankind  as 
using  savage  animals  for  the  purposes  of  war :  — 
"  Tentarunt  etiam  tauros  in  moenere  belli, 
Expertique  sues  ssevos  sunt  mittere  in  hostes. 
Et  validos  partim  prae  se  misere  leones, 
Cum  doctoribus  armatis  saevisque  magistris, 
Qui  moderarier  his  possint  vinclisque  tenere." 

V.  1306-10. 
In  the  following  verses  (v.  1311-27.)  he  de- 
scribes this  experiment  as  unsuccessful,  because 
these  animals  turned  upon  their  own  men,  and 
destroyed  them.  Lucretius  states  elsewhere  in 
the  same  book  that  his  illustrations  of  primitive 
society  were  not  derived  from  any  historical  re- ' 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  VIII.  Sept,  24.  '59. 


cord  or  tradition,  but  were  founded  on  mere  sup- 
positions of  probability.  He  represents  the  arts 
of  writing  and  poetry  to  have  arisen  simultane- 
ously with  civil  society,  agriculture,  and  naviga- 
tion :  — 

"  Carminibus  cum  res  gestas  coepere  poetae 
Tradere ;  nee  multo  prius  sunt  elementa  reperta. 
Propterea  quid  sit  prius  actum  respicere  aetas 
Nostra  nequit,  nisi  qua  ratio  vestigia  monstrat." 

V.  1442-5. 

The  idea  that  lions  were  used  in  war  is  doubt- 
less one  of  these  hypotheses  ;  and  it  is  a  hypothesis 
which  probably  never  had  any  foundation  in 
reality. 

It  may  be  remarked,  in  connexion  with  the 
occurrence  of  the  lion  in  Northern  Greece,  that 
he  appears  on  the  coins  of  several  towns  in  that 
region,  though  otherwise  this  symbol  is  only  found 
on  Greek  coins  in  connexion  with  Hercules.  Thus 
some  of  the  coins  of  Acanthus,  in  Chalcidice,  re- 
present a  lion  killing  an  ox  ;  of  Apollonia,  in 
Mydonia,  a  lion's  head ;  of  Cardia,  in  Thrace,  a 
lion  walking;  of  Chersonesus,  in  Thrace,  the 
head  and  neck  of  a  lion  ;  of  Lysimachia,  in  Thrace, 
a  lion's  head.  (See  Leake's  Numismata  Hellenica, 
"N.  &  Q,.,"  2"«  S.  viii.  81.) 

Dr.  Clarke,  in  his  Travels  in  Greece,  Egypt, 
and  the  Holy  Land  (vol.  iii.  pp.  170. 172.,  ed.  8vo., 
1817),  describes  his  ascent  of  Mount  Gargarus  in 
the  Troad,  and  states  that  he  saw  on  the  snow  the 
footsteps  of  an  animal,  which  the  guides  assured 
him  were  the  footsteps  of  a  tiger.  He  adds  that 
leopards  are  likewise  found  in  this  wild  region ; 
and  that  when  they  are  killed,  the  inhabitants  are 
bound  to  take  the  skin  to  the  Pasha  of  the  Dar- 
danelles. Leopards  are  still  found  near  the  coast 
of  Asia  Minor,  and  are  not  rare :  but  the  tiger  is 
not  a  native  of  any  country  west  of  the  Indus,  and 
the  footsteps  seen  by  Dr.  Clarke  were  certainly 
not  those  of  ji  tiger.  G.  C,  Lewis. 


FOLK   LORE. 


One  Magpie.  —  An  old  college  friend  of  mine 
invariably  took  off  his  hat  when  one  crossed  the 
road,  to  propitiate  the  ill-omened  bird  ;  and  a  lady 
of  my  acquaintance  to  this  day,  under  similar  cir- 
cumstances, makes  a  cross  on  the  ground  with  her 
foot  to  ward  off  the  threatened  ill-luck. 

Warts.  —  When  I  was  a  child  I  was  a  good 
deal  troubled  with  warts,  which  were,  I  fancy, 
more  common  forty  years  ago  than  they  are  now, 
and  my  old  nurse,  a  Kentish  woman,  directed  me 
to  watch  the  opportunity  when  a  funeral  was 
passing,  and  then  wetting  the  fore-finger  with 
saliva  to  rub  the  wart  three  times  in  the  same 
direction,  saying  on  each  occasion,  "  My  wart  go 
with  you,"  taking  care  that  the  incantation  was 
unobserved.  I  cannot,  however,  bear  testimony 
to  its  success. 


Bees.  —  An  old  blacksmith  in  this  county 
(Cheshire)  lamented  to  me  the  other  day  the  ill- 
success  which  attended  his  beekeeping  ever  since 
the  death  of  his  wife,  attributing  it  to  his  having 
neglected  to  turn  the  hives  round  when  that  event 
occurred.  Here  we  see  the  union  of  two  super- 
stitions :  the  ill-luck  said  to  attend  upon  not  in- 
forming the  hives  of  the  death,  and  the  still 
commoner  superstition,  that  by  turning  your  chair 
round  you  change  your  fortune  at  cards. 

N.B.  The  same  man  refused  to  sell  me  a  hive. 

Christmas  Eve.  —  I  have  been  told  in  Lanca- 
shire that  at  midnight  on  Christmas  Eve  the  cows 
fall  on  their  knees,  and  the  bees  hum  the  Hun- 
dredth Psalna.  I  am  unwilling  to  destroy  the 
poetry  of  these  old  superstitions,  but  their  origiii 
can,  i  think,  be  accounted  for.  Cows,  as  it  is  well 
known,  on  rising  from  the  ground  get  up  on  their 
knees  first ;  and  a  person  going  into  the  "  Ship- 
pon "  at  midnight  would  no  doubt  disturb  the 
occupants,  and,  by  the  time  he  looked  round,  they 
would  all  be  rising  on  their  knees.  The  buzzing 
of  the  bees,  too,  might  easily  be  formed  into  a 
tune  ;  and,  with  the  Hundredth  Psalm  running  in 
the  head  of  the  listener,  fancy  would  supply  the 
rest.  Wellbank. 

Sickening  Cake. — In  the  North  Riding  of  York- 
shire, at  the  birth  of  the  first  child,  the  first  slice 
of  the  "  sickening  cake  "  is  cut  into  small  pieces  by 
the  medical  man,  to  be  used  by  the  unmarried  as 
dreaming-bread.  Each  takes  a  piece,  places  it  in 
the  foot  of  the  left  stocking,  and  throws  it  over 
the  right  shoulder.  She  must  retire  to  and  get 
into  bed  backways  without  speaking,  and  if  she 
falls  asleep  before  twelve  o'clock,  her  future  part- 
ner will  appear  in  her  dream, 

C,  J.  D.  Ingledew. 

Rustic  Superstition.  — 

"  It  'ud  ha'  been  better  luck  if  they'd  ha'  buried  him  i' 
the  forenoon,  when  the  rain  was  fallin' :  there's  no  lilce- 
lihood  of  a  drop  now :  an'  the  moon  lies  lilte  a  boat  there. 
That's  a  sure  sign  of  fair  weather." — •  Ada?n  Bede,  vol.  ii. 
p.  23.,  1st  edit. 

To  what  piece  of  folk-lore  does  the  above  pas- 
sage refer  ?  And  to  what  part  of  the  country 
does  it  belong  ? 

When  is  the  moon  said  to  be  like  a  boat  ?       A. 

Saints'  Days.  —  In  various  parts  of  the  country 
there  are  still  in  use  certain  distichs  relating  to 
saints'  days,  connecting  them  with  the  weather, 
and  other  material  facts  which  occur  about  the 
time  of  their  celebration.  Thus  we  have  :  — 
"  St.  Barnaby  bright !  St.  Barnaby  bright ! 
The  longest  day  and  the  shortest  night." 

June  11th  (Old  Style). 
"  St.  Thomas  gray !  St.  Thomas  gray  ! 
The  longest  night  and  the  shortest  day." 

December  21st. 
"  St.  Bartholomew, 
Bring'st  the  cold  dew." 

August  21th. 


2"^  S.  VIII.  Seft.  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


243 


In  Herefordshire  the  weather  on  6r  about  St. 
James's  day  (July  25th)  is  said  to  influence  the 
hop,  which  is  largely  grown  in  that  county,  in 
some  way ;  but  1  forget  the  distich. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents  who  are 
able  may  be  willing  to  record  more  of  such  verses 
(of  which  there  are  many)  as  relate  to  the  periods, 
if  not  to  the  influence,  of  saints'  days,  before  they 
be  irrecoverably  lost.  A.  F. 

Custom  at  Farriborough.  —  I  extract  the  fol- 
lowing from  the  Manchester  Courier,  July  23  :  — 

"  The  stranger  who  chances  to  attend  divine  service  in 
Farnborough  parish  church  on  the  Sunday  next  after 
the  Feast  of  St.  Peter,  has  his  attention  arrested  by  the 
floor  of  the  porch  being  strewed  with  reeds.  By  an  ab- 
stract of  the  will  of  George  Dalton,  gent.,  of  Farnborough, 
dated  December  3rd,  1556,  set  forth  on  a  mural  tablet  in 
the  interior  of  the  church,  he  learns  that  this  gentleman 
settled  a  perpetual  annuity  of  13s.  Ad.  chargeable  upon 
his  lands  at  Tuppendence  —  10s.  to  the  preacher  of  a  ser- 
mon on  the  Sunday  next  after  the  Feast  of  St.  Peter,  and 
3s.  4</.  to  the  poor.  Local  traditional  lore  affirms  that 
Mr.  Dalton  was  saved  from  drowning  by  reeds,  and  that 
the  annual  sermon  and  odd  manner  of  decorating  the 
porch  are  commemorative  of  the  event.  Keed-day,  or 
flag-day,  as  it  is  indifierently  called  by  the  inhabitants 
of  the  village,  recurred  on  Sunday  last,  July  3rd,  and 
was  duly  honoured  after  the  customary  mode,  which  has 
obtained  for  nearly  300  years." — Maidstone  Gazette. 

LiBTA. 

English  and  Foreign  Custom  of  eating  Goose. 
—  Why  do  the  English  eat  goose  on  St.  Michael's 
Day,  and  other  Teutonic  nations  on  St.  Martin's 
Day  ?  And  why  is  Luther  (who  was  born  on  St. 
Martin's  Eve)  often  represented  with  a  goose  ? 

Fba.  Mewburn. 


KING  JOHN  AND  THE  JEWS  IN  CANTERBURY. 

King  John,  whose  reputation,  neither  as  a 
monarch  nor  a  man,  had  ever  a  "  sweet  savour  " 
in  history,  possessed  nevertheless  a  certain  sort  of 
popularity  among  the  lower  classes  of  his  subjects. 
At  all  events,  he  holds  in  the  popular  songs  and 
legends  a  rather  more  favourable  position  than  he 
does  in  any  other  records. 

No  man  was  fonder  of  jests  and  revelry  :  con- 
tinually wandering  up  and  down  his  dominions 
during  the  whole  of  his  disgraceful  reign,  it  is 
possible  that  he  may  have  become  popular  among 
a  class  whose  humour  was  not  the  most  refined, 
and  whose  appreciation  of  character,  in  a  king  at 
least,  was  not  the  most  correct. 

In  him  posterity  has  recognised  both  a  bad  man 
and  a  bad  king;  but  the  commonalty,  in  olden 
times  at  least,  was  not  fastidious :  and  as  certain 
emperors  of  Rome  once  sought  to  obtain  popu- 
larity from  the  "  plebs,"  by  exhibiting  themselves 
as  gladiators,  so  John  might  not  always  have 
avoided  making  mirth  and  amusement  for  the 
people,  when  he  sought  recreation  for  himself,  in 
practical  jokes  and  in  low  buSbonery. 

This  monarch  was  occasionally  at  Canterbury. 


From  this  city  he  proceeded  to  Dover  on  his  dis- 
graceful mission  to  resign  the  crown  of  England  to 
Pandulf,  the  Pope's  Legate.  According  to  the 
itinerary  of  his  journeys,  he  appears  to  have  pro- 
ceeded in  a  dilatory  and  tortuous  manner,  on  his 
royal  road  to  degradation. 

From  Canterbury  he  departed  on  the  6th  of 
May,  1213,  to  Ewell,  a  hamlet  situated  about  three 
miles  from  Dover.  Here  he  remained  a  short 
time,  and  on  the  seventh  day  he  went  to  Dover, 
returning  to  Ewell  the  same  evening.  As  the 
Knights  Templars  had  a  house  in  this  neighbour- 
hood, he  probably  took  up  his  quarters  with  them, 
abiding  here  twelve  days :  thence  he  went  to 
Wingham,  about  ten  miles  across-  the  country,  in 
a  somewhat  retrograde  direction ;  then  back  again 
to  Dover ;  thence  to  Wingham  again,  and  then, 
avoiding  Canterbury,  his  degradation  being  con- 
summated, he  slunk  away  round  to  Chilham  Castle. 
The  next  day  he  went  to  Ospringe,  thence  to 
Rochester,  then  back  again  to  Chilham,  and  thence 
to  Battle.  These  peregrinations  occupied  about 
thirty-nine  days.  The  delay  at  Ewell  after  his 
submission  to  the  Pope  was  no  doubt  occasioned 
by  his  waiting  for  his  sceptre,  which  Pandulf  is 
said  to  have  retained  for  five  days. 

King  John  addressed  many  special  communi- 
cations to  his  "good  city  of  Canterbury,"  and 
honoured  it  by  levying  sundry  exactions  on  its 
inhabitants. 

A.D.  1205,  he  gives  a  mill  at  Canterbury  "  to 
his  beloved  clerk,  Master  Peter  de  Inglesham." 

A.D.  1212,  he  demands  of  the  Prajpositi  and 
good  men  of  Canterbury,  if  they  will  love  him, 
eighty  men  armed,  of  the  best  men  of  Canterbury, 
to  be  sent  to  him  at  Westminster. 

A.D.  1214,  he  writes  from  Rochelle,  demand- 
ing a  special  contribution  from  Canterbury  on 
account  of  the  Pope's  interdict  having  been  re- 
laxed. 

A.D.  1215,  he  demands  a  supply  of  pike  heads*, 
as  many  as  possible,  to  be  sent  without  delay  to 
Rochester ;  and  that  all  the  smiths  of  the  city  be 
taken  off  all  other  work  whatever,  and  work  night 
and  day,  to  expedite  this  demand. 

The  same  year  he  demands  a  quantity  of  wheels^ 
or  wheeled  carriages  for  his  use.    - 

He  takes  away  certain  houses  belonging  to  the 
Jews  at  Canterbury,  and  among  others  he  presents 
to  William  de  Waren,  Earl  of  Surry,  "  the  house 
belonging  to  Benedict,  the  little  Jew,  and  to  Isaac, 
his  brother  of  Canterbury,  in  Jewry,  London." 

John,  it  is  well  known,  considered  the  Jews  of 
England  as  his  special  property,  and  although  he 
at  times  protected  them  against  the  encroachments 
of  others,  and  even  naively  observed  in  reference 
to  this  people,  in  one  of  his  decrees  to  the  city  of 
London,  "  that  if  it  were  a  dog,  and  he  had  taken 
him  under  his  protection,  he  would  defend  him ; " 

[*  Ficoisios,  i.  e.  pickaxes  ? — Ed.  ] 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59. 


he  never  spared  them  when  his  own  wants  were  to 
be  gratified. 

He  would  give  away  their  houses  and  chattels 
with  impunity ;  sometimes  to  the  most  unworthy 
favourites,  in  liquidation  of  a  gambling  debt,  or  as 
a  reward  for  an  after-dinner  jest.  Sometimes  one 
Jew  was  robbed  for  the  advantage  of  another : 
thus  he  bestowed  upon  Abram,  the  cross-bowman, 
a  Jew,  the  house  of  one  Isaac,  son  of  Jacob,  and 
Bona  his  wife,  at  Canterbury. 

Many  Jews  appear  from  an  early  date  to  have 
resided  at  Canterbury ;  the  designation  "  Jury 
Lane  "  suggests  the  locality  they  inhabited. 

It  is  not  perhaps  generally  known  that  the  Jews 
formed  part  of  the  population  of  England  even  in 
Anglo-Saxon  times.  In  a  charter  of  WitglafF,  a 
king  of  Mercia,  conceded  to  the  monks  of  Croy- 
land,  the  Jews  are  recognised  as  holding,  or  having 
held,  possessions.  This  charter,  if  authentic,  was 
granted  a.d.  833.  In  the  "Canonical  Excerptions," 
published  by  Egbricht,  Archbishop  of  York,  a.d. 
740,  Christians  are  forbidden  to  be  present  at 
Jewish  feasts. 

The  exact  period  at  which  the  Jews  entered 
this  country  is  uncertain.  A  brick  of  Roman 
manufacture  is  said  to  have  been  found  in  some 
excavations  in  London,  having  in  relief  a  repre- 
sentation of  Sampson  driving  the  foxes  into  a  field 
of  corn.  From  this  very  doubtful  evidence  it  has 
been  supposed  that  the  Jews,  after  the  destruc- 
tion of  Jerusalem,  -extended  their  wanderings  to 
Britain,  when  under  subjection  to  Rome. 

From  the  time  of  William  the  Conqueror  to  the 
18th  Edward  the  First,  when  the  Jews  were  ex- 
pelled the  kingdom,  they  suffered  almost  every 
variety  of  extortion  and  oppression,  paying  for  the 
commonest  rights  of  mankind,  justice  and  protec- 
tion, the  most  exorbitant  sums. 

King  John  for  a  few  years  relaxed  this  cruel 
policy,  and  gave  them  a  charter  of  protection ;  in 
the  eleventh  year  of  his  reign,  however,  he  recalled 
this  grant,  althou^jh  he  had  received  for  it  four 
thousand  marks,  and  suddenly  ordered  all  the  Jews 
in  Enifland  to  be  imprisoned  until  they  had  made 
a  disclosure  of  their  wealth. 

The  Jews  were  the  earliest  bankers  and  money 
lenders ;  and  as  from  the  precariousness  of  their 
possessions,  and  from  the  general  insecurity  of  all 
property  in  the  Middle  Ages,  they  demanded  a 
high  rate  of  interest,  they  might  fairly  be  classed 
as  usurers. 

Henry  III.  prohibited  them  from  taking  more 
than  twopence  a  week  for  every  twenty  shillings 
they  lent  the  scholars  at  Oxford. 

The  Jews  at  Canterbury  were  probably  not 
more  liberal  than  their  countrymen  elsewhere : 
Peter  of  Blois,  Archdeacon  of  Bath,  complains  of 
"  being  dragged  to  Canterbury  to  be  crucified  by 
the  perfidious  Jews;"  he  had  borrowed  money  of 
them,  and  he  writes  to  his  friend  the  Bishop  of 
Ely,  begging  him  to  interfere  for  his  protection, 


beseeching  'him  "  to  become  bound  to  Sampson, 
the  Jew,  for  six  pounds,"  which  he  says,  "  I  owe 
him,  and  thereby  deliver  me  from  this  cross."  The 
figurative  cross  to  which  the  worthy  archdeacon 
alluded  became  a  material  one  with  the  antiquary, 
William  Somner,  historian  of  Canterbury,  who 
believed  that  the  Jews  crucified  every  child  they 
could  get  at  about  Christmas. 

King  John,  whose  name  we  have  introduced  in 
connexion  with  the  Jews  of  Canterbury,  issued 
some  decrees  so  extraordinary  and  unkinglike, 
that  we  are  tempted  to  introduce  one  or  two  as 
they  are  recorded  in  the  Close  or  Patent  Rolls. 

In  one  missive  he  sends  to  the  knights,  barons, 
and  freeholders  of  Sussex,  begging  they  would 
assist  in  carrying  his  timber  to  Lewes,  assuring 
them  "  that  he  asks  the  same  as  a  favour,  and  not 
as  a  right,  so  that  it  may  not  be  turned  into  a 
custom  for  their  prejudice." 

Occasionally  he  usurped  high  spiritual  powers, 
transcending  even  the  attributes  of  the  Pope  him- 
self. Thus  by  "  letters  patent "  he  gives  a  licence 
to  a  certain  Peter  Buillo  "  to  enter  into  any  reli- 
gion* he  pleases." 

He  had  a  most  exalted  opinion  of  his  preroga- 
tive, and  in  another  decree  threatens  all  who  dis- 
obey him,  "  that  thereby  they  will  incur  not  only 
the  anger  of  God,  but  every  curse  by  which  an 
anointed  and  consecrated  king  can  curse." 

The  "  anointed  king "  then  orders  on  another 
occasion,  "  that  Peter  the  clerk  be  exchanged  for 
Ferrand  the  cross-bowman,  if  sound ;  but  if  dis- 
membered, Peter  be  dismembered  also."  "  Men 
were  fined,"  says  Hallam,  "  for  the  king's  good 
will,  or  that  he  would  remit  his  anger,  or  to  have 
his  mediation  with  their  enemies."  Fines  were 
levied  in  mere  sport,  and  their  exaction  was 
decreed  in  the  public  records  of  the  kingdom. 
Thus,  as  Hume  informs  us,  "  the  Bishop  of  Win- 
chester paid  a  tun  of  wine  to  King  John  for  not 
reminding  him  to  give  a  girdle  to  the  Countess  of 
Albemarle,"  and  Robert  de  Vaux  gave  his  five 
best  palfreys  to  the  king,  "  that  he  would  hold 
his  peace  about  Henry  Pinel's  wife." 

John  Bbekt. 

Canterbury. 


COUNTT  UBBABIES. 

"  It  will  also  be  of  advantage  —  often  in  more  ways 
than  one  —  to  collect  the  productions  of  local  printers  on 
whatever  subject,  however  trivial,  especially  if  the  town 
or  city  have  been  the  seat  of  an  early  press." — Edwards's 
Memoirs  of  Libraries,  vol.  ii.  p.  574. 

Such  works  give  very  interesting  glimpses  of 
the  spread  of  feeling  and  information,  and,  in  this 
respect,  the  study  is  more  profitable  than  that  of 
local  numismatics. 

The  list  below  is  one  of  books  and  pamphlets  in 


[*  Meaning  probably  a  religious  order.— Ed,] 


2°d  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


245 


my  possession  printed  at  Nottingham  up  to  seventy  years  ago ;  the  names,  however,  of  those  marked 
with  an  asterisk  were  those  of  the  sellers  only. 


Author,  Editor,  etc. 

TiTLB,   ETC. 

Printer,  etc. 

John  Barret,  M.A. 

The  Christian  Temper. 

*Samuel  Richards,  1678. 

Daniel  Chadwick. 

Sermon.     Mai.  iii.  16. 

*John  Richards,  1698. 

John  Whitlock. 

That  Great  Duty,  &c. 

♦John  Richards,  1698. 

John  Whitlock  and  Jo.  W.,  Junior. 

The  Remahis  of  Mr.  Joseph  Barrett. 

*John  Richards,  1700. 

John  Barrett,  M.A. 

A  Discourse  concerning  Pardon  of  Sin. 

*  Hannah  Richards,  1703. 

Edward  Clarke,  M.A. 

Thanksg.  Sermon.     Ps.  Ixiv.  9,  10. 

*Gervas  Sulley,  1703. 

J.  Barret. 

Legacy  of  a  Dying  Minister. 

J.  CoUyer,  1713. 

J.  Collyer,  2d  ed.  1713. 

Fr.  Stanley. 

Christianity  Indeed. 

Robert  Marsden,  B.D. 

Assize  Sermon.     Gal.  iv.  18. 

*W.  Ward,  1713. 

A    Lover  of  all   hearty  and  cha- 

A  Vindication  of   Presbyterian   Ordi- 

J. Collyer,  1714. 

ritable  Protestants. 

nation. 

Daniel  Robinson,  Piiilomusic. 

An  Essay  upon  Vocal  Musick. 

J.  Collyer,  1715. 

Samuel  Berdmore,  M.A. 

Assize  Sermon.     1  Cor.  x.  10. 

*William  Ward,  1715. 

Samuel  Berdmore,  M.A. 

Arty.  Comp.  Sermon.     Gal.  iv.  18. 

*John  Collyer,  1716. 

Richardus  Johnson. 

Aristarchus  Anti-Bentleianus. 

Gulielmus  Ayscough,  1717. 

Jolin  Killingbeck,  B.D. 

Eighteen  Sermons. 

Will.  Ayscough,  1717. 

Abr.  Jeacock. 

Sermon.     Acts  xvi.  31. 

John  Collyer,  at  the  Hen-Cross.  1721. 

Anon. 

A  Copy  of  a  Poll  ....  Co.  of  Netting. 

Anne  Ayscough,  1722. 

John  Disney. 

Sermon.    2  Sam.  xxiii.  3. 

*  William  Ward,  1724. 

Charles  Cotton,  Esq. 

The  Wonders  of  the  Peak. 

John  Collyer,  1725. 

R.  W.,  a  Lover  of  Divine  Musick. 

The  Excellent  Use  of  Psalmody. 

George  Ayscough  and  *Richard  Willis  in 
Bearwood  Lane,  1734. 

A  Tradesman. 

Serious  Advice. 

Tho.  Collyer,  near  the  Hen-Cross,  1734. 

John  Foss,  A.M. 

Assize  Sermon.    Matth.  vil.  12. 

•William  Ward,  1735. 

C.  Deering,  M.D. 

Catalogus  Stirpium,  &c. 

G.  Ayscough,  1738. 

Rev.  Mr.  Henson. 

A  New  Latin  Grammar. 

G.  Ayscough,  1744. 

John  Cheshire,  M.B. 

The  Gouty  Man's  Companion. 

G.  Ayscough,  1747. 

Robert  Barber,  Castleton. 

David's  Harp  well  Tuned, 

•Joseph  Heath,  1753. 

Anon. 

Nottingham  Poll-Book. 

Samuel  Creswell  in  the  Market-Place,  and 
sold   by  Mr.  Ward  Bookseller,  near  the 
While-Lion,  H-M. 

Samuel  Hammond. 

A  new  Introduction  to  Learning. 

Samuel  Creswell,  N  D. 

John  Bunyan. 

The  Pilgrim's  Progress. 

S.  Creswell,  New  Change,  31st  ed.  N.  D. 

W.  Salmon,  Gent. 

Memoirs  of.  .  .  .  Frederick  III. 

Sam.  Creswell,  and  sold  by  J.  Deacres,  17.59. 

Matthew  Pilkington,  LL.B. 

Sermon,  Genesis  xvii.  2. 

Samuel  Creswell  in  the  New-Change,  1760. 

A  Scheme  ....  Navigation  fromT 

Tetney-Haven  to  Louth  .  .  .  .  j- 
Report.                                         3 
Rev.  Lemuel  Abbott. 

John  Grundy,  John  Smeaton,  engineer. 

Samuel  Creswell,  1761. 

Poems  ....  A  short  Essay. 

Samuel  Creswell,  1765. 

Anon. 

Nottingham  Poll-Book. 

Printed  by  George  Burbage,  for  S.  Creswell 
and  G.  Burbage ;  also  sold  by  Mr  Ward, 
and  Mr  Heath,  Booksellers  in  Notting- 
ham, 1774. 

John  Barrett. 

Sermon.     Job  xix.  25,  26,  27. 

•Joseph  Heath,  1777. 

Anon. 

The  Methodist. 

G.  Burbage's  Office  on  the  Long.Row,  1780. 

A.  Goodrick. 

Popms. 

G.  Burbage  on  the  Long-Row,  1780. 

John  Edwards,  Esq. 

The  Patriot  Soldier. 

Samuel  Tupman,  Bookseller,  1784. 

H.  Rooke. 

A  Narrative  ....  Revolution  House. 

Samuel  Tupman,  1788. 

Robert  Blair. 

•The  Grave. 

W.  Gray,  opposite  the  Hen- Cross,  1789. 

Mr.  Gray. 

An  Elegy. 

W.  Gray,  opposite  the  Hen-Cross,  1789. 

Badford,  Nottingham. 


S.  F.  Creswell. 


TLTLBAP   SCRIBBLINGS. 

1.  Exorcism    from    an  English    MS.    of   the 
twelfth  century,  lately  in  my  possession  :  — 
"  +  In  noe  patris  quesivi  te. 

+  In  noe  filii  inveni  te. 

+  In  noe  sps  sci  delebo  te. 
"  +  Circumcingat_te  pater  +  circumcingat  te  filius  + 
circumcingat  te  sps  scs.  +  Destruat  te  pater  +  destruat  te 
filius  +  destruat  te  sps  scs.  +  Crux  xpi  t.  +  Viiltus  dm. 
in.  +  Super  aspidem  et  basiliscum  ajnbulabis  et  concul- 
cabis  leonem  et  draconem.  Adjuro  te  naalum  ex  quocun- 
que  genere  et  per  patrem  +  et  fllium  +  et  per  spiu  scijl  et 
per  sanctam  mariam  genetricem  ejusdem  Dei  et  Dm 
nri  iHU  xpi  et  per  c.xl.iiii.  ill  innocentes  et  per  vii. 
dormientes  Maximianum,  Malchum,  Martinianum,  Con- 
stantinom,  Dionysium,  Johm,  serapioaem  et  per  oms  scos 


Dl  ne  percutias  vel  afiEligas  camem  istam,  Farce  famalo 
Dei .  t .  pater  noster .  t .  Quicunqae  vult .  t .  evangelium. 
In  principio  —  Maria  Magd.  —  recumbentibus.  Si  quia 
diligit  me  —  cum  yenerit." 

2.  Recipes  from  same  book  :  — 

"  Contra  Paralisin. 

"Radix  canis  linguse  qu£e  vocatur  paralisis — radix 
Sperepurd  (spearv?ort)  quae  vocatur  Dei  Gratia,  grana 
silvestrium  pisarum,  folia  salvias.  Hmc  omnia  siccentur 
et  in  pulverem  redigantur  et  in  nocte  cum  calido  vino 
potentur.  In  mane  vero  hsec  eadem  et  camidreos  et  poe- 
oniam  et  radices  clataB  quae  vocatur  lapacium  et  radices 
levistici,  viridia  terantur  et'  in  vino  ponantur  et  ita  as- 
sidue  bibant." 

"  Accipe  radices  fresgund  et  lava  et  tere  et  accipe  Si- 
mul  Canopum  ante  festivitatem  Sci  lohannis  et  incisum 
mitte  h«ec  duo  in  cervisa  et  coque  usque  tertia  pars  ait 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2°<»  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59. 


excocta.  et  serva  et  da  bibendum  plagato  vel  qui  guttam 
fistulam  babet  et  cavo  ne  aliquid  aliud  bibat  usque  quo 
sanus  fiat." 

3.  Contemporary  epitaph  on  Henry  Purcell  in 
a  large  paper  copy  of  the  music  to  the  "  Pro- 
phetess : "  — 

"  Ex  Dono 

Carissimi  desideratissimique  Autoris, 

Henrici  Purcell, 

Musarum  Sacerdotis, 

Qui 

Anno  Domini  1695, 

Pridie  Festi  S'«=  Cseciliae, 

Multis  flebilis  occidit. 

NuUi  flebilior, 

Quam 

Amico  suo  atque  admiratori 

Jacobo  Talbot." 

J.  C.  J. 


CHARTER    OF    ALEXANDER   II. 

The  following  entry  occurs  in  the  minute-book 
of  the  Faculty  of  Advocates  of  Edinburgh  rela- 
tive to  a  very  ancient  charter,  by  Alexander  II., 
to  Richard  de  Moravia  :  — 
"  IG  July,  1740. 

"  Mr.  John  Ker,  Professor  of  Humanity  in  the  College 
of  Edinburgh,  having  presented  an  Original  Charter  of 
King  Alexander  II.  to  Richard  de  Moravia  of  the  Lands 
of  K3'ngcoreth  and  Kynlessoch,  together  with  a  copy 
thereof  done  in  Copper  plate,  and  dedicated  bj'  him  to  the 
Faculty,  to  be  kept  in  their  Library,  the  Dean  did,  in 
name  of  the  Faculty,  return  him  thanks  for  the  same." 

This  letter,  of  Sir  Andrew  Kennedy  (?)  to 
James  Anderson,  Esq.,  indicates  not  only  the  in- 
fluence of  Lord  Pitmedden,  notwithstanding  his 
retirement  from  the  Bench,  but  the  high  estima- 
tion in  which  James  Anderson  was  held  by  his 
countrymen  :  — 
"  Sir, 

"  I  expected  to  have  had  the  opportunity  yesternight 
to  wait  upon  Pittmedden,  thinking  of  going  out  off 
Town  this  day,  and  ye  know  when  I  first  spoke  to  j'ou 
about  that  Matter  ye  told  me  ye  found  Pittmedden  very 
frank  for  continueing  my  son  in  his  post,  and  promised 
he  would  willingly  do  any  thing  that  I  would  desire  of 
that  kind.  My  health  does  not  allow  me  to  stay  in 
Town,  and  therefore  I  must  entreat  you  that  ye  will 
speak  to  Pittmedden  this  Morning,  and  let  me  know 
what  I  am  to  expect :  both  My  sones  I  know  they  can 
serve  him  as  well  as  any  other  he  can  emplo}'.  But  if  he 
be  now  otherwise  resolved,  I  will  not  be  uneasj''  to  him, 
but  let  my  sons  take  the  same  fate  I  had  myself, 
only  I  must  beg  of  you  that  j'e  will  use  plainness  with 
them  and  not  detain  me  unecessaryly  in  Town  after  ye 
have  discussed  Pitmedden  in  the  affair.  I  earnestly  en- 
treat your  answer,  wherein  ye  will  oblige, 

"  Sir,  your  most 

"  humble  servant, 
"  A.  Kennedy. 

«  Edinburgh,  27.  Sept.  1705." 

The  writer  of  this  letter  was  probably  the  indi- 
vidual who  had  a  famous  lawsuit  with  Gumming 
of  Cullen,  relative  to  the  commandership  at  Cainp- 
vere ;  and  which  was  one  of  the  early  cases  taken 


to  appeal  after  the  Union,  in  which  the  House  of 
Peers,  in  1714,  remitted  back  to  the  inferior  court. 
Sir  Alexander  Seton,  of  Pitmedden,  had  been 
a  senator  of  the  College  of  Justice,  and,  what  is 
remarkable,  was  an  upright  judge  —  a  very  un- 
common occurrence  in  those  days.  He  was  re- 
moved from  his  seat  on  the  Bench  for  his  stand 
against  James  VII.'s  attempt  to  repeal  the  Test 
and  Penal  Laws.  On  the  Revolution,  neverthe- 
less, he  refused  to  be  reappointed,  from  his  scru- 
ples of  conscience  as  to  the  oath  of  allegiance  to 
the  expelled  monarch.  He  was  an  author  of  some 
meritf  collected  a  curious  library,  and  died  at  an 
advanced  age  in  1719.  Of  the  sale  catalogue  of 
his  books  there  is  a  copy  in  the  library  of  the 
Faculty  of  Advocates.     It  is  very  rare.         J.  M. 


Minav  3am, 

Rosenfeldians  and  Mormonites.  —  I  do  not  know 
whether  any  of  the  numerous  writers  on  Mor- 
monism  have  noted  a  striking  point  of  resem- 
blance between  the  institutions  of  Joseph  Smith 
and  those  of  the  false  prophet  of  North  Germany, 
Johann  Paul  Philipp  Rosenfeld  (1762—1782). 
The  uncritical  and  impossible  deductions  from 
Scripture,  especially  from  the  Prophets,  which 
characterise  the  doctrines  of  both,  are  indeed 
too  prevalent  in  all  communions  to  suggest  a 
parallel  between  any  two ;  nor  are  we  less 
prepared  to  find  religious  fanatics  proclaiming, 
with  John  of  Leyden,  an  emancipation  from  mo- 
nogamic  restraints  ;  but  it  is  certainly  a  singular 
coincidence  that  polygamy  (or  "  plurality,"  if  you 
will)  should  twice  have  been  revived  under  the 
sounding  title  of  Sealing.  The  following  extract 
from  the  account  of  Rosenfeld,  in  Der  neue  Pitaval 
(vol.  vi.  p.  243.),  might  pass  for  a  description  of  a 
critical  stage  in  the  development  of  Mormonism : — 

"  Plotzlich  trat  er  vor  seinen  vertrautesten  AbhSngem 
mit  deni  Satze  hervor;  er  babe  die  Schliissel  zum  ver- 
schlossenen  Paradiese,  er  babe  das  Buch  des  Lebens,  das, 
nach  der  Beschreibung  in  der  Offenbarung  Johannis,  mit 
sieben  Siegeln  versiegelt  sei.  Urn  das  Erlosungswerk  zu 
vollenden,  musse  er  die  Siegel  oflfnen,  und  dazu  miisse  er 
sieben  Jungfrauen  haben." 

J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

Epigram  on  Caesar  Borgia.  —  The  epigram  on 
Cassar  Borgia  is  well  known,  and  was  occasioned 
by  his  having  adopted  for  his  motto,  "  Aut  Caasar, 
aut  nihil."  Having  never  seen  any  translation  of 
it,  I  offer  the  subjoined  attempt  at  a  literal  ver- 
sion :  — 

"  Borgia  Csesar  erat,  factis  et  nomine  Caesar ; 
Aut  nihil,  aut  Caesar,  dixit,  utrumque  fuit." 

"  Borgia  was  Caesar,  both  in  deeds  and  name ; 
'  Cajsar,  or  nought,'  he  said :  he  both  became." 

F.  C.  H. 


2«>d  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


Walking  Stewart.  —  The  following  notice  of  this 
remarkable  man  appeared  in  an  Albany  (N.  Y.) 
newspaper  for  August  I,  1791 :  — 

"  On  Thursda}'  last  arrived  in  this  city  from  London, 
via  New  York,  and  the  same  evening  set  off  for  Canada, 
Mr.  Stewart,  the  noted  pedestrian  —  who,  we  are  told, 
has  travelled  over  the  greater  part  of  Europe,  Asia,  and 
Africa  on  foot  * ;  and  has  come  to  this  country  for  the  pur- 
pose of  completing  his  travels,  by  making  the  tour  of  the 
American  world.  Mr.  Stewart  is  a  middle-aged  man, 
about  six  feet  high  —  and  what  is  particularly  remarka- 
ble, he  is  said  to  eat  no  animal  food,  and  but  one  meal  a 
day:' 

Uneda. 
Philadelphia.         \ 

Bearded  Women. — Some  fifteen  or  sixteen  years 
ago  I  remember  a  hairy  woman  being  exhibited 
in  London.  She  had  a  flowing  beard  and  mous- 
tache, of  a  soft  and  silky  texture,  but  in  all  other 
respects  was  perfectly  feminine.  She  was  a  young 
married  woman,  and  was  the  mother  of  children. 
From  Evelyn's  Diary  I  find  that  a  similar  prodigy 
appeared  in  the  metropolis  more  than  two  cen- 
turies ago.     I  transcribe  the  passage :  — 

"September  15th,  1657.  —  I  saw  the  hairy  woman, 
twenty  years  old,  whom  I  had  before  seen  when  a  child. 
She  was  born  at  Augsburg,  in  Germany.  Her  very  eye- 
brows were  combed  upwards,  and  all  her  forehead  as  thick 
and  even  as  grows  on  any  woman's  head,  neatly  dressed ; 
a  very  long  lock  of  hair  out  of  each  ear ;  she  had  also  a 
most  prolix  beard  and  moustachios,  with  long  locks 
growing  on  the  middle  of  her  nose,  like  an  Iceland  dog 
exactlj',  the  colour  of  a  bright  brown,  fine  as  well  dressed 
flax.  She  was  now  married,  and  told  me  that  she  had 
one  child  that  was  not  hairy,  nor  were  any  of  her  parents 
or  relations.  She  was  very  well  shaped  and  played  well 
on  the  harpsichord." 

This  woman's  name  was  Barbara  Van  Beck. 
Two  portraits  of  her,  one  a  line  engraving,  the 
other  in  mezzotinto,  are  described  in  Granger's 
Biographical  Dictionary.  The  woman  whom  I 
remember  was,  I  think,  an  Italian.  Are  there  any 
other  records  of  a  similar  lusus  naturcef 

John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 


^nzviti. 


BIBLICAL   conjecture-notes:    THE   RIGHT   DATE 
OF    THE    EPISTLE    TO    THE    HEBREWS. 

I  have  before  me  two  criticisms  on  the  date  of 
the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews.  The  first  criticism  is 
thus  stated :  — 

"  Those  who  believe  that  St.  Paul  is  the  author  of  the 
Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  generally  suppose  that  he  wrote 
it  at  Rome  during  his  last  two  years'  sojourn  in  that  citj', 
about  A.D.  63.  This  ancient  opinion  is  adopted  by  the 
majority  of  critics,  who  mainly  rely  on  the  subscrip- 
tion at  the  end  of  the  document." 

H*  Walking  Stewart  used  to  saj',  that  though  he  had 
walked  a  great  deal,  it  was  only  when  no  conveyance  was 
to  be  had :  he  never  walked  when  he  could  ride.  —  Ed. 
«'  N.  &  Q."] 


The  second  criticism  is  as  follows  :  — 
"It  maybe  conjectured  by  some  that  St.  Paul  wrote 
his  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  at  Corinth  during  his  long 
stay  with  Aquila  and  Priscilla,  who  had  lately  como 
from  Italy  because  Claudius  had  banished  all  Jews  from 
Rome,  —  a  fact  recorded  in  Acts  xviii.,  and  dated  about 
A.D.  52.  This  conjecture  relies  on  the  following  reasons : 
the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  seems  to  belong  to  that 
period  in  the  history  of  St.  Paul  when  his  mind  was  still 
mainly  exercised  in  efforts  to  convert  his  Jewish  brethren 
before  he  left  them  on  account  of  their  unbelief  and 
turned  to  the  Gentiles,  to  whom  all  his  other  epistles  are 
addressed.  It  is  stated  in  this  chapter  of  the  Acts  that 
he  was  especially  employed  at  this  period  in  efforts  to 
convert  the  Hebrews,  and  it  seems  probable  a  prioriVaat 
he  would  give  his  arguments  for  their  conversion  in  a 
written  epistle  as  well  as  viva  voce.  It  is  said  that  during 
this  time  Timothy  came  to  him  from  Macedonia.  Now, 
as  Timothy  was  probabl}'  arrested  at  Philippi,  as  well  as 
his  companions,  Paul  and  Silas  (whose  miraculous  delivery 
from  the  prison  there  is  exactly  recorded),  it  seems  that 
he  must  have  escaped  in  some  way  or  he  could  not  have 
come  to  Paul.  These  things  being  premised,  let  us  turn 
to  the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews.  We  find  internal  evidence 
that  it  was  written  during  the  Hebraistic  condition  of  St. 
Paul's  mind,  being  very  different  in  its  characteristics 
from  his  Gentile  epistles,  to  which  it  never  alludes.  More- 
over it  contains  some'specified  texts,  which  indicate  the 
probability  of  this  conjecture.  In  Hebrews  xiii.  24.  it 
appears  that  St.  Paul  was  then  residing  with  Jews 
from  Italy,  as  he  says  '  those  (^apo)  from  Italy  salute  you.' 
Just  before  he  speaks  thus:  'know  that  our  brother 
Timothy  is  set  at  liberty,  M'ith  whom  if  he  come  shortly 
I  will  see  you.'  As  to  the  subscription  to  this  epistle,  it 
is  of  very  doubtful  authority,  and  is  rejected  by  Gries- 
bach.  But,  taking  it  for  as  much  as  it  is  worth,  it  in- 
forms us  that  the  epistle  was  written  to  the  Hebrews 
from  Italy.  It  does  not  necessarily  follow  that  the  epistle 
itself  was  written  from  Italj-  or"  from  Athens,  as  other 
MSS.  state,  though  the  order  of  the  words,  both  in  the 
Greek  and  Syriac,  seem  to  imply  as  much.  The  old 
theory  lies  open  to  this  difficulty,  'that  it  makes  St.  Paul, 
who  was  a  prisoner  at  Rome,  in  danger  of  speedy  perse- 
cution, talk  confidently  of  visiting  the  Jews  with  Timothy 
shortly.'  And  there  is  no  other  indication  of  the  impri- 
sonment or  liberation  of  Timothy  at  that  period.  If  this 
conjecture  be  correct,  the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  is  the 
first,  or  one  of  the  first,  of  St.  Paul's  epistles,  instead  of 
being  one  of  the  last  of  them.  The  question  is  interest- 
ing and  important,  as  materially  affecting  the  mental 
and  circumstantial  history  of  St.  Paul,  and  it  enters  into 
the  right  construction  of  all  biographies  of  this  noble 
apostle." 

Such  are  the  two  criticisms  before  me,  and  I 
venture  to  send  them  to  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
that  his  intelligent  readers  may  consider  their  re- 
lative probability,  and  throw  new  light  on  the 
topic.  Francis  Barham. 

Bath. 


LADY    CULROSS  S   DREAM. 

Can  you  or  can  any  of  your  contributors  tell 
me  whether  the  old  Scotch  ballad  entitled  Lady 
Cuirass  s  Dream  is  still  to  be  met  with  in  any 
antiquarian  collection  ?  and  where  ?  Launcelot 
Temple,  even  at  that  time  (1770),  mentions  his 
fears  of  its  being  no  longer  extant :  but  as  this 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


i:2»<i  s.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59. 


paper  of  his,  "  On  Vulgar  Errors,"  is  not  very 
long,  and  is  in  his  peculiarly  quaint  style,  I  will 
transcribe  it :  — 

"  I  have  alwaj's  considered  it "  (lie  says)  "  as  a  self-evi- 
dent absurdity  to  imagine  that  the  Scotch  tunes  were  com- 
posed by  an  Italian  Fiddler.  But  I  own  that  my  opinion 
on  this  subject  has  begun  to  totter  ever  since  it  was  disco- 
vered that  the  author  of  Ossian's  Poems  was  one  Korah 
Sukkubbit,  Esq.,  an  idle  drunken  fellow,  who  Ifved  some  ten 
or  twelve  thousand  years  ago  by  making  and  mending  of 
Jew's-harps  at  the  Borough  of  Gomorrah  in  the  County  of 
Palestine.  Good  Heavens,  how  provoking  this  is !  Bless 
your  ears,  the  greatest  part  of  the  Scotch,  Welsh,  and 
Irish  tunes  were  composed  long  before  the  Italians,  or 
even  the  Flemish,  knew  anything  of  music.  Excepting 
Corelli,  Pergolesi,  and  perhaps  one  or  two  more  distin- 
guishable masters  of  that  charming  art,  the  Italian 
composers  have  seldom  aspired  at  anything  beyond  mere 
mechanical  harmony,  in  which  any  one  who  has  a  toler- 
able ear  may  succeed.  But  to  express  the  passions  is  a 
different  affair :  it  is  one  of  the  greatest  powers  that  be- 
longs to  true  genius,  which  happens  to  be  a  very  uncom- 
mon gift  of  Nature. 

"  Handel  was  in  general  a  noisy  overbearing  bully  in 
music ;  sometimes  indeed,  but  not  often,  pathetick,  yet 
still  charming,  as  far  as  mere  harmony  goes.  But  it  was 
not  in  him,  still  less  in  David  RiSzio,  a  mere  old  fiddler, 
.  who  only  executed  what  other  people  had  composed,to  have 
even  imitated  with  any  success  the  Scottish  tunes,  whe- 
ther melancholy  or  gayj  whether  amorous,  martial,  or 
pastoral ;  in  a  style  highly  original  and  most  feelingly 
expressive  of  all  the  passions,  from  the  sweetest  to  the  most 
terrible.  Who  was  it  that  threw  out  those  dreadful  wild 
expressions  of  distraction  and  melancholy  in  Lady  Cui- 
rass's Dream?  an  old  composition,  now  I  am  afraid  lost; 
perhaps  because  it  was  almost  too  terrible  for  the  ear. 
I'll  venture  to  swear  that  David  Kizzio  was  as  innocent 
as  any  lamb  of  such  frantic  horrors." 

But  it  would  appear  from  an  old  ballad  that 
"  Lady  Culross's  Dream  "  was  a  bye-word  of  ter- 
ror, and  a  symbol  of  the  supernatural,  long  before 
Eizzio's  time ;  for  in  the  aforesaid  old  ballad, 
printed  in  Richard  III.'s  reign,  of  which  a  certain 
Sir  Gawyn  is  the  Don  Juan  and  one  "■/aire 
Alice"  the  victim,  the  following  couplet  occurs. 
I  quote  from  memory,  for  I  regret  to  say  the  ori- 
ginal very  curious  document  was  stolen  from  me 
some  years  ago  at  Geneva,  with  a  book  of  French 
autographs  of  the  heroes  and  heroines  of  the 
Fronde.  But  the  couplet,  making  mention  of 
"  Lady  Culross's  Dream,"  is,  as  well  as  I  can  re- 
collect, as  follows  :  — 

"  It  was/n&,  Sir  Gawyns  Culp,  that  faire  Alice  now  did 
seme. 
Like  the  ghost  Ladye  of  Culrosse,  in  her  wilde  shreeMng 
dreme." 

ROSINA  BuLWER  LtTTON. 
Clarke's  Castle  Hotel, 
Taunton,  Somerset. 


fSiiviax  ^Mtviti^ 

"La  ThebaMe:"  Remy's  ''La  Pucelle." —  I 
should  be  very  grateful  for  any  information  ad- 
dressed to  me  here  (or  at  Mr.  Molini's,  bookseller, 


17.  King  William  Street,  Strand),  about  the  exist- 
ence in  England  of  copies  of  the  two  following 
dramas :  — 

"  La  The'baide,  Tragedie.  Pont-k-Mousson,  Etienne 
Marchant,  1584,  in  4to." 

"  Histoire  Tragique  de  la  Pucelle  de  Dom.  Remy,  aul- 
trement  d'Orleans.     Nancy,  1581,  in  4to." 

Of  the  latter  work  I  have  a  reprint,  of  a  very 
limited  number  of  copies,  now  in  the  press. 

D.  D.  L. 
Pont-Ji-Mousson. 

Jasper  Runic  Ring. — I  should  be  much  obliged 
to  anyone  who  can  inform  me  as  to  what  has  be- 
come of  a  jasper  ring  inscribed  with  runes  which 
was  exhibited  to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  in 
1824,  and  is  described  In  the  Archceologia  (vol. 
xxi.  p.  117.)  ?  It  then  belonged  to  George  Cum- 
berland, Esq.,  of  Bristol.  A.  W.  Fbanks. 

British  Museum. 

Dr.  Thomas  Brett. — The  following  inquiry  ap- 
pears on  the  wrapper  of  The  Biographical  and 
Retrospective  Miscellany,  1830  :  — 

"  We  should  be  obliged  to  any  correspondent  who 
would  inform  us  whether  a  MS.  in  our  possession  has 
been  printed  or  not.  It  is  a  short  Autobiography  of  that 
eminent  Divine  and  controversial  writer,  Dr.  Thomas 
Brett,  written  by  himself,  including  a  History  of  his 
various  works.  We  ourselves  have  no  recollection  of 
having  seen  this  article  in  print." 

Is  anything  known  of  this  manuscript  ?      J.  Y. 

Archiepiscopal  Mitre. — How  is  it  that  the  arch- 
bishops bear  the  mitre  issuing  from  a  ducal  coro- 
net f  The  tombs  of  those  prelates  in  Canterbury 
and  York  cathedrals  exhibit  the  mitres  without 
any  coronets :  their  armorial  bearings  in  the  win- 
dows of  those  gorgeous  ecclesiastical  ediBces  are 
without,  and  the  assumption  seems  to  be  of  very 
modern  date.  Will  some  of  your  readers  (amongst 
whom  it  is  evident  you  have  those  who,  ex  ca- 
thedra, could  answer)  be  kind  enough  to  answer 
the  Query.  These  distinctions  are  only  valuable 
and  honourable  as  they  are  duly  authorised  or  re- 
cognised. It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  printed 
Peerages  mislead  in  such  particulars,  and  too  fre- 
quently give  unauthorised  bearings,  even  though 
the  title-pages  present  high-sounding  editorial 
names.  Vebax. 

Baron  of  Beef  at  Windsor.  —  I  shall  feel  much 
obliged  to  any  of  your  readers  who  can  tell  me  by 
what  contrivance  the  baron  of  beef  is  roasted 
every  year  at  Windsor,  as  probably  the  grate  is 
not  of  a  size  capable  of  doing  so,  without  some 
contrivance.  A  Subscbibeb. 

Dublin. 

Shawl,  at  Leyhoum.  —  Can  any  correspondent 
inform  me  what  is  the  derivation  of  the  word  shawl 
as  applied  to  a  lofty  natural  terrace  at  Leybourn 


2°'i  a  VIII.  Sept.  24,  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


249 


in  Yorkshire?  Many  of  your  readers  will  re- 
collect the  magnificent  prospect  afforded  of  Wens- 
leydale  from  that  place,  perhaps  one  of  the  love- 
liest views  in  England.  Certainly  not  the  least 
interesting  object  on  the  shawl  is  the  Queen's  Gap, 
pointed  out  by  local  tradition  as  the  spot  where 
the  unfortunate  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  was  cap- 
tured, after  her  escape  from  Bolton  Castle,  in 
1568.  Could  anyone  also  inform  me  how  many 
prisons  she  was  confined  in  during  her  captivity 
in  England,  and  the  duration  of  her  imprisonment 
in  each  ?  Bolton  Castle,  Chatsworth,  and  Fo- 
theringhay  were  three  of  them,  and  at  Fothering- 
hay  the  last  scene  was  enacted  which  closed  her 
sad  and  eventful  history.  Oxoniensis. 

The  Frog  a  Symbol.  —  In  the  south  aisle  of  the 
church  of  Melton  Mowbray,  Leicestershire,  is  a 
stone  effigy  representing  a  cross-legged  knight,  of 
the  end  of  the  13th  century,  fully  armed,  with  his 
shield  upon  his  arm,  bearing  in  modern  tincturing 
gules,  a  lion  rampant,  argent.  His  sword  rests 
upon  a  frog.  This  creature  does  not  appear  to 
have  been  placed  merely  to  strengthen  the  sculp- 
ture, as  an  arrangement  of  the  robe  over  the 
chain-mail,  and  of  the  dog  at  the  feet,  would  have 
done  this  much  better.  What  idea  would  the 
sculptor  wish  to  convey  bycarving  the  frog  in  this 
instance?  T.  Nokth. 

Leicester. 

Dt/che's  English  Dictionary,  by  Wm.  Pardon. — 
1.  Can  any  reader  furnish  me  with  information 
regarding  a  "  Wm.  Pardon,  Gent.,"  editor  of  more 
than  one  edition  of  Dyche's  well-known  Diction- 
ary ?  I  am  aware  that  there  is  a  living  writer  of 
the  same  name,  but  whether  a  descendant  or  not 
I  cannot  say.  I  have  seen  two  editions  of  the 
above  Dictionary,  both  edited  by  the  subject  of 
my  Query  —  one  of  1759  (the  10th),  and  the 
other  of  1777  (the  16th).  I  subjoin  the  two 
titles :  — 

(1.)  "  A  New  General  English  Dictionary,  peculiarly 
calculated  for  the  use  of  such  as  are  unacquainted  with 
the  learned  languages.  Originally  begun  by  the  late 
Rev.  Mr.  Thos.  Dyche,  Schoolmaster  of  Stratford-le-Bow, 
and  now  finished  by  Wm.  Pardon,  Gent.  lOth  edition. 
London  :  Printed  for  C.  Ware  at  the  Bible  and  Sun,  Lud- 
gate-  hill.     1759." 

(2.)  Same  title,  16th  edition.  "And  finished  by  the 
late  Wm.  Pardon,  Gent.  (Printed  for  all  the  leading 
booksellers.)    1777." 

Worcester,  in  his  Universal  English  Dictionary, 
says  of  Dyche's,  that  it  is  a  "  work  in  one  vol.  8vo. 
which  has  had  an  extensive  circulation  in  Eng- 
land," but  only  mentions  the  7th  edition,  that  of 
1752  ;  but  above  may  be  seen  there  were  sixteen 
editions,  if  not  more.  2.  Are  there  known  copies 
prior  to  this  seventh  edition  ?  *  Surely  some- 
thing must  be  reclaimable  about  the  editor  of  a 

[*  Two  prior  editions  are  in  the  British  Museum;  the 
third,  1740,  and  the  sixth,  1750.— Ed.] 


Dictionary  which  had  exhausted  seven  editions 
before  Dr.  Johnson's  appeared,  in  1755.    W.  J.  O. 

Cranbrook  Grammar  School.  —  Who  was  the 
master  of  this  school  in  1665—1667  ?  A.  Z. 

Battens.     Slips  of  deal.   Query  etymology  ?  M. 

Bell  Metal.  —  As  your  paper  is  intended  for 
procuring  general  information,  I  hope  you  will 
not  think  the  following  Query  inadmissible. 

Upon  reference  to  a  well-known  little  work, 
Bingley's  Useful  Knowledge,  vol.  i.  p.  188.,  I  find 
that  — 

"  bell  metal  is  usually  composed  of  three  parts  of  copper 
and  one  of  tin.  Its  colour  is  greyish  white,  a»d  it  is  very 
hard,  sonorous,  and  elastic.  Bronze  and  bell  metal  are 
not,  however,  always  made  of  copper  and  tin  only.  They 
frequently  have  other  admixtures,  consisting  of  lead, 
zinc,  or  arsenic.  Bell  makers  sometimes  abuse  the  vulgar 
credulity  by  pretending  that  they  add  a  certain  quantity 
of  silver  to  the  alloy,  for  the  purpose  of  rendering  the 
bells  more  melodious:  but  they  are  better  acquainted 
with  their  business  than  to  employ  so  valuable  a  metal  in 
the  operation." 

Certainly  there  is  an  old  prejudice  in  favour  of 
the  melodious  sound  of  silver.  We  shall  all  re- 
collect the  line,  — 

"And  gentle  psaltry's  silver  sound." — Ps.  cl. 
But  silver,  I  apprehend,  has  nothing  to  do  with 
the  subject  of  my  present  inquiry,  the  celebrated 
Big  Ben,  whose  doleful  sounds  can  proceed  from 
nothing  but  lead.  We  all  recollect  the  story  of 
Archimedes  and  the  crown.  Will  therefore  any 
of  your  readers,  philosophers  or  otherwise,  under- 
take to  apply  a  similar  process  to  .the  bell,  and 
tell  us  the  quantity  of  alloy  in  it?  Time  un- 
doubtedly will  develope  the  truth,  by  its  colour; 
but  it  would  be  a  satisfaction  to  learn  the  com- 
position at  once,  in  order  that  future  bell-founders 
may  be  prohibited  from  making  her  Majesty's 
subjects  unhappy  by  the  farther  use  of  it. 

B  Natural. 

Norton  Family.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspon- 
dents inform  me  where  I  can  find  a  biographical 
account  of  Richard  Norton,  of  Norton  Conyers, 
Esq.,  and  his  *'  right  good  sonnes,"  who  were  con- 
cerned in  "  the  rising  in  the  Norths"  a.d.  1569. 
The  ballad  says,  — 

"  Thee,  Norton,  wi'  thine  right  good  sonnes, 
Thy  doom'd  to  dye,  alas,  for  ruth ! 
Thy  reverend  lockes  thee  could  not  save, 
Nor  them  their  faire  and  blooming  youthe." 

In  reality,  though  doomed  to  die,  the  father 
and  seven  sons  escaped  abroad.* 

C.  J.  D.  Ingledew. 

Sovl.  —  Would  you  be  kind  enough  to  inform 
me  of  the  derivation  of  the  (Saxon  ?)  word  soul? 
Has   it  not  a  similar  origin  to  the  Greek  ^fvxnt 


[*  For  some  brief  notices  of  the  Norton  family,  see 
Collins's  Peerage,  ix.  254.,  edit.  1784.— Ed.] 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"'»  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59. 


vviVfMf  and  the  Latin  anima,  spiritus,  all  from  a 
verb  signifying  to  breathe,  and  hence  denoting,  as 
the  Greek  and  Latin  words,  breath,  and  frequently 
life,  which  depends  upon  breathing  ? 

Hence  in  that  passage  in  the  New  Testament, 
"What  shall  it  profit  a  man  if  he  gain  the  whole 
world  and  lose  his  own  soul  {^^vxn)  ? "  no  myste- 
rious spiritual  essence  is  intended,  but  merely  the 
physical  life. 

Also  I  wish  to  ask,  Has  not  the  word  in  the 
Hebrew  Bible  translated  soul  ("  man  became  a 
living  soul,''  "  the  soul  that  sinneth  it  shall  die," 
&c.)  a  similar  derivation,  and  hence  signifies 
breath,  life,  a  living  person  ?  F.  B.  B. 

Sofs  Hole.  —  "  It  would  not  have  cost  me 
above  A^d.  to  have  spent  my  evening  at  'Sot's 
Hole." — Connoisseur,  68. 

The  Green  Lamps.  —  "  The  same  act,  which  at 
the  Green  Lamps  or  Pimlico  appears  low,  may 
be  extremely  polite  at  the  Haymarket  or  at  Rane- 
lagh." — Connoisseur,  66. 

Jenny's  Whim.  —  "  The  royal  diversion  of  duck- 
bunting,  with  a  decanter  of  Dorchester  [ale]  for 
sixpence,  at  Jenny's  Whim."*  (^Connoisseur,  68.) 
Mentioned  also  by  Horace  Walpole. 

Where  were  these  once  celebrated  localities  ? 
And,  apropos  de  Mere,  is  ale  served  in  decanters 
anywhere  now  ?  I  once  saw  it  so  done  in  Lon- 
don. DUBIDS. 

''■The  History  of  Ireland,"  1784.— Who  was  the 
author  of  an  Svo.  volume  entitled  The  History  of 
Ireland,  which  forms  vol.  xlii.  of  The  Modern  Part 
of  an  Universal  History,  London,  1784?    Abhba. 

American  Dramatists.  —  Can  any  of  your  Ame- 
rican readers  give  me  any  biographical  particulars 
regarding  the  following  American  dramatic  au- 
thors ?  1.  James  Forrester  Foote  (of  New 
York  ?),  author  of  The  Little  Thief,  or  the  Night- 
Walker.  2.  Wm.  G.  Hyer,  author  of  Rosa,  a 
melodrama,  printed  1822.  3.  Robert  W.  Ewing, 
author  of  The  Highland  Seer  and  other  plays. 
4.  Samuel  B.  Judah,  author  of  A  Tale  of  Lexing- 
ton (acted  in  New  York)  and  other  plays.  There 
is  a  volume  by  a  Mr.  Keece,  published  in  Ame- 
rica, which  I  think  contains  some  account  of  the 
dramatic  authors  of  America.  A.  Z. 

Anonymous  Plays. — Who  is  the  author  of  the 
following  plays,  printed  or  published  at  Notting- 
ham :  1.  The  Eve  of  St.  Hippolito,  a  Play.  Pub- 
lished by  G.  Stretton,  Nottingham.  Svo.  1821  ?  2. 
Philo,  a  Drama,  1836  ?  3.  Vanity's  Victim,  a 
Comedy.  Published  by  Rawson  &  Richards, 
Nottingham  ?■  Z, 


[*  Jenny's  Whim  was  a  tavern  at  the  end  of  the 
wooden  bridge  Over  what  was  formerlj'  a  cut  or  reservoir 
of  the  Chelsea  Waterworks,  between  Chelsea  and  Piin- 
lico.    Cunningham's  London.'^ 


Poole  Family. — I  shall  be  very  thankful  for  any 
information  respecting  James  Poole,  who  pur- 
chased the  manor  of  Bilmore  in  the  parisli  of 
Old  Radnor,  in  1781,  of  Harford  Jones,  and  sold 
it  again  to  John  Morris,  in  1789 ;  also  reliable 
data  to  supply  the  numerous  gaps  in  the  pedigree 
of  Poole  of  Poole,  county  of  Chester  (see  Burke's 
Extinct  and  Dormant  Baronetcies  of  England), 
especially  in  regard  to  the  descendants  of  Reginald 
Poole,  who  married  Cecily,  daughter  of  Rev. 
Matthew  Wood,  vicar  of  Webbenbury,  so  stated 
in  Burke  ;  but  I  cannot  find  any  such  parish  in 
Ecton's  Liber  Valorum,  1763.  The  nearest  ap- 
proach is  Welbury,  in  the  county  and  diocese  of 
York,  a  rectory  in  the  patronage  of  the  duchy  of 
Lancaster.  Similar  information  is  sought  re- 
specting the  descendants  of  Benjamin  Poole,  of 
London,  who  died  about  1656  ?  A.  M. 

Choyce,  Joice,  Jocunda.  —  Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents tell  whether  Choyce  or  Joice  was  the 
pet  name  for  ladies  who,  in  the  16th  century,  were 
named  Jocunda  ?  *  A. 

Heraldic.  —  Information  would  oblige  respect- 
ing the  name  the  following  coat  of  arms  appertain 
to,  the  tinctures  of  which  I  am  unable  to  give, 

viz.  " two  bars, over  all,  on  a  bend , 

three  boars'  heads  erased ,"     These  arms  are 

impaled  by  Goulston  on  the  dexter,  and  are  cut 
on  a  tombstone  in  the  chancel  of  the  parish  church 
of  Kingston-on-Thames  to  the  memory  of  Eliza- 
beth, the  wife  of  Morris  Goulston,  Esq.,  who  ob. 
12th  April,  1720,  set.  thirty-five  years.  Any  par- 
ticulars relative  to  this  gentleman  and  his  descen- 
dants would  prove  acceptable.  He  was  the  only 
son  of  Sir  William  Goulston,  Knt.,  second  son  of 
Richard  Goulston,  lord  of  the  manor  of  Widdyal, 
CO.  Herts.  It  is  evident  he  was  twice  married,  as 
a  daughter,  Frediscrida,  by  his  said  wife  Eliza- 
beth, was  baptized  at  Marlow,  co.  Bucks,  25th 
"^ct.  1701  ;  and  the  Kingston  registers  contain  an 
entry  of  the  baptism  of  Joseph,  the  son  of  Morris 
Goulston  and  Mary  his  wife,  24th  June,  1723,  as 
also  the  burial  of  a  son  William  in  July,  1724. 

C.  s. 

Nicholas  Owen.  —  This  individual  was  one  of 
the  servants  of  Henry  Garnet  the  Jesuit,  and  was 
apprehended  at  Hendlip  House  on  the  23rd  of 
January,  1606,  a  few  hours  before  the  discovery 
of  his  master.  We  find  him  a  prisoner  in  the 
Tower  on  the  26th  of  Feb.,  when  he  underwent 
an  examination,  in  which  he  positively  denied  all 
knowledge  of  his  master  or  of  Oldcorne.  On  the 
1st  of  March  he  was  again  examined;  this  time, 
under  torture,  being  hung  up  to  a  beam  by  his 
thumbs,  and  having  made  a  partial  confession,  he 

[*  Jocosa,  not  Jocunda,  is  the  Latin  for  the  baptismal 
appellation  of  Joyce.    Joj-ce  ig  allied  with  joyous,  full  of 

joy-] 


B""*  S.  YIII.,  Sept.  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


was  told  that  on  the  next  examination  the  rack 
would  be  applied  to  him.  The  following  day  in 
the  afternoon,  when  his  dinner  was  brought  to 
him,  he  committed  suicide  with  a  knife.  An  in- 
quest was  held ;  several  persons  were  examined  ; 
and  a  A-erdict  oi  felo-de-se  was  returned.  Can 
anyone  tell  me  where  1  can  find  the  depositions 
taken  on  this  occasion  ?  They  are  not  in  the 
State  Paper  Office.  W.  O,  W. 

The  French  Massacres.  —  , 

"An  Historical  Collection  of  the  most  Memorable  Ac- 
cidents and  Tiagicall  Massacres  of  France,  under  the 
raignes  of  Henry  2,  Francis  2,  Charles  9,  Henry  3,  Henry 
4,  now  living.  Conteining  all  the  troubles  therein  hap- 
pened, during  the  said  King's  times,  untill  this  present 
Yeare  1598.  Wherein  we  may  behold  the  WonderfuU 
and  straunge  alterations  of  our  age.  Translated  out  of 
French  into  English.  Imprinted  at  London  by  Thomas 
Creede,  1698." 

Who  was  the  author,  and  who  the  translator  of 
this  book  ?  What  is  its  value  as  a  history  ?  Is 
it  well-known,  or  is  it  rare?  Has  it  been  re- 
printed ?  E.  S.  J. 

John  Nicholls.  —  It  appears  from  the  grant  in 
the  Trerogative  Court  that  on  the  12th  Feb.  1682, 
the  administration  of  the  goods  of  Robt.  Mossom, 
Bishop  of  Derry,  was  granted  to  John  Nicholls, 
Armig..,  the  principal  debtor.  I  am  anxious  to 
ascertain  who  this  John  Nicholls  was,  and  should 
be  obliged  to  any  reader  who  could  give  rae  the 
information.  J.  C.  M.  Meekins.. 

Lincoln's  Inn. 

Lord  Lauderdale  and  Charles  II.  —  Can  any  of 
your  contributors  inform  me  if  a  letter  from 
Lauderdale  to  King  Charles  II.,  dated  Holyrood, 
November  16,  1669,  and  offering  Scotch  forces  to 
aid  the  king  in  arbitrary  measures,  has  been  pub- 
lished ?  W.  C. 

Robert  Chester'' s  "  Love's  Martyr ;  or  Rosalin's 
Complaint^'  (a  translation  from  the  Italian),  4t'o.,-'^ 
London,  1601,  contains,  besides  poems  by  Shak- 
speare,  Jonson,  Marston,  and  others,  "  The  True 
Legend  of  famous  King  Arthur."  Is  there  a  copy 
(or  reprint)  of  this  rare  volume  to  be  seen  in  any 
public  library  in  London  ?  A  reply  will  greatly 
oblige  )8. 


Minor  ^utvit^  taitb  ^nifuer^.    • 

An  Almery.  —  In  a  recent  sketch  of  Words- 
worth's house  at  Rydal  Mount,  in  Once  a  Week 
(vol.  i.  p.  107.),  the  writer  speaks  of  "  an  old 
almery  carved  over  with  circles,"  &c.  What  is  an 
"  almery"  ?  I  think  that  in  the  south  of  Scotland, 
and  in  the  north  of  Ireland,  the  word  ambry  is 
applied  to  a  store-chest  or  a  cabinet.  In  Ceylon, 
and  perhaps  in  some  parts  of  India  formerly  held 
by  Portugal,  the  term  for  a  wardrobe  or  press  is 


almirah,  and  this  appears  to  be  identical  with  the 
Portuguese  word  almarinho.  Query.  Is  there  any 
connexion  to  be  traced  between  the  latter  word 
and  the  "  almery  "  of  Westmoreland  ?        J.  E.  T. 

[In  reply  to  our  correspondent's  first  inquiry,  we  think 
there  can  be  little  doubt  that  the  "  almery"  of  Westmore- 
land corresponds  to  the  almaria  or  almarium  (for  arma- 
rium) of  Med.-Latin,  in  old  Fr.  aumaire,  armaire,  auhnaire, 
a  cupboard,  wardrobe,  or  press  (but  specially,  no  doubt,  in 
the  first  instance,  a  place  for  keeping  arms).  Cf.  in  Med.- 
Latin,  urmariolus,  a  little  armarium,  armariolum,  a  re- 
ceptacle for  the  host;  and  in  Romance,  armari='ST. 
armoirie. 

In  Portuguese,  almario  is  a  cupboard  used  whether  for 
cold  victuals  or  for  crockery,  and  almarinho  a  little  cup- 
board. In  Spanish  the  terms  almario  and  armaria  are 
convertible,  and  signify  a  kind  of  cupboard  or  press, 
whether  for  rarities,  clothes,  victuals,  or  earthenware. 

"  Into  the  buttrie  hastelie  he  yeede, 
And  stale  into  the  almerie  to  feede." 

Heywood's  Spider  and  Flie,  1556. 

As  the  lapse  of  years,  and  the  suspension  of  intercourse, 
have  occasioned  a  considerable  discrepance  between  the 
language  of  Portugal  and  its  dialect  spoken  in  the  East, 
we  think  it  by  no  means  improbable  that  the  East  Indian 
almirah  is  a  corruption  of  the  old  Portuguese  word  alma- 
rio or  almarinho.'\ 

Gog  and  Magog.  —  At  what  period  were  the 
great  figures  called  Gog  and  Magog  (now,  I  be- 
lieve, to  be  seen  at  Guildhall),  first  put  up  on 
Temple  Bar  ?  What  legend  were  they  intended 
to  commemorate,  and  what  is  their  connexion  with 
those  names  occasionally  mentioned  in  the  Old 
Testament  ?  Information  on  these  points  would 
perhaps  interest  many  of  your  readers  as  well  as 

Chronos. 

[In  a  description  of  the  procession  of  Queen  Elizabeth 
on  the  13th  of  January,  1558,  the  day  before  her  corona- 
tion, the  writer  says :  "  From  thence  her  Grace  came  to 
Temple-Barre,  which  was  dressed  fynelye  with  the  two 
ymages  of  Gotmagot  the  Albione,  and  Corineus  the  Bri- 
tain, two  gyantes  bigge  in  stature,  furnished  accordinglj' ; 
which  held  in  their  handes,  even  above  the  gate,  a  table 
whering  was  written,  in  Latin  verses,  theffet  of  all  the 
pageantes  which  the  citie  before  had  erected."  (Qaeera 
Elizabeth's  Progresses,  i.  22.)  The  point  which  has  baf- 
fled our  antiquaries  is,  whether  these  figures  formed  a 
portion  of  the  decorations  of  Temple  Bar,  or  whether,  as 
is  more  probable,  they  were  brought  from  Guildhall  for 
this  special  occasion  of  the  Queen's  visit.  Mr.  Douce 
says :  "  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  some  figures  of  this 
kind  had,  long  before  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  decorated 
not  only  the  City  Guildhall,  but  other  such  buildings  in 
different  parts  of  the  kingdom,  in  imitation  of  a  very  an- 
cient custom  on  the  Continent."  If  the  Guildhall  statues 
were  the  actual  figures  exhibited  in  the  pageant  at 
Temple  Bar,  they  would  be  made  of  pasteboard  or 
wickerwork,  and  would  be  frequently  carried  about 
on  public  exhibitions.  Puttenham  (1589)  speaks  of 
Midsummer  pageants  in  London,  where,  to  make  the 
people  wonder,  are  set  forth  great  and  uglie  gyantes, 
marching  as  if  they  were  alive,"  &c.  Bishop  Hall,  too, 
compares  an  angry  poet  to 

"  The  crab-tree  porter  of  the  Guildhall, 
While  he  his  frightful  Beetle  elevates." 

Hatton  (iV«w  View  of  London,  1708,  p,  607.)  leads  us  to 


^52 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59-. 


suppose  that  these  old  giants  were  destroyed  when  Guild- 
hall was  "  much  daranify'd "  by  the  fire  of  London  in 
1666.  The  present  giants  were  carved  by  Richard  Saun- 
ders, and  set  up  in  the  Hall  in  1708.  We  are  inclined  to 
think  that  these  renowned  figures  are  more  connected 
with  Corinseus  andGotmagot,  or  Gogmagog  of  the  ^nno- 
rican  Chronicle,  quoted  by  Geoffrey  of  Monmouth,  than 
the  Gog  and  Magog  of  the  Bible.  Mr.  Douce  informs  us, 
that  "  in  a  very  modern  edition  of  the  Rovfiance  of  the 
History  and  Destruction  of  Troy,  it  is  stated  that  Brute, 
the  son  of  Antenor,  made  a  voyage  to  Britain,  where, 
aided  by  the  remaining  natives,  who  had  been  conquered 
by  Albion  and  his  brother  giants,  he  made  war  against 
this  usurper,  whom  he  slew  in  a  bloody  conflict,  taking 
prisoners  his  brothers  Gog  and  Magog,  who  were  led  in 
triumph  to  London,  and  chained,  as  porters,  to  the  gate 
of  a  palace  built  by  Brute  on  the  present  site  of  Guild- 
hall .  '  in  memory  of  which,'  says  the  Editor  of  the 
Romance,  '  their  effigies,  after  their  death,  were  set  up  as 
they  now  appear  in  Guildhall.'  As  this  account  is  not  in 
the  older  copies  of  the  Troy  book,  the  Editor  has  either 
invented  it,  or  retailed  some  popular  tradition."  (Smith's 
Ancient  Topography  of  London,  4to,,  1816.)  The  name  of 
Corinaeus  has  gradually  sunk  into  oblivion,  and  Gogma- 
gog  been  split,  by  popular  corruption,  and  made  to  do 
duty  for  both.] 

''Horn  Childe;  Child  flbm."  —  Where  are 
there  any  manuscripts  of  the  old  English  romance 
of  Child  Horn  (translated  into  German  by  RUc- 
kert),  and  has  this  romance  been  published  ?  If 
any  of  your  readers  can  give  me  any  Information 
on  this  point  I  shall  feel  much  obliged.  G.  D. 

[  The  Geste  of  King  Home,  and  the  Scottish  version 
entitled  Homchilde  and  Maiden  Rimnild,  are  printed  in 
Ritson's  Metrical  Romances.  Of  the  English  romance 
three  copies  are  now  known  to  be  in  existence, — 1.  The 
Harleian  MS.  No.  2253,  from  which  Ritson  printed  the 
poem.  2.  One  found  by  the  late  Mr.  Kemble  in  the 
Public  Library,  Cambridge,  MS.  Gg.  4.  27.  3.  A  MS. 
written  about  1300,  found  by  Sir  Frederic  Madden  in 
the  Bodleian  Library  at  Oxford,  MS.  Laud.  108.  Our 
correspondent  will  find  much  additional  information  on 
this  subject  in  the  notes  by  Mr.  Wright  in  Warton's 
History  of  English  Poetry,  i.  41.  (ed.  1840),  to  which  we 
are  indebted  for  the  above  particulars.  Mr.  Wright 
there  announces  his  intention  to  publish  an  edition  of 
the  English  romance,  but  we  are  not  aware  that  that 
intention  has  yet  been  carried  into  effect] 

Lobster,  a  Nickname  for  Soldier.  — When  were 
soldiers  first  called  lobsters  ?  There  is  a  paper  in 
the  Harleian  Miscellany  (Oldys,  vol.  v.  p.  69.), 
intituled  "  The  Qualifications  of  Persons  declared 
capable  by  the  Rump-Parliament  to  elect,  or  be 
elected,  Members  to  supply  their  House."  It  is 
stated  to  have  been  printed  in  the  year  1660,  and 
appears  to  be  a  sort  of  mock  act  of  parliament. 
At  p.  73.  we  have  as  follows :  — 

"  Qualification  XX.  No  man  shall  be  admitted  to  sit 
in  this  house,  as  a  member  thereof,  howsoever  duly  quali- 
fied and  elected,  except  before  excepted,  until  he  hath 
taken  the  following  oath  upon  the  holy  Evangelists :  — 

_"  The  oath  —  'I,  A.  B.  do  swear,  in  the  presence  of  Al- 
mighty God,  and  by  the  contents  of  this  book,  to  be  true 
and  faithful  to  this  present  government  as  it  is  now  un- 
established,  and  to  the  keepers  of  the  liberties,  unsight 
unseen ;  whether  they  are  of  an  invisible  and  internal 
natore,  as  fiends,  pugs,  elves,  furies,  imps,  or  goblins ;  or 


whether  they  are  incarnate,  as  redcoats,  lobsters,  corporals, 
troopers,  dragoons,'  "  &c. 

The  term  appears  to  be  applied  to  a  particular 
class  of  soldier.  Possibly  marines,  if  there  was  a 
regularly  constituted  marine  force  at  that  period, 
which,  however,  seems  doubtful.  Perhaps  some  of 
your  correspondents  can  say  what  a  lobster  was  in 
1660.  Erica. 

[The  following  is  recorded  in  Clarendon's  History  of 
the  Rebellion,  iii.  91.,  edit.  1849,  as  having  occurred  in  the 
year  1643 :  "  Sir  William  Waller  received  from  London  a 
fresh  regiment  of  five  hundred  horse,  under  the  command 
of  Sir  Arthur  Haslerig,  which  were  so  prodigiously  armed 
that  they  were  called  by  the  King's  party  'the  regiment 
of  lobsters,'  because  of  their  bright  iron  shells  with  which 
they  were  covered,  being  perfect  cuirassiers,  and  were  the 
first  seen  so  armed  on  either  side."] 

Heraldic :  Arms  of  Greig.  —  Can  any  corre- 
spondent of  "  N.  &  Q."  favour  me  with  the  arms 
of  the  family  bearing  the  name  of  Greig  ? 

J.  A.  Pn. 

[Burke's  General  Armory  contains  the  following:  — 

"  Greig  (Edinburgh).  Gu.  three  dexter  hands  ar. 
within  a  bordure  or.  Crest :  A  dexter  arm  in  armour, 
embowed,  brandishing  a  scimetar  ppr.  Motto :  Strike 
sure." 

"  Greig.  Gu.  on  a  chief  ar.  three  hands  of  the  first. 
Crest :  A  falcon  rising,  belled  and  ducally  gorged,  all 
ppr." 

"  Greig.  Gu.  three  sinister  hands  apaumee  ar.  a  bor- 
dure or."] 

Leslie's  Answer  to  Abp.  King.  —  I  have  a  par- 
ticularly fine  copy  of  Charles  Leslie's  very  scarce 
Answer  to  a  Booh  intituled  "  The  State  of  the 
Protestants  in  Ireland  under  the  late  King  James's 
Government ;"  but  a  friend  informs  me  that  a  per- 
fect copy  should  have  a  frontispiece,  which  mine 
has  not ;  and  which  I  have  not  seen  in  any  copy 
within  my  reach.    Is  he  correct  in  his  assertion  ? 

Abhba. 

[There  is  no  frontispiece  to  the  copy  of  this  work  in 
the  British  Museum.] 


MAJOR  DUNCANSON   AND   THE   MASSACRE   OF 
GLENCOB. 

(2"'^  S.  viii.  109.  193.) 

G.  L.  S.  is  mistaken  in  supposing  that  Colonel 
Hill,  who  led  the  11th  Reg.  at  the  battle  of  Al- 
manza,  in  1707,  and  was  wounded  at  the  capture 
of  Mons  in  1709,  and,  finally,  retired  from  the 
colonelcy  of  the  above  regiment,  July  30,  1715, 
"  probably  died  at  that  period."  He  lived  twenty 
years  afterwards,  residing  with  the  Mashams  at 
Otes,  in  the  parish  of  High  Laver,  Essex,  where 
the  family  monument  bears  the  names :  — 

"  Abigail,  Lady  Masham  -  -  -  1734 
Major-General  Hill  -  -  -  -  1735 
Samuel  Lord  Masham  ...  1758 
Alice  Hill  (sister  of  Lady  M.)     -        -    1762" 


2°d  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


253 


Queen  Anne,  in  1710,  signified  her  intention  of 
giving  the  regiment  of  Dragoons,  just  vacant  by 
the  death  of  Algernon  Capel,  Earl  of  Essex,  to 
Colonel  Hill,  as  a  reward  for  his  gallant  service  at 
the  unfortunate  battle  of  Almanza,  where  he 
mainly  contributed  to  preserve  the  broken  re- 
mains of  our  infantry.  The  struggle  which  en- 
sued between  his  friends  and  those  of  Lieut.-Gen. 
Meredith,  to  whom  the  Duke  of  Marlborough  had 
promised  the  same  regiment,  became  the  trial  of 
strength  between  the  Whig  and  the  Tory  parties. 
As  the  queen  made  no  secret  of  her  intention  in 
behalf  of  the  brother  of  her  favourite,  the  Earl  of 
Sunderland,  son-in-law  of  the  duke,  undertook  to 
procure  a  vote  of  parliament  for  the  removal  of 
Lady  Masham  from  attendance  on  her  majesty. 
This  was  averted  by  Col.  Hill's  throwing  himself 
at  the  queen's  feet,  and  begging  that  he  might  not 
be  the  cause  of  any  uneasiness  to  her  majesty,  but 
that  her  majesty  would  be  graciously  pleased  io 
bestow  the  favour  she  intended  for  him  upon  some 
other  officer.  The  queen  granted  his  request, 
but  speedily  visited  the  double  affront  to  her  pre- 
rogative on  the  ministry  who  had  offered  it.  The 
Earl  of  Sunderland  was,  first,  called  on  to  surrender 
the  seals  of  Secretary  of  State.  The  Lord  Trea- 
surer (Godolphin)  was  next  removed,  and  the 
disruption  of  the  whole  Whig  party  followed. 

In  1712,  Queen  Anne  made  Brigadier  Hill 
Lieut.-General  of  the  Ordnance.  (State  Papers, 
Domestic,  1712,  Sept. — Dec.)  During  the  same 
reign,  he  was  sent  in  chief  command  of  the  expe- 
dition to  Canada,  in  which  he  gained  no  laurels. 
But,  though  no  rival  to  the  great  Marlborough  in 
campaigning,  "honest  Jack  Hill"  was,  from  the 
testimony  of  his  contemporaries,  a  general  fa- 
vourite ;  and  it  is  rather  hard  in  G.  L.  S.  to  make 
him  the  author  of  the  Glencoe  massacre  in  1692, 
when  he  was  a  mere  boy.       -  P.  G.  H. 


G.  L.  S.  has  inaccurately  stated  that  "  it  is  cer- 
tain that  a  Robert  Duncanson  succeeded  George 
Wade  as  colonel  of  the  33rd  Regiment,  February 
12th,  1705."  This  was  not  the  case,  for  Wade 
succeeded  Duncanson  on  the  9th  June,  1705  :  the 
latter  (who  was  appointed  to  the  33rd,  vice  Leigh,') 
having  been  killed  at  Valencia  de  Alcantara  on 
the  8th  May,  1705.  Major-General  John  Hill 
did  not  die  at  the  period  of  his  removal  from  the 
colonelcy  of  the  11th  Foot  on  the  30th  July,  1715  : 
his  decease  occurred  on  the  19th  June,  1735. 

Two  years  after  the  siege  of  Mons,  in  1709, 
where  Colonel  Hill  was  wounded,  an  expedition 
was  fitted  out  against  Quebec,  the  command  of 
the  land  forces  being  entrusted  to  him.  He  was 
made  a  brigadier  on  the  1st  January,  1710,  and 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  Major-General  on  the 
2l8t  July,  1712.  As  the  fleet  was  proceeding  up 
the  river  now  named  the  St.  Lawrence,  eight 
transports  crowded  with  troops  were  dashed  upon 


the  rocks,  and  nearly  all  the  ofiicers  and  men  on 
board  perished.  This  Brigadier  Hill  was  brother 
to  Mrs.  Masham,  Queen  Anne's  favourite,  to 
whose  court  influence  he  owed  his  appointment. 

Thomas  Carteb. 
Horse  Guards. 


"THE   WEEN  SONG." 

(2"'i  S.  viii.  209.) 

Mb.  Geobge  Llotd,  after  quoting  a  verse  of 
the  wren  song  as  it  is  sung  in  the  West  of  Ire- 
land, asks  for  the  remaining  lines,  and  an  explan- 
ation of  the  origin  of  the  custom.  The  song  is 
sung  on  different  days  in  different  parts  of  Ire- 
land. In  Galway  Mr.  Llotd  says  the  31st  of 
October  is  the  day  selected  :  why  does  not  appear. 
In  the  South  of  Ireland,  the  wren-boys  hold  their 
festival  on  St.  Stephen's  Day,  the  26th  December, 
and  the  words  of  their  carol  are  thus  given  in 
Crofton  Croker's  Researches,  c.  xii.  p.  233. :  — 

«  The  Wren,  the  Wren,  the  King  of  all  birds, 
St.  Stephen's  Day  was  caught  in  the  furze ; 
Although  he  is  little,  his  family's  great, 
I  pray  you,  good  landlady,  give  us  a  treat. 

"  My  box,  it  would  speak,  if  it  had  but  a  tongue, 
And  two  or  three  shillings  would  do  it  no  wrong, 
Sing  holly,  sing  ivy  —  sing  ivy,  sing  holly, 
A  drop  just  to  drink,  it  would  drown  melancholy. 

"And  if  you  draw  it  of  the  best, 
I  hope  in  heaven  your  soul  may  rest ; 
But  if  you  draw  it  of  the  small, 
It  won't  agree  with  the  wren-boys  at  all." 

I  have  never  seen  any  satisfactory  account  as  to 
the  origin  of  the  custom.      J.  Emebson  Tennent. 


The  words  of  the  Irish  wren  song  are  cor- 
rectly given  in  Gerald  Griffin's  story  of  The  Half 
Sir,  chapter  i.  p.  108.  (Duffy's  edition,  Dublin, 
1857.)  I  remember,  when  a  school-boy,  to  have 
heard  them  thus  sung  on  a  St.  Stephen's  Day : — 

"  The  Wran !  the  Wran !  the  King  of  all  birds, 
St.  Stephen's  Day  was  caught  in  the  furze ; 
Although  he's  little,  his  family's  great. 
Get  up  fair  ladies,  and  give  us  a  trate ! 
And  if  your  trate  be  of  the  best, 
In  heaven  we  hope  your  soul  may  rest !  " 

Your  correspondent  will  find  in  Griffin's  story 
(p.  121.)  an  account  of  the  legend  of  "  the  wren," 
and  a  characteristic  explanation  of  the  ancient 
custom. 

I  think  your  correspondent  will  discover,  upon 
further  inquiry,  he  is  under  a  mistake  in  sup- 
posing "the  wren  song"  is  ever  publicly  chaunted 
upon  "  Hallow  e'en ; "  and  also  in  stating  that 
there  are  "  incantations  to  saints  "  or  "  angels  "  on 
that  evening.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  prac- 
tices are  then  resorted  to  which  may  be  justly 
designated  as  "  superstitious  ;  "  and  a  very  useful 
chapter  might  be  added  to  the  "  Folk  Lore  "  of 


254 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59. 


"  N.  &  Q.,"  by  giving  a  minute  description  of 
them.     I   hope   Mr.  Lloyd   will   state  precisely 
what  he  knows  on  the  subject.     W.  B.  MacCabe. 
Scarth  House.Mullinarat. 


Mr.  Llotd  is  either  mistaken  or  misinformed 
on  this  point,  so  far  as  the  wren  song  is  appli- 
cable to  Ireland.  The  practice  he  alludes  to,  as 
occurring  in  Galway,  or  any  other  part  of  Ireland, 
on  the  31st  of  October,  is  purely  chimerical.  On 
Saint  Stephen's  Day,  the  26th  December,  it  is  the 
custom  for  boys  to  start  into  the  fields  early  in 
the  morning  to  "  hunt  the  wren,"  and  having 
caught  one  (alive,  for  it  is  not  a  hard  task  for 
boys  to  do  that)  they  dress  it  up  in  a  holly  bush, 
with  evergreens,  artificial  and  other  flowers,  and 
if  near  a  village  or  small  town,  they  proceed 
there  and  make  collections,  singing  the  following 
stanza  :  — 

"  The  Wren,  the  Wren,  the  king  of  all  birds, 
Saint  Stephen's  Day  was  caught  in  the  furze; 
Although  she  is  little,  her  family's  great. 
So  we  pray  you,  good  neighbours,  to  give  us  a  treat." 

The  collections  are  invariably  laid  out  in  the 
purchase  of  something  for  a  juvenile  party  in  the 
evening.  If  not  near  a  town  or  village,  the  farm- 
houses are  visited,  and  the  applicants  always 
obtain  bread,  butter,  eggs,  and  the  like.  I  have 
seen  this  practised  in  all  parts  of  Ireland,  without 
any  deviation,  but  never  heard  the  "  expletives" 
alluded  to  by  Mr.  Lloyd.  The  origin  of  this 
practice  I  do  not  know.  I  have  heard  of  some, 
but  so  mythical  as  not  worth  recording, 

S.  Redmond 
Liverpool. 


HENRY    SMITH. 


(1'*  S. passim;  2"''  S.  viii.  152.) 

I  have  for  many  years  possessed  and  admired  a 
volume  of  the  works  of  this  able  divine,  and  I  am 
therefore  glad  to  see  the  valuable  note  in  regard 
to  him  by  Messrs.  Cooper.  Neither  they,  how- 
ever, nor  the  writer  of  the  Note  in  P'  S.  vi.  129., 
have  recorded  in  your  pages  a  complete  list  of  his 
works  and  of  their  editions.  I  wish  therefore  to 
say  that  the  volume  before  me  contains  — 

1.  "  God's  Arrow  against  Atheists.  By  Henry  Smith. 
At  London,  Imprinted  by  G.  M.  for.  Edward  Brewster 
and  Robert  Bird,  1631,  4to.,  pp.  96." 

This  is  a  treatise  in  six  chapters,  the  first 
against  Atheism  and  Irreligion ;  the  second  and 
third  against  Gentiles  and  Infidels ;  the  fourth 
against  Mahometanism  ;  the  fifth  against  the 
Church  of  Rome,  and  the  sixth  against  the 
Brownists  and  Barrowists.  It  is  to  this  last 
chapter  that  I  presume  Messrs.  Cooper  refer 
when  they  say  "he  wrote  well  and  warmly  in 
defence  of  the  Church  of  England  against  the 


Brownists  and  Barrowists."  As,  however^  the 
chapter  consists  of  but  four  very  small  quarto 
pages,  and  but  three  of  them  bear  against  the 
parties  in  question,  it  is  evidently  by  no  means 
complete,  either  as  a  refutation  or  an  apology. 
The  whole  treatise,  however,  is  very  curious  and 
interesting,  albeit  not  equal  to  many  of  his  ser- 
mons. 

2.  "Twelve  Sermons  preached  by  Mr.  Henry  Smith, 
with  Pra5'ers  both  for  the  Morning  and  Euening  there- 
unto adioyned.     And  published  by  a  more  perfect  copy 

than  heretofore.     Prov.  xxviii.  ver.  13 London, 

Printed  by  John  Hauilaud  for  George  Edwards,  1632." 

These  are  dedicated  to  Edward  Earl  of  Bed- 
ford by  the  editor,  who  signs  himself  "  W.  S.," 
and  speaks  of  the  author  as  "the  faithfull  dis- 
poser of  God's  truth,  was  a  man  linked  vnto  me 
in  assured  friendship  whilst  he  lined,"  and  adds, 
"  hauing  with  care  long  sithence  collected  these 
hig  Sermons  together,  doe  now  with  singleness  of 
heart  present  the  same  to  your  Lordship." 

The  sermons  follow,  not  twelve,  as  stated  on 
the  title-page,  but  nine,  the  three  last  enumerated 
in  the  table  of  contents  being  absent.  This  is  not 
all.  After  the  first  six  sermons  come  the  Morning 
and  Evening  Prayers,  and  these  are  followed  by  a 
new  title :  — 
"  Six  Sermons,  preached  by  Mr.  Henry  Smith. 

1,  2.  Of  Jonah's  Punishment. 

3.  The  Trumpet  of  the  Soule. 

4.  The  Sinfull  Man's  Search. 

5.  Marie's  Choyce. 

6.  Noah's  Drunkennesse. 

Two  Zealous  Prayers.  And  published  bj'  a  more  per- 
fect copy  than  heretofore.  London,  Printed  by  John 
Hauiland  for  George  Edwards,  1632." 

This  is  succeeded  by  two  sermons  on  Jonah, 
where  another  title  is  introduced,  the  same  as  the 
last,  except  that  foy  "  Six  "  we  read  "  Fovre." 
This  division  of  the  book  really  contains  but  one 
sermon,  "  The  Trumpet  of  the  Soule  sounding  to 
Judgement,"  which  I  regard  as  one  of  the  most 
striking  and  original  sermons  I  have  ever  read. 

The  three  missing  sermons  on  "  The  Sinful 
Man's  Search,"  "  Mary's  Choice,"  and  "  Noah's 
Drunkenness,"  I  have  seen  elsewhere,  and  I  ima- 
gine editions  were  issued  which  varied  in  their 
contents,  although  printed  from  the  same  types. 
I  should  remark  that  the  sermons  in  my  copy  are 
not  paged.  Let  me,  in  conclusion,  again  call 
attention  to  "  The  Trumpet  of  the  Soul,"  from 
Ecclesiastes  xi.  9.,  and  which  was  evidently 
preached  at  St.  Paul's  Cross,  and  to  express  a 
hope  that  at  least  this  brief  specimen  of  genuine 
homely  English  pulpit  eloquence  will  be  re- 
printed. For  my  own  part  I  should  like  to  see 
a  new  edition  of  all  his  sermons.     B.  H,  Cowper. 


god  s.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


3Rc{iltc^  ta  Minor  ^utvitS, 

^^  Life  is  leforeye!"  (2°^  S.  vlii.  109.)— I  have 
been  requested  to  give  you  the  name  of  the  author 
of  some  verses,  which  I  repeated  this  summer  at 
the  distribution  of  Prizes  at  the  University  of 
London. 

They  are  the  last  lines  of  a  beautiful  address  by 
Mrs.  Butler  (Fanny  Kemble)  to  the  students 
leaving  a  college  in  the  United  States,  of  which 
I  forget  the  name,  and  I  have  not  with  me  the 
small  volume  of  Mrs.  Butler's  Poems  in  which  the 
Address  is  to  be  found.  Granville. 

Paris,  Sept.  19. 

[Having  referred  to  the  volume  for  the  purpose  of 
completing  the  information  so  kindly  communicated  by 
Lord  Granville,  we  are  enabled  to  furnish  the  precise 
title  of  the  poem  in  question.  It  is  "Lines  addressed  to 
the  Young  Gentlemen  leaving  the  Academy  at  Lennox, 
Massachusetts,"  and  will  be  found  at  p.  130.  of  Poems,  by 
Frances  Anne  Butler,  Philadelphia,  12mo.  1844.] 

Efford  (2"*  S.  viii.  207.)— The  word  Eaford  is 
in  Anglo-Saxon  the  equivalent  of  Waterford  in 
English,  but  ea  or  ey  (running  water)  often  occurs 
at  the  termination  of  our  names  of  localities  as 
the  abbreviation  of  ealand,  ealond,  igland  and 
iglond,  the  Anglo-Saxon  for  island,  or  more  pro- 
perly perhaps  as  the  abbreviation  of  aege,  island, 
in  Anglo-Saxon,  the  pronunciation  of  which  ap- 
proximates to  ey-e,  contracted  to  ey  and  ei  in 
German.*  The  Anglo-Saxon  aege,  island,  appears 
to  be  derived  from  aeg,  an  egg,  as  in  German  also 
from  ey  or  ei,  egg,  comes  eyland  or  eiland,  an 
island,  or  egg-shaped-land.  It  is  possible  that 
EfFord  may  be  a  corruption  of  ebb-/ord=i'ordahle 
on  the  ebb-tide.  The  locality  must  determine 
whether  island-ford  or  ebb-ford  are  admissible. 
In  the  same  county  (Hants)  are  Axfor(i  =  Aecs  or 
Oaks-ford, TvryfoYd=Two-fords,  Alresford=/ortZ 
of  the  Aller  (a  tributary  of  the  Itchin),  and  Shaw- 
ford  =:/or^  of  the  wood.  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

Supei'- Altars  (2"-^  S.  viii.  204.)— What  is  com- 
monly called  the  "  Super-altar  "  is  simply  a  ledge 
at  the  back  of  the  altar,  to  support  the  cross  and 
candlesticks  which  are  ordered  to  be  placed  there 
by  the  Rubric  of  our  present  Prayer  Book  in  the 
Church  of  England.  It  is  by  no  means  peculiar 
to  cathedral  churches,  and  your  correspondent 
will  find  this  addition  to  the  altar  in  every  pro- 
perly arranged  church.    R.  H.  Nisbett  Browne. 

Vales  of  Red  and  White  Horse  (2"^  S.  vii.  28. 
288.  485.)  —  Your  correspondents  have  described 
two  figures  of  white  horses,  delineated  by  re- 
moving the  turf  which  is  superincumbent  on  a 


*  Anglesea,  Winchelsea,  Guernsey,  Jersey,  Alderney, 
Molesey,  Orkney,  Ramsey,  Romney,  Whitney,  Ely,  &c. 
In  Norwegian  this  terminal  is  oe,  in  Faroe,  Mageroe, 
Reenoe,  Tromsoe,  &c. 


stratum  of  chalk,  —  one  near  Calne  and  the  other 
at  Westbury,  both  in  the  county  of  Wilts.  You 
have  also  had  a  third  representation  of  a  horse 
pointed  out,  which  is  cut  in  red-coloured  earth, 
near  Tysoe  in  Warwickshire,  and  occasions  the 
district  to  be  called  the  Vale  of  Red  Horse.  There 
is  I  conceive  another,  or  fourth,  to  be  added,  of 
which  I  believe  there  has  been  a  learned  disqui- 
sition by  the  Rev.  Francis  Wise,  formerly  rector 
of  Rotherfield- Greys,  and  vicar  of  Elsfield  (Ox- 
fordshire), and  which  I  believe  he  published, 
though  I  am  not  aware  under  what  form.  This 
last  figure  has  given  rise  to  the  appellation  of  the 
White-horse  Hill  and  Vale  in  Berkshire.  Would 
some  correspondent  give  an  account  of  this  last, 
or  indicate  where  I  may  find  Mr.  Wise's  essay  on 
the  subject?  Eques. 

[Dr.  Wise's  work  is  entitled,  A  Letter  to  Dr.  Mead 
concerning  some  Antiquities  in  Berkshire,  particularly 
showing  that  the  White  Horse,  which  gives  name  to  the 
Vale,  is  a  monument  of  the  West  Saxons,  made  in  me- 
mory of  a  great  victory  obtained  over  the  Danes,  A.  d. 
871.  Oxford,  4to.  1738.  This  work  occasioned  a  keen 
controversy  among  antiquaries,  and  elicited  the  fol- 
lowing reply:  The  Impertinence  and  Imposture  of  Modem 
Antiquaries  Displayed :  or,  A  Refutation  of  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Wise's  Letter  to  Dr.  Mead,  concerning  the  White  Horse, 
and  other  Antiquities  in  Berkshire.  In  a  Familiar  Letter 
to  a  Friend.  By  Philalethes  Rusticus  [ — Bumpsted, 
Esq.]  Lond.  4to.  1740.  A  reply  to  the  latter  appeared, 
entitled  An  Answer  to  a  Scandalous  Libet,  entitled  "  The 
Imperti^ience  and  Imposture  of  Modern  Antiquaries  Dis- 
played, §-c."  Lond.  4to.  1741.  The  figure  of  the  White 
Horse  in  Berkshire  is  engraved  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  of 
Feb.  1796,  p.  105.,  but  far  more  accurately  in  the  Archa- 
ologia,  xxxi.  p.  289.,  where  it  illustrates  a  paper  by  Mr. 
Thorns,  in  which  he  enters  very  fully  into  the  history  of 
these  figures.  The  Red  Horse  has  long  ceased  to  exist. 
Mr.  Pye,  in  his  poem  of  Farringdon  Hill,  thus  describes 
the  figure  on  that  site :  — 

"  Carved  rudely  on  the  pendant  sod,  is  seen 

The  snow-white  courser  stretching  o'er  the  green ; 

The  antique  figures  scan  with  curious  eye, 

The  glorious  monument  of  victory ! 

There  England  rear'd  her  long  dejected  head. 

There  Alfred  triumph'd,  and  invasion  bled." 
After  this  manner  the  horse  is  formed,  on  the  side  of 
an  high  and  steep  hill  facing  the  north-west.  His  dimen- 
sions are  extended  over  about  an  acre  of  ground.  His 
head,  neck,  body,  and  tail  consist  of  one  white  line,  as 
does  also  each  of  his  four  legs.  This  is  done  by  cutting 
a  trench  into  the  chalk,  of  about  two  or  three  feet  deep, 
and  about  ten  feet  broad. — Ed.] 

John  Anderson  (2°*  S.  viiT  435.)  —  I  have  not 
been  inattentive  to  your  correspondent  Sigma 
Theta's  request  for  information  as  to  the  family 
of  John  Anderson,  minister  of  Dumbarton.  I 
have  only  delayed  answering  —  as  I  have  but  a 
meagre  reply  to  make  him  —  to  my  regret.  I 
know  of  no  work  where  he  can  get  information 
as  to  this  branch  of  the  family  of  Anderson. _  All 
I  have  been  able  to  pick  up  is  shortly  and  simply 
as  follows,  and  this  ab  origine.  John  Anderson,  a 
person  of  some  standing  and  substance,  born  and 
resident  in  Elgin,  was  so  sorely  persecuted  and 


25d 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Sept.  24  '59. 


"  harried  in  his  gear  and  gudes  "  during  the  re- 
ligious excitements  after  the  victory  of  the  Pres- 
byterian party  in  Scotland,  that  he,  a  staunch 
Nonconformist,  was  obliged  to  leave  Elgin.  He 
betook  himself  to  Edinburgh,  and  there,  in  1670, 
(as  I  understand)  his  son  John  Anderson  se- 
cundus  was  born ;  and  there,  educated  for  the 
church,  was  first  presented  to  a  parish  in  the  gift 
of  James  Duke  of  Montrose  —  I  have  lost  my 
"  Note  "  of  place  and  date,  unfortunately  —  and 
was  afterwards  minister  of  Dumbarton  ;  —  his 
son,  James  Anderson,  minister  of  Rosneath,  had 
two  sons,  John  Anderson,  Professor  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  Glasgow,  and  James  Anderson,  a  cap- 
tain in  the  merchant  service,  who  sailed  in  the 
West  India  trade.  Of  both  these  are  worthy  and 
numerous  descendants  alive.  I  regret  I  can  give 
no  more  distinct  information,  but  hope  what  I 
have  given  may  be  of  service  to  Sigma  Theta. 

C.  D.  Lamont. 
Greenock. 

Marat  (2"^  S.  viii.  52.  93.  158.)— I  extract  the 
following  notice  of  M.  Marat  from  the  Star  (Glas- 
gow newspaper)  of  March  4,  1793,  which  may 
prove  interesting  to  your  readers,  and  guide  your 
correspondent  G.  in  further  researches  :  — 

"  From  an  investigation  lately  taken  at  Edinburgh,  it 
is  said  that  Marat,  the  celebrated  orator  of  the  French 
National  Convention,  the  humane,  the  mild,  the  gentle 
Marat,  is  the  same  person  who,  a  few  years  ago,  taught 
tambouring  in  this  city,  under  the  name  of  John  White. 
His  conduct,  while  he  was  here,  was  equally  unprin- 
cipled, if  not  as  atrocious,  as  it  has  been  since  his 
elevation  to  the  legislatorship.  After  contracting  debts 
to  a  very  considerable  amount,  he  absconded,  but  was 
apprehended  at  Newcastle,  and  brought  back  to  this 
city,  where  he  was  imprisoned.  He  soon  afterwards  ex- 
ecuted a  summons  of  eessio  bonorum  against  his  creditors, 
in  the  prosecution  of  which  it  was  found  that  he  had 
once  taught  in  the  academy  at  Warrington,  in  which  Dr. 
Priestley  was  tutor ;  that  he  left  Warrington  for  Oxford, 
where,  after  some  time,  he  found  means  to  rob  the  mu- 
seum of  a  number  of  gold  coins  and  medallions ;  that  he 
was  traced  to  Ireland,  apprehended  at  an  assembly  there 
in  the  character  of  a  German  count;  brought  back  to 
this  country,  tried,  convicted,  and  sentenced  to  some 
years'  hard  labour  on  the  Thames.  He  was  refused  a 
eessio,  and  his  creditors,  tired  of  detaining  him  in  gaol, 
after  a  confinement  of  several  months,  set  him  at  liberty. 
He  then  took  up  his  residence  in  this  neighbourhood, 
where  he  continued  aboyt  nine  months,  and  took  his  final 
leave  of  this  country  about  the  beginning  of  the  year 
1787. 

"He  was  very  ill-looked;  of  a  diminutive  size;  a 
man  of  uncommon  vivacity ;  of  a  very  turbulent  dispo- 
sition, and  possessed  of  a  very  uncommon  share  of  legal 
knowledge.  It  is  said,  that  while  here,  he  used  to  call 
his  children  Marat,  w^hich  he  said  was  his  family  name." 

I  presume  that  the  above-named  Dr.  Priestley 
is  the  celebrated  Rev.  Joseph  Priestley,  friend 
and  correspondent  of  J.  H.  Stone,  J.  H.  Tooke, 
and  many  other  British  sans-culottes.  Query, 
did  the  Rev.  Joseph  Priestley  communicate  his 
revolutionary  doctrine  to  Marat,  or  did  he  imbibe 


the  infection  from  the  latter  ?  It  is"  not  yet  too 
late  to  prove  the  truth  or  falsehood  of  many  of 
the  accusations  brought  in  the  foregoing  extract 
against  Marat.  In  conclusion,  I  will  only  add 
that,  supposing  the  accusations  to  be  true,  Marat 
was  not  singular  in  his  acquaintance  with  the 
internal  economy  of  a  British  prison,  his  confrere 
Brissot  having  suffered  imprisonment  in  this 
country  for  pocket-picking;  and  the  intimate 
friend  of  the  latter,  La  Motte,  was  executed  here 
for  being  a  spy.  "W*  B.  C. 

Liverpool. 

Ballop  (2°«  S.  viii.  227.)—"  He  hath  the  ballop" 
appears  to  be  "  He  hath  the  ball  up ; "  the  two 
words  "ball  up"  being  run  into  one,  and  the 
second  mis-spelt,  for  the  sale  of  a  rhyme  with 
"  wallop."  On  this  supposition  the  two  lines  will 
be,  — 

"  And  gouty  Master  Wallop 
Now  thinks  he  hath  the  ball  up." 

I  am  informed  that  "  having  the  ball  up,"  and 
"getting  the  ball  up,"  are  phrases  belonging  to 
some  game  resembling  fives,  tennis,  or  racket. 

G.  Y. 

Scotch  Genealogies  (2"^  S.  viii.  109.)  — The 
custom  of  giving  to  the  eldest  son  and  to  the 
eldest  daughter  of  a  marriage  the  respective  chris- 
tian names  of  their  grandparents,  is  invariably 
observed  in  the  West  Riding  dales,  and  in  the 
parts  of  Lancashire  and  Westmorland  bordering 
upon  those  interesting  localities  ;  as  it  is,  I  be- 
lieve, generally  in  the  rural  districts  of  the 
northern  counties.  Nor,  as  far  as  concerns  the 
eldest  son,  has  it  prevailed  only  in  this  portion  of 
England.  The  knightly  predecessors  of  the  Ba- 
rons Stafford  of  Costessey  Hall,  for  instance,  were 
for  a  long  series  of  years  known  by  the  designa- 
tions of  Sir  George  and  Sir  William  in  alternate 
succession.  With  us,  the  custom  is  extended  be- 
yond the  point  mentioned  by  your  correspondent, 
for  the  second  son  and  second  daughter  take  the 
maternal  grandfather's  and  grandmother's  names 
respectively,  whilst  those  of  the  uncles  and  aunts 
are  usually  exhausted  before  the  father's  or 
mother's  name  is  given  to  a  child.  Keeping 
this  rule  in  mind,  it  is  easy  to  discover  the  degrees 
of  relationship,  in  the  cases  at  least  of  first- 
born children,  which  different  members  of  an 
extensive  family  bear  to  one  another.  I  have  fre- 
quently been  in  a  room  with  some  half-dozen 
first  or  second  cousins,  all  having  the  same  bap- 
tismal name.  But  we  marry  young,  are  long 
lived,  and  have  large  families,  in  these  northern 
dales.  I  have  more  than  once  seen  assembled  to- 
gether the  great-grandfather  and  great-grand- 
mother, the  grandfather  and  grandmother,  and 
father  and  mother,  of  the  little  one  sitting  on  the 
knee  of  one  of  them ;  and  last  year  a  yeoman  died 
in  this  chapelry,  aged  only  sixty-nine  years,  who 
had  seen  seven  generations  of  his  family  in  the 


2»"»S.  VIII.  SEPr.24.'69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


direct  line.  He  was  born  in  the  lifetime  of  his 
great-grandmother,  and  had  several  great-grand- 
children about  him  at  the  period  of  his  decease. 
As  the  circumstance  has  some  connexion  with 
these  topics,  I  may  here  mention  that  the  father 
of  the  late  incumbent  of  a  neighbouring  chapelry, 
the  father  of  whom  died  below  the  age  of  seventy 
years,  only  a  few  months  ago,  was  ordained  (I  be- 
lieve by  Bishop  Sherlock  of  London)  in  the  reign 
of  George  II.  And,  as  to  our  large  families,  I 
was  lately  requested  by  one  of  my  parishioners  to 
make  out  his  family  pedigree ;  and,  to  my  great 
astonishment,  I  found  that  from  his  great-grand- 
father alone  had  sprung  upwards  of  250  indivi- 
duals. But  I  have  rambled  away  from  the  proper 
subject  of  this  Note,  though  I  dare  say  these  gos- 
sipping  details  may  prove  of  interest  to  many  of 
the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  Wm.  Matthews. 

Cowgill. 

Extraordinary  Birth  (1»'  S.  ii.  459. ;  iii.  64. 
192.  347.)  — "N.  &  Q."  has  from  time  to  time 
chronicled  many  extraordinary  births ;  perhaps, 
however,  the  following  is  the  most  extraordinary 
of  all.  But  one  other  circumstance  is  required  to 
render  it  the  most  wonderful  birth  of  modern 
times.  The  one  thing  wanting  is,  that  it  should 
be  true ;  for  clearly  the  story  is  fable  from  begin- 
ning to  end. 

"  On  the  2d  of  August,  at  Johnson,  Trumbull  county, 
Ohio,  Mrs.  Timothy  Bradley  was  delivered  of  eight  chil- 
dren—  three  boys  and  five  girls.  They  are  all  living, 
and  are  healthy,  but  quite  small.  Mr.  B.'s  family  is  en- 
creasing  fast:  he  was  married  six  years  ago  to  Miss 
Mowery,  who  weighed  273  pounds  on  the  day  of  their 
marriage.  She  has  given  birth  to  two  pair  of  twins,  and 
npw  eight  more,  making  twelve  children  in  six  years.  It 
seems  strange,  but  nevertheless  is  true,  Mrs.  B.  was  a 
twin  of  three ;  her  mother  and  father  both  being  twins, 
and  her  grandmother  the  mother  of  five  pair  of  twins." 
—New  York  Tribune. 

Quoted  in  the  Stamford  Mercury^  Sep.  2,  1859. 

It  may  be  as  well  to  remark  that  the  greatest 
number  of  children  produced  at  one  birth,  of 
which  there  is  any  well-authenticated  record,  is 
five  (see  "N.  &  Q."  P'  S.  ii.  459.)  ;  and  of  these 
five  children,  three  were  still-born,  and  the  other 
two  lived  but  a  few  hours.  K.  P.  D.  E. 

Liverpool,  Cespoole,  Lerpoole  (2"'*  S.  viii.  110. 
198.  239.)— The  question  respecting  "Cespoole" 
is  of  some  interest,  and  much  more  might  be  said 
about  it.  Will  our  correspondent  W.  C,  who 
now  feels  satisfied  that  the  word  is  Lerpoole,  oblige 
by  sending  the  best  fac-simile  he  is  able  of  the 
word  as  it  stands  in  the  "  Diary,"  under  cover  to 
the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  P  G.  Y. 

The  Vulgate  of  1482  (2'^'^  S.  viii.  128.)  —  I 
happen  to  possess  a  black-letter  copy  of  the  Vul- 
gate similar  to  that  described  by  J.  C.  G.  L., 
only  its  date  is  1484,  and  the  number  of  lines  in 


each  column  is  fifty-six.  It  is  well  margined  with 
manuscript  marks  and  annotations  in  Latin  in  a 
very  old  hand.  At  the  close  of  the  Apocalypse 
there  are  these  lines  :  — 

"  Fontibus  ex  Grascis,  Hebreorum  quoque  libris 
Emendata  satis  et  decorata  simul 
Biblia  sum  pns*  superos  ego  testor  et  astra. 

Est  impressa  nee  in  orbe  mihi  similis. 
Singula  quaeque  loca  cum  concordantibus  extant 
Orthographia  simul  quam  bene  pressa  manet." 

Then  follows  the  imprint :  — 

"  Exactum  est  incly ta  in  urbe  Venetiarum  sacrosanctum 
Bibliae  volumen  integerrimis  expolitusque  litterarum  ca- 
racteribus.  Magistri  Johannis  dicti  Magni,  Herbort  de 
Selgenstat  Aleraani ;  qui  salva  ocium  pace  ausum  itlud 
afiirmare,  ceteros  facile  omnes  hac  tempestate  superemi- 
net.  Olympiad! bus  dominicis.  Anno  d.  mcccclxxxiiii. 
pridie  Kalendas  Maij." 

I  cannot  speak  as  to  the  rarity  of  this  edition, 
further  than  that  I  have  found  it  in  no  catalogue, 
and  that  it  is  not  noted  in  the  Dictionnaire  Biblio- 
graphique  (Paris,  1790),  though  no  less  than  six-, 
teen  editions  of  the  Vulgate  (of  the  fifteenth 
century)  are  given. 

I  have  a  small  folio  edition  of  the  Vulgate,  also 
printed  at  Venice,  1542,  with  brief  notes.  My 
copy  contains  the  preface  of  Isodorus  Clarius, 
which  is  very  rare,  as  it  was  afterwards  struck 
out  of  the  impression  by  order  of  the  Council  of 
Trent.  H.  B. 

FiU-garlick  (2°"^  S.  viii.  229.)  —The  derivation 
of  this  term  seems  one  of  those  that  it  is  impos- 
sible to  guess  at.  The  way  in  which  Chaucer 
speaks  of  pulling  garlick  evidently  points  to  some 
popular  anecdote  which  gave  meaning  to  the 
phrase. 

On  the  arrival  of  the  pilgrims  at  Canterbury 
the  Pardoner  is  cajoled  by  the  buxom  Tapster, 
and  having  made  a  nocturnal  appointment  with 
her  he  gives  her  money  to  purchase  a  good  supper. 
He  returns  at  the  appointed  time  only  to  find  his 
place  occupied  by  a  more  favoured  lover,  who 
eats  his  goose,  drinks  his  caudle,  and  beats  him 
with  his  own  stafi",  driving  him  out  to  spend  the 
night  under  the  stairs  in  fear  of  the  dog.  This 
Chaucer  calls  pulling  garlick  :  — 

"  And  ye  shall  hear  how  the  Tapster  made  the  Par- 
doner pull 
Garlick  all  the  long  night  till  it  was  near  end  day." 
Prol  Merch.  2nd  Tale,  122. 

The  specific  meaning  of  the  term  Pilgarlick 
seems,  one  put  upon  by  those  from  whom  better 
treatment  was  to  be  expected.  H.  W. 

Very  (2"^  S.  viii.  200.)— Is  not  this  word,  at 
least  in  its  intensive  sense,  derived  from  the 
Greek  ept-  ?  In  the  expression  "  Very  God  of 
Very  God  "  it  must  be  derived  from  Verus. 

P.  J.  F.  GANTIIiliON. 

•  This  contraction  1  cannot  decipher.  [It  is  a  contrac- 
tion for  both  penes  KoAprasena.  —  Ed.] 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Smtt.  24.  '59. 


"  O  wTidr  got  ye  that  bonnie  blue  bonnet "  (2"*  S. 
viii.  148.) — We  are  indebted  to  the  courtesy  of  the 
editor  of  the  (Glasgow)  Morning  Journal  for  send- 
ing us  a  copy  of  that  paper  containing  the  follow- 
ing communication  :  — 

"  Ir  the  impression  of  your  journal  for  Wednesday  last, 
under  the  heading  « A  Lost  Flower  of  Scottish  Song  Re- 
covered in  Arabia,'  it  is  stated  that  a  correspondent  of 
Notes  and  Queries  asks  information  regarding  the  ballad 
there  quoted.  I  am  not  aware  that  the  ballad  has  found 
a  place  in  any  published  collection ;  but  I  heard  it  sung 
in  Glasgow  more  than  sixty  years  ago.  I  was  then  a 
mere  child,  and  have  not  heard  it  since  —  yet  it  is  fresh 
in  my  memory ;  and  I  recollect  an  additional  stanza  with 
which  the  song  commenced.    It  was :  — 

'O!  whar  got  ye  that  bonnie  blue  bonnet?  — 

Silly,  blind  body,  canna  ye  see  ? 
I  got  it  frae  a  braw  Scotch  callan, 
Between  St.  Johnstone  and  bonnie  Dundee. 

'  0 !  gin  I  saw  the  dear  laddie  that  gied  me't ; 

Fu  aft  has  he  dandled  me  on  o'  his  knee : 
But  noo  he's  awa,  and  I  dinna  ken  whar  he's  — 
0 !  gin  he  were  back  to  his  minnie  and  me ! ' 

"  If  this  information  be  of  any  interest  to  •  Yemen,'  it  is 
very  much  at  his  service.  —  I  am,  &c., 

"  D.  M.  I. 
"  Stockbridge  Manse, 
Berwickshire,  Sept.  9.  1859." 

Leigh  (2°^  S.  v.  266.)  — I  thank  Lancastri- 
ENsis  for  his  note,  and  have  only  to  say  that  I 
copied  the  spelling  of  both  "  Leigh"  and  "  Boethes" 
from  several  of  the  Harl.  MSS.,  and  though  the 
Lyme  branch  spelt  their  name  "  Legh,"  all  the 
other  branches  of  the  same  family  appear  to  have 
used  the  i.  Y.  S.  M. 

Bonaventure's  Works  (2"'^  S.  viii.  128.  178.218.) 
—  Your  correspondent  will  find  a  list  of  Bona- 
venture's  Works  in  Fabricii  Bibl.  Lot.  Med.  et 
Inf.  JEtatis  (vol.  i.  p.  692—70.  ap.  m.).  My  own 
copy  of  Bonaventure  (not  his  complete  Works, 
which  form  eight  or  nine  volumes)  is  printed  at 
Paris,  1504,  black  letter.  H.  B. 

Rire  Jaune  (2"'^  S.  vii.  172.;  viii.  218.)— In  the 
Dictionnaire  du  Bas-Langage  (Paris,  1818,  2  vols. 
8vo.),  the  following  articles  occur  :  — 

"  Jaune.  Terme  metaphorique  et  injurieux  pour  bete, 
sot,  imbecile." 

"  Dire  des  contes  jaunes  ou  hleus.  Dire  des  choses  in- 
croyables,  des  mensonges." 

The  use  of  rire  jaune  for  a  forced,  affected,  or 
foolish  laugh,  seems  to  be  allied  with  these  appli- 
cations of  the  yfovd  jaune.  L. 

Dr.  Shelton  Mackenzie  QiP^  S.  viii.  169.  235.)— 
It  is  now  about  four^r  five  years  since  a  gentle- 
man who  knew  Dr.  Mackenzie  informed  me  that 
an  account  of  his  death  had  then  recently  ap- 
peared in  a  New  York  paper,  which  entered,  at 
Bome  length,  into  various  particulars  of  Dr.  M.'s 
literary  career,  both  in  England  and  America. 


Dr.  M.  had  left  this  country  for  the  United  States 
about  two  years  before  his  death,  of  which  Mr. 
AiNswoRTH  must  have  been  ignorant  when  he 
wrote  to  "  N.  &  Q."  J.  Macrat. 

Wife-selling  (P'  S.  passim;  2"*  S.  i.  420.  ;  vi. 
490.)  —  It  seems  that  wives  yet  remain  an  article 
of  merchandise  in  some  parts  of  England.  The 
following  cutting  is  from  the  Record  newspaper 
of  August  26th :  — 

"Selling  a  Wife.  —  The  disgraceful  exhibition  of 
selling  a  wife  took  place  at  Dudley  on  Tuesday  night. 
Hundreds  of  people  were  congregated  in  Hall  Street,  the 
scene  where  the  shocking  spectacle  was  to  be  seen.  The 
first  bid  was  l^d.,  and  ultimately  reached  6c?.  Her  hus- 
band, in  his  ignorance  thinks — this  repeated  three  times 
— she  has  actually  no  claim  upon  him. — Daily  Telegraph." 

Very  quaint  all  this  certainly  is,  and  an  ad- 
mirable paragraph  Mr.  Froude  would  have  written 
thereon  had  he,  when  collecting  materials  for  his 
History  of  the  Reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  discovered 
that  such  a  scene  had  been  enacted  in  the  then 
picturesque  streets  of  one  of  our  old  county  towns. 
The  vivid  picture  we  should  have  had  of  the  strong- 
willed  English  people  struggling,  though  some- 
times abnormally,  to  break  through  the  barriers 
that  had  so  long  retarded  their  free  develop- 
ment, would  have  been  worth  anything ;  but  it  is 
not  so  pleasant  to  read  of  such  a  transaction  in 
last  week's  newspaper.  One  wonders  whether 
there  are  any  magistrates  in  Dudley,  and  whether 
there  was  a  policeman  on  beat  in  Hall  Street  or 
among  the  "  large  crowd  "  which  another  account 
says  followed  the  vendor  shouting  after  him.  For 
the  information  of  magistrates  and  policemen  in 
that  neighbourhood  and  elsewhere,  it  may  be  as 
well  to  reprint  a  paragraph  that  appeared  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  1^'  S.  viii.  209. :  — 

"  West  Riding  Yorkshire  Sessions,  June  28,  1837 

Joshua  Jackson  convicted  of  selling  his  wife,  imprisoned 
one  month  with  hard  labour." 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

Somersetshire  Poets  (2°*  S.  viii.  204.) — I  ought 
to  have  stated  that,  when  speaking  of  Somerset- 
shire as  the  birthplace  of  poets,  I  purposely  ex- 
cluded Bristol  from  it.  Of  course  the  names  of 
Southey,  Chatterton,  and  others,  will  occur  to  the 
minds  of  most  people,  but  it  is  difficult  to  ascer- 
tain which  side  of  the  Avon  gave  them  birth, 
and  therefore  whether  the  honour  belongs  to 
Gloucestershire  or  to  Somerset.     C.  J.  Robinson. 

Side  Saddles  (2"'^  S.  viii.  187.)— See  John  Rous 
in  his  Historia  Regum  Anglice  (Hearne,  2nd  edit. 
p.  205.)  :  — 

"  Etiam  mulieres  nobiles  tunc  utebantur  thiaris  altis  et 
cornutis  cum  togis  caudatis  et  sellis  vel  sediliis  lateralibus 
equorum,  exemplo  venerabilis  Annse  reginae,  filije  regis 
Bohemia3,  quas  h£ec  primum  in  regnum  introduxit.  Nam 
prius  mulieres  de  omni  statu  equitabant  ut  viri  tibiis  super 
equos  divaricatis." 

Erica. 


2'«i  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


259 


Innismurray  (2"'^  S.  viii.  170.)  —  This  "  Isle  of 
the  Sea,"  situated  at  the  entrance  of  Sligo  Bay,  is 
somewhat  of  a  triangular  form,  containing  about 
200  acres  of  a  shallow  soil,  the  shore  being  ex- 
ceedingly bold,  almost  entirely  rock.  As  the  in- 
quiry of  J.  W.  is  directed  to  its  early  ecclesiastical 
history,  the  reply  must  be  limited  accordingly, 
though  there  is  much  interest  in  its  cliffs,  caverns, 
fishery,  geology,  and  above  all,  the  manners  of  its 
primitive  population.  In  his  early  days,  St.  Co- 
lumbe-kill,  whose  Life  has  been  lately  ably  edited 
by  Dr.  Reeves  of  Ballymena,  together  with  St. 
Molaisse,  consecrated  this  island  by  their  resi- 
dence ;  but  the  former,  anxious  to  enlarge  the 
sphere  of  his  Christian  labours,  sought  his  harvest 
elsewhere.  St.  Molais^  remaining,  built  a  church 
there,  one  of  the  few  Cyclopean  structures  now 
remaining  of  the  sixth  century.  St.  Dicholla 
died  Its  abbot  in  747,  as  did  Mac  Laisre  "  the 
learned  "  in  803.  In  807  the  island  was  laid  waste 
by  the  Danes.  St.  Molaisse's  foundation  is  situ- 
ated within  an  octangular  area  of  nearly  an  acre 
of  ground,  enclosed  by  a  wall  of  fine  workman- 
ship, 9  feet  thick  and  about  10  in  height,  wholly 
without  cement.  The  inner  part  is  filled  with 
odd  buildings,  tombs,  and  burial-places,  while 
in  the  centre  the  principal  edifice  is  about  8  feet 
long  by  4,  and  this  is  popularly  styled  the  saint's 
grave.  There  is  another  more  remarkable  struc- 
ture, nearly  round,  about  8  feet  wide,  and  roofed 
with  rough  shapeless  stones,  laid  on  so  carelessly 
that  everything  inside  can  be  seen  through  them ; 
yet  in  this  state,  without  the  help  of  an  arch,  has 
it  lasted  for  centuries.  Innismurray,  with  all  this 
northern  sea-coast  of  Sligo,  had  been  the  in- 
heritance of  the  O'Connor-Sligo  from  the  thir- 
teenth century  to  the  civil  war  of  1641,  when  the 
territory  was  swept  from  that  Sept,  and  the 
spoliation  was  sanctioned  by  a  grant  of  1674  from 
Charles  the  Second  to  William  Earl  of  Strafford 
and  Thomas  Radcliffe,  who  soon  after  sold  same 
to  Richard,  Earl  of  Colooney.  The  greater  por- 
tion is  now  vested  in  Lord  Palmerston,  who  has 
done  much  towards  improving  the  state  of  the 
country  and  the  habits  of  the  people,  while  he  is 
not  less  zealous  in  preserving  the  venerable  re- 
ligious remains  that  survive  over  his  lordship's 
estate.  John  D'Alton. 

Dublin. 

Sheridan's  Speech  on  Warren  Hastings'  Trial 
(p.'^^S.  viii.  131.)  — 

"  Sheridan's  speech  on  the  Begums  in  the  House  of 
Commons  (7  Feb.  1787),  admirable,  —  in  Westminster 
Hall  (3  June,  1788),  contemptible.  I  heard  both."  — 
Lord  Grenville  (Recollections  of  Sam,  Rogers,  p.  181.) 

E.  H.  A. 

Rev.  Peter  Cunningham  (2°*  S.  viii.  212.) — < 
— There  is  an  interesting  letter  from  this  gentle- 
man to  the  Rev.  Thomas  Wilson,  the  learned 
High  Master  of  Clitheroe  Grammar  Sch(^l,  in 


the  Selection  from  his  Poems  and  Correspondence,, 
with  a  Memoir,  by  the  Rev.  Canon  Raines, 
printed  for  the  Chetham  Society,  p.  137.,  1858. 
Mr.  Cunningham,  in  1788,  had  been  curate  of 
Eyam  thirteen  years,  and  speaks  of  "  the  former 
variegated  and  adversity-shaded  part  of  his  life;" 
but  having  become  "  reconciled  of  obscurity,"  had 
refused  Lord  Rodney's  offer  of  an  introduction 
to  the  Duke  of  Rutland,  when  Viceroy  of  Ire- 
land, and  also  the  chaplaincy  of  the  British  Fac- 
tory at  Smyrna. 

Mr.  C.  names  his  two  poems  "  The  Naval 
Triumph  "  and  "  The  Russian*  Prophecy."     M.  P. 

"  Harpoys  et  Fyssheponde "  (2"*  S.  viii.  49. 
115).  —  Harpuis  is,  as  Mr.  Boys  has  it,  a  Dutch 
word,  signifying  "  the  mixture  of  pitch,  tar,  and 
resin,  used  to  rub  the  outside  of  ships  with." 
But  Fyssheponde  most  likely  means  the  Dutch 
Vischwant,  "  fishing-nets."       J.  H.  Van  Lennep. 

Huis  te  Leiduin,  near  Haarlem, 
August  31,  1859. 

Codex  A.  (2"'^  S.  viii.  175.)  — Mb.  Buckton  is 
in  error  respecting  the  above  MS.  It  is  not,  and 
never  was,  at  Cambridge,  but  was  presented  by 
Charles  the  First  to  the  British  Museum,  and 
thve  it  remains  to  this  day. 

Mr.  B.  has  probably  confounded  this  Codex  A. 
or  Alexandrinus,  with  Codex  D.,  otherwise  called 
Codex  Bezoe,  or  Cantdbrigiensis.  The  latter  was 
published  in  facsimile  by  Kipling,  and  contains 
only  the  four  Gospels,  Acts,  and  a  fragment  of 
the  Catholic  Epistles.  The  former  contains,  with 
the  exception  of  the  first  twenty-five  chapters  of 
Matthew,  nearly  the  whole  of  the  N.  T.,  and  was 
published  in  facsimile  by  Woide,  folio,  London, 
1786.  Messrs.  Williams  and  Norgate  have  also 
recently  announced  their  intention  to  issue  in  a 
cheaper  form  a  literal  copy  of  this  celebrated 
MS.  Q. 

Junius  and  Henry  Flood  (2"*  S.  viii.  189.) — 
Flood's  deterrant  look  at  his  wife  may  have  been 
meant  to  stop  her  from  disclosing  his  friend's 
secret,  not  his  own.  Were  Francis  and  Flood 
intimates  ?  H.  C.  C. 

Primate  BramhalVs  Arms  (2°^  S.  v.  478.)— This 
prelate  bore  for  his  arms  "  Sa.  a  lion  rampant  or," 
impaling  those  of  his  wife.  Miss  Hawley,  "  Vert, 
a  saltire  engrailed,  argent."  The  primate  died  30 
June,  and  was  buried  18  July,  1663,  in  Christ 
Church,  Dublin.  His  widow  died  24,  and  was 
buried  25  Nov.  1665,  at  St.  Peter's  Church, 
Drogheda.  Y.  S.  M. 

Anne  Pole  (2°*  S.  viii.  170.)  —  There  are  three 
Miss  Poles  living  near  Sheviock  in  Cornwall, 
direct  descendants  of  Cardinal  Pole.  I  have  no 
doubt  that  they  can  give  Mr.  Ellis  every  in- 
formation respecting  their  ancestor.  Notsa. 


260 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2n«  S.  VIII.  Sept.  24.  '69. 


MiictXlKmaui* 

BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO  PUBCHASB. 

Manning's  Sermons.    Vol.  IV. 

Antonio  dk  Herbera,  Historia  General  del  Mukdo.  In  Three 
Parts.    Folio.    Madrid,  1601. 

Walton's  Polyglott  Bible,  Folio.  All  Vols,  except  II.  IV.  V.  and 
VI.  Or  the  above  will  be  sold  to  anyone  wanting  them  to  complete  a 
set. 

Da  vies  Gilbert's  8  vo.  Pamphlet  containing  "  Christmas  Carol "  in  Cor- 
nish.   About  1826. 

Breeches'  Bible,  1611.  An  imperfect  copy  might  do,  but  the  imperfec- 
tion must  be  stated. 

Johnson's  Lives  of  the  Poets.    8vo.    I?91.    Vol.  IV. 

•«•  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldt,  Publishers  of  "  NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

The  Beadtibs  of  England  and  Wales,  volume  for  Cumberland. 
Wanted  by  J.  Sraithwaite,  13.  St.  Ann's  Villas,  Netting  Hill,  W. 

An  Arcb:xolooical  Epistle  to  Dean  Milles.    4to.    1772. 
Wanted  by  W.  H.  Norton,  Post  Office,  Lincoln. 


'    The  Owl  and  the  Nightingale  (Wright.)    Percy  Society.    No.  39. 
The  Poems  op  John  Audelev  (Halliwell.)  Ditto.    No.  47. 

The    Religious  Poems  op  William   de   Shoreham  (Wright.)    Percy 

Society.    No.  85. 
The  Departing  Soul's  Address  to   the  IJodv  ;  a  Semi-Saxon  Poem 

(Sinaer.)    1845. 
Guest's  Histobv  op  English  Rhythms.    2  Vols.  8V0.    1838. 
The  Edinburoh  Review,  No.  188.  October,  1850. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Jos.  B.  Russell,  Rutherglen,  Glasgow. 


The  Honour   of  the  Gotjt;  or,  a  rational  Discourse    demonstrating 
that  the  Gout  is  one  of  the  greatest  Blessings  which  can  befal  Mortal 
Man.    8vo.    Either  the  1699  or  1720  edition. 
Wanted  by  E.  /Sfater, Bookseller,  129.  Market  Street,  Manchester. 

Herman  Mebitale's  Lectures  ok  Colonisation.    Longmans. 
Wanted  by  Messrs.  Hemingliam  4-  Hollis,  5.  Mount  Street,  W. 

Vieyra's  PoRTCGtTESE  Dictionary, by  Cunda.    2  Vols.  8vo.    J840. 
Wanted  by  liichardton  Brothers,  23.  Cornhill. 


jJottcfg  t0  €axvt&pantsmts. 

Anwng  other  Papers  o/ interest  which  will  appear  in  our  next  or  the 
following  number,  are  Sir  Walter  Trevelyan's  Ijist  of  Early  Wynkyn  de 
Worde  Tracts  ;  Sir  O.  C.  Lewis  on  Ancient  Names  of  the  Cat';  No.  3. 
of  Founrlation  Lists  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School:  Elegy  on  Hobbes; 
Curious  Notes  on  Johnson's  Lives  of  the  Poets;  tlie  Lord  Mayor  of  Dub- 
lin riding  the  Franchises;  and  Aphara  Behn,  ^c. 

ire  are  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  week  our  Notes  on  Books. 
Among  other  works  waiting  for  szich  notice  is  the  most  useful  Catalogue 
of  Books  of  Reference  in  the  Library  of  the  British  Museum. 

We  have  again  to  request  our  correspondents  to  he  precise  in  their  Re- 
ferences, both  when  replying  to  Queries  (in  which  case  the  vol.  and  page  of 
the  Queries  can  be  added  by  them  with  very  little  trouble),  and  also  in  ori- 
ginal communications.  Few  can  have  an  idea  of  the  time  occupied,  and 
the  labour  entailed  by  the  necessity  of  our  verifying,  and  in  many  cases 
gupplying  precise  references.  We  take  this  opportunity  also  of  reminding 
our  friends  how  necessary  it  is  that  all  Names  should  be  distinctly 
written. 

Cheroot.  The  earliest  mention  of  cigars  yet  recorded  in  "  N.  &  Q."  is 
1740.    *ee  2nd  S.  iv.  473. 

R.  H.  N.  B.  Various  explanatioTis  ofthephrase  "  at  Sixes  and  Sevens ' ' 
will  be  found  in  our  Ist  S.  lii.  42S. 

R.  A.  (Dundee.)  We  do  not  undertake  to  solve  questions  in  Whist. 
A  revoke  cannot  be  claimed  after  the  cards  are  cut  for  the  next  deal,  but 
may  be  at  any  time  before  that,  after  the  trick  has  been  turned  and 
quitted. 

P.  G.  whose  Query  respecting  Sir  James  Flower  appeared  antfe  p.  146., 
and  Ursa  Major,  whose  Query  respecting  Strength  of  Beer  was  inserted 
p.  169.,  are  requested  to  say  how  letters  may  be  addressed  to  them. 

A.  B.  R.    "  JSxitus  acta  probat,"  occurs  in  Ovid,  Epistola,  ii.  85. 

Erratum — In  the  article  on  Z.  Boyd,  "  N.  &  Q.,"  2nd  S.  viii.  p.  231. 
col.  ii.  1.  28,  in  the  account  of  the  first  edition  of  Boyd's  Holy  Songs, 
printed  at  Glasgow,  the  date  should  be  "  1645,"  not "  1648." 

_  "Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  /or 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (.including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  lis.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy,186.  Fleet  Street,  B.C.;  to  whom 
all  CoMMOwioATioNs  FOR  THE  Ediiob  skould  66  oddrctsed. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

gt  gltirbm  0f  |itifi:-C0imnunitatb« 

fob 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 
GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  id.  unstamped;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.  194.  —  September  17th. 

NOTES  :_The  Early  Editions  of  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  by  J.  G. 
Nichols —  The  Duke  of  Buckingham,  a  Ghost  Story—  The  Great  Ex- 
hibition of  1851,  by  Prof.  De  Morgan  — John  Lilly,  Dramatist,  by 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


261 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  1.1869. 


No.  196.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :_  Ancient  Names  of  the  Cat,  by  Sir  G.  C.  Lewis,  261  —Rare 
Tracts  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde  and  Pynson,  by  Sir  W.  C.  Trevelyan, 
S63— London  Sheriffs  and  Tenure- Services,  264—  Shakspeare's  House, 
lb A  phara  Behn ,  265. 

MiNon  Notes  :  — Family  Professions  —  Cromwellian  Relic  — A  Poet's 
Vow— Shaving  Statute  — Mauve  — Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  her  Secre- 
tary, 266. 

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Stones  — Danish  Forts  in  Ireland  —  Louis  the  Fifteenth  —  Finsbury 
Jail  — Sir  Francis  Drake,  his  Portrait,  &c.  —  Cibber's  "Apology"  — 
Scire  Facias  Club  —  Detached  Chapels  :  Becket's  Crown  —Sir  Robert 
le  Gry  s  _  Manuscript  Verse  Translation  of  De  Guileville's  "  Pilgrim- 
age —  Sir  John  Franklin  _"  Tale  of  a  Tub  "  —  Dean  Swift,  &c.,  267. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:- Bocardo  — Pensionary  — Rev.  Joseph 
Grigg  —  Walpurgis  —  "Beaver"  —  Gofton,  of  Fookwell,  Surrey  — 
Vigors  —  The  Apreece  Family,  270. 

REPLIES :  —  The  Early  Editions  of  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  by  Henry 
Huth,  P.  H.  Fisher,  Lord  Foley,&c,271  —Latin  Poem  against  Milton, 
by  R.  Brook  Aspland,  272  —  The  Grotesque  In  Churches,  &c.,  by  H.  T. 
Ellacombe,  &c.,  273. 

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—  Why  is  Luther  represented  with  a  Goose?  —  Buchanan  Pedigree  — 
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—  Sale  of  a  Man  and  his  Progeny  :  Serfdom  —  Legends  of  Normandy 
and  Brittany  —  Kentish  Fire  —  Alexander  Gordon,  &c.,  276. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


ANCIENT   NAMES   OF   THE   CAT. 

In  Greek,  aixovpos  properly  signified  the  cat, 
and  7o\^  the  weasel ;  but  the  ancients  did  not 
distinguish  accurately  between  the  cat  and  the 
weasel,  and  sometimes  used  their  names  indis- 
criminately, as  has  been  remarked  by  Perizonius 
ad  ^lian,  V.  H.  xiv.  4.,  and  Beckmann  all  Aristot. 
Mir.  p.  33. 

The  sanctity  of  the  atxovpos  in  Egypt  is  de- 
scribed by  Herod,  ii.  66,  67.,  and  by  Diod.  i.  83. 
87.  Strabo  states  that  all  the  Egyptians  worship 
the  ox,  the  dog,  and  the  aXxovpos,  and  that  the 
cit\ovpos  of  Egypt  is  tamer  than  that  of  other 
countries  (xvii.  1.  40.  and  2.  4.).  In  all  these 
passages  the  cat  is  meant.  See  Wilkinson,  Mari' 
Tiers  and  Customs  of  Ancient  Egyptians,  2nd  S. 
vol.  ii.  p.  161-8.  on  the  worship  of  the  cat,  and 
the  cat-mummies.  The  sacred  Egyptian  cat  is 
called  a  feles  by  the  Latin  writers  :  "  At  vero  ne 
fando  quidem  auditum  est,  crocodilum,  aut  ibim, 
aut  felem  violatum  ab  iEgyptio."  (Cic.  N.  D.  i. 
29.)  Temples  were  erected  to  feles,  according  to 
Arnob.  adv.  Gentes,  i.  28. 

In  the  BatracTiomyomachia,  the  -yaXri,  and  not 
the  (£[\ovpos,  is  represented  as  the  natural  enemy 
of  mice.  Thus,  in  v.  9.  it  is  said  that  a  thirsty 
mouse,  having  escaped  the  dangers  of  a  yaXeyi, 
drinks  water  out  of  a  pool.  In  v.  48.  it  is  de- 
clared that  the  three  things  which  a  mouse  most 
dreads  are  a  hawk,  a  70^677,  and  a  trap ;  but  spe- 
cially he  fears  a  yaXeij,  which  pursues  him  into  his 
hole.  In  V.  131.  a  mouse  complains  of  his  un- 
lucky fate  in  losing  his  three  sons.  The  first  was 
killed  by  a  hateful  yaXir],  catching  him  outside 
M^   his  hole.    The  second  was  caught  by  men  in  a 


trap.  The  third  was  dragged  down  by  a  frog  into 
the  water.  In  tliis  poem  the  ya\(ri  must  denote 
the  weasel,  as  it  is  described  as  pursuing  the 
mouse  into  its  hole.  On  the  other  hand  Calli- 
machus,  in  the  Hymn  to  Ceres,  v.  111.,  describes 
the  visitation  of  hunger  with  which  Erysichthon 
was  cursed,  by  saying  that  he  was  driven  to 
eating  mules  and  horses,  "  and  the  aXKovpos,  which 
the  small  animals  dread."  In  Theocrit.  Id.  xv. 
28.,  a  proverbial  saying  is  introduced,  at  7aA6ai 
ixaXuKus  xplf<^^otnt  KudevSiv,  the  application  of  which 
is  not  obvious  ;  but  it  appears  to  refer  to  the  cat, 
and  not  to  the  weasel. 

Aristotle,  in  his  History  of  Animals,  uses  alfAow- 
pos  for  cat,  V.  2.  He  remarks  that  it  eats  birds, 
ix.  6.  In  vi.  37.  he  says  that  wild  7aAar  destroy 
mice,  and  that  the  70^^  kills  birds  in  an  ingenious 
manner  (jppov((iws)  ;  it  attacks  their  throat,  as  a 
wolf  kills  a  sheep,  ix.  6.  (Compare  Camus,  Notes 
sur  VHist.  des  An.  d'Aristote,  pp.  119.  195.) 

The  ferret  was  called  by  the  Greeks  the  Tar- 
tessian  yaXri ;  this  variety  of  the  weasel  tribe 
having,  as  it  appears,  been  originally  a  native  of 
the  north-western  region  of  Africa  and  the  south- 
western part  of  Spain.  (See  "  N.  &  Q."  2°*  S. 
vji.  191.)  Dureau  de  la  Malle,  in  his  paper  on 
the  domestication  of  the  cat,  Annates  des  Sciences 
Naturelles,  torn.  xvii.  (1829),  is  mistaken  in  iden- 
tifying the  yaXft  Taprqffia  with  the  civet,  Viverra 
civetta,  p.  188.  The  Uns  of  Aristotle,  H.  A.  ix. 
6.,  is,  according  to  Dureau  de  la  Malle,  thefouine 
.or  the  marte  (the  polecat  or  the  martin).  Others 
have  considered  it  a  species  of  ferret ;  Schneider 
ad  Aristot.  H.  A.  vol.  iv.  p.  48.  The  ferret  is 
called  Viverra  by  Plin.  viii.  81. 

The  Greek  mythology  had  a  story  of  Galanthis 
being  metamorphosed  into  a  weasel  QyaXri).  Ac- 
cording to  this  story,  as  related  by  Ovid,  when 
Alcmena  is  in  the  pains  of  the  labour  which  is  to 
bring  Hercules  into  the  world,  Juno,  from  jea- 
lousy, seeks  to  retard  the  birth,  and  she  j)roduces 
this  effect  by  knitting  her  hands  together  in  a 
magic  knot.  Galanthis,  a  Theban  woman,  in- 
duces her  to  relax  this  position  by  telling  her 
that  the  delivery  of  Alcmena  is  completed.  The 
charm  is  broken  by  this  false  intelligence,  and  the 
infant  Hercules  is  born.  Juno,  out  of  revenge, 
changes  Galanthis  into  a  weasel. 

Galanthis  is  thus  described  :  — 

"  Una  ministrarum,  media  de  plebe,  Galanthis, 
Flava  comas  aderatj  faciendis  strenua  jussis." 

Her  metamorphosis  is  pourtrayed  as  follows  :  — 

"  Strenuitas  antiqua  manet ;  nee  terga  colorem 
Amisere  suum :  forma  est  diversa  priori. 
Quae,  quia  mendaci  parientem  juverat  ore, 
Ore  parit ;  nostrasque  domos,  ut  et  ante,  frequentat." 
Met.  ix,  306—323. 

These  verses  allude  to  the  mobility  of  the  weasel, 
to  its  flesh-coloured  coat,  to  its  being  the  inmate 
of  the  dwellings  of  man,  and  to  the  fiction,  accre- 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


(lited  among  the  ancients,  of  its  producing  its 
young  by  the  mouth. 

A  similar  tale  is  related  by  Antoninus  Libe- 
ralis,  c.  29.,  from  the  Metamorphoses  of  Nicander, 
a  poem  in  hexameter  verse  by  the  author  of  the 
extant  Theriaca  and  Alexipharmaca,  who  flou- 
rished 185—135  B.C.  According  to  this  version 
it  is  the  Fates  and  Ilithyia  who  retard  the  birth 
of  Hercules,  and  the  Theban  woman  who  deceives 
them  is  named  Galinthias.  The  latter  is  punished 
by  her  conversion  into  a  deceitful  weasel,  which 
lives  in  a  hole,  and  which  produces  its  young,  in 
an  unnatural  manner,  by  the  throat. 

Other  discrepant  versions  of  the  story  occur  in 
JElian,  Nat.  An.  xii.  5.,  where  it  is  said  that  the 
Tiiebans  worshipped  the  weasel,  either  because  it 
had  been  the  nurse  of  Hercules,  or  because,  by 
running  before  Alcmena,  when  she  was  in  the 
pains  of  labour,  it  accelerated  the  birth  of  Her- 
cules. The  malicious  character  and  unnatural 
habits  of  the  jaKri  are  further  alluded  to  in 
iElian,  N.  A.  xv.  11.  Aristotle,  Gen.  An.  iii.  6. 
mentions  with  contempt  the  popular  error  that 
the  weasel  produces  its  young  by  the  mouth ;  he 
attributes  it  to  the  fact  that  the  young  of  the 
weasel  are  very  small,  and  that  It  is  in  the  habit 
of  carrying  them  in  its  mouth.  A  similar  error 
was  prevalent  In  antiquity,  that  the  goat  breathed 
through  its  ears.  (Aristot.  Hist.  An.  i.  II.;  iElian, 
Nut.  An.  i.  53.) 

In  Latin,  mnstela  is  properly  a  weasel,  a  feles  a 
cat ;  but  these  names  seem  sometimes  to  be  used 
indiscriminately.  The  confusion  was  the  more 
natural  as  feles  originally  signified  only  a  thief, 
being  derived  from  the  Greek  ^XrjT-ns.  Thus  in 
Plaut.  Pers.  iv.  9.  14.  the  leno  Is  called  "  scelesta 
feles  vlrginaria,"  and  again,  "  feles  virginalis,"  in 
Rud.  iii.  4.  43. 

Pliny,  xxix.  16.,  says  that  there  are  two  sorts 
of  mustela,  the  wild  and  the  tame.  The  wild  is  of 
large  size,  and  is  called  'iktu  by  the  Greeks.  That 
which  wanders  about  our  houses,  and  (according 
to  Cicero)  removes  its  yoxing  every  day,  destroys 
serpents.  Alost  of  this  passage  is  transcribed  by 
Isid.  Orig.  xii.  3.  3.  The  enmity  of  mustelce  and 
serpents  is  mentioned  likewise  by  Pliny,  x.  95. 

Plautus,  Stick.  Iii.  2.  6.,  describes  a  mustela  as 
catching  a  mouse  In  the  open  air  :  — 

"  Auspicio  hodie  optumo  exivi  foras : 
Mustek  murem  abstulit  praeter  pedes." 

Palladius,  a  writer  of  the  fourth  century,  in  his 
work  on  agriculture,  in  giving  directions  respect- 
ing the  cultivation  of  the  carduus,  says,  "  Contra 
talpas  prodest  catos  frequenter  habere  In  mediis 
carduetis.  Mustelas  habent  plerique  mansuetas," 
iv.  9.  4. 

The  stealthy  habits  of  the  feles  in  surprising 
birds  and  mice,  likewise  Its  habit  of  covering  Its 
excrements  with  earth,  are  described  by  Pliny?  x. 
94.,  where  the  cat  is  meant.    Varro,  R.  R.  iii.  11., 


directs  that  a  receptacle  for  ducks  should  be  so 
constructed  that  a  feles  or  any  other  animal  may 
not  creep  into  It.  Columella,  viii.  15.,  gives  simi- 
lar instructions,  but  mentions  the  vipera  as  well 
as  the  feles.  Here,  as  the  commentators  remark, 
a  polecat  or  other  animal  of  the  weasel  tribe  is 
signified. 

The  use  of  these  words  in  the  ancient  fabulists 
will  throw  light  on  their  meaning. 

In  Babrlus,  Fah.  17.,  an  aXxovpos,  laying  snares 
for  the  poultry,  hangs  himself  from  a  peg,  and 
pretends  to  be  a  bag  of  flour  ;  the  cock  discovers 
the  trick.  A  fuller  version  of  this  fable  is  given 
in  ^sop.  Fab.  28.  ed.  Coraes,  where  the  ai\ovpos 
Is  described  as  using  the  same  stratagem  against 
the  mice.  In  Phgedrus,  Iv.  2.  it  is  however  told 
of  the  mustela  and  the  mice. 

In  Babr.  Fah.  121.  an  aiAoupos  pretends  to  be  a 
physician,  and  visits  a  sick  hen ;  in  ^sop,  Fah.  6. 
an  aiKovpos  catches,  kills,  and  eats  a  cock. 

In  Babr.  Fob.  27.  a  man  traps  a  yaKt],  and  is 
about  to  drown  it.  The  animal  begs  its  life,  on 
the  ground  of  having  done  service  by  killing  mice 
and  lizards.  But  the  man  retorts  that  it  has 
strangled  the  hens,  and  opened  the  meat-chest :  so 
It  must  die.  In  Phasdr.  I,  21.  the  same  fable  is 
told  of  the  mustela. 

In  Babr.  Fab.  31.  a  perpetual  war  Is  described 
as  existing  between  yoXal  and  mice,  the  former 
preying  upon  the  latter.  The  same  fable  recurs 
in  Phajdr.  iv.  6.  with  mustelce  and  mures. 

Babr.  Fab.  32.  a  yaKn,  metamorphosed  Into  a 
woman,  runs  after  a  mouse.  The  same  word  is 
repeated  in  the  Greek  prose  versions  of  the  fable. 
In  La  Fontaine,  It  is  "  La  chatte  metamorphosee 
en  femme." 

wiEsop,  Fab.  109.  Cor.  a  bat  caught  by  a  laA.^ 
implores  to  be  released;  to  which  the  yaKrt  answers 
that  he  is  the  natural  enemy  of  all  winged  ani- 
mals. The  bat  replies  that  he  is  not  a  bird,  but  a 
mouse.  Being  caught  by  another  yaXri,  who  says 
that  he  is  the  enemy  of  mice,  the  bat  replies  that 
he  is  a  bat,  not  a  mouse. 

iEsop,  JFah.  261.  Cor.,  a  snake  and  a  yaXri  lived 
together  in  a  house,  and  fought  against  one  an- 
other. The  mice  rejoiced  at  the  enmity,  and  came 
out  to  sec  them  do  battle ;  whereupon  the  com- 
batants turned  upon  the  mice.  This  fable  alludes 
to  the  supposed  enmity  of  the  weasel  and  the 
snake,  mentioned  by  Plin.  ubi  sup. ;  Aristot.,  H. 
A.  ix.  5. ;  iElian,  iV.  A.  iv.  14. 

.SJsop,  Fab.  291.  Cor.,  the  yaKri  complains  that 
he  Is  not  allowed  by  his  master  to  use  his  voice, 
like  the  parrot ;  but  if  he  makes  a  sound,  he  is 
chlded  and  driven  away. 

In  the  fable  o^  aguila,  feles,  and  aper,  In  Phajdr. 
II.  4.,  the  feles  breeds  in  a  cavity  at  the  foot  of  a 
tree,  and  climbs  up  the  tree  to  the  eagle. 

From  these  passages  it  appears  that  the  ancients 
were  in  the  habit  of  keeping  some  animal  of  the 


2nd  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


263 


weasel  tribe,  tame,  in  their  houses,  for  the  same 
purpose  for  which  we  use  the  cat.  The  habits  of 
the  two  animals  in  destroying  birds  and  mice  were 
similar,  and  their  names  seem  to  have  been  occa- 
sionally confounded.  It  is  stated  by  Dureau  de 
la  Malle,  in  his  Dissertation  cited  above,  that  the 
polecat  is  susceptible  of  domestication. 

The  word  catus,  as  we  have  already  seen,  is 
used  by  Palladius  to  denote  an  animal  kept  for 
the  destruction  of  moles.  This  was  probably  some 
animal  of  the  weasel  tribe,  and  not  a  cat.  Isido- 
rus,  Orig.  xii.  2.  38.,  has  the  following  article  : 
"  Musio  [murio  ?]  appellatus,  quod  muribus  infes- 
tus  sit.  Hunc  vulgus  catum  a  captura,  vocant." 
It  has  been  conjectured  that  the  word  is  derived 
from  the  old  adjective  cato,. which  signified  cun- 
ning, wise.  On  the  other  hand,  caluhis,  as  well  as 
catellus,  appears  to  be  a  diminutive  form  of  canis. 
Taros  and  ydra  for  cat  occur  in  mediaeval  Greek. 
Ducange,  Gloss.  Med.  Gr.  in  v. 

The  v/ordfeles  is  lost  in  the  Romance  languages, 
which  use  derivatives  of  caius.  The  same  is  the 
case  with  the  modern  Celtic  and  Teutonic  lan- 
guages. Diez,  Rom.  Wort,  in  jGatto,  p.  166., 
traces  these  forms  to  a  Celtfc  origin,  which  is  im- 
probable. G.  C.  Lewis. 

HARE    TRACTS    BY    WYNKTN    DE    WORDE    AND 
PTNSON. 

The  enclosed  are  notes  of  five  tracts  printed  by 
Wynkyn  de  Worde,  and  one  by  Richard  Pynson, 
which  are  either  not  mentioned  in  Dibdin's  Typo- 
graphical Antiquities,  or  are  different  editions 
from  those  mentioned ;  they  are  bound  up  in  a 
volume  which  contains  also  Nos.  169.  192,  193, 
194. 370. 380. 405. 413.  of  Dibdin's  list  of  the  books 
printed  by  W.  de  W.,  and  No.  850.  of  those 
printed  by  John  Rastell.  I  sent  to  Dr.  Dibdin 
an  account  of  the  contents  of  the  valuable  volume 
many  years  ago,  but  it  was  after  the  publication 
of  his  T.  A.,  and  I  know  not  whether  he  ever 
made  use  of  my  information ;  if  not,  it  may  interest 
some  of  your  readers  to  know  of  these  (probably) 
very  rare  tracts  of  Caxton's  successor.  The 
volume  is  preserved  in  the  valuable  library  at 
Bamburgh  Castle,  and  was  probably  previously 
in  the  library  of  John  Sharp,  Archbishop  of  York, 
the  principal  part  of  which  was  by  his  grandson 
John  Sharp,  (one"  of  the  trustees  of  the  charity,) 
bequeathed  to  Lord  Crewe's  trustees. 

1.  "In  the  name  of  God  here  begynneth  the  rule  of  the 
ly vyiige  of  the  bretherne  and  systers  of  the  order  of  peny- 
tentes."  (Below  this  title  is  a  woodcut  of  a  vision  of  St. 
Francis,  &c.) 

"  Thus  endeth  the  rule  of  the  lyvj'nge  of  the  bretherne 
and  sj'sters  of  ye  ordre  of  penytentes.  Enprynted  at 
London  in  Flete  strete,  at  ye  sygne  of  the  sonne  by  Wyn- 
kyn de  Worde.  In  the  j-ere  of  our  lorde  a.m.ccccc. 
&  X." 

4to.  on  twelve  leaves,  to  C.  3.    At  the  end  is 


"  Mons  perfecciouis  otherwyse  in  Englysshe,  the  hyll 
of  perfeccon." 


device  No.  5.  of  Dibdin's   Typographical  Anti- 
quities. 

2.  Under  a  woodcut  of  a  bishop ; 

"Mons  perfecciouis  otherwyse  in  En 
perfeccon." 

On  the  reverse  a  woodcut  of  the  crucifixion  :  — 

"Exhortacio  facta  Cartusientibus  et  aliis  religiosis  p 
venerandu  in  xpo  patrem  et  diim  dominii  Johem  Alcok 
Eliens.  episcopQ." 

"  Enprynted  at  Westmestre  by  Wynkyn  the  Worth  ye 
yere  of  our  Lorde  M.cccc.lxxxxvi.,  and  in  the  yere  of 
the  reyne  of  the  moost  vyctorj-ous  prynce  our  moost  na- 
turell  sovereyn  lorde  Henry  the  seventh,  at  the  instaunce 
of  the  ryght  reverende  relygyoua  fader  Thomas  pryour 
of  ye  house  of  saynt  Anne  the  ordre  of  the  Chartrouse, 
and  fynyshyd  the  xxij  daye  of  the  moneth  of  Septembre 
in  the  yere  abovesayd." 

4to.  on  twenty-eight  leaves,  to  E.  4.  At  end 
woodcut  of  transfigui-ation. 

Dibdin,  No.  104.,  gives  two  later  editions,  viz. 
May,  1497,  and  May,  1501. 

3.  "  Here  begynneth  a  lytell  treatyse  of  the  dyengc 
creature  enfected  with  sj'kenes  uncurable  with  many 
sorowfull  complayntes."  (Woodcut  of  a  dying  man ;  oii 
reverse  a  dying  man  with  demons.)  "Here  endeth  a 
lytell  treatyse  of  the  dyenge  creature.  Enprynted  at 
London  in  Flete  Strete  in  the  sygne  of  the  sonne  by 
Wynkj'n  de  Worde,  Anno  diii  m.ccccc.vi."  (Woodcut 
of 'pope,  cardinall,  and  kings  kneeling  to  the  Vir^jin.) 
"  O  holy  Mary,  moder  of  God,  praye  for  us  synners." 

4to.  on  sixteen  leaves.  On  reverse  of  last  leaf, 
device  No.  6.  :  an  edition  of  the  following  year 
(1507)  is  mentioned.  No.  174. 

4.  Below  the  same  woodcut  of  a  bishop  as  in 
No.  2., 

"Desponsacio  virgini  Xristo.  Spousage  of  a  virgj'n  to 
Cryste." 

On  the  reverse,  woodcut  of  crucifixion. 

"  An  exhortacyon  made  to  Relygyouse  S3'sters  in  the 
tyme  of  theyr  consecracj-on  by  the  Eeverende  Fader  in 
God  Johan  Alcok  bysshop  of  Ely." 

"  Enprynted  at  Westmjmstre  by  Wynken  de  Worde." 
(Device,  "No.  5.  of  Dibdin.) 

4to,  ten  leaves,  to  B.  3. 

5.  "  Here  begynneth  ye  rule  of  our  holy  fader  S. 
Austen  y'  noble  doctour."  (Below  woodcut  of  a  writer 
at  his  desk.)  "  Thus  endeth  ye  rule  of  our  blessyd  fader 
Saynt  Austen,  bysshop  of  Yponens,  y*  noble  doctour. 
Enprynted  at  London  in  Flete  Strete  at  the  sj'gne  of  the 
Sonne  by  Wynkvn  de  Worde."  (Device,  No.  7.  of  Dib- 
din.) 

4to.  six  leaves,  to  A.  6. 

6.  "  The  boke  of  conforte  agaynste  all  tribulacions." 
(Above  a  woodcut  of  the  crucifixion ;  on  reverse  the  same 
cut.  On  fourth  leaf  a  woodcut  of  the  judgment  of  Pilate.) 
"  Sanguis  eius  super  nos  et  sup  filios  nostros."  (On  leaf 
14  the  crucifixion  again)  ;  on  the  21st  leaf,  "  Here  after 
foloweth  the  Prologe  of  the  auctour  upon  the  mater  of 
the  seven  mortal  synnes  and  of  the  doughters  or 
braunches  of  them,  and  wythe  theyr  remedyes."  (On  re- 
verse cut  of  author  at  desk ;  on  foL  32.  cut  of  David  and 
Goliah.)    "  Here  folowen  the  x  comaudementes." 

4to.  fifty-six  leaves. 


264 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


"  Thus  endeth  thys  ryght  profitable  tretj'se,  Entyteled 
the  boke  of  consolacion  or  comfort  agaynste  al  trybula- 
cion.  Enprinted  in  London  by  Rychard  Pjmson.  At  the 
sygne  of  the  George  in  flete  Strete." 

Cut  of  crucifixion ;  on  reverse,  device  as  1.  or 
3,  of  Dibdin.  W.  C,  Trevelyan. 

Wallington. 


liONDON    SHERIFFS   AND   TENURE-SERVICES. 

By  an  act  passed  in  the  last  Session  of  Parlia- 
ment (13th  Aug.),  two  very  ancient  and  singular 
practices  (which  had  long  survived  the  purport  of 
their  original  institution)  in  connexion  with  the 
"  Presentation"  at  Westminster  of  the  Sheriffs  of 
London  and  Middlesex,  have  been  abolished. 
They  consisted  in  counting  so  many  horse-shoes, 
and  the  nails  belonging  to  them,  and  of  chopping 
two  pieces  of  stick  with  whittles  or  small  knives. 
Blount,  in  his  Ancient  Tenures  (4to.  Lond.,  1815), 
gives  the  origin  of  both  these  curious  ceremonies 
as  follows :  — 

"  Walter  le  Brun,  farrier,  in  the  Strand,  in  Middlesex, 
was  to  have  a  piece  of  ground  in  the  parish  of  St.  Cle- 
ment, to  place  a  forge  there,  he  rendering  yearly  six 
horse-shoes  for  it.  This  rent  was  antiently  wont  to  be 
paid  to  the  Exchequer  every  j'ear :  for  instance,  in  the 
first  year  of  King  Edw.  I.,  when  Walter  Marescellus  paid 
at  the  crucem  lapideam  six  horse-shoes,  with  nails,  for  a 
certain  building  which  he  held  of  the  king  in  capita  op- 
posite the  stone  cross ;  in  the  second  year  of  King  Edw.  I., 
in  the  fifteenth  year  of  King  Edw.  II.,  and  afterwards. 
It  is  still  rendered  at  the  Exchequer  to  this  day  by  the 
Mayor  and  citizens  of  London,  to  whom  in  process  of 
time  the  said  piece  of  ground  was  granted."  —  P.  333. 

The  chopping  with  a  whittle  is  thus  given  :  — 

"Walter  de  Aldeham  holds  land  of  the  king,  in  the 
More,  in  the  county  of  Salop,  by  the  service  of  paying  to 
the  king  yearly,  at  his  Exchequer,  two  knives  (whittles) 
whereof  one  ought  to  be  of  that  value  (or  goodness)  that 
at  the  first  stroke  it  would  cut  asunder,  in  the  middle,  a 
hasle  rod  of  a  year's  growth,  and  of  the  length  of  a  cubit 
(half  a  yard),  &c.,  which  same  service  ought  to  be  done 
in  the  middle  of  the  Exchequer,  in  the  presence  of  the 
treasurer  and  barons,  every  year,  on  the  morrow  of  St. 
Michael :  and  the  said  knives  (whittles)  to  be  delivered 
to  the  chamberlain  to  keep  for  the  king's  use." — Pp.  317, 
318.) 

Under  the  new  regulation,  the  future  Sheriffs 
of  London  and  Middlesex  are  not  only  relieved 
from  the  performance  of  the  above  ancient  cere- 
monies, but  also  from  personal  attendance  at  the 
Court  of  Exchequer,  accompanied  by  the  Lord 
Mayor,  Recorder  and  Aldermen  of  London,  to  be 
approved  and  sworn  before  the  Lord  Chief  Baron. 
Henceforth  the  Queen's  Remembrancer  will  com- 
municate her  Majesty's  approval  of  the  Sheriffs 
elect,  and  make  the  necessary  records.  The  rents 
and  services  in  respect  of  the  tenure  of  the  waste 
piece  of  ground  called  "the  Moors,"  in  the  county 
of  Salop,  and  of  a  tenement  called  "  the  Forge," 
in  the  parish  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  Middlesex, 


may  now  be  rendered  by  the  corporation  of 
London,  or  by  their  authorised  agent  appointed 
for  that  purpose,  at  the  office  of  her  Majesty's  Re- 
membrancer. Whether  the  Shropshire  Moor  is 
still  in  the  hands  of  the  City  corporation  we  know 
not;  but  the  Forge  has  long  since  passed  away, 
together  with  the  Stone  Cross  that  faced  it  at  the 
period  of  the  original  grant  of  the  premises,  a.d. 
1235,  temp.  King  Henry  IH.  Gogmagog. 


shakspeare's  house. 

Most  of  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q."  are  aware 
that  in  1848  a  band  of  spirited  gentlemen  (Messrs. 
Dickens,  Forster,  and  others)  proposed,  by  means 
of  amateur  theatrical  performances,  to  raise  a 
fund  for  "  the  purchase  of  Shakspeare's  house  at 
Stratford,  and  the  establishment  of  a  perpetual 
curatorship  to  be  held  by  one  distinguished  in 
literature."  This  office  was,  in  the  first  instance, 
to  be  offered  to  Mr.  Sheridan  Knowles,  who  had 
then  retired  from  the  stage  in  declining  health. 
The  amateur  performances,  it  will  be  remember- 
ed, took  place :  Ijut  it  was  said  that  Mr.  Knowles 
declined  to  accept  an^  pecuniary  advantage  from 
them,  he  having  been  otherwise  provided  for,  by  a 
government  pension. 

This  latter  report,  however,  I  have  been  told, 
has  since  been  publicly  contradicted. 

I  have  no  doubt  that,  like  myself,  many  of  your 
readers  will  be  glad  to  learn  how  this  matter 
stands ;  whose  property  Shakspeare's  house  now 
is  *,  and  to  what  purpose  the  funds  realised  by  the 
accomplished  troop  of  amateur  Thespians  have 
been  appropriated. 

I  see  it  stated  in  the  newspapers  that  a  name- 
sake of  the  poet  has  recently  bequeathed  a  sum  of 
2500L  for  the  formation  of  a  Museum  in  the  house 
at  Stratford,  with  an  annuity  of  60Z.  for  a  custo- 
dier. 

But  what  suggested  my  Query  at  present  was 
the  circumstance  that  a  few  days  ago  a  friend 
placed  in  my  hands  the  lines  which  I  enclose,  and 
which  were  intended  to  be  spoken  as  Prologue  to 
the  amateur  performances  in  aid  of  the  above 
object,  at  Glasgow,  in  July,  1848.  The  verses 
had  been  given  to  my  friend  by  a  well-known  be- 
nevolent gentleman,  not  long  since  deceased,  who 
had  a  marine  villa  at  this  place,  A.  S.  D.  Esq.  of 
Glasgow.     Mr.  D.  took  a  leading  part  in  making 

[*  The  house  at  Stratford  is  now  the  propertj'  of  the 
nation,  for  whom  it  is  held  by  certain  trustees,  the  Karl 
of  Carlisle  being,  we  believe,  the  head  of  them.  Mr. 
John  Shakspeare,  who  during  his  lifetime  gave  a  large 
sum,  between  2000Z.  and  3000/.,  for  the  upholding  and 
restoration  of  Shakspeare's  house,  at  his  death,  some  two 
or  three  years  since,  left  2500/.  more  for  the  permanent 
preservation  of  the  liouse,  gardens,  &c.,  and  charged  bis 
estate  with  an  annuity  of  60/.  for  a  custodian ;  but  the 
will  has  been  disputed,  and  the  matter  is  still  subjudice. 
—Ed.  "  N.  &  Q."] 


2»d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


S66 


the  arrangements  for  the  amateur  performances  in 
that  city,  principally,  1  believe,  from  feelings  of 
personal  regard  for  Mr.  Knowles,  whose  interests 
were  then  supposed  to  be  identified  with  the  suc- 
cess of  the  experiment. 

Whether  the  Prologue  was  ever  offered  to  the 
amateur  actors,  my  friend  did  not  inquire :  that  it 
was  not  spoken  I  know,  having  been  myself  pre- 
sent at  all  their  performances  in  the  Glasgow 
theatre. 

The  original  MS.  has  the  initial  B.  subscribed  to 
it.  This,  however,  seems  to  be  in  the  handwriting 
of  Mr.  D.,  who  stated  to  my  friend  that  it  was  the 
composition  of  a  member  of  the  University;  and 
the  initial  will  apply  to  more  than  one  individual 
in  that  learned  body. 

The  verses  having  never  before  been  published, 
should  they  appear  to  you  deserving  of  a  place  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  and  prove  the  means  of  eliciting  an 
answer  to  the  Query  I  have  proposed,  or  any  in- 
formation of  interest  regarding  the  fortunes  and 
fate  of  Shakspeare's  house  at  Stratford,  my  friend 
authorises  me  to  place  them  at  your  disposal. 

M.  (2.) 

Helensburgh,  31st  August,  1859. 

"  Lines  intended  to  be  spoken  as  Prologue,  ^c. 

"  In  ancient  times  when  glorious  Greece  bore  sway 
In  arts  and  arms  the  Albion  of  her  day, 
Could  some  fond  finger,  pointing  to  his  hearth, 
Proclaim  '  'Twas  here  Maeonides  had  birth : — 
Here  was  his  cradle : — toils  and  triumphs  by 
Here  came  at  last  the  blind  old  man  to  dy,' — 
O,  with  what  pride  had  sage,  had  poet  knelt 
Beneath  the  roof  where  mighty  Homer  dwelt, 
Worshipp'd  each  relic  as  a  thing  divine. 
The  house  a  temple,  and  the  hearth  a  shrine ! 

"And  lo!  from  every  land,  from  every  sea. 
Troop  pilgrim  crowds  to  fair  Parthenope, 
Left  unregarded,  half  thy  wonders,  Rome, 
To  gaze  and  flow  at  Virgil's  honour'd  tomb ! 
Sacred  from  change  see  proud  Arezzo  keep 
The  home  that  hush'd  her  Petrarch's  infant  sleep, ' 
From  change  Ferrara  fence  the  modest  cell 
Where  Ariosto  wove  his  wizard  spell ! 

"  And  shall  thy  sons  on  whose  world-circling  away 
Ke'er  sets  the  summer,  and  ne'er  sinks  the  day. 
Millions  in  every  clime  who  own  the  tongue 
In  which  thj'  Shakspeare  thought,  thy  Shakspeare  sung, 
Shall  they  who  know  where  drew  his  earliest  breath 
Our  more  than  Homer,  where  his  last  in  death, 
Profan'd  to  vulgar  uses  or  forgot 
A  common  ruin  yield  that  hallow'd  spot  ? 

"  Britain !  forbid — forbid  so  foul  a  brand 
Should  stamp  for  scorn  thy  Shakspeare's  father-land. 
From  Vandal's  touch,  from  time,  from  tempest's  rage. 
Be  his  hearth  sacred  still,  from  age  to  age, 
A  nation's  care,  a  wide  world's  pilgrimage ! 

"  There  youthful  genius  where  great  Shakspeare  trod 
Shall  find  his  call,  and  own  th'  inspiring  God ; 
There  musing  mindful  of  the  mighty  dead 
Shall  statesmen,  orators,  and  sages  tread ; 
And  while  they  ponder  on  his  matchless  line. 
Where  wit  with  wisdom  strives,  and  both  divine. 
High  thoughts  shall  trance  them,  and  high  fancies  feast. 
The  house  a  fane,  a  poet  for  its  priest ! 


"  Ah !  yes — a  poet  for  its  priest — how  meet ! 
And  needs  an  actor  too  ?     In  both  complete 
See  Nature  boon  to  j'our  own  Knowles  impart 
The  poet's  fancy,  and  the  actor's  art  I 

"  Here  where  kind  hearts  his  merits  prompt  to  scan 
Admir'd  the  poet  as  they  lov'd  the  man, 
Fann'd  his  first  soarings  with  their  fond  acclaim, 
Nerv'd  his  young  wing  and  cheer'd  him  forth  to  fame, 
Not  here — not  here — fair  daughters  of  the  Clyde, 
Our  plea  for  genius  shall  be  coldly  tried : — 
No  spur  needs  here  to  willing  hearts  that  yearn 
To  cast  their  stone  on  Shakspeare's  hallowed  calm ! 

"  And  O !  count  mockery  the  barren  aid 
Would  starve  the  living,  and  endow  the  dead ! 
Discreetly  generous,  be  it  yours  to  yield 
Due  meed  to  both : — from  shameful  ruin  shield 
On  Avon's  bank  that  consecrated  dome, — 
Give  Shakspeare  honour,  and  give  Knowles  a  home !  " 


APHAKA   BEHN. 

Glimpses  of  occult  history  may  not  unfre- 
quently,  like  spai'ks  from  a  flint,  be  struck  out  of 
a  neglected  petition  or  a  spurned  memorial.  The 
brief  story  of  a  life,  the  notings  of  family  or  de- 
scent, with  other  genealogical  or  biographical 
memoranda,  recorded  truthfully  no  doubt  (for  the 
writer,  being  generally  in  some  position  of  distress 
or  grievance,  would  hardly  adduce  facts  unable  to 
bear  the  severest  scrutiny,)  may  be  gathered  from 
the  few  lines  addressed  to  those  in  power  by  way 
of  petition. 

Some  are  written  evidently  by  the  elegant  quill 
of  a  professional  scribe,  with  every  embellishment 
of  penmanship,  as  though  the  prayer  would  be 
entitled  to  attention  by  the  carefulness  of  its  calli- 
graphy. Some  are  dashed  off  with  an  impatient 
and  careless  scrawl  —  a  few  are  to  be  found  bear- 
ing the  signatures  of  the  writer;  but  rarely  ever 
do  we  meet  with  any  to  which  the  date  is  attached. 
The  rationale  of  this  is  dubious.  Why  not  date  a 
petition  ?  Many,  unread,  doubtless  have  been 
tossed  among  a  heap  of  similar  documents,  and 
unnoticed  have  been  destined  to  the  fire.  Papers 
of  this  description,  if  unresponded  to  after  a  long 
period,  might  be  considered  as  too  remote  to  de- 
serve attention  ;  but  by  undating  it,  the  petition 
was  preserved  as  it  were  evergreen,  and  ready  to 
be  used  on  any  occasion  or  presented  at  any  con- 
venient season. 

Under  these  circumstances  a  clue  is  to  be  sought 
for  in  the  references  and  reports  which  are  some- 
times inscribed  upon  the  memorial  itself,  but 
oftener  to  be  found  in  an  especial  book  kept  for 
this  purpose.  I  have  met  with  a  few  of  Mrs. 
Aphara  Behn  ;  in  one  of  which  she  for  some  pur- 
pose curiously  appears  to  have  transposed  her 
baptismal  name,  and  rendered  it  Fyhare.  By 
changing  the  position  of  letters,  we  have  Afhyre, 
which  approximates  closely  to  Aphara  as  she  calls 
herself  in  petition  No.  2.  No.  3.  has  the  initial 
only,  "  Mrs.  A.  Behn."    My  inquiry  is  directed 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


to  the  transaction  herein  alluded  to,  and  the  debt 
of  150/.  From  her  biography  I  glean  nothing, 
except  that  it  would  appear  she  was  officially  em- 
ployed, in  the  reign  of  King  Charles  II.,  as  resi- 
dent female  agent  at  Antwerp  during  the  Dutch 
war  :  ladles  at  that  period  being  often  similarly 
engaged.  Can  any  of  your  contributors  throw 
light  upon  this  episode  in  her  history  ?  This  pe- 
tition was  probably  hurriedly  written  under  men- 
tal and  pecuniary  distress,  as  may  be  inferred 
from  the  transition  from  the  first  to  t^he  third 
person,  &c. :  — 

"  The  humble  peticon  of  Fyhare  Behn, 

"  Sheweth, 

"  That  after  long  waiting  on  M""  Killigrew  for  y^  loO'i 
due  to  Edward  Bultler  (for  v/'^^  I  petitioned  j-o'^  Mat'<^ 
severall  times),  and  being  at  last  ordered  to  go  to  my 
Lord  Arlington  (whom  he  said  had  order  from  vo''  Ma''^ 
to  pay  it),  his  Loi'  said  he  had  neither  monies  nor  orders, 
and  M''  Battler  being  out  of  all  patience  hath  taken  his 
revenge  in  arresting  yC  petition^. 

"  Yoi"  petic,  therefore,  most  humbly  beggs  that  yo'' 
Ma'''=  will  take  some  compassion  upon  her  condicon,  and 
not  to  lett  her  suffer  for  what  was  done  to  serve  yo''  Ma''« 
only,  and  be  gratiously  pleased  to  order  him  his  money 
that  I  may  not  perish  here. 

"  And  yo"^  pef,  &c." 

In  another  petition  she  alludes  to  Mr.  E.  But- 
ler having  come  to  town,  and  allowed  her  but  one 
week's  grace  to  pay  tjiis  loOZ.,  after  which  he  pur- 
poses to  use  all  imaginable  severity.  Trusts  the 
king  will  not  let  her  languish  in  prison,  but  will 
order  payment  of  the  money  which  Mr.  Hallsall 
and  Mr.  Killigrew  know  is  so  justly  due. 

A  third  petition  excuses  her  again  approaching 
the  king  after  two  years'  suffering.  Is  threatened 
with  an  execution  in  this  business  of  Mr.  Butler. 
Prays  an  order  for  payment  of  this  money  may  be 
made  either  to  Mr.  May  or  Mr.  Chiffinch. 

Ithubiel. 


Family  Professions.  —  I  extract  from  Burke's 
Peerage.,  Sfc.  the  following  remarkable  statement : 
James  (xraves,  Esq.,  had  two  sons,  the  younger  of 
these,  Rear  Admiral  Thomas  Graves  (1.),  had  a 
son,  Admiral  Thomas  Graves  (2.),  created  Lord 
Graves ;  the  elder  son  of  James  Graves,  Samuel, 
had  two  sons,  the  younger  one  was  Admiral 
Samuel  Graves  (3.) ;  the  elder  son,  the  Rev. 
John  Graves,  had  four  sons,  1.  Rear  Admiral 
Samuel  Graves  (4.)  ;  2.  Admiral  John  Graves 
(5.)  ;  3.  ^''ice  Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Graves,  K.B. 
(6.) ;  4.  Admiral  Richard  Graves  (7.).  And  as  a 
parallel  case,  Sir  Wm.  Rowley,  K.B.,  Admiral  of 
the  Fleet  (1.),  had  two  sons  ;  the  elder.  Rear  Ad- 
miral Sir  John  Rowley  (2.)  was  created  a  baronet ; 
his  eldest  son,  Sir  William,  had  a  son.  Rear  Ad- 
miral Sir  Joshua  Ricketts  Rowley  (3.),  3rd  Bart. 
Sir  John,  had  two  other  sons,  Vice  Admiral  Bar- 
tholomew Samuel  Rowley  (4.)  and  Admiral  Sir 


Charles  Rowley  (5,),  created  a  baronet;  three 
cousins  German  (sons  of  Clotworthy,  younger 
son^  of  Admiral  Sir  William),  were  Admiral  Sir 
Josias  Rowley  (6.)  and  Rear  Admiral  Samuel 
Canipbell  Rowley  (7.).  The  various  baronet 
families  of  Parker,  although  apparently  uncon- 
nected with  each  other,  include  no  less  than  ten 
admirals  and  a  commander  R,N.  amongst  them. 

Y.  S.  M. 

Cromtvellian  Relic.  —  On  a  fly-leaf  in  the  Amer- 
sham  register^  occurs  the  following  note,  written 
by  the  Rev.  —  Robertsh.aw,  who  was  formerly 
rector  of  Amersham  :  — 
"  Oct. 
y"'  19.  Francis  Eussell,  Auditor. 

"  This  Francis  Eussell  lived  at  y«  Hill  farm  in  y® 
Parish  of  Chalfont  St.  Giles,  and  on  y«  confines  of  this 
Parish ;  he  was  one  of  Oliver's  justices,  and  a  fit  man  for 
y^  times.  I  knew  his  son,  a  kind  of  non.  con.,  who  came 
to  poverty  and  sold  ye  farm.  General  Fleetwood  lived  at 
y"  Vache,  and  Russell  on  y«  opposite  hill ;  and  M'*  Crom- 
well, Oliver's  wife,  and  her  daughter,  at  Wood-row,  High 
House,  where  afterwards  lived  Captain  James  Thompson. 
So  the  whole  county  was  kept  in  awe,  and  became  ex- 
ceedingly zealous  and  very  fanatical,  nor  is  the  poison 
j-et  eradicated.  Buty®  w'^*'  persons  are  gone  and  y«  Hamp- 
den s  agoin. 

"C.(?)R.  1730." 
A. 

A  Poofs  Vow.  —  Many  authors  have  written 
their  personal  vows  or  aims  —  their  "  Hoc  erat  in 
votis,"  "  I've  often  wished,"  &c.  Perhaps  one  of 
the  noblest  is  that  of  Pindar.  After  describing 
the  wicked,  and  specially  the  slanderous,  he  ex- 
claims :  — 

"  Etrj  jaij  frOTt  ^oi  TOi- 

ovTOv  -ijffos,  Zev  iraTep,    'AAAa  (ceAtvfloi? 
'AirAdat?  fioas  i^arrroiixav,  Savoiv  co? 
Hoieri  kAc'os  /ht)  to  5v<T^afXoi'  irpocrd'j/u). 
Xpuo'bi'  evxovrai,  mSiov  5'  erepot 
'AirepavTOV'  iyi)  S'  acrroii  aSuiv  (cat 
X6ovt  yv'ia  KaKviraL- 

p.',  alvdiav  alvTiTO.  p-op,- 

^av  5'  im(xneCpiav  dXiTpois," 

Nem.  VIII.  59-G7. 

Francis  Trench. 

Islip  Rectory. 

Shaving  Statute. — In  a  parliament  held  at  Trim 
by  John  Talbot,  Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  then  Lord- 
Lieutenant,  anno  1447,  25  Henry  VI.,  it  was 
enacted  "  That  every  Irishman  must  keep  his 
upper  lip  shaved,  or  else  be  used  as  an  Irish 
enemy."  The  Irish  at  this  time  were  much  at- 
tached to  the  national  foppery  of  wearing  musta- 
chios,  the  fashion  then  throughout  Europe,  and  for 
more  than  two  centuries  after.  The  unfortunate 
Paddy  who  became  an  enemy  for  his  beard,  like 
an  enemy  was  treated ;  for  the  treason  could 
only  be  pardoned  by  the  surrender  of  his  land. 
Thus  two  benefits  accrued  to  the  king,  his  ene- 
mies were  diminished,  and  his  follov/ers  provided 
for ;  many  of  whose  descendants  enjoy  the  con- 
fiscated properties  to  this  day,  which  may  appro- 
priately be  designated  Hair-breadth  estates.     The 


^«  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


effects  of  this  statute  became  so  alarming,  that  the 
people  submitted  to  the  English  revolutionary 
razor,  and  found  it  more  convenient  to  resign 
their  beards  than  their  lands.  This  Agrarian  law 
was  repealed  by  11  Charles  I.,  after  existing  two 
hundred  years.  J.  Y. 

Mauve.  —  Although,  if  we  may  believe  the  au- 
thor of  "  Perkin's  Purple,"  in  All  the  Yea?'  Round 
for  September  10th,  we  are  not  quite  correct  in 
describing  the  fashionable  colour  as  mauve,  yet  it 
may  be  interesting  to  some  of  the  fair  wearers  to 
know  that  they  have  beeo  anticipated  by  about 
•2000  years.  We  read,  in  the  Aulularia  of  Plau- 
tus*,  V.  468.,  ed.  Hildyard,  iii.  5.  40.,  ed.  Weise, 
respecting  the  expenses  attendant  on  being  mar- 
ried, "  Solearii  adstant,  adstant  molochinarii" 
dyers  of  the  colour  of  mallow,  on  which  passage 
Hildyard  quotes  from  Par.  Lex.  Plant. :  "  Qui 
colorera  tingunt  ad  purpuram  inclinantem,  qualis 
in  malvccfiore  spectatur,"       P.  J.  F.  Gantillon. 

Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  her  Secretary. — In  the 
Globe  of  Sept.  15,  1859,  under  the  French  news, 
we  read :  — 

"  III  the  churchyard  of  Hulpe,  a  village  near  Brussels, 
an  obscure  tomb  is  found  to  bear  this  inscription:  'Cy 
gist  S''  Charles  Bailley,  secretaire  delay  Royne  d'Ecosse, 
decapitee  pour  lay  foy  Catholiq.  qui  trepassa  27  X'  age 
de  84  ans.'  Among  the  numerous  biographers  of  Mary 
Stuart  none  seem  to  have  cognisance  of  this  secretary." 

If  the  Scottish  queen's  biographers  have  omit- 
ted mention  of  the  octogenarian  interred  as  above, 
the  Calendar  of  State  Papers  (Scotland)  might 
have  been  successfully  consulted  to  identify  the 
individual :  for  one  of  its  documents  records  a 
Charles  Bailly,  a  papist  who  lived  with  the  Queen 
of  Scots  when  her  husband  was  murdered,  and 
who  was  also  a  prisoner  in  the  Tower  of  London. 
One  paper  mentions  his  being  in  the  Marshalsea, 
while  another  designates  him  as  a  Queen  of  Scots' 
man,  a  dangerous  fellow,  a  minister  to  and 
concerned  in  the  ill-doings  of  the  Bishop  of  Ross, 
&c.,  &c.  Cl.  HoprER. 


HAMLET    QUERIES. 

You  would  extremely  oblige  me  if  you  could 
procure  the  answers  to  the  following  questions. 
They  were  sent  to  me  from  the  Regisseur  of  the 
Royal  Theatre  at  Berlin,  who  is  very  anxious  to 
have  them  answered  as  correctly  as  possible.  I 
have  been  informed  that  the  best  plan  for  that 
purpose  is  to  address  myself  to  you ;  therefore, 
you  will  forgive  the  trouble  which  I  give  you. 

1.  Is  the  tale  —  "The  rugged  Pyrrhus  —  he 
whose  sable  arms" — invented  by  Shakspeare  ?  If 
not,  by  whom  ? 

'  Born  B.C.  258. 


2.  Does  there  exist  a  piece,  "The  Murder  of 
Gonzago,"  of  which  Hamlet  said  — 

"  The  story  is  extant,  and  written  in  very  choice 
Italian." 

Who  is  the  author  ? 

3.  Suppose  the  piece  does  exist,  it  is  Italian,  as 
is  proved  by  the  names  of  Gonzago  and  Baptista ; 
nevertheless  we  find  :  — 

"  This  play  is  the  image  of  a  murder  done  in  Vienna." 

4.  "  Gonzago  is  the  Duke's  name,"  says  Ham- 
let, and  yet  we  read,  *'  the  player  King."  How  is 
that? 

5.  "  This  one  Luvianus,  nephew  to  the  King." 
Why  nephew,  Claudius  being  the  brother  of  the 
murdered  King  ? 

6.  The  following  words  of  Hamlet : 

"  The  croaking  raven  doth  bellow  for  revenge." 
Where  are  they  taken  from  ? 

7.  Hamlet  says  to  the  player  : 

"  You  could  for  a  need  study  a  speech  of  some  dozen 
or  sixteen  lines,  which  I  would  set  down  and  insert? 
Could  you  not  ?  " 

Which  are  these  inserted  lines  ? 

8.  In  Germany,  Hamlet  directs  his  advice  — 
"Speak  the  speech,  I  pray  you,"  &c.  —  to  that 
actor  who  has  already  recited  "  The  rugged  Pyr- 
rhus," and  has  it  done  so  well  that  Hamlet  says  of 
him,  "  A  broken  voice,  and  his  whole  function." 
Why  then  that  advice  to  such  an  excellent  actor  ? 
Or  does  he  perhaps  direct  his  advice  to  some 
other  player  ? 

9.  Is  the  dumb  show  acted  in  England,  and  by 
the  same  actors  who  perform  "  The  Murder  of 
Gonzago,"  or  by  others  ? 

10.  Is  "The  Murder  of  Gonzago"  acted  in  the 
same  costume  as  that  of  Hamlet  ?  or  in  what  kind? 

J.  Ehronbaum,  Dr. 
Royal  Military  College,  Famborough,  Hants. 


Metcalfof  Searby,  County  of  Lincoln. — Stephen 
Metcalf,  son  of  the  Rev.  Stephen  Metcalf,  vicar 
of  Searby,  near  Brigg,  county  of  Lincoln,  married 
Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Nicholas  Bayly, 
Bart.,  and  sister  of  Henry  Bayly-Paget,  created 
Earl  of  Uxbridge  in  1784.  Is  anything  known 
of  the  Metcalf  family  beyond  the  particulars  above 
stated  ?  T.  R, 

Lucky  Stones.  —  The  sea-beacb  near  my  resi- 
dence is  noted  for  its  abundance  of  "  lucky 
stones,"  that  is,  pieces  of  gravel  or  flint  stone 
with  holes  through.  Some  coasts  are,  as  I  am 
informed,  entirely  (or  nearly  so)  destitute  of 
them.  Will  anyone  tell  me  what  is  the  cause  of 
their  configuration,  and  of  their  greater  or  less 
rarity  in  different  localities  ?  Dubius. 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  s.  VIII.  Oct.  1,  '69. 


Danish  Forts  in  Ireland.  —  In  the  Sale  Cata- 
logue of  Mr.  Bradish's  library  (Dublin,  1829),  of 
which  I  have  a  copy  with  the  prices  and  pur- 
chasers' names,  there  appears  the  following  item 
amongst  the  MSS.  p.  51. :  — 

«  A  Conversation,  or  Colloquy  upon  the  Danish  Forts 
in  Ireland,  and  various  other  Curiosities.  This  MS.  ap- 
pears extremely  antique,  and  bears  the  autograph  of 
Arthur  Chichester." 

It  was  purchased  by  "Mullen"  for  twelve 
guineas.  Can  anyone  tell  me  where  it  is  now 
deposited  ?  Abhba. 

Louis  the  Fifteenth. — In  the  report  of  the  curious 
trial  for  forgery  of  Mr.  Humphreys  or  Alexander, 
the  pretender  to  the  title  of  Earl  of  Stirling  on 
29th  April,  1839,  which  resulted  in  his  conviction, 
at  p.  xciii.  of  Appendix  to  Introduction  occurs 
the  following  passage  :  — 

"  Louis  XV„  a  prince  who  is  believed  to  have  written 
only  two  words  in  his  reign, — his  own  name  '  Louis  R.,' 
and  the  word  '  Bon '  as  an  approval  of  any  document  sub- 
mitted to  him.  His  disapproval  was  marked  by  a  line 
deleting  the  proposal,  to  save  the  fatigue  of  further  pen- 
manship, which  indeed  he  so  carefully  eschewed  that  even 
his  notes  to  his  mistresses  were  written  by  a  secretary." 

What  foundation  is  there  for  such  a  strange 
account  ?  Y.  S.  M. 

Finshury  Jail. — In  the  Diary  of  William  White- 
way  of  Dorchester,  1618-34,  Egerton  MS.  784., 
mention  Is  made  of  the  following  incident :  — 

"  May,  1621 :  Sir  Francis  Mitchell,  being  one  of  Sir 
Giles  Mompesson's  cousins,  was  sent  unto  Finsbury  Jail, 
a  place  made  by  him  for  rogufis,  and  made  to  ride  on  a 
lean  jade  backwards  through  London,  holding  the  tail  in 
his  hand,  and  having  a  paper  upon  his  forehead,  whereon 
was  written  his  offence." 

Taylor  the  Water- Poet,  in  The  Praise  and  Ver- 
tue  of  a  Jayle  and  Jaylers,  1630,  also  notices  it :  — 

"  Lord  Wen tworth's  jayle  within  White  Chappell  stands. 
And  Finsbury,  God  blesse  me  from  their  hands ! " 

Can  any  one  spot  the  precise  locality  of  Fins- 
bury Jail  ?  J.  Y. 

Sir  Francis  Drake,  his  Portrait,  ^c.  —  A  con- 
temporary pamphlet  in  MS.,  entitled  An  Answer  to 
a  Pamphlet  slandering  Queen  Elizabeth,  takes  note 
that  the  Duke  of  Florence  placed  the  portrait  of 
Sir  Francis  Drake  "  in  his  gallei-y  amongst  the 
princes  of  that  tyme."  It  tells  us  moreover,  very 
gravely,  that  his  very  name  was  a  byword,  and 
employed  as  a  bogie  to  terrify  ill-humoured  chil- 
dren, —  that  "  hee  did  so  beestirre  hym  as  he 
frighted  many  Jn  his  passages  on  the  sea-coast. 
Insomuch  as  ihe  women,  when  theire  children 
cryed,  to  still  them  they  wold  say :  '  Howld  yo' 
peace,  Drake  comes.'  "  It  relates  farther  that  the 
queen  knighted  him  with  the  sword  of  the  French 
Ambassador.  Is  the  portrait  above  alluded  to 
known  to  be  at  present  in  existence  ? 

Abbacasabba. 


Cither's  ^^ Apology.'"  —  Would  some  gentleman, 
well  up  in  Fielding,  and  especially  In  Tom  Jones, 
oblige  me  by  mentioning  the  exact  terms  used  to 
describe  Colley  Cibber's  Apology,  —  a  saying  that 
he  had  lived  the  life  he  did  to  be  able  to  write  such 
a  book  ?  F.  S. 

Scire  Facias  Club.  —  A  friend  has  given  me 
the  following,  copied,  he  says,  from  the  original 
in  the  chtirchyard  of  Dunboyne,  co.  Meath  :  — 

"  This  monument  was  erected  by  the  members  of  the 
Scire  Facias  Club  to  the  memory  of  John  Hamilton, 

Esq.,  of  Ballinacoll  in  this  parish,  who  died  on  the 

daj'  of  August,  1784." 

I  have  tried,  but  hitherto  in  vain,  to  trace  the 
origin  and  history  of  this  attorneys'  club,  farther 
than  that  it  eventually  merged  in  the  Law  Club 
of  Ireland.  A  society  with  so  singular  a  name 
ought,  I  think,  to  have  some  records  of  its  exist- 
ence, even  though,  as  I  have  heard,  it  was  a 
convivial  club.  Y.  S.  M. 

Detached  Chapels  :  Beckefs  Crown. — A  rumour 
has  gone  forth  that  the  Dean  and  Chapter  pur- 
pose to  take  In  hand  the  long-delayed  restoration 
of  the  east  end  of  Canterbury  Cathedral,  popu- 
larly known  as  "Becket's  Crown."  It  would 
interest  me  under  these  circumstances  (and  might 
prove  useful  also)  If  any  of  your  architectural 
correspondents  could  recall  any  similar  examples 
of  a  semi-detached  chapel  at  the  east  end,  particu- 
larly If  they  could  specify  the  nature  of  the  roof 
in  such  cases,  and  the  method  of  juncture  with 
the  main  building,  whether  by  flying  buttresses 
or  otherwise.  The  only  analogous  eastern  ending 
I  am  acquainted  with  is  that  of  the  Marienklrche 
at  Lubec.  Fagus. 

Sir  Robert  le  Grys.  —  Could  any  of  your  kind 
correspondents  give  me  any  Information  about 
"Sir  Robert  le  Grys,  Knight?"  He  "  rendred 
English,"  in  two  bookes,  Velleius  Paterculus  his 
Romane  Historie,  12mo.,  1632.     Also, 

"  John  Barclas'  his  Argenis,  translated  out  of  Latine 
into  English,  the  Prose  upon  his  Majesties  command  by 
Sir  Robert  le  Grys,  Knight,  and  the  Verses  by  Thomas 
May,  Esquire,  &c.    4to.     1654." 

Belater-Adime. 

Manuscript  Verse  Translation  of  De  Guileville's 
"  Pilgrimage." — Mr.  Gillies,  an  advocate,  who  re- 
sided at  Brechin  some  years  ago,  was  In  posses- 
sion of  a  valuable  library,  in  which  it  Is  said  that 
there  was  a  MS.  verse  translation  of  De  Guile- 
ville's  Pilgrimage  of  Man,  supposed  to  have  been 
the  identical  one  which  Bunyan  had  with  him  In 
prison.  Can  any  of  your  readers  give  any  in- 
formation as  to  what  became  of  this  MS.  ?  as  his 
library  was  sold,  and  probably  dispersed.     Anon. 

Sir  John  Franklin.  —  We  have  now  learnt  that 
Sir  John  Franklin  died  in  1847.     I  remember  to 


2«*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


269 


have  seen,  about  the  year  1848-49,  an  account 
which  appeared  in  various  Indian  newspapers  of  a 
clairvoyante,  a  little  girl  of  European  parentage, 
but  who  had  never  been  out  of  Calcutta.  She 
was  represented  as  saying  that  Sir  John  was  dead ; 
but  as  she  gave  various  details  regarding  the  ship 
and  crew,  it  would  be  interesting  to  compare  it 
with  Capt.  M'^Clintock's  statement,  could  any 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  lay  his  hands  upon  this  nar- 
rative. SiBKAR  Ka  NaKUK. 

''The  Tale  of  a  Tub." —  It  is  assumed  by  the 
biographers  —  by  Scott  and  Mason  certainly  — 
that  Thos.  Swift  set  up  pretensions  to  be  one  of 
the  authors,  if  not  the  principal  author,  of  this 
work ;  and  that  he,  Thos.,  was  the  author  of  the 
"  Complete  Key"  to  it,  and  therefore  responsible 
for  what  appears  therein.  It  is  certainly  stated 
in  the  "Key"  that  The  Tale  was  written  by  "a 
couple  of  young  clergymen,"  "  generally  (and  not 
without  sufficient  reason)  said  to  be  Dr.  Jonathan 
and  Thomas  Swift."  From  a  subsequent  state- 
ment we  must  infer  that  the  first  part  of  The 
Tale  was  written  solely  by  Thomas,  who  is  spoken 
of  as  "  the  author;"  and  the  writer  of"  The  Key" 
says  that  "  when  he  had  not  yet  gone  half  way," 
his  companion.  Dr.  Jonathan,  "carried  it  with 
him  to  Ireland,  and  having  kept  it  seven  years, 
at  last  published  it  imperfect,  for  indeed  he  was 
not  able  to  carry  it  on  after  the  intended  method ; 
because  divinity  (tho'  it  chanc'd  to  be  his  profes- 
sion) had  been  the  least  of  his  study."  This  is 
follovved  by  some  details  as  to  the  "digressions" 
contributed  by  Jonathan. 

This  "  Key"  was  published  by  Curll,  1710  ;  not 
the  very  best  of  authorities,  and  even  thus  early 
in  personal  antagonism  to  Jonathan.  What  is  the 
authority  for  attributing  "The  Key"  to  Thos. 
Swift  ?  All  I  find  referred  to  is  Swift's  letter  to 
Tooke,  wherein  Swift  speaks  of  "The  Key"  as 
perfect  Grub  Street,  which  will  be  forgotten  in  a 
week  ;  and  he  thus  concludes  : 

"  I  cannot  but  think  that  little  parson-cousin  of  mine 
[Thomas]  is  at  the  bottom  of  this ;  for  having  lent  him 
a  copy  of  some  part  *  *  he  affected  to  talk  suspiciously, 
as  if  he  had  some  share  in  it." 

Swift,  I  think,  means  merely  that  the  foolish 
talk  of  Thomas  had  suggested  the  idea  of  joint- 
authorship  to  the  Grub  Street  bookseller  —  not 
that  Thomas  wrote  "  The  Key."  T.  T.  T. 

Dean  Swift.  — Was  there  any  relationship  be- 
tween the  Swifts  —  through  Godwin  Swift,  or 
his  sons  or  daughters  —  and  Colledge  "the  Pro- 
testant joiner,"  who  was  hanged.  Jonathan  was 
very  early  intimate  with  Mrs.  Goodwin,  Colledge's 
daughter,  who,  soon  after  the  revolution,  had 
some  appointment  about  the  Court,  with  apart- 
ments at  Whitehall.  Swift  makes  honourable 
mention  of  her ;  and  in  his  Journal,  May  17, 
1711,  he  says:  "This  noble  person  and  I  were 


brought  acquainted,  some  years  ago^  by  Lady 
Berkeley."  This  carries  us  back  to  the  time  when 
Lord  Berkeley  was  one  of  the  Lords  Justices  of 
Ireland,  and  Swift  was  his  chaplain  and  secretary, 
and  leads  me  to  infer  that  the  introduction  may 
have  taken  place  in  Dublin.  Is  there  any  evi- 
dence that  the  Loudon  joiner's  daughter  was  in 
Dublin  ? 

Luttrell  twice  makes  mention  of  Mrs.  Goodwin, 
and  calls  her  sister  to  Colledge.  I  presume  this 
is  a  mistake,  as  it  is  not  likely  that  Colledge  had 
both  a  sister  and  daughter  of  that  name. 

July,  1682.  "  Mrs.  Goodwin,  sister  to  Stephen  Colledge, 
lately  executed  for  treason,  is  committed  to  Newgate,  on 
the  information  of  her  own  husband,  for  treason," 

4th  Sept.  1682.  "  Mrs.  Sarah  Goodwin,  sister  to  Stephen 
Colledge,  was  tried  for  high  treason,  on  the  testimony  of 
her  husband,  for  treasonable  words  spoken;  but  there 
being  no  other  evidence  against  her,  she  was  discharged." 

D.  E.  S. 

Minshew  and  early  English  Dictionaries.  —  Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  give  me  information 
of  the  author  of  The  Guide  into  Tongues, — "  John 
Minshew?"  A  copy  of  the  2nd  edition  is  in  my 
possession,  dated  22nd  July,  1625.  Also,  whether 
there  exists  any  list  of  Dictionaries  of  the  English 
language  published  previous  to  the  1st  edition  of 
Johnson  ?  G.  D.  Y. 

John  Baynes. — In  the  month  of  December, 
1779,  a  great  reform  meeting  was  held  at  York,  at 
which  meeting  one  John  Baynes,  a  young  barris- 
ter, made  a  speech  which  made  a  great  sensation 
at  the  time.  A  copy  of  this  speech  is  wanted  by 
a  member  of  his  (John  Baynes)  family,  and  also 
any  particulars  of  the  said  John  Baynes,  who  was 
an  intimate  friend  of  Sir  Samuel  Romilly.* 

This  gentleman  also  composed  various  scraps  of 
poetry  for  the  London  Courant,  a  paper  published 
prior  to  the  year  1787.  The  poems  came  out 
under  feigned  and  various  names.  A  clue  is 
wanted  to  these  names,  and  also  any  of  the  poems, 
if  they  are  to  be  had.  W.  H.  N". 

Nautical  Heraldry.  —  On  the  gravestone  of  a 
merchant  of  the  sea-coast  town  of  Bridlington, 
Yorkshire  (who  died  about  two  hundred  years 
since),  besides  his  own  family  arms,  are  carved 
the  following,  viz.  on  a  shield,  an  anchor  entwined 
with  a  cable.  Crest.  Upon  helmet  and  wreath  a 
single-masted  vessel,  without  sails;  supporters, 
two  mermaids.  Motto.  "  Deus  dabit  vela."  I 
imagine  these  to  have  been  the  insignia  of  some 
guild  or  company  of  which  the  deceased  may  have 
been  a  member,  but  I  have  not  been  able  as  yet 
to  discover  one.  I  shall  be  obliged  if  any  reader 
of  "N.  &  Q."  can  inform  me  upon  the  point. 
The  device  on  the  shield  is  similar  to  that  used  by 
the  Admiralty  on  seals,  &c.  C.  J. 


[•  An  interesting  a<pount  of  John  Baynes  is  given  in 
the  Gent.  Mag.  for  August,  1787,  p.  742. ;  and  his  epitaph 
by  Dr.  Parr  in  Dec.  1805,  p.  1141.  — Ed.] 


270 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2»<'  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


Bocardo.  —  Over  and  above  standing  for  a  cer- 
tain mood  of  syllogism,  this  word  was  used  in  the 
seventeenth   century  as  a   cant  name   for   some  , 
prison.    What  prison,  and  why  ?     All  I  can  make  ' 
out  is,  that  it  was  not  the  King's  Bench. 

A.  De  Morgan. 

[Nares,  in  his  Glossary,  edit.  1857,  informs  us  that  the 
"  Bocardo  is  the  old  north  gate  of  Oxford,  taken  down 
in  1771.  There  is  a  good  view  of  it  in  the  first  number  of 
Oxonia  Antiqua  Restaurata.  Whether  it  was  originally 
so  named,  from  some  jocular  allusion  to  the  Aristotelian 
syllogism  in  Bocardo,  I  have  not  discovered.  It  was  used 
as  a  prison ;  and  hence  the  name  was  sometimes  made  a 
general  term  for  a  prison.  '  Was  not  this  [Achab]  a 
seditious  fellow?  — Was  he  not  worthy  to  be  cast  in  bo- 
cardo or  little-ease?'  — Latimer,  Serm.',  fol.  105.  C.  Bo- 
cardo was  the  last  prison  of  that  good  man  himself, 
before  his  shameful  murder ;  to  himself  a  glorious  mar- 
tvrdom,  Its  downfal  was  celebrated  by  Oxford  wits, 
both  in  Latin  and  English.  One  says,  — 
'  Num  jam 
Antiqui  muri  venerabilis  umbra  bocardo 
Visitur  Oxonii  ?     Salve  hand  ignobile  nomen ! ' 

Dialogtts  in  Theatr.,  1773. 
The  other,  — 

•  Rare  tidings  for  the  wretch  whose  ling'ring  score 
Remains  unpaid,  bocardo  is  no  more.' 

Newsman's  Verses,  1772,  by  Warton. 
Socardo,  as  a  logical  term,  for  a  particular  kind  of  syllo- 
gism, occurs  in  Prior's  Alma,  canto  3.  •  There  are  many 
in  London  now  adaies  that  are  besotted  with  this  sinne, 
one  of  whom  I  saw  on  a  white  horse  in  Fleet  street,  a 
tanner  knave  I  never  lookt  on,  who  with  one  figure  (cast 
out  of  a  scholler's  studie  for  a  necessary  servant  at  bo- 
cardo) promised  to  find  any  man's  oxen  were  they  lost, 
restore  any  man's  goods  if  they  were  stolne,  and  win  any 
man  love,"  where  or  howsoever  he  settled  it.'  —  Lodge's 
Incarnate  Devils,  1596."] 

Pensionarg.  —  Can  you  enlighten  me  as  to  the 
meaning  of  "Pensionary  "  applied  to  De  Witt  and 
certain  other  statesmen  of  Holland.  Fagus. 

[A  pensionarj-  is  one  who  receives  a  pension  from  go- 
vernment for  past  services,  or  a  yearly  allowance  from 
some  prince,  companj',  or  individual.  Grand  Pensionary 
is  an  appellation  formerly  given  to  the  chief  magistrate 
of  the  republic  of  Holland,  who  was  a  member  of  the 
Seven  United  Provinces  of  the  Netherlands.  The  Pen- 
sionary was  the  president  of  the  council  of  the  states  or 
legislature  of  Holland,  and  he  was  for  the  time  the  first 
minister  of  the  republic.  He  was  elected  for  five  years, 
but  was  generally  confirmed  indefiniteh-,  and  often  for 
life.  Pensionary  was  also  a  name  given  to  the  first  minis- 
ter of  the  regencj'  of  any  city  in  Holland.] 

Itev.  Joseph  Grigg.  —  Any  information  con- 
cerning the  Rev.  Joseph  Grigg  of  St.  Albans 
(author  of  some  few  hymns),  who  died  at  Wal- 
thamstow,  Oct.  29,  1768,  would  be  acceptable; 
also  the  date  of  his  small  book  of  hymns,  which 
was  printed  several  years  after  his  death.     Z.  (1.) 

[Joseph  Grigg  was  assistant  minister  to  Mr.  Bures  of 
Silver  Street,  London ;  but  upon  the  death  of  the  latter, 
Mr.  Grigg  retired  from  this  serv^.  He  married  a  lady 
possessed  of  considerable  property,  the  widow  of  Colonel 
Drew.     He  died  at  Walthamstow,  Oct.  29,  1768.     He 


published  nineteen  hj'mns  in  a  12mo.  volume,  entitled 
Hymns,  bj'  the  late  Rev.  Joseph  Grigg,   Stourbridge. 
Amongst  these  is  that  well-known  hymn,  — • 
"  Jesus !  and  shall  it  ever  be," 

which  has  been  ascribed  to  so  many  different  persons. — 
Gadsby's  Memoirs  of  Hymn  Writers  and  Compilers,  p.  63.] 

Wcdpurgis.  —  What  is  the  exact  meaning  and 
derivation  of  this  word  ?  The  dictionaries  simply 
say  "  the  1st  of  May."  Philologicus. 

[Although  Feb.  25.  stands  in  Butler  as  the  day  of  St. 
Walburge,  a  considerable  portion  of  her  relics  was  in- 
shrined  at  Fumes  Maj'  1st,  whence  the  name  Walpurgis 
has  become  connected  with  the  latter  day,  not  with  the 
former.  Indeed  her  chief  festival  is  placed  in  the  Belgic 
Martyrology  on  May  1.  (Butler.)  Respecting  the  deri- 
vation of  the  name  itself  (Walburge,  Walpurga,  Vau- 
bourg,  &c.),  Butler  states  that  the  "  English  Saxon  name 
Walburge  is  the  same  with  the  Greek  Eucharia,  and  sig- 
nifies gracious."  St.  Walburge  was  undeniably  of  English 
origin ;  but  we  find  what  some  will  probably  consider  a 
more  likely  derivation  of  her  name  (probably  assumed 
when  she  entered  the  monastery  of  Winbourn,  or  when 
she  took  the  veil),  in  the  Italian  name  Valpurga.  Al- 
though Walpurgis-night  (Walpurgisnacht)  is  generally 
believed  in  Germany  to  be  the  night  of  a  great  muster  of 
German  Avitches,  it  does  not  appear  that  the  term  Wal- 
purgis has  any  connexion  with  this  gathering,  beyond 
the  fact  that  the  night  itself  happens  to  be  that  which 
precedes  the  1st  of  May,  on  which,  as  we  have  seen,  the 
festival  of  St.  Walpurgis  is  held.  In  like  manner  "  Hal- 
loween "  was  supposed  in  Scotland  to  be  a  night  when 
witches,  &c.  are  all  rambling  abroad,  so  that  there  was 
no  such  night  in  the  year  for  intercourse  with  them ;  and 
to  "  baud  Halloween  "  was  to  observe  the  rites  supersti- 
tiously  or  sportively  connected  with  that  evening.  But 
the  term  Halloween  itself  had  originally  no  necessary 
connexion  with  these  notions  or  observances,  being 
simpl}',  in  its  proper  signification,  the  evening  preceding 
All  Hallows,  or  All  Saints  Day.  So  Walpurgis-night, 
on  which  witches  assemble,  is'simply  the  eve  of  St.  Wal- 
purgis, the  night  between  May  1.  and  April  80 ;  and  the 
reason  for  the  assembling  of  witches  at  that  particular 
time  is  said  to  be  just  this,  that  May  1.  was  formerly  the 
first  daj'  of  the  j'ear.  Adelung,  W'drterbuch,  on  Wal- 
purgis.] 

'■'^  Beaver." — The  brickmakers  near  London,  and 
perhaps  elsewhere,  call  their  three  o'clock  meal 
their  "  beaver."     What  does  the  word  mean  ? 

R.  H.  A.  B. 

[Beaver,  Bever,  or  Beverage  (Ital.  bevere;  old 
French,  beivre),  is  a  name  given  to  the  afternoon  colla- 
tion, or  any  refreshment  taken  between  the  regular 
meals,  as  noticed  in  the  following  examples :  — 

"  Drinking  between  dinner  and  supper,  called  beaver. 
Antccanum." — Huloet. 

"Betimes  in  the  morning  they  break  their  fast;  at 
noon  they  dine;  when  the  day  is  far  spent  they  take 
their  beaver;  late  at  night  they  sup."— Gate  of  Lan- 
guages, 1568. 

"  He  is  none  of  those  same  ordinary  eaters  that  will 
devour  three  breakfasts,  and  as  many  dinners,  without 
any  prejudice  to  their  bevers,  drinkings,  or  suppers."  — 
Beaumont  and  Fletcher,  TToman  Hater,  i.  3.] 

Go/ton,  of  Fockwell,  Surrey.  —  I  would  feel 
greatly  obliged  to  any  of  your  correspondents 
who  would  kindly  give  me  any  information  of  the 


2»*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


271 


family  of  John  Gofton,  of  Fockwell,  Surrey.  In 
the  Armorica  Binlannica,  he  is  set  down  as  having 
the  following  coat  of  arms :  —  "  Crest ;  Rose  d'or, 
winged  azure.  Shield ;  1st  and  4th.  On  shield 
azure  a  unicorn's  head  erased  ducally,  gorged 
and  crowned.  2.  and  3.  Ermine."  Also,  by  the 
information  whether  Fockwell  is  a  town,  village, 
or  estate,  and  if  so,  where  situated  in  Surrey. 

E.  Barrett. 

[Fockwell  seems  to  be  a  misprint  for  Stockwell,  or 
South  Lambetli,  in  Surrey.  In  Leigh's  chapel  in  Lam- 
beth church  is  the  following  inscription  on  a  white 
marble:  "Here  lyeth  the  bodj'  of  John  Goffton,  Esq., 
3'ounger  son  unto  Sir  Francis  Goffton  of  Stockwell,  who, 
with  his  ladj',  w^ere  bur^'ed  in  a  vault  in  this  angle, 
■which  does  belong  unto  that  Manner  House.  His  elder 
brother  Francis  died  in  Frans  1642;  and  he  [John?] 
departed  this  life  the  ninth  day  of  May,  being  in  the 
yere  of  our  Lord  1686,  in  the  71st  j'ere  of  his  age.  Be- 
neath, quarterly,  1  and  4,  a  unicorn's  head  erased ;  2  and 
3  ermine,  and  this  motto,  Feretido  et  sperando." —  Vide 
Manning  &  Bray's  Surrey,  iii.  608.] 

Vigors.  —  In  Martha  W.  Freer's  Life  of  Eliza- 
leth  de  Valois,  Queen  of  Spain,  at  p.  371.  vol.  ii., 
appears  the  following  passages  :  — 

"  On  the  25th  of  October,  1568,  a  service  was  performed 
in  Notre  Dame  in  Paris  for  the  repose  of  the  soul  of  the 

Queen  of  Spain The  service  was  performed  by 

the  Archbishop  of  Sens,  and  the  funeral  sermon  was 
preached  by  Simon  Vigors,  Archbishop  of  Narbonne 
elect." 

I  shall  be  very  glad  to  obtain  some  information 
relative  to  this  Simon  Vigors.  Y.  S.  M. 

[A  biographical  account  of  Abp.  Simon  "Vigor  (not 
Vigors)  will  be  found  in  the  Biographie  Ufiiverselle,  tome 
xlviii.  483.] 

The  Apreece  Family.  —  Living  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Washingley  Hall,  Hunts,  formerly 
the  residence  of  the  Apreeces,  I  naturally  take 
some  interest  in  their  family.  I  am  told  that  the 
last  of  the  Apreeces  figures  in  one  of  Foote's 
comedies.  "  Becky,"  says  this  character,  "where's 
my  pedigree  ?" 

I  should  feel  obliged  by  a  reference  to  the 
comedy  wherein  this  occurs.        Cuthbert  Bede. 

[In  The  Author,  about  the  middle  of  the  Second  Act. 
The  pedigree  of  Apreece,  or  Ap  Rees,  of  North  Crawlej', 
Bucks,  will  be  found  in  the  Visitations  of  Bucks,  made  in 
the  years  1575  and  1634,  Harl.  MS.  1533.  See  also  Cole's 
MSS.,  vol.  xxxviii.  129.] 


THE   EARLY   EDITIONS    OF   TOXe's    BOOK   OP 
MARTYRS. 

(2"'^  S.  viii.  221.) 

Mr.  Nichols  will  be  rendering  a  great  service 
to  English  bibliography  by  following  up  the  task 
which  he  has  proposed  for  himself,  and  which  he 
Las  so  well  begun.     The  early  history  of  Foxe's 


Book  of  Martyrs  is  full  of  interest,  but  little 
known  ;  and  although  of  late  some  light  has  been 
thrown  on  it,  much  still  remains  to  be  done.  In 
noticing  this  work,  Dr.  Dibdin  says  in  his  Library 
Companion :  — 

"  The  private  history  of  this  elaborate  work  might  be 
worth  knowing,  but  it  is  hopeless  to  enquire  after  it :  — 
who  were  the  author's  chief  authorities,  and  what  artists 
he  obtained  to  make  the  designs  and  engravings,  are, 
now,  I  believe,  points  upon  which  no  correct  information 
is  likely  to  be  obtained." 

Let  us  hope  that  the  case  is  not  altogether  so 
desperate  as  the  worthy  doctor  seems  to  have 
feared. 

Mr.  Nichols  will  permit  me  to  point  out  to 
him  that  he  is  mistaken  in  supposing  that  there  is 
no  copy  of  any  of  the  early  editions  in  Mr.  Gren- 
ville's  collection,  now  in  the  British  Museum. 
That  collection  does  in  fact  contain  the  editions 
of  1563  and  1641 ;  the  former,  I  believe,  slightly 
imperfect  in  the  Calendar,  but  made  up  in  fac- 
simile by  Harris ;  the  latter  a  fine  copy  on  large 
paper. 

All  the  copies  of  early  editions  enumerated  by 
Mr.  Nichols  are  in  public  libraries.  There  must 
be  some  in  private  collections.  I  myself  possess 
a  perfect  copy  of  the  first  edition,  made  up  of 
two  imperfect  copies,  each  of  which,  by  a  piece  of 
rare  good  fortune,  happened  to  have  what  was 
wanting  in  the  other. 

It  is  commonly  asserted,  and  believed,  that  in 
the  reign  of  Elizabeth  the  Book  of  Martyrs  was 
ordered  to  be  set  up  in  all  churches.  This  is 
doubted  by  Mr.  Nichols,  but  what  says  Dibdin  ? 

"  To  the  best  of  my  recollection,  one  of  the  completest 
specimens  of  a  mutilated  Fox  is  (or  was)  to  be  seen  in 
the  little  parish  church  near  Apethorpe  (the  seat  of  the 
Earl  of  Westmorland),  in  Northamptonshire.  In  some 
other  rural  parish  churches  1  have  met  with  Fox,  in  an 
old  vestiy  trunk  of  some  three  centuries  ago  manufac- 
ture, almost  in  a  state  of  pulverisation  from  the  united 
attacks  of  mice  and  moths." — Lib.  Com.  1825,  p.  113.  note. 

It  may  be  objected,  hov/ever,  that  this  does  not 
prove  that  every  parish  church  had  a  copy  of  the 
work.  Henry  Huth. 


Your  correspondent,  John  Gough  Nichols, 
asks,  "  Where  do  any  copies  of  the  old  editions  " 
of  the  Acts  and  Monuments  "  exist  ?  "  and  adds, 
that  he  had  "  been  successful  in  finding  very 
few."  As  to  the  fifth  edition  of  1596—7,  he 
mentions  only  one  copy,  which  he  says  is  in  the 
British  Museum ;  and  the  second  volume  of  the 
same  edition,  as  the  only  one  in  the  archiepis- 
copal  library  at  Lambeth.  In  reply  to  his  in- 
quiry, I  beg  to  say  that  I  have  a  copy  of  this 
edition,  "  the  fift  time  newly  reprinted."  It  came 
into  my  hands  about  sixty  years  ago,  from  a  shop- 
keeper who  bought  it  as  waste  paper.  Many 
copies  of  valuable  old  works  have  disappeared  in 
this  way,   having  been  torn  up  for  wrappers  of 


272 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '69. 


shop  articles.  A  fevr  years  ago  I  picked  up,  in  a 
street  of  this  town,  a  fragment  of  Coverdale's 
Bible,  being  part  of  the  first  chapter  of  "  Wis- 
dome,"  with  the  ornamental  initial  letter.  It 
had  been  used  to  wrap  up  some  butter. 

My  copy  of  Foxe's  Martyrs  was  in  one  volume, 
in  its  original  binding ;  but,  being  somewhat  out 
of  condition,  it  was  rebound  in  two  vols.,  rough 
calf.  I  think  it  is  perfect,  except  that  it  wants 
the  last  leaf  of  the  "  Table  of  Contents  "  at  the 
end.  It  has  the  two  title-pages,  and  all  the 
woodcuts,  including  the  curious  folding  print,  on 
a  separate  sheet  of  paper,  entitled  "  The  Descrip- 
tion of  Windsore  Castle,"  and  showing  the  burn- 
ing of  Person,  Testwood,  and  Filmer  under  the 
Castle  ;  with  (in  a  separate  compartment,  amongst 
others)  of  Ockham  in  the  pillory  at  Newbury. 
This  print  is  inserted  between  pp.  1112 — 13., 
which  contain  the  narrative.  In  my  copy,  im- 
mediately after  the  title-page  of  vol.  i.,  is  "  The 
Kalender,"  in  six  pages,  a  remarkable  peculiarity 
of  which  is  that  January  2nd  is  marked  "  John 
Wickliffe,  Preacher,  Marter,"  (rubricated),  and 
the  date  387,  instead  of  1387,  in  the  col.  for  the 
year  of  our  Lord.  Then  follow  "  Ad  dominum 
Jesum  Christum,"  &c.,  2  pages ;  Foxe's  Address 
to  Q.  Elizabeth,  3  pages ;  his  "  ad  Doctum  Lec- 
torem,"  2  pages  ;  the  "  Protestation  to  the  whole 
Church  of  England,"  5  pages ;  "  The  Utilitie  of 
this  Story,"  2  pages ;  "  Four  Questions  proposed 
to  the  Papists,"  3  pages  ;  "  Four  Considerations," 
&c.,  1  page ;  and  the  laudatory  addresses,  2  pages. 
But  all  these  pages  and  the  Table  of  Contents  at 
the  end,  in  25  pages,  beginning  on  the  verso  of 
the  last  numbered,  ending  with  the  second  item 
under  v.  a),  are  wranumbered.  The  body  of  the 
work  is  comprised  in  1949  pages,  all  numbered 
continuously,  except  the  1731st  page,  which  com- 
mences vol.  2nd,  and  is  not  numbered.  The  sig- 
nature or  press  mark  of  page  1 949  is  zjjjjjJJ.iii. 
The  letter-press  measures  11 J  by  8|  inches. 

Has  Mr.  Nichols,  besides  his  desire  to  know 
where  such  "  copies  exist,"  any  wish  for  their 
being  deposited  in  some  public  building  or  li- 
brary ?  P.  H.  Fisher. 

Stroud. 


For  the  information  of  Mr.  J.  G.  Nichols 
upon  the  subject  of  the  early  editions  of  Foxe's 
Sook  of  Martyrs,  I  beg  to  inform  you  that  I 
possess  a  folio  copy  in  three  volumes,  large  paper, 
in  excellent  condition,  of  the  edition  of  1641. 

Foley. 

Worksop  Manor. 

I  am  fortunate  enough  to  possess  a  copy  of  the 
edition  of  1583,  in  tolerable  preservation.  The 
title-page  of  vol.  i.  is  missing,  and  it  commences 
with  the  first  leaf  of  "  the  Kalender  ;  "  but  the 
title-page  of  vol.  ii.,  following  page  794.,  iden- 


tifies it  as  ", newly  recognized,  and  inlarged  by 
the  Authour,  John  Foxe,  1583,"  and  printed  at 
London  "  by  John  Day,  dwelling  over  Alders- 
gate."  The  total  number  of  pages  is  2154,  be- 
sides "  a  diligent  Table  or  Index,"  which,  with 
some  lacunce,  is  complete  as  far  as  the  letters  w — i. 
The  book  is  in  the  original  clamped  binding, 
though  the  clasps  are  gone.  C.  W.  Bingham. 


The  following  books  were  in  the  "  Black 
Letter  Collection"  of  the  late  George  Stokes, 
Esquire,  of  Cheltenham  :  — 

"  John  Foxe,  Acts  and  Monuments        -  1576. 

„     „      „     -   -   -  1583. 

„     „      „      ...  1596. 

„     „      „      ...  1684. 

Eerum  in  Ecclesise  Gestarum.    Basileae.    1563." 

Also :  — 

"  Actea  des  Martyres  deduits  en  Sept  Livres  depuis  le 
Temps  de  Wiclef  et  de  Hus  iusques  h.  present.  Crespin. 
1564." 

Mb.  Stokes  compiled  with  much  care  and 
labour  from  the  Foxian  MSS.  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum the  "  Memoir  of  John  Foxe "  which  is 
prefixed  to  the  volume  of  the  British  Reformers, 
containing  extracts  from  the  writings  of  the 
Martyrologist.  This  series  was  edited  by  Mr.  S., 
and  is  published  by  the  Religious  Tract  Society. 

S.  M.  S. 


I  should  not  have  thought  the  rarity  of  editions 
of  Foxe's  Martyrs,  after  the  third  or  fourth,  so 
great  as  described  by  Mb.  Nichols.  They  oc- 
casionally occur  in  catalogues.  I  have  a  fine  copy 
of  the  edition  of  1596,  in  the  original  binding 
(second  vol.  only),  which,  from  its  condition,  is 
certainly  one  of  those  which  rested  on  the  library 
shelves.  There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  tempta- 
tion offered  by  the  woodcuts  has  caused  the  de- 
struction of  many  copies.  Only  to-day  I  saw  in 
a  printseller's  shop  several  cuts  of  martyrdoms 
from  this  work  offered  at  Is.  each — a  price  which, 
if  realised,  would  make  the  piecemeal  sale  of  a 
copy  pretty  profitable.  X.- 

West  Derby,  near  Liverpool,  Sept.  22. 


I  have  in  my  library  a  copy  of  Foxe's  Actes, 
1st  and  2nd  vols.,  of  the  date  of  1596.  A  few 
leaves  are  wanting,  but  on  the  whole  it  is  in  fair 
preservation.  It  is  in  oak  boards,  at  least  half  an 
inch  thick,  and  has  raised  brass  bosses  at  the 
corners.  N.  S.  Heineken. 

Sidmouth. 


LATIN   POEM   AGAINST   MILTON. 

(2"'»  S.  viii.  227.) 
In  reply  to  Ithubiel,  it  may  be  stated  that  in 
1670  there  was  published  at  Cambridge,  from  the 


2»*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  »69,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


273 


press  of  John  Hayes,  a  12mo.  volume  in  three 
parts,  containing  the  Latin  Poems  of  Peter  Du 
Moulin,  the  younger,  Prebendary  of  Canterbury, 
and  Chaplain  to  Charles  II.  The  first  part,  in  68 
pp.,  is  entitled  "Poematum  Libellus  Primus,"  and 
contains  thirteen  Hymns  on  the  Apostles'  Creed. 
The  second  book  (pp.  48.)  is  entitled  "  Ecclesise 
Gemitus  proximo  post  piaculare  Regicidium 
mense,  Londini  primum  editi."  Of  this  and  the 
following  book  my  copy  bears  on  the  title-page 
the  date  1669.  The  third  book  (pp.  151.)  has  the 
title  "  Sylva  Variorum."  Then  follows  (pp.  54.) 
"  Petri  Molinaei  P.  F.  nAPEPrxiN  Incrementum." 
The  lines  concerning  which  Ithubiel  inquires 
are  to  be  found  (pp.  36-42.)  in  the  second  book. 
They  are  entitled  "  In  impurissimum  Nebulonem 
Joannem  Miltonum,"  &c.  (not  Miltonem),  and  con- 
tain, not  24,  but  246  lines.  Of  this  coarse  and 
discreditable  production,  the  following  lines  are  a 
sufficient  sample  :  — 

"  Ten'  sterquilinium,  ten'  cucurbitae  caput 
Ausuni  Monarchas  rodere  et  Salmasios ! 
Nunc  bufo  pardum,  bubalum  mus  verberet, 
Opicus  leonis  vellicet  sorex  jubas. 
Insultet  urso  eruca,  milvio  culex : 
Scarabaei  amicam  concacent  avem  Jovi 
Ipsumque  raerdis  inquinent  albis  Jovem." 

In  the  third  book  (pp.  141,  142.)  Du  Moulin 
gives  a  curious  note  on  this  Satire,  in  which  he  re- 
lates how  he  had  sent  the  MS.  of  his  book  entitled 
"  Clamor  Regii  Sanguinis "  to  Salmasius,  and 
how  Salmasius  entrusted  it  to  the  editorial  care 
of  Alexander*  More.  Milton,  learning  from  his 
correspondents  in  Holland  the  part  Alex.  More 
had  taken  in  conducting  the  work  through  the 
press,  supposed  him  to  be  its  author,  and  attacked 
him  with  great  bitterness  in  his  Defensio  Secunda 
pro  Populo  Anglicano.  Du  Moulin  tells  us  how, 
in  silence,  and  with  no  little  amusement,  he  be- 
held the  progress  of  the  controversy,  and  watched 
Milton,  blind  and  full  of  fury,  fighting  and  strik- 
ing the  air  like  the  Andabata3  (i.  e.  Gladiators 
who  fought  in  the  dark,  being  blinded  by  helmets 
without  any  opening  for  the  eyes),  knowing  neither 
whom  he  struck  at,  nor  by  whom  he  was  hit.  But 
More,  growing  cold  in  the  royal  cause,  and  un- 
equal to  the  burthen  of  republican  hatred,  dis- 
claimed the  authorship  of  the  "  Clamor  Regii 
Sanguinis,"  and  called  two  witnesses  who  knew  the 
real  author.  Du  Moulin  now  supposed  himself 
in  great  danger,  but  says  he  was  saved  by  Mil- 
ton's pride,  who,  having  reviled  More  as  the  au- 
thor of  the  book,  did  not  choose  to  expose  himself 
to  ridicule  by  confessing  his  mistake,  but  conti- 
nued to  treat  More  as  the  author.  The  members 
of  his  party  were  thus,  by  regard  to  consistency, 
prevented  from  proceeding  against  Du  Moulin, 
who,  however,  felt  no  gratitude  for  the  protection 
he  thus  unexpectedly  received  through  one  whom 
he  had  most  contumeliously  attacked.  Ithuriel 
will  find  in  Todd's  Life  of  Milton  (pp.  160,  161.) 


some  curious  particulars  of  Du  Moulin.  Aubrey 
mentions  that  Milton  was  assured  through  the  am- 
bassador (from  Holland)  that  More  was  not,  but 
that  Du  Moulin  was,  the  writer  of  the  "  Clamor ;" 
but  Milton,  who  had  by  that  time  completed  his 
Defensio  Secunda,  replied  that  as  he  had  written 
the  book,  it  should  go  forth,  and  that  More  was 
as  bad  as  Du  Moulin. 

Du  Moulin's  poems  contain  references  to  his 
friends  as  well  as  his  enemies  ;  i.  e.  the  Hon. 
Henry  Clifford  and  Richard  Boyle,  Dr.  Peter 
Gunning,  Wm.  Barker,  Thomas  Fotherby,  Nicho- 
las Brett,  and  Thomas  Watson,  a  Fellow  of  St. 
John's  College ;  Castillo,  Archbishop  Juxon,  and 
George  Oxinden.  A  prose  composition  entitled 
"  Villa  Cambrica  "  shows  that  Du  Moulin  had  no 
perception  of  the  beauty  of  wild  mountainous 
scenery ;  and  a  poem  on  tobacco  eloquently  ex- 
presses his  abhorrence  of  that  seducing  weed.  I 
have  only  to  add,  that  if  Ithueiel  has  any  diffi- 
culty in  obtaining  this  curious  volume,  I  shall  be 
happy  to  give  him  the  opportunity  of  seeing  my 
copy.  R.  Bbook  Aspland. 

1.  Frampton  Villas,  South  Hackney. 


THE    GROTESQUE   IN   CHURCHES,  ETC. 

(2'"i  S.  viii.  130.  196.  236.) 

This  very  interesting  subject  is  a  very  compli- 
cate and  difficult  one  ;  one,  too  (it  seems  to  me), 
which  cannot  be  settled  in  an  off-hand  way,  or 
explained  by  any  one  theory  alone. 

I.  Much  of  it  may  be  explained  by  the  intense 
Realism  of  the  Mind  of  the  Middle  Ages,  and  the 
vivid  sense  of  the  Unseen  World  which  then  pre- 
vailed. The  ceaseless  Conflict  between  the  Powers 
of  Good  and  Evil,  which  rages  around  and  within 
the  Church,  was  an  ever-present  reality.  Thus 
the  Scorn  and  Hate,  the  Masques  and  Mockeries 
of  Evil  Spirits  and  Heretics  (as  Arius)  ;  Human 
Nature,  fallen  and  distorted,  showing  itself  in 
Evil  Passions  and  False  Teachers,  &c.  &c.,  —  all 
these  were  symbolically  sculptured  on  the  outside 
of  Churches,  and  sometimes,  though  not  so  often, 
within. 

III.  The  anthropopathic  policy  of  the  Church 
in  the  Middle  Ages  must  doubtless  be  taken  into 
consideration ;  the  Church,  absorbing  the  evils  she 
could   not   expel,    and  hoping  to  catch   corrupt 
Human  Nature  or  Paganism  by  apparent  compro- 
mise and  indulgence,  cries  Populus  vult  decipi,  et 
I  decipiatw,  and — catches  a  Tartar. 
!      III.  Much  of  it  is  assigned  to  the  disgraceful 
{  contests  between  the  Regular  and  the   Secular 

Clergy ;  but  I  have  never  seen  this  proved. 
-      Take  any  view  or  views  we  believe  true,  and  yet 
j  we  cannot  shut  our  eyes  to  the  fact  that  the  many 
i  Scandals  and  Eccentricities  we  sum  up  in  this  case 
I  under  the  word  Grotesque,  testify  to  the  gross 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


corruption  and  fearful  degradation  of  the  Church 
in  the  ages  which  produced  them. 

A  very  intelligent  writer  in  the  Christian  Ee- 
membrancer  Avho  touches  on  this  subject  in  a  reve- 
rent way,  and  is  disposed  to  make  the  best  of  it, 
is  obliged  to  give  up  much  of  the  Grotesque  as 
hopelessly  unmanageable.  His  words  are  worth 
quoting :  — 

"  What  is  Eidicule  ?  In  a  sense,  it  has  been  riglitly 
deemed  the,  or  rather  a,  criterion  of  the  holiest  essence, 
even  of  Truth  itself.  If  Poetrj'  be  the  relief,  the  natur.al 
discharge,  of  the  overburthened  sense  of  an  oppressive 
wrong ;  or,  again,  the  spontaneous  and  unsought  out- 
break of  the  conscience,  and  sense  of  the  Beautiful  and 
the  Good ;  why  should  it  not  be  that  Ridicule  is,  after  all, 
but  an  expression  of  the  sense  of  vivid  contrast  between 
right  and  wrong  —  of  pretence  and  fact  ?  The  Ludicrous 
is  but  a  phase  of  the  poetic  mind :  the  highest  writers  of 
the  Ludicrous  —  and  in  thus  theorizing,  we  are  concerned 
but  with  the  highest  —  are  themselves  often  the  truest 
Poets.  The  great  comedian  of  Greece,  and,  among  our- 
selves, such  an  one  as  Mr.  Thomas  Hood,  are  among  the 
very  highest  Poets.  ... 

"  There  can  be  no  question  that  the  yeXolov  in  the  ab- 
stract is  anything  but  the  unworthy  vehicle  which 
sciolists  and  owls  among  us  would  maintain :  it  is  part  of 
the  more  perfect  human  constitution ;  and  the  disciples 
of  Bp.  Butler,  and  of  experience,  ask  no  more  to  assign  to 
it  an  office  in  the  great  economy  of  the  mind :  nor  has  it 
been  thought  unworthy  of  classification,  though  the  in- 
<}uiry  is  lost,  by  the  greatest  of  uninspired  philosophers. 
We  claim  of  course  to  be  understood,  not  as  vindicating 
all  the  mischievous  and  profane  rubbish  which  passes 
current  under  the  name  of  the  ludicrous:  to  distinguish 
between  irony  and  bomolochy,  between  satire  and  buf- 
foonery, we  ask  not  Aristotle's  aid.  We  would  be  the  last 
to  admit  the  legitimacy  of  Sarcasm  in  sacred  matters ; 
but  we  contend  for  it  as  a  principle  of  truth  little  under- 
stood in  philosophy  —  as,  when  scientifically  analyzed,  a 
development  of  the  Poetic.Faculty  —  and  therefore  an  in- 
strument to  which  a  province  in  investigation  must  be 
fairly  assigned.  .  .  .  May  it  not  be  —  of  course,  we  only 
throw  out  the  thought  for  subsequent  investigation  — 
that  there  was  more  than  is  at  first  sight  apparent  in 
certain  observances  and  practices  of  the  Church  in  other 
ages  and  countries,  which  from  our  habits  we  are  not  dis- 
posed, and  that  properly,  because  of  present  feelings,  edu- 
cation, and  habits,  to  make  the  slightest  allowance  for,  but 
rather  at  once,  and  in  the  gross,  to  condemn  ?  We  allude 
to  such  things  as  the  Boy-Bishop  in  England,  the  Abbot 
■of  Unreason,  the  Feast  of  Fools,  the  3fardi-Gras,  the  lu- 
dicrous Sculpture  in  wood  and  stone  in  Churches,  the 
grotesque  representations  of  certain  scenes  in  illumina- 
tions, the  Mj'stery  Plays,  Processions  as  sometimes  con- 
ducted, —  all  of  which  form  a  vast  class,  in  which  there 
must  have  been  some  principle  involved.  These  things 
were  not  accident ;  to  say  that  they  have  been,  or  are, 
absurd,  and  gave,  or  give,  rise  to  much  profanity  and  irre- 
verence, is  not  an  adequate  account  of  the  fact  of  their 
existence  and  of  their  origin.  Nay,  more ;  we  are  not 
apologizing  for  them,  still  less  recommending  their  revi- 
val: perhaps  they  were  false  and  impolitic  applications 
of  some  partially  understood,  or  altogether  misappro- 
priate, principle;  it  may  be  that  every  one  of  these 
things  is  totally  indefensible;  but  what  then?  They 
were  not  accident ;  they  must  have  aimed  at  something, 
whether  they  realised  and  attained  it  or  not.  Ai\d  this 
something  we  conceive  to  have  been  a  desire  to  recog- 
nize, on  the  part  of  the  Church,  all,  however  various,  the 
common  functions  of  our  Human  Constitution,  all  parts 


and  objects  of  the  heaven-gifted  Human  Mind  —  and,  in 
some  measure,  to  enlist  them  into  the  service  of,  and  in- 
corporate them  with,  the  only  living; truth,  the  Church: 
to  sanctify  them  by  absorbing  them,  M'hile  marshalling 
them  into  her  host,  to  bless  and  modify  them.  An  in- 
stance occurs  to  us,  which  ma.y  possibly  make  our  mean- 
ing clearer.  In  the  beautiful  chapel  of  St.  John  the 
Baptist,  forming  the  north  aisle  of  St.  Mary's,  Guildford, 
are  some  fresco-paintings  on  the  ceiling;  they  are  imme- 
diately over  the  spot  where  the  altar  stood.  Some  of  them 
cannot,  to  our  eyes,  present  other  than  ludicrous  associa- 
tions. How  is  this.'  The  artists  of  the  fourteenth  cen- 
tury were  not  the  men  to  suggest  laughing  for  laughing's 
sake,  except  upon  some  great  principle:  we  may  not 
enter  into  it ;  we  are  not  called  upon  to  do  so ;  but  we 
must  admit  the  fact,  account  for  it  as  we  can.  Cases  of 
indecent  representations  we  desire  not  to  include  in  what 
we  have  said :  they  are  as  unintelligible  as  indefensible." 
Christian  Rem.  Oct.  1844,  vol.  viii.  pp.  457-459. 

There  are  many,  I  fear,  who  will  not  accept 
this  reasoning,  but  consider  it  as  merely  begging 
the  whole  question,  —  assuming  that  there  must  be 
some  great  principle,  some  good  principle,  at  the 
bottom  of  the  grotesque  ;  like  the  Neo-Platonists 
who  attempted  to  find  a  method  in  the  madness  of 
Paganism.  Such  persons  will  be  better  satisfied 
with  D'Israeli's  account  of  the  matter  in  his  article 
on  "  Ancient  and  Modern  Saturnalia,"  in  the  Cu- 
riosities  of  Literature.     He  says :  — 

"The  Saturnalia  long  generated  the  most  extraordin- 
ary institutions  among  the  nations  of  modern  Europe ; 
and,  what  seems  more  extraordinary  than  the  unknown 
origin  of  the  parent  absurdity  itself,  the  Saturnalia  crept 
into  the  Services  and  Offices  of  the  Christian  Church. 
Strange  it  is  to  observe  at  the  altar  the  Rites  of  Religion 
burlesqued,  and  all  its  offices  performed  with  the  utmost 
buffoonery.  It  is  only  by  tracing  them  to  the  Roman  Sa- 
turnalia, that  we  can  at  all  account  for  these  grotesque 
sports  —  that  extraordinary  mixture  of  libertinism  and 
profaneness  so  long  continued  under  Christianity.  Such 
were  the  Feasts  of  the  Ass,  the  Feast  of  Fools,  &c.    ,  .  . 

"  The  ignorant  and  the  careless  clergy  then  imagined 
it  was  the  securest  means  to  retain  the  populace,  who 
were  always  inclined  to  these  Pagan  revelries." — See  also 
D'Israeli's  articles  on  "  Mysteries  and  ^loralities "  and 
on  "  Religious  Nouvellettes." 

There  is  much  wanting  a  work  treating  directly 
on  the  whole  subject.  Eibionnach. 


A  good  deal  about  these  may  be  seen  in  Poole's 
Ecclesiastical  Architecture,  p.  276.,  though  not 
enough  perhaps  to  satisfy  Querist  any  more  than 
Mr.  Cabbington's  explanation. 

Fosbroke,  in  his  Ency.  of  Aritiquities,  says  the 
lolling  tongue  is  a  symbol  of  contempt,  and  refers 
to  Livy,  vii.  9.,  and  Aul.  Gellius,  Ix.  3. 

We  are  all  apt  to  look  on  these  grotesques  as 
profane  and  indecent :  but  may  not  that  arise  from 
ignorance  of  their  true  meaning  ?  See  Symbolism 
of  Churches,  p.  Ixi. 

In  a  volume  lately  published  by  Mr.  Blight, 
illustrating  the  ancient  crosses  and  other  antiqui- 
ties in  Cornwall,  there  are  some  valuable  and  in- 
teresting notes  by  the  author  of  the  Echoes  of 
Old  Cornwall.    The  note  on  two  heads  in  Mor- 


2"^  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


271 


wenstowe  church  tend  to  throw  some  light  on 
this  Query  on  grotesques  :  — 

"  There  are  two  kinds  of  symbolism  in  church  archi- 
tecture, which  will  often  astonish  and  perplex  the  un- 
learned :  these  are  the  grotesque  and  the  repulsive.  To  the 
first  of  these  belongs  the  lolling  tongue  and  the  mocking 
mouth  of  these  two  corbels  of  stone.  The  interpretation 
of  a  face  so  distorted  when  it  is  shown  within  a  church  is 
called  in  antiquity-  the  Grin  of  Arius ;  and  the  origin  of 
the  name  is  this.  The  final  developement  of  every  strong 
and  baleful  passion  in  the  human  countenance  is  a  fierce 
and  angry  laugh.  In  a  picture  of  the  Council  of  Nicsea 
which  is  said  to  exist  in  the  Vatican,  the  bafHed  Arius  is 
shown,  among  the  doctors,  with  his  features  convulsed 
into  a  hideous  and  demoniac  spasm  of  malignant  mirth. 
Hence  it  became  one  of  the  usages,  amid  the  graphic 
imagery  of  interior  decoration,  to  depict  the  heretic  as 
mocking  the  mysteries,  with  that  glare  of  derision  and 
gesture  of  disdain  which  admonish  and  instruct,  by  the 
very  name  of  the  grin  of  Arius." 

"Si  quid  novisti  rectius  istis, 
Candidus  imperii." 

H.  T.  Ellacombe. 
Clyst  St.  George. 


I  have  always  understood  that  the  design  of  the 
grotesques,  which  are  so  often  seen  in  churches  and 
in  other  old  buildings,  is  to  drive  away  evil  spirits. 
Many  of  these  grotesques  are  what  have  been 
called  "conventional"  representations  of  savage 
animals.  That  is,  our  mediseval  artists,  never  hav- 
ing seen  the  animals  they  sculptured  or  portrayed, 
went  on  copying  one  from  another,  till,  for  exam- 
ple, a  "conventional"  lion  came  out  at  length 
very  like  a  quadrumanous  monkey  or  a  starved 
cat — as  may  sometimes  be  seen,  not  only  on  coins, 
but  on  the  British  Arms.  I  am  now  writing 
within  fifty  yards  of  a  church  (a  modern  antique), 
from  around  the  base  of  whose  spire  there  stand 
forth  at  least  a  dozen  of  these  grotesques  sculp- 
tured in  stone,  and  bearing,  whatever  their  real 
design  and  character,  the  semblance  of  conven- 
tional wolves,  eagles  or  vultures,  hyenas,  &c.,  all 
with  open  mouth,  as  if  breathing  fire,  challenging 
the  horizon,  and  bidding  defiance  to  the  four  quar- 
ters of  the  compass. 

Now  it  is  a  well-known  fact  that  these  menac- 
ing conventionalities  have  a  singular  power  in  re- 
pelling all  magical  and  malignant  influences. 
There  is  great  efficacy,  for  instance,  in  the  head 
of  a  wolf.  So  sings  Balduinus  Ronsasus,  as  cited 
by  Delrius  in  his  Disq.  Magic,  Book  vi.  p.  56.,  ed. 
1616.     "De  lupo  cecinit, — 

"  Nee  rostrum  virtute  caret,  nam,  muuere  quodam 
Natura;  arcano,  depellit  fascina  dira." 

But  this  same  Delrius  (Rio,  Del-Rio,  or  Delrio, 
a  Jesuit,  and  one  of  the  most  learned,  earnest,  and 
systematic  of  all  writers  on  magic),  farther  in- 
structs us  that  in  repelling  evil  spirits,  not  only 
things  terrific,  but  things  derisive,  and  things /bit/ 
and  offensive,  are  singularly  effective :  and  this 
seems  to  be  the  reason  why  on  the  outside  of  some 


colleges,  and  both  without  and  within  many 
churches,  we  see  not  only  forms  and  faces  of  ter- 
ror, but  some  which  express  ridicule  and  contempt 
I  (like  the  human  heads  with  lolling  tongues  raen- 
j  tioned  by  your  correspondents),  as  well  as  others 
I  which  are  calculated  to  oiTend  even  a  not  over- 
I  fastidious  taste  by  their  grossness.  "  Quaecunque 
I  fiunt  circa  corpora  obsessa,  dsemones  accipiunt  ut 
I  facta  et  vergentia  in  ipsorum  dispectum  ac  ludi- 

j  hrium,  maxime  si  sint  irrisiva item  omnia 

foeda,  et  amara  et  similia ;  quare,  cum  sint  intole- 
I  rantes  injurite,  maluntfvgere,  et  a  molestia  in/erenda 
desistere,"  p.  Q5. 

Under  one  or  other  of  the  three  forms,  terrific, 
derisive,  and  indecorous,  thus  equally  repellent  of 
evil  spirits,  may  be  classed  most  of  the  grotesques 
which  we  have  received  or  copied  from  the  Mid- 
dle Ages.  And,  though  other  explanations  have 
been  attempted,  I  know  no  satisfactory  way,  be- 
sides this,  of  accounting  for  the  extraordinai'y  ob- 
jects belonging  to  some  churches. 

Some  of  the  specimens  which  I  have  seen 
abroad  (for  instance,  in  an  inner  court  of  the  con- 
vent of  the  Penha,  near  Cintra),  are  absolutely 
and  utterly  indescribable.  One  of  the  very  fre- 
quent forms  in  which  these  grotesques  appear  in 
our  own  country  is  that  termed  in  mediaeval  archi- 
tecture the  "gargoyle"  or"gurgoyle"  (med.-L. 
gargoula,  gargoullia,  gargalia,  old  Fr.  gargoule, 
gargouille,  all  from  the  Gr.  yapyapeuv,  or  the  L. 
gurgulio).  The  original  gargouille  Avas  simply  a 
water-spout,  "lapideum  aquae  pluviatilis  emissa- 
rium."  But  the  water-spout  in  due  time  assumed 
the  form  of  an  animal.  "  Gargouille  est  le  petit 
canal  de  pierre,  ou  d'autre  chose,  issant  en  forme 
de  couleuvre,  ou  d'autre  beste,  hors  d'oeuvre,  au 
dessous  des  couvertures  des  Eglises,  et  tels  autres 
grands  batiments,  pour  jetter  au  loing  I'eaue 
pluviale  qui  en  descend  ;"  Nicot,  cited  by  Menage, 
Diet.  Etym.  —  In  plate  xiv.  of  the  Glossary  of 
Terms  used  in  Architecture,  Tilt,  1836,  may  be 
seen  some  curious  specimens  of  these  gargoyles. 
"  Gargoyle,  Gurgulio,  a  projecting  water-spout, 
frequently  formed  of  the  open  mouth  of  some 
monster  ;  but  the  figure  of  a  man,  projecting  from 
the  cornice  or  buttress,  with  the  water  issuing 
from  his  mouth,  is  also  frequently  used,  as  at 
Merton  Chapel,  Oxford."  (^Glossary,  p.  25.) 

The  man  or  monster  thus  vomiting,  though  he 
vomits  nothing  but  rain-water,  is  generally  so 
contrived  as  to  bear  an  appearance  which,  on 
squeamish  stomachs,  might  almost  act  sympatheti- 
cally ;  and  if  malevolent  spirits  are  to  be  repelled 
by  what  is  certainly  no  very  agreeable  spectacle, 
it  must  be  confessed  that  these  gargoyles  seem 
well  calculated  to  answer  the  purpose.  For  the 
derisive  process,  what  more  available  than  the 
lolling  tongue  ?  The  "vorgeschlagene  Zunge  "  or 
tongue  protruded,  says  Zedler,  often  occurs  in 
heraldry,  but  no  one  can  tell  u'hat  it  means  1 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


May  we  not  guess  ? 

These  suggestions  on  "grotesques  in  churches" 
are  submitted  in  the  hope  that  they  may  elicit  far- 
ther information  from  those  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
whose  knowledge  of  the  subject  is  more  exact  and 
extensive  than  the  writer's.  Thomas  Boys. 


Once  upon  a  time  (as  the  story  books  say)  when 
I  was  in  Normandy,  I  tarried  a  week  at  St.  Lo. 
One  day  I  was  walking  through  the  town  in  com- 
pany with  a  French  gentleman,  a  resident  there,  and 
I  stopped  to  examine  the  west  front  of  the  cathedral. 
Amongst  other  features,  my  companion  pointed 
out  to  me  several  remarkable  figures  sculptured 
in  stone,  at  some  height  from  the  ground,  perhaps 
fifty  or  sixty  feet.  They  were  both  indecent  and 
disgusting.  If  I  recollect  right  there  were  both 
men  and  women,  either  eating  or  drinking  to 
excess,  or  by  their  forms,  attitudes,  or  features 
exhibiting  the  efTects  of  excess  ;  or  satisfying  un- 
natural desires,  or  the  like.  I  expressed  my  sur- 
prise that  such  things  should  be  represented  on 
churches,  but  said  that  there  were  instances  in 
England  as  well  as  in  France ;  and  I  asked  him 
if  he  had  ever  heard  any  explanation  for  such  a 
practice.  The  reason,  he  said,  was  this :  such  sub- 
jects of  excess  were  depicted  in  order  to  hold  them 
up  to  reprobation.  Thus,  a  drunkard  was  repre- 
sented in  order  that  all  men  might  see  how  despi- 
cable a  wretch  he  appeared  when  in  that  state. 
They  were  examples  of  the  vices  personified ; 
they  were  so  put  before  our  eyes,  in  order  to  dis- 
gust us  with  the  sight  of  them,  and  in  order  to 
hold  them  up  to  derision  and  to  denunciation.  I 
had  not  heard  this  explanation  before,  and  there- 
fore I  now  give  it.  The  intention  might  be  good ; 
but  when  these  grotesques  generally  raise  a  smile, 
the  end  is  certainly  not  gained.  My  informant 
farther  told  me  that  similar  sculptures  were  to  be 
found  on  Notre  Dame  at  Paris.  When  I  was 
subsequently  in  Paris,  I  took  an  occasion  to  exa- 
mine Notre  Dame ;  but  the  figures  were  so  placed 
or  else  so  high  that  I  could  not  make  them  out. 

P.  Hutchinson. 


The  answer  given  in  the  latter  of  the  above 
passages  (2°^  S.  viii.  196.)  may  explain  the  parti- 
cular grotesque  referred  to,  but  I  for  one  have  al- 
ways understood  that  such  figures  were  connected 
with  the  hatred  the  secular  clergy  bore  towards  the 
•'  regulars  "  and  mendicant  orders.  A  still  better 
explanation  is  given  in  the  following  note  which 
I  have  just  come  across  in  Parker's  edition  of 
Chaucer's  Romaunt  of  the  Rose  :  — 

"  Hatred,  Felonj',  &c.  .  .  are  painted  on  the  outside  of 
the  wall  which  encloses  the  garden  in  which  blooms  the 
Eose,  to  symbolize  the  fact  that  these  things  are  destruc- 
tive of  Love,  and  therefore  excluded  from  his  dominions. 
The  same  idea  is  conveyed  by  the  symbolical  figures  of 
grinning  demons,  sometimes  in  indecent  attitudes,  carved 


on  the  gurgoyles  and  other  parts  of  the  outsides  of 
churches,  to  show  that  the  passions  they  represent  are 
destructive  of  Christian  faith,  and  are  therefore  excluded 
from  the  temple."— (P.  28.) 

J.  Eastwood. 


Pyne  and  Povlet  (2°^  S.  viii.  223.)  —  In  the 
Calendar  of  State  Papers,  there  is  a  reference  to  a 
letter,  which  would  give  Ithueiel  the  informa- 
tion he  wants :  — 

"  June  12,  1627.  William  Wabrond  to  John  Poulett, 
wishes  him  to  know  of  some  speeches  dispersed  through 
the  country  by  Hugh  Pyne's  son,  viz.  that  it  can  never 
be  well  with  England  until  there  be  means  made  that 
the  Duke's  head  may  be  set  (  ?let)  fall  from  his  shoulders. 
This  he  was  informed  by  William  Collier,  who  is  M''. 
Windham's  man,  and  M''.  Windham  is  Arthur  Pyne's 
brother-in-law." 

There  are  other  papers  connected  with  the 
matter,  among  them  an  opinion  of  the  judges, 
given  in  a  letter  of  Attorney-Gen.  Heath,  8  Dec, 
that  the  words  testified  against  Mr.  Pyne  do  Hot 
constitute  treason  ;  a  petition  of  Hugh  Pyne's, 
without  date,  complaining  of  "  his  having  been  a 
long  time  restrained  of  his  liberty,  and  held  from 
his  practise  in  the  law  ;  "  and  a  petition  from  cer- 
tain witnesses,  "  praying  for  allowance  for  at- 
tending 28  days  Mich,  term,  and  18  days  Hil. 
term,  1628,  concerning  Mr.  Hugh  Pyne." 

MONSON. 

Ithueiel  will  find  some  useful  information  re- 
specting Pyne  and  Poulett  in  Mr.  Bruce's  Calen- 
dar of  State  Papers  (vols.  i.  and  ii.),  Charles  I. 
I  have  not  leisure  to  make  the  extracts  for  him, 
but  as  those  volumes  contain  admirable  and  co- 
pious Indices,  there  will  be  no  difficulty  in  the 
investigation.  John,  afterwards  Lord  Poulett,  in 
a  letter  to  Nicholas,  Nov.  27,  1626,  expresses  a 
wish  "  that  Pyne's  tongue  were  tied,  so  that  he 
were  not  suffered  to  plead  in  the  King's  Courts, 
which  were  a  punishment  to  him,  who  makes  his 
living  by  his  tongue,  no  less  grevous  than  hang- 
ing." ROTALIST. 

The  Great  St.  Leger  (2°''  S.  viii.  225.)  —  The 
following  extract  from  the  Manchester  Guardian 
of  15th  Sept.  answers  to  some  extent  the  Query  of 
LucENS  A  NON  LucBNDO,  bcsidcs  furnishing  other 
interesting  particulars  concerning  this  race. 

R.  E.  L. 
"  The  St.  Leger  race  was  instituted  in  the  year  1776,  by 
the  late  Colonel  St.  Leger,  of  Park-hill,  near  Doncaster, 
but  it  was  not  until  two  or  three  years  afterwards  that  it 
was  called  the  '  St.  Leger '  at  the  suggestion  of  the  then 
Marquis  of  Rockingham,  at  a  dinner  at  the  Red  Lion,  at 
that  time  the  head  inn  of  Doncaster,  in  compliment  to 
the  gentleman  with  whom  the  race  originated.  When 
the  contest  first  came  off,  there  were  only  six  subscribers, 
and  five  horses  ran,  the  winner  being  Allabaculia,  who 
was  the  property  of  the  above-mentioned  nobleman,  and 
was  ridden  by  J.  Singleton ;  a  filly  by  Trusty  coming  in 


•J'^d  S.  VIII.,  Oct.  1.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


277 


second.  In  a  few  of  the  succeeding  years  there  was  an 
increased  number  of  nominations ;  but  in  1785  the  in- 
terest in  the  St.  Leger  appeared  to  have  considerably 
fallen  off,  as  in  that  year  only  five  gentlemen  subscribed, 
and  four  horses  went  to  the  starting-post.  In  1789,  nine 
animals  were  entered,  six  of  whom  ran,  the  Duke  of 
Hamilton's  colt  by  Laurel  coming  in  first ;  but  a  charge  of 
jostling  having  been  proved  against  Mangle  (his  rider\ 
the  St.  Leger  was  awarded  to  the  second  horse  (Pewet). 
The  entries  at  the  succeeding  anniversaries  were  16  and 
14  respectively ;  yet  it  was  not  until  1792  (sixteen  years 
after  the  institution  of  the  race)  that  the  number  of  sub- 
scribers exceeded  twenty.  During  the  present  century, 
however,  and  especially  within  the  last  twenty  years,  this 
important  event  has  gained  considerably  in  interest  —  for 
whilst  in  Don  John's  year  (1838)  the  goodly  number  of 
66  horses  were  nominated,  seven  of  whom  ran,  in  the 
following  year  they  were  increased  to  107,  and  on  that 
occasion  14  competed,  the  race  ending  in  a  dead  heat 
with  Charles  the  Twelfth  and  Euclid.  Since  that  time, 
with  the  exception  of  1850  (when  there  were  95  subscri- 
bers, and  another  dead  heat  with  Voltigeur  and  Russ- 
borough),  and  1853,  there  have  never  been  fewer  than 
100  subscribers.  For  the  St.  Leger  this  year  there  were 
167  horses  nominated,  and  eleven  contested  the  event. 
For  the  sixth  year  in  succession  the  St.  Leger  has  been 
carried  off  by  a  rank  outsider,  Gamester  starting  at  25  to 
1.  In  1854,  Knight  of  St.  George  started  at  25  to  1 ; 
1855,  Saucebox,  40  to  1 ;  1856,  Warlock,  12  to  1 ;  1857, 
Imp^rieuse,  100  to  6 ;  and  1858,  Sunbeam,  at  15  to  1. 
In  most  of  these  j^ears  the  favourites  were  backed  at 
either  odds  on  or  slight  odds  against;  and  never  since 
West  Australian's  year,  in  1853,  has  a  favourite  pulled 
through.  John  Scott  is  truly  a  wonderful  man  over  the 
Doncaster  town  mooi%  Few  persons  who  saw  Gamester 
beaten  bj'  Willie  Wright,  at  Newcastle,  and  subsequently 
by  Voltaire  and  Napoleon,  at  York,  recognised  in  Sir 
Charles  Monck's  colt  the  winner  of  the  St.  Leger  of  1859. 
Yet  such  is  the  fact,  and  John  Scott  has  safely  earned  for 
himself  the  title  of  the  '  Wizard  of  the  North,'  which, 
considering  what  wonders  he  works  in  animals  in  short 
time,  he  fairly  merits." 

Why  is  Luther  represented  with  a  Goose  f  (2""^ 
S.  viii.  243.)  —  John  Huss  is  represented  with  a 
goose,  and  Luther  with  a  swan;  and  the  explanation 
given  in  Lutheran  churches,  where  the  represent- 
ation occurs,  is,  that  John  Huss  (whose  name  in 
Bohemian  signified  "goose")  used  to  say,  "Though 
they  kill  this  goose,  a  swan  shall  come  after  me." 

A.  P.  S. 

Buchanan  Pedigree  (2"^  S.  viii.  148.)  — I  only 
know  of  one  family  named  Dalgleish,  or  Dalglish, 
of  Glasgow,  who  trace  their  descent  through  a 
female  from  Geo.  Buchanan.  They  bear  an  open 
book  in  their  arms  in  token  of  this  descent. 

O.  D.  Y. 

Hypatia  (2"'»^  S.  viii.  217.)— I  am  afraid  Mr. 
Alban  Butler  either  was  misled  by  prepossession 
in  his  judicious  note,  or  spoke  of  Socrates  at 
second-hand.  Socrates  explicitly  says  that  the 
murder  of  Hypatia  brought  no  little  disgrace  upon 
Cyril  and  the  Alexandrian  church.  It  may  be  a 
matter  of  opinion  whether  we  are  to  think  of 
the  historian  as  believing  that  this  disgrace  was 
merited  ;  but  even  those  who  hold  that  this  mention 
is  insufficient  to  convict,  will  hardly  maintain  that 


this  "  silence  "  is  "  sufficient  to  acquit."  As  to 
Orestes,  whom  any  one  would  suppose  from  Mr. 
Butler's  note  to  be  another  historian,  he  was  the 
prefect  of  Alexandria,  of  whom  it  is  not  ex- 
pressly recorded  that  he  believed  Cyril  to  be 
guilty;  which  is  a  very  different  thing  from  the 
silence  of  a  writer.  For  that  matter,  it  is  not 
expressly  recorded  that  Cyril  denied  accession  to 
the  murder.  There  are  indications  enough  that 
the  ages  which  followed  believed  Cyril  to  be 
chargeable  with  some  sort  of  complicity.  Having 
had  occasion,  long  ago,  to  look  into  all  that  has 
come  down  to  us  upon  this  celebrated  case,  I  left 
off  with  the  impression  that  Cyril,  otherwise 
known  for  an  impetuous  and  not  over- scrupulous 
bishop,  incited  Peter  the  reader  —  for  it  was  not 
merely  the  act  of  an  "  incensed  mob,"  as  Mr. 
Butler  says  —  to  set  the  rabble  of  Alexandria  at 
the  obnoxious  lady ;  but  without  intending  that 
they  should  go  quite  so  far.  In  short,  that  Mr. 
Peter  was  one  of  those  readers  who  for  inch  read 
ell.  I  shall  be  glad  if  any  one  can  clear  Cyril : 
but  it  must  be  done  by  some  better  judgment 
than  that  which  Mr.  Butler  has  shown  in  this 
matter.  A.  De  Moegan. 

Abbreviated  Names  of  English  Counties  and 
Towns  (2"<'  S.  viii.  219.)  —Mr.  James  Knowles 
"cannot  understand  that  Me.  Nichols  has  thrown 
any  light  upon  the  abbreviation  Sarum:^'  after 
which  confession  he  proceeds  to  quote  an  author 
who  suggests  that  it  is  not  an  abbreviation  at  all, 
but  a  name  of  sacred  import,  derived  from  a  vici- 
nity to  Druidical  remains.  I  have  no  wish  to 
combat  with  Druidical  etymologies,  which  are  far 
above  ray  range  :  but  I  write  merely  to  take  note 
of  a  third  instance  in  which  the  contraction  y  has 
been  misread  rum.  I  find  in  the  Yorkshire  Vi- 
sitation of  1665  these  words  of  frequent  occur- 
rence— in  com.  Eborum.  So  that  now  we  have 
three  examples  of  this  abbreviation,  as  I  shall  still 
continue  to  call  it :  — 

Eborum  for  Eboraci, 

Sarum  for  Sarisburiae, 

Barum  for  Barnestapuli, 

all  of  which  I  still  am  of  opinion  originated  with 
the  clerks  who  erroneously  elongated  the  con- 
tractions Ebor,  Sar  and  Barn,  applying  to  them 
their  familiar  acquaintance  with  the  Latin  geni- 
tive plural ;  and  not  from  any  vernacular  or  po- 
pular expression  or  perversion  of  the  real  names, 
still  less  from  any  distinct  derivation  or  etymo- 
logy. John  Gough  Nichols. 

Pews  (2"^  S.  viii.  204.)  —  The  extract  from 
Hasted  is  an  interesting  addition  to  the  history 
of  pews,  called  Le  Pewis  in  1475.  But  I  would 
ask  whether  this  expression  will  not  carry  the 
name  back  to  a  much  earlier  date  ?  —  to  the  time 
when  Norman-French  was  in  general  use  in  all 
legal  forms  and  names,  which  continued  in  use. 


278 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


.  as  to  names  of  persons,  things,  and  places,  long 
after.  Such  a  form  of  speech  may  be  seen  in 
many  old  records,  which  otherwise  run  throughout 
in  Latin.  I  have  one  before  me  dated  1431, 
which  is  wholly  in  Latin,  excepting  where  any 
names  of  lands  occur,  and  then  the  old  name  is 
used  in  the  older  form,  in  this  way  :  — 

"  Unum  pomarium  vocati  k  Courte  Orchai'd. 
Una  pastura,  les  Priests  Moores. 
Una  acra,  le  Hedelond. 
Una  grava,  le  Hyghgrofe. 
Una  acra,  le  Black  Acre. 

„         le  lytel  vvhete  Crofte. 

„         le  Clyffs. 

„         le  longe  fnrlonge. 

„         les  white  stones. 

„         le  lytel  mede," 

with  many  others.  By  degrees,  and  in  the  course 
of  time,  the  French  article  gave  way  to  the  Eng- 
lish the,  and  so  we  got  "  the  Devize?,"  "  the 
Hague,"  the  Bath,"  &c.,  &c.  H.  T.  Ellacombe. 
Clyst  St.  George. 

Sale  of  a  Man  and  his  Progeny ;  Serfdom  (2"^ 
S.  vi.  90.  &c.)  —  A  MS.  in  the  Cotton  collection 
Julius  C.  7.,  p.  139.,  vo.,  contains  the  following 
extraordinary  deed,  which  may  be  translated 
thus : — 

"  Know  all  men  by  these  presents  that  I,  Katerna 
D'Engaj'ne,  who  was  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  D'Engayno, 
Knight,  have  given,  granted,  and  delivered  for  a  certain 
sum  of  money  to  Sir  Edward  Courtenay  Earl  of  Devon, 
Thomas  Wattez  "  [or  Watter  ?],  "  my  born  thrall  [nati- 
vum  meum]  of  Schaldewell,  with  all  his  goods  and 
chattels  wheresoever  found,  together  with  all  his  pos- 
terity and  progeny  [sequela  et  progenie]  by  him  be- 
gotten. Given  at  Exminster  on  Sunday  next  after  the 
Feast  of  All  Saints.  In  the  8th  year  of  Richard  the  Se- 
cond, after  the  Conquest  of  England." 

The  unhappy  man  could  not  have  been  a  serf, 
adscriptus  glebce,  or  a  villein  regardant,  who  could 
only  pass  with  the  land ;  but  a  villein  in  gross, 
who  was  sold  like  an  ox  or  a  sheep.  Is  not  this 
rather  late  for  these  sort  of  deeds  ?  150  years 
later  Sir  Thomas  Smith  tells  us  there  was  not  a 
villain  in  gross  in  all  England.  What  was  his 
property  in  his  goods  and  chattels,  which  seems 
absolutely  to  have  passed  with  him  ?  Could  his 
new  master  deprive  him  of  them,  or  had  he  only 
certain  demands  upon  his  time,  or  his  labour  ? 
His  children  are  sold  with  him  ;  could  the  buyer 
separate  them  from  him,  and  sell  them  to  whom 
he  pleased,  or  did  the  family  keep  witli  him,  as 
well  as  the  goods  and  chattels  ?  Any  information 
on  those  points  will,  I  think,  be  very  acceptable 
to  those  who  interest  themselves  in  ancient  serf- 
dom, or  modern  slavery.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Legends  of  Normandy  and  Bi-ittany  (2°'^  S.  viii. 
227.)  —  An  abundant  store  of  veritable  legends 
are  to  be  found  in  the  pages  of  the  old  hagio- 
grapher  Albert  le  Grand,  whose  work  was  tirst 


published  in  4to.  at  Nantes  in  1637,  and  a  second 
edition,  also  in  4to.  at  Rennes  in  1640.  It  is  how- 
ever to  be  observed,  that  great  fault  is  found  with 
the  venerable  Albert  for  his  extreme  credulity  by 
the  Abbe  Tresvaux,  who,  in  his  work  entitled  Les 
Vies  des  Saints  de  Bretagne  (published  in  Paris, 
1836),  rejects  as  fabulous  many  of  the  statements 
promulgated  by  his  predecessor.  In  a  search  for 
legends,  T.  W.  S.  will  find  many  things  to  interest 
him  in  the  work  of  F.  G.  P.  B.  Manet,  Histoit-e 
de  Petite^  Bretagne,  on  Bretagne- Armorique  depta's 
ses  premiers  Habitans  connus  (Saint-Malo,  1834). 

W.  B.  MacCabe. 
T.  W.  S.  will  find  in  the  following  works  some 
of  the  information  he  wants  :  — 

1.  "  Legendes  et  Traditions  de  la  Normandie,  par 
Octave  F^rc.  8vo.    Ptouen,  1845." 

2.  La  Normandie  Romanesque  et  Merveilleuse,  Tradi- 
tions, Legendes  et  Superstitions  populaires.  8vo.  Paris, 
1845." 

3.  "  Coutumes,  Mj'thes  et  Traditions  des  Provinces  de 
France.    Svo.    Paris,  1846." 

4.  The  various  works  of  Le  Roux  de  Lincj'  and  Edouard 
d'Anglemont. 

5.  "  Les  Romans  de  la  Table  Ronde  et  les  Contes  des 
Anciens  Bretons,  par  H.  de  la  Villemarqud  S"  edition, 
1859." 

"  6.  Contes  Populaires  des  Anciens  Bretons,  par  Ville- 
marque.    2  Vols.  Svo.     Paris,  1842." 

"  7.  Barzas-Breis,  Chants  Populaires  de  la  Bretagne, 
avec  Notes,  etc.  Par  Villemarque.  2  Vols.  8vo.  Paris, 
1839." 

J.  Macray. 

Le  Foyer  Breton,  a  book  written  by  Emile 
Souvestre,  and  published  by  Michel  Levy  Frcres, 
contains  many  of  the  choicest  legends  of  Brit- 
tany. XL  F. 

Keniish  Fire  (1"  S.  vii.  155. ;  2°"'  S.  i.  182. 
423.)^—  Shortly  before  the  death  of  the  late  Earl 
of  Winchelsea,  I  had  a  letter  from  his  lordship, 
in  which  he  said  that  he  introduced  into  Ireland, 
but  did  not  invent,  the  Kentish  fire.  The  occa- 
sion on  which  it  was  introduced  was  at  a  grand 
dinner  given  to  the  Earl  by  the  Protestants  of 
Ireland  on  the  15th  August,  1834,  at  Morrison's 
Hotel,  Dublin,  the  day  after  the  great  Protestant 
meeting,  to  attend  which  his  lordship  came  over. 
When  proposing  the  health  of  the  Chairman,  the 
Earl  of  Roden,  Lord  Winchelsea  accompanied 
the  toast  with  the  "  Kentish  Fire  ; "  and  in  pro- 
posing another  toast,  he  "  requested  permission 
to  bring  his  "  Kentish  Artillery "  again  into 
action.  The  Dublin  Evening  Mail  newspaper, 
in  its  commentary  on  the  proceedings  at  that 
dinner,  on  the  18th  August  following,  said,  "  We 
can  assure  his  Lordship  (Lord  W.)  that  neither 
his  presence  nor  the  '  Kentish  Fires '  which  he 
was  the  first  to  kindle  on  this  side  the  Channel, 
will  soon  be  forgotten." 

Having  thus  traced  Its  origin  so  far,  I  leave 
the  "Kentish  Fire"  in  your  correspondents' 
hands.  .  Y.  S.  M. 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


Alexander  Gordon  (2"*  S.  vii.  514.)  —  In  the 
Scottish  Journal  of  Antiquities,  No.  12.  for  Nov. 
20th,  1847,  we  find  a  letter  of  introduction  ad- 
dressed by  a  Rob.  Simson  to  the  Rev.  Robert 
Wodrow,  recommending  Mr.  Gordon  to  his  no- 
tice.    It  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Glasgow,  August  6,  1725. 

"My  good  friend  Mr.  Gordon  having  spent  a  great 
dale  of  pains  in  recovering  and  preserving  an3'thing  of 
antiquity  in  Scotland  and  the  north  of  England,  is  come 
to  this  country  to  take  an  exact  survey  of  the  Roman 
Wall,  and  hearing  that  you  hade  several  things  worth 
notice  in  j'our  collection  that  may  be  of  use  to  his  design 
ia  very  desirous  of  seeing  them.  I  know  I  need  not 
recommend  any  lover  of  antiquity  to  j'ou,  nor  by  the 
favour  of  allowing  Mr.  Gordon  of  takj'ug  a  copy  or 
draught  of  what  is  for  his  purpose,  &c." 

Ill  the  MS.  Index  of  his  letters  Wodrow  has 
described  this  as  from  "  Mr.  R.  Simson,  about 
Mr.  Gordon  the  singer.''  It  would  seem  from  this 
that  he  was  an  itinerant  teacher  of  music,  a  class 
of  men  formerly,  and  even  still,  well  known  in 
Scotland  for  their  peculiarities.  According  to 
Watt  he  died  in  Carolina,  about  1750.  In  an 
"  Ode  on  the  Power  of  Music,"  prefixed  to  Alex. 
Malcolm's  Treatise  of  Musick,  London,  1730,  a 
Mr.  Gordon  is  referred  to  in  the  following  eulo- 
gistic terms,  from  which  it  would  appear  that  he 
had  gone  to  Italy,  the  land  of  song,  to  perfect 
himself  in  the  art :  — 

XII  r. 
"  Who  would  not  wish  to  have  the  skill 

Of  tuning  instruments  at  will  ? 

Ye  powers,  who  guide  my  actions,  tell 

Why  I,  in  whom  the  seeds  of  Music  dwell, 

Who  most  its  power  and  excellence  admire. 

Whose  ver3'  breast,  itselfs,  a  Lyre, 

Was  never  taught  the  heavenly  art 
Of  modulating  sounds. 

And  can  no  more,  in  consort,  bear  a  part 
Than  the  wild  roe,  that  o'er  the  mountains  bounds  ? 

Could  I  live  o'er  my  j'outh  again 

(But,  ah !  the  wisli  how  idly  vain !) 

Instead  of  poor  deluding  rhyme 

Which  like  a  Siren  murders  time, 

Instead  of  dull  scholastic  terms. 

Which  made  me  stare  and  fancy  charms; 

With  Gordon's  brave  ambition  tired, 

Beyond  the  towering  Alps,  untired 
To  tune  luy  voice  to  his  sweet  notes,  I'd  roam ; 

Or  search  the  Magazines  of  Sound 

Where  Musick's  treasures  lay  profound 
With  M.{alcohn)  here  at  home. 

M ,  the  dear  deserving  man. 

Who,  taught  in  Nature's  laws. 

To  spread  his  country's  glory,  can 
Practise  the  beauties  of  the  Art,  and  show  its  grounds 
and  cause." 

Query.  Can  any  of  your  musical  antiquaries 
assist  me  in  determining  if  the  Gordon  mentioned 
above  was  ]5lonkbarns's  "  Sandie  Gordon,"  author 
of  the  Itinerarium  Septentrionale  ? 

3.  A.  Peethensis. 

Bibliographical  Queries  (2°'^  S.  viii.  208.)  — 
My  best  thanks  are  due  to  Mr.  Offob,  whose 


Note  has  enabled  me  to  ascertain  that  my  copy 
of  Coverdale's  Bible,  1553,  wants  two  leaves  of 
the  Kalender,  and  the  Table  at  the  end  of  the 
text. 

The  New  Testament  differs  from  Copland's 
edition  of  1549.  The  preliminary  leaves  are  six- 
teen ;  the  first  four  printed  in  red  and  black, 
d'he  title  within  a  woodcut  architectural  border, 
surmounted  by  the  face  and  wings  of  an  angel. 
*J[The  new  testament  in  Englishe  faythfuUy 
traslated  accordyng  to  the  texte  of  Erasmus, 
permitted  and  authorised  by  y*  kynges  maiestie 
^  his  counsaile  (:  :  :). 

*1I  Imprinted  ad  London  in  Fletestrete  at  the 
Signe  of  y®  Rose  garland  by  Wyllyam  Copland, 
for  John  Wayly.  1550.  On  the  reverse  of  the 
title  is  ^  An  almanack  for  .xxviii.  yeares.,  be- 
ginning 1550.  Then  The  kalender,  in  double 
columns ;  6  pages,  the  first  or  signature  *.ii. 
This  is  followed  by  ^  A  Table  for  the  foure 
Euangelistes,  wherin  thou  mayst  lyghtly  fynde 
any  story  contayned  in  the,  etc. ;  17  pages. 
^Here  foloweth  the  Actes  of  the  Apostles ;  5 
pages.  After  which,  ^A  compendious  and  brief 
rehersall  of  all  the  contentes  of  the  bokes  of  the 
newe  testament ;  2  pages,  the  second  ending  with 
FINIS.  The  text  begins  on  a.  i.,  and  the  signa- 
tures run  on  (omitting  the  letters  d,  e,  j,  u,  and 
w)  to  R  in  eights,  the  Apocalypse  ending  on  the 
recto  of  R.  iiii.  with  ^  The  ende  of  the  newe 
Testament.  The  volume  is  not  paged.  A  full 
page  contains  36  lines.  The  book  is  printed  in 
black  letter ;  the  running  titles,  chapters,  mar- 
ginal references  and  preliminary  pages  in  the 
same  type  as  the  text.  No  contents  of  chapters. 
Some  of  the  initial  letters  are  Roman  capitals, 
cut  in  wood,  5  to  9  lines  deep.  The  rest  are  metal 
type,  of  a  German  character,  from  2  to  4  lines 
deep.  The  volume  measures  5j  inches  by  3^, 
and  is  bound  in  brown  morocco.        Joseph  Rix. 

St.  Neots. 


NOTES    ON    BOOKS,   ETC. 

A  List  of  the  Books  of  Reference  in  the  Reading  Room 
of  the  British  Museum.     Printed  by  Order  of  the  Trtistees. 

In  directing  the  printing  of  this  most  useful  volume, 
and  causing  it  to  be  sold  at  the  low  price  of  7s.  6d.,  the 
Trustees  of  the  British  Museum  have  done  a  good  work — 
a  work  which  entitles  them  to  the  best  thanks  of  all  men 
of  letters.  To  the  frequenters  of  the  magnificent  Read- 
ing Room  now  provided  for  them  in  what  was  once  a 
vacant  quadrangle,  a  list  of  the  many  thousand  volumes 
arranged  systematically  around  its  walls,  and  to  which 
they  can  refer  without  a  moment's  delay,  is  a  boon  cal- 
culated alike  to  add  to  their  comfort  and  to  facilitate 
their  researches.  These  books  consist  not  only  of  Diction- 
aries, Encj'clopffidias,  Atlases,  Gazetteers,  Catalogues, 
the  leading  works  in  Art,  Science,  Literature,  and  the 
most  important  collections  in  the  various  branches  of 
fearning,  but  also  of  many  works  which,  although  not 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  Oct.  1.  '59. 


strictly  works  of  reference,  are  constantly  asked  for  by 
the  readers  —  and  of  such  works  those  editions  have  been 
selected  which  are  found  to  be  most  generally  useful. 
But  though  styled  simply  and  unpretendingly  merely  A 
List  of  the  Books  of  Reference,  §-c.,  this  volume  is  in  fact 
a  great  deal  more.  In  the  first  place  we  find  in  it  the 
contents  of  the  greater  number  of  Collections  set  out  at 
length  (and  the  value  and  utility  of  this  feature  of  the 
List  are  too  obvious  to  need  insisting  on) ;  secondly,  Lista 
of  the  various  Catalogues  and  Indexes  placed  in  the  room 
for  consultation  by  the  visitors ;  and  thirdly,  which  is  a 
most  important  feature  in  the  volume.  An  Alphabetical 
Index  of  Subjects,  so  that  the  student  may  see  at  a  glance 
what  works  he  can  consult  on  the  particular  branch  of 
study  which  he  may  be  pursuing.  When  we  consider 
by  whom  this  selection  of  books  for  the  Reading  Room 
has  been  made,  that  it  has  been  the  labour  of  a  body  of 
gentlemen  whose  peculiar  business  it  is  to  find  out  what 
are  the  best  books  of  reference,  it  will  be  seen  that  this 
Index  makes  the  present  volume  as  useful  to  all  in- 
quirers into  any  of  the  various  branches  of  human  learn- 
ing, as  we  believe  it  to  be  indispensable  to  all  the  habi- 
tual frequenters  of  the  Reading  Room  —  and  we  heartily 
thank  Mr.  Panizzi,  Mr.  Winter  Jones,  and  Mr.  Rye,  for  a 
volume  which  no  working  man  of  letters  should  be 
without. 

The  Booke  of  the  Pylgremage  of  the  Soule.     Translated 

from  the  French  of  Guillaume  de  Guileville,  and  printed  by 

William   Caxton,    1483.      With  Illuminations   taken  from 

the  MS.  Copy  in  the  British  Museum.  Edited  by  Katharine 

Isabella  Gust.     (B.  M.  Pickering.) 

The  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  probably  remember  the 
notice  in  our  No.  for  7th  August,  1858,  of  the  valuable 
collections  made  by  the  late  Mr.  Hill  for  illustrating  the 
literary  historj'  of  those  works  which  resemble  in  their 
character  John  Bunyan's  immortal  allegory.  The  Pil- 
grim's Progress.  The  principal  feature  of  that  volume 
was  the  comparison  between  Bunyan's  work  and  the  old 
French  poem  of  Guillaume  de  Guileville,  —  an  author 
formerly  so  popular  in  this  country  as  to  have  num- 
bered, as  was  then  shown,  both  Chaucer  and  Lydgate 
among  his  translators.  The  present  work  is  a  supplement 
or  completion  of  the  former,  and  consists  of  the  transla- 
tion of  the  Pylgremage  of  the  Soule,  made  from  the  French, 
with  additions  in  1413,  and  printed  by  Caxton  in  1483. 
The  translator,  as  the  editor  shows,  was  in  all  probability 
Lydgate.  The  volume  is  curiously  illustrated,  and  is  a 
valuable  contribution  towards  the  history  of  religious 
allegorical  literature.  It  is  to  be  regretted,  however,  that 
any  parts  of  the  work  should  have  been  omitted,  Avhat- 
ever  may  be  the  Editor's  views  as  to  the  religious  doc- 
trine contained  in  them.  ITiey  were  characteristic  of  the 
age,  and  should  have  been  reproduced. 


Shaw's  Staffordshire.    Vol.  XT.    Part  I. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  Hix,  St.  Neota. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Pope's  Worbs.    Vol.  I.  Part  I.    Small  8vo.  1741. 

A  NxTT  Cataloodb  of  Enolisb  Plays.    1688. 

»«»  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  bo 

sent  to  Messrs.  Bkm,  &   DAtDv,  Publishers  of  "  NOTES  AND 

QUEKIES."  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Selecta  Pokmata  Anolohum.    Edited  by  Edward  Popham.    3  Vols. 
Published  about  l??-!  or  1776. 

Bevehlac  :  A  History  op  Beverley. 

Christopuer  Smar  r  's  Poems. 

The  Metrical  Version  of  the  Psalms,  by  James  Merrick. 

A  Poetical  Account  of  Wenslktdale  in  the  North  Riding  of  York- 
shire, by  Thomas  Maude. 

Wanted  by  Jiev-  John  Pkkford,  il.A.  103.  Crown  Street,  Aberdeen, 
Scotland. 


Milman's  Horace.    First  Edition. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  Edward  Ilohlyn,  36.  North  Bank,  St.  John's  Wood. 


Chess  Players'  Chronicle.    A  set  or  odd  vols. 

Old  books  on  the  Game  of  Chess. 

Ballantyne's  Novelists'  Library.    10  Vols.    Also  Vols.  I.  II.  and  V. 

Wilson's  Sanskrit  Dictionary. 

Hakltjyt's  Voyages. 

Centlivre's  Works.    3  Vols. 

St.  Augustine's  City  of  God.    Folio.    2nd  Edition. 

Wanted  by  C?.  J.  Sheet,  10.  King  William  St.,  Charing  Cross,  W.C. 


Among  other  Papers  which  will  shortly  appear,  are  Another  Note  on 
the  Coruwallis  Papers,  bu  Air.  Fitz-Patriclc ;  Bishop  Bedell,  by  Rev. 
Mr.  May  or, Kirk  Session  Records  of  Hutton,  Berwickshire;  Tote  and 
All  Fools'  Day,  by  Mr.  Myers ;  Heralds'  Visitations,  Stc. 

J.  R.  The  report,  happily  unfounded,  of  the  death  of  Lord  Brougham 
was  announced  in  the  Morning  Post  and  Morning  Chronicle  of  October 
22nd,  1839,  but  contradicted  in  The  Times  oftJie  same  day. 

E.  S.  J.  whose  Queries  on  Syr  Tryamoure  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  of 
Sept.  \7th,  and  Oxoniensis,  whose  Query  respecting  Shawl  at  Leybourne 
appeared  in  our  last  ^o.,are  requested  to  say  where  letters  may  be  ad- 
dressed to  them. 

Scrutator.  Camden,  in  his  Remains,  says  "  Isabel  is  the  same  as 
Elizabeth,  if  the  Spaniards  do  not  mistake,  who  always  translate  Eliza- 
beth into  Isabel,  and  the  French  into  Isabeau."  See  N.  &  Q."  1st  S.  i. 
439.  488.;  ii.  159.264. 

A.  B.    Diphtheria  is  explained  in  oar  last  volume,  p.  48. 

"Notes  and  Qobhjbs"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
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all  CoMu  dnioations  for  the  Editor  should  be  addressed. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

%■  Iftbitttn  oi  Inta-Cwmmanxtatwrn 

for 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  4ef.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.  195.  —  September  24th. 

x\OTES:  — The  Lion  in  Italy,  by  Sir  G.  C.Lewis -Folk  Lore  :  One 
Magpie  —  Warts  —  Bees — Christmas  Eve  —  Sickening  Cake — Rus- 
tic Superstition  —  Saints'  Days  —  Custom  at  Farnborough  —  English 
and  Foreign  Custom  of  Eating  Goose  —  King  John  and  the  Jews  in 
Canterbury,  by  John  Brent  — County  Libraries,  by  Rev.  S.  F.  Cres- 
well  —  Flyleaf  Scribblings  —  Charter  of  Alexander  II. 

Minor  Notes  :  _  Rosenfeldians  and  Mormonites  —  Epigram  on  Caesar 
Borgia  —Walking  Stewart— Bearded  Women. 

QUERIES  :  —Biblical  Conjecture-Notes  :  the  right  Date  of  the  Epistle 
to  the  Hebrews,  by  Francis  Barham  — Lady  Culross's  Dream,  by 
Lady  Bulwer  Lytton. 

Minor  Queries  :  —  "  La  Th^balde:"  Remy's  "La  Pucelle"  — Jasper 
Runic  Ring  _  Dr.  Thomas  Brett  —  Archiepiscopal  Mitre  —  Baron  of 
Beef  at  Windsor  — Shawl,  at  Leyboum  — The  Frog  a  Symbol  — 
Dyche's  English  Dictionary,  by  Wm.  Pardon  —  Cranbrook  Grammar 
School  —  Battens  —  Bell  Metal  —  Norton  Family,  &c. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  — An  Almery- Gog  and  Magog  — 
"  HornChilde:  Child  Horn  "  — Lobster,  a  Nickname  for  Soldier  — 
Heraldic :  Arms  of  Greig  —  Leslie's  Answer  to  Abp.  King. 

REPLIES  :  — Major  Duncanson  and  the  Massacre  of  Glencoc,  by  T. 

Carter,  &c "  The  Wren  Song,"  by  Sir  J.  Emerson  Teunent,  &c.  — 

Henry  Smith,  by  B.  H.  Cowper. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  :  —  "  Life  is  before  ye !  "  —  Efford  _  Super- 
Altars— Vales  of  Red  and  White  Horse  — John  Anderson  —  Marat 
—  Bal lop— Scotch  Genealoffies  —  Extraordinary  Rjrth  —  Liverpool, 
Cespoole,  Lerpoole  — The  Vulgate  of  1482  — Pill-gar  lick  — Very — 
"  O  whar  got  ye  that  bonuie  blue  bonnet,"  &c. 

Notes  on  Books,  stc       

A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES  :  — 

First  Series,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  61.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  37.  13s.  6d.  cloth  ;  and 

General  Inder  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 


2'»'i  S.  VIII.,  Oct.  8.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  8.  1859. 


NO.  197,  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  Another  "  Note  to  the  Cornwallis  Papers,"  by  William  John 
Fltz-Patrick,  281  —Tote:  All  Fools'  Day,  &c.,  by  Oustavus  A.  Myers, 
282  —  Henry  Garnet,  283. 

SHAKsrEARiANA:  — Shakspeare  and  Chancer  on  the  Continent  —  Por- 
trait of  Shakspeare  — Shakspeare:  the  Homilies— Ducdfime —  Galh- 
mawfry  —  Tap  —  Shakspeare's  Latinity,  &c.,  284. 
Elegy  on  Hobbes  the  Atheist,  by  William  Henry  Hart,  286  —  Original 
letter  of  Neile,  Bishop  of  Durham,  recommending  Buckingham  as 
Candidate  for  the  Chancellorship  of  Cambridge  University,  1626,  by 
Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  287  — Oliver  Cromwell,  lb. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  A  Merry  Question  anent  the  Burning  of  a  Mill  —  The 
Mohawks  _ Proverbial  Expression  —  Scott's  Lines  on  Woman- 
Belies  of  the  Plague  of  London,  &c.,  288. 

QTTERIES  :— Washington  Letter,  by  Samuel  J.  May,  289  — Seals  of 
Officers  who  perished  in  Affghanistan,  by  E.  C.  Bayley,  lb. 

MixoB  QnsRiEs:  —  "  The  Tale  of  a  Tub  "  —  G.  Herbert  and  Theocritus 
—  Speed  of  Steamers  — Italian  Music  in  England  —  Schuyler  —  Epi- 
gram —  Will.  De  la  Grace  (Mareehall),  &c.,  290. 

Minor  Qderies  with  Answers:- The  Pope's  Title  — Mrs.  Grundy — 
The  Ballet  in  England  —  Cricket  —  Cracknells  —  Quotation,  293. 

REPLIES:— Cardinal  Wolsey,  294  — The  Lord  Mayor  of  Dublin:  "Rid- 
ing the  Franchises,"  by  S.  Redmond,  &c.,  295— Last  Wolf  in  Scotland, 
by  John  Maclean,  296. 

Repiies  to  Minor  Queries  :_  Sufiragan  Bishop  — Syr  Tryamoure  — 
Cross  and  Candlesticks  on  Super-altar- Bacon's  Essay  XLV. —Jas- 
per Runic  Ring  —  Louis  the  Fifteenth,  &c.,  296. 


ANOTHER    "NOTE    TO   THE   CORNWALLIS   PAPERS." 

The  Cornwallis  Correspondence  confirms  the 
allegation  that  Leonard  Mac  Nally,  the  confiden- 
tial law  adviser  to,  and  eloquent  counsel  for,  the 
leaders  of  the  Irish  rebellion  of  1798,  was  abso- 
lutely in  the  pay  of  the  unscrupulous  government 
of  that  day,  and  basely  betrayed  the  secrets  of  his 
confiding  clients.  Mac  Nally  had  been  himself  a 
member  of  the  Whig  Club,  and  the  Society  of 
United  Irishmen :  he  was  apparently  a  staunch 
democrat,  and  enjoyed  the  most  unlimited  con- 
fidence of  the  popular  party.  He  survived  until 
1820  ;  and  with  such  consummate  hypocrisy  was 
his  turpitude  veiled,  that  men  who  could  read  the 
inmost  soul  of  others  never  for  a  moment  sus- 
pected him !  The  late  W.  H.  Curran,  in  the  Life 
of  his  father  (i.^84-5.),  pronounces  a  brilliant 
eulogium  on  "  the  many  endearing  traits  "  in  Mac 
I^'ally's  character,  and  adds  that  he  (W.  H.  Cur- 
ran) is  filled  with  "  emotions  of  the  most  lively 
and  respectful  gratitude."  We  farther  learn  that 
"  for  three  and  forty  years  Mr.  Mac  Nally  was  the 
friend"  of  Curran,  and  that  "he  performed  the  du- 
ties of  the  relation  with  the  most  uncompromising 
and  romantic  fidelity."  Years  after,  when  the 
late  D.  Owen  Maddyn  urged  W.  H.  Curran  to 
bring  out  a  new  edition  of  the  Life  of  John  Phil- 
pot  Curran,  he  replied  that  it  would  be  impossible 
to  do  so,  as  he  should  have  to  cancel  the  passage 
to  which  I  have  referred,  and  indulge  in  severe 
reflections  upon  the  memory  of  Mac  Nally,  a  near 
relation  of  whom  was  practising  in  the  Court 
where  Mr.  W.  H.  Curran  sat  as  judge.  Mr,  Com- 
missioner Charles  Phillips,  who  practised  for  many 
years  at  the  same  bar  with  Mac  Nally,  thus  no- 


tices, in  one  of  the  last  editions  of  Curran  and 
his  Contemporaries,  the  report  that  Mac  Nally  had 
a  pension  :  — 

"  The  thing  is  incredible !  If  I  was  called  upon  to 
point  out,  next  to  Curran,  the  man  most  obnoxious  to 
the  Government  —  who  most  hated  them,  and  was  most 
hated  by  them  —  it  would  have  been  Leonard  Mac  Nally, 
That  Mac  Nally  who,  amidst  the  military  audience,  stood 
by  Curran's  side  while  he  denounced  oppression,  defied 
power,  and  dared  every  danger ! " 

After  the  death  of  Mac  Nally,  his  representa- 
tive claimed  a  continuance  of  the  secret  pension 
of  300^.  a  year,  which  he  had  been  enjoying  since 
the  calamitous  period  of  the  rebellion.  Lord  Wel- 
lesley,  the  Viceroy,  demanded  a  detailed  state- 
ment of  the  circumstances  under  which  the  unholy 
agreement  had  been  made  ;  and  after  some  hesita- 
tion it  was  furnished.  The  startling  truth  in  a 
short  time  became  generally  known.  O'Connell 
announced  the  fact  publicly,  and  used  it  as  an 
argument  for  dissuading  the  people  from  embark- 
ing in  treasonable  projects. 

The  MS.  volume  containing  "  an  Account  of 
the  Secret  Service  Money  Expenditure,"  which 
found  its  way  out  of  the  Castle  archives  some 
twenty  years  ago,  and  was  offered  for  sale  in 
Henry  Street,  Dublin,  by  a  second-hand  book- 
seller, records*  the  frequent  payment  of  large 
sums  to  Mac  Nally,  irrespective  of  his  pension, 
during  the  troubled  times  which  preceded  and 
followed  the  Union,  This  engine  of  corruption 
—  as  recorded  by  the  same  document — invariably 
passed  through  the  hands  of  a  Mr.  J.  Pollock, 

It  is  suggestive  of  intensely  melancholy  ideas  to 
glance  over  this  blood-tinged  record.  The  initials 
of  Mac  Nally  perpetually  rise  like  an  infernal 
phantom  through  its  pages.  Passing  over  the 
myriad  entries  throughout  the  interval  1797  to 
1803,  we  come  to  the  period  of  Robert  Emmet's 
insurrection.  In  the  State  Trials  we  find  Mac 
Nally,  on  September  19, 1803,  acting  as  counsel  for 
Emmet  at  the  Special  Commission.  Under  date 
September  14,   1803,  '■'■  L.  M.  lOOZ."  appears  on 

*  My  friend,  Doctor ,  has  given  me  the  following 

account  of  the  discovery  of  this  document :  "  When  Lord 
Mulgrave,  now  Marquis  of  Normanby,  was  Lord-Lieu- 
tenant of  Ireland,  some  official  in  Dublin  Castle  cleared 
out  and  sold  a  quantity  of  books  and  papers,  which  were 
purchased  in  one  lot  by  John  Feagan,  a  dealer  in  second- 
hand books  who  had  as  his  place  of  business  a  cellar  at 
the  comer  of  Henry  Street.  I  had  the  opportunity  of 
examining  the  entii-e  collection,  but  not  being  much  of 
a  politician,  I  only  selected  two  volumes.  Wade's  Cata- 
logue of  the  Plants  of  the  co.  Dublin^  and  the  Catalogue  of 
the  Pinelli  Library,  sold  in  London  a.d.  1789,  which  I 
bought  for  Is.  6d.  Thej',  and  the  others  of  the  collec- 
tion, had  each  a  red  leather  label,  on  which  in  large  gilt 
capitals  was  impressed, '  Library,  Dublin  Castle.'  Among 
them  was  the  MS.  account  of  the  expenditure  of  the 
Secret  Service  money,  and  of  which  I  was  the  first  to 
point  out  the  possible  value  when  it  was  about  to  be 
thrown,  with  various  useless  and  imperfect  books,  into 
waste  paper," 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59. 


record  in  the  Secret  Service  Money  Book.  Tliis 
retainer,  doubtless,  was  more  than  quadruple  the 
amount  of  poor  Emmet's  fee.  The  gifted  young 
Irishman  was  found  guilty  and  executed.  No  one 
is  permitted  to  see  him  in  prison,  but  Mac  Nally, 
who  pays  him  a  visit  on  the  morning  of  his  execu- 
tion, addresses  him  as  "  Robert,"  and  shows  him 
every  manifestation  of  affection.*  On  the  25  th 
August,  1803,  "Mr.  Pollock,  for  L.  M.,  lOOZ."  is 
also  recorded. 

The  masterly  manner  in  whicli  Mac  Nally  for- 
tified his  duplicity  is  worthy  of  attention.  As  I 
already  observed,  persons  usually  the  most  clear- 
sighted regarded  him  as  a  paragon  of  purity  and 
worth.  Defending  Finney,  in  conjunction  with 
Philpot  Curran,  the  latter  giving  way  to  the  im- 
pulse of  his  generous  feelings,  threw  his  arm  over 
the  shoulder  of  Mac  Nally,  and  with  emotion 
said ;  —  * 

"  '  Mj'  old  and  excellent  friend,  I  have  long  known  and 
respected  the  honesty  of  your  heart,  but  never  until  this 
occasion  was  I  acquainted  with  the  extent  of  your  abili- 
ties :  I  am  not  in  the  habit  of  paying  compliments  where 
they  are  undeserved.'  Tears  fell  from  Mr.  Curran  as  he 
hung  over  his  friend."  f 

Nineteen  years  after  Curran  died  ;  and  he  died 
with  the  illusion  undispelled.  From  the  FreemmCs 
Journal  of  Oct.  13,  1817,  we  gather  that  Judge 
Burton  wrote  from  London  to  Mac  Nally,  as  the 
old  and  dear  friend  of  Curran,  to  announce  the 
approaching  death  of  the  great  patriot. 

A  gentleman  who  conducted  the  leading  popu- 
lar paper  of  Dublin  some  forty  years  ago,  in 
a  communication  to  me  observes  :  — 

"  It  was  in  1811,  during  the  prolonged  trials  of  the 
Catholic  Delegates  (Lord  Fingal,  Sheridan,  Burke,  and 
Kirwan,)  that  doubts  were  first  entertained  of  Mac  Nally's 
fidelit}'.  Mac  Nally  took  a  leading  part  in  the  counsels 
of  the  Delegates  and  their  friends.  We  observed  that  the 
Orange  Attorney-General  Saurin  alwaj's  appeared  won- 
drously  well  prepared  next  day  for  the  arguments  which 
we  had  arranged.  Mac  Nally,  no  doubt,  used  to  com- 
municate to  the  law  officers  of  the  crown  all  the  secrets 
of  his  confiding  clients." 

James  ]\Iac  Guicken,  a  Belfast  attorney,  was  a 
leading  and  trusted  member  of  the  Northern 
Directory  of  the  United  Irishmen.  In  the  trials 
which  followed  the  partial  outbreak  in  1798,  Mac 
Guicken  constantly  figured  as  counsel  for  the 
rebel  leaders  of  Ulster.  This  man  was  also  tam- 
psred  with,  corrupted,  and  eventually  pensioned. 
He  survived  until  1817.  Exclusive  of  his  pen- 
sion he  received,  as  gentle  stimulants,  between 
March  1799  and  Feb.  1804,  the  sum  of  1460Z. 

The  world  now  knows  the  guilt  of  Mac  Nally 
and  Mac  Guicken.  Their  memory  has  been  exe- 
crated. But  surely  the  vile  seducer  of  these  once 
honourable  men  deserves  a  share  of  the  obloquy. 
Who   was    the    man   who    first   debauched    the 

•  Mad  den's  Life  of  Emmet,  p.  273. 
f  Life  of  Carran,  "by  his  Son,  i.  397. 


counsel  and  solicitor  of  the  United  Irishmen? 
"  Thereby  hangs  a  tale,"  which  I  must  reserve  for 
a  second  paper.      William  John  Fitz-Patrick. 

Kilmacud  Manor,  Dublin. 


TOTE  :     ALL   FOOLS     DAY,    ETC. 

I  am  a  constant  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  the 
fortunate  possessor  of  the  whole  from  the  begin- 
ning. Every  year  adds  to  its  value,  and  I  cor- 
dially congratulate  you  on  its  eminent  success. 
Permit  me  now  to  address  you  on  one  or  two 
subjects  which  have  Interested  me. 

The  word  tote,  used  as  a  verb,  has  often  at- 
tracted the  attention  of  our  philologists,  and 
various  have  been  the  conjectures  as  to  its  ety- 
mology. It  is  always  applied,  in  the  southern 
portion  of  the  United  States,  to  the  act  of  carry- 
ing an  object  from  one  place  to  another.  Webster 
in  his  Dictionary  defines  it  thus  :  "  Tote,  v.  t.  To 
carry,  to  bear;"  and  accompanies  it  with  this 
commentary  :  — 

"  A  word  used  in  slave-holding  countries,  said  to  have 
been  introduced  by  the  blacks.  This  word  is  said  also  to 
be  the  same  as  Tolt,  which  see,  the  I  being  omitted.  It 
is  much  used  in  the  Southern  and  Middle  United  States, 
is  occasionally  heard  in  New  England,  and  is  said  also  to 
be  used  in  England." 

The  word  tolt,  to  which  Webster  refers,  is  of 
course  familiar  to  the  legal  profession,  being  the 
name  of  a  writ  by  which  the  proceedings  on  a 
writ  of  right  are  removed  (carried)  from  the  Court 
Baron  into  the  County  Court,  the  precept  from 
the  sheriff  being  "  quia  tollit  atque  eximit  causam 
e  curia  baronura." — 3rd  Blachst.  Com.,  p.  34. 

I  have  very  little  doubt  that  the  word  really  is 
derived  from  the  Latin  tollo  ;  that  it  was  not  in- 
troduced by  the  "  blacks,"  but  by  our  English 
ancestors ;  that  it  is  the  same  as  toll,  the  I  being 
omitted ;  and  that  it  was  converted  into  the  verb 
to  tote,  being  found  a  short  and  convenient  syno- 
nyme  for  the  verbs  to  carry,  to  hear.  Is  it  used  in 
England,  and,  if  so,  in  what  sense  ?  If  it  be,  it  is 
difficult  to  conceive  that  it  was  introduced  the7-e 
by  the  blacks,  who  I  suspect  are  entirely  innocent 
of  the  charge.  The  fact  is  that  among  that  race 
we  frequently  hear  old  Saxon  words  used  in  their 
primitive  sense,  which  are  regarded  as  low,  and 
excluded  from  politer  circles.  For  example,  I 
have  heard  one  of  them  direct  another  "to  out  the 
light."  So,  too,  the  word  tliof  is  very  frequently 
used  by  them,  as  it  is  according  to  Richardson 
(Diet,  in  voce)  by  the  English  country  folks,  in- 
stead 0?  though,  and  in  precisely  the  same  sense. 

My  conjecture  is,  that  these  words  were  in 
common  use  by  our  early  English  settlers,  and 
that  the  blacks  caught  them  up,  and  have  used 
them  ever  since,  while  among  the  educated  classes 
they  have  become  obsolete. 

That  the  verb  to  tote  was  not  unknown  in  Eng- 


2"'i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


283 


land  at  a  comparatively  ancient  period,  appears 
from  two  passages  in  the  Plowman  s  Tale,  vol.  iv. 
pp.  73  and  85.,  Bell's  edition  of  Chaucer,  Edinb. 
1782. 

«  Who  toteth  on  'hem  ben  untall."— P.  73. 

And  again :  — 

"Tliei  toteth  on  the  summe  totall." — P.  85. 

I  am  aware  of  the  doubt  which  exists  about  the 
authorship  of  the  Ploionian's  Tale,  but  it  matters 
not  in  this  case,  as  it  is  obvious  that  the  word  is  a 
very  old  one.  It  surely  is  not  used  in  the  sense 
of  carrying  or  hearing  in  either  of  the  above  lines. 
It  would  rather  appear  to  mean  confiding,  trusting 
to,  unless  I  am  mistaken  in  the  signification  of  the 
context.  Will  some  of  your  correspondents  be 
kind  enough  to  refer  to  the  passages  indicated  and 
explain  them  ?  The  Glossaries,  as  far  as  I  have 
been  able  to  examine  them,  afford  no  assistance. 

There  is  another  subject  upon  which  I  will 
trouble  you.  Numerous  have  been  the  conjec- 
tures about  the  oi'igin  of  the  peculiar  observance 
of  the  1st  of  April,  "  All  Fools'  Day."  *  I  do  not 
know  that  any  of  them  have  satisfied  the  curious 
inquirers.  AVill  you  allow  me  to  add  another 
suggestion  to  those  which  have  already  been  of- 
fered, and  which,  as  far  as  I  recollect,  has  hitherto 
escaped  observation  ?  I  do  so  with  unfeigned  mo- 
desty, in  the  hope  of  eliciting  information,  which 
I  know  abounds  among  your  correspondents. 

In  L.  Apulei  Metamo?-phoseos  lib.  ii.  p.  41. 
1.  29.  edit.  Pricsei,  mdcl.,  this  passage  occurs  :  — 

"  Solemnis,  inquit,  dies  a  primis  cunabuUs  huju3  iirbis 
conditaj  crastinus  advenit,  quo  die  soli  mortalium  sanc- 
tissimum  deum  Risum  bilaro  atque  gandiali  ritu  propi- 
tiamua.  Hunc  tua  prsesentia  nobis  efRciat  gratiorem. 
Atque  utinam  aliquid  de  proprio  lepore  liBtiticum  hono- 
rando  Deo  comminiscaris,  quo  magis  pleniusque  tanto 
numini  litemus." 

I  have  italicised  the  words  "  soli  mortalium," 
to  call  attention  to  the  circumstance  that  the  cele- 
bration of  the  festival  of  the  god  Risus  was  then 
confined  to  the  Hypatasi,  according  to  Byrrhajna's 
assurance.  Was  the  Roman  festival  called  Hi- 
laria,  or  Hilaria  Matris  Deum,  the  same  ?  This, 
according  to  Macrobius  {Saturnalia,  i.  21.),  was 
on  the  8th  day  before  the  Calends  (or  1st)  of 
April,  corresponding  to  the  25th  of  March,  "  quo 
primum  tempore,  sol  diem  longiorem  nocte  pro- 
tendit,"  and  the  sports  indulged  in  on  that  occa- 
sion are  referred  to  by  Flavins  Vopiscus,  Div. 
Aurel.  ].,  are  commented  upon  by  Salmasius, 
upon  their  authority  described  by  Smith  in  his 
Dictionary  of  Greek  and  Roman  Antiquities,  under 
the  head  of  Hilaeia,  and  bear  a  strong  resem- 

[*  Vide  Rev.  Peter  Roberts's  Cambrian  Popular  Anti- 
quities (8vo.  Lond.  1815),  where  he  traces  the  custom  to 
the  festival  which  was  held  at  the  time  of  the  vernal 
equinox,  or  "first  day  of  the  first  month"  of  the  Jews; 
on  which  day  Noah  sent  the  raven  out  of  the  ark  upoii  its 
bootless  expedition.    Pp.  113 — 117.  inclusive. — Ed.] 


blance  as  well  to  the  ancient  celebration  described 
by  Apuleius  as  to  that  which  prevailed  in  modern 
times.  I  say  prevailed,  for  I  believe  the  worship 
of  the  god  Risus  is  very  generally  abandoned  in 
these  matter-of-fact  da}'?.  The  readers  of  Apu- 
leius well  know  that  Lucius  having  accepted 
Byrrhajna's  invitation,  was  made  the  subject  of 
as  pretty  an  April-fool's  trick  as  has  probably 
ever  been  practised  since. 

I  have  already  extended  this  paper  to  an  un- 
reasonable length,  and  must  apologise  for  doing 
so  ;  but  really  the  admirable  character  of  "  N".  & 
Q."  tempts  me,  whenever  in  pursuit  of  informa- 
tion, to  resort  to  your  correspondents  with  almost 
a  positive  certainty  of  obtaining  that  which  I  seek. 
Indeed  your  periodical  may  justly  be  regarded  as 
converting  the  world  into  a  literary  club. 

I  observe  that  most  of  your  correspondents 
write  under  their  real  names.  I  give  you  mine,  as 
I  did  in  a  Query  I  formerly  addressed  to  you  on 
the  subject  of  the  Washington  Eagle,  which  you 
so  kindly  and  promptly  replied  to. 

GusTAvus  A.  Myeks. 

Richmond,  Virginia,  U.  S.  A., 
September  8,  1859. 


HENRY   GARNET. 

The  columns  of  "N".  &  Q."  have  often  been  of 
great  service  in  rescuing  from  oblivion  many  curi- 
ous documents,  and  numerous  waifs  and  strays  of 
English  history,  which  otherwise,  to  this  day,  would 
probably  have  remained  unknown. 

Lying  almost  illegible  in  the  State  Paper  Office, 
and  becoming  if  possible  more  illegible  every  day, 
are  many  letters  of  historical  interest,  dated  from 
the  Tower  of  London,  and  written  in  lemon  juice, 
all  of  them  in  the  handwriting,  and  nearly  all 
bearing  the  signature,  of  Henry  Garnet,  the 
Jesuit. 

The  following  letter,  never  to  my  knowledge 
before  printed,  I  think  worthy  of  being  published 
here.  The  original  is  calendared  in  "  The  Gun- 
powder Plot  Book,"  No.  241. 

It  will  be  understood  that  the  first  part,  writ- 
ten in  ink,  was  of  no  moment,  but  was  intended 
to  be  seen  by  the  Officials  in  the  Tower,  and  meant 
to  blind  them.  The  pith  was  contained  in  the 
part  written  in  lemon  juice.  These  letters  at- 
tracted attention  from  their  wide  margins  and  in- 
significant contents. 

(7h  inh.') 

"  I  pray  you  lett  these  spectacles  be  set  in  leather,  and 
with  a  leather  case,  and  lett  the  fould  be  fytter  for  y" 
nose. 

«  Y"  for  ever,  H.  G. 

"  IIenky  Gahnett." 
(On  the  back  in  lemon  juice.') 

"  This  Bearer  knoweth  that  1  write  this,  but  thinks  it 
must  be  read  with  water.  The  paper  seut  with  bisket 
bread  I  was  forced  to  burn,  and  did  not  read.  I  pray 
write  again. 


284 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2°*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8,  '59. 


"  I  have  acknowledged  that  I  went  from  Sir  Evereds 
to  Coughton,  and  stayed  2  or  3  daj'es  after  my  lady  went 
to  London,  and  then  rode  away  alone. 

"  Also  that  Bates  and  Greenway  mett  by  chaunce,  and 
Greenway  said  all  Catholicks  were  undone,  not  as  they 
would  have  it  that  Jesuits  only  were  discredited.  I  read 
the  letter  before  Bates  and  Greenwaj-.  My  Lady  Digby 
came  in.     What  did  shee?    Alas,  what  but  cry. 

"  My  answer  was  to  Bates  by  word  of  mouth.  I  am 
sorry  they  haue  without  advise  of  frends  adventured  in  so 
ivicked  an  action.  Lett  them  desist.  In  Wales  I  neither 
can  nor  will  assist  them.  And  if  Wales  were  so  disposed 
as  they  require,  j^et  were  all  too  late. 

"  I  must  needs  acknowledge  my  being  with  the  two 
sisters,  and  that  at  White  webbs  as  is  trew,  for  they  are 
so  jealous  of  White  webbs  that  I  can  in  no  way  else 
satisfy.  My  names  1  all  confess  but  that  Last.  Appoint 
some'place  neere  where  this  bearer  may  meete  some  trusty 
frend.    Where  is  M"  Anne  ?  " 

No  date.  No  endorsement ;  but  written  ap- 
parently in  February,  1603-6.  W.  O.  W. 


SHAKSFEABIANA. 

Shdkspeare  and  Chaucer  on  the  Continent.  — 
The  Germans  boast  that  they  have  adopted  Shak- 
speare  as  one  of  their  own  children,  and  cherish 
a  love  and  veneration  for  him  of  corresponding 
intensity.  The  translations  of  his  dramas  with 
which  Schlegel,  Tieck,  and  others  have  enriched 
their  native  literature,  fully  entitle  them  to  take 
a  high  tone  in  their  remarks  and  criticisms  on  the 
great  bard  of  Avon ;  and  we  are  not  surprised  to 
hear  that  Ulrici,  one  of  the  most  distinguished 
among  German  commentators  on  Shakspeare,  in 
a  recent  review  of  Tycho-Mommsen's  critical 
edition  of  Romeo  and  Juliet,  expresses  a  hope  that 
his  country's  scholars  will  henceforward  bestow 
on  Shakspeare  that  philological  profoundness  and 
scientific  criticism  which  they  have  devoted,  with 
so  much  success,  to  Classical  and  Oriental  litera- 
ture. Mommsen's  Romeo  and  Juliet  (Oldenberg, 
1859),  consists  of  a  careful  reprint  of  the  first  two 
4to.  editions  of  the  play  (1597  and  1599),  the  first 
of  which  is  pronounced  clearly  to  have  been  a 
pirated  edition,  printed  without  the  knowledge  or 
permission  of  the  author.  The  second  edition,  in 
all  probability,  was  the  only  one  in  which  Shaks- 
peare took  any  part,  and  is,  therefore,  entitled  to 
be  considered  of  decisive  authority.  Mommsen 
has  inserted  the  various  readings  with  a  valuable 
introduction,  containing  essays  on  the  structure 
of  Shakspeare's  verse,  the  syncope  of  some  gram- 
matical terminations,  &c. 

While  Germany  is  occupied  with  Shakspeare,  a 
French  scholar  has  devoted  an  8vo.  volume  to  an 
E'tude  sur  Chaucer,  considere  comme  Imitateur  des 
Trouveres.  The  author  is  M,  E.  G.  Sandras, 
Agrege  of  the  University.  M.  Sandras  states  in 
his  introduction  that  he  was  induced  to  undertake 
the  work,  because  the  greater  part  of  the  writers 
who  supplied  Chaucer  with  his    materials  were 


Frenchmen,  whose  rights  have  not  hitherto  been 
sufficiently  established.  In  inquiring  after  the 
different  masters  who  inspired  the  muse  of  Chau- 
cer, the  author  thinks  he  has  written  a  page  in  the 
literary  history  of  his  country :  and  we  are  sure 
that  his  researches  will  be  received  with  respect 
and  gratitude  by  English  scholars.  J.  M. 

Oxford. 


Portrait  of  Shdkspeare.  —  In  the  possession  of 
Mr.  Archer,  of  the  Royal  Library,  Weymouth,  is 
an  oil  painting  representing  a  man  apparently  of 
thirty-two  years  of  age,  or  thereabouts,  with  small 
pointed  beard  and  moustache,  and  large  rufl'.  In 
the  upper  right  hand  corner  (facing  the  spectator) 
is  written  in  yellow  paint  in  an  Italic  hand,  "  W. 
Shakespeare."  I  believe  Mr.  Archer  obtained  it 
from  a  family  at  Bath.  The  picture  is  apparently 
as  old  as  Shakspeare's  time.  Of  its  authenticity 
I  offer  no  opinion,  but  merely  wish  to  make  a 
Note  of  the  circumstance.  I  shall  add  that, 
speaking  from  recollection,  it  has  a  great  simi- 
larity to  the  Chandos  Portrait,  but  represents  a 
younger  man.  Arthur  Paget. 

Cranmore. 


Shakspeare :  the  Homilies. — Read  as  they  were 
over  and  over  again  in  church,  the  Homilies  could 
not  fail  to  leave  many  of  their  thoughts  and 
phrases  impressed  upon  the  minds  of  the  learners. 
But  there  is  a  very  familiar  passage  in  Shakspeare 
which  shows  their  influence  upon  the  poet  like- 
wise :  — 

"  Who  steals  my  purse,"  &c. 

Othello,  iii.  3. 

"  And  many  times  cometh  less  hurt  of  a  thief  than  of 
a  railing  tongue :  for  the  one  taketh  away  a  man's  good 
name ;  the  other  taketh  but  his  riches,  which  is  of  much 
less  value  and  estimation  than  is  his  good  name." — 
Homily  against  Contention,  p.  137.* 

E.  Marshall. 

Oxford. 


Ducddme.  —  As  You  like  it.  Act  II.  Sc.  5.  —  Sir 
Thomas  Hanmer  thought  this  word  to  be  a  cor- 
ruption of  the  Latin,  due  ad  me,  "lead  him  to  me." 
Farmer,  Malone,  and  most  others  not  being  satis- 
fied with  this  interpretation,  have  considered  it 
"  a  word  coined  for  the  nonce."  Is  it  not  lite- 
rally as  written  due  da  me,  "  lead  him  from  me  ?  " 
Amiens  has  been  describing  the  generous  soul  "who 
does  ambition  shun,"  &c.,  and  welcomes  him  with 
a  "  come  hither,  come  hither."  Jaques  is  describ- 
ing the  opposite  character  who  thinks  "  a  stubborn 
will  to  please,"  and  goes  on  with  his  parody,  "  keep 
him  from  me,"  instead  of  "  come  hither."  Da  is 
the  Italian  preposition  "  from,"  answering  to  the 
Latin  a,  ab,  abs.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

*  Preface,  p.  xxix. ;  Homilies,  Oxf.  1869.  ed.  Griffiths. 


2"d  s.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


GaUimawfry,  —  in  the  glossaries  is  interpreted 
"  a  medley,"  "  a  confused  Leap  of  things ;"  and  this 
might  be  the  meaning  in  the  Winter's  Tale,  Act 
IV.  Sc.  3.,  did  we  meet  with  it  in  no  other  passage. 
But  in  the  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  II.  Sc. 
1.,  Pistol,  talking  to  Ford  of  his  wife,  says  — 
"  He  loves  thy  galliniawfry ;  Ford,  perpend !  " 

Of  course  the  word  as  given  above  would  be  non- 
sense applied  to  a  lady,  and  it  could  not  be  a  term 
of  reproach,  or  Pistol  would  not  dare  to  use  it  to 
Ford's  face.  Is  it  not  derived  from  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  gal,  light,  pleasant,  and  mauther  or  maufer, 
a  provincial  term  for  a  lass,  derived,  says  Spel- 
mau,  from  the  Danish  ?  The  "  gallimawfry  of 
gambols,"  in  the  Winter's  Tale  (supra),  would  then 
.probably  mean  such  gambols  as  young  girls  play. 

A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner. 


Fap.  —  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  I.  Sc.  1. 
— Bardolph,  when  describing  how  Slender  got  tipsy, 
and  had  his  pocket  picked,  says,  "  the  gentleman 
had  drunk  himself  out  of  his  five  sentences,  and 
being  fap,  was,  as  they  say,  cashiered."  The  com- 
mentators simply  say  in  a  note  "  fap,  i.  e.  drunk." 
There  seems,  however,  to  be  no  word  like  this  in 
any  language ;  besides  Bardolph  has  just  said  he 
was  drunk.  Is  not  the  true  reading  "  sap,"  being 
silly,  weak,  sappy,  he  suffered  his  pocket  to  be 
picked?  The  sap  or  soft  part  of  timber  has 
always  been  considered  a  type  of  a  weak  person. 

A.  A. 

Poets'  Comer. 


Fair  lined  Slippers.  —  In  the  beautiful  pastoral 
of  Chr.  Marlowe,  "  Come,  live  with  me,  and  be  my 
love,"  referred  to  by  Shakspeare  in  the  Merry 
Wives  of  Windsor,  occurs  a  line,  the  reading  of 
which  appears  to  me  to  be  capable  of  emenda- 
tion :  — 

"  A  gown  made  of  the  finest  wool, 

Which  from  our  pretty  lambs  we  pull : 

Fair  lined  slippers  for  the  cold, 

With  buckles  of  the  purest  gold." 

Should  we  not  read  "  rmV-lined,"  or  '■'•fur- 
lined,"  slippers  ?  Fair  lined  seems  poor,  espe- 
cially as  we  have  just  had  pretty  lambs ;  and  vair 
and  fair  are  so  similar  in  sound  as  to  be  easily 
confounded.  Cjbtlonensis. 

[Walton's  version  of  this  pastoral,  in  his  Complete  An- 
gler, contains  several  variations ;  among  others  one  in  the 
third  line  of  the  verse  quoted  above,  which  reads :  — 
"  A  gown  made  of  the  finest  wool, 
Which  from  our  pretty  Iambs  we  pull ; 
Slippers,  lin'd  choicely  for  the  cold, 
With  buckles  of  the  purest  gold."] 


Shahspeare's  Latinity.  —  I  was  reading  Bishop 
Hall's  treatise,  Heaven  upon  Earth,  this  morning, 
when  I  observed  that  he  there  alludes  to  persons 


"  of  firm  and  obdurate  foreheads,"  to  which  ex- 
pression a  note  is  subjoined  (in  Cattermole's  edi- 
tion), stating  that  such  is  a  proverbial  Latin 
idiom ;  a  person  lost  to  shame  being  said  to  be 
"  duraj  et  perfricataj  frontis."  Now,  Shakspeare 
uses  the  expression  "  mdiashful  forehead."  *"  Qy., 
Was  Shakspeare  therefore  acquainted  with  this 
Latin  idiom  ?  John  Peat,  M.A. 

Weald  Parsonage. 

Allusion  to  the  Play  of  "Hamlet "  in  1596.  — 

"  And  looks  as  pale  as  the  visard  of  y«  ghost  which 
cried  so  miserably  at  y«  Theater  like  an  oister  wife  '  Ham- 
let revenge.'  "  —  Lodge's  Incarnate  Devils,  1596,  p.  56. 

Ithl'biel. 


Early  Allusion  to  Shakspeare. — Amongst  a  col- 
lection of  poems,  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, formerly  in  the  possession  of  Dr.  Bliss,  and 
noted  by  him  as  collected  by  Clement  Paman,  we 
find  one   called   "A   Poetical  Revenge,"  which 
alludes  to  the  plays  of  Shakspeare  :  — 
"  But  ere  I  farre  did  gee 
I  flunge  y''  darts  of  wounding  poetrie 
These  two  or  three  sharpe  curses  backe.     May  he 
Be  by  his  father  in  his  study  tooke, 
At  Shakespeare's  Playes  instead  of  the  L<i  Cooke." 

Ithuriel. 


Shakspeare  Music.  —  As  everything  relating  to 
Shakspeare  has  its  interest,  one  would  like  to  see 
a  list  of  the  musical  compositions  to  his  poetry. 
Some  of  bis  songs  have  been  set  to  music  several 
times,  and  in  those  cases  where  any  one  of  the 
composers  has  been  strikingly  successful,  it  would 
be  very  curious  to  see  the  less  fortunate  attempts 
at  the  same  words.  Thus,  Purcell's  setting  of 
"Full  fathom  five"  is  famous,  but  there  are  at 
least  two  other  settings  in  existence :  one  by 
Banister,  in  Charles  ll.'s  time,  and  one  by  Han- 
del's friend,  John  Christopher  Smith,  which  has 
even  attained  to  the  honour  of  being  reprinted 
(twice,  I  think  f).  Again,  Purcell's  setting  of 
"  Come  unto  these  yellow  sands,"  is  the  univer- 
sally received  one ;  there  ai-e,  however,  at  least 
two  other  settings  in  the  field  :  one  by  Banister, 
and  one  (as  a  glee)  by  Sir  John  Stevenson.  Then 
there  is  Dr.  Arne's  happy  conception  of  "  Where 
the  bee  sucks,"  of  which  song  it  may  be  noted 
that  there  are  at  least  four  other  settings  extant : 
one  by  Pelham  Humphrey  J,  one  by  Dr.  John 


*  As  You  Like  It,  Act  II.  Sc.  3. 

t  In  Mr.  E.  Loder's  arrangement  of  J.  C.  Smith's  "  Full 
fathom  five"  (1850),  the  music  is  transposed  from  the 
original  key  of  E  flat,  into  D.  Purcell's  chorus,  "  Sea- 
nj'mphs  hourly  ring  his  knell,"  belonging  to  his  own 
setting  of  "  Full  fathom  five,"  has  been  added  by  Mr. 
Loder  to  J.  C.  Smith's  song,  but  without  any  intimation 
of  the  authorship. 

J  Pelham  Humphrej'  is  mentioned  several  times  by 
Pepys  in  his  Diary.    The  printed  music  of  his  composi- 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59. 


"VVilson  (as  a  glee),  to  be  found  in  Playford's 
JSImlcal  Companion  (1672)  ;  one  by  J.  C.  Smith, 
in  his  opera  of  The  Fairies ;  and  another  by  no 
less  a  man  than  Purcell  himself,  as  Dr.  Kimbault, 
who  possesses  the  music,  has  informed  us  (see 
"  K  &  Q.,"  1*'  S.  ii.  496.)  Alfred  RorrB. 


Shakespeare,  Sherloch,  and  Sterne.  —  In  the 
parish  church  of  Witton,  near  North  Walsham, 
Norfolk,  among  other  monuments  to  the  memory 
of  the  Norris  family,  who  formerly  resided  there, 
is  one  to  the  memory  of  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Jno. 
Norris,  Esq.,  the  founder  of  the  Divinity  Profes- 
sorshijj  at  Cambridge  which  bears  his  name.  This 
monument  consists  of  an  oval  marble  slab,  resting 
on  a  Grecian  moulding,  supported  on  one  side  by 
a  weeping  cherub,  at  whose  feet  is  a  shield  bearing 
Norris  and  Piayters  ;  on  the  other  side  is  a  pile 
of  books  surmounted  by  a  lamp  kindled.  The 
volumes,  which  are  four  in  number,  are  inscribed 
as  follows,  commencing  from  the  bottom  :  Sher- 
lock, Holy  Bible,  Shakespeare,  Sterne.  The  fol- 
lowing is  the  inscription  :  — 

"ELIZABETH  NORRIS, 

Wife  of  JOHN  NORRIS,  Esq"-., 

and  only  Daughter  of 

JOHN  PLATTERS  of  Yelverton,  Esq'"''., 

Left  this  World  on  Dec  1st,  17G9, 

la  the  28lh  Year  of  her  Age. 

"  And  13 your  poor  Husband  reserved  to  this  office? 

Ah,  that  TRUTH  now  descended  to  save  me  from  it. 

So  beautiful,  with  such  a  character  of  meaning,  so  very 

innocent,  with  so  much  animation.  She  look'<^  like  Nature 

in  the  world's  first  Spring.  Talents  inventive,  discerning, 

judicious,  eloquent :   rare  combination !    She  was  always 

NEW, 

enchanting  with  Magic  all  her  own,  by  her  heart  I  felt 

myself  perpetuallj'  reminded  of  the  Picture  (13.  1st  Cor.) 

which  1  once  drew  of  Charity;  but  there  was  one  feature 

more  properly  the  same  than  like.     Seeketh  not  her  own 

and  as  to  her  religious  temper,  it  was  exactly  this, 

" resigned  when  ills  betide. 

Patient  when  favors  are  denied. 

And  pleas'd  with  favors  giv'n, 

TRUTH, 

Now  Truth  if  thou  cmi'st  add,  this  Prize 

of  Heaven  was  bestowed  upon  a  man, 

u'ho  knew  its  Value, 

be  that  his  Epitaph. 

JOHN  NORRIS 

left  this  World  the  5th  of  Janr, 

1777.    ^Et43." 

The  quotations  which  are  used  to  describe  this 
truly  "  rare  combination  "  are  doubtless  extracted 
from  the  authors  whose  names  are  on  the  books, 
the  reference  to  13.  1st  Cor.  accounting  for  the 
presence  of  the  Holy  Bible. 

I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of  your  readers  will  in- 
form me  whereabouts  in  their  works  these  quota- 
tions are  to  be  found  ;  that  commencing,  "  And  is 
your  poor  husband,  &c.,"  I  imagine  to  be  from 

tion  is  headed  as  "  A  Song  in  the  Machines,  bv  Ariel's 
Spirits." 


Sterne,  but  I  do  not  know  which  part  of  this 
composition  must  be  assigned  to  Shakspeare  and 
Sherlock.  G.  W.  W.  M. 


"  Ptit  in  the  pilie  with  a  vice  "  (2"'*  S.  vii.  353.) — 
In  the  article  on  Shakspeare  by  Mr.  Wiixiam 
J.  Thoms,  as  above,  he  finds  a  difficulty  in  the 
passage  in  Much  Ado  about  Nothing, 

"You  must  put  in  the  pikes  with  a  vice." 

I  may  be  in  error,  but  the  allusion  seems  to  me  to 
be  plain  enough.  The  buckler  or  target  common 
at  the  time  was  often  furnished  with  a  steel  pike 
in  the  centre,  screwed  into  the  boss  or  umbo. 
In  order  to  secure  properly  in  its  place  an  instru- 
ment of  this  nature,  sharp  at  the  point  and  edges, 
a  vice  or  some  such  tool  would  be  required ; 
without  such  aid  the  pikes  would  be  "  dangerous 
weapons  for  maids"  in  the  literal  sense  of  the  pas- 
sage alone.  W.  J.  Berkhakr  Smitu. 
Temple. 


ELEGY  ON  nOBBES  THE  ATHEIST. 

The  following  elegy  on  Hobbes,  the  atheist, 
may  not  be  uninteresting  to  your  readers.  It  is 
copied  from  a  volume  of  broadsides  which  I  lately 
had  the  opportunity  of  inspecting  at  the  Cathe- 
dral Library,  Lincoln.  At  the  top  of  this  docu- 
ment is  a  device,  consisting  of  a  scroll  containing 
a  death's  head  in  the  centre,  and  the  motto  "  me- 
mento niori;"  with  cross  bones,  and  an  hour-glass 
on  either  side.  William  Henry  Hart. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park,  Streatham. 

"  AN    ELEGY   TPOX    Mlt.   THOMAS    HOBBES    OF  MAI.:M1;s- 
BUKY,   LATELY   DECEASED. 

"  Is  he  then  dead  at  last,  whom  vain  i-eport 
So  often  had  feign'd  mortal  in  meer  sport  ? 
Whom  we  on  earth  so  long  alive  might  see, 
AVe  thought  he  here  had  immortality. 
As  he,  like  what  he  wrote,  could  not  expire, 
Whom  all  that  did  not  love,  did  3-et  admire. 
For  who  his  writings  still  accus'd  in  vain, 
Were  taught  by  him,  of  whom  thej'  did  complain. 
Some  authors  vented  have  more  truths ;  but  so 
If  truths  they  be,  'tis  more  than  we  can  know. 
He  with  such  art  deceiv'd,  that  none  can  say 
If  his  be  errours,  where  his  errour  la}'. 
If  he  mistakes,  'tis  still  with  so  much  wit, 
He  erres  more  pleasingly  than  others  hit. 
For  there  are  counterfeits  of  truth,  w'hich  are 
In  shew  more  truths  than  truths  themselves  appear. 
As  nature  in  meer  sport  hath  fram'd  some  Apes 
Neerer  to  men,  than  some  in  humane  shapes ; 
AH  were  by  him  so  plausibly  misled. 
The}-  chose  to  lose  the  way  with  such  a  guide. 
And"  wander  pleasantly  rather  than  be 
In  the  right  way  with  duller  companie. 

With  ill  success,  some  fond  disputers  strove, 
What  Doctrines  he  had  planted,  to  remove  ; 
And  justly  are  they  blam'd  :  for  that  Disease 
Is  ill  remov'd,  which  more  than  health  does  please. 
And  who  delightful  frenzies  entertain. 
When  undeceiv'd,  do  of  their  cure  complain. 


2n<»  S.  VIII.  Ocr.  8.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2fi7 


With  such  sweet  force  he  does  our  tli  oughts  invade, 
That  where  he  cannot  teach,  he  does  perswade. 
And  we  that  read  liis  writings  wish  them  true, 
If  we  do  not  believe  them  to  be  so. 
If  he  be  in  the  wrong,  we  hold  it  still, 
Kecause  the  right  appears  not  half  so  well. 
Who  so  would  mend  his  faults  must  make  a  blot, 
Maj'  be  more  truth,  but  most  will  like  it  not. 
Tor  though  fair  vertue  Plato  wisht  to  see. 
Yet  vice  as  fair  will  please  no  less  than  she. 
Why  are  temptations  names  for  what  is  ill  ? 
But  that  her  charms  are  most  prevailing  still. 
Or  vice  call'd  Pleasures?    But  to  shew  alone, 
That  Vice  and  Pleasure  in  effect  are  one. 
Hence  came  our  wit  to  think  there  was  no  Devil ; 
Or  if  he  tempter  was,  he  was  not  evil : 
And  finding  him  drest  in  a  different  fashion, 
According  to  the  humour  of  each  nation, 
And  that  the  Indians  were  in  this  so  civil. 
To  whiten  him  we  black'ned  for  the  devil. 
He  thought  that  he  was  black  or  M-hite,  and  Saint  or 
Devil,  according  as  it  pleased  the  painter. 
And  vice  and  vertue  both  were  our  opinion, 
And  vari'd  with  the  laws  of  each  dominion. 
To  which  who  did  conform  was  understood. 
As  their  modes  differ'd,  to  be  bad  or  good." 


"  EPITAPH. 

"  Is  Atheist-Hobbes  then  dead !  forbear  to  cry ; 
For,  whilst  he  liv'd,  he  thought  he  could  not  dy. 
Or  was  at  least  most  filthy  loath  to  try. 

"  Leviathan  the  great  is  fain !  But  see 
The  small  Behemoths  of  his  Progenie 
Survive  to  duel  all  Divinitie. 

"  Whither  he's  gone,  becomes  not  us  to  say, 
The  Narrow  upper,  or  the  Broad  low  way : 
For  who  own'd  neither  well,  may  hap  to  stray. 

"  Most  think  old  Tom,  with  a  recanting  verse, 
Must  his  odde  notions  dolefully  rehearse 
To  new  disciples  in  the  Devil's  Ar . 

"  In  fine,  after  a  thousand  shams  and  fobbs, 
Ninet}-  years  eating,  and  immortal  Jobbs, 
Here  Mattek  lies,  —  and  there's  an  end  of  Hobbes." 

"  Aliud, 
•  Here  lies  Tom  Hobbes,  the  Bug-bear  of  the  Nation, 
Whose  Death  hath  frighted  Atheism  out  of  Fashion." 

"  Finis. 
«  Printed  in  the  year  1679." 


ORIGINAL    LETTER    OF    KEILE,    BISHOP    OF   DURHAM, 
I      BECOMMEKDING  BUCKINGHAM  AS  CANDIDATE  FOR 
THE    CHANCELLORSHIP    OF    CAMBRIDGE   UNIVER- 
SITY, 1626. 

The  part  played  by  the  King  and  Commons  in 
tlie  contest  between  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  and 
the  Earl  of  Berkshire  makes  it  a  matter  of  na- 
tional, as  well  as  of  local,  interest.  Your  readers 
may  therefore  be  pleased  to  see  a  letter  from 
Bishop  Neile,  proving  the  exertions  made  by 
Charles  in  behalf  of  the  impeached  favourite.  Mr. 
Cooper  (Annals  of  Cambridge,  iii.  185.)  has  printed 
a  letter  from  Neile  to  tlie  Vice-chancellor,  in 
which  he  refers  to  this,  but  I  believe  that  it  has 


never  before  appeared  in  print.  The  original, 
with  the  bishop's  seal,  is  preserved  in  the  Treasury 
of  St.  John's  College,  together  with  a  large  mass 
of  correspondence  of  the  same  date.  Dr.  Gwyn, 
I  may  notice  by  the  way,  appears  to  have  been 
very  careful  in  preserving  all  documents  which 
might  throw  light  upon  the  history  of  the  Univer- 
sity or  College.  The  letter  is  addressed  "  To  j^ 
R'  Wor"  my  very  loving  good  friend  Mr.  Doctor 
Gwyn,  M""  of  St.  John's  CoUedge  in  Cambridge." 
"  Good  Master  of  S'  John's, 

"  In  my  love  to  our  Mother  y^  Universitie, 
yo*^  selfe,  &  our  Colledge,  I  cannot  conceale  from 
you  a  passage  w"^*"  I  had  yesternight  with  his 
Ma"'-'  touching  our  Chancello''ship  by  occasion  of 
my  Lord  of  Suffolk's  death.  Wherin  his  Ma"" 
signified  his  wishing  y'  y''  universitie  would 
choose  my  L''  Duke  of  Buckingham,  &  that  it 
would  well  please  Him  to  have  it  presently  ef- 
fected ;  by  w'^''  overture  of  his  Ma*'''''  Inclination 
herein  I  doe  conceive  y'  in  y^  doing  therof  we 
shall  not  only  gaine  an  honorable  Chaucello"'  of 
y^  Duke  of  Buckingham,  but  in  a  sort  purchase 
his  Ma""'  himself,  our  Royall  Patron  &  Chancel- 
lour,  in  that  we  fixe  our  Election  upon  Him  whom 
Himself  desireth.  This  I  held  it  my  duty  to  im- 
part unto  you,  hoping  that  you  will  by  all  good 
meanes  further  it,  &  you  may  make  y"^  substance  of 
this  my  letter  knowne  to  such  of  o'  friends  as  you 
think  fitt  to  soUicite  in  it.  So  w***  my  very  harty 
Comendacous  to  yo""  self,  &  all  o""  friends,  nos  Deo, 
"  &  I  rest 

"jo"^  very  loving  friend, 

"K.  DUSELM. 

"  Durham  house, 
"May29,  1G26." 

J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


OLIVER    CROMWELL. 

There  appear  to  have  been  three  or  four  Oli- 
ver Cromwells  living  about  the  same  period,  — 

Sir  Oliver  Cromwell  of  Hinchinbrooke,  who 
died  1655,  a3t.  93. 

Oliver  Cromwell,  son  of  the  preceding. 

Oliver  Cromwell,  son  of  the  Earl  of  Ardglass. 

Oliver  Cromwell,  son  of  Sir  Oliver,  brother  of 
Sir  Philip,  living  1646,  and  died  in  Ireland. 

Oliver  Cromwell  the  Protector. 

Oliver  Cromwell,  his  son. 

The  subjoined  letter,  copy  of  which  is  in  my 
possession,  must  be  one  of  the  above.  Am  I  cor- 
rect in  ascribing  it  to  the  Protector  Oliver  ? 

"  Sir,  My  Lord  Cromwell  upon  the  putting  in 
of  his  particuler  into  Gouldsmiths  Hall,  knowing 
what  the  whole  value  of  his  estate  amounted  unto 
yearely,  gave  it  in  att  470"  in  generall,  which  was 
the   true  value  of  the  whole  lying  in  severall 


288 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8. '5P, 


countyes.  But  not  being  soe  perfect  in  the  par- 
ticuler  values  of  the  severall  parcells  of  his  estate, 
haveing  trusted  it  constantly  to  the  mannaging 
of  others,  did  give  in  his  lands  in  Staffordshire, 
Derbyshire,  and  Cheshire,  at  350"  p  ann.,  whereas 
the  true  value  is  but  255";  and  his  lands  in 
Wiltshire  but  120",  whereas  the  true  value  is 
215"  p  ann.,  both  amounting  to  the  sayd  sum  of  { 
470",  for  which  hee  compounded.  My  Lord 
desires  that  hee  may  have  liberty  to  sett  the 
severall  values  upon  his  severall  parcells  of  land,  | 
all  amounting  to  the  sayd  sum  of  470".  And  that 
hee  may  have  his  letters  to  the  severall  countyes 
accordingly,  what  favour  you  shall  shew  my  Lord 
Cromwell  heerein  you  shall  obleige 

"  Yo""  very  loveing  freind, 

"  Oliver  CBOMWELii. 
«  29  Octob.  1646." 

[At  foot  is  this  note  inscribed]  :  — 
"  If  it  appeai'e  that  there  be  such  a  mistake  as 
is  here  alleaged,  lett  it  be  amended  as  is  desired. 

"John  Ashe." 
[Addressed]     "  To  my  very  loveinge  frend 

M'  Joinner  at  Gouldsmiths  Hall  thes." 
Abracadabba. 


Minot  ifiattg* 

A  Merry  Question  anent  the  Burning  of  a  Mill. 
—  The  following  quaint  passage  occurs  in  Sir 
James  Balfour  of  Pettindreich's  Practieks  of  the 
Law  of  Scotland  (p.  509.).  It  affords  besides  an 
excellent  specimen  of  the  old  Lowland  Scotch 
language : — 

"  A  Merrie  Questioun  anent  the  Burning  of  a  Miln. 

"  Gif  it  happin  that  ony  man  be  passand  in  the  King's 
gait  or  passage,  drivand  befoir  him  twa  sheip  festnit  and 
knit  togidder,  be  chance  ane  horse,  havand  ane  sair  bak, 
is  lying  in  the  said  gait,  and  ane  of  the  sheip  passis  be 
the" ane  side  of  the  horse,  and  the  uther  sheip  be  the  uther 
side,  swa  that  the  band  quhairwith  they  are  bund  tuich 
or  kittle  his  sair  bak,  and  he  thairby  movit  dois  arise, 
and  caryis  the  said  sheip  with  him  heir  and  thair,  untill 
at  last  he  cumis  and  enteris  in  ane  miln  havand  ane  fire, 
without  ane  keipar,  and  skatteris  the  fire,  quhairby  the 
miln,  horse,  sheip,  and  all  is  brunt ;  Qucentur,  Quha  sail 
pay  the  skaith  ?  Mesponcktur,  The  awner  of  the  horse 
sail  pay  the  sheip,  because  his  horse  sould  not  have  been 
lying  in  the  King's  hie  streit,  or  commoun  passage ;  and 
the  miliar  sail  pay  for  the  miln  and  the  horse,  and  for  all 
uther  damnage  and  shaith,  because  he  left  ane  fire  in  the 
jniln  without  ane  keipar." 

From  the  references  which  the  author  gives  at 
the  close,  this  case  would  appear  to  have  been  an 
actual  one.  G.  J. 

The  Mohawks.  —  "I  am  very  much  frighted 
with  the  fyer,  but  much  more  with  a  gang  of 
Devils  that  call  themselv's  mohocks.  They  put 
an  old  woman  into  a  Hogshead,  and  rooled  her 
down  a  hill.  They  cut  of  som's  nosis,  other's 
hands,  ^nd  several  barbarass  tricks,  without  any 


provocation.  They  are  said  to  be  young  gentle- 
men. They  never  take  any  money  from  any. 
Instead  of  setting  fifty  pd.  upon  the  head  of  a 
Highwayman,  sure  they  would  doe  much  better 
to  sett  a  hundred  upon  thear  heads." — Letter  from 
Lady  Wentworth  to  her  Son  Lord  Strafford,  14th 
March,  1712.  Zz. 

Proverbial  Expression.  —  I  heard  the  following 
remark  used  by  a  man  near  Merrion,  co.  Dublin, 
on  seeing  a  stupid  fellow  nearly  drive  his  cart 
over  an  umbrella  which  a  passenger  had  a  few 
minutes  before  accidentally  let  fall.  "  Oh  !  that's 
a  Whitsuntide  fellow,  he  can't  eat  his  breakfast 
without  breaking  his  plate."  Y.  S.  M. 

Scotfs  Lines  on  Woman. — Amongst  the  many 
charges  of  plagiarism  laid  against  the  author  of 
Marmion  was  one  suggested  by  the  cruel  in- 
genuity of  an  anonymous  critic,  apparently  in 
residence  at  Cambridge,  who,  under  the  name  of 
"  Detector,"  accused  him  of  appropriating  an 
elegiac  couplet  of  Vida's :  — 

"  Ciim  dolor  atque  supercilio  gravis  imminet  angor, 
Fungeris  angelico  sola  ministerio." 

On  reading  these  lines  in  Lockhart's  Life  of 
Scott  the  other  day  (p.  201.,  ed.  1845),  the  jingle 
seemed  familiar  to  my  ear ;  and  so  it  was,  for 
turning  to  my  Arundines  Cami,  I  found  the  very 
same  lines  in  the  translation  of  "  O  woman  in  our 
hours  of  ease,"  &c.  My  ignorance  might  possibly 
amuse  the  upper  thousand  of  the  learned  world ; 
nevertheless,  I  am  anxious  to  know  if  "  Detec- 
tor "  and  "  Henricus  Josephus  Thomas  Drury, 
Scholae  Harroviensis  nuper  Deuterodidascalus," 
can  be  identified.  Does  the  heading,  "  Splendide 
Mendax  "  of  the  version  in  the  Arundines  contain 
an  allusion  to  the  hoax  successfully  played  off,  as 
it  would  appear,  upon  the  Great  Unknown  ? 

M.  L.  R. 

Stanford-le-Hope. 

Relics  of  the  Plague  of  London.  — A  few  weeks 
since  the  workmen,  in  digging  out  the  foundation 
on  the  east  end  of  Three  Nun  Court,  by  St.  Mi- 
chael's Church,  Aldgate,  came  to  a  considerable 
quantity,  upwards  of  a  cart-load,  of  human  skulls 
and  bones,  about  seven  feet  from  the  surface.  In 
some  of  the  papers  it  has  been  conjectured  that 
they  formed  part  of  the  sweepings  of  some  ad- 
jacent churchyard  after  the  fire  of  London.  This 
was  more  likely  the  great  pit,  or  "  dreadful  gulf," 
as  De  Foe  calls  it,  provided  for  the  parishes  of 
Aldgate  and  Whitechapel,  which,  during  a  fort- 
night after  it  was  opened,  had  thrown  into  it  1114 
bodies,  when  they  were  obliged  to  fill  it  up.  De 
Foe  adds,  "  I  doubt  not  but  there  may  be  some 
ancient  persons  alive  in  the  parish  who  are  able 
to  show  in  what  part  of  the  churchyard  the  pit  lay 
better  than  I  can  ;  the  mark  of  it  also  was  many 
years  to  be  seen  in  the  churchyard,  or  the  surface 


2"d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


289 


lying  in  length,  parallel  with  the  passage  which 
goes .  by  the  west  wall  of  the  churchyard  out  of 
Houndsditch,  and  turns  again  into  Whitechapel,* 
coming  out  near  the  Three  Nuns  Inn."  J.  Y. 

Curious  Rent-Charge  and  Service  in  Yorkshire, 
—  The  following  curious  custom  formerly  attached 
to  a  Yorkshire  manor,  at  all  events  in  respect  of 
the  freehold  lands  of  one  Edward  Cooper  :  — 

«  And  also  All  that  free  Rent  of  S^  of  lawful  Money  of 
Great  Britain  formerly  payable  by  Edward  Cooper  for 
his  freehold  lands  and  tenements  in  Brereton,  held  of  the 
said  Manor  of  South  Stainley,  otherwise  Kirk  Stainley, 
which  rent  is  payable  on  the  feast  day  of  the  birth  of  our 
Lord  Christ  yearly,  and  of  the  service  to  be  performed  on 
the  same  day  yearly  by  the  said  Edward  Cooper,  his 
heirs  and  ass',  of  making  the  fire  in  the  Hall  of  the 
Manor-house  of  South  Stainley,  and  the  paym*  of  1"^  to 
be  p^  to  him  or  her  that  shall  make  the  fire  for  him  if  he, 
his  heirs  or  assigns  shall  fail  to  perform  the  same  service 
in  his  or  their  proper  person  or  persons,  and  of  the  ser- 
vice also  to  be  performed  by  the  said  Edward  Cooper,  his 
heirs  and  assigns,  to  wit,  of  sitting  yearly  on  the  same 
Feast  Day  at  the  same  Hall  Table  at  Dinner  time,  with 
a  dish  of  Water  before  him  or  them,  and  a  stone  in  it." 

Query,  Does  this  custom  still  exist  ? 

Geobge  Ttas. 
Times  Office,  Leeds. 


WASHINGTON   LETTER. 

In  the  year  1834  I  became  acquainted  with  the 
late  Edward  S.  Abdy,  Esq.,  Fellow  of  Christ  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  then  on  a  visit  to  my  country, 
the  United  States  of  America.  I  had  the  pleasure 
of  his  company  repeatedly  at  my  house,  and  be- 
came deeply  interested  in  him  as  a  gentleman,  a 
scholar,  and  a  philanthropist.  Just  as  he  was 
about  to  take  his  leave  of  me  and  of  our  country, 
in  the  earnestness  of  my  desire  to  give  him  some 
token  of  my  great  regard,  I  presented  him  with 
an  autograph  letter  of  our  immortal  Washington. 

It  was  not  only  an  article  of  great  value,  as  the 
production  of  the  pen  of  the  Father  of  our  coun- 
try, but  it  was  especially  precious  as  illustrative 
of  some  of  the  admirable  peculiarities  of  his  pri- 
vate character.  I  ought  not  to  have  given  it  to 
anyone,  to  be  taken  out  of  our  country.  And  I 
have  been  severely  and  justly  rebuked  by  a 
number  of  my  countrymen  for  having  done  so. 

Now,  therefore,  that  my  friend  Mr.  Abdy  is 
dead,  I  am  anxious,  if  possible,  to  recover  the 
possession  of  that  "  Washington's  letter,"  or  at 
least  an  exact  and  certified  copy  of  it. 

I  have  been  assured  that  it  is  not  in  the  posses- 
sion of  any  of  his  heirs,  and  have  been  led  to  sup- 
pose that  he  gave  it  to  some  public  institution, 
or  to  some  individual  curious  in  such  matters. 
Several  friends  have  advised  me  to  institute  an 
inquiry  in  the  columns  of  your  unique  and  valu- 
able paper. 


Do  me  the  favour,  Mr.  Editor,  to  make  my 
wishes  known  to  your  readers  in  the  manner  you 
may  think  best. 

The  letter  can  easily  be  identified.  It  was 
written  by  George  Washington  from  Philadel- 
phia, in  1794,  to  Mr.  John  Custis,  who  I  suppose 
was,  left  in  charge  of  Washington's  estates  at 
Mount  Vernon  during  the  President's  absence 
from  home.  The  letter  covers  nearly  seven  pages, 
ending  a  little  below  the  middle  of  the  seventh 
page.  It  relates  wholly  to  the  management  of  his 
plantations ;  and  there  is  a  brief  note,  on  the  left- 
hand  side  of  the  last  page,  showing  his  kind  re- 
membrance of  his  Dutch  gardener. 

If  any  individual  who  may  possess  the  valuable 
letter,  or  may  have  the  charge  of  it,  in  the  library 
of  any  public  institution,  will  do  me  the  favour  to 
inform  me  where  it  may  be  found,  I  shall  be  very 
grateful  to  him. 

I  intend  to  be  in  London  until  the  morning  of 
the  10th  of  October ;  and  from  the  15th  until  the 
22nd  in  Liverpool. 

Between  the  present  and  the  last-named  day 
(Oct.  22.),  any  communication  addressed  to  me, 
care  of  Messrs.  Baring  Brothers  and  Co.,  will 
speedily  reach  me,  wherever  I  may  be  in  Eng- 
land. And  after  that  date  my  address  will  be 
Syracuse,  New  York,  U.  S.  A.     Samuel  J.  Mat. 


SEALS    OF    OFFICERS    WHO    PERISHED    IN 
AFFGHANISTAN. 

The  seals  described  below  are  believed  to 
have  belonged  to  officers  who  perished  in  Afighan- 
istan  in  1841-42.  The  seals  themselves  are  de- 
posited with  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  will  be 
restored  by  him  to  any  relative  of  their  former 
owners.  Heraldic  correspondents  are  invited  to 
identify  them.  E.  C.  B. 

No.  1.  On  a  wreath,  a  lion  passant,  over  the  initials 

iT.  m.  ^. 

No.  2.  On  a  wreath,  a  stag's  head  erased,  pierced  in  the 
neck  with  a  javelin  stringed ;  over  the  initials   (^^^  ^^ 

in  an  oval. 

No.  3.  On  a  wreath,  a  tiger's  head  affronte',  charged  on 
the  neck  a  chain  (or  rosarv)  and  cross,  over  the  initial 

J. 

[We  have  had  great  pleasure  in  thus  complying  with 
the  request  contained  in  the  following  letter,  which  we 
have  thought  it  right  to  print  at  length  in  justice  to  the 
good  feelings  of  the  writer.  Impressions  of  the  engraved 
stones  (for  the  settings  have  of  course  been  broken  away) 
are  left  at  the  Office  of  "  N.  &  Q."  for  the  inspection  of 
parties  who  may  desire  to  see  them,  and  we  shall  be 
extremely  gratified  if  this  notice  should  be  the  means  of 
restoring  these  small,  but  interesting,  relics  to  the  families 
of  their  former  owners.] 

The  accompanying  three  seals  formed  part  of  a 
batch  recently  sent  to  me  from  the  north  of  India 
for  sale  with  some  antique  gems. 


290 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59. 


As  I  had  reason  to  believe  that  the  latter  came 
from  AfFghanistan  and  Central  Asia,  I  thought  it 
not  improbable  (as  I  had  once  before  discovered 
to  be  the  case  in  a  similar  instance)  that  the  seals 
had  once  belonged  to  officers  who  fell  in  Aflf- 
ghanisfan. 

I  therefore  advertised  them  in  one  of  -  our 
Indian  papers  as  well  as  I  was  able,  and  one  of 
them  was  recognised  and  claimed  by  a  relative  of 
its  original  owner,  who  perished  in  the  disastrous 
retreat  from  Kabul. 

The  three  I  now  send  remained  unclaimed ; 
but  as  my  own  heraldic  knowledge  is  limited,  it  is 
very  possible  that  I  described  them  incorrectly. 
It  has,  however,  struck  me  that  you  might  not  be 
unwilling  to  give  a  brief  and  correct  description 
of  them  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  I  have  therefore  taken 
the  liberty  of  trespassing  on  your  kindness  so  far 
as  to  transmit  them  to  you  for  that  purpose,  in 
the  hope  that  if  you  will  do  so,  some  of  your  he- 
raldic correspondents  might  be  able  to  identify 
them. 

If  recognised  and  claimed  by  any  of  the  family 
to  which  their  owners  belonged,  I  should  be  much 
obliged  by  your  restoring  them.  If  not,  you  can 
dispose  of  them  as  you  will.  Perhaps  some  such 
note  as  that  given  above,  with  a  description  of 
the  seals  appended,  might  serve  for  tiie  required 
object.  E.  C.  Bayley,  Civil  Service. 

Futtehgurh,  N.  W.  P.,  India,  August  10,  1859. 


"  The  Tale  of  a  Tub"  — Is  it  among  probabili- 
ties that  Swift  took  a  hint  for  the  inimitable  Tale 
of  a  Tub  from  a  song  very  popular  just  before  he 
arrived  in  England,  called  a  "View  of  the  Reli- 
gion of  the  Town"  ?     I  send  an  extract :  — 

"  We  began  at  the  church  of  St.  Peter, 
Whose  prebends  make  many  mouths  water ; 

Religion  did  here 

Like  grave  matron  appear. 
Neat,  but  not  gaudy,  like  courtesan  Rome, 
Plain,  but  no  slut  like  your  Geneva  dame. 

Then  shifting  our  protestant  dress. 
To  the  Royal  Chapel  we  press, 
Where  religion  was  fine  indeed ; 

But  with  facings  and  fringings. 

With  crosses  and  cringings, 
Entirely  run  up  to  seed." 

I  copy  from  A  Collection  of  Poems,  Songs,  Sfc, 
against  Popery,  London,  1689  (Part  i.,  p.  18.) 

T.  T.  T. 

G.  Herbert  and  Theocritus.  —  George  Herbert 
in  modern  times,  and  Theocritus  among  the  an- 
cients, l;ave  each  written  a  poem  which  takes  its 
name  from  the  form  the  verses  assume  when 
written  out :  that  by  George  Herbert  is  called 
"  Easter  Wings,"  and  that  by  Theocritus  "  Sy- 


rinx." Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform 
me  whether  there  are  any  other  poems  extant  that 
take  their  names  from  similar  circumstances  ? 
and  if  so,  who  are  the  authors  ?  and  where  they 
may  be  met  with  ?  P.  D. 

Speed  of  Steamers.  —  What  is  the  fastest  speed 
(miles  per  hour)  at  which  steamers  have  travelled 
previous  to  the  sailing  of  the  Great  Eastern  ? 

A.  S. 

Italian  Music  in  England.  — 

"  Charles  R. 
"  March  1"  16G6.   An  Establishment  of  y«  yearly- salaryes 
and  entertainm*  of  his  Ma""  Italian  Musicke. 

£  s.  d. 
One  Contralto  -  -  -  -  200  00  00 
One  Tenore  -        -        -        -        -    200  00  00 

One  Basse 200  00  00 

The  Poet 200  00  00 

The  Woman  .        .        -        -    sjo  00  00 

The  Eunuch  -        -        -        -    200  00  00 

Seign^  Vincenzo    -        -        -        -    200  00  00 
S--  Bartholoes  (?)  his  Brother         -    200  00  00 

£1700  00  00 
Has  the  foregoing  paper,  being  an  official  war- 
rant for  payment,  &c.,  anything  to  do  with  the 
introduction  of  Italian  operatic  music  into  Eng- 
land. I  can  understand  the  three  first  items,  but 
the  poet,  the  woman,  and  the  eunuch,  are  an 
enigma  to  me.  Can  any  of  your  readers  afford  an 
explanation  ?  Abracadabra. 

Schuyler.  —  Infoi'mation  is  i-equested  respecting 
a  Dutch  family  called  Schuyler.  Was  it  noble  ? 
I  have  never  heard  of  a  Dutch  peerage ;  but  if 
there  be,  does  this  name  occur  in  it  ?  G.  L. 

Epigram.  —  Could  you  give  me  the  remaining- 
lines  of  this  epigram  — 

"  Bright  martial  maid,  Queen  of  the  frozen  zone ! 
The  northern  pole  supports  thy  shining  throne! "  — 

on  or  to  Queen  Christina  of  Sweden  ? 

Belater-Adime. 
Will.  De  la  Grace  (^Mai'esJiHll). — In  what  man- 
ner did  William  De  la  Grace  (Mareshall)  become 
possessed  of  this  name  ?  I  can  only  find  it  men- 
tioned in  Fenton's  Hist,  of  Pembrokeshire,  upon 
the  occasion  of  his  marriage  with  Isabella,  daugh- 
ter and  heiress  of  De  Clare,  Earl  of  Pembroke. 
Query,  Was  it  assumed,  or  a  double  Christian 
name  ?  Jas.  Finlayson. 

Greek  Version  of  ^^  King  Arthur."  —  In  investi- 
gating the  subject  of  Arthur,  the  first  and  greatest 
hero  of  medieval  romance,  I  have  stumbled  upon 
a  footnote  in  the  Quarterly  Eevieiv,  xxiii.  153., 
in  which  the  writer  observes  :  — 

**  We  take  this  opportunity  of  noticing  an  error  of  a 
somewhat  ludicrous  kind  in  Warton's  History  of  English 
Poetnj,  i.  350. :  '  The  story  of  Arthur,'  he  saj's,  'was  also 
reduced  into  modern  Greek.  M.  Crusius  relates  that  his 
friends,  who  studied  at  Padua,  sent  him  in  the  year  15G5, 


•2"^  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


291 


together  with  Homer's  lUad,  AiJaxai  Regis  Arthuri.' 
The  words  ia  Crusius  are  '  AtSaxol  Rathuri.'  The  homilies 
of  this  writer  are  well  known  to  the  modern  Greeks." 

A  reference  to  the  particular  passage  in  Crusius 
will  oblige. 

It  would  appear  from  tbe  above  extract,  that 
the  writer  of  it  was  disposed  to  question  the  ac- 
curacy altogether  of  Warton  respecting  the  exist- 
ence of  an  Arthurian  romance  in  the  modern 
Greek.  If  so,  the  reviewer  himself  needs  to  be 
corrected.  There  is  now  in  the  library  of  the 
Vatican  a  fragment  of  a  poem,  in  a  sort  of  heroic 
metre,  in  that  language,  supposed  to  be  of  the 
twelfth  century,  and  in  which  the  Knights  of  the 
Round  Table  are  the  heroes.  Arthur  is  called 
ApTov^os,  Gwalchmai,  Taov\^avos,  Gwenever  Nrfe- 

ve^pa,  Uther  Pendragon  Ovrepcc  iravrpayopos. 

For  an  analysis  of  the  contents  of  this  curious 
old  romance,  vide  the  late  Rev.  Thomas  Price's 
essay,  "  The  Influence  of  Welsh  Traditions  on 
the  Literature  of  Europe."  (^Literary  Remains, 
vol.  i.  pp.  270-71,  8vo.,  Llandovery,  1854.)         j3. 

Temple.  —  How  comes  the  word  temple  to  be 
appropriated  in  Roman  Catholic  countries  to  the 
place  in  which  Protestant  worship  is  performed  ? 
I  find,  in  a  Histonj  of  the  Republick  of  Holland  of 
1705,  that  the  dissenting  party  in  a  petition  pre- 
sented to  the  Archduke  Mathias,  hope  that  they 
may  not  be  excluded  from  their  temples  and 
councils  (p.  34.)  Fagus. 

Squaring  the  Circle.  —  Some  time  ago  a  friend 
gave  me  the  following.  It  is  said  to  be  cut  on  a 
piece  of  wood  about  nine  inches  square  fastened 
against  a  pew  in  the  church  of  Great  Gidding  in 
Huntingdonshire.  Besides  being  read  forwards, 
it  may  be  read  upwards  and  downwards  and 
backwards. 


As  for  the  true  interpretation  thereof,  that  is 
another  question.  P.  IIutchikson. 

Aerostation. — Can  any  of  the  numerous  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  who  have  given  their  attention  to 
this  subject,  inform  me  what  is  usually  the  aver- 
age cost  of  material  used  in  forming  a  balloon  per 
yard,  and  the  cost  per  cubic  foot  of  the  hydrogen 
gas  used  for  its  Inflation  ?  and  whether  any  fabri- 


cant  in  London  gives  his  attention  specially  to  their 
construction  ? 

The  accounts  of  the  success  or  misfortune  of 
early  voyageurs  is  a  matter  of  reference,  but  it 
would  also  be  interesting  to  know  what  number 
of  fatal  accidents  have  occurred  to  aeronauts 
within  the  last  teh  years,  and  the  causes  of  acci- 
dent in  each  case,  as  far  as  may  be  known  to  your 
correspondents ;  also  the  greatest  number  of 
ascents  made  by  any  one  aeronaut. 

I  believe  no  method  of  descending  in  a  balloon 
to  the  ground  without  letting  off  a  portion  of  the 
gas  has  yet  been  discovered.  As  the  subject  of 
aerial  navigation  at  present  engages  the  attention 
of  many  scientific  men,  possibly  some  recent  ex- 
periments may  have  been  made  not  generally 
known  to  the  public.  H.  S. 

Mazena's  Dog.  — 

"  Lumpentlmin, 
"  Das  Brod  ist  theuer  dieses  Jahr, 
Jedoch  die  schiinsten  VVorte  hat 
Man  noch  umsonst  —  Besinge  gar 
Mazena's  Hund,  und  friss  dich  satt ! " 
H.  Heine,  Romanzero,  Hamburg,  1851,  p.  173. 

Who  is  Mazena  ?  Fitzhopkins. 

Paris. 

Thomas  Maude.  —  I  recently  met  with  an  in- 
teresting poetical  description  of  Wensleydale,  in  the 
North  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  written  by  Thomas 
Maude  (York,  1816).  He  seems  fully  to  have 
appreciated  his  subject,  and  never  to  have  tired 
of  that  lovely  and  interesting  valley.  Was  he  a 
native  of  those  parts,  or  one  of  the  ancient  West- 
moreland family  of  Maiide  f  *  Mr.  Maude  lies 
buried  on  the  south  side  of  the  sweet  village 
churchyard  of  Wensley,  hard  by  the  murmuring 
stream,  the  Ure,  which  his  muse  has  celebrated. 
A  fitter  sepulchre  for  a  poet  could  not  be  found, 
nor  a  more  appropriate  epitaph  than  that  on  his 
tomb,  selected  from  the  "  Deserted  Village  "  of 
Goldsmith,  who  loved  nature  like  the  historian  of 
the  dale  of  Wensley  :  — 

"  How  blest  is  he  who  crowns,  in  shades  like  these, 
A  youth  of  labour,  with  an  age  of  ease : 
Sinks  to  the  grave  with  unperceiv'd  deca3'. 
While  resignation  gently  slopes  the  way." 

I  said  with  the  Chorus  in  Sophocles  :  — 

"...         ivBa.  /SpoTOtj  Toi'  ae!.iivr)<nov 
Taiiov  tvpiiiiv-a.  Kadc^a." 

Ajax,  1167—8. 

OXONIENSIS. 

Duchess  of  Bolton.  —  Can  any  correspondent  of 
"  jST.  &  Q."  inform  me  what  are  the  dates  of  the 
birth  and  death  of  the  once  celebrated  Lavinia 


[*  Mr.  W.  M.  Claude  states,  that  Thomas  Maude  was 
born  in  Downing  Street,  Westminster,  in  Maj',  1718 ;  but 
another  correspondent  saj-s  that  he  was  born  at  Hare- 
wood  in  1717.  Cf.  Gent  Mag.,  June,  1841,  p.  597. ;  and 
July,  1841.  p.  36.— Ed.] 


292 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'«i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59. 


Fenton,  Duchess  of  Bolton,  the  original  Polly  of 
Gay's  Beggars  Opera  ?  * 

I  wish  to  have,  farther,  a  complete  list,  as  far 
as  it  can  be  ascertained,  of  ennobled  actresses. 
There  were,  Lavinia,  Duchess  of  Bolton ;  Miss 
Brunton,  Countess  of  Craven ;  the  Countess  of 
Derby ;  the  Countess  of  Harrington,  and  Lady 
Thurlow.     Others  may  be  added.        Oxoniensis, 

John  Jones,  A.M.,  Oxon.  — 

"Considerations  on  the  Illegality  and  Impropriety  of 
preferring  Clergymen,  who  are  unacquainted  with  the 
Welsh  Language,  to  Benefices  in  Wales,  &c.,  by  John 
Jones,  A.M.,  Fellow  of  Queen's  College,  Oxon.  1768." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  furnish  a  clue 
as  to  the  birthplace  of  the  author  of  the  above 
pamphlet,  together  with  his  place  of  residence,  his 
profession,  and  the  date  of  his  decease  ?  Was  he 
the  learned  friend  and  executor  of  the  celebrated 
author  of  the  Night  Thoughts  f  (See  Nichols's 
Literary  Anecdotes,  vol.  i.  637.  &c.)       Inquirer. 

London  in  1558.  —  Can  any  of  your  artist 
readers  inform  me  in  whose  custody  the  curious 
volume  described  as  under  by  Dallaway,  in  Dis- 
courses on  Architecture,  Svo.,  1833,  is  now  secured, 
and  if  it  can  be  seen,  and  how  ?  — 

"  But  a  singular  curiosity  has  been  brought  to  light, 
which  was  lately  in  the  custody  of  Mr.  Colnaghi,  sen. 
(Printseller).  It  is  a  series  of  views  and  perspectives  of 
the  City  of  London,  its  ancient  buildings,  with  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral,  the  Tower,  &c.,  upon  the  north-west 
shore,  for  a  considerable  extent.  Others  are  taken  from 
the  roof  of  the  Mint  (formerly  Sufiblk  House)  in  South- 
wark,  overlooking  that  side  of  the  river.  Of  the  royal 
palaces  at  Westminster,  St.  James,  Plaisance  at  Green- 
wich, Hampton  Court,  and  Oatlands,  there  are  distinct 
elevations  and  parts,  in  many  delineations  of  each.  It  is 
of  the  largest  imperial  folio  size,  several  of  the  views 
being  so  long  as  to  require  to  be  folded.  They  were  cer- 
tainly taken  from  the  spots  mentioned,  which  are  repre- 
sented with  scrupulous  accui'acy,  and  give  a  true  idea  of 
London  in  1558.  The  artist's  name  affixed  is  Antonio  Van 
Wyiiergard,  and  the  drawings  are  tricked  with  a  pen, 
heightened  with  blue."— P.  389. 

W.  P. 

Heraldic  Query.  —  The  eldest  son  of  a  family, 
duly  entitled  to  bear  arms,  has  no  male  children ; 
but  his  brother,  who  succeeds  to  the  entailed 
estate  on  his  death,  has. 

Has  the  husband  of  the  daughter  of  the  oldest 
son  a  right  to  bear  the  arms  of  the  family  in  an 
escutcheon  of  pretence  ?  and  have  their  descend- 
ants a  right  to  quarter  them  ?  C.  W.  B. 

Leigh  Hunt  and  "  the  Liberal."  —  Would  any 
of  the  readers  of  "  N".  &  Q."  be  kind  enough  to 
state  what  were  the  papers  which  Leigh  Hunt 
contributed  to  The  Liberal  ?  I  believe  the  preface 
to  have  been  written  by  him.      James  J.  Lamb. 

Underwood  Cottage,  Paisley. 

[*  Lavinia  Fenton  was  born  in  the  year  1708,  and  died 
Jan.  24, 1760,  at  the  age  of  fifty-two.— Ed.] 


Sigismond  and  Henry  Alexander.  —  Can  you  in- 
form me  where  I  can  find  anything  about  "  the 
two  Alexanders,"  or  Zinzans,  of  James  I.'s  time  ? 
I  know  what  Nichols  has  to  tell.*  E.  H.  K. 

Manuscript  of  William  de  Shoreham's  Poems, — 
Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me  where 
the  MS.  from  which  Mr.  Wright  transcribed  W. 
de  Shoreham's  Poems  for  the  Percy  Society  in 
1849  is  now  to  be  found?  He  says  in  his  pre- 
face that  the  MS.  was  in  private  hands  at  the 
time  his  transcript  was  made ;  but  that  it  was 
uncertain  at  the  time  he  wrote  (Oct.  1849)  whe- 
ther it  was  in  a  public  or  private  collection.  A 
recollation  of  the  MS.  would  probably  remove 
some,  at  least,  of  the  numerous  difficulties  with 
which  the  printed  text  at  present  abounds.    H.  C. 

Epigram.  —  Who  was  the  author  of  the  fol- 
lowing beautiful  Epigram  ?  It  is  printed  in  the 
Anthologia  Oxoniensis,  accompanied  by  a  trans- 
lation into  Latin  elegiacs  by  Mr.  Booth  of  Mag- 
dalen :  — 

"  To  a  Female  Cupbearer. 
"  Come,  Leila,  fill  the  goblet  up, 
Reach  round  the  rosj'  wine : 
Think  not  that  we  will  take  the  cup 

From  any  hand  but  thine. 
A  draught  like  this  'twere  vain  to  seek : 

No  grape  can  such  supply ; 
It  steals  its  tints  from  Leila's  cheek. 
Its  brightness  from  her  eye."  —  P.  82. 

Oxoniensis. 

Rubbings  of  Brasses  :  Wm.  Shakspeare  Payton. 
—  I  shall  feel  obliged  if  any  of  your  numerous 
readers  can  inform  me  of  a  preparation  which  will 
effectually  preserve  rubbings  from  brasses  and 
stones.  In  a  recent  visit  to  Stratford-on-Avon  I 
obtained  from  the  parish  clerk,  Mr.  Kite,  rubbings 
from  the  gravestones  of  Shakspeare  and  his  wife, 
and  I  wish  to  ascertain  the  best  mode  of  preserv- 
ing these.  I  would  add  for  the  information  of 
your  readers  that  these  most  excellent  rubbings 
can  be  had  for  the  small  cost  of  one  shilling  each. 

In  strolling  through  the  above  churchyard  I 
came  upon  the  grave  of  "  William  Shakspere 
Payton,  son  of  John  and  Eliza  Payton  of  this 
borough.  He  died  October  25,  1789,  aged  18 
years." 

I  would  ask  if  It  is  known  whether  this  youth 
was  a  descendant  of  the  poet?  and  whether  any  of 
this  family  are  at  the  present  time  In  existence  ? 

E.  Y.  Lowne. 

Eleu  loro.  —  To  the  song  in  Scott's  Marmion 
beginning  "  Where  shall  the  lover  rest,"  there  is  a 
burden  given  thus :  "  Chorus,  Eleu  loro,  &c." 
What  Is  the  meaning  of  these  words,  and  to  what 
does  the  "  &c."  refer  ?  A. 

[*  A  brief  notice  of  the  family  of  Zinzan  is  given  in 
Coates's  History  of  Reading,  p.  445.  Consult  also  Mrs. 
Green's  Calendar  of  State  Papers,  Domestic,  between 
1603  and  1623.— Ed.] 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  *59.^ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


293 


William  Kennedy,  author  of  Fitful  Fancies 
(1826),  —  a  volume  containing  the  admirable  buc- 
caneer lyric,  "  Ned  Bolton."  Are  the  dates  and 
places  of  his  birth  and  death,  or  any  other  parti- 
culars of  him,  ascertainable  ?  I  believe  he  was 
sometime  British  Consul  in  Texas.  A. 

[See  "N.  &  Q."  2"'i  S.  i.  113.  163.  183.  342.  400.] 


Minav  &uetiti  taitfj  ^niiotx^. 
The  Pope's  Title.  —  When  a  man  is  elected 
Pope,  is  the  choice  of  the  name  by  which  he  is 
designated  and  known,  such  as  Adi-ian,  Pius,  &c., 
arbitrary  on  his  part,  and  can  he  choose  any  name 
he  likes  ?  If  so,  when  did  the  custom  first  arise, 
and  why  ?  W.  O.  W. 

[John  XII.,  A.D.  956,  was  the  first  Pope  who  changed 
his  name.  "  His  former  name,"  saj's  Moreri,  "  was  Octa- 
vianus,  and  he  assumed  the  name  of  John,  either  in  me- 
morj'  of  John  XI.,  his  uncle,  or  because  some  flatterers 
used  to  say  to  him,  what  the  Holy  Scripture  says  of  the 
forerunner  of  Christ,  '  That  there  was  a  man  sent  from 
God  whose  name  was  John.'  Be  it  what  it  will,  since 
that  time,  the  Popes  have,  for  the  most  part,  altered  their 
names."  Others,  however,  state  that  Sergius  IV.  (a.d. 
1009)  was  the  first  who  assumed  another  name,  owing  to 
his  surname  being  Os  Ford,  or  Swine's- snout.  Cf. 
Bower's  History  of  the  Popes,  v.  104.  145,  ed.  1761.] 

Mrs.  Grundy.  —  Will  some  kind  correspondent 
or  the  editor  explain  who  the  above  personage  is 
or  was.  Being  apparently  of  equal  fame  with 
Madames  Gamp  and  Harris,  an  old  subscriber 
would  be  glad  to  learn  something  of  her.        G.  C. 

[In  Tom  Morton's  clever  comedy.  Speed  the  Plough,  the 
first  scene  of  the  first  act  opens  with  a  view  of  a  farm 
house,  where  Farmer  Ashfield  is  discovered  at  a  table 
with  his  jug  and  pipe,  holding  the  following  colloquy 
with  his  wife,  Dame  Ashfield,  who  figures  in  a  riding 
dress  with  a  basket  under  her  arm :  — 

"  Ashfield.  Well,  Dame,  welcome  whoam.  What  news 
does  thee  bring  vrom  market  ? 

Dame.  What  news,  husband?  What  I  always  told 
you ;  that  Farmer  Grundy's  wheat  brought  five  shillings 
a  quarter  more  than  ours  did. 

Ash.  All  the  better  vor  he. 

Dame.  Ah !  the  sun  seems  to  shine  on  purpose  for  him. 

Ash.  Gome,  come,  missus,  as  thee  has  not  the  grace  to 
thank  God  for  prosperous  times,  dan't  thee  grumble  when 
thej'  be  unkindly  a  bit. 

Dame.  And  I  assure  you,  Dame  Grundy's  butter  was 
quite  the  crack  of  the  market. 

Ash.  Be  quiet,  woolye  ?  aleways  ding,  dinging  Dame 
Grundy  into  my  ears —  What  will  Mrs.  Grundy  zay? 
What  will  Mrs.  Grundy  think  ?  Canst  thee  be  quiet,  let 
ur  alone,  and  behave  thyself  pratty." 

The  phrase  "What  will  Mrs.  Grundy  say?"  has  been 
frequently  applied  to  Dr.  Stanley  Lees  Giffard,  late  editor 
of  the  Morning  Herald  and  The  Standard  (ob.  Nov.  6, 
1858),  who  for  his  sympathies  and  antipathies  in  politics 
was  a  man  after  Dr.  Johnson's  own  heart.] 

The  Ballet  in  England.  —  I  wish  to  know  the 
date  of  the  introduction  of  the  modern  hallet  upon 
the  English  stage.  I  have  somewhere  read  (but 
cannot  now  find  the  passage)  that,  on  its  first  re- 


presentation, many  of  the  audience  quitted  the 
theatre  in  (real  or  pretended)  disgust ;  and  that 
for  some  time  the  ballet  was  classed  among  the 
indelicacies  of  the  season.  Ellesmere,  in  the  new 
Series  of  Friends  in  Council,  amusingly  tells  how 
his  grandmother  turned  her  back  upon  the  "wicked 
performance."  Cuthbert  Bede. 

[In  the  History  of  Shrewsbury,  by  Owen  and  Blakeway, 
ii.  152.,  it  is  stated,  that  "tradition  saj's  that  John 
Weaver  of  Shrewsbury  was  the  first  introducer  of  ballets, 
which  he  terms  '  scenical  dancing,'  i.  e.  a  representation 
of  some  historical  incident  by  graceful  motions."  At  the 
end  of  his  work,  Mimes  and  Pantomimes,  8vo.,  1728, 
Weaver  has  given  "A  List  of  the  Modern  Entertain- 
ments that  have  been  exhibited  on  the  English  stage, 
where  the  representation  and  story  was  carried  on  by 
dancing,  action  and  motion  only."  The  first  in  his  list  is 
The  Tavern  Bilkers,  composed  by  Mr.  Weaver,  and  per- 
formed in  Drury  Lane  in  1702.] 

Cricket. — From  a  poem  "upon  a  printer  that 
exposed  him  by  printing  a  piece  of  his  grossly 
mangled  and  faulty,"  in  2'Ae  Works  of  John  Old- 
hant,  together  with  his  Remains,  London,  1684  :  — 

"  Thou  who  with  spurious  nonsense  durst  profane 
The  genuine  issue  of  a  poet's  brain, 
May'st  thou  hereafter  never  deal  in  verse,  Y 

But  what  hoarse  bell- men  in  their  walks  rehearse,  >- 
Or  Smithfield  audience  sung  on  Crickets  hears."      J 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  what  Crickets 
means  ?  The  earliest  notice  of  the  game  of 
Cricket  I  have  yet  found  is  in  Edward  Philips's 
Mysteries  of  Love  and  Eloquence,  1685. 

The  Authob  of  "  Twenty  Years  in  the 
Church." 
Bath. 

[In  the  passage  quoted  from  Oldham,  the  word  cricket 
means  a  low  stool  with  four  legs.  Cartwright,  in  his 
Lady  Errant,  1651,  uses  the  word  in  the  same  sense: 

"  Mach.  And  what'l  j'ou  do,  when  you  are  seated  in 
The  throne,  to  win  your  subjects  love,  Philenis  ? 

"  Phil.  I'l  stand  upon  a  cricket,  and  there  make 
Fluent  orations  to  'em ;  call  'em  trusty 
And  well-beloved,  loyall,  and  true  subjects."] 

Cracknells.  —  Can  anyone  give  the  origin  of  the 
term  of  "  cracknells,"  applied  to  the  biscuits  pe- 
culiar to  the  Isle  of  Wight,  if  not  to  Cowes  itself? 

S.  K.  K. 
[The  word   cracknel,  Fr.  craquelin,  meaning  a  hard 
brittle  cake,  is  not  peculiar  to  the  Isle  of  Wight.    Kitto 
says,  that  "  the  word  nikkuddim,  translated  cracknels  in 
1  Kings  xiv.  3.,  doubtless  means  some  kind  of  small  cake 
or  biscuit ;  and,  as  the  word  suggests  the  idea  of  some- 
thing spotted,  Harmer  fairly  enough  conjectures  that  they 
were  some  such  sort  of  biscuit,  sprinkled  with  seeds,  as 
are  still  much  used  in  the  East."  The  cakes  of  this  name 
were  not  unknown  to  Spenser  (^Shepherd's  Calendar,  Jan.)  : 
"  Albee  my  love  he  seek  with  daily  suit, 
His  clownish  gifts  and  curtsies  I  disdain. 
His,  kids,  his  cracknels,  and  his  early  fruit." 

Swift,  also,  could  boast  that 
"  I  have  in  store  a  pint  or  two  of  wine. 
Some  cracknels,  and  the  remnant  of  a  chine." 

A  Town  Eclogue,  1710.] 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>'i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59. 


Quotation.  —  Can   you  inform  me  who  is   the 
author  of  the  frequently  quoted  lines,  — 
"  True  patriots  they,  for  be  it  understood. 
They  left  their  country  for  their  country's  good." 

Gdstavus  a.  Mteks. 
Richmond,  Virginia,  U.  S.  A. 

[These  lines  occur  in  the  cliaracleristic  Prologue  com- 
posed by  the  notorious  pickpocket,  George  Barrington, 
and  spoken  on  the  occasion  of  opening  the  first  play- 
house at  Sydney,  New  South  Wales,  IGth  Jan.  1796, 
ivhen  the  performances  were  whollj'  conducted  by  the 
"  best  behaved  convicts."  The  price  of  admission  to  the 
galler}'  was  one  shilling,  paid  either  in  money,  flour, 
meat,  or  spirits,  according  to  the  market  rate !  We  can- 
not refrain  from  quoting  below  the  first  eight  lines ;  the 
entire  Prologue  will  be  found  in  Barringtou's  interesting 
History  of  New  South  Wales,  p.  lo2.  (8vo.  Lond.,  1802), 
the  first  work,  we  believe,  ever  published  on  the  penal 
settlements  there ;  — 

"  From  distant  climes,  o'er  wide-spread  seas  we  come, 
Though  not  with  much  eclat,  or  beat  of  drum, 
True  patriots  all,  for  be  it  understood, 
We  left  our  country  for  our  countr3''s  good ; 
No  private  views  disgraced  our  generous  zeal. 
What  urged  our  travels  was  our  country's  weal ; 
And  none  will  doubt  but  that  our  emigration 
Has  prov'd  most  useful  to  the  British  nation."] 


CARDINAL   WOLSEY. 

C2"<i  S.  viii.  228.) 

Your  correspondent  Armiger  has  directed  the 
attention  of  your  readers  to  a  fine  old  baronial 
residence,  Morton  Court,  Worcestershire,  as  hav- 
ing once  been  the  abode  of  that  eminent  eccle- 
siastic, Cardinal  Wolsey :  certainly  as  valuable 
historical  associations  are  attached  to  Morton 
Court  as  to  Empson's  house  in  Fleet  Street,  near 
Temple  Bar,  which  was  occupied  by  the  cardinal 
whilst  Dean  of  Lincoln.  At  this  moment,  a  painted 
board,  placed  in  a  conspicuous  position  over  the 
house  on  the  right  side  of  the  entrance  into  the 
learned  region  of  the  Temple,  from  Fleet  Street, 
announces  that  it  was  once  the  palace  of  that  great 
and  good  man.  Doubtless,  there  is  equal  recog- 
nition of  the  honour  once  conferred  by  the  pre- 
sence of  the  cardinal  at  Morton  Court.  Nash's 
History  of  Worcestershire^  published  in  1799,  re- 
cords that  "  One  Nanfan  is  said  to  have  been 
instrumental  in  the  first  rise  of  Cardinal  Wol- 
sey." 

It  appears  that  the  cardinal  was  chaplain  to 
John  Nanfan,  Esq.,  son  and  heir  of  Sir  Richard 
Nanfan,  who  was  sheriff  of  Worcestershire  in  the 
first  year  of  the  reign  of  Henry  VII.,  Captain  of 
Calais,  and  a  knight  and  esquire  of  the  body  to 
Henry  VII.  "  These  Esquires  of  the  body  ranked 
after  all  Knights  Bachelors,  but  before  all  gentle- 
men of  ancestry.  They  took  place  before  all 
Esquires,  except  the  sons  of  Barons  and  Ban- 
nerets."    This  John  Nanfan  behaved  himself  va- 


[  liantly  in  the  wars,  but  reduced  his  estates  by 

extravagance. 
;      The  manor-house   of    Morton   Court   is   very 
j  ancient,  moated  round.     One  of  the  parlours  is 
wainscotted  with  oak,  and  carved.     On  the  walls 
i  are  exhibited  the  quarterings  of  the  numerous 
I  families  with  which  the  Nanfans  were  allied.     At 
'■'  the  time  of  Domesday  Survey,  llobert  de  Stat- 
''  ford  held  the  manor  and  house.    It  afterwards  be- 
longed to  John,  Baron  of  Monmouth,  then  to  the 
Brute  family,  then  to  the  Ruyhalls.     At  length, 
in  the  9th  year  of  Henry  VI.,  John  Nanfan  was 
Lord  of  Birtsmorton  and  Berrow.     It  continued 
i  in  the  possession  of  the  Nanfan  family  till  1704, 
when  it  fell  by  marriage  Into  the  hands  of  Richard 
Coote,  Lord  Coloony,  and  Earl  of  Bellamont.     It 
continued  in  the  possession  of  the  Coote  family 
till  the  death  of  the  last  Earl,  which  occurred  at 
Morton  Court  in  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth 
century.     It  was  then  purchased,  together  with 
the  rectory,  by   John  Thackwell,  Esq.,  of  Rye 
Court,  Worcestershire,  lord  of  the  manors  of  Ber- 
row and  Birtsmorton,  whose  ancestors  had  pos- 
sessed a  landed  estate  In  the  parish  of  Berrow, 
Rye  Court,  for  nearly  two  centuries  previously. 
After  belonging  to  William  Thackwell.  an  officer 
of  yeomanry  cavalry,  the  second  son  of  the  said 
John,  it  is  now  the  property  of  John  Cam  Thack- 
well of  Wilton  Place,  D.  L.  and  J.  P.  for  Glou- 
cestershire and   Worcestershire,  son  of  the  late 
John  Thackwell,  D.  L.  and  J,  P.  of  Wilton  Place, 
Gloucestershire,  and  grandson  of  the  John  Thack- 
well of  Rye  Court  who  purchased  the  estate. 

Red  Hat  akd  Stockikgs. 


Dr.  Nash,  In  his  History  of  Worcestershire,  says 
"one  Nanfan  is  said  to  have  been  instrumental  in 
the  first  rise  of  Cardinal  Wolsey."  Sir  JRichard 
Nanfan,  was  according  to  the  same  authority. 
Captain  of  Calais,  made  a  knight,  and  esquire  of 
the  body  to  Henry  VII. 

Cavendish,  in  his  Life  of  Wolsey  (p.  8.),  states  : 

"  He  (Wolsey)  fell  in  acquaintance  with  one  Sir  John 
Nanphant,  a  very  grave  and  ancient  knight,  who  had  a 
great  room  in  Calais  under  K.  Henry  7th.  This  knight 
lie  served,  and  behaved  so  discreetl3'  and  justly,  that  he 
obtained  the  especial  favour  of  his  said  master,  inso- 
much that  for  his  wit,  gravitj*,  and  just  behaviour,  he 
committed  all  the  charge  of  his  office  unto  his  chaplain ; 
and  as  I  understand  the  office  was  the  treasurership  of 
Calais,  who  was,  in  consideration  of  his  great  age,  dis- 
charged of  his  chargeable  rooms,  and  returned  again  into 
England,  intending  to  live  more  at  quiet ;  and,  through 
his  constant  labour  and  especial  favour,  his  chaplain  was 
promoted  to  the  king's  service,  and  made  his  chaplain." 

FIddes,  who  calls  Sir  J.  Nafant  a  gentleman  of 
Somersetshire,  gives  almost  the  same  account  of 
Wolsey's  transactions  as  Cavendish,  and  his  pro- 
motion as  king's  chaplain  through  Che  interest  of 
the  knight. 

It  does  not  appear  in  any  life  of  Wolsey  I  have 


2nd  s.  VIII.  Oct,  8.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


295 


seen  whetlier  he  was  attached  to  the  Nan  fan  esta- 
blishment at  Birtsmortou  Court.  Perhaps  some 
Cornish  correspondent  may  inform  you  who  is  the 
present  representative  of  that  family.  The  Wor- 
cestershire estates  passed  by  an  heiress  to  the 
Coote  family,  Earls  of  Bellamont,  which  were 
afterwards  sold  to  Colonel  Moncton,  and  by  him 
to  Mr.  Thackwell. 

The  old  moated  mansion  of  Eirtsmorton  is  in 
a  dilapidated  condition,  occupied  by  a  farmer. 
One  of  the  parlours  still  contains  the  arms  of  the 
Nanfans  and  their  alliances  painted  on  oak  panels, 
with  a  curiously  carved  chimney-piece. 

Nash  calls  the  treasurer  of  Calais  Sir  Richard 
Nanfan,  while  both  Fiddes  and  Cavendish  name 
him  Sir  John.  Can  any  one  explain  the  discre- 
pancy ?  T.  E.  W. 


I  imagine  that  the  only  connecting  link  between 
this  prelate  and  the  county  of  Worcester,  was  his 
possession  of  "  the  Commandery  "  in  the  city  of 
Worcester.  Cuthbekt  Bede. 


THK     LOKD     MAYOR     OF    DUBLIN  :    ''  BIDING    THE 
FRANCHISES." 

(2"<»  S.  viii.  207.) 

When  I  was  a  small  boy  at  school  in  Dublin,  I 
often  saw  the  Lord  Mayor  and  the  Corporation, 
with  the  Sheriffs,  and  other  city  authorities, "  Riding 
the  Franchises  ; "  and  I  am  convinced  the  adver- 
tisement quoted  by  Abhba,  and  what  he  requires, 
had  its  origin  in  the  following  :  —  The  ceremony 
of  "  Riding  the  Franchises  "  (or  as  it  was  popu- 
larly called  the  "f7-i7iges'')  was  one  of  great  im- 
port, and  took  place  about  every  third  year.  It 
consisted  of  a  grand  procession  on  horseback  of 
the  Lord  Mayor,  Aldermen,  Common  Councillors, 
Sheriffs,  Recorder,  &c.,  preceded  by  the  corporate 
ofScers  with  the  mace,  sword  of  state,  &c.  The 
procession  passed  along  the  line  of  the  city  and 
suburbs,  to  which  the  lord  mayor  had  jurisdic- 
tion. Without  following  the  line  (which  was 
extensive)  it  came  to  a  junction  between  the  Old 
Pottle  corner  and  Old  Three-Stone  Alley,  at  the 
south  end  of  the  present  Coombe.  (The  Pottle 
and  Three- stone  Alley,  consequent  on  a  piece  of 
"  barbarity "  called  "  improvement,"  have  va- 
nished.) The  line  of  jurisdiction  here  joined  the 
*'  Earl  of  Meath's  Liberty  "  —  every  one  has 
heard,  and  every  one  who  has  been  in  Dublin 
knows  the  "  Liberty  "  —  and  the  boundary  line 
absolutely  went  right  through  a  house  that  stood 
between  Three-stone  Alley  and  the  Coombe,  at 
the  corner  of  the  Pottle.  In  order  to  assert  the 
rights  of  the  chief  magistrate,  the  sword-bearer 
had  to  enter  the  house  by  a  back  window,  per- 
ambulate a  room  or  two,  and  come  out  at  the 
front  door.     In  process  of  time  it  was  deemtd 


sufficient  to  throw  the  sword  into  the  window  and 
have  it  brought  out  at  the  door.  Up  to  this  por- 
tion of  the  proceedings  the  procession  used  to  be 
accompanied  by  a  formidable  body  of  coal  por- 
ters and  other  rough  characters,  who  seemed  to 
possess  the  especial  privilege  of  "  clearing  the 
way"  for  the  processionists,  and  this  they  used 
to  do  very  effectually,  by  breaking  the  heads,  legs, 
or  arms  —  they  were  not  particular  in  their  choice 
—  of  any  who  came  in  their  way.  When  the 
sword  was  "  thrown "  through  the  house  men- 
tioned, those  roughs  used  to  seize  it,  and  bear  it 
in  triumph  to  the  Mansion  House,  where  they 
were  rewarded  with  ale,  bread,  beef,  &c.  In 
course  of  time  the  journeymen  butchers,  slaugh- 
ter-house-porters and  others  engaged  about  Bull 
Alley,  Patrick  Street,  and  the  adjoining  markets, 
thought  themselves  able  to  cope  with  the  coal- 
porters,  and  have  a  share,  not  only  in  the  honour 
of  carrying  the  sword  to  the  Mansion  House,  but 
of  sharing  in  the  reward  that  followed  this  piece 
of  municipal  loyalty.  Here  then,  at  this  point, 
the  "black  diamonds"  —  as  the  coal  porters  were 
called  —  and  the  "swabs"  (butchers,  &c.),  met, 
and  very  sanguinary  conflicts  took  place  about 
the  possession  of  the  "  sword  of  state."  I  have, 
myself,  witnessed  three  or  four  fearful  fights  be- 
tween such  parties  for  the  sword.  At  last  it  be- 
came the  fashion  to  run  away  altogether  with  it, 
and  I  have  heard  that  on  two  or  three  occasions 
it  was  kept  for  months.  In  my  own  day  I  have 
known  it  to  be  retained  for  two  or  more  days, 
and  only  returned  when  it  was  redeemed  from 
some  public-house,  where  it  was  pawned  for  a 
couple  barrels  of  porter  and  a  corresponding 
quantity  of  bread  and  beef.  I  was  informed 
that  about  the  time  mentioned  in  the  advertise- 
ment, that  the  sword  was  really  stolen,  but 
whether  it  was  ever  restored,  I  am  not  able  to 
say.  This,  I  trust, 'will  afford  Abhba  the  inform- 
ation he  requires.  The  last  time  I  saw  the 
"Riding  of  the  Franchises"  was  in  1840,  just 
before  the  Municipal  Reform  Bill  of  that  year 
swept  away  the  old  Dublin  Corporation,  and  in- 
troduced (in  1841)  the  late  Mr.  O'Connell  as  the 
first  lord  mayor  of  Dublin  under  tlie  new  pro- 
visions. Sir  J.  K.  James  was  the  last  lord  mayor 
under  the  old  regime.  I  have  been  more  elabo- 
rate than  the  mere  question  asked  by  your  cor- 
respondent would  warrant,  but  I  think  it  right  to 
place  on  record  in  "  N.  &  Q."  facts  that  perhaps 
might  otherwise  escape  a  permanent  place  of 
reference.  The  municipal  bill  alluded  to  abolished 
what  was  called  "  the  good  old  hospitable  customs," 
of  course  the  Jighting  included.  S.  Redmond. 

Liverpool. 


I  have  got  the  following  paragraph  transcribed 
from  the  second  chapter  of  the  Recollections  of 
John  O'Keefe,  believing  that  it  may  interest  your 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59. 


correspondent  Abhba,  who  has  requested  some 
information  regarding  the  seizure  of  the  Lord 
Mayor's  sword  as  alluded  to  in  the  FreemarCs 
Jmimal  of  1764.  O'Keefe  died  in  1833,  aged 
eighty-six. 

"  In  the  Eaii  of  Meath's  Liberty,  the  Lord  Mayor  of 
Dublin  has  no  jurisdiction,  this  quarter  of  the  town  hav- 
ing a  Court  of  its  own.  This  Liberty  consists  of  some  of 
the  largest  and  finest  streets  in  Dublin;  for  instance, 
Meath  St.,  Francis  St.,  and  the  Coombe.  In  the  latter 
was  the  Weavers'  Hall :  over  the  gate  a  pedestrian  gilt 
statue*,  as  large  as  life,  of  George  the  Second.  The  Lord 
Mayor  walked  the  boundaries,  his  sword-bearer  before 
hini ;  but  when  arrived  at  the  point  where  the  Liberty 
begins,  he  was  met  by  a  certain  chosen  number  of  people, 
who  stopped  his  progress,  and  in  a  kind  of  seeming 
scuffle  took  the  sword  from  the  sword-bearer ;  if  not  thus 
prevented,  and  the  Lord  Maj-or  permitted  to  go  on, 
wherever  he  went  with  his  sword  of  office  borne  before 
him,  the  power  of  his  warrant  would  reach;  but  this 
ceremou}'  is  done  without  the  least  riot  or  ill-will,  being 
part  of  tlie  business  previously  well  prepared.  AH  this 
affair  took  place  in  one  day,  the  first  of  August,  every 
third  year.  To  this  grand  triennial  festival  people  flocked 
to  Dublin  from  all  parts  of  Ireland,  England,  Scotland, 
and  even  from  the  Continent ;  it  was  always  looked  to 
with  great  joj'.  The  Kegatta  at  Venice  was  something 
in  this  way.  Many  years  after  I  wrote  a  piece,  and  had 
it  brought  "out  at  Crow  Street,  for  the  express  purpose  of 
introducing  the  procession,  and  beautiful  pageantry  of  our 
Dublin  franchises." 

William  John  Fitz-Pateick. 


LAST    WOLF    IN    SCOTLAND. 

(2°'^  S.  viii.  169.) 

The  Messrs.  Stuart,  in  their  notes  to  The  Lays 
of  the  Deer  Forest,  in  an  article  of  great  interest 
on  the  "  Extinct  Animals  of  Scotland,"  give  us 
some  very  curious  anecdotes  relative  to  wolves ; 
and  among  others  notice  the  wolf  killed  in  Loch- 
Aber  by  Sir  Ewen  Cameron  in  1680,  being  the 
last  in  that  country,  which  Pennant  misunderstood 
to  have  been  the  last  of  its  species  in  Scotland. 
(Tour  in  Scotland,  i.  206.)  I  presume  that  this 
ivas  the  animal  to  which  allusion  is  made  by  Mr. 
Lloyd  as  having  been  sold  in  1818.  The  Messrs. 
Stuart,  who  are  learned  in  wood-craft,  observe 
that  every  district  has  its  last  wolf,  and  they 
mention  several  as  having  been  killed  later  than 
that  by  Sir  Ewen  Cameron.  They  say  that  there 
is  every  reason  to  believe  that  the  "  last "  of  his 
species  was  killed  in  the  district  of  the  Findhorn, 
in  the  ancient  Forest'of  Tarnaway  in  Morayshire, 
at  a  place  between  Fi-Giuthas  and  Pall-a'-chro- 
cain,  according  to  popular  chronology,  no  longer 
ago  than  1743.  This  animal  was  killed  by  Mac 
Queen  of  Pall-a'-chrocain,  who  died  in  1797,  and 
is  represented  as  being  a  man  of  gigantic  stature, 
six  feet  seven  inches  in  height,  and  remarkable 
for  his  strength,  courage,  and  celebrity  as  a  deer- 

*  This  statue,  which  still  exists,  has  been  painted,  as 
long  as  I  remember,  black.  —  W.  J.  F. 


stalker.  The  following  account  is  given  of  the 
death  of  this  "  last  wolf,"  which  may  be  interest- 
ing to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q. :  — 

"  One  winter's  day,  about  the  year  before  mentioned, 
Mac  Queen  received  a  message  from  the  Laird  of  Mac 
Intosh  that  a  large  ♦  black  beast,'  supposed  to  be  a  wolf, 
had  appeared  in  the  glens,  and  the  day  before  killed  two 
children,  who,  with  their  mother,  were  crossing  the  hills 
from  Calder,  in  consequence  of  which  a  '  Tainchel,'  or 
gathering  to  drive  the  country,  was  called  to  meet  at  a 
trj'st  above  Fi-Giuthas,  where  Mac  Queen  was  invited 
to  attend  with  his  dogs.  Pall-a'-chrocain  informed  him- 
self of  the  place  where  the  children  had  been  killed — the 
last  tracts  of  the  wolf,  and  the  conjectures  of  his  haunt, 
and  promised  his  assistance. 

"  In  the  morning  the  '  Tainchel '  had  long  assembled, 
and  Mac  Intosh  waited  with  impatience,  but  Mac  Queen 
did  not  arrive;  his  dogs  and  himself  were,  however, 
auxiliaries  too  important  to  be  left  behind,  and  they  con- 
tinued to  wait  until  the  best  of  a  hunter's  morning  was 
gone,  when  at  last  he  appeared,  and  Mac  Intosh  received 
him  with  an  irritable  expression  of  disappointment. 

" '  Ciod  e  a'  chabhag  f  '  '  What  was  the  hurry  ?  '  said 
Pall-a'-chrocain. 

"  Mac  Intosh  gave  an  indignant  retort,  and  all  present 
made  some  impatient  replj'. 

"Mac  Queen  lifted  his  plaid  —  and  drew  the  black 
bloody  head  of  the  wolf  from  under  his  arm  —  *  Siti  e 
dhiiibh  ' — '  There  it  is  for  you ! '  said  he,  and  tossed  it  on 
the  grass  in  the  midst  of  the  surprised  circle. 

"  Mac  Intosh  expressed  great  joj'  and  admiration,  and 
gave  him  the  land  called  Sean-achan  for  meat  to  his 
dogs." 

John  Maclean. 

Hammersmith. 


JSiti^liti  t0  ;^tnar  ^ntxiti. 

Suffragan  Bishop  (2""i  S.  viii.  225.)  —  There 
can  be  no  doubt  that  the  date  of  Thomas  Man- 
ning's appointment  as  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Ips- 
wich is  1536,  and  not  1539,  as  quoted  by  B.  B. 
Woodward  from  Tanner's  MS.  Index  to  the 
Norwich  Episcopal  Register,  if,  indeed,  the  last- 
named  date  is  intended  to  refer  to  his  consecra- 
tion. The  royal  mandate  addressed  to  Cranmer 
is  in  Rymer  (vol.  xiv.  p.  559.),  and  is  dated 
March  7,  1536  :  — 

"Reverendus  Pater  et  dilectus  Consiliarius  noster 
Richardus  Norwicensis  Episcopus  nobis  significavit  quod 
Dioecesis  sua  Episcopi  Suffraganei  solatio,  qui  suaa  solici- 
tudinis  partem  sustinere  consuevit,  destituta  est  et  ex- 
istit,  et  ideo  Reverendos  Patres  Georgium  Abbatem 
Monasterii  Beatae  Mariae  de  Leyston,  et  Thomam  IMan- 
nynge  Priorem  Monasterii  Beatae  Mariae  de  Butley,  Nor- 
wicensis  Dioecesis  ....  praesentavit,  humiliter  et  devote 
supplicans  &c.  Unde  Nos,  ex  gratia  nostra  speciali 
.  .  .  dictum  Reverendum  Patrem   Thomam  Mannynge 

alterum  ex  dictis  prsesentatis,  in  Episcopum  Suf- 

fraganeum  Sedis  Gipwici,  Norwicensi  Dioecese  antedicta 
nominamus  .  . .  requirentes  vos,  &c.  &c." 

I  have  thus  partially  quoted  this  document  for 
the  sake  of  pointing  out  what  appears  to  me  a 
remarkable  circumstance.  This  Bishop  of  Nor- 
wich, llichard  Nykke,  at  whose  request,  and  for 
whose  "  solace,"  this  appointment  was  made,  and 


•2^^  S.  VIII,  Oct.  8,  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


297 


who  had,  in  fact,  for  several  years  before  his 
decease,  been  quite  blind,  was  at  the  date  of  this 
instrument  dead,  and  had  indeed  been  nearly 
two  months  dead,  departing  this  life  on  January 
14.  The  see  of  Norwich  itself  therefore  was  at 
the  time  vacant,  the  successor.  Repps,  not  being 
even  elected  until  May  31,  1536.  By  the  Act  26 
Henry  VIII.  the  suffragan  would  have  no  au- 
thority but  by,  and  during,  commission  from  his 
principal.  John  Williams. 

Arno's  Court. 

Syr  Tryamoure  (2°*  S.  viii.  225.)  —  I  send  the 
following  attempted  explanations  of  the  passages 
given  by  E.  S.  J.  :  — 

1.  '■'■  Evyr'''  must,  I  think,  be  for  "aver," 
though  I  know  of  no  other  place  in  old  poetry 
where  it  is  so  spelt. 

2.  "  Noghtfor  thy  "  signifies  "  however,"  "  not- 
withstanding."    Compare 

"  The  lad  ne  let  no  with  for  thi 
They  he  criede  nierci !  merci !  " 

Havelok  the  Dane,  1.  2500. 

which  passage  means  the  lad  did  not  leave  off, 
although  they  cried  him  mercy. 

3.  "  Be  wyth  chaionce  "  seems  simply  pleonastic 
for  "  by  chance." 

4.  "  Evei'y  of."  Compare  Coventry  Mysteries, 
p.  22.,  1.  14.,  Shaks.  Soc.  ed. ;  it  is  also  frequent 
in  writers  of  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury, in  the  sense  of  "  each  one  "  of  many. 

5.  "  On  hye."  "  Hye "  is  the  substantive  of 
the  verb  "  hie,"  to  haste,  which  is  now  nearly 
confined  to  sporting  phrases. 

6.  "  Warne  "=  "  avoid."  No  man  could  avoid 
his  prowess.     Compare 

"  To  warne  thy  dome  me  ne  gaynes." 

Chester  Flays  in  Doomsday. 

7.  The  foresters  swore  they  would  give  him 
no  pass  ("  wedd  "),  but  must  have  his  person,  and 
that  there  was  no  other  way  ("  ne")  for  him;  the 
last  line  being  in  "  direct  oration,"  as  the  context 
shows. 

8.  "  Grete  "  here  =  "  lament." 

9.  Sir  Tryamour  says,  when  he  has  lopped  off 
the  legs  of  the  giant  Burlond,  that  we  little  ones 
have  some  chance  with  you  now  we  have  reduced 
you  to  the  same  size. 

10.  "  Wayne"  must  mean  "  swing,"  I  think,  as 
E.  S.  J.  suggests. 

11.  "  Withiney'wys  "=  within  I  wis,  as  E.S.  J. 
has  it.  CoEMELL  Price. 

Cross  and  Candlesticks  on  Super-altar  (2^^  S. 
viii.  255.) — Mr.  R.  H.  N.  Browne  states  that  the 
super-altar  is  a  ledge  to  support  "  the  cross  and 
candlesticks  which  are  ordered  to  be  placed  there 
by  the  Rubric  of  our  present  Prayer-Book  in  the 
Church  of  England." 

In  The  Times  report  of  the  judgment  in  Wes- 
terton  v.  Liddell  (Dec.  22,  1856),  a  Rubric  is 


cited  from  the  "  Institutiones  Liturgicce  ad  usum 
Seminarii  Itomani"  by  which  it  is  ordered, — 
"  Collocetur  crux  et  candelabra  saltem  duo." 
But  in  inability  to  find  such  Rubric  in  "  our 
present  Prayer-book  of  the  Church  of  England," 
Mr.  Browne  would  oblige  by  a  reference  to  it. 

Lancastriensis. 
Bacon's  Essay  XLV.  (2"^  S.  v.  181.)  — 
"  Neither  is  it  ill  Air  only  that  maketh  an  ill  Seat ; 
but  ill  Ways,  ill  Markets ;  and,  if  you  will  consult  with 
Momus,  ill  Neighbours." 

Upon  this  EiRioNNACH,  at  the  above  reference, 
remarks,  — 

"  An  ordinary  man  would  consider  this  passage  so  plain 
as  to  require  no  comment ;  Mr.  Singer,  however,  thinks 
differently,  and  appends  the  following  extraordinary 
note ;  — 

" '  /.  e.  If  you  are  disposed  to  lead  a  pleasant  life,  Motnus 
being  the  god  of  mirth.' ! ! 

"  I  need  hardly  remark  that  Momus  is  not '  the  god  of 
mirth  '  (unless  Sardonic  mirth),  but  the  god  of  mockery 
and  ridicule,  carping  and  fault-finding:  and  that  this 
most  unnecessary  note  destroys  the  whole  force  of  the 
passage." 

I  agree  with  Eirionnach  that  Mr.  Singer's 
note  is  "extraordinary"  and  "most  unnecessary;" 
but  I  think  Eirionnach's  super-note  equally  ex- 
traordinary, and  equally  calculated  to  mislead. 
Bacon's  allusion  is  so  obvious  to  the  scholar, 
that  I  can  only  express  surprise  that  either  Mr. 
Singer  or  his  censor  should  have  missed  it :  but 
for  ordinary  readers  I  should  think  an  explana,- 
tory  note  far  from  unnecessary.  "  If  you  will 
consult  with  Momus  "  is  an  allusion  to  the  trite 
story  of  Momus  deriding  Minerva  because  she 
had  not  made  her  house  movable,  which  therefore 
could  not  be  shifted  out  of  an  ill  neighbourhood. 

Clammild. 

Athenffium  Club. 

Jasper  Runic  Ring  (2"**  S.  viii.  248.)  —  In 
answer  to  Mr.  Frank's  inquiry  as  to  the  Cum- 
berland runic  ring,  it  may  possibly  be  now  in  the 
Royal  Museum  at  Copenhagen  :  at  least  in  the 
Afbildninger  fra  der  Kovgelige  Museum  for  Nor- 
diske  Oldsager  i  Kjoberchaon,  at  p.  87.,  No.  342., 
is  one  with  runes  very  much  like  it,  as  far  as  my 
recollection  of  the  former  goes,  but  I  have  not  it 
at  hand  for  comparison  of  the  letters.  The  only 
difference  would  be  that  the  Danish  one  is  said  to 
be  electrura,  the  Cumberland  one  cornelian :  the 
size  would  be  the  same.  W.  B.,  Ph.  D. 

Louis  the  Fifteenth  (2"^  S.  viii.  268.)  —  On  the 
trial  of  the  late  Earl  of  Stirling,  Lord  Meadow- 
bank  stated  that  Louis  XV.  never  wrote  but  two 
words  in  his  life,  "bon"  and  "Louis  R."  This  as- 
sertion was  disproved  by  the  Baron  de  Pages,  one 
of  the  French  witnesses  examined  on  the  trial,  who 
being  interrogated  as  to  the  writing  attributed  to 
Louis  XV.,  answered,  "  It  is  exactly  like  the  speci- 


298 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2»o  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8,  'oS 


mens  of  his  writing  wLich  I  have  brought  with  me." 
This  witness  then  procluced  notes  written  by  Louis 
XV.,  which  he  had  brought  from  collections  in  Paris. 
Lord  Meadowbank  referred  to  Voltaire  as  his  au- 
thority for  the  statement  quoted  above ;  but  the 
fact  is,  as  I  believe,  that  nothing  of  the  kind  is  to  be 
found  in  Voltaire's  writings.  I  would  here  remark 
that  before  Y.  S.  M.  again  ventures  to  publish  state- 
ments about  a  nobleman  and  gentleman  who  has 
been  dead  but  a  very  few  months,  and  the  greater 
part  of  whose  fiimily  are  still  living,  he  should 
thoroughly  satisfy  himself  of  the  truth  of  what  he 
advances.  As,  therefore,  the  statement  of  your 
correspondent  is  not  true,  I  wish  the  following 
facts  made  public  :  — 

1.  Alexander,  late  Earl  of  Stirling  and  Dovan 
(c7e  jure),  previous  to  assuming  his  title,  obtained 
from  George  IV.  the  royal  licence  to  assume  the 
name  of  Alexander  in  addition  to  his  patronymic 
Humphrys. 

2.  It  is  not  the  fact  that  the  trial  of  the  late 
Earl  of  Stirling,  on  the  29th  April,  1839,  resulted 
in  his  conviction :  on  the  contrary,  he  was  ac- 
quitted. This  is  not  a  place  for  a  history  of  the 
trial ;  but  one  incident,  wholly  overlooked  in  the 
Crown  report,  deserves  mention.  After  a  few 
only  of  Lord  Stirling's  witnesses  had  been  heard, 
the  foreman  or  chancellor  of  the  jury  rose,  and, 
addressing  the  court,  stated  that  the  jury  saw  no 
necessity  for  going  on  with  the  case,  as  they  had 
made  up  their  minds  to  give  a  verdict  for  Lord 
Stirling.  The  presiding  judue,  however,  insisted 
on  the  trial  proceeding;  which  resulted,  as  I  have 
stated  above,  in  the  acquittal  of  the  defendant.  I 
trust  you  will  find  room  for  this  in  an  early  im- 
pression of  "  N.  &  Q."  J.  A.  Pn. 

Sidney  as  a  Feminine  Christian  Name  (P'  S.  vii. 
392.)  In  a  notice  in  the  2"imes  of  Sept.  8th, 
of  the  Very  Rev.  C.  B.  Clough,  Dean  of  Asaph, 
it  is  said  that  he  married,  in  1817,  Margaret 
Sidney,  daughter  of  E.  Jones,  of  Wepre  Hall, 
Flintshire,  Esq.  P.  J.  F.  Gantit.lon. 

Why  is  Luther  represented  ivith  a  Goose  (2"*  S. 
viii.  243.  247.)  —  Whilst  the  Bohemian  reformer, 
John  Huss,  was  lying  in  the  prison  of  Constance 
he  had  a  dream  — 

"  And  it  seemed  as  if  some  pictures  of  Cnr.iST,  that  he 
had  been  painting  on  the  walls  of  his  oratory,  were  ef- 
faced by  the  Pope  and  the  bishops.  The  dream  afflicted 
him.  But  the  next  night  he  dreamed  again :  he  seemed 
to  see  painters  move  in  number,  and  with  more  of  effect, 
restoring  the  pictures  of  Jesus.  He  told  the  dream  to 
his  friends :  '  I  am  no  vain  dreamer  '  (said  he), '  but  hold 
for  certain  that  the  image  of  Christ  shall  never  be  effaced. 
They  wish  to  destroy  it ;  but  it  shall  be  painted  afresh  in 
the  hearts  of  gospel-preachers  better  than  myself.  And 
I,  awaking  as  it  were  from  the  dead,  and  rising  from  the 
grave,  shall  rejoice  with  exceeding  great  joy.' "  (Merle 
D'Aubigny,  Hist.  i.  79.) 

Many  see  the  fulfilment  of  Huss's  prophecy  in 
the  advent  of  Luther,  exactly  one  century  later. 


Pope  Adrian,  in  1523,  observes  in  a  Brief  ad- 
dressed to  the  Diet  at  Nuremberg:  "The  heretics 
Huss  and  Jerome  seem  to  be  alive  again  in  the 
person  of  Luther  !  " 

In  a  letter  of  Huss  sent  from  Constance  to 
Prague,  the  following  passage  elucidates  the  Query 
of  F.  Mewburn  :  — 

"  Prius  laqueos  citationes  et  anathemata  ansen  para- 
verunt  [^Hms  is  the  Bohemian  forjroosel ;  et  jam  nonnullis 
ex  vobis  insidiantur.  Sed  quia  anser,  animal  cicur,  avis 
domestica,  suprema  volatu  suo  non  pertingens  eorum 
laqueos  [non]  rupit,  nihilo-minus  aliiB  aves,  quse  verbo 
Dei  et  vita  volatu  suo  alta  petunt,  eorum  insidias  con- 
terent." 

Hence,  says  Gleseler,  the  reported  prophecy  of 
Huss,  "  Hodie  anserem  uritis  ;  sed  ex  meis  cine- 
ribus  nascetur  cygmis,  quem  non  assare  poteri- 
tis."  (  Vide  Elliot,  Horce  Apoc.  ii.  442,  443.,  where 
may  also  be  seen  a  facsimile  of  the  ancient  medal 
of  Huss's  martyrdom  and  prophecy.)     J.  S.,  k.  n. 

Quotation  f7-om  Voltaire  (2"''  S.  vl.  188.)— Your 
correspondent  Delta  required  a  reference  in  the 
seventy  volumes  of  the  IVoi-hs  of  the  above  au- 
thor, to  a  quotation  which  he  subjoined.  I  am 
happy  to  answer  his  Quer3',  having  accidentally 
met  with  the  passage. 

Delta  has  rather  transposed  the  sentences, 
though  the  meaning  is  the  same,  and  there  are 
two  or  three  words  which  require  correction  to 
make  the  quotation  agree  with  the  original.  Al- 
low me  to  add  an  amended  copy  of  the  words  in 
question  :  — 

"  D'oii  vient  notre  d^licatesse?  c'est  que  plus  les  mceurs 
sont  depravees,  plus  les  expressions  deviennent  mesure'es. 
On  croit  regagner  en  paroles  ce  qu'on  a  perdu  en  verfu. 
La  pudeur  s'est  enfuie  des  ccenrs,  et  s'est  refugide  sur  lea 
Ifevres."  —  (Euvres  Completes  de  Voltaire,  tome  12'<""S  p. 
274.,  edition  1785.    "  Lettre  du  Traducteur  du  Cantique." 

Respondens. 

Goidston  Family  (2"''  S.  viii.  250.)  —  I  think 
your  correspondent  C.  S.  will  find  some  account 
of  the  Goulstons  in  Baker's  Northamptonshire. 
Di\  Theodore  Goulston,  the  eminent  physician, 
and  founder  of  the  lecture  that  bears  his  name, 
was  a  native  of  Northants.     He  died  in  1632. 

C.  J.  Robinson. 

Irish  Registry  Acts  (2»^  S.  v.  69.)  —  Tlie 
provisions  of  the  Acts  have,  I  believe,  always 
been  adhered  to.  In  some  tolerably  extensive 
searches  in  the  books  I  have  never  met  an  in- 
stance where  the  names  of  the  grantees  were 
omitted  from  the  memorials ;  and  I  have  never 
heard  of  such  an  omission.  Mk.  Meekins  cannot 
be  serious  when  he  asks  whether  calendars  of 
those  gigantic  records,  extending  in  unbroken 
succession  from  the  year  1708,  and  embracing 
nearly  the  entire  landed  property  of  Ireland,  are 
to  be  published.  A  proposal  to  print  such  calen- 
dars would  rather  startle  the  House  of  Com- 
mons.    Your  readers  can  understand  this  when 


2°3  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


299 


I  tell  them  that  in  this  vast  collection  are  deeds 
of  all  kinds  relating  to  landed  property,  —  con- 
veyances, settlements,  leases,  &c.  &c.  &c. ;  in 
short,  deeds  of  every  conceivable  nature,  and 
amounting  to  many  hundreds  of  thousands. 

Y.  S.  M. 

English  and  Fot'eign  Custom  of  eating  Goose 
(2"'*  S.  viii.  243.)  —  In  England  the  custom  is 
supposed  to  be  derived  from  the  fact  of  Queen 
Elizabeth  being  at  dinner  and  eating  goose  (29th 
Sept.)  when  the  news  arrived  of  the  defeat  of  the 
Spanish  armada  ;  thence  the  appearance  of  a 
goose  at  table  on  that  day  was  perpetuated. 

F.  K.  S.,  Bibl.  Aul.  Regis. 

Dublin. 

The  Termination  "-hayne"  (2"^  S.  viii.  171. 
237.)  —  This  is  doubtless,  as  has  been  already 
suggested,  from  the  A.-S.  haej  or  heje,  a  hedge, 
or  that  which  a  hedge  encloses.  My  object  is 
not  so  much  to  state  that  as  to  give  an  instance 
(one  out  of  many  that  I  have  met  with,  but  the 
only  one  I  can  lay  my  finger  upon  just  now)  in 
which  the  very  word  ha)/7i  occurs  in  an  English 
poem :  — 

"  All  liounderd  plows  in  demaynus 
fFayere  parkes  in-w\'th  haynus." 

Sir  Deyrscant,  v.  70.  (Cam.  Soc.) 

It  is  hardly  necessary  to  say  that  the  modern 
hedge,   ha-ha  (as  applied  to  a  sunk  fence%  and 
i^ai«;-thorn  (called  haigh  in  Yorkshire)  are  from 
the  same  root.     In  mediteval  Latin  haga  meant  a 
house,   perhaps   (says  Spelman)  because   houses 
were  first  constructed  of  twigs  wattled  together  ; 
haia  meant  a  park  as  well  as  a  hedge ;  thus,  "Do- 
minus  Rex  habet  unam  capellam  in  haia  sua  de 
Kingeste."     Haga  was  also  applied  to  a  military 
fort,  such  as  was   otherwise   called  burgtis,   and 
from  any  one  of  these  meanings  hai/ne  might  very  I 
easily  become  a  local  terminal ;  just  as  Rothwell  I 
Haigh  and  Thornhill   Haigh  are  the  names    of  j 
hamlets  in  the  parishes  of  Rothwell  and  Thornhill  i 
in  the  West  Riding.  J.  Eastwood.  \ 

De  Foe's  Descendants  (2"*  S.  viii.  51.)  —  CM.  ! 
is  informed  that  there  are  now  living  six  de-  I 
scendants  of  Daniel  De  Foe  in  the  Baker  line.  ! 
It  is  believed  that  the  family  of  De  Foe  is  extinct 
in  the  male  line,  his  present  representative  in  I 
that  case  being  the  Rev.  H.  De  Foe  Baker,  i 
Thruxton,  Hants,  to  whom  C.  M.  is  recom- 
mended to  apply,  if  he  desires  farther  informa-  { 
tion.  M.  A.  I 

I 

Abbreviated  Names  of  English  Counties  (2"^  S.  I 
vii.  404. ;  viii.  219.)  —  The  manner  in  which  the 
abbreviated  form  for  Hampshire,  Hants,  has  been 
formed  may  be  deemed  worthy  of  a  note.  The 
original  Saxon  name  was  Hamtunscir,  a  combina- 
tion of  sounds  which  the  Normans  altered  into 
Hanieschire,   as  we  have  it  in  Domesday,  —  the  '■ 


nasal  liquid  being  preferred  by  them,  a  similar 
instance  of  which  is  found  in  their  mode  of  spell- 
ing and  pronouncing  Lincolnshire.  From  Haii- 
teschire,  Hants  is  derived  by  the  simplest  process 
of  abridgement  by  curtailing.  This  fact  is  of 
more  importance  than  usually  attaches  to  these 
abbreviated  names  ;  for  Camden,  regarding  Hants 
as  an  original  form,  ventured  to  identify  the 
Antona  of  Ptolemy  with  the  Test,  and  referred  to 
Southampton,  and  to  Andover,  Amport,  ^c,  in 
proof  of  his  hypothesis.  The  oldest  name  of  the 
Test  is  Tairstan.  B.  B.  Woodward. 

Haverstock  Hill. 

Patron  Saints  (2"*  S.  viii.  141.)  — The  catalogue 
of  W.  T.  M.  may  be  enlarged  with  a  few  not  no- 
ticed therein,  from  the  Second  Booh  of  the  Mo- 
narchy of  the  famous  Sir  David  Lindsay  of  the 
Mount  (edit.  Edin,  1776),  and  in  his  own  graphic 
versification :  — 

"  Some  to  saint  Koch  with  diligence, 
To  save  them  from  the  pestilence. 
For  their  teeth  to  saiut  Appolline. 
To  saint  Trodwel  to  mend  their  een. 
Some  make  offerings  to  saint  Eloy, 
That  lie  their  horse  may  well  convoy. 
They  run  when  they  have  jewels  tint, 
To  saint  Syeth  ere  e'er  they  stint : 
And  to  saint  Germane  to  get  remead, 
For  maladies  into  their  head. 
Tliej'  bring  mad  men  on  feet  and  horse, 
xVad  binds  to  Saint  Mungo's  cross. 

For  good  novels,  as  I  heard  tell. 
Some  take  their  way  to  Gabriel. 

To  saint  Anthon  to  save  the  sow. 
To  saint  Bride  for  calf  and  cow. 

Saint  Ninian  of  a  rotten  stock. 
,    Saint  Dutho  horded  out  of  a  block. 

A  thousand  more  I  might  declare." 

G.N. 

Extraordinary  Birth  (2°'*  S.  viii.  257.)— On  the 
subject  of  extraordinary  births,  it  is  worth  re- 
cording in  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  that  rather 
more  than  forty  years  ago  the  wife  of  a  man  in 
humble  life,  near  Bromsgrove,  had  four  children 
at  one  birth.  They  were  all  girls  ;  and  this  in- 
stance is,  to  my  mind,  the  most  extraordinary  on 
record,  because  all  these  children  lived,  I  myself 
saw  them  all  four  together  when  they  were  about 
eleven  years  old.  They  lived  near  the  high-road 
to  Worcester,  a  short  distance  from  Bromsgrove. 
When  I  saw  them  they  were  all  dressed  alike,  and 
I  could  detect  no  difference  in  their  features. 

F.  C.  H. 

Bell  Metal  (2"'^  S.  viii.  249.)  — If  B  Natukal 
will  visit  any  bell  founders  when  they  are  melting, 
and  give  the  men  a  shilling  or  two,  and  throw  as 
many  more  as  he  pleases  into  the  furnace,  they 
will  tell  him  the  proportion  of  tin  they  put  in ; 
and  he  will  have  practical  knowledge  of  the  pro- 


300 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  8.  '5?. 


portion  of  silver  in  the  alloy.  It  is  a  vulgar  error, 
long  ago  exploded,  that  silver  forms  any  portion 
of  pure  bell-metal.  Hand-bells  are  sometimes 
made  -wholly  of  silver :  there  is  a  small  one  for 
the  use  of  the  President  of  the  College  of  Physi- 
cians, the  gift  of  their  munificent  benefactor  Dr. 
Baldwin  Hamey,  who  died  1 676 ;  it  is  Inscribed 
"  Mortuus  est  tamen  hie  audltur  Hamseus." 

Seven  of  tin  to  twenty-two  of  copper  was  the 
composition  of  Old  Big  Ben,  according  to  the 
published  accounts.  H.  T.  Ellacombe. 

At  the  casting  of  the  tenor  bell  of  Lavenham 
various  gentlemen  of  the  neighbourhood  being 
present  threw  their  silver  tankards  into  the  melt- 
ing-pot, having  first  drank  the  loyal  toast  of 
"  Church  and  King."  (See  Saturday  Mag.  vol.  i.) 
F.  R.  S.,  Bibl.  Aul.  Regis. 

Dublin. 

EtoccBtum  (2''*  S.  vil.  256.;  viii.  179.)  — Con- 
sidering the  extent  to  which  the  Romans  Latin- 
ised Celtic  local  names.  It  is  quite  as  probable  that 
EtoccBtum  Is  from  the  Celtic  as  from  the  Greek. 
It  may  come  from  Brit.  "  at  a  colt,"  which  Baxter 
translates  "apud  sylvas,"  whence  the  Attacotti 
(the  Silures)  derived  their  name.  These  Attacotti 
are  in  ancient  British  authors  called  Argoet  and 
Argoetdys.  R.  S.  Charnock. 

Battens  (2"^  S.  viii.  249.)  —  This  word  Is  ap- 
parently connected  with  the  A.-S.  hat,  meaning 
staff,  club,  stick,  but  none  of  the  Dictionaries  at- 
tempt a  derivation.  5«/ing-=cable,  anything  that 
holds  or  restrains,  which  may  possibly  explain  the 
sea-term  "  battening  down  the  hatches."  A  hatten 
in  building  is  a  piece  of  deal  about  seven  Inches 
deep  by  two  Inches  thick,  such  as  are  used  for 
supporting  the  boards  of  the  floor  of  an  upper 
room.  J.  Eastwood. 

Rustic  Superstition  (2"*  S.  viii.  242.)  —  It  is  a 
usual  saying  in  Norfolk,  and  probably  In  many 
other  parts,  that  good  luck  is  portended  by  rain 
at  a  funeral,  and  by  sunshine  at  a  wedding.  The 
moon  does  sometimes  appear  In  its  wane  to  lie 
almost  horizontally  In  the  sky,  looking  certainly 
like  a  boat;  and  this  appearance  in  Norfolk  is 
considered  a  sign  of  fine  weather.  F.  C.  H. 


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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


301 


LONDON.  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  15.  1859. 


No.  198.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  Book-Markers,  by  I^^jfessor  De  Morgan,  301  —  Bishop  Bedell, 

by  Kcv.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  76 Heralds'  Visitations,  303  — Jack  or 

Newbury,  301  —  Romance  of  the  Sangraal,  lb. 

Minor  Notfs:  — Nell  Gwynn's  Sister  — Great  Bells  at  Westminster 
Palace  — Old  St.  Paul's  a  PaYrng  Quarry  — Shadows  — Bryden's  Re- 
cantation, 306. 

QUERIES  :  —  Jacobite  Manuscripts,  by  John  Pavin  Phillips,  307. 

Minor  Qokriks:  — Sir  John  Hart- "Sunt  Monachi  nequam"  — The 
First  Marquis  of  Antrim  —  The  Mysterious  Cheque- bearer  —  Mr. 
Willett,  Purchaser  of  Orleans  Pictures  —  Queenborough  Castle,  Isle 
ofSheppey  — The  Mowbray  Family— Texts  — Fuller's  Funeral  Ser- 
mon—Archbishop Laud  —  Seven  Dates  Vacant  —  Symbolical  mean- 
ing of  a  Cloven  Foot  —  Dutch  Tragedy,  &c.,  308. 

Minor  Qcebies  ■wiTa  Answers:  — Sir  John  Bankes  in  1676 Mrs.  B. 

Hoole,  afterwards  Hoiiand  —  E.  H.  Keating's  Dramas  —  Seal  Inscrip- 
tion —  Anna  Liffey  —  The  Termination  "  -sex,"  311. 

REPLIES:  —Lady  Culros's  Dreame,  311  —  Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gal- 
lery, 313  — Forged  Assignats,  by  E.  C.  Robson,  314  — Author  of  the 
Epistle  to  the  Hebrews,  by  T.  J.  Buckton,  315. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries:  —  Eulenspiegel  —  Charles  Bailly,  Secretary 
to  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  —  The  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Ipswich  —  Scotch 
Genealogies  :  Jerningham  Family  —  Carriage-boot  —  Cibber's  Apolo- 
gy —  Chatterton  Manuscripts  —  "  The  Royal  Slave"  —  "Horn  et 
Rimcnhild  I  "Childe  Home"  — Faber  v.  Smith— John  Baynes  — 
Etymology  of  the  word  Battens  —  Rustic  Superstition,  &c.,  316. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


^atti* 


BOOK-MARKERS. 


By  a  hookmarker  I  do  not  mean  the  baby  paper- 
knife  which  is  sold  in  the  shops  to  keep  the  place 
in  the  intervals  of  actual  perusal,  but  the  little 
rectangular  slip  of  paper  which  is  inserted  be- 
tween two  leaves  for  more  permanent  use  in  re- 
ference. Every  person  who  requires  them  should 
keep  a  stock  by  him,  ready  to  hand.  It  is  a  great 
mistake  to  suppose  that  markers  will  present 
themselves  pro  re  nata  :  the  reader  who  does  not 
provide  them  beforehand  will  find  that  on  many 
occasions  it  is  a  harder  job  to  lay  hold  of  a  dis- 
posable bit  of  paper  than  he  reckoned  on.  What 
says  the  old  proverb?  —  For  want  of  a  nail  the 
shoe  was  lost ;  for  want  of  a  shoe  the  horse  was 
lost;  for  want  of  a  horse  the  rider  was  overtaken 
by  the  enemy —  and  cut  down.  And  in  like  man- 
ner, for  want  of  a  mark  the  place  was  lost ;  for 
want  of  the  place  the  fact  was  lost ;  for  want  of 
the  fact  the  author  was  overtaken  by  the  reviewer 
—  and  cut  up.  Therefore  let  no  man  who  writes 
think  lightly  of  bookmarkers. 

A  bookmarker  will  remain  in  a  book  for  many 
years.  I  have  bought  books  with  markers  in 
them  which  contained  the  dates  of  the  letters 
which  were  torn  up  to  make  them  :  1 7  . .  not  very 
uncommon,  16  .  .  not  quite  unknown.  Those 
who  do  not  make  notes  will  find  it  sound  practice 
to  let  their  markers  remain  in  their  books  :  only 
a  small  percentage  will  be  lost  under  the  treat- 
ment which  books  usually  receive.  And  an  easy 
adaptation  will  prevent  the  loss  even  of  this  per- 
centage. 

The  greatest  danger  of  losing  marks  is  when  the 


book  is  open  for  use,  and  the  leaves  are  turned. 
Let  the  marker  be  made  thus.  The  rectangular 
slip  is  doubled  into  two,  one  half  over  the  other  : 
and  this  process  is  repeated  on  one  of  the  halves. 
One  half  of  the  whole  slip  then  forms  the  marker  : 
the  other  half  forms  a  pair  of  legs  which  bestride 
the  top  of  the  leaf.  There  will  then  be  no  ten- 
dency to  fall  down  when  the  book  is  laid  open  on 
a  reading  desk. 

Some  enterprising  stationer  should  prepare 
markers  made  in  this  way,  at  twopence  or  three- 
pence a  hundred,  if  not  less.  The  whole  sheet 
should  be  turned  twice  in  the  manner  directed 
above,  and  many  sheets,  each  so  turned,  subjected 
to  strong  pressure  in  a  bookbinder's  press.  This 
is  very  essential,  as  any  tendency  of  the  legs  to 
open  will  give  trouble.  The  markers  should  then 
be  cut  to  size  by  a  bookbinder's  tool ;  so  many 
markers  of  course  being  cut  off  at  once  as  there 
are  sheets  in  the  lot  which  has  been  pressed. 

When  the  paper  used  is  thin,  the  leaf  in  which 
the  marker  is  placed  is  more  difficult  to  find :  when 
the  paper  is  thick,  the  marker  is  more  apt  to  drop 
out.  In  the  plan  I  propose,  thin  paper  may  be 
used :  for  there  are  three  folds  at  the  place,  two 
on  the  page  to  be  marked,  and  one  on  the  page 
before  or  after.  And  it  is  one  advantage  of  the 
folded  markers  that  it  can  be  settled  by  them 
which  page  is  referred  to  :  the  common  plan  only 
indicates  one  of  two  pages.  This  is  not  a  matter 
of  perfect  indifference  when  the  page  is  that  of 
Bayle  or  of  the  Biographia  Britannica. 

There  is  one  case  in  which  a  much  better 
marker  than  the  one  above  can  be  contrived ;  that 
is,  when  the  mark  is  to  be  made  in  a  set  of  unbound 
sheets,  say  the  numbers  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  inserted 
into  one  of  the  common  portfolios.  Let  the  rect- 
angular slip  be  doubled  sideways  so  as  to  present 
a  marker  and  what  we  may  call  a  handle,  joined  at 
a  bevelled  crease.  The  handle  should  then  be  in- 
serted between  the  leaves  at  the  back,  the  marker 
acting  as  usual.  It  is  next  to  impossible  to  keep 
the  common  marker  in  its  place  among  loose 
leaves.  This  second  kind  of  marker  will  be  better 
than  the  common  one  even  for  bound  books  ;  the 
handle  being  made  short  and  thrown  well  into  the 
back  of  the  leaf. 

Many  persons  make  their  markers  by  doubling 
a  slip  of  paper  so  as  to  halve  the  breadth :  this  is 
the  worst  plan  possible.  A.  Db  Morgan. 


BISHOP    BEDELL. 

(2°<*  S.  \n.,  passim.') 

The  following  notes  are  contained  in  a  copy  of 
Burnet's  Life  of  Bedell  (Lond.  1692),  now  in  the 
British  Museum  (Class  Mark  489.  a.  15). 

On  the  fly  leaf :  — 

"Tho.  Birch  Febr.  22.  1752.    Some  of  the  MS.  Be- 


302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"'i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59. 


marks  &  Additions  are  by  Mr.  Lewis  of  jMargate,  the 
others  are  mine."  * 

"  P.  4.  Extract  of  an  original  Letter  of  S""  Henry 
Wottoa  to  the  Earl  of  Salisburj.    Venice,  23  Febr.  IGQs. 

« <  I  have  occasion  at  the  present  of  the  begging  your 
Lordship's  support  and  encouragement  for  one  Mr.  Bedell, 
■whom  I  shall  be  very  glad  to  have  with  me  in  the  place 
of  chaplain ;  because  I  hear  very  singular  commendation 
of  his  good  Gifts  and  discrete  behaviour.  It  may  there- 
fore please  your  Lordship,  when  he  shall  take  the  bold- 
ness to  present  himself  before  you,  to  set  forward  also 
this  piece  of  God's  service.'  S""  Henry's  former  Chaplain 
was  Nathanael  Fletcher  (son  of  Dr.  Richard  Fletcher, 
Bp.  of  London,)  who  having  lived  with  S"^  Henry  two 
years,  returned  from  thence  in  the  latter  end  of  Sept. 
1606  to  England."— T.  B. 

«  This  Book  was  first  publish'd  in  1685."— T.  B. 

On  p.  2.,  1.  11.,  "  of  Colchester." 

Dr Stern,  who  ordained  M'.  Thomas  Gataker. 

Dr.  Richard  Rogers  was  Bp.  Suffragan  of  Dovor  till  he 
died  A.D.  1597." — J.  L. 

On  p.  3. : 

"  Whilst  he  continued  in  the  University,  He  with  M"'. 
Abdias  Ashton  of  S*.  John's,  M''.  Thom'as  Gataker  of 
Sydney  Sussex  Coll.,  &  formerly  of  S'.  John's,  &  some 
others,  set  on  foot  a  design  of  preaching  in  places  adja- 
cent to  the  University  where  there  were  no  pastors  able 
to  teach  &  lead  the  people  in  the  waies  of  truth,  peace  & 
life."— J.  L. 

On  p.  4.,  1.  14.     "  Chaplain." 

"  The  Chaplain,  who  first  serv'd  S^  Henry  Wotton  in 
that  capacity,  was  M''.  Nathaniel  Fletcher,  sou  to  Fletcher 
Bp.  of  London."— T.  B. 

On  p.  4 , 1.  5.  from  foot.    "  Religion." 

"  About  Aug.  1605.  See  VVinwood,  vol.  ii.  p.  109. 
119.  131.  136."— T.  B, 

On  p.  11. 1. 18.    "  Paulo— QG6." 

"  See  Ep.  Andrews  a.i  lib.  M.  Tortl  Resp.  p.  oGl." — 
J.  L. 

On  p.  21. 1.  6.  from  foot,    "  Eight." 

«  Three."— T.  B, 

On  p.  25.  1.  10.     "  Horingsheath." 

"  Horningsherth."— T.  B. 

On  p.  69.  I.  9.    "  Archbishop  of  Canterbury." 

"  Lord  Viscount  Wentworth  Lord  Deputy  of  Ireland." 
— J.  L. 

On  same  page.    "  Right  Hon.  &c." 

"  See  at  the  end."— J.  L. 

At  the  end  of  the  book  Lewis  has  given  the 
following  portions  of  the  letter  omitted  by  Bur- 
net :  — 

"  Right  honourable  my  good  Lord ! 

"  ex  auto- 
grapho. 

"  That  according  to  mj'  duty  I  have  not  repaired  to 
your  presence  since  j'our  coming  into  this  kingdom,  you 
may  be  pleased  to  understand  the  reason,  viz.  That  I  have 
been  informed  manj'  ways  that  your  Lordship  hath  so 
openlj',  and,  as  might  seem,  purposely  signified  your 
displeasure  to  me,  yet  never  calling  me  to  answer,  as  if 
you  would  advise  me  to  keep  out  of  your  sight.  No  ser- 
vant, how  faultless  soever,  hastes  to  receive  a  chiding, 
especially  in  that  place  where  he  hath  been  lately  sore 
beaten.  To  make  excuse  before  a  man  be  blamed,  lacks 
little  of  accusing  himself.  And  although  the  Integrity 
of  my  own  conscience  made  me  confident  this  would  soon 
be  appeased  if  I  might  come  to  make  my  defence ;  yet  I 

•  I  distinguish  the  notes  by  the  initials  "  J.  L."  and 
«T.B." 


considered,  that  possibly  your  Lordship  conceived  the 
exigence  of  His  Majesties  affairs  did  require  so,  or  the 
first  impression  you  desired  to  make  of  the  future  form 
of  your  Government:  and  then  Time  itself,  which  is  wont 
to  mitigate  even  deserved  anger,  would,  after  a  while, 
restore  you  to  your  natural  goodness,  &  »ne  to  your  good 

opinion.    In war  (printed  in  Burnet,  p.  69.)    I  am 

glad  that  I  have  now  some  occasion  &  something  of  cer- 
taintj'  whereto  I  may  make  answer,  holding  it  better  to 
be  accused  without  cause  than  be  suspected  so.  And 
albeit  neither  your  Lordship's  nobleness,  nor  the  form 
itself  of  the  information  will  consent,  that  it  should  pro- 
ceed from  you,  but,  as  I  conceive,  from  the  report  of  j'our 
declaration  of  3-ourself  towards  me ;  yet,  being  to  make 
my  defence  both  to  His  Majesty  and  you,  I  crave  leave 
to  do  it  first  to  j'ou,  and  through  your  hands  to  his 
Majesty:  to  whom,  when  you  shall  be  rightly  informed 
of  the  truth  of  my  Apology,  I  doubt  not,  but  you  will  be 
pleased  to  take  upon  you  the  patronage  of  mine  Inno- 
cency. 

"  Your  Lordship  may  be  therfore  intreated  to  under- 
stand, that  according  to  His  Majestie's  Commission  to  me 
and  others  directed  for  the  reedifying  of  the  Churches  in 
the  Diocese  of  Kilmore,  after  I  had  personall}'  survey'd  the 
decaj's,  and  taken  minutes  of  the  charge  necessarily  re- 
quired for  those  in  the  County  of  Cavan,  I  appointed  a 
general  meeting,  the  day  after  Lent  Assizes  last,  to  give 
VVarrant  for  the  levying  of  the  money  for  that  purpose. 
At  which  time,  I  being  in  the  house  of  Mi;.  Richard 
Ashe,  my  Register,  who  was  himself  a  Commissioner, 
attending  till  some  other  of  our  company  should  return 
from  bringing  the  Judges  on  their  way,  there  came  to  me 
one  Mr.  Alane  Cook  m^'  unfriendly  Chancellor,  being 
none  of  our  number,  and  some  other  of  the  Gentlemen  of 
our  Countrey,  and  craved  my  hand  to  a  Letter  to  the 
Lords  Justices  and  Council  touching  the  new  aplotment 
of  mone}'s  upon  the  Countrey  for  the  Army,  Whether 
this  Letter  were  like  to  that  of  our  neighbour  County  of 
Fermanagh,  whereunto  my  Lord  of  Kilfanora  had  sub- 
scribed, and  that  Mr.  Cooh  being  his  son  in  Law  la- 
boured to  join  me  in  the  Same  cause  with  him,  or  else 
he  would  redeem  the  good  opinion  of  the  Country  with 
such  a  popular  service,  I  know  not:  this  I  maj'  truly 
confirm  to  your  Lordship,  that  I  was  not  of  counsel,  nor 
had  any  participation  with  any  Bishop  or  Layman,  or 
any  creature  thereabout,  and  that  the  very  presenting  it 
by"  that  man  made  me  nothing  forward  to  condescend  to 
grant  my  hand  to  it.  I  answered  them,  that  it  was  a 
business  that  concerned  not  me  at  all,  forasmuch  as  all 
the  Land  I  held  was  exempted  from  contributing  any- 
thing to  the  Soldiers.  For  but  the  Midsummer  Assizes 
before,  when,  besides  my  voluntary  contribution,  the 
Sheriffs  and  Collectors  applotted  moneys  upon  my  Men- 
sal  Land,  contrary  to  the  Act  of  State  in  that  behalf,  I 
had,  with  much  ado,  found  remedy  by  a  reference  from 
the  Lords  Justices  to  the  Judges  of  Assize.  At  which 
time  the  malice  of  Mr.  Cooh  towards  me  well  appeared ; 
for  he  affirmed  openly,  that  my  Lord  primate  and  the 
Lord  Archbishop  of  Dublin  enjoyed  no  such  exemption 
of  their  Mensal  Lands,  which  was  contrary  to  truth  and 
that  which  themselves  had  told  me.  This  Exemption, 
allowed  me  contrary  to  his  false  suggestion,  I  now  al- 
ledged,  telling  them,  that  /had  no  cause  to  complain. 
They  urged  me  still  in  respect  of  my  tenents  and  the 
Country,  and  the  Ministers.  When  I  had  perused  their 
Letter,  I  showed  them,  that  I  could  not  concur  to  it; 
for  there  were  some  things  in  it  which  concerned  the 
time  before  my  coming  into  the  Kingdom;  some  per- 
sonal imputations  to  their  former  Agents  which  I  knew 
not  to  be  true,  nor  thought  fit  to  insert.  Besides,  the 
form,  as  I  conceived,  was  not  fit ;  and,  in  especial,  one 
phrase  there  was,  that  His  Majestie's  Justice,  as  I  re- 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303 


member,  was  appeald  to,  &c.  I  told  them  this  was  no 
manner  to  treat  with  His  Majesty,  but  rather  to  have 
recourse  to  his  Goodness.  For  the  former,  their  Answer 
was,  that  I  might  well  take  them  upon  the  trust  of  their 
word ;  for  the  rest,  they  would  needs  have  me  take  the 
pen  and  make  it  as  I  thought  good.  I  altered  the  frame 
of  it  to  an  humble  petition,  and  reduced  it  to  a  more 
dutiful  form.  And  wheras  Mr.  Cook  would  have  mine 
own  Clerk  to  write  it  out,  pretending,  that  he  had  the 
fairest  hand,  they  took  him  aside  with  them,  and  brought 
it  to  me  the  second  time;  but  some  things  remaining 
still  uncorrected,  I  refused  to  sign  it,  till  they  had  got  it 
written  the  third  time  in  manner  as,  I  suppose,  your 
Lordship  hath  it.  Who  was  the  man  that  took  upon  him 
to  carry  it,  or  send  it  about  from  one  Justice  or  Minister 
to  another,  who  brought  it  up  to  Dublin,  and  put  it  into 
the  hands  of  the  Gentleman  that  delivered  it,  if  your 
Lordship  do  count  it  worth  the  enquiry,  you  may  soon 
find  out.  You  have  the  true  Narration  of  the  framing  of 
this  Petition.  Now  will  you  be  pleased  to  examine 
wherein  I  opposed  the  service  of  His  Majesty  thereby. 
It  may  be  said,  in  the  maintenance  and  upholding  of  the 
Army.    Indeed "  (as  in  p.  C9.) 

On  p.  69. 1.  4.  from  foot.    *  but." 

"  that  of  y«  highest  Majesty,  and  --  ". — J.  L. 

On  the  next  line.    "  Skeans." 

"  Sean,  a  net."  * — J.  L. 

On  p.  70.  1.  8.  "  transmitted "  underlined,  "  and " 
written  above  the  line. — J.  L.    ' 

On  p.  70.  1.  IG.    "  to  the  uttermost  of  their." 
"  to  their  utmost. — J.  L. 

On  p.  70. 1.  3.  from  foot,  "  implored." 

"  imployed." — J.  L. 

On  p.  70.  last  line,  «  of." 

"  to  these."— J.  L. 

On  p.  7L,  1.  7.,  "  7)11/  Lord  Armach's." 

"  the  lord  Primate's."— J.  L. 

On  p.  71.  line  6.  from  foot,  "  as  themselves  stile  it." 
"  as  they  themselves  stile  it,  holden  at  Droghedagh." 
^J.  Li. 

On  p.  71. 1.  3.  from  foot,  "  Doctrine." 

"  Learning." — J.  L. 

On  p.  72.  1.  4.,  after  "  Man,"  Lewis  adds  a  to 

denote  an  omission. 

On  p.  72.,  in  the  date  of  the  letter,  «  deliverance." 

"  jovful  deliverance." — J.  L. 

On  p.  445. : 

"  What  is  thro  out  this  paragraph  containd  within  the 
crotchets,  are  not  the  Author's  own  words,  as  may  appear 
from  the  first  edition  of  these  Letters  published  in  K. 
diaries  1''  time,  4to.,  but  added  by  S''  Eoger  UEstrange, 
who  would  not  permit  them  to  be  reprinted  without 
these  alterations  for  fear  it  should  be  observed  How 
contrary  the  Doctrine  formerly  taught  was  to  what  was 
now  so  much  in  vogue,  which  by  this  appears  to  be 
very  contrary  to  the  sense  of  the  Church  of  England  at 
the  time  when  these  Letters  were  written."— J.  L. 

On  p.  446.  marginal  note : 

"  This  was  added  by  the  Licenser,  Sir  Roger  L' Es- 
trange."— J.  L. 

May  I  be  allowed  to  repeat  my  inquiry  after 
the  copies  of  Burnet's  book  with  tbe  notes  of 
Farmer  and  Le  Neve?  What  I  have  already 
printed  proves,  I  think,  the  necessity  of  sub- 
mitting every  statement  of  Burnet's  to  a  searching 
criticism.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

*  A  mistake.  A  skean  or  skain  is  an  Irish  dagger.  See 
Nares,  s.  v.  Skain. 


HEBALDS     VISITATIONS. 

I  send  you  a  list  of  the  years  in  which  visita- 
tions were  made  by  the  heralds,  and  of  the  coun- 
ties visited,  so  far  as  can  be  ascertained  from 
existing  manuscripts :  — 

A.D. 

1530.  Cornwall,  Dorsetshire,  Gloucestershire,  Hants,  Kent, 

Nottinghamshire,  Oxfordshire,  Surrey,  Sussex, 
Wiltshire,  Worcestershire,  Yorkshire.  Wales  was 
visited  this  year,  and  again  between  the  years 
1586  and  1613. 

1531.  Berkshire,  Devonshire,  Somersetshire. 
1533.  Cheshire,  Lancashire. 

1552.  Essex,  Hants,  Surrey,  Yorkshire. 
1558.  Essex. 

1561.  Suffolk. 

1562.  Lincolnshire. 

1563.  Leicestershire,    Norfolk,    Staffordshire,   Warwick- 

shire, Yorkshire. 

1564.  Devonshire,  Huntingdonshire,  Lincolnshire,  North- 

amptonshire. 
156.5.  Dorsetshire,  Wiltshire. 

1566.  Bedfordshire,  Berkshire,  Buckinghamshire,  Che- 

shire, Huntingdonshire,  Oxfordshire. 

1567.  Lancashire. 

1568.  London. 

1569.  Cheshire,  Derbyshire,   Gloucestershire,   Hereford- 

shire, Nottinghamshire,  Shropshire,  Worcester- 
shire. 

1570.  Essex. 

1572.  Devonshire,  Hertfordshire,  Middlesex,  Surrey. 

1573.  Cornwall,  Somersetshire. 

1574.  Buckinghamshire,  Kent,  Oxfordshire,  Sussex, York- 

shire. 

1575.  Cambridgeshire,  Durham,  Hants,  Northumberland, 

Nottinghamshire. 
1577.  Suffolk, 
1580.  Cheshire. 

1582.  Bedfordshire. 

1583.  Gloucestershire,  Staffordshire. 

1584.  Shropshire,  Yorkshire. 
1586.  Bedfordshire,  Herefordshire, 

1589.  Norfolk. 

1590.  Cambridgeshire. 

1591.  Cheshire,  Somersetshire. 

1592.  Kent,  Lincolnshire. 
1597.  Berkshire. 

1611.  Derbyshire,  Suffolk. 

1612.  Cheshire,  Essex,  Yorkshire. 

1613.  Huntingdonshire,  Lancashire,  Norfolk. 

1614.  Nottinghamshire,  Staffordshire. 

1615.  Cambridgeshire,  Durham,  Hertfordshire,  Northum- 

berland, Westmorland. 

1617.  Northamptonshire. 

1618.  Northamptonshire,  Rutlandshire. 

1619.  Cambridgeshire,    Kent,  Leicestershire,  Warwick- 

shire. 

1620.  Cornwall,  Devonshire. 

1622.  Hants. 

1623.  Berkshire,     Dorsetshire,     Gloucestershire,     Kent, 

Shropshire,  Somersetshire,  Surrey,  Wiltshire. 

1633.  Sussex. 

1634.  Bedfordshire,  Buckinghamshire,  Derbyshire,  Essex, 

Herefordshire,  Hertfordshire,  Lincolnshire,  Lon- 
don, Middlesex,  Oxfordshire,  Worcestershire. 

1662.  Derbyshire,  Nottinghamshire,  Surrey,  Sussex. 

1663.  Cheshire,  Kent,  Middlesex,  Shropshire,  Stafford- 

shire. 

1664.  Berkshire,   Essex,  Lancashire,  London,   Norfolk, 

Westmoreland. 


304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<i  S.  VIIL  Oct.  15,  '59. 


1665.  Cumberlaud,  Yorkshire. 

1666.  Durham,  Northumberland. 
1668.  Norfolk. 

1686.  Hants. 

1687.  London. 


Z.  z. 


JACK    OF    NEWBURY. 

Jack  of  Newbury,  whose  patronymic  was  Winch- 
combe,  was  the  greatest  clothier  of  England  at  the 
period  when  he  lived.  Some  years  after  the  ter- 
mination of  his  apprenticeship,  and  he  had  with 
unwearied  industry  got  a  perfect  insight  into  the 
business,  his  master  died,  leaving  the  entire  in- 
terest in  the  trade,  with  some  property,  to  his 
widow.  The  lady  strictly  observed  all  the  bien- 
seances  of  society  during  her  widowhood,  but  in 
due  time,  divesting  herself  of  her  *'  weeds,"  she 
had  three  suitors  :  the  vicar  of  Speen,  and  two 
opulent  tradesmen,  each  desiring  to  lead  her  to 
the  hymeneal  altar ;  our  hero  also  proffered  his 
suit.  It  seems  the  latter  was  preferred,  and  they 
soon  entered  the  connubial  state,  and  Jack  be- 
came prosperous  and  extremely  wealthy.  Joined 
to  his  great  opulence  there  was  an  equal  stock  of 
public-spiritedness  and  patriotism,  which  he  dis- 
played in  the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  Henry 
VIII.,  by  equipping  at  his  sole  expense  one  hun- 
dred of  his  followers ;  and  marching  with  them, 
he  joined  the  Earl  of  Surrey,  and  bravely  dis- 
tinguished himself  in  the  battle  of  Flodden  Field 
in  1513.  . 

John  Collet,  in  his  Historical  Anecdotes,  p.  113., 
Addit.  MS.  3890,  Brit.  Museum,  informs  us,  that 
**  John  Winscombe,  commonly  called  Jack  of 
Newbury,  was  the  most  considerable  clothier 
England  ever  had.  He  kept  100  looms  in  his 
house,  each  managed  by  a  man  and  a  boy.  He 
feasted  King  Henry  VIII.  and  his  first  Queen 
Catharine  at  his  own  house  in  Newbury,  now 
divided  into  sixteen  clothiers'  houses.  He  built 
tlie  church  of  Newbury  from  the  pulpit  westward 
to  the  tower." 

The  above  is  a  sketch  of  the  general  history  of 
the  above  Berkshire  worthy.  I  have  only  farther 
to  state,  that  some  years  ago  I  saw  at  Chavenage 
House,  near  Tetbury,  a  portrait  which  I  was  told 
was  that  of  Jack  of  Newbury.  It  was  a  very  old 
mansion,  which  formerly  belonged  to  the  family  of 
Stephens  of  Eastington  andLypiat,  owners  of  many 
manors  in  that  county  (Gloucestershire).  There 
was  a  large  hall  in  the  building,  decorated  with  a 
great  abundance  of  antique  curiosities  collected 
with  no  little  judgment  and  taste  by  the  last  pos- 
sessor of  the  Stephens  family.  The  authentica- 
tion of  the  portrait  should,  however,  be  proved 
before  it  can  be  put  down  as  an  original.  Cha- 
venage House  is  now  the  residence  of  the  Hon. 
Mr.  Butler,  son  of  Lord  Churston.  Amicus. 


ROMANCE    OF   THE    SANGRAAL. 

From  the  fact  of  Geoffry  of  Monmouth  making 
no  allusion  whatever  to  the  institution  of  the 
Round  Table  or  the  quest  of  the  Sangraal,  many 
have  lightly  concluded  that  those  two  notable 
features  of  the  Arthurian  cyclus  were  added  to  it 
after  the  appearance  of  his  wonderful  history  (a.d. 
1138).  However  difficult  it  may  be  to  account 
for  such  omissions,  certain  it  is  that,  over-credu- 
lous as  he  was,  Geoffry  had  far  from  exhausted  all 
the  materials  at  his  command.  This  is  evident 
from  the  compositions  of  Wace  and  Layamon  (the 
one  cotemporary  with  him,  and  a  native  of  Jer- 
sey, the  other  an  Anglo-Saxon  priest  who  flour- 
ished half  a  century  after  him)  ;  each  of  whom, 
like  their  predecessor,  had  access  to  independent 
sources  of  information. 

For^tbe  true  origin  of  the  Round  Table,  of. 
Myvyrian  Archniology,  iii.  363.,  8vo.  Lond.  1807, 
and  The  Ancient  Laws  and  Institutes  of  Wales 
(Venedotian  code,  b.  ii.  xi.),  published  in  1841  by 
the  Commissioners  of  Public  Records.  In  his- 
torical romance,  the  earliest  mention  of  it  occurs 
in  the  first  book  of  Master  Wace's  metrical  Bnit 
d' Angleterre  (1150),  founded  on  Geoffry 's  Hist. 
Britonum. 

It  is  not  quite  so  easy  a  matter  to  determine 
when  the  fable  of  the  Sangraal  (the  hanap  or  holy 
vessel  used  by  our  Lord  at  his  last  supper)  was 
invented.  The  late  Mr.  Douce  referred  it  to  the 
eighth  century  :  — 

"There  are"  (he  says)  «  Welsh  MSS.  of  it  still  exist- 
ing, which,  though  not  very  old,  were  probably  copied 
from  earlier  ones,  and  are,  it  is  to  be  presumed,  more 
genuine  -copies  of  the  ancient  romance  than  any  other 
extant."  (Quoted  in  Warton's  Hist,  of  Poet.  I.  iii.,  Tay- 
lor's edit.  8vo.  Lond.  1840.) 

The  oldest  Welsh  MS.  extant,  containing  any 
account  of  the  Sangraal,  is  in  the  Hengwrt  library, 
and  is  supposed  to  belong  to  the  age  of  Henry  I. 
(1068-1135).  It  has  never  been  edited.  Assum- 
ing, with  our  best  modern  bibliographers,  that 
VHistoire,  ou  le  Roman  du  St.  Graal,  or,  as  it  is 
sometimes  called,  lioman  de  Joseph  d'Arimathie, 
usually  attributed  to  Robert  de  Borron,  and  the 
Roman  de  Merlin,  by  the  same,  preceded  by  a  feV 
years  the  publication  of  the  Biut  d Angleterre 
(1150),  in  both  of  which  Wace  is  anticipated  in  the 
history  of  the  Sangraal,  neither  the  contents  nor 
the  great  antiquity  of  the  Hengwrt  MS.,  in  that 
case,  will  excite  so  much  surprise. 

In  the  first-named  early  prose  work  (i.  e.'Rom. 
du  St.  Gr.),  the  tradition  is  briefly  recorded  in  the 
following  terms :  — 

"  Enfin  Joseph  (d'Arimathie)  avoit  eth  dans  la  maison 
oil  Jesus  Christ  avoit  fait  la  cene  avec  ses  Apotres,  et 
y  trouva  I'escuelle,  oil  le  fiex  Dieu  avait  mangle,  il  s'en 
sesist,  il  la  porta  chez  lui,  et  il  s'en  servit  pour  remasser 
le  sang,  qui  coula  du  cote  et  des  autres  plaies ;  et  cette 
escuelle  est  appellSe  le  St.  Graal."  (Paris  edit.  1523.  fol. 
6°.) 


2°d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '69.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


305 


De  Borron  then  proceeds  to  relate  some  of  the 
max'vellous  properties  of  the  dish  in  question,  which 
it  was  the  good  fortune  of  Joseph  to  secure,  and 
amongst  the  rest  (like  the  magic  ring  of  Aladdin), 
"  it  would  provide  for  all,  and  would  grant  to  all 
those  who  served  the  Lord  Jesus  faithfully  every- 
thing that  their  heart  could  desire." 

The  first  Breton  trouvere  whose  lays  have  come 
down  to  us,  and  in  which  the  tradition  of  the 
Sangraal  appears,  is  Chrestien  de  Troyes  (1170). 
It  is  found  in  his  Percival  le  Galois  (Biblio.  de 
TArsenal,  Paris  MS.  No.  195.  A,  and  in  Biblio. 
du  Roi  MS.,  fol.  No.  130.),  which  the  poet  dedi- 
cated to  his  patron,  Count  Philip  of  Flanders,  who 
died  in  1191.  Chrestien  did  not  survive  to  com- 
plete this  poem.  From  the  148th  fol.  of  the  first 
MS.  it  is  continued  by  Gaultier  de  Denet ;  from 
the  180th  fol.  by  Gerbers  (probably  Gyrbert,  min- 
strel to  the  Countess  Marie  de  Ponthie,  who  died 
in  1251),  and,  finally,  by  Menessier,  at  the  com- 
mand of  the  Countess  Johanna  of  Flanders,  who 
died  in  1224.  In  that  part  of  Percival  written  by 
Chrestien  de  Troyes  no  mention  is  made  of  Joseph. 
Menessier  by  desire  of  his  patroness  reduced  the 
whole  of  this  tedious  poem,  consisting  of  near 
49,000  lines,  into  prose,  of  which  one  edition  only 
has  been  printed  (sm.  fol.  Paris,  1529).  Copies  of 
it  are  excessively  rare.  There  is  one  in  the  library 
of  the  British  Museum. 

In  the  German  Perceval  of  Wolfram  von  Es- 
chenbach  (1205),  and  in  the  Titurel  of  Albrecht 
von  Scharfenberg  (1350),  the  fable  of  the  Sangraal 
is  referred  to  a  common  origin ;  viz.  a  poem,  which 
is  now  lost,  in  the  northern  French  dialect,  by  the 
Provencal  Kiot  or  Guiot  (not  the  Guiot  de  Pro- 
vence, who  flourished  at  a  later  period).  Accord- 
ing to  Kiot,  no  account  of  the  Sangraal  existed,  at 
the  time  he  wrote,  in  the  chronicles  of  those  coun- 
tries that  preserved  the  traditions  of  Arthur. 
"  In  Anjou  he  found  the  story,"  and  also  in  a  brief 
and  imperfect  work,  written  in  a  pagan  hand 
(adds  Wolfram),  which  had  been  discovered  at 
Toledo  by  one  Flegetanis,  a  half-Jew  and  astro- 
loger. The  existence  of  this  Hispano- Arabic  ver- 
sion of  the  fable  fully  confirms  what  Alanus  de 
Insulis  recorded  (1096-1142)  concerning  the  wide- 
spread popularity  of  the  Arthurian  tales.  "  Quis 
inquam  Arturum  Britonem  non  loquatur  cum 
pene  notior  habeatur  Asiaticis  gentibus  quam  Bri- 
tannis ;  sicut  nobis  referunt  Palmigeri  nostri  de 
orientis  partibus  redeuntes  ?  " 

The  interpretation  and  etymology  of  Sangraal 
or  Savgreal  have  as  much  puzzled  the  learned  as 
the  origin  of  the  extraordinary  fable  to  which  it 
gave  rise.  The  difficulty  of  the  former  is  greatly 
enhanced  by  the  conflicting  applications  of  the 
term  by  medijeval  writers.  In  the  earliest 
romances  it  was  used  to  designate  the  dish  on 
which  the  paschal  lamb  was  served  at  the  Last 
Supper ;  afterwards  it  was  applied  to  the  sacra- 


mental cup  used  on  the  same  occasion ;  and  even- 
tually to  the  contents  of  that  cup. 

In  the  Roman  de  Lancelot  it  is  said :  — 
"  Le  St.  Graal  est,  le  meme  qu  le  St.  Vaisseau,  en  form 
de  calice,  qui  n'estoit  de  metail,  n'y  de  bois,  n'y  de  come, 
n'y  d'or,  et  dans  lequel  fust  mis  le  sang  de  nostre  Seig- 
neur." 

And  in  the  Roman  de  Perceforest  the  descrip- 
tion is  so  vague,  that  it  may  be  applied  either  to  a 
platter,  a  chalice,  or  a  ship  :  — 

"  Le  St.  Graal  le  meesme  que  le  St.  Vaissel,  dont  on  lit 
ici  I'histoire ;  les  douze  Apotres  y  avait  mang^  I'aignal  le 
jeudi  absolu  (le  jeudi  saint)  et  it  fust  conserve  en  Engle- 
terre  danz  una  tour  bastie  exprfes  a  Corbenicy." 

In  the  Morte  d' Arthur,  compiled  from  the  French 
by  SirT.  Malorie,  and  printed  by  Caxton  in  1485, 
the  several  descriptions  of  the  Sangraal  (books 
xiii.-xvn.  inc.)  vary  so  much  as  to  completely 
bewilder  the  reader,  who  is  at  a  loss  to  determine 
whether  it  was  at  any  time  visible,  except  to  the 
initiated  few,  and  then  not  always.  Sometimes  it  is 
altogether  obscured  by  the  Shekinah  ;  at  others  it 
becomes  palpable,  and  is  the  medium  or  object  of 
prayer ;  it  is  openly  transported  from  place  to 
place,  and  finally  carried  up  into  heaven,  with  the 
disembodied  spirit  of  Sir  Galahad,  by  invisible 
agents  ;  and  the  romance  abruptly  terminates  with 
the  equivocal  announcement :  "Sithence  there  never 
was  no  man  so  hardy  for  to  say  that  hee  had  scene 
the  sancgreall ! " 

Roquefort,  in  his  Gloss,  de  la  Lang.  Rom. 
(Paris,  1808),  s.  v.  Graal,  Greal,  renders  it  vase 
a  boire,  grand  plat,  grand  bassin  creux,  propre 
k  servir  des  viandes  (cf.  Ducange,  Gloss,  s.  v.  Ga- 
rales,  and  Borel,  Tresor  des  Antiq.  Franc.  (Paris, 
1665),  s.  v.  Grasal.) 

Not  a  few  take  the  term  to  be  a  corruption  or 
contraction  of  the  L.  sanguinis  realis  (sang'  real'), 
an  opinion  that  is  certainly  countenanced  by 
more  than  one  passage  in  the  Morte  d' Arthur. 

It  would  be  an  easy  task  to  multiply  references 
to  writers,  who,  from  the  thirteenth  to  the  present 
century,  have  touched  incidentally  upon  the  sub- 
ject of  the  Sangraal ;  but  their  explanations  of  it 
would  be  found  to  Idc  substantially  the  same  as 
those  already  offered. 

Of  the  few,  comparatively,  who  have  endea- 
voured to  trace  the  fable  to  an  age  earlier  than  that 
of  Joseph  of  Arimathea,  it  must  suffice  to  remark 
of  them  that  they  severally  suppose  it  to  have  ori- 
ginated in  the  Heliotrapezon  or  Sun-Table  of 
the  pious  Egyptians ;  in  the  highly-prized  Black- 
stone  of  the  Kaaba  in  Mecca;  in  the  Magic  Mirror 
or  Cup  of  Salvation  discovered  by  Dschemschid, 
the  hero  of  Persian  romance;  in  the  Egyptian 
Hermes-goblet,  &c.  &c. 

We  need  not,  however,  travel  to  the  East  or 
elsewhere  to  seek  for  the  original  of  the  Sangraal : 
like  the  equally  famous  Round  Table,  it  is  purely 
of  domestic   growth.      Wales  was   the   foundry 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'«  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59. 


which  supplied  the  •western  nations  with  the  crude 
material  of  romance.  This  we  know  as  well  by 
the  avowal  of  the  earliest  of  the  Breton  bards,  as 
by  the  identity  of  personages  and  of  incidents 
celebrated  and  embellished  by  them. 

There  is  a  very  ancient  tradition  in  the  Princi- 
pality to  the  eflFect  that  Merlin  Emrys,  the  accre- 
dited sorcerer,  once  went  to  sea  in  a  glass  vessel, 
and  at  the  same  time  conveyed  awa^  "the  thir- 
teen curiosities  of  the  Island,"  including  the  dish 
or  cup  of  Rhydderch  (dysgyl  a  gren  Rhydderch). 
This  cup  so  closely  corresponds  with  that  which 
figures  in  medieeval  romance  (being  capable  of 
furnishing  any  kind  and  amount  of  food  desired 
by  its  fortunate  possessor),  as  to  force  the  conclu- 
sion that  it  alone  was  the  true  original  of  the  San- 
graal. 

The  late  Rev.  Peter  Roberts  was  inclined  to 
suppose  that  the  cup  of  Rhydderch  was  originally 
a  divining  cup  of  the  Druids,  and,  in  reference  to 
its  presumed  identity  with  the  Sacro  Catino,  depo- 
sited in  the  cathedral  of  St.  Lorenzo  in  Genoa, 
observes : — 

"I  am  not  without  some  suspicion,  that  during  the 
establishment  of  the  Druids  at  Glastonbury,  the  Catino 
or  Sangreal  had  been  preserved  there,  and  that  it  -was 
from  the  celebrity  of  this  vessel  the  place  took  the  name 
of  Ynys  Wydrin,  or  the  Isle  of  Little  Glass,  and  that 
Merlin,  when  he  went  to  Bardsey,  sailed,  not  indeed  in 
it,  but  with  it  —  i.  e.  took  it  with 'him  thither —  and  that 
it  was  recovered  by  Arthur,  and  consecrated  to  the  use  of 
the  Church  by  St.  David."  {Caml.  Pop.  Antiq.  8vo.  Lond. 
1815.) 

For  the  latest  adventures  of  the  Sacro  Catino 
or  Sangreal,  see  a  paper  by  M.  Millin,  the  anti- 
quary, in  the  Esprit  des  Journaux  (Paris,  Avril, 
1807),  pp.  139-153,  j3. 


iHtn0u  ^aXti. 

Nell  Gwynn's  Sister. — Your  correspondent  Mr. 
PIoppER  has  directed  attention  to  a  fact  hitherto 
unrecorded,  that  Eleanor  Gwynn  had  a  sister. 
Rose  *,  afterwards  married  to  a  Mr.  Forster  (vide 
"N.  &  Q."  2"^  S.  iv.  172.).  I  would  mention 
that  recently  I  lighted  on  a  foul  draught  warrant 
entry-book  of  Charles  II.,  wherein  one  entry  was 
made  concerning  Rose  Gwyn,  who  seems  to 
have  been  convicted  of  an  offence  (left  blank  in 
the  original)  at  the  Old  Bailey;  and  although 
convicted,  was  reprieved  by  the  Bench  before 
judgment,  doubtless  owing  to  some  powerful  in- 
terference. She  was  afterwards  discharged  upon 
bail,  with  a  view  to  her  ultimate  pardon.  The 
name  Rose  Gwyn,  the  period  1663,  the  extra- 
ordinary   clemency    exercised,    form    a    curious 

*  Probably  this  might  be  the  sister  alluded  to  by  Pen- 
nant, who  says,  that  in  her  house  at  Pall  Mall  a  picture 
of  Nell  hung  up  over  the  chimney,  and  one  of  her  sister 
Ja  another  room. 


coincidence,  and  would  almost  permit  of  a  pre- 
sumption that  this  was  none  other  than  the  sister 
Rose  of  the  beauteous  mistress  of  the  "  merry 
monarch." 

I  subjoin  a  copy  of  the  document :  — 

"Whereas  we  are  given  to  understand  that  Rose 
Gwynne,  having  been  convicted  of at  the  late  ses- 
sions held  at  the  Old  Bailey,  was  yet  reprieved  by  y« 
bench  before  judgment,  and  reserved  as  an  object  of  our 
princely  compassion  and  mercy,  upon  humble  suite  made 
to  us  in  favour  of  y«  said  Eose,  we  have  thought  good 
hereby  to  signify  our  Royal  pleasure  unto  j-ou,  that  j^ou 
forthw"'  grant  her  her  liberty  and  discharge  upon  good 
bail  first  taken  in  order  to  y®  sueing  out  her  pardon,  and 
rendering  our  gracious  mercy  and  compassion  to  be  effec- 
tual.   For  which,  &c.,  dated  30  Dec,  1663. 

"  By  His  Ma*y'  Command, 
«  H.  B." 

Are  there  any  Old  Bailey  trials  of  that  period 
or  other  records  of  offences  that  I  can  refer  to  ? 

Ithubiel. 

Great  Bells  at  Westminster  Palace.  —  These 
bells  have  followed  the  fate  of  the  far  greater 
monster  at  Moscow  in  facility  of  fracture.  Euro- 
peans generally  are  largely  indebted  to  the  Chi- 
nese for  the  inventions  of  the  magnet,  printing, 
and  paper-money.  In  the  art  of  bell-ringing  the 
Chinese  are  far  advanced  also  ;  and  if  the  object 
be  to  get  the  greatest  possible  noise  out  of  the 
least  possible  quantity  of  material  and  with  the 
least  possible  outlay,  we  may  adopt  their  prac- 
tice with  advantage,  and  improve  upon  it  after- 
wards. Their  bells  are  not  inverted  cups,  but 
hollow  cylinders ;  and  they  are  not  struck  by  a 
hammer  capable  of  breaking  them.  The  material 
of  which  their  bells  are  compounded  is  well  known 
as  German  silver,  or  Tutenag=:Packfong  in  Chi- 
nese, consisting  of  40'4  parts  of  copper,  31  6  of 
nickel,  25'4  of  zinc,  and  26  of  iron  in  100  parts. 
Specific  gravity,  8'432.  "  In  the  principal  Bud- 
hist  temples  in  China  a  great  cylindrical  bell  of 
this  metal,"  says  Davis  (Chinese,  ii.  235.)  "  is  sus- 
pended, which  is  struck  outside  with  a  large 
wooden  mallet.  The  great  bell  at  Pekin  measures 
14|  feet  in  height,  and  nearly  13  in  diameter." 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

Old  St.  PauVs  a  Paving  Quarry.  — 

"  In  some  parts  of  London,  the  incessant  traffic  occa- 
sions frequent  renewal  of  the  pavement ;  iu  others  more 
sequestered  and  having  no  real  thoroughfare,  the  same 
pavement  may  be  at  times  readjusted,  but  is  otherwise 
destined  to  remain  in  the  same  locality  for  centuries.  As 
an  instance  how  long  old  pavements  may  remain,  com- 
paratively speaking,  undisturbed,  we  may  here  call  at- 
tention to  the  fact  that  in  the  locality  of  Serjeants'  Inn, 
Fleet  Street,  have  remained,  till  the  present  hour,  a  large 
number  of  blocks  of  Purbeck  stone,  which  tradition  points 
to  as  having  formed  part  of  the  structure  of  Old  St.  Paul's. 
These  blocks  are,  however,  now  in  the  course  of  rapid 
removal  by  the  contractors  to  the  Commissioners  of 
Sewers,  who  have  now,  for  the  first  time,  entered  upon 
the  duty  of  paving  Serjeants'  Inn,  Fleet  Street.     Mr.. 


^"d  S.  VIII.,  Oct.  15.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


307 


Timbs,  in  his  Curiosities  of  London,  alludes  to  the  cir- 
cumstance that  after  the  Fire  of  London  Sir  Christopher 
Wren  found  the  greatest  difficulty  in  removing  the  im- 
mense fragments  of  remains  of  Old  St.  Paul's,  prepara- 
tory to  laying  the  foundation  of  the  new  structure. 
Gunpowder  was  therefore  employed  by  him  for  the  pur- 
pose, and  many  of  the  adjoining  places  were  paved  with 
stones  thus  detached  from  the  remains.  Tradition  tells 
that  Serjeants'  Inn,  Fleet  Street,  being  then  ecclesiastical 
property,  was  not  forgotten  in  the  distribution  from  the 
remains  of  Old  St.  Paul's  of  the  materials  which  had 
contributed  to  its  composition  centuries  long  before. 
These  stones  have  travelled  but  a  stone's  throw  during 
nearly  two  centuries,  but  ere  this  reaches  the  reader's 
■eye  they  will  have  become  for  ever  scattered,  and  that 
tradition  which  has  hung  to  them  so  long  will  know  them 
no  more." —  Citt/  Press. 

Shadows.  —  Those  who  are  interested  in  tracing 
ideas  apparently  original  to  older  sources  may  be 
amused  by  an  instance  which  occurs  in  Bewick's 
^sop,  where,  on  p.  47.  of  the  original  edition,  the 
fable  of  the  "  Thief  and  the  Cock  "  is  illustrated 
by  the  figure  of  a  man  decamping  with  his  prey, 
und  casting  behind  him,  on  the  ground,  a  shadow 
in  the  form  of  the  Devil,  the  body  and  baggage 
of  the  thief  being  so  arranged  as  to  assume  this 
form.  F.  H.  P. 

DryderCs  Recantation.  —  In  lately  looking  over 
the  Life  of  Dryden,  by  Walter  Scott,  prefixed  to 
the  edition  of  his  Works^  is  the  following  narra- 
tive, which  is  much  to  Dryden's  credit,  especially 
when  we  consider  how  he  was  exalted  by  his 
contemporaries  and  how  rare  such  admissions  and 
recantations  are. 

After  mentioning  Collier's  Short  View  of  the 
Immorality  and  Profaneness  of  the  Stage,  pub- 
lished in  1698,  and  quoting  Johnson,  who  says, 
"  the  effect  was  so  great  that  the  wise  and  pious 
caught  the  alarm,  and  the  nation  wondered  that  it 
had  so  long  suffered  irreligion  and  licentiousness 
to  be  openly  taught  at  the  public  charge,"  the 
memoir  thus  proceeds  :  — 

"  Dryden,  it  may  be  believed,  had,  in  his  comedies, 
well  deserved  a  liberal  share  of  the  public  censure,  but 
had  the  magnanimity  to  acknowledge  its  justice.  In  the 
Preface  to  the  Fables,  he  makes  the  amende  honorable : 
'  I  shall  say  the  less  of  Collier,  because  in  many  things  he 
has  taxed  me  justlj',  and  I  have  pleaded  guilty  to  all 
thoughts  and  expressions  of  mine,  which  can  be  truly 
argued  of  obscenity,  profaneness,  or  immorality,  and  re- 
tract them.  If  he  be  my  enemj-,  let  him  triumph :  if  he 
be  my  friend,  as  I  have  given  him  no  personal  occasion 
to  be  otherwise,  he  will  be  glad  of  mj'  repentance.  It 
becomes  me  not  to  draw  my  pen  in  defence  of  a  bad 
cause,  when  I  have  so  often  drawn  it  for  a  good  one."  — 


P.  42G. 
Islijj. 


Francis  Trench. 


JACOBITE   MANUSCRIPTS. 

Through  the  kindness  of  the  Rev.  J.  H.  A. 
Philipps  I  have  been  permitted  to  peruse  the 


contents  of  a  packet  of  MSS.,  which  have  been 
carefully  preserved  among  the  muniments  at 
Picton  Castle.  From  the  character  of  the  writing 
and  the  frayed  condition  of  the  paper,  I  assume 
them  to  be  quite  as  old  as  the  date  which  they 
bear.  They  are  enclosed  in  a  tattered  envelope, 
which  is  superscribed  "  Papers  of  consequence." 
The  MSS.  are  evidently  copies,  and  consist  of 
the  following  documents  :  — 

1st.  A  Commission  of  Regency,  granted  by  the 
old  Chevalier  under  the  style  and  title  of  James 
R.  to  "  our  dearest  Son  Charles,  Prince  of  Wales ;" 
and  dated  from  "  our  Court  at  Rome  y^  23'^  day 
of  December,  1743,  in  y^  43^  year  of  our  Reign." 
2nd.  A  Proclamation  signed  "  C.  P.  R.,"  and 
dated  "Paris,^  the  IG*'^  of  May,  1745,"  in  which 
"  in  His  Majesty's  name,  the  King,  our  Royal 
Father,"  he  grants  a  free,  full,  and  general  Par- 
don for  all  Treasons,  Rebellions,  and  Offences 
whatsoever,  "  committed  at  any  time  before  y® 
Publication  hereof; "  and  calling  upon  all  loyal 
subjects  to  flock  to  the  royal  standard ;  pro- 
mising the  Army  and  Navy  all  arrears,  and  in 
addition,  a  gratuity  of  a  year's  pay.  It  farther 
goes  on  to  pledge  the  sovereign  to  call  together  a 
free  Parliament,  wherein  no  corruption  nor  undue 
influence  shall  have  been  used,  to  settle  the  Ec- 
clesiastical and  Civil  Rights  of  the  respective 
Kingdoms,  and  permits  "  all  Civil  Oflicers  and 
Magistrates  now  in  place  and  office  to  continue 
until  further  orders." 

3d.  Two  letters  from  the  Young  Chevalier  to 
his  Father  ;  one  bearing  the  date  of  "  Perth,  10"' 
Sepf,  1745,"  and  the  other  that  of  "  Pinkey 
House  nearEdinb.  Sept.  21.  1745."  These  let- 
ters, if  genuine,  do  equal  credit  to  the  head  and 
heart  of  the  young  struggler  for  his  father's 
throne.  The  first  letter,  after  some  introductory 
matter,  goes  on  to  say  :  — 

"  I  have  occasion  every  day  to  reflect  upon  Y""  M — ty's 
last  words  to  me  that  I  would  find  power,  if  it  was  not 
accompany'd  with  Justice  and  Clemencj',  an  uneasy  thing 
to  myself,  and  grievous  to  those  under  me.  It's  to  y® 
observance  of  this  Eule,  and  my  conforming  myself  to 
y8  Customs  of  these  people,  that  I  have  got  their"  Hearts 
to  a  Degree  not  to  be  easily  conceived  by  those  who  do 
not  see  it." 

He  says  farther  :  — 

"  There  is  one  thing,  and  but  one,  in  which  I  have  had 
any  Difference  with  my  faithfull  Highlanders.  It  was 
about  setting  a  price  upon  my  Kinsman's  Head — which, 
knowing  Y""  Ma — '  generous  humanity,  I  am  sure  will 
shock  you,  as  much  as  it  did  me.  When  1  w&a  shewn  y« 
Proclamation  setting  a  price  on  my  Head,  I  smil'd  '& 
treated  it  with  y^  Disdain  it  deserv'd.  Upon  which  they 
flew  into  a  most  violent  Rage,  &  insisted  upon  my  doing 
y<'  same  by  him.  As  this  flow'd  solely  from  y^  poor 
Men's  love  and  concern'  for  me,  I  did  not  knoAV  how  to 
be  angry  with  them  for  it,  and  tried  to  bring  them  to 
Temper  by  representing  to  them  that  it  was  a  Mean  Bar- 
barous practise  among  Princes,  that  must  dishonour  them 
in  y  Eyes  of  all  Men  of  Honour :  that  I  could  not  see 
how  my  Cousin's  having  set  me  y^  Example,  would  jus- 


508 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n«  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59. 


tifie  me  in  imitating  that  -which  I  blame  so  much  in 
him :  But  nothing  I  could  say  would  satisfie  them.  Some 
■went  even  so  far  as  to  say,  shall  we  go  and  venture  our 
Lives  for  a  Man  zvho  seems  so  indifferent  about  preservitig 
his  own  ?  Thus  I  have  been  drawn  in  to  do  a  thing  for 
-which  I  condemn  my  Self.  ¥>•  Ma — ty  knows  that  in  my 
Nature  I  am  neither  cruell  nor  revengefull." 

The  letter  dated  from  Pinkie  House  details  the 
success  with  -which  — 

"  It  has  pleased  God  to  prosper  Y"^  Ma — '  Arms  under 
my  command.  On  the  IT'^  I  entered  Edinburg  Sword 
in  hand,  and  got  possession  of  y«  Town,  -without  our 
being  obliged  to  shed  one  Drop  of  Blood,  or  commit  the 
least  Violence :  And  this  Morning,  I  have  gain'd  a  most 
Signal  Victory  with  little  or  no  loss." 

Farther  on  the  Prince  remarks  :  — 

"If  I  had  obtained  this  Victory  over  Foreigners,  my 
Joy  -wo'd  have  been  complete ;  But  as  it's  over  English- 
men, it  has  thrown  a  Damp  upon  it  that  I  little  imagined. 
The  Men  I  have  defeated,  were  y  Ma — '  Enemys,  it  is 
true;  But  they  might  have  become  y"^  Friends  and  Duti- 
fuU  S — cts  when  they  had  got  their  Eyes  open'd  to  see 
y«  true  Interest  of  their  Country,  which  I  am  come  to 
save,  not  to  destroj'.  For  this  reason  I  have  discharg'd 
all  publick  Kejoicings." 

The  fourth  and  last  document  contained  in  the 
packet  is  "  A  Journal  of  the  Marches  of  His  R. 
H."  Army  from  the  8*^  of  Nov'"',  the  time  he 
entered  England,  till  his  return  to  Scotland,  the 
20**^  of  Dec^'." 

I  have  given  a  sufficient  extract  from  the  dif- 
ferent MSS.  to  identify  them,  if  they  are  known. 
The  proclamations  were,  I  doubt  not,  published 
far  and  wide,  but  where  did  the  letters  and 
journal  come  from?  Perhaps  yourself,  or  one  of 
the  numberless  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  be 
able  to  throw  some  light  on  the  subject.  If  the 
letters  and  Journal  have  not  been  published,  I 
have  no  doubt  that  Mr.  Philipps  will  allow  me  to 
copy  them  in  extenso.  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 


^tn0r  ©unrtc*. 

Sir  John  Hart.  —  When  was  John  Harte,  or 
Hart,  elected  an  Alderman  of  the  City  of  London  ? 
and  when  was  he  knighted  ?  Sir  John  Hart  was 
Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1589  ;  and  was,  I  be- 
lieve, M.P.  for  London  from  1593  to  1601.  His 
epitapii  may,  I  think,  still  be  seen  in  one  of  the 
churches  in  London  dedicated  to  St.  Swithin. 

W.  N.  S. 

'■'■Sunt  Monachi  nequam." — I  shall  be  thankful 
if  any  of  your  readers  can  assist  me  in  tracing  the 
following  Latin  epigram :  — 

"  Sunt  monachi  nequam,  nequam  sunt  unus  et  alter, 
Praeter  Petrum  omnes ;  est  sed  et  hie  monachus." 

I  have  seen  it  attributed  to  H.  Stephanus,  but 
have  not  succeeded  in  finding  it  in  any  collection 
of  his  poems,  or  in  the  Apologie  pour  Herodote. 

The  epigram  is  imitated  from  one  in  the  Greek 


Anthology,  attributed  toPhocylides  or  Demodocus. 
There  is  also  an  English  imitation  by  Person, 
against  Hermann.  Both  these  are  given  in  the 
Anthologia  Polyglotta  of  Dr.  Wellesley  (p.  433.)  ; 
but  the  Latin  is  not  included  in  that  collection. 

H.  S.  Mamsel. 
Oxford. 

The  First  Marquis  of  Antrim.  — 

"  Murder  will  Out :  or  the  King's  Letter,  justifying 
the  Marquess  of  Antrim,  and  declaring  that  what  he  did 
in  the  Irish  Rebellion  was  by  Direction  from  his  Royal 
Father  and  Mother,  and  for  the  Service  of  the  Crown. 
London ;  Printed  1689." 

Can  you  state  whether  the  above-named  small 
tract  is  rare  or  well  known  ? 

Do  you,  or  any  of  your  contributors,  know 
where  I  could  find  an  account  of  Lord  Dunluce, 
afterwards  Earl  and  Marquis  of  Antrim,  previ- 
ously to  his  marriage  with  the  Duchess  of  Buck- 
ingham ?  G.  H. 

The  Mysterious  Cheque-hearer. — The  Journal 
des  Demoiselles  (20me  Annee,  5me  Serie,  p.  131.) 
contains  the  following  anecdote  :  — 

"  A  few  years  before  the  revolution  of  1789,  an  Amster- 
dam house  sent  advice  to  a  great  banker  of  London,  re- 
questing him  to  pay  a  large  sum  —  say  twenty  thousand 
guilders  —  to  the  person  who  should  offer  half  of  a  torn- 
up  card,  of  which  the  other  half  was  inclosed  in  the  letter 
of  advice.  When  the  man  of  the  card  presented  himself, 
the  banker  addressed  to  him  sundry  questions,  to  which 
the  stranger  obstinately  refused  an  answer.  The  unknown 
only  declared,  that  he  insisted  upon  payment,  whereupon 
the  banker  fulfilled  his  request.  Surprised  at  this  mys- 
tery, our  London  merchant  hastened  to  Pitt,  to  tell  him 
of  what  had  happened.  'Do  you  know  the  name  of  the 
person  to  whom  you  have  paid  out  the  twenty  thousand 
guilders?'  said  the  Minister.  'No,  I  do  not.'  'But  if 
you  saw  him,  you  still  would  be  able  to  recognise  him?  ' 
'  Indeed  I  would.'  Pitt  then  opened  a  drawer  and  showed 
the  banker  a  great  many  portraits,  amongst  which  the 
merchant  recognised  that  of  his  mysterious  visitor.  '  Give 
him  all  he  asks  for,'  said  Pitt, '  he  won't  abuse  it.' 

Query,  Who  was  the  man  with  the  card,  and 
what  was  his  business  in  London  ? 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 

Manpadt  House,  near  Haarlem, 
Sept.  22,  1859. 

Mr.  Willett,  Purchaser  of  Orleans  Pictures. — A 
Mr.  Willett  purchased  some  of  the  pictures  at  the 
Orleans  gallery  sale  at  the  end  of  last  century. 
Can  you  tell  me  who  he  was,  his  address,  or 
where  his  collection  is  or  was,  or  what  became  of 
it  ?  or  can  you  put  me  in  the  way  of  ascertaining 
this,  as  I  am  anxious  to  trace  a  picture  he  bought 
there  ?  P- 

Queenhorough  Castle,  Isle  of  Sheppey.  —  Can 
any  of  your  readers  inform  me  at  what  date  this 
castle  was  completed  by  Edward  III.  ?  Hasted 
states  that  it  was  commenced  in  1361,  and 
finished  about  six  years  afterwards,  and  that  the 
king  then  paid  a  visit  to  it,  but  he  gives  no  au- 


2°<i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


309 


thority  for  either  of  these  assertions.  The  first 
constable,  John  Foxley,  was  appointed  in  Oc- 
tober, 1365,  and  in  the  month  of  May  in  that 
year  several  patents  were  dated  "  apud  castrum 
nostrum  in  insula  de  Shepeye "  by  the  king. 
The  surveyor  of  works  appears  to  have  been  ap- 
pointed in  1361.  I  am  anxious  to  obtain  some 
clue  to  the  verification  or  refutation  of  Hasted's 
statements,  for  upon  them  depends  the  assignment 
of  a  limiting  date  to  a  passage  in  a  manuscript  of 
the  fourteenth  century  in  my  hands,  the  writer 
of  which  employs  the  phrase  "  castellum  quod 
cedificat  (sc.  rex)  quod  dicitur  Schepheye,"  which 
must  therefore  have  been  written  before  the 
completion  of  the  castle.  H.  F. 

The  Mowlray  Family.  —  Curtis,  in  his  Topo- 
graphical History  of  Leicestershire,  under  "  Lind- 
ley,"  says,  "  Goisfrid's  [de  Wirce]  daughter 
married  Nigel  de  Mowbray,  and  she  gave  lands 
here  to  Garendon  Abbey."  Curtis  gives  no  au- 
thority for  this  statement,  which,  if  true,  would 
account  for  the  fact  of  the  estates  of  Goisfrid  de 
Wirce  passing  into  the  possession  of  the  Albini 
family,  and  so  into  that  of  the  English  family  of 
Mowbray.  Can  the  statement  of  Curtis  as  to 
the  marriage  be  authenticated  ?  T.  North. 

Leicester. 

Texts.  —  From  a  recent  number  of  The  Guar- 
dian, I  see  that  a  clergyman  took  his  text  from 
the  Apocryphal  Book  of  Ecclesiasticus.  I  should 
very  much  like  to  know  whether  clergymen  are 
restricted  in  selecting  their  texts  to  the  canonical 
books,  or  whether  it  merely  depends  on  the  "  au- 
thority of  custom."  In  early  days,  preachers  were 
not  so  much  confined.  As  far  as  beautiful  apho- 
risms and  elegance  of  diction  are  concerned,  the 
Books  of  "Ecclesiasticus"  and  "Wisdom"  are  only 
second  to  the  productions  of  the  inspired  writers. 

Bishop  Butler  quotes  largely  from  them  in  his 
Sermons  (e.  g.  in  the  one  upon  the  "  Government 
of  the  Tongue,"  and  in  that  upon  "  Forgiveness  of 
Injuries,"  &c.).  Oxoniensis. 

P.S.  I  may  here  note  another  custom  begin- 
ning to  obtain,  namely,  that  of  clergymen  select- 
ing two  or  three  portions  from  different  passages 
of  Scripture  for  their  text. 

Fullers  Funeral  Sermon.  —  Aubrey,  in  his  cha- 
racter of  Thos.  Fuller,  the  historian,  speaking  of 
his  works  (see  Letters  from  Bodleian,  vol.  ii.  p. 
354.)  says  :  — 

"  Scripsit  amongst  other  things :  '  A  Funerall  Sermon 
on  Hen.  Danvers,  Esq.,  the  eldest  son  of  S'  John  Dan- 
vers,  and  only  son  by  his  second  wife,  Darteby  [should 
be  Dauntesey],  Brother  to  Henry  Earl  of  Danby,  preached 
at  Lavington,  in  Wilts.    Obiit  19°  NoV^.' " 

Fuller's  intimacy  with  the  family  is  well  known, 
and  the  statement  made  by  Aubrey,  who  was  re- 
lated to  Sir  John  Danvers,  is  no  doubt  deserving 


credit ;  but  I  have  sought  in  vain  for  any  such 
sermon  in  the  Library  of  the  British  Museum, 
and  all  inquiries  addressed  to  parties  most  inti- 
mate with  Fuller's  writings  have  been  fruitless. 
Queen's  College  or  Sidney  College  Library  may 
contain  all  Fuller's  works,  as  he  was  a  member  of 
both  those  colleges,  and  I  should  feel  greatly 
obliged  if  any  of  your  Cambridge  correspondents 
would  examine  farther  into  a  subject  in  which  I 
feel  some  curiosity  as  holding  a  situation  which 
has  made  me  anxious  to  collect  all  attainable  in- 
formation relative  to  the  Dauntesey  Danvers, 
Lees,  and  Berties,  the  former  possessors  of  Bishops 
Lavington,  Wilts.  E.  W. 

Archbishop  Laud.  —  Is  the  picture  of  Arch- 
bishop Laud,  in  the  collection  of  his  Grace  the 
Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  an  undoubtedly  genuine 
and  original  portrait  by  Vandyke  ?  What  was 
the  fate  of  the  series  of  portraits  in  the  Lambeth 
gallery  during  the  time  of  Cromwell?  and  how 
were  they  restored  ?  In  what  collections  are 
there  other  original  portraits  of  Archbishop  Laud? 

T.  B.  D. 

Seven  Dates  Vacant.  —  For  a  particular  kind  of 
Almanack  that  I  have  in  hand,  relating  to  births 
and  marriages  of  eminent  personages,  there  are 
seven  days  in  the  year  vacant :  March  8th,  12th, 
17th;  April  6th;  July  1st;  October  6th;  No- 
vember 26th.  Now  I  shall  be  grateful  to  any 
correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  can  and  will 
fill  up  these  dates  for  me,  as  I  am  unable  to  find 
that  any  one  of  distinction  will  either  marry  or 
come  into  this  sphere  on  the  days  noted. 

G.  W.  S.  P. 

Symbolical  meaning  of  a  Cloven  Foot.  —  The 
Rev.  J.  Prime,  in  his  Exposition  of  the  Gala^ 
thians,  1587,  calls  upon  his  readers  to  "examine  the 
spirits  —  compare  matters  and  causes  —  ruminate 
and  chue  the  kud  —  meditate  the  state  of  their 
salvation,  and  go  the  waies  thereunto  ivith  a  eleane 
and  a  clouenfoot,  that  is,  as  Isichivs  saith,  with  a 
wise,  a  discreet,  and  a  distinguishing  understad- 
ing."  The  cloven  foot  and  chewing  the  cud  were 
the  criterion  of  clean  beasts  (Lev.  xi.  3.).  How 
has  a  cloven  foot  become  an  emblem  of  evil  ? 
Thus  Satan  is  pictured  with  cloven  feet ;  and  in 
the  old  altar-piece  formerly  exhibited  in  White- 
chapel  church.  White  Kennett  was  painted  as  Judas 
with  a  cloven  foot.  In  the  same  preface  this  godly 
puritan  says,  "  If  the  Bible  was  indeed  deeply  im- 
printed in  the  harts  of  al  me,  I  could  have  wished 
euen  Luthers  wish,  That  al  bookes  els  were  in  a 
faire  light  fiar."  In  what  book  has  Luther  ex- 
pressed a  wish  somewhat  like  that  of  Mahomet 
and  the  Koran  ?  George  Opfor. 

Dutch  Tragedy.  — 

"  Mnch  that  is  good  Tragedy  at  Amsterdam  would  be 
broad  Farce  in  London.    In  one  Dutch  Tragedy  a  lady 


310 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


['2»d  s.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59. 


has  agreed  to  elope  •with  her  lover  at  midnight.  He  does 
not  come,  and  she  goes  to  bed ;  he  enters  through  the 
window  at  one,  and  finds  her  so  sound  asleep  that  he  is 
obliged  to  shout  'Wake  up  Elizabeth'  several  times  in  a 
speech  of  fourteen  lines  before  he  can  rouse  her.  In  a 
picture  (of  which  there  are  many  in  the  book)  she  is  in 
her  night-dress,  very  fat  and  sleepy.  Afterwards  he  kills 
himself,  and  appears  to  her  all  over  fire ;  and  she  turns 
nun,  and  as  such  is  painted  thin  and  graceful.  In  another 
play  the  hero,  Maximin,  stabs  himself  six  times,  follow- 
ing each  stab  with  a  comment  of  ten  lines,  and  those 
Alexandrines,  except  the  last,  when,  after  declaring  in 
the  first  that  the  sword  has  gone  through  his  heart  and 
he  feels  it  on  the  other  side,  he  observes  that  it  is  no 
wonder  that  the  enemy  never  could  kill  him  as  he  has 
been  put  to  so  much  trouble  to  kill  himself,  and  he  dies 
at  the  sixth  line."  —  Remarks  upon  Remarks,  chiefly  re- 
lating to  the  Stage  (pp.  64.,  London),  p.  17. 

The  date  is  defaced,  but  I  think  it  is  1710. 

In  some  instances  I  observe  that  the  author 
prefers  facetiousness  to  accuracy,  though  I  cannot 
accuse  him  of  wilful  falsification.  As  some  of 
your  correspondents  are  conversant  with  Dutch 
literature,  perhaps  they  will  inform  me  whether 
the  passages  quoted  above  are  genuine,  and  fair 
e.\amples  of  Dutch  tragedy.  J.F.J. 

Memoir  of  Archbishop  Newcome.  —  Stuart,  in  his 
Historical  Memoirs  of  the  City  of  Armagh  (in  his 
account  of  William  Newcome,  D.D.,  Archbishop 
of  the  diocese),  p.  461.,  informs  us  that 

"  It  is  said  there  is  extant  an  interesting  manuscript 
memoir  of  the  archbishop,  written  by  himself,  in  which 
lie  details  at  some  length  the  progress  of  his  studies,  and 
points  out  the  sources  from  which  he  had  derived  his 
theological  opinions," 

Can  anyone  tell  me  whether  this  Memoir,  re- 
ferred to  by  Stuart  in  1819,  is  extant  ?  and  if  so, 
where  deposited?  The  archbishop's  interleaved 
copy  of  the  Bible,  in  four  volumes,  is  described  in 
the  Catalogue  of  the  Archiepiscopal  Manuscripts  at 
Lambeth.  Abhba. 

Cleanctus.  — 

"  Stingy  Cleanctus  *,  softened  by  thy  skill, 
Of  costless  viands  lets  thee  take  thy  fill ; 
To  other  knaves,  with  visage  stern  and  dull. 
He  turns,  and  shews  the  public  tablets  full." 

The  above  lines  are  from  Early  Verse  and 
Prose  by  George  H.  Dyer,  Cambridge  (U.  S.), 
1826,  a  small  volume  containing  some  good  lines 
and  a  display  of  very  ordinary  learning.  The 
sketch  of  a  classical  flatterer  is  about  the  best.  I 
cannot  find  "  Cleanctus"  in  the  Index  to  Theo- 
phrastus,  and  shall  be  obliged  by  anyone  who  is 
familiar  with  him  saving  me  the  trouble  of  a 
search  which  may  be  fruitless.  M.  E. 

Eton. 

Biographical  Queries.  —  I  should  be  glad  to 
obtain  any  information  relating  to  the  under- 
mentioned. 

*  See  Theophrastus. 


Timothy  Willis ^  ambassador  to  Muscovy  in  the 
reign  of  James  I. 

Sir  George  Wright,  Knt.,  Fellow  of  S.  John's, 
Oxford,  1600. 

Adrian  Dee,  Canon  of  Chichester,  son  of  Bishop 
Dee.     Of  what  college  ? 

Roger  Racket,  a  divine,  temp.  Elizabeth,  second 
son  of  Sir  Cuthbert  Hacket,  Lord  Mayor  of  Lon- 
don.* 

John  Exton,  Judge  of  Admiralty,  1664. 

C.  J.  Robinson. 

Sevenoaks. 

"Devil-may-care."  —  What  is  a  "devil-may- 
care  expression"?  And  who  first  used  so  dis- 
gusting a  barbarism  ? 

Job  J.  Babdwell  Workard,  M.A. 

Lord  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports :  Coroner. — 
In  the  State  Paper  Office,  Domestic  Series,  James 
I.  (vol.  xxviii.)  there  is  the  opinion  of  one  Dr. 
Newman  to  the  effect  that  the  Lord  Warden  of 
the  Cinque  Ports  can  be  the  only  judge  to  act  as 
coroner  in  the  case  of  a  man  drowned  off  Dover 
pier.     Is  this  the  case  now  ?  W.  O.  W. 

Colonel  Thwachcell.  —  The  great  poet,  Sir 
Walter  Scott,  in  a  letter  to  his  son,  Lieut.  Walter 
Scott,  15th  Light  Dragoons  (Hussars),  dated 
"  Abbotsford,  4th  April,  1825,"  writes  :  — 

"  Touching  Colonel  Thwackwell,  of  whom  I  know 
nothing  but  the  name,  which  would  bespeak  him  a  strict 
disciplinarian,  I  suppose  you  are  now  arrived  at  that 
time  of  life  you  can  take  your  ground  from  your  observa- 
tion, without  being  influenced  by  the  sort  of  cabal  which 
often  exists  in  our  army,  especially  in  the  corps  where 
the  officers  are  men  of  fortunes  or  expectations,  against 
a  commanding  officer." 

With  regard  to  this  officer,  the  editor  has  ap- 
pended a  note  to  the  following  effect :  — 

"  Sir  Walter  had  misread,  or  chose  to  miswrite,  the 
name  of  his  son's  new  commandant,  Lieutenant-Colonel 
Thackwell." 

Can  any  of  your  contributors  Inform  me  whe- 
ther this  Col.  Thackwell  was  the  same  officer  who 
died  the  other  day,  holding  the  rank  of  Lieut.- 
General  in  the  army,  and  who  was  also  a  Grand 
Cross  of  the  Bath  and  Colonel  of  the  16th  Lan- 
cers ?     Also,  who  was  his  father  ?  Esquire. 

"  Platonis  Opera,"  Serrani,  1578,  fol.  —  Brunei 
gives  14  inches  8  to  10  lines  as  the  size  of 
the  largest  copy  he  had  seen.      Query,  Do  not 

[*  See  Wood's  Athena,  ii.  317.  (Bliss),  for  some  ac- 
count of  Dr.  Roger  Hacket.  In  addition  to  what  is  there 
stated  respecting  him,  we  may  add  that  he  was  instituted 
to  the  rectorj-  of  North  Crawley,  Bucks,  April  7,  1590, 
and  buried  in  that  church  Sept.  16, 1621.  His  will  is 
dated  August  21,  1621,  in  which  are  several  legacies  to 
his  children;  to  ^ew  College,  Oxford,  several  of  his 
books ;  and  a  piece  of  ground  to  the  town  of  about  40s., 
in  case  they  do  not  disturb  his  enclosures.  Cole's  MSS. 
xxxviii.  pp.  130.  136. — Ed.] 


■2'^^  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


even   small    paper    copies  exceed  this   height  ? 

Mine  measures  15^  inches,  but  is  I  think  merely 

a  tall  ordinary  copy.  Joseph  llix. 

St.  Neots. 

George  Browne,  the  First  Protestant  Archbishop 
of  Dublin,  deprived  by  Q.  Ma?'?/  in  1554.  —  Of 
what  family  was  the  above  prelate  ?  "Was  he  mar- 
ried*, and  if  so,  to  whom?  Whom  did  his  de- 
scendants marry  ?  What  were  his  arms  and  crest  ? 
A  reply  to  these  questions,  through  the  post,  will 
greatly  oblige  R.  W.  Dixon. 

Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

Marrjuis  of  Argyle  and  Charles  II.  —  It  is 
stated  in  Martyn's  Life  of  Shaftesbury  (vol.  i. 
p.  161.)  that  in  1650  King  Charles  II.  gave  the 
Marquis  of  Argyle,  who  was  beheaded  after  the 
Restoration,  "  a  promise  under  his  hand  and  seal 
to  make  him  a  duke,  a  knight  of  the  garter,  and 
one  of  his  bedchamber,  and  likewise  to  be  in- 
fluenced by  his  counsels  ;  and  that,  when  restored 
to  his  just  rights,  he  would  pay  to  the  Marquis 
forty  thousand  pounds  which  was  due  to  him." 
What  is  the  authority  for  this  statement  ?  Has 
such  a  document  been  anywhere  published  ? 

W.  C. 


Sir  John  Baiikes  in  1676. — Who  was  Sir  John 
Bankes,  living  in  Dorsetshire  about  1676„?  The 
eldest  son  and  successor  of  Sir  John  Bankes,  the 
Chief  Justice,  who  died  in  1644,  was  Sir  Ralph 
Bankes,  Knt.,  who  died  early  in  the  reign  of 
Charles  II.  His  eldest  son  is  described  in  the 
family  histories  as  John  Bankes,  without  a  title. 
Was  he  a  knight  ?  W.  C. 

[John  Bankes,  grandson  of  the  Chief  Justice,  repre- 
sented the  borough  of  Corfe  Castle  in  eight  parliaments, 
and  died  in  1714,  and  was  buried  at  Wimborne.  Accord- 
ing to  the  pedigree  in  Hutchins's  Dorsetshire,  ii.  567., 
he  is  without  a  title.] 

Mrs.  B.  Hoole,  afterwards  Hofland.  —  Can  you 
give  me  any  information  regarding  Mrs.  Hoole, 
author  of  a  volume  of  Little  Dramas  for  Young 
People,  published  by  Longman.  I  have  not  seen 
the  book,  but  the  title  is  given  in  The  London 
Catalogue  of  Boohs,  1814—1846.  What  was  the 
date  of  publication,  and  what  are  the  titles  of  the 
•dramas  ?  Z.  A. 

[We  are  unable  to  get  a  sight  of  Little  Dramas  for 
Young  People  from  English  History,  1809.  The  maiden 
name  of  the  authoress  was  Barbara  Wreaks,  born  at 
Sheffield  in  1770.  Her  first  husband  was  Mr.  T.  Brad- 
shawe  Hoole;  and  her  second  Mr.  Thomas  Christopher 
Hofland.  Mrs.  Hofland  died  at  Richmond  in  Surrej', 
Nov.  9,  1844 ;  and  her  Life  and  Literary  Remains  were 
published  by  Thomas  Ramsaj-,  12mo.,  1849. 


[*  Abp.  Browne  was  deprived  for  matrimony.  See  E. 
P.  Shirle}''s  Original  Letters  on  the  Church  in  Ireland,  pp. 
5.  18. — Ed.] 


E.  H.  Keating' s  Dramas.  —  Can  you  give  me 
the  date  of  a  volume  by  Miss  Keating,  entitled 
Drawing-room  Dramas.  What  are  the  names  of 
the  pieces  ?  Z.  A. 

[The  work  is  entitled  Dramas  for  the  Drawing  Room; 
or  Charades  for  Christmas.  By  E.  H.  Keating.  Post 
8vo.,  no  date  [1856?]  It  contains  four  charades:  1.  Blue 
Beard.  2.  Phaeton.  3.  Catiline.  4.  Guy  Fawkes.  These 
are  preceded  with  directions  "  How  to  carry  out  a  per- 
formance successfully."] 

Seal  Inscription.  —  I  have  the  matrix  of  a  seal 
with  the  following  legend  :  — 

"  S.   THESAUEAE.   ET    CAPITUI-.   ECCESI.E   DE 
MBNIGDUSTE." 

The  D  in  the  last  word  may  possibly  be  an  o. 
It  is  of  the  thirteenth  century,  with  canopy  of 
three  arches  ;  under  centre  is  Madonna  and  infant 
Saviour  ;  at  the  sides  are  two  saints  ;  underneath 
is  a  kneeling  figure,  under  another  arch.  Can 
you  tell  me  to  what  church  it  belonged  ?   J.  C.  J. 

[The  D,  as  our  correspondent  suggests,  is  probably  an 
o.  The  church  appears  to  have  been  that  of  Menigoute, 
a  town  of  850  or  90O  inhabitants  in  the  department  of 
Deux-Sfevres.  (Worcester,  Geog.  Diet,  Bouillet,  Diet.") 
Menigoute  would  in  old  French  be  Menigouste,  as  on  the 
seal,  and  is  so  spelt  in  the  Diet.  Geog.  of  Expilly,  1766. 
This  would  be  modernised  into  Menigoute,  much  in  the 
same  manner  that  the  old  Fr.  goiist,  taste,  has  in  modern 
Fr.  become  gout,"] 

Anna  Liffey.  —  How  did  the  river  which  runs 
through  Dublin  acquire  the  name  of  Anna  Lif- 
fey ?  Frances  Seymour. 

[The  name  Anna  LifFej'  is  said  to  be  derived  from 
Awen  Luiffa,  the  black  river.] 

The  Termination  "  -sex.''' — Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents inform  me  what  is  the  meaning  of  the 
termination  -sex  in  TSiSsex,  Sussea;,  Middlesea;,  and 
Wessea;  ?  P.  D. 

[The  word  is  derived  from  Seaxe,  the  Saxons,  who  had 
different  names  according  to  their  locality :  1.  East  Seaxe, 
East  Saxons,  people  of  Essex.  2.  Middel- Seaxe,  Middle- 
sex. 3.  Suth- Seaxe,  South  Saxons,  or  the  people  of 
Sussex.  4.  West- Seaxe,  West  Saxons,  or  inhabitants  of 
Wessex.  —  Bosworth's  Anglo-Saxon  Dictionary."] 


JLADY   CULBOS's   DREAME.  " 

(2"«  S.  viii.  247.) 

Under  the  impression  that  I  had  the  materials 
at  hand  to  enable  me  to  frame  a  reply  to  Lady 
Lytton's  Query,  I  have  devoted  a  few  hours  to 
the  search,  but  fear  my  success  in  throwing  any 
new  light  upon  Lady  Culros,  or  her  Dreame,  has 
not  been  very  signal. 

To  the  inquiry  as  to  whether  the  Dreame  is  still 
in  existence,  the  reply  is  easy :  a  reprint  of  the 
earliest  known  edition  of  the  only  work  answer- 
ing that  description,  having  been  published  by 


312 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '50. 


Mir.  David  Laing  in  his  Early  Metrical  Tales, 
octavo,  1826, — under  the  title  of  Ane  Godlie 
Dreame  compylit  in  Scottish  Meter  be  M.  M.  Gen- 
telvvoman  in  Culross  at  the  requeistof  her  freindes. 
Edinbvrgh,  printed  be  Robert  Charteris,  1603. 

The  M.  M.  is  Mistress  Melvil,  and  in  all  subsequent 
editions  she  is  designated  as  Elizabeth  Melvil,  Lady 
Culros  yonger ;  while  another  variety  in  her  de- 
scription is  furnished  by  Alex.  Hume,  who  dedicates 
his  Hymnes  or  Sacred  Songs  (Edin,  1599)  to  Eliz. 
Mal-vill,  Ladie  Cumrie,  whom  he  identifies  with 
our  subject  by  extolling  both  her  poetry  and  her 
piety.  Mr.  John  Livingston,  who  has  left  a  MS. 
account  of  Eminent  Proffessors  in  Scotland,  also 
notices  Lady  Culros  as  famous  for  her  Dream 
anent  her  spiritual  condition,  which  she  put  in 
verse,  and  was  by  others  published.  Mr.  Laing, 
who  furnishes  these  particulars,  reconciles  the 
above  descrepancies  in  her  nomenclature  by  in- 
forming us  that  our  authoress  was  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Sir  Jas.  Melvill  of  Halhill,  the  his- 
torian ;  and  that  by  her  marriage  with  John  Col- 
vill,  eldest  son  of  Alexander,  Commendator  of 
Culros  (who  during  his  father's  life  had  the  de- 
signation of  Colvill  of  Wester- Cumrie),  she  re- 
ceived the  honorary  title,  first,  of  Lady  Cumrie, 
and  subsequently  of  Lady  Culros. 

So  far,  1  think,  we  may  be  satisfied,  then,  that 
the  existing  Dreame  is  the  work  of  the  Lady  Cul- 
ros of  the  seventeenth  century;  and,  judging 
from  the  number  of  impressions  it  underwent,  and 
its  consequent  great  popularity,  as  one  of  the 
books  of  the  people  *,  it  almost  amounts  to  cer- 
tainty that  it  is  identical  with  the  wild  wail  which 
lingered  so  long  in  the  ears  of  Lawrence  Temple, 
i.  e.  the  poet  Armstrong,  and  the  religious  rhap- 
sody of  Pinkerton,  Campbell,  and  Leyden.  But 
here  we  come  to  the  real  point  of  Lady  L.'s 
Query,  —  the  singular  reference  to  a  like  Dreme 
by  a  Dreamer  of  the  same  name,  in  a  poem  pub- 
lished more  than  a  century  before  the  time  of  our 
Lady  Culros ! 

I  have  not  elsewhere  met  with  the  quotation 
Lady  Lytton  has  furnished  from  recollection  in 
support  of  the  existence  of  the  ivilde  shriekinge 
dreme  of  the  olden  time,  nor  do  I  find  that  any  of 
our  poetical  antiquaries  allude  to  it  when  speak- 
ing of  that  extant :  considering  the  evident  fami- 
liarity of  the  editor  of  the  reprint  of  1826  with 
the  old  Scottish  metrical  romances, — that  of  Sir 
Gawayne  in  particular,  which  he  has  also  edited, 
— it  does  seem  impossible  to  believe  but  that  some 
mistake  is  made  in  the  quotation,  or  error  in  the 
ascription  of  it  to  a  ballad  printed  in  Richard  IIL's 

*  The  Dreame  has  its  scoffers  too :  Sam.  Colvill,  in  his 
Whig's  Supplication  written  about  1680,  and  the  reputed 
son  of  Lady  Culros,  has  the  following  rough  allusion  to 
the  work,  and  its  detractors  :  — 

"  Which  sundry  drunken  Asses  flout, 
Not  seeing  the  Jewel  within  the  clout !  " 


time.  Curious  enough  Campbell,  in  his  History 
of  Poetry  in  Scotland,  when  commenting  upon 
Pinkerton's  jumping  to  the  conclusion  that  the  soi- 
disant  Lawrence  Temple  referred  to  Mrs.  Colvill's 
Dreame,  asks,  may  it  not  be  possible  that  Arm- 
strong alluded,  not  to  this  silly  rhapsody,  but  to 
some  other  piece  of  poetry  of  which  he  had  but 
a  faint  remembrance  ?  With  all  due  respect  for 
this  northern  Warton,  the  doubt  started  by  him 
must  remain  but  a  very  faint  probability  until  the 
correctness  of  Lady  L.'s  memory  is  vouched  for 
by  the  exact  passage,  and  proof  that  it  is  to  be 
found  in  a  production  of  the  press  of  the  antiquity 
indicated. 

Having  said  thus  much  of  the  Dreame,  it  may 
not  be  out  of  place  to  add  a  word  or  two  by  way 
of  description,  particularly  as  neither  original  nor 
reprint  are  likely  to  fall  into  the  hands  of  any  but 
the  curious  in  old  books.  Pinkerton,  in  his  Tra- 
gic Ballads  (London,  1781),  strips  the  Dreame  of 
its  horrors  when  he  says,  in  reply  to  Temple, 
"  this  composition  is  neither  lost,  nor  is  it  too  ter- 
rible for  the  ear.  On  the  contrary  a  child  might 
hear  it  repeated  in  a  winter's  night  without  the 
smallest  emotion."  Viewing  our  amiable  enthu- 
siast as  the  Dreamer,  we  are  struck  at  the  outset 
by  the  Bunyan-like  key  in  which  she  opens  her 
wail :  — 

"  Vpon  ane  day  as  I  did  monme  full  soir 
With  sindrie  things  quhairwith  my  saull  was  greifit, 
My  greif  increasit,  and  grew  moir,  and  moir, 
My  comfort  fled,  and  could  not  be  releifit ; 
With  heavines  my  heart  was  sae  mischeifit, 
I  loathit  my  lyfe,  I  xiould  not  eit  nor  drink ; 
I  micht  not  speik,  nor  luick  to  nane  that  leifit, 
Bot  musit  alone,  and  divers  things  did  think. 

"  The  wretchid  warld  did  sa  molest  my  mynde, 
I  thocht  vpon  this  fals,  and  iron  age ; 
And  how  our  harts  were  sa  to  vyce  inclynde, 
That  sathan  seimit  maist  feirfullie  to  rage ; 
Nathing  on  earth  my  sorrow  could  asswage ! 
I  felt  my  sin  most  strangelie  to  incres ; 
I  grevit  my  spreit,  that  wont  to  be  my  pledge. 
My  saull  was  drownit  into  maist  deip  distress." 

In  this  style,  brooding  over  her  sins  and  the 
wretchedness  of  the  world,  and  longing  to  be  at 
rest,  in  cadences  which  also  remind  us  of  that  con- 
temporary plaint,  the  New  Jerusalem  Hymn,  she 
proceeds  until  wearied  with  the  improvisings  of  a 
deeply  religious  spirit  she  falls  asleep,  and  in  her 
Dreame  is  visited  by  an  angel,  who  interrogates 
her  as  to  the  cause  of  her  misery,  and  finding  her 
bent  upon  closing  her  pilgrimage,  and  attaining 
at  once  to  heaven,  notwithstanding  the  perils  of 
the  way,  says  :  — 

"  Thou  answeirs  weill,  I  am  content  said  hee, 

To  be  thy  guyde,  bot  see  thou  grip  me  fast." 
Then  follows  the  Dreamer's  narration  of  her 
spiritual  flight :  — 

"  Up  I  rais  and  maid  na  mair  delaj', 
My  febill  arme  about  his  arme  I  cast ; 
He  went  befoir  and  still  did  guyde  the  waj', 
1  Thocht  I  was  walk,  my  spiiet  did  follow  fast, 


2»*  F.  VIII.  Oct.  15. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


Throw  moss  and  myres,  throw  ditches  deip  we  past, 
Throw  pricking  thornes,  throw  water  and  throw  fyre ; 
Throw  dreidful  dennes,  quhilk  made  my  heart  agast : 
He  buir  me  up  quhen  I  begonth  to  tyro. 

"  Sumtyme  we  clam  on  craigie  montaneig  hie, 
And  sumtymes  stayed  on  uglie  brayes  of  sand ; 
They  war  sa  stay  that  wonder  was  to  sie, 
Bot  quhen  I  feirit,  hee  held  me  by  the  hand : 
Throw  thick  and  thin,  throw  sea  and  eik  be  land. 
Throw  greit  deserts  wee  wanderit  on  our  way ; 
Quhen  I  was  walk,  and  had  no  force  to  stand. 
Yet  with  ane  luik  tee  did  refresh  me  ay." 

A  glimpse  of  the  celestial  mansions  is  vouch- 
safed by  her  guardian  angel,  but  she  is  told  that 
many  difficulties  intervene  before  it  can  be 
reached ;  and,  as  a  set-off  to  its  glories,  she  has, 
like  Dante,  to  pass  through  the  regions  of  dark- 
ness. Arrived  here,  we  have  the  following  de- 
scription :  — 

"  Into  that  pit  quhen  I  did  enter  in, 
I  saw  ane  sicht  quhilk  maid  my  heart  agast ; 
Puir  damnit  saullis,  tormentit  sair  for  sin, 
In  flaming  fyre,  were  frying  wonder  fast ; 
And  uglie  spreits ;  and  as  we  throcht  them  past. 
My  heart  grew  faint,  and  I  begonth  to  tyre. 
Or  I  was  war,  ane  grippit  me  at  last, 
And  held  me  heich  above  ane  flaming  fyre. 

"  The  fyre  was  greit,  the  heit  did  piers  me  sair. 
My  faith  grew  walk,  my  grip  was  wonderous  small ; 
I  trimbellet  fast,  my  feir  grew  mair  and  mair, 
My  hands  did  shaik,  that  I  him  held  withall ; 
At  lenth  they  lousit,  than  they  begonth  to  fall, 
I  cryit, '  O  Lord ! '  and  caucht  them  fast  agane ; 
'  Lord  Jesus  cum,  and  red  me  out  of  thrall.' 
'  Curage ! '  said    he,    '  and    now    thou    art   past    the 
payne ! '  " 

At  this  point  excess  of  fear  caused  the  Dreamer 
to  awake  from  what  the  ancient  ballad  not  inap- 
propriately calls  her  wilde  shreehinge  dretne,  and 
the  remainder  of  the  book  (in  all  sixty  stanzas)  Is 
occupied  with  the  exhortations  of  the  pious  writer 
to  a  godly  and  devout  life.  J.  O. 


This  curious  old  ballad,  published  originally  in 
1603,  was  reprinted  in  1826,  and  forms  a  part  of 
that  highly  valuable  collection  entitled  Early  Me- 
trical Tales,  including  the  History  of  Sir  Egeir, 
Sir  Gryme,  and  Sir  Gray  Steill,  edited  with  a 
preface  by  David  Laing,  Esq.,  Edinburgh,  12mo. 
In  the  introductory  notice  prefixed  to  this  volume 
will  be  found  much  interesting  information  rela- 
tive to  the  authoress  (Mistress  Elizabeth  Melvil) 
and  her  dream.  Upon  a  reference  also  to  Dr.  John 
Armstrong's  (Launcelot  Temple)  Miscellanies,  2 
vols.  12mo.,  1770,  will  be  found  some  little  in- 
formation in  respect  to  the  same.  T.  G.  S. 

Edinburgh. 


BOTDELLS  SHAKSPEAKE  GALLERY. 

(2""  S.  viii.  50.  97.) 
V.  H.  Q.'s  Query  and  Mr.  Bots's  answer  in- 
duce me  to  offer  some  farther  observations.     Mr. 


Boys  mentions  two  catalogues,  both  of  high  ifi- 
terest,  but  it  remains  to  notice  that  which  was  in 
use  during  the  existence  of  the  Gallery  in  Pall 
Mall.  This  was  a  thick  12mo.  volume,  stitched 
in  blue  covers,  according  to  the  fashion  of  that 
day,  its  bulk  being  occasioned  by  quotations  of 
the  passages  in  each  play  which  the  pictures  were 
intended  to  illustrate,  many  of  them  extending  to 
a  whole  scene.  Like  Mr.  Boys,  I  visited  the 
Gallery  in  my  younger  days,  which  certainly  was 
a  most  interesting  and  instructive  exhibition, 
although  probably  two  thirds  of  the  pictures 
would  not  now  rank  as  specimens  of  high  art. 

It  would  be  too  much  to  expect  that  "  N,  &  Q." 
should  contain  what  V.  H.  Q.  suggests, — "  A  List 
of  the  Artists  employed,  and  the  Subject  each  il- 
lustrated," —  but  I  will  mention  a  few  which  I 
best  remember,  by  artists  whose  reputation  re- 
mains undiminished,  as  for  instance  :  — 

Reynolds.  Macbeth,  Scene  4.  The  Incanta- 
tion Scene  with  Macbeth  and  the  Witches. 
Henry  VI.  The  Death  of  Cardinal  Beaufort ;  and 
Puck.  Purchased  at  the  sale  by  Mr.  Rogers,  and 
I  believe  sold  at  the  disposal  of  his  collection. 

West.  Lear  in  the  Storm ;  and  Ophelia  in  the 
Mad  Scene,  Hamlet,  Act  IV. 

Romney.  The  opening  scene  in  the  Tempest, 
or  rather,  by  painter's  licence,  the  first  and  second 
scenes  amalgamated.  The  passengers  and  crew 
of  the  sinking  ship  occupy  close  two- thirds  of 
the  canvass,  and  Prospero  and  Miranda  the  re- 
mainder. 

Barry.     Lear,  with  the  dead  body  of  Cordelia. 

Fuseli.  Hamlet  and  Ghost ;  Prospero,  Miranda, 
and  Caliban  ;  and  two  great  gallery  pictures  of 
the  Fairy  Scenes  in  the  Midsummer  Nighfs 
Dream.  These  two  pictures  were  afterwards  at 
Stowe,  and  I  presume  sold  on  the  lamentable 
break  up  of  the  contents  of  that  noble  mansion. 

Opie.  Talbot  at  the  Castle  of  the  Countess  of 
Auvergne.     Henry  VI.,  Part  1. 

Northcote.  Richard  II.  The  Entry  of  Eichard 
and  Bolingbroke  into  London.  This  large  and 
conspicuous  picture  was,  I  believe,  purchased  by 
the  Armourers'  Company  for  their  Hall,  where  it 
may  still  be,  if  the  Hall  still  exists,  but  which 
may  be  doubtful,  as  the  old  halls  of  the  lesser 
city  companies  are  fast  disappearing. 

Hamilton,  Westall,  and  Wheatley,  all  E.A.s, 
were  amongst  the  most  numerous  of  the  contri- 
butors, but  their  productions  would,  I  conceive, 
be  now  but  little  regarded,  although  Hamilton's 
Statue  Scene  in  the  Winter's  Tale  was  a  very 
general  favourite  at  the  time. 

V.  H.  Q.  rightly  observes  that  this  was  a  bold 
undertaking.  If  it  had  been  merely  the  engage- 
ment of  the  artists  to  paint  the  pictures,  the  outlay 
must  have  been  enormous :  but  this  was  only 
laying  the  foundation :  the  main  object  was  ta 
have  them  all  engraved  by  the  first  artists  in  that 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»4  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59. 


line,  in  illustration  of  the  splendid  edition  of  the 
plays,  which  was  the  professed  object  of  the 
scheme.  The  utter  impossibility  of  carrying  this 
out,  in  any  reasonable  time,  on  a  scale  commen- 
surate with  what  was  held  out  in  the  prospectus, 
and  on  the  faith  of  which  the  subscriptions  were 
entered  into,  was  the  undoubted  cause  of  its 
failure  as  a  pecuniary  speculation.  First-rate 
line  engravings  were  promised;  there  being  at 
that  time  but  few  hands  in  that  line,  and  but  few 
of  the  prints  appear  to  have  been  executed  by 
the  best  of  them.  Some  of  the  line  engravings 
were  such  as  would  not  now  be  tolerated ;  and 
the  greater  part  of  the  large  prints  were  executed 
in  that  inferior  style  of  stipple  which  about  that 
time  had  got  into  general  practice.  Some  of  tlie 
worn-out  impressions  of  this  class,  I  apprehend, 
are  what  are  alluded  to  by  Mr.  Boys  as  "  hideous 
reproductions." 

To  compensate  in  some  degree  for  this  failure, 
the  Boydells  obtained  an  Act  of  Pai'liaraent  to 
dispose  of  the  Gallery  by  lottery.  To  the  best  of 
my  recollection  the  tickets  were  three  guineas 
«ach ;  the  great  temptation  being  that  there  were 
no  blanks,  the  holder  of  each  ticket  being  entitled 
to  receive  prints  to  that  value,  by  which  means 
the  Boydells  got  rid  of  their  heavy  stock  of  im- 
pressions from  the  plates,  the  catalogue  of  which 
is  secondly  noticed  in  Mr.  Boys's  letter.  One  of 
my  sisters  had  a  present  of  a  ticket,  for  which 
she  got  three  prints,  which  together  I  aiii  sure 
would  not  have  fetched  5s. 

The  great  prize  (I  do  not  think  there  were  any 
on  an  intermediate  scale)  consisted  of  the  pre- 
mises in  Pall  Mall,  with  the  pictures  contained  in 
them.  Mr.  Tassie,  of  Leicester  Square,  was  the 
fortunate  holder  ;  and  it  was  on  his  account  that 
the  sale  by  Christie  took  place  which  is  men- 
tioned in  Mr.  Boys's  letter  ;  and  it  was  no  doubt 
on  this  account  that  within  a  few  years  after- 
wards Mr.  Tassie  relinquished  the  business  long 
carried  on  by  him  and  his  father  before  him,  and 
to  which  he  left  no  successor  or  representative 
that  I  ever  heard  of.  That  is  a  subject  which  I 
was  under  the  impression  had  been  noticed  in 
some  volume  of  yours  not  long  since,  but  I  cannot 
find  it.  I  should  like  to  make  it  the  subject  of 
some  remarks;  but  if  so,  it  must  be  at  some  future 
time  in  a  separate  communication,  the  present 
one  having  far  exceeded  what  I  had  anticipated. 

M.  H. 


FORGED   ASSIGNATS. 

(2"^  S.  vi.  70.  134.  255.) 
I  am  obliged  by  the  various  replies  received 
through  the  medium  of  "N.  &  Q."  to  my  inquiries 
on  this  subject.  Mb.  Penstone  (p.  134.)  thinks 
the  report  of  the  case  tried  before  Lord  Kenyon  to 
Tae  "very  insufficient  evidence"  on  which  to  re- 


ceive a  charge  against  the  government  of  the 
day.  With  all  deference  to  his  conclusion  I  would 
just  remark  that  the  case  (Strongi'th'arm  v. 
Lakyn)  did  not  require  to  be  probed  farther  as 
against  the  government,  inasmuch  as  the  question 
at  issue  was  not  the  bona  fides  of  the  English  go- 
vernment, but  a  mere  question  of  right  or  wrong 
between  the  litigants.  I  take  Lord  Kenyon's 
summing  up  to  be  strong  confirmation,  if  not  ab- 
solute proof  of  the  charge.  Sir  W.  C.  Trevel- 
yan's  assertion  (p.  255.)  that  "the  transaction 
was  managed  for  Mr.  Pitt  by  Mr.  (afterwards) 
Alderman  Magnay,"  is  conclusive  enough,  and  goes 
far  to  vindicate  that  much  vilified  and  occasionally 
erring  personage  "  it-is-said  "  from  any  sin  of 
invention  or  exaggeration.  Sir  W.  C.  T.  states 
that  the  paper  was  made  at  Haughton  paper-mill 
near  Hexham  ;  but  it  is  probable  that  more  than 
one  manufacturer  was  engaged  in  the  work,  as  I 
find  the  following  in  the  Financial  and  Monetary 
History  of  England  by  Mr.  Thomas  Doubleday 
of  Newcastle.  I  may  premise  that  Mr.  D.  is  a 
north  counti'yman  by  birth,  and  must  have  had 
ample  means  of  verifying  his  assertions  :  — 

"When  he  joined  in  the  war  Mr.  Pitt  had ' predeter- 
mined to  complete  the  discredit  of  the  assignats  by  forg- 
ing, and  distributing  the  forgeries  over  France:  which 
he  did.  The  consequence  was  that  the  assignats  became 
'  waste  paper,'  and  they  may  to  this  hour  be  seen  pasted 
against  the  walls  of  cottages  in  France  as  memorials  of 
tlie  time  they  fell.  This  act  of  Pitt  has  been  confidently 
denied ;  and  it  has  been  asserted  that,  if  done,  it  was  not 
with  the  knowledge  of  the  heads  of  the  government. 
Both  denial  and  assertion  are  however  false.  In  conse- 
quence of  the  fraudulent  dishonour  of  a  bill  of  exchange 
the  whole  was  divulged  in  a  court  of  law ;  and  the  paper 
of  which  the  forgeries  were  made  is  now  known  to  have 
been  manufactured  by  direct  order  ofgovernment  at  Lang- 
ley  paper-mill,  situated  near  the  city  of  Durham,  a  site 
chosen  probably  for  this  purpose  on  account  of  its  remote- 
ness from  the  seat  of  government ;  and  indeed  the  whole 
transaction  was  worthj'  of  the  genius  of  the  minister,  who 
was  singularly  destitute  of  militarj'  notions  excepting  in 
so  far  as  they  were  intertwined  with  the  pure  question  of 
ways  and  means."  —  Pp.  134-135. 

Mr.  D.'s  remark  as  to  the  reason  for  the  choice 
of  Langley  paper-mill  for  the  manufacture  will 
apply  with  equal  or  greater  fitness  to  the  secluded 
locality  of  Haughton,  on  the  North  Tyne.  One 
more  authority  is  Dr.  Belsham,  who  (in  his  His- 
tory of  England,  published  in  1805),  says  of  the 
failure  of  the  Vendean  expedition  in  1794  :  — 

"  A  considerable  sum  in  specie  became  likewise  the  pro- 
perty of  the  captors,  together  with  prodigious  quantities 
of  assignats  fabricated  in  England,  and  issued  under  the 
mock  authority  of  the  infant  monarch  of  France."  —  Vol. 
V.  p.  376. 

If  farther  confirmation  be  needed  by  the  ultra- 
sceptical,  I  may  add  that  I  have  this  day  con- 
versed on  this  subject  with  a  veteran  naval  ofiicer 
of  undoubted  veracity,  who  tells  me  that  he  was 
in  Quiberon  Bay  with  the  ill-fated  expedition  to 
La  Vendee,  and  is  perfectly  clear  as  to  the  fact  of 


2«<»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  16.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


the  English  fleet  landing  these  forged  assignats  in 
large  quantities  at  dead  of  night.  He  says  that 
one  boat's  crew  was  caught  in  the  fact,  and  gib- 
beted in  sight  of  the  ships.  He  has  also  given 
me  the  name  of  a  brother  officer,  now  or  lately 
resident  in  the  South  of  England,  as  having  been 
employed  in  this  particular  service.  I  refrain 
from  giving  these  names  here,  as  having  no  per- 
mission so  to  do. 

In  conclusion,  I  would  remark  that  it  is  scarcely 
to  be  credited  that  any  private  firm  would  have 
undertaken  so  extraordinary  and  dangerous  a 
business  as  the  forgery  and  distribution  of  these 
assignats  without  the  complicity  or  sanction  of 
government;  and  not  being  skilled  in  Jesuitical 
distinctions  as  to  the  exact  share  of  blame  to  be 
awards  to  principal  or  to  agent,  I  am  driven  to 
the  conclusion  that  the  memory  of  the  "  heaven- 
born"  Pitt  must  remain  slurred  with  all  the  odium 
that  must  attach  to  so  disi-eputable  an  artifice. 
Meanwhile,  it  is  satisfactory  to  think  that  we  have 
made  some  progress  in  the  morality  of  war  since 
that  day.  E.  C.  Robson. 

Sunderland. 


AUTHOH    OF    THE    EPISTLE    TO    THE    HEBBEWS. 

(2"'^  S.  viii.  247.) 

The  absence  of  an  apostle's  name,  as  author  of 
this  Epistle,  caused  it  to  be  disputed  by  some 
who  set  it  aside  as  not  being  one  of  St.  Paul's 
Epistles.  (Euseb.  H.  E.,  iii.  3.)  Its  anonymous 
character  deprived  it  prima  facie  of  claim  to  a 
place  in  the  canon.  This  objection,  however,  is 
met  by  Pantaenus  (Euseb.  II.  E.,  vi.  14.),  who 
says :  — 

"  Since  the  Lord,  who  was  the  Apostle  of  the  Almighty, 
was  sent  to  the  Hebrews,  Paul,  by  reason  of  his  inferi- 
ority, as  if  sent  to  the  Gentiles,  did  not  subscribe  himself 
an  Apostle  of  the  Hebrews,  both  out  of  reverence  for  the 
Lord  and  because  he  wrote  of  his  abundance  to  the 
Hebrews,  as  a  herald  and  Apostle  of  the  Gentiles." 

And  Clemens  Alexandrinus,  the  pupil  of  Pantsenus, 
says  (Euseb.  H.  E.,  vi.  14.)  :  — 

"  But  it  is  probable  that  the  title,  Paul  the  Apostle,  was 
not  prefixed  to  it.  For  as  he  wrote  to  the  Hebrews,  who 
had  imbibed  prejudices  against  him,  and  suspected  him, 
he  wisely  guards  against  diverting  them  fron<  the  pe- 
rusal, by  giving  his  name." 

If  there  had  been  an  historical  tradition  on 
which  Pantaenus  and  Clement  of  Alexandria  could 
Lave  relied,  this  would  have  been  more  satisfac- 
tory than  the  reasons  above  given  for  the  omission 
of  any  apostolic  character,  or  even  any  declara- 
tion that  it  was  written  by  command  or  permis- 
sion of  God  or  the  church.  Again,  the  style  of 
the  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews  was  early  discovered 
to  vary  from  that  of  the  thirteen  acknowledged 
Epistles  of  the  Apostle  Paul.     To  meet  this  ob- 


jection, Origen  (a.d.  185 — 253)  admits  (Euseb. 
H.  E.,  vi.  25.)  that 

"  the  style  of  the  Epistle  with  the  title  '  to  the  Hebrews,' 
has  not  that  vulgarity  of  diction  which  belongs  to  the 
Apostle,  who  confesses  that  he  is  but  common  in  speech  ; 
that  is,  in  his  phraseologj-.  But  that  this  Epistle  is  more 
pure  Greek  in  the  composition  of  its  phrases,  every  one 
will  confess  who  is  able  to  discern  the  difference  of  style. 
Again,  it  will  be  obvious  that  the  ideas  of  the  Epistle  are 
admirable,  and  not  inferior  to  any  of  the  books  acknow- 
ledged to  be  apostolic.  Every  one  will  confess  the 
truth  of  this  who  attentively  reads  the  Apostle's  writings. 
But  I  would  say,  that  the  thoughts  (vo^/iora)  are  the 
Apostle's;  the  diction,  however,  and  phraseology  Qh  Se 
^pao-ts  Koi  -i]  vvvBea-i^)  belong  to  some  one  who  has  recorded 
(o.TTOMi'rjuoveuo-ai'Tds)  what  the  Apostle  said,  and  as  one- 
who  noted  down  at  his  leisui'e  ((rxoXio^pac^^o-ai'Tos)  what 
his  master  dictated.  If,  then,  any  church  considers  this 
Epistle  as  coming  from  Paul,  let  it  be  commended  for  this, 
for  neither  did  those  ancient  men  [^four  or  five  generations 
previous]  deliver  it  as  such  without  cause.  But  who  it 
was  that  really  wrote  the  Epistle,  God  only  knows !  The- 
account,  however,  that  has  been  current  before  us  is,  ac- 
cording to  some,  that  Clement,  who  was  Bishop  of  Rome, 
wrote  this  Epistle ;  according  to  others,  that  it  was  writ- 
ten by  Luke,  who  wrote  the  Gospel  and  the  Acts."  "  But,"' 
adds  Eusebius,  "  let  this  suffice  on  these  subjects." 

It  was  still  an  open  question,  then,  in  the  Eastern 
church  at  this  period,  whether  St.  Paul  was  or 
was  not  the  author  of  this  Epistle.  In  the  Latin 
church,  Irenseus  and  Hippolytus  deny  that  it  was 
Paul's.  (Stuart,  i.  147.  s.  16.)  Jerome  and  Au- 
gustine agree  that  the  predominant  opinion  of 
Christian  churches  was,  that  this  Epistle  was  not 
written  by  Paul.  (Stuart,  i.  154.  s.  16. ;  157.  s.  17.) 
Stuart,  who  unfortunately  omits  the  important 
words  above  quoted,  "  the  thoughts  are  the 
Apostle's"  (i.  127.  s.  14.),  considers  Origen  as  re- 
presenting Clement  and  Luke  merely  as  amanu- 
enses of  Paul :  but,  if  Origen  so  intended,  why 
did  he  use  so  solemn  an  expression  on  the  subject 
as  "  but  who  it  was  that  really  wrote  the  Epistle, 
God  only  knows "  ?  Now  the  word  used  by 
Origen,  aTrofj.vrjfiovfvaai'rSs,  is  the  same  as  Xeno- 
phon  uses  in  reference  to  Socrates  :  what  we  now 
call  memoirs  Xenophon  terms  airofj.i'rjfj.ovfvfji.aTa. 
Very  probably  Origen  had  Xenophon's  Socratea 
in  his  mind  at  the  time.  Xenophon  has  a  just 
claim  to  the  diction,  phraseology,  and  composition ; 
but  the  thoughts  in  the  main  are  those  of  Socra- 
tes. Did  Luke  then,  or  Clement  of  Eome,  take 
the  position  of  Xenophon  herein  ?  As  to  Clement, 
he  has  quoted  passages  from  the  Hebrews,  without, 
.however,  as  is  his  custom,  naming  his  author. 
Quoting  from  Hebrews  then,  as  the  work  of  an- 
other, he  cannot  be  himself  the  author. 

With  respect  to  Luke  there  is  no  doubt  that, 
in  writing  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  he  had  op- 
portunity of  constant  reference  to  St.  Paul  for  his 
facts  ;  and,  being  a  Gentile,  he  would  necessarily 
represent  to  St.  Paul  the  opinions  he  entertained 
of  Judaism  from  the  Gentile  point  of  view.  There 
were  five  years  from  the  publication  of  the  last 


31G 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59. 


Epistle  written  by  St.  Paul  (the  Second  to  Ti- 
mothy), prior  to  St.  Paul's  death,  a.  d.  68, 
during  which  this  subject  might  occupy  the  minds 
of  both.  After  the  arduous  life  of  the  Apostle, 
and  with  his  ardent  temperament,  the  thorn  iu 
the  flesh  may  have  brought  the  Apostle  into  a 
state  of  bodily  infirmity  which  rendered  him  in- 
capable of  extending  the  series  of  his  Epistles. 
But  with  Luke  at  hand  (2  Tim.  iv.  6—8.  11.), 
whose  style  of  composition  may  be  estimated  by 
his  introduction  to  his  Gospel  and  by  the  latter 
portion  of  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles,  he  had  no 
want  of  a  writer  capable  of  conveying  his  senti- 
ments, so  far  as  regarded  style,  in  a  way  superior 
to  his  own.  The  Epistle  evidently  wants,  how- 
ever, the  final  corrections  of  St.  Paul.  In  the 
parallel  case  of  Socrates  we  may  safely  admit  that, 
but  for  Xenophon  and  Plato,  we  should  have  had 
in  the  language  of  Socrates  himself  the  same 
thoughts  probably,  but  not  the  same  elegance  of 
diction  or  ability  of  composition.  And  as  the  in- 
quirer will  read  Xenophon's  Memorahilia  to  ascer- 
tain the  thoughts  of  Socrates,  so  he  will  read  the 
Epistle  to  the  Hebrews,  whether  the  composition 
of  St.  Luke  or  not,  for  the  opinions  of  St.  Paul  on 
the  important  typical  relation  of  the  Jewish  re- 
ligion to  the  Christian  dispensation  therein  de- 
veloped. This  opinion  coincides  generally  with 
that  of  Origen,  LarduQr,  Hue,  Stier,  Guerike,  and 
Davidson.  The  last  author  has  examined  the 
several  claims  of  Barnabas,  ApoUos,  Silas,  &c. 
(Litrod.  N.  T.,  iii.  163—259.),  with  greater  ability 
and  fairness  than  Stuart,  whose  work,  however, 
18  very  useful  and  ample  in  detail.  Kuinoel's 
Troleg.  to  Hehreios  is  succinct,  yet  comprehensive. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 


Eulenspiegel  (2"'*  S.  vii.  455.)  —  The  book 
quoted  from  is  Eulenspiegel  im  Neunzehnten 
Jahrhundert  oder  Narrenwitz  und  Gimpelvms- 
heit,  Deutschland,  gedrucht  in  diesem  Jahr,  pp. 
272.  At  p.  98.  is  the  chapter  "  Wie  Eulenspiegel 
Gesandtschafts-secretar  wird."  There  is  nothing 
by  which  its  date  can  be  fixed,  but  from  various 
allusions  I  guess  it  to  be  about  1820.  It  is  a 
clever  satire  on  the  minor  German  courts,  and 
considering  their  aversion  to  be  joked  with,  I 
think  the  author  had  good  reasons  for  not  putting 
his  name  or  the  printer's  on  the  title-page.  His 
views  in  political  economy  are  advanced  for  that 
time,  and  he  has  much  quiet  humour ;  but  I  can- 
not discover,  either  in  his  matter  or  manner,  any 
resemblance  to  Haliburton.  The  character  of  the 
well-meaning  prince,  who  makes  weak  efforts  to 
break  through  routine,  is  capitally  indicated.  Sup- 
posing the  book  to  be  little  known  I  offer  one 
-example.     Eulenspiegel,  after  he  has  failed  to 


please  in  diplomacy,  becomes  court-jester  (Hof- 
narr),  and  awakens  the  prince's  suspicions  that 
his  army  is  inefficient  and  badly  managed  :  — 

"  Dei-  Fiirst  wurde  zweifelhaft ;  liess  die  hohen  Gene- 
rale  kommen,  und  gab  ihnen  den  ernsten  Befehl,  auf 
Verbesserung  des  Kriegswesens  zu  denken.  Sie  hielteu 
Sitzungen,  und  liessen  manche  Ordre  an  die  Olfiziere 
ergehn,  des  Dienstreglement  genauer  zu  befolgen.  Dana 
bekamen  die  Grenadiere  an  ihren  Barenkappen  zwei 
Klunkern,  wo  sonst  nur  eiue  gehangen  hatte." — P.  171. 

FiTZHOPKINS. 
Paris. 

Charles  Bailly,  Secretary  to  Ma7'y  Queen  of 
Scots  (2°*  S.  viii.  267.)  — There  is  a  most  in- 
teresting memorial  of  the  imprisonment  of  Charles 
Bailly  In  the  Tower  of  London,  consisting  of  one 
of  the  inscriptions  cut  Into  the  wall  of  one  of  the 
prison  chambers.  .  It  is  engraved  in  Bayley's 
History  of  the  Totcer.  This  Inscription  is  dated 
10  September,  1571,  and  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
will  at  once  recollect  it  from  the  following  philo  • 
sopliic  sentiment,  which  forms  the  principal  part 
of  the  inscription  :  — 

"  The  most  unhappy  man  in  the  world  is  he  that  is 
not  patient  in  adversities;  for  men  are  not  killed  with 
the  adversities  they  have,  but  with  y^  impacience  which 
they  suffer." 

It  is  unnecessary  to  quote  more  of  this  inscrip- 
tion, as  a  facsimile  of  the  whole  will  be  found  In 
Mr.  Bayley's  work,  where  also  there  is  probably 
(for  I  have  not  the  book  at  hand)  some  account 
of  the  prisoner.  Geo.  R.  Cornek. 

[The  inscription  is  given  in  Bayley,  p.  149.,  who  adds 
that  "  The  unhappy  young  man  who  has  left  us  these  me- 
morials (there  are  two  inscriptions)  was  an  adherent  to  the 
interests  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  and  secretly  engaged  in 
her  affairs  abroad,  whilst  she  was  a  prisoner  in  England. 
He  appears  to  have  been  bj'  birth  a  Fleming  or  Brabander, 
and  not,  as  his  name  and  service  would  indicate,  a  Scotch- 
man, though  perhaps  of  Scotch  extraction.  In  the  earlj- 
part  of  the  year  1571,  being  dispatched  into  the  country 
by  Eidolphi  tlie  Florentine,  with  letters  in  cipher  for  his 
unfortunate  mistress,  and  also  for  the  Spanish  ambassa- 
dor, the  Duke  of  Norfolk,  the  Bishop  of  Ross,  and  Lord 
Lumley,  on  his  arrival  at  Dover  was  seized  and  com- 
mitted to  prison,  where  he  seems  to  have  undergone  the 
greatest  privations  and  misery.  The  packet  of  letters 
came  to  the  hands  of  Lord  Cobham,  governor  of  the 
Cinque  Ports ;  but  Ross  had  sufficient  address  to  get  pos- 
session of  it,  and  substitute  another  with  less  dangerous 
contents,  which  was  despatched  to  the  council.  Baillj', 
for  some  time  after  his  commitment  to  prison,  contrived 
to  hold  correspondence  with  the  Scottish  ambassador,  and 
from  one  of  his  letters  we  find  that  he  once  suffered  the 
tortures  of  the  rack  without  making  any  material  dis- 
closure ;  but  his  communications  with  Ross  being  cut  off, 
and  having  a  promise  from  Lord  Burghley  that  he  should 
be  set  at  liberty  without  stain  of  his  honour  and  credit,  he 
answered  all  the  questions  which  his  lordship  put  to  him 
....  Bailly  seems  to  have  received  a  good  education, 
and  besides  the  English,  to  have  been  acquainted  with 
the  Latin,  French,  Spanish,  and  Italian  languages."] 

The  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Ipswich  (2°'^  S.  viii. 
225.  296.)  — The  date  given  by  Tanner  is  that  of 


2'xi  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


317 


Manning's  institution  in  the  church  of  Metting- 
ham.  It  is  certain  that  he  was  Suffragan  Bishop 
of  Ipswich  before  that  time.      B.  B.  Woodwabd. 

Scotch  Genealogies:  Jerningham  Family  (2"^ 
S.  viii.  256.)  —  Under  the  first  heading,  a  corre- 
spondent, Wm.  Matthews,  asserts  that  "  the 
knightly  predecessors  of  the  Barons  Stafford,  of  Cos- 
tessey  Hall,  were  for  a  long  series  of  years  known 
by  the  designations  of  Sir  George  and  Sir  William 
in  alternate  succession."  This  is  not  the  fact.  So 
far  from  this  being  true,  there  have  been  only  two 
Sir  Georges,  and  only  one  Sir  William.  The  late 
Lord  Stafford  was  Sir  George ;  his  father  Sir 
William,  and  his  grandfather  Sir  George.  The 
present  Lord's  names  are  Henry  Valentine. 

F.  C.  H. 

Carriage-hoot  (2°''  S.  viii.  238.)  —  A  corre- 
spondent refers  to  the  word  "  boot"  as  an  appen- 
dage to  a  carriage.  His  observation  has  been 
placed  under  Dean  Trench's  notice.  In  Oxoniana, 
vol.  iv.  p.  220.,  is  the  following  notice,  enter- 
taining in  itself  as  a  travelling  anecdote,  but 
mentioned  now  from  the  statement  underlined:  — 

"  Oxford  Flying  Coach. 
1669. 
"  Mondaj',  April  26,  was  the  first  day  that  the  flying- 
coach  -went  f™^  Oxford  to  London  in  one  day.  A.  W. 
went  in  the  same  coach,  having  then  a  boot  on  each  side. 
Among  the  six  men  that  went,  Mr.  Richard  HoUoway,  a 
counsellor  of  Oxford  (afterwards  a  judge)  was  one.  They 
then  (according  to  the  Vice-Chancellor's  order,  stuclc  up 
in  all  public  places),  entered  into  the  coach  at  the  tavern 
door  against  All  Souls  Coll.,  precisely  at  six  of  the  clock 
in  the  morning,  and  at  seven  at  night  they  were  all  set 
downe  at  their  inn  at  London.  The  occasion  of  A. 
Wood's  going  to  London  was  to  carry  on  his  studies  in 
the  Cottonian  Library',  and  elsewhere." 

Francis  Trench. 
Islip. 

Cibher^s  Apology  (2°*  S.  viii.  269.)— Your  cor- 
respondent will  find  the  passage  he  inquires  for 
in  Joseph  Andrews,  Book  I.  Chapter  i. :  — 

"  But  I  pass  by  these  and  many  others  (Histories  of 
Jack  the  Giant  Killer,  Guy  of  Warwick,  fi^.),  to  mention 
two  books  lately'  published,  which  represent  an  admirable 
pattern  of  the  amiable  in  either  sex.  The  former  of 
these,  which  deals  in  male  virtue,  was  written  by  the 
great  person  himself,  who  lived  the  life  he  hath  recorded, 
and  is  by  many  thought  to  have  lived  such  a  life  only 
in  order  to  write  it.  The  other  is  communicated  to  us 
by  an  historian  who  borrows  his  lights,  as  the  common 
method  is.  from  authentic  papers  and  records.  The 
reader,  I  believe,  already  conjectures  I  mean  the  lives  of 
M"^.  Colley  Gibber,  and  M".  Pamela  Andrews.  How 
artfully  doth  the  former,  by  insinuating  that  he  escaped 
being  promoted  to  the  highest  stations  in  church  and 
state,  teach  us  a  contempt  of  worldly  grandeur!  how 
strongly  doth  he  inculcate  an  absolute  submission  to  our 
superiors !  Lastly,  how  completelj-  doth  he  arm  us  against 
so  uneasy,  as  wretched  a  passion  as  the  fear  of  shame ! 
how  clearly  doth  he  expose  the  emptiness  and  vanity  of 
that  phantom,  reputation !  " 

F.  S.  will  find  other  allusions  to  Colley  Cibber 


and  his  Apology  scattered  up  and  down  the  above 
quoted  novel  (Book  I.  Chaps,  iii.,  vii. ;  Book 
III.  Chap,  vi.,  end  of  Chap.  xii.  and  heading  of 
Chap,  xiii.) ;  but  although  pretty  well  up  in 
Tom  Jones,  I  remember  no  allusion  to  Cibber  in 
that  novel.  Libya. 

Salford. 

The  passage  in  Fielding  which  F.  S.  wants  is 
not  in  T,om  Jones,  but  in  the  first  chapter  of 
Joseph  Andrews.  It  is  as  follows :  "  Who  lived 
the  life  he  hath  recorded,  and  is  by  many  thought 
to  have  lived  such  a  life  only  in  order  to  write  it." 
They  are  much  deceived  who  take  their  idea  of 
Cibber  from  Pope  or  Fielding.  The  Apology  is 
a  most  interesting  work,  and  has  little,  if  any, 
more  egotism  and  vanity  than  autobiographies  in 
general,  and  Fielding  in  the  drama  never  came 
near  "  The  Careless  Husband."  In  the  quarrel 
between  them,  Fielding  was,  I  believe,  the  ag- 
gressor. T.  K. 

Chatterton  Manuscripts  (2"^  S.  viii.  234.)  — 
Having  disdained  a  pseudonym  in  asking  a  ques- 
tion of  great  literary  interest,  I  find  myself  at  a 
disadvantage  in  replying  to  the  rather  strong 
terms  of  your  correspondent  W.  My  Query  re- 
specting the  Rowley  papers  was  not  quite  so  ex- 
plicit as  it  ought  to  have  been.  No  one  could 
reasonably  doubt  that  Chatterton's  father  did  ab- 
stract from  the  Redcliff  muniment  room  old  deeds, 
ancient  copies  of  presentments  and  assessments, 
&c.,  such  documents  as  usually  form  the  contents 
of  a  parish  chest ;  but  I  have  yet  to  learn  that  the 
soil"  ever  exhibited  a  single  scrap  of  literary  mat- 
ter, said  to  have  been  discovered  there,  which  is 
now  believed  to  be  genuine.  The  ingenious  hy- 
pothesis of  W.  has,  however,  effectually  settled 
the  question,  and  "  explained  a  thousand  difiicul- 
ties : "  for,  like  Caleb  Balderstone's  celebrated 
expedient  to  hide  the  Master  of  Ravenswood's 
poverty,  "  this  fire  will  settle  mony  things  on  an 
honorable  footing  for  the  family's  credit." 

Strangers  visiting  the  venerable  church  of  St. 
Mary  Redcliff  are,  I  believe,  requested  to  sign 
their  names  ;  but  it  was  a  new  inference  that  this 
custom,  which  is  common  in  many  other  places, 
has  any  connexion  with  the  "  art  and  malice  of 
Walpole,"  or  the  "  hatred  and  persecution "  of 
Chatterton  by  the  "  Corporation  of  Bristol,"  a  cen- 
tury ago. 

As  1  am  about  to  compare  notes  with  Bristo- 
LiENSis,  in  whom  I  have  recognised  a  highly 
valued  acquaintance,  a  reply  to  his  courteous 
communication  is  unnecessary.  Hugh  Owen. 

"  The  Royal  Slave "  (2'"i  S.  viii.  207.)  —  A 
quarto  edition  of  this  play  was  published  at 
Oxford  in  1639.  I  am  not  able  to  refer  to  it,  but 
would  it  not  give  the  names  of  the  performers  ? 

Cdthbert  Bede. 


318 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>"i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '5S 


"  Horn  et  Rimenhild ; "  "  Childe  Horn  "  (2"^  S. 
viii.  252.)  —  A  splendid  edition  of  the  ancient 
metrical  romances  of  Horn  and  Rimenhild  was 
published  in  4to.  at  Paris  in  1845,  by  the  Ban- 
natjne  Club,  under  the  superintendence  of  M. 
Francisque  Michel.  Mr.  David  Laing,  the  emi- 
nent Scottish  Antiquary,  was  secretary  of  the 
club  when  the  resolution  to  publish  it  at  its  ex- 
pense was  made;  and  his  services  in  assisting 
the  editor,  together  with  those  of  Sir  Frederic 
Madden  and  Mr.  T.  Wright,  are  gratefully  ac- 
knowledged by  M.  Michel.  In  a  note  the  editor 
states,  with  regret,  that  Mr.  Wright  had  aban- 
doned his  intention  of  preparing  the  English  ro- 
mance for  the  Bannatyne  edition,  which  would, 
with  his  assistance,  M.  Michel  modestly  states, 
have  acquired  a  value  to  which  in  its  present 
form  it  cannot  pretend.  The  Bannatyne  edition 
contains  all  the  poems  that  are  extant  relative 
to  the  adventures  of  Horn  and  Rimenhild,  and 
■written  in  the  French,  English,  and  Scottish  lan- 
guages, from  the  thirteenth  to  the  sixteenth  cen- 
tury. Facsimiles  are  given  of  the  MSS.  in  the 
Bodleian  Library,  the  British  Museum,  the  Ad- 
vocates' Library,  Edinburgh,  and  the  Public 
Library,  Cambridge.  The  Table  Generate  des 
Matieres  indicates  the  following  as  the  contents 
of  the  work :  — 

Page. 

"  J.  Liste  des  Membres  du  Bannatyne  Club        -  vii 

2.  Preface         -            -            -            -            -  xi 

3.  Roman  de  Horn  et  Rimenhild          -            -  1 

4.  The  Geste  of  Kyng  Horn     -            -            -  257 

5.  Horn  Child  and  Maiden  Rimmild    -            -  339 

6.  Appendix.  —  English  and  Scottish  Ballads 

relating  to  Horn  and  Rimmild. 
I.  Young  Hynhorn  (from  Cromek's  Col- 
lection)        _  -  .  -    S93 
II.  Hynde  Horn  (from   Kinloch's  Collec- 
tion)            -           -           -           -    395 

III.  Hynd  Horn  (from  Motherwell's  Min- 

strelsy Ancient  and  Modern)  -    399 

IV.  Hynd  Horn  (from  Peter  Buchan's  Col- 

lection)        -  -  -  -    407 

V.  Hiltibraht  enti  Hadhubrant  (from  Lach- 

mann's  and  Charles  Roth's  editions)     411 , 
Index  et  Glossaire  du  Pocme  Fran90is  -    417 

Notes,  Additions,  et  Corrections  -  -    461 

A  copious  list  of  various  readings  is  given 
from  the  Cambridge  MS.,  and  from  the  MS.  dis- 
covered by  Sir  F.  Madden.  M.  Michel  expresses 
also  his  obligations  to  his  learned  friend,  M.  Fer- 
dinand Wolf,  of  Vienna,  and  to  the  president  and 
members  of  the  Bannatyne  Club  for  being  at  the 
expense  of  publishing  the  work.  The  copy  from 
which  I  have  collected  the  preceding  information 
is  in  the  library  of  Sir  Robert  Tajlor's  Institu- 
tion. J.  Mackay. 
Oxford. 

Faber  v.  Smith  (2°'»  S.  viii.  87.  118.  157.)  —In 
his  reply  (p.  157.)  Mr.  Boys  asks,  "  Is  there  no 
way  in  which  a  man  bearing  the  name  of  Smith 
may  possess  individuality  ?  " 


As,  in  the  paragraph  preceding  this  Query,  Mr. 
Boys  half  hints  at  a  similar  arrangement  as  the 
one  by  which  he  refreshes  his  own  memory  as  to 
Smithian  acquaintances,  will  he  accept  the  follow- 
ing solution  of  the  difficulty,  it  being,  we  are  told, 
the  plan  resorted  to  by  a  (xerman  society  in  Al- 
bany for  distinguishing  the  numerous  "  Smiths  " 
belonging  to  the  institution  ?     They  had  — 

Smit  mit  de  brick-yard, 
Smit  mit  de  junk-shop. 


Big  Smit. 

Little  Smit. 

Smit  from  de  hill. 

Smit  from  the  holler. 

Smit  mit  de  store. 

Smit  de  blacksmit. 

Smit  mit  de  lager  bier  shop, 

Smit  without  any  «  vrow." 

Smit  wot  wants  a  "  vrow." 

Smit  mit  one  leg. 

Smit  mit  two  legs. 

Smit  mit  de  pigs. 

Smit  mit  de  pig  head. 

Smit  mit  de  pig  feet. 


Smit  mit  de  bolognas. 
Smit  mit  one  eye. 
Smit  mit  two  eyes. 
Smit  mit  de  bone-picker. 
Smit  mit  two  "  vrows." 
Smit  mit  de  swill-cart. 
Smit  mit  de  segar  stumps. 
Smit  mit  peach  pits. 
Smit  mit  de  whiskers. 
Smit  mit  de  red  hair. 
Smit  mit  no  hair. 
Smit. 

Tallboys. 


When  we  consider  how  ridiculously  common 
the  name  of  Smith  is,  I  think  we  can  hardly  fail 
to  come  to  the  conclusion  that  there  must  have 
been  several  origins  of  the  name.  Thus  I  think 
it  is  easy  to  show  that  there  were  tivo  distinct 
branches  at  least,  viz.  the  Saxon  and  the  Celtic. 
Verstegan  says  :  — 
"  From  whence  cometh  Smith,  be  he  knight  or  squire, 
Save  from  the  Smith  that  worketh  at  the  fire  ?  " 

And  I  think  with  him  that  the  Saxon  name 
Smith  is  doubtlessly  derived  from  the  "  Smith 
that  worketh  at  the  fire." 

The  Celtic  family  of  Smith  I  consider  to  be 
equivalent  to  the  Gaelic  Gow,  and  to  be  merely  a 
translation  of  it.  The  learned  Mr.  Lachlan  Shaw, 
in  his  History  of  Morayshire,  when  talking  of  the 
Clan  Chattan,  includes  the  Smiths  amongst  the 
families  of  the  clan ;  and  in  many  books  on  the 
Highlands  I  have  met  with  notices  of  "  Smiths  of 
the  family  of  Mackintosh,"  Macpherson,  &c.  &c. 

Besides  these  two  sources  there  may  have  been 
'many  other  origins  of  the  name.  I  should  like  to 
see  this  subject  investigated.  2.  ©^ 

JohnBaynes  (2""^  S.  viii.  269.)— The  "one  John 
Baynes,"  mentioned  by  your  correspondent,  was 
third  wrangler,  second  Smith's  prizeman,  and  first 
chancellor's  medallist,  1777;  and  became  after- 
wards a  Fellow  of  Trinity  College.  He  was  a  man 
of  sterling  worth,  marvellous  acquirements,  and 
strongly  independent  character.  As  concerning 
him  our  notes  contain  references  to  Biog.  Brit., 
ed.  Kippis,  iv.  Preface  ;  Cens.  Lit.  vi.  428. ; 
Cooper's  Annals  of  Cambridge,  iv.  424. ;  Ewo- 
pean  Mag.,  xii.  140.  167.  369.  439.,  xiii.  16.; 
"  Fruits  of  Endowment,"  Gent.  Mag.,  Ivi.  (2) 
1138.;  lix.  (2),  917,  918.;  Ixxv.  1141.;  Monk's 
Life  of  Bentley,  n.  423.  n. ;  Nichols's  Lit.  Anecd., 
vi'ii.  113—115. ;  W\cho\&'s  Illnstr.  of  Lit.,  v\ii.  145.  f 


2=3  S.  VIII.  Oct.  15.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


Notes  and  Queries,  xii.  2—4. ;  Life  of  Sir  Samuel 
Romilhj;  Watkins's  Biog.  Diet;  Whitaker's  Cra- 
ven, 363,  364.  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopee. 
Cambridge. 

Etymology  of  the  word  Battens  (2"*  S.  viiL  249.) 
— Before  we  can  make  anything  of  tlie  derivation 
of  this  word,  we  must  look  a  little  into  its  history. 
The  term  latten  appears  to  have  had  formerly  a 
close  connexion  with  button.  For  batten  Johnson 
refers  to  Moxon,  whom  we  find  first  using  the 
word  in  1678.  "  Batten.  Is  a  Scantling  of  Stuff" 
either  two,  three  or  four  Inches  broad :  and  is 
seldom  above  an  Inch  thick  :  and  the  Length  un- 
limmitted."  {Mechan.  Exercises.')  Aga,m,  ^' Batton 
in  merchandise  "  is  stated  to  be  "  a  name  given  to 
certain  pieces  of  wood  or  deal  for  flooring  or  other 
purposes."  (Encyc.  Brit.  1842.)  Moreover,  ac- 
cording to  Wright,  these  two  terms,  batton  and 
batten,  are  convertible.  "  Batton.  In  commerce, 
pieces  of  wood  or  deal  for  flooring,  or  other  pur- 
poses, also  called  batten."     {Univ.  Pron.  Diet.) 

But  supposing  batton  and  batten  to  be  thus  only 
the  same  word  under  different  forms,  what  of 
their  etymology  ?  Batton  is  derived  by  Webster 
from  bat,  and  bat  from  the  Saxon.  ("  Bac,  Bate. 
Fustis.  a  bat  or  club."  Lye.)  According  to  Ogil- 
vie,  however,  batton  in  Spenser  signifies  "  a  baton 
or  club  "  (Supplement),  which  leads  us  off"  quite  in 
another  direction,  and  brings  us  to  the  Fr.  baton, 
old  Fr.  baston.  All  we  can  say  is  that  both  the 
Fr.  baton  and  the  Sax.  bat  have  perhaps  a  com- 
mon origin  from  some  older  root.  Cf.  Lat.  batva, 
to  beat,  "a  ^nriio,  quod  Delphorum  lingua  est 
Trareco,  calco."  (Ainsworth.)  Menage,  however, 
derives  the  Lat.  batuo  from  the  Gr.  trarAffcroi ;  and 
as  to  the  origin  of  the.  old  Fr.  baston  and  It.  bas- 
tone  the  differences  are  endless.       Thomas  Bots. 

Rustic  Superstition  (2"'^  S.  viii.  243.)  —  The 
author  of  Adam  Bede,  in  the  passage  quoted  by 
A,  evidently  refers  to  a  superstition  prevalent  in 
many  parts  of  Britain,  and  preserved  to  us  in  an 
aphoristic  form  in  the  following  distich  :  —  ^ 

"Happy  is  the  wedding  that  the  sun  shines  on ; 
Blessed  is  the  corpse  that  the  rain  rains  on." 

Otherwise  thus :  — 

"  Sad  is  the  burying  in  the  sun  shine ; 
But  blessed  is  the  corpse  that  goeth  home  in  rain." 

The  moon  is  said  to  be  like  a  boat  when  the 
horns  seem  to  point  upwards ;  and  there  is  a 
very  prevalent  opinion  in  this  county,  not  con- 
fined entirely  to  the  uninstructed,  that  at  the 
period  when  the  moon  is  thus  situated,  there  will 
be  no  rain.  Southey  notices  this  piece  of  folk- 
lore in  one  of  his  letters,  and  furnishes  us  with 
a  quaint  reason  for  it. 

"Poor  Littledale  has  this  day  explained  the  cause  of 
our  late  rains,  which  have  prevailed  for  the  last  five 
weeks,  by  a  theory  which  will  probably  be  as  new  to  you 
as  it  is  to  me.    '  I  have  observed,'  he  says,  '  that  when 


the  moon  is  turned  upwards,  we  have  fine  weather  after 
it,  but  Avhen  it  is  turned  down,  then  we  have  a  wet 
season;  and  the  reason  I  think  is,  that  when  it  is  turned 
down,  it  holds  no  water,  like  a  bason,  j'ou  know,  and 
then  down  it  comes."  —  Letter  to  G.  C.  Bedford,  Esq., 
Dec.  29,  1828.  (Life  and  Correspondence  of  It.  Southey, 
edited  bt/  his  Son,  Rev.  C.  C.  Southey,  vol.  v.  p.  341.) 

Edward  Peacock. 
Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg,  Lincolnshire. 

Booh  Inscriptions  (passim). —  In  a  MS.  copy  of 
the  "  Register  of  the  Titles  of  a  Collegiate  Church 
in  St.  Thanew's  Gate,  Glasgow,"  which  belonged 
to  the  deceased  John  Dillon,  S.S.C.,  F.S.S.A.,  a 
learned  legal  antiquary,  and  one  of  the  sheriffs 
of  Lanarkshire,  whose  large  valuable  library  was 
disposed  of  in  Glasgow  by  public  sale  in  No- 
vember, 1831,  occur  the  following  Notes:  — 

"  This  bulk  ressauit  be  me  fra  Mr.  James  Wardlaw,  con- 
tenane  fiftie  ane  leiffis  of  parchment,  to  be  delivered  be 
me  to  him  again  ye  raorne.  Subscryvit  with  my  hand 
at  Edinburgh  the  xxi  day  of  December  four  score  twelf 
yeirs."  (sic?) 

"  James  Streveling." 
"  Hie  liber  pertinet, 
To  beir  it  veil  in  mj'nde, 
Ad  me  Magistrum  Jacobum  Wardlaw, 
Baith  courtas  and  kynd. 
Si  quisquis  invenerit, 
To  give  it  him  again, 
Habebit  pecunium, 
The  quhilk  sal  mak  him  fain." 

"  Gulielmus  Auchenlek 
Give  gloir  to  God." 
The  care,  and  punctuality  in  returning,  of  these 
ancient  book  borrowers  may  well  serve  for  an 
example  even  in  modern  times,  so  often  miserably 
infringed.  Mr.  Wardlaw  had  likely  been  a  cau- 
tious, yet  obliging  lawyer,  who  knew  the  value  of 
never  lending  any  of  his  buiks  and  papers  except 
upon  a  receipt.  G.  N. 

Somersetshire  Poets  (2"'i  S.  viii.  204.  258.)  —  I 
am  persuaded  that  Somersetshire  may  claim  the 
honour  of  the  birth  of  Southey.  My  mother  and  he 
were  playmates  in  early  childhood,  and  as  he  then 
lived  in  Redcliff"  Street,  on  the  Somersetshire  side 
of  the  Avon,  it  is  most  probable  that  he  was  born 
in  that  same  locality.  F.  C.  H. 

The  "-History  of  Ireland"  (2'"^  S.  viii.  250.)  — 
The  author  of  that  curious  "  History  of  Ireland  " 
forming  vol.  xlii.  of  The  Modern  Pai't  of  an  Uni- 
versal History,  was  the  notorious  but  erudite 
impostor  George  Psalmanazar,  inventor  of  the 
Formosan  Alphabet  and  Grammar. 

W.  J.  Fitz-Patrick. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,  ETC. 

jKett's  Rebellion  in  Norfolk;  being  a  History  of  the  Great 
Civil  Commotion  tJiat  occurred  at  the  Time  of  the  Reformation 
in  the  Reign  of  Edward  VL,  founded  on  the  "  Commoyson 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2°d  s.  VIII.  Oct,  15.  '59. 


in  1549,"  by  Nicholas  Sotherton,  and  the  "  De  Furoribus 
Norfoldensium  "  of  Nevylle,  and  corroborated  ly  Extracts 
from  the  Privy  Council  Register,  Documents  preserved  in 
the  State  Paper  and  other  Record  Offices,  the  Harleian  and 
other  MSS. ;  and  Corporation  Town  and  Church  Records. 
By  the  Rev.  F.  W.  Russell,  M.A.,  F.S.A.,  &c.  With  Il- 
lustrations.    (Longman  &  Co.) 

Before  we  have  a  General  History  of  England,  written 
with  all  the  accuracj'  and  precision  demanded  by  the 
greatness  of  the  subject,  we  must  have  manj'  such  His- 
torical Monographs  as  that  to  which  we  are  now  about  to 
invite  public  attention.  The  leisure  of  nine  years  which 
the  Rev.  F.  W.  Russell  has  devoted  to  the  study  and  in- 
vestigation of  one  historical  event— certainly  one  of  great 
moment  —  has  produced  a  volume  which  will  be  perused 
with  great  satisfaction  by  the  general  reader  as  a  pleasant 
narrative  of  the  events  of  that  stirring  period  in  English 
history  in  which  Kett  and  his  followers  played  a  by  no 
means  unimportant  part :  and  we  beg  the  general  reader 
not  to  be  misled  by  its  ample  title-page  into  the  error  of 
believing  the  book  to  be  but  a  bundle  of  dry  bones.  It  is 
nothing  of  the  sort.  It  is  pleasant  and  readable ;  while 
at  the  same  time  it  contains  such  an  important  mass  of 
historical  documents  and  evidence,  drawn  from  every 
available  source  of  information,  as  to  make  it  a  contribu- 
tion of  the  highest  value  to  all  future  writers  upon  these 
eventful  times.  We  ought  not  to  omit  one  word  in  praise 
of  the  illustrations. 

Handbook  of  the  Geography  and  Statistics  of  The  Church. 
By  J.  E.  T.  VViltsch.  Translated  from  the  German  by 
John  Leitch,  Esq.  With  a  Preface  by  the  Rev.  F.  D. 
Maurice,  M.A.     Vol.  I.     (Bosworth  &  Harrison.) 

The  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  have  frequently  given  evi- 
dence of  the  want  of  some  satisfactory  work  on  the 
Geography  of  the  Church.  When  lecturing  on  Eccle- 
siastical History  at  King's  College,  some  years  since. 
Professor  Maurice  felt  this  want ;  and  as  Wiltsch's  Hand- 
buch  seemed  to  meet  his  requirements  better  than  any 
other  which  he  could  hear  of,  he  suggested  to  Mr.  Leitch, 
the  well-known  translator  of  O.  MuUer's  Introduction  to  a 
Scientific  System  of  Mythology,  that  he  would  be  doing 
good  service  to  English  students  by  placing  an  English 
translation  of  Wiltsch  within  their  reach.  The  result 
is  now  before  us ;  and  when  we  see  the  vast  amount  of 
useful  information  which  German  industry  has  here 
collected  together,  we  readily  agree  with  the  opinion 
expressed  by  Mr.  Maurice  that  Mr.  Leitch  has  conferred  a 
very  great  benefit  upon  schools,  universities,  and  private 
students  by  his  enterprise,  and  that  there  can  be  no 
doubt  that  ecclesiastical  history  will  be  studied  with  far 
greater  profit  by  those  who  have  this  handbook  at  their 
side.  The  work  will  be  completed  in  two  volumes.  The 
present  brings  down  the  history  of  the  Church  to  the 
year  1073,  and  is  made  complete,  as  far  as  it  goes,  by  a 
very  full  Index. 

Books  Received.  — 

The  Bye  Lanes  and  Downs  of  England,  with  Turf 
Scenes  and  Characters.  By  Sylvanus.  Third  Edition 
revised.     (Bentley.) 

A  cheap  reprint  of  a  very  pleasant  chatty  volume  on  a 
subject  in  which  every  English  country  gentleman  feels 
more  or  less  interest. 

British  Ferns  and  their  Allies  :  an  Abridgment  of  "  The 
Popular  History  of  British  Ferns."  By  Thomas  Moore, 
F.L.S.  Illustrated  by  W.  S.  Coleman.  (Routledge  & 
Co.) 

If  Mr.  Moore  is  the  especial  Historian  of  British  Ferns, 
Messrs.  Routledge  are  the  especial  publishers  of  works 
on  Natural  History  for  the  Million.  Here  we  have  for 
a  shilling  an  instructive,  well  written,  and  well  illustrated 
book  on  Ferns !    What  can  go  bevond  this  ? 


Lord  Byron's  Poetical  Works.  Murray's  Complete  Edi- 
tion.    Parts  VIII.  and  IX.     (Murray.) 

The  publication  of  Mr.  Murray's  Complete  and  remark- 
ably cheap  edition  of  Byron  is  thus  brought  to  a  close 
by  the  issue  of  the  eighth  and  ninth  Parts.  We  are  glad 
to  find  that  it  is  to  be  followed  by  an  equally  cheap  edi- 
tion of  Moore's  Life  of  the  wayward  poet. 

The  Poetical  Works  of  Thomas  Moore.  People's  Edi- 
tion.    Part  VII.     (Longman  &  Co.) 

This  seventh  Part  contains.  Corruption  and  Intolerance  ; 
Sceptic;  Twopenny  Post  Bag;  and  Satirical  and  Hu- 
morous Poems.  Some  of  the  latter  seem  to  grow  more 
bitter  by  age. 


BOOKS    AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Boate's  (Dr.  G.)  Ireland's  Natitr At  HisToRv.    London.    1652.  l2mo. 

First  Annual  Report  of   the  Chqrch    Education   Society  for  Ire- 
land.    1810.    8vo. 

Dublin  University  Calendar    akd   Examination  Papers,  for  1836, 
1845,1848,1849,1852,1853,1854.     12mo. 

Transactions    op    the    Kilkenny    Arch^ological    Society.     Vol.  I. 
Part  I.    1849.    8yo. 

IiocGH  Fea.    4to.    London.    1859. 

CnoRCH  Missionary  Intelligencer.    Vols.  I.  &  11. 1849  —  1850.    8V0. 
Wanted  by  Sev.  B.  II.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 

Miscellaneous   Letters  and  Essays  on  several  Subjects.    8vo.    C. 

Gildon.     1694. 

Wanted  by  Charles  Wylie,  50.  Devonshire  Street,  Portland  Place,  W. 


Hatton's  New  View  op  London.    1708.  2  Vols.  8to.  Or  the  2nd  volume 

only. 
Baines'   History,  Directory,  and  Gazetteer    op  County  Palatine 

OF  Lancaster.    2  Vols.  Svo.     1824.    Or  the  2nd  volume  only. 

ReAy's   Hi;TOKY    OP   THE  REBELLION,  1715. 

Wanted  by  G.  Bishop,  3.  Rennet's  Hill,  Doctors'  Commons. 


Sowerby's  English  Botany.    Vols.  XXVII.  to  the  end. 

KiRBY  AND   SpENCe's  EntOMOLOOY.      Vol.  III. 

The  Confessyon  op  the  Faythb  op  the  Garmaynes.  Lond.  1536.    An 
imperfect  copy,  or  folios  12.  and  13. 

Wanted  by  W.  George,  29.  Bath  Street,  Bristol. 


fiatitti  t0  Car«iSji0ntfmW. 

We  are  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  week  many  articles  of  great 
interest,  and  notices  to  several  correspondents. 

H.  Q.  J.  DE  S.  villi  find  a  complete  copy  of  the  Carol — 
"  As  it  fell  out  on  May  Morning  " 
in  Mr.  Sandys'  admirable  Christmas  Carols  (ed.  1833),  p.  149. 

SiRKAR  Ka  Nakor.  Where  can  loe  address  a  letter  to  this  correspon- 
dent r 

A.  B.  Me5ham.    Philemon  Holland's  translation  ofLivy,  1600,  fol.  sold 
)tdt  Sir  M.  M.  Sykes's  sale  for  31.  8s.;   this  loas  King  James's  copy;  off 
Steevens's  sale  it  fetched  only  \Zs.  6d. 

Enquirer.  Richard  Cromwell,  son  of  the  Protector,  died  lith  Jiilif, 
1712,  and  loas  buried  at  Hursley,  near  Winchester.  He  is  merely  noticed 
among  other  members  of  the  family  on  a  monument  in  the  chancel  of 
Hursley  church.    See  Noble's  (jromwell,  i.  361. 

Ymovynydd.  For  notices  of  ilie  Court  of  the  Marches  of  Wales,  see 
"  N.  &  Q."  Ist  S.  V.  30.  135.  189.  445.;  X.  306. 

Errata.  —  2nd  S.  viii.  p.  233.  col.  ii.  11  lines  from  bottom,  for  "  pre- 
sent time"  read  "present  work;"  p.  257.  col.  i.  1.7. /or "the  father 
of  whom  "  read  "  the  latter  of  whom." 

"Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  Us.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.-,  to  whom 
all  CoMHUNicATioHs  FOR  THE  Editor  sAouki  &e  addresscd. 


B 


ENSON'S         WATCHES. 

"  Perfection  of  mechanism. "  —  Morning  Post. 


Gold,  4  to  100  guineas  :  Silver,  2  to  50  guineas.    Send  2  Stamps  for 
1   Benson's  Illustrated  Watch  Pamphlet.    Watches  sent  to  all  parts  of 
the  World  Free  per  Post. 

33.  and  34.  LtlDGATE  HILL,  London,  E.G. 


2'"i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


321 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  22. 1869. 


N".  199.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTKS:  —  Forgeries  on  Banyan,  by  George  Offor,  321  —John  Bunyan 
and  "  the  Pilgrim's  Progress,"  &c.,  322  _  De  Guileville's  "  Pilgrimage 
of  the  Soul,"  lb.  —  Probation  Lists  of  Merchant  'laylors'  School— No. 
3.,  by  Rev.  Charles  J.  Robinson,  M.A.,  /6.  —  Prince  of  Wales  in  Ox- 
ford, by  Rev.  F.  Trench,  323  — Sir  William  Ussher,  324  _  Sir  Amyas 
Paulett  and  Sir  Drue  I)rury,76. — Kiric  Session  Records,  125. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Careless  Writing  and  Odd  Result—  Sponge  or  Spanish 
Cakes  — Charm  for  cutting  Teeth  —  Lynching  by  Women  in  Oldea 
Time  —  Bobyll  and  the  Cardinal's  Hat,  326. 

QUERIES  :  —Poem  on  the  French  War,  by  Joshua  Leavitt,  327. 

Minor  Qceries:  —  Francis  Burgersdicius  —  Bulse  —  James  Anderson 
—  Grinding  Old  People  Young  —Drummondof  Colquhalzie— The 
Combat  between  the  Dukes  of  Norfolk  and  Hereford  —  Quotation  — 
Joseph  of  Exeter's  Poem,  entitled  "  Antiocheis,"  ifec,  327. 

Minor  Qokrtes  with  Answers:- Vindicta  Bernardi  —  Jetonniers  — 
Aylward  Family  Crest  — The  Duchess  of  Marlborough—  i'aul  Gem- 
scge  —  Bible,  Misprint  in  Seventh  Commandment,  329. 

REPLIES:  — Henry  Smith,  by  Rev.  J.  Eastwood, &c.,S30 —  London  in 
1558,  331  —Bacon's  Essays,  332  — Bearded  Women,  by  P.  Hutchinson, 
333  —  Soul,  by  T.  J.  Buckton,  334  —  Early  Editions  of  Foxe's  Book  of 
Martyrs,  by  Nicholas  Pocock,«:c.,/6. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  :  — Sir  Robert  le  Gris  —  Alderman  Hart — 
Baron  of  Beef  at  Windsor—  Mr,  Abdias  Ashton  of  St.  John's  Coll. 

Camb Sutt'ragiin  Bishop —  Sir  William  and  Sir  Richard  Weston- 

Actresses  ennobled  by  Marrias e— Duchess  of  Bolton—Termination  in 
■'  -ness  "  —  Cross  and  Candlesticks  on  Super- Altar  —  Lord  Nithsdale's 
Escape  — Schuyler—  Gay's  Works,  &c.,  337. 

Monthly  Feuilleton  on  French  Books. 


FORGERIES    ON    JOHN   BUNYAN. 

The  Editor  of  the  first  complete  edition  of  all 
Bunyan's  works  reprinted  accurately  from  the  ori- 
ginal editions,  which  were  corrected  by  the  author, 
is  desirous  of  giving  as  perfect  a  list  as  possible 
of  all  the  books  which  have  been  published  under 
his  name  or  initials,  or  with  titles  intended  to  de- 
ceive the  public  into  a  belief  that  works  with 
which  he  was  not  in  the  slightest  degree  con- 
nected were  written  by  him  ;  the  popularity  of 
his  name  ensuring  a  large  sale  to  such  forgeries. 
He  denounced  this  iniquity  prior  to  his  decease  in 
1688  on  the  reverse  of  the  title-page  to  the  third 
edition  of  One  Thing  is  Needful,  and  other  poems, 
by  John  Bunyan,  in  these  words  :  — 

"  Advertisemetit.  This  Author  having  Publish'd  many 
Bookij  which  have  gone  oflf  very  well :  There  are  certain 
Ballad-sellers  about  Newgate,  and  on  London- Bridge,  who 
have  put  the  two  first  letters  of  this  Author's  name  and 
his  Effigies  to  their  Rhimes  and  Ridiculous  Books,  sug- 
gesting to  the  World  as  if  -they  were  his :  Now  know, 
that  this  Author  publisheth  his  Name  at  large  to  all  his 
Books ;  and  what  you  shall  see  otherwise  he  disowns." 

Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  add  to 
the  following  list  ?  — 

1.  The  Saints'  Triumph,  or  the  G\ory  of  the  Saints  with 
Jesus  Christ.  Describing  the  Joys  and  Comforts  a  Be- 
liever reaps  in  Heaven  after  his  painful  Pilgrimage  and 
Sufferings  on  Earth.  By  J.  B.,  with  Bunyan's  portrait 
on  the  title.  Small  4to.  pamphlet.  J.  Blare,  Looking  Glass 
on  London  Bridge,  1689. 

2.  The  Second  Part  of  the  Pilgrim's  Progress,  1683.  De- 
dicated to  Jehovah  by  T.  S.  Frontispiece,  two  clergymen 
in  full  costume,  one  sleeping.  Bunyan  published  his  Se- 
cond Part  in  1684.     Query,  who  was  T.  S.  ? 

3.  The  Pilgrim's   Progress,  the  Third  Part.    London 


Bridge,  1693.  The  preface  is  signed  J.  B.  J.  Eyiand 
considered  this  as  inferior  to  Bunjan  as  a  piece  of  hop- 
sack  is  to  the  finest  cambrick,  or  a  daub  to  a  Titian.  It 
has  also  very  indelicate  passages,  and  to  it  was  appended 
a  life  of  Bunyan  containing  a  paragraph  about  the  ran- 
ters so  indecent  that  a  new  life  was  written  for  the 
fourth  edition,  1700.  In  the  reprint  of  the  old  life,  by* 
Mr.  Ivimey,  the  bad  part  was  omitted.  Querj%  who  was 
the  author  of  the  book,  or  of  either  of  the  lives  ? 

4.  An  Exhortation  to  Peace  and  Unity  among  all  that 
fear  God.  The  late  Mr.  Robinson  of  Cambridge  has 
fully  proved  that  this  was  not  from  the  pen  of  Bunj'an. 
It  has  been  published  in  every  edition  of  his  works. 
Query,  Is  there  any  edition  of  it  before  Buuj-an's  death, 
1688?  The  first  that  I  have  seen  is  in  the  .second  edition 
of  the  Barren  Fig  Tree,  1688.  This  has  a  black  border 
round  the  title-page,  it  being  published  after  the  author's 
death. 

5.  The  Visions  of  John  Bunyan;  being  his  Last  Re- 
mains, giving  an  Account  of  the  Glories  of  Heaven,  and 
the  Terrors  of  Hell.  Midwinter,  London  Bridge.  No 
date,  but  after  the  accession  of  George  I. 

This  is  a  verbal  reprint,  preface  and  all,  of  "the  World 
to  Come,  the  Glories  of  Heaven  and  the  Terrors  of  Hell 
Lively  displaj'ed  under  the  Similitude  of  a  Vision."  By 
G.  L.  4>ika.v9ptanoi,  GwiUim,  1711.  G.  L.  was  George  Lar- 
kin,  a  friend  of  Duntoa's,  who  mentions  the  book  in  his 
Memoirs. 

6.  Hearts-Ease  in  Heart  Trouble  by  J.  B.,  a  servant  of 
Jesus  Christ,  1G9I,  republished  in  1728  by  J.  B.,  Minister 
of  the  Gospel,  with  a  Hebrew  motto  on  the  title.  This 
book  was  written  by  James  Burdwood,  a  Nonconformist 
minister  ejected  from  St.  Patrick's,  Dartmouth  [Palmer's 
Noncon.  Memorial'].  It  is  dated  "  From  the  house  of  my 
pilgrimage  March,  1690,  Bunyan  having  long  before  en- 
tered upon  his  house  eternal  in  the  heavens.  In  1762  it 
was  published  under  the  name  of  John  Bunyan,  and 
went  through  many  subsequent  editions;  one  even  by 
the  Tract  Society,  but  was  soon  withdrawn.  The  third 
page  exhibits  a  sentence  diametricallj'  opposed  to  Bun- 
yan's sentiments.  "  We  are  always  too  prone  to  fall  into 
extreams;  to  sin  either  in  excess  or  in  defect,  too  much, 
or  too  little;  we  are  faulty  both  ways."  What  a  slan- 
der to  charge  Bunj'an  with  saying,  men  sinned  too  little ! 

7.  The  Riches  of  Christ  or  the  Glorious  Treasure  of 
Heavenly  Joys,  Exhortations  to  Repentance,  with  a  de- 
vout Prayer.  By  J.  Bunyan,  Edinburgh,  1741,  12mo.,  8 
leaves. 

8.  The  new  Pilgrim's  Progress,  or  a  Pilgrimage  to 
Greatness,  under  the  Similitude  of  a  Dream.  By  John 
Bunyan,  2  lines  (rom  Horace,  1756,  8vo.  A  political  squib 
supposed  to  be  aimed  at  Walpole.  It  passed  through 
several  editions. 

9.  Bunyan's  Shove.  A  copy  of  the  title  and  date  re- 
quested. 

10.  The  Advantages  and  Disadvantages  of  the  Mar- 
riage State.  By  J.  B.,  minister  of  the  Gospel ;  frontis- 
piece, the  sleeping  portrait  inscribed  John  Bunyan  of 
Bedforde.    Printed /or  the  Author,  1775. 

The  foulest  and  most  unfounded  slander  upon  the 
fair  fame  of  Bunyan  has  been  recently  published 
in  the  Freemans  Journal,  in  which  it  is  asserted 
that  Bunyan  copied  his  Pilgrim's  Progress  nearly 
verbatim  from  an  old  Popish  work  on  purgatory, 
called  The  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul,  which  com- 
mences after  the  body  is  dead,  and  goes  through 
all  the  imaginary  pains  of  that  fraudulent  inven- 
tion so  profitable  to  the  priest,  called  purgatory, 
scarcely  one  sentence  in  which  has  the  slightest 


322 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2»dS.  VIII.  Oct.  22.'o9. 


similarity  to   Bunyan's  Pilgrim's   Progress,   ex- 
cepting that  it  is  a  dream.  George  Offob. 


,  JOHN   BUNYAN   AND    "THE   PILGRIMS   PROGRESS. 

I  beg  to  hand  you  a  cutting  from  the  Dublin 
Freeman  of  September  29. 

"  An  interesting  literary  discovery  has  just  been 
brought  to  light.  It  was  asserted  some  time  ago  that 
Bunyan,  who  wrote  the  Pilgrim's  Progress,  was  an  im- 
postor, and  that  the  whole  story  was  made  up  from  an 
ancient  manuscript.  Several  erudite  members  of  the 
Eeformed  Church  wrote  letters  to  the  newspapers,  de- 
nouncing the  libel,  and  claiming  for  honest  John  Bunyan 
the  whole  credit  of  having  conceived  and  written  the  famous 
Progress.  Miss  Catharine  Isabella  Gust  has,  however, 
taken  up  the  gauntlet  thrown  down  b}'  Dr.  Gumming 
and  other  admirers  of  Mr.  Bunyan,  and  has  shown,  be- 
yond all  possibility  of  doubt,  and  on  the  most  irrefragable 
evidence,  that  Bunj'an,  the  '  star  of  Protestantism,'  was 
a  mere  duffer,  and  a  shabbj',  unprincipled  duflFer  into  the 
bargain.  She  has  published  (this  day)  a  translation 
from  the  French  manuscript  copy  in  the  British  Museum 
of  the  Pylgremage  of  the  Sowle,  by  Guillaume  De  Guile- 
ville,  a  churchman  who  flourished  in  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury. The  original  work  Avas  translated  in  Eugland  70 
3'ears  before  the  Reformation,  and  was  printed  by  Caxton 
in  1483.  The  Bunj'an's  Pilgrim's  Progress  is  nearly  a 
verbatim  copy  of  this  rare  work,  with  a  few  alterations 
here  and  thei-e,  to  give  it  the  tinge  of  originality !  I  have 
the  work  before  me  as  I  write,  and  when  it  reaches  your 
hands  j'ou  will  be  able  to  judge  what  measure  of  credit 
John  Bunyan  is  entitled  to.  The  fact  can  no  longer  be 
disputed  that  John  Bunj'an,  of  pious  memorj',  was  nothing 
more  nor  less  than  a  literary  swindler,  and  that  the  sub- 
lime sentiments  enunciated  in  the  Progress  •vr&ra  not  those 
of  an  inspired  follower  of  the  *  reformed  faith,'  but  of  a 
Catholic  divine  who  lived  and  died  long  before  John 
Bunj-an  saw  the  light  —  whose  work  was  translated  by 
Catholic  pens,  and  printed  by  Catholic  hands,  in  the 
little  printing  room  called  '  j-e  presse  closet,'  within  the 
precincts  of  the  abbey  church  of  Westminster,  on  the 
very  spot  where  the  new  Victoria  Hotel  now  stands,  and 
that  John  Bunyan  had  no  more  to  do  with  its  production 
than  you  or  I !  The  saints  will  be  savage  to  think  that 
for  two  centuries  they  have  been  lavishing  so  much 
praise  upon  an  imposition ;  but  facts  are  stubborn  things, 
and  even  the  most  incredulous  must  believe,  when  the 
original  Pylgremage  of  the  Sowle  is  placed  in  their  hands, 
and  compared  with  the  modest  and  veracious  publication 
of  Mr.  John  Bunyan,  whom  Heaven  forgive  for  his  un- 
bscrupulous  audacity." 

If  the  facts  be  as  stated,  I  think  they  cannot 
be  too  generally  known  :  if,  on  the  other  hand,  the 
statement  can  be  contradicted,  or  is  susceptible  of 
qualification,  some  of  your  numerous  correspon- 
dents may  be  in  a  position  to  do  so.  G.  P. 

[This  is  a  most  disgraceful  piece  of  misrepresentation, 
in  which  it  is  difficult  to  say  whether  religious  bigotry 
or  unscrupulous  mendacity  has  the  preeminence.  Miss 
Cust  did  not  "  take  up  the  gauntlet  thrown  down  by  Di-. 
Gumming  and  other  admirers  of  Mr.  Bunj-an."  The  Pil- 
grim's Progress,  so  far  from  being  "  nearl}'  a  verbatim 
copy  "  of  the  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soid,  really  contains  only 
such  occasional  resemblances  as  are  almost  inevitable 
from  the  similarit3'  of  their  subject,  both  De  Guileville 
and  Bunj'an  being  indebted  for  the  idea  to  the  Apoca- 
lypse.   The  late  Mr.  'N'athaniel  Hill,  who  had  devoted 


many  years  to  the  study  of  the  works  to  which  he 
thought  Bunj'an  had  been  indebted,  speaking  of  De 
Guileville's  Pilgrimage  of  Man  (which  is  really  the 
work  which  Pilgrim's  Progress  most  resembles),  says  ex- 
pressly, "  that  the  allegory  which  becomes  in  the  hands  of 
Bunj'an  a  fascinating  narrative  full  of  vitality  and  Chris- 
tian doctrine,  is  in  the  work  of  De  Guileville  only  a  cold 
and  lifeless  dialogue  between  abstract  and  unembodied 
qualities : "  and  few,  we  think,  who  will  take  the  trouble  to 
compare  the  two  books  (and  the  admirers  of  John  Bun- 
j'an can  well  afford  to  invite  such  comparison),  will  hesi- 
tate in  deciding  that  the  epithets  "  shabbj-,  unprincipled 
duffer,"  and  "  literary  swindler,"  do  not  apply  to  the 
author  of  The  Pilgrim's  Progress,  however  correctly  they 
maj'  describe  the  writer  of  false  and  scandalous  charges. 
As  the  correspondent  of  the  Freeman's  Journal  professes 
to  have  had  Miss  Gust's  book  before  him  when  he  penned 
this  tissue  of  untruths,  we  may  fitly  conclude  in  his  own 
words,  "  whom  Heaven  forgive  for  his  unscrupulous  au- 
dacitj'."— Ed.  «  N.  &  Q."] 

De  Guileville's  ^^  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul"  (2"'^  S. 
viii.  268.)  —  Anon,  wishes  to  know  what  became 
of  a  MS.  verse  translation  formerly  possessed  by 
Mr.  Gillies."^  There  are  several  in  the  British 
Museum,  and  Caxton's  edition  of  1483.  Probably 
one  of  these  may  be  that  now  sought  for.  But 
what  makes  Anon,  dream  that  John  Bunyan  ever 
saw  that  curious  book,  or  had  it  in  prison  ?  He 
could  not  have  read  it !  Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Pro- 
gress is  that  of  a  man  from  his  conviction  of  sin 
until  he  dies.  The  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul  com- 
mences where  Bunyan  ends  !  and  shows  the  soul's 
horrid  state  for  thousands  of  years  in  purgatory, 
until  released  on  the  intercession  of  the  Virgin 
Mary.  A  fair  analysis  of  this  book  is  in  my  in- 
troduction to  the  Pilgrim.  The  Freeman's  Jour- 
nal has  circulated  a  most  unfounded  slander  in 
saying  that  Bunyan  copied  Guileville.  The  two 
books  are  open  to  the  public,  in  the  British 
Museum,  and  give  an  utter  denial  to  the  asser- 
tion. George  Offob. 


PROBATION  LISTS   OF  MERCHANT  TAYLORS'   SCHOOL. 
NO.   III. 

111.  Robotham)   ai^^™„„  fb.  1686. 

112.  Thomas     J '^'^^'^'^y  1  b.  1692. 

113.  Moses  Allington,  b.  1666. 

(N"o  doubt  brother  of  Marmaduke  A.,  M.P.) 

114.  Edward  Amhurst,  b.  1698-9. 
(Younger  brother  of  Nicholas  Amhurst.) 

115.  Townsend  Andrews,  b.  1702. 

116.  Timothy  Archer,  b.  1631. 

*  Guileville  wrote  three  treatises,  called  "  Le  Romant 
des  trois  Pelerinages :  le  premier  est  de  I'homme  durant 
qu'est  en  vie ;  le  second  de  I'ame  seperee  du  corps ;  le 
tiers  est  de  notre  Seigneur  Jesus,"  written  1330,  printed 
at  Lj'ons,  1485.  Never  published  together  in  English. 
Caxton  printed  Tlie  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul  in  1483. 
Fawkes  printed  the  first,  The  Pilgrimage  of  3fan,  about 
1505.  So  rare  as  to  be  unknown  to  Dibdin,  there  is  a 
copy  at  Oxford.  Miss  Cust  used  a  MS.  of  this  in  the 
Museum. 


g"-"  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


323 


117. 
118. 
119. 
120. 

121. 

122. 
123. 

124. 
125. 
126. 
127. 
128. 
129. 

130. 
131. 
132. 
133. 
134. 
135, 

136. 


137. 
138. 
139. 
140. 


141. 

142. 
143. 


144. 
145. 
146. 
147. 

148. 


149. 


150. 
151. 
152. 
153. 
154. 
155. 
156. 


157. 
158. 
159. 

160. 
161. 
162. 
163. 
164. 
165. 
166. 


Thomas  Atterburv,  b.  May  23,  1683. 
Randolph  Barkerj  b.  1681, 
Brian      )  Tin„fi,„.>,  f  b.  1682. 
Gregory)  ^^"'^^'^'"ib.  1719. 

(Both  were,  no  doubt,  related  to  the  Economist.) 
Andrew  Bethune,  b.  1705. 

(Possibly  B.A.  of  Balliol  College,  1724.) 
John  Blacstone,  b.  Sep.  23,  1713. 
.John  Bramestone,  b.  Sep.  29,  1696. 

(Was  he  B.A.  of  Catharine  Hall,  Camb.,  1716?) 
John  Buckingham,  b.  1717. 
Thomas  Burgoyne,  b.  1721. 
.Julius  CiEsar,  b.  June  16,  1709. 
Nicholas )  p„„f..n    f  b.  1675. 
Thomas  }  ^""^"^^^   1  b.  1665. 
Thomas  Carow,  b.  Dec.  10,  1602. 

(Was  this  Thos.  Carew  of  Tower  Hill,  the  poet?) 
Jacob       )  ru„i^„,„  fb.  1598. 
Theodore  l*^^*^<''^^'^ib.  1674.      • 
Ephraim  Child,  b.  1595. 
Robert  Codrington,  b.  1633. 
Owen  Crane,  b.  1635. 
Andrew  Crisp,  b.  1665. 

(Of  Merton  and  Oriel  Colleges,  Oxford.) 
Nathaniel  Danse,  b.  1735. 

(Afterwards  Sir  N.  D.  Holland,  Bart.,  M.P.,  the 

eminent  and  eccentric  painter.) 
John  Deering,  b.  1637. 
Baldwin  Duppa,  b.  1681. 
Marmaduke  Etty,  b.  1715. 
Francis  Feme.     (No  date  given.) 

(Fell,  of  S.  John's,  Cambridge,  Master  of  Wisbech 

School,  Preb.  of  Ely,  d.  1713.) 
Francis  Ferrand,  b.  Mar.  5,  1601. 
Archibald  Floyer,  b.  1689. 
Henry  Hankey,  b.  1700. 

(Sir  Henry  H.,  Knt.,    Alderman  and  Sheriff  of 

London.) 
Edmund  Hayles,  b.  1605. 
Christopher  Howell,  b.  1617. 
Stephen  Jenour,  b.  Dec.  25,  1640. 
Abraham  Jordan.     (At  school,  1654.) 

(Query.  Fell,  of  Trin.  Coll.,  Cambridge?) 
Thomas  Meux,  b.  1663. 

(Of  Stoughton-Manor,  heir  to  his  brother-in-law, 

Sir  Wm,  Massingbeard,  Bart.) 
Christopher  Minshull,  b.  1686. 

(Probably  nephew  of  Christ.  M.,  Divinity  Beadle  at 
Oxford,  who  died  1681.) 

Anthony  K.,      f  b.  1596. 
Ezekiel    j  ^^^'^'^    j^_  ^-g.^ 

John  Nelthorpe,  b.  1662. 

Christopher^  (h.  March  6,  1686. 

Edmund       '  p^  ,    J  b.  1689. 

Graves  (  ^^*^'^  1  s.  a.  at  school,  1692. 

Richardson  J  Cb.  1682. 

(The  last-named  Avas  Fellow  of  S.  John's,  and  a 
barrister ;  afterwards  a  major  in  the  army,  and  a 
writer  of  some  distinction.    He  died  1728.) 

Thoroton  Pocklington,  b.  1735. 

Fairfax  Rashfield,  b.  1705. 

Philip  Rashleigh,  b.  Nov.  25,  1695. 

(Afterwards  M.P.  for  Liskeard.    Died  1736.) 

Henry]  r.„  ,  „   fb.  1716. 

John^}^<^«'l^°  {b.l713. 

Nicholas  f  «<.^k.,.,.  1  b.  Mar.  27,  1608. 
Richard  1  Sa">borne  |  ^^  ^^gg^ 

Christopher  Sandes,  b.  Mar.  3,  1038. 
William  Shuckburgh,  b.  1734. 
Samuel  Shuckford,  b.  1730. 


107.  Nathaniel  Stackhouse,  b.  1734. 

168.  Thomas  Swadlin,  b.  1640. 

(Query,  D.D.  of  S.  John's,  Oxford,  imprisoned  in 
Gresham  College?     Died  1669.) 

169.  George  Tuke,  b.  Aug.  1610. 

(Was  this  Sir  Geo.  T.  of  Cressing  Temple  ?) 

170.  Edward  Turpin,  b.  Aug.  25,  1601. 

171.  Robert  Walgrave,  b.  1596.     (Son  of  the  printer?)     ' 

172.  Lancelot  Whitehall,  b.  1665. 

173.  Samuel  Winstanley,  b.  1695. 

Charles  J.  Robinson,  M.A, 

Sevenoaks.  Kent. 


NOTE    ON    FORMER   PRINCES    OF    WALES,    CHIEFLY 
IN    CONNEXION   WITH   OXFORD. 

The  Prince  of  Wales's  residence  at  Oxford  will 
naturally  recal  attention  to  previous  instances  in 
English  history  when  the  heir  apparent  of  the 
throne  was  at  that  University.  Those  who  wish 
to  refresh  their  memory  on  the  subject  with  re- 
jrard  to  Edward  (commonly  called  the  Black 
Prince)  will  find  a  pleasing  and  graphic  state- 
ment on  his  Oxford  life,  as  a  member  of  Queen's 
College,  at  p.  102.  (2nd  ed.)  of  the  Rev.  A.  P. 
Stanley's  Historical  Memoirs  of  Canterhury.  The 
passage  is  too  long  for  extraction,  but  that  is  less 
to  be  regretted,  as  the  book  is  in  so  many  hands. 

From  a  less  known  work  I  extract  an  interesting 
and  curious  notice,  entitled  "  Henry  Vth,,  where 
Educated  " :  — 

"  Henrj-  the  Fifth  is  said  by  Milner,  in  his  History  of 
Winchester,  on  the  authority  of  Stowe,  to  have  received 
his  education  at  New  College,  under  the  tuition  of  his 
uncle.  Cardinal  Beaufort,  who  was  at  that  time  Chan- 
cellor of  the  University.  Tradition,  however,  has  gene- 
rally given  the  honour  to  Queen's,  and  this  tradition  ia 
supported  by  Holinshed  and  Speed. 

"  Hearne  affirms  that  he  was  educated  at  Queen's,  and. 
not  (as  John  Stowe  mistakes)  in  New  College. 

" '  John  Ross,  or  Rowse,'  he  adds,  '  assures  us  that  his 
chamber  was  over  the  great  gate  of  the  Colledge,  just 
opposite  to  Edmund  Hall  Gate.  Both  the  gate  and 
chamber  are  still  (June  28,  1720)  remaining,  and  are' 
much  noted  by  curious  persons  that  come  to  Oxford.* 
{Textus  Eoffensis,  p.  316.) 

"  It  has  been  inferred  that  he  was  a  member  of  Queen'* 
College  from  the  circumstance  which  is  related,  not  only 
by  Holinshed,  but  in  nearly  the  same  words  by  Speed 
and  Stowe,  of  this  prince  appearing  before  his  father,  who 
was  then  very  ill,  •  arparelled  in  a  gown  of  blew  satten, 
full  of  small  oilet  holes,  at  every  hole  the  needle  hanging 
by  a  silke  thred,  with  ivhich  it  was  sewed.  About  his 
arm  he  ware  an  hound's  collar  set  full  of  SS  of  gold,  and 
the  tirets  likewise  being  of  the  same  metal.'  It  has  been 
suggested  that  he  took  the  idea  of  this  dress  from  the 
singular  custom,  which  is  observed  annually  at  Queen's 
College,  of  the  biirsar  presenting  every  member  with  a 
needle  and  thread ;  a  rebus  (composed  of  the  two  French 
words  aiguille,  a  needle,  and  fl,  thread,)  on  the  name  of 
Egglesfield,  their  founder ;  and  that  he  wore  it  to  show 
his  father  that  he  was  not  forgetful  of  his  academical  pur- 
suits, and  to  convince  him  that  he  had  no  desire  of  usurp- 
ing his  throne,  which  suspicious  jealousy,  raised  in  the 


324' 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2''d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59. 


king's  mind  by  some  evil-disposed  persons,  wlio  were  in 
his  confidence,  '  was  occasion  that  h«  in  part,'  as  Holin- 
shed  says,  '  withdrew  his  affection  and  singular  love  from 
the  Prince.'" — Oxoniana,  vol.  ii.  pp.  45 — 8. 

While  on  the  subject  of  foi'iner  Princes  of 
Wales,  I  take  the  opportunity  of  mentioning  that, 
•on  taking  down  the  bells  of  this  parish,  for  being  re- 
cast, in  the  course  of  the  present  year,  it  was  found 
that  the  largest  among  them  had  (in  addition  to 
the  inscription  "  Omnia  parata.  Venite,"  being  the 
translation  of  Mat.  xxii.  4.,  or  Luke  xiv.  17.,  and 
the  date  1623),  the  arms  and  motto  of  the  Prince 
of  Wales.  To  explain  this  it  was  necessary  to 
refer  to  English  history ;  and,  in  so  doing,  it  ap- 
peared that  this  was  the  very  year  in  which  the 
Prince  of  Wales,  afterwards  Charles  L,  occupied 
such  a  prominent  position  in  the  nation's  eye, 
from  the  journey  to  Spain,  and  the  marriage 
question  therewith  connected.  There  was,  at  the 
time,  no  special  reason,  of  which  I  am  aware,  why 
this  royal  emblem  should  have  appeared  on  the 
bells  of  this,  more  than  any  other  rural  parish  of 
the  country  :  I  therefore  conclude  that  it  merely 
arose  from  the  general  interest  felt  for  the  Prince 
of  Wales.  Should  any  correspondent  be  able  to 
throw  additional  light  on  the  subject,  information 
will  be  welcome.  Francis  Trench. 

Islip  Rectory. 


tinued,  grew  impatient  of  staying  longer,  and  resolved 
to  pass  the  brook  whatever  the  danger  was ;  but  to  do  it 
with  the  less  peril,  and  the  more  steadiness,  he  took  a 
great  heavy  stone  upon  his  shoulders,  whose  weight  giv- 
ing hiin  some  firmness  against  the  violence  of  the  water, 
he  passed  the  same  without  harm,  and  came  safe  to  the 
other  side,  to  the  wonderment  of  many  people  who  liad 
been  looking  on,  and  given  him  up  for  a  lost  person." 

Abhba. 


SIR    WILLIAM    USSHEB. 

I  have  more  than  once  seen  it  in  print,  that  in 
the  year  1649  "  Sir  William  Ussher,  though  at- 
tended by  many  of  his  friends,  was  drowned  in 
ci'ossing  the  Dodder,"  which  runs  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Dublin ;  but  a  reference  to  Boate's 
Ireland's  Natural  History  (London,  1652),  p.  60, 
proves  that  this  is  a  mistake,  which  it  may  be  well 
to  correct : — 

"  This  [the  Dodder] groweth  thereby  so  deep, 

and  exceeding  violent,  that  many  persons  have  lost 
their  lives  therein ;  amongst  others  Mr.  John  Ussher, 
father  to  Sir  fVilliam  Ussher  that  noiv  is,  who  was  carried 
by  the  current,  nobody  being  able  to  succour  him,  al- 
though many  persons,  and  of  his  nearest  friends,  both 
a-foot  and  horseback,  were  by  on  both  the  sides." 

The  danger  experienced  in  crossing  other  streams 
as  well  as  the  Dodder  (which  generally  indeed 
"  is  of  very  little  depth,"  but  is  subject  to  fre- 
quent inundations),  suggests  a  farther  quotation 
from  Dr.  Boate's  History  :  — 

"  It  shall  not  be  improper  to  insert  here  a  particular 
observed  by  a  very  credible- and  reverend  person,  Theo- 
philus  Buckworth,  Bishop  of  Dromore,  the  which  he  hath 
several  times  related  to  my  brother  and  others,  being 
this :  The  Lagon,  a  little  river  or  brook  which  passeth 
by  the  town  of  Dromore,  upon  a  certain  time  being 
greatly  risen  through  a  great  and  lasting  rain,  and  hav- 
ing carried  away  the  wooden  bridge,  whereby  the  same 
used  to  be  passed  at  that  town  ;  a  country  fellow  who  was 
travelling  that  way,  having  stayed  three  days  in  hope 
that  the  water  would  fall,  and  seeing  that  the  rain  con- 


SIR    AMTAS   PAULETT    AND    SIR   DRUE    DRURY. 

It  is  the  duty  of  the  historian  and  biographer 
to  deal  justly  by  the  persons  whose  sayings  and 
doings  they  undertake  to  narrate;  and  also  to 
quote  correctly  the  authorities  they  refer  to  ;  and 
I  cannot  but  think  that  Miss  Strickland,  in  her 
Life  of  Mary  Stuart,  Chapter  Ixii.  ("  Queens  of 
Scotland ")  hath  violated  both  these  duties,  in 
respect  to  the  two  individuals  to  whom  was  con- 
fided the  unpleasant  duty  of  being  her  keepers  in 
Fotheringay  castle. 

It  is  well  known  that  Walsingham  "  wrote,  in 
conjunction  with  his  secretary  Davison,"  a  letter 
to  Paulett  and  Drury,  moving  them,  in  the  name 
of  Queen  Elizabeth,  "  to  shorten  the  life  of  that 
Queen,"  Mary  Stuart,  their  prisoner ;  and  "  sug- 
gesting the  private  execution  of  their  royal 
charge." 

Miss  Strickland,  after  giving  an  account  of  this 
"  memorable"  and  wicked  letter,  says  that :  — 

"  Sir  Amyas  Paulett,  in  reply  to  Walsingham,  ex- 
presses '  his  grief  that  he  should  be  so  unhappy  as  to  live 
to  see  the  day  in  which  he  is  required,  b}'  direction  from 
his  most  gracious  sovereign,  to  do  an  act  which  God  and 
the  law  forbiddeth  ; '  and  indignantly  adds,  '  God  forbid 
I  should  make  so  foul  a  shipwreck  of  ray  conscience,  or 
leave  so  great  a  blot  to  my  poor  posterity  as  to  shed 
blood  Avithout  law  or  warrant,'  " 

Yet  Miss  Strickland  also  says  :  — 

"  The  stern  integrity  of  Sir  Amyas  Paulett  and  Sir 
Drue  Drury  in  refusing  to  comply  with  this  request  in 
the  name  of  their  sovereign,  has  been  highly  extolled ; 
hut  no  advantage  had  been  offered  to  induce  them  to  incur 
the  risk  of  being  rendered,  like  Gournaije  and  Maltravers, 
not  only  unpaid  executioners,  hut  scapegoats  for  public  in- 
dignation. History  had  not  told  her  tale  to  the  keepers  of 
Mary  Stuart  in  vain." 

I  would  now  ask  whether  it  is  fair,  or  just,  or 
right,  in  Miss  Strickland  broadly  to  insinuate 
that  Paulett  and  Drury  were  not  influenced  by 
the  feelings  they  avowed  ;  but  were  only  hindered 
by  the  absence  of  a  bribe  and  the  offer  of  an 
"  advantage "  from  doing  the  foul  murder ; 
which  insinuation  she  makes  with  Paulett's 
proud,  noble,  and  indignant  reply  lying  before 
her  ?  I  think  it  will  be  replied  by  every  one, 
"  it  is  not." 

Next,  she  says  that :  — 

"  Sir  Drue  Drury  did  not  commit  himself  to  writing 
on  the  subject ;  but  merely  signed  his  name  to  a  post- 
script, hy  Sir  Amj'as  Paulett,  declaring  '  that  he  sub- 
scribed in  heart  to  his  opinion.' " 


2nd  s.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIJIS. 


325 


For  all  this  she  refers  in  a  note  to  the  letter  of 
Walsingham,  which  was  found  among  Paulett's 
own  papers,  and  has  since  been  printed  by 
Thomas  Hearne,  the  antiquary,  in  his  Appendix 
to  Eobert  of  Gloucester^  and  by  others.  Now, 
according  to  the  letters,  as  given  in  my  copy  of 
Hearne's  Appendix,  it  appears,  first,  that  though 
Paulett  replied  to  Walsingham  in  the  first  person 
only,  yet  the  letter  concludes  thus, — 

"  Your  most  assured  poore  friends, 

"  A.  POULKT — D.  Dkury." 

Secondly.  The  postscript  was  the  postscript  of 
Paulett,  and  not  of  Drury  (as  Miss  Strickland 
says  it  was),  and  reads  thus  :  — 

"  Your  letters  "  (for  there  were  two  others  from  Davison 
requesting  the  letter  '  to  be  consumed  in  the  fire '), 
coming  in  the  plural  Number,  seem  to  be  meant  as  to 
Sir  Drew  Drewrye  as  to  myself,  &  yet  because  he  is  not 
nam'd  in  them,  neither  the  Letter  directed  unto  him,  he 
forbeareth  to  make  anj'  particular  Answere,  but  sub- 
scribeth  in  heart  to  my  opinion." 

Such  is  the  way  in  which  Miss  Strickland 
writes  history,  with  the  authorities  before  her  ; 
and  this  will  help  to  determine  the  degree  of 
confidence  with  which  she  must  be  read  by  the 
students  of  English  history.  P.  H.  F. 


KIBK   SESSION   RECORDS. 

Will  you  accept  of  a  few  items  from  the  Kirk 
Session  Records  of  the  parish  of  Hiitton,  Berwick- 
shire ?  They  are  curious,  and  will  serve  to  illus- 
trate the  morals  and  manners  of  bygone  times:  — 

"  170 1,  May  25.  Collected  for  the  harbour  of  Eyemouth, 
111.  6s.  Od.,  and  delivered  to  Mr.  Ramsaij,  minister  there. 

"1701,  Sept.  21.  The  Moderator  (i.  e.  Mr.  Gilbert 
Lourie,  minister  of  the  parish,  who  was  Moderator  of  the 
Session)  having  received  a  letter  from  3fr.  Crighton, 
minister  of  the  Tron  Church  at  Edinburgh,  craving  that 
the  Session  would  order  their  officer  to  summon  Robert 
Johnston  of  Hilton  in  this  parish  (^Hutton,  residing  at 
Hutton  Hall),  to  appear  before  the  Tron  Church  to  satisfy 
church  discipline  there,  for  the  filthy  fact  of  fornication, 
some  time  ago  committed  by  him  within  the  bounds  of 
this  parish,  and  that  upon  the  28th  day  of  October  next. 
The  Session  ordered  accordingly. 

"1701,  April  7.  John  Hvgard,  one  of  the  elders,  sum- 
moned before  the  Session  for  the  scandalous  fact  of 
quarrelling  and  fighting  with  one  John  Nesbet.  The 
Moderator  gravely  rebuked  him,  and  farther  asked  him 
if  he  did  not  present  a  gun  to  the  said  John,  and  whether 
he  did  ysult  (assault)  him  next  day  with  a  drawn 
sword  ?  He  confessed  both,  but  for  excuse  alledged  he 
was  in  drink.  The  Moderator  told  him  the  pretended 
excuse  was  rather  an  aggravation  of  his  crime,  and  again 
rebuked  him  for  the  same,  and  his  other  miscarriages. 
(He  was  afterwards  publicly  rebuked  before  the  congre- 
gation for  those  misdemeanors.) 

"1702,  March  2.  This  day  was  read  from  the  pulpit 
the  sentence  of  excommunication  against  Robert  Craw  of 
East  Reston.  (This  individual  afterwards  engaged  in  the 
Rebellion  of  1715.) 

"  1702,  May  24.  Margaret  Home,  being  delated  to  the 
Session,  for  cursing  and  swearing,  and  abusing  Beaty  Da- 
vidson; ordered  that  she  be  summoned  to  the  Session 


next  dyet.  (Cursing  and  swearing  among  the  ladies 
seem  to  have  been  very  prevalent  in  those  days,  as  wc 
find  Katherine  Pearson  and  Janet  Trotter  summoned  be- 
fore the  Session  soon  after  for  the  same,  and  numerous 
other  instances  may  also  be  cited). 

"  1702,  Septr.  13.  The  Session  appointed  two  of  their 
number,  viz.  Adam  Douglas  and  George  Foord  to  observe 
the  fishers  of  Paxton,  if  any  of  them  encroached  on  the 
Sabbath  by  fishing  (in  the  Tweed). 

"  1702,  Oct.  25.  This  day,  the  Session  enacted  that 
none  should  be  allowed  the  benefit  of  proclamation  for 
marriage,  but  such  as  should  appear  before  the  Session  in 
person,  or  by  proxie,  and  mortifie  fourteen  shillings  Scots 
to  the  poor,  and  find  sufficient  sureties  for  accomplishing 
their  marriage  without  violation  of  the  rules  of  church 
or  state. 

"  1702,  Nov.  22.  This  day,  Christian  orne  and  Mar- 
garet Craw,  of  the  parish  of  Coldingham,  now  denounced 
fugitive  from  discipline. 

"  1703,  April  II.  This  day  the  minister  exhorted 
both  old  and  j'oung  within  the  parish,  to  keep  within 
doors  after  public  worship,  and  to  spend  the  remainder  of 
the  Lord's  day  in  relegious  exercises.  George  Allan  and 
John  Ross,  elders  in  Paxton,  reported  that  going  through 
their  quarters  (districts)  on  the  Sabbath,  thej'  found  se- 
veral persons  lying  in  their  beds  in  time  of  divine  service ; 
the  Session  enjoined  the  said  elders  to  admonish  the  said 
persons,  under  pain  of  public  censure. 

" ,  July  25.  The  members  appointed  to  observe  the 

fishers  on  Tweed,  report  that  this  morning,  about  sun- 
rising,  they  saw  several  coming  home  from  the  water, 
and  George  Hogard  drawing  his  net ;  appoint  him  to  be 
summoned  to  next  Sessicm. 

" 25.  Payed  to  James  Scoidar  for  a  coffin  to  the 

deceased  Elspeth  Lmnsden,  21.  lis.  Qd.  Scots. 

" 22.  Jea7i  Faden,  complaining  on  Elspeth  Ptirves 

for  calling  her  witch.  To  be  summoned  to  next  dj'et. 
Helen  Winram,  delated  for  swearing.  Septr.  29,  Elspeth 
Purvey  compearing,  denies  she  called  Jean  Faden  witch, 
but  confesses  that  she  called  her  daughter  witches  brood ; 
which  the  Session  holding  as  a  confession  of  the  guilt  she 
is  charged  for,  appoint  her  to  receive  a  publick  rebuke 
before  the  congregation  next  Lord's  day.  ^ 

"  1704,  Jan.  9.  The  Moderator  advertised .  the  several 
members  to  observe  in  their  quarters  what  parents  were 
not  able  to  pay  for  their  children's  learning,  and  to  exhort 
them  to  put  them  to  school  at  the  charge  of  the  Session. 

"  1704,  May  28.  The  Session  being  informed  of  the 
scandalous  behaviour  of  Robert  Bowmaker,  John  Miller, 
John  Nesbit,  Alexander  Friskin,  Walter  Elliot,  and  John 
Huton,  in  drinking  all  night,  appoints  them  to  be  sum- 
moned to  next  Session. 

"  1709,  Dec.  25.  There  being  a  flagrant  report  on  Wil- 
liam Jaffrey,  and  Henry  Cochburn,  that  they  should  have 
consulted  with  one  Thomas  Hogard  of  ill  fame  in  Berwick, 
about  a  web  of  cloth,  and  raising  the  ^cind,  appoints  them 
to  be  summoned  to  next  Session. 

"  1714,  June  27.  The  Session  being  informed  that  Ca- 
therine Robisson,  Janet  Bowmaker,  Agnes  Stork,  Helen 
Ramsay,  Isabel  A^esbit,  Mary  Archer,  Agnes  Hyslop,  and 
3Iargaret  Cocburn,  were  guilty  of  Sabbath-breaking  in 
laying  out  their  webs  on  Sabbath  night:  ordered  the 
said  persons  to  be  summoned  to  the  next  Session. 

"  1725,  July  25.  Given  to  a  poor  man  in  Coldingham 
parish,  whose  house  was  totally  burnt,  1/.  10s.  Scots. 
Nov.  2.  For  a  coat  to  a  poor  boj'  in  Paxton,  21. 4s.  Od.  Scots. 
Dec.  5.  For  shoes  to  a  poor  lad,  0/.  16s.  Od.  Scots.  Dec.  26. 
For  a  New  Testament  to  a  poor  scholar  in  Paxton  called 
Margaret  Winter,  01.  10s.  Qd.  Scots. 

"  1702,  Nov.  8.  This  daj'  the  Session  enacted  that 
within  the  parish,  the  price  for  the  mart  cloth  (pall) 
should  be  one  pound  Scots,  and  four  shillings  (Scots)  to 


32S 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°-i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59-. 


the  bearer ;  and  without  the  parish,  one  pound  ten  shil- 
lings Scots,  and  to  the  bearer  six  shillings  Scots,  yet  to 
be  modified  according  to  persons'  ability. 

"  1726,  July  10.  This  day  Mary  Darlin  made  her  ap- 
pearance before  the  congregation  in  the  place  of  public 
repentance /or  Ihe  first  time,  and  Avas  gravely  rebuked  for 
her  sin  of  uncleanness  with  Adam  Wilson,  and  at  her  de- 
sire was  allowed  to  sit  on  the  stool,  in  the  afternoon,  and 
enjoined  at  her  next  appearance  (they  were  condemned  for 
two  Sabbaths  to  be  the  gazing-stock  of  the  congregation) 
to  pay  her  penaltie,  else  not  to  be  absolved  ;  and  in  regard 
the  woman's  appearance,  the  man's  not  appearing,  was  dis- 
pensed with.  ( ! !) 

"  1726,  July  17.  Mary  Darlin,  not  procuring  the  pe- 
nalty, was  refused  to  be  absolved.  (Very  hard  measure 
seems  to  have  been  meted  out  to  poor  Mary.  Her  para- 
mour, Adam,  also  stood  or  sat  on  the  stool  of  repentance, 
some  time  thereafter,  and  paid  for  his  fine,  what  Bums 
profanely  calls  the  "  buttock  hire,"  21.  Os.  Od.  —  Scots,  we 
suppose.) 

"  1726,  Sept.  25.  There  being  ground  of  suspicion  that 
Janet  Cockbnrn,  servitor  to  the  laird  of  Bell,  is  with  child 
to  John  Hunter,  the  Session  order  their  officer  to  summon 
her  to  the  next  meeting  of  Session. 

1727,  Oct  13.  Rohert  Lamb,  }-ounger,  of  Old  Grinlaw, 
in  the  parish  of  Ecles,  and  Catherine  Laurie,  daughter 
of  Mr.  Gilbert  Laurie,  late  minister  of  the  Gospel  at 
Hutton,  gave  up  their  names  to  be  proclaimed  in  order  to 
marriage. 

"  1728,  Dec.  22,  Paid  for  three  j'ards  of  linen  to  be  a 
winding  sheet  to  Isabel  Thomson,  01/.  10s.  Qd.  Scots. 

"  1729,  Jan.  16.  Taken  out  of  the  (poor's)  box  for 
Isabel  Thomson's  coffin  and  grave,  03/.  01s.  Od.  Scots. 

"  1730,  Oct.  28.  To  John  Thomsoji,  bellman,  for  making 
a  grave  to  Allison  Moffat,  Sd.  English  money.  To  Do. 
for  a  timber  handel  to  the  bell,  3d.  (A  hand-bell  was 
used  at  funerals.) 

"  March  16.  To  Anna  Bowmalter,  in  Hutton,  to  buy 
shoes  to  her  two  grandchildren,  2  shillings  English. 

« 28.  To  a  tow  (rope)  for  the  kirk- bell,  lOd. 

"June  13.  To  Mrs.  Gray,  in  Faxton,  for  teaching  two 
poor  schollars  one  quarter,  4sA.  4.d.  English. 

" .25.  To  Margaret  Wilson,  in  Fishwick,  for  teach- 
ing a  poor  schollar  one  quarter,  8d. 

"  1731,  Jan.  28.  To  a  coffin  to  Margaret  Knox,  in  Fa.v- 
ion,  4sh.  Gd.  English.  (The  charge  for  a  pauper's  coffin 
here  is  now  one  pound.) 

"  April  30.  To  Benjamin  Ford,  wright  in  Hutton,  for 
making  two  new  boxes,  to  gather  the  ofi'ering  for  the 
poor,  one  large  new  hand-spoke,  and  a  timber  handle  to 
the  bell,  2s/i," 

Mebtakthes. 

Chimside. 


Careless  Writing  and  Odd  Residt. — 
"  A  merchant  of  London  that  writt  to  a  factor  of  his 
beyond  sea,  desired  hem  by  the  next  ship  to  send  him 
'2  or  3 '  apes.  He  forgot  the  r,  and  then  it  was  2  o  3 
apes.  His  factor  has  sent  him  fower  scoare,  and  saves  he 
shall  have  the  rest  by  the  next  shipp,  conceaving  the 
marchant  had  sent  for  two  hundred  and  three  apes.  If 
yourself  or  friends  will  buy  any  to  breed  on,  you  could 
never  have  had  such  choice  as  now.  In  earnest  this  is 
very  trew." —  Verney  Papers,  p.  167. 

Francis  Tbench. 
Islip. 

Sponge  or  Spanish   Cahes.  —  Much   Las   been 
written  lately  about  the  superiority  of  Spanish 


bread  ;  it  reminds  me  that  the  celebrated  "  sponge 
cakes"  of  English  confectioners  most  likely  are  of 
Spanish  origin :  for,  in  the  Levant,  in  Italy,  and 
in  France,  cakes  of  this  kind  are  always  called 
"  cakes  of  Spain  ;"  so  perhaps  "  sponge"  is  only  a 
corruption  of  "  Spanish"  in  this  instance. 

M.  E.  R. 

Charm  for  cutting  Teeth.  —  "I  have  made  your 
daughter  a  present  of  a  wolf's  tooth.  I  sent  to 
Ireland  for  it,  and  I  set  it  hear  in  gold.  They 
ar  very  Luckey  things ;  for  my  twoe  ferst  one  did 
dye,  the  other  bred  his  very  ill,  and  none  of  j" 
Rest  did,  for  I  had  one  for  al  the  rest."  —  Letter 
from  Lady  Wentivorth  to  her  Son  Lord  Strafford, 
March  26lh,  1713.  Zz. 

Lynching  by  Women  in  Olden  Time.  —  The 
following  is  a  remarkable  instance  of  condign 
punishment  inflicted  by  a  band  of  enraged  women 
upon  a  murderer  of  one  of  their  sex,  extracted 
from  The  London  Chronicle  by  Sir  Harris  Nicolas, 
p.  117.:  — 

"  1429.  This  same  j'cre,  betwen  Estren  and  Witsontyd, 
a  fals  Breton  mordred  a  wydewe  in  her  bed,  the  which 
found  hym  for  almasse  withoughte  Algate  in  the  subarbes 
of  London,  and  bar  awaj*  alle  that  sche  hadde,  and  after- 
ward he  toke  socour  of  Holy  Chirehe  at  seynt  Georges  in 
Suthwerk ;  but  at  laste  he  tok  the  crosse  and  forswore 
the  kynges  land ;  and  as  he  wente  h3-s  way  it  happyd 
hj'ni  to  come  be  the  same  place  wliere  he  had  done  that 
cursed  dede,  and  women  of  the  same  paryssh  comen  out 
with  stones  and  canell  dong,  and  there  maden  and  ende 
of  him  in  the  hyghe  strete,  so  that  he  went  no  fertliers 
notwithstondj'uge  the  constables  and  othere  men  also 
which  had  \\ym.  undir  governauance  to  conduct  hym 
forward,  for  there  wase  a  gret  companyne  of  them,  and 
hadde  no  mercy  no  pyte." 

What  is  the  meaning  of  "  almasse  ?"    [Alms.] 

W.  J.  Pinks. 

Bobyll  and  the  CardinaTs  Hut.  —  In  the  four- 
teenth year  of  Hen.  VIII.  there  lived  a  wine-seller 
or  publican  of  the  name  of  "  Bobyll  beside  New- 
gatte  in  london,"  who  used  to  cater  wine  for  my 
Lord  Cardinal  Wolsey,  and  the  better  to  ingratiate 
himself  with  his  eminence  he  adopted  for  the  sign 
of  his  house,  "  The  Cardynal's  Hatte."  From  a 
document  I  have  before  me,  he  appears  to  have 
succeeded  in  drawing  this  potent  prelate's  atten- 
tion. The  item  occurs  in  a  very  curious  bill  of 
household  expences,  signed  by  Cardinal  Wolsey ; 
Thomas  Howard,  Earl  of  Surrey ;  the  Hero  of 
Flodden  Field  ;  Culhbert  Tonstal,  Bishop  of  Lon- 
don ;  and  Thomas  Docwra,  the  last  Prior  of  the 
Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  :  — 

"  Itm.  paj'd  to  Bobj'Il  of  the  Cardynals  hatted 

besj'de   newgatte   in   London  for  xxviii  L-^^.^,.,  u- 
gallones  of  tennysse  Wyne  att  xv<i  the 


gallon    ------        -J 

Query,  Where  was  this  house   situated  ?    ani 
who  was  Bobyll  ?  George  Robinson. 


2°^  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


327 


eauerfei. 

POEM    ON    THE    FRENCH    WAK. 

lu  an  address  dellvei-ed  lately  on  the  erection 
of  a  monument  to  my  grand  fa  tliei-,  who  was  a 
pi'ovinclal  soldier  in  the  "French  War,"  as  we 
call  it,  1755  to  1763,  I  quoted  some  lines  which  I 
read  fifty  years  ago  in  what  was  then  an  old  and 
tattered  English  Magazine,  which  my  boyhood 
found  in  the  farmhouse  where  I  was  brought  up, 
among  the  mountains  of  Western  Massachusetts. 
The  old  magazine  soon  perished,  and  I  have  never 
been  able  to  find  the  poem.  It  was,  as  well  as  I 
remember,  a  complaint  or  lamentation,  put  into 
the  mouth  of  the  French  king,  on  the  unfavoura- 
ble aspect  of  his  affairs  in  the  closing  years  of  that 
war,  in  contrast  with  his  successes  in  the  early 
part  of  the  struggle.  The  stanza  from  which  I 
quoted  was  this  :  — 

"  When  Dieskau,  in  his  rasli  action, 

Was  by  Johnson  overthrown, 
Soon  I  seized,  for  satisfaction, 

Fort  Oswego  and  Mahon." 

The  poem  then  recited  the  succession  of  disas- 
ters and  disappointments  he  had  suffered  in  suc- 
ceeding years  of  the  war.  The  date  of  it  must 
have  been  about  the  year  1763,  when  the  Treaty 
of  Paris  terminated  the  war,  leaving  Canada  in 
the  hands  of  Great  Britain. 

Perhaps  some  of  your  contributors  can  find  the 
poem  in  some  of  the  magazines  of  that  day,  which 
are  not  in  our  libraries.  If  it  is  worthy  of  so 
much  attention,  I  should  like  to  see  it  reprinted 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  Joshua  Leavitt. 

New  York,  Sept.  20,  1859. 


Francis  Burger sdicius.  —  Where  can  I  find  any 
account  of  the  life  and  list  of  the  writings  of  Bur- 
gersdyk,  as  the  learned  call  him  ?  for  learning  in 
our  day  unlatinises  names.  What  entitles  him 
to  be  classed  with  Vattel  in  Moore's  whimsical 
couplet  ?  Is  it  the  Idea  Politica,  orwhich  I  have 
seen  the  title  ?  The  Preface  of  his  Logic  is  dated 
1626;  but  there  is  a  Cambridge  edition  of  1680, 
and  Watt  mentions  a  controversial  pamphlet  con- 
cerning the  Cambridge  statutes,  published  by  a 
certain  Francis  Burgersdicius  (sic)  in  1727,  in 
English.  Did  a  son,  or  grandson,  or  both,  of  the 
autbor  of  the  Logic  settle  at  Cambridge  ? 

A.  De  Morgan. 

Bulse. — Boswell,  in  his  Li/e  of  Johnson,  vol.  vii. 
p.  218.  edit.  1835,  when  regretting  occasional  re- 
missness in  recording  his  memorabilia,  says  :  — 

"  Let  me  exhibit  what  I  have  upon  each  occasion,  whe- 
ther more  or  less,  whether  a  bulse,  or  only  a  few  sparks 
of  a  diamond." 

Query,  derivation  and  authority  ?       I.  I.  A.  B, 


Jamas  Anderson,  author  of  the  Diplomata  Scotia;, 
who  was  he  the  son  of,  and  what  were  the  names 
of  his  sons  and  daughters?  Who  did  they  marry? 
Any  particulars  about  his  descendants  will  be  ac- 
ceptable. 2.  0. 

Grinding  Old  People  Young, — Please  tell  me 
something  about  the  "ancient  mill,"  the  process 
of  "grinding,"  and  the  "old  ladies";  together 
with  anything  else  you  may  know  about  what  is 
referred  to  in  the  following  advertisement  from  a 
paper  of  this  date :  — 

"  Now  open —  Sundays  inclusive. 

"  Clay  Hall  Tavern  and  Gardens.  Also  the  An- 
cient Mill  which  was  erected  for  grinding  Old  People 
Youiig  nearlj'  200  years  back,  and  which  has  been  en- 
tirely renovated  and  redecorated  regardless  of  expense. 
Old  Ladies  are  requested  to  come  and  be  Ground  Young, 
for  which  there  is  no  charge  made. 

"  A  variety  of  Amusements,  &c 

"  Please  Copy  the  Address.  Clay  Hall  Tavern  and 
Pleasure  Grounds,  back  of  the  East  London  Water  Works, 
Old  Ford,  five  minutes  walk  from  the  Bow  Station,"  &c. 

Tallboys. 

Drummond  of  Colqiihalzie.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  oblige  me  with  information  whether  Drum- 
mond of  Colquhalzie,  in  Perthshire,  whose  estate 
was  forfeited  in  1745  or  1746,  was  related  to  the 
then  Earl  of  Perth  ?    And  if  so,  in  what  degree  ? 

I.  M.  A. 

Kennaquhar. 

The  Combat  between  the  Dukes  of  Noifolk  and 
Hereford.  —  Respecting  the  causes  that  led  to  the 
celebrated  combat,  which  took  place  at  Coventry, 
in  1398,  between  these  two  peers,  there  is  much 
difference  of  description.  The  Parliamentary  Rolls 
say  Hereford  accused  Norfolk  before  Richard  II. 
of  using  certain  words  in  derogation  of  the  king. 
This  statement  is  confirmed  by  the  writer  of  the 
English  Chronicle  from  1377  to  1461  (Camden 
Society).  Froissart  on  the  other  hand  affirms 
that  Mowbray  was  the  accuser ;  and  in  the  Harl. 
MSS.  in  the  British  Museum  (No.  6079,  ff.  29— 
31.)  the  same  statement  is  made.  Froissart,  who 
describes  the  whole  matter  up  to  the  banishment 
of  the  two  dukes,  states  that  no  combat  took 
place,  whilst  all  the  of  her  authorities  cited  give 
full  particulars  respecting  it.  Can  these  differ- 
ences be  accounted  for  ?  Which  was  the  accuser 
of  the  other  before  Richard  II.  ?     Thos.  North. 

Leicester. 

Quotation.  —  Can  you  tell  me  where  I  shall  find 
the  following  lines  ?  — 

"  He  either  fears  his  fate  too  much, 
Or  his  deserts  are  small. 
Who  fears  to  put  it  to  the  touch, 
To  win  or  lose  it  all." 

F.  L. 

Joseph  of  Exeter's  Poem,  entitled  "  Antiocheis." 

—  Joseph  of  Exeter  (Josephus  Iscanus),  whom 


328 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n4  S.  YIII.  Oct.  22.  '59. 


Leland  cbaracterises  as  "tarn  splendldum  Britan- 
niae  sidus,"  wrote  a  poem  in  the  twelfth  century 
entitled  Antiocheis.     Warton  says  : 

"  Mr.  Wise,  the  late  Radcliffe  librarian,  told  me  that  a 
MS.  of  the  Antiocheis  Avas  in  the  library  of  the  Duke  of 
Chandos  at  Canons." 

When  was  this  library  dispersed?  And  is  the 
whereabouts  of  this  MS.  known  ? 

Edward  F.  Rimbaclt. 

James  CoUinson,  N.P.  —  T  saw  lately  the  book- 
plate of  James  Collinson,  of  Lancaster,  N.P.,  who 
must  have  lived  sometime  in  the  last  century. 
The  arms  are,  as  well  as  I  can  describe  them 
■without  the  tinctures,  on  a  bar  arched,  two  mullets ; 
in  chief  a  squirrel ;  in  base  three  hatchets  ;  with 
a  lamb  for  a  crest.  I  am  anxious  to  know  who 
James  Collinson  was  ?  Can  N.P.  denote  Notary 
Public  ?  Is  there  any  pedigree  of  the  family  o  f 
Collinson?  E.H.A. 

Marriage  Law.  —  Before  the  act  of  Geo.  II.' 
the  law  relative  to  marriages  in  England  was  the 
old  law  of  Christendom,  the  simple  contract  law, 
which  we  now  know  as  the  Scotch  law.  An  en<!y- 
clopsedia  of  1744,  speaking  of  England,  says  "But 
marriages  without  this  sanction  ['  the  blessing  of 
the  priest']  are  not  therefore  null  and  void,  but 
only  esteemed  irregular."  And  the  pamphlets 
which  preceded  and  partly  incited  the  act  of  Geo. 
II.  describe  a  state  of  things  perfectly  resembling 
that  in  Scotland  as  to  the  state  of  the  law  and  the 
power  of  individuals  over  the  contract.  Was  the 
marriage  by  simple  contract  in  presence  of  v/it- 
nesses  as  common  as  it  is  supposed  to  be  in  Scot- 
land ?  What  references  can  be  given  to  cases  in 
which  the  courts  were  obliged  to  acknowledge  the 
simple  contract  without  clergyman  or  religious 
ceremony  ?  Did  the  words  de  fvturo,  followed 
by  cohabitation,  constitute  a  valid  marriage  ?    M. 

Andreiv  :  Gaffman.  —  In  the  northern  district 
of  Lincolnshire,  the  afternoon  refreshment  taken 
by  farm  labourers  about  4  or  5  o'clock,  and  which 
is  called  heaver,  or  hevcr,  in  2"*  S.  viii.  370.,  is 
styled  an  andrew.  This  title  to  an  afternoon's 
luncheon  is,  I  think,  much  more  difficult  to  ac- 
count for  than  heaver. 

In  the  same  district,  the  servant  who  is  charged 
with  the  general  superintendance  of  a  farm,  and 
called  the  "ground-keeper"  in  other  parts  of 
Lincolnshire  and  elsewhere,  is  known  as  the  gaff- 
man.    Query,  the  origin  of  this  name  ? 

PisHEY  Thompson. 

Stoke  Newington. 

Military  Queries.  —  1.  Can  any  of  your  mili- 
tary correspondents  give  me  any  information  re- 
specting a  Capt.  George  Freer,  who  served  in  the 
101st  Regt.  about  the  end  of  last  century  ?  The 
regiment,  I  believe,  was  noted  for  duellists.  Did 
be  take  any  part  in  such  proceedings  ? 


2.  Information  wanted  respecting  John  (?) 
Duncanson,  an  officer  in  the  army,  killed  in  a 
duel  at  Malta  during  last  century?  Who  was 
he,  or  what  regiment  did  he  belong  to?  Who 
was  the  man  who  killed  him  ? 

3.  Will  some  of  the  correspondents,  who  have 
so  kindly  answered  my  "  Watson  of  Bilton  Park" 
Queries,  inform  me  what  arms  this  family  bore? 
And  also  if  there  has  ever  been  any  view  of  either 
Mai  ton  Abbey  or  Bilton  Park  published  ? 

Sigma  Theta, 
Glass  Bells  for  Churches. — The  London  papers 
mention  that  "  a  bell  of  green  glass,  fourteen 
inches  high  and  thirteen  inches  in  diameter,  has 
been  placed  in  the  turret  of  the  chapel  at  the 
Grange,  Borrowdale."  Many  of  your  readers,  as 
well  as  myself,  would  be  glad  to  know  where 
farther  information  can  be  had  as  to  the  manner 
in  which  it  is  hung  and  struck,  and  the  material 
of  which  the  clapper  and  hammer  is  formed.  Are 
there  any  other  glass  bells  in  use  in  England  or 
abroad  ?  Vrtan  Rheged. 

Alhert  Duref. — There  is  an  engraving  by  Albert 
Durer,  signed  but  not  dated,  which  is  called  "The 
Holy  Family  with  a  Butterfly,"  from  having  a 
butterfly  at  the  right  hand  corner,  which  is 
really  no  more  than  a  much  improved  copy  of  a 
print  by  Martin  Schongauer.  AVas  the  Martin 
Schoen  print  copied  from  a  painting  ?        J.  C.  J. 

Monument  of  Sir  Nicholas  Dixon  in  Cheshunt 
Church. — Will  some  correspondent  have  the  kind- 
ness to  refer  me  to  a  printed  work  containing  any 
engraved  copy  of  the  above  before  it  became 
eflaced  by  time  or  neglect  ?  R.  W.  Dixon. 

Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

Kend?'ick  Family.  —  I  should  be  glad  to  know 
what  grounds  there  are  for  supposing  that  this 
family  (Kenrick)  is  descended  from  the  Saxon 
kings,  as  stated  in  an  epitaph  printed  in  Ash- 
mole's  Berkshire,  p.  149.,  fol.  ? 

The  brother  of  the  person  on  whom  the  epi- 
taph was  written  was  John  Kendrick,  so  justly 
celebrated  for  his  munificent  charities  in  Reading, 
Newbury,  and  London.  His  will  is  given  at 
length  in  Strype's  Stowe,  and  members  of  the 
family  mentioned  as  living  at  Chester. 

In  this  branch  of  the  family  was  a  baronetcy, 
which  became  extinct  towards  the  close  of  the 
seventeenth  century  by  the  death,  without  male 
issue,  of  the  first  holder,  Sir  William  Kenrick. 

I  have  found  records  of  the  family  as  living  in 
Denbighshire  (Wynn  Hall),  Flint,  Caernarvon, 
and  Shropshire  (Woore)  ;  and  also  at  Bewdley,  in 
Worcestershire.  The  first  and  two  last  are  un- 
doubtedly from  various  evidences  immediately 
connected. 

They  are  connected  with  the  families  of  Eyton, 
Thelwall,  and  Wilbraham  (Lord  Skelmersdale),  in 


S"*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


329 


North  Wales.  Any  information  which  any  of 
your  readers  can  afford  me  will  be  thankfully  ac- 
cepted. I  am  told  that  the  church  of  St.  John 
the  Baptist  in  Chester  contains  memorials  of 
them.  H.  A.  D. 

Scotch  Clergy  deprived  at  the  Revolution.  —  Can 
any  reader  refer  me  to  a  list  of  the  episcopal 
clergy  deprived  by  the  Scots  Council  in  1689,  and 
subsequently,  for  their  refusal  to  conform  to  the 
Revolution  settlement  ?  One  of  these  was  Mr. 
Thomas  Strachan,  minister  of  St.  Martin's,  Perth- 
shire, A.B.,  whose  ancestors  had  been  ministers  of 
that  parish  from  the  Reformation.  What  became 
of  him  afterwards  ?  J.  A.  P. 

Rings  :  their  Uses  and  Mottoes. — Can  any  reader 
oblige  by  saying  if  any  book  has  been  published 
on  such  subject  ?  Glwysig. 

"  Oidd  Grouse  in  the  Gun-Room"  —  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  throw  any  light  upon  the 
story  of  "  Ould  grouse  in  the  gun-room,"  alluded 
to  in  Act  II.  Sc.  1.  of  She  Stoops  to  Conquer  ?  * 

,  H.  C. 


Vindicta  Bernardi. — Amongst  the  additional 
matter  printed  by  Hearne  in  the  second  volume 
of  Liher  Niger,  at  p.  501.,  I  find  the  following 
piece  of  historical  information  :  — 

"  Mense  Jan*  Katerina  ducissa  Norfolchise  juvencula 
setatis  fere  ^^'  (lxxx.  ?)  annorum  maritata  est  Johanni 

Widevill  fratri  reginje  setatis  xx  annorum,  maritagium  dia- 
bolicum  I    Vindicta  Bernardi  inter  eosdeni  postea  patiiit." 

What  is  meant  by  Vindicta  Bernardi  ? 

E.  H.  A. 

[St.  Bernard,  though  honoured  as  a  divine  by  Protest- 
ants as  well  as  Romanists,  appears  to  have  been  some- 
what addicted  to  the  practice  of  denouncing  and  invoking, 
on  those  who  had  incurred  his  displeasure,  the  judgments 
of  Heaven.  And,  what  made  it  worse,  the  judgments  were 
supposed  to  follow !  He  was  preaching  on  one  occasion 
at  the  church  of  Viridefolium,  a  place  so  called  from  the 
extreme  fruitfulness  of  its  soil  (Verfeuil,  or  Verfeil,  in  the 
dioc.  of  Toulouse),  when,  being  treated  with  contempt  by 
the  inhabitants,  he  walked  forth  from  the  place,  looked 
back  on  it,  "  et  makdixit,  dicens,  Viridefolium,  desiccet  te 
Deus."  The  malediction  took  effect;  "ex  tunc"  the 
place  sank  into  poverty ;  and  an  ej- ewitness  records  hav- 
ing himself  seen  the  chief  man  of  Verfeuil  living  at 
Toulouse,  aged  100,  in  extreme  indigence!  (Act.  Sand , 
Aug.  20,  p.  202.)  Such  was  the  vindicta  Bernardi.  On 
another  occasion,  Bernard  is  stated  to  have  expressly 
menaced  the  King  of  the  French  (Louis-le-Gros)  with 
the  death  of  his  eldest  son,  as  a  "  vindicta  ccelestis."  — 
"Ludovico  Crasso,   Stephanum  episcopum  Parisiensem 

[*  This  Query  appeared  in  our  1"  S.  x.  223.,  but  failed 
to  elicit  a  reply.  Since  that  time  Mr.  Forster,  in  his  in- 
teresting Life  of  Goldsmith,  ii.  361.,  repeats  the  Query  as 
follows :  "  Surely  it  must  have  been  a  real  story,  and 
can  no  F.  S.  A.  exhume  it,  so  as  to  tell  us  what  itAvas?  " 
—  Ed.] 


vexanti,  scribit  ac  niinatur  S.  Bernardus  mortem  filii 
ejus,  quce  etiam  secuta  est."  —  "Cui  impcenitentiae  Ber- 
nardus Abbas  ir-am  ccelestem  vindicem  instare,  denunciasse 
ferlur." — "  Quin  et  Bernardum  addidisse  severas  minas,  et 
ccelestem  vindictam,  ni  resipisceret,  affutnram  in  brevi."  — 
Act.  Sanct.,  Aug.  20,  p.  131.  The  actual  death  of  the 
prince  (Philip),  by  a  fall  from  his  horse,  followed  shortly 
after ! 

Kespecting  the  "  maritagium  diabolicum  "  recorded  in 
our  correspondent's  extract  from  the  Liber  Niger,  we  are 
indebted  for  some  curious  particulars  to  Miss  Strickland, 
in  her  life  of  Elizabeth  Woodville,  consort  of  Edw.  IV. 
One  of  the  queen's  first  objects  was  "  the  advancement 
of  her  own  relatives;  "  and  "neither  infantine  juvenility 
nor  the  extreme  of  dotage  seems  to  have  been  objected 
by  the  Woodvilles,  if  there  were  a  superfluity  of  the 
goods  of  this  world ;  for  the  queen's  eldest  brother,  a  fine 
young  man,  wedded,  for  her  great  jointure,  Katherine, 
the  dowager  duchess  of  Norfolk,  then  in  her  eightieth 
year — 'a  diabolical  marriage,'  wrathfuUy  exclaims  Wil- 
liam of  Worcester."  — Vol.  ii.  pp.  331-2. 

As  the  denunciations  of  S.  Bernard,  addressed  to  the 
King  of  the  French,  were  fulfilled  by  the  disastrous  death 
of  the  heir  apparent,  so  this  "  maritagium  diabolicum," 
also,  was  followed  by  a  family  disaster;  for  the  same 
.brother  of  the  queen,  John,  who  had  contracted  the  al- 
liance, being  taken  prisoner  with  his  father  after  the 
battle  of  Edgecote,  they  were  both  beheaded.  This  coin- 
cidence in  the  two  cases,  a  domestic  calamity  following 
in  each,  appears  to  be  the  reason  why  the  chronicler,  in 
the  latter  instance,  applies  the  term  "  vindicta  Bernardi." 
("  Vindicta  Bernardi  apud  eosdem  postea  patuit.")  On 
one  occasion  we  find  Bernard  himself  severely  reprobating 
a  proposed  marriage,  because  canonicallv  prohibited. 
(^orA'S,  1690,  Ep.  371.) 

We  may  also  understand,  by  the  aid  of  Miss  Strickland's 
researches,  why  the  Woodville  "marriage"  is  styled 
"diabolical."  —  "This  alludes,"  as  she  observes,  "to  an 
old  English,  proverb  on  marriage,  —  'That  the  marriage  of 
a  young  woman  and  a  young  man  is  of  God's  making,  as 
Adam  and  Eve ;  an  old  man  and  a  young  woman  of  Our 
Lady's  making,  as  Mary  and  Joseph;  but  that' of  an  old 
woman  and  a  young  man,  is  made  bi/  the  author  of  evil'  " 
(p.  332.  note).  The  "maritagium"  with  the  rich  old 
dowager,  however,  was  the  more  decidedly  "diabolicum" 
for  another  reason;  because  the  mother  of  Elizabeth 
Woodville  was  shrewdly  suspected  of  using  magical  arts, 
specially  in  promoting  the  aggrandisement  of  her  family.] 

Jetonniers.  —  What  is  the  meaning  of  this  word, 
applied,  I  believe,  to  the  members  of  the  French 
Academy  in  the  reign  of  Louis  XIV.  ? 

James  Delano. 

[  Jeton  was  properly  a  counter,  of  the  kind  used  by  card- 
players.  In  a  more  extended  sense,  jeton  de  presence  was 
the  counter  handed,  at  the  sittings  of  certain  societies,  to 
each  member  present,  as  an  evidence  of  his  having  at- 
tended. Specially,  jeton  de  presence,  or  jeton  d'academie, 
was  the  silver  counter  delivered  to  every  member  present  at 
the  sittings  of  the  Academic  Fran^aise ;  and,  ultimatelj'-, 
the  expression  stood  for  a  certain  sum  allowed  instead  of 
the  counter.  Hence  the  term  jetonniers  was  invidiously 
applied  to  those  members  who  were  supposed  to  attend 
regularly  for  the  mere  purpose  of  receiving  their  jeton, 
without  contributing  personally  to  the  splendour  of  the  as- 
semblage ;  and  Furetifere  is  even  charged  with  applying  the 
term  to  some  who  were  both  excellent  authors  and  illus- 
trious academicians.  It  is  well  known  with  what  ribaldry 
the  French  academicians  were  constantly  assailed  by 
some  of  their  literary  brethren,  Avho  had  not  obtained 
adnuttance  into  the  number  of  the  chosen  Forty.] 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  g.  vni.  Oct.  22.  '59. 


Ayl tear d  Family  Crest.  —  What  is  the  crest  of 
the  Ayl  ward  family  of  Suffolk?  I  think  there 
are  some  Aylwards  in  Essex.  Should  there  be  no 
arms  to  any  Aylwards  of  Suffolk,  those  of  Essex 
would  be  thankfully  received.  R.  A. 

[In  Burke's  Armory  are  the  following  arms  (crests  not 
given)  of  the  Aylward  families :  — 

"  Aylward  (Suffolk).  Ar.  on  a  saltire  az.  between 
four  griffins'  heads  erased  gu.  a  leopard's  face  and  four 
lozenges  or. 

"  Aylwahd.  Ar.  on  a  cross,  az.  a  leopard's  face  be- 
tween four  lozenges  or.> 

The  Duchess  of  Marlborough.  —  The  late  Mr. 
Weir,  in  his  Account  of  Lincolnshire,  vol.  i.  (all 
that  was  published)  p.  271.,  says  that  this  cele- 
brated woman  was  born  at  Burwell  near  Louth, 
in  Lincolnshire,  but  does  not  give  any  authority 
for  the  assertion.  I  am  not  well  read  in  the  bio- 
graphy of  the  Duchess,  and  shall  be  glad  to  be  in- 
formed thi-ough  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."  what 
evidence  there  is  that  Mr.  Weir's  statement  is 
correct.  Pishet  Thompson. 

[Mr.  Weir's  authority  is  no  doubt  Allen's  History  of 
Lincolnshire,  4lo.,  1834,  vol.  ii.  p.  194.,  which  states  that 
"Burwell  House  was  the  birthplace  of  Sarah  Duchess  of 
Marlborough,  whose  ascendency  in  the  affections  of  Queen 
Anne  bad  a  material  influence  on  the  political  events  of 
that  reign."  The  family  manor-house  of  the  Jennings 
was  at  Sandridge  in  Hertfordshire;  and  Miss  Strickland 
states,  without  giving  her  authoritj',  that  "  Sarah  Jen- 
nings was  born  at  a  small  house  at  Holj^well,  near  St. 
Albans,  on  the  very  day  of  Charles  II. 's  restoration,  1660." 
• —  Queens  of  England,  vii.  13.,  edit.  1852.3 

Paul  Gemsege. — Who  was  "Paul  Gemsege," 
the  replyer  (if  I  may  coin  the  word)  to  so  many 
Queries  of  antiquarian  and  historical  purport  in 
the  Gentleman  s  Magazine  of  the  last  century  ? 

J.  H.  Van  Lennep. 

[This  is  the  anagram  of  Dr.  Samuel  Pegge,  an  English 
divine  of  the  last  centurj-,  known  as  one  of  the  most  eru- 
dite and  indefatigable  antiquaries  of  his  time.  He  died 
in  1796.  By  an  ingenious  transposition  of  the  letters  of 
his  name,  he  formed  the  plausible  signature  of  Paul 
Gemseg?.  Consult  any  modern  Biographical  Dictionary, 
except  Knight's,  for  an  account  of  Dr.  Pegge.] 

Bible,  Misprint  in  Seventh  Commandment In 

the  reign  of  Charles  I.  the  Company  of  Stationers 
are  said  to  have  printed  an  edition  of  the  Bible  in 
which  the  word  "not"  was  omitted  from  the 
Seventh  Commandment.  Is  this  a  fact  ?  and  if 
it  be,  is  there  a  copy  of  such  a  Bible  in  existence? 
The  accusation  is  advanced  or  repeated  in  Ma- 
dan's  Thelypthora  (vol.  i.  p.  69.,  2nd  ed.),  and 
quoted  as  authentic  by  the  author  of  the  Pursuits 
of  Literature  (1.  Dialogue).  Tradition  says  that 
a  heavy  fine  was  imposed  for  the  carelessness  of 
the  Company  in  this  matter.  Nix. 

[According  to  Townle)'  (Biblical  Lilerature,  iii.  318.) 
the  whole  impression  was  recalled.  He  says:  "In  1632, 
Barker  and  Lucas,  the  king's  printers,  printed  an  edition 
of  the  Bible  of  1000  copies,  in  which  a  serious  mistake 
was  made  by  leaving  out  the  word  not  in  the  Seventh 


Commandment,  causing  it  to  be  read  '  Thou  shalt  com- 
mit adulter^'.'  His  Majesty  King  Charles  I.  being  made 
acquainted  with  it  by  Dr.  William  Laud,  Bishop  of  Lon- 
don, order  was  given  for  calling  the  printers  into  the 
high-commission,  where,  upon  the  fact  being  proved,  the 
whole  impression  was  called  in,  and  the  printers  heavily 
fined.  With  this  fine,  or  a  part  of  it,  a  fount  of  fair  Greek 
types  and  matrices  were  provided,  for  publishing  such 
MSS.  as  might  be  prepared,  and  should  be  judged  worthy 
of  publication ;  of  this  kind  were  the  Catena  and  Theo- 
phylact,  edited  by  Lyndsell."  Mr.  Offor,  however,  in- 
forms us  that  he  has  seen  two  copies  with  this  unfor- 
tunate misprint,  one  in  the  possession  of  Mr.  Stevens,  the 
American  bookseller,  which  was  exhibited  by  him  to  the 
Society  of  Antiquaries  about  three  or  four  j'ears  since ;  and 
which  it  was  then  said  was  about  to  be  sent  to  America.] 


HENRT    SMITH. 

(2"<»  S.  viii.  254.,  &c.) 

I  have  a  (slightly  imperfect)  copy  of 

"  The  Sermons  of  Maister  Henrie  Smith,  Gathered  into 
One  Volume.  Printed  according  to  his  corrected  Copies 
in  his  Life  time?  At  London :  Printed  by  Peter  Short  for 
Thomas  Man,  dwelling  in  Pater  Noster  row,  at  the  Signe 
of  the  Talbot.     1594." 

It  contains  thirty-seven  Sermons,  viz. :  — 

1.  A  Preparatiue  to  Mariage. 

2,  3.  A  Treatise  of  the  Lord's  Supper,  in  two  Sermons. 
4,  5.  The  Examination  of  Vsur^',  in  two  Sermons. 

6.  The  Benefite  of  Contentation. 

7.  The  Affinilie  of  the  Faithfull. 

8.  The  Christian  Sacrifice. 

9.  The  True  Triall  of  the  Spirits. 

10.  Tlie  Wedding  Garment. 

11.  The  Waie  to  Walke  in. 

12.  The  Pride  of  Nabuchadnezzar. 

13.  The  Fall  of  Nabuchadnezzar. 

14.  The  Restitution  of  Nabuchadnezzar. 

15.  The  Honour  of  Humilitie. 

16.  The  Young-Man's  Taske. 

17.  The  Triall  of  the  Righteous. 

18.  The  Christian's  Practise. 

19.  The  Pilgrim's  Wish. 

20.  The  Godly  Man's  Request. 

21.  22.  A  Glasse  for  Drunkards,  in  two  Sermons. 
23,  24.  The  Art  of  Hearing.     (Two  Sermons.) 

25.  The  Heauenly  Thrift. 

26.  The  Magistrates'  Scripture. 

27.  The  Triall  of  Vanitie. 

28.  The  Ladder  of  Peace. 

29.  The  Betraying  of  Christ. 

30.  The  Petition  of  Moses. 

31.  The  Dialogue  betwene  Paul  and  Agrippa. 

32.  The  Humilitie  of  Paul. 

33.  A  Looking  Glasse  for  Christians. 

34.  Foode  for  New  Borne  Babes. 

35.  The  Banquet  of  Job's  Children. 

36.  Satan's  Compassiug  the  Earth. 

37.  A  Caueat  for  Christians. 
Then  follow  three  Prayers  : 

"  One  for  the  Morning,  another  for  the  Euening,  the 
third  for  a  Sicke  Man,  v/hereunto  is  annexed  a  Godly 
Letter  to  a  Sicke  Friend,  and  a  comfortable  Speech  of  a 
Preacher  vpon  his  Death-bed.    Anno  1591." 

Then,  without  any  break  or  additional  title, 


2»4  a  VIII.,  Oct.  22.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


follow  four  Sermons  not  mentioned  in  the  "  Table 
of  Contents,"  viz. ;  — 

1.  The  Trvmpet  of  the  Soule  sounding  to  Judgement. 

2.  The  Poore-Man's  Teares. 

3.  An  Alarvm  from  Heaven,  summoning  al  Men  vnto 

the  Hearing  of  the  Trueth. 

4.  A  Memento  for  Magistrates. 

The  volume  is  a  small  4to  of  584  pages ;  and 
the  writer  of  this  Note  would  be  glad  to  re-edit 
the  whole,  or  portions  of  it,  for  any  publisher  or 
society  that  would  undertake  the  expense,  having 
long  thought  it  a  pity  that  the  great  bulk  of  the 
religious  part  of  the  community  should,  from  the 
scarcity  of  the  work,  be  deprived  of  such  an  inex' 
haustible  store  of  plain  honest  truths  set  forth  in 
nervous  English,  enforced  by  the  most  striking, 
though  often  quaint,  illustrations.  Henry  Smith 
was  unquestionably  the  best  preacher  in  his  day  ; 
and  the  style  and  language  of  the  Sermons  is  such 
that  they  could  not  but  be  listened  to  and  clearly 
understood  even  if  preached  in  our  own  day.  JIas 
not,  however,  a  modern  edition  already  been  pub- 
lished? It  will  be  seen  that  the  above  list  does 
not  include  "  Jonah's  Punishmenf,"  "  The  SinfuU 
Man's  Searche,"  "  Marie's  Choyce  " ;  unless  indeed 
they  are  given  under  a  different  title,  —  as  for 
instance,  the  "  Looking- Glasse  for  Drunkards," 
in  the  above  list,  corresponds  to  "  Noah's  Drunk- 
^nnesse  "  in  Mr.  Cowper's  list. 

J.  Eastwood,  M.A. 

Eckington,  Derbyshire. 


My  well-worn  and  much-prized  copy  of  that 
^'common  family-book"  (as  Strype  calls  it), 
Henry  Smith's  Sermons,  seems  to  be  so -much 
more  complete  than  that  of  Mr.  Cowper,  that  I 
make  no  apology  for  describing  it. 

If  their  republication,  which  I  agree  with  him 
in  thinking  highly  desirable,  were  contemplated, 
it  would  be  well  that  the  whereabouts  of  any  old 
editions  should  be  ascertained. 

The  date  and  printer's  name  are  torn  from  the 
principal  title-page,  which,  however,  stands  thus  : 

"  The  Sermons  of  Mr.  Henry  Smith,  gathered  into  one 
volume,  Printed  according  to  his  corrected  copies  in  his 
lifetime.  Whereunto  is  added  God's  Arrow  against  Athe- 
ists." 

Then  follow  "  The  Severall  Texts  and  Titles 
of  the  Sermons  contained  in  this  book,"  forty-two 
in  number,  commencing  with  "  A  Preparative  to 
Marriage,"  and  "  A  Treatise  of  the  Lord's  Supper 
in  two  Sermons,"  and  concluding  with  "  God's 
Arrow  against  Atheists." 

On  the  next  page  is  an  Epistle  to  the  Reader, 
signed  "  Thine  in  Christ,  H.  S.,"  with  a  short 
•supplementary  Epistle  referring  to  the  Treatise 
on  the  Lord's  Supper.  In  both  of  these  he  al- 
ludes to  his  illness ;  the  first  begins,  "  Because 
sicknesse  hath  restrained  me  from  preaching,  I 
am  content  to  doe  any  good  by  writing;"  and 


the  latter  ends  with  these  affecting  words  :  — "  I 
would  have  thee  profit  somewhat  more  by  this 
book,  because  it  hath  weakened  me  more  than  all 
the  rest." 

All  but  the  last  four  of  the  subjects  announced 
in  the  programme  then  succeed,  and  occupy,  to- 
gether with  "  Three  Godly  Prayers,"  600  pages, 
duly  paginated. 

Tlie  book  then  proceeds,  like  Mr.  Cowper's, 
without  pagination,  beginning  with  his  title-page 
No.  2.,  "  Twelve  Sermons,  &c.,"  and  followed,  as 
in  his  copy,  with  two  supernumerary  title-pages, 
"  Six  Sermons,"  &c.,  and  "  Fovre  Sermons,  &c." 
After  the  last  of  these,  however,  not  only  "  The 
Trumpet  of  the  Soule,"  but  the  three  missing 
Sermons  on  "  The  Sinful  Man's  Search,"  "  Marie's 
Choyce,"  and  "Noah's  Drunkennesse,"  as  well  as 
two  "  Zealous  Prayers,"  appear :  then  come  the 
four  subjects  omitted  at  the  end  of  the  first  Table, 
viz.:  "God's  Arrow  against  Atheists"  (Mr. 
Cowper's  No.  1.),  and,  lastly,  Three  Sermons,  with 
another  new  title -pajje,  on,  1.  "  The  Benefit  of 
Contentation  ; "  2.  "  The  Aflinity  of  the  Faithful;" 
and  3-  "  The  Lost  Sheepe  found."  This  la"st  re- 
fers to  a  certain  Robert  Dickons,  a  "  Prentise  of 
Mansfield,"  who  called  himself  Elias,  but  whose 
recantation  was  brought  about,  It  would  seem,  by 
the  efforts  of  Henry  Smith,  directed  by  a  precept 
from  "  the  Lord  Judges." 

The  volume  concludes  at  p.  54.  with  an  imper- 
fect list  of  "  Questions  gathered  out  of  his  (i.  e. 
Robert  DIckons's)  owne  Confession,  by  Henry 
Smith,  which  are  yet  unanswered." 

C.  W.  Bingham. 


LONDON   IN   1558. 
(2'"'  S.  viii.  292.) 

In  reply  to  the  inquiry  of  W.  P.  relative  to  the 
drawings  of  London  by  A.  Van  Den  Wyngrerde, 
1558,  I  am  happy  to  state  that  they  are  still  in 
existence.  They  were  purchased  of  Messrs.  Col- 
naghi  some  years  since  by  the  late  Mrs.  Suther- 
land of  Gower  Street,  Bedford  Square,  and  form 
a  portion  of  the  magnificent  illustrated  Clarendon 
presented  by  her  to  the  Bodleian  Library,  Oxford, 
where  they  may  any  day  be  inspected. 

As  it  may  be  interesting  to  W.  P.,  and  to  many 
of  the  readers  of  "N.  &  Q.,"  to  be  informed  of 
the  earlier  history  of  these  valuable  drawings,  I 
am  enabled  through  the  courtesy  of  Mr.  Colnaghi 
to  gratify  their  curiosity. 

The  English  drawings  were  twenty  in  number, 
and  were  originally  deposited  with  the  justly 
celebrated  printer,  Christopher  Plantin  of  Ant- 
werp, who  was  highly  esteemed  by  Phillip  II.  of 
Spain,  consort  of  Mary  I.  of  England :  as  views 
in  Spain  and  Flanders  were  also  discovered  in  his 
possession,  it  is  conjectured  they  were  intended  to 
illustrate  a  history  of  the  possessions  of  Phillip, 


332 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2nd  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '69, 


then  one  of  the  most  powerful  sovereigns  of  Eu- 
rope. This  work  was  never  published,  or,  as  far  as 
we  know,  saving  the  illustrations  in  question,  ever 
commenced. 

About  the  year  1820,  a  Col.  Roettiers,  a  Bel- 
gian gentleman  in  the  service  of  the  Russian 
government,  happening  to  be  at  Antwerp,  was  in- 
formed that  a  descendant  of  the  printer  Plantin — 
in  whose  family  these  drawings  had  continued 
from  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth  century  (1558) — 
intended  to  dispose  of  a  portion  of  his  collection, 
requiring  the  room  in  which  it  was  placed  for  a 
harness-room.  In  addition  to  many  prints  and 
other  works  of  art  in  this  room  were  the  draw- 
ings mentioned  above.  The  Colonel  became  the 
purchaser  of  the  whole  of  this  collection. 

Some  years  subsequent  to  this  acquisition.  Col. 
Roettiers  being  in  London  disposed  of  the  whole 
of  the  drawings  to  Messrs.  Colnaghi,  who,  as  we 
have  stated,  sold  the  English  portion  to  Mrs. 
Sutherland  :  the  foreign  drawings  were  purchased 
by  Dr.  Wellesley,  the  Principal  of  New  Inn  Hall, 
Oxford,  in  whose  possession  they  are  believed  still 
to  remain. 

The  large  folded  view  of  London  has  been  en- 
graved —  by  permission  of  the  trustees  of  the 
Bodleian  Library — byN.  Wbittock,  and  was  pub- 
lished a  few  years  since  by  Messrs.  Wbittock  & 
Hyde  of  Islington.  These  drawings  also  afforded 
valuable  assistance  to  Mr.  William  Newton  in 
constructing  his  "  Pictorial  Map  of  the  City  and 
its  Suburbs  as  they  existed  in  the  Reign  of  Henry 
VIII.,"  &c. 

In  conclusion,  we  must  all  deeply  regret  that 
drawings  of  a  character  so  interesting  should  not 
be  found,  where  assuredly  they  ought  to  be,  in 
the  national  collection  at  the  British  Museum  : 
and  still  more  so,  when  we  find  that  they  were 
first  offered  to  that  institution,  and  rejected  on 
the  ground  of  expence.  J.  H.  W. 

Onslow  Square,  Brompton. 


I  am  not  able  to  say  where  the  extremely  in- 
tei'esting  drawings  your  correspondent  W.  P.  refers 
to  are  ;  but  Antonio  Van  Wynergard,  or  I  believe 
more  correctly,  Wyngrerde,  came  to  England  with 
Philip  II.  of  Spain,  and  made  a  perspective  view  of 
London  in  1543,  now  in  the  Sutherland  collection 
in  the  Bodleian  Library;  this  has  been  litho- 
graphed by  Messrs.  Whittock  and  Hyde  of  Is- 
lington. Doubtless  the  drawings  alluded  to  are 
by  him,  and  it  will  be  very  gratifying  to  know 
where  they_are.  F.  G.  T. 

bacon's  essays. 
{Continued from  2"'^  S.  vi.  407.) 

I.  A  mixture  of  a  Lie  doth  ever  add  Pleasure  ..... 
One  of  the  Fathers,  in  great  severity,  called  POESY, 


Vinum  Daemonum,  because  it  fiUeth  the  Imagination,  and 
yet  it  is  but  with  the  Shadow  of  a  Lie."  —  Essay  I.  p.  2. 

As  an  additional  illustration  of  this  passage,  I 
may  quote  Mr.  Knight's  introduction  to  an  ex- 
tract from  Sir  P.  Sidney's  Defence  of  Poesie :  — 

"  A  clever  critic  says, '  One  would  think  that  to  write  a 
Defence  of  Poesy  were  something  like  writing  an  Apology 
for  the  Bible,'  The  Editor  of  '  Half  Hours'  has  called 
attention  to  the  circumstances  that  demanded  this  De- 
fence ('  W.  Shakspere,  a  Biography').  A  little  pre- 
vious to  1580,  two  or  three  fanatical  writers  put  forth  a 
succession  of  the  most  violent  attacks,  not  only  upon  the 
Stage,  but  against  Music  and  Poetry  in  all  its  forms. 
When  Sidney  says,  'I  think  truly  that  of  all  writers 
under  the  sun,  the  Poet  is  the  least  liar,  he  was  answering 
one  Stephen  Gosson,  and  other  pamphleteers,  who  held 
that  a  Fiction  and  a  Lie  were  the  same.  The  high- 
minded  Sidney  came,  with  his  chivalrous  spirit,  to  the 
rescue  of  '  Divine'  Poesy,  who  was  trembling  before  the 
great  Dragon  of  Fanaticism ;  and  manfully  did  he  chase 
the  beast  to  its  hiding-place."  * 

Dr.  Maitland,  however,  seems  to  be  of  Touch- 
stone's opinion  :  — 

"The  truth  is  —  one  is  sorry  to  acknowledge  it,  but 
the  truth  is  that  foetry  is  not  the  language  of  reality. 
It  is  not  the  language  of  the  World,  as  it  now  is,  and  of 
Man,  as  he  has  now  become;  yet  there  is  something 
within  him  of  recollection  and  anticipation,  which  lis- 
tens to  this  dead  language  with  instinctive  interest,  and 
recognises  it  as  his  mother  tongue,  long  lost  in  the  land 
of  his  captivity,  but  still  sufficiently  intelligible  to  rouse 
his  spirit  with  the  imagery  of  better  times,  and  better 
things.  The  danger  lies  in'this;  that  Poetry  is  not  the 
language  of  Truth ;  and  that  Man  loves  to  escape  from 
Truth.  He  loves  to  frame  and  fancy  things  that  are  not, 
because  he  seeks  in  vain  for  satisfaction  in  things  that 
are ;  and  he  tricks  himself  into  a  forgetfulness  of  hard 
truths,  that  he  may  revel  in  his  ideal  creation." — Enivin, 
Lond.  1850,  p.  58. 

EiRIONNACH. 

PS. — As  the  Editor  has  inadvertently  inserted 
Clammild's  Note  in  this  week's  "  N.  &  Q."  (2"'> 
S.  viii.  297.),  I  must  request  him  to  give  an 
early  insertion  to  my  reply.  At  first  I  did  not 
think  it  worth  while  to  refer  more  directly  to 
the  Fable  of  Momus,  as  it  is  so  well  known,  and 
Bacon's  allusion  is  so  obvious ;  but  on  second 
thoughts  I  did  give  It,  and  that  at  full  lengtli.  If 
Clammild  had  taken  the  trouble  to  read  my  last 


*  Cf.  some  remarks  on  the  Connexion  between  Poetry 
and  Religion  in  the  London  Review,  1829,  vol.  i.  p.  159. 
"The  connexion  between  the  want  of  the  religious  prin- 
ciple, and  the  want  of  poetical  feeling,  is  seen  in  Hume 
and  Gibbon.     They  had  radically  unpoetical  minds. 

"  Revealed  Religion  is  especially  poetical ....  With 
Christians,  a  Poetical  view  of  things  is  a  duty.  We  are 
bid  to  color  all  things  with  the  views  of  Faith ;  to  see  a 
Divine  meaning  in  every  event,  and  a  superhuman  ten- 
dency. Even  our  friends  around  are  invested  with  un- 
earthly brightness;  no  longer  imperfect  men,  but  beings 
taken  into  Divine  favor,  stamped  with  His  seal,  and  in 
training  for  future  happiness. 

"  The  Virtues,  peculiarly  Christian,  are  also  essentially 
poetical,"  &c.  See  the  whole  passage  quoted  by  Sharon 
Turner  in  his  Sacred  Hist,  of  the  World,  Lond.  1841,  vol. 
ii.  p.  231. 


2nd  s.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


333 


Note  on  Bacon   (2°^  S.  vi.  407.),  he  might  have 
spared  a  very  unnecessary  repetition. 


BEARDED   WOMEN. 

(2'"»  S.  viii.  247.) 

Some  years  ajro,  when  I  was  staying  at  one  of  the 
hotels  near  the  Falls  of  Niagara,  on  the  Canadian 
side,  I  one  day  saw  a  young  woman  of  the  hotel 
go  to  a  neighbouring  pump  to  fetch  water.  On 
returning,  she  passed  near  me,  when  I  observed 
that  she  had  a  strong  beard  on  her  face,  but  it 
was  cut  close  with  scissors.  The  circumstance 
struck  me,  and  I  made  some  remark  about  it  to 
a  gentleman  with  whom  I  had  been  in  conver- 
sation, who  had  been  some  time  staying  at  the 
hotel,  and  knew  the  girl  well.  He  said  I  was 
quite  right  about  her  beard  ;  that  she  had  a  very 
fierce  one,  but  that  she  cut  it  off  with  scissors, 
because  people  quizzed  her  about  it.  That  gen- 
tleman either  told  me  at  the  time,  or  I  have  been 
told  somewhere  else,  that  such  women  would  not 
bear  children.  On  this  latter  point  it  should 
seem  that  I  must  have  been  misinformed ;  for 
both  Evelyn  and  your  correspondent  John  Pavin 
PHiLLiPS.distinctly  state  the  contrary. 

P.  Hutchinson. 


These  Itisus  naturee  have  by  no  means  been  un- 
common throughout  all  ages;  nevertheless  they 
were  always  looked  upon  with  curiosity,  and  in- 
stances thought  worthy  of  being  recorded.  I 
annex  a  few  by  way  of  example  :  — 

Hippocrates,  De  Morbis  vulvar.  1.  vi.  sec.  7., 
thus  writes  :  — 

"  Abderis  Phaetusa,  Pythei  conjux,  antea  per  juventam 
foecunda  erat,  viro  autem  ejus  diu  exulante  menses  de- 
fecerunt,  ex  quo  postea  dolores  et  rubores  ad  articulos 
exorti  sunt.  Qusb  ubi  contigemnt  turn  corpus  virile  et 
in  universum  hirsutum  est  redditum,  barbaque  est  enata 
et  vox  aspera  reddita." 

Margaret,  formerly  Governess  of  the  Low  Coun- 
tries, whose  great  beard  was  a  singular  ornament 
to  her  robust  body. 

In  the  museum  at  Stutgard  there  is  a  picture 
of  a  woman  named  Barteld  Gratje,  with  a  large 
beard  as  she  appeared  in  her  twenty-fifth  year, 
anno  1587,  and  a  painting  also  of  her  as  she  ap- 
peared in  her  old  age. 

In  1726,  at  the  carnival  at  Venice,  there  ap- 
peared a  female  bearded  rope-dancer. 

A  bearded  Amazon  served  as  a  grenadier  in  all 
the  campaigns  of  Charles  XII.  of  Sweden,  dis- 
playing all  the  courage  of  the  other  sex  until  she 
was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Pultowa.  In 
1724  she  was  brought  from  Siberia  to  St.  Peters- 
burg, and  introduced  to  the  Czarina.  Her  beard 
was  an  ell  and  a  half  long. 

Elizabeth  Knepchtin,  a  Swiss   countrywoman, 


also  bore  a  venerable  beard.  By  direction  of 
Duke  Ernest  Lewis  of  Saxe  Meinungen  her  por- 
trait was  taken,  of  which  a  copy  is  to  be  seen  in 
the  Breslau  collection,  B.  29.  p.  73. 

In  the  year  1775  the  minister  of  a  parish  in  the 
Orkney  Islands,  describing  the  manners  of  the  in- 
habitants, tells  that  the  custom  there  is  never  to 
baptize  a  female  child  before  a  male,  otherwise 
they  have  a  superstition  that,  upon  arriving  at  the 
years  of  discretion,  slie  would  certainly  have  a 
strong  beard,  and  the  boy  would  have  none. 

Ithtjbiel. 


I  know  the  following  instance  of  a  bearded 
woman  which  I  saw  in  company  with  another 
officer,  when  quartered  at  Lisbon,  Portugal,  in 
1827.  My  account  is  meagre,  for  it  is  long  ago, 
and  the  Notes  I  took  are  not  forthcoming  among 
my  papers ;  but  fortunately  I  possess  a  good  me- 
mory. 

The  hairy  girl  was  apparently  seventeen  or 
eighteen,  perhaps  less.  We  saw  and  conversed 
with  her,  so  close  that  both  by  sight  and  touch 
we  could  see  there  was  no  deception.  In  com- 
pany with  her  was  a  person  who  stated  herself  to 
be  her  mother. 

She  (the  girl)  was  perfectly  feminine,  her  fea- 
tures agreeable,  and  her  manners  lady-like.  She 
had  a  small  moustache  and  whiskers,  and  the  hair 
grew  quite  low  on  the  forehead,  almost  as  low  as 
the  eyebrows.  It  was  also  very  low  on  her  neck 
and  shoulders ;  in  fact  as  far  as  we  could  see  for 
her  dress.  The  hair  was  not  coarse,  but  soft  and 
silky,  and  of  a  brown  colour. 

I  perfectly  recollect  that  her  fingers  were  co- 
vered all  the  way  down,  on  the  outside,  with 
thickish  short  hair,  but  none  between  them  or 
on  the  palm  of  the  hand. 

She  was  not  tall  for  her  age,  and  was,  I  think,  a 
native  of  Portugal.  We  suggested  to  her  mother 
to  exhibit  her  in  England ;  and  possibly  this  may 
be  the  person  mentioned  as  having  been  here  fif- 
teen or  sixteen  years  ago.  Port  Fire. 


In  Kirby's  Wonderfid  and  Eccentric  Museum, 
vol.  vi.,  an  account  is  given,  accompanied  by  a 
portrait,  of  a  young  Frenchwoman,  calling  herself 
Madlle.  Lefort,  who,  although  feminine  in  form, 
presented  the  masculine  phenomena  of  beard, 
whiskers,  &c.  This  girl  was  exhibited  in  1818-19. 
I  remember  another  case  of  a  similar  kind  in  a 
young  woman,  a- Piedmontese,  who  had  a  beard 
of  the  length  of  eight  or  ten  inches,  but  not  very 
thick.  I  do  not  now  remember  her  name,  but 
she  had  a  room  for  the  reception  of  company  in 
St.  James's  Street.  Her  appearance  in  London 
must  have  been  at  least  twenty -five  years  ago. 
She  was  unmarried  at  that  time.  Whether  the 
instance   mentioned    by  Mb.   Phillips   were    a 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


\_2'^  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '59. 


second  appearance  of  this  individual,  I  cannot 
pretend  to  say.  I  may,  however,  remind  him  of 
the  American  (Mexican,  I  believe)  who  was  only 
two  3'ears  since  exhibited  in  Regent  Street,  under 
the  designation  of  "  the  Nondescript,"  of  whom 
portraits  are  common  enough.  I  have  no  doubt 
that  many  similar  instances  have  occurred,  but 
•do  not  at  present  know  where  they  are  recorded. 

R.  S.  Q. 


In  h'la  Nan'oHve  of  an  Expedition  to  Ava,  Lieut. 
Yule  gives  a  full  and  very  curious  account  of  a 
hairy-faced  woman,  with  a  sftgular  lithograph  of 
herself  and  her  child.  If  your  correspondent  has 
not  access  to  the  work  I  shall  be  glad  to  send  you 
the  extract.  Este. 


(2°*  S.  viii.  249.) 

Taking  this  word  in  opposition  to  body  —  as 
■rrvfvfj.01,  is  opposed  to  (rap|,  and  y^vxv  to  awfia  —  we 
find  in  tlie  Shemitic  class  of  languages  as  follows  : 
—  In  Hebrew  its  equivalent  is  nepkesh,  meaning 
breathing,  soul,  life,  body,  man,  and  smell ;  in 
Syriac,  naphes  means  to  animate,  breath,  appetite, 
desire;  in  Arabic  the  root  nafoa  means  to  injure 
anyone  by  mind  or  eye,  najisa  to  bear  a  claild, 
naftisa,  valuable  ;  and  in  other  formatives,  to  lift, 
to  recreate,  to  breathe,  to  desire,  the  soul,  person, 
individual,  spirit.  The  Turks  use  nefayess  for 
anything  delicate  or  precious,  nefs,  the  soul  or 
person,  nefass,  the  breath — hence  the  Tartar  ne- 
faslenmeh,  to  take  breath,  to  repose.  In  the  Indo- 
Germanic  class  we  have  from  the  Sanscrit,  jiv,  to 
live  ;  in  Greek,  faw,  to  live,  fcoi^,  life  ;  in  Russian, 
ziwu;  in  Lithuanian,  gyiu  andgywafa;  in  Moeso- 
Gothic,  saiwala  =  i'ount  of  life  ;  in  Islandic  salo  or 
sael;  in  Danish,  siel ;  in  Anglo-Saxon,  sawel ;  in 
Swedish,  sial;  in  German,  seele.  Hire  connected 
siael,  soul,  with  siaelf,  self,  in  Anglo-Saxon. 
Richardson  connects,  as  above,  soul  with  fc(w  as  its 
etymon.  With  respect  to  the  Romanic  class,  the 
French  a?ne,  Portuguese  alma,  and  Italian  anima, 
are  from  the  Latin  animus  and  anima — the  Latin 
being  probably  from  the  same  original  root  in  old 
Pelasgic  as  iTvev/xa  in  Greek.  The  result  of  this 
induction  may  be  thus  stated :  the  generic  notion 
of  breathing  led  to  the  generalised  term,  living  or 
life,  and  to  the  concrete  term  self,  and  the  ab- 
stract term  soid. 

But  there  is  another  term  to  represent  an  im- 
material and  invisible  substance  in  Hebrew, 
riiacit,  which  means  breath  also,  derived  from 
the  notion  of  smell  (to  breathe  an  odour),  also 
wind  (breath  of  air),  and  applied  to  the  Deity 
i'^\'^\  C'l'l),  runch  Jehovah,  the  Spirit  of  God  = 
God  himself  (Ps.  cxxxix.  9.)  In  Arabic  the  same 
word  (_j  ,),  ruah,  means  (like  nefs)  self  (Lokman, 


14.  27.  32.)  :  in  its  Arabian  origin  it  was  applied 
to  the  wind,  which  cools  the  air  in  the  evening, 
hence  rest,  taking  breath,  soul,  or  the  cause  of  life 
in  the  body,  divine  inspiration,  prophecy,  angel, 
&c.  The  Syriac  holds  to  many  of  these  meanings 
from  the  same  root.  Our  word  spirit  is  from  the 
Latin  spiritus  and  spiro,  derived  from  the  same 
root  as  the  Greek  cnraipoo  —  so  the  French  terminal 
-spire  —  all  of  kin  to  the  Sanscrit  spar,  to  live  or 
breathe,  and  spartan,  breath.  The  generic  notion 
here  appears  to  be,  air  in  motion,  the  wind  bring- 
ing odours,  analogous  to  breathing  in  animals : 
hence  Jupiter  in  the  sense  of  atmosphere,  and  in  the 
abstract  something  distinct  from  matter,  the  cause 
of  life,  the  soul,  deity.  The  Greek  word  ^i/vxh, 
usually  translated  "  soul "  (as  trfevixa,  spirit), 
means,  in  its  root,  to  breathe,  and  to  cool  by 
breathing.  It  appears  to  originate  from  the  San- 
scrit pu,  pure,  pavas  and  pavdkd,  breath. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 

Lichfield. 


EARLY   EDITIONS   OF   FOXe's    BOOK    OF   MARTYRS. 

(S'^-i  S.  viii.  221.271.) 

I  cannot  offer  much  from  my  edition  of  Foxe 
(1641),  as  giving  direct  information  respecting 
early  editions  of  the  work,  but  I  note  what  I  con- 
sider a  note-worthy  circumstance,  as,  if  not  an- 
swering a  Query,  inviting  an  answer  to  itself,  as  a 
Query. 

In  the  third  volume,  following  p.  1030.,  is  a 
title-page  to  "  A  Continuation  of  the  Histories  of 
Forreine  Martyrs,"  &c.  printed  by  Ric.  Hearn  for 
the  Company  of  Stationers,  1641.  This  work  is 
paged  in  itself,  pp.  1—106.,  but  it  was  certainly 
part  of  the  2nd  edit,  of  1641  of  Foxe's  book,  inas- 
much as  it  precedes  the  inde;c,  and  is  included  in 
it,  in  reference  to  its  contents. 

The  title-page  is  highly  ornamented  in  the  style 
of  the  time.  Among  the  waving  foliage  of  a  vine 
springing  from  a  vase  at  the  bottom  of  the  page, 
and  winding  round  two  ornate  columns,  at  either 
side,  is  a  scroll  or  label  bearing  the  date  1574. 

Now  what  can  this  date  stand  for  ?  It  does 
not  point  to  the  "Massacres  in  the  Cities  of 
France,  1572,"  nor  the  "Famous  Deliverance  pf 
our  English  Nation  from  the  Spanish  Invasion  in 
'88,"  nor  "The  other  from  the  Gunpowder  Trea- 
son in  the  ^'car  1605,"  nor  "  The  Cruelties  on  the 
Professors  of  the  Gospel  in  the  Valletine,  1621," 
all  which  are  matters  alluded  to  in  the  title-page 
itself,  and  some  of  which  are  subsequent  in  point 
of  time  to  the  date  referred  to.  If  it  do  not 
point  to  some  earlier  unnoticed  edition  of  The 
Book  of  Martyrs,  to  what  are  we  to  take  these 
mysterious  numerals  as  having  reference  ? 

A.  B.  R. 

Belmont. 

P. S.    As   to  copies   of  "Foxe"  contained  In 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '69.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


335 


churches,  there  is  (or  was  some  years  since)  a 
fine  strong  copy  of  this  work  still  chained  to  a 
desk  in  the  church  of  Stratford-on-Avon  :  as  my 
menaory  serves  me,  it  lay  in  the  south  transept. 


Perhaps  the  following  description  of  an  imper- 
fect copy  of  Foxe  in  my  possession  may  be  of  use. 
It  is  of  the  date  1570,  as  appears  by  the  last  page, 
but  unfortunately  wants  the  first  926  pages,  com- 
mencing with  fol.  A  A  a  iij. ;  so  that  it  can  only 
be  identified  as  being  a  copy  of  the  second  edition 
throughout  by  the  references  in  the  index,  on  the 
back  of  the  last  leaf  of  which  is  the  date  as  fol- 
lows :  — 

"At  London, 

Printed  by  John  Daye,  dwelling  over  Aldersgate  beneath 

Saint  Martins, 

^f  Anno  1570. 

Cum  gratia  &  Priuilegio  Regiae  Maiestatis." 

A  few  leaves  at  the  beginning  and  end  of  the 
volume  have  been  mounted.  The  work  ends  at 
p.  2302.,  after  which  come  eleven  leaves  of  index, 
not  paged.  But  between  the  body  of  the  work 
and  the  index  is  inserted  "  A  continuation,"  &c., 
dated  1632,  containing  some  leaves  in  Roman 
type  of  "  A  treatise  preparing  men  to  suffer  mar- 
tyrdome."  After  which  follow  in  blackletter  104 
pages  of  text  in  blackletter. 

Above  1000  pages  of  the  book  are  in  good  con- 
dition, but  have  been  cut  down  so  close  as  in 
some  instances  to  have  lost  parts  of  the  head  lines. 
Pages  1269.  and  1270.  are  numbered  1267.  and 
1280.  respectively,  and  there  are  several  other 
errors  of  paging.  Page  1482.  is  blank,  and  the 
ninth  book,  on  the  reign  of  Edw.  VI.,  commences 
p.  1483.  Nicholas  Pocock. 

5.  Worcester  Terrace,  Clifton. 


I  beg  to  refer  Mr.  Nichols  to  the  Fhotogra- 
pliic  News  for  Sept.  28th,  where  at  p.  34.  he  will 
find  mention  made  of  a  copy  of  Foxe's  Martyro- 
logy,  in  three  volumes,  of  an  old  date,  as  being 
placed  in  the  church  of  Arreton,  Isle  of  Wight. 

N.  S.  Heineken. 


I  have  a  good  copy  in  3  vols,  of  Foxe's  Booh 
of  Martyi-s,  of  the  8th  edit.  1641,  in  the  old  bind- 
ing, the  outside  of  the  cover  impressed  with  the 
name  of  a  former  owner,  George  Norwood,  and 
the  date  1652.  Geo.  H.  Dashwood. 

Stow  Bardolph. 


There  is  in  the  library  at  Tabley  House,  Che- 
shire, a  copy  of  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs^  newly 
enlarged  and  recognised  by  the  author,  1576, 
London,  by  John  Daye,  folio,  2  vols. 

This  third  edition  has  many  additional  cuts,  and 
likewise  some  additions  at  the  end. 

The  title-page  of  the  first  volume  and  part  of 


the  index  is  wanting,  but  it  is  otherwise  in  a  good 
state  of  preservation. 

The  books  are  in  the  original  binding,  and 
formed  part  of  the  library  of  Sir  Peter  Leycester 
of  Tabley,  the  celebrated  Cheshire  antiquary,  who 
died  1678.  M.  L.  Fodder. 


In  Chelsea  old  church  there  is  a  copy  of  Foxe's 
Book  of  Martyrs  chained  to  the  west  wall,  with 
three  other  religious  books.  Chelsega. 


In  the  library  of  Trinity  Hall,  Cambridge,  there 
is  a  copy  (imperfect)  of  the  edition  of  1563.  In 
the  library  of  Hereford  cathedral  (press  mark 
D  4.  13  14.),  is  a  copy  of  the  1610  edition  in  two 
volumes.  Aul.  Trin. 


Sir  Rohert  le  Gris  (2"«  S.  viii.  268.)  —  For  In 
formation  respecting  this  gentleman  I  refer  your 
correspondent  to  the  following  documents  in  the 
State  Paper  Office. 

1608.  Dom.  Papers,  vol.  xxxvii.  Art  7.  Cer- 
tificate of  Edm.  Pigeon  to  the  E.  of  Salisbury, 
respecting  leases  granted  by  the  late  queen,  of 
the  herbage  &c.  of  Watlington,  indorsed  "  Gris 
his  suit." 

1618.  Domestic  papers,  vol.  xcviii.  Nos.  26, 
36,  40,  and  vol.  ciii.  No.  6,  relative  to  a  dispute 
between  him  and  Winifred  Lady  Markham,  he 
accusing  her,  seemingly  without  ground,  of  an 
attempt  to'pervcrt  Sir  Drew  Drury  to  Romanism 
in  his  dying  days,  and  of  defending  the  Gun- 
powder Plot. 

1627.  Vol.  Ixxxi.  No.  4.  xx.,  his  name  occurs 
as  captain  of  a  company  to  be  sent  to  the  Isle  of 
Rhe. 

1628.  Feb.  8.  A  patent  is  granted  at  his  re- 
quest for  the  sole  use  of  a  medicine  invented  by 
him,  to  preserve  sheep  from  the  rot. 

1628.  Feb.  26.,  occurs  a  letter  from  Capt.  Rob. 
le  Gris  to  Lord  Cbamberlain,  the  Earl  of  Mont- 
gomery, relative  to  the  needful  licence  for  printing 
the  translation  of  Argenis,  propounding  several 
points  relative  to  the  construction  of  the  work ; 
and  on  Feb.  28  following  is  a  letter  from  Lord 
Conway  to  the  Stationers'  Company,  licensing  the 
printing  of  the  said  book.  M.  A.  E.  G. 

Alderman  Hart  (2"'^  S.  viii.  308.)  —  Ybur  cor- 
respondent W.  N.  S.  will  find  some  little  infor- 
mation concerning  Sir  John  Hart  in  the  Visitation 
of  Yorkshire  (Harl.  MS.  Brit.  Mus.,  1487,  fol. 
369.).  He  is  there  described  as  Lord  Mayor  of 
London  in  1590.  His  father  is  Raphe  Harte  of 
Sproston  Court,  co.  York.  Arms  :  Sable,  a  chev- 
ron argent  between  three  fleurs-de-lis,  or.  The 
same  arms  are  given  in  Harl.  MS.  1483.  (Visi- 
tation of  Berks),  with  the  addition  of  a  crest,  a 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"<»  S.  VIII.  Oct,  22.  '59. 


stag's  head,  argent,  issuing  from  a  coronet,  or. 
In  this  visitation  he  is  described  as  Sir  John 
Hart,  Grocer,  Mayor  of  London,  1590,  died  1603. 
My  blazonry  of  this  crest  is  as  near  as  I  can  de- 
scribe it  from  a  rough  sketch ;  but  if  W.  N.  S. 
will  favour  me  with  his  address  I  should  be  glad 
to  communicate  with  him  privately. 

William  Henbt  Hart. 
Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park, 
Streatham. 

Baron  of  Beef  at  Windsor  (2°*  S.  viii.  248.) 
—  The  baron  of  beef  is  roasted  at  Windsor  by 
the  same  contrivance  which  was  and  still  may  be 
used  for  the  same  purpose  at  Arundel  Castle,  viz., 
a  strong  spit  to  support  the  meat,  and  strong  beer 
to  support  the  men  who  sat  up  nil  night  to  watch 
it.  On  one  occasion  the  spit  Droke  under  the 
baronial  weight,  and  Vulcanic  advice  had  to  be 
sought  in  the  middle  of  the  night.  G.  H.  K. 

Mr.  Abdias  Ashton  of  St.  John's  Coll.,  Camh. 
(2-^  S.  viii.  302.)  —Is  this  the  Mr.  Abdie  Ashton 
who  was  the  favourite  and  confidential  chaplain  of 
Robert,  Earl  of  Essex,  and  who  attended  him  on 
the  scaffold,  Feb.  20,  1600-1,  and  of  whom  we 
have  interesting  notices  in  Jardine's  Criminal 
Trials,  vol.  i.  pp.  365.  367.  375-7.?  What  is 
known  of  Ashton's  life  ?  Any  particulars  of  him 
would  be  acceptable.  M.  P. 

Suffragan  Bishop  (2"^  S.  viii.  225.  296.316.)  — 
With  reference  to  Manning's  appointment  as  suf- 
fragan bishop  of  Ipswich,  I  may  say  that  the  royal 
mandate  referred  to  by  your  correspondent  is 
printed  in  Burnet's  Collection,  vol.  i.,  and  that 
Manning  retained  the  priory  of  Butley  after  his 
consecration,  and  signed  the  resignation  of  the 
priory  as  bead  of  that  house,  with  his  episcopal 
title,  in  1539,  March  1. 

If  any  of  your  readers  can  tell  me  anything  of 
a  copy  of  Burnet's  Reformation,  vol.  i.,  with  third 
edition  on  the  title-page  I  should  be  obliged. 

Nicholas  Pocock. 

6.  Worcester  Terrace,  Clifton. 

Sir  William  and  Sir  Richard  Weston.  —  In  2°^ 
S.  vii.  317.  your  correspondent  P.  S.  C.  inquires 
for  information  respecting  "  Sir  William  Weston, 
Prior  of  the  Knights  Hospitallers  in  England  in 
the  early  part  of  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  or  his 
brother  Sir  Richard  Weston  ?"  At  p.  405.  of  the 
same  volume,  I  gave  some  references  to  informa- 
tion respecting  the  Sir  William  Weston  alluded 
to  by  P.  S.  C.  At  p.  485.  in  the  same  volume, 
Mr.  C.  J.  Robinson  refers  me  to  his  Query  (but 
he  does  not  tell  me  where  to  find  it)*,  and  says 
"he  inquired  about  Sir  William  Weston  who  was 
buried  at  Callow-Weston,  Gillingham,  co.  Dorset." 


[*  The  Qaery  appeared  in  2"''  S.  v.  359. — Ed.] 


There  is  certainly  a  game  at  cross-purposes  in 
this  matter.  I  am  "referred  again"  to  a  Query 
which  I  have  never  seen,  and  charged  (by  impli- 
cation at  least)  by  Mr.  Robinson  with  having 
erroneously  replied  to  a  Query  asked  by  P.  S.  C. 
respecting  one  Sir  William  Weston,  when  I  ought 
to  have  directed  my  attention  to  another  gentle- 
man of  that  name,  but  who  is  in  no  way  whatever 
alluded  to  in  the  Query  to  which  I  replied.  I 
noticed  this  incongruity  nearly  three  months  ago, 
but  my  communication  escaped  the  notice  of  the 
Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  Pishey  Thompson. 

Stoke  Newington. 

Actresses  ennobled  by  Marriage  (2"''  S.  viii.  292.) 
—  Martin  Folkes,  the  antiquary,  a  man  of  good 
birth  and  fortune,  is  said  to  have  been  the  first 
person  among  "  the  gentry "  who  chose  a  wife 
from  the  English  stage,  although  he  did  not  "  en- 
noble "  her  by  doing  so. 

Mr.  Folkes  married  Lucretia  Bradshaw,  the 
representative  of  Farquliar's  heroines,  circa  1725. 
The  lady's  "  prudent  and  exemplary  conduct "  is 
said  to  have  been  the  attraction  to  the  learned 
antiquary.  I  find  the  following  list  of  actcesses 
raised  by  marriage  to  elevated  rank,  in  Burke's 
Romance  of  the  Aristocracy. 

Anastasia  Robinson  was  married  to  Lord  Peter- 
borough circa  1735. 

Lavinia  Beswick  (the  original  Polly  Peachura), 
became  Duchess  of  Bolton  about  1750. 

Elizabeth  Farren  married  the  Earl  of  Derby 

Miss  Searle  married  Robt.  Heathcote,  Esq., 
1807. 

Louisa  Brunton  married  the  Earl  of  Craven, 
1807. 

Mary  Catherine  Bolton  (another  Polly  Peach- 
um),  married  Lord  Thurlow  in  1813. 

Miss  O'Neill  married  Sir  AV.  W.  Beecher, 
Bart., . 

Miss  Foote  was  married  to  the  Earl  of  Harring- 
ton. 

Miss  Stephens  to  the  Earl  of  Essex. 

Miss  Mellon  (then  Mrs.  Coutts)  to  the  Duke 
of  St.  Albans. 

Mrs.  Nisbett  married  to  Sir  William  Boothby, 
Bart. 

I  believe  a  daughter  of  the  late  John  Braham 
was  ennobled  by  her  marriage ;  and  there  ai-e, 
probably,  one  or  two  more  instances,  of  a  recent 
date.  Pishey  Thompson. 

Stoke  Newington. 

Duchess  of  Bolton  {^'•■'^  S.  viii.  291.)— Oxoniensis 
will  find  the  information  he  desires  in  Leigh 
Hunt's  Men,  Women,  and  Books,  vol.  ii.  p.  180. 
I  have  The  Life  of  Lavinia  Besunck,  alias  Fenton, 
alias  Polly  Peachum.  It  was  published  in  1728, 
when  she  was  twenty  years  old.  Gilbert. 


2»'»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22.  '89.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


337 


M7'.  Willett,  Purchaser  of  the  Orleans  Pictures 
(2"*  S.  viii.  308.)  —  The  writer  of  this  believes 
Mr.  Willett's  name  would  be  found  in  many 
pi'iced  catalogues  of  picture  sales  during  at  least 
tbe  first  quarter  of  this  century  ;  and  believes 
that  he  lived  in  Portland  Place  and  had  some 
place  in  one  of  the  counties  near  London.  The 
Court  Guides  of  the  time  would  show  his  London 
residence,  and  perhaps  Christie's  books  something 
about  his  pictures,  li  the  subject  or  description 
of  the  picture  were  given,  its  history  might  be 
more  easily  found.  Klofron. 

The  Mr.  Willett,  who  bought  pictures  from  the 
Orleans  Gallery,  was  probably  Ralph  Willett, 
Esq.,  of  Merly,  Dorset,  whose  fine  library  was 
sold  by  Leigh  and  Sotheby  in  Dec.  1813.      H.  P. 

Norton  Family  (2"*  S.  viii.  249.)  —  Some  ac- 
count of  Richard  Norton,  Esq.  of  Norton  Con- 
yers  and  his  "  right  good  sonnes,"  who  were 
concerned  in  the  "rising  of  the  North,"  ad.  1569, 
will  be  found  in  Sir  Cuthbert  Sharp's  Memorials 
of  the  Rebellion  of  1569,  p.  275.  J.  F.  W. 

Cross  and  Candlesticks  on  Super-Altar  (2""*  S. 
viii.  204.  255.  297,)  —  Lancastriensis  professes 
to  be  unable  to  find  in  the  present  Prayer-Book 
of  the  Church  of  England  the  rubric  which  orders 
a  cross  and  candles  to  be  set  up  on  the  altar  of 
every  parish  church.  I  think  it  is  evident  that 
Mr.  R.  H.  N.  Browne  refers  to  the  first  rubric, 
at  the  conclusion  of  which  occur  the  following 
words :  — 

"  And  here  it  is  to  be  noted,  tliat  such  Ornaments  of 
the  Church,  and  of  the  Ministers  thereof,  at  all  times  of 
their  Ministration,  shall  be  retained,  and  be  in  use,  as 
were  in  this  Church  of  England  by  the  Authority  of  Par- 
liament, in  the  Second  Year  of  the  Reign  of  King  Ed- 
ward the  Sixth." 

The  Act  referred  to  authorised  tbe  use  of  the 
vestments,  and  ornaments  ordered  by  the  first 
Prayer-Book  of  Edward  VI.,  among  which  orna- 
ments are  mentioned  candles  for  the  altar. 

In  an  Introduction  to  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer,  "  by  John  Reeves,  Esq.,  one  of  the  Pa- 
tentees of  the  Office  of  King's  Printer,  London, 
1801,"  dedicated  to  George  III.,  the  author,  ex- 
plaining this  first  rubric,  among  other  things,  says, 

"  Among  other  Ornaments  of  the  Church,  then  in  use, 
and  therefore  within  the  meaning  of  this  Rubric,  there 
were  two  lights,  enjoined  to  be  set  upon  the  Altar,  as  a  sig- 
nificant emblem  of  the  light,  which  Christ's  Gospel 
brought  into  the  world. 

"This  was  ordered  by  the  same  injunction,  which  pro- 
hibited all  other  lights  and  tapers,  that  used  to  be  super- 
stitiously  set  before  images  and  shrines." 

I  hope  Lancastriensis  will  find  the  above  satis- 
factory. J.  A.  Pn. 

Mr.  Gahstin  will  find  a  full  and  satisfactory 
answer  to  his  inquiry  in  pp.  78.  et  seq.^  and  pp. 
152.  et  seq.,  of  the  second  edition  (1844)  of  Hoic 


shall  we  Conform  to  the  Liturgy  of  the  Church  of 
England?  by  James  Craigie  Robertson,  M.A., 
now  Canon  of  Canterbury. 

The  two  assertions  contained  in  Mr.  Nisbett 
Browne's  short  reply  will  startle  most  of  your 
readers.  The  first,  that  the  cross  and  candlesticks 
are  ordered  to  be  placed  on  the  altar  "  by  the  rubric 
of  our  present  Prayer-Book;"  when  the  fact  is 
that  the  rubric  does  not  mention  them  at  all. 

The  second,  that  the  super-altar  will  be  found 
"  in  every  properly- arranged  church  ; "  when,  if 
so,  not  one  in  a  hundred  of  the  churches  in  the 
kingdom  is,  according  to  Mr.  Nisbett  Bhownk's 
ideas,  properly  arranged. 

I  purposely  refrain  from  entering  farther  into 
the  subject,  the  discussion  of  which  is  wholly  fo- 
reign to  the  objects  of  "  N.  &  Q."  Inquiries,  such 
as  Mr.  Garstin  makes,  should  be  answered  by 
facts ;  and  not  by  assertions  unfounded  and  in- 
ferences unexplained ;  and  I  trust  that  your  ex- 
cellent and  useful  miscellany  will  not  be  insidiously 
led  to  take  part  in  the  modern  controversy  on 
church-ceremonial.  .  Senex. 

Lord  Nitlisdale's  Escape  (2;«»  S.  vi.  438.)  — EiN 
Frager  will  find  Lady  Nithsdale's  Narrative 
reprinted  in  Jesse's  Memoirs  of  the  Pretenders 
(Bohn's  ed.)  pp.  70 — 76.,  where  it  is  quoted  from 
Ti-ansactions  of  the  Society  of  Scottish  Antiquaries, 
vol,  i.  pp.  523—38.  F. 

Schuyler  (2"'»  S.  viii.  290.)  —  G.  L.,  who  asks 
for  "  information  respecting  a  Dutch  family  of 
this  name,  will  find  very  interesting  particulars 
of  such  a  family  in  a  letter  of  Mrs.  Grant,  dated 
1773,  being  No.  xxi.  of  her  Lettei's  from  the 
Mountains,  which  contains  what  she  calls  "  a  faint 
sketch  of  the  useful  and  happy,  the  estimable  and 
singular  character  of  the  friend  of  her  childhood, 
the  instructress  of  her  youth,  and  the  existing 
model,  in  her  mind,  of  the  highest  practical  vir- 
tue," of  Madam,  or  Aunt  Schuyler.  We  learn 
from  it,  and  from  a  note,  that  "  Aunt  Schuyler  s 
father  was  called  Cvyler ; "  that  she  lived  in  Al- 
bany, New  York,  U.  S. ;  and  was  a  descendant 
of  those  Dutch  settlers  by  whom  the  province 
was  occupied  when  we  got  it  in  exchange  for 
Surinam." 

G.  L.  asks  of  the  family,  "  Was  it  noble  ? " 
Mrs.  Grant's  "  sketch  "  of  Aunt  Schuyler,  and  the 
note  appended,  show  that  they  were  at  least 
amongst  the  noblest  of  nature's  creation.  The 
whole  account  is  highly  interesting,  and  would  be 
acceptable  to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q. ;  "  but  its 
length  will  doubtless  preclude  its  publication 
there.  P.  H.  F. 

Gay's  Works  (2""  S.  v.  215.)  — I  presume  that 
the  edition  of  Gay's  Works  to  which  Mr.  Cun- 
ningham refers  is  that  of  1795,  6  vols.  12mo. 

James  Delano. 


338 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«'<»  S.  Till.  Oct.  22.  'oP. 


Sir  John  Danvers  C2'">  S.  viii.  J71.  309.)  — Sir 
John  Danvers  of  Chelsea  was  the  only  surviving 
brother  of  Henry  Earl  of  Danby  ;  which  Earl  by 
his  will  made  Henry  Danvers,  Esq.,  only  son  of 
Sir  John  Danvers  by  his  second  wife  Ann, 
daughter  of  Ambrose  Dauntesey,  (he  heir  to  his 
great  estate.  Sir  John  survived  his  son  Henry, 
and  the  latter  made  his  youngest  sister  Anne 
Danvers,  married  during  the  Protectorate  to  Sir 
Henry  Lee  of  DItchley,  "  heir  to  the  whole  of  the 
great  estate  in  his  power,"  as  set  forth  in  the 
monument  erected  to  his  memory  in  the  Daun- 
tesey chapel  of  West  Lavington  church.  I  have 
collected  many  interesting  particuhirs  relative  to 
these  parties,  and  shall  feel  much  pleasure  in 
communicating  to  W.  C.  any  information  he  may 
be  anxious  to  obtain,  and  I  may  be  able  to  supply. 
Henry  Danvers  had  two  sisters.  Elizabeth,  the 
eldest,  married  the  famous  Robert  Wright,  alias 
Villiers,  who  levied  a  fine  to  be  excused  taking 
the  title  of  Viscount  Purbeck,  and  assumed  the 
maiden  name  of  his  wife,  "Danvers.''  After  her 
husband's  death  she  used  the  title  of  Viscountess 
Purbeck,  and  her  son  attempted  to  substantiate 
his  claim,  but  without  success.  The  case  is  re- 
ported in  Sir  Harris  Nicolas's  Adulterine  Bas- 
tardy. I  possess  some  letters  written  by  her 
agent's  brother  relative  to  this  portion  of  the 
family  history,  and  shall  be  ready  to  communi- 
cate them  through  the  pages  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  when 
1  hear  farther  from  your  correspondent  W.  C. 

Edward  Wilton,  Clerk. 
West  Lavington,  Devizes. 

Primate  BramhalVs  Arms,  SfC.  (2"'>  S.  v.  478. ; 
viii.  259.) — According  to  Burke  {^Ext.  Baronet- 
age'), the  prelate's  arms  were,  "  Sa.  a  lion  rampant 
or,  armed  and  langued,  g<i."  His  son  was  created 
a  baronet  31st  of  May,  1662,  by  the  title  of  Sir 
Thomas  Bramhall  of  RathmuUyon,  co.  Meath. 
He  died  *.  p.  C.  J.  Robijjson. 

Tote  (2"^  S.  viii.  282.)  —  This  word  is  not  ex- 
clusively applied  to  the  act  of  carrying,  in  the 
southern  part  of  the  United  States.  I  have  fre- 
quently heard  a  negro  enquire,  "  Shall  I  tote  this 
horse  to  the  water  ?  "  Although  it  is  now  almost 
always  regarded  as  a  negroism,  I  think  it  had 
another  origin,  and  was  brought  by  the  first  Eng- 
lish settlers  in  America  from  the  old  country. 
Chaucer,  I  think,  iises  the  word  to  signify  a 
summing  up,  the  ascertaining  a  total  amount,  &c. ; 
and  I  have  frequently  heard  in  Lincolnshire  the 
phrase,  "  come,  tote  it  up,  and  tell  me  what  it 
comes  to."  I  think,  with  your  correspondent, 
Mr.  Myers,  that  the  word  is  derived  from  the 
Latin  tollo,  "  to  take  away,  to  lift  up,  or  to  raise." 
There  is  also  the  Anglo-  Saxon  verb  totian,  "  to 
lift  up,  to  elevate."  (See  Bosworth's  A.-S.  and 
Engl.  Diet.,  p.  226.)  The  definitions  attached  to 
these  two  words  include  all  the  applications  which 


I  have  heard  the  word  tote  receive  In  the  United 
States.  The  law  terra  tolt,  "  a  removal ;  a  taking, 
away,"  is  evidently  derived  from  the  Latin  tollo, 
and  has  the  same  meaning  as  the  word  toto.  Mr. 
Webster's  definition  is  too  limited,  but  quite  cor- 
rect so  far  as  it  goes.  Pishey  Thompson. 

The  Rev.  John  Rob.  Scott,  D.D.  (2°*  S.  viii. 
190.  218.)  —  The  "  classic  commentator,"  so 
praised  by  *  and  2  2  under  his  later  pseudonyme, 
Falkland,  had  been  —  as  Irving's  Biography  of 
Oliver  Goldsmith  records  —  chaplain  to  (Miss 
Ray's)  Lord  Sandwich,  and  one  of  the  North 
ministry's  political  scribes  ;  signing  his  lamenta- 
tions "  Antl-Sejanus,"  "  Panurge,"  and  such  like 
noms  de  plume.  Among  his  several  functions,  he 
was  commissioned  to  purchase  Goldsmith's  co- 
operation, which  —  much  to  the  D.D.'s  annoy- 
ance and  wonder  —  the  low-estated  but  high- 
minded  poet  refused.  Doctor  Scott's  services 
were  subsequently  requited  with  a  brace  of  com- 
fortable crown  livings.  Where  were  they,  and 
when  did  he  die  ? 

The  enlistment  of  poor  Goldsmith  was  prob.ibly 
suggested  by  his  friend  Viscount  Clare,  then  high 
in  office,  and  to  whom  the  celebrated  "  Haunch 
of  Venison"  was  addressed.  Among  the  cha- 
racters of  that  pleasant  jeu  d'esprit  Doctor  Scott 
seems  especially  noticed*;  under  one,  at  least,  of 
his  many  pseudonymes,  — 

"  The  one  writes  the  '  Snarler,'  the  other  the '  Scourge ; ' 
Some  think  he  writes  '  Cinna,' — he  owns  to  '  Pamtrge.''  " 

V.Q. 


MONTHLY    FEUILLETON    ON    FRENCH    BOOKS. 

1.  Francois  Villon,  sa  Vie  et  ses  (Euvres,  par  Antoine 
Campaux,  Docteur  es  Lettres.    In-8°.  Paris,  A.  Durand. 

The  history  of  French  h'terature  exhibits  to  us  two 
distinct  schools  of  writers ;  some  keep  to  the  classical 
traditions,  endeavouring  to  engraft  on  the  national  ten- 
dencies a  taste  for  the  productions  and  spirit  of  antiquity. 
They  sacrifice  originality  to  imitation,  and  are  perfectly 
content  with  ^he  humble  part  of  patient  and  faitliful 
copyists.  In  modern  times,  Racine,  Boileau,  Laharpe, 
belonged  to  that  coterie ;  further  back,  Ronsard,  the  poets 
of  the  Pleiad ;  further  still,  Charles  d'Orleans,  Alain 
Chartier  and  others  represented  it  with  more  or  less 
power.  But,  on  the  other  hand,  there  has  alwaj-s  existed 
in  France  a  strong,  compact,  influential  body  of  hu- 
mourists who  preserved  amongst  them  the  pungency  of 
the  esprit  Gaulois,  and  who,  careless  of  all  convention- 
alisms, were  bent  upon  expressing  as  truthfully  as  they 
could  their  views  of  societj',  and  their  free  opinions  on 
nolitical  and  ecclesiastical  institutions.    La  Fontaine,  Ra- 


[*  Our  correspondent  has  confounded  Dr.  John  Robert 
Scott  with  Dr.  James  Scott,  or  "  Old  Slyboots,"  called 
by  Goldsmith  "  Parson  Scott."  See  "  N.  &  Q."  2»'i  S.  vi. 
150.— Ed.] 


2'«»  S.  yill.  Oct.  22.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


339 


belais,  the  old  fabliaux  are  the  most  genuine  exponents 
of  th^t  light-hearted  brigade  who  lately  lost  in  the  illus- 
trious Beranger  the  truest  representative  they  perhaps 
ever  had.  Francois  Villon,  the  subject  of  M.  Campaux's 
tiiography,  deserves  also  a  prominent  place  in  the  same 
category*;  and  we  may  safely  say  that  he  produced  in 
French  literature  a  revolution  as  beneficial  as  any  it  has 
£one  through  since  the  sixteenth  century. 

"  Villon  sut  le  premier  dans  ces  sibcles  grossiers 
Debrouiller  I'art  confus  de  nos  vieux  romanciers." 

Such  is  the  opinion  of  Boileau ;  and  although  perhaps  it 
is  not  suflScienth'  clear,  yet  we  must  admit  that  the 
author  of  the  Ballade  des  Dames  da  Temps  Jadis  did  de- 
hrouUler,  and  something  more,  the  heavy,  tedious  st}-le  of 
composition  which  was  so  universal  amongst  the  media;- 
val  poets. 

The  two  celebrated  works  of  Villon  are  his  Testaments, 
and  M.  Campaux  gives  of  them  a  very  complete  and 
correct  analysis.  "  Le  Petit  Testament,"  says  he,  "  se 
compose  de  45  octaves  ou  huitains  qui  se  balancent 
chacun  sur  trois  rimes  croisees,  dont  25  de  legs,  en- 
cadres  entre  un  preambule  plein  d'emotion,  et  une  sorte 
d'epilogue  qui,  de  religieux  qu'il  promettait  d'etre,  tourne 
brusquement  au  burlesque,  par  un  de  ces  soubresants 
beaucoup  trop  frequents  chez  notre  poete." 

The  Petit  Testament  is  chiefly  of  a  satirical  character ; 
it  is  evidently  the  work  of  a  young  man  whose  experi- 
ence has  not  yet  brought  him  into  contact  with  the  real 
calamities  of  life ;  but  after  the  publication  of  that  poem 
we  find  Villon  gradually  sinking  lower  and  lower,  carried 
away  by  the  evil  example  of  his  friends:  he  commits 
crimes  gross  enough  to  bring  him  to  the  gallows,  and 
when  Montfaucon  is  within  sight,  his  imagination  brings 
forth  before  him  the  following  anticipated  picture  of  his 
melancholy  end :  — 

"  La  pluye  nous  a  debuez  et  lavez, 
Et  le  soleil  dess^chez  et  noirciz ; 
Pies,  corbeaulx  nous  ont  les  j^eux  cavez, 
Et  arrachez  la  barbe  et  les  sourcilz. 
Jamais  nul  temps  nous  ne  sommes  rassiz ; 
Puis  (ja,  puis  1^  cotnme  le  vent  varie, 
A  son  plaisir,  sans  cesser  nous  charrie, 
Plus  becquetez  d'oj'seaulx  que  dez  h,  couldre. 
Hommes  icy  n'usez  de  mocquerie, 
Mais  priez  Dieu  que  tous  nous  veuille  absouldre ! " 

The  clemency  of  King  Louis  XL  fortunately  saved 
Villon  from  being  hung.  This  circumstance  led  him  to 
reflect,  and  the  Grand  Testament,  which  he  subsequently 
published,  though  containing  here  and  there  many  out- 
bursts of  coarse  invective,  has  on  the  whole  a  solemn 
character,  which  proves  that  the  poet  had  learnt  a  profit- 
able lesson  in  the  school  of  adversit3'.  He  died,  it  is 
presumed,  about  1482  or  1484. 

M.  Campaux  gives  us  a  list  of  Villon'sVmitators ;  they 
were  numerous,  and  distinguished  by  all  the  stupiditj' 
which  generally  belongs  to  the  serviim  pecus.  The  Codi- 
cille  et  Testament  de  Monseigneur  des  Barres ;  Testament 
tTung  Amoureux  qui  mourut  par  Amour ;  Testament  de 
TasteviH  Roi  des  Pions ;  Testament  de  la  Mule  Barbeau, 
&c.  &c.  Such  are  the  titles  of  the  most  remarkable 
amongst  them.  But  besides  these  clumsy  productions  of 
third-rate  scribblers,  tliere  exist  many  poems  of  a  totally 
difterent  order,  and  Avhicli  can  be  said  to  belong  to  the 
school  of  Villon  bj'  their  elegance,  their  pungency,  and 
their  wit.  M.  Campaux  subjoins  some  extracts  from 
these  compositions  in  his  appendix.  A  bibliographical 
chapter  terminates  the  volume,  and  states  all  the  re- 
sources available  for  those  sauanfs  who  would  feel  inclined 
to  undertake  a  new  edition  of  Villon,  even  after  the  one 
lately  published  by  M.  Paul  Lacroix. 


2.  Pellisson.  Etude  sur  sa  Vie  et  ses  CEuvres  snivie  d'une 
Correspondance  inedite  du  meme,  par  F.  L.  Marcou,  ancien 
eleve  de  I'Ecole  Normale.    8».    Paris,  Durand. 

Paul  Pellisson-Fontanier  is  associated  with  three  famous 
institutions  of  the  seventeenth  century  in  France ;  1",  the 
Samedis,  or  Saturday-reunions  of  IMademoiselle  de  Scu- 
de'ry ;  2°,  the  dungeons  of  the  Bastille ;  and  3",  the  Revo- 
cation of  the  Edict  of  Nantes.  For  a  man  who  never 
attained  any  real  celebritj'  either  as  a  litterateur  or  as  a 
politician,  this  is  pretty  well ;  but  in  addition  to  such 
honour,  imagine  a  personage  obscure  like  Pellisson  being 
made  the  subject  of  a  biography  extending  over  a  thick 
volume  of  500  closely-printed  pages ! 

Mademoiselle  de  Scudery's  salon,  however,  occupies  in 
the  history  of  French  literature  a  prominent  part;  and 
whilst  describing  the  early  life  of  his  hero,  M.  Marcou 
was  naturally  led  to  take  a  general  survey  of  the  intel- 
lectual movement  which  marked  the  beginning  of  the 
seventeenth  centurj'.  This  he  has  done  in  a  most  inter- 
esting manner.  We  assist  at  the  first  meetings  held  bj' 
the  Acaddmie  Frangaise ;  we  watch  those  curious  quarrels 
arising  from  the  structure  of  a  sonnet  or  the  wording  of  a 
metaphor ;  we  follow  the  progress  of  taste  and  the  deve- 
lopment of  that  elegant,  though  somewhat  formal,  school 
of  literature  which  afterwards  found  imitators  even  in 
England  during  the  reign  of  Queen  Anne.  Pellisson's 
merits  as  a  writer  will  not  be  deemed  very  great  by  those 
who  peruse  the  work  we  are  now  noticing ;  the  two  fol- 
lowing epigrams  are  amongst  the  best  of  his  poesies  fugi- 
tives :  — 

"  Centre  un  Envieux. 
"Paul,  cet  envieux  maraud, 

Sur  I'echelle  meme  enrage 

Qu'un  autre  ait  eu  pour  partage 

Ue  deux  gibets  le  plus  haut." 

"  Lorsque  B.,  I'homme  de  Dieu, 
Se  mit  k  songer  que  le  traitre 
Vendit  trente  deniers  son  Seigneur  et  son  maitre  ■ 
Le  malheureux,  dit-il,  I'avoit  vendu  si  peu!" 

Pellisson  was  councillor  of  state ;  in  that  quality'  he  be- 
came connected  with  Nicolas  Fouquet,  served  him  as  his 
private  secretary',  and  shared  his  disgrace.  Under  such  a 
sj'stem  of  government  as  the  one  which  prevailed  two 
hundred  3'ears  ago  in  France,  it  was  impossible  for  Pel- 
lisson, really  esteemed  though  he  was  by  the  king,  to 
escape  imprisonment.  Ilis  position  had  led  him  to  know 
many  secrets  of  the  most  delicate  character;  the  corrup- 
tion of  the  court,  the  intrigues  of  Louis  XIV.,  the  repu- 
tations of  persons  belonging  to  the  highest  families,  all 
these  were,  so  to  saj',  in  his  hands,  and  his  acquittal 
would  have  been  the  condemnation  of  le  grand  monarque 
himself.  He  was  accordingly  sent  to  the  Bastille,  and 
remained  confined  there  for  six  years.  When  lie  entered 
the  precincts  of  the  state  prison,  Pellisson  was  a  Pro- 
testant; he  had  scarcely  left  them  than  he  abjured  his 
faith,  took  orders  in  the  Romish  church,  and  became  one 
of  the  most  zealous  convertisseurs  employed  to  enforce 
the  edicts  promulgated  against  his  quondam  fellow-reli- 
gionists. 

Of  course  Pellisson's  conduct  has  been  appreciated  in 
the  most  contradictorj' manner;  and  whilst  in  some  books 
it  is  still  represented  as  a  highly  meritorious  act,  origin- 
ating with  genuine  faith  and  inspired  by  disinterested 
motives,  on  the  other  hand  there  are  authors  who  assert 
that  it  was  the  hypocritical  adhesion  of  an  ambitious 
time-server  eager  for  promotion,  and  caring  only  for  tem- 
poral advantages.  We  would  not  attempt  to  sit  in  judg- 
ment over  other  people,  but  still  we  think  that  the  favour 
which  Pellisson  obtained  from  Louis  XIV.  subsequently  to 
his  abjuration  tells  rather  against  him.    At  all  events, 


340 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  22. 


the  following  abject  letter  which  he  wrote  to  the  king 
might,  we  conceive,  have  been  withheld  altogether :  — 

"  Sire, — However  profound  mj'  respect  may  be  for  your 
Majesty,  I  felt  it  a  duty  to  do  without  you  the  only  thing 
in  the  world  which  one  ought  not  to  do  from  mere  obe- 
dience to  you." 

M.  Marcou's  volume,  to  conclude,  is  a  useful  contribu- 
tion to  the  history  of  modern  literature,  although  written 
in  too  much  of  an  eulogistic  strain.  It  illustrates  very 
completely  the  transition-epoch  immediately  anterior  to 
the  era  of  Boileau  and  Racine,  and  if  not  directly  relating 
to  a  person  of  extraordinary  merit,  it  embodies  interesting 
details  on  the  reign  of  a  powerful  monarch.  The  appen- 
dix of  letters  collected  together  at  the  end  is  now,  we 
believe,  for  the  first  time  published. 

3.  La  Grammaire  Fi-anfaise  et  les  Grammairiens  du 
XV1<^  Siecle,  par  Ch.  Livet.     8vo.     Paris.    A.  Durand. 

This  interesting  book,  for  which  we  are  indebted  to  a 
gentleman  already  well  known  from  his  literary  researches, 
is  undoubtedly  one  of  the  most  valuable  monuments  raised  i 
by  the  present  generation  to  the  study  of  lexicography,  j 
Amongst  all  the  reforms  accomplished  during  the  six-  | 
teenth  century,  that  which  had  grammar  for  its  object 
was  not  the  least  conspicuous,  and  a  mere  glance  at  M. 
Livet's  treatise  will  show  how  much  remained  to  be  done 
before  the  French  language  attained  that  degree  of  per- 
fection we  find  in  the  writings  of  the  classics  of  the  Louis- 
quatorze  era.  Jacques  Dubois,  Louis  Meigret,  Jacques 
Pelletier,  Guillaume  des  Autels,  and  Peter  Ramus  are  the 
principal  authors  whom  M.  Livet  examines ;  the  account 
he  gives  of  their  labours,  illustrated  as  it  is  by  copious 
notes,  maj'  be  considered  as  a  perfect  commentary  on  all 
French  Grammars.  And  the  Lexique  Compart,  subjoined 
by  way  of  Index,  makes  us  to  trace  the  changes  which 
have  gradually  taken  place  in  the  spelling  of  a  large 
number  of  words.  The  government  of  the  Emperor 
Napoleon  III.  has,  we  understand,  encouraged  M.  Livet's 
undertaking  by  a  handsome  subscription.  We  are  not 
astonished  at  this  decision,  which  is  merely  an  act  of 
strict  justice.  Gustave  Masson. 

Harrow-on-the-IIill. 


R.  B.  I/.  (Taunton).  Does  our  correspondent  still  possess  the  Ballad- 
r^erred  to  in  Tier  communication  ?  If  ?o,  would  she  favour  us  with  a 
sight  of  it,  or  a  copy. 

Glasooessis. 

"  Quern  DeuB  vult,"  &c. 
are  said  to  J>e  Barnes'  translation  of  a  passage  in  Euripides.    See  "  N.  & 
Q."  vol.  i.  347.  351.  421.  476.;  vii.  618.;  viii.  73. 

W.  E.  M.    "  Manchet "  is  bread  of  the  finest  Quality. 

3.  W.    Thomas  Smith  published  An  Historical  Account  of  St.  Mary- 

le-Bone,  6vo.  1833 In  Bohn's  Guinea  Catalogue,  the  best  edition  of 

Minsheu's  Dictionary,  1617,  is  offered  at  18s. 

R.  W.  Hacrwood.  Your  obliging  communication  has  been  forxcarded 
to  Amicus.  ,  , 

liiBTA  is  thanked,  bat  we  believe  every  one  of  the  "  abiding  supersti- 
tions "  has  been  already  recorded  in  "  N.  &  Q."- 

Y.  L.  will  see  that  his  information  has  been  anticipated. 

E.  S.  W.  Rosenhagen's  claim  to  the  authorship  of  Junius  «s  disposed 
of  in  Woodfall's  edition,  i.  21. 

"Notes  and  Qoeries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
ifsued  in  vIonthlv  Pabts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Coptes  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  lis.  4c7.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
farionr  of  Messrs.  Beli.  and  Daldt,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.;  to  whom 
all  Communioatioks  eob  the  Editor  shoidd  be  addreeaed* 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PtTRCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &e.,  of  tlie  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Expositio  HYMNOHnM  Sarpm.    Imperfect  copy.    "Wynkyn  De  Worde. 
Wanted  by  liev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  5.  Chatham  Place  East,  Hackney,  N.  E. 


Prayer.    Folio.    1625. 

4to.    Dublin.    1666. 

Folio.  1B62.  With  the  Form  "  At  the  Heal- 


ing. 
Bull's  Prayers.    24mo.    1610.    An  imperfect  copy. 
Bonner's  Homilies.    1555.    Imperfect,  but  having  the  title. 
Herman's  Relioi  JUS  Consultation.    12jiJ0.  1548.    Imperfect,  but  must 

have  the  last  sheet. 

Wanted  by  JohnS.  Leslie,  Bookseller,  58.  Great  Queen  Street. 


We  have  thisioeek  bean  compelled  to  omit  our  usual  Notes  on  Books,  in- 
cluding  notices  of  The  New  Exegesis  of  Shakspeare  ;  Dr.  Magirm's 
Shakspeare  Papers  ;  Dr.  Anderson's  Dura  Den,  &c. 

Among  other  Papers  of  great  interest  which  will  have  early  insertion, 
are  Kennett,  Strypc  and  the  Complete  History  of  England,  by  liev.  J, 
E.  B-  Mayor ;  Sonnet  attributed  to  Milton  ;  Sir  Richard  Nanfan  and 
Cardinal  Wolsey,  by  Mr.  J.  G.  Nicho(s;  Inscriptions  on  Fly-leaves,  by 
Mr.  Hart:  conclusion  of  Journal,  General  Wolfe  af  Quebec  ;  Rev. 
John  Anderson  of  Dumbarton  ;  Farther  Notes  on  Corn  .^alli^  Papers, 
hy  Mr.  Fitz- Patrick  ;  Anderson  Papers,  No.  5. ;  Gunpowder  Plot,  &c. 

CoNRADE.  If  you  wiU  forward  the  MS.,  we  will  endeavour  to  get  the 
iriformation  vMch  you  require. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

FOB 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 
GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  id,  unstamped;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.  198.  —  October  15th. 

NOTES :  —  Eook-Markers,  by  Professor  De  Morgan  —  Bishop  Bedell,  by 
Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor —  Heralds' Visitations  — Jack  of  Newbury — 
Romance  of  the  Saugraal. 

Minor  Notes  :  _  Nell  Gwynu's  Sister  —  Great  Bells  at  Westminster 
Palace  — Old  St.  Paul's  a  Paving  Quarry  —  Shadows  —  Drjafen's  Re- 
cantation. 

QUERIES :  —  Jacobite  Manuscripts,  by  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Minor  Queries: -Sir  John  Hart— "Sunt  Monachi  nequara"  — The 
First  Marquis  of  Antrim  —  The  Mysterious  Cheque-bearer  _  Mr. 
Willett,  Purchaser  of  Orleans  Pictures— Queenborough  Castle,  Isle 
of  Sheppey  —  The  Mowbray  Family— Texts— Fuller's  Funeral  Ser- 
mon—Archbishop Laud — Seven  Dates  Vacant  —  Symbolical  mean- 
ing of  a  Cloven  Foot—  Dutch  Tragedy,  &c. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  — Sir  John  Bankes  in  I67G  — Mrs.  B. 
Hoole,  afterwards  Hofland  —  E.  H.  Keating's  Dramas  —  Seal  Inscrip- 
tion —  Anna  Liffey  —  The  Termination"  -sex." 

REPLIES: —Lady  Culros's  Dreame  —  Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery 
—  Forged  Assigiiats,  by  E.  C.  Robson  —  Author  of  the  Epistle  to  the 
Hebrews,  by  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries:  —  Eulenepiegel  —  Charles  Bailly,  Secretary 
to  Mary  Queen  of  Scots  —  The  Suffragan  Bishop  of  Ipswich  —  Scotch 
Genealogies :  Jerningham  Family  —  Carriage-boot  —  Cibber's  Apolo- 
gy —  Chatterton  Manuscripts — "  The  Royal  Slave"  —  "Horn  et 
Bimenliild  :  "  Childe  Home"  — Faber  v.  Smith— John  Baynes  — 
Etymology  of  the  word  Battens  —  Rustic  Superstition,  &c. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


A  few  Sets  of  lft)T£S  AND  QUERIES :  — 

First  Series,  12  v^ls.  cloth,  bds.,  price  6?.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  3?.  13s.  6d.  cloth  ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 


B 


ENSON'S         WATCHES. 

"  Perfection  of  mechanism. "  —  Morning  Post. 


Gold,  4  to  100  guineas  :  Silver,  2  to  50  guineas.  Send  2  Stamps  for 
Benson's  Illustrated  Watch  Pamphlet.  Watches  sent  to  aU  parts  of 
the  World  Free  per  Post. 

33.  and  34.  LUDGATE  IIILL,  London,  B.C. 

PIESSE  &  LUBINS'B  HUNGARY  WATER. 

This  Scent  stimulates  the  Memory  and  invigorates  the 

Brain. 

2s.  bottle  ;  10s.  Case  of  Six. 

PSX^rUAXERV  FACTORY, 

2.  NEW  BOND  STREET,  W. 


2»<»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


341 


LOIWON,  SATURDAY,  OCTOBER  29.  1859. 


No.  200.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES :  —  Another  "  Note  to  the  Cornwallis Papers  "  —  No.  2., by  "Wil- 
liam John  Fitz-Patrick,  341  —  Complete  History  of  England:  White 
Kennett;  Jolin  Strypc,  by  Kev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  343  —  Sonnet  supposed 
to  be  by  Milton,  Mi  —  Anderson  Papers  —  No.  5.,  by  C.  D.  Lament, 
315  —  General  Wolfe  at  Quebec,  346  —  Northumbrian  Notes,  by  T. 
Harwood  Pattison,  3^18  —  Inscriptions  on  Fly-leaves,  by  William 
Henry  Hart,  &c.,  349. 

Minor  Notes  :  — Laurence  Sterne  —  Note  on  Chancer:  Sire  Thopas  — 
Oracles  in  Opposition  —  A  Regiment  all  of  one  Name,  350. 

QUERIES :  —  Sir  Thomas  Roe,  by  John  Maclean,  351. 

Minor  Qoeribs  :_  Boyle  Lectures  —  Cooke  of  Gidea  Hall  —  The  "  Te 
Deum  "  interpolated  —  Inscription  in  Yorkshire  —  Oldl  Boodleite — 
Mile.  Sall^,  or  SelW,  Dancer  at  the  Italian  Opera  in  London  — "  The 
Watchman  "  — Ancient  Keys  — D'Angreville:  St.  Maurice,  &c.,  352. 

MiKOR  Queries  with  Answers:  — Nell  Gwyn's  House  at  Windsor  — 
Oath  of  Vargas  —Julius  Csesar's  Dispatch  —  Quarles  —  "  Breeches 
Bible  "  —  Astrological  Prediction  of  Moore's  Almanack,  &c.,  355. 

REPLIES : — Sir  Richard  Nanfan  and  Cardinal  Wolscy,  by  John  Gongh 
Nichols,  357  — Rev.  John  Anderson,Ministerof  Dumbarton,  by  J.  Irv- 
ing, 358  —  Percy  Society's  Edition  of  "Syr  Tryamoure,"  by  Rev. 
Thomas  Boys,  359  — Sale  of  a  Man  and  his  Progeny,  by  W.  B.  Mac 
Cabe,  &c.,  360. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries: — Seal  Inscriptions  —  Abdias  Ashton: 
Robert  Hill  — The  Great  St.  Leger  — Two  Kings  of  Brentford  — 
Book-Markers- "O  whar  got  ye  that  bonnie  blue  bonnet "  — Jaco- 
bite Manuscripts—  Ephraim  Pratt  —  Dr.  Johnson's  Chair  —  Somerset- 
shire Poets—  The  River  Liffcy,  &c.  362. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


Sotetf. 


ANOTHER 


'note  TO  THE  CORNWALLIS  PAPEBS. 
NO.  II. 


Who  corrupted  Mac  Nolly  and  Mac  Quicken  ? — 
In  the  Memoirs  and  Correspondence  of  Marquis 
Cornwallis  (vol.  iii.  p.  320  ),  a  letter  appears  ad- 
dressed by  Mr.  Secretary  Cooke  to  the  Lord-Lieu- 
tenant, in  which  various  persons  are  recommended, 
including  Mac  Nally  and  Mac  Guicken,  as  fit  re- 
cipients for  a  share  in  the  1500^.  per  annum  whicli 
in  1799  had  been  placed  for  secret  service  at 
his  excellency's  disposal.  Mr.  Cooke  thus  con- 
cludes :  — 

"  Pollock's  services  ought  #  be  thought  of.  He  ma- 
naged Mac ,  and  Mac  Guicken,  and  did  much.    He 

received  the  place  of  Clerk  of  the  Crown  and  Peace,  and 
he  has  the  fairest  right  to  indemnification." 

Mr.  Charles  Ross,  the  editor,  reminds  his 
readers  that  "Mac"  is  "Leonard  Mac  Nally, 
Esq.,^  a  barrister  of  some  reputation,  son  of  a 
Dublin  merchant,  who  was  regularly  employed 
by  the  rebels,  and  was  entirely  in  their  confidence. 
He  was  author  of  various  plays,  and  other  works  ; 
born  1752,  died  1820." 

It  may  interest  the  students  of  that  eventful 
period  of  Irish  history  to  learn  some  account  of 
the  unscrupulous  and  wily  person  who  succeeded, 
on  behalf  of  the  government,  in  corrupting  the 
counsel  and  solicitor  of  the  unhappy  men  who 
staked  their  lives  and  fortunes  for  Ireland.  On 
this  negociation  some  calamitous  and  important 
events  hinged.  For  almost  every  name  mentioned 
in  the  Cornwallis  Correspondence  Mr.  Ross  has 
furnished  an  explanatory  foot-note.  In  the  page 
following  the  mention  of  Mr.  Pollock's  name  the 
editor  says  :   "  It  has  been   found  impossible  to 


ascertain  anything  in  regard  to  most  of  these  in- 
dividuals;" and  as  we  have  no  note  relative  to 
Mr.  Pollock,  it  may  be  presumed  that  Mr.  Ross 
knows  little  or  nothing  of  him. 

Half  a  century  ago  John  Pollock  was  a  well- 
known  solicitor  in  Dublin.  In  the  Dublin  Direc- 
tory for  1777  his  name  appears  for  the  first  time, 
and  his  residence  is  given  as  "31.  Mary  Street." 
In  1781  he  removed  to  12.  Anne  Street,  and  in 
1784  to  Jervis  Street.  At  this  time,  as  recorded 
in  the  Directory,  he  practised  at  the  Courts  of 
King's  Bench,  Chancery,  and  Exchequer.  In 
1786,  Mr.  Pollock  was  appointed  "  Solicitor  to 
the  Trustees  of  the  Linen  Manufacture  ;"  in  1788, 
"  Clerk  of  the  Report  Office  of  the  High  Court  of 
Chancery;"  in  1791,  " Transcriptor  and  Foreign 
Appos.  of  the  Court  of  Exchequer;"  in  1793, 
Registrar  to  the  Hon.  Judge  Downes  * ;  and  in 
1795,  Clerk  of  the  Crown  and  Peace  for  the  Pro- 
vince of  Leinster,  and  Clerk  of  the  Peace  for  the 
County  of  Dublin.  In  the  year  1800,  Mr.  Pol- 
lock is  gazetted  to  the  enormous  sinecure  of 
"  Clerk  of  the  Pleas  of  the  Exchequer." 

It  has  been  said  that  the  man  who  corrupted 
Mac  Nally  and  Mac  Guicken  deserves  a  share  of 
the  obloquy  which  has  been  cast  without  stint  on 
their  reputations  ;  and  it  perhaps  becomes  my 
duty  to  embalm,  as  far  as  possible,  Mr.  Pollock's 
memory. 

The  MS.  volume,  already  noticed,  containing 
an  "  Account  of  Secret  Service  Money  Expendi- 
ture employed  in  detecting  Treasonable  Con- 
spiracies," chronicles  the  frequent  payment  of 
pecuniary  stimuli  to  Mr.  Pollock.  On  Dec.  11, 
1797,  300/.  is  recorded:  "April  20,  1798,  John 
Pollock,  llOZ.,"  appears.  June  15,  109/.  7s.  6</.; 
August  18,  56Z.  17«.  Qd. ;  August  28,  ditto ;  Sep. 
14,  ditto;  and  on  January  18,  1799,  the  large 
sum  of  1137Z.  10«.  arrests  attention.  There  are, 
however,  various  other  payments  to  Mr.  Pollock, 
which  it  might  seem  tedious  to  enumerate. 

As  soon  as  he  received  the  enormous  sinecure 
of  Deputy  Clerk  of  the  Pleas,  Mr.  Pollock  re- 
moved from  Jervis  Street  to  No.  11.  Mountjoy 

Square  East,  where,  as  I  am  informed  by  M 

S ,  Esq.,  he  lived  in  a  style  of  lavish  magni- 
ficence, and  spent  not  less  than  9000/.  a  year. 
This  reign  of  luxury  lasted  until  the  year  1817, 
when  Mr.  Pollock  was  suddenly  hurled  from  his 
throne. 

The  sinecure  office  of  Clerk  of  the  Pleas  of  the 
Exchequer  had  been,  "  in  some  measure,  created 
for  Lord  Buckinghamshire"  as  a  reward  for  his 
important  services  in  India  f,  as  well  as  in  Ire- 
land, when  discharging  the  services  of  Chief  Se- 

*  William  Downes,  called  to  the  Bar  1776:  elevated 
to  the  Bench  1792:  created  Lord  Downes  1822.  Died 
unmarried,  March  2,  1826. 

t  Sketches  of  Irish  Political  Characters,  London,  1799, 
p.  49. 


342 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°<i  S.  Vlir.  Oct.  29.  '69. 


cretary.  Sir  J.  Newport  declared  in  parliament 
on  April  29,  1816,  that  his  lordship's  fees  had 
amounted  to  35,000/.  per  annum.  Lord  Bucking- 
hamshire died  on  Feb.  5  in  that  year.  From  the 
Dublin  Evening  Post  of  Feb.  20,  1817,  we  learn 
that 

«  Mr.  Pollock  still  continues  to  fulfil  the  duties  of  the 
office,  and  the  writs  which  had  been  authenticated  by  the 
signature  of '  Buckinghamshire,'  are  now  signed  *  John 
Pollock.'  " 

The  duties  of  the  office  were  most  indolently 
and  inefficiently  discharged  :  "  Purchasers  can 
have  no  security,"  observes  the  same  authority ; 
"  we  have  been  informed  of  a  judgment  of  10,000/. 
omitted  in  a  certificate." 

"  It  is  one  of  the  most  lucrative  and  unnecessary  offices 
in  the  country,"  continues  the  Post :  "  all  the  duty  is  per- 
formed bj'  the  deputy,  Mr.  Pollock,  who  derives  about 
5000/.  a  year.  All  this  is  made  up  of  fees  on  the  distri- 
bution of  Justice  in  a  single  Court  of  Law.  If  this  un- 
necessary office  were  now  extinguished,  how  much  would 
it  cheapen  Justice  to  the  Public.  What  a  number  of 
poor  suitors  would  then  procure  justice,  who  are  now 
excluded  from  its  benefits  by  their  poverty." 

But  the  estimate  of  the  Post  would  seem  to 
have  been  "  under  the  mark."  On  Monday,  April 
29,  Leslie  Foster  declared  that  Mr.  Pollock  "drew 
10,000/.  out  of  the  profits,  and  on  which  he  ought 
to  pay  the  salaries  of  the  other  clerks ;  but  instead  of 
this,  he  pocketed  the  whole  of  the  money,  leaving 
them  to  raise  the  fees  upon  the  suitors  on  no  other 
authority  than  their  own  assumptions ! " 

The  peculation  upon  which  Mr.  Pollock  had  so 
long  fattened  soon  began  to  enkindle  a  wide  sen- 
sation. A  commission  of  inquiry  was  held,  and 
some  startling  facts  came  to  light.  Mr.  Leslie 
Foster,  afterwards  Chief  Baron  Foster,  ob- 
served : 

"  To  show  the  progress  of  abuse  he  might  pursue  the 
history  of  the  place  held  bj'  this  Deputy.  In  1803,  his 
profits  amounted  to  3000/.  a  year.  After  that  time  the 
office  was  placed  under  regulations  which  reduced  its 
emoluments  to  one-third ;  and  in  consideration  of  what 
was  called  the  vested  right  of  the  possessor,  he  received  a 
compensation  of  2000/.,  which,  joined  to  his  fees,  made 
up  3000/.,  his  original  income.  Instead  of  being  worth 
8000/.,  at  present  the  office  yielded  7000/.  a  3'eai',  having 
increased  5000/.  since  1803 :  'which,  with  a  compensation 
of  2000/.  for  anticipated  loss,  amounted  to  the  7000/.  men- 
tioned. AH  these  abuses  spring  from  the  circumstance 
that  the  power  of  taxation  is  lodged  in  the  hands  of 
officers  who  were  interested  in  the  sums  they  imposed,  or 
in  the  abuses  they  connived  at." 

■  At  this  time,  as  appears  from  the  Directory, 
Mr.  Pollock  not  only  held  the  lucrative  office  of 
Crown  Solicitor,  but  various  sinecures  besides. 
The  Cornwallis  Papers  had  not  then  divulged  that 
all  this  emolument  and  peculation  was  nothing 
more  nor  less  than  the  wages  earned  by  the  cor- 
ruptor  of  Mac  Nally  and  Mac  Guicken ! 

It  farther  appeared  that  13,000/.  extra  had 
been  seized  upon  and  squandered  by  understrap- 
pers.   The  commissioners  pursued  their  inquiries. 


"  They  unexpectedly  discovered,"  records  the  Post 
of  Maj'  4,  1817,  "an  apparently  humble  Satellite  who 
obtained  an  income  of  1300/.  per  annum  from  fees ;  and 
who,  without  being  ambitious  of  even  the  celebrit}'  which 
an  almanack  confers,  quietly  revolved  about  the  brilliant 
orb  of  his  Superior,  as  much  unknown  to  the  Public  as 
any  of  the  satellites  of  Jupiter." 

A  more  monstrous  labyrinth  of  inveterate 
abuses  had  never  before  been  explored.  Im- 
peachment became  unavoidable  ;  and  we  find  the 
Attorney- General  Saurin  bringing  forward  nine 
distinct  charges  against  Mr.  Pollock.  One  para- 
graph will  suffice  for  a  specimen  :  — 

"  With  respect  to  the  taxation  of  costs,  the  officer  has 
exercised  an  arbitrary  »nd  discretionary  power  in  de- 
manding fees;  and  that  the  fees  received  have,  in 
some  instances,  exceeded  the  amount  of  the  costs  them- 
selves." 

In  the  Court  of  Exchequer,  July  1,  1817,  the 
Chief  Baron  O'Grady,  afterwards  Lord  Guilla- 
more,  passed  judgment  on  Mr.  Pollock.  He  thus 
concluded :  — 

"  And  whatever  regret  we  may  feel  in  respect  to  an 
officer  many  years  in  office,  who  has  so  long  acquitted 
himself  to  our  entire  satisfaction,  proved  b}'  his  being 
reinstated  when  the  office  lately  became  vacant  by  the 
death  of  Lord  Buckinghamshire,  his  appointment  being 
had  with  the  full  approbation  of  his  Majesty's  govern- 
ment —  while  we  urge  these  topics  of  panegyric,  we  are 
obliged  to  declare,  from  the  acts  lateh'-  for  the  first  time 
come  to  our  knowledge,  that  he  has  abused  his  duty  — 
abused  his  discretion  —  he  has  done  acts  without  autho- 
rity—  by  accepting  gratuities  he  has  degraded  the  Court 

—  he  has  permitted  fictitious  charges,  and  has  raised  the 
fees  of  this  Court  to  bring  them  to  the  level  of  higher 
fees  of  other  Courts,  instead  of  bringing  down  what 
was  highest  to  the  level  of  those  that  were  lower — these 
acts  have  tended  to  a  perverse  and  mal-admiuistration  of 
Justice ;  and  it  is,  therefore,  due  to  the  Public  —  to  the 
ends  of  Justice — to  the  authoritj'  and  purity  of  the  Court 

—  to  the  maintaining  of^e  Court's  authority  over  its 
own  officer  —  and  to  the  entl  of  the  officer  presiding  with 
effect  over  those  under  him,  that  Mr.  Pollock  be  removed ; 
and  he  is  hereby  removed  from  the  office  of  Deputy 
Clerk  of  the  Pleas  of  this  Court." 

The  Correspondent  and  Saunders  of  the  day  do 
not  report  the  case.  The  foregoing  has  been  ex- 
tracted from  the  Freeman  s  Journal.  At  the  period 
in  question,  it  does  not  seem  to  have  been  always 
easy  for  reporters  to  obtain  access  to  courts  of 
law  during  the  progress  of  peculiar  cases.  The 
Freeman  of  July  12,  1817,  devotes  a  leading 
article  to  the  discussion  of  a  petulant  remark 
made  by  Mr.  Jackson  (Lord  Chief  Justice  Nor- 
bury's  registrar)  to  the  effect  that  "he  would  pre- 
vent the  Court  from  being  turned  into  a  printing 
office.''' 

Mr.  S tells  me  that  he  remembers  having 

noticed  with  some  pain  the  once  swaggering  and 
influential  John  Pollock  reduced  to  comparative 
poverty  and  prostration.  Mr.  Pollock  did  not 
long  survive  his  humiliation.  About  the  year 
1818,  he  died,  I  believe  childless  ;  and  there  is  no 
one  now  living,  so  far  as  I  know,  who  could  feel 


2»«  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


343 


hurt  by  these  details.     Leonard  Mac  Nally  saw 
his  seducer  consigned  to  the  grave. 

William  John  FitzPateick. 

Kilmacud  Manor,  Dublin. 

P.S.  It  is  worth  mentioning  as  a  postscriptum 
that  the  Chief  Baron  O'Grady  claimed  the  right 
of  patronage  in  the  appointment  of  successors  to 
Lord  Buckinghamshire  and  Mr.  Pollock  ;  and 
having  actually  named  his  son  and  brother  to  the 
enormous  sinecures,  a  wide  sensation  became  en- 
kindled, which  resulted  in  an  elaborate  public  trial 
of  the  judge's  right.  One  of  Plunkett's  greatest 
bar-efforts  was  made  upon  this  memorable  occa- 
sion. 


COMPLETE     history     OF     ENGLAND  :    WHITE     KEN- 
NETT:    JOHN    STRYPE. 

The  question  of  the  editorship  of  the  three 
volumes  known  as  Kennetfs  Complete  History  of 
England  has  from  the  date  of  their  publication 
been  so  variously  answered,  that  it  seems  worth 
while  to  collect  the  existing  evidence  on  the  sub- 
ject. 

In  Reliquios  Heamiance  (i.  ]  41.)  we  read  :  "Mr. 
Took  told  Sir  Philip  Sydenham  that  he  paid  2p0 
libs  for  his  share  in  the  three  vols,  of  English  his- 
torians, besides  about  100  libs  that  it  cost  him  in 
treats."  On  which  Dr.  Bliss  remarks  :  "  It  should 
be  remembered  that  bishop  Kennett  always  denied 
having  anything  to  do  with  this  publication ;  it 
^as  however,  and  still  is,  generally  known  by  the 
title  of  Kennett's  History  of  England."  Hearne 
again  ascribes  the  book  to  Kennett  (ibid.  p.  371.). 
These  two  passages  in  Hearne  occur  under  the 
dates  Oct.  1,  1708,  and  April  24,  1717.  In  the 
interval  (Dec  3,  1711),  Kennett  wrote  to  Hearne, 
who  had  cited  as  his  the  notes  on  the  Life  of 
Hen.  IV.  in  vol.  i.  of  the  collection  of  historians. 
But  Kennett's  contradiction,  far  from  bearing 
out  Dr.  Bliss's  statement,  distinctly  implies  that 
for  a  portion  of  the  work  he  was  responsible.  His 
words  are  {Letters  from  the  Bodleian,  i.  225.)  : 
"  I  do  assure  you,  I  was  not  the  author,  publisher, 
or  reviser  of  that  volume,  or  of  any  note  or  line  in 
it ;  as  any  one  of  the  booksellers  could  have  in- 
formed you." 

From  the  Letters  hy  John  Hughes,  Esq.  and 
several  other  Eminent  Persons  Deceased,  of  which 
the  second  edition  was  published  by  John  Dun- 
combe,  M.A.  in  1773  (3  vols.  8vo.),  we  gain  more 
precise  information  :  — 

"In  the  same  year  [1706]  a  'Complete  History  of 
England '  being  undertaken  by  the  booksellers,  on  a  plan 
recommended  by  Sir  William  Temple,  our  author  under- 
took to  collect  the  materials  for  the  two  first  volumes, 
and  gave  an  account  of  them  in  a  very  judicious  intro- 
duction. This  work  was  continued  and  completed  by 
Dr.  Kennet,  whose  name  it  bears."  —  Vol.  i.  p.  viii. 

The  plan  of  Sir  W.  Temple  is  described  at  length 


by  his  chaplain,  Thomas  Swift,  a  cousin  of  the 
Dean,  in  a  letter  (Feb.  14th,  169^,  ibid.  i.  1-8.) 
to  Bentley  the  bookseller.  It  was  in  most  parti- 
culars followed  by  the  editors  of  the  Complete 
History. 

A  similar  account  is  given  by  John  Nichols 
{Lit.  Anecd.  i.  325.  396.),  who  also  refers  to  three 
replies  which  Kennett's  volume  called  forth  (i.  44. 
602.;  ii.  134.). 

The  preface  and  tables  of  contents  to  the  Com- 
plete History  attribute  the  translation  of  Godwin's 
Qu.  Mary  to  Mr.  J.  Hughes,  that  of  Camden's 
Elizabeth  to  Mr.  Davis,  &c.,  the  notes  on  Wilson's 
James  I.  to  Dr.  Welwood,  those  on  Buck's 
Kichard  III.,  and  Godwin's  Qu.  Mary  to  "Mr. 
Sti-ipe,  an  industrious  Antiquary."  OfHayward's 
Edward  VI.  it  is  said  :  "  An  impartial  Censure  of 
this  Author  is  prefix'd  to  his  Book  by  Mr.  Stripey 
to  which  the  Reader  is  referr'd." 

Mr.  Nichols  seems  to  have  questioned  the  accu- 
racy of  this  statement,  as  he  speaks  {Lit.  Anecd.  i. 
396.)  of  "  notes  said  to  be  inserted  by  Mr. 
Strype."  It  is  certainly  singular  that  a  portion 
of  Strype's  contributions,  though  promised  in 
the  preface  to  both  editions,  appears  in  neither. 
Writing  to  Thoresby  (July  1,  1707,  in  Thoresby 
Correspondence,  i.  57.),  Strype  complains  :  — 

"Among  these  papers,  you  have  a  preface,  whicb  I 
made  to  stand  before  Hayward's  Life  of  King  Edward 
the  Sixth,  as  it  is  reprinted  in  the  late  History  of  the 
Kings,  and  should  have  been  printed  in  that  edition,  but 
was  dropped,  I  know  not  how,  though  it  was  promised 
and  referred  to  in  the  general  preface  before  that  history. 
I  therefore  printed  a  few  of  them,  to  bestow  upon  my 
friends." 

In  a  volume  of  original  letters  addressed  tO' 
Strype,  which,  by  the  kindness  of  Mr.  Baumgart- 
ner,  has  now  found  its  natural  home  in  the  Cam- 
bridge University  library,  are  two  which  relate  to 
this  subject :  — 

"  London,  August  2^,  1705. 

«S', 

"  When  j'ou  come  next  to  Town  (j'®  sooner  y" 
better)  I  desire  you'l  please  to  call  upon  me,  for  we  would 
willingly  speak  w*'^  you  again,  about  assisting  us  in  Our 
English  History. 

"  I  am, 

"S--, 
"  yo""  humble  Serv*, 

"  Heury  Bonwicke." 
The  letter  is  addressed  — 

"  For  y«  Rever'i  M""  Strj-pe,  at  Low-Leyton,  Essex." 

Strype  has  endorsed  it,  "  Mr.  Hen.  Bonwick 
the  Bookseller ;  "  and  notes  :  — 

"  The  Booksellers  were  printing  y®  Complete  History  of 
England,  i.  e.  The  Lives  of  y»  Kings  &  Queens.  I 
added  Annotations  to  V  History  of  Rich.  HI.,  K.  Edward 
VI.  &  Q.  Mary." 

Another  letter  from  Bonwicke  :  — 


"Sr, 


"London,  August  7'^,  1705. 


"  I  have  consulted  my  Partners,  and  they  are  will- 
ing to  comply  w***  y°^  Termes,  tho'  they  think  'em  hard, 


344 


AZOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '69. 


&  we  hope  notwithstanding  y"  other  matters  you  are 
engajfed  in,  you'l  be  able  to  finnish  (sic')  ours,  in  about 
two  Months  time.  I  shall  be  glad  to  see  you  when  j'ou 
come  to  Town,  &  y«  Books  shall  be  sent  j'OU  as  soon  as 
you  please  by, 

"S^ 

"  yo'  humble  Serv*. 

"Henky  Bonwicke." 

J.  E.  B.  MA.TOE. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

P.S.  For  the  sake  of  completeness  I  may  cite 
the  gossip  of  the  Notes  to  The  Dunciad,  ii.  283. : — 

"  Being  emploj'ed  by  bishop  Kennet,  in  publishing  the 
historians  in  his  collection,  he  [Oldmixon]  falsified  Daniel's 
Chronicle  in  numberless  places." 

Kennett's  own  words,  in  his  letter  to  Hearne, 
sufficiently  prove  the  falsehood  of  this  statement 
as  far  as  it  concerns  him. 


SONNET    SUPPOSED    TO    BE    BT    MILTON. 

In  a  copy  of -Alexander  Ross's  Mel  Heliconium, 
1646,  on  the  back  of  the  title-page  is  the  fol- 
lowing sonnet :  — 

"  On  Mel  Heliconium  Written  by 
Mr.  RossE  Chaplain  to  his  Ma"^- 

These  shapes,  of  old  transfigurd  hy  y^  charms 
Of  wanton  Ouid,  waVned  ivi^  the  alarmes 
Of  powerfull  Rosse,  gaine  nobler  formes ;  Sc 

try 
The  force  of  a  diviner  Alchimy. 

Soe  the  queint  Chimist  ,      ingenious  power 

From  calcyn^d  hearles  extracts  a  glorious  flower : 
Soe  bees  tofraight  their  thimy  cells  produce 
From  poisonous    weedes   a  sweet  Sj"   loholesome 

juyce,"" — J.  M. 
The  volume  contalninp;  the  sonnet  belongs  to 
William  Tite,  Esq.,  M.P.,  and  was,  with  other 
relics,  exhibited  at  the  meeting  of  the  British 
Association  in  Aberdeen  in  September.  Mr.  Tite 
supposed  the  sonnet  to  be  the  composition  of 
Milton.  This  was  questioned  in  one  of  the  local 
newspapers,  and  Mr.  Tite  explained  :  — 

"  The  book  in  question,"  he  said,  "has  been  twice  sold 
in  London  within  the  last  three  j'ears —  first  at  Messrs. 
Puttick  &  Simpson's,  and  next  (when  I  bought  it)  at 
Messrs.  Sotheby  &  Wilkinson's — its  authenticity  was  not 
questioned  at  either  sale ;  and  I  satisfied  myself,  by  its 
distinctive  character  as  handwriting,  and  the  opinions  of 
those  who  knew  Milton's  hand  well,  that  there  was  no 
doubt  of  its  authenticit}'.  The  book  was  carefully  pre- 
served in  a  cloth  case,  apparently  about  the  time  of  the 
printing  of  the  book  itself.  The  price  it  realised  at  both 
sales  was  some  slight  proof  of  the  correctness  of  their 
opinions.  I  called  the  attention  of  my  friend,  Mr.  Bohn 
of  London,  to  the  writing,  and  he  authorises  me  to  say 
that  he  knows  Milton's  autograph  well,  and  that  he  en- 
tertains no  doubt  whatever  that  the  sonnet  and  the 
initials  are  in  Milton's  handwriting.  Your  critic,  how- 
ever, saj-s  '  that  Milton's  hand  is  strongly  marked,'  in 


which  opinion  I  entirely  agree,  and  if  he  will  compare 
this  sonnet  with  the  fac-similes  given  at  the  end  of  the 
first  volume  of  the  admirable  Life  of  Milton  bj'  Mr.  Mas- 
son,  published  this  5'ear,  of  which  there  are  several  copies 
in  Aberdeen,  he  will  see  specimens  of  Milton's  writing  so 
exactly  like  mine  in  character  that  it  appears  to  me 
impossible  to  entertain  any  doubt  on  the  subject." 

Mr.  Tite  farther  says  of  Ross  and  his  book :  — 

"  He  was  a  most  voluminous  writer,  and  had  the  ill 
fortune  to  be  outrageously  praised  by  Sir  Thomas  Urqu- 
hart  of  Cromarty,  believed  hy  me  to  be  '  the  ancient 
sage  philosopher  '  referred  to  by  Butler.  It  is  not  diflBi- 
cult  to  imagine —  regard  being  had  to  the  antecedents  of 
both  these  writers — that  the  satirist  was  not  particularly 
pleased  with  either  the  piiilosopher  or  the  poet ;  but  his 
reference  to  the  poet  may  only  have  had  reference  to  the 
enormous  quantitj'  of  his  writings,  for  I  venture  to  think 
he  was  no  mean  poet,  as  the  sonnet  I  shall  presently  give 
will  perhaps  show.  But  Urquhart  was  certainly  the 
most  extravagant  of  pedants,  and  was  not  unfairly 
satirised  by  Butler's  lines,  two  of  which,  not  so  often 
quoted  as  the  two  first,  sutficiently  refer  to  Urquhart's 
ridiculous  book. 

"  The  whole  reference  of  Butler  is  as  follows :  which  I 
beg  to  be  allowed  to  give  here,  because  the  two  first  are 
in  every  one's  mouth,  and,  as  Addison  says, '  though  the 
merest  doggrel,  are  more  frequently  quoted  than  the 
finest  pieces  of  wit  in  the  whole  A'olume.'  Butler  begins 
his  second  canto  thus  — 

"  '  There  was  an  ancient  sage  philosopher, 
That  had  read  Alexander  Rosse  over ; 
And  swore  the  world,  as  he  could  prove. 
Was  made  of  fighting  and  of  love.' 

"  Whatever  might  be  Butler's  opinion  of  Boss,  how- 
ever, he  lived  and  died  a  *  prosperous  gentleman,'  in 
1654,  at  the  age  of  sixty-five  —  leaving  to  the  Town 
Council  of  Aberdeen,  his  native  place,  200/.  for  the  foun- 
dation of  two  bursaries.  I  could  give  many  specimens 
of  his  merit  as  a  poet  from  the  book  which  has  led  to 
these  remarks,  but  cannot  ask  you  to  do  more  than  to 
insert  the  following,  which  is  a  spiritualising  of  the 
fable  of  Apollo  and  the  Python : — 

"  *  APOLLO. 

*'  *  When  God  out  of  rude  chaos  drew  the  light 
Which  cleared  away  the  long  confused  night. 
O'er  all  this  all  it  did  display 
Its  golden  beams,  and  made  the  day. 
So,  when  mankinde  did  in  the  chaos  lie 
Of  ignorance,  and  grosse  idolatry. 
Then  did  arise  *  a  light,'  '  a  star,' 
Brighter  than  sun  or  moon  by  far  — 
Who,  with  his  fulgent  beams,  did  soon  disperse 
The  vapours  of  this  little  universe : 
Till  then,  no  morning  did  arise. 
Nor  sparkling  stars  to  paint  the  skies. 
This  is  that  sun,  this  is  '  The  Woman's  seed,' 
Who  with  his  arrows  wounded  Pj-thon's  head ; 
'Tis  he  who  killed  the  Gj-ants  all 
Which  were  the  causes  of  our  fall ; 
He  is  that '  Shepherd  '  which  in  flow'ry  meads 
Doth  feed  his  wandering  flock :  and  then  he  leads 
Them  to  a  brook  which  softly  glides, 
And  with  his  shepherd's  crook  them  safely  guides.' " 

The  critic  in  the  Aberdeen  Herald^  was  still 
unconvinced,  and  replied  to  Mr.  Tite  in  the  fol- 
lowing terms:  — 

"  Xo  critical  reader  of  Milton  can  for  a  moment  believe 
that  in  mature  life  he  could  have  written  such  lines  as 


2'"i  S.  VIIL  Oct.  29.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


345 


the  above.  In  his  early  academic  career,  the  great  poet 
threw  off  some  careless  copies  of  verses  (such  as  those  on 
Hobson  the  carrier)  which  are  rugged  and  imperfect  in 
style  and  conception.  But  the  sonnet  in  dispute  must 
have  been  written  in  or  after  the  year  1646  —  the  date  of 
Mr.  Tite's  copy  of  the  '  Mel  Heliconium '  —  and  at  that 
time  Milton  was  in  his  thirty-eighth  year,  or  more.  Ross 
was  a  roj'-alist  and  churchman,  and  is  supposed  to  have 
derived  his  appointments  from  Laud,  to  whom,  in  the 
dedication  of  one  of  his  works,  he  expresses  his  obliga- 
tions. Milton,  on  the  other  hand,  was  a  Republican  and 
Puritan.  He  had,  in  1638,  in  his  poem  of  Lj'cidas,  de- 
nounced the  church,  and  menaced  Laud  with  the  axe 
and  scaffold.  In  his  controversial  prose  works,  Milton 
assailed  the  prelates  and  court  chaplains  in  the  most  un- 
measured and  virulent  terms,  and  in  his  '  Areopagitica ' 

—  that  noblest  of  political  treatises  —  he  had  vindicated 
the  inalienable  right  of  Englishmen  to  free  speech  and 
unlicensed  writing,  which  Laud  and  the  prelates  laboured 
to  extinguish.  Can  it  be  believed  that,  after  all  this, 
the  Republican  poet  should  have  sat  down  to  pen  a  com- 
plimentarj'  sonnet  to  '  Mr.  Ross,  Chaplain  to  her  Majestj-.' 
The  words  'Chaplain  to  her  Majesty '  must  have  stuck  in 
his  throat  like  Macbeth's  '  Amen.'  But  still  more  un- 
tenable is  the  idea  that  Milton  could  have  called  the 
court  chaplain  'powerful  Ross.'  That  he,  who  was  so 
chary  of  all  acknowledgment  of  his  contemporaries,  who 
guarded  his  self-respect  with  jealous  dignitj',  and  was 
distinguished,  as  he  himself  confessed,  by  a  certain  se- 
verity of  taste  and  judgment,  should  have  awarded  to 
the  garrulous,  pedantic  Alexander  Ross  an  amount  of 
distinction  and  praise  —  exalting  him  even  above  Ovid ! 

—  which  he  denied  to  his  most  illustrious  compeers,  is  a 
supposition  utterly  incredible.  All  internal  evidence  and 
analogy  is  against  such  a  conclusion.  With  respect  to 
external  evidence,  we  may  notice  that  the  sonnet  does  not 
profess  to  be  the  composition  of  Milton.  It  bears  only 
the  initials  '  J.  M.'  Those  letters  are  not  unlike  the 
authentic  writing  of  Milton,  but  the  style  was  not  un- 
common. Let  Mr.  Tite  look  at  the  signature  of  Marston, 
the  dramatic  poet  and  satirist,  of  which  a  fac-simile  is 
given  in  Collier's  Bridgewater  Catalogue,  and  he  will 
find  that  the  form  of  the  two  letters  is  precisely  the  same. 
Marston,  however,  was  dead  before  1646,  and,  in  the 
absence  of  any  direct  proof,  we  should  be  disposed  to 
assign  the  sonnet  to  another  minor  poet  of  that  period, 
Jasper  Mayne,  who,  like  Ross,  was  a  royalist,  and  who 
was  one  of  the  divines  appointed  to  preach  before  Charles 
I.  at  Oxford.  Mayne  translated  Luciau's  Dialogues  and 
Donne's  Latin  Epigrams ;  and  from  his  poetical  tastes 
and  capacity,  no  less  than  from  his  political  and  eccle- 
siasticai  position,  was  just  the  person  to  compliment 
Alexander  Ross,  court  chaplain,  as  '  powerful  Ross.' 
The  slight  resemblance  of  the  '  J.  M.'  of  the  sonnet  to 
Milton's  initials  proves  nothing  as  opposed  to  the  almost 
insuperable  internal  evidence  against  the  identity  of  the 
parties,  and  the  lines  themselves  do  not  appear  to  us  to 
bear  any  close  resemblance  to  the  genuine  handwriting  of 
Milton.  Mr.  Tite  and  Mr.  Bohn  think  otherwise,  and 
yve  admit  that  this  is  a  point  on  which  men  will  enter- 
tain different  opinions.  The  identity  of  handwriting, 
like  the  resemblance  of  portraits,  is  very  difficult  to 
determine.  But  all  Milton's  genuine  manuscripts  seem 
to  us  to  be  written  in  a  broader  and  firmer  character 
than  the  writing  of  this  sonnet.  Before  1G46,  the  poet's 
eyesight  had  begun  to  fail,  and  he  wrote  strongly, 
charging  his  pen  fully  with  ink.  In  a  few  more  years, 
all  was  dark,  irrecoverably  dark,  and  it  is  the  interest 
attaching  to  this  part  of  the  poet's  historj'  that  led  us  to 
look  minutely  at  his  handwriting.  We  have  traced  it 
through  the  Cambridge  MSS.  and  the  records  of  the 
State  Paper  OflEice,  and  should  grieve  to  think  that  even 


a  passing  shade  might  rest  on  the  memory  of  the  great 
poet  from  his  being  recognised  as  the  author  of  this  poor 
and  servile  sonnet." 

It  seemed  to  me,  as  to  others,  that  "  N.  &  Q." 
was  the  proper  place  for  preserving  the  supposed 
production  by  Milton,  and  the  controversy  as  to 
its  genuineness.  D.  (1.) 


ANDEBSON   PAPERS.  —  NO.  V. 

I  trust  the  enclosed  will  be  considered  worthy  of 
a  place  in  "N.  &  Q."  ;  it  is  No.  5.  of  "  Anderson's 
Papers,"  a  copy  of  a  letter  from  Neil  Campbell, 
minister  of  Rosneath,  Moderator  of  the  Synod, 
to  John  Anderson  of  Dumbarton.  It  should 
have  properly  come  before  the  letter  from  T. 
Martine,  Oct.  1715  (2°'^  S.  vii.  413.),  as  it  pre- 
cedes it  in  date.  The  writer  was  evidently  in 
direct  communication  with  those  at  head-quar- 
ters, and  his  information  was  likely  to  be  good 
and  trustworthy.  The  move  of  the  French  and 
Spanish  governments  in  disbanding  their  British 
mercenaries,  and  thus  giving  the  Pretender  a 
force  of  18,000  disciplined  men,  is  noteworthy. 
The  fierce  party  feud  of  Argyle  and  Montrose 
seems  the  home  pivot  upon  which  the  rebellion 
turned,  the  Lord-Lieutenancy  of  the  important 
county  of  Dumbarton,  a  valuable  card  in  either 
hand,  being  the  special  bone  of  contention.  The 
game  is  a  tough  one,  with  Argyle,  Townsend,  and 
Stanhope,  against  Montrose  and  the  Jacobites. 

«  Rossneath  8  August  1715 
"Nine  at  night 
«  R(everend)  &  D(ear)  B(rother) 
"  About  half  ane  hour  before  j-^our  express  came  here 
the  Lady  Ardkinless*  was  at  my  house  who  told  me 
that  some  braemenf  came  down  on  their  land  in  the 
night  tyme  and  caried  away  some  horses,  but  as  yet 
they  have  attempted  nothing  with  daylight  or  be  way  of 
harshipj,  however  the  opperations  among  them  are  so 
vigorous  that  we  cannot  be  too  early  in  our  precautions, 
and  I  tiuely  think  it  lyes  much  on  us  to  animate  the 
people  to  exerte  themselves  on  this  occaisiou  for  our  all 
in  everj'  respect  is  at  stake  if  I  get  any  accounts  worth 
Sending  Express  with  —  you  may  be  sure  to  have  fm 
(them)  very  soone.  This  night  I  have  letters  from  M"^ 
John  at  London,  and  find  there  is  now  no  roume  left  to 
doubt  of  ane  Invasion  The  Ffrench  King  has  disbanded 
all  the  British  and  Irish  in  his  service  as  the  K.(ing)  of 
Spain  has  done  also  and  they  instantly  took  on  with  the 
P.§(rince),  thej'  make  eighteen  thousand  men,  there  is  a 

*  "Lady  Ardkinless."  I  suppose  the  widow  of  Sir 
Colin  Campbell  of  Ardkinglas. 

f  "Braemen,"  Highland  catturans  or  thieves  —  men 
from  the  brae-hill. 

X  "  Harship  "  (properly  hairship),  systematic  plunder 
bj'  armed  bands.  In  this  letter  we  see  the  kindling  of 
that  fierce  feud  between  the  Campbell  and  the  Graham, 
whose  brands  our  old  friend  Rob  Roj'  (S""*  S.  vi.  495.),  as 
we  saw,  so  kicked  about.  Here  is  the  first  sputtering  of 
rebellion;  and  the  strings  of  court  intrigue  are  plain 
enough.  Had  the  king  been  deaf  to  Argyle,  Townsend, 
and  Stanhope,  should  we  have  heard  o{  Mar  and  the  '15? 

§  "  The  P.,"  the  Chevalier  d«  St.  George,  or  the  old 
Pretender. 


346 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '50, 


fearful  debate  betwixt  Argyle  and  Mont:  (the  Duke  of 
Montrose)  for  the  Livtenancy  of  this  Shire  Montrose 
went  to  the  King  alone  and  told  him  if  he  gave  not  this 
Livtenancy  he  could  not  serve  his  Majesty  next  daj' 
Townsend  and  Stanhope  went  to  the  King  and  told  it 
was  absolutely  necessary  for  his  interest  that  Argyle 
should  have  y*  (that)  Livtenancy  I  dread  the  conse- 
quence of  this.  M""  John*  has  written  to  Succothf  for  a 
representation  from  the  gentlemen  of  the  Shire  to  the 
Post  Office  ag"  (against)  Mungo  and  y*  (that)  he  wald 
get  in  Galder  in  his  roume  I  should  think  ye  (you)  might 
eendC^  (endeavour)  y  (your)  self  with  a  little  more  zeal 
in  that  matter  I  exspect  to  see  you  this  week.  I  am 
"  R.  D.  B. 
«  yr  own  most  affect. 

"  B.  &  serv* 
"  (Signed)    Neil  Campbell. 

"  Keep  the  storie  of  the  Dukes  till  we  have  the  cer- 
taintj'. 

"  On  Wednesday  this  parish  are  to  meet  under  Armes 
and  then  I'll  mind  the  assotiation  (association). 

"Argyle  has  brought  in  AuchinleckJ  and  who  now 
more  zealous  than  he  with  his  dayly  rindevouz  for 
K(ing)  G(eorge)." 

C.  D.  Lamont. 


OENBBAIi   WOLFE    AT    QUEBEC. 

(^Continued  from  2°''  S.  viii.  166.) 

"August  9th,  1759.  Employed  in  disposing  and  car- 
rying for  the  wounded  the  most  of  this  day.  At  nine 
o'clock  this  night  the  Brigad"^  ordered  Lt.  Crofton  of  the 
Kangers  to  land  on  the  south  shore  in  order  to  take  a  pri- 
soner. He  accordingly  with  20  men  landed,  surprized  a 
barn  in  which  there  were  9  Canadians,  killed  4,  and  took 

5  prisoners. 

"10th.  This  morning  embarked  on  board  our  flatt- 
bottomed  boats,  in  order  to  land  on  the  south  shore,  in  the 
same  order  as  the  8th  inst.  About  half  an  hour  after  7 
o'clock  rowed  in  and  landed,  after  sustaining  a  small  fire 
from  the  enemy,  of  whom  we  killed  5,  and  took  a  captain 
of  militia  prisoner.     Our  loss  consisting  of  1  private  killed, 

6  wounded,  and  Lt.-Sam.  Rutherford  of  Amherst's  regt. 
wounded. 

"  After  we  beat  off  the  enemy,  we  took  possession  of  an 
eminence  where  we  encamped,  strongly  situated  opposite 
to  our  ships,  near  village  St.  Nicholas,  21  miles  from  Point 
Lev}-  camp. 

*'  11th.  Remained  in  camp ;  nothing  done. 

"  I2th.  Very  rainy  weather.  This  morning  a  schooner 
from  below  joined  our  fleet ;  the  m""  of  reports  that  two 
catts  with  a  regt.  on  board  endeavoured  to  pass  the  town, 
but  were  obliged  to  put  back  by  the  brisk  cannonading 
of  the  batterys. 

"  13th.  A  detachment  of  400  men  under  the  com- 
mand of  Major  Dalling  marched  to  the  eastward  to  re- 
conoitre  the  country;  they  were  fired  on  by  a  small 
party  of  Canadians,  who  made  the  following  execution, 
viz.  Capt.  Card"  wounded,  also  4  wounded  of  the  Rangers. 
On  which  the  General  ordered  all  the  houses  east  of  our 
post  (in  the  parish  of  St.  Croix)  to  be  sett  on  fire,  and  at 
the  same  time  fixed  a  manifesto  on  the  church  door,  de- 
claring that  if  they  should  anoye  any  of  our  troops  pass- 

*  "Mr.  John,"  the  Hon.  John  Campbell  of  Mamore, 
uncle  to  the  Duke  of  Argyle. 

t  "Succoth,"  a  territorial  title.  Sir  Arch.  Campbell 
of  Succoth. 

J  "  Auchinleck,"  also,  I  presume,  a  territorial  title  for 
a  Boswell  of  Auchinleck. 


ing  or  repassing  the  commimication,  for  the  future,  that 
no  quarter  will  be  given  the  inhabitants  when  taken, 
without  exception  or  respect  of  person.  The  detachment 
took  a  great  number  of  cattle ;  no  prisoners. 

"  14th.  This  morning  7  marines  straggled  about  800 
j'ards  from  the  camp,  who  was  taken  by  the  enemy,  part 
of  whom  they  massacred  and  left  on  the  beach  in  order 
to  be  discovered,  in  return  of  which  cruelty  the  General 
marched  with  the  two  battalions,  viz.  Amherst's  and  the 
2"<i  battl"  Royal  A.,  3  miles  east  of  our  camp  in  the  vil- 
lage of  St.  Nicholas,  setting  fire  to  all  the  houses  belong- 
ing thereto.  Neither  prisoners  or  cattle  brought  in  to 
camp. 

"15th.  Remained  in  camp  all  day;  the  weather  rainy. 
Nothing  extraordinary. 

"  16th.  This  forenoon  a  small  party  of  the  enemy  shewed 
themselves  to  the  left  of  our  encampment,  but  were  re- 
pulsed by  a  few  of  our  advanced  guard. 

"  17th.  This  forenoon  the  General  gave  in  orders  that 
the  two  battalions  and  two  companys  of  Light  Infantry 
should  prepare  to  embark  on  board  their  respective  ves- 
sels, as  the  former  distribution.  At  10  o'clock  we  struck 
our  tents  and  embarked,  where  we  remained  till  the  night 
following.  The  other  company  of  Light  Infantry  with 
the  two  hundred  marines  to  remain  on  shore  till  further 
orders,  under  the  command  of  Capt"  Fraser. 

"  18th.  At  12  o'clock  this  day  embarked  Capt.  Simon 
Fraser  with  Delaune's  co,  of  Lt.  infantry.  At  the  same 
time  the  General  called  for  commanding  officers  of  com- 
pany's in  order  to  explain  to  them  his  order  of  battle  at 
landing  next,  or  at  the  attack  intended  on  the  village 
Chambeau,  where,  according  to  intelligence  formerly 
given  (by  prisoners  taken),  there  are  some  magazines,  and 
consequently  men  to  endeavour  their  defence.  After 
which  explanation  the  General  sent  orders  to  the  com- 
manding officers  of  the  marines  to  keep  the  tents  of  the 
two  regts.  standing,  that  as  the  enemy  might  discover 
the  embarkation  of  Delaune's  company  in  the  daytime, 
seeing  the  camp  as  formerly  excepting  the  tents  of  the 
Light  Infantry,  as  also  keeping  the  face  of  the  en- 
campments as  formerly  with  a  number  of  large  fires, 
that  from  these  circumstances  the  enemy  will  probably 
conjecture  that  the  tents  struck  is  only  the  Light  Infan- 
trj",  being  detached,  &c.  Likewise  oblige  them  to  keep 
their  quarters,  not  knowing  the  infantry's  intention  or 
destination.  At  11  o'clock  we  embarked  in  boats,  and 
agreeable  to  orders  rendevouzed  at  the  Ward  transport. 
At  12  o'clock  we  sett  off  accompany'd  by  two  floatting 
batterys,  for  the  intended  attack  of  Chambeau,  which  lies 
on  the  north  shore,  7  leagues  up  the  river  above  Point 
au  Tremble,  Jind  21  leagues  from  Quebec. 

19th.  By  daybreak  we  drew  nigh  the  rendevouze  for- 
merly mentioned,  at  the  same  time  discovered  a  large 
topsail  schooner  on  her  way  from  shore,  and  bearing 
down  upon  us,  which  would  not  be  so  conveinient ;  but  in 
a  little  time  they  altered  their  course,  by  which  we  under- 
stood they  only  meant  to  scheere  off.  About  an  hour 
after  we  landed,  to  our  surprize  without  opposition,  being 
two  miles  below  the  church  of  St.  Joseph.  We  formed 
a  column,  Delaune's  and  Garden's  company  forming  the 
van,  and  Fraser's  company,  with  a  detachm*  of  Koj'al 
Americans,  the  rear  guard.  As  churches  were  generally 
the  posts  they  occupyed  we  marched  in  the  aforesaid 
order  without  any  molestation,  excepting  a  few  shott  on 
our  rear  which  did  not  disturb  us  much.  When  our  van 
came  in  sight  of  the  church  of  St.  Joseph,  a  capt.  of 
De  La  Sare's  regiment  with  about  CO  regulars  made  a 
show  of  making  a  stand,  which  obliged  the  Brigadier  to 
make  a  disposition  of  attacking,  not  knowing  but  they 
might  be  part  of  a  larger  body.  On  their  seeing  the  head 
of  our  column  draw  nigh,  the  capt.  and  his  men  withdrew 
to  the  wood  without  firing  a  shott.  Near  this  church  found 


2'"i  S.  VIII,  Oct.  29.  '39.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


347 


a  store-house  in  which  store  was  all  the  effects,  including 
equipage  and  apparel,  of  all  the  officers  in  Quebec,  civil 
and  mllitarj',  besides  arms  and  amunition,  the  whole 
valued  at  90,000  pounds  sterling  money,  which  we  con- 
sumed b3'  fire.  We  remained  at  Chambeau  till  ^  past 
three  o'clock  in  the  evening ;  being  low  water  we  em- 
barked on  board  our  boats,  carrying  off  some  sheep, 
leaving  100  cattle  shott  on  the  beach.  Major  Dalling'a 
Light  Infantrj'  covered  the  retreat,  which  was  done  in 
pretty  good  order,  and  without  the  loss  of  one  man. 
After  we  were  embarked,  and  about  500  yards  from 
shore,  the  General  ordered  one  Capt.  Mophak,  a  sea  offi- 
cer who  had  the  command  and  direction  of  the  flatt- 
bottoraed  boats  when  without  the  troops  or  at  embarking 
or  debarking,  with  two  floating  batterys  and  two  flatt- 
bottomed  boats  with  troops  in  them,  to  attack  the 
schooner  which  lay  dry  on  the  south  shore.  On  the  boats 
approaching  the  enemy  fired  two  shott,  abandon'd  her, 
and  sett  her  on  fire.  As  we  were  coming  down  the  river 
we  was  fired  on  by  a  party  of  Gannadians  from  behind 
logs  on  the  south  shore;  none  hurt.  Arrived  by  10 
o'clock  this  night  at  our  camp ;  part  of  the  troops  did  not 
disembark. 

"  20th.  The  remaining  part  of  the  troops  disembarked, 
and  the  marines  in  camp  embarked.  Rainy  weather. 
At  night  disturbed  by  our  sentry's  firing  at  some  strag- 
gling enem}'  coming  to  sculk  by  our  camp ;  the  Light  In- 
fantry under  arms  till  day,  during  which  time  it  rained 
very  hard. 

"21st.  This  morning  thcBrigad""  (Geu'  Murray^  sent  to 
the  camp  desiring  Gapt.  Fraser  to  come  on  board,  signi- 
fying to  him  that  he  considered  a  diversion  up  the  river 
to  be  of  great  consequence,  and  that  every  measure  prac- 
ticable should  be  taken  to  destroy  the  French  shipping 
(which  lay  about  24  leagues  above  the  town  or  city  of 
Quebec)  in  order  to  clear  the  communication  twixt  us  and 
Mr.  Amherst,  proposing  to  send  Gapt.  Fraser  with  des- 
patches to  his  Excellency  General  Wolfe,  which  after- 
wards was  dropt.  Forenoon  of  this  day  Admiral  Holmes 
went  on  board  a  schooner  in  order  to  go  and  reconoitre 
the  French  shipping  and  sound  the  channel. 

"22nd.  Some  of  our  men  went  to  pull  pease  this 
forenoon,  who  discovered  a  party  of  the  enemy  and 
returned.  At  night  the  Admiral  returned  from  his  re- 
conoitring  cruise. 

"  23rd.  A  few  men  on  horseback  made  their  appearance 
this  morning,  but  on  seeing  a  small  party  of  our  men 
make  towards  them  they  thought  proper  to  retire.  At 
12  o'clock  received  orders  to  get  under  arms,  the  whole  to 
mar6h  in  three  seperate  divisions,  viz.  the  3rd  battalion 
Roy.  Americans  to  the  right  of  our  camp  the  length  of 
St.  Groix,  the  15th  regt.  with  Gapt.  Fraser's  co.  of  Lt. 
Infantry  the  length  of  St.  Nicholas  to  the  left  of  our 
camp,  under  the  command  of  the  General,  the  former 
division  by  Maj'  Bailing ;  the  3rd  division  in  boats,  con- 
sisting of  CO.  Light  Infantrj",  commanded  by  Capt.  Char- 
ters of  the  Royal  Americans.  The  consequence  of  which 
scout  ended  in  burning  a  battery,  a  sloop,  and  2  saw 
milns.  The  real  intention  was  that  if  any  of  the  enemy 
made  their  appearance,  and  that  we  could  not  bring  them 
to  battle,  Capt.  Simon  Fraser  with  his  co.  and  50  volun- 
teers of  the  15tli  regt.  were  to  lay  in  ambush  till  next 
morning,  when  they  were  to  retire.  At  night  Major 
Bailing  returned  with  his  division,  exchanged  a  few 
shott  with  the  enemy,  and  made  one  prisoner. 

"  24.  The  General  gave  orders  for  the  whole  to  prepare 
to  embark  against  tomorrow. 

"25th.  This  morning  fell  down  the  Squirel,  a  sloop- 
of-war,  with  the  admiral,  general,  and  the  Avounded 
officers. 

"  In  the  evening  the  loth  regt.  and  3rd  battalion  Roy. 
Americans  embarked.     Capt.  Fraser's  co.  covered  the 


retreat ;  the  enemy  fired  on  us  a  few  shot,  only  one  sus- 
tained. 

"  26th.  An  order  from  General  Wolfe  desiring  Colonel 
5foung  with  the  3rd  B.  Roy.  Americans  and  200  marines 
to  land,  and  keep  possession  of  our  former  ground  at  St. 
Anthony.  The  15th  regt.  and  Lt.  Infantry  to  embark 
on  board  their  flatt-bottomed  boats,  and  return  to  Point 
Levy. 

"  27th.  Passed  the  batterys ;  not  one  shott  fired  at  us. 
Arrived  at  Point  Levy  at  4  o'clock,  where  we  learnt  that 
1000  of  the  enemy  in  boats  went  up  the  river,  who,  they 
imagined,  would  fall  in  with  us  in  coming  down  the 
river.  General  Wolfe  indisposed ;  greately  regreted  by 
the  whole  armj'.  We  were  ordered  to  take  post  in  our 
former  cantonments  8  miles  from  Point  Levy  camp,  and 
to  the  westward  of  our  battery. 

"28th.  Remained  in  our  cantonments  all  day;  nothing 
extraordinary  happened.  At  night,  by  favour  of  the 
flood  and  an  easterly  gale,  the  Lostoff  frigate,  Hunter 
sloop-of  war,  two  catts,  and  one  schooner  passed  the 
town ;  200  shott  fired  at  them ;  one  sailor  killed,  and  two 
wounded. 

"The  face  of  the  camp  at  Point  Levy  intirely  changed 
owing  to  the  great  encouragement  given  to  venders  of  all 
kinds. 

"29th.  We  are  informed  at  Point  Levy  camp  that 
three  Rangers  have  brought  in  three  scalps  from  St.  An- 
dre, and  took  a  courier  with  letters,  orders,  and  directions 
to  the  captains  of  militia  and  friers,  desiring  them  to  keep 
constant  guards,  and  inform  the  inhabitants  that  we  shall 
be  soon  obligad  to  leave  the  country. 

"  30th.  By  order  of  his  Excellency  General  Wolfe 
the  three  Brigadiers  assembled  in  order  to  consult  the 
measures  most  practicable  for  the  good  of  the  service. 
The  result  of  the  conference  not  known  by  us. 

"31st.  By  a  deserter  we  are  informed  that  the  enemy 
are  sicklj%  and  discontented  with  their  Indians.  Meeting 
four  Indians  of  the  Mowhauk  tribe  with  an  officer  from 
General  Amherst,  treacherously  deceived  them  by  pre- 
tending friendship,  and  at  the  same  time  conducted  to  a 
party  of  French,  who  made  them  prisoners,  and  thej'  are 
confined  on  board  the  frigates  formerly  mentioned.  At 
night  the  Sea  Horse  man-of-war,  three  catts,  and  one 
schooner  passed  the  town ;  after  receiving  alarm,  can- 
nonading from  the  battery.    None  hurt. 

"September  1st.  All  the  houses  below  Montmorency 
Falls,  or  to  the  eastward,  sett  on  fire  by  our  army.  This 
forenoon  some  cannon  carried  from  the  Montmorency  side 
to  the  camp  at  Point  Levj'.  Our  troops  there  expect  an 
attack  from  the  enemy  this  night,  which  is  very  desire- 
able  to  all  our  gentlemen ! 

"2nd.  The  remaining  cannon  carried  from  Montmo- 
rency this  daj'. 

"The  Assistant  Q""- Master-General  marked  the  en- 
campments for  the  Brigade  and  Lt.  Infantry  from 
Montmorency  to  the  left  of  our  cantonments.  We  hear 
that  the  additional  company  of  our  regt.  are  in  the  river. 

"3rd.  This  morning  the  troops  at  Montmorency  de- 
camped, embarked  in  boats  without  the  least  molestation 
or  advantages  taken  at  that  important  time  of  their  draw- 
ing off.  Passing  the  Point  of  Orleans,  the  enemy  fired 
from  their  batterys  (to  the  westw^  of  the  Falls)  both 
shott  and  shells,  none  of  which  made  any  execution.  The 
enemy's  generosity  in  the  above  particular  and  critical 
juncture  is  a  plain  proof  that  Monsieur  Montcalm  will 
make  no  other  use  of  the  Gannadians  then  defend  their 
capital.  He  must  be  concerned  to  see  Montmorency 
abandoned,  it  not  being  safe  for  him  to  depend  on  part 
of  his  troops  to  give  the  least  annoyance ;  likewise  per- 
mitting us  to  detach  what  numbers  we  please,  to  lay 
waste  their  country,  and  still  remain  in  his  entrenched 
camp  at  Beauport. 


348 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L2nd  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59, 


"This  daj'  Capt"  Cameron  of  Colonel  Fraser's  regt. 
died,  much  and  justly  regreted,  as  he  was  a  most  agree- 
able, sensible,  and  benevolent  man. 

"  We  hear  the  Sunderland  man-of-war  was  attacked 
the  night  of  the  29th  ulto.  by  75  bataves;  the  enemy 
were  repulsed  with  the  loss  of  4  bataves  taken.  In  orders, 
the  Light  Infantry  commanded  by  Capt.  Garden  to  re- 
turn to  the  regt,  and  all  the  corps  of  Lt.  Infantry  to  re- 
ceive their  orders  from  Colonel  How. 

"  4th.  An  officer  and  three  Rangers  arrived  ia  camp 
with  dispatches  from  General  Amherst  to  General  Wolfe, 
whom  the}'  left  at  Crown  Point  the  8th  of  Aug.  making 
all  preparations  necessary  for  pursuing  his  design,  and 
first  the  possession  of  Lake  Champlaine.  We  hear  no- 
thing of  the  contents  in  these  dispatches  further  than  a 
random  shott  carrj'ing  off  Colonel  Townshend,  one  en- 
sign and  three  men  of  the  Light  Infantry. 

''  This  evening  Capt.  Cameron  aforesaid  hurried,  and 
Capt.  Fraser  of  Culduthell  with  his  aditional  company  ar- 
rived in  the  harbour. 

6th.  The  whole  of  our  Light  Infantry,  under  the  com- 
mand of  Colonel  How,  to  march  ^  one  mile  to  the  west- 
ward of  Goram's  post  (formerly  mentioned),  where  they 
are  to  embark  on  board  the  men-of-war  and  transports. 
As  we  were  passing  the  river  Eire  Chemin  the  enemy 
fired  from  a  two-gun  battery.  None  of  us  hurt;  prodigi- 
ously crowded  on  board. 

"6th.  Nothing  extraordinary.  We  drove  up  with  the 
flood  tide  opposite  Cape  Eouge,  discovered  some  men  on 
the  north  shore  fortyfying  the  bay  to  the  eastward  of  the 
Cape,  as  also  a  house  which  they  occupy'd. 

"  This  evening  his  Excellency  General  Wolfe,  with  the 
three  Brigadiers,  and  the  army  of  the  intended  attack, 
embarked.     The  army  in  great  spirits. 

"  7th.  Eemains  on  the  same  anchorage  ground  as  yes- 
terday. The  General  in  the  Hunter  sloop-of-war  went  up 
the  length  of  Point  au  Tremble  to  reconoitre.  The  enemy 
continues  to  work  on  the  north  shore. 

"  8th.  The  General  with  the  Hunter  sloop  returned  at 
12  o'c,  orders  for  1500  men  to  prepare  to  land  on  north 
shore,  and  wait  the  night  tide,  under  the  command  of  the 
Brigadiers  Moncton  and  Murray. 
"  A  faint. 

"The  Hunter  sloop-of-war,  one  transport  with  Roy. 
Americans,  and  another  with  Light  Infantry,  to  fall  up 
to  Point  au  Tremble,  and  return  with  the  ebb  tide  in  the 
morning.     The  weather  very  rainy. 

"  9th.  The  weather  continues  very  rainy,  which  pre- 
vents the  1500  men  landing.  We  remained  off  Point  au 
Tremble.  The  remaining  vessells  in  their  former  station 
opposite  to  Cape  Eouge.  We  can't  perceive  any  works 
on  the  beach,  only  small  entrenchments  from  the  mill  to 
a  house  about  300  yards  to  the  eastward  (belonging  to 
Point  au  Tremble),  and  discovers  but  very  few  men.  60 
bataves  "  on  shore ;  no  floatting  batteries. 

J.  Noble. 
(Tb  he  concluded  in  ou7'  next.') 


NORTHUMBRIAN   NOTES, 

To  those  of  your  readers  who  may  be  contem- 
plating a  visit  to  the  north,  as  well  as  to  others 
who  are  always  glad  to  know  of  the  peculiar  cha- 
racteristics which  distinguish  each  of  our  Eng- 
lish counties,  a  few  notes  on  the   antiquities  of 

.  *  What  are  bataves  ?     [Probably  boats — bataves  being 
used  as  an  irregular  plural  oibatau. — Ed.] 


the  remoter  parts  of  Northumberland  will  no 
doubt  be  interesting,  and  I  am  glad  of  an  oppor- 
tunity of  noticing  also,  through  the  medium  of 
your  columns,  the  hospitality,  politeness,  and  kind- 
ness which  universally  distinguished  all  the  Nor- 
thumbrians we  had  the  happiness  to  meet  with, 
in  the  course  of  a  recent  tramp  through  the 
county. 

In  the  churches  there  is  not  noticeable  that  like- 
ness which  often  pervades  all  the  parish  churches 
of  a  district.  There  is  more  variety,  and  there 
has  been  probably  more  destruction  than  is  usual 
in  other  parts  of  England  which  have  not  been 
so  often  the  battle  field  of  clans  and  parties. 

Some  early  Norman  work  occurs  in  a  class  of 
towers  of  which  Bywell  is  a  type,  and  Ovingham 
(interesting  as  the  burial-place  of  Bewick)  a  fine 
example.  The  belfry  windows  are  divided  into 
two  lights,  with  round  heads,  and  a  simple  hole 
pierced  in  the  space  above,  the  whole  being  con- 
tained in  a  large  round  head,  very  plain,  and  with 
some  attempts  at  a  capital  above  the  columns, 
but  most  noticeably  severe  in  character, 

Norham  church  is  of  a  more  elaborate  design, 
its  chief  beauty  consisting  in  a  chancel  of  six 
windows,  five  of  them  Norman,  with  deep  rich 
mouldings.  The  tower  is  also  remarkable,  low 
and  sturdy,  as  Norman  towers  always  are;  the 
belfry  windows  similar  to  those  at  Bywell,  ex- 
cepting that  they  are  two  instead  of  one.  The 
chapel  in  the  castle  at  Newcastle  was  apparently 
designed  at  the  period  when  the  zigzag  ornament 
was  very  much  used.  The  capitals  in  the  same 
chapel  have  very  much  of  the  classical  about  them, 
and  the  whole  castle  is  worth  particular  attention 
as  an  instance  of  a  building  erected  entirely  in 
one  style.  In  the  church  of  St.  Andrews,  in  the 
same  town,  there  is  much  early  work  still  re- 
maining ;  the  chancel  arch,  which  is  ornamented 
with  zigzags,  &c.,  seems  to  have  been  flattened 
slightly  under  the  superincumbent  weight.  The 
church  of  St.  Nicholas  is  celebrated  for  the  grace- 
ful crown  which  surmounts  the  tower.  The  body 
of  the  church  has  no  noticeable  excellency,  having 
apparently  been  erected,  and  repaired,  and  re- 
stored, until  the  effect  is  rather  mongrel  than 
beautiful , 

At  Mitford,  near  Morpeth,  the  church  seems 
to  have  been  built  in  the  interesting  transitional 
period  when  Norman  was  becoming  scarce,  and 
the  early  English  coming  into  vogue.  The  chancel 
doorway  shows  this  very  plainly,  a  pointed  being 
enclosed  by  a  Norman  arch,  and  both  beautified 
with  the  zigzag. 

Ford  church,  interesting  from  its  associations 
with  the  castle,  and  the  field  of  Flodden,  has  been 
restored ;  but  an  old  belfry  remains,  pierced  for 
three  bells.  The  shape  is  exceedingly  curious, 
but  requires  an  illustration  or  a  personal  inspec- 
tion to  explain  it. 


2'"^  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


349 


Older  than  any  church  remains  with  which  I 
became  acquainted  in  the  county  is  the  Baptistery 
at  Holystone  —  a  broad  and  very  long  basin  of 
water,  perhaps  some  four  feet  in  depth,  where 
St.  Paulinus  immersed  3000  converts.  The  crosses 
are  hardly  worthy  of  that  name  for  the  amount  of 
religious  feeling  embodied  in  them.  The  prin- 
cipal form  consists  of  a  stone  pillar  surmounted 
by  a  ball,  and  standing  on  a  broad  flight  of  steps. 
Instances  occur  at  Bywell,  Ryton,  and  Ravens- 
worth.  But  the  most  important  remains  in  the 
county  are,  as  may  be  supposed,  connected  with 
military  matters,  and  erected  for  offensive  or  de- 
fensive purposes. 

On  the  borders  there  are  ruins  of  many  towers, 
into  which  the  cattle  could  be  driven,  where  the 
women  and  children  could  find  shelter,  and 
whence  the  warfare  could  be  carried  on  from 
loophole  or  battlement. 

In  Northumberland  these  towers  receive  the 
name  of  "  peels ; "  but  a  perfect  example  of  a 
peel  tower  is,  I  believe,  rare,  if  in  existence  at 
all.  That  at  Staward  is  best  known  from  its 
magnificent  situation ;  but  there  are  others  in 
better  state  of  repair.  The  birthplace  of  Bishop 
Ridley,  Willimoteswick,  boasts  a  very  fine  tower, 
the  interest  in  it  ten  times  increased  because  it  is 
so  closely  connected  with  the  boyish  days  of  the 
great  reformer.  Of  the  more  ambitious  castle,  or 
fortress,  that  at  Hermitage  is  a  fine  instance; 
stern  and  gloomy  it  rises  from  the  water's  edge, 
the  fit  home  of  that  ogre  of  north- country  le- 
gendry,  Lord  Soulis. 

Aydon  Castle  has  far  more  of  a  domestic  cha- 
racter about  it.  More  care  has  been  expended 
on  its  elaboration,  and  far  more  con;fort  was 
practicable  within  its  walls ;  and  being  almost 
perfect,  and  most  carefully  preserved,  it  is  worthy 
a  visit.  It  crowns  a  steep  bank  clothed  with  fire 
trees  about  two  miles  from  Corbridge. 

T.  Habwood  Pattison. 


INSCEIPTIONS    ON   FLY-LEAVES. 

Attention  having  been  directed  in  some  of  your 
early  volumes  (1"  S.  vii.  and  viiii.)  to  the  subject 
of  inscriptions  placed  on  the  fly-leaves  of  old 
books  by  their  owners,  I  send  you  a  few  which  I 
collected  during  a  recent  examination  of  the  Ca- 
thedral Library  at  Lincoln. 

To  many  these  scraps,  gathered  together  hap- 
hazard, may  seem  mere  nugce ;  but  experience 
will  teach  one  that  the  fly-leaves,  and  even  the 
covers  alone  of  old  books,  contain  treasures  wljich, 
though  mutilated,  will  gladden  the  heart  of  the 
bibliomanist  almost  as  much  as  a  genuine  Caxton, 
or  Wynken  de  Worde.  As  an  instance,  on  inspect- 
ing a  book  in  this  library  of  the  sixteenth  century, 
the  covers  were  found  to  have  suffered  from  damp 


so  as  to  loosen  the  leather,  and  the  component 
thicknesses  of  paper,  forming  the  millboard  sides  ; 
whereupon  curiosity  prompted  a  peep  into  the  in- 
terior, and  it  was  discovered  that  the  millboard 
had  been  manufactured  out  of  a  very  early  pack 
of  playing  cards,  many  of  which  were  quite  per- 
fect even  in  their  colours.  Such  a  case  as  this, 
contrary  to  the  usual  doctrine,  makes  the  cover  of 
the  book  much  more  valuable  than  the  interior. 
The  mutilation  of  ancient  manuscripts,  and  their 
conversion  into  fly-leaves,  is  well  known,  but  the 
mine  is  not  exhausted  until  the  very  strata  of  the 
covers  are  as  it  were  geologically  explored. 

But  to  return  to  the  fly-leaf  inscriptions :  the 
first  one  is  very  curious,  and  I  should  like  to 
know  whether  any  other  example  of  the  same 
verses  is  extant,  as  the  reading  of  the  last  two 
lines  is  somewhat  doubtful. 

"  The  honor  of  this  booke, 
Is  John  Wheler  by  name, 
Desiringe  the  reder  here  on  to  loke, 
And  these  wordea  set  in  frame. 

"  Good  reder  what  thou  arte 
I  speake  to  thee  unknowne, 
Think  ever  in  thy  harte, 
Let  etch  man  have  his  one. 

"  Then  canst  thou  not  but  give 
This  booke  to  me  againe, 
Whose  habitation  at  this  time 
Is  placed  in  Milkstrete. 

"  If  witnes  thou  requirest, 
Good  witnes  can  I  bringe. 
Which  will  upon  the  bible  swere 
This  thinge  to  afferme. 

"  Alas,  thou  gentle  wite, 

What  pleasure  cannest  thou  have, 
Sith  that  j'e  honor  right, 
ombly  sectes  to  crave." 

The  book  in  which  these  lines  are  written  is 
entitled  L.  Fenestellce  de  Magistratibns,  Sacerdo- 
tiisque  Rornanorum  Libellus,  1538.  Press  mark 
S.  5.  9. 

The  next  book  is  a  Homer ;  inside  the  cover  of 
which  is  written  "  Liber  Johannis  Gooddall,  Scl 
Job.  Coll.  Cant."     And  on  the  fly-leaf— 

"  0  mihi  post  nullos  Goodall  memorande  sodales. 
Donee  eris  felix  semper  amicus  ero. 

"  Thomas  Han-ison,  scrip*." 

On  the  fly-leaf  of  a  Hebrew  Dictionary  :  — 

"  Francis  Xevill. 
"  Hoc  est  nescire  sine  Cristo  plurima  scire, 

Si  Cristum  bene  scis  satis  est  si  csetera  nescis." 

On  the  fly-leaf  of  Petri  Rami  Professoris  Regit 
Grammatica  Grceca,  1 605  :  — 

"  Michaell  Honiwood,  his  booke. 
"  Damna  fleo  rerum  sed  plus  fleo  damna  dierum, 
Quisque  potest  rebus  succurrere  nemo  diebus." 

On  the  title-page  of  another  book  is  this  note : 
"  Deliver  this  book  to  my  cosen  M""  Hunniwood,  fellow 
of  Christ's  Coiledg." 

This  is  doubtless  the  same  Michael  Honywood, 


350 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>'d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59. 


•whose  name  appears  frequently  in  the  books.  In 
many  of  them  is  the  monogram  ]^,  which  most 
probably  stands  for  M.  H.  —  Michael  Honeywood. 
He  was  I  believe  the  founder  of  the  library,  but  I 
-do  not  speak  with  certainty  on  this  point. 

In  a  book  entitled  Mundi  Creatio,  by  John 
Edouard  Dumonin,  Paris,  1579,  is  this  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

"  Lingua  sibi  non  est,  loquitur  per  signa  libellus, 
Si  dominum  quseris  proxiraa  signa  decent. 

"  Alanus  Caer." 
Another  with  name  of  owner :  — 

"  Hujus  si  cupias  dominum  cognoscere  libri, 
Ejus  quae  sequitur  linia  nomen  habet. 

"  Samuell  Thoepe." 

On  the  &y -leaf  of  Jacob.  Arminius,  Veteraquinatis, 
JBatavi.  Disputationes,    1614,    is   this   inscription, 
partaking  somewhat  of  the  nature  of  a  reproof: — 
"  Mea  philosophia  scire  Jesum." 

In  a  copy  of  Lyndewode's  Promnciale  is  this 
memorandum  of  the  bookseller  :  — 

"  This  booke  I  do  warrant  to  be  perfect,  and  of  the  best 
edition,  and  will  at  any  time  within  a  twelvemonth  give 
for  it  in  ready  mouy  the  sum  of  eighteene  shillings.  I  say 
18s. 

"  William  Williams." 

This  is  not  dated,  but  in  another  book,  Vindicice 
EcclesicB  AnglicancB,  1638,  is  a  similar  note,  dated 
July  23,  —86  :  — 

"  I  promise  to  allow  for  this  booke  four  shillinges  Gd. 
when  ye  are  willinge  to  part  with  it  againe. 

«  W.  Atkins." 

One  of  the  books,  Summa  Angelica  de  Casihus 
ConscienticB  per  venerahilem  Fratrem  Angelum  de 
Clanasio  compilata,  1488,  has  this  note  on  the 
first  page :  — 

"  Iste  liber  est  domus  visitationis  beate  Marie  in  insula 
de  Axiholme  ordinis  Cartus'  Lincoln'  Dioc'  ex  dono  Ma- 
gistri  Will'i  Smyth  rectoris  ecclie  parochial'  de  Belton, 
A.D,  Mill  cccc"  nonagesimo  septimo." 

The  last  book  to  be  noted  was  the  property  of 
a  considerable  pluralist,  as  appears  by  the  follow- 
ing inscription  on  the  title  page  :  — 

"  Jotes  Armorer  quondam  vicarius  de  Suttou  Valaunce, 
Hedecrou,  et  Borden,  modo  rector  de  Pensehurst,  Sci 
Dionisii  de  Backchurche  in  London,  et  Ivey  Churche  in 
marisco  empt'  de  Doctoro  Denman." 

With  this  I  will  conclude,  hoping  to  resume  the 
subject  at  no  very  distant  period. 

William  Henry  Hart. 

Folkestone  House,  Eoupell  Park,  Streatham. 


PROVERBS. 

Proverbs  found  in  the  pocket-book  of  Sir 
Samuel  Sleigh,  of  Etwall  Hall,  Knt.,  Sheriff  of 
Derbyshire,  1648  and  1666  :  — 

"  Patris  mei  *  dicta  sapientissima  et  in  corde  meo 
manebant  fixa. 

*  Gervase  Sleigh,  of  Ashe  and  Gray's  Inn,  barrister-at- 
law,  buried  in  St.  Werburgh'a  Church,  Derby,  1626. 


1.  "  Ffor  every  lodging-roome  yt  y^^  have  be  sure  y'  y" 
have  an  lOOZ.  of  annuall  revenues. 

2.  "  It  is  good  to  keepe  a  low  saj'Ie,  somew*  below  yo'^ 
meanes,  and  not  to  mount  up  to  y"  highest  pitch  of  y 
estate ;  for  if  y  revenues  encrease,  y"  may  add  to  y 
frame  vf^^  creditt,  but  w">out  discreditt  you  cannot  dimi- 
nish itt.    It  is  not  good  to  fight  over -head, 

3.  "  If  you  live  long  and  looke  back  into  yo''  former 
dayes,  j'ou  shall  scarcely  find  in  all  yo""  experience  two 
faithfuU  freindes  amongst  all  yo""  acquaintance. 

4.  "Labor  for  knowledge,  and  to  be  judicious  in  all  j-C 
affaires,  y*  soe  you  may  be  able  judiciously  to  direct  yo"^ 
servants,  ffbr  else  y^  shall  be  sure  never  to  have  yo''  busi- 
nes  well  done,  and  y"  if  j'ou  reprove  them  for  those  things 
wherin  you  want  judgment,  they  will  be  ready  to  con- 
temne  yo''  reproofe. 

5.  "  Never  entertaine  into  yo""  house,  there  to  abide,  a 
better  man  than  yo^'selfe;  for  then  you  shall  never  be 
M''  of  yo'"  owne  house. 

6.  "  I  never  knew  man  desire  an  issue  (estate?)  onelj- 
to  doe  good  yby,  but  comonly  y^  best  men  are  most  un- 
willing to  have  y". 

7.  "  It  is  y®  corruption  of  magistrates  -w^  brings  go- 
vernement,  soe  much  as  it  is,  into  contempt. 

8.  "  It  is  better  to  bow  y"  to  breake. 

9.  "It  is  an  excellent  thing  when  grace  and  good- 
nature meete ;  and  a  great  blessing  to  discend  from  parents 
y*  be  of  good  natures. 

10.  "  If  a  man  live  40  yeares  and  looke  backe,  he  shall 
see  y*  he  hath  escaped  many  great  dangers. 

11.  "  W'  man  is  }''  excellent  for  any  friend  (^fi-iente"), 
who  is  not  famouse  for  some  wite  ? 

12.  "  Whilst  y"  live  take  heed  of  suretyship :  lend 
mony,  if  j'"  be  able,  to  yo""  freind,  but  be  not  surety. 

13.  "  If  y"  keepe  a  low  sayle,  y"  may  live  comfortably 
of  y'  meanes  y*  I  leave  y" ;  but  if  y"  turn  gallant  all 
my  meanes  will  soone  be  devoured  and  consumed. 

14.  "  If  ye  Mr  and  M"  have  not  a  vigilant  eje,  a  ser- 
vant will  prove  himselfe  to  be  a  servant. 

15.  "  When  y"  live  in  y"  country,  it  will  be  3'o''  creditt 
to  keepe  good  hospitality ;  for  if  y"  goe  hostly  and  keepe 
a  penurious  house,  j-"  shall  be  but  derided. 

16.  "  If  y"  be  to  goe  a  journey,  be  up  betimes. 

17.  "  In  y""  apparell,  better  to  goe  a  little  under  y"  over. 

18.  "  If  my  debtors  were  not  able  to  come  to  my  price, 
y»  would  I  come  to  theirs. 

19.  "  It  is  a  great  ornament  to  any  man  y*  lives  in  y« 
country  to  have  knowledge  in  y«  lawes  of  y"  land,  for 
ybj'  he  may  profitt  himselfe  and  pleasure  his  freinds. 

20.  "  It  is  good  to  make  a  virtue  of  necessity. 

21.  "I  would  have  you  to  be  as  a  father  to  yo''  brethren. 

22.  "  I  thanke  God  I  have  ever  beene  content  w*'»  my 
estate,  and  would  not  change  w*!"  any  man. 

23.  "  There  is  noe  estate  of  this  kingdome  more  to  be 
desired  y"  about  my  meanes. 

24.  "  Justices  have  y"  cap  and  congie  (Jtap  and  kongie), 
and  y*  is  all,  for  y"  take  great  paynes  and  are  much 
more  Ij'able  to  censure  (if  y"  deale  honestly)  y"  other 
men. 

25.  "  One  can  never  well  discerne  y'"selves  unlesse  in 
some  other  like  unto  y^'selves. 

26.  "  I  praj-se  God  I  never  in  all  my  life  rose  from 
table  discontented  with  my  cheare." 

T.  W. 


Laurence  Sterne.  —  There  is  always  a  satisfac- 
tion in  relieving  a  man  from  an  unfounded  charge. 
In  the  pleasing  article  "  Berkshire,"  {Qua7-t.  Rev. 


2°<J  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29,  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


351 


No.  211.  p.  233.),  Medmenham  Abbey  is  men- 
tioned as  "  the  place  where  Wilkes,  Sterne,  and 
the  other  roystering  wits  of  their  time  met  until 
they  made  the  neighbourhood  too  hot  to  hold 
them."  Of  the  sayings  and  doings  —  the  impious 
orgies  and  rites — of  the  "Monks  of  Medmenham," 
it  is  quite  needless  here  to  speak ;  but  this  pro- 
bably is  the  first  time  that  Sterne  has  been  num- 
bered, and  as  I  believe  erroneously,  amongst  that 
fraternity. 

In  the  "New  Foundling  Hospital  for  Wit," 
four  members  of  the  club  are  named :  Wilkes 
without  disguise  ;  the  other  three  are  partly  veiled. 
Sir  W.  Scott,  in  his  notes  to  Chi-ysal,  also  men- 
tions some  of  the  members  ;  but  as  their  descend- 
ants may  have  been  pained  by  the  exposure  of 
the  names,  they  need  not  be  here  repeated. 
Nowhere  is  Sterne  mentioned,  and  it  is  not 
likely  that  a  clergyman  and  an  author  of  so 
much  celebrity  would  have  passed  unnoticed. 
We  know  that  Sterne  mixed  in  Paris  with  excep- 
tionable associates,  and  that  sacred  language  was 
occasionally  used  by  him  with  disgraceful  levity; 
still  we  are  anxious  to  redeem  his  character  from 
the  serious  charge  that  he  formed  one  of  a  society, 
twelve  in  number,  which  a  baronet  of  that  day 
was  able  to  collect  around  him,  and  which  could 
only  have  been  formed  at  a  time  (1760)  when 
libertinism  and  impiety  were  carried  to  lengths 
happily  now  unknown,  and  of  which  the  excesses 
of  the  French  Revolution  were  the  fitting  con- 
summation. J.  H.  M. 

Note  on  Chaucer :  Sire  Thopas. — The  "  Rime  of 
Sire  Thopas  "  ends  with  these  lines :  — 
"  Himself  drank  water  of  the  well. 
As  did  the  Knight  Sire  Percivell 
So  worthy  under  wede." 

To  which  Tyrwhitt  appends  this  note  T — 

"  The  Romance  of  Perceval  le  Galois  .  .  .  consisted  of 
60,000  verses,  so  it  would  be  some  trouble  to  find  the  fact 
which  is  probably  here  alluded  to." 

One  does  not  much  wonder  at  Tyrwhitt's  not 
thinking  it  worth  while  to  undertake  the  search, 
but  one  is  rather  surprised  to  find  in  Wright's 
edition  the  above  note  repeated  verbatim,  espe- 
cially as  the  Thornton  Romances  have  now  been 
published  fifteen  years,  and  the  passage  alluded  to 
occurs  in  the  VQvyJirst  stanza :  — 

"  His  righte  name  was  Percyvelle, 
He  was  fosterde  in  the  felle, 
He  dranke  water  of  the  welle 

And  3ilt  was  he  wyghte !" 

J.  Eastwooi). 
Oracles  in  Opposition.  —  It  seems  worth  while, 
and  not  a  little  amusing,  to  note  the  following 
direct  contradiction  between  two  oracles.  Dr. 
Johnson  says :  "  What  is  coihmonly  thought  I 
should  take  to  be  true"  (see  Boswell's  Tour, 
2nd  edition,  p.  24) :  "  General  opinion  is  no 
2»'iS.  VIII.  >io.  200.] 


proof  of  truth,  for  the  generality  of  men  are  ig- 
norant." (Dodsley's  Economy  of  Human  Life, 
Part  II.  sec.  3.)  G. 

Edinburgh. 

A  Regiment  all  of  one  Name.  —  Amongst  the 
deaths  recorded  in  the  London  Magazine  for  May, 
1735,  p.  279.,  I  find  the  following  extraordinary 
entry :  — 

"  At  her  Seat,  at  Campbell,  North  Britain,  the  Dutchess 
dowager  of  Argyll,  Relict  of  Archibald  Campbell  Duke  of 
Argyll,  who  was  deputed  by  the  Nobillity  of  Scotland  to 
offer  that  Crown  to  their  Majesties  K.  William  and  Q. 
Mary;  and  afterwards  for  their  Service  carried  over  a 
Regiment  to  Flanders,  the  officers  of  which  were  all  of 
one  Family,  and  the  private  men  all  named  Campbell.  Her 
grace  was  Mother  to  the  present  Duke  of  Argyll,  the  Earl 
of  ILA  and  the  Countess  of  Bute." 

The  above  is  a  literal  copy,  italics  and  ortho- 
graphy, capital  letters,  &c.  How  many  "  private 
men  "  were  in  this  celebrated  regiment  ?  and  what 
became  of  the  body  ?  Can  the  Smiths  produce 
anything  like  the  above  ?  S.  Redmond. 

Liverpool. 


^wtxiti. 


SIR    THOMAS    ROE. 


(2"'»S.  vii.  477.518.) 

In  the  year  1636,  the  papers  and  correspon- 
dence of  this  eminent  diplomatist  were  the  pro- 
perty of  Samuel  Richardson,  the  publisher  (Addl. 
MSS.,  6185,  111.),  by  whom  they  were  oflfercd 
to  the  "  Society  for  the  Encouragement  of  Learn- 
ing" for  publication;  Richardson  himself  volun- 
teering to  bear  such  portion  of  the  expense  as  the 
Society  might  consider  proper  (Addl.  MSS., 
6190.).  The  papers  were  placed  in  the  hands  of 
Carte,  the  historian,  for  inspection.  He  carefully 
examined  them,  and,  in  an  interesting  letter  ad- 
dressed  to  the  secretary,  and  dated  20th  March, 
1636-7,  gave  an  account  of  the  collection  (Addl. 
MSS.,  6190,  21.).  He  mentioned  that  he  believed 
that  the  correspondence  relating  to  Roe's  embassy 
to  the  court  of  the  Great  Mogul  had  been  already 
published,  and  he  stated  that,  from  the  time  of  his 
being  sent  to  Constantinople  in  1621,  there  was  a 
continued  series  of  his  letters  and  negotiations  till 
the  end  of  his  life.  He  expressed  an  opinion  as  to 
which  portion  of  the  papers  it  was  desirable  to 
publish,  and  the  manner  of  such  publication,  and 
estimated  that  by  retrenching  letters  containing 
the  same  accounts  (for  Roe  was  in  the  habit  of 
writing  several  letters  to  different  persons  by  the 
same  post  or  courier,  slightly  varying  in  details), 
and  by  excluding  those  of  mere  compliment,  the 
work  might  be  embraced  in  three  volumes  folio ;  un- 
less it  were  determined  to  print,  also,  translations  of 
such  letters  as  were  written  in  German  or  Italian, 
of  which  there  were  a  great  number,  in  which 


352 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '69. 


case,  he  thought,  aa  additional  volume  would  be 
necessary. 

All  the  papers  were  carefully  arranged  by  Carte 
for  publication ;  and  the  first  volume,  containing 
the  Turkish  negotiations,  was  published,  with 
some  assistance  from  the  Society  in  1640,  under 
his  able  editorship.  The  printing  of  the  second 
volume  was  delayed  in  consequence  of  his  absence 
from  England  (Addl,  MSS.  6185,  103.),  and  was 
finally  abandoned  upon  the  dissolution  of  the  So- 
ciety in  1649. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  :  — 

1st.  Whether  Roe's  negotiations  at  the  court  of 
the  Mogul  have  ever  been  published,  as  supposed 
by  Carte  ?     And, 

2ndly.  What  has  become  of  the  papers  which 
were  in  the  possession  of  Richardson  ? 

With  reference  to  the  first  question  I  should 
observe  that  I  am  acquainted  with  the  MS. 
volume  containing  Roe's  journal  of  the  Mogul 
embassy  ;  and  with  regard  to  the  second,  that  Carte 
specifically  mentions,  as  being  with  Richardson's 
papers,  four  long  letters  addressed  to  Roe  during 
the  Mogul  embassy,  by  the  Earl  of  Totnes,  "  con- 
taining a  journal  of  occurrences,  as  well  in  England 
as  in  other  partes  of  Europe,  from  1615  to  1617; 
which  containing,"  he  observes,  "  short  memorials 
of  facte,  like  Cambden's  summary  of  King  James' 
reign,  may  by  some  be  thought  as  curious."  The 
four  letters  to  which  allusion  is  here  made  have 
been  discovered  in  the  State  Paper  Office,  and  are 
now  being  printed  for  the  Camden  Society.  From 
the  fact  of  their  having  been  found  in  that  na- 
tional repository,  it  would  naturally  be  concluded 
that  the  bulk  of  Richardson's  papers  would  be 
found  there  also;  but  although  there  is  an  im- 
mense mass  of  Roe's  correspondence,  which,  for- 
merly tied  up  in  separate  bundles,  has  now  been 
distributed  according  to  the  arrangement  of  the 
Office,  none  can  be  identified  as  the  papers  which 
belonged  to  Richardson.  Carte  mentioned  having 
placed  a  mark  on  some  with  reference  to  publica- 
tion, but,  having  examined  a  considerable  number, 
I  have  not  found  one  with  any  peculiar  mark  on 
it ;  and  were  it  not  for  the  discovery  of  the  letters 
of  Lord  Totnes  there,  I  should  conclude  that 
Richardson's  papers  might  be  still  in  private  hands. 
If  this,  however,  be  the  case,  how  got  the  four 
letters  in  question  among  the  national  archives  ? 
or  how  got  any,  or  all,  of  Richardson's  papers 
there  at  all?  I  should  mention  that  many  of  the 
documents  in  the  printed  volume  are  found  in  the 
State  Paper  Office.  Counterparts  might,  how- 
ever, have  been  used  for  publication.  There  is 
also  a  memorandum  in  existence  which  shows  that 
a  volume  of  Sir  Thomas  Roe's  correspondence 
was  lent  to  the  Earl  of  Oxford.  This  volume  now 
forms  No.  1901.  of  the  Harl.  Collection,  and  con- 
tains letters  written  by  Sir  Thomas ;  whilst  in 
the  bundles  of  correspondence  for  the  same  period 
remaining  in  the  Office,  letters  to  him  only  are 


found.  Carte  says,  that  Sir  Thomas  Roe's  "  letters 
and  papers  are  a  treasure  which  ought  to  be 
communicated  to  the  world,"  and  any  light 
which  can  be  thrown  upon  their  existence  will  be 
a  desideratum.  John  Maclean. 

Hammersmith. 


Minav  cauarttd. 

Boyle  Lectures.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  en- 
able me  to  discover  who  are  the  trustees  of  the 
Boyle  Lectureship  ?  Whether  they  have  any  re- 
cords of  the  appointment  of  lecturers  ?  Whether 
they  have  any  accounts  ?  and  to  whom  they  are 
responsible  for  the  trust  ? 

I  am  led  to  ask  these  questions,  first,  by  the 
many  gaps,  not  merely  in  the  names  of  lecturers 
(when  they  appear  to  have  been  appointed),  but 
by  the  occasional  occurrence  of  ten  or  twenty 
years  during  which  no  lecturer  seems  to  have 
been  appointed. 

Surely  these  things  can  be  explained.  It  would 
be  interesting  in  a  literary  point  of  view  to  know 
who  the  lecturers  unnamed  at  present  have  been, 
and  it  would  be  satisfactory  to  know  that  trust- 
money  has  been  applied  to  good  purposes. 

It  cannot  be  that  a  foundation  which  has  pro- 
duced works  by  Dr.  Richard  Bentley,  Dr.  W. 
Derham,  Dr.  John  Jortin,  Bp.  Van  Mildert,  and  Mr. 
F.  D.  Maurice,  is  quite  extinct;  but  if  not,  where 
are  the  recent  fruits  ?  and  why  is  the  catalogue 
so  unsatisfactory  in  the  respects  which  I  have  no- 
ticed?* An  Enquirer. 

Cooke  of  Oideu  Hall.  —  Will  one  of  your  he- 
raldic readers  inform  me  Avhat  were  the  arms 
borne  by  the  ancient  family  of  Cooke  of  Geddy 
or  Gidea  Hall,  near  Romford,  in  Essex  ?  '  Mo- 
rant  says,  "  Argent  a  chevron  coupone  argent  and 
azure,  between  three  cinquefoils  azure."  Wright 
copies  Morant.  Ogborne  is  silent.  Lysons  gives 
"  Or  a  chevron  cheeky  azure  .and  gules,  between 
three  cinquefoils  of  the  second."  While  the  Visi- 
tation of  Essex,  made  1634,  diffijring  from  all, 
shows  this  coat  for  Cooke,  "  Or  a  chevron  cheeky 
azure  and  argent,  between  three  cinquefoils  of  the 
second."     Which  is  right?  E.  J.  S. 

The  "  3'e  Deian"  interpolated.  —  Can  you  in- 
form me  of  the  locality  of  a  criticism  to  the  fol- 
lowing effect  upon  alleged  interpolations  in  the 
"  Te  Deum  ?"  I  retain  a  vivid  recollection  of 
having  read  it  ten  or  twelve  years  ago,  but  I  have 
been  unable  to  find  it.  It  is  not  noticed  by  the 
latest  writers  on  the  Liturgy. 

1.  The  versicles  enumerating  the  Three  Per- 
sons of  the  Trinity  are  interpolated,  and  interrupt 
the  regular  sequence  of  the  hymn. 

2.  "  Te  Deum  iaudamus"  means  "We  praise 

[*  See  «  N.  &  Q."  l»t  S.  vii.-456. ;  x.  445.  531. ;  2"'!  S. 
i.  291.  343.  Consult  also  Melmoth's  Religious  Life,  by 
Cooper,  pp.  280— 285.— Ed.] 


2»'»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  *59.'\ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


353 


thee,  as  God,"  not  "  O  God."  Yet  this  mistransla- 
tion in  our  version  cancels  the  ofTensiveness  of  the 
interpolated  versicles. 

3.  Excluding  the  three  interpolated  versicles, 
the  whole  becomes  a  hymn  to  Christ  as  God,  such 
as  Pliny,  in  his  celebrated  letter  to  Trajan,  repre- 
sents the  Christians  as  meeting  to  sing.  "  Soliti 
stato  die  ante  lucem  convenire  carmenque  Christo, 
qvasi  Deo,  dicere  secum  invicem."  Was  the  "  Te 
Deum,"  in  its  original  form,  this  very  hymn  ? 

4.  The  versicles  in  the  even  places  answer  those 
in  the  odd  places,  as  far  as  the  three  interpolated 
ones,  after  which  those  in  the  odd  places  answer 
those  in  the  even. 

It  seems  to  me  a  pity  that  the  author  of,  at  any 
rate,  so  clever  a  piece  of  criticism,  should  remain 
unknown  ;  and  I  therefore  ask  your  assistance  to 
discover  his  name,  and  the  place  where  it  first 
appeared.  A.  H.  W. 

Inscription  in  Yorkshire.  —  I  recently  met  with 
a  irohen  inscription,  on  wood,  in  a  manor-house 
in  Yorkshire.  It  is  of  the  time  of  Edward  YI.  or 
Mary,  and  runs  thus  :  — 

"  Soli  deo  honor  et  Gloria.  I  H  C  for  thi  wovndes 
smerte,  on  thy  fet  &  hondes  two,  make  me  m 


ter  is  Poverte  wi nes  then iese  with 

soro  and  sadnes,    I  H  C  kepe  the  Fownder.    Amen." 

I  fancy  I  have  read,  a  copy  of  a  similar  (but 
perfect)  inscription  in  some  topographical  work. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  point  out  such  a  one,  or 
fill  in  the  blanks  ?  W.  Harrison. 

Ripon. 

Old  Boodleite.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  in- 
form me  what  is  the  precise  meaning  of  the  above 
phrase,  and  what  is  its  origin  ?  It  appears  to 
describe  persons  in  the  last  stage  of  stupidity  : 
"  Fools,  d — d  fools,  and  old.  Boodleites." 

GWILTM  GlAN  TyWI. 

Mile.  Salle,  or  Selle,  Dancer  at  the  Italian 
Opera  in  London.  —  Would  any  reader  point  out 
where  I  may  find  a  memoir  of  the  above  lady, 
who  was  premiere  Danseuse  de  l' Opera  a,  Paris, 
and  who  was  acknowledged  to  be  the  most  ele- 
gant of  Terpsichorean  performers  ever  witnessed  ? 
I  have  lately  met  with  a  few  MS.  notes  con- 
cerning her  appearance  in  this  country.  In  the 
Grub  Street  Journal  of  17th  October,  1734,  it  is 
stated  that  Mr.  Denoyer  *  had  arrived  from  Po- 
land, whither  he  had  been  sent  by  George  II.  to 
report  on  the  merits  of  the  lady,  and  which 
having  been  favourable,  she  appeared  on  Thurs- 
day, 26th  December,  1734,  at  Covent  Garden 
Theatre  in  La  Coquette  Franqaise.  It  would 
appear  from  Voltaire,  that  although  she  obtained 


*  Mr.  Denoyer  was  dancing-master  to  three  genera- 
tions of  our  royal  family,  and  lived  near  the  Royal  Palace 
at  Kew,  when  George  IV.  resided  with  his  parents. 


the  most  unqiialified  praise  in  London,  yet,  per- 
haps on  that  account,  she  met  with  great  disap- 
probation in  Paris ;  for  Voltaire,  in  his  poem  on 
"  La  Mort  de  Mile.  Le  Couvreur,  celebre  Actrice" 
thus  addresses  her  :  — 

"  0  toi,  jeune  SalM  *,  fille  de  Terpsicore, 
Qu'on  insulte  &  Paris,  mais  que  tout  Londre  adore." 

The  Gruh  Street  Journal  of  August  19,  1736 
states  that  "  Mr.  Denoyer,  the  famous  dancer,  is 
gone  to  Paris,  to  engage  Mile.  Selle  to  dance 
here  the  ensuing  winter."  I  tliink  that  M.  Selle 
and  all  the  family  settled  in  England,  ^nd  were 
residing  at  Kew,  near  their  friend  Mr.  Denoyer. 
The  latter  gentleman  died  at  his  town- house  in 
Albemarle  Street,  9  May,  1788  {Gent.  Magazine)  ; 
and  perhaps  some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  in- 
form me  if  Mr.  Selle  and  his  family  permanently 
domiciled  in  England. 

An  Admirer  of  lb  Ballet. 

*'  The  Watchman^'  —  Who  is  the  author  of  the 
following  poem  ?  and  where  is  it  to  be  found  ? 

"  When  late  at  night,  through  lighted  streets, 
The  watchman's  voice  the  passer  meets, 
As  homeward  each  pedestrian  stalks, 
Musing  alone,  or  friendly  talks ; 
On  passing  things  he  loves  to  dwell, 
He  hears :  past  eleven  o'clock  and  all's  well." 

P.  Lomax. 

Ancient  Keys.  —  I  should  feel  obliged  for  the 

name  of  the  best  illustrated  work  on  ancient  keys. 

Gilbert. 

D' Angreville :  St.  Maurice.  —  The  undersigned 
will  be  glad  to  receive  genealogical  information 
touching  the  English  descendants  of  the  Counts 
D'Angreville  de  Beaumont,  which  is  required  for 
one  of  the  family  who  is  preparing  a  work  for  the 
press.  He  will  also  be  obliged  for  a  list  of 
churches  in  England  dedicated  to  St.  Maurice, 
which  is  also  required  for  a  work  preparing  for 
publication.  R.  W.  Dixon. 

Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

"  The  Slave  Ship.'''  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  who  wrote  the  words  of  a  song  called 
"The  Slave  Ship,"  music  by  Russell  ?   Granger. 

Winsley  Family.  —  In  searching  the  registers  of 
1560,  or  thereabouts,  of  three  adjoining  parishes 
in  Lincolnshire,  the  name  of  Winsley  occurs  With 
that  of  Winkley  or  Winckley ;  and  as  the  regis- 
ters, in  two  cases  at  least,  appear  to  have  been 
copied,  from  the  originals,  there  is  a  probaliility 
that  the  entries  are  all  intended  for  the  family  of 
Winkley,  the  letter  k  having  been  converted  into 
the  long  s.  Will  any  of  your  readers  kindly  in- 
stance such  a  change  either  in  copying  or  the 
alteration  of  a  name  on  its  first  introduction  to  a 

*  To  which  a  note  is  added,  "Mile.  Sall^,  celebre 
danseuse  de  I'opera  de  Paris,  etait  alors  en  Angleterre." 


354 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '69. 


new  locality  ?  Or  can  they  state  whether  the 
family  of  Winsley  did  reside  in  Lincolnshire  ? 
There  are  now,  I  believe,  no  members  of  the 
last-named  family  residing  there,  although  there 
are  many  of  the  other.  L.  W. 

HocJiabench  or  Aukabench.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  oblige  me  with  the  etymology  of  the  word 
Hockabench  or  Aukabench?  It  is  a  name  given 
by  the  inhabitants  of  the  village  of  Colerne,  near 
Chippenham,  to  some  large  old  stones  placed  on 
the  summit  of  a  hill  commanding  two  extensive 
,  valleys,  aiid  on  which  the  old  villagers  meet  Sun- 
day mornings  to  "  discuss"  village  politics. 

I  have  carefully  referred  to  the  old  Saxon  roots, 
but  can  find  none  to  enable  me  to  satisfy  myself 
either  as  to  its  derivation  or  corruption. 

Hubert  S.  Grist. 

45.  Florence  Street,  Canonbury,  N. 

Cooper  Family.  —  What  would  be  the  most 
likely  means  of  ascertaining  the  date  of  birth, 
parentage,  and  descent  of  Austin  Cooper,  who 
was  born  at  Byefleet  in  Surrey,  in  England, 
where  he  had  a  paternal  property,  and  wlio  had 
a  son  (Austin)  born  at  Hampton  Court  in  1653, 
and  who,  moreover,  having  purchased  some  lands 
of  one  Hammond,  a  soldier  of  Cromwell,  was 
obliged,  on  the  Restoration  of  Charles  XL,  to  for- 
feit the  same  ;  whereupon  he  sold  all  his  posses- 
sions in  England,  and  repaired  to  Ireland  in 
1661  ?  Also,  who  the  Cooper  of  Surrey  is,  men- 
tioned in  Burke's  General  Armory  ?  A.  C. 

Difference  in  Heraldry.  —  The  crescent  is  said 
in  works  on  heraldry  to  be  used  to  distinguish  the 
second  son  of  a  family  or  the  second  branch  of 
a  family.  In  what  way,  when  designating  the 
second  branch  of  a  family,  was  the  crescent  in- 
herited ?  by  the  head  of  that  branch,  or  by  all  the 
members  ?  I  find  on  a  seal  attached  to  the  will 
of  Gov.  Thomas  Dudley,  who  died  at  Boston, 
N.  E.,  in  1652,  a  lion  rampant  with  a  crescent 
for  difference.  He  must  have  inherited  the  cres- 
cent, if,  as  represented,  he  was  the  only  son  of  his 
father  (Ciipt.  Roger  Dudley),  and  yet  he  does 
not  appear  to  luive  transmitted  it  to  his  second 
son.  Gov.  Joseph  Dudley,  who  used  the  same 
arms  without  a  crescent.  Metacom. 

Roxbury,  U.  S. 

The  Earl  of  Clarendon. — It  seems  odd  that  the 
enemies  of  this  illustrious  statesman,  having  pro- 
cured his  banishment  from  the  kingdom,  and  pre- 
vented him  from  corresponding  or  returning  to 
it,  should  not  have  raised  an  objection  on  his 
death  to  his  body  being  transported  into  England 
and  buried  in  Henry  VII.'s  chapel  in  Westminster 
Abbey.  Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  may  be 
able  to  account  for  his  remains  being  permitted 
to  receive  that  honour.  D.  S. 


Do  Horses  tremble  when  they  see-a  Camel? — The 
author  of  Adam  Bede,  Blackwood,  4Lh  edit.  vol.  i. 
p.  68.,  says  in  reference  to  the  "smart  rap,  as  if 
with  a  willow  wand,"  given  twice  "at  the  house 
door  "  (the  death- warning  of  Thias  Bede  the 
night  he  was  drowned)  :  — 

"Adam  was  not  a  man  to  be  gratuitously  superstitious, 
but  he  had  the  blood  of  the  peasant  in  him,  as  well  as 
of  the  artizan  ;  and  a  peasant  can  no  more  help  believing 
in  a  traditional  superstition  than  a  horse  can  help  trem- 
bling when  he  sees  a  camel." 

I  have  italicised  the  latter  part  of  the  paragraph 
on  which  I  found  my  Query.  Is  this  a  fact  or  a 
fiction  ?  The  character  of  the  work  and  the  as- 
sertion itself  incline  me  to  think  there  must  be 
some  truth  in  it;  but  as  I  have  never  seen  a 
horse  vis  a  vis  with  a  camel,  and  never  heard  or 
read  the  observation  before,  I  thought  it  would 
not  be  out  of  the  line  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  make  a 
Query  of  it.  George  Lloyd. 

Lord  Bacons  SJmll.  —  Quaint  Thomas  Fuller, 
in  his  Worthies.,  art.  "  Westminster,"  after  relating 
the  burial  of  Sir  Francis  Bacon  by  his  express 
desire  in  St.  Michael's  Church,  St.  Albans,  adds 

"  Since  I  have  read  that  his  grave  being  occasionally 
opened,  his  scull  (the  relique  of  civil  veneration)  was  by 
one  King,  a  Doctor  of  Physick,  made  the  object  of  scorn 
and  contempt;  but  he  who  then  derided  the  dead  has 
since  become  the  laughingstock  of  the  living." 

Is  there  any  foundation  for  this  story  ?  and,  if 
true,  was  the  skull  of  the  great  philosopher  re- 
stored to  his  tomb  ?  Who  was  the  impudent 
charlatan,  Dr.  King,  that  dared  to  bold  this  me- 
mento mori  up  to  ridicule  ?  W.  J.  Pinks. 

Cartmel,  its  Derivation  :  Service  Silver  :  Gres- 
son :  Knowinge.  —  Dr.  Whittaker,  in  his  History 
of  Whalley  Abbey,  states  that  the  above  name  is 
derived  from  the  combination  of  two  British 
words,  Kert,  signifying  a  camp  or  fortification, 
and  inell,  a  fell,  combined,  a  fortress  among  the 
fells.  This  I  believe  not  to  be  the  correct  defi- 
nition. I  would  prefer  two  British  words,  each 
more  definite  than  the  above,  viz.  Cnrth.,  a  cape, 
ridge,  or  promontory,  and  meall,  sand  banks  :  or 
there  is  another  British  word  to  offer,  viz.  moel, 
bare  of  wood  :  either  is  appropriate,  but  the 
former  is  certainly  the  more  legitimate  and  ap- 
plicable of  the  two.  If  your  readers  trace  on  the 
map  of  England  Morecambe  Bay,  where  Cartmel 
will  be  found  projecting  into  the  bay,  and  nearly 
surrounded  when  the  tide  is  up,  by  its  waters  and 
its  tributary  rivers  the  Kent  and  Leven ;  after  the 
tide  recedes  the  scene  becomes  one  vast  desert  of 
sand  extending  for  miles. 

The  earliest  account  of  this  place  is  by  a  grant 
of  Egfrid,  King  of  Northumbria,  to  St.  Cuthbert, 
when  consecrated  Bishop  of  Hexham  in  the  year 
685,  when  he  then  gave  him  "  Carthmell,  and  all 
in  it  to  the  Church."     (See  Baines'  Lancas.^  vol. 


2'"i  S.  VIII.,  Oct.  29.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


355 


iv.  p.  715.)  In  the  Taxatio  Eccles.  P.  Nicholai, 
it  is  written  Karthimel,  and  Kerthmel.  Leland, 
in  his  Itin.,  vol.  viii.  p.  94.,  writes  Carthemaile. 
Camden,  in  his  Brit.^  vol.  iii.  p.  380.,  writes  Carth- 
mell ;  the  same  in  the  Parliamevtary  Survey  of 
Church  Lands,  1649  ;  and  Cm-thmele  in  a  deed  of 
Prior  Hall  of  Cartmel — and  Kerthmell  in  a  deed 
of  King  John  to  W.  Mareschall,  Earl  of  Pem- 
broke, the  founder  of  the  priory,  in  1189.  In  the 
time  of  St.  Cuthbert  there  was  a  place  named 
Sudgedluit  in  Cartmel,  which  I  presume  to  have 
been  the  chief  town  of  the  district  of  Cartmel. 
Nothing  is  known  of  it  now.  What  is  the  mean- 
ing of  the  name  ?  and  is  anything  known  of  it  in 
history  ?  And  also  the  meaning  and  origin  of  a 
rent  called  "service-silver,"  the  amount  being 
8/.  15s.  3c?,  and  with  another  charged  on  fifteen 
farms  formerly  belonging  to  Cartmel  Priory, 
namely,  a  "  gresson,"  or  rent  called  the  "  know- 
inge,"  of  11.  17*.  \Od.y  this  latter  payable  every 
second  year  and  a  half.  James  Finlayson. 

Mechanics'  Institution,  Manchester. 

Rev.  Anthony  Nourse  Sanderson,  was  rector  of 
Newton  Longiieville,  Bucks,  and  died  and  was 
buried  there  in  1793  or  4.  I  shall  be  obliged  if 
any  of  your  readers  can  give  information  of  the 
Christian  name  and  residence  of  the  father  of  the 
above.  R.  W. 

Guildhall,  Worcester. 

Duke  of  Bolton. — Popular  report  says  that  the 
Marquis  of  Winchester  created  Duke  of  Bolton, 
affected  mental  derangement  on  account  of  poli- 
tical troubles  in  which  he  was  involved  prior  to 
the  Revolution  of  1688.  It  is  said  that  he  hunted 
in  his  woods  at  Bolton  Hall  in  Yorkshire  by 
torch  light.  Can  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  & 
Q."  supply  any  information  on  this  subject?* 

M.4. 


Minor  «auertci  tuttib  an^toerjS. 

Nell  Gwyns  House  at  Windsor. — The  following 
is  a  warrant  from  King  Charles  XL  touching  a 
legal  instrument  executed  in  September  in  the 
thirty-second  year  of  his  reign,  conveying  in  trust 
Buribrd  House,  &c.  to  Eleanor,  or  Ellen  Gwynn, 
for  her  life,  and  after  her  to  her  issue  Charles 
Earl  of  Burford,  &c.  Are  the  premises  herein 
described  still  standing?  or  is  the  site  in  Windsor 
to  be  pointed  out  ? 

"  Cha»  the  2"^  etc.  To  our  r'  trusty  and  r'  welbeloved 
Cousin  Charles  Earle  of  Dorset  and"  Middlesex  and  to 
our  trusty  and  welbeloved  S''  Geo  Hewit  Bar'  S''  Edw<* 

*  It  should  be  stated  for  the  benefit  of  those  interested 
in  historical  research,  that  a  chest  of  ancient  documents 
relating  to  Bolton  Castle  and  the  estates,  dating  from  the 
period  of  the  foundation  of  the  castle,  is  preserved  at 
Bolton  Hal!,  the  Yorkshire  residence  of  the  present  Lord 
Bolton. 


Villiers  Kn'  and  Will  Chiffinch  Esq.  greeting.  Whereas 
by  certain  indentures  of  lease  and  release  bearing  date 
the  13"»  and  H""  of  Sept.  in  the  32"'i  yeare  of  our  reigne 
and  by  an  indenture  of  assignment  d'ated  the  s^  14"»  of 
Septemb.  William  Chiffinch  Esqr.  did  by  and  with  our 
privity  and  direction  grant  release  convey  and  assignc 
to  you  the  s<i  Charles  E.  of  Dorset  and  Middx,  S""  George 
Hewet  Bart  and  S""  Edwi  Villiers  Kn*  and  your  heirs 
executors  and  assigns  all  that  new  erected  capitall  mes- 
suage or  mansion  house  now  called  or  knowne  by  the 
name  of  Burford  House  with  the  gardens  orchards  out 
houses  stables  and  appurtenances  thereunto  belonging 
situate  and  being  in  New  Windsor  in  the  co.  of  Barks, 
and  by  the  s''  deeds  the  same  are  declared  to  be  in  trust 
for  Ellen  Gwyn  for  and  during  her  life  and  after  her  de- 
cease in  trust  for  Charles  Earl  of  Burford  and  the  heirs 
males  of  his  body  And  for  default  of  such  issue  in  trust 
for  us  our  heirs  &  successors  for  ever.  And  whereas  our 
intention  was  the  sayd  house  should  have  been  declared 
not  only  with  provision  for  the  heirs  males  but  also  for 
the  heirs  females  of  the  !»'  E.  of  Burford  and  for  de- 
fault of  such  issue  of  the  s"!  E.  of  Burford  to  and  for  the 
use  and  benefit  of  the  sayd  Ellen  Gwynn  and  her  heirs 
for  ever  and  not  in  trust  for  us  our  heirs  and  successors. 
Our  will  and  pleasure  therefore  is  and  we  do  hereby  di- 
rect and  appoint  that  you  make  and  declare  further  trusts 
and  estates  of  and  in  the  sayd  premisses  according  to  our 
sayd  intention  herein  before  expressed  by  such  deed  and 
conveyance  or  conveyances  as  the  aayd  Ellen  Gwyn  or 
her  Councell  learned  in  the  law  shall  approve  of.  And 
for  so  doing  any  act  or  thing  relating  thereunto  these  pre- 
sents or  the  enrollment  thereof  shall  be  a  sufficient  war- 
rant. Given  at  Whitehatt  the  7^^  day  of  Februarj%  168f ." 

Cl.  Hopper. 

[We  learn  from  Tighe  and  Davis's  Annals  of  Windsor, 
ii.  327.  441.,  that  Yerrio's  pencil  was  employed  by  the 
king's  orders  to  paint  the  staircases  in  the  house  at 
Windsor  in  which  Nell  Gwyn  resided,  then,  or  soon 
after,  called  Burford  House,  from  being  the  residence  of 
her  son,  the  young  Earl  of  Burford,  afterwards  created 
Duke  of  St.  Albans.  This  house  is  the  subject  of  KnyfF's 
well-known  large  engraving,  entitled  "A  Trospect  of  the 
House  at  Windsor  belonging  to  his  Grace  Charles  Beau- 
clerk,  Duke  of  St.  Albans,  Earl  of  Burford,  and  Baron  of 
Heddington,  Cap*  of  the  Hon^Ji*  Band  of  Gentlemen  Pen- 
sioners, Mifrshall  and  Surveyor  of  the  Hawkes  to  His 
Maj*'<=,  and  one  of  the  Gentlemen  of  His  Maj"  Bed  Cham- 
ber (L.  Knytf,  De.  J.  Kip,  Scu.)."  The  only  letter  of 
Nell  Gwyn's  composition  known  to  exist  is  dated 
"  Windsor,  Burford  House,  April  14,  1684."  (Cunning- 
ham's Nell  Gwyn,  p.  151.)  It  seems  that  somewhere 
about  the  year  1690,  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Denmark 
removed  from  this  residence ;  but  it  was  subsequently 
again  occupied  by  the  Duke  of  St.  Albans.  The  evidence 
in  support  of  the  statement  that  the  house  originallj' 
occupied  bj-  Nell  Gwyn,  and  subsequently  hy  Prince 
George  of  Denmark,  was  identical  with  the  premises  oc- 
cupied by  the  Duke  of  St.  Albans,  seems  conclusive. 
The  house  was  situated  on  the  spot  now  occupied  by  the 
Queen's  Mews.  3 

Oath  of  Vargas.  —  There  was  a  painting  in  the 
Great  Exhibition  of  Paintings  at  Manchester  with 
this  title.  Could  some  correspondent  kindly  in- 
form me  to  what  it  refers  ?  Libya. 

[Vargas  is  a  name  of  such  frequent  occurrence  in 
Spanish  literature  and  art  that,  before  attempting  a  posi- 
tive reply  to  our  correspondent's  Query,  we  should  wish 
for  farther  particulars. 
^  Don  Juan  de  Vargas,  in  his  Aventures  (Paris,  1853), 


356 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"'»  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59. 


pays  a  visit  to  Pern,  where  his  life  is  saved  by  one  of  the 
Virgins  of  the  Sun.  Previously,  however,  she  imposes 
an  oath :  —  "  Ce  que  je  vais  faire  me  coiitera  probable- 
ment  la  vie,  mais  je  vais  sauver  la  tiennci  Jure-moi  par 
le  Dieu  que  tu  portes  h  ton  cou  de  ne  jamais  reveler  ce 
que  tu  verras,  et  suis-moi  "  (p.  56.).  She  then  conducts 
him  to  a  safe  retreat  in  the  subterranean  treasurj'  of  the 
"  Ingas."  Can  this  be  the  "oath  of  Vargas"  ?  Certainly 
the  Don  did  not  keep  it ;  for  he  proceeds  at  once  to  tell 
us  what  he  saw  under-ground.] 

Julitcs  Ccpsar's  Dispatch.  —  Where  can  I  find 
the  celebrated  dispatch  of  Julius  Csesar  to  the 
Senate  of  Rome,  of  Veni,  Vidi,  Vici,  for  I  have 
not  yet  been  able  to  find  the  author  who  men- 
tions it,  or  where  it  is  to  be  found  ?  S.  R. 

^This  celebrated  sententious  dispatch  is  mentioned  by 
Plutarch  in  his  Life  of  Julius  Cjesar.  He  says,  "In  the 
account  Cresar  gave  Amintius,  one  of  his  friends  in  Rome, 
of  the  rapidity  and  despatch  with  which  he  gained  his 
victory  over  Pharnaces,  he  made  use  only  of  three  words, 
Veni,  Vidi,  Vici.  Their  having  all  the  same  form  and 
termination  in  the  Roman  language  adds  grace  to  their 
conciseness."  Suetonius  (^J.  CcBsar,  xxxviii.)  does  not 
mention  it  as  a  despatch,  but  as  an  inscription  upon  a 
banner  carried  before  Caesar,  as  suggestive  of  the  celerity 
of  the  victory.] 

Quarles.  —  I  have  before  me  a  volume  of 
Quarles's  Poems ;  the  title-page  runs  as  follows : — 

"Divine  Poems;  containing  the  History  of  Jonah, 
Esther,  Job,  Sampson.  Together  with  Sion's  Sonnets 
and  Elegies.  Written  and  Augmented  by  Francis 
Quarles.  Now  illustrated  with  Sculptures  to  the  several 
Histories,  not  in  the  former  editions.  London,  printed 
for  Geo.  Sawbridge,  at  the  Three  Flower-de-Luces  in 
Little  Britain,  1706." 

My  object  is  to  inquire  whether  the  sculptures 
exist  anywhere  but  on  the  title-page  ?  My  copy 
is  in  the  original  binding,  and  it  is  evident  that 
no  illustrations  have  been  torn  out,  yet  none  are 
to  be  found  throughout  the  volume.  Could  some 
correspondent  kindly  inform  me  if  the  sculptures 
exist,  and,  if  so,  what  are  their  number  and  cha- 
racter? Libya. 

[In  the  edition  of  Quarles'  Divine  Poems  above  referred 
to,  there  should  be,  as  the  title-page  intimates,  "  sculp- 
tures "  to  each  history,  namely,  six  sm.  8vo.  pages,  each 
containing /owr  illustrations;  besides  the  "effigies"  of 
the  author  and  an  engraved  title-page,  the  latter  ex- 
hibiting a  man  poised  upon  a  human  skull,  with  a  crown 
and  sceptre  above  his  head.  The  entire  series  of  illus- 
trations is  very  poor  indeed.] 

"  Breeches  Bible."  —  A  curious  old  Bible  has 
just  come  into  my  hands,  and  I  should  like  to 
know  whether  it  is  of  any  value.  It  is  imperfect, 
having  lost  first  twenty  chapters  of  Genesis.  It  is 
bound  in  oak,  covered  with  leather,  and  had  iron 
clasps.  At  the  end  of  the  Bible  is  "  Imprinted  at 
London  by  the  Deputies  of  Christopher  Barker, 
Printer  to  the  Queene's  most  excellent  Maiestie, 
1599."  Sternhold  and  Hopkins's  Psalms  are 
added  at  the  end,  together  with  Venite,  Te 
Deum,  Lord's  Prayer,  Creeds,  Ten  Command- 
ments, &c.  &c.,  arranged  in  metre,  and  with  the 


first  verses  set  to  music.  Can  you  tell  me  who 
turned  these  into  rhymes,  and  who  composed  the 
music?  There  is  a  commentary  running  round 
and  at  the  foot  of  the  pages  all  through  the  Reve- 
lation, called  on  the  first  page  the  "  Annotations 
of  Francis  lunius."  Who  was  he  ?  In  the  "  Song 
of  S.  Ambrose,  called  Te  Deum,"  in  metre,  oc- 
curs "  To  thee  Cherub  and  Seraphim,  to  cry  they 
doe  not  lin."  This  evidently  means  to  cease,  but 
the  derivation  I  cannot  make  out.  Can  anyone 
assist  me  ?  U.  U.  U.  U. 

[This  is  the  commonest  of  all  the  Genevan  or  Breeches 
Bibles.  (See  1  Cor.  vi,  9.)  Sternhold  and  Hopkins  first 
published  the  Metrical  Psalms,  and  to  manj'  of  them 
placed  the  initials  of  the  versifier.  Francis  Junius  was  a 
learned  Dutch  divine,  whose  life  is  to  be  found  in  every 
biographical  Dictionary.  The  word  "lin"  is  from  the 
A.-S.  he-Unnen,  to  cease  or  stop,  to  desist.  See  Richard- 
son's Dictionary.  The  music,  especially  "  The  Old  Hun-  " 
dredth,"  cannot  be  traced  ;  probably  it  was  brought  bj-  the 
Marian  refugees  from  Switzerland. — George  Offok.] 

Astrological  Prediction  of  Moore's  Almanack.  — 
There  is  an  annual  publication  entitled  Vox  Stel- 
larum,  or  a  Loyal  Abnanack,  professing  to  tell 
future  events  from  the  position  of  the  heavenly 
bodies,  "  by  Francis  Moore,  Physician,"  with,  I 
rather  think,  a  motto  of  "Etiam  mortuus  loquitur," 
the  sagacious  Doctor  having  ceased  to  exist  for  at 
least  a  century.  But  I  wish  to  call  the  attention  of 
the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q.''  to  his  Almanack  for 
April,  1807,  in  which  (p.  9.)  he  prophesied  the 
death  of  the  Turkish  emperor,  and  adds,  "  if  he  can 
save  his  life  let  him ;  I  give  him  fair  warning  of 
it."  Now  I  do  not  recollect  how  this  prophecy 
was  fulfilled,  that  is  the  quomodo,  but  I  remember 
that  the  Sultan  died  upon  the  promulgation  of 
this  prediction,  whether  from  alarm  or  fright,  or 
whether  it  was  suggestive  of  the  use  of  the  bow- 
string by  which  his  existence  was  terminated. 
Perhaps,  as  the  matter  is  curious,  some  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  will  be  able  to  inform  me  ?  *. 

[Moore,  in  his  Almanack  of  the  following  j'ear  (April, 
1808,  p.  9.),  has  the  following  note :  "  The  Turks  and 
Russians  are  very  shy  of  each  other ;  and  let  the  Turks 
beware,  lest  they  fall  like  their  late  Emperor  Selim,  whose 
fall  I  predicted  in  April  last."  Our  prognosticator  seems 
to  have  hit  the  mark  for  once,  for  Selim  HI.  was  deposed 
on  May  29,  1807,  and  murdered  July  28,  1808.] 

Eikon  Basilica. — Will  you  kindly  inform  me 
by  what  marks  the  editio  princeps  of  the  Eikcoj'  Ba- 
(tlKikt]  may  be  known  ?  A  copy  which  has  given 
rise  to  this  question  has  the  following  title,  "Ej»ca)c 
BocriAtK^.  The  Povrtraictvre  of  His  Sacred  Ma- 
iestie in  his  Solitudes  and  Svff'erings.  Rom.  viii. 
More  then  Conquerour,  &c.  Bona  agere,  et  mala 
pati,  Regium  est.  m  dcxlviii."  Page  253.  is 
numbered  25.,  and  begins,  "  which  oft  happineth 
as  well  in  clear  as  clowdy  dayes."  If  7iot  the  first 
edition  I  shall  be  glad  to  know  which.      B.  H.  C. 

[The  copy  of  Eikon  Basilica  described  by  our  corre- 
spondent is  the  first  edition,  published  on  Feb.  9,  1648-9, 


2»«  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


357 


ten  da3'S  after  the  murder  of  Charles  I.  It  ought  to 
have  Marshall's  plate,  which  occupies  two  pages,  placed 
after  the  Errata  at  the  end  of  the  Contents.  The  paginal 
figures  253.  are  correctly  printed  in  the  copy  before  us. 
Another  edition  appeared  in  the  same  year  with  the  fol- 
lowing imprint  on  the  title-page:  "Reprinted  In  R.  M. 
[Regis  Memoriam]  An.  Dom.  1648."  Pages  268.  Mal- 
colm Laing  observes,  that  "  had  this  work  appeared  a 
week  sooner,  it  might  have  preserved  the  King."] 


SIB  RICHARD   NANFAN   AND   CARDINAL   WOLSEY. 

(2"^  S.  viii.  228,  294.) 

In  starting  this  subject,  Armiger  made  three 
inquiries.  (1.)  "  Is  it  the  fact  that  Cardinal  Wolsey 
was  ever  chaplain  to  Sir  John  Nanfan  at  Morton 
Court,  Worcestershire  ?  (2.)  Can  any  of  your 
readers  inform  me  how  long  Cardinal  Wolsey  was 
an  inmate  of  Morton  Court  ?  and  (3.)  Who  is 
the  representative  of  the  ancient  Cornwall  family 
of  Nanfan  ?  "  The  answer  to  the  two  first  ques- 
tions is,  that  Wolsey  was  never  chaplain  to  Sir 
John  Nanfan,  and  never  at  Morton  Court.  The 
writer  in  p.  294.  who  signs  Red  Hat  and  Stock- 
ings —  and  who,  from  his  adopting  the  eulogistic 
phrases  of  that  "  great  and  good  man,"  and  that 
"  fine  baronial  seat,"  seems  to  be  a  perfect  echo 
of  Armiger,  if  not  an  alter  idem,  —  too  readily 
assumes  for  granted  that  Morton  Court  was 
"  once  the  abode  of  that  eminent  ecclesiastic," 
and  that  there  must  be  "  equal  recognition  of  the 
honour  once  conferred  "  on  the  "  fine  old  baronial 
residence  "  by  "  the  presence  of  the  cardinal,"  — 
that  "  pious  and  learned  priest,"  as  he  was  called 
by  Armiger.  The  second  writer  proceeds  to 
say  that  "  It  appears  that  the  cardinal  was  chap- 
lain to  John  Nanfan,  Esq.,  son  and  heir  of  Sir 
Richard  Nanfan,  who  was  sheriff  of  Worcester- 
shire in  the  first  year  of  the  reign  of  Henry  VII., 
Captain  of  Calais,  and  a  knight  and  esquire  of 
the  body  to  Henry  VII."  Now,  the  answer  to 
all  this  misapprehension  lies  in  the  passage  (quoted 
by  T.  E.  W.  in  p.  294.)  from  Cavendish's  Life  of 
Wolsey.  We  are  told  by  that  charming  ^old 
biographer,  that  Wolsey,  having  fallen  into  ac- 
quaintance with  "  one  Sir  John  Nanphant,  a  very 
grave  and  ancient  knight  who  had  a  great  room 
in  Calais  under  King  Henry  the  Seventh,"  be- 
came his  chaplain.  In  the  position  of  a  chaplain 
it  was  then  usual  for  clerks  to  acquit  themselves 
as  the  active  servants  of  their  patrons  in  secular 
as  well  as  spiritual  matters,  and  very  often  they 
were  more  busily  engaged  in  the  former  than  in 
the  latter  capacity.  So  it  was  with  him  whom 
Armiger  styles  "  this  learned  and  pious  priest," 
Thomas  Wulcy,  as  he  then  wrote  his  name. 
"  Ilissaid  master"  (writes  Cavendish)  "admiring 
his  wit,  gravity,  and  just  behaviour,  committed 
all  the  charge  of  his  office  unto  his  chaplain,  and 


(as  I  understand)  the  office  was  the  Treasurer- 
ship  of  Calais."  Consequently,  it  was  at  Calais 
that  Wolsey  was  chaplain  to  Sir  Richard  Nan- 
fant,  and  not  at  Morton  Court ;  for,  as  Cavendish 
proceeds  to  relate,  on  the  old  knight  returning  to 
England,  "  his  chaplain  was  promoted  to  the 
King's  service,  and  made  his  chaplain."  The  late 
Mr.  Holmes,  the  last  editor  of  Cavendish's  Life 
of  Wolsey,  has  appended  the  following  note  to 
the  name  of  "  Sir  John  Nanphant"  :  — 

"  Probably  a  mistake  for  Sir  Richard  Nanfan  of  Birts- 
morton  in  Worcestershire,  who  on  the  21  Sept.  1485,  was 
made  hereditary  sheriff  of  Worcestershire,  which  ofHce, 
however,  he  held  onl}'  two  years,  returning  to  the  wars. 
He  was  captain  of  Calais,  and  esquire  of  the  bodj'  to 
Henry  VII.    The  family  became  extinct  in  1704." 

There  is  no  doubt  that  Cavendish  made  a  mis- 
take in  the  old  knight's  Christian  name,  but  he 
was  probably  right  in  that  of  his  office.  Sir 
Richard  Nanfan  was  not  Captain  of  Calais,  i.  e. 
Captain  of  the  Castle  ;  but  Treasurer  of  the  gar- 
rison and  government  —  an  office  especially  re- 
quiring able  administration,  and  one  in  which 
Wulcy  would  have  the  best  experience  that  the 
times  afforded  for  "  a  sucking  statesman."  Dr. 
Nash,  the  historian  of  Worcestershire,  who  was 
not  a  very  precise  writer,  has  led  the  way  to  the 
mistatement  respecting  the  office  :  in  his  pedigree 
of  Nanfan  he  styles  Sir  Richard  "  treasurer  of 
Calais,  and  deputy-lieutenant  of  the  same,"  but 
in  his  narrative  (vol.  i.  p.  86.),  "  Captain  of 
Calais."  This  misled  Mr.  Holmes,  who  fell  into 
another  error  in  stating  that  Sir  Richard  "  was 
made  hereditary  sheriff  of  Worcestershire,"  for  he 
was  only  so  appointed  for  life  —  ad  terminum 
vitce.  (Nash,  vol.  i.  pp»-xiv.  xvii.)  It  may  be 
added,  that  he  appears  to  have  been  living  in 
1502,  when  he  presented  to  the  church  of  Birts 
Morton,  and  died  before  1510,  when  his  son  John 
presented  to  the  same. 

Before  I  conclude,  allow  me  to  ask  Red  Hat 
AND  Stockings  what  are  his  authorities  in  speak- 
ing of  "  Empson's  house  in  Fleet  Street,  iier  r 
Temple  Bar,  which  was  occupied  by  the  Cardinal 
whilst  Dean  of  Lincoln."  I  am  aware  of  the  ex- 
istence of  the  painted  board  which  designates  a 
certain  hairdresser's    shop    as    the   palace    op 

HENRY   the    eighth   AND    CARDINAL    WOLSEY,    and 

thereby  "  announces  that  it  was  once  the  palace 
of  that  great  and  good  man ;  "  but  I  have  never 
learned  the  origin  of  that  proud  assumption. 
Among  the  few  remains  of  old  domestic  architec- 
ture that  now  linger  in  our  metropolitan  streets, 
the  house  in  question  certainly  presents  an  in- 
teresting example  of  a  decorated  front :  its  car- 
vings, however,  are  evidently  complimentary  to 
the  Trince  of  Wales  in  the  reign  of  Charles  the 
First,  or  in  that  of  James  the  First  at  the  earliest. 
To  call  it  "  the  palace  of  Henry  the  Eighth  "  is 
unquestionably  the  height  of  absurdity :    and  I 


358 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'«i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59. 


must  admit,  that  I  have  hitherto  regarded  the 
mention  of  Cardinal  Wolsey's  name,  in  connection 
with  it,  with  equal  incredulity.  But  we  are  now 
presented  with  the  specific  statements,  that  it  was 
"  Empson's  house,"  and  "  occupied  by  the  Car- 
dinal whilst  Dean  of  Lincoln."  For  those  state- 
ments I  beg  to  ask  for  proof:  otherwise  I  shall  be 
disposed  to  agree  (more  closely  than  I  have 
hitherto  done)  with  the  assertion  of  Red  Hat 
AND  Stockings  that  "  certainly  as  valuable  asso- 
ciations — -  so  far  as  Wolsey  is  concerned  —  are 
attached  to  Morton  Court." 

John  Gough  Nichols. 


BEV.   JOHN    ANDERSON,    MINISTER   OF   DUMBARTON. 

(2"«  S.  vii.  435. ;  viii.  255.) 

As  the  career  of  this  northern  polemic  seems  to 
interest  some  of  your  readers,  the  following  notes 
gleaned  during  a  somewhat  close  examination  of 
the  records,  civil  and  ecclesiastical,  of  the  parish 
in  which  he  was  so  long  minister,  may  not  be 
consiflered  out  of  place.  The  first  to  which  I 
would  draw  attention  corrects  an  error  into  which 
your  correspondent  C.  D.  L.  has  inadvertently 
/alien  as  to  Anderson's  early  career.  From  the 
recollection  of  a  missing  memorandum,  your  cor- 
respondent states  that  Anderson,  before  removing 
to  Dumbarton,  had  been  presented  to  a  parish  by 
the  Duke  of  Montrose.  On  coming  to  Dumbar- 
ton, in  1698,  he  is  spoken  of  as  a  probationer — a 
phrase  that  hardly  applies  to  a  placed  minister. 
At  a  meeting  in  February,  1698,  "the  Presbytery 
being  informit  of  a  young  man,  Mr.  John  Ander- 
son, probationer  att  Edipburgh,  licensed  by  that 
Presbytery,  and  who  preaches  frequently  there  to 
good  satisfaction  both  of  ministers  and  people,  at 
the  request  of  the  magistrates  (in  whose  gift  the 
living  is),  write  him  to  supply  Dumbarton."  A 
formal  call  being  afterwards  given  by  the  parish, 
the  Presbytery  proceeded  with  his  trials  in  order 
to  ordination  ;  but  on  the  12th  July  "  did  seriously 
posse  him  about  his  mariadge  and  principles  of 
Presbyterian  government,  but  all  the  brethren 
were  satisfied  with  his  answers ;  so  far  that  they 
find  it  not  expedient  to  object  anything  against 
him  upon  these  heads  hereafter."  A  little  farther 
delay,  however,  ensued,  and  a  committee  was  ap- 
pointed to  inquire  into  "  the  complex  circum- 
stances of  the  case."  A  favourable  report  being 
presented  to  the  Presbytery  by  this  committee, 
the  ordination  was  fixed  to  take  place  on  Sep- 
tember 14th.  The  more  prominent  features  in 
Anderson's  life  from  this  point  are  noticed  in 
an  article,  of  which  he  is  the  subject,  in  Cham- 
bers's Biographical  Dictionary.  It  has  been 
stated  that  Anderson  was  indebted  for  his  first 
advance  in  life  to  the  Duke  of  Montrose.  I  have 
always  understood  it  to  be  the  Duke  of  Argyle, 


in  whose  family  he  acted  as  tutor,  and  with  whom 
he  continued  in  habits  of  intimacy  during  his  life. 
It  is  highly  improbable  that,  at  the  end  of  the 
seventeenth  century,  the  houses  of  Argyll  and 
Montrose  would  stifle  their  strong  enmity  to  ad- 
vance the  interests  of  a  poor  scholar  like  Anderson. 
Indeed,  his  strong  Presbyterian  sympathies  makes 
his  connexion  with  Montrose  a  most  unlikely  oc- 
currence. On  the  other  hand  his  connexion  with 
Argyll  cannot  be  disputed  ;  and  if  reliance  could 
be  placed  in  one  ofWoodrow's  gossiping  corre- 
spondents, it  would  appear  that  John  Anderson 
sought  through  the  influence  of  that  family  to  at- 
tain greater  honour  than  he  ever  reached.  Writ- 
ing from  Glasgow,  on  the  6th  January,  1716,  it  is 
recorded :  — 

"  Mr.  Anderson,  of  Dumbarton,  is  in  town.  I  believe 
that  he  is  petitioning  the  Duke  [of  Argyll]  about  the 
Principall  of  Edinburgh's  place." 

This  must  have  been  on  the  death  of  Carstairs, 
when  William  Wishart,  one  of  the  ministers  of 
Edinburgh,  was  appointed  to  the  Principalship, 
In  the  Argyll  and  Burnhanh  Papers  (printed  at 
Edinburgh  in  1834),  from  which  the  above  is 
taken,  other  notices  will  be  found  of  Anderson's 
connexion  with  the  Argyll  family.  It  may  thus 
be  readily  understood  that  when  Rosneath  parish 
became  vacant,  James  Anderson  was  none  the 
less  acceptable  to  the  patron  from  being  the  son 
of  the  minister  of  Dumbarton.  The  "  call"  which 
Anderson  received  from  the  North- west  church 
in  Glasgow  was  most  strenuously  resisted  by  the 
Presbytery  and  the  Town  Council  of  Dumbarton. 

Among  the  Smollett  Papers  at  Cameron  House 
in  this  county,  which  I  had  recently  an  oppoi*- 
tunity  of  examining,  there  is  the  draft  of  a  re- 
monstrance indorsed  "  Paper  against  Mr.  Ander- 
son's Transportation."  It  is  addressed  to  the 
ministers  of  the  Presbytery  of  Dumbarton,  and 
declares  that  there  is  no  reason  for  the  proposed 
change,  but  to  "  satisfy  the  humours  of  a  proud 
people,  who  are  the  sons  of  pride,  who  delight  in 
robbing  their  neighbours  of  their  property." 
Several  scripture  parallels  are  then  adduced,  and 
the  remonstrance  concludes  with  a  desire  that  the 
Presbytery  should  not  add  fuel  to  the  fire  of  the 
pride  of  the  people  of  Glasgow,  but  rather  seek 
to  quench  it  with  the  water  of  disappointment. 
Another  glimpse  of  this  "transportation"  busi- 
ness is  obtained  in  one  of  Woodrow's  letters  to 
the  Rev.  James  Hart,  Edinburgh,  and  published 
in  the  edition  of  his  correspondence  issued  by  the 
Woodrow  Society.  I  would  be  glad  if  any  of 
your  correspondents  could  furnish  me  with  the 
exact  date  of  Anderson's  death.  It  was,  I  appre- 
hend, between  1721  and  1723;  his  successor  was 
appointed  in  the  last-mentioned  year.  Samuel 
Royse  published  Verses  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of 
the  Bev.  John  Anderson,  Minister  at  Glasgow,  ob. 
anno  1721.    If  this  is  the  correct  date,  it  would 


2°^  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


359 


appear  that  Anderson  had  not  been  more  than  a 
year  or  so  in  his  new  charge,  for  his  final  settle- 
ment in  Glasgow  did  not  take  place  till  1720. 
The  following  list  of  John  Anderson's  writings,  as 
complete  it  is  believed  as  can  now  be  made  up, 
will  illustrate  his  life  more  exactly  than  any  ver- 
bal account  could  do  :  — 

"  Dialogue  between  a  Countryman  and  a  Curat,  con- 
cerning the  English  Service,  or  Book  of  Common  Prayer 
of  England.    4to.,  Glasgow,  1711,  pp.  24. 

A  Second  Dialogue  between  a  Curat  and  a  Country- 
man, concerning  the  English  Service.  Glasgow,  1711, 
4to.,  pp.  43. 

The  Countryman's  Letter  to  the  Curat,  wherein,  be- 
sides a  Historical  View  of  the  English  Liturgie,  the  As- 
sertions of  the  Author  of  the  Fundamental  Charter  of 
Presbytery,  concerning  its  Universal  Usage  in  Scotland 
at  the  Time  of  the  Reformation,  are  examined  and  proved 
to  be  false.    Glasgow,  1711,  4to.,  pp.  95. 

Curate  Calder  Whipped,  1713. 

A  Sermon  preached  in  the  Church  of  Air  on  the  First 
of  April,  1712.  Glasgow,  printed  by  Hugh  Brown, 
4to., . 

Two  Sermons  preached  at  Hamilton,  upon  the  late 
Communion,  by  Mr.  J.  A.,  Minister  of  the  Gospel,  1713. 
(Probably  by  Mr.  Anderson. ) 

Defence  of  the  Church-Government,  Faith,  Worship, 
and  Spirit  of  the  Presbj'terians,  in  Answer  to  Mr.  Thomas 
Ehind's  Apology.  Glasgow,  printed  by  Hugh  Brown, 
1714,  4to. ;  reprinted  in  1820,  8vo. 

Letter  from  Mr.  Anderson,  Minister  of  Dumbarton,  to 
Walter  Stewart  of  Pardovan.    Glasgow,  1718,  4to. 

Mr.  Anderson's  Letters  (six),  on  the  Overtures  con- 
cerning Kirk-Sessions  and  Presbyteries.  Glasgow,  1720, 
8vo.  [Writing  of  this  controversy,  Mr.  Anderson  re- 
marks, 'I  must  needs  confess  that  it  is  the  most  melancholy 
subject  I  ever  wrote  upon.  There  was  pleasure  as  well 
as  duty  in  contending  with  our  prelatic  adversaries ;  but 
alas, — 

*  In  civil  war,  to  lose  or  gain's  the  same. 
To  gain's  no  glorj',  and  to  lose  a  shame.' 3 

Works  relating  to  John  Anderson. 

The  Answer  to  the  Dialogue  between  the  Curat  and 
the  Countryman  concerning  the  English  Service,  or  Com- 
mon Praj'er  Book  of  England,  examined ;  in  a  familiar 
Letter  to  the  Author  of  the  Answer.     1712,  4to.,  pp.  68. 

Robert  Calder's  Return  to  the  Answer,  folio,  1712. 

Animadversions  upon  Mr.  John  Anderson,  Minister  of 
Dumbarton,  his  Charge  of  Heretical  Doctrine,  &c.,  on 
Mr.  James  Clerk,  Minister  of  Glasgow.   Edinburgh,  1718. 

Two  Sermons  against  Treacherous  and  Double-dealing, 
with  an  Answer  to  Mr.  Anderson,  Dumbarton,  by  Wil- 
liam Smart,  Edinburgh.     1714. 

Earl  of  Cromarty's  Vindication  of  his  Gowrie  Con- 
spiracy from  Mistakes  of  Mr.  J.  A.     1714,  4to. 

The  Nail  struck  on  the  Head ;  or  an  Indictment  drawn 
np  against  Mr.  Anderson,  Incumbent  at  Dumbarton,  by 
R.  Cald«r,  folio.    Edinburgh,  1712. 

Answer  \>y  Walter  Stewart  of  Pardovan,  to  the  Com- 
plaint given  against  him  by  Mr.  Anderson,  now  under 
Consideration  of  the  General  Assemblj'.    8vo.,  1718. 

Verses  Sacred  to  the  Memory  of  the  Rev.  John  Ander- 
son, Minister  of  Glasgow;  ob.  anno  1721." 

If  these  facts  regarding  the  career  of  a  local 
celebrity,  in  which  I  cannot  but  feel  interested, 
are  of  any  use  to  those  who  have  been  making 
inquiries  on  the  subject,  my  design  in  putting 
them  together  will  be  fully  accomplished. 

J.  Ikvinq. 


PERCY    society's    EDITION    OF    "  SYB   TRYAMOURE. 

(2°*  S.  viii.  225.) 

Be  pleased  to  accept  an  attempted  explanation 
of  all  the  eleven  passages  (except  the  first)  for- 
warded by  your  correspondent  E.  S.  J. 
1.  "  Y  may  evyr  after  thj's,"  &c. 

This  line  I  for  the  present  pass  by,  not  being 
able  to  suggest  an  explanation  without  proposing 
a  new  reading. 

2.  "  The  fyrste  that  rode  noghtfor  thy, 
Was  the  kyng  of  Lumbardj'." 

'■^Noghtfor  thy"=noi  for  they,  i.e.  not  for  them, 
or,  not  on  their  side.  Syr  Tryamoure  rode  at  the 
justyng  "  on  his  fadur's  syde  "  (for  the  Kyng  of 
Arragone,"  lines  735—6.).  The  fyrste  that  rode 
"  not  for  them,"  or  on  the  opposite  side,  was  the 
kyng  of  Lumbardy. 

3.  "  And  yf  hyt  so  betyde, 

That  the  knyght  of  owre  syde 
May  sle  yowrys  he  wyth  chawnce." 

"  May  ....  be  "  seems  here  to  be  a  poetical 
division  of  the  old  word  mayhe,  signifying  perhaps. 
"  May  sle  yowrys  be  wyth  chawnce  "="  Maybe 
slay  your's  with  chance."  That  is,  "  If  it  so  be- 
tide. That  the  knight  of  our  side  i?erhaps  chance 
to  slay  yours,"  let  that  settle  it. 

4.  "  In  every  o/londe  of  moste  renowne." 

Two  instances  where  of  is  thus  used  after  every 
are  cited  by  Richardson  :  — 

"  Of  everich  of  tho  theoves." — Piers  Plouhman, 

(Of  each  of  those  thieves.) 

"  Everich  o/hem  doth  other  gret  honour." — Chaucer. 

5.  "  And  sche  answei-yd  them  there  on  hye." 
"  On  hye"  in  haste,  as  suggested  by  your  cor- 
respondent.    So  "  in  hye  :" — 

"  Tryamowre  kyssed  his  modur  iii  hye." — 1.  907. 
"  In  hie,  on  hie,  in  haste." — HalUwell. 

6.  "  Syr  Asseryn,  the  k3'nges  son  of  Naverne, 
Wolde  nevyr  man  hys  body  warne." 

"  Warne,  to  denj',  to  refuse." —  Wright. 
Syr  Asseryn  would  never  deny  any  one,  would 
never  refuse  any  man  a  meeting.  To  warne,  or 
refuse,  his  body  corresponds  to  the  military  phrase 
still  in  use,  "  the  enemy  refused  his  right,"  "  re- 
fused his  left,"  &c. 

7.  "  Then  swere  the  fosters  alle  twelve, 
They  wolde  no  wedd  but  hymselfe, 
Other  we  he  hyi  noght." 

"  Be  "=&ie,  to  sufier.  (Wright.)  Then  sware 
the  foresters  (fosters)  all  twelve,  they  would  ac- 
cept no  pledge  but  himself;  "Other  we  suffer  it 
not "  (we  permit  no  other). 

8.  "  The  palmer  for  hym  can  grete." 

"  Grete"  to  cry,  to  weep,  still  used  in  Scotland. 
"  Can,"  here,  as  often,  nearly  equivalent  to  'gan 


S60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<i  S.  VIII.  Oct,  29,  '59. 


for  began.  Syr  Tryamoure  having  charitably  re- 
lieved a  palmer,  the  pahner  "  for  him  began  to 
weep  ;" — foreseeing  the  dangers  which  the  knight 
would  have  to  encounter  in  the  road  which  he  was 
pursuing. 

9.  "And  let  us  sinalle  go  wyth  thee." 

Burlond  and  Tryamoure  being  both  dismounted 
in  combat,  Tryamoure  smites  off  Burlond's  legs, 
so  that  "  Burlonde  on  hys  stompus  stode;"  and 
Tryamoure  appears  to  imply  in  his  speech  that  by 
this  chivalrous  operation  he  had  reduced  his  anta- 
gonist to  an  equality  with  himself. 

" '  A  lytulle  lower,  syr,'  sej'de  bee, 
'  And  let  us  smalle  go  wyth  thee. 
Now  are  we  both  at  one  assyze.' " 

What  is  smalle  ?  The  last  line,  be  it  observed, 
evidently  intimates  that  the  two  parties  were  now 
on  an  equality.  "  Now  are  we  both  on  a  par  " 
(assyse,  position,  situation)  ;  which  may  be  ex- 
plained by  supposing  that  Burlond,  previous  to 
the  loss  of  his  legs,  was  of  extraordinary  stature, 
as  well  as  of  unusual  bulk,  which  his  name  seems 
to  imply.  Now  as,  in  the  preceding  line,  the 
word  smalle,  taken  in  its  ordinary  sense,  hardly 
makes  a  clear  meaning,  I  would  venture  to  sug- 
gest that  it  is  here  a  contracted  form  of  the  A.-S. 
sammcele,  similar,  consentient.  "  A  little  lower. 
Sir,  said  he  ;  let  us  go  snmmcele  with  thee;"  i.  e. 
let  us  be  on  an  equality.  Cf.  in  Romance,  semle, 
similar,  equal.     So  in  Chaucer  :  — 

"  Witnesse  on  Mida ;  wol  ye  here  the  tale  ? 
Ovide,  amonges  other  thinges  smale. 
Said,  Mida  had  under  his  long  heres 
Growing  upon  his  hed  two  asses  eres." 

Ovid  said  not  this  "  amongst  (other)  things 
small,"  but  amongst  other  things  sammcele,  i.  e. 
amongst  other  things  of  the  same  kind. 

10.  "  And  the  knyglit  be  there  assente 

Schulde  wayne  wyth  the  lyynde." 

Your  correspondent  asks,  "  Does  wayne  = 
swing?"  Probably  so.  "  Waine,  to  move;  to 
shake  or  wag."  (Wright.)  If  the  queue  were 
found,  she  should  be  "  takyn  and  brente ;"  and 
[if]  the  knight  was  found  agreeing  or  consenting 
("  assente  "),  he  should  swing  on  a  gallows. 

11.  "  To  mete  as  they  were  sett  in  halle, 

Syr  IMarrok  was  there  far  withynney-ivys." 

Your  correspondent  suggests  "  n-ithin  y  wis." 
This  is  a  very  possible  reading;  for  we  find  y-wys 
in  lines  210  and  956.  But  might  we  not  take 
withynney-wys  as  it  stands  ?  So  the  learned  editor 
has  left  it ;  and  so,  we  may  infer,  he  understands 
it.  Sir  Marrok  was  far  within-wise  (quasi  A.-S. 
withinnan  wise.  Cf.  the  old  Engl,  withynne 
forth,  withynneforth). 

In  like  manner,  in  line  496.,  "  The  hound  ren- 
nyth  evyr  y-wys,  Tylle  he  come  there  hys  mayster 
ys,  He  fonde  not  that  he  soght,"  we  might  perhaps 
read,   "  The  hound  renneth  evyry-ioys"  that  is. 


every-ivise,  or  in  every  direction  (A.-S.  aelce  wise, 
seghlwilce  wise)  ;  just  what  a  dog  would  do,  in 
order  to  find  "  that  he  soght."  Thomas  Boys. 


SALE    OF   A   MAN   AND    HIS    PROGENY. 

(2'>^  S.  vi.  90. ;  viii.  278.) 

There  were  anciently  villeyns  in  gross  who  be- 
longed absolutely  to  their  lord,  and  were  saleable 
in  like  manner  as  his  cattle  or  his  horses.  And 
there  were  villeyns  regardant,  or  belonging  to  a 
manor  or  estate,  and  saleable  with  it.  The  former 
seem  to  have  been  simply  slaves ;  the  latter  serfs, 
attached  to  the  soil. 

Then  there  was  also  a  tenure  in  villenage;  by 
which  it  is  said  that  more  than  one  half  of  the 
land  in  England  was  once  held.  Tenants  in  vil- 
lenage were  such  as  held  land  by  the  condition  of 
performing  some  base  service  ;  but  were  not  them- 
selves the  property  of  the  lord,  nor  saleable  with 
the  land.  The  lord  could  sell  only  his  seigniory 
of  the  land,  with  their  conditioned  services.  This 
would  seem  to  have  been  a  step  from  the  more 
ancient  state  of  pure  villenage. 

Edward  III.  issued  a  commission  for  effecting 
the  manumission  of  his  villeyns  on  payment  of  cer- 
tain fines.  This  indicates  a  progressive  improve- 
ment in  their  condition,  and  seems  to  have  aroused 
a  general  movement:  for  in  the  1st  year  of 
Richard  II.  a  statute  was  made  to  repress  the 
efforts  of  the  villeyns  to  obtain  their  freedom.  The 
extreme  severity  of  this  statute  is  stated  to  have 
been  a  main  exciting  cause  of  the  insurrection 
under  Jack  Straw  and  Wat  Tyler. 

In  1514  Henry  VIII.  manumitted  some  of  his 
villeyns,  with  all  their  issue  born  or  to  be  born. 
The  form  of  the  manumission  ran  :  — 

"  Whereas  God  created  all  men  free ;  but  afterwards 
the  laws  and  customs  of  nations  subjected  some  under  the 
j-oke  of  servitude;  ice  think  it  pious  and  meritorious 
with  God  to  manumit,"  &c. 

Hence  we  may  perceive  that  a  vast  alteration 
must  have  taken  place  in  the  condition  and  con- 
sideration of  the  villeyn  class. 

In  1574  Queen  Elizabeth  issued  a  Commission 
of  Inquiry  into  the  lands,  tenements,  and  other 
goods,  of  all  her  bondmen  and  bondwomen  in  cer- 
tain counties,  such  as  were  by  blood  in  a  slavish 
condition  by  being  born  in  any  of  her  manors  ; 
and  to  compound  with  them  for  their  manumis- 
sion and  freedom.  Herein  we  have  distinct  evi- 
dence of  the  existence  at  that  time  of  villeyns 
regardant. 

And  in  this  way,  no  doubt,  —  viz.,  by  composi- 
tion either  for  a  specific  sum  of  money  at  once,  or 
for  yearly  fixed  money-payments  out  of  villenage 
land  —  have  villenage  in  gross,  villenage  regard- 
ant, and  villenage  tenure,  gradually  been  extir- 
pated.    They  died   out  gradually.     So  lately  as 


2'«i  S.  VIII.  Oct.  2d.  '59.} 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


361 


1601,  in  a  crown  grant,  I  find  amongst  the  general 
VTords  following  the  specific  description  of  the 
manors  granted,  the  terms  "  natives,  nativas,  ac 
villanos,  cum  eorum  sequela."  In  1684,  a  writer 
states  that  "  villeins  in  gross  are  now  quite  worn 
out,  and  in  process  of  time  became  like  other 
men."  Yet  it  is  asserted  that,  to  a  very  recent  date, 
many  of  the  labourers  in  collieries  in  Scotland 
continued  to  be  glebce  adscripti,  and  not  at  liberty 
to  hire  elsewhere  without  the  owner's  consent. 

M.  (1.) 

The  power  of  the  master  over  his  slave,  the 
slave's  property  and  progeny,  was  absolute  and 
uncontrolled.  The  spirit  of  the  old  English  law 
on  this  subject  is  thus  expressed  by  Glanville, 
lib.  v.  c.  5. :  — 

"  Notandum  est,  quod  non  potest  aliquis  in  Villenagio 
positus  libertatem  suana  propriis  denariis  suis  quserere. 
Posset  enim  tunc  a  domino  suo  secundum  jus  et  consue- 
tudinem  Kegni  ad  Villenagium  revocari,  quia  omnia  ca- 
talla  cujuslibet  Nativi  ita  intelliguntur  esse  in  potestate 
domini  sui,  quod  propriis  denariis  suis  versus  dominum 
snum  a  villenagio  se  redimere  non  poterit." 

The  same  principle  of  the  absolute  dominion  of 
the  master  over  the  property  of  his  slaves  is  illus- 
trated in  this  provision  of  the  law  of  the  Bavarians, 
Tit.  XV.  chap.  vii. :  — 

"  Si  quis  servus  de  peculi«  suo  fuerit  redemptus,  et  hoc 
dominus  ejus  forte  nescierit,  de  domini  potestate  non 
exeat,  quia  non  pretium,  sed  res  servi  sui,  dum  ignorat, 
accepit," 

The  preceding  passages  are  quoted  from  Pot- 
giesser,  De  Statu  Servorum,  p.  534. 

From  p.  533.  I  take  the  following  extract :  — 

"...  Servis  nihil  juris  in  rebus  fuisse  suis,  sed  omnia 
ad  dominum  pertinuisse.  Id  quod  porro  ex  eo  consequi- 
tur,  quod  servi  cum  omni  supellectile  et  jumentis  suis  in 
alios  alienarentur.  Exempla  prostant  in  Traditionibus 
Fuldensibus,  ubi  in  Charta  anni  dcclxxix.  duo  itiancipia 
cum  eorum  supellectile  traduntur,  et  in  alia  anni  Dccxcvi. 
Ernustus  donatEcclesiseFuldensi  haereditatem  suum  cum 
mancipiis,  eorumque  supellectile,  jumentis  et  animalibus. 
In  alia  charta  anni  dcccxx.  Reinfriht  transfert  manci- 
pia  cum  filiis,  pecoribus,  domibus,  et  cum  omnibus  uten- 
silibus." 

I  refrain  from  making  farther  extracts  in  reply 
to  the  Queries  of  A.  A. ;  but  can  assure  him  he 
will  find  much  that  will  interest  him  in  the  fol- 
lowing chapters  of  Potgiesser  :  "De  potestate  do- 
minorum  in  servorum  conjugia;"  "De  potestate 
dominorum  permutandi  servos;"  "De  potestate 
dominorum  vendendi  servos;"  "De  jure  domin- 
orum in  bona  servorum  viventium;"  "  De  jure 
dominorum  in  bona  servorum  demortuorum ;" 
lib.  ii.  chaps,  ii.  iiL  iv.  x.  and  xi. 

W.  B.  Mac  Cabe. 


Yorkshire,   Cotton  MS.,  Vitell.  C.  vi.,    written 
1396-7. : 

"  Walterus  filius  Petri  de  Spineto  dedit  nobis,  cmn 
corpore  suo  apud  nos  sepeliendo,  uuuani  boratum  terre  in 
Hornsburtone,  et  Henricum  filiura  Symonis  ipsum  te- 
nenteni  cum  sequela  sua." 

One  of  the  De  Thornes  was  a  leader  against 
the  Scots,  temp.  Edward  I.  Senex. 


In  reference  to  serfdom  in  "  N,  &  Q."  of  1  Oct., 
the  following  occurs  sixteen  years  later.  In  a 
list  of  persons  who  gave  lands  to  Meaux  Abbey, 


d&tjflitS  to  ;^mar  <l^utrUi. 

Seal  Inscription  (2"*  S,  viii.  311.) — I  agree  with 
the  editor  that  it  can  be  referred  to  none  other 
church  than  that  of  Menigoutte.  The  usual  in- 
dication of  the  omission  of  a  former  s  would  be  a 
circumflex — Menigoute ;  but  the  present  mode  of 
spelling  it  with  a  double  t  indicates,  I  think,  the 
same.  Still  the  difficulty  remains  —  how  can  so 
insignificant  a  church  be  supposed  to  have  had  a 
treasurer  and  a  Chapter  and  a  corporate  seal  ?  It 
never  was  a  place  of  any  consequence.  At  pre- 
sent, indeed,  though  it  is  the  chef -lieu  of  a  canton, 
it  has  but  850  inhabitants  ;  and  the  church  is  not 
even  a  mere  eglise ;  it  is  a  succursale,  or,  as  we 
should  call  it,  a  chapel  of  ease  to  the  church  of 
Vasles.  John  Williams. 

Arno's  Court, 

[We  acknowledge  the  difficnitj'  suggested  by  our  cor- 
respondent, and  can  offer  only  a  conjectural  solution. 
Menigouste,  Menigoute,  or  Menigoutte,  is  placed  by 
Expilly  in  the  domain  (chatellenie)  of  S.  Maixant,  from 
which  place  it  is  distant  about  2^  leagues.  Now,  ac- 
cording to  Valesius  {Notit.  Gall.)  there  was  formerly  in 
Poitou  a  Monastery  called  "  S.  Maxentii  Monasterium," 
or  "  Cellula  Maxentii ;  "  and  the  exact  position  of  this 
monastery,  though  it  seems  to  have  been,  like  Meni- 
gouste itself,  not  very  far  from  S.  Maixant,  is  undeter- 
mined. "  Nomen  proprinm  loci  in  quo  Monasterium 
Maxentius  exstruxit,  Gregorius  scire  nos  noluit :  cujus 
hsec  verba  sunt.  '  Erat  in  his  diebus  vir  laudabilis 
sanctitatis  Maxentius  Abbas,  redusus  in  Monasterio  suo 
.  .  .  cujus  Monasterii  nomen  lectioni  non  indidimus,  quia 
locus  ille  usque  hodie  Cellula  S.  Maxentii  vocatur.'" 
There  is  of  course  no  difficulty  in  supposing  that  this 
monastery  of  unknown  site  would  have  both  a  "  trea- 
surer," a"  "  Chapter,"  and  a  "  corporate  seal."  Can  it, 
then,  have  been  in  its  day  that  identical  capitular  "  Ec- 
clesia  de  Manigouste,"  which  we  find  recorded  on  the 
seal,  and  which  Manigouste  does  not  appear  in  more  re- 
cent times  to  have  possessed?  This  idea  is  merely  thrown 
out  for  consideration.  Let  us,  however,  bear  in  mind  that 
a  monastery  was  frequently  called  a  church  {Ecclesia). 
Thus  the  monastery  at  Abingdon,  "  Monasterium  de 
Abingdon,"  was  also  termed  "  Ecclesia  de  Abbendona," 
"  Ecclesia  de  Abbendonia,"  &c.  {Chron.  3Ion.  de  Ab. 
II.  95.  85.)  In  like  manner  a  monastery  at  Menigouste 
might  be  called  (as  in  the  inscription)  "  Ecclesia  de 
Menigouste." — But  no  question  of  this  kind  can  be  satis- 
factorily determined  without  local  knowledge,  and  we 
shall  be  glad  to  receive  farther  information  on  the  sub- 
ject.] 

Ahdias  Ashton  :  Robert  Hill  (2"^^  S.  viii.  336.)— 
Abdias  Asheton  (no  doubt  the  chaplain  of  the 
Earl  of  Essex)  became  a  Fellow  of  St.  John's 
College  in  1589.    Lewis's  authority  (for  the  state- 


362 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '5&. 


ment  made  above,  p.  302.)  is  Sam.  Clarke's  Lives 
of  Divines  (1677,  fol.,  pp.  250,  251.)  He  left  100 
marks  to  the  college  for  the  purchase  of  books 
(see  book-plate  in  volume  marked  O.  5.  23.).  He 
was  rector  of  Middleton,  Lancashire. 

He  is  best  known,  however,  as  author  of  the 
Latin  life  of  Dr.  Wm.  Whitaker,  the  Professor  of 
Divinity,  to  whom  Ranke  has  just  paid  a  well- 
merited  tribute  of  praise.  This  was  published 
separately,  and  is  also  included  in  Whitaker's 
Collected  Works,  where  may  also  be  seen  (vol.  i. 
p.  707.)  verses  in  honour  of  Whitaker  signed 
"A.  A." 

See,  too,  Biogr.  Britan.  (1st  ed.,  p.  2157.),  and 
Strype's  Whitgift  (8vo.  ed.)  as  cited  in  the  Index 
to  Strype.  If  M.  P.  is  curious  to  know  more  of 
Asheton,  I  will  send  him  a  copy  of  the  book-plate, 
and  will  also  search  for  the  entry  of  his  admission 
at  St.  John's,  which  (if  it  can  be  found)  will  most 
likely  give  some  particulars  of  his  parentage,  &c. 

If,  as  I  suppose,  M.  P.  is  interested  about  Ashe- 
ton chiefly  on  the  score  of  his  attachment  to  the 
Earl  of  Essex,  it  may  not  be  out  of  place  here  to 
give  the  title  of  a  work  translated  by  R.  Hill, 
•who  was  admitted  Fellow  of  St.  John's  the  year 
before  Asheton  :  — 

"  Bucanus  (William,  Professor  of  Divinitie  in  the  Uni- 
versitie  of  Lausanna).  Institutions  of  Christian  Religion 
framed  out  of  God's  Word,  translated  by  Robert  Hill  of 
St.  John's  Coll.,  Cambridge,  1606,  4to.  Dedicated  to  the 
hopeful  young  Lord  Robert  Devereux,  Earl  of  Essex." 

J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

The  Great  St.  Leger  (2°*  S.  viii.  225.)  —  I  am 
not  aware  that  there  exists  any  very  authentic 
account  of  the  origin  of  this  celebrated  race.  Dr. 
Miller,  who  published  a  History,  of  Doncaster 
about  1804,  makes  no  mention  of  it  whatever. 
Mr.  Hunter,  in  his  History  of  South  Yorkshire, 
published  in  1828,  states  under  Doncaster  that 
"in  1776  the  famous  St.  Leger  stakes  were 
founded,  the  first  race  being  won  by  the  Marquis 
of  Rockingham's  horse  Sampson."  I  think,  how- 
ever, that  the  name  of  the  first  winner  was  AUa- 
baculia,  by  Sampson.  In  the  absence  of  better 
authority  I  believe  I  am  correct  in  stating  that 
the  name  was  given  to  the  stakes  out  of  compli- 
ment to  Lieut.- General  Anthomi  St.  Leger,  who 
at  that  time  resided  at  Park  Hill  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood of  Doncaster.  He  is  said  to  have  ori- 
ginated the  race  in  the  year  1776,  but  I  have  been 
informed  that  it  was  not  until  two  years  after 
(1778)  that  it  was  formally  styled  "the  St. 
Leger,"  and  that  the  name  was  then  given  to  it  by 
the  Marquis  of  Rockingham  at  a  dinner  at  the  Red 
Lion  Inn,  Doncaster.  General  St.  Leger  above 
mentioned  married  in  1761,  Margaret,  daughter 
and  coheiress  of  Wm.  Wombwell,  Esq.,  of  Womb- 
well.  She  died  without  issue  Dec.  20, 1776.  The 
General  died  in  1786,  and  was  succeeded  in  his 


estate  at  Park  Hill  by  his  nephew,  Major-Gene- 
ral  John  St.  Leger,  commonly  called  "  Hand- 
some Jack  St.  Leger,"  the  friend  and  companion 
of  George  IV.  when  Prince  of  Wales.  To  the 
latter  General  the  foundation  of  the  St.  Leger 
race  has  been  frequently  attributed,  but,  as  it  ap- 
pears, erroneously.  Of  him  there  was,  and  I  dare 
say  still  is,  at  Park  Hill,  a  portrait  by  Sir  Joshua 
Reynolds,  together  with  one  of  his  royal  friend 
by  Hoare.  General  John  St.  Leger  died  in  India, 
unmarried,  I  believe,  in  1799.  C.  J. 

Two  Kings  of  Brentford  (2°*  S.  viii.  228.)  — 
I  have  never  met  with  the  legend  to  which  your 
correspondent  refers,  and  have  waited  some  weeks 
for  a  reply  to  his  Query.  It  has  occurred  to  me 
that  the  proverb  that  "  there  cannot  be  two  kings 
of  Brentford  "  may  refer  to  Edmund  Ironside  and 
Cnute.  Upon  the  death  of  Ethelred,  in  1016,  all 
the  witan  who  were  in  London  and  the  townsmen 
proclaimed  Edmund  as  their  king,  whilst  his  rival, 
the  Danish  King  Cnute,  received  the  support  of  the 
country.  Several  bloody  battles  were  fought:  one 
of  them,  in  which  great  slaughter  took  place, 
being  at  Brentford.  Subsequently  a  peace  was 
concluded  in  which  a  partition  of  the  kingdom 
was  agreed  upon,  and  the  two  kings  met  and  mu- 
tually swore  to  observe  it.  Soon  afterwards, 
however.  King  Edmund  was  brutally  murdered  at 
Brentford  through  the  treachery  of  his  brother- 
in-law,  Edric,  who  was  the  first  to  bring  the  news 
to  Cnute,  and  salute  him  as  sole  king.  Cnute  does 
not  appear  to  have  been  privy  to  this  tragedy,  and 
though  at  the  time  he  deemed  it  politic  to  conceal 
his  feelings,  finally  visited  the  criminal  with  the 
punishment  he  deserved ;  for  in  the  following 
year  he  caused  Edric  to  be  executed,  and  his  head 
placed  on  the  highest  tower  in  London.  Our 
early  annalists  do  not  very  closely  agree  in  their 
accounts  of  this  troublous  period ;  but  this  hint 
may  lead  others  better  qualified  than  I  am  to  in- 
vestigate the  subject.  John  Maclean. 
Hammersmith. 

Book-Markers  (2°*  S.  viii.  301.)  —If  Profes- 
sor De  Morgan  will  pay  a  visit  to  Messrs. 
Marion,  Regent  Street,  he  will  there  find  book- 
markers to  his  taste,  at  least  in  one  respect,  viz. 
so  far  as  material  is  concerned ;  but  I  think  he 
will  object  to  the  mode  in  which  they  are  manu- 
factured, as  for  prettiness'  sake  they  are  both 
coloured  and  embossed.  Still  there  is  no  reason 
why  plain  white  paper  markers  of  the  same  kind 
and  pattern  should  not  be  stamped  out  for  those 
whose  reading  is  not  purely  a  matter  of  amuse- 
ment, and  who  would  therefore  prefer  the  useful 
to  the  ornamental.  I  have  no  doubt  Messrs.  Ma- 
rion would  take  a  hint,  if  they  have  not  already 
provided  the  desideratum.  Those  I  refer  to,  and 
which  I  have  used,  point  well,  and  are  not  given  to 
dropping  out.  R.  W.  Hackwood. 


2n<>  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


363 


"  O  wTiar  got  ye  that  bonnie  blue  bonnet"  (2°''  S. 
vlii.  148.  258.)  — 

[By  the  courtesy  of  the  editor  of  another  Scottish 
Journal,  The  Dundee  Courier,  we  are  enabled  to  lay  be- 
fore our  readers  the  following  farther  illustration  of  this 
ballad.  The  writer,  in  his  communication  to  The  Dundee 
Courier  of  the  12th  October,  observes,  "  from  the  song  I 
send  it  will  be  seen  that  the  words  quoted  by  D.  M.  I. 
do  not  likely  belong  to  the  'Lost  Flower,'  but  to  the 
song  of '  Bonnie  Dundee.' "] 

"  The  song  which  I  give  below  was  published 
in  the  second  vcl«me  of  Urbani's  Select  Collection 
of  Original  Scottish  Airs,  for  the  Voice,"  Sfc, 
which  was  entered  at  Stationers'  Hall  in  1794. 
The  song  is  set  to  the  air  of  "Bonnie  Dundee." 
There  is  no  author's  name  given.  The  few  words 
of  difference  may  arise  from  D.  M.  I.'s  memory 
proving  treacherous  during  the  lapse  of  sixty 
years : — 

"  BONIE  DUNDEE. 

"  0  whaur  did  ye  get  that  hauver  meal  bannock, 

0  silly  blind  body,  O  dinna  ye  see  ? 
I  gat  it  frae  a  young  brisk  sodger  laddie, 

Between  Saint  Johnston,  and  bonie  Dundee. 
O  gin  I  saw  the  laddie  that  gae  me't, 

Aft  has  he  doudl'd  me  upon  his  knee ; 
May  heaven  protect  my  bonnie  Scots  laddie, 

And  send  him  safe  hame  to  my  babie  and  me. 

"  My  blissin's  upon  thy  sweet  wee  lippiel 
My  blissin's  upon  thy  bonnie  e'e  bree ; 
Thy  smiles  are  sae  like  my  blythe  sodger  laddie, 

Thou's  ay  the  dearer,  and  dearer  to  me ! 
But  I'll  big  a  bower  on  yon  bonnie  banks, 
Whare  Tay  rins  wimplin'  by  sae  clear; 
And  I'll  deed  thee  in  the  tartan  sae  fine. 
And  mak'  thee  a  man,  like  thy  daddie  dear. 

«  J.  M.» 
«  Mains,  October  10, 1859." 

Jacobite  Manuscripts  (2"*  S.  viii.  307.)  —  The 
Jacobite  MSS.  described  by  Mr.  J.  P.  Phillips 
are  of  no  value,  as  the  first  three  were  printed  in 
various  brochures  setting  forth  Prince  Charles's 
proclamations  and  edicts  in  the  years  1745  and 
1746,  and  the  two  last,  namely,  letters  from  the 
Prince  to  his  father,  dated  at  Perth  and  at  Pinlcie, 
are  fabrications.  It  was  common  for  the  Jacobites 
to  circulate  these  and  similar  documents  in  manu- 
script, and  hence,  no  doubt,  the  existence  of  the 
packet  "  carefully  preserved  among  the  muni- 
ments at  Picton  Castle."  R.  Chambers. 

Edinburgh. 

Ephraim  Pratt  (2"'^  S.  viii.  11.  137.)  — There 
are  some  errors  in  the  account  of  this  person 
which  your  correspondent  copied  for  you  from 
Allen's  Biographical  Dictionary.  No  John  Pratt 
resided  at  Plymouth,  N.  E.  in  1620;  but  a  Phi- 
nehas  Pratt,  probably  the  ancestor  of  Ephraim, 
was  there  a  few  years  later. 

Though  Ephraim  Pratt  lived  to  a  great  age,  it 
was  not  a  remarkable  one.  This  is  made  clear  in 
the  Genealogy  of  the  Rice  Family,  by  Andrew  H. 
Ward,  an  octavo  volume  published  at  Boston,  U. 


S.  in  1858.  Mr.  Ward  devotes  a  long  note  to  the 
subject  on  pp.  14-16.  From  public  records  he 
finds  that  Ephraim  Pratt  was  born  at  Sudbury, 
Mass.,  Nov.  30,  1704.  The  error  in  regard  to 
his  age  was  pointed  out  by  Rev.  Dr.  Sumner  of 
Shrewsbury,  Mass.,  in  June,  1804.  The  Massa- 
chusetts Spy,  a  newspaper  published  at  Worces- 
ter, Mass.,  in  its  issue  June  6,  1804,  notes  the 
death  of  Mr.  Pratt  of  Shutesbury,  "  on  the  22d 
ult.,  aged  116  yrs.  5  mos.  and  22  days."  Rev.  Dr. 
Sumner  sent  a  communication  to  the  Spy,  which 
appeared  the  next  week,  in  which  he  gave  the 
date  of  Pratt's  marriage  to  Martha  Wheelock, 
July  9,  1724,  and  the  births  of  their  six  sons  and 
two  daughters  from  the  records.  Assuming  that 
he  was  21  years  old,  as  represented,  when  married, 
the  doctor  concluded  that  Pratt  was  about  101 
years  old  when  he  died.  This  was  two  years  too 
much,  as  his  real  age  was  99  years  5  months  22 
days. 

Michael  or  Micah  Pratt,  son  of  Ephraim,  was 
born  April  5,  1731.  This  materially  reduces  his 
age  at  his  death  in  1826. 

The  story  of  Pratt's  great  age  was  first  pub- 
lished in  the  Gazette,  a  newspaper  printed  at 
Windsor,  Vt.,  from  which  it  was  copied  into  the 
Massachusetts  Spy  for  Aug.  5,  1801.  President 
Dwight,  probably  induced  by  this  story  to  do  so, 
visited  Pratt  at  Shutesbury,  Nov.  13,  1803 ;  and 
he  gives  an  account  of  the  interview  in  his  Travels, 
vol.  ii.  p.  358.  Pratt  must  have  connived  at  the 
error,  if  it  did  not  originate  with  him.   Metacom. 

Koxbury,  U.  S. 

Dr.  Johnson's  Chair  (2»«  S.  viii.  68.)  —  The 
favourite  easy  chair  of  my  illustrious  kinsman, 
Samuel  Johnson,  referred  to  by  Mr.  Paternoster 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  July  23rd,  is  now  (together  with 
the  crimson  velvet  cushion  on  which  Mary  Queen 
of  Scots  kneeled  at  her  execution),  in  my  posses- 
sion. I  have  purchased  them  of  Mr.  Pater- 
noster. His  fears  lest  the  chair  should  "  pass 
into  unworthy  hands  "  were  not  altogether  ground- 
less. It  has  fallen  into  mine.  I  "  would  they 
were  worthier." 

J.  H.  Shorthocse,  M.D.,  LL.D. 

Carshalton,  Surrey. 

Somersetshire  Poets  (2"^  S.  viii.  204.  258.  319.) 
—  Southey  was  born  at  No.  11.  Wine  Street,  and 
afterwards  resided  in  Terrel  Street,  both  in  the 
city  of  Bristol,  and  on  the  Gloucestershire  side  of 
the  river  Avon.  He  subsequently  removed  to 
Westbury-on-Trym  in  that  county. 

Chatterton's  family  for  many  years  rented  a 
small  house  on  Redcliffe  Hill,  behind  that  now 
occupied  by  Mr.  Isaac  Selfe,  chemist  and  druggist, 
and  there,  in  all  probability,  the  poet  was  born ; 
his  father,  who  died  before  his  birth,  having  been 
Master  of  Pile  Street  School,  close  to  the  east  end 
of  Redcliffe  church.     That  he  was  born  in  the 


364 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  VIII.  Oct.  29.  '59. 


part  of  St.  Mary  Redcliffe,  the  whole  of  which  is 
on  the  Somersetshire  side  of  the  river  Avon,  there 
can  be  no  doubt.  "  That  Chatterton  was  very 
unpopular  with  the  corporation  of  Bristol "  as 
such  (2"^  S.  viii.  234.)  is  simply  absurd;  they  had 
no  reason  as  a  body  to  care  anything  about  him. 
*' Railroad  improvements  have  (not)  demolished 
the  little  school  in  which  he  first  received  the 
early  rudiments  of  education."  It  is  still  standing, 
and  is,  I  believe,  a  school  now.  Geobgb  Pbtcb. 
Bristol  City  Library. 

The  River  Liffey  (2"«  S.  viii.  311.)— Your 
correspondent  Frances  Setmoub  asks  for  the 
meaning  of  the  name  "Anna  Liffey,"  sometimes 
given  to  the  river  which  runs  through  Dublin. 
It  is  an  Anglicised  representation  of  three  Irish 
words,  Amhan  na  Life ;  the  first  word  AmJian^ 
pronounced  auwon,  signifies  a  river.  It  is  cognate 
with  the  Latin  amn-is,  and  the  Sanscrit  aub,  and 
is  the  name  still  borne  by  your  English  river  the 
Avon.  The  second  word  na  is  the  genitive  case  of 
the  definite  article,  and  signifies  of  the.  The  third 
word  is  the  proper  name  of  the  great  plain  through 
which  the  river  flows.  Thus  Amhan  rta  Life  signi- 
files  the  river  of  the  Life,  that  is  the  river  of  the 
plain  called  the  Life  or  Liffey.  By  "  the  Liffey," 
no  ancient  authority  ever  meant  the  river,  but 
only  the  extensive  plain  anciently  so  called,  in 
which  Dublin  stands.  Hence,  when  they  spoke  of 
the  river,  they  called  it  Amhan-na-Life  (Angli- 
cised into  Anna  Liffey),  the  river  of  this  cele- 
brated plain.  HiBEBNicus. 

Mrs.  B.  Hoole  (2''''  S.  viii.  311.)  — Z.  A.  is 
informed  that  The  Little  Dramas  for  Young  Peo- 
ple, on  Subjects  taken  from  English  History,  by  the 
above  named  lady,  was  published  by  Longmans, 
1810,  pp.  128.     The  dramas  are  — 

The  Death  of  Henry  II. 

The  Flight  of  Queen  Margaret. 

The  Death  of  Lady  Jane  Grey. 

The  Fortitude  of  Lady  Rachel  Russel. 
With  notes  on  each  drama.  Gilbebt. 

Heraldic  Query  (2"^  S.  viii.  292.)  —  In  answer 
to  C.  W.  B.,  I  think  there  is  no  doubt  but  the 
husband  of  a  lady,  whose  father  has  died  and  left 
no  male  descendants,  has  a  right  to  bear  her  arms 
on  an  escutcheon  of  pretence,  and  that  her  chil- 
dren have  a  right  to  quarter  her  arms.  Sir  J. 
Bernard  Burke,  Ulster  King  of  Arms,  in  his  most 
interesting  book.  Vicissitudes  of  Families,  has  this 
remark  in  a  note  to  his  Essay  on  Heraldry,  "  The 
term  '  heiress,'  in  heraldry,  does  not  apply  to  the 
succession  to  property."  J.  A.  Pn. 

Vertuc's  "  Draughts  "  (2"*  S.  viii.  26.  93.  156.) 
— .In  Thomas  Thorpe's  Bibliotheca  Manuscripta 
for  1844,  pp.  138-40.,  is  a  long  description  of  a 
collection  of  31  volumes  of  MSS.  which  he  then 
had  for  sale,  that  were  entirely  in  the  autograph 


of  George  Vertue  the  engraver,  containing  a 
complete  "  History  of  the  Fine  Arts,  and  of  the 
Royal  Antiquarian  Societies;"  also  an  account 
of  Vertue's  various  journeys  over  England  in 
search  of  materials  for  his  great  national  work. 
Articles  of  curiosity,  routed  out  by  him,  Thorpe 
states,  are  fully  described,  with  dimensions,  &c., 
and  frequently  illustrated  with  pen-and-ink  draw- 
ings, "  very  spirited,"  of  ancient  pictures,  coins, 
medals,  statues,  carvings,  and  other  objects  of  in- 
terest. 

Can  these  drawings  be  the  "  draughts "  that 
Sheen  is  anxious  to  discover  ?  If  so,  this  scrap 
of  information  may  assist  him  in  his  inquiries. 

Wm.  Geoege. 

Bristol. 

Mdzena's  Dog  (2"^  S.  viii.  291.)  —  Fitzhop- 
KiNS  will,  perhaps,  be  vexed  to  hear  that  the 
hu7id  in  question  belongs  to 

"  3Iacenas  —  atavis  edite  regibus." 

The  apostrophe  ought  to  be  after  the  s  to  mark  the . 
genitive,  and  the  substitution  of  z  for  c  is  a  very 
questionable,  though  not  un-Heineish,  way  of 
spelling  Latin  and  other  foreign  names ;  but  we 
must  not  "  cut "  an  old  friend  for  a  misprint  or  a 
"  germanising  tendency  "  either.  "  A  man  's  a 
man  for  a'  that,"  and  Southey  had  much  pleasure 
in  recognising  Montesquieu  even  under  the  terri- 
ble alias  of  Mules  Quince.  A  Magyar  Exile. 
Edinburgh. 

Lord  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports :  Coi-oner 
(2°^  S.  viii.  310,)  — The  Lord  Warden,  I  believe, 
still  appoints  a  coroner  for  the  Cinque  Ports.  What 
are  his  duties,  or  how  far  they  extend,  I  do  not 
know.  But  it  was  one  of  the  functions  of  the 
mayor  of  Dover  to  exercise  the  duties  of  coro- 
ner within  that  port,  until  the  Municipal  Cor- 
poration Act  of  William  IV.,  which  relieved  him 
of  that  duty,  and  gave  to  the  town  council  the 
power  of  appointing  a  coroner.  In  the  case  pro- 
posed, of  a  man  drowned  off  the  pier,  the  inquest 
is  taken  by  the  present  respectable  coroner  of 
"  Dover  and  its'Limbs "  so  elected.  D.  S. 

Marrying  under  the  Galloivs  (P*  S.  vii.  84. ;  xii. 
257.  348.)  — 

"  Nine  j'oung  women  dressed  in  white,  each  with  a 
white  wand  in  her  hand,  presented  a  petition  to  his  Ma- 
jesty (George  I.)  on  behalf  of  a  young  man  condemned 
at  Kingston  Assizes  for  burglary,  one  of  them  offering  to 
marrj'him  under  the  gallows  in  case  of  a  reprieve." — 
Parker's  London  News,  April  7,  1725. 

W.  J.  Pinks, 

Boohs  Burnt  (1"  S.  passim.) — Your  correspon- 
dents have  not,  I  think,  noticed  any  instance  of 
the  Holy  Bible  having  been  treated  with  this  in- 
dignity. Without  going  back  to  the  period  when 
such  a  sacrilegious  act  was  committed  frequently 
by  the  highest  authorities   in  England,  I  need 


2»«  S,  VIIL  Oct.  29.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


365 


only  refer  to  two  late  instances  in  Ireland.  In 
1854  a  person  was  convicted  at  the  Assizes  at 
Londonderry  of  the  crime,  and  sentenced  to  six 
months'  imprisonment;  and  in  November,  1855,  a 
similar  offence  was  committed  in  Kingstown,  co. 
Dublin,  and  caused  very  great  excitement. 

Y.  S.  M. 

Serranus's  "  Platonis  Opera "  (2°^  S.  viii.  310. 
311.) — Brunet's  French  measure  of  Serranus's 
Plato  of  14  inches  10  lines  equals  15|  inches  Eng- 
lish measure.  The  rare  ^ne  paper  of  this  book  is 
not  taller  than  the  common  paper  copies,  but 
rather  wider.  H.  F. 


^t^reUsneaus. 

NOTES   ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

j\^ew  Exegesis  of  Shakspeare  :  Interpretation  of  his  Prin- 
cipal Characters  and  Plays  on  the  Principle  of  Races. 
(A.  &  C.  Black.) 

The  object  of  this  extraordinary  volume,  certaialy  one 
of  the  most  original  which  the  writings  of  Shakspeare 
have  ever  called  forth,  is  to  illustrate  the  aesthetic  imity 
which  Shakspeare  had  in  his  own  genius;  and  which, 
to  use  the  author's  own  words,  "he  stamped  on  his 
writings  by  a  necessity  no  less  organic."  Ethnology 
is  brought  to  the  aid  of  criticism;  and  while  lago  is 
considered  as  the  type  of  the  Romano-Italic  race, 
Hamlet,  "  the  masterpiece  of  Shakspeare  as  a  portrait, 
not  as  a  play,"  is  claimed  as  an  ideal  of  the  Gothic  race, 
and  "  the  hkeness  is  attested  by  the  native  admira- 
tion." But,  "  as  in  the  animal  system  the  third  or 
nervous  tissue  is  the  mediator,  the  combiner  and  the  re- 
gulator of  the  extreme  tissues,  so  in  the  social  life  of 
Europe  the  race  which  executes  the  like  function,  of  suc- 
cessively controlling  and  progressively  organising  the 
despotic  and  dispersive  instincts  of  the  Italic  and  Teu- 
tonic races,  is,  as  indicated  by  its  history  and  local  posi- 
tion, the  Celtic,"  —  and  of  this  race,  of  which  Shakspeare 
is  -one,  Macbeth  is  in  his  writings  the  great  tA'pe.  Such 
is  this  new  contribution  to  Shakspearian  literature :  and 
if  the  writer  laughs  at  those  tninores  gentium  who  have 
sought  to  illustrate  the  works  of  the  great  dramatist  from 
"old  spellings,  old  readings,  old  editions,  contemporary 
pamphlets,  anecdotes,  allusions,  personal  transactions, 
account  books,  localities,  dates  and  days,"  and  prefers  him- 
self to  criticise  Shakspeare  "  on  the  principle  of  Races," 
he  will  doubtless  be  prepared  to  hear  that  such  matter- 
of-fact  commentators,  while  recognising  his  genius  and 
originality,  pronounce  his  new  Exegesis  of  Shakspeare 
to  be 

".    ,    .    a  work  where  nothing's  just  or  fit. 
One  glaring  Chaos  and  wild  heap  of  wit." 

Dura  Den  :  a  Monograph  of  the  Yellow  Sandstone,  and 
its  remarkable  Fossil  Remains.  By  John  Anderson,  D.D., 
&c.     (Constable  &  Co.) 

This  beautiful  monograph  owes  its  origin  to  the  dis- 
covery in  November  last  of  more  than  a  thousand  fossil 
fish,  within  the  space  of  little  more  than  three  square 
3'ards,  in  the  yellow  sandstone  of  Dura  Den,  near  Cupar, 
Fifeshire.  Many  of  these  were  of  large  dimensions,  hav- 
ing their  several  organs  of  head,  teeth,  scales,  and  fins, 
most  beautifuUj-  preserved.  They  are  here  presented  to 
the  eye  of  the  geologist  in  a  series  of  carefully  tinted 
lithographs :  while  an  introductory'  chapter  on  the  cha- 
racteristic rocks  of  the  district  would  prepare  a  tyro  in 


the  science  to  appreciate  the  discoveries  which  are  next 
narrated.  Altogether,  the  book  forms  as  complete  and 
useful  a  manual  for  the  visitor  to  the  district,  as  could 
possibly  be  put  into  his  hands. 

Women  Artists  of  all  Ages  and  Countries.  By  Mrs.  E. 
F.  Emmet.    (Bentlej-.) 

Founded  in  some  degree  upon  a  little  work  published 
by  Professor  Guhl  of  Berlin,  but  enlarged  by  many  per- 
sonal details  in  the  history  of  the  female  votaries  of  the 
brush  and  chisel,  Mrs.  Emmet's  volume  will  please  two 
classes  of  readers.  Those  who  desire  to  know  how  women 
have  acquitted  themselves  in  a  branch  of  study  which  re- 
quires steady  perseverance  to  be  added  to  genius  in 
order  to  ensure  success,  will  find  in  Mrs.  Emmet's  bio- 
graphical sketches  many  instructive  examples;  while 
its  perusal  will  animate  and  delight  the  second  class  of 
readers;  and,  to  use  Mrs.  Emmet's  own  words,  inspire 
with  courage  and  resolution  those  who  are  anxious  to 
overcome  difficulties  in  the  achievement  of  honourable 
independence.  Many  of  the  biographical  sketches  are  of 
considerable  interest. 

Tlie  Quarterly  Review,  which  has  just  been  issued,  is 
altogether  a  good  one,  although  it  does  not  contain  any 
of  those  gossipy  articles  which  are  so  characteristic  of 
The  Quarterly.  Ai-chitecture  in  all  Countries  is  a  justly 
laudatory  review  of  Mr.  Ferguson's  Illustrated  Handbook 
of  Architecture.  This  is  followed  b3'  a  capital  paper  on 
New  Zealand,  its  Progress  and  Resources ;  and  this  again 
by  an  admirable  one  on  The  Geography  and  Biography  of 
the  Bible.  In  a  just  and  loving  criticism  of  the  Idylls  of 
the  King  — 

"  A  generous  critic  fans  the  Poet's  fire. 
Teaching  the  world  with  reason  to  admire." 

Orchard  Houses  and  Farm  Weeds  form  the  subjects  of 
two  papers  which  will  be  read  with  profit  by  those  to 
whom  the}'  are  addressed.  A  slashing  article  on  Baden 
Powell's  Order  of  Nature  —  one  of  warning  on  Strikes 
and  their  Effects  (which  should  be  reprinted  cheaply,  and 
widely  circulated),  and  a  well-considered  paper  on  The 
Three  Bills  of  Parliamentary  Reform,  constitute  the 
graver  portion  of  the  Number. 

Books  Received.  — 

Nursery  Poetry.     By  Mrs.  Motherly.     (Bell  &  Dald^'.) 

Mrs.  Motherly  has  succeeded,  in  what  is  bj'  no  means 
an  easj'  task,  that  of  writing  for  little  children ;  so  that 
her  tiny  quarto,  with  its  graceful  illustrations,  will  doubt- 
less soon  find  favour  in  "  nursery  circles." 

Ro7itledge's  Illustrated  Natural  History.  By  the  Rev.  J. 
G.  Wood.    Part  VII.     (Routledge  &  Co.) 

The  present,  devoted  as  it  is  to  the  history  of  those 
friends  and  companions  of  man  —  dogs  of  all  kinds  and 
races  —  is  one  of  the  most  interesting  Parts  of  Mr.  Wood's 
amusing  work. 

Mr.  Booth,  of  Regent  Street,  has  just  published  a 
curious  illustration  of  London*  Topography  —  a  view  of 
London  Bridge  in  the  time  of  Elizabeth,  by  John  Norden, 
hitherto  so  little  known  that  it  may  almost  be  considered 
as  an  unpublished  plate. 

Those  who  admire  The  Fairy  Queen,  and  are  interested 
in  the  history  of  the  great  Elizabethan  poet  by  whom  it 
was  written,  would  do  well  to  read  Blr.  Keightley's 
admirable  article  On  the  Life  of  Edmund  Spenser,  in  the 
October  Number  of  Eraser's  Magazine.  Speaking  of 
Magazines,  we  may  call  attention  to  a  new  one.  The 
Constitutional  Press,  a  staunch  advocate  of  Conservative 
views,  to  which  the  authoress  of  The  Heir  of  Redclyffe  is 
contributing  an  interesting  story,  Hopes  and  Fears ;  or, 
Scenes  from  the  Life  of  a  Spinster. 


366 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«  S.  VIII.  Oct,  29.  '59^ 


BOOKS     AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PCBCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c..  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whoie  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  giveii  for  that  purpose. 


1851  and.  1852. 


Robinson  Crdsoe.    2  Vols.    Talboy's  Edition. 
Stbicriand's  Qubens  op  England.    12  Vols.  9vo. 
HiooiNs*  Cfltic  Druids. 

-...^.—  ^NACALYPSI?. 

Constable's  Miscellant.    A  set,  or  Vols.  LXXIV.  to 

MiLLINOSn's  Ct'BlOSITIES  OF  MbdICAL   EXPERIENCE.      2  COpiBS. 

Iamblicus'   Mysiebies  of   the  EoyPTLANs,  translated    by  Taylor.    2 

copies. 
Cooke's  Views  in  Pompeii.    2  Vols.    Folio. 
Jacob  Behmen's  "Wokks.    i  Vols.  4to.    Or  Vols.  III.  and  IV. 
Beloe's  Anecdotes  of  I.iteratcbe,    fi  Vols. 
Wit's  Recreations.    2  Vols. 
Twiss'  Index  to  Suakspeare.    2  Vols. 
Wanted  by  C.  J.  Sleet,  10.  King  William  Street,  Charing  Cross,  W.C. 


The  Pedigree  of  Scott  op  Stokoe,  Cocntt  of  Nobtkdmberland, 
AND  late  of  Toderick,  Silkirkshtre,  compiled  by  William  Scott, 
M.D.    Edinburgh,  printed  by  Walker  &  Greig.    1827. 

Wanted  by  VilUam  Diclson,  Junior,  Hawick,  N.  B. 


Shaw's  Stapfordshibe.    2  Vols. 

Vol.  II.    Part  I. 

Plot's  Oxfordshibe, 

SlAFFORDSIIlBE. 

Chalmers'  Bridoewater  Treatise.    Vol.  I. 
Gale's  Court  OF  the  Gentiles.    Vol.  I.    Farts  I.  and  II. 
Doodale's  Warwickshire,  by  Tliomas.    2  Vols. 
Racing  Calendar,  1820  to  1828,  and  from  1843  to  1819. 

Wanted  by  J.  W.  Cadbtj,  New  Street,  Birmingham. 

BTovA  Leosnda  Anolie.    Printed  by  Wynken  de  Worde.   151G.   Folio. 
(.Commonly  called  "  Capgrave's  Lives  of  the  Saints.") 

Wanted  by  TK.  Blackwood  <5-  Sons,  Edinburgh. 


fiatictS  ta  Corre)SiJ0ntftnW. 

In  consequence  of  (he.  numher  of  interesting  Papers  which  wc  had  wait  • 
inq  for  insertion,  and  the  demands  for  space  made  by  our  advertising 
friends,  we  have  enlarged  our  present  number  to  32  pages. 

John  Maclean.  A  notice  of  Thomas  Cortjat  avd  his  Crudities  Hastily 
Gobled  up,  will  befowtd  in  most  biographical  dictionaries. 

R.C.  Ransome.  The  Clergy  List  commenced  in  1841.  Complete  sets 
can  only  be  picked  vp  at  sales  or  at  the  second-hand  booksellers. 

PisHEF  Thompson.  We  are  informed  that  Mr.  Sims' sMaiiaa.1  of  Pa- 
laeography is  in  preparation. 

Essex.  Romford  was  formerh/  noted  for  mnking  leather  breecltes: 
Jience  the  origin  of  the  saying,  "  to  ride  to  Somford,"  4  c. 

J.  M.  Elgin.  The  authenticity  of  the  work  of  Richard  ofCirencester> 
De  Situ  BritanniiB,  Aos  6ccn  discussed  m  "  N.  &  Q."  Ist  S.  i.  93.  123.206.; 
V.  491.;  vi.  37. 

"Notes  and  Qobbies"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
iiiued  in  .Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  /or 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
venrlu  Index)  is  \\s.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.C;  to  whom 
aSCoMMUNioATions  FOB  THE  Editob  should  be  addressed, 

NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

gt  Ifttbium  of  |nifr-C0min«nitalion 

FOB 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  id.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.  199.  —  October  22nd. 

NOTES :  —  Forgeries  on  Bunyan,  by  George  Offor  —John  Bunyan  and 

"the  Pilgrim^  Progress," &c De  Guileville'a  "Pilgrimage  of  the 

Soul"— Probation  Lists  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School  —  No.  3.,  by 
Rev.  Charles  J.  Robinson,  M. A.  — Prince  of  Wales  in  Oxford,  by 
Rev.  F.  Trench  —  Sir  William  Ussher  —  Sir  Amyas  Paulett  and  Sir 
Drue  Drury — Kirk  Session  Records. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Careless  Writing  and  Odd  Result— Sponge  or  Spanish 
Cakes  — Charm  for  cutting  Teeth  —  Lynching  by  Women  in  Olden 
Time  — Bobyll  and  the  Cardinal's  Hat. 

QUERIES  :  —Poem  on  the  French  War,  by  Joshua  Leavitt. 

Minor  Queries:  —  Francis  Burgersdicius  —  Bulse  —  James  Anderson 
—  Grinding  Old  People  Young  —  Drummond  of  Colquhalzie— The 
Combat  between  the  Dukes  of  Norfolk  and  Hereford  —  Quotation  — 
Joseph  of  Exeter's  Poem,  entitled  "  Antiocheis,"  &c. 

Minor   Qdebiei  with  Answebs:  — Vindicta  Bemardi  —  Jetonniers — 


Aylward  Family  Crest  — The  Duchess  of  Marlborough  —  Paul  Gem- 
sege  —  Bible,  Misprint  in  Seventh  Commandment. 
REPLIES:— Henry  Smith,  by  Rfv.  J.  Eastwood,  &c.  — London  in 
1558  — Bacon's  Essays  — Bearded  Women,  by  P.  Hutchinson  — Soui^ 
by_T.  J.  Buckton  —  Early  Editions  of  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  by 
Nicholas  Pocock ,  &c. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries  :  —  Sir  Robert  le  Gris  —  Alderman  Hart  — 
Baron  of  Beef  at  Windsor— Mr.  Abdius  Ashton  of  St.  John's  Coll. 
Camb.  — Suffragan  Bishop  — Sir  William  and  Sir  Richard  Weston — 
Actresses  ennobled  by  Marriase- Duchess  of  Bolton— Termination  in 
"  -ness  "  —  Cross  and  Candlesticks  on  Super- Altar  —  Lord  Nithsdale's 
Escape  — Schuyler—  Gay's  Works,  &c. 

Monthly  Feuilleton  on  French  Books. 


A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES :  — 

First  Series,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  tl.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  3/.  13».  ed.  cloth  ;  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  5s.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 

B.\CON'S  LITERARY  AND  PROFESSIONAL  WORKS. 

Now  ready.  Vol.  VII.  in  8vo.,  price  18s.,  cloth, 

THE  WORKS  of  FRANCIS  BACON,  Baron  of 
Verulam,  Viscount  St.  Alban,  and  Lord  High  Chan- 
cellor of  England.  A  New  Edition,  revised  and  eluci- 
dated :  and  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  many  pieces  not 
printed  before.  Collected  and  Edited  by  R.  L.  Ellis, 
M.A.,  Fellow  of  Trin.  Coll.  Camb.;  J.  Spedding,  M.A., 
of  Trin.  Coll.  Camb. ;  and  D.  D.  Heath,  Esq.,  Barrister- 
at-Law,  late  Fellow  of  Trin.  Coll.  Camb. 

The  sixth  and  seventh  volumes  of  sional  works,  including  the  J/aanra* 
this  edition  contain  the  whole  of  of  the  Law,  the  Reading  on  the 
Lord  Bacon's  literary  and  profes-  Statute  of  Uses,  Argumenis  of  Law 
sional  works.  Vol.  VII.  now  ready, '  (to  which  are  added  two  or  three 
price  18s.,  comprises  the  Advertise-  not  hitherto  printed  among  Bacon's 
ment  touching  a  Holy  War,  the  works), the  OjrfiHajices in CAnncer.!/, 
Apophther/ms,  the  Confession  o/' &c., edited  by  Mr.  Heath  ;  followed 
Faith,  the  Meditationes  Sacrce,  the  by  an  Index  to  the  two  volumes  of 
Translation  of  certain  Psalms,  and '  Bacon's  Literary  and  Professional 
a  few  minor  pieces  belonging  to  this  iroyis,  which  arecompletem  them- 
division  s  all  edited  by  Mr.  Sped-  selves,  and  may  be  had  separately, 
DiNo  :   Together  with  the  profes-   price  £1  16s.  cloth. 

London :  Longman  and  Co. ;  Sinipkin  and  Co. ;  Hamil- 
ton and  Co. ;  VVhittaker  and  Co. ;  J.  Bain ;  E.  Hodgson; 
Wa.shbourne  and  Co. ;  H.  G.  Bobn ;  Richardson  Brothers ; 
Houlston  and  Co. ;  Bickers  and  Bush ;  Willis  and  Sotlie- 
ran;  J.  Cornish;  L.  Booth;  J.  Snow;  and  Aylott  and 
Son. 

Just  Published,  in  4to.,  with  Photographs,  and  lllustra- 
.  tions  in  Lithography,  price  25s.  cloth, 

KETT'S  REBELLION  in  NORFOLK  :  being 
a  History  of  the  great  Civil  Commotion  that  oc- 
curred at  the  Time  of  the  Reformation,  in  the  Reign  of 
Edward  VI.  founded  on  the  "  Commoyson  in  Norfolk, 
1549,"  by  Nicholas  Sotherton;  and  the  "  De  Furoribiis 
Norfolcienshim,"  of  Nevylle ;  with  corroborative  Extracts 
from  other  contemporary  Records.  By  the  Rev.  F.  W. 
Russell,  M.A.,  &c.,  late  Fellow  of  the  University  of 
Durham. 

London  :  LONGMAN,  GREEN,  &  CO.,  Paternoster  Row  ;  and 
WILLIAM  PENNY,  57.  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields. 

NOW  READY,  PRICE  SIX  SHILLINGS. 

SERMONS 

PREACHED   IN    WESTMINSTER: 

by  the  • 

REV.  C.  F.  SECRETAN, 

Incumbent  of  Holy  Trinity,  Vauxhall  Bridge  Road. 
The  Profits  will  be  given  to  the  Building  Fund  of  the  TVest- 
tninster  and  Pimlico   Church   of  England    Commercial 
School. 
i      "  They  are  earnest,  thoughtful,  and  practical—  of  moderate  length, 
:    and  well  adapted  for  tamilies."— English  Churchman. 
I      "  Practical  subjects,  treated  in  an  earnest  and  sensible  manner,  give 
Mr.  C.  F.  Secretan's  Sermons  preached  in  Westminster  a  higher  value 
'   than  such  volumes  in  general  possess.   It  deserves  success.  —Guardian, 
I  London:  BELL  &  DALDY,  186.  Fleet  Street. 


2"d  S.  VIII.  Oct.  2D.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


367 


Sales  of  Literary  Property. 

MESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON  beg  to  an- 
nounce that  their  Season  for  SALES  of  LITERARY  PRO- 
PERTY and  WORKS  of  ART  will  commence  on  MONDAY,  October 
31.  In  calling  attention  to  the  subjoined  Announcements  of  forth- 
comina  Sales  Messrs.  Puttiek  &  Simpson  invite  attention  to  the  great 
facilities  they  are  enabled  to  offer  in  effectinK  the  advantageous  disposal 
of  Property  consigned  to  them  for  Sale.  Prominently  amongst  them 
fire  their  very  extensive  and  commodious  Premises,  most  centrally 
situate,  including  a  very  spacious  and  well-lighted  Auction  Gallery, 
Warehouses,  Offices,  &c. 

The  Shelf- Room  in  the  Large  Gallery  will  afford  convenient  means 
for  the 

Displuti  of  upwards  of  Fifteen  Thousand  Volumes  at  one  time. 

The  Wall-space,  suited  for  the  Exhibition  of  Pictures  and  Engrav- 
ings, amounts  to  nearly  5,000  superficial  feet,  the  area  of  the  floor  being 
about  1,600  feet. 

Messrs.  Puttiek  &  Simpson  farther  respectfully  submit  that  their  own 
considerable  experience  in  Sales  of  the  kind  alluded  to,  and  their  ex- 
tensive connexion  of  more  than  half-a-century's  standing  (their  busi- 
ness having  been  established  in  1 791,  in  Piccadilly,  whence  tliey  removed 
in  March,  1859),  and  the  careful  circulation  of  their  Catalogues  in  all 
parts  of  the  Country,  and,  when  necessary,  throughout  Europe  and 
America,  constitute  advantages  that  cannot  fail  to  ensure  a  beneficial 
result  in  any  business  with  which  they  may  be  honoured. 

Sales  of  Music  and  Musical  Instruments  are  held  Monthly  during  the 
Season.  Messrs.  Puttiek  &  Simpson  are  able  to  offer  unusual  facilities 
in  this  branch  of  their  business,  which  has  been  specially  cultivated  by 
their  house  for  many  years  past. 

Small  Consignments  are  received  and  reserved  for  insertion  in  appro- 
priate  Sales,  affording  to  the  owner  of  a  few  Lots  the  same  advantages 
as  are  offered  to  the  possessor  of  a  large  Collection. 

Valuations  for  testamentary  or  other  purposes. 

♦«*  Warehouse  Entrance  in  Princes  Street. 


Library  of  the  late  EDWARD  HUGHES,  ESQ.,  F.R.A.S.,  F.R.G.S., 
&c.— Five  Days'  Sale. 

MESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON,  Auctioneers 
of  Litemcj' Property,  will  SELL  by  AUCTION,  at  their  new  and 
very  spacious  Premises,  47.  Leicester  Square,  W.C.,  on  MONDAY, 
October  31,  and  following  Days,  the  LIBRARY  of  the  late  EDWARD 
HUGHES,  ESQ.,  F.R.A.S.,F.R.G.S.,  Head-Master  of  the  Royal  Naval 
Lower  School,  Greenwich,  together  with  another  Library  :  comprising 
Augustini  Opera,  12  vols,  in  8,  presentation  copy  from  Bishop  Cosen  to 
the  great  Earl  of  Clarendon  —  Foxe's  Martyrs,  3  vols,  best  edition,  largo 
paper  —  Stillingfleet's  Works,  6vols.  —  Rapin  and  Tindal's  England, 
5  vols.  —  Common  Prayer  for  Scotland,  1637  —  Liber  Festivalis,  by  W.  de 
Worde,  1499  —  Sydenham  Society's  Publications,  a  set  —  Yarrell's  Bri- 
tish Birds  and  Fislies,  and  other  beautifully  Illustrated  Works  on 
Natural  History,  published  by  Van  Voorst— a  large  Collection  of  Books 
in  the  various  Classes  of  English  and  Foreign  Theology,  Classics,  Na- 
tural History,  Astronomy,  Steam  Navigation,  and  the  Sciences  gene- 
rally—a few  Engravings,  large  Diagrams,  and  Drawings  made  for  a 
Public  Lecturer  —  Bookcases,  &c. 

Catalogues  will  be  sent  on  receipt  of  Two  Stamps. 


M 


Library  of  an  eminent  Antiquary. 

ESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON,  Auctioneers 

of  Literary  Property,  are  preparing  for  immediate    SALE  the 

LIBRARY  of  an  EMINENT   ANTIQUARY  ;   including  Gra;vii  ct 

Gronovii  Thesaurus  Antiquitatum,  et  Gruteri  Inscriptiones,  29  vols 

Spelman's  Glossary,  best  edition  —  Wetstein's  Greek  Testament,  2  vols. 

—  Clemens  Alexandrinus,  ed.  Potter  —  Thurloe's  State  Papers.  7  vols— 
Morant's  Essex,  2  vols.,  fine  copy — Browne  Willis's  Buckinghamshire 

—  Memoires  de  1' Academic  des  Inscriptions,  50  vols.,  fine  copy  —  Arch- 

soologia,  nearly  a  set  _  Camden  Society's  Publications,  complete  set 

Lazamon's  Brut,  edited  by  Sir  Frederic  Madden,  3  vols Variorum 

and  Delphin  Editions  of  the  Classics  — and  the  Works  of  Standard 
Writers  on  Antiquities,  Archasology,  Painting,  Sculpture,  Numisma- 
tics, &c. 

Catalogues  are  in  the  press. 

Autographs,  Prints,  Important  Ancient  Drawings,  Illustrations  of 
Family  History,  the  Collection  of  the  late  J .  BELL,  Esq. 

If  ESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON,  Auctioneers 
L  of  Literary  Property,  are  preparing  for  immediate  SALE,  by  di- 
rection of  the  Executors,  the  COLLECTION  of  the  late  J.  BELL,  Esq., 
of  Wall's-End;  consisting  of  Autograph  Letters,  Collections  for  Family 
History,  Heraldry,  Engravings,  very  numerous  and  interesting  Ancient 
Drawings,  particularly  an  important  assemblage  of  the  Works  of  the 
celebrated  Dandini  Family,  with  those  of  their  Pupils,  contained  in 
Nineteen  Atlas  Folio  Volumes,  with  numerous  other  Articles  of  cu- 
riosity and  interest. 

Catalogues  are  preparing. 

Music.  _  The  Surplus  Stock  of  an  eminent  Publishing  House. 

MESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON,  Auctioneers 
of  Literary  Property,  will  SELL  by  AUCTION,  al  their  new  and 
very  spacious  Premises,  47.  Leicester  Square,  W.  C,  early  in  NOVEM- 
BER, a  COLLECTION  of  MUSIC,  being  the  surplus  Stock  of  an 
eminent  Publishing  House  ;  comprising   Modern  Publications  of  the 


Compositions  of  the  most  esteemed  Writers,  of  Vocal  and  Pianoforte 
Music,  and  also  including  popular  Instrumental  AVorks,  Music  for 
Military  Bands,  Ac  — also,  a  large  Collection  of  Portraits  of  Musical 
Celebrities  of  the  present  and  past  Centuries  —  some  Private  Plates, 
neatly  framed  and  glazed  _  a  fine  Basso-Rilievo  of  Mendelssohn,  &c. 

Catalogues  are  preparing. 
Highly  Interesting  Collection  of  Bewick's  Works. 

MESSRS.  PUTTICK  &  SIMPSON,  Auctioneers 
of  Literary  Property,  will  SELL  by  AUCTION,  at  their  new 
and  very  spacious  Premises,  47.  Leicester  Square,  W.C.,  in  NO- 
VEMBER, one  of  the  largest  and  most  important  Collections  of  the 
WORKS  of  THOMAS  and  JOHN  BEWICK  which  has  ever  appeared 
for  sale,  comprising  not  only  their  most  celebrated  works,  in  fine  con- 
dition .but  embracing  their  smaller  and  less  known  productions,  original 
wood-blocks  engraved  by  them,  &c.;  also  two  sets  of  the  Newcastle 
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368 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


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NOTES  Alfl)  QUERIES. 


369 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  5.  185». 


N».  201.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTfeS:  — The  Gunpowder  Plot.  &c.,369  — General  Wolfeat  Quebec, 
by  J.  Noble,  370—  Talbot  Monuments,  by  Sir  T.  E.  Winnington,  371  — 
The  New  Te.-tainent  in  Modern  Greek,  by  J.  U.  van  Lennep,  lb.  — 
Problem  in  Rhyme,  by  Professor  De  Morgan,  372  —  Inscriptions  and 
Epitaphs.  373  —  Hoop  Petticoats  and  Crinoline,  374  — The  Epitaph  of 
Dean  Nowell,  and  Import  of  the  Contraction  "  I.,"  by  John  Gough 
Nichols,  lb. 

Minor  Notes  :  —  Richmond  and  its  Maids  of  Honour  —  Ancient  Will 
—  Statistics  of  Letters  sent  by  Post  —  Cromwell's  Remains  —  An  an- 
cient Strilce,  375. 


QUERIES  :-Stratford  Family,  by  Thomas  Nicholson,  376  - 
to  Seals,  lb. 


Queries  aa 


Minor  QoERiES!— Mrs.  Myddelton  —  Cashel  Progresses  —  Unburied 
Ambassadors  _  "The  Golden  Botigh  "  —  "The  Wasp"  —  Papier 
Moure  —  Kentish  Longtails  —  Pm-kess  Family — Welsh  J  udges  —  Col. 
Johnes  of  Havod,&c.,  377. 

MiNOK  Queries  with  Answers:— Fuller  and  the  Ferrars  — Hammer- 
cloth— Fisli  wick— Scavenger's  Daughter  — John  Baptist  Jacksoii — 
"  An  Help  unto  Deuocion  '^—  Stc  Ampoule,  &c.,  380. 

REPLIES:  — Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba,  382 —  Titles  conftrred  by 
Oliver  Cromwell,  lb.  —  Biblical  Conjecture -Notes  :  the  right  Date 
of  the  ICpistle  to  the  Hebrews,  by  T.  J.  Buckton,383—  Francis  Bur- 
gersdicius,  by  Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  384  —  George  Herbert  and  Theo- 
critus, 385  —  Oliver  St.  John,  by  John  Maclean, 386. 

Rbpi,ies  to  Minor  Queries  :  —  Seals  of  Officers  who  perished  in  Aff- 

fhanistan  — Louis  the  Fifteenth:  Earl  of  Stirling —  Cloven  Foot  — 
caudal  against  Queen  Elizabeth,  &c.,386. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


flatti, 

THE    GUNPOWDER   Ptd'T. 

The  following  document  is  alluded  to  by  Mr. 
Jardine  in  his  Criminal  Trials,  but,  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  Latin  words  at  the  end  being 
quoted,  no  extract  from  it  is  given.  In  no  other 
work  is  it  mentioned  at  all,  and  up  to  this  day  it 
has  remained  unprinted. 

There  is  a  quaintness  and  minuteness  about  it 
which,  coupled  with  its  object  and  its  curious 
wording,  renders  it  worthy  of  insertion  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  Moreover,  it  derives  some  additional  interest 
from  being  entirely  in  James  I.'s  handwriting. 

I  perhaps  may  be  doing  some  service  by  send- 
ing it  up  to  your  columns.  It  was  issued  at  noon 
on  the  6ih  November,  1605  ;  and  it  was  under 
the  authority  contained  in  it  that  the  torture  was 
applied  to  f^awkes.  That  it  was  applied  in  no 
lenient  spirit  will  be  evident  to  anyone  who  will 
take  the  trouble  of  carefully  examining  his  sig- 
natures affixed  to  the  examinations  preserved  in 
the  State  Paper  Office. 

It  is  in  that  repository  that  this  document, 
lying  side  by  side  with  the  wretched  signatures  of 
the  unhappy  Fawkes,  is  still  kept;  and  there 
those  who  are  curious  in  such  matters  may  yet 
see  it.  W.  O.  VV. 

"This  examinate  wolde  nou  be  maid  to  ansoure  to 
formall  interrogatories  — 

1.  as  quhat  he  is  for  I  can  neuer  yet  heave  of  any  man 
that  knowis  him. 

2.  quhaire  he  was  borne. 

3.  quhat  uaire  his  parents  names. 

4.  quhat  age  he  is  of. 

5.  quliaire  he  hath  liued. 

6.  hou  he  hath  liued  and  by  quhat  trade  of  lyfe. 

7.  hou  he  ressaued  tliose  woundes  in  his  brieste. 

8.  if  he  was  euer  in  service  with  any  other  before  percie 
and  quhat  they  uaire  and  hou  long. 


9.  hou  came  he  in  percies  service  by   quhat  meaiis 
and  at  quhat  tyme. 

10.  quhat  tyme  was  the  house  hyred  by  his  roai'ster. 

11.  and  hou  soone  after  the  possessing  of  it  did  he  be- 
ginnc  to  his  devillishe  preparations. 

12.  quhen  and  quhaire  lernid  he  to  speake  frenshe. 

13.  quhat  gentlewomans  letter  it  was  that  was  found 
npon  him. 

14.  and  quhairfore  doth  she  give  him  another  name 
in  it  than  he  gives  to  himself. 

15.  if  he  was  euer  a  papiste  and  if  so  quho  broche  hiiil 
up  in  it. 

16.  if  other  wayes  hou  was  he  conuerted,  quhaire, 
quhen,  and  by  quhom ;  this  course  of  his  lyfe  I  ame  the 
more  desyrous  to  knou  because  I  haue  dyuers  motives 
leading  me  to  suspect  that  he  hath  remained  long  be- 
yonde  the  seas  and  ather  is  a  preiste  or  hath  long  seruid 
some  preiste  or  fugitive  abroad,  for  I  cann  yett  (as  I  said 
in  the  beginning  heirof )  meite  with  no  man  that  knowis 
him,  the  letter  found  ujwn  him  giues  him  another  name, 
and  those  that  best  knowis  his  maister  can  neuer  remem- 
ber to  haue  seene  him  in  his  companie ;  quhaire  upon  it 
should  seeme  that  he  hath  bene  reccomendit  by  some 
personnis  to  his  maistersseruice.only  for  this  use,  qnhairein 
only  he  hath  seruid  him  :  and  thairfore  he  wold  also  bfe 
asked  in  quhat  company  and  shippe  he  went  out  of  Eng- 
land and  the  porte  he  shipped  at  and  the  lyke  quasstions 
wolde  be  asked  anent  the  forme  of  his  returne :  as  for 
these  trumpery  waires  founde  upon  him  the  signification 
and  use  of  euerie  one  of  them  wolde  be  knowin;  and 
quhat  I  haue  obserued  in  them  the  Bearer  will  shou  you : 
nou  haste;  ye  remember  of  the  crewallie  uillanous  pas- 
quill  that  rayted  upon  me  for  the  name  ofbrittain*  if 
I  remember  right  it  spake  something  of  haruest  and 
prophecied  my  destruction  about  that  tyme,  ye  maye 
thinke  of  this  for  it  is  tyde  to  be  the  labour  of  such  a  des- 
perate fellow  as  this  is :  if  he  will  not  otherwayes  confess 
the  gentler  tortours  are  to  be  first  usid  unto  him  and  sic 
per  gradus  ad  ima  tenditur  and  so  god  speede  youre 
goode  worke. 

"James  R." 
Endorsed  by  Salisbury  "  The  K's  Articles." 


Discovery  of  Gunpowder  Plot  by  the  Magic 
Mirror.  —  The  celebrated  painter,  the  late  John 
Varley,  so  well  known  for  his  attachment  to  the 
study  of  astrology,  used  to  say  there  was  a  tradi- 
tion among  the  students  of  the  Occult  Sciences, 
that  Gunpowder  Plot  was  discovered  by  Dr.  John 
Dee  by  means  of  a  magic  mirror  :  and  he  urged 
the  difficulty,  if  not  impossibility,  of  interpret- 
ing Lord  Monteagle's  letter  without  some  other 
clue  or  information ;  the  improbability  of  being 
able  to  get  powder  into  the  House  at  all,  at  any 
rate  in  sufficient  quantity;  the  difficulty  of  dis- 
charging it  at  the  right  time,  and  the  knowledge 
that  friend  and  foe  must  in  such  a  case  perish 
together,  all  would  prevent  the  suspicion  of  the 
existence  of  such  a  plot.  I  never  certainly  had 
heard  of  such  a  tradition,  and  I  could  not  think  it 
existed,  but  was  very  much  surprised  the  other 
day,  on  looking  over  the  plates  in  an  old  Common 
Prayer  Book,  18mo.,  printed  by  Baskett,  1737,  to 
find  an  engraving  of  the  following  scene.  In  the 
centre  is  a  circular  mirror  on  a  stand,  in  which 


For  assuming  the  title  of  King  of  Great  Britain. 


370 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L2-»<i  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '59. 


is  the  reflection  of  the  Houses  of  Parliament  by 
night,  and  a  person  entering  carrying  a  dark  lan- 
tern. On  the  left  side  are  two  men  in  the  cos- 
<<  tume  of  James's  time  looking  into  the  mirror : 
one  evidently  the  king,  the  other,  from  his  secu- 
lar habit,  not  the  doctor,  but  probably  Sir  Kenelra 
Digby.  On  the  right  side,  at  the  top,  the  eye  of 
Providence  darting  a  ray  on  to  the  mirror ;  and 
below  some  legs  and  hoofs,  as  if  evil  spirits  were 
flying  out  of  the  picture.  This  plate  is  inserted 
before  the  service  for  the  Fifth  of  November,  and, 
there  can  be  no  doubt,  is  a  delineation  of  the 
method  by  which,  under  Providence  (as  is  evinced 
by  the  eye),  the  discovery  of  Gunpowder  Plot 
was  at  that  time  seriously  believed  to  have  been 
effected.  Can  any  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  me 
any  farther  information  as  to  this  curious  tradi- 
tion ?  It  must  have  been  pretty  generally  and 
seriously  believed,  or  it  never  could  have  found 
its  way  into  a  Prayer  Book  printed  by  the  king's 
printer.  Are  any  other  editions  known  with  a 
similar  plate  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


GENERAL  WOLFE  AT  QUEBEC. 

(^Concluded  from  p.  348.) 

"  lOth.  At  8  o'clock  this  morning  returned  to  Cape 
Rouge  with  the  ebb  tide.  This  morning  a  part  of  the 
army  landed  on  the  south  shore,  as  also  three  companys 
Light  Infantry,  in  order  to  refresh  the  men  and  dry  their 
camp  equipage  after  the  constant  heavy  rains  we  had 
these  two  days  past,  Capt.  Eraser's  co.  remained  on  board 
by  lott. 

"  The  General  went  down  the  river  to  reconoitre  the 
north  shore. 

"A  soldier  of  Capt.  Delaune's  co.  fell  overboard  and 
drowned. 

"  11th.  Nothing  extraordinary.  The  troops  that  landed 
yesterday  remains  on  shore ;  the  situation  of  the  enemj- 
the  same  as  the  two  past  days. 

"  12th.  By  this  day's  orders  it  appears  the  General  in- 
tends a  most  vigorous  attack,  supposed  behind  the  town, 
where  to  appearance  a  landing  is  impracticable. 

"  Our  disposition  terminates  thus :  that  the  Light  In- 
fantry are  to  lead  and  land  first,  in  order  to  maintain  a 
picquering  with  the  enemy  (as  also  cover  the  troops'  de- 
barkation) till  the  army  take  a  footing  on  the  heights. 

"  We  are  to  embark  on  board  our  flatt-bottomed  boats 
by  12  o'clock,  and  upon  the  Sutherland  man-of-war 
shewing  a  light,  we  are  to  repair  to  that  rendevouze, 
where  the  boats  will  range  in  a  line  and  proceed  when 
ordered  in  the  manner  directed ;  viz.  the  Light  Infantry 
the  van,  and  the  troops  to  follow  by  seniority.  The  armj' 
compleated  to  70  rounds  amunition  each  man ;  and  the 
flatt-bottomed  boats  to  repair  to  the  different  vessells, 
and  proportionably  divide  according  to  the  number  on 
board  the  ship. 

"  By  10  o'clock  Colonel  How  called  for  the  whole 
of  the  volunteers  in  the  Light  Infantry,  signifying  to 
them,  that  the  General  intends  that  a  few  men  may 
land  before  the  Light  Infantry  and  army,  and  scramble 
up  the  rock,  when  ordered  by  Capt.  Delaune,  who  is  to  be 
in  the  first  boat  along  with  us ;  sa\-ing  that  he  thought 
proper  to  propose  it  to  us,  as  he  judged  it  would  be  a 
choice,  and  that  if  any  of  us  survived,  might  depend  on 
our  being  recommended  to  the  General.     Made  answer : 


We  were  sensible  of  the  honour  he  did,  in  making  us  the 
first  offer  of  an  affair  of  such  importance  as  our  landing  first, 
where  an  opportunity  occured  of  distinguishing  ourselves, 
assuring.him  his  agreeable  order  would  be  put  in  execu- 
tion with  the  greatest  activity,  care,  and  vigour  in  our 
power.  He  observing  our  number  consisted  onlj"^  of  eight 
men,  viz. :  — 


"1st.   Fitz-Gerald. 
2nd.  Robertson. 
3rd.  Stewart. 
4th.  M«Allester. 


5th.  Mackenzie. 
Gth.  M«Plierson. 
7th.  Cameron. 
8th.  Bell. 


Ordered  we  should  take  2  men  each  of  our  own  choice 
from  three  companj's  of  Lt.  Infantry,  which  in  all  made 
24  men.  Which  order  being  put  in  execution  we  em- 
barked in  our  boat.  Fine  weather,  the  night  calm,  and 
silence  over  all. 

"  Waiting  impatiently  for  the  signal  of  proceeding. 

"  September  12th  and  13th,  Morning,  2  o'clock,  the 
signal  was  made  for  our  proceeding,  which  was  done  in 
pretty  good  order,  the  same  disposition  formerly  men- 
tioned. When  we  came  pretty  close  to  the  heights,  we 
rowed  close  in  with  the  north  shore,  which  made  the  Hun- 
ter sloop-of-war,  who  lay  of,  suspect  us  to  be  an  enemy, 
not  being  apprised  ofour  coming  down.  However,  we  passed 
two  sentries  on  the  beach  without  being  asked  any  ques- 
tions. The  third  sentry  challenged,  who  is  there?  Was 
answered  by  Capt.Fraser  in  the  French  tongue,  French,  say- 
ing we  are  the  provision  boats  from  Montreal,  cautioning 
the  sentry  to  be  silent,  otherwise  he  would  expose  us  to 
the  fire  of  the  English  man-of-war.  This  took  place  till 
such  time  as  their  officer  was  acquainted,  who  had  rea- 
son to  suspect  us,  ordering  all  his  sentrys  to  fire  upon  us; 
but  hy  this  time  the  aforesaid  volunteers  was  up  the 
eminence,  and  a  part  of  the  Light  Infantry  following. 
After  we  got  up  we  only  received  on  fire,  which  we  re- 
turned briskly,  and  took  a  prisoner,  the  remaining  part 
of  the  enemy  flying  into  a  field  of  corn.  At  same  time  we 
discovered  a  body  of  men  making  toward  us,  who  we 
did  not  know  (it  being  only  daybreak),  but  were  the 
enemy;  we  put  ourselves  in  the  best  posture  of  making  a 
defence :  two  of  us  advanced,  when  they  came  close,  and 
challenged  them,  when  we  found  it  was  Capt.  Fraser 
with  his  CO.,  who  we  join'd,  and  advanced  to  attack  this 
part}'  of  the  enemy  lodged  in  the  field,  who  directlj'  fled 
before  us ;  bj'  pursuing  close  the  Lieut,  and  his  drummer 
came  in  to  us.  In  this  interval  the  whole  of  the  Light 
Infantry  were  on  the  heights,  and  a  part  of  the  regts. 
We  remained  till  the  whole  army  took  post,  when 
we  were  detached  to  silence  a  batterj'  who  kept 
firing  on  our  shipping  who  were  coming  down  the  river. 
This  was  effected  without  the  loss  of  a  man ;  the  enemy 
placed  one  of  the  cannon  to  flank  us  crossing  a  bridge, 
which  they  fired,  drew  off,  and  got  into  the  woods  which 
was  within  forty  yards  of  the  batterj'.  We  demolished 
the  powder,  and  came  away. 

"On  our  return  we  saw  our  army  forming  the  line  of 
battle ;  we  (Light  Infantrj'),  who  stood  at  about  800  paces 
from  the  line,  were  ordered  to  face  outwards,  and  cover 
the  rear  ofour  line,  as  there  was  a  body  of  the  enemy  in 
their  rear  and  front  of  the  Light  Infantry.  About  G 
o'clock  observed  the  enemy  coming  from  town,  and  form- 
ing under  cover  of  their  cannon ;  we  saw  they  were  nu- 
merous, therfore  the  General  made  the  proper  disposition 
for  battle;  they  marched  up  in  one  extensive  line.  When 
they  came  within  a  reconoitring  view  they  halted,  ad- 
vancing a  few  of  their  Irregulars,  who  kept  picquering 
with  one  or  two  platoons,  who  were  advanced  for  that 
purpose,  at  the  same  time  playing  with  three  field  pieces 
on  our  line.  On  which  the  General  ordered  the  line  to 
laj'  down  till  the  enemy  came  close,  when  they  were  to 
rise  up  and  give  their  fire.    The  enemy,  thinking  by  our 


2«d  S.  VIIL  Nov.  5.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


371 


disappearing,  that  their  cannon  disconcerted  us,  they 
thought  proper  to  embrace  the  opportunity;  wheeling 
back  from  the  centre,  and  formed  three  powerful  columns, 
advanced  very  regular  with  their  cannon  playing  on  us. 
By  this  time  we  had  one  field  piece  on  the  right,  and 
two  howatson  the  left  who  began  to  give  fire;  the  enemy 
huzza'd,  advancing  with  a  short  trott  (which  was  eff^ec- 
tiially  shortened  to  a  number  of  them)  they  began  their 
fire  on  the  left,  the  whole  of  them  reclining  that  way, 
but.  received  and  sustained  such  a  check  that  the  smell 
of  gunpowder  became  nautious;  they  broke  their  line, 
running  to  all  parts  of  the  compass. 

"  To  our  great  concern  and  loss  General  Wolfe  was 
mortally  wounded ;  but  the  Brigadiers,  who  were  also 
wounded,  excepting  Murraj-,  seeing  the  enemy  break,  or- 
dered the  Granadiers  to  charge  in  among  them  with  their 
bayonets,  as  also  the  Highlanders  with  their  swords, 
which  did  some  execution,  particularly  in  the  pursuit. 

"During  the  lines  being  engaged,  a  body  of  the  enemy 
attacked  a  part  of  the  Light  Infantrj'  on  the  right,  were 
repulsed,  and  thought  proper  to  follow  the  fait  of  traverse 
sailing.  As  I  was  not  in  the  line  of  battle  I  can't  say 
what  the  latest  disposition  of  the  enemy  was  before  en- 
gaging- 

"  How  soon  this  action  was  over  we  received  a  part  of 
our  intrenching  tools,  and  began  to  make  redoubts,  not 
knowing  but  next  morning  we  would  have  another  to  cut, 
as  the  enemy  expected  13  companies  of  Granadiers  to 
join,  and  about  2000  men  who  occupy'd  a  post  near 
Point  au  Treamp,  but  it  seemed  they  were  not  recovered 
of  the  former  morning's  portion ;  not  liking  English  me- 
dicines. 

"This  affair  gave  great  spirit  to  the  whole  army,  not- 
withstanding the  loss  of  the  much  regretted  Life  of  the 
Army,  General  Wolfe.  The  men  kept  sober,  which  was 
a  great  maxim  of  their  bravery. 

"  Towards  the  evening  a  part  of  the  enemy,  who  were 
of  the  Regulars,  formed,  who  seemed  to  make  a  shew  of 
standing;  Colonel  Burton,  48th  regt.,  was  drawn  opposite 
with  a  field  piece  in  their  front,  which  disputed  them. 
We  took  post  in  our  redoubts ;  not  having  the  camp 
equipage  on  shore,  part  of  the  army  lay  on  their  arms  in 
the  field  till  next  morning.  All  quiet  during  the  night 
of  the  13th." 

This  abruptly  finishes  the  MS.  of  "Journal  of 
the  particular  Transactions  during  the  Siege  of 
Quebec."  J.  Noble. 

Inverness. 


TALBOT    MONUMENTS. 

In  the  old  church,  at  Whitchurch,  Shropshire, 
was  erected  a  stately  monument  to  Sir  John 
Talbot,  Knt.,  1st  Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  of  which 
the  effigy  alone  is  preserved  in  the  modern  build- 
ing constructed  on  the  demolition  of  the  ancient 
structure  during  the  last  century. 

Much  interest  has  recently  been  taken  in  this  an- 
cient peerage.  It  may  not  be  out  of  place  at  the  pre- 
sent time  to  quote  some  extracts  from  theDineley 
MSS.  in  my  possession,  written  about  1670,  re- 
•garding  the  tomb  of  the  founder  of  tlie  earldom, 
now  removed  in  so  mutilated  a  state  to  the  modern 
church. 

"  In  the  church  porch  (Whitchurch),  under  a  great  ra- 
rity, a  large  square  blewish  pebble  stone,  lyeth  interred  the 
famous  John  Talbot,  Earl  of  Shrewsbury :  upon  this  there 


are  discernible  several  brass  nayles  whereto  had  been 
affixed  a  brass  plate,  supposed  to  have  been  stolen  away 
by  y"  soldiery  in  the  late  unnatural  wars,  who  have 
also  crakt,  and  much  abused  the  same  by  making  fires 
thereon.  This  great  Captain,  who  had  been  Lord  Lieut, 
of  Ireland,  before  whom  a  Parliament  was  summoned  at 
Trim,  in  the  25  of  Henrj'  VI.,  was  slaj'ne  in  France  at 
Chastillon,  upon  y«  river  Durdon,  neer  Bourdeaux,  with 
a  bullet  from  a  harquebush  in  his  thigh  —  after  various 
testimonies  of  courage  against  the  French  for  24  years. 
Some  would  have  him  to  be  buried  in  Rouen,  the"  chief 
city  of  Normandj';  but  most  agree  it  was  his  choice  to 
be  buried  in  Whitchurch  porch,  that  the  Whitchurch 
men,  who  had  behaved  themselves  so  valiantlj'  over  him 
in  France,  thej'  and  their  posterity  should  walk  over  his 
remains  to  y«  end  of  j<'  world.  The  inscription  is :  '  Orate 
pro  anima  pra3nobilis  Dmi  Dmi  Johis  Talbot,  quondam 
Coniitis  Salopiae,  dmi  Furnival,  dmi  Verdun,  dmi  Strange 
de  Blaekmere,  et  Marescalli  Francise,  qui  obiit  in  bello 
apud  Burdews,  July  vii.  mccccliii.'  Though  the  body 
of  Earl  John  be  interred  in  the  porch  under  that  plain 
grave  stone,  yet  going  up  into  the  high  chancel  is  seen 
a  cenotaph  or  honorary  monument  erected  honoris  et 
memorise  gratia  to  him,  where  he  lieth  in  armour  in  his 
garter,  robes,"  &c. 

The  brother  of  Earl  John  was  Archbishop  of 
Dublin.  In  the  body  of  the  quire  of  St.  Patrick's 
cathedral,  Dublin,  was  his  monument  inlayed  in 
brass,  with  this  inscription  *  :  — 

"  Ricardus  Talbot  latet  [hie  sub  Marmore  pressns,] 
Archi  fuit  praesul  hujus  sedis  reverends, 
Parvos  Canonicos  [qui]  fundavitque  Choristas, 
Anno  milleno,  C  quater,  quater  X  quoque  nono. 
Quindeno  Augusti  mensis  mundo  valedixit: 
Omnipotens  Dominus  cui  propitietur  in  sevum." 
He  was  founder  of  the  canons  and  choristers  of 
the  church,  and  died  Aug.  [15]  1449-      Dineley 
gives  a  drawing  of  this  brass,  with  the  Archbif^hop's 
effigy,  and  the   petty  canons    and  choristers   on 
each  side.     It  no  longer  exists  in  St.  Patrick's 
church. 

There  is  also  in  the  MS.  volume  a  drawing  of 
the  old  church  of  Whitchurch,  which  appears  to 
have  been  partly  built  of  timber ;  and  the  monu- 
ment within  it,  as  it  then  existed,  of  Lord  Shrews- 
bury. T.  E.  WiNNINGTON. 


THE    NEW   TESTAMENT    IN    MODERN    GREEK. 

It  is  a  fact  worthy  of  notice,  that,  in  the  middle 
of  the  seventeenth  century,  whilst  England  could 
scarcely  boast  yet  of  a  new  and  authorised  ver- 
sion of  the  Sacred  Scriptures,  the  Dutch  govern- 
ment had  already  taken  measures  for  spreading 
the  Gospel  in  foreign  parts.  For  not  only  had, 
by  order  of  the  States  General  of  the  United 
Provinces,  the  New  Testament  been  translated 
into  modern  Greek,  but  also,  not  very  long  after- 
wards, a  modern  Greek  version  had  been  pro- 
cured of  our  Dutch  Reformed  Confession  of 
Faith,  our  Catechism,  and  our  Liturgy. 

"  The  translation  of  the  New  Testament  had  been  in- 

[*  The  words  in  brackets  are  added  from  Ware's  Ire- 
land,—  Ed.] 


m 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  6.  '69. 


trusted  to  the  hands  of  a  learned  Greek,  yclept  Maximus, 
of  CalliopoUs  (VoKtii  Catal.  Libr.  Ear.  p.  m.  662,  663.; 
cf.  Is.  le  Long,  Biblioth.  Select,  p.  53.,  and  Rumpius  in 
Commetdat.  Crit.  ad  Libras  iV.  T.,  p.  367.) :  that  of  the 
Formularies  to  those  of  Hierotheus,  the  Archimandrite  of 
Cephalonia.  And  so  it  was,  that,  by  command  and  at 
the  expense  of  the  Dutch  Republic,  the  New  Testament 
was  published  in  modern  Greek  at  Geneva,  A.  d.  1638.* 
Some  copies  of  it  were  instantly  disposed  of  in  such 
countries  where  Greek  Christians  resided  (J?cso/.  of  the 
States  Gener.  Feb.  22,  1646),  but  the  greater  part  for- 
warded to  Constantinople  and  consigned  to  the  care  of 
the  States'  envoy  in  that  place,  in  order  to  be  at  hand 
when  the  first  opportunity  for  distribution  might  offer. 
And  an  offer  very  soon  presented  itself:  for  Hierotheus, 
bent  upon  returning  to  his  fatherland,  had  sent  word 
from  England,  where  he  had  been  for  some  time,  re- 
questing the  Leyden  Professors  of  Theology  to  acquaint 
the  States  General  of  his  fervent  wish  and  desire  to 
spread  the  two  translations  we  mentioned  throughout 
the  regions  of  the  East,  wherever  their  High  Mighti- 
nesses would  think  fit.  This  he  was  prepared  to  do, 
notwithstanding  the  danger  he  would  be  exposed  to 
from  the  Turkish  government,  and  commending  himself 
to  the  protection  of  the  Most  High.  The  professors  ac- 
quitted themselves  of  their  message,  whereupon  the 
States  General  commanded  them  to  send  to  Hierotheus 
half  the  copies  of  the  translated  Formularies,  which,  also 
at  the  cost  of  the  Republic,  had  appeared  in  1648 ;  further- 
more signifying  to  their  minister  at  the  Turkish  court 
to  commit  to  Hierotheus,  upon  his  arrival  in  Constanti- 
nople, half  of  the  impression  of  the  New  Testament,  for 
distribution :  '  first  to  the  patriarch,  and  then  to  the 
other  preachers  and  fautors  of  the  Christian  community 
in  those  parts;  trusting,  that  he  would  acquit  himself 
of  this  duty  with  the  necessary  discretion  and  faithful- 
ness, as  offering  a  gift  so  excellent  and  holy.'  (JFJesoZ. 
of  the  States  Gener.,  April  3,  and  May  14,  1649.)  I  do 
not  know  whether  Hierotheus  in  reality  accomplished  his 
nndertaking :  but  of  his  honesty  a  favourable  testimony 
appears  in  the  account  given  of  him  by  the  Leyden  pro- 
fessors, and  inserted  in  the  Resolutions  of  the  States 
General.  Of  the  modern  Greek  translation  of  the  New 
Testament,  a  reprint  was  published  at  London  in  1703, 
under  the  editorship  of  Serapheimus  Arion  of  Mitj'lene ; 
but,  next  year,  this  edition  was  solemnly  cursed  and 
burnt  in  the  patriarchal  palace  of  Constantinople.  I 
niust  suppose  this  was  done  because  of  its  inaccuracy,  for 
I  cannot  find  another  reason,  as  Cyrillus,  the  patriarch 
of  Constantinople,  himself  had  inaugurated  the  first  edi- 
tion with  a  commendatory  preface.  See  Vogtii  Catal. 
Libr.  Bar.  U.  U.,  according  to  whom,  however,  Sera- 
pheimus should  have  been  one  of  the  translators  of  the 
first  edition  of  1638,  though  neither  this  edition,  of  which 
a  copy  is  extant  in  the  Town  Library  of  Gouda,  nor 
Beijerus,  to  whom  he  refers  (Arcana  Biblioth.  Dresdens. 
p.  m.  81  et  82),  afford  a  single  proof  that  Serapheimus 
ever  had  a  hand  in  it.  The  second  edition  was  procured 
by  him,  but  Helladius  brands  it  as  inaccurate.    A  third 


[*  A  copy  of  this  edition  is  noticed  in  Pettigrew's 
Biblio.  Sussex,  ii.  469, ;  "  Novum  Testamkntum.  Neo- 
Grajcum,  Geneva.  P.  Chouet,  1638.  4",  2  vols.  Cyril 
Sucar,  who  is  reported  to  have  presented  the  Alexandrian 
MS.  to  Charles  I.,  promoted  an  edition  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment in  the  vernacular  Greek,  undertaken  by  Maximus 
Calliopolitus,  at  the  instance  of  Cornelius  Haga,  the 
Dutch  ambassador  at  Constantinople,  and  printed  at 
Geneva  in  1638,  in  4°.  To  this  edition  he  wrote  a  pre- 
face, in  which  he  vindicates  the  propriety  of  translating 
the  Scriptures  into  the  vulgar  tongues,  and  the  right  of 
all  persons  to  read  them."— Ed,] 


edition  was  published  at  Halle  by  Anastasius  Michael  of 
Macedonia,  a.d.  1710. 

"  The  modern  Greek  Formularies  of  the  Dutch  Re- 
formed Church  appeared  at  Lej'den  in  1648.  They  are  in 
4to.  See  J.  C.  Koechei',  Catechetische  Histor.  der  Gereform. 
Kcrke,  p.  286.  This  translation,  of  which  the  Gouda 
Library  possesses  a  copy,  is  very  rare,  and  unknown  to 
most  of  the  learned.  Cf.  Te  Water,  Tweede  Eeuwgetyde 
der  Geloofsbelyd.,  p.  164." 

Translated  from  Byvoegsels  en  Aanmerkingen 
voor  het  Twaalfde  Deel  der  Vaderlandsche  Historie 
van  Jan  Wagenaar,  door  Mr.  H.  van  Wyn,  Mr. 
N.  C.  LambrecJdsen,  Mr.  Ant.  Martini,  E.  M. 
Engelberts  en  Anderen.  Te  Amsterdam,  by  Jo- 
hannes Allart,  1793,  p.  77.  sqq. 

J.  H.  VAN  Lbnnbp. 
Manpadt  House,  near  Haarlem, 
Sept.  23, 1859. 


PBOBLEM   IN    BHTME. 

I  found  the  following  in  the  mathematical  ques- 
tions of  a  defunct  periodical  {Literarium,  July  15, 
1857),  and  think  it  worthy  of  preservation.  The 
problem  of  "  Bacchus  and  Silenus"  has  been  piven 
among  the  equation-conundrums  in  books  of  al- 
gebra for  a  very  long  time.  It  may  serve  as  a 
companion  to  the  problem  in  Vyse's  Arithmetic : 
"  When  first  the  marriage-knot  was  tied,"  &c. 

Arithmetical  Books,  p.  81. 
A.  De  Morgan. 

"  Deab  Fred,  —  As  you're  so  clever  all  at  once  at  an 
equation. 
And  think  that  you  are  capable  of  No.  44.,* 
Just  trj'  your  hand  at  this,  'twill  require  consideration, 
And  so  I  have  no  doubt  you'll  consider  it — a  bore. 
"  In  a  pleasant  vale  of  Thessalj',  as  odorous  and  green  as 
This  valley  of  the  Thames,  where  I  sit  and  scribble 
now. 
Under  ruddy-fruited    ash-trees    slept  the   jolly  god 
Silenus ; 
The  coronal  of  ivy-leaves  had  fallen  fVora  his  brow. 

"  Beside  him  was  a  wine- cask  which  half-a-dozen  satyrs 
Had  brought  him  down  —  to  breakfast  as  soon  as  he 
should  wake ; 
With  pickled  anchovies  in  jars,  and  figs  on  rustic  plat- 
ters— 
For  tea  and  toast  and  new-laid  eggs  Silenus  wouldn't 
take. 

"  Came  dancing  down  the  hill-side  young  Bacchus  brisk 
and  nimble, 
And  a  troop  of  hederigerae  f  ran  joyously  behind ; 
They  blew  shrill  pipes  vivaciously  —  they  crashed  the 
brazen  cymbal, 
Their  chesnut  tresses  fluttered  as  they  met  the  merry 
wind. 

"  But  they  didn't  wake  Silenus,  so  young  Bacchus  took 
to  drinking  — 
He  tapped  his  tutor's  barrel,  and  he  emptied  many  a 
bowl: 
If  Silenus  'stead  of  Bacchus  had  been  at  it,  I  am  thinking, 
For  half  as  long  again,  he'd  finished  up  the  whole. 


*   Vide  Colenso's  Algebra, 
t  Catullus. 


Sud  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '590 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


373 


"  Bat  the  younger  god  grew  merrioe,  and  raised  a  joyw^ia 
carol  — 
And  tlie  elder  rubbed  hia  ej'es  and  yawned,  and  made 
a  sudden  burst, 
Crying,  *  Hang  it,  you  young  vagabond,  be  ofif  from 

that  there  barrel ! ' 
.    Then  he  finished  it  himself,  uith  his  customary  thirst. 

"  Had  they  both  together  drunk,  two  hours  less  it  would 
have  taken. 
And  Bacchus  would  have  had  just  half  he  left  Silenus 
there ; 
And  now  you're  to  discover  (if  your  intellect's  not 
shaken) 
How  long  each  alone  would  take  to  drink  that  cask 
of  nectar  bare. 

"  Which  if  you  do—  and  verify — quod  erat  demonstran- 
dum. 
This  problem  picturesque  about  the  juices  of  the 
grape  — 
I'll  say  that  you  are  worthy  to  be  driven  in  a  tandem 
With  your  ancient  friend,  Colenso,  who  is  Bishop  at 
the  Cape. 

"  John  Mauleverer." 
[For  the  original  prose  of  this  equation,  vide  Colenso's 
Algebra,  Part  II.,  St.  John's  College  Equation  Papers.] 


INSCRIPTIONS    AND    EPITAPHS. 

Inscriptions  on  Old  Houses. — Over  the  door  of 
an  old  house  in  Lisburn  not  long  since  was  the 
following  inscription  :  — 
"H 

I  I.    1708. 

"The  year  above  this  house  erected. 
This  town  was  burnt  y^  j'ear  before. 
People  therein  by  law  ejected, 
God  hath  judgement  still  in  store. 
And  that  they  do  not  Him  provoke 
To  give  to  them  a  second  stroke. 
The  Builder  also  doth  desire, 
At  expiration  of  his  lease. 
The  landlord  living  at  that  time 
May  think  upon  the  builder's  case." 

At  the  time  the  town  was  bui-nt  (which  hap- 
pened on  a  Sunday  through  a  girl  throwing  out 
lighted  cinders)  the  houses  were  covered  with 
shingles,  and  only  two  houses  in  Castle  Street 
escaped  the  conflagration.      These   houses  were 

standing  in  1827.  Alfbed  T.  Lee. 

# 

Gateway  Inscription.  —  The  Perigord  motto  of 
the  Talleyrand  family,  Rien  que  Dieu,  brings  to 
mind  another  no  less  remarkable,  which  was  to  be 
seen  up  to  the  time  of  the  Revolution  over  the 
gateway  of  the  Chateau  de  Lusignan  in  the  Age- 
nais  :  — 

"  Lous  Lusignan  soun  tan  audessus  des  autres  gens. 
Que  I'ore  est  audessus  de  I'argent." 

Thoinas  Raikes's  Journal,  vol.  iii,  p.  267. 
K.  P.  D.  E. 

Sepulchral  Inscription.  — 

"  In  the  nave  is  an  interesting  incised  slab  to  an  Eng- 
lishman, like  those  common  in  Florence,  of  inlaid  black 
and  white  marble.    The  legend  is  as  follows :  — 

"  '  Hie  jacet  egregius  legum  doctor  magister  Thomas 


Weston  Anglicus  qui  obiit  anno  domini  m  cccc  viij  die 
29  mensis  Augustl  cujus  anima  in  pace  requiescat.' 

"  The  arms  are  given  argent  a  saltire  sable.  The  tinc- 
tures may  be  inaccurate,  as  tiiere  are  only  two  colours  of 
marble  used  in  the  slab." — Continental  Ecclesioloqy,  by 
Rev.  B.  Webb,  p.  392. 

K.  P.  D.  E. 

Epitaph  on  a  Dog  at  Irongate  Stairs,  Tower, 
London.  —  I  copied  the  following  epitaph  a  few 
days  ago  from  the  wall  leading  to  the  stairs,  and, 
if  you  think  it  worthy  of  a  corner  in  "  N.  &  Q.," 
you  are  welcome  to  it :  — 

"  In  Memory  of  Egj'pt,  a  favourite  Dog,  which  belonged 
to  the  Irongate  Watermen.     He  was  killed  on 
the  4th  August,  1841. 
Aged  10  j-ears. 
"  Here  lies  interred,  beneath  this  spot, 
A  faithful  dog  who  should  not  be  forgot : 
Full  15  years  he  watched  here  with  care. 
Contented  with  hard  bed,  and  harder  fare. 
Around  the  Tower  he  daily  used  to  roam. 
In  search  of  bits  so  savory,  or  a  bone. 
A  military  pet  he  was,  and  in  the  Docks 
His  rounds  he  always  went  at  12  o'clock,  — 
Supplied  with  cash,  which  held  between  his  jaws, — 
The  reason's  plain,— he  had  no  hands  but  paws  — 
He'd  trot  over  Tower  Hill  to  a  favorite  shop, 
There  -eat  his  meal,  and  down  his  money  drop. 
To  club  he  went  on  each  successive  night,  — 
Where  dressed  in  jacket  gay  he  took  his  pipe; 
With  spectacles  on  nose  he  plaj'ed  his  tricks. 
And  paw'd  the  paper,  not  the  politics : 
Going  his  usual  round,  near  traitors'  gate. 
Infirm  and  almost  blind  he  met  his  fate. 
By  ruthless  kicic  hurled  from  the  wharf,  below 
The  stones  o'er  which  the  gentle  Thames  do  flow,^ 
Mortally  injured,  soon  resigned  his  breath. 
Thus  left  his  friends  who  here  record  his  death. 
Alas,  poor  Egypt ! " 

I  give  it  to  you  verbatim  et  literatim,  and  I  have 
no  doubt  the  watermen  would  be  highly  pleased 
to  see  the  epitaph  in  "  black  and  white,"  and  were 
quite  gratified  at  my  notice  of  it. 

I  have  been  assured  from  various  sources  of  the 
truthfulness  of  the  Memoriam,  and  the  watermen 
themselves  talk  of  him  to  the  present  day  with 
very  warm  expressions  of  regret.  Geoege  Lloyd. 

Curious  Epitaph. — I  think  the  following  curious 
epitaph,  which  is  upon  a  stone  monument  on  the 
north  wall  of  the  chancel  of  the  parish  church  of 
Thurltqu  in  the  co.  of  Norfolk,  worthy  of  pre- 
servation iu  "  N".  &  Q."  :  — 

^  Here  lyeth  in  tearred  the 

body  of  Ann  Deney  one  of  the 

eight  daughters  &  coheires  of 

William  Sj'dnor.  Esq'",  and  wife  of 

Glover  Denny,  Gent,  who  departed 

this  life  the"  9ti^  of  March  in  the 

yeare  of  our  Lord  1665. 


"Reader  stay  and  5-ou  shall  heare. 
With  your  eye,  who  'tis  lies  here 
For  when  stones  doe  silence  brake 
Th'  voice  is  seene  not  heard  to  speake." 

G.  W.  M. 


374 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'i  S.  VIII.  Nov.  6.  '59^ 


Sun  Dial  Inscription.  —  Over  the  porch  of  Mil- 
ton church,  Berks,  1859,  is  the  following  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

"  Our  Life's  a  flying  Shadow,  God's  the  Pole, 
Death,  the  Horizon,  where  our  sun  is  set ; 
The  Index,  pointing  at  him,  is  our  Soul, 

Which  will  through  Christ  a  Resurrection  get." 

W.  J.  Bern  HARD  Smith. 

Temple. 


HOOP   rETTICOATS    AKD    CRIKOLINE. 

In  the  desultory  reading  of  a  dusty  volume  I, 
came  across  the  following  —  at  this  period  inter- 
esting subject  —  in  a  scarce  book,  entitled  "The 
London  Tradesman.  Being  a  compendious  View  of 
all  the  Trades,  Professions,  Arts,  both  Liberal  and 
Mechanic,  now  practised  in  the  Cities  of  London 
and  Westminster.  Calculated  for  the  Information 
of  Parents,  and  Instruction  of  Youth  in  their  choice 
of  Business,"  by  R.  Campbell,  Esq.  London,  1747. 
In  these  days  of  crinoline  and  hoop-petticoats,  the 
fair  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  will  be  amused  to  see 
the  doings  of  their  great-grandmothers  therein 
embalmed :  — 

«  Of  the  Hoop- Petti- Coat- Maker. 

"If  I  am  not  mistaken  I  placed  the  Hoop -Petticoat- 
Maker  as  an  Article  in  the  Milliner's  Branch  ;  but,  upon 
Kecolleetion,  I  chuse  to  afford  this  seven-fold  Fence  a 
Section  bj'  itself,  since  I  am  bound  to  do  Honour  to 
every  thing  that  concerns  the  Fair ;  and  if  I  had  lumped 
it  with  the  rest  of  their  Wardrobe,  I  might  be  suspected 
an  Enemy  to  this  Female  Entrenchment.  The  Materials 
are  striped  Holland,  Silk,  or  Check,  according  to  the 
Quality  of  the  Fair ;  to  be  inclosed,  and  supported  with 
rows  of  Whale-Bone,  or  Rattan. 

"  When  this  ingenious  Contrivance  came  in  Fashion 
has  much  perplexed  the  learned :  some  will  have  it  that 
Semiramis  wore  one  of  them  in  her  famous  Expedition, 
and  some  other  Antiquaries  will  have  us  believe  the 
Queen  of  Sheba  was  dressed  in  one  full  five  yards  in  cir- 
cumference at  her  first  Interview  with  Solomon.  How 
these  Accounts  are  attested  I  leave  to  the  Learned  World 
to  settle ;  it  is  sufficient  for  us  to  know,  that  by  some 
unlucky  Accident  they  came  in  Disuse,  and  were  revived 
again  about  the  Middle  of  the  last  Century.  They  first 
appeared  under  the  Denomination  of  Farthingales,  and 
were  less  in  their  Dimensions;  but  they  now  seem  to 
have  arrived  at  their  perfect  State,  and,  like  all  other 
sublunar)'  Things,  begin  to  decrease  in  Bulk.  As  to  their 
Use,  I  dare  not  divulge  the  Secrets  of  the  Fair;  they 
have  kept  it  inviolably,  nay,  better  than  we  have  kept 
the  Free- Mason's  Sign;  for  I  defj'  all  the  Male  Creation 
to  discover  the  secret  Use  the  Ladies  designed  them  for. 
Some  apparent  Advantages  flow  from  them,  which  every 
one  ma}-  see,  but  they  have  a  cabalistical  Meaning,  which 
none  but  such  as  are  within  the  Circle  can  fathom.  We 
see  they  are  Friends  of  Men,  for  they  have  let  us  into 
all  the  Secrets  of  the  Ladies'  Legs,  which  we  might  have 
been  ignorant  of  to  Eternity  without  their  Help;  they 
discover  to  us  indeed  a  Sample  of  what  we  wish  to  pur- 
chase, yet  serve  as  a  Fence  to  keep  us  at  an  awful  Dis- 
tance. They  encourage  the  Consumption  of  our  Manu- 
factures in  a  prodigious  Degree,  and  the  great  Demand 
we  have  fpr  Whale-Bone  renders  them  truly  beneficial  to 


our  good  Allies  the  Dutch ;  in  short,  they  are  a  publie 
Good,  and  as  such  I  recommend  them. 

"They  are  chiefly' made  b}' Women :  They  must  not. 
be  polluted  by  the  unhallowed  Hands  of  a  rude  Male. 
These  Women  make  a  tolerable  Living  bj'  it.  The  Work 
is  harder  than  most  Needle- Work,  and  requires  Girls  of 
Strength.  A  Mistress  must  have  a  pretty  kind  of  Genius 
to  make  them  sit  well,  and  adjust  them  to  the  reigning- 
mode ;  but  in  the  main,  it  is  not  necessary  she  should  bs; 
a  witch. 

"  Since  I  am  so  bold  as  to  make  free  with  the  Ladies* 
Hoop-Petticoat,  I  must  just  peep  under  the  Quilted  Pet- 
ticoat. Every  one  knows  the  Materials  they  are  made 
of:  Thpy  are  made  mostly  by  Women,  and  some  Men» 
who  are  employed  by  the  Shops,  and  earn  but  Little. 
They  quilt  likewise  Quilts  for  Beds  for  the  Upholder, 
This  they  make  more  of  than  of  the  Petticoats,  but 
not  very  considerable,  nothing  to  get  rich  bj',  unless 
they  are  able  to  purchase  the  Materials,  and  sell  them 
finished  to  the  shops,  which  few  of  them  do.  They  rarely 
take  Apprentices,  and  the  Women  they  employ  to  help 
them,  earn  Three  or  Four  Shillings  a  Week  and  their 
Diet." 

Luke  Limne«. 

Regent's  Park. 


THE   EPITAPH   OF   DEAN   NOWELt,    AND   IMPORT 
or   THE    CONTRACTION  "  I." 

On  the  monument  of  Alexander  Nowell,  Dean 
of  St.  Paul's,  formerly  in  the  old  cathedral,  whicli 
is  engraved  in  Dugdale's  St.  Paul's,  and  copied  in 
Churton's  Life  of  Novsell,  at  p.  366.,  was  a  long 
Latin  inscription,  two  of  the  clauses  of  which  are 
as  follow  :  — 

"  Marianis  temporibus  propter  Christum  exulanti : 
Reducum,  i.  uere  Religionis,  contra  Anglo-papistas  duo- 
bus  libris  assertori." 

In  the  latter  of  which  an  abbreviation,  not  I 
believe  very  uncommon,  has  strangely  puzzled,  at 
distant  intervals  of  time,  the  biographers  of  that 
patriarchal  survivor  of  the  English  Reformers. 
Donald  Lupton,  in  his  History  of  the  Modern 
Protestant  Divines,  printed  in  1637,  asserted  that 
Nowell  was  "  the  first  that  returned  from  foreign, 
parts," — a  statement  which  Archdeacon  Churton 
took  the  trouble  to  disprove  (Life  of  Nowell,  1809, 
p.  37.)  ;  and  perceiving  that  it  was  derived  from 
a  misapprehension  of  the  epitaph,  added  in  a 
note :  — 

"  I  suspect  '  reducum  i, '  which  is  certainly  a  blander, 
and  probably  ought  to  be  '  reduci,'  was  read  *  reducum 
primo,'  and  of  course  translated  '  the  first  of  those  that 
returned.'  " 

Again,  when  explaining  and  commenting  on 
the  epitaph  in  p.  366.,  Archdeacon  Churton  says  : 

" '  Reducum  i.'  This  seems  to  be  at  once  the  error  and 
correction,  and,  as  conjectured,  p.  37.  n.,  ought  probably 
to  have  been  '  reduci.'  " 

It  is  surprising  that  Archdeacon  Churton,  as- 
sisted as  he  was  by  the  learned  Dr.  T.  D.  Whita- 
ker,  should  have  betrayed  this  ignorance  of  an 
abbreviation  whiph  I  have  certainly  often  seen  — 


2'"»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


375 


and  though  I  have  no  othei'  example  at  hand  to 
produce,  some  will  probably  occur  to  many  other 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  —  both  in  manuscripts  and 
in  old  printed  books.  It  was  merely  this  :  where 
we  now  use  i.  e.  for  id  est,  the  single  letter  i.  was 
considered  sufficient.  But,  besides  their  misap- 
prehension of  the  meaning  of  t.,  both  Donald 
Lupton  and  Archdeacon  Churton  alike  misunder- 
stood the  import  of  reducum.  They  seem  to  have 
been  led  to  that  misunderstanding  by  the  pre- 
ceding clause,  in  which  it  is  stated  that  Nowell 
had  been  one  of  the  exiles  in  the  reign  of  Mary  : 
but  in  reality  there  is  no  connexion  or  allusion 
between  the  two  clauses,  and  the  word  reducum 
has  nothing  to  do  with  the  exiles  and  their  "re- 
turn." The  writer's  intention  was  simply  to  state 
that  Nowell  was  "  the  defender  of  the  Reformers 
in  two  books  that  he  wrote  against  the  English 
Papists."  Wishing  to  express  this,  he  had  no 
single  Latin  word  into  which  he  could  translate 
the  term  Reformers ;  and  he  therefore  effected  his 
purpose  by  styling  them  "  Reduces  i.  Verae  Reli- 
gionis," — "the  bringers-back  (that  is  to  say)  of 
True  Religion."  John  Gough  Nichols. 


Minav  ^atei. 
Richmond  and  its  Maids  of  Honour.  —  The.  re- 
fined gourmand  in  patisserie  will  scarcely  visit 
Richmond  without  paying  his  devoirs  to  the 
maids  of  honour.  These  may  be  characterised 
as  most  delicate  and  delicious  little  cheesecakes, 
for  which  that  place  has  long  enjoyed  an  esta- 
blished reputation,  under,  it  is  believed,  the  fol- 
lowing circumstances  :  —  When  the  Prince  of 
Wales,  George  Augustus  (postea  George  11.)  oc- 
cupied the  Royal  House  at  Richmond,  the  accom- 
modation for  the  maids  of  honour  of  the  princess 
was  quite  insufficient,  and  he  caused  a  row  of 
houses  to  be  built  for  their  residence,  which  still 
exists  under  the  denomination  of  "  Maids  of  Ho- 
nour Row."  The  royal  confectioner  invented 
these  so-much  improved  cheesecakes,  which  gain- 
ing great  celebrity,  a  pastrycook  of  the  town  was 
fortunate  enough  to  obtain  the  receipt,  and  esta- 
blished a  good  business.  Towai'ds  the  latter  part 
of  the  last  century,  a  Mr.  William  Hester  so  far 
obtained  the  patronage  and  support  of  the  place 
and  neighbourhood  that  he  was  soon  enabled  to 
leave  off  business,  and  it  is  said  on  retiring  sold 
the  receipt  for  making  his  maids  of  honour  for 
300^.  Theodore  Hook,  who  delighted  to  treat 
everything  with  fun,  equivoque,  and  whimsical- 
ness,  speaks*  of  going  with  a  party  of  ladies  to 
one  of  the  hotels,  ringing  the  bell,  and  desirins 
the  waiter  to  bring  in  the  "maids  of  honour." 
The  ladies  became  alarmed,  thinking  they  were 
going  to  have  some  ambiguous  company  intro- 

*   Gilbert  Gurney,  3  vols.,  1836,  vol.  i."  p.  110. 
2°dS.  VIII.  NO.  201.] 


duced,  but  were  soon  appeased  when  the  pastry 
appeared.  22. 

Ancient  Will.  — 

"  A"  1450.  Testamentum  dm  Tho.  Cumberworth,  mil. 

"  In  the  name  of  Gode  and  to  his  loveyng,  Amen.  I, 
Thomas  Cumbj-rworth,  Kn^-ght,  the  xv.  day  of  Feber'jer, 
the  3er  of  owre  Lord  m.cccc  and  ti.,  in  clere  mynde  and 
hele  of  body,  blyssed  be  gode,  ordan  my  last  wyll  on  this 
wise  folowyng.  Furst  I  gyff  nu"-  sawle  to  gode  my  lorde 
and  my  redemptor,  and  mj'  wrechid  body  to  be  beryd  in 
a  chitte  *  w'owte  any  kyste  t  in  the  northyle  of  the  parych 
kirke  of  Someretby  be  my  wj'fe,  and  I  wyll  my  body  ly 
still,  my  mowth  opyn  untild  xxiiij  ovvr3's  and  aft'  laid  on 
bene  w*owtyn  any  thyng  yopon  to  cover  it  bot  a  sheit 
and  a  b!ak  cloth,  w*  a  white  crose  of  cloth  of  golde,  bot  I 
wyl  my  kj'ste  be  made  and  stande  by,  and  at  my  bereall 
giff  it  to  hj'm  that  fiUis  my  grave.  Also  I  gifF  my 
blissed  lord  God  for  my  mortuary  there  I  am  bered  my 
best  hors." — Regist.  Marmad.  Lumley,  epl  Line.,  fo.  43. 

Z.  z. 

Statistics  of  Letters  sent  hy  Post.  —  The  follow- 
ing piece  of  epistolary  statistics  is  curious  ;  and, 
as  the  document  which  contains  it  is  seen  by  com- 
paratively few,  it  appears  to  merit  the  extensive 
circulation  which  it  will  get  by  insertion  in  "  N.  & 
Q.:"- 

"The  Fifth  Report  of  the  Postmaster-General,  dated 
7th  April  last,  bears  (see  pp.  13.  and  14.),  that,  in  1858 
there  were  623  millions  of  letters  delivered  in  the  United 
Kingdom,  being  an  increase  of  19  millions  over  the  pre- 
ceding year,  and  giving  in  proportion  to  the  population 
18  letters  to  each  individual.  It  states  also  that  in  the 
seven  principal  towns  the  number  of  letters  to  each  indi- 
vidual in  proportion  to  their  respective  number  of  in- 
habitants was  as  follows :  —  Glasgow,  24 ;  Liverpool,  26 ; 
Birmingham,  28;  Manchester,  30;  Dublin,  33;  Edin- 
burgh, 34 ;  and  London,  46." 

M.C. 

Edinburgh. 

CromweWs  Remains. — In  Prestwich's  Respublica, 
p.  149.,  occurs  the  following  passage  in  relation  to 
Oliver  Cromwell :  — 

"  His  remains  were  privately  interred  in  a  small  pad- 
dock near  Holborn ;  in  that  very  spot  over  which  the 
obelisk  is  placed  in  Red  Lion  Square,  Holborn. — The  Se- 
cret! John  Prestwich." 

Now  it  is  well  known  that  the  Protector's  re- 
mains, in  consequence  of  their  rapid  decay,  were 
privately  interred  previous  to  the  magnificent 
pageant  of  his  funeral,  and  from  this  various  stories 
take  their  rise  :  such  as  that  his  body  was  thrown 
into  the  Thames,  carried  to  Naseby-field,  and 
there  buried,  or  interred  at  Windsor  in  the  grave 
of  Charles  I.,  while  the  king's  remains  were  sub- 
stituted for  his  in  Westminster  Abbey.  The  last 
has  been  clearly  disproved  by  the  disinterment  of 
Charles's  remains  at  Windsor  under  the  orders  of 
George  IV.,  and  there  can  be  little  doubt  of  the 
others  being  equally  false.  To  the  same  category 
may  be  consigned  the  above  statement,  though  it 
is  less  improbable  than  the  other  fables.  Cromwell's 


Shroud. 


t  Coffin. 


376 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<>  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '69. 


head,  in  particular,  seems  to  have  miraculously 
multiplied  after  his  death.  R.  R. 

An  Ancient  Strike.  —  In  the  Calendar  of  State 
Papers  is  the  following  entry :  — 

[1535].  "Aug.  17,  Dover.  Sir  W.  Fitzwilliams  to  Mr. 
SecJ'  Oromwell.  Refusal  of  the  workmen  to  work  except  for 
6*  a  day.  Two  of  the  ringleaders  had  beea  some  time  of 
the  Black  guard  of  the  Kings  kitchen." 

This  is  another  illustration  of  the  jocular  name 
given  to  the  lowest  menials  of  the  court. 

POLECABP  CheNEB. 


iRxxcxiti* 


8TEATFOED   FAMILT. 

In  various  notices  and  histories  of  Stratford- 
upon-Avon,  I  find  it  stated  that  there  is  only  one 
instance  of  the  Great  Seal  of  England  being  held 
by  two  brothers,  John  and  Robert  de  Stratford, 
who  were  said  to  be  natives,  and  took  their  sur- 
names from  this  place.  John  was  Lord  Treasurer 
in  the  reign  of  Edward  II.,  and  Lord  Chancellor 
in  the  reign  of  Edward  III.  Robert,  previous 
to  his  being  Chancellor,  was  Archdeacon  of  Can- 
terbury, and  was  raised  to  the  woolsack  on  the 
elevation  of  his  brother  to  the  primacy  of  all 
England,  and  afterwards  became  Bishop  of  Chi- 
chester. Lord  Campbell,  in  his  Lives  of  the 
Chancellors,  states  that  John  was  chancellor  in 
1334,  again  in  1337 ;  Robert  in  1338,  John  again 
in  1340,  and  Robert  again  in  1340. 

I  find  there  was  Ralph  de  Stratford,  Bishop  of 
London,  in  the  reign  of  Edward  III.,  who  also  was 
a  native  of  Stratford-upon-Avon.  lie  founded  a 
chantry  for  secular  priests  in  a  castle  that  he  had 
in  the  village  of  Stratford  in  Essex,  and  died  at 
Stepney  or  Bethnal  Green,  in  v;hat  is  now  an 
ancient  house,  called  the  bishop's  house,  where 
the  Bishops  of  London  then  resided.  I  have  by 
me  a  published  sermon  preached  by  a  Dr.  Nicho- 
las Stratford,  Dean  of  St.  Asaph,  preached  to  his 
parishioners  at  Manchester  in  1680,  on  his  leaving 
them. 

In  Burke's  Peerage  there  is  a  Stratford,  Earl 
of  Aldborough,  whose  ancestor  Robert  Stratford 
left  England  and  settled  in  Ireland  in  1660,  whose 
arms  are  a  barry  of  ten,  argent  and  azure,  over 
all  a  lion  rampant :  whilst  in  his  General  Ar- 
moury there  is  another  Stratford  with  the  same 
arms,  described  as  "  Stratford  of  Farnscott,  Haw- 
ling,  and  Nether-Guiting,  co.  Gloucester,  and 
Nuneaton,  co.  of  Warwick." 

Can  you  inform  me  through  the  pages  of  your 
journal  what  part  of  England  Robert  Stratford, 
the  ancestor  of  the  Earl  of  Aldborough,  was  lo- 
cated in  previous  to  his  settling  in  Ireland  ?  what 
family  he  was  of?  but  I  should  think,  from  the 
sameness  of  his  coat  of  arms,  he  is  of  the  same 
family.    Is  this  so ;  and  which  branch  P  as  there 


were,  I  believe,  Stratfords  located  at  each  of  the 
places  mentioned  in  Burke's  Armoury.  Can  you 
inform  me  when  the  arms  were  granted,  and  to 
whom  ?  Also  who  was  the  Dr.  Stratford,  Dean 
of  St.  Asaph  ?  *  What  became  of  him  when  he 
left  Manchester,  and  what  position  in  the  Church 
did  he  occupy  at  his  death  ?  Was  Ralph  de  Strat- 
ford, the  Bishop  of  London,  related  to  the  two 
chancellors?  And  whether  the  other  Stratfords 
were  of  the  same  family  as  the  chancellors  or  the 
bishop  ?  Could  you  inform  me  on  these  matters 
you  would  greatly  oblige.  Thomas  Nicholson. 
Sheffield. 


QUERIES   AS   TO   SEALS. 

When  the  Pope  issues  any  important  official 
documents,  or  writes  letters  to  dignitaries  of  t]je 
Church,  they  generally  conclude  thus :  "  Given  at 
Rome,  the  See  of  Peter,  under  the  Seal  of  the 
Fisherman."  Some  correspondent  will  perhaps 
kindly  give  a  description  of  this  seal,  of  its  device, 
legend,  and  other  particulars,  or  say  where  I  can 
see  an  engraving  or  copy  of  it. 

The  seal  of  Hedon  in  Yorkshire  has  an  antique 
and  weird-looking  vessel,  with  a  solitary  and  very 
grim-visaged  mariner  standing  at  its  prow,  for 
a  device,  the  legend  being  "  H.  Camera  Regiss. 
1598."  Is  there  any  local  tradition  relative  to  the 
origin  of  this  singular  device  and  legend  ?  I  have 
an  engraving  of  the  seal,  but  would  like  greatly 
to  possess  a  copy  of  it  on  wax  or  gutta-percha. 

1  lately  saw  in  one  of  the  Edinburgli  papers 
that  the  provost,  bailies,  and  other  magistrates  of 
the  ancient  barony  of  Broughton  had  just  been 
elected,  and  as  I  was  under  the  impression  that 
this  old  barony  had  long  since  become  incorporated 
with  the  city  of  Edinburgh,  like  the  other  burghs 
of  barony  of  the  Canongate  and  Portsburgh,  I 
would  like  much  if  some  Edinburgh  correspon- 
dent would  say  if  it  is  really  yet  in  existence,  — if 
it  has  a  corporation  seal ;  and,  if  so,  who  is  the 
keeper  of  the  latter  ?  Having  copies  of  the  seals 
of  the  now  extinct  baronies  of  the  Canongate  and 
Portsburgh  in  my  collection,  it  would  render  my 
series  of  seals  connected  with  Edinburgh  much 

[*  Nicholas  Stratford,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Ox- 
ford, B.D.  1G64,  D.D.  1673,  was  Warden  of  Manchester 
College  from  1667  to  1684 :  collated  to  the  prebend  of 
Leicester  St.  Margai-et  in  Lincoln  cathedral,  26  March, 
and  installed  7  April,  1670  ;  appointed  Dean  of  St.  Asaph, 
11  Mav,  1674;  .consecrated  Bishop  of  Chester  15  Sept. 
1689;  and  died  12  Feb.  1706-7.  An  account  of  his  other 
preferments  is  given  in  the  inscription  on  his  monument, 
printed  in  Willis's  Cathedrals,  and  in  Bp.  Nicolson's  Let- 
ters, i.  170.  Mr.  Crossley  has  a  note  respecting  him  in 
Worthington's  Diary,  ii.  243.,  which  states  that  "Bishop 
Stratford's  publications  manifest  his  learning,  ability,  and 
zeal,  and  the  common  consent  of  his  contemporaries  bears 
witness  to  his  charity  and  benevolence,  his  humility  and 
devotion." — Ed.] 


2»«»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


377 


more  complete  if  I  had  an  impression  of  the 
Broughton  seal,  should  this  barony  be  actually 
yet  in  existence,  and  possess  one.  Aliqcxs.. 


Mrs.  Myddelton.  —  Mr.  Steinman  being  about 
to  print  his  memoir  of  Mrs.  Myddelton,  would  feel 
greatly  obliged  by  any  reader  of  "N.  &  Q."  in- 
forming him  where  original  portraits  of  the  lady 
are  to  be  found,  besides  those  at  Hampton  Court 
and  Althorpe.  He  also  wishes  for  a  description  of 
the  engraved  portrait  of  her  by  Gascar  mentioned 
by  Bromley. 

Priory  Lodge,  Peckham. 

Cashel  Progresses.  —  In  looking  over  the  old 
Chapter  Book  of  Cashel  lately  I  found  the  Sub- 
dean,  who  was  also  economist  in  the  year  1686, 
took  credit  for  the  following  sums :  — 

"To  my  selfe  05/.  IGs.  8c?.,  pay'd  by  me  to  the  ofiicers 
that  attended  the  state  in  a  progresse  made  Ano  1678. 

£05.  IG.  8. 

"To  the  Lord  ArchBpp.  in  full  payment  of  what  he 
pay'd  the  officers  aforesaid  £10.  00.  0." 

Will  you  or  any  of  your  readers  be  kind  enough 
to  say  what  or  whose  progress  this  alludes  to? 
Also  if  it  was  customary  to  have  demands  of  this 
kind  made  ? 

John  Davis  White,  Chapter  Clerk. 

Cashel. 

The  unhuried  Ambassadors. — An  old  inhabit- 
ant tells  me  that  some  fifty  years  ago  or  more 
there  were  two  large  coffins,  richly  ornamented, 
lying  on  the  pavement  in  one  of  the  chapels  on 
the  south-east  side  of  the  choir  of  Westminster 
Abbey,  and  that  these  were  said  to  contain  the 
bodies  of  two  foreign  ambassadors,  who  were  re- 
fused burial  on  account  of  some  legal  process.  Is 
it  known  who  they  were,  or  what  has  become  of 
them  ?  A.  A. 

Poets"  Corner. 

"  The  Golden  Bough."  —  I  have  in  my  posses- 
sion a  small  engraving  or  etching,  said  to  be  by 
Turner,  of  "  The  Golden  Bough."  The  picture 
itself  illustrates  a  valley,  over  which  lie  the  re- 
mains of  noble  buildings,  the  ruins  of  splendid 
and  magnificent  porches.  Fairy  forms  are  re- 
presented, some  dancing,  some  reclining,  and 
one  holding  up  a  bough.  A  few  trees  also, 
sketched  with  all  that  truth  to  nature  the  painter 
so  aptly  learnt,  completes  the  foreground.  In 
the  background  is  an  almost  semicircular  stream, 
on  the  banks  of  which  are  the  ruins  of  a  fine 
castle.  Surrounding  this  stream  and  ruin  is 
beautiful  verdure  and  rich  woodland  ;  while  the 
stream  itself  reflects  the  white  clouds  which  skim 
across  the  sky. 


I  am  not  quite  certain  as  to  whether  I  have 
caught  the  right  interpretation  thereof.  Will  any 
of  your  numerous  readers  render  to  me  the  mean- 
ing of  this  picture-poem,  for  so  I  conceive  it  to 
be  ?  Your  kindness  in  opening  your  columns  for 
all  inquiries  relative  to  science  and  the  fine  arts 
has  emboldened  me  to  send  this  inquiry. 

Joseph  Kaines. 

Islington. 

"  The  Wasp." — In  musical  literature  I  often 
find  songs  with  the  name  of  the  composer  of  the 
melody,  but  without  any  mention  of  the  author  of 
the  words.  In  a  music  book  in  my  possession  is 
a  canzonet,  which  a  relation  of  mine  heard  Bartle- 
man  sing  nearly  half  a  century  ago,  the  author  of 
which  perhaps  some  of  your  correspondents  may 
be  able  to  communicate.  It  is  set  by  Spofibrth, 
and  is  called 

"the  wasf. 
'•  Why  shun  the  wasp  that  round  thee  flies? 
The  harmless  insect  nierelj'^  seeks,     • 
Lady,  to  bask  beneath  thine- eyes, — 
To  taste  the  roses  on  thj  cheeks. 
"  Attracted  by  thy  fragrant  breath, 
It  only  comes  its  sweets  to  sip  ;  — 
And,  tlio'  perhaps  to  meet  its  death, 
To  drink  the  dew  upon  thy  lip. 
"  And  on  that  lip,  —  ah  trifling  pain !  —    ' 
Should  it  to  leave  its  weapon  dare, 
The  useful  sting  would  still  remain 
To  punish  rash  intruders  there." 

"  The  Bee"  would,  to  my  thinking,  have  been 
more  elegant  than  "the  Wasp:"  but  I  presume 
the  author  would  tell  me  the  song  was  "  founded 
on  fact."  Eliza. 

Papier  Moure.  —  What  is  the  effective  ingre- 
dient in  the  article  sold  as  papier  moure  ?  The 
first  sheet  of  a  new  parcel  is  generally  attractive, 
and  always  fatal  to  flies ;  the  remainder  is  gene- 
rally quite  worthless.  I  infer  that  it  must  be 
something  very  volatile,  and  what  it  is  would  be 
worth  knowing.  Tophana. 

Kentish  Lougtails.  —  Can  j'ou  or  any  of  your 
correspondents  inform  me  whether  the  old  story 
of  "  wearing  tails"  applies  to  the  "Kentish  Men" 
or  the  "Men  of  Kent,"  and  where  it  is  to  be 
found  ? 

By  the  old  Frank  law,  and  some  others,  it  was  a 
crime  visited  with  severe  punishment  to  accuse  a 
man  wrongfully  of  "  wearing  a  tail,"  being  cauda- 
tus  or  a  cmvard ;  or  a  woman  of  being  a  stria,  a 
sort  of  vampire,  probably  because  if  the  accusa- 
*tion  were  just  it  would  subject  the  accused  to  a 
painful  death.  Folkestone. 

Purliess  or  Purkis  Family.  —  Whilst  staying 
lately  in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  New  Forest, 
I  heard  a  strange  account  of  the  family  of  Purkis. 
Many  of  your  readers  are  aware  that  it  was  a 
man  of  this  name,  a  charcoal  burner  of  the  parish 


378 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  YIII.  Nov.  6.  '69. 


of  Minstead,  who  found  the  body  of  King  William 
II.  on  Aug.  2,  1100,  and  conveyed  it  in  his  cart 
to  Winchester.  I  am  told  that  the  representa- 
tives of  this  man  still  occupy  the  same  ground  as 
their  historical  ancestors,  and  what  is  moi'e  ex- 
traordinary have  preserved  the  same  station  of 
life,  neither  advancing  in  circumstances,  nor  laps- 
ing into  absolute  poverty,  during  the  seven  cen- 
turies and  a  half  which  have  elapsed  since  first  we 
hear  of  them. 

This  account,  I  believe,  is  thoroughly  credited  in 
the  New  Forest  district ;  but  with  an  unbounded 
respect  for  the  truth  of  tradition,  I  should  be 
glad  to  learn  if  the  matter  is  well  known,  has 
been  thoroughly  investigated,  or  satisfactorily 
proved.  K. 

Welsh  Judges,  —  It  is  well  known  that  the 
administration  of  justice  in  the  Principality  was 
not  until  comparatively  lately  under  the  same  re- 
gimen as  in  England.  There  were  four  Welsh 
judges,  each  with  his  attorney-general.  Can  you 
or  any  of  your  correspondents  furnish  me  with  a 
list  of  these  judges  and  attorneys  ?     Ymovyntdd. 

Col,  Johnes  of  Havod.  —  The  Annual  Biography 
for  1817  contains  a  sketch  of  the  life  of  this  gen- 
tleman, in  which  a  very  long  and  elaborate  pedi- 
gree is  given,  but  his  immediate  forefathers  are 
omitted.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  supply 
this  deficiency  ?  Ymovtnydd. 

Dycsons  and  Dixons  of'Furness  Fells,  Lanca- 
shire.—  I  have  collected  many  waifs  and  strays 
of  the  above  border-family,  but  much  is  still  want- 
ing to  enable  me  to  write  a  continuous  memoir. 
When  did  these  descendants  of  the  Keiths  and 
Douglases  of  old  first  settle  in  Furness,  formerly 
a  boundary  between  Scotland  and  England  ? 
When,  and  under  what  circumstances,  were  their 
arms,  a  Jleur-de-lis  and  chief  ermine,  acquired, 
which  are  first  recorded  on  the  tomb  of  Sir  Nicho- 
las Dixon,  who,  dying  in  1448  rector  of  Cheshunt 
in  CO.  Herts,  was  buried  in  its  chancel  ?  I  learn 
that  William  Dycson,  George  Sandys,  and  another 
William  Dicson,  were,  in  1525,  tenants  of  Furness 
Abbey,  and,  as  such,  subscribing  witnesses  to  a 
deed  of  indenture.  In  1548,  William  Dixon  and 
Miles  Dixon,  sons  of  John  Dixon  by  Anne  Roos 
(descended  from  Eobt.  Lord  Roos  and  the  Prin- 
cess Isabel  of  Scotland),  were  supervisors  under 
the  will  (dated  1548)  of  William,  father  of  Arch- 
bishop Sandys,  who  married  their  sister  Margaret. 
In  1570,  Richard  Dixon,  D.D.,  became  Bishop  of 
Cork  and  Cloyne,  and  William  Dixon,  circa  1564, 
became  possessed  of  an  estate  in  the  W.  R.  of  co. 
York,  called  Heaton-Royds ;  these  are  supposed 
to  have  been  sons  of  William  and  Miles  Dixon, 
and  first  cousins  to  Archbishop  Sandys,  but  this 
requires  confirmation,  though  they  were  un- 
doubtedly of  kin.     Not  wishing  to  trespass  too 


much  on  the  forbearance  of  the  Editor,  I  will 
merely  add  that  I  shall  be  much  obliged  for  any 
direct  information,  or  references  to  easily-acces- 
sible authorities,  likely  to  elucidate  the  border 
annals  of  the  above  ancient  race.  R.  W.  Dixon. 
Seaton-Carew,  co.  Durham. 

Irish  Pedigrees  missing.  —  In  Moule's  Bihlio- 
theca  Heraldica,  head  Ireland,  p.  609.,  referring 
to  four  Visitation  Books  taken  by  Narbonne  and 
Molyneux  (Ulster  Kings),  it  is  said: — 

1.  "  Many  books  are  also  said  to  have  been  carried  off 
by  the  person  holding  the  office  of  Athlone  Pursuivant, 
who  fled  to  France  with  James  II." 

Is  there  any  trace  of  those  books  ?  Again, 
(p.  612.),  it  is  said  :  — 

2.  "  In  the  library  of  Sir  Thomas  Phillipps  are  genealo- 
gies of  Irish  families,  &c.,  late  Sir  Isaac  Heard's  (Garter). 
The  2nd  volume  is  lost,  containing  D  to  L  and  S." 

Is  there  any  trace  of  that  book  ?       Nash,  Jun. 

Henry  Lord  Power.  —  In  the  earliest  extant 
parish  register  of  Donnybrook,  in  the  county  of 
Dublin,  the  following  entry  occurs,  p.  53. :  — 

"  Buried,  Henry  Lord  Power,  in  y*  vault  of  St.  Mathew's 
Chappel  [Ringsend,  in  the  parish  of  Donnybrook],  May 
6th,  1742." 

Who  was  Henry  Lord  Power  ?  I  wish,  for  a 
particular  purpose,  to  find  him  out,  but  I  have 
not  as  yet  been  able.  Archdall,  in  his  edition  of 
Lodge's  Peerage  of  Ireland,  throvis  no  light  upon 
the  matter;  referring  only  to  Sir  Henry  Power, 
Viscount  Valentia,  who  died  exactly  a  century 
before  Lord  Power  (vol.  v.  p.  20.).  Abhba. 

Aid-de-Camp  to  the  Lord  Primate,  and  to  the 
Lord  Chancellor. — 

"Died  1st  of  May,  1749,  Capt.  Richard  Downes  of  Bol- 
ton Street,  aged  45,  a  near  relative  and  aid-de-camp  to 
the  late  Lord  Primate. 

"  14th  Oct.  1746,  the  Hon.  Folliott  Ponsonby,  brother 
to  the  Earl  of  Besborough,  Captain  in  General  Went- 
worth's  Horse,  and  aid-de-camp  to  the  Lord  Chancellor." 
—  Exshaio's  Magazine. 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  give  some  ac- 
count of  these  two  offices,  singular  as  they  now 
appear  to  be  ?  Y.'  S.  M. 

Peel  Towers.  —  The  small  square  towers  which 
are  numerous  in  the  Border  Counties  are  called 
Peel  Towers.  I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  deri- 
vation and  meaning  of  the  name.  E.  A.  B. 

John  Pope,  Gentleman.  —  By  Letters  Patent 
dated  Octobers,  37  Henry  VIII.,  the  king  granted 
to  John  Pope,  Gentleman,  for  1393/.  the  manor  of 
Abberbury  in  the  county  of  Oxford,  with  divers 
other  lands  and  tenements  in  several  counties. 

I  wish  to  know  who  this  John  Pope  was,  and 
when  he  died  ;  and  if  any  of  your  correspondents 
can  favour  me  with  a  reference  to  his  will  I  should 
be  obliged.  Geo.  R.  Corneb. 


2°d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '69.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


379 


William  Andrew  Price.  —  ]\Ir.  Price  is  supposed 
to  have  gone  out  to  India  as  Writer  under  the 
Lord  Clive  in  1741  ;  he  was  afterwards  consul  at 
Bombay,  then  governor  of  Surat.  In  this  capacity 
he  died  March  11,  1774.  He  is  supposed  to  be  of 
the  Prices  near  Ludlow  in  the  county  of  Salop  or 
Leominster.  Any  particulars  of  his  parentage 
and  family  connexions  would  much  oblige. 

J.  F.  C. 

Longevity.  —  The  following  is  another  curious 
case  of  longevity  of  our  own  day,  if  you  think  it 
worthy  of  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q. : "  — 

"  Betty  Roberts,  now  living  in  L'pool,  was  born  in 
Northop,  Flintshire,  in  June,  1749,  or  the  22nd  j'earof  the 
reign  of  George  II.,  and  has  thus  attained  110  years  of 
age,  and  from  present  appearances  may  yet  survive  seve- 
ral years. 

"Her  frame,  though  shrunken  and  withered,  is  still 
erect,  and  her  gait  steady,  and  she  boasts  being  equal  to 
three  miles  an  hour  with  the  aid  of  a  stick.  Her  hearing 
and  eyesight  are  good.  She  has  been  married,  but  has 
survived  her  husband  36  years.  Two  of  her  four  children 
are  living  at  69  and  80  years  of  age.  She  attributes  her 
great  length  of  life  chiefly  to  simple  habits,  and  states  to 
have  never  ,used  intoxicating  liquors.  She  is  certainly 
quite  a  prodig}'." 

Can  any  correspondent  of"  N.  &.  Q."  verify  by 
parish  registers  the  dates  of  Betty  Roberts'  birth, 
or  those  of  her  children  ?  C.  H.  S. 

Altar-tomb  used  as  a  Communion  Table.  —  At 
Paston,  Norfolk,  a  large  marble  raised  tomb  of 
the  sixteenth  century  occupies  the  situation  of 
and  is  used  as  a  communion  table.  The  cornice 
at  one  end  has  been  cut  away,  apparently  to  make 
it  fit  into  the  central  compartments  of  a  modern 
stone  reredos.  I  know  that  before  the  lieforma- 
tion  altar-tombs  were  sometimes  consecrated  and 
used  as  altars,  but  this  is  the  only  instance  1  have 
met  with  of  a  similar  adaptation  in  more  recent 
times.  ExTBANEUS. 

An  Etymological  Query.  —  Between  Blackheath 
Hill  and  Royal  Hill,  Greenwich,  is  written  up  as 
the  name  of  the  place,  Maidenston  Hill,  In  my 
boyhood,  when  a  telegraph  stood  on  the  point, 
I  understood  it  was  called  Madeston  Hill,  and 
have  often  seen  it  so  written  and  spelt.  Will  any 
of  your  topographical  and  etymological  read^i-s 
set  me  right  on  this  point  ?  J.  E. 

One  Human  Speech  only  before  the  Flood  with- 
out  Error.  —  Sir  Thomas  Browne,  in  his  Vulgar 
Errors  (lib.  i.  c.  2 ),  says  "  There  is  but  one 
speech  delivered  before  the  flood  by  man,  wherein 
there  is  not  an  erroneous  conception." 

Dr.  John  Edwards,  in  his  sermon  (p.  5.)  on 
Pilate's  question,  "What  is  truth?"  asks  "Doth 
not  error  bear  date  from  Adam?"  and  admits  that 
he  has  not  examined  whether  this  assertion  of  that 
eminent  christian  moralist  were  true  ;  but  that  it 
is  certain  that  mistake  and  falsehood  entered  the 
world  betimes. 


May  not  this  proposition  of  the  author  of  Beli- 
gio  Medici  refer  to  the  metrical  speech  of  La- 
mech  on  the  birth  of  his  son  *  Noah  (Gen.  v.  29.), 
which  Dr.  Pye  Smith  has  rendered  both  faithfully 
and  poetically.  The  sacred  historian  relates  that 
"He  called  his  name  No-ah,"  saying 
"  This  shall  comfort  us 

From  our  labour 

And  from  the  sorrowing  toils  of  our  hands ; 

Because  of  the  ground 

Which  Jehovah  hath  cursed." 

It  is  also  exactly  prophetic  of  Noah  the  deli- 
verer. James  Elmes. 

Madeston  Hill,  Blackheath. 

Henry  Fletcher,  of  Clare  Hall,  B.A.  1569-70 ; 
M.A.  1573;  B.D.  1580;  appears  to  have  been  the 
author  of  commendatory  verses  prefixed  to  Row- 
land Vaughan  on  Waterworkes,  1610.  We  shall 
be  glad  of  information  respecting  him. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopee. 

Cambridge. 

Shakspeare's  Cliff.  —  From  Stanford's  Guide  to 
the  Coast  of  Kent  I  learn  that  "  on  Buck's  map, 
1739,  Shakespeare's  Cliff  appears  as  Arch-Cliff." 
This,  I  suppose,  was  simply  an  error  in  the  map  ; 
but  how  far  back  can  the  well-known  name  the 
height  now  bears  be  traced  as  applied  to  it  in 
lieu  of  Hay  Cliff,  once  its  name  ? 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Worhs  on  Legerdemain. — I  have  a  book  entitled 
Hocus  Pocus,  or  the  Whole  Art  of  Legerdemain  in 
Perfection.  .  .  .  Written  by  H.  Dean.  The  10th 
edition,  with  large  Additions  and  Amendments. 
Glasgow.  1783,  18mo.  pp.  108.  In  his  preface, 
Henry  Dean,  the  author,  refers  to  his  "fofmer 
book  of  Legerdemain."  I  am  desirous  of  knowing 
whether  this  refers  to  a  different  work  or  to  a 
former  edition  of  the  same  work.  Perhaps  some 
of  your  correspondents  who  have  the  first  edition 
(1622)  will  be  kind  enough  to  inform  me  whether 
the  above  reference  is  found  in  that  edition.  Is 
anything  known  of  the  author  except  what  we 
learn  from  his  book,  that  he  kept,  "  near  the 
watch-tower  on  Little  Tower-hill,  Postern-row,  a 
bookseller's  shop  ?"  What  earlier  works  on  leger- 
demain were  published  ?  Metacom. 

Roxbury,  U.  S. 

Robert^  Fenn,  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge, 
B.A.  1600-1  ;  M.A.  as  a  member  of  King's  Col- 
lege, 1605  ;  is  author  of  verses  to  George  Fletcher, 
prefixed  to  his  Nine  English  Worthies,  1606.  Was 
he  the  Sir  Robert  Fenne,  Knt.,  who  was  created 
LL.D.  at  Oxford  10th  July,  1644. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopee. 

John  Heath,  of  Middlesex,  admitted  pensioner 
of  Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  16th  June,  1645  ; 

•  Plj  No-ab,  rest,  comfort,  consolation. 


380 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '59. 


B.A.  1648-9;  was  admitted  Fellow  of  St.  John's 
College,  by  command  of  the  Visitors,  2nd  April, 
1650,  and  commenced  M.A.,  1652.  He  has  com- 
mendatory verses  prefixed  to  Gayton's  Art  of 
Lojigeviti/,  1659.  Is  he  identical  with  Sir  John 
Heath,  Knt.,  who,  in  1670,  was  patron  of  the 
vicarage  of  Horninghold,  Leicestershire  ? 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 
Cambridge. 

Nelsoris  Car. — What  has  become  of  the  funeral 
car  of  Nelson  ?  When  I  was  a  youth  it  used  to 
stand  at  the  upper  end  of  the  Painted  Hall, 
Greenwich.  Delta. 

Campbeltoii,  Argyleshire. — Is  there  any  engraving 
extant  of  the  ancient  and  very  perfect  cross,  now 
standing  in  the  market-place  of  Campbelton,  and 
said  to  have  been  brought  there  from  lona  ?  I 
could  not  ascertain  this  fact  on  the  spot,  nor  could 
I  meet  with  any  published  record  of  it. 

When  Burns'  "Highland  Mary"  died  at  Green- 
ock, she  was  returning  to  Coilsfield  from  Camp- 
belton, whither  she  had  been  to  announce  her 
approaching  marriage  to  her  parents.  Was  she 
bor7i  at  Campbelton  ?  and  if  so,  is  it  known  when 
and  where  ?  Cuthbekt  Bede. 

Ives  of  Oxford.  —  Where  can  I  find  the  pedi- 
gree or  crest  of  the  family  of  Ives  of  Oxford  ? 
In  an  old  paper  of  1758,  a  person  is  described  as 
"William  Ives,  Esq.,  one  of  the  Aldermen  of  the 
City  of  Oxford."  And  I  have  been  informed  that 
the  family  of  Ives  were  landed-proprietors  to  a 
considerable  extent  in  Oxfordshire,  especially 
about  Great  Milton.  Kya  Rubber. 

Philip  Kynder,  born  1 597,  was  of  Pembroke  Hall, 
B.A.  1615-6.  He  practised  physic,  and  resided 
in  Derbyshire,  and  at  Leicester  and  Nottingham. 
We  find  him  living  at  the  latter  town  in  August, 
1665.  He  was  the  friend  of  Selden  and  Charles 
Cotton;  and,  in  1656,  published  a  book  called 
The  Surfeit.  We  shall  be  obliged  if  any  of  your 
correspondents  can  furnish  the  date  of  his  decease. 
We  have  references  respecting  him  to  Lysons' 
Derbyshire,  iv.  v.  clxxxix.  1. ;  Cough's  Topo- 
p-aphy,  i.  289.;  Bibl.  Avgl.-Poet,  199.;  Black's 
Cat.  of  Ashm.  MSS.;  and  Wood's  Fasti  (ed. 
Bliss),  i.  162.  Any  farther  informati9n  will  be 
acceptable.  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

CambridKe. 


Fuller  and  the  Ferrars.  —  It  is  a  singular  cir- 
cumstance, and  deserving  investigation,  that  the 
"  Short  Histories  drawn  up  by  Mr.  Ferrar,  and 
adapted  to  the  purpose  of  moral  instruction," 
among  the  recluses  of  Little  Gidding,  of  which  a 
^ist  is  given  in  Dr.  Peckard's  MewoiVs  of  Nicholas 


Ferrar,  perfectly  corresponds  with  the  titles  of 
the  chapters  and  the  list  of  instances  adduced  in 
Fuller's  Holy  State,  SfC.  Nor  is  there  in  that 
work  but  one  character  [that  bearing  the  title  of 
"  the  Traitour  "]  which  is  not  in  Peckard's  list. 
The  date  of  the  Holy  State,  the  whole  credit  of 
which,  though  somewhat  covertly  too,  is  assumed 
to  himself  in  Fuller's  address  "to  the  Reader,"  is 
1648,  and  yet  John  Ferrar  was  then  alive.  Com- 
pare The  Holy  and  Profane  State  with  Peckard's 
Life  of  Ferrar,  in  vol.  v.  p.  168.  of  Wordsworth's 
Ecclesiastical  Biography.  The  identity  of  "  the 
series  of  histories"  is  noted  in  vol.  vii.  p.  554. 
of  the  Beauties  of  England  and  Wales,  article 
"  Huntingdonshire,"  where  a  notice  of  the  Fer- 
rars is  given.  Any  explanation  of  this  coincidence 
will  oblige  Y.  B.  N.  J. 

[A  similar  Query  respecting  the  authorsbip  of  these 
"  Short  Histories"  appeared  in  our  1"  S.  ii.  119.,  which 
failed  to  elicit  a  repl.v.  After  an  examination  of  the 
biograpliies  of  Nicholas  Ferrar,  we  can  find  nothing  that 
would  lead  us  to  deprive  Dr.  Fuller  of  their  authorship. 
The  first  edition  of  his  Holy  and  Profane  State  was  pub- 
lished at  Cambridge  in  1642.  In  the  Prefiicg  Fuller  in- 
forms us,  that  "  the  characters  I  have  conformed  to  the 
then  standing  laws  of  the  realm  (a  twelvemonth  ago  were 
they  sent  to  the  press),  since  which  time  the  wisdom  of  the 
king  and  state  hath  altered  many  things."  It  is  not  cer- 
tain that  the  MS.  copy  of  these  "  Short  Histories"  found 
at  Little  Gidding  was  in  the  handwriting  of  Nicholas 
Ferrar.  Dr.  Peckard  says,  "  These  Lives,  Characters, 
and  Moral  Essays  would,  I  think,' fill  two  or  three  volumes 
in  octavo,  but  they  are  written  in  so  minute  a  character 
that  I  cannot  form  any  conjecture  to  be  depended  upon." 
{Life  of  3Ir.  Nicholas  Ferrar,  1790,  p.  194.)  We  find 
Dr.  Wordsworth  has  added  the  following  note  to  this 
passage;  "The  probabilit.v  is,  that  the  greater  part,  if 
not  the  whole,  of  this  Catalogue  [of  Short  Histories] 
were  not  original,  but  extracts;  as  Dr.  Peckard  would 
have  been  able  to  satisfy  himself  by  consulting  Fuller's 
JIoli/  State,  where  many  of  the  titles  of  the  chapters  ex- 
actly correspond  with  those  in  this  Catalogue."  {Eccles. 
Biog.  iv.  193.  edit.  1853.)  Nicholas  Ferrar  died  Dec.  2, 
1637 ;  Fuller's  work,  as  stated,  was  published  in  1642 ; 
and  the  establishment  at  Little  Gidding  was  not  destroyed 
by  the  Puritans  till  1648;  so  that  it  is  probable  that  the 
MS.  possessed  by  Dr.  Peckard  was  a  transcript  by  one  of 
the  family  made  after  the  death  of  its  pious  founder. 
Another  MS.  of  these  "  Short  Histories,"  formerly  be- 
longing to  the  Gidding  establishment,  has  since  been  dis- 
covered, as  we  learn  from  The  Two  Lives  of  Nicholas 
Ferrar,  edited  by  the  Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor,  M.A.  1855: 
"  Some  five  and  "twenty  years  ago  an  old  house  in  Mid- 
gate  Street,  Peterborough,  was  pulled  down :  the  work- 
men, knowing  Mr.  Buckle  to  be  '  a  curious  gentleman,' 
brought  him  some  papers,  which  they  had  found  in  a 
recess  in  the  wall;  these  turned  out  to  be  the  Collett 
letters,  together  with  a  transcript  (in  a  difl'erent  hand) 
of  Fuller's  Holy  and  Profane  State,  of  which  Peckard  had 
a  copy." — Appendi.v,  p.  292.] 

Hammer- cloth.  —  I  do  not  think  any  of  our 
lexicographers  have  given  us  the  true  origin  of 
the  word  hammer-cloth.  The  name,  I  should 
say,  is  a  corruption  of  armour-cloth,  because,  in 
former  times,  and  not  unfrequently  now,  the  cloth 
in  question  has  affixed  to  it,  or  woven  into  it,  the 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  'j?.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


381 


armorial  bearings  of  the  family  to  which  it  be- 
longs. If  I  am  wrong,  I  shall  be  happy  to  be 
corrected  by  your  more  learned  correspondents, 
who,  by  doing  so,  will  oblige  Edmund  Hepple. 
131ackheddon  House,  Newcastle-oii-T\'ne. 

[By  the  following  extract  from  a  recent  number  of 
The  City  Press,  our  correspondent  will  perceive  that  some 
discussion  has  already  arisen  as  to  the  derivation  of 
Hammer-cloth ;  — 

"  Hamjiek-cloth. — In  one  of  the  descriptions  of  the 
procession  of  the  sheriffs,  the  word  '  hammock-cloth  '  is 
used  in  the  description  of  the  appendage  to  the  coach- 
man's seat.  I  noticed  that,  in  your  report,  it  was  de- 
scribed as  a  '  hammer-clotli.'  Which  is  right?;  On 
referring  to  my  coachmaker's  bill,  I  find  he  enters  it  as  a 
'  hammock-cloth,'  which,  if  terms  in  trade  usage  are  of 
any  value,  makes  your  phrase  wrong.  Nevertheless,  I 
think  j'ou  are  right;  for  is  it  not  used  to  conceal  the 
hammer  and  other  tools,  no  longer  required,  which,  in  a 
former  state  of  the  roads,  were  so  often  in  requisition 
upon  a  journey  ?    C.  C." 

Dr.  Pegge's  explanation  of  the  term  (Anont/miana, 
p.  181.)  is  given  in  some  of  our  dictionaries,  viz.,  that 
"  Tiie  hammer-cloth  is  an  ornamental  covering  for  a 
coach-box:  the  coachman  formerly  used  to  carry  a 
hammer,  pincers,  a  few  nails,  &c.,  in  a  leather  pouch 
hanging  to  his  box,  and  this  cloth  was  devised  for  the 
hiding  or  concealing  of  them  from  public  view."  There 
is,  however,  another  derivation  which  we  are  disposed 
to  view  witii  some  degree  of  favour.  The  term  "  hamper" 
formerly  signified  a  box,  and  therefore  may  have  been 
applied  to  a  coach-box,  which  we  conceive  to  have  been 
properly  a  bo7ia  fide  box,  a  box  to  hold  various  articles 
useful  in  travelling  by  coach.  In  this  view  of  the  subject, 
a  "  hammer-cloth  "  may  have  been  originally  a  "hamper- 
cloth,"  i.  e.  a  box-cloth,  a  cloth  to  cover  the  coach-box :  as 
we  still  saj',  a  box  coat — a  coat  worn  bj'  a  coachman  when 
seated  on  the  box.    See  Getit.  Mag.  1795,  p.  1091.] 

Fishwich. — In  the  Kirk  Sessions  Records  of  the 
parish  of  Hutton,  published  in  the  last  Number- 
of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  find  the  following :  "  To  Mar- 
garet Wilson  in  Fishwick  for  teaching  a  poor 
schollar,  &c.  &c."  Where  is  this  Fishwick  ?  is  it 
a  town,  a  village,  or  a  township  ?  H.  F. 

[Fishwick  was  formerly  a  distinct  parish,  but  in  1C14 
was  united  to  Hutton,  'which  lies  to  the  north  of  it. 
Fishwick  is  situated  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Tweed,  and 
the  ruins  of  the  church  j'et  remain.  It  probablj'  derives 
its  name  from  having  been  a  fishing  village.  —  Statistical 
Account  of  Scotland,  ii.  151.,  "  Berwickshire."] 

Scavengers  DaugMer.  —  What  is  the  origin  of 
the  term  "  Scavenger's  Daughter,"  as  applied  to 
an  instrument  of  torture  ?  Is  the  term  used  by 
any  early  writer  ?  if  so,  by  whom  ?  H.  J.  D. 

[In  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  Sir  William  Skevington, 
a  lieutenant  of  the  Tower,  immortalised  himself  by  the 
invention  of  a  new  engine  of  torture,  called  Skevington's 
Irons,  or  Skevington's  Daughters,  which  was  known  and 
dreaded  for  a  century  afterwards  under  the  corrupted 
name  of  the  Scavenger's' Daughter.  By  the  Commons' 
Journal  (14th  May,  1604)  it  appears  that  at  that  time  a 
committee  was  appointed  by  the  House  of  Commons  to 
inquire  as  to  the  state  of  a  dungeon  called  "  Little  Ease" 
in  the  Tower.  The  Committee  reported  that  "  they  found 
in  Little  Ease  in  the  Tower  an  engine  of  torture,  devised 
by  Mr.  Skevington,  some  time  lieutenant  of  the  Tower, 


called  Skevington's  Daughters ;  and  that  the  place  itself 
was  veiy  loathsome  and  unclean,  and  not  used  for  a  long 
time  either  for  a  prison  or  other  cleanly  purpose."  This 
instrument  appears  to  have  rolled  and  contracted  the 
body  into  a  ball  until  the  head  and  feet  met  together, 
and  forced  the  blood  to  ooze  from  the  extremities  of  the 
hands  and  feet,  and  frequently  from  the  nostrils  and 
mouth.  See  a  description  of  it  in  Tanner,  Societas  Eu- 
roptva,  p.  18.,  quoted  in  Jardine's  Reading  on  the  Use  of 
Torture  in  the  Criminal  Law  of  England,  1837,  p.  16.] 

John  Baptist  Jaclison.  —  I  should  feel  greatly 
obliged  if  any  of  your  correspondents  could  give 
me  information  respecting  a  work  with  the  title 
annexed : — 

"  Titiani  Vecelii,  Pauli  Caliarii,  et  Jacobi  de  Ponte, 
Opera  selectiora,  a  Joanne  Baptista  Jackson  Anglo,  Signo 
Ccelata  et  Coloribus  adumbrata.  Venitiis,  apud  J.  Bap- 
tistam  Pasquali,  1745." 

R.  W.  B. 

[This  is  the  principal  work  of  John  Baptist  Jackson, 
of  Battersea,  an  English  engraver  on  wood.  Early  in 
life  he  went  to  Paris,  and  worked  some  time  for  Papillon, 
but  not  meeting  with  much  encouragement,  he  went  to 
Venice,  where  he  executed  several  wooden  cuts  in  imita- 
tion of  the  drawings  of  the  great  masters  with  consider- 
able success.  He  also  engraved  several  book  ornaments 
and  vignettes.  Among  his  single  prints  is  a  Descent 
from  the  Cross,  after  Rembrandt,  executed  in  a  very 
spirited  style ;  but  his  celebrated  work  is  the  one  noticed 
by  our  coiTespondenf,  comprising  a  set  of  seventeen  large 
cuts-  in  chiar-oscuro,  and  published  at  Venice  in  1745. 
Consult  for  some  notices  of  this  work  An  Essay  on  the 
Invention  of  Engraving  and  Printing  in  Cliiara-  Osctiro,  as 
practised  by  Albert  Durer,  Hugo  di  Carpi,  &c.,  and 
the  application  of  it  to  the  making  paper  hangings  of 
taste,  decoration,  and  elegance,  by  Mr.  Jackson  of  Bat- 
tersea, illustrated  with  Prints  in  proper  Colours.  4to. 
1754.] 

"  An  Help  vnto  Deuocion."  —  Can  any  of  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  me  who  was  the 
author  of  a  small  book  so  named  ?  And  whether 
it  was  ever  authorised  by  the  Church  as  a  manual 
of  private  devotion  ?  My  copy  wants  the  title- 
page,  consequently  I  cannot  tell  when  it  was  pub- 
lished ;  but  from  a  prayer  for  the  King  Charles, 
and  also  for  the  Prince  Charles,  it  must  have 
been  during  the  reign  of  Charles  I.  My  copy  is 
printed  in  what  I  presume  is  old  English  cha- 
racter, all  except  the  running-title  at  the  head  of 
the  page.  Is  this  style  of  printing  common  in 
books  of  that  period  ?  D. 

[Our  correspondent  seems  to  possess  an  imperfect  copy 
of  A  Hdpe  vnto  Deuotion,  by  Samuel  Hieron,  Vicar  of 
Modbury  in  Devonshire,  who  died  in  1G17.  This  work 
was  favourably  received,  for  we  have  before  us  the  thir- 
teenth edition,  1620,  and  the  eighteenth  edition,  1637. 
Although  the  author  adhered  to  the  Church  of  England, 
he  inclined  to  Puritan  principles^  so  that  it  is  not  likely, 
during  the  reigns  of  James  I.  and  Charles  I.,  that  his 
work  would  be  "  authorised  by  the  Church."  Works 
printed  in  black-letter  were  not  uncommon  at  this  pe- 
riod.] 

Ste  Ampoule.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
tell  me  what  is  become  of  the  Ste  Ampoule  so 
long  kept  at  Rheims  ?     Was  it  lost  or  destroyed 


382 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'!  S.  VIII.  Nov.  6.  '69. 


in  the  Revolution  ?     Is  it  supposed  now  to  exist  ? 
Was  it  used  at  the  coronation  of  Charles  X.  ? 

R.  Z. 

[The  Ste  Ampoule,  saj'S  the  Eneycio.  Catholique,  was 
impiously  broken  to  pieces  by  Ruhl,  a  member  of  the 
National  Convention,  in  1794.  Certain  inhabitants  of 
Rheims,  however,  collected  the  fragments,  and  ulti- 
mately restored  them  to  their  place  in  the  cathedral. 
There  is  a  tradition  that  the  holy  vessel,  shattered  in 
1794,  was,  in  1825,  found  miraculously  whole.  However 
that  may  be,  as  the  holy  chrism  had  become  congealed 
by  age  previous  to  the  fracture  of  the  vessel  containing 
it,  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  with  the  fragments  a 
portion  of  it,  at  least,  was  preserved ;  and  on  that  sup- 
position one  can  hardly  hesitate  to  believe  (though  of 
this  fact  we  find  no  distinct  record)  that  it  would  be  used 
at  the  coronation  of  so  staunch  an  adherent  of  the  Church 
of  Rome  as  Charles  X.  After  the  congelation  of  the 
chrism,  it  was  customary  for  the  consecrating  prelate  to 
introduce  into  the  ampoule  a  golden  needle,  with  which 
he  extracted  a  particle  of  the  congealed  oil,  of  about  the 
size  of  a  grain  of  millet,  to  be  used  when  required  for  a 
royal  coronation.] 

Martyrs  of  Oorcum. — Can  you  inform  me  where 
I  can  obtain  any  information  relating  to  the  so- 
called  Martyrs  of  Gorcum  ?  E.  H.  K. 

[Wm.  Estius,  Chancellor  of  the  University  of  Douay, 
published  the  following  work:  "Histoire  veritable  des 
bien-heureux  Martyrs  de  Gorcum  en  Hollande,  la  plus 
part  Frferes  Mineurs,  qui  pour  la  Foy  Catholique  on  ^st^ 
mis  k  mort  h,  Brile  I'an  1572."  Douay,  8vo.  1603,  1618 ; 
Namurci,  8vo,  1655.] 


26th  February,  Napoleon,  with  some  hundred  men 
of  his  guard,  had  embarked  on  board  a  brig  and 
several  small  vessels,  and  had  quitted  the  Island  of 
Elba,  and  that  Europe  was  menaced.     Some  of 
the  official  personages  attempted  to  treat  the  mat- 
ter lightly,  but  anxiety  exhibited  itself  in  the 
language  of  those  who  were  the  most  collected. 
The  uncertainty  as  to  the  port  destined  for  land- 
ing continued  for  tivo  days  farther.    It  was  only 
on  the  eighth  of  March  that  a  later  courier  from 
Sardinia  brought  the  news  that  Napoleon  with 
his  little  army  had  landed  near  the  city  of  Cannes, 
and  that  he  was  then  marching  for  the  conquest 
of  his  throne.     On   that  very  day,  the  principal 
members  of  the  Congress,  Metternich,  Wellington, 
and  Talleyrand  were  to  set  out  for  Presburg  in 
order  to  submit  to  the  King  of  Saxony  the  final 
resolutions  of  the  Congress  which  should  termi- 
nate his  long  anxiety,  and  reestablish  his  crown. 
Their  departure,  however,  was  not  postponed,  what- 
ever might  then  be  the  preoccupation  of  the  minds 
of  the  three  statesmen  on  the  new  subject  which 
had  arisen  for  their  discussion  since  the  5th  of 
March  ....  Upon  the  return  of  the  plenipoten- 
tiaries from  this  short  mission,  Metternich,  on  the 
12th  March,  reassembled  the  Congress,  &c. 

It  will  also  be  observed  that  Villemain's  ac- 
count diflers  very  widely  from  the  statement  in 
Rogers'  Itecollections  referred  to  by  your  corre- 
spondent. H.  N. 


NAPOI-EON's   escape   prom  ELBA. 

(2"*  S.  viii.  86.) 

The  version  given  by  your  correspondent  Mk. 
D'AvENEY  of  the  manner  in  which  the  tidings  of 
this  great  event  first  became  known  to  the  leading 
members  of  the  Congress  at  Vienna,  is  quite  dra- 
matic in  its  incidents,  and  circumstantial  in  its 
details  ;  it  wants,  however,  authentication.  As  a 
mere  tradition  of  an  event  comparatively  recent, 
and  quite  susceptible,  as  one  would  think,  of  direct 

Eroof,  this  version  is  of  little  value.  To  show 
ow  essentially  it  differs  from  the  received  ac- 
counts I  refer  to  Villemain.  This  distinguished 
author,  in  Les  Cent  Jours  (^Souverains  Contempo- 
rains),  p.  79.  et  seq.,  states  that  the  news  arrived 
at  the  Austrian  court  during  the  evening  of  the 
Jifth  of  March  by  a  courier  from  Sardinia,  at  the 
time  a  brilliant  assemblage  was  gathered  in  the 
salons  of  the  Empress  to  witness  a  series  of  ta- 
bleaux vivans.  The  illustrious  party  was  suddenly 
disturbed  by  a  murmur  of  dissatisfaction,  and  by 
suppressed  conversations.  The  exhibition  was 
soon  interrupted :  the  Emperor  of  Austria  and 
the  monarchs  who  were  his  guests  withdrew  toge- 
ther; the  Ministers  Plenipotentiary  were  gathered 
in  an  excited  group.  Every  one  in  the  palace 
was  soon  repeating  that  on  the  evening  of  the 


TITLES   CONPEEBED   BY   OLIVEE   CEOMWELL. 

(2"'*  S.  vii,  476.  518. ;  \nl  passim.) />  ^^^V 

I  beg  to  apologise  to  your  correspondent  W.  J. 
Pinks  for  not  having  sooner  complied  with  his  re- 
quest respecting  Sir  Richard  Chiverton  (viii.  158.) 
1  cannot  give  the  date  of  his  creation ;  but  as  he 
was  Lord  Mayor  of  London  in  1657-8,  I  presume 
he  was  knighted  at  that  time.  My  authority  for 
including  him  among  Cromwell's  kniglits  is  a 
Note  which  I  took  upwards  of  thirty  years  ago, 
of  an  entry  in  a  volume  of  the  Harleian  MSS., 
British  Museum  (numbered  1105— 5881),  con- 
taining the  arms  of  the  fifteen  individuals  at  the 
head  of  the  list  given  at  viii.  114.*     He  officiated 

*  I  may  here  correct  several  errors  in  that  list.  1. 
The  date  of  Sir  John  Claypole's  Baronetcy  should  be 
1657,  instead  of  1656.  2.  Sir  Jiohert  Tichborne  is  erro- 
neously called  Richard.  3.  Sir  Peter  Coyett  is  termed 
Resident  in  France,  instead  of  Resident  in  England  for 
the  king  of  Sweden.  4.  Sir  Thomas  Widdington  was 
knighted  by  Charles  I.,  1  April,  1639,  at  York,  of  which 
he  was  Recorder,  and  should  not  have  appeared  in  the 
list.  6.  After  the  name  of  Sir  Andrew  Ramsay  of 
Wauchton,  in  a  note,  a  parenthesis  (Abbotshall  ?)  has 
been  appended  to  my  communication,  which  makes  it 
requisite  for  me  to  mention  that,  having  predeceased  his 
father,  who  possessed  the  estate  of  Abbotshall,  he  never 
inherited  it,  but  was  designed  of  Wauchton  from  his 
marriage  with  the  daughter  and  heiress  of  John  Hepburn 


2"4  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


383 


as  Mayor  in  proclaiminjr  Richard  Cromwell  Pro- 
tector in  September,  1658;  and  Prestwich,  in  his 
Respublica  (Lond.  1787)  p.  157.,  marshals  the 
arms  of  "  Sir  Richard  Chiverton,  Lord  Mayor  of 
London,  1658,"  as  follows:  —  "  Argent,  a  tower 
embattled  sable  on  a  mount  in  base,  proper."  As 
a  knight  he  figures  among  the  persons  on  whom 
Charles  IL  proposed  to  confer  the  order  of  the 
Royal  Oak,  as  being  possessed  of  an  income  of 
3000/.  in  London  and  Middlesex.  The  earliest 
list  of  Cromwell's  Knights  is  that  printed  in 
Walkley's  contemporary  "  Catalogue,"  from 
which,  as  far  as  it  goes,  subsequent  publications 
have  drawn  largely.  7'Ae  Perfect  Politician, 
quoted  by  L.  H.  at  p.  31.,  was  probably  the  next. 
Morgan's  Phoenix  Britannicus  (Lond.  1732)  con- 
tains several  reprints  of  pamphlets  relating  to 
Cromwell's  government;  and  Prestwich's  i?espM&- 
lica  is  also  full  of  particulars  on  the  same  subject. 
The  list  given  by  Noble  in  his  Memoirs  of  the 
Protectoral  House  of  Cromwell,  seems  to  have 
been  derived  from  some  of  the  above  sources,  with 
additions  of  his  own,  and  is  in  several  respects 
inaccurate.*  The  following  names  do  not  ap- 
pear among  the  Knights  mentioned  in  pp.  32.  and 
114.:  — 

Sir  William  Boteler,  in  1653  or  1654. 
Sir  Afchibald  Johnston. 
Sir  Heronymous  Sankey. 
Sir  Anthony  Morgan. 
Sir  Thomas  Whitgrave. 

Of  these  Sir  Archibald  Johnston,  better  known 
by  the  titular  designation  of  Lord  Warriston, 
borne  by  him  as  a  Lord  of  Session  in  Scotland, 
has  been  erroneously  inserted,  as  he  was  knighted 
by  Charles  I.  at  Holy  rood  House,  15  November, 
1641.  Sir  Anthony  Morgan,  or  one  of  the  same 
name,  was  knighted  by  the  same  monarch  at 
Southam,  21  Oct.  1642,  though  from  this  being 
subsequent  to  4th  January,  1641 — 2,  he  might 
require  a  renewal  of  the  honour.  The  name  of 
Thomas  Whitgrave,  Esq.,  occurs  among  the  pi*o- 
posed  Knights  of  the  Royal  Oak.  All  the  above 
are  mentioned  as  Knights  in  the  capacity  of  Mem- 
bers of  Richard  Cromwell's  Parliament,  Sankey 
being  called  "  Sir  Jeremy."  Noble  mentions  the 
creation  in  1658,  by  Richard,  of  two  knights, 
viz.  Jolin  Morgan  f  and  Richard  Beke,  and  also 
gives  the  names  of  Matthew  Tomlinson  and  John 

of  Wauchton.  The  dates  given  in  the  list  in  question 
only  apply  to  those  knights  to  whose  names  they  are 
prefixed.  I  could  now  supply  those  to  most  of  the 
others.  When  I  wrote  I  had  not  consulted  the  works 
enumerated  in  the  text. 

*  In  respect  to  dates,  a  confusion  sometimes  prevails 
from  a  disregard  of  the  fact  that  till  1752  the  year  com- 
menced in  England  on  the  25th  March.  In  Scotland, 
however,  this  was  changed  to  the  1st  January  in  1600. 

t  Noble  saj's  he  was  created  a  Baronet  by  Charles  II. 
If  80,  Thomas  should  be  substituted  for  John,  as  Thomas 
Morgan  of  Longattock  was  so  created,  7  Feb.  1660-^61. 


Percival  *,  as  having  been  knighted  by  Henry 
Cromwell,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland. 

The  same  author,  in  addition  to  the  Baronets 
whose  names  have  already  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q.," 
gives  the  following  :  — 

"  Sir  John  Lenthal,  Knt. 
Thomas  Willes  of  Cambridgeshire. 
Edmund  Prideaux,  Attornej'-General. 
William  Ellis,  Solicitor-General." 

These  all  appear  as  Baronets  among  the  Mem- 
bers of  Richard  Cromwell's  Parliament,  but  Sir 
Thomas  Willes  was  not  so  created  by  Oliver,  that 
honour  having  been  conferred  on  him  by  Charles 
I.,  15  December,  1641.  He  also  was  one  of  those 
proposed  to  be  nominated  a  member  of  the  order 
of  the  Royal  Oak.» 

Between  1653  and  the  Restoration  the  names 
of  several  individuals  are  to  be  met  with  bearing 
the  designation  of  baronet  or  knight,  the  origin 
of  whose  titles  cannot  be  traced.  Were  a  com- 
plete account  of  the  Cromwellian  creations  at- 
tempted, these  would  fail  to  be  noticed,        R.  R. 

BIBLICAL    COHJECTURE-NOTES  I     THE    EIGHT     DATE 
OP    THE    EPISTLE    TO    THE    HEBREWS. 

(2"i  S.  viii.  247.) 

Avoiding  conjecture,  except  so  far  as  to  con- 
sider St.  Paul  the  author,  and  taking  up  the  posi- 
tive evidence,  we  may  affirm  that  this  Epistle  was 

written  in  Roman  Italy  (^OCTIJJ   ]-  \  ^]     Vn) 

and  was  sent  by  the  hand  of  Timothy  to  the 
Hebrews,  according  to  the  subscription  at  the  end 
of  it  in  the  Syriac  version,  substantially  the  same 
as  the  Greek  text.  Assuming,  with  both  the 
authors  cited  by  your  correspondent,  that  St.  Paul 
was  the  author,  then  it  must  have  been  written 
after  February  a.d.  61,  when  St.  Paul  first  ar- 
rived at  Rome.  From  Heb.  v.  12.  it  must  be 
inferred  that  this  epistle  was  not  written  so  early 
as  A.D.  52,  only  seven  years  after  Paul's  first  mis- 
sionary journey,  for  the  Hebrews  therein  ad- 
dressed had  been  so  long  converted  that  they 
ought  to  have  been  qualified  to  teach  others ;  and 
they  had  already  witnessed  the  death  of  their  first 
teachers  (xiii.  7.) ;  and  farther,  that  it  was  writ- 
ten after  the  author's  imprisonment  appears  from 
Heb.  X.  34.,  which,  in  the  case  of  St.  Paul,  occur- 
red A.D.  60.  As  Origen  (Euseb.  H.  E.,  vi.  25.) 
and  other  competent  judges  declare  that  the 
style  of  this  epistle  is  superior  to  Paul's  acknow- 
ledged writings,  the  necessary  inference  is,  that  if 
he  wrote  this  epistle,  it  must  have  been  after  he 
had  improved  his  style,  and  after  the  issue  of  all 

*  He  was  created  a  Baronet  of  Ireland  by  Charles  II. 
9  September,  1661,  and  was  ancestor  of  the  Earl  of  Eg- 
mont. 


384 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


[2na  S.  Tin.  Nov.  5.  '69. 


his  other  epistles ;  consequently  not  in  52,  but  after 
63,  and  not  later  than  a.d.  70 — the  persecution  of 
Nero.  That  it  could  not  have  been  written  from 
Corinth,  where  he  stayed  eighteen  months,  is  evi- 
dent from  the  greeting  which  he  sends yrom  Italy 
to  the  Christian  Hebrews  of  Palestine.  (Heb.  xiii, 
24.)  Compare  the  use  of  a.nh  in  Matthew  xv.  1., 
Acts  xvii.  13.,  and  John  xi.  1.  Tholuck*,  at  the  end 
of  his  commentary,  admitting  that  it  was  written 
at  Rome,  wonders  why  the  apostle  did  not  say 
ojrb  'Pcofiris,  not  adverting  to  the  Syriac  versiao 
where  "Roman  Italy"  is  mentioned.  The  equi- 
valent  to   ol   airh   rris   'iraxias    in   the    Greek  is 

y  7  -»i  -x  -x 

{^^V^l      V)j   ^rn\^  in  the  Syriac  version  = 

"  omnes  qui  sunt  ex  Italia,"  acQprding  to  Tremel- 
lius.  Both  Chrysostom  and  Theodoret  consider  the 
salutation  of  ot  avh  ttjs  'IraXla^  as  proof  that  this 
epistle  was  written  at  Rome.  Further,  Timothy 
was  with  Paul  at  Corinth  (Acts  xviii.  5.) ;  but, 
on  the  contrary,  he  was  absent  when  this  epistle 
was  written.  (Heb.  xiii.  23.)  The  release  of  Ti- 
mothy from  prison,  and  the  residence  of  Paul  in 
his  own  hired  house  (Acts  xxviii.  30.),  lead  to  the 
necessary  inference  that  St.  Paul,  if  the  writer,  was 
then  free  ;  or  had  reasonable  ground  for  his  pro- 
mise to  visit  the  Hebrews  shortly  (xiii.  23.)  ;  and 
he  was,  in  fact,  acquitted  in  the  beginning  of  the 
tenth  year  of  Nero,  a.d.  63  ;  after  which  release 
(and  not  before  it)  he  wrote,  according  to  Hug, 
this  epistle  (Introd.  N.  T.  s.  143.),  which  is  also 
the  opinion  of  Mill,  Wetstein,  Tillemont,  Lardner, 
and  Calmet.  Chrysostom  says  {^Prolog,  ad  Rom.) 
that  this  epistle  was  written  dirJ)  'vdijx-qs  from  Rome. 
So  does  Theodoret  {Com.  ad  Rom.  et  Heh.xm.  24.) 
The  assumption  that  it  is  less  perfect  as  a  dog- 
matic exposition  than  other  writings  of  St.  Paul 
("  written  during  the  Hebraistic  condition  of  his 
mind"),  is  not  warranted  by  the  opinion  of  the 
best  authorities  in  dogmatic  theology.  Hug  says 
it  is  Paul's  master- piece  (s.  143.).  Moses  Stuart 
(Lond.  1828),  as  the  advocate  of  St.  Paul,  and 
Bleekf  or  Tholuck,  his  opponents,  and  both,  like 
Luther,  the  advocates  of  ApoUos  J  as  the  author 
of  it,  furnish  materials  whereon  to  found  a  judg- 
ment as  to  the  time  and  place  of  its  composition. 
The  hypothesis  of  the  early  date  of  this  epistle  as 
by  the  hand  of  St.  Paul  from  Corinth,  is  that  of 
Storr  (Stuart,  i.  19.)  and  Noesselt  (Stuart,  i.  31.), 
but  it  cannot  stand  the  test  of  comparison  with 
the  positive  evidence  extant  on  this  point,  whereon 
the  critics  generally  are  well  agreed. 

T.  J.  BuCKTON. 

Lichfield. 

*  Bill.  Cabinet. 

t  "  Versuch  einer  voUatand.  Einleitung  in  d.  Brief  a. 
d.  Hebr.    Berlin,  1828." 

X  So  are  Le  Clerc,  Heuraann,  Semler,  Ziegler,  Dindorf, 
and  De  Wette. 


FEANCIS    BURGERSDICIU8. 

(2°*  S.  viii.  327.) 

Franco  Petri  Burgersdijck,  or  Burghersdijck, 
or  Burgersdicius,  was  born  at  Lier  in  De'fland, 
May  3,  1590.  He  was  educated  at  Amersfoort, 
Delft,  and  Leiden.  He  next  entered  at  Saumur, 
where,  after  a  residence  of  six  months,  he  was 
appointed  professor  of  philosophy.  After  five 
years  (in  1619)  he  returned  to  Leiden,  where  (iu 
March,  1620)  he  became  professor  of  rhetoric. 
In  1628  he  was  appointed  to  the  chair  of  natural 
history,  and  held  both  professorships  until  his 
death,  Feb.  19,  1635.  His  portrait  has  been 
engraved. 

Most  of  his  works  (Idea  Philosophic  Naturalis, 
1626;  Idea  Philosophies  Moralis,  1626;  Institu- 
tiones  Logicce,  1626;  also,  Synopsis  Inslitutionum 
Logicaruni  and  De  Usu  Logices,  Liber  singularis  ; 
Institutiones  Physicce ;  Collegium  Physicum  Dis- 
putationibus  XXXII.  absoluttim,  1637 ;  Institutionum 
Metaphysicorum  Libri  II.,  Opus  posthumum,  1640  ; 
Idea  CEconomicce  et  Politicce  Doctrines,  Opus  pos- 
thumum,  1654)  have  been  translated  into  Dutch, 
and  widely  used  in  other  countries.  Leaving 
some  Oxford  bibliographer  to  say  how  often  his 
books  were  printed  in  that  University  (we  have 
in  St.  John's  Library  the  Natural  and  Moral 
Philosophy,  Oxf.  1654),  I  extract  the  following 
notices  from  a  list  which  I  am  forming  of  books 
printed  at  Cambridge  : — Institutiones  Logicce,  8vo. 
1637;  with  Heereboord,  2  vols.  8vo.  1644;  with 
Vualtheri  Rheto7-ica,  Svo.  1647  ;  Svo.  John  Field, 
1660;  A.  Heereboord,  Logica  ex  Bursgersdicio 
deprompta,  Svo.  1663;  8vo.  1666;  Svo.  with 
Heereboord,  1668  ;  Heereboord  alone,  Svo.  Jo. 
Hayes,  1670  ;  with  Heereboord,  Svo.  1680. 

This  list  has  been  drawn  up  from  sale  cata- 
logues (chiefly  the  earliest)  and  similar  sources, 
but  I  do  not  doubt  that  the  greater  number  of 
the  editions  specified  may  be  found  in  the  Cam- 
bridge libraries. 

In  St.  John's  Library  we  have  John  Field's 
edition  of  1660,  with  the  motto  :  — 

"  Ad  juventutem  Cantabrigiensem. 

Quod  vetus  est,  juvenes,  in  RelUgione  sequamur : 
Quod  placet  in  Logica,  nil  vetat  esse  novum." 

Bound  up  with  this  is  :  — 

"  ERMHNEIA  (sic),  Logica,  sea  Synopseos  Logics 
Burgersdicianae  Explicatio,  turn  per  notas  turn  per  ex- 
empla  ;  Authore  Adriano  Heereboord,  Phil.  Profess. 
Acad.  Leid.  primario.  Editio  nova  accurata.  Accedit 
ejusdem  Authoris  Praxis  Logica." 

From  this  book  we  learn  that  B.'s  Logic  was 
introduced  by  public  authority  into  the  schools 
of  Holland  and  West  Friesland.  If  we  are  to 
judge  of  Burgersdijck  from  his  friends,  we  must 
be  prepared  to  expect  much  from  a  book  recom- 
mended as  the  Logic  is,  by  the  verses  of  P. 
CunsBus,  G.  J.  Vossius,  and  Dan.  Heinsius. 


2»<«  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '69.]. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


38.5 


I  have  no  note  of  any  Cambridge  edition  later 
than  1680,  but  the  book  held  its  ground  for  many 
years,  perhaps  until  "  the  New  Philosophy  "  drove 
out  it  and  the  study  of  logic_  together.  Serj. 
Miller,  in  his  Account  of  the  University  of  Cam- 
bridge (2d  ed.  Lond.  1717,  p.  6.)  says  of  the 
academic  "  youth  "  :  — 

«  For  they  must  in  all  Probability,  in  vain  hear  their 
Tutors  in  their  reading  Ethicks,  teach 'em  the  Sacredness 
of  an  Oath;  when  if  look  but  -within  the  Lid  of  their 
Burgersditius's  Logic,  (where  that  taken  at  their  Matricu- 
lation is  usuall}'  pasted)  they  can't  but  see  One,  which 
soon  after  their  Admission  they  forced  them  to  take; 
tho'  at  the  time  of  taking,  they  could  not  know  the  Ex- 
tent of  it,  or  if  thej-  did,  their  own  Reason  told  'em,  they 
could  never  punctually  perform  it." 

If  Watt  has  described  the  book  referred  to  by 
Prof.  Db  Morgan  correctly,  I  think  that  the 
name  Fr.  B.  must  be  a  pseudonym,  as  I  find  no 
mention  of  any  one  of  the  name  in  Cambridge. 
Pieter  B.,  the  son  of  Franco,  was  Pensionary  of 
his  native  city,  Leiden,  but  I  do  not  trace  the 
family  farther. 

For  the  substance  of  this  Note  I  am  indebted 
to  the  very  elaborate  BiograpMsch  Woordenboek 
der  Nederlanden,  edited  by  Mr.  A.  J.  van  Der  Aa 
(Haarlem,  Brederode,  vol.ii.  pp.  1583, 1584,  where 
the  Dutch  sources  are  pointed  out).  As,  how- 
ever, this  book  is  still  incomplete,  and  few  copies 
probably  have  found  their  way  to  this  country,  I 
would  refer  for  farther  information  to  Georgi's 
JBilcher- Lexicon,  and  to  the  Bodleian  Catalogue, 
s.  V.  In  Grasse's  Lehrbuch  (iii.  ii.  735,  note  48), 
several  of  the  more  accessible  authorities  are 
named.  J.  E.  B,  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

P.S.  I  have  not  quoted  what  Sir  W.  Hamilton 
says  (Discussions,  Sfc,  ed.  1.  p.  119.  note)  of  our 
author's  obligations  to  Mark  Duncan,  his  colleague 
at  Saumur,  as  I  assume  that  Pkof.  Db  MoBaAN 
had  that  note  in  his  eye  when  he  wrote. 


GEOBGE:  HERBERT  AND  THEOCRITUS. 

(2°'!  S.  viii.  290.) 

It  is  well  known  to  scholars  that  several  short 
Greek  poems,  of  the  class  inquired  for  by  P.  D., 
have  been  transmitted  to  us  from  ancient  times. 
There  is  some  diversity  of  opinion  as  to  their 
authors :  some,  attributed  to  Theocritus,  being 
also  referred  to  Simmias  of  Rhodes,  and  others  to 
Dosiadas,  a  contemporary  poet  of  the  same  coun- 
try. Most  of  them  may  be  found  in  the  Cam- 
bridge editions  of  the  Poetce  Minores  Grceci 
(Cantab.  1652,  1677,  &c.),  and  in  Brunck's 
Analecta  Poett.  Gr.  (Argentorati,  1776).  The 
Syrinx  appears,  I  believe,  for  the  first  time  in  the 
Roman  edition  of  Theocritus  (1516),  and  with  it 
also  the  Secu7'is,  Alee,  and  Ara  of  Simmias. 

In  the  Heidelberg  edition  of  Theocritus,  Mos- 


chus,  Bion,  and  Simmias  (1596),  we  have  at  p. 
305.  et  sq.  "  Simmias  Rhodij,  Ovum,  Alee,  Securis, 
ejusdera,  vel,  ut  alij  sentiunt,  Theocriti,  Syrinx, 
et  Ara."  They  again  occur  with  the  same  quali- 
fication in  another  Heidelberg  edition  of  the 
same  poets  (1604),  p.  207.  ad  p.  224.  Again,  ia 
Lectius'  edition  of  the  Poetce  Grceci  Veteres,  Car- 
minis  hej'oici  Scriptores  (Col.  AUobr.  1606),  we  find 
besides  the  Securis,  Ovum,  and  Alee  of  Simmias, 
the  Ara  described  as  being  referred  by  some  to 
Theocritus,  "  tifiy-iov  tov  'Fodiov  Bco/ios,  Kara  Se  rtvas 
QeoKpiTov."  Even  the  Syrinx  is  not  included  in 
Thomas  Martin's  beautiful  edition  of  Theocritus, 
Moschus,  and  Bion  (Lond.  1760,  8vo.). 

Fabricius  (^Bibl.  Gr.  lib.  iii.  cap.  xvii.)  does  not 
decide  the  authorship  of  the  Syrinx.  "  Fertur 
etiam  sub  Theocrith  nomine  :S,vpty^  .  .  .  alij  Sim- 
mia3  tribuunt."  Fabricius  (ib.)  remarks  that  no- 
thing is  more  precisely  known  as  to  the  period  in 
which  this  Simmias  flourished  than  that  not  only 
was  he  more  ancient  than  Meleager  of  Gadara, 
who  has  named  him  in  the  dedication  of  the  An- 
thology, about  the  I70th  Olympiad,  but  also  that 
Philicus  of  Corcyra,  a  tragic  poet  contemporary 
with  Theocritus,  under  Ptolemy  Philadelphus 
about  the  120th  Olympiad,  must  have  been  later 
than  him.  His  true  age  must  therefore  be  sought 
somewhere  between  these  limits.  The  Ovum,  the 
Alee,  and  the  Securis,  are  mentioned  by  Fabricius, 
as  certainly  the  work  of  Simmias. 

Besides  the  Ara,  attributed  doubtfully  to  Sim- 
mias, and  to  Theocritus,  there  is  another,  the  pro- 
duction of  Dosiadas,  a  Rhodian  of  the  same  or 
nearly  the  same  period  with  Simmias.  The 
learned  Claudius  Salmasius  published  both  these 
Arce  as  the  work  of  Dosiadas  (Paris,  1619,  small 
4to.).  His  edition  includes  the  Greek  text  with 
a  Latin  version  of  the  entire  six  figurate  poems, 
to  which  are  subjoined  his  own  admirable  an- 
notations. His  original  edition  having  become 
very  rare  was  republished  by  Thomas  Crenius,  in 
his  Museum  Philologicum  etHistoricum  (L.B.  1700, 
cr.  8vo.).  It  includes  a  treasure  of  critical  learn- 
ing. 

Mediseval  Latin  poetry  furnishes  many  similar 
difficult  lusus  in  versification,  of  which  it  may  be 
sufficient  here  to  mention  the  wondrous  work  of 
Rabanus  Maurus,  Archbishop  of  Mentz  (ninth 
century),  De  Laudibus  S.  Crucis,  in  which  we 
hesitate  whether  to  admire  more  the  complete 
command  of  language  or  the  devotional  feeling  by 
which  it  is  animated.  Arterus. 

Dublin. 


Your  correspondent  P,  D.  will  find  some  ac- 
count of  what  he  wishes  to  know  in  D'Israeli's 
Curiosities  o/ Literature  (E.  Moxon,  1840,  p.  106.), 
under  the  heading  of  "  Literary  Follies."  The 
following  quotation  may  serve  for  a  "  sample  :  " 

"  Verses  of  grotesque  shapes  have  sometimes  been  con  • 


386 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '59. 


trived  to  convey  ingenious  thoughts.  Pannard,a  modern 
French  poet,  has  tortured  his  agreeable  vein  of  poetry 
into  such  forms.  He  has  made  some  of  his  Bacchanalian 
songs  take  the  figures  of  bottles,  and  others  of  glasses. 
These  objects  are  perfectly  drawn  b}"^  tiie  various  mea- 
sure of  the  verses  which  form  the  song." 

A  Magyar  Exile. 
Edinburgh. 

P.  D.  will  find  sorae  verses  taking  their  names 
from  the  forms  they  assume,  in  a  work  intitled 
PoetcB  Minores  Groeci,  Cantab,  mdclxxxiv.  The 
Syrinx  of  Theocritus  is  also  attributed  to  Sim- 
mias,  a  n;rammarian  of  Rhodes.  This  work  con- 
tains "  Simmiae  Rhodii  Ovum,"  "  Siramise  Rhodii 
Alae,"  "  Simmiae  Rhodii  Securis ;  vel  secundum 
alios,  Theocriti,"  another  Syrinx,  inscribed  to  Pan  ; 
and  "  Simmiae  Ara,  vel  secundum  alios,  Theo- 
criti." R.  C. 

Cork. 


OLIVER   ST.   JOHN. 

(2"*  S.  vii.  27.) 

Although  the  Query  which  you  were  so  good 
as  to  insert  for  me  on  the  8th  January  last,  re- 
specting the  identity  of  "  Black  Oliver  St.  John  " 
produced  no  reply  through  your  pages,  I  am 
happy  to  state  that  it  led  to  several  communica- 
tions being  made  to  me  direct,  which  have  af- 
forded links  in  the  chain  of  evidence  establishing 
the  point  in  question.  In  the  query  referred  to, 
I  suggested  that  "  Black  Oliver  "  might  have  been 
the  son,  or  the  grandson,  of  John  St.  John  of 
Lydiard  Tregose,  the  great-grandfather  of  Oliver 
Lord  Grandison.  In  this  conjecture  I  was  cor- 
rect. Oliver,  the  second  son  of  John  St.  John,  is 
stated  by  Edinondson  (iv.  328.)  to  have  married 
the  daughter  and  coheir  of  —  Love,  of  Winchel- 
sea,  and  to  have  had  three  sons,  Oliver,  Nicholas, 
and  John.* 

It  appears  from  this  document  that  Oliver  St. 
John  and  Margaret  Love  were  married  before 
John  Love  made  his  will,  which  is  dated  26th 
March,  1593,  for  in  it  he  bequeaths  to  "  son  St. 
John  and  Margaret,  my  daughter,  his  wife,  all 
lands,  &c.,"  and,  "  to  son  St  John  house  he  now 
lives  in  in  Winchelsea."  The  marriage  must, 
however,  have  taken  place  a  few  years  previously 
to  that  date,  for  his  eldest  son,  Nicholas,  was  of 
age  on  10th  May,  6th  Jas.,  when  he  joined  in  the 
conveyance  of  certain  lands  to  Thomas  Risley. 
It  appears  from  another  indenture,  dated  5th 
May,  13th  Jas.  (1615)  that  Oliver  St.  John's  two 
younger  sons,  Oliver  and  John,  were  then  still 
minors ;  that  their  father  was  living  at  Marl- 
borough, and  that  their  mother  was  dead.     We 

*  This  statement  is  confirmed  by  a  document  among 
the  title-deeds  of  an  estate  called  Troppinden,  in  Sussex, 
preserved  among  the  evidences  of  George  B.  Courthope 
of  VVhilegh,  in'that  count)',  Esquire. 


have  no  evidence  to  show  when  Oliver  St.  John 
removed  from  Winchelsea  to  Marlborough,  but 
we  find  his  name  as  an  inhabitant  of  the  latter 
town  in  an  Armoury  Book  of  the  date  of  1606, 
preserved  in  the  corporation  chest,  and  the  re- 
gister of  burials  of  the  parish  of  St.  Mary  shows 
that  "  Margaret,  wife  of  Oliver  St.  John,  gent, 
(was)  buried  Sept.  19th,  1606." 

After  the  death  of  this  wife  he  appears  to  have 
remarried,  for  the  register  above  quoted  records 
that  "  Mrs.  St.  John,  wife  of  Mr.  Oliver  St.  John 
(was)  buried  April  3'\  1603." 

We  have  no  evidence  to  show  the  date  when 
he  died,  but  the  will  of  an  Oliver  St.  John  is  re- 
corded in  the  registers  of  the  Prerogative  Court 
of  Canterbury  in  the  year  1639,  although,  un- 
fortunately, as  stated  in  a  marginal  note,  neither 
the  original  nor  any  copy  can  be  found.  No 
trace  of  his  burial  is  found  in  the  Marlborough 
registers. 

One  discrepancy  remains  to  be  reconciled. 
Both  Edmondson  and  the  Visitation  Pedigree  show 
Oliver  as  the  "  son  and  heir  "  of  Oliver  St.  John 
by  Margaret  Love.  This  can  only  be  reconciled 
by  supposing  that  Nicholas,  who  is  proved  by 
Mr.  Courthope's  document  to  have  been  Oliver 
St.  John's  eldest  son,  died  between  1612,  when  he 
released  his  Interest  in  Troppinden,  and  1623,  the 
date  of  the  heralds'  visitation. 

I  am  afraid  that  this  Note  is  rather  long,  but 
shall  be  obliged  if  you  will  insert  it,  not  only  as 
clearing  up  an  obscure  historical  question  upon 
which  both  Lord  Campbell  and  Mr.  Foss  arc  in 
error,  but  also  as  showing  the  usefulness  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  to  persons  engaged  in  historical  research. 
To  its  pages  I  am  indebted  for  communications 
from  several  highly  esteemed  correspondents, 
which  have  afforded  me  most  valuable  inform- 
ation. John  Maclean. 

Hammersmith. 


»0pTteiS  to  Minat  ^uttlt^. 

Seals  of  Officers  who  perished  in  Affghanistan 
(2""*  S.  viii.  289.)  —  It  will,  we  are  sure,  be  very 
gratifying  to  Mb.  Batley,  and  we  think  very  in- 
teresting to  our  readers,  to  know  that  No.  1.  of 
the  three  seals  forwarded  by  that  gentleman  from 
Futteyghur,  upon  the  supposition  "  that  they  had 
once  belonged  to  officers  who  fell  in  Affghanistan," 
has  been  identified  and  restored  to  the  family  of 
Lieut.  F.  H.  Hawtrey,  who  fell  in  Affghanistan 
in  1842.  The  seal  which  has  now,  after  the  lapse 
of  seventeen  years,  been  restored  in  so  singular 
a  manner,  is  the  only  relic  of  Lieut.  Hawtrey 
which  his  family  have  recovered ;  and  Mr.  Bay- 
ley  may  be  assured  how  much  it  is  prized  by  his 
relatives,  and  how  highly  they  appreciate  the  good 
feeling  which  prompted  him  to  send  the  seals  to 
Europe  for  identification.  Ed,  "  N.  &  Q." 


2»d  S.  VIIL  Nov.  5.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


387 


Louis  the  Fifteenth  (S-'i  S.  viii.  298.)— When  I 
last  wrote  I  was  wholly  unaware  whether  the 
claimant  to  the  earldom  of  Stirling  was  alive  or 
not.  I  have  referred  to  the  account  of  his  trial 
in  1839,  which  appears  to  be  very  carefully  re- 
ported, and  I  hasten  to  correct  a  mistatement 
of  mine.  Mr.  "  Alexander  Humphreys,  or  Alex- 
ander," for  such  was  his  designation,  was  "  as- 
soilzied," which  I  suppose  means  "  not  convicted." 
The  verdict  commences  thus  :  — 

"  1st.  We  find  unanimously  that  the  Excerpt  Charter 
libelled  on  is  a  forged  document ;  and  find  by  a  majority 
that  it  is  not  proven  that  the  prisoner  forged  it,  or  was 
guilty  art  and  part  thereof;  and  also  that  it  is  not 
proven  that  he  uttered  it  as  genuine,  knowing  it  to  be 
forged." 

(The  italics  are  mine.)  The  Excerpt  Charter 
found  to  be  a  forgery  was  the  pretended  charter 
of  Novo  Damns  from  Charles  I.,  upon  which  the 
claim  of  Mr.  Alexander  was  founded. 

I  believe  that  a  verdict  of  "  not  proven "  is 
not,  in  Scottish  law,  equivalent  to  an  acquittal. 
That  a  minority  of  the  jury  found  Mr.  Alexander 
guilty  of  forging  the  charter  appears  evident 
from  the  words  of  the  verdict ;  and  I  think  any 
unprejudiced  person,  after  reading  the  details  of 
the  trial,  will  agree  with  me  that  the  less  said  on 
the  matter  the  better  for  the  reputation  of  Mr. 
Alexander. 

I  think  the  audacious  forgery  of  the  tombstone 
in  the  case  of  the  Tracy  Peerage,  a  few  years 
since,  was  in  no  respect  of  a  worse  character  than 
the  forgery  of  this  pretended  charter;  and  I  can- 
not understand  how  any  one,  in  the  face  of  the 
verdict,  can  venture  to  assert  that  this  Mr.  Hum- 
phreys, or  Alexander,  was  the  rightful  Earl  of 
Stirling,  or  had  even  a  shadow  of  right  to  the 
dignity.  y.  S.  M. 

Dublin. 

Humphreys,  soi-disant  Earl  of  Stirling  (2"'^  S. 
viii.  298.) — J.  A.  Pn.  should  have  recollected, 
prior  to  sending  his  Minor  Reply,  that  there  are 
two  reports  of  the  trial  of  this  impostor:  one  by  Mr. 
Swinton,  the  other  by  Mr.  Turnbull, — in  the  Pre- 
face to  the  latter  of  which  reports,  all  the  singular 
antecedents  of  Humphreys  are  faithfully  recorded. 
Neither  de  jure  nor  de  facto  had  this  man  any 
pretensions  to  the  extinct  dignity  ;  and  so  far  from 
being  acquitted  in  the  manner  represented  by 
J.  A.  Pn.  (quasi-triumphaliter),  he  was  merely 
acquitted  from  the  charge  of  forging  documents 
upon  which  he  based  his  pretended  claim,  but 
which  documents  were  found  to  have  been  forged. 
The  contributor  of  this  Note  knows  the  admission 
of  Humphreys'  own  solicitor  as  to  the  forging  of 
these  documents.  M.  L. 

Lincoln's  Inn. 

Cloven  Foot  (2"*  S.  viii.  309.)  —Your  respected 
correspondent  is  naturally  struck  with  the  ap- 


parent contradiction,  that  the  evil  one  should  be 
represented  as  cloven-footed,  while  cloven  feet, 
under  the  Old  Testament  ritual,  were  a  criterion 
of  clean  beasts. 

It  might  be  deemed  equally  strange  that  the 
devil  should  be  generally  represented  as  horned, 
seeing  that  horns  are  usually  the  pictorial  attri- 
bute of  Moses,  the  great  lawgiver  of  the  Jews. 

The  horns  of  Moses  are  easily  explained.  When 
he  descended  from  the  Holy  Mount,  his  face 
"shone"  or  beamed  (Ex.  xxxiv.  29,  30.  35.)  ;  and 
in  its  primitive  signification  the  Hebrew  word 
which  we  render  "  shone,"  implies  that  his  face 
"  horned,"  i.  e.  shot  out  horns  or  beams  of  light. 
Hence  the  two-horned  Moses  of  mediaaval  art. 
Even  the  great  Buonarroti  himself  fell  into  this 
trap,  as  may  be  seen  in  the  statue  of  Moses  at  the 
Crystal  Palace. 

But  why  is  the  devil  usually  portrayed  both 
horned  and  cloven-footed  ? 

The  fact  is  that  the  devil,  as  he  has  been  com- 
monly depicted,  is  a  form  of  composite  character, 
chiefly  derived  from  the  classical  superstitions  of 
Greece  and  Rome. 

The  devil,  as  usually  described,  and  still  in 
magic-lanthorn  exhibitions  portrayed,  is  cloven- 
footed  and  horned,  tailed  and  black,  and  carries  a 
pitchfork. 

The  pitchfork  vernacularly  attributed  to  Satan 
is  the  two-pronged  sceptre  of  Pluto,  king  of  Hell. 
Mythologists  earnestly  solicit  our  attention  to  the 
important  distinction,  that  the  sceptre  of  Neptune, 
indeed,  was  a  trident,  or  had  three  teeth  ;  but  the 
sceptre  of  Pluto  had  only  two.  This  last,  then,  is 
the  fti?o-pronged  instrument  in  the  hands  of  the 
evil  one, —  the  devil's  pitchfork.  Not  only  his 
pitchfork,  however,  but  his  blackness,  the  devil 
owes  to  Pluto ;  who,  from  his  disadvantageous 
position  beneath  the  surface,  is  named  "Jupiter 
niger,"  the  black  Jupiter.  (^Sen.)  Cf.  "  atri  janua 
Ditis"  (Virg.),  '^'^  nigri  regia  cceca  dei  "  (Ov.). 

The  tail,  horns,  and  cloven  feet  of  the  evil  one, 
are  due  to  the  Greek  satyri,  and  to  their  equiva- 
lents the  Roman  fauni.  These,  as  we  all  know, 
had  horns,  and  tails,  and  cloven  feet.  But  be  it 
borne  in  mind,  as  a  connecting  link,  that  the  word 
rendered  '■'■  satyrs,""  in  the  Old  Testament,  h;is  by 
some  been  understood  to  signify  demons  or  devils. 
(Is.  xiii.  21. ;  xxxiv.  13.)  Hence  the  confusion  of 
the  attributes. 

Considering  the  many  fearful  and  truthful  re- 
presentations of  Satanic  power  which  we  find  in 
Scripture,  does  it  not  signally  indicate  the  influ- 
ence of  folk  lore,  and  the  abiding  operation  of 
popular  tradition,  when  we  thus  find  our  worst 
enemy  (next  to  ourselves)  known  vernacularly  to 
this  day  rather  as  the  embodiment  of  by-gone 
superstitions,  than  as  a  spiritual  adversary,  not  to 
be  combated  save  by  weapons  drawn  from  the 
Christian  armoury  ?  Thomas  Bots. 


388 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"i  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '59. 


Scandal  against  Queen  Elizabeth  (2°"*  S.  vii. 
106.  180.  283.  345.)— With  reference  to  this  sub- 
ject the  following  extract  from  an  article  in  House- 
hold Words,  vol.  xvi.  83.,  may  be  interesting  :  — 

"  An  entry  in  a  manuscript*,  at  the  Free  School  of 
Shrewsbury,  tells  of  a  certain  son  of  the  Earl  of  Leicester 

and  Queen  Elizabeth." "  This  manuscript,  which 

is  well  preserved  and  partially  illuminated,  once  belonged 
to  a  Roman  Catholic  vicar  of  Shrewsbury,  who  in  fifteen 
hundred  and  fifty-five  was  appointed  to  the  vicarage  by 
Queen  Mary.  He  afterwards  conformed  to  the  Established 
Church,  and  held  the  living  for  sixty  years.  This  vicar, 
who  was  called  Sir  John  Dychar,  migiit  not  have  been 
friendly  to  the  Protestant  Queen :  and  the  singular  entry 
in  his  hand  in  the  margin  of  the  book  may  have  been  a 
piece  of  malice.  It  is  however  remarkable  that  an  at- 
tempt has  been  made  to  efface  the  entry,  but  unsuccess- 
taUy,  the  first  ink  being  the  blackest,  and  refusing  to  be 
empowered  by  that  which  substituted  other  words,  in 
hopes  of  misleading  the  reader.  The  entry  runs  as  fol- 
lows :  '  Henrj'  Roido'  Dudley  Tuther  Plantagenet  filius 
Q.  E.  reg.  et  Robt.  Comitis  Leicestr.'  This  is  written  at 
the  top  of  the  page,  nearly  at  the  beginning  of  the  book, 
and  at  the  bottom  there  has  evidently  been  more ;  but  a 
square  piece  has  been  cut  out  of  the  leaf,  therefore  the 
secret  is  effectually  preserved.  There  is  a  tradition  that 
such  a  personage  as  this  mysterious  son  was  brought  up 
secretly  at  the  free-school  of  Shrewsbury ;  but  what  be- 
came of  him  is  not  known ;  nor  is  it  easy  to  account  for 
this  curious  entry  in  the  parish-church  book  of  Shrews- 
bury." 

James  Delano. 

Norton  Faintly  (2°"'  S.  viii.  249.)  — Old  Richard 
Norton,  of  Norton  Conyers,  married  the  daughter 
of  Richard  Nevill,  Lord  Latimer.  He  had  a  very 
large  family,  and  is  said  to  have  led  his  nine  sons 
to  join  the  "rising  in  the  North."  Stowe  says 
that  he  had  the  honour  to  bear  before  the  rebel 
army  "  a  crosse  with  a  banner  of  the  five  wounds." 
When  the  Earls  of  Northumberland  and  West- 
morland fled,  Richard  Norton  accompanied  them 
into  Scotland,  and  finally  escaped  into  Flanders. 
Sir  George  Bowes,  writing  to  the  Earl  of  Sussex, 
Nov.  17,  1569,  says  :  — 

"-Yesterdaj',  Francis  Norton,  with  the  number  of  a 
hundred  horsemen,  hath  enterd  John  Stair's  house  at 
Worsall,  and  therin  taken  his  sone  and  some  portion  of 
armor  which  is  not  great,  but  much  discomforteth  hym 
for  his  Sonne.  The  armour  is  six  corsletts,  two  or  three 
harquebusses,  and  six  marryons,  which  he  weigheth 
not." 

In  Mr.  W.  D.  Cooper's  interesting  memoir  of 
Thomas  Norton  of  Sharpenhoe,  Bedfordshire,  pre- 
fixed to  Ralph  Roister  Doister,  and  Gorhoduc 
(Shakspeare  Society,  1847),  is  the  following  note 
connected  wilh  the  subject  of  the  present  en- 
quiry :  — 

''In  the  Lansd.  MSS.,  27,  61  (1578),  is  a  pedigree  of 
the  Yorkshire  'Nortons,  the  rebels,'  of  whom  Christopher 
and  Thomas  were  executed  for  high  treason  at  Tyburn, 
27th  May,  1570.  They  were  connected  by  marriage 
with  the  Plumptons,  Mortons,  Thurlands,  Tanckerdes  of 

[*_It  is  an  entry  in  the  margin  of  an  old  Latin  Bible, 
and  is  facsimiled  in  Owen  and  Blakeway's  History  of 
Shrewsbury,  i.  375. — Ed.] 


Borough  bridge,  and  other  Roman  Catholics  of  the  North. 
They  are  of  different  blood  to  the  Nortons  of  Sharpenhoe, 
and  are  the  famils-  of  Nortons  referred  to  in  Strj-pe's  An- 
nals, vol.  ii.  part  i.,  pp.  577-8. ;  and  in  Wordsworth's 
White  Doe  of  Rylstone.  They  were  ancestors  of  Sir  Flet- 
cher Norton." 

Sampson  Davie  was  the  author  of  a  rare  tract 
of  seven  leaves,  in  verse,  entitled 

"  The  several  Confessions  of  Thomas  Norton  and  Chris- 
topher Norton,  two  of  the  Northern  Rebels,  who  suffered 
at  Tyburn,  and  were  drawn,  hanged,  and  quartered  for 
treason.  May  27  (1570).  Imprinted  by  William  How  for 
Richard  Jones." 
^  Edward  F.  RiMSAtLT. 

Terminations  in  "  -ness  "  (2"*"  S.  vii.  386.)  —  Mr. 
WiLLM.  Matthews  asked,  so  long  since  as  the  7th 
of  May  last,  whether  "  Lincolnshire  contains  any 
other  names  of  places  having  this  termination" 
except  "  Clayness  or  Cleaness,  Ness  Hundred,  and 
Skegness  ;"  and  adds  that  perhaps  I  would  have 
the  kindness  to  inform  him.  I  am  sorry  that  I 
have  laid  under  a  charge  of  a  want  of  courtesy  for 
nearly  Jive  months  ;  but  I  assure  Mr.  Matthews 
I  replied  to  his  Query  to  the  best  of  my  ability, 
in  a  communication  to  " N.  &  Q,"  nearly  four 
months  ago.  I  am  glad,  however,  thus  late  to  put 
myself  right  with  Mr.  Matthews,  and  will  repeat 
the  substance  of  my  former  reply.  I  know  of  no 
places  in  Lincolnshire  having  the  termination  of 
-ness,  except  Ness  Hundred  and  Skegness.  I 
have  never  heard  of  Clayness  or  Cleaness.  Nor  is, 
to  the  best  of  my  knowledge,  Newton  Ness  in 
Lincolnshire.  Pishey  Thompson. 

Stoke  Newington. 

Shawl  at  Leyburn :  Prisons  of  Mary  Queen  of 
Scots  (2°^  S.  viii.  248.)  — The  word  sliawl,  or 
shaul,  as  applied  to  the  lofty  natural  terrace  at 
Leyburn,  in  the  co.  of  York,  is  conjectured  by 
Mr.  Barker,  in  his  Three  Days  at  Wensleydale,  to 
be  an  abbreviation  of  Shaw-hill;  shaw  meaning 
a  wood.  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  landed  at  Work- 
ington, in  Cumberland,  on  the  16th  of  May,  1568, 
and  on  the  18th  was  conducted  to  Carlisle  Castle, 
where  she  remained  a  short  time  in  the  custody 
of  Henry,  eleventh  Lord  Scrope  of  Bolton,  War- 
den of  the  Marches;  but  Queen  Elizabeth,  fearing 
she  might  escape  to  Scotland,  directed  her  re- 
moval to  Bolton  Castle,  where  she  arrived  on  the 
13th  July  in  the  same  year.  In  this  castle  she 
was  under  the  care  of  Lord  Scrope  and  Sir 
Francis  Knollys,  till  the  end  of  Jan.  1569.  No 
written  record  appears  to  be  known,  corrobo- 
rating the  local  tradition  of  Queen  Mary's  at- 
tempted escape  from  this  castle. 

C.  J.  D.  Ingledew. 

Transmission  through  few  Links. — The  present 
Anthony  ClifFe  of  Bellcove,  co.  Wexford,  Esq., 
born  10  March,  1800,  is  only  son  of  the  late 
Major  Anthony  Clifie,  who  was  born  1 1  October, 
1734.  Y.  S.  M. 


2°'»S.  VIII.  Nov.5. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


389 


Wymondham  Bell  Inscription  (2°"^  S.  vii.  451.) — 
Some  months  since  I  examined  this  peal,  and  the 
Toscription  on  the  tenor  is,  "  tvba  ad  ivditiam 

CAMPANA    AD    ECLE8IVM    1653    TC    .    ES    .    EP    .    18    . 

CHVRCHWARDENS,"  OH  shoiilder  of  bell  i  b.  Each 
letter  is  on  a  diapered  cartouche.  I  have  not  had 
an  opportunity  to  refer  to  the  churchwardens'  ac- 
counts for  1653,  where  I  should  probably  have 
ascertained  to  whom  the  initials  1.  B.  belonged. 
Most  likely  they  are  John  Brend's,  a  Norwich 
bellfounder  from  1634  to  1658.  The  inscriptions 
on  the  other  bells  are  of  little  or  no  interest,  but 
perhaps  you  will  print  them,  as  they  are  not  ac- 
curately given  in  the  local  guide  book. 

"  1.  Thomas  Newman  of  Norwich  made  me, 
1739. 

2.  Anno  Domini,  1606,  fflSS. 

3.  John  Brend  made  me,  1638. 

4.  T.  Newman  made  me.  T.  Randall.  S. 
Proctor.     R.  Gibbs.     R.  Sewell.  C.  W.     1739." 

There  is  a  clock  bell  outside  by  the  Messrs. 
Warner,  dated  1856. 

The  tenor  weighs  (judging  from  size  and  tone) 
about  24  cwt.,  and  is  the  largest  and  finest  bell 
of  John  Brend's  that  has  come  under  my  notice. 

J.  L'ESTKANGE. 

stamp  Office,  Norwich. 

Epigram  (2"^  S.  viii.  290.)  —  The  epigram  in- 
quired for  by  Belater-Adime  is  by  Milton,  and 
will  be  found  in  the  original  Latin  in  the  "  Epi- 
grammatum  Liber,"  No.  xiii.:  — 

"  Ad  Christinam  Suecorum  Reginam,  Nomine 
Cromwelli. 
"Bellipotens  virgo,  septem  Regina  Trionum, 
Christina,  Arctoi  lucida  stella  poli! 
Cernis  quas  merui  dura  sub  Casside  rugas, 

Utque  senex,  armis  impiger,  ora  tero : 
Invia  fatorum  dum  per  vestigia  nitor, 

Exequor  et  populi  fortia  jussa  manu. 
Ast  tibi  submittit  frontem  reverentior  umbra; 
Nee  sunt  hi  vultus  regibus  usque  truces." 
The  English  version,  according  to  Todd,  ap- 
peared in  Toland's  life  of  the  poet,  fol.  1698,  p. 
39.  :— 

"  Bright  martial  maid,  qu4een  of  the  frozen  zone ! 
The  northern  pole  supports  thy  shining  throne : 
Behold  what  furrows  age  and  steel  can  plow ; 
The  helmet's  weight  oppress'd  this  wrinkled  brow. 
Through  Fate's  untrodden  paths  I  move ;  my  hands 
Still  act  my  free-born  people's  bold  commands  : 
Yet  this  stern  shade  to  you  submits  his  frowns, 
Nor  are  these  looks  always  severe  to  crowns !  " 

Query.  Who  was  the  author  of  the  translation  ?  * 

Libya. 

Poole  Family  (2°*  S.  viii.  250.)— In  all  proba- 
bility the  Rev.  Matthew  Wood,  whose  daughter 
Cecily  was  married  to  Reginald  Poole,  was  Vicar, 
not  of  Wehhenhury,  but  of  Wybunhury,  a  parish 

[*  Most  probably  by  Tolai'.d  himself,  who  states  that 
this  epigram  has  also  been  attributed  to  Andrew  Marvel. 
— Ed.J 


in  Cheshire,  not  far  from  Nantwich.  A.  M,  will 
very  likely  find  a  list  of  the  vicars  of  Wybun- 
bury  in  Ormerod's  History  of  Cheshire. 

Oxoniensis. 
[The  following  entry  occurs  in  Ormerod's  Cheshire,  iii. 
255. :    "  Matthew   Wood,    presented  to  the  Rectory  of 
Wybunbury,  22  June,  1570.— Ed.] 

Motto  (2'"»  S.  viii.  156.)  — The  motto,  "His 
Calcabo  gartos,"  as  explained  by  H.  C.  C.,  may 
find  its  origin  and  application  in  the  following 
circumstances  :  — 

After  the  voluntary  exile,  in  1607,  of  Hugh 
O'Neil,  Earl  of  Tyrone,  the  government  of  James 
1.  formed  the  design  of  extirpating  the  adherents 
of  that  chief,  and  of  planting  an  English  colony  in 
their  stead.  For  this  pilrpose  seven  of  the  native 
septs  were  dispossessed  of  their  lands,  and  ban- 
ished to  the  county  of  Kerry,  as  the  remotest 
place  from  that  of  their  birth.  (See  Moore's  HiS' 
tory  of  Ireland.)  One  of  the  septs  thus  despoiled, 
wishing  to  escape  from  the  persecution  to  which 
the  bearers  of  the  name  of  O'Neil  were  subjected, 
both  as  "  rebels  and  Papists,"  assumed  that  of 
"  Breen "  from  Braon  O'Neil,  the  head  of  the 
sept ;  and  under  that  name  they  have  continued 
since  that  period  in  different  parts  of  Kerry.  The 
present  representative  of  the  family  is  your  quon- 
dam correspondent,  Mr.  Henry  Hegart  Breen, 
Lieut.-Governor  of  St.  Lucia.  His  motto  is  "Com- 
rac  sun  ceart,"  "  Fight  for  the  right ;  "  and  the 
motto  of  the  family  that  obtained  possession  of  his 
ancestors'  estates  in  Ulster  would  be  "  His  Calcabo 
gartos,"  as  explained  at  p.  156.  W.  C. 

John  Exton  (2"^  S.  viii.  310.)  —  Was  of  Trinity 
Hall,  Cambridge;  B.A.  1619-20;  M.A.  1623; 
LL.D.  1634.  C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

Portraits  of  Archbishop  Laud  (2"^  S.  viii.  309.) 
will  be  found  at  Reading,  Berks,  in  the  Council 
Chamber.  Oxford,  St.  John's  College  and  Pic- 
ture Gallery.  Lambeth  House.  Fulham  House, 
CO.  Middlesex.  Cambridge,  Trinity  Hall  and 
Trinity  College.  Windsor,  Guildhall.  Ames- 
bury.  Ampthill.  Easton  Lodge.  Walbeck. 
Charlecot  House,  co.  Warwick.  Oulton  House, 
Cheshire.  Wentworth  House,  Yorkshire.  One 
by  Van  Dyck  in  the  Houghton  Collection.  (Vide 
Walpole's  Painters,  ii.  101.)  Wolterton  House, 
CO.  Norfolk.  Cl.  Hopper. 

Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Armagh  (2""*  S.  viii. 
12.)  — I  regret  not  having  received  any  replies  to 
these  queries,  and  I  now  repeat  them,  as  I  have 
learned  there  are  pedigrees  of  the  Cromer  family 
given  in  Berry's  Covnty  Genealogies  (Sussex), 
p.  318. ;  BiUiotheca  Topogr.  Britt.  vol.  i. ;  Play- 
fair's  British  Family  Antiquity,  vol.  iv.  pp.  14,  15. ; 
also  in  Manning's  Surrey,  vol.  iii.  As  I  have  none 
of  these  works  at  hand,  I  would  feel  obliged  by 


390 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  5.  '59. 


some  of  your  correspondents  examining  these  or 
other  works  of  a  genealogical  or  biographical 
character,  and  letting  me  know  if  they  find  any 
trace  of  this  George  Cromer,  and  of  his  appoint- 
ments previous  to  his  elevation  to  the  primacy  of 
all  Ireland,  or  indeed  any  notice  of  him. 

T.  V.  N. 

Scotch  Episcopal  Clergy  (2°*  S.  viii.  329.)  — 
Although  the  following  does  not  exactly  answer  J. 
A.  P.'s  Query,  it  will,  I  think,  be  of  service  to 
him.  It  is  copied  from  p.  39.  of  a  curious  little 
work  in  my  possession,  entitled  Plain  Reasons  for 
Presbyterian  Dissenting  from  the  Revolution  Church 
in  Scotland,  1731.  No  date,  place,  or  author's 
name :  — 

"The  author  of  the  Memoirs  of  the  Church  of  Scotland 
printed  1717,  p.  ,  informs  that  there  were  165  cu- 
rates in  the  actual  and  peaceable  possession  of  their 
Churches,  Manses,  Glebes,  and  Stipends  at  the  time  of 
the  Union,  anno  1707 ;  a  list  of  their  Names  andParishes 
where  they  lived  was  published  at  that  time." 

Query.  Does  this  list  exist  anywhere  ? 

Sigma  Theta. 

Archiepiscopal  Mitre  (2"*  S.  viii.  248.)  —  The 
answer  to  this  question  may  be  seen  in  2"**  S.  vii. 
176.  York. 

Adrian  Dee  (2'"»  S.  viii.  310.)  —Was  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge;  B.A.  1626-7;  M.A.  1630. 
C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 
Cambridge. 


fRiittWKntavii. 

NOTES    ON    BOOKS,   ETC. 

The  Works  of  George  Herbert  in  Prose  and  Verse.  2 
Vols.  8vo.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

While  the  English  language  is  spoken,  and  piety, 
sweetness,  and  charity  are  esteemed  among  men,  the 
writings  of  George  Herbert  will  be  regarded  as  one  of  our 
religious  classics.  These  writings  have  frequently  been 
reprinted,  and  as  frequently  received  fresh  blemishes  by 
the  mistakes  of  printers,  and  the  carelessness  of  editors. 
This  observation  does  not  apply,  however,  to  the  two 
handsome  volumes  which  are  now  before  us.  On  them 
Mr.  VVhittingham  has  exercised  his  typographical  skill, 
while  Mr.  Yeowell  has  collated  the  texts  with  the  early 
copies,  and  so  produced  what  may  now  fairly  be  considered 
the  standard  edition  of  George  Herbert's  Works.  Mr. 
Yeowell's  notes,  especially  those  to  the  Life,  are  much  to 
the  purpose,  and  give  good  earnest  of  the  valuable  infor- 
mation we  may  look  for  in  the  edition  of  Walton's  Lives 
which  he  has  been  so  long  engaged  upon. 

TAe  Marvellous  Adventures  and  Rare  Conceits  of  Mas- 
ter Tyll  Owlglas,  newly  collected,  chronicled,  and  set  forth 
in  our  English  Tongue,  by  Kenneth  R.  H.  Mackenzie. 
And  adorned  with  many  most  Diverting  and  Cunning  De- 
vices, by  .\lfred  Crowquill.     (Triibner  &  Co.) 

Welcome  Tyll  Rulenspiegel  in  an  English  dress !  We 
have  read  thy  merrj'  story  in  old  Murner's  crabbed  Ger- 
man, and  old  Copland's  scarcely  less  crabbed  English ; 
and  in  that  more  modern,  yet  debased  version,  printed  in 
1720,  of  a  copy  of  which  we,  like  the  late  Mr.  Douce  and 
Mr.   Mackenzie,  can  fortunately  boast  the    possession. 


We  have  thee  on  our  shelves  in  all  sorts  of  editions,  from 
the  well-thumbed  Volksbuch  to  the  edition  so  deftly  en- 
riched with  plates  from  the  pencil  of  Cornelius,  and  that 
so  learnedly  illustrated  by  the  pen  of  Dr.  Lappenberg : 
and  right  glad  are  we  to  place  beside  them  this  hand- 
some and  prettih'  illustrated  volume,  in  which  thy  story 
(exceptis  excipiendis,  for  that  is  very  needful,)  is  told  to 
English  readers  with  no  little  quaintness,  and  its  literary 
history  narrated  with  no  niggard  learning,  by  Mr.  Mac- 
kenzie. 

The  new  number  of  Bentley's  Quarterly  Review  ex- 
hibits the  same  vigour  and  power  in  its  writers  by  which 
its  predecessors  were  distinguished;  and  it  has  the  merit 
of  containing  papers  of  very  varied  interest.  France  and 
Europe,  and  Guizot's  Memoirs,  will  please  the  politician. 
The  historical  reader  is  catered  for  by  articles  on  Momm- 
sen's  History  of  Rome,  and  Capefig-ue's  Court  of  Louis  tlie 
Fifteenth.  The  man  of  science  will  read  with  interest  the 
paper  on  The  Connection  of  the  Physical  Sciences,  as  the 
antiquary  those  on  Surrey  and  Shakspeai-ian  Literature ; 
while  there  is  not  a  clubman  in  England  who  will  lay  down 
Bentley's  Quarterly  without  satisfaction  after  perusing 
the  article  on  English  Field  Sports  and  A/pine  Travellers. 

Macmillan's  Magazine,  edited  by  David  Masson,  is  a 
new  and  clever  addition  to  the  present  list  of  Monthly 
Periodicals.  Tom  Brown  at  Oxford  is  the  great  feature 
of  the  opening  number,  which  contains  many  papers  of 
great  talent.  If  Macmillan's  Magazine  is  to  be  regarded 
as  the  mouthpiece  of  Young  Cambridge,  Young  Cam- 
bridge clearly  takes  very  advanced  views  on  the  subject 
of  secular  education  and  universal  suffrage. 

Books  Received. — 

The  Naval  History  of  Great  Britain  from  the  Declara- 
tion of  War  by  France,  in  1799,  to  the  Accession  of  George 
IV.  By  William  James.  A  New  Edition  with  Addi- 
tions and  Notes.     Vols.V.^VI.     (Bentley.) 

We  have  in  these  two  volumes  the  conclusion  of  Mr. 
Bentley's  well-timed  reprint  of  a  work  to  which  every 
Englishman  may  turn  with  pride  and  satisfaction.  If  it 
be  true  that  Defoe's  Robinson  Crusoe  has  led  many  a  lad 
to  run  away  to  sea,  we  are  sure  that  the  introduction  of 
this  cheap  edition  of  James  into  our  school  libraries  may 
do  much  towards  inducing  our  boys  to  embrace  the  Navy 
as  a  profession. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PORCHA8B. 

Harrow's  Sermons.    Vol.  I.  of  the  5  Vol.  Edition.    Svo.  1823. 
•  »•  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  c«»xia(/e /ree,  to  be 
sent  to  Mkssrs.  Bkll  &   Dxldy,  Publishers  of"  NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 
Particulars  ot  Price.  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  (tentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

HoRx  Bkatissimjk  Viroinis  Mari^,  skc.  TTsum  Sarom.  Paris.  Fr. 
Regnault.     1526. 

Portifiirium  secundum  TIsum  Sahum.     Paris.     Ueenault.     1555. 

MissALA  Sarum.  4to.  Paris.  1515.  Or  any  imperfect  copies  or  frag- 
ments of  Sarum  Missals. 

Wanted  by  Jiev.  J.  C.  Jackson,  5.  Chatham  Place  East,  Hackney,  N.E. 


BiBTH  AND  Worth,  or  the  Practical  Uses  op  a  Pediorke. 
Wanted  by  G.  W.  Marshall,  Peter  House,  Cambridge. 


iJftott«S  t0  Carrc)SiJ0iTtititW. 

.  We  are  again  compelled  by  press  of  matter  and  the  demands  made  upon 
iis  by  our  advertiring friends,  to  enlarge  "  N.  &  Q. "  <o  32  pages. 

A.  M.  Sir  Bernard  Burke  is  now  Ulster  King  of-Arms,  whose  office 
is,  we  believe,  at  the  Castle,  Dublin. 

3.  L.    There  is  no  doubt  that  Milton  wrote  Paradise  Regained. 


2»i  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


391 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOyEMBER  12.  1859. 


N».  202.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :  — Dr.  John  ITewett,  Chaplain  to  Charles  I.,  by  J.  F.  N. 
He*ett,39l  —  Scott's  Novels:  George  Constable,  393—  The  Delavals, 
394  —  Cotton's  "  Typographical  Gazetteer,"  by  B.  F.  Sketchley,  395. 

Minor  Notes:  — The  Immaculate  Edition  of  Horace— Sir  K.  Digby's 
Powder—  Curious  Marriage  _  Lady  Mayoress  of  York—  Napoleon's 
Escape  from  Elba  —  Catalogues,  395. 

QUERIES :  —Jones  of  Nayland  and  the  Rev.  Geo.  "Watson,  by  J.  M. 
Quteli,396— Portrait  of  a  True  Gentleman,  397. 

Minor  Qcebiks  :  —  Arthur  Hallam's  Literary  Remains  —  Families  of 
Ross  —  William  Forth  —  Slaves  in  England  —  Precedency  —  "  The 
Clergyman's  Companion  "  —  "  The  Bill  of  Michael  Angelo"  —  "  The 
Castle  of  iEsculapius  "  — Boley  Hill,  Rochester,  &c.,397. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers  :  —  Bunyan'8  Burial-place  and  Tomb- 
stone —  Sir  Horace  Poole  —  Had  Bishop  Williams  a  Play  performed 
in  liis  House  on  a  Sunday?— Pliny's  Chapter  on  Gems  and  Precious 
Stones  —  Public  Sale  of  Library  in  1810  —  Richard  Bernard,  400. 

REPLIES:  — Last  Wolf  in  Scotland,  402— The  Early  Editions  of 
Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  by  Dr.  Rimbault,  &e. ,  40S  —  Italian  Music  in 
England, by  W.  H.  Husk,  401  — Efford,  by  R.  S.  Charnock,  Ac,  406  — 
Seven  Dates  wanted,  by  James  Elmes,  &c.,i6. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries: — Judge's  Black  Cap  —  Stamford  Hill  — 
Do  Horses  tremble  when  they  see  a  Camel  —  Original  of  the  Faust 
Legends  —  Liberavi  animam  meara  —  Duchess  of  Marlborough  — 
Thomas  Maude  —  The  Wren  Song  — Jacob  Chaloner — Vulgates  of 
1482-4  —  Carriage  Boot  —  Hammer  Cloth  —  Bulse,  Stc,  406. 


DB.  JOHN   HEWETT,    CHAPLAIN    TO    CHARLES    I. 

An  antiquarian  friend,  a  contributor  of  much 
valuable  matter  to  the  pag§s  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  hav- 
ing requested  me  to  furnish  him  with  a  biogra- 
phical sketch  of  this  eminent  martyred  divine,  I, 
in  endeavouring  to  comply  with  the  wish  ex- 
pressed by  my  correspondent,  having  discovered 
a  considerable  mass  of  interesting  information  — 
interesting  because  the  life  of  this  once  celebrated 
preacher  was  so  intimately  connected  with  the 
death  of  Cromwell,  and  of  his  favourite  daughter, 
Elizabeth  Claypole  ;  because  the  tale  itself  com- 
prehends the  elements  of  a  romance  ;  and  because, 
being  the  story  of  a  Merchant  Taylors'  schoolboy 
of  yore  who  rose  to  eminence,  it  must  possess  in- 
terest to  all  who  have  been  educated  there ;  and 
because  It  displays  the  mould  in  which  the  "  po- 
pular preacher"  of  bygone  days  was  cast  —  and 
every  particular  appearing  to  me  equally  worthy 
of  record,  I  did  not  know  what  to  omit  so  as  to 
confine  myself  to  the  limit  of  a  mere  sketch,  and  I 
therefore  have  come  to  the  conclusion  that,  if  the 
Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q."  shall  deem  this  Note  to  pos- 
sess sufficient  public  interest  to  entitle  it  to  ap- 
pear in  the  pages  of  that  periodical,  I  cannot  do 
better  than  to  submit  the  compilation  for  publi- 
cation ;  by  which  means  I  afford  my  correspon- 
dent an  opportunity  to  select  and  abridge  for 
himself,  and  add  the  paper  to  my  former  contri- 
butions (2"<i  S.  vi.  246.  294.  331.  465.)  relating  to 
the  Hewett  family. 

John  Huet,  Hewit,  Hewyt,  or  Hewett  —  as  the 
same  name  was  in  early  times  variously  spelled  — 
was  the  son  of  "  Thomas  Hewitt  of  Eccles,  Lane," 
as  appears  by  an  Inscription  on  his  portrait  in  the 


family  gallery  belonging  to  Wm.  J.  Legh,  Esq.,* 
Lyme  Park,  Disley  Stockport,  Cheshire,  men- 
tioned by  Lysons,  Mag.  Brit.  (1818),  vol.  ii.  part 
II.,  and  in  Ormerod's  Cheshire ;  but  with  regard 
to  his  paternity,  although  I  have  carefully  searched 
every  available  record,  and  though  I  find,  among 
Eccles.  Par.  Reg.  and  transcripts,  that  a  Thomas 
Hewett,  Hewitt,  or  Huet  (as  the  name  of  the  same 
Individual  is  given)  did  exist  about  the  period 
that  would  entitle  him  to  be  considered  the  father 
of  this  John,  and  that  he  had  several  children, 
yet  I  am  unable  to  discover  among  the  entries  re- 
lating to  his  progeny  the  registry  of  the  baptism 
of  this  the  future  divine.  However,  the  discrep- 
ancy may  be  accounted  for  by  the  Infamous  man- 
ner In  which  these  invaluable  records  have  been 
mutilated  and  maltreated,  and  the  irregularity 
with  which  transcripts  were  sent  In,  and  the  cul- 
pable carelessness  with  which,  when  transmitted, 
they  have  been  treated  :  nevertheless,  I  learn  from 
the  Rev.  C.  J.  Robinson  that,  among  the  registers 
of  persons  educated  at  Merchant  Taylors'  School, 
his  name  —  Identified  in  the  manner  the  reader 
will  presently  perceive  —  occurs,  and  that  It  states 
he  was  born  Srd  Jan.  1604.  The  Thomas  Huet, 
or  Hewitt,  of  Eccles,  who  must  have  been  his 
father,  appears  to  have  followed  the  trade,  so  com- 
monly adopted  by  the  cadets  of  the  house  of  that 
name,  that  of  the  Clothworkers ;  and  as  this  seems 
to  have  been  the  "  family  profession,"  we  may 
justly  assume,  taking  into  consideration  other  evi- 
dence to  be  adduced  hereinafter,  he  was  descended 
from  the  ancient  family  settled  at  Killamarch, 
Derby,  or  Wales,  York  —  both  of  which  houses 
sprung  from  the  same  stock — are  deduced  from 
Kent,  and  from  whom  descended  the  Hewetts  of 
Pishiobury  Hall,  Herts ;  Hewetts  of  Stretton 
Hall,  Leicester ;  of  Headley  Hall,  York ;  of  Bil- 
ham  Hall,  York  ;  and  of  Shire- oaks  Park,  Notts. ; 
the  representatives  of  all  of  which  were  during 
the  troublesome  times  alike  distinguished  for 
loyalty  and  devotion  to  their  unfortunate  or  exiled 
monarch.  (Robt.  Hewet,  of  Ampthill,  Esq.,  sum- 
moned before  Parliament,  23rd  Dec.  1641,  for 
assembling  and  training  men  for  the  service  of 
Charles  Stuart,  Jour.  H.  Commons,  vol.  I.  p.  354. ; 
Sir  John  Hewet,  of  Headley  Hall  and  Worsely, 
Bart.,  fined  and  imprisoned,  lb.  vol.  iii.  p.  15., 
Jan.  10th,  1644 ;  and  a  letter  exists  written  by 
Prince  Rupert  to  Sir  Thos.  Hewett  of  Pishiobury.) 

The  register  of  Merchant  Taylors'  School  like- 
wise records  he  was  of  Pemb.  Coll.,  Camb. ;  in- 
corporated of  Oxford  in  1643;  beheaded  by 
Cromwell,  thereby  identifying  the  individual. 

He  was  minister  of  St.  Gregory's,  near  St 
Paul's;  and  in  character  was  "rather"  (Thur- 
loe's  State  Papers,  vol.  I,  p.  712.)  "a  Tully  than  a 
Catiline," — a  man  who  "  hath  great  Influence  in 

*  Information  supplied  by  himself, 


392 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°*S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.'69. 


the  City  and  County,  very  orthodox,  and  to 
•whose  church  they  of  the  king's  party  frequently 
resort."  (lb.)  He  was  the  author  of  the  Soules 
Conflict,  published  for  H.  Broome,  1661,  8vo. 
(Keunett,  Register  and  Chronicle  (mdccxxvii), 
p.  349. ;  Fu.sti  Oxon.,  vol.  ii.  col.  723.)  ;  and  also 
other  works. 

He  married  "  Lady  Mary  Bertie  (5.),  daughter 
of  Robert,  1st  Earl  of  Lindsey"  (inscription  on 
portrait)  "  and  sister  to  the  gallant  lord  who  died 
fighting  for  the  king  at  Edghill."  (Lord  Somers's 
Tracts,  by  Scott,  vol.  iii.  p.  484.  note.) 

He  became  Chaplain  to  Cbas.  L  (inscription  on 
portrait  and  other  sources)  ;  and  his  loyalty  to  his 
son  Chas.  II.  brought  him  into  disrepute  with 
"that  tyrant  O.  Cromwell"  (Dugdale)  ;  and  as, 
says  the  same  authority  {Troubles  in  England, 
A.D.  1658,  MDCCLXxxi,  p.  456.),  "  it  being  once 
more  expedient  to  renew  those  terrors  to  the  peo- 
ple, he  (Oliver)  caused  his  bloody  theatre,  called 
the  High  Court  of  Justice,  to  be  again  erected  in 
Westminster  Hall ;  where,  for  the  mere  formali- 
ties sake,  the  persons  whom  he  did  deign  for  de- 
struction were  brought— the  one  Dr.  John  Hewet, 
D.D.,  a  reverend  divine ;  Sir  Harry  Slingsby, 
Peter  Legh,  and  others,"  1st  June,  1658. 

Here,  before  Lord  President  Lisle,  he  was  in- 
dicted, that  he  "  minding  and  intending  to  em- 
broil the  commonwealth  in  new  and  intestine 
wars,  &c.,  did,  together  with  divers  persons,  trai- 
torously, and  advisedly,  and  maliciously  hold 
intelligence  and  correspondence  with  Charles 
Stuart."  {State  Trials.)  "  The  prisoner  sitting 
covered  while  his  impeachment  was  being  read, 
the  Lord  President  commanded  hia  hat  to  be 
taken  off"."  {lb.) 

The  prisoner  then  demanded  to  be  allowed 
counsel  who  should  conduct  his  case,  but  this 
right  was  of  course  refused  by  the  "  bloody  theatre 
called  the  Court  of  Justice."  When  called  upon 
to  plead  guilty  o^  not  guilty,  the  staunch  old 
Cavalier,  who  would  not  take  off"  his  hat  to  a 
court  not  convened  by  his  rightful  king,  stoutly 
contested  the  power  and  right  of  any  court  not 
commissioned  by  the  monarch  of  England,  to  sit 
in  judgment  upon  him,  and  demanded,  by  5  &  6 
E(iw.  VI.,  trial  by  jury.  He  supported  his  rights 
by  arguments  which  displayed  considerable  legal 
acumen  and  great  skill,  but  his  pleas,  of  course, 
availed  nothing.  Being  repeatedly  challenged  to 
plead  guilty  or  not  guilty,  he  finally  persisted  in 
his  refusal  to  recognise  the  authority  of  the  court, 
and  obstinately  rejected  compliance,  repeatedly 
declaring,  "  I  would  rather  die  ten  thousand 
deaths,  than  I  will  be  guilty  of  giving  up  my  fel- 
low freemen's  liberties  and  privileges,"  until  at 
length  the  court,  wearied  with  his  steady  courage, 
cried,  "  Take  him  away  ;  take  him  away ! "  {State 
Trials.) 

He  was  condemned  to  suflfer  death,  and  ex- 


hibited a  written  plea  and  demurrer  (given  at 
length  in  State  Trials),  the  composition  of  which 
evinces  even  greater  skill  and  legal  knowledge 
than  is  displayed  in  his  speeches. 

While  lying  under  sentence  of  death,  his  wife, 
"  Lady  Mary  Huet,  and  his  friends"  (as  says  the 
author  of  the  fourth  part  of  The  History  of  Indepen- 
dence) "  used  engagements,  persuasions,  and  money, 
and  the  deep,  continued,  and  earnest  entreaties  of 
Mrs.  Claypole  —  Cromwell's  best  beloved  daugh- 
ter "  —  could  not  soften  the  Protector's  obdurate 
heart;  " but,"  proceeds  Dugdale,  "it concerning  him 
(Cromwell)  at  that  time  so  much  in  point  of  policy 
to  sacrifice  some  for  a  terror  to  others,  neither  the 
incessant  supplications  of  Mrs.  (or  Lady  Eliza- 
beth) Claypole,  nor  tears  could  prevail  ;"  for,  says 
the  axithor  first  quoted,  "  so  inexorable  continued 
he,  that,  like  the  deaf  adder,  he  stopped  his  ears 
to  the  charmer,  charm  he  never  so  wisely  or  so 
well ;  at  wliich  unheard-of  cruelty,  and  for  that 
Dr.  Hewett's  lady  was  (as  was  said)  with  child, 
Mrs.  Claypole  took  such  excessive  grief,  that  she 
suddenly  fell  sick,  the  increase  of  her  sickness 
making  her  rave  in  a  most  lamentable  manner, 
calling  out  against  her  father  for  Hewet's  blood, 
and  the  like ;  the  violence  of  which  extravagant 
passions,  working  upon  her  great  weakness  of 
body,  carried  her  (6th  Aug.  1658)  into  another 
world."  See  also  Dugdale,  Whitelocke's  Memoirs, 
and  Peck's  Desiderata  Curiosa  (1779),  vols.  i.  and 
ii.  p.  538. 

But  the  Protector's  vindictive  cruelty  happily 
reacted  upon  himself:  for  not  only  did  it  cause 
the  death  of  his  daughter,  but  "her  reproaches 
on  her  death-bed  soon  after  are  said  to  have 
deeply  affected  him,  and  disturbed  his  peace  of 
mind."  {Lives  of  Eminent  and  Illustrious  English- 
men, by  Cunningham,  1838,  vol.  ii.  partii.  p.  445. ; 
also.  Clarendon,  Bulstrode.)  It  is  well  known 
that  Cromwell  never  recovered  his  daughter's  death, 
and  that  her  reproaches,  and  his  own  guilty  con- 
science, wounded  him  deeply  ;  and  this  presents  a 
remarkable  instance  in  which  the  commission  of  a 
crime  has,  by  means  of  retributive  justice,  reacted 
on  the  offender  —  who  in  this  case  was  pierced 
by  the  arrow  he  unjustly  pointed  at  one  whose 
greatest  crime  was  not  attempted  assassination,  but 
fidelity  to  his  king.  Had  Cromwell  listened  to  the 
prayers  preferred  by  his  daughter,  she  would  not 
probably  at  that  period  have  been  seized  with 
fatal  illness ;  and  had  she  not  died  with  her  mouth 
filled  with  reproaches,  he  would  not  have  been 
rendered  a  miserable  broken-hearted  man,  nor 
have  gone  to  the  grave  so  early.  Thus  Dr.  Hewett 
by  his  martyrdom  was  the  unconscious  weapon 
by  means  of  which  the  world  was  ridded  of  a 
tyrant,  and  at  one  blow  heaven  avenged  the  crime 
of  murder,  and  the  more  venal  sin  of  usurpation. 

Dr.  John  Hewett  was  executed  on  Tower  Hill 
(MS.  account,  Brit.  Mus,  Add.  11,043.)  8th  June, 


2n<i  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


393 


1658:  "suffering,"  says  Dugdale,  "with  great 
equanimity;"  and  his  speech  on  the  scaffold,  and 
also  his  letter  written  7th  June,  1658,  the  night 
before  his  execution,  to  Dr.  Wilde*,  and  which  was 
read  at  his  funeral,  are  fine  specimens  of  eloquence, 
nervous  English  composition,  and  pious  resigna- 
tion. His  widow,  "  Lady  Mary  Huet,  on  Monday, 
14th  Feb.  1658,  petitioned  the  Grand-committee 
of  the  whole  House  for  grievance  against  the  High 
Court  of  Justice  for  unjustly  taking  away  her 
husband's  life."  (Lord  Somers'  Tracts,  by  Scott, 
vol.  vi.  p.  484. ;  Proceedings  of  Parliament ;  State 
Trials ;  and  Journal  of  House  of  Commons.) 

The  murder  of  this  worthy  gentleman  and  right 
loyal  Cavalier  caused  great  sensation.  A  mourn- 
ing ring,  inscribed  "  Herodes  necuit  Johannem," 
was  worn  by  the  king's  party  (Kennett's  Register 
and  Chronicle,  mdccxxvii.,  p.  373. ;  and  List  of 
Royal  Martyrs).  An  oration  was  delivered  on 
the  occasion  of  his  funeral,  and  a  curious  Elegy, 
a  printed  broadside,  is  still  extant. 

He  left  a  widow,  and,  I  think,  five  children; 
but  on  this  uncertain  point,  perhaps  some  of  the 
readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  would  assist  me  by  search- 
ing the  parish  register  of  St.  Gregory's  in  ex- 
change for  any  information  from  this  country. 
His  widow  subsequently  married  the  gallant  Sir 
Abraham  Shipman,  Governor  of  Chester  for  the 
king.  Of  his  arms  too,  owing  to  the  exorbitant 
charges  made  by  the  heralds,  which  charges  pre- 
clude such  extensive  searches  as  mine  would  be, 
I  know  nothing ;  whether  borne  by  descent,  or 
obtained  by  grant.  Neither  am  I  aware  what  de- 
scendants he  left  beyond  the  following  extract 
from  the  Deanery  of  Doncaster  (vol.  i.),  that  a 
Rev.  Mr.  Hewett  (two  others  of  the  name  suc- 
ceeded him),  who  held  the  rectory  of  Harthill, 
(near  Wales,  York,  the  seat  of  the  Hewets,  and 
formerly  the  property  of  Sir  William  Hewett, 
Knt.,  obiit  1566,  from  whom  it  passed  by  an 
heiress  to  the  ducal  house  of  Osborne,)  was 
"grandson  to  Dr.  Hewitt,  Chaplain  to  King  Chas. 
I.,  and  who  married  a  sister  of  the  Earl  of  Lynd- 
say,  who  was  father  to  the  first  Duchess  of  Leeds" 
(the  mother  of  the  first  duke  was  a  Hewett). 
"  Dr.  Hewett  was  beheaded  by  Cromwell ;  his 
son  John  Hewett,  father  of  the  first  Mr.  Hewett, 
of  Harthill,  was  a  Barbadoes  merchant  (Qu.  Bar- 
badoes  proprietor,  having  been  expelled  by  Crom- 
well, and,  like  so  many  loyalists,  rewarded  by 
grants  of  land  in  the  West  Indies  ?).  The  last  of 
the  three  rectors  succeeded  by  virtue  of  entails 
made  by   Sir  Thomas  Hewett   to  the  beautiful 


[*  Dr.  Hewett's  letter  to  Dr.  Wilde  is  printed  in  Wil- 
son's History  of  the  Merchant  Taylors'  School,  p.  762. 
The  Ashmolean  MS.,  781.,  pp.  155-6.,  contains  "  An  Elegie 
upon  the  Death  of  Seccretarie  Wynwood,  whoe  deceased 
the  26  of  October,  1617:  'Stay  heere  thou  walking 
flesh  that  pasest  by.'"  It  is  subscribed  "D.  Heuit,"— 
Ed.] 


estate  of  Shire-oaks,  a  few  miles  distant  from 
Harthill :"  and,  as  the  family  of  Shire-oaks  were 
undoubtedly  descended  from  the  ancient  stock,  it 
would  seem  as  though  this  Dr.  Hewett  had  been 
connected  with  that  family,  and  that  his  descend- 
ants had  succeeded  in  due  course  of  time  through 
lapse  of  direct  heirs.  J.  F.  N.  Hewett. 

Tyr  Mab  Ellis,  Pont  y  Pridd,  Glamorgan. 


scott's  novels  :  geokge  constable. 

The  position  held  by  the  writings  of  Sir  Walter 
Scott  in  the  world  of  letters  has  been  the  subject 
of  much  dispute,  for  although  all  are  inclined  to 
give  them  a  high  place  therein,  it  is  but  natural 
that  some  of  us  should  put  on  them  a  much 
greater  comparative  value  than  others.  While 
with  a  large  number  the  poems  rank  as  second 
only  to  those  of  Homer,  there  are  many  who  put 
them  below  those  of  Byron  and  Coleridge.  Con- 
cerning the  novels  there  is  a  much  greater  degree 
of  unanimity.  Every  one  who  has  got  eyes,  ears, 
or  imagination,  admits  their  marvellous  truthful- 
ness and  their  wonderful  picturesqueness  of  de- 
tail. It  has  been  said,  and  I  think  truly,  for  the 
matter  is  incapable  of  proof,  that  Scott's  novels 
have  had  more  readers,  during  the  last  five-and- 
twenty  years  than  any  other  works,  except,  per- 
haps, Robinson  Crusoe  and  I'ke  Pilgrim's  Pro- 
gress. It  is  certain  that  but  one  other  man  was 
ever  born  in  this  island  who,  on  account  of  his 
literary  fame  only,  has  attached  such  universal 
interest  to  his  life  and  actions.  Stratford  Church 
and  Dryburgh  Abbey  alone,  of  all  our  British 
shrines,  attract  more  than  a  solitary  pilgrim.  Of 
the  life  of  him  who  sleeps  in  the  chancel  of  the 
old  Warwickshire  market  town,  notwithstanding 
the  diligence  of  the  wise  and  the  foolish,  the 
learned  and  the  ignorant,  little  has  been  re- 
covered ;  of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  on  the  other  hand, 
we  possess,  with  perhaps  one  exception,  the  best 
biography  in  the  English  language.  The  com- 
mentators have  done  little  for  his  memory,  the 
reverence  and  affection  of  one  who  knew  him  and 
loved  him  well,  has  more  than  supplied  their  place. 
Of  this  great  writer's  cast  of  mind  and  mode  of 
thought  we  know  sufficient  to  be  able  to  compre- 
hend clearly  almost  every  doubtful  passage  or  ques- 
tionable statement  to  be  found  in  his  pages ;  indeed, 
probably  no  author  ever  lived  whose  works  contain 
so  little  that  needs  annotation  ;  and  this  fact  is  so 
self-evident,  that  even  the  bookmakers  —  a  race 
by  no  means  quick  of  perception  —  have  for  the 
most  part  kept  their  hands  off  him.  I  am  not 
sure,  indeed,  whether  this  absence  of  comment 
has  not  been  carried  a  little  farther  than  wisdom 
warrants.  A  large  number  of  Sir  Walter's  novels 
relate  to  periods  concerning  which  he  drew  his 
materials,  not  from  written  or  printed  history, 


394 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t^nd  s,  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '59. 


not  even  from  obscure  traditions,  but  from  the 
narratives  and  characters  of  those  who  had  lived 
and  acted  in  the  times  and  scenes  he  portrays. 
Nine  at  least  of  those  fictions,  and  among  them 
some  of  the  earliest  and  best  in  the  collection, 
relate  to  periods  within  the  memory  of  persons 
with  whom  the  author  was  on  intimate  terms  of 
friendship ;  and  it  is  these  that  most  require,  not 
notes  in  the  ordinary  sense  of  the  word,  but 
rather  appendices  of  illustrative  facts  and  anec- 
dote. Nothing  is  now  to  be  gained  from  tradi- 
tion concerning  the  era  of  the  Crusades  or  the 
Reformation  ;  little  as  to  Montrose's  wars  or  the 
dark  days  of  which  the  great  Viscount  Dundee  is 
the  hero ;  but  of  the  subsequent  time  it  is  pro- 
bable that  much  remains  to  be  told,  not  indeed 
perhaps  of  a  nature  to  change  our  views  of  the 
history  of  the  great  struggle  then  taking  place,  or 
of  the  characters  of  the  notable  persons  engaged 
on  either  side ;  but  rather  of  such  a  kind  as  to 
throw  light  on  the  interesting  events  of  the  every- 
day life  of  the  century,  and  on  the  actions  and 
characters  of  those  concerning  whom,  though  his- 
tory as  it  is  yet  written  Is  silent,  there  is  very 
much  worthy  of  being  known.  I  should  not 
despair  were  I  a  Scottish  antiquary  (notwith- 
standing the  recent  valuable  works  on  the  social 
and  domestic  history  of  that  land)  of  producing 
an  appendix  to  the  modern  novels  which  the 
reader,  when  he  had  laid  down  the  former,  would 
be  glad  to  take  up.  Something  has  already  been 
done  in  this  way,  but  a  man  of  true  antiquarian 
spirit  and  a  mind  not  above  the  drudgery  of  com- 
pilation might  do  much  more.  For  instance, 
many  readers  would  like  to  know  somewhat  more 
than  they  have  hitherto  been  told  as  to  the  per- 
sons who,  under  other  names,  have  received  im- 
mortality in  Sir  Walter's  pages.  One  feels  a 
strong  personal  interest  in  the  author's  old  friend, 
George  Constable,  Esq.  of  Wallace- Craigie,  the 
original  of  Jonathan  Oldbuck  of  Monkbarns. 
Could  not  some  one  furnish  us  with  a  few  anec- 
dotes of  his  life  and  manners  ?  Had  he  a  sister,  a 
niece,  or  a  nephew  ?  Did  he  rail  at  woman-kind  ? 
Does  there  exist  a  picture  of  his  house,  or  a  like- 
ness of  himself,  and  was  he,  like  the  shadowy 
Monkbarns,  a  correspondent  of  the  Gentlemaris 
Magazine  ? 

«  Tell  us !  Tell  all ;  of  his  habiliments, 
Their  make ;  his  stature  and  his  speech ; 
The  where  he  kept  his  gloves  and  walking-stick, 
And  whether  the  sweet  sound  of  infant  voices 
Soothed  or  oppressed  him." 

It  would  be  well  too,  in  a  work  such  as  I  describe, 
to  point  out  those  mistakes  which,  though  by  no 
means  blame-worthy  in  an  accomplished  anti- 
quary of  the  period  when  Scott  flourished,  modern 
research  proved  to  be  so.  Thus  not  to  wander 
from  the  novel  above  quoted,  in  the  description 
of  the  discovery  of  Misticot's  tomb  (chap,  xxiii.), 


the  date  of  which  seems  to  have  been  about  a.d. 
1200,  the  efligy  is  made  to  bear  the  Knockwin- 
nock  arms  quarterly  with  those  of  Wardour,  with 
the  baton  sinister,  a  mark  of  illegitimacy,  ex- 
tended diagonally  through  both  coats  of  the  shield. 
It  is  now  well  known  that  the  practice  of  quar- 
tering arms  is  of  a  date  later  by  many  years  than 
that  of  the  fabled  Misticot,  and  that  the  use  of 
the  baton  sinister  as  a  mark  of  bastardy  did  not 
come  into  practice  till  the  decline  of  heraldry 
had  begun.  K.  P.  D.  E. 


THE    BELAVALS. 

The  Delavals,  of  Seaton  Delaval,  were  one  of 
the  most  distinguished  families  in  the  north,  claim- 
ing descent  from  a  companion  in  arms  and  cousin 
of  the  Conqueror.  Sir  Ralph  Delaval,  who  mar- 
ried Lady  Anne  Leslie,  daughter  of  the  Earl  of 
Leven,  was  created  a  baronet  at  the  Restoration, 
and  was  succeeded  by  his  sons  Sir  Ralph  and  Sir 
John,  neither  of  whom  left  issue  male,  and  the 
baronetcy  became  extinct.  The  later  Delavals 
were  descended  from  Sir  John  Delaval  of  Dis- 
sington,  a  younger  brother  of  the  first  baronet's 
grandfather ;  and  I  would  be  glad  to  know  how 
they  came  into  possession  of  the  family  estates. 
Sir  Egerton  Brydges,  in  his  continuation  of  Col- 
lins's  Peerage,  says  that  Francis  Blake  Delaval 
succeeded  collaterally  as  chief  heir-male,  but  this 
is  surely  incorrect.  The  last  baronet  by  his  will, 
which  was  proved  in  1729,  left  all  he  had  to  leave 
to  his  friend  Elizabeth  Poole.  Now  it  must  have 
been  during  his  lifetime  that  Admiral  George  De- 
laval, of  the  Dissington  branch,  who  died  in  1723, 
commenced  the  erection  of  that  splendid  struc- 
ture, designed  by  Sir  John  Vanbrugh — the  ruined 
walls  of  which,  scathed  by  fire,  alone  remain  to 
attest  its  original  grandeur  and  magnificence  — 
and  directed  the  completion  of  it  by  his  nephew 
Francis  Blake  Delaval,  whose  armorial  bearings, 
Delaval  quartering  Blake,  are  conspicuously  dis- 
played on  the  northern  front.  Moreover,  Edward 
Delaval  of  Dissington,  elder  brother  of  the  ad- 
miral, and  father  of  Francis  Blake  Delaval,  who 
survived  until  1740,  when  he  died  at  a  very  ad- 
vanced age,  would  have  had  a  prior  claim  to 
either  of  them.  I  presume,  therefore,  that  the 
admiral,  who,  probably  during  his  embassies  to 
Portugal  and  Morocco  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Anne,  accumulated  a  considerable  fortune,  must 
have  purchased  the  estates  from  the  last  baronet, 
whose  residence  was  at  any  rate  during  the  latter 
part  of  his  life  at  Seaton  Lodge,  and  bequeathed 
them  to  his  nephew,  who  became,  on  the  death  of 
his  father,  but  not  till  then,  the  representative  of 
this  ancient  family.  E.  H.  A. 


2'»'i  8.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '59.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


395 


cotton's   *' TYPOGBAPHICAIi   GAZETTEER. 

Perhaps  the  following  Notes  may  be  considerea 
of  sufficient  interest  for  insertion  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
My  copy  of  the  Gazetteer  (2nd  edit.)  was  Dr. 
Bliss's,  and  contains  a  few  cuttings  from  cata- 


logues and  MS.  additions.  I  shall  be  glad  if  room 
can  be  found  in  some  future  number  for  a  list  of 
a  few  place*  where  printing  has  been  carried  on, 
not  mentioned  in  Dr.  Cotton's  admirable  book. 

K.  F.  Sketchley, 
Newark. 


Abbatis  Villa  (Abbe- 
ville). 


Amheralft 
heira). 


(Am- 
Berolinum  (Berlin). 


Brixia  (Breschla). 

Camerinum   (Came- 

rino). 
Hailbruna       (Hail- 

brun). 
Iscar  Damnoniornm 

(Exeter). 

Labacum  (Laybach). 

LandesButa    (Land- 
Bhut). 


Lucerna  Ilel  vetiorum 
(Lucerne). 


Mons-Pessiilanus 

(Montpclier). 
Kipa  (Itipen). 


Boncilio    (Roncigli- 
one). 

Siracusa  (Syracuse). 

Todi. 

XJlma  (XJlm). 


Valentinianas    (Va- 
lenciennes). 


Earliest  Date  in 
Cotton. 


1486.  A  French  trans- 
lation of  "  City  of 
God,"  according  to 
Panzer. 

1612. 


U73.   A  Latin  Ter»ion 
of  Phalaris. 
1575. 

1633. 

1668. 

1578. 
1514. 


1472.  "An  edition  of 
the  Decamerone  is 
considered  to  be  the 
first  book  executed 
here." 

1650. 

1508.  "AworkbyKa- 
natus,  Bishop  of  Wi- 
borg,  was  executed 
here  by  Matheus 
Brand.  No  other 
Bipen  specimen  is 
known." 

1620. 


1820. 
1655. 


Earlier  Date 
ascertained. 


1473. 
1523. 

1478. 
1645. 

1575. 
1513. 

1472  or  1473? 


1816. 
1627. 


Title,  *c.  of  Books  with  earlier 
Date. 


Boutillier,  la  Somme  Rural. 


Dibreadii,  in  Arithmeticam  Ra- 
tionalium  Eucli  dis  Demonstratio. 

in  Arithmeticam  Irra- 

tionaliutn  Demonstratio,  &c. 

A  German  Service  Book^ssued  by 
Joachim  the  Second.  Elector  of 
Brandenburg,  on  embracing  the 
Lutheran  Religion. 

Virgilii  Opera. 

Maximi  (Faciflci)  Elegise,  &c. 

An  edition  of  Pomponius  Mela. 

Good  Thoughts  in  Bad  Times,  by 
T.  Fuller,  D.D. 

Khisl,  Vila  ct  Mors  Herbardi 
Aurspergy  Baronis,  &c. 


Speculum  Vitse  Humana;. 


Paduani  (Petri)  Expositio  Pro- 
blematum  Aristotelis.  Printed 
by  J.  de  Putzbach. 


Varandaci,  De  Affectibus  Rcnum, 
Monspessvli  ? 

A  work  on  the  Danish  laws  in 
Latin  and  Danish,  by  Kanutus, 
Bishop  of  "Wiborg,  the  printer 
bein^  the  same  Matheus  Brand, 
la  this  the  same  book  as  the  one 
Dr.  Cotton  considered  unique  ? 

Rappresentatione  del  Re  Superbo. 


Cirninelli  Cardone,  R  sbandita 
sopra  la  Potenza  d'Amore. 

Vocabularium  Latino  Teutonicum, 
sine  loco  etannosed  Ulmae  typis. 
L.  Hohenwang,  ant^  1469. 


Les  Chanchons  Georgines  faittes 
par  Georges  Chastelain  (im- 
primci!s  Jl  vallanchienncs  de  par 
Jehan  de  Liege  demorant  devant 
le  convent  de  St.  Pol). 


Authority  for  earlier  Date. 


Libri  Cataloene,  No.  413.,  "The  earliest 
work  printed  at  Abbeville." 


Idem,  No.  827. 


Idem,  No.  421.    The  printer,  Johan  Weis. 

"  His  first  publication  in  Berlin,  and  the 

earliest  book  known  to  be  printed  in  that 

city." 
Idem,  No.  2765.   "  The  first  book  printed 

at  Brescia." 
Idem,  No.  1590. 

Dibdin,  Introduction  to  Classics,  ii.  355. 

Lowndes  (Bohn's  edition),  ill.  p.  848.  "  The 
first-fruits  of  the  Exeter  press,  as  Fuller 
himself  informs  us." 

Thorpe's  Catalogue,  1833,  Part  iv.  No.  3352. 
(inserted  in  Cotton  by  Dr.  Bliss). 

According  to  a  Catalogue  of  Kerslake's 
(1859,  No.  4412.),  Panzer  in  his  Supple- 
ment records  two  books  printed  by  Joan 
Weyssenburger  in  1513. 

Edwards,  Memoirs  of  Libraries,  ii.  p.  500. 
"  In  the  Public  Library  at  Geneva  is 
'Speculum  VitaB  humanan,'  printed  in  the 
Canton  of  Lucerne  in  1472  or  1473." 

Willis  and  Sotherau's  Catalogue,  June, 
1859. 


Kerslake's  Catalogue,  1859,  No.  4900. 

Libri  Catalogue,  No.  1346.  "  The  only  edi- 
tion known  to  Brunet  was  that  printed  at 
Copenhagen  in  1508." 


Libri  Catalogue,  No.  2277.  See  also  Nog. 
2268.  and  2276.  for  "  Bapresentazione," 
printed  at  the  same  place  m  1613. 

Accordinjt  to  a  MS.  note  in  Dr.  Cotton's 
handwriting. 

Libri  Catalogue,  No.  684.  "  In  this  scarce 
and  curious  Poem  the  letter  B  is  entirely 
omitted." 

Libri  Catalogue,  No.  2786.  "For  an  ac- 
count of  this  curious  early  Dictionary, 
see  Hassler,  'Historia  Ulma;  Typogra- 
phica,'  where  he  proves  that  Hohenwang 
was  the  first  printer  at  XJlm,  and  that  this 
work  was  printed  by  him  before  1469." 

"[No  date,  but  the  date  is  from  1499  to 
1500]."  A  cutting,  inserted  by  Dr.  Bliss, 
from  "  Le  Voleur  "  of  Oct.  1836,  gives  this 
information,  and  adds  as  follows:  "The 
first  book  ever  printed  at  Valenciennes, 
and  which  is  at  the  same  time  the  oldest 
specimen  of  typography  known  in  the 
north  of  France,  has  just  arrived  in 
France  from  England.  It  was  at  one 
time  sold  in  London  for  61.  8».,  and  at  the 
sale  of  Bishop  Heber's  books  it  fetched 
18f." 


The  Immaculate  Edition  of  Horace  (Glasg.  1744, 
12mo.,  Foulis.)  —  Dibdin  has  given  {Introd.  to 
Classics,  4th  ed.  n.  109.)  a  list  of  errata  furnished 
by  Mr.  Pickering.  One  of  these  does  not  occur 
in  my  copy  ;  the  a  in  natus,  at  p.  128.  line  29.,  not 
being  inverted.  But  the  following  may  be  added:  — 


Page  35.  LIB.  I.  for  LIB.  II. ;  59.  Od.  xv.  1.  13. 
Zanae  for  Zanae ;  55.  0(i  ix.  1.  18.,  aeneo  for 
aeneo;  48.  Od.  iv.  1.  15.  and  16.  printed  of  equal 
instead  of  unequal  length  ;  53.  Od.  x.  1.  15.  and 
16.  ditto.  Joseph  Rix. 

Sir  K.  Digby's  Powder.  —  Is  the  following 
worth  noting  ?    I  was  not  aware  myself  before 


396 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»a  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '59. 


that  the  *'  Sympathetic  Powder "  had  ever  been 
prepared  for  the  public :  — 

"  These  are  to  give  notice,  that  Sir  Kenelm  Digbie's 
Sympathetica!  Powder  prepar'd  b\' Promethean  fire,  curing 
all  greea  wounds  that  come  within  the  compass  of  a  re- 
medy ;  and  likewise  the  Tooth-ache  infalliby  (^sic)  in  a 
very  short  time:  Is  to  be  had  at  Mr.  Nathaniel  Brook's 
at  the  Angel  in  Cornhill."  List  of  books  sold  by  Nath. 
Brook  at  the  Angel  in  Cornhill,  appended  to  Wit  and 
Drollery,  1661. 

B.  H.  K. 

Curious  Marriage.  —  In  the  London  Magazine 
for  May,  1735,  p.  279.,  is  the  following  entry  of  a 
marriage :  "  — —  Hargrave,  Esq.,  of  New  Bond 
Street,  to  Miss  Reynolds  and  8000Z.  fortune."  At 
that  period  it  was  usual  to  insert  the  fortunes  of 
ladies  along  with  their  marriage,  and  also  to  state 
the  amount  of  money  left  by  persons  at  their 
death,  but  then  marriages  and  deaths  of  great 
and  wealthy  persons  only  found  insertions  in  the 
periodicals.  When  did  it  become  general  to  in- 
sert "Births,  deaths,  and  marriages"  in  the  news- 
papers ?  S.  Redmond. 

Lady  Mayoress  of  York.  —  There  is  an  "ancient 
right  possessed  by  the  wives  of  the  Lord  Mayors 
of  York  which  is,  I  think,  worth  recording  in  "N. 
&  Q.,"  more  especially  as  it  is  now  rarely,  if  ever, 
exercised.  By  immemorial  custom,  the  Lady 
Mayoress  can,  if  she  choose,  retain  the  prefix  of 
Lady  before  her  surname  for  the  remainder  of  her 
life. 

The  following  rhyme  is  quoted  as  the  authority 
for  this  curious  custom :  — 

"  The  Mayor  is  a  Lord  for  a  year  and  a  day, 
But  his  wife  is  a  Lady  for  ever  and  aye." 

The  last  instance  I  can  call  to  mind  of  this  right 
being  exercised,  is  that  of  the  wife  of  the  Right 
Hon.  James  Woodhouse.  This  gentleman  was 
Lord  Mayor  three  or  four  times,  and  at  last  died 
during  his  year  of  office,  about  the  middle  of  the 
last  century  ;  his  wife  survived  him  several  years, 
and  was  always  known  as  Lady  Woodhouse. 

I  have  heard  of  several  other  cases  in  which 
the  title  was  kept  up,  and  doubtless  some  cor- 
respondent could  supply  many  more. 

J.  A.  Pn. 

Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba  (2°'^  S.  viii.  86. 
382.) — P.  sends  the  following  cutting  :  — 

"  The  Political  Gamot. — In  1815,  the  French  news- 
papers announced  the  departure  of  Bonaparte  from  Elba, 
his  progress  through  France,  and  his  entry  into  Paris,  in 
the  following  manner : — '  March  9.  The  Anthropophagus 

has  quitted  his  den March  10.  The  Corsican  Ogre  has 

landed  at  Cape  Juan. — March  11.  The  Tiger  has  arrived 
at  Gap.— March  12.  The^^onster  slept  at  Grenoble. — 
March  13.  The  Tyrant  has  passed  through  Lyons. — 
March  14.  The  Usurper  is  directing  his  steps  towards 
Dijon,  but  the  brave  and  loyal  Burgundians  have  risen 
en  masxe,  and  surrounded  him  on  all  sides. — March  18. — 
Bonaparte  is  only  sixty  leagues  from  the  capital ;  he  has 
been  fortunate  enough  to  escape  the  hands  of  his  pur- 
suers.— March  19.    Bonaparte  is  advancing  with  rapid 


steps,  but  he  will  never  enter  Paris. — March  20. — Napo- 
^on  will,  to-morrow,  be  under  our  ramparts. — March  21. 
^he  Emperor  is  at  Fontainebleau. — March  22.  His  Im- 
perial and  Royal  Majesty  yesterday  evening  arrived  at 
the  Tuileries,  amidst  the  jojful  acclamations  of  his  de- 
voted and  faithful  subjects.'  " 

Catalogues.  —  As  cataloguing  seems  to  have  be- 
come a  very  fashionable  amusement  for  public 
bodies,  perhaps  the  following  circumstance  may  not 
be  uninteresting  or  profitless.  I  lately  purchased 
a  scarce  copy  of  Peter  Ramus,  and,  on  examining 
it  when  sent  home,  it  appeared  to  belong  to  a 
college  at  Oxford.  By  way  of  testing  this  point, 
I  sent  it  as  a  present  to  that  body,  and  received 
a  very  pretty  letter,  stating  that  it  was  their  pro- 
perty, although  not  to  be  found  in  their  Catalogue. 
On  farther  inquiry  it  appeared,  that  the  college 
had  employed  a  person  to  catalogue  their  library, 
who  had  omitted  from  it  such  books  as  he  wished  to 
purloin,  thus  rendering  detection  much  more  diffi- 
cult. Perhaps  this  caution  may  not  be  altogether 
useless  just  now.  C.  De  la  Pryme. 

Reform  Club. 


^utxitS, 


JONES   OP   NATIiAND   AND   THE   BEV.    GEO.   WATSON. 

When  men  of  such  high  reputation  as  the  Rev. 
W^illiam  Jones  of  Nayland  speak  in  high  terms  of 
commendation  of  any  publication,  we  are  naturally 
anxious  to  become  acquainted  with  its  contents. 
In  the  second  lecture  of  Mr.  Jones  upon  the  Fi- 
gurative Language  of  Scripture  are  the  following 
remarks  upon  the  outward  form  of  worship,  in 
which  Christians  are  in  the  habit  of  turning  to  the 
East :  — 

"  Here  I  would  observe,"  he  says,  "that  the  figures  of  the 
Scripture  necessarily  introduce  something  figurative  into 
our  worship,  of  which  I  could  give  several  instances.  The 
primitive  Christians  signified  their  relation  to  the  true 
light,  and  expressed  a  religious  regard  to  it,  by  the  out- 
ward form  of  worshipping  with  their  faces  towards  the 
east ;  because  there  the  light  arises  out  of  darkness, 
and  there  the  day  of  true  knowledge  arose,  like  the  sun, 
upon  such  as  lay  buried  in  ignorance.  To  this  day  our 
churches,  especially  that  part  which  is  appropriated  to 
the  most  solemn  act  of  Christian  worship,  is  placed  to- 
wards the  east ;  our  dead  are  buried  with  their  faces  to 
the  east ;  and  when  we  repeat  the  articles  of  our  faith, 
we  have  a  custom  of  turning  ourselves  to  the  east.  The 
primitive  Christians  called  their  baptism  their  illumina- 
tion; to  denote  which  a  light  was  put  into  the  hands  of 
the  person  after  baptism,  and  they  were  admitted  to  hear 
the  lectures  of  the  catechists  in  the  church,  under  the 
name  of  the  illuminated.  The  festival  of  Christ's  baptism 
was  celebrated  in  the  month  of  January  with  the  cere- 
mony of  a  number  of  lighted  torches.  When  the  con- 
verts repeated  the  confession  of  their  faith  at  baptism, 
thej'  turned  themselves  to  the  east,  and  to  the  west  when 
they  renounced  the  powers  of  darkness.  In  the  modern 
church  of  Rome  this  ceremony  of  worshipping  to  the  east 
has  been  abused,  and  turned  into  an  act  of  adoration  to 
the  altar;  on  account  of  which  some  Christians  who  have 
heard  of  the  abuse  of  this  ceremony,  without  knowing 
the  use  of  it,  have  rejected  that  as  an  act  of  superstition. 


2°d  a  Vin.  Nov.  12.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


397 


which  has  an  edifying  sense,  and  was  practised  in  the 
days  of  the  Apostles,  before  any  superstition  bad  infected 
the  church." 

To  this  extract  Mr.  Jones  has  subjoined  the  fol- 
lowing note  :  — 

"  An  excellent  sermon,  which  ought  never  to  be  forgot- 
ten, and  which  I  carried  through  the  press  when  I  was  an 
undergraduate  at  Oxford,  was  published  on  'Christ  the 
Light  of  the  World  '  from  a  verse  of  the  19th  Psalm,  by 
my  admired,  beloved,  and  lamented  friend,  the  late  Rev. 
George  Watson,  once  a  Fellow  of  University  College,  to 
whose  early  instructions  and  example  I  have  been  in- 
debted in  most  of  the  labours  of  my  life.  Many  extraor- 
dinary men  have  I  seen  ;  but  for  taste  or  classical  literature 
and  all  works  of  genius;  for  a  deep  knowledge  of  the  in- 
spired writings ;  for  readiness  of  speech  and  sweetness  of 
elocution  ;  for  devout  affection  towards  God  ;  for  charit- 
able goodness  of  heart,  and  elegance  of  manners,  I  never 
met  with  any  one  that  exceeded  him." 

After  this  perhaps  too  long  preface,  I  would 
inquire  if  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  or  any  book- 
seller could  furnish  the  above  sermon  of  Mr. 
Watson  at  a  stated  price,  to  be  addressed  as  below. 
It  would  be  conferring  a  great  boon  in  the  declin- 
ing years  of  an  octogenarian.  J.  M.  Gutch. 

Worcester. 


PORTEAIT  OP  A  TRUE  GENTLEMAN. 

The  Rev.  J.  J.  begs  to  ask  a  place  for  the  enclosed 
"  Portrait  of  a  True  Gentleman  "  among  the  Minor 
Notes  and  Queries  of  some  forthcoming  number. 
It  was  made  a  note  of  some  weeks  ago  at  an  old 
manor-house  in  Gloucestershire,  where  it  was  found 
fairly  written  and  framed,  and  hung  over  the  mantel- 
piece of  a  tapestried  sitting-room.  It  was  stated 
by  the  old  lady  who  drew  attention  to  it,  that  it 
was  the  penmanship  of  one  in  reduced  circum- 
stances, who  had  made  his  temporary  abode  in 
that  ancient  mansion.  But  whether  it  was  his 
own  composition,  or  the  result  of  an  act  of  me- 
mory on  his  part,  she  could  not  certify,  albeit 
evidently  inclined  to  give  her  poor,  but  respected, 
friend  the  benefit  of  the  doubt. 

Wishing  to  obtain  a  less  prejudiced,  perhaps  a 
more  enlightened  view  of  this  interesting  question, 
J.  J.  begs  to  ask  the  Editor,  or  some  correspon- 
dent of  his,  to  say  if  the  authorship  of  this  ingeni- 
ous portrait,  —  so  likely  to  have  been  devised  as  a 
prose  pendant  to  the  Wykehamist  metre  of  the 
"  Trusty  Servant"  —  happens  to  be  traceable  to 
some  writer  of  the  seventeenth^or  eighteenth  cen- 
tury :  — 

"The  true  gentleman  is  God's  servant,  the  world's 
master,  and  his  own  man.  Virtue  is  his  business,  study 
his  recreation,  contentment  his  rest,  and  happiness  his 
reward.  God  is  his  father,  the  church  is  his  mother,  the 
saints  his  brethren,  all  that  need  him  his  friends.  Devo- 
tion is  his  chaplain,  chastity  his  chamberlain,  sobriety  his 
butler,  temperance  his  cook,  hospitality  his  housekeeper, 
providence  his  steward,  charity  his  treasurer,  piety  his 
mistress  of  the  house,  and  discretion  his  porter,  to  let  in 
and  out,  as  most  fit.  Thus  is  his  whole  family  made  up 
of  virtue,  and  he  is  the  true  master  of  the  house.    He  is 


necessitated  to  take  the  world  on  his  way  to  Heaven,  but 
he  walks  through  it  as  fast  as  he  can,  and  all  his  business 
by  the  way  is  to  make  himself  and  others  happy.     Take 
him  in  two  words :  a  man  and  a  Christian." 
Avington  Rectory,  Hungerford,  Berks. 


SSiitiax  <SLMtxiti, 

Arthur  Hallams  Literary  Remains.  —  Can  you 
inform  me  whether  there  is  any  hope  that  the 
literary  remains  of  Arthur  Ilallam  will  be  pub- 
lished, now  that  death  has  removed  so  many  to 
whom  it  might  have  been  painful  to  see  them  in 
the  hands  of  strangers,  if  any  feeling  reader  of 
In  Memoriam  can  be  called  a  stranger  to  its  sub- 
ject? 

These  Remains  have  been  printed  more  than 
once  for  private  circulation,  but  are  of  course 
quite  inaccessible  to  the  public  generally ;  and  it 
needs  but  to  read  the  singularly  beautiful  and 
thoughtful  fragments  of  them  given  in  Dr.  Brown's 
HorcB  SubsecivcB,  to  gain  a  much  stronger  motive 
than  curiosity  for  desiring  the  whole.  W.  H.  R. 
Trin.  Coll.  Camb. 

Families  of  Ross.  —  Will  any  of  your  learned 
correspondents  kindly  inform  me  whether  any  of 
the  families  who  now  bear  the  name  of  Ross,  trace 
their  descent  from  Walter  Earl  of  Ross,  north  of 
Forth,  who  was  Lord  Justice  General  of  Scotland 
in  1239,  or  another  Lord  Ross,  who  was  created 
Baron  Ross,  I  believe  in  1489.  G.  L. 

William  Forth,  elected  from  Westminster  to 
Trinity  College,  1632;  M.A.  1638;  LL.D.  1646; 
has  verses  in  Annalia  Dubriensia,  1636.  He  was 
admitted  an  advocate  29th  January,  1647-8;  but 
we  have  not  met  with  any  subsequent  notice  of 
him.  We  wish  to  ascertain  the  date  of  his  death. 
C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopek. 

Cambridge. 

Slaves  in  England.  —  In  a  MS.  Diary  kept  by 
Sir  John  Philipps,  the  fifth  baronet  of  Picton 
Castle,  I  find  the  following  curious  entry  :  — 

"  1761.  Nov.  ye  8*.  Went  to  Norbiton  with  Capt. 
Parr  and  Lieut.  Rees,  taking  with  nie  a  Black  Boy  from 
Senegal,  given  me  by  Capt.  Parr;  also  a  Paraquet  and 
foreign  Duck." 

Farther  on  is  another  entry  :  — 

"  1761.  Dec.  ye  6*.  D^  Philipps  christened  my  black 
Boy,  Caesar ;  gave  Eliz.  Cooper,  Tho.  Davies,  and  Thomas 
Lewis  his  Gossips,  7'.  Q^." 

The  Court  of  Common  Pleas,  so  late  as  the 
5  W.  &  M.  held  that  a  man  might  have  a  pro- 
perty in  a  negro  boy,  and  might  bring  an  action 
of  trover  for  him,  because  negroes  are  heathens. — 
(1  Ld.  Ray.  147.)  But  it  was  decided  in  1772, 
in  the  celebrated  case  of  James  Somcrsett,  that  a 
heathen  negro,  when  brought  to  England,  owes 


398 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2nd  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '59. 


no  service  to  an  American  or  any  other  master. 
James  Somersett  had  been  made  a  slave  in 
Africa,  and  was  sold  there ;  from  thence  he  was 
carried  to  Virginia,  where  he  was  bought,  and 
brought  by  his  master  to  England  ;  here  he  ran 
away  from  his  master,  who  seized  him,  and  car- 
ried him  on  board  a  ship,  where  he  was  confined, 
in  order  to  be  sent  to  Jamaica  to  be  sold  as  a 
slave.  Whilst  he  was  thus  confined.  Lord  Mans- 
field granted  a  habeas  corpus,  ordering  the  cap- 
tain of  the  ship  to  bring  up  the  body  of  James 
Somersett,  with  the  cause  of  his  detainer.  The 
above-mentioned  circumstances  being  stated  upon 
the  return  to  the  writ,  after  much  learned  discus- 
sion in  the  Court  of  King's  Bench,  the  Court 
were  unanimously  of  opinion  that  the  return  was 
insufficient,  and  that  Somersett  ought  to  be  dis- 
charged. {Blachstone" s  Commentaries  on  the  Laws 
of  England,  12th  edit.  1793.)  The  Query  which 
I  am  about  to  propose  is  this, — If  the  Court  of 
Common  Pleas  held  in  the  reign  of  William  and 
Mary  that  negroes  being  heathens,  could  be  held 
as  property,  upon  what  alteration  in  the  law  did 
the  Court  of  Queen's  Bench  base  their  decision  in 
the  case  of  Somersett  ?  It  seems  to  have  been  a 
practice  at  one  time  to  withhold  baptism  from 
negro  servants  for  fear  they  should  thereby  gain 
their  liberty.  John  Pavin  Phillips. 

Haverfordwest. 

Precedency.  —  In  1761  was  published  a  pam- 
phlet entitled  Precedency  of  the  Peers  of  Ireland 
in  England  fairly  stated  in  a  Letter  to  an  English 
Lord.  The  object  was  to  establish  the  precedence 
of  the  Irish  peers  (considered  formerly  as  foreign 
noblemen)  amongst  the  peers  of  England,  accord- 
ing to  their  rank,  over  those  of  inferior  quality, 
—  a  question  definitively  settled  by  the  Act  of 
Union.  The  question  was  much  discussed  in  1739 
and  1761.  If  any  of  your  readers  can  refer  me 
to  any  articles  in  the  public  journals  at  those 
periods,  or  any  review  or  notice  of  the  pamphlet 
referred  to,  it  will  oblige.  Lord  Egmont  was  the 
author  of  the  pamphlet,  which  extends  to  108 
pages.  J.  R. 

"  The  Clergyman's  Companion." — Who  was  the 
compiler  of  The  Clergyman's  Companion  in  Visit- 
ing the  Sich,  usually  printed  in  the  collected  edi- 
tions of  Paley's  Works?  The  fourth  edition, 
improved  and  corrected,  was  printed  for  J.  &  B. 
Sprint  in  Little  Britain,  in  1723.  The  Dedica- 
tion to  Thomas  [Tenison],  Archbishop  of  Canter- 
bury, is  signed  "J.  W."  A  new  edition  of  this 
book,  with  Paley's  name  on  the  title-page,  the 
Dedication  omitted,  was  published  by  Faulder  in 
1805.  This  same  "J.  W."  was  the  author  of  a 
Visitation  Sermon  on  The  Necessity  of  a  Divine 
Call  or  Mission  in  those  tvho  take  upon  them  to 
Preach  the  Gospel  of  Christ,  printed  for  W.  Tay- 
lor at  the  Ship  in  Paternoster  Row,  1717.    B,  M. 


_  "  The  Bill  of  Michael  Angelo."  —  In  Luttrell's 
lines  on  a  London  fog,  he  apostrophises  chemistry, 
and  says  :  — 

"  And  see,  to  aid  thee  in  the  blow, 
The  bill  of  Michael  Angelo." 

I  am  acquainted  with  Tennyson's 

"...    har  of  Michael  Angelo ;"'' 
but  what  is  this  bill?  CuxHnERT  Bjbde. 

"  The  Castle  of  JEsculapius."  — Who  is  the  au- 
thor of  this  heroic  comedy,  acted  in  Warwick 
Lane,  1768,  8vo.  ?  Z.  A. 

Boley  Hill,  Rochester. — There  hiis  been  a  great 
deal  of  discussion  on  the  origin  of  this  name :  is  it 
not  probably  Beau-lieu?  The  Knights'  Hospi- 
tallers held  a  capital  messuage  in  Hackney  called 
"  Beaulieu,"  and  some  land  in  the  marshes  called 
"Beaulieu-vant"  [Qu.  Beaulieu  avant  ?'\  sinco 
corrupted  to  "Bully-vant,"  and  now  to  "Bully- 
point."  Had  the  Hospitallers  any  possessions  In 
Rochester  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

The  Name  of  Dickson  in  Berwickshire.  —  Can 
any  of  your  readers  give  me  any  information  re- 
garding any  of  the  old  families  in  Berwickshire 
bearing  this  name  ? 

^  Nisbet,  in  his  Heraldry,  gives  this  popular  tra- 
dition as  to  the  origin  of  the  name  :  — 

"  They  of  the  sirname  of  Dickson  as  descended  from 
one  Richard  Keith,  said  to  be  a  son  of  the  family  of 
Keith  Marischal,  took  their  name  from  Richard  (in  the 
south  country  called  Dick) ;  and  to  show  themselves  de- 
scended of  Keith  Earl  Marischal,  they  carry  the  chief  of 
Keith." 

He  afterwards  states  that  the  family  of  Bught- 
rig  is  the  oldest  branch  of  the  name. 

The  latest  mention  of  this  family  I  have  been 
able  to  find  is  in  the  "  Retours."  There  it  is 
stated  that  Master  George  Dickson,  Advocate, 
was  served  heir  to  Master  Robert  Dickson  of 
Brightrige,  his  brother  german,  in  1674.  I  should 
like  to  discover  whether  he  left  any  descendants  ? 
Any  information  also  regarding  the  family  of  Dick- 
son of  Belchester  (now,  I  have  heard,  extinct),  or 
of  any  other  Berwickshire  Dicksons,  will  much 
Oblige  D. 

Nathanael  Fairclough,  of  Eman.  College  ;  B.A. 
1644-5  ;  M.A.  1648  ;  has  an  Elegy  on  the  Death 
of  Sir  Nathaniel  Barnadiston  in  Suffolk's  Tears, 
1653.  We  shall  be  glad  of  any  farther  informa- 
tion respecting  him.    C.  H.  &  Thompson  Cooper. 

Cambridge. 

"  Portioner." — Can  any  of  your  Scottish  readers 
inform  me  of  the  precise  meaning  of  the  above 
old  law  term  ?  In  making  out  a  pedigree  I  have 
frequently  been  puzzled  with  it.  In  one  case 
the  person  so  styled  in  a  deed  dated  1556,  was 
possessed  of  considerable  landed  property  in  the 


2a>>avni.  Nov.12. '59.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


399 


vicinity  of  the  village  of  which  he  is  styled  "  por- 
tioner."  He  possessed  also  "  ane  toure  or  forti- 
lace  "  in  the  same  village  (an  old  border  bastel- 
house,  I  presume),  and  occupied,  I  should  fancy, 
a  similar  position  in  society  to  that  of  our  smaller 
landed  gentry  of  the  present  day.  Will  any  of 
your  correspondents  be  kind  enough  to  say  whe- 
ther I  am  right  in  my  conjecture  ?  D. 

Son  of  Pascal  Paoli.  —  It  has  been  said  there 
never  was  any  whitewash  on  any  part  of  West- 
minster Abbey.  An  old  inhabitant  tells  nje  there 
was  formerly  one  large  patch  under  one  of  the 
porches,  which  was  said  to  hide  the  marks  of  a 
frightful  suicide.  The  unhappy  man  is  stated  to 
have  been  the  son  of  the  celebrated  Pascal  Paoli ; 
and  to  have  blown  out  his  brains  here,  but  for 
what  cause  my  informant  did  not  know.  Can  any 
of  your  readers  supply  me  with  the  particulars  of 
this  tragic  history  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Assumption   of  Arms   by  those  who  fought  at 
Agincourt.  —  Some    time    ago   a  correspondent, 
whose  Query  I  am  now  unable  to  find,  asked  on 
what    authority   Shakspeare    put    the   following 
words  into  the  mouth  of  Henry  V.  in  his  cele- 
brated speech  before  the  battle  of  Agincourt :  — 
"  We  few,  we  happy  few,  we  band  of  brothers ; 
For  he,  to-day  that  sheds  his  blood  with  me, 
Shall  be  my  brother ;  be  he  ne'er  so  vile, 
This  day  shall  gentle  his  condition." 

Hen.  v..  Act  IV.  So.  3. 
I  met  the  other  day,  in  the  course  of  my  read- 
ing, Avith  an  extract  from  the  Ordinance  of  Henry 
v.,  in  which  occur  these  words  :  — 

"Quod  nullus  cujuscunque  status,  gradtis  seu  condi- 
tionis  fuerit,  hujusmodi  arma  sive  tunicas  armorum  in  se 
sumat,  nisi  ipse  jure  antecessorio  vel  ex  donatione  ali- 
cnjus  ad  hos  sufficientem  potestatem  habentis,  ea  possi- 
deat  aut  possidere  debeat,  et  quod  ipse  arma  sive  tunicas 
illas  ex  cujus  dono  obtinet,  demonstrationis  suae  personis 
ad  hoc  per  nos  assignatis  manifeste  demonstret,  exceptis 
illis  qui  nobiscum  apud  bellum  de  Agincourt  arma  porta- 
hant,"  &c. 

I  would  here  take  the  opportunity  of  repeating 
the  latter  part  of  your  correspondent's  Query,  as 
to  whether  any  families  can  be  mentioned  whose 
founder  acquired  his  right  to  coat  armour  from 
having  fought  at  Agincourt,  and  if  any  such  are 
recorded,  what  are  their  arms  ?  J.  A.  Pn. 

William  Monney.  —  Wanted,  information  re- 
specting this  gentleman.  He  is  author  of  Con- 
siderations on  Prisons,  1812,  and  Caractacus,  a 
tragedy,  1816.  Z.  A. 

Simon  Sabba.  —  May  I  ask  who  was  the  trans- 
lator of  the  following  ?  "  J)o7^  Carlos,  a  Tragedy : 
translated  and  altered  from  the  German  of  Schil- 
ler, and  adopted  for  the  English  stage,  by  Simon 
Sabba."  No  imprint,  but  apparently  from  the 
Paris  press.     As  you  have  ruled  that  "  Anons " 


and  "  Pseuds "  may  rest  undisturbed,  or  wear 
their  masks  for  thirty  years,  it  is  necessary  to  say 
that  the  dedication  to  this  is  dated  "  Versailles, 
1820." 

This  translator  of  Don  Carlos  looms  largely  as 
a  dramatist,  when  he  says  that,  under  the  influ- 
ence of  an  ardent  imagination  and  great  facility 
of  composition,  "  I  have  written  many  theatrical 
pieces,  but  as  yet  have  not  considered  one  of  them 
sufficiently  perfect  for  publication,  but  am  now 
completing  a  series,  which,  if  I  have  a  prospect  of 
success,  I  shall  shortly  lay  before  my  fellow  coun- 
trymen." J.  O. 

Macaulay^s  "  Prodigal  Nabob." — To  whom  does 
Lord  Macaulay  refer,  in  his  essay  on  Addison,  in 
the  sentence  that  "  he  [Addison]  regales  us  after 
the  fashion  of  that  prodigal  nabob  who  held  that 
there  was  only  one  good  glass  in  a  bottle." 

Glasguensis. 

Heraldic  Query  :  Dichson^s  Arms.  —  Can  any 
reader  of"  N.  &  Q.,"  learned  in  the  old  heraldry 
of  the  North  of  England  and  Scotland,  inform  me 
to  what  family  the  following  arms  (or  crest?)  be- 
longed ?  They  exist  on  a  small  and  defaced  im- 
pression of  a  seal,  formerly  affixed  to  a  will  (name 
of  testator  unknown),  executed  in  Lancashire  or 
Cheshire  about  1660. 

"  On  a  wreath,  a  crescent,  issuing  from  the  horns  of 
which  a  griffin's  head  erased,  all  between  two  mullets 
(or  stars  ?  "). 

The  mullets  suggest  the  DIcksons  of  the  South 
of  Scotland.  The  arms  of  Dickson  of  Lim.erick, 
as  given  by  Burke,  somewhat  resemble  the  above. 

Another  seal,  probably  of  the  same  family  as 
the  preceding  (date  about  1760),  bears  "a  griffin 
segreant  in  a  lozenge."  J. 

The  King's  Head  near  St.  PauVs,  and  a  Stew 
in  St.  Martins,  Queenhithe.  —  22nd  May,  2  &  3 
Philip  and  Mary.  The  King  and  Queen  granted 
to  Humfrey  Browne,  Knight"",  licence  to  alienate 
all  that  great  or  capital  messuage  situate  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Gregory,  in  the  Ward  of  Castle  Bay- 
nard,  London,  called  the  Kingeshedde,  and  lately 
called  the  Sarsyn's  hedde,  to  Hugh  Pope.  —  Rot. 
Par.  de  A°.  pt.  6. 

19  June,  2  &  3  Philip  and  Mary.  The  King 
and  Queen  granted  to  Richard  Hilton  and  another 
licence  to  alienate  a  tenement  called  a  Stewe,  with 
the  appurtenances,  situate  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Martin  at  Queenhithe,  London,  to  Alured  Michell. 
—Rot.  Par.  de  A°.  pt.  6. 

I  wish  to  inquire  where  the  capital  messuage 
called  the  King  s  Head,  and  previously  called  the 
Saracen's  Head,  was  situate  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Gregory  by   St.  Paul's.    And  also  if  anything  is 

*  Humphrey  Browne,  Knight,  was  one  of  the  Justices 
of  the  Qonimon  Pleas  from  35  Henry  YIII.  to  1561. 


400 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2''a  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '59. 


known  of  stews  on  the  London  side  of  the  River 
Thames,  as  the  only  stews  I  have  heretofore  heard 
of  in  old  London  were  those  which  were  situate  on 
the  Bankside,  in  the  Bishop  of  Winchester's  liberty 
or  manor  of  Southwark,  commonly  called  "  The 
Clink."  Geo.  R.  Corner. 

Figures  cut  on  Hill  Sides.  — ■  What  other  gi- 
gantic or  conspicuous  figures  cut  on  hill  sides  have 
we  in  England  besides  the  celebrated  Berkshire 
White  Horse  of  "  scouring "  memory ;  a  large 
figure,  some  200  feet  long,  and  intended  to  repre- 
sent a  pilgrim  with  staff,  on  the  hill  side  near 
Wilmington,  Sussex ;  a  cross  near  Lewes,  and  the 
Whiteleaf  Cross  in  Buckinghamshire  ?  Two  large 
figures  cut  in  the  turf  near  Plymouth  once  com- 
memorated the  battle  between  Gogmagog  and 
Corineus,  the  Cornish  giant,  I  believe.  Are  they 
still  visible  ?  And  I  seem  to  recollect  that  a 
figure  of  some  kind  (?  a  horse)  used  to  be  visible 
from  the  old  coach  road  to  Southampton,  the  lo- 
cality somewhere  near  Winchester,  but  I  know 
of  no  others.  R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Knox  Family. — Where  can  I  find  the  pedigree 
of  the  Right  Hon.  William  Knox,  Under  Secretary 
of  State  under  Lord  North's  administration  ? 

Falcon. 

'^''Infanta  de  Zamorre."  —  Who  was  the  author 
of  a  German  opera,  entitled  Infanta  de  Zamorre  ? 

J.  C.  J. 

Robert  Raikes  of  Gloucester.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  oblige  me  by  the  information  where  I  may 
gain  most  particulars  of  the  life  and  labours  of 
Robert  Raikes  of  Gloucester,  founder  of  our 
Sunday-school  system  ?  I  am  aware  of  what  is 
said  in  the  Gentleman's  and  European  Magazines, 
and  in  Nichols's  Illustrations.  C.  F.  S. 

What  sort  of  Animal  was  the  Bugle  f  —  In  the 
Isle  of  Wight  the  Bugle  is  a  frequent  sign,  and  is 
painted  as  a  short,  stout-made  bull  without  horns. 
Tradition  says  this  animal  was  once  wild  in  the 
forests  of  the  island,  but  is  now  extinct.  Can 
this  be  the  "  bos  in  figura  cervi"  of  Caesar  {de 
Bella  Gallico)  ?  and  is  not  the  name  a  corruption 
of  the  French  hi/le,  or  houjffle,  a  cross  between  the 
ordinary  bull  and  the  buffalo  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Bishops  Gunning  and  Gauden.  —  Can  any  one 
inform  me  where  these  two  publications  may  be 
found  ?  I  have  been  unable  to  meet  with  them  in 
the  British  Museum,  the  Bodleian,  and  some  other 
libraries  :  — 

"  1.  Gunning.  A  View  and  Correction  of  the  Common 
Prayer.     1662." 

^2.  Ganden.  The  Whole  Duty  of  a  Communicant: 
being  Rules  and  Directions  for  a  worthy  receiving  the 
most  Holy  Sacrament  of  the  Lord's  Supper.    Lond.  1681. 

T.  W.  P. 


120," 


Clarendon  Hou^e,  Piccadilly.  —  In  the  first  edi- 
tion of  Cunningham's  Handbook  of  London  is  the 
following  passage  :  — 

"  The  memory  of  Clarendon  House  still  survives  in  the 
Clarendon  Hotel,  and  Mr.  D'lsraeli  (Curiosities  of  Litera- 
ture, p.  443.)  assures  us  that  the  two  Corinthian  pilasters, 
one  on  each  side  of  the  Three  King's  Inn  gateway  in 
Piccadilly,  belonged  to  Clarendon  House,  and  are  perhaps 
the  oul}'-  remains  of  that  edifice." 

Mr.  Cunningham  has  mentioned  this  again  in  p. 
658.  In  the  present  year,  1859,  these  pilasters 
have  disappeared.     Have  they  been  destroyed  ? 

During  the  repairs  (I  think  in  1858)  of  St. 
James's  church  another  column  was  thrown  down, 
and  it  may  probably  be  said  with  less  reason,  for 
certainly  it  was  with  none  at  all.  At  the  north- 
west angle  of  that  tower  (on  the  exterior)  stood, 
independent  of  the  church  wall,  a  singular,  and,  to 
my  mind,  a  very  elegant  monument.  It  was  a  small 
column,  erected  on  a  square  pedestal,  with  a  base 
and  capital  complete,  and  on  the  summit  a  shield 
of  arms.  I  have  not  been  able  to  ascertain  to 
whose  memory  it  was  erected :  but  it  was  worth 
preservation  for  its  own  sake,  and  its  destruc- 
tion was  perfectly  unnecessary  and  inexcusable. 
Shortly  after  the  repairs  I  saw  it  lying  prostrate 
in  the  l^urial-ground.  It  would  stilt  be  desirable 
to  re-erect  it;  and,  as  an  additional  reason  for  so 
doing,  may  I  inquire  if  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
remembers  for  whose  memory  it  was  designed  ? 

J.  G.  N. 


Minor  ^uttitS  tuftfi  ^nibierg, 

Buny ail's  Burial-place  and  Tombstone.  —  Can 
any  of  your  correspondents  give  me  any  informa- 
tion regarding  the  present  condition  and  pre- 
servation of  Bunyan's  burial-place  and  tomb- 
stone? 

I  believe  that  they  are  much  neglected,  and  the 
ground  "  closed  "  and  is  now  built  upon.  Will 
some  correspondent  inform  me  how  far  I  am 
right  in  my  conjecture,  or  how  otherwise  ? 

T.  S.  L. 

[Bunyan's  remains  were  interred  in  Bunhill  Fields,  in 
the  vault  of  his  friend  Mr.  Strudwick,  at  whose  house  he 
died.  Over  the  vault  is  a  substantial  table  tomb,  which 
ought  to  be  kept  in  the  highest  state  of  repair.  A  visitor 
will  readily  find  it  in  that  city  of  the  dead  by  the  fol- 
lowing numbers,  25  E.,  26  W.,  26  N.,  27  S.  The  ground 
is  closed,  but  is  not,  and  I  trust  never  will  be,  built  upon, 
which  would  be  a  disgrace  to  the  nation.  An  accurate 
view  of  the  burial-ground  and  tomb  is  in  my  edition  of 
Bunyan's  Whole  Works.  Several  unsuccessful  attempts 
have  been  made  to  raise  a  fitting  monument  to  Bunyan's 
memory.  A  very  beautiful  design  has  been  recently  is- 
sued by  Mr.  Papworth,  the  sculptor,  in  the  hope  of  its  being 
placed  in  Trafalgar  Square,  by  a  general  subscription 
throughout  the  country  limited  to  Is.  from  each  sub- 
scriber. His  works,  however,  will  ever  be  his  imperish- 
able monument. — George  Offor.] 

Sir  Horace  Poole. — In  the  Clerical  Guide,  or ^ 
Ecclesiastical  Directory^  1817,  the  Rev.  Sir  Horace 


2°i  S.  VIII.  Nor.  12.  '59.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


401 


Poole,  Barfc.,  is  there  returned  as  prebendary  of 
Ipthorne,  rector  of  Chailey,  and  rector  of  Wal- 
dron,  in  the  diocese  of  Chichester.  Can  any 
reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  give  the  genealogy  of  Sir 
Horace,  the  date  of  his  death,  place  of  burial  ? 
&c.  A.  M. 

[The  Rev.  Sir  Horace  is  a  misprint  for  the  Rev.  Sir 
Henry  Poole,  Bart,  who  died  May  25,  1821,  at  the  Hooks, 
near  Lewes,  Sussex,  in  his  seventy-seventh  year,  when 
the  baronetcy  expired.  Sir  Henry  was  born  Feb.  29, 
1744-5,  and  succeeded  to  the  title  and  estate  June  8, 
1804.  His  family,  which  is  very  ancient,  and  the  stem 
of  many  eminent  branches,  took  its  surname  from  the 
lordship  of  Poole  in  Wirrall  hundred  in  Cheshire,  and 
was  honoured  with  a  baronetage  25th  Oct.  1677.  For 
the  pedigree  see  Ormerod's  Cheshire,  ii.  235.] 

Had  Bishop  Williams  a  Play  performed  in  his 
House  on  a  Sunday  ? — Mb.  J.  Payne  Collier,  in 
his  History  of  British  Dramatic  Poetry,  ii.  30., 
publishes  from  a  MS.  in  the  Library  at  Lambeth 
Palace  the  statement  that  the  Midsummer's 
Nighfs  Dream  was  privately  performed  on  Sun- 
day, the  27th  of  September,  1631,  in  Bishop 
Williams's  house  in  London.  The  circumstance  is 
mentioned  by  Dr.  Peter  Heylin  in  his  Observa- 
tions on  the  Church  History  of  Britain,  p.  243., 
where  it  is  said  that  the  Bishop 

"  caused  a  comedy  to  be  acted  before  him  at  his  house 
at  Bugden,  not  only  on  a  Sunday  in  the  afternoon,  but 
upon  such  a  Sunday  also  on  which  he  had  publicly  given 
sacred  orders  both  to  priests  and  deacons.  And  to  this 
comedy  he  invited  the  Earl  of  Manchester,  and  divers  of 
the  neighbouring  gentry." 

I  borrow  this  quotation  from  Ambrose  Philips, 
who  in  his  Life  of  the  Bishop  (Camb.  1700)  has 
nothing  more  to  say  in  reply  than  to 

"  wonder  how  the  circumstance,  if  true,  came  to  be 
omitted  by  the  author  of  his  [formerly  published]  Life, 
who  doubtless  knew  the  Bishop's  private  actions  the  best 
of  any  man,  and  who  affirms  that  Lincoln  did  no  more 
in  recreating  himself  with  such  diversions  than  he  had 
seen  that  grave  prelate  Archbishop  Bancroft  do  at  Lam- 
beth."—P.  253. 

This  is  not  even  a  faint  denial;  yet  I  should 
like  to  have  farther  evidence  on  the  subject,  and 
to  see  the  passage  in  the  previous  Life,  referred 
to  by  Philips.  Scotus. 

[The  passage  is  too  long  for  quotation,  and  is  merely 
an  apology  for  Bishop  Williams's  conduct :  it  occurs  in 
Hacket's  Life  of  Archbishop  Williams,  part  ii.  p.  37.  It 
must  be  borne  in  mind  that  some  of  the  Caroline  divines, 
as  stated  by  Fuller,  "  make  the  Sabbath  to  begin  on 
Saturday  night  ('  The  evening  and  the  morning  were  the 
first  day,')  and  others  on  the  next  day  in  the  morning ; 
both  agreeing  on  the  extent  thereof  for  four-and-twenty 
hours."  (^Church  History,  book  xi.  cent.  xvii.  sect.  33.) 
Hence  the  recreations  allowed  by  the  Book  of  Sports  were 
not  to  commence  until  after  what  was  then  called  Evening 
Prayer.  George  Herbert,  that  beautiful  model  of  a  parish 
priest,  informs  lis  how  he  spent  the  evening  of  the  Lord's 
Day ;  '  Having  read  Divine  Service  twice  full3'-,  and 
preached  in  the  morning,  and  catechized  in  the  afternoon, 
he  thinks  he  hath  in  some  measure,  according  to  poor  and 
frail  man,  discharged  the  public  duties  of  the  congrega- 


tion. The  rest  of  the  day  he  spends  either  in  reconciling 
neighbours  that  are  at  variance,  or  in  visiting  the  sick, 
or  in  exhortations  to  some  of  his  flock  by  themselves, 
whom  his  sermons  cannot,  or  do  not  reach.  At  night  he 
thinks  it  a  very  fit  time,  both  suitable  to  the  joy  of  the 
day,  and  without  hindrance  to  public  duties,  either  to 
entertain  some  of  his  neighbours,  or  to  be  entertained  of 
them,  where  he  takes  occasion  to  discourse  of  such  things 
as  are  both  profitable  and  pleasant,  and  to  raise  up  their 
minds  to  apprehend  God's  good  blessing  to  our  church 
and  state ;  that  order  is  kept  in  the  one,  and  peace  in  the  ■ 
other,  without  disturbance,  or  interruption  of  public  di- 
vine ofiices." — A  Priest  to  the  Temple,  chap,  viii.] 

Pliny's  Chapter  on  Gems  and  Precious  Stones. 
— Can  you  kindly  refer  me  to  any  work  which 
gives  the  modern  names  and  characters  of  the  pre- 
cious stones  or  jewels  enumerated  in  the  works 
of  Pliny  or  Isiodorus  ? 

Glanville,  in  his  curious  work  De  Proprietatibus 
Rerum,  makes  frequent  reference  to  Lapidario. 
Who  or  what  is  this  authority  ?  A  man,  or  a 
book  ?  A.  B.  R. 

[We  know  of  no  work  so  likely  to  answer  our  cor- 
respondent's purpose  as  Keferstein's  Polyglot  Mineralogy 
(^Mineralogia  Polyglotta,  8vo.  Halle,  1849. )  This  work  gives 
not  only  the  classical  names  of  precious  stones,  but  the 
corresponding  terms  in  a  great  variety  of  languages. 
Thus  imder  Diamant  (p.  7.)  we  have  about  fifty  render- 
ings in  different  tongues. — "  In  Lapidario "  is  a  con- 
ventional mode  of  citing  a  work  on  gems  supposed  to  have 
been  written  by  Evax,  King  of  Arabia,  and  addressed  by 
him  to  Tiberius :  "  Evax  rex  Arabum  .  .  .  Caio  Tiberio 
privigno  Augusti  Lapidarium  adscripsit."  (Marbodffii 
De  Gemmarum  Formis,  Colon.  1539.  See  a  note  by  Pic- 
torius  Villingius,  pp.  9,  10.)  It  appears,  however,  to  be 
generally  admitted  by  scholars,  that  the  work  which  we 
have  just  cited,  though  professedly  based  upon  an  earlier 
treatise  by  Evax,  is  the  original  production  of  Marbo- 
daeus  himself.  But  on  the  other  hand  it  is  stated,  that  a 
manuscript  work  bearing  the  name  of  Evax,  and  entitled 
De  Nominibus  et  Virtut'ibus  Lapidum,  does  actually  exist 
in  the  Bodleian  library.  (^Nouv.  Biog.  Gen.  art.  "  Evax.") 
We  believe  that  all  the  passages  cited  as  from  Evax  will 
be  found  in  Marbodasus,  whose  work  is  in  Latin  hexa- 
meters. Cf.  Warton's  History  of  English  Poetry,  ii.  157. 
310.,  edit.  1840.] 

Public  Sale  of  Library  in  1810.  —  Can  I  be  in- 
formed who  was  the  "  Distinguished  Collector  " 
referred  to  in  the  following? — 

"  A  Catalogue  of  Books  in  the  various  branches  _  of 
Literature  which  lately  formed  the  Library  of  a  Distin- 
guished Collectpr,  and  were  sold  by  Auction  by  Mr.  Jef- 
fery  of  Pall  Mall ;  with  their  prices  and  purchasers'  names, 
London,  1810,"  large  8vo.  pp.  384. 

First  day's  sale,  Aprif  26,  1810,  to  thirty-second 
day's  sale,  June  1.  The  Nos.  of  catalogue  run 
from  1  to  4809,  and  the  subjects  in  "contents"  are 
arranged  under  forty-eight  different  heads.  By  a 
MS.  note,  the  books  appear  to  have  been  contained 
in  "  90  cases,  each  3  cwt."  In  the  descriptions 
occur  the  names  of  such  famous  bookbinders  as 
Roger  Payne,  Johnson,  Montague,  Walther,  Weir, 
Baumgarten,  Padaloope,  De  Rome ;  and  among 
the  purchasers  quite  a  galaxy  of  noblemen,  gen- 
tlemen, scholars,  divines,  philosophers,  and  biblio- 


402 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


tSnd  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '5&' 


graphers  of  that  period.  The  catalogue  had  been 
printed  after  the  sale,  and  likely  intended  as  a  re- 
cord of  this  splendid  and  valuable  collection. 

G.N. 

[This  is  the  Sale  Catalogue  of  the  library  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Benjamin  Heath,  son  of  Benjamin  Heath,  Esq.,  Town 
Clerk  of  Exeter,  and  Commentator  on  the  Greek  Trage- 
dians, and  on  Shakspeare,  who  was  the  principal  collector 
of  the  Heath  library.  He  died  Sept.  13,  1766.  Benja- 
min Heath,  Jun.,  his  eldest  son,  was  born  Sept.  29,  1739, 
O.  S.,  educated  at  Eton,  admitted  into  King's  College, 
Cambridge,  in  1758;  became  A.B.  1763;  A.M.  1766; 
D.D.  1783.  After  residing  at  King's  College,  three  years, 
on  his  taking  a  fellowship,  he  was  appointed  an  assistant 
master  at  Eton.  In  1771  he  succeeded  Dr.  Sumner  as 
Head  Master  of  Harrow  School.  In  1781  he  was  pre- 
sented by  King's  College  to  the  rectory  of  Walkerne  in 
Hertfordshire.  In  1784  he  was  elected  Fellow  of  Eton 
College ;  on  which  event,  in  Easter,  1785,  he  vacated 
Harrow,  having  been  Head  Master  fourteen  years.  He 
then  retired  to  Walkerne,  where  he  built  a  library',  like 
Sir  Thomas  Bodley,  in  the  shape  of  a  T ;  the  length  of 
it  was  71  feet,  the  transverse  part  50  feet,  the  width  15, 
and  the  height  about  12^,  forming  a  very  handsome  gal- 
lery, as  full  of  books  as  it  could  hold.  About  the  j'ear 
1807,  he  was  presented  to  the  valuable  rectory  of  Farn- 
ham  Royal,  Bucks.  As  old  age  and  infirmities  came  on, 
he  became  comparative!}-  indifferent  to  his  library,  in 
which  formerly  his  pleasure  consisted,  and  he  thought  it 
best  to  anticipate  all  trouble  upon  his  decease,  respecting 
the  disposition  of  his  books,  by  sending  the  greater  part 
of  them  up  to  town  for  sale ;  and  the  produce  of  9000Z. 
for  the  sale  of  4809  articles,  is  alone  a  demonstration  of 
the  richerchS  character  of  the  collection.  "  Never,"  says  Dr. 
Dibdin,  "  did  the  bibliomaniac's  eye  alight  upon  '  sweeter 
copies,'  as  the  phrase  is ;  and  never  did  the  bibliomania- 
cal  barometer  rise  higher  than  at  this  sale !  The  most 
marked  phrenzj'  characterised  it.  A  copy  of  the  editio 
princeps  of  Homer  (by  no  means  a  first-rate  one)  brought 
92Z. ;  and  all  the  Aldine  Classics  produced  such  an  elec- 
tricity of  sensation,  that  buyers  stuck  at  nothing  to  em- 
brace them !  "  Dr.  Benjamin  Heath  died  at  his  rectory 
at  Walkerne,  May  31,  1837,  and  was  buried  in  the  family 
vault  at  St.  Leonard's,  Exeter..  An  excellent  portrait  of 
him  will  be  found  in  Dibdin's  Bibliographical  Decameron, 
iii.  368.,  whence  these  particulars  are  mostly  selected. 
The  first  edition  of  Heath's  Catalogue  (without  the  prices) 
contains  a  curious  advertisement  by  Edward  JefFery,  re- 
specting "  a  most  delicate  application  by  a  Reverend 
Gentleman,"  made  through  a  bookseller,  to  obtain  from 
it  previous  to  the  sale,  Clarke's  Homer,  4to.,  the  finest 
possible  copy  on  large  paper  ;  Barnes's  Euripides,  a 
charming  copy,  on  large  paper;  and  Mattaire's  Corpus 
Poetarum,  a  fine  tall  copy,  on  large  paper.  "  The  request 
was  complied  with,  no  money  passed,  but  60Z.,  or  guineas, 
was  most  liberally  allowed  by  the  purchaser  in  modern 
books"!] 

Richard  Bernard  was  tector  of  Batcombe  in 
Somersetshire,  and  author  of  Thesaurus  Biblicus, 
sive  Promptuarium  Sacrum.  He  died  1641.  Is 
anything  farther  known  of  him,  his  parentage, 
education,  &c.  ?  C.  J.  Robikson. 

[Richard  Bernard  was  born  in  1566  or  1567,  and  was 
probably  a  native  of  Lincolnshire,  as  his  first  patrons 
were  two  ladies  of  the  family  of  Wray  of  that  county,  both 
afterwards  peeresses,  namely,  the  Countess  of  Warwick, 
and  Lady  Darcy.  They  sent  him  to  Cambridge,  where 
he  was  of  Christ  College.  In  1598,  when  he  published 
bis  Terence  in  English,  he  was  living  at  Epworth  in  the 


isle  of  Axholm.  On  June  19,  1601,  he  was  instituted  to 
the  vicarage  of  Worksop  in  Nottinghamshire,  which  he 
held  twelve  years.  In  1612  or  1613  he  was  presented  to 
the  rectory  of  Batcombe,  ■where  he  died  in  1641,  aged 
seventy-four.  Although  a  Puritan  he  adhered  to  the 
unity  of  the  church,  as  appears  by  his  Dissuasion  from  the 
Way  of  Separation,  1605.  He  was  the  author  of  several 
works,  but  the  one  most  frequently  reprinted  is  The  Isle 
of  Man,  or,  the  Legal  Proceedings  in  3Ian-shire  against 
Sin,  first  published  in  1627.  "  Ihis  work,"  says  the  Kev. 
A.  Toplady,  "in  all  probability  suggested  to  John  Bun- 
yan  the  first  idea  of  his  Pilgrim's  Progress  and  of  his 
Holy  War."  Mr.  Offbr,  however,  in  his  Introduction  to 
the  Pilgrim's  Progress,  will  not  allow  that  Bunyan  made 
any  use  of  this  work.  Vide  Brooke's  Lives  of  the  Puri- 
tans,  i.  462,  ed.  1813.  Bernard's  portrait  by  Hollar  is 
prefixed  to  his  Thesaurus  JSiblicus.l 


LAST   WOLF   IN   SCOTLAND. 

(2°"  S.  viii.  169.  296.) 

If  Mr.  Lloyd  has  as  yet  failed  to  obtain  an 
answer  to  his  Query,  as  to  what  became  of  the 
animal  sold  at  Mr.  Dunovan's  sale  in  1818,  as 
"  the  last  wolf  killed  in  Scotland,  by  Sir  C.  [E.] 
Cameron,"  he  has  at  least  elicited  the  information 
communicated  by  Mr.  Maclean  respecting  an- 
other claimant  for  the  honour  of  having  finally 
rid  this  island  of  that  ferocious  animal.  Almost 
all  our  writers  on  the  natural  history  of  the  wolf, 
following  Pennant,  state  that  the  species  became 
extinct  in  Scotland  in  1680  ;  the  last  having  fallen 
in  that  year  in  the  wilds  of  Lochaber  by  the  hand 
of  Sir  Ewen  (Evan)  Cameron  of  Lochiel.  Those 
who  saw  the  portrait  of  that  renowned  chieftain 
and  devoted  partisan  of  the  House  of  Stuart  in 
the  collection  lately  brought  together  at  Aber- 
deen, on  the  occasion  of  the  meeting  of  the  British 
Association  in  that  city,  will  readily  believe  that 
he  would  shrink  from  no  encounter,  be  it  with 
man  or  with  beast.  The  evidence,  however,  is 
pretty  strong  in  favour  of  the  opinion  that  the 
real  ultimus  luporum  Scoticorum  was  that  killed 
by  Mac  Queen  of  "  Pall-a'Chrocain,"  as  narrated 
in  the  extract  from  The  Lays  of  the  Deer  Forest. 
The  late  Sir  Thomas  Dick  Lauder,  in  his  Account 
of  the  Moray  Floods  of  August,  1829,  —  a  work 
now  become  rather  scarce — tells  the  same  story; 
and  as  it  may  be  interesting  to  some  of  the  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  have  his  version  of  it,  I  shall  sub- 
join it.  The  scene  of  the  exploit,  it  may  be  re- 
marked, is  in  the  parish  of  Moy  and  county  of 
Inverness ;  and,  though  within  the  bounds  of  the 
ancient  province  of  Moray,  far  beyond  the  present 
limits  of  the  Forest  of  Tarnaway.  The  spelling 
of  the  proper  names  differs  somewhat  in  the  two 
extracts,  but  this  is  by  no  means  difficult  to  ac- 
count for.     Sir  Thomas  writes  :  — 

"  Immediately  within  the  pass  (of  Eanack),  and  on 
the  right  bank  (of  the  Findhorn)  stand  the  ruins  of  the 
interesting  little  mansion-house  of  PoUochock.     Mac- 


2''«i  s.  VIII.  ^fov.  12.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


403 


queen,  the  laird  of  this  little  propertyj  is  said  to  have  been 
nearer  seven  than  six  feet  high,  proportionably  built,  and 
active  as  a  roebuck.  Though  he  was  alive  -within  half  a 
century,  it  is  said  that  in  his  youth  he  killed  the  last 
wolf  that  infested  this  district.  "  The  prevailing  story  is 
this :  — 

"  '  A  poor  woman,  crossing  the  mountains  with  two 
children,  was  assailed  by  the  wolf,  and  her  infants  de- 
voured, and  she  escaped  with  difficulty  to  Moyhall.  The 
chief  of  Mackintosh  no  sooner  heard  of  the  tragical  fate 
of  the  babes,  than,  moved  by  pity  and  rage,  he  dispatched 
orders  to  all  his  clan  and  vassals,  to  assemble  the  next 
day  at  twelve  o'clock  to  proceed  in  a  body  to  destroy  the 
wolf.  Pollochock  was  one  of  those  vassals,  and  being 
then  in  the  vigour  of  youth,  and  possessed  of  gigantic 
strength  and  determined  courage,  his  appearance  was 
eagerly  looked  for  to  take  a  lead  in  the  enterprise.  But 
the  hour  came,  and  all  were  assembled  except  him  to 
whom  they  most  trusted.  Unwilling  to  go  without  him, 
the  impatient  chief  fretted  and  fumed  through  the  hall ; 
till  at  length,  about  an  hour  after  the  appointed  time,  in 
stalked  Pollochock,  dressed  in  his  full  Highland  attire : 
"  I  am  little  used  to  wait  thus  for  any  man,"  exclaimed 
the  chafed  chieftain,  "  and  still  less  for  thee,  Pollochock, 
especially  when  such  game  is  afoot  as  we  are  boune 
(i.  e.  going)  after !  "  "  What  sort  o'  game  are  ye  after, 
Mackintosh .' "  said  Pollochock  simply,  and  not  quite 
.understanding  his  allusion.  "  The  wolf.  Sir,"  replied 
Mackintosh  ;  "  did  not  my  messenger  instruct  you  ?  " 
"Ou  aye,  that's  true,"  answered  Pollochock,  with  a  good- 
humoured  smile;  "troth  I  had  forgotten.  But  an  that 
be  a',"  continued  he,  groping  among  the  ample  folds  of 
his  plaid,  "  there's  the  wolf's  head !  "  Exclamations  of 
astonishment  and  admiration  burst  from  chief  and  clans- 
men, as  he  held  out  the  grim  and  bloody  head  of  the 
monster  at  arms-length,  for  the  gratification  of  those  who 
crowded  around  him.  "As  I  came  through  the  slochk 
(i.  e.  the  ravine)  by  east  the  hill  there,"  said  he,  as  if 
talking  of  some  every-day  occurrence,  "I  forgathered 
wi'  the  beast.  My  long  dog  there  turned  him.  I  buckled 
wi'  him,  and  dirkit  him,  and  syne  whuttled  his  craig 
(i.  e.  cut  his  throat),  and  brought  awa'  his  countenance, 
for  fear  he  might  come  alive  again;  for  they  are  very 
precarious  creatures."  "  My  noble  Pollochock !  "  cried 
the  chief  in  ecstacy ;  "  the  deed  was  worthy  of  thee !  In 
memorial  of  thy  hardihood,  I  here  bestow  upon  thee 
Seannachan,  to  yield  meal  for  thy  good  greyhound  in  all 
time  coming." '  " 

Sir  Thomas  also  gives  the  traditionary  account 
of  the  destruction  of  the  last  wolf  in  Braemoray, 
another  district  on  the  same  river  much  lower 
down,  and  about  fourteen  miles  from  its  mouth ; 
but  for  this  event  he  does  not  venture  to  assign 
any  date,  though,  considering  the  facilities  which 
the  valley  of  the  Findhorn,  the  most  grandly  pic- 
turesque of  the  Scottish  streams,  still  offers  there 
as-<i  lurking  place  for  our  ferce  natura;,  it  is  not 
probably  more  remote  than  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury. J.  M,  C. 

Elgin. 


THE  EARLY  EDITIONS  OF  FOXe's  BOOK  OF  MAETYRS. 

(2"<»  S.viii.  221.271.334.) 

The  first  edition  of  Foxe's  Actes  and  Monuments 

is  a  very  rare  book  in  a  perfect  state     The  late 

Mr.   Pickering's  stock   (sold   after  his    decease) 

boasted  four  copies,  all  more  or  less  imperfect  at 


the  beginning  and  end.  One  of  these  copies  con- 
tained the  highly  interesting  representation  of 
"  Pope  Alexander  treading  on  the  Neck  of  Fred- 
eric the  Emperor,"  at  p.  41.  Some  of  the  best 
copies  known  of  Foxe  do  not  contain  this  wood- 
cut, for  being  printed  on  a  separate  slip  it  has 
got  loose,  and  been  destroyed.  See  Catalogue  of 
the  Second  Portion  of  the  Extensive  Collection  of 
Valuable  Boohs  formed  by  the  late  Mr.  William 
Pickering,  p.  108. 

The  Rev.  C.  H.  Hartshorne,  who  notices  the 
copy  of  the  first  edition  of  Foxe  in  the  Public 
Library,  Cambridge,  in  his  Book  Rarities,  p.  72., 
says  :  — 

"  This  edition  may  be  said  to  contain  the  only  legiti- 
mate text  of  the  author,  many  original  papers,  and  im- 
portant particulars  being  omitted  or  suppressed  in  the 
latter  ones.  Consult  Scrivener,  Apologia  pro  Ecclesia  An- 
glicana,  sive  Actio  in  Scismaticos  adversus  Dalceum,  p.  107, 
108.  Even  in  the  last  edition  of  1684  (which  promises  to 
contain  all  the  first  edition,  which  the  others  want),  some 
material  alteration  will  be  found  at  p.  1529.,  concerning 
John  Careless  and  the  prayer-book,  and  again  at  p.  1072. ; 
concerning  John  Hallyer,  who  suffered  in  Cambridge,  as 
it  is  said  behind  Jesus  College,  dj'ing  with  it  in  his  bo- 
som, p.  1518. ;  also  concerning  Cranmer's  heart  (at  p. 
444.),  which  shows  pretty  clearly  that  Foxe  did  not  be- 
lieve the  storj'." 

Dr.  Dibdin,  speaking  of  the  editio  princeps,  in 
his  Bibliomania  (edit.  1842,  p.  239.)  says  :  — 

"  The  curious  reader  who  wishes  to  become  master  of 
all  the  valuable,  though  somewhat  loose  information  con- 
tained in  this  renowned  work  —  upon  which  Dr.  Words- 
worth has  pronounced  rather  a  warm  eulogium  (^Eccle- 
siastical Biography,  vol.  i.  p.  xix.)  —  should  secure  the 
first  edition,  as  well  as  the  latter  one  of  1641,  or  1684; 
inasmuch  as  this  first  impression,  of  the  date  of  1663,  is 
said  by  Hearne  to  be  '  omnium  optima :  *  see  his  Adami 
de  Domerham,  Hist,  de  Reb.  gest.  Glaston.,  vol,  i.  p.  xxii. 
I  also  learn  from  an  original  letter  of  Anstis,  in  the  pos- 
session of  Mr.  John  Nichols,  that  '  the  late  editions  are 
not  quite  so  full  in  some  particulars,  and  that  many 
things  are  left  out  about  the  Protector  Seymour." 

The  late  Mr.  Thomas  Rodd  had,  in  his  Cata- 
logue for  1839,  a  fine  large  paper  copy  of  the  first 
edition,  but  unfortunately  imperfect  at  the  begin- 
ning and  end,-  for  which  he  asked  51.  He  had 
another  copy  in  his  Catalogue  for  1840,  "  the  last 
leaf  supplied  by  fac-simile,"  the  price  of  which  is 
not  named. 

In  glancing  over  a  few  sale  catalogues  just  at 
hand,  I  find  that  Heber  possessed  a  beautiful  copy 
of  the  1570  edition,  in  the  original  binding;  also 
the  edition  of  1576.  Brand,  the  edition  of  1583. 
The  Duke  of  Sussex,  the  editions  of  1596  and 
1684.  J.  Holmes,  the  edition  of  1596.  Pickering, 
besides  the  copies  of  the  first  edition  already 
spoken  of,  the  edition  of  1610  (two  copies)  ;  that 
of  1632  (two  copies)  ;  and  imperfect  copies  of  the 
editions  of  1570  and  1590.  Perry,  the  edition  of 
1641.  Dr.  Bliss,  an  odd  volume  of  the  1641  edi- 
tion. The  Stowe  Collection,  the  edition  of  1684. 
Southey,  the  edition  of  1684. 


404 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"i  S.  VIII.  Nov,  12.  '69. 


Thorpe,  in  his  Catalogue  for  1832,  the  1610 
edition,  marked  21.  12*.  6rf.  Harding  and  Lepard, 
in  their  Catalogue  for  1829,  a  fine  copy  of  the 
1632  edition,  marked  51.  5s.  Leslie,  in  his  Cata- 
logue for  1833,  the  edition  of  1641,  marked 
41.  14s.  6d.;  and  J.  Bohn,  in  his  Catalogue  for 
1843,  a  copy  of  the  same  edition,  marked  51.  i5s.  6d. 

I  find,  from  some  rough  notes,  made  some  years 
since  when  going  through  the  various  cathedral 
libraries,  that  I  have  several  memoranda  of  the 
various  editions  of  Foxe's  Actes  and  Monuments 
preserved  in  these  repositories,  which  may  be  of 
some  use  to  your  valued  correspondent  Me.  J.  G. 
Nichols.  It  does  not  pretend  to  be  a  complete 
list  of  all  the  copies  preserved  in  our  cathedral 
libraries,  but  only  what  I  made  notes  of  at  the 
time. 

Edition  of  1610.     Hereford  Cathedral. 

Edition  of  1632.  Canterbury  and  Gloucester 
Cathedrals. 

Edition  of  1641.     Lichfield  Cathedral. 

Edition  of  1684.  Ely,  Norwich,  Exeter,  and 
Rochester  Cathedrals. 

Perhaps  some  farther  information  as  to  the 
copies  of  Foxe  contained  in  our  cathedrals  may 
be  obtained  from  Mr.  Beriah  Botfield's  Notes  oh 
Cathedral  Libraries,  privately  printed  in  1849. 

I  should  add  that  a  fine  copy  of  the  1570  edi- 
tion is  preserved  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge.  Edward  F.  Rimbault. 


I  have  a  good  copy  of  the  first  vol.,  "  Newly 
recognised  and  inlarged  by  the  Author,  J.  Foxe. 
1576.'; 

This  appears  to  be  of  the  same  edition  as  the 
Tabley  House  copy,  called  by  Mr.  Fodder  the 
third.  My  copy,  however,  is  complete,  as  far  as 
the  first  volume  is  concerned,  whereas  that  at 
Tabley  House  wants  the  title-page  and  part  of 
the  index.  C.  Le  Poer  Kennedy, 

St.  Albans. 


ITALIAN   MUSIC   IN   ENGIiAUD. 

(2"«  S.  viii.  290.) 

The  document  given  by  Abracadabra  is 
nearly  connected  with  the  history  of  the  intro- 
duction of  the  Italian  opera  into  England.  The 
performance  of  Italian  operas  on  the  English 
stage  was  projected  in  1667  by  Thomas  Killigrew, 
and  the  persons  to  whom  the  official  document 
relates  were  amongst  the  intended  performers. 
Pepys,  in  his  Diary,  gives  the  following  particu- 
lars of  Killigrew's  project  and  of  these  musi- 
cians :  — 

"  12th  Februarj',  1666-7.  With  my  Lord  Brouncker 
by  coach  to  his  house,  there  to  hear  some  Italian  musique : 
and  here  we  met  Tom  Killigrew,  Sir  Robert  Murray,  and 
the  Italian  Signor  Baptista  [Draghi],  who  hath  proposed 
a  play  in  Italian  for  the  opera,  which  T.  Killigrew  do  in- 


tend to  have  np ;  and  here  he  did  sing  one  of  the  acts. 
He  himself  is  the  poet  as  well  as  the  musi  cian,  which  is 
very  much,  and  did  sing  the  whole  from  the  words  with- 
out any  musique  prickt,  and  played  all  along  upon  a 
harpsicon  most  admirably,  and  the  composition  most 
excellent." 

Pepys  goes  on  to  relate  a  conversation  between 
himself  and  Killigrew,  in  the  course  of  which  the 
latter  said :  — 

"  That  he  hath  ever  endeavoured  in  the  late  King's 
time,  and  in  this,  to  introduce  good  musique,  but  he 
never  could  do  it,  there  never  having  been  any  musique 

here  better  than  ballads That  he  hath  gathered 

our  Italians  from  several  Courts  in  Christendome,  to  come 
to  make  a  concert  for  the  King,  which  he  do  give  200/. 
a  year  a-piece  to :  but  badly  paid.  .  .  .  He  do  intend  to 
have  some  times  of  the  year  these  operas  to  be  performed 
at  the  two  present  theatres,  since  he  is  defeated  in  what 
he  intended  in  Moorefields  on  purpose  for  it ;  and  he  tells 
me  plainly  that  the  City  audience  was  as  good  as  the 
Court,  but  now  they  are  most  gone.  Baptista  tells  me 
that  Giacomo  Charissimi  is  still  alive  at  Rome,  who  was 
master  to  Vinnecotio  [Vincentio],  who  is  one  of  the 
Italians  the  King  hath  here,  and  the  chief  composer  of 
them." 

«  14th  February,  1666-7.  To  my  Lord  Brouncker's, 
and  there  was  Sir  Robert  Murray,  a  most  excellent  man, 
of  reason  and  learning,  and  understands  the  doctrine  of 
musique,  and  every  thing  else  I  could  discourse  of,  very 
finel}'.  Here  come'  M'  Hooke,  Sir  George  Ent,  Df  Wren, 
and  "many  others ;  and  by  and  b}-,  the  musique,  that  is  to 
say,  Signior  Vincentio,  who  is  the  master-composer,  and 
six  more,  whereof  two  eunuches,  so  tall,  that  Sir  T.  Harvy 
said  well  that  he  believes  thej'  do  grow  large  as  our  oxen 
do,  and  one  woman  very  well  dressed  and  handsome 
enough,  but  would  not  be  kissed,  as  Killigrew,  who 
brought  the  company  in,  did  acquaint  us.  They  sent  two 
harpsicons  before;  and  by  and  by,  after  tuning  them, 
the}'^  began ;  and  I  confess,  very  good  musique  they  made ; 
that  is,  the  composition  exceeding  good,  but  yet  not  at  all 
more  pleasing  to  me  than  what  I  have  heard  in  English 
by  M"  Knipp,  Captain  Cooke,  and  others.  Their  just- 
ness in  keeping  time  by  practice  much  before  any  that 
we  have,  unless  it  be  a  good  band  of  practised  fiddlers." 

Evelyn,  in  his  Diary,  under  date  24th  January, 
1666-7,  acquaints  us  that  he  "  heard  rare  Italian 
voices,  two  eunuchs  and  one  woman,  in  his  Ma- 
jesty's green  chamber,  next  his  cabinet." 

One  at  least  of  these  performers,  Signor  Bar- 
tholomeo,  who  was  a  harpsichord  player,  appears 
to  have  continued  in  England  for  several  years. 
Evelyn  mentions  having  heard  him  play  in  No- 
vember, 1679 ;  and,  on  7th  February,  16«2,  re- 
cords that  his  daugl^ter  Mary  became  the  Italian's 
pupil. 

Notwithstanding  Killigrew's  efforts,  no  Italian 
opera  would  seem  to  have  been  publicly  per- 
formed in  this  country  until  1674,  on  5th  January, 
in  which  year  Evelyn  writes  that  he  "  saw  an  Italian 
opera  in  music,  the  first  that  had  been  in  England 
of  this  kind." 

With  reference  to  Abracadabra's  other  in- 
quiry, I  beg  to  inform  him  that  an  Italian  opera 
company  formerly  consisted  of  one  or  two  female 
soprani,  called  respectively  "prima  e  seconda 
donna,"  or  "  first  and  second  woman,"  or,  where 


2'"i  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


405 


there  was  only  one,  as  in  the  case  he  gives,  simply 
"la  donna,"  or  "the  woman;"  one  or  two  male 
soprani  (or  eunuchs),  known  as  "  primo  e  secondo 
uomo,"  or  "  first  and  second  man ; "  a  contraltg, 
sometimes  a  female,  at  others  an  eunuch,  the 
virile  alto  voice  having  been  rarely,  if  ever,  em- 
ployed for  the  opera ;  a  tenor,  and  a  bass.  The 
eunuchs  were,  for  a  lengthened  space  of  time,  the 
most  important  personages  connected  with  the 
Italian  opera,  all  the  principal  male  characters 
being  assigned  to  them.  The  names  of  some  of 
the  chief  of  these  gentlemen  are,  doubtless,  fami- 
liar to  most  readers,  musical  or  otherwise — those 
of  Nicolini  and  Valentini,  celebrated  in  The  Spec- 
tator, and  the  subjects  of  the  epigrams  of  the  wits 
of  the  day  ;  of  Fariiielli,  whose  singing  is  said  to 
have  cured  the  melancholy  of  Philip  V.  of  Spain  ; 
of  Senesino,  known  by  his  contest  with  Handel ; 
and  of  Velluti,  whose  appearance  in  London  is 
within  the  recollection  of  many ;  hardly  need  re- 
calling to  memory.  The  second  eunuch,  men- 
tioned by  Pepys  and  Evelyn,  was  in  all  probability 
the  contralto  of  the  official  document.  A  poet, 
whose  business  was  to  furnish  the  composers  with 
dramas,  was  always,  and  in  Italy  I  believe  still  is, 
attached  to  an  operatic  company.      W.  H.  Husk. 


(2°*  S.  viii.  206.  255.) 

"  Wainsford  "  is  no  more  "  waggon-ford,"  than 
EfFord  is  "  horse-ford."  The  first  syllable  in 
Wainsford  more  probably  refers  to  the  name  of 
the  owner,  or  may  be  from  Dan.  vand,  "  water." 
There  is  TFansford,  a  parish  in  liberty  of  Peter- 
bro',  CO.  Northampton  ;  and  Wansford  in  parish 
of  Nafferton,  co.  York ;  and  WainAeet  on  a  creek, 
CO.  Lincoln,  said  to  be  the  ancient  Vainona, 
and  to  derive  its  name  from  Brit,  iiain  on,  I.  e. 
ilain  avon,  "  the  marshy  river."  Ealand,  igland, 
is  water-land,  i.  e.  "  land  surrounded  by  water," 
and  the  first  syllable  ea,  ig,  like  the  Scand.  aa,  is 
probably  corrupted  from  Goth,  ahwa,  from  L. 
aqua,  a  word  having  its  root  in  the  Sanskrit. 
Efford  might  be  derived  from  ea-ford,  were  it  not 
that  it  was  anciently  written  Einforde  and  Eni- 
forde,  which  are  probably  from  Brit,  hen-fordd, 
"  the  old  ford." 

Axford  is  not  "  Oaks-ford,"  but  the  "ford  of  the 
river  Ax,"  literally  the  "  ford  of  the  water  ;  "  like 
Oxford,  Ashford,  and  Uxbridge,  which  are  not 
the  "  ford  of  oxen,"  the  "  ash-ford,"  the  "  bridge 
of  oxen,"  but  the  "ford  of  the  Ox  and  Ash," 
the  "  bridge  of  the  Ux,"  literally  the  "  ford  of  and 
the  bridge  over  the  water."  (The  ancient  Brit. 
VfoxAfordd  is  supposed  to  have  been  used  in  a  more 
extended  sense  than  the  A.-S.  word,  and  to  have 
denoted  "  a  road  or  passage  whether  over  a  stream 
or  jjry  land.")  The  vocables  .4a;,  Ex,  Ox,  Ux,  Wox, 


Yax,  Yox,  Ash.,  Ouse,  Oise,  Ouche,  Os,  Us,  Use,  Ese, 
Wis,  Esh,  Usk,  Isis,  Itz,  Wish,  Brit,  isc,  are  merely 
different  orthographies  of  the  same  word,  and  may 
be  traced  to  the  Gael,  uisg,  uisge  (Ir.  uisge,  uisc, 
W.  wysg.  Corn,  and  Armor,  isge,  Belg.  escli,  asch), 
"  water,"  which  Gael,  root  is  found  in  some  form 
or  other  in  upwards  of  1000  local  names  in  Eu- 
rope. Again,  Shawford  is  just  as  likely  to  mean 
the  "ford  of  the  water  "  as  the  "ford  of  the  wood ;" 
from  Brit,  ys-aw,  "  the  water."  Conf.  Vonioise, 
Yaarham,  Faxley,  Foxford,  Oxley,  0«burn,  (Ouse- 
burn),  Wishe'dch  (Owse-beach),  Tees  (i.  e.  Yt-ese, 
"  the  water  "),  the  same  word  as  Adige  (G.  Etsch), 
both  having  been  formerly  called  the  Athesis  ; 
Sesia  (Ys-ese),  and  Ticino,  properly  the  Tessin, 
from  Yt-ese-an  (an,  a  river).  There  is  also  a  river 
called  the  Tesina,  on  the  other  side  of  the  Adige 
(not  yet  crossed  by  the  French),  which  rises  in  Le 
Sette  Commune,  and  flows  near  Vicenza.  The 
Welsh  call  Oxford  both  the  "  ford  of  oxen,"  and 
the  "ford  of  the  Ouse  or  water."  (Rydychen, 
Rhydwysg.)  R.  S.  Chabnock. 


"  This  worthy  knight  (John  Arundel)  was  forewarned 
(by  what  Calker  I  wot  not)  that  ho  should  be  slain  on 
the  sands.  This  made  him  to  shun  his  house  at  Efford 
(alias  Ebbing-ford)  as  too  maritime,  and  remove  himself 
to  Trerice,  his  more  inland  habitation  in  this  county,  but 
he  found  it  true  '  Fata  viam  invenient ; '  for  being  this 
year  sheriif  and  the  Earl  of  Oxford  surprising  Mount 
Michael  (for  the  house  of  Lancaster),  he  was  concerned 
by  his  office  and  command  from  the  king,  to  endeavour 
the  reducing  thereof,  and  lost  his  life  in  a  skirmish  on  the 
sands  thereabouts.  Thus  it  is  just  with  Heaven  to  punish 
men's  curiosity  in  inquiring  after,  credulitj''  in  believing 
of,  and  cowardice  in  fearing  at,  such  prognostications."  — 
Fuller's  Worthies  of  Cornwall. 

E.  H.  A. 


SEVEN   DATES    WANTED. 

(2"^  S.  viii.  309.) 

I  hope  the  following  replies  may  supply  G.  W. 
S.  P.'s  vacancies  :  — 

March  8,  1701,  King  William  III.  died  at 
Kensington  ;  1803,  the  Duke  of  Bridge  water, 
the  father  of  canal  navigation,  died. 

March  12,  a.d.  365,  Belisarius  died. 

17,   1715,    Gilbert  Burnet,   Bishop    of 

Salisbury,  died ;  1828,  Sir  J.  E.  Smith,  the  emi- 
nent botanist,  died. 

April  6,  1807,  Lalande,  the  astronomer,  died. 

,  1590,  Sir  Francis  Walsingham  died. 

,  1695,  Dr.  Busby,  Master  of  Westmin- 
ster school,  died. 

July  1,  1312,  Piers  Gaveston  died  at  Warwick. 

,  1690,  Duke  of  Schomberg  killed  at  the 

battle  of  the  Boyne. 

July  1,  1818,  Sir  Thomas  Bernard,  author  of 
Spurinna,  founder  of  the  British  Institution  for 
the  Cultivation  of  the  Fine  Arts,  died. 


406 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°*  S.  Vlll.  Nov.  12.  '59. 


October  6,  1285,  Phillip  III.,  called  the  Bold, 
King  of  France,  died, 

November  26, 1504,  Isabella  of  Spain,  patron  of 
Columbus,  died. 

November  26,  1703,  Kidder,  Bishop  of  Bath  and 
Wells,  a  learned  Oriental  scholar  and  eminent 
prelate,  with  his  wife,  buried  in  the  ruins  of  the 
episcopal  chapel  at  Wells  in  the  great  storm  of 
that  year.  Jamhs  Elmes. 

Blackheath. 


I  send  the  following  list  of  births  to  fill  up 
some  of  G.  W.  S.  P.'s  vacant  dates  :  — 
March  12,  Bishop  Berkeley,  born  1684. 
April  6,  Andrew  Dacier,  born  1651. 
October  6,  Louis  Philippe,  born  1773. 
November  26,  Cowper,  born  1731. 

,  Earl  of  Chatham,  born  1708. 

George  Burgess. 
18.  Lincoln  Street,  Mile  End  Eoad. 


Joseph  Hall,  Bishop  of  Exeter,  and  afterwards 
of  Norwich ;  born  July  1,  1574 ;  died  Sept.  8, 
1656,  set.  82. 

Frederick  VIII.  King  of  Denmark,  born  Octo- 
ber 6,  1808  (present  sovereign), 

Fred  Jean  Joseph  Cilestin  de  Schwarzenberg, 
born  at  Vienna,  April  6,  1809,  Cardinal  Arch- 
bishop of  Prague. 

Joseph  Othmar  Rauscher,  born  at  Vienna,  Oc- 
tober 6, 1797,  now  Cardinal  Archbishop  of  Vienna. 

I  shall  be  able  in  a  few  days  to  answer  the  other 
questions.  W.  B.  G. 

Permit  me  to  cast  one  stone  on  G,  W.  S.  P.'s 
cairn,  by  enabling  him  to  fill  up  one  of  the  va- 
cant dates  with  the  birth  of  the  famous  Scottish 
divine.  Dr.  Thomas  Chalmers,  on  March  17th, 
1780.  D.  S. 


Judges  Black  Cap  (2-"»  S.  viii.  130.  193.  238.) 
—  The  Query  of  your  correspondent  W.  O.  W., 
as  to  the  origin  of  the  English  custom  of  a  judge 
putting  on  a  black  cap  when  he  passes  sentence 
of  death,  has  not  yet  received  an  answer. 

Covering  the  head  was  a  sign  of  grief  and 
mourning,  not  only  among  the  Hebrews,  but  also 
among  the  Greeks :  see  Odyssey,  viii.  85. ;  Eurip. 
Hec,  405, ;  Orest.  42.  280. ;  Suppl.  122.  Among 
the  Romans  it  was  an  established  custom  for  a 
person  who  performed  a  sacrifice  to  cover  the 
head  :  see  Virg.  ^«.,  iii.  404-9. ;  Serv.  JEn..^  ii. 
166.,  iii.  407.;  Victor  de  Orig.  Gent.  Rom.,  12.; 
Plut.  Qucest.  Rom.,  10. 

The  covering  of  the  head  as  a  part  of  the  cere- 
mony of  execution  by  hanging,  according  to  the 
story  of  Horatius  in  Livy  (i.  26.),  must  be  con- 
sidered as  a  custom  originating  partly  in  humane 


motives,  and  partly  m  the  convenience  of  the 
executioner.  Grimm,  D.  R.  A.  (p.  684.),  re- 
marks that  this  custom  obtains  in  several  kinds  of 
(^pital  execution.  It  is  well  known  that  soldiers 
who  are  shot  under  the  sentence  of  a  court  mar- 
tial have  their  eyes  bandaged. 

The  use  of  the  black  cap  by  the  judge,  in  pass- 
ing sentence,  is  purely  symbolical.  It  seems  pe- 
culiar to  England ;  but  the  date  of  its  introduc- 
tion has  not  yet  been  traced.  L. 

Stamford  Hill  (2°"^  S.  viii.  158.) — Idem  sonans 
is  not  always  a  safe  guide,  still  less  similiter  sonans. 
The  places  called  Sandford  Street,  &c.,  in  the 
neighbourhood,  are  so  named  from  the  proprietors 
of  the  land  ;  an  old  family  who  have  been  gene- 
rous benefactors  to  the  charities  of  the  parish. 
Long  before  their  time  Stamford  Hill  was  so 
called  in  the  survey  of  the  manor,  4tli  Edward 
VI,,  1549;  in  an  indenture  of  lease  from  Thomas, 
Earl  of  Cleveland,  28th  Aug.  1638  ;  and  also  in 
the  Survey  of  the  Parliamentary  Sequestrations, 
1652.  It  is  said  to  have  been  originally  called 
Stanford  Hill,  from  stan  (Ang.-S.),  a  stone,  or 
paved  ford  (vadvm  stratum),  which  existed  here 
before  the  bridge  was  built  over  the  Hackney 
Brook.  A.  A. 

Do  Horses  tremble  when  they  see  a  Camel  (2""^  S. 
viii.  354.)  —  Herodotus  (i.  80. ;  vii.  87.)  refers  to 
this  fear  when  he  says  that  the  horse  cannot  bear 
(avex^rai)  either  the  sight  or  the  smell  of  a  camel. 
He  has  a  like  dread  of  the  elephant,  on  which 
some  very  interesting  particulars  are  supplied  in 
Sir  J.  Emerson  Tennent's  last  work  on  Ceylon. 
Familiarity  with  these  animals,  however,  soon 
subdues  this  natural  shyness  in  the  horse.  (Lar- 
cher's  Herod.,  n.  vii.  87.)  T.  J.  Buckton. 

Lichfield. 

Original  of  the  Faust  Legends  (2"'*  S.  viii.  87. 
191.)  —  See  Hewitt's  Ennemoser,  vol.  ii.  p.  142. 
For  the  legend  of  St.  Theophilus,  Ennemoser  re- 
fers to  the  Acta  SS.,  4th  Feb. ;  also  to  Sender 
and  Horst.  Eirionnach. 

Liberavi  aniniam  meavi  (2°''  S.  viii.  108.  157.) — 
Although  this  expression  has  been  both  well  dis- 
cussed and  amply  illustrated  in  your  columns, 
the  exact  words,  as  occurring  in  any  work  of  au- 
thority, have  not  yet  been  produced  ;  and  this  was 
the  original  subject  of  inquiry  (p.  109.).  They 
are,  however,  used  by  *S'.  Bernard ;  to  whose  writ- 
ings one  of  your  correspondents  refers,  as  pro- 
bably containing  the  similar  terms,  "Dixi:  et 
salvavi  animam  meam."  The  words  now  in  ques- 
tion, "  liberavi  animam  meam,"  occur  in  S.  Ber- 
nard's letter  to  the  Abbe  Suger  (Sugerius  Ab- 
bas), wherein  the  saint  strenuously  dissuades  that 
powerful  ecclesiastic  from  a  course  which  he  was 
bent  upon  pursuing,  but  which  Bernard  deemed 


2°<»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  12.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


407 


sinful.  The  letter  ends  thus :  —  "  Liberavi  ani- 
mam  meam :  liberet  et  vestram  Deus  a  labiis  ini- 
quis  et  h  lingua  dolosa."— Ep.  ccclxxi. 

Thomas  Boys. 

Duchess  of  Marlborough  (2"'^  S.  viii.  p.  330.)  — 
Mr.  Weir's  Account  of  Lincolnshire,  vol.  i.  (all 
that  was  published,  and  to  which  I  referred  re- 
specting the  Duchess  of  Marlborough,)  was  pub- 
lished in  1828  ;  and  Allen's  History  of  Lincolnshire 
(vol.  ii.)  was  published  in  1834  — siar  years  after- 
wards. Consequently,  although  the  editor  of  "  N. 
&  Q."  says  that  "  Mr.  Weir's  authority  is  no  doubt 
Allen's  History"  I  must  beg  leave  to  have  con- 
siderable doubts  M^on  the  subject ;  Allen  makes 
references,  in  fact,  in  his  first  volume,  which  was 
publiished  in  1830,  to  Weir's  Lincolnshire,  proving 
that  Mr.  Weir  was  Allen's  authority,  and  not  the 
reverse.  Allen  was  not  very  particular  in  giving 
his  authorities,  or  delicate  in  his  unacknowledged 
appropriation  of  the  labours  of  other  people  :  since 
many  pages  of  his  book  were  taken  without  any 
notice  whatever  from  my  Collections  for  the  His- 
tory of  Boston,  published  in  1820. 

PisHET  Thompson. 

Stoke  Newington, 

Thomas  Maude  (2°*  S.  viii.  291.)— Mr.  Thomas 
Maude  was  a  friend  of  Grose,  the  author  of  The 
History  of  Antiquities,  and  is  alluded  to  by  Grose 
in  the  history.  He  was  a  friend  also  of  Paley, 
who  frequently  visited  him  at  Bolton  Hall.  It 
has  been  said  that  Mr.  Maude  and  his  patron  and 
friend  the  Duke  of  Bolton  are  described  in  one 
of  Smollett's  novels.  Can  any  correspondent  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  supply  any  information  on  this  latter 
point  ?  M.  4. 

The  Wren  Song  (2"^  S.  viii.  253.)  —  A  story  is 
current  in  Ireland,  that  a  wren  hopping  on  a 
drum  at  an  outpost  of  King  William  III.'s  army 
aroused  a  drowsy  sentinel,  and  so  saved  a  sur- 
prise by  King  James;  hence  the  dislike  of  the 
peasantry  to  the  cause  (the  innocent  wren),  a 
feeling  carried  down  to  the  present  day,  and 
evinced  in  wren  processions,  &c. 

F.  R.  S.,  Bibl.  Aul.  Regis. 

Dublin. 

Jacob  Chaloner  (2°^  S.  viii.  323.)  is  probably 
identical  with  James  Chaloner,  sometime  of  Brase- 
nose  College,  Oxford,  and  afterwards  of  Magdalen 
College,  Cambridge,  in  which  University  he  gra- 
duated B.  A.  1619-20,  M.  A.  1623.  He  was  one 
of  the  judges  of  King  Charles  I.,  a  noted  anti- 
quary, and  author  of  A  Short  Treatise  of  the  Isle 
of  Man.  He  committed  suicide  in  1660.  See 
Wood's  Athen.  Oxon.  ed.  Bliss,  iii.  502,  503. 

C.  H.  &  Thompson  Coopek. 

Cambridge. 

Vulgates  of  1482—4  (2"'i  S.  viii.  257.)  —  Your 
correspondent  H.  B.  will  find  the  edition  of  the 


Vulgate  to  which  he  alludes  as  being  so  rare  that 
he  can  find  no  copy  mentioned  in  any  catalogue, 
described  in  Pettigrew's  Bibliotheca  Sussexiana, 
vol.  i.  part  ii.  pp.  337,  338.  A  previous  edition 
by  the  same  printer,  Magnus  de  Herbort  of  Sel- 
genstadt,  Venet.  1483,  is  particularly  described, 
pp.  335 — 337  in  folio,  2  vols.  These  editions  are 
formed  upon  the  Fontibus  ex  Graecis,  &c.  An 
edition  in  folio  and  an  edition  in  4to.  were  in  the 
Library  of  H.  R.  H.  the  Duke  of  Sussex.       O.  C. 

Carriage  Boot  (2°*  S.  viii.  238.  317.)  —  I  sug- 
gest two  etymological  solutions.  The  first  is,  that 
the  word  comes  from  the  Fr.  boite,  a  box  ;  which 
a  carriage-boot  effectually  is;  and  in  both  lan- 
guages the  words  admit  of  a  variety  of  significa- 
tions. What  tends  remarkably  to  confirm  this 
view  is  the  fact  that,  in  the  present  parlance,  the 
coachman's  seat  is  "on  the  box;"  that  is,  on  or 
over  the  front  boot,  boite,  or  box. 

The  second  is,  that  boot  means  boat,  possibly 
from  some  resemblance  in  form  when  first  intro- 
duced ;  or  from  being  attached  to  the  sides  of  the 
carriage  like  boats  to  a  ship,  "  having  then  a  boot 
on  each  side,"  according  to  the  quotation  adduced 
by  the  Rev.  Francis  Trench.  In  fact,  our  present 
word  boot  was  in  the  fifteenth  century  pronounced 
and  written  bote ;  and  boat  was  then  pronounced 
and  written  boot.  This  is  evident  from  the  Promp- 
torium  Parvulorum,  from  which  I  extract  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

"  Boot,  Navicula,  scapha,  simba  {sic). 

Bote,  for  a  mannys  legge,  Bota,  ocrea." 

We  see  here  that  the  English  for  navicula  was 

"boot."     Of  course,  the  spelling  at  that  period 

was  not  in  a  fixed  state ;  but  in  this  instance  the 

above  quotation  is  quite  sufiicient  to  indicate  the 

difference  of  the  pronunciation  of  the  two  words. 

"  Navicula  "  was  not  confined  to  a  vessel  intended 

to  float  on  the  water.     It  signified,  for  instance, 

the  vessel  which  contained  the  incense  used  in  the 

church  (Ducange)  ;  and  even  to  this  day  the  same 

vessel  is  in  English  called  a  "  boat."    One  or  other 

of  these  solutions  is,  I  think,  the  right  one.  "Utrum 

horum  mavis  accipe."  John  Williams. 

Arno's  Court,  Bristol. 

Hammer  Cloth  (2°'^  S.  fiii.  381.)  —  There  can, 
I  think,  be  little  doubt  as  to  hammock-cloth  being 
the  etymologically  correct  word. 

The  seat  to  which  this  is  the  covering,  consists 
of  straps  or  webbing  stretched  between  two 
crutches,  as  a  sailor's  hammock  is  suspended  ;  and 
for  a  like  reason,  viz.  to  ease  the  motion.  In  my 
own  early  days  few  driving-seats  were  on  springs, 
and  this  hammock  or  cradle  was  a  great  relief 
from  the  jar  —  particularly  on  the  bad  pavement 
then  common.  Coachmen  used,  for  the  same 
reason,  to  have  a  strip  of  cork  nailed  on  their 
footboard. 

Hammers,  wrenches,  spare  bolts,  &c.,  were  car- 


408 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  Vill.  Nov.  12.  '59. 


ried  in  a  budget  slung  somewhere  under  the  car- 
riage. A  hammock-cloth  seat  never  has  any 
receptacle  for  tools.  J.  P.  Obde. 

Kilmery. 

Bulse  (2°*  S.  viii.  327.)  —  From  the  context, 
"  whether  a  bulse  or  only  a  few  sparks  of  a  dia- 
mond," it  would  appear  to  be  the  balass  ruby,  or 
carbuncle,  balascio  in  Italian,  balas  in  German, 
and  rubis  balais  in  French.-  But  where  else  is 
Bos  well's  form,  "bulse,"  to  be  met  with  ?      H.  W. 

"  The  Nizam  of  the  Deccan  sent  a  Bulse  of  diamonds, 
sealed  up,  to  Bengal,  to  Mr.  Hastings,  for  the  purpose  of 
his  presenting  them  to  the  King  on  his  arrival  in  Eng- 
land. Mr.  Hastings  had  sailed  for  England  before  the 
diamonds  arrived  in  Calcutta.  They  were  therefore  en- 
trusted to  the  care  of  Captain  Church,  of  the  I02d  regi- 
ment, who  took  his  passage  home  in  the  Hinchinbrook ; 
the  fame  of  these  diamonds,  and  of  their  immense  value, 
had  gone  abroad  —  and  when  the  Hinchinbrook  went 
down  in  Bengal  river,  a  Lascar  took  advantage  of  the 
confusion,  broke  open  the  trunks  of  Captain  Church,  and 
got  possession  of  the  Bulse.  It  was,  however,  rescued 
from  him  before  he  had  broken  the  seals,  and  was  re- 
turned to  Mr.  Crofts,  the  agent  of  Mr.  Johnstone,  who  is 
resident  at  the  Court  of  the  Nizam.  Mr.  Crofts  sent  the 
diamonds  to  England  by  one  of  the  late  ships,  addressed 
to  the  care  of  Mr.  Blair,  of  Portland  Place,  who  is  the 
brother-in-law  of  Mr.  Johnstone.  Mr.  Blair  handed  them 
to  Mr.  Hastings — Mr.  Hastings  entrusted  them  to  Major 
Scott  —  Major  Scott  delivered  them  to  Lord  Sydney — and 
Lord  Sj'dney  presented  them  to  the  King."  The  PoUticnl 
Magazine  (x.  478.)  adds  as  a  note,  "  A  bulse  of  diamonds 
is  a  peculiar  sort  of  a  package  of  diamonds.  They  are 
always  brought  home  from  India  in  a  ease,  which  is 
called  a  bulse." 

R.  W. 

Webster  gives  "Bulse,  a  certain  quantity  of 
diamonds.  Wraxall.  {India.J'  Might  it  not  be 
derived  from  the  Portuguese  bdlsa,a  purse,  pouch, 
bag  ?  R.  S.  Charnock. 

Abdias  Ashton  (2""*  S.  viii.  336.)— Abdias  Ash- 
ton  was  a  donor  to  the  library  of  St.  John's  Col- 
lege, Cambridge ;  and  in  several  of  the  volumes 
in  that  librai-y  there  is  pasted  on  the  inside  cover 
u  printed  label,  of  which  the  following  is  a  copy  : 

"  Abdias  Ashton  SS^^  Theolog.  Bac.  Ecclesiae  de  Mid- 
dleton  in  agro  Lancastrensi,  Rector,  et  hujus  olim  Col- 
jegiii  Socius,  Charissimaj^Iatri  (nam  pio  hoc  nomine 
moribundus  jam  apellavitTDollegium)  ad  hunc,  et  alios 
libros  eraendos  centum  legavit  marcas  anno  1633." 

J.  J.  Howard. 

Lee. 


BOOKS     AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PURCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  foUowing  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
t!ie  gentlemen  by  wliom  tliey  are  required,  and  wlioae  names  and  ad-, 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose. 


CoMMENTAUIOHUM   DE  ReBELI^IONE   AnOLICANA    AB  ANNO    1640    USQUE  AD 

ANN  CM  1(385,  pars  prima. 

Wanted  by  Mesfrt,  Hemingham  ^  UollU,  5.  Honnt  Street. 


The   New  Lavatkr,   or   Improved   System   op   Physioonomy,  by  A. 

Walker.    1839. 
Physiognomy  as  appi^ied  to  Physiolooy,  by  same  author. 

Wanted  by  Samuel  Pope,  2.  Gutter  Lane,  Cheapside. 


Gentleman's  Magazine,  1855,  May,  June,  July,  Sept.,  Oct.,  Nov.  Dec. 
1856,  March,  April,  May,  and  June. 

Wanted  by  J.  R.  Smith,3e.  Soho  Square. 


The  Works  op  Joseph  Mede.  Either  the  edition,  London,  1618-52, 
4to.;  that  of  1664,  2  Vols,  folio;  or  that  of  1672,  folio,  with  Life  by 
Worthington.    The  last  preferred. 

Wanted  by  S.  B,  Peacock,  Solicitor,  Lancaster. 


IVe  have  this  week  been  compelled  to  omit  our  usual  Notes  on  BookSt 
as  well  as  Replies  to  several  correspondents. 

W.    Virtus  in  arduis,  courage  in  difficulffts,  the  motto  of  Lord  Ash- 
burton,is  adapted  from  Horace,  Ad  Delium,  Lib.  ii.  Ode  3— 
"  ^quam  memento  rebus  in  arduis 
Servare  menteip." 

A.  D.  C.    The  line  — 

"  A  thing  of  beauty  ie  a  joy  for  ever," 
is  from  Keats's  Endymion. 

Arthur  Paget.  We  have  referted  to  two  editions  of  Lewis's  Topog. 
Diet.  (1831,  1835\  and  find  the  statement  respecting  "Sutton  Bingham 
church  having  been  formerly  a  chapel  to  Malmesbnry  Abbey  "  is  omitted. 

B.  F.  S.  "  JVo  man  is  a  hero  to  his  valet-de-chambre,"  is  a  saying  of 
the  Prince  de  Condi. 

A.  M.  Consult  Sims's  Manual  of  Heraldry,  pp.  161-177,/or  rtferences 
to  the  Heralds'  Visitations. 

**  Notes  and  Qubriks"  is  publisJied  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  fyr 
Six.  Months  forwarded  direct  Ironi  ike  Publishers  (incluilinn  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  lls.4rf.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  ot  Messrs.  Bell  and  Dai.dy,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.;  to  wliom 
all  CouHONicATioNs  FOR  TQK  fioiTOR  should  be  addressed. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 

gt  ItTtbhnn  oi  lu^jr-Communuatiou 

FOB 

LITERARY  MEN,  ARTISTS,  ANTIQUARIES, 

GENEALOGISTS,  ETC. 

Price  id.  unstamped ;  or  5d.  stamped. 


Contents  of  No.  201.  —  November  5th. 

NOTES :  —  The  Gunpowder  Plot,  &c.  —  General  Wolfe  at  Quebec,  by  J. 
Noble  — Talbot  Monuments,  by  Sir  T.  E.  Winnington  — The  New 
Testament  in  Modem  Greek,  by  J,  H,  van  Lenntp  — Problem  in 
Rhyme,  by  Professor  De  Morgan  —  Inscriptions  and  Epitaphs  —  Hoop 
Petticoats  and  Crinoline  —  The  Epitaph  of  Dean  Nowell,  and  Import 
of  the  Contraction  "  I.,"  by  John  Gough  Nichols. 

Minor  Notes  :  — Richmond  and  its  Maids  of  Honour  —  Ancient  Will 
—  Statistics  of  Letters  sent  by  Post  —  Cromwell's  Remains  —  An  an- 
cient Strike. 

QUERIES:  — Stratford  Family,  by  Thomas  Nicholson  —  Queries  as  to 

Seals. 
Minor  Qderies:  —  Mrs.    Myddelton  —  Cashel    Progresses  —  XJnburied 

Ambassadors  _  "The  Golden   Bough"  —  "The  Wasp"  —  Papier 

Moure  —  Kentish  LongtaUs  —  Purkess  Family — Welsh  Judges  —  Col. 

Johnes  of  Havod,&c. 

Minor  Queries  with  ANSwERs:_FuUer  and  the  Ferrars  — Hammer- 
cloth  —  Fishwick  —  Scavenger's  Daughter  — John  Baptist  Jackson  — 
"  An  Help  unto  Deuocion  "  —  Ste  Ampoule,  &c. 

REPLIES:  —  Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba  —  Titles  conferred  by  Oli- 
ver Cromwell  —  Biblical  Conjecture-Notes  :  the  right  Date  of  the 
Epistle  to  the  Hebrews,  by  T.  J.  Buckton  —  Francis  Burgersdicius, 
by  Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor  —  George  Herbert  and  Theocritus  —  Oliver  St. 
John,  by  John  Maclean. 

Replies  to  Minor  Qoeries  :  —  Seals  of  Officers  who  perished  in  Aff- 
ghanist«n  — Louis  the  Fifteenth:  Earl  of  Stirling  —  Cloven  Foot  — 
Scandal  against  Queen  Elizabeth,  &c. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


A  few  Sets  of  NOTES  AND  QUERIES:- 

First  Series,  12  vols,  cloth,  bds.,  price  61.  6s. 

Second  Series,  Vols.  I.  to  VII.,  3?.  13s.  6d.  cloth  i  and 

General  Index  to  First  Series,  price  Ss.  cloth,  bds.  may  still  be  had. 


2»d  S.  nil.  Nov.  19.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


409 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOVEMBER  19.  1859. 


No.  203.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES:— The  Rebellion  of  1715,  409_Sir  Peter  Paul  Rubens:  De- 
Btroyed  Records,  &c.,410_Extract8  from  an  Early  Manuscript,  411  — 
An  Austrian  Army:  Alliterative  Address  to  Aurora  Borealis,  412. 

Minor  Notes:—  Ancient  Italian  Jests  -"Cutting  One's  Stick"  — 
Drat  'cm.  Oddrot 'em  —  British  Officers,  1711— "In  the  wrong  box- 
Singular  Derivation  of  the  Epithet  "  Whig,"  412. 

QUERIES:  —  William  Nicolson,  D.D.,  Archbishop  of  Cashel,  413. 

Minor  Quehibs:  —  Wreck  of  the  Dunbar  —  Prisoner's  Arraignment- 
Geology  :  Antiquity  of  Man  on  the  Earth  —  "  Hockley  i'  th'  Hole  "  — 
JEsop's  Fables  — Sir  Humpfrey  Talbot  — The  Book  of  Sports  —  Sur- 
plice on  Good  Friday  at  the  Communion  —  Playford  —  The  Style  of 
Grace— Munro—Lomax,  or  Loraas Family— William  Dunkin.D.D. 
—  Owenson  the  Player  — Writers  who  have  been  bribed  to  Silence  — 
John  Phipps  —  "  Decanatus  Christianltatis "  _  Major  Thomas  — 
"  Death  of  the  Fox  "  —  Seal  of  SS.  Serge  and  Baccus,  &c.,  414. 

Minor  Queriei  with  Answers:  — Swans  — L'Abbaye  de  Quincy  — 
"  Bobolink  "  and  "  Cocking  an  Eye  "  —  Brass  at  West  Herling  —  The 
Princess  Borghese  —  Moly  and  Colorabine  — "  Soul  is  form  and  doth 
the  body  make  "  —  Portrait :  K.  B.  32  —  Four  Kings  —  Prince  Rupert's 
Arms  and  Ciest,  416. 

REPLIES  :  —Malabar  Jews, by  J.  H.  van  Leanep,  418  — Titles  con- 
ferred by  Oliver  Cromwell,  419  —  Squaring  the  Circle,  421  —  Supema- 
turals  at  the  Battles  of  Clavijo  and  Prague,  422. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries: — The  Jews'  Spring  Gardens  —  Seals  of 
Officers  who  perished  in  Atf>;hanistan  —  Mrs.  Myddelton  —  What  sort 
of  Animal  was  the  Bugle?  — The  Contraction  "  i."  —  "The  Royal 
Slave  "  —  Villeins  —  Portiouer  —  Spontoon  —  Stratford  Family  — 
George  Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Armagh  —  James  Thomson's  Mar- 
riage —  Notes  on  Trees  and  Flowers  —  Muffled  Peal  on  Innocents' 
Day  —  Scavenger's  Daughter  —  Kentish  Lougtoils  —  Old  Print  — 
Bishop  Gauden — Walpurgis,  423. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


THE    REBELLION    OP    1715. 

In  looking  over  some  papers  which  belonged  to 
Frances  Countess  of  Seaforth,  I  have  found  one 
or  two  which  seem  to  me  worth  publication. 
They  are  not  of  great  historical  interest,  but  of 
some  value,  I  think,  because  they  tell  the  story  of 
and  by  the  defeated  parties,  to  whom  history  is 
seldom  generous,  and  not  always  just. 

Frances  Countess  of  Seaforth  was  daughter  of 
William  Marquis  of  Powis.  Her  husband  and 
father  both  joined  King  James  in  Ireland,  and 
were  both  outlawed.  The  Earl,  her  husband,  died 
in  France  in  1701.  I  suspect  that  the  lady  had 
some  foreknowledge  of  the  Rebellion ;  for  1  find 
her  in  London  in  the  early  part  of  1715.  She 
had,  however,  returned  to  Brahan,  the  family  seat 
in  Scotland,  in  or  before  September  of  that  year. 
Her  son  had  great  seignorial  influence  in  the  north 
of  Scotland,  equally  in  the  eastern  counties,  and 
some  of  the  western  islands.  When  the  Earl  of 
Mar  resolved  to  march  southward,  the  Earl  of 
Seaforth  was  left  behind  to  protect  the  country 
from  the  Earl  of  Sutherlanfl  and  the  Whig  clans. 
This  he  did  successfully,  and  then,  as  Rae  tells  us, 
joined  Mar  with  eight  hundred  horse  and  three 
thousand  foot. 

I  have  referred  to  most  of  the  accounts  of  the 
rebellion,  but  find  merely  a  vague  reference  to 
Seaforth's  campaign ;  the  most  minute  is  Rae's. 
Rae  expresses  fears  lest  he  should  not  have  done 
justice  to  any  one  who  "had  occasion  to  act 
against  the  late  rebellion."    Tliis  was  a  little  over- 


scrupulous. Whether  he  did  equal  justice  to  the 
rebels  is  somewhat  doubtful.  Thus  he  tells  us 
that  Seaforth  and  his  followers  "  miserably  har- 
rassed  the  country  belonging  to  Sir  Robert 
Monro,"  *  *  *  "  stripping  the  women  of  their  very 
body  cloaths,  'till  they  left  them  the  most  miserable 
commonality  of  Britain ;  "  that  they  took  a  great 
many  cattle  from  and  robbed  some  of  the  tenants  of 
Sir  William  Gordon  of  Invergorden,  which  seems 
to  me  probable  enough.  He  then  adds  a  story 
about  a  friend,  who  having  told  the  Lady  Tenenich 
that  Seaforth  was  come  to  protect  her,  "  she  cried 
out  the  Lord  of  Hosts  be  my  Protector .'"  upon  which 
Seaforth,  who  overheard  her,  "  turn'd  about,  and 
immediately  sent  a  party  who  robb'd  her  of  all  her 
cattle  and  moveables  without  doors." 

The  paper  enclosed  appears  to  me  very  like  the 
copy  of  a  dispatch  sent  to  the  Earl  of  Mar.  As 
usual  I  believe  on  such  occasions,  though  written 
in  the  Earl's  name,  it  was  probably  drawn  up  by 
another ;  for  the  writer  drops  into  the  third  per- 
son in  the  penultimate  paragraph.  The  MS.  is 
in  some  places  so  damaged  as  to  be  beyond  my 
conjectures,  and  I  cannot  of  course  answer  for 
the  exact  spelling  of  names,  familiar  perhaps  in 
the  North,  but  not  known  to  me.  Fowles  I  be- 
lieve to  have  been  Colonel  Monro  of  Fowles.    , 

"After  I  returned  Fowles  from  his  attempt  on  the 
town  of  Inverness  which  he  designed  to  possess,  under 
pretence  of  relieving  the  house  of  Culloden,  that  was 
given  out  to  be  besieged  by  the  Laird  of  Mac  Intosh, 
Fowles  applied  to  the  Earl  of  Sutherland  (who  had 
but  then  arrived  from  London)  as  heutenant  of  the  most 
of  the  northern  shires ;  who  with  all  the  forces  he  could 
raise  of  his  own  tenants  vassals  and  dependants,  in  con- 
junction with  my  Lord  Reay,  the  Gunns  of  the  Glen, 
most  of  the  Rosses  and  several  others,  joined  Fowles 
younger  at  Alnes,  who  with  all  the  forces  the  Monroes 
could  make  encamped  there,  where  when  all  met  they 
gave  up  themselves  to  make  a  body  of  three  or  four 
thousand  men,  and  for  the  speedier  execution  of  their 
design,  which  (as  they  confidently  boasted)  was  to  batter 
down  the  house  of  Brahan,  possess  themselves  of  the 
Town  of  Inverness,  overrun  entirely  my  lands,  and  all 
other  opposers.  They  not  only  got  six  pieces  of  cannon 
(with  ammunition  conform)  from  a  man  of  war  in  the  road 
of  Cromarty,  but  also  had  a  concert  with  six  hundred  of 
the  Grants,  200  of  Kilravoch's  men,  100  from  Brodie, 
100  from  Culloden,  and  some  of  the  Stratherick  Frasers 
to  come  by  sea  to  the  said  camp,  for  which  intent  there 
were  several  vessels  sent  them  from  the  Firth  of  Cro- 
marty. 

"In  the  meantime,  I,  being  joined  by  Sir  Donald 
M'=Donald  and  having  a  considerable  body  of  resolute 
men,  upon  Saturdaj'  the  8th  of  October,  marched  from 
Dingwell  through  the  hills  into  Strathspey  [  ?]  ;  and  in 
my  way,  my  scouts  espied  some  horse  and  foot  of  the 
enemy ;  to  whom  they  gave  chase,  and  in  the  retreat 
shot  one  of  the  foot  (who  thereafter  died  of  his  wounds) 
through  the  knee,  from  whom  intelligence  was  had  of 
the  enemy's  camp,  and  of  young  Fowles  being  one  of 
them  that  were  chased. 

"  That  night  I  encamped  at  the  Clairs  (a  little  village 
pertaining  to  Fowles)  ;  the  next  morning  (being  Sunday 
the  9">)  1  marched  eastward  through  the  mountains  with 
design  (if  possible)  to  attack  the  enemy  that  day,  but 


410 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '59. 


when  I  came  to  the  Boaths  (a  place  pertaining  to  Munro 
of  Novarr),  four  miles  distant  from  the  Enemy's  camp,  it 
was  found  impracticable  to  reach  them  that  [day]. 
Therefore  I  encamped  there  and  had  reports  from  persons 
secured  by  my  outer  guards  that  the  Enemys  deserted 
their  camp,  marched  towards  the  hills  and  intended  to 
attack  me.  Wherefore  I  doubled  my  guards  and  ordered 
all  the  army  to  rest  on  their  arms  overnight. 

"  Next  morning  (the  10th),  I  marched  by  break  of  day, 
and  sent  out  several  scouts  as  well  to  view  the  place 
where  the  enemy  encamped  at  Alnes,  as  to  spy  those 
mountains  to  which  they  were  said  to  resort,  that,  ac- 
cording as  I  should  be  informed,  1  might  attack  them  in 
either  of  the  places. 

"  But  or  [ere?]  I  reached  three  miles  off,  I  was  cer- 
tainly informed  that  the  day  before,  about  12  of  the 
clock  in  the  forenoon,  the  enemy  (on  having  assurance 
of  my  approach)  left  their  camp  with  all  precipitation 
and  disorder,  being  so  struck  with  terror  that  the  most  of 
them  threw  off  their  plaids,  cast  away  their  arms,  and 
left  their  cannon ;  which  was  that  night  conveyed  to  the 
man  of  war  from  whence  they  came ;  and  the  confusion 
was  so  great,  that  the  Earl  of  Sutherland,  the  Lords 
Strathnayer  and  Reay,  with  several  other  persons  of  note, 
crossed  the  Bonah  (which  is  the  entry  into  Sutherland) 
with  40  men  only,  leaving  the  rest  of  their  army  to  make 
their  passage  the  best  they  could,  in  order  to  return  to 
their  respective  homes  without  any  determined  resolu- 
tion. Fowles  yoimger,  with  such  as  did  not  desert  him  of 
his  own  followers  (being  left  behind)  or  [ere?]  day  re- 
turned (by  the  hills)  to  his  castle  of  Fowles  (all  the 
time),  garrisoned  and  fortified  by  his  father. 

''  In  this  retreat  there  is  one  passage  that  ought  not  to 
be  omitted  (to  wit),  the  Lord  Reay  (who  left  his  sump- 
tnre  cloth,  and  some  of  his  furniture  and  baggage) :  his 
beating  one  of  his  servants  who  offered  to  take  up  one  of 
his  Lordship's  hulster  capes  that  had  fallen,  telling  him 
how  durst  he  expose  them  so  much  to  the  resolute  fol- 
lowing enemy  as  to  wait  such  a  trifle,  and  that  hulster 
capes  would  be  easily  had,  but  not  lives. 

"  I  finding  the  enemy  thus  flown  away  had  passed  to 
Sutherland,  where  they  could  not  be  easily  reached,  by 
reason  of  their  carrying  all  the  boats  to  and  securing 
them  on  the  other  side,  marched  to  the  Pairs,  where 
they  encamped  at  Alnes,  where  I  stayed  all  night ;  and 
finding  it  a  central  place  betwixt  the  Bosses  and  Mun- 
roes,  I  continued  there  next  day,  and  sent  to  Fowles,  the 
other  principal  men  of  the  Munroes  and  all  the  Rosses  to 
r  ]  protection,  and  secure  for  their  peaceable 

behaviour,  otherways  to  expect  to  be  treated  as  enemies. 
"  While  I  waited  the  message  sent  to  Fowles  and 
others,  the  most  of  those  in  Murray  (formerly  named) 
boated  at  Nairn,  or  thereabouts,  on  Tuesday  the  4th,  and 
came  to  Sandiwich  in  Ross  at  8*^  hour  that  night,  in- 
tending to  join  the  Earl  of  Sutherland ;  but  before  they 
landed  but  40  of  their  men,  they  had  intelligence  that 
the  Earl  of  Sutherland's  camp  was  dissipate,  and  that  I 
possessed  their  ground;  whereupon  they  immediately 
returned  to  their  boats,  and  steered  for  the  port  from 
which  they  sailed ;  leaving  no  other  memory  of  their  ex- 
pedition but  the  slaughter  of  some  few  sheep  they  found 
m  a  cottage  at  the  shore. 

•'  Upon  Wednesday  the  12*1"  I  despatched  my  Lord  Duf- 
fns  with  300  men  by  8  o'clock  in  the  morning,  to  pro- 
claim the  King  at  the  Mercat  Cross  of  Taine ;  and  to 
summon,  in  his  Majesty's  name,  the  magistrates  and 
commonalty  to  give  up  their  arms,  and  secure  for  their 
peaceable  behaviour:  and  some  hours  thereafter,  I  went 
myself  with  some  horse  to  [Kincraigs?]  house,  a  loj-al 
gentleman  of  my  own  name,  hard  by,  which  Sir  W™ 
Gordon  of  Dalpholly's  lady,  with  his  brethren  and  friends, 
kept  a  garrison  in  his  house  of  Inverbrachlie. 


"  The  lady  (who,  at  my  first  approach  to  Alnes,  was 
forsaken  by  her  husband's  brethren  and  most  of  his 
friends,)  sent  a  gentleman  for  my  protection,  who  met  me 
on  my  way  to  Kincraig,  with  whom  I  sent  a  gentleman 
to  assure  her  that  as  my  master  the  King  required 
nothing  at  present  of  his  subjects  but  due  obedience  and 
loyalty,  so  I  was  very  willing  to  give  protection  (in  his 
Majesty's  name)  to  all  that  would  come  into  those  mea- 
sures, and  would  give  up  their  arms  and  ammunition,  and 
secure  for  their  peaceful  behaviour,  on  which  conditions 
the  same  was  offered  to  her. 

"  Upon  receipt  of  this  message  the  lady  made  patent 
doors;  entreated  I  should  cause  enter  the  house  to 
receive  what  arms  she  acknowledged  to  have,  and  con- 
sented a  search  should  be  made  for  such  arms  and  ammu- 
nition if  thought  to  be  there ;  which  accordingly  being 
done,  there  was  some  [  ]  to  the  camp. 

"  As  I  was  at  Kincraig  several  of  the  name  of  Ross, 
Macleod  of  Catboll,  Macleod  of  Guineys,  the  Tutor  of 
Pilton  and  others,  attended  me  in  obedience  to  the  mes- 
sage sent  to  them,  and  required  to  twelve  o'clock  in  the 
forenoon,  Friday  the  14*,  to  perform  all  that  was  re- 
quired of  them ;  which  upon  their  paroles  of  honor  not 
only  to  do  that,  but  also  to  endeavour  to  bring  in  all  the 
other  Rosses  to  the  same  measures,  was  granted  them.i 

"  My  Lord  Duffus  arrived  at  Taine  at  12  of  the  clock 
in  the  forenoon,  and  proclaimed  his  Majesty  (assisted  by 
the  magistrates)  at  the  Mercat  Cross  thereof  with  ring- 
ing of  bells  and  all  other  solemnities  that  the  place 
could  afford ;  and  thereafter  drunk  several  loyal  healths 
which  the  most  of  the  magistrates  and  council  did  very 
cheerfully,  and  promised  to  live  peaceably ;  but  there  was 
but  very  few  arms  found  in  town,  they  being  taken  away 
formerly  by  the  Earl  of  Sutherland. 

"  The  next  day  being  Thursday  the  13*  his  Lordship 
returned  to  the  camp  by  two  in  the  afternoon,  having  sent 
a  small  number  of  his  party  to  search  for  those  that  stood 
out,  and  secure  the  boats  of  several  ferries  from  being 
used  by  the  enemies. 

"  The  same  afternoon  severalls  of  those  gentlemen  that 
[  ]  before  brought  a  few  arms  and  [  ] 

who  was  taken  prisoner  by  the  outer  guards  upon  Mon- 
day the  10*  as  he  was  endeavouring  to  get  privately  to 
his  house,  being  one  of  the  principal  gentlemen  of  that 
name,  is  still  in  custody," 

How  far  this  narrative  can  be  reconciled  witli 
Rae's  version  of  the  story,  I  leave  those  better  in- 
formed to  decide.  T.  R.  O. 


SIR  PETBR  PAUL  BtJBENS  :  DESTEOYED  RECORDS,  ETC. 

"S'  Henry  Mervin  to  app.   Capt.   Gibbon  to    -|^g 
carry  Mons"^  Rubin,"  &c. 

The  subjoined  extract  from  a  docquet  book  of 
Admiralty  Letters  between  the  years  1629  and 
1632,  relates  no  doubt  to  the  departure  of  the 
great  Flemish  painter  from  England,  although 
Mr.  Sainsbury's  book  is  silent  upon  that  head, 
excepting  only  the  minute  of  the  Council  Register 
granting  his  pass,  Jan.  31,  1629-30. 

Unfortunately  this  docquet  book  has  no  dates  : 
the  figures  in  the  margin  (146)  I  presume  to  in- 
dicate the  pagination  of  an  original  letter  book. 
My  Query  is  directed  to  ascertain  the  following 
point :  —  Where  are  the  ancient  letter  books  of 
the  Admiralty  preserved  ?  And  at  what  date  do 
the  earliest  documents  connected  with  that  de- 


2nd  g,  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


411 


partment  commence  ?  I  have  been  given  to  un- 
derstand that  In  the  present  day  they  draught  oflf 
their  accumulations  of  papers  to  the  doclcyards  to 
be  burnt.  Can  this  be  correct?  This  much  I 
know,  that  some  short  time  since  several  very 
valuable  papers,  I  believe  (as  far  as  memory 
serves  me)  connected  with  Nelson,  were  offered 
to  the  Museum  authorities  for  sale ;  who,  con- 
ceiving that  they  might  have  been  illegally  appro- 
priated, communicated  with  the  heads  of  the 
Admiralty  upon  the  subject,  who  disclaimed  all 
title  to  the  property,  it  having  been  condemned 
as  rubbish. 

It  is  not  generally  known  that  the  Rolls,  some 
little  time  since,  burned  a  great  quantity  of  old  Re- 
cords :  touching  this,  I  should  like  some  additional 
information.  I  believe  my  informant  told  me  that 
they  were  medical  accounts  relating  to  prisoners 
in  the  Tower  of  London.  Would  it  not  have 
been  preferable  to  have  sent  them  to  the  auction- 
rooms,  and  so  given  the  public  an  opportunity  of 
preserving  what  the  Vandalism  of  the  nineteenth 
century  takes  upon  itself  to  condemn  as  worthless  ? 

"^hile  alluding  to  Rubens,  I  might  as  well  make 
a  note  that  Harleian  MS.  (No.  218.)  gives  the 
obituary  of  Philip  (set.  38.),  the  brother  of  Sir 
Peter  Paul  Rubens  ;  and  that  of  Albert,  the  son 
of  the  latter,  in  1657.  Abbacasabba. 


EXTRACTS  FROM  AN  EAELT  MANUSCRIPT. 

Arithmetical  Notation.  —  The  following  is  tran- 
scribed from  a  MS.  of  the  end  of  the  fourteenth, 
or  beginning  of  the  fifteenth  century  ;  — 

"  10.  9.  8.  7.  6.  5  4.  3.  2.  1.  Computa  ordine  retro- 
grado  et  sic  prima  figura  primo  loco  posita  valet  se ;  se- 
cundo  loco  posita  valet  decies  se ;  tertio  loco  centies  se ; 
quarto  loco  posita  milesies  se;  quinto  loco  decies  mi- 
lesies ;  sexto  loco  centies  milesies ;  septimo  loco  mille 
millesies;  octavo  loco  decies  mille  millesies;  nono  loco 
centies  mille  milesies;  decimo  loco  mille  mille  milesies. 
Numerorum  vero  alius  digitus,  alius  articulus,  alius  com- 
potus.  Digitus  est  omnis  numerus  infra  decern,  et  debet 
scribi  per  predictas  figuras  simplices.  Articulus  est 
omnis  numerus  qui  potest  dividi  in  decern  partes  equales 
et  communiter  scribitur  per  ciphram  ut  hie :  10.  20.  30. 
40.  Compotus  constat  ex  articulo  et  digito,  ut  hie :  1.  2. 
Et  semper  digitus  est  in  parte  dextra.  Qui  scire  voluerit 
pluries  tabulam  ruminet." 

The /orms  of  the  numerals  have,  of  course,  not 
been  copied.  Is  the  distinction  between  digitus^ 
compotus,  and  articulus,  well  known  ? 


Verses  on  the  Death  of  Edward  IV.  —  In  the 
volume  which  contains  the  above  table,  the  fol- 
lowing hexameters  are  written  in  one  of  the  blank 
leaves  at  the  end,  in  a  hand  probably  of  the  first 
half  of  the  sixteenth  century.  I  follow  the  punc- 
tuation exactly  :  — 

"  Carmina  qui  letus :  tecum  cane  Tristia  mestus 
Heu  pater  heu  pastor  heu  rex  heu  bellicus  armis 


Heu  doctus  Salamon  Jonatbas  Arturus  in  hostes 
Heu  vere  legis  custos  heu  gloria  plebis 
Edwardus  quartus  Anglie  rex  et  decus  orbis 
ToUitur  a  nobis  rosa  mundi  sol  que  triumphi 
Absolon  in  vultu  Salamon  Christi  quasi  cultu 
Templi  fundator  astri  nomen  et  recreator 
Ast  orbis  natis  qui  sit  jam  queso  beatis 
Gallus  obedit  ei  vultu  Scotes  que  subegit 
Protoctoi".  Christi  fidei  victus  nece  tristi 
Celsa  petena  astri  jam  liquit  culmina  castri 
Sol  latit  obscuris  grauibus  dolet  Anglia  curis 
Castra  thoris  plena  psallentum  sunt  per  amena 
Olim  iam  flentum  vix  verba  referre  valentum 
Luce  migrat  celis  nona  rex  noster  Aprilis 
Edwardi  Christi  matris  precibus  que  Georgii 
M  semel  et  C  quater  octo  decies  tribus  aunis 
Cristi  sed  regni  vicenus  tercius  annus 
Natus  que  mense  necat  huius  mors  illius  ense 
Anglia  plange  parens  regis  sic  neustria  nutrix 
Rex  cuius  ex  iure  moritur  cur.  Gallia  confle 
Regem  nunc  reges  plangant  geniti  genitores 
Princeps  dux  que  comes  genitrix  regina  que  proles 
Spiritus  exorent  regis  petat  alta  polorum 
Omnes  Angligiae  quia  rex  et  tutor  eorum." 

Just  below  these  lines,  and  in  the  same  hand, 
are  the  following,  the  object  of  which  is  clear 
enough :  — 

"  Hastyns  hie  domini  Willielmi  corpus  humatur. 
Funde  preces  anima  quod  celi  luce  fruatur. 
Centum  namque  dies  venie  tociens  tibi  dantur 
A  te  quando  pater  et  ave  pro  se  recetantur." 

On  a  preceding  leaf,  in  different  hands  of  the 
sixteenth  century,  are  the  following  :  — 

"  Anno  milleno  C  quater  .  X.  quoque  seno 
Festo  sex  fratrum  .  dat  Northamptonie  bellum 
Campo  sanctarum  viridi  delapray  monacharum 
Quid  plagis  .quid  .  aqua  .  sunt  plurima  corpora  strata 
Ex  quibus  hii .  buc  .  Be .  proceres  iungas  Tal.  et  Egre 
Et  lucy  miles .  deus  hiis .  omnibus  requiem  des.  Amen." 

Over  the  abbreviations,  hue,  Be,  Tal,  Egre, 
are  written  respectively  by  way  of  explanation  or 
completion :  diix  hukhyngham,  vicecomes  bevmond, 
hot,  mond. 

Again :  — 

"  When  qwene  Anne  was  crownyd 
Syr  John  d3'gby  was  beryd 
A  m  d  iij  and  thrytty 
Was  the  date  of  our  lord  I  say  trewly." 

Again,  some  mnemonic  verses  for  the  order  of 
succession  of  the  kings  of  England  :  — 

"  Wil.  con.  Willms.  hen.  Stephanus.  henque  secundua 
EL  Jon.  Henri.  Edwardus  tres.  Ri.  que  secundus 
Postea  regnavit.  Quartus.  quintus  simul  Henri. 
Hen  sextus  regnat.  felice  tempore  viuat 
Edwardus  quartus.  quintus  ternus  que  Ricardus 
Septimus.  Henricus.  octauus  nunc  numerandus." 

Again :  — 

"  Sanguine©  ore  Gallus  contra  Anglos 
Siccine  tam  creb[rjis  frustra  conuentibus  Anglos 
Querimus  et  dubii  pacis  abimus  iter 
Credimus  astute  tritas  dissoluere  gentes 
Quam  retro  ex  nostris  nuUus  amauit  auus 
Sic  michi  persuasi  francus  conseneiet  Anglis 
Cum  dabit  agniculis  vbera  seua  lupa 
Cum  fonte  ex  vno  cerua  lupus  que  bibent 


412 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2W  S.  Vin.  UOV.  19.  '69. 


Tota  ergo  proosus*  (?)  spe  pacis  obimus  inanes(?) 

Multus  et  interiit  nunc  sine  fruge  labor 

Tot  vigiles  curas  sanctuni  mentitis  amorem 

Perdere  disiunctis  regibus  Angle  potes 

Sis  licet  ingratus  nee  quid  gracia  cures 

Exul  ope  nostra  victor,  ad  arma  redis 

Et  nunc  exitis  seua  ad  discrimina  regnis 

Ingenium  expectas  proferat  arma  socer. 
'•  Egidius  Anglicus  contra  Gallos. 

Siccine  tarn  erebra  per  te  mendacia  fiunt 

Galle  tibi  quare  credere  nemo  potest 

Credimus  ut  sanctam  tendis  dissoluere  pacem." 

These  three  lines  might  be  a  prophetic  address 
to  the  Emperor  Napoleon  III. 

I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of  your  numerous  corre- 
spondents would  help  me  to  the  identification, 
and,  I  may  add,  the  translation  of  the  first  and 
last  of  these  sets  of  verses.  H.  F. 


AN   AUSTRIAN    army:     ALLITERATIVE    ADDRESS   TO 
AURORA    BOREALIS. 

Can  you  inform  me  who  wrote  the  alphabetical 
alliterative  poem  commencing  :  — 

"  An  Austrian  Armj'  Awfully  Arrayed, 
Boldly  By  Battery  Besieged  Belgrade"? 

I  am  anxious  to  learn,  as  it  was  a  subject  of 
much  discussion  during  a  late  passage  over  from 
Boston  to  Liverpool,  and  no  one  could  give  a 
satisfactory  reply.  During  our  voyage  in  the 
"Europa"  steamer,  we  were  fortunate  in  having 
almost  every  evening  most  beautiful  Auroral  dis- 
plays :  and  one  evening,  whilst  walking  the  deck, 
the  writer  and  two  fellow -passengers  passed  away 
an  hour  or  two  in  attempting  to  compose  a  poem 
on  the  Aurora — following  the  alphabetical  system. 
Composed  hastily,  and  dotted  down  by  the  light 
of  the  binnacle  lamp,  couplet  after  couplet,  it 
served  to  give  us  some  amusement ;  and,  if  you 
judge  it  worth  inserting,  may  amuse  others.  In 
the  poem  to  which  I  refer  above,  two  lines  are 
repetitions,  and  one  letter  of  the  alphabet  is  alto- 
gether omitted :  we  managed  to  introduce  all, 
and  found  our  labour  vastly  increased  by  the  ne- 
cessity of  avoiding  words,  and  combinations  of 
words,  which  occur  in  that  poem.  H.  C.  B. 

Liverpool. 

P.S.  The   Aurora  at  the  time  extended  over 
the  whole  visible  heavens,  and  by  beautiful  crim- 
son  and    green   pencils   of   light   eclipsed   Ursa 
Major  almost  completely. 
An  Artful  And  Amusing  Attempt  At  Alphabetical 

Allite7-ation  Addressing  Aurora. 
Awake  Aurora !  And  Across  All  Airs 
By  Brilliant  Blazon  Banish  Boreal  Bears, 
Crossing  Cold  Canope's  Celestial  Crown, 
Deep  Darts  Descending  Dive  Delusive  Down. 
Entranced  Each  Eve  "  Europa's"  Every  Eye 
Firm  Fixed  Forever  Fastens  Faithfully, 


Greets  Golden  Guerdon  Gloriously  Grand  ; 

How  Holy  Heaven  Holds  High  His  Hollow  Hand ! 

Ignoble  Ignorance,  Inapt  Indeed  — 

Jeers  Jestingly  Just  Jupiter's  Jereed : 

Knavish  Kham8chatkans,KnightlyKurdsmenKnow 

Long  Labrador's  Light  Lustre  Looming  Low  ; 

Midst  Myriad  Multitudes  Majestic  Might 

No  Nature  Nobler  Numbers  Neptune's  Night. 

Opal  Of  Oxus  Or  Old  Ophir's  Ores 

Pale  Pyrrhic  Pyres  Prismatic  Purple  Pours,  — 

Quiescent  Quivering,  Quickly,  Quaintly  Queer, 

Rich,  Rosy,  Regal  Rays  Resplendent  Rear ; 

Strange  Shooting  Streamers  Streaking  Starry  Skies 

Trail  Their  Triumphant  Tresses — Trembling  Ties. 

Unseen,  Unhonoured  Ursa,  —  Underneath 

Veiled,  Vanquished — Vainly  Vying  —  Vanisheth  : 

Wild  Woden,  Warning,  Watchful — Whispers  Wan 

Xanthitic  Xeres,  Xerxes,  Xenophon, 

Yet  Yielding  Yesternight  Yules  Yell  Yawns 

Zenith's  Zebraic  Zizzag,  Zodiac  Zones. 


Perhaps  meant  for  prorsus. 


Minav  ^atti. 

Ancient  Italian  Jests.  —  Castiglione,  in  his  Cor- 
tigiano  (published  in  1528),  lays  down  rules  as  to 
the  style  of  pleasantry  which  becomes  a  refined 
and  high-bred  courtier ;  and  illustrates  his  pre- 
cepts by  a  collection  of  jests  and  facetious  stories. 
One  of  these,  attributed  to  a  Florentine  citizen, 
exactly  resembles  an  Irish  bull.  The  story  is  as 
follows.  When  the  Florentines  were  at  war  with 
Pisa,  they  were  in  a  financial  difficulty,  and  a  citi- 
zen proposed,  as  a  means  of  obtaining  money,  that, 
whereas  the  Florentines  had  hitherto  levied  cus- 
tom duties  at  each  of  the  eleven  gates  of  their 
city,  they  should  make  eleven  other  gates,  and 
thus  double  their  receipts.  Another  story  ap- 
pears to  be  the  original  of  the  well-known  inci- 
dent of  the  unfreezing  of  the  horn  in  Baron 
Munchausen's  Travels.  A  merchant  of  Lucca  had 
travelled  to  Poland,  in  order  to  buy  furs ;  but  as 
there  was  at  that  time  a  war  with  Muscovy,  from 
which  country  the  furs  were  procured,  the  Luc- 
chese  merchant  was  directed  to  the  confines  of  the 
two  countries.  On  reaching  the  Borysthenes, 
which  divided  Poland  and  Muscovy,  he  found 
that  the  Muscovite  traders  remained  on  their  own 
side  of  the  river,  from  distrust,  on  account  of  the 
state  of  hostilities.  The  Muscovites,  desirous  of 
being  heard  across  the  river,  announced  the 
prices  of  their  furs  in  a  loud  voice  ;  but  the  cold 
was  so  intense  that  their  words  were  frozen  in  the 
air  before  they  could  reach  the  opposite  side. 
Hereupon  the  Poles  lighted  a  fire  in  the  middle  of 
the  river,  which  was  frozen  into  a  solid  mass  ;  and 
in  the  course  of  an  hour,  the  words  which  had 
been  frozen  up,  were  melted,  and  fell  gently  upon 
the  further  bank,  although  the  Muscovite  traders 
had  already  gone  away.  The  prices  demanded  werfr^ 


2»'»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '60.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


413 


however,  so  high,  that  the  Lucchese  merchant  re- 
turned without  making  any  purchase,  (See  the 
Cortigiano,  vol.  i.  pp.  182.  184.  ed.  1803.)  L. 

"  Cutting  Ones  Stick"  —  This  vulgarism  of  fast 
life  would  appear  to  be  a  corruption  of  a  phrase 
not  uncommon  in  the  high  life  of  the  last  century. 
Walpole,  writing  to  Lord  Strafford,  Oct.  16,  1770, 
in  reply  to  his  inquiries  after  his  gout,  says  :  — 

"  I  came  to  town  on  Sunday,  and  can  creep  about  my 
room  even  Avitbout  a  stick,  -which  is  more  felicity  to  me 
than  if  I  had  got  a  white  one.  I  do  not  aim  yet  at  such 
preferment  as  walking  up  stairs ;  but  having  moulted  my 
stick,  I  flatter  myself  I  shall  come  forth  again  without 
being  lame," 

John  Times. 

Drat  'em,  Oddrot  ''em.  —  The  following  sugges- 
tion as  to  the  origin  of  the  expressions  drat  'em, 
oddrot  'em  in  old  English  comic  writers,  if  new, 
may  interest  some  of  your  readers.  Probably  the 
full  expression  was  originally  "  may  the  gods  out- 
root  them."  This  would  easily  pass  into  oddrot  'em, 
and  drat  'em  would  as  easily  follow. 

The  expression  is  used  in  Latin  comedy ;    cf. 
Terence,  Andria,  Act  IV.  Sc.  4.  v.  22.,  and  Heau- 
iontim.,  Act  III.  Sc.  3.  v.  28. :  — 
"  Di  te  eradicent." 

Cantab, 

British  Officers,  1711.  — When  the  expedition 
against  Canada  was  got  up  in  the  reign  of  Queen 
Anne,  thirty  Serjeants  were  sent  to  New  York 
with  lieutenants'  commissions,  and  to  be  employed 
on  that  service.  They  were  afterwards  (Dec.  25, 
1712)  put  on  half-pay  in  that  colony.  The  fol- 
lowing are  the  names  of  twenty  of  those  offi- 
cers :  — 


William  Hellen. 
Thomas  Garlands. 
Andrew  Nickell. 
Alexr.  Blackall. 
John  Bennett. 
Richard  Kitchiner. 
Timothy  Bagley. 
Martin  Groundman. 
Walter  Harris. 
Abraham  Gee. 
E.  B.  O'Callaghan. 


William  Matthews. 
Matthew  Low. 
James  Dunbar. 
William  Moor. 
Edmund  Blood.* 
James  Hall. 
Philip  Buchurst. 
Samuel  Babington. 
Thomas  Burnit. 
William  Wilkinson. 

Albany,  N.  Y. 

"  In  the  wrong  box."  —  If  you  have  not  already 
done  so,  will  you  make  a  note  that  to  George 
Lord  Lyttelton  we  are  indebted  for  the  above  ex- 
pression ?  His  lordship  always  declared  to  his 
friends  how  much  happier  he  should  have  been 
had  he  been  brought  up  to  some  profession  or 

*  A  gentleman  of  this  name  was  placed  on  active  ser- 
vice in  1723,  as  lieutenant  of  a  company  then  serving  in 
New  York.  He  was  nephew  of  Charles  de  la  Fay,  Under 
Secretary  of  State,  1718-1736,  whose  sister  married  Col. 
[Holcroft?]  Blood,  and  of  whom  it  is  stated  that  she  was 
"  much  fitter  to  command  an  army  than  the  colonel," 


business,  so  difficult  did  he  find  it  to  settle  his  at- 
tention to  anything  to  which  he  was  not  absolutely 
obliged  to  settle  it.  He  was  of  rather  a  melan- 
choly disposition,  and  used  to  tell  his  friends  that 
when  he  went  to  Vauxhall  he  was  always  suppos- 
ing pleasure  to  be  in  the  next  box  to  his,  or,  at 
least,  that  he  himself  was  so  unhappily  situated  as 
always  to  be  in  the  xvrovg  box  for  it. 

11.  W.  Hackwood. 

Singular  Dei'ivation  of  the  Epithet  "  Whig."  — 
Every  reader  of  modern  political  history  remem- 
bers the  initials  of  the  statesmen  that  went  to  the 
formation  of  the  catch-word  Cabal ;  and  of  those 
which  gave  rise  to  the  singular  composition  of 
Smectymnus  in  the  days  of  Milton,  as  well  as  Dr. 
Johnson's  definition  of  Whig,  as  the  Anglo-Saxon 
for  whey  or  butter-milk ;  also  the  name  of  a  party 
in  Queen  Anne's  reign,  well  described  by  Swift, 
But  I  have  recently  heard  from  a  learned  friend, 
who  at  the  time  would  not  refer  to  his  authority, 
that  he  had  read  that  an  appropriate  application, 
if  not  exactly  derivation,  had  been  supplied  by 
the  initials  of  the  words  of  the  motto  of  a  party 
about  Cromwell's  time,  viz.  "  We  hope  in  God." 

Can  any  of  your  numerous  political  and  philo- 
logical readers  inform  me  whence  the  origin  of 
this  derivation  is  to  be  found  ?  I  shall  be  glad  of 
any  information  referring  to  the  above  subject, 

K.  F.  W. 


^mtitg* 


WILLIAM   NICOLSON,    D.D.,    ARCHBISHOP   Or 
CASHEL. 

Archdeacon  Cotton,  in  his  Fasti  Ecclesias  Hi- 
bernicce,  vol.  i.  p.  17,  speaking  of  this  prelate,  who 
was  not  only  a  zealous  antiquary  and  a  learned 
historian  and  philologist,  as  is  proved  by  his  nu- 
merous valuable  writings,  but  was  also  "a  profi- 
cient in  natural  history,"  informs  us  that  he  has 
"  a  small  MS.  volume  written  by  him,  comprising 
an  account  of  plants  growing  in  Cumberland,  and 
especially  in  the  neighbourhood  of  Carlisle,  as  ob- 
served by  himself  in  his  walks,"  Archdeacon 
Cotton  likewise  remarks  :  — 

"  Some  manuscript  volumes  of  his  Diary  are  in  posses- 
sion of  his  family  connexions  in  Ireland,  viz.  the  Maule- 
verers,  descendants  of  the  Rev,  Bellingham  Mauleverer, 
son-in-law  of  the  Bishop.    And  his  Commonplace  book  is 

in  the  Library  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin One  of 

them  [the  volumes  of  the  Diary,  as  he  mentions  in  the 
FaBti,  vol.  iii.  p.  323],  which  I  have  perused,  is  full  of  in- 
teresting information,  and  breathes  an  uniform  spirit  of 
Christian  uprightness,  piety,  and  content." 

Might  it  not  be  well  to  put  in  print,  pro  bono 
publico,  at  least  a  portion  of  the  foregoing,  written 
by  one  who  (to  say  nothing  of  his  other  acquire- 
ments) has  been  termed  by  Bishop  Gibson,  in  a 
note  to  his  edition  of  Camden's  Britannia  (fol. 
1722),  "  a  man  eminent  for  his  knowledge  in  the 
languages  of  the  Northern  nations  "  ? 


414 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2n'J  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19. '59, 


It  is  somewhat  strange  that  Walter  Harris,  in 
Ware's  History  of  the  Bishops,  gives  a  very  scanty 
notice  of  the  prelate's  works  ;  and  that  in  the  His- 
tory of  the  Writers  of  Ireland  there  is  not  even 
mention  of  his  name.  An  enumeration  of  his 
writings  is  given  in  Chalmers'  Biographical  Dic- 
tionary ;  to  which  Archdeacon  Cotton  adds  a  list  of 
seven  sermons,  preached  between  the  years  1685 
and  1716. 

Can  you  refer  me  to  any  quarter  for  informa- 
tion respecting  the  archbishop's  eldest  son,  the 
Rev.  Joseph  Nicolson,  LL.D.  ?  *  He  was  Chan- 
cellor of  Lincoln ;  and  his  only  child,  Mary  Nicol- 
son, was  married,  6th  February,  1744,  to  George 
Blacker,  Esq.  of  Hallsmill,  in  the  county  of  Down. 

Abhba. 


Minav  ihutviti. 

Wreck  of  the  Dunbar.  —  The  ship  Dunbar  was 
on  the  26th  August,  1857,  wrecked  on  the  rocks 
entering  Melbourne  Harbour ;  all  on  board  were 
lost,  with  the  exception  of  one  man  ;  he  was  very 
accidentally  discovered  the  next  day  on  the  cleft 
of  rock.  At  first  it  was  supposed  to  be  some 
piece  of  apparel.  A  brave  youth  volunteered  to 
be  let  down  some  hundred  feet  by  a  rope,  and 
rescued  from  this  perilous  position  a  dying  man, 
in  the  greatest  stage  of  exhaustion.  Query,  was 
he  a  Dane?  Is  he  living?  Was  his  deliverer  an 
Orkney  man  ?  Is  he  still  alive  ?  It  would  be 
satisfactory  to  learn  their  names.  The  inquirer 
will  be  gratified  by  these  individuals  accepting 
(from  the  investigator)  of  ten  pounds  sterling 
each,  supposing  that  they  are  not  in  independent 
circumstances.  C.  F. 

Prisoner's  Arraignment.  —  What  is  the  origin 
of  the  prisoner,  when  he  is  arraigned,  holding  up 
hia  right  hand  as  be  pleads  guilty  or  not  guilty  ? 

NOTSA. 

Geology :  Antiquity  of  Man  on  the  Earth.  —  In 
the  present  uncertain  state  of  geological  science 
respecting  the  antiquity  of  man  on  the  earth,  it 
may  perhaps  be  useful  to  make  a  note  of  a  book 
which  was  published  above  two  hundred  years 
ago,  in  which  an  attempt  was  made,  on  Scriptural 
grounds,  to  prove  that  m«n  were  on  the  earth 
before  the  creation  of  Adam.  The  title  of  the 
book  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Men  before  Adam ;  or,  a  Discourse  upon  Romans  v. 
12 — 14.,  by  which  are  proved  that  the  First  Men  were 
created  before  Adam,  with  a  Theological  System  upon 
that  Presupposition.    8vo.    Lond.,  1656." 

The  work  is  anonymous,  but  the  author  was 


r  *  Joseph  Nicolson,  D.D.,  was  collated  to  a  prebendal 
stall  in  Lincoln  cathedral,  24  May,  1714 ;  and  admitted 
to  the  Chancellorship  of  Lincoln  by  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury's  (Wake's)  option,  11  Feb.  1724-5.  He  died 
Sept.  9,  1728,  and  was  buried  in  the  cathedral  of  Lincoln. 
Two  daughters  survived  him. — Ed.] 


Isaac  la  Peyrere,  a  French  Protestant,  who  was 
thrown  into  prison  on  account  of  his  book.  The 
original  was  in  Latin,  and  published  in  the  year 
1655.  It  caused  considerable  sensation,  and 
several  answers  to  it  were  published.  D. 

*^ Hockley  i"  tK  Hole."  —  Where  shall  I  find  an 
old  ballad  thus  entitled  elsewhere  than  in  the 
Bibliotheca  Pepysiana  f  I  should  be  obliged  to 
any  correspondent  for  a  transcript  of  it. 

W.  S.  Pinks. 

JEsop^s  Fables. — I  have  a  couple  of  mutilated 
editions  of  ^sop,  which  I  should  like  to  have  iden- 
tified :  — 

No.  1.  A  small  octavo,  with  frontispiece:  — 
"  Esop  surrounded  by  his  animals,  &c. ;  Reader, 
good  or  bad,  I  believe  thou  art  not  such  an  ass  as 
to  think  that  all  in  this  book  was  really  done  and 
said  by  Fowles  and  Beasts,"  &c.  Signed,  "  X.  Y. 
Z."  The  fables  and  morals  both  in  prose  and 
verse  ;  very  rude  cuts,  ending  at  p.  348. 

No.  2.  Same  size,  also  without  title.  After 
"Life  of  iEsop"  —  Apthonius,  the  sophist  notion 
of  fable — and  extract  from  Philostratus,  then  fol- 
lows :  "  To  his  Ingenious  Friend  the  New  Trans- 
lator of  Esop,"  and  "To  the  Juvenile  Reader," 
both  in  verse.  Cuts :  the  morals  both  in  prose 
and  verse.  J.  O. 

Sir  Humpfrey  Talbot.  —  Can  any  one  tell  who 
Sir  Humpfrey  Talbot,  sheriff  of  IBerks  in  1480, 
was,  and  his  residence  ?  He  is  mentioned  in 
Berry's  List  of  Sheriffs.  Sbnex. 

The  Book  of  Sports.  —  Arthur  Wilson,  in  his 
History  of  the  Life  and  Reign  of  King  James  I. 
(reprinted  in  Kennett's  Complete  Hist,  of  England, 
ii.  709.),  says  that  after  the  publication  of  the  De- 
claration of  Sports  by  the  king,  in  1618,  the  Lord 
Mayor  of  London,  who  disapproved  of  it,  arrested 
his  majesty's  carriages  when  they  were  passing  on 
a  Sunday  through  the  City.  This  statement  has 
often  been  repeated,  on  the  sole  authority  of  the 
violent  party-writer  referred  to,  or,  it  may  be, 
of  the  unknown  editor  of  his  posthumous  work. 

Can  evidence  of  a  more  credible  kind  be  pro- 
duced for  the  alleged  fact  ?  And  can  any  law  be 
cited,  under  which  the  king's  carriages  could  be 
arrested  at  any  time  on  the  king's  highway  ? 

Wilson  and  his  followers  farther  affirm  that,  in 
1618,  the  Declaration  "  came  forth,  with  a  com- 
mand, enjoining  all  ministers  to  read  it  to  their 
parishioners,  and  to  approve  of  it ;  and  those  that 
did  not  were  brought  into  the  High  Commission, 
imprisoned,  and  suspended."  There  were  such 
proceedings  when  the  Declaration  was  reissued  by 
Charles  I.  in  1633  ;  but  is  there  any  proof  of  their 
occurrence  in  1618  ?  Fuller  and  Collier  agree  in 
representing  that,  in  James's  reign,  it  was  pub- 
lished only  for  the  use  of  Lancashire;  and  that 
even  there,  "  no  minister  was  enjoined  to  read  the 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '59,3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


415 


book  in  hig  parish."  (Fuller's  Church  History^ 
under  May  29,  1618;  and  Collier's  Eccl  Hist,  ii. 
712.,  ed.  1714.)  Scotds. 

Surplice  on  Good  Friday  at  the  Communion.  — 
In  the  j:eview  of  the  "  Rev.  Dr.  Campbell's  visit 
to  England  in  1778,"  in  the  Edinburgh  of  October, 
1859,  page  3.39.,  occurs  the  passage  :  — 

"  Dodd  (the  notorious  Reverend  Doctor)  did  not  read 
the  Communion  Service  rubrically,  for  he  kneeled  at  the 
beginning,  and  though  it  -was  a  Fast  Day,  he  and  his 
coadjutors  wore  surplices." 

As  I  have  always  seen  the  surplice  worn  on 
Good  Friday  by  the  officiating  minister,  I  should 
be  glad  to  learn  whether  this  is  an  innovation 
since  1775,  or  whether  the  gown  was  then  used  by 
the  Irish  church  only,  of  which  Dr.  Campbell  was 
a  member.  I  am  aware  in  the  University  in  Pas- 
sion Week  only  the  reader  in  chapel  wears  his 
surplice.  J.  H.  L. 

Play/ord.  —  Was  Playford,  who  collected  the 
Musical  Companion,  a  Norfolk  man,  or  in  any 
way  connected  with  that  county  ?  Is  anything 
known  of  his  descendants  ?  F.  C.  B. 

The  Style  of  Grace. — When  was  this  style  first 
given  to  the  Archbishops  and  to  Dukes  f  J. 

Munro. — What  is  the  origin  of  the  name  Munro 
or  Monro  ?  It  appears  to  be  principally  borne  by 
Scottish  families,  some  of  whom,  I  believe,  con- 
sider themselves  of  English  extraction. 

Mark  Antont  Lowee» 

Lewes. 

Zomax,  or  Lomas  Family.  —  What  is  known  of 
the  origin  of  the  name  and  family  of  Lomax,  or 
Lomas  ?  Mark,  ANTC«nr  Loweb. 

Lewes. 

William  Dunkin,  D.  D, — Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents give  the  dates  of  the  birth  and  death* 
of  William  Dunkin,  the  friend  and  collaborateur 
of  Swift,  and  author  of  various  poems  and  epistles 
which  were  published  in  2  vols.  4to.  about  the 
year  1774  ?  W.  J.  F. 

Owenson  the  Player. — I  have  heard  from  a  gen- 
tleman now  in  his  eighty-ninth  year  that  he  well 
remembers  Owenson,  the  father  of  Lady  Morgan, 
acting  the  part  of  Captain  O'Cutter  in  Colman's 
comedy  of  the  Jealous  Wife,  with  infinite  humour 
and  success,  about  the  year  1789.  What  other 
characters  used  Owenson  to  sustain  besides  Major 
O'Flaherty  in  the  West  Indian,  Sir  Lucius  O' 
Trigger  in  The  Rivals,  and  Teague  in  The  Com- 
mittee f  Any  information  about  Owenson  would 
be  very  acceptable.  Eblana. 

Writers  loho  have  been  bribed  to  Silence  was  a 
subject  started  in  "N.  &  Q."  nearly  two  years  ago, 

[*  Ob.  Nov.  24, 1765.— Ed.] 


but  it  seems  to  have  hung  fire.  May  I  be  per- 
mitted to  revive  it  by  directing  attention  to  a 
statement  made  in  Timperley's  Cyclopcedia  to  the 
effect  that  Mary  Anne  Clarke  received  10,000/., 
and  an  annuity  of  600Z.,  for  suppressing  a  work  of 
hers  of  which  10,000  copies  had  been  printed ! 
Plowden,  in  his  History  of  Ireland,  and  Curran 
in  his  Sketches  of  the  Irish  Bar,  insinuate  that 
one  of  Sir  Jonah  Barrington's  historical  works 
was  silenced  by  the  government  with  a  bribe. 

W.  J.  F. 

John  Phipps. — Wanted,  information  regarding 
John  Phipps,  author  of  MS.  comedies.  The  Con- 
trasts, The  Important  Discovery,  The  Sycophant. 
These  pieces  were  sold  as  part  of  the  Duke  of 
Roxburgh's  library  in  1812.  Z.  A. 

"  Decanatus  Christianitatis."  —  On  the  map  of 
the  diocese  of  Worcester  attached  to  the  Valor 
Ecclesiasticus,  temp.  Hen.  VIII.,  the  south-wes- 
tern quarter  of  Warwickshire,  apparently  nearly 
corresponding  to  the  hundred  of  Barlichway,  is 
tinted  as  a  separate  ecclesiastical  division,  and 
bears  the  above  inscription,  by  which  I  under- 
stand the  Deanery  of  Christianity.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  suggest  the  reason  of  so  strange  a 
designation  ?  J.  S. 

Major  Thomas.  —  A  gallant  officer,  Majpr 
George  Powell  Thomas,  of  the  3rd  European 
Regiment,  died  from  the  effects  of  wounds  re- 
ceived in  battle  before  Agra,  1857.  It  is  said  he 
was  the  son  of  an  old  Indian  officer,  the  late 
Major-General  Lewis  Thomas,  C.  B. 

From  which  of  the  many  families  of  Thomas 
were  these  heroes  descended  ?  G.  L.  T. 

"  Death  of  the  Fox.'''  —  Can  any  one  inform  me 
whether  Sir  Walter  Scott  composed  a  song  on 
the  "  Death  of  the  Fox,"  and  whether  this  song 
was  sung  in  Edinburgh  at  a  Pitt  dinner?  Can 
the  song  be  found  ?  G.  F. 

Seal  of  SS.  Serge  and  Baccus.  —  I  should  be 
glad  to  know  where  I  can  meet  with  any  en- 
graving or  sketch  of  the  seal  used  by  the  monas- 
tery of  SS.  Serge  and  Baccus  in  France.  I 
have  a  deed  with  the  seal  attached,  but  it  is  some- 
what damaged ;  and  I  am  anxious  to  know  the 
entire  legend,  as  also  some  minutiae  of  detail, 
which  are  destroyed  in  my  specimen. 

William  Henby  Hart. 

Folkestone  House,  Eoupell  Park,  Streatham. 

Goethe's  Clavigo.—ln  the  (Old)  Monthly  Mag- 
azine for  1834,  vol.  xviii.,  there  is  a  translation  of 
Goethe's  Clavigo  by  A.  T.  Who  was  the  trans- 
lator ?  Z.  A. 

"  The  Sack  of  Baltimore."— Many  of  your  cor- 
respondents have,  doubtless,  read  that  beautiful 
ballad,    "  The  Sack  of  Baltimore,"  by  Thomas 


416 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»*  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '69. 


Davis.  I  understand  it  is  founded  on  fact.  In  a 
note,  p.  626.,  Div.  iii.  of  Wright's  History  of 
Ireland,  it  is  related  "  That  in  the  preceding 
summer  (1631)  the  Turks  had  landed  on  the 
coast  of  Cork,  attacked  Baltimore,  and  carried 
away  about  a  hundred  of  the  inhabitants  into 
slavery." 

Now,  in  reference  to  this  ballad  I  would  feel 
obliged  by  some  kind  correspondent's  Notes  to 
the  following  Queries :  — 

1.  What  was  the  Christian  name  of  the  O' 
Driscol,  whose  daughter,  according  to  the  poet, 
"  was  chosen  for  the  Dey." 

2.  What  amount  of  truth  is  in  the  following 
lines  ?  — 

"  She's  safe — he's  dead— she  stabbed  himjn  the  midst 
of  his  Serai ; 
And  when  to  die  a  death  of  fire  that  noble  maid  they 

bore. 
She  only  smiled  —  O'Driscol's  child  —  she  thought  of 
Baltimore  1" 

Theta. 

Dates  of  Early  Plays.  —  Can  you  inform  me 
whether  there  is  any  rule  by  which  an  undated 
early  play  can  be  placed  ?  There  are  some  in 
such  case,  the  type  of  which  is  as  old,  the 
printers  as  ancient,  and  the  general  appearance  as 
crumbly  and  tattered  as  heart  can  wish,  and  yet 
the  first  dated  edition  is  set  before  them.       N.  D. 

Grossetestes  "  Castle  of  Love."  —  Will  some  of 
your  intelligent  readers  throw  a  light  upon  the 
following  lines  in  the  Castle  of  Love,  by  Grosse- 
teste,  reprinted  by  Mr.  Halliwell,  1849,  p.  62. :  — 

"  For  from  the  rode- for  oure  nede, 
Ey3ht  into  helle  he  5ede; 
Fourty  times  ther  he  wes, 
Er  that  he  to  aryse  ches ; 
3et  he  rose  up  on  the  thridde  day, 
Erli  in  the  marnyng  on  a  Sonday." 

Can  it  mean  that  for  the  forty  days  before  the 
Ascension  Our  Lord  daily  visited  and  preached  to 
the  souls  in  prison  ?  George  OrroB. 

Colonel  Brett. — I  am  much  in  want  of  some 
particulars  concerning  Colonel  Brett,  a  well- 
known  celebrity  at  the  beginning  of  the  last 
century.  He  was  the  friend  and  contemporary 
of  Cibber,  Addison,  and  Steele,  and  is  mentioned 
in  the  Tutler  by  the  sobriquet  of  Colonel  Ramble. 
It  is  almost  needless  to  add  that  he  married 
Anne  Countess  of  Macclesfield,  after  her  divorce 
from  the  Earl.  Oxoniensis. 

Bishop  Hurd.  —  The  Ecclesiastical  and  Uni- 
versity Annual  Register  for  1809  contains  a  well- 
written  sketch  of  Bishop  nurd's  life,  with  a  short, 
but  candid  and  judicious  critique  on  his  works. 

Query.    By  whom  was  this  written  ? 

My  suspicions  point  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  Lucas, 
Rector  of  Ripple,  near  Worcester,  who  married 
the  bishop's  niece.    To  him  has  also  been  ascribed 


a  spirited  pamphlet  in  defence  of  the  bishop 
against  Dr.  Parr's  attack  in  the  Preface  to  his  re- 
publication of  Tracts  by  Warburton  and  a  War- 
burtonian. 

Can  any  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  assist  me  in 
tracing  the  authorship  of  these  pieces  to  br.  L., 
or  any  other  person  ?  F.  Kilvebt. 

Bath. 

Gray's  Copy  of  Strypes  Stowe.  —  When  the 
library  of  the  poet  Gray  was  sold  in  the  year 
1846,  among  many  books  which  had  their  margins 
filled  with  MS.  notes  in  the  hand  of  that  eminent 
person,  who  was  as  curious  and  minute  in  his 
investigations  as  he  was  accurate  and  fastidious  in 
his  compositions,  was  a  copy  of  Stowe  s  Survey  of 
London,  of  the  first  edition  by  Strype,  which  was 
sold  for  14Z.  5s.  In  what  public  or  private  library 
is  this  now  to  be  found  ?  J.  G.  N. 


Swans.  — What  are  the  names  given  to  distin- 
guish the  male  and  female  swan  ?  None  of  the 
works  on  natural  history  that  I  have  consulted 
give  this  information.  J.  F. 

[According  to  Yarrell,  the  distinguishing  names  of  the 
male  and  female  swan  are  "  Cob"  and  "Pen."  —  "In  the 
language  of  swanherds,"  [persons  who  have  the  charge  of 
swans]  "the  male  swan  is  called  a  Cob,  the  female  a 
Pen."  (^British  Birds,  ed.  1856,  p.  228.)  With  this  agrees 
the  Penny  Cyclopaidia,  art.  Swan  : — "  Where,  as  it  some- 
times happens,  the  cob  bird  (male)  of  oneownermates  with 
a  pen  bird  (female)  belonging  to  another,  the  brood  are  di- 
vided between  the  owners."  In  the  "  Ordinances  respect- 
ing swans  in  the  Kiver  Witham,  co.  Lincoln,"  a.d.  1524, 
the  male  and  female  swan,  with  reference  to  their  "  sig- 
nets," are  styled  "  sire  and  dam." — Archceol.  xvi.  156. 

A  friend  who,  both  as  a  rower  and  an  angler,  is  well 
acquainted  with  the  Thames  above  bridge,  assures  us 
that  as  far  up  as  Abingdon  the  male  and  female  swan 
are  now  called  vernacularlj'  "  Tom  "  and  "  Jenny"  and  are 
also  distinguished  as  "  Cock  "  and  "  Hen."  Col.  Hawker 
applies  to  the  male  hooper  or  wild  swan  the  term  Gander. 
"  The  old  *  gander  '  was  only  winged."  (^Instructions,  ed. 
1859,  p.  269.)  "  M.  Salerne  dit  .  .  .  .  que,  quand  on  vent 
faire  venir  le  cygne  h,  soi,  on  rappellepodarrf."  "  Suivant 
M.  Frisch,  on  lui  donne,  en  Alleraand,  le  nom  Aa  frank," 
[Franck?]  "  et  il  s'approche  h.  ce  nom."  (ButFon,  art. 
Cygne,  notes.)  Both  terms,  however,  Godard  and  Franck, 
appear  in  this  case  to  be  used  as  epicenes,  i.  e.,  without 
reference  to  sex.] 

VAbbaye  de  Quincy.  —  I  have  a  copy  of  Le 
Gueux,  a  duo.  of  more  than  400  pages,  bound  in 
the  same  original  vellum  with  Le  Voleur  of  549 
pages,  published  at  Rouen  in  mdcxxxii.,  across 
the  title  of  which  is  written  "Labbaye  de  Quincy." 
I  wish  to  ask  where  was  this  abbey,  and  was  it 
for  monks  or  nuns  ?  Also  were  such  books  re- 
cognised as  suitable  for  the  libraries  of  religious 
houses  ?  I  had  an  idea  that  the  reading  of  the 
inmates  of  such  houses  was  very  strictly  confined 
to  religious,  or  at  least  eminently  useful  books, 


2'>4  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


41^ 


such  as  works  on  surgery  and  horticulture,  and 
that  the  superiors  looked  shyly  even  upon  poetry. 

N.  J.  A. 
[We  have  no  means  of  deciding  whether  this  was  the 
Benedictine  Abbey  of  Quin9ay,  forrnerly  Quincy,  situate 
in  a  valley  a  mile  or  two  from  Poitiers,  or  the  Abbey  of 
Quincy  in  Champagne,  which  belonged  to  the  order  of 
Citeaux,  a  branch  of  the  Benedictines.  Both  Abbeys 
were  for  monks,  not  nuns.    "  Quin^ay,  Quinciacum,  en 

Poitou II  y  a  une  abbaye  d'hommes,  de  I'ordre 

de  St.  Benoit."  (Expilly.)  "  Quintiacum  .  .  .  .  vulgo 
Quingay  nuncupatur  ....  Filibertus  Abbas  .  .  .  Quin- 
tiacum Monasterium  ....  Monachis  implevit."  (Vale- 
sius.)  "Quincy,  abbaye  d'hommes,  de  I'ordre  de  Citeaux, 
en  Champagne,  diocese  de  Langres."  —  Expilly.] 

"  Bobolink"  and  "  Cocking  an  Eye." — What  are 
the  meanings  of  "bobolink"  and  "cocking  an 
eye,"  met  with  in  Mrs.  Stowe's  Minister's  Woo- 
ing f  J.  K.  K. 

[Bobolink,  or  Boblink  (^Icterus  agripe7inis),  is  a  lively 
little  bird,  so  called  in  the  eastern  and  northern  states 
from  its  notes.  It  is  highly  esteemed  by  epicures.  W. 
Irving  says,  "  The  happiest  bird  of  our  spring  is  the 
Bobolink.  This  is  the  chosen  season  of  revelry  for  him. 
He  comes  amidst  the  pomp  and  fragrance  of  the  season ; 
his  life  seems  all  sensibility  and  enjoyment,  all  song  and 
sunshine."  —  Wolfert's  Boost.  But  the  epithet  is  some- 
times used  to  denote  an  idler  or  loafer, "  Cocking  an 

eye  "  must  be  left  a  Query.  1 

Srass  at  West  Herling. — In  the  parish  church 
of  West  Herling  in  the  Hundred  of  Giltcross  in 
this  county  there  is  a  brass  inserted  in  a  flat  stone 
monumental  slab  in  the  aisle  with  this  inscrip- 
tion :  — 

"  Orate  pro  animabus  Willi.  Berdewell,  Armigeri,  et 
Elizabethe  uxoris  ejus  unius  filiarum  Edmundi  Wych- 
ynghara,  et  pro  quibus  tenentur,  quorum  animabus  propici- 
etur  Deus." 

I  am  unable  to  decypher  the  meaning  of  the 
words  in  italics,  and  should  be  obliged  to  any 
of  your  correspondents  who  will  explain  their 
meaning.  John  P.  Boileau. 

Ketteringham  Park,  Wymondham. 

[The  passive  verb  teneor  appears  to  be  here  employed 
in  the  sense  of  being  bound,  or  under  obligation,  as  in  the 
phrase  lege  teneri,  "  to  be  bound  by  law."  "  Pray  for  the 
souls  of  William  Berdewell,  &c.,  and  [pray  for  the  souls  of 
those]  _/br  whom  they  are  bound  [to  pray],  to  whose  souls 
may  God  be  propitious  I "  May  not  this  mean,  Pray  not 
only  for  the  souls  of  the  parties  themselves,  but  for  the 
souls  of  those  for  whom  it  was  their  duty,  while  living, 
to  pray,  e.  g.  parents,  benefactors,  &c.] 

The  Princess  Borghese. — I  require  for  a  little 
work  I  have  in  hand  some  particulars  of  the 
death  of  the  Princess  Borghese  (daughter  of  the 
Earl  of  Shrewsbury),  who  died  suddenly  of  fever 
at  Rome  about,  I  think,  1846.  I  have  been  in- 
formed that  a  memoir  of  the  Princess  was  issued 
at  the  time,  but  have  not  been  able  to  meet  with 
it.  W.  S. 

[The  Princess  Borghese  died  at  Rome  in  December, 
1840,  on  which  occasion  was  publishecf  a  i^wneraZ  Oration, 
delivered  at  the  Solemn  Obsequies  of  the  Lady  Gwenda- 


line  Talbot,  Princess  Borghese,  in  the  church  of  S.  Charles 
in  the  Corso,  Dec.  23,  1840,  by  C.  M.  Baggs,  D.D.,  Rome, 
8vo.  1841.  Also  another  pamphlet  entitled  Sur  La  Mart 
Prematuree  de  Lady  Gwendoline  Catherine  Talbot,  Prin- 
cesse  Borghese,  par  Le  R.  P.  Marie-Joseph  De  G^ramb, 
Abbe  et  Procureur- General  de  la  Trappe,  Paris,  8vo, 
1840.    Both  pamphlets  are  in  the  British  Museum.] 

Moly  and  Colomhine.  —  In  the  twenty -sixth 
Sonnet  of  Spenser,  after  enumerating  the  sweets 
and  ills  of  six  plants,  he  continues  :  — 

"  Sweet  is  the  broome-flowre,  but  yet  sowre  enough ; 
And  sweet  is  moly,  but  his  root  is  ill." 
In  another  place  the  usual  word  Columbine  as 
applied  to  the  flower,  is  spelt  Cullambine.  Bine 
is  clear  as  its  most  appropriate  termination ;  but 
what  has  Cullam  to  do  with  the  flower  ?  and  what 
is  the  plant,  tree  or  flower,  called  Moly  f     W.  P. 

[  Columbine  comes  from  Columba,  pigeon,  because  when 
the  outer  petals  of  the  flower  are  picked  off  the  remain- 
der presents  an  extraordinary  resemblance  to  a  pigeon. 

The  Moly  (^i^mK.v')  "  that  Hermes  once  to  wise  Ulysses 
gave  "  to  preserve  him  from  the  charms  of  Circe  is  de- 
scribed in  the  Odyssey  (x.  304.)  as  having  a  black  root, 
and  a  flower  as  white  as  milk.  ] 

"  Soul  is  form  and  doth  the  body  make."  —  In 
what  part  of  Spenser's  Works  is  the  following  line 
to  be  found  ?  I  wish  to  see  the  context,  and  can- 
not hit  upon  the  line,  "  Soul  is  form  and  doth  the 
body  make."  W.  P. 

[It  is  in  the  Hymn  in  Honour  of  Beautie,  v.  133.] 

Portrait :  K.  B.  32.  —  I  have  an  excellent  por- 
trait of  a  young  officer  of  Marines  (I  think)  who 
served  at  the  siege  of  Gibraltar,  1782.  He  is 
leaning  on  a  brass  gun,  upon  the  carriage  of  which 
is  marked  K.  B.  32.  If  you  can  tell  me  what  this 
means,  perhaps  I  can  at  once  tell  who  it  is.  Is  it 
Knight  *  of  the  Bath,  No.  32.  ?  or  is  it  the  num- 
ber and  character  of  the  gun  ?  for  instance  a  32- 
pounder.  H.  Banfield. 

[Viewed  in  connexion  with  the  siege  of  Gibraltar,  we 
apprehend  that  the  gun-mark,  "  K.  B.  32,"  must  be  taken 
to  signify  a  32-pounder  belonging  to  the  King's  Bastion, 
"  From  the  grand  battery,  along  the  sea-line,  the  town  is 
defended  by  the  North,  Montague's,  Prince  of  Orange's, 
King's,  and  South  bastions.  Montague's,  Prince  of 
Orange's,  and  King's  bastions  have  been  erected  lately. 
The  latter  is  a  very  complete  piece  of  fortification,  com- 
manding the  bay  from  New  to  Old  Mole  heads,  and 
mounting  twelve  32-pounders,"  &c.  Drinkwater's  Hist, 
of  the  Siege  of  Gibraltar,  ed.  1785,  p.  27.] 

Four  Kings. — I  have  in  my  collection  of  Green- 
wich Hospital  portraits  one  of  Matthew  Lord 
Aylmer,  sometime  governor  of  that  noble  insti- 
tution, and  on  it  is  "  Matthew  Ailmer  who  en- 
tertained the  Four  Kings  on  board  the  Royal 
Sovereign,  1710."    Who  were  the  four  kings  ? 

R.  H.  S. 

[The  newspapers  merely  give  the  locale  of  the  Four 
Kings,  as  their  family  names  would  doubtless  puzzle  the 

♦  When  was  this  Order  instituted? 


418 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<»  S.  YIII.  Nov.  19.  '59^ 


penny-a-liners  of  that  time.  The  Post-Mem  of  April  20- 
22,  1710,  informs  us,  that  "The  four  Indian  kings,  or 
chiefe,  of  the  five  nations  of  Indians  lying  between  New 
England,  New  York,  Canada,  or  New  France,  who  ar- 
rived here  some  days  ago,  had  on  Wednesday  last  their 
public  audience  of  Her  Majesty  in  great  cei-emony, 
being  conducted  thereunto  in  two  of  Her  Majesty's 
coaches  by  Sir  Charles  Cotterel,  Master  of  the  Ceremonies. 
They  went  yesterday  to  Greenwich,  and  were  entertained 
on  board  one  of  Her  Majesty's  yachts."  They  sailed  from 
Plymouth  in  the  "  Dragon^"  on  May  7, 1710.] 

Prince  Ruperfs  Arms  and  Crest  —  Can  you 
favour  me  with  the  arms  and  crest  of  Prince  Ru- 
pert ?  T.  II.  Bbiggs. 

[Arms,  quarterly;  1st  and  4th  sa.  a  lion  rampant  or; 
2nd  and  3rd  paly  bendy  arg.  and  az.  —  Heylyn's  Help  to 
English  History,  ed.  1773,  p.  212.    No  crest  is  given.] 


MALABAR  JEWS. 

(2°«  S.  iv.  429. ;  viii.  232.) 

Vols.  vi.  and  ix.  of  the  Works,  published  by  the 
Zealand  Society  of  Sciences,  are  now  before  me  : 
but  the  fulness  of  matter,  treated  in  's  Grave- 
zande's  Disquisitions,  precludes  me  from  giving 
anything  like  an  extract.  I  must  limit  myself 
to  the  correction  of  such  errors  concerning  the 
Malabar  Jews  as,  through  misinformation,  have 
appeared  in  your  pages. 

Hamilton  says  that  this  Jewish  community  — 

"  Have  a  synagogue  at  Couchin,  not  far  from  the  king's 
palace,  about  two  miles  from  the  city,  in  which  are  care- 
fully kept  their  records,  engraven  on  copper  plates  in 
Hebrew  characters;  and  when  any  of  the  characters 
decay,  they  are  new  cut,  so  that  they  can  show  their 
own  history  from  the  reign  of  Nebuchadnezzar  to  the 
present  time." 

This  is  not  the  case.  The  Jews  residing  in 
Cochim  already  in  the  year  1686,  had  but  a  very 
confused  notion  of  their  own  history,  and  this 
because  the  plundering  Portuguese  of  1662  had 
made  away  with  the  book  named  The  Book  of 
the  Upright  (not  that  of  Jasher,  Joshua  x.  13.^ 
2  Sam.  i.  18.,  but  Sepher  Haynsar),  in  which  also 
was  written  from  whence  "  the  last  great  multi- 
tude of  people  descended,  that  came  over  in  the 
4250th  year  of  the  Creation,"  a.b.  489.  The 
copper  plates  Hamilton  refers  to  are  the  letters 
patent,  in  which  regal  privileges  were  granted  to 
Joseph  Rabby  by  the  Malabar  emperor  Erawi 
Manwara.  In  Moens's  (not  Moonis's)  time  this 
piece  of  antiquity,  of  which  a  facsimile  is  given  in 
the  Works  of  the  Zealand  Society  (vol.  vi.  facing 
p.  540.),  was  kept  in  the  synagogue  of  the  White 
Jews,  a  quarter  of  an  hour's  walk  from  Cochim. 
The  j>atent  is  neither  written  in  Hebrew,  nor  in 
Hebrew  characters  ;  these,  as  well  as  the  lan- 
guage, are  a  mixture  of  the  old  Malabar,  the 
Tamul,  and  the  Tulingan  tongues. 


Hamilton's  account  of  brass  chronicles  of  the 
Malabar  Jews  induced  Mr.  John  Collet,  of  New- 
bury in  Berkshire,  to  address  himself  by  two 
letters,  of  June  24th,  1753,  and  Jan.  i2th,  1754, 
to  his  old  Lejden  friend  and  college»fello\v  Mr. 
Job  Raster  at  Zierikzee,  requesting  him  to  have 
inquiries  made  from  Zealand  regarding  the  Jews 
residing  at  Cochim.  To  these  letters  he,  in  1754, 
added  a  third,  written  in  Hebrew,  and  with  an 
English  translation  appended,  which  he  wanted  to 
be  forwarded  to  the  Jews  aforesaid.  As,  how- 
ever, to  this  letter  no  reply  was  given,  Mr.  A. 
's  Gravezande,  some  twenty  years  later,  translated 
the  English  version  of  the  same  into  Dutch,  and 
had  it  taken  to  Cochim,  with  some  questions  ex- 
tracted from  Collet's  correspondence.  The  effects 
of  this  epistle  were  remarkable;  's  Gravezande 
tells  us  (/.  c.  vi.  p.  586.)  :  — 

"  It  is  a  fact  worthy  of  notice,  that  as  Mr.  Moens  (the 
then  Governor  of  Malabar),  distinctly  and  in  an  affecting 
manner  read  the  letter,  I  mentioned  to  the  most  distin- 
guished Jews  of  Cochim,  whom  he  had  assembled  for  tha 
purpose,  and  had  come  to  the  part  which  regarded  the 
promise  of  their  deliverance  and  restitution,  they  all, 
partly  from  joy  and  partlj'  from  emotion,  began  to  cry  so 
bitterly,  that  the  reader  himself  was  at  great  pains  to 
keep  his  countenance.  It  indeed  is  hard  to  say  what 
signs  of  agitation  were  to  be  read  from  their  features. 
So  much  so,  that  when  the  lecture  Avas  over  they  wrung 
their  hands  and  looked  each  other  in  the  iiice  with  con- 
fusion, continually  uttering  their  joy  for  the  letter  which 
Collet  had  written." 

'S  Gravezande  concludes  with  th«  prayer,.  — 

"Oh  that  the  salvation  of  Israel  were  come  out  of  Ziont 
When  God  bringeth  back  the  captivity  of  His  people, 
Jacob  shall  rejoice,  and  Israel  shall  be  glad." — Ps.  liii.  6. 

A  somewhat  similar  scene  was  witnessed  by  Mr. 
Moens  on  October  the  15th,  1779,  subsequently 
to  his  public  lecture  of  's  Gravezande's  Historical 
Account  (Geschiedkundige  Nariehten)  to  members 
of  the  same  Cochim  community  :  — 

"After  having  said  that  he  had  presented  the  JewisBr 
Synagogue  in  that  place  with  the  imprint  of  the  copper 
plates,  Moens  thus  proceeds ;  — 

" '  I,  at  the  same  time,  intended  to  give  them  a  tran- 
script of  your  Rev.'s  Account,  but  wanted  first  to  try 
whether  they  should  not  desire  this  out  of  their  own 
accord.  For  that  reason  I  read  it  at  my  house  to  the 
most  notable  of  them,  and  explained  it  as  clearly  as  pos- 
sible —  and  I  had  the  satisfaction  to  see  that  they,  as  it 
were,  gaped  the  words  out  of  my  mouth ;  that  some  of 
them  surrounded  me  and  nearly  crushed  me,  in  order  to 
look  into  the  work  itself,  and  that  sundry  others,  with  a 
faint  murmur,  now  rubbing  and  then  lifting  np  their 
hands,  were  engaged  in  a  very  animated  conversation: 
and  I  must  confess  that  I  was"  greatly  moved  by  their 
doings.  When  they  had  thus  heard  everything,  and  I,  in 
my  way,  had  still  addressed  a  few  cordial  words  to  the 
meeting,  reminding  them,  by  the  bye,  of  what  is  said  in 
Hosea  iii.  4,  5  *,  they  partly  began  to  weep  and  partly  to 
sob,  in  which  condition  they  took  their  leave.' 

*  "  For  the  children  of  Israel  shall  abide  many  days 
without  a  king,  and  without  a  prince,  and  without  a 
sacrifice,  and  without  an  image,  and  without  an  ephod, 
and  without  teraphim. 


2«*  S.  VIII.  Nov.  m  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


419 


"  But,  some  days  afterwards,  they  sent  one  of  theirs  to 
me,  begging  for  a  copy  of  what  I  had  read  to  them,  which 
I  accordingly  gave." 

As  somewhat  akin  to  the  above,  I  make  free 
still  to  add  a  transcript  from  Diary  of  a  Tour 
through  Southern  India,  Egypt,  and  Palestine  in 
the  Years  1821-22,  by  a  Field- Officer  of  Cavalry 
(8vo.  pp.  366.,  Lond.  1823,  Hatchard  and  Son). 
I  have  it  from  the  Literary  Gazette  for  1823, 
p.  664. :  — 

"  The  black  Jews  are  supposed  to  be  the  descendants  of 
proselytes  made  to  Judaism  on  the  first  settlements  of 
white  Jews  in  the  country;  but  nothing  certain  seems 
to  be  known  concerning  them :  they  still  exist  in  large 
numbers  along  the  Malabar  coast,  from  the  ruins  of 
the  Synagogue  we  returned  to  the  Church ;  and  there, 
while  Mr.  Fenn  was  speaking  to  the  Syrians,  I  had  a 
long  and  interesting  conversation  with  Moses,  in  the 
Portuguese  language,  of  which,  fortunately,  he  under- 
stood a  little.  The  sum  of  what  he  told  me  was,  that  the 
Jews,  those  at  least  who  had  studied  the  Sacred  Writings, 
all  agreed  that  the  53d  chapter  of  Isaiah  related  to  the 
Messiah ;  that  the  accounts  given  of  Jesus  of  Nazareth 
exactly  correspond  with  the  description  of  him  given 
therein :  but  that  there  is  one  material  point  in  which 
he  fails,  which  is,  that  having  publicly  declared  He  came 
to  fulfil  the  law  of  Moses,  He  nevertheless  permitted  his 
followers  to  dispense  with  the  rite  of  circumcision,  and  to 
change  the  day  of  the  Sabbath,  —  acts  which  positively 
violated  the  law  of  Moses ;  and  such,  therefore,  as  the 
true  Messiah  would  never  have  allowed.  This  was,  he 
said,  the  common  opinion  of  the  Jews ;  but  he  admitted 
that,  for  his  own  part,  the  undeniable  conformity  of  Jesus 
to  the  predicted  Messiah,  the  long  and  dreadful  disper- 
sion and  suflferings  of  the  Jews,  and  the  present  returning 
kindness  of  the  nations  towards  them,  in  seeming  con- 
formity with  the  time  pointed  out  in  the  prophecies  of 
the  1260  days ;  all  combined  to  throw  his  mind  into  an 
indescribable  state  of  ferment.  He  almost  believed  —  but 
then  the  unaccountable  change  of  the  most  holy  Sabbath- 
day  !  He  allowed  the  total  confusion  of  tribes,  so  that,  if 
Messiah  were  yet  to  come,  He  could  not  be  known  to  be  of 
the  tribe  of  Judah,  unless  b^  a  miracle.  Still  he  thought 
God  would  perhaps  vouchsafe  a  miracle  to  restore  the  iden- 
tity of  families  and  tribes,  and  that  this  was  a  general  belief 
among  his  brethren.  He  says  he  has  read  the  New  Tes- 
tament with  attention,  and  thinks  it  a  most  excellent 
work ;  but  if  its  accounts  had  been  true,  how  was  it  pos- 
sible that  so  many  thousands  of  Israelites,  living  witnesses 
of  the  miracles  therein  related,  could  yet  refuse  to  believe, 
and  even  punish  the  supposed  Messiah  with  death  ?  I 
have  purposely  abstained  from  recapitulating  the  argu- 
ments usually  employed  against  what  Moses  Azarphati 
advanced,  as  they  are  well  known  to  every  Christian  of 
common  intelligence,  who  has  at  all  studied  the  grounds 
of  his  own  belief;  but  I  thought  it  might  not  be  unin- 
teresting to  know  from  the  fountain  head  what  the  Jews 
think  and  say  for  themselves ;  and  Moses  is  really  a  fair 
specimen  of  the  most  liberal  among  them." 

The  second  error  I  have  to  correct  is,  that  the 
piece  of  wood  now  kept  in  the  Zealand  Society's 
Museum  is  inscribed  inazarrexivde,  the  letters 
inverted,  and  to  be  read  from  left  to  right,  as  if 
they  were  types  composed  for  printing.     It  was 


"  Afterward  shall  the  children  of  Israel  return  and  seek 
the  Lord  their  God,  and  David  their  king :  and  shall  fear 
the  Lord  and  His  goodness  in  the  latter  days." 


supposed  to  be  the  remainder  of  a  Romish  crucifix 
erected  by  the  Portuguese  before  the  year  1662, 
when  Cranganore  was  taken  from  them  by  the 
Dutch.  The  manner  in  which  the  letters  are 
placed  makes  us  surmise  that  the  Roman  Catholic 
priests  hit  upon  this  invention  as  more  likely  to 
attract  the  Hebrew-reading  eyes  of  their  Jewish 
Malabar  subjects. 

I  dare  say  Dr.  Todd  will  be  pleased  to  hear 
that  there  exists  a  Portuguese  pamphlet,  15  pages 
in  4to.,  containing  an  account  about  some  Jews 
who,  having  left  Amsterdam  in  November,  1685, 
had  been  on  the  continent  of  Cochim  from  No- 
vember the  21st  to  November  the  25  th,  1686,  and 
had  been  received  and  treated,  there  in  a  very 
kind  and  solemn  way.  This  happened  under 
Commander  Vosburg.  The  title  is,  Notisias  dos 
Judeos  de  Cochim,  mandadas  por  Mosseh  Pereyra 
de  Paiva,  Acuya  Custa  se  imprimirao.  Em  Am- 
sterdam, Estampado  em  caza  de  Vry  Levy  em  9 
de  Ilul,  5447  (being  our  year  1687).  Preceded 
by  the  imprimatur  of  Ishack  Aboab. 

Though  small,  this  little  book  gives  much  in- 
formation regarding  the  Cochim  Jews  of  that 
time,  as  for  instance,  — 

"  The  situation  of  both  the  place  of  abode  and  the  Sy- 
nagogue ;  A  List  of  the  Heads  of  Families ;  The  Condition 
of  the  people  at  that  Period ;  The  number  of  Families  in 
sundry  quarters  of  the  Town ;  Their  History,  Religious 
Customs,  principal  Learned  Men  or  Chachams ;  A  Trans- 
lation of  the  Privilege  accorded  by  Cheram  Perimal 
\_sic'] ;  The  Replies  to  about  50  Questions,  concerning 
their  Rituals ;  with  their  opinions  and  conduct  in  the 
case  of  the  famous  Impostor  or  false  Messiah,  Sabathai 
Sevi :  of  whom  they  know  nothing  else  but  that,  at  the 
time  when  he  was  said  to  be  Messiah,  the  Commander  of 
Cochim  had  received  his  portrait,  to  which  no  one  of 
them  had  shown  any  respect,  and  that,  not  very  long 
afterwards,  they  had  been  informed  by  way  of  Mecca 
that  Sevi  had  suffered  himself  to  be  made  Turk." 

See  A.  's  Gravezande,  in  the  Zealand  Society's 
Worhs,  vi.  p.  524.  and  note  (11.). 

As  an  appendix  I,  inquiringly,  copy  the  follow- 
ing from  the  Literary  Gazette  for  1832,  p.  733.: — 

"The  Jews. — It  is  stated  in  tYiQ  Anglo- Germanic  Ad- 
vertiser (but  we  know  not  if  on  sufiicient  authority,  or 
merely  a  rumour  picked  up  from  an  eastern  (  I )  attendant 
at  Leipsic  fair),  that  the  descendants  of  the  lost  ten  tribes 
of  Israel  are  to  be  found  in  Li  Bucharia.  They  are  said  to 
amount  to  ten  millions,  to  speak  the  language  of  Thibet, 
to  observe  the  rite  of  circumcision,  to  keep  the  Kipour, 
and  to  have  readers  and  elders  like  the  original  Jewish 
people." 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 

Zeyst,~near  Utrecht, 
Oct.  29, 1859. 


TITLES   CONFERRED   BT   OLIVER   CROMWEIX. 

(2°'>  S.  vii.  476.  518. ;  viii.  382.) 

At  the  end  of  a  small  work.  The  Perfect  Politi- 
cian ;  or  a  full  View  of  the  Life  and  Actions  (Mili' 
tary  and  Civil)  of  O.  Cromwell,  12mo.,  London, 


420 


NOTES  AND  QtJERIES. 


[2°«iS.Vm.  Nov.  19.'59, 


1660,  we  have  the  following  "  Catalogue  of 
Honours  conferr'd  on  several  Persons  by  Oliver 
Cromwell,  Lord  Protector,  in  the  time  of  his 
Government" :  — 

"His  Privie  Council. 

Henry  Lawrence,  Lord  President. 

Lieut.-Gen.  Fleetwood. 

Mtyor-Gen  Lambert. 

Philip  Lord  Lisle. 

Nathaniel  Fiennes,  Commissioner  of  the  Great  Seal. 

John  Desbrow,  )  Qenerals-at-Sea. 

Jiidward  Mountague,  j 
-^    Sir  Gilbert  Pickering. 
Sir  Charles  Wolsley. 
Col.  William  Sydenham. 
Edmund  Earl  of  Mulgrave. 
Walter  Strickland,  Esq. 
Philip  Skippon,  Major-Gen. 
Col.  Philip  Jones. 
Richard  Major,  Esquire. 
Francis  Rouse,  Esquire. 
.    John  Thurloe,  Secretary  of  State. 

The  Members  of  the  other  House,  alias  House  of  Lords. 

1.  Lord  Richard  Cromwel. 

2.  Lord  Henry  Cromwel,  Deputy  of  Ireland. 

3.  Nathaniel  Fiennes,  |  Commissioners    of    the    Great 

4.  John  Lisle,  j      Seal. 

5.  Henry  Lawrence,  President  of  the  Privie  Council. 

6.  Charles  Fleetwood,  Lieut.-Gen.  of  the  Armie. 

7.  Robert  Earl  of  Warwick. 

8.  Edmund  Earl  of  Mulgrave. 

9.  Edward  Earl  of  Manchester. 

10.  William  Lord  Viscount  Say  and  Seal. 

11.  Philip  Lord  Viscount  Lisle. 

"T^  12.  Charles  Lord  Viscount  Howard,  -fo  Oh^  6y  Oyay^Utdt 

13.  Philip  Lord  Wharton.  '  ^ 

14.  Thomas  Lord  Faulconb ridge. 

15.  George  Lord  Evers. 

16.  John  Claypole,  Esq. 

17.  John  Desbrow,  \  r.p„p„_,„  .^  c.. 

18.  Edward  Montague,  )  generals  at  &ea. 

y-  19.  Bulstrode  Whitlock.  |  Commissioners  of  the  Trea- 

20.  William  Sydenham,  j      sury. 

21.  Sir  Charles  Wolsley. 
—  22.  Sir  Gilbert  Pickering. 

23.  Walter  Stricklan(i,  Esquire. 

24.  Philip  Skippon,  Esq"^. 

25.  Francis  Rous,  Esq^ 

26.  John  Jones,  Esq'. 

27.  Sir  William  Strickland. 

28.  John  Fiennes,  Esq^ 

29.  Sir  Francis  Russel. 

30.  Sir  Thomas  Honywood. 

31.  Sir  Arthur  Haslerigge. 

32.  Sir  John  Hobart. 

33.  Sir  Richard  Onslow. 

34.  Sir  Gilbert  Gerrard. 

35.  Sir  William  Roberts. 

3?:  Si>er^sl°John,}  Chief  Justices  of  both  Benches. 

38.  William  Pierrepoint,  Esquire. 

39.  John  Crew,  Esq'. 

40.  Alexander  Popham,  Esq'. 

41.  Philip  Jones,  Esq'. 

42.  Sir  Christopher  Packe. 

43.  Sir  Robert  Tichborn. 

44.  Edm.  Whalley,  Com.  Gen. 

45.  Sir  John  Barkstead,  Lieut,  of  the  Tower. 

46.  Sir  Tho.  Pride. 

47.  Sir  George  Fleetwood, 


49. 
50. 
51. 
52. 
53. 
64. 
55. 
66. 
67. 
58. 
59. 
60. 
GL 
62. 


William  Goff,  Es 
Thomas  Cooper,  Esq'. 


Sir  John  Huson. 
Richard  Ingoldsby. 
James  Berrv,  Esq'. 
^  ■"  Esq'. 
r,  Es  _ 
Edmund  Thomas,  Esq'. 
George  Monke,  Gen.  in  Scotland. 
David  Earl  of  Cassils. 
Sir  William  Lockhart. 
Archibald  Johnston  of  Wareston. 
William  Steel,  Lord  Chancellor  of  Ireland. 
Roger  Lord  Broghill. 
Sir  Matthew  Tomlinson. 
William  Lenthall,  Master  of  the  Rolls. 
Richard  Hampden,  Esq'. 

Commissioners  of  the  Great  Seal  and  their  Officers. 
Nathaniel  Fiennes.        John  Lisle. 
William  Lenthal,  Master  of  the  Rolls. 

Officers  attending. 
Henry  Middleton,  Serjeant-at-Arms. 
"M'.  Brown.        M'.  Dove. 
Judges  of  both  Benches. 
•John  Glyn,  Lord  Chief  Justice. 
Peter  Warburton,    )  j      j        f  ^^^  ^pper  Bench. 
Richard  Nudigate,  j  ^^ 

Oliver  St.  John,  Lord  Chief  Justice,  and 
Edward  Atkins,  ■) 

Matthew  Heale,   V  Justices  of  the  Common  Pleas. 
Hugh  Windhara,J 

His  Barons  of  the  Exchequer. 

Robert  Nicholas.  John  Parker,  and 

Roger  Hill. 

Serjeant-at-Lau). 
Erasmus  Earl. 
Attorney  -  General. 
Edmund  Prideaux, 
Solicitor. 
William  Ellis. 
Serjeants-at-law,  called  by  him  to  the  Barre. 
Richard  Pepes,  25  January,  1653. 
Thomas  Fletcher,  25  January,  1653. 
Matthew  Hale,  25  January,  1653. 
William  Steel,  9  Februarj%  1053. 
John  Maynard,  9  February,  1653. 
Richard  Nudigate,  9  February,  1653. 
Thomas  Twisden,  9  February,  1653. 
Hugh  Windham,  9  February,  1653. 
Uiiton  Crook,  21  June,  1654. 
John  Parker,  21  of  June,  1654, 
Roger  Hill,  28  of  June,  1654. 
William  Shepard,  25  October,  1656. 
John  Fountain,  27  November,  1656. 

Viscounts. 

Charles  Howard  of  Glisland  in  Cumberland,  created 
Baron  Glisland,  and  Lord  Viscount  Howard  of  Morpeth, 
the  20th  of  July,  1657. 

Baronets. 

John  Read,  Esq.,  of  Bocket  Hall,  in  Hertfordshire, 
created  Baronet  the  25  of  June,  1656. 

John  Claypole,  Esq.,  created  Baronet  the  16  of  July, 
1657. 

Thomas  Chamberlayn,  of  Wickham,  Esq.,  made  a 
Baronet  the  6th  of  October,  1657. 

Thomas  Beaumont,  of  Staugh ton-Grange,  in  Leices- 
tershire, Esq.,  created  March  5,  1657. 

John  Twisleton,  Esq.,  of  Horesman's  Place,  in  Dartford, 


2°'i  S.  Vlir.  Nov.  19.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


421 


in  the  countv  of  Kent,  created  Baronet  of  the  same, 
March  24,  1657. 

Henry  Ingoldsby,  Esq.,  created  31  of  March,  1658. 

Henrv  Wright,  of  Dagenhams,  in  Essex,  Esq.,  created 
Baronet  March  31,  1658. 

Edmund  Dunch,  Esquire,  of  East  Wittenham,  in  Berk- 
shire, created  Baron  of  the  same  place,  April  26,  1658. 

Griffith  Williams,  Esq.,  of  Carnarvon,  made  a  Baronet 
the  28  of  May,  1658. 

Knights,  when  and  where  made. 

Sir  Thomas  Viner,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  at  Grocers' 
Hall,  Feb.  8,  1653. 

Sir  John  Copleston,  at  White  Hall,  June  1,  1655. 

Sir  John  Reynolds,  at  White  Hall,  June  11,  1655. 

Sir   Christopher   Pack,   Lord   Mayor   of    London,    at 
Whitehall,  Septemb.  20,  1655. 

Sir  Thomas  Pride,  at  Whitehall,  Jan.  17,  1655. 

Sir  John  Barkstead,  at  Whitehall,  Jan.  19,  1665. 

Sir  Kichard  Combe,  at  Whitehall,  Aug.  1656. 

Sir  John  Dethick,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  at  Whitehall, 
Sept.  15,  1656. 

Sir  George  Fleetwood,  of  Bucks. 

Sir  William  Lockhart,  at  Whitehall,  Dec.  10. 

Sir  James  Calthrop,  of  Suffolk. 

Sir  Robert  Tichborn,  Lord  Mayor  of  London,  and  Sir 
Lislebone  Long,  Recorder,  December  15. 

Sir  James  Whitlock,  at  Whitehall,  January^  6. 

Sir  Thomas  Dickeson,  of  York,  March  3, 1656. 

Sir  Richard  Stainer,  at  Whitehall,  June  11,  1657. 

Sir  John  Claypole,  Baronet,  at  Whitehall,  Julv  16, 
1657. 

Sir  William  Wheeler,  at  Hampton  Court,  Aug.  26, 
1657, 

Sir  Edward  Ward,   of  Norfolk,    at   Whitehall,    No- 
vember 2. 

"  Sir  Thomas  Andrews,  Alderman  of  London,  at  White- 
hall, November  14. 
*  Sir  Thomas  Foot,  Alderman  "i 

Sir  Thomas  Atkin,  Alderman  VDec.  5. 

Sir  John  Huson,  Colonel         J 

Sir  James  Drax,  at  White  Hall,  Jan.  6. 
»,    Sir  Henrv  Pickering)  „.,  •,  ^  u   i?  u  i 

Sir  Philip  Twisleton  }  ^  ^'t«^^"'  ^^^-  ^- 

Sir  John  Lenthal,  at  Whitehall,  March  9. 

Sir  John  Ireton,  Alderman  of  London. 

Sir  Henry  Jones,  at  Hampton  Court,  July  17, 1658." 
"  Sic  transit  Gloria  Mundi." 

H.  E. 


S&i-S.S^O 


r 


SaUARING  THE   CIRCLK. 


(2"-'  S.  viii.  291.) 

Eighteen  years  have  elapsed  since  I  first  saw 
tlie  words,  "  Sator  arepo  tenet  opera  rotas,"  which 
were  presented  to  me,  as  a  "  crux,"  by  a  member 
of  the  University  of  Cambridge.  I  believe  the 
translation  (if  any)  to  be,  "  The  sower  holds  the 
wheels;  the  sower  holds  the  works."  I  was  informed 
that  ''  tenet "  is  to  be  twice  introduced,  in  render- 
ing the  passage  into  English.  I  have  consulted 
Riddle's  Latin  and  English  Dictionary,  and  cannot 
find  therein  "  arepo  "  as  a  word,  nor  can  I  find 
"  arepus"  or  "  arepum,"  of  either  of  which  words 
it  might  be  corssidered  the  ablative  case.  "  Ke- 
pus "  or  "  repum  "  does  not  exist  in  the  Latin 
language,  as  far  as  my  limited  experience  serves. 
I  believe  that  "  arepo  "  is  "  opera  "  reversed,  and 


that  the  word  has  been  introduced  merely  to 
"  square  the  circle."  I  need  not  say  that  I  shall 
be  very  glad  to  see  in  print  a  satisfactory  solution 
of  what  has  hitherto  been  unintelligible  to  me. 

Another  example  of  squaring  the  circle  is  given 
in  the  words  "  Silo  princeps  fecit,"  which  is 
doubtless  familiar  to  many  of  your  readers. 

MUTO  QuADBATA  RoTtJNDIS. 


Perhaps  the  following  may  throw  some  light  on 
this  question.  H.  B. 

Five  letters  squared,  and  reading  not  only  forwards 
and  backwards,  but  upwards  and  downwards,  are  certainly 
a  great  "fact  accomplished."  The  artist,  it  is  clear,  was 
not  only  ingenious,  but  sly.  There  is  an  apparent  diffi- 
culty, only  apparent,  in  the  second  line,  arepo,  which  is 
not  a  Latin  word ;  and  though  it  may  be  resolved  into 
either  "k  repo,"  or  "hre  po,"  or  "are  po"  (taking  "po,"  as 
once  it  stood,  for  populo),  neither  of  these  is  a  very  satis- 
factory solution.  In  order,  then,  to  get  at  the  "  true 
interpretation,"  I  shall  beg  leave,  in  the  first  place,  to 
deploy  our  solid  square,  and  draw  it  ou£  in  line.  It  will 
then  stand  thus :  — 

"  Sator  arepo  tenet  opera  rotas ;" 
which  I  take  to  be  two  interrogatives :  — 

"  Sat  orare  poten'  ?  et  opera  rotas  ?  " 
For  the  interpretation  whereof  it  must  be  premised  that  I 
view  "  sat,"  not  in  its  ordinary  import,  sufficiently,  but  in 
its  occasional  signification  of  well,  properly  ("non  sat 
scio,"  I  do  not  well  know ;  "  non  satis  intelligebam,"  I 
did  not  properly  understand) ;  while  "  poten'  "  we  take 
for /wfesne  (as  r /re',  scin',  for  visne,  scisne).  Moreover  in 
the  second  half  of  the  line  we  take  the  "  et "  to  be  the  et 
admirantis  or  iiidignantis,  which  often  commences  a  ques- 
tion ("  Et  vos  acta  Caesaris  defenditis  ?  "  "  Et  causam 
dicit  Sextius  devi?"):  "Opera  "we  understand  in  its 
medieval  sense  of  Church  Services  ("  Opus  Dei,  sacra  li- 
turgia  "),  and  "  rotas  "  in  its  mediaeval  sense  of  gabbling 
("  Rotare,  Effutire  celeri  et  incurioso  sermone  .  .  .  '  Quas- 
dam  resonantium  sermunculorum  taureas  rotant ' ").  The 
whole  passage,  then,  may  be  viewed  as  an  expostulation 
addressed  to  some  ecclesiastical  personage,  possibly  to  the 
unconscious  minister  (in  1614)  of  the  identical  church 
where  the  inscription  was  fastened  against  a  pew ;  and  its 
literal  signification  will  be  — 

"Canst  thou  pray  aright?    and  gabbiest  thou  the 
Services  ?  " 
In  other  words,  — 

"  Can  that  be  a  proper  way  of  offering  prayer,  and  j'ou 
rattling  on  at  such  a  rate  ? "  or,  "  How  can  you  pray 
aright,  when  j'ou  thus  gabble  the  Services  ?  " 

I  must  not  conclude  without  offering  a  farther  sug- 
gestion. The  square  now  before  us,  5x5,  has  this  pecu- 
liarity, that,  after  a  fashion,  it  contains  in  itself  a  date ; 
namely,  the  same  date  that  stands  above  it,  1614.  Of  the 
five-and-twenty  letters  composing  the  square,  twelve  are 
vowels,  and  thirteen  are  consonants.  Taking,  as  it  stood 
in  mediaeval  times,  the  numerical  value  of  all  these 
letters,  that  is,  S  as  7,  A  as  500,  &c.,  the  total  would  be 
4908,  which  is  far  too  high.  But  take  the  consonants 
only.  S  occurs  twice,  T  four  times,  R  four  times,  P  twice, 
N  once.  What,  in  mediaeval  days,  were  their  numerical 
values  ? 

"  Ebdomadae  specie  S  suscipit  ordine  septem." 

"  T  quoque  centenos  et  sexaginta  tenebit." 

"  Octoginta  facit  numerum  quae  dicitur  hsec  R." 

*'  P  similem  cum  G  numerum  monstratur  habere." 

(«  G.  autem  400  designat.") 


422 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2n«»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '59. 


"  N  nonaginta  capit,  quas  sic  caput  esse  videtur." 

Du  Cange. ' 

That  is,  S  =  7,  T  =  160,  R  =  80,  P  =  400,  N  =  90. 

2S=      7x2=      14 

4  T  =  160  X  4  =    640 

4  R  =    80  X  4  =    320 

•     2  P  =  400  X  2  =    800 

N  =    90  X  1  =     90 

Total      -        -    1864 

Tiiis  last  total,  1864,  is  still  above  the  mark ;  but  stay. 
POTESNB  being  excluded  as  not  squaring,  and  poten'  in- 
troduced instead,  we  get  one  E  the  less.  What  is  the 
numerical  value  of  E  ? 

"  E  quoque  ducentos  at  quinquaginta  tenebit "  (250). 

Du  Cange  (1733). 

From  1864,  then,  deduct  250  for  the  E  left  out,  and  the 
remainder  is  just  1614  —  the  very  date  required,  as  it  is 
seen  topping  the  diagram  itself. 

With  regard  to  the  two  letters  which  flatik  the  square, 
E  and  R,  these  might  be  taken,  were  the  date  twelve 
years  earlier,  as  standing  for  Her  sometime  Majesty  of 
glorious  memory,  Elizabetha  Regina.     Possibly  they  are 

the  initials  of  some  Rev.  E R ,  then  officiating  in 

the  church  of  Great  Gidding,  who  little  dreamed  that,  in 
permitting  an  ingenious  device  to  be  put  up  against  one 
of  the  pews,  he  was  bequeathing  to  posterity  a  covert 
memorial  of  his  own  bad  reading. 

It  must  be  confessed  that,  with  respect  to  its  latinity, 
the  style  of  this  inscription  is  somewhat  constrained  — 
hardly  sufficiently  fluent.  But  surely  the  marvel  is,  that 
the  composer  should  have  succeeded  in  connecting  any 
meaning  whatever  with  a  verbal  complication,  of  which 
the  mere  mechanical  construction  must  have  cost  him  so 
much  time  and  trouble.  I  ought  to  add  that  a  ftftad 
is  disposed  to  view  arepo  as  a  cognomen,  and  would 
-ender  the  passage  thus :  — 

"  The  sower  Arepo  holds  the  wheels  in  hia  •work." 

To  your  readers  I  leave  the  decision. 


STIPEENATTJEALS   AT   THE   BATTLES   Or  CLAVIJO 
AND   PEAGUE. 

(2»«  S.  viii.  171.) 

I  do  not  know  which  is  the  best  account  of  St. 
James's  support  to  the  Spaniards  at  the  battle  of 
Clavijo,  but  presume  that  none  is  better  than 
Mariana's.  The  battle  was  fought  in  the  year 
844.  At  the  end  of  the  first  day  the  Spaniards 
had  the  worst  of  it.  In  the  night  St.  James  ap- 
peared to  King  Ramirez  and  promised  his  support 
on  the  morrow.  The  king  told  his  vision  to  the 
troops,  and  ^ave  the  signal  for  fighting.  They 
charged  furiously  and  shook  the  Moors :  — 

"  El  apostel  Santiago  fu  visto  en  un  cavallo  bianco,  y 
con  una  vandera  blanca,  y  en  medio  della  una  Cruz  roxa, 
que  capitaneava  nuestra  gente.  Con  su  vista  crecieron  a 
los  nuestros  las  fuerzas;  los  Barbaros  de  todo  punto  des- 
Jnayados,  se  pusieron  en  huida.  Executaron  los  Cris- 
tianos  el  alcance ;  degollaron  sesenta  mil  moros." 

A  vow  of  King  Ramirez  is  [then  stated,  and 
certain  charges  on  land  set  out,  and,  — 

"  Anadieron  otrosi  en  esto  voto  quse  para  siempre, 
quando  los  despojos  de  los  enemigos  se  repartieseu  San- 


tiago se  contasse  por  un  soldado  de  a  cavallo,  y  levasse  su 
parte.  Pero  este  con  el  tiempo  se  ha  desusado." —  Mari- 
ana, Historia  de  Espana,  lib.  vii.  c.  13.  Madrid.  1679. 
i.  276. 

Mrs.  Jameson  (Sacred  and  Legendary  Art,  p. 
139.)  gives  903  as  the  date  of  the  battle.  I  do 
not  know  on  what  authority. 

"  Mais  de  toutes  les  merveilles  arriv^es  en  ce  temps-1^, 
il  n'y  en  eut  point  de  plus  memorable  par  ses  suites,  que 
celle  que  je  vais  raconter,  et  qui  pr^ceda  immediatement 
la  battaille  de  Prague.  La  nuit  avant  ce  fameux  combat, 
quelques  soldats  her^tiques  de  garde  h,  la  porte  de  I'Eglise 
Metropolitaine,  s'etant  apper9us  qu'il  y  paroissoit  une  lu- 
miere  extraordinaire,  eurent  la  curiosite  d'examiner  par 
les  fentes  de  la  porte  ce  que  s'y  passoit.  L'Eglise  leur 
parut  toute  en  feu ;  et  deja  ils  alloient  sonner  I'alarme, 
pour  appeller  du  secours,  lorsqu'un  nouveau  spectacle 
s'ofFrit  k  leurs  j-eux,  et  leur  fit  connoitre,  que  ce  feu  qu'ils 
apper9evoient,  n'avoit  rien  de  la  nature  des  feux  ordi- 
nal res. 

"C'etoit  trois  hommes  respectables  et  tout  resplen- 
dissans  de  gloire,  dont  I'un  revetu  d'un  surplis,  et  d'une 
robe  longue,  etoit  habille  comme  le  font  les  chanoines  de 
Prague:  ces  trois  premieres  furent  joints  h,  I'heure  meme 
par  trois  autres  personnes  e'galement  eclatantes  de  lu- 
miere.  Tous  six  apres  avoir  confer^  quelque  terns  en- 
semble, se  separerent  et  disparurent  aux  yeux  des  sol- 
dats, qui  frapp^s  d'un  spectacle  si  marveilleux,  et  si 
effrayant  tout  ensemble,  abandonnerent  leur  poste  et 
allerent  r^pandre  dans  toute  la  ville  la  nouvelle  de  ce 
qui  etoit  arrivd  Le  bruit  passa  bientot  dans  I'armee 
Protestante,  campe  k  un  quart  de  lieu  de  Prague,  et 
de-1^,  par  le  moyen  de  quelques  deserteurs,  dans  celle  de 
catholiques,  qui  n'en  etoit  pas  fort  ^loign^e.  Tous  rai- 
sonnerent  sur  le  prodige.  Les  Protestans  n'en  auguroient 
rien  de  favorable  pour  eux.  Les  Catholiques,  au  con- 
'traire,  cruerent  y  decouvrir  une  preuve  certaine  de  la 
protection  des  bien  henreux  Patrons  de  la  Boheme,  et  en 
particulier  du  Saint  Martyr  Jean  Nepomucene,  que  les 
soldats  avoient  distingu^  dans  I'apparition."  —  Marne,  (p. 
161.)  Vie  de  S.  Jean  Nepomucene,  Paris,  1741,  12mo.  pp. 
288. 

It  is  strange  that  the  saint  appeared  to  heretic 
soldiers,  and  that  they  knew  him.  As  his  mar- 
tyrdom took  place  on  the  eve  of  the  Ascension, 
1383,  and  the  battle  of  Prague  on  the  8th  No- 
vember, 1620,  they  could  hardly  have  any  personal 
remembrance  of  him.  Fitzhopkins. 

Garrick  Club. 


The  Jews'  Spring  Gardens  (P' S.  ii.  463.)  — 
So  long  ago  as  1850  an  inquiry  was  made  in  your 
pages  for  the  Jews'  Spring  Gardens  at  Mile  End. 
No  information  on  that  head  has,  I  believe,  yet 
been  given.  Having  occasion  to  refer  to  an  old 
map  of  the  parish  of  Stebonheath,  anno  1702,  in 
my  possession,  I  find  "  The  Spring  Garden " 
marked.  Its  site  was  a  short  distance  from  the 
Mile  End  Road,  on  the  south  side,  and  its  east 
side  abutted  upon  "  Broome's  Lane,"  since  called 
Globe  Lane.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  road, 
but  a  little  farther  eastward,  is  "  Wright's  Lane," 
identical  with  the  modern  White  Horse  Lane. 


2>'d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


423 


The  conclusion  that  this  was  the  "  Spring  Garden  " 
alluded  to  in  the  advertisement  quoted  from  the 
Postboy,  is  strengthened  by  the  fact  of  an  ad- 
joining house  being  marked  in  the  map  as  "  Cap- 
tain Bendall's,"  the  reference  in  the  advertisement 
being  also  to  "  Captain  Bendal,  Mile  End."  I 
remember  an  old  house  close  by  the  spot  herein 
indicated  being  called  "  Spring  Garden  Cottage." 
It  may  be  standing  to  this  day. 

Alexander  Andrews. 

Seals  of  Officers  icho  perished  in  Affghanistan 
(2"'"  S.  viii.  289.)  —  In  common,  I  have  no  doubt, 
with  many  of  your  readers,  I  was  much  interested 
in  this  paragraph  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  trust  that 
we  shall  hear  that  Mb.  Batley  has  had  the  satis- 
faction of  returning  to  their  friends  these  relics, 
which  they  must  greatly  prize. 

I  wish  now  to  relate  an  incident  of  the  Crimean 
war,  which  I  believe  has  never  appeared  in  print. 
Lieut.  Sparke,  son  of  the  Rev.  J.  H.  Sparke, 
Canon  of  Ely,  perished  in  the  disastrous  cavalry 
charge  at  Balaklava.  Some  months  afterwards, 
his  signet  ring,  with  the  family  crest  and  motto  — 
"Scintilla  fit  ignis"  —  was  restored  to  his  family 
by  some  generous  Russian,  who  had  purchased  it 
from  the  person  who  had  despoiled  the  dead  of  it. 
I  believe  it  was  returned  through  the  British  am- 
bassador at  Stockholm  or  Copenhagen  —  the  na- 
tions being  still  at  war. 

Such  amenities  were  all  too  rare  during  that 
contest.  I  wish  I  could  record  the  name  of  the 
person  who  did  this  act  of  thoughtful  and  Chris- 
tian courtesy.  E.  G.  R. 

Mrs.  Myddelton  (2°^  S.  viii.  377.}— Mr.  Stein- 
man  is  informed  that  there  is  a  good  portrait  of 
Mrs.  Myddelton  in  the  possession  of  Colonel 
Myddletoa  Biddulph,  Chark  Castle,  Denbigh- 
shire. Nix. 

Besides  tlie  pictures  at  Hampton  Court  and  Al- 
thorpe  House,  co.Northampton,  there  are  or  were 
portraits  of  this  lady  in  the  gallery  at  Windsor 
Castle,  and  a  whole-length  by  Lely  in  Kingston 
House,  Dorset.  There  was  also  a  miniature  of  her 
by  Petitot  at  Strawberry  Hill,  Cl.  Hopper. 

What  sort  of  Animal  was  the  Bugle  ?  (2"'*  S. 
viii.  400.) — In  Hampshire,  some  years  ago,  a  bull 
was  always  called  a  bugle,  and  I  believe  the  term 
is  still  in  use.  In  old  French  we  meet  with  the 
word  bugle,  meaning  a  wild  ox.  The  word  is  also 
met  with  in  the  Bible,  translation  of  1578  :  — 

"  The  hart,  and  the  roebucke,  and  the  bugle,  and  the 
wild  goat." — Deuteronomy,  xiv.  6. 

In  the  modern  translation  the  v^orA  fallow-deer 
is  substituted.  I  am  not  a  Hebrew  scholar,  and 
cannot  therefore  decide  on  the  correctness  of  the 
translation,  but  assuming  the  translation  of  1578 
to  be  a  good  one,  I  think  that  "  wild  ox "  would 
be  a  more  correct  rendering  than  "  fallow-deer." 


For  the  etymology  of  the  word  we  must  go  to 
the  French,  where  we  find  beugler,  to  bellow. 
The  word  buffle,  Fr,  beuffle,  Germ,  buffel,  meaning 
a  buffalo,  is  I  think  cognate  to  bugle.      J.  A.  Pn. 

Bugle  was  an  old  French  t-erm  for  horned 
cattle.  "  S'est  dit  autrefois  pour  Bceuf." — Bes- 
cherelle.  This  writer  derives  bugle  from  the 
Celtic  "  bu,  bceuf; "  but  it  seems  to  be  more  im- 
mediately connected  with  the  L.  buculus.  Cf.  the 
old  Fr.  words  "  buglement,"  —  a  lowing  or  bel- 
lowing, and  "  bugler,"  to  low,  or  bellow.  These 
are  now  "  beuglement,  Cri  du  taureau,  du  bceuf,  et 
de  la  vache,"  and  "  beugler  (Lat.  barb,  buculare)," 
which  "  ne  se  dit  proprement  que  du  cri  du  tau- 
reau, du  bceuf,  et  de  la  vache." 

So  various  are  the  animals  of  the  ox  kind,  to 
which  the  terms  bugle,  boogie  have  been  applied 
in  England,  that  it  is  to  be  feared  some  difficulty 
will  be  found  in  identifying  the  class  peculiar  to 
the  I.  of  Wight  by  its  name  alone.  "  A  literary 
friend  in  England  remarks  that  this  [Bugil,  Bu- 
gill]  is  '  a  bull's  horn.  Bugle  and  Bull,'  he  adds, 
'  are  inflections  of  the  same  word  ;  and  in  Hamp- 
shire, at  Newport,  Fareham,  and  other  towns,  the 
Bugle  Inn  exhibits  the  sign  of  a  terrific  Bull.' 
Phillips,  indeed,  defines  Bugle,  '  a  sort  of  wild 
ox  ' ;  and  Huloet,  '  Buffe,  bugle,  or  wilde  oxe.'  " 
Jamieson,  Supplement,  on  Bugil.      Thomas  Boys. 

The  Contraction  "?."  (2°'^  S.  viii.  374.)  —  Mr. 
John  Gough  Nichols  appears  to  desire  examples 
of  i.  for  i.  e.  In  his  Guide  into  the  Tongues,  Min- 
sheu  gives  such  examples  in  every  column.  Thus, 
he  writes,  — 

"  Afflictive,  i.  full  of  affliction." 

"  A  BARLEY  bronne  gentleman,  i.  a  gent,  (although  rich) 
yet  lives  with  barley  bread." 

"  A  Circuit  ....  Gr.  TrepwSoj,  a  mpi,  i.  circum,  et 
ofios,  i.  via." 

And  so  we  might  go  on  to  his  last  examples 
under  Zone,  "  a  Gr,  Zw^i,  i.  cingulum." 

James  Rawson. 

''The  Royal  Slave"  (2""  S.  viii.  207.317.)  — 
The  first  edition  of  this  play,  "Oxford,  printed  by 
William  Turner  for  Thomas  Robinson,  1639," 
4to.,  is  now  before  me.  It  has  a  "  Prologue  "  and 
an  "  Epilogue  "  "  to  the  King  and  Queene  ; "  a 
"  Prologue  "  and  an  "  Epilogue  "  "  to  the  Univer- 
sity;"  and  a  "  Prologue  "  and  an  "Epilogue"  "to 
their  Majesties  at  Hampton-Court."  It  does  not 
contain  the  names  of  the  performers.  A  second 
edition  was  printed  at  London  in  1640,  also  in 
4to.,  and  a  third  in  the  collected  edition  of  Cart- 
wright's  Comedies,  Tragi- Comedies,  with  other 
Poems,  small  8vo.  1651.  No  names  of  performers 
are  given  in  either  of  the  latter  editions. 

Edward  F.  Rimbadlt. 

Villeins  (2"^  S.  viii.  360.)  —  By  a  charter  of 
William  I.,  if  any  servants  or  villeins  lived  with- 
out claim  of  their  lords  for  a  year  and  a  day,  in 


424 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


r2'>d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '59. 


city,  town,  or  camp,  they  and  their  posterity  for 
ever  should  be  free.  Some  villeins  of  Cossey 
sued,  1312,  for  leaving  their  lord's  manor,  suc- 
cessfully pleaded  this  charter.  (Blomefield's  Nor- 
folk, vol.  ii.  409.  8vo.  edit.  Cossey.)  The  twofold 
aim  of  this  charter  shows  the  policy  from  which 
William  never  swerved,  and  the  good  fruit  of 
■which  much  overbalanced  the  partial  evil.  It 
must  have  considerably  affected  villenage. 

F.  C.  B. 
Portioner  (2""^  S.  viii.  398.)  —  Po7iioner  is  said 
in  Bell's  Dictionary  and  Digest  of  the  Law  of 
Scotland  to  be  "  tlie  proprietor  of  a  small  feu  or 
piece  of  land;"  but  this  explanation  is  not  satis- 
factory. The  proper  meaning  of  the  word  is 
most  probably  that  given  by  Dr.  Jamieson  in  his 
Dictionary  of  the  Scottish  Language,  "  One  who 
possesses  part  of  a  property  which  has  been  ori- 
ginally divided  among  co-heirs."  G. 

Spontoon  {p.^^  S.  vi.  329.  421.;  vii.  464.)  — 
Some  time  since  an  inquiry  was  made  in  "  N.  & 
Q."  respecting  this  weapon.  Among  the  arms  in 
the  museum  at  Sandhurst  College  is  one  thus 
labelled :  "  Spontoon,  carried  by  an  officer,  dis- 
continued in  1787."  GiiiBERT. 

Guildford. 

[A  reference  to  "N.  &  Q."  (2n<J  S.  vii.  464.)  will  show 
that  the  spontoon  was  laid  aside  bv  the  "  Guards  "  in 
1786.— Ed.  «N.  &Q."] 

Stratford  Family  (2°^  S.  viii.  376.)  — In  reply 
to  T.  Nicholson,  I  beg  to  say  the  Irish  branch 
of  the  family  trace  lineal  descent  from  the  time  of 
Alfred.  The  Robert  he  mentions,  who  settled  in 
Ireland  in  1660,  was  a  younger  member  of  the 
family  of  Merevile,  in  the  co.  Warwick,  who 
were  sheriffs  and  knights  of  the  shire  in  temp. 
Hen.  II.  and  Edw.  II.  Nicholas  was  a  member 
in  six  successive  parliaments  of  Edw.  III.  Robert 
in  two,  in  the  same  reign.  John  was  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury  in  the  same  reign  ;  he  was  prime 
minister  during  the  king's  absence  in  France  in 
1340.  The  county  of  Warwick  was  represented 
by  this  family  in  the  reigns  of  Richard  II.,  Ed- 
ward VI.,  Charles  II.,  James  II.,  William  and 
Mary,  and  Anne. 

I  am  sorry  I  cannot  say  for  what  the  arms  were 
granted.  De  W . 

P.S.  I  have  got  a  curious  proclamation  of 
Charles  I.,  signed  by  Juxon,  &c.,  1630,  regarding 
tithes  in  Ireland  belonging  to  some  early  mem- 
ber of  the  Irish  family,  to  the  father  of  Robert  of 
1660,  I  think  for  different  reasons.  I  will  send  a 
copy  of  it  to  the  Editor  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  as  I  think 
it  would  interest  its  readers. 

George  Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Armagh  (2"*  S. 
viii.  11.  389.)  —  Very  little  seems  to  be  known  re- 
specting the  family  or  early  life  of  this  prelate. 
Notices  respecting  him  will  be  found  in  Bishop 


Mant's  History  of  the  Church  of  Ireland  (vol.  i. 
pp.  108.  114.  124.  138.  175.);  also  in  King's 
Church  History  of  Ireland  (pp.  680.  694.  713.) 
Collins's  Peerage  (vi.  144.)  mentions  that  Gerald, 
Earl  of  Kildare,  caused  George  Cromer,  Arch- 
bishop of  Armagh,  to  be  appointed  Lord  Chan- 
cellor of  Ireland,  July  5,  1532.  He  is  said  to 
have  been  a  person  "  of  great  gravity,  learning, 
and  sweet  demeanour."  According  to  Bishop 
Mant  (i.  175.),  he  died  March  15,  and  not  March 
16,  1543,  as  stated  by  T.  V.  N.  A.  T.  L. 

James  Thomson's  Marriage  (2"*  S.  viii.  50.  239.) 
—  The  matrimonial  ties  of  the  poet  Thomson 
having  been  noticed,  I  was  turning  over  the  leaves 
of  my  adversaria  a  day  or  two  ago,  and  happened 
to  meet  with  the  following  extract,  which  may 
elucidate  the  inquiry  :  — 

"  Thomson,  the  poet,  was  married,  and  his  wife  lived 
with  him  at  Richmond ;  but  he  kept  her  secluded  from 
his  friends,  and  she  appeared  rather  as  a  housekeeper." — 
See  Records  of  my  Life,  bj-  John  Taylor,  in  2  vols.,  Lon- 
don, 1832 ;  vol.  i.  pp.  186-7. 

I  have  not  the  work  to  refer  to,  and  I  am  almost 
inclined  to  think  there  may  be  some  mistake  in 
the  matter ;  but  if  this  should  meet  the  eye  of 
your  valued  correspondent  Mr.  Bolton  Cornet, 
I  conceive  he,  being  so  well  acquainted  with  every 
thing  relating  to  Thomson,  might  speak  decisively 
on  this  point.  22. 

Notes  on  Trees  and  Flowers  (1'*  S.  xi.  460.)  — - 
I  should  like  to  know  the  botanical  name  of  the 
Herbe  d'Or  of  Breton  legends.  Souvestre  calls  it 
"  Le  Selage  des  anciens,  que  Ton  croit  etre  le  Cam- 
phorate,  plante  appartenant  "k  la  quatorzierae 
classe  des  vegetaux  (Didynamie)."  Of  course  this 
does  not  refer  to  the  Selago  of  Linnasus,  nor  can 
it  be  Lycopodium  clavatum.  The  subject  is  far- 
ther mystified  by  finding  it  in  Alberti's  Diet,  (a 
valuable  aid  in  cases  of  obscure  French),  de- 
scribed as  Helianthemum,  and  as  bearing  a  spike 
of  flowers ;  the  Italian  name.  Panacea  chironia. 
Alberti  (ed.  1796)  also  has  "  Canforata,"  a  plant 
common  in  Provence  and  Languedoc,  much  used 
medicinally.  The  legendary  directions  for  gather- 
ing the  Herbe  d'Or  are  evidently  Druidical. 

F.  C.  B. 

Muffled  Peal  on  Innocents'  Day  (P*  S.  xi.  8. ; 
2°''  S.  vii.  245.  306.) — It  is  still  customary  to  ring 
a  half-muffled  peal  on  the  morning  of  this  day  at 
St.  John's  church,  Glastonbury,  and  a  similar  peal 
on  the  burial  of  either  of  the  ringers.    J.  G.  L.  B. 

Scavenger's  Daughter  (2"^  S.  viii.  380.)  —  Al- 
though the  queries  on  this  subject  were  partially 
answered  in  your  last,  H.  J.  D.  may  be  interested 
in  the  following  extract  from  a  work  in  my  pos- 
session. The  book  is  intitled  Nicolai  Sanderi  de 
Origine  ac  Progressu  Schismatis  Anglicani,  printed 
at  Ingoldstadt,  by  Wolfgang  in  1588.    At  the  end 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


425 


of  this  book  is  a  "  Diarium  Kerum  gestarum  in 
Turri  Londinensi,"  and  on  the  10th  December, 
1580,  I  find  the  following  entry  :  — 

"  Thomas  Cotamus  et  Lucas  Kirbseus  presbyteri,  Scau- 
ingeri  filiam  ad  uiiam  horam  et  amplius  passi ;  ex  quo 
prior  copiosum  sanguinem  e  naribus  emisit." 

On  the  1st  September,  1582  :  — 

"  Joannes  Getterus  Scauingeri  filia  cruciatus  est." 

Although  numerous  other  cases  of  torture  are 
mentioned,  these  three  are  the  only  instances  of 
the  application  of  "  the  Scavenger's  Daughter." 

C.  Le  Poer  Kennedy. 

St.  Albans. 

Kentish  Longtails  (2°"  S.  viii.  377.)  —  It  was 
the  inhabitants  of  Strode  (or  as  some  say  a  village 
in  Dorsetshire)  who  were  thus  elegantly  adorned. 

Peter  Pindar,  in  one  of  his  anti- Georgian  pro- 
ductions *  tells  us  that  — 

"  As  Bechet,  that  good  saint,  sublimely  rode 
Heedless  of  insult  through  the  town  of  Strode," 
some  wag,  with  more  malice  than  wit,  however, 
"  cut  his  horse's  tail  so  flowing  to  the  stump." 
Whereupon  the  saint  waxed  wroth,  and  bestowed 
upon  that  most  unpolite  and  sacrilegious  people 
so  potent  a  malediction  that  from  that  time  to 
this :  — 

"  The  men  of  Strode  are  born  with  horses'  tails." 
It  would  have  done  Lord  Monboddo's  heart 
good  to  have  seen  a  few  specimens  of  these  "  tail- 
pieced"  gentry ;  but  Peter's  memory  failed  him 
here,  for  if  we  turn  to  the  Golden  Legend,  we  find 
that  it  was  St.  Augustine  who  arrived  at  a  certain 
town  inhabited  by  wicked  people  — 
"  Who  "  (to  quote  the  words  of  the  quaint  original)  "  re- 
fused hys  doctryne  and  prechyng  uterly,  and  drof  hym 
out  of  the  towne,  castyng  on  h3'm  the  tayles  of  thornback, 
or  lykefysshes ;  wherefore  he  besought  the  Almyghty  God 
to  shewe  hys  jugement  on  them  ;  and  God  sent  to  them  a 
shamefuU  token ;  for  the  chyldren  that  were  born  after 
in  the  place,  had  tayles;  as  it  is  sayd,  tyll  they  had  re- 
pented them.  It  is  said  comynly  that  this  fyll  at  Strode 
in  Kente ;  but  blyssed  be  Gode,  at  thys  daye  is  no  such 
deformyte." 

Jupiter  Juvenal. 

Your  correspondent  Folkestone  will  find  an 
amusing  account  of  the  Kentish  men  who  were 
represented  as  having  tails,  and  which  was  very 
generally  believed  by  foreign  nations,  in  Lam- 
barde's  History  of  Kent  (1570).  He  says,  quot- 
ing— 

"  Polydore  Vergil  (handling  that  hot  contention  between 
King  Henrie  the  seconde  and  Thomas  Becket)  saith,  that 
Becket  (being  at  the  length  reputed  for  the  king's  enimie) 
began  to  be  so  commonly  neglected,  contemned,  and 
hated,  that  when  as  it  happened  him  upon  a  time  to  come 
to  Stroude,  the  inhabitants  thereabouts  (being  desirous  to 
despite  that  good  father)  sticked  not  to  cut  the  taile  from 
the  horse  on  which  he  roade,  binding  themselves  thereby 

*  I  am  sorry  I  cannot  give  a  more  definite  reference, 
but  I  quote  from  memory. 


with  a  perpetual  reproach:  For  afterward  (by  the  will 
of  God)  it  so  happened,  that  every  one  which  came  of 
that  kinred  of  men  which  had  plaied  that  naughty  pranke, 
■were  borne  with  tailes,  even  as  brute  beasts  bee,"  &c,  &c. 

Columbus. 
Old  Print  (2°'>  S.  vii.  157.)  — 
"  Die  Jesuiten  gaben  ntthmlich  auf  1654einen  Kalendar 
heraus,  dem  ein  Kupferstich  beigefilgt  ist,  welcher  die 
Niederlage  den  Jansenisten  darstellt.  Der  Pabst  sitz  in 
der  Mitte ;  iiber  ihm  schwfebt  die  Taube ;  er  hort  auf  die 
Worte  der  Religion  und  iibergiebt  der  gcistlichen  Ge- 
walt,  welche,  einer  Minerva  oder  Koma  gleichend,  mifc 
Helm  und  Schliisseln  ihm  zur  Seite  steht,  das  flammende 
Strafeschwert.  Der  Konig  thront  von  dem  wie  eine 
sonnestrahlenden,  gottlichen  Eifer  und  der  Eintracht 
umgeben,  welche  einen  Biindel  Pfeile  halt;  zu  seinen 
Fussen  betet  die  Frommigkeit.  Er  zeigt  der  mit  dem 
weltlichen  Schwerte  bewafFneten  Gerechtigkeit  die  Feinde 
an,  welche  schon  fliehen,  die  Dummheit  mit  Eselsohren, 
den  Betrug,  welchem  die  Maske  entfallt,  Jansen,  in 
bischoflichem  Gewande,  aber  mit  SatansflUgeln.  Der 
Irrthum  halt  sich  die  Augen  zu  gegen  das  ihm  vorgehal- 
tene  Buch,  gegen  die  Wahrheit  der  Schrift.  Die  Jan- 
senisten, wohl  Portraits,  besonders  die  Nonne  mit  der 
Brille,  werden  von  dem  leicht  kenntlichen  Calvin  und 
den  seinigen  freundlich  aufgenomraen."  —  Reuchlin,  Ge- 
schichte  von  Port  Royal,  p.  615.,  Hamburg,  1839. 

The  retort  of  the  Jansenists  will  be  found  in 
the  next  page.  It  is  too  long  to  quote,  but  well 
worth  reading.  I  think  that  in  this,  as  in  many 
other  stages  of  the  controversy,  they  had  the  ba- 
lance of  wit  on  their  side.  H.  B.  C. 

U.  D.  Club. 

Bishop  Gauden  (2°'^  S.  viii.  400.)  —  I  possess  a 
copy  of  The  Whole  Duty  of  a  Communicant,  by 
the  Right  Rev.  Father  in  God,  John  Gauden,  late 
Lord  Bishop  of  Exeter.  It  is  the  tenth  edition, 
1707.  The  imprimatur  bears  date,  May  31,  1686. 
The  Dedication  is  to  "  The  Lady  Rich,"  pp.  150. 

Gilbert. 

Guildford. 

Walpurgis  (2"^  S.  viii.  270.)  — Wachter  trans- 
lates this  name  "  peregrinorum  tutrix,  a  bergen, 
servare,  et  wall,  peregrinus,  alienus  (waUen,  mi- 
grare,  errare,  vagari)."  He  gives  from  the  like 
root,  "  loalafridus,  '  peregrinorum  assertor,'  ^fiHe- 
den,  tueri;"  and  waltrudis,  "peregrinis  dilecta." 

R.  S.  Charnock. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

The  Great  Pyramid :  Why  was  it  ^ilt  ?  and  Who  built 
it?    J5y  John  Taylor.     (Longman  &  Co.) 

It  is  impossible,  within  the  very  limited  space  which 
we  can  devote  to  the  subject,  to  convey  to  our  readers 
any  idea  of  the  amount  of  curious  learning  and  ingenious 
speculation  displayed  by  Mr.  Taylor  in  his  endeavour  to 
solve  the  interesting  Queries:  "Why  was  the  Great  Py- 
ramid built?  "  and,  "  Who  built  it?  "  His  answer  to  the 
first  is,  that  the  Great  Pyramid  was  built  as  a  standard 
of  length  based  upon  the  measure  of  the  earth ;  while 
the  porphyry  coffer  in  the  king's  chamber  was  preserved 
as  the  standard  of  all  measures  of  capacity ;  and  to  the  se- 


426 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  19.  '59. 


cond  —  that  to  Noah  must  be  ascribed  the  original  idea, 
the  presiding  mind,  the  benevolent  purpose  ;  that  this 
preacher  of  righteousness  was,  in  short,  "  the  first  to 
establish  a  system  of  weights  and  measures  for  the  nse  of 
all  mankind  based  upon  the  measure  of  the  earth."  We 
need  scarcely  add  that  Mr.  Taylor's  volume  deserves  the 
attention  of  all  biblical  students  —  and,  indeed,  of  all  who 
would  penetrate  the  mysteries  which  envelope  the  origin 
of  the  Pyramids  of  Gizeh. 

A  Class  Book  of  English  Prose,  comprehending  Speci- 
mens of  the  most  distinguished  Prose  Writers  from  Chaucer 
to  the  Present  Time  ;  with  Biographical  Notices,  Explana- 
tory Notes,  and  Introductory  Sketches  of  the  History  of 
English  Literature.  By  Robert  Demaus,  M.A.  (A.  &  C. 
Black.) 

The  present  Class  Book,  in  which  the  great  prose 
writers  of  England  are  divided  into  four  periods,  namely, 
those  from  Chaucer  to  Shakspeare — those  again  from 
the  Elizabethan  age  to  that  of  Anne  —  those  from  the 
accession  of  Anne  to  the  breaking  out  of  the  French  Re- 
volution—  and  lastly,  those  who  have  written  between 
the  French  Revolution  and  the  present  day  —  exhibits  a 
series  of  well-selected  specimens  from  our  best  divines, 
historians,  critics,  moralists,  travellers,  novelists,  politi- 
cians, and  philosophers.  They  are  accompanied  by  bio- 
graphical notices  carefully  prepared,  and,  when  necessarj*, 
by  explanatory  notes,  and  form  a  volume  which  the 
mere  general  reader  may  peruse  with  pleasure,  and  which 
the  students  of  English  composition  may  consult  with 
advantage. 

Messrs.  De  La  Rite  §•  Co.,  whose  various  Pocket  Books, 
Diaries,  and  Almanacks  are  as  remarkable  for  their  ele- 
gance as  they  are  useful  from  the  variety  and  accuracy  of 
the  information  contained  in  them,  have  just  published  De 
La  Rue's  Indelible  Diary  and  Memorandum  Book  for  1860, 
again  under  the  editorship  of  Mr.  Pogson,  the  Director 
of  the  Hartwell  Observatory.  This  is  issued  in  three 
sizes.  They  have  also  published  Pocket  Calendars  in  two 
sizes,  for  the  pocket-book  and  card-case,  and  a  Card  Ca- 
lendar designed  by  Owen  Jones,  and  printed  in  gold  and 
colours,  which  will  be  found  a  most  useful  addition  to 
everybody's  writing-table. 

Mr.  Lovell  Reeve  has  been  encouraged  by  the  success  of 
his  Stereoscopic  Magazine  to  undertake  the  publication  of 
The  Stereoscopic  Cabinet,  which  will  contain  a  packet  of 
three  stereoscopes,  price  half  a  crown,  which  will  pass 
through  the  post  for  a  penny.  The  first  packet  comprises, 
1.  The  church  of  St.  Ouen,  Rouen  ;  2.  A  group  of  Muses ; 
and,  3.  On  board  the  Yacht  Marquita, — all  good  and  effec- 
tive. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Fleet  Street,  to  whom  we  have  often 
had  occasion  to  refer  Querists  on  the  subject  of  auto- 
graphs and  their  value,  has  just  published  a  Catalogue  of 
6000  Autographs,  which  well  deserves  a  place  in  every 
library  from  the  vast  amount  of  biographical  information 
it  contains. 

Books  Received. — 

The  Poetical  Works  of  Thomas  Moore.  People's  Edi- 
tion.   Part  VIIL    (Aongman  &  Co.) 

This  new  Part  contains  a  continuation  of  IMoore's 
Satirical  and  Humorous  Poems. 

Extempore  Preaching.  A  Letter  to  a  Friend  from  a 
Clergyman  in  the  Diocese  of  Oxford.     (J.  H.  &  J.  Parker.) 

Replete  with  good  common  sense. 

The  Gathering  of  Long-parted  Christian  Men.  A  Ser- 
mon. By  Samuel  Lord  Bishop  of  Oxford.  (J,  H,  &  J. 
Parker.) 

The  Comparative  Blessedness  of  Receiving  and  Giving. 
A  Sermon  by  the  Rev.  C.  J.  Vaughan,  D^D.  (J.  H.  &  J. 
Parker.) 


Herodias — Against  Vanity.  Two  Serraons  preached  at 
St.  Mary  Magdalen  Church,  by  Rev.  R.  St  John  Tyr- 
whitt,  M.A.     (J.  H.  &  J.  Parker.) 

We  must  content  ourselves  with  recording  the  receipt 
of  these  excellent  specimens  of  the  pnlpit  eloquence  of 
the  present  day,  as  also  of  the  following  pamphlets  from 
the  same  publishers :  — 

A  Manual  for  Christians,  designed  for  their  use  at  any 
Time  after  Confirmation.     By  Edward  Hawkins,  D.D. 

Portions  of  Holy  Scripture  selected  for  Family  Reading. 

A  Parting  Gift  to-  Young  Women  leaving  School  and 
entering  Service.    By  the  Author  of  The  Broken  Aim. 

Well  deserves  to  be  widely  circulated  among  the  class 
to  whom  it  is  addressed.    Cannot  be  read  without  profit. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO   PUHCHASB. 

AmweiiL  and  other  FoEMs,  by  John  Scott.    1783. 

•  *•  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriaaefree,to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldt,  Publishers  of  "  NOTES  AND 
(iUERIKS,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Tiilotson's  Sermons.    Vols.  I.  II.  TV.  V.  XI.     London.    12mo.    1748. 
The  Londok  Stage.    Vol.  II.    Boards.    Sherwood  &  Ck).  Paternoster 

Kow.    1826. 
Beauties   of  the   Poets   of   Great  Britain.    Vol.  III.    Sherwin  & 

Co.  Paternoster  Row.    1822. 
William  Butler's  Chronological  Exercises.    Last  Edition. 

Exercises  on  the  Globes.    Last  Edition. 

Churchill's  Poems.    Pickering's  Aldine  Edition. 

The  Island  of  Sardinia,  by  John  Warre  Tyndale.    3  Vols,  post  8vo. 

LiviDS  A  Maittaire.    Vol.  I.     1722. 

Strad^  Prolusiones. 

Testamentdm  Gr^cum.    Colinsei  Edltio.    8vo.    Paris.    1534. 


Wanted  by  Bev.  Peter  Spencer,  M.A.,  Temple  Ewell,  near  Dover. 


The    Antiquities    op    St.   Peter's   or  the  Abbey  Church  of  West- 
minster.   Vol.1.    Small  8vo.  with  plates.    London.    1741. 

Wanted  by  O.  Bishop,  3.  Bennett's  Hill,  Doctors'  Commons,  E.G. 


fiaiitti  ta  CorreiSponUenW. 

Q.  T.  H.  Being  brass  is  not  a  Queen  Anne's  Farthing.  For  the  value 
of  Queen  Anne's  farthing  (.from  3s.  to  5s.),  see  "N.  &  Q.,"  Ist  Series 
X.  4l!9. 

Qu«ao.  TTie  work  projected  hy  Mr.  Parsons  on  the  subject  of  Book 
Plates  has  not,  we  believe,  been  published.  We  are  not  aware  when  it  is 
likely  to  be. Burke's  Patrician,  as  a  newspaper,  consists  of  23  num- 
bers. It  commenced  mi  Saturday,  Oct.  II,  1845,  and  closed  its  short 
career  on  March  14, 1846. 

T.  V.  N.  whose  Query  respecting  Cromer,  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  ap- 
peared,  anti  p.  12„  is  requested  to  say  where  we  can  forward  a  letter  to 
him. 

Gilbert  (Guildford.)  ITow  can  we  address  a  latter  io  this  correspon- 
dent ? 

J.  A.  Pn.'s  letter  relative  to  the  Claimant  to  the  Earldom  of  Stirling 
is  necessarily  postponed. 

H.  Williams.  Tanza'i  et  N^adarn^,  Histoire  Japonoise,  &  Pekin 
[Paris']  1 734,  is  by  Cr^billon,  according  to  Barbier,  who  has  the  following 
note :  "  Satire  du  Cardinal  de  Rohan,  de  la  Constitution  Unigenitus,  et 
de  la  Duchesse  du  Maine."    (Note  mamtscrite  de  l'Abb4  Sepher.) 

A  BirED.  The  edition  of  Linn<eus'  General  System  of  Nature  pub- 
lished in  1802  was  in  7  vols.  8vo.  The  article  Mammalia  makes  IZO pages 
of  the  first  volume. 

"Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
Issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  Us.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldy,136.  Fleet  Street,  E.C.t  to  whom 
all  Communications  for  the  Editor  should  be  addressed. 


EAU-DE-VIE.— This  pure  PALE  BRANDY, 
'  though  only  16s.  per  gallon,  is  demonstrated,  upon  analysis,  to  be 
peculiarly  free  from  acidity,  and  veiy  superior  to  recent  importations  of 
veritable  Cognac.  In  French  bottles,  34s.  per  dozen ;  or  securely  packed 
in  a  case  for  the  coimtry,  35s. 

HENRY  BRETT  &  CO.,  Old  Fumival's  Distillery,  Holbom.E.C. 


2"<«  S.  VIII.  Kov.  26.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


427 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  NOyEMBER  26. 1859. 


No.  204.  —  CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :_  Hunting  Match  of  Termed,  427  —  Kempenfelt  Family,  by 
CI.  Hopper,  lb.  —  Memorial  Lines  on  the  Opening  of  Framingham 
Pigot  Church  near  Norwich,  Sept.  15th,  1859,  428  _  Hints  as  to  Notes, 
&c.,  on  Fly-leaves,  429. 

Minor  Notes:—  Talma  —  Unlucky  Days  —  Family  Vicissitudes  — 
Lennard  Family  —  Impromptu  by  O'Connell  —  Literary  Taste  of 
Different  Countries,  429. 

QUERIES :  —  "  Damask,"  430. 

*'^JIt?,'?.'^°^i'."'^=,— y'^''™*  Kings  of  Colon  "  —  Arthur  Hildersham  — 
William  Marshall  — Sir  W.St.  John— The  Judges  and  their  Style 
Honourable  —  Bishops  Elect  —  Skelmufcky  _  Box  —  Plough  —  Deri- 
vation of  Hawker  — William  Shirley,  Dramatic  Author—  Honora 
Sneyd  —  Meaning  of  the  Word  End  as  applied  to  Places  — "Venice,  a 
Poem  "  —  Reeves's  Hebrew  Psalms ,&c.,  431 . 

Minor    Queries  with  Answers:  —  "  Lord  Harry  "  and  a  "  Toucher  " 

—  Etymology  of  Scripture  Local  Names— Bishop  Landal  —  Ridley 
Hall,  Chester,  433. 

REPLIES !  — Louis  the  Fifteenth,  434  —  Northumberland  Notes,  by 
Edward  Thompson,  435  — Butts  Family,  by  Geo.  Hen.  Dashwood,i6. 
Sir  Peter  Paul  Rubens,  by  W.  Noi?l  Saiusbury,  436. 

Replies  TO  Minor  Ouekiks  :  —  Birtsmorton  Court,  Worcestershire  — 
Portraits  of  Archbishop  Laud—  Change  in  the  Dedication  ofClmrches 

—  Papier  Moure  —  DialofAhaz— Barony  of  Brougliton— Sir  William 
Ussher  —  "  Liberavi  animam  meam"  -Michael  Honey  wood  —Ham- 
mer Cloth— General  Thackwell  —  Yorkshire  Worthies  —  Extraor- 
dinary Birth— "Andrew,"  an  Afternoon's  Luncheon:  "Gaffman  "  — 
Crooked  Boundaries  of  Fields  — William  Shakspeare  Pay  ton  — Blue 
Blood  —  Quotation  —  Kenrick  Family  —  Heralds'  Visitations  — 
Cleanctus  —  John  Pope,  Gentleman,  &c.,  437. 


HUNTING   MATCH   OF   TERMED. 

The  Tartar  Annals  relate  a  remarkable  hunt- 
ing-match of  the  great  conqueror  Genghis  Khan. 
Genghis  Khan  invaded  the  territories  of  the  Sul- 
tan of  Kharisme  in  1220,  with  an  army  of  700,000 
men,  gained  several  battles,  and  subdued  the 
country.  After  taking  the  town  of  Termed, 
situated  on  the  river  Oxus,  to  the  north  of  Balkh, 
between  it  and  Bokhara,  to  save  his  troops  from 
the  ills  consequent  on  want  of  occupation,  and  to 
ascertain  their  state  of  discipline,  in  the  close  of 
1221,  he  ordered  a  great  hunting-match  to  take 
place  in  the  plain  round  Termed.  His  whole 
army  were  engaged  in  it,  and  the  strictest  military 
discipline  was  preserved.  The  soldiery,  in  com- 
plete armour,  formed  a  circle  —  said  to  be  two 
months'  march  from  the  centre  to  the  circle — 
which,  supposing  the  day's  march  to  be  only  five 
miles,  would  make  a  circle  of  300  miles  from  the 
centre ;  and  the  army  composing  the  circle  may 
possibly  be  estimated  at  the  diminished  number  of 
500,000  men.  The  circle  was  formed,  and  it  was 
forbidden  on  pain  of  death  to  allow  the  escape  of 
any  wild  beast.  Every  one  at  his  post,  the 
tymbals,  trumpets,  and  horns  sounded  the  march 
on  every  side,  and  the  soldiers  moved  forward  to 
the  centre.  The  circle  was  narrowed  on  all  points 
equally.  Hills  were  ascended  and  descended; 
and  on  coming  to  a  river  not  fordable,  the  soldiers 
crossed  on  leather  bags  tied  to  the  tails  of  horses, 
who  were  led  by  a  guide  swimming  before  them, 
and  leading  them  with  a  string.  The  wild  ani- 
mals were  forced  to  swim  across.  Neither  den 
nor  burrow  could  allow  them  to  escape ;  and  in 
mountains,  soldiers  were  let  down  by  ropes  from 


precipices  to  rocks  and  chasms  otherwise  inacces- 
sible, to  drive  the  beasts  from  their  place  of  re- 
fuge. The  spade  and  pickaxe,  even  ferrets,  were 
used  in  dislodging  the  hunted  animals.  It  was 
forbidden,  under  the  highest  penalty,  to  slay  any  of 
them  —  a  prohibition  in  many  instances,  from  the 
resistance  made  by  the  animals,  difficult  to  obey. 
As  the  circle  narrowed,  the  beasts  were  urged 
forward  :  some  following  paths,  and  others  be- 
taking themselves  in  vain  to  the  rock  and  wood. 
The  more  ferocious  fell  on  the  weaker  animals, 
but  were  stopped  by  the  hunters,'  compelling  their 
onward  flight ;  and  in  the  end,  driven  forward 
at  all  points,  and  their  efforts  of  escape  checked 
on  every  side,  the  wildest  lost  their  ferocity  and 
became  as  tame  as  the  gentlest.  They  arrived  at 
last  at  the  plain  proposed  for  the  hunting  match. 
Genghis  Khan,  armed  with  bow  and  arrows,  and 
holding  a  sword  in  his  hand,  entered  the  enclosed 
circle  to  the  sound  of  trumpets,  and  accompanied 
by  some  of  his  sons  and  his  general  officers.  He 
commenced  the  hunt,  and  attacked  the  most  dan- 
gerous animals ;  then  he  retired,  and  seated  him- 
self on  a  throne  which  was  placed  for  him  on  a 
height,  whence  he  could  observe  the  bravery  and 
skill  oi  the  princes  and  officers  who  pursued  the 
chase.  However  great  the  danger,  no  one  sought 
to  withdraw ;  every  one  knew  the  eye  of  the 
sovereign  observed  him,  and  he  strove  the  more 
to  show  his  courage.  After  the  princes  and  lords 
had  retired,  the  young  officers  of  the  army  entered 
in  the  circle,  and  slew  a  great  number  of  animals. 
Then,  says  the  old  chronicler,  Petis  de  la  Croix, 
the  grandsons  of  Genghis  Khan,  and  several  little 
lords  of  their  age,  presented  themselves  before 
the  throne;  and  in  an  harangue  made  in  their 
manner,  prayed  the  Emperor  to  "give  liberty  to 
the  beasts  that  remained.  He  granted  it  to  them, 
praising  the  valour  of  his  troops,  who  were  dis- 
missed and  sent  back  to  their  quarters.  At  the 
same  time  the  wild  beasts,  who  had  avoided  the 
sword  and  arrow,  seeing  themselves  no  more  sur- 
rounded, escaped  and  regained  their  forests.  This 
extraordinary  hunt  occupied  four  months. 

W.  H.  F. 
Kirkwall. 


KEMPENFELT   FAMILY. 

The  first  of  this  family  in  England  was  a  native 
of  Sweden,  and  received  a  commission  in  the  Eng- 
lish service  under  Queen  Anne.  But  little,  how- 
ever, appears  to  be  known  of  his  personal  history, 
except  that  he  duly  arrived  to  the  promotion  of 
Lieut-Colonel,  and  became  Lieut.-Governor  of 
the  island  of  Jersey.  He  is  said  to  have  been 
commemorated  in  The  Spectator  under  the  title 
of  Captain  Sentry.  In  Thicknesse's  Memoirs  he  is 
described  as  of  extravagant  habits,  and  the  king 
(George  I.)  more  than  once  liquidated  his  debts. 


428 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»i  S.  VUI.  Nov.  26.  '69. 


The  following  is  the  substance  of  a  petition  of 
this  officer  temp.  George  I.,  which  would  seem  to 
corroborate  the  statement  of  the  writer  above 
quoted :  — 

"Petition  of  Lt.-Col.  Magnus  Kempenfelt  (who  was 
Lt-Col.  in  Col.  Cadogan's  regiment),  setting  forth  that 
he  has  had  the  honor  of  serving  the  Crown  of  Great 
Britain  for  30  years;  that  he  served  as  Adjutant  General 
under  Lord  Gal  way  in  Portugal  and  Spain:  how  in  the 
expedition  to  Canada  he  suffered  shipwreck  and  lost  all 
his  money.  Declares  his  deplorable  condition,  having  a 
wife  and  six  children,  he  is  reduced  to  the  most  lament- 
able extremity.  Craves  permission  to  sell  his  Lieut.-  ■ 
Colonelcy  to  satisfy  his  creditors." 

Within  twelve  years  subsequent  to  the  above 
petition  he  seems  to  have  died,  and  also  one  of  his 
children.  A  second  petition  from  his  widow  tells 
its  own  tale,  in  the  abstract  subjoined  :  — 

"  Petition  of  Ann,  Widow  of  Lt.-Col.  Magnus  Kempen- 
felt, late  Lt.-Gov.  of  the  Isle  of  Jersey,  showing  that  her 
husband  is  lately  deceased,  after  more  than  forty  years' 
service  in  the  army,  leaving  her  in  necessitous  circum- 
stances with  five  children  totally  unprovided  for.  Pra3-s 
His  Ma*y  to  order  her  to  be  placed  upon  the  Establish- 
ment as  widow  of  a  Lt.-Col.  for  a  pension:  also  that  he 
would  give  her  son  Jonas  (now  21  years  of  age)  employ- 
ment in  his  Ma'y  Service,  so  that  he  might  be  able  to 
assist  in  the  educating  and  bringing  up  of  his  brothers 
and  sisters." 

Here,  then,  we  have  a  record  of  the  family  at 
variance  from  printed  notices  of  the  gallant  ad- 
miral who  perished  in  the  Royal  George,  who  has 
only  one  brother  and  two  sisters  allotted  to  him. 
My  inquiry  is  directed  to  ascertain  the  names  of 
the  other  members  of  the  family,  and  whether  it 
has  now  become  extinct. 

I  annex  a  pedigree  as  far  as  I  have  been  able 
to  trace  it  authentically  :  — 

MasnusKempenfelt,  native  of  Sweden=:Ann. 
Lieut.-Col.  m  the  English  army,  and  I 
laeut.-Gov.  of  Jersey,  ob.  July,  1727. 

Biehard  KempenfeU,=  ^     Gustavus  Adolphua,      . , , .       ^       t^ 

bom  at  Westmin-  §         sometime   captain  a        ft 

Bter,adistinguished  §         in  the  army,  obiit  g        g 

naval  officer.  Capt.  •  March  14,  1808,  at  n        otj 

1757;Rear-Admiral  his      seat,     Lady  g;        g^ 

of  the  Blue  Jan.  10,  Place,       Hurley,  I5        g 

I7S1  i     perished    at  Berks.      His    es-  * 

Spithead     in      the  tates  and  property 

Boyal  George,  Aug.  devolved  to  Rich. 

£9, 17S2.  Monument  Wroughton,  Esq., 

in    churchyard    at  of     the      Custom 

Portsea,  and  ceno-  House,  hia  nearest 

taph  at  Alverstock.  relative. 

The  arms  as  borne  by  the  ill-fated  admiral  are, 
Ar.  on  a  mount  in  base  vert  a  man  in  complete 
armour,  standing  with  his  sinister  arm  embowed, 
the  dexter  arm  holding  a  sword  above  his  head, 
all  proper.  Impaling,  per  pale  arg.  and  purpure, 
a  saltire  counterchanged  :  a  canton  ermine.  (5rest, 
a  demi-man,  as  in  the  arms,  between  two  wings 
erect  vert. 

In  the  London  Magazine,  vol,  li.  fol.  103.,  is  a 
portrait  of  Admiral  Kempenfelt  from  an  original 
painting. 

Query,  where  is  this  original  painting  ?  and  to 
whom  may  the  arms  as  above  impaled  be  as- 
signed ?  Cu  Hopper. 


memorial  lines  on  the  opening  of  framing- 
ham  pigot  church  near  norwich,  sept. 
15th,  1859. 

A  good  deed  deserves  a  record,  and  what  fitter 
place  for  such  a  record  than  a  journal  which  has 
secured  for  itself  a  permanent  place  in  the  litera- 
ture of  every  country  in  which  the  English  lan- 
guage is  spoken,  and  by  which  every  difficulty 
that  besets  the  path  of  a  student  is  promptly  re- 
moved. I  have  no  Query  to  make,  but  I  have  a 
Note  to  place  on  the  pages  of  the  journal  of 
which  I  have  spoken,  if  so  it  please  the  Editor,  that 
future  times  may  fix  the  name  and  date  of  an  act 
which  ought  to  be  had  in  remembrance. 

On  the  15th  Sept.  a  church  was  reopened  at 
Framingham  Pigot,  Norfolk,  with  the  prescribed 
solemnities.  Three  years  ago  this  church  was  com- 
paratively speaking  a  mere  barn,  uglier  than  the 
meanest  conventicle.  It  is  now  within  and  without 
worthy  of  the  Being  to  whom  it  is  dedicated,  —  a 
building  in  which  the  good  taste  is  manifest  as  the 
liberality.  This  change  has  been  effected  at  the 
sole  cost  of  a  gentleman  actively  engaged  in  labori- 
ous business,  and  who,  in  honouring  God  with  his 
substance,  does  but  recognise. the  Hand  to  whom 
success  in  business  should  be  referred.  The  name 
of  this  gentleman  is  George  Henry  Christie, 
head  of  the  well-known  firm  of  Christie,  Manson, 
and  Woods,  of  King  Street.  If  this  slight  record 
should  meet  his  eye,  I  know  the  genuine  feeling  of 
his  heart  would  be — "I  would  this  were  not  written 
of  me.  I  have  built  to  God  and  not  to  fame,  or  for 
human  praise."  But  such  examples  should  not  be 
lost  in  these  our  days  of  mammon-worship ;  and 
as  no  trace  of  the  benefactor  will  ever  be  found 
in  Framingham  church,  let  it  be  found  centuries 
to  come  in  the  honest  chronicle  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
The  memorials  of  such  benefactors  should  not 
perish  with  them. 

If  your  space  will  permit  will  you  add  to  this 
imperfect  paper  the  following  lines,  written  for  the 
occasion  by  the  author  of  Lyra  Memorialis.    They 
have  not  been  printed :  — 
1. 
"  The  noblest  Temple  that  the  world  e'er  saw, 
Most  beautiful  that  wisdom's  wisest  built. 
Ere  Gospel  light  had  dawned,  was  raised  to  Law, 
And  streams  of  blood  were  on  its  altars  spilt. 
2, 
"  Then  blood  of  beasts  was  sacrifice  for  sin, 
Direct  from  Heaven  came  sacrificial  fires. 
Priests  for  the  '  glory '  could  not  enter  in  ; 
Such  holy  dread,  the  present  God  inspires. 
3. 
"  No  royal  hands  before  Thee,  Lord,  we  spread, 
No  royal  lips  the  sacred  prayer  address. 
No  countless  throng  here  bows  the  prostrate  head, 
No  trembling  Priests  the  present  God  confess. 
4. 
"Father  and  God,  we  offer  Thee  to-day 

No  gorgeous  Temple,  and  no  costly  shrine ; 
But  prayer  and  praise  we  on  Thy  altar  lay ; 
Ours  be  the  sacrifice,  the  incense  Thine. 


2"^  s.  VIII.  Nov.  20.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


429 


"  Jesus,  the  faithful,  we  Thy  promise  claim ; 

We  know  where  few  are  gather'd  Thou  art  there, 
Accept  the  humblest  offer'd  in  Thy  name, 
Bear  in  Thy  golden  censer  every  prayer. 

-   6. 
"  Be  with  us  Holj'  Spirit,  sacred  Dove ! 
In  fire  and  *  glory '  unrevealed  to  sight, 
Kindle  within  the  sacred  flame  of  love ; 
Oh !  teach  us,  Heavenly  Guide,  to  think  aright. 

7. 
"  0  ever  blessed,  glorious  Trinity, 

Our  Triune  God,  to  whom  no  gift  is  small, 
Help  us  in  faith  to  dedicate  to  Thee 
Our  church,  our  lives,  our  bodies,  souls,  our  all." 

A.  L.  M. 


HINTS   AS    TO  ^OTBS,    ETC.,    ON   FLY-LEAVES. 

A  good  practice  has  recently  become  common 
among  some  second-hand  booksellers  of  publish- 
ing in  their  catalogues  the  names  of  former  pos- 
sessors of  books,  and  the  other  memoranda  to  be 
found  written  on  fly-leaves  and  blank  spaces  else- 
where in  the  volumes.  I  wish,  however,  that  it 
could  be  made  clear  to  all  dealers  in  old  books 
that  it  would  be  well  worth  their  while  to'  make 
such  things  public.  Men  buy  books  from  many 
motives ;  and  not  the  least  common  or  the.  most 
unwise  one  is  the  wish  to  have  in  their  possession 
volumes  that  once  were  treasured  by  an  ancestor, 
or  by  some  one  in  whose  life  and  actions  we  take 
interest,  with  whose  virtues  we  sympathise,  or 
whose  errors  we  pity.  There  is  many  a  name 
utterly  unknown  to  the  world  which  yet  has  deep 
interest  for  some  remote  descendant,  or  some 
solitary  admirer :  this  is  proved  by  numerous 
Queries  in  your  pages.  It  has  more  than  once 
happened  to  me  that  by  picking  up  some  other- 
wise worthless  volume,  I  have  become  possessed 
of  a  memorial  of  a  former  owner,  whose  unre- 
corded and  almost  forgotten  life  such  a  relic  will 
help  to  keep  in  my  memory,  and  it  may  be  in 
that  of  others  when  I  myself  may  need  as  frail  a 
memorial.  I  would  suggest  to  dealers  in  old 
books,  that  in  catalogueing  all  names  and  other 
manuscript  memoranda  should  be  recorded ;  and 
that  when  old  books  are  rebound,  the  fly-leaves 
should  on  no  account  be  removed.  The  Jatter 
hint  is  of  course  addressed  to  the  collector  of 
books  as  well  as  the  vendor.  The  folly  of  re- 
moving such  things  is  well  illustrated  by  the  dis- 
covery recently  made  at  Inverpefiray,  near  CrieflP, 
in  an  old  library  founded  by  the  third  Lord 
Maderty,  of  the  Pocket  Bible  and  Camden's  Bri- 
tannia of  the  great  Marquis  of  Montrose.  There 
are  several  other  volumes  in  the  collection  which 
it  is  almost  certain  have  also  belonged  to  that 
gallant  Cavalier ;  but  unfortunately  the  old  bind- 
ings of  these  volumes  have  been  recently  replaced, 
and  the  fly-leaves  removed.     (See  Memorials  and 


Letters  of  Viscount  Dundee,  by  Mark  Napier,  Esq., 
vol.  i.  p.  xxxiii.)  K.  P.  D.  E. 


Talma.  —  Mr.  Cole,  in  his  rambling  volumes  on 
the  Life  and  Times  of  Charles  Kean,  lately  pub- 
lished, gives  many  anecdotes  of  this  eminent 
French  tragedian,  but  he  has  omitted  to  notice 
his  early  residence  in  England.  I  transcribe  the 
following  interesting  note  from  the  Catalogue  of 
the  Library  of  Mr.  James  Winston,  sold  by 
Messrs.  Puttick  &  Simpson  some  two  or  three 
years  since :  — 

"  Talma,  the  most  eminent  Tragedian,  who  has  con- 
ferred honour  on  the  French  Stage,  was  born  at  Paris, 
Jan.  15,  1760 ;  his  father,  prior  to  1773,  was  a  dentist,  at 
55.  Compton  Street,  and  subsequently  in  Frith  Street, 
Soho.  Young  Talma  was  in  England  from  his  eighth  to 
his  fifteenth  year,  and  was  educated  at  the  Soho  Square 
Academy.  In  one  of  these  letters,  addressed  to  Elliston, 
dated  Paris,  April  16,  1823,  he  writes,  in  reference  to  the 
then  state  of  the  drama :  '  The  minor  theatres  here  devour 
the  substance  of  the  great  ones.  1  have  no  hope  but  be- 
fore that  time  I  shall  have,  may  be,  joined  poor  Kemble 
in  the  other  world.'  His  surmise  was  verified ;  he  died 
at  Paris,  Dec.  19,  1826." 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Unlucky  Days.  —  The  following  is  from  a  MS. 
temp,  circa  Hen.  VIII. :  — 

"  Isti  sunt  dies  mali  et  pestiferi  secundum  antiquos 
Grecorum.  In  quibus  si  infans  nascitur  cito  morietur  qui 
infirmatur  nunquam  convalescet  qui  grandem  viam  ar- 
riperint  (  ?)  nunquam  revertetur  qui  uxorem  ducerit  cito 
ceparabuntur  aut  in  dolore  maximo  vivent.  Et  qui 
magnum  opus  inciperit  nunquam  ad  finem  optatum  per- 
ducet." 

"  In  January  there  is  the  first  daye  the  ij.  iiij.  v.  ix. 
xi.  XX. 

In  February  the  xvi.  the  xvij.  and  the  xix.  daye. 

In  March  the  xv.  xvj.  and  xviij. 

In  Aprill  the  vij.  daye- 

In  Maye  the  xv.  and  xvij.  daye. 

In  June  the  vj.  daye. 

In  July  the  xv.  and  xix. 

In  August  the  xix.  and  the  xx. 

In  September  the  xvj.  and  the  xvij. 

In  October  the  vj,  daye. 

In  November  the  xj.  and  the  xvij. 

And  in  December  the  vj.  vij.  and  the  ix*"*." 

Where  is  the  authority  here  quoted  "  secundum 
antiquos  Grecorum"  to  be  found  ? 

Abracadabra. 

Family  Vicissitude.  —  I  have  been  favoured  by 
a  friend  with  the  following  genealogical  note  of 
unquestionable  authenticity,  and  some  interest: — 

Lewis  Carpentier,  a  German  courier,  married 
May  4,  1749,  at  Gretna  Green,  Jane,  9th  daugh- 
ter of  the  Duke  of  Gordon.  This  Lady  Jane  was 
compelled  by  poverty  lo  support  her  family  by 
working  as  a  senipstress  in  various  farmhouses  in 
the  east  of  England.  She  died  at  Dunwich,  co. 
Suffolk,  in  1774,  leaving  issue  one  son  (now  de- 
ceased), whose  only  surviving  child,  a  very  old 


430 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«"»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59. 


man,  is  living  at  the  present  date  in  very  reduced 
circumstances  at  Great  Oakley,  co.  Essex. 

C.  J.  Robinson. 

Lennard  Family.  —  The  following  extracts  from 
the  earliest  register  of  Sevenoaks  parish,  rela- 
tive to  this  eminent  family,  may  be  acceptable  to 
some  of  your  readers  :  — 

"  Baptisms, 
1677.  May  23.  Bapt.  Thomas,  son  of  Sampson  Lennard, 

Esq. 
1.578.  Sept.  25.  Margaret,  dau.  of  S.  L.,  Esq. 

1580.  June  8.     Elizabeth,  dau.  of  S.  L.,  Esq. 

1581.  Nov.  26.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  S.  L.,  Esq. 

1583.  July  28.  Frances,  dau.  of  S.  L.,  Esq. 

1584.  Oct.  11.   John,  son  of  S.  L.,  Esq. 

1594.  Oct.  27.    Margaret,  dau.  of  Henrj'  Lennard,  Esq. 

1597.  Dec.  27.  Ffynes,  son  of  Henry  Lennard,  Knt. 

1598.  Jan.  2 1 .  Philadelphia,  dau.  of  Hen.  L.,  Knt. 

"  Marriages. 

1579.  Dec.  27.  Guildford  Walsingham,  Esq.,  to  Mary 
Lennard. 

1587.  Aug.  23.  Thomas  Greshame,  Esq.,  to  Mary  Wal- 
singham, widow. 

1589.  Sep.  30.  Frances  Querst,  Esq.,  to  Eliz.  Lennard. 

1591.  May  25.  Harbert  Morley,  Esq.,  to  Anne  Lennard, 

Gen. 

1592.  May  24.  Marmaduke  Dorrell,  Esq.,  to  Anne  Len- 

nard, Gen. 

1593.  Sep.  5.    Thomas  Waller,  Esq.,  to  Margt.  Lennard, 

Gen. 

1594.  Apr.  2.     Ralf  Bosvile,  Esq.,  to  Mary  Lenn.ird. 
1598.  Jan.  3.     Francis  Barnam,Esq.,to  Elizabeth  Lennard. 
1601.  May  12.  Robert  Moore,  Esq.,  to  Ffrances  Lennard, 

Gen. 

"  Burials. 
1575.  Oct.  10.  John,  son  of  Sampson  Lennard,  Esq. 
1581.  Oct.  20.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Sampson  Lennard." 

Besides  the  above  are  numerous  entries  relat- 
ing to  the  Sydneys,  Nevills,  Walsingharas,  Bos- 
villes,  Wallers,  and  other  important  families. 

C.  J.  Robinson. 

Impromptu  by  O'Connell. — The  impromptu  of 
Daniel  O'Connell,  occasioned  by  the  attack  of  the 
three  Colonels,  Sibthorp,  Perceval,  and  Verner,  is 
being  given  in  an  incorrect  form  in  the  public 
prints.  The  following  is  a  copy,  as  it  appears  Nov. 
10,1859:  — 

"  Three  colonels  in  three  different  counties  born, 
Sligo,  Armagh,  and  Lincoln  did  adorn ; 
The  first  of  them  in  ignorance  surpassed, 
The  next  in  impudence,  in  grace  the  last. 
The  force  of  nature  could  no  farther  go, 
To  beard  the  third,  she  shaved  the  other  two." 

The  lines  given  below  are  in  the  author's  own 
hand,  dated  August  6,  1838,  and  in  my  posses- 
sion :  — 

«  Three  colonels  in  three  distant  counties  born, 
Lincoln,  Sligo,  and  Armagh  did  adorn ; 
The  first  in  gravity  of  face  surpassed. 
In  sobriety  the  next,  in  grace  the  last. 
The  force  of  nature  could  no  farkher  go. 
To  beard  the  first,  she  shaved  the  other  two." 

Chabx.es  Reed. 
Paternoster  Row. 


Literary  Taste  of  Different  Countries.  —  I  find 
the  following  in  a  late  American  newspaper.  Can 
any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  either  corrobo- 
rate or  disprove  the  assertions  there  made  ? 

"  Literary  Taste  in  this  Country.  —  The  people  of  the 
United  States  show  a  strong  predilection  for  a  light  and 
fictitious  literature.  Of  two  thousand  old  and  new 
volumes  issued  in  this  country  in  the  year,  it  is  said  that 
about  one-half  were  works  of  fiction  or  imagination.  In 
France  only  about  one-ninth  are  works  of  the  same  class, 
and  in  England  works  of  fancy  constitute  one-seventh  of 
the  whole  number  published." 

PisHEY  Thompson. 

Stoke  Newington. 


cauertei. 


There  are  two  meanings  attached  to  the  word 
damask  in  Johnson  :  — 

1.  Linen  or  silk  woven,  invented  at  Damascus, 
by  which  part,  by  various  directions  of  the  threads, 
exhibits  flowers  or  other  forms. 

2.  It  is  used  for  red  colour  in  Fairfax,  from 
the  damask  rose. 

"  And  for  some  deale  perplexed  was  her  spirit. 
Her  damask  late,  now  chang'd  to  purest  white." 

In  this  second  sense  it  is  used  by  many  authors 
of  celebrity,  as  in  the  hackneyed  quotation  from 
Shakspeare :  — 

"  But  let  concealment  like  a  worm  i'  th'  bud  feed  on 
her  damask  cheek." — Twelfth  Night,  Act  II.,  Sc.  4. 

And  in  Milton's  Sonnet  to  Charles  Diodati, 
where  he  uses  the  expression  "  Ne  treccie  d'  oro, 
ne  guancia  vermiglia  M'  abbaglian  si,"  which  Cow- 
per  thus  renders  :  — 

"Yet  think  me  not  thus  dazzled  by  the  flow 
Of  golden  locks,  or  damask  cheek." 

And  moi-e  recently  Sir  Lytton  Bulwer  in  his  great 
novel.  What  will  he  do  with  it?  (vol.  iii.  p.  15.)  : — 

"  Lady  Adela  was  an  unconscious  impostor ;  for  owing 
to  a  mild  softness  of  eye  and  a  susceptibility  to  blushes, 
a  victim  ensnared  by  her  beauty  would  be  apt  to  give 
her  credit  for  a  nature  far  more  accessible  to  the  tender 
passion  than  happily  for  her  own  peace  of  mind  she  pos- 
sessed ;  and  might  flatter  himself  that  he  had  produced  a 
sensation  which  gave  that  softness  to  the  eye  and  that 
damask  to  the  blush." 

I  find,  however,  that  there  is  another  sense  in 
which  the  word  "  damask "  was  used,  i.  e.  to 
cancel  or  efface,  or  cover  over,  as  in  the  Copy- 
right Act  of  Queen  Anne,  the  8th  Anne,  c.  19., 
intituled  "  An  Act  for  the  Encouragement  of 
Learning  by  vesting  the  Copies  of  printed  Books 
in  the  Authors  or  Purchasers  of  such  Copies 
during  the  Terms  therein  mentioned,"  where, 
after  a  long  preamble  showing  how  authors  had 
been  injured  by  piracy  of  various  kinds,  it  pro- 
ceeds to  enact,  "  That  the  author  of  any  book 
and  his  assigns  should  have  the  sole  right  and 


2"'»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


431 


liberty  of  printing  such  book  and  books  for  the 
term  of  21  years  and  no  longer."  And  it  pro- 
ceeds to  enact  in  these  words  :  — 

"That  the  author  of  any  book  or  books  already  com- 
posed and  not  printed  and  published,  or  that  shall  here- 
after be  composed,  and  his  assignee  or  assigns,  shall  have 
the  sole  liberty  of  printing  and  reprinting  such  book  and 
books  for  the  term  of  14  years,  to  commence  from  the  day 
of  the  first  publishing  of  the  same,  and  no  longer ;  and 
that  if  any  other  bookseller,  printer,  or  other  person 
whatsoever,  from  and  after  the  10  day  of  April,  1710, 
within  the  term  granted  by  this  Act  as  aforesaid,  shall 
print,  reprint,  or  imprint,  without  the  consent  of  the 
proprietor  or  proprietors  thereof  first  had  and  obtained  in 
writing,  signed  in  the  presence  of  two  or  more  credible 
witnesses,  or  knowing  the  same  to  be  so  printed  or  re- 
printed without  the  consent  of  the  proprietor  or  pro- 
prietors, shall  sell,  publish,  or  expose  to  sale,  or  cause  to 
be  sold,  published,  or  exposed  to  sale,  any  such  book  or 
books,  without  such  consent  first  had  and  obtained  as 
aforesaid,  then  such  offender  or  offenders  shall  forfeit  such 
book  or  books,  and  all  and  every  sheet  or  sheets  being 
part  or  parts  of  such  book  or  books,  to  the  proprietor  or 
proprietors  of  the  copy  thereof,  who  shall  forthwith  damosA 
and  make  waste  paper  of  them."  ' 

I  shall  be  obliged  by  any  of  your  readers 
giving  the  explanation  of  this  use  of  the  word, 
and  how  derived.        '  Inquirer. 


Minax  <^\ttviti. 

"  Three  Kings  of  Colon."  —  In  the  notice  of 
Bishop  Cosin  in  Surtees's  History  of  Durham,  it 
says  that  he  (the  bishop)  never  sun?,  or  heard 
sung  by  the  choir,  the  "  Anthem  of  the  Three 
Kings  of  Colon ;"  but  at  his  first  coming  to  be 
Treasurer,  did  raze  and  cut  tbe  said  anthem  out  of 
the  old  song-book  in  the  quire.  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  give  me  the  words  of  this  old  an- 
them ?  which  appears  to  have  been  considered 
objectionable,  and  its  supposed  use  brought  as 
part  of  an  accusation  against  the  bishop.  E.  S.  W. 
Norwich. 

Arthur  Hildersham. — Any  information  respect- 
ing the  descendants  of  this  gentleman,  rector  of 
Ashby-de-la-Zouch,  and  Nonconformist,  whose 
life  is  given  in  Clark's  Martyrology,  is  earnestly 
requested.  He  died  4th  March,  1631  (Old  Style), 
leaving, I  believe, four  children;  viz.  Samuel,  rector 
of  West  Felton,  who  in  1642  published  One  Hun- 
dred and  Fifty-two  Lectures  upon  Psalm  LI.,  com- 
posed by  his  father ;  another  son,  name  unknown  ; 
Timothy  ;  and  Sara,  wife  of  Jervase  Lummas  or 
Lomax.  I  can  find  no  public  trace  of  the  exist- 
ence of  any  of  these  persons  subsequently  to  1653, 
but  I  cannot  believe  that  their  fate  is  involved  in 
hopeless  obscurity,  since  their  ancestry  was  as  illus- 
trious as  any  in  England,  Arthur  Hildersham's 
mother  being  Anne  Pole,  grand-daughter  of  Mar- 
garet Plantagenet,  Countess  of  Salisbury  (the 
last  survivor  of  the  royal  house  of  York),  by  Sir 
Richard  Pole,  K.G.     This  noble  descent  is  men- 


tioned in  the  inscription  on  the  tablet  to  Arthur 
Hildersham's  memory  in  Ashby  church.  Can  Sir 
B.  Burke  throw  any  light  upon  this  subject  ? 

T.  E.  S. 
William  Marshall. — Will  some  correspondent 
give  me  some  account  of  William  Marshall,  an 
engraver  (who  lived  about  1640),  and  his  descen- 
dants ?  G.  W.  M. 

Sir  W.  St.  John.  —  Who  was  Sir  Wm.  St.  John, 
an  active  naval  officer  in  the  reign  of  James  I.  ? 

G.  R.  L. 

The  Judges  and  their  Style  Honourable.  -^  For 
this  style,  which  custom  of  some  time  past  seems 
to  have  sanctioned,  there  does  not  appear  any  dis- 
tinct order,  but  a  prescriptive  usage.  Will  some 
of  your  correspondents  say  when  the  style  or  ap- 
pellation originated  ?  Are  the  judges  so  styled 
in  any  commissions,  patents,  or  instruments  issued 
or  sanctioned  by  the  crown  ?  Perhaps  Mr.  Fobs 
may  have  the  means  of  affording  information  on 
this  point.  J. 

Bishops  Elect.  —  Can  a  bishop  sit  in  parliament 
after  his  election  and  confirmation,  but  before  bis 
consecration  ?  J.  R. 

Skelmufeky.  —  In  The  Repuhlic,  a  Poem,  Lon- 
don, 1797,  among  many  unexplained  allusions 
is  the  following,  perfectly  unintelligible  to  me, 
but  I  hope  not  so  to  all  your  correspondents :  — 

"  See  Thomas  Paine  with  aspiration  high 
Bound  up  and  tumble  down  like  Skelmufeky. 
Great  in  the  warrior's,  as  the  statesman's  part, 
This  braves  Barras,  that  noses  John  de  Bart ; 
This  the  Convention  greets  with  honours  full, 
That  sends  his  card  up  to  the  Great  Mogul ; 
And  thrice  deceived,  by  rank  and  riches  vain. 
Ragged  and  dirty  each  goes  home  again." 

What  is  meant  by  Skelmufeky  ?  A  note  says 
"  see  Skelmufeky  s  Travels,  The  original  was  sup- 
pressed, and  the  author  imprisoned  by  the  King 
of  Prussia."  F. 

Box.  —  In  Eyston's  Little  Monument  printed  in 
1716,  I  find  a  house  at  Glastonbury  still  standing, 
and  of  very  considerable  dimensions,  described  as  a 
neat  new  box.  I  have  always  understood  the  term 
to  apply  to  a  small  compact  building.  What  is 
the  origin  of  the  word  as  applied  to  a  house,  and 
when  was  it  first  so  used  ?  J.  G.  L.  B. 

Plough.  —  In  a  warrant  addressed,  at  the  time 
of  the  memorable  rebellion,  by  Lord  Feversham 
to  the  constables  of  Butleigh,  they  are  required 
to  provide  a  number  of  ploughs  for  the  convey- 
ance of  ammunition.  In  Somersetshire  waggons 
are  still  vulgarly  called  ploughs ;  and  a  farmer 
will  tell  you  that  he  has  sent  his  plough  to  coal- 
pit, &c.  Is  this  use  of  the  word  general,  and  how 
did  it  originate  ?  J.  G.  L.  B. 


432 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<>  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59. 


Derivation  of  Hawker.  —  In  an  amusing  article 
by  Alphonse  Esquiros  in  the  Revue  des  Deux 
Mondcs  for  September,  the  following  assertion 
occurs : — 

"  Le  nom  de  hawkers  vient  du  mot  Anglais  hawk 
(faucon).  On  a  cm  sans  doute  trouver  quelque  analogie 
entre  leur  vie  errante  et  celle  des  anciens  fauconniers 
(hawkers),  qui  allaient  chassant  leur  gibier  <j^  et  1^." 

Is  not  the  word  more  generally  derived  from 
the  German  hocken,  in  the  sense  of  carrying  on 
one's  back  ? 

M.  Esquiros,  in  the  same  article,  perpetuates 
the  fable  of  the  chimney-sweeper's  festival  having 
been  .originated  by  Lady  Montague  on  the  re- 
covery of  her  stolen  son.  C.  J.  Robinson. 

William  Shirley,  Dramatic  Author.  —  I  am  de- 
sirous of  obtaining  information  respecting  Wil- 
liam Shirley,  the  author  of  Edward  the  Black 
Prince,  Electra,  &c.  1746—1764.  Was  he  de- 
scended from  James  Shirley  the  dramatist  ?  * 

C.  J.  Robinson. 

Honora  Sneyd.  —  Can  you  kindly  inform  me 
how  I  may  ascertain  whether  I  possess  a  volume 
that  once  belonged  to  the  fiancee  of  Major  Andre 
and  second  wife  of  R.  L.  Edgeworth  ?  It  is  a  duo. 
of  304  pages,  called  The  Excellent  Woman,  and 
has  "  Honor  Sneyd"  written  twice  and  "  Honoria 
Sneyd"  once  acrosa  the  title  and  back  of  the 
frontispiece,  all  in  the  same  neat  lady's  hand. 

The  book  was  published  by  Joseph  Watts, 
M.DCXCii.,  and  is  dedicated  to  Lady  Mary  Walcot 
byT.  D.    Who  was  he?  N.  J.  A. 

Meaning  of  the  Word  End  as  applied  to  Places. 
—  In  Buckinghamshire,  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
Wycombe,  are  a  number  of  places  called  Lane 
End,  Bolton  End,  Cadmore  End,  Roekall  End, 
Wood  End,  Mill  End,  Bockmore  End,  &c.  &c. 
Some  of  these  are  on  the  high  roads,  some  in 
quite  out-of-the-way  places  ;  some  are  on  the  hill ; 
some  in  the  valley ;  some  villages ;  some  have  not 
a  single  house ;  none  of  them  seem  to  be  the  ter- 
mination of  anything ;  and  in  short  they  seem  to 
have  no  distinctive  features  in  common.  What  is 
the  meaning  of  the  word  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

"  Venice,  a  Poem." — There  was  published  in 
1832  a  volume  of  poetry,  Venice,  a  Poem,  and 
Romanus  and  Emilia,  a  dramatic  sketch.  Was 
Luis  Cambray  the  author  ?  Z.  A. 

Reeves's  Hebrew  Psalms.  —  I  have  before  me  a 
email  volume  entitled  — 

"Psalterium  Ecclesise  Anglicanae  Hebraicum.  The 
Hebrew  Psalms,  divided  according  to  the  Verses  of  the 
Psalms  in  the  Liturgy.    Also  the  Scriptural  Parts  of  the 

I^*  Baker's  Biographia  Dramatica,  edit.  1812,  contains 
a  short  but  unsatisfactory  notice  of  William  Shirley. 
The  date  of  his  death  does  not  seem  to  be  known. — £d.] 


Morning  and  Evening  Prayer  and  the  Communion  Ser- 
vice in  their  Original  Tongues.  Published  for  John 
Reeves,  Esq.,  one  of  the  Patentees  of  the  Office  of  King's 
Printer.     London,  1804." 

Was  the  similar .  edition  of  the  Epistles  and 
Gospels,  spoken  of  in  the  preface,  ever  published? 
and  what  is  the  date  and  estimation  of  a  Greek 
Testament  which  the  author  also  refers  to  as 
having  been  edited  by  him?*  Glasguensis. 

John  Murdoch.  —  In  Pictures  of  the  Heart,  by 
John  Murdoch,  2  vols.  12mo.,  1783,  there  is  a 
drama  having  the  name  of  The  Double  Disguise. 
Where  is  the  scene  of  this  piece  ?  Can  you  in- 
form me  whether  the  author  was  the  same  John 
Murdoch  who  was  the  schoolmaster  of  Robert 
Burns  ?  Z.  A. 

Playing  Cards. — I  lately  saw  a  singular  pack  of 
cards  of  foreign  manufacture,  totally  dififerent 
from  our  playing  cards.  There  are  four  suits : 
"  Les  Batons,"  "  Les  Epees,"  "  Les  Coupes,"  and 
"  Les  Deniers,"  answering  to  the  suits  of  our 
common  pack ;  but  there  is  an  additional  court 
card  to  each  suit,  called  "  Le  Cavalier,"  and  a 
further  addition  of  twenty-two  picture  cards,  of 
remarkable  design,  and  with  singular  names ; 
such  as,  Le  Pape,  La  Papesse,  L'Empereur, 
L'Imperatrice,  Le  Bateleur,  Le  Boulanger,  Le 
Jongleur,  Le  Pendu,  Le  Monde,  La  Roue  de 
Fortune.  I  have  seen  mention  of  a  pack  of 
seventy-eight  cards,  called  the  "  Livre  de  Thoth," 
used  in  playing  the  game  of  "  Tara."  Are  these 
the  same  ?  and  what  is  their  real  origin  ? 

Is  seventy-eight  the  original  number  from  which 
our  jifty-tu)o  have  been  selected  ?  or  are  the 
extra  twenty-six  cards  additional  ?  if  so,  when 
and  why  were  they  added  ?  C.  F. 

Right  Hon.  Joseph  Addison.  —  I  have  been  told 
that  Joseph  Addison,  while  officially  connected 
with  Ireland,  occupied  a  house  in  the  lower  part 
of  Booterstown  Avenue,  near  Dublin  ;  and  that 
the  house  in  question,  known  as  "  Addison's 
House,"  was  standing  within  the  last  fifty  or  sixty 
years.  Can  any  correspondent  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
oblige  me  with  an  authority  for  the  allegation  ?  I 
am  aware  that  Addison  had  a  residence  in  or 
near  Finglas.  Abhba. 

Works  of  Fiction  proverbialised.  —  What  ex- 
amples are  there  of  words  analogous  to  Utopian^ 
Quixotic,  etc.  f  Markow-bone. 

Opposite  Mottoes.  —  In  the  Peerage  is  a  motto, 
"  Flecti  non  frangi,"  and  "  Frangas  non  flectes." 
(Among  the  proverbs  in  the  last  number  of "  N". 
&  Q."  is  one,  "  It  is  better  to  bow  y"  to  breake.") 
I  would  ask,  of  mottoes  generally,  are  there  many 

[*  Reeves's  Greek  Testament  is  according  to  the  text 
of  Mill  and  Stephens,  and  the  arrangement  of  Mr. 
Reeves's  Bible.  London,  1803,  8vo.  Mr.  Home  states 
that  it  is  printed  with  singular  neatness.] 


2'>*S.  VIII.  Nov.  26. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEIUES. 


433 


instances  of  directly  opposite  sentiments  being 
thus  inculcated  ?  and,  in  such  cases,  was  that 
which  was  not  first  adopted  taken  from  personal 
antagonism  in  feudal  times,  or  now  of  politics  ? 

Cross-bow. 

Bell-ringers.  —  In  the  work  by  the  Rev.  W.  C. 
Liikis  on  Church  Bells  I  find  the  following  in- 
scription from  a  bell,  p.  88.  :  "  I  was  given  by  the 
Society  of  Northern  Youths  in  1672,  and  recast 
by  the  Sherwood  Youths  in  1771."  Where  can  I 
find  an  account  of  these  societies  ?  G.  W.  M. 

Widoios  Cap.  —  What  is  the  origin  and  the 
date  of  the  introduction  of  that  strange  piece  of 
costume,  the  widow's  cap  ?  An  answer  is  re- 
quested in  order  to  throw  light  on  the  date  of  a 
portrait.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Comer. 

Pepys's  Diary  :  Curious  Prayer. — Can  you  give 
me  any  clue  to  the  meaning  of  the  following  pas- 
sage in  Pepys's  Diary,  under  date  Sept.  23,  1660  ? 
I  mean,  of  course,  so  far  as  relates  to  the  peculiar 
expression  recorded  :  — 

"  Before  Sermon  I  laughed  at  the  reader,  who,  in  his 
pra3^er,  desires  of  God  that  he  would  imprint  His  words 
on  the  thumbs  of  our  right  hands,  and  on  the  right  great 
toes  of  our  right  feet." 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Death  Warrants.  —  I  am  desirous  of  knowing 
when  the  custom  of  signing  death  warrants  by  the 
sovereign,  if  it  ever  existed,  ceased;  what  was  the 
course  pursued  in  obtaining  the  signature,  and 
what  was  the  last  occasion  on  which  a  warrant  for 
the  execution  of  a  criminal  was  signed  by  the 
sovereign  ?  A  Statist. 

Robert  Clay  of  Derbyshire.  /—  Can  any  of  your 
correspondents  residing  in  Derbyshire  inform  me 
at  what  place  in  that  county  Robert  Clay,  eldest 
son  of  Robert  Clay,  formerly  of  Sheffield,  was 
born  ?  His  father  was  a  lead  merchant,  owning 
several  shares  of  lead  mines  and  coal  pits  in  and 
about  Derbyshire  and  Yorkshire,  and  removed 
from  Chesterfield  to  Shefiield  about  the  last  ten 
years  of  the  seventeenth  century,  and  died  at  the 
latter  place  in  1737,  aged  71.  His  mother's  maiden 
name  was  Hannah  Slator  of  Chesterfield.  Robert, 
their  only  child,  was  born  somewhere  in  Derby- 
shire, A.D.  1688,  removed  to  Philadelphia,  Penn., 
in  1707-8,  married  Ann  Curtis  of  Delaware  in 
1710,  and  was  lost  at  sea  in  1717,  leaving  two 
sons,  Slator,  ancestor  of  the  late  Hon.  Henry  Clay 
of  Ashland,  Kentucky,  and  Thomas,  who  emigrated 
to  North  Carolina,  and  died  about  the  year  1744. 
Pebrot  Fenton,  Proctor- 
Doctors*  Commons. 

Walley  Chamberlain  Oiilton,  —  This  gentleman 
was  author  of  several  dramas,  a  History  of  the 
London  Theatres^  &c.,  &c.   Can  any  of  your  readers 


give  me  the  date  of  his  death  ?   He  was  living 
about  1820?  Z.  A. 


^{nor  <aucr(ci  toftib  ^wiiatxi. 

"  Lord  Harry  "  and  a  "  2'oMc/tffr." —  A  neigh- 
bour of  mine,  in  describing  a  narrow  escape  that 
somebody  had  experienced,  made  use  of  the  ex- 
pression, "  By  the  Lord  Harry,  Sir,  it  was  as  near 
as  a  toucher  ! "  Can  any  reader  of  "N.  &  Q."  tell 
me,  first,  who  Lord  Harry  is ;  and,  secondly,  how 
near  a  toucher  may  be  ?      Mark  Astony  Lower. 

Lewes. 

[  May  not  the  "  Lord  Harry  "  be  an  equivalent  to  "  Old 
Harry,"  a  name  which  needs  no  explanation?  Supposing 
the  theory  lately  propounded  in  our  pages  to  be  correct 
(that  the  horns,  tails,  and  cloven  feet,  vernacularly  attri- 
buted to  the  evil  one,  are  due  to  the  Greek  satyri  or 
Eoman  fauni,  p.  387.),  we  aie  disposed  to  think  that 
OM  Harry  was  originally  Old  Hairy.  The  satyrs  were 
said  to  have  hair  like  goats;  and  "hayre"  or  "haire" 
especially'  signified  in  old  English  a  garment  made  of 
goats'  hair.  On  this  supposition.  Old  Harry  or  Old 
Hairy  would  have  some  affinity  to  Old  Shock,  formerly 
the  name  of  a  demon  that  haunted  the  road-sides.  Shock, 
a  head  of  rough  hair,  a  rough-haired  dog.  The  term 
"  Lord  "  maj'  be  applied  derisively ;  or  it  may  allude  to 
1  Cor.  iv.  4.,  where  the  evil  one  is  termed  "  the  god  of 
this  world"  ("  Deus  hujus  sseculi,"  Vitlg.) 

We  regard  "toucher"  as  here  equivalent  to  " touch," 
e.g.  "it  was  a  near  touch,"  i.  e.  a  narrow  escape.  "  Touch,' ' 
contact  without  collision;  the  nearest  thing  possible  to 
an  actual  smash.  We  understand  also  that  "  toucher"  is 
used  to  express  a  narrow  escape  from  being  shot ;  for  in- 
stance, when  a  bullet  passes  through  the  coat-sleeve,  bat 
not  through  the  arm  —  "  That  was  a  toucher."  We  can- 
not pretend  to  define  the  exact  force  of  toucher  in  the 
expression  cited  by  our  correspondent,  without  knowing 
what  was  the  nature  of  the  narrow  escape  experienced. 
Our  present  impression  is  that  the  term  was  originally 
nautical.  "  Touch  the  wind "  was  an  old  command  to 
the  helmsman  to  bring  the  ship  as  near  the  wind  as  pos- 
sible— "  serrer  le  vent ;"  and  when  the  ship  was  brought  so 
near  the  wind  that  her  sails  began  to  shake,  they  were 
said  to  "touch."  "Touch  and  go"  was  when  a  ship 
under  sail  just  touched  the  bottom,  without  grounding. 
(Falconer.)  The  verb  toucher  was  used  nautically  by 
the  French  in  a  similar  sense  — "  frapper  en  passant;" 
and  as  they  have  also  toucher,  a  noun  (the  sense  of  touch, 
the  act  of  touching),  this  may  be  the  origin  of  our 
toucher.  The  French  use  of  the  verb  is  as  old  as  1529: 
"  Nostre  nef,  la  Pensee,  fut  mise  en  rade  honnestement, 
sans  toucher  ;  mais  le  Sacre  toucha."  (Jal.)  Cf.  also  the 
Yankee  phrase,  "This  is  no  touch  to  it,"  i.  e.  does  not 
come  near  it,  cannot  be  compared  to  it.] 

Etymology  of  Scripture  Local  Names.  —  Have 
any  of  the  travellers  in  Palestine  who  have  pub- 
lished accounts  of  that  country,  investigated  the 
fitness  of  the  etymologies  usually  proposed  (such 
as  those  of  Gesenius  or  those  in  Simonis  Onomas- 
ticon)  to  the  rivers,  mountains,  &c.  ?  For  in- 
stance, has  any  traveller  told  us  whether  the 
Kishon  is  a  winding  stream  ?  the  Arnon  a  noisy 
one  ?  or  the  Pharpar  a  rapid  one  ?  Is  the  Kidron 
a  turbid  stream,  such  as  Western  nations  would 
call  Rio  Negro  or  Blackwater  ?    I  mention  these 


434 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59. 


merely  as  specimens,  and  shall  be  glad  of  any  in- 
formation on  the  subject.  E.  G.  R. 

[Our  correspondent  will  find  the  local  names  of  Scrip- 
ture elucidated  in  Arthur  Penrhyn  Stanley's  Sinai  and 
Palestine,  8vo.  1857 ;  but  especially  in  Dr.  Edward  Ro- 
binson's valuable  work,  Biblical  Researches  in  Palesline, 
3  vols.  8vo.  2nd  edit.  1856.] 

Bishop  Landal.  —  William  Landal,  or  De  Lan- 
dalis,  who  was  Bishop  of  St.  Andrews  from  1341 
to  1385,  was  a  son  of  the  baron  or  laird  of  Landels, 
in  the  shire  of  Berwick.  Where  is  the  locality  of 
Landels  ?  There  is  no  place  in  Berwickshire,  so 
far  as  I  know,  now  known  by  that  name.  Could 
any  correspondent  of  "N.  &  Q."  inform  the 
writer  where  Landals  was  ?  Or  who  now  repre- 
sents the  family  of  Landals  ?  MentXnthes. 

Chirnside. 

[By  Landels  is  meant  Lauderdale,  one  of  the  three 
divisions  of  the  countj'  of  Berwick.  From  this  district 
the  noble  family  of  Maitland,  first  Earls,  then  Dukes,  and 
jiow  Earls  again,  take  their  title.  Fordun  {Scotichromcon, 
lib.  vi.  cap.  xlvi.)  says,  concerning  Bishop  Landal,  that 
he  was  Lord  of  all  the  lands  of  Landallis  (Laverdale, 
editio  Heamii),  and  yet  modest,  mild,  and  ingenuous; 
and  that  he  loved  his  canons  as  much  as  if  they  had  been 
his  own  children."] 

Ridley  Hall,  Chester.  —  Who  were  the  inhabit- 
ants of  Ridley  Hall  in  the  county  of  Chester 
from  1650  to  1700?  G.  W.  M. 

[During  the  Civil  War  Ridley  Hall  was  garrisoned  by 
the  Parliament ;  an  unsuccessful  attack  appears  to  have 
been  made  upon  it  on  the  4th  of  June,  1645,  by  a  party 
from  the  garrison  at  Beeston  castle.  (Burghall's  Diary, 
printed  in  the  History  of  Cheshire,  8vo.,  ii.  943.)  This 
ball  was  for  three  or  four  descents  the  seat  of  a  branch  of 
the  Egertons.  In  the  dispersion  of  this  family,  Ridley 
Hall  passed  by  sale  to  Orlando  Bridgeman,  second  son  of 
Sir  Orlando  Bridgeman,  Bart.,  Lord-keeper  of  the  Great 
Seal  to  James  I. ;  but  the  family  do  not  appear,  from  the 
parish  registers,  ever  to  have  made  it  their  residence. 
It  was  consumed  by  fire  in  1700.  (Ormerod's  Cheshire, 
ii.  161. ;  Lysons's  Cheshire,  351.)  We  fear,  however, 
that  these  notices  of  Ridley  Hall  will  not  be  considered  a 
satisfactory  reply  to  the  Query.] 


LOUIS    THE    FIFTEENTH. 

(2"«  S.  vili.  268.  297.  387.) 

Y.  S.  M.  fans  acknowledged  his  error  in  stating 
that  the  late  Earl  of  Stirling  *  was  found  guilty  of 
forgery.     It  would  have  been  more  to  Y.  S.  M.'s 

[*  B}'  the  insertion  of  this  Reply  (with  which  the  dis- 
cussion of  this  question  in  the  columns  of  "N.  &  Q."  must 
be  brought  to  a  close),  we  must  not  be  understood  as  con- 
sidering the  late  Mr.  Alexander  as  Earl  of  Stirling.  No 
man  has  a  right  to  assume  a  title  until  he  has  established 
his  claim  to  it  in  the  manner  which  the  law  requires.  If 
he  does,  neither  himself  nor  his  friends  must  be  surprised 
if  the  world  regard  him  as  a  mere  pretender,  and  treat 
him  accordingly. — Ed.  "N.  &  Q."] 


credit,  hearing  that  the  Earl  had  many  relatives 
and  friends  living,  to  have  let  it  rest  there,  be- 
cause an  accusation  can  be  made  in  a  few  words, 
but  not  so  a  defence.  I  must,  however,  put  Y.  S. 
M.  right  on  a  few  points.  The  word  "Assoilzied" 
does  not  merely  mean  "  not  convicted,"  as  Y.  S. 
M.  ingeniously  suggests,  but  has  a  much  stronger 
meaning;  for  on  referring  to  Wharton's  Zaw  Lexi- 
con,  under  the  head  "  Assoilzie,"  he  will  find  the 
following,  "  to  acquit  a  defendant,  and  to  find  a 
person  not  guilty  of  a  crime.  Scotch  Law."  The 
italics  are  mine. 

The  excerpt  of  a  charter  of  Novo  damns  was 
not  used  by  the  Earl  in  proving  his  right  of  service 
as  heir  to  his  great-grandfather's  grandfather, 
William  1st  Earl  of  Stirling.  Mr.  Banks,  the 
celebrated  genealogist,  brought  the  excerpt  to 
Lord  Stirling  months  afterwards,  and  always  de- 
clared it  to  be  genuine.  The  juries  who  declared 
Lord  Stirling  to  be  heir  to  the  1st  Earl  never  had 
this  excerpt  before  them  !  They  were  men  of 
position,  of  ability,  and  of  high  respectability,  and 
many  of  them  are  living  who  can  testify  to  the 
accuracy  of  this  statement.  In  addition,  on  the 
8th  July,  1831,  Lord  Stirling  obtained  from  Wil- 
liam IV.  seisin  and  investiture  of  his  lands  and 
rights  in  America.  Y.  S.  M.'s  private  opinion  of 
the  tombstone  case  in  the  Tracy  Peerage  may  be 
very  valuable  to  himself,  and  those  who  know 
him,  but  has  nothing  to  do  with  the  matter  before 
us.  It  is  an  anonymous  opinion  wounding  to  the 
feelings  of  living  individuals,  and  as  such  is  un- 
worthy of  a  Christian  and  a  gentleman. 

A  second  antagonist,  M.  L.,  has  however  sprung 
up,  adding  Lincoln's  Inn  to  his  name,  as  a  make- 
weight one  would  suppose.  With  regard  to  Lord 
Stirling's  antecedents,  to  which  M.  L.  alludes,  I 
may  state  that  Mr.  Humphrys,  sen.,  was  a  gentle- 
man of  good  family,  as  well  as  of  wealth  and 
station,  residing  at  the  Larches  near  Birmingham. 
His  wife  was  the  daughter  of  the  Rev.  John  Alex- 
ander, and  his  son,  so  insolently  spoken  of  by  M. 
L.,  was  the  claimant  of  the  Earldom  of  Stirling. 
These  facts  were  testified  to  at  the  trial  by  Lord 
Stirling's  intimate  friends  General  Sir  George 
D'Aguilar,  late  Commander  in  Chief  of  H.  M.'s 
Forces  in  China,  Mr.  J.  Wilson,  late  Chief  Justice 
in  the  Mauritius,  and  Mr.  Charles  Hardinge,  cousin 
to  the  late  Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bart. 

With  regard  to  the  verdict,  so  far  from  Lord 
Stirling  being,  as  M.  L.  insinuates,  "  merely  ac- 
quitted from  the  charge  of  forging  documents 
upon  which  he  based  his  pretended  claim,  but 
which  documents  were  found  to  have  been  forged" 
the  Earl  was  acquitted  also  from  the  charge  of 
having  "  uttered  them  as  genuine  knounvg  them  to 
he  forged"  which  is  quite  a  diflferent  affair,  I 
may  add  here  that  the  documents  on  which  Lord 
Stirling  really  based  his  claim  were  those  in  the 
Digbeth  or  JPe  Porquet  packet,  which  contained 


2«'»  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


435 


a  pedigree,  letters,   and  attested  evidence,  and 
proved  the  claim  of  itself. 

With  regard  to  these  papers  the  verdict  was  as 
follows  :  "  3.  Finding  unanimously  that  the  docu- 
ments in  De  Porquet's  packet  are  not  proven  to  be 
forged."  The  italics  are  mine.  I  think  I  have 
now  succeeded  in  putting  the  case  in  a  very  dif- 
ferent light  from  that  in  which  Y.  S.  M.  and  M. 
L.  wished  to  have  it  viewed.  I  will  merely  add 
that  this  is  the  last  communication  I  shall  send  to 
"  N.  &  Q."  on  the  subject  of  Lord  Stirling  and 
his  claims  :  "  ex  uno  disce  omnes."  J.  A.  Pn. 


NORTHOMBERLAND   NOTES. 

(2"'»  S.  viii.  348.) 

I  beg  to  correct  a  few  errors  into  which  Mr. 
Harwood  Pattison  has  fallen  in  his  Northum- 
brian Notes.  The  churches  of  this  county  are 
generally  constructed  in  the  Norman  or  Early 
English  styles.  The  nave  of  Mitford  church  is 
entirely  Norman  :  the  chancel  Early  English,  ex- 
cepting the  south  door,  which  is  round-headed 
and  ornamented  with  rude  zig-zag. 

With  regard  to  the  crosses,  those  of  Ryton  and 
Ravensworth  are  in  the  county  of  Durham  :  the 
latter  marks  the  spot  where  the  country  people 
came  with  their  commodities  during  the  raging  of 
the  great  plague  in  Newcastle  in  1636. 

There  is  a  fine  octagonal  cross  in  the  church- 
yard of  Morpeth.  Perfect  examples  of  the  pele 
tower  are  not  so  rare  as  your  correspondent  sup- 
poses. There  is  a  very  fine  one  in  the  village  of 
Carbridge.  The  rectory  houses  of  Rathbury  and 
Elsdon  are  pele  towers,  and  are  still  inhabited  by 
their  respective  Incumbents.  Not  unfrequently 
the  church  tower  was  constructed  in  the  same 
manner  ;  examples  of  it  are  seen  in  the  churches 
of  Chatton  and  Longhoughton,  which  have  evi- 
dently been  erected  as  places  of  defence.  Another 
example  of  the  pele  is  Cockle  Park  tower,  now  a 
farmhouse,  figured  in  Grose's  Antiquities  and 
Hodgson's  Northumberland.  Stanard  Pele  is 
nothing  but  the  fragment  of  a  ruin — the  very 
"  shadow  of  a  shade."  The  Hermitage  is  in  Lld- 
disdale  in  Scotland :  it  was  erected  in  the  thir- 
teenth century  by  the  Earl  of  Monteith.  Aydon 
Castle  is  a  fine  example  of  the  houses  of  the  same 
period,  the  licence  to  fortify  it  bearing  date  1302. 

I  cannot  agree  with  Mr.  Pattison  in  his  re- 
mark that  the  church  of  St.  Nicholas  in  this  town 
is  "mongrel."  It  is  true  it  has,  from  time  to 
time,  undergone  repairs ;  but  in  the  main  the 
original  architecture  has  been  copied.  The  choir, 
from  its  great  length,  and  the  remarkably  wide 
span  of  its  arches,  produces  a  fine  effect  when 
viewed  from  below  the  organ  gallery.  I  am, 
however,  sorry  to  say  that  within  the  last  two 
months  the  original  east  window,  of  admirable 


proportions,  has  been  demolished,  and  in  its  place 
has  been  erected  a  great  glaring*  window  of  de- 
cidedly pseudo-perpendicular.  St.  Andrews  is 
generally  considered  the  oldest  church  in  this 
town.  Mention  of  it  first  occurs  in  the  Tyne- 
mouth  Chartulary  in  1218  ;  the  chancel  arch  is, 
however,  anterior  to  this  date.  Grey,  in  his 
Chorographia,  published  1649,  says :  "  In  this 
church  is  to  be  seen  a  pardon  of  a  Pope  for  nine 
thousand  years  to  come."  Search  has  been  made 
among  the  archives  of  the  church  for  this  in- 
teresting document,  but  without  success.  This 
county  is  exceedingly  rich  in  castles  and  eccle- 
siastical ruins,  the  enumeration  of  which  would 
occupy  too  much  of  your  valuable  space.  The 
abbey  church  of  Hexhtim,  now  undergoing  restor- 
ation, is  well  worthy  of  a  visit,  and  the  church  of 
Newburn,  five  miles  west  of  Newcastle,  is  a  per- 
fect gem.  The  arches  on  the  north  side  of  the 
nave  are  of  heavy  Norman,  while  the  south  side 
displays  the  Early-pointed  arch  springing  from 
octagonal  piers.  The  windows  contain  some  fine 
specimens  of  ancient  stained  glass.  This  church 
is  also  interesting  as  the  scene  of  Earl  Copsi's 
murder  in  1067.  Leslie,  the  Scotch  general,  also 
planted  nine  pieces  of  cannon  upon  the  tower 
during  the  "  sharp  conflict  of  28th  of  August, 
1640."  Edward  Thompson. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne. 


BUTTS    FAMILT. 

(2"''  S.  iv.  257.) 

It  is  now  indeed  long  since  I  requested  a  re- 
ference to  the  passage  in  Camden  from  which, 
according  to  E.  D.  B.,  it  would  appear  that  a  Sir 
William  Butts  was  '*  one  of  the  knights  slain  at 
Polctiers,  1356,  when  fighting  in  the  van  of  the 
army  with  Lord  Audeley." 

As  I  proposed  an  intercommunication  by  letter 
with  E.  D.  B.,  it  may  be  thought  that  I  have 
heard  from  him,  and  that  ray  doubts  are  satisfied. 
Such,  however,  is  not  the  case,  as  I  have  received 
no  communication  from  the  reverend  gentleman. 

It  is  only  comparatively  lately  that  I  have  seen 
Mrs.  Sherwood's  Autobiography,  to  which  I  was 
referred  by  Dr.  Doran.  I  there  found  a  "  Table 
of  Descent,"  commencing  with  —  Butts,  said  to 
marry  a  daughter  of  Sir  Will.  Fitzhugh,  Knt.,  of 
Congleton  and  Elton,  co.  Chester ;  his  son  is  called 
Sir  William  Butts,  Knt.,  Lord  of  Shouldham 
Thorpe,  co.  Norfolk,  and  of  Congleton,  co.  Ches- 
ter, slain  at  the  battle  of  Poictiers,  with  a  refer- 
ence to  Camden,  but  no  page  specified ;  he  is 
married  to  a  daughter  of  Sir  Ranulph  Cotgrave, 
Lord  of  Hargrave,  co.  Chester ;  William,  Robert, 
Edward,  and  William  Butt,  in  each  case  described 
as  of  Shouldham  Thorpe  and  of  Congleton,  occur 
in  succession,   marrying    respectively  with    De 


436 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°'i  S.  YIII.  Nov.  26.  '59. 


L' Holme  of  Tranmur,  Boteler  of  Warrington, 
Wentworth  of  Brougliton,  and  Mathew  Ellis  of 
Overleigh.  I  have  consulted  Ormerod's  Cheshire,, 
and  it  is  remarkable  that  I  do  not  find  a  Fitzhugh 
mentioned;  neither  do  I  find  Cotgrave  till  1735, 
when  a  person  of  that  name  was  mayor  of  Chester. 
The  Holmes'  (the  famous  Randle  Holmes)  pedi- 
gree is  given,  but  no  match  with  Butts.  Several 
of  the  name  of  Mathew  Ellis  occur  between  the 
year  1574,  when  Mathew  Ellis,  son  of  Ellis  ap 
Dio,  died,  and  the  year  1685.  For  Boteler  of 
Warrington,  I  consulted  Baines's  History  of  Lan- 
cashire,, but  found  no  match  with  Butts  ;  in  fact 
the  name  does  not,  as  far  as  I  can  see  from  con- 
sulting the  Indices  and  the  .history  of  the  several 
places,  occur  in  either  work.  The  next  in  de- 
scent mentioned  is  William  Butts  (son  of  Will. 
Butts  and  Ursula  Ellis)  of  Shouldham  Thorpe. 
Congleton  here  ceases.  This  William  is  the  first 
mentioned  in  the  Visitation  of  1619  ;  his  wife  was 
a  Kervell ;  and  from  him  to  Leonard  Butts,  who 
sold  the  Norfolk  property,  and  settled  at  Bromley 
in  Kent,  the  "  Table  of  Descent"  follows  the  pedi- 
gree of  the  Visitation.  Of  Cheshire  I  can  say  no 
more  than  I  have  above ;  but,  with  regard  to  the 
Butts  family  being  Lords  of  Shouldham  Thorpe 
at  the  earlier  period,  it  can  be  distinctly  proved 
that  they  were  not. 

Deeds  and  Court  Rolls  show  that  the  manor  of 
JRussels  in  Thorpe  came  to  Dorothy  Frende  as 
cousin  and  heiress  of  Nicholas  Seaman  (see  Blome- 
field,  vii.  427.).  She  carried  it  by  marriage  to 
Thomas  Harpley,  Yeoman,  who  sold  it  to  Thomas 
Gawsell;  his  son,  Richard  Gawsell,  dying  in  1538, 
Ursula  his  widow  married,  secondly,  Will.  Butt  of 
Shouldham  Thorpe,  who  held  his  first  court,  ju7'e 
uxoris,  in  the  11th  of  Elizabeth.  The  manor  of 
Shouldham  Thorpe,  originally  in  a  family  who 
took  their  name  from  the  place,  was  even- 
tually bought,  together  with  that  of  Fodeston,  by 
William  Butts,  grandson  of  the  above-named 
William,  in  the  9th  Jac.  I.,  from  Sir  Robert  Riche, 
Knt.,  for  the  sum  of  1500Z. ;  and  the  whole  was 
afterwards  sold  by  Leonard  Butts  to  Sir  John 
Hare,  Knt. 

Leonard  Butts  married  Jane,  daughter  of 

Lennard  of  Suffolk ;  he  signed  the  Visitation  Pe- 
digree of  1619;  and  as  I  supposed  died  without 
issue.  I  was  therefore  surprised  to  find  in  the 
"  Table  of  Descent "  in  the  Autobiography,  that 
he  had  ascribed  to  him  a  son.  Sir  Leonard  Butts, 
Knt.,  from  whom  Mrs.  Sherwood's  father  is  di- 
rectly deduced, —  Sir  Leonard,  if  the  pedigree  is 
correct,  being  his  greatgrandfather.  Never  hav- 
ing met  with  a  Sir  Leonard  Butts,  I  wrote  to  ray 
friend  Mr.  King,  York  Herald,  who,  in  reply  to 
my  questions,  stated  that  he  had  gone  through  the 
lists  of  knights  of  the  times  of  Elizabeth,  James  I., 
and  Charles  L,  but  found  no  such  person  knighted 
in  either  reign.     He  also  furnished  me  with  the 


substance  of  the  funeral  certificate  of  Leonard 
Butts,  which  states  as  follows  ;  — 

"  Leonard  Butts  of  Bromley,  co.  Kent,  Esq.,  died  at  his 
house  at  Bromley,  18th  December,  16.33,  and  was  buried 
in  the  parish  church  of  Bromley  on  St.  Thomas's  Day 
next  after.  He  married  Jane,  daughter  of  Mr.  Lennard 
of  the  county  of  Sufifolk,  by  whom  he  left  7io  issue.  He 
made  Mr.  Francis  Pigott  of  Stradset  in  Norfolk,  Esq., 
and  Mr.  Hatton  Berners  of  Watlington  in  Norfolk,  Gent., 
executors  of  his  yi'iW." 

The  funeral  certificate  is  generally  considered 
an  authentic  document  to  be  relied  on,  but  here  it 
is  in  direct  opposition  to  the  "  Table  of  Descent." 

The  pedigree  in  the  Autobiography  makes  Sir 
William  of  Thornage,  the  king's  physician  (Hen. 
VIII.),  to  be  the  son  of  John  Butts,  M.P.  for  Lis- 
keard,  1456,  and  grandson  of  the  William  Butts 
who  married  a  Kervell.*  I  should  be  very  glad 
could  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  whether  this 
is  correct,  or  give  any  authentic  information 
with  regard  to  the  earlier  part  of  the  pedigree. 
The  family  may  have  been  of  some  consequence 
in  early  times;  and  I  shall  be  happy,  through 
"  N.  &  Q."  or  privately,  to  receive  proofs  ;  but  it 
seems  to  me  clear,  from  various  existing  docu- 
ments, that,  as  regards  the  branch  at  Shouldham 
Thorpe,  they  were,  prior  to  Henry  VIII.  or  Eliza- 
beth, not  above  the  condition  of  yeomen. 

Geo.  Hen.  Dashwood. 

Stow  Bardolph. 


SIR   PETER   PAUL   RUBENS. 

(2°'^  S.  viii.  410.) 

If  Abracadabra  will  again  refer  to  my  volume 
on  Rubens,  he  will  find  that  he  is  mistaken  in 
saying  that  "  my  book  is  silent  as  to  the  departure 
of  the  great  Flemish  painter  from  England,  ex- 
cepting only  the  minute  of  the  Council  Register 
granting  his  pass,  Jan.  31,  1629-30."  At  p.  146. 
is  the  following  note,  192  :  "  Rubens  arrived  in 
London  about  25th  May,  1629,  and  left  about 
22nd  Feb.  1629-30." 

While  upon  this  subject  it  may  perhaps  be  in- 
teresting to  note  that  Mr.  Bruce's  forthcoming 
new  volume  of  Calendars  of  State  Papers  has 
brought  to  light  two  letters  which  are  curious, 
not  only  as  showing  the  name  of  the  ship  that 
brought   over  the  great   artist  to  England,    the 


*  There  was  a  family  of  Kervell  at  Shouldham  Thorpe, 
whether  a  decayed  branch  of  the  Wiggenhall  or  Wat- 
lington family  I  cannot  say :  but  Simon  Kervell  by  his 
will,  dated  1470,  leaves  "  1  pair  of  sheets,  1  blanket,  1  co- 
verlyt,  1  pot,  5  dishes,  1  pewter  dish,  13  trenchers,  &c., 
to  his  son  and  heir,  John  Kervell ;  also  his  messuage  and 
2  acres  and  a  half  of  land,  on  condition  that  he  pays  to 
Stephen  Lecham  the  sum  of  13  shillings  and  4  pence, 
which  sum  the  said  Stephen  had  lent  him  on  mortgage 
of  his  messuage  and  land."  He  appoints  his  son  John, 
and  William  Butt,  his  executors.  Query,  Did  William 
Butt  marry  the  daughter  of  Simon  Kervell  ? 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


437 


captain,  and  the  exact  day  of  his  arrival,  but  the 
secresy  that  was  observed  on  the  occasion  —  the 
name  of  Rubens  not  being  even  mentioned  in 
either.  By  the  king,  who  had  not  seen  him,  he  is 
designated  "a  person";  by  Capt,  Mennes,  who 
had,  "a  gentleman."  It  will  be  observed  that 
on  '20th  May,  16'29,  Charles  I.  signs  a  warrant  of 
instructions  to  Capt.  John  Mennes  of  "  The  Ad- 
venture," to  waft  the  Marq.  de  Ville  over  to 
Dunkirk,  where,  or  at  the  Fort  of  Mardyke,  he  is 
to  be  safely  landed ;  "  w"^**  having  performed,  you 
are  to  attend  the  coming  out  of  that  port  of  such 
a  person  as  the  bearer  hereof  shall  bring  unto 
you,  and  him  to  conduct  into  this  o""  Kingdome, 
w***  such  servants  and  baggage  as  shall  belong 
unto  him,  w**"  all  convenient  speede."  On  the 
same  day  Charles  I.,  in  a  holograph  letter  to  the 
Earl  of  Holland  (see  Original  Papers  relating  to 
Rubens,  pp.  127-8.),  threatens  to  complain  of 
Mons,  de  Ville  :  "  for  if  he  goe  not  in  my  shipp, 
Rubens  jurney  will  eather  be  hindered,  or  I  shall 
ly  open  to  almost  a  just  exception  to  those  that 
ar  no  frends  to  this  treatie."  The  "  person," 
therefore,  is  doubtless  identical  with  Rubens. 
Again,  on  25th  May,  Capt.  Mennes  writes  from 
Dover  to  the  Lords  of  the  Admiralty  as  follows  : — 

"  On  the  receipt  of  his  Ma'>«'  order  for  the  transporta- 
tion of  the  Marquis  de  Ville,  I  set  saile  for  Dunkerk,  and 
on  the  23''"i  of  this  present  I  landed  him ;  the  next  day  I 
received  on  board  a  gentleman,  whoe  is  coming  towards 
his  Ma"^  whome  y*  night  I  landed  at  Dover." 

It  is,  therefore,  pretty  certain  that  Rubens  ar- 
rived in  London  on  the  following  day,  25th  May, 
1629. 

Abracadabra  is  not,  I  think,  sufficiently  accu- 
rate in  describing  the  MS.  from  which  he  has 
taken  his  extract.  He  has  forgotten,  by  the  bye, 
to  say  that  it  is  in  the  State  Paper  Office  as  "  a 
Docquet-book  of  Admiralty  letters."  It  is  really 
a  table  of  contents  of  a  book  of  letters  not  apper- 
taining to  the  State  Paper  Office,  in  the  hand- 
writing of  one  of  the  clerks  or  copyists  employed 
by  Sir  Jos.  Williamson,  and  was  most  likely  taken 
by  his  directions  from  "  a  Booke  intituled  Adm'^ 
Lres  Etc',"  belonging  to  the  Admiralty.  The 
MS.  has  found  its  way  into  the  State  Paper  Office 
among,  and  forms  part  of,  "  Sir  Jos.  Williamson's 
Collection,"  which  contains  several  books  of  a 
similar  nature,  as  also  many  alphabet  or  index 
books,  &c. 

I  would  alsp  remark  that  Philip,  the  brother  of 
Sir  Peter  Paul  Rubens,  had  not  completed  his 
thirty-eighth  year,  as  noted  by  Abracadabra  from 
Harleian,  No.  218.,  when  he  died  on  28th  Aug. 
1611.  His  exact  age  was  thirty-seven  years  four 
months  and  one  day,  as  certified  in  a  copy  of  his 
epitaph  from  the  original,  and  kindly  forwarded 
to  me  by  H.  B.  M.  Consul  at  Antwerp,  E.  A. 
Grattan,  Esq.  It  is  somewhat  singular  that  in 
Michel,  and  all  the  printed  copies  that  I  have  seen 


of  the  epitaph  of  Philip  Rubens,  the  year  of  his 
death  is  incorrectly  given,  which  I  did  not  dis- 
cover until  after  p.  6.  of  my  book  had  gone  to 
press.  Thus,  mdcxix.  should  be  mdCxi.,  without 
the  final  x,  which  I  suppose  to  be  a  clerical  error 
or  a  mistake  of  the  compositor.  In  the  pedigree 
of  Rubens  attached  to  my  volume,  the  date  of 
the  death  of  Albert  Rubens  is  1st  Oct.  1657, 
which  I  believe,  with  all  the  other  dates  there,  to 
be  correct.  I  collected  them  with  no  little  care, 
and  in  several  instances  possess  original  certifi- 
cates of  their  accuracy.         W.  Noel  Sainsbdbt. 


dSitpXitS  ta  Minat  cauerfcrf. 

Birtsmorton  Court,  Worcestershire  (2""*  S.  viii, 
228.  294.  357.) — It  may  be  interesting  to  some  of 
your  readers  to  know  that  Birtsmorton  Court,  the 
ancient  seat  of  the  Nanfans  referred  to  in  the  in- 
quiry respecting  Cardinal  Wolsey,  was  the  birth- 
place of  the  late  Right  Hon.  William  Huskisson, 
whose  father  rented  it  for  a  few  years  from  the 
last  Earl  of  Bellamont. 

Can  your  correspondents  inform  me  if  any  topo- 
graphical work  contains  a  view  of  this  old  man- 
sion ? 

The  Colonel  Moncton  who  is  said  by  T.  E.  W. 
(p.  295.)  to  have  bought  the  estate,  was  the  Hon. 
Edward  Monckton,  son  of  the  first  Viscount  Gal- 
way,  who  afterwards  purchased  Somerford  Hall, 
Staffordshire.  H.  F. 

Portraits  of  Archbishop  Laud  (2"^  S.  viii.  309.) 
— The  Abp.  was  a  great  benefactor  to  Henley-on- 
Thames,  and  a  portrait  of  him  is  in  the  Council 
Chamber  of  this  town.  John  S.  Burn. 

From  a  fly-leaf  of  a  MS.  I  took  the  following 
note  as  an  addendum  to  the  portraits  of  this  ec» 
clesiastic :  — 

"  Portrait  at  Amesbury,  Oct.  15,  1784,  of  Arbp.  Laud 
by  Vandyke." 

C.  Hopper. 

Change  in  the  Dedication  of  Churches  (2"*  S. 
vii.  255.)^  The  following  may  interest  B.  B. 
Woodward.  The  church  of  S.  Martin,  Leicester, 
is  so  designated  in  the  earliest  records  belonging 
to  the  church  that  have  come  under  my  notice, 
viz.  the  churchwardens'  accounts  for  the  last 
years  of  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  Nevertheless 
it  was  also  designated  S.  Cross,  and  the  street  on 
its  north  side  was  formerly  known  as  Holy  Rood 
Lane.  In  addition  to  the  rood-loft,  with  its  usual 
appurtenances,  there  was  in  this  church  a  large 
cross  which  appears  to  have  been  isolated  from 
any  screen-work,  &c.,  of  which  it  might  other- 
wise have  been  supposed  to  have  been  a  mere 
accessory.  The  church  was  probably  called  S. 
Cross  from  this  circumstance.  The  cross  was  re- 
moved in  the  year  1568  or  1569,  as  appears  by 


438 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2-'d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59. 


the  following  extract  from  the  churchwardens' 
account  of  those  years  :  — 

"Payd  to  Bodeley  for  Caryinge  y"  stones  &  Ramell 
away  where  y"  Crosse  stoode  ......  viij"i." 

What  were  the  "  vowes  "  of  the  church  men- 
tioned by  B.  B.  Woodward  ?  Respecting  those 
over  altars  in  side  chapels,  see  a  Query,  "  N.  & 
Q."  2"<*  S.  vii.  434.  Thos.  North. 

Leicester. 

Papier  Moure  (2'"'  S.  viii.  377.)  —  In  reply  to 
ToPHANA.  respecting  the  ingredient  used  for  the 
preparation  of  papier  moure,  I  forward  the  follow- 
ing extract  from  a  paper  in  the  Pharmaceutical 
Journal  of  this  month,  and  which  bears  directly  on 
the  inquiry :  — 

"  Fly  papers  are  sold  by  the  thousand,  and  are  posi- 
tively stated  to  be  perfectly  harmless  to  animal  life  of  a 
higher  order  than  that  of  our  insect  pests :  that  such  is, 
however,  far  from  being  the  case  the  following  results  of 
an  examination  of  them  will  show ;  the  papers  selected 
being  those  known  as  Papier  Moure  :  — 

"  Four  of  the  sheets  were  taken  at  random,  and  digested 
with  dilute  hydrochloric  acid  until  a  pulpy  mass  was  ob- 
tained. This  pulp  was  then  washed  with  distilled  water 
on  a  filter-paper,  until  the  filtered  fluid  amounted  to  about 
four  pints.  This  was  then  evaporated  till  only  eight  ounces 
remained,  and  sulphide  of  hydrogen  was  passed  into  it 
for  two  hours;  during  this  time  a  copious  precipitate  of 
sulphide  of  arsenic  was  thrown  down.  The  precipitate  was 
collected  on  a  filter,  washed,  and  dissolved  in  dilute  solu- 
tion of  ammonia,  from  which  it  was  reprecipitated  by 
hydrochloric  acid.  The  pure  sulphide  of  arsenic  was 
finally  collected  upon  a  tared  filter,  dried  and  weighed. 
Its  weight  was  found  to  be  12-675  grs.,  equivalent  to 
10'201  grs.  of  arsenious  acid.  The  average  quantity  of 
arsenious  acid  contained  in  each  of  the  sheets  was  there- 
fore 2'55  grs.,  quite  enough  to  destroy  human  life." 

Is  it  not  rather  an  evidence  of  faulty  legisla- 
tion that,  while  restrictions  are  placed  upon  the 
sale  of  arsenic  as  arsenic,  the  poison  should  be  so 
readily  obtainable  in  the  form  of  "  Papier  Moure  ?  " 

J.  W.  G.  GUTCH. 

Dial  ofAhaz  (2"^  S.  viil.  144.)  —  Mr.  Taylor 
will  find  that  an  interesting  paper  on  this  subject 
was  read  before  the  Asiatic  Society  by  Mr.  J.  W. 
Bosanquet  in  August  or  September,  1854.  Its 
title  was :  "  On  the  going  Back  of  the  Shadow 
upon  the  Dial  of  Ahaz  in  the  Reign  of  Hezekiah 
King  of  Judah."  R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Barony  of  Broughton  (2"*  S.  viii.  376.)  —  Ali- 
Quis  appears  to  write  under  some  singular  mis- 
apprehensions. There  never  were  a  provost  or 
bailies  of  the  Barony  of  Broughton,  and  there 
could  have  been,  therefore,  no  late  election  of 
such  office-bearers.  That  barony  was  long  ago 
acquired  (in  point  of  what  is  called  in  Scotland 
superiority,  equivalent  to  an  English  lordship  of 
the  manor)  by  the  Governors  of  George  Heriot's 
Hospital ;  these  governors  consisting  of  the  Town 
Council  and  Ministers  of  Edinburgh. 

Canongate  and  Portaburgh  were  not  proper  ba- 


ronies. On  the  contrary,  Portsburgh  was  part  of 
the  barony  of  Inverleith,  and  the  Canongate  was  a 
burgh  of  Regality ;  its  jurisdiction  appearing  to 
have  comprehended  the  barony  of  Broughton. 
As  to  the  latter,  full  information  will  be  found  in 
Dr.  Stevens's  History  of  Heriofs  Hospital.  See 
also  as  to  Portsburgh,  Brown's  Supplement  to 
Morison's  Dictionary,  p.  895. ;  and  as  to  Canon- 
gate, Lord  Harcarse's  Decisions,  No.  642.  G.  J. 
Edinburgh. 

Sir  William  Ussher  (2"*  S.  viii.  324.)  —  Allow 
me  to  supply  an  omission  in  my  recent  Note  on 
Sir  William  Ussher  ;  and  by  completing  the  case, 
to  put  it  beyond  all  dispute. 

As  I  showed  on  the  authority  of  Dr.  Boate, 
those  who  state  that  Sir  William  Ussher,  of 
Donnybrook  (who  died  in  the  year  1657),  was 
drowned  in  the  river  Dodder  in  1649,  are  in  error ; 
but  strangely  enough,  so  also  is  Dr.  Boate,  who 
makes  Mr.  John  Ussher,  Sir  William's  father,  to 
have  been  the  sufferer,  inasmuch  as  he  had  died 
so  long  before  as  1st  May,  1600.  In  fact,  the  per- 
son drowned  (as  is  mentioned  in  Appendix  I. 
p.  X.  of  the  late  Dr.  Elrington's  Life  of  Archbishop 
Ussher)  was  Arthur  Ussher,  of  Donnybrook,  elder 
son  of  Sir  William,  and  grandson  of  Alderman 
John  Ussher,  of  Dublin.  Sir  William  Betham's 
statement  respecting  him,  as  given  in  the  above- 
named  Life,  is  strictly  correct ;  namely,  that  he 
was  "  drowned  in  the  river  of  said  place  [Donny- 
brook], 2nd  March,  1628,  v.patris;"  but  as  Sir 
William  has  not  given  his  authority,  an  exact 
copy  of  an  entry  in  one  of  Daniel  Molyneux's 
MSS.  (which  are  in  the  library  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin,  and,  particularly  in  this  matter,  may  be 
deemed  well  worthy  of  credit,  Molyneux  having 
been  Arthur  Ussher's  brother-in-law),  will  not 
prove  unacceptable  to  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
In  MSS.  F.  3.  27.  p.  14.,  the  following  words 
occur :  — 

"  Arth''  Usher,  f.  &  h.  S^  W",  ob.  (was  drowned  in 
Donabrook  river)  [interlined],  2  March,  being  Munda}', 
1628." 

I  may  add  to  the  foregoing  particulars,  that  to 
the  munificence  and  religious  zeal  of  Alderman 
John  Ussher  we  owe  the  publication,  in  1571,  of 
the  first  book  printed  in  the  Irish  language  ;  and 
that  in  Sir  William  Ussher's  house  in  Dublin,  in 
1602,  was  printed  the  first  Irish  version  of  the 
New  Testament.  See  Gilbert's  History  of  the 
City  of  Dublin,  vol.  i.  pp.  381 — 388.  Abhba. 

"  Liberavi  animam  meam"  (2""^  S.  viii.  108. 157. 
406.)  —  In  that  curious  little  book,  Les  Aventures 
de  la  Madonna  (by  Renoult,  printed  at  Amster- 
dam, 1701),  I  notice  the  use  of  this  phrase  in  its 
original  sense,  —  that  of  freeing  or  delivering  the 
soul,  though  not  in  the  first  person,  as  in  the  in- 
stances already  noticed.  It  occurs  in  the  dialogue 
said  to  have  taken  place  between  an  image  of  the 


2»<J  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


439 


Virgin  (which  had  been  passed  by  Pope  Gregory 
without  due  reverence)  and  that  Pontiff.  In  the 
course  of  the  dialogue  Gregory  is  made  to  say  :  — 

"  Supra  altare  tuum,  missam  celebravit  odoram, 
Presblter  Andreas,  animam  liberavit  et  ecce, 
Impatiens  semi  coacta  jacet  prope  limina  clausa, 
Gurgitis :  ilia  viara  petit  a  me." 

In  which  the  words  animam  liberavit  of  course  im- 
ply, as  rendered  by  the  author,  "  II  a  obtenu  du 
Ciel  la  delivrance  d'une  ame  du  Purgatoire."    X. 
West  Derby. 

Michael  Honeyioood  (2'"»  S.  viii.  349.)— Mb. 
Hart  is  perhaps  not  acquainted  with  Duport's 
verses  {Horce  Subseciva,  p.  272.),  in  which  he  cele- 
brates the  large  library  of  Dr.  H.,  Dean  of  Lin- 
coln. 

It  is  to  be  hoped  that  Mb.  Habt*8  example  may 
induce  others  to  beat  the  covers  of  our  cathedral 
and  parochial  libraries.  No  one  can  say  how 
many  men  of  worth  and  learning  have  been  en- 
tirely forgotten,  owing  to  the  neglect  of  their  be- 
nefactions by  less  literary  successors. 

J.  E.  B.  Mayob. 

St.  John's  College.  Cambridge. 

Hammer  Cloth  (2"^  S.  viii.  381.  407.)— The  sub- 
joined extract  from  a  paper  on  "  Norfolk  Words," 
by  Anne  Gurney  of  North  Repps  Cottage,  near 
Cromer,  in  the  Philological  Society's  Transactioiis, 
1855  (p.  32.),  offers  a  very  different  explanation 
to  any  that  has  yet  been  furnished :  — 

"  The  hammer  cloth  means  the  skin-cloth,  and  it  was 
usually  of  bear  skin.  The  Icel.  hamr  is  skin,  or  covering 
connected  with  the  term  to  'hapup,'  and  also  with  hamus 
(the  encircling  hook),  and  ham,  home.  The  yellow  ham- 
mer thus  means  yellow  skin.  But  it  may  be  from  the 
likeness  to  hammer  marks  on  a  copper  teakettle." 

W.  J.  Pinks. 

General  Thackwell  (2""*  S.  viii.  310.)— Your 
correspondent.  Esquire,  has  inquired  whether  he 
is  right  in  supposing  that  the  Lieut.-General  Sir 
Joseph  Thackwell,  G.C.B.,  Colonel  of  the  16th 
Lancers,  &c.,  who  died  in  Ireland  the  other  day, 
was  the  Lieut.-Colonel  Thackwell  who  com- 
manded the  15th  Hussars  in  1825,  and  whom  the 
great  poet,  Sir  Walter  Scott,  humorously  called 
"  Colonel  Thwackwell."  His  surmise  is  correct. 
Perhaps  Sir  Walter  was  aware  that  Colonel 
ThwachwelVs  motto  was  "  Frappe  fort,"  a  very 
appropriate  one.  This  gallant  officer  was  present 
at  Corunna,  and  many  other  battles  in  the  Pe- 
ninsular War,  and  lost  his  left  arm,  amputated 
close  to  the  shoulder,  at  the  glorious  battle  of 
W^aterloo. 

After  being  engaged  in  the  suppression  of  many 
riots,  the  Nottingham  riots  of  1831,  &c.,  he  be- 
came a  local  Major-General  in  India  in  1838,  and 
commanded  a  division  in  the  Affghan,  Gwalior,  and 
two  Sikh  campaigns  under  Lords  Ellenborough, 
Hardinge,  and  Gough,     On  his  return  to  England 


he  was  appointed  Inspector-General  of  Cavalry  in 
1854,  which  office  he  held  till  he  became  a  Lieute- 
nant-General.  He  was  fourth  son  of  John  Thack- 
well, Esq.,  of  Rye  Court,  Worcestershire,  Lord  of 
the  Manors  of  Berrow  and  Birtsmorton  in  that 
county,  a  direct  descendant  of  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Thackwell  who  was  vicar  of  Waterperry,  Oxford- 
shire, in  1607.  Sir  Joseph's  death  took  place  very 
soon  after  that  of  his  last  surviving  brother,  the 
Rev.  Stephen  Thackwell,  rector  of  Birtsmorton, 
Worcestershire.  His  breast  was  covered  with 
medals  and  orders.  WAVEBiiEr. 

Col.  Thackwell  was  the  same  officer  who  died 
the  other  day  ;  the  late  Lieut.- General  Sir  Joseph 
Thackwell,  G.C.B.,  having  entered  the  15th  Light 
Dragoons  (Hussars)  in  1800. 

Who  his  father  was  may  be  seen  by  a  reference 
to  Dod's  Peerage,  Baronetage,  and  Knightage. 

S.  D.  S. 

YorkshireWorthies (2°^  S.  viii.  207.)— It  may  not 
be  uninteresting  to  Mb.  Gutch  to  learn  that  a 
prospectus  has  recently  been  issued  by  Dr.  Ingle- 
dew,  F.G.H.S.,  &c.,  announcing  as  in  preparation 
for  the  press.  The  Worthies  of  Yorkshire,  from 
the  earliest  period  to  the  present  time.  E.  E. 

Extraordinary  Birth  (2"^  S.  viii.  299.)  —  F. 
C.  H.  says  the  wife  of  a  man  in  humble  life  near 
Bromsgrove  had  four  children  at  one  birth,  and 
that  they  all  lived. 

I  would  refer  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  to  a 
similar  circumstance  mentioned  in  the  History  of 
the  Ruined  Church  Cambridge  (by  J.  Hatt,  Peas 
Hill,  Cambridge)  :  — 

"  On  5th  November,  1766,  four  children  of  Henry  Coe, 
a  shoemaker,  two  male  and  two  female,  at  one  birth, 
were  baptized." 

The  register-book  states  that  the  procession  to 
the  church  was  attended  by  a  great  concourse  of 
people,  as  there  were  sixteen  sponsors,  besides  the 
father,  nurses,  and  others.  The  mother  doing 
well.  The  names  of  the  children  were  William 
and  Henry,  Elizabeth  and  Sarah.  R.  R.  F. 

"  Andrew,''*  an  Afternoon's  Luncheon  :  *'  Gaff- 
man  "  (2»'i  S.  viii.  328.)  —  In  Halliwell's  Diction- 
ary will  be  found  several  words  which  throw  light 
upon  "  Andrew  "  in  the  above  sense.  "  Anders- 
meat,  an  afternoon's  luncheon."  "  Jamieson  says 
that  orntren  in  Scotland  is  the  repast  taken  be- 
tween dinner  and  supper.  Cotgrave  several  times 
mentions  aunders-meat  as  anafternoon's  refresh- 
ment." "  Undermele,  the  afternoon.  Chaucer. 
Later  writers  use  the  term  for  an  afternoon  meal." 

All  these  words,  "  Andrew "  included,  appear 
to  be  connected  with  the  old  English  "  Andyrs, 
other,"  with  which  cf.  the  German  "  ander,  the 
other,"  and  "  der  andere,  the  second  ;  "  as  if  the 
"Andrew,"  "undermele,"  "orntren,"  or  "aunders- 
meat,"  were  another  or  a  second  meal.   "  Aunder  " 


440 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2''d  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '69. 


was  also  used  in  old  Eng.  to  signify  the  afternoon 
or  evening  (Halliwell). 

Wachter  connects  the  German  ander  (alius) 
with  Goth,  anthar.  "  Ander  "  does  duty  for  "  An- 
drew "  in  the  old  term  "  Andersmas,"  S.  Andrew's 
Day. 

*'  Gaffer,  a  head  labourer  or  workman.  WesV 
Halliwell.  "  Gaffman  "  (the  servant  who  superin- 
tends a  farm),  properly  an  overlooker.  Old  Ger. 
gaffen^  adspectare"  Thomas  Boys. 

Crooked  Boundaries  of  Fields  (2'">  S.  viii.  19.) 
—  These  arise  from  three  circumstances  :  1st,  the 
running  of  the  water  in  the  ditches,  which,  like 
rivers  and  all  streams,  work  themselves  a  crooked 
course  by  indenting  any  soft  place  there  may  be 
in  the  bank,  and,  flying  off  at  an  angle  with  in- 
creased impetus  against  the  opposite  side,  much 
as  a  billiard  ball  does  off  a  cushion,  make  a  corre- 
sponding indentation  a  little  farther  on.  The 
second  cause  is  the  growth  of  large  trees  on  the 
banks  ;  the  roots  or  "toes"  of  which  tree  project 
into  the  ditch  for  the  sake  of  the  moisture,  and 
as  the  neighbours  do  not  like  to  injure  the  timber, 
they  cut  the  ditch  closer  into  the  land  between 
them,  so  as  to  make  a  sort  of  give-and-take  line. 
The  third  cause,  which  accounts  for  the  large 
curves  often  found  in  fences,  is  that  they  have 
followed  the  boundary  or  edge  of  some  old  pond 
or  pool,  since  drained  and  filled  up  or  levelled. 
On  comparison  with  old  maps  I  have  known 
fences  which  were  set  out  quite  straight  in  allot- 
ments a  hundred  years  ago,  have  now  become 
considerably  crooked.  And  only  a  short  time  ago, 
in  making  a  survey,  I  found  a  river  had  changed 
its  course,  and  had  become  more  crooked,  to  an 
extent  of  nearly  double  its  width,  since  a  map 
made  in  1745.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Wm.  Shahspeare  Payton  (2°*  S.  viii.  292.)  — 
The  Query  of  Me.  E.  Y.  Lowne  on  the  above 
name,  and  some  similar  ones  previously  inserted 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  as  well  aa  other  papers,  leads  me 
to  imagine  that  few  who  are  not  residents  in  or 
near  Warwickshire  have  any  idea  how  common 
the  name  is  there.  The  Birmingham  Directory  for 
1858  contains  five  Shakespeares  and  four  Shake- 
spears  ;  and  these  nine  individuals  probably  re- 
present at  least  forty  persons  of  the  name  in  that 
town  only.  There  are  many  more  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood ;  and  when  to  all  these  are  added  the 
numerous  allied  families,  individuals  of  which 
have  Shakspeare  for  a  second  or  middle  name,  it 
is  likely  that  there  are  hundreds  of  the  name 
within  a  radius  of  a  few  miles.  N.  J.  A. 

Blue  Blood  (2°«  S.  vii.  47.)  —  The  Query,  ask- 
ing an  explanation  of  this  expression  in  its  Spanish 
meaning,  as  intimating  illustrious  birth  and  high 
extraction,  has  hitherto  remained  without  a  reply. 


On  referring  to  the  Aventures  of  Don  J.  de  Var- 
gas, recently  cited  in  your  columns  (p.  355.),  I 
find  a  note  by  the  learned  Editor  which  throws 
some  light  upon  the  subject ;  though  not,  perhaps, 
all  that  is  required.  It  appears  that  the  Spa- 
niards reckon  three  degrees  of  nobility:  I.  the 
highest  and  most  illustrious ;  2.  that  which  is 
somewhat  less  exalted,  but  still  pure ;  3.  that 
which  has  some  plebeian  admixture  ;  and  that  to 
these  three  degrees  appertain  the  respective  de- 
signations of  blue  blood,  red  blood,  and  yellow 
blood :  — 

"  L'orgueil  castellan  distingue  dans  la  noblesse  trois 
especes  de  sang :  sangre  azul  (sang  bleu),  se  dit  de  la 
noblesse  la  plus  illustre ;  sangre  Colorado  (sang  rouge),  de 
la  bonne  noblesse;  sangre  amarillo  (sang  jaune),  de  cells 
qui  a  re9U  quelque  m^ange  de  sang  pl^b^ian."  —  AveiU. 
p.  9. 

And  now  can  any  of  your  learned  readers  sup- 
ply what  is  yet  deficient,  by  explaining  this  appor- 
tionment of  the  three  colours,  blue,  red,  and 
yellow  ?  It  does  not  appear  to  be  heraldic ;  but 
one  can  hardly  deem  it  altogether  fanciful. 

Thomas  Boys. 

Quotation  (2"''  S.  viii.  327.)— In  the  Appendix 
xxiv.,  XXV.,  and  xxvi.  to  the 

"  Memoirs  of  the  most  renowned  James  Graham,  Mar- 
quis of  Montrose.  Translated  from  the  Latin  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  George  Wishart,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Edinburgh." 
Edinburgh,  1819, 

will  be  found  specimens  of  the  marquis's  poetical 
genius.     I  copy  the  first  two  verses  of  the  poem 
from  which  the  quotation  was  taken  :  — 
Part  First. 
"  My  dear  and  only  love  I  pray 
This  noble  world  of  thee, 
Be  governed  by  no  other  sway, 

But  purest  monarchie. 
For  if  confusion  have  a  part. 

Which  vertuous  souls  abhore, 
And  hold  a  synod  in  thy  heart, 
I'll  never  love  thee  more. 

"  Like  Alexander,  I  will  reign. 
And  I  will  reign  alone ; 
My  thoughts  shall  evermore  disdain 

A  rival  on  my  throne. 
He  either  fears  his  fate  too  much, 

Or  his  deserts  are  small, 
That  puts  it  not  unto  the  touch, 
To  win  or  lose  it  all,"  &c. 

Belater  Adime. 

Kenrick  Family  (2°^  S.  viii.  328.)  —  A  person 
of  that  name  was  Mayor  of  Bewdley  in  1778. 
There  are  none  of  that  family  now  resident  in  the 
town  ;  but  in  a  neighbouring  parish,  Astley,  Wor- 
cestershire, the  name  still  continues.       T.  E.  W. 

Heralds'  Visitations  (2""'  S.  viii.  303.)— To  this 
list  may  be  added,  1684,  Huntingdonshire  (MSS. 
CoUege-at-Arms,  K  7. ;  quoted  In  Gorham's  His- 
tory  ofEynesbury  and  St.  Neots,  p.  154.). 

Joseph  Bix. 


2°'!  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


4il 


Cleanctus  (2'^'*  S,  viii.  310.)  — 

I  never  read  Theophrastus,  but  think  I  can 
save  M.  E.  the  trouble  of  a  search  without  going 
so  far :  — 

"  Kal  irrpaTtiiyoi  ovfi'  oc  ets 
Tiiv  jrpOTOu  <rCrri<riv  y)-nja'  ipofievot  K\taiveTov." 

Eqvites,  v.  670. 
"  Never  then  did  general. 
Though  ambitious  of  the  Hall, 
Pay  the  tribute  of  his  knee 
To  Cleaenctus  *,  that  he 
Might  his  commons  get  cost-free." 

The  misprint  repeated  probably  overcame  the 
doubt  which  the  hitch  in  the  fourth  line  must 
have  suggested  to  so  good  a  versifier  as  Mr. 
Dyer.  H.  B.  C. 

V.  U.  Club. 

John  Pope,  Gentleman  (2"*  S.  viii.  378.)— I  be- 
lieve the  John  Pope  inquired  after  by  Me.  Corner, 
was  the  only  brother  of  Sir  Thomas  Pope,  the 
munificent  founder  of  Trinity  College,  Oxford. 
He  was  settled  at  Wroxton,  in  Oxfordshire,  in  the 
reign  of  Edward  VI.,  where  he  was  buried  Jan. 
24,  1583.  He  appears  to  have  been  a  large  holder 
of  Abbey  lands.  In  1544  he  purchased  of  Henry 
VIII.  the  estates  belonging  to  the  dissolved  Canons 
of  Kenilworth  for  1501Z.  13s.  8c?.  (Dugdale's 
Warwickshire,  p.  474.)  In  the  same  year  he  re- 
ceived a  grant  of  the  site  of  the  house  of  Fran- 
ciscan Friars  at  Lincoln  (Tanner's  Not.  Mon.,  fol. 
p.  281.);  as  also,  with  others,  the  site  of  the 
Black  Friars  at  Beverley,  in  Yorkshire  {Ibid.,  p. 
689.).  In  1545,  he  received  some  lands  belong- 
ing to  the  Priory  of  Blleigh,  in  Essex  (Newcourt's 
B.ep.,  ii.  610.).  Numerous  other  instances  from 
patents  and  privy  seals  might  easily  be  adduced, 
but  probably  the  above  is  sufficient  to  show  the 
nature  of  his  large  possessions. 

He  was  three  times  married,  and  left  issue 
three  sons  and  seven  daughters.  A  curious  and 
minute  account  of  his  descendants  is  given  in  the 
Appendix  to  Thomas  Warton's  Life  of  Sir 
Thomas  Pope,  2nd  Edition,  with  Corrections  and 
Additions,  8vo.,  1780.         Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

"  O  whaur  got  ye  that  ionnie  blue  bonnet"  (2"^  S. 
viii.  148.  258.  363.)  — The  Scotch  song  sent  you 
by  Yemen,  from  Arabia,  is  evidently  a  modern 
imitation  of  the  original  words  of  the  Scotch  air 
"Bonnie  Dundee,"  better  known  perhaps  as  "  Saw 
ye  my  wee  thing,"  from  being  now  generally  sung 
to  Hector  M^^Neil's  song  commencing  with  these 
words.  It  was  probably  composed  by  some  female 
member  of  the  family  among  whose  papers  it  was 
found.  D.  M.  L.'s  memory  is  evidently  at  fault 
in   supposing   it  part  of  the   song   he  furnishes. 


*  "  Cleaenctus  was  the  author  of  a  law  which  limited 
the  admissions  to  the  Prytaneum.  All  persons,  therefore, 
who  were  ambitious  of  this  honourable  distinction  took 
care  to  pay  their  court  previously  to  him." — Mitchell's 
Translation,  vol.  i.  p.  211.,  Lond.  1820. 


which  was  furbished  up  by  Burns  for  Johnson's 
Museum,  and  which  seem  to  have  been  floating  in 
his  memory.  J.  M.  furnishes  both  stanzas  of  the 
song ;  of  which  the  first  four  lines  are  old,  and 
the  others  are  by  Burns.  There  is  a  variation  in 
the  recitations  of  the  first  line :  one  set  being 
"hauver  meal  bannock,"  i.  e.  a  cake  baked  of  a 
mixture  of  oat  and  barley-meal ;  and  the  other, 
and  apparently  more  correct  version,  "  a  bonny 
blue  bannet,"  certainly  a  more  appropriate  pre- 
sent from  a  "bonny  Scots  callant.'!  The  other 
rendering  may  have  easily  arisen  from  a  person 
having  learned  the  song  by  ear,  without  having 
any  idea  of  the  meaning  of  the  words.  Thus  a 
friend  of  mine  learned  the  song,  "  The  Laird  of 
Cockpen"  in  her  youth,  and  used  to  sing  about 
Miss  Jean  being  "  a  penniless  lass  with  a  lamp  o' 
degree,^'  instead  of  "  a  penniless  lass  wi'  a  lang 
pedigree,"  the  latter  word  being  evidently  far 
above  her  comprehension.  I  lately  observed 
among  the  newspaper  scraps,  that  a  young  lady 
had  learned  one  of  Moore's  Irish  Melodies  by  ear, 
and  used  to  delight  herself  and  enchant  her  com- 
panions by  singing  of  two  lovers,  that  — 
"  He  bolted  the  hock ; 
She  salted  it  down." 

Till,  unluckily,  one  day  she  by  chance  found  the 
words  in  print,  and  for  the  first  time  learned  that 
they  ought  to  be  — 

"  He  bold  as  the  hawk ; 
She  soft  as  the  dawn." 

Which,  of  course,  would  silence  her  on  this  sub- 
ject for  ever.  J.  A.  Perthensis. 

The  Boyle  Lectures  (2"^  S.  viii.  352.)— I  have 
diligently  referred  to  the  places  indicated  in  your 
last  number,  but  have  only  gleaned  from  them 
one  name  of  a  Boyle  Lecturer  in  addition  to  the 
list  given  by  Darling :  that  of  Canon  Words- 
worth, who  is  said  to  have  preached  and  pub- 
lished in  1854.  Mr.  Maurice's  date  is  1846- 
1847.  This  information  only  adds  to  the  list  of 
lacuncB.  What  preachers  filled  the  oflice  before 
Canon  Wordsworth  ?  And  who  have  been  ap- 
pointed since  ? 

Your  columns  also  say  that  the  trustees  "  are 
(were,  1854,)  the  Duke  of  Devonshire,  the  Earl 
of  Burlington,  and  the  Bp.  of  London."  Two  of 
these  eminent  persons  are  dead.  The  Earl  of 
Burlington  is  now  the  Duke  of  Devonshire. 

Again  I  ask,  who  are  the  existing  trustees  ? 
Have  they  funds  ?  If  not,  why  not  ?  If  they 
exist,  how  are  they  used  ?  Is  there  no  clerk  or 
solicitor  to  the  trustees  ?     Are  there  no  records  ? 

It  is  certainly  very  curious  that  there  should  be 
more  difficulty  in  ascertaining  the  fate  of  an  in- 
stitution not  two  centuries  old,  than  in  discover- 
ing the  names  of  Athenian  orators,  and  fixing  the 
date  of  their  orations. 

I  have  an  idea  that  the  present  Bishop  of  Lin- 


44^ 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


t2»<>  S.  VlII.  TSov.  26.  'od. 


coin  preached  the  Boyle  Lecture  while  at  St. 
James's  —  but  I  am  not  certain. 

Some  of  these  metropolitan  institutions  require 
to  be  looked  up.  What  has  become  of  the  once 
celebrated  Shoreditch  Lecture,  held  for  many  years 
by  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Ellis,  who  died  about  four  years 
since?  What  is  effected  with  the  funds  of  Dr. 
Bray's  Associates,  whose  secretary,  Dr.  Wesley, 
has  just  deceased  ? 

I  should  like  very  much  to  see  a  catalogue  of 
the  Warburtonian  Lectures.  Possibly  this  might 
be  obtained  at  Lincoln's  Inn.  Who  has  the  ap- 
pointment of  this  lecturer  ? 

While  I  am  on  the  subject  I  would  ask,  does  a 
Catalogue  of  the  Donnellan  (Irish)  Lectures  exist? 

An  Enquiree. 

Duke  of  Bolton  (2"*  S.  viii.  355,)— Granger,  in 
his  Biographical  Dictionary  (iv.  268,,  ed.  1775)', 
gives  the  following  character  of  Charles,  Marquis 
of  Winchester,  created  Duke  of  Bolton  :  — 

"  This  nobleman,  when  he  saw  that  men  of  sense  were 
at  their  wits'  end  in  the  arbitrary  and  tyrannical  reign 
of  James  the  Second,  thought  it  prudent  to  assume  the 
character  of  a  madman,  as  the  first  Brutus  did  in  the 
reign  of  Tarquin :  he  danced,  hunted,  or  hawked  a  good 
part  of  the  day,  went  to  bed  before  noon,  and  constantly 
sat  at  table  all  night.  He  went  to  dinner  at  six  or  seven 
in  the  evening,  and  his  meal  lasted  till  six  or  seven  next 
morning ;  during  which  he  ate,  drank,  smoked,  talked,  or 
listened  to  music.  The  company  that  dined  with  him 
were  at  liberty  to  rise  and  amuse  themselves,  or  take  a 
nap  whenever  they  were  so  disposed,  but  the  dishes  and 
bottles  were  all  the  while  standing  upon  the  table.  Such 
a  man  as  this  was  thought  a  very  unlikely  person  to  con- 
cern himself  with  politics,  or  with  religion.  By  this  con- 
duct he  was  neither  embroiled  in  public  afi^airs,  nor  gave 
the  least  umbrage  to  the  Court ;  but  he  exerted  himself 
so  much  at  the  Revolution,  that  he  was,  for  his  eminent 
services,  created  Duke  of  Bolton ;  he  afterwards  raised  a 
regiment  of  foot  for  the  reduction  of  Ireland." 

R.  W,  Hackwood. 

Duchess  of  Bolton  (2°'*  S.  viii.  291.)  —  A  6ne 
portrait  of  the  Polly  Peachum,  Duchess  of  Bolton, 
exists  at  the  family  seat  of  Hackwood,  Hants. 

■     M.  4. 

Crest  of  Aylward  Family  (2°^  S.  viii.  330.)  — 
The  arms  of  Alward  alias  Anphord  as  granted  by 
Barker  (Garter,  temp.  Hen.  VIII.)  are  ar.  on  a 
saltire  az.  between  four  griffins'  heads  erased,  gu.  a 
leopard's  face,  or,  between  four  lozenges  of  the  first. 
Crest:  a  hind's  head  az.,  gorged  with  three  be- 
zants between  two  oak  slips,  vert,  fructed  gold, 
between  two  barres  gemelles,  or.        Cl,  Hopper. 

The  great  Bell  of  Moscow :  Reputed  Chinese  In- 
ventions :  the  Compass  (2°^  S.  viii.  -306.)  —  In  his 
Note  regarding  the  great  bells  at  Westminster 
Palace,  Mb.  Buckton  seems  to  infer  that  the  mon- 
ster bell  of  Moscow  was  fractured  during  the  pro- 
cess of  ringing.  This,  however,  is  not  the  case, 
for,  because  of  its  weight,  the  bell  never  was  sus- 

S ended.     The  fact  is  that  during  a  fire   at  the 
Lreml,  water  was  inconsiderately  poured  upon  the 


red  hot  palladium  of  the  Moscow  citizens,  and 
this  occasioned  the  fracture,  which  rendered  the 
maiden  bell  perfectly  unfit  for  use.  It  has  now 
been  placed  on  a  pedestal,  and  the  fragment  is 
standing  beside  it.  On  the  occasion  of  its  removal 
to  its  present  site  an  inquiry  was  instituted  as  to 
the  truth  of  the  popular  belief,  that  during  the 
casting  large  quantities  of  gold  and  silver  had 
been  thrown  into  the  glowing  mass ;  and  the  re- 
sult has  shown  that  no  precious  metals  have  en- 
tered into  its  composition.  For  farther  particulars 
I  must  refer  the  curious  to  one  of  the  last  num- 
bers of  that  most  interesting  periodical  ih^Maga- 
sin  Pittoresque,  which  I  cite  from  memory. 

There  is  another  statement  by  Mr.  Buckton 
which  I  am  fain  to  contradict.  He  says  :  "Eu- 
ropeans generally  are  largely  indebted  to  the 
Chinese  for  the  invention  of  the  magnet,  printing, 
and  paper-money."  Now  I  think  it  behoves  Me. 
Buckton  to  show  that  this  really  was  the  case. 
For  I  do  not  believe  one  of  the  Chinese  inven- 
tions he  names  was  not  invented  again  by  us  bar- 
barians; with  the  exception  perhaps  of  the  compass, 
which  may  have  reached  the  seafarers  of  our  part 
of  the  world  by  way  of  the  Red  Sea,  where,  as  the 
common  saying  goes,  Arabs  should  have  found  it 
on  board  of  Chinese  trading  fleets ;  but  then  it 
still  has  to  be  proved  that  Arab  writers  mention 
the  magnetic  needle  before  it  was  known  to  be 
used  in  Europe,  Is  it  not  very  probable  that,  in 
fact,  the  first  compass  was  an  iron-pointed  arrow, 
equipoised  from  a  string,  and  that  in  such  a  man- 
ner the  nations  of  roving  armies,  which  poured 
over  Europe,  once  were  directed  towards  the 
north  ?  We  still  find  the  arrow  on  the  rose  of  the 
compass,  though  here  again  the  question  arises, 
whether  the  arrow-head  is  not  a  French  lily,  even 
as  the  French  lily  is  said  to  be  a  spear-head,  or 
a  toad.  And  the  Arabs  still  call  the  needle  mona- 
sala  or  dart.  J.  H.  van  Lennep. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

As  a  postscript  I  may  add  that  poor  Schamyl, 
when  conveyed  to  Russia,  constantly  kept  his  eye 
on  a  small  pocket-compass,  as  he  thought  that  by 
the  direction  of  the  needle  he  would  be  informed 
whether  he  was  going  to  be  brought  into  exile  to 
Siberia  or  not.  This  was  his  incessant  fear  during 
his  voyage. 

''The  Golden  Bough"  (2°^  S.  viii.  377.)— I 
presume  the  engraving  referred  to  by  Mr.  Kaines 
is  from  the  picture  styled  "Lake  Avernus,  the 
Sibyl  and  the  Golden  Bough,"  and  numbered  371. 
in  theVernon  Gallery ;  and  that  it  represents  iEneas' 
discovery  of  the  golden  bough,  which  was  to  en- 
able him  to  descend  into  the  Infernal  Regions, 
and  is  taken  from  the  6th  ^neid,  lines  13G — 148. 
and  203—211. 

I  have  no  doubt  this  explanation  will  be  fur- 
nished by  many  other  correspondents,  and  I  should 


2»<>  S.  VIII.  Nov.  26.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


443 


have  left  it  to  them  to  answer  Mb.  Raines's  in- 
quiry, but  for  the  opportunity  it  affords  of  point- 
ing out  what  appears  to  me  to  be  a  contradiction 
in  the  poet's  narrative.  In  line  146.  the  Sibyl 
tells  iEneas  that  he  will  have  no  difficulty  in  se- 
curing the  bough,  if  the  Fates  permit  him  to  visit 
the  Shades : — 

"...    namque  ipse  volens  facilisque  sequetur, 
Si  te  fata  vocant :  aliter,  non  viribus  uUis 
Vincere,  nee  duro  poteris  convellere  ferro  " ; 
but  when  he  describes  the  hero  as  actually  grasp- 
ing the  prize,  his  language  is 

«  Corripit  extemplo  ^neas,  avidusque  refringit 

Cunctantem " 

I  observe  that  there  is  another  reading  given, 
"  Sedantem,"  but  I  imagine  it  will  find  few  sup- 
porters. C.  H. 

Tote  (2°*  S.  viii.  282.  338.)  —  The  word  tote 
has  many  more  meanings  than  either  Me.  Mtebs 
or  Mr.  p.  Thompson  assign  to  it.  Old  writers 
often  used  it  in  the  sense  of  to  pry,  look  about, 
&c.  Abp.  Cranmer,  speaking  of  the  elevation  of 
the  Host,  uses  the  word, 

"  Peepj'ng,  tootyng,  and  gasyng  at  that  thing,  whiche 
the  priest  held  up  in  his  hands." — Def,  of  the  Sacra. 
fol.  101.  a. 

Spenser  also  uses  the  word  in  the  sense  of  to 
search  for :  — 

"  I  cast  to  go  a  shooting, 
Long  wand'ring  up  and  down  the  land, 
With  bow  and  butts  on  either  hand, 

For  birds  in  bushes  tooting." — Shep.  Cal. 

Tote  had  also  the  meaning  of  to  sound,  or  make 
a  noise,  as, 
"  Toting,  and  piping  upon  the  destroyed  organ  pipes." 
-Bp.  Hall,  Specialities  of  his  Life. 

In  Howell's  Letters  we  find  the  word  used  to 
signify  something  prominent :  — 

"  Though  perhaps  he  had  never  a  shirt  to  his  back, 
yet  he  would  have  a  toting,  huge,  swelling  ruff  about  his 
neck." — Howell,  Lett.  I.  iii.  32. 

In  the  following  passage  the  word  tote  would 
seem  to  have  another  meaning,  equivalent  per- 
haps to  our  expression  to  lounge,  or  to  stroll :  — 

"Then  toted  I  into  a  taverne,  and  there  I  aspyede 
Two  frere  Carmes." — Pierce  PL  Crede  (qA.  1563),  sign. 
B.  iii.) 

On  second  thoughts,  perhaps  to  peep  would  be 
the  more  correct  interpretation  of  the  word  tote 
in  the  above  quotation,  as  the  same  author,  in 
another  part  of  the  work  I  have  quoted  from 
(sign.  B.  i.)  uses  the  word  in  the  sense  of  look- 
ing:— 

"  Then  turned  I  again  when  I  had  all  ytoted." 

J.  A.  Pn. 

The  handle  of  a  carpenter's  plane  is  called  a 
tote  to  this  day.  Does  not  this  fact  infer  the 
word  to  be  of  Anglo-Saxon  origin  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corns'". 


Texts  from  the  Apocrypha  (2"^  S.  viii.  309.)  — 

"  A  Sermon  preached  on  the  late  Fast  Day,Wednesda}', 
Oct.  19,  1803,  at  the  Parish  Church  of  Hatton,  Warwick- 
shire, by  Samuel  Parr,  LL.D ,  has  a  text  from  the  Apo- 
crypha, viz.  1  Maccabees,  iii.  21. :  '  We  fight  for  our  lives 
and  our  laws.' " 

The  sermon  was  published,  4to.  Lond.  1804. 
and  reprinted  by  Johnstone  in  his  edition  of 
Parr's  Works,  vol.  ii.  p.  625.  &c.  Y.  B.  N.  J, 

Mr.  Ralph  Willett  (2"*  S.  viii.  308.)  —The  son 
or  nephew  of  Mr.  Ralph  Willett  died  in  the 
Albany  some  two  years  back.  He  had  a  valuable 
collection  of  coins,  but  was  fortunate  especiaHy 
in  his  Hogarths,  of  which  he  had  a  dozen  or  more, 
including  the  charming  portrait  of  Mrs.  Hogarth 
that  was  at  Manchester.  I  remember  having 
heard  him  say  that  at  his  seat  in  Dorsetshire  he 
had  a  large  collection  of  pictures,  English  and 
foreign.  A.  F. 

"  Eleu  loro"  (2°''  S.  viii.  292.)— The  latter  word 
is  the  dative  plural  of  the  personal  pronoun  third 
person  in  Italian,  and  signifies  "  to  them,  for 
them."  JEleu  is,  no  doubt,  a  corruption  of  the 
Italian  Ela.  The  meaning  of  the  phrase  is,  "Alas! 
for  them,"  as  the  context  will  show.  A.  A. 

Poets'  Comer. 

Marriage  Customs  (2°'^  S.  viii.  186.)  —  Urqu- 
hart  says  that  the  slipper  is  a  symbol  of  authority. 
In  Morocco  a  pair  are  carried  before  the  Sultan, 
as  amongst  us  the  sceptre  and  sword  of  state. 
At  a  Jewish  wedding  at  Rabat,  the  bridegroom 
struck  the  bride  with  his  shoe,  in  token  of  autho- 
rity and  supremacy.  Thus  Scripture  speaks  of 
transferring  the  shoe  in  certain  cases.  —  Pillars  of 
Hercules,  i.  305.  F.  C.  B. 

The  unburied  Ambassadors  (2"^  S.  viii.  377.)  — 
More  than  twenty  years  ago,  the  late  Mr.  Catling, 
the  intelligent  Sacrist,  called  my  attention  to  an 
unburied  coffin  in  one  of  the  side  chapels  of  West- 
minster Abbey,  which  he  said  was  that  of  a 
Spanish  ambassador.  The  tradition  deserves  some 
credence  from  the  following  passage,  which  I 
turned  up  in  Macky's  Journey  through  Ejiglandj 
ed.  1724,  vol.  i.  p.  207.  :  — 

"  Poor  Don  Pedro  de  Ronquillo,  who  served  Spain  so 
long  and  faithfully,  as  Ambassador  to  this  Court,  is  like 
to  have  the  honour  of  h'ing  unbury'd  amongst  the  Eng- 
lish Kings  for  ever;  his  corpse  being  arrested  by  his 
creditors,  and  kept  in  this  chappel  above  ground  till  his 
relations  redeem  it;  which  can  hardly  be  expected  from 
a  Spaniard ;  not  but  they  have  the  honour,  if  they  had 
the  capacity,  of  doing  so  just  an  action." 

Edward  F.  Rimbault. 

Old  Boodleite  (2"''  S.  viii.  353.)  — The  expres- 
sion "stupid,  d — d  stupid,  and  a  Boodle"  {i.e. 
a  member  of  Boodle's  Club),  which  may  be  the  one 
inquired  after,  occurs  in  Cecil,  a  novel  edited  by 
Mrs.  Gore.  S.  D.  S. 


4.44 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  s.  YIII.  Nov.  26.  '69. 


Eclympasteire  (2"''  S.v.  229.387.)— The  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  remember  the  interesting  papers 
which  have  appeared  in  its  pages  respecting  the 
meaning  and  etymon  of  this  strange  word  or  name. 
I  am  free  to  say  that  I  was  not  satisfied  with  the 
explanation  given,  and  I  have  since  had  my 
doubts  strengthened  by  a  passage  which  I  have 
found  in  M.  Sandras's  able  and  very  interesting 
Etudes  sur  Chaucer  consider^  comme  Imitateur  des 
Trouveres,  lately  published  at  Paris. 

M.  Sandras  observes  :  — 

"  Chaucer  et  Froissart  sont  les  seuls  auteurs  dans  les- 
quels  j'ai  trouv^  le  nom  d'  Enclimpostair  donn^  k  un  des 
fils  du  Sommeil :  on  chercherait  en  vain  ce  nom  dans  les 
glossaires." 

The  passage  of  Chaucer  occurs,  as  the  readers 
of  "  N.  &  Q."  know,  in  the  Book  of  the  Duchess, 
and  there  the  word  or  name  is  given  as  Eclym' 
pasteire.  The  passage  in  Froissart's  Poems  is 
this :  — 

"  Car  il  (i.  e.  le  Sommeil)  envoya  parmi  I'air, 
L'un  de  ses  fils  Enclimpostair." 

The  reader  will  see  that  there  is  a  slight  differ- 
ence between  the  name  as  given  by  the  French  and 
by  the  English  poet.  But  as  the  latter  is  on  this 
point  only  the  imitator  of  the  former,  we  must 
take  Froissai't's  variante  as  the  true  reading,  and 
this  reading  may  help  us  to  a  conjecture. 

In  "Enclim,"  we  have  "Enclin"  in  the  state  of 
common  mutation  of  n  into  m  when  it  is  followed 
by  p.  Now  din,  or  din  d'aeil,  is  well  known  to 
mean  that  ordinary  precursor  of  sleep  —  a  wink  of 
the  eye  :  we  may,  therefore,  without  much  hardi- 
hood of  assertion  say  that  in  the  words  en  din  we 
have  a  part  of  the  mysterious  name  which  our  old 
poet  has  so  undeservedly  and  puzzlingly  immor- 
talised. I  give  up  the  remaining  portion  of  the 
name,  -postair :  for  I  cannot  subscribe  to  the 
conjecture  of  M.  Sandras,  excellent  critic  as  he  is. 
His  interpretation  is  this  :  "  Selon  moi  voici  I'ety- 
mologie — Engle  (ange)  imposteur."  H.  C.  C. 

"  Eihon  Basilike"  (2"<>  S.  viii.  356.)  — My  copy 
of  the  Eihon  agrees  in  all  particulars  of  title-page 
with  that  mentioned  by  B.  H.  C,  except  that  it 
has  under  the  letter  a  crown,  with  "  C.  K."  and  a 
death's  head,  with  date  1648  ;  but  there  is  to  it  a 
second  title-page,  which  delivers  it  as  "printed 
by  Samuel  Brown,  Hague,  A.,"  as  follows  :  — 

"  Reliquise  Sacrse  Carolina).  The  Workes  of  that  Great 
Monarch  and  Glorious  Martyr  King  Charles  the  I",  both 
Civil  and  Sacred,  with  a  short  View  of  the  Life  and  Reign 
of  that  most  blessed  Prince  from  his  Birth  to  his  Burial. 
Tacit.  Hist,  lib.  i.  'Alii  diutius  Imperium  tenuerunt, 
nemo  tarn  fortiter  reliqnit.'  Hague:  Printed  by  Sam. 
Browne." 

This  title  is  bounded  and  divided  by  rubrical 
lines.  It  has  two  plates  by  Marshall :  one  the 
double  one  mentioned  in  "N.  &  Q.,"  another 
headed  "  Fidei  defensor,"  representing  the  king 
sitting  at  a  globe.  There  is  also  a  third  of  Charles 


II.  (no  name  of  engraver)  facing  sect,  xxvii.,  en- 
titled "  To  the  Prince  of  Wales."  This  volume 
also  contains  the  king's  speeches  —  discussions 
with  the  Scotch  ministers.  I  have  always  sup- 
posed this  the  first  edition.  A.  B.  R. 
Belmont. 

Pill  Garlick  (l"  S.  ii.  393. ;  iii.  42.  74.  150. ; 
2°^  S.  viii.  229.)  —  I  send  the  following  cutting 
from  a  bookseller's  catalogue ;  if  the  work  have 
merit,  and  if  it  throw  light  on  the  name,  perhaps 
some  one  who  has  it  will  kindly  furnish  a  note  on 
it:  — 

«  Pill  Garlick  (Life  of),  Eather  a  Whimsical  Sort  of 
Fellow,  humorous  frontispiece,  8vo.  Large  Paper,  4s. 
1813." 

EiRIONNACH. 

Rings ;  their  Uses  and  Mottoes  (2"'*  S.  viii.  329.) 
—  The  History  and  Poetry  of  Finger  Rings.  By 
Charles  Edwards.     1  vol.     London,  1855. 

Belater  Adime. 


SSliittUamaxxe* 
BOOKS    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PURCHASE. 

Miss  Berri's  Enoiand  and  France,  a  Comparative  View  of  the  Social 

Condition  of  both  Countries.    2  Vols.    1844. 
•  «•  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage /ree,  to  be 
sent  to  Messrs.  Bell  &   Daldt,  Fublishera  of  "  NOTES  AND 
QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  tliey  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 
Scott's  Life  op  Napoieon.    Vol.  IX.    Edition,  1887. 

Wanted  by  S.  V.  Hare,  Clifton  Parle,  near  Bristol. 


Montaione's  Essays  made  English,  by  Charles  Cotton,&c.  4th  Edition. 

3  Vols.   London.    1711. 
Hartley  (David)  Obsehvations  on  Man.    2  Vols.  8vo.    London.    1719. 
Cddworth's  Ethical  Works,  with  Notes  by  Allen.    London.    1838. 
The  Adventdres  op  Signor  Gacdentio  di  Lucca,  &c.    6vo.    London. 

1748. 
Huet  (P.    D.)  Qd^stiones   Alnetan^,   de   Concordia   Batioms   kt 

FiuEi.    Lips.    1719. 
Peooe,  Anonymiana.    2nd  Edition. 

Wanted  by  the  Rev.  M.  Pattison,  Lincoln  College,  Oxford. 


ijSottcriS  ta  €antS^antstntS. 

We  have  in  type  a  number  of  interesting  Papers,  among  others  Mr.  J. 
S.  Burn's  on  Protestant  Refugees  in  1663  and  1571;  several  Replies  re- 
speclinr/ Tyr.  John  Hewctt;  James  Anderson;  Henry  Smith's  Sermons; 
An  Incident  in  1715,  &c.  Mont/  of  these  would  have  appeandin  the  pre- 
sent Number,  together  unlh  our  usual  Notes  on  Books,  but  for  our  desire 
to  include  in  it,  being  the  last  number  of  the  month,  the  numerotis  Re- 
plies to  Minor  Queries  which  we  have  received. 

Books  Wanted.  An  application  just  received  from  a  respected  co^e' 
pqndent  ivho  wishes  vs  to  insert  undei- 'his  head  tvx)  works  bn  the  Kev, 
Isaac  Williams,  whiclt  are  still  on  sale  by  the  original  publishers,  j>aints 
met  the  propriety  of  recalling  our  Readers'  attention  to  the  original 
objects  for  which  this  Heading  was  introduced  into  "  N.  &  Q."  It  was  to 
enable  gentlemen  to  procure  old  books  or  books  out  of  print,  of  which  they 
were  in  want,  which  thej/^  could  not  obtain  through  the  ordinary  channels. 
Rodksellers pass  their  Lists  from,  one  to  another,  and  so  "btain  what  they 
require.    This  was  to  do  for  men  of  letters  the  sam£  useful  work. 

Hexameter  will  find  an  account  of  the  Hexameter  Machine  ai  p. 
57.  0/ Vol.  I.  o/ our  2nd  Series., 

R.  Smith  will  find  in  our  \st  Series  a  Note  b;/  the  late  Mr.  Pickering 
showing  how  common  are  the  copies  of  the  Breeches  Bible.  In  Kerslake  s 
recently  published  Catalogue  he  will  find  one  marked  as  low  as  12«. 

Answers  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

"  Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  /or 
&ix  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  lis.  4(/.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
fwoiir  of  Messrs.  Bell  and  Daldt, 186.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.;  to  whom 
a7{  CoMMDNicATioi's  FOR  TBS  EDITOR  should  bc  addreucd. 


2-"«S.  VIII.  Dec.3. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


445 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  3.  1859. 


j;o.  205.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:— An  Incident  in  "  the  1?15,"415  —Protestant  Refugees  in 
1663  and  1571 ,  by  John  S.  Burn,  447  _  Origin  of  the  Brownists,  449. 

M I  NOR  Notes  :  —  Truth  stranger  than  Fiction  —  Dr.  Dodd  —  An  Ame- 
rican Statesman's  Library—  Overflowings  of  the  Tiber—  Note  about 
the  Kecords,  temi>.  Edward  III.,  449. 

Minor  Qdbrics:  —  Borcman's  Gigantick  Histories  —  Manuscript  News 
Letters  —  The  Mayor  of  Market-Jew  —  Clergyman's  Crest  —  Fly-boat 

—  Lett  Family —  Captain  Fitzjames— Btau-si'ant :  Beaulieu  — Scorn- 
ing the  Church—  Francis  Pole  of  Park  Hall,  Derbyshire  —  William 
Thirkeld  —  Biographers,  and  their  Subjects— Frogs  in  Ireland— The 
Tobacco  Controversy  of  1858  —  Wiclif 's  Translation,  450. 

MfNOR  QuERiKs  WITH  ANSWERS:  —  Wcslcy's  Hymns — Passage  in 
Grotius  —  The  Berdash,  an  Article  of  Dress  —  Cotgrave's  French- 
English  Dictionary  —  The  Battiscombe  Family —  Plowden  in  English 

—  Painting  on  Copper  concealed  in  a  Book  Cover  —  Blackstone's 
"  Commentaries,"  453. 

REPLIES  :  —  Tlie  Four  Kings,  454  — Dr.  John  Hewett,  by  Rev.  W. 
Denton,  &c.,  455—  The  Bonk  of  Sports, by  Rev.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor^56— 
Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery,  by  Charles  Wylie,  ic,  457  — Tames 
Anderson,  lb. 

Replies  to  Mikor  Queries  :  -Wreck  of"  The  Dunbar  "  _"  The  Bill 
of  Michael  Angelo "— Cotton's  "Typographical  Gazetteer "  — The 
Princess  Borghese- "  An  Austrian  Army  Awfully  Arrayed"- Prince 
Charles' Journey  to  Wales  —  Arithmetical  Notation  — Figures  cut  on 
Hill  Sides  —  "  Deatli  of  the  Fox ' '  —  Writers  bribed  to  Silence  —  "  Cock 
an  Eye"  — Brass  at  West  Herling  — What  sort  of  Animal  was  the 
Bugle  —  Abdias  Assheton  —  Ilerbe  d'Or,  459. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


AN    INCIDENT   IN    "  THE    1715," 

I  send,  according  to  promise,  "  a  picture  in 
little "  cf  a  Highland  family  in  that  troublous 
year  —  of  a  nobleman's  family,  the  head  of  one  of 
the  most  powerful  of  the  clans.  The  story  is  all 
"  rounded"  within  a  little  month  —  indeed  within 
three  weeks  —  but  they  were,  I  doubt  not,  weeks 
that  lived  in  memory  like  months  or  years. 

The  Lady  Seaforth's  daughter  mentioned  in 
the  letters  was,  I  presume,  her  daughter-in-law. 
Her  only  daughter  had  married  in  1712  Mr.  John 
Caryll,  Pope's  friend,  and  she  and  her  husband 
were  in  Paris  the  whole  of  the  year  1715  up  to 
August,  when  they  returned  to  his  house  in  Sus- 
sex, where  Lady  Mary  was  confined  in  November. 
We  learn,  however,  from  the  Peerages,  that  the 
Earl,  Lady  Seaforth's  son,  "married  in  1715"  — 
they  give  no  more  precise  information  —  "  the 
only  daughter  of  Nicholas  Kennet  of  Cuxhow  in 
Northumberland." 

The  Lord  Lovat,  who  figures  on  this  occasion, 
was  the  celebrated  Lord  who  was  hanged,  and 
deservedly,  in  1745.  In  1715  his  interest  had 
enlisted  him  on  the  side  of  the  Elector  of  Han- 
over, and  he  was  both  active  and  serviceable. 
Wm.  Cadogan  was  the  distinguished  general  who 
served  under  Marlborough,  and  who  was,  in  the 
June  following,  created  a  Baron  and  subsequently 
an  Earl.  Wightman  had  been  commander  until 
the  arrival  of  Cadogan. 

The   letters   of  Lady  Seaforth   are  of  course 
copies  or  drafts  :   the  rest  are  from  the  originals. 
General  Cadogan  to  the  Countess  of  Seaforth. 

"  Inverness,  6th  April,  1716. 

"Madam, —  I  have  just  now  received  the  honor  of 
your  Ladyship'3  letter  of  the  5th  instant,  and  for  the 


other  you  mention,  it  did  not  come  to  ray  hands  till  1 
was  on  my  march  from  Perth  to  this  place,  which  hin- 
dered me  from  acknowledging  it  sooner.  I  send  enclosed 
a  passport  for  my  Lady  Seaforth  to  go  to  Edenl)urgh,  and 
1  have  writ  to  the  Secretary  of  State  to  desire  a  permis- 
sion for  her  Ladyship  to  continue  on  her  journey  to 
Durham,  and  I  doubt  not  but  it  will  be  granted.  I  am 
very  sorry  her  coach  and  horses  were  taken  away,  and 
mine  are  at  her  Ladyship's  service.  There  is  an  indis- 
pensable necessity  for  leaving  a  garrison  at  Brahan  till 
my  Lord  Seaforth  comes  in  and  his  people  give  up  their 
arms  as  their  neighbours  have  done :  and  indeed  it  ap- 
pears unaccountable  that  his  Lordship,  who  was  one  of 
the  first  that  offered  to  subrujt,  should  be  one  of  tho 
last  to  do  it.  If  your  Ladyship  desires  a  protection  for 
your  house  and  goods  I  am  ready  to  give  it,  and  have 
ordered  the  garrison  to  pay  exactly  for  everything  fur- 
nished them.  This  is  all  I  can  do  for  your  Ladyship's 
service,  and  I  have  the  honor  to  [be],  with  the  most  pro- 
found respect,  Madam,  your  Ladyship's  most  obedient 
and  most  humble  servant, 

"  Wm.  Cadogan. 
"  I  beg  your  Ladj'ship'a  pardon  for  making  use  of  an- 
other hand,  since  I  am  not  well  enough  recovere  1  of  my 
fall  to  write  with  my  own." 

Lord  Lovat  to  the  Countess  of  Seaforth. 

"  Madam,  —  Before  I  had  the  honor  of  your  Ladyship's 
letter  I  obtained  a  passport  for  my  Lady  your  daughter 
to  go  South,  and  the  General  is  to  write  to  Court  in  her 
favor.  He  was  very  angry  that  the  General  VVightman 
took  your  coach  and  horses,  but  they  are  lost  by  the  fault 
of  not  taking  my  advice.  The  general  told  [me?]  this 
moment  that  he  wrote  to  your  Latl3ship  that  he  was 
sorry  for  it,  but  that  his  coach  and  horses  were  at  your 
service.  In  my  opinion  you  should  come  immediately 
and  thank  him.  He  is  the  civilest  man  on  earth,  and  a 
great  man.  Your  Ladyship  will  always  find  me  with  the 
same  zeal  and  respect.  Madam,  your  Ladyship's  most  obe- 
dient and  most  humble  servant, 

"  Lovat. 

"  Inverness,  the  6th  of  April,  1716." 

Lord  Lovat  to  the  Countess  of  Seaforth. 
"  Madam,  —  I  spoke  just  now  to  General  Cadogan,  who 
told  me  plainly  he  could  not  nor  would  not  promise  any- 
thing for  my  Lord  your  son,  further  than  to  receive  him 
on  mercy  and  send  hiin  prisoner  South,  and  if  the  bill  of 
attainder  be  passed,  as  they  say  it  is,  it  is  not  in  the 
King's  power  to  save  him.    This  is  all  I  can  saj'  on  that 
melancholy  head.    The  General  being  informed  that  my 
Lord   Seafort's  people  have  not  as  yet  taken  in  their 
arms,  was  going  to  order  a  thousand  men  to-morrow  to 
put  all  the  country  in  flames,  but  I  begged  of  his  Ex. 
to  give  soine  days  to  acquaint  the  people,  and  that  I  was 
sure  they  would  come  in,  so  his  Ex.  was  so  good  as  to 
delay  the  march  of  the  troops  till   Saturday  next.     A 
thousand    men  will    march  that    day  to  Brahan    and 
Coul  [  ?  1,  and  if  the   arms  of  all  my  Lord  Seafort's 
country  do  not  come  in  to  Brahan  and  Coul  [  ?  ]  before 
Saturday  night,  they  may  expect  the  next  da}'  tiiat  the 
troops  will  begin  to  destroy  all  and  march  through  all 
my  Lord  Seafort's  country  to  the  Isle  of  Sky,  and  ships 
will  be  sent  to  Lewis  to  destroy  it.     So  your  Ladyship 
I  should  send  off  expresses  immediately  to  all  the  High- 
1  lands,  that  the  people  may  come  and  give  up  their  arms 
1  to  save  themselves  from  being  burnt.     I  t's  a  very  great 
i  favor  that  the  troops  do  not  march  to-morrow,  .so  your 
j  Lad\'ship  should  profit  of  it  to  save  the  people  and  the 
I  estate,  which  your  Lad3'ship  says  is  j'our  own.     I  shall 
I  always  be  proud   of  an   occasion  in  which  I  can  have 
I  power  myself  to  let  your  Ladyship  know  how  much  I  am 


446 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


[2"<i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  3.  '69. 


with  true  friendship  and  a  great  respect,  Madam,  your 
Ladyship's  most  obedieat  and  most  humble  servant, 

"  LOVAT. 

"  Inverness,  the  8  of  April,  1716. 

"I  send  this  express  at  Kincraig,  and  the  E.  of  Cro- 
marty, who  was  present  when  I  spoke  to  the  General,  is 
to  go  to  Btahan  to  advise  j-our  Ladyship.  The  General 
likewise  bids  me  give  his  service  to  your  Ladyship,  and 
tell  you  that  if  the  my  Lady  your  daughter  designs  to  go 
South  it  must  be  very  soon.  The  General  desired  me  to 
have  your  Ladyship's  answer  to  all  this  once  this  night. 

"I  give  my  humble  duty  to  my  Lady  Seafort,  and  my 
service  to  good  JMr.  Douglas  that  is  so  kind  to  your 
Ladyship.  If  I  can  I  will  wait  of  your  Lshp.  before  I  go 
for  London,  which  will  be  this  week." 

Lady  Seaforth  to  Lord  Lovat. 

"  9th  April,  1716. 

"  My  Lord,— I'm  infinitely  obliged  to  your  Lordship  for 
the  concern  you're  pleased  to  have  in  saving  my  people 
and  lands.  I  have  now  ordered  expresses  to  all  the 
parishes,  that  the  people  may  with  all  speed  deliver  their 
arms,  and  those  in  the  neighbourhood  are  given  up  al- 
ready. 

"  if  I  had  a  convenience  my  daughter  would  surel}'  go 
off  this  week.  I  entreat  therefore  your  Lordship  to  speak 
again  to  General  Cadogan,  whose  civility  I  shall  never  be 
able  sufficiently  to  acknowledge.  I  am,  with  a  true  sense 
of  your  friendship,  my  Lord,  j'our  Lordship's  most  obliged 
hunil)le  servant. 

"  The  Eurl  of  Cromarty  was  at  Coul  at  night,  but  is 
expected  here  this  forenoon,  and  then  j'our  Lordship  shall 
be  farther  informed,  if  needful." 

Lord  Lovat  to  the  Countess  of  Seaforth, 

"  Madame, — I  had  the  honor  of  j-our  letter  this  daj',  and 
I  immediately  spoke  to  the  General,  who  was  mighty 
civil.  He  desired  me  to  give  his  service  to  your  Lship. 
and  to  my  Lady  j'our  daughter,  and  to  tell  you  that  5'ou 
might  take  your  own  time  in  sending  her  slwav  the  next 
week  or  when  you  pleased,  'i'he  army  is  to  march,  but 
to  do  no  harm  if  the  people  bring  in  their  arms.  Glen- 
garry came  in  last  night.  None  of  the  rest  have  yet 
given  up  their  persons;  but  their  men  have  all  given 
their  arms  to  save  their  country.  I  intend  to  go  for  Lon- 
don this  week.  1  will  endeavour  to  go  and  pay  m_v  re- 
spects to  your  Lshp ,  and  wherein  I  can  be  of  use  you 
will  always  find  me  with  great  zeal  and  respect.  Madam, 
your  Lslip.'s  most  obedient  cousin  and  most  humble 
servant, 

"  Lovat. 

"Inverness,  the  10  of  April,  1716. 

"The  General  promised  to  speak  to  Mr.  Wightman  for 
the  Coacli  and  Horses." 

General  Wightman  to  the  Countess  of  Seaforth. 

"  Inverness,  April  the  10th,  1716. 

"Madam, — I  have  sent  two  or  three  messages  to  acquaint 
your  Ladyship  that  it  would  be  very  convenient  for  the 
young  lad^'  to  be  in  this  town  to-day,  for  that  I  had 
found  out  an  expedient  to  conduct  her  Ladyship  in  a 
chariot  with  six  horses  to  Edinburgh.  I  shall  leave  this 
place  to-morrow  in  order  for  Fort  \Vm.  with  Gen.  Ca- 
dogan, and  if  I  am  absent,  fear  things  wont  be  so  well 
managed  for  the  j'oung  lady'.s  advantage,  and  perhaps 
mfss  the  opportunity  of  the  chariot.  I  am.  Madam,  your 
Ladyship's  most  obedient  humble  servant, 

"  J.  Wightman. 

"Pray  let  me  have  j'Our  Ladj'ship's  answer  by  ex- 
press." 

General  Cadogan  to  the  Countess  of  Seaforth. 

"  Inverness,  the  10th  April,  1716. 

"Madam,  —  I  received  the  honor  of  your  Ladyship's 


letter  of  the  9th  inst,  and  am  very  sorry  it  was  not  in 
my  power  to  get  your  Ladyship's  coach  and  horses  re- 
stored. As  for  the  two  gentlemen  that  I  left  out  of  the 
passport,  there  are  so  many  informations  given  against 
them  by  all  the  well-affected  persons  in  the  country,  that 
so  far  from  granting  them  a  pass,  were  it  not  in  consider- 
ation and  regard  to  your  Ladyship,  I  should  immediately 
order  them  to  be  made  prisoners.  But  if  j'our  Ladyship 
pleases  to  name  any  two  gentlemen  who  have  not  been  in 
arms,  I  shall  be  ready  to  consent  to  their  waiting  on  my 
Lady  Seafort  on  her'  journej'  to  Edinburgh.  I  hope  all 
your  Ladj'ship's  tenants  will  be  so  much  friends  to  them- 
selves as' to  forthwith  bring  in  their  arms,  and  thereby 
prevent  their  being  forced  to  it  by  military  execution.  I 
beg  your  Ladyship  to  believe  I  shall  always  be  very  glad 
to  shew  the  profound  respect  with  which  I  have  the  honor 
to  be,  Madam, 

»        "  Your  Ladyship's  most  obedient  and 

"  most  humble  servant, 

"  Wm.  Cadogan. 
"  I  send  here  enclosed  to  your  Ladyship  a  Protect,  for 
your  house  and  Estate  of  Brahan. 

"  William  Cadogan,  Esq.,  Lieut.-General  and  Coni- 

mander-in  Chief  of  His  Majesty's  Forces  in 

North  Britain. 

"All  Officers  and  soldiers  of  His  MajestA-'s  Army  in 

North-Britain  are  hereby  required  not  to  commit  any 

disorder,  nor  to  take  any  goods,  cattle  or  corn  in  the 

house,  or  on. the  estate  of  Brahan,  or  any  other  belonging 

to  the  Right  Honorable  the  Countess  Dowager  of  Seafort. 

"  Given  at  Inverness,  10th  )         «  Wm.  Cadogan."    . 

April,  1/16.  J 

Lady  Seaforth  to  General  Cadogan. 

"Sir, — That  I  should  still  be  troubling  a  gentleman  of 
80  much  honor  and  known  civility  is  to  myself  very  mor- 
tifying: but  the  dayly  distress  I  met  with,  notwithstand- 
ing of  the  protection  j-our  Excellency'  was  pleased  to  send 
me,  makes  me  the  most  uneasy  person  in  the  world. 

"Yesterday  Colonel  Brooks  came  hither,  with  I  think 
400  men  beside  the  garrison,  and  Colonel  Muro's  [Mun- 
ro's?]  independant  company,  who  I  hear  are  to  quarter  at 
Brahan  till  all  the  Highlanders  give  up  their  arms.  It's 
surely  hard  that  I,  who  have  been  so  long  a  widow, 
should  without  anj'  offence  given  to  King  or  Government 
be  the  only  woman  in  Britain  so  much  harassed  The 
arms  might  have  been  delivered  up  as  well  at  Inverness 
as  here;  for  my  diligence  in  sending  to  my  tenHUts  re- 
iterated positive  orders  has  appeared  to  the  officers  of 
this  house  by  the  delivering  up  of  all  the  arms  of  those 
who  are  within  a  dozen  of  miles  to  this,  and  by  letters 
promising  the  rest  at  a  further  distance  to  be  delivered 
with  all  speed  possible. 

"I  got  not  last  year  £50  of  £IC 00  which  is  myjoyn- 
ture;  and  the  tenants  and  country  are  now  so  impo- 
verished that  I  can  expect  nothing  from  them.  Nay,  I 
can  scarce  get  bread  to  my  family  and  the  few  officers 
that  are  with  me. 

"  This  being  my  condition,  I  must  beg  of  your  Excel- 
lency with  all  earnestness  speedily  to  compassionate  the 
same,  which  will  be  a  true  act  of  generosity  and  the 
greatest  favor  you  can  honor  one  with  who  is,  with  the 
highest  esteem  of  your  goodness  and  with  the  utmost 
respect.  Sir,  your  Excellency's  ever  obliged  but  most 
afflicted  servant, 

"Brahan,  the  14  of  |  "F.  Seafort." 

April,  1716.       J 

General  Cadogan  to  Countess  of  Seaforth. 

"Inverness,  20th  April,  1716. 

"Madam,  —  I  received  last  night  the  honor  of  your 
Ladyship's  letter  of  the  19th  inst.,  and  am  very  sorry  to 


2»<«  S.  YIII.  Dec.  8.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


447 


find  by  the  accounts  sent  me  by  Coll.  Brooke  that  not 
the  tenth  part  of  the  arms  of  my  Lord  Seafort's  people 
are  yet  brought  in.  The  great  desire  I  have  to  do  your 
Ladyship  all  the  service  I  can  obliges  me  to  acquaint  you 
that  this  trifling  and  amusing  the  Government  will  be 
more  resented  at  London  than  open  resistance,  and  will 
not  leave  it  in  my  power  to  serve  your  country  any 
longer.  I  shall  however,  in  your  Ladyship's  consider- 
ation, order  the  detachment  to  halt  till  Tuesday  next, 
but  if  by  that  time  all  the  arms  are  not  delivered  up,  I 
shall  be  under  necessity  of  ordering  the  troops  to  proceed 
with  the  utmost  severity  against  A'our  son's  people,  and 
employ  fire  and  sword  to  reduce  them,  of  which  I  would 
have  your  Ladyship  to  give  them  forthwith  notice  in 
the  most  public  manner.  If  they-  continue  obstinate  after 
this  warning,  it  will  be  their  own  fault,  and  not  mine,  if 
they  are  destroj'ed.  I  thought  it  further  necessarj'  to 
acquaint  your  Ladyship  that  Col.  Clayton  is  with  a  de- 
tachment of  a  thousand  men  towards  Island  Donald,  on 
the  extremit}'  of  my  Lord  Seafort's  country,  so  that  his 
people  are  now  surrounded  on  all  sides.  I  have  the  honor 
to  be,  with  the  greatest  respect  and  veneration,  Madam, 
your  Ladyship's  most  obedient  and  most  obliged  humble 
servant, 

"  Wm.  Cadogan. 
General  Cadogan  to  Countess  of  Seaforth. 

"Inverness,  23rd  April,  1716. 
"Madam.  —  I  received  last  night  the  honor  of  3'our 
Ladyship's  letter  of  the  22nd  inst.,  and  being  convinced 
that  you  have  used  j'our  utmost  endeavours  to  persuade 
my  Lord  Seafort's  people  to  bring  in  their  arms,  I  shall 
order  the  detachment  to  remove  from  j'our  jointure  lands 
and  the  Garrison  from  j'Our  house.  I  shall  also  give  the 
strictest  orders  to  the  officers  who  go  with  parties  into 
the  country  not  to  disturb  nor  molest  in  any  manner 
■whatsoever  the  people  that  have  already  delivered  up 
their  arms,  who  shall  be  protected,  as  likewise  their  ef- 
fects, with  all  imaginable  care.  I  intend  to  leave  this 
place  to-morrow  in  the  afternoon,  and  I  have  the  honor 
to  be,  with  the  greatest  respect  and  consideration,  Ma- 
dam, your  Ladyship's  most  obedient  and  most  obliged 
humble  servant, 

"  Wm.  Cadogan." 
General  Cadogan  to  Countess  of  Seaforth. 

"  Inverness,  24th  April,  1716. 
" Madam,  —  T  received  the  honor  of  j'our  Ladjship's 
letter  of  the  23rd  inst.,  and  I  hope  you  now  believe  your 
house  or  estate  run  no  hazard  of  suffering  in  any  manner, 
since  I  have  ordered  both  detachment  and  garrison  to 
return  on  Friday  next.   I  have  given  such  positive  direc- 


tions to  Mr.  Macnale,  who  eoes  with  the  detachment  to 
Island  Donald,  not  to  meddle,  directly  orindirectlj',  with 
any  of  your  Ladyship's  Tenants  or  of  my  Lord  Seafort's 
who  have  submitted,  that  I  am  sure  they  have  nothing 
to  fear,  and  in  case  Macnale  should  fail  obeying  these 
directions  according  to  the  letter  of  them,  I  shall  not  only 
order  immediate  restitution  to  be  made  of  what  may  be 
taken  awaj',  but  send  him  likewise  to  prison,  and  break 
him  by  a  Council  of  War,  it  being  his  Majesty's  intention 
that  those  who  submit  to  his  mercy  should  be  preserved 
as  carefully  as  those  who  have  refused  it  should  be  prose- 
cuted with  severity  and  rigour.  I  am  thoroughly  per- 
suaded that  very  near  all  my  Lord  Seafort's  people  are 
come  in,  and  that  it  is  principally  owing  to  the  good 
advice  your  Lad5-ship  gave  them.  I  send  you  here  en- 
closed a  passport  for  your  Ladyship  and  the  persons  you 
desire  should  attend  you  into  England,  and  as  for  any 
others  you  may  be  obliged  on  the  road  to  employ  in  pro- 
curing coaches,  horses,  and  other  conveniences  for  travel- 
ling and  carrj'ing  your  equipage  there  is  no  need  of  any 
passport.  Your  Ladj-ship  knows  I  can  give  a  passport 
no  further  than  Edinburgh,  but  I  shall  write  by  this  post 
to  the  Secretary  of  State  for  the  permission  you  desire  to 
go  to  London,  and  I  do  not  doubt  but  it  will  be  sent  me 
before  j'our  Ladyship  can  get  to  Edinburgh.  If  there  be 
anj'thing  further  for  your  Ladyship's  service,  1  shall  al- 
ways be  very  glad  to  receive  your  commands.  I  have 
the  honor  to  be,  with  the  greatest  respect  and  consider- 
ation. Madam,  your  Ladyship's  most  obedient  and  most 
obliged  humble  servant, 

"  Wm.  Cadogan." 

I  shall  reserve  one  other  letter  from  Lord 
Lovat,  because  it  is  of  a  later  date,  and  will  re* 
quire  some  little  historical  illustration.     T.  R.  O 


PROTESTANT   EEFUGEES   IN    1563    AND    1571. 

The  access  to  the  State  Papers,  lately  granted 
to  the  public,  has  enabled  me  to  lay  before  your 
readers  some  curious  returns  made  of  the  Stran- 
gers in  London  and  the  suburbs  in  the  early  part 
of  Elizabeth's  reign.  These,  and  similar  returns 
by  several  provincial  towns,  are  interesting  with 
reference  to  the  trades  introduced,  and  the  origin 
of  several  of  our  well-known  names. 

John  S.  Bubit. 

Henley. 


1563. 

Vol.  27.  No.  19.  contains  the  Certificate  of  the  numbers  of  the  Strangers  in  London  and  the  Suburbs, 

20  January,  1663, 


The  totall  number    -  -  .    iiijm  v«  xxxiiij 

Whereof 

The  number  that  do  profuse  relligion  which  have  cornel 
in  the  thre  fyrst  yeres  of  the  quenes  Ma"«  ar  -  -  j 

And  those  that  ar  come  vi^^'m  thes  last  xij  moneths  ar  -  > 

The  nombre  of  others  not  come  for  cause  of  relligion 
And  the  nombre  of  svche  as  came  to  this  realme  before > 
the  quenes  ma*"  reign  -  -  -  ..j 

S™  totall  as  above      -  .  .    iiijm  yo  xxxiiij 


Men 

Women  and  ) 
children   -  J 

Men 

Women  and  ) 
children    -  j 


Ivij 


i} 


j  Ixxix^ 
j    Ixxijj 


iij   l3Utj 

vij  xij 

ijj     xlj 

ix  Ixij 

y 

viij    Ix 

448 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«S.  VIII.  Dec.  3.'d9. 


The  following  are  Extracts  from  a  Volume  (_No.  82.)  in  the 
State  Paper  Office,  composed  entirely  of  Returns  of  the 
Strangers  in  London  in  1571. 

"  To  the  lyght  honorable  the  Lordes  of  the  Quenes 
Maieatyes  most  honorable  pryvie  councell. 
"  Pleasythe  your  honours  according  to  the  teno"^  of  your 
honorable  letters  to  us  the  maior  and  aldermen  of  London 
latelye  directed  for  the  Inquisition  and  Searche  of  all 
Straungers  within  this  Citie  and  the  liberties  of  the  same, 
We  on  the  tenth  off  this  November  p'formed  the  same 
accordinglye,  as  by  thys  booke  heare  after  at  large  appeare 
nnto  your  honours,  viz. 

"  Sainct  Brydes  parish. 
"  Douche  persons  ij  —  Edward  Ernest  borne  in  CoUen 
and  Garlonde  hys  wife  borne  within  thre  myles  of  Collen, 
he  a  Denison,  "by  occupation  a  Taylor  came  into  this 
realme  to  worke  on  hys  occupac'on  about  xxij'i®  yeeres 
paste. 

"  Peter  Dellamare  and  Garden  his  wife,  born  in  Nor- 
mandy Clockmaker. 

"Romayne  Ma3'amore,  printer,  servant  to  M'  Daye 
printer  and  Frances  his  WifFe  borne  in  Roan  in  Nor- 
mandie,  he  came  into  this  Realme  about  x  j'eares  past 
and  she  about  vij  yeares  past,  for  religion. 
"  Hance  Evance,  Pictorer,  borne  in  Antwerpe. 
"  Olyffe  Frerigg  of  Kerservvart,  servaunt  to  the  saj'de 
Xpofer,  came  into  this  realme  aboute  a  moneth  past,  his 
cumynge  was  because  would  be  a  priest. 

"  Garrett  Johnson  came  hether  because  his  father  was 
servaunte  to  Kinge  Henrye  the  viij***  and  have  remayned 
here  xxviij  yeares. 

"  St.  Benett  Gracechurch  St. 
"  Peter  Bultayle     1 
Pole  Bultaj'le       >  French  Church. 
Martin  Buftayle  J 
"Nicholas  Tycen,  Marchant  born  in  Amsardam,  Marye 
his  Wife,  Marye  his  Sister  and  Janiken  Johnson  his  maid 
servant. 

"Germanic  —  Leuis  de  la  Meye,  nobleman,  borne  in 
Low  Germanye,  came  into  this  realme  for  religion  about 
V  monethes  past. 

,  *'  St.  Peter  le  Poor. 

"  John  Baptist,  the  Italian  preacher. 
"  Anthonio  Justilian,  Gent,  born  at  Junua  Italie  and 
Mary  his  VVife,  came  for  religion  10  years  past  —  Italian 
Church. 

"  Quiobyn  Litterj'  glasse  maker  borne  in  venys  Lucye 
his  Wyff  "borne  in  Andwerp  and  Lawer  there  Daughter 
cam  hither  a  yeare  ago  —  he  usyth  the  Italian  Churche 
but  he  never  receyued  the  Communion  synce  he  cum. 
he  sojourneth  w"Un  the  house  of  one  Thomas  Cape  a 
painter — there  is  also  in  the  said  howse  one  Joseph  a 
Venetian  and  a  glasse  maker  also  who  hath  byn  here 
aboute  iiij  moneths. 

"Joronomye  Destroralib,  surgeon,  howsholder  came 
into  this  realme  about  xx  yeares  past  beynge  a  Venycon 
borne,  and  a  Denizen  as  he  saithe.    Hospitall. 

"  Docto'^  Lopus,  portingale,  howsholder,  Denizen  came 
into  this  realme  about  xij  yeares  past,  to  get  his  lyvinge 
by  physicke,  and  Lewes  Lopus  his  brother.  &c.  • 

"Adrian  Redlegge,  Denizen,  mynister  and  Cycele  his 
wife,  borne  in  Holland  came  into  this  realme  about  xx 
yeares  past  for  the  worde  of  god — Hospitall. 

"John  Bayle,  Cutter  of  Stones  for  Jeweles,  Aurillian 
his  wife  and  Anthonj-e  his  Doughter  borne  in  Venice, 
came  about  iiij  moneths  past — Italian  Church. 
"  Saint  Fosters  Parish. 
"Cornellis  Deacken,  goldsmyth,  borne  in  Holland  — 
Italian  Church. 

(Nine  other  persons  goldsmyths.) 


"  Blackfriars. 

"  John  Costen,  Minister  of  the  French  Church  Burgo- 
mena  his  wife,  came  9  years  past  for  religion. 

"  Francis  Luratello,  Italian,  Householder  came  into  this 
realme  about  6  yeares  past  with  an  Englyshe  Gentilman 
and  selleth  and  p'fumeth  gloves. 

"  Matthew  de  Quester,  Notary  Public  (Italian  Church) 
Cornelia  his  Wife,  Matthew,  John  and  Cornells  his  Chil- 
dren. 

"  Thomas  Strange,  Italian. 

"  Gasperyn  Galfine,  Italian  —  Qu^enes  Mat'e  man. 

"  Innocent  Loutello  —  Venetian. 

"Augustin  Bastien  and  Joseph  Lupo,  Venetians  and 
musicians. 

"  Godfrey  Wyngys,  of  Luke,  minister  and  Katheryne 
his  Wife  —  Dutch  Church." 

In  Vol.  84.:  — 

"Francisco,  Italian  musicion  to  the  Quenes  Majestie 
hath  bene  in  England  xx"  yeares. 

"  Ambrose  Lupe,  Do.        Do.        xij.  yeares. 

"  Laurence  Doudeny,  a  post  of  Bullonie  xxv  yeres  Ita- 
lian, 2  Children  and  S'vant. 

"  John  Phillipp,  the  post  betwene  this  Cytie  and  Sand- 
wishe  (French  Church). 

"Francis  Martin  and  Gurtrid  his  Wyfe  borne  in  Brus- 
sells,  kepeth  a  table  for  Straungers. 

"James  Rouncon,  Italian,  Cooke  to  the  Italians. 

"  John  Baptist  Pretmero,  Italian,  he  is  a  poticary  and 
stilleth  waters  (Italian  Church). 

"  Marks  Garrett,  a  picture  maker. 

"  Balthezar  Saus  of  the  age  of  Ij'^  yeres  borne  in  Spaine 
and  came  into  England  to  seke  adventures  and  bathe 
bynne  in  England  this  xxiiij  yeres  and  hath  marled  an 
English  Woman  and  lyveth  by  making  of  Comfittes,  he 
is  a  household^ 

"  James  Stonard  of  the  age  of  xU'e  yeres  and  borne  in 
Saxson  in  Flaunders  and  fledd  from  thence  fo''  killinge  of 
a  man,  &c.  &c.  (and  his  wife). 

"John  Davelieu  a  maker  of  arras  worke  in  the  quenes 
ma*'«»  wardroppe  and  was  borne  at  Brussell  under  Kinge 
Phillip  who  haith  bene  here  about  viij  yeres,  he  is  deacon 
of  the  duch  Churche,  he  came  hether  for  goddes  word  and 
haith  dwelt  in  the  p'ish  one  yere." 

The  following  are  some  of  the  trades  of  the 
Strangers. 

"Live  by  making  matches  of  liempe  stalkes  and  parch- 
ment-lace. 

"  By  making  shirtes  of  male. 

"  Drawer  of  Renyshe  Wine. 

"A  maker  of  Locketts  and  Chapes. 

"  A  Cutter  of  Stones  for  Jewells. 

"  A  thicker  of  Cuppes.     (Query,  Caps?) 

"  Morispike  maker. 

"  James  Vanholt,  painter." 

At  the  same  time  another  Survey  of  the  Stran- 
gers was  made,  20th  Dec.  I57I,  and  comprised 
London  and  16  Hamletts,  viz. :  — 


St.  Katherines. 

Shoreditch. 

Finsbury. 

Golden  Lane. 

Whitecross  Street. 

Grub  Street. 

St.  Giles  in  the  Fields. 

The  Minories. 


Poplar. 
Ratcliff. 
Blackwall. 
Lymehouse. 
Shabiwell. 
Whitechapel. 
East  Smithfield. 
The  Tower. 


In  St.  Katherines  there  were  900  young  and 
old.     In  the  Minories  30  in  one  house. 


2'"iS.VIII.  Dec.3.'59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


449 


In  the  Hamlets,    Dutch  Church 
French 
English 
Italian 
lifo  Church    - 

-  224 

-  413 

-  1209 

6 

-  820 

1972 

Total  of  no  Church      - 

English          .            .            - 
Dutch,  French,  and  Italian   - 
Not  for  Religion 

-  2663 

-  889 

-  1763 

-  1828 

Total  of  all  Strangers  in  London 

-    7143 

Denizens         -            .         .  - 
Householders  -            -            -             - 
Seeking  work  -            -            -            - 

-  659 

-  1165 

-  2561 

OBIGIM   or   TUB   BBOWmSTS. 

A  curious  pamphlet,  entitled  A  Three-Fold 
Discourse  hetweene  Three  Neighbours,  Algate, 
Bishopsgate,  and  John  Heydeu,  the  late  Cobler  of 
Houusditch,  a  professed  Broivnist,  Lond.,  4to., 
1642,  contains  the  following  particulars  of  Robert 
Brown,  the  celebrated  founder  of  the  Indepen- 
dents or  Congregationalists :  — 

"  Algate.  John,  I  pray  thee  tell  me  how  earnest  thou  to 
bee  a  Brownist  at  the  first. 

"  Bishopsgate.  I  have  heard  that  the  first  beginner  of 
your  sect  was  a  miserable  Doctor  in  the  University,  who 
sold  his  commons,  and  seised  away  his  part  of  white 
bread,  and  lived  all  the  week  upon  a  sixpenny  brown 
loaf — which  occasion  gave  you  all  j^our  names. 

"  Cobler.  No,  our  first  father  was  Mr.  Brown,  parson  of 
Achurch  in  Northamptonshire,  where  he  died  after  his 
many  persecutions  among  the  wicked. 

"  Algate.  So  he  that  would  have  no  church  was  after- 
wards parson  of  a  church  [Achurch]. 

"  Bishopsgate.  But  I  assure  j-ou,  John,  he  recanted  his 
opinions,  and  died  an  orthodox  protestant  and  an  honest 
man.  It  is  true  he  was  persecuted  in  all  places;  he  fled 
into  Scotland,  and  had  been  hanged,  had  he  not  been 
near  akin  unto  the  Lord  Treasurer  Cecil  (for  he  was  a 
gentleman  born,  and  of  an  ancient  family  of  the  Browns 
of  Tolthorpe).  Besides,  he  was  endued  with  many  good 
and  gentile  qualities;  among  the  rest  he  was  a  singular 
good  lutenist,  and  he  made  his  son  Timothy  usually  on 
Sundays  bring  his  viol  to  church,  and  play  the  base  to 
the  psalms  that  were  sung:  so  Air  was  he  (like  you  and 
your  fellows)  from  being  an  enemy  to  church  music. 

"  Cobler.  I  would  have  given  all  the  shoes  in  my  shop, 
had  I  known  so  much  before." 

It  appears  from  Hey  1  in  and  Fuller,  that  while 
Brown  was  industriously  labouring  to  establish 
bis  sect  at  Northampton,  Dr.  Linsell,  Bishop  of 
Peterborough,  sent  him  a  citation,  which  Brown 
not  obeying,  be  was  excommunicated  for  his  con- 
tempt. This  censure  affected  him  so  deeply,  that 
he  soon  after  made  his  submission,  and  receiving 
absolution  was  re-admitted  into  the  communion 
of  the  Church  about  the  year  1590,  and  was  soon 
after  preferred  to  the  rectory  of  Achurch,  near 
Thrapstone,  in  Northamptonshire.  Brown  was  a 
man  of  good  parts  and  some  learning,  but  of  a 
nature  imperious  and  uncontrollable.     In  a  word, 


says  Fuller,  he  bad  a  wife  with  whom  he  never 
lived,  and  a  church  in  which  he  never  preached, 
though  he  received  the  profits  thereof :  and,  as  all 
the  other  scenes  of  his  life  were  stormy  and  tur- 
bulent, so  was  his  end ;  for  the  constable  of  his 
parish,  who  was  his  god-son,  requiring  somewhat 
roughly  the  payment  of  certain  rates,  his  passion 
moved  him  to  blows,  of  which  the  constable  com- 
plained to  Justice  St.  John,  who  was  inclined 
rather  to  pity  than  to  punish  him ;  but  Brown 
behaved  with  so  much  insolence,  that  he  was  sent 
to  Northampton  gaol,  on  a  feather-bed  in  a  cart, 
being  very  infirm,  and  aged  above  eighty  years, 
where  he  soon  after  sicliened  and  died,  anno  1630, 
after  boasting  that  he  had  been  committed  to 
thirty-two  prisons,  in  some  of  which  he  could  not 
see  his  hand  at  noonday.  J.  Y. 


Truth  stravger  than  Fiction. — In  "N.  &  Q."  of 
12th  Nov.  there  appeared  a  cutting  from  an  old 
Magazine,  which  was  obviously  a  political  squib 
upon  the  change  of  tone  in  the  Paris  papers  be- 
tween the  9th  March,  1815,  when  Napoleon's  es- 
cape from  Elba  was  first  announced  by  them,  and 
his  arrival  in  Paris  on  the  21st.  In  this  squib  he 
is  styled  on  the  9th  The  Anthropophagus,  on  the 
10th  The  Corsican  Ogre ;  and  in  the  same  style 
until  the  21st,  when  The  Emperor  is  said  to  have 
arrived  at  the  Tuileries.  Prompted  by  your 
publication  of  that  political  jcu  (Tesprit,  and  ji 
little  also  by  the  sudden  change  which  has  just 
taken  place  in  the  tone  of  the  French  papers  with 
respect  to  this  country,  I  have  amused  myself  by 
seeing  how  Napoleon's  escape  was  really  recorded 
by  one  of  the  oldest  and  most  respectable  of 
them,  the  Journal  des  Debats.  In  this  paper,  of 
the  9th  M.irch,  Napoleon  is  spoken  of  as  'Uhc 
Pollron  o/  1814."  On  the  15th  he  is  told,  "  Scourge 
of  Generations  thou  shalt  reign  no  more .'"  On  the 
16th  he  is  "a  Robespierre  on  horseback ;"  on  the 
19th,  "  the  Adventurer  from  the  Island  of  Corsica ;" 
but  on  the  21st,  we  are  gravely  told  that  "  The 
Emperor  has  pursued  his  triumphal  course.  The 
Emperor  having  found  no  other  enemies  than  the 
miserable  libels  which  were  vaiidy  scattered  on  his 
path  to  impede  his  progress.""  Verily,  Truth  is 
stranger  than  Fiction.  T.  S.  F. 

Dr.  Dodd.  —  In  a  recent  number  of  the  British 
Quarterly  Review,  the  writer  of  a  critique  on  Dr. 
Doran's  "  New  Panels,"  &o.,  suggests  as  a  deside- 
ratum a  good  Life  of  Dr.  Dodd,  and  indicates  the 
sources  from  which  the  materials  may  be  supplied. 
Certainly,  after  the  rough  handling  «ff  Dr.  Dodd 
in  the  volume  of  Dr.  Doran,  it  would  be  well  to 
ascertain  how  far  a  writer  of  a  work  half  fiction 
and  half  biography  is  justified  in  thus  dealing 
with  the, character  of  an  unfortunate  man.     If  the 


450 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  Dec.  3.  '69. 


following  anecdote  has  not  appeared  in  print,  I 
beg  to  say  that  I  had  it  from  the  lips  of  my  father, 
a  contemporary  of  Dr.  Dodd,  and  that  it  was 
communicate<l  to  my  father  by  Lord  Chesterfield's 
solicitor,  Mr.  Manly  of  the  Temple.  In  an  inter- 
view between  that  gentleman  and  the  Doctor, 
after  the  discovery  of  the  forgery,  Mr.  Manly  left 
the  room  with  the  forged  bond  on  the  table,  and  a 
bright  fire  in  the  grate.  He  staid  long  enough 
for  the  obvious  purpose  of  his  retirement.  On  his 
return  he  found  matters  as  he  had  left  them. 

The  reader  will  draw  his  own  inference.  If 
Dr.  Dodd  was  the  character,  represented,  the  evi- 
dence of  his  guilt  would  have  been  destroyed  ;  or 
it  may  be  that,  stupefied  by  detected  fraud,  his 
presence  of  mind  had  failed  him  ;  or  why  may  we 
not  charitably  suppose  that  he  refused  to  avail 
himself  of  the  opportunity  on  such  conscientious 
scruples  as  remained  to  him  ? 

I  think  in  one  of  Foote's  farces  the  Doctor's 
wife  is  introduced  as  offering  for  some  purpose  a 
bank  note,  as  a  hymn  of  the  "Doctor's  own  com- 
posing." Hard  measure  of  justice  this  —  a  rope 
for  his  body,  and  gibbets  for  his  memory  !      Nix. 

An  American  Statesman's  Library.  —  The  Hon. 
Rufus  Clioate  of  Boston,  Massachusetts,  died  a 
few  months  ago :  he  was  a  very  celebrated  lawyer 
and  leading  statesman,  and  long  held  a  foremost 
place  in- the  Senate  of  the  United  States.  We  find 
the  following  notice  of  the  sale  of  Mr.  Choate's 
library  in  the  National  Intelligencer  of  the  11th 
Oct.  Perhaps  some  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
may  be  curious  to  know  something  about  the 
contents  of  an  American  statesman's  library. 

"  Mr.  Choate's  private  library  is  to  be  sold  at  auction 
on  the  18th,  19tli,  20th,  25th,  26th,  27th,  and  28th  of 
October.  The  catalogue  contains  the  names  of  2,672 
different  worlts,  embracing  about  8,000  volumes.  There 
are  full  sets  of  Blackwood,  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  the 
Edinburgh,  Quarterly,  and  North  American  Reviews,  Chris- 
tian Examiner,  Hansard's  Debates,  Notes  and  Queries, 
C3'clopaedias,  dictionaries,  and  atlases  of  all  sorts.  State 
papers,  popular  libraries,  and  the  works  of  the  standard 
historians,  novelists,  and  poets,  with  a  great  number  of 
classical  books.  There  are  13  works  under  the  head  of 
Thucydides,  16  under  Herodotus,  26  under  Homer,  9  under 
Demosthenes,  5  under  Euripides,  11  under  Tacitus,  26 
under  Cicero,  5  under  Livy,  14  under  Aristotle,  6  under 
Aristophanes,  11  under  Virgil,  18  under  Horace,  and  so 
on.  There  are  4  editions  of  Shakspeare,  3  of  Scott, 
Dickens,  and  Cooper,  complete,  nothing  of  Thackeray's 
but  Pendennis  and  the  English  Humorists,  and  nothing 
of  Bulwer's  but  Athens,  its  Rise  and  Fall." 

PiSHEY  ThOMPSOK. 

Stoke  Newington. 

Overflowings  of  the  Tiber.  —  In  the  Illustrated 
Times  of  November  12th  appeared  an  account  of 
a  recent  overflowing  of  the  Tiber,  to  such  an  ex- 
tent as  to  inundate  the  neighbouring  streets,  so 
that  the  inhabitants  were  compelled  to  take  refuge 
in  the  upper  stories  of  their  houses.  In  1688,  at 
the  time  Belgrade  was  taken  from  the  Turks,  the 


Tiber  overflowed  Its  banks,  and  rose  to  the  height 
of  seven  feet  in  the  Flaminian  Way.  A  monument 
was  erected  to  mark  the  height  of  this  inundation, 
and  to  record  the  success  of  the  Christian  arms, 
which  bore  the  following  inscription  :  — 

"Regalis  vincitur  Alba, 
Belgradum  captum  est:  0!  Tiberi  quid  facies? 
L^etitife  jam  parce  tuae:  demergimur  omnes 
Si  quoties  Turcas  vincimus,  ipse  redis." 

A  hundred  years  after,  Belgrade  was  again  cap- 
tured, and  again  did  the  Tiber  overflow  its  banks. 
This  monument  existed  up  to  the  end  of  the  last 
century.     Does  it  still  remain  ? 

C.  Le  Poee  Kennedy. 

St.  Albans. 

Note  about  the  Records,  temp.  Edward  III.  — 
"A  Justice  seate  being  kept  in  the  Tower  by  procla- 
macOn  all  Record  about  London  tempe  E.  1.  E.  2.,  and 
these  14  yea  res  of  E.  3.  they  should  come  into  the  Tower, 
and  then  JnO  de  S<^'  Paullo  being  a  privy  Counsello''  sent 
in  the  Records  of  Chauncerie  from  Exeter  House  by 
William  Enielden  2  Decemb''  this  yeare,  and  there  re- 
ceived in  the  Court  by  William  de  Kyldesby,  keeper  of 
the  privie  scale,  who  kept  them  till  th'end  of  Januarie. 
And  then  by  precept  of  Kildesby  they  were  delivered  to 
Evsann  for  these  in  present  use,  if  there  were  cause  of 
use  for  the  Records  of  that  yeare,  there  being  then  small 
use  of  Records  of  that  there  is  nowe. 

"  This  niayntayning  the  Kinges  prerogative  over  his 
treasurie,  that  when  a  privie  counsello'"  left  his  place, 
that  dale,  not  his  sucesso"^  M""  of  the  Rolles  but  the  Keeper 
of  the  Kinges  privie  seale  reserved  them  and  kept  them." 

Polecarp  Cheneb. 


Boremav^s  Gigantick  Histories. — About  the  year 
1740,  Tbomas  Boreman,  who  kept  a  book-stall 
"  near  the  Two  Giants  in  Guildhall,  London," 
published  in  a  little  tome  measuring  2  inches  by 
2^,  The  History  of  the  Two  famous  Giants,  and 
other  Curiosities  in  Guildhall,  London.  This  proved 
so  successful,  that  he  was  induced  to  add  The 
Second  Gigantich  Volume,  which  completes  the  His- 
tory of  Guildhall,  and  other  books  of  correspond- 
ing size,  on  the  Tower  of  London,  St-  Paul's  Ca- 
thedral, Westminster  Abbey,  &c.  I  beg  to  inquire 
whether  any  bibliographer  has  described  these 
curious  books,  which  are  both  remarkable  in 
themselves,  and  more  particularly  for  the  lists  of 
the  little  Masters  and  Misses  who  gave  the  pub- 
lisher their  names  as  subscribers.  I  should  like 
to  know  how  many  there  were  of  them  ;  as,  be- 
sides the  four  I  possess,  there  were  at  least  five 
more.  John  Gough  Nichols. 

Manuscript  Neios  Letters.  —  It  is  well  known 
that,  before  printed  newspapers  were  common,  it 
was  usual  to  circulate  intelligence  by  letters 
written  by  professional  scribes  in  London,  and 
sent  by  the  post  to  those  who  were  disposed  to 
subscribe  for  their  reception.    The  country  squire. 


2''<«  S.  VIII.  Dec.  8.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


451 


havinnr  satisfied  his  own  curiosity,  lent  the  sheet 
to  his  kinsfolk  and  acquaintance,  to  the  parson, 
the  doctor,  and  the  more  curious  of  his  tenants  — 
among  whom  it  continued  to  circulate  for  perhaps 
two  or  three  weeks  after. 

1  have  before  me  two  parcels  of  such  letters, 
some  belonging  to  the  years  1681 — 1683,  and 
others  to  the  year  1691.  The  character  of  their 
contents  corresponds  entirely  with  that  of  printed 
newspapers  of  the  same  and  later  times.  I  should 
be  glad  to  be  informed  :  1.  Whether,  in  the  Bri- 
tish Museum  or  elsewhere,  any  large  number,  or 
particular  series,  of  such  letters  has  been  pre- 
served? 2.  Whether  many  of  them,  or  any,  have 
been  printed  in  subsequent  times  ?  3.  Whether 
any  account  of  them,  beyond  the  mere  fact  of  their 
being  customary,  has  been  published  ? 

John  Gough  Nichols. 

The  Mayot  of  Market- Jew.  —  My  grandmother 
was  a  Cornish  woman,  and  well  stored  with  the 
quaint  sayings  of  the  county.  One  of  tliem  was 
as  follows  :  — "Don't  stand  in  your  own  light,  like 
the  Mayor  of  Market- Jew."*  V\.hat  is  the  legend 
connected  with  this? 

Job  J.  Baedwell  Workard,  M.A. 

Clergymmis  Crest.  —  Has  a  clergyman  any 
heraldically  legal  right  to  bear  a  crest  ?  If  not, 
why  not?  G.  W.  M. 

Fly-boat.  —  What  was  a  fly-boat  of  the  reign  of 
Elizabeth  ?  Was  it  not  a  fast  craft  of  about  100 
tons,  in  fjact,  a  clipper  ?  G.  R.  L. 

Lett  Family. — Where  can  I  find  any  account  of 
the  Lett  family,  an  extensive  branch  of  which  has 
long  been  settled  in  the  county  Wexford?  I  have 
heard  a  tradition  that  they  were  brought  over  by 
Cromwell  and  placed  there.  If  I  am  correct, 
they  came  from  Suffolk  or  Cambridgeshire,  where 
the  name  now  exists,  but  under  the  form  of  Leet, 
Light,  Leete,  and  Lete.  I  recollect  once  hearing 
that  the  family  is  of  German  origin,  descent  being 
traced  from  that  tribe  who  spoke  the  Lettish  dia- 
lect of  the  German  language,  and  that  the  uaiftes 
Jellet,  Mallet,  &c.,  are  but  varieties  of  the  same 
race.  Ovris, 

Captain  Fitzjames.  —  Any  information  respect- 
ing this  gallant  captain,  who  accompanied  Sir 
John  Franklin  in  his  last  expedition,  will  be 
esteemed  by  J.  R. 

Beau-siant:  Beaulieu. — What  is  the  etymology 
of  the  words  "  Beauseant  avant,"  the  cri-de- 
guerre  of  the  Templars  ?  I  have  heard  it  conjec- 
tured that  it  means  "  the  beautiful  seat"  (or  site), 
and  alludes  to  the  fine  position  of  the  Temple  at 


[*  Of  course  Market-Jew  is  Marazion,  in  the  parish 
of  St;  Hilary  («  N.  &  Q."  2'^'i  S.  ii.  463.).  But  where  is 
the  legend  to  be  found? — En.] 


Jerusalem.  Does  "Beaulieu"  mean  the  same 
thing,  and  was  the  word  at  any  time  the  cry  of 
the  Hos[)itallers?  In  this  case  tiie  land  they  held, 
callfd  "  Beaulieu-vant"  (see  Qu.  "  Boley  Hill," 
supra),  would  be  named  after  their  cry,  "  Beau- 
lieu avant."  A.  A. 
Poets'  Comer. 

Scorning  the  Church. — I  cut  the  following  from 
a  newspaper  a  few  days  since.  I  shall  be  glad  to 
know  if  this  curious  custom  prevails  elsewhere. 

"  A  peculiar  custom  prevails  at  Norham,  Durham,  that 
if  the  banns  of  marriage  be  thrice  published,  and  the 
marriage  aoes  not  lake  place,  the  refusing  party,  whether 
male  or  female,  paj's  tbrty  shillings  to  the  vicar,  as  a 
penalty  for  '  scorning  the  Church.' "  * 

Alfred  T.  Leb. 

Francis  Pole  of  Park  Hall,  Derbyshire. — The 
landlord  of  the  "Coach  and  Horses"  publichouse, 
late  "  Hockley-in-the-Hole,"  Ray  Sti-eet,  Clerken- 
well,  is  in  possession  of  a  brass  dog-collar,  found 
upon  the  premises,  on  which  is  engraven  in  old 
script  characters,  "  Mr.  Francis  Pole  of  Park 
Hall,  Derbyshire."  1  shall  be  obliged  to  any  of 
your  correspondents  who  will  favour  with  some 
particulars  of  the  life  of  this  gentleman,  but  more 
especially  the  manner  of  his  death  :  as  from  the 
circumstance  of  a  mastiff's  collar  having  been  found 
here,  I  suspect  that  this  gentleman- gamester  was 
victimised  by  some  of  the  ruflSans  who  frequented 
the  baitings  at  "Hockley-in-the-Hole,"  lor  the 
sake  of  his  money  and  valuables.        W.  J.  Pinks. 

William  Thirkeld.  —  A  clergyman  of  this  name, 
from  the  city  of  Durham,  is  said  to  have  been 
sometime  in  exile  with  Dr.  Cosin,  afterwards 
Bishop  of  Durham.  Can  any  of  the  readers  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  throw  any  light  upon  his  history  ? 

E.  H.  A. 

Biographers,  and  their  Subjects.  —  A  certain  ex- 
chancellor,  hearing  of  the  intention  of  a  certain 
actual  chancellor  to  write  the  lives  of  all  holders 
of  the  Great  Seal,  is  reported  to  have  exclaimed, 

"  By !  it  adds  a  new  pang  to  the  thought  of 

death  !  "     The  anecdote,  true  or  not,  was  current 
a  few  years  ago.     Compare 

"  The  imprudence  of  editors  and  executors  is  an  addi- 
tional reason  why  men  of  good  parts  should  be  afraid  to 
die."  —  Hannah  More,  quoted  in  Walpole's  Letters,  ix. 
115. 

And 

"He  [Curll]  was  notorious,  from  his" practice  of  issu- 
ing miserable  catchpenny  lives  t)f  every  eminent  person 
immediatelj'  after  his  decease.  Arbutlinot  wittily  styled 
him 'one  of  the  new  terrors  of  death.'"  —  Carruthera' 
Life  of  Pope  (1853),  p.  150.. 

Can  this  joke  be  traced  farther  back  ? 

H.  L.  Temple. 

[*  This  paragraph,  quoted  from  Raine's  North  Durham, 
appeared  in  our  Ist  S.  vi.  432, — En.] 


452 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  Vlll.  Dec.  3.  »69. 


Frogs  in  Ireland.  — Time  was  when  there  were 
no  frojis  in  Ireland.  The  old  song  tells  us  of  St. 
Patrick  that  "  He  gave  the  frogs  and  toads  a  twist, 
and  banished  them  for  ever."  Now,  however, 
great  varieties  of  them  abound  there.  It  is  stated 
that  about  a  century  since  a  Fellow  of  T.  C,  I 
believe  Provost  Baldwin,  brought  frog-spawn 
from  England  to  Dublin,  to  test  the  popular 
belief  that  frogs  could  not  live  there.  I  have 
somewhere  seen  an  account  of  the  rate  at  which 
the  offspring  of  this  spawn  spread  through  the 
land,  showing  the  distance  from  Dublin  at  which, 
in  their  migrations,  they  arrived  in  successive 
years.  I  should  be  glad  to  see  this  account,  and 
indeed  all  particulars,  placed  on  record  in  "N.  & 
Q."  If  the  original  spawn  wns  of  one  descriptioD 
of  frog,  how  are  we  to  account  for  the  present 
varieties  ?  Might  not  the  same  experiment  be 
now  tried  with  the  toad  ?  J.  P. 

Dominica. 

The  Tobacco  Controversy  of  1858.  —  Might  it 
not  prove  of  use  hereafter  were  your  columns  to 
contain  a  complete  list  of  the  publications,  whe- 
ther pamphlets  or  the  articles  and  letters  in 
periodicals,  which  were  elicited  by  the  Tobacco 
Controversy  of  1858?  Personally  such  a  record 
would  prove  of  service,  as  I  have  a  bundle  ready 
for  the  binder,  of  which  I  should  be  glad  to  learn 
the  deficiencies.  Can  any  correspondent  supply 
a  complete  list  ?  Radser. 

Wiclifs  Translation. — What  is  the  edition  of 
AViclif  used  by  Dean  Trench  in  his  Select  GloS' 
sai'tj  ?  I  put  the  question  because,  on  turning  to 
verify  the  various  quotations  there  made,  in  Bag- 
ster's  English  Hexapla,  I  meet  with  several  varia- 
tions; and,  what  is  of  more  importance,  these 
differences  are  found  in  the  very  phrases  for 
which  Wiclif  is  adduced  as  authority.     Thus :  — 

Col.  iv.  10.  (Trench)  "  Aristark,  myne  evene  cayiijf 
greetith  j'ou  wel." 

(Bagster,  a.d.  1380),  "  Arestarke  prisoner  with  me 
gretith  30U  wel." 

Ram.  vi.  4.  (Trench,  p.  36.),  "  Sothli  we  ben  togidere 
biried  with  him  bi  Christendom  in  to  death." 

(Bagster),  "  for  we  ben  to  gidre  biried  with  hym  by 
baptym  in  to  death." 

St.  Mark  XV.  43.  (Trench,  p.  98.),  "  Hardily  he  entride 
in  to  Pilat." 

(Bag.ster),  "and  booldli  he  entrid  to  pilat." 

St.  Mark,  xiv.  44.  (Trench,  p.  175.),  "  whom  evere  I 
schal  kisse,  he  it  is :  holde  ye  him,  and  lede  ye  warli,  or 
queyntly." 

In  Bagster  these  two  last  words,  for  the  sake  of 
which  the  quotation  is  introduced,  do  not  appear 
at  all. 

I  would  venture  to  suggest  to  Dr.  Trench,  to 
whom  I  feel  myself  under  a  great  debt  of  grati- 
tude for  exciting  my  interest  on  these  subjects 
some  years  ago,  that  he  would  save  those  few 
readers  who,  like  myself,  make  it  a  habit  to  verify 


references  whenever  it  is  practicable,  from  some 
disappointment,  if  he  would,  in  future  editions  of 
his  Select  Glossary,  specify  the  edition  of  Wiclif 
to  which  his  references  are  made.  There  are  very 
few  writers  of  the  pi-esent  day  who  cause  such 
readers  so  little  disappointment  by  inaccuracy  in 
reference  as  Dr.  Trench.  Ache. 

John  Lightfoot,  D.D.,  Master  of  St.  Catharine's 
Coll.,  Cambridge.  —  On  this  portrait,  by  White,  is 
engraved  the  following  coat  of  arms :  "  Barry  of 
six  or  and  gules,  on  a  bend  argent  three  tortoises 
of  the  second."  There  is  no  coat  for  "  Lightfoot" 
in  Burke's  General  Armory  with  bend  aigent,  or 
tortoises.  Did  the  Doctor  receive  a  grant  of  these 
arms  ?  Or  has  the  engraver  made  a  mistake?  I 
should  be  glad  to  know  if  there  is  any  pedigree 
or  account  of  the  Lightfoots  of  Staffordshire  ex- 
tant ?  and  if  any  family  of  that  name  were  resi- 
dent in  the  county  of  Hertford  or  Bedford  prior 
to  the  settlement  of  Dr.  Lightfoot  at  Great  Mun- 
den,  Herts,  in  1643? 

I  am  acquainted  with  the  slight  account  of  the 
Doctor's  family  in  the  Preface  to  his  Works  by 
Sfrype. 

I  should  be  much  obliged  for  any  information 
or  references  to  MSS.  or  printed  works  respect- 
ing any  of  the  name,  prior  to  the  seventeenth 
century.  W.  J.  Lightfoot. 

Sandhurst,  Kent. 

Coke's  4th  Institute.  —  Is  there  any  work  which 
trciits  of  the  subjects  contained  in  the  4th  Insti- 
tute, or  remarks  upon  Lord  Coke's  work,  besides 
Prynne's  animadversions  thereon  ?  J.  R. 

Samuel  Woodruffe.  —  A  gentleman  of  the  name 
of  Samuel  Woodruffe  lived  at  Gainsborough  dur- 
ing a  considerable  part  of  the  first  half  of  the  last 
century.  He  was  an  accomplished  mathemati- 
cian, and  otherwise  a  learned  man.  I  have  reason 
to  believe  that  he  was  an  occasional  contributor 
to  the  Gentleman  s  Magazine,  and  some  of  the 
other  periodicals  that  started  into  existence  in 
imitation  of  the  above-named  serial.  He  was  nlso, 
it  is  said,  a  correspondent  of  many  of  the  learned 
men  of  his  day.  I  shall  be  much  obliged  to  any 
one  who  may  be  able  to  point  out  to  me  any  com- 
munication of  his  to  the  periodical  literature  of 
his  time ;  and  still  more  so  for  information  as  to 
any  of  his  letters,  if  such  be  now  in  existence. 
He  had,  family  tradition  says,  a  large  and  well- 
selected  library  ;  some  five-and-twenty  volumes 
that  once  belonged  to  it,  &re  now  in  my  possession. 
His  books  may  be  identified  by  his  exceedingly 
beautiful  signature,  usually  inscribed  on  the  first 
board  or  the  first  fly-leaf  of  the  volume.  In  some 
cases  the  name  is  surrounded  by  a  seroll-wor i: 
frame  of  elaborate  penmanship,  showing  a  high 
degree  of  excellence  in  that  then  fashionable  art. 

Edward  Peacock. 

Bolfesford  Manor,  Brigg. 


2n<»  S.  VIII.Dec.  8.  '69.3 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


455 


Georf-  Gascoigne.  —  As  I  see  that  the  authors 
of  thp"^'^*"^  Cantab,  are  correspondents  of  yours, 
ma/  I  take  the  liberty  of  asking  them  through 
70U  where  I  can  find  the  papers  rehitive  to  the 
(George  Gascoigne  who  was  "in  trouble"  in  1548, 
mentioned  in  their  excellent  Life  of  the  poet  ? 

G.  H.  K. 

John  Bull. — At  what  period  was  this  national 

sobi'iquet  given  to,  or  assumed  by,  the  people  of 

England  P— and  what  is  the  earliest  authority  for 

its  use  ?  *  J.  E.  T. 


:^tn0r  ^wtxiti  iuttlj  ^niiatxi. 

Wesley  s  Hijmns.  —  I  have  an  imperfect  copy 
of  Wesley's  Hymns  with  the  mvisic  annexed,  of 
which  I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  date,  and 
the  number  of  the  edition.  The  title-page  is 
missing.  The  preface  consists  of  three  paragraphs. 
In  the  third  Wesley  says  :  —      • 

"I  have  been  endeavouring  for  more  than  twenty 
years  to  procure  such  a  book  as  this.  But  in  vain :  Mas- 
ters of  Music  were  above  following  any  direction  but  their 
own.  And  I  was  determined  whoever  compiled  this 
should  follow  my  direction :  not  mending  our  Tunes,  but 
setting  them  down,  neither  better  nor  worse  than  they 
were.    At  length  I  have  prevailed." 

He  recommends  this  book  "  preferably  to  all 
others."  Some  of  the  hymns  are  not  in  the  col- 
lection now  used  by  the  people  called  Methodists. 

John  Maclean. 

Hammersmith. 

[Mr.  David  Creamer,  in  his  Methodist  Hymnologtj  {^evf 
York,  12mo.,  1848,  p.  191.),  informs  us,  that  "Mr.  John 
W-es!e_v,  in  1761,  published  a  work  entitled  Select  Hymns, 
with  Tunes  Annexed ;  designed  chiefly  for  the  Use  of  the 
People  called  3Iethodists."  Then  follows  an  extract  from 
the  Preface,  as  quoted  by  our  correspondent.] 

Passage  in  Grotius.  —  The  following  passage  oc- 
curs in  Emerson's  Representative  Men,  Shakespeare 
or  the  Poet :  — 

"Grotius  makes  the  like  remark  in  respect  to  the 
Lord's  Prayer,  that  the  single  clauses,  of  which  it  is  com- 
posed, were  already  in  use  in  the  time  of  Christ,  in  the 
rabbinical  forms.    He  picked  out  the  grains  of  gold." 

I  should  be  glad  to  be  informed  in  what  work 
of  Grotius  this  statement  is  to  be  found  ? 

E.  D.H. 

[We  cannot  find  the  passage  in  Grotius,  but  Dr.  Light- 
foot  {Eruhhin,  or  Miscellanies,  1629,  p.  57. ;  Works,  ed. 
1684,  i.  1003.)  has  a  similar  statement.  He  says,  "The 
whole  Lord's  Prayer  might  almost  be  picked  out  of  the 
works  of  the  Jews,  for  they  deny  not  tlie  words,  though 
they  contradict  the  force  of  it.  The  first  words  of  it  they 
use  frequently,  as  '  Our  Father  which  art  in  heaven,'  in 
their  Common  Prayer  Book,  fol.  5. ;  and  '  Humble  your 
hearts  before  your  Father  which  is  in  heaven,'  in  Rosh 
hashana.  But  they  have  as  much  devotion  toward  the 
Father  while  they  deny  the  Son,  as  the  heathens  had 
which  could  saj' ' ZeO  irorep ^fieVepe  KpovCSri'  ' Our  Father 

[*  Qy.  Is  there  an  earlier  instance  of  it  than  1712, 
when  Arbuthnot  published  his  well-known  History  of 
JohnBullf] 


Jupiter,'  and  worshipped  an  unknown  God,  Acts  xvii. 
The}'  pray  almost  in  everj'  other  prayer,  '  Thy  kingdom 
come,'  and  that  Bimherafi  bejamenu  quickly,  even  in  our 
days;  but  it  is  for  an  earthly  kingdom  they  thus  look 
and  pray.  They  pray  '  Lead  us  not  into  temptation,'  foL 
4.,  Liturg.,  while  they  'tempt  Him  that  led  them  in  the 
wilderness,  as  did  their  fathers.'    Ps.  xcv."] 

The  Berdash,  an  Article  of  Dress.  —  The  author 
of  The  Guardian  for  March  23,  1712-13,  says  :  — 
"  I  have  prepared  a  treatise  against  the  cravat  and 
berdash,  which  I  am  told  is  not  ill  done."  And 
in  the  Prologue  to  the  ballad  opera  of  The  Female 
Parson,  or  Beau  in  the  Sudds,  by  Charles  Coffey, 
1730,  among  the  requisites  of  a  beau,  we  read  of 
— "  Cane,  ruffles,  sword-knot,  berdash,  hat  and 
feather,  perfumes,  fine  essence,  brought  from  Lord 
knows  whither." 

What  is-  the  berdash  f  and  how  is  it  connected, 
if  at  all,  with  the  well-known  term  haberdasher  ?• 
Strutt,  Planche,  Fairholt,  and  other  writers  on 
costume,  do  not  notice  the  berdash. 

Edward  F.  Rimb^iilt. 

["  Berdash.  A  neck-cloth.  The  meaning  of  this  term 
is  doubtful."  (Halliwell.)  May  it  not  be  berd-tachef 
Tache,  a  loop,  fastening,  or  band.  Sometimes  tache  was 
"  the  piece  which  covered  the  pocket."  lb.  Berd,  old 
Eng.  and  A.-S.  for  beard.  There  does  seem  to  be  some 
connexion,  as  our  correspondent  suggests,  between  ber- 
dash and  haberdasher.  "  Berdash,  in  Antiquity,  was  a 
name  formerly  used  in  England  for  a  certain  kind  of 
neck-dress ;  and  hence  a  person  who  made  or  sold  such 
neck-cloths  was  called  a  berdasher,  from  which  is  derived 
our  word  haberdasher."  (Chambers.)  This  same  union  of 
the  indefinite  article  with  the  noun,  which  from  a  ber- 
dasher produces  haberdasher,  has  been  supposed  to  have 
given  us  the  much-disputed  word  alligator.  Our  sailors, 
on  landing  upon  the  tropical  coasts  of  America,  the  first 
time  they  saw  a  crocodile  exclaimed  "That's  a  lagarto" 
(a  lizard).  Hence  alligator.  On  the  contrarj',  we  some- 
times get  the  article  by  separation,  as  in  the  phrase  "  to 
run  a  muck."  This  was  properly  "  to  run  amock,"  or  "  to 
run  amooa."'\ 

Cotgraoes  French- English  Dictionary.  —  What 
is  the  history  of  the  above  work,  the  dates  of  its 
different  editions,  and  the  names  of  the  editors  ? 
and  where  can  I  find  a  memoir  of  Randle  Cot- 
grave,  t^e  original  compiler  ?  2.  2. 

[The  first  edition  of  Cotgrave's  Dictionarie  of  the 
French  and  English  Tongues,  was  published  in  1611,  fol. 
To  the  second  edition  is  annexed  "  A  most  Copious  Dic- 
tionarie of  the  English  set  before  the  French,  by  S.  L." 
[R.  Sherwood,  Londoner],  fol.  1632.  To  the  third  edition 
are  added  "  Tlie  Animadversions  and  Supplements  of 
James  Howell,"  j"ol.  1650,  1060, 1673.  The  next  edition 
is  entitled  A  French  and  English  Dictionary,  composed 
by  Randle  Cotgrave,  with  another  in  English  and  French 
[by  R.  Sherwood].  Whereunto  are  added.  Sundry 
Animadversions,  Supplements,  a  Grammar,  and  a  Dia- 
logue of  Gallicisms,  by  James  Howell.  2  Parts,  Lond. 
fol.  1773—72.  We  shall  be  glad  to  receive  some  bio- 
graphical notices  of  Randle  Cotgrave.] 

The  Battiscombe Family . — What  was  the  lineage 
of  "  Christopher  Battiscombe,  a  young  Templar  of 
good  family  and  fortune,"  (the  Battiscombes  are, 


454 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>«»  S.  VIII.  W  3,  '£9. 


I  presume,  a  family  of  considerable  antiquity  in 
the  county  of  Dorset,  taking  their  name  from  the 
manor  of  Bettiscombe,  near  Lyme  Regis  in  that 
county  ?)  "  who,  at  Dorchester,  an  agreeable  pro- 
vincial town,  proud  of  its  taste  and  refinement, 
was  regarded  by  all  as  the  model  of  a  fine  gentle- 
man." (Macaulay's  Hist,  vol.  i.  p.  642.)  He 
unfortunately  took  part  in  the  rebellion  of  the 
Duke  of  Monmouth  in  1685,  and  became  one  of 
the  victims  of  the  infamous  Judge  Jeffi  eys ;  "  he 
suffered  at  Lyme  piously  and  courageously." 
Was  he  buried  at  Lyme  Regis,  where  he  suffered 
death?  Had  he  any  collateral  relatives?  if  so, 
who  were  they?  Was  William  Battiscombe,  a 
lawyer  of  Chancery  Lane,  London,  in  the  middle 
of  the  last  century,  a  relative  ?  Also,  anything 
concerning  the  said  William  Battiscombe,  his  an- 
cestors or  descendants  ?  Alf.  Shelley  Ellis. 
Bristol. 

[The  pedigree  of  the  Battiscombe  or  Bettiscombe 
family  of  Vere  Wotton  is  printed  in  Hutchins's  Dorset- 
shire, i.  536.  It  commences  with  John  Bettescomb,  who 
purchased  the  farm  at  Vere  Wotton  about  1432,  11  Henry 
VI.,  who  married  Alice,  daughter  and  heir  of  John  Beau- 
chin  of  Beauchin  Ha^-s.  The  last  two  of  the  family  no- 
ticed in  this  pedigree  are  "  Richard  Battiscombe,  bar- 
rister, ob.  1782,  set.  30.,  s.  p.,  buried  at  Simondsbury 
(Gent.  Mag.  for  June,  1782,  p.  309.);  and  Robert,  of 
New  Windsor,  apothecary  to  His  Majesty."  We  learn 
from  the  obituary  of  the  European  Magazine,  that  a  John 
Battiscombe,  Esq.,  of  Hendon,  Middlesex,  died  22nd  Aug. 
1793 ;  and  a  Mr.  Daniel  Battiscomb,  attorney,  died  9th 
Jan.  1795.  Christopher  Battiscombe,  executed  at  Lyme, 
1685,  was  not  married.  Great  interest  was  made  to  save 
•him,  and  he  was  several  times  at  the  judge's  lodgings, 
who  offered  him  pardon  if  he  would  impeach  others, 
which  he  nobly  refused.  Among  the  petitioners  for  his 
life,  was  a  young  lady  to  whom  he  was  engaged  to  be 
married,  who,  making  her  humble  request  on  her  knees 
to  the  judge,  his  insulting  cruelty  dictated  a  reply  too 
coarse  to  be  reproduced.] 

Plowden  in  English.  —  Knight,  in  his  notes  to 
Hamlet,  says  that  Plowden  was  published  in  1578 
in  old  French.  Can  you  give  me  the  date  of  the 
earliest  translation  into  English,  if  there  be  one  ? 

G.  H.  K. 

[Plowden's  Commentaries  or  Reports  were  originally 
written  in  Norman  French,  and  the  editions  of  1571,  1578, 
1599,  1613,  and  1684,  were  published  in  that  language; 
but  an  English  translation  of  the  entire  work  was  published 
in  1761,  fol.  Mr.  Broomly  is  understood  to  have  been  the 
editor  and  translator.  This  edition  appeared  with  a  new 
title-page  in  1769.  The  other  editions  are,  2  vols.  8vo. 
Dublin,  1792,  and  2  vols.  8vo.  London,  1816,] 

Painting  on  Copper  concealed  in  a  Book  Cover. 
— With  reference  to  Mr.  Hakt's  remark  (ante, 
249.),  "  that  even  the  covers  alone  of  old  books 
contain  treasures,"  I  enclose  a  copy  of  an  oil  paint- 
ing on  copper  found  in  an  old  book- cover  that 
had  been  used  by  a  binder  to  rub  his  irons  on. 
The  leather  of  the  fellow  cover  being  worn 
through,  it  was  thrown  on  the  fire  as  useless  ; 
copper  dropping  between  the  bars,  revealed  that 


it  had  contained  something  peculiar,  am.]g^  to 
the  opening  of  the  remaining  cover,  when  tjjjg 
picture  was  discovered.  Thinking  it  an  unusual 
occurrence,  and  therefore  worthy  of  note,  I  send 
you  a  copy  (indifferent,  but  still  illustrates  it). 
There  are  twelve  figures  in  all ;  the  bottom  and 
lefthand  edges  are  jagged  as  if  cut ;  the  colours 
good.  I  should  like  to  know  if  any  of  your 
readers  know  of  similar  instances,  and  if  they  can 
account  for  such  a  proceeding.  Was  the  picture 
valuable,  or  the  subject  prohibited,  that  it  must 
thus  be  hid  ?  What  date  ?  R.  J.  F. 

[The  original  designer  of  the  picture  of  which  our  cor- 
respondent has  enclosed  a  photograph  is  either  Tintoret, 
Paul  Veronese,  or  one  of  the  Venetian  masters  of  the 
middle  of  the  sixteenth  century.  It  is  impossible  to 
state  more  decidedly  without  a  sight  of  the  original.  We 
never  heard  of  a  similar  instance  of  an  oil  painting  being 
thus  concealed  in  the  cover  of  a  book.] 

Blackstone's  "  Commentaries"  —  Tn  what  year 
was  the  last  edition  of  this  admirable  work  pub- 
lished which  was  by  himself  or  sanctir)ned  by 
him  ?  In  what  edition  of  the  work  did  he  first 
introduce  a  table  of  precedences  which  does  not 
appear  in  his  earlier  editions? 

Some  of  your  legal  readers  would  be  rendering 
an  acceptable  service  by  giving  in  your  pages  a 
list  of  the  various  editions  of  the  Commentaries^ 
with  the  names  of  the  respective  editors,  and  years 
of  publication.  J.  R. 

[The  last  edition  of  the  Commentaries  published  during 
the  author's  life  was  the  eighth,  Oxford,  4  vols.  Svo. 
1778.  Blackstone  died  on  Feb.  14,  1780.  After  his  death 
Dr.  Richard  Burn  edited  the  ninth  edition,  containing  the 
last  corrections  of  the  learned  author,  4  vols.  8vo.  1782. 
(Bridgman's  Legal  Bibliography,  p.  19.)  A  list  of  the 
various  editions  of  the  Commentaries,  with  the  names  of 
the  respective  editors  and  dates  of  publication,  will  be 
found  in  Bohn's  new  edition  of  Lowndes's  Bibliographer's 
Manual;  consult  also  Marvine's  Legal  Bibliography,  Phi- 
ladelphia, 8  vo.  1847;  and  Allibone's  Diet,  of  English  Lite- 
rature. The  "  Table  of  Precedence  "  first  appeared  in  the 
fifth  edition,  Oxford,  4  vols.  1773,  at  Book  i.  p.  405.] 


THE    rOUB   KINGS. 

(•2°"  S.  viii.  p.  417.) 

Addison,  in  No.  50.  of  the  Spectator,  tells  us  that 
when  the  four  Indian  Kings  were  in  tliis  country, 
he  took  a  great  interest  in  their  proceedings ;  and 
after  their  departure  employed  a  friend  to  make 
many  inquiries  of  their  landlord,  the  upholsterer, 
relating  to  their  manners  and  conversation.  He 
adds  that  the  upholsterer,  finding  his  friend  so  in- 
quisitive about  his  lodgers,  brought  him  a  little  bun- 
dle of  papers,  wliich  he  assured  him  were  written  by 
King  "  Sa  Ga  Yean  Qua  Rash  Tow ;"  and,  as  he 
supposed,  left  behind  by  some  mistake.  Perhaps, 
very  few  readers  take  this  name,  or  that  of  this 
king's  "  good  brother,"  E  Tow  O  Koam,  "  King 


2»<«  S.  VIII.DKC.  3.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


455 


of  the  r'»«"i"  to  be  a  real  name :  but  it  seems 

that  th^y  were  real  ones ;  at  least  I  can  say  that  I 

hav^  seen  them  attested  by  the  hand  (I  must  not 

Perhaps  say  handwritings)  of  the  kings  wlio  bore 

them.     I  believe  that  my  copy  was  made  from  the 

original ;  and  while  the  words  look,  at  first  sight, 

very    different,    partly    arising   from    each   name 

being  written  as  one  word,  there  is  a  resemblance 

which  cannot  be  merely  accidental.     I  am  sorry 

that  my  rough  and  hasty  copy  leaves  me  in  some 

doubt   about  one  or  two  letters,  but  I  read  the 

first,  Saguyouquaravghta,  and  the  second,  Etawa- 

com.     The  fact  is  that  on  their  return  to  their 

"  native   continent,"    they   wrote,    or    somebody 

wrote  for  them,  and  in  three  cases  —  by  grotesque 

drawings  of  the  animals  from  whence,  I  believe, 

they  derived  their   titles,  attested  —  a  letter   to 

Archbishop  Tenison,  of  which  the  following  is  a 

copy :  — 

"  May  it  please  your  Grace  — 

"  We  being  God  be  thanked  safely  arrived  upon 
our  native  continent  cannot  forgett  j'our  Grace  and  y« 
Society's  favour  and  kindness  to  us  wlien  in  Brittain,  and 
your  kind  promise  of  providing  us  with  missionarys  to 
be  settled  at  a  foi-t  with  a  chappell  and  house  for  them, 
■which  we  pray  your  Grace  and  the  Society  not  be  forget- 
full  of 

"  We  pray  that  Anadagariax  Col^i  Nicholson  may  send 
this  letter. 

"  We  are  your  Graces  and  y-R'  HonoWe  Society 

"  Most  humble  Serv*»." 
"  Boston  in  New  England, 
July  yo  21,  1710." 

Then  follow  the  names  in  writing,  and  the 
graphic  illustrations.  One  of  the  latter  is  I  think 
without  doubt  a  tortoise  ;  another,  I  imagine,  was 
meant  for  a  beaver  ;  and  the  third,  if  not  a  horse, 
may  be  anything  that  could  be  made  or  mistaken 
for  one.  The  letter  is  preserved  among  the 
Lambeth  MSS.,  No.  711.  17.  I  see  that  I  have 
doubted  whether  it  was  the  original  or  a  copy; 
but  at  this  distance  of  lime  I  cannot  recollect 
what  suggested  the  doubt,  and  it  is  much  the 
most  probable  that  it  is  the  original.  Perhaps  the 
Society's  archives  would  furnish  some  farther  par- 
ticulars relating  to  the  Four  Kings.  S.  R.  M. 


DR.   JOHN   HEWETT. 

(2°'»  S.  viii.  391.) 

Two  or  three  notices  respecting  Dr.  Huet  or 
Hewyt  appear  to  have  escaped  the  notice  of  your 
correspondent  J.  F.  N.  Hewett,  and  there  is  one 
slight  error  in  his  very  interesting  article.  The 
petition  of  Lady  Mary  Huet  should  have  been 
assigned  to  1659,  and  not  1658,  as  it  is  stated. 
The  date  is  properly  Feb.  1658-9. 

In  Burton's  Diary  of  the  Parliament  from  1656 
to  1659,  under  March  8th,  1658-9,  we  read  :  — 

"  There  was  a  petition  of  one  Lady  Hewet*  for  the  life 
of  her  husband.    She  appealed  to  all  the  lawyers  and 


judges,  and  told  them,  if  they  said  he  ought  to  plead  by 
the  law,  he  would,  and,  for  not  pleading,  he  lost  his  life. 
The  judges  refused  to  act  upon  it;  but  twentv-four  that 
now  sit  in  the  other  house  sat."    (Burton,  iv.  jpp.  80—1.) 

Subsequently,  we  meet  with  this  entry  :  — 

«  March  10,  1G58-9.    Lady  Hewett's  petition,  it  seems, 
was  delivered  to  the  clerk,  and  by  some  legerdemain  got ' 
off  the  tile.    It  was  mgved  to  be  produced."    (76.  p.  119.) 

It  would  seem  from  these  extracts  that  Ladj 
Mary  Hewyt  petitioned  the  House  of  Commons 
against  the  legality  of  the  tribunal  before  which 
her  husband  was  tried,  and  that  her  inconvenient 
petition  was  lost.  Whether  it  was  ever  produced 
does  not  appear.  Dr.  Hewyt  mitjht  well  have 
refused  to  plead  before  the  so-called  "  court  of 
justice."  Both  Whitlock  and  Thurloe,  when 
consulted  by  the  Lord  Protector,  advised  that 
the  constitutional  course  of  a  trial  Ijy  jury  should 
be  followed.  (Whitlock's  Memorials,  and  Burton, 
ii.  473.)  Cromwell,  however,  preferred  a  court 
composed  of  persons  selected  by  himself:  but  be- 
fore this  illegal  tribunal  Hewyt  refused  to  plead. 

By  these  "twenty-four"  Dr.  Hewyt  was  sen- 
tenced to  be  hanged,  drawn,  and  quartered  at 
Tyburn  on  Saturday  the  5t.h  June.  The  time, 
pbice,  and  mode  of  execution  were,  however, 
altered  by  Cromwell,  and,  together  with  Sir 
Henry  Slingsby,  Hewyt  was  beheaded  on  Tower 
Hill,  on  Tuesday  the  8th.  (Slingsby's  Diary  in 
Appendix  ;  Burton's  Diary,  vol.  ii.  p.  473.) 

Immediately  after  his  execution,  indeed  within 
a  few  days  of  his  death,  appeared  a  small  volume 
entitled  '■'•Nine  select  Sermons  preached  upon  spe- 
cial Occasions  in  the  Parish  Church  of  St.  GregO' 
ries  by  St.  Paul's.  By  the  late  Reverend  John 
HewyttjD.D."  *  These  were  published  from  short- 
hand notes,  and  a  caveat  was  lodged  at  Stationers' 
Hall  against  the  book,  and  considered  by  the 
Court  of  the  Company  on  the  14th,  only  six 
days  after  his  execution.  This  small  volume  was 
succeeded  in  the  same  year  by  another  with  the 
title  "  Repentance  and  Conversion,  the  Fabric  of 
Salvation,  Sfc,  being  the  last  Sermon  preached 
by  that  reverend  and  learned  John  Hewyt,  D.D." 
Published  by  Geo.  Wild  and  Jo.  Barwick  his 
executors. 

In  1660,  Dr.  Barwick,  who  had-  attended  his 
friend  on  the  scaffold,  and  to  whom,  just  before  he 
laid  his  head  on  the  block.  Dr.  Hewyt  had  given 
a  ring  with  the  motto  "  Alter  Aristides,"  went  to 
Breda  to  have  an  audience  with  Charles  II.,  and 
there  presented  a  petition  with  the  request  "that 
Dr.  Hewit's  Widow,  an  excellent  person,  might 
be  taken  under  his  Majesty's  care  and  protection, 
and  that  her  fatherless  son  might  have  some  place 
given  him."  From  this  it  would  seem  likely  that 
he  only  left  one  son  behind  him.    (See  Barwick's 

*  These  extracts  supply  two  variations  in  the  way  of 
spelling  Dr.  Hewyt's  name  in  addition  to  those  men- 
tioned by  your  correspondent. 


456 


NOTES  AND  QtJjfcRlES. 


t2»*  S.  VIII.  W.  3. '5&. 


Life,  Eng.  edit.  p.  278.)  Perhaps  Mr.  Hart  or 
Mr.  Hopper,  in  tlieir  researches  in  the  State 
Paper  Office,  could  inform  us  how  far  the  king 
was  mindful  of  this  petition.  Wm.  Dbnton. 

Allow  me  to  suggest  to  some  of  the  contributors 
to  "  N.  &  Q."  that  bare  assertions,  on  the  one 
side  or  the  other,  of  disputed  points  likely  to 
rouse  political  or  religious  feeling  are  best 
avoided.  "  N.  &  Q."  is  not  the  place  to  dis- 
cuss whether  Cardinal  Wolsey  was  a  "  great  and 
good  man,"  or  a  great  and  bad  man  ;  or  whether 
Oliver  Cromwell  was  guilty  of  "  vindictive 
cruelty,"  or  was  just  and  merciful.  Let  con- 
tributors state  what  they  believe  to  be  facts,  give 
their  authorities,  and  abstain  from  the  use  of  un- 
necessary adjectives.  This  periodical  is  read  alike 
by  Catholics  and  by  Protestants,  by  High  Church- 
men and  by  Puritans,  and  its  columns  should, 
accordingly,  be  free  from  party  spirit. 

The  plea  and  demurrer  exhibited  by  Dr.  Hewett, 
the  composition  of  which  evinces  great  "  skill  and 
legal  knowledge,"  were  prepared  by  Prynne. 

Your  correspondent  Mr.  J.  F.  N.  Hewett 
states  that  the  tale  he  furnishes  "  comprehends 
the  elements  of  a  romance."  So  far  as  it  relates 
to  the  death  of  Cromwell  and  his  daughter  I 
quite  agree  with  him.  All  that  Clarendon,  who 
•was  by  no  means  an  impartial  witness,  ventures 
to  say  on  this  subject  is  :  — 

"  But  that  which  chiefly  broke  his  peace  was  the  death 
of  his  daughter  Claypole,  who  had  been  always  his 
greatest  joy,  and  who,  in  her  sickness,  wliich  was  of  a 
nature  the  physicians  knew  not  how  to  deal  with,  had 
several  conferences  witli  him,  which  exceedingly  per- 
plexed him.  Though  nobody  was  near  enotujh  to  hear  the 
particulars,  j"et  her  often  mentioning,  in  the  pains  she 
endured,  the  blood  her  father  had  spilt,  made  people  con- 
clude that  she  had  presented  his  worst  actions  to  his  con- 
sideration. And  though  he  never  made  the  least  show 
of  remorse  for  any  of  those  actions,  it  is  very  certain 
that  either  what  she  said,  or  her  death,  affected  him  won- 
derfully." 

Four  days  after  Dr.  Hewett's  execution,  and 
speaking  of  the  plot  in  which  he  was  concerned, 
Lady  Claypole  wrote  to  her  sister-in-law  :  — 

"  Trulj'  the  Lord  has  been  very  gracious  to  me,  in  de- 
livering my  father  out  of  the  hands  of  his  enemies,  which 
we  all  have  reason  to  be  sensible  of  in  a  very  particular 
manner;  for  certainly  not  only  his  family  would  have 
been  ruined,  but,  in  all  probability,  the  whole  nation 
would  have  been  involved  in  blood." 

Judge  then  whether,  because  of  Dr.  Hewett's 
execution,  "  Mrs.  Claypole  took  such  excessive 
grief,  that  she  suddenly  feel  sick,  the  increase  of 
her  sickness  making  her  rave  in  a  most  lament- 
able manner,  calling  out  against  her  father  for 
Hewit's  blood,  and  the  like."  Besides,  the  nature 
of  Lady  Claypole's  illness  is  sufficient  evidence 
against  any  such  supposition. 

The  causes  assigned  for  Cromwell's  death  are 
legion.     Cowley  refers  his  death  to  the  effect  of 


'*  grief  and  discontent  because  he  coula  ^oj;  at, 
tain  to  the  honest  name  of  a  king."  Mr.  HirvETT 
to  Lady  Claypole's  reproaches.  Others,  to  j^q 
publication  of  "  Killing  no  Murder."  Shall  wt 
not  rather  look  to  the  wear  and  tear  of  Crom- 
well's position  ?  "  A  burden  too  heavy  for  man," 
as  he  himself  says,  weighing  him  down  to  the 
grave  in  his  sixtieth  year.  J.  G.  Morten. 

Cheara. 


Lady  Hewett,  widow  of  a  Lord  Mayor  of  York, 
shortly  after  the  Restoration,  occurs  several  times 
in  Hunter's  Li/e  of  Olive?'  Heywood,  and  at  her 
house  in  York  frequent  religious  meetings  and 
hazardous  preachings  were  held.  (p.  323.)  She 
was  a  Presbyterian  ;  and  Mr.  Heywood  records  in 
his  Diary,  that  in  bis  visits  to  Lancashire,  he 
"  collected  Lady  Hewett's  rents  at  Rochdale."  I 
wish  to  ascertain  her  maiden  name.  In  1669  O. 
Heywood  visited  "Alderman  Hewett  and  his  wife 
at  Wakefield."  (p.  212.)     AVho  were  they  ?        R. 


THE    BOOK    OF    SPORTS. 

(2°«  S.  viii.  414.) 

The  father  of  Peregrine  Philips  suffered  for  not 
reading  the  Booh  of  iSports,  commonly  called  the 
White  Book,  (Calamy's  Continuation,  &c.,  ed.  2, 
p.  841.) 

"  The  '  Pltbeyans  '  of  Lancashire,  being  incouraged  and 
heartened  by  some  Gentlemen  who  were  Popish  liecu- 
sants,  they  made  ill  use  of  the  king's  gracious  clemency; 
and  tliereupon  Bishop  Morton  made  his  humble  address 
unto  His  Majesty,  and  acquainted  him  with  sundry  par- 
ticulars of  their  abuse  of  His  well-meant  gracious  favour: 
Whereupon  it  pleased  His  Majesty  to  command  the 
Bishop,  to  adde  what  cautions  and  restrictions  he  thought 
fit  to  be  inserted  into  His  Majesties  Declaration  for  that 
purpose,  which  was  accordingly  done,  viz.  That  they  should 
have  no  liberty  for  recreation  till  after  Evening  Prayer : 
That  they  should  have  no  Beare-baiting  nor  any  such  un- 
laivfull  sports  :  And  that  no  Recusant,  who  came  not  to 
Morning  and  Eveniny  Prayers,  should  be  capable  of  such 
His  Royall  indulgence  at  all"  (^Bishop  3Iorton's  Life, 
York,  1659,  pp.  60—62.) 

Among  those  who  refused  to  read  the  declara- 
tion I  find  the  name  of  Twisse.  (Sam.  Clarke's 
Lives  of  Eminent  Divines,  1683,  pp.  16,  17.) 

Among  the  "  third  sort"  of  ministers,  who  hit 
upon  what  Fuller  calls  the  "  strange  expedient  of 
reading  the  declaration  and  then  preaching  against, 
it,"  were  Jephcot  (Calamy's  Account,  2d  ed.  p. 
113.),  and  Biirtlet,  by  Bishop  Hall's  advice.  (Id. 
Contin.  p.  239.) 

If  ScoTus  cares  to  pursue  his  investigations 
farther,  the  following  references  respecting  the 
Declaration  of  1633  are  much  at  his  service. 
Clarke  (as  above),  pp.  162,  170.;*  Id.  Lives  of 

*  The  book  has  two  pages  numbered  170.  That  which 
we  are  concerned  with  is  the  sermid,  in  the  Life  of  Fair- 
cloiigh. 


2»*  S.  VIII.  Dtc.  3.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


457 


Thirty-two  Divines  (1677,  a  different  book),  pp, 
136,  156,  '^^^»  265,  405  ;  and  Clarke's  Own  Life 
(before  'he  same  book),  pp.  6,  7.;  Calamy's  Ac- 
count p-  588.  ;  Heylin's  Life  of  Laud,  pp.  241, 
sec;  246,  5^5'.;  Stage  Condemned,  and  the  En- 
Muragemeiits  given  to  the  Immoralities  of  the  The- 
atre, King  Charles  I.'s  Sunday's  Mask  and  Decla- 
ration for  Sports  and  Pastimes  on  the  Sabbath, 
largely  related  and  animadverted  upon.    1698.  8vo. 

Very  instructive  monographs  might  be  written 
on  the  various,  for  the  most  part  singularly  un- 
fortunate, measures  of  the  Stuart  family  in  rela- 
tion to  the  Church  and  Puritanism.  With  regard 
to  these  declarations,  it  is  certain  that  they  must 
be  mentioned  in  not  a  few  of  our  old  parish  re- 
gisters. If  your  clerical  readers  will  extract 
such  notices  as  they  may  find  under  the  years 
1618  and  1633  bearing  on  the  Sabbatarian  con- 
troversy, they  will  throw  light  upon  a  period  of 
church  history  of  which  too  little  is  known,  and 
upon  a  subject  which  certainly  cannot  be  said  to 
have  lost  all  interest  for  our  time. 

J.  E.  B.  Mator. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


BOTDELLS  SHAKSPEABE  GAtXERT. 

(2"^  S.  viii.  50.  97.  313.) 

I  have  before  me  a  plan  of  the  Shakspeare 
Lottery  to  which  H.  M.  refers  in  his  inter- 
esting communication  on  the  above  subject.  It 
is  too  long  to  transcribe,  consisting  of  four  8vo. 
pages,  but  a  few  particulars  from  it  may  be  ac- 
ceptable, as  conveying  an  idea  of  the  cost  of  the 
undertaking :  — 

The  number  of  tickets  to  be  22,000  at  three 
guineas  each. 

The  capital  prizes  are  the  sixty-two  tickets  first 
drawn ;  holders  of  undrawn  tickets  to  receive 
prints  to  the  estimated  value  of  one  guinea.  The 
capital  prizes  and  prints  to  be  obtained  by  the 
holders  of  the  22,000  tickets  amount  to  upwards 
of  69,300Z.,  according  to  the  prime  cost  proved 
before  both  houses  of  parliament;  where  evidence 
was  also  given  that  the  copper- plates,  engraved 
from  the  pictures  and  drawings  that  constitute 
the  following  prizes,  had  cost  Messrs.  Boydell  up- 
wards of  300,000Z. 

The  whole  may  be  viewed  at  the  Shakspeare 
Gallery,  —  admittance  one  shilling  —  such  exhibi- 
tion being  reserved  to  Messrs.  Boydell  by  the 
Act. 

The  Catalogue  of  the  Shakspeare  pictures  to  be 
had  as  above,  at  one  shilling  and  sixpence  each, 
and  the  Alphabetical  Catalogue  at  the  same  price. 
Both  Catalogues  may  be  seen  and  inspected  at  the 
Gallery,  and  at  SO.  Cheapside. 

The  first  twenty- six  prizes  consisted  of  a  mis- 
cellaneous collection  of  "pictures framed,"  amongst 


which  were  the  Dfeath  of  Major  Pierson  by  Cop- 
ley, R.A.,  and  Sigismonda  by  Hogarth ;  and  thirty 
pictures  painted  from  the  large  Shakspeare  ones 
for  artists  to  engrave  from. 

27.  to  45.  consisted  of  drawings. 

46.  to  60.  Prints,  and  books  with  prints. 

One  of  these  lots  consisted  of  Boydell's  Shak- 
speare, nine  vols.,  with  plates,  and  one  imperial 
folio  vol.  of  the  large  plates,  in  Russia. 

61.  Twenty-eight  large  drawings  by  Richard 
Westall,  R.A.,  in  colours,  for  the  poetical  works 
of  Milton,  and  from  which  the  plates  were  en- 
graved. 

62.  The  whole  of  the  large  pictures  now  exhi- 
biting, and  from  which  the  large  plates  have  been 
taken ;  also  the  whole  of  the  small  pictures,  from 
which  the  plates  have  been  engraved  for  the  em- 
bellishment of  the  great  national  edition  of  Shak- 
speare in  nine  vols,  folio ;  also  seven  pictures  of 
the  Ages  by  Smirke,  R.A. ;  together  with  all  the 
estate,  right,  and  interest  of  Messrs.  Boydell  in 
these  premises,  which  were  erected  by  them,  and 
in  which  they  hold  an  unexpired  term  of  sixty- 
four  years  at  a  ground  rent  of  1251.  per  annum. 

The  pictures  are  all  framed,  and  are  fully  de- 
scribed in  the  Shakspeare  Gallery  Catalogue,  and 
amount  in  the  whole  to  167  ;  besides  which  there 
are  three  supernumerary  pictures  which  are  not  in 
the  Catalogue,  and  which  have  not  been  engraved. 

This  prize  will  also  include  the  alto-relievo  in 
front  of  the  Gallery  by  T.  Banks,  R.A.,  and  two 
basso-relievos  by  the  Hon.  Anne  Dormer.  What 
is  given  in  this  last  prize  for  the  sixty-second 
drawn  -ticket  has  cost  the  proprietors  upwards  of 
30,000Z. 

The  prints  for  holders  of  undrawn  tickets  to  be 
selected  by  William  Morland,  John  Soane,  and 
David  Davies,  who,  by  the  Act,  were  trustees  of 
the  property.  Charles  Wyue. 

One  of  Northcote's  pictures  belonging  to  this 
series  —  subject,  Richard  III.,  Act  HI.  Scene  I. 
—  is  in  the  County  Hall  in  this  town,  it  having 
been  presented  to  the  county  by  the  late  Walter 
Burrell,  Esq.,  long  one  of  the  knights  of  the  shire. 
Mark  Antony  Lower. 

Lewes. 


JAMES    ANDERSON. 

(2''<»  S.viii.  169.217.) 

In  reference  to  the  inquiries  relative  to  this 
very  meritorious  but  ill-used  gentleman,  it  may 
not  be  uninteresting  to  mention  that  from  time 
to  time  there  appeared  a  few  years  ago,  in  a  Kil- 
marnock paper,  a  selection  of  letters  written  either 
to  or  by  James  Anderson  and  his  family.  The 
provincial  journal  has  now  ceased  to  exist ;  but 
in  one  of  the  later  numbers  occurs  the  following 
abstract  of  the  life  of  Anderson,  by  Mr.  James 


458 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


L2"*  S.  Till.  Dec.  3.  '69. 


Paterson,  the  genealogical  historian  of  Ayrshire, 
and  author  of  numerous  valuable  works,  who  then 
was  the  editor. 

In  addition  to  Mr.  Patereon's  information,  it 
may  be  stated  that  Anderson's  niece  (see  No.  3.) 
was  the  mother  of  the  historian  Robertson,  who 
in  this  way  was  grand-neplfew  of  the  editor  of  the 
Diplomata  Scotice, — a  fact  not  hitherto  known. 

Of  the  descendants  of  Anderson,  who  had 
several  sons  and  daughters,  nothing  satisfactory 
has  been  discovered.  The  late  amiable  Scotch 
judge  (Lord  Anderson)  —  whose  unexpected  de- 
mise was  a  source  of  deep  regret  to  those  who 
knew  him,  and  a  serious  loss  to  Scotland,  for  a 
better  or  more  upright  lawyer  never  sat  on  the 
bench,  —  once  mentioned,  shortly  before  his  death, 
that  he  understood  he  was  a  descendant  of  the 
"  Diplomata  Man,"  as  he  good-humouredly  called 
him,  and- he  was  to  make  some  inquiries  on  the 
subject,  which  were  frustrated  by  his  untimely 
death. 

Besides  what  is  to  be  found  in  Mr.  Maidment's 
Analecta  ScoticB  (2  vols.  8vo.)  —  a  work  now  en- 
tirely out  of  print  —  incidental  notices  relative  to 
Anderson  occur  in  Charteris's  Catalogue  of  Scotch 
Winters,  8vo.,  printed  by  Mr.  T.  G.  Stevenson 
several  years  since,  and  the  Ahbotsford  Miscel- 
lany. 

Materials  exist,  especially  in  the  Library  of  the 
Faculty  of  Advocates,  for  a  very  curious  and  in- 
teresting literary  history  of  Scotland  about  the 
period  of  the  Union.  J.  M. 

"the  'ANDERSON  PAPERS.' 
"  A  SERIES  of  papers,  under  the  above  title,  have  ap- 
peared in  our  columns  for  some  time  back.  Repeated 
queries  have  been  put  to  us  —  who  was  Anderson  ?  and 
what  is  the  object  or  interest  of  the  documents  pub- 
lished? Such  questions,  we  regret  to  say,  do  not  argue 
much  for  the  knowledge  abroad  as  to  the  history,  anti- 
quities, or  eminent  men  of  Scotland.  With  regard  to  the 
first  query  —  we  might  simply  refer  the  reader  to  any  of 
our  popular  Scottish  Biographies  for  an  outline  of  his  life 
and  literary  and  antiquarian  labours:  but  it  may  be  more 
satisfactorj'  to  offer  a  brief  resumd  of  the  leading  facts. 

"  James  Anderson,  the  son  of  a  clergyman,  was  born 
in  1662.  He  studied  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh, 
and,  after  serving  an  apprenticeship  to  the  law,  with  Sir 
Hugh  Paterson  of  Bannockburn,  became  a  W.S.  in  1691. 
He  was  successful  in  his  profession  —  a  profession  which 
affords  numerous  opportunities  of  studying  ancient  docu- 
ments. He  became  fond  of  research  in  this  way;  but 
might  have  remained  comparatively  obscure,  but  for  a 
circumstance  which  occurred  during  the  well  known  ex- 
citement consequent  on  the  proposed  Union  between 
England  and  Scotland.  In  17()4,  while  feeling  ran  high, 
an  English  lawyer,  of  the  name  of  Attwood,  published  a 
pamphlet,  reviving  the  claims  of  Edward  I.  to  the  Crown 
of  Scotland,  with  many  insulting  sneers  at  the  pretension 
of  Scottish  independence.  The  author  even  went  so  far 
as  to  quote  the  authority  of  Mr.  Anderson  respecting 
certain  ancient  documents  to  which  he  referred.  Thus 
drawn  out,  and  with  the  honour  of  his  country  warmly 
at  heart,  the  latter  resolved  upon  taking  up  the  question. 
Accordingly,  in  1705,  he  produced  an  '  Essay,  showing 
that  the  Crown  of  Scotland  is  Imperial  and  Indepen- 


dent.' This  work  was  peculiarly  well-t^nied.  The  nation 
was  greatly  excited  by  the  project  of  rh»  Union,  and 
jealous  of  anything  that  savoured  of  subjection  to  Eng-  . 
land.  Besides  a  pecuniary  reward,  the  Scottisti  Parlia- 
ment passed  a  vote  of  thanks  to  Mr.  Anderson,  whin  the 
work  of  his  opponent,  Attwood,  and  others  of  a  sim*jir 
character,  were  ordered  to  be  burned  by  the  commou 
hangman.  Jn  the  production  of  the  '  Essay  '  the  author 
had  recourse  to  numerous  charters,  copies  of  most  of 
which  were  appended  by  way  of  reference.  The  sub- 
stantial applause,  thus  heaped  upon  Anderson,  induced 
him  to  abandon  his  business  altogether,  and  to  devote 
himself  exclusivelj'  to  the  elucidation  of  written  national 
antiquities.  He  projected  the  publication  of  a  series  of 
fac-similes  of  charters  prior  to  the  reign  of  James  I.  In 
1706,  Parliament  granted  him  SOO/.  in  aid  of  the  under- 
taking. This  small  sum,  however,  was  as  a  mere  drop 
in  the  bucket  for  so  expensive  and  herculean  a  task.  By 
March  next  j-ear  he  had  expended  not  only  the  sum 
voted  by  Parliament,  but  690/.  drawn  from  his  own  re- 
sources. Parliament,  however,  approved  of  what  he  had 
done,  and  recommended  Queen  Anne  to  grant  an  addi- 
tional contribution  of  1050/.  Almost  the  last  act  of 
grace  of  the  Scottish  Estates  was  to  recommend  him  to 
her  Majesty  •  as  a  person  meriting  her  gracious  favour, 
in  conferring  any  office  or  trust  upon  him,  as  her  Majesty, 
in  her  royal  wisdom,  shall  thi<ik  fit.'  Anderson  now 
removed  to  London  to  superintend  the  engraving  of  his 
work.  The  money  voted  by  the  Scottish  Parliament  — 
no  longer  in  existence  —  was  never  paid.  By  way  of 
recompense,  apparently,  the  Postmaster-Generalship  of 
Scotland  was  conferred  upon  him ;  but  this  appointment 
he  was  only  allowed  to  retain  for  two  years — and,  as  will 
be  seen  from  his  claim — amongst  the  papers  which  follow 
—  he  did  not  even  receive  the  salary  appertaining  to  it. 
He  appears  to  have  been  compelled  to  halt  —  or,  at  all 
events  to  labour  slowly  —  in  his  great  undertaking.  In 
1718  he  is  found  advertising  that  those  who  wished  to 
patronise  it  '  could  see  specimens  at  his  house,  above  the 
post-ofiice  in  Edinburgh.'  In  1726  he  published  his  well- 
known  and  valuable  work  entitled  '  Collections  relating 
to  the  History  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scotland,'  in  two 
volumes,  which  was  speedily-  supplemented  b}'  other  two. 
The  original  documents  contained  in  this  collection  are 
invaluable.  George  Chalmers,  author  of  '  Caledonia,' 
insinuated  that  there  was  reason  to  question  his  honesty 
as  a  transcriber ;  but  such  insinuations  were  a  weakness 
of  Chalmers,  when  the  facts  of  a  case  did  not  happen  to 
chime  in  with  his  prejudices.  Anderson,  from  all  that  is 
known  of  his  character  and  enthusiasm  as  an  antiquary, 
was  incapable  of  such  trickery.  At  length,  in  1728,  in 
the  midst  of  hisgreat  but  unfinished  labours,  the  patriotic 
author  and  collector  died  of  apoplexy,  in  his  sixty-sixth 
year.  The  plates  were  sold  in  1729,  bj'  auction,  at  530/. 
At  length  the  work  was  brought  out  in  1737,  under  the 
care  of  the  celebrated  Thomas  Ruddiinan,  who  wrote  an 
elaborate  preface  for  it.  It  was  entitled  '  Selectus  Diplo- 
matum  et  Numismatum  Scotias  Thesaurus.' 

"  Such  is  our  answer  to  the  first  query.  The  second,  as 
to  the  object  and  interest  of  the  '  Anderson  Papers.' 
Little  is  known  of  the  family  history  of  Anderson  be- 
yond the  meagre  facts  communicated.  The  papers  which 
have  from  time  to  time  appeared  in  our  columns  throw 
considerable  light  on  his  career,  his  struggles,  and  his 
family  cares;  and  are  curious  and  interesting  not  onl\-  as 
eking  out  the  scanty  memoirs  of  one  of  the  most  distin- 
guished literarj'  antiquaries  of  which  Scotland  can  boast, 
but  in  conveymg  information  of  contemporarj'  persons 
and  events.  We  need  only  add,  that  these  papers,  as  well 
as  many  other  original  articles  which  have  appeared  and 
are  still  appearing  in  our  columns,  were  and  are  con- 
tributed by  a  distinguished  Edinburgh  literary  gentleman 


jfr'S.  VIII.  Dec.  3. '69,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


459 


and  antiquary,  to  whom  we  take  this  opportunity  of 
tendering  our  heartiest  thanks  for  the  interest  he  haa 
manifested  in  the  Journal  since  Ave  became  connected 
with  it :  — 

"  CONCLUSION  OK  THE   '  ANDEKSON  I'ArERS.' 
I. 

"  James  Anderson,  Esq.,  to  his  Son,  Mr.  Patrick  Anderson, 
at  Islay. 

"  Edin.,  Nov.  12,  1718. 
"  Mv  DEAREST  Peter, — I  WTote  you  this  day  fortnight 
that  poor  Eliza,  your  sister,  was  ill  of  a  fever,  but  had 
some  appearance  of  being  better,  but  she  fell  worse  next 
day,  and  was  in  very  great  distress,  and  continued  so, 
expecting  every  day  her  last,  till  this  day  se'ennight, 
when  her  fever  seemed  somewhat  abated;  but  the  day 
after,  the  fever  she  had  before  turned  into  another  sort  of 
fever.  The  first  was  languid  and  dangerous,  being  in  her 
spirits  —  sometimes  scarce  a  pulse  to  be  felt,  after  all 
means  by  blistering  was  used  for  her  recovery ;  but  the 
fever  that  succeeded  was  ardent,  and  a  high  pulse,  with 
ravings,  and  then  bleeding  was  used  to  allay  her  pulse. 
The  physicians  scarce  ever  observed  such  strange  turns 
of  a  fever.  Thus  she  continued  till  Monday  even.  What 
by  ravings  and  want  of  sleep  the  Fryday  before,  she  felt 
•calm  but  very  weak  and  sickish ;  the  ravings  still  con- 
tinued in  all  the  course  of  her  sickness.  Wliile  she  had 
intervals  she  was  very  .sensible,  and  expressed  her  great 
concern  for  the  welfare  of  her  soul,  and  not  concerned  in 
her  living.  Really  her  sense  and  expression  of  those 
things  were  beyond  expectation,  and  very  satisfying. 
She  gave  very  Christian  and  wise  exhortations  to  her 
sisters,  and  was  very  patient  under  an  inexpressible  load 
of  sickness.  Physicians,  ministers,  and  friends  attended 
her  very  carefull}*;  but  her  days  were  come,  so  she  gave 
up  her  spirit  to  Him  that  gave  it  on  Tuesday  evening  by 
eight  at  night.  Siie  was  sewing  with  Jenny  when  she 
first  found  ane  headache,  which  so  increased  on  her  that 
she  came  not  home,  but  went  to  Peggie's  *,  her  husband 
being  in  the  country,  and  stayed  that  night,  hoping  she 
would  be  better  next  da}',  but  the  fever  so  struck  her  at 
once  as  she  could  not  be  brought  home,  but  was  oblidged 
to  continue  there,  where  she  died.  You  may  easilj-  be- 
lieve this  created  us  great  trouble  and  vexation,  by 
comings  and  goings,  and  that  frequently  in  the  night 
time.  I  buried  her  this  morning  in  a  hearse,  with  coaches, 
having  a  very  decent,  creditable  company',  and  neither 
exceeded  nor  inclined  to  be  short  of  what  was  proper.  I 
must  own  mA'self  under  great  grief  and  concern  for  poor 
Liz,  who  was  a  well-disposed  child,  and  died  very  calmly 
and  sweetly.  Our  affection  is  scarce  known  till  tried,  and 
the  death  of  a  child  so  far  advanced  is  very  touching. 
By  what  I  hear  from  those  she  used  freedom  with,  she 
had  some  thoughts  and  impressions  she  would  not  live 
long,  and  just  as  in  writing  you  'tis  confirmed,  for  in  her 
pocket  is  found  two  little  pieces  of  print  about  death  and 
judgment.  From  her  inf^ancy  she  had  some  inclination 
to  what  was  serious  and  good.  My  dear  child's  company 
was  ever  pleasing  to  me,  and  now  it  would  be  veiy  com- 
fortable, so  I  hope  you  will  make  all  the  haste  you  can 
hither,  with  all  possible  convenience ;  and  you  need  not 
mournings  till  you  come  here,  where  j-ou  will  get  them 
more  conveniently,  and  where  you  are,  you  are  in  effect  a 
traveller;  and  en  the  way  j'ou  may  acquaint  Jeannie  of 
this  melancholy  news,  and  that  b\'  the  first  occasion  we 
will  send  her  mourning  gloves  and  head  dress.  The 
hurry  and  confusion  of  this  melanchoU'  affair  has  inter- 
rupied  me  from  doing  any  business  [tillQ  this  day  se*n- 
night,  when  Liz  had  some  respite. 

*  "Mr.  Crawford.    She  was  the  wife  of  the  Peerage 
writer." 


"  I  waited  on  the  Sheriff  and  went  fully  through 
Lauchlan's  affair,  and  discovered  where  the  stress  lay, 
which  I'm  to  advise  Mr.  Forbest,  and  I  hope  to  have  it 
readil}'  done  by  next  [weekl  ere  the  Sheriff  goe,  and 
will  then  write  to  Lauchlan,  who,  I  expect,  by  that  time 
may  be  at  Innerarj'.  - 

"  I  am  also  to  acquaint  j-ou  of  the  death  of  Ladj'  Neuk  *, 
who  died  this  day  fortnight  at  Anwick,  and  her  body  is 
brought  here  apd  buried.  Some  are  acting  another  scene. 
My  Lord  Garnock  f  and  your  cuzin,  Mally  Home,  mar- 
ried themselves  privately  on  Saturday  last.  Peggie  is  in 
great  trouble  lest  George  should  blame  her,  though  inno- 
cent. I  wish  he  may  behave  aright  without  irritating 
my  Lord ;  and  if  he  intend  to  be  concerned  in  my  Lord's 
affairs,  he  has  now  these  friends.  I  was  ignorant  of  any 
such  intention  till  an  hour  or  two  before  I  went  to  Mr. 
Home's  to  give  him  such  an  account  as  I  could  of  my 
Lord's  circumstances,  that  he  might  consider  his  daugh- 
ter's welfare. 

( Jb  be  contintied.) 


Wreck  of"  The  Dutibar''  (2°^  S.  viii.  414.)  — 
Your  correspondent  C.F.,  in  bis  Query,  has  erred 
in  many  little  matters  of  detail.  The  name  of 
the  ship  to  which  he  refers  was  "John  Dunbar" 
(not  Dunbar)  of  London;  was  of  1321  tons; 
sailed  from  London  in  May,  1857,  and  was 
wrecked  inside  the  South  Head  in  the  nook  or 
bay  near  Sydney  (not  Melbourne)  on  20  August, 
1857  (hot  27).  The  only  survivor,  shipped  in  the 
name  of  Anofino  Hayne,  described  himself  to 
be  a  native  of  Hamburgh,  and  at  the  time  of  en- 
gagement to  be  twenty-four  years  of  age. 

Subsequent  to  his  being  saved,  as  described  by 
C.  F.,  he  stated  his  name  was  "  Johnston,"  and 
ultimately  obtained  a  berth  on  shore  at  Sydney. 
Messrs.  Dunbar  &  Son,  of  Fore  Street,  Lime- 
house,  were  the  owners  of  the  ill- fated  ship,  and 
as  the  survivor  would,  under  the  "  Merchant  Ship- 
ping Act,  1854,"  be  entitled  to  his  wages  from  the 
date  of  engagement  to  the  time  of  the  wreck, 
those  gentlemen  would  ere  this  have  received  an 

♦  "The  small  property  of  Neuk  — called  by  Sibbald 
'  Higgins'  Nook'  —  belonged  to  a  family  of  the  name  of 
Higgins.  It  is  situated  on  the  Forth,  and  now  belongs  to 
John  Burn  Murdoch,  Esq.  of  Gartingaber.  It  is  said  that 
Higgins'  family  rose  by  smuggling,  and  the  country  peo- 
ple have  a  story  that  the  Neuk  was  haunted  by  'a  white^ 
lady '  —  no  doubt  a  rumour  circulated  by  the  proprietors* 
to  keep  away  intruders.  Could  the  'white  lady'  be 
meant  for  the  female  here  noticed  ?  Mr.  Murdoch  got  the 
estate  from  his  uncle,  Mr.  Higgins,  W.  S. 

t  "  Patrick,  second  baron  of  Garnock.  He  succeeded 
his  father  in  1708,  and  died  29th  May,  1733.  The  lady 
was  daughter  of  George  Home  of  Kello,  in  the  county 
of  Berwick.  She  was  grandmother  of  Lady  Mary  Lind- 
say Crawford,  the  last  of  that  branch,  on  whose  demise 
the  issue  of  the  second  baron  failed,  and  the  estates  went 
to  the  Eailof  Gla.sgow,  as  descended  from  Margaret,  who 
married  David,  first  Earl  of  Glasgow,  and  who  was  a 
daughter  of  the  Hon.  Patrick  Lindsay,  who  took  the 
name  of  Crawford  on  his  marriage  with  the  heiress  of 
Kilbernie. 


460 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  Vlll.  Dkc.  3.  XA, 


application  for  the  amount  thus  due,  and  might 
possibly  be  in  possession  of  farther  particulars. 

EvERABs  Home  Coleman. 
79.  Wood  Street,  Cheapside. 

"  The  Bill  of  Michael  Angelo "  (2"'>  S.  viii. 
398.)  —  Mb.  Cuthbebt  Bede  gravely  seems  to 
think  that  the  witty  Henry  Luttrell,  in  his  Advice 
to  Julia,  alludes  to  the  great  Michael  Angelo, 
painter,  architect,  sculptor,  and  engineer,  in  his 
two  lines  — 

"  And  see,  to  aid  thee  in  the  blow, 
The  bill  of  Michael  Angelo." 

Mb.  C.  Bede  appears  not  to  have  heard  of  Mr. 
Michael  Angelo  Taylor  being  a  Member  of  Par- 
liament, and  who,  though  in  stature  a  very  small 
man,  thought  himself  a  very  great  man,  and  quite  as 
great  as  his  namesake,  though  he  certainly  was 
not  so.  He  was,  however,  a  very  honourable 
good  fellow,  and  a  very  active  busy  member  of 
the  House  of  Commons.  He  introduced  many 
bills  into  the  House,  some  of  which  became  Acts, 
and  were  useful;  amongst  others,  one  relating 
to  '■'■  gas  lighting,"  and  to  this  my  old  friend 
Luttrell  alludes  in  the  above  lines. 

An  Old  Fbibnd  of  the  late  H.  Luttrell. 

Cotton's  "  Typographical  Gazetteer  "  (2°'^  S.  viii. 
395.) — I  am  glad  to  see  Corrections  and  Addi- 
tions to  my  l^ypographical  Gazetteer,  compiled  by 
literary  men  like  my  late  friend  Dr.  Bliss,  and 
hope  that  more  such  will  be  given  to  the  public. 

Although  I  am  now  far  removed  from  the  best 
sources  of  information  of  that  kind,  I  have  not 
failed  to  mark  down  such  fresh  notices  as  have 
fallen  in  my  way ;  and  at  present  could  add  to  the 
printed  book  about  three  hundred  new  places,  in 
which  printing  has  been  carried  on  abroad,  besides 
upwards  of  four  hundred  in  England,  Wales,  &c. 

I  have  also  carried  back  the  dates  of  its  intro- 
duction into  about  one  hundred  and  seventy 
places,  including  several  of  those  mentioned  in  the 
last  number  of''  N.  &  Q."  Of  course  but  few  of 
these  relate  to  books  of  the  fifteenth  century. 

Henry  Cotton. 

Thurles. 

The  Princess  Borghese  (2'"'  S.  viii.  417.)— The 
following  information  may  be  useful  to  W.  S  ,  who 
inquires  for  some  particulars  of  the  death  of  the 
above  lamented  princess.  She  died  at  Rome, 
October  27,  1840,  being  carried  off  rapidly  by 
quinsey.  Besides  the  Sermon  at  her  funeral  by 
the  Rev.  Dr.  Baggs,  and  the  French  pamphlet  on 
her  death  by  Pere  de  Geramb,  a  long  and  beauti- 
ful account  of  her  life  and  virtues,  death  and 
funeral,  appeared  in  The  Tablet  of  November  28, 
1840,  from  the  able  pen  of  Bishop  Baines,  signed 
P.  A.  B.  In  the  same  paper  for  December  5, 
will  be  found  another  letter,  containing  many 
other  particulars,  written  with  great  feeling  and 


eloquence,  and  apparently  by  Dr.  Weedall,  though 
it  has  no  signature.  A  long  and  beautifully  writ- 
ten letter  by  the  afflicted  father  of  the  princess, 
the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury,  was  privately  sent  round 
soon  after  her  death  by  his  lordship  to  his  friends, 
containing  all  particulars  of  her  last  illness  and 
death.  The  writer  of  these  lines  had  the  happi- 
ness of  receiving  it,  in  his  turn,  by  direction  of 
his  lordship,  but  could  not  take  a  copy.  It  passed 
on  to  various  select  friends,  and  if  it  could  be 
procured  it  would  materially  aid  the  researches  of 
your  correspondent.  But  I  have  no  idea  where 
it  is  now  to  be  found.  F.  C.  H. 

^'■An  Austrian  Army  Awfully  Arrayed"  (2°''  S.  viii. 
412.)  —  I  believe  these  alliterative  lines  appeared 
in  a  Westminster  periodical,  the  rival  of  the 
Microcosm;  consequently  of  the  date  of  Canning's 
Etonian  career.  J.  H.  L. 

I  fancy  my  memory  does  not  play  me  false 
when  it  leads  me  to  attribute  this  clever  jeu 
d'esprit,  which  certainly  loses  nothing  by  compa- 
rison with  its  imitations,  to  the  late  Mr.  Poulter, 
Prebendary  of  Winchester,  &c.    C.  W.  Bingham. 

Prince  Charles'  Journey  to  Wales  (2"*  S.  viii. 
323.)  —  With  reference  to  Me.  Trench's  Note 
on  former  Pi-inces  of  Wales,  and  his  notice  of  the 
arms  and  motto  of  the  Prince  of  Wales  being  in- 
scribed on  one  of  the  bells  in  Islip  church,  which 
he  with  good  reason  connects  with  the  journey  of 
Charles  I.  when  Prince  of  Wales  to  Spain,  I 
would  mention  another  very  decided  case  in  proof 
of  the  great  interest  felt  for  his  safety  on  that  oc- 
casion. 

At  Groombridge,  near  Tunbridge  Wells,  there 
is  a  chapel,  which  was  built  by  one  of  the  old 
family  of  Parker  in  commemoration  of  his  happy 
return.  The  inscription  over  the  porch  of  the 
chapel  is  as  follows  :  — 

"DO  M. 

S. 

Ob  fselicissimum  Caroli 

Principis,  Ex 

Hispaniis  Reditum 

Sacellum  Hoc 

DD. 

16    J   p    25." 

R.  W.  B. 

Arithmetical  Notation  (2'"i  S.  viii.  411.) —  No- 
thing is  more  common  than  the  distinction  of 
number  into  digitus,  articulus,  and  composittis,  for 
which  compotus  is  a  MS.  contraction.  Probably 
the  first  word  of  the  extract,  computa,  is  con- 
tracted from  computata.  Old  Sacrobosco  lays  it 
down  that  digitus  is  1,2,  3,  &c.  ;  articulus  is  10, 
20,  30,  &c. ;  and  compositus  is  11,  or  23,  or  36,  &c. 
Lucas  Pacioli  will  not  follow  him  entirely,  but 
defines  composite  to  be  made  by  multiplying  fac- 
tors, as  24  (6x4),  &c.  And  this  sense  has  pre- 
vailed.     Computus  and  compotus  meant  usually 


2°a  S.  VIII.  Dec.  3.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


461 


time  reckonings,  or  almanacs ;  as  in  the  Com,' 
putus  Ecclesiasticus  of  Sacrobosco  himself.  To 
compute,  in  the  modern  sense  (a  very  old  modern 
sense)  is  derived  from  thumbing  the  almanac, 
not  the  abacus.  Some  old  vernacular  works, 
English  and  others,  distinguish  the  digit  from  the 
articulate  number.  The  word  articidus  seems  to 
indicate  that  after  the  digits  had  been  reckoned 
on  the  finger  ends — taking  up  the  name  of  the 
whole  finger,  as  first  tenants  —  the  tens  were 
reckoned  on  the  joints.  It  should  be  noted  that 
Sacrobosco  means  by  articulus  any  number  divi- 
sible into  tens,  as  100,  1000,  200,  5000,  &c. 

A.  Db  MofiGAN. 

Figures  cut  on  Hill  Sides  (2°'*  S.  viii.  400.)  — 
Amongst  other  gigantic,  or  conspicuous  figures 
cut  on  hill  sides,  if  last,  yet  surely  not  least,  must 
be  commemorated  the  far-famed  Giant  of  Cerne  in 
Dorsetshire  —  the  Baal  Durotrigensis  of  Mr.  Sy- 
denham—  the  Cenric,  son  of  Cuthred  of  Hutchins, 
— standing,  or  rather  lying,  180  feet  in  height,  and 
bearing  a  club  120  feet  long.  Nor  must  the  co- 
lossal White  Horse  of  Bratton,  near  Westbury, 
in  Wiltshire,  be  forgotten  —  an  effigy  which  pro- 
bably dates  from  Saxon  times.  Nor  —  since  your 
correspondent  does  not  limit  his  inquiry  to  an- 
cient monuments — the  equestrian  figure  of  good 
old  King  George  III.,  ambling  over  the  Downs  at 
Osmington,  near  Weymouth.        C.  W.  Bingham. 

"  Death  of  the  Fox''  (2"^  S.  viii.  415.)— I  think 
this  has  already  been  answered  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
Scott  wrote  some  bad  lines,  which  were  sung  at  a 
dinner  given  on  the  termination  of  Lord  Melville's 
trial.     One  stanza  ends  : 

"  But  the  Brewer  (Whitbread)  we'll  boax, 
Tally-ho  to  the  '  Fox.' 
Here's  Melville  for  ever,  as  long  as  we  live." 

Scott's  political  friends  always  asserted  he  was 
not  aware  at  the  time  Mr.  Fox  was  dyinir. 

J.  H.  L. 

"  Tally-ho  to  the  Fox  "  is  the  last  line  but  one 
of  a  song  of  eight  stanzas,  written  by  Scott,  and 
sung  by  Ballantine  at  a  public  dinner  in  Edin- 
burgh on  the  27th  June,  1 806.  The  occasion  was 
the  acquittal  of  Lord  Melville.  (See  Lockhart's 
Scott,  the  1  vol.  ed.  p.  142.)  Fox,  who  had  recently 
come  into  power,  died  on  Sept.  13,  that  year, — 
an  event  which  Scott  could  not  of  course  foresee, 
though  it  was  made  the  ground  of  attack  upon 
him.  H. 

Writers  bribed  to  Silence  (2"*  S.  viii.  415.)  —  I 
well  recollect  the  numerous  caricatures  which  ap- 
peared at  the  time  of  the  notorious  Mary  Anne 
Clarke's  connexion  with  the  Duke  of  York  :  one, 
by  Rowlandson,  illustrated  the  bribe  to  silence. 
It  represented  a  large  fire,  burning  an  immense 
pile  of  her  books,  and  servants  coming  in  loaded 
with  fresh   copies  to  be   thrown  upon  the  fire. 


Mrs.  Clarke  stood  over  the  fire,  urging  on  the 
consumption,  and  exclaiming:  "Burn  away!  I 
would  burn  the  universe  for  the  money.  Not  a 
single  copy  in  print  or  manuscript  to  be  pre- 
served, except  a  copy /or  Dr.  O'Meara  and  a  few 
private  friends^  1  think  the  sum  she  had  re- 
ceived appeared  in  a  scroll  in  her  hand  ;  but  this 
I  do  not  clearly  remember,  as  I  do  the  rest  of  the 
caricature,  which  was  very  clever  both  in  design 
and  execution.  F.  C.  H. 

"  Cock  an  Eye"  (2°*  S.  viii.  417.)— I  have  not 
read  the  Minister's  Wooing,  but  the  phrase  "  cock 
your  eye"  is  not  at  all  an  uncommon  one  in  York- 
shire— meaning,  "  direct  your  eye,  give  a  glance." 
Cockeyed  also  means  squint-eyed.  There  is  a 
curious  epigram  in  the  Elegant  Extracts,  which, 
as  illustrating  a  kindred  plirase,  may  be  worth 
reprinting :  — 

"  As  Dick  and  Tom  in  fierce  dispute  engage, 
And  face  to  face,  the  noisy  contest  wage; 
'  Don't  cock  your  chin  at  me,'  Dick  smartly  cries. 
'  Fear  not,  his  head's  not  charged,'  a  friend  replies." 

J.  Eastwood. 

Brass  at  West  Herling  (2"''  S.  viii.  417.)— The 
expression,  "  et  pro  quibus  tenentur,"  is  fre- 
quently met  with  on  sepulchral  brasses.  It  may 
mean,  as  explained  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  "  for  the  souls 
of  those  for  whom  it  was  the  duty  of  the  deceased 
while  living  to  pray ;"  but  I  believe  it  bears  a 
more  decided  meaning,  and  has  immediate  refer- 
ence to  the  condition  of  the  deceased.  Catholics 
pray  for  the  dead,  in  case  their  souls  should  be 
detained  in  Purgatory  for  smaller  sins  or  neglected 
satisfactions.  I  incline,  therefore,  to  explain  the 
expression  in  this  sense  :  —  Pray  for  the  remis- 
sion of  those  faults /br  which  they  are  detained  for 
a  time  in  a  state  of  suffering.  It  may  be  objected 
that  this  is  sufliciently  conveyed  by  the  preceding 
admonition  to  pray  for  their  souls ;  but  it  may  be 
considered  as  an  additional  exhortation  to  perform 
works  of  satisfaction,  and  fulfil  obligations  for 
them,  and  for  their  intention,  praying  the  divine 
mercy  to  accept  them  in  their  favour.       F.  C.  H. 

What  sort  of  Animal  was  the  Bugle  ?  (2'"*  S. 
viii.  400.)  —  Bugle  and  bufle  are  quite  distinct 
words,  although  perhaps  from  the  same  root. 
Bufle  or  bouffle  is  from  bubalus  (jSoujSoAos),  while 
bugle  is  from  buculus,  for  huvicidus,  dim.  of  bus, 
bous  (/Sous).  R.  S.  Chabnock. 

Abdias  Assheton  (2°<*  S.  viii.  3.36.  408.)— In  The 
Journal  of  Nicholas  Assheton  of  Downham,  Esq., 
for  1617  and  1618,  edited  by  the  Rev.  Canon 
Raines,  M.A.,  F.S.A.,  for  the  Chetham  Society 
(1848),  are  several  interesting  notices  of  this 
learned  divine  (pp.  103-4.).  He  was  son  of  the 
Rev.  John  Assheton,  rector  of  Middleton  (ob. 
1584),  and  a  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge.    He  ob.  8th  Nov.  1633,  tct.  seventy- five, 


462 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"*  S.  YIII.  Dbc.  3.  '69. 


and  was  buried  at  Middleton,  near  his  father,  in 
the  rector's  chapel.  His  will  was  proved  at  York 
and  at  Chester.  R. 

Herhe  d'Or  (2'">  S.  viii.  424.)  — There  is  a  He- 
Hanthemum  (H.  tuberarium)  which  grows  much 
in  Provence,  and  might  almost  be  said  to  bear  "  a 
spike  of  flowers"  of  a  bright  gold  colour.  Can 
this  be  the  Herbe  d' Or  inquired  after  by  F.  C.  B.? 
Probably  the  Count  Hersart  de  Villemarque  would 
inform  him  whether  the  HeliantTiemum  tuberarium 
is  found  wild  in  Brittany  ?  C.  B. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

A  Manual  of  the  English  Constitution ;  with  a  Review  of 
its  Rise,  Growth,  and  Present  State.  By  David  Kowland. 
(Murray.) 

In  this  well-printed  volume  of  moderate  size,  Mr.  Row- 
land presents  us  with  a  carefully  compiled  and  well-con- 
sidered Introduction  to  the  history  of  the  Rise  and  Pro- 
gress of  the  English  Constitution  down  to  the  period  of 
the  Revolution,  when,  as  he  observes,  "  our  political 
institutions  had  acquired  all  the  elements  of  their  present 
maturit3'."  From  this  Mr.  Rowland  proceeds  to  describe 
and  explain  the  rights,  duties,  and  mutual  action  of  these 
institutions  in  the  modified  form  in  which  they  now  exist. 
The  book,  therefore,  it  will  be  seen,  is  one  which  may  be 
read  with  advantage,  either  as  an  introduction  to  Mr. 
Hallam's  learned  and  more  extensive  work,  or  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  it,  by  those  who  have  not  time  to  study  the 
great  historian's  Constitutional  History  of  England, 

Memoirs  of  the  Life  and  Labours  of  the  Rev.  Jeremiah 
Horrox,  Curate  of  Hoole,  near  Preston,  to  which  is  ap- 
pended a  Translation  of  his  celebrated  Discourse  upon  the 
Transit  of  Venus  across  the  Sun.  By  the  Rev.  A.B.  What- 
ton,  B.A.,  LL.B.     (Wertheim  &  Macintosh.) 

We  were  greallj'  interested  a  short  time  since  by  a 
paper  in  The  Athenceum,  in  which  attention  was  called 
to  the  labours  of  tiiis  comparatively  unknown  English 
worthj' — that  is,  unknown  to  the  generality  of  his  coun- 
trymen— for  "  the  pride  and  boast  of  British  astronomy," 
as  Sir  John  Herschel  calls  him,  is  of  course  well-known 
to  the  scientific  world.  To  that  world  the  present  Memoir 
will  be  very  acceptable.  It  is  one  in  every  way  credit- 
able to  the  writer,  both  for  the  manner  in  which  it  is 
executed,  and  for  the  feeling  which  induced  him  to  un- 
dertake it.  ' 

Le  Tombeau  de  Childeric  L,  Roi  des  Francs,  restitu^  a 
Vaide  de  V Archaologie  et  des  Decouvertes  ricentes  faites 
en  France,  en  Belgique,  en  Suisse,  en  Allemagne,  et  en  An- 
gleterre.  Far  M.  L'Abbe  Cochet,  etc.  (Williams  & 
Norgate.) 

■  The  name  of  the  Abbe  Cochet  is  a  security  for  the  great 
amount  of  antiquarian  learning  which  will  be  found  in  a 
volume  which  bears  that  name  upon  its  title-page.  The 
present,  which  is  devoted  to  the  historical  and  archseo- 
logical  illustration  of  that  remarkable  monument  of  me- 
diaeval art,  the  tomb  of  Childeric  —  so  strangely  brought 
to  light  in  the  city  of  Tournai  on  the  morning  of  the 
27th  May,  1653  —  is  one  especially  interesting  to  English 
students,  from  the  manner  in  which  the  Abb^  illustrates 
from  cognate  remains  in  this  country  the  subject  of  his 
researches;  no  less  than  for  the  skill  with  which  he 
makes  the  interesting  relics  of  the  long  buried  monarch 
throw  light  upon  the  arts  and  social  condition  of  the  age 
in  which  he  lived. 


Books  Received. — 

The  Archceology  of  Berkshire.  An  Address  delivered  to 
the  Archceological  Association  at  Neiobury.  By  the  Earl  of 
Carnarvon.     (Murraj'.) 

This  graceful  exposition  of  the  value  of  archaeology  as 
a  study,  and  of  the  field  of  that  study  laid  open  in  his 
own  county,  is*  the  more  valuable  as  coming  from  one 
who  is  already  taking  high  place  among  our  statesmen. 

The  British  Almanac  for  1860 ;  and  Companion  to  the 
Almanac  or  Year  Book  of  General  Information  for  l^&Q, 
{The  Thirty-third  Year.)     (Knight  &  Co.) 

Full  of  information  alike  useful  to  the  man  of  business 
and  the  man  of  study. 

Chronicles  of  a  City  Church,  being  an  Account  of  the 
Parish  Church  of  St.  Dunstan-in-  the-East.  By  the  Rev. 
T.  B.  Murra\',  M.A.,  the  Rector.     (Smith,  Elder,  &  Co.) 

Honour  to  the  Rector  of  St.  Dunstan's-in-the-East,  for 
this  pleasant  little  memorial  of  his  spacious  church,  and 
the  curious  monuments  within  it!  The  book  is  pleasant 
and  gossiping,  and  we  hope  its  success  may  induce  in- 
cumbents of  other  Citj'  churches  to  follow  the  excellent 
example  set  them  by  Mr.  Murray. 

De  La  Rue's  Red- Letter  Diary  and  Improved  Memo- 
randum Book  for  1860.     (De  La  Kue  &  Co.) 

When  we  called  attention  recently  to  the  handsome 
Indelible  Diaries  and  Pocket  Calendars  issued  by  Messrs. 
De  La  Rue,  we  had  not  received  the  above,  which, 
equalling  in  getting  up  and  in  amount  of  information  the 
Diaries  and  Calendars,  are  more  particularly  adapted  for 
the  desk.  They  are  issued  in  two  sizes,  and  few  who 
have  once  found  their  value  will  ever  discontinue  their  use. 


BOOKS    AND    ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO   PCKCUASE. 

CtAVIS  HoRATIANA. 

Poetical  Grammar. 

«»•  Letters,  stating  particulars  and  lowest  price,  carriage  free,  to  be 

sent  to  Messrs.  Bbi.i,  &    Daldt,  Publishers  of  "  JMOTE8  ANO 

QUERIES,"  186.  Fleet  Street. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  tliey  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad" 
dresses  are  given  for  that  purpose. 
TypOGRAPHicAt  Antiquities,  by  Henry  Lemoine.     1797. 

Wanted  by  Henry  Jackson,  St.  James's  Row,  Sheffield. 


History  op  Eooware,  Stanmore,  or  Hendox;  or  the  three  combined. 
Wanted  by  Mr.  Joseph  Simpson, "  Chronicle  "  Office,  Edgware,  N.W. 


We  are  agaiJi  compelled  to  postpone  until  next  week  many  Papers  of 
considerable  interest. 

We  propose  to  publish  on  Saturday  the  nth  our 
CHRISTMAS  NUMBER, 
which  will  contain  many  Papers  appropriate  to  the  season. 

E.  D.  H.  Tennyson's  allusion  is  to  Margaret  Roper,  daughter  of  Sir 
T/tomas  More. 

E.  S.  J.  Edmund  Bolton  was  the  translator  ofFlorus's  Roman  Histo- 
ries, 1618, 1636.    See  Kippis's  Biog.  Britannlca,  art.  Bolton. 

R.  T.  The  following  work  speaks  for  itself :  "  Memoirs  of  the  Wars  of 
the  Cevennes  under  Col.  Cavallier,  in  defence  of  the  Protestants  perse- 
cuted in  that  Country ;  and  of  the  Peace  concluded  I'etween  him  and  the 
Mareschal  D.  of  Villa? s:  of  his  Conference  with  the  King  of  France, 
after  the  conclusion  of  the  Peace."    Lond.  Bvo.  1726, 2«d  edit.  1727. 

Francis  Roberts.  Most  biographical  Dictionaries  (except  Knight's') 
contain  an  account  of  Francis  Roberts,  the  Puritan  divine.  See  also 
Wood's  AthensB  Oxon.,  by  Bliss,  in.  1054. 

R.  Inblis.  In  Sir  C.  A.  Elton's  Tales  of  Romance  is  a  Monodrama 
entitled  "  Chiomara ; "  scene,  the  camp  of  the  Telisthoboii,    It  makes  four 

pages Lenau's  Faust's  Bream,  translated  in  J,  D.  Horrocks's  Poems, 

is  a  piece  in  heroic  metre. 

"  Notes  and  Qo-ehies"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
Issued  in  MoNxuLy  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  for 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (.including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  Us.  id.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  o/ Messrs.  Bell  and  DALi>r,186.  Fleet  Street,  E.Ct  to  whom 
aU  CoHMDwioATioirs  for  the  Editor  tliould  be  addressed. 


2nd  s.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


463 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  10.  1859. 


No.  206.  —  CONTENTS. 

KOTES  :_Lord  T.ovat  and  the  Invasion  in  1719,  463  — Ilunsrerford 
Family,  by  CI.  Hopp«r,  464  —  Book-notes  and  Fly-leaf  Scribblings, 
by  Joseph  Kix,  &o.,  76.  —  Mathematical  Bibliography,  by  James 
Cockle,  M.A.,  F.K.A.S.,  465. 

MiNon  Notes  :_ The  late  Duke  of  Wellinaton  — Mottoes  on  Rings  — 
"  Camden  Miscellany  "  —  Origin  of  the  Title  of  Vilaiu  Quatorze  — 
Unpublished  Letters,  466. 

QUERIES: —  Old  English  Plays,  by  J.  O.  Halliwell,  467  —  Aubrey 's 
"  Wiltshire  Antiquities,"  by  Rev.  J.  E.  Jackson,  lb. 

Minor  Queries: —Sea  Breaches  —  Peter  Tliellusson's  "Will  —  Provin- 
cial Printing  Presses  —  Lingard's  "  England :  "  Edinburgh  and  Quar- 
terly Reviewers  — Highland  Regiment  Rt  Battle  of  Leipsic  —  Regis- 
tration without  Baptism  —  Greek  Dial  —  Lightning  and  Fish  — 
"The  Misers,"  by  Quintia  Matsya  —  Pilgrim  Plowdeu  — "  Domiuus 
rcgnarit  il  ligno,"  Sc,  468. 

Minor  Qurries  with  A.vswkbs  : — irchbishop  Juxon  and  Family  — 
"  Elispirid"  — Flower  de  Luce  and  Toads  —  Colonel  Kirke  — Mary 
Queen  of  Scots—  Hildesley's  Poetical  Miscellanies,  471. 

REPLIES:  —  The  Early  Editions  of  Foxc's  Book  of  Martyrs,  by  J.  G. 
Nichols,  472  — Hildershara,  Arthur  and  Samuel,  by  Rev.  J.  E.  B. 

Mayor,  474  —  "  Syr  Tryamourc,"  by  Rev.  J.  Eastwood,  lb James 

Anderson,  475  —  Stratford  Family,  477. 

REPiins  TO  Minor  Qufriks  :  —  "It  "  for  "its"  or  "his"— The  Piny 
performed  in  Bishop  AVilliams'g  House  on  a  Sunday  —  Monumental 
Brasses  subsequent  to  1 688  —  Rubbings  of  Brasses  —  Bearded  Women 
—  Ix)max  or  Lomas  —  "  Cutting  one  s  Stick  "  —  "  Night,  a  Poem"  — 
"  The  Style  is  the  man  himself,"  &c.,  477. 

Notes  on  Books,  &c. 


J50te«f. 

tOKD   LOVAT   AND    THE    INVASION    IN    1719. 

On  Lord  Lovat's  trial,  in  1746,  it  was  charged 
against  him  by  the  Attorney- General,  as  proof  of 
'^^  general  disposition,  behaviour,  and  conduct," 
that  — 

"  In  1710,  when  a  Spanish  Invasion  was  undertaken  in 
favor  of  the  Pretender,  and  Spanish  Forces  were  actually 
landed  in  the  North,  the  Prisoner  thought  proper  to  en- 
gage in  it ;  and  while  the  Earl  of  Seaforth  was  raising 
his  men  to  assist  in  it,  the  prisoner  himself  wrote  a  letter 
to  that  Earl,  with  a  promise  to  join  him  with  his  clan ; 
but  before  he  had  actually  done  it,  that  attempt  was 
defeated." 

The  Lord  High  Steward  objected  to  receive 
evidence  on  a  point  not  charged  in  the  indict- 
ment, but  was  I  presume  overruled ;  for  the  wit- 
ness, Kobert  Chevis,  deposed  that  — 

"  Mj'  Lord  Lovat  told  me  of  a  letter  he  had  written  to 
the  late  Lord  Seaforth  [Lord  Seaforth  died  in  1740]  to 
encourage  and  desire  him  to  come  down  with  his  men ; 
and  that  he,  Lord  Lovat,  would  join  him  with  all  his,  in 
favor  of  the  Pretender.  ...  He  [Lovat]  said  the  letter 
was  first  shown  to  Chisholin  of  Knockford ;  and  after 
that  it  was  delivered  to  my  Lord  Seaforth.  .  .  .  Mr. 
Chisholm  made  affidavit  of  it,  which  was  sent  up  to 
Court. 

•'  Did  Lord  Lovat  acquaint  you  Avhether/'he  heard  of 
such  an  affidavit  being  transmitted  ?     '  He  did.' 

"  Did  he  tell  you  what  he  did  upon  that  occasion .' 

" '  That  he  went  immediately  to  Court,  and  got  him- 
self introduced  there.  And  Lady  Seaforth,  being  then  in 
London,  she  applied  to  him  to  do  something  in  favor  of 
her  son,  which  he  then  absolutely  refused  till  her  son 
should  return  him  that  letter,  which  being  done,  he 
shewed  it  to  a  certain  friend,  who  read  the  letter,  and 
who  told  him  that  there  was  enough  to  condemn  thirty 
lords  there,  and  threw  it  into  the  fire.' " 

Mr.  Burton,  in  his  interesting  and  able  Life  of 


Lord  Lovat,  tells  the  story  as  told  by  the  witness 
Chevis,  and  adds  :  "  All  traces  of  the  perilous 
communication  were  now  obliterated."  Not  "all," 
as  I  shnll  show.  Meanwhile  it  must  be  admitted 
that  this  hearsay — this  report  of  a  conversation  — 
ought  not  to  have  been  admitted  in  evidence 
against  a  man  on  trial  for  his  life  ;  and  assuredly 
the  affidavit  of  Chisholm  was  not  considered  as 
proof  in  1719:  for,  according  to  the  newspaper,. 
Lovat  was  so  successful  in  his  explanation,  that 
the  king  consented  to  stand  godfather  to  his  child,, 
and  named  Col.  Grant  his  proxy. 

Yet  that  the  evidence  of  Chevis  was  true,  is,  I 
think,  proved  by  the  letter  I  forward,  which  has 
unmistakable  traces  of  the  fact.  It  has  no  date 
and  no  address,  but  is  in  the  handwriting  of 
Lovat,  and  as  it  descends  to  us  from  the  Coun- 
tess of  Seaforth,  there  can  be  no  doubt  that  it 
was  addressed  to  her  son.  It  must  have  been 
written  after  Chisholm's  affidavit,  probably  after 
the  battle  of  Glenshields,  10th  June,  1719,  when 
Seaforth  was  at  hide  and  seek  and  endeavouring 
to  escape  to  France ;  and  Lovat's  postscript  —  "  I 
soon  go  from  this"  —  refers  probably  to  his  start- 
ing "  immediately  to  Court."  I  presume  that  the 
letter  had  not  been  returned  wh»n,  according  to 
the  evidence,  Lovat  was  in  London,  and  applied 
to  by  Seaforth's  mother.  It  is  certain  that  the 
lady  was  at  that  time  in  London  :  from  Jan.  1719 
to  Jan.  1721,  letters  were  addressed  to  her  at 
"Powis  House,  Ormond  Street,  London;"  and 
the  dangerous  document  was  probably  returned 
through  her,  as  stated  by  the  witness  Chevis. 
This,  however,  is  mere  speculation  :  but  I  can- 
not doubt  that  the  "certain  paper"  —  the  return, 
of  which  was  so  anxiously  requested  —  was  the 
letter  referred  to  by  Chevis,  and  named  in  the  affi- 
davit of  Chisholm  of  Knockford,  and  Chisholm 
was  probably  the  base  cousin. 

"  Dear  Cousin, — I  had  the  honor  of  yours,  and  I  never 
had  another  thought  of  you  but  that  you  was  a  man  of 
entire  honour  incapable  of  doing  any  ill  or  unhandsome- 
action  :  but  I  thouglit  that  if  by  chance  you  had  a  paper 
that  might  be  by  accident  troublesome  to  me,  you  would 
be  so  kind  and  just  as  to  send  it  me:  since  you  know 
that  I  gave  proofs,  and  always  will,  that  you  have  no  re- 
lation on  earth  that  loves  j-our  person  or  interest  better 
than  I  do.  However,  since  you  desire  the  relation  of 
your  cousin's  base  transactions,  as  the  reward  of  giving 
me  a  paper  that  would  please  me,  I  desire  that  you  send 
that  paper  as  soon  as  possible  to  the  bearer  of  your  last 
letter,  that  I  may  have  it ;  and  if  I  do  not  give  you  more 
satisfaction  than  j-ou  ever  can  get  by  another,  or  more 
than  you  know  or  can  expect,  then  I  will  not  blame  yoit 
to  say  of  me  what  j'ou  please ;  for  I  have  found  out  the 
secret  details  of  that  affair,  which  3-ou  could  never  ima- 
gine, which  is  abominable  before  God  and  man.  I  know 
she  and  he  did  aud  does  all  they  can  to  ruin  your  repu- 
tation, but  hundreds  will  tell  you  how  strenuously  I  stood 
up  for  you,  and  I  did  you  but  justice.  But  I  can  tell  you 
what  will  confound  both ;  but  it  must  be  on  the  two  con- 
ditions promised:  first,  that  I  get  up  a  certain  paper j 
and  next,  that  you  will  promise  upon  honor  never  to 
name  the  author  of  your  information,  though  I  fear  the 


464 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2-d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59. 


guilty  will  easily  get  it,  bat  let  him  guess  on  while  he 
cannot  prove ;  and  if  there  was  nothing  to  fear  but  him- 
self, I  would  own  it  to  his  face.  Adieu,  dear  cousin.  I 
am,  with  great  sincerity  and  an  affectionate  respect, 
yours  while  alive. 

"  I  go  soon  from  this,  so  the  matter  must  be  soon  ended 
if  you  please. 

"  LovAT." 

I  now  leave  the  question  for  the  consideration 
of  your  readers.  T.  R.  O. 


HUNGERFORD    FAMILY. 

In  Hungerford  Church,  co.  Berks,  is  a  curious 
incised  marble  slab  affixed  to  the  wall,  being  of 
one  of  the  family  of  De  Hungerford.  The  inscrip- 
tion is  a  quadrilateral  within  a  quatrefoil,  sur- 
rounded by  a  circle.  The  square  tablet  runs 
thus,  line  for  line:  — 

lijr  p  mons  ^obt  he  ^iugtrfml) 
timt  t\x  xl  wiura  (Et  p  Talme  he  Ig  ajji' 
SE  wtort  pritHT  snuli  tcni^  &  mx 
;qanlc  iaats  ht  jiarboit  uucnt  gr:tir 
it  ht  qatorsj  tusqcs*  tant  iour  il 
foist  en  bit '  par  tjuci  m  jiou  f  ht 
chxt'de  l^ater  tC-  §i&c 

The  inscription  upon  the  four  semicircles  of  the 
quatrefoil  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Per  dei  pat'  potenciam  per  filii  sapienciam  per  sci  sps 
clemeciam  vitam  possidere  bealam." 

The  circular  inscription  thus  :  — 

"  Quod  .  de  .  terra  .  svrrectvr' .  sv .  qd  .  i .  carne .  mea  . 
videbo  .  dev  .  salvatore  .  mev  .  qd  .  ds  .  pr  .  fili .  et .  spc  . 
SC3  .  st .  ds  .  vn'  .  qd  .  id  .  ds .  queqrh  .  scdm  .  opa  .  sva  . 
ivdicabit." 

At  the  points  where  the  quatrefoil  touches  the 
outer  circle  are  four  smaller  circles,  upon  each  of 
which  the  word  credo  is  thus  inscribed :  — 


D 


which  word  must  be  taken  before  every  sentence 
commencing  with  quod. 

The  tablet  has  suffered  much  from  wanton  de- 
facement, the  first-mentioned  square  inscription 
being  difficult  to  be  deciphered.  One  of  the 
spoilers  has  perpetuated  his  name  and  date  near 
the  bottom.     "  Willm  Yong,  1616." 

This  slab  formed  a  portion  of  the  tomb  of  Sir 
Robert  de  H.,  who  served  in  the  parliament  for 
the  county  of  Wilts,  9  Ed.  II.,  and  who,  although 
twice  married,  died  without  issue,  anno  28  Ed. 
III.  (1355).  He  gave  divers  lands  to  the  church 
of  St.  Leonard  at  Hungerford,  where  there  was  a 
chantry  founded  by  him.  His  remains  were  de- 
posited under  a  purfled  arch  with  a  tombstone, 

*  This  word  is  not  verj'  clear. 
t  Doubtful.     Query,  don  or  nou  ? 


whereon  was  once  his  figure  in  stone,  cross-legged, 
with  a  round  helmet  and  a  lion  at  his  fee*^. 

Lying  in  the  churchyard  at  the  present  time  is 
a  much-mutilated  figure,  which  would  correspond 
with  this  description,  as  far  as  its  lamentably  di- 
lapidated state  will  suffice  to  show.  None  of  the 
inhabitants  appear  to  know  to  whom  or  what  this 
appertained.  G  ough  (vide  Sepulchral  Monuments^ 
gives  the  inscription,  but  rather  inaccurately  as 
regards  the  orthography.  He  states  that  below 
the  square  inscription  were  the  arms  of  his  mother, 
Maud  Haytesbury :  per  pale  indented  gu.  and 
vert  a  chevron,  or.  This  is  now  wanting.  Le- 
thieuUier  (^Archceol.  vol.  ii.)  says  by  the  inscrip- 
tion having  no  date,  it  shows  it  was  set  up  in 
his  lifetime.  Query,  was  this  a  common  practice 
of  the  period  ?  Cl.  Hopper. 


BOOK-NOTES    AND    FLY-LEAF    SCRIBBLINGS. 

In  Sarum  MS.  fifteenth  century  :  — 

"  January.  Si  tonitruum  fuerit  habundantiam  frugum 
anno  significat. 

"  Mense  Febr.  Si  tonitruum  fuerit  eo  anno  maxime 
mortem  divitum  significat. 

"  Mens.  Mar.  Si  tonit.  souat  validos  ventos  et  frugum 
copiam  et  lites  et  proelia  eo  anno  sign. 

"  Men.  April.  Si  ton.  sonat  habundantiam  frugum  et 
iniquonim  mortem  signific. 

"  Mens.  Mai.  Si  ton,  son.  inopiam  frugum  et  famem  eo 
anno  sign. 

"  Mens.  Jun.  Si  ton.  fuerit  habundantiam  frugum  et 
varias  infirmitates  sign. 

"  Mens.  Julii.  Si  ton.  son.  annona  erit  bona  et  pecorum 
fetus  peribunt. 

"  Mens.  August.  Si  ton.  fuerit  reipublicce  prospeva  sign, 
et  multi  segrotabunt. 

"  Mens.  Septemb.  Si  tonit  sonat  habundantiam  frugum 
et  mortem  pecorum  signif. 

"  Mense  Oct.  Si  tonit  fuerit,  ventos  validos,  annonas 
bonae,  et  occisionem  potentium  hominum. 

"  Mense  Novem.  Si  ton.  fuer.  habundantiam  frugum  et 
jocunditatem  sign. 

"  Mens.  Decemb.  Si  tonit  fuer.  habundantiam  annonae, 
pacem  et  concordiam  significat." 

From  this  it  appears  that  they  believed  thun- 
der to  be  good  for  the  crops,  bad  for  man  and 
animals. 

Historical  Notes  from  same  book  :  — 

"  Anno  Dni.  1221.  In  Festo  S.  Lucse  Evang.  irruit  ventus 
a  septentrione  quatiens  et  domos  et  pomaria  et  nemora  et 
turres  occlesiarum,  visique  sunt  dracones  ignei  et  maligni 
spiritus  in  turbine  volitare. 

"A"  Dni.  1316.  Magna  lues  animalium  et  hominum 
maximaque  inundatio  ymbrium  fuit  ex  qua  pervenit 
tanta  bladi  caristia,  quod  quarterlies  tritici  vendebatur 
pro  xl'. 

"  Anno  Dili  1348.  Incepit  magna  pestilentia  Londoniis 
circa  fest.  Sci  Michael.  Archangel,  et  duravit  usque  ad 
fest.  S.  Petro  quod  dicitur  ad  Vincula  proximo  sequen- 
tem  (sic). 

"  An.  Dni.  1361.  xviii.  Kal.  Febr.  in  Festo  S.  Mauri 
Ab.  accidit  ventus  vehemens  et  terribilis  per  totam  An- 
gliara.  Eodem  anno  fuit  secunda  pestilentia  in  qua  obiit 
vir  nobilis  et  strenuus  Henricus  dux  Lancasiriaa. 

"An.  Dni.  1368.  Erat  tcrtia  pestilentia  in  qua  obiit  no- 


2"i  S,  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


465 


bills  doHiina  Blancia  Laucastriae  Dacissa,  quce  in  cccksia 
S.  Paul!,  Loudon,  jacet  tumulata." 

In  Sarum  Horae  :  — 

"  This  vi  day  of  Aprill  1580  at  —  of  the  docke  in  the 
afternoone  (there  was)  an  earthequake  in  London  and  all 
about  yt." 

J.  C,  J. 


Fly-leaf  Scribblings.  —  In  a  Bible  of  the  Ge- 
nevan version,  fol.  1576,  in  a  very  old  hand :  — 

"  If  preaching  fayle  as  yt  doth  begin 
the  people  must  quayle  &  d}'  in  their  sin 
&  if  yt  decrease  gods  curse  is  at  hand 
to  destroy  us  our  peace  o''  soules  &  o»"  laud 
therfor  lets  be  mending  gods  plagues  to  p«vent 
for  after  our  ending  tis  to  late  to  repent 
tak  heed  then  to  preaching  gods  word  to  imbrace 
&  learne  to  take  warning,  lest  god  y"  deface." 

Joseph  Rix. 
St.  Neots. 


"  To  Sleep  soundlj', 
Eat  ronndlj', 
And  Drink  profoundly, 
Is  the  ready  way  to  become  Fatt. 
"  Sic  ait  C.B.  1683." 

From   a   MS.   common-place  book    ex   libris 
Caroli  Blake,  1681.  J.G.N. 


MATHEMATICAL   BIBLIOGBAFHY. 

(Continued from  2"*  S.  iii.  384.) 

The  historical  works  of  Theophrastus  and  of 
Eudemus,  alluded  to  by  Montucla,  are  lost.  The 
Enarrationes  Geometricce  of  Geminus  are  not 
known  to  be  extant,  but  I  have  already  (P'  S.  vol. 
x.  p.  48.)  given  reasons  for  surmising  that  they 
may  yet  be  recovered.  Barocius  cited  them  about 
the  middle  of  the  16th  century. 

Amsteladam't,  sixteen-sixty.  Vossius,  Gerardus  .... 
»  de  universse  matheseos  natura  et  constitutione  liber; 
Cui  subjungitur  Chrouologiti  Mathematicorum.'    Quarto. 

Urbino,  seventeen-eight.  Baldi,  Bernardino.  '  Cro- 
uica  de'  Mathematici  overo  epitome  delle  vite  lore' 
Quarto. 

This  work  was  written  some  century  before  the 
above  date,  and  probably  before  that  of  Herigone. 

Liigduni,  sixteen-ninety.  Dechales,  Claude  Francis 
Milliet.  'Cursus  sen  Mundus  Matheraaticus.'  4  vols. 
Folio.  '  Tomus  Primus  complectens  tract,  de  progressu 
matheseos  et  de  Illustribus  Mathematicis '  &c.  *  Caput 
III.  De  progressu  Arithmetics  '  of  the  '  Tractatus  Proe- 
mialis '  contains  a  sketch  of  the  history  of  Algebra. 

And  here,  though  out  of  chronological  order,  we 
may  place : 

Geneva,  1743,  1746-7,  9,  52.  Wolf,  Christian.  « Elem- 
enta  Matheseos  Universse'  'Editio  Novissima,  multo 
auctior  et  correctior.'  5  vols.  Quarto.  '  Tomus  Quintus 
[seventeen-tifty  two  (edi.  nova)]  Qui  Commentationem 
de  Prsecipuis  Scriptis  Mathematicis,  Commentationem  de 
Studio  Mathematico  recto  instituendo.et  Indices  in  Tomos 
Quinque  Matheseos  universaj  continet.' 


We  now  come  lo  another  set  of  works  the  full 
titles  of  which  suffice  in  most  cases  to  convey  a 
general  knowledge  of  their  objects  : 

Oxonice,  sixteen-ninetythree.     Wallis,  John 

'  de  Algebra  Tractatus,;  Historicus  et  Fractious.  Anno 
1685  Anglice  editus;  Nunc  Auctus  Latine.  Cum  variis 
appendicibus ;  Partim  prius  editis  Anglice,  Partim  nunc 
primum  editis.     Folio. 

This  constitutes  the  second  volume  of  Wallis's 
Opera.    • 

Lipsia,  seventeen -forty  two.  Heilbeonner,  Jo.  Chris- 
toph.  '  Historia  Slafheseos  Universse  a  mundo  condito 
ad  seculum  P.  C.  N.  XVI.  praocipuorum  mathematicorum 
vitas,  dogmata,  scripta  et  manuscripta  complexa.  Acce- 
dit  recensio  elementorum,  compendiorum  et  operum  ma- 
thematicorum atque  Historia  Arithmetices  ad  nostra 
terapora.     Quarto. 

Here  in  strictness  the  works  of  Scheibel  and  of 
Kastner  ought  to  follow,  but  as  I  cannot  describe 
them  from  actual  inspection  I  shall  omit  or  defer 
their  description.  I  have  already  noticed  the  his- 
torical labours  of  Bossut. 

Paris,  An  VII  [17991  Mo^'Tucr^,  J.  F.  '  Histoire 
des  Mathematiques,  Dans  laquelle  on  rend  compte  de  leurs 
progrfes  depuis  leur  origine  jusque  h,  nos  jours ;  ou  Ton 
expose  le  tableau  et  le  developpement  des  principales  de- 
couvertes  dans  toutes  les  parties  des  Mathematiques,  les 
contestations  qui  se  sont  ^leve^s  entre  les  Matheniaticiens, 
et  les  principaux  traits  de  la  vie  des  plus  c^lebres.  Xou- 
velle  edition  considerablement  augmentee  et  prolonged 
jusque  vers  I'epoque  actuelle.' 

Tome  Premier,  Tome  Second.     Quarto. 

Paris,  An  X  (mai  1802).  Montucla.  *  Histoire '  &c. 
Tome  Troisieme,  Tome  Quatrieme.  Achev^  et  public  par 
Jerome  de  la  Lande.     Quarto. 

Lalande's  editorship  commences  at  p.  -336  of 
vol.  III.  For  a  table  of  contents  of  the  four  vo- 
lumes see  De  Morgan's  References  &c.  pp.  5-7. 
The  first  edition  of  Montucla's  Histoire  &c.  (Paris, 
seventeen-fiftyeight)  was  in  two  volumes  quarto. 

Parma,  seventeen-ninetyseven  and  seventeen-ninety- 
nine.  Cossali,  Pietro.  '  Origine,  trasporto  in  Italia,  primi 
progressi  in  essa  dell'  Algebra.  Storia  Critica  di  nuove 
disquizioni  analitiche  e  metafisiche  arrichita.'  Two  vols. 
Quarto.    *  Dalla  reale  typografia  Parmense.' 

Zorarfon,  eighteen- twelve.  Hutton, Charles.  'Tracts  on 
Mathematical  and  Philosophical  subjects,'  &e.  Three 
volumes  octavo. 

Tract xxxiii  (vol.  II,  pp.  143—305)  is  a  'His- 
tory of  Algebra.'  Tr.  xix  is  a  'Histoi-y  of  Trigo- 
nometrical Tables,' &c.  Ti\  xx  is  a  '  History  of 
Logarithms,'  and  Tr.  xxi  is  a  history  of  the  con- 
struction of  logarithms. 

Edinburgh,  eighteen- t\yenty.  Leslie,  John.  'ThePhi- 
losophj'  of  Arithmetic ;  exhibiting  a  progressive  view  of 
the  theor}'  and  practice  of  calculation  with  tables  for  the 
multiplication  of  numbers  as  far  as  one  thousand.  Second 
Edition,  improved  and  enlai'ged.'  Octavo.  The  date  of 
the  first  edition  is  eighteen-seventeen. 

ionrfora,  eighteen- thirtyfour.  Peacock,  George.  'Re- 
port on  the  Eecent  Progress  and  Prest-nt  State  of  certain 
Branches  of  Analysis.'  This  Report  occupies  pp.  J 85  to 
352  of  the  '  Eeport  of  the  third  meeting  of  the  British 
Association  .  .  .  held  at  Cambridge  in  1833.'     Octavo. 

Paris,  1838,  8,  40,  41.    Libei,  Guillaume.    '  Histoire 


466 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'"i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '5?. 


des  Sciences  Math^matiques  en  Italic,  depnis  la  renais- 
sance des  lettres  jusqu'a  la  fin  du  dix-septieme  siecle.' 
Four  volumes  Octavo.  We  learn  from  the  '  postscriptum  ' 
at  p.  (xxvii)  of  vol.  i  that  that  volume  is  in  fact  a  second 
edition,  nearly  the  whole  of  the  first  having  been  destroyed 
by  fire  in  1835. 

Professor  De  Morgan's  References  &c.,  were,  I 
tliink,  published  in  the  '  Companion  to  the  Al- 
manac' for  1843. 

Xo?!io«,  eighteen-fortyfive.  Peacociv,  George.  'Arith- 
metic '  published  in  the  '  Encyclopsedia  Metropolitana.' 
The  introduction  is  on  the  'History  of  Arithmetic'  and 
will  be  found  at  pp.  367—482  of  the  '  Pure  Science.'  This 
'Arithmetic' was  separately  published,  in  the  parts,  in 
1825  or  182(5  (De  Morgan,  Arith.  Bks.,  p.  91). 

London,  eighteen-fortyseven.  De  Morgan,  Augustus. 
'Arithmetical  Books  from  the  invention  of  printing  to 
the  present  time  being  brief  notices  of  a  large  number  of 
works  drawn  up  from  actual  inspection.'     Octavo. 

This  work  as  well  as  the  Iteferences  so  often  al- 
luded to  contain  valuable  (or  rather  invaluable) 
Introductory  portions  which  should  be  read  in 
connection  with  Professor  De  Morgan's  paper  '  On 
the  Difficulty  of  correct  Description  of  Books '  in 
the  'Companion  to  the  Almanac'  for  1853. 

James  Cockle,  M.A.,  F.R.A.S.,  &c. 

4.  Pump  Court,  Temple. 


iHtiinr  ^atti. 

The  late  Duke  of  Wellington.  —  Such  anxiety 
has  been  latterly  evinced  to  collect  and  place  on 
record  every  waif  and  stray  appertaining^  to  the 
great  Duke  of  Wellington,  that  I  am  induced  to 
believe  the  following  cutting  from  an  Irish  news- 
paper of  the  year  1807  may  not  prove  unwelcome. 
W.  J.  Fitz-Patrick. 

"  To  the  RiffJd  Hon.  Sir  Arthur  Wellesley,  K.B. 
"  The  iinanimous  Address  of  the  High  Sheriff  and  Grand 

Jurj-  of  the  County  of  Dublin,  at  Michaelmas  Term, 

180"7. 

"  AVe  the  Sheriff  and  Grand  .Jury  of  the  County  of  Dub- 
lin assembled  at  Michaelmas  Terra,  1807,  feel  the  utmost 
satisfaction  in  his  Majesty's  choice  of  you,  as  the  associate 
in  the  labour  of  our  most  excellent  Ciiief  Governor. 

"  Accept,  Sir,  our  warmest  approbation  and  applause 
for  your  able  and  distinguished  exertions  in  the  public 
cause,  and  allow  us  to  felicitate  ourselves,  that  after  hav- 
ing withstood  the  honourable  dangers  of  war,  in  which 
you  have  rendered  such  essential  service  to  the  Empire 
and  this  your  native  country,  you  are  given  back  to  us 
to  resume  the  duties  of  your  important  oilice,  and  to  lend 
the  aid  of  your  valuable  talents  in  carrying  into  effect 
the  measure  of  a  Chief  Governor,  to  whom  we  already 
look  up  with  confidence  and  with  hope. 

"John  Hamilton,  Sheriff. 
"  Hans  Hamilton,  Foreman. 
"  For  Self  and  Fellow  Jurors." 


"  To  which  Address  the  following  Answer  was  returned : 
"  Gentlemen, 

"  I  return  you  my  thanks  for  the  expression  of  your 
satisfaction  upon  my  appointment  to  the  situation  which 
I  have  the  honour  to  fill  in  this  country. 

"  I  hope  by  every  principle  of  duty,  and  by  every  sen- 


timent of  respect  and  affection,  to  assist  as  far  as  maj'  be 
in  my  power  the  Noble  Person  at  the  head  of  thi'S  Go- 
'  vernment.  I  shall  be  happy  if  in  carrying  into  execution 
'  his  orders  and  arrangements,  and  in  forwarding  his  views 
I  for  the  happiness  and  prosperity  of  this  countrj',  I  shall 
j  continue  to  conciliate  the  good  opinion  and  esteem  of 
I  the  High  Sheriff  and  Grand  Jury  of  the  County  of  Dub- 
lin." 

Mottoes  on  Rings.  —  On  looking  over  Smith's 
Obituarj/,  one  of  the  publications  of  the  Camden 
Society,  I  find  that  it  was  the  custom  to  have 
posies  on  mourning  rings  as  well  as  on  wedding 
rings.  "Ever  last,"  was  the  posy  on  the  rings 
given  at  the  funeral  of  John  Smith,  Alderman  of 
London,  who  "  made  a  great  gaine  by  musk  catts 
which  he  kept."  On  those  given  at  the  funeral  of 
Samuel  Crurableholme,  Master  of  St.  Paul's,  the 
posy  was  "  Redime  tempus."  *  I  take  this  oppor- 
tunity of  adding  another  to  the  list  which  has 
already  appeared  of  posies  on  wedding  rings  : 
"  This,  and  the  giver. 
Are  thine  for  ever." 

E.  H.  A. 

"  Camden  Miscellany,'"  Vol.  IV.  —  Memoranda 
upon  words  in  the  volume  of  the  Expenses  of  the 
Judges,  1596-1601.  Houses  where  the  judges 
were  accustomed  to  rest  on  the  Western  circuit, 
&c.:  — 

"  IMr.  Crewkerne  sent  presents  from  Chili  House,  near 
Crewkerne.  His  son  or  one  of  the  family  was  Town 
Olerk  of  Lyme-Regis,  afterwards  influential  at  Exeter. 

"Mr.  Speke  lived  at  White  Lackington  House  near 
11  minster. 

"  Mr.  EUesdon  lived  in  Lyme-Regis.  He  was  one  of  a 
series  of  rich  merchants  there.  Cliarles  II.  after  tlie  bat- 
tle of  Worcester  applied  to  one  of  this  family  to  aid  in  his 
escape  from  Charmouth  adjoining  Lyme. 

"  The  potato-pie  was  made  from  the  Convolvulus  Ba- 
tatas, commonly  called  the  Potate.  Jlerchants  at  Lyme 
frequently  made  presents  of  this  preserve  to  great  men. 
The  root  gave  its  name  to  our  present  diseased,  but  we 
trust  recovering  esculent,  the  Potato. 

"  Kirton,  a  provincial  manner  of  pronouncing  and  spell- 
ing Crediton,  the  centre  town  of  Devonshire.  • 

"  \Vood  and  Coles.  This  latter  means  charcoal  or  char- 
coals for  cooking  some  dishes.  Sea  borne  coal,  pit  coal, 
or  mineral  coal  was  not  in  use  for  cooking  or  in  families, 
generalh'." 

G.  R.  L. 

Dover. 

Origin  of  the  Title  of  Vilain  Qnatorze.  —  The 
first  peer,  when  asked  by  Louis  XIV.  if  he  wished 
to  change  his  name  upon  his  elevation,  merely 
requested  the  numeral  addition  that  his  family 
might  never  forget  to  whom  they  owed  their  title. 
(Vid.  Raikes's  Diari/,  i.  179.)  E.  H.  A. 

Unpublished  Letters.  —  A  friend  has  obligingly 
forwarded  to  me  The  Marlborough  Magazine  for 
Sept.  1848,  which  professes  to  contain  four  un- 
published letters  by  Pope.  These  letters  were, 
it  appears,  sent  to  the  editor  by  the  Rev.  Charles 

•  Vide  stipra,  p.  393.  for  the  inscription  on  the  ring* 
distributed  after  the  execution  of  Dr.  John  Hewett. 


2<^A  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


467 


Hoyle,  who  observes,  "  I  take  willingly  all  the  re- 
sponsibility of  their  having  never  been  published." 
Tills  is  strange,  for  these  four  letters  were  pub- 
lished in  Oct.  1831  in  the  Gentleman  s  Magazine^ 
preceded  by  a  letter  from  the  Rev.  Charles  Hoyle 
<lated  from  "  Weston,  near  Marlborough."  It  may 
be  well  to  note  the  ftict  of  prior  publication  to 
save  farther  trouble.  U.  L. 


caucn'e^. 


OLD    ENGLISH    PLAYS, 

in  Print  or  Manuscript.,  loritten  before  a.d.  1700. 

In  a  ^QVT  weeks  I  shall  commence  printing,  to 
be  published  by  Mr.  Russell  Smith,  a  dictionai'y 
of  all  old  English  plays  now  existing,  in  print  or 
in  manuscript,  which  were  written  before  a.d. 
1700.  It  will  be  based  on  the  very  useful,  though 
often  inaccurate,  list  of  plays  in  the  Biographia 
Dramatica,  1812,  in  my  copy  of  which  work  I 
have  made  additions,  as  they  have  occurred  to 
me,  for  the  last  fifteen  years.  Being  anxious  to 
render  the  work  as  complete  as  possible,  I  should 
feel  particularly  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers 
possessing  rare  play?,  masques,  or  pageants,  in 
print  or  manuscript,  would  favour  me  with  a 
communication  addressed  to  me  at  No.  6.  St. 
Mary's  Place,  West  Brompton,  near  London. 
The  information  required  is  exact  copies  of  titles^ 
the  date  or  probable  date,  and  any  brief  note 
likely  to  be  interesting.  J.  O.  Halliwell. 


ACBREYS    "WILTSHIRE    ANTIQUITIES. 

"  HypoaiXEjrATA  ANTKjrAitiA  J3;"  or,  "An  Essay  to- 
wards the  Description  of  Wiltshire.  By  John 
Aubrey  of  Easton  Piers.  Volume  II."  {An 
Original  Mamiscript,  in  folio,  lost.^ 

Under  this  title,  John  Aubrey,  the  Wiltshire 
antiquary,  who  died  at  Oxford  in  June,  1697, 
made  topographical  collections  for  a  History  of 
North  Wilts.  [His  Natural  History  of  Wilts  was 
quite  a  separate  work,  and  is  not  the  one  now 
inquired  for.]  In  collecting  materials,  he  was 
assisted  by  his  brother,  William  Aubrey.  After 
the  antiquary's  death,  the  manuscript  was  de- 
posited in  the  Ashmolean  Museum.  In  his  corre- 
spondence, Aubrey  speaks  of  it  as  his  "  Description 
of  Wiltshire,"  or  "  Antiquities  of  Wiltshire,"  in 
two  volumes.     Thus  : 

"  Anno  1G71,  having  sold  all,  and  disappointed  of 
mouej'S,  I  had  .so  strong  an  impulse  to  finish  the  Descrip- 
tion of  Wiltshire  in  2  volumes  in  fol.,  that  I  could  not  be 
quiett  till  I  had  donno  it." 

In  the  Ashmolean  Library  is  still  preserved 
one  folio  volume  of  this  work,  marked  in  his  own 
writing  on  the  oxxi-side,  "  Hypomnemata  Anti- 
quaria  A."  It  consis-ts  of  two  parts  bound  toge- 
ther in,  now,  discoloured  vellum.     The  way  in 


which  the  contents  are  arranged  is  this  :  —  At  the 
head  of  each  page  is  the  name  of  some  parish,  and 
under  it  are  entered  such  memoranda  ("  hypom- 
nemata ")  relating  to  that  parish  as  fell  in  his  way 
from  time  to  time.  On  the  margin,  or  elsewhere 
about  the  page,  are  coloured  shields  of  arms,  oc- 
casionally mixed  with  rude  sketches  of  monu- 
ments, old  houses,  &c.  Of  this  volume  both  parts 
were  printed  some  years  ago  at  the  expense  of 
Sir  Thomas  Phillipps,  Bart.,  in  small  4to. :  the 
first  in  1821,  under  the  name  of  Aubrey's  ColleC' 
tions  for  Wilts;  the  second  in  1838,  with  the  title 
of  An  Essay  torcards  the  Description,  &c.  (as 
above.) 

It  has  always  been  supposed  in  our  time,  both 
at  the  Ashmolean  Library,  and  by  every  one  else, 
myself  included,  that  these  two  parts  were  in  fact 
the  two  volumes  spoken  of  by  Aubrey  ;  only  that 
they  happened  to  have  been  bound  up  together. 
The  late  Mr.  John  Britton,  who  wrote  a  full  and 
particular  Memoir  of  Aubrey  and  his  works  (pub- 
lished in  4to.  by  the  Wilts  Topographical  Society, 
1845),  describing  the  manuscript  in  the  Ashmolean 
Library,  says  (p.  85.)  :  "  It  consists  of  two  volumes 
folio,  bound  in  vellum."  Having  in  the  mean 
time  made  a  discovery  upon  this  subject,  I  one 
day  asked  Mr.  Britton  why  he  said  there  were 
two  volumes,  when  there  is  only  one  in  the  library 
at  Oxford  ?  His  answer  was :  "  They  are  both 
in  one."  I  then  stated  to  him  my  reasons  for  be- 
lieving that  we  were  all  under  a  mistake,  and 
that  besides  the  one  (in  two  parts)  now  in  the 
library,  and  marked  A.,  Aubrey  had  most  un- 
doubtedly compiled  another  entire  and  distinct 
volume  marked  B.,  which  is  lost. 

This  I  now  prove  by  producing,  1st,  from 
Aubrey's  own  letters  preserved  in  the  same  li- 
'orary;  2ndly,  from  marginal  notes  in  the  second 
pa7't  of  vol.  A. ;  and  lastly,  from  some  other 
sources,  several  references  to  another  volume 
marked  B. 

1.  From  his  own  letters  : 

«|[  "  Ramsburv  is  in  Liher  B."  (To  Anthony  Wood, 
17  Nov.  1G70.)  ' 

f  «  Bradenstoke.  Vide  Lib.  B.,  51."  (To  do.  Sept. 
2,  1G71.) 

^  In  a  few  lines  to  his  brother  (no  date) :  "  Brother 
William,  Insert  in  Lilcr  B.  the  probability  of  the  Lytes 
of  Easton  Piers  being  descended  from  those  of  Lyte's 
Car}-." 

<1[  In  a  reply  to  John,  Brother  William  reports  "  having 
got  the  shield  of  Arms  at  Penliill  House  "  (near  Calne), 
"Fonthill  House  and  Church,  Mr.  Bodenham's  at  Hil- 
drop"  (near  Ramsbury),  "Rockburne,  Bolstred's  Tomb 
at  Earl  Stoke,  Ileytes'bury  Church,  Compton  Chamber- 
layne  House,  and  Burgate  House,  which  is  now  down,  or 
near  it."  (Wm.  Aubrej',  it  is  true,  does  not  here  name 
Liber  B.,  but  not  one  of  these  places  is  mentioned  in 
Liber  A.) 

2.  The  following  references  are  on  the  margin 
of  vol.  A.,  Part  2.:  — 

^  In  the  page  (original  MS.)  headed  "Broadstock 
cum  Clack,"  is,  "  Vide  Lib.  B.,  51." 


468 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'id  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '69. 


^  Under  "  Down  Amprey  " ;  "  Vide  Pedigree  of  Dan- 
vers,  Book  B." 

f  At  the  end  of  «  Tysbury  "  «  V,  Dunhead  in  Lib.  B.," 
and  again,  "  V.  Cirencester,  B." 

f  At  the  end  of  "Castle  Combe,"  "  Vid.  Lib.  B., 
p.  318," 

3.  In  other  loose  scraps  of  Aubrey's  writing, 
also  in  the  library,  I  found, 

^  "Knahil"  [Knoyle]  "  in  Lib.  B." 

^  "  Dr.  Muffet,  a  famous  physician  lived  and  dyed  at 
Wilton  at  Bulbridge  House,  which  transfer  to  Lib.  B." 

IT  "  Wythoksmede,  V.  de  hoc  proprio  nomine  in  Lib. 
B." 

In  "  Letters  from  the  Bodleian,"  11.  602.  Qiote), 
is  the  following  :  — 

%  "  Mem.  In  my  Lib.  B.  I  liave  sett  down  an  exact 
description  of  this  delicious  parke,  &c." 

Antony  Wood,  writing  to  Aubrey,  Nov.  10, 
1671  :  — 

"  I  have  received  your  Liber  B.,  and  have  almost  done 
him.  If  you  have  any  more  that  follows  I  would  gladly 
see  them.'  I  read  these  collections  with  great  delight, 
and  have  excerpted  some  thiugs  thence  for  my  pur- 
pose." 

It  only  remains  to  add,  that  not  one  shield  of 
arms  or  scrap  of  history  relating  to  any  of  the 
places  above  referred  to  as  in  "  Liber  B.,"  is  to  be 
found  in  any  of  the  present  manuscripts ;  and  it 
is  therefore  clear  that  "B,,"  which  did  contain 
them,  and  which  consisted  (as  one  of  the  refer- 
ences proves)  of  not  less  than  318  pages,  was 
another  and  separate  volume,  now  missing. 

Some  years  ago  I  was  examining  Aubrey's  ma- 
nuscripts in  the  Ashmolean  Library,  and  in  so  doing 
was  struck  by  the  marginal  and  other  allusions  to 
"  Liber  B."  The  Librarian  "  had  never  heard  of, 
nor  even  suspected  it.  No  such  manuscript  was 
in  the  library  :  nor  did  the  oldest  of  their  present 
catalogues  mention  it.  Many  years  ago  things 
were  in  confusion.  What  might  have  been  there 
before,  he  could  not  say."  At  last,  however,  in 
poring  over  Aubrey's  collections  1  found  out  how 
and  when  it  had  disappeared.  At  the  back  of  page 
Z  in  the  Index  to  vol.  A,  in  the  handwriting  of 
William  Aubrey,  six  years  after  the  antiquary's 
death,  is  this  memorandum  :  — 

"August  14,  1703.  Borrowed  then  of  Mr.  Edw.  Lhwyd, 
the  Keeper  of  the  Ashmolean  Librarj',  the  Second  Volume 
of  my  Brother's  '  Hypomnemata  Antiqnaria,'  which  I 
shallVestore  upon  demand.    Wm.  Aubrey." 

There  is  no  memorandum  of  its  return,  and  we 
may  therefore  conclude  that  it  shared  a  fate  not 
uncommon  with  "borrowed"  books.  William 
Aubrey,  the  last  of  his  own  family,  and  without 
children,  died  four  years  afterwards  in  1707 ;  Mr. 
Lluyd,  the  Librarian,  in  1709. 

After  so  long  an  interval  as  150  years  inquiry 
may  be  thought  hopeless.  That  it  is  in  any  of  our 
public  libraries  is  hardly  to  be  supposed,  manu- 
scripts of  this  character  in  those  repositories  being 
generally  very  well  known.     But  it  is  not  impos- 


sible, perhaps  not  improbable,  that  it  may  be  still 
in  existence  somewhere.  If  on  a  shelf,  and  label- 
led "Hypomnemata  Antiquaria,"  it  may  have 
been  passed  over  many  a  time  without  the  slightest 
conception  that  it  contained  a  History  of  Wilt- 
shire !  At  all  events,  merely  as  a  literary  fact,  it 
should  be  known  that  such  an  additional  volume 
of  Aubrey's  work  did  once  exist.  And  if  it  will 
help  to  sharpen  the  memory  of  those  whose  occu- 
pation it  may  be  to  dive  into  dusty  chests  and 
back  closets  in  search  of  such  valuable  waifs  and 
strays,  I  hereby  offer  tc7i  pounds  to  any  person  who 
will  give  me  certain  information  of  the  existence 
now  of  "  Liber  B."  above  described. 

J.  E.  Jackson. 
Leigh  Delamere  Rectory, 
Chippenham. 


Minax  cauen'eS. 

Sea  Breaches.-'— 1  used  to  be  much  alarmed  when 
a  schoolboy  at  the  story  of  the  damage  formerl}' 
done  by  the  inroads  of  theseaatHorsey-Pallingand 
Waxham,  on  the  Norfolk  coast.  My  father  used 
to  tell  me  that  a  few  years  after  the  commencement 
of  this  century  the  sea  broke  through  the  bank, 
and  very  suddenly  inundated  hundreds  of  acres  of 
land,  and  many  families  were  taken  from  the  tops 
of  their  houses  in  boats,  of  course  dreadfully 
frightened.  A  Mr.  Smith,  an  eminent  engineer, 
was  employed  to  stop  these  "sea  breaches,"  and  an 
Act  of  Parliament  obtained  to  lay  rates  on  all  the 
low  ground,  even  as  far  as  Beccles,  and  on  the 
marshes  and  meadows  adjoining  the  Norwich  river. 
Even  up  to  this  day  the  sea  often  threatens  to  re- 
peat its  visit,  and  it  frequently  costs  the  rate- 
payers large  sums  to  keep  these  breaches  in  repair. 
My  father  said  he  believed  that  there  was  an 
Act  passed  in  the  reign  of  Anne  or  Geo.  I.  to  make 
it  felony  or  a  high  misdemeanour  to  take  sand  or 
soil,  or  to  cut  marrum  from  the  sea  banks  in  the 
counties  of  Norfolk,  Suffolk,  Lincolnshire,  and 
some  of  the  north-western  counties,  and  else- 
where. My  object  in  writing  to  you  is  to  i-e- 
quest  you  to  insert  this  letter  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  when 
I  hope  some  of  your  numerous  readers  will  inform 
us  whether  there  ever  was  such  an  Act  passed, 
public  or  private  ;  and  if  found,  its  date  and  pur- 
port. ? 

Peter  Thellnsson' s  Will,  —  This  absurd  and 
wicked  document,  which  furnished  such  a  rich 
harvest  to  the  lawyers,  and  the  litigation  on  ac- 
count of  which  has  only  just  terminated,  was  not 
without  precedent.  In  the  gossiping  Letters  of 
Horace  Walpole  to  Sir  Horace  Mann,  concluding 
series,  vol.  i.  p.  376.,  occurs  the  following  para- 
graph :  — 

"  Sir  William  Rowley  has  left  six  thousand  pounds  a  year 
to  whom  do  you  think  ?  —  to  his  great-grandson.    To  his 


2°'^  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10,  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


469 


SOD,  who  had  not  disobliged  him,  he  gives  but  eight  hun- 
dred a-year;  the  same  to  his  grandson;  all  the  rest  to 
his  grandson's  heir,  and  the  savings.  It  is  rather  leaving 
an  opportunity  to  the  Chancery  to  do  a  right  thing,  and 
set  such  an  absurd  will  aside.  Do  not  doubt  it.  The  law 
makes  no  bones  ©f  wills.  I  have  heard  of  a  man  who 
began  his  will  thus:  'This  is  my  will,  and  I  desire  the 
Chancery  will  not  make  another  for  me.'  Oh!  but  it 
did." 

Did  "  the  Chancery "  make  another  will  for 
Admiral  Sir  William  Rowley  ? 

John  Pavin  Phillips. 
Haverfordwest. 

Provincial  Printing  Presses.  —  In  Nichols's 
Lit.  Anecdotes,  vol.  i.  p.  189.,  twenty-one  English 
towns  having  twenty-eight  printing  presses,  in 
1724,  are  named ;  some  of  which  are  not  men- 
tioned in  Cotton's  Typograpliical  Gazetteer,  and 
in  vol.  V.  p.  495.  a  reference  is  given  to  Ballard's 
Collection  of  MS.  letters  in  the  Bodleian,  in  which 
is  Dr.  Rawlinson's  "Account  of  Printing  Presses  in 
England."  Has  this  ever  been  published,  or  is 
there  any  published  account  of  presses  existing 
in  the  provincial  towns  ?  H.  J. 

Lingard's  "England":  Edinburgh  and  Quar- 
terly Reviewers.  —  I  have  in  my  possession  a  book 
labelled  "  Lingard  Papers,"  consisting  principally 
of  reviews  of  Lingard's  England,  cut  out  of  the 
Edinburgh  and  Quarterly,  and  bound  up  with  the 
5th  edition  of  Lingard's  Vindication  of  the  4th 
and  5th  volumes  of  his  History  (1827).  I  annex 
a  list  of  the  articles,  with  the  dates  of  the  publi- 
cation of  such  as  I  can  ascertain,  and  will  be* 
obliged  by  some  of  your  readers  informing  me, 
through  your  columns,  with  the  names  of  the 
authors  of  these  critiques ;  also,  whether  any  other 
critical  notices  of  Lingard's  work  appeared  in 
those  journals,  or  in  separate  publications;  in  fact, 
a  short  resume  of  this  literary  and  historical  con- 
troversy. W.  Allen  was,  I  believe,  the  writer  of 
some  of  the  articles  in  the  Edinbu?gh,  and  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  if  he  made  any  reply  to  Lingard, 
and  of  what  works  he  is  author? 

Edinburgh,  Oct.  1815.      Lingard's  Antiquities  of  the  An- 
glo-Saxon Cliurch. 
„         March  1824.  Brodie's  History  of  England  and 

Corrections  of  Hume. 
„  April  1825.     Lingard's  History  of  England. 

„  „        „        Alien  Law  of  England. 

;,         June  1826.     Massacre  of  St.  Bartholomew. 
„  „        „        Icon  Basilike. 

„  March  1831.  Lingard's  England. 

Quarterly,  Vol.  xxxn.,  No.  lxiv.,  Art.  10.  Icon  Basilike. 
„         Vol.  xxxiiL,  No.  I.XV.,  Art.  1.  The  Reforma- 
tion in  England. 
„         Vol.  xxxvii..  No.  LxxiiT.  Hallam's  Constitu- 
tional History  of  England. 

T.  V.  N. 

Highland  Regiment  at  Battle  of  Leipsic.  —  Can 

any  of  your  military  readers  say  whether  a  Scotch 

Highland  regiment  fought  at  the  battle  of  Leipsic 

(in    1813)   under   the    command   of  Bernadotte, 


Crown  Prince  of  Sweden,  and,  if  so,  what  corps 
was  it  ?  T. 

Edinburgh. 

Registration  ivithout  Baptism.  —  The  following 
entry  occurs  in  the  register  of  Sevenoaks  parish 
church :  — 

"  1695.  James  Smith  the  anabaptist  hath  a  child 
borne." 

Was  it  usual  at  this  date  for  the  minister  to  act 
as  registrar  also  ?  C.  J.  Robinson. 

Greek  Dial.  —  In  Rawlinson's  translation  of 
Herodotus,  vol.  ii.  p.  333.,  in  one  of  the  admirable 
essays  written  by  Sir  Gardner  Wilkinson,  is  the 
following  passage  :  — 

"  The  Greeks  marked  the  divisions  (of  the  dial)  by  the 
first  twelve  lettei-s  of  the  alphabet,  and  the  last  four  of 
these  reading  ZH0I,  '  Enjo}-  yourself,'  are  alluded  to  in 
this  epigram  ascribed  to  Lucian  (Epig.  17.)  :  — 

'Ef  oipai  ix.6xBoi<s  iKaviorarai,  o.l  Si  ixer  avras 
rpd/tju.a(7i  &ei,KVviJ,evai.,  ^vjflt  \tyovcn  jSpdrois. 

Mr.  Rawlinson's  note  1.  vol.  iii.  p.  204.  giving 
F  as  the  sixth  letter  of  the  original  Greek  alpha- 
bet, justifies  the  epigram ;  but  I  am  at  a  loss  to 
understand  how  the  letters  ZH0I  are  the  last  four 
of  the  first  twelve  letters  of  the  Greek  alphabet. 
I  shall  be  much  obliged  by  an  explanation. 

J.W.  F. 

Lightning  and  Fish. — Throughout  the  West  In- 
dies, on  mornings  after  a  display  of  sheet-lightning 
immense  quantities  of  needle-shaped  fish,  here 
called  Titeres,  I  presume  spawn  recently  vivified, 
are  found  congregated  at  the  mouths  of  rivers. 
The  first  day  after  the  lightning  they  are  caught, 
and  sold  in  the  mai-kets,  and  are  then  a  delicate 
food.  The  second  day  they  are  still  found,  but 
more  developed,  having  become  larger,  coarser, 
and  having  black  heads.  They  are  then  but  little 
eaten.  As  the  fact  is  undeniable  that  these  crea- 
tures appear  after  sheet-lightning,  and  at  no  other 
times,  I  should  be  glad  to  see  the  matter  ex- 
plained. J.  P. 
Dominica. 

'^  The  Misers,"  hy  Quintin  Matsys.  —  According 
to  Bryan,  Smith,  Reynolds,  and  other  authorities, 
there  are  several  pictures  of  the  Misers  by  Quin- 
tin Matsys,  all  having  the  same  claim  to  origin- 
ality.    Bryan,  in  his  Dictionary  of  Painters,  says, 

"The  much-talked-of  ilfzsers  in  Windsor  Castle  is  one 
of  a  numerous  family,  all  claiming  the  same  paternity, 
and  having  only  such  slight  differences  as  appear  in  the 
children  of  one  father." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  inform  me 
which  Is  supposed  to  be  the  original  or  first  con- 
ception of  the  master  ?  Chas.  Dean. 

Pilgrim  Plowden.  — Who  was  Pilgrim  Plowden,  • 
who  wrote  Farrago,  printed  for  the  author  and 
sold  only  by  Lawton  Gilliver  at  Homer's  Head 


470 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°-!  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59. 


against   St.  Dunstan's   Church  in  Fleet   Street, 
London,  1733.  E.  S.  J. 

'■'■Dominus  regnavit  a  lignoy — These  words  occur 
in  some  of  the  Fathers  as  a  quotation  from  Psalm 
xcv,  10.*,  at  which  place  the  Hebrew,  the  Latin 
Vulgate,  and  others  only  have  "Dominus  reg- 
navit,"  or  its  equivalents.  The  passage  is  usually 
applied  to  the  Saviour,  who  is  said  to  have 
"  reigned  from  the  tree,"  because  the  crucifixion 
was  regarded  as  in  a  manner  ushering  him  into 
his  kingdom  and  glory.  It  would  be  easy  to 
quote  passages  from  ancient  and  modern  writers 
illustrative  of  this  view,  but  one  or  two  must  suf- 
fice.    Commodian  thus  speaks  :  — 

"  In  Psalmis  canitur  'Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno, 
Exultent  lerrre,  jocundentur  insulie  uiultie.'  " 

Carm.  Apohget.  ver.  290. 

The  hymn  which  commences 

"  Vexilla  Eegis  prodeunt, 
has  the  following  :  — 

"  Impleta  sunt  qute  concinit 
David  fidelis  carmine, 
Dicens  in  natiouibus 
Eegnavit  h.  ligno  Deus." 
Which  some  one  has  rendered  :  — 

"  Now  is  fulfilled  what  David  once 
Chanted  in  high  prophetic  strains, 
'  His  kingdom  from  the  cross  begins 
And  o'er  the  nations  thence  he  reigns.'  " 
Again,  Dr.  Watts  says  of  the  cross  :  — 
"Hence  shall  his  sovereign  throne  arise, 

His  kingdom  is  begun." 
"  The  cross  a  sure  foundation  laid 
For  glory  and  renown." 

As,  however,  my  object  is  not  to  give  a  catena 
upon  the  words,  but  to  ask  a  question,  I  will  do 
so  :  — 

1.  What  account  can  be  given  of  the  intro- 
duction of  the  words  a  ligno  into  this  quotation, 
as  part  of  the  sacred  record  ? 

2.  AVho  is  the  earliest  Father  by  whom  the  pas- 
sage is  quoted  in  this  form  ?  I  know  it  is  very 
ancient. 

3.  Do  any  MSS.  of  the  Latin  Vulgate  contain 
fhese  words  as  a  part  of  the  text  ? 

I  shall  feel  obliged  to  anyone  who  will  give  me 
information  on  these  heads,  or  refer  me  to  authors 
by  whom  the  subject  has  been  discussed. 
^  B.  H.  C. 

Rev.  Francis  Mence. — Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation respecting  the  Rev.  Francis  Mence,  the 
author  of  a  work  entitled  — 

"  Vindicise  Fojderis ;  or  a  Vindication  of  the  Interest 
that  the  Children  of  Believers,  as  such,  have  in  the  Cove- 
nant of  Grace,  with  their  Parents  under  the  Gospel-Dis- 
pensation." By  Francis  Mence,  sometime  of  Pembroke 
College,  Oxford,  now  an  unworthy  Pastor  of  a  Church 
of  Christ,  in  Wapping,  near  London."     18mo.  1C94. 

I  cannot  find  any  entry  of  the  author's  name  in 


In  English  version  and  Hebrew  Ps.  xcvi.  10. 


the  list  of  Oxford  graduates,  or  in  the  register  of 
St.  John's  Church,  Wapping,  but  that  church  was 
only  erected  in  1694.  Rainhill. 

Privy  Council.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers  refer 
me  to  any  Lists  of  Privy  Councillors  in  the  reigns 
of  Richard  IIL,  Henry  VIL,  and  Henry  VIH., 
but  particularly  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VII.  ?      J. 

Essay  on  Taste ;  Faux. — In  An  Essay  on  Taste, 
London,  1784,  among  censurable  instances  of 
ascribing  feelings  to  inanimate  things,  is  the  fol- 
lowing :  — 

"  He  cut  the  cable :  with  impatient  leap 
Th'  exulting  vessel  bounded  to  the  deep ; 
Swift  as  the  pertinacious  hunter,  wlien 
He  gallops  from  the  lustral  savage  den 
On  trembling  steed  ;  his  chest  compressed  with  fear, 
And  tender  tigers  on  his  frightened  spear. 
Their  mother's  howls  th'  admiring  concave  fill. 
Baited  by  hounds  on  Haman's  hostile  hill." — Faux. 

Other  examples  of  bad  taste  are  given  from 
"  Faux."  Who  is  he  ?  The  essay  is  rather  in- 
genious. It  is  printed  for  "  J.  Johnston,  Cheap- 
side."     Is  the  author  known  ?  P.  S. 

Window  in  the  sense  of  Blank.  —  Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  furnish  me  with  instances  of 
the  word  *'  window  "  being  used  in  the  sense  of 
a  blank  left  in  any  document  or  writing?  I  have 
met  with  it  only  once,  and  that  in  a  letter  of 
Archbishop  Cranmer's  (Worhs,  Parker  Society 
edit.,  vol.  ii.  p.  249.)  :  — 

"  And  where  there  is  a  collation  of  a  benefice  now  in 
my  hands  through  the  death  of  one  Sir  Richarde  Baj'lis, 
priest  of  the  college  of  Mallying,  according  as  you  may 
be  further  instruct  by  this  letter  herein  inclosed,  the 
place  and  room  whereof  I  intend  to  dispose,  1  will  there- 
fore, that  j'ou  send  unto  me  a  collation  thereof;  and  that 
your  said  collation  have  a  window  expedient  to  set  what 
name  I  will  therein." 

William  Henky  Haet. 

Folkestone  House,  Eoupell  Park, 
Streatham. 

Biistowe.  — Are  there  any  descendants  existing 
of  a  marriage  which  occurred  in  August,  1759, 
between  the  Rev.  Edward  Bristowe,  Vicar  of 
Messinghara,  Kirton  in  Lindsey,  co.  Lincoln,  and 
Mary,  only  surviving  child  of  the  Rev.  John 
Gough,  Rector  of  Nettleton  in  the  same  county. 
Their  son  John  Bristowe  was  christened  at  Mes- 
singham  11th  July,  1760 — 1,  and  their  daughter 
Ann  the  8th  March,  1762.  Asphodel. 

Prtissian  L'on  Medal. — Will  any  of  your  readers 
give  me  the  description  of  the  iron  medal  (I  don't 
know  whether  it  was  of  the  cross  or  circular  type) 
which  was  given  to  those  Prussian  patriots  who  sent 
in  their  jewels  and  plate  for  the  service  of  their 
country  during  the  wars  of  the  1st  Napoleon  ?  I 
have  heard  that  the  motto  upon  the  decoration  ip, 
"  I  gave  Gold  for  Iron  for  my  country's  good." 

Centurion, 


2='!  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


471 


Sheriff's  Precedence.  —  The  second  branch  and 
duty  of  the  sheriff  is  as  keeper  of  the  King's  peace, 
"whereby  "  both  by  common  law  and  special  com- 
mission he  is  the  first  man  in  the  county,  and 
superior  in  rank  to  any  nobleman  therein  during 
his  office. 

This  remark  in  Ker's  Student's  Blachstone  leads 
to  the  inference  that  there  is  some  special  com- 
mission addressed  to  the  sherifi',  whereby  he  be- 
comes the  first  man  in  the  county,  and  superior 
to  the  nobleman  Lord- Lieutenant. 

Will  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  where  any 
one  of  these  Commissions  may  be  found  ?  Are 
they  under  the  Great  Seal,  or  warrant  from  the 
Crown  ?  Is  it  exclusively  directed  to  the  sheriff, 
or  are  the  judges  mentioned  therein?  and  how  in 
reference  to  the  sheriff?  J.  R, 

Belvoir  Castle.  —  Is  there  in  existence  any 
drawing  or  plan  of  the  old  castle  as  it  existed  pre- 
vious to  the  period  of  Cromwell,  and  if  so,  where 
is  it  to  be  found  ?  G.  N. 

Heraldic  Drawings  and  Engravings.  —  When 
were  the  tinctures  of  heraldry  first  indicated  by 
the  courses  of  lines  in  engravings,  —  as  vertical 
lines  to  signify  gtdes,  dots  to  signify  or,  and  so  on? 
Can  you  refer  me  with  precision  to  the  earliest 
instance  of  such  engraving,  or  to  the  work  in 
which  the  practice  is  for  the  first  time  suggested  ? 

Jaydee. 


;^m0r  cauertciS  iattlj  ^xxiiatxi. 

Archbishop   Juxon  and  Family.  —  Information 

is  requested  respecting  the  descent  of  Archbishop 

Juxon,  and  also   particulai'S  of  his  descendants, 

and  an  extract  from  his  will.  H.  J. 

[Abp.  Juxon  does  not  appear  to  have  been  a  married 
man.  In  the  Harl.  MS.  938.  p.  10.  is  the  following  copy 
of  his  will :  —  "  My  body  I  commit  to  the  earth  to  be 
decently  buried,  but  without  pomp.  My  worldly  goods  I 
thus  dispose :  first,  I  give  unto  the  poor  of  the  parish  of 
St.  Peter  the  Great,  alias  the  subdeanery  in  the  citv  of 
Chichester,  100/.  To  the  poor  of  St.  Giles  in  Oxford, 
100/.  To  the  poor  of  Somerton,  co.  Oxford,  50/.  To  tlie 
poor  of  Little  Compton,  co.  Gloucester,  100/.  To  the  poor 
of  Lemington  in  the  same  count}',  100/.  To  the  poor  of 
Toddenham  in  the  same  county,  50/.  To  the  poor  of 
Lambeth  and  Croydon,  each  100/.  I  give  7000/.  to  bo 
disposed  of  for  the  increase  of  the  yearly  stipends  of  the 
Fellows  and  Scholars  of  St.  John's  College  in  Oxford,  by 
purchase  of  lands  for  that. purpose,  whereof  the  Fellows 
and  Scholars  to  have  equal  shares.  To  the  repair  of  the 
church  of  St.  Faul's,  if  it  proceed,  I  give  2000/.  To  my 
menial  servants,  1200/.  My  nephew,  Sir  William  Juxon, 
I  make  sole  executor.  If  I  happen  to  die  before  the  hall 
at  Lambeth  be  finished,  I  will  that  my  executor  be  at  the 
charge  of  finishing  it,  if  mj'  successor  shall  give  leave.  I 
give  to  the  Cathedral  Cliurch  of  Canterburj'  500/.  De- 
clared 14  May,  1663.  Probat.  4  July,  1063."  The  arch- 
bishop died  on  June  4,  1603.  Le  Neve  {Lives  of  the 
Bishops,  i.  1C2.)  speaks  of  a  codicil  containing  the  follow- 
ing item :  "  To  such  of  my  poor  kindred  as  are  not  men- 
tioned in  my  will,  amongst  them  500/."  j 


"  Elispirid."  —  What  is  "  elis-piridf  "— Wiclif, 
Last  Age  of  the  Church,  Todd's  edition,  p.  xxxiii. : — 

"  )>ei  l>at  treten  j>es  verse  of  Sibille  alle  J>at  I  haue  seen 
acorden  in  \>is  J^at  seculer  power  of  J>e  Hooly  Goost 
elis-piiid."    . 

Todd  (note,  p.  xcll.)  thinks  it  corrupt.  In  the 
eyes  of  Lewis  (ibid.)  it  means  expired.       E.  S.  J. 

[Before  giving  a  decided  opinion,  one  would  wish  to 
see  Wiclif 's  MS. ;  in  the  absence  of  which  all  we  can  do 
is  to  oft'er  a  conjecture.  Our  suggestion  is  this;  that  the 
el  of  "elispirid"  may  probably  have  been  intended  by 
Wiclif  for  a  d.  The  word  which  he  meant  to  write  would 
in  that  case  be  c//sp/77c/ (dispired),  which  we  suppose  to 
have  been  an  old  form  of  disappeared.  "  To  dispire " 
would  correspond,  on  this  supposition,  to  the  Italian  dis- 
pai-lre,  to  disappear:  —  "the  secular  power  of  the  H0I3' 
Ghost  disappeared:"  —  much  as  we  might  say,  "The 
Jewish  polity  was  originally  a  theocracy ;  but  when  the 
nation  was  finally  broken  up,  and  passed  into  exile  and 
captivity,  all  that  visible  manifestation  of  divine  inter- 
position in  human  aftairs  ceased  and  determined."  With 
It.  disparire,  to  disappear,  cf.  med.-L.  disparere,  to  flee 
away,  to  cease,  to  come  to  an  end  (Du  Gauge) ;  old  Fr. 
disparer,  to  vanish  away  (Cotgrave)  ;  and  Romance  des- 
parer.  "Et  tost  "  [aussit6t]  "  mor  e  despar"  (and  im- 
mediately dies  and  disappears.  Eaynouard.)  So  the 
divine  agency  in  things  secular  dispired;  i.  e.  was  no 
longer  exercised  perceptibly'  and  visibly.] 

Flower  de  Luce  and  Toads.  — li\  The  History  of 
Serpents  by  Edward  Topsell,  page  729.,  chap. 
"  Of  the  Toad,"  he  says  :  — 

"  I  do  marvel  wh}'  in  ancient  time  the  Kings  of  France 
gave  in  their  arms  the  three  Toads  in  a  yellow  field,  the 
which  were  afterwards  changed  by  Clodoveus  into  3 
Flower  de  luces  in  a  field  azure  as  arms  sent  unto  him 
from  heaven." 

I  want  to  see  Topsell's  authority  for  this.    S.  B. 

[If  our  correspondent  will  turn  to  Elliott's  Ilorm 
Apocali/pticcB,  iii.  500.,  edit.  1851,  he  will  find  that  Top- 
sell  had  good  authoritj'  for  hia  statement.  Mr.  Elliott 
has  given  engravings  of  the  three  frogs  as  they  appeared 
in  the  French  banner,  from  an  ancient  tapestry  in  the 
cathedral  of  Rheiras  representing  battle  scenes  of  Clovis, 
who  is  said  to  have  been  baptized  there  after  his  con- 
version to  Christianity ;  also  a  representation  of  the  three 
frogs  from  Pynson's  edition  of  Fabyan's  Chronicle,  at  the 
beginning  of  his  account  of  Pharamond,  the  first  King  of 
the  Franks,  who  reigned  at  Tours  about  a.d.  420.  The 
other  engraving  is  from  the  Franciscan  church  of  Inns- 
pruck,  representing  the  shield  of  Clovis,  King  of  France, 
with  three  fleurs  de  lis  and  three  frogs,  with  the  words 
underneath  "  Clodov»us  der  ersle  Christenlich  Konig  von 
Frankreich."  In  the  sixth  centurj',  xlvi.  of  the  Prophe- 
cies of  Nostradamus  (p.  251.)  translated  by  Garancieres, 
(Lond.  1672.),  there  occurs  the  following  verse :  — 

"  Un  juste  sera  en  exil  envoye 
Par  pestilence  aux  confins  de  son  siegle, 
Response  au  rouge  le  fera  desvoj-e', 
Roi  retirant  a  la  rane,  ct  k  I'aigle." 

On  which,  saj'S  Garancieres :  "  By  the  eagle  he  meanetli 
the  Emperor ;  bj'  th.^  frog  the  King  of  France ;  for  before 
he  took  the  flower  de  luce  the  French  bore  th-ee  frogs." li 

Colonel  Kirke.  —  Would  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents favour  me  with  some  account  of  the 
Colonel   Kirke,   so   famous   for  his   atrocities  In 


472 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»«i  S.  VIII.  Dkc.  10.  '59. 


James  II.'s  reign,  as  I  am  extremely  desirous  of 
knowing  something  more  about  liim  ?  J.  R. 

l_Very  little  seems  to  be  known  of  Colonel  Perc}' 
Kirke's  antecedents.  He  served  under  the  Duke  of 
Monmouth  in  the  army  of  the  King  of  France,  by  the 
special  permission  of  Charles  II.,  granted  23rd  Feb.  1673. 
He  was  Captain-Lieutenant  of  the  Earl  of  Oxford's  own 
troop  of  the  royal  regiment  of  Horse-Guards  in  1675, 
and  was  promoted  from  that  regiment  (o  be  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  of  the  Earl  of  Plymouth's,  or  the  2nd  Tangier 
regiment  (now  the  4tb  Foot),  on  its  being  raised  in 
1680,  and  he  embarked  with  it  for  Tangier  in  September 
of  that  year.  Having  distinguished  himself  in  several 
actions  with  the  Moors,  on  the  death  of  the  Earl  of  Ply- 
mouth at  Tangier,  he  was  promoted  to  the  Colonelcy  of 
the  2nd  Tangier  regiment  on  the  27th  Nov.  1680,  and 
transferred  to  the  Queen's  regiment  on  the  19th  April, 
1682.  Kirke  left  Tangier  for  England  with  his  regiment 
in  April,  1684.  During  the  rebellion  of  the  Duke  of  Mon- 
mouth in  the  West  of  England,  the  Queen's  regiment 
formed  part  of  the  forces  assembled  under  the  Karl  of 
Feversham,  and  it  is  reported  that  at  the  decisive  battle 
■of  Sedgemoor,  "  the  two  Tangier  regiments,  Kirke's  and 
Trelawny's,  did  good  service."  Col.  Kirke  was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  Brigadier- General  on  the  11th  May,  1685, 
and  afterwards  appointed  to  command  at  Bridgewater. 
Numerous  are  the  acts  of  barbarity  which  history  has 
handed  down  as  perpetrated  by  Judge  Jeffreys  and  Col. 
Kirke  in  what  were  termed  "  the  bloody  assizes."  On 
the  abdication  of  James  II.  the  following  anecdote  is  re- 
lated of  Col.  Kirke.  When  asked  respecting  a  change  of 
religion,  he  is  stated  briefly  to  have  replied,  '  He  was 
pre-engaged,  for  ho  had  promised  the  Emperor  of  Mo- 
rocco, if  ever  he  changed  his  religion,  he  would  turn 
Mahomedan.'  In  1689,  troops  being  required  for  the 
relief  of  Londonderry,  Col.  Kirke  was  appointed  to  the 
command  of  the  Queen  Dowager's  regiment,  which  re- 
mained in  Ireland,  and  served  with  distinction  at  the 
battle  of  the  Boyne  on  1st  July,  1690.  It  was  also  em- 
ploj'ed  in  the  siege  of  Limerick ;  in  the  relief  of  Birr ; 
and  in  December  drove  a  division  of  the  enemy  out  of 
Lanesborough;  The  war  in  Ireland  having  ended  with 
the  capitulation  of  Limerick,  King  William  withdrew 
some  regiments  from  that  country  to  reinforce  his  army 
in  Flanders,  and  one  selected  for  foreign  service  was  the 
Queen  Dowager's  regiment.  Lieut. -General  Kirke,  who 
was  promoted  to  that  rank  on  the  24th  Dec.  1690,  joined 
the  army  in  Flanders,  and  died  at  Breda  on  the  31st  Oct. 
1691.  For  the  character  of  this  remarkable  man,  see  Ma- 
caulay's  History  of  England,  12th  edit.  1856,  i.  6-27— 631. ; 
and  Historical  Record  of  the  Second  or  Queen's  Royal  Re- 
giment of  Foot,  8vo.  1838.] 

Mary  Queen  of  Scots.  —  At  the  sale  of  Mr. 
Upcott's  collection  of  prints,  pictures,  and  curio- 
sities, by  Messrs.  Evans  in  1846,  was  the  handle 
of  a  coffin,  said  to  have  been  that  of  this  martyred 
sovereign.  Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me 
who  purchased  it,  and  the  price  which  it  pro- 
duced ?  M.  L. 

Lincoln's  Inn. 

[At  Mr.  Upcott's  sale  tiiis  relic  .sold  for  two  guineas, 
and  was  purchased  by  Mr.  Rodd.  In  Tlie  Portfolio,  1822, 
is  an  engraving  of  it,  Avith  the  following  historical  notice : 
"  This  elegant  relic,  one  of  the  eight  handles  that  were 
attached  to  the  splendid  coffin  which  received  the  re- 
mains of  the  ill-fated  Mary  Queon  of  Scots,  when  con- 
ve3'ed  to  Westminster,  was  formerlv  in  the  possession  of 
Dr.  Richard  Moad,  physician  to  King  George  II.,  and  of 


great  antiquarian  reputation,  at  whose  death  it  was  sold, 
and  passed  through  various  hands,  till  at  length  it  be- 
came the  property  of  Samuel  Tyson,  of  Narborough  Hall, 
Norfolk,  Esq.  It  was  afterwards  purchased  at  the  sale  of 
Mr.  Wilson,  by  Mr.  Joseph  Miller,  the  well-known  anti- 
quary, of  Barnard's  Inn,  -who  ver}'  obligingly  allowed  it 
to  be  copied.  The  handle  and  device  are  of  copper,  and 
were  original! j-  double  gilt.  The  extreme  length  is  four- 
teen inches  and  a  half;  the  width  one  foot.  Excepting 
the  handle,  the  whole  is  flat  and  partially  engraved.  The 
initials  M.  R.  appear  above  the  handle."  Who  is  the  pre- 
sent po.?sessor  of  this  relic?] 

Hildesley's  Poetical  Miscellanies.  —  In  the  Har- 
leian  MSS.  47-6.  there  is  a  volume  of  Poetical 
Miscellanies  by  Mark  Hildesley.  Can  you  give 
ine  any  information  regarding  the  contents  of 
this  volume  ?  Was  the  author  M.  Hildesley, 
Bishop  of  Man,  who  died  in  1772  ?         R.  Inglis. 

[This  volume  consists  of  163  leaves,  besides  four  leaves 
of  introductory  matter,  and  contains  a  large  collection  of 
Miscellanies  in  prose  and  verse,  but  chiefly  the  latter,  by 
Mark  Hilsly  or  Hildesly  (for  he  writes  himself  both 
ways).  Bencher  of  Lincoln's  Inn.  He  seems  to  have  been 
a  singular  humorist,  very  fond  of  scribbling.  He  was 
probably  grandfather  of  Bishop  Hildesley,  whose  name 
was  also  Mark.] 


THE    EARLY    EDITIONS    OF    FOXe's    BOOK    OF 
MARTYRS. 

(2'"^  S.  viii.  221.  271.  334.  403.) 

I  have  to  return  my  best  thanks  to  some  fifteen 
correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who  in  Nos.  196. 
199.  and  202.  have  contributed  their  various  re- 
plies, all  more  or  less  interesting,  in  answer  to  my 
inquiries  on  this  subject. 

Further  investigation  continues  to  prove  that 
I  gave  a  correct  list  of  the  dates  of  the  first  nine 
editions ;  and,  apparently,  for  the  first  time. 
Among  our  old  authors  of  repute,  not  only  Strype 
was  wrong  as  to  the  first  edition,  but  also  Bishop 
Burnet  and  Oldmixon,  who  placed  it  in  1561. 
Even  Herbert,  in  his  edition  of  Ames's  Typo-- 
gi-aphical  Antiquities,  assigned  it  to  1562  instead  of 
1563,  and  he  was  only  doubtfully  corrected  by  Dr. 
_Dib(Hn.  Mr.  Hartshorne,  in  his  Book  Rarities  of 
Cambridge,  1829,  notices  one  of  the  copies  in  the 
Public  Library  of  the  University  as  being  of  the 
date  1562,  and  strangely  says,  "  Of  the  first  im- 
pression of  this  truly  national  and  important, 
book,  the  present  is  the  only  perfect  copy  known 
to  exist."  In  truth,  no  date  is  placed  on  the 
title-page  of  the  first  edition  ;  but  in  the  colo- 
phon, at  its  close,  it  is  stated  to  be  "  Imprinted 
at  London  by  John  Day,  dwelling  over  Alders- 
gate  beneth  St.  Martin's.  Anno  1563,  the  20  of 
March,"  meaning,  I  presume,  1563-4.  In  the 
large  woodcut  of  Day  the  printer's  portrait, 
which  is  placed  in  the  same  page,  the  date  1562 
appears  behind  his  head,  which  may  have  led  to 


2''^  S.  VIII.  Deo.  10.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


473 


that  year  being  taken  for  the  date  of  the  book, 
particulnrly  if  the  lower  part  of  the  leaf  were 
torn  away.  I  also  find,  from  a  passage  in  p.  609., 
that  the  book  was  printed,  so  far  as  that  page,  in 
1562.  Dr.  Dibdin,  writing  in  1836,  says  of  the 
first  edition :  — 

"  I  believe  that  the  only  known  perfect  copies  are  in  the 
libraries  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Thomas  Grenville  and  T.  Wilkes 
[John  VVilks],  Esq.,  M.P.  The  latter  had  belonged  to 
the  late  Mr.  Hurd,  and  was  purchased  at  the  sale  of  his 
libraiy  for  25/.   (^Reminiscences  of  a  Literary  Life,  p.  843.) 

The  copy  recently  belonging  to  Mr.  Darling's 
Ecclesiastical  Library  was  sold,  I  believe,  for  a 
much  larger  sum  ;  but  I  am  not  aware  who  is  its 
present  possessor.  I  have,  however,  now  heard 
of  at  least  nine  or  ten  perfect  copies  of  the  first 
edition.  Besides  those  already  mentioned  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  there  is  one  in  the  Library  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  among  the  books  of  Archbishop 
Wake. 

Second  edition,  1570.  There  are  at  Oxford 
copies  of  this  edition  in  the  libraries  of  Oriel, 
Lincoln,  Magdalen,  St.  John's,  and  N^ew  Col- 
leges ;  and  one  in  the  Cathedral  Library  at  York. 
In  private  hands,  one  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
Oflfor  at  Hackney.  Mr.  Pocock  has  mentioned 
his  Imperfect  copy  in  p.  335. 

Third  edition,  1576.  "  Mr.  Heber  possessed  a 
fine  copy  of  this  edition  bound  In  one  volume  in 
its  primitive  stamped  binding."  (Dibdin's  Ames, 
iv.  140.)  At  Oxford  there  are  copies  at  Christr 
Church  and  Wadham. 

Fourth  edition,  1583.  This  is  In  the  library  of 
All  Souls  College,  Oxford. 

Fifth  edition,  1596 — 7.  A  "  magnificent  copy  " 
of  this  edition,  in  the  Duke  of  Devonshire's 
library  at  Chatsworth,  is  mentioned  by  Dibdin, 
in  Ames's  Typog.  Antiq.  Iv.  182.  There  Is  one 
In  the  library  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Maitland  at  Glou- 
cester. At  Oxford  it  is  to  be  found  at  Merton 
and  Brazeuose. 

Sixth  edition,  IQIO.  Mr.  Offor  has  a  very 
fine  copy  of  this,  which  formerly  belonged  to 
Mr.  Sharon  Turner.  At  Oxford  it  Is  In  the  libra- 
ries of  University  and  Wadham  Colleges. 

Seventh  edition,  1632.  Mr.  Ofibr  has  this  per- 
fect, in  three  volumes.  At  Oxford  it  is  in  the 
libraries. of  Exeter  and  Jesus. 

Eighth  edition,  1641.  Of  this,  besides  the 
copies  already  mentioned,  I  have  heard  of  one  in 
the  York  Subscription  Library,  one  In  the  Chet- 
ham  Library  at  Manchester,  Imperfect  copies  In 
the  Chetham  Libraries  at  Turton  and  Gorton; 
and  one  in_the  library  of  George  Ormerod,  Esq. 
at  Sedbury  Park.  At  Oxford  it  is  In  the  libraries 
of  Balliol,  Queen's,  Christ  Church,  and  Magdalen 
Hall. 

With  respect  to  A.  B.  ll.'s  Inquiry  (p.  334.) 
regarding  the  framework  border,  dated  1574, 
"applied  to  the  "  Continuation "   in  the  edition  of 


1641,  I  apprehend  the  answer  must  be  that  it  was 
engraved  for  some  other  work  —  perhaps  a  Bible, 
printed  in  1574.  I  am  able  to  inform  him  posi- 
tively that  it  had  been  used  for  Fulke's  New  Tes- 
tament, printed  in  1589. 

To  the  list  of  public  libraries  whicli  possess 
only  the  edition  of  1684,  I  have  to  add  those  of 
Corpus  and  Trinity  Colleges,  Oxford  ;  Lincoln's 
Lin  and  the  Inner  Temple  ;  Dr.  Williams's  li- 
brary in  Redcross  Street,  and  Archbishop  Marsh's 
at  Dublin.  It  Is  also  at  Oxford  in  the  libraries  of 
Queen's,  Christchurch,  Wadham,  and  Worcester. 

Of  the  few  copies  still  remaining  in  churches, 
I  have  heard  only  of  those  — 

At  Noi'thwold  in  Norfolk :  of  the  last  folio 
edition  of  1684.  It  is  in  the  worst  possible  state, 
and  one  of  the  three  volumes  has  but  a  few  leaves 
remaining.  Each  volume  retains  the  staple  with 
part  of  the  chain  by  which  it  was  formerly  at- 
tached to  a  desk. 

At  Lessingham  in  the  same  county  remains  In 
the  chancel  the  hutch,  surmounted  by  a  desk, 
that  was  made  to  contain  the  Book  of  Maj-tyrs. 
This  remarkable  piece  of  church  furniture  is  re- 
presented in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  Feb. 
1846,  accompanied  by  a  letter  from  the  late  Mr. 
Dawson  Turner.  I  have  not,  however,  learned 
of  what  edition  the  copy  is. 

At  St.  Cuthbert's,  Wells,  co.  Somerset,  is  a 
mutilated  copy  In  three  volumes,  of  the  edition  of 
1632.  These  also  have  part  of  their  chains  re- 
maining on  their  covers,  but  they  are  now  put 
aside  in  the  vestry. 

At  Chelsea,  Middlesex. 

At  Apethorp,  co.  Northampton.- 

At  Arreton,  I.  Wight,  in  3  vols. 

At  Stratford- on- Avon. 

The  dates  of  these  copi-es  I  have  not  yet  learned, 
but  shall  feel  obliged  by  being  informed.  But 
the  dates  already  given  show  that  the  book  was 
placed  in  churches,  not  only  in  the  reign  of  Eliz- 
abeth, but  throughout  the  seventeenth  century. 
This  would  be  done  either  by  the  zeal  of  indi- 
viduals, or  at  the  voluntary  cost  of  the  parish- 
ioners, not  by  any  authoritative  injunction.  It 
was' a  symbol  of  religious  opinion;  as,  for  ex- 
ample, in  the  libellous  description  of  the  estab- 
lishment at  Little  Gidding,  entitled  The  Ar- 
minian  Nunnery,  we  find  this  passage  :  — 

"  For  another  show,  that  they  would  not  be  accounted 
Popish,  they  have  gotten  the  Book  of  Martyrs  in  the 
Chapel;  but  few  or  none  are  suffered  to  read  therein,  but 
only  it  is  there  (I  say)  kept  for  a  show." 

How  untrue  an  aspersion,  however,  this  was,  is 
proved  by  various  passages  in  the  Life  of  Nicholas 
Ferrar  by  his  brother,  which  state  how  both  that 
remarkable  man  and  his  venerable  mother  es- 
teemed the  Booh  of  Martyrs  next  to  the  Holy 
Scriptures  :  and  how,  every  Sunday  evening,  in 
their  community  at  Little  Gidding,  after  supper. 


474 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[a-id  S.  Vni.  Dec.  10,  'or, 


first  "  one  read  a  chapter  [from  the  Bible],  and 
then  another,  that  had  first  supped,  went  to  the 
desk  and  read  a  story  out  of  the  Book  of  Mar- 

I  beg  to  solicit  further  information  respecting 
the  dates  of  copies,  or  fragments  of  copies,  re- 
maining in  churches.  John  Gough  Nichols. 


I  In  Baker's  MS.  (among  the  Harj.  MSS.)  vi. 
j  93.  is  a  letter  to  B.  Whichcot  from  S.  Hilder- 
j  sham,  dated  1641.  See  also  Clarke's  Lives  (1677), 
I  pp.  122—124.,  Ph.  Henry's  Life,  by  J.  B.  Wil- 
S  liams,  pp.  270,  271.,  and  Index.  Thos.  Blake's 
j  VindicicB  Foederis  is  dedicated  to  S.  Hildersham, 
junior.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 


filLSEBSHAM,    ARTHUR   AND    SAMUEL. 

(2"«  S.  viii.  431.) 

On  Arthur  Hildersham  of  Christ's  College, 
Cambridge,  see  Fuller's  Worthies  (8vo.  ed,),  i. 
239.,  and  Church  History  (ed.  Brewer),  v.  265.  ; 
vi.  83.  85.;  Calamy's  Account  Qln(\.  ed.),  p.  195., 
%vho  elsewhere  ranks  him  among  the  friends  of 
Gilpin  (p.  750.),  and  of  Fairclough  (p.  636.,  cf. 
Clarke's  Lives,  1683,  ii.  157.)  Baxter  intended 
to  have  applied  to  his  son  for  materials  to  draw 
up  a  life  of  him.  (Clarke,  ihid.  Pref.)  He  had 
the  good  sense  to  dislike  the  coarse  flattery  which 
so  often  disfigures  the  funeral  sermons  of  his 
party  {ihid.  p.  129.).  He  was  in  the  habit  of 
taking  notes  of  sermons  (ibid.  135.).  He  was  a 
neighbour  of  Herring's.  (Clarke's  Lives,  1677, 
pp.  160,  161.)  The  celebrated  William  Brad- 
shaw  was  maintained  at  Emmanuel,  "  partly  by 
some  supplies  afforded  him  from  two  noble 
Knights  of  the  honourable  house  of  the  Hastings, 
Sir  Edward  and  Sir  Francis,  ....  upon  the 
recommendation,  and  at  the  motion  of  that  worthy 
servant  of  God,  now  with  God,  Master  Arthur 
Hildersham,  who  was  himself  also  allied  to  that 
Family."  (Jhid.  p.  26.)  Bradshaw  was  after- 
wards recommended  by  Hildersham  to  his  patron, 
Alexander  Redich  {ihid.  p.  43.).  He  was  a  plain 
preacher  {ibid.  p.  305.).  He  maintained  the  law- 
fulness of  set  forms  of  prayer  {ihid.  p.  306.) 
He  was  a  friend  of  Preston's  {ibid.  pp.  82.  98.)  ; 
and  of  Gouge's  {ihid.  p.  238.}.  See  farther  Cot- 
ton Mather's  Magnalia,  book  ii.  p.  16.,  book  iii. 
pp.71.  74.;  LiiWy" s  Autobiographi/  (ed.  1774),  p.  6.; 
Owen  Stockton's  Life  (1681,  p.  G.)  ;  John  Angler's 
Life  (1683,  pp.  33.  42.)  ;  Nichols'  Leicestershire  ; 
Brook's  Puritans,  ii.  376 — 388  ;  Index  to  Han- 
bury's  Historical  Memorials ;  Wilson's  Dissenting 
Churches,  i.  28. ;  Baker's  MS.  (among  the  Har- 
leian  MSS.)  iv.  77. ;  Kennett's  MS.  (MS.  Lansd. 
984.),  i.  fol.  154. 

Of  Samuel  Hildersham  there  is  a  notice  in 
Calamy.  {Account,  &c.  pp.  560,  743.,  Contin.  723.) 
In  Baker's  copy  of  \X\q  Account,  I  find  the  fol- 
lowing notes :  — 

"Sam.  Hildcrsam  Coll.  Eman.  Art.  Bac.  1G12  \i.e. 
161|.3 

"  Sam.  Hildersam  Coll.  Eman.  Art.  M'.  1616.  Regr. 

"  Sam.  Hildersham,  born  ia  Leycestershire,  elected 
Fellow  of  Eman.  Coll.  circa  an.  1620. 

"  Sam.  Hiideraam,  B.D.,  subscribes  the  three  Articles, 
as  one  of  the  University  Preachers,  an.  1624.  Regr. 
Acad." 


"SYR   TRYAMOURE. 

(2»d  S.  viii.  225.  359.) 

!  A  careful  perusal  of  the  above  poem,  induced 
;  by  the  discussion  in  your  pages  of  certain  of  its 
difficulties,  has  led  me  to  venture  to  make  the 
.  following  Notes  on  Mr.  Boys's  explanations.  It 
j  was  not  until  a  few  days  ago  that,  by  the  kindness 
.  of  the  original  Querist,  I  was  enabled  to  get  a 
;  sight  of  the  book,  or  these  Notes  would  have  been 
;  sent  earlier. 

j  2.  "  The  fyrste  that  rode  iioghtfor  thy," 

I  may  mean   not  for  them,  but  this  meaning  will 
hardly  suit  1. 400.,  where  precisely  the  same  phrase 
(  occurs : — 

I  "  Sche  had  grete  mornyng  in  hur  herte, 

For  sche  wyste  not  whedur-warde 

That  sche  was  besle  to  goone. 
She  rodeforthe  noghtfor  thj 
To  the  londe  of  Hongarj' 
T3'lle  sche  come  thedur  wyth  woo." 
Here  the  phrase  seems  to  mean  never  the  less, 
or  notwithstanding,  but  it  requires  confirming  by 
other     examples.       For-thy     occurs     repeatedly 
throughout  the  poem  in  its  usual  sense  of  there- 
fore. 

3.  "  Mai/  sic  yowrys  he  tcyth  chaueuce." 
Mr.  Boys'  suggestion  of  may-be  being  divided  in 
this  instance  seems  to  be  confirmed  by  1.  1008. 
"Os  it  wylle  be  may;""  but  another  suggestion  is 
that  be  ^=by  \s  a.  gloss  on  with,  or  vice  versa. 

4.  Every  of,  is  by  no  means  uncommon.     The 
following  are  additional  examples  from  Chaucer  : 

"  Hei'e  in  this  prison  mosten  we  endure, 
And  everich  of  us  take  his  aventure." 

Knightes  Tale,  1188. 
"  Hath  everich  q/'them  brought  an  hundred  knightes." 

Ibid.  2101, 

5.  In  hye  occurs  in  other  parts  of  the  poem  in 
the  sense  of  I'/i  haste.    (Cf.  the  verb  hie  ==■  hasten)  : 

"  To  a  wode  they  wente  in  hye."  —  1.  277. 
"  There  come  they  to  hyra  hi  hye."  —  1.  301. 
So   in  the  Avoivynge  of  King  Arthur   (Cam. 
Soc.)  : 

"  The  Kinge  base  armut  him  in  hie." —  v.  13. 
"  Thaj're  scheme  schildus  con  he  riue, 
And  faure  felle  he  belj'ue, 

In  hie  in  that  bete." —  xlii.  16. 
So  Chaucer : 

"  But  in  his  blacke  clothes  sorwefully 
He  came  at  his  commandement  on  hie." 

Knightes  Tale,  2981. 


2'"«  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


475 


"  This  Soudan  for  his  prive  councel  sent 

and  charged  hem  in  lite.  1 

To  shapen  for  his  lif  som  remedie." 

31.  of  Laioes  Tale,  4C29, 

On  the  other  hand,  we  have  in  Thomas  Beket  I 
(Percy  Soc.) : 

"  The  King  sat  an  hey  on  his  cee." — v.  773.  | 

And  in  Antnrs  of  Arther  (Camd.  Soc.)  :  ! 

"  There  my^te  hathels  in  hye  herdus  be-hold,"  I 

where  the  meaning  seems  to  be  on-high.     In  the  ', 

passage  in  question  it  may  mean  haughtily. 

6.    Werne  =  forbid,  refuse,  is  of  very  frequent 
occurrence.     Thus  in  Avowynge  of  Arther  : 
"  I  a- vow  bi  my  life 

Nere  werne  no  mon  of  my  mete."  —  ix.  13. 

"  None  the  King  sayd, '  Fie  he  ne  can 
Ne  werne  his  mete  to  no  man.'  "  —  xlv.  2. 

So  in  Si?'  Amadace  (xiii.  11.)  : 

"  And  pore  men  for  Goddus  sake 
He  fed  horn  euyriche  day ; 
Quil  he  hade  any  gud  to  take. 
He  wernelt  no  mon  for  Goddus  sake." 

So  In  Thomas  Behet  (v.  1274.)  : 

"  The  Pope  bigan  to  sike  sore ;  mid  Avel  dreorl  thoyt 
The  teres  urne  out  of  his  even,  lie  ne  mi  jte  hem  werne 
no3t." 

So  in  Romaunt  of  the  Rose  (see  Richardson). 
7, 8.  Mr.  Boys  has  probably  given  the  true  mean- 
ing of  these,  unless  we  be  a  misprint  for  ivedd. 

9.  Smalle.  There  seems  no  necessity  for  any 
such  farfetched  derivation  in  this  case  as  sam- 
mcele.  Most  likely  smalle  is  used  substantively, 
as  adjectives  constantly  are  in  the  old  romances. 
Cf.  "that  stern''  {Antnrs,  311.),  "that  lovely,'' 
"  that  gay  "  {lb.  41.  10.),  &c. 

10.  Wayne,  no  doubt  means  swing,  whether  the 
reading  be  correct,  or  (as  is  not  improbable)  the 
true  reading  be  u-ayiie,  i.  e.  wave.  Wayne  ^ 
strikes,  or,  goes  at,  occurs  in  the  Anturs  (xlii.  2.)  : 

"  Thenne  with  steroppus  fulle  stre3te,  stifly  be  strikes 
Waynes  atte  Sir  Wawane  ry^te  as  he  were  wode." 

11.  Withynney-u-is.  The  recurrence  more  than 
once  in  the  poem  of  the  words  withynne  and  y-wis, 
lead  inevitably  to  the  conclusion  that  the  above  is 
a  mere  typographical  error,  which  "  the  learned 
editor"  is  not  at  all  unlikely  to  have  overlooked. 
The  very  same  phrase,  '•'•farre  within,"  occurs  in 
one  of  Hey  wood's  interludes  {Lover  Loved)  : 

"  Where  folke  be./arre  luithin  a  man  must  knock." 
Introd.  to  iVit  and  Folly  (Percy  Soc),  xxvii. 

The  instance,  brought  forward  by  Mr.  Boys 
to  back  his  conjecture,  does  not  apply,  as  he  will 
be  the  first  to  see  if  he  will  kindly  look  over  the 
passage  again : 

"  The  hound  rennyth  evyr  y-wis 
Tylle  he  come  there  hys  maystyr  ys." 

There  was  no  need  for  the  dog  to  run  every- 
wise,  inasmuch  as  he  had  come  straight  from  his 


master's   grave   to  the  palace ;    and   not  having 
found  his  master's  murderer  there,  he  returned 
straight  without  stopping  to  the  grave.     This  is 
confirmed  by  what  is  said  a  few  lines  farther  on  : 
"  When  he  goth,  pursewe  hym  then 
For  ecymiore  he  wylle  renne 
Tj'lle  he  come  there  hys  maystyr  ys." 
And  again  : 

"  Eeste  wolde  he  nevyr  have 
Tylle  lie  come  to  hys  maystyr's  grave." 

With  regard  to  No.  1.  — "  Y  may  evyr  after 
this,"  &c.,  I  confess  myself  to  be  entirely  at  a 
loss,  unless  may  =  can  make,  am  able  to  cause, 
i.  e.  I  can  bring  to  pass  that,  if  ever  after  this 
thou  wouldest  entice  me  to  do  amiss,  no  sport 
should  please  thee.  It  is  worth  noting  that  in 
every  other  passage  in  the  poem  where  game  and 
glee  occur,  their  positions  are  reversed,  e.  g. 
1.  462. : 

"  But  ther  gamyd  hur  no  glewe." 
So  1.  1467. : 

"  Then  gamyd  hym  no  glee." 
Two  other  passages  struck  me  as  noteworthy, 
viz.  : 

"  That  they  myght  have  there  a  space, 
Knyghtys  of  dyvers  a  place.''  —  1.  656. 

"  Nor  no  wepyn  hytn  with  to  were."  —  I.  677. 
But  they  present  only  peculiarities  of  construc- 
tion, not  real  difficulties.  J.  Eastwood. 


JAMES    ANDERSON. 

{Concluded from  p.  459.) 
II. 

"  Extract  from  part  of  a  Letter  in  Draft  from  James  An  - 
derson,  Esq.,  to  his  Cousin,  James  Anderson,  Westmin- 
ster. 

"Edin.,  June  10,1711. 
"  I  presume  you  will  not  grudge  to  call  at  the  noble 
and  civil  Earle  [of  Rochester],  give  my  most  humble 
duty,  and  acquaint  his  lordship  what  money  I  have  re- 
mitted to  him.*  As  to  the  overplus,  be  pleased  to  pay 
Mr.  George  Gordon  what  1  owe  him  for  news  prints 
whenever  he  is  pleased  to  call  for  it,  and  give  him  ten 
shillings ;  and  for  what  remains  1  shall  give  you  direc- 
tions at  mv  next  remittance  for  Lady  Campbell  [of  Caw- 
dor]. 

"  Since  my  last  to  you,  I  have  seen  a  friend  who  gives 
me  a  melancholy  account  of  Mar3-,  and  of  your  concern 
and  good  advices  to  her,  and  of  Janet's  care  of  her ;  but  I 
find  she  is  buoyed  up  with  pride  and  self-conceit,  if  not 
worse ;  for,  my  dear  friend,  you  have  acted  such  a  kind 
part  in  that  inatter,  that  I'll  use  the  freedom  to  tell  you 
that,  as  I  hinted  formerl.v,  she  came  to  London  without 
my  knowledge,  and  directly  against  the  advice  of  her  best 
friends ;  but  I  understood  she  has  lost  her  reputation  by 
Ij'eing  and  keeping  bad  companj';  yet  such  was  my 
lenity,  and  in  hopes  of  lier  amendment,  that  I  not  only 
concealed  her  misbehaviour,  but  endeavoured  to  put  her 
in  the  way  of  business  —  above  all,  in  good  company. 

*  "  The  money  mentioned  was  the  feu-duty  exigible 
for  Islay,  to  which  the  family  of  Hyde  had  right,  although 
Campbell  of  Calder  held  the  property  of  the  island." 


476 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2«d  s.  VIII.  Deo.  10.  '69. 


)n,  Writei-  to  the  Signet,  "\ 
las  Paterson,  f 

d  Star  CofFee-liouse,         f 
Hay  Market,  London.     J 


She  made  many  a  solemn  promise  of  good  behaviour,  and 
I  as  many  protestations  if  she  did  not  I  would  never  own 
her,  and  that  she  should  stay  in  the  house.* 

III. 
"  Janet  Anderson  to  her  Father,  Jas.  Anderson,  Esq. 
"  Edinburgh,  15th  May,  1712. 

"My  dear  Father, —  I  am  glad  to  hear  you  are  win 
safe  to  your  journej-'s  end,  blessed  be  God  for  it.  Seeing 
you  minded  me  in  j'our  last  letter,  I  could  not  fail  to  ac- 
quaint you  that  I'll  endeavour  to  follow  your  good  advice 
in  ever3'thing.  Dear  Sir,  if  you  be  not  come  off,  Avhen 
this  conies  to  hand,  I  hope  you'll  favour  me  with  a  line ; 
and  if  you  be  come  off,  I  will  be  better  content.  Be 
pleased  to  mind  my  dozen  of  housewifes,  if  it  be  not 
troublesome. 

"All  friends  is  well,  and  gives  their  service  to  3-ou,  as 
does  my  Aunt  Dreghorn  t>  and  your  most  affect,  obed. 
daughter  till  death,  Janet  Anderson. 

"  For  Mr.  James  Anderson,  Writer  to  the  Signet," 
Att  Mr  Thoma 
Att  the  Crown  and 
Att  the  Foot  of  the  Hay 

IV. 

"  Mr.  Patrick  Anderson,  to  his  Father,  James 
Anderson,  Esq. 

"York,  January  12,  1722-3, 
"  Six  in  the  Morning. 

"  My  dearest  Sir,  —  Being  just  setting  out  I  have 
only  time  to  acquaint  you  what  we  are  come  after  here, 
though  we  had  the  misfortune  to  have  the  exell  of  our 
coach  twice  broken,  which  detains  us  on  the  road  three 
days  and  a-half ;  so  altered  the  stages  that  Mr.  Spight 
was  obliged  to  fite  out  a  by-coach  for  us. 

"  I  have  both  yours,  and  hope  to  have  another  at 
Stamford,  where,  God  willing,  we'll  be  Monday's  evening, 
and  at  London  on  Thursda3',  where  I  expect  directions 
from  you  about  everj'thing,  for  without  them,  you  know, 
I  can  apply  to  nobody,  nor  so  much  as  open  mj'  mouth 
about  the  story  I'm  going  about.  You  forgot  to  tell  me 
the  price  of  the  hooks  for  the  Duke  of  Argyle,  and  Mr. 
Herriot  did  not  tell  what  I  was  to  demand  of  the  Earl  of 
Kinnoul,  but  I  suppose  you'll  forget  nothing  I  am  to  do  at 
London.  I  would  wish  you  would  send  all  j'our  public 
papers  with  memorials,  so  as  I  may  not  be  idle  nor  lose 
time,  in  case  the  matter  of  the  grant  should  be  moved  at 
the  sitting  of  the  House,  or  a  fair  opportunity  for  getting 
the  JEque,  &c.,  &c.  Send  me  one  or  two  of  your  printed 
catalogues  J,  the  list  made  by  Mr.  Campbell,  &c.,  &c.,  of 
the  Arcana,  and  likewise  the"  long  list  made  by  yourself, 
because  these  will  enable  me  to  discourse  of  them. 

"  All  the  boxes  vi-ent  safe  from  Newcastle ;  and  j'ester- 
day  I  met  Mrs.  M'Ewen  §  in  good  health.  We  are  so 
early  out  and  late  in  that  I  can't  write  so  often  on  the 
road,  which  obliges  Babie  [Barbara,  his  wife]  to  make 
her  apology  for  not  writing  either  to  her  own  friends  or 
mine.    We  offer  our  humble  duty  and  service  to  both, 

*  "  Mary  afterwards  married  respectably,  and  went 
abroad  with  her  husband,  Peter  de  Gardeine  or  Garden." 

t  "  Wife  of  Pitcairn  of  Dreghorn,  the  only  sister  of 
James  Anderson." 

%  "  This  was  a  thin  folio,  of  which  a  few  copies  were 
previously  printed  by  Anderson.  It  is  now  of  very  great 
raritj'^,  and  much  coveted  by  collectors.  The  object  was 
to  induce  some  wealthy  nobleman  or  gentleman  to  pur- 
chase the  entire  collection." 

§  "  Probably  the  wife  of  M'Ewen,  the  Edinburgh  book- 
seller, with  whom  Anderson  was  accustomed  to  deal." 


and  pray  that  God  may  ever  bless  and  preserve  you  and 
them. — Adieu,  dear  Sir. 

"  James  Anderson,  Esq., 
Writer  to  Her  Majesty's  Signet, 

at  Edinburgh.  I  Postage  6d] 

V. 
"  Miss  Anne  Anderson  to  her  Brother,  Patrick. 
"  Deere  Brother,  —  It's  now  six  years  since  I  be- 
came an  exile  from  my  friends  and  countrj',  whereby  I 
am  become  an  alien  to  both,  witliout  so  much  of  a  line' or 
word  from  any,  wholy  forgotten  of  them  tho'  not  without 
Providance  here.  I  have  severall  times  sent  to  my  father, 
and  severall  other  of  my  relations,  among  the  latter  to 
you ;  and  once  more  have  ventured  the  same  to  you  by  a 
gentleman  [by]  whome  I  have  the  opportunity  to  de- 
lever,  as  will  be  the  same  to  you,  in  hope  that  I  may 
engage  an  answer  of  your  good  healths  and  welfare. 
Nothing  more  I  require  of  you,  Providance  having  been 
more  propittious  than  to  lay  me  under  such  state  as  to 
crave  allmes,  or  any  assistance  of  any  person,  yet  have 
so  much  affection  as  to  desire  the  welfare  of  mj'  relations, 
tho'  I  cannot  partak  inimedietely.  Waiting  your  answer, 
your  affectionate  Sister,  "        Anne  Anderson. 

"  Kent  County,  Maryland,  ) 
July  14,  1718.  j 

"  Direct  for  me  at  Mr.  Thomas  Bownes,  attorney-at- 
law,  in  Kent  County,  in  Edinburgh.     I  have  not  forgote 
my   respects   to  all   mj'  friends,   especially  my  brother 
James,  and  all  my  sisters.  —  A.  A. 
"  Mr.  Patrick  Anderson,*  '^ 

At  Mr.  James  Anderson.  —  This.  J 
"  This  letter  establishes  the  fact  that  one  of  Anderson's 
daughters  settled  in  America.    Perhaps  she  married  there, 
and  there  maj'  be  still  existing  descendants  of  James 
Anderson  there. 

VI. 
"  Earl  of  Kinnoul  to  James  Anderson,  Esq. 

"  Whitehall,  April  4,  1723. 
"  Sir,  —  I  am  much  obliged  to  you  for  yours  of  March 
28,  received  Saturdaj"-. 

"  The  more  I  consider  the  account  of  the  MSS.  in  Sir 
Eobert  Sibbald's  auction,  I  am  the  more  confirmed  in  the 
resolution  I  sent  j'ou  in  mj-  last,  that  I  will  by  no  means 
medle  with  the  whole  collection  at  200/.  .        .        ." 

"  The  rest  of  the  letter  is  torn  awaj'.  The  greater  por- 
tion of  the  Sibbald  MSS.  belongs  now  to  the  Library  of 
the  Faculty  of  Advocates.  The  Earl  of  Kinnoul  was  the 
nobleman  summoned  to  the  House  of  Peers  as  Lord  Hay 
of  Petwardine,  31st  December,  1711.  He  married  a 
daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Oxford  and  Mortimer,  and  pro- 
bably acquired  his  taste  for  books  from  that  nobleman. 
He  was  a  high  Tory ;  and  his  English  peerage  originated 
unquestionably  in  the  determination  of  Queen  Anne,  as 
suggested  by  her  Ministers,  to  keep  them  in  by  a  crea- 
tion of  twelve  Peers,  to  ensure  a  majority  in  the  Upper 
House. 

«  VIL 
"  Claim  of  James  Anderson  against  Government,  for  the 
publication  of  the  ^  DiplomatoB  Scotia.'  (^From  the 
original,  in  his  own  handwriting,  amongst  the  Collection 
of  his  Papers  in  the  Library  of  tlie  Faculty  of  Advo- 
•  Gates.") 
"  To  Besting  of  Estimate  made  by  the 

Parliament  of  Scotland      -         -         •    £740     0     0 
By   interest  thereof  from   Midsummei', 

1710 — before  which  time  it  was  laid 

*  "  Afterwards  the  celebrated  President  of  the  Court  of 
Session." 


2''<»  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


477 


out  —  to  Christmas,  1722,  being  twelve 
and  a-lialf  years,  at  five  per  cent.        •       462  10     0 
To  Loss  of  Employment  as  a  Writer  to  » 

the  Signet,  from  1708  to  1722,  inclu- 
sive, being  fifteen  years,  at  300Z.  per 
annum 4,500    0    0 


£5,702  10    0 
By  being  Postmaster  of  Scotland,  from 
Midsummer,  1715,  to  Christmas,  1717, 
and  since  by  pension  of  200?.  per  an- 
num, being  seven  years  and  a-half     -£1,500    0     0 


By  yet  resting  owing 


-£4,202  10     0" 


STRATFORD   FAMILY. 

(2"^  S.  viii.  376.) 

Mr.  J.  G.  Nichols,  in  his  notes  to  Erasmus's 
Pilgrimages,  p.  99.,  states  that  the  two  Lord 
Chancellors,  John  de  Stratford,  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  and  his  brother  Eobert  de  Stratford, 
Archdeacon  of  Canterbury  and  Bishop  of  Chiches- 
ter, were  believed  to  be  the  nephews  of  Ralph 
Hatton  de  Stratford,  Bishop  of  London. 

By  Foss's  Judges  of  England,  vol.  ili.  pp.  515- 
521.,  the  precise  dates  of  the  appointment  of  each 
of  the  brothers  appear  to  have  been  as  follows  : — 

"John  de  Stratford,  Chancellor  from  Nov.  28,  1330 
(Rot.  Claus.  4  Edw.  III.  m.  16.)  to  Sept.  28,  1334  (Ibid. 
8  Edw.  III.  m.  10.).  Again  Chancellor  from  June  6, 
1335,  to  March  24,  1337  {Ibid.  9  Edw.  III.  m.  23. ;  11 
Edw.  III.  p.  i.  m,  29.)  A  third  time  Chancellor  from 
April  28,  1340,  to  June  20  in  the  same  year  {Ibid.  14  Edw. 
III.  p.  1.  m.  27.  and  m.  13.). 

"  Uobert  de  Stratford,  Keeper  of  the  Seal  to  his  brother 
in  1331,  1332,  1334,  1335  (Ibid.  5  Edw.  III.  m.  17.  20.  p. 
2.  m.  2. ;  6  Edw.  III.  m.  22. ;  8  Edw.  HI.  m.  27. ;  9  Edw. 
III.  m.  23.).  Chancellor  from  March  24,  1337,  on  his 
brother's  resignation,  to  July  6,  1338  (Ibid.  11  Edw.  III. 
p.  1.  m.  29. ;  12  Edw.  III.  p.  2.  m.  33.).  Again  Chancel- 
lor from  June  20  to  Nov.  30,  1340  (Ibid.  14  Edw.  III.  p. 
1.  m.  13.).     The  former  died  in  1348 ;  the  latter  in  1362." 

D.  S. 


Robert  Stratford  of  Baltinglass,  Ireland,  the  an- 
cestor of  the  Earls  of  Aldborough,  was  the  third 
son  of  Edward  Stratford  of  Nuneaton,  co.  War- 
wick, Esq.  This  Edward  was  the  son  of  John 
Stratford  of  Nuneaton,  and  nephew  of  Robert 
Stratford,  a  citizen  of  London,  who  died  in  1615, 
and,  by  his  will  proved  at  Doctors'  Commons,  de- 
vised estates  at  Nuneaton  and  Ansley  to  be  en- 
joyed by  his  nephew  when  he  attained  the  age  of 
twenty-eight  years.  Edward  Stratford  seems  at 
that  time  (1615)  to  have  been  at  the  University  of 
Oxford.  I  should  be  glad  to  ascertain  to  which 
of  the  Colleges  he  belonged. 

I  have  little  doubt  that  the  family  at  Nuneaton 
was  a  branch  of  the  Farmcote  Stratfords,  but  I 
have  not  been  able  hitherto  to  trace  the  con- 
nexion between  them.  A  Query  upon  this  sub- 
ject was  inserted  in  "N.  &  Q."  (2°'^  S.  i.  301.),  but 


I  am  sorry  to  say  it  elicited  no  reply.  The  pedigree 
of  the  Stratfords  of  Nuneaton  (and  afterwards  of 
Merivale)  is  to  be  found  in  the  Heralds'  Visita- 
tion of  Warwickshire  of  1682,  at  the  College  of 
Afms,  but  it  commences  only  with  the  above- 
mentioned  Edward.  Is  the  Dublin  Heralds'  Of- 
fice likely  to  possess  a  pedigree  whereby  the 
descent  of  the  family  can  be  traced  from  the  re- 
mote age  mentioned  by  De  W ante,  p.  424. 

Nicholas  Stratford,  Bishop  of  Chester,  was  the 
son  of  Nicholas  Stratford  of  Hemel  Hempstead, 
CO,  Hertford.  He  appears  by  the  tablet  to  his 
memory  at  Chester  Cathedral  (the  arms  upon 
which  are,  gules  a  fesse  humettee  between  three 
trestles,  argent)  to  have  left  an  only  son,  William 
Stratford,  Archdeacon  of  Richmond  and  a  Canon 
of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  who  died  in  1729,  and 
left  considerable  property  to  augment  the  incomes 
of  poor  livings. 

A  memoir  and  portrait  appeared  in  the  Gen- 
tlemaiis  Magazine  of  a  William  Stratford,  Esq., 
LL.D.,  who  died  in  1753,  "  late  Commissary  of 
the  Archdeaconry  of  Richmond,"  and  said  to  have 
been  a  near  relative  of  the  Bishop  of  Chester 
and  of  the  Lord  Chancellor  Hardwicke.  I  should 
be  glad  to  know  what  the  relationship  was.    F.  H. 


"^t^liti  to  Minat  ^Mtxi^i. 

"  ir  for  ''its"  or  ''his"  (1"  S.  passim.)  — 
Having  contributed  what  up  to  this  time  is  the 
earliest  instance  of  this  usage  noted  in  your  pages 
(2"^  S.  iv.  319.),  I  feel  entitled  to  send  the  fol- 
lowing, which  is  a  still  earlier  instance,  and  has 
the  additional  recommendation  of  being  in  apoet~ 
ical  work,  and  so  putting  an  end  to  a  doubt  ex- 
pressed by  Mr.  Keightley,  "  that  there  are  no 
earlier  instances  among  the  poets  "  than  those  in 
Shakspeare : — 

"  For  I  wille  speke  with  the  sprete 
And  of  hit  woe  wille  I  wete, 
Gif  that  I  may  hit  bales  bete, 
And  the  body  bare." 

Anturs  of  Arther  (Cam.  Soc.  viii.  11.  13.) 

J.  Eastwood. 

The  Play  performed  in  Bishop  Williams's  House 
on  a  Sunday  (2"**  S.  viii.  401.) — During  the  reign 
of  James  I.  plays  were  performed  at  Court  on 
Sundays.  The  statute  3  Car.  I.  c.  4.  absolutely 
prohibited  their  exhibition  on  the  Sabbath  day; 
yet,  notwithstanding  this  act  of  parliauient,  both 
plays  and  masques  were  performed  at  court  on 
Sundays  during  the  first  sixteen  years  of  the  reign 
of  that  king.  (See  May's  History  of  the  Parlia- 
ment of  England.) 

The  statement  regarding  the  performance  of 
the  Midsummer  Night's  Dream  at  Bishop  Wil- 
liams's house,  Sept.  27,  1631,  does  not  rest  solely 
on  the  MS.  at  Lambeth  Palace.     In  John  Spen- 


478 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»<«  S.  Tin.  Dec.  10.  '59. 


cer's  Discourses  upon  Diverse  Petitions  delivered 
into  the  Hands  of  King  James  and  Charles,  4to., 
1641  (quoted  from  Oldys'  MS.  notes  upon  Lang- 
baine,  in  the  Variorum  Shakspeare,  iii.  148.)  we 
read  that :  — 

"  John  Wilson,  a  cunning  musician,  contrived  a  curious 
comedy,  which  being  acted  on  a  Sundaij  night  after  that 
John  bishop  of  Lincoln  had  consecrated  the  earl  of  Cleave- 
land's  sumptuous  chapel,  the  said  John  Spencer  (newly 
made  the  bishop's  commissary  general)  did  present  the 
said  bishop  at  Huntingdon  for  suffering  the  said  comedj^ 
to  be  acted  in  his  house  on  a  Sunday,  though  it  was  nine 
o'clock  at  night;  also  Sir  Sj'dney  Montacute  and  his 
lady,  Sir  Thomas  Iladley  and  his  ladj-.  Master  Wilson, 
and  others,  actors  of  the  same ;  and  because  they  did  not 
appear,  he  sentenced  the  bishop  to  build  a  school  at 
Eaton,  and  endow  it  with  20Z.  a  j-ear  for  a  master ;  Sir 
Sydney  Montacute  to  give  five  pounds  and  five  coats  to 
five  poor  women,  and  his  lady  five  pounds  and  five  gowns 
to  five  poor  widows;  and  the  censure  (says  he)  stands 
yai  unrepealed." 

The  mention  in  this  extract  of  John  Wilson  is 
peculiarly  interesting,  as  adding  another  link  to 
the  chain  already  woven,  that  the  "  Jack  Wilson" 
of  Shakspeare's  stage,  and  John  Wilson  the 
"  cunning  musician,"  were  one  and  the  same 
person.  Edwabd  F.  Rimbault. 

Monumental  Brasses  subsequent  to  1688  (P'  S. 
vi.  149.)  — In  S.John's  Maddermarket  Church, 
Norwich,  are  three  eighteenth  century  monu- 
mental brass  inscriptions. 

1.  William  Adamson,  eighteen  years  rector  of 
the  parish,  who  died  1707. 

2.  Mary,  his  wife,  who  died  1706. 

3.  John  Melchior,  Sen',  died  12  March,  170^, 
and  Cornelius  Melchior,  died  13  March,  1713. 

Nos.  1.  and  2.  were  engraved  at  the  same  time: 
No.  2.  runs  thus  :  — 

"  And  under  his  Coffin  ly^ih 
Mary  his  wife,  who  dyed 
Dec.  21).  1706, 
Aged  72  5'ear3." 

In  the  chancel  of  SB,  Peter  and  Paul  Mancroft 
13  another  to  the  memory  of  Jo.  Dersley  and  his 
wife.     He  died  1708.  J.  L'Estrange. 

Rubbings  of  Brasses  (2""^  S.  viii.  292.)  —  I  do 
not  think  E.  Y.  Lowne  will  find  any  preparation 
necessary  to  preserve  heel-ball  rubbings  from 
brasses,  &c.  I  have  now  before  me  one  made  in 
'47  in  quite  as  .good  a  state  as  when  removed 
from  the  engraved  plate.  I  would  advise  E.  Y. 
Lowne  not  to  fold  his  rubbings,  as  it  would  pre- 
serve them  from  being  torn  if  he  mounted  them 
on  stout  paper  or  linen.  Extraneus. 

Bearded  Women  (2"^  S.  viii.  247.  333.)  — I  send 
you  a  copy  of  a  handbill  in  my  possession  relative 
to  Mademoiselle  Lefort :  — 
"  No.  8.  Gerard  Street,  Soho. 

"Facts!  Amazing  Facts!  Never  exhibited  in  Eng- 
land, JIademoisello  Lefort,  a  first-rate  Phenomenon  of 
French  production,  in  whom  the  sexes  are  so  equally 


i  it  is  impossible  to  say  which  has  the  pre- 
This  is  one  of  the  instances  where  Nature, 


blended  that 
dominance. 

stepping  out  of  her  usual  Track,  produces  to  the  Won- 
dering World  a  magnet  of  irresistible  and  universal 
attraction.  The  hands,  arms,  feet,  and  bust  possess  per- 
fect Feminine  Beauty,  likewise  the  upper  part  of  the 
Face ;  the  lower  part  is  also  beautiful,  but  possessing  the 
Masculine  Accompaniments  of  Beard,  Mustachoes,  and 
Whiskers.  The  curious  must  be  amply  gratified  by  the 
contrasted  beauties  of  her  Person,  the  religious  must  be 
struck  with  saored  awe,  and,  while  in  astonishment  they 
contemplate  Nature's  Works,  will  raise  their  minds'  to 
Nature's  God!  but  to  the  faculty  it  has,  and  ever  will  be, 
an  inexhaustible  source  of  Professional  inquiry.  —  N.B. 
Ladies  may  divest  themselves  of  apprehension,  as  the 
exhibition  is  conducted  with  the  strictest  delicacy.  Ad- 
mittance 2s.  6d  each.  Will  receive  companv  from  One 
till  Ten." 

Edward  Hailstone. 
Ilorton  Hall. 

Lomax  or  Lomas  (2"''  S.  viii.  415.) — It  may 
perhaps  be  useful  to  Mr.  M.  A.  Lower  to  know- 
that  the  above  name  was  written  Lummas  in  the 
early  part  of  the  seventeenth  century.  It  was  so 
entered  in  the  will  of  Mr.  Arthur  Hildersham, 
rector  of  Ashby-de-la-Zouch  in  1630;  and  also 
in  the  registers  of  that  place  in  1627,  on  the  occa- 
sion of  the  marriage  of  his  daughter  Sara  to  a 
Mr.  Jervase  Lummas,  who  seems  to  have  belonged 
to  the  county  Salop.  This  spelling  was  changed 
soon  afterwards ;  for  the  marriage  of  a  daughter 
of  Sara  and  Jervase  was  thus  entered  in  the  West 
Felt  on  church  registers,  — 

"1653.  Mr,  Francis  Tallents,  publique  Preacher,  and 
Mrs.  Anne  Lomax,  niece  to  Mr.  Hildersham,  Kector  of 
West  Felton." 

This  Mr.  Hildersham  was  Samuel,  son  of  Arthur. 
If  Mr.  M.  a.  Lower  possesses  any  information 
respecting  this  Mr.  Jervase  Lummas  or  Lomax  or 
his  descendants,  and  would  kindly  communicate 
it,  I  should  feel  very  much  obliged  to  him. 

T.  E.  S. 

This  surname,  and  its  vernacular  pronunciation 
L3mas,  has  long  been  associated  with  South  Lan- 
cashire. The  ancient  orthography  appears  in  a 
MS.  Rent  Roll  of  Sir  John  Pilkington  of  Bury, 
Knight,  dated  on  Thursday  next  before  the  feast  of 
S.  Valentine  the  Martyr,  13  Henry  VL,  wherein  oc- 
cur, "  Radus  del  Lumhalghes,  Oliverus  del  Lura- 
halghes,  Thomas  del  Lumhalghe  de  Whetyll,  and 
Galfridus  del  Lumhalghes,"  all  holdinglands  within 
the  manor  of  Bury  in  the  co.  of  Lancaster. 

In  a  curious  and  valuabla  local  article  contri- 
buted by  the  Rev.  Canon  Raines  to  the  Chetham 
Society  (^Miscell.  Vol.  1855),  beiftg  "Examyna- 
tyons  towcheynge  Cokeye  IMore,"  tpe  H.  VII., 
one  of  the  witnesses  examined  was  "Lawrens 
Lomats  of  y°  :pish  of  Bolton,  of  the  age  of  Lxx. 
5er'."    The  fam.ily  was  never  heraldic.  R. 

"  Cuiti7ig  ones  Stick"  (2"^  S.  viii.  413.)— This 
"  vulgarism  of  fast  life,"  as  your  correspondent 
calls  it,  is  tantamount  to  the  phrase  of  "  cutting 


2°*  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59.J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


479 


the  connexion,"  or  taking  a  sudden  departure 
from  some  embarrassing  position.  Mr.  Timbs 
refers,  as  its  probable  origin,  to  an  expression  of 
Walpole  in  1770,  in  reference  to  bis  being  able  to 
walk  without  a  stick  after  a  severe  fit  of  ill- 
ness. But  if  the  cant  term  does  not  simply  refer 
to  cutting  a  walking-stick  in  the  hedge  on  the 
occasion  of  any  sudden  journey,  it  may  by  pos- 
sibility have  some  remote  connexion  with  the 
following  unique  passage  in  the  pi'ophet  Zecha- 
riah,  in  which  the  cutting  of  a  stick  is  described 
as  the  symbol  of  abrogating  a  friendly  covenant, 
or  abruptly  breaking  off  the  brotherhood  between 
two  parties  :  — 

".Chap.  xi.  4.— Thus  saith  the  Lord  my  God,  feed  the 
flock  of  the  slaughter. 

G.  For  I  will  no  more  pity  the  inhabitants  of  the 
land,  saith  the  Lord ;  but  lo,  I  will  deliver  the  men  every 
one  into  his  neighbour's  hand. 

7.  And  I  will  feed  the  flock  of  the  slaughter;  even 
j'ou,  oh  poor  of  the  flock.  And  I  took  unto  me  two 
staves ;  the  one  I  called  Beaut}',  and  the  other  I  called 
Bands,  and  I  fed  the  flock. 

8.  Three  shepherds  also  I  cut  oft"  in  one  month ;  and 
my  soul  loathed  them,  and  their  soul  also  abhorred  me. 

10.  xYnd  I  took  my  staff,  even  Beauty,  and  cut  it 
asunder,  that  I  might  li-eak  'iny  covenant  which  I  had  made 
with  all  the  people. 

11.  And  it  was  broken  in  that  da}- ;  and  so  the  poor  of 
the  flock  that  waited  upon  me  knew  that  it  was  the  word 
of  the  Lord. 

12.  And  I  said  unto  them,  if  ye  think  good,  give  me 
mj'  price ;  and  if  not,  forbear.  So  they  weighed  for  my 
price  thirty  pieces  of  silver. 

14.  Then  I  cut  asunder  mine  other  staff',  even  Bands; 
that  I  might  break  the  brotherhood  between  Judah  and 
Israel." 

J.  Emerson  Tennekt. 

"Night,  a  Poem''  (2"''  S.  viii.  11.)  —  Ebenezer 
Elliott,  afterwards  known  as  the  "Corn  Law 
E-hymer,"  published  a  work,  of  which  the  follow- 
ing is  the  title-page  "  Night,  a  Descriptive  Poem, 
Part  I.,  in  4  Books :  London,  printed  for  Baldwin, 
Cradock,  &  Joy,  Paternoster  Row,  1818."  It  was 
printed  at  llotherham  by  a  Mr.  de  Camps.  The 
author's  reply  to  the  Monthly  Reviewer,  Peter 
Faultless  to  his  Brother  Simon,  Talcs  of  Nighty  and 
other  Poems,  was  suppressed  by  him  a  iavf  years 
before  his  death,  and  all  the  copies  on  which  he 
could  lay  his  hands  were  bought  up  and  destroyed. 
Is  J.  O.  correct  in  stating  that  his  copy  of  Night 
has  the  imprimatur  "  Glasgow,  1811?"  If  so,  I 
should  esteem  it  a  favour  if  he  would  furnish  me, 
through  you,  with  an  exact  copy  of  the  title-page. 

Epsilon. 

"  The  style  is  the  man  himself  "  (2"''  S.  viii.  54. 
111.)  — Some  remarks  which  I  forwarded  to  you 
in  reply  to  Andrew  Steinmetz  (p.  54.)  were  an- 
ticipated, and  more  than  supplied,  by  the  complete 
and  authoritative  exposition  from  M.  de  Ciiasles 
(p.  111.).  I  was  glad  to  find  that  a  native  and 
competent  critic  confirmed  what  I,  as  a  mere 
foreign  student  of  the  French  language,  had,  with 


'  some  diffidence,  suggested  :    that  le  style  est  de 
I'homme  seemed  "an  obvious  truism,  unenlivened 
\  by  any  vivacity  or  sententiousness  in  the  expres- 
!  sion  of  it"  (vii.  502.). 

I       In  place  of  my  superseded  remarks,  I  will  offer 
■  you  a  few  examples  that  have  fallen  in  my  way 
I  of    figurative  expression    not   dissimilar   to   that 
'  which    has  been  the   subject   of  this  discussion. 
:  Buffon  himself  thus  turns  his  phrase  In  another 
\  Discours  (Reponse  ix  M.  de  Duras),   "Ne   nous 
;  identlfions  avec  nos  ouvrages  ;    disons  qu'ils  ont 
,  passe  par  nous,  mais  qu'ils  ne  sont  pas  nous ;  se- 
parons  en  notre  existence  morale."     Charron  {La 
\  Sagesse)  says,  "  la  langue  est  tout  le  monde,  en  elle 
I  est  le  bien  et  le  mal,  la  vie  et  la  mort."  "  The  mind 
is  the  man  and  the  knowledge  of  the  mind.     A  man 
I  is  but  what  he   kuoweth,"  Bacon  (In  Praise  of 
Knowledge).     "  Expressions  are  a  modest  clothing 
I  of  our  thoughts,  as  breeches  and  petticoats  are  of 
our  bodies,"  Dryden.     "  Language  is  the  dress  of 
thought,"  Dr.  Johnson.     "  Style  is  not  the  dress 
of  thought,  but  the  body  of   thought,"  Edward 
Young.   "  You  see  in  the'style,  not  the  writer  and 
his  labour,  but  the  man  in  his  own  natural  charac- 
ter," Blaii-.     "Quant  on  volt  le  style  naturel,  on 
est  tout  etonne,  est  ravi ;  car  on  s'attendoit  de  voir 
un  auteur,  et  on  trouve  un  homme,'*  Pascal.  And 
see    the    observations    of  Wordsworth   and   De 
Quincy  cited,  2""  S.  vii.  502.  't  C.  J.  B. 

Philadelphia,  I'enn. 

Sigismund  and  Henry  Alexander  (2"*  S.  viii. 
292.)  —  Sigismund  and  Henry  Zinzano,  als 
Alexander,  were  buried  in  the  chancel  of  Tyle- 
hurst  church,  near  Reading.  I  send  a  copy  of 
their  tombstone,  which  I  took  previous  to  the  re- 
building of  the  said  church.  It  is  now  covered 
over  with  encaustic  tile,  and  lost  to  the  eye,  as 
are  several  others.  The  Zinzanos  and  Vanlores 
were  related  to  Miss  Kendrick,  the  Berkshire 
lady.  An  account  of  her  I  published  several 
years  ago,  with  the  ballad. 

"  Here  lyeth  Interr'd 
Ye  Bodj'  of  Henry  Zinzano 
Als  Alexander  of  this  Parish, 
Esq.,  Eldest  Son  of  S'^  Sigismvnd 
ZixzANOK,  who  died  Nov.  ye 
13  An.  Dom.  1G7G, 
And  Jacoba  His  Wife  the 
Eldest  Daughter  of  S""  Petek 
Vanloke  Ye  j'ounger  Bar', 
who  died  ye  22'>  Day  of  June,  1G77." 

Arms —  Azure,  a  falcon  with  wings  exp<i  ppr.,  on  a 
rock,  or.   On  the  dexter  canton  side,  an  estoile  of  the  last. 
Crest. — Hawk  displayed  over  a  helmet. 

Julia  R.  Bockett. 

Bradney,  near  Burghfield,  Reading. 

Sir  Anthony  Poiilett,  Knt.  (2'"i  S.  vii.  435.)— In 
answer  to  Mr.  Hart,  Sir  Anthony  Poulett  is 
buried  in  the  church  of  Hinton  S.  George,  near 
Crewkerne,  co.  Somerset,  where  a  monument  to 


480 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  S.  VIII.  Dec.  10.  '59, 


his  memory,  and  that  of  Katherine,  daughter  of 
Henry  Lord  Norris,  etc.,  his  wife,  bears  the  fol- 
lowing inscriptions  :  — 

"  Hie  .  iacet  .  Antonivs  .  Povlet  .  Miles  .  et .  dvx  . 
Insvlae. 
lersey  .  qvi .  obiit  .  22  .  die  .  Ivlii  .  anno .  dni  .  1600  . 
Hie  .  iacet  .  dna  .  Katherina .  Povlet .  vxor  .  Antonii . 
Povlet .  Militis  .  Filia .  vnica  .  Henrici  .  dni .  Norris  . 
Baronis_^de  .  Rycot  .  qvi  .  obiit  .  24  .  die  .  Martii  . 
anno  .  dni .  1601." 

There  are  several  other  members  of  the  Poulett 
family  buried  here.  Alf.  Shelley  Ellis. 

Bristol. 

The  Slave  Ship  (2"'»  S.  viii.  35,3.)  —  The  late 
Mr.  Angus  B.  Ueach  was  the  author  of  a  song 
called  "  The  Slave  Ship,"  the  first  line  of  which 
is  — 

"  Set  eveiy  stitch  of  canvas  to  woo  the  fresh'ning  wind." 

J.  E.  L. 

The  edition  of  this  song  published  by  Davidson 
is  headed  "  Poetry  and  Music  by  H.  Russell." 

R.  W.  Hackwood. 

Fairchild  Lecture  (2"^  S.  viii.  442.)— This  lec- 
ture is  still  delivered  at  Shoreditch  Church  on 
Whit-Tuesdays.  The  preachers,  since  the  deatli 
of  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Ellis,  are,  in  1855,  the  Rev.  G. 
M.  Braune,  Hector  of  Wistowe,  Yorkshire.  1856, 
The  Bishop  of  Oxford.  1857,  1858.  The  Rev. 
Robert  Walker,  M.A.  of  Wadham  College,  Ox- 
ford. 1859.  The  Rev.  Henry  Stebbing,  D.D., 
Rector  of  St.  Mary  Somerset,  London.  J.  Y. 


NOTES    ON"   BOOKS,    ETC. 

Original  Papers  illustrative  of  the  Life  and  Writings  of 
John  3Iilton,  including  Sixteen  Letters  of  State  tvritten 
by  him,  now  First  published  from  3ISS.  in  the  State 
Paper  Office ;  with  an  Appendix  of  Documents  relating  to 
his  Connection  with  the  Powell  Family.  Collected  and 
Edited  by  W.  Douglas  Hamilton,  of  H.  M.  State  Paper 
Office.     Printed  for  the  Camden  Society. 

The  Camden  Society  have  again  rendered  good  service 
to  English  Literature  bv  the  publication  of  the  present 
volume,  of  which  the  varied  and  important  contents  are 
so  amply  set  forth  in  the  title-page  that  we  may  confine 
ourselves  to  the  expression  of  our  satisfaction  that  Mr. 
Hamilton  should  thus  have  placed  at  the  disposal  of  the 
admirers  of  Jlilton,  and  all  future  Editors  of  his  wocks, 
these  new  materials  for  the  personal  and  literary  history 
of  the  great  poet. 

December  seems  to  be  a  healthy  month  for  Periodicals. 
Frascr  exhibits  more  than  its  usual  excellence,  and  to 
judge  by  its  announcement  of  papers  for  the  January 
Number,  means  to  open  the  New  Year  vigorously.  Mac- 
millan's  Magazine  opens,  like  Fraser,  with  a  good  article 
on  National  Defences,  and  its  crack  paper,  "  Tom  Brown 
at  Oxford"  improves,  as  Tcm  Brown  ought  to  do  at 
Oxford.  The  Constitutional  Press,  in  addition  to  its  pre- 
sent great  attraction  of  Miss  Youngc's  tale  of  Hopes  and 
Fears,  contains  several  excellent  papers,  among  the  best 
of  which  is  that  on  Sir  E.  B.  Lvtton. 


Books  Eeceivkd. — 

BosiveU's  Life  "of  Johnson,  edited  by  the  Tiight  Hon.  J. 
W.  Croker.  tVith  Illustrations.  Parts  VIL  to  X.  (Mur- 
ray.) 


tion 
most 


the 


These  four  parts  complete  this  marvellously  cheap  edi 
)n,  whicli  is  at  the  same  time  by  far  the  best,  of  thi 
Dst  interesting  biography  in  the  English  language. 
The  Life  of  Lord  Byron,  with  his  Letters  and  Journals. 

By  Thomas  Moore.     Parts  I.  and  IL     (Murray.) 

This  is  a  rival  in  point  of  cheapness  —  for  it  is  to  be 

completed   in   nine  shilling   numbers  —  of  the   Boswell, 

which  we  have  just  noticed. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD    VOLUMES 

WAMTED    TO    PCIICIIASE. 

_  Particulars  of  Price,  &e.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  aentlemen  by  wliom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  iriven  for  that  purpose. 

The  Ladies'  Diarv  or  "Woman's  Almanac  for  the  years  1704,  5,  6,  7,  9, 
14, 17,  and  IS. 
AVanted  by  William  Curtia  Olter,  F.R.A.S.,  2.  Havelock  Terrace, 
Lansdowne  Road,  Dalston ,  N.E. 


Campbell's   Political   Economt.     Published  by  McMillan  of  Cam- 
bridge. 

Wanted  by  F.3I.  W.,  H.  M.  State  Paper  Office. 


Rev.  R.  C.  Tbbkcb's  Sacred  Latin  Poetry. 

Wanted  by  W.  Wright,  Janr.  Clifton  Park,  near  Bristol. 


A  CoLLECTIOX   OF   INTERESTING   LettERS.       1767. 

Wauttd  by  Messrs.  Kent  Sf  Co.  86.  Fleet  Street. 


Repertobv  op  the  Inrolments  on  the   Patent  Rolls  op  Chanceuv, 
IN  Irpland.  Edited  by  John  CaillardErck.LL.D.    Vol.  L    Part  II. 
Povnuer's  (John)  Literary  Extracts.    Vol.  HI. 

Wanted  by  the  lieo.  B.  II.  Blacker,  Rokeby,  Blackrock,  Dublin. 


Any  old  Fashions  with  Dcsisns  for  Women's  Hats. 
SuppLKMFM  to  Locdon's  Plants.     1840. 
Webster's  Acting  Drama.    Complete. 
Edinbohgh  Review.    After  149,  October,  1841. 
Ruding's  Coinaok. 

Wanted  by  Thos.  Millard,  "0.  Newgate  Street. 


JS'ext  uceJc  we  sJiall  r/ire  an  enlarged 

CHRISTMAS  NUMBER, 
containing  many  amttsing  Papers  ilhistrative  of 

Cbristuf.is   ;nib    its    (^oUi-^^orc. 

"  Notes  and  Queries"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
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NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


481 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  17.  1859. 


No.  207.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  — "Round  about  our  Coal  Fire,  or  Christmai  Entertain- 
ments: "  a  Bibliographical  Rarity,  by  Dr.  Rimbault,  481  —Folk-lore 
and  Provincialisms.  483  _  Saint  Stephen's  Day,  by  J.  G.  Nichols,  484  — 
Fairy  Rings,  by  J.  H.  van  Lenncp, /6 Northamptonshire  Story, 485 

—  A  Gossip  about  Christmas  and  its  Folk-lore,  486  —  Christmas  Cus- 
toms and  Folk-lore,  483  —  Meals  of  Merse  Farm  Servants,  489  — 
Motet :  Tenor,  lb.  — ''  Modern  Slang.  Cant,  and  Vulgar  Words,"  490. 

Minor  Notes  i  —  The  Old  French  Invasion  —  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  pre- 
sumed Relic  of— Sermons  before  the  Battle  of  Bothwell  Bridge- 
Ancient  Entry  —  Epitaph  of  Lieutenant  Jolin  Western  in  Dordrecht 
Cathedral  —  Book  Stalls,  493. 

Minor  Qobhiks;  —  John  Parkinson  —  William  Fynmore  —  Ijiterse  Re- 
giae  — Earl  of  Northesk  —  Historical  Narrative  —  iEncas  Smith  — 
Passage  in"Clauilian  "  —  Ferdinand  Smyth  Stuart  —  CaptainThoraas 
Rudd  —  Snuff  boxes  in  Memoriam  of  Kobert  Emmett  — The  Murder 
of  Sir  Roger  Beler,  and  the  Laws  of  Chivalry  —  "  The  Load  of  Mis- 
chief" —  E.  Farrer  —  Lopez  de  Vega,  495. 

Minor  Qdebifs  with  Ansttkrs  :  —  "Puppy-Pie"  —  A  Harrington  — 
The  Flower  Pot,  Bishopsgate  Street  Within  —  David  I^ewis  —  Anne 
Cromwell ;  Mary  More  —  Bocase  Tree  —  A  Soldier's  Epitaph,  496. 

REPLIES  :  _  The  Unburied  Ambassadors,  by  J.  P.  Phillips,  &c.,  498 
Eikon  Basilike,  by  Rev.  E.  S.  Taylor.  500—  Prisoner's  Arraignment: 
Holding  up  the  Hand,  by  Rev.  T.  Boys,  &c.,  501.  —  Henry  Smith's 
Sermons,  by  H.  P.  Smith,  Sec.,  lb. 

REPLIES  TO  MiKoit  Queries  :  —  Son  of  Pascal  Paoli  —  Portrait  of  a  True 
Gentleman  — Francis  Mence  —  The  Electric  Telegraph  foreshadowed 

—  Epigram  to  a  Female  Cupbearer  — Peel  Towers  —  Ringing  Bells 
backwards  :  the  Tocsin  —  Jest  Books  —  Bishop  Sprat's  Retort  — 
Ploughs  —  Witchcraft  in  Churning,  ifcc,  502. 

Notes  on  Books,  be. 


"  round    about    our  coal  fire,   or  christmas 

entertainments" : 

a  bibliographical  rarity. 

I  have  now  before  me  a  little  volume  of  sixty- 
four  pages,  once  belonging  to  that  greedy  hunter 
after  the  "  Folk-lore"  of  England,  Master  John 
Brand  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne.  At  this  season 
of  the  year  it  may  be  worth  noticing  in  the  pages 
of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  more  especially  as  it  is  a  treasure 
of  very  uncommon  occurrence. 

The  title-page  is  somewhat  lengthy,  but  as  it 
describes  so  minutely  the  contents  of  the  book,  it 
is  desirable  to  give  it  in  full :  — 

"  Round  About  oup.  Coal  Fire,  or  Christmas 
Entertainments.  Wherein  is  de.scribed.  Chap.  I.  Tlie 
Mirth  and  Jollity  of  the  Christmas  Holydays;  viz.  Christ- 
mas Gambols,  Eating,  Drinking,  Kissing,  and  other  Di- 
versions. Chap.  II.  Of  Hobgoblins,  Kaw-heads,  and 
Bloody-bones,  Buggj'-bows,  Tom-pokers,  Bull-beggars, 
and  such  like  horrible  Bodies.  Chap.  Ill,  Of  Witches, 
Wizzards,  Conjurers,  and  such  Trifles;  what  they  are, 
and  how  to  make  them  ;  with  many  of  their  merry  Pranks. 
Chap.  IV.  Enchantment  demonstrated,  in  the  Story  of 
Jack  Spriggins  and  the  Enchanted  Bean ;  giving  a  par- 
ticular Account  of  Jack's  arrival  at  the  Castle  of  Giant 
Gogmagog;  his  rescuing  ten  thousand  Ladies  and  Knights 
from  being  broiled  for  the  Giant's  Breakfast;  jumping 
through  Key-holes;  and  at  last  bow  he  destroyed  the 
Giant,  and  became  Monarch  of  the  Universe.  Chap.  V. 
Of  Spectres,  Ghosts,  and  Apparitions ;  the  great  Con- 
veniences arising  from  them ;  and  how  to  make  them. 
Chap.  VI.  Of  Fairies,  their  Use  and  Dignity.  Together 
with  some  curious  Memoirs  of  Old  Father  Christmas; 
Shewing  what  Hospitality  was  in  former  Times,  and  how 
little  there  remains  of  it  at  present.  Illustrated  with  many 
diverting  Cuts.  The  Fourth  Edition,  with  great  Addi- 
tions.   London,  Printed  for  /.  Robertsia  Warwick-Lane, 


and  sold  by  the  Booksellers  in  Town   and  Country. 

MDCCXXXIV." 

Passing  over  the  Dedication 

"  To  the  Worshipful  Mr.  Lun,  (i.  e.  Christopher  Rich), 
Complete  Witchmaker  of  England,  and  Conjurer- General 
of  the  Universe,  at  his  Great  House  in  Covent  Garden," 

signed  Dick  Merryman,  we  have  a  "  Prologue,"  ' 
which  being  in  the  shape  of  a  "  merry  Song  "  on 
Christmas,  is  worth  extracting  :  — 

"  O  you  merry,  merry  Souls, 
Christmas  is  a  coming. 
We  shall  have  flowing  bowls, 
Dancing,  piping,  drumming. 

"  Delicate  minced  pies. 
To  feast  every  virgin, 
Capon  and  goose  likewise, 
Brawn,  and  a  dish  of  sturgeon. 

"  Then  for  j'our  Christmas  box, 
Sweet  plumb  cakes  and  money. 
Delicate  Holland  smocks, 
Kisses  sweet  as  honey. 

"  Hey  for  the  Christmas  ball, 
Where  we  shall  be  jolly, 
Coupling  short  and  tall, 
Kate,  Dick,  Ralph,  and  Molly. 

"  Then  to  the  hop  we'll  go. 
Where  we'll  jig  and  caper, 
Cuckolds  all-a-row. 
Will  shall  pay  the  scraper. 

"  Hodge  shall  dance  with  Prue, 
Keeping  time  with  kisses, 
We'll  have  a  jovial  crew 
Of  sweet  smirking  misses." 

The  author  gives  us  an  account,  in  his  first 
chapter,  of  the  mode  of  observing  the  festival  of 
Christmas  among  the  middle  classes  towards  the 
beginning  of  the  last  century.  He  says  that  "  the 
manner  of  celebrating  this  great  course  of  holy- 
days  is  vastly  different  now  to  what  it  was  in 
former  days,"  and  contrasts  it  with  the  amuse- 
ments of  earlier  times. 

"  There  was  once  upon  a  time  Hospitality  in  the  Land; 
an  English  Gentleman  at  the  opening  of  the  great  day, 
had  all  his  Tenants  and  Neighbours  enter'd  his  hall  bj' 
day-break,  the  strong- beer  was  broach'd,  and  the  black- 
jacks went  plentifully  about  with  toast,  sugar,  nutmeg, 
and  good  Cheshire  cheese;  the  rooms  were  embower'd 
with  hoUj',  ivy,  cypress,  bays,  laurel,  and  missleto,  and  a 
bouncing  Christmas  log  in  the  chimney  glowing  like  the 
cheeks  of  a  country  milk-maid ;  then  was  the  pewter  as 
bright  as  Clarinda,  and  every  bit  of  brass  as  polished  as 
the  most  refined  Gentleman ;  the  Servants  were  then 
running  here  and  there,  with  merry  hearts  and  jolly 
countenances;  every  one  was  busy  in  welcoming  of 
Guests,  and  look'd  as  smug  as  new  lick'd  puppies ;  the 
Lasses  were  as  blithe  and  buxom  as  the  maids  in  good 
Queen  Bess's  days,  when  they  eat  sirloins  of  roast  beef 
for  breakfast :  Peg  would  scuttle  about  to  make  a  toast 
for  John,  while  Tom  run  harum  scariim  to  draw  a  jug  of 
ale  for  Margery." 

And,  afterwards,  we  are  told, 

"  This  great  festival  was  in  former  times  kept  with  so 
much  freedom  and  openness  of  heart,  that  every  one  in 
the  country  where  a  Gentleman  resided,  possessed  at  least 


482 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2n<i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '69. 


a  day  of  pleasure  in  the  Christmas  holydays ;  the  tables 
were  all  spread  from  the  first  to  the  last,  the  sir-loyns  of 
beef,  the  minc'd-pies,  the  plumb-puddings,  were  all 
brought  upoa  the  board ;  and  all  those  who  had  sharp 
stomachs  and  sharp  knives  eat  heartily  and  were  welcome, 
which  gave  rise  to  the  proverb, 

'  Merry  in  the  hall,  when  beards  wag  all.' 
"  There  were  then  turnspits  employed,  who  by  the  time 
dinner  was  over,  would  look  as  black  and  as  greasy  as  a 
Welch  porridge-pot,  but  the  Jacks  have  since  turned 
them  all  out  of  doors.  The  geese,  which  used  to  be  fatted 
for  the  honest  neighbours,  have  been  of  late  sent  to 
London,  and  the  quills  made  into  pens  to  convey  away 
the  Landlord's  estate ;  the  sheep  are  drove  away  to  raise 
money  to  answer  the  loss  at  a  game  at  dice  or  cards,  and 
their  skins  made  into  parchment  for  deeds  and  inden- 
tures ;  naj',  even  the  poor  innocent  bee,  who  was  used  to 
pay  his  tribute  to  the  Lord  once  a  year  at  least  in  good 
metheglin,  for  the  entertainment  of  the  guests,  and  its 
wax  converted  into  beneficial  plaisters  for  sick  neigh- 
bours, is  now  used  for  the  sealing  of  deeds  to  his  disad- 
vantage." 

The  Squire  of  olden  times  was  a  man  of  mighty 
influence.  If  he  happened  to  ask  a  neighbour 
what  it  was  o'clock,  he  received  for  answer,  with 
a  low  scrape,  "  It  is  what  your  Worship  pleases." 
But,  withal,  he  was  good  to  his  neighbours,  kept 
no  "  mock-beggar  hall ;  "  and  "  give  me  the  man 
who  has  a  good  heart  in  his  belly,  and  has  spirit 
enough  to  keep  up  the  old  way  of  hospitality." 

Among  the  amusements  of  our  own  time,  the 
author  of  Round  about  our  Coal  Fire  mentions 

"  Mumming,  or  Masquerading,  when  the  Squire's 
wardrobe  is  ransacked  for  dresses  of  all  kinds,  and  the 
coal-hole  searched  around,  or  corks  burnt  to  black  the 
faces  of  the  fair,  or  make  deputy-mustaches,  and  every 
one  in  the  family,  except  the  Squire  himself,  must  be 
transformed  from  what  they  were." 

Among  the  games,  Blindman's  buff,  puss  in  the 
corner,  questions  and  commands,  hoop  and  hide, 
and  story-telling,  were  also  resorted  to  for  variety, 
but  cards  and  dice  were  especially  avoided,  "  un- 
less a  lawyer  is  at  hand  to  breed  some  dispute  for 
him  to  decide,  or  at  least  have  some  party  in." 
Dancing,  of  course,  was  in  great  request,  and  here 
the  writer  takes  an  opportunity  of  saying,  "  The 
dancing  and  singing  of  the  Benchers  in  the  great 
Inns  of  Court  on  Christmas,  is  in  some  sort 
founded  upon  interest ;  for  they  hold,  as  I  am  in- 
formed, some  priviledge  by  dancing  about  the 
fire  in  the  middle  of  their  Hall,  and  singing  the 
song  of  Round  about  our  Coal  Fire,"  &c. 

Gentlemen  of  the  long  robe  may  smile  when 
they  look  back  upon  the  antics  of  their  predeces- 
sors, but  they  may  rest  assured  that  these  "  dan- 
cings "  actually  took  place.  Once  upon  a  time, 
indeed,  according  to  that  high  authority  Dugdale, 
the  barristers  of  Lincoln's  Inn  were,  "  by  declam- 
ation, put  out  of  Commons  for  example's  sake, 
because  the  whole  bar  offended  by  not  dancing  on 
Cafidlemas  day  preceding,  according  to  the  ancient 
order  of  this  Society."  This  occurred  in  the  reign 
of  James  I.  (See  DugdaWs  Orig.  Jurid.  cap. 
64.) 


Turning  over  the  pages  of  stories  about  "  Hob- 
goblins," "  Raw-heads  and  Bloody-bones,"  "  Con- 
jurers," "  Witches,"  &c.  &c.,  including  an  in- 
teresting wood-cut  of  the  "  Hobgoblin  Society," 
we  arrive  at  "  A  Chapter  on  Fairies,"  which  is 
interesting  enough  to  call  for  quotation  :  — 

"  My  grandmother  has  often  told  me  of  fairies  dancing 
upon  our  green,  and  that  they  were  very  little  creatures 
cloathed  in  green ;  they  would  do  good  to  the  industrious 
people,  but  they  pinch  the  sluts;  they  would  steal 
children,  and  give  one  of  their  own  in  the  room  ;  and  the 
moment  any  one  saw  them  they  were  struck  blind  of  one 
eye.  All  this  I  have  heard,  and  my  grandmother,  who 
was  a  very  tall  woman,  said  she  had  seen  several  of 
them,  which  I  believe  because  she  said  so;  she  said, 
moreover,  that  they  lived  under-ground,  and  that  they 
generally  came  out  of  a  mole-hill;  they  had  fine  music 
always  among  themselves,  and  danced  in  a  moon-shiny 
night  around,  or  in  a  ring,  as  one  may  see  at  this  day 
upon  every  common  in  England  where  mushrooms  grow. 
But,  though  mj'  grandmother  told  me  so,  it  is  not  un- 
lawful to  enquire  into  a  secret  of  this  nature,  and  so  I 
spoke  to  several  good  women  about  it. 

"  When  I  asked  one  whether  there  was  such  things  as 
fairies,  •  A}','  says  she,  '  I  have  seen  them  many  a  time ; ' 
another  said,  '  There's  no  room  to  doubt  of  it,  for  you 
may  see  thousands  of  their  rings  upon  our  common,'  &c. 

"  I  found,  however,  another  way  to  be  satistied  of  the 
matter,  and  heard  the  following  story  of  fairies  from  a 
person  of  reputation. 

"  A  gentlewoman  and  her  husband  were  going  into  the 
country,  and  thought  it  best  to  retire  out  of  town  four 
or  five  miles  the  night  before,  to  receive  the  stage-coach, 
and  avoid  the  ceremony  of  taking  leave  of  their  friends, 
which  are  generally  more  troublesome  than  welcome  on 
that  occasion ;  and'  being  gone  to  bed  in  a  country  town 
where  fairies  walked  about  twelve  o'clock,  up  comes  a 
little  woman,  not  much  bigger  than  one's  thumb,  and 
immediately  follows  a  little  parson,  also  a  great  number 
of  people,  and  a  midwife,  with  a  child  in  her  arms ;  and 
I  suppose  by  their  power  chairs  were  set  for  them :  but 
it  happened  they  wanted  a  godmother  for  the  child,  for  it 
was  to  be  christened  that  night ;  so  says  the  good  fairy, 
*  Father,  the  gentlewoman  in  the  room  will  do  us  that 
favour.'  '  Ay,'  says  the  rest  of  the  company,  •  it  is  a 
good  thought;'  and  up  brisked  the  fairy  father  to  the 
bed-side,  and  called  out  the  lady  who  did  the  office ;  for 
which  the  father  gave  her  a  large  diamond  ring.  All  this 
while  the  lady's  husband  was  as  fast  as  a  church,  and 
knew  nothing  of  the  matter.  But  in  the  morning,  good 
lack,  the  case  was  altered ;  he  espied  the  fine  ring  upon 
his  wife's  finger :  ♦  How  came  you  by  that,  my  dear  ?  ' 
says  he.  '  Why,  my  love!  'replies  she,  'the  fairies  have 
been  here  to-night;'  and  told  him  the  story  of  the 
christening.  ♦  Zounds,'  says  he;  •  the  ring  is  Sir  John's 
ring ;  I  know  the  stone :  I  have  often  seen  familiarities 
between  you  and  him,  and  now  am  convinced  of  your 
treachery.'  And  so  I  suppose  he  took  his  wife  for  a 
wanton. 

"  The  fairies  were  very  necessary  in  families,  as  much 
as  bread,  salt,  pepper,  or  any  other  such  commoditj',  I 
believe ;  because  they  used  to  walk  in  my  father's  house, 
and  if  I  can  judge  right  of  the  matter,  they  were  brought 
into  all  the  families  by  the  servants ;  for  in  old  times  folks 
used  to  go  to  bed  at'nine  o'clock,  and  when  the  master 
and  mistress  were  lain  on  their  pillows,  the  men  and 
maids,  if  they  had  a  game  at  romps,  and  blundered  up 
stairs,  or  jumbled  a  chair,  the  next  morning  every  one 
would  swear  it  was  th'e  fairies,  and  that  they  heard  them 
stamping  up  and  down  stairs  all  night,  crying,  «  Waters 


2'"iS.  Vm.  Dec.  17. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


m 


locked,  waters  locked,'  when  there  was  no  water  in  any 
pail  in  the  kitchen. 

"  So  from  what  I  have  said,  the  hobgoblins,  the  witches, 
the  conjurers,  the  ghosts,  and  the  fairies,  are  not  of  any 
value,  nor  worth  our  thought." 

Such  are  my  brief  notices  of  this  "  bibliographi- 
cal rarity,"  which  at  some  future  period  I  shall 
return  to.  It  remains  to  inquire  when  the  ^rst, 
second,  and  third  editions  appeared.  As  yet  I 
have  not  been  able  to  trace  them.  There  is  an 
edition  of  1796,  which  professes  to  be  a  reprint  of 
the  present.  Edward  F.  Kimbault. 


FOLK   LORE   AND   PROVINCIALISMS. 

In  addition  to  the  curious  elucidations  of  men 
and  manners  derived  from  the  customs  and  lan- 
guage of  our  country  people,  great  and  important 
aid  is  given  to  the  philolojjist  by  this  study. 
Many  things  commonly  considered  vulgarisms  are 
not  so;  they  are  often  really  archaisms,  or  an- 
cient Enjrlish  names,  since  superseded  by  words 
derived  from  other  sources.  Many  wonder  how 
Birmingham  could  possibly  be  corrupted  into 
Brummagem.  The  fact  is,  the  latter  word  is  the 
ancient  Anglo-Saxon  name,  Bromwicham,  for- 
merly pronounced  as  nearly  as  possible  like  the 
common  people  do  now ;  while  the  former  name 
is  that  of  the  family  De  Bermingham,  who  held 
the  manor  from  the  time  of  the  Conquest  (some 
say  earlier)  till  1527.  The  polite  used  the  name 
most  familiar  to  Norman  ears,  while  the  lower 
ranks  adhered  to  the  old  Anglo-Saxon  designa- 
tion. 

A  short  time  before  the  death  of  that  accom- 
plished scholar  J.  Mitchell  Kemble,  I  chanced  to 
mention  to  him  another  fact  connected  with  pro- 
vincialisms ;  and  that  was,  that,  in  different  parts 
of  England,  words  obviously  from  the  same  root 
had  widely  different  pronunciations.  Thus  the 
Anglo-Saxon  burh,  a  city,  in  the  north  is  a 
"  burgh ; "  in  some  parts  of  England  "  borough," 
and  in  others  (in  composition)  "  bury."  So  the 
A.-S.  die,  in  parts  of  England  is  a  ditch ;  farther 
north  a  dyke ;  and  in  Kent  a  dyk  (pronounced 
like  Dick).  I  suggested  this  might  be  due  to  the 
various  dialects  of  the  original  settlers,  Jute, 
Angle,  or  Saxon.  The  gentleman  whose  loss  we 
all  must  deeply  regret,  was  much  pleased  at  the 
idea,  and  begged  of  me  to  collect  and  treasure  up 
everything  of  the  kind  I  could.  For  my  own 
part  I  conceive  this  to  be  one  of  the  chief  of  the 
varied  uses  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  and  that  the  warmest 
thanks  of  every  philologist  are  due  to  it  on  ac- 
count of  its  storing  up  the  Folk  Lore  atid  Pro- 
vincialisms of  Britain. 

Brangle  (2"**  S.  viii.  6.)  —  Swift  (proposal  for 
badges  for  the  poor)  uses  this  word  in  the  sense  of 
"  embroil ; "  but  in  TJrquhart  and  Motteaux's 
Rabelais,  Book  ii.  cap.  2.,  he  is  telling  the  Tal- 


mudical  story  of  the  giant  riding  astride  on  the 
top  of  Noah's  ark,  "  for  he  was  too  big  to  get  in- 
side," and  says,  "  in  that,  portion  he  saved  the 
said  ark  from  danger,  for  with  his  legs  he  gave  it 
the  brangle  that  was  needful,  and  with  his  foot 
turned  it  whither  he  pleased,  as  a  ship  answereth 
her  rudder."  The  original  is,  "  car  il  luy  bail- 
loyt  le  bransle  auecques  les  iambes."  Is  the 
word  bransle  the  origin  of  brangle  ?  It  seems  not 
improbable. 

Cushion. — Bailey  derives  this  from  coussin  ;  and 
Richardson  seems  to  think  it  to  be  a  word  cor- 
rupted from  coxa.  In  the  account  of  Archbishop 
Nevill's  Inthronisation  it  is  spelt  quission.  Is  it 
not  derived  from  quisse,  the  old  spelling  of  the 
French  c^dsse,  and  the  meaning  something  to  rest 
the  thigh  upon  ? 

Derivations  Wanted:  —  StucMing.  —  That  sort 
of  apple  tart  which  in  London  is  named  a  turn- 
over, in  Sussex  is  called  by  this  name.  What  is 
its  derivation  ? 

Hvffkins. — In  the  same  county  a  sort  of  cakes 
are  called  thus.  Whence  is  the  derivation,  and 
what  is  the  difference  between  these  and  man- 
chets,  simnels,  and  cracknels  ? 

Feeling  Leer. — In  the  neighbourhood  of  Brigh- 
ton, if  any  one  is  weak  and  faint,  they  complaia 
of  feeling  leer  (or  lear,  for  no  one  knows  how  it 
is  spelt).  It  is  said  that  many  of  the  peculiar 
words  in  Sussex  and  Hampshire  are  derived  from 
the  intercourse  between  the  fishermen  of  this 
coast  and  of  the  opposite  shores  of  Normandy 
and  Brittany.     Is  this  so  ? 

Dunner.  —  A  friend  of  mine  observing  to  a 
woman  in  Buckinghamshire  how  active  her  boy 
was,  answered,  "  Ah,  sir  ;  it  beant  no  iise  bringing 
up  lads  too  dunner."  Is  this  from  the  A.-S» 
dunnian,  to  darken,  to  obscure  ? 

Widbin. — In  the  same  county  they  call  Dog- 
wood by  this  name.  My  informant  thought  at 
first  they  meant  woodbine,  but  found  it  was  the 
red  dogwood  that  was  meant.  The  A.- Saxon  is 
comtreow. 

Maiden,  a  clothes*  horse.  Thus  called  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  Tavistock.  Is  the  word  pecu- 
liar to  Devon,  or  is  it  used  in  other  counties  ? 

A  Gleer. — A  slide  is  thus  called  in  Oxford- 
shire. In  Anglo-Saxon  glcer  is  the  name  for 
amber.  Can  ice  be  so  called  on  account  of  its 
being  partly  transparent,  like  amber  ?  To  this 
day  we  call  the  white  of  egg  glare,  which  also 
has  some  degree  of  transparency.  "  Glare,"  in 
the  sense  of  light,  is  derived  by  Skinner  from  the 
French  esclairer,  a  not  very  satisfactory  origin. 

Keck-handed.  —  In  Buckinghamshire  and  its 
neighbourhood  if  a  man,  at  hay  time  or  harvest, 
holds  his  fork  with  his  left  hand  lowest,  they  say, 
"  Ah !  he's  no  good !  he's  keck-handed !  he  works 


484 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"<i  S.  Vlir.  Dec.  17.  '59. 


with  the  weakest  hand  next  to  the  load."  Can 
your  readers  inform  me  of  the  origin  of  this  say- 
ing, and  its  etymology  ? 

Browsy.  —  In  the  Midland  Counties  this  word 
is  applied  to  anyone  who  looks  showy.  "  She'd 
her  best  shawl  on,  and  new  ribbons  to  her  bonnet, 
and  her  looked  quite  browsy."  Can  this  be  a 
modification  of  blowsy,  a  word  applied  to  any 
broad  red-faced  person  ?  if  so,  what  is  the  ety- 
mology ?  Bailey  {Diet.  1770)  gives  this  last  word, 
but  no  derivation. 

Noah's  Ark  Cloud. — A  cloud  rising,  of  the  form 
of  the  Vesica  Piscis,  or  shaped  like  a  vertical 
elongated  oval,  is  called  in  the  North  "Noah's 
Ark,"  and  believed  to  be  the  precursor  of  a  great 
deal  of  rain.  Does  such  an  opinion  and  title  pre- 
vail in  the  southern  counties  ? 

Tooth-Ache  Superstition.  —  In  Sussex  they  say, 
if  you  always  clothe  your  right  leg  first,  i.  e.  if 
you  invariably  put  the  right  stocking  on  before 
the  left ;  right  leg  into  the  trowsers  before  the 
left ;  right  boot,  &c.  &c.,  you  will  never  have  the 
tooth-ache.  Does  this  opinion  obtain  elsewhere, 
and  if  so,  what  can  be  the  origin  of  such  an  odd 
superstition  ? 

Sending  Jack  after  Yes.  —  In  the  southern  coun- 
ties if  a  person  in  haste  accidentally  knocks  down 
any  article,  and  the  fall  of  this  knocks  down  a 
second,  they  say  "  that's  sending  Jack  after  Yes." 
I  should  fancy  it  meant  sending  after  yeast,  which 
is  often  done  in  a  hurry  at  baking  times,  if  the 
haste  only  were  alluded  to  ;  but  why  should  it  be 
only  employed  when  one  thing  knocks  down  ano- 
ther? 

Singing  before  Breakfast.  —  In  Hampshire,  &c., 
they  say,  "  if  you  sing  before  breakfast,  you  will 
cry  before  night."  Is  this  a  saying  in  the  north 
also  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Comer. 


SAINT   STEPHEN  S    DAY. 

St.  Stephen's  Day  is  the  morrow  of  Christmas 
Day.  An  old  letter  now  before  me  seems  to  show 
that  it  was  the  day  on  which,  in  some  families, 
the  highest  festivities  took  place.  The  letter  was 
written  by  Robert  Heyricke,  an  alderman  of 
Leicester,  "To  the  rijjht  wo'  his  very  good 
Brother  sir  Willyam  Heyricke,  Knygbt,  at  his 
howse  in  Woodstrete,"  in  Cheapside,  and  is  dated 
"  Leicester  the  2  of  January  1614"  :  — 

"  Yow  wryte  how  yow  reacayved  my  lettar  of  (on)  St. 
Stevens  day,  and  that,  I  thanke  yow,  yow  esteemed  yt  as 
wellcoom  as  the  18  trumpytors ;  w*  in  so  doing  I  inust 
and  will  esteme  yowres,  God  willing,  more  wellcoom 
then  trumpets  and  all  the  musicke  we  have  had  since 
Christmas,  and  j'et  we  have  had  prety  store  bothe  of 
owre  owne  and  othar,  evar  since  Christmas.  And  the 
same  day  we  were  busy  w*  hoUding  up  hands  and  spoones 
to  yow,  owt  of  porredge  and  pyes,  in  the  remembraunce  of 
yowre  g*  (great)  lyberality  of  frute  and  spice,  which  God 


send  yow  long  lyffe  to  contynew,  for  of  that  day  we  have 
not  myssed  anny  St.  Steven  this  47  yeare  to  have  as  many 
gas  (guests)  as  my  howse  woolld  hoUd,  I  thank  God 
for  yt." 

This  is  not  only  a  genuine  picture  of  old  Eng- 
lish banqueting  at  Christmas,  but  it  alludes  to  two 
or  three  remarkable  customs.  The  eighteen  trum- 
peters were  a  London  band,  perhaps  the  same  as 
the  City  Waits.  The  presents  of  fruit  and  spice 
sent  down  into  the  country  formed  the  porridge 
and  pies  of  the  Christmas  feast ;  and  the  acknow- 
ledgement thereof,  by  holding  up  spoons  to  the 
name  of  the  donor,  is  a  remarkable  old  custom, 
now  perhaps  quite  forgotten.  It  is  mentioned 
again  in  a  second  letter  written  by  the  same  party 
on  the  following  Christmas  :  — 

"  I  tooke  colld  of  Christmas  even  with  looking  into 
the  garden,  but  Christmas  daj'  being  my  ill  day,  1  was 
in  that  cace  I  was  fayne  to  be  led  home  from  chirche, 
and  had  a  spice  of  youre  dissease,  fearing  dyvers  tvmes 
I  shoUd  have  fallen.  And  yet  this  day,  I  thanke  "God, 
all  hart  agayne,  and  have  had  30,  or  nere,  at  dynnar,  and 
with  wyne  and  sugar,  and  hands  helld  up  so  hye  as  we 
colld,  we  remembred  Woodstrete;  and  thoughe  we  can 
doe  no  more,  5'et  in  oure  praj'ers,  in  our  spoones,  and  in 
our  cups,  we  doe  not  forget  you  when  tyme  sarves." 

This  was  written  on  St.  Stephen's  Day,  Dec. 
26,  1615. 

A  third  time  the  lifting  up  of  spoons,  as 
well  as  cups,  is  mentioned  by  the  same  writer 
when  acknowledging  the  presents  of  another 
Christmas;  for  which,  he  says,  "we  rendar  all 
possyble  thankes,  and  will  not  forget  you,  God  so 
willinge,  in  the  cup  nor  the  spootie."  (Dec.  17, 
1616.)  John  Gough  Nichols. 


FAIRY  KINGS. 


As  I  believe  that  many  Dutch  works,  if  but 
circulated  in  England,  would  §nd  a  large  mass 
of  interested  readers,  I  draw  your  attention  to 
one  which  has  recently  appeared,  and  which  no 
doubt  would  have  its  goodly  share  of  purchasers. 
The  literal  translation  of  its  title  (Verhandeling 
over  de  Kol-op  Heksekringen,  ook  wel  Tooverkrin- 
gen  genaamd  door  Dr.  R.  Westerhoff.  Groningen, 
bij  de  erven  C.  M.  van  Bolhuis  Hoitsema,  1859, 
in  8°.)  sounds  in  English :  Essay  concerning  the 
Hog,  or  Witch-circles,  also  called  Magical  Rings, 
by  Dr.  R.  Westerhoff.  I  am  sorry  I  have  not  got  the 
book  itself,  but  I  will  at  least  impart  to  you  all  I 
know  about  it,  in  good  confidence  that  the  subject, 
which  with  you  is  a  thorough  national  one,  will 
serve  as  an  apology  for  my  want  of  originality.  I 
translate  from  the  Konsten  Letterhode  (the  Dutch 
AthencBuni),  vol.  Ixxi.  p.  276.  :  — 

"An  Essay  like  the  superscribed,  which  leads  us  back 
to  the  Middle  Ages,  and,  at  the  same  time,  transfers  us 
in  the  precincts  of  the  newest  researches  in  phj-sical 
science,  does  not  often  occur.  It  gives  evidence  of  a  very 
comprehensive  knowledge,  and'  at  one  moment  is  quite 
contemplative,  at  another  purely  practical. 


S"*  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '59.) 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


485 


"The  writer  begins  with  enumerating  the  different 
kinds  of  fairj'-rings  which  seem  to  exist  in  Europe.  Of 
the  six  species  he  takes  under  notice,  the  third  exclusively 
makes  the  subject  of  his  essay. 

"To  wit,  those  rings  which  in  some  places  appear  in 
the  meadows,  and  are  conspicuous  b}'  the  circles  of  vari- 
ous diameter  according  to  age,  and  spreading  out  more 
and  more  every  year ;  farther  distinguished  by  a  cycle 
of  ver3'  crowded,  luxuriant  grass,  from  some  inches  to 
cue  foot  in  width,  and  apparently  spurned  by  cattle; 
which  rings  in  spring,  in  summer,  or  in  autumn,  according 
to  their  kind,  are  surrounded  by  a  border  of  fungi." 

This  species  of  hag- rings  is  reported  to  be  found 
in  various  parts  of  the  Netherlands,  but  was  no- 
ticed more  especially  in  Friesland  by  Dr.  Wester- 
hoff:  — 

"After  having  passed  the  review  of  all  the  mediaeval 
traditions,  in  their  superstitious  varieties  regarding  the 
different  kinds  of  magical  rings  —  not  forgetting  that  sort 
which  grows  in  the  meadow  —  the  writer  proceeds  to  ex- 
plain the  origin  of  that  we  named  last. 

"And,  in  the  first  instance,  he  notes  down  that  Lin- 
naeus [not  very  poeticall3'!]  considered  them  as  occa- 
sioned bj'  '  horses'-water ;'  that  by  others  they  were  said 
to  be  the  work  of  ants ;  others,  again,  ascribed  them  to 
haj'-cocks,  wliich  had  smothered  the  grass,  or  to  the 
effects  of  lightning,  etc.,  till  at  last  their  true  nature  was 
found  out  by  Wollaston,  viz.  that  the  rings  were  the  con- 
sequence of  fungi.  If  we  may  believe  the  writer,  Wol- 
laston however  was  not  as  happy  in  his  explanation  of 
the  reason  why  every  year  these  fungi  spread  to  a  wider 
circle.  For  he  contended  that  the  fungus,  once  having 
taken  in  the  centre  of  the  ring,  possesses  the  power  to 
exhaust  the  soil  in  such  a  way  that  its  progeny  do  not 
find  food  enougli  in  the  same  spot  to  be  able  to  flourish 
there,  and  thus  always  go  on  further  away  from  the  site 
where  their  progenitors  were  born,  lived  and  died. 

"  Dr.  VVesterhoff  impugns  this  theory  in  a  very  ample 
discussion,  and  at  last  communicates  his  view  of  the  sub- 
ject. He  finds  the  interpretation  of  the  fairj'-rings  in  the 
theory  promulgated  by  Professor  Brugmans,  that  the 
roots  of  plants  not  only  suck  up  food,  but  also  secrete  un- 
necessary matters,  which  sometimes  are  deleterious  to 
other  plants,  but  more  so  to  those  of  their  own  kind, 
and  sometimes,  too,  again  seem  to  be  sought  for  by  other 
species. 

"  The  author  everywhere  gives  proof  of  his  having  con- 
sulted an  immense  mass  of  writings,  but  this  principally 
is  the  case  with  regard  to  his  aspect  of  how  fairy-rings  do 
originate.  He  connects  it  with  the  alternation  of  crops 
(jjruchtwisseling),  as,  especially  in  former  days,  it  was  held 
forth  by  several  botanists  and  others :  why,  for  instance, 
trefoil  may  not  always  be  grown  on  the  same  soil,  or 
why,  after  beans,  a  good  harvest  of  wheat  will  follow." 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 

Zej'st,  near  Utrecht. 


NORTHAMPTONSHIRE    STORT. 

The  following  Imes  were  given  me  some  years 
ago  by  an  old  Northamptonshire  lady,  who  told 
me  she  had  them  from  her  mother;  that  they  were 
founded  on  a  fact  which  had  occurred,  and  that 
they  were  within  four  or  five  years  "before  the 
Pretender  went  to  Derby,"  or  about  1740.  They 
are  of  a  very  graphic  character,  though  unfortu- 


nately there  is  more  than  one  hiatus  in  the  MS. 
They  run  thus,  and  she  entitled  them 
"  Riding  round  the  Great  Oak. 
"  A  farm  of  Parkley's  at  the  Hall 

One  Satfield  hired  ;  nor  large,  nor  small : 

'Twas  just  one  hundred  pounds  a  year, 

And  reckoned  neither  cheap  nor  dear. 

At  half  year's  end  he  surely  went, 

And  at  the  Mansion  paid  his  Rent. 

One  day  as  Rent  was  tending  *  down 

'Twas  found  deficient,  just  a  Crown. 

His  head  he  scratched,  his  Shoulders  shrugged. 

And  from  his  Fob  his  purse  he  lugged  : 

Turned  inside  out  —  thrice  shook  it  well  — 

But  nothing  —  nothing  —  nothing  fell. 

When  three  times  told  'twas  just  the  same. 

'  So !  here's  some  blunder  of  my  Dame ; 

She  told  it  fifty,  I  dare  say : 

I  met  no  Gipsj'  by  the  way.' 

Something  beside  he  mumbled  «'er; 

Quoth  Parkley,  'Teaze  yourself  no  more, 

The  Crown  I'll  promise  to  forgive. 

If  you'll  acquaint  me  how  j-ou  live, 

Keep  a  sick  wife,  and  children  five. 

And  (as  the  Country  has  it)  thrive : 

Yet  never  fail  your  Rent  to  pay 

Each  Michaelmass  and  Lad}--day  — 

My  Farm  you  know  is  twice  the  size, 

And  snug  within  itself  it  lies ; 

It  is  my  own,  but  I  protest 

I  scarce  can  drudge  along  at  best' 

Said  Satfield,  and  he  shook  his  head ; 

'Aye,  measter,  something  might  be  said  — 

But  if,  and  that  the  truth  1  show  — 

Faith,  Landlord !  I  know  what  I  know.' 

'  Then  what  you  know,  discover,  do, 

And  1  shall  know  what  I  know  too.' 

'  Aye,  measter !  but  it's  sometimes  best 

To  curb  the  truth,  so  give  it  rest.' 

'  Give  it  rein  ! '     '  You'll  take  it  ill.' 

'  Call  me  Tenant,  if  I  will.' 

'  Why  then  — six  mornings  all  together, 

Ere  six  o'clock,  and  heed  no  weather  1 

Round  your  great  Oak,  in  far-field,  ride 

Three  Times  at  least  —  whatever  betide. 

Then  home  to  breakfast  —  on  your  life 

The  secret  trust  not,  e'en  your  wife.' 
"They  part;  that  night  upon  bis  bed, 

Parkley" recalled  what  Satfield  said; 

*  What  if  I  rise,  and  take  my  Mare,' 
Thought  he ;  '  there's  health  and  morning  air.' 
At  five  he  rose,  not  Madam  knew, 

Ere  six  the  hunting  gate  went  through, 
Saddled  his  steed  himself,  and  strait 
Stole  slyly  through  the  hunting  gate. 
O'er  the  first  field  went,  all  so  fast, 
But  o'er  the  rest  at  leisure  past. 
Far-field  at  length  he  reached  full  sad, 
For  'twas  the  farthest  field  he  had. 
The  Oak,  as  bid,  rode  three  times  round ; 
As  he  returned,  new  troubles  found. 
His  neighbour's  fields,  for  harvest  brown  — 
His  own  —  all  green,  and  trodden  down  — 
'  I  wonder  —  'tmust  be  out  by  now ; 
'  I  wonder  where  the  team's  at  plough : 

*  The  sheep  not  folded  all  the  night  — 
'  Was  ever  farm  in  such  a  plight  ?  ' — 
Arrived  at  home  —  his  Mare  put  in  — 
His  horses  were,  some  at  the  Bin, 


Sic. 


4aa 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Deo.  17.  '59^ 


Some  deep  in  dung,  instead  of  litter  — 
His  verj-  soul  was  in  a,  twitter. 
The  teat  still  weeping  for  tlie  Pail, 
In  every  Barn  slept  every  Flail. 

His  Servants  fast  —  but,  hark !  one  stirs ; 
Down  step  the  Maids  in  loose  attire 
To  dress  them  prattling  round  the  fire. 
The  maids  at  sight  of  Master  fled 
To  dress  above ;  then  down  came  Ned, 
And  Tom,  and  Will,  and  James  and  John  — 
'  You  drones !  are  these  your  goings  on  ? 
'  Out  of  my  house '  —  their  due  he  paid, 
And  turned  off  every  Man  and  Maid, 
Takes  a  new  set  —  his  ride  renews ; 
Each  morning  all  his  ground  reviews. 
The  Landlord  all  the  country  .... 

Large  ricks  and  barns  too  you  might  see 
Arise  around  the  great  Oak  Tree, 
And  Satfield,  to  his  heart's  content. 
Is  thanked  —  with  what? — a  twelvemonth's  rent." 
Can   any   of  your  readers  supply  the  missing 
verses  ?   And  can  they  tell  me  how  many  acres  at 
that  period   a  farm  consisted  of  which  might  be 
described  "  nor  large  nor  small "  ?  A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 


A   GOSSIP   ABOUT    CHRISTMAS    AND   ITS   POLK   LOBE. 

Marry,  this  is  a  subject  well  calculated  to  fill 
an  entire  number  of  "  N.  &  Q.,"  if  indeed  it 
would  not  rather  call  for  a  goodly  volume  to  itself 
to  do  it  justice.  Yet  peradventure  one  may  in  a 
page  or  two  touch  upon  a  few  of  its  pleasant  points 
and  bygone  memories. 

How  bound  up  with  the  social  history  of  Eng- 
land is  the  history  of  Christmas  ;  how  strongly  is 
the  national  mind  reflected  in  its  time-honoured 
observances ;  and  what  a  store  of  new  and  pleasant 
reading  might  any  Dry-as-dust  (if  the  shelves  of 
his  library,  on  which  his  Folk-lore  Collections  are 
ranged,  be  but  fitly  garnished)  gather  together  in 
a  few  hours,  to  show  us  on  the  one  hand  the  way 
in  which 

"  The  great  King  Arthur  made  a  sumptuous  feast, 
And  held  his  Royal  Christmas  at  Carlisle ; " 

and  in   strange   contrast   how   at  Christmas  the 
Groom  Porter  set  the  tables  for  play,  even 

"  In  the  old  time  when  George  the  Third  was  King." 
Of  a  truth,  his  difficulty  would  be,  not  what  to 
say,  but  what  to  omit;  —  not  where  to  begin,  but 
when  to  leave  off. 

Is  it  not  strange,  then,  that  with  a  theme  so 
rich,  we  find  year  after  year,  and  Christmas  after 
Christmas,  this  season  of  Peace  and  Goodwill,  and 
all  its  associations,  treated  of  by  everybody,  not 
with  a  rich  outpouring  of  his  own  spirit,  but  with 
a  refashioning  of  the  old  materials  gathered  ready 
to  his  hands  by  Brand,  Hone,  and  such  like  wor- 
thies. Why  should  not  the  same  research  which 
Sandys,  Rimbault,  and  Chappell,  have  employed 
upon  the  subject  of  Christmas  Carols  be  ex- 


tended to  other  remarkable  features  of  the  great 
Christian  Festival  ? 

What  though  the  Waits  seem  to  be  tired  of 
waiting,  and  to  have  disappeared,  is  there  not 
much  yet  to  be  gathered  concerning  their  past 
history  and  that  of  their  continental  brethren  ? 
The  admirable  translation  of  Vinny  Bourne's 
address  to  David  Cook,  "  a  vigilant  and  circum- 
spect watchman  of  Westminster,"  which  appeared 
in  your  first  volume  *,  called  forth  a  mass  of 
curious  information  touching  the  old  Watchman, 
his  Bell,  his  Dog,  and  his  Song.  Yet  the  subject 
can  scarcely  be  said  to  have  received  due  attea- 
tion  at  the  hands  of  the  antiquary.  Walter  Scott 
in  the  Illustrations  of  Northern  Antiquities,  and 
Edgar  Taylor  in  his  capital  little  book  on  the 
Troubadours  and  Minnesingers,  have  each  given 
us  a  specimen  of  the  German  Watchman  Songs ; 
but  surely,  seeing  what  an  addition  has  been  made 
of  late  years  to  the  collected  Ballad  Poetry  of  Ger- 
many, some  fresh  examples  might  well  be  given 
of  this  peculiar  expression  of  the  popular  voice. 

Has  any  curious  student  of  old  customs  learned 
the  origin  of  the  Christmas  Pieces,  in  which  the 
children  of  our  Charity  Schools  some  thirty  or 
forty  years  since  were  wont  to  try  their  skill  at 
calligraphy,  and  then  to  make  the  exhibition  of 
their  work  a  means  of  extracting  Christmas  Boxes 
from  their  friends  and  patrons?  Are  any  early 
specimens  of  these  Christmas  Pieces  known  to 
exist  ? 

Again,  how  many  quaint  and  apparently  un- 
meaning customs  exist,  or  have  existed  lately,  in 
various  parts  of  the  country,  on  which,  obscure  as 
they  may  at  first  sight  seem,  some  light  might  be 
thrown  by  research  among  the  traditions  of  the 
neighbourhood,  or  the  labours  of  Continental  An- 
tiquaries. 

Gay's  Epilogue  to  The  What  d!ye  call  it — 

"  Our  Stage  Play  has  a  moral,  and  no  doubt 
You  all  have  sense  enough  to  find  it  out," — 

might  well  be  parodied,  with  reference  to  such 
inquiries,  after  this  fashion  :  — 

"  Each  custom  has  its  meaning,  there's  no  doubt. 
Had  we  but  sense  enough  to  find  it  out." 

For  instance,  the  Kentish  custom  of  Hoden- 
ing:  — 

"  Hodening  in  Kent.— At  Ramsgate,  in  Kent,  they  begin 
the  festivities  of  Christmas  by  a  curious  musical  proces- 
sion. A  party  of  young  people  procure  the  head  of  a 
dead  horse,  which  is  affixed  to  a  pole  about  four  feet  in 
length.  A  string  is  tied  to  the  lower  jaw ;  a  horse-cloth 
is  then  attached  to  the  whole,  under  which  one  of  the 
party  gets,  and,  by  frequently  pulling  the  string,  keeps 
up  a  loud  snapping  noise,  and  is  accompanied  by  the 
rest  of  the  party  grotesquely  habited,  and  ringing  hand- 
bells. They  thus  proceed  from  house  to  house,  sounding 
their  bells,  and  singing  carols  and  songs.  They  are  com- 
monly gratified  with  beer  and  cake,  or  perhaps  with 


♦  It  S.  i.  152. 


2»'»  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


487 


money.    This  is  provincially  called  a  hodening,  and  the 
figure  above  described  as  a  hoden  or  wooden  horse. 

*•  This  curious  ceremony  is  also  observed  in  the  Isle  of 
Thanet  on  Christmas  Eve,  and  is  supposed  to  be  an  ancient 
relic  of  a  festival  ordained  to  commemorate  our  Saxon 
ancestors  landing  in  that  island." 

This  is  told  by  Busby  in  his  Concert  Room 
Anecdotes,  thence  transferred  to  Hone's  Every 
Day  Booh  (ii.  1642).  From  Hone  it  finds  its  way 
into  Brand's  great  storehouse  of  Popular  Anti- 
quities (i.  474.,  ed.  1849),  and  there  it  is  left ; 
but  who  can  doubt  that  if  any  zealous  member 
of  the  Kentish  Archaeological  Society  would  look 
into  the  Deutsche  Mythologie  of  that  most  profound 
scholar  Jacob  Grimm,  he  would  find  something 
new  and  worth  telling  in  illustration  of  this  very^ 
curious  custom? 

Who  can  doubt  that  in  many  parts  of  the 
country  traces  are  still  to  be  found  of  practices 
and  superstitions  which  Nork,  in  his  Festhalen- 
dar,  records  as  being  still  observed  among  our 
German  brethren.  Are  the  trees  nowhere  awak- 
ened in  England  with  a  cry  similar  to  that  ad- 
dressed to  them  in  Thuringia  :  "  Little  tree  wake 
up  —  Frau  Holle  is  at  hand"?  Does  there  no- 
where exist  among  us  any  evidences  of  a  belief 
that  on  Christmas  Eve  the  cattle  and  domestic 
animals  are  gifted  with  speech  and  a  higher  in- 
telligence ?  or  of  the  offerings  still  made  in  Nqfway 
on  Christmas  Day  to  the  Spirit  of  the  Waters  ? 
The  Norway  Legend  is  so  pretty  as  to  deserve  to 
be  told  in  English. 

Once  upon  a  time  a  fisherman  wished  on  Christ- 
mas Day  to  give  the  Spirit  of  the  Waters  a  cake ; 
but  when  he  came  to  the  shore,  lo !  the  waters 
were  frozen  over.  Unwilling  to  leave  his  offering 
upon  the  ice,  and  so  to  give  the  Spirit  the  trouble 
of  breaking  the  ice  to  obtain  it,  the  fisherman 
took  a  pickaxe,  and  set  to  work  to  break  a  hole 
in  the  ice.  In  spite  of  all  his  labour  he  was  only 
able  to  make  a  very  small  hole,  not  nearly  large 
enough  for  him  to  put  the  cake  through.  Having 
laid  the  cake  on  the  ice,  while  he  thought  what 
was  best  to  be  done,  suddenly  a  very  tiny  little 
hand  as  white  as  snow  was  stretched  through  the 
hole,  which  seizing  the  cake  and  crumpling  it  up 
together,  withdrew  with  it.  Ever  since  that  time 
the  cakes  have  been  so  small  that  the  Water 
Spirits  have  had  no  trouble  with  them.  And  in 
this  legend  we  have  the  origin  of  the  compliment 
so  often  paid  to  a  Norwegian  lady,  "  Your  hand  is 
like  a  water-sprite's  !  " 

Passing  in  review  the  twelve  days  of  Christmas, 
we  come  to  St.  Stephen's  Day :  and  here  let  me 
call  the  attention  of  your  readers  to  a  curious 
fragment  of  a  Friesic  song  in  honour  of  that  Saint, 
which  forms  a  fitting  illustration  to  the  Carol  on 
St.  Stephen's  Day  :  — 

"  St.  Stephen  was  an  holy  man,  , 

Endued  with  heavenly  might," — 
preserved  by  Mr.  Sandys  at  p.  140.  of  his  Christ- 


mas  Carols  Ancient  and  Modern.  The  connexion 
between  the  English  and  friesic  languages,  which 
latter  is  indeed  more  like  English  than  Anglo- 
Saxon,  gives  an  additional  interest  to  the  frag- 
ment, which  is  preserved  by  Mone  in  his  Ubersicht 
der  Niederlandischen  Volhs- Liter atur :  — 

"  Dj'  hollige  sinte  StefFen,  dy  mylde  godes  druyt, 
Jerusalem  to  de  porte  so  geeng  men  steten  uuyt, 
Men  worp  hern  mey  en  flentsteea 
Het  tlaesk  al  van  de  been ; 
Dirom  compt  sint  StefFen's  dag 
Christmoorn  nu  also  ney." 

Of  Childermas,  or  Innocents'  Day,  we  are 
told  over  and  over  again  that  it  was  "  a  custom  to 
whip  up  the  children  upon  Innocents'  Day  morn- 
ing, that  the  memorie  of  Herod's  murder  of  the 
Innocents  might  stick  the  closer,  and  in  a  moderate 
proportion  to  act  over  the  crueltie  again  in 
kinde."  Now  a  master  of  his  craft  might  tell 
much  more  than  this.  Our  lively  neighbours  the 
French  extended  this  practice  beyond  children ; 
and  so  common  was  it,  that  they  even  coined  a 
word  to  designate  it —  Innocenter.  Clement  Ma- 
rot  does  not  hesitate  to  tell  his  mistress  — 

"  Si  je  savais  ou  couche 
Votre  personne  au  jour  des  Innocens 
De  bon  matin  j'irais  h,  votre  couche,  &c." 

Early  rising  did  not  rescue  the  poorer  classes 
of  females  from  this  indecent  practice,  which  a 
princess  of  France  has  not  hesitated  to  record, 
and  Les  Escraignes  Dijonnoises  record  the  subtle 
scheme  of  a  poor  maiden  of  that  city  to  protect 
herself  from  this  degrading  treatment.  We  trust 
we  may  be  pardoned  for  these  allusions,  which  can 
only  perhaps  be  justified  by  the  feelings  of  thank- 
fulness that  we  live  in  better  times  which  a  know- 
ledge of  their  former  existence  ought  to  awaken 
in  us. 

But  what  a  theme  does  this  day  present  tp  the 
antiquary  who  has  leisure  to  work  it  out  in  the 
history  of  the  Feast  of  Innocents^  respecting  which 
Leber  has  told  us  so  much  in  his  Monnaies  des 
Fous,  and  of  which  we  have  traces  in  this  country 
in  our  own  Boy  Bishops,  of  one  of  whom  there  is  a 
monument  at  Salisbury,  and  of  another  at  Bindon 
in  Dorsetshire. 

More  I  would  have  said,  but  that  while  I  am 
yet  writing  there  comes  across  the  Atlantic  the 
wail  of  a  great  nation  for  the  loss  of  one  of  her 
noblest  sons,  —  Washington  Irving  is  no  more. 
He  who  with  all  the  humour,  refinement,  and 
delicacy  of  Goldsmith,  told  so  well  the  Story  of 
Christmas  in  England,  has  died  full  of  years,  and 
full  of  honour. 

Gentle  Reader,  in  the  midst  of  thy  mirth  this 
coming  Christmas,  let  not  the  memory  of  Geoffrey 
Crayon  be  forgotten  !  Ambrose  Mebxon. 


488 


NOTES  AND  QUlERlES. 


t2»*  8.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '69. 


CHRISTMAS  CUSTOMS   AND   rOLK-LOBE. 

Old  and  Neio  Style.  —  Last  Christmas  I  met 
with  the  following  scrap  of  Shropshire  folk-lore. 
It  was  to  determine  the  question  between  the  Old 
and  New  Style  ;  though  the  prescription  would  be 
both  a  dangerous  and  a  costly  one  to  carry  out. 
It  ran  thus :  If  you  throw  a  shovelful  of  hot 
coals  on  the  table-cloth  they  will  not  burn  it,  if  it 
is  really  Old  Christmas  Day.       Ctjthbert  Bede. 

A  Herefordshire  Christmas  Custom.  —  A  Here- 
fordshire farmer's  wife  told  me  that  the  first  thing 
on  the  morning  of  Christmas  Day  a  good  feed  of 
hay  (instead  of  straw,  &c.)  was  given  to  every 
beast,  and  that  on  that  day  all  the  house-servants 
were  given  white  bread  instead  of  brown. 

Cdthbebt  Bede. 

The  Thirteen  Fires  on  the  Vigil  of  Twelfth  Day. 
—  The  same  farmer's  wife  told  me  that  where 
she  had  lived  in  Herefordshire,  twenty  years  ago, 
they  were  wont  on  Twelfth  Night  Eve  to  light 
in  a  wheat  field  twelve  small  fires,  and  one  large 
one.  The  custom  was  observed  in  all  its  particu- 
lars, as  mentioned  by  Brand.  But  Brand  (as 
quoted  in  Hone's  Every  Day  Book,  i.  43.)  does 
not  give  the  reason  for  kindling  the  thirteen  fires. 
My  Herefi)rdsbire  informant  told  me  that  they 
were  designed  to  represent  the  blessed  Saviour 
and  his  twelve  Apostles.  The  fire,  representing 
Judas  Iscariot,  after  being  allowed  to  burn  for  a 
brief  time,  was  kicked  about,  and  put  out. 

CuTHBERT  Bede. 

The  OxerHs  Twelfth  Cake.  —  The  same  person 
also  told  me  that  the  ceremony  of  placing  the 
twelfth-cake  on  the  horn  of  the  ox  was  observed 
in  all  those  particulars,  which,  as  they  are  also 
mentioned  by  Brand,  I  need  not  here  repeat.  It 
was  twenty  years  since  she  had  left  the  farm,  and 
had  last  observed  the  custom,  and  she  had  forgot- 
ten all  the  words  of  the  toast  used  on  that  occasion ; 
she  could  only  remember  one  verse  out  of  three 
or  four :  — 

"Fill  your  cups,  my  merry  men  all! 
For  here's  the  best  ox  in  all  the  stall ; 
Oh !  he  is  the  best  ox,  of  that  there's  no  mistake, 
And  so  let  us  crown  him  with  the  Twelfth-cake." 

CuTHBERT  Bede. 
Michaelmas  Goose.  —  During  the  last  month  I 
have  been  amusing  myself  in  transcribing  some 
scores  of  grants  from  lords  of  manors  to  their 
free  tenants  in  the  thirteenth,  fourteenth,  fifteenth, 
and  sixteenth  centuries.  In  the  series  which  I 
have  had  before  me,  the  lord  almost  uniformly 
covenants,  among  other  reserved  rents  and  services, 
•  for  a  goose  at  Michaelmas.  To  this  manorial  cus- 
tom, therefore,  we  must  look  for  the  origin  of  the 
"  Michaelmas  Goose,"  rather  than  to  nursery  tales 
about  Queen  Bess,  who,  like  the  parish  clerk  (god- 
father to  all  who  can  find  no  other),  has  had  to 
stand  sponsor  for  all  the  mythical  stories  and 
facetiae  to  which  no  parentage  can  be  assigned. 


A  stubble  goose  is  in  prime  order  at  Michaelmas, 
as  the  manorial  lords,  jolly  fellows  in  their  day, 
well  knew ;  so  they  kept  their  table  well  supplied 
at  that  season,  by  reserving  one  from  each  of  their 
tenants. 

My  sei'vice  to  you,  my  jovial  friend,  "  N.  &  Q." 
I  hope  that  you  will  agree  with  me  that  I  have 
found  the  true  solution  of  this  vexata  questio,  and 
will  eat  your  next  Michaelmas  goose  with  me,  and 
wash  it  down  with  a  magnum  of  "  liquid  ruby  " 
—  supernaculum  —  the  blood  of  purple  berries 
mellowed  by  Lusitanian  suns  somewhere  about  the 
year  1815.  V.  R. 

Minced  Pies.  —  The  learned  Dr.  Parr  was  asked 
•by  a  lady  on  what  day  in  December  it  was  proper 
to  begin  eating  mince  pie.  "  Begin  on  O  Sapien- 
tia,"  replied  the  doctor  (Dec.  16).  "  But  please 
to  say  Christmas  pie,  not  mince  pie.  Mince  pie 
is  puritanical."  The  following  extract  from  The 
Patrician  of  Dec.  27,  1845,  will  serve  to  confirm 
the  doctoi-'s  statement :  — 

"  liven  the  poor  minced  pies  ar.d  the  plum-porridge 
came  under  the  interdict  of  the  Puritans  at  this  season  of 
the  year,  though  they  allowed  that  they  might  be  law- 
fully and  piously  eaten  in  any  month  except  December. 
Needham,  in  his  History  of  the  Rebellion,  says:  — 

"All  plums  the  prophet's  sons  deny, 
And  spice  broths  are  too  hot ; 
Treason's  in  a  December  pye, 
And  death  within  the  pot. 

"  Christmas,  farewell !  thj'  days,  1  fear, 
And  merry  days  are  done ; 
So  they  may  keep  feast  all  the  year, 
Our  Saviour  shall  have  none." 

Thomas  Boys. 

Hour-glass  in  Churches. — The  following  cutting 
from  a  Scotch  paper  is  worthy  of  preservation  in 
"  N.  &  Q."  In  preaching  on  the  shortness  of 
life,  the  old  preachers  had  before  them  a  very 
apt  illustration  of  their  subject ;  and  it  strikes 
me  I  have  read  repeatedly  in  the  sermons  of  the 
older  divines  pointed  allusions  to  the  fleeting 
"  sands  of  time,"  though  I  cannot  charge  my  me- 
mory with  them  at  present.  Perhaps  some  of 
your  correspondents  would  favour  me,  through 
your  pages,  with  a  few  illustrative  extracts  of  the 
kind  indicated  :  — 

"  A  Sand-Glass  used  in  Church, — A  sand-glass  for 
marking  time  having  been  seen  in  the  Established  Church 
of  a  parish  near  Perth,  a  gentleman  residing  near  Dundee 
sent  to  the  clergyman  requesting  particulars  about  it,  and 
received  in  reply  the  following  account  of  its  purpose  and 
uses :  — '  Our  sand-glass  is  a  relic  of  antiquity.  There 
used  to  be  one  in  every  church  in  the  olden  time.  Their 
use  was  to  regulate  the  length  of  the  long-winded  ora- 
tions with  which  the  ministers  of  those  days  were  wont 
to  favour  their  hearers.  Watches  were  not  so  common 
then  as  now ;  and,  as  the  sermons  were  not  written,  the 
preachers,  when  once  set  a-going,  did  not  know  when  to 
stop  without  some  reasonable  monition.  With  a  view  to 
this,  a  sand-glass  ^vas  erected  on  a  stand  in  front  of  the 
precentor's  desk,  so  as  to  be  seen  both  by  minister  and 
people.  When  the  sand  ran  out,  the  precentor,  whose 
duty  it  was  to  attend  to  it,  held  it  up  in  front  of  the 


:2=»*  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


489 


minister,  to  let  him  know  how  the  time  was  passing. 
But  this  did  not  always  suffice  to  put  a  stop  to  their  elo- 
quence. There  is  a  story  told  of  an  earnest  preacher, 
who,  on  getting  the  customary  signal,  thus  parenthetic- 
ally addressed  his  hearers — "  My  brethren,  the  precentor 
reminds  me  that  the  time  is  up;  but  I  have  still  some- 
what to  add,  so  if  you  please,  we  shall  have  one  glass 
more,  and  then — "  I  found  our  glass  among  some  lumber, 
along  with  the  tent  which  was  used  at  the  tent  preach- 
ings, or  "  Holy  Fairs,"  and  got  it  restored  to  its  ancient 
position  as  a  curiosity.  The  stand  is  rather  tastefully 
made  of  thin  iron  plates,  and  I  thought  it  a  pity  it 
should  be  allowed  to  fall  aside.' " —  Scotsman,  Nov.  7th, 
1869. 

J.  A.  P. 

Local  Superstitions  :  Cornwall.  —  A  lady  who 
was  staying  lately  near  Penzance,  attended  a 
funeral,  and  noticed  that  whilst  the  clergyman 
was  reading  the  burial  service,  a.  woman  forced 
her  way  through  the  pall-bearers  to  the  edge  of 
the  grave.  When  he  came  to  the  passage,  "  Earth 
to  earth,  ashes  to  ashes,  dust  to  dust,"  she  dropped, 
a  white  cloth  upon  the  coiEn,  closed  her  eyes,  and 
apparently  said  a  prayer.  On  making  inquiries 
as  to  the  cause  of  this  proceeding,  this  lady  found 
that  a  superstition  exists  among  the  peasants  in 
that  part,  that  If  a  person  with  a  sore  be  taken 
secretly  to  a  corpse,  the  dead  hand  passed  over 
the  sore  place,  and  the  bandage  afterwards  drop- 
ped upon  the  coffin  during  the  reading  of  the 
burial  service,  a  perfect  cure  will  be  the  result. 
This  woman  had  a  child  who  had  a  bad  leg,  and 
she  had  followed  this  superstition,  with  a  firm 
belief  in  its  efficacy.  The  peasants  also  to  the 
present  day  wear  charms,  believing  they  will  pro- 
tect them  from  sickness  and  other  evils. 

The  wife  of  the  clergyman  of  the  parish  was 
very  charitable  in  attending  the  sick,  and  dispen- 
sing medicines,  and  one  day  a  woman  brought  her 
child  having  sore  eyes,  to  have  them  charmed, 
having  more  faith  in  that  remedy  than  in  medi- 
cines. She  was  greatly  surprised  to  find  that 
medicines  only  were  given  to  her.  E.  R. 


MEALS    OF   MEBSE  FABM   SERVANTS. 

In  the  county  of  Berwick,  and  I  believe  in 
other  counties  of  Scotland,  it  was  the  universal 
practice  some  fifty  or  sixty  years  ago,  and  is  con- 
tinued much  the  same  at  the  present  day,  for 
farm-hinds  or  labourers  to  have  six  meals  during 
the  day.  1.  Before  commencing  labour  in  the 
early  morning  they  had  their  IDupiece  or  Dexo- 
piece  *,  which  consisted  of  a  piece  of  bread  and 
butter,  or  bread  and  cheese,  or  most  usually  of 
bread  and  milk.  The  Dewpiece  is  now  gene- 
rally discontinued.  2,  B?-eakfast,  which  invaria- 
bly consists  of  oatmeal  porridge  with  milk,  or,  in 

*  Dupiece  is  evidently  from  Dew,  or  perhaps  Daw,  the 
dawn,  corresponding,  says  Jamieson,  to  *'  0.  Teut.  Dagh- 
woes,  jentaculum." 


defect  of  the  latter  article,  a  piece  of  butter  or 
treacle,  or  treacle-drink, — a  weak  sort  of  beer  made 
with  treacle  dissolved  in  hot  water,  and  fermented 
with  barm  or  r/east.  This  meal  is  usually  taken 
i  about  seven  o'clock.  3.  On  returning  from  their 
!  yoking  about  ten  o'clock,  during  the  spring  and 
summer  months,  they  have  their  Nockit*,  which 
consists  generally  of  bread  and  butter  or  bread 
and  cheese.  4.  Dinner,  taken  usually  about  twelve 
o'clock.  This  meal  is  generally  made  up  of  pork- 
broth,  and  sometimes  of  mutton  —  a  rich  stew  of 
pickled-pork,  cabbage,  greens,  barley,  minced  car- 
rot, turnips,  peas,  &c.  The  second  course  of  pork  ad 
libitum,  with  potatoes,  bread,  &c.  This  is  what  our 
labourers  call  "  a  kail  and  flesh  dinner,"  and  such 
a  dinner  bulks  large  in  their  imagination ;  and 
where  this  is  the  staple  commodity,  it  is  called  "  a 
good  meat  house."  In  some  houses,  where  mistresses 
are  inclined  to  be  niggardly,  salted  herrings  and 
potatoes  alone  are  frequently  given  as  a  substi- 
tute; but  such  a  repast  the  ploughmen  hold  in 
contempt  and  detestation.  5.  The  Fourhours. 
This  is  only  given  at  certain  times  and  occasions, 
as  in  haytime  or  harvest:  a  piece  of  bread  and 
cheese  usually  constituted  this  repast.  In  winter, 
when  the  ploughmen  come  in  about  five  o'clock, 
they  usually  have  a  meal  of  bread  and  milk,  or 
bread  and  butter,  or  cheese ;  and,  6.  The  day  is 
concluded  by  supper  about  eight  o'clock,  after  the 
ploughmen  return  from  cleaning  and  suppering 
their  horses.  The  supper  generally  consists  of 
herrings  and  potatoes,  or  of  the  broth  left  from 
dinner  heated  up,  and  taken  with  as  much  of  the 
"  staff  of  life  "  as  they  could  eat. 

It  will  thus  appear  that  our  agricultural  la- 
bourers are  most  abundantly  supplied  with  "  the 
good  things  of  this  life."  The  above  remarks, 
however,  apply  chiefly  to  such  unmarried  plough-  " 
men  as  are  boarded  in  the  farmer's  house  :  the 
hinds  or  married  ploughmen,  who  live  in  the  cot- 
tages attached  to  all  large  farms,  are  perhaps 
scarcely  so  well  "  meated "  as  their  single  com- 
peers ;  but  from  frequent  observation  I  think 
their  meals  seem  to  be  as  frequent  and  as  substan- 
tial. Menyanthes. 
Chirnside. 


motet  :    TENOR. 

It  has  long  been  a  disputed  point  as  to  what  is 
the  proper  etymology  of  the  word  motet.  I  think 
I  can  now  settle  it.  The  usual  derivation  is  from 
motus,  movement,  but  from  a  MS.  which  has  lately 
come  into  my  hands  it  would  appear  that  long 
before  the  regular  motet  caiiie  into  fashion  there 
was  a  species  of  church  music  in  Biscant  which 
was  called  mutetus.     Each  mutetus  has  its  accom- 

*  Nockit,  a  slight  repast  or  luncheon  taken  between 
breakfast  and  dinner.  Perhaps,  as  Sibbald  suggests,  it  is 
from  nooncate  or  cake. 


490 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Dkc.  17.  '69-. 


panying  "tenor,"  usually  with  different  words  ;  the 
tenor  being  sometimes  much  shorter  and  probably 
repeated,  to  which  the  mutetus  formed  a  counter- 
point. This  is  to  some  extent  conjecture,  for  I 
have  not  yet  been  able  to  see  exactly  how  the 
two  parts  were  sung.  This  much  is  at  any  rate 
tolerably  clear,  that  in  this  description  of  music 
we  have  the  origin  of  the  word  motet  and  also  of 
tenor ;  the  former  being  derived  from  muto, 
perhaps  from  the  change  in  the  words.  To  give 
an  idea  of  this  change  of  words  I  will  quote  two 


passages. 
Mutetus :  — 


."  Jam  Jam  nube  dissolvitur, 
Jam  Jam  patet  galaxia ; 
Jam  flos  de  spina  rampitur; 
Jam  Jam  oritur  Maria ; 
Jam  verum  lumen  cernitur; 
Jam  Jam  demonstratur  via ; 
Jam  pro  nobis  pia 
Exoret  Maria 
Ut  summa  fruamur  gloria." 
Tenor  : — 

"  Jam  Jam  novum  sidus  oritur  j 
Jam  Jam  patet  galaxia ; 
Jam  ex  Juda  nascitur ; 
Jam  Jam  oritur  INIaria ; 
Jam  nobis  ccelum  panditur ; 
Jam  det  nobis  gaudia ; 
In  Coeli  curia 
Xps  cujus  filia, 
Et  Mater  est  Maria." 

The  second  which  I  shall  quote  has  not  only 
different,  but  in  the  mutetus   actually   profane, 
words,  viz.  a  hymn  of  Jews  in  praise  of  money, 
while  the  tenor  is  chanting  Kyrie  Eleison. 
Mutetus :  — 

"  Dum  crumena  plena  tumet  aare, 
Ilonoratur  qui  despectus  ante  fuit,  quando  visus  est 

habere : 
Nummum  discas  semper  possidere, 
Nummus  in  exilio 
Ut  filio 
Pater  novit  fidem  praebere. 
Sic  ubique  pervalet  habere 

Nummos  in  exilio." 
Tenor  : — 

«  Kyrie  Eleison." 
Then  comes  another  mutetus  which  seems  to 
be  a  sequel  to  the  former,  a  reproof  to  the  rascally 
Jews  who  have  been  singing  before. 
Mutetus :  — 

"  0  Natio  Nephandi  generis. 
Cur  gratia^  donis  abuteris  ? 
Multiplici  reatu  laberis. 
Quod  literam  legis  amplecteris 
Et  litteraB  meduUam  deseris. 

"  Gens  perfida  coecata  deperis, 
Si  Moysen  consideraveris, 
Nee  faciem  videre  poteris 
Si  mystice  non  intellexeris, 
In  facie  cornuta  falleris. 
Considera  misera  quare  dampnaberis, 
Quod  litterara  perperam  interpretaveris. 
Convertere  propere  nam  si  converteris 
Per  gratiam  veniam  culpae  mereberis." 


Tenor  :  — 

"  0  Natio  Nephandi  generis." 

These  will  give  some  idea  of  the  nature  of  this 
kind  of  church  composition.  The  whole  book  is 
somewhat  interesting,  consisting  principally  of  se- 
quences, tropes,  verses,  and  hymns  in  two  parts, 
i.  e.  cum  biscantu.  J.  C.  J. 

P.S.  I  see,  in  Kiesewether's  History  of  Music,  a 
portion  of  an  early  Mass  in  Harmony  (No.  2.),  in 
which  the  second  part  is  called  motetus.  It  would 
be  interesting  to  know  the  date  of  the  manuscript 
from  which  this  was  copied. 


"  MODEEN  SLA.NG,  CANT,  AND  VULGAR   WORDS. 

As  the  compiler  of  the  Dictionary  with  the  above 
title  solicits  (at  the  end  of  the  preface)  any  addi- 
tions or  corrections,  I  shall  be  complying  with  his 
request  in  making  the  following  Note.  I  would 
premise  that,  with  the  exception  of  the  Saturday 
Review,  I  have  not  seen  any  of  the  newspaper 
critiques  on  this  publication;  and  I  may,  very 
probably,  have  been  anticipated  in  some  of  my 
remarks. 

The  paper  just  mentioned  has  already  noticed 
the  erroneous  derivations  of  '^^  Bobby"  and  "  Joey,'* 
though,  with  regard  to  the  former,  the  compiler 
bad  given  the  word  "  Peeler,  a  policeman,"  which 
should  have  led  him  to  its  proper  derivation.  For 
"  Brick,"  a  better  derivation  has  been  given  in 
these  pages.  Many  theatrical  terms  are  given  by 
the  compiler,  though  he  has  omitted  some  that  are 
in  common  acceptation  ;  e.  g.  goose,  goosing,  for  a 
hiss,  and  hissing  —  and,  get-up,  and  to  get-up,  as  of 
the  decorations  of  a  play. 

"  There's  so  much  getting  up  to  please  the  town, 
It  takes  a  precious  deal  of  coming  down," 

says  the  manager  of  the  Haymarket  Theatre  in 
Planche's  burlesque  of  Mr.  Buckslone's  Ascent 
of  Mount  Parnassus.  The  phrase  is  also  made 
use  of  out  of  the  theatre  :  "  he  was  got  up  very 
extensively,"  said  of  a  man  who  is  "  dressed  within 
an  inch  of  his  life,"  or  "  dressed  to  death."  Modern 
burlesque  and  farces  would  have  supplied  the  com- 
piler of  the  Dictionary  with  many  additional  in- 
stances of  modern  slang,  as  well  as  with  amusing 
illustrations  of  the  use  of  many  words.  Thus, 
"Pipe"  means  something  more  than  '■'■to  be- 
wail :" — 

"  He  first  began  to  eye  his  pipe, 
And  then  to  pipe  his  eye  j" — 

for,  is  there  not  "putting  a  man's  pipe  out"? 

"By  forcing  her  with  tears  her  love  to  wipe  out, 
And  putting  thus  her  faithful  shepherd's  pipe  out." 
Planche's  Once  upon  a  Time. 

"  Chalks,"  to  walk  one's  chalks,  might,  I  should 
imagine,  be  explained  by  a  person  who  has  run  up 


SoJ  S.  VIII.  Deo.  17.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


491 


a  score,  or  "  chalk,"  at  a  public-house  or  shop, 
walking  off  without  paying  for  it. 

"  And  if  you  want  fresh  liquor,  you  must  pay. 
For  chalks  too  often  walk  themselves  away." 

Albert  Smith's  Alhavthra. 

This  same  burlesque  also  thus  puns  on  the  phrase 
"  saving  one's  bacon  ;" — 

"Be  calm,  or  I'm  mistaken, 
This  rasher  mood  will  never  save  our  bacon." 

Here  are  some  other  illustrations  of  modern  slang 
phrases  : — 

"  A  poor  widow  and  her  orphan  chicks. 
Left  without  fixtures,  in  an  awful Jix." 

Planchfe's  Good  Woman  in  the  Wood. 
"  I  don't  like  quarrels  washed  out  with  palm-soap." 
F.  Talfourd's  Shylock. 
Grat.  "  I  see  then,  by  your  pruning  knife,  of  course, 

Though  you  hate  pig,  you're  partial  to  prune  sauce. 
Shy.  "  A  source  you'll  find  for  cooking  your  friend's  goose." 

Ibid. 
"  Oh !  flattering  foresight !  see 
Her  bundle  made  to  bundle  off  with  me." 

Planchfe's  King  Charming. 

&c.  &c.,  for  such  examples  might  be  extended  ad 
mfiidtum.  But  I  would  especially  mention  Poole's 
Hamlet  Travestie,  with  its  clever  annotations  after 
the  manner  of  Johnson,  Steevens,  and  the  Shak- 
sperian  commentators,  wherein  many  specimens  of 
modern  slang  are  elucidated  in  the  most  amusing 
manner:  e.g.  rig,  paws  off,  gab,  diddled,  up  to 
snuff,  all  gammon,  mill  him,  bread-basket,  dish'd, 
dash  my  wig,  all  dickey,  my  eye  and  tommy.  I 
transcribe  the  annotation  on  this  last  phrase,  for 
the  amusement  of  those  who  have  not  the  original 
to  refer  to. 

"  3fy  Eye  and  Tommy. 

"  This  is  rather  an  obscure  phrase.  I  suspect  the  author 
wrote  7ny  own  to  me,  and  that  the  passage  originally  stood 
thus: —  ^ 

But  I  have  that  without  you  can't  take  from  me. 
As  my  black  clothes  are  all  nij'  own  to  me. 
The  whole  passage,  which  before  was  unintelligible,  is  by 
this  slight  alteration  rendered  perfectly  clear,  and  may  be 
thus  explained; — you  may  disapprove  of  my  outward 
appearance,  but  you  cannot  compel  me  to  alter  it ;  foryou 
have  no  control  over  that  which  I  wear  without,  as  my 
black  clothes  are  all  my  own  to  me — i.e.  my  personal  pro- 
perty— not  borrowed  from  the  royal  wardrobe,  but  made 
expressly  for  me,  and  at  my  own  expense. 

"  Warburton. 

"  Here  is  an  elaborate  display  of  ingenuity  without  ac- 
curacy. He  that  will  wantonly  sacrifice  the  sense  of  his 
author  to  a  supererogatory  refinement,  may  gain  the  ad- 
miration of  the  unlearned,  and  excite  the  wonder  of  the 
ignorant ;  but  of  obtaining  the  praise  of  the  illuminated, 
and  the  approbation  of  the  erudite,  let  him  despair. 

"iUy  eye  and  Tommy  (i.e.  fudge)  is  the  true  reading, 
and  the  passage,  as  it  stands,  is  correct.  Johnson. 

"In  the  liyghte  Tragycall  History  of  Master  Thomas 
Thumbe,  bl.  let.,  no  date,  I  find  •  'Tis  all  my  eye  and  Betty 
Martin,'  used  in  the  same  sense.  If  the  substitution  of 
'  Tommy '  for  '  Betty  Martin '  be  allowed.  Dr.  Johq^on's 
explanation  is  just.  Steevens." 

Hood's  humorous  Poems  would  also  afford  several 
examples  for  Mr.  Hotten's  Dictionary.  Also  Mat- 


thews' At  Homes,  and  the  younger  Colman's  works 
would  supply  some  omitted  words ;  e.g.  casting 
sheeps-eyes  at  a  person  : — 

"  But  he,  the  beast !  was  casting  sheep-eyes  at  her. 
Out  of  his  bullock  head." 

Broad  Grins,  p.  57. 
See  also  (in  Broad  Grins)  "  Crow-thumping,"  p. 
55. ;"  Odrabbit,"  79. ;"  Mulligrubs,"  85. ;"  Dollies," 
109.;   "Jemmy,"   116.  for  illustrations  of  slang 
words. 

Of  the  modern  sense  of  the  word  Bore,  the 
Prince  Consort  made  an  amusing  and  efi'ective  use 
in  his  masterly  address  to  the  British  Association, 
at  Aberdeen,  Sept.  14.  1859.  He  said  (as  re- 
ported by  The  Times)  : — 

"  I  will  not  weary  you  by  further  examples,  with  which 
most  of  3'ou  are  better  acquainted  than  I  am  myself,  but 
merely  express  my  satisfaction  that  there  should  exist 
bodies  of  men  who  will  bring  the  well-considered  and 
understood  wants  of  science  before  the  public  and  the 
Government,  who  will  even  hand  round  the  begging-box 
and  expose  themselves  to  refusals  and  rebuffs  to  which  all 
beggars  are  liable,  with  the  certainty,  besides,  of  being 
considered  great  bores.  Please  to  recollect  that  this  species 
of  bore  is  a  most  useful  animal,  well  adapted  for  the  ends 
for  which  nature  intended  him.  He  alone,  by  constantly 
returning  to  the  charge,  and  repeating  the  same  truths 
and  the  same  requests,  succeeds  in  awakening  attention 
to  the  cause  which  he  advocates,  and  obtains  that  hearing 
which  is  granted  him  at  last  for  self-protection,  as  the 
minor  evil  compared  to  his  importunity,  but  which  is  re- 
quisite to  make  his  cause  understood." 

The  Gradus  ad  Cantairigiam  (which  the  com- 
piler of  the  Dictionary  does  not  appear  to  have 
made  use  of)  suggests  the  derivation  of  bore, 
as  probably  from  Bopoy,  onus,  molestia  —  whence 
burden.     *     * 

"  .  .  .  It  has  been  proved  bj'  quotation  from  Shak- 
speare,  that  the  word  tore,  in  the  above  sense,  is  not  pecu- 
liar to  the  moderns.  In  the  historical  play  of  Henry  the 
Eighth,  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  says  to  Norfolk,  al- 
luding to  Cardinal  Wolsey, 

"  '  I  read  in  his  looks 
Matters  against  me,  and  his  ej-e  revil'd 
Me,  as  his  object :  at  this  instant, 
He  bores  me  with  some  trick." 

This  Shakspearian  use  of  the  word  is  worthy  of 
notice.     (  Vide  Henry  VIII.,  Act  I.  Sc.  1 .) 

Bags  in  the  Slang  dictionary  appears  to  apply 
to  money  :  but  the  modern  use  might  have  been 
given,  i.  e.  a  pair  of  trousers,  —  used  in  conjunc- 
tion with  other  words  of  modern  slang,  viz.  a 
pair  of  loud  bags  (of  a  vulgar  flaunting  colour  or 
pattern),  quiet  lags  (gentlemanly),  and  go-to- 
meeting  bags  (one's  "  best "  trousers).  In  addi- 
tion to  these  and  similar  adjectives,  we  also  now 
hear  of  a  fcetid  waistcoat,  &c.,  this  expression 
being  the  equivalent  of  loud.  Bad  should  have 
been  here  inserted  in  the  Dictionary ;  "  he  went 
to  the  bad."  "  Bog-thotter,  satirical  name  for 
an  Irishman,"  says  the  Dictionary.  But  Camden^ 
speaking  of  the  "  debatable  land  "  on  the  borders 
of  England  and  Scotland,  says,  "  both  these  dales 


492 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '59. 


breed  notable  bog-  trotters."  Cad  should  include 
"  a  vulgar  "  as  well  as  "  a  mean  "  fellow.  Chaun- 
TEES  should  include  horse-chaunters,  i.  e.  those 
who  sell  unsound  horses  for  sound  ones.  Chkek 
should  include  cheek  by  jowl : 

"  To  say  the  truth,  a  modern  versifier 
Clap'd  cheek  by  jov.-l 
With  Pope,  with  Dry'den,  and  with  Prior." 

(G.  Colman  the  Younger.) 

Cock  should  include  the  "  cock  of  a  school,"  "  to 
cock  over  a  person,"  "  to  cock  his  back," 
"  Enough  to  cock  the  Lickey's  back," 
says  (alluding  to  the  neighbouring  hill)  the  author 
(John  Crane  *)  of  a  very  curious  book  of  Poems 
printed  at  Bromsgrove  early  in  the  present  cen- 
tury, wherein  the  writer  rhymes  in  Hudibrastic 
verse  with  considerable  ease  and  ability,  and  in- 
dulges in  colloquialisms  and  slang,  from  which 
many  specimens  might  be  selected  for  the  Dic- 
tionary, The  term  "  a  Gent "  occurs  in  this 
book  ;  and  in  the  poem  "  Jest  for  Jest "  are  these 
lines : — 

"  Gosh  dockett !  this  is  never  it ; 

Odds  bobs  and  sides ;  this  little  bit?  " 
"  All  loyal  men  will '  knab  the  rust.' " 
"  Unfiunish'd  in  the  upper  loft." 
"  All  our  strutting  bucks 
Join  hands,  like  '  heek,  heek,  all  my  bucks." 
."  Swell'd  till  his  M'aistcoat  lost  a  button, 
Like  Bromsgrove  men  at  'sugar'd  mutton.' " 

To  return  to  Mr.  Hotten's  Dictionary.  Collar 
should  include  coUor'd-upy  i.  e.,  when  a  person  is 
kept  close  to  his  business  (see  "Out  of  Collar"). 
Don  should  include  the  College  Don  ;  for  whom 
the  extinct  word  scull  is  made  to  do  duty.  Fat 
should  include  the  sense  in  which  a  person  is  said 
to  Cut  up  fat,  i,  e.  to  leave  a  large  fortune  at  his 
death,  I  believe  also  that  it  is  a  theatrical  term  : 
a  "part"  with  plenty  of  fat  in  it  being  one  that 
aflfords  the  actor  an  opportunity  for  efiective  dis- 
play. _  Hand  is  also  used  as  thus  —  a  cool  hand, 
explained  by  Sir  Thomas  Overbury  to  be  "  one 
who  accounts  bashfulness  the  wickedest  thing  in 
the  world,  and  therefore  studies  impudence." 
Half  should  include  half-haked  and  half  -  cracked, 
as  well  as  half-foolish.  Ivories  is  a  name  also 
for  dice  as  well  as  teeth.  Dice,  too,  are  called 
hones,  and  also  St.  Hugh's  bones.  (Query,  why  ?) 
Muck  should  include  mucher,  "  he  went  a  fearful 
mucker,  &c."  When  a  person  makes  a  bad  dash 
at  anything,  and  fails, — whether  he  is  thrown  from 
his  _  horse  when  taking  a  leap,  or  makes  "con- 
fusion worse  confounded  "  of  his  college  examina- 
tions. Peck  should  be  followed  by  pecker,  pluck, 
or  courage,  —  "  keep  up  your  pecker  ;  "  "  never 
say  die  ! "  Pin  should  include  such  meanings  as 
are  attached  to  the  phrases,  "  don't  care  a  pin," 

_  *  Not  mentioned  in  Chambers'  Biographical  Illustra- 
tions of  Worcestershire. 


"  not  worth  a  pin."  Ploughed  has  also  the  same 
University  meaning  as  plucked;  also  called  gulphed. 
Pot  should  include  the  meaning  contained  in  the 
phrase  "  make  the  pot  boil."  "Alas  :  in  classical 
times,  the  corpse  was  reduced  to  ashes,  which 
were  placed  in  an  urn  or  pot,  so  that  when  a 
man  died,  it  could  be  said  of  him  '  he  is  gone  to 
pot !  '  "  Shot  should  include  "  pay  your  shot^'' 
and  "  (o  make  a  shot,"  when  a  man  gives  a  guess. 
"  A  bad  shot "  is  one  of  the  worst  exposures  of 
his  ignorance  that  an  University  man,  when  up 
for  examination,  can  make.  Shy  should  include 
the  sense  used  in  "  fighting  shy  of  any  person." 
Snip  might  alto  be  followed  by  Snyder.  Sport, 
The  Gradus  ad  Cantabrigiam  (or  Gradus  ad  Cant, 
as  it  might  very  properly  be  termed)  says,  this  is 
"  a  word  sacred  to  men  of  fashion.  Whatever 
they  do  is  nothing  but  sporting.  '  One  man  sports 
a  paradoxiciil  walking-stick.'  {Grose's  Olio.} 
Another  spoiis  his  beaver  at  noon-day  —  spo7'ts 
his  dog  and  his  gun  —  sports  his  shooting-jacket." 
"  With  regard  to  the  knowing  word  Sport,  they 
(the  Cantabrigians)  sported  knowing,  and  they 
sported  ignorant  —  they  sported  an  Egrotat,  and 
they  sported  a  new  coat  —  they  sported  an  Exeat : 
they  sported  a  Dormiat,  &c." — (Gent.  Mag.  Dec. 
1794.) 

It  would  fill  a  not  very  small  volume  (though 
not  a  particularly  interesting  one)  to  give  the 
examples  of  University  slang,  both  ancient  and 
modern,  but  1  will  content  myself  by  a  reference 
to  the  various  uses  to  which  the  word  Crd  is  put. 
(Vide  Gradus  ad  Cant.,  and  Gent.  Mag.  Dec. 
1794.) 

Tick,  in  the  sense  of  on  ticket,  or  on  trust, — 
says  the  compiler  of  Mr.  Hotten's  Dictionary,  — 
was  "in  use  1668."  The  Grad.  ad  Cant,  assigns 
an  earlier  date :  "  No  matter  upon  landing  whether 
you  have  money  or  no — you  may  swim  in  twentie 
of  their  boats  over  the  river  upon  ticket," 
(Decker's  GuV s  Hornbook,  1609.)  Tied-tjp  should 
include  the  meaning  of  "  married";  some  jocose 
connection,  perhaps,  with  the  halter  (altar). 
Twig  should  include  "  hop  the  twig,"  which  may 
be  elegantly  translated  by  "  cut  your  stick." 
Wide-awake  :  the  explanation  might  be  added, 
that  it  was  so  called  from  never  having  a  nap. 
WooDEN-SFooN  should  include  the  archery  term, 
which  also  suggests  the  addition  of  Petticoat.  (In 
this  page  of  the  Dictiona?-y,  p.  117.,  there  is  an 
error  of  the  press,  —  "  pens"  for  "  Fens  ;  "  and 
liestieus,  p.  84.,  should  be  rusticus.) 

The  English  Spy  would  afford  a  rich  mine  for 
the  working  of  a  Slang  Dictionary.  Here  is  a 
specimen  nugget:  — 

"Most  noble  cracks,  and  worthy  cousin  trumps, — per- 
mit jne  to  introduce  a  brother  of  the  togati,  fresh  as  a  new- 
blown  rose,  and  innocent  as  the  lilies  of  St.  Clements. 
Be  unto  him  ever  ready  to  promote  his  wishes,  whether 
for  spree  or  sport,  in  term  and  out  of  term,  —  against  the 
Inquisition  and  their  bull-dogs  —  the  town-raff  and  the 


8»*  S.  VIII.  Dkc.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


493 


bargees— well  blunted  or  stiver  cramped  — against  dun  or 
don  — nob  or  big  wig— so  may  you  never  want  a  bumper 
of  hisliop."  (p.  255.) 

An  article  entitled  "  Gents,"  in  the  Saturday 
Review  for  Sept.  24,  1859,  also  directs  attention  to 
another  likely  mine ;  and  Silk  and  Scaidet  would* 
appear  to  b»  one  of  the  new  books  of  the  season 
from  which  a  gleaning  might  be  made.  But  my 
note  has  already  too  greatly  trespassed  upon  your 
apace,  and  I  therefore  hasten  on  to  notice  a  few 
words  omitted  from  Mr.  Hotten's  Dictionary. 

Beetle-squashsj^s,  large   feet.      Buff,  the  bare 
skin. 

"  When  our  pair  were  soused  enough,  and  returned  in  their 

iM/f."— (Mr.  Hughes'  "  Magic  Lay  of  the  One-horse 

Chay,"  Blackwood,  i824.J 

Bustle,  money  —  "draw  the  bustle."  Coper,  a 
horse-dealer.  Crumbs,  "to  pick  up  one's  crumbs." 
Daddies,  hands  — "  tip  us  your  daddies."  Fin  is 
also  used  in  the  same  sense ;  and,  further,  hands 
are  termed/lapper-shahers.  Brandy  and  port  mixed 
in  equal  quantities  is  (in  slang)  called  Jlesh  and. 
blood.  A  ginger  is  a  showy,  fast  horse.  Golgotha, 
a  hat,  "  the  place  of  a  skull."  Goggles  are  spec- 
tacles."' HangmarCs  wages  is  an  equivalent  for 
thirteenpence  halfpenny  (why?).  Slash,  "a  regular 
hash;"  "he  made  quite  a  hash  of  it."  Malting, 
drinking  beer.  Queer,  used  as  a  verb ;  "  to  queer 
a  flat,  to  puzzle  or  confound  a  gull,  or  silly  fellow." 
See  Don  Juan  (and  also  the  notes  thereupon). 
Canto  xi.  19.,  where  is  another  word  omitted  in 
the  Dictionary — spellkert,  a  theatre: — 

"  Who  in  a  row  like  Tom  could  lead  the  van, 
Booze  in  the  ken,  or  at  the  spellken  hustle? 
Who  queer  a  flat  ?  "  &c. 
Rails,  as  "  front-rails,"  i.e.  the  teeth,  also  called 
"  head-rails."  Strong,  "  to  come  it  strong."   Wool- 
bird,  a  lamb.      The  "wing  of  a  wool-bird"  is  a 
shoulder  of  lamb. 

I  will  conclude  with  a  few  guesses  and  queries. 
Is  blowen,  one  whose  reputation  is  blown  upon  or 
damaged  ?  May  not  button  have  taken  its  meaning 
.of  "  a  decoy,  sham  purchaser,"  from  its  connexion 
with  "Brummagem"  {i.e.  Bromwich-ham),  which 
was  often  used  as  a  synonym  for  a  sham  ?  Rook, 
"a  clergyman;"  perhaps,  not  only  from  the  black 
dress,  but  from  the  cock-robin  nursery  song — 
"  I  says  the  Eook 

With  my  little  book, 

I'll  be  the  Parson." 
Whence  "  Parson  Rook"  came  to  be  a  general  ex- 
pression. T,  "  to  suit  to  a  t," — perhaps,  from  the 
T  square  of  carpenters.  Tile,  "  a  hat" — from  its 
covering-in  the  head  ?  or,  from  the  square  college 
cap?  —  also  termed  "mortar-board"  by  the  pro- 


•  In  this  Slang  Dictionary-,  I  find  "  Giglamps,  spec- 
tacles. University."  If  the  compiler  has  taken  this  epithet 
from  Verdant  Green,  I  can  only  say  that  I  consider  the 
word  not  to  be  a  "  University "  word  in  general,  but  as 
only  due  to  the  inventive  genius  of  Mr.  Bouncer  in  parti- 
cular. C.  Bede. 


fane.  Whence  the  derivation  of  Rip,  "  a  rake,  a 
libertine?"  I  remember  a  person  reading  the  letters 
R.  I.  P.  (Requiescat  in  Pace)  on  the  top  of  a  tomb- 
stone, as  one  word  ;  and  soliloquising,  "  Rip  !  well, 
he  was  an  old  rip,  and  no  mistake  ! " 

CuTHBERT  Bede. 


The  Old  French  Invasion.  —  I  do  not  know 
where  I  picked  up  the  enclosed ;  perhaps  it  is  in 
print  somewhere.  Nevertheless  it  would  not  be 
amiss  to  put  it  in  "N.  &  Q."  just  now,  would  it? 

J.  0. 
«  Said  to  be  written  by  Professor  Porson,  during  the  Alarm 
of  the  French  Invasion. 
"  Ego  nunquam  audivi  such  terrible  news 
As  at  this  present  tempus  my  senses  confuse. 
I'm  drawn  for  a  miles ;  I  must  go  cum  Marte, 
And,  comminus  ense,  engage  Buonaparte. 
"  Such  tempora  nunquam  videbant  majores, 
For  then  their  opponents  had  different  mores. 
But  we  will  soon  prove  to  the  Corsican  Vaunter 
Tliough  times  may  be  changed,  Britons  never  mutantur. 

"  Mehercle !  this  Consul  non  potest  be  quiet, 
His  word  must  be  lex  —  and  when  he  says  fiat. 
Quasi  Deus,  he  thinks  we  must  run  at  his  nod, 
But  Britons  were  ne'er  good  at  running,  by  G 

"  Per  mare,  I  rather  am  led  to  opine 
To  meet  I3ritish  naves  he  would  not  incline. 
Lest  he  should  in  mare  profuudura  be  drowned, 
Et  cum  alga,  noa  laura,  his  caput  be  crowned. 

"  But  allow  that  this  boaster  in  Britain  could  land, 
Multis  cum  aliis,  at  his  command, 
Here  are  lads  who  will  meet  —  aye — and  properly 

work  'em, 
And  speedily  send  them,  ni  fallor,  iu  Orcum. 

"  Nunc  let  us,  amici,  join  manus  et  cordis, 
And  use  well  the  vires  Dii  Boni  afford  us ; 
Then  let  nations  combine,  Britain  never  can  fall; 
She's  —  multum  in  parvo  —  a  match  for  them  all." 

Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  presumed  Relic  of. —  In  the 
house  in  which  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  is  said  to  have 
resided  at  Mitcham,  and  which  has  recently  been 
pulled  down,  was  discovered  a  well  staircase  of 
wood.  The  newel  of  this  staircase  tradition  says 
was  formed  of  the  mainmast  of  one  of  the  ships  in 
which  Raleigh  sailed  for  the  Western  Hemisphere. 
The  newel  (or  mast,  if  it  be  so,)  lies  in  Dodd's 
timber  yard  at  Mitcham,  and  may  easily  be  ex- 
amined by  those  who  are  curious  on  the  subject. 
I  merely  give  this  as  a  Note.  Rotalist. 

[A  resident  at  Mitcham  informs  us  that  this  place  was 
pulled  down  between  twenty  and  thirty  years  since, 
when  the  discovery  was  made;  and,  moreover,  that  at 
the  foot  of  this  well-staircase  was  a  box  of  nautical  in- 
struments, but  what  became  of  them  is  not  known.] 

Sermons  before  the  Battle  of  Bothwell  Bridge.  — 
I  discovered  lately,  in  looking  over  an  old  Bible 
of  the  "  breeches  "  edition,  which  has  long  been 
in  the  possession  of  ray  family,  two  marginal 
notes  in  old  and  faded  handwriting,  which  I  think 


494 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»»4  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17. '69. 


may  possess  interest  enough  to  insure  their  pre- 
servation in  the  columns  of  "N.  &  Q." 

Attached  to  Joshua,  chap.  xxii.  v.  22.*,  is  the 
following :  — 

"  Mr.  John  Welsh  his  text  22  Jun.  1679,  the  morning 
befor  Bothwell  bridg." 

The  second  note  is  attached  to  Psalm  cxlix.,  and 
is  as  follows  :  — 

"  Mr.  John  Welsh  his  lectur  22  Jun,  1G79,  att  bodwill 
bridg,  from  4"»  verse  to  ye  end." 

Both  these  passages  of  Scripture  are  highly  ap- 
propriate to  the  then  circumstances  of  the  Cove- 
nanters, as  rebels  against  their  king  for  the  sake 
of  their  religion  ;  and  they  are  admirably  adapted 
to  infuse  that  religious  fervour  and  confidence  in 
the  righteousness  of  their  cause,  so  necessary  to 
nerve  them  for  the  struggle  in  which  they  were 
about  to  engage.  Doubtless  Mr.  John  Welsh 
would  draw  most  comforting  assurances  of  vic- 
tory from  the  fact  that,  though  in  rebellion 
against  the  king,  they  were,  as  they  believed, 
fighting  the  Lord's  battles. 

Query,  was  Mr.  John  Welsh  the  original  of 
Habakkuk  Mucklewrath  in  Old  Mortality  f 

W.  D. 

Ancient  Entry. — The  following  curious  entry  is 
copied  from  the  churchwardens'  account  book  of 
Bray.     The  earliest  entry  in  the  book  is  1602. 

"  Money  laide  out  by  the  Constables,  anno  1620. 

«.        d, 

♦•  Imprms  for  mendinge  of  the  locke  house")  .. 

and  makinge  it  cleane  -        -        -         j 
Ite  laide  out  by  the  justices  prepte  for  a )    ...      .. 

whipinge  poste     -        -        -        -         j"     * 
Ite  laide  out  to  discharge  a  prepte  for  the^ 
kinge  mat'"  hownde  of  Hij  q»ters  of oate,  f_ 
viii  trusse  of  haye,  xii  trusse  of  strawe,  (      ^    "'•' 
the  SO'"  of  June  -        -        -        -        J 
Ite  layde  out  to  discharge  a  prepte  for  the^ 
princes  hownde,  the  8"»  of  Sept*"^,  1620,  >  viij    vj 
two  q»ters  of  oate         -        -        -        J 
Ite  laide  out  vpon  the  rogues  when  they"! 

weare  had  before  justices  in  bread  and  SO       xj 
drinke         -        .        ...        J 
Ite  for  havinge  the  rogues  to  the  howso  of  ^  ...; 

correction    -----         j  "U 

Ite  to  William  Markam  the tjthinge man "l 
for  goinge  w***  the  rogues  at  tliat  time  >•  ij        0 
to  Readinge         .        -        -        -        J 
Ite  for  makinge  of  a  whipinge  coate  and )    (^ 

hoode i    "       ^'"J 

Ite  for  an  elle  of  canvas  to  that  coate        -    0      vj 
The  coate  ■w«'>  was  for  him  that  did  whipp 
the  rouges  [s/c]  is  now  delivered    this 
v">  d.  of  May,  1622,  to  Thomas  Wynch 
by  Richard  Martine." 

A. 

Epitaph  of  Lieutenant  John  Western  in  Dor- 
drecht  Cathedral. — The  following  epitaph  is  re- 

•  »  The  Lord  God  of  Gods,  the  Lord  God  of  Gods,  he 
knoweth,  and  Israel  himself  shall  know,  if  by  rebellion  or 
transgression  against  the  Lord  we  have  done  it,  save  us 
not  this  day." 


corded  in  Dr.  G.  D.  T.  Schotel's  Een  Keizerlijk, 
Stadhouderlijk  en  KoninUijk  Bezoeh  in  de  O.  L. 
Vrouwe-Kerk  te  Dordrecht,  Met  Platen  en  het 
Portret  van  den  Schrijver.  (Amsterdam,  J.  C. 
Loman  Jr.,  1859),  p.  75.:  — 

"  To  TiiK  Lamented  Memory 
of 
JOHN  WESTERN,  Esq. 
Lieutenant  of  His  Britannic  Majesty's  Frigate  Syren, 
and 
As  a  Testimony  of  the  gallant  services  performed  by  Him, 
This  Monument  is  erected, 
by  order  of 
His  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  York. 
Lieutenant  Western, 
After  distinguishing  himself  by  his  Conduct  and  Intrepi- 
dity, 
With  which  he  assisted 
The  Garrison  of  Williamstadt 
(in  that  time  besieged  bj'  the  French), 
Fell  early  in  the  career  of  Glor}', 
Having  been  unfortunately  killed  by  the  Enemy, 

off  the  Moordvck, 

On  the  Twenty-first  Day  of  March,  a.d.  1793, 

In  the  Twenty-second  year  of  his  Age, 

In  the  service  of  His  Countrj', 

and  in  Defence  of  Holland. 

His  Remains 

Were  deposited  near  this  place, 

Attended  b}'  his  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of  York, 

By  the  Officers  and  Seamen  of  the  Royal  Navy, 

The  Companions  of  his 

Meritorious  exertions. 

And  by 

The  Brigade  of  His  Britannic  Majesty's  Foot  Guards 

In  Garrison  at  Dordrecht." 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 
Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

Book-stalls.  —  The  great  lawyer,  Francis  Har- 
grave,  amassed  his  extensive  and  valuable  library 
merely  by  "  picking  up"  at  book-stalls,  seldom  or 
ever  purchasing  a  volume  at  what  is  called  a 
"regular"  bookseller's.  Parliament  granted  8000Z. 
for  the  purchase  of  his  library  for  the  British 
Museum.  Charles  Butler  was  also  a  hunter  after 
book-stalls,  and  many  a  rare  book  he  has  secured 
for  a  few  shillings,  worth  as  many  pounds.  This, 
was  his  frequent  boast,  and  his  friend,  Serjeant 
Hayward,  caught  the  mania  of  him.  Some  years 
since  a  very  early  MS.  of  the  Pentateuch,  for- 
merly belonging  to  the  learned  Ludolph,  was 
picked  up  at  a  book-stall  for  a  trifling  sum.  It 
is  now  in  the  library  of  Sion  College.  I  remem- 
ber a  book-slaughterers,  as  it  was  called,  at  the 
Drury  Lane  end  of  Wych  Street,  where  the  most 
valuable  books  were  constantly  being  cut  up  for 
the  buttershops  and  other  waste  paper  marts. 
There  are  many  opera  desiderata  wanting  in  the 
British  Museum.  It  is  to  be  regretted  that  its 
management  does  not  secure  the  services  of  some 
indefatigable  bookworm,  who  knows  thoroughly 
these  preserves  of  literature,  so  that  rare  and 
curious  works  might  be  added  at  a  small  cost.  It 
would  be  money  laid  out  to  advantage. 

Abracadabra. 


2»i  S.  VIII,  Dkc.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


495 


John  Parkinson.  —  I  wish  to  get  information  re- 
lative to  tlie  family  and  descendants  of  John 
Parkinson,  the  celebrated  herbalist.  The  date  of 
his  death  is  stated  in  all  biographical  dictionaries 
as  unknown,  and  nothing  is  said  of  his  family. 
He  was,  I  believe,  a  native  of  Nottinghamshire, 
and  there  he  was  accustomed  to  retire  for  recrea- 
tion in  the  latter  years  of  his  life.  H.  F.  H. 

William  Fynmore  arrived  In  J^ngland  from  Ja- 
maica, 12  July,  1767.  What  rank  in  the  law  did 
he  hold?  and  any  other  information  will  oblige 

J.  R. 
Liiera  Regice.  —  In  Crockford's  Clerical  Direc- 
tory for  1860,  the  Bp.  of  London's  degrees  are 
stated  thus,  —  M.A.  1836,  D.C.L.  1842,  B.D.  (per 
literas  regias)  1856.  What  are  these  literas  regice? 
I  have  heard  of  degrees  by  royal  mandate  at  Cam- 
bridge, and  of  Lambeth  degrees  conferred  by  the 
Abp.  of  Canterbury.  But  there  is  no  such  thing 
that  I  am  aware  of  at  Oxford ;  and  in  the  Oxford 
Calendar  the  Bp.  of  London  is  D.C.L.  Has  the 
Sovereign  the  power  to  grant  degrees  j)er  literas 
regias^  independently  of  Universities  ?  and  if  so, 
how,  and  by  what  document  is  it  exercised  ? 
Perhaps  some  of  your  readers  can  enlighten  me 
on  this  point..  D.  C.  L. 

Earl  of  Norihesk.  —  Can  any  of  your  readers 
supply  the  epitaph  of  Rear- Admiral  the  Earl  of 
Northesk,  who  died  May  28,  1831,  which  is,  I  be- 
lieve, in  the  crypt  under  St.  Paul's  Cathedral  ? 
I  know  of  no  work  in  which  it  can  be  found  :  Sir 
Henry  Ellis's  edition  of  Dugdale's  St.  Paurs  gives 
the  epitaphs  in  the  crypt  to  the  date  of  publica- 
tion, "1818."  Perhaps  there  may  be  a  more  re- 
cent edition.  F.  G.  W. 

Historical  Narrative.  —  The  following  is  from 
2%e  Times  of  Dec.  6,  reporting  a  meeting  of  the 
Christian  Doctrine  Association,  held  on  the  Sun- 
day before  at  the  Carmelite  church,  Dublin. 

"  The  oratory  was  wound  up  by  Father  Fox,  who  gar- 
nished his  speech  with  a  telling  historical  narrative : — 

"  He  might  relate  to  them  that  on  one  occasion  an  im- 
portant city  was  besieged,  and  about  being  entered  by  a 
hostile  army.  In  the  terror  and  dismay  thus  occasioned, 
it  was  recommended  by  a  holy  man  that  the  inhabitants 
should  assemble  in  prayer,  and  that  a  slip  of  paper  should 
be  furnished  to  each,  inscribed  with  the  pious  aspiration, 
'0!  Mary,  Immaculate  Mother  of  our  God;  0!  Mary, 
conceived'  without  sin,  pray  for  us,  who  put  our  trust  in 
thee.'  This  was  done,  and  from  the  entire  multitude 
arose  that  fervent  prayer  to  the  Mother  of  God.  What 
followed.'  Lo!  in  the  silence  of  the  night  the  host  of 
their  enemies  retired  from  before  the  city,  no  one  could 
tell  how.  (Immense  cheering.)  There  was  no  fact  in 
history  better  vouched  for  or  more  fully  authenticated 
than  this.  (Cheers.)  Therefore  he  would  say  to  them, 
pray  earnestly.  Let  them  pray  to  God,  and  invoke  the 
help  of  the  glorious  Virgin  in  behalf  of  the  Vicar  of  Christ 
on  earth  —  in  behalf  of  him  whose  devotion  for  Mary  had 


been  so  nobly  signalised  in  adding  another  bright  gem  to 
her  crown  of  glorj'.  (Cheers.)  Let  them  pray  that  his 
temporal,  as  well  as  his  spiritual,  po«'er  should  be  secured 
to  him,  that  he  and  his  successors  maj'  prosperously  rule 
over  our  Holy  Church,  and  that  he  and  they  may  meet 
hereafter  to  dwell  in  an  eternity  of  bliss  for  ever."  (Load 
cheers.) 

Where  and  when  is  this  said  to  have  occurred, 
and  by  what  historian  ?  A.  A.  R. 

JEiieas  Smith,  "  ffactor  to  the  Earle  of  Moray .'» 
in  1760.     \\'ho  was  he?  Sigma^ 

Passage  in  '■'■  Claudian.^^ — In  an  old  album  of 
newspaper  cuttings  is  one  from,  I  think,  a  Nor- 
thamptonshire paper  of  1781,  entitled  The  Kentish 
Yeoman,  imitated  from  Claudian.  In  it  are  the 
following  lines  :  — 

"  Who  though  but  bred  in  Norwood's  neighbouring  town. 
Egregious  novice,  knows  no  more  of  town 
Than  what  from  thence  the  distant  view  presents 
Of  glittering  towers  and  lofty  battlements; 
From  harvests,  not  Lord  Mayors,  the  j'ear  computes, 
And  change  of  season  marks  by  change  of  fruits." 

"Lord  Mayor"  is  no  doubt  the  equivalent  of 
consul,  bat  I  have  not  been  able  to  find  the  pas- 
sage imitated  in  Claudian.  Can  any  reader  of 
"  N.  &  Q."  direct  me  to  it  there  or  elsewhere  ? 

A.  A.  R. 

Ferdinand  Smyth  Stuart.  —  The  Duke  of  Mon- 
mouth (natural  son  of  Cha.  II.)  married,  first,  the 
Duchess  of  Buccleuch  ;  and,  secondly,  Henrietta 
Maria  Wentworth,  Baroness  of  Nettlested,  and 
by  her  had  one  son,  who  was  deemed  illegitimate, 
and  was  consequently  disinherited.  But  one  Col. 
Smyth,  an  adherent  of  his  father's,  took  him  to 
Paris  and  had  him  educated,  and  subsequently  left 
him  his  property,  upon  which  he  took  the  name  of 
Smyth  in  addition  to  his  own.  In  after  life  he  took 
part  in  the  Rebellions  of  1715  and  1745,  and  at  the 
age  of  seventy-two  was  attacked  on  a  bridge  in  the 
Highlands  by  three  royalist  soldiers  in  expectation 
of  reward,  when  he  fell  over  the  parapet  and  was 
drowned,  together  with  two  of  his  assailants.  This 
Col.  Wentworth- Smyth  left  a  son  Ferdinand  (six 
years  old)  by  Eleanor,  daughter  of  Sir  Robert 
Needham,  a  great-granddaughter  of  the  Duke  of 
Monmouth.  He,  Ferdinand  Smyth-Stuart,  spent 
some  time  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh,  where 
he  studied  medicine,  but  afterwards  emigrated  to 
America,  and  settled  in  Maryland,  where  he  acted 
in  the  twofold  character  of  physician  and  planter. 

When  the  American  war  broke  out  he  became 
a  captain  in  the  AV^est  Virginian  regiment,  and 
was  taken  prisoner  and  kept  in  irons  for  eighteen 
months  in  Philadelphia.  Afterwards  he  was  cap- 
tain in  the  Loyal  American  Regiment,  and  was 
afterwards  transferred  to  what  is  now  the  42nd 
Highlanders.  He  had  landed  property  to  the  ex- 
tent of  65,000  acres,  which  he  valued  at  244,000^., 
which  he  lost,  for  which  the  British  governmentgave 
him  300Z.  a  year  as  a  compensation,  which  was  after 


4M 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


[2'»<i  S,  VIII.  Dkc.  17.  -oO- 


«  while  withdrawn.  He  was  then  reduced  to 
grisat  poverty,  and  was  glad  to  accept  the  office  of 
bdrrack-master.  After  that  he  returned  to  this 
country,  and  settled  in  Vernon  Place,  Bloomsbury 
Square.  He  was  unfortunately  knocked  down  and- 
run  over  by  a  cari-iage  at  the  corner  of  Southamp- 
ton Street,  and  killed,  December  20,  1814,  leaving 
a  widow  destitute,  two  sons,  and  a  daughter. 

Can  you  give  me  any  information  concerning 
those  sons  or  their  descendants  ?      Bkistoliensis. 

Captain  Thomas  Rudd.  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  supply  me  with  the  date  and  places  of 
death  and  burial  of  this  officei',  or  any  particulars 
of  his  services  and  history  ?  By  the  Army  List 
he  seems  to  have  been  appointed  chief  engineer 
July  4,  1627,  which  office  he  retained,  very  pro- 
bably, till  the  death  of  Charles  I.  In  1650  he 
published  a  work  called  Practical  Geometry  in 
two  parts;  and  in  1651  Euclid's  Elements  of  Oeo- 
metry  ;  in  both  of  which  he  styles  himself  "  Chief 
Engineer  to  his  late  Majesty."  M.  S.  R. 

Snuffboxes  in  Memoriam  of  Rohert  Emmett.  — 
A  friend  has  lately  shown  me  a  snuffbox,  made  of 
box-wood,  in  the  fashion  of  a  coffin,  with  a  death's 
head  and  cross-bones  inlaid  in  ivory  on  the  im- 
moveable part  of  the  lid.  He  has  informed  me, 
on  the  information  of  others,  that  the  snuffboxes 
of  which  this  is  one,  were  conceived  and  made  at 
Dublin  on  the  occasion  of  the  execution  of  Robert 
Emmett,  and  were  greedily  bought  by  the  friends 
of  that  agitator,  and  the  enemies  of  the  existing 
government. 

Is  this  information  correct?  Can  any  reader 
of  "  N^.  &  Q."  give  me  any  farther  light  upon  this 
subject  ?  H.  C.  C. 

The  Murder  of  Sir  Roger  Beler,  and  the  Laws 
of  Chivalry.  — On  the  29th  of  January,  1326,  Sir 
Roger  Beler,  of  Kirby-Belers  in  this  county,  one 
of  the  Barons  of  the  Exchequer,  was  waylaid  and 
murdered,  when  on  his  way  to  Leicester,  by  his 
neighbour  Sir  Eustace  deFolville,  between  whom 
a  deadly  feud  existed,  or  rather  on  the  part  of  the 
latter  against  the  former. 

Sir  Roger  was  killed  on  the  spot ;  but  in  the 
aflfray  Sir  Eustace  was  wounded  with  an  arrow 
by  one  of  the  Judge's  attendants,  which  caused 
his  death  shortly  afterwards. 

Alicia,  the  widow  of  De  Beler,  prosecuted  the 
appeal  of  murder ;  and  the  king  granted  a  com- 
mission of  oyer  and  terminer  for  the  trial  of  the 
offenders ;  all  the  survivors,  however,  fled  the 
country,  and  escaped  the  penalty  of  the  crime  in 
which  they  had  participated. 

The  two  deceased  knights  were  interred  in  the 
south  aisle  of  their  respective  churches  of  Kirby- 
Belers  and  Ashby-Folville,  in  which  their  tombs 
may  yet  be  seen ;  their  effigies,  in  alabaster, 
being  almost  identical  in  design.     Sir  Roger  Be- 


ler is  represented  as  clad  from  head  to  foot  in  the 
rich  and  picturesque  armour  of  the  period,  whilst 
on  his  surcoat  appears  the  outline  of  a  lion  ram- 
pant (argent),  his  heraldic  device.  He  wears  a 
jewelled  girdle,  but  neither  shield,  sword,  nor 
dagger;  whilst  above  the  tomb  are  suspended 
portions  of  his  funeral  atchievemeut,  consisting  of 
helmet  and  crest,  and  a  gauntlet  and  spur,  but  no 
offensive  weapons. 

In  like  manner  no  weapons  are  represented  on 
the  tomb  of  Sir  Eustace  de  Folville,  whilst  the 
fragments  of  his  helmet  form  the  only  part  of  his 
funeral. atchievemeut  now  remaining. 

I  seek  to  be  informed  why  both  the  knights 
should  be  represented  as  unarmed.  I  can  under- 
stand why  Sir  Eustace  de  Folville,  as  a  felon  and 
a  convicted  murderer,  should,  by  the  laws  of  chi- 
valry, be  thus  degraded  by  being  deprived  of  his 
arms ;  but  why  is  his  victim  similarly  represented, 
with  the  exception  of  the  heraldic  device  on  his 
surcoat?  William  Kelli. 

Leicester. 

"  The  Load  of  Mischief"  —  Can  any  of  your 
readers  explain  a  sign  once  in  the  city  of  Norwich, 
termed  "  The  Load  of  Mischief  ?  " 

It  represented  a  man  carrying  his  drunken  wife 
on  his  shoulders,  who  has  a  bottle  in  one  hand,  a 
glass  in  the  other,  with  a  monkey  on  her  shoulders 
and  a  magpie  on  her  head.  X.  Y. 

E.  Farrer. — Can  you  give  me  any  biographical 
particulars  regarding  E.  Farrer,  a  gentleman  of 
Oundle,  who  published  The  Trial  of  Abraham,  a 
dramatic  poem,  1790,  8vo.  ?  Was  the  author  of 
the  same  family  as  Nicholas  Ferrar  (or  Farrer), 
the  friend  of  George  Herbert  ?  R.  Inglis. 

Lopez  de  Vega.  —  Who  is  the  translator  of 
Romeo  and  Jidiet,  a  comedy  written  originally  in 
Spanish  by  that  celebrated  dramatic  poet,  Lopez 
de  Vega,  8vo.,  1770.      (London  ?)        R.  Inglis. 


Minav  ^autrtei  taitb  ^n^trS. 

"  Puppy-Pie.'' — What  is  the  origin  of  the  slang 
question  which  is  said  so  especially  to  infuriate 
bargees  on  the  Thames,  viz.,  "  Who  ate  the  puppy 
pie  under  Marlow  Bridge  ?  "  P.  J.  W. 

[A  gentleman  residing  at  Marlow,  whose  larder  was 
occasionally  robbed  bj'  the  "  bargees,"  had  a  puppy-pie 
prepared,  and  planted  as  a  trap.  The  larder  was  again 
assailed,  and  the  pie  carried  off  and  eaten  with  great  re- 
lish under  Marlow  Bridge  on  board  a  barge.  Hence  the 
galling  interrogatorj",  "  Who  ate  the  puppy-pie  under 
Marlow  Bridge?  "  At  some  parts  of  the  river  we  under- 
stand the  question  is,  "  Who  ate  the  cat  ?  "  Where  Father 
Thames  flows  by  Cookham  in  Berkshire,  the  inquiry  ad- 
dressed to  the  bargees  is  peculiar :  — "  Has  he  got  his 
shoonon?"  (Shoon  =  shoes.)  The  facts  are  these.  It 
having  been  remarked  that  the  bargees  were  "  after  "  a 
calf  grazing  in  the  churchyard,  the  calf  was  withdrawn 


2^i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


497 


after  dark,  and  a  donkey  substituted.  Sheltered  by  shades 
of  night  the  bargees  came,  and  walked  off  with  the  don- 
key, which  they  slaughtered,  and  partook  of  with  much 
satisfaction.  The  dire  repast  concluded,  not  before,  one 
of  the  party  took  up  a  foot  of  the  supposed  calf,  and  ex- 
claimed, "  He  has  got  his  shoon  on ! "  "  Who  ate  the  leg 
of  mutton?"  "  Who  stole  the  goose  ?  "  are  libellous  in- 
sinuations addressed  to  the  police..  All  this  is  English, 
and  very  English  indeed ;  but  "  Who  ate  the  donke)'  ?  '* 
is  Spanish.  When  the  French  troops  were  escaping  from 
Spain  after  the  battle  of  Vittoria,  a  party  of  stragglers 
entered  a  Spanish  village,  and  demanded  rations.  The 
villagers,  always  hostile  to  the  French,  and  now  em- 
boldened by  the  success  of  the  British  arms,  slaughtered 
a  donkey,  cut  it  up,  and  served  it  to  their  hated  foes 
(who  were  in  a  starving  state  and  very  glad  to  get  it)  as 
veal.  Next  morning  the  French,  pursuing  their  march  to 
the  frontier,  were  waylaid  by  the  villagers  in  a  ravine, 
and  many  of  them  cut  oiF;  the  Spaniards,  during  the 
murderous  assault,  shouting  perpetually,  "  Who  ate  the 
donkey?"], 

A  Harrington.  —  In  Ben  Jonson's  The  Devil  is 
an  Ass,  Act  II.  Sc.  1.,  Meercraft  says,  — 

"  Yes,  Sir,  it's  cost  to  pennj'  hal'penny  farthing, 
0'  the  back  side,  there  you  may  see  it,  read ; 
I  will  not  bate  a  Harrington  o'  the  sum." 

What  is  the  meaning  of  the  phrase  "  I  will  not 
bate  a  Harrington  ?  " 

Colman,  in  his  notes  to  the  comedy,  merely  ob- 
serves that  the  author's  contemporaries  used  the 
expression  as  he  does,  and  for  example  quotes 
from  Sir  Henry  Wotton's  Letters,  "  I  have  lost 
four  friends  and  not  gotten  the  value  of  one 
Harripgton;"  but  confesses  his  ignorance  of  the 
original  of  it,  Sandgate. 

[John  Harington,  created  in  1603  Baron  Harington  of 
Exton  in  the  county  of  Rutland,  obtained  a  patent  on 
terms  highly  discreditable  to  James  I.  for  the  issue  of 
these  pieces,  which  were  forced  into  circulation  bj'  the 
King's  proclamation,  May  19,- 1613.  Hence  the  derisive 
name  of  "  Harringtons."  These  tokens  encountered  the 
contempt  and  scorn  of  all  persons  to  Avhom  they  were 
tendered,  as  being  of  the  smallest  possible  value,  and 
were  the  objects  of  sarcastic  allusion  by  dramatists,  poets, 
and  wits.  Drunken  Barnaby  (Part  ill.  p.  83.  edit.  1820) 
mentions  this  coin,  on  his  arrival  at  the  town  of  that 
name :  — 

"  Thence  to  Harrington,  be  it  spoken, 
For  namesake  I  gave  a  token 
To  a  beggar  that  did  crave  it,"  &c. 

The  currency  of  the  tokens  issued  in  the  reign  of 
James  I.  was  by  proclamation,  May  30,  1625,  contirmed 
by  Charles  I. ;  and,  on  the  decease  of  Ann  Countess  of 
Harington,  the  patent  was  granted,  July  11,  162G,  to 
Frances  Duchess  of  Richmond,  and  to  Sir  Francis  Crane, 
Knight,  who  was  the  King's  representative.  Vide  Beau- 
foy's  London  Tradesmen's  Tokens,  p.  9.  2nd  edit.,  and 
Nares's  Glossari/,  s.  v.  ] 

The  Flower  Pot,  Bishopsgate  Street  Within.  — 
I  am  curious  to  learn  whether  this  is  an  historic 
sign,  i,  e.  whether  it  dates  from  "  the  counterfeit 
association  "  to  restore  James  II.,  for  which  Bishop 
Sprat  was  taken  up,  and  the  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough sent  to  the  Tower,  in  1692.  The  exist- 
ence  of  the  plot  is  treated  by  the  Duchess  of 


Marll?orough,  in  her  Memoirs,  with  unequivocal 
contempt,  "  Soon  after  the  Princess'  going  to 
Sion,"  she  says,  "  a  dreadful  plot  broke  out,  which 
was  said  to  be  hid  somewhere  in  a  flower-pot,  and 
my  Lord  Marlborough  was  sent  to  the  Tower." 
It  appears  that  the  signatures  to  this  paper  of  the 
duke,  the  bishop,  and  others,  were  forged  by  two 
men  of  infamous  character,  one  of  whose  emissa- 
ries found  means  to  conceal  the  paper  in  Bishop 
Sprat's  house  at  Bromley  in  Kent,  where-  It  was 
found  in  a  flower-pot  by  the  king's  messenger, 
who  thereupon  secured  the  prelate.  Now  "  the 
very  flower-pot "  was,  in  Horace  Walpole's  time, 
preserved  at  Matson,  near  Gloucester,  the  family 
seat  of  the  Selwyns,  and  the  relic  I  dare  say  is 
there  still.  But  what  I  am  anxious  to  learn  is, 
whether  "  the  Flower  Pot "  sign  at  Bishopsgate 
dates  from  this  event.  Bishopsgate  is  noted  for 
its  old  inns,  and  possibly  "  the  Flower  Pot "  may 
be  one  of  them.  John  Times. 

Sloane  Street. 

[The  Flower  Pot  was  formerly  a  s^-nibol  of  the  An- 
nunciation of  the  Blessed  Virgin,  as  stated"  b^'  the  editor 
of  Beaufoy's  London  Tradesmen's  Tokens,  pp.  1-11.,  153. 
2nd  edit.  He  says,  "A  vase  of  flowers  in  the  field,  vulgo, 
the  Flower  Pot,  is  derived  from  the  earlier  representations 
of  the  Salutation  of  the  angel  Gabriel  to  the  Virgin  Marj-, 
in  which  either  lilies  were  placed  in  his  hand,  or  they 
were  set  as  an  accessory  in  a  vase.  As  Romanism  de- 
clined, the  angel  disappeared;  and  the  lily-pot  became  a 
vase  of  flowers;  subsequently  the  Virgin  was  omitted,- 
and  there  remained  only  the  vase  of  flowers.  Since,  to 
make  things m.pre unmistakable,  twodebonnair  gentlemen, 
with  hat  in  hand,  have  superseded  the  floral  elegancies  of 
the  olden  time,  and  the  poetry  of  the  art  seems  lost."] 

David  Leivis. — Can  you  give  me  any  informa- 
tion regarding  David  Lewis,  author  of  Philip  of^ 
Macedon,  a  tragedy,  8vo.  1727  ?  The  play  is  dedi- 
cated to  Pope,  who  seems  to  have  thought  highly  • 
of  it.  There  is  in  2  vols.  8vo.  London,  1726—30, 
Miscellaneous  Poems  by  Several  Hands,  edited  by 
D.  Lewis.  R.  Ingijs. 

[The  author  of  Philip  of  Macedon,  and  the  editor  of 
3Iiscellaneous  Poems,  we  take  to  be  the  same  person,  as 
both  works  were  published  by  J.  Watts.  We  cannot  dis- 
cover any  biographical  particulars  of  David  Lewis,  who 
was  favoured  with  the  esteem  and  friendship  of  Alex,. 
Pope.  Whincop  states  that  he  was  living  in  1747.  Pro- 
bably he  is  the  individual  memorialised  in  the  following 
epitaph  on  a  flat  stone  at  Low  Ley  ton  in  Essex :  "  Sacred 
to  the  memory  of  David  Lewis,  Esq.,  who  died  the  8th 
day  of  April,  1760,  aged  seventy-seven  years :  a  great 
favourite  of  the  Muses,  as  his  many  excellent  pieces  in 
poetry  sufficiently  testify. 

'  Inspired  verse  may  on  this  marble  live. 
But  can  no  honour  to  thy  ashes  give ! ' 

lie  married  Mar)',  daughter  of  Xewdigate  Owsley,  Esq. 
a  merchant,  whose  monument  is  near  this  place  in  the 
church."] 

Anne  Cromwell:  Mary  More.  —  Can  you  give 
me  any  account  of  the  two  following  poetesses 
and  their  works?     1st.  Ann  Cromwell,  author  of 


498 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '50. 


•'  Poems,"  Harleian  MS.  -2311. ;   2ntl.  Mary  More, 
author  of  "Poems,"  Harleian  MS.  3918. 

R.  Inglis. 

[Anne  Cromwell  was  tlie  daughter  of  Richard  Cromwell, 
Esq.,  son  and  heir  of  Henry  Cromwell,  Esq.,  of  Upwood. 
She  married  her  secoiul  cousin  Henry  Cromwell,  alias 
Williams,  Knight  of  the  Royal  Oak.  Mrs.  Anne  Williams 
seems  really  to  have  been  attached  to  the  Royal  cause 
and  familj',  a  merit  her  husband  only  affected,  as  he  was 
courtier  both  to  his  cousin  Oliver  the  Protector  and 
King  Charles  II.  She  survived  her  husband,  and  resided 
at  Ramsej'  upon  a  narrow  income,  where  she  was  buried, 
.Tan.  10,  1687-8.  For  the  contents  of  her  MS.  volume  in 
the  British  Museum  consult  the  Index  to  the  Harl. 
MSS.,  also  Noble's  House  of  Cromwell,  i.  73.  250.  —  Mary 
More,  according  to  Walpole,  "was  a  lady  who  painted  for 
her  amusement,  and  was  grandmother  of  Mr.  Pitfield;  in 
the  family  are  her  and  her  husband's  portraits  by  herself. 
In  the  Bodleian  Library  is  a  picture  that  she  gave  to  it, 
which,  by  a  strange  mistalic,  is  called  Sir  Thomas  More, 
though  it  is  evidently  a  copy  of  Cromwell  Earl  of  Essex. 
Robert  Whitehall,  a  facetious  poetaster  and  Fellow  of 
Merton  College,  wrote  verses  to  her  in  1C74,  on  her  send- 
ing the  supposed  picture  of  Sir  Thomas  More." — Anec- 
dotes of  Fainting,  ii.  622.,  edit.  1849;  consult  also  Wood's 
Athena,  by  Bliss,  iv.  178.3 

Bocase  Tree.  —  In  Nortbamptonsliire,  at  one  of 

the  boundaries  of  Brigstoek  Forest,  formerly  no 

doubt  included  in  the  great  forest  of  Bockingbam, 

there  is  an  old  stone  standing,  3  ft.  9  inches  high, 

1  ft.  9  inches  wide,  called  "  Bocase  Stone."     It  is 

of  a   kind   found   in  the   neighbourhood,  called 

"Raunds,"  or  "  Stanwick  stone,"  full  of  shells. 

One  side  is  very  smooth  ;  and  on  this,  quite  at  the 

upper  part,  is  this  inscription  in  capital  letters  :  — 

«  JN  THIS  PLAES 

GREW   BOCASE 

TREE." 

.And  lower  down,  just  above  the  ground : 

"HERE  STOOD 
BOCASE 
TREE." 

The  stone  is  mentioned  in  the  histories  of  the 
county,  but  without  any  explanation  of  the  mean- 
ing. I  cannot  hear  of  any  local  tradition,  nor  do 
I  know  of  any  ancient  name  of  place  or  person 
that  might  elucidate  the  matter.  Perhaps  some 
of  your  readers  may  be  able  to  say  why  a  tree 
was  called  Bocase  ?  H.  W. 

[In  the  following  passage  there  is  an  .apparent  allu- 
sion to  the  tree  in  question :  —  "  Upon  the  Borders  of  the 
Forrest  here,  next  Brigstoek  and  Sudborough,  there  is  an 
Oak  called  King  Stephen's  Oak,  now  an  old  hollow  Tree, 
which  is  famous  ....  because,  according  to  Tradition, 
King  Stephen  shot  a  Deer  from  this  Tree." — Magna 
Britannia,  vol.  iii.  p.  478.  (Nokthamptonsh.)  It  is 
hazardous  to  attempt  explanations  and  etymologies  of 
local  terms,  without  a  due  amount  of  local  information. 
But  if  we  may  be  permitted  to  suppose  the  "  Bccase  Tree" 
to  have  been  identical  with  the  tree  from  Avhich  the  King 
.«hot  the  stag,  we  would  understand  by  it  "Buck-case 
Tree,"  the  tree  near  which  a  buck  was  deprived  of  its 
"case,"  i.  e.  skinned  or  flayed.  "Case,  to  skin  an  animal. 
Cases,  skins."  (Halliwell.)  The  skinning  the  slaugh- 
tered deer  was  a  standing  rule  of  the  chace.    "  The  Harte 


and  all  manner  of  Deare  are  fluyne."  (^Nohle  Art  of 
Venerie  or  Hunting,  p.  241.)  Hence  the  very  particular 
directions  how,  when  a  "Harte "is  killed,  "to  take  off 
his  skinne."  The  skin  of  a  wild  animal  was  frequently 
called  his  case,  and  flaying  was  called  casing.  "  The 
flaying,  striping  [stripping],  and  casing  of  all  manner 
chaces."  "  You  must  beginne  at  the  snowt  or  nose  of  the 
beast,  and  so  turne  his  skinne  ouer  his  eares  all  alongst 

the  body,  vntill  you  come  at  the  taile This  is 

called  casing."  (P.  241.)  So  Shakspeare,  "  We'll  make 
more  sport  with  the  fox,  ere  we  case  him  ;"  and  again,  in 
a  double  sense,  "  But  though  my  case  be  a  pitiful  one,  I 
hope  I  shall  not  heflay'd  out  of  it." 

Amongst  the  old  terms  corresponding  to  buck  were 
bouc,  bucca,  and  bock.  On  the  whole,  then,  we  are  dis- 
po.sed  to  regard  bocase  as  equivalent  to  bock- case,  or  buck- 
case,  and  as  appertaining  to  the  spot  where  a  buck,  having 
been  slain  by  a  royal  hand,  was  according  to  due  form 
deprived  of  his  case,  or  flaj-ed.  The  buck-case,  then, 
would  be  simply  the  buckskin,  or  buck's  skin. 

Be  it  observed,  however,  that,  according  to  the  strict 
rules  of  mediaeval  nomenclature,  which  with  respect  to  all 
matters  connected  with  hunting  were  very  precise,  the 
proper  name  of  the  hart's  and  deer's  case  was  skinne  or 
coate.  This  may  explain  why  we  find  bocase  (or  buck- 
case)  only  as  a  local  term,  though  we  have  buckeye, 
Buckstone,  buckstall  (a  net  for^catching  deer),  &c.,  all 
words  of  more  general  use.] 

A  Soldiers  Epitaph.  — 

"  Whilst  I  was  young,  in  Avars  I  shed  my  blood. 
Both  for  my  King  and  for  my  Country's  good ; 
In  elder  years  it  was  mj'  care  to  be. 
Soldier  to  Him  who  shed  his  blood  for  me." 

Can  you  tell  me  in  what  church  the  above  noble 
epitaph  is  placed  ?  I  believe  it  to  be  one  of  very 
old  date.  Centcrion. 

[This  epitaph  will  be  found  in  Waddesdon  church, 
Bucks,  and  reads  as  follows :  "  Guy  Carleton,  the  second 
son  of  Thomas  Carleton  of  Carleton  in  Cumberland,  was 
born  in  the  year  of  Christ  1514,  and  dying  the  1"  of 
June,  1608, 

Saluteth  the  Reader: 

Whilest  I  was  yong  in  warres  I  shed  my  blood 
Both  for  my  King  and  for  my  Countr}''s  good : 
In  elder  j-ears  my  care  was  chief  to  be 
Soldier  to  Him  who  shedd  his  blood  for  me. 
Now  restinge  here  in  hope  a  whj'le  I  h-e, 
Farewell,  good  reader,  never  fear  to  die." 

He  was  probabb*  father  of  George  Carleton,  succes- 
sively Bishop  of  Llandaff  and  Chichester.  Vide  Lips- 
comb's Bucks,  i.  509.] 


THE    UNBITRIED   AMBASSADORS. 

(2""  S.  viii.  377.  443.) 

When  A.  A.'s  Query  appeared,  I  decided  on 
waiting  the  chance  of  some  communication  fur- 
nishing an  answer  to  his  inquiry,  "who  they  were." 
In  default  of  which  I  had  determined  to  offer  my 
reasons  for  considering  the  story  of  the  ambassa- 
dors as  altogether  a  myth.  Dr.  Rxmbault's  Note, 
however,  has  rather  shaken  my  theory,  and  that 
is  strengthened  by  a  book  which  I  have  raked  up, 


2''<»  S.  VIII.  Dkc.  17.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


499 


called  London  in  Miniature,  without  any  author's 
name,  but  published  in  1755  by  C.  Corbett  in 
Fleet  Street,  from  which,  in  the  description  of 
Westminster  Abbey,  I  make  the  following  ex- 
tract :  — 

"  In  a  small  chapel  adjoining  to  this  is  a  noble  monu- 
ment of  brass,  on  the  side  of  which  lie  the  bodies  of  Don 
Pedro  Ronquillo,  Ambassador  from  Spain  to  King  Wil- 
liam II r.,  and  the  Count  de  Briancon,  Minister  from  the 
Duke  of  Savoy  to  Queen  Anne,  who,  having  never  paid 
the  debts  they  contracted  here,  lie  in  their  coffins,  un- 
buried." 

Here  is  apparently  a  circumstantial  answer  to 
A.  A.'s  inquiry ;  but'nevertheless  I  am  induced  to 
make  some  observations  tending  to  raise  a  doubt 
as  to  the  actual  facts  stated.  I  should  first  observe 
that  De.  Rimbault's  authority  is  from  a  book  dated 
in  1724,  in  which  the  death  of  the  Spanish  am- 
bassador is  alluded  to  as  a  recent  event,  whereas, 
if  he  died  in  the  reign  of  William  III.,  it  must  have 
occurred  at  least  twenty- two  years  previously. 
The  only  way. to  account  for  this  is  by  supposing 
the  publication  of  1724  to  be  a  new  edition  of  a 
book  originally  published  many  years  before.*  I 
have  no  knowledge  of  the  book  in  question,  and 
cannot  therefore  judge  whether  this  is  probable. 

In  the  further  observations  which  I  have  to 
make,  I  should  premise  that  the  coffins  were  not, 
as  A.  A.  states,  in  one  of  the  chapels  on  the  south- 
east side  of  the  choir,  but  in  the  small  chapel  on 
the  south-east  side  of  Henry  VII.'s  chapel,  which 
contains  the  large  brass  tomb  of  Lewis  Duke  of 
Richmond  and  Lenox.  This  tomb  so  entirely  occu- 
pies the  space  of  this  chapel  that  there  was  barely 
room  for  the  two  coffins  in  question  to  lie  on  the 
pavement  at  the  base  of  two  sides  of  the  tomb. 
They  were  both  of  very  large  size,  and  both  origi- 
nally covered  with  crimson  velvet,  but  so  much 
faded,  decayed,  and  soiled,  that  they  bore  all  the 
appearance  of  having  been  exhumed  after  many 
years  of  actual  interment. 

The  chapel  in  question  (as  well  as  the  corre- 
sponding opposite  one,  which  contains  the  tomb 
of  Villiers  Duke  of  Buckingham)  is  inaccessible 
otherwise  than  by  scaling  the  stone  screen  by 
which  it  is  enclosed,  about  four  feet  in  height,  and 
it  was  only  by  looking  over  the  screen  that  the 
coffins  could  be  seen,  as  I  have  often  done  on  my 
visits  to  the  abbey  for  a  period  of  a  quarter  of  a 
century  previous  to  the  coffins  having  been  re- 
moved, and  as  I  presume  interred,  or,  according 
to  my  notion,  re-interred,  and  which  I  believe  to 
have  been  about  the  year  1820.  On  these  occa- 
sions I  sometimes  ventured  to  ask  the  vergers 
(who  always  repeated  without  variation  the  same 
story   about   the  ambassadors)  what  were  their 

\_*  This  work  was  first  published  anonymously  in  1714, 
and  has  been  frequently  confounded  with  De  Foe's  Tour 
through  Great  Britain.  Vide  Gough's  British  Topog.  i.  39., 
ed.  1780,  and  "  N.  &  Q."  1««  S.  i.  205.  —  Ed,] 


names,  what  courts  they  represented,  and  when 
they  died  ?  But  I  was  always  put  off  with  a  slight 
bow  and  a  motion  of  the  hand,  as  much  as  to  say 
"  ask  no  questions,  but  follow  on  with  the  rest  of 
the  company." 

Now,  with  all  its  failings  and  peculiarities,  I 
have  always  considered  Dart's  Westmonasterium  as 
the  best  authority  for  all  that  relates  to  the  abbey 
up  to  the  time  of  its  publication,  of  which  it  gives 
no  actual  date,  but  in  the  title-page  it  is  stated  to 
be  "  from  a  Survey  taken  in  the  year  1723  ;  "  and 
the  work  must  have  issued  from  the  press  within 
four  years  from  that  time,  as  it  is  dedicated  to 
George  II.  when  still  Prince  of  Wales.  It  must, 
therefore,  be  nearly  cotemporary  with  the  edition 
of  Macky's  Journey  through  England  quoted  by 
Dr.  Rimbaclt.  Yet  Dart  takes  no  notice  what- 
ever of  the  coffins,  or  of  the  story  of  the  ambassa- 
dors, which,  from  the  minute  details  he  gives  of 
all  that  was  then  visible  above  ground,  and  his 
general  tendency  for  gossip,  I  think  it  scarcely 
probable  he  would  have  omitted,  if  they  were  then 
existing.  And  it  is  to  be  observed  that  at  least 
ten  years  had  then  elapsed  since  the  death  of 
Queen  Anne,  in  whose  reign  the  most  recent  of 
the  two  occurrences  is  stated  to  have  taken  place. 

Dart  gives  a  minute  account  of  all  the  inter- 
ments which  had  taken  place  in  the  vaults  of 
Henry  VII.'s  chapel  down  to  his  time,  and  it  is 
evident  from  his  accounts  that  they,  were  then 
very  much  overcrowded.  Now  if  any  one  would 
take  the  pains  to  ascertain  how  many  farther  in- 
terments took  place  therein,  between  the  year 
1723  and  till  towards  the  end  of  the  reign  of 
George  II.,  which  I  have  not  the  leisure  or  means 
of  doing,  but  which  I  have  good  reason  to  believe 
to  have  included  a  great  >  many,  I  do  not  think  it 
jyould  have  been  possible  to  make  room  for  them 
without  displacing  some  of  their  preoccupants,  and 
I  think  it  more  than  probable  that  this  may  have 
been  the  case.  Dart  mentions  several  foreigners 
who  had  been  thus  interred,  most  probably  Dutch 
noblemen  who  had  died  in  England  in  the  reign  of 
William  III.,  and  who  may  have  been  thus  ex- 
truded some  forty  or  fifty  years  afterwards,  hav- 
ing no  family  connexions  or  representatives  in 
England  to  resist  such  an  act  of  violation,  which 
may  in  fact  have  been  intended  as  only  a  tem- 
porary expedient,  but  being  deposited  for  the 
nonce  in  a  place  where  they  were  not  likely  to  be 
molested,  they  were  suffered  so  to  remain  from 
year  to  year ;  and  these  being  known  to  be  the 
coffins  of  foreigners,  of  whom  little  else  was  known, 
the  story  about  the  unpaid  debts  might  have  been 
a  matter  of  surmise,  which  by  degrees  became  an 
established  fact. 

I  am  aware  that  my  theory  is  in  itself  in  a  great 
measure  founded  on  surmise.  If  the  tradition  is 
really  founded  on  fact,  it  might,  I  should  think, 
be  set  at  rest  by  any  one  who  has  the  opportu- 


500 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '59, 


nity  of  consulting  the  archives   of  the  Foreign 
Office  or  the  State  Paper  Office. 

In  conclusion,  I  cannot  but  observe  how 
strongly  is  herein  verified  the  proverb,  "  Out  of 
sight,  out  of  mind."  A.  A.  (than  whom  I  believe 
there  is  no  one  better  qualified  to  throw  light  on 
most  subjects  connected  with  the  abbey)  seems  to 
treat  the  very  existence  of  these  coffins  as  a  mat- 
ter of  tradition :  whereas  scarcely  forty  years 
have  elapsed  since  their  disappearance,  which  was 
after  the  coronation  of  George  IV.  in  1821.  In 
setting  matters  to  rights  after  the  abbey  had  been 
fitted  up  for  that  occasion,  many  removals  and 
alterations  took  place,  some  of  them  judiciously, 
amongst  which  these  may  be  reckoned,  but  many 
of  them  very  far  otherwise.  This  might  consti- 
tute an  interesting  subject  of  inquiry  to  those 
who  are  disposed  to  take  it  up.  M.  H. 


If  one  of  the  bodies  were  that  of  Don  Pedro 
Ronquillo,  as  Dr.  Rimbault  with  great  probabi- 
lity informs  us,  it  must  have  been  that  of  the 
Spanish  ambassador  in  the  time  of  James  II., 
whose  house  was  sacked  by  the  mob  in  December, 
1688,  and  who  was  afterwards  lodged  at  St. 
James's  in  almost  regal  state.  That  he  was  very 
much  in  debt  we  have  several  authorities  cited  by 
Baron  Macaulay,  vol.  ii.  560. ;  but  if  the  body  was 
arrested  for  debt,  how  came  it  in  the  church  ? 
In  old  times  we  hear  of  corpses  being  arrested  in 
the  way  to  the  church,  but  surely  when  once 
icithin  the  consecrated  ground  they  were  privi- 
leged. Farther  on,  in  his  admirable  History  (vol. 
ii.  599.),  the  Baron  tells  us  that  Ronquillo  (who 
by  the  way  had  always  in  some  degree  opposed 
Father  Peters  and  the  ultra  party)  reported  to 
his  court  very  favourably  on  the  part  of  William. 
Is  it  possible  he  could  have  so  far  offended  the 
Papal  See  by  this  as  to  have  incurred  the  censure 
of  excommunication  ?  If  so,  his  own  people  would 
not  have  buried  him,  and  there  might  have  been 
some  difficulty  on  the  part  of  the  Church  of  England. 
Can  any  of  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  inform  us 
farther  on  this  point ;  can  they  give  any  particu- 
lars as  to  the  law  of  arrest  as  regarded  dead 
bodies  ;  and  can  they  tell  us  who  was  the  tenant 
of  the  other  coffin,  if  there  were  two,  as  my  infor- 
mant states  ?  A.  A. 


As  I  do  not  think  that  the  Query  on  this  subject 
propounded  by  A.  A.  has  as  yet  received  any 
answer,  perhaps  the  following  extract  from  The 
Letters  of  Horace  Walpole  to  Sir  Horace  Mann, 
concluding  series,  vol.  i.  p.  193.,  may  help  him:  — 

"  But  pray,  has  the  Marshal  consigned  to  you  the  reve- 
r^ues  of  the  duchy  ?  I  tell  you,  you  will  be  bankrupt ; 
you  will  lie  above  ground  in  a  velvet  coffin,  like  the 
Spanish  ambassadors  in  Westminster  Abbey!  " 

John  Pavin  Phillips, 

Haverfordwest. 


EIKON    BASILIKE. 

(2''«  S.  vili.  356.  444.) 

In  "  N.  &  Q.,"  P'  S.  yi.  361.,  I  described  a  very 
choice  copy  of  this  book  in  the  original  morocco 
binding,  and  with  the  rojal  arms  on  the  sides  (in- 
advertently stated  to  be  those  of  the  Stuarts  before, 
instead  of  after  the  Union),  and  containing  some 
very  curious  MS.  chronosticha  and  verses. 

This  is,  no  doubt,  as  well  as  B.  H.  C.'s  copy,  of 
the  first  edition.  The  pagination  of  my  copy, 
however,  is  so  excessively  irregular  that  I  think  it 
better  to  give  an  account  of  it,  with  a  view  of 
affording  a  means  of  comparison  with  other  copies. 

The  title  is  exactly  as  B.  H.  C.  gives  it,  except 
that  the  text  in  the  Romans  is  denoted  by  an  8  in- 
stead of  viii.  Then  follow  four  pages  of  Contents,  six 
of  a  Relation  of  the  King's  Speech  to  his  Children, 
one  of  an  Epitaph  upon  King  Charles,  signed  I.  H. 
(Qu.  Jos.  Huit?)  Then  Marshall's  folding  plate, 
but  no  Errata,  as  described  in  the  editor's  com- 
munication. The  pagination  goes  ou  regularly  up 
to  p.  129,  save  that  p.  9  lias  no  numeral  at  all ;  79 
is  put  for  76,  and  72  and  73  are  transposed.  In- 
stead of  130,  134  follows  129,  then  135  for  131, 
133  for  132,  12  for  133,  131  and  132  for  134 
and  135;  then  136  follows,  and  all  is  correct  up 
to  p.  150,  for  which  110  is  substituted,  and  111 
for  151,  114  and  145  are  put  for  154  and  155, 
and  so  on  up  to  148,  which  stands  for  158, 
Then  19  does  duty  for  159,  150  for  160,  and 
so  on  ten  less  till  we  come  to  173,  for  which 
137  stands  ;  then  all  regular,  on  the  same  plan,  up 
to  208  (except  that  200  is  misprinted  for  203,  and 
p.  209  has  no  pagination).  Suddenly,  for  p.  210, 
we  find  108,  and  this  continues,  with  the  exception 
of  14  for  149,  till  we  come  to  p.  154,  after  which 
follows  p.  255,  which  brings  the  pagination  toler- 
ably, but  not  quite  correct.  Only  one  other 
misprint  occurs,  239  for  293,  The  Eikon  con- 
cludes with  p.  302,  but  four  unpaged  leaves  are 
bound  up  with  the  book,  containing  "  A  Perfect 
Copie  of  Prayers  used  by  His  Majestic  in  the  Time 
of  His  Sufferings,"  delivered  to  Bishop  Juxon 
immediately  before  his  death,  and  a  "  Copie  of  a 
Letter  which  was  sent  from  the  Prince  to  the 
King,"  dated  from  the  Hague,  January  23.  1648. 
Although  the  pagination  is  thus  irregular,  the 
catchwords  show  that  no  leaf  is  missing  or  mis- 
placed, and  I  should  like  to  know  if  copies  are  to 
be  found  in  other  libraries  with  the  same  pecu- 
liarities, and  whether  these  probably  denote  the 
first  hastily  thrown  off  impressions.  I  should  add 
that  what  is  technically  called  the  "  register "  of 
the  volume  is  particularly  bad. 

Allow  me  to  ventilate  a  second  time  the  sug- 
gestion that  these  copies  bearing  the  royal  arms, 
of  which  several  have  occurred,  might  have  been 
presented  by  Charles  II.  to  the  old  Cavalier  ad- 
herents of  his  father.      Certainly,  the  custom  of 


^-•1  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


501 


impressing  arms  and  heraldic  insignia  on  book 
covers  was  prevalent  at  the  time.  I  have  a  4to. 
Prayer-book  of  1620,  said  to  have  been  King 
Charles  the  First's  own  when  Prince  of  Wales, 
bearing  on  its  black  and  worm-eaten  covers  the 
"Oestreich"  feathers, 'and  the  initials  C.  P.,  but 
there  is  here  a  direct  probability  of  a  royal  con- 
nection. The  constant  recurrence  of  the  arms  on 
copies  of  the  Eikon  necessitates  another  supposi- 
tion, E.  S.  Taylor. 


PRISONER  S  ARRAIGNMENT  :     HOLDING   UP    THE 
HAND. 

(2°*S.viii.  414.) 

When  an  oath  is  taken  by  a  witness  in  a  French 
court  of  justice,  the  President  tells  him  to  hold  tip 
his  hand,  and  to  speak  the  truth.  "  Quand  on  fait 
serment  devant  le  Juge,  il  faut  lever  la  main." 
Hence  "  holding  up  the  hand "  is  considered 
equivalent  to  "  swearing."  "  En  ce  sens,  on  dit, 
j'en  leverois  la  main,  pour  dire,  j'en  ferais  ser- 
ment."    (Alberti.) 

This  practice  may  possibly  be,  in  part,  the 
origin  of  the  prisoner's  holding  up  his  hand, 
when  pleading  guilty  or  not  guilty.  But  the 
custom  goes  much  farther  back.  In  the  early 
jurisprudence  of  Germany,  the  original  rule  was 
that  the  hand,  in  swearing,  touched  some  sacred 
object,  generally  relics  after  the  introduction  of 
Christianity.  Swearing  in  criminal  cases  (in 
peinliches  Gericht)  was,  a.  with  the  mouth  (mit 
mund),  /3.  with  the  hand  (mit  hand).  The  right 
hand  was  laid  upon  the  sacred  object,  whatever 
it  might  be.  "  Der  rechten  wurde  der  heilige 
gegenstand  angeriihrt."  (Grimm,  D.  R.  Altert. 
1828,  p.  903.)  But  mark  the  progressive  change. 
Instead  of  the  whole  hand,  in  time  it  became  the 
practice  to  touch  the  sacred  object  with  two 
fingers  only  ;  and  this,  again,  passed  to  simply 
lifting  them  up.  Accordingly,  Grimm  asks  the 
question,  "  May  we  not  infer  that  they  were  not 
always  laid  upon  [the  sacred  object],  but  only 
held  up  ?  "  And  he  adds,  "  as,  at  this  day,  the 
use  of  relics  having  passed  into  desuetude,  it  is 
the  practice  to  sivear."  That  is,  in  swearing,  the 
lifting  up  of  the  hand  or  fingers  continued,  though 
the  use  of  relics  was  dropped. 

There  is  another  mediasval  custom  which  throws 
light  upon  the  practice  of  pleading  to  an  indict- 
ment by  holding  up  the  hand.  A  person  who 
became  surety  was  called  manulevator.  To  be 
bound  as  surety  is  manulevare.  These  terms  of 
mediaeval  Latin  reappeared,  in  old  Italian,  as 
mallevadore,  mallevare.  The  explanation  is  that 
parties,  in  becoming  surety,  used  to  lift  up  the 
hand.  "  Mallevare.  Spondere.  Quegli  cli'  en- 
travan  mallevadori,  alzavan  la  mano  in  segno  di 
promessa."    (Menage.) 

Would  we  go  back  to  the  common  origin  of 


these  various  practices,  we  must  turn  to  the  pages 
of  the  Old  Testament,  where  we  shall  find  that 
lifting  up  the  hand  is  the  oldest  form  of  an  oath 
recorded  in  the  Bible.  {Gen.  xiv.  22.  Cf.  Deut. 
xxxii.  40.,  Ezek.  xx.  5,  6,  and  marg.  renderings 
of  Ex.  vi.  8.  and  Num.  xiv.  30.) 

It  does  not,  however,  exactly  follow  that,  when 
a  prisoner  in  a  criminal  court  with  uplifted  hand 
pleads  guilty  or  not  guilty,  he  is  put  upon  his  oath. 
Were  that  so,  it  would  be  a  very  wrong  thing ; 
especiall}'  as  the  plea  of  not  guilty  is  sometimes 
technical.  The  uplifted  hand  would  seem  rather 
to  be  simply  a  recognition  of  the  fact  that  he  was 
there  to  be  tried  and  to  stand  the  issue ;  in  short 
that,  identifying  himself  as  defendant,  he  was  his 
own  mallevadore,  responsible  if  convicted,  and  to 
be  dealt  with  in  due  course  of  law.  There  is  a 
great  deal  more  that  might  be  cited  upon  the 
present  subject.  Thomas  Bots. 

The  practice  of  a  prisoner  on  arraignment  hold- 
ing up  his  right  hand  arose  thus  :  a  prisoner  found 
guilty  of  a  felony,  on  pleading  his  clergy,  was 
branded  on  the  brawn  of  the  right  thumb,  and 
discharged.  Benefit  of  clergy  could  not  be  claimed 
more  than  once  ;  a  prisoner,  therefore,  on  arraign- 
ment was  made  to  hold  up  his  right  hand,  that 
the  court  might  judge  whether  he  had  been 
branded  previously.  J.  C.  M. 


HENRT    SMITH  S    SERMONa. 

(2"*  S.  viii.  254.  330.) 

I  am  possessed  of  a  copy  of  Henry  Smith's  Ser- 
mons, of  which  I  subjoin  a  description. 

A  volume  without  title-page,  the  first  part  of 
which  contains  632  pages,  and  the  second  a  fresh 
pagination  of  176  pages. 

«  The  Life  of  Mr.  Henry  Smith,"  by  Thomas  Fuller. 
An  Address  "  to  the  Reader,"  signed  "  H.  S." 
"  The  Epistle  to  the  Treatise  of  the  Lord's  Supper." 
The  Contents. 

Then  the  Sermons,  &c.,  in  the  following  order : — 
"  A  Preparative  to  Marriage,  pp.  1 — 32. 
A  Treatise  of  the  Lord's  Supper,  in  Two  Sermons,  pp. 
33—71." 

Then  comes  a  title-page  :  — 

"  The  Examination  of  Usurj',  in  Two  Sermons,  by 
Henry  Smith.  London :  Printed  by  A.  Maxwell,  for 
Edward  Brewster,  at  the  Crane  in  St.  Paul's  Churchyard, 
and  John  Wright  in  Little  Britain,  1673." 

There  is  an  Address  to  the  Reader  before  the  two 
Sermons,  signed  "  H.  S.,"  pp.  77—96.  Then  fol- 
lows "The  Christian's  Sacrifice,"  with  an  Address 
"  to  my  late  auditors,  the  congregation  of  Cle- 
ment Danes  all  the  good-will  which  I  can  wish," 
pp.  97—109. 

«  The  True  Trial  of  the  Spirits,  pp.  111—124. 
The  Wedding  Garment,  pp.  125 — 1S4. 


502 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»a  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '59. 


The  Way  to  Walk  in,  pp.  13.5—140. 

The  Pride  of  Nebuchadnezzar  (with  a  short  Address, 

stating  that  former  copies  had  been  imperfect),  pp. 

141—151. 
The  Fall  of  King  Nebuchadnezzar,  pp.  152 — 161, 
The  Restitution  of  Nebuchadnezzar,  pp.  162 — 172. 
A  Dissuasion  from  Pride,  and  an  Exhortation  to  Hu- 
mility, pp.  173— 1§3. 
The  Young  Man's  Task,  pp.  184—195. 
The  Trial  of  the  Righteous,  pp.  196—209. 
The  Christian's  Practice,  pp.  210—216. 
.    The  Pilgrim's  Wish,  pp.  217—228. 
The  Godly  Man's  Request,  pp.  229—242. 
A  Glass  for  Drunkards,  pp.  243—254. 
The  Art  of  Hearing,  in  Two  Sermons,  with  an  Address, 

pp.  255 — 275. 
.    The  Heavenly  Thrift,  pp.  276—289. 
^,  The  Magistrates'  Scripture,  pp.  290—302. 

.The  Trial  of  Vanity,  pp.  803—316. 
"'The  Ladder  of  Peace,  pp.  317—330. 
The  Betraying  of  Christ,  pp.  331—340. 
The  Petition  of  Moses  to  God,  pp.  341—348. 
The  Dialogue  between  Paul  and  King  Agrippa,  pp. 

349—364. 
The  Humility  of  Paul,  pp.  365—374. 
A  Looking-glass  for  Christians,  pp.  375 — 386. 
Food  for  New-born  Babes,  pp.  387 — 400. 
The  Banquet  of  Job's  Children,  pp.  401—410. 
Satan's  Compassing  the  Earth,  pp.  411 — 420. 
A  Caveat  for  Christians,  pp.  421 — 427. 
The  Poor  Man's  Tears,  pp.  428—439. 
An  Alarm  from  Heaven  summoning  all  Men  unto  the 

Hearing  of  the  Truth,  pp.  440—448. 
A  Memento  for  Magistrates,  pp.  449 — 456. 
Jacob's  Ladder,  or  the  Way  to  Heaven,  pp.  457 — 473. 
The  Lawyer's  Question,  pp.  474 — 482. 
The  Lawver's  Answer  to  the  Lawyer's  Question,  pp. 

483—495. 
The  Censure  of  Christ  upon  the  Lawyer's  Answer,  pp. 

496—501. 

Three  Prayers : 

'  One  for  the  morning,  another  for  the  evening,  the 
third  for  a  sick  man ;  whereunto  is  annexed  a 
Godly  letter  to  a  sick  friend,  and  a  comfortable 
speech  of  a  preacher  upon  his  death-bed.' " 

Then  follows  a  fresh  title-page  :  — 

"  Eight  Sermons  by  Henry  Smith,  viz. : 

1.  The  Sinner's  Conversion.  2.  The  Sinner's  Con- 
fession. 3, 4.  Two  Sermons  on  the  Song  of  Simeon. 
5.  The  Calling  of  Jonah.  6.  The  Rebellion  of 
Jonah.    7,  8.  Of  Jonah's  Punishment.    Prov.  28. 

13 London :  Printed  in  the  year  1674.'  " 

(pp.  511—626.) 

Then  follow  "  Godly  Prayers  for  the  Morning 
and  Evening." 

Then  another  title-page,  and  three  Sermons, 
with  fresh  pagination,  viz.:  1.  "The  Benefit  of 
Contentation."  2.  "  The  Affinity  of  the  Faithful." 
3.  "The  Lost  Sheep  is  Found:"  followed  by 
"  Questions  gathered  out  of  his  own  Confession, 
by  Henry  Smith,  which  are  yet  unanswered," 
(pp.  1-44.) 

Next  comes  "  God's  Arrow  against  Atheists," 
with  another  title-page  (pp.  45 — 122.) 

Lastly,  with  another  title-page :  — 

"  Four  Sermons  preached  by  Mr.  Henry  Smith : 
1.  The  Trumpet  of  the  SouL 


2.  The  Sinful  Man's  Search, 

3.  Marie's  Choice. 

4.  Noah's  Drunkenness." 
Two  zealous  Prayers. 

These  conclude  the  volume,  which  is  a  small 
4to.  ,        Henry  P.  Smith. 

East  Sheen,  Surrey. 


At  least  three  editions  of  Henry  Smith's  Ser- 
mons, &c.,  have  already  been  mentioned  in  your 


1.  That  of  1590, 1591,  1594,  if  these  publica- 
tions are  to  be  counted  as  one  edition. 

2.  The  later  one  of  1675. 

3.  That  of  which  Mr.  Bingham  has  a  copy.  I 
presume  of  1624,  1625,  as  it  agrees  with  an  im- 
perfect copy  in  my  possession. 

I  have  also  one  of  1632,  imperfect,  but  in  fair 
condition. 

These  more  recent  editions  are  not,  I  believe, 
very  rare.  Edwd.  H.  Knowles. 

St.  Bees. 


The  best  edition  of  Henry  Smith's  Sermons  Is 
that  of  1675.  It  is  more  complete  than  the  former 
editions,  and  no  other  has  appenred  since.  It  con- 
tains a  Life  of  the  author  by  Thomas  Fuller.  A 
complete  list  of  the  contents  of  this  volume  will 
be  found  in  the  Cyclopedia  Bibliographica,  Au- 
thors. D. 


Son  of  Pascal  Paoli  (2"'»  S.  viii.  399.)  —  The 
suicide  to  which  A.  A.'s  informant  referred  was 
probably  that  of  the  unfortunate  Colonel  Fred- 
erick, son  of  Theodore  King  of  Corsica,  who  died 
the  nth  Dec.  1756.  The  unhappy  end  of  Col. 
Frederick  is  thus  described  by  Dr.  Doran,  in  his 
Monarchs  retired  from  Business  :  — 

"Nearly  forty  years  after  King  Theodore  was  con- 
signed to  the  grave  in  St.  Anne's,  an  old  man,  one  night 
in  February,  1796,  walked  from  a  coffee-house  at  Storey's 
Gate  to  Westminster  Abbe3^  Under  one  of  the  porches 
there  he  put  a  pistol  to  his  head,  pulled  the  trigger,  and 
fell  dead.  The  old  man  was  the  son  of  Theodore,  Colonel 
Frederick.  The  latter  had  been  manj'  years  familiar  to 
the  inhabitants  of  London,  and  remarkable  for  his  gen- 
tlemanlike bearing  and  his  striking  eccentricities.  He 
had  fulfilled  many  employments,  and  had  witnessed  many 
strange  incidents.  Not  the  least  strange,  perhaps,  was 
his  once  dining  at  Dolly's,  with  Count  Poniatowski, 
when  neither  the  son  of  the  late  King  of  Corsica,  nor  he 
who  was  the  future  King  of  Poland,  had  enough  between 
them  to  discharge  their  reckoning.  Distress  drove  him  to 
suicide,  and  his  remains  rest  by  the  side  of  those  of  his 
father." 

J.  A.  Pn. 

ThQ  unhappy  suicide  alluded  to  by  A.  A.  was 
not  the  son  of  Pascal  Paoli ;  but  Colonel  Fre- 
derick, the  reputed  son  of  Theodore,  King  of 
Corsica,  who  shot  himself  in  the  west  porch  of 


2°'i  S.  VIII.  Deo.  17.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


503 


Westminster  Abbey,  Feb.  1,  1797.  See  an  ac- 
count of  the  event  in  the  Gentleman's  Magazine 
for  1797,  p.- 172.  J.B.N. 

Portrait  of  a  True  Gentleman  (2°"*  S.  viii.  397.) 
— This  is,  with  certain  variations,  a  paragraph 
from  The  Gentile  Sinner;  or,  England's  Brave 
Gentleman,  Sfc,  by  Clem.  Ellis,  M.A.,  Fellow  of 
Qu.  Coll.  Oxon.  Oxford,  1664.  (Third  edition.) 
The  correct  reading  is  (p.  178.)  — 

"  The  true  gentleman  is  one  that  is  God's  servant,  the 
world's  master,  and  his  own  man.  His  virtue  is  his 
business,  his  study  his  recreation,  contentedness  his  rest, 
and  happiness  his  reward.  God  is  his  Father,  the  church 
is  his  mother,  the  saints  his  brethren,  all  that  need  him  his 
friends,  and  heaven  his  inheritance.  Religion  is  his  mis- 
tress, loyalty  and  justice  her  ladies  of  honour,  devotion  is 
hischaplain,  chastity  his  chamberlain,  sobriety  his  brother, 
temperance  his  cook,  hospitality  his  housekeeper,  provi- 
dence his  steward,  charity  his  treasurer,  piety  his  mistress 
of  the  house,  and  discretion  the  porter,  to  let  in  and  out  as 
is  most  fit.  Thus  is  his  whole  family  made  up  of  virtues, 
and  he  the  true  master  of  his  family.  He  is  necessitated 
to  take  the  world  in  his  way  to  heaven,  but  he  walks 
through  it  as  fast  as  he  can ;  and  all  his  business  by  the 
way  is  to  make  himself  and  others  happy.  Take  him  all 
in  two  words,  he  is  a  man  and  a  Christian." 

J.  G.  Morten. 

Cheam. 

Francis  Mence  (2°*  S.  viii.  470.) — A  pious 
Nonconformist,  born  at  Hambleton,  near  Worces- 
ter, educated  at  Pembroke  College,  Oxford. 
After  the  Restoration,  became  minister  of  a  con- 
gregation in  Wapping,  London,  Died  about  1696, 
a3t.  fifty-seven.  (Darling's  Encyclop.  Bihlio- 
graph.') 

A  government  Minute  Book  in  MS.,*containing 
names,  residences,  and  movements  of  Nonconfor- 
mists, written  about  a.d.  1663-66,  being  apparently 
the  information  of  some  spy,  has  the  following 
entry  :  — 

"  MiNZE,  a  layman  and  elder  to  Sam'  Bradley's  church, 
who  broke  from  him  by  reason  of  Strainge,  and  meets 
with  Glide  at  ReadrifFe  '[Ratcliffe']  and  Horsley  Downe." 

Perhaps  these  two  individuals  may  be  identical. 

Cl.  Hopper. 

The  Electric  Telegraph  foreshadowed  (2°*  S.  iv. 
266.  318.  392.  461.; "v.  356.;  cf.vi.  265.359.422.) 
—  In  support  of  this  opinion,  a  writer  in  the  Na- 
vorscher  (viii.  156.)  cites  a  Dutch  translation  of 
the  DelicicR  Physico-MathematiccB,  {he  fifth  edition, 
from  the  French,  in  1672.  It  is  called  Mathema- 
tische  Vermaechlycheden,getranslateerd  uyt  Frangoys 
in  Nederduytsche  Tale,  en  verryht,  vermeerderd 
enz.,  door  Wynant  van  Westen,  Matjiem.  der 
Stadt  Nymegen,  Arnhem,  small  8vo.  The  extract, 
copied  by  Mr.  N.  S.  Hbineken  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
(iv.  461.),  is  to  be  found  in  the  Vermaecklycheden, 
vol.  i.  p.  123. 

It  is  remarkable  that,  whilst  feeling  the  impos- 
sibility of  a  correspondence  by  means  of  uncon- 
nected dials,  provided  with  magnets,  the  inventor 


yet  cannot  forego  the  pleasure  of  giving  his  per- 
spective view  of  the  nineteenth-century-magnetic- 
telegraph. 

The  Algemeene  Konst-en  Letterhode  for  1859 
(vol.  Ixxi.  p.  285.),  points  to  an  invention  by 
Johannes  Hercules  de  Sonde,  which  is  found  re- 
corded in  a  work  of  Johannes  Fredericus  Hel- 
vetius,  D.M.,  bearing  the  title  of  Theatridium 
Hercidis  Triumphantis,  ofte  Klein  Schouwtooned 
van  den  Triumpherenden  Hercxdes,  It  contains 
the  description  of  a  dial-telegraph,  constructed 
after  the  principles  of  electro- statien. 

A  somewhat  similar  plan  to  the  sympathetic 
needles  some  years  ago  went  the  round  of  the 
newspapers  in  the  form  o?  sympathetic  snails — the 
animal,  proverbial  for  slowness,  being  thus  repre- 
sented as  the  means  for  a  correspondence  almost 
as  quick  as  thought.  With  whom  originated  this 
hoax  ?  or  was  it  really  believed  to  be  the  truth  ? 

J.  H.  VAN  Lennep. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

Epigram  to  a  Female  Cupbearer  (2°"^  S.  viii. 
292.)  —  OxoNiENSis  will  find  this  fine  Epigram 
along  with  some  other  small  poems  in  a  quarto 
volume  of  translations  from  the  Arabic  published 
by  a  learned  orientalist,  Joseph  Dacre  Carlyle,  of 
the  University  of  Cambridge.  The  volume,  which 
I  have  not  seen  for  many  years,  was  I  think  en- 
titled Specimens  of  Arabic  Poetry,  and  published 
at  Cambridge  about  1796. 

Oxoniensis  may  admire  the  following  poem, 
imitated  from  the  Arabic  by  Shelley  :  — 

"  My  faint  spirit  was  sitting  in  the  light 

t)f  thy  looks,  my  love ; 
It  panted  for  thee  like  the  hind  at  noon 

For  the  brooks,  my  love. 
Thy  barb  whose  hoofs  outspeed  the  tempest's  flight 

Bore  thee  far  from  me ; 
My  heart,  for  my  weak  feet  were  weary  soon. 

Did  compassion  thee. 

"  Ah !  fleeter  far  than  fleetest  storm  or  steed, 

Or  the  death  they  bear. 
The  heart  which  tender  thought  clothes  like  a  dove 
.  With  the  wings  of  care ; 
In  the  battle,  in  the  darkness,  in  the  need. 

Shall  mine  cling  to  thee. 
Nor  claim  one  ^mile  for  all  the  comfort,  love. 

It  may  bring  to  thee." 

Sir  William  Jones  translates  in  French  several 
poems  of  the  Persian  Anacreon,  Hafiz ;  and 
D'Herbelot's  Oriental  Dictionary  is  an  inexhaust- 
ible mine  of  romance  and  wildness. 

KiRKW ALLEN  SIS. 

These  lines  I  have  seen  quoted  as  from  Car- 
lisle's Specimens  of  Arabian  Poetry.    W.  H.  Husk. 

Peel  Towers  (2°*  S.  viii.  378.)— The  word  which 
E.  A.  B.  writes  Peel  should  be  spelt  Peal,  and 
you  have  the  meaning  at  once.  In  some  parts  of 
the  Borders,  which,  in  bye-gone  days,  were  liable 
to  hostile  incursions  from  English  or   Scottish 


'504 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


C2«'-i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '6P. 


enemies,  or  from  lawless  freebooters,  high  towers 
were  erected,  in  which  watchmen  were  stationed 
to  give  notice  of  an  enemy's  approach ;  and  on 
these  occasions  the  large  bell  or  bells  suspended 
in  the  tower  pealed  forth  their  notes  of  alarm  to 
the  inhabitants  of  the  district,  and  enabled  them 
to  prepare  for  their  unwelcome  visitors.  The  re- 
mains of  one  of  these  interesting  towers  still 
stands  near  my  native  town,  Berwick-on-Tweed, 
and  the  last  time  I  saw  it,  four  or  five  years  ago, 
its  walls  were  in  a  pretty  good  state  of  preser- 
vation. Its  walls  are  about  twenty  feet  high,  but 
being  built  on  an  eminence  outside  of  the  ram- 
parts of  the  town,  it  commands  a  good  view  of  the 
surrounding  country.  It  is  there  called  the  Bell 
Tower,  but  in  other  of  the  Border  districts  the 
name  may  have  been  changed  to  Peal. 

Henry  Melrose. 
Guardian  Office,  Brighton. 

The  word  Peel,  variously  written  Pile,  Pille, 
Piil,  Pele,  Peyll,  Peill,  Paile,  is  derived  from  the 
Ancient  Brit,  and  Gaul,  pill,  a  stronghold,  for- 
tress, secure  place.  There  is  the  Pile  of  Foudray 
in  Furness,  Peel  Castle,  Isle  of  Man ;  Pill,  in 
Devon,  &c.  R.  S.  Charnock. 

In  the  Glossary  at  the  end  of  vol.  v.  of  the 
Waverley  Novels,  published  by  Robert  Cadell, 
Edinburgh,  1847,  I  find  :  — 

"  Peel,  a  place  of  strength,  or  fortification,  in  general. 
In  particular  it  signifies  a  stronghold,  the  defences  of 
which  are  of  earth  mixed  with  timber,  strengthened  with 
palisades. 

"  Peel,  Peel-house,  in  the  Border  Counties,  is  a  small 
square  tower,  built  of  stone  and  lime." 

S.L. 

Ringing  Bells  hachcards :  the  Tocsin  (2"'"  S. 
viii.  18.)  —  It  has  always  been  a  puzzle  to  under- 
stand what  there  could  be  so  terrible  about  ring- 
ing bells  the  contrary  way  to  that  which  is  usual. 
In  general  they  are  rung  commencing  with  the 
highest  note,  and  going  downwards.  If  your 
readers  will  open  a  pianoforte,  and  run  down  an 
octave,  c,  b,  a,  g,  f,  &c.,  and  afterwards  do  the 
same  the  contrary  way,  c,  d,  e,  f,  &c.,  they  will 
find  nothing  inharmonious  nor  terrible  in  it.  Per- 
haps some  light  might  be  thrown  on  the  expres- 
sion if  some  of  your  readers  could  inform  us  as  to 
the  manner  in  which  the  tocsin,  that  dreadful 
signal  of  tumult  and  slaughter,  was  rung  in 
France  ?     Was  it  on  one  or  more  bells  ?       A.  A. 

Poets'  Corner. 

Jest  Books  (2'^'^  S.  vi.  333.;  yii.  95,)— It  is  a 
striking  instance  of  the  differences  of  the  opinions 
men  may  form  concerning  books,  that  whilst  your 
correspondent  G.  N.  places  Scotch  Preslyterian 
Eloquence  Displayed  among  Jest  Books,  the  com- 
piler of  the  "  Supplement  to  the  Catalogue  of 
the  Library  of  the  Newcastle-on-Tyne  Literary 
and  Philosophical  Society,"  places  the  work  at 


the  head  of  "Class  1.  Theology!"  of  a  dona- 
tion of  bonks  presented  by  the  family  of  a 
quondam  alderman  of  that  borouffh.  The  entry 
is  as  follows,  p.  184.:  "Curate's  (Jacob)*  Scotch 
Presbyterian  Eloquence  Displayed,  or  the  Folly 
of  their  Teaching  discover'd,  8vo.  1789  ;"  with  no 
hint  that  poor  Jacob  is  other  than  a  real  person- 
age. Y.  B.  N.  J. 

Bishop  Sprafs  Betort  (2°''  S.  vii.  373.)  —  Your 
correspondents  would  save  your  readers  infinite 
trouble  if  they  would  be  a  little  more  precise  in  their 
references.  Mr.  Trench  quotes  simply  "Note  to 
Burnet's  History."  I  have  searched  the  six  vols., 
Oxford  edition  (1823)  of  Burnet's  History  of  his 
own  Time,  and  the  index  thereto  attached  fails  to 
help  me  to  any  such  note.  From  what  edition 
does  Mr.  Trench  cite  it  ?  I  should  have  been 
content  to  enjoy  the  story  without  inquiry,  had 
not  the  jpke  been  so  manifestly  the  same  as  that 
in  Goldsmith's  Epigram  :  — 

"  John  Trot  was  desired  by  two  witty  Peers 
To  tell  them  the  reason  why  asses  had  ears. 
'  An't  please  you,'  quoth  John, '  I'm  not  given  to  let- 
ters, 
Nor  dare  I  pretend  to  know  more  than  my  betters ; 
Howe'er,  from  this  time,  I  shall  ne'er  see  your  graces. 
As  I  hope  to  be  saved,  without  thinking  on  asses ! '  " 

H.  L.  Temple. 
Ploughs  (2"^  S.  viii.  431.) — In  Dorsetshire  a 
waggon  itself,  or  a  waggon  and  team  of  horses, 
are  still  generally  called  &  plough.  Mr.  Barnes,  in 
the  Glossary  appended  to  his  beautiful  "  Poems  in 
the  Dorset  Dialect"  (which,  by  the  way,  I  rejoice 
to  see,  are  beginning  to  attain  some  of  the  reputa- 
tion they  deserve),  says :  — 

"  A  waggon  is  mostly  called  a  plough  or  plow  in  the  vale 
of  Blackraore,  where  the  English  plough,  aratrum,  is  a 
zull,  the  Anglo-Saxon  syl." 

And  he  adds  the  following  illustration :  — 

"  These  are  in  his  M*""  name  to  require  you  forthwith, 
on  sight  hereof,  to  press  men  and  plowes." — Colonel  Kirk's 
order  to  the  parish  of  Chedzoy  in  the  Monmouth  rebel- 
lion. 

Halliwell  gives  this  explanation  :  — 

"  1.  Used  for  oxen  kept  to  draw  the  plough,  not  for 
horses  ;  2.  A  wheel-carriage  drawn  by  oxen  and  horses." 

I  know  not  whence  he  obtained  his  first  mean- 
ing ;  but  it  is  strongly  corroborated  by  a  letter 
from  an  ancestor  of  my  own,  dated  1661,  and  pub- 
lished in  the  Right  Hon.  G.  Bankes's  Story  of 
Corfe  Castle,  p.  259. :  — 

"...  had  not  the  horse-plague  swept  away  my  horses 
I  would  have  sent  these  to  you;  beside  j*' disease  have 
carried  away  most  plowes  hereabouts,  by  which  plowes  or 
horses  were  never  in  my  days  soe  hard  to  be  got  as  now." 

C.  W.  Bingham. 

Witchcraft  in  Churning,  SfC.  (2"^  S.  viii.  67.) — 
The  et  cetera  enables  me  to  notice  some  supersti- 

[  *  Pseud,  Robert  Calder  ?  —  Ed.  ] 


2»<«  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17,  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


505 


tions  in  Ireland  while  churning,  which  I  believe 
are  still  cherished  in  the  West  and  South. 

In  the  county  of  Galway  they  will  not  allow 
anything  to  be  given  or  lent  out  of  the  "cabin" 
during  the  process.  I  remember  some  harsh 
words  passing  between  a  friend  who  went  into  a 
cabin  to  light  his  pipe,  and  one  of  the  women 
there.  She  would  neither  give  him  a  light,  nor 
allow  him  to  take  it ;  and  her  voluble  tongue 
poured  forth  a  torrent  of  eloquence  —  "  hot  and 
heavy"  —  on  my  friend  for  asking  "a  light" 
while  churning.  In  some  places  the  visitor  is  ex- 
pected "  to  take  a  turn  at  the  dash,"  if  of  their 
own  class;  but  the  "quality"  merely  touches  it, 
with  the  expression  —  "  God  bless  your  work." 
This  last  salutation  is  universal.  It  sounds  very 
odd  to  hear  one  say,  while  admiring  your  new 
gig  or  car,  "A  fine  gig,  God  bless  it." 

George  Llotd. 

"  Three  Kings  of  Colon"  (2""  S.  viii.  431.)  — 
The  anthem  of  the  "  Three  Kings"  was  probably 
the  following,  which  is  printed,  with  other  devo- 
tions to  the  ^'  Three  Kings,"  in  the  Parva  caleste 
Palmetum,  Colonise  Agrippinae,  1764  :  — 

"  Sancti  ires  Reges  Caspar,  Melchior  et  Baltliasar, 
orate  pro  nobis  peccatoribus  nunc  et  in  hora  mortis  nos- 
tra:, Amen. 

"  V.  Tria  sunt  munera  pretiosa. 
E.  Qusa  obtulerunt  Magi  Domino. 
Oremus. 

"Deus,  qui  tres  Magos  Orientales  Sanctosquc  Reges 
Casparem,  Melchiorem  et  Baltbasaram,  ut  recens  natum 
in  Bethlehem  Filium  tuum  inviserent  ac  honaraient, 
mirabiliter  illustrasti,  quiESumus,  ut  eorum  exeraplo  et 
intercessione  adjuti,  veraque  fide  in  hujus  mundi  tenebris 
illuminati,  te  lumen  asternum  agnoscamus,  atque  inter 
prospera  et  adversa  tuto  gradiamur,  donee  ad  te,  qui 
lucem  habitas  inaccessibilem,  remotis  impedimentis  om- 
nibus expedite  perveniamus.  Per  Christum  Dominum, 
etc." 

F.  C.  H. 

"  Travelling  of  sound  experimentally  proved"  (2"* 
S.  vii.  380.)  —  In  his  account  of  a  visit  to  the 
Asylum  for  the  Deaf  and  Dumb  at  Paris,  Sir 
Francis  Head  relates  what  follows  :  — 

«  All  of  a  sudden  a  drum  beat,  on  which,  just  as  if  they 
heard  its  roll,  they  all  instantly  desisted  from  their 
games,  fell  into  line,  and  by  beat  of  drum  with  which 
their  feet  kept  perfect  time,  they  marched  away  following 
the  drummer-boy,  who  was  also  deaf  and  dunib.  '  They 
cannot  be  perfectly  deaf,'  I  said, « if  they  hear  that  drum.' 

"  In  reply  nij-  guide  informed  me  its  roll  had  no  effect 
on  their  ears,  but  created  an  immediate  vibration  in  their 
chests,  which,  although  in  describing  it  he  had  put  his 
hand  thereon,  he  termed  dans  I'estomac."  —  Faggot  of 
French  Sticks,  ii.  130. 

E.  H.  A. 

The  Excellent  Woman  (2"'>  S.  viii.  432.)  —  My 
copy  of  this  book  is  an  octavo,  in  two  parts,  pp. 
304.  and  336.  Printed  for  John  Wyat,  1695. 
At  the  end  of  the  second  part,  two  books  by 
Theophilus  Dorrington,  are  advertised,  which  is, 


to  me,  a  sufficient  key  to  the  T.  D.  On  the  title- 
page  of  the  Excellent  Woman.  J.  O. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

The  Diaries  and  Correspondence  of  the  Right  Hon. 
George  Rose  ;  containing  Original  Letters  of  the  Most  Dis- 
tinguished Statesmen  of  his  Day.  Edited  by  the  Rev.  L. 
Y,  Harcourt.    2Vols."8vo.     (Bentley.) 

This  new  contribution  to  the  history  of  this  country 
during  a  very  eventful  period  in  the  reign  of  George  III., 
is  extremely  valuable  in  three  distinct  points  of  view. 
In  the  first  place,  it  adds  greatly  to  our  knowledge  of  the 
personal  character  and  administrative  zeal  of  that  emin- 
ent and  thoroughly  English  minister,  Mr.  Pitt,  and  fully 
justifies  his  policy  in  the  great  struggle  upon  which  he 
was  so  long  engaged,  —  a  struggle  in  which  it  is  clear 
from  these  volumes  he  was  most  unwillingly  compelled  to 
enter, — for  he  desired  peace,  that  he  might  develop  the 
energies  and  resources  of  England, — but  which  when  en- 
gaged in,  he  carried  on  with  all  the  vigour  and  energy 
which  became  the  son  of  Chatham.  In  the  next  place 
these  volumes  throw  new  and  pleasing  light  on  the  cha- 
racter of  the  honest,  intelligent,  but  certainly  obstinate 
monarch,  George  III.  And  lastly,  they  do  justice  to  one 
of  the  most  valuable  public  servants  which  this  country 
has  ever  known,  George  Rose  himself —  the  sincere  and 
devoted  friend  of  Pitt  —  and  as  such  the  constant  butt  of 
all  Whig  witlings  —  but  who  here  stands  revealed  as  an 
able,  clearheaded,  straightforward,  honest  man  of  busi- 
ness, whose  steady  industry,  devoted  for  years  to  the 
service  of  the  State,  won  for  him,  and  most  deservedly, 
not  only  political  importance,  but  the  personal  regard  of 
his  sovereign,  and  indeed  of  all  who  knew  him.  The 
friends  and  family  of  George  Rose  may  turn  with  pride 
to  this  record  of  his  political  life,  this  proof  of  his  high 
character. 

Becket,  Archbishop  of  Canterbury.  A  Biography.  By 
James  Craigie  Robertson,  M.A.,  Canon  of  Canterbury. 
(Murraj-.) 

Canon  Robertson,  the  learned  author  of  the  History  of  the 
Christian  Church,  has  in  this  small  volume  reproduced, 
with  certain  changes  as  to  form,  and  additions,  the  result 
of  fresh  materials,  the  subject  of  two  papers  which  ap- 
peared some  years  since  in  the  English  Review.  The 
result  is  a  biography  of  the  great  Churchman,  narrated 
with  great  skill  and  impartialitj',  more  complete,  and 
certainly  more  interesting,  than  any  which  has  yet  been 
laid  before  the  English  reader.  Never  was  a  piece  of  our 
early  history  more  pleasantly  and  instructively  set  forth. 

Memoirs  of  Early  Italian  Painters,  and  of  the  Progress 
of  Painting  in  Italy  from  Cimabue  to  Bassano.  By  Mrs, 
Jameson.  A  New  Edition,  revised  throughout  by  the 
Author,  and  with  much  additional  matter.     (Murray.) 

These  last  words,  pointing  out  the  claims  of  this  new , 
edition  to  attention,  render  it  almost  superfluous  on  our 
part  to  do  more  than  chronicle  the  appearance  of  a  book 
so  well  calculated  to  Turnish  that  part  of  the  entertain- 
ment derived  from  the  contemplation  of  a  work  of  art 
which  springs  from  our  knowing  to  whom  to  attribute  it, 
and  then  to  know  its  history.  Mrs.  Jameson  does  this  in 
a  way  which  leaves  her  without  a  rival. 

Tragic  Dramas  from  Scottish  History  :  Heselrig,  Wal' 
lace,  James  the  First  of  Scotland.     (Constable  &  Co.) 

Shakspeare's  great  example  of  making  the  incidents  of 
his  country's  history  the  subject  of  Historical  Dramas,  has 
been  judiciously  followed  by  the  author  of  the  present 


506 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  17.  '69. 


volume,  who  exhibits  considerable  poetic  feeling,  and  a 
strong  sense  of  dramatic  effect. 

The  Reliques  of  Father  Prout,  late  P.P.  of  Watergrass- 
hill  in  the  County  of  Cork.  Collected  and  arranged  by 
Oliver  Yorke,  Esq.  (Rev.  Francis  Mahony),  Illustrated  by 
Alfred  Croquis,  Esq.  (D.  Maclise,  R.  A.)  New  Edition, 
revised  and  largely  augmented.  (Bohn's  Illustrated  Li- 
brary.) 

This  is  a  Christmas  Book  for  Scholars.  Those  who  would 
at  this  season  put  on  their  shelves  a  volume  replete  with 
quaint  humour,  ripe  scholarship,  and  an  unrivalled  readi- 
ness of  versification,  have  here  one  to  their  hand,  illus- 
trated with  a  series  of  etchings  by  Maclise  which  add 
greatly  to  its  value  and  interest. 

Stories  of  Inventors  and  Discoveries  in  Science  and  the 
Useful  Arts.  A  Book  for  Old  and  Young.  (  With  Illus' 
trations.)     By  John  Timbs,  F.S.A.     (Kent  &  Co.) 

We  have  often  had  occasion  to  compliment  Mr.  Timbs 
on  the  happiness  with  which  he  chooses  a  subject,  and 
the  success  with  which  he  brings  his  curious  stores  of 
information  to  bear  upon  it.  This  new  book  is  a  fresh 
instance  of  both  these  qualities,  and  no  better  pre.'<ent 
could  be  put  into  the  hands  of  an  intelligent  lad  than 
these  Stories  of  Inventors  and  Discoveries. 

Shakspeare^s  Household  Words.  A  Selection  from  the 
Wise  Saws  of  the  Immortal  Bard.  Illuminated  by  Samuel 
Stanesby.    (Griffith  &  Farren.) 

A  dainty  little  volume.  The  gems  from  Shakspeare 
are  here  enshrined  in  a  casket  of  rich  and  fantastic 
beauty.  The  manner  in  which  Mr.  Stanesby's  illumina- 
tions are  printed  is  very  creditable  to  Messrs.  Ashbee  & 
Dangerfield. 

Popular  Nursery  Tales  and  Rhymes,  witfi  One  hundred 
and  seventy  Illustrations  by  Weir,  Absolon,  Corbould, 
Wolf,  Zwecker,  H.  K.  Browne,  &c.,  engraved  by  the  Brothers 
Dalziel.     (Routledge.) 

It  is  hard  to  say  which  portion  of  this  beautiful  book 
will  be  most  attractive  to  the  Spelling  public  for  whom 
it  has  been  prepared  —  the  good  old  English  Nursery 
Tales,  or  the  170  exquisite  illustrations  by  which  they 
are  embellished.  Children  of  a  larger  growth  may  well 
relish  the  beauty  of  the  latter.  The  work  will  un- 
questionably prove  that  it  has  been  rightly  named. 

The  Human  Face  Divine  and  other  Tales.  By  Mrs.  Alfred 
Gatty.    (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

Instructive  and  clever,  Mrs.  Gatty  never  fails  to  amuse 
and  elevate  her  readers,  and  this  new  Christmas  Book 
will  fully  sustain  her  high  reputation,  ""he  first  story  is 
marked  by  that  thorough  originality  which  is  so  strong 
a  characteristic  of  all  Mrs.  Gatty's  writings. 

The  Children's  Pictzire  Book  of  Good  arid  Great  Men. 
With  Fifty  Illustrations.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

We  predict  that  this  tetertaining  volume  will  be  a 
great  favourite  during  the  present  season  on  account  both 
of  the  simplicity  of  its  narrative,  and  the  beauty  of  its 
illustrations. 

The  Children's  Picture-Book  of  Scripture  Parables,  in 
Simple  Language  for  Children.  By  the  Rev.  J.  Erskine 
Clarke.      With  Illustrations.     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

Mr.  Clarke  knows  how  to  write  for  children.  The 
volume  is  simple,  yet  elegant,  in  style,  and  will  be  a  wel- 
come addition  to  everj'  juvenile  library. 

The  History  of  Sir  Thomas  Thumb.  By  the  Author  of 
the  Heir  of  Redcliffe.  Illustrated  by  J,  B.  (Constable 
&  Co.) 

This  is  a  reissue  in  a  cheaper  form  of  Miss  Yonge's 
graceful  version  of  that  old  favourite  of  the  nursery,  the 
story  of  Tom  Thumb,  to  which  the  fanciful  pencil  of  J.  B. 
has  lent  additional  grace. 


Nightingale  Valley.  A  Collection  of  Tnany  of  the  choicest 
Lyrics  and  short  Poems  in  the  English  Language.  Edited 
by  Giraldus,     (Bell  &  Daldy.) 

Giraldus  tells  us  he  has  edited  this  volume  for  our  de- 
light ;  and  certainly  he  has  succeeded  well ;  for  we  can 
hardly  imagine  a  more  suitable  volume  either  for  a  pre- 
sent, or  to  make  us  acquainted  with  the  lyric  master- 
pieces in  our  language. 

The  Literary  and  Scientific  Register  and  Almanack  for 
1860,  §-c.    By  J.  W.  G.  Gutch.     (Kent  &  Co.) 

For  nineteen  years  has  this  very  useful  volume  made 
its  appearance.  It  contains  now  so  large  an  amount  of 
useful  information,  that  it  would  be  hard  to  say  what  a 
reasonable  man  could  seek  for  in  it,  and  not  find. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    PUHCHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad« 
dresses  are  given  ior  that  purpose. 
Johi»son's  Cottaoe  Gardener.    4to.    Green  cloth.    Vol.  I. 

HaRWOOD*S  LiCBFIEID.      4tO. 

Pitt's  Staffordshibb.    8vo. 
Davknant  on  the  Colossians,    Vol.  U. 
Shaw's  Staffordshibe.    Vol.  II.    Parti. 

"Wanted  by  J.  H.  W.  Cadbij,  Birmingham. 

A   CoURTEOITS    CoNPERENCB    WITH    THE    EnOLISH    CatBOLICKES   RoMJLNB, 

Written  by  John  Bishop,  a  Recusant  Papist.    London.    15&3, 
Wanted  by  Hev.  S.  £.  Waddelow,  Berkley,  Staplehurtt. 


Old  Ballads, by  R.  H.  Evans.    Vol.1.    London.    1810. 

Wanted  by  Hev.  E.  S.  Taylor,  Ormesby  St.  Margaret,  near 
Yarmouth. 


^otCceS  to  CorrpiSponlfenW. 

We  are  compiled,  notwithstanding  that  we  have  enlarged  our  present 
Number  to  Thirty-six  pages,  to  omit  several  interesting  Papeis,  among 
others.  Notes  on  Leighton's  Works ;  Destruction  of  Records  during 
French  Revolution  j  I'rangipani,  &c.,  and  many  of  our  Notes  on  Books. 

H.  A.  O.'s  Query  we  hope  to  answer  in  our  next. 

Clammild;  Mb.  Bolion  Coknkx's  work  on  Shakspeare  toot  neuer 
published.  .  , 

J.  O.  N.  and  R.  H.  8,  Wehave  letters  for  these  correspondents.  Where 
can  we  address  them  ?  ,    , 

H.  S.  G.  The  seal  qf  which  yoti  forwarded  us  an  impression,  is  modem, 
and  one  of  the  kind  brought  to  England  by  almost  every  traveller  who 
visits  Jerusalem,. 

C.  (Leoacv.)  There  are  no  records  kept  of  Legacies.  The  only  way 
of  ascertaining  whether  such  a  legacy  has  been  left  would  be  by  an  in- 
spection  of  the  will  of  the  supposed  testator, 

A.  F.  will  And  the  subject  o/ Cockades  treated  of  fully  in  our  1st  Series, 
vols.  iii.  and  xi. 

Vicar  of  Bray.  G.  W.  M.  willfind  this  famous  old  song  in  Chap- 
pell's  Popular  Music  of  the  Olden  Time,  vol.  ii.  p.  653. 

May  Marriages.  H.  H.  W.  m  referred  to  p.  52.  of  vol.  ii.  of  our  1st 
Series/or  illustrations  if  the  belief  in  the  ill  luck  attendant  on  these,  which 
is  older  even  than  Ovid  s  time,  iiTio  said  — 

"  Mense  malas  Maio  nubere  vulgus  ait." 

J.  L.  p.  The  church  of  S'.  John  the  Evangelist,  "  de  insula  missa- 
rum,"  appears  to  be  Inchafray  Abbey  at  itaderty.  about  eight  miles  from 
Perth,  said  to  have  beenfaunded,  circa  1200,  by  Gilbert  Earl  of  Strathei-n. 
See  Spotiswood's  Account  of  the  Religious  Houses  In  Scotland.  The 
whole  seal  (of  which  the  impression  sent  by  you  was  but  one  side)  is  en- 
graved in  Laing's  Scottish  Seals. 

Cotorave's  Dictionary.  In  our  notice  of  this  work  (anti,  p.  453.)  we 
stated  tJiat  there  was  an  edition  infol.  1773-2,  which  we  found  entered  in 
the  new  Catalogue  cf  the  British  museum.  The  date,  however.is  1673-72, 
tlie  work  being  in  two  parts.  The  first  French  and  English  Dictionary 
published  in  this  country  was  by  31.  Claudius  Desainliens,  or  as  he  chose 
to  call  himself  in  England,  liollyband,  a  teacher  of  languaues  in  London. 
Hollyband's  was  the  basis  of  Handle  Cotgrave's  valuable  Dictionary. 

R.  S.  Charnock.  Cumbenvorth's  will  appeared  at  p.  375.  of  our  present 
volume. 

"NoTBs  AND  QoBRiBs"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  .VIonthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  "Copies  /or 
&tx  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (incluaing  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  u  11«.  4d.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  0/  Mbssks.  Bkll  and  Daldy ,186.  Flbbt  Strbbt,  B.C.;  to  whom 
aU  CoMMCKioAiioirs  roa  laa  Eoitob  thould  bt  addreued. 


2»d  s.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


607 


LONDON.  SATUSDAY,  DECEMBER  24.  1859. 


No.  208.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES  :^  Archbishop  Leighton's  "Works,  507—  Lesrend  of  Jersey  i  the 
Seigneur  dc  Hambie,  509—  Frongipani,  by  D.  Hanbury,  lb. 

MiKon  Notes  :  —  Contents  of  Old  Book  Covers  —  Nicknames  on  Mem- 
bers of  Parliament  —  Beltalue  —  Square  Words  —  Machine  Hexa- 
meters, 511. 

QUERIES :  —  "  Familiar  Epistles  on  the  Irish  Stage,"  512. 

Minor  Qoeribs  :  —  Hymns  _  The  Book  of  Hy-Many  —  Terence  — 
Spoon  Inscription  —  Was  Lady  Jane  Grey  buried  at  Bradgate?  — 
Henry  Mnclellan—"  The  Death  of  Lord  Chatham  "  — Anno  Regul 
Regis  —  Quotation  —  Richard  Harliston,  512. 

Minor  Queries  with  Answers:  —  BaatXtxov  Acupov  —  Founders  of  Wes- 
leyan  Methodism  _"  March  Hares  "  — Thomas  Aquinas —  "  Irish 
Pursuits  of  Literature,"  513. 

REPLIES:  — Why  is  Luther  Represented  with  a  Goose?  by  R.  S. 

Chamock,  51 5—  Dr.  John  Anderson,  by  C.  D.  Lamont,  lb "  Domi- 

nua  regnavit  &  ligno,"  by  G.  Offer,  &c. ,  516  —  Henry  Lord  Poer,  by 
J.  D'Alton,  &c.,  518  — Skelmufeky,519_Dr.  Hewett's  Son,  by  CI. 
Hopper,  &c.,  lb. 

Replies  to  Minor  Queries:  —  Arithmetical  Notation  — Mr.  Willett, 
Pictures  purchased  by,  &c.  —  William  Andrew  Price  —  Malabar  Jews, 

—  Triforium  — Francis  Pole  — Owenson  the  Player  —  Ephemeral  Li- 
terature—The  Battiscombe  Family  —  Meaning  of  the  Word  "End  " 
as  applied  to  Places —  Imitation  of  Claudian  —  Plough  —  Passage  in 
Grotms —  William  Marshall  —  Stratford  Family— Death  Warrants 

—  Seals  —  Registration  without  Baptism  —  Heraldic  Drawings  and 
Engravings  —  Rings,  their  Uses  and  Mottoes  — Mole  and  Female 
Swans,  520. 


ARCHBISHOP   LEIGHTON's   W0BK9. 

{^Continued from  p.  64.) 

It  is  very  remarkable,  and  not  easy  to  account 
for,  that  Leighton's  eminent  position  as  a  great 
English  Classic  is  not  generally  recognised.  A 
striking  illustration  of  this  is  furnished  by  Mr. 
Robert  Chambers's  Cydopcedia  of  English  Literu' 
ture^  a  second  edition  of  which  has  recently  ap- 
peared under  the  editorial  care  of  Mr.  Robert 
Carruthers,  who  also  assisted  in  the  preparation 
of  the  former  edition.  I  am  well  acquainted  with 
the  edition  of  1842,  and  do  not  hesitate  to  charac- 
terise it  as  one  of  the  most  valuable  works  in  the 
English  language  —  a  work  standing  by  itself,  and 
of  singular  excellence.  The  new  edition  I  have 
not  yet  had  time  to  examine,  but  can  well  imagine 
that  it  is  admirable.  Now  in  this  bright  Circle, 
Leighton  shines  not ;  in  each  edition  he  is  passed 
over !  We  have  Tillotson,  and  Paley,  and  Blair, 
et  hoc  genus  omne,  —  but  Leighton  is  ignored,  and 
that  by  his  own  countrymen,  highly  intelligent 
and  cultivated  though  they  be  ! 

Archbishop  Leighton  calls  forth  our  warmest 
affection  and  admiration,  whether  we  regard  him 
as  a  Divine,  or  (to  use  his  own  expression), 
®e6ffo<pos,  as  a  Philosopher  and  Christian  Platonist, 
or  as  an  English  Author.  He  had  essentially  the 
genius  of  a  Poet  —  all  a  Poet's  imagination,  vivid 
sense  and  ardent  love  of  the  Beautiful,  felicity  of 
diction,  and  power  of  expression.  His  learning 
too,  so  rich  and  rare,  and  so  happily  applied,  con- 
tributes largely  to  the  charm  of  his  writing,  and 
affords  ''  matter  of  most  delightful  Meditation." 
But  that  which  adds  so  peculiar  a  zest  to  his  com- 


positions, as  Mr-  Pearson  rightly  observes  (p. 
clxvi.),  is  the  quality  usually  denominated  Unc- 
tion. His  mouth  spake  out  of  the  abundance  of 
his  heart ;  and  he  strikingly  exemplifies  his  own 
quotation  from  St.  Bernard,  —  Utilis  Lectio,  utilis 
Ervditio,  sed  magis  Unctio  necessaria,  quippe  quoe 
sola  docet  de  omnibus*  Indeed,  we  may  apply  to 
all  of  Leighton's  Works  what  Dr.  Fall  says  in 
speaking  of  the  Praslections,  and  that  without 
hyperbole :  — 

"  Surely,  even  those  who  have  the  least  divine  dispo- 
sition of  mind,  will  make  it  the  principal  business  of  their 
life,  and  their  highest  pleasure,  to  stray  through  those 
delightful  Gardens,  abounding  with  such  sweet  and  fra- 
grant Flowers,  and  refresh  their  hearts  with  the  Coelestial 
Honey  that  may  be  drawn  from  them ;  nor  is  there  any 
ground  to  fear  that  such  supplies  will  fail ;  for  how  often 
soever  you  have  recourse  to  them,  you  will  always  find 
them  blooming,  full  of  juice,  and  swelled  with  the  Dew 
of  Heaven ;  nay,  when  by  deep  and  continual  Medita- 
tion, you  imagine  you  have  pulled  the  finest  Flower,  it 
buds  forth  again ;  and  what  Virgil  writes  concerning  his 
fabulous  Golden  Bough  is,  in  strictest  truth,  applicable  in 
this  case : 

" ' .     .     Uno  avulso,  non  deficit  alter. 
Aureus.'  " 

Abp.  Leighton  lives  in  his  Works  f,  and  they 
accordingly  breathe  the  spirit  of  his  Life,  which 
was  indeed  what  Plotinus  calls  A  Flight  of  the 
Alone  to  the  Alone.  J  He  was  in  the  World  yet 
not  of  the  World,  but  apart  from  it ;  and  realised, 
as  fully  as  ever  man  did,  the  truth  of  that  pro- 
found saying  of  the  Ancients — Nascentes  morimur : 
Morientes  nascimur.  Thus  it  was  that  he  regarded 
the  World  as  an  Inn,  and  himself  as  a  Pilgrim 
travelling  towards  Eternity.  His  feelings  on  the 
subject  are  well  expressed  in  his  own  description 
of  a  Christian  Traveller  :  — 

"  There  is  a  diligence  in  his  calling,  and  a  prudent  re- 
gard of  his  affairs  not  only  permitted  to  a  Christian,  but 
required  of  him.  But  yet  in  comparison  with  his  great 
and  high  calling  (as  the  Apostle  terms  it),  he  follows  all 
his  other  business  with  a  kind  of  coldness  and  indifier- 
ency,  as  not  caring  very  much  which  way  they  go ;  his 
Heart  is  elsewhere !  The  Traveller  provides  himself  as 
he  can  with  entertainment  and  lodging  where  he  comes; 
if  it  be  commodious,  it  is  well,  but  if  not,  it  is  no  great 
matter.  If  he  find  but  necessaries,  he  can  abate  delica- 
cies very  well ;  for  when  he  finds  them  in  his  waj',  he 
neither  can,  nor,  if  he  could,  would  choose  to  stay  there. 
Though  his  Inn  were  dressed  with  the  richest  hangings 

*  Comment  on  St.  Peter,  iii.  19.,  Pearson's  edit.,  vol.  ii. 
p.  227. 

t  Mr.  Wogan  (not  Dr.  Fall,  as  I  inadvertently  said), 
in  prefixing  Some  Account  of  the  Life  of  Abp.  Leighton 
to  his  valuable  edition  of  the  XVIII.  Sermons,  observes: 
"  Indeed  our  Author  so  lives  in  his  Works,  that  the 
History  of  his  Life  would  appear  less  necessary  to  be  in- 
serted, were  it  not  of  use  to  throw  some  light  on  many 
passages  in  these  Sermons." 

X  The  celebrated  passage  in  Plotinus,  ending  with 
"  *uy7)  fiovov  jrpbs  MONON,"  has  been  most  happily-  and  ap- 
propriately chosen  as  the  Motto  for  Leighton's  Works  in 
Mr.  Pearson's  edition.  One  is  almost  tempted  to  trans- 
late it  A  Flight  of  the  Sole  to  the  Alone. 


508 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  8.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '59. 


and  furniture,  yet  it  is  not  his  Home;   he  must  and 
would  leave  it."  * 

Diodorus,  I  may  observe,  tells  us  that  the  Egyp- 
tians  used  to  style  the  dwellings  of  the  living 
"  Inns,"  regarding  this  Life  as  the  Journey  of  a 
Traveller  towards  his  Home.     Cowley  has  a  simi- 
lar  thought  in  one  of  his  Pindarique   Odes,   of 
which  I  give  the  first  stanza :  — 
"  Life. 
"  Nascentes  Morimur.     Manil. 
"  We're  ill  by  these  Grammarians  used, 
We  are  abused  by  Words,  grossly  abused ; 
From  the  Maternal  Tomb 
To  the  Grave's  fruitful  Womb, 
We  call  here  Life ;  but  Life's  a  Name 
That  nothing  here  can  truly  claim : 
This  wretched  Inn,  where  we' scarce  stay  to  bait, 
We  call  our  Dwelling-place  ; 
We  call  one  Step  a  Jiace : 
But  Angels,  in  their  full  enlightened  state 
Angels  who  Live,  and  know  what  'tis  to  Be, 
Who  all  the  nonsense  of  our  Language  see. 
Who  speak  Things,  and  our    Words  (their  ill-drawn 
Pictures^  scorn: 
When  we  by  a  foolish  Figure  say. 
Behold  an  old  Man  dead  !  then  they 
Speak  properly,  and  cry,  '  Behold  a  Man-child  born  ! '  " 

Yes,  Leighton's  Life  was  indeed  "  hid  with 
Christ  in  God ; "  he  had  passed  through  the  mys- 
tic grades  of  Mortification  and  Annihilation  f  into 
that  sublime  Absorption  which  he  so  well  de- 
scribes in  his  Rules  for  a  Holy  Life :  — 

"  Entering  into  Jesus,  thou  casteth  thyself  into  an  in- 
finite Sea  of  Goodness,  that  more  easily  drowns  and  hap- 
pily swallows  thee  up,  than  the  Ocean  does  a  drop  of 
water.  Then  shalt  thou  be  hid  and  transformed  in  Him, 
and  shalt  often  be  as  Thinking  without  Thought,  and 
Knowing  without  Knowledge,  and  Loving  without  Love, 
comprehended  of  Him  Whom  thou  canst  not  comprehend." 
-§v.  lO.J 

I  may  remark  here  that  these  few  lines  contain 
the  sum  and  substance  of  the  writings  of  the  great 
Mystics,  and  may  be  verified  over  and  over  again 
in  their  works.  I  would  especially  compare,  not 
only  this  passage,  but  the  whole  tract,  with  Norris 
of  Bemerton's  Discourse  concerning  Heroic  Piety, 
and  with  the  works  of  Tauler,  'k  Kempis,  St.  John 
of  the  Cross,  Fenelon,  Guion,  and  Marsay. 

Abp.  Leighton's  Works  might  receive  much 
beautiful  and  suitable  illustration  from  those  of  a 
kindred  spirit  —  the  sweet  Poet  and  Platonic 
Divine,  Noreis   of  Bem£bton.§    For  instance, 

*  Comment  on  St.  Peter,  ii.  11.,  vol.  i.  p.  274.  Cf.  vol.  ii. 
pp.  110.  347.  402.  Cf.  also  Norris's  poem.  The  Elevation, 
pp.  42.  46. 

t  See  the  preliminarj-  Letter  on  Mystics  and  Mystical 
Terms  prefixed  to  Marsay's  Discourses  relating  to  the  Spiri- 
tual Life,  Edinb.,  1749. 

J  Elsewhere  he  says :  "  It  is  but  little  we  can  receive 
here,  some  drops  of  Joy  that  enter  into  us ;  but  there  we 
shall  enter  into  Joy,  as  Vessels  put  into  a  Sea  of  Happi- 
ness."—Vol.  i.  p.  194. 

§  Norris's  Collection  of  Miscellanies  is  one  of  the  most 
delightful,  and,  at  the  same  time,  badly-printed  books  in 


compare  Leighton's  Lecture  "  Of  the  Happiness 
of  the  Life  to  Come "  with  "  An  Idea  of  Hap- 
piness," one  of  Norris's  charming  Miscellanies ; 
and  Leighton's  remarks  on  the  Beatific  Vision 
and  the  Scholastic  questions  about  it,  in  the  same 
lecture,  with  Norris's  "  short  and  methodical  ac- 
count "  of  the  matter  in  his  Idea.  (Miscel.  6th 
ed.  pp.  282 — 88.)  Again, —  that  Happiness  im- 
plies consciousness  of  it,  Non  est  beatus  qui  se  iion 
putat — cf.  Leighton,  vol.  i.  21.,  ii.  4D7.,  with 
Norris,  p.  284.  One  parallel  passage  I  would 
fain  quote  at  length.  Leighton,  speaking  of  un- 
reasonable and  childish  Desires,  asks :  — 

"  And  what  would  we  have  ?  Think  we  that  Content- 
ment lies  in  so  much,  and  no  less?  When  that  is  at- 
tained, it  shall  appear  as  far  off  as  before.  When  Chil- 
dren are  at  the  foot  of  a  high  Hill,  they  think  it  reaches 
the  Heavens,  and  yet  if  they  were  there,  they  would  find 
themselves  as  far  off  as  before,  or  at  least,  not  sensibly 
nearer.  Men  think.  Oh,  had  I  this,  I  were  well ;  and 
when  it  is  reached,  it  is  but  an  advanced  standing  from 
which  to  look  higher,  and  spy  out  for  some  other  thing." 
— Comment  on  St.  Peter,  v.  7.,  vol.  ii.  p.  430. ;  cf.  p.  148. 
Compare  Norris's  fine  poem  entitled  The  Infidel :  — 

"  Farewel  Fruition,  thou  grand  cruel  cheat. 
Which  first  our  Hopes  does  raise  and  then  defeat ; 
Farewel  thou  midwife  to  abortive  Bliss, 
Thou  mystery  of  Fallacies. 
Distance  presents  the  object  fair, 
With  charming  features  and  a  graceful  air. 
But  when  we  come  to  seize  th'  inviting  prey, 
Like  a  shy  Ghost,  it  vanishes  away. 

n. 

"  So  to  th'  unthinking  Boy,  the  distant  Sky 
Seems  on  some  Mountain's  surface  to  rely ; 
He  with  ambitious  haste  climbs  the  ascent, 
Curious  to  touch  the  Firmament : 
But  when  with  an  unweary'd  pace 
Arrived  he  is  at  the  long-wished-for  place. 
With  sighs  the  sad  defeat  he  does  deplore, 
His  Heaven  is  still  as  distant  as  before." 

P.  19.    Cf.  pp.  13.  32.  133.  215.  276.  288. 

Parallel  passages  occur  in  the  works  of  Dr. 
Johnson  (who  makes  the  primitive  Arcadians  take 
the  place  of  children},  Thompson,  Campbell, 
Hood,  and  many  others.  I  cannot  refrain,  how- 
ever, from  quoting  a  beautiful  passage  from 
Bishop  Hickes's  Devotions  :  — 

"  'Tis  to  be  happy  that  we  run  after  Pleasures ;  and 
cover  £sic2  in  everything  our  own  proud  Will.  But  we, 
ala.i!  mistake  our  Happiness;  and  foolishh'  seek  it 
•where  it  is  not  to  be  found.  As  silly  Children  think  to 
catch  the  Sun,  when  they  see  it  setting  at  so  near  a  Dis- 
tance. They  travel  on,  and  tire  themselves  in  vain ;  for 
the  thing  they  seek  is  in  another  World." — Lond.  1706, 
p.  446.     Mattinsfor  Commem.  of  Saints. 

The  Simile  of  the  Soul  and  the  Magnetic 
Needle,  or  "  The  Magnetism  of  Passion "  as 
Norris  calls  it,  has  already  been  illustrated  in  the 
pages  of  "  N.  &  Q."      On   this   point   compare 


our  language;  both  type  and  paper  are  wretched.  I 
trust  Mr.  J.  R.  Smith  will  ere  long  include  it  in  his  ad- 
mirable Library  of  Old  Authors. 


2»<»  S.  VIII.  DEa  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


509 


Leighton,  vol.  i.  pp.  22.  223.,  iii.  p.  187.,  with 
Norris,  pp.  91.  200.  208—9. 

The  Simile  of  Christ'a  Purity  and  the  Sun 
shining  unpolluted  on  pollution  has  also  beeYi 
traced  in  "  N.  &  Q."  ;  I  may  add  Leighton,  Serm. 
V.  vol.  iii.  p.  141.  Cf.  Cawdrie's  Treasurie  of 
Similies.     Lond.  1609,  p.  551. 

The  Simile  of  the  Wounded  Deer  (Med,  on 
Ps.  xxxii.  4.  vol.  ii.  p.  306. )>  is  very  beautifully 
drawn  out  in  one  of  Wither's  Emblems  5  cf.  also 
Cowper's  lines  beginning  "  I  was  a  stricken  Deer." 
Task,  B.  iii. 

Leighton,  commenting  on  1  Peter,  i.  3.,  ob- 
serves :  — 

"A  living  Hope,  living  in  death  itself  1  The  World  dares 
say  no  more  for  its  device,  than  Dum  spiro  spero ;  but  the 
Children  of  God  can  add,  by  virtue  of  this  living  Hope, 
Dum  expiro  spero,"  &c.  vol.  i.  p.  85. 

Cf.  the  following  passage  which  occurs  in  The 
Three  Divine  Sisters,  Faith,  Hope,  and  Charity,  by 
Thomas  Adams  of  WjUington.  —  Wo?-kes,  Lond. 
1630,  folio:  — 

"  Hope  is  the  sweetest  friend  that  ever  kept  a  distressed 
Soul  company ;  it  beguiles  the  tediousness  of  the  way,  all 
the  miseries  of  our  Pilgrimage.  Therefore  Dum  spiro 
spero,  said  the  Heathen  ;  hut' Dum  expiro  spero,  says  the 
Christian.  The  one,  '  Whilst  I  live  I  hope ; '  the  other 
also, '  When  I  die,  I  hope ; '  So  Job,  /  will  hope  in  Thee 
tho'  Thou  killest  j«e."— Repr.  1847,  p.  8. 

All  Things  attend  and  serve  Man  —  Fragm.  on 
Ps.  viii.  vol.  ii.  p.  346.  Cf.  G.  Herbert's  Poem 
on  "  Man." 

The  Elixir — Comment  on  St.  Peter,  iv.  2.  11.; 
vol.  ii.  pp.  294.  353—4.  Cf.  G.  Herbert's  poem 
of  that  name. 

Leighton's  account  of  True  Philosophy  is  very 
striking :  — 

"  The  exactest  Knowledge  of  things  is  to  know  them 
in  their  causes ;  it  is  then  an  excellent  thing,  and  worthy 
of  their  endeavours  who  are  most  desirous  of  Knowledge, 
to  know  the  best  things  in  their  highest  causes ;  and  the 
happiest  way  of  attaining  to  this  Knowledge  is,  to  pos- 
sess these  things,  and  to  know  them  by  experience." — 
Vol.  i.  pp.  13—14.     Cf.  ii.  120. ;  iv.  120.  275-6.  324.  348. 

The  above  is  a  beautiful  expansion  of  Virgil's 

"  Felix  qui  potuit  rerum  cognoscere  causas." 

Georg.  ii.  490. 

EiRIONNACH. 

(To  he  concluded  in  our  next.) 


LEGEND    OF   JERSEY  :     THE    SEIGNEUR   DE    HAMBIE. 

In  the  island  of  Jersey,  upon  an  artificial  mound 
facing  the  coast  of  Normandy,  is  a  chapel  called 
La  Hogue-bie.  Hogue  is  a  word  synonymous 
with  tumulus,  and  answers  precisely  to  what  we 
term  a  sepulchral  barrow.  There  are  many  of 
the  kind  in  the  isle,  but  this  is  the  largest.  There 
is  a  tradition  that  a  Norman  nobleman,  the 
Seigneur  de  Hambie,  being  killed  in  the  island, 


was  interred  here ;  and  the  mound  raised  over 
him  that  from  Normandy  his  widow  might  daily 
view  the  burial-place  of  her  departed  husband. 
The  chapel  was  added,  wherein  to  say  masses  for 
the  repose  of  his  soul.  A  strong  spice  of  romance 
pervades  the  story,  which  is  printed  in  Latin,  from 
the  original  MS.,  in  Falle's  Jersey,  continued  by 
Morant  (4to.  edit.  1798),  and  in  substance  is  as 
follows :  — 

"  It  is  related  that  once  on  a  time,  in  the  marshes  of 
St.  Laurence,  in  the  island  of  Jersey,  there  existed  a  ser- 
pent (or  dragon)  which  greatly  troubled  the  islanders 
with  its  ravages.  Upon  its  coming  to  the  ears  of  the 
Lord  of  Hambie  in  Normandy,  he,  instigated  by  the  re- 
port, and  to  add  glory  to  his  name,  repaired  thither  — 
killed  and  decapitated  the  dragon.  He  had  a  servant 
who  accompanied  him,  and  who  was  to  have  carried 
home  the  news  of  this  valiant  action,  but,  envious  of  the 
renown  of  so  great  a  deed,  turning  suddenly  treacherous, 
he  slew  his  master  and  buried  him.  Returning  to  Ham- 
bie he  persuaded  his  mistress  that  his  lord  had  been 
killed  by  the  serpent,  and  that  he  himself  had  avenged 
his  death  by  despatching  the  monster.  He  moreover  in- 
structed her  that  he  was  charged  with  his  lord's  dying 
wish  to  the  effect  that  she  should  marry  the  servant: 
a  concession  to  which  the  lady  for  the  pious  love  that 
she  bare  to  her  liege  lord  yielded.  The  .servant,  now 
elevated  to  the  position  of  Lord  of  Hambie,  raved  fre- 
quently in  his  sleep,  and  seemed  agitated  in  dreams,  con- 
stantly exclaiming,  '  Alas,  wretch  that  I  was  to  kill  my 
master.'  A  reiteration  of  this  excited  her  suspicions: 
she  consulted  her  friends,  taxed  him  with  the  fact,  and 
brought  him  to  justice,  when  he  acknowledged  the 
crime.  The  lady,  as  a  memorial,  erected  a  mound  upon 
the  spot  where  he  was  killed  and  buried,  in  the  parish  of 
St.  Saviour,  and  it  was  called  Hogue  Hambie,  otherwise 
by  corruption  Hogue-bie,  Hogue  being  an  obtuse  pyramid 
of  earth  of  the  sort  called  by  the  French  Montjoyes." 

These  tales  of  valiant  knights  combating  with 
fierce  and  pestiferous  dragons  have  been  common 
in  history,  and  I  should  be  glad  to  have  some 
theory  of  their  origin.  The  old  serpent,  the  arch- 
enemy of  the  human  race,  may  have  been  the  idea 
to  build  on,  but  it  would  be  hardly  consistent  to 
drag  in  the  Apocalypse  to  help  us  out,  as  Pagan- 
dom would  furnish  doubtless  as  many  examples. 

A  friend  once  imaginatively  suggeste/i  to  me 
that  mankind  having  some  oral  tradition  of  the 
pre-adamite  monsters,  may  have  furnished  ma- 
terial for  such  fables,  which  lost  nothing  in  the 
perpetual  telling  of  successive  generations. 

Is  this  edition  of  Falle's  Jersey  rare  ?  I  can- 
not meet  with  a  copy  in  the  British  Museum. 

This  romantic  story  has  been  versified  by  a 
writer  in  the  European  Magazine,  vol.  Ixxii. 
(1817),  whose  initials  are  R.  A.  D.,  Esq.  Is  it 
known  to  whom  these  initials  appertain  ? 

Ithuriel. 


FBANGIPANT. 


This  is  the  name  of  a  composition  sold  as  a  per- 
fume, and  which  of  late,  through  the  enterprise 
of  its  vendors,  has  been  much  pressed  on  the  at- 


510 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'d  S.  Viri.  Dec.  24.  '59. 


tention  of  the  public  tlirougli  the  advertising 
columns  of  our  newspapers,  periodicals,  &c.  The 
origin  of  the  term  seems  worthy  of  a  Note  ;  espe- 
cially as  many,  I  doubt  not,  have  like  myself  sup- 
posed it  to  be  without  more  signification  than  the 
names  of  other  perfumers'  nostrums :  as,  for  in- 
stance, Guards^  Bouquet,  Jockey  Club,  and  the 
like.  It  is  also  the  more  necessary  since  an  ex- 
planation, which  I  believe  to  be  without  founda- 
tion, is  circulated  by  one  of  the  vendors  of  the 
perfume,  under  semblance  of  a  quotation  from 
"N.  &  Q."* 

Frangipani  is  the  name  of  a  very  ancient  and 
illustrious  family  of  Rome,  one  member  of  which, 
Mutio  Frangipani,  served  in  France  in  the  Papal 
army  during  the'reign  of  Charles  IX.  The  grand- 
son of  this  nobleman  was  the  Marquis  Frangipani, 
Marechal  des  Armees  of  Louis  XIII. ;  and  he  it 
was  who  invented  a  method  of  perfuming  gloves, 
which,  when  so  perfumed,  bore  the  name  of  "Fran- 
gipani gloves."  "f  Menage,  in  his  Origini  della 
Lingua  Italiana,  published  at  Geneva  in  1685, 
thus  notices  the  Marquis  and  his  invention :  — 

"  Da  uno  di  que'  Signori  Frangipani,  (1'  abbiam  vecluto 
qui  in  Parigi)  furono  chiamati  certi  guanti  porfumati, 
Guanti  di  Frangipani." 

From  the  following  passage  in  Le  Laboureur's 
Memoires  de  Castelnaut,  it  appears  that  the  bro- 
ther of  the  Marquis  Frangipani  had  a  share  in  the 
invention  :  — 

"  Ce  dernier  Marquis  Frangipani,  et  son  frfere  mort 
auparavant  luy,  invent^rent  la  composition  du  parfum 
et  des  odeurs  qui  retiennent  encore  le  nom  de  Frangipane." 

What  the  composition  of  the'perfume  was  that 
gained  for  the  Marquis  so  much  reputation,  I 
have  not  been  able  to  discover.  Menage,  who, 
it  will  be  observed,  was  a  contemporary,  and  had 
met  the  Marquis  in  Paris,  alludes  merely  to  per- 
fumed gloves,  and  I  am  inclined  to  think  that  this 
was  the  only  form  in  which  the  invention  at  first 
appeared.  Le  Laboureur  speaks  of  his  inventing 
"  la  composition  du  parfum  et  des  odeurs,"  which 
perhaps  may  be  understood  to  refer  to  some 
essence,  powder,  or  pommade.  This  much,  how- 
ever, is  certain,  that  various  compositions,  as  pom- 
made,  essence,  and  powder,  distinguished  by  the 
name  of  Frangipani  or  Frangipane,  were  sold  by 
perfumers  down  to  the  early  part  of  the  present 
century,  when  they  gradually  fell  into  disuse. 
During  the  last  few  years,  however,  the  name  has 
again  found  its  way  into  the  list  of  perfumes,  and 
Frangipani  is  now  more  sold  than  it  probably. 
ever  was  before.  The  formulce  for  the  various 
compounds,    as    "Pommade    k   la  Frangipane," 


[*  Who  informs  us  that  the  paragraph  originally  ap- 
peared, as  a  quotation  from  "  N.  &  Q.,"  in  a  country 
paper."  —  Ed.  "N.  &  Q."] 

t  Vide  Bayle,  Dictionnaire  Historique  et  Critique', 
Moreri,  Grand  Dictionnaire,  ed.  1740,  tome  iv.  p.  183. 

X  Ed.  Bruxelles,  1731,  tome  ii.  p.  651. 


"  Esprit  de  Frangipane,"  &c.,  are  so  utterly  dis- 
crepant, and  have  such  slender  pretensions  to  re- 
present the  original,  that  it  is  needless  to  quote 
them,  and  I  shall  only  refer  the  reader  who  wishes 
for  them  to  the  works  named  below.* 

The  subject  of  perfumed  gloves,  which  I  may 
remai-k  have  long  since  disappeared  from  use,  in- 
troduces us  to  some  curious  particulars  regarding 
the  trades  of  glover  and  perfumer.  Savary,  in  his 
Dictionnaire  Vniversel  de  Commerce  (Geneve  et 
Paris,  1750),  tells  us  that  the  glovers  of  Paris 
constitute  a  considerable  community,  having  sta- 
tutes and  laws  dating  back  so  far  as  1190.  These 
statutes,  after  receiving  various  confirmations  from 
the  kings  of  France,  were  renewed,  confirmed,  and 
added  to  by  Louis  XIV.  under  Letters  Patent 
in  March,  1656.  The  glovers  are  therein  styled 
"Marchands  Maitres  Gantiers-Parfumeurs."  In 
their  capacity  of  glovers  they  had  the  right  of 
making  and  selling  gloves  and  mittens  of  all  sorts 
of  materials,  as  well  as  the  skins  used  in  making 
gloves ;  while  as  perfumers  they  enjoyed  tlie 
privilege  of  perfuming  gloves,  and  of  selling  all 
manner  of  perfumes.  Perfumed  skins  were  im- 
ported from  Spain  and.Italy,  and  were  used  for 
making  gloves,  purses,  pouches,  &c. ;  they  were 
very  expensive  and  "fort  a  la  mode,"  but  their 
powerful  odour  led  to  their  disuse.  With  regard 
to  gloves,  Savary  remarks  :  — 

"  II  s'en  tiroit  autrefois  quantity  de  parfum^s  d'Espagne 
et  de  Rome ;  mais  leur  forte  odeur  de  muse,  d'ambre  et 
de  civette,  qu'on  ne  pouvoit  soutenir  sans  incomraodite, 
a  fait  que  la  mode  et  I'usage  s'en  sont  presque  perdus : 
les  plus  estim^s  de  ces  Gans  etoient  les  Gans  de  Franchi- 
pane  et  ceux  de  Neroli."t 

Many  receipts  are  extant  for  the  perfuming  of 
gloves,  and  though  some  of  them  are  curious, 
they  are  too  lengthy  for  me  to  quote  more  than 
the  titles.  Here,  in  the  Secreti  de  la  Signora  Isa- 
bella Cortese,  ne"  quali  si  contengono  Cose  Mi- 
nerali,  Medicinali,  Arteficiose  ed  Alchimiche,  e 
molte  de  T  Arte  Profumatoria,  appa7-tenenti  a 
ogni  gran  Signora  (Venet.,  1574,  12mo.),  we  find 
directions  for  "  Concia  di  guanti  perfettissima, 
con  niusco  ed  ambracan,"  and  again  "  Concia  di 
guanti  senza  musco  perfetta."  I  have  also  before 
me,  from  an  old  French  work  published  at  Lyons 
in  1657  J,  the  precise  directions  for  "  Civette  tres- 
exquise  pour  parfumer  gands  et  en  oindre  les 
mains."  In  these  compositions  musk,  ambergris, 
and  civet,  were  the  chief  perfumes  ;  and  as  they 
were  applied  inside  the  gloves,  combined  with 
some  sort  of  oil  or  grease,  their  use  at  the  present 
day  would  be  thought  intolerable.  The  gloves  of 
Frangipani  were  also  prepared  with  grease,  as  I 

*  Celnart,  Nouveau  Manuel ,  complet  du  Parfumeur, 
Paris,  1854,  ISmo.  ;  Piesse,  Art  of  Ferfuimry,  Loudon, 
1856,  8vo. 

t  Tom.  ii.  p.  619. 

t  Les  Secrets  du  Seigneur  Alexis  Piemontois. 


2"'!  S.  Vlll.  Dec.  24. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES- 


511 


tbink  we  may  gather  from  the  following  lines  of 
Cerisantes* :  — 

"  Amice,  nil  me  sicut  antea  juvat 
Pulvere  vel  Cyprio 
Coiiiam  nitenlem  pectere ; 

Vel  quas  Britannus  texuit  subtiliter 
Mille  modis  varias 
Jactare  ventis  taanias ; 

Vel  quam  perunxit  Frangipanes  ipsemet 
Pelle,  manum  gracilem 
Cor&m  puellis  promere." 

The  word  FrancMpanne,  or  Fravgipane,  is  ap- 
plied in  French  cookery  to  a  sort  of  pastry  com- 
posed of  almonds,  cream,  sugar,  &c.  In  the  VV^est 
Indies  it  is  used  to  designate  the  fruits  of  Flu- 
miera  alba  L.,  and  P.  rubra  L.,  because,  accord- 
ing to  Merat  and  De  Lens  f,  "  on  retrouve  dans 
ces  fruits  murs  le  gout  de  nos  franchipanes."  If 
.these  fruits  are  eatable,  it  is  remarkable  that 
neither  Sloane  nor  Lunan  mentions  the  fact. 
Frangipanier  is,  however,  the  French  name  of  the 
Plumiera.  Dan.  Hambury. 

Plough  Court,  Lombard  Street. 


Contents  of  Old  Book  Covers.  —  J.  E.  F.'s  ac- 
count of  the  discovery  of  a  picture  within  the 
boards  of  a  book  cover,  reminds  me  of  an  anec- 
dote I  heard  in  conversation  some  years  ago.  I 
have  forgotten  who  my  authority  was,  but  have 
a  strong  impression  that  my  informant  had  means 
of  knowing  the  details  of  the  discovery  from  the 
finder. 

I  was  told  that  a  good  many  years  ago,  when 
several  of  the  books  in  the  library  of  Lincoln 
cathedral  were  being  examined  for  the  purpose  of 
selecting  those  that  were  in  bad  repair  to  be  re- 
bound, a  slight  inequality  was  detected  in  the 
paper  covering  internally  one  of  the  boards  of  a 
iblio  volume.  Curiosity  caused  this  paper  to  be 
removed,  and  displayed  a  number  of  thin  gold 
coins  packed  closely  together.  If  my  memory 
does  not  betray  me  my  informant  said  that  they 
were  mostly  ten  shilling  pieces  of  James  I.  and 
Charles  I.  Dk.  Dryasdust,  F.S.A. 

Nicknames  on  Members  of  Parliament.  —  Per- 
haps some  correspondent  would  furnish  additions 
to  the  following: — The  late  Nicholas  Fitzsimon, 
son-in-law  of  the  late  Daniel  O'Connell,  at  one 
time  represented  the  county  of  Dublin  in  Par- 
liament. At  the  same  time  another  Nicholas 
Fitzsimon  (afterwards  Sir  Nicholas,  since'  dead) 
represented  the  King's  County.     The  latter  was 


*  They  form  part  of  an  ode  addressed  "Ad  Vincentem 
Victurum,"  which  may  be  found  at  the  end  of  the  Latin 
letters  of  Balzac  (Balzacn  Carminum  Libri  tres  :  ejusdem 
Epistolm  Selectee,  ed.  Mg.  Menagio,  Paris,  1650,  4to.) 

t  Diet,  de  la  Matiere  Mcdicale,  torn.  v.  405. 


an  exceedingly  obese  person,  whilst  his  namesake 
had  a  very  deformed  short  leg  and  foot,  and 
was  lame.  In  order  to  distinguish  them  in  the 
"  House,"  the  latter  was  called  Mr.  Foot-Simon, 
whilst  the  member  for  the  King's  County  was 
known  as  Mr.  Fat-Simon;  nothing  in  the  shape 
of  "  nicknames  "  could  be  more  appropriate.  The 
late  Pierce  Mahony,  an  attorney  of  Dublin,  who 
had  an  extensive  practice,  represented  the  borough 
of  Tralee  (in  Kerry)  for  a  short  time  in  Parlia- 
ment, and  contrived,  in  a  fevr  months,  to  intro- 
duce so  many  Bills,  that  he  was  called  Bill 
Mahony,  a  name  that  he  carried  with  him  to  his 
grave.  Two  of  the  Wynns  of  Wales,  uncle  and 
nephew,  were  in  the  "  House ; "  one  was  called 
Bubble,  from  the  extraordinary  manner  in  which 
he  ppoke,  whilst  the  other  had  a  thin  whistling 
sort  of  utterance,  which  procured  for  him  the 
name  of  Squeak.  No  doubt  hundreds  may  be 
added  to  the  above.  S.  Redmond. 

Liverpool. 

Beltane.  —  Numerous  observances,  relics  of  the 
ancient  Beltane  festival,  the  Beal  fire-worship  of 
the  Celtic  nations,  are  described  as  being  still 
practised  on  the  '1st  of  May  in  the  end  of  last 
century  and  the  beginning  of  the  present.  How 
far  are  observances  of  this  class  still  kept  up  ? 
such  as  extinguishing  the  fires  of  a  district  on  the 
1st  of  May,  and  then  kindling  a  need-fire  ?  Is  the 
lighting  of  bonfires  on  May-day,  or  on  Hallow- 
e'en (the  1st  of  Nov.),  still  kept  up  in  many 
localities  ?  A.  F. 

Edinburgh. 

Square  Words.  —  Having  been  defied  to  square 
Queen  and  Crimea,  I  have  assayed  and  done 
them.  As  they  are  difiicult,  I  send  them  as  a 
contribution  to  the  selection  you  have  pub- 
lished :  — 

QUEEN  CRIMEA 
USAGE  REMAND 
EASES  IMAGED 
EGEST  MAGPIE 
NESTS  ENEIDS 
A  D  D  E  S  T 

There  are,  I  am  satisfied,  no  other  solutions. 

Clammild. 

Athenaeum  Club. 

Machine  Hexameters  (P'  S.  xii.  470. ;  2"''  S.  i. 
57.)  —  I  have  taken  the  liberty  of  having  a  few 
copies  of  this  ingenious  puzzle  printed,  under  the 
title  of  Carminarium  Latinum  ;  and  any  of  your 
correspondents  who  may  desire  a  copy  can  have 
one  by  applying  by  letter  to  Mr.  Heming,  prin- 
ter, Stourbridge,  and  enclosing  Is.  Id.  in  postage 
stamps. 

It  will  be  ready  very  shortly,  but  early  applica- 
tion should  be  made  to  ensure  a  copy.      H.  S.  G. 


512 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"<»  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '69. 


"familiar  epistles  on  the  IRISH . stage." 

Who  was  the  author  of  a  12mo.  volume,  entitled 
Familiar  Epistles  to  Frederick  E.  Jones,  Esq.  on 
the  Present  State  of  the  Irish  Stage,  pp.  178  ?  It 
attracted  no  small  amount  of  public  attention  in 
its  day ;  and  having  reached  a  fourth  edition, 
"with  considerable  additions"  (Dublin,  1805), 
it  has  been  usually  attributed  to  the  pen  of  the 
late  Right  Hon.  John  Wilson  Croker.  But  re- 
garding its  authorship,  "  sub  judice  lis  est." 

In  Mr,  Wm.  J.  Fitzpatrick's  recent  publication, 
entitled  The  Friends,  Foes,  and  Adventures  of  Lady 
Morgan,  p.  137.,  the  following  words  may  be 
found :  — 

"  An  unadorned  slab,  almost  smothered  by  rank  weeds, 
in  the  churchyard  of  St.  Werburgb,  Dublin,  communi- 
cates to  the  reader  the  melancholy  fact,  that  Edwin,  one 
of  the  most  promising  Irish  actors,  died  in  1805,  from  a 
broken  heart  caused  by  an  illiberal  criticism  in  Croker's 
Familiar  Epistles  on  the  Irish  Stage." 

But  Mr.  Gilbert's  statement,  as  given  in  his 
History  of  the  City  of  Dublin,  vol.  ii.  pp.  221. 226., 
differs  from  the  foregoing  :  — 

"Early  in  1804  the  dramatic  world  of  Dublin  was 
thrown  into  a  state  of  commotion  by  the  appearance  of 
a  small  anonymous  pamphlet,  entitled  Familiar  Epistles 
to  Frederick  Jones,  Esq.  on.  the  Present  State  of  the  Irish 
Stage.  The  authorship  of  this  production,  which  was 
kept  a  profound  secret,  has  been  ascribed  to  John  Wilson 
Croker,  who,  however,  pledged  his  honour  to  Jones  that 

he  had  not  written  it Jones  always  considered 

the  Epistles  to  have  been  written  by  the  late  Baron  Smith 
[Sir  Wm.  Cusack  Smith,  Bart.],  and  ascribed  the  greater 
part  of  the  notes  to  a  barrister  named  Comerford,  editor  of 
the  Patriot  newspaper." 

Some  reader  of  "  N.  &  Q."  may  perhaps  be 
able  and  willing  to  set  the  question  at  rest.* 

Abhba. 


:^tn0r  cSucrteS. 

Hymns.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  tell 
me  where  to  find  the  originals  of  the  well-known 
hymn — "  Lo  !  He  comes  with  clouds  descending  " 
by  Oliver,  a  Methodist  shoemaker  (?)  ;  of  "  Great 
God !  what  do  I  see  and  hear  ;"  and  of  the  mo- 
dern hymns,  "  Glory  to  thee,  O  Lord,"  for  Inno- 
cents' Day,  in  the  collection  of  the  Society  for 
Promoting  Christian  Knowledge ;  and  "  Our  blest 
Redeemer  ere  He  breathed  a  tender  last  farewell," 
in  Mercer's  book  ?  H.  W.  B. 

The  Book  of  Hy-Many.  —  In  Dr.  O'Donovan's 
valuable  work  on  The  Tribes  and  Customs  of  Hy- 
Ulany,  printed  by  the  Irish  Archaeological  Society 
from  the  Book  of  Lecan,  the  learned  editor,  in  his 
introductory  remarks,  observes  that  "  the  Book  of 

j^*  The  work  is  attributed,  without  any  Query,  to  John 
Wilson  Croker  in  the  Catalogue  of  the  British" Museum. 
—  Ed.] 


Hy-Many,  supposed  to  contain  various  tracts  re- 
lating to  the  territory,  is  still  in  existence,  and  is 
believed  to  be  in  the  possession  of  a  private  col- 
lector in  England  ;  it  is,  however,  inaccessible  to 
the  editor." 

Can  you,  Sir,  or  any  of  your  numerous  corre- 
spondents, inform  me  whether  Dr.  O'Donovan's 
belief  is  correct  ?  an<l,  if  so,  in  whose  custody  this 
doubtless  highly  curious  ancient  MS.  is  at  the 
present  time  ?  William  Kelly. 

Leicester. 

Terence.  —  Can  you  oblige  me  by  answering  the 
two  following  Queries  regarding  English  transla- 
tions of  Terence?  1st.  Terences  Comedies,  made 
English,  12mo.,  1694,  by  Mr.  L.  Echard  and 
others ;  revised  and  corrected  by  Dr.  Echard  and 
Sir  (Roger  ?)  L'Estrange.  Who  were  the  "  other" 
translators.  2nd.  There  is  an  edition  of  Terence, 
Latin  and  English,  Svo.,  1739,  by  John  Stirling. 
Is  Mr.  Stirling  the  author  of  the  English  transla- 
tion in  this  edition  ?  R.  Inglis. 

Spoon  Inscription. — 

"  AN.  NO.  1669. 

DJCSBLVT   .   ESV  CffilST  .  GOTESSOIN .  DEPwMS 

GVNSREIN  VONaLLEN  SVKDEN 

CHIIST  TVML.  BSBEN.  ASTF.  ALBES  SER 
DENSLENS.  WASSEN." 

The  above  is  an  inscription  on  a  curiously 
carved  spoon,  the  handle  of  which  represents  the 
Virgin  and  child,  with  two  little  cherubs  clasping 
her  robe,  standing  on  Sin,  represented  by  a  nude 
female  with  long  hair  and  a  serpent's  tail.  At 
the  back  is  a  head  with  long  flowing  wig.  I 
should  be  grateful  if  any  of  your  numerous  corre- 
spondents would  tell  me  whether  it  is  probable 
that  this  spoon  was  used  in  the  rite  of  baptism, 
and  who  the  head  might  represent  ?        W.  P.  L. 

Greenwich. 

Was  Lady  Jane  Grey  buried  at  Bi'adgate  ?  —  A 
Query  on  this  subject  was  inserted  in  1"  S.  ix. 
373.,  from  my  friend  Mr.  T,  R.  Potter,  which 
has  not  yet  received  any  reply.  As  it  would  be 
interesting  to  ascertain  the  last  resting-place  of 
the  remains  of  this  unfortunate  lady,  permit  me 
to  renew  the  Query ;  and  to  ask  whether  there  is 
any  evidence  to  invalidate  the  tradition  that 
"her  body  was  privately  brought  from  London 
by  a  servant  of  the  family,  and  deposited  in  the 
chapel  at  Bradgate  ?"  William  Kellt. 

Leicester. 

Henry  Maclellan.  —  Can  you  give  me  any  in- 
formation regarding  Mr.  Maclellan,  who  is  author 
of  an  alteration  of  Romeo  and  Juliet,  which  seems 
to  have  been  acted  at  Norwich  about  1757.  This 
author  is  not  noticed  in  the  Biographia  Drama- 
tica.  In  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  1823  (vol. 
xciii.  Part  ii.  p.  605.),  I  find  the  two  following 


'i"*  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24. 


'69.} 


NOTES  AND  QUEEIES. 


513 


paragraphs  in  a  paper  entitled  "  Extracts  from  Old 
Newspapers  "  :  — 

1.  "  To  the  Public.  —  As  it  has  been  remarked  by  some 
persons,  that  the  favourite  play  of  Romeo  and  Juliet  would 
give  much  more  satisfaction  to  the  audience  in  general, 
if  it  ended  happily,  accordingly  it  has  been  entirely 
altered.  The  5th  Act  made  almost  a  new  one,  saving 
their  lives,  and  the  life  of  every  vertuous  unoflfending 
character,  preserved  also  (except  Mercutio),  and  rewarded. 
All  this  too  is  brought  about  by  nothing  even  bordering 
upon  the  miraculous,  but  by  plain,  natural,  and  far  from 
improbable  means,  &c.    The  play  is  now  in  rehearsal." 

2.  "  The  Inventory,  a  whimsical  moral  piece.  —  N.B.  As 
there  happened  a  great  error  in  the  first  night's  represen- 
tation, in  the  5th  Act  of  Romeo  and  Juliet,  as  lately  al- 
tered, the  scene  of  reconciliation  between  the  families 
being  thro'  accident  almost  entirely  omitted,  this  is  to 
acquaint  every  lady  and  gentleman,  that  the  MS.  is 
ready  to  be  produced,  on  their  sending  for  it  to  Mr.  Mac- 
lellan's."  * 

R.  Inglis. 

"  T'he  Death  of  Lord  Chatham.'"  —  How  is  it 
that  Copley's  picture  of  the  sad  scene  in  the  old 
House  of  Lords,  on  April  5,  1778,  when  Lord 
Chatham  fell  into  a  swoon  whilst  addressing  the 
House,  is  designated  in  the  oflScial  Catalogue  of 
our  National  Gallery,  "  The  Death  of  Lord  Chat- 
ham "  ?  Walpole,  in  his  Last  Journals,  states 
that  the  Earl  "  fell  down  in  a  second  fit  of  apo- 
plexy, and  lay  some  time  as  dead.  He  was  car- 
ried into  the  Jerusalem  Chamber,  and  in  about 
twenty  minutes  recovered  his  speech."  Walpole 
is  in  error  as  to  the  chamber ;  it  was  the  Painted, 
not  the  Jerusalem  Chamber.  The  latter  is  not 
adjoining  the  House  of  Lords,  but  at  the  west 
end  of  Westminster  Abbey.  The  official  Cata- 
logue is  also  in  error  in  stating  "  the  scene  repre- 
sented in  this  picture  took  place  in  the  old  House 
of  Lords  (the  Painted  Chamber)  ;'*  whereas  the 
old  House  of  Lords  was  the  old  Parliament  Cham- 
ber, which  then  occupied  the  site  of  the  Royal 
Gallery,  built  by  Soane,  when  the  old  Court  of 
Requests,  or  White-hall  of  the  palace,  was  fitted 
up  for  the  House  of  Lords.  It  is  true  that  the 
official  Catalogue  corrects  itself  by  adding  that 
"the  Earl  was  carried  home,  and  never  again  rose 
from  his  bed  :  he  died  on  the  11th  of  May  follow- 
ing." Still,  «  The  Death  of  the  Earl  of  Chatham," 
is.  a  misnomer  for  Copley's  picture.  T. 

Anno  Regni  Regis.  —  Which  is  the  tenth  year 
of  a  king's  reign?    When  engaged  in  historical 

[*  A  copy  of  The  Inventory,  by  Henry  Maclellan,  now 
before  us,  contains  the  following  MS.  notes  in  his  own 
handwriting:  — 

«  July,  1755. 

"  The  following  pieces  are  most  humbly  Dedicated  to 
the  Ladies,  Gentlemen,  and  other  worthy  Inhabitants  of 
the  town  of  Liverpool,  by  their  already  much  obligated 
and  most  obedient  Servant,         Heney  Maclellan." 

Again,  at  the  bottom  of  the  title-page:  "Maclellan 
(if  wanted)  may  be  heard  of  at  Mr.  James  Hall's,  Taylor, 
in  Rosemary  Lane." — Ed.] 


pursuits  one  is  frequently  obliged  to  turn  the 
Anno  regni  regis  into  the  Anno  Domini.  Sup- 
pose, for  instance,  a  king  comes'  to  the  throne  in 
1850,  which  will  be  the  fifth  or  tenth  year  of  his 
reigu  ?  This  may  seem  to  be  a  very  foolish  ques- 
tion ;  nevertheless,  as  I  am  disposed  to  be  foolish 
at  this  moment,  I  will  ask  it.  But  should  any  of 
the  numerous  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  be  good 
enough  to  answer  me,  I  shall  be  prepared  to  ex- 
plain why  I  have  put  forward  the  Query. 

P.  Hutchinson. 

Quotation.  —  Can  any  of  your  correspondents 
inform  me  where  I  shall  find  a  piece  of  poetry 
on  Time  with  these  words  (published  twelve  or 
fifteen  years  ago  in  an  almanack)  :  — 

"  Years  roll  on  years  impatient  to  be  gone, 
The  stately  palace  and  the  marble  hall,"  &c. 

T.  G.  G. 

Richard  Harliston.  —  Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents add  to  my  scanty  notes  on  Richard 
Harliston,  sometime  Governor  of  Jersey,  or  refer 
me  to  any  works  in  which  he  and  his  family  are 
mentioned  ?  He  is  described  by  insular  histo- 
rians as  a  native  of  Hunberston,  co.  Lincoln,  a 
vice-admiral  in  the  English  service,  a  knight,  and 
as  flourishing  in  the  reign  of  Edward  TV.  In  the 
Harleian  MS.  433.  he  is  mentioned  with  William 
Hareby  as  being  named  joint  captains  of  Jersey, 
and  in  which  mention  they  are  described  as 
"  Sqyres."  He  is  said  to  have  died  in  Flanders 
in  the  service  of  Margaret,  sister  of  Edward  IV. 

J.  BeKTKAND  PAIfNiJ. 


BaaiKiKov  Awpov. —  Some  of  your  correspondents 
(2°'*  S.  viii.  356.  444.)  have  made  inquiries  con- 
cerning the  first  edition  of  Eihon  Basilihe  by 
Charles  I.  It  would  appear  from  the  subjoined 
passage  that  a  "  Basilikon"  was  also  written  by 
James  I. :  — 

"  Our  unthankfulnesse  may  remove  him  as  it  did  the 
mirror  of  Princes,  our  late  famous  Elizabeth.  She 
rests  with  God ;  the  Phoenix  of  her  ashes  reignes  ouer  us, 
and  long  may  he  so  doe  to  God's  glory,  and  the  churches 
good  which  his  excellent  knowledge  beautifieth  and  go- 
vernment adjoyned  will  beatifie  it.  An  hope  of  this  last 
we  conceiue  by  his  written  Baa-iKiKov"  &c. 

This  passage  occurs  in  a  preface  to  a  work 
written  in  1625,  now  before  me ;  and  my  desire 
is  to  find  out  any  particulars  connected  with  this 
book.  What  is  its  full  title  ?  When  published  ? 
Where  to  be  seen  now  ?     C.  Le  Poer  Kennedy. 

[This  work  is  entitled  «  BA2IAIK0N  AOPON.  Devided 
into  Three  Bookes.  Edinbvrgh:  Printed  by  Robert 
Walde-graue,  Printer  to  the  Kings  Majestie,  1599,  4to." 
At  the  four  corners  of  an  ornamented  title-page  are  the 
words,  "  Amor,"  "  Pax,"  "  Pacis  alumnis,"  and  "  Infesta 
malis."  This  is  the  first  edition  of  the  work,  which  has 
been  supposed  to  have  contributed  more  than  any  other 


514 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


t2»<»  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '59. 


to  smooth  James's  accession  to  tbe  crown.  Its  rarity  and 
literary  value  will  be  appreciated  by  the  following  ex- 
tracts'from  M'Crie's  Life  of  Melcille,  ii.  489. :  "  Fond  of 
«eeing  this  work  in  print,  and  j'et  conscious  that  it  would 
give  great  oft'ence,  James  was  anxious  to  keep  it  from 
the  knowledge  of  his  native  subjects  until  circumstances 
should  enable  him  to  publish  it  with  safety.  '  With  this 
view,  the  printer  being  first  sworn  to  secres}'  (says  be), 
I  only  permitted  seven  of  them  to  be  printed,  and  these 
SEVEN  I  dispersed  among  some  of  my  trustiest  servants 
to  be  kept  close  by  them.'  I  have  now  before  me  (adds 
M'Crie)  a  copy  of  the  first  edition  [now  in  the  Grenville 
librarj",  Britisli  Museum],  and  I  have  no  doubt  that  it  is 
one  of  the  seven  copies  (perhaps  the  only  one  existing)  to 
which  that  edition  was  limited.  It  is  beautifully  printed 
in  a  large  Italic  letter.  Prefixed  to  it  are  two  sonnets, 
the  first  of  which,  entitled  '  The  Dedication  of  the  booke,' 
is  not  to  be  found  in  the  subsequent  editions.  On  com- 
paring this  with  the  subsequent  ones,  I  find  that  altera- 
tions were  made  in  the  work.  For  though  all  the  charges 
ngainst  the  Scottish  preachers  are  retained,  James  found 
it  necessary  to  drop  or  to  soften  some  of  his  most  un- 
guarded and  harsh  expressions,  and  to  give  an  ambigu- 
ous turn  to  the  sentences  which  had  created  the  greatest 
offence.  For  example,  in  the  original  edition  he  says, 
'  If  my  conscience  had  not  resolved  me,  that  all  my  re- 
ligion was  grounded  upon  the  plaine  words  of  the  scrip- 
ture, I  had  never  outwardly  avowed  it,  for  pleasure  or 
awe  of  the  vaine  pride  of  some  sedicious  Prcachours'  In 
the  edition  of  11503,  that  sentence  stands  thus,  'I  had 
never  outwardlie  avowed  it,  for  pleasure  or  awe  of  any 
flesh.'  "  Several  other  alterations  of  the  text  are  quoted, 
and  the  following  among  other  sentences  is  omitted, 
speaking  of  the  Islanders  of  Scotland,  "Thinke  no  other 
of  them  all,  then  as  Wolves  and  Wild  Boares."  The 
other  editions,  entitled  BA2IAIK0N  AfiPON,  or  His  Ma- 
iesties  Instrvctions  to  his  Dearest  Sonne,  Henri/  the  Prince, 
are  those  of  Edinb.,  1G03 ;  Lond.  1G03,  12mo. ;  Lond. 
1082,  with  portraits  of  the  King  and  Prince  Henry  by 
White:  Latin,  Lond.  1604,  8vo.  :  French,  Poictiers, 
1603,  12mo.;  Rouen,  1603;  Paris,  1604,  12mo.] 

Founders  of  Wesleyan  Methodism. — The  follow- 
ing cutting  from  The  Times  of  Nov.  30,  1859,  is 
worthy  of  being  embalmed  in  your  pages,  for  the 
sake  of  the  future  historians  of  Wesleyanism  :  — 

"  It  is  not  a  little  singular  that  the  town  of  Epworth, 
Lincolnshire,  should  have  produced  both  the  Rev.  John 
Wesley,  the  founder  of  the  Wesleyan  Society,  and  the 
Kev.  Alexander  Kilham,  the  founder  of  the  Methodist 
New  Connexion.  Wesley  was  born  in  1703,  and  Kilham 
in  1762.  No  monument  of  either  has  been  erected  in  the 
town ;  but  the  Conference  of  the  New  Connexion  have 
approved  a  proposal  to  erect  a  monumental  chapel  in  me- 
morj'  of  the  latter.  The  site  selected  for  the  building  is 
almost  in  the  centre  of  the  town,  facing  the  High  Street." 

Wesley  died  March  2,  1791,  aged  eighty-eight. 
When  did  Kilham  die  ?  and  what  was  his  age  at 
his  death  ?  A.  T.  L. 

[According  to  a  marble  monument  erected  in  his  chapel 
at  Nottingham,  where  he  was  interred,  Alex.  Kilham  died 
on  Dec.  20,  1798,  aged  thirty-six.] 

"  March  Hares."  —  Can  you  inform  me  of  the 
origin  of  the  saying,  "  As  mad  as  a  March  hare  ?  " 

W.  E.  M. 

[In  Nares's  Glossary,  ed.  1858,  we  read  that  "  Hares 
are  said  to  be  unusually  wild  in  the  month  of  March, 
v/bjcji  is  their  rutting  time."    An  old  sportsman,  how- 


ever, informs  us,  that  hares  in  the  month  of  March,  when 
the  winds  are  usually  high,  quit  the  cover  to  avoid  the   • 
continual  disturbance  arising  from  the  falling  of  decayed 
twigs  and  the  rustling  of  dried  leaves. 

"  And  neither  took  the  gifts  he  brought  here. 
Nor  yet  would  give  him  back  his  daughter, 
Therefore  e're  since  this  cunning  archer. 
Hath  been  as  mad  as  any  March  hare." 

Homer  a  la  Mode,  1665. 

"  As  mad  as  a  March  hare;  where  madness  compares, 
Are  not  Midsummer  hares  as  mad  as  March  hares?  " 
Ilcy  wood's  Epigrammes,  1567.] 

Thomas  Aquinas.  —  I  wish  to  identify  two 
volumes  containing  works  of  Thomas  Aquinas. 
The  books  were  formerly  in  the  library  of  Dr. 
Kloss,  the  "Bibliophilist"  of  Frankfort,  and  now 
are  in  my  collection.  Any  information  regarding 
them  will  be  acceptable.  Both  are  in  black-letter  : 
the  first,  4to.,  not  paged  ;  initials  in  rubrical  MSS. 
Text  occupies  64  pages  ;  no  "  explicit"  or  "  finis"; 
no  registers ;  fuUstop  only  point  used.  Water- 
mark, lamb  of  St.  John,  with  banner,  in  a  circle. 
On  reverse  of  first  leaf  is  a  table  containing  head- 
ings of  the  chapters ;  headings  numbered  conse- 
cutively from  1  to  18, — the  shapes  of  figures  4,  5, 
7,  14,  15,  17,  arc  curious.  In  a  MS.  note,  on  the 
fly-leaf,  in  handwriting  of  Dr.  Kloss  (?),  the  book 
is  desci'ibed  thus :  *'  Editio  incognita  (Coloniaj, 
Therhoem,  1474  :)  confrond  duo  En  :"  This  note 
requires  explanation  :  —  Is  it  still  "  incognita 
editio"  ?  What  is  the  meaning  of  "  duo  En  :"  ? 
Is  the  printer's  name  rightly  spelt  ?  Does  Pan- 
zer mention  this  edition  ?  The  other  book  is 
"Thomas  Aquinas  de  Articulis  Fidei,"  etc., 
folio  ;  no  initials  ;  not  paged  ;  colon  and  fuUstop 
used ;  "  Et  sic  est  finis"  at  end ;  occupies  35 
pages.  On  the  cover  is  the  following  note  by  Dr. 
Kloss :  "  Panzer,  i.  90.  480.  (Argintorati,  Martinus 
Flach,  1475,)  typis  Sallustiis."  Will  some  of 
your  readers  kindly  refer  to  Panzer,  and  co])y 
any  information  he  may  offer  concerning  either 
of  these  works  ?  I  would  feel  obliged  for  any 
notes  concerning  their  identity.  I  endeavoured, 
but  unsuccessfully,  to  obtain  a  copy  of  the  Sale 
Catalogue  of  Dr.  Kloss's  library.  It  was  for  sale 
in  Mr.  Miller's  List  for  last  month,  but  sold  off 
before  I  could  get  it.  C.  Le  Poer  Kennedy. 

[Can  the  former  of  the  two  volumes  respecting  which 
our  correspondent  inquires  be  No.  304.  in  the  Sale  Cata- 
logue of  Dr.  Kloss's  library? 

"  304.  [Aquino  (S.  Thomse  de)]  Tractatus  de  Periculis 
contingentibus  circa  Sacramentum  Eucharisticie  (Coloniae, 
Arti.  Ther.  Hoernen,  147|." 

We  think  the  "  duo  En : "  to  be  a  memorandum  of  the 
price  at  which  the  book  was  purchased  =  "  two  engel- 
groschen  "  ?  Each  engelgroschen  was  worth  about  six- 
pence sterling.  But  there  was  also  the  engelthaler,  worth 
about  five  shillings. 

The  other  book  appears  to  be  No.  397.  of  the  Sale  Cata- 
logue, unless  it  be  No.  898. :  "Aliud  exemplar,  uncut." 
The  following  is  from  Panzer,  i.  90. :  — 

"  *  480.  S.Thomae  Sunimade  Articulis  Fidei  et  Ecclesi® 
Sacramentis.     Tractatus    de  Periculis  cfusp  contingunt 


2''<»  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '59,] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


515 


circa  Sacramentum  Eucharistia;.  Adhter.  Ejusd.  Epistola 
de  Judaeis  ad  Petitionem  Comitissa3  Flandria;.  In  fine : 
Et  sic  est  Jinis.  Char,  eodem  goth.  maior.  sine  oust.  sign. 
et  pagg.  num.  fol.  1.  33  hahet  lintas ;  foil.  18  fol. — 
Laire  Ind.  i.  p.  203."] 

'■^  Irish  Pursuits  of  Literature."  —  Who  was  the 
author  of  an  8vo.  volume,  entitled  Lnsh  Pursuits 
of  Literature,  in  a.d.  1798  and  1799  (Dublin, 
1799)?  Abhba. 

[The  above  work  was  followed  by  another  from  the 
same  pen,  entitled  Pursuits  of  Literature,  Translations  by 
Octavius,  Dublin,  8vo.,  1799.  Both  works  are  by  Dr. 
William  Hales,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and 
Kector  of  Killesandra.  These  clever  brochures  are  very 
fuUj'  noticed  by  Mr.  Gough  in  the  Gent.  Mag.  Ixix.  1135, 
ll-li.    Consult  also  Nichols's  Illustrations,  viii.  318.3 


la^pltc^. 


WHY   IS   IvUTIIER   REPRESENTED   WITH    A   GOOSE? 

(2""  S.  viii.  243.  277. 298.) 
A  late  distinguished  antiquary  has  the  follow- 
ing note  on  "  Luther  and  his  goose  : " 

"  While  travelling  in  the  North  of  Germany  in  Aug. 
1838,  I  noticed  the  portraits  of  Luther  and  Melancthon 
in  all  churches.  When  Luther  was  represented  full- 
length,  there  was  almost  always  the  figure  of  a  swan  or  a 
goose  at  his  feet.  In  Germany  nobody  could  give  me  a 
satisfactory  reason  why  those  birds  should  accompany 
Luther's  portraits.  In  March,  1842,  1  inserted  in  the 
Gent.'s  Mag.  a  request  to  any  of  its  corraepondents  to 
give  me  some  information  on  the  subject.  In  the  follow- 
ing month  (p.  346.)  this  answer  is  given: — 'It  is  said 
John  Huss  asked  his  executioner,  are  you  going  to  burn 
a  goose  — such  is  the  meaning  of  Huss  in  the  IJohemian 
language ;  in  one  century  you  will  have  a  swan  j'ou  can 
neither  roast  nor  boil  ?  This  was  afterwards  interpreted 
to  mean  Luther,  who  had  a  swan  for  his  arms.  This 
seems  to  be  the  reason  that  a  swan  is  generally  placed  by 
Luther's  side  in  his  whole-length  portraits.'  (This  inter- 
pretation does  not  satisfy  me.  I  cannot  imagine  that 
Luther,  the  son  of  a  poor  miner  of  Eisleben  in  Saxony, 
could  ever  have  borne  an  aristocratic  coat  of  arms.  Born 
10  Nov.  1484;  died  at  Eisleben,  18  Feb.  1546,  aged  61 
years  3  months  8  days.)  The  writer  in  the  Biog.  Univ., 
under  '  Huss,'  observes  '  Quelques  protestants  du  16">"' 
siecle,  jouant  sur  le  mot  Huss,  racontent  gravement, 
qu'avant  d'expirer,  il  avoit  prophetise  la  venue  de  Luther, 
en  s'^criant  qu'on  faisoit  mourir  une  Oie,  mais  que  cent  ans 
apres  il  renaitroit  de  ses  cendres  un  Cygne,  qui  soutiendroit 
la  verite'  qu'il  avoit  defendue.'  Since  writing  the  an- 
nexed statement  of  my  doubts  as  to  Luther  bearing  an 
armorial  shield,  I  find  that  he  certainly  did.  In  the  Hist, 
de  Martin  Luther,  par  J.  M.  V.  Audin  (vol.  ii.  p.  535.), 
after  mentioning  the  death  of  Catherine  Bora,  wife  of 
Luther,  which  occurred  at  Torgau  (Upp.  Saxony),  20 
Dec.  1552,  M.  Audin  adds,  'Les  restes  de  Catherine  re- 
posent  dans  I'eglise  paroissiale  de  Torgau.  Une  pierre 
les  recouvre,  sur  laquelle  la  compagne  de  Luther  est  re- 
presentee de  grandeur  naturelle,  tenant  en  main  une  Bible 
ouverte.  Audessus  de  la  tete,  si  droite,  sont  les  Armes  de 
Luther ;  h  gauche,  celles  de  sa  femme ;  un  lion,  dans  un 
champ  d'or,  et  dans  le  heaume,  une  queue  de  paon.' 
The  lion  in  the  field  of  gold  and  crest  of  peacock's  tail 
are  the  arms  of  Catherine  Bora.  The  arms  of  Luther  are 
not  described  —  Martin  Luther,  son  of  Hans  Luther,  a 
poor  labourer,  afterwards  a  miner,  born  at  Eisleben,  in 


Upper  Saxony,  in  the  county  of  Mansfeld,  10  Nov.  1483, 
ordained  priest  2  Maj-,  1506,  aged  22  y.  5  m.  22  d. ;  mar- 
ried at  Wittembcrg,  13  June,  1525,  aged  41  y.  7  m.  4  d., 
to  Catherine  Bora,  Bore,  Bohre,  of  a  noble  but  needj' 
family  of  Grimma,  on  the  Muldau,  between  Dresden  and 
Leipsig.  She  had  in  infancy  been  placed  in  a  convent  at 
Nimptsch,  near  Grimma,  from  which,  with  eight  others, 
she  made  her  escape  with  the  assistance  of  Leonhard 
Kceppen,  a  senator  of  Torgau,  and  Wolf  Tomitzch,  on  4 
April,  1521,  and  fled  to  Wittemberg.  She  was  bom  at 
Grimma,  29  Jan.  1499,  and  died  at  Torgau,  20  Dec. 
1552,  aged  53  y.  10  m.  21  d.,  having  survived  her 
husband  6  y.  10  m.  2  d.  (Audin.)  From  Memoires  de  Lti- 
titer,  trad,  par  M.  Michelet,  2  vols.  1837, «  Martin  Luther 
ou  Luder,  ou  Lother  (car  il  signe  quelquefois  ainsi),  na- 
quit  h,  Eisleben  le  10  Nov.  1483.  h,  onze  heures  du  soir.' 
(vol.  i.  p.  3.) ;  and  a  note,  p.  295.,  '  Lotharius,  lut-lier, 
leute-herr,  chef  des  hommes,  chef  du  peuple.'  Audin 
(Hist.  Luther,  vol.  i.  p.  79.)  states  that  Erasmus  says,  in 
Epist.  ad  Groc.,  that  the  real  name  of  Martin  Luther  was 
Ludder  or  Luder,  which  he  abandoned,  because  in  Saxon 
it  signified  '  a  worthless  fellow  '  —  '  qu'il  quitta,  parce- 
qu'en  Saxon  luder  signifie  mauvais  garuement '  (G.  bider, 
riot,  lewdness,  to  lead  a  lewd  life.  Fli'igel).  In  the  Matri- 
culation Books  of  the  Universitj'  of  Erfurtll  in  1501,  the 
name  is  written  'Martinus  Ludher  ex  Mansfeld,'  and 
afterwards,  in  1502,  '  Martinus  Luder,  ex  Mansfeld,  Bac- 
calaureus  Philosopliiaj.'  'Jean  (Hans)  Luther,  pfere 
de  celui  qui  est  devenu  si  celebre,  etoit  de  Mcehra,  petit 
village  de  Saxe,  prbs  d'Eisenach.  La  mfere  etoit  fiUe 
d'un  bourgeois  de  cette  ville,  ou,  selon  une  tradition  que 
j'adopterais  plus  volontiers,  de  Neustadt,  en  Franconie. 
Le  pbre,  qui  n'^tait  qu'un  pauvre  mineur,  avait  de  la  peine 
a  soutenir  sa  famille.  Jean  Luther  laissa  une  maison, 
deux  fourneaux  h  forge,  et  environs  mille  thalers  en  ar- 
gent comptant.  Les  Armes  du  pere  de  Luther,  car  les 
pa3'sans  en  prenaient  h  I'imitation  des  armoiries  des  nobles, 
^taient  tout  simplement  un  raarteau.  Luther  ne  rougit 
point  de  ses  parens.'  (Memoires  ds  Luther,  par  Miche- 
let, vol.  i.  p.  3.)  '  Hans  Luther  avait  des  Armes  h.  I'instar 
des  nobles  de  son  temps,  un  marteau  de  mineur,  dont 
Martin  etait  fier  corame  un  Sickingen  de  son  epde.' " 
(Audin,  La  Vie  de  Martin  Luther.) 

Wachter  derives  Lotharius,  Luderus,  Lutherus, 
Lotherus,  from  O.  G.  lauter,  clarus,  lucidus,  ful- 
geiis  ;  but  all  these  names  might  also  be  from  O. 
Gr.  laut-herr,  "  illustrious  master." 

The  name  Melancthon  or  Melanthon  is  the 
Greek  translation  of  his  real  G.  name  Schwar- 
zerde,  "  black  earth,"  which,  if  from  locality,  might 
account  for  our  name  Sweetland,  which  is  possibly 
a  corruption  of  Svart-land.  John  Huss  was  born 
at  Hussenitz,  Hussinatz,  or  Hussinecz  in  Bohe- 
mia. I  shall  be  glad  of  the  derivation  of  the  name 
Calvin  or  Cauvin.  I  fancy  it  may  be  from  O.  G. 
culf-win,  for  MUf-win,  which  would  either  translate 
"  a  helping  friend  "  or  "  a  help  in  war."  The  O. 
G.  Mlf  liillf,  changes,  not  only  into  celf,  elf,  olf, 
ulf,  and  wolf,  but  also  into  chilp.  As  a,  final,  it 
takes  the  form  of  gehillf  which  corrnpts  into  culf 
and  calfj^  R.  S.  Chaknock. 


DR.    JOHN   ANDERSON. 

(2'>''  S.  vii.  435. ;  viii.  255.  358.) 
I  am  glad  your  correspondent,  Sigma  Theta, 
has,  in  addition  to  my  meagre  reply  to  his  Query 


516 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°a  S.  VHi.  Dec.  24.  '69, 


about  Rev.  John  Anderson,  received  from  Mb. 
Irving  (2°*  S.  viii.  358.)  so  much  interesting 
matter  on  the  subject.  By  way  of  increasing,  and 
it  may  be  supposed  completing  the  subject,  I  now 
send  you  all  I  have  noted,  as  I  have  hunted  up 
all  my  memoranda.  Mb.  Irving  will  find  the  cor- 
rection of  my  supposition  as  to  Mr.  Anderson's 
being  presented  to  a  parish  by  Montrose.  The 
Rev.  John  Anderson  was  born  in  Edinburgh  on 
the  10th  of  January,  1670  (in  a  house  in  the 
Cannongate,  I  believe)  ;  he  was  educated  in  the 
Cannongate  School,  was  chosen  one  of  the  mas- 
ters of  the  school  about  1692.  He  was  elected 
head  master  of  the  Grammar  School  in  South 
Leith  in  1693.  He  was  chosen  by  the  Lord 
Provost  and  magistrates  of  Edinburgh  as  one  of 
the  classical  teachers  of  the  High  School  of  Edin- 
burgh in  1695.  He  became  private  tutor,  or,  as 
he  is  phrased  on  his  monument,  "Preceptor  to  the 
famous  Duke  of  Argyle  and  Greenwich,"  some- 
where about  1696  it  is  probable.  It  has  been  said 
that  he  was  also,  in  1697,  private  tutor  to  the  no 
less  celebrated  James  Duke  of  Montrose,  and 
was  instrumental  in  saving  his  life  on  one  occa- 
sion, but  of  this  there  is  no  record.  In  1698,  he 
was  ordained  parish  clergyman  of  Dumbarton. 
In  1711,  he  received  a  call  from  the  parish  of 
Dundonald,  and  a  presentation  thereto  from  Lord 
Cochrane,  but  declined.  In  1713  he  received  a 
presentation  to  the  parish  of  East  Kilbride  from 
the  Duke  of  Montrose,  which  he  also  declined. 
In  1718  he  was  removed  to  the  west  parish  of 
Glasgow ;  and  at  his  house  in  Glasgow,  on  the 
1 9th  of  February,  1721,  "at  half  past  5  o'clock  in 
the  morning,"  he  breathed  his  last.  On  the  22nd 
of  February  his  body  was  interred  in  the  church- 
yard attached  to  the  north-west  parish  church,  at 
the  head  of  the  Candleriggs  in  Glasgow,  where  it 
now  lies.  Shortly  afterwards  a  monument  to  his 
memory  was  placed  in  the  church,  I  believe  by 
his  son.  When  the  old  church  (known,  I  never 
could  discover  lohy,  in  common  parlance  as  the 
Ramshorn  Kirk,)  was  demolished,  the  monument 
was  removed  and  placed  in  the  wall  of  the  new 
church  (built  on  the  same  site)  by  Professor  John 
Anderson,  the  grandson  of  the  Rev.  John  Ander- 
son. On  the  death  of  Prof.  John  Anderson,  in 
1796,  he  was  buried  beside  his  grandfather ;  and 
six  months  after  his  interment,  the  present  monu- 
ment, containing  the  epitaph  of  grandfather  and 
grandson,  was  put  into  the  outside  wall  of  the 
church  (now  known  as  St.  David's),  the  former 
stone  having  probably  decayed  and  become  illegi- 
ble. The  enclosed  copy  (by  the  Session  Clerk 
Dep.  of  St.  David's)  of  the  inscription  on  the  pre- 
sent monument,  obtained  through  the  courtesy  of 
the  pastor,  Robt.  Paton,  D.D.,  completes,  I  think, 
all  that  is  ever  likely  to  be  forthcoming  as  to  the 
life  and  labours  of  John  Anderson.  Mr.  Irving 
will  see  that  Samuel  Royse's  "  Verses  "  fixed  the 


date  of  the  death  :  short,  indeed,  was  Mr.  Ander- 
son's tenure  of  the  north-west  parish  of  Glasgow, 
and  his  life  must  have  been  embittered  by  the 
contenrion  preceding  his  removal  to  Glasgow. 
The  date  of  the  removal  is  some  two  years 
earlier  than  Mr.  Irving  states  it,  1718  instead 
of  1720  (which  is  correct  ?).  I  presume  be- 
fore the  1715  "row"  Montrose  and  Argyll  were 
on  fair  terms ;  and  it  is  by  no  means  impos- 
sible that  Anderson  was  tutor  to  both,  and 
that  both  gave  him  a  helping  hand.  And  it  is 
worth  noting,  as  an  instance  to  add  to  those  al- 
ready noted  in  "  N.  &  Q."  of  "  Remote  Events 
through  few  Links,"  that  John  Anderson,  though 
only  fifty-one  years  of  age  at  his'  death,  was  born 
in  the  reign  of  Charles  II.,  and  lived  in  the  reigns 
of  James  II.,  William  and  Mary,  Anne,  and 
George  I. 

I  trust  you  will  excuse  the  length  of  this,  and 
insert  the  copy  of  the  inscription  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  as 
it  is  a  point  settled  and  final,  so  far  as  this  matter 
is  concerned,  from  C.  D.  Lamont. 

Paris,  94.  Rue  de  Lourcine. 

"  Near  this  place  lie 
The  remains  of  the 
Rev.  John  Andeuson, 
Who  was  Preceptor  to  the  famous  Duke  of  Argyle  and 
Greenwich,  and  Minister  of  the  Gospel  in  Dumbarton,  in 
the  beginning  of  the  Eighteenth  Century, — and,  in  this 
Church,  in  ike  year  1720.  He  was  the  Author  of  the 
Defence  of  the  Church  Government,  Faith,  Worship,  and 
Spirit  of  the  Presbyterians;  and  of  several  other  Eccle- 
siastical and  Political  Tracts.  As  a  pious  Minister,  an 
eloquent  Preacher,  a  Defender  of  Civil  and  Religious 
Liberty,  and  a  Man  of  Wit  and  Learning,  he  was  much 
esteemed.  He  lived  in  the  reigns  of  Charles  II.,  James 
II.,  William  III.,  Ann,  and  George  I.  Such  times,  and 
such  a  Man,  forget  not  Reader,  while  thy  Country,  Li- 
berty, and  Religion  are  dear  to  thee. 

"  Mingled  with  the  dust  of  the  above-mentioned  Mr. 
John  Anderson,  is  that  of  his  Grandson  Mr.  John  Ander- 
son, who  died  on  the  13th  of  January  in  the  year  1796, 
in  the  Seventieth  year  of  his  age,  and  Fort}''-first  of  his 
Professorship.  The  Eldest  Son  of  Mr.  Anderson,  who 
was  Minister  in  this  Church,  was  the  Reverend  James 
Anderson,  who  was  Minister  in  Roseneath,  and  his  Eldest 
Son  was  the  above-mentioned  Mr.  John  Anderson,  who  was 
Professor  of  Natural  Philosophy  in  the  University  of 
Glasgow  and  the  Founder  of  an  Institution  in  the  City 
of  Glasgow  for  Lectures  in  Natural  Philosophy,  and  in 
every  branch  of  Knowledge. 

«  Erected  July  1796." 
The  above  is  copied  from  a  tablet  on  the  out- 
side of  the  wall  of  St.  David's  church,  Glasgow. 


"dOMXNUS    EEGNAVIT   A   LIGNO." 

(2"<»  S.  viii.  470.) 

If  B.  H.  C.  will  consult  "S.  Bible  en  Latin  et 
en  Fran9ois,  avec  des  Notes  tirees  de  Calmet. 
De  Vence,"  &c.  vol.  vii.  p.  283.  (edit.  Paris,  1770, 
in  17  vols.  4to.),  he  will  find  an  excellent  disser- 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


517 


tation  "  sur  ces  paroles  du  Paeaume  xcv.  v.  10., 
'  Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno.'  "  The  question  is 
argued  at  length,  Whether  those  words  were 
omitted  by  the  Jews  or  added  by  the  Christians. 
In  closing  a  long  controversy  on  the  subject,  the 
editor  is  of  opinion  that  those  words  were  origi- 
nally written  in  the  margin  by  way  of  annotation, 
and  inserted  in  the  text  by  some  copyist. 

The  following  collations  may  assist  B.  H.  C. :  — 

De  Lyjra,  Alia  litera.    Regnavit  "k  ligno. 

Quincuplex  Psalterium,  Regnavit  \  ligno  is  in 
the  text  of  the  versions  called  "  Romanum,"  fo. 
144.,  and  Vetus,  fo.  269.,  Paris.  H.  Stephens,  1509. 

Polyglot  Psalter,  P.  P.  Porrus,  1516,  marginal 
note,  "  Quod  legit  in  Romana  psalmodia,"  "reg- 
nauit  a  ligno  Deus,  non  est  de  hebraica  ueritate 
sed  Christiana  deuotione  ut  arbitror  additum." 

Le  Fevre,  in  his  first  French  version  from  the 
Vulgate,  1530,  "  Le  Seigneur  dieu  a  regne."  It 
is  the  same  in  the  "Bible  Historiee,"  1487,  by 
Verard. 

I  have  examined  ten  fine  MS.  Vulgate  Bibles, 
and  two  beautiful  Psalters  in  my  library,  but  can- 
not discover  the  words  "  \  ligno  "  in  any  of  them. 

George  Offok. 

Hackney. 

The  interpolation  ^^ a  ligno'"  may  well  be  termed 
"  celeberrimum  additamentum"  (De  Rossi,  Var. 
Led.  V.  T.)  ;  for  few  various  readings  have  ex- 
cited more  earnest  discussion  amongst  mediaeval 
critics. 

1.  Of  the  questions  proposed  by  your  corre- 
spondent, the  first  is,  "What  account  can  be 
given  of  the  introduction  of  the  words  d  ligno,  as 
part  of  the  sacred  record"  (Dominus  regnavit 
a  ligno,  Ps.  xcv.  10.,  Heb.  and  Eng.  xcvi.  10.)  ? 
Le  Moyne  has  suggested  that  the  Hebrew  word 
in  Gi*eek  characters,  ixets  (of  old,  or  from  eter- 
nity), was  mistaken  for  fleers  (a  ligno),  and  that 
thus  the  reading  a  ligno  crept  in.  This  expla- 
nation has  been  pooh-pooh'd  ;  but  it  really  seems 
to  be  the  simplest  way  of  accounting  for  the 
blunder.  Thus  in  Psalm  xciii.  2.  we  read  the 
parallel  passage,  "  Thy  throne  is  established  of 
old "  (flies),  where  "  Thy  throne  is  established  a 
ligno  "  might  be  easily  substituted. 

2.  Who  is  the  earliest  Father  who  quoted  in 
this  form  (d  ligno)  ?  The  words  are  found  in 
TertuMisin,  Adv.  Marc.  cap.  xix,,  "Age  nunc,  si 
legisti  penes  David  (Ps.  xcv.  10.),  Dominus  reg- 
navit a  ligno;"  also  Adv.  Jud.  cap.  x.,  and  cf. 
cap.  xiii.  They  occur,  too,  in  Justin  Martyr 
(Dial,  cum  Try  ph.,  ed.  Thirl  by,  pp.  294-5.)  who 
taxes  the  Jews  with  suppressing  them  !  Elpijixtvov 
yap  Tov  \6yov,  EtnaTe  iv  toIs  fOveffiy,  6  Kvptos  iSaai- 
\evaep  a/jrh  tov  ^v\ov,  apriKav,  ElfiraTe  iv  ToTy  ^Qf^ffiv,  6 
Kvpios  i§a(Ti\evj-ev.  And,  what  is  still  more  re- 
markable, the  reading  appears  to  be  recognised  in 
the  epistle  attributed  to  S.  Barnabas  :  on  ^  /8a«rt- 


\eta  TOV  'Ir/eroO  iirl  r§  ^v\<fi.     (S.S.  Pat.  Apost.  Op. 
Gen.,  1746,  L  36.) 

3.  The  Vulgate  has  simply  "  Dicite  in  Gen- 
tibus,  quia  Dominus  regnavit."  But  the  Versio 
Antiqua,  which  is  supposed  to  have  been  made  in 
the  first  century  of  the  Christian  aera,  has  "  Dicite 
in  Gentibus,  Dominus  regnavit  d  ligno." 

How  shall  we  account  for  the  very  early  ap- 
pearance of  the  reading  a  ligno?  Perhaps  we 
must  come  to  Cassiodorus,  who,  writing  in  the 
sixth  century,  says,  "  A  ligno  alii  quidem  non 
habent  translatores ;  sed  nobis  sufficit  quod  Sep- 
TUAGiNTA  Inteepketom  auctoritate  firmatum  est." 
(Ed.  Migne,  vol.  ii.  col.  680.)  Possibly  then  there 
still  existed,  at  the  period  when  Cassiodorus  wrote, 
some  copies  or  copy  of  the  LXX.  which  counte- 
nanced the  old  reading  a  ligno.  Yet  could  any 
such  copy  be  authentic  ? 

De  Rossi  says  that  the  reading  is  confirmed  by 
the  "  Psalterium  Grcecum  Veronense."  Is  anything 
now  known  of  this  Greek  Psalter  ? 

Thomas  Bots. 


It  appears  that  these  words  are  a  translation 
of  the  original  text  of  the  Septuagint ;  and  as  the 
Latin  Church,  until  the  time  of  St.  Jerome,  used 
no  versions  of  the  H.  Scriptures  but  those  trans- 
lated from  the  Septuagint,  the  adoption  of  the  text 
above  quoted  by  the  ancient  Latin  Fathers  can 
be  accounted  for.  The  Septuagint,  indeed,  as  we 
now  have  it,  gives  only  the  words  'O  Kvpios  i§affi- 
Xfv(re'  but  the  text,  it  seems,  is  incomplete.  Per- 
haps the  following  commentary  by  Tirinus  will 
satisfy  your  correspondent ;  it  is,  though  short, 
comprehensive,  and  meets,  as  far  as  it  goes,  all  his 
three  Queries :  — 

"  Dominus  regnavit^  scilicet  ci  ligno ;  et  licet  hoc  non 
sit  in  Hebraeo,  tamea  addiderunt  LXX  Spiritu  proplietico 
plusquam  200  annis  ante  adventum  Christi:  et  veteres 
Patrea  sic  legerunt,  Justinus  Martyr,  TertuUiaaus,  Cy- 
prianus,  Lactantius,  Arnobius,  Augustinus,  Cassiodorus, 
et  Psalterium  vetus  Romanum  et  Gothicum.  Ex  nostris 
LXX  interpretum  exemplaribus  id  sustulerunt  Judsei, 
asmuli  Crucis  Cliristi  (inquit  Justinus  contra  Typhon.) 
vel  alii  quidam  scioli,  cum  id  in  Hebraeo  non  reperirent. 
Sensus  ergo  est,-  quod  Claristus,  non  vi  et  armis,  non  etiara 
sanguinis  successione,  aut  publica  universi  electione,  con- 
sequetur  regnum  suum,  sed  a  ligno,  id  est,  per  et  post  lig- 
num, seu  merito  mortis  sute  in  ligno  Crucis  toleratae." 

The  idea,  moreover,  was  familiar  to  the  primi- 
tive church,  as  is  evident  from  the  ancient  litur- 
gies. Thus,  down  to  the  present  day,  the  Catholic 
chui'ch  in  the  very  ancient  Preface  appointed  to 
be  sung  during  the  time  of  the  Passion,  thus  ad- 
dresses the  heavenly  Father :  — 

"  Qui  salutem  humani  generis  in  ligno  Crucis  consti- 
tuisti ;  ut  unde  mors  oriebatur,  inde  vita  resurgeret ;  et 
qui  in  ligno  vincebat,  in  ligno  quoque  vinceretur  per 
Christum  Dominum  nostrum," 

I  should  like  also  to  quote  some  beautiful  pas- 
sages to  the  same  effect  from  the  ancient  Sacra- 
mentarium  Gallicanum,  QditQd  by  Mabillon  in  his 


518 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24,  '69. 


Museum  Italiciim,  but  I  am  unwilling  to  encroach 
on  your  space. 

In  fine,  it  is  the  idea  of  St.  Paul,  Colossians,  c. 
ii.  vers.  14  and  15.  John  Williams. 

Arno's  Court. 


The  hymn  "  Vexilla  Regis "  is  incorrectly 
printed  in  this  Query.  The  second  line  should  be 
"  David  fideli  (not  fidelis)  carmine."  And  now  to 
the  three  Queries  of  B.  H.  C. 

1.  The  introduction  of  the  words  a  ligno  will 
be  accounted  for  by  the  answer  to  the  following 
Query. 

2.  The  earliest  Father  who  refers  to  the  expres- 
sion is  a  very  early  one  indeed,  St.  Justin,  who 
was  martyred  in  the  year  167.  In  his  dialogue 
with  the  Jew  Trypho,  he  complains  of  the  Jews 
having  removed  the  words  a  ligno  from  the 
Psalm  xcv.  10.,  leaving  only  the  words  Dovii- 
nus  regnavit.  Koi  curb  rod  ivfvriKocrTov  wff^irTov 
'VaAfj.ov  Twv  Sta  Aa§l5  Aexflei'TWj'  Xoywv,  \4^ns  ffpci- 
Xf^as  acpeiKoyTO  ravrus,  Airb  rod  ^vAov,  lo  this 
Tryphon  made  no  other  answer  than  :  "  Whether, 
as  you  assert,  the  princes  of  the  people  have  taken 
away  any  thing  from  the  Scriptures,  God  knows." 

3.  It  does  not  appear  that  any  MSS.  of  the 
Latin  Vulgate  now  existing  contain  the  words  a 
ligno,  but  the  Fathers  Tertullian,  Lactantius,  and 
others,  read  them  ih  copies  extant  in  their  time  ; 
and  the  words  were  so  well  known  and  generally 
received,  that  the  Church  retained  them  in  the 
divine  office,  and  Fortunatus  in  the  sixth  cen- 
tury introduced  them  into  his  hymn,  Vexilla 
~  F.  C.  H. 


HENRY   LORD   POEB. 

(2"<»  S.  viii.  378.) 

In  replying  to  Abhba's  inquiry,  which  I  have 
only  just  seen  in  "  N.  &  Q.,"  I  believe  I  have 
already  answered  it  on  a  personal  application ;  as, 
however,  repeating  the  information  here  affords 
to  an  author  an  opportunity  for  the  puff  direct,  I 
must  not  miss  it.  Richard  Poer,  Viscount  Decies 
and  Earl  of  Tyrone  by  creation  of  1673,  ranked 
as  Colonel  of  Infantry  on  that  Army  List  of  King 
James  the  Second,  the  enlarged  edition  of  which 
shall  be  put  to  the  press  next  month,  not  for  ge- 
neral sale,  but  for  the  subscribers  only. 

This  John,  the  first  earl,  died  immediately  after 
the  fall  of  Limerick,  as  did  John,  his  son,  second 
earl,  in  1693,  unmarried;  when  the  honours  de- 
volved upon  his  brother ! James,  who,  having  mar- 
ried, died  in  1703,  leaving  a  daughter  his  only 
issue :  the  earldom  consequently  became  extinct 
in  that  line.  The  daughter.  Lady  Catherine 
Poer,  married  in  1717,  Sir  Marcus  Beresford,  who 
was  subsequently  created  Earl  of  Tyrone,  and  for- 
ther  raised  in  the  peerage,  in  1789,  to  the  Marqui- 
s*te  of  Waterford, 


In  1703,  the  year  of  Earl  James's  death,  a  peti- 
tion was  presented  to  Queen  Anne,  as  from  John 
Power,  "  commonly  called  Lord  Power,"  who  had 
been  Mayor  of  Limerick  during  the  celebrated 
siege,  but  was  then  an  exile  in  France,  setting 
forth  sundry  matters  to  vacate  an  outlawry.  The 
Henry  Power,  of  whom  Abhba  inquires,  appears 
to  have  been  son  of  this  John,  and  he  actually 
claimed  the  estates  of  Curraghmore,  &c.,  against 
Sir  Marcus  Beresford,  as  that  he,  the  claimant, 
was  the  next  heir  male  of  Lady  Catherine's  father. 
The  attempt  was,  however,  denounced  by  the 
Irish  Ilouse  of  Commons  as  "  bold  and  dangerous." 
In  the  Civil  Establishment  of  1727,  the  name  of 
this  Henry  Power,  as  "  commonly  called  Lord 
Power,"  appears  for  a  pension  of  550Z.  per  ann. 
He  died  in  1742,  and  was  buried  at  Ringsend  as 
stated  by  Abhba. 

I  cannot  resign  the  place  to  which  Abhba's 
Query  has  called  me  without  adding,  that  besides 
Colonel  Richard,  the  Earl,  John  Power  was  a 
Lieut.-Colonel  in  Lord  Kilmallock's  Infantry. 
Four  peers  were  colonels  of  the  regiments  of 
horse,  two  of  the  dragoons,  and  eighteen  of  the 
infantry  ;  while  the  captains  and  subalterns  of  all 
the  force  were  no  less  distinguished  in  rank  and 
respectability.  Lord  Macaulay,  in  his  recently 
published  History  (vol.  iii.  pp.  155.  and  418.),  has 
described  the  officers  of  this  service  as  ^'■coblers, 
tailors,  but$hers,  footmen,"  8fc.  My  monster  volume 
(1500  pages)  will  have  memoirs  or  notices  o^  each 
of  these  adherents  of  the  Stuarts,  and  I  confidently 
rely  that  his  lordship  cannot  discover  one  as  of 
the  ranks  to  which  he  would  lower  them ;  what- 
ever trades  or  occupations  the  attainders  and  con- 
fiscations of  that  civil  war  may  have  forced  them 
into.  Dean  Swift  gives  sad  testimony  to  their  de- 
cadence in  the  time  of  Queen  Anne. 

John  D'Alton. 

48.  Summer  Hill,  Dublin. 


As  the  inquiry  of  Abhba  has  failed  to  elicit  any 
information  with  regard  to  the  personage  called 
Henry  Lord  Power,  I  may  perhaps  be  permitted 
to  call  his  attention  to  the  following  fact.  To- 
wards the  end  of  the  last  century  Baron  Power,  a 
distinguished  judge  on  the  Irish  Bench,  and 
Usher  to  the  Court  of  Chancery,  received  an 
order  to  appear  in  court  to  answer  certain  charges 
made  against  him  in  reference  to  the  contest  be- 
tween the  Duke  of  Chandos  and  his  tenants.  The 
baron  refused  or  rather  hesitated  to  obey  this 
order,  which  had  been  issued  by  Lord  Chancellor 
Fitzgibbon,  alleging  his  station  as  a  judge,  and 
his  holding  a  seat  with  the  Chancellor  in  the  Ex- 
chequer, as  reasons  for  his  refusal.  The  Chancel- 
lor was,  however,  peremptory  in  his  order,  and 
fixed,  a  certain  day  on  which  Baron  Power  should 
appear  in  court.  The  baron  brooded  over  this, 
and  some  days  before  the  time  fixed  for  his  trial 


2»"»  S.  VIII.  Dkc.  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


519 


went  out  as  if  for  a  ride,  and  proceeding  to  the 
end  of  the  South  Wall,  one  of  the  piers  of  the  harbour 
of  Dublin,  committed  suicide  by  drowning  himself. 
His  body  was  picked  up  on  the  Strand  below 
Ringsend,  and  was  probably  buried  in  the  chapel 
of  that  village.  Might  not  this  Baron  Power, 
found  drowned  close  to  Ringsend,  be  the  person- 
age known  to  Abhba  as  Lord  Power  who  was 
buried  in  Ringsend  church  ? 

C.  Le  Poee  Kennedt. 
St.  Albans. 


SKELMUFEKY. 

(2"-^  S.  viii.  431.) 
The  title  of  the  book  is  :  — 
_  "  SchelmufFskys  wahrhaftige  curiose  und  sehr  gefahr- 
liclie  Reisebeschreibung  zu  Wasser  und  Lande,  erster 
Theil,  und  zwar  die  allervollcommeneste  und  accurateste 
I'Mition,  in  hochdeutscher  Frau  Mutter  Sprache,  eigen- 
haftig  und  sehr  artig  an  den  Tag  gegeben,  von  E.  S. 
gedruckt  in  Schelmerode  in  diesera  Jahr."    8vo.  pp.  160. 

The  second  part  is :  "  Gedruckt  in  Padua  eine 
halbe  Stunde  von  Rom,  bey  Peter  Marteau,  in 
diesem  Jahr,"  pp.  104. 

There  may  be  a  covert  satire  in  this  book  which 
the  King  of  Prussia  found  out,  though  to  me  it 
seems  extravagant  and  pointless.  I  supposed 
that  tbe  fictitious  places,  date,  and  printer  were 
traps,  as  our  disreputable  booksellers  fold  over 
the  most  decent  part  of  a  loose  frontispiece,  and  I 
almost  suspect  that  the  note  about  the  author's 
imprisonment  was  a  pufl'  collusive  of  an  unsale- 
able work.  I  have  not  seen  the  translation,  but 
"  thrice  deceived  "  in  the  poem  shows  that  a  third 
part  was  published  as  promised  at  p.  84.  of  the 
second.  I  have  a  copy  which  contains  only  the 
first  and  second.  At  the  end  of  the  second  is  a 
copious  index  to  both. 

The  "nosing"  of  John  de  Bart  occurred,  as 
Schelmuffsky,  on  board  a  Spanish  ship,  was 
chased  by  the  great  corsair  (caper)  Hans  Barth. 
The  Spaniards  would  not  fight :  — 

"Ich  war  nun  mit  meinem  vortreflichen  Hau-Degen 
welches  ein  RUckenstreicher  war,  auch  nicht  langsam 
heraus  und  liber  die  Capers  mit  her.  Da  hatte  man  sollen 
schon  hauen  und  fechten  sehen,  wie  ich  auf  die  Kerl 
hinein  hieb,  den  Hans  Barthe  sebelte  ich  derTebelhol- 
mer  ein  StUcke  von  seiner  grossen  Nase  weg,  dass  er  weit 
in  die  See  hinein  flog,  und  wird  die  Stunde  noch  bey  ihm 
zu  sehen  seyn,  dass  er  eine  strumpfHgte  Nase  hat,"  i.  147. 

He  killed  fifteen  corsairs,  but,  being  unsup- 
ported, was  taken  prisoner  and  carried  into  St. 
Malo,  whence,  after  much  suffering,  he  got  back 
to  his  mother,  "ragged  and  dirty  "  (i.  160.). 

His  visit  to  the  Great  Mogul  is  told  at  i.  119. 

On  landing  in  India  he  inquired  for  the  Great 
Mogul,  and  was  directed  to  the  residence  at  Agra 
about  a  league  off  {eine  Stunde  hin).  He  was  well 
received,  pressed  to  stay,  and  on  departing  the 
Great  Mogul's  portrait  was  hung  by  a  golden 
chain  round  his  neck. 


In  the  second  part  he  tells  how  he  visited  Ve- 
nice, Rome,  and  other  places  to  the  great  increase 
of  his  importance;  but  in  passing  through  the 
Black  Forest  he  was  robbed  and  stripped,  and  so 
obliged  to  beg  his  way  home  again,  "  ragged  and 
dirty"  (ii.  84.). 

Returning  from  India  Schelmuffsky  visited 
London,  and  put  up  at  "  The  Alamode  Topfer's," 
near  the  gate.  He  staid  in  England  three  years  ; 
Lord  Toffel's  daughter  fell  in  love  with  him  ; 
and  he  saw  Jacob's  stone,  and  an  axe  which  had 
cut  off  the  heads  of  many  great  persons,  whose 
names  he  could  not  remember. 

In  Rome  he  kissed  the  Pope's  toe,  of  which  he 
speaks  in  a  very  Protestant  manner.  Hearing 
that  Hans  Barth  was  off  the  mouth  of  the  Tyber, 
where  he  had  robbed  a  fishing-vessel  (^Drech- 
schute)  of  forty  tons  of  herrings,  Schelmuffsky 
took  the  command  of  the  ship,  attacked  Hans 
Barth,  and  held  him  under  water  by  the  ears  till 
he  was  almost  drowned  and  his  ship  emptied ; 
and  afterwards  wrote  an  epigram  upon  him  which 
seems  less  punishing  than  the  ducking. 

This  is  enough  to  show  that  the  book  which  I 
have  described  is  that  to  which  the  author  of  The 
Republic  refers  ;  but  there  are  chronological  difli- 
culties  in  the  way  of  its  having  given  offence  to 
the  King  of  Prussia.  The  paper  and  print  look 
old,"  but  that  is  no  certain  test  in  German  books. 
I  do  not  find  any  direct  means  of  fixing  the 
date;  but  at  ii.  83.  is  a  letter  from  Schelmuffsky's 
mother  dated  "Schelmerode,  1  Januari,  1621." 
Prussia  was  made  a  kingdom  in  1700.  Jean  Bart 
was  born  in  1651,  and  died  in  1702. 

Possibly  a  modernised  edition  may  have  been 
published,  and  the  translation  made  from  it. 
Having  answered  F.'s  Quei-y  as  far  as  my  means 
allow,  I  shall  be  much  pleased  if  any  other  corre- 
spondent of  "  N.  &  Q."  can  supply  what  is  want- 
ing, especially  the  date  of  any  editions  of  the  ori- 
ginal, and  of  the  translation.  Fitzhopkins. 

Garrick  Club. 

The  epigram  on  Hans  Barth  is  :  — 

"  Es  mag  der  Rauber  Barth  mit  seinen  Capers  prangen, 
Wie  er  auf  wilder  Fluth  viel  Beute  sich  gemacht, 
So  wird  er  doch  den  Rubra  bei  weiten  nicht  erlangen, 
Als  wie  durch  Reisen  es  Schelmuffsky  hoch  gebrachL" 


DE.  HEWETT  S    SON. 


(2°''  S.  viii.  391.  455.) 

I  have  much  pleasure  in  responding  to  Mb. 
Denton's  request  concerning  the  family  of  Dr. 
John  Hewytt,  although  I  am  surprised  at  none  of 
your  correspondents  having  mentioned  the  fol- 
lowing works  as  containing  notices  of  this  divine  : 
Winstanley's  Loyal  Martyrologia  (ed.  1665), 
Lloyd's  Mejnoires,  and  Lloyd's  State  Worthies. 


520 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"4  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '69. 


The  first  of  these  works  contains  his  portrait, 
as  does  also  a  broadside  entitled  State  Martyro- 
logy,  published  May  23,  1660. 

It  appears  he  was  of  a  Norfolk  family,  was 
educated  at  Cambridge,  and  became  chaplain  to 
the  Earl  of  Lindsay,  whose  sister  he  married. 
The  notorious  Frontless  Lisle  condemned  him, 
and  he  was  executed  June  8,  1658.  His  widow 
after  his  decease  married  Sir  Abraham  Shipman. 

A  letter  signed  S.  Moreland,  dated  Whitehall, 
27  May,  1658,  states:— 

"  Our  high  Court  of  Justice  sits  to-morrow  upon  one 
Dr.  Huet,  a  notorious  Cavaleer,  but  those  who  should  be 
the  greatest  evidences  against  him  are  lately  broke  out  of 
prison." 

I  have  a  memorandum  that  Marvell's  State 
Poemn  also  contain  some  allusions  to  him. 

In  the  State  Paper  Office  there  are  extant  two 
petitions  of  John  Hewytt,  who  calls  himself  "  the 
sole  surviving  son  and  child  of  the  late  murthered 
John  Hewytt,  Doctor  in  Divinity,"  written  pro- 
bably about  four  or  five  years  after  the  Restoration, 
as  he  alludes  to  a  grant  of  a  pension  of  lOOZ.  made 
him  by  the  king  "  about  four  years  since."  He 
sets  forth  therein  that  he  was  put  to  considerable 
charges  in  soliciting  the  same,  for  which,  being  in 
indigent  circumstances,  he  had  to  rely  upon  his 
friends.  Having  nothing  to  depend  upon  but 
the  said  pension,  of  the  which  no  part  has  been  yet 
received,  and  being  encumbered  with  a  wife  and 
two  small  children,  he  admits  that  he  is  greatly 
in  debt,  and  desires  payment  of  the  same,  with 
arrears,  as  he  wants  to  return  the  borrowed 
money.  There  is  also  a  petition  of  the  son  of 
the  above  (grandson  to  Dr.  John  Hewytt),  who 
styles  himself  John  Hewytt,  student,  in  which  he 
alludes  to  the  sufferings  of  his  grandfather  under 
the  Usurper.  It  further  shows  that  his  parents 
are  dead,  and  that  he  has  no  means  to  go  on  with 
his  university  studies.  He  craves  therefore  "  some 
peice  of  charitable  benevolence  towards  y*  pre- 
.  sent  releiving  of  his  necessities,  settling  and  main- 
tenance of  him  at  the  university." 

I  think  it  highly  probable  that  I  may  be  in  a 
position  to  furnish  some  additional  matter  in  a 
future  number  of  "  N.  &  Q."  Cl.  Hopper. 


I  believe  the  following  information,  which  I  have 
gleaned  from  the  Records  of  the  Exchequer  and  of 
the  Treasury,  will  furnish  some  answer  to  the  in- 
quiry of  the  Rev.  William  Denton  relative  to 
the  son  of  Dr.  Hewet  mentioned  in  "  N.  &  Q." 
Dr.  Barwick,  in  1660,  presents  a  petition,  praying, 
among  other  things,  that  "  the  fatherless  son  "  of 
Dr.  Hewett's  widow  might  have  some  place  given 
him  :  soon  after  this,  viz.  on  the  19th  February, 
13  Car.  II.,  letters  patent  were  issued  whereby 
the  king,  "  in  consideracon  of  the  faithful!  ser- 
vice to  us  done  and  pformed  by  John  Hewyt, 
Doctor  in  Divinity,  deceased,  and  for  other  con- 


sideracons  "  granted  to  "  o'  welbeloved  sub- 
ject John  Hewyt,  sonn  of  the  said  Doctor  John 
Hewyt,  deceased,"  an  annuity  of  lOOZ.  per  annum 
for  his  life.  {Exchequer  Records ;  Pell's  Patent 
Book,  No.  13.  p.  140.) 

Some  few  years  after  the  date  of  this  patent, 
the  payments  of  Hewytt's  pension  would  appear 
to  have  been  suspended  for  some  reason  that  I 
cannot  discover ;  for  on  consulting  the  Minute 
Books  of  H.  M.  Treasury,  I  find  these  entries :  — 

"  Tuesday  26  Nov.  1667.  Son  of  D'".  Hewit,  to  be 
payd  —  a  warr*." 

"  Wednesday,  7  October,  1668.  John  Hewit's  Peticon 
to  be  moved  in  Councell  to  pay  him  lOQi',  &  that  his 
Pension  may  be  p'^  for  y«  future." 

The  Issue  Books  of  the  Exchequer  would  show 
all  the  payments  of  the  pension,  and  how  long 
they  continued.  William  Henry  Hart. 

Folkestone  House,  Roupell  Park, 
Streatham. 


Arithmetical  Notation  (2°^  S.  viii.  411.460.).— In 
the  MS.  from  which  the  extract  thus  headed  was 
transcribed,  it  is  perfectly  clear  that  the  word 
compotus  is  not  a  contraction  of  compositus,  nor  of 
anything  else.  It  is  extremely  improbabTfe  that 
so  serious  a  mistake  as  the  substitution  of  an  un- 
extended  for  an  extended  form  in  a  professedly  ex- 
tended transcript  of  a  cleai-ly- written  MS.  should 
have  been  made  by  any  person  possessing  even 
the  most  elementary  acquaintance  with  palaeo- 
graphy, and  a  second  reference  to  the  MS.  has 
perfectly  satisfied  me  that  no  such  mistake  has  been 
committed  by  me.  The  same  remarks  apply  to  the 
word  computa,  which  commences  the  extract ;  it  is 
decidedly  not  a  contracted  form  of  any  other  word 
in  the  present  instance.  But  for  the  assertion  of 
Professor  De  Morgan,  whose  authority  in  these 
matters  is  deservedly  very  high,  I  should  have 
been  inclined  to  think  that  compottus,  or  some 
such  form,  would  have  been  a  much  more  probable 
MS.  contraction  of  compositus  than  compotus  with- 
out any  mark  of  abbreviation. 

With  regard  to  the  meaning  of  compotus,  which 
is  perhaps  a  corruption  o{  computus,  a  very  common 
interpretation,  common  enough  indeed  to  be  called 
the  usual  meaning,  is  "  an  account  of  money." 

H.  F. 

Mr.  Willett,  Pictures  purchased  by,  Sfc.  (2°^  S. 
viii.  308.  337.  443.) — It  may  be  interesting  to 
your  correspondents,  as  above,  to  be  furnished  with 
some  authentic  particulars  on  the  points  adverted 
to  by  them. 

Ralph  Willett  died  at  Merly  House  in  January, 
1795,  and  was  succeeded  by  his  paternal  cousin 
John  Willett  Adye  (afterwards  styled  J.  W.  Wil- 
lett,  whose  town  residence    was    in   Grosvenor 


2«<&  VIII.Dkc.24.'69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


531 


Square).  The  collection  of  pictures  (containing 
specimens  originally  purchased  out  of  the  Orleans 
Gallery,  one  or  more  of  which  are  now  in  the  Na- 
tional Collection)  was  disposed  of  by  auction  by 
Peter  Coxe  &  Co.  on  31st  May,  1813,  and  two 
following  days.  A  priced  catalogue  in  my  pos- 
session has  the  following  autograph  mem. :  "  This 
catalogue  was  made  by  me  Geo.  Stanley."  One 
or  two  of  the  pictures  were  bought  in  ;  amongst 
them  a  very  fine  specimen  of  Paul  Potter,  origi- 
nally purchased  in  Holland  by  Ralph  Willett. 
The  fine  library  was  sold  about  the  same  time  by 
Leigh  and  Sotheby  &  Co.  (Dec.  6,  1813.) 

The  second  surviving  son  of  J.  W.  Willett,  viz. 
Henry  Ralph  Willett,  died  in  the  Albany  exactly 
two  years  ago.  His  valuable  collection  of  coins 
were,  as  I  have  heard,  disposed  of  about  the  year 
1826.  He  left,  however,  at  his  death  a  few  cabi- 
nets of  miscellaneous  coins,  including  a  complete 
assortment  of  Pope's  medals,  which  fetched  high 
prices  at  Sotheby's  on  April  24,  1858.  He  seems 
to  have  shown  much  judgment  in  forming  a  col- 
lection of  pictures,  the  whole  of  which  are  now  at 
Merly,  embracing  about  twenty-six  pictures  and 
sketches  by  Hogarth,  two  specimens  of  Albert 
Durer,  together  with  the  fine  Paul  Potter  above- 
named. 

WiLLKTT  L.   AdTE. 

Merly  House,  Dorset 

William  Andrew  Price  (2"*  S.  ii.  466. ;  viii. 
379.) — Although  Glwtsig  failed  to  obtain  replies 
to  his  former  Queries  as  to  the  above,  if  J.  F.  C. 
will  communicate  his  private  address  to  Glwtsig, 
with  his  Queries,  very  probably  Glwtsig  may 
be  able  to  furnish  some  replies  to  J.  F.  C,  and 
be  the  means  of  some  correspondence  thereon. 

Glwtsig. 
Glannant  y  Llan,  Llanflfwyst, 
Abergavenny. 

Malabar  Jews  (2"^  S.  iv.  429.;  viii.  232.  418.) 
— Mb.  J.  H.  Van  Lennep,  to  his  reply  (2"'*  S.  viii. 
418.)  adds  an  extract  from  the  Literary  Gazette 
for  1832  on  "  The  Jews  of  Thibet."  The  fol- 
lowing is  from  Baron  Haxenthausen's  Tribes  of 
the  Caucasus. 

"  The  Ancient  or  Black  Jews  are  scattered  over  the  in- 
terior of  Asia  from  China  to  the  Caspian  Sea ;  but  their 
chief  seat  is  at  Bokhara,  where  they  reside  in  great  num- 
bers, having  a  mysterious  political  organisation  under 
native  princes.  There  is  hardly  any  doubt  of  their  being 
descendants  of  the  lost  ten  tribes." 

Whether  there  is  any  ground  for  the  baron's 
theory  respecting  the  lost  ten  tribes  or  not,  I 
should  think  it  extremely  probable  that  Malabar 
had  at  some  time  been  colonised  by  the  Jews  of 
Asia.  G.  W.  P. 

Triforium  (2''-^  S.  iv.  269.)  — I  do  not  know 
whether  the  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q."  who 
have  written  articles  in  elucidation  of  this  refrac- 


tory word,  are  aware  that  it  appears  in  some  old 
writers,  bearing  a  sense  manifestly  different  from, 
though  possibly  connected  with  that  to  which  their 
articles  refer.  In  Warton's  History  of  English 
Poetry,  vol.  ii.  p.  432.  (1824  edition),  an  extract 
from  La  Lai  du  Corn  is  given.  It  commences 
thus  :  — 

" .        .        .        Un  dauncel 

Mout  avenaunt  et  bel, 

Seur  un  cheval  corant, 

En  palleis  vint  craunt. 

En  sa  main  tint  un  Cor 

A  quatre  bendel  de  or, 

Ci  com  etoit  diveure 

Entaillez  de  ad  trifure." 

Thus  translated :  —  "He  bore  in  his  hand  a 
horn  having  four  bandages  of  gold ;  it  was  made 
of  ivory,  engraved  with  trifoire."  In  explanation 
of  trifoire,  the  editor  supplies  the  following  note  : 

"  Or  rather  trifore,  undoubtedly  from  the  Latin  tri- 
forium, a  rich  ornamented  edge  or  border.  The  Latin 
often  occurs,  under  Dugdale's  Inventory  of  St.  Paul's,  in 
the  Monasticon,  namely  '  Morsus  (a  buckle)  W.  de  Ely, 
argenteus,  cresta  ejus  argentea,  cum  triforio  exterius 
aureo  et  lapillis  insitis,  &c.'  (Tom.  iii.  Eccl.  Cath.  p. 
309.")  • 

The  note  continues,  but  as  it  is  to  the  same 
effect,  and  as  Warton's  book  is  readily  met  with, 
I  need  not  give  more  than  the  above.  I  confess 
I  do  not  see  how  it  explains  the  triforium  in 
question.  The  correspondents  of  "  N.  &  Q." 
may  discern  a  connexion,  though  I  cannot.    J.  P. 

Francis  Pole  (2"*  S.  viii.  451.)  —  This  gentle- 
man served  the  office  of  sheriff"  for  Derbyshire 
in  1707,  and  a  pedigree  in  Glover's  Derbyshire 
states  that  he  died  in  1758,  aged  seventy-two, 
"  one  of  the  greatest  book-collectors  of  his  time  ;  " 
but  the  year  is  certainly  wrong,  for  I  have  before 
me  a  document  dated  1  Feb.  1750,  in  which  he  is 
mentioned  as  then  deceased.  Probably  a  refer- 
ence to  the  Gentleman^ s  Magazine  for  1748  or  9 
might  satisfy  W.  J.  P.'s  curiosity';  but  I  cannot 
think  Mr.  Pole  deserves  the  name  applied  to  him, 
from  the  circumstance  of  a  mastiff's  collar  being 
found  upon  the  premises  of  a  house  of  ill  repute 
more  than  a  century  after  his  death.  W.  St. 

Owenson  the  Player  (2°^  S.  viii.  416.) — 

"  Lady  Morgan's  father,  Owenson,  was  the  favourite 
Pan  of  the  Irish  stage,  and  he  performed  it  with  great 
applause  so  late  as  1807." 

So  says  the  writer  of  some  remarks  on  Kane 
O'Hara's  Midas,  prefixed  to  the  copy  of  that  bur- 
letta  contained  in  Cumberland's  British  Theatre. 

W.  H.  Husk. 

Ephemeral  Literature  (2°^  S.  viii.  131.  196.)  — 
The  author  of  the  essays  inquired  after  by  J.  J. 
does  not  live  where  pointed  out  by  Ma.  Septimus 
PiESSE,  but  the  former  may  obtain  all  required 
information  by  addressing  as  below.  J.  C.  F. 

3.  Myrtle  Street,  Queen's  Road,  Dalston. 


522 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2"  S.  VIII.  Dec.  24.  '59. 


The  Battiscomhe  Family  (2°^  S.  viii.  453.)  — 
Writing  from  memory,  away  from  books  and 
papers,  I  yet  think  I  can  safely  inform  Me.  A.  S. 
Ellis,  that  Christopher  Battiscombe  had  a  brother 
Peter,  who  was  M.P.  for  either  Lyme  or  Bridport. 
The  property  of  Vere  Wotton,  and  some  other 
property  in  Dorsetshire,  passed  (upon  Peter  Bat- 
tiscombe's  death)  to  a  Mrs.  Sansom,  who  was 
probably  also  one  of  the  Battiscombe  family. 
Who  this  lady's  husband  was,  I  am  uncertain ; 
but  in  the  Bury  accounts,  preserved  among  the 
Gough  MSS.,  a  family  of  the  name  of  Sansom  (or 
Sampson)  is  frequently  mentioned,  as  having 
charge  of  the  sequestration  of  the  tithes  of  Sher- 
borne Abbey,  and  other  property  belonging  to 
the  Earl  of  Bristol.  Thomas  Sansom  also  appears 
to  have  taken  some  part  in  the  siege  of  Sherborne 
Castle.  They  probably  lived  at  a  place  (still 
called  after  their  name)  in  the  parish  of  Milborne 
Port.  There  was  also  a  Thomas  Sampson,  who 
gave  evidence  in  the  Tyrone  rebellion,  who  was  a 
native  of  Sherborne.  If  the  Battiscombe  pro- 
perty did  not  pass  to  a  member  of  this  Milborne 
Port  family,  it  is  possible  the  lady  may  have 
married  into  a  family  of  the  same  name  at  Coly- 
ton  in  Devonshire,  of  whom  some  account  may 
be  found  in  Sir  W.  Pole's  MSS.,  and  who  may  be 
conjectured  to  be  another  branch  of  the  same 
family.  B.  S.  J. 

Meaning  of  the  Word  "  End "  as  applied  to 
Places  (2"'>  S.  viii.  432.)  — In  Hampshire  on  the 
borders  of  Berks  is  the  extensive  and  picturesque 
parish  of  East  Woodhay,  with  a  very  scattered 
population.  Portions  of  the  parish  are  known  by 
the  names  of  East-End,  North-End,  Heath-End, 
Highclere-End,  &c.,  according  to  their  situation  ; 
the  first  being  east,  and  the  second  north,  of  the 
ancient  village  of  Wydhey  (now  called  Wood- 
■  hay)  ;  Heath-End,  that  part  on  or  near  the  Heath, 
and  Highclere-End  that  part  adjoining  the  parish 
ofHighclere.  W.  H.  W.  T. 

Imitation  of  Claudian  (2°'*  S.  viii.  495.)  —  This 
is  the  imitation  of  part  only  of  the  beautiful 
second  epigram,  "  The  Old  Man  of  Verona."  The 
lines  alluded  to  are  9 — 12  :  — 

"...    vicinae  nescius  urbis, 
Adspectu  fruitur  liberiore  poli. 
Frugibus  altemis,  non  consule,  computat  amium ; 
Autumnum  pomis,  ver  sibi  flore  notat." 

A.  A. 
Poets'  Corner, 

Plough  (2"''  S.  viii.  431.) — Your  correspondent 
J.  G-.  L.  B.,  after  stating  that  in  the  Civil  Wars 
Lord  Feversham  commanded  the  constables  of 
Butleigh  to  provide  a  number  of  ploughs  for  the 
conveyance  of  ammunition,  adds  that  in  Somer- 
setshire waggons  are  still  vulgarly  called  ploughs  ; 
and  then  asks,  "  Is  this  use  of  the  word  general, 
and  how  did  it  originate  ?  " 


I  should  gather  from  J.  G.  L.  B.'s  own  words, 
that  it  is  not  general  even  in  Somersetshire ; 
and  certainly  it  is  not  general  elsewhere. 

But  in  old  times  the  words  were  synonymous. 
Caruca,  which  is  the  Latin  for  a  cart  or  carriage, 
is  also  the  law-Latin  for  a  plough  :  "  (Fr.  charrue), 
from  the  old  Gallic  ca7-r,  which  is  the  present 
Irish  word  for  any  sort  of  wheeled  carriage ; 
hence  charl  and  car,  a  plowman  or  rustic "  (vide 
Tomlins  iii  loco) ;  and  a  carucate,  a  plough  land, 
comprehended  as  "  great  a  portion  of  land  as 
might  be  tilled  in  a  year  and  a  day  by  one 
plough."  (Ibid.)  And  in  \hQ  Synonymorum  Sylva, 
rendered  from  the  Belgic  language  into  English 
by  H.  F.,  and  printed  at  London,  "  apud  Johan- 
nem  Billium,  1627,"  under  the  term  "  to  plow," 
the  reader  is  referred  to  "  to  carte.'"  P.  H.  F. 

Passage  in  Grotius  (2"<*  S.  viii.  453.)  —  The 
writer  of  a  very  able  review  of  Mr.  Emerson's 
"  Representative  Men  "  in  the  British  Quartei-ly 
Review  for  May,  1850,  has  made  the  following 
observations  upon  the  passage  -  in  Emerson  to 
which  your  correspondent  refers :  — 

"  It  is  no  disparagement  of  Mr.  Emerson's  learning  to 
remark  iu  passing  that  the  notion  which  he  derives  from 
Grotius  of  the  selections  in  the  petitions  in  the  Lord's 
Pra3'er  from  the  Rabbinical  forms  iu  use  in  the  time  of 
Christ,  is  one  of  those  fancies  which  melt  away  before  the 
light  of  larger  information.  The  simple  truth  is  that 
there  is  a  casual  resemblance  between  the  address, '  Our 
Father,'  with  the  first  two  petitions  and  some  miscel-. 
laneous  passages  industriously  fished  up  from  the  Talmud 
and  the  Book  Sohar,  but  the  closest  resemblances  are  found 
in  Jewish  prayers  which  are  not  older  than  the  middle 
ages." 

It  is  no  mean  argument,  upon  this  question, 
that  the  Jews  themselves  have  never  made  any 
claim  which  clashes  with  the  general  notion  of 
the  originality  of  the  Lord's  Prayer.         H.  C.  C. 

William  Marshall  (2"«  S.  viii.  431.)  — Some 
account  of  William  Marshall  (engraver)  and  his 
works  will  be  found  in  pages  74 — 78.  of  the  fifth 
vol.  of  Walpole's  Anecdotes  of  Painting,  §-c.  by 
Dallaway,  5  vols.  8vo.  London,  1828,  and  also  in 
Bryan's  Dictionary  of  Painters  and  Engravers, 

W.  H.  W.  T. 

Stratford  Family  (2'"»  S.  viii.  376.  477.)  —  Dr. 
William  Stratford,  Commissary  of  the  Archdea- 
conry of  Richmond,  was  born  at  Northampton  in 
1679,  and  was  the  nephew  of  Dr.  Nicholas  Strat- 
ford, Bishop  of  Chester.  At  an  early  period  of 
his  life  the  bishop  seems  to  have  adopted  and  be- 
friended him,  and  afterwards  made  him  his  secre- 
tary, in  which  office  he  was  continued  by  Bishops 
Dawes  and  Gastrell.  His  relationship  to  Lord 
Hardwicke  was  perhaps  not  very  close,  nor  are 
any  members  of  that  family  mentioned  amongst 
his  numerous  legatees.  Philip  Yorke  of  Dover, 
attorney-at-law  (father  of  the  Lord  Chancellor), 
married  Elizabeth,  daughter  and  heiress  of  Richard 


2°*  S.  VIII.  Dkc,  24.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


523 


Gibbon  of  Rolvenden,  gent.,  by  his  wife,  Deborah, 
daughter  of  Mr. Stratford.  The  precise  de- 
gree of  relationship  between  the  commissary  and 
the  last-named  lady  has  not  been  discovered. 
See  Notices  of  Dr.  William  Stratford  in  the  Rev. 
Canon  Raines's  Introduction  to  Bishop  GastrcWs 
Notitia  Cestriensis,  vol.  ii.  Part  ii.  pp.  ]iv.  et  seq., 
printed  for  the  Chetham  Society,  4to.  1850.  The 
editor  names  having  in  his  possession  many  of  Dr. 
Stratford's  unpublished  letters,  a  copy  of  his 
funeral  sermon,  and  a  privately  printed  account 
of  his  extensive  charities.  F. 

Death  Warrants  (2°'*  S.  viii.  433.)— In  answer  to 
your  correspondent  I  have  to  state  that  it  was  not 
the  custom  for  the  sovereign  to  sign  death  warrants. 
Prisoners  capitally  convicted  at  the  Old  Bailey 
were  reported  by  the  Recorder  of  London  to  the 
sovereign  in  council,  by  whom  each  case  was  se- 
parately considered,  and  in  those  instances  where 
the  sovereign  in  council  could  not  interfere,  the 
law  was  left  to  take  its  course,  the  Recorder  after- 
wards making  out  and  signing  and  sealing  the 
warrant  for  execution.  In  all  other  instances  where 
the  sovereign  could  interfere,  the  prisoners  were 
directed  to  be  transported  or  imprisoned  according 
to  circumstances. 

A  Statist  is  reminded  that  it  is  the  law  which 
condemns,  but  that  the  sovereign,  being  the  foun- 
tain of  mercy,  can  interpose,  by  the  advice  of  the 
council,  to  save  life. 

This  was  the  practice  prior  to  1837,  but  I  have 
been  informed  that  when  the  Queen  came  to  the 
throne  it  was  thought  desirable  to  discontinue 
these  reports,  cases  sometimes  arising  that  were 
unfit  to  be  reported  to  our  youthful  Queen. 

Should  your  correspondent  wish  to  see  the  form 
of  a  death  warrant  I  will  furnish  him,  through 
your  columns,  with  a  copy  of  one.       J.  Speed  D, 

Sewardstone. 

Seals  (2"*  S.  viii.  376.)  — The  seal  referred  to 
by  Aliquis  is  the  corporate  seal  of  the  ancient 
borough  of  Hedon  in  Yorkshire.  This  seal, 
although  dated  so  recently  as  1598,  is  no  doubt 
a  renewal  of  a  seal  of  a  much  older  date. 
The  device,  a  ship,  no  doubt  refers  to  the  period 
at  which  the  town  was  incorporated,  temp.  Ilenry 
II.,  which  is  confirmed  by  the  fact  that  the  seal 
of  the  borough  of  Scarborough  has  a  ship  of  a 
similar  form,  with  the  addition  of  a  watch  tower; 
the  borough  of  Scarborough  as  well  as  Hedon 
having  received  its  first  charter  of  incorporation 
fi'om  King  Henry  II.,  and  this  is  in  all  probability 
the  date  of  the  ancient  seal.  The  legend  "  H.  Ca- 
mera Regiss"  without  doubt  means  "  Hedon  Regis 
CamerjB,"  chambers  of  the  king,  or,  in  other  words, 
a  king's  port.  This  might  be  thought  strange  in 
the  present  day,  were  it  not  clear  from  well-au- 
thenticated evidence  that  Hedon  was,  before  the 
port  of  Hull  was  called  into  existence,  a  place  of 


considerable  note.     Leland,  in  his  account  of  this 
place,  says  — 

"  The  Towne  hath  yet  greate  privileges,  with  a  Maire 
and  Bailives,  but  when  it  had  in  Edwarde  the  3.  davea 
many  good  Shippes  and  rich  Merchaunts,  now  therbe 
but  a  fewe  Botes,  and  no  Merchaunts  of  any  Estima- 
cion." 

Camden  also  remarks  — 

"  It  fell  by  the  nearnesse  of  Hull,  and  by  the  silting  up 
of  the  Harbour  is  so  sunk  as  to  have  scarce  the  least 
traces  of  its  former  splendour." 

G.  R.  P. 

Registration  without  Baptism  (2"*  S.  viii.  469.) 
—  I*  has  never  been  the  duty  of  clergymen  of  the 
Church  of  England  to  act  as  registrars  of  births. 
In  some  instances  perhaps  during  the  Common- 
wealth and  the  Protectorates  of  Oliver  and  Richard 
Cromwell,  the  parish  minister  may  have  been  ap- 
pointed also  the  parish  registrar,  but  the  two 
offices  were  quite  distinct,  and  if  there  are  any 
instances  on  record  of  both  being  held  at  the  same 
time  by  one  person  they  are  very  rare.  Of  course 
at  any  period  from  the  establishment  of  parish 
registers  the  clergyman  has  had  the  power  to 
make  entries  therein  in  addition  to  those  which 
he  was  legally  bound  to  make.  It  is,  therefore,  not 
at  all  uncommon,  as  many  of  your  readers  know; 
to  find  events  of  local  importance,  such  as  battles, 
floods,  and  high  winds  chronicled  in  their  pages. 
It  is  not  surprising,  therefore,  now  and  then  to 
find  that  the  minister  has  complied  with  the  wish 
of  his  dissenting  parishioners  by  registering  their 
children's  births.  In  most  cases,  however,  the 
clergymen  have  refused  this  courtesy,  to  the  great 
annoyance  doubtless  of  the  parents  at  the  time, 
and  of  genealogists  at  the  present  day. 

I  append  an  extract  from  the  parish  register  of 
Scotter,  CO.  Lincoln.  I  have  frequently  met  in 
other  registers  with  memoranda  of  similar  pur- 
port :  — 

"  1665.  Multi  hoc  anno  in  parochia  nati  sed  non  bap- 
tizati,  'per  schismaticam  Sacramenti  Baptismatis  dene- 
gationem  apud  parentes  suos  ideoq;  secundum  Eccliao 
constitutionem  non  Registratum. 

"  Guilielmus  Carrington,  Rector  Ecciiss  ibid." 

Edward  Peacock. 

Bottesford  Manor,  Brigg. 

Heraldic  Drawings  and  Engravings  (2""*  S.  viii. 
471.)  — It  is  stated  in  most  of  the  ordinary  books 
of  reference  that  the  tinctures  in  heraldry  were 
first  indicated  by  lines  in  the  sixteenth  century. 
The  invention  is  attributed  to  an  Italian  named 
Petrasancta.  Edward  Peacock. 

Rijigs,  their  Uses  and  Mottoes  (2"^  S.  viii.  329,) 
—  The  only  book  on  this  subject  with  which  I  am 
acquainted  is  The  Histoivj  and  Poetry  of  Finger 
Rings,  by  Charles  Edwards,  Councillor  at  Law, 
New  York;  Redfield,  110.  112.  Nassau  Street, New 
York — a  most  amusing  volume,  with  numerous 
illustrations,  and  containing  a  vast  amount  of  in- 


&U 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>«i  S.  VIII.  Dbc.  24.  '69. 


formation.  The  following  posies  are  from  rings 
in  the  possession  of  James  Mills,  Esq.,  Norwich, 
and  may  be  of  interest  to  Glwysig,  and  other 
readers : — 

"  My  Joyh  consisteth  in  Hope." 

"  Quies  servis  nulla." 

"  I  desire  to  disarne  (disarm)." 

"  Knit  in  one  by  Christ  alone." 

(Love  undervalued  maj'  greater  be.)" 
This  last  is  on  an  enamelled  gold  ring  found  in  the 
river  Wensum  at  Norwich.  G.  W.  W.  M. 

Male  and  Female  Swons  (2"^  S.  viii.  416.)  —  J. 
F.  may  like  to  know  that  the  swans  on  the  Thames, 
at  Windsor,  were,  early  in  the  sixteenth  century 
(Hen.  VII.),  distinguished  as  "  cocks "  and 
"  hens  ; "  and  later  in  the  same  century  (Eliza- 
beth), as  "cobbs"  and  "hens."  See  Annals  of 
Windsor,  vol.  i.  pp.  452,  453.  J.  E.  Davis. 

Temple. 


NOTES    ON   BOOKS,   ETC. 

A  Dictionary  of  English  Etymology.  By  Hensleigh 
Wedgwood,  M.A.,  late  Fellow  of  Chr.  Col.  Camb.  Vol.  I. 
A—D.    (Triibner  &  Co.) 

Perhaps  there  are  no  Queries  so  frequently  started  by 
men  of  education,  none  whieh  they  are  more  fond  of 
hunting  out,  than  those  ■which  relate  to  the  steps  by 
which  "  such  and  such  a  word  conies  to  have  the  meaning 
in  which  it  is  actually  found,  what  is  the  earliest  source 
to  which  it  can  be  traced,  and  what  are  the  cognate  forms 
either  in  our  own  or  in  related  languages."  The  author 
of  the  present  work  sees  the  solution  of  this  inquiry  in 
the  principle  of  imitation — that  is,  when  a  word  is  made 
to  imitate  or  represent  a  sound  characteristic  of  the  ob- 
ject it  is  intended  to  designate ;  and  he  goes  on  to  show 
that  the  expression  of  ideas  like  endurance  or  continu- 
ance, and  even  of  silence  itself,  may  be  traced  to  an  imi- 
tative root ;  and  thence  he  argues  the  possibility  of  ex- 
pressing any  other  idea  on  the  same  principle.  Such  is 
the  theory  on  which  the  present  Dictionary  is  based,  and 
which  is  worked  out  in  the  etymologies  of  the  various 
words  with  considerable  learning  and  ingenuity,  and  we 
cannot  doubt  that  the  work  will  take  an  important  place 
among  books  illustrative  of  English  Etymology. 

A  Manual  for  Rifle  Volunteers  :  their  Duties,  Privileges, 
Exemptions;  The  General  Volunteer  Act;  Instructions 
for  the  Formation  of  Volunteer  Rifle  Corps,  and  Model 
Rules  and  Regidations.     By  A  Clerk  of  Lieutenancy. 

Though  lovers  of  peace,  or  rather  we  should  say  be- 
cause we  are  lovers  of  peace,  and  rejoice  therefore  in  the 
Volunteer  Movement  as  a  means  to  that  great  end,  we 
welcome  a  little  volume  which  will  be  found  especially 
useful  at  this  time ;  for  we  have  reason  to  believe  that  the 
author  has  had  peculiar  facilities  for  making  his  work 
complete. 

Extensive  as  was  our  notice  of  the  various  Christmas 
Books,  or  books  suited  to  the  season,  in  our  last  Number, 
there  are  several  to  which  we  have  still  to  direct  atten- 
tion; among  others,  Ulf  the  Minstrel,  or  the  Princess 
Diamonduchzy,  hy  Mr.  Brough  (Houlston  &  Wright), 
will  be  a  rare  favourite  with  young  bo^s.  —  Longfel- 


low's Prose  Works,  illustrated  by  Birket  Foster  (Dean  & 
Sons),  deserves  a  good  word.  —  To  Mr.  Bentley  we 
are  indebted  for  a  Second  Volume  of  Tales  from  Bentley, 
and  a  new  edition  of  the  quaint  Notes  on  Noses.  —  Of 
serial  works  we  have  to  notice  Messrs.  Longman's 
People's  Edition  of  the  Poetical  Works  of  Thomas  Moore, 
Part  IX.  (7%e  Epicurean') ;  and  from  Messrs.  Routledge, 
Parts  VIII.  &  IX.  of  Routledge's  Illustrated  Natural 
History,  by  the  Rev.  J.  J.  Wood,  which  keeps  up  its  cha- 
racter as  a  highly  popular  and  beautifully  illustrated 
Natural  History  for  all  classes.  Nor  must  we  omit  to 
mention  Mr.  Murray's  Shilling  and  Sixpenny  editions  of 
Childe  Harold,  as  among  the  marvels  of  cheap  and  beau- 
tiful books. 

We  are  glad  to  announce  that  the  curious  collection 
sold  by  Puttick  &  Simpson  on  Thursday  week,  entitled 
"  Bibliographical  Recreations,  in  a  Series  of  Notes  relat- 
ing to  rare  and  curious  Books  and  Manuscripts  extracted 
from  the  Catalogues  of  Robert  Hardipg  Evans,  Thomas 
Evans,  and  Charles  Evans,  embodying  the  experience  of 
those  eminent  Auctioneers  of  Literary  Property  during 
Thirty-five  Years  devoted  to  the  Study  of  Bibliography, 
collected  and  arranged  by  Charles  Evans," — and  which  is 
a  comprehensive  record,  in  a  form  most  easy  for  reference, 
of  the  various  Literary  Treasures  which  have  passed 
through  the  hands  of  the  Messrs.  Evans,  giving  the  prices 
produced  at  the  auction,  and  the  names  of  the  purchasers, 
—  was  purchased  by  the  British  Museum. 

In  accordance  with  a  wish  expressed  by  the  Prince 
Consort,  when  viewing  the  Archaaological  Exhibition 
at  Aberdeen,  and  which  has  been  generally  concurred  in 
by  the  public,  the  Committee  of  Management  have  now 
published  a  Series  of  Photographs  from  some  of  the  most 
interesting  of  the  Portraits  there  exhibited.  These  are 
executed  by  Mr.  G.  W.  Wilson  of  Aberdeen,  and  are  of 
a  high  class  as  works  of  art,  while  they  give  an  excellent 
idea  of  the  originals  from  which  they  are  taken.  We 
cannot  of  course  enumerate  the  subjects  of  this  collection, 
which  includes  three  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots ;  but  when 
we  consider  the  number  (48),  vanet3%  and  interest  of 
the  Portraits,  and  the  security  which  Photography  gives 
for  the  fidelity  with  which  they  are  copied,  we  cannot 
doubt  that  this"  patriotic  scheme  will  be  attended  with 
the  success  it  deserves. 


BOOKS     AND     ODD     VOLUMES 

WANTED    TO    POECHASE. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,  of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentleman  by  whom  they  are  required,  and  whose  name  and  address 
are  given  below. 

1ro.vside*s  History  and  Antiquities  of  Twickenham.    4to.  1797. 
Stbicklako's    Queens    op    Enoland.    Vol.  I.    8vo.    1853. 
OxoNiANA.    Only  Vol.  IV. 

Wanted  by  Mr.  J.  Yeowell,  13.  Myddelton  Place,  E.C. 


Our  present  number  constats  chiefly  of  Replies,  as  it  is  obviously  de- 
sirable that  Queries  should,  as  far  as  possible,  be  solved  in  the  volume  in 
which  they  originally  appeared. 

G.  R.  The  term  Milesians  as  applied  to  Irishmen  has  been  discussed  in 
our  I  St  8.  ill.  343.  428.;  iv.  175.j  v.  453.  588. 

Replies  to  other  correspondents  in  our  next. 

Errata. — 2nd  8.  viii.  p.  11. col.  i.  line  2.  ./or  "  Vigors  "  rend"Yi- 


gersi"  p.  12.  col. ii.  Hue  18.  for"  Postes  "  read  "  Portes;"  p.  51.  col.  ii. 
line  U.for  "  I^egacorry  "  read"  Legacovry;  "  p.  388.  col.  ii.  line  4.  from 
bottom/or"Bellevue  "  read  "  Bellcove." 

**  NoTBs  AND  QuKRiBs"  IS  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  Monthly  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  /or 
Hix  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half' 
uearly  Indbx)  is  Us.Ad.,  which  may  be  paid  by  Pott  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  Mehsiis.  Beli,  and  l>ALDy,H6.  Fleet  Street,  E.G.;  to  whom 
all  <JouMONIuATlo^s  ruR  tb«  Euitoh  should  be  addressed. 


2"'iS.  YIII.  Dec.  31. '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


525 


LONDON,  SATURDAY,  DECEMBER  31.  1859. 


No.  209.  — CONTENTS. 

NOTES:  —  Archbishop  Lcighton'a  Works,  525. 

Suakspkariana:— Passage  in  "Measure  for  Measure"  — Mr.  W.  H. 
Shalcspeare's  Sonnets  —  Portrnit  of  Shaksneare  —  Baccare  —  Fop — 
Sliakspearc  and  Englisli  Lexicography —  Gallimawfry,  Sy. 

The  Destruction  of  Kccords  during  the  Revolution,  as  affecting  the 
Titles  of  the  French  Noblesse.by  J.  Macray,  528  — Names  of  Num- 
bers, and  tlie  Hand,  iw. 

MixoB  Notes  :  — Singular  Advertisement— Memoranda  concerning 
the  Seasons — "  Familiarity  breeds  contempt "— Tlie  "  Breeches  "  Edi- 
tion of  Dibdin's  "  Library  Companion  "  —  Cudwortli,  530. 

Minor  Quebiei  :  _  Thomas  Irson  —  William  Constantine  —  Irish 
Bankrupts  _  This  Day  liiglit  Days  —  William  Winstanley  —  J. 
Walker  Ord  -  Gift  of  Children  _  Henry  VI.—  Webster's  Dictionary 

—  Incorporated  Society  of  British  Artists  —  Heraldic,  &c.  531 . 

Minor  Quehtrs  with  Answers:  —  Nodway  Money —  Phillips's  "New 
World  of  Words  "  —  Othobon's  "  Constitutions  "  —  Clerical  Error,  532. 

REPLIES  :  —  Napoleon's  Escape  from  Elba,  by  H.  D'Aveney,  &c.  532 

—  The  Early  Editions  of  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  by  Rev.  J.  Howard, 
■to.  533  — Queutin  Bely  :  Morweg  :  Laale,  535  —  Warren  Hastings' 
Impeachment,538  —  TheGreat  Bell  of  Moscow  :  Chinese  Inventions, 
byT.  J.  Buckton,74. 

REPiiES  TO  Minor  Queries  :  — Precedency —  Ancient  Keys  —  Highland 
Regiment  at  the  Battle  of  Leipsie  — Herbe  d'Or  —  Old  Ballad  of  Hock  - 
ley  i'  til' Hole  —  " Soul  is  form  and  dotli  the  body  make" —Pepys's 
Diary,  &c. — No  Human  Speech  before  the  Flood  witliout  Error  — 
A  Regiment  all  of  one  Name  —Nelson's  Car  —Prince  Rupert  — 
Naked-Boy  Court  —  Night  —  Scotch  Clergy  deprived  in  1689  — Birts- 
niorton  Court,  Worcestershire  — Military  Funerals,  &e.,  537. 

Notes  on  Books,  Sec. 


aatta, 

ARCHBISHOP   LEIGHTON's    WORKS. 

(^Concluded from  p.  509.) 

In  the  passages  referred  to,  and  in  very  many 
others,  Leighton  contrasts  bare  Knowledge  with 
Love,  and  shows  that  in  Christianity  or  True 
Philosophy  both  are  reconciled,  and  united  in 
Possession  of  God.  In  illustration  of  this,  I  can- 
not refrain  from  quoting  part  of  a  noble  "  Dis- 
course concerning  the  Love  of  God,"  which  oc- 
curs in  that  curious  Allegorical  and  Platonical 
Romance  of  Dr.  Ingelo's  —  viz.  Bentivolio  and 
Urania.     Third  ed.  Lond.  1673,  folio  :  — 

"  Divine  Love  is  the  Exaltation  of  Human  Nature  to 
the  top  of  all  possible  perfection ;  the  Soul  raised  to  the 
possession  of  its  utmost  Felicity.  Bj'  celestial  Love  we 
receive  the  fruition  of  our  chief  Good.  Whilst  the  Soul 
is  enamoured  with  God,  it  exerciseth  its  most  noble  Fa- 
culty upon  the  best  Object  ... 

"Love  is  admitted  to  a  nearer  approach  to  God  than 
Knowledge,  and  by  the  liberty  of  that  access  is  demon- 
strated to  be  a  more  Sacred  thing.  Knowledge  is  but  a 
look  upon  God  at  a  distance,  -which  is  allowed  to  such  as 
are  fiir  enough  removed  from  all  Glory ;  but  Love  is  an 
Union  with  Him.  Love  takes  it  for  its  definition,  to  be 
the  Union  of  the 'Lover  with  the  Object  loved.  Holj' 
Love  ties  up  the  Life  of  the  Soul  in  God,  with  the  perfect 
Bond  of  celestial  Amity,  and  it  knows  no  death  or  de- 
struction, but  separation  from  its  beloved  God,  nor  can 
endure  to  be  absent  from  Him.  And  as  He  alwaies  loves 
again  (for  His  Love  is  a  great  part  of  His  Goodness),  or 
rather  continues  His  Love,  by  which  this  atfectioi^was 
first  produced  in  the  Soul,  the5'  cleave  together  by  the 
close  inhesions  of  Keciprocal  Affection.  He  that  dtvelh  in 
Love,  dwells  in  God,  and  He  in  him,  by  a  mutual  inhabita- 
tion ;  for  God  is  Love.  .  .  . 

"  But  how  far  short  doth  Knowledge  come  of  such  a 
Blisse?  Where  Knowledge  ends,  Love  begins,  perceiv- 
ing it  hath  gone  but  a  little  way.    What  is  it  barely  to 


discover  that  there  is  such  a  thing  as  God?  or  philoso- 
phically to  contemplate  His  natural  Perfections?  What 
am  I  the  richer  for  understanding  that  there  are  Silver 
Mines  in  the  Indies?  What  the  Mind  understands  only 
by  Knowledge,  the  Soul  enjoys  by  Love,  and  so  is  jnado 
happy.  .  .  . 

"Love  appears  to  be  the  Exaltation  of  Knowledge, 
from  which,  if  it  were  separated,  it  would  be  discharged 
by  Mankind  as  a  thing  of  no  use,  or  else  mischievously 
applicable."  — Pt.  L  pp.  161-163. 

Cf.  also  one  of  the  choicest  works  of  a  Mind  in 
many  ways  very  congenial  with  Leighton's,  viz. 
A  Treatise  of  Knowledge  mid  Love  Compared.  By 
Richard  Baxter:  Lond.  1689,  sm.  4to. 

Christianity,  the  True  Philosophy,  Leighton,  vol. 
iv.  pp.  340.  349.  This  is  the  subject  of  the  great 
work  Coleridge  projected  and  always  had  in  mind. 
Thrd  Controversy,  Philosophy  has  become  Phi' 
lology  (or,  as'  we  would  now  say,  Logomachy')  ; 
and  Theology  has  become  Morology,  iv.  378.;  cf.  p. 
356.  I  met  with  the  same  antithesis  the  other 
day  in  an  old  writer,  but  have  lost  the  reference ; 
however.  Cotton  Mather  uses  it  in  his  learned 
Munductio  ad  Ministerium,  and  employs  the  word 
Morosophy  as  well  as  Morology.  By  the  Avay,  I 
may  here  observe  that  when  Mr.  Pearson  says 
"  Leighton  never  affects  a  concise  sententiousness. 
He  is  perfectly  free  from  that  trick  of  Antithesis, 
which  hit  the  vicious  taste  of  the  day,"  p.  cl.x. ;  it 
is  true  that  he  has  no  affected  Sententiousness,  or 
false  Antithesis;  at  the  same  time  it  is  also  true 
that  Leighton's  style  is  often  peculiarly  terse  and 
aphoristic  as  well  as  antithetical.  Take,  for  in- 
stance, the  following  beautiful  Antithesis  :  "  We 
are  here  inter  perilura  pe7-ituri ;  the  things  are 
passing  which  we  enjoy,  and  we  are  passing  who 
enjoy  them,"  vol.  i.  p.  41. 

Leighton,  with  all  the  force  of  his  practical  and 
truthful  nature,  mistrusted  and  disliked  all  barren 
Philosophy,  and  all  Knowledge  merely  verbal  or 
mental.  He  has  some  very  striking  and  valuable 
exhortations  on  this  point :  — 

"  In  Discourse  seek  not  so  much  either  to  vent  thy 
Knowledge,  or  to  increase  it,  as  to  know  more  spiritually 
and  eftectiially  what  thou  dost  know.  And  in  this  those 
mean  despised  Truths,  that  every  one  thinks  he  is  suffi- 
ciently seen  in,  will  have  a  new  sweetness  and  use  in 
them,  which  thou  didst  not  so  well  perceive  before  (for 
these  Flowers  cannot  be  sucked  drj-),  and  in  this  humble 
sincere  way  thou  shalt  grow  in  Grace  and  in  Knowledge 
too."  —  Comment  on  St.  Peter,  iii.  10.,  vol.  ii.  pp.  109-110. 
"  Christians  should  be  trading  one  with  another  in  spiri- 
tual things;  and  he,  surelj',  who  faithfully  uses  most,  re- 
ceives most.  This  is  comprehended  under  that  word :  To 
him  that  hath  (i.  e.  possesses  activel}-  and  usefully)  shall 
be  given;  and  from  him  that  hath  not  (i.  e.  uses  not),  shall 
be  taken  away  even  that  which  he  hath,  Matt.  xxv.  29."  — 
lb.  ch.  iv.  10. ;  vol.  ii.  p.  347. 

Cf.  also  vol.  ii.  pp.  562.  601-602. ;  vol.  I.  220. 
Coleridge  gives  the  first  passage  in  Moral  and 
Jieligious  Aphorisms,  Aph.  xxxiv.  p.  82.;  but  it  is 
rather  misplaced,  for  the  first  three  Aphorisms  in 
the  Aids  to  Reflection  were  evidently  founded  on 
it,  and  on  the  parallel  passages  I  have  referred  to. 


526 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'«i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59. 


Cf.  also  a  remark  -which  Fenelon  makes  to  a 
disciple  of  his  who  requested  his  spiritual  counsel : 
"  You  know  a  great  deal  more  than  you  practise, 
and  have  much  less  occasion  for  new  lights  than 
to  follow  those  you  have  already  received."  * 
I  may  refer  also  to  Baxter's  Treatise  of  Know- 
ledge and  Love,  p.  158.,  et passim. 

Mr.  Helps,  I  think,  somewhere  observes  that 
earnest  thinkers  love  to  repeat  and  reproduce 
certain  leading  truths  and  favourite  thoughts  which 
they  have  made  their  own.  One  of  Leighton's 
was  the  Scholastic  Aphorism,  Quicquid  recipUur, 
recipitur  ad  modum  recipientis :  — 

"A  Christian  acts  and  speaks,  not  according  to  what 
others  are  towards  him,  but  according  to  what  he  is 
through  the  grace  and  Spirit  of  God  in  him ;  as  they  say, 
Quicquid  recipitur,  recipitur  ad  modum  recipientis  :  The 
same  things  are  differently  received,  and  work  differently, 
according  to  the  nature  and  way  of  that  which  receives 
them."  —  Comment  on  St.  Peter,  iii.  9.  vol.  ii.  p.  93. 

Coleridge  does  not  quote  this,  but  he  has  an 
apposite  remark  of  his  own  : — 

"  Quantum  sumus  scimus.  That  which  we  find  within 
ourselves,  which  is  more  than  ourselves,  and  j'et  the 
ground  of  whatever  is  good  and  permanent  therein,  is  the 
8ubstan-ce  and  life  of  all  other  Knowledge." — Aids,  p.  15., 
note. 

Mr.  Payne,  in  a  remarkable  preface  which  he 
prefixed  to  his  edition  of  the  Imitation  of  Christ, 
makes  the  following  quotation,  but  does  not  give 
his  author  f  :  — 

"  The  Measure  of  our  Life  is  the  Measure  of  our  Know- 
ledge: and  as  the  Spirit  of  our  Life  worketh,  so  the 
Spirit  of  our  Understanding  conceiveth."  —  P.  24. 

Another  favourite  Aphorism  of  Leighton's  was 
the  saying  of  Pythagoras :  Summa  Religionis  imi- 
tari  quern  colis.  It  occurs  vol.  i.  p.  119.;  ii.  272.; 
iii.  309.  416. ;  iv.  130.  393.  I  shall  make  but  one 
citation :  — 

"  The  chief  study  of  a  Christian,  and  the  very  thing 
that  makes  him  to  be  a  Christian,  is.  Conformity  with 
Christ.  Summa  Religionis  imitari  quern  colis  :  This  is  the 
Sum  of  Religion  (said  that  wise  heathen,  Pythagoras,)  to 
be  like  Him  whom  thou  worshippest."  —  Com.  St.  Refer, 
iv.  1.,  vol.  ii.  p.  272. 

Cf.  vol.  iv.  pp.  291.  317. : 

"  It  was  the  saying  of  the  Pythagorean  Philosophers 
that  •  The  End  of  Man  is  to  be  made  like  to  God.'  It 
was  also  a  general  maxim  with  the  followers  of  Plato." — 
Theol.  Led.,  xvi.  xx. 

Another  favourite  Maxim  was  that  of  St.  Gre- 
gory Nazianzen :  "  Either  teach  none,  or  let  your 
life  teach  too:'    (Vol.  ii.  pp.  57.  155.  411.) 


•  Quoted  by  Mrs.  Keltj',  who  adds  some  excellent  re- 
marks.—  Visiting  My  Relations,  Br  A  ed.  Lend.  1853,  pp. 
91-92. 

t  1'he  Imitation  of  Christ  in  Three  Books :  By  Tlios. 
a  Kempis.  Translated  from  the  Latin,  by  John  Payne. 
London :  Printed  and  published  by  J.  F.  Dove,  St.  John's 
Square.    No  date.    32mo.  pp.  240. 


Where  can  I  find  the  story  of  the  young  and 
enthusiastic  Platonist  referred  to  by  Leighton  ? — 

"  It  was  a  strange  power  of  Plato's  Discourse  of  the 
Soul's  Immortality,  that  moved  a  young  man  upon  read- 
ing it,  to  throw  himself  into  the  Sea,  that  he  might  leap 
through  it  to  that  Immortality." —  Com.  St.  Peter,  ii.  24. 
vol.  ii.  p.  35. 

Compare  Plato's  notion  of  Love  (ih.  p.  40.)  with 
Wordsworth's  well-known  lines  in  Laodamia. 
On  Human  Merit,  Leighton  well  observes  : 
"  The  more  ancient  writers,  when  they  used  the  word 
Merit,  mean  nothing  by  it  but  a  certain  correlate  to  that 
reward  which  God  both  promises  and  bestows  of  mere 
grace  and  benignity."  —  Med.  on  Ps.  CXXX.,  vol.  ii. 
p.  528.  Cf.  Hooker,  Serm.  II.  §  21.  Cf.  Leighton,  vol.  i. 
p.  23. 

With  regard  to  Leighton's  language,  Coleridge 
says  that  the  only  vulgarism,  or  L'Estrange  slang, 
he  met  with  in  the  Archbishop's  Works,  occurs  in 
the  Exhortation  before  the  Communion  :  "  Ask 
yourselves,  therefoi*e,  what  you  ivould  be  at,''  &c. 
(_Lect.  XXIV.  vol.  iv.  p.  343.)  But  Coleridge  for- 
got that  these  are  not  Leighton's  words,  only  a 
translation  of  his  words.  I  have  not  the  Latin 
original  at  hand. 

Leighton  uses  a  curious  phrase  to  express  in- 
sincerity or  mere  conventionalism,  viz.  "  Court 
holy-water"  :  — 

"  Those  expressions  must  be  cordial  and  sincere,  not 
like  what  you  call  court  holy-water,  in  which  there  is 
nothing  else  but  falsehood,  or  vanity  at  the  best:" —  Vol.  i. 
p.  24. 

It  occurs  also  at  p.  345.,  and  in  vol.  ii.  p.  416. 

With  regard  to  Presentany,  my  query  as  to 
whether  it  be  an  airai,  AeySfityov  remains  unan- 
swered. However,  I  can  bring  forward  an  an- 
alogous word,  viz.  Momentany :  "  Momentany 
perswasions"  is  a  phrase  which  occurs  in  Dr. 
Ingelo's  work  above  quoted  (Part  i.  p.  162.) 

I  beg  to  thank  Mb.  Pearson  for  his  kind  and 
j  courteous  reply  (p.  150.),  and  regret  that  in  his 
excellent  Memoir  he  did  not  disclaim  having  any- 
thing to  do  with  the  editing  of  the  edition  which 
goes  by  his  name,  and  thus  prevent  mistake. 
The  value  of  his  elegantly-written  Memoir  gives 
sale  and  curi-ency  to  an  extremely  bad  edition 
—  one,  in  fact,  which  requires  to  be  corrected 
like  a  proof.  I  began  to  make  a  list  of  the  chief 
Errata,  but  I  soon  got  tired.  However,  I  send 
a  few  which  I  noted  :  — 

Vol.  i.,  "  illusion"  for  allusion,  p.  111.;  "hatred" 
for  hated,  p.  223. 

Vol.  ii.,  "  decree  "  for  decere,  p.  95. ;  "  gracing 
grace"  for  decoring  grace,  p.  607.  (cf.  vol.  iv.  p. 
127.)  ;  "  Similude  '•  for  similitude,  p.  197. 

Vol.  iii.,  "  treats  of  Viper's  flesh,"  query  treacles? 
p.  22. ;  "liberty"  for  liberality,  p.  47. 

Vol.  iv.,  "chance  of"  for  chance  or,  p.  316. ; 
"  dilicious,"  p.  332. ;  "  brible"  for  bridle,  ib. ; 
"  piece"  for  peace,  p.  193. ;  "  precarious"  iov pre- 
cious, p.  424,;  "  soberly"  for  sobriety,  ib. ;  "Christ's 


S"-*  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31. '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


527 


Life  and  Passion"  for  Chrisfs  holy,  crucified  Life 
and- Passion,  p.  427. ;  "  foil"  for  fall,  p.  97. ;  "se- 
crenat"  for  serenat,  p.  41. 

Another  library  edition  published  by  Duncan, 
4  vols.  8vo.,  appeared  in  1830 ;  but  if  it  were  a 
new  edition,  it  was  I  should  say  a  mere  reprint,  like 
all  the  succeeding  editions. 

When  a  new  Edition  of  Leighton  appears,  I 
trust  it  will  have  a  good  Iijdex,  running  titles, 
and  every  mechanical  help  necessary  to  make  his 
Works  what  they  are  not  now — and  that  is,  easy 
of  reference.  For  instance,  in  the  Com.  on  St. 
Peter  the  chapter  and  verse  ought  to  be  given  at 
the  head  of  every  page. 

Coleridge*  woulU  have  rejoiced  had  he  met  with 
Mb.Wogan's  edition  o(  the  Eighteen  Sermons,'Riy- 
ington,  1745.  I  ought  to  mention  the  Subjects, 
Notes  or  Essays  in  the  Appendix.  They  are  :  — 
I.  Of  Justification  and  Sanctification,  II.  Of  In- 
defectihility,  or  Final  Perseverance.  III.  Of  Re- 
generation. IV.  Of  being  in  God,  in  Christ.  V. 
Of  Mortification  and  Vivification.  VI.  Of  Elec- 
tion.    VII.  Of  Assurance.  EiEiONNAcn. 


SHAKSPEA.BIANA. 

Passage  in  '■^  Measure  for  Measure." — I  hope 
you  will  be  so  kind  as  to  insert  the  following  lines 
in  "  N.  &  Q."  if  you  find  them  worth  printing  :  — 

"  How  may  likeness,  made  in  crimes. 
Making  practice  on  the  times." 

Measure  for  Measure,  Act  III.  Sc.  2. 

Even  Dyce  finds  it  hopeless  to  ascertain  what 
the  poet  really  wrote  (Dyce's  Shah,  i.  344.). 

I  do  not  know  whether  I  could  not  relieve  this 
hope  by  proposing  the  alteration  of  one  letter, 
and  the  adoption  of  Malone's  conjecture  :  — 

"  How  may  likeness,  mate  in  crimes. 
Mocking  practice  on  the  times." 

F.  A.  Leo. 
Berlin,  Dec.  1859. 

Mr.  W.  H.  Shakespeare's  Sonnets.  —  Some  time 
ago  I  read,  in  what  book  I  forget,  an  able  advo- 
cacy of  the  claims  of  Lord  Southampton,  or  Lord 
Pembroke  (I  forget  which),  based  on  the  circum- 
stance that  his  heraldic  motto  occurs  twice  in 
Shakspeare's  Sonnets.  I  should  be  obliged  to  any 
of  your  correspondents  who  would  either  refer 
me  to  a  book  or  article  containing  such  an  argu- 
ment, or  to  the  Sonnets  in  which  the  motto  occurs. 
I  remember  distinctly  that  the  two  lines  cited  are 
not  verbatim  alike.  Clammild. 

Athenajum  Chib. 


*  Coleridge,  in  accordance  with  the  desultory  nature 
of  his  Aids  to  Reflection,  makes  no  mention  whatsoever 
of  Leighton  in  his  Preface.  However,  some  notice  of 
Leighton  and  the  connexion  between  the  Aids  and  his 
Works,  may  be  found  at  pp.  51. 108. 117. 124.  of  the  sixth 
edition. 


Portrait  of  Shahspeare  (2"«  S.  viii.  284.)  — 
Arthur  Paget  (Cranmore)  mentions  a  supposed 
portrait  of  Shakspeare  at  Weymouth.  I  have  seen 
the  picture  at  the  library  referred  to,  and  felt 
much  interested  in  the  same,  having  heard  the 
Chandos  portrait  pronounced  spurious.  The  por- 
trait at  Weymouth  appears  to  have  been  taken 
when  Shakspeare  was  about  twenty- seven  or 
twenty-eight  years  of  age ;  and  from  the  opinions 
of  art  critics  in  the  possession  of  the  owner,  it 
also  appears  to  be  an  undoubted  work  of  Zuc- 
chero's.  It  must  be  remembered  that  Zucchero 
visited  England  at  the  time  Shakspeare  was  a 
great  favourite  of  Elizabeth's,  for  the  purpose  of 
painting  Elizabeth  and  her  court,  and,  in  all  pro- 
bability, painted  Shakspeare  at  the  same  time. 
The  Weymouth  picture  agrees  in  every  particular 
with  a  portrait  described  by  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds, 
who  says  in  one  of  his  Lectures  :  — 

"  I  have  lately  seen  in  a  private  collection  at  Bath  a 
portrait  of  Shakspeare,  painted  by  Zucchero  by  com- 
mand of  Elizabeth.  It  is  a  small  picture  on  panel,  and 
has  the  name  of  the  immortal  bard  on  the  right  hand 
side  of  the  head.  It  consists  of  the  head  and  neck-rufF 
onl^',  and  there  can  be  no  doubt  as  to  its  originality." 

Sir  Joshua  was  much  interested  in  everything 
Shakspearian,  and  undertook  to  paint  three  pic- 
tures for  Alderman  Boydell's  magnificent  edition 
of  Shakspeare  — "  Macbeth  and  the  Witches," 
"  Puck,"  and  "  The  Death  of  Cardinal  Beaufort." 
"Puck"  became  the  property  of  the  late  poet 
Rogers,  and  was  purchased  at  the  sale  of  his  col- 
lection by  the  late  Lord  Fitzwilliam. 

H.  SlNCUUB. 

Manchester. 


Baccare  (2"''  S.  vii.  124.)  —  A.  A.  seems  to 
imagine  that  this  word  is  purely  Shaksperian,  or 
he  would  scarcely  express  a  belief  that  "  Shak- 
speare never  would  have  coined  such  a  word." 
The  common  meaning-  "stand  back,  or  go  back," 
is,  I  think,  evidently  the  true  one.  In  Heywood's 
Epigrams  on  Pro,ve7-bs,  A.  A.  would  find 

"194.   Of  Mortimer's  sow. 
"  Backare,  quoth  Mortimer  to  his  sow, 
Went  that  sow  hack  at  that  bidding  trow  j'ou  ?  " 

Two  more  versions  of  this  epigram,  and  a  refer- 
ence to  the  word  in  his  poem  on  Proverbs  (chap, 
xi.),  would  lead  us  to  suppose  the  word  was  ia 
common  use  in  Heywood's  time. 

As  to  the  meaning  of  the  word  compare  the  use 
of  it  by  Lyly,  Mydas,  Act  I.  Sc.  2.  (1592) :  — 

"  Lie.  Thou  servest  Mellacrites,  and  I  his  daughter ; 
which  is  the  better  man  ? 

Pet.  The  masculine  gender  is  more  worthy  than  the 
feminine.    Therefore,  Licio,  backare." 

Again,  in  Sir  John  Grange's  Golden  Aphroditis, 
1577  :  — 

"  Yet  wrested  he  so  his  eflfemlnate  bande  to  the  siege 
of  backwards  affection,  that  bothe  trumpe  and  drumme 
sounded  nothing  for  their  larum,  but  Baccare,  Baccare." 


528 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2'>'»  S,  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59. 


This  word  occurs,  too,  in  Ralf  Roister  Do'mter, 
Act  I.  So,  2. ;  and  in  an  ancient  interlude  of  the 
repentance  of  Mary  Magdalene,  1567.  As  to  the 
derivation  it  is  merely  an  English  word  with  a 
Latinised  termination,  witness  the  second  of  Hey - 
wood's  epigrams  on  the  word. 

"  Backare,  quoth  Mortimer  to  his  sow,  see 
Mortimer's  sow  speaketh  as  good  latyn  as  hee." 

Why  will  not  people  take  the  trouble  of  con- 
sulting contemporary  literature  before  adding  to 
the  already  sufficiently  copious  store  of  literary 
guesses,  which  have  nothing  but  their  novelty  and 
ingenuity  to  recommend  them  ?  Libya. 


i^a;?  (2"«  S.  viii.  285.)— In  old  English,  the 
letter  /  occasionally  takes  the  place  of  v.  Thus 
vats,  wine-vats,  were  in  Shakspeare's  time  fats, 
wine-fats.  I  would  accordingly  suggest  that  fap 
is  equivalent  to  vap.  Vappa  signifies  in  Latin, 
not  only  poor  wine,  but  a  weak  character,  a  silly 
fellow,  especially  a  spendthrift,  one  who,  when  he 
has  got  money,  cannot  keep  it.     So  Horace,  — 

"  Non  ego  avarum 
Cuna  veto  te  fieri,  vappam  jubeo :  "  — 

where  vappa  is  evidently  opposed  to  avarus. 
This  meaning  will  well  accord  with  the  passage 
cited  by  your  correspondent  from  the  Merry 
Wives  of  Windsor.  "  The  gentleman  had  drunk 
himself  out  of  his  five  sentences.  .  .  .  And  being 
vap,  was,  as  they  say,  cashiered."  Both  vap  (or 
fap),  and  cashiered,  may  here  be  viewed  as  cant 
terms,  employed  by  Bardolph  professionally.  The 
gentleman  had  drunk  himself  into  such  a  state 
that  he  became  very  lavish,  and  in  consequence 
was  stripped  of  his  property  :  a  delicate  way  of 
saying  that,  having  become  inebriated,  he  could 
not  take  care  of  his  cash,  and  so  was  lightened 
of  it. 

Med.L.  tappa  (vendere  vinum  ad  tappam),  Ang. 
tap;  so  cappa,  cap;  sappa  (of  a  besieged  place), 
sap;  L.  mappa,  Med.  L.  mappa  mundi,  map.  In 
like  manner  vappa,  vap;  whence yo/;. 

In  the  more  general  sense  of  vappa,  cf.  waped, 
stupified  ;  "  I'm  wap'd  to  dead  a'most."  Moor's 
Suffolk  Woi'ds  and  Phrases,  1823.    Thomas  Boys. 

Shakspeare  and  English  Lexicography  (2"^  S.  viii. 
284.)  —  As  a  storehouse  of  that  species  of  criti- 
cism indicated  by  Mommsen  as  likely  to  be  pro- 
ductive of  the  most  satisfactory  results  in  restoring 
the  true  text  of  Shakspeare  and  elucidating  his 
meaning,  permit  me  to  invite  attention  to  a  Ger- 
man periodical,  begun  in  1846,  and  devoted  to 
modern  languages  and  literature  —  the  Archiv 
fur  das  Studinm  der  neueren  Spraclien  und  Litera- 
turen,  now  extending  to  twenty-five  volumes  8vo. 
In  this  work  will  be  found  a  vast  body  of  criti- 
cism by  learned  and  industrious  German  profes- 


sors and  others,  many  of  whom  have  resided  in 
England,  and  made  the  English  language  and~  its 
literature  an  object  of  the  most  careful  study ; 
Shakspeare  above  all  absorbing  an  attention  which 
shows  how  deep  a  hold  he  has  on  the  German  heart 
and  affections.  Mr.  Coi.ekidge  and  his  generous 
brother-band  of  helpers,  in  compiling  a  great  new 
English  dictionary,  will  also  find  in  the  Archiv 
valuable  materials  towards  assisting  them  in  Eng- 
lish lexicography,  evincing  a  wide  acquaintance 
with  English  literature,  and  chiefly  devoted  to  an 
explanation  of  the  more  difficult  and  obscure 
words  and  phrases,  including  Americanisms. 

John  Macrat. 
Oxford. 


Gallimawfry  (2'"'  S.  viii.  285.)  —  In  the  passage 
in  the  Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  quoted  by  your 
correspondent,  — 

"  He  loves  thy  gallimawfry ;  Ford,  perpend ! " — 

is  not  the  common  reading  thy  obviously  a  mis- 
take for  a  ?     Thus  :  — 

"  He  loves  a  gallimawfry ;  Ford,  perpend ! " 

That  is.  Sir  John  is  not  particular,  but  loves  a 
medley,  all  fish  that  come  to  his  net,  young  or 
old,  married  or  unmarried.  The  ordinary  reading 
is  nonsense.  Eirionnach. 

A  galimafree  is  a  ragout  made  up  of  the  rem- 
nants and  scraps  of  the  larder.  "  A  hotchpot 
{hochepot)  Galimafre,"  says  Bescherelle,  was  a 
sobriquet  given  to  a  mountebank  on  the  treteaux 
of  the  Boulevard  du  Temple,  who  by  his  drolleries 
endeavoured  to  attract  the  crowd  to  the  Tlieatre 
des  Funambules,  and  whose  name  has  since  be- 
come a  proverb,  and  denotes  a  buffoon  and  a 
charlatan.     Cf.  Bescherelle,  under  "  Galimatias." 

It.  S.  Charnock. 


THE  DESTRUCTION  OF  RECORDS  PURING  THE  RE- 
VOI.UTION,  AS  AFFECTING  THE  TITLES  OF  THE 
FRENCH    NOBLESSE. 

The  recent  inquiry  by  the  French  government 
into  the  alleged  assumption  of  titles  of  nobility  by 
individuals  who  have  no  just  claim  to  them,  and 
the  strict  regulations  thereupon  established  by  a  • 
kind  of  College  of  Arms,  are  a  striking  proof  of 
the  disorganised  state  of  society  in  France,  and 
of  the  confusion  created  in  it  by  the  abolition  at  the 
great  Revolution  of  titles  of  hereditary  rank,  and 
the  destruction  of  documentary  proofs  of  nobility. 
What  a  state  of  misery  would  be  unfolded,  if  the 
descendants  of  the  ancient  nobility  were  to  com- 
municate to  the  world  the  sad  story  of  the  vi- 
cissitudes of  their  illustrious  houses,  and  of  the 
spoliations  endured  by  them  from  the  Revolution 
until  the  period  of  the  restoration  of  the  Bour- 
bons. Indeed  this  in  part  has  been  done  in  many 
volumes  of  Memoires.     In  the  biography  of  the 


'2"«i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '69.J 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


529 


Abbo  Ameilhon,  who  was  librarian  of  the  Ville 
de  Paris  and  of  the  Arsenal  for  more  than  half  a 
century,  and  who  died  in  1811,  we  read  that  he 
acted  a  conspicuous  part  in  the  destruction  of  the 
titles  of  the  nobility  during  the  reign  of  terror. 
In  his  capacity  as  Commissioner  for  the  examina- 
tion of  such  titles  he  wrote,  on  the  24th  of  Janu- 
ary, 1793,  as  follows  to  the  Attorney-general  and 
Syndic  of  the  department  of  Paris  :  — 

"  I  am  instructed  to  inform  3-ou  that  the  commis- 
sioners appointed  for  the  examination  of  the  titles  of  the 
Cabinet  Orders  of  the  ci-devant  King,  deposited  at  the 
national  library,  are  ready  to  transmit  to  the  Commis- 
sioners of  the  department  about  270  vols,  and  boxes,  which 
still  remain  to  be  destroyed.  It  is  for  the  Directory  to  ap- 
point the  daj'  most  convenient  for  the  burning,  of  which 
the  public  should  be  informed  by  means  of  placards,"  &c. 

On  Feb.  14,  Ameilhon  wrote  to  the  same 
official :  — 

"  I  now  send  j'ou  a  statement  of  the  various  articles 
which  are  still  in  the  depot  of  the  quondam  Orders  of  the 
ci-devant  King,  and  which  should  form  the  materials  for 
a  final  burning.  I  am,  with  sentiments  of  republican 
fraternity,  &c.  Ameilhon." 

Here  follows  a  list  of  the  various  articles  which 
remain  to  be  burned  :  — 

"  128  vols,  bound,  and  34  boxes  containing  documents 
and  titles  for  the  ci-devant  Order  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  and 
others  of  the  late  King ;  2  vols,  of  coats  of  arms  for  the 
said  Orders ;  34  vols,  of  papers  and  original  titles  which 
served  to  draw  up  the  Armorial  General  de  France ;  166 
vols,  of  the  collection  styled  Collection  de  Le  Laboureur ; 
2  vols,  of  letters  of  nobilitA'  and  of  pardon ;  15  vols,  con- 
taining Vouchers  for  the  Order  of  St.  Lazarus,  and  for 
entering  the  Military  Schools,  together  with  a  box  fitted 
with  similar  documents  for  admission  into  the  ci-devant 
noble  Chapters.  It  results  from  these  original  documents, 
that  Ameilhon  concurred  in  and  presided  over  the  burn- 
ing of  652  vols.,  boxes,  and  cases,  which  ought  to  have 
been  preserved  in  the  national  library,  where  they  had 
been  deposited.  This  act  of  Vandalism,  directed  by  an 
historian  (for  Ameilhon's  works  prove  him  to  have  been 
a  man  of  considerable  learning  and  research),  is  an  irre- 
parable loss  for  historj',  while  it  could  not  avail  to  retard 
the  creation  of  a  new  order  of  nobility  and  the  return  of 
the  old  at  the  restoration." 

This  is  but  a  small  portion  of  the  details  relat- 
ing to  the  destruction  perpetrated  by  one  man  in 
one  city  —  the  capital  of  France.  What,  then, 
must  have  been  the  havoc  committed  throughout 
the  whole  kingdom  ?  In  the  lack  of  evidence  as 
to  pedigrees,  it  can  hardly  be  a  matter  of  surprise 
that  false  claimants  should  arise,  and  pretend  to 
be  the  inheritors  of  rank  and  title,  the  true  owners 
of  which  have  been  engulphed  in  the  whirlpool  of 
revolution.  J.  Maceay. 


NAMES  OF  KUMBEKS,  AND  THE  HAND. 

Bosworth,  or  rather  authorities  cited  by  him, 
derive  ten  from  the  Mces.-Got.  tai  Tiund,  the 
hands.  If  this  be  correct,  this  English  word  ten 
must  have  existed,  in  some  primeval  tongue,  be- 


fore the  Greek  or  Latin  language  was  spoken. 
This  appears  from  the  number  of  words  in  those 
languages  which  have  ten  for  their  root :  such  as 
teneo,  tendo,  Kreiuu,  &c.,  all  referring  to  hand.  It  is 
probable  also,  for  the  same  reasons,  that  hand  be- 
longed to  some  primeval  tongue.  Prehendo  con- 
tains it.  And  Whiter  has  noticed  Its  existence  in 
the  ixeKaySfTov  ^i<pos  of  Homer,  the  black-handled 
sword.  From  some  early  tongue  also  the  Celtic 
has  its  deic  ten:  hence  the  Greek  Se^o,  and  the 
Latin  decern.  But  that  deic  is  the  first  syllable  of 
SaicrvXws  and  digitus  will  scarcely  be  doubted 
when  we  observe  it  in  such  words  as  S(iKvutJ.i,  in 
the  old  deicere  for  dicere,  to  point  out,  and  most 
probably  in  dexle?'  and  index.  But  not  only 
words  denoting  ten,  those  also  signifying  ^ve, 
twenty,  and  a  hundred,  appear  to  me  to  have  one 
common  root  in  hand.  The  affinity  between  vfixve, 
guinque,  the  Mces.- Got.  _/?«/,  the  Germ  an  ywjj/",  &c., 
has  been  often  noticed.  Now  I  suspect  that  we 
have  allied  to  these  the  English  words  finger, 
fang,  and  fin,  the  A.-S.  f anger,  to  hold,  the 
Latin  Jingo ;  and,  moreover,  the  English  wing, 
if  it  be  allowed  that  wiii  and  gain  are  the  same 
word.  I  am  strengthened  in  this  opinion  from 
another  consideration  :  the  Welsh  pump,  five,  and 
the  Persian  pung^  admitted  to  belong  to  the  above 
family  of  words,  show  an  interchange  of/)  with/. 
Now  the  Persian  penje,  the  fist,  is  doubtless  allied 
to  pung ;  and  cognate  with  these  are  the  Latin 
pugnus,  the  Greek  ttuJ,  the  French  poivg,  the  Por- 
tuguese punho,  &c.,  all  referring  to  hand. 

'i'he  word  hundred,  Bosworth  derives  from  the 
Mces.-Got.  hund,  the  hands  ;  and  in  analogy  with 
this  is  the  derivation  of  the  Latin  centum,  which 
appears  to  have  originated  in  some  of  the  above 
words.  The  interchange  of  p  with  c  is  not  with- 
out authority.  The  Oscan  pitpit  was  the  Latin 
quidquid,  where  q  has  the  sound  of  c  hard.  But 
more  to  my  purpose,  the  Etruscan  ewer  was  the 
Latin  pue7'.  And  Mr.  Guest  has  shown,  in  the 
Phil.  Soc.  Proceedings  (vol.  iii.),  that  in  some 
branches  of  the  Celtic  this  interchange  prevails 
to  a  remarkable  extent.  It  is,  therefore,  possible 
that  the  c  in  cent  may  be  the  p  in  pung.  I^believe 
it  is  capable  of  proof  that  in  other  tongues,* as  wel 
as  our  own,  the  habit  prevailed  o  iadding  d  or  t 
derived  words  ending  in  ru  The  t,  therefore,  in 
cent  may  be  non-radical:  moreover,  the  cent  of 
the  Latin  is  the  cant  of  the  Celtic ;  and  that  this 
word  is  connected  with  hand  I  infer  from  the 
Port,  canhato,  left-handed.  I  am  confirmed  in 
this  opinion  when  I  see  that  the  French  gant,  the 
Italian  guanto,  the  English  gauntlet — all  referrin 
to  hand — differ  from  cant  only  in  the  substitution 
of  g  for  c,  a  change  which  appears  in  vigesimus 
for  vicesimus.  Is  it  not  then  very  probable  that 
cant,  centum,  the  Old  Eng.  hent,  as  well  as  the 
&ho\c  pung,  fang,  funger,  gant,  &c.,  are  all  vary- 
ing forms  of  one  primitive  word  signifying  the 


530 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2nd  s.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59. 


handf    The  word  twenty  appears  in  the  A.-S. 
twa  huna,  the  two  hands. 

Let  us,  however,  consider  the  Greek  and  Latin 
forms.  It  has  been  remarked  that  words  expres- 
sive of  definite  numbers  were  first  used  indefi- 
nitely. Of  this  fjivpias  is  an  instance,  which  is 
often  employed  to  designate  simply  a  great  num- 
ber. But  language  must  find  words  for  fixed 
amounts ;  and  to  accomplish  this,  in  remote  times, 
the  word  for  the  common  symbol  of  number, 
namely,  the  hand,  became  slightly  varied,  to  de- 
signate different  numbers,  as  we  see  in  our  word 
/lour  from  fiower.  We  may,  therefore,  expect  to 
find  similarity  depending  on  affinity  between  many 
words  denoting  different  numerical  amounts.  I 
cannot  indeed  affirm  that  ei/cotrj,  or  as  it  is  found 
iiKo-ri  and  kKo-Tov,  were  ever  the  same  word ;  but 
I  do  believe  that  ei/carj,  or  rather  its  digammated 
form  FfiKart,  and  the  Celtic  _/?c^«J,  twenty,  are  re- 
lated. Now  the  Port.  Jiga,  a  fist,  is  probably 
related  to  this  :  so  is  vigesimus=vicesimus,  coming 
from  viginti.  But  the  vi  in  this  word  is  the  hi 
from  hini,  as  is  seen  in  its  old  form,  biginti.  Is  it 
not  then  probable  that  viginti  and  ducenti  were 
originally  the  same  word?  as  also,  though  less 
clearly,  eiKan  and  Ikotov  ;  and,  moreover,  that  at 
least  the  Latin  forms  had  their  origin  in  the  bi 
gants,  the  two  hands  ? 

I  submit  with  diffidence  the  following  Queries 
for  the  consideration  of  better  etytnologists.  Sup- 
posing that  I  am  correct  in  the  above,  may  not 
vavTa  belong  to  the  class  of  words  here  given ; 
and  may  not  its  original  meaning  have  been  a 
great  number  ?  And  if  so,  does  not  this  word  ap- 
pear in  the  ant,  ent,  and  unt,  of  the  third  person 
plural  in  the  Greek,  Latin,  and  some  other  lan- 
guages? In  the  Welsh  it  is  gwnt.  Does  not 
canto,  to  sing,  come  from  the  above  cant  ?  I  think 
it  does,  from  the  fact  that  a  very  early  applica- 
tion of  arithmetic  was  not  to  £  s.  d.,  but  to  the 
science  of  music,  and  that  musical  notes  were 
called  numeri.  Again,  the  Latin  annus,  and  the 
Celtic  ainne,  a  ring  or  circle,  are  no  doubt  related. 
Does  not  Diana  then  come  from  the  Celtic  dia 
ainne,  tlje  goddess  of  the  circle  or  full  moon  ;  and 
does  not  Hecate,  the  same  goddess,  presiding 
over  the  crescent  moon,  come  from  a  feminine 
form  of  Hecaton,  a  hundred,  whose  symbol  is  the 
crescent  C  ?  J.  p. 

Dominica. 


Singular  Advertisement.  — 

"  Whereas  Ensign  Samuel  Medland,  of  the  Hon.  Col. 
Howard's  Regiment  of  Foot  in  Ireland,  stands  charged 
•with  the  Murder  of  Edward  West  on  the  20th  of  May 
last.  Now  I,  the  said  Samuel  Medland,  do  design  to  sur- 
render myself  and  abide  my  tryal  at  the  next  General 
Assizes  to  be  held  in  and  for  the  Countv  of  Tipperary, 
whereof  all  persons  are  to  take  notice.    Dated  this  10th 


day  of  January,  1726.  —  Samuel  Medlamd."  —  Dublin 
WeeMy  Journal. 

Y.  S.  M. 
Memoranda  concerning  the  Seasons.  — In  the  an- 
cient calendar  prefixed  to  the  "  Norwich  Dooms- 
day," from  which  I  lately  sent  you  a  weather 
distich,  are  the  following  memoranda  relating  to 
the  seasons  and  the  calendar,  which  are  suffici- 
ently curious  to  interest  the  readers  of  "  N.  &  Q." 

"  Festum  dementis ;  vernis  capud  est  venientis, 
Cedit  yems  retro ;  cathedrato  sj'mone  petro, 
Ver  fugit  urbanus :  estatem  symphorianus." 

"  Quatuor  in  partes,  dm  si  dividis  annos 
Nil  q;  supfuit,  credo  bissextus  erit." 

"  Ab  incarnatione  xpi  scdm  Anglicos  ab  annuciacione 
Anni  dm  scdm  Romanos  a  nativitate  xpi." 

B.  B.  Woodward. 

Haverstock  Hill. 

" Familiarity  breeds  contempt'''  —  Some  one  I 
think  has  asked  for  early  examples  of  this  pro- 
verb. David  Lloyd,  in  his  account  of  General 
Monck,  entitled  Modern  Policy  Compleated  (1660), 
§  16.,  p  16.,  writes:  — 

"  His  Excellencies  solemn  [familiarity,  no  Mother  of 
contempi,  was  observable,"  &c." 

Not  having  my  back  numbers  of  "  N.  &  Q."  at 
hand  1  cannot  supply  a  reference  to  the  place  in 
which  the  Query  occurs.  B.  S.  J. 

The  "  Breeches  Edition  "  of  Dibdin's  "  Library 
Companion."  —  In  a  note  to  Bibliophobia,  p.  8., 
Dr.  Dibdin  says  :  — 

"  When  I  quote  from  the  Library  Companion,  I  wish  it 
to  be  understood  that  I  quote  from  the  first,  or  Breeches 
Edition,  of  1824.  The  second  is,  however,  the  more  valu- 
able. VVill  posterity  ever  be  made  acquainted  with  the 
mystery  belonging  to  this  small-clothes  designationi'  " 

I  imagine  that  the  only  mystery  consists  in  the 
suppression  in  the  second  edition  of  the  Library 
Companion  of  the  following  note,  appended  to  p. 
393.  oii\\Q  first : — 

"  A  curious  anecdote,  not  altogether  unbibliographical, 
belongs  to  Anson's  voj'age  round  the  world.  Mordaunt 
Cracherode,  the  father  of  the  Rev.  C.  M.  Cracherode,  of 
celebrated  Book- Fame,  went  out  to  make  his  fortune  as 
a  commander  of  the  marines  in  Anson's  ship.  He  re- 
turned, in  consequence  of  his  share  of  prize-money,  a 
wealthy  man.  Hence  the  property  of  his  son,  and  hence 
the  Bibliotheca  Cracherodiana  in  the  British  Museum.  A 
droll  story  is  told  of  the  father,  of  which  the  repetition 
is  pardonable.  It  was  said  that  her  returned  from  this 
Ansonian  circumnavigation  in  the  identical  buckskins 
which  he  wore  on  leaving  England :  they  having  been 
the  object  of  his  exclusive  attachment  during  the  whole 
voyage !  Far,  however,  be  it  from  me  to  give  credence 
to  the  report  that  there  is  some  one  particular  volume  in 
the  Cracherode  Collection  which  is  bound  in  a  piece  of 
these  identical  buckskins  I " 

If  there  be  any  farther  mystery  with  this 
"  Breeches  Edition,"  there  are,  doubtless,  many 
who  can  now  favour  us  with  its  solution. 

William  Bates. 


2"*  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


531 


Cudworth.  —  Lord  Brougham,  in  his  Discourse 
of  Natural  Theology,  in  a  note  asks  the  question, 
*'  Why  are  the  manuscripts  of  the  author  still 
buried  in  the  British  Museum?"  This  question  his 
lordship  puts  after  remarking  on  the  profound 
learning  of  Cudworth's  Intellectual  System,  al- 
though unfinished,  and  its  satisfactory  exposition 
of  the  ancient  philosophers,  rendering  his  work 
above  all  praise.  Qdassatio. 


Thomas  Irson.  —  In  a  note  of  Moses  du  Soul 
(Solanus)  on  Lucian's  Alexander,  c.  26  (vol.  ii.  p. 
234.  ed.  Hemst.)  occurs  an  anecdote  of  the  court 
of  Charles  II.,  which  I  do  not  remember  to  have 
met  with  elsewhere.  As  few  students  of  the  his- 
tory of  English  manners  are  likely  to  consult 
commentators  on  the  classics  for  materials,  (if  in- 
deed they  do  not  regard  such  commentators  and 
their  calling  as  behind  the  age),  I  venture  to  ex- 
tract the  passage  at  length,  and  shall  be  glad  to 
hear  more  of  the  adventurer  Irson,  if  that  is  his 
true  name :  — 

"Simili  artificio  callidus  Anglus,  quem  ipsi  vidimus, 
Thomas  Irsonus,  caput  ligneum  loquax  concinnarat,  quo, 
ut  ipse  narrabat,  tota  Caroli  II.  aula  et  Rex  ipse  viso  ob- 
stupuit.  Immurmurabat  spectatorum  aliquis  ori  istiua 
capitis  hianti  verba,  quae  in  buccam  venerant,  quacumque 
libitum  erat  lingua;  quo  facto  mox  responsum  eadem 
lingua  et  ad  rem  accommodatissimnm  ex  ligneo  capite 
reddebatur.  Percrebuerat  jam  per  totam  urbem  monstri 
fama.  Frequentes  ad  tantse  rei  miraculum,  data  pecunia 
quisque,  advolant.  Nee  dubium  quia  brevi  de  rebus  ar- 
canis  futurisque  tarn  doctum  caput  consulendum  fuerit 
(quidni  enim  lignum  loquax  et  futura  et  arcana  pandere 
valeat?)  cum  subito  adolescens  ex  nobilium  famulitio, 
qui  tum  spectabant,  in  proxime  adjacens  cubiculum  irre- 
pens  hominem  os  tubo  admoventem,  et  clamantem  con- 
spicit;  neque  ullis  muneribus  et  promissis  deterreri 
poterat,  quin  tantum  arcanum  divulgaret.  Innotuit  ita- 
que  fraus,  et  patuit  sacerdotem  pontificium,  multarum 
linguarum  hominem,  capiti  oracula,  auditis  per  tubum  e 
conclavi  proximo  quajstionibus,  dictasse  et  revera  inspi- 
rasse.  Eem  totam  Irsonus  ipse  ante  aliquot  aunos  viro 
nobili,  me  audiente,  narrabat." 

Who  was  the  many-languaged  Roman  Catholic 
priest  ?  I  commend  the  question  to  Dr.  Russell 
for  a  new  edition  of  his  curious  Life  of  Mezzofanti. 

J.  E.  B.  Mayor. 

St.  John's  College,  Cambridge. 

William  Constantine. — Any  account  of  this  gen- 
tleman or  his  family  would  oblige.  In  a  marriage 
settlement  dated  1695  he  is  described  of  the  Mid- 
dle Temple.  It  is  believed  he  was  of  a  family  in 
the  Home  or  Midland  Counties.  J.  F.  C. 

Irish  Banlii'upts.  —  Can  any  one  refer  me  to  a 
published  list  of  bankrupts  in  Ireland  a  century 
back  ;  or  to  any  records  whence  such  information 
may  be  obtained?  A  Citizen  or  London. 

This  Day  Eight  Days.  —  In  Eome  parts  of  the 
county  of  Antrim  it  is  a  common  reply  to  receive 


from  the  poor  people,  if  you  ask  them  "Were  you 
at  church  last  Sunday?"  "  Yes,  I  was  out  this 
day  eight  days,"  I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of  your 
Irish  correspondents  can  tell  me  the  origin  of  this 
expression.  Alfred  T.  Lee, 

William  Winstanley,  author  of  England's  Wor- 
thies, 1684;  Lives  of  the  most  famous  English 
Poets,  1687.  Can  you  give  me  the  date  of  this 
author's  death  (about  1690),  and  inform  me  where 
he  is  buried  ?  R.  Inglis. 

J.  Walker  Ord,  author  of  England,  an  historical 
poem,  2  vols.  8vo.,  1834;  The  Bai-d  and  other 
Poems,  12mo.  1841.  Can  you  give  me  the  date 
of  this  gentleman's  death?  I  think  Mr.  Ord  is 
also  the  author  of  a  History  of  Cleveland,  York- 
shire. R.  Inglis. 

Gift  of  Children. — In  the  Privy  Purse  expenses 
of  King  Henry  VIII.,  in  the  third  year  (Dec.  28, 
1512),  is  the  entry  "Itm.  to  a  woman  that  gave 
the  king  two  children,  0.  13.  4."  Can  this  gift  be 
explained  ?  W.  P. 

Henry  VI.  —  Can  you  tell  me  where  I  shall  find 
a  satisfactory  explanation  as  to  whether  the  body 
of  Henry  VI.  was  or  was  not  removed  fi*om 
Windsor  to  Westminster.  Ackermann's  West- 
minster Abbey  states  that  the  removal  cost  the 
abbey  500Z, ;  whilst  Gough,  Sepidchral  Monuments, 
adopts  the  view  that  it  was  at  Windsor  at  least  as 
late  as  the  time  of  the  death  of  Henry  VIIT.  Or 
is  it  still  a  point  upon  which  antiquaries  are  dis- 
agreed ?  In  The  Pictorial  History  of  England 
it  is  stated  that  when  Henry  VII.  desired  to  re- 
move the  body  to  Westminster  it  could  not  be 
found.  W.  P. 

Webster's  Dictionary.  —  I  observe  this  work  is 
often  quoted  as  an  authority  for  the  definitions  of 
words.  Will  you  or  some  of  your  correspon- 
dents kindly  inform  me  when  and  where  the  first 
edition  of  the  work  was  published?  and  the  years 
and  localities  of  the  publication  of  subsequent 
editions  ?  Vrtan  Rheged. 

Incorporated  Society  of  British  Artists. — Where 
is  it  likely  I  could  peruse  the  catalogues  of 
the  "  Incorporated  Society  of  British  Artists  ?  " 
This  society  preceded  the  Royal  Academy,  and 
was  formed  about  the  year  1765.  E.  T.  C. 

Heraldic.  —  In  the  church  of  St.  Mary's,  Clon- 
mel,  Ireland,  there  is  a  tomb  recording  the  death 
of  Ann,  the  wife  of  Edward  Hutchinson,  who  died 
Nov.  30,  1682.  Her  armorial  bearings  are  im- 
paled beside  those  of  her  husband.  Omitting  the 
tinctures,  they  may  be  described  thus: — A  chevron 
between  three  gouttes :  on  a  chief,  a  demi-savage 
holding  a  club.  The  family  name  of  the  wife, 
before  she  was  married,  is  earnestly  desired. 

P.  Hutchinson. 


532 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2od  s.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '5r. 


Nodway  Money.  —  In  the  last  edition  of  Dug- 
dale's  Monasticon  (vol.  ii.  p.  87.),  in  a  computus 
temp,  Henry  VIII.  of  the  possessions  of  Tewkes- 
bury monastery,  under  the  head  "Manor  of  Tar- 
rent  Monkton,  Dorset,"  occurs  the  following  :  — 
"  Red  mobil  cu'  quoEfm  redd'  voc'  Nodway  Money" 
Can  anyone  explain  the  nature  of  this  pay- 
ment, or  offer  any  suggestions  as  to  its  origin  ? 

Wm.  Shipp. 

{^Noda  -was,  in  med.-Lat.,  a  herd  of  cattle.  ("  Pro 
quaque  noda  pecudum."  Du  Cange.)  With  "noda" 
agree  the  A.-S.  nite,  niten,  Sc.  nolt,  nowt,  our  own  iiout, 
neat,  nowt,  note,  Sw.  not,  and  Dan.  nod.  We  would, 
therefore,  suggest  that  nodway  money  was  noed-way 
money,  or  nowt-waj'  money,  i.  e.  a.  certain  fixed  payment 
for  the  right  of  way,  that  nowt  or  horned  cattle  might 
pass  and  repass  between  grazing-grounds  and  home- 
stead. This  right  of  way  is  a  thing  well-known  in 
English  farming,  and  is  occasionally  the  subject  of  liti- 
gation.] 

Phillips's  '■'■New  World  of  Words."  —  I  have  a 
perfect  copy  of  t]xQ  first  edition  of  Phillips's  New 
World  of  Words,  published  by  E.  P.,  London, 
printed  by  E.  Taylor  for  Nath.  Brooke,  at  the 
sign  of  the  Angel  in  Cornhill,  1658.  Can  any  of 
your  readers  inform  me  if  copies  of  this  edition 
are  scarce  ?  as  Sir  F.  Madden  (P'  S.  xi.  208.) 
says  the  only  editions  of  Phillips  in  the  Museum 
library  are  the  fourth  of  1678,  and  the  sixth  of 
1706.  H.  E.  P.T. 

[In  the  new  MS.  Catalogue  of  the  British  Museum 
three  other  editions  have  since  been  entered,  namely, 
1662,  fol. ;  1671,  fol.  third  edition  (an  engraved  title  in 
this  copy  has  the  date  1670) ;  and  1696,  fol.  fifth  edition. 
Lowndes  gives,  incorrectly,  1657  as  the  date  of  the  first 
edition,  Avhich  does  not  appear  to  be  rare,  as  it  only  sold 
for  28.  at  the  sale  of  George  Chalmers's  library  in  1841. 
The  first  edition,  however,  is  interesting  and  important 
to  English  philologists,  being  the  anonymous  Dictionary 
of  1658  so  frequently  cited  \>y  Skinner.  The  allusion  to 
Shakspeare,  in  the  first  and  second  editions,  is  omitted  in 
the  later  ones.  The  following  editions  were  sold  by  So- 
thebv  &  Wilkinson,  May  22,  1857  :  1658, 1662, 1671, 1678, 
1696:] 

Olhohoiis  "  Constitutions."  —  Can  you  tell  me 
whence  the  following  is  taken  ?  — 

"  Whereas  it  is  unbecoming  for  Clergymen  employed  in 
heavenly  Offices  to  minister  in  secular  Affairs,  we  think 
it  sordid  and  base,  that  certain  Clerks  greedily  pursuing 
earthly  Gain  and  temporal  Jurisdictions,  do  receive  se- 
cular Jurisdiction  from  Laymen,  so  as  to  be  named  Jus- 
tices, and  to  become  Ministers  of  Justice,  which  they 
cannot  administer  vfithout  Injury  to  the  canonical  Dis- 
positions and  to  the  clerical  Order." 

There  is  considerably  more  than  this  in  the 
quotation,  and  the  word  "  Othobon  "  is  added  at 
the  end,  apparently  as  the  name  of  the  author. 

I  have  probably  transcribed  enough  to  enable 
some  of  your  correspondents  to  recognise  the 
passage,    and   shall  be    much   obliged  if  any  of 


them  will  inform  me  whence  the  words  are  taken. 
And  if  I  am  right  in  my  conjecture  as  to  the 
word  "Othobon;"  who,  and  what  was  he?  and 
when  did  he  live  ?  Vrtan  Rheged. 

[Othobon  was  legate  of  Pope  Clement  IV.,  and  presi- 
dent of  the  Council  held  in  the  cathedral  church  of  St. 
Paul,  London,  a.d.  1268,  52nd  Henry  III.  Collier  (_EccIes. 
Hist.  i.  474.  fol.  1708)  states,  that  "  the  Canons  of  this 
Council  were  of  great  authority,  and  looked  on  as  a  rule 
of  discipline  to  the  English  Church  ;  and  notwithstanding 
the  change  at  the  Reformation,  there  are  several  of  them 
still  in  force,  and  make  part  of  our  Canon  Law."  The 
passage  cited  by  our  correspondent  will  be  found  in 
Wilkins's  Concilia,  ii.  4.,  and  in  Constitutions  Provincialles, 
and  of  Otho  and  Octliobone,  translated  into  Englyshe,  1534, 
p.  130.  The  same  canon  is  also  quoted  in  Dr.  Burn's 
JEccles.  Law,  edit.  1797,  iii.  194.,  under  "Privileges  and 
Restraints  of  the  Clergy."  A  summary  of  the  canons  of 
this  Council  is  printed  in  the  British  Magazine  (1844), 
XXV.  380.] 

Clerical  Error. — When  did  this  expression  first 
come  into  use,  and  whence  is  it  derived  ? 

D.  S.  E. 

[The  terms  clerk,  clerc,  cleric,  clericus,  though  pro- 
perly appertaining  to  ecclesiastics,  came  in  time  to  signify' 
any  educated  person.  "  Dagobert  fut  moult  preud'homme 
et  grand  clerc,"  "  Un  loup  quelque  peu  clerc  "  (a  wolf  who 
was  something  of  a  scholar),  ^cscA.  Clerk,  "a  man  of 
letters,"  Johnson.  "  Cleriei  dicti  etiam  qui  Uteris  imbuti 
erant,  viri  literati  et  docti,"  Du  Cange.  Hence  followed  a 
further  extension  of  the  meaning,  by  which  clerk  or  cle- 
ricus signified  an  amanuensis,  any  person  emploj-ed  as  a 
writer,  Johnson.  "  Cleriei  prajterea  dicuntur  Scriba;,  oc- 
tuarii,  et  Amanuenses  judicum,"  &c.,  Dti  Cange.  It  is, 
we  apprehend,  to  this  last  signification  that  we  are  in- 
debted for  the  expression  "clerical  error,"  which  simph' 
implies  an  error  in  writing,  a  "  slip  of  the  pen,"  and 
which  does  not  appear  to  be  a  phrase  of  very  early  origin. 
When  we  use  the  expression  "a  clerical  error,"  or  ":i 
lapsus  linguae,"  we  mean  in  either  case  a  mistake  arising 
from  inadvertence,  not  from  ignorance.  Thus  it  was 
through  a  "  lapsus  linguse,"  and  not  through  unacquaint- 
ance  with  the  proper  term,  that  a  person  speaking  of  the 
death  of  an  Indian  friend,  and  meaning  to  saj'  that  he  was 
"  killed  by  a  Sepoy,"  said  instead, "  killed  by  a  Cyclops ! "] 


NAPOLEOH'S   ESCAPE    FROM   ELBA. 

(2"'>  S.  viii.  m.  382.) 

The  object  of  your  correspondent  H.  N.'s  com- 
munication is  not  perfectly  clear,  and  the  same 
remark  certainly  applies  to  the  following  sen- 
tence :  "  As  a  matter  of  mere  tradition  of  an  event 
comparatively  recent,  and  quite  susceptible,  as  one 
would  think,  of  direct  proof,  this  version  is  of  lit- 
tle value."  By  the  wording  of  the  paper,  vol. 
viii.  p.  86i,  it  is  made  perfectly  clear  from  whom 
the  anecdote  originated,  and  repeated  in  your 
pages  under  the  thorough  conviction  of  the  fact. 
Why  IT.  N.  has  indulged  in  creating  doubts,  when 
the  matter  is  "quite  susceptible"  of  "direct 
proof,"  must  rest  with  himself. 


2°d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


533 


To  the  differences  between  Rogers  and  Ville- 
main  may  be  added  those  in  the  Pastes  Universels, 
a  far  more  voluminous  and  important  work  than 
those  produced  by  the  authors  aheady  named. 

The  consternation  into  which  the  monarchs  and 
their  ministers  were  thrown  by  the  arrival  of  the 
intelligence  that  Napoleon  had  arrived  in  France 
is  beyond  all  question,  and  probably  exceeded  the 
graphic  description  given  by  your  correspondent. 
But,  whether  these  trembling  kings  could  have 
despatched  "  the  "  three  ministers  to  negociate  a 
treaty  with  a  puny  and  f\illen  foe  at  Presberg, 
when  the  giant-tyrant  was  raising  his  head  and 
at  every  hour  additional  tidings  and  dispatches 
Avere  eagerly  expected,  and  to  themselves  of  the 
last  importance  ? — or,  whether  "the"  three  minis- 
ters would  have  wasted  their  precious  time  in 
dallying  over  a  treaty,  chiefly  on  boundaries  and 
titles,  which  the  chances  of  the  war,  virtually  com- 
menced, might  in  a  few  weeks  reduce  to  a  bundle 
of  waste  paper,  and  make  their  own  signatures  an 
irrefragable  proof  of  mispent  time?  —  are  proposi- 
tions it  would  be  difficult  to  reconcile  in  the 
negative,  even  with  the  most  ordinary  political 
sagacit}'. 

Without  trespassing  too  much  upon  your  space, 
the  following  historic  facts,  coupled  with  one  pi'O- 
bability,  may  tend  to  reconcile  the  discrepancies 
of  the  dates.  On  the  evening  of  the  Uth  March 
intelligence  reached  Vienna  of  the  arrival  of 
Buonaparte  in  France  {Pastes  Universels^^  the 
ministers  hud  left,  and  the  dispatches  followed 
them  to  Presberg.  The  King  of  Saxony,  hitherto 
a  prisoner  in  tiie  Chateau  of  Scliewetz,  refused  to 
sign  the  treaty  on  the  1 1  tli  .(^Pastes  Universels)  ; 
the  ministers  return  to  Vienna,  and  immediately 
on  their  arrival  summon  a  Congress  for  the  next 
day,  the  12th  March,  as  stated  by  H.  N. 

PIenrt  D'Aveney. 


Your  recent  articles  upon  Napoleon's  sudden 
escape  from  Elba  recall  to  me  a  singular  story 
connected  with  that  event,  which  I  have  often 
heard  from  the  lips  of  the  party  himself  to  whom 
the  circumstances  occurred.  My  informant  was  a 
late  dignitary  of  the  church,  and  formerly  in  con- 
stant personal  attendance  upon  George  III. 

A  few  weeks  previous  to  Napoleon's  escape  my 
friend,  exhausted  with  a  fatiguing  walk  on  the 
beach  at  Brighton,  had  seated  himself  one  day 
under  the  lee  of  a  boat  for  a  short  repose.  Pre- 
sently two  foreigners,  walking  from  two  different 
directions,  met  on  the  other  side  of  the  boat.  The 
one  had  evidently  just  landed,  and  the  other  had 
met  him  (in  this  a  secluded  part  of  the  beach, 
where  they  deemed  themselves  secure  from  all 
listeners)  to  receive  a  report  of  the  state  of  pre- 
parations on  the  other  side  of  the  water  for  the 
execution  of  some  great  design.  The  latter  began 
by  asking  how  things  progressed,  and  was  told  in 


reply  that  all  was  now  ready  for  the  "  coup ; " 
that  the  MInister-at-War  had  so  stationed  the 
regiments  on  which  he  could  confide,  and  so 
completed  all  arrangements,  that  there  could  be 
no  obstruction  to  the  march  from  the  coast  to 
Paris,  and  that  everything  being  now  prepared, 
the  sooner  the  event  came  off  the  better.  The 
parties  then  separated  in  different  directions 
(unconscious  of  the  presence  of  the  third  party, 
who  all  the  while  had  been  ensconced  under  the 
other  side  of  the  boat);  the  one  apparently  for 
re-embarkation ;  the  other  to  dispatch  intelli- 
gence to  head-quarters  at  Elba. 

The  court  or  some  of  the  ministers  happened  to 
be  at  Brighton  at  the  time,  and  my  friend  without 
a  moment's  delay  communicated  the  circumstance 
to  Lord  Liverpool  and  Lord  Castlereagh,  who 
treated  the  whole  with  ridicule,  or  pretended  to 
do  so,  and  nothing  more  was  heard  of  the  affair 
till  the  papers  announced  the  realisation  of  all 
that  my  friend  had  overheard.  aa. 


THE    EARLY    EDITIONS    OF    FOXE  S    BOOK    OP 
MARTYRS. 

(2"*  S.  viii.  221.  271.  334.  403.  472.) 

The  1st  and  2nd  volumes  of  the  edition  of  1596 
are  in  Enstone  church,  Oxfordshire. 

The  two  volumes  are  bound  in  one,  containing 
1949  pages  besides  Index.  The  whole  body  of 
the  work  is  perfect,  but  the  title  of  vol.  i.  and 
a  few  pages  of  the  Calendar  at  the  beginning,  and 
the  Index  at  the  end,  are  wanting.  It  is  thus  en- 
titled:  — 

"The  First  Volume  and  the  Second  Volume  of  the 
Ecclesiasticall  Histories,  contej-ning  the  Acts  and  ]Monu- 
ments  of  Martyrs,  &c.  Xewly  recognized  and  inlarged 
by  the  Autliour,  John  Foxe.  At  Lundon,  Printed  by 
Peter  Short,  dwelling  in  Bread  Street  Hill,  at  the  sign 
of  the  Starre,  Anno  Domini  lo96." 

In  Enstone  church  there  are  also  several  other 
volumes  which  I  enumerate,  but  would  refer  to 
the  "Parochial  History"  of  that  parish  by  the  Rev. 
John  Jordan,  vicar,  for  a  more  particular  de- 
scription of  them. 

A  volume  of  treatises  on  the  Roman  contro- 
versy by  John  White,  D.D.,  &c.,  containing  among 
others : — 

"  A  Defence  of  the  Way  to  the  True  Church  against 
A.  D.  his  Reply,  &c.,  by  John  White,  Doctor  of  Divinity ; 
at  London,  Imprinted  bv  Felyx  Kyngston  for  William 
Barrett,  1G24." 

"The  Orthodox  Faith  and  Way  to  the  Churcli  Ex- 
plained and  Justified:  in  answer' to  a  Popish  Treatise 
entituled  White  died  Blacke.  By  Francis  White,  Doctor 
in  Divinity  and  Deane  of  Carlisle,  elder  brother  of  Doctor 
John  White.  Printed  at  London  by  John  Haviland  for 
William  Barret,  1624." 

A  volume  of  sermons  by  Thomas  Adams  (title- 
page  and  first  250  pages  wanting).     The  whole 


534 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2>"i  S.  VIII.  Dkc.  31.  '59. 


volume  contains  1240  pages.     The  title-page  of 
one  of  these  sermons  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  Soldier's  Honour,  Preached  to  the  Worthie  Com- 
panie  of  Gentlemen  that  exercise  in  the  Artillerie  Gar- 
den, and  now  on  their  second  request  published  to  farther 
use.  London,  Printed  by  Augustine  Matthews  for  John 
Grismand,  1629." 

A  volume  of  the  works  of  the  author  of  the 
Whole  Duty  of  Man,  containing 

«  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man.  The  Cause  of  the  Decay  of 
Christian  Pietj'.    The  Gentleman's  Calling." 

The  above  bear  this  imprint,  "  London,  printed 
by  Roger  Norton  for  Robert  Pawlet  at  the  Sign 
of  the  Bible  in  Chancery  Lane,  near  Fleet  Street, 
1683." 

Then  follows  the  Second  Part  of  the  works  of 
the  author  of  the  Whole  Duty  of  Man,  containing 

"  The  Ladies'  Calling.  The  Government  of  the  Tongue. 
The  Art  of  Contentment,  and  the  Lively  Oracles  given  to 
us." 

The  "Second  Part"  was  printed  at  the  Theatre 
in  Oxford,  1684. 

The  following  inscription  is  on  the  cover  of  this 
volume :  — 

"The  Gift  of  y«  Worshippfull  Sir  Edward  Waldo  of 
Pinnar  in  the  County  of  Middlesex  to  the  Parish  of 
Enstone  in  the  County  of  Oxford." 

"A  Companion  to  the  Temple,  or  a  Help  to  Devotion 
in  the  Use  of  the  Common  Prayer,  &c.  By  Thomas 
Comber,  D.D. ;  London,  printed  by  Samuel  Roycroft  for 
Robert  Clavell  at  the  Sign  of  the  Peacock,  near  the  West 
End  of  St.  Paul's  church,  1684." 

The  following  inscription  is  on  the  cover  :  — 

"  The  Gift  of  Thomas  Martin,  Gent.,  late  of  Rowsham, 
to  y"  Church  of  Enston." 

"A  Collection  of  Cases  and  other  Discourses  lately 
written  to  Recover  Dissenters  to  the  Communion  of  the 
Church  of  England.  By  Some  Divines  of  the  City  of 
London.  London :  Printed  for  Thomas  Basset  at  the 
George  in  Fleet  Street,  and  Benj.  Tooke,  1694." 

On  the  cover  is  this  inscription  :  — 

" D.D.  Vir  Claris :  Car:  Aldworth  Savilliau :  Professo: 
&  Coll:  Magda:  Oxon:  Socius,  Anno  Domini  jidcxcvi." 

A  volume  containing  fifty-four  Sermons,  and 
The  Rule  of  Faith,  by  Archb.  Tillotson,  6th  edi- 
tion (title-page  wanting).  The  cover  is  thus  in- 
scribed :  — 

"The  Gift  of  the  Honour'd  Esquire  Keck,  1701." 

J.  J.  Howard. 
Lee. 


I  have  at  this  time  in  my  possession  a  copy 
of  the  second  edition  (1570)  of  this  work  be- 
longing to  the  church  of  Saint  John  the  Baptist, 
Glastonbury.  It  is  bound  in  two  volumes,  the 
first  ending  with  page  924.  The  whole  work  con- 
tains 2302  pages,  besides  an  unpaged  index.  The 
,  edition  accords  with  that  referred  to  by  Mr.  Po- 
COCK  (ante,  335.),  excepting  that  in  the  Glaston- 
bury copy  pages   1269.  and  1270.  are  correctly 


numbered,  and  the  index,  although  incomplete, 
contains  twelve  leaves.  The  title-page  of  the  first 
volume  is  gone,  but  it  otherwise  appears  perfect. 
The  title-page  of  the  second  volume  is  also  miss- 
ing, as  well  as  eleven  leaves,  and  the  index  from 
the  word  "  strife."  In  other  respects  th^  copy  is 
in  a  very  fair  condition.  It  was  formerly  chained 
to  desks  in  the  church,  and  a  portion  of  the  chain 
is  still  attached  to  the  first  volume.       J.  G.  L.  B. 


I  have  a  fair  copy  of  Foxe  :  its  margins,  how- 
ever, are  sadly  cut  down,  and  it  is  in  an  ordinary 
modern  binding.  The  first  volume  has  on  the 
title,  "Printed  for  the  Company  of  Stationers, 
1641."  The  second,  "  Printed  Anno  Domini 
1631."  The  third,  "  Printed  by  R.  Yoyng,  1631." 
In  each  of  the  latter  dates  the  figure  3  has  been 
altered  with  a  pen  to  a  4 ;  but  with  ink  so  pale  as 
to  leave  the  3  plainly  discernible.  This  copy  ap- 
pears to  be  perfect,  with  the  exception  of  perhaps 
two  leaves  before  the  beginning  of  the  work  in 
vol.  ii.,  and  of  one  leaf  of  the  "  Table  "  at  the  end 
of  vol.  iii.  It  is  in  fair  condition,  some  of  the 
leaves  containing  the  commencement  of  Queen 
Mary's  reign  having  been  carefully  mended :  the 
only  part  apparently  which  has  been  much  studied. 

This  copy  has,  after  p.  1030.  of  vol.  iii.,  "  A 
continuation,"  &c.  "  London,  Printed  by  Adam 
Islip  Fffilix  Kingston  and  Robert  Yong,  1632,"  in 
the  highly  ornamented  title-page  described  by  your 
correspondent  A.  B.  R.  That  title-page,  I  think, 
has  no  reference  to  any  earlier  edition  of  Foxe. 
Your  correspondent  will  probably  see  at  the  top 
of  the  ornament  the  letters  NI,  under  the  device 
of  a  lamb  bound  on  an  altar,  above  which  are  the 
words  possidete  animas  vestras,  and  the  mark  ^ 
below  them ;  which  I  take  to  be  the  initials  and 
cypher  of  the  engraver,  or  printer  for  whom  it  was 
first  engraved,  or  both.  I  shall  be  glad  to  know 
from  some  of  your  correspondents  to  whom  they 
refer.  The  very  same  ornamental  title  is  prefixed 
to  the  several  treatises  comprised  in  Sir  Henry 
Savile's  Collection  of  English  Chroniclers,  printed 
at  London  in  1596.  Henry  Freeman. 

Norman  Cross,  Stilton.  • 

Dr.  Crawford  is  very  glad  to  be  able  to  inform 
Ma.  J.  G.  Nichols  that  he  also  has  a  large, 
clean,  and  perfect  copy  of  the  1641  edition  of 
Foxe's  Book  of  Martps,  which  he  bought  more 
than  thirty  years  ago  of  Mr.  Talboys  of  Oxford. 

Woodmansteme  Rector3',  near  Epsom. 


Canon  Morris,  in  his  valuable  contribution  to 
English  history,  The  Life  and  Martyrdom  of  St. 
Thomas  Becket,  lately  published,  says,  note  418., 
p.  435.,  that  in  the  library  of  the  English  College, 
Rome,  there  is  the  copy  of  Foxe's  Martyrs  used 
by  Father  Parsons  :  the  edition  is  not  mentioned. 


2"'i  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


535 


From  the  known  courtesy  of  the  present  rector, 
Dr.  English,  I  am  sure,  if  Mr.  G.  Nichols  should 
wish  to  learn  its  date,  he  has  only  to  write  and 
ask  that  gentleman. 

In  a  room  over  the  porch  of  Sutton  Church, 
near  Abingdon,  I  saw,  some  few  years  ago,  the 
fragments  of  what  looked  like  the  copy  of  an 
early  edition  of  the  work.  D.  R. 


.In  the  old  library  of  St.  Nicholas  church  in 
Newcastle- on-Tyne  is  a  copy  of  Foxe's  Book  of 
Martyrs,  edition  of  1632,  to  which  was  formerly 
attached  the  chains  by  which  the  books  were  fas- 
tened to  the  desk  in  the  choir  of  the  church. 
These  chains  are  now  in  the  possession  of  Mr. 
Emerson  Charnley,  bookseller  of  this  town. 

In  Dr.  Tomlinson's  library  attached  to  the  same 
church  is  a  fine  copy  of  the  edition  of  1684  in 
three  volumes  folio.  The  work  itself  is  perfect  and 
clean,  but  it  calls  aloud  for  a  new  binding. 

Edward  Thompson. 

Newcastle-on-Tvne. 


There  is  a  good  copy  in  3  vols,  of  date  1641  in 
the  Library  belonging  to  Lichfield  Cathedral. 

There  is  a  fine  large  paper  copy  of  the  edition 
of  1684  in  the  Permanent  Library  of  Lichfield. 

I  have  vol.  i.  of  the  edition  of  1641,  with  the 
large  woodcut  of  the  "  Poysoning  of  King  John 
by  a  Monke,"  and  the  "  Pope  treading  on  the  neck 
of  the  Emperour  Frederick,"  and  many  other  cuts. 

T.  G.  LoMAx. 

Lichfield. 


In  the  parish  church  of  Kinver,  Staffordshire, 
near  Stourbridge,  is  a  copy  of  The  Acts  and 
Monuments  of  Christian  Martyrs,  printed  by  John 
Daye,  1583 ;  together  with  a  sermon  in  Latin  in 
the  reigne  of  Edward  VI.  by  John  Jewel,  Bishop 
of  Sarisburie,  and  The  Whole  Duty  of  Man,  date 
1703,  which  three  old  volumes  are  preserved  in 
a  desk  standing  in  the  south  aisle  of  the  above- 
named  church.  T.  E.  Winnington. 


QUENTIN   BEIiY  :    MORWEG  :    LAALE. 

(2°«  S.  i.  433.) 

The  proper  title  of  the  book  from  which  Breboeuf 
quotes  is  — 

"  De  HoUandsche  Liis  met  de  Brabandsche-Bely, 
poetischer  Wyse  vorgestelt  en  gedicht,  door  Gilles  Jacobs 
Quintiin,  's  Gravenhage,  1629,  pp.  368." 

The  lines  quoted  are  at  p.  198.  I  cannot  find 
any  account  of  the  author  beyond  what  is  in  his 
book,  from  which  it  appears  that  he  had  lived 
about  twenty  years  at  Haarlem  as  a  citizen  and 
shopkeeper  (burger  en  koopman),  p.  332.,  but  was 
residing  at  the  Hague  in  1629,  as  the  book 
"  vindtse  te  koop  by  den  Autheur,  daer  nu  woo- 


nachtig,  op  de  Suyl-straet."  At  p.  76.  he  says  he 
had  been  some  time  in  London,  and  (p.  321.) 
shows  his  knowledge  of  English  by  a  song  to  the 
tune  "  Com  Scheapherdes  deck  jour  Heads." 

The  two  principal  poems,  Lys  and  Bely,  are 
satires  descriptive  of  Dutch  manners  and  morals, 
written  in  easy  harmonious  doggrel,  very  pleasant 
to  read,  but  not  always  easy  to  understand,  the 
spelling  being  antiquated,  and  many  of  the  words 
"  patter."  That  the  author  was  a  strict  moralist 
I  have  little  doubt ;  but  he  is  occasionally  very 
coarse,  and  must  have  been  thought  so  even  in 
that  coarse  age,  for  (p.  330.)  he  insists  that  he 
has  described  the  vices  of  licentious  youth  only  in 
such  terms  as  the  clergy  would  use  in  the  pulpit. 
Among  the  prodigalities  of  the  women  who  dress, 
beyond  their  station  he  mentions  the  wearing  of 
stockings  (p.  188.),  and  having  wine  poured  over 
their  hands  instead  of  water  after  dinner  (p.  213.). 
Some  ladies  smoked  :  — 

"  Anderen  Tabacco  drincken 
Die  dan  stincken 

Als  een  bier-man,  in  de  banck : 

Wie !  son  willen  by  haer  slapen, 
Allsse  gapen, 

Overraits  haer  vuylcr  stanck ! " 

All  these,  however,  are  the  "bastaerdt  soorte,"  not 
the  virtuous  old  Brabanters. 

At  p.  348.  are  some  lines  to  the  reader  who  may 
think  the  book  dear.  I  do  not  make  out  the  price, 
but  it  could  not  be  low.  The  printing  is  excel- 
lent, and  the  paper  so  good  that  the  cuts  are  un- 
injured by  the  letter-press  on  their  backs.  The 
drawing  and  engraving  are  of  a  high  order  ;  the 
figures  are  wonderfully  varied  and  alive,  and  the 
subjects  generally  treated  with  great  decency,  for 
that  time.  I  say  generally,  for  one  illustration  is 
the  dirtiest  I  ever  saw. 

As  the  book  is  not  common,  perhaps  you  may 
find  room  for  a  handsome  compliment  to  the  Eng- 
lish youth  of  the  beginning  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  In  an  address  to  the  Netherlandish 
young  men  in  London  Quintyn  says  :  — 

"  De  Engels  Jeugdt  aldaer 

U  voorgaet  allegaer, 
In  Eerbaerheijt  van  leven : 
Wilt  haer  nu  volgen  dan 
Om  dat  myn  pen  u  kan 
Haest  heter  roem  na  geven 
Siet,  hoe  de  Engels  Maegt, 
Haer  Vader  daer  behaegt ; 
Als  sy  in  vuyle  weder, 
Eerbiedig  op  de  straet 

Haer  plicht  hem  blijkcn  laet, 
Int  vallen  voor  hem  neder  *, 
Sie  ist  in  kleren  net 
Niet  slordig  als  een  slet 
Niet  kaeckel-bont  als  hoeren 
Hoe  komtem  dan  Vriendin, 
Dat  gy,  door  dertel  sin,    ■ 
Vlaet  aldus  vervoreren? 

*  An  expensive  mark  of  respect  if  the  daughter  is  not 
emancipated,  and  the  father  pays  her  dressmaker. 


536 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59. 


Dy  Jongman,  die  daer  leeft, 

De  Engelsman  oocli  geeft 
Een  voorbeeldt,  om  te  leeren : 

Sie  hem  sijn  Ouders  daer, 

AUijdt  so  voor  als  naer, 
Gehoorsam  sijn,  ea  eeren." — P.  80. 

Lacde. — Probably  Laale  is  the  collector  of  pro- 
▼erbs,  known  also  as  Petrus  Legista.  There  are 
many  editions  of  his  work  ;  the  best  is,  — 

"PederLolles  Samling  af  danske  og  latinske  Ordsprog, 
optrykt  efter  den  oeldste  Udgave  af  Aar,  1506,  og  med 
Anraoerkninger  oplyst  af  II.  N^-erup.  Kiobenhavn,  1828, 
8vo.  pp.  408," 

In  the  preface  will  be  found  all  that  is  known 
about  Laale. 

Of  Morweg  I  can  find  no  account.        H.  B.  C. 
U.  U.  Club. 


WABREN    HASTINGS     IMPEACHMENT. 

(2°i  S.  vii.  145.  204.) 

In  the  former  of  these  places  P.  H.  F.  on  the 
authority  of  Mr.  Gurney  states  that  the  cele- 
brated speech  of  Mr.  Sheridan  was  not  published 
in  any  more  authentic  form  than  in  the  newspa- 
pers of  the  day.  In  the  latter,  another  cor- 
respondent says  there  exists  no  report  of  the 
celebrated  speech  delivered  by  Mr.  Sheridan  on 
7th  Feb.  1787.  The  question  naturally  arises  as 
to  how  much  of  that  famous  speech  has  been  pre- 
served. 

My  attention  having  been  called  to  the  subject 
in  connexion  with  a  volume  in  my  possession  is 
the  reason  for  the  present  Note.  The  volume  al- 
luded to  contains  four  articles  :  — 

1.  The  Speech  of  Mr.  Hardinge,  at  the  Bar  of  the 
Lords,  Dec.  IG,  1783.  London :  J.  Stockdale,  1784,  pp. 
82. 

2.  Articles  of  Charge  of  High  Crimes  and  Misdemea- 
nors against  Warren  Hastings,  Esq.,  April  4th,  1786.  By 
Burke.    London :  J.  Debrett,  1786,  pp.  322. 

3.  The  Speech  of  R.  B.  Sheridan,  Esq.,  Member  for 
Stafford,  on  Wednesday  the  7th  of  Februarjs  1787,  in 
bringing  forward  the  Fourth  Charge  against  Warren 
Hastings,  Esq.,  relative  to  the  Begums  of  Oude.  The 
Second  Edition,  revised,  corrected,  and  enlarged.  Re- 
ported by  a  Member  of  the  House  of  Commons.  London  : 
Printed  for  J.  French,  Bookseller,  No.  164.  Fenchurcli 
Street,  1787,  pp.  76. 

4.  The  Speech  of  Rt.  Hon.  W.  W.  Grenville  in  Com- 
mittee on  State  of  Nation,  Jan.  16,  1789.  London : 
Stockdale,  1789,  pp.  58. 

From  the  preface  to  No.  3.  I  quote  the  com- 
mencement :  — 

"  Solicitous  as  the  public  arc  to  have  a  perfect  copy  of 
the  most  eloquent  speech  that  was  ever  delivered  in  Par- 
liament, their  wishes  must  be  in  a  great  measure  disap- 
pointed, from  the  ver3''  liberal  determination  of  Mr. 
Sheridan  to  give  no  kind  of  assistance  in  reporting  it 
publicly." 

At  p.  2.  the  occasion  is  thus  described  :  — 

"Mr.  Sheridan,  during  a  speech  which  lasted  near  five 
hours  and  three  quarters,  commanded  the  most  profound 


attention  and  admiration  of  the  House.  His  matchless 
oration  united  the  most  solid  argument  with  the  most 
persuasive  eloquence.  His  sound  reasoning  giving  ad- 
ditional energy  to  truth,  and  his  logical  perspicuity, 
and  unerring  judgment,  throwing  a  light  upon,  and  per- 
vading the  obscurity,  of  the  most  involved  and  compli- 
cafed  subject." 

The  report  is  almost  entirely  in  the  third  per- 
son, and  is  such  a  one  as  might  be  produced  by 
copious  notes,  written  out  very  soon  after  by  a 
person  of  retentive  memory. 

While  upon  the  subject  may  I  inquire  what 
became  of  the  great  collection  of  printed  docu- 
ments relating  to  this  famous  trial,  and  which 
filled  a  good  many  folio  volumes  ?  It  remained 
at  Daylesford  until  six  or  seven  years  since,  when 
I  saw  it  just  prior  to  the  sale  by  which  the 
contents  of  the  house  were  scattered  lor  ever. 

B.  H.  C. 


THE    GREAT    BELL    OF    MOSCOW  :     CHINESE     INVEN- 
TIONS. 

(2"''  S.  vlli.  306.  442.) 

Not  having  said  that  the  bell  of  Moscow  was 
fractured  by  ringing,  as  M.  van  Lennep  infers,  I 
nevertheless  offer  no  objection  to  his  caveat  to 
others  to  prevent  a  like  erroneous  inference.  M. 
VAN  Lennep  objects  partially  to  my  statement 
that  Europeans  are  indebted  to  the  Chinese  for 
the  invention  of  the  magnet,  and  wholly  to  my 
statement  that  they  are  similarly  indebted  to  the 
Chinese  for  the  art  of  printing  and  paper-monej'. 
M.  VAN  Lennep  thinks  it  behoves  me  to  show  that 
this  really  was  the  case.  As  these  remarks  refer 
to  obiter  dicta,  I  may  fairly  reply  that  I  merely 
stated  my  own  opinion  on  a  matter  dependent  for 
proof  on  circumstantial  evidence  only,  on  which 
he  is  equally  entitled  to  hold  an  opposite  opinion, 
without  being  required  to  show  that  "  this  really 
was  the  case."  In  fairness  to  the  Chinese  I  must 
add  to  the  magnet,  printing  and  paper-mone)-, 
gunpowder,  pyrotechnics,  porcelain,  silk,  German 
silver,  and  lacquered  ware.  The  propositions 
which  I  consider  indisputable  in  reference  to 
these  inventions,  are,  I.  The  origin  of  these  arts 
is  certainly  to  be  ascribed  to  the  Chinese ;  and 
they  are  of  uncertain  invention  in  Europe.  2., 
All  these  arts  existed  in  China  long  before  they 
were  known  to  Europeans  ;  and  3.  That  means  of 
intercourse  between  China  and  this  western  por- 
tion of  the  earth,  whereby  these  arts  might  be 
copied  from  the  Chinese,  have  existed  from  re- 
mote ages  and  anterior  to  history.  To  adduce 
the  evidence  on  which  I  rest  my  opinion,  would 
far  exceed  the  limits  of  "  N.  &  Q."  :  nevertheless, 
I  will  add  a  few  excerpts  which  may  be  deemed 
worthy  of  notice,  and  which  may  not  be  generally 
known. 

Magnet. 

The  communication  of  polarity  to  iron  by  the 


2^*  S.  VIII.  Dice.  31.  '59.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


537 


loadstone  is  first  inentione<I  iii  a  Chinese  dic- 
tionary finished  a.d.  121. 

The  needle  of  the  largest  compass  (in  China)  is 
not  above  three  inches  lonjr,  one  end  of  which  is  a 
kind  of  Jloirer-de-hice,  and  the  other  a  tridept ; 
ihey  are  all  made  at  Navgazaqni.  (Du  Halde,  ii. 
284.) 

Du  Halde  has  stated  that  the  directive  power, 
or  polarity,  of  the  magnet,  was  known  to  the 
Chinese  in  the  earliest  ages,  and  that  the  needle 
had  been  employed  fo  guide  travellers  by  land 
a  thousand  years  before  Christ ;  and  it  is  stated 
by  Humboldt,  that,  according  to  the  Peutlisaoyani, 
a  treatise  on  medical  natural  history,  written 
under  the  Soong  dynasty,  400  years  before  Co- 
lumbus, the  Cliinese  suspended  the  needle  by  a 
thread,  and  found  it  to  decline  to  the  S.E.,  and 
never  to  rest  at  the  true  south  point.  {^Encyc. 
Brit.,  art.  "  Magnetism,"  p.  685.) 

Paper-Money. 

In  the  reign  of  Hong  vou,  when  money  was  be- 
come very  scarce,  they  [the  Chinese]  paid  the 
mandarins  and  soldiers  partly  in  silver  and  partly 
in  paper,  giving  them  a  sheet  of  paper  sealed 
with  the  imperial  seal,  which  was  reckoned  at  a 
ihousand  deniers,  and  was  of  the  same  value  as 
the  taels  of  silver.  These  sheets  are  yet  much 
sought  after  by  those  that  build,  who  hang  them 
up  as  a  rarity  on  the  chief  beam  of  the  house, 
which,  according  to  the  vulgar  notion,  preserves 
the  house  from  all  misfortunes.  (Du  Halde,  ii. 
292.) 

These  imperial  bank  notes  had  the  following 
inscription  :  — 

"  The  Court  of  the  Treasurj^  having  presented  their 
petition,  it  is  decreed  that  the  paper-money  thus  marked 
with  the  Imperial  Seal  of  Ming  shall  pass  current,  and 
be  put  to  the  same  use  as  copper  coin.  Those  who  coun- 
terfeit it  shall  be  beheaded.  He  who  shall  inform  .... 
shall  have  a  reward  of  250  taiJls,  besides  the  goods  of  the 
criminal,  whether  moveable  or  immoveable."  (Z)m  Halde, 
ii.  303.) 

P}-intirig. 

The  engraver  pastes  every  sheet  (transcribed 
by  a  good  writer)  upon  a  plate  of  apple  or  pear- 
tree  wood,  and  with  a  graver  follows  the  traces 
and  carves  out  the  characters  by  cutting  down 
the  rest  of  the  wood  :  so  he  makes  as  many  dif- 
lerent  plates  as  there  are  pages  to  print.  {Du 
Halde,  ii.  435.) 

Nevertheless  the  Chinese  are  not  ignorant  of 
the  manner  of  printing  in  Europe ;  they  have 
moveable  characters  like  ours,  the  only  difference 
is  that  ours  are  of  metal,  and  theirs  of  wood. 
(Du  Halde,  ii.  436.) 

Any  person  who  visits  the  British  Museum 
and  compares  the  earliest  specimens  of  German 
])rinting  with  the  last  and  best  of  the  French  will 
have  ocular  proof  that  Fust  and  Gutenberg  could 
not  have  arrived  at  so  great  a  height  of  perfec- 


tion except  after  ages  of  previous  labours — of  dif- 
ficulties met  and  overcome.  T.  J.  Bdckton. 
Lichfield. 


»f utte^  to  :^tn0r  ^LMtxiti, 

Precedency  (2"^  S.  viii.  398.)— J.  R.  will  find  a 
notice  of  Lord  Egmont's  pamphlet  in  the  Monthly 
Bevieiv,  vol.  xxv.  p.  232.  S.  H. 

Ancient.  Keys  (2"*'  S.  viii.  353.)  —  Some  in- 
teresting information  on  the  early  history  of  locks 
and  keys,  with  illustrated  examples,  is  contained 
in  Treatise  on  Fire  and  Thief-Proof  Depositories, 
and  Locks  and  Keys,  by  George  Price.  London, 
Simpkin  &  Marshall.     1856.  G.  W.  W.  M. 

Highland  Regiment  at  the  Battle  of  Leipsic  (2"'* 
S.  viii.  469.)  —  Sir  William  Congreve,  in  the  in- 
troduction to  his  Rochet  System,  states  that  the 
only  British  force  present  at  this  battle  was  the 
Rocket  Troop  under  Captain  Bogue,  who  was 
killed.  Sigma  Theta. 

Herle  d'Or  (2"''  S.  viii.  424.)— May  not  the 
Camphorosma  Monspesulensis  be  the  herbe  d'or 
inquired  after  by  F.  C.  B.  ?  It  has  a  spike  of 
yellow  flowers,  may  be  said  to  resemble  the  He- 
lianthemura  in  general  character,  and  was  for- 
merly very  highly  esteemed  in  medicine,  though 
now  no  longer  in  repute.  C.  B. 

Old  Ballad  of  Hockley  i  tK  Hole  (2"'^  S.  viii. 
414.) — Mr.  W.  S.  Pinks  will  find  a  copy  of  this 
ballad  in  Merry  Drollery  Complete,  1661,  and  the 
tune  in  The  Dancing  Master,  1651.  It  com- 
mences :  — 

"  Kiding  to  London  on  Dunstable  way, 
I  met  with  a  maid,  on  a  midsummer  day ; 
Her  eyes  they  did  sparkle  like  stars  in  the  sk3-. 
Her  face  it  was  fair,  and  her  forehead  was  high,"  &c. 

Wm.  Chappeli.. 

"  Soul  is  form  and  doth  the  hody  make"  (2"^  S. 
viii.  417.)  —  W.  P.  may  like  to  compare  Hooker, 
Eccl.  Pol  I  3.  (foot  note)  :  — 

"Form  in  other  creatures  is  a  thing  proportionable  unto 
the  soul  in  living  creatures:  sensible  it  is  not,  nor  other- 
wise discernible  than  only  by  effects.  Acctwrditig  to  the 
diversity  of  inward  forms,  things  of  the  world  are  dis- 
tinguished into  their  kinds." 

Ache. 

Pepys's  Diary,  SfC.  (2"^  S.  viii.  433.)  —  There 
can  be  little  difiiculty  in  finding  a  clue  to  the  ex- 
pressions used  by  the  reader  (as  Pepys  calls  him) 
in  his  rather  startling  prayer.  He  was  doubtless 
referring  to  the  consecration  of  the  priests,  and 
the  cleansing  of  the  leper,  in  the  Mosaic  law :  — 

"Then  shalt  thou  kill  the  ram,  and  take  of  his  blood, 
and  put  it  upon  the  tip  of  the  right  ear  of  Aaron,  and 
upon  the  tip  of  the  right  ear  of  liis  sons,  and  upon  the 
thumb  of  their  right  hand,  and  upon  the  great  toe  of  their 


538 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2°d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59. 


right  foot,  and  sprinkle  the  blood  upon  the  altar  round 
about."  Exodus  xxix.  20.  See  also  Leviticus,  viii.  23. ; 
xiv.  14.,  &c. 

C.  W.  Bingham. 

No  Human  Speech  before  the  Flood  without 
Error  (2"*^  S.  viii.  379.)  —  Here  is  an  oversight  of 
Sir  T.  Browne's  editor,  Wilkin,  in  reading  hut  for 
not.  What  Browne  evidently  meant  was  :  "there 
is  not  one  speech  delivered  by  man,  wherein  there 
is  not  an  erroneous  conception."  (  Vulgar  Errors, 
i.  2.)  He  says  there  are  "  but  six  recorded,"  and 
he  discusses  each  sena^m,  pointing  out  particu- 
larly the  erroneous  conceptions  involved  in  all  of 
them,  without  exception.  The  naming  of  Noah 
Browne  does  not  consider  to  be  a  speech. 

T.  J.  BUCKTON. 
Lichfield. 

A  Regiment  all  of  one  Name  (2"*  S.  viii.  351.)  — 
During  the  French  revolutionary  war,  a  regiment 
of  volunteers  was  raised  on  the  Border,  all  of  whom 
were  Elliotts,  and  who  invariably  marched  to  the 
old  tune  of 

"  My  name  it's  wee  Tam  Elliott, 
And  wha  daur  meddle  wi'  me." 

W.  B.  C. 
Nelsons  Car  (2"*  S.  viii.  380.)— Nelson's  fu- 
neral car,  which  formei'ly  stood  in  the  Painted 
Hall,  Greenwich  Hospital,  was  removed  about 
thirty-six  years  since,  by  order  of  Mr.  Locker, 
then  Secretary  and  since  Commissioner  of  the 
Hospital.  This  order  is  understood  to  have  given 
great  dissatisfaction.  The  place  assigned  for  it 
was  a  gallery  at  the  foot  of  the  dome,  over  the 
chapel.  It  is  believed,  however,  that  very  little 
of  it  reached  its  destination,  as  the  ear  being  in  a 
dilapidated  state,  large  portions  were  given  away 
to  those  who  applied,  as  mementos  of  the  admiral. 

J.  H.  W. 

Prince  Rupert  (2°"^  S.  viii.  418.)  — Prince  Ru- 
pert's arms,  crest,  and  supporters  may  be  seen  in 
Guillim's  Heraldry,  5th  edition,  folio,  1679; 
Achievements  of  Dukes,  folio  32.  F.  G.  W. 

Naked- Boy  Court  (2"'^  S.  ii.  38. ;  iii.  254.  317. 
456.)  —  With  us,  in  Holland,  the  beautiful  and 
cold-like  little  plant,  which  almost  appears  to 
shiver  in  its  scanty  dress  of  lanceolated  leaves, 
the  graceful  snowdrop,  is  called  Jiaakfe  mannetje, 
naked  mannikin,  or  sneeuw-manneije.  There  is  so 
much  poetry  in  this  unsophisticated  name,  that  I 
cannot  but  wonder  at  the  prudery  of  the  gentle- 
man who,  when  our  Queen  asked  him  the  Dutch 
for  her  Schnee-gluckchen,  diflSdently  replied 
'■'■  Sneeuwklohjen"  which  never  was  the  popular 
appellation.  Are  the  naked-boys  of  Norfolk  not 
perhaps  identical  with  our  naakte  mannetjesf  or 
does  the  similarity  of  thought  not  point  to  simi- 
larity in  growth,  and,  in  our  nations,  to  identity 
of  origin  ?  Who  knows  but  a  beautiful  and  touch- 
ing legend  is  attached  to  the  two  kinds  of  flowers, 


—  to  snowdrop  and  autumnal  crocus:  the  latter 
only  bearing  fruit  in  Spring,  the  former  cheering 
our  bleak  meadows  with  the  hopes  of  flowering 
May  !  J.  H.  van  Lennep. 

Zeyst,  near  Utrecht. 

Night  (2"^  S.  viii.  11.  57.  78.)— A  correspondent 
has  already  pointed  out  that,  misled  by  the  simi- 
larity of  title,  I  had  hastily  assigned  my  Glasgow 
book  to  the  author  of  Peter  Faultless. 

The  result  of  my  inquiry  is  this :  —  Night,  a 
Poem,  Glas.  1811,  is  the  production  of  Mr.  G. 
Martin  ;  and  Peter  Faultless,  by  the  Author  of 
Night,  is  the  Corn-Law  Rhymer's  invective,  d  la 
Byron,  against  the  Monthly  Reviewers  for  cut- 
ting up  his  Night,  now  shown  to  have  been 
printed  at  London  in  1830. 

If  Elliott  suppressed  Peter  Faultless,  it  was  not 
effectually  done,  for  I  have  two  copies  of  the 
book.  J.  O. 

Scotch  Clergy  deprived  in  1689  (2"'i  S.  viii. 
329.)— 

"An  Account  of  the  present  Persecution  of  the  Church 
in  Scotland,  in  several  Letters.    London.    Printed  for  S. 
Cook.    1690," 
and 

"  The  Case  of  the  present  afflicted  Clergj'  in  Scotland 
truh'  represented,  &c.  Printed  for  J.  Hindmarsh,'  at  the 
Golden  Ball,  over  against  the  Royal  Exchange,  in  Corn- 
hill.     1G90," 

are  works  which,  though  they  do  not  contain  a 
list  of  the  episcopal  clergy  deprived  in  1689,  give 
the  names  of  a  great  many,  and  particulars  of 
their  sufferings. 

"  Dr.  Strachan,  Professor  of  Theology,  Edin- 
burgh, and  one  of  the  ministers  of  the  Tron 
Church,"  is  mentioned  as  "  the  first  sacrifice." 

B.W. 

Birtsmorton  Court,  Worcestershire  (2"*^  S.  viii. 
437.)  —  In  reply  to  your  correspondent  H.  W., 
I  know  of  no  topographical  work  containing  a 
drawing  of  Birtsmorton  Court.  There  is  a  short 
description  of  it  in  Nash's  Worcestershire,  under 
the  "Collections  for  the  Parish;"  and  a  more  full 
account  in  Noake's  Rambler  in  Worcestershire,  3rd 
Series,  published  1854.  _       T.  E.  W. 

The  "latter  work  describes  the  ancient  tombs  in 
the  adjoining  church. 

Military  Funerals  (2°''  S.  vii.496.)  —  To  answer 
A.  C.  LoMAx's  queries  I  have  looked  through 
several  military  works.  The  earliest  account  of 
the  procession,  &c.,  that  I  have  been  able  to  trace 
is  contained  in  a  folio  work  entitled  The  Compleat 
Body  of  the  A7t  Military,  by  Richard  Elton,  Lieut.- 
Colonel,  published  in  1688.  In  chap.  25.  lib.  iir. 
pp.  190-192.,  A,  C.  LoMAx  will  find  full  instruc- 
tions for  "  the  ordering  of  a  private  company  into 
a  funeral  service ; "  and  in  chap.  26.  lib.  in.  p. 
192.  similar  instructions,  though  more  brief,  for 


2'"»  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEKIES. 


539 


"the  ordering  of  a  regiment  to  a  funeral  occa- 
sion." In  both  cases  the  systems  then  followed 
very  much  resemble  the  general  one  now  the  rule 
of  the  service.  The  rear  (that  is,  the  junior  ranks) 
marched  in  front,  with  arms  reversed,  and  at  the 
grave  fired  three  volleys.  This  is  sufficient  to 
show  that  the  custom  is  not  a  modern  institution  ; 
but  whence  its  origin  is  yet  to  be  ascertained. 
Should  A.  C.  LoMAx  desire  a  copy  of  the  chap- 
ters alluded  to,  I  shall  be  happy  to  give  him  at- 
tention. M.  S.  li. 
Brompton  Barracks. 

Grosseteste's  "  Castle  of  Love"  (2"^  S.  viii.416.) 
— On  a  close  consideration  it  would  appear  that 
by  "  fourty  times"  we  are  to  understand  "  forty 
hours."  "  Times,  hours."  (Halliwell,  Wright.) 
Cf.  Dan.  time,  SweJ.  timme,  an  hour.  The  meaning 
of  the  passage  cited  by  Mr.  OrroR  will  then  be 
evident. 

"  For  from  the  rode  for  our  nede, 
Right  into  helle  he  gede ; 
Fourty  times  there  he  wes, 
Er  that  he  to  aryse  ches  "  (chose). 

That  is,  during  the  whole  interval  of  forty 
hours,  from  the  time  when  He  died  upon  the 
cross  to  the  time  when  He  was  pleased  to  rise 
from  .the  dead,  his  spirit  abode  in  the  place  of  de- 
parted souls. 

So  Pearson  On  the  Creed :  —  "  When  all  the 
Bufferings  of  Christ   were  finished  on  the  cross, 

and  his  soul  was  separated  I'rom  his  body 

his  soul  went  to  the  place  where  the  souls  of  men 
are  kept  who  die  for  their  sins."  (Ed.  1849,  p. 
473.)  So  also  the  Articles  of  1552,  which  Pear- 
son cites :  — "  V/hile  dead,"  (that  is,  from  the 
period  when  our  Lord  expired  upon  the  cross  to 
the  period  of  his  resurrection),  "  his  spirit  was 
with  the  spirits  detained  in  prison."  (p.  428.) 

But  how  can  this  make  "  forty  hours?  "  Our 
Lord,  it  is  sufficiently  clear,  expired  upon  the 
cross  about  three  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of 
Good  Friday ;  and  as,  on  the  morning  of  Easter 
Sunday,  his  resurrection  was  an  ascertained  fact 
"  at  the  rising  of  the  sun  "  (Mark  xvi.  3.),  nay, 
"  when  it  was  yet  dark"  (John  xx.  1.),  the  re- 
surrection can  hardly  have  taken  place  later  on 
that  morning  than  four  or  five  o'clock  ;  and  this 
would  make  the  whole  space  of  time  thirty-seven 
hours,  or  thirty-eight  at  the  utmost. 

The  full  discussion  of  this  point  would  be  far 
too  extended  for  your  pages.  Otherwise  it  might 
easily  be  shown  how,  by  a  confusion  of  the  Ro- 
man and  Jewish  computations  of  time,  the  idea 
may  have  very  possibly  arisen  that  the  whole  in- 
terval, from  our  Lord's  death  to  his  resurrection, 
extended  to  the  full  period  of  "  fourty  times,"  or 
forty  hours.  Thomas  Boys. 

Hammer  Cloth  (2"^^  S.  viii.  381.  407.  439.)  — 
Richardson,  in  his  8vo.  Did.,  adopts  the  explana- 


tion of  Pegge,  and   I  think  he  is   right.       He 
writes :  — 

"  Hammer  Cloth,  or  Hammer -boa;  Cloth  :  cloth  to  cover 
the  box  in  front  of  the  carriage  (on  which  the  driver  sits, 
he  should  have  said),  in  which  a  hammer  and  other  im- 
plements, to  prevent  or  remedy  accidents  in  travelling 
were  put.    Since  called  the  coach-box.'^ 

I  have  myself  rode  in  a  four-wheeled  chaise 
with  a  relation  whose  profession  carried  him  all 
over  the  country,  who  always  provided  himself 
with  all  these  utensils  in  the  box  under  his  seat. 
How  much  more  necessary  would  they  be,  con- 
sidering the  state  of  the  roads,  when  coaches  were 
first  introduced,  about  the  middle  of  the  sixteenth 
century.  * 

Hammer  is  a  word  common  to  all  northern  lan- 
guages. Hammock  appears  first  in  the  form  of 
hamae'a,  which  Hackluyt  calls  a  Brazilian  bed, 
used  by  the  Spaniards  and  by  themselves  while  in 
the  country.  This  word  the  Dutch,  Germans, 
Swedes,  and  Danes,  seem  to  have  transformed 
into  hang-mat. 

But  your  correspondent,  Mb.  Oede,  has  no  doubt 
hammock- cloth  is  the  correct  reading.     I  have. 

I  leave  the  interpretation  of  shin-cloth  to  some 
learned  member  of  the  Philological  Society.       Q. 

Old  Graveyards  in  Ireland  (2°'^  S.  viii.  69.)  — 
I  copied  the  following  from  an  Irish  periodical 
some  years  ago,  but  cannot  now  say  the  name  of 
it.     It  is  an  epitaph  on  Edward  Moiley,  viz. :  — 

"  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  the  benevolent  Edward 
MoUej',  the  frieriil  of  humanitj',  and  father  of  the  poor. 
He  employed  the  weaith  of  this  world  only  to  secure  the 
riches  of  the  next ;  and  leaving  a  balance  of  merit  on  the 
Book  of  Life,  he  made  Heaven  debtor  to  Mercy." 

The  words  in  Italics  are  so  in  the  publication  ; 
and  I  can  only  ask  some  local  correspondent  of 
"iST.  &  Q.," — Is  it  possible?         George  Lloyd. 

Kentish  Longtails  (2""  S.  viii.  377.  425.) —  A 
very  valuable  little  treatise  on  the  Domesday 
Book,  by  James  F.  Morgan,  M.A.,  intituled  Eng- 
land under  the  Norman  Occupation  (Williams  & 
Norgate),  has  the  following  suggestion  (p.  40.) 
on  this  subject :  — 

"  There  was  a  mile  peculiar  to  Kent,  as  well  as  a  cus- 
tomary field  admeasurement.  These  long  tales  are  possi- 
bly' the  longtails  of  which  this  countj'  used  to  be  so 
proud." 

Notes  appended  refer  to  the  proverb  about 
"  Kentish  miles, "  and  quote  from  Drayton, 
Longtails  and  Liberty.  B.  B.  Woodward. 

"  Decanatus  Christianitatis"  (2°**  S.  viii.  415.)  — 
The. term  Christianitas,  which  in  a  larger  sense 
included  all  Christian  people,  sometimes  implied 
the  clergy  :  "  Christianitas,  pro  Clericatu."  The 
Christianitatis  Decanus  was  the  Dean  who  pre- 
sided over  the  clergy  of  a  particular  district. 
"  Christianitatis  Decanus,  qui  in  suo  districtu 
prseesfc  Christianitati.    Philippus,  Decanus  Chris- 


540 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»'»  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '59. 


iianiiatls  Stampensis"  [d'Etampes].  "  Vocato  ad 
hoc  Decano  Christianitutis  loci."  Du  Cange,  1842. 
It  would  appear,  then,  that  the  expression  Dc- 
canatus  Christianitatis,  as  applied  to  lands^  indi- 
cated the  prcedium  specially  assigned  for  the  due 
maintenance  of  the  Dean,  as  chief  of  the  Chapter. 

Thomas  Boys. 

Portraits  of  Archbishop  Laud  (2"'»  S.  viii.  309. 
437.)  —  On  a  blank  page  in  the  register  book  of 
South  Kilworth,  co.  Leicester,  there  is  a  pen 
and  ink  sketch  of  Archbishop  Laud,  with  the 
name  of  Vandyke,  if  I  remember  rightly,  in  the 
corner.  A. 

Altar  Tomb  as  Communion  Table  (2°''  S.  viii. 
379.)  —  At  Tong,  in  Shropshire,  there  is  a  very 
fine  alabaster  tomb  used  as  the  communion  table. 
There  is  a  very  good  description  of  Tong  church 
in  one  of  the  six  first  numbers  of  the  Archceolo- 
gical  Journal.  A. 

Liverpool,  c\c.  (2"'^  S.  viii.  110.  198.  239.  257.)  — 
As  this  is  said  to  be  a  vexed  question,  perhaps 
the  following  extract  from  The  Glossary  of  He- 
raldry, p.  203.,  published  by  J.  H.  Parker,  Oxford, 
may  be  interesting  to  3'our  correspondent  B.ILC, 
as  suggestive  of  the  derivation  of  the  name :  — 

"Lever — The  cormorant;  part  of  the  insignia  of  the 
town  of  Liverpool." 

E.  A.  B. 

Sancte-bell  (V^  S.  v.  104.  208.;  x.  332.  434.; 
xi.  150.) — As  these  bells  are  by  no  means  com- 
mon, I  may  perhaps  be  allowed  to  fill  a  brief  space 
in  these  pages  by  mentioning  four  examples  that 
are  not  given  in  Bloxam's  Glossary :  — 

1.  Wyre,  Worcestershire.  This  church  is  of 
Saxon  (or,  at  any  rate,  very  early  Norman)  archi- 
tecture, and  the  bell-cot  (in  which  the  sancte-bell 
still  remains)  at  the  junction  of  the  nave  and 
chancel,  appears  to  be  contemporaneous  with  the 
earliest  portions  of  the  edifice. 

2.  Hampton  Lovett,  Worcestershire.  This  church 
Las  been  lately  restored  by  Sir  John  Pakington, 
but  I  presume  that  the  old  bell-cot  has  not  been 
interfered  with. 

3.  Whitbou7-ne,  Herefordshire,  close  on  the  bor- 
ders of  Worcestershire  in  the  valley  of  the  Teme. 
A  fine  ancient  lych-gate  will  also  be  found  here. 

4.  March,  Cambridgeshire.  The  bell- cot  is  very 
handsome,  and  in  good  condition,  but  the  bell  is 
gone.  The  state  of  this  beautiful  church,  as  re- 
gards its  horse-boxes  of  pues,  and  its  "  Gre- 
cian" chancel,  is  much  to  be  deplored;  but  the 
open  timber  roof  of  the  nave  is "  a  thing  of 
beauty,"  and,  it  is  to  be  hoped,  will  remain  "  a 
joy  for  ever."  It  is  in  a  fine  state  of  preservation, 
and  is  a  mass  of  elaborate  ornament.  Its  most 
striking  and  beautiful  feature  consists  in  its  eighty 
figures  of  angels,  with  their  wings  loidely  -spread, 
and  the  outer  feathers  left  distinct.  Such  a  winged 


company,  and  in  such  an  unmutilated  condition,  is 
a  rare  sight,  and  is  worthy  of  a  visit,  even  though 
that  visit  should  necessarily  include  the  dangers 
and  discomforts  of  the  Eastern  Counties  Railway. 

CUTHBERT  BeDE. 

Titles  conferred  by  Olicer  Cromv;e\l  (2°*  S.  vii. 
476.  518. ;  viii.  382.  420.)  —The  Protector  made 
one  baronet  of  Ireland,  viz.  Maurice  Fenton,  son 
and  heir  of  Sir  William  Fenton  of  Mitchelstown, 
CO.  Cork,  Knight,  who  was  so  created  14  July, 
1658.  According  to  Burke  {Extinct  and  Dormant 
Baronetcies,  p.  605.)  he  was  succeeded  in  the  title 
by  his  son  Sir  William,  called  second  baronet, 
which,  if  correct,  is  singular,'a3  tliere  seems  to  be  no 
vestige  of  any  other  creation  by  Charles  II.  Sir 
Maurice  was  one  of  the  Irish  members  of  Richard 
Cromwell's  House  of  Commons.  R.  R. 

Extracts  from  an  Early  MS.  (2""^  S.  viii.  411.) 
—  I  can  identify  the  last  of  these  extracts.  The 
words  "  Sanguineo  ore  Gallus  contra  Anglos  "  are 
not  a  line,  but  only  a  heading  prefixed  by  the 
transcriber  to  the  verses  which  follow,  beginning 
"  SicciDC  tarn  crebris  frustra  conventibus  Anglos 
Qiiaerimus,  et  dubii  pacis  abimus  iter." 
They  were  written  in  the  bitterness  of  his  spirit 
by  (^aguin,the  minister  of  Charles  VIII.  of  France, 
who  was  sent  over  to  England  in  embassy  in  the 
winter  of  1490,  with  a  view  to  establish  friendly 
relations  between  the  two  countries.  Charles  VIIL 
was  at  that  time  engaged  ia  war  with  Brittany, 
which  he  was  bent  on  reducing  into  complete  sub- 
jection ;  and  England  was  looking  on  with  great 
impatience,  determined  to  interfere,  as  she  after- 
wards did,  though  too  late,  in  behalf  of  the  duchy, 
and  at  the  same  time  compel  the  King  of  France 
to  acknowledge  himself  a  vassal  of  England  by 
the  renewal  of  the  tribute  paid  by  Lewis  XL  to 
Edward  IV.  Ambassadors  of  both  powers  first 
met  at  Calais;  afterwards  Gaguin  and  his  col- 
leagues came  to  England,  but  after  a  good  deal  of 
going  and  coming  were  unable  to  effect  the  object 
of  their  mission.  Gaguin  revenged  himself  for  his 
ill  success  by  the  above  epigram,  wliich  is  men- 
tioned by  Bernard  Andre  in  his  Life  of  Henry 
VIL*  recently  edited  by  me  in  the  Government 
Series  of  Chronicles.  Unfortunately  Andre  quotes 
only  the  first  line  of  the  poem  ;  otherwise  it  would 
have  been  possible  to  correct  some  manifest  errors 
and  omissions  in  H.  F.'s  copy,  which  I  can  throw 
no  light  on.  There  is  no  difficulty,  however,  about 
the  general  sense. 

Henry  VII.  was  perhaps  not  insensible  to  the 
taunt  of  ingratitude  thrown  at  him  in  the  line 

"  Exul,  ope  nostra  victor,  ad  anna  redis," 
having  been  unquestionably  indebted  to  France 
for  his  elevation  to  the  throne.     All  the  poets  on 
this  side  the  Cliannel  appear  to  have  taxed  their 
ingenuity  to  answer   Gaguin.     That  of  iEgidius 

*  See  Memorials  of  Henry  VII.  p.  5C. 


2°«  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31.  '69.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


541 


Anglicus  in  II.  F.'s  MS.  was  probably  not  the 
worst  reply,  Bernard  Andre  mentions  one  by 
Cornelius  Vitellius,  beginning 

"Siccine  piirpureos  incessis  carmine  rej^es? 
Legati  officio  siccine  functus  abis.'" 

and  others  by  John  de  GIglis  and  Petrus  Carme- 
lianus  of  Brescia,  the  king's  secretary.  Andre 
himself,  as  he  rather  amusingly  tells  us,  composed 
nearly  200  lines  in  answer,  consisting  of  about 
fifty  hexameters,  two  sets  of  elegiac  verses,  and  a 
hendecasyllabic  poem,  of  each  of  which  he  qiiotes 
the  commencement,  and  of  the  latter  the  conclu- 
sion, "propter  memoriam,  sen  majus  jactantiam." 

James  Gairdnee. 
Passports  (2"'^  S.  viii.  117.)  —  Some  notices  re- 
lative to  the  origin,  form,  and  purpose  of  passports 
have  appeared  in  "  N.  &  Q."  I  transmit  the  fol- 
lowing quotation  from  the  recelit  most  interesting 
volume  of  the  Camden  Society,  Original  Papers 
illustratice  of  the  Life  and  W?-itings  of  Milton, 
edited  by  W.  Douglas  Hamilton  of  H.  M.  State 
Paper  Office  :  — 

"  The  third  in  the  form  of  Letters  Patent  granted  to 
the  German  divine  Peter  George  Romswinckel,  is  a  good 
example  of  the  early  passports,  -whicli  were  not,  lilse  their 
modern  substitutes,  mere  permissions  to  enter  the  terri- 
tories of  friendly  states,  but  letters  of  recommendation 
authorising  the  bearer  to  travel  without  molestation 
through  the  dominions  of  the  government  by  which  they 
were  granted,  and  to  quit  its  ports  in  safety ;  for  at  that 
time  no  one  could  leave  the  shores,  even  of  England, 
without  permission. 

"  The  value  of  the  passport  had  reference  rather  to  the 
departure  of  the  traveller  from  his  own  country  than  to 
his  landing  abroad,  although,  as  it  generally'  expressed 
his  position  in  society  and  the  object  of  his  journej',  it 
was  often  found  of  service  at  foreign  courts,  and  some- 
times, as  in  this  instance,  recommended  the  bearer  to  the 
good  oflfices  of  friendly  powers." 

If  I  may  hazard  a  conjecture  for  the  considera- 
tion of  others,  I  should  submit  that  a  passport,  or 
permission  to  leave  the  shores  of  England,  was  re- 
quisite from  a  very  early  period,  and  that  the  ne- 
cessity of  this  encouraged  a  kind  of  contraband 
trade  for  the  conveyance  to  the  courts  of  France 
of  those  who  were  unable  or  unwilling  to  obtain 
the  necessary  pass.  There  would  be  also,  I  think, 
a  difference  between  a  passport  and  a  permission 
to  travel.  S.  H. 

^^  Damask"  (2°^  S.  viii.  430.) — Damasking  was 
properly  the  art  of  engraving  or  channelling  steel, 
and  inlaying  the  cavities  thus  opened  witli  gold  or 
silver,  after  the  fashion  of  Damascus.  To  damask 
was  also  to  work  silk,  linen,  &c.  with  flowers  or 
figures ;  but  it  was,  thirdly,  to  mark  paper  after  a 

similar  fashion.      "  To   damask to  draio 

dravghts  on  paper."  (Bailey,  1736.)  It  would 
seem  that  something  of  this  last  kind  was  intended 
by  the  Act  which  required  that  the  sheets  of  every 
pirated  book  should  be  forfeited  to  the  lawful 
proprietors  of  the  work ;  and  that  the  proprietors 


should  '■'■damask  "  the  said  sheets,  "  and  make  waste 
paper  of  them."  The  proprietors,  though  they 
received  the  forfeited  sheets,  were  not  to  have  the 
benefit  of  them  as  so  much  letterpress,  but  were 
to  efface  or  cancel  them.  Probably  in  this  case 
the  particular  mode  of  damasking  employed, 
was  by  making  of  the  sheets  what  we  now  call 
marbled  paper  ;  an  article  which  in  former  times, 
I  believe,  publishers  and  bookbinders  often  manu- 
factured for  themselves.  But  there  is  also  a  kind 
of  paper,  called  damask  paper,  occasionally  used 
for  the  lining  of  books. 

"  To  damask  potable  liquors  "  was,  by  a  farther 
extension  of  meaning,  "to  warm  them  a  little,  to 
make  them  mantle."     (Bailey.)       Thomas  Boys. 

I  would  suggest  that  this  word,  as  used  in  the 
enactment  quoted  by  Inquirer,  may  not  refer  at 
all  to  the  word  derived  from  Damascus,  but  may 
be  derived  from  the  French  word  demasquer,  and 
mean  "  to  disfigure  and  spoil  the  books,"  and  so 
change  their  appearance  as  to  prepare  ihem  for 
waste  paper.  F.  C.  IT. 

Four  Kings  (2"*  S.  viii.  417.)  —  There  is  an 
earlier  instance  of  the  entertainment  of  four  kings 
by  a  private  individual.  Under  the  date  of  1363, 
Stow  relates  that  Sir  Henry  Pican,  a  merchant- 
vintner  of  Gascony,  who  had  been  mayor,  made  a 
magnificent  entertainment  at  his  house  (since 
called  the  "  Vintry")  for  no  less  than  four  kings 
at  once,  viz.  of  England,  Edward  IV. ;  Scotland, 
David  Bruce ;  France,  John  ;  and  Cyprus,  Peter : 
besides  the  kings'  sons  and  most  of  the  nobility  of 
England,  who  were  also  present :  — 

"  This  deserves  our  particular  notice,  for  as  we  do  not 
read  of  so  many  foreign  princes  to  have  been  in  England 
at  one  time,  so  certainly  never  before  had  any  private 
citizen  the  honour  to  entertain  so  many." — ^Tyrrell's  Hist, 
of  Enqland,  v.  G54. 

W.  D.  C. 

Clarendon  House,  Piccadilly  (2"^  S.^  viii.  400.)— 
I  think  J.  G.  N.  must  have  been  mistaken  when 
he  said  that  the  pilasters  on  either  side  the 
"  Three  Kings'  Inn"  gateway  have  been  removed, 
as  the  right  hand  one  is  still  standing  in  its  usual 
place ;  and  the  left  band  one  has  been  removed, 
but  a  few  weeks  ago,  to  a  little  farther  down  the 
yard,  where  (I  am  informed)  it  still  lies. 

Chelsega. 

Publication  of  Banns  (2''^  S.  viii.  227.)— In  the 
church  of  Roydon,  near  Diss,  the  banns  of  mar- 
riage are  published  after  the  Nicene  Creed. 

Remigius. 

Brasses  at  West  Harling  (2"^  S.  viii.  417.  461.) 
—  I  think  that  F.  C.  H.  wrote  somewhat  hastily 
when  he  stated  that  the  expression  "et  pro  quibus 
tenentur"  is  frequently  met  with  on  sepulchral 
brasses.  I  have  read  through  some  hundreds  of 
inscriptions  on  these  memorials,  and  can  recollect 
but  one  other  instance  besides  that  at  West  Har- 


542 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[2»d  S.  VIII.  Dec.  31. '59. 


ling.     It  is  at  Eton  College  Chapel,   and  is  as 
follows :  — 

"  Orate  p  Aiab^  Walter!  Hangh  Margarete  &  Isabelle 
vxorum  eius  et  p  quib'J  dcils  [i.  c.  dictus]  Walterus  orare 
tend'  [».  e.  tenetur]  qui  quylm  Walterus  obijt  xxvij°  die 
novembris  Anno  diii  Millmo  CCCCC°  t°  quor'  AiabS 
ppiciet'  de  ?  " 

The  insertion  here  of  the  word  0}-are  In  con- 
nection with  tenetur  clearly  shows  that  the  ex- 
pression is  to  be  rendered  (as  originally  suggested 
by  the  editor  of  "  N.  &  Q.")  by  "  bmind  to  pray  f 
it  is  perhaps  equivalent  to  the  exhortation  "  to 
pray  for  all  Christian  souls,"  which  is  often  found 
in  English  inscriptions  on  brasses.        H.  Haines. 

Gloucester. 

"  Et  pro  quibus  tenentur."  Any  suggestion  of 
your  learned  correspondent  F.  C.  H.  deserves 
consideration,  but  I  thiuk  there  can  be  little 
doubt  that  the  explanation  you  have  given  is  the 
correct  one.  Certainly  it  is  the  meaning  I  should 
be  led  to  attach  to  the  phrase  from  the  following 
amplification  of  it  preserved  by  Blomefield,  Nor- 
wich, S.  John  Maddermarket.  "  On  a  brass  on  a 
stone  by  the  altar," 

"Orate  pro  animabus  Thome Caus,"  &c.  &c.  " Johanne 
et  Helene  Uxorum  ejus,  qui  quidem  Johannes  ab  hae  luce 
migravit  xiii<»  die  Sept  A"  diii  1560,  et  pro  quibus  idem 
Thomas  orare  tenetur,  quorum  animabus,"  &c. 

I  have  met  with  the  expression  in  old  Latin 
wills.  The  following  is  the  nearest  translation 
that  I  remember  to  have  seen.  It  is  from  a  will 
dated  1505  :  — 

"Itm.  I  will  have  a  honest  secular  prest  of  good  name 
and  good  fame  to  sing  and  py  for  my  faders  sooUe  my 
moders  solle  my  soUe,  &c."  "  And  for  all  the  solles  that 
I  and  my  said  fader  and  moder  are  beholden  to." 

ExTBANBUS. 


NOTES   ON   BOOKS,  ETC. 

The  Boy's  Play  Booh  of  Science,  including  the  various 
Manipulations  and  Arrangements  ef  Chemical  and  Philo- 
sophicdt  Apparatus  required  for  the  successful  Performance 
of  Scientific  Experiments  in  illustration  of  the  Elementary 
JSranches  of  Chemistry  and  Natural  Philosophy.  By  John 
Henry  Pepper.  Illustrated  with  upwards  of  400  Engrav- 
ings.   (Routledge.) 

The  success  of  Mr.  Pepper  as  a  popular  lecturer  on 
scientific  subjects  is  well  known.  The  interest  which 
his  lectures  excited  in  the  minds  of  many  of  his  youthful 
auditors  was  shown  by  the  numerous  inquiries  made  by 
them  as  to  the  mode  of  performing  his  experiments. 
These  inquiries  Mr.  Pepper  now"  answers  in  the  present 
volume,  containing  a  series  of  philosophical  experiments 
detailed  in  such  a  manner  —  the  manipulations  being  ar- 
ranged in  a  methodical,  simple,  and  popular  form  —  that 
any  young  person  may  perform  them  with  the  greatest 
facility.  When  we  add  that  they  are  made  yet  more 
plain  by  upwards  of  four  hundred  illustrations  from  Mr. 
Pepper's  'sketches,  there  can  be  little  doubt  that  The 
Boy's  Play  Book  of  Science  will  take  a  high  place  among 
books  of  this  class — for  we  can  conceive  no  more  welcome 
present  to  any  intelligent  boy. 


Messrs.  Smith  &  Elder  obviously  do  not  agree  with 
Addison,  that  it  is  not  in  mortals  to  command  success;  for 
by  the  arrangements  of  their  new  periodical.  The  Comhill 
Magazine,  it  is  clear  they  mean  to  win  it.  Passing  over 
their  shrewd  selection  of  an  editor,  it  is  obvious  from  the 
character  of  the  articles,  the  reputation  of  the  writers, 
the  illustrations,  paper  and  presswork,  that  they  intend 
the  Cornhill  Magazhie  to  bo  one  of  the  permanent  institu- 
tions of  the  country.  It  is  a  marvel  of  cheapness,  and  a 
model  of  excellence. 

Christmas  Books. — We  have  another  small  batch  of 
these  publications  of  the  season  yet  to  dispose  of.  Among 
these,  Christmas  Week,  a  Christmas  Tale,  by  Professor 
Christmas,  for  which  we  are  indebted  to  Messrs.  Black, 
is  a  cheerful  and  interesting  story  pleasantly  told.  To 
Messrs.  Bell  &  Daldy  we  owe  Nursery  Tales  by  Mrs. 
Motherly,  a  pleasant  companion  to  the  very  successful 
Nursery  Poetry  of  the  same  writer,  and  which  is  as  pret- 
tily illustrated  as  that  was ;  and  also,  The  Children's  Picture 
Book  of  Scripture  Parables,  loritten  in  simple  Language,  by 
J.  Erskine  Clarke,  M.A.,  with  IG  large  Illustrations  by 
Warren,  and  The  Cfnldren's  Pilgrim's  Progress,  with  16 
large  Ilhistrations  by  Wehnert,  both  of  which  will  find 
favour  with  many  juvenile  readers  for  the  beauty  of  the 
plates.  Messrs.  Routledge  have  added  to  their  stock  of 
cheap  Christmas  Books,  A  Christmas  Hamper,  by  Mark 
Lemon,  containing  some  half  dozen  pleasant  Tales  of  the 
Season  ;  and  what  is  surely  most  appropriate,  The  Dinner 
Question ;  or.  How  to  Dine  Well  and  Economically,  by 
Tabitha  Tickletooth,  which  is  an  excellent  shilling's 
worth. 


BOOKS'    AND    ODD    VOLUMES 

WANTED   TO  FUSCHASB. 

Particulars  of  Price,  &c.,of  the  following  Books  to  be  sent  direct  to 
the  gentlemen  by  wliom  they  are  required,  and  whose  names  and  ad- 
dresses are  given  for  that  purpose. 

Cosin's  WoiiKs  (Anol.  Cath.  Lib.)    Vol.  IV. 

Wanted  by  Eev.  W.  Sparrow  Simpson,  Picctory,  Friday  Street,  E.C. 


Nbal's  HisTonY  op  THE  PoaiTANS.    2  Vols.    4to. 

Wanted  by  Jno.  T.  Cheetham,  Firwood,  Chadderton,  near 
Manchester. 


^aiitt^  t0  Correi^fi0ntf«uW. 

"N.  &Q."  of  Saturday  next  (Jan.  6),  the  first  Number  of  ow  New 
Volume,  will  contain,  among  other  interesting  and  amusing  articles,  the 
follomng  Papers :  — 
John  Bruce, Esq.     -       -    Tlie  King's  Scutclieon. 
Sir  Henry  Ellis         -       -    Earh/  List  of  Bankrupts. 
T.  Keightley,  Esq.  -       -    Peele's  Edward  IV. 
Rt.  Hon.  SirG.  C.  Lewis  -    The  Bonasus,  the  Bison,  and  the  Bubalus. 
Rev.  Dr.  Maitland   -       -    The  Aldinc  Aratvs. 
Rev.  J. E.  B.  Mayor        -    Alexander   of  Abonoteidios  and  Joseph 

Smith. 
J.  H.  Markland.Esq.       -    Watson,  Home,  and  Jones. 
Proffessor  De  Morgan       -    Rev.  T.  Bayes. 
J.  G.  Nichols,  Esq.         -    Gascoigne  the  Poet. 

Ache.    Macbeth,  Act  IV.  Sc.  \.sa>/s:  — 

"  But  yet  I'll  make  assurance  double  sure, 
And  take  a  bond  of  fate." 

Selhach.  Eor  the  derivation  of  Carronade,  see  ow  1st  S.  ix.  408.; 
xi.  247. 

Inoleboko.    a  reply  wiUbe  found  in  1st  S.  ix.  107. 

J.  W.  (Birmingham.)  On  the  early  use  of  Coal  in  Britain,  see  2nd  S. 
vii.  24.  303. 

Ebhata.  The  death  of  Dr.  Benj.  Heath  (an«6,  p.  402.)  should  be 
May  31, 1817  :  2nd  S.  \iii.  p.  397.  col.  ii.  1.  17  from  bottom,  fen-  "fifth" 
read"  sixth." 

"Notes  and  QcHniEs"  is  published  at  noon  on  Friday,  and  is  also 
issued  in  .Monthlt  Parts.  The  subscription  for  Stamped  Copies  fyr 
Six  Months  forwarded  direct  from  the  Publishers  (including  the  Half- 
yearly  Index)  is  lis.  4 A,  which  may  be  paid  by  Post  Office  Order  in 
favour  of  MsscBs.  Bkix  and  Daldy,  186.  Fiiet  Stbbbt,  E.Ci  to  whom 
aU  CoMMCKioATions  ron  tbb  Editor  tlumld  be  addressed. 


INDEX. 


SECOND    SERIES.— VOL.   VIII. 


■JFor  classified  articles,  see  Anonvmoos  Works,  Books  hecextly  PtmustiED,  Epigrams,  Epitaphs,  Folk  Lore, 
Inscriptions,  Junius,  Philology,  Popiana,  Proverbs  and  Phrases,  Quotations,  Shakspebiana,  Songs  axu 
Ballads,  and  Swiftiana.] 


A. 


A.  on  chorus  "  Eku  loro,"  292. 

Choyce,  Joice,  Jocunda,  250. 

Kennedy  (Wm.),  minor  poet,  293. 
A.  (A.)  on  ambassadors  uuburied,  377.  500. 

Bells  rang  backwards,  50-t. 

Blodius  in  heraldry,  177. 

Boley  Hill,  Rochester,  398. 

Bugle,  an  animal,  400. 

Bull  and  bear  of  Stock  li^xchange,  79. 

Classical  cockney  ism,  91.  • 

Crooked  boundaries  of  fields,  440. 

Discountenancing  bills  of  exchange,  226. 

Ducdame,  in  Shakspeare,  284. 

Eleu  loro,  443. 

End,  as  a  local  termination,  432. 

Fap  in  Shakspeare,  285. 

Folk  lore  and  provincialisms,  483. 

Gallimawfry  in  Shakspeare,  285. 

Gunpowder  Plot  discovered  by  magic,  369. 

Handel's  orchestra,  78. 

Harry  Sophister,  86. 

Illoques,  its  derivation,  146. 

Ligatures  facere,  196. 

Monumental  brasses,  their  preservation,  107. 

Northamptonshire  story,  485. 

Pandy,  the  Sepoy  rebel,  89. 

Paoli  (Pascal),  death  of  his  son,  399. 

Tews,  historical  notice  of,  204. 

Pompeii,  encaustic  paintings  at,  89. 

Serfdom  in  England,  278. 

Shooting  soldiers,  memorial  of,  70. 

Side  saddles,  187. 

Story  of  Marshal  Turenne,  88. 

Ten  and  Teuglars,  52. 

Tote,  its  etymology,  443. 

Tricolor  flag  of  France,  192. 

Venice,  its  mediasval  architecture,  108. 

Widow's  cap,  its  origin,  433. 
Abclard  (Peter),  his  works,  103. 
,Al)hba  on  Addison's  house  near  Dublin,  432. 

Baratariana,  95.  139. 

Bibliographical  queries,  29.  186. 


Abhba  on  bride  and  bridegroom  aged  97  and  99,  144. 

Cliarity-box  for  distressed  gentlemen,  108. 

"  Complete  Irish  Traveller,"  its  author,  146. 

Cutis  (John  Lord),  132. 

Danish  forts  in  Ireland,  268. 

Denny  (Lady  Arabella),  88. 

Donnybrook  near  Dublin,  129. 

Dublin  Lord  Mayor,  1764,  207. 

Duhigg  (Bartholomew  Thomas),  9. 

"  Familiar  Epistles  on  the  Irish  Stage,"  512. 

Graveyards  in  Ireland,  69. 

Handel's  Hallelujah  Chorus,  107. 

"  History  of  Ireland,"  its  author,  250. 

Holt  (General  Joseph),  "Memoirs,"  9. 

Irish  Extinct  and  Dormant  Peerage,  288. 

"  Irish  Pursuits  of  Literature,"  515. 

Iri-sh  stamps,  50. 

King  (Abp.),  his  portrait,  169. 

Leslie's  Answer  to  Abp.  King,  252. 

"Letter  to  a  Clergyman,"  &c.,  27. 

Jliller's  Lectures  on  the  Greek  language,  50. 

Murphy  (Bp.),  his  Irish  MSS.,  169. 

Navy  of  England  200  years  ago,  68. 

Xewcome  (Abp.),  Memoirs,  310. 

Nicolson  (Dr.  Wni.),  Abp.  of  Cashel,  413. 

"  Parliament  of  Pimlico,"  &c.,  89. 

Pearce  (Lieut.  Gen.  Thomas),  226. 

Pearce  (Sir  Edward  Lovett),  28. 

Pococke  (Bp.),  Tour  through  Ireland,  109. 

Petty  (Sir  William),  MS.  Letters,  130. 

Power  (Henry  Lord),  378.      . 

Read  (Dr.  James),  70. 

Eingsend,  St.  Matthew's  Chapel,  52. 

Robinson  (Bryan),  M.D.,  28. 

St.  Andrew's  parish,  Dublin,  146. 

St.  Patrick's  ridges,  89. 

Scutch  mills  in  Ireland,  88. 

Sedan-chairs  in  Dublin,  185. 

Ussher  (Sir  William),  324.  438. 

Van  Lewen  (John),  M.D.,  146. 
Abracadabra  on  book  stall  collectors,  494. 

Cromwell  (Oliver),  lettere,  287. 

Drake  (Sir  Francis),  his  portrait,  205. 

Italian  music  in  England,  290. 


544   • 


INDEX. 


Abracadabra  on  Kubens'  pass,  and  destroyed  record?,  410 

Unlucky  days,  429. 
Abrough,  or  Borough  family,  89. 
Ache  on  cock  and  bull  stories,  215. 
Drunkard's  corpse  burnt,  12. 
Hooker's  Eccles.  Polity,  quoted,  537. 
Odcombyan  decambulator,  14. 

Pregnant  women  pardoned,  29. 
Side  saddles,  238. 

Villeins,  sale  of,  18. 

Wicklifs  translation  of  the  New  Testament,  452. 

Witches  worried  at  a  stake,  27.  239. 
Actore,  English,  in  Germany,  2 1 . 
Addison  (Joseph),  his  house  near  Dublin,  432. 
Adenborough,  51.  114. 
Admiralty  documents  destroyed,  410. 
Adye  (W.  L.)  on  J.  W.  Willett,  520. 
Aeddan  ab  Gavran,  king  of  the  Dalraiad  Scots,  71. 
A.  (E.  H.)  on  Beaumont's  Life  of  Dean  Granville,  206. 

Collinson  (James)  of  Lancaster,  328. 

Cromwell's  knights,  216. 

Delavals  of  Seaton  Delaval,  394. 

EfiFord,  or  Ebbingford,  405. 

Ring  posies,  216.  466. 

Sheridan's  speech  on  Hastings'  trial,  259, 

Thirkeld  (Rev.  William),  451. 

Travelling  of  sound  experimentally  proved,  505. 

Vilain  Quatorze,  origin  of  title,  466. 

"  Vindicta  Bernardi,"  329. 
iEsop's  Fables,  mutilated  editions,  414. 
A.  (F.  C.)  on  residence  in  the  Tower  of  London,  69. 
Aftghanistan,  seals  of  officers  at,  289.  386.  423. 
Ageda  (Bp.  Christianas),  prophecy  found  in  his  sepul- 
chre, 226. 
Agincourt,  assumption  of  arms  by  those  who  fought  at, 

399. 
Aide-de-camp  to  Lord  Primate  and  Chancellor,  378. 
Aikman  (.James),  noticed,  130. 
A.  (L  M.)  on  Drummond  of  Colquhalzic,  327. 
Ainsworth   (W.   H.)   on   Dr.  Mackenzie's  Life  of  Dr. 

Maginn,  235. 
Aldgate,  great  pit  at  the  plague,  288. 
Aldrynton,  parchment  deed  of,  57. 
Alexander  (Sigismund  and  Henry),  292.  336.  479. 
Alexander  IL,  his  charter,  246. 
'A\i€vs  on  the  Bnite  Chronicles,  39. 

Births  .ind  deaths  of  authors,  118. 

"  Sketches  of  Ii'ish  Political  Characters,"  59. 
Aliquis  on  seal  queries,  376. 
Alleyn  (Edward),  Richard  Jones's  letter  to,  22. 
Alleyne  (Richard),  of  Susses,  39. 
All  Fool's  Day,  origin  of,  283. 
AUington  (John),  Vicar  of  Leamington,  46.  78. 
Allobrox,  its  meaning,  1 7. 
Almanac,  vacant  dates,  309.  405. 
Almery  explained,  251. 
Alpha  on  Harding  family,  88. 

Altars,  the  super,  in  cathedrals,  204.  255.  297.  337. 
Altar-tomb  used  as  a  communion  table,  379.  540. 
A.  (M.)  on  De  Foe's  descendants,  299. 
Ambassadors  unburied  in  Westminster  Abbey,  377. 443. 

498. 
Ameilhon  (Abbd),  destroyed  French  records,  529. 
American  antiquities,  92. 
Amei'ican  dramatists,  250. 
American  statesman's  library,  450, 


Amicus  on  Jack  of  Newbury,  304. 

Oughton  (Sir  James  Adolphus),  18. 
Ampoule  (Ste),  formerly  at  Eheims,  381. 
Anderson  (Dr.   James),   parentage,    169.   217.  327.; 

papers,  457.  475. 
Anderson  (Prof.  John),  his  papers,  255.  345.  358.  515. 
Anderson  (T.  C.)  on  bombs,  37. 

Blowing  from  cannon,  39. 

British  anthropophagi,  73. 

"  Dance  of  Death,"  96. 

Grave  diggers,  76.        . 

Longevity,  97. 

Negi-o  slaves  sold  in  England,  58. 

Prophecy  respecting  France,  226. 

Smoking  anecdote,  107. 

Snuff-box  presented  to  George  IV.,  203. 

Words  to  the  beat  of  the  drum,  98. 
Andrew,  afternoon  refreshment,  328.  439. 
Andrews  (Alex.)  on  Jews'  Spring  Gardens,  422 
Andrews  (Rev.  John),  noticed,  1 1 0. 
Andrews  (Rt.  Hon.  Francis),  211. 
Angelo  (Michael),  the  bill  of,  398.  460. 
A.  (N.  J.)  on  Abbey  of  Quin9ay,  416. 

Payton  (Wm.  Shakspeare),  440. 

Sneyd  (Honora),  her  autograph,  432. 
Annaly  (Lord)  Chief  Justice,  211. 
Anne  (Queen),  her  fifty  churches,  16. 'passport  granted 
by,  117. 

Anonymous  Works :  — 

Baratariana,  52.  95.  139.  211. 

Bride  of  Florence,  11. 

Cambridge  Latin  plays,  227. 

Cancer,  a  play,  227. 

Castle  of  iEsculapius,  398. 

"  Clergyman's  Companion  in  Visiting  the  Sick," 

398. 
Clytophon,  a  play,  227. 
Complete  Lish  Traveller,  146. 
Cries  of  Royal  Blood,  29. 
Cromwell: — A  Critical  Review  of  the  Political  Life 

of  Oliver  Cromwell,  29. 
English  Spy,  131. 
Essay  on  Taste,  470. 
Euribates,  a  play,  227. 
Eve  of  St.  Hippolito,  250. 
Excellent  Woman,  432.  505. 
Familiar  Epistles  on  the  Irish  Stage,  512. 
French  Massacres,  251. 
Gil  Bias,  34. 

Histoire  de  I'lnquisition  et  son  Origine,  29. 
History  of  the  British  Worthies  of  our  Own  Times, 

70. 
Horse  Subsecivas,  45. 
Infanta  de  Zamorre,  400. 
Ireland:  An  Account  of  the  Transactions  in  the 

North  of  Ireland,  186. 
Ireland :  The  True  Impartial  Histoiy  and  Wars  of 

Ireland,  186. 
Ireland:  History  of  Ireland,  1784,  2.50.  319. 
Irish  Pursuits  of  Literature,  515. 
Jesuits:  An  Impartial  Consideration  of  the  Speeches 

of  Five  Jesuits,  29. 
Le  Bias  Bleu,  or  Fate  of  the  Leaf,  27.  197. 
Letter  to  a  Clergyman  on   his  Sermon   of  30tli 

January,  27.  58. 


INDEX. 


645 


Anonymous  Works :  — 

Musomania,  or  Poet's  Purgatory,  28. 

Night,  a  Poem,  11.  57.  78.  479.  538. 

Parthenia,  a  play,  227. 

Philo,  a  drama,  250. 

Popery  against  Christianity,  29. 

Eights  of  the  Christian  Church  Asserted,  29. 

Simo,  a  play,  227. 

Sketches  of  Irish  Political  Characters,  28.  59. 

Stoicus  Vapulans,  a  play,  227. 

Traveller,  or  the  Marriage  in  Sicily,  146. 

Vanity's  Victim,  a  comedy,  250. 

Venice,  a  poem,  432. 

Zelotypus,  a  play,  227. 

Anstey  (Christopher),  noticed,  167.  195. 

Anthropophagi,  British,  36.  71. 

Antrim  (Marquis  of),  noticed,  308. 

Anvalonnacu,  its  derivation,  96. 

Apreece  family,  271. 

Aquinas  (Thomas),  two  of  his  Works,  514. 

Arabic  poem,  207. 

Arch,  the  tower-crowned,  129. 

Archbishop's  mitre,  248.  390. 

Ai'chery  club  motto,  129. 

Argyle  (Marquis  of)  and  Charles  II.,  311. 

Arithmetical  notation  from  an  old  MS.,  411.  460.  520. 

Armiger  on  Cardinal  Wolsey,  228. 

Armstrong  (John)  alias  Launcelot  Temple,  on  vulgar 

errors,  247. 
Arrows  of  HaiTow,  17.  35.  59. 
Arterns  on  clapping  Prayer-books,  33. 

Herbert  (George)  and  Theocritus,  385. 

Presentany,  its  meaning,  113. 

St.  Patrick's  ridges,  194. 

Sophocles'  Clytasmnestra,  26. 

Ussher's  Britan.  Eccles.  Antiquitates,  29. 

Wellington  (Duke  of),  ancestry,  186. 
Arthur  (King),  Greek  version  of,  290. 
Artists,  Incorporated  Society  of  British,  their  catalogues, 

531. 
Artists'  quarrels  in  Charles  I.'s  reign,  121. 
Artists  who  have  been  scene  painters,  136. 
Asher  (D.  D.)  on  passage  in  "  The  Tempest,"  141. 
Ashton  (Abdias),  chaplain  of  the  Earl  of  Essex,  302. 

336.  361.408.461. 
Asphodel  on  Rev.  Edward  Biistowe,  470. 
Aspland  (R.  B.)  on  Latin  poem  against  Milton,  273. 
Assignats,  forged,  314. 

Aubrey  (John),  "  Wiltshire  Antiquities,"  vol.  ii.  467. 
Audley  End,  Pope's  chair  at,  106. 
Augustus,  augury  at  his  election  as  Consul,  2. 
Aurora  Borealis,  allitemtive  verses  on,  412. 
Austrian  army,  alliterative  vei-ses  on,  412.  460. 
A.  (W.)  on  manufacture  of  kelp,  85. 

Lilac,  Syringa,  or  Philadelphus,  73. 

Scotch  paraphrases,  77. 
Aydon  Castle,  349. 
Aylward  family  arms,  329. 
A.  (Z.)  on  James  Aikman,  130. 

Cambridge  Latin  Plays,  227. 

Cartwright  (Wm.),  "  The  Royal  Slave,"  207. 

Castle  of  .^Isculapius,  398. 

Dimond  (Wm.),  his  death,  129. 

Gothe's  Clavigo,  its  translator,  415. 

Harrison  (Rev.  Thomas),  90. 


A.  (Z.)  on  Hofland  (Mrs.),  Dramas,  311. 
Keating  (E.  H.),  Dramas,  311. 
Lesly  (George),  Rector  of  Whittering,  207. 
Murdoch  (John),  author  of  "  Pictures  of  the  Heart," 

432. 
Monney  (William),  dramatist,  399. 
Oulton  (W.  C),  dramatist,  433. 
Parke's  translation  of  Horace,  209. 
Pegge  (Dr.  Samuel),  MS.  poetry,  146. 
Phipps  (John),  dramatist,  415. 
Roxby  (R.)  and  J.  Shield,  90. 
Shakspeare's  Plays  in  Welsh,  207. 
The  Traveller,  or  the  Marriage  in  Sicily,  146. 
Venice,  a  poem,  432. 
Wells  (Mr.),  dramatic  writer,  109. 


B. 


B.  on  German  silver,  13. 

$.  on  Robert  Chester's  Love's  Martyr,  251. 

Coals  first  used  in  England,  119. 

Greek  version  of  King  Arthur,  290. 

Peel  (Sir  Robert),  his  Memoirs,  179. 

Publishing  before  the  invention  of  printing,  58. 

St.  Dominic  and  the  Inquisition,  135. 

Sangraal,  Romance  of,  304. 

Tennyson's"  Enid,"  155. 

Thomason's  "'  Memories,"  170. 
Baalun  (John  de),  his  family,  26. 
Baccare,  its  meaning  in  Shakspeare,  527. 
Bacon  (Lord  Francis),  his  skull  ridiculed,  354. ;  on  Con- 
versation, 108.  178.;  was  he  a  Calvinist  or  Armi- 
nian?  201.;  Essays,  297.  332. 
Badge  of  povei'ty,  184. 
Bags,  a  slang  word,  491. 

Bailey  (Geo.)  on  Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery,  97. 
Bailly  (Sir  Charles),  secretary  of  Mary  Queen  of  Scots, 

267.  316. 
Baker  (David  Erskine),  his  family,  94.  197. 
Ballet  in  England,  its  origin,  293. 
Balloon,  cost  of  its  material  and  gas,  291. 
Ballop,  its  meaning,  227.  256. 
Baltimore,  ballad  on  the  Sack  of,  415. 
Bankes  (John),  grandson  of  the  Chief  Justice,  311. 
Banns  of  marriage  published  after  the  Nicene  Creed, 

227.  541. 
Barata,  its  etymology,  69.  133, 
"  Baratariana,"  its  authorship,  52.  95.  139.  211. 
Barham  (Francis)  on  date  of  Epistle  to  the  Hebrews, 

247. 
Barilla,  or  Barrilla  (jsalicomia'),  85. 
Barnstaple  or  Barum,  56. 
Barrett  (E.)  oil  Gofton  of  Stockwell,  270. 
Barrey  (Lodovick),  "  Ram  Alley,  or   Merrie  Tricks," 

188. 
Barrington  (George),  his  Prologue,  294. 
Barrymore  and  the  Du  Barrys,  16. 
Bartholomew-cokes,  187.  237. 
Bartholomew  Fair,  historical  notices,  161. 
Barton  (Bernard),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Barton  (Francis),  grave-digger  at  Horsley,  76.  _ 

Barum  top,  its  derivation,  56.  69. 
"Basilikou  Doron,"  by  James  I.,  513. 
Basingstoke  reckonings,  128. 
Baskett  (John),  petition  to  the  Treasury,  65. 


546 


INDEX. 


Bates  (Win.)  on  DibJiii's  Library  Companion,  530. 

Bath,  red  ribbon  of  the  Order  of  the,  168. 

Battel  Abbey,  "  signa  "  of,  16. 

Battens,  etymology  of,  249.  300.  319. 

Battiscombe  family,  453.  522. 

Bawdin  (Sir  Charles)  noticed,  148. 

Bayley  (E.  C.)  on  seals  of  British  officers,  289. 

Bay  ley  (T.  Haynes),  birth,  51.  118. 

Baynes  (John),  barrister,  269.  318. 

B.  (B.)  on  Dr.  Donne's  seal,  1 70. 

B.  (C.)  on  Herbe  dOr,  462.  537. 

B.  (C.  J.)  on  debating  societies,  207. 

"  The  style  is  the  man  himself,"  479. 
B.  (C.  L.)  on  Bratliwaite  family,  137. 
B.  (C.  W.)  on  cornelian  found  at  Weymouth,  131. 

Heraldic  query,  293. 
B.  (D.)  on  lon<;evity  of  Ephraim  Pratt,  137. 
B.  (E.  A.)  on  Liverpool,  its  derivation,  540. 

Peel  towers,  378. 
Bear  hunt  on  the  Thames,  148.  196. 
Bearded  women,  247.  333.  478. 
Beau-seaut:  Beaulieu,  its  etymology,  451. 
B.  (E.  C.)  on  Hastings'  trial  and  John  Mill,  158. 
Beck  (Barbara  Van),  bearded  woman,  247. 
Becket's  Crown,  Canterbury,  detached  chapel,  268. 
Bedc  (Cuthbcrt)  on  Apreece  family,  271. 

Artists  scene  painters,  130. 

Ballet  in  England,  293. 

Bill  of  Michael  Angelo,  398. 

Campbellton,  Argylesliire,  380. 

Christmas  customs  and  folk-lore,  488. 

"  English  Spy,"  its  autlior,  131. 

Jlodern  slang,  cant,  and  vulgar  words,  490. 

Patrick  (Bp.j,  inedited  letter,  66. 

"Royal  Slave,"  317. 

Sancte  bell,  four  exami)lcs,  540.     . 

Wolsey  (Cardinal),  295. 

"Young  Travellers,  or  a  Visit  to  Oxford,"  130. 
Bedell  (Bishop),  notes  on  his  Life  by  Burnet,  301. 
Beer  and  its  strength,  169. 
Behn  (Aphara),  her  petitions,  265. 
Bclater-Adime  on  Epigram  on  Quecu  Christina,  290. 

Grys  (Sir  Eobert  le),  268. 

Hannay  (Patrick),  "  Songs  and  Sonnets,"  19. 

Montrose  (JIarquis  of),  lines  by,  440. 

Eings,  their  uses  and  mottoes,  444. 

Vale  of  Red  Horse,  39. 
Baler  (Sir  Roger),  his  murder  and  the  laws  of  chivalry, 

496. 
Bell  metal,  its  composition,  249.  299. 
Bellomont  (1st  Earl  of),  his  Journal,  169. 
Bell-ringers,  Northern  and  Sherwood  Youths,  433. 
Bells,  catch-cope,  36.;  glass,  for  churches,  328.;  jingler, 

rattler,  and  ear,  37.;  Sancte,  540. 
Bells  of  China,  306.  442.  536. 
Bells,  pair  of  curious  old,  12. 
Bells  rang  backwards,  18.  504. 
Beltane  festival,  511. 
Belvoir  Castle,  engravings  of,  471. 
Belzoni  (Giovanni  Battista)  noticed,  163. 
Bentivoglio  family,  its  founder,  130. 
Berdash,  an  article  of  dress,  4.53. 
Berdewell  (Wm.),  inscription  on  his  brass,  417.  461. 

541. 
Berkshire,  the  White  Horse,  255. 
Bernard  (Richard),  Rector  of  Batcombe,  402. 


Bernard  (St.),  the  "Vindicta  Bernard!,"  329. 

Berwick-on-T weed,  its  mayor's  salary,  59.;  its  stocks,  59. 

Besnard  (Peter)  of  Cork,  138. 

Bethgellert,  legend  of,  93. 

Bever,  a  refreshment  between  meals,  270. 

Beyer  (Mr.)  alias  "  John  Gilpin,"  110. 

B.  (F.  B.)  on  derivation  of  Soul,  249. 

B.  (F.  C.)  on  John  Playford's  birth-place,  415. 

Marriage  customs,  443. 

Notes  on  trees  and  flowers,  424. 

Villenage,  423. 
B.  (H.)  on  Bonaventure's  Works,  258. 

Vulgate  of  1484,  257. 
B.  (H.  C.)  on  alliterative  verses,  412. 
B.  (H.  E.)  on  the  cardinal  virtues,  26. 
B.  (H.  W.)  on  anonymous  hymns,  512. 
Bible,  Breeches,  1599,  356.;  of   1631,  misprint  in  7th 
commandment,    330.;    Unes   on    buying   one,    235.; 
prices  of,  in  17th  century,  16.;  Vulgate  edition  1482 
and  1484,  128.  257.  407. 
Bibliothecar.'  Chetham.  on  General  Literary  Index,  103. 

Presentany,  its  meaning,  113. 
B.  (I.  I.  A.)  on  derivation  of  bulse,  327. 
Bills  of  exchange,  discountenancing,  226. 
Bilton  Park,  views  of,  328. 
Bingham  (C.  W.)  on  "  An  Austrian  Army,"  460. 

Chideock,  co.  Dorset,  238. 

Figures  on  hill  sides,  461. 

Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  272. 

Greek  word,  u\iKpiir(is,  156. 

Leese:  Lancers,  in  Bible  version,  229. 

Liberavi  animam  meam,  157. 

Pepys's  Diary,  a  prayer  in,  537. 

Petrarch  and  Lord  Falkland,  185. 

Ploughs,  waggons  so  called,  504. 

Smitli  (Henry),  "  Sermons,"  330. 
Bindon  (Mr.),  artist,  169. 
Biographers  and  their  subjects,  451. 
Birch  (Dr.  Thos.),  notes  on  Burnet's  Life  of  Bp.  Bedell, 

301. 
Birth,  mode  of  celebrating,  144. 
Births  extraordinary,  257.  299.  439, 
Birtsmorton  Court,  Worcestershire,  228.  294.  357.  437. 

538. 
Bishops  elect,  are  they  peere?  431. 
B.  (J.)  on  writers  in  Quarterly  Res'iews,  145. 
B.  (J.  G.  L.)  on  box  applied  to  a  house,  431. 

Foxe's  Book  of  Martyr;?,  534. 

JIuffled  peal  on  Innocents'  Day,  424. 

Plough,  the  vulgar  name  of  a  waggon,  431. 
Blackcombe  (S.)  on  Michelet  on  English  literature,  26. 
Blackguard,  a  court  menial,  376. 
Blackstone  (Judge),  his  "Commentai'ies,"  454. 
Blake  (Charles),  extract  from  his  Common-placS  book, 

465. 
Bleuman,  attendant  on  a  sheriff,  172. 
BUss  (Dr.  Phihp),  letter  on  Dr.  Donne's  seal,  216.;  letter 

respecting  John  Lilly's  letters,  224. 
Blodius,  or  I51odeus,  in  heraldry,  177. 
Blue  blood  intimating  illustrious  birth,  440. 
Bobolink,  an  American  bird,  417. 
Bobyll  and  the  Cardinal's  Hat  tavern,  326. 
Bocardo,  a  prison  at  Oxford,  270.;  a  logical  term,  270. 
Bocase  tree  in  Northamptonshire,  498. 
Bockett  (Julia  R,)  on  Sigismund  and  Hen.  Alexander 
479. 


INDEX. 


547 


Bockett  (Julia  E.)  on  Townsend  (Rev.  Meredith),  36. 

Bobun  (John  de),  his  arms,  1 2. 

Boileau  (J.  P.)  on  brass  at  West  Herlirg,  417. 

Boley  Hill,  Rochester,  398. 

Bolton  Castle  noticed,  249.  355. 

Bolton  (Charles  Paulet,  1st  Duke  of),  his  mental  de- 
rangement, 355.  442. 

Bolton  (Livinia  Fenton,  Duchess  of),  291.  336. 

Bombs,  date  of  their  invention,  37. 

Bonaparte  (Napoleon),  escape  from  Elba,  86.  382.  396. 
449.  532. ;  his  siiuflf-box,  48. 

Bonaventnre  (Cardinal),  list  of  his  works,  128.  178. 
218.  258. 

Bonwicke  (Henry),  bookseller,  his  letters,  343. 

Boodleite,  Old,  origin  of  tlie  phrase,  353.  443. 

Books  burned  and  whipped,  168.;  burnt  in  Irehmd,  364. 

Book  covers,  gold  coins  found  in,  511. 

Book  inscriptions,  319. 

Book-markers,  tlieir  utility,  301.  362. 

Book  notes,  464.     See  Fly-leaf  scrihhlinrjs. 

"  Book  of  Hy-Many,"  inquired  after,  512. 

"Book  of  Sports,"  its  publication  in  1018  and  1633, 
414.  456. 

Bock-stall  collectors,  494. 

Books  recently  Published : — 

Absolon's  Heroes  of  the  Laboratory,  40. 

Anderson's  Dura  Den,  365. 

Archaeological  Institute:  Catalogue  of  Scottish 
Belies,  139. 

Ashe's  Poems,  40. 

Ballantyne's  Christianity  and  Hindu  Philosophy,  40. 

Beckct  (Abp.),  a  Biography,  505. 

Bentley's  Magazine,  'I'ales  from,  40.  139. 

Bentley's  Quarterly  Review,  No.  11.  80.;  No.  III. 
390. 

Black's  Picturesque  Tourist  of  Scotland,  20. 

Bos  well's  Johnson  (Murray),  00.  139.  480. 

British  Almanack  and  Companion,  1860,  462. 

British  Museum,  Catalogue  of  the  Reading  Room, 
279. 

Brown's  Eab  and  his  Friends,  100. 

Byron's  Poetical  Works,  60.  139.  320.  480. 

Camden  Society:  Miscellany, vol.  iv.  79.;  Symonds's 
Diary,  79.;  Original  Papers  illustrative  of  Mil- 
ton's Life,  480. 

Carnarvon  (Earl  of).  Archaeology  of  Berkshire,  462. 

Chalmers's  Histoiy  of  Dunfermlime,  60. 

Chappell's  Popular  JIusic  of  Olden  Time,  39. 

Children's  Picture  Books,  506. 

Christmas  books,  542. 

Clark's  Surnames  metrically  arranged,  240. 

Cochet's  Le  Tombeau  de  Childeric  I.,  462. 

Cole's  Life  and  Times  of  Charles  Kean,  139. 

Conquest's  What  is  Homoeopathy  ?  20. 

Cooke  (Eliza),  Poems,  100. 

Cornhill  Magazine,  542. 

Dante's  Three  Visions,  by  J.  W.  Thomas,  120. 

Davis's  Memorials  of  Knightsbridge,  99. 

De  la  Rue's  Indelible  Diary,  426. 

De  la  Rue's  Red  Letter  Diary,  462. 

Demaus'  Class-book  of  English  Prose,  426. 

Dictionary  of  Modern  Cant,  99. 

Eley's  Geology  in  the  Garden,  180. 

Emmet's  Women  Artists,  365. 

Fitzpatrick's  Friends  and  Foes  of  Lady  Morgan,  240. 


Books  recently  published :  — 

French's  Life  of  Samuel  Crompton,  240. 

Gatty  (Mrs.),  The  Human  Face  Divine,  506. 

Gilbert's  History  of  Dublin,  99. 

Golden  Rule:  Stories  of  the  Ten  Commandments, 

40. 
Gntch's  Literaiy  and  Scientific  Register,  506. 
Halliwell  on  the  Evidences  of  Christianity,  179. 
Herbert  (George),  Works  in  Prose  and  Verse,  390^ 
History  of  Sir  Thomas  Thumb,  506. 
Jahrbuch  fUr  Romanische  und  Englische  Literatur, 

99. 
James's  Naval  Hiistoiy  of  Great  Britain,  20.  180» 

390. 
Jameson's  Memoirs  of  Early  Italian  Painters,  505. 
Kent  Archseological  Society  Transactions,  Vd.  I.., 

119. 
Lamartine's  Mary  Stuart,  20. 
Lewin  on  the  Invasion  of  Britain,  179. 
JIacmillan's  Magazine,  390. 
Manual  of  Rifle  Volunteers,  524. 
Moore's  British  Fenis  and  their  Allies,  320. 
Moore's  Poetical  Works,  60.  139.  240.  320.  426i 
jMotherly's  Nursery  Poetry,  365. 
Motherly's  Servants'  Behaviour  Book,  40. 
Murray's  Chronicles  of  a  City  Cliurch,  462. 
JIun-ay's  Hand-book  for  Devon  and  Cornwall,  99^ 
National  Cycloptedia,  Supplement,  40. 
Newland's  Life  of  Antonio  de  Dominis,  19. 
Nightingale  A''alley,  506. 
Norden's  View  of  London  Bridge,  365. 
Owlglas  (Master  Tyl),  Marvellous  Adventures,  390,. 
Papworth's  Dictionary  of  Arms,  139. 
Parkinson's  Key  to  the  Civil  Service,  180. 
Peppei-'s  Boy's  Play  Book  of  Science,  542. 
Petrarch's  Sonnets,  &c.,  139. 
Popular  Nursery  Tales  and  Rhymes,  506. 
Prout  (Father),  Reliques  of,  506. 
Pylgremage  of  the  Soul,  280. 
Quarterly  Review,  No.  211.  79.;  No.  212,  365, 
Raine's  Fabric  Rolls  of  Yoik  Minster,  59. 
Rose  (Rt.  Hon.  Geo.),  Diaries  and  Correspondence^. 

505. 
Rowland's  Manual  of  the  English  Constitution,  462i. 
Russell's  Kett's  Rebellion  in  Norfolk,  319. 
Russell's  Rifle  Clubs  and  Volunteers,  60. 
Shakspeare's  Household  Words,  506. 
Shakspeare,  New  Exegesis  of,  365. 
Spiritual  Songs,  &c.,  by  Mason  and  Shepherd,  120. 
Stereoscopic  Cabinet,  426. 
Snrtees  Society :  The  Fabric  Rolls  of  York  Minster,. 

59. 
Taylor's  Great  Pyramid,  425. 
Taylor's  Stones  of  Etruriu,  240. 
Thiers'  History  of  French  Revolution,  40.  140. 
Timbs's  Stories  of  Inventors,  &c.,  506. 
Timbs's    Things    not    generally   Known,    Second. 

Series,  99. 
Tragic  Dramas  from  Scottish  History,  505. 
Waller's  Catalogue  of  Autographs,  426. 
Ward's  Telescope  Teachings,  60. 
Wedgwood's  Dictionary  of  Etymology,  524. 
Webb's  Marco  Griffi,  the  Italian  Patriot,  180. 
Whatton's  Life  of  Rev.  Jeremiah  Horrox,  462. 
Wiltsch's  Handbook  of  Church  Geography,  320.    " 


548 


INDEX. 


Books  recently  puWished :  — 

Wood's  Illustrated  Natural  History,  60.  140.  240. 

365.  524. 
Woollen  Manufactures  of  Great  Britain,  140. 

Booksellers,  old  English,  182. 
Booksellers'  lists,  early,  88. 
Boot  of  a  carriage,  238.  317.  407. 
Bore,  its  modem  meaning,  491. 
Boreman  (Thomas),  "  Gigantick  Histories,"  450. 
Borghese  (Princess),  her  death,  417.  460. 
Borgia  (Csesar),  epigram  on,  246. 
Boswell's  Johnson,  illustration  of  a  passage,  107. 
•  Bothwell  Bridge,  sermons  before  the  battle  of,  493. 
Bower  (Hubert)  on  proverbs  worth  preserving,  202. 
Box,  as  applied  to  a  house,  431. 
Boyd  (Zachary),  literary  productions,  10.  230- 
Boydell  (Aid.),  Shakspeare  Gallery,  50.  97.  313.  457. 
Boyle  lecture,  its  present  trustees,  352.  441. 
Boys  (Thomas)  on  Adenborough,  114. 
Andrew:  Gaffman,  439. 
Battens,  its  etymology,  319. 
Blue  blood,  440. 
Boydell's  Shakspeare,  97. 
Bugle,  an  animal,  423. 
Cadewoldes,  meaning  of,  98. 
Cespoole,  alias  Liverpool,  198. 
Cloven  foot,  387. 
Damask,  waste  paper,  541. 
"  Decanatus  Christianitatis,"  539. 
Englishry  and  Irishry,  77. 
Faber  v.  Smith,  157. 
Fap,  its  etymology,  528. 
Greek  word  elXiKpii'Tis,  156. 
Grosseteste's  "  Castle  of  Love,"  539. 
Grotesque  in  churches,  275. 
Harpoys  et  fisshepondc,  115. 
Judge's  black  cap,  193. 
Le  Contrat  Mohatra,  133. 
"  Liberavi  animam  meam,"  406. 
Minced  pies  at  Christmas,  488, 
Patron  saints,  214. 
Pishty:  Cess-here,  58. 
Poets  Laureate,  137. 
'        Prisoner's  arraignment,  501. 
Psalm  xcv.  10:  "  a  ligno,"  517- 
Qualitied:  Fausens,  177. 
Squaring  the  circle,  421. 
St.  Dominic,  117. 
f        Shim,  its  derivation,  196. 
Syr  Tryamoure,  359. 
Ten  and  Tenglars,  98. 
Tutenag  metal,  78. 
Urban,  as  a  Christian  name,  76. 
Vertue's  "  Draughts,"  93. 
B.  (P.)  on  Patroclus,  129. 

Bradley  (Mrs.  Timothy),  delivered  of  eight  children,  257. 
Bradshaw  (President)  and  John  Jlilton,  90. 
Bradstreet  pedigree,  227. 
Bradstriet  (John),  actor,  22. 
Bramhall  (Abp.),  his  arms,  259.  338. 
Brangle,  or  bransle,  its  meaning,  483. 
Brasses,  monumental,  since  1688,  478.;  preservation  of 
monumental,  107.  136.:  rubbings  of,  how  preserved, 
.292.478. 
Brathwaite  coat  of  arms,  88.  137. 


Bray,  extracts  from  churchwardens'  accounts,  494. 
Braybrooke  (Lord)  on  inscription  on  a  ring,  228. 
Brecon  collegiate  church,  28.  60. 
Breeches  Bible,  1599,  356. 

Breen  (H.  H.)  Lieut.  Gov.  of  St.  Lucia,  his  motto,  389. 
Brent  (John)  on  Jews  in  Canterbury,  243. 
Prisoners'  basket  carrier,  24. 
Spot's  Histoiy  of  Canterbury,  29. 
Brentford,  legend  of  the  Two  Kings  of,  228.  362. 
Breslau  (Mr.),  actor,  162. 
Brett  (Dr.  Thomas),  "  Autobiography,"  248. 
Brett  (Col.)  alias  Col.  Ramble,  416. 
B.  (R.  H.  A.)  on  bever,  a  refreshment,  270. 
Briancon  (Count  de),  unburied,  377.  443.  498. 
Brickwall,  Northiam,  portrait  at,  12. 
Bride  and  bridegroom,  aged  97  and  99,  144. 
Briggs  (T.  H.)  on  Prince  Rupert's  arms,  418. 
Bristoliensis  on  Chalterton  manuscripts,  94.  234. 

Stuart  (Ferdinand  Smyth),  495. 
Bristoliensis  Minor  on  Wielifs  Testament,  208. 
Bristowe  (Rev.  Edward),  descendants,  470. 
British  ofncers  sent  to  Canada,  1711,  413. 
Brittany,  legends  of,  227.  278.' 
"  Broase  and  Butter,"  a  Scotch  tune,  123. 
Broughton  barony  seal,  376.  438. 
Browne  (Geo.)  Abp.  of  Dublin,  311. 
Browne  (Dr.  Jemmet),  Bishop  of  Elphin,  212. 
Browne  (R.  H.  N.)  on  super-altars,  255. 
Brownists,  origin  of  the  sect,  449. 
Browsy=showy,  its  derivation,  484. 
Bruce  (Robert),  his  skull  at  Dunfermline,  167. 
Brate  Chronicles,  39. 
B.  (R.  W.)  on  Charles  I.'s  journey  to  Wales,  460. 

Inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  236. 
B.  (S.)  on  frogs  in  the  arms  of  France,  47 1 . 
B.  (T.)  on  London  antiquities,  146. 
Buccleugh  (Mary  Scott,  Duchess  of),  elegy  of,  23. 
Buchanan  pedigree,  148.  219.277. 
Buckingham  (Geo.  VilHers,  1st  Duke  of)  and  the  chan. 

cellorship  of  Cambridge,  287.;  his  ghost,  222. 
Buckton  (T.  J.)  on  Bacon  on  Conversation,  178. 

Bells  of  China,  306.  536. 

Celtic  remains  in  Jamaica,  59. 

Coffins  of  the  Hebrews,  34. 

County  voters'  qualification,  96. 

Designation  of  works  under  review,  117. 

Efford,  its  derivation,  255. 

Etoccetnm,  its  derivation,  179. 

Food  of  Paradise,  202. 

Gulf-stream  and  climate  of  EIngland,  56. 

Hebrews,  author  and  date  of  Epistle  to  the,  315. 
383. 

Hobbes  quoted,  179. 

Horses  trembling  at  a  camel,  406. 

1  John  V.  7,  175. 

"  Liberavi  animnm  meam,"  108. 

Soul,  its  biblical  meaning,  334- 

Speech  before  tl-.e  flood,  538. 

TJlphilas'  New  Testament,  118. 

Villeins,  sale  of,  18. 
Bufifon's  dictum,  "  The  style  is  the  man  himself,"  37.  54. 

98.  111.  479. 
Bugle,  an  animal,  400.  423.  461. 
Bull  and  bear  of  the  Stock  Exchange,  79.  138.  200. 
Bull  (John),  origin  of  the  sobriquet,  453. 
Bulse,  its  derivation,  .327.  408. 


INDEX. 


549 


Bunbury  (Henry  Wm.))  artist,  71. 

Bunyau  (John),  his  "  Pilgrim's  Progress  "  not  copied 
from  "  The  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul,"  &c.,  268.  372. 
402.;  works  falsely  attributed  to  him,  371.  ;  burial- 
place,  400. ;  print  of  his  chapel,  1 10. 

Burford  House,  Windsor,  355. 

Burgersdicius  (Francis),  life  and  writings,  327.  384. 

Burgess  (Geo.)  on  seven  dates  wanted,  406. 

Burials,  mediaeval,  147. 

Burn  (J.  S.)  on  Abp.  Laud's  portrait,  437. 

Protestant  refugees  in  1563  and  1571,  447. 
Whitelock  pedigree,  207. 

Buinet  (Bp.),  Life  of  Bp.  Bedell  with  notes,  301. ;  an 
inveterate  smoker,  138. 

Burnet  (Gilbert),  Vicar  of  Coggeshall,  89. 

Burns  (Robert),  Rev.  John  Dun's  opinion  of  him,  23.  ; 
birthplace  of  "  Highland  Mary,"  380. 

-Burton  (Robert),  authors  quoted  by  the  editor,  226. 

Butler  (Charles),  a  book-stall  collector,  494. 

Butler  (Frances  Anne),  poem  quoted,  109.  255. 

Butley  priory,  chartulary  of,  27. 

Butts  family,  435. 

B.  (W.)  on  "  An  History  of  British  Worthies,"  70. 

B.  (Dr.  W.)  on  jasper  runic  ring,  297. 

Bywell  church,  348. 


€.  on  the  Halls  of  Greatford,  95. 

Sepulchre  of  the  Holy  Blood,  29. 

TamberUn  family,  91. 
C.  (A.)  on  Cooper  family,  354. 
C.  (A.  D.)  on  Mount  St.  Michael,  111. 
Cadewoldes,  its  meaning,  49.  98. 
Cadman  (Mr.),  the  famous  flyer,  161. 
Cadogan  (Gen.  Wm.),  letters  to  the  Countess  of  Sea- 

forth,  445. 
Ca3sar  (Julius),  his  sententious  despatch,  356. 
Calcuith,  its  locality,  205. 
Calisian  on  Aborough  or  Borough  family,  89. 
Calverley  (Sir  Henry)  of  Northallerton,  28.  95.  198. 
Cam  on  inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  157. 
Cambridge  costume,  74.  191.  239. 
Camden  Miscellany,  vol.  iv.,  obsolete  words  in,  466. 
Campbell  (Neil),  letter  to  John  Anderson,  345. 
Campbellton,  Argyleshire,  380. 
Canbury,  or  Canonbury,  Islington,  132. 
Cannibahsm  in  Britain,  36.  71. 
Cannon,  blowing  from,  39. 
Cannon  (Eliz.),  petition  to  the  Treasury,  65. 
Canonbury,  in  Islington,  132. 
Cant,  slang,  and  vulgar  words,  490. 
Cantab,  on  Drat  'em,  Oddrot  'em,  413. 

Tennyson's  "  Enid,"  131. 
Cantankerous,  its  derivation,  188. 
Canterbury  prisoners'  basket  carrier,  24.  j  Corporation 

practices,  25;  the  Jews  at,  243. 
Canterbury  registers  at  Rome,  226. 
Capel  (Dorothy  Lady),  noticed,  172. 
Cardinal  virtues,  origin  of,  26. 
Cardinal's  Hat  tavern,  near  Newgate,  326. 
Cards,  playing,  of  foreign  manufacture,  432. 
Carleton  (Guy),  his  epitaph,  498. 
Carleton  (W.),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Carriage-boot,  238.  317.  407. 
Carrington  (F,  A.)  on  Gauntlope,  179. 


Carriugton  (F.  A.)  on  grotesque  in  churches,  196. 

Spontoon,  197. 

Torture  allowed  in  England,  176. 
Carruthers  (R.)  on  Marvell's  letter  to  Milton,  90. 
Carss  (Mark)  of  Cockpen,  123. 
Carter  (Thomas)  on  Major  Duncanson,  253. 
Cartismandua,  its  etymology,  17. 
Cartmel,  its  derivation,  354. 
Cartwright  (Wm.),  performers  in  "  The  Royal  Slave," 

207.317.423. 
Cashel  progresses,  377. 
Cat,  its  ancient  names,  261. 
"  Catalogue  of  the  most  Vendible  Books,"  its  author, 

105.  183. 
Cataloguers,  caution  respecting,  396. 
Catalogues,  early  booksellers',  183.  236. 
Catch-cope  bells,  36. 
Caxton,  tracts  printed  by  him,  44. 
C.  (B.)  on  Richard  Woodrofife  of  Woolley,  69. 
C.  (B.  H.)  on  "  Dominus  regnavit  h  ligno,"  470. 

Eikon  Basilica,  first  edition,  356. 

Hastings'  (Warren)  impeachment,  536. 

Liverpool,  its  derivation,  239. 
Celtic  remains  in  Jamaica,  24.  59.  91- 
Centurion  on  Guy  Carleton's  epitaph,  498. 

Prussian  iron  medal,  470. 

Vauxhall  punch,  &c.,  205. 
Cervantes,  English  translations  of  "Don  Quixote,"  71- 
Cespoole,  alias  Liverpool,  110.  198.  239.  257. 
Cess-here,  a  provincialism,  9.  58.  195. 
C.  (E.  T.)  on  Incorporated  Society  of  British  Artists,  531. 
Ceylonensis  on  Marlowe's  pastoral,  285. 
C.  (G.)  on  Mrs.  Grundy,  293. 
C.  (H.)  on  "  Quid  Grouse  in  the  Gun  Room,"  329^ 

Shoreham  (Wm.  de),  his  poems,  292. 

Titles  conferred  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  1 58. 
Chadwick  (J.  N.)  on  ballad  "  EUand,"  216. 
Chalks,  a  slang  word,  490. 
Chaloner  (Jacob)  noticed,  323.  407. 
Chambers  (R.)  on  Jacobite  manuscripts,  363. 
Chancellor,  the  Lord  High,  his  progress  to  Westmin- 
ster, 104.  153. 
Chandler  (Bp.  Edward),  his  arms,  14. 
Chandos  (Grey  Brydges,   Lord),  supposed  author  of 

"  Hora3  Subsecivaj,"  13. 
Chandos  Place,  or  the  Abbot  of  Reading's,  38. 
'Change  Alley  noticed,  138. 
Chanter  (Wm.),  incumbent  of  Hartland,  117. 
Chapel  ScalaCeli,  18. 
Chapels  detached :  Becket's  Crown,  268. 
Chappell  (Wm.)  ballad  on  "  Hockley  in  the  Hole,"  537. 
Charity-box  for  distressed  gentlemen,  108. 
Charles  I.,  arms  and  motto  on  Islip  church  bells,  324. 
460.;  Gentileschi'sletter  to,  121.    See  Eikon  Basilike. 
Charles  II.  and  the  Laird  of  Cockpen,  123;  and  Mar- 
quis of  Argyle,  311. 
Charnock  (R.  S.)  on  Bugle,  an  animal,  461. 

Anvalonnacu,  96. 

Bulse,  its  derivation,  408. 

Efford,  its  derivation,  405. 

Etocoetum,  300. 

Gallimawfry  as  used  by  Shakspearo,  528. 

Luther  represented  with  a  goose,  5 1 5. 

Peel  towers,  504. 

Shelley  and  Barhamwick,  116. 

Walpurgis,  its  derivation,  425. 


550 


INDEX. 


Charnock  (R,  S.)  on  wink,  its  derivation,  96. 

Charpentier  (M.),  his  Bibliothoque,  159. 

Chasles  (Pbilarete)  on  Buffon's  axiom  "  Le  style  est 

riiomme  meme,"  111. 
Chatham  (Lord),  Copley's  picture  of  his  death,  513. 
Chatterton   (Thomas),   birth-place,   363.;    tragedy   of 

"iElla,"  50.  94.  194.  234.  317.    " 
Chancer    (Geoffrey)   on   the   Continent,  284.  ;  "  The 

Rime  of  Sire  Thopas,"  351. 
Chaumont  church,  227. 
C.  (H.  B.)  on  Adenborough,  115. 

Cleajnctus,  441. 

Ltither  and  Wesley,  119. 

Old  print,  425. 

QuentinBely:  Mijrweg:  Laale,  535. 

Sorbonne,  attack  on  the,  15. 
C.  (H.  C.)  on  Eclympasteire,  444. 

Grotius  quoted,  522. 

Junius  and  Henry  Flood,  259. 

Motto,"  His  calcabo  gartos,"  156. 

Snuff-boxes  in  memoriam  of  R.  Emmett,  49  C. 

Very,  its  etymon,  200. 
Chelsega  on  Clarendon  House,  Piccadilly,  541. 
Chener  (Polecarp)  on  note  about  the  Records,  450. 
Cheque  bearer,  the  mysterious,  308. 
Chertsey  House,  London,  38. 
Chester  (Robert),  "  Love's  Martyr,"  251. 
Chevis  (Robert)  and  Lord  Lovat,  4C3. 
"  Chickens  feed  Capons,"  its  characters,  226. 
Chideock  in  Doraetshire,  146.  238. 
"Childe  Horn,"  252.  318. 
Childeric  I.,  his  tomb,  462. 
Children,  gift  of,  temp.  Henry  VIH.,  531. 
Chinese  bells,  306.  442.  536;  inventions,  442.  536. 
Chiverton  (^ir  Richard),  his    knighthood,   114.  158. 

382. 
C.  (H.  M.)  on  gulf-stream  and  climate  of  England,  55. 
Christie  (Geo.  Henry),  his  beneficence,  428. 
Christina  (Queen),  epigram  on,  290. 
Christmas  Eve,  superstitions  on,  242, 
Christmas  pastimes,  481.  484.  486.  488. 
Christmas  school-boy  pieces,  486. 
Chronos  on  Gog  and  Magog,  251. 
Churches,  change  in  their  dedication,  437. 
Churning,  witchcraft  in,  67. 
Gibber  (Colley),  his  "  Aplogy  "  noticed  by  Fielding, 

268.  317. 
Circle,  the  game  of  squaring  the,  8.  58.  191.  291.  511. 
C.  (J.)  on  the  old  French  invasion,  493. 
C.  (J.  C.)  on  woodroof  plant,  13. 
C.  (J.  F.)  on  eariy  law  lists,  28. 

Constantine  (William),  531. 

Jenins  (Sir  Stephen),  pedigree,  88. 
C.  (J.  M.)  on  last  wolf  in  Scotland,  402. 
C.  (K.  S.)  on  Capt.  Cobb  and  Lieut.-Col.  Fcaron,  169. 
Clammild  on  Bacon's  Essay  xlv.,  297. 

Shakspeare's  Sonnets,  527. 

Square  words,  511. 
Clarendon  House,  Piccadilly,  400.  541. 
Clarendon  (Edw.  Hyde,  1st  Earl),  Ids  burial,  354. 
Claudian,  passage  in,  495.  522. 
Clavijo  battle,  St.  James's  support  at,  171.  421. 
Clay  (Robert),  his  birthplace,  433. 
Claypole  (Lady  Eliz.),  cause  of  her  death,  392.  456. 
Claypole  (Sir  John),  his  baronetcy,  114.  382. 
Cleanctus  noticed  by  Theophrastus,  310.  441. 


Clement,  Bishop  of  Rome,  315. 

Clergy,  how  supported  in  Massaehmsetts,  127. 

Clergyman's  crest,  his  legal  right  to  one,  451. 

Clerical  error  explained,  532. 

Clerkenwell,  ministers  of  St.  James's,  110. 

Clive  (Kitty),  actress,  162. 

Cloven  foot,  its  symbolical  meaning,  309.  387. 

Clubs,  debating,  207. 

C.  (M.),  Edinburgh,  on   statistics  of  letters  sent  by 

post,  375. 
C.  (0.)  on  Vulgates  of  1482-4,  407. 
Coal  first  used  for  domestic  purposes,  53.  95.  119, 
Coal  Fire,  Round  about  our,  481. 
Cobb  (Capt.  Henry)  of  the  "  Kent,"  169.  218. 
Cock  and  Bull  stories,  215. 
Cockade  in  sei"vants'  hats,  37. 
Cockin  (Rev.  Wm.),  his  will  case,  25.  115. 
Cockle  (J.)  on  mathematical  bibliography,  465. 
Cockneyism,  classical,  91. 
Cockpen,  the  Laird  of,  123. 
Codex  Alexandrinus  and  Bezaj,  175.  259. 
Coffins  of  the  Jews,  34. 

Cohn  (Albert.)  on  English  actors  in  Germany,  21. 
Cokam  or  Coxam  House,  146.  238. 
Coke  (Sir  Edward),  remarks  on  his  4tli  Institute,  452. 
Coleman  (E.  IL)  on  the  wreck  of  the  Dunbar,  459.! 
Coleman  (John)  and  "  The  Jlonster,"  229. 
Coleridge  (Hartley),  "  Yorkshire  Worthies,"  207.  439. 
Coleridge  (S.  T.)  and  Abp.  Leighton's  Works,  527. 
Colet  (Dean),  residence  in  Oxford,  181. 
Collinson  (James),  N.  P.  of  Lancaster,  328. 
Colon,  the  Three  Kings  of,  an  anthem,  431.  505. 
Colton  (C.  C),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Columbine,  a  flower,  417. 
Columbus  on  Kentish  Longtails,  425. 
Compass,  its  inventor,  442. 
Constable  (Geo.)  of  Wallace-Craigie,  394. 
Constantine  (Wni.)  of  Middle  Temple,  531. 
Conybeare  (Dean),  "  Elementary  Lectures,"  90. 
Cooke  of  Gidea  Hall,  Romford,  352. 
Coombs  (James)  on  old  bells,  12. 
Cooper  (C.  H.)  on  Elizabeth  Long,  56. 
Cooper  (C.  H.  &  Thompson)  on  John  Allingtcn,  7?. 

Anstey  (Christopher),  195. 

Baynes  (John),  318. 

Cbaloner  (Jacob),  407. 

Cudworth  (Benjamin),  199. 

Dee  (Adrian),  390. 

Evelyn  (Sir  John),  98. 

Exton  (John)  of  Trinity  College,  389. 

Fairclough  (Nathaniel),  398. 

Fenn  (Robert)  of  Trinity  College,  379- 

Fletcher  (Henry)  of  Clare  Hall,  379. 

Forth  (Wm.),  advocate,  397. 

Gleane  (Peter),  196. 

Gleane  (Sir  Peter),  187. 

Heath  (John)  of  Queen's  College,  379. 

Heylin  (John)  of  Emmanuel  College,  79. 

Howard  (Cardinal),  75. 

Huit  (John),  99. 

Juxon  (Thomas),  98. 

Kennet  (William),  97. 

Killigrew  (Sir  Henry),  206. 

Kynder  (Philip)  of  Pembroke  Hall,  379.. 

Luf  kin  (Rev.  Richard),  77. 

Medlicott  (Richard),  199. 


INDEX. 


551 


Cooper  (C.  H.  &  Thompson)  on  Pepys  (Richard),  77. 
Kedmayne  (John),  79. 
Regis  (Dr.  Balthasar),  39. 
St.  Lowe  (John),  99. 

Smith  (Henry)  of  St.  Clement  Danes,  152. 
Ward  (Nathaniel),  Vicar  of  Staindrop,  76. 

Cooper  (Edw.),  his  rent-charge  and  service,  289. 

Cooper  family,  354. 

Cornelian  found  at  Weymouth,  131. 

Corner  (G.  R.)  on  Chandos  Place,  &c.,  38. 
Bailly  (Charles),  316. 
Inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  157. 
King's  Head  and  stew  in  St.  Martin's,  399. 
London  Bridge,  Old,  inhabitants,  142. 

Corney  (Bolton)  on  fate  of  three  men  of  letters,  204. 
Payne  (Mr.  James),  bookseller,  122. 

Cornish  superstitions,  489. 

Cornwallis  correspondence,  281.  341. 

Coiyat  (Thomas),  Odcombyan  decambulator,  14. 

Cosin  (Bp.  John),  his  arms,  240. 

Cotgrave  (Handle),  his  "  Dictionary,"  453.  506. 

•Cotton  (Dr.  Henry),  additions  to  his  "  Typographical 
Gazetteer,"  395.  460. 

Cotton  (Jonathan)  of  Old  London  Bridge,  142. 

Counties,  abbreviated  names  of,  219.  277.  299. 

County  voter's  qualification,  70.  96.  196. 

Coverdale's  Bible,  1553,  208.  279. 

Cowper  (B.  H.)  on  Caxton,  Pynson,  &c.,  44. 
Smith  (Henry),  his  Sermons,  254. 

■Oowper  (Wm.),  ballad,  "  John  Gilpin,"  110. 

Cosam  or  Cokam  House,  146.  238. 

■C.  (R.),  Corh,  on  Irish  Scutch  mills,  138. 
Verses  of  grotesque  shapes,  386. 

Cracknells,  or  brittle  cakes,  293. 

Cranbrook  Grammar  School,  master  in  1665,  249. 

-Cranmer  (Abp.)  and  Osiander,  their  con-espondence,  87. 

•Crawford  (Dr.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  534. 

Cray  (Augell)  of  Dorsetshire,  110. 

Clrescent  in  heraldry,  354. 

Crest  of  a  clergyman,  Lis  legal  right  to  one,  451. 

Creswell  (S.  F.)  on  county  libraries,  244. 

Cricket,  a  low  stool,  293. 

Crinoline  and  hoop  petticoats,  374. 

<!roker  (John  AYilson),  "  FamiUar  Epistles  on  the  Irish 
Stage,"  512. 

Croly  (Dr.  George),  his  birth,  51.  118. 

Crome  (John),  sign  of  "  The  Sawyers,"  77. 

Cromer  (John),  Abp.  of  Armagh,  fomily,  12.  389.  424. 

Cromwell  (Anne),  her  MS.  poems,  497. 

Cromwell  (Oliver)  in  Scotland,  70.  132.  ;  baronets 
created  by  him,  114.  158.  382.  419.  540.;  children, 
16.  56.  97.  135.;  family,  287.;  great  seal  of  Eng- 
land, 147.;  interment  of  his  remains,  375.;  knights 
created  by  him,  18.  31.  77.  114.  158.  216.  382. 
419.;  Milton's  letter  to  Cromwell,  47.;  peers  created 
by  him,  158.;  Russell  (Francis),  one  of  Cromwell's 
justices,  266.;  skull,  97.  158.  218.;  treatment  of 
Dr.  John  Hewett,  392. 

Cross  and  candlesticks  on  the  altar,  204.  255.  297. 
337. 

Crossley  family  of  Shoreditcl),  206. 

Crown  represented  as  a  ship,  110. 

Cudworth  (Benj.)  of  Christ  College,  Cambridge,  167. 
199. 

Cudworth  (Ralph),  unpublished  MSS.,  531. 

Culros  (Lady),  ballad  on  her  dream,  247.  31 1. 


Cuma  skeletons  with  wax  heads,  170.  213. 

Cumberworth  (Thomas),  his  will,  1450,  375. 

Cunningham  (Alex.),  surgeon,  212. 

Cunningham  (Rev.  Peter),  curate  atEyam,213.259. 

Curved  form  of  ancient  enclosures,  19.  32.  440. 

Cushion,  its  derivation,  483. 

Cutts  (John  Lord),  Swift's  satire  upon,  132.  178. 

C.  (W.)  on  Marquis  of  Argyle  and  Charles  II.,  311. 

Ballop,  its  meaning,  227. 

Bankes  (John)  of  Dorsetshire,  311. 

Blewman,172. 

Canbury  or  Canonbuiy,  132. 

Capel  (Lady),  172. 

Cespoole,  a/io*- Liverpool,  110.  239. 

Cokam  or  Coxam  House,  146. 

Cray  (Angell)  of  Dorsetshire,  110. 

Danvers  (Sir  John),  171. 

Dorchester  House,  Westminster,  130, 

Elizabeth,  Princess  of  Bohemia,  209. 

Falston  House,  Wilts,  187. 

Gantlope,  its  etymology,  132. 

George  or  Gorges  (Lord),  110. 

Hastings  (Mr.),  his  character,  131. 

Lauderdale  (Lord),  letter  to  Charles  XL,  251. 

Motto:  "His  calcabo  gartos,"  .389. 

Rous  (Lady),  171. 

Tun  glass,  110. 

Vandniss  or  Vandrusk,  187. 
C.  (W.  B.)  on  Marat's  imprisonments,  256. 

Regiment  all  of  one  name,  538. 
C.  (W.  D  )  on  entertainment  of  four  kings,  541. 

Mowbray  coheirs,  217. 
Cyril  (St.)  and  Hypatia,  148.  217.  277. 


D. 


D.  on  "  A  Help  unto  Devotion,"  381. 

Dicksons  of  Berwickshire,  398. 

Halls  of  Greatford,  119. 

Knowles  (Herbert),  153. 

Man  before  Adam,  414. 

Portioner,  398. 

Smith  (Henry),  Sermons,  502. 

Watson  family,  119. 
A,  on  altar  tomb  as  a  communion-table,  540. 

Bray  churchwardens'  account  boolc,  494. 

Canterbury  registers,  226. 

Cess-here  and  pishty,  195, 

Cromwellian  relic,  266. 

1  John  V.  7,  238. 

Laud  (Abp.)  portrait,  540. 

Rustic  superstition,  242. 
D.  1.  on  Bonaventure's  Works,  218. 

Sonnet  supposed  to  be  Jlilton's,  344. 
D.  (A.)  on  "  Night,"  a  poem,  57. 
Dalhousie  (Lord)  and  Cockpen,  123. 
Dallaway  (James),  "  Constantinople,"  187. 
Dalton  (Geo.)  of  Farnborough,  his  will,  243. 
D' Alton  (John)  on  Innismurray,  259. 

James  II.'s  Irish  Army  List,  217. 

Peer  (Henry  Lord),  518. 

Talbot  (Thomas),  217. 
Damask,  its  various  meanings,  430.  541. 
"  Danm  the  nature  of  things,"  its  author,  190. 
"Dance  of  Death,"  96. 


«52 


INDEX. 


D' AngreviUe  de  Beaumont  (Counts),  their  desjcendants, 

353. 
Danish  forts  in  Ireland,  268. 
Danvers  of  Dauntesey,  309.  338. 
Danvei-s  (Sir  John),  noticed,  171.  309.  338. 
Dashwood  (G.  H.)  on  Butts  fjimily,  435. 

Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  335. 
Dates,  seven  required,  309.  405. 
D'Avenant  (Sir  Wm.),  place  of  confinement,  28.  98. 
Daveney  family  of  Norwich,  34. 
D'Aveney  (H.)  on  Abigail  Hill's  family,  9. 
Napoleon's  escape  from  Elba,  86.  532. 
Randolph  family,  34. 
Davis  (J.  E.)  on  male  and  female  swans,  524. 
Days,  unlucky,  429. 

D.  D.  L.  on  "  La  Thebaide,"  Kemy's  "  La  Pucelle,"  248. 
Dean  (Charles)  on  Quintin  Matsys'  "  Misers,"  469. 
Dean  (H.),  "  Hocus  Pocus,"  379. 

Deane  (Wm.  J.)  on  Erasmus's  first  visit  to  Oxford,  181. 
Death  warrants,  last  signed  by  royalty,  433.  523. 
Debating  societies,  207. 
Debrett's  Peerage,  errore  in,  86. 
"Decanal us  Christianitatis,"  an  ecclesiastical   locahty, 

415.  539. 
Decanter,  its  derivation,  189. 
Dee  (Adrian),  Canon  of  Chichester,  310.  390. 
De  Foe  (Daniel),  descendants,  51.  94.  197.  299. 
De  Guileville's  "  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul,"  &c  ,  268.  372. 
D.  (E.  H.  D  )  on  Adenborough,  115. 
Arabic  poem,  207. 
Revivals  about  the  year  1810,  88. 
Delano  (J.)  on  actresses  ennobled  by  marriage,  336. 
Gay's  Works,  1795,  337. 
Jetonniers  of  French  Academy,  329. 
Mutiny  ^t  the  Nore,  131. 
Scandal  against  Queen  Elizabeth,  388. 
Delavals  of  Seaton  Delaval,  394. 
Delta  on  Cardinal  Howard,  53. 

Nelson's  car,  380. 
De  Maccabeer  on  Thomson  the  poet,  50. 
Deney  (Ann),  epitaph  at  Thurlton,  378. 
Denham  Buildings,  Whitehall,  167. 
Denny  (Lady  Arabella),  her  civic  honoure,  88. 
Denoyer  (Jlr.),  dancing-master,  353. 
Denton  (Wm.)  on  Dr.  John  Hewett,  455. 
Devil  portrayed   with  cloven  foot,  309.  387.;  with  a 

pitchfork,  387. 
Dexter  on  quotation,  28. 

D.  (F.  R.)  on  "  It  is  not  beautie  I  demande,"  130. 
D.  (G.)  on  "  Geste  of  King  Home,"  252. 

Hayne,  a  local  termination,  237. 
D.  (H.  A.)  onKendrick  family,  328. 
D.  (H.  J.)  on  the  Scavenger's  daughter,  381. 
Dial,  Greek,  epigram  on,  469. 
Dial  of  Ahaz,  438. 
Dibdin  (Charles),  sen.,  song  by,  172. 
Dibdin  (Dr.   T.  F.),  breeches  edition  of  his  "  Library 

Companion,"  530. 
Dick  (Sir  Alex.)  and  Dr.  Johnson,  107. 
Dickson's  arms,  399. 
Dicksons  in  Berwickshire,  398. 
Dictionaries,  list  of  early  English,  269. 
Digby  (Sir  Kenelm),  his  sympathetic  powder,  395. 
Diligences,  or  coaches,  of  the  last  century,  224. 
Dimond  (Wm.),  date  of  his  death,  129. 
Dixon  (James)  on  gulf -streams,  12. 


Dixon  (Sh-  Nicholas),  monument  at  Cheshunt,  328. 
Dixon  (R.  W.)  on  Abp.  Browne,  311. 

Dixon  (Sir  Nicholas),  his  monument,  328. 
Dycsons  of  Furness  Fells,  378. 
Dixons  of  Furness  Fells,  378. 
D.  (N.)  on  dates  of  early  plays,  416. 

Woodrof,  a  plant,  35. 
Dodd  (Dr.  Wm.),  his  biography,  449. 
Dog,  epitaph  on  a  favourite,  373. 
Dominic  (St.)  and  the  Inquisition,  117.  135.  177. 
Dominis  (Antonio  de),  his  latter  days,  20.  33. 
"  Don  Carlos,"  its  translator,  399. 
Donkey  —  "  Who  ate  the  donkey  ?  "  497. " 
Donne  (Dr.  John),  seal  presented  to  George  Herbert,  170. 

216. 
Donnybrook,  neai- Dublin,  origin  of  the  name,  129. 
Doran  (Dr.  J.)  on  Riding-coat :  Redingote,  49. 

Shooting  soldiers,  156. 
Dorchester  House,  Westminster,  130. 
Dorrington  (Theophilus),  "  The  Excellent  Woman,"  432. 

505. 
Dowling  (Vincent)  and  the  "  Parliament  of  Pimlico,"  89. 

155. 
Downes  (Lord  Wm.),  noticed,  341. 
Dowsing's  sacrilegious  work  in  Ufford  church,  53. 
D.  (P.)  on  verses  by  Geo.  Herbert  and  Theocritus,  290. 

Sex,  as  a  local  termination,  311. 
Drake  (Sir  Francis),  portrait,  268. 
Drayton  (Michael),  "  Poems,  Lyrick  and  Pastoral,"  75. 
Drowning,  a  punishment  for  women,  37. 
Drum,  words  adapted  to  the  beats  of,  98. 
Drammond  of  Colqnhalzie,  327. 
Drunkard's  corpse  burnt,  12. 
Drury  (Sir  Drue)  and  Sir  Amyas  Paulett,  324. 
Dryasdust  (Dr.)  on  contents  of  book  covers,  511. 
Dryden  (John),  his  recantation,  307. 
D.  (T.  B.)  on  Archbishop  Laud's  portrait,  309. 
Dubius  on  Filleroy,  its  meaning,  230. 

•    Glasse  (Mrs.),  authorship  of  her  "  Cookery,"  206. 
Lobster,  how  roasted,  226. 
Lucky  stones,  267. 
Sot's  Hole,  Green  Lamps,  &c.,  250. 
Dublin,  Lord  Mayor  in  1764,  207.  295. 
Dncdame,  its  derivation,  284. 
Duhigg  (Bartholomew  Thomas),  his  biography,  9. 
Du  Moulin's  poem  on  Milton,  227.  272. 
Dun  (Rev.  John)  of  Auchinleek,  23. 
"  Dunbar,"  incident  connected  with  its  wreck,  414.  459. 
Duncanson  (John),  killed  iu  a  duel,  328. 
Duncanson  (Major)  and  the  Massacre  of  Glencoe,  109. 

193.  252. 
Dundalk  accommodation,  88. 
Dunkin  (A.  J.)  on  Cromwell's  head,  97. 
Dunkin  (Dr.  Wm.),  birth  and  death,  415. 
Dunner,  its  derivation,  483. 
Dunsfold  in  Surrey,  71. 
Durer  (Albert),  engraving,  "  The  Holy  Family  with  a 

buttei-fly,"  328. 
Dutch  tragedy,  309. 

D.  (W.)  on  Sermons  before  the  battle  of  Both  well  Bridge, 
493. 
Smokers  not  voters  at  Preston,  17. 
D.  (W.  J.)  on  motto,  "  His  calcabo  gartos,"  110. 
Dyche  (Thos.),  his  "  English  Dictionary,"  249. 
Dycsons  or  Dixons  of  Furness  Fells,  378. 
Dyson  (Jeremiah),  his  pension,  102. 


INDEX. 


553 


E. 


E.  on  Wink,  as  a  local  prefix,  70. 
"  Eagle  pierced  with  an  arrow,"  59. 
East,  on  worshipping  towards,  396. 
Eastwood  (J.)  on  Battens,  300. 

Chaucer:  Sire  Thopas,  351. 

"Cock  an  eye,"  461. 

Grotesque  in  churches,  276. 

Hayne,  as  a  local  termination,  299. 

It  for  its  or  his,  477. 

Smith  (Henry),  "  Sermons,"  330. 

"  Syr  Tryarnoure,"  474. 
Eblana  on  Owensonthe  player,  415. 
E.  (C.  D.)  on  birth  of  the  Pretender,  51. 
Eclympasteire,  its  etymology,  444. 
Edward  IV".,  verses  on  his  death,  411. 
Edwards  (Richard),  "  Palsemon  and  Arcyte,"  13. 
E.  (D.  S.)  on  clerical  error,  532. 
E.  (E.)  on  Adenborough,  51. 

Yorkshire  worthies,  439. 
Efford,  its  etymology,  207.  255.  405. 
Egan  (John)  aZios  Junius  Hibernicus,  166. 
Egmont  (Lord),  "  Precedency  of  the  Peers  of  Ireland," 

398.  537. 
E.  (H.)  on  titles  conferred  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  419. 
Ehronbaum  (Dr.  J.)  on  Hamlet  queries,  267. 
Eikon  Basilike,  first  edition,  356.  444.  500. 
Eirionnach  on  Bacon's  Essays,  332. 

Bethgellert  legend,  93. 

Faust  Legends,  their  original,  87.  406. 

Gallimawfry,  its  derivation,  528. 

Grotesque  in  churches,  273. 

Leighton  (Abp.),  his  Works,  41.  61.  507.  525. 

Pill  Garlick,  444. 
E.  (K.  P.  D.)  on  extraordinary  birth,  257. 

Fly-leaf  notes,  429. 

Hypatia  and  St.  Catherine,  148. 

Inscriptions,  gateway  and  sepulchral,  373. 

Polytheism,  its  revival,  187. 

Scott  (Sir  Walter),  his  Novels,  393. 

Wife-selling  at  Dudley,  258. 
"  Eleu  loro,"  a  chorus,  292.  443. 
Eliminate,  its  peculiar  use,  190. 
Eliza  on  a  song  "  The  Wasp,"  377. 
Elizabeth  of  Bohemia,  her  family,  209. 
Elizabeth  (Queen),  scandal  against,  388. 
Elizabethan  Poems  in  Sion  College,  49. 
Ellacombe  (H.  T.)  on  old  bells,  37. 

Bell  metal,  299. 

Dr.  Donne's  seal,  216; 

Grotesques  in  churches,  274. 

Pews  in  churches,  277. 
Elliott,  a  regiment  all  of  that  name,  538. 
Elliott  (Ebenezer),  "  Peter  Faultless,"  11.  78.  538. 
Ellis  (A.  J.)  on  Anne  Pole,  170. 
Ellis  (Alf.  Shelley)  on  Battiscombe  family,  453. 

Poulett  (Sir  Anthony),  burial-place,  479. 
Elmes  (J.)  on  etymological  query,  379. 

Human  speech  before  the  flood,  379. 

Seven  dates  wanted,  405, 
Elrington  (Dr.  C.  R.),  his  edition  of  Ussher's  Works, 

29. 
Ely  (Henry  Loftus,  Earl  of),  212. 
E.  (M.)  on  Cleanctns,  310. 


Emmett  (Robert),  rebellion,  11.;  snuflFboxes  in  memo- 

riam  of,  496. 
Empson's  House,  Fleet  Street,  294.  357. 
"  End,"  its  meaning  as  applied  to  places,  432.  522. 
Englishry  and  Irishry,  uncommon  words,  12.  77. 
Enquirer  on  Boyle  lectures,  352.  441. 
Enstone  church,  co.  Oxford,  its  literary  treasures,  533. 
Ephemeral  literature,  131.  196.  521. 
Epigrams*  — 

Cassar  Borgia,  246. 

Christina  (Queen)  of  Sweden,  290. 389. 

"  Sunt  monachi  nequam,"  &c.,  308. 

To  a  female  cupbearer,  292.  503. 
Episcopal  registers.  Indexes  to,  202. 

Epitaphs :  — 

Deney  (Ann)  at  Thurlton,  Norfolk,  373. 

Dog  at  Ii'ongate  Stairs,  Tower,  373. 

Molloy  (Edward),  539. 

Nowell  (Alex.),  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  374. 

Sutton  (Sir  Wm.)  of  Averham,  27. 

Talbot  (Richard),  Abp.  of  Dublin,  371. 

Voltaire,  197. 

Western  (Lieut.  John)  Dordrecht  cathedral,  494. 

Weston  (Thomas)  at  Florence,  373. 

Epsilon  on  "  Night,  a  poem,"  479. 

Eques  on  Berkshire  White  Horse,  255. 

Erasmus,  date  of  his  first  visit  to  Oxford,  181. 

Erasmus'  Paraphrase,  MS.  question  in,  70. 

Eric  on  Ulphilas's  translation  of  New  Testament,  87. 

Wynyard  ghost  story,  14. 
Erica  on  lobster,  a  nickname  for  soldier,  252, 

Side-saddles,  258. 
Erskine  (Thomas  Lord)  and  the  Rev.  W.  Cockin's  will 

case,  25.  115. 
Esquire  on  Colonel  Thwackwell,  310. 
Este  on  bearded  women,  324. 
E.  (T.)  on  battles  of  Clavijo  and  Prague,  171. 

Portrait  at  Brickwall,  Northiam,  12. 
Etocsetum,  its  derivation,  179.  300. 
Eufemia  (St.),  patron  of  the  eyes,  214. 
Eulenspiegel,  lais  secretaryship,  316. 
Evans  (R.  H.),  Bibliographical  Recreations,  524. 
Evax,  King  of  Arabia,  work  on  Gems,  401. 
Evelyn  (Sir  John),  noticed,  46.  98.  218. 
Exhibition,  the  Great,   1851,  its  executive  committee, 

223. 
Exorcism  in  the  12th  century,  245. 
Exton  (John),  Judge  of  Admiralty,  310.  389. 
Extraneus  on  altar-tomb  at  Paston,  379. 

Brass  at  West  Herling,  542. 

Rubbings  of  brasses,  478. 


F.  on  Lord  Nithsdale's  escape,  337. 

Skelmufeky,  origin  of  the  name,  431. 

Stratford  family,  522. 
F.  (A.)  on  Beltane  festival,  511. 

Saints'  days'  customs,  242. 

WiUett  (Mr.  Ralph),  443. 
Faber  versiis  Smith,  87. 
Fagus  on  detached  chapels;  Becket's  crown,  268. 

Pensionaiy  in  Holland,  270. 

Temple,  as  applied  to  Protestant  churches,  291. 


554 


INDEX. 


li'airclnld  lecture,  Shoreditcb,  480. 

Fairclough  (Nathanael)  of  Emman.  College,  398, 

Fairies,  a  chapter  on,  482.;  rings,  484. 

Falcon  on  Knox  family,  400. 

Falkland  (Viscount),  his  plaintive  cry,  185. 

Fall  (Rev.  Dr.),  editor  of  Abp.  Leighton's  Works,  42.  62. 

507. 
Falston  House,  Wilts,  187. 
Family  professions,  266. 
Family  vicissitudes,  429. 
Fane  (Lord):  Count  De  Sallis,  186.  237. 
Fap,  or  sap,  in  Shakspeare,  285.  528. 
Farnborough,  custom  at,  243. 
Farrer  (E.)  of  Oundle,  496. 
Farringdon  Hill,  Pye's  lines  on,  255. 
Farthingales,  or  verdingales,  8. ;  denounced,  45. 
Fate  of  three  men  of  letters,  204, 
Faunes  family,  136. 
Fausens,  a  fish,  130.  177. 
Faust  Legends,  their  original,  87.  191.  406. 
Faux,  a  minor  poet,  470. 
Fawkes  (Guido)  examined  by  James  I.,  369, 
F.  (C.)  ou  wreck  of  the  Dunbar,  414. 

Foreign  playing  cards,  432. 

Marriage  customs,  239.      - 
Fearon  (Lieut.-Col.),  C.B.,  169. 
Fenn  (Robert)  of  Trinity  College,  Camb.,  379. 
Fenton  (Lavinia),  Duchess  of  Bolton,  291.  336.  442. 
Fenton  (Perrot)  on  Robert  Clay,  433. 
Ferrar  (Nicholas)   of  Little   Gidding,  473.;    and  the 

"  Short  Histories,"  380. 
Fenrers  family,  147. 

F.  (G.)  on  song,  "Death  of  the  Fox,"  415. 
F.  (H.)  on  arithmetical  notation,  520. 

Birtsmorton  Court,  Worcestershire,  437. 

Extracts  from  an  early  manuscript,  411. 

Fishwick  in  Berwickshire,  381. 

Legends  of  Brittany,  278. 

Platonis  Opera  by  Serranus,  365. 

Qaeenborough  Castle,  308. 
Fiction,  works  of,  proverbialised,  432. 
Fielding  (Henry)  and  Colley  Gibber,  269.  317. 
Fields,  crooked  boundaries  of,  19.  32,  440, 
""  Figaro,"  and  old  jokes,  26. 
Figures  cu',  on  hill  sides,  400.  461. 
Filleroy  explained,  230. 
Finlayson  (J.)  on  Will,  de  la  Grace  Mareshall,  290.    " 

Cartmel;  Service  silver,  &c.,  354. 
Finsbury  jail,  its  locality,  268. 
Fisher  (P.  H.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  271. 
fishwick  parish,  Berwickshire,  381. 
Fitzhopkins  on  the  battles  of  Clavijo  and  Prague,  422. 

p]ulenspiegel,  316. 

"  Figaro,"  and  old  jokes,  26.  ' 

History  of  Judas,  18. 

Mazena's  dog,  291. 

Shooting  soldiers:  oak  leaves,  217, 
Fitzjames  (Capt.)  inquired  after,  451. 
Fitz- Patrick  (W.  J.)  on  Baratariana,  95.  211. 

Dowling   (Vincent)  and    Parliament  of  Pimlico, 
155. 

Dublin  Lord  Mayor,  295. 

MacXally  (Leonard),  his  pension,  281.  341. 

"  Musomania,"  or  Poet's  Purgatory,  28. 

Psalmanazar's  History  of  Ireland,  319. 

Wellington  (Arthur  Duke  of),  Dubhn  address,  466. 


Fitzwarren,  English  history  of,  147. 

F.  (J.)  on  sex  of  swans,  416. 

F.  (J.  C.)  on  ephemeral  literature,  521. 

F.  (J.  W.)  on  Greek  dial,  469. 

Flanchford  in  Surrey,  71. 

Fletcher  (Henry)  of  Clare  Hall,  379. 

Fletcher  (Nathanael),  Sir  H.  Wotton's  chaplain,  302. 

Fletcher  (Wm.)  alias  Junius  Secundus,  166. 

Flood  (Henry),  Junius  claimant,  101.  189.  259. 

Flower-pot,  an  inn  sign,  497. 

Flower  (Sir  James),  burial-place,  146. 

Fly-boat,  temjy.  Elizabeth,  451. 

Fly-leaf  scribblings,  245.  319.  349.  464, 

Fly-leaves,  hints  as  to  notes  on,  429. 

F.  (JL  G.)  on  Rev.  George  Holiwell,  95. 

Forbes  of  Tolquhon,  203. 

Fodder  (E.  M.)  on  "  sleeping  like  a  top,"  53. 

Fodder  (M,  L.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  335, 

Folkestone  on  Kentish  Longtalls,  377. 

Foley  (Lord)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  272. 

Folk  Lore :  — 

Bees  informed  of  a  death,  242. 

Christmas  Eve  superstition,  242. 

Christmas  folk-lore,  481.  484.  486,  488. 

Cornish  superstitions,  489. 

Fairies  and  their  rings,  482.  484. 

Farnborough  custom,  243. 

Goose  eating  at  Michaelmas  and  on  St.  Martin's 

Day,  243. 
Herefordshire  Christmas  custom,  488. 
Magpie,  an  ill-omened  bird,  242, 
Moon  like  a  boat,  242.  319. 
Old  and  New  Style  discovered,  488, 
Oxen's  twelfth  cake,  488. 
Rustic  superstition,  242.  300.  319. 
Saints'  days,  rhymes  on,  242. 
Sickening-cake,  242. 
Teeth-cutting  charm,  326. 
Tooth-ache  superstition,  484. 
Twelfth-day  vigil  custom,  488. 
W^art  incantation,  242. 
Witchcraft  in  churning,  67.  504. 

Food  of  Paradise,  202. 

Ford  church,  Northumberland,  348. 

"  Foreign  Quarterly  Review,"  Contributors  to  Vols.  L  to 

XIV.,  124. 
Forms  of  Prayer,  origin  of  occasional,  147. 
Forrest  (Charles)  on  Watson  family,  76. 
Forrest  (J.  C.)  essayist,  131.  196* 
Forth  (William),  advocate,  397. 
Foss  (Edward)  on  the  Lord  Cliancellor's  progress  to 
Westminster,  153. 

York  House,  Strand,  195. 
Fowling  and  matrimony,  144. 
Fox  (Charles  James)  nvciiii  by,  186. 
Foxe  (John),  early  editions  of  his  "  Book  of  Martyrs," 

221.  271.  334.  405.  472.  533. 
F.  (P.  H.)  on  Rev.  W.  Cockin  and  Lord  Erskine,  115. 

Paulett  (Sir  Amyas)  and  Sir  Drue  Drur}',  324, 

Plough  or  waggon,  522. 

Schuyler  (Aunt),  337, 
Framiiigham  Pigot  Church,  lines  on  its  opening,  428. 
France,  its  ancient  arms,  471.;  its  tricolor  flag,  192. 

218, 
Frangipani,  name  of  a  perfume,  509. 


INDEX. 


555 


Franklin  (Sir  John),  his  death  announced  by  a  clairvoy- 

ante,  268. 
Fraser  (Col.  Simon),  noticed,  164.  346. 
Freeman  (H.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  534. 
Freer  (Capt.  George)  of  101st  regiment,  328. 
French  Academy,  37.  94. 
French  books,  monthly  feuilleton  on,  159.  338. 
French  invasion,  lines  on,  493. 
"French  Massacres,"  1598,  its  author,  251. 
French  records  destroyed  at  the  Revolution,  528. 
French  war,  poem  on,  327. 
F.  (R.  J.)  on  painting  on  copper,  454. 
Frog  as  a  symbol,  249. 
Frogs  in  Ireland,  452. 

Frogs,  three,  the  ancient  arms  of  Finance,  471. 
Frozen  honi  in  Munchausen,  origin  of,  412. 
F.  (R.  R.)  on  extraordinary  birth,  439. 
F.  (T.)  on  lists  of  students  of  Inns  of  Court,  185. 
F.  (T.  S.)  on  truth  stranger  than  fiction,  449. 
Fulford  (Sir  Baldwyn),  noticed,  148. 
Fuller  (Dr.    Thomas),  authorship   of  his  "  Holy  and 

Profane   State,"  380.  ;    Funeral    Sermon   on    Hen. 

Danvers,  309. 
Funerals,  military,  538.  , 

Fusils  in  fesse,  19. 

F.  (W.  H.)  on  hunting  match  of  Tenned,  427. 
F.  (W.  J.)  on  Dr.  Wm.  Dunkin's  birth  and  death,  415. 

Writers  bribed  to  silence,  415. 
Fynmore  (Wm.),  lawyer,  495. 


G. 


G.  on  "  Gil  Bias,"  its  authorship,  34. 

Marat  in  Edinburgh,  52. 

Oracles  in  opposition,  351. 

Portioner,  424. 

Torture  in  England,  217. 

Wright  (Edward),  author  of  "  Travels,"  13. 
Gaffman,  a  farm  overseer,  328.  439. 
Gaguin,  epigram  by,  411.  540. 
Gainsborough  (Thomas),  portrait  of  Major-Gen.  John 

St.  Leger,  225. 
Gairdner  (James)  on  Gaguin's  epigram,  540. 
Gallimawfry,  its  meaning,  285.  528. 
Gallus  on  French  tricolor  flag,  219. 
Gam  (David)  on  Lord  Bacon  a  Calvinist,  201. 

County  voters'  qualification,  196. 

Quotation  in  Tillotson,  119. 

Shelley  and  Barhamwick,  198. 
Gantillon  (P.  J.  F.)  on  publication  of  banns,  227. 

Cambridge  costume,  239. 

Mauve,  the  fashionable  colour,  267. 

Sidney  as  a  feminine  Christian  name,  298. 

Theocritus  and  Virgil,  239. 

Very,  its  derivation,  257. 
Gantlope,  its  meaning,  132.  179. 
Gargoyle  in  church  architecture,  275. 
Garlick:  "  To  pull  garlick,"  explained,  228.  257. 
Garnet  (Henry),  the  Jesuit,  letter,  283. 
Garnock  (Patrick  Lord),  459. 
Garstin  (J.  R.)  on  super-altars,  204. 

Bradstreet  pedigree,  227. 

Fane  (Lord)  :  Count  de  Sails,  237. 
Gascoigne  (George),  453. 
Gascoigne  (Sir  George),  his  biography,  27. 


Gateway  inscription  of  the  Chateau  de  Lusignan,  373. 

Gat-toothed,  or  tooth-gaper,  48. 

Gauden  (Bp.),  "  The  Whole  Duty  of  a  Communicant," 

400.  425. 
Gay  (John)  and  "Molly  Mog,"  84.  129.  145.  172.  ; 
"  Welcome  from  Greece,"  145.  ;  "  Wine,"  145.  175.  ; 
Works,  1795,  337.;  Bell's  edition,  1773,  175. 
Geering  (Mathew),  noticed,  10. 
Gems  and  pi-ecious  stones,  works  on,  401. 
Gemsege  (Paul)  alias  Dr.  Samuel  Pegge,  330. 
Gentileschi  (Horace),  letter  to  Charles  I.,  121.;  noticed, 

19.5. 
George  IV.,  snuff-box  presented  to,  203. 
George  (Lord),  noticed,  110. 
George  (St.)  of  England,  214. 
George  (Wm.)  on  Vertue's  Draughts,  364. 
Gerbier  (Balthazar)  quarrels  with  Gentileschi,  121.  195. 
German  silver,  its  origin,  13. 
Germany,  English  actors  in,  21. 
"  Geste  of  King  Home,"  252.  318. 
"  Gestes  of  Guarine,"  147. 
G.  (F.)  on  Sir  James  Flower's  burial-place,  146. 

Sir  Robert  Peel's  biography,  146. 
Ghost  stories,  14. 
G.  (H.  S.)  on  machine  hexameters,  511. 

Orthographical  peculiarities,  176. 
Giant  at  Rotherliithe,  204. 
Gidding,  Great,  a  pew  inscription,  291.  421. 
Gilbert  on  Duchess  of  Bolton,  336. 

Gauden  (Bp.),  "  Duty  of  a  Communicant,"  425. 
Hoole  (Mrs.),  Dramas,  364. 
Keys,  works  on  ancient,  353. 
Spontoon,  424. 
"  Gil  Bias,"  its  authorship,  34. 
G.  (J.  W.  G.)  on  ocean  cable  telegraphs,  148. 
Glasgow  once  the  abode  of  cannibals,  73. 
Glasguensis  on  Macaulay's  "  prodigal  Nabob,"  399. 

Reeves's  Hebrew  Psalms,  432. 
Glass  bells  for  churches,  328. 
Glasse  (Mrs.),  author  of  her  "  Cookery,"  206. 
Gleane  (Peter),  noticed,  167.  196. 
Gleane  (Sir  Peter),  noticed,  187.  218. 
Gleer^  or  glai'e,  a  slide,  483. 
Glencoe  massacre,  109.  193.  252. 
Gloucestershire  churches,  88. 
Gloves,  perfumed,  510. 
Glow-worm  light,  227. 
Glwysig  on  Wm.  Andrew  Price,  521. 

Rings,  their  uses  and  mottoes,  329. 
G.  (M.  A.  E.)  on  Robert  le  Gris,  335. 
Goft'ton  of  Stockwell,  Surrey,  270. 
Gog  and  Magog,  history  of,  251. 
"  Golden  Bough,"  an  engraving,  377.  442. 
Goldsmith  (Oliver),  story  of  "  Ould  Grouse  in  the  Gun 

room,"  329. 
Gorcum  martyrs,  works  on,  382. 
Gordon  (Alex.),  musician,  279. 
Gorges  (Lord),  noticfed,  110. 

Gothe  (J.  W.  von),  translator  of  his  "  Clavigo,"  415. 
Goulston  family  arms,  250.  298. 
Graal  (St.).     See  Sangraal. 

"  Grace,"  as  applied  to  Archbishops  and  Dukes,  415. 
Grafton  (Augustus  Henry,  third  Duke  of),  212. 
Grahams  of  Drogheda,  27. 
Grammont  (Chevalier  de),  "  Memoirs,"  159. 
Granger  on  Song  of  "  The  Slave  Ship,"  353. 


556 


INDEX. 


Granville  (Lord)  on  Jlrs.  Butler's  poem,  255. 

Grave-diggers,  noticed,  39.  76.  118. 

Graves  fomily  professions,  266. 

Graves  (James)  on  Buchanan  pedigree,  148. 
Cutts  (John  Lord),  MS.  lettei-s,  178. 

Gray  (Thomas),  his  copy  of  Strype's  Stow,  41G. 

Greek  dial,  epigram  on,  469. 

Greek  word  quoted  by  Dean  Trench,  88.  156. 

Green  Lamps,  a  tavern,  250. 

Greig  family  arras,  252. 

Grenville  (Dean),  Beaumont's  Life  of,  20G. 

Grey  (Lady  Jane),  burial-place,  512. 

Grigg  (Rev.  Joseph),  of  St.  Albans,  270. 

Grinding  old  people  young,  327. 

Grist  (H.  S.)  on  Hockabench  or  Aukabencli,  354. 

Grosseteste's  "  Castle  of  Love,"  passage  in,  416.  539. 

Grotesque  in  churches,  130.  196.  236.  273. 

Grundy  (Mrs.),  "  What  will  she  say  ?  "  293. 

Grys  (Sir  Robert  le),  noticed,  268.  335. 

G.  (T.  G.)  on  a  quotation.  513. 

Gualbert  (St.  John),  noticed,  188. 

Guileville  (De),  "  Pilgrimage  of  Man,"  &c.,  268.  372. 

Gulf-stream  and  climate  of  England,  12.  55. 

Gun-founts,  Dutch,  in  1413,  49. 

Gunning  (Bp.),  "  A  View  and  Correction  of  the  Com- 
mon Prayer,"  400. 

Gunpowder  Plot,  documents  in  State  Paper  Office,  369.  ; 
discovered  by  tlie  magic  mirror,  369. 

Guns  first  used  in  India,  17. 

Gutch  (J.  M.)  on  Coleridge's  Yorkshire  Worthies,  207. 
Jones  of  Xayland  and  Rev.  (r.  Watson,  396, 

Gutch  (J.  W.  G.)  on  Gloucestershire  churches,  88. 
Papier  moure,  438. 

G.  (W.  B.)  on  seven  dates  wanted,  406. 

Gwillim's  Heraldry,  Cromwcllian  edition,  17. 

Gwyn  (Nell)  resided  at  Burford  House,  Windsor,  355.; 
har  sister  Rose,  306. 


H 


H.  on  tlie  arrows  of  Harrow,  59. 

Chancellor's  progress  to  Westminster,  104. 
H.  (^Canonhurij)  on  Sir  Walter  Scott's  song,  461. 
Hacket  (Dr.  Roger),  noticed,  310. 
Hackwood  (R.  W.)  on  book-markers,  362. 

Box:  "  in  the  wrong  box,"  413. 

Dial  of  Ahaz,  438. 

Duke  of  Bolton,  442. 

Figures  cut  on  hill  sides,  400. 

Prayer  in  Pepys's  Diary,  433. 

Shakspeare's  Cliff,  379. 

Slave  Ship,  a  song,  480. 
Haddock  (Admiral  Nicholas),  noticed,  148. 
Hag,  or  fairy- rings,  484. 
Hailston  (Edward),  on  bearded  women,  478. 
Haines  (H.)  on  monumental  brasses,  136. 

Brass  at  West  Herling,  541. 
Hallam  (Arthur),  "  Literary  Remains,"  397. 
Halliwell  (J.  0.)  on  old  English  plays,  467. 
Halloween,  the  rites  connected  with  it,  270. 
Halls  of  Greatford,  39.  95.  119.  199, 
Harpoyset  fyssheponde,  49.  115.  259. 
Hambie  (the  Seigneur  de),  romantic  stoiy,  509. 
Hamilton  (Lady),  7iugm  by,  186. 
Hamraer-cloth,  origin  of  the  word,  380.  407.  439. 539. 


I  Hammerton    (Abram    &    Hester)    of    Kingston-upon- 
I       Thames,  118. 

Hammock-doth,  381.  407.  539. 
,  Hampshire  arms,  187. 
I  Hanbury  (Daniel)  on  Frangipani,  509. 
1  Handel  (G.  F.)  in   Bristol,  210.;   commemoration  in 
1759,    78.;  festivals,    1784   and    1859,    20.    168.; 
Hallelujah  Chorus,  107.  198. 
i   Hand  held  up  in  law  courts,  414.  501. 
;  "  Hanged,  drawn,  .ind  quartered,"  explained,  149. 
:  Hann.ay  (Patrick),  "  Songs  and  Sonnets,"  19. 

Hanoverian  jewels,  25. 
:  Harding  family,  88. 

Hare  (C.  J.)  orthographical  peculiarities,  129.  17G. 

Hargrave  (Francis),  liis  library,  494. 
;  Harington  (E.  C.)  on  a  bear  hunt  on  the  Thames,  196. 
I  Harling,  West,  brass  in  its  church,  417.  461.  541. 
i  Harrington,  a  token,  497. 

j  Harrison  (Rev.  Thomas),  Vicar  of  Ratcliffe,  90.  139. 
I  Harrison  (W.)  on  inscription  in  Yorkshire,  353. 
I  Harrow,  the  arrows  of,  17.  35.  59. 
I  HaiTy,  Lord,  and  a  toucher,  433. 
j  "  H.irry  Sophister,"  origin  of  the  phrase,  86.  191.  239. 
i  Hart  (Wm.  Henry)  on  Dr.  Plewett's  son,  520. 
!  Hart  (Alderman),  335. 

!  Hobbes  (Thomas),  elegy  on,  286. 

j  Inscriptions  in  books,  349. 

i  Memorials  to  the  Treasury,  65. 

!  Seal  of  SS.  Serge  and  Baccus  monastery,  415. 

I  Window  in  the  sense  of  Blank,  470. 

j  Hart  (Sir  John),  Lord  JIayor  of  London,  308.  335. 
j  Hastings  (Jlr.),  cliaracter  by  the  Earl  of  Shaftesbury. 
!       131.  197. 

I  Hastings  (Warren),  Sheridan's  speeches   on  his  trial, 
I       131.  259.  536. 

I  HaufTs  Othello,  Englisli  translation,  89. 
;  Hawker,  its  derivation,  432. 

Hawkins  (Edward)  on  Diligences,  224. 

Hawtrey  (Lieut.  F.  H.),  his  seal,  386. 

H.asey  Hood,  custom  of,  137. 

Hay  Cliff,  Dover,  79. 

Hayman  (Francis),  pictures  at  Vauxhall,  70. 

Hayne  as  a  termination,  its  derivation,  171.  237.  299. 

Haynes  (J.  B.)  on  Two  Kings  of  Brentford,  228. 

H.  (C.)  on  Golden  Bough,  442. 
Knowles  (Herbert),  116. 

H.  (C.  H.)  on  Hampshire  county  .arms,  187. 
"  Scraping  an  acquaintance,"  71. 

Head  (F,  B.)  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 

Hearing  through  the  throat,  136. 

Heath  (Abp.),  and  York  House,  210. 

Heath  (Dr.  Bcnj.),  sale  of  his  library,  401. 

Heath  (John)  of  Queen's  College,  Camb.,  379. 

Hebrews,  date  of  the  Epistle  to  the,  247.  315.  383. 

Hedon  in  Yorkshire,  its  seal,  376.  .523. 

Heineken  (N.  S.)  on  Barum  Top,  69. 
Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  272.  335. 
Hayne,  as  a  local  termination,  171. 

Hellen  (Robert),  King's  Counsel,  212. 

Hen-drinking  at  maniages,  239. 

Henry  IV.  of  France,  words  attributed  to  him,  46. 

Henry  V.  educated  at  0.\ford,  323. 

Henry  VI.  painting  in   Westminster  Abbey,   33.  55.  ; 
removal  of  his  body  to  Westminster,  531. 

Henry  VIII.,  picture  in  St.  Benet,  Gracechurch,  71.  1 1)7 . 

Hepple  (Edmund)  on  hammer-cloth,  380. 


INDEX 


557 


Heraldic  drawings  and  engravinjr.",  471.  523. 
Heraldic  queries,  11.  27.  130.  292.  364. 
Heraldry,  the  crescent,  354. ;  nautical,  269. 
Heralds'  Visitations,  list  of,  303.  440.  ;  the  last,  228. 
Herbe  d'Or,  its  botanical  name,  424.  462.  537. 
Herbert  (George)  and  Dr.  Donne's  seal,    170.  216.  ; 
manner  of  spending  the  Sabbath,  401.  ;  poems  like 
his  "  Easter  Wings,"  290.  385. 
Herefordshire  Christmas  custom,  488. 
Heward  (R.)  on  Celtic  remains  in  Jamaica,  93. 
Hewett  (Dr.  John),  biographical  sketch  of,  39 1 .  455.  519. 
Hewett  (J.  F.  N)  on  Dr.  John  Hewett,  391. 
Hexameters,  machine,  511. 
Hesham  Abbey  church,  435. 
Heylin  (John),  noticed,  46.  79. 
Heyricke  (Robert),  his  letters  at  Chriitmas,  484. 
H.  (F.)  on  Stratford  family,  477. 
H.  (F.  C.)  on  Antonio  de  Dominis,  33. 
Birth  extraordinary,  299. 
Korghese  (the  Princess),  460. 
Brass  at  West  Herling,  461. 
Clapping  Prayer-Books  on  Good  Friday,  32.  58. 
"  Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno,"  518. 
Damask,  to  spoil  books,  541. 
Epigram  on  Caesar  Borgia,  246. 
Henry  IV.,  figures  of,  55. 
Hypatia  and  St.  Catherine,  217. 
.Terningham  family,  317. 
Knowles  (Herbert),  153. 
"  Liberavi  animam  meani,"  157. 
Patron  saints,  lists  of,  214. 
Rustic  superstition,  300. 
St.  Bonaventure's  Works,  178. 
Somersetshire  poets,  319. 
Three  Kings  of  Colon,  505. 
Tricolor  cockade,  218. 
Voltaire  and  Dr.  Young,  197. 
Writers  bribed  to  silence,  461. 
H.  (G.)  on  first  Sfarquis  of  Antrim,  308. 
H.  (H.  F.)  on  John  Parkinson,  herbalist,  495. 
H.  (H.  G.)  on  II.  Sullacombe  and  the  streets  of  Lon- 
don, 105. 
Hibernicus  on  Anna  LifFcy  river,  364. 
Hieron  (Rev.  Samuel),  "  A  Heljie  unto  Devotion,''  SSI. 
Highland  Mary,  her  birth-place,  380. 
Highland  regiment  at  battle  of  Leip&ic,  469.  537. 
Hildersham  (Arthur),  descendants,  431.  474. 
Hildesley  (Mark),  Poetical  Miscellanies,  472. 
Hill  (Abigail),  her  fan.ily,  9.  57.  15.5.  215.  228. 
Hill  (Dr.),  author  of  Mrs.  Glasse's  "  Cookcrv,"'  206. 
Hill  (Col.  John),  noticed,  193. 
Hill  (J.  E.)  on  Rev.  Richard  Johnson,  236. 
H.  (.1.)  on  inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  96. 

"  Night,"  a  poem,  78. 
H.  (J.  N.)  on  Admiral  Hiiddock,  148. 
H.'  (L.)  on  Oliver  Cromwell's  knights,  31. 
H,  (M.)  on  Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery,  313. 

Unburied  ambassadors,  498. 
Hoadly  (Dr.  John),  his  private  theatre,  136.  149. 
Hobbes  (Thomas)  of  Malmesbury,  lines  on,  286. 
Hockabench  or  Aukabcnch,  its  etymology,  334. 
Hode  (Robyn)  on  archery  club  motto,  129. 
Hodening  in  Kent,  486. 
Hofiand  (Barbara),  noticed,  311.  364. 
Jlogarth  (Win.),  as  an  actor,  149.  ;  pictures  at  Vaux- 
liall,  70. 


Holbein  faiiiily  of  Ravensburg,  77. 

Iloliwell  (Rev.  George)  of  Polwarth,  95, 

Holt  (Gen.  Joseph),  his  "  Jlemoirs,"  9. 

Holystone  baptistery,  349. 

llonywood  (Michael),  noticed,  349.  439. 

Hoods,  colour  of  University,  74.  191.  239. 

Hoolc  (Barbara).     See  Ilojhnd. 

Hoop  petticoats  and  crinoline,  374.  ;  in  1719,  45. 

Hopewell  on  Heralds'  visitations,  &;c.,  228. 

Hopper  (CI.)  on  Ayhvard  family  crest,  442^ 

Cromwell's  children,  16.  97. 

Cromwell's  knights,  77. 

Fusils  in  fesse,  19.  .    , ; 

Gwyn  (Nell),  house  at  Windsor,  355. 

Hanoverian  jewels,  25. 

Hewett  (Dr.),  his  son,  519. 

Hungerford  family,  464. 

Kempenfelt  family,  427. 

Laud  (Abp.),  portraits,  389.  437. 

Maiy  Queen  of  Scots'  secretary,  267. 

MarveU's  letter  to  John  Milton,  47.  134. 

Mence  (Francis),  503. 

Miltoniana,  142. 

Myddelton  (Mrs.),  portrait,  423. 
Horace,  innnaculate  edition  of  1744,  395.  :  trr.nslation 

of  his  Lyric  Works,  209. 
"  Horn  .ind  Rimenhild,"  252.  318. 
Horse  trenibling  at  the  sight  of  a  camel,  354.  406. 
Horsley  (Bp.),  orthographical  peculiaritie.",  129.  176. 
Hotten  (J.  C.)  on  old  English  booksellers,  182. 
Hour-glass  in  churches,  488. 
Howard  (J.  J.)  on  Abdias  Ashton,  408. 

Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  &c.,  534. 
Howard  (Philip),  Cardinal  of  Norfolk,  52.  75. 
Howe  (George  Augustus,  third  Viscount),  mural  tablet 

suggested,  86. 
H.  (P.  G.)  on  Colonel  Hill,  252. 
H.  (S.)  on  Lord  Egmont's  i)ainphk't,  537. 

Passports,  their  origin,  541. 

"  To  sleep  like  a  top,"  97. 
II.  (T.  B.  B.)  on  inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  77. 
Huffkin,  a  cake,  its  derivation,  483. 
Huit  (John),  noticed,  46.  99. 
Hundred,  its  etymology,  529. 
Hungerford  family,  464. 

Hunt  (Leigh),  birth,  51.  118.  ;  papers  in  "The  Li- 
beral," 292. ;  translation  of  Walter  Mapes's  drinking 
song,  185.220.  r 

Hunting  match  of  Termed,  427. 
Hurd  (Bi.shop),  author  of  his  Life,  416. 
Hurdis  (J.  H.),  inn-sign  painted  by  him,  236. 
Husk  (W.  H.)  on  Henry  VIIL's  picture,  137. 

Italian  music  in  England,  404. 

"  Molly  Mog,"  175. 

Owenson  the  player,  521. 
Huss  (John),  represented  with  a  goose,  277.  298.  515. 
Hutchinson  (Ann),  her  family  name,  531. 
Hutchinson  (John  Hely),  211. 
Hutchinson  (P.)  on  bearded  women,  333. 

Anno  Regni  Regis,  513. 

Grotesque  in  churches,  276.  • 

Hutchinson  (Ann),  family  name,  531. 

Inscription  in  Great  Gidding  church,  291. 
Huth  (Henry)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  271. 
Ihitton  parish,  Berwickshire,  records  of,  325. 
H.  (W.)  on  coal  first  used  in  England,  53. 


558 


INDEX. 


H.  (W.)  on  guns  first  used  in  India,  17. 

Hymns,  anonymous,  512. 

Hypatia  and  St.  Catherine,  148.  217.  277. 


I. 


"  lago  Displayed,"  satire  on  the  War-office,  56. 

Ihre  (W.)  on  Euhnken's  Dictata,  171. 

I.  (J.)  on  Buchanan  pedigree,  219. 

"  Illoques,"  its  derivation,  146.  179. 

Ina  on  M.P.  nominated  by  a  bishop,  48. 

Inclosures,  curved  form  of  ancient,  19.  32.  440. 

Index,  a  general  literary,  103. 

Indian  kings  visit  to  England,  1710,  417.  454.  541. 

Indo-European  languages,  1 10.  134. 

Ingelo  (Dr.),  "  Bentivolio  and  Urania,"  quoted,  525. 

Ingir  on  Dr.  Latham's  theory  of  languages,  110. 

Ingledew  (C.  J.  D.)  on  Sir  Henry  Calverley,  28. 

Eland  (Sir  John),  ballad  on,  169. 

Norton  family,  249. 

Eokeby  (Ralph)  of  Rokeby,  89. 

Shawl  at  Leyburn,  &c.,  388. 

Sickening- cake,  242. 
Inglis  (E.)  on  Anne  Cromwell  :  Mary  More,  497. 

Farrer  (E.)  of  Oundle,  496. 

Hildesley's  Poelicul  Miscellanies,  472. 

Lewis  (David),  poet,  497. 

Lopez  de  Vega's  Romeo  and  Juliet,  496. 

Maclellan  (Henry),  dramatist,  512. 

Ord  (J.  Walker),  his  death,  531. 

Terence,  translators  of,  512. 

Winstanley  (Wm.),  liis  death,  531. 
Innismurray  island,  early  notices  of,  170.  259. 
Innocents'  Day  custom,  487. ;  muffled  peal  on,  424. 
Inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  77.  96.  157.  236. 
Inns  of  Court,  matriculation  lists  of  students,  185. 
Inquirer  on  the  Rev.  John  Jones,  292. 

Damask,  its  different  meanings,  430. 

Inscriptions :  — 
Bell,  389. 
Book,  319. 

Fly-leaves,  245.  349.  429.  464. 
Great  Gidding  church,  291. 
Gateway  of  the  Chitteau  de  Lusignan,  373. 
Lisburn,  door  of  an  old  house,  373. 
Manor-house  in  Yorkshire,  353. 
Sundial  at  Milton  church,  Berks,  374. 

Ireland,  Danish  forts  in,  268. 

Ireland,  old  graveyards  in,  69.  539. 

Irish  bankrupts  of  last  century,  531. 

Irish  Extinct  and  Dormant  Peerage  suggested,  288. 

Irish  pedigrees  missing,  378. 

Irish  Registry  Acts,  298. 

Irish  secret  service  documents,  281.  341. 

Irish  stamp  duties,  50. 

Irson  (Thomas),  noticed,  531. 

Irving  (J.)  on  Rev.  John  Anderson,  358. 

Irving  (Washington),  birth  and  death,  51.  118.  487. 

"It"  for  "its"  or  "his,"  477. 

Itacism,  its  derivation,  229. 

Italian  jests,  ancient,  412. 

Italian  music  in  England,  290.  404. 

Italy,  the  lion  in,  241. ;  the  vulture,  1. 

Ithuriel  on  Aphara  Behn's  petition,  265. 


Ithuriel  on  bearded  women,  333. 

Cromwell  and  the  Great  Seal,  147. 

Ghost  story  and  Duke  of  Buckingham,  222. 

Gwyn  (Nell),  her  sister  Eose,  306. 

Hill  family,  155. 

Jersey  legend:  Seigneur  de  Hambie,  509. 

Milton  (John),  Latin  poem  against,  227. 

Shakspeare,  early  allusions  to,  285. 
Ives  of  Oxford,  pedigree,  380. 


J. 


J.  on  Dickson's  arms,  399. 

Heraldic  query,  130. 

Judges  and  their  style  Honourable,  431. 

Privy  Councillors  tevip.  Hen.  VII.  and  VIII.,  470. 

Scott  (Sir  Walter),  his  descendants,  27. 

Stonehenge  described  by  the  Brahmins,  69. 

Style  of  "Grace,"  415. 
Jack  of  Newbury,  his  portiait,  304. 
Jackson  (John  Baptist),  his  Works,  381. 
Jackson  (J.  E.)  on  Aldrynton  deed,  57. 

Aubrey's  Wiltshire  Antiquities,  467. 
Jacob  (Sir  John),  noticed,  206. 
Jacobite  manuscripts,  307.  363. 
Jamaica,  Celtic  remains  in,  24.  59.  91. 
James  I.,  his  "  Basilikon  Doron,"  513. 
James  II.'s  Irish  Army  Lists,  9.  217. 
Jasper  runic  ring,  248.  297. 
Javanese  antiquities,  92. 
Jaydee  on  heraldic  drawings  and  engravings,  471. 

Marat's  medical  tracts,  93. 
J.  (B.  S.)  on  the  Battiscombe  family,  522. 

"  Familiarity  breeds  contempt,"  530. 
J.  (C.)  on  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence's  sketch  of  Mrs.  Lin- 
ley,  69. 

Nautical  heraldry,  269. 

St.  Leger  stakes,  362. 
Jenins  (Sir  Stephen),  Mayor  of  London,  88. 
Jenny's  Whim,  a  tavern,  250. 
j  Jerningham  family,  256.  317. 
Jersey  legend  :  the  Seigneur  de  Hambie,  509. 
J.  (E.  S.)  on  "  EHspirid,"  in  Wiclif,  471. 

French  massacres,  251. 

Pilgrim  Plowden,  469. 

"  Syr  Tryamoure,"  obscure  passages  in,  225. 
Jetonniers  of  the  French  Academy,  329. 
Jews  at  Canterbury,  243. 

.Jews  in  Oxford,  and  halls  named  after  them,  144. 
Jews,  the  black,  418. 
Jews  of  Malabar,  232.  418.  521. 
Jews'  Spring  Gardens,  422. 
J.  (G.)  on  Boswell's  Johnson,  107. 

Broughton  barony,  438. 

Merry  question  on  the  burning  of  a  mill,  288. 

Sheridan's  speech  on  Hastings'  trial,  131. 
J.  (H.)  on  Abp.  Juxon  and  family,  471. 

Provincial  printing  presses,  469. 
J.  (J.)  on  ephemeral  literature,  131. 

"  Portrait  of  a  true  gentleman,"  397. 
J.  (J.  C.)  on  book  notes  and  fly-leaf  scribblings,  464. 

Drurer  (Albert),  his  engraving,  328. 

Elizabethan  poems  in  Sion  College,  49. 

Fly-leaf  scribbling,  245. 

"  Infanta  de  Zamorre,"  400. 


INDEX. 


559 


J.  (J.  C.)  on  mediajval  burials,  147. 

Motet  :  tenor,  tlieir  etymology,  489. 

Seal  inscription,  311. 
J.  (J.  F.)  on  Dutch  tragedy,  309. 
John  (King)  and  the  Jews  at  Canterbuiy,  243. 
1  John  V.  7.,  MSS.  containing  this  verse,  87.  175.  238. 
Johnes  (Col.)  of  Havod,  his  parentage,  378. 
Johnson  (Rev.  Richard),  noticed,  236. 
Johnson  (Dr.  Samuel),  his  chair,  68.  363. 
Johnston  (Sir  Archibald),  Lord  Warriston,  his  knight- 
hood, 383. 
Jones  (John),  "  Attempts  in  Verse,"  57. 
Jones  (Rev.  John),  Fellow  of  Queen's  College,  Oxon.,  292. 
Jones  (Richard),  actor,  21. 

Jones  (\Vm.)  of  Naylund,  on  turning  to  the  East,  396. 
Joseph  of  Exeter's  poem,  "  Antiocheis,"  327.        '' 
Joseph  on  Brathwaite  coat  of  arms,  88. 
Joyce,  Choyse,  Jocunda,  pet  names,  250. 
J.  (S.  H.)  on  translators'  interpolations,  206. 
Judas,  History  of,  18. 
Judge's  black  cap,  130.  193.  238.  406. 
Judges,  origin  of  their  style  "  Honourable,"  431. 

Junius : — 

Authorship  settled  by  an  auctioneer,  68. 

Flood  (Henry),  claimant,  101.  189.  259. 

Irish  Junius,  166. 

Junius  Hibernicus,  i.  e.  John  Egan,  Esq.,  166. 

Junius  Secundus,  i.  e.  Wm.  Fletcher,  Esq.,  166. 
Juvenal  (Jupiter)  on  Kentish  longtails,  425. 
Juxon  (Abp.),  his  family  and  will,  471. 
Juxon  (Thomas),  noticed,  46.  98. 
J.  (W.)  on  Mont  St.  Michael,  iSTormandy,  1 54. 
J.  (Y.  B.  N.)  on  Dr.  Fuller  and  the  Ferrars,  380. 

Jest  books,  504. 

Texts  from  the  Apocrypha,  443. 


K. 

K,  on  Chaumont  church,  227. 

Purkess,  or  Purkes  family,  377. 
Kaines  (J.)  on  "  The  Golden  Bougli,"  377. 
Kaleo  on  corrected  printers'  proofs,  187. 
Karamsia  (Nicolai),  his  Travels,  96. 
Keating  (E.  H.),  Dramas,  311. 
Keck-handed,  its  derivation,  483. 
K.  (E.  D.)  on  Itacism,  229. 
Kelly  (Wm.)  on  the  murder  of  Sir  R.  Beler,  496. 
■      Book  of  Hy-Many,  512. 

Grey  (Lady  Jane),  burial-place,  512. 
Kelp,  how  manufactured,  85. 
Kempenfelt  family,  427. 
Kendrick  family,  328.  440. 

Kennedy  (Sir  Andrew),  letter  to  James  Anderson,  246. 
Kennedy  (C.  Le  Poer)  on  "  Basilikon  Doron,"  513. 

Aquinas  (Thomas),  two  works  by,  514. 

Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  404. 

Overflowings  of  the  Tiber,  450. 

Power  (Henry  Lord),  518. 

Scavenger's  daughter,  424. 
Kennedy  (William),  minor  poet,  293. 
Kennet  (Wm.)  of  Corpus  Christi,  Cambridge,  46.  97. 
Kennett  (Bp.  White),  "  Complete  History  of  England," 

343. 
Kentish  fire,  Hs  inventor,  278. 


Kentish  longtails,  377.  425.  539. 

Ker  (Robert)  and  the  fiishious  of,  1719,  45. 

Kervell  family,  436. 

Keys,  works  on  ancient,  353.  537. 

K.  (G.  H.)  on  Basingstoke  reckonings,  128. 

Digby's  Sympathetic  Powder,  395. 

Edwards's  "  Palajmon  and  Arcyte,"  13. 

Gascoigne  (George),  453. 

Gascoigne  (Sir  John),  27. 

Moldwarp,  its  etymology,  135. 

Nevinson,  a  schoolmaster,  149. 

Plowden's  Commentaries  in  English,  454. 

Windsor  baron  of  beef,  336. 

Woodroof,  a  plant,  35. 

Zinzan  family,  292. 
Kilham  (Alex.),  his  birth-place  and  death,  514. 
Killigrew  (Sir  Henry),  particulars  of,  206. 
Kilvert  (F.)  on  Bishop  Hurd,  416. 
King  (Abp.),  portrait  by  Bindon,  169. 
King  (Edward)  on  etymology  of  Efford,  207. 
King's  bastion  at  Gibraltar,  417. 
King's  Head  near  St.  Paul's,  399. 
King's  regnal  years,  how  reckoned,  513. 
Kingston  (Sir  Anthony),  noticed,  38. 
Kinnoul  (Earl  of),  letter,  476. 
Kirk  Session  records  of  Hutton  parish,  325. 
Kirke  (Col.  Percy),  biographical  notice,  471. 
Kirkwallensis  on  epigram  to  a  female  cupbearer,  503. 
K.  (J.  E.)  on  bobolink  and  cocking  an  eye,  417.     ,r:'^ 
Klofron  on  Mr.  Willett,  purchaser  of  the  Orleans  pic- 
tures, 337. 
Knights  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  18.  31.  77.  114. 

158.  216.  382.  419. 
Knights  of  Yorkshire,  &c.  51. 
Knowinge,  a  rent,  354. 

Knowles  (S.  H.)  on  Henry  Smith's  Sermons,  502. 
Knowles  (Herbert),  his  poems,  28.  55.  79.  116.  153. 
Knowles  (James)  on  abbreviated  local  names,  219. 

Counsellor  Tilly,  206. 
Knox  (Rt.  Hon.  Wm.),  pedigree,  400. 
K.  (S.)  on  Woodroof  (^Asperula  odorata),  77. 
K.  (S.  K.)  on  cracknells,  293. 
K.  (T.)  on  Gibber's  Apology,  317. 
Kya  Kubber  on  Ives  of  Oxford,  380. 
Kynder  (Philip)  of  Pembroke  Hall,  380. 


L.  on  Barrymore  and  the  Du  Banys,  16. 

Drawing,  a  punishment  for  women,  37. 

Italian  jests,  ancient,  412. 

Judge's  black  cap,  406. 

Prohibition  of  prophecies,  64. 

"  Eire  jaune,"  illustration  of  the  phrase,  218.  268. 
Laale,  collector  of  proverbs,  535. 
Lamb  (Frank)  on  bells  rung  backwards,  18. 

Rue  in  prisoners'  dock,  27. 
Lamb  (J.  J.)  on  Leigh  Hunt  and  the  Liberal,  292. 
Lambert  (Rev.  Thomas),  his  family,  10. 
Lambeth  palace,  its  portrait  gallery,  309. 
Lamont  (C.  D.)  on  John  Anderson,  255. ;  his  papers, 

345.  515. 
Lancastriensis  on  super-altars,  297. 
Landallis,  or  Lauderdale,  434. 
Landals  (Wm.),  Bishop  of  St.  Andrews,  434. 


560 


INDEX. 


L.  (A.  T.)  on  Archbishop  Cromer,  424. 

Founders  of  Wesleyan  Methodism,  514. 
Lateen  sails,  38. 
Latham  (Dr.),  theory  of  the  Indo-European  languages, 

110.134. 
"  La  Thebaide,"  a  tragedy,  1 584,  248. 
Laud  (Abp.),  original  portraits,  309.  389.  437.  540. 
Lauderdale  (Lord),  letter  to  Charles  IL,  251. 
Law  and  poison,  130. 
Law  lists,  early,  28. 

Lawrence  (Sir  Thomas)  sketch  of  Mrs.  Linley,  69. 
Laymen,  strange  derivation  of,  127. 
L.  (B.)  on  booksellers'  lists,  88. 
L.  (C.)  on  San  Giovanni  Gualberto,  188. 
L.  (D.  C.)  on  Literaj  Kegiaj,  495. 
L.  (E.)  on  the  arrows  of  Harrow,  17. 

Clapping  prayer-books  on  Good  Friday,  19. 
Leavitt  (Joshua)  on  poem  on  the  French  war,  327. 
Lee  (Alfred  T.)  on  inscription  at  Lisburn,  373. 

Scorning  the  church,  45 1 . 

"  This  day  eight  days,"  531. 
Lee  (Wm.),  his  "  Youths'  Behaviour,"  183. 
Leer,  or  "  feeling  fcer,"  its  derivation,  483. 
Leese  and  Lancers,  altered  in  some  Bibles,  228. 
Lefort  (Madlle.),  a  bearded  woman,  333.  478. 
Legerdemain,  works  on,  379. 

Leicester,  change  in  the  dedication  of  St.  Martin's,  437. 
Leigh  of  Cheshire,  258. 
Leighton  (Abp.),  bibliography  of  his  Works,  41.  61. 

113.150.507.525. 
Lennard  family,  430. 
Lennep  (J.  H.  van)  on  bell  of  Moscow,  442. 

Celtic  remains  in  Jamaica,  91. 

Dutch  gun-founts,  49. 

Electric  telegraph  foreshadowed,  503. 

Fairy  rings,  484. 

Harpoys  and  fys.sheponde,  259. 

Malabar  Jews,  232.  418. 

Mysterious  cheque  bearer,  308. 

Naked- Boy  Court,  538. 

Paul  Gemsege,  pseud.  Dr.  Sam.  Pegge,  330. 

Water-marks  in  paper,  77. 

"Winterly  thunder,  36. 

Western  (Lieut.  John),  epitaph,  494. 
Leo  (F.  A.)  on  passage  in  "  Pleasure  for  Jleasure,"  527. 
Leslie  (Charles),  "  Answer  to  Abp.  King,"  252. 
Lesly  (George),  Eector  of  Whittering,  207. 
L'Estrange  (J.)  on  monumental  brasses  since  1{J88,  478. 

Wymondham  bell  inscription,  389. 
Lett  family  of  Wexford,  451- 
Letters  sent  by  post,  statistics  of,  375. 
Lewis  (David),  author  of  "  Philip  of  JIacedon,"  497. 
Lewis  (John),  notes  on  Burnet's  Life  of  Bp.  Bedell,  301. 
Lewis  (Rt.  Hon.  G.  Cornewall).  on  ancient  names  of  the 
Cat,  261. 

Lion  in  Greece,  81. 

Lion  in  Italy,  241. 

Vulture  in  Italy,  1. 
Leybourn,  shawl  at,  248. 
L.  (F.)  on  Nostradamus'  prophecy,  50. 

Quotation,  327. 

St.  John  the  Evangelist,  his  symbol,  111. 
L.  (G.)  on  Ross  families,  397. 

Schuyler,  a  Dutch  family,  290. 
L.  (G.  1».)  on  Camden  Miscellany,  vol.  iv.  466. 

Fly-boat,  temj).  Elizabeth,  451. 


L.  (G.  R.)  on  Sir  William  St.  John,  431. 

"  Liber  Horn,"  quoted,  32. 

Libraries,  county,  244. 

Libya  on  Baccare,  as  used  by  Sliakspeare,  527. 

Bartholomew  Cokes,  237. 

Gibber's  Apology,  317. 

Cromwell's  children,  56. 

Farnborough  custom,  243. 

Haxey  Hood,  137. 

Lc  contrat  Mohatra,  69. 

Milton's  epigram,  389. 

Qualitied:  Fausens,  130. 

Quarles  (Francis),  Divine  Poems,  356. 

Quotation  in  Tillotson's  Sermon,  69. 

Vargas'  oath,  355. 
LifFey,  Anna;  why  the  river  so  named,  311.  364. 
"  Ligaturas  facere,"'  species  of  magic,  1 96. 
Lightfoot  (Dr.  John),  Master  of  St.  Catharine's  College, 

Cambridge,  452.;  on  the  Lord's  Praver,  453. 
Lightfoot  (W.  J.)  on  Dr.  John  Lightfoot,  452. 
Lightning  and  fish,  469. 
Lilac,  Syringa,  or  Philadelphus,  73.  109. 
Lill  (Godfrey),  Solicitor-General,  212. 
Lilly  (John),  dramatist,  his  Letters,  224. 
Limner  (Luke)  on  hoop  petticoats  and  crinoline,  374. 
Lincoln   cathedral  library,  349.   511.;  the    minstrels' 

galleiy,  35. 
Lingard  (Dr.),  reviews  of  his  Works,  469. 
Linley  (Mrs.),  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence's  sketch  of,  69. 
Lion,  an  inhabitant  of  Greece,  81.;  Italy,  241.;  Nor- 
thern Africa,  83. 
Lisburn,  inscription  on  an  old  house,  373. 
Litera3  Regia;,  495. 

Literary  taste  of  different  countries,  430. 
Liverpool,  its  derivation,  110.  198.  239.  257.  540. 
Livet  (C),  "  La  Grammaire  Fran9aise,"  340. 
L.  (J.)  on  a  5IS.  question  in  Erasmus'  Paraphrase,  70. 
L.  (J.  C.  G.)  on  bibliographical  queries,  128. 
L.  (J.  E.)  on  the  "  Slave  Ship,"  a  song,  480. 
L.  (J.  IJ.)  on  "An  Austrian  Army,"  &c.,  460. 

Surplice  worn  on  Good. Friday,  415. 

Scott  (Sir  Walter),  "  Death  of  the  Fox,"  461. 
\\.  on  Napoleon's  escape  from  Elba,  533. 
L.  (L.  B.)  on  the  meaning  of  "IlLques,"  179. 
Lloyd  (George)  on  Burton's  Anatomy  of  Melancholy, 
226. 

Epitaph  on  a  dog,  373. 

Graveyards  in  Ireland,  539. 

Hallow  e'en:  the  Wren  Song,  209. 

Horses  trembling  at  a  camel,  354. 

Last  wolf  in  Scotland,  169. 

Witchcraft  in  churning,  504. 
Lloyd  (Wm.),  Bishop  of  Norwich,  233. 
Lloyd  (Wm.),  Bishop  of  Worcester,  233.  " 
L.  (M.)  on  "  Le  Bas  Bleu,"  197. 

Humphreys,  soi-disant  Earl  of  Stii-ling,  387. 

Mary  Queen  of  Scots,  handle  of  her  coffin,  472. 
"  Load  of  Mischief,"  an  inn  sign,  496. 
Lobster,  a  nickname  for  soldier,  252. 
Lobster,  receipt  for  joasting  one,  226. 
Lockwood  (John  de),  Esq.,  169. 
Loftus  (fourth  Viscount),  212. 
Logan  (W.  H.)  on  Jones'  "  Attempts  in  Verse,"  57. 

Jlayor's  salary  at  Bcrwick-on-Tweed,  59. 

Stocks  at  Berwick -on-Twccd,  59. 
Logan  (Wm.  Hugh),  literary  wciks,  197.* 


INDEX. 


561 


Lomax,  or  Loin;is  family,  origin  of  name,  415.  478. 
Lomax  (P.)  on  "  The  Watchman,"  .i  poem,  353, 
Lomax  (T.  G.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Jlartyrs,  535. 
London  antiquities  in  King  Henry'ri  Yard,  146. 
London  Bridge,  the  Old,  list  of  inhabitants,  142. 
London  localities,  .'incient,  28.  158.  406. 
London,  strangers  in,  1563  and  1571,  447. 
London  streets,  how  to  be  cleansed,  105. 
London  views  and  perspectives  in  1558,  292.  331. 
London  (Wm.),  "  Catalogue  of  Vendible  Books,"  105. 

183. 
Long  (C.  E.)  on  arrows  of  Harrow,  35. 
Long  (George),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Long  (Sir  Kichard),  temp.  Henry  VIIL,  38.  56. 
Longevity,  remarkable  cases,  23.  53.  97.  379. 
Lopez  de  Vega,  translator  of  his  "  Romeo  and  Juliet," 

496. 
Lord's  Prayer  quoted  from  Jewish  works,  453.  522. 
Louis  XV.^  his  penmanship,  268.  297.  387. 
Lovat  (Lord),  letters  to  the  Covintess  of  Seaforlh,  445.; 

conduct  at  the  invasion  in  1719,  463. 
Lower  (Mark  Antony)   on  Boydell's  Shakspearc  Gal- 
lery, 457. 

Lomax  or  Lomas  family,  415. 

Lord  Harry  and  a  toucher,  433. 

JIunro,  or  Monro,  origin  of  name,  415. 
Lowne  (E.  Y.)  on  rubbings  of  brasses,  &c.,  292. 
L.  (IJ.  E.)  on  ocean  table  telegraphs,  200. 

St.  Lcger  sweepstakes,  276. 
L.  (S.)  on  peel  towers,  504. 
L.  (T.  S.)  on  Bunyan's  burial-place,  400. 
L.  (U.)  on  Pope's  unpublished  letters,  466. 
Lucas  (Dr.  Charles)  noticed,  212. 
Lucas  (Rev.  Dr.),  defence  of  Bp.  Hurd,  416. 
Luck  (R.),  Master  of  Barnstaple  School,  145. 
Lucky  stones,  267. 

Lufkin  (Rev.  Richard),  his  longevity,  53.  77. 
Luttrell  (Col.)  and  Henry  Flood,  102. 
Luther  (Martin),  represented  with  a  swan,  240.  277. 

298.  515. 
Luther  and  Wesley,  their  style,  119. 
L.  (W.  P.)  on  spoon  inscription,  512. 
Lynching  by  women  in  1429,  326. 
Lyster  family,  69. 
Lytton  (Lady  Bulwer)  on  Lady  Culross's  dream,  247. 


II. 


M.  on  battens,  its  etymology,  249. 

"  Chickens  feed  Capons,"  its  characters,  226. 

Marriage  law  of  England,  328. 
M.  (1.)  on  sale  of  a  man  and  his  progeny,  360. 

Thurneisser  and  Turner,  39. 
M.  (4.)  on  Duke  of  Bolton,  355. 

IJuchess  of  Bolton,  442. 

Maude  (Thomas),  407. 
M.  (^Edinburgh')  on  Jlemoirs  of  Sir  Robert  Peel,  179. 
M.  (A.)  on  Brecon  collegiate  church,  28.  60. 

Bishopric  of  St.  David,  52. 

Poole  family,  250. 

Poole  (Rev.  Sir  Henry),  400. 
M.  (A.  B.)  on  Swiss  maps,  199. 
Macartney  (George  Lord),  211. 
Macaulay  (Lord),  his  "  prodigal  Nabob,"  399. 


MacCabe  (\V.  B.)  on  Legends  of  Normandy  and  Brit« 
tany,  278. 
!  Sale  of  a  man  and  his  progeny,  361. 

j  Wren  song,  253. 

Mac  Guicken  (James),  barrister,  282.  341. 
\  Machine  hexameters,  511. 
Mackenzie  (Dr.  Skelton)  and  Dr.  Maginn,  1 69.  235. 
258. 
;  Mackintosh  (Sir  James),  his  speech  on  Reform,  51.  114. 

JIaclean  (John)  on  two  kings  of  Brentford,  362. 
;  Oliver  St.  John,  386. 

I  Roe  (Sir  Thomas),  correspondence,  351. 

Wesley's  Hymns  with  Tunes,  453. 
I  Wolf  in  Scotland,  the  last,  296. 

j  Maclellan  (Henry),  dr.amatist,  512, 

Mac  Nally  (Leonard),  a  pensioned  spy,  281.  341. 
\  Jlac  Queen  of  Pall-a'Chrocain,  402. 
Macray  (J.)  on  Rev.  Peter  Cunningham,  212. 
Faust  Legends,  their  original,  191. 
"  Foreign  Quarterly  Review,"  contributors  to,  124. 
French  Academy,  94. 
French  records  destroyed,  528. 
Horn  and  Reraenhlld,  318. 
Mackenzie  (Dr.  Skelton),  258. 
Marat  at  Edinburgh,  158. 
Normandy  and  Brittany  legends,  278. 
Shukspeare  and  English  lexicography,  528. 
"  The  style  is  the  man  himself,"  37.  98. 
Magal  on  "  Albion  Magazine,"  187. 
Maginn  (Dr.  Wm.)  and  Harrison  Ainsworth,  169.  235. 
Magnet,  early  notice  of,  536. 
Magyar  Exile  on  Milzena's  dog,  364. 
Verses  of  grotesque  shapes,  385, 
Maiden,  or  clothes'  horse,  483. 
Maidenston  Hill,  near  Greenwich,  379. 
M.  (A.  L.)  on  Framingham  Pigot  church,  428. 
Malabar  Jews,  232.  41$.  521. 
Malone  (Rt.  Hon.  Anthony),  211. 
Malton  Abbey,  views  of,  328, 
Man,  his  antiquity  on  the  earth,  414. 
Manning  (Thomas),  Suffragan  of  Ipswich,  225.  296. 

316.  336. 
Mansel  (H.  S.)  on  epigram,  "  Sunt  monachi  nequam," 

308. 
Mantua,  the  Sepulchre  of  the  Holy  Blood,  29. 
Mantua  (Duke  of),  chambers  for  his  dwarfs,  109. 
Mapes  (^\'alter),  his  diinking-song,  185.  220. 
Marat  (Jean  Paul)  in.Edinburgh,'"52.  93.  158.  256. 
March  hares,  their  madness,  514. 
Mareshall  (Will,  de  la  Grace),  origin  of  the  name,  290. 
Markland  (J.  H.)  on  Conybeare's  "  Lectures,"  90. 
Marlborough  (Sarah  Jennings,  Duchess  of),  her  arro- 
gance, 215.;  birth-place,  330.  407. 
Marlowe  (Chr.),  "  Come  live  with  me,"&c.,  285. 
Marriage  announcements  in  periodicals,  396. 
Marriage  customs,  186.  239.  443. 
Marriage  law  of  England,  328. 
Marriage  licences,  special,  57. 
Marriage  proverb,  329. 
JIarrying  under  the  gallows,  364. 
Marshall  (E.)  on  Shakspeare  and  the  Homilies,  28-1. 
Marshall  (Mrs.  Jane),  authoress,  11. 
Marshall  (Wm.),  engraver,  431.  522. 
Martin's  (St.)  day  and  goose-eating,  243. 
Martinus  de  Temperantia,  1490,  128. 
Marvell  (Andrew),  letter  to  John  Milton,  47.  90. 


562 


INDEX. 


Mary,  the  Blessed  Virgin,  prayer  to,  495. 
JIary,  Queen  of  Scots,  imprisonments,  248.  388. ;  her 
secretary,  267.   316.;    execution,  324.;  cushion   on 
which  she  knelt,  363.;  handle  of  her  coffin,  472. 
Masham  (Lady).    See  Abigail  Hill. 
JIasson  (Gustave)  on  monthly  feuilleton  of  French  books, 
159.  338. 
Nostradamus  on  "Cinq  Mars,"  78. 
"  Masterly  inactivity,"  origin  of  the  phrase,  225. 
Mathematical  bibliography,  465. 
Matrimony,  determined  pursuer  of,  25. 
Matsys  (Quintin),  "  The  Misers,"  469. 
Matthews  (Wm.)  on  birth  of  the  Pretender,  233. 
Harry  Sophister,  239. 
Scotch  genealogies,  256. 
Maude  (Tlfomas),  minor  poet,  291.  407. 
Mauleverer  (John),  problem  in  rhyme,  372. 
Maunsell  (Andrew),  his  Catalogue,  236. 
Maurice  (St.),  churches  dedicated  to  him,  353. 
Maurus  (Rabanus),  Abp.  of  Mentz,  385. 
Mauve,  the  fashionable  colour,  267. 
May  (Baptist),  noticed,  188. 
May  (Sir  Humphrey),  family,  1 88. 
May  (S.  J.)  on  Washington  letter,  289. 
May-drink,  or  mai-trank,  35. 
Mayne  (Jasper),  sonnet  attributed  to  him,  345. 
Mayor  (J.  E.  B.)  on  Abdias  Ashton,  361. 
Book  of  Sports,  456. 
Burgersdicius  (Francis),  384. 
Burnet's  Life  of  Bp.  Bedell,  301. 
Hildersham  (Arthur  and  Samuel),  474. 
Honey  wood  (Michael),  439. 
Irson  (Thomas),  531. 
Kennett's  History  of  England,  343. 
Neile  (Bp.),  letter  to  Dr.  Gwyn,  287. 
Eosenfeldians  and  Mormonites,  246. 
Mayoress  of  York,  the  prefix  "  L^dy,"  396. 
Mayor's  salaries,  59. 
Mazena's  dog,  inquired  after,  291.  364. 
M.  (C.)  on  De  Foe's  descendants.  51. 
Md.  (J.)  on  Eev.  P.  Rosenhagen's  writings,  10. 
Meals  of  Merse  farm  servants,  489. 
Medland  (Samuel),  his  singular  advertisement,  530. 
Medlicot  (Richard)  of  St.  Peter's  College,  Cambridge, 

167.  199. 
Medmenham  monks,  351. 
Meletes  on  Ferrers  family,  147. 
Melford  earldom,  when  forfeited,  88. 
Melrose  (Henry)  on  Peel  towers,  503. 
Melvill  (Eliz.),  her  "  Godly  Dream,"  247.  311. 
Mence  or  Mense  family,  117. 
Mence  (Rev.  Francis)  of  Wapping,  470.  503. 
Menigoute,  seal  of  the  church  of,  311.  361. 
Mennes  (Capt.  John),  noticed,  437. 
Menyanthes  on  Kirk  Session  records,  325. 

Landel  (Wm.),  Bishop  of  St.  Andrews,  434. 
Meals  of  Merse  farm  servants,  489. 
Ridpath  (Rev.  Philip),  227. 
Merchant  Taylors'  School,  probation  lists,  45.  167.  322. 
Merton  (Ambrose)  on  Christmas  folk  lore,  486. 
Metacom  on  difference  iu  heraldry,  354.  ^'^^^ 
Legerdemain,  works  on,  379. 
Pratt  (Ephraim),  363. 
Metcalf  of  Searby,  co.  Lincoln,  267. 
Methodist  revivals,  circa  1810,  88. 
5Iewburn  (Fra.)  on  Micliaelmas  goose,  243. 


M.  (G.  W.)  on  bell-ringers,  433. 

Clergyman's  crest,  451. 

Epitaph  at  Thurlton,  373. 

Marshall  (Wm.),  engraver,  431. 

Ridley  Hall,  Chester,  434. 
M.  (G.  W.  W.)  on  ancient  keys,  537. 

Fresco  in  Westminster  Abbey,  33. 

Rings,  their  uses  and  mottoes,  523. 

Shakspeare,  Sherlock,  and  Sterne,  286. 
Michael  (St.),  Mount  off  Cornwall,  111. ;   off  Brittany, 

111.  154. 
Michaelmas-day  goose  eating,  243.  277.  299. ;  its  ori- 
gin, 488. ' 
Michelet  (M.)  on  English  literature,  26. 
Miles  on  Vulture  Hopkins,  208. 
Miles  (Rev.  Dr.)  of  Tooting,  41. 
Military  funerals,  538. 

Mill,  a  merry  question  on  the  burning  of  one,  288. 
Mill  (John)  and  Hastings'  trial,  132.  158. 
Miller  (Dr.  George),  "  Lectures  on   the  Greek    Lan- 
guage," 50. 
Milton  church,  Berks,  sun-dial  inscription,  374. 
Milton  (John),  composition  for  the  Powell  estates,  142. ; 
epigram  on  Queen  Christina,  290.  389.  ;  Latin  poem 
against  him,  227.  272. ;  Marvell's  letter  to  him,  47. 
90.  134. ;  Sonnet  attributed  to  him,  344. 
Minced  pies  and  the  Puritans,  488. 
Minerva  library,  demolition  of  the  premises,  68. 
Minshew  (John),  the  lexicographer,  269. 
Minstrels'  gallery  in  cathedrals,  35. 
Mitford  church,  Northumberland,  348.  435. 
Mitre,  archbishop's,  issuing  from  a  ducal  coronet,  248. 
M.  (J.)  Edinburgh,  on  charter  of  Alexander  II.,  246. 

Anderson  (James),  liis  papers,  457.  475. 

Wilson  (Florence),  John  Ogilvie,  &c.,  203. 
M.  (J.),  Oxford,  on  Sliakspeare  and  Chaucer,  284. 
M.  2.  (J.)  on  James  Moore,  235. 

Shakspeare's  house  at  Stratford,  264. 
M.  (J.  C.)  on  a  prisoner's  arraignment,  501. 
M.  (J.  H.)  on  Steme  and  IMedmenham  monks,  350. 
M.  (»L)  on  Molly  Mog,  84.  129. 
Mock  disputations,  191. 
Mohatra,  Barata,  and  Stoco,  69.  133. 
Moldwarps,  its  etymology,  98.  135. 
Molly  Mog  of  the  Rose  Inn,  84.  129.  145.  172. 
Moly,  a  plant,  417. 
Money,  paper,  used  in  China,  537. 
Monney  (Wm.),  dramatic  writer,  399. 
Monro  (Col.)  of  Fowles,  and  the  Rebellion  of  1715,  409. 
Monson  (Lord)  on  Pyne  and  Poulet,  276. 
Montgomery  (Robert),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Montrose  (James  Graham,  Marquis  of),  poem  by,  440. 
Monumental    brasses,   their   preservation,    107.    136.  ; 

since  1688,  478. 
Moody  (Rev.  Benj.)  of  Oakingham,  173. 
Moore's  Almanack,  predicts  the  fall  of  Selim  III.,  356. 
Jloore  (James),  worm-powder  seller,  235. 
Moore  (James),  secretary  to  Gov.  Blake,  195. 
Morbodffius,  work  on  gems,  401. 
More  (Mary),  artist  and  poetess,  497. 
Morgan  (Prof.  A.  De)  on  arithmetical  notation,  460. 

Bocardo  a  prison,  270. 

Book-markers,  301. 

Burgersdicius  (Francis),  327. 

Exhibition  of  1851,  its  committee,  223. 

Hypatia,  277. 


INDEX. 


563 


Morgan  (Prof.  A.  De)  on  problem  in  rhyme,  372. 

Sundry  replies,  190. 

Synonymes,  224. 
Morgan  (Sir  Anthony),  his  knighthood,  383. 
I\Ionnonites  and  Rosenfeldians,  246. 
Morten  (.J.  G.)  on  Cromwell's  children,  17.  135. 

Cromwell  and  Scotland,  70. 

Hewett  (Dr.  John),  456. 

"  Portrait  of  a  true  Gentleman,"  503. 
Morton  (Thomas),  "  A  Koland  for  an  Oliver,"  1 30. 
Morton  Court,  Worcestershire,  228.  294.  357.  437. 
^loscow,  the  great  bell  of,  306.  442.  536. 
Motet :  tenor,  their  etymology,  489. 
Motto  :  "His  calcabo  gartos,"  110.  156.  389. 
Mottoes  of  opposite  sentiments,  432. 
Moult  (Francis),  chemist,  131. 
Mowbray  coheirs,  217. ;  family,  309. 
M.  (S.  R.)  on  the  Four  Indian  Kings,  454. 
JI.  (T.)  on  Switzerland  route  map,  90. 
Mulcaster  (Richard),  noticed,  219. 
Mummy  of  a  JIanchester  lady,  147. 
Munchausen's  frozen  horn,  412. 
Munro,  or  lilonro,  origin  of  name,  415. 
Manro  (Miss  Dolly),  212. 

Murdoch  (John),  his  "  Pictures  of  the  Heart,"  432. 
Murphy  (Dr.),  R.  C.  Bishop  of  Cork,  his  MSS.,  169. 
Mussulman's  view  of  England,  47. 
M.  (W.)  on  Letters  of  Cranmer  and  Osiander,  87. 
M.  (W.  E.)  on  "  ilud  as  a  March  hare,"  514. 
:M.  (W.  T.)  on  patron  saints,  list  of,  141. 

"  Perhaps  it  was  right  to  dissemble  your  love,"  37. 
ilyddelton  (Mrs.),  portraits,  377.  423. 
Myers  (G.  A.)  on  All  Fools'  Day  and  Tote,  282. 

Quotation  :  "  True  patriots  they,"  283. 
31.  (Y.  S.)  on  aide-de-camp  to  Lord  Primate,  &c.,  378. 

Baalun,  John  de,  26. 

Books  burnt  in  Ireland,  364. 

Bramhall  (Abp.),  his  arms,  259. 

Chandler  (Bp.  Edward),  his  arms,  14. 

Family  professions,  266. 

Graham  and  Newton  families,  27. 

Irish  Registry  Acts,  298. 

James  II.'s  Army  List,  9. 

Kentish  fire,  278. 

Lambert  and  Geering  families,  10. 

Leigh  family,  258. 

Louis  XV.,  his  penmanship,  268.  387. 

Lyster  family,  69. 

Marriage  special  licences,  57. 

Medland  (Sam.),  his  singular  advertisement,  530. 

Palliser  (Abp.),  his  wife,  55. 

Pratt  (Ephraim),  his  longevity,  11. 

Proverbial  expression,  288. 

Randolph  (Thomas),  Master  of  the  Ports,  12. 

Sacheverell  (Francis),  Esq.,  51. 

Scire  Facias  Club,  268. 

Transmission  through  few  links,  388. 

Urban,  as  a  Christian  name,  11. 

Vigor  (Simon),  Abp.  of  Narbonne,  271. 

Waiburton  (Bartholomew  Elliott),  49. 

N. 

Naked-Boy  Court,  538. 

Nanfan  (Sir  Richard)  of  Morton  Court,  228.  294.  357. 

Napoleon.     See  Bonaparte. 


Nash,  .Jun.,  on  Irish  pedigrees,  378. 
"  Natural,"  or  legitimate,  190. 
Nautical  heraldry,  269. 
Navy  of  England  200  years  ago,  68. 
Negro  slaves  sold  in  England,  58. 
Neile  (Richard),  Bishop  of  Durham,  letter  recommend- 
ing Buckingham  to  be  Chancellor  of  Cambridge,  287. 
Nelson  (Horatio  Lord),  his  car,  380.  538. 
Nelson  (Robert),  his  family,  135. 
Nemo  on  lateen  sails,  38. 

Tutenag  metal,  38. 
"  Ness,"  as  a  local  termination,  388. 
Neviuson  (Christopher  and  Stephen),  149. 
Newcome  (Abp.),  MS.  Memoir  of,  310. 
News  Letters,  manuscript,  450. 
New  Testament,   by  Copland,   1550,  208.  279.  ;    in 

modern  Greek,  371. 
Newton  (Sir  Isaac),  birth-placo,  185. 
Newtons  of  Drogheda,  27. 
N.  (G.)  on  book  inscriptions,  319. 

Boyd  (Zachary),  230. 

British  anthropophagi,  36.  73. 

Celebration  of  a  birth,  144. 

Dun  (Rev.  John),  his  Sermons,  23. 

Heath's  Sale  Catalogue  of  books,  401. 

Leighton  (Abp.),  "Works,"  150. 

Patron  saints,  299. 

Willie,  WiUie  Wastle,  132. 

Witchcraft  in  churning,  67. 
N.  1.  (G.)  on  Belvoir  Castle,  471. 
N.  (H.)  on  Napoleon's  escape  from  Elba,  382. 
NichoUs  (John),  grant  to,  in  1682,  251. 
Nichols  (John  Gough)  on  abbreviated  names  of  counties, 
277. 

Boreman's  Gigantick  Histories,  450. 

Epitaph  of  Dean  Nowell,  374. 

Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  221.  472. 

Manuscript  News  Letters,  450. 

Nanfan  (Sir  Richard)  and  Card.  Wolsey,  357. 

Prayer  setting  forth  an  expedition,  108. 

St.  Stephen's  Day  customs,  484. 

"  Signa  "  of  Battel  Abbey,  16. 
Nicholson  (Thomas)  on  Stratford  family,  376. 
Nicknames  on  members  of  parliament,  511. 
Nicolson  (Dr.  Wm.),  Abp.  of  Cashel,  MS.  Diaiy,  413. ; 

on  the  demand  for  elegant  synonymes,  224. 
Nicolson  (Dr.  Joseph),  Chancellor  of  Lincoln,  414. 
Nine  worthies,  their  names,  71.  137. 
Nithsdale  (Lord),  his  escape,  337. 
Nix  on  Dr.  Dodd's  biography,  449. 

Misprint  in  7th  Commandment,  330. 

Mrs.  Myddelton's  portrait,  423. 
N.  (J.)  on  marriage  customs,  186. 

Song:  "  Come  form  we  round  a  cheerful  ring,"  177- 
N.  (J.  B.)  on  death  of  Pascal  Paoli's  son,  502. 
N.  (J.  G.)  on  Clarendon  House,  400. 

Extract  from  Blake's  Common-place  Book,  465. 

Gray's  copy  of  Strype's  Stowe,  416. 

Gwillim's  Heraldry,  Cromwellian  edition,  17. 
N.  (J.  M.)  on  old  proverb,  37. 
N.  (L.  M.)  on  curved  form  of  old  inclosures,  19. 

Vergubretus,  &c.,  17. 
Noah's  Ark  cloud,  484. 

Noble  (J.)  on  Gen.  Wolfe  at  Quebec,  163.  346.  370. 
Xockit,  a  luncheon,  489. 
Nodway  money  explained,  532. 


564 


INDEX. 


Nonjuroi-s  and  Jacobites,  work  relating  to,  227. 

Nore,  mutiny  at,  in  1797,  131. 

Norfolk  and  Hereford  (Dukes  of),  tlieir  combat,  327. 

Norham  church,  Northumberland,  348. 

Normandy,  legends  of,  227.  278. 

Norris,  family  monuments  at  Witton,  286. 

Norris  (Kev.  John)  of  Bemerton,  his  "  Miscellanies,"  508. 

North  (Thomas)  on  catch-cope  bells,  36. 

Combat  between  Dukes  of  Norfolk  and  Hereford, 
327. 

Frog,  a  symbol,  249. 

Mowbray  family,  309. 

St.  Martin's,  Leicester,  dedication  of  church,  437. 
Northamptonshire  story  of  two  farmers,  485. 
Northesk  (Earl  of),  his  epitaph,  495. 
Northumbrian  notes,  348.  435. 
Norton  family  of  Norton  Conyers,  249.  337.  388. 
Norwich  diocesan  registers,  202. 
Nostradamus,  "  Cinq  Mars,"  50.  78. 
Nottmgham  authors,  editors,  and  printers,  245. 
Notsa  on  Anne  Pole,  295. 

Prisoner's  arraignment,  414. 
Nowell  (Dean),  his  epitaph,  374.  423. 
N.  (T.  V.)  on  Abp.  Cromer's  family,  12.  389. 

Reviews  of  Lingard's  England,  469. 
Nugaj  by  Lady  Hamilton  and  Charles  James  Fox,  186. 
Numbers,  names  of,  and  the  hand,  529. 
N.  (W.  H.)  on  John  Baynes,  269. 
N.  (X.)  on  county  voter's  qualification,  70. 


0. 


Oak  bedsteads  and  furniture,  38. 

Oak-leaves,  punishment  for  wearing,  156.  217. 

O'C.  on  Debrett's  Peerage,  errore  in,  86. 

Dundalk  accommodation,  88. 

Howe  (Geo.  Augustus,  Viscount),  86. 

Melford  earldom,  83. 
O'Callaghan  (E.  B.)  on  Journal  of  Earl  of  Bellomont, 
169. 

British  officers  at  New  York,  17 11,  413. 
O'Connell  (Dan.),  impromptu  by,  430. 
O'Driscol  (Sir.),  noticed,  416. 

Oflfor  (George)  on  symbolical  meaning  of  cloven  foot, 
309. 

Bunyan's  Pilgrim's  Progress  and  tlie  Pilgrimage  of 
the  Soul,  321. 

Coverdale's  Bible,  1553,  208. 

De  Guileville's  Pilgrimage  of  the  Soul,  322. 

Grosseteste's  "  Castle  of  Love,"  416. 

Henry  VIIL  .and  Nine  Worthies,  71. 

Nonjurors  and  Jacobites,  227. 

Psalm  xcv.  10.:  "  h  ligno,"  516. 

Wiclif's  Testament,  1731,  209. 
Ogilvie  (John),  parson  of  Cruden,  203. 
Oglethorpe  (Sir  Theophilus)  and  the  Pi'etender,  51.  96. 
0.  (J.)  on  Jisop's  Fables,  414. 

Boyd's  (Zachary)  productions,  10. 

Dorrington   (Tlieop.),   "  The   Excellent  Woman," 
505, 

Ker  (Kob.)  and  the  fashions  of  1719,  45. 

Lady  Culros's  Dream,  311. 

"  Night,"  a  poem,  1 1.  538. 

Simon  Sabba,  translator  of  Don  Carlos,  399. 
"  Olio,  or  Anythingarian  Miscellany,"  89. 


Oracles  in  opposition,  351. 

Ord  (J.  Walker),  his  death,  531. 

Orde  (J.  P.)  on  hammer-cloth,  407. 

Orleans  Gallery,  its  sale,  240. 

Orthographical  peculiarities,  129.  176. 

Osmunda  regalis,  116. 

Othobon's  Constitutions  quoted,  532. 

0.  (T.  R.)  on  the  Rebellion  of  1715,  409.  445.  463. 

Oughton  (Sir  James  Adolphus),  18. 

Oulton  (Walley  Chamberlain),  his  death,  433. 

Ovr IS  on  Lett  family,  451. 

Owen  (H.)  on  Chatterton  manuscript,  50.  194.  317. 

Owen  (Nicholas),  suicide  of,  250. 

Owenson  (Mr.),  the  actor,  415.  521. 

0.  (W.  J.)  on  Dyche's  Dictionary,  by  W.  Pardon,  249. 

Oxen's  twelfth  cake,  488. 

Oxenbridge  (Rev.  John),  noticed,  48. 

Oxford  Halls  named  from  Jews,  144. 

Oxfordshire  proverb,  8. 

Oxoniensis  on  Colonel  Brett,  416. 

Epigram  to  a  female  cup-bearer,  292. 

Fenton  (Lavinia),  Duchess  of  Bolton,  291. 

Maude  (Thomas),  minor  poet,  291. 

Poole  family,  389. 

Shawl  at  Leybourn,  248. 

Texts  from  the  Apocrypha,  309. 
Ozmond  on  quotation:  "  Nomina  si  nescis,"  &c.  179. 

Sing  si  dederim,  171. 


P.  on  Halls  of  Greatford,  39. 

Willett  (Mr.),  picture  purchaser,  308. 
Paget  (Arthur)  on  Shakspeare's  portrait,  284. 
Paget  (A.  T.)  on  cartulary  of  Buttele,  27. 
Painting  on  copper  in  a  book  cover,  454. 
Palliser  (Abp.),  his  wife,  55. 
Pandy  (Mungal),  the  rebel  sepoy,  89. 
Paoli  (Pascal),  death  of  his  son,  399.  502. 
Paper  water-marks,  77. 
Papier  moure,  its  ingredient,  377.  438. 
Paradise,  food  of,  202. 

Pardon  (Wm.),  editor  of  Dyche's  Dictionary,  249. 
Parke  (John),  American  poet,  209. 
Parkinson  (John),  the  herbalist,  495. 
"  Parliament  of  Pimlico,"  89.  155. 
Parliamentary  member  nominated  by  a  bishop,  48. 
Parr  (Dr.  Samuel)  and  minced  pies,  488. 
Passport  granted  by  Queen  Anne,  117.;  origm  of,  541. 
Paston,  Norfolk,  its  altar-tomb,  379. 
Paternoster  (Richard)  on  Dr.-  Jfohnson's  chair,  68. 
Patrick  (Bp.  Symon),  inedited  letter,  66.  99. 
Patrick  (St.),  his  ridges,  89.  194. 
Patroclus  and  the  Fleet  Ditch,  129. 
Patron  saints,  list  of,  141.  214.  299. 
Pattison  (S.  R.)  on  Celtic  remains  in  Jamaica,  24. 
Pattison  (T.  H.)  on  Northumbrian  notes,  348. 
Paulett  (Sir  Arayas)  and  Sir  Drue  Drury,  324. 
Paul's  (St.),  stones  of  the  old  cathedral,  306. 
Payne  (James),  bookseller,  122. 
Payne  (J.  B.)  on  Richard  Harliston,  513. 
Payton  (Wm.  Shakspeare)  of  Stratford-on-Avon,  292. 

440. 
P.  (E.  A.)  on  Editha  Pope,  1 68. 
Peacock  (Edw.)  on  books  burned  and  whipped,  1 68. 


INDEX. 


565 


Peacock  (Ed  w.)  on  heraldic  drawings  and  engravings,  523. 
Newton  (Sir  Isaac),  birth-place,  185. 
Kegistration  without  baptism,  523. 
Rustic  superstition,  319. 
Woodruffe  (Samuel),  452. 
Pearce  (Sir  Edward  Lovett),  architect,  28. 
Pearce  (Lieut.-Gen.  Thomas),  noticed,  226. 
Pearson  (J.  N.)  and  Abp.  Leigh  ton's  Works,  42.  61. 

150.  507.  526. 
Peat  (John)  on  Shakspeare's  Latinity,  285. 
Pedigrees,  Irish,  missing,  378. 
Peel  (Sir  Robert),  biographical  notices  of,  146.  179. 
Peel  towers,  378.  503. 
Peg  tankard,  its  date,  78. 
Pegge  (Dr.  Samuel),  his  plausible  signature,  ^30. ;  his 

poetical  MSS.,  146. 
Pellisson-Fontanier  (Paul),  his  Works,  339. 
Pensionary  in  Holland,  270. 
Pepys  (Richard),  noticed,  46.  77. 
Pepys  (Sam.),  prayer  in  his  Diary,  433.  537. 
Percival  (Sir  John),  his  knighthood,  383. 
Perthensis  (J.  A.)  on  Alexander  Gordon,  279. 

"  Bonnie  Dundee,"  441. 
Petrarch  and  Lord  Falkland,  185. 
Petty  (Sir  Wm.),  his  MS.  Letters,  130. 
Pews,  history  of,  204.  277. 
P.  (F.  H.)  on  shadows  tracing  ideas,  307. 
P.  (G.  R.)  on  Hedon  borough  seal,  523. 
P.  (G.  W.)  on  Malabar  Jews,  521. 
P.  (G.  W.  S.)  on  seven  dates  vacant,  309. 
P.  (H.)  on  Mr.  Willett  and  the  Orleans  pictures,  337. 
P.  (H.  E.)  on  game  of  squaring,  58. 
*.  on  Rev.  Richard  Lufkin's  longevity,  53. 

Prediction  in  Moore's  Almanack,  356. 

Scott  (Rev.  John  Robert),  190. 
Philipps  (Sir  John),  MS.  Diary  quoted,  397. 
Phillips  (E.),  "  New  World  of  Words,"  532. 
Phillips  (J.  P.)  on  beai'ded  women,  247. 

Jacobite  manuscripts,  307. 

Planet  showers,  206. 

Rowley  (Sir  William),  his  will,  468*- 

Slaves  in  England,  397. 

Uuburied  ambassadors,  500. 
Phillips  the  Harlequin,  162. 
Phillips  (Wm.),  the  Merry  Andrew,  161. 
Phillipson  (P.)  on  Henry  IV.  of  France,  46. 

St.  Dominic  and  the  Inquisition,  117. 
Philo-Turpin  on  Dr.  Maginnand  Mr.  Ainsworth,  169. 
Philologus  on  Dr.  Latham's  theory  of  languages,  134. 

Philology :  — 

Baccare,  used  by  Shakspeare,  527. 

Battens,  249.  300.  319. 

Bever,  or  Beaver,  a  refreshment,  270; 

Cantankerous,  188. 

Cess-here,  9.  58.  195. 

Cracknells,  a  brittle  cake,  293. 

Cricket,  a  small  stool,  293. 

Ducdkme  in  Shakspeare,  284. 

Eclympasteire,  444. 

Fap,  or  sap,  in  Shakspeare,  285.  528. 

Fausens,  a  fish,  130.  177. 

Gallimawfry  in  Shakspeare,  285.  528. 

Hayne,  a  local  termination,  171.  237.  299. 

Moldwarps,  98.  135. 

Pishty,  9.  58.  195. 


Philology :  — 

Qualitied,  130.  177. 

Shim,  169.  196. 

Very,  its  etymon,  113.  200.  257. 

Walpurgis,  270.  425. 

Phipps  (John),  dramatist,  415. 

Photograph  .series  of  portraits,  524. 

Piesse  (Soptimus)  on  Family  Herald  essayists,  196. 

Glow-worm  light,  227. 
Pilgrim's  signs,  16. 
Pindar,  the  vow  of  the  poet,  266. 
Pinks  ( W.  J.)  on  Queen  Anne's  churches,  1 6. 

Bacon  (Lord),  his  death,  354. 

Badge  of  poverty,  184. 

Bear  hunt  on  the  Thames,  148. 

Burnet  (Rev.  Gilbert),  89. 

Clerkenwell  incumbents,  100. 

Grave-diggers,  .39.  118. 

Hammjr-cloth,  439. 

Hockley  in  th'  Hole,  a  ballad,  414. 

Knights  made  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  158. 

Lynching  by  women  in  1429,  326. 

JIarrying  under  the  gallows,  364. 

Novel  race  by  animals,  168. 

Pole  (Francis)  of  Derbyshire,  451. 

Red  ribbon  of  the  Order  of  Bath,  168. 

Smoking  anecdote,  135. 

Wrotham  parish,  its  extent,  71. 
Pinnock  (Wm.),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Pipe,  a  slang  word,  490. 
Pishty,  a  provincialism,  9.  58.  195. 
Pitt  (William)  and  the  forged  assignats,  314. 
P.  (J.)  on  frogs  in  Ireland,  452. 

Lightning  and  fish,  469. 

Names  of  numbers  and  the  hand,  529. 

Triforium,  its  derivation,  521. 
P.  (J.  A.)  on  hour-glass  in  churches,  488. 

Scotch  clergy  deprived  at  the  Revolution,  329. 
Plague  of  London,  relics  of,  288. 
Planet  showers,  206. 

Platonis  Opera,  1578,  its  measurement,  310.  365. 
Playford  (John),  his  birth-place  and  descendants,  415. 
Plays,  Dictionary  of  old  English,  467. ;  dates  of  early, 

416. 
Pliny's  chapter  on  gems  and  precious  stones,  401. 
Ploughs  vulgarly  called  waggons,  431.  504.  522. 
Plowden  (Pilgrim),  author  of  "  Farrago,"  469. 
Plowden  (Sir  Edmund),  his  "  Commentaries,"  454. 
P.  (M.)  on  Abdias  Ashton,  336. 

Rev.  Peter  Cunningham,  259. 
Pn.  (J.  A.)  on  arms  assumed  at  Agincourt,  399. 

Bugle,  an  animal,  423. 

Greig  family  arms,  252. 

Heraldic  query,  28. 

Knights  created  by  Oliver  Cromwell,  18. 

Louis  XV.  and  Stirling  peerage,  297. 

Paoli  (Pascal),  death  of  his  son,  502. 

Stirling  peerage,  434. 

Super-altars  in  churches,  337. 

Tote,  its  meanings,  443. 

York  Lady  Mayoress,  396. 
Pocock  (Nicii.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  335. 

Manning  (Thomas),  suffragan  bishop,  336. 
Pococke  (Bp.),  "  Tour  through  Ireland,"  109. 
Poer  (Heniy  Lord)  noticed,  378.  518. 


566 


INDEX. 


Poets  laureate,  137. 

Pole  (Anne),  niece  of  tlie  Cardinal,  170.  259. 

Pole  (Francis),  of  Park  Hall,  Derbyshire,  451.  521. 

Pollock  (John),  Dublin  solicitor,  his  malpractices,  341. 

Polydamus,  his  exploits,  82. 

Polytheism,  its  revival,  187. 

Pompeii,  encaustic  paintings  at,  89.  138. 

Ponsonby  (John),  Speaker  of  Irish  Commons,  212. 

Poole  family,  250.  389. 

Poole  (Rev.  Sir  Henry),  noticed,  400. 

Pope  (.John),  gentleman,  378.  441. 

Pope  of  Rome,  origin  of  changing  his  name,  293. 

Popiana:  — 

"  Molly  Mog,"  its  authorship,  173. 

Jloore  (James),  235. 

Pope's  chair  at  Audley  End,  106. 

Pope  (Editha)  of  Crosby  Magna,  Wilts,  168. 

Relics  at  Wokingham,  85. 

Eidpath  and  Roper,  their  deaths,  182. 

Smythe  (James  Moore),  195.  235. 

Unpublished  letters,  466. 

Porson  (Prof.)  on  the  French  invasion,  493. 
Portioner,  an  old  law  term,  398.  424. 
Portrait  at  Brickwall,  Northiam,  12. 
"  Portrait  of  a  true  gentleman,"  397.  503. 
Poulett  (Sir  Anthony),  burial-place,  479. 
Poulett  (John  Lord)  and  Hugh  Pyne,  223.  276. 
Poverty,  badg6  of,  illustrated,  184. 
Powell,  the  puppet-showman,  1 62. 
Powells  of  Forest  Hill  and  Jlilton,  142. 
Power  (Henry  Lord),  ob.  1742,  378.  51». 
Power  (Richard),  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  212. 
Powlet  (Lord)  and  Father  Pyne,  223.  276. 
Prague,  phantoms  at  the  battle  of,  171.  421. 
Pratt  (Ephraim),  his  longevity,  11.  137.  363. 
Prayer-book  clapping  on  Good  Friday,  19.  32. 
Prayer  for  an  expedition,  temp.  Elizabeth,  108. 
P.  (R.  B.)  on  Bartliolomew-Cokes,  187. 

"  Ram  Alley,  or  Merrie  Tricks,"  188. 
"  Precedency  of  the  Peers  of  Ireland,"  398.  537. 
Pregnant  women  pardoned,  29.  79. 
Prescott  (W.  H.),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Presentany  explained,  113. 
Preston  (John),  D.D.,  Master  of  Emmanuel  College, 

110. 
Pretender.     See  James  Francis  Edward  Stuart. 
Price  (Cormell)  on  Syr  Tryamoure,  297. 
Price  (Wm.  Andrew),  Governor  of  Surat,  379.  521. 
Priestley  (Dr.  Joseph)  and  Marat,  256. 
Print,  an  old,  425. 
Printers'  proofs,  corrected,  187. 
Printing  practised  in  China,  537. 
Printing-press  that  worked  Jlilton's  Areopagitica,  69. 
Printing-presses,  provincial,  468. 
Prisoner's  arraignment,  414.  501. 
Prisoners'  basket  carrier,  24. 
Problem  in  rhyme,  372. 
Propliecies,  prohibition  of,  64. 
Prophecy  respecting  France  by  Bp.  Ageda,  226. 
Protestant  refugees  in  1563  and  1571,  447. 

Proverbs  and  Phrases ; 

Box — "  In  the  wrong  box,"  413. 
Clerical  error,  532. 
Cocking  an  eye,  417.  461. 


Proverlis  and  Phrases  :  — 

Cutting  one's  stick,  413.  478. 

Devil-may-care,  310. 

Drat'em,  Oddrot'em,  413. 

Dundalk  accommodation,  88. 

Early  thunder,  late  hunger,  36. 

Familiarity  breeds  contempt,  530. 

Harry-Sophister,  86. 

If  that  you  will  France  win,  37. 

Liberavi  animam  meam,  108.  157.  406.  438. 

Mad  as  a  March  hare,  514. 

Marriage  proverb,  329. 

Jlayor  of  Market-Jew  standing  in  his  own  light, 

451. 
"  Jly  eye  and  Tommy,"  491. 
Pull  garlick,  229.  444. 
Scraping  an  acquaintance,  71.  136. 
Send  verdingales  to  Broad  Gates  in  Oxford,  8. 
Sing  si  dederim,  171. 

Style  is  the  man  himself,  37.  54.  98.  111.  191. 
This  day  eight  days,  531. 
Top:  To  sleep  like  a  top,  53.  97. 
Whitsunday  fellow,  288. 

Proverbs  found  in  Sir   Samuel   Sleigh's  pocket-book, 

350. 
Proverbs  of  the  seventeenth  century,  6.  22. 
Proverbs  w^orth  preserving,  202. 
Provincialisms,  9.  169.  483. 
Prussian  iron  medal,  470. 
Pryce  (Geo.)  on  Somersetshire  poets,  363. 
Pryme  (C.  De  la)  on  Cataloguers,  396. 
Psalm  xcv.  10.:    "  Dominus  regnavit  h,  ligno,"  470. 

516. 
P.  (T.  W.)  on  works  by  Bps.  Gunning  and  Gauden, 

400. 
Publishing  before  the  invention  of  printing,  11.  58. 
Puppy-pie  ate  under  Marlow  Bridge,  496. 
Purgatory,  society  for  assurance  against,  186. 
Puritans  and  minced  pies,  488. 
Purkess,  or  Purkis  family,  377. 
P.  (W.)  on  Denham  Buildings,  Whitehall,  167. 

Giant  at  Rotherhithe,  204. 

Gift  of  children,  temp.  Henry  VIII.,  531. 

Henry  VI.,  burial-place,  531. 

London  views  in  1558,  292. 

Spenser  queries,  417. 
P.  (W.  P.)  on  "  Gcstes  of  Guarine,"  147. 

Heraldic  query,  364. 

Publishing  before  the  invention  of  printing,  11. 

Verstegan's  "  Restitution,"  4. 
Pyne  (Father)  and  Lord  Powlet,  223.2  76. 
Pyne  (Hugh)  and  John  Lord  Poulett,  223.  276. 
Pynson  (Richard),  tracts  printed  by  him,  44.  263. 


Q. 


Q.  on  Codex  Alexandrinus,  259. 

Hammer-cloth,  539. 

Hauffs  Othello,  English  translation,  89. 
Q.  (G.  T.)  on  John  Gay's  poetical  pieces,  145. 
Q.  (P).  on  Dr.  James  Scott,  338. 

Edw.  Underbill,  the  hot  gospeller,  187. 
Q.  (P.  P.)  on  provincialisms,  9.  169. 
Q.  (R.  S.)  on  bearded  women,  333. 


INDEX. 


567 


Q.  (B.  S.)  on  Catalogue  of  Shalcsperiana,  56. 

Minerva  library  premises,  68. 

Weapon-salve,  237.' 
*'  Qualitied,"  as  used  by  Cbapm.nn,  ISO.  177. 
Quamby  (Sir  Hugh)  of  Yorkshire,  169. 
Quarles  (Francis),  "Divine  Poems,"  1706,356. 
(Quarterly  Keviews,  writers  in,  145. 
Quassatio  on  Cudworth's  unpublished  MSS.,  531. 
Qucenborougb  Castle,  Isle  of  Sheppy,  308. 
Queenhithe,  stew  in  St.  Martin's,  399. 
"  Quentin  Bely :  Jlonveg:  Laale,"  535. 
Quincy,  L'Abbayc  de,  its  locality,  416. 

Quotations  :  — 

Dominus  regnavit  a  ligno,  470.  516. 

He  either  fears  his  fate  too  much,  327.  440. 

It  is  not  beautie  I  demande,  1 30. 

Life  is  before  ye!  109.  255. 

Perhaps  it  was  right  to  dissemble  your  love,  37. 

Why  eveiy  nation,  eveiy  clime,  28. 196. 

Years  roll  on  years  impatient  to  be  gone,  513. 

Q.  (V.  H.)  on  Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery,  40. 


B. 


I>.  on  Abdias  Asshcton,  461. 

Coals  first  used  in  England,  95. 

Dr.  John  Hewett-,  456. 

Lomax  or  Lomas,  478, 

Shannon  frigate,  204. 
E.  (A.  A.)  on  a  passage  in  Claudian,  495. 

Historical  narrative,  495. 

Law  and  poison,  130. 
E.  (A.  B.)  on  Eikon  Basilikc-,  444. 

I'oxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  334. 

Hill,  Harley,  Jennings'  pedigree,  57. 

Pliny's  chapter  on  gems  and  precious  stones,  401. 
IJabutin  (Roger  de),  "  Correspondence,"  160. 
Eiice  between  two  bulls,  four  cows,  and  a  calf,  168. 
Eadner  on  the  tobacco  controversy,  452. 
Eae  (Mr.)  on  the  Rebellion  of  1715,  409. 
Raikes  (Robert)  of  Gloucester,  400. 
Rainhill  on  Rev.  Francis  Mence,  470. 
Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  imprisonment,  107.;    presumed 

relic  of,  493. 
Ramsay  (Sir  Andrew),  knighthood  and  baronetcy,  114. 

382. 
Randolph  (Thomas),  Master  of  the  Ports,  12.  34. 
Rawson  (James)  on  the  contraction  "  i,"  423. 
R.  (D.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  534. 
B.  (E.)  on  Cornish  superstitions,  489. 
Read  (Dr.  James),  noticed,  70. 
Reading  House,  London,  38. 
Rebellion  of  1715,  historical  notices,  409.  445. 
Redmayne  (John),  D.D.,  46.  79. 
Redmond  (S.)  on  Bonaparte's  snuff-box,  48. 

Dublin  Lord  Mayor,  295. 

Irish  Junius,  166. 

Lord  Fane:  Count  de  Sallis,  186. 

Marriage  announcements,  396. 

Nicknames  on  members  of  parliament,  511. 

Regiment  all  of  one  name,  351. 

Wren  song,  254. 
Reed  (Charles)  on  impromptu  by  O'Connell,  43a 


Reeves  (John),  his  Hebrew  Psalms  and  Greek  Testa- 
ment, 432. 
Refugees,  Prote.stant,  in  1563  and  1571,  447. 
R.  (E.  G.)  on  Lieut.  Sparke's  signet  ring,  423. 

Scripture  local  names,  433. 
Regiment  all  of  one  name,  531.  538. 
Regis  (Dr.  Balthasar),  noticed,  39. 
Registers,  Indexes  to  episcopal,  202. 
Registration  without  baptism,  469. 
Registry  Acts,  Ireland,  298. 
Reid  (W.  W.)  on  reprint  of  folio  Shakspeare,  199. 
Remigius  on  publication  of  banns,  541. 
Remy  (Dom.),  "  La  Pucelle,"  248. 
Rent-charge  and  sen'ice  in  Yorkshire,  289. 
Respondens  on  quotation  from  Voltaire,  298. 
"  Retire,"  its  meaning  "  to  withdraw,"  44. 
Retz  (Cardinal  de),  "Memoires,"  159. 
Review,  designation  of  works  under,  117. 
Reynolds  (Sir  Joshua),  house  in  Leicester  Square,  128. 
R.  (F.  R.)  on  mummy  of  a  Manchester  lady,  1 47. 
Rheged  (Vryan)  on  glass  bells  for  cliurches,  328. 

Greek  word  noticed  by  Dean  Trench,  88. 

Othobon's  Constitutions,  532. 

Webster's  Dictionaiy,  531. 
Rhydderch,  cup  of,  306. 
Richmond  and  its  maids  of  honour,  375. 
Ridicule  and  grotesque  architecture,  274. 
Riding-coat:  Redingote,  49. 
"  Riding  round  the  Great  Oak,"  485. 
"  Riding  the  Franchises  "  at  Dublin,  207.  295. 
Ridley  Hall,  Chester,  434. 

Bidp.ith  (George)  of  the  Flying-Post,  his  death,  182. 
Ridpath  (Rev.  Philip)  of  Mutton,  227. 
Riley  (H.  T.)  on  Cadewoldes,  49. 

Curved  form  in  divisions  of  land,  32.  • 

Harpoys  et  fyssheponde,  49. 

London,  ancient  localities  near,  28. 

Nostradamus:  "  Cinq  Mars,"  78. 

Pretender  and  Sir  T.  Oglethorpe,  99. 
Rimbault  (Dr.  E.  F.)  on  unburicd  ambassadors,  443. 

Berdash,  a  neck  cloth,  453. 

Character  of  Mr.  Hastings,  197. 

Christmas  entertainments,  481. 

Drayton's  "  Poems,  Lyrick  and  Pastorall,"  75. 

Foxe's  Bock  of  Martyrs,  403. 

Gleanings  for  the  History  of  Bartholomew  Fair, 
161. 

Handel  at  Bristol,  210. 

Joseph  of  Exeter's  poem:  "  Antiochtis,"  327. 

Norton  fiimily,  388. 

Pope  (John),  gentleman,  441. 

"  Royal  Slave,"  423. 

Talma,  a  French  tragedian,  429. 

Vauxhall  paintings,  197. 

Williams  (Abp.),  play  performed  in  his  house,  477. 
Ring,  inscription  on  one  found  at  Widdington,  228. 
Ring,  jasper  runic,  248.  297. 
Ring  posies,  216.  466. 

Rings,  works  on  their  uses  and  mottoes,  329.  444.  523. 
Ringsend,  royal  chapel  of  St.  Matthew,  52. 
"  Rire  jaune,"  illustration  of  the  phrase,  218.  258. 
Rix  (Joseph)  on  bibliographical  queries,  208.  279. 

Cromwell  (0.),  titles  conferred  by,  195. 

Faber  ve7'Siis  Smith,  118. 

Fly-leaf  scribblings,  465. 

Heralds'  Visitations,  440.  '  ■  •  • ' 


568 


INDEX. 


Eix  (Joseph)  on  Horace,  immaculate  edition,  1744,  395 

Patrick's  ineditecl  letter,  99. 

Platonis  Opera,  1578.  310. 
R.  (J.)  on  bisbops  elect,  431. 

Blackstone's  Commentaries,  454. 

Coke's  Fourth  Institute,  452. 

Dallaway's  Constantinople,  187. 

Fynmore  (Wm.),  lawyer,  495. 

Fitzjames  (Captain),  451. 

Kirke  (Col.  Percy),  biography  of,  471. 

"  Precedency  of  the  Peers  of  Ireland."  398. 

Sheriff's  precedence,  471. 
B.  (M.  E.)  on  Sponge  or  Spanish  cakes,  326. 
R.  (M.  L.)  on  Scott's  lines  on  Woman,  288. 
E.  (M.  S.)  on  Capt.  Thomas  Endd,  496. 

Militaiy  funerals,  538. 
E.  (N.)  on  Robert  Nelson's  family,  135. 
R,  (N.  H.)  on  AUeyne  in  Susses,  39. 

Cromwell's  head,  158. 

Englishry  and  Irishry,  1 2. 

Horse  SubsecivsB,  its  author,  13. 

Knights  of  the  Eoyal  Oak,  52. 

Knights  of  Yorkshire,  51. 

Places  in  Surrey,  71. 

Thelusson  the  banker  at  Paris,  11. 
Roberts  (Betty),  her  longevity,  379. 
Robertson  (Lieut.-Col.  W.)  on  Captain  Cobb,  218. 
Robinson  (Biyan),  M.D.,  28. 
Robinson  (C.  J.)  on  Richard  Bernard,  402. 

Biographical  queries,  310. 

Bramhall  (Abp.),  his  arms,  338. 

Crossley  family  of  Shoreditch,  206. 

Evelyn  (John),  218. 

Family  vicissitude,  429. 
.      Gleane  (Sir  Peter),  218. 

Goulston  family,  298. 

Hawker,  its  derivation,  434. 

Jacob  (Sir  John),  Bart.,  206. 

Lennard  family,  430. 

Mulcaster  (Richard),  219. 

Probation  lists  of  ^Merchant  Taylors'  School,  45.  167. 
322. 

Registration  without  baptism,  469 

Eokeby  (Balph),  216. 

Eowe  (John),  M.P.,  206. 

Shirley  (Wm.),  dramatist,  432. 

Somersetshire  poets,  204.  258. 
Robinson  (Geo.)  on  Bobyll  and  the  Cai-dinal's  Hat,  326. 
Robson  (E.  C.)  on  forged  assignata,  314. 
Roche  (Peter  la),  his  passport,  117. 
Rochfort  (Col.),  his  trial,  9. 
Roe  (Sir  Thomas),  papers  and  correspondence,  351. 
Roffe  (Alfred)  on  Shakspeare  music,  285.  ' 

Rokeby  (Ralph)  of  Eokeby,  co.  York,  89.  216. 
Rome,  the  Seal  of  the  Fisherman,  376. 
Romford  proverb,  "  To  ride  to  Romford,"  &c.,  366. 
Romulus  and  Remus,  1. 
Ronquillo  (Don  Pedro),  his  burial  deferred,  377.  443. 

498. 
Rook,  slang  for  a  clergyman,  493. 
Roper  (Abel)  of  the  Post-Boy,  his  death,  182. 
Rosenfeldians  and  Mormonites,  246. 
Rosenhagen  (Rev.  Philip),  his  writings,  10. 
Ross  (Alex.),  "  Mel  Heliconium,'-  344. 
Ross  families,  397. 
"  Round  about  our  Coal  Fire,"  481. 


Rous  (Lady),  wife  of  Sir  Thomas  Rous,  171. 

Rowe  (John),  M.  P.  temp.  Elizabeth,  206. 

Rowley  family  professions,  266. 

Rowley  (Sir  Wm,).  his  will  set  aside,  468. 

Roxby  (Robert),  Newcastle  poet,  90. 

Royal  Oak  knights,  383. 

Royalist  on  Pyne  and  Poulet,  276. 

Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  relic  of,  493. 
E.  (Q.)  on  Countess  of  Stafford's  letters,  27. 
E.  (E.)  on  Cromwell's  baronets  and  knights,  114.  382. 
540. 

Cromwell's  I'emains,  375. 
E.  (S.)  on  Julius  Ca3sar's  despatch,  356. 
E.  (T.)  on  Metcalf  of  Searby,  co.  Lincoln,  267. 
R.  (V.)  on  Michaelmas  goose,  488. 

Peg  tankard  belonging  to  a  Pomeroy,  78. 
Rubens  (Sir  Peter  Paul),  noticed  in  a  docquet  book, 

410.  436. 
Rudd  (Capt.  Thomas),  h;s  death,  496. 
Rue  in  prisoners'  dock,  27. 
Euhnken's  "  Dictata  in  Terentium,"  170. 
Rupert  (Prince),  arms  and  crest,  418.  538. 
Russell  (Francis)  of  Chalfont  St.  Giles,  266. 
R.  (W.  H.)  on  Arthur  Hallam's  Literary  Remains,  397. 


S.  on  Calverley  family,  95. 

Chambers  for  Duke  of  Mantua's  dwarfs,  109. 
2.  on  Robert  Emmett's  rebellion,  11. 
S.  (A.)  on  speed  of  steamers,  290. 
Sacheverell  (Francis),  his  family,  51. 
Saddles,  side,  187.  238.  258.  407. 
Sainsbury  (W.  Noel)  on  artists'  quarrels  in  Charles  I.'s 
reign,  121. 

Rubens  (Sir  Peter  Paul),  436. 

York  House  in  the  Strand,  209. 
St.  Albans  (Charles  Beauclerk,  1st  Duke  of),  his  house 

at  Windsor,  355. 
St.  Andrew's  parish,  Dublin,  146. 
St.  Catherine  and  Hypatia,  148.  217. 
St.  David's,  return  of  its  livings,  52. 
St.  Dominic  and  the  Inquisition,  117.  135.  177. 
St.  Eufemia,  patron  of  the  eyes,  214. 
St.  George  of  England,  214. 
St.  John  the  Evangelist,  his  symbol,  111. 
St.  John  (Sir  Wm.),  temp.  James  I.,  431. 
St.  Leger  (Lady),  noticed,  212. 
St.  Leger  (Maj.-Gen.  John),  noticed,  225.  362. 
St.  Leger  sweepstakes,  the  founder,  225.  276.  362. 
St.  Lowe  (John),  noticed,  46.  99. 
St.  Patrick's  ridges,  89.  194. 

St.  Paul  and  the  authorship  of  the  Epistle  to  the  He- 
brews, 247.  315. 
SS.  Serge  and  Baccus,  seal  of  their  monastery,  415. 
St.  Stephen's  Day  customs,  484.  487. 
Saints'  days,  rhymes  on,  242. 
Saints,  list  of  patron,  141.  214.  299. 
Salis  (Count  de),  186.  237. 
Sallu  (Sllle.),  biography  of,  353. 
Sancte-bell,  four  examples,  540. 
Sanderson  (Eev.  A.  N.),  his  father,  355. 
Sandes  (William  Lord),  38. 
Sangraal,  Eomance  of,  304. 
"  Sanguis  Jesu  Christi,"  a  Mantuan  order,  29 


INDEX. 


569 


S.  (A.  P.)  on  Huss  and  Luflier,  277. 
Sardanapalus  and  Abp.  Leighton,  61.  US. 
Sarum  manuscript,  15th  cent.,  extracts  from,  464. 
Saturnalia  and  the  rites  of  rehgion,  274. 
S.  (G.)  on  GoulstoD  family,  250. 
Scala  Celi,  18. 

Scavenger's  daughter,  instrument  of  torture,  381.  424. 
S.  (C.  F.)  on  Eobert  Kaikes  of  Gloucester,  400. 
S.  (C.  H.)  on  a  case  of  longevity,  379. 
Schelmnffsky,  some  account  of,  431.  519.  . 
Scbben  (Martin),  print,  "  The  Holy  Family  with  a  but- 
terfly," 328. 
Schuyler,  a  Dutch  family,  290.  337. 
Scorning  the  Church,  451. 

Scotch  clergy  deprived  at  the  Kevclutjon,  329.  390.  538. 
Scotch  genealogies,  109.  256.  317- 
Scotch  Kirk,  paraphrases  used  in,  77. 
"  Scotch  Presbyterian  Eloquence  Displayed,"  504. 
Scott  (Dr.  James),  noticed,  338. 
Scott  (Rev.  Dr.  John  Robert),  noticed,  190.  218.  338. 
Scott  (Sir  Walter),  descendanti^,  27.  :  lines  on   "  The 
Death  of  the  Fox,"  415.  461.  ;  lines  on  "Woman," 
288.  ;  "  Marmion,"  chorus  "  E!eu  loro,"  292.  ;  illus- 
trated edition  of  liis  Novels  suggested,  393. 
Scotus  on  Book  of  Sports,  414. 

Williams  (Abp.)  and  theatrical  exhibitions,  401. 
Scripture  local  names,  works  on,  433. 
Scutch  mills  in  Ireland,  88.  138. 
S.  (D.)  on  Earl  of  Clarendon's  burial,  354. 

Lord  Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports,  364. 

Nugaj  by  Lady  Hamilton  and  Ch.  James  Fox,  186. 

Seven  dates  wanted,  406. 

Stratford  family,  477. 
Sea  breaches  on  Norfolk  coast,  468. 
Seaforth  (Frances  Countess  of),  noticed,  409.  ;  letters, 

445. 
Seal  of  the  church  of  Mcnigoute,  311.  361. 
Seals  :  the  Pope's  of  the  Fisherman,  376.;   Hedon  in 

Yorkshire,  376.  523.;  B  rough  ton  barony,  376.  438. 
Seasons,  memoranda  concerning,  530. 
Sea-weed,  its  uses,  85. 
Sedan  chairs  in  Dublin,  tax  on,  185. 
Sedgwick  (D.)  on  Rev.  Thomas  Harrison,  139. 
S.  (E.  J.)  on  Cooke  of  Gidea  Hall,  352. 
Selim  UL,  Turkish  sultan,  his  fall  and  death,  356. 
"  Sending  Jack  after  Yes,"  484. 
Senex  on  Charles  Dibdin's  song,  172. 

Serfdom  in  England,  361. 

Super-altars  in  churches,  337. 

Talbot  (Sir  Humfrey),  414. 
Serfdom  :  sale  of  a  man  and  his  progeny,  278.  360. 
Service-silver,  a  tax,  354. 
Seton  (Sir  Alex.)  of  Pitmedden,  246. 
"  Sex,"  as  a  local  termination,  311. 
Seymour  (F.)  on  Anna  Liffey,  311. 
S.  (F.)  on  Cantankerous,  188. 

Gibber's  Apology  noticed  by  Fielding,  268. 
S.  (F.  R.)  Dublin,  on  bell-metal,  300. 

Michaelmas  goose-eating,  299. 

Wren  song,  407. 
S.  (G.  L.)  on  Major  Duncanson  and  Glencoe  massacre, 
193. 

Sir  James  Adolphus  Oughton,  18. 
S.  (H- )  on  aerostation,  291. 

De  Foe's  descendants,  197. 
Shadows,  an  illustration  in  Bewick's  ^!sop,  307. 


Shflftoe  (Frances),  Narrative  of  the  Pretender,  51. 

Shaksperiana:  — 

As  You  Like  It,  Act  II.  Sc.  5.:  "Ducdkme,"  284. 

Catalogue  of  works  relating  to  him,  4.  56. 

Hamlet  queries,  267.  285. 

Measure  for  Measure,  Act  III.  So.  2. :  "  How  may 
likene.«s,  made  in  crimes,"  527. 

Merry  Wives  of  Windsor,  Act  I.  Sc.  I.:  "The 
gentleman  being/«p,"  285.  .528.;  Act  IL  Sc.  1.: 
"  He  loves  thy  gallimawfry,"  28.5.  528. 

Much  Ado  about  Nothing  ;  Act  Y.  Sc.  2. :  "  Put 
in  ih&pilces  with  a  knife,"  286. 

Plays  in  Welsh,  207.;  Reprint  in  1808  of  the  first 
folio,  199. 

Portraits,  284.  527. 

Shakspeare,  early  allusion  to,  285.;  on  the  Conti- 
nent, 284.;  descendant,  292.;  and  English  ]exi-_ 
cography,  528.;  his  Latinity,  285.;  music,  285. ; 
prologue  intended  to  have  been  spoken  in  aid  of 
the  restoration  of  his  house,  264,  265. 

Sonnets,  527. 

Taming  of  the  Shrew,  Act  II.  Sc.  1. :  Baccare,  527. 

Tempest,  Act  IV.  Sc.  1.:  The  troth-plight  and 
nuptial  ceremony,  141. 

Shakspeare's  CliiF,  origin  of  its  name,  379. 
Shannon  frigate,  broken  up,  204. 
Shaving  statute  in  Ireland,  1447,  266. 
Shawl  at  Leybourn,  248.  388. 
Sheen  on  Vertue's  draughts  and  drawings,  26.  156. 
Shelley  (Henry)  of  Barhamwick,  70.  116.  198. 
Sheridan  (Richard  Brinsley),  speeches  on  Warren  Hast- 
ings' trial,  131.  259.  536. 
SheriflTs  precedence,  471. 
Sheriffs  of  London  and  tenure  services,  264. 
Shield  (John),  Newcastle  poet,  90. 
"  Shim,"  its  derivation,  169.  196. 
Shipp  (Wm.)  on  Nodway  money,  532. 
Shirley  (Wm.),  dramatist,  432. 
Shorthouse  (Dr.  J.  H.)  on  Dr.  Johnson's  chair,  363. 
Sickening  cake,  242. 

Sidney  as  a  feminine  Christian  name,  298. 
Sigma  on  Randolph  Fitz-Eustace's  "  Brides  of  Florence," 
11. 

Le  Bas  Bleu,  or  Fall  of  the  Leaf,  27. 

Marshall  (Mrs.  Jane),  authoress,  11. 

Smith  (iEneas),  factor  to  Earl  of  Moray,  495. 
"  Signa  "  of  Bat  tel  Abbey  ,16. 
Silver,  German,  its  origin,  13. 
Simmias  of  Rhodes,  his  versification,  385. 
Sinclair  (H.)  on  Shakspeare's  portrait,  527. 
Sinclar  (George),  professor  at  Glasgow,  67.  191. 
"  Sing^si  dederim,"  origin  of  the  saying,  171. 
Sion  College,  Elizabethan  poems  in,  49. 
S.  (J.)  on  Chapel  Scala  Celi,  18. 

Decanatus  Christianitatis,  415. 

Knowles  (Herbert),  79. 
S.  (Capt.  J.)  on  Luther  and  Huss,  298. 
S.  (J.  D.)  on  Cokam  House,  &c.,  238. 

Hayne,  as  a  local  termination,  237. 
Skelmufeky,  meaning  of  the  name,  431.  519. 
Sketchley  (R.  F.)  on  notes  to  Cotton's  "  Typographical 

Gazetteer,"  395. 
Skevington  (Sir  John),  his  instrument  of  torture,  381. 
Slang,  and  cant  words,  490. 
Slaves  sold  in  England,  58.  397. 


570 


INDEX. 


Sleigh  (Sir  Samuel),  proverbs  from  his  pocket-book, 

350. 
Slingsby  (Sir  Henry),  noticed,  99. 
S.  (M.)  on  "  Barataiiana,"  52. 
Smith  (jEneas),  factor  to  Earl  of  Moray,  495. 
Smith  (Henry),  lecturer  of  St.  Clement  Dane,  152. 254. 

330.  501: 
Smith  (H.  P.)  on  Henry  Smith's  Sermons,  501. 
Smith  (J.  T.),  visit  to  Bartholomew  Fair,  163. 
Smith  (Richard),  his  Sale  Catalogue,  87. 
Smith  versus  Faber,  87.  118.  157.  318. 
Smith  (W.  J.  B.)  on  Handel's  Hallelujah  Chon;s,  198. 

Inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  96. 

Shakspeare :  "  Pike  in  a  vice,"  286. 

Sun-dial  motto,  374. 
S.  (M.  N.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyi-s,  272. 

Skeletons  at  Cnma  with  wax  heads,  170. 

Vauxhall  paintings,  70. 
Smoking  anecdotes,  107.  138. 
Smythe  (James  Moore),  noticed,  195.  235. 
Sneyd  (Honora),  her  autograph,  432.  505. 
Soldiers  shot,  memorial  stone  of,  70.  156.  217. 
Somersetshire  poets,  204.  258.  319.  363. 

Songs  and  Ballads:  — 

Bonnie  Dundee,  148.  258.  363.  441. 

Christmas  merry  song,  481. 

Come  form  we  round  a;  cheerful  ring,  177. 

Death  of  the  Fox,  415.  461. 

Dibdin    (Charles),     "  The    Labourer's    Welcome 

Home,"  172. 
Hallow  e'en:  the  Wren  Song,  209. 253. 
Hockley  i'  the  Hole,  414.  537. 
I,  William  of  the  Wastle,  70. 132. 
John  Gilpin,  alias  Mr.  Beyer,  110. 
Lady  Culross's  dream,  247. 
Laird  of  Cockpen,  123. 
Molly  Mog,  84. 129.  145.  172. 
0  whar  got  ye  that  auld  crooked  penny,  148.  258. 

363.  441. 
■.  Sack  of  Baltimore,  415. 
"^Sir  John  Eland,  of  Eland,  169.  216. 
Slave  ship,  353.  480. 

Then  push  about  the  flowing  bowl,  128.  177. 
Wasp,  377. 

Willie  Wastle,  70.  132. 
Wren  Song,  209.  253.  407. 

Sophocles,  his  "  Clytaninestra,"  26. 

Sorbonne,  attack  on  the,  15. 

Sot's  Hole,  a  tavern,  250. 

Soul,  its  derivation  and  meaning,  250.  334. 

Sound,  its  travelling  experimentally  proved,  505. 

Southey  (Dr.  Robert),  birth-place,  363. 

S.  (P.)  on  "Essay  on  Taste,"  and  Faux,  470. 

Sparke  (Lieut.),  his  signet  ring,  423. 

Speech,  one  human  before  the  flood,  379.  538. 

Speed  D.  (J.)  on  death  warrants,  523. 

Spirit  of  the  Waters,  a  Norway  legend,  487. 

Sponge  or  Spanish  cakes,'  326. 

Spontoon,_a  light  battle-axe,  197.  424. 

Spoon  inscription,  512. 

Spoon-lifting  on  St.  Stephen's  Day,  484. 

Sport,  as  a  .slang  word,  492. 

Sprat  (Bishop),  retort  to  Duke  of  Buckingham,  504. 

Sprott  (Thomas),  "  Chronica,"  29. 

Squaring  the  circle,  a  game,  8.  58.  191.  291.  511. 


S.  (R.)  on  Fawnes  family,  136, 

Grotesque  in  churches,  236. 
S.  (R.  H.)  on  the  four  Indi  m  kings,  417. 
2  2.  on  Cotgrave's  Frendi-English  Dictionary,  453. 

Richmond  maids  of  lu  iiour,  375. 

Scott  (Rev.  Dr.  J.  If.),  218. 

Thomson  (James),  his  marriage.  424. 
S.  (S.  D.)  on  General  Thackwell,  439. 

Old  Boodleite,  443. 
S.  (S.  M.)  on  .proverbs,  &c.  of  the  17th  century,  6.  22. 
S.  (S.  S.)  on  Glynn's  "  Day  of  Judgment,"  196. 

Orthographical  peculiarities,  129. 

Toy,  its  old  meaning,  127. 
S.  (T.)  on  device  of  a  crown  as  a  ship,  110. 
Stafford  (Countess  of),  her  letters,  27. 
Stamford  Hill,  noticed,  28.  158.  406. 
Stamps,  Irish,  50. 

Standen  (Edward)  of  Arborfield,  85.  173. 
Stannard  (W.  J.),  early  booksellers'  catalogues,  236. 

Junius  authorship  settled,  68. 
Statist  on  death  wan-ants,  433. 
S.  (T.  E.)  on  Arthur  Hildcrbliam,  431. 

Lomax  or  Lomas,  478. 
Steamers,  their  speed,  290. 
Steele  (Sir  Richard),  his  former  wife,  206. 
Steinman  (G.  S.)  on  Mrs.  Mvddelton,  377. 
Steinmetz  (Andrew)  on  "  The  style  is  the  man  himself," 

54. 
Stephen  (King),  his  oak  near  Brigstock,  498. 
Stephens  (F.)  on  British  anthropophagi,  71. 
Stem  (Dr.),  suffragan  of  Dover,  302. 
Sterne  (Laurence),  not  a  Medmenham  monk,  350. 
Stewart  (Walking),  noticed,  247. 
S.  (T.  G.)  on  Lady  Culross's  dream,  313. 
Stirling  (James),  his  works,  147. 
Stirling  (John),  translator  of  Terence,  512. 
Stiriing  peerage,  268.  297.  387.  434. 
Stock  Exchange,  its  bull  and  bear,  79.  138.  200. 
Stocks  for  punishment,  remains  of,  59. 
Stoco,  its  etymology,  69.  133. 
Stone  (George),  Abp.  of  Armagh,  212. 
Stonehenge,  Brahminical  account  of,  69. 
Stones,  lucky,  267. 

Strangers  in  London  in  1563  and  1571,  447. 
Stratford  family,  376.  424.  477.  522. 
Stratford  (Dr.  Nicholas).  Bishop  of  Chester,  376.  477. 

.522. 
Strike,  an  ancient  one,  376. 
Stuart  (Charles  Edward),  grandson  of  James  IL,  liis 

letters,  307. 
Stuart  (James  Francis  Edward),  son  of  James  IL,  his 

legitimacy,  51.  99.  233. 
Stuart  (Ferdinand  Smyth),  his  family,  495. 
Stuckling,  an  apple  tart,  its  derivation,  483. 
Stuffynwood  on  Sir  William  Sutton,  26. 
S.  (T.  W.)  on  legends  of  Normandy  and  Brittany,  227. 
St.  (W.)  on  De  Foe's  descendants,  94. 

Pole  (Francis)  of  Derbyshire,  521. 
Style,  Old  and  New,  how  distinguished,  488. 
Sullacombe  (M.)  and  the  streets  of  London,  105. 
Sunday  observance,  te7»2i.  Charles  I.,  401.  477. 
Sun-dial  inscription,  Milton  church,  Berks,  374. 
Sun-dial  with  retrograding  shadow,  144.  438. 
Super-altars  in  cathedrals,  204.  255.  297.  337. 
Surplice  worn  on  Good  Friday,  415. 
Suthcriand  (Eari  of)  and  the  Rebellion  of  1715,  410. 


INDEX. 


571 


Sutton  (Sir  Win.),  epitaph,  26. 

S.  (W.)  on  prices  of  Bibles  in  17tli  century,  16. 

Borgliese  (the  Princess),  417. 
Swan  (Edward  B.),  Surveyor-General,  212. 
Swans,  names  to  distinguish  the  sex,  416.  524. 

Swiftiana :  — 

Goodwin  (Mrs.),  relationship  to  Swift,  269. 
Ridpath  and  Roper,  their  deaths,  182. 
Swift  and  the  authorship  of  "  Molly  Mog,"  174. 
Swift's  satire  upon  Lord  Cutts,  132. 
Swift's  visits  to  Wokingham,  85. 
"  Tale  of  a  Tub,"  its  authorship,  269.;  its  origin, 
290. 

Swift  (Thomas)  and  the  authorship  of  "  The  Tale  of  a 

Tub,"  269. 
Switzerland,  route  map  of,  90.  199. 
S.  (W.  N.)  on  Sir  John  Hart,  308. 
Symbolism  in  church  architecture,  274. 
Synonymes,  noticed  by  Bp.  Nicolson,  224. 
"  Syr  Tryamoure,"  obscure  passages  in,  225.  297.  359. 

474. 


T. 


T.  on  Henry  William  Bunbury,  71. 

Bruce  (Robert),  his  skull,  167. 

Highland  regiment  at  battle  of  Leipsic,  469. 

Laird  of  Cockpen:  Broase  and  Butter,  123. 

Stirling  (James),  his  Works,  147. 
T.  (1.)  on  death  of  Lord  Chatham,  513. 

Sir  Joshua  Reynolds's  House,  128. 
Talbot  (Sir  Humpfrey),  sheriff  of  Berks,  414. 
Talbot  (J.  G.)  on  Faber  verstis  Smith,  87. 
Talbot  (Thomas),  noticed,  148.  217. 
Talbot  monuments,  371. 
Tallboys  on  grinding  old  people  young,  327. 

Smith  families,  318. 
Talma,  French  tragedian,  429. 
Tamberlin  family,  171. 
Tankeroas,  its  derivation,  188. 
Tarqulnius  Superbus,  prodigy  of  his  downfal,  2. 
Taylor  (E.  S.)  on  "  Eikon-Basilike,"  500. 
Taylor  (Jlichael  Angelo),  noticed,  460. 
Taylor  (W.)   on  sun-dial  with   retrograding   shadow, 

144. 
Te  Deum  interpolated,  352. 
Tee-Bee  on  a  lover  of  matrimony,  "25. 

Mussulman's  view  of  England,  47. 
Teeth,  charm  for  cutting,  326. 
Telegraph,  electric,  foreshadowed,   503.;   ocean  cable, 

148.  200. 
Teniple  as  applied  to  Protestant  churches,  291. 
Temple  (H.  L.)  on  biographers  and  their  subjects,  451. 

Bishop  Sprat's  retort,  504. 
Temple  (Launcelot).    See  John  Armstrong. 
Ten,  its  etymology,  529. 
Ten  and  tenglars,  52.  98. 
Tenebra!  office  in  the  Roman  church,  32. 
Tenglars,  its  meaning,  52.  98. 

Tennent  (Sir  J.  Emerson)  on  "  cutting  one's  stick," 
478. 

Sardanapalus  and  Abp.  Leighton,  113. 

Wren  Song,  253. 
Tennyson  (Alfred),  story  of  his  "  Enid,"  131.  155. 
Tenor,  origin  of  the  word,  489. 


Tenure  services:  chopping   two   sticks,   and    counting 

horse-shoe  nails,  264. 
Terence's  Comedies,  translations,  512. 
Termed,  hunting  match  of,  427. 
Testament,  New,  in  modern  Greek,  371.;   by  Copland, 

1550,  208.  279. 
Texts  from  the  Apocrypha,  309.  443.;  from  different 

passages  of  Scripture,  309. 
T.  (F.  G.)  on  Wyngrerde's  Views  of  London,  332. 
T.  (G.  L.)  on  Major  G,  P.  Thomas,  415. 
Thames  bargees,  their  manifold  pilferings,  496. 
Thelusson  (Peter),  the  banker,  his  books,  11. 
Theocritus  and  Virgil,  239. 

T.  (H.  E.  P.)  on  Phillips's  New  World  of  Words,  532. 
Theta  on  "  The  Sack  of  Baltimore,"  415. 
Theta  (Sigma)  on  Highland  regiment  at  Leipsic,  537. 

Military  queries,  328. 

Scotch  episcopal  clergy,  390. 

Watson  family  of  Yorkshire,  10.  328. 
Thirkeld  (PuiV.  Wm.)  of  Durham,  451. 
Tliomas  (Major  Geo.  Powell),  his  ancestry,  415. 
Thomas  (W.  Moy)  on  Molly  Mog,  175. 
Thomasou  (G.  T.),  custom  in  his  "  Jlemories,"  1 70. 
Thompson  (Edward)  on  tower-crowned  arch,  129. 

Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  435. 

Northum.brian  notes,  435. 
Thompson  (Pishey),  on  Andrew;  Gaffman,  323. 

Actresses  ennobled  by  marriage,  336. 

Americiin  statesman's  library,  450. 

Literary  taste  of  different  countries,  430. 

JIarlborough  (Duchess  of),  birthplace,  330.  407. 

Minstrel's  gallery  in  Lincoln  Cathedral,  35. 

"  Ness,"  as  a  local  termination,  388. 

Tote,  its  meaning,  338. 

Weston  (Sir  Wm.  and  Sir  Richard),  336. 
Thorns  (W.  J.)  on  English  actors  in  Germany,  21. 
Thomson  (James),  iwet,  his  family,  50.  239.  424, 
"  Three  Kings  of  Colon,"  an  anthem,  431.  505. 
0.  (5.)  on  Dr.  James  Andereon,  169.  327. 

Duncanson  (JIajor),  and  massacre  of  Glenooe,  109. 

Lilac,  its  derivation,  109. 

Scotch  genealogies,  109. 

Smith  families,  318. 
Thunder,  winterly,  36. 
Thunder-stones,  92. 
Thurneisser  and  Turner,  39. 
Thwackwell  (Col.)  noticed,  310.  439. 
Tiber,  its  overflowings  in  1688,  450. 
Tick,  a  slang  word,  492. 
Tillotson   (Abp.),  quotation  in  his  Sermons,  69.  119. 

179. 
Tilly  (Counsellor),  noticed,  206. 
Timbs  (John)  on  "  cutting  one's  stick,"  413. 

Flower-pot  inn  sign,  497. 
Tisdale  (Philip),  Attorney-General,  212. 
Tite  (Wm.)  on  a  sonnet  attributed  to  Milton,  344. 
T.  (J.  E.)  on  an  almery,  251. 

"  John  Bull,"  as  a  national  sobriquet,  453. 
T.  (N.)  on  London's  Catalogue  of  Vendible  Books,  105. 
Tobacco  controversy  of  1858,  452. 
Tooth-ache  superstition,  484. 
Tophana  on  papier  nioure,  377. 
Torture  not  allowed  by  the  laws  of  England,  176.  217. 
Tote,  its  derivation,  282.  338.  443. 
"  Toucher,"  explained,  433. 
Tower  of  London,  residence  within,  69. 


572 


INDEX. 


Tower-crowned  arch,  129. 

Towns,  abbreviated  names  of,  219.  277.  299. 

Townsend  (Rev.  Meredith),  36. 

Townshend  (George  Viscount),  211. 

Towse  (Nicholas),  visited  by  an  apparition,  222. 

Toy,  its  old  meaning,  127. 

Translatore'  interpolations,  206. 

Treason,  execution  for,  149. 

Treasury,  memoi'ials  to,  65. 

Trees  and  flowers,  notes  on,  424. 

Trench  (Francis)  on  Lord  Bacon  on  Conversation,  108. 

Careless  writing  and  odd  result,  326. 

Carriage-boot,  317. 

Derivation  of  layman,  127. 

Dry  den's  recantation,  307. 

Jews  and  the  Oxford  Halls,  144. 

Oxfordshire  proverb,  8. 

Pindar  the  poet's  vow,  266. 

Prince  of  Wales  at  Oxford,  323. 
Trevelyan  (Sir  W.  C.)  on  Sir  Henry  Calveriey,  198. 

Tracts  by  Wynkyn  de  Worde  and  Pynson,  263. 
Tricolor  flag  of  France,  192.  218. 
Triforium,  its  derivation,  521. 
Troutbeck,  inn  sign  at,  96. 

T.  (T.  T.)  on  authorship  of  "  Tale  of  a  Tub,"  269.  290. 
Tun  glass,  110. 

Turenne  (Marshal),  story  of,  88. 
Tutenag  metal,  38.  78. 
Twelfth-day  vigil,  thirteen  fires  on,  488. 
T.  (W.  H.  W.)  on  the  word  "  end,"  522. 

Marehall  (William),  engraver,  522. 
Tyas  (Geo.)  on  rent-charge  and  service  in  Yorkshire, 

289. 
Typo  on  early  English  printing,  69. 
Tyrone  (Hugh  O'Neil),  earl  of,  motto,  389. 
Tywi  (Gwilym  Glan)  on  Old  Boodleite,  353. 


U. 


Ufford  church,  its  sacrilegious  desecration,  53. 
Ulphilas's  translation  of  the  New  Testament,  87.  118. 
Underbill  (Edw.),  the  "  Hot  Gospeller,"  187. 
Uneda  on  buying  a  Bible,  235. 

Clergy  support  in  Massachussetts,  127 

Coleman  (John)  and  the  Monster,  229. 

Fowling  and  matrimony,  144. 

"  Masterly  inactivity,"  origin  of  the  phrase,  225. 

Stewart  (Walking),  247. 

Thomson  (James),  the  poet,  239. 
University  hoods,  74.  191.  239. 
Unlucky  days,  429. 
'T7ro(rTa(rjs=understanding,  190. 
Urban,  as  a  Christian  name,  11.  76. 
Ussher   (Abp.),  new  edition  of  his  "  Britannicaniin 

Ecclesiarum  Antiquitates,"  29. 
Ussher  (Arthur)  of  Donny brook,  438. 
Ussher  (Sir  Wm.),  drowned  in  the  Dodder,  324.  438. 
U.  (U.  U.  U.)  on  Breeches  Bible,  356. 


V.  on  Davenant's  place  of  confinement,  28. 

Valeat  Quantum  on  Junius  and  Henry  Flood,  101.  189. 

Vales  of  Red  and  White  Horse,  39.  255. 


Vandniss  (General),  187. 

Van  Leweu  (John),  M.D.  noticed,  146. 

Vargas,  his  oath,  355. 

Vauxhall  paintings.  70.  197.;  punch,  &c.,  205. 

Vebna  on  Cromwell's  head,  218. 

Hearing  through  the  mouth,  136. 

Liberavi  animam  meam,  157. 

Scraping  an  acquaintance,  136. 
Venice,  mediajval  architecture  of,  108. 
Verax  on  archiepiscopal  mitre,  248. 
Verdingales,  or  farthingales,  8. 
Vergubretus,  its  etymology,  17. 
Verses  of  grotesque  shapes,  290.  385. 
Verstegan  (Richard),  his  parentage,  4. 
Vertue  (George),  draughts  of  ancient  statues,  26.  93. 

156.  364. 
Very,  the  etymon  of,  113.  200.  257. 
Vigor  (Simon),  Abp.  of  Narbonne,  271. 
Vilain  Quatorze,  origin  of  title,  466. 
Villenage,  18.  278.  360.  423. 
Villon  (Fi-ancis),  his  Works,  338. 
V— n  (H.  G.)  on  Sir  Charies  Bawdin,  148. 
Voltaire  (M.  F.  A.),  epitaph,   197.;    quotation  from, 

298. 
Voters  termed  smokers,  17. 
Vulture  in  Italy,  1.;  its  habits,  3. 


W. 


W.  on  Chatterton  manuscripts,  234. 

Winkley  family,  170. 
W.  1.  on  Society  fir  Assurance  against  Purgatory,  186. 
W.  (A.  H.)  on  Te  Deum  interpolated,  352. 
Waits  at  Christmas  tide,  486. 
Wales,  Princes  of,  residence  at  Oxford,  323. 
Walpurgis,  its  meaning  and  derivation,  270.  425. 
Warburton  (Bartholomew  Elliott),  noticed,  49. 
Ward  (Dr.  Nathaniel),  vicar  of  Staindrop,  46.  76. 
Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports  as  coroner,  310.  364. 
Warehouses,  bonded,  origin  of,  144. 
Washington  (Gen.),  letter  to  John  Custis,  289. 
"  Watchman,"  author  of  a  poem  on  the,  353. 
Water-marks  on  paper,  77. 
Watson  family  of  Yorkshire,  10.  76.  94.  119. 
Watson  of  Bilton  Park,  their  arms,  328. 
Watson  (Rev.  Geo.),  sermon,  "  Christ  the  Light  of  the 

Worid,"  396. 
Watts  (Dr.  Isaac),  his  orthodoxy,  190. 
Waverley  on  General  Thackwell,  439. 
W.  (B.)  on  Scottish  clergy  deprived  in  1689,  538. 
W.  (De)  on  Stratford  fiiinily,  424. 
W.  (E.)  on  Cambridge  costume,  74. 

Fuller's  sermon  on  Hen.  Danvers,  309. 
Weapon  salve,  190.  237. 
Weazel  formerly  confounded  with  the  cat,  261. 
Webster  (Dr.  Noah),  "  Dictionary,"  531. 
Weir  (Archibald),  on  occasional  forms  of  prayer,  147. 
Wellbank  on  folk  lore,  242. 
Wellington  (Arthur,  Duke  of),  ancestry,  186.;  address 

from  the  county  of  Dublin,  466. 
Wells  (Mr.),  dramatic  writer,  109. 
Welsh  judges,  378. 

W.  (E.  S.)  on  the  "  Three  Kings  of  Colon,"  431. 
Wesley  (Rev.  John),  his    birth-place,   514.;   Hymns, 

with  tunes,  453. 


IlfDEX. 


573 


Western  (Lieiit.  Joliii),  epitapb,  494. 

Westmacott   (CliaiJes   Molloy),   "  The   English  Spy," 

131. 
Westminster  Abbey,  fresco  in  the  liccted  rocan,  33.  5.5. 
Weston  (Sir  Eichard),  noticed,  336. 
Weston  (Tliomas),  epitaph  at  Flcx^ence,  373. 
Weston  (Sir  William),  noticed,  336. 
W.  (F.  G.)  on  Earl  of  Northesk's  epitaph,  495. 

Prince  Rupert's  arms,  538. 
W.  (H.)  on  Bocase  tree  in  Noithamptonshii'e,  498. 

Bulse,  its  meaning,  408.    . 

Inn  signs  by  eminent  artists,  96. 

Mold  warp,  its  etymology,  98. 

"  Pull  garlick,"  229.  257. 

Watson  of  Yorkshire,  ^4. 
AVhig,  singular  definition  of  the  woi-d,  413. 
White  (Dr.  John),  his  Works  in  Enstone  church,  533. 
White  (J.  D.)  on  Cashel  p-ogresses,  377. 
Whitelock  pedigree,  207. 
Whitsuntide  fellow,  288. 

Wiclif  (John),  "  Last  Age  of  the  Church,"  the  word 
"  elispirid,"  47 1 . ;  New  Testament,  by  Lewis,  208,; 
Testament  used  by  Dean  Trench,  452. 
Widbin,  or  dogwood,  its  derivation,  483. 
Widdington,  gold  ring  found  at,  228. 
Widow's  cap,  its  origin,  433. 
Wife-selling  at  Dudley,  258. 
WJghtman  (Gen.  J.),  lettei-  to  the  Countess  of  Seafortb, 

446. 
Wilkinson  (H.  E.)  on  Herbert  Knowles,  28. 

Oak-bedsteads  and  furniture,  38. 
Willett  (Mr.),  purchaser  of  Orleans  pictures,  308.  337. 

443.  520. 
Williams  (Abp.),  a  play  acted  in  his  house,  401.  477. 
Williams  (John)  on  carriage  boot,  407. 

"  Dominus  regnavit  h,  hgno,"  515. 

Manning  (Thomas),  suflragan,  296. 

Seal  of  Menigoutte  church,  361. 
WiUis  (Timothy),  ambassador  to  Muscovy,  310. 
Wilson  (Florence),  noticed,  203. 
Wilson  (Nicholas),  his  eighth  wife,  25. 
Wilson  (Prof.  John),  birth  and  death,  51.  118. 
Wilton  (Edward)  on  Sir  John  Danvers,  338. 
Wiltshire  Antiquities,  MS.  vol.  by  Aubrey,  467. 
Winchcombe  (John)  alias  Jack  of  Newbury,  304. 
Winchester  cathedral,  the  minstrels'  gallery,  35. 
Winchester  diocesan  registers,  202. 
Window  in  the  sense  of  blank,  470. 
Windsor,  Buiford  House  at,  355.;  spit  for  the  baron  of 

beef,  248.  336. 
Wink,  as  a  local  prefix,  70.  96. 
Winkley  family,  170. 
Winnington  (Sir  T.  E.)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Martyrs,  535. 

Talbot  monument,  371. 
Winsley  family,  353. 
Winstanley  (Wm.),  his  death,  531. 
"  Wirried  at  a  steack,"  27.  57.  239. 
Wise  (Dr.  Francis)  on  the  White  Horse,  255. 
Witchcraft  in  churning,  67.  504. ;  forbidden  by  Abp. 

Theodore,  196. 
Witches  wirried  at  a  stake,  27.  57.  239. 
Witt  (John  de),  spelling  of  his  name,  216. 
W.  (J.)  on  account  of  Innismurray,  170. 
W.  (J.)  {Bhininghavi)  on  Calcuith,  205. 
W.  (J.  F.)  on  Herbert  Knowles,  55. 

Norton  family,  337. 


W.  (J.  H.)  on  Nelson's  car,  538. 

Wyngrerde's  Views  of  London,  331. 
W.  (K.  F.)  on  derivation  of  "  Whig,"  413. 
W.  (L.)  on  Winsley  family,  353. 
W.  (L.  A.  B.)  on  Catalogue  of  Shakspeariana,  4. 
Wogan  (Wm.)  of  Ealing,  42.  507.  527. 
Wolf,  the  last  in  Scotland,  169.  296.  402. 
Wolfe  (Gen.  James),  journal  of  the  siege  of  Quebec, 

163.  346.  370. 
Wolsey  (Cardinal),  residence  at  Morton  Court,  228.  294. 

357.  437. 
Wonfor  (T.  W.)  on  "  Life  is  before  ye!  "  109. 

Osmunda  regalis,  116. 

Passport  granted  by  Queen  Anne,  117. 
Wood  (Key.  Matthew),  noticed,  250.  389. 
Wood  (Wm,),  author  of  "  The  Survey  of  Trade,"  188. 
Wood  (Wm.)  of  the  Drapier's  Letters,  188. 
Woodroof,  Asperula  odorata,  13.  35.  77. 
Woodroffe  (Richard)  of  Woolley,  69. 
WoodrufFe  (Samuel)  of  Gainsborough,  452. 
Woodville  (Eliz.),  portrait  at  Hampton  Court,  54. 
Woodville  family  maniages,  329. 
Woodward  (B.  B.)  on  abbreviated  names  of  counties, 
299. 

Heraldic  query,  11. 

Indexes  to  episcopal  registers,  202. 

Kentish  longtails,  539. 

Memoranda  concerning  the  seasons,  530. 

Minstrels'  gallery  in  Winchester  cathedral,  35. 

Pregnancy,  a  ground  of  reprieve,  79. 

Suffragan  bishop,  225.  316. 
Words  now  obsolete,  6.  22. 
Workard  (J.  J.  B.)  on  Devil-may-cai-e,  310. 

Mayor  of  JIarket-Jew,  451. 
Wotton  (Sir   Henry),  letter  to  the  Earl  of  Salisbuiy, 

302. 
W.  (P.  J.)  on  puppy-pie  and  Thames'  bargees,  496. 

"'The  Young  Travellers,"  178. 
W.  (R.)  on  John  Bunyan's  meeting-house,  110. 

Sanderson  (Rev.  A.  N.),  his  father,  355. 

Talbot  (Thomas),  148. 
W.  1.  (R.)  on  bulse,  its  meaning,  408. 
Wratislaw  (A.  H.)  on  Baron  Wratislaw's  captivity,  145. 
Wratislaw  (Baron),  captivity  in  Turkey,  145. 
Wren  song:  :gallow  e'en,  209.  253. 
Wright  (Edward)  of  Stretton,  13. 
Wright  (Sir  Geo.),  Fellow  of  St.  John's,  Osford,'310. 
Writers  bribed  to  silence,  415.  461. 
Writing,  careless,  and  its  odd  results,  326. 
Wrexham,  antiquities  at,  50. 
Wrotham  in  Kent,  extent  of  its  parish,  71. 
W.  (T.  E.)  on  Birtsmorton  Court,  538. 

Kendrick  family,  440. 

Wolsey  (Cardinal),  294. 
W.  (W.)  on  orthographical  peculiarities,  176. 

Game  of  squaring  the  circle,  8. 
W.  (W.  H.)  on  James  Anderson,  217. 

Sir  Richard  Steele's  first  wife,  206. 
W.  (W.  0.)  on  Bentivoglio  family,  130. 

Garnet  (Henry),  his  letter,  283. 

Gunpowder-plot  documents,  369. 

Hanged,  drawn,  and  quartered,  149. 

Judges'  black  cap,  130.  238. 

Owen  (Nicholas),  250. 

Popes  changing  their  names,  293."' 

Raleigh  (Sir  Walter),  imprisonment,'_107. 


^l^\t 


INDEX. 


W.  (W.  0.)  on  Shelley  and  Barliamwick,  70. 
Warden  of  the  Cinque  Ports,  310. 
Witt  (Johnde),  spelling  of  his  name,  216. 
Wylje  (Charles)  on  bull  and  bear  of  Stock  Exchange, 
138.  200. 
Boydell's  Shakspeare  Gallery,  457. 
Hoadly  (Dr.  John),  private  theatre,  149. 
Wymondham  bell  inscription,  389. 
Wyngrerde   (Antonio  Van  Den),   London  vievrs,  292. 

331. 
Wynkyn  de  Worde,  punches  iised  by  him,  69.;  rare 

tracts  by,  263. 
Wynyard  ghost  story,  14. 


X. 


X.  (^West  Derby)  on  Foxe's  Book  of  Jlartyrs,  272. 

"  Liberavi  animam  meam,"  438. 
X.  (2.)  on  British  and  American  authors,  51. 

English  translations  of"  Don  Quixote,"  71. 
H.  on  Rev.  Wm.  Cockinand  Lord  Erskine,  25. 

Cockade  in  servants'  h.ats,  37. 
X.  (X.A.)  on  Barnstaple;  Barum,  56. 


Yemen  on  a  Scottish  song,  148. 

Yeowell  (J.)  on  John  Lilly,  dramatist,  221 

"  JloUy  Mog,"  a  ballad,  172. 

Pope's  chair  at  Audley  End,  106. 

Roper  (Abel)  and  George  Ridpatb,  182. 
y.  (G._)  on  Ballop,  256. 

Livei"pool,  Cespoole,  Lerpoole,  257. 


Y.  (G.  D.)  on  Minshew  and  early  Dictionaries,  263. 
Y.  (J.^  on  Dr.  Brett's  autobiography,  248. 

Brownist  sect,  its  origin,  449. 

D'Avenant  fSir  Wm.),  confinement,  98. 

Fairchild  lecture,  480. 

Finsbury  Jail,  its  locality,  268. 

Moult  (Francis),  chemist,  131. 

Plague  of  London,  relics  of,  288. 

Shaving  statute  in  Ireland,  266. 
Ymovynydd  on  Col.  Johnes  of  Havod,  378. 

Welsh  judges,  378. 
Y.  (0.  D.)  on  Buchanan  pedigree,  277. 
York  House  in  the  Strand,  121.  195.  209. 
York  Lady  Mayoress,  396. 
Yorkshire,  inscription  in  a  manor-house,  353, 
Yorkshire  knights,  51. 
Yorkshire  worthies,  works  on,  207.  439. 
Young  (Dr.  Edward)  and  Voltaire,  134.  197. 
"  Young  Travellers,  or  a  Visit  to  Oxford,"  130.  178. 
Ysaaco  (Senor),  colloquv  with  Duque  de  Blasas,  133. 
Y.  (X.)  on  the  sign,  "the  Load  of  Mischief,"  496. 


Z.  on  anonymous  plays,  250. 

Witches  worried  at  a  stake,  57. 
Z.  (1.)  on  Rev.  Joseph  Grigg,  270. 
Z.  (A.)  on  American  dramatists,  250. 

Cranbrook  grammar  school,  249. 
Zinzan  family,  292.  479. 
Z.  (R.)  on  Ste  Ampoule,  381. 
Z.  z.  on  charm  for  cutting  teeth,  326. 

Cumberworth  (Thomas),  his  will,  .375. 

Heralds'  Visitations,  303. 

Woodville  (Elizabeth),  54. 


END   OF   THE   EIGHTH  VOLUME.  —  SECOND   SERIES. 


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