Nuytsia : bulletin of the Western Australian Herbarium

NUYTSIA

Volume 5 * Number 3
1986

WESTERN AUSTRALIAN HERBARIUM
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE

NUYTSIA

VOLUME 5 NUMBER 3
1986

WESTERN AUSTRALIAN HERBARIUM,
DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE,
SOUTH PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA

CONTENTS

Page

New taxa in Gonocarpus and Haloragis (Haloragaceae). By A.E. Orchard 327

Notes on the informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) and the
description of three new upland species from south-west Western Australia. By

M. I. H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper 341

New species and subspecies of the informal “Eucalyptus series Calycogonae ” Pryor
and Johnson (Eucalyptus series Aridae Blakely — Myrtaceae). By M.l.H.

Brooker 357

Eucalyptus ferriticola and E. pilharensis (Myrtaceae). two new species from the
Pilbara region of Western Australia. By M.l.H. Brooker and W.B. Edgecombe

373

Eucalyptus ceracea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophyUa (Myrtaceae), three new species

in the Kimberley Division of Western Australia. By M.l.H. Brooker and C.C.

Done 381

Five endangered new species of Myoporaceae from south-western Australia. By R.J.

Chinnock 39]

Bent leva, a new genus of Pittosporaceae from southern Western Australia. By E.M.

Bennett 401

Two new species of Wurmbea (Colchicaceae or Liliaceae s. lat.) from south western

Australia. By T.D. Macfarlane 407

Reinstatement and revision of Rinzia Schauer (Myrtaceae, Leptospermeae,

Baeckeinae). By Malcolm E. Trudgen 415

Baeckea tuberculata Trudgen, a new species of Myrtaceae (Leptospermeae,

Baeckeinae) from South Australia. By Malcolm E. Trudgen 441

Publication date of Nuytsia Volume 5 Number 2 444

Editorial Board

T.D. Macfarlane (Editor)
J.W. Green
N.G. Marchant
B.L. Rye

Editorial Assistant

J.W. Lee-Frampton

Western Australian Herbarium, George Street, South Perth,
Western Australia 6151

Nuytsia 5(3): 327-339 ( 1986)

327

New taxa in Gonocarpus and Haloragis (Haloragaceae)

A.E. Orchard

Tasmanian Herbarium, G.P.O. Box 252c, Hobart, Tasmania 7001

Abstract

Orchard, A.E. New taxa in Gonocarpus and Haloragis (Haloragaceae). Nuytsia 5(3):327-339( 1986). Five species of
of Gonocarpus and two subspecies of Haloragis are described as new. G. ephemerus, G. hispidus and G. ericifolius
are from southern Western Australia while G. effusus and G. urceolatus are from south-eastern Queensland.
Haloragis aculangula in Western Australia has been re-examined and a new' name H. acutangula f. stellata is
proposed to replace "H. acutangula f. occidentalis" which moves into the synonymy of H. digyna. The range
of H. prostrata is greatly extended, with new subspecies described from the Cook Islands (subsp. coquana) and
from Tuvalu (subsp. tuvaluensis).

Introduction

Work in progress towards an account of Haloragaceae for the “Flora of Australia” has
revealed several new species of Gonocarpus, based on collections made, for the most part,
after publication of my revision of the genus (Orchard 1975). They are described here in
greater detail than would be possible in the “Flora”, to make the names available for use
in the interim.

Gonocarpus ephemerus A.E. Orchard, sp. nov. (Figure 1)

Herba annua 8-15 cm alta; caules graciles, sparsim pilosi pilis patentibus 2-3-cellularibus
hyalinis 0.2-0.25 mm longis. Folia opposita (alterna ad basim inflorescentiae), petiolo 2-
3 mm longo; lamina ovata, 8-1 I mm longa, 4-7 mm lata, margine incrassato, hyalino,
serrato dentibus 8-12 parvis, sparsim pilosa ubi juvenia, glabrescentia. Bracteae lanceolatae
vel oblanceolatae, 1 .2-1.7 mm longae, 0.3-0. 7 mm latae, margine incrassato. integro.
Bracteolae membranaceae, orbiculares 0.2 mm diametro, in margine ciliato vel subdentato.
Flores pedicellis 0.5-0. 6 mm longis insidentes. Sepala 4. ovata. 0.5 mm longa, 0.45 mm
lata, margine incrassato. Petala 4, flava vel rubra, cucullata, carinata, 1.6 mm longa, 0.4
mm lata (carina ad marginem). Stamina 8, antheris anguste oblongis, 1.3 mm longis, 0.25
mm latis, non apiculatis. Styli 4, elavati, 0.2-0. 3 mm longi, stigmatibus capitatis, albis,
fimbriatis. Ovarium olivaceum, urceolatum, 0.9 mm longum, 0.8 mm diametro, 8-costatum
protruberationibus conicis ca 4 inter uterque par costatum ad basim. Fructus griseus vel
ligneus, urceolatus. 1.6 mm longus (sepala inclusa), 0.9 mm diametro in collo valde 8-
costatus, basi bulbosa infirme 8-costatus protruberationibus conicis 4 inter uterque par
costarum, glaber, vernicosus.

Typus: c. 45 km E of Millbillillie H/S on Barwidgie road. Western Australia, 26°39’S,
120°44’E, spinifex sand plain, 3 May 1978, L.A. Craven 5375 (holo: CANB 285596).

Annual herb 8-15 cm tall, branching at base; stems slender, sparsely pilose with spreading
2-3-celled transparent simple hairs 0.2-0.25 mm long. Leaves opposite (becoming alternate
at base of inflorescence), with petiole 2-3 mm long, ovate, lamina 8-1 1 mm long, 4-7 mm
wide, midrib prominent below, margin thickened, hyaline, with 8-12 small teeth, sparsely
pilose when young, becoming glabrous. Inflorescence spike-like with flowers borne singly

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

in the axils of alternate reduced leaves (bracts). Bracts green, lanceolate to oblanceolate,
1.2- 1.7 mm long, 0.3-0. 7 mm wide, margins entire, thickened. Bracteoles membranous,
orbicular, minute, 0.2 mm diarn., ciliate to subdentate on margins. Pedicels 0.5-0. 6 mm
long. Sepals 4, green, ovate. 0.5 mm long, 0.45 mm wide, margins thickened, glabrous.
Petals 4, yellow to red, hooded, keeled, clawed, 1 .6 mm long, 0.4 mm wide (keel to margin),
sparsely pilose on keel, becoming reflexed at anthesis. Stamens 8; filaments lengthening
to 0.6 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 1.3 mm long, 0.25 mm wide, non-apiculate. Styles
4, clavate, 0.2-0. 3 mm long; stigmas capitate, white, fimbriate. Ovary olive, urceolate, 0.9
mm long, 0.8 mm diam., 8-ribbed with about 4 conical protruberances between the pairs
of ribs in the lower (bulbous) part. Fruit silver-grey to yellow-brown, urceolate, 1.6 mm
long (inch sepals). 0.9 mm diam., strongly 8-ribbed on neck, weakly 8-ribbed on bulbous
part, with 4 conical protruberances between each pair of ribs in lower half, shiny, glabrous.

Distribution. Known only from the type from east of Wiluna in Western Australia.

Ecology. Growing on a spinifex ( Triodia ) sand plain, flowering and fruiting in May.

G. ephemerus is closely allied to G. pycnostachyus but differs in its glabrous fruits with
8 vertical rows of 4 tubercles instead of 2 transverse rows. There are also minor differences
in the sizes of the floral parts.

The specific epithet refers to the obviously short life span of this plant.

A.E. Orchard, Gonocarpus and Haloragis

Gonocarpus hispidus A.E. Orchard, sp. nov. (Figure 2A-E)

329

Fruticulus usque ad 16 cm ahum; caules erecti vel ascendentes, dense hispidi pilis
patentibus albis 3-4-cellularibus 0.4-0. 5 mm longis. Folia alterna, dense congesta, linearia,
6-7 mm longa 0.8- 1.0 mm lata, obtusa, succulenta, dense hispida pilis atque caulibus in
tuberculis albis insidentibus. Bracteae ovatae vel lanceolatae, 2.5 mm longae, 1 .25 mm latae.
Bracteolae ovatae, 1.3 mm longae, 0.6-0. 7 mm latae, in carina hispida. Flores in pedicellis
0.7 mm longis insidentes, nutantes. Sepala 4. viride, late ovata, 0.6 mm longa, 0.7 mm
lata. Petala 4, atro-rubra, cucullata, carinata, 2.2 mm longa, 0.6 mm lata (carina ad
marginem). in carina grosse hispida. Stamina 8, antheris anguste oblongis, 1 .2 mm longis,
non apiculatis. Stvli 4, clavati, stigmatibus capitatis, albis, breviter fimbriatis. Ovarium
atro-purpureum, turbinatum, 0.75 mm longum, 0.75 mm latum valde et acute 8-costatum,
in costis grosse hispidis. Fructus maturis non visus sed certe ovario simili.

Typus: Base of East Mt Barren, Western Australia, stony quartzitic sand, 14 Sept. 1974,
K. New bey 4370 (holo: PERTH).

Subshrub to 16 cm tall; stems erect or ascending, slightly wrinkled longitudinally, densely
hispid with spreading white 3-4-celled simple hairs 0.4-0. 5 mm long. Leaves alternate,
densely crowded, sessile, linear, 6-7 mm long, 0. 8-1.0 mm wide, obtuse, fleshy, densely
hispid with hairs as for stems seated on whitish tubercles. Inflorescence spike-like with
flowers borne singly in the axils of ovate to lanceolate bracts 2.5 mm long, 1.25 mm wide.
Lateral inflorescences arise in axils of upper leaves. Bracteoles yellow, somewhat fleshy,
ovate, 1.3 mm long, 0.6-0. 7 mm wide, with a dark reddish midrib, hispid on keel. Flowers
on pedicels 0.7 mm long, nodding. Sepals 4, green, broadly ovate, 0.6 mm long, 0.7 mm
wide, glabrous. Petals 4, deep red. hooded, keeled, shortly clawed. 2.2 mm long, 0.6 mm
wide (keel to margin), coarsely hispid on keel. Stamens 8; anthers narrowly oblong, 1.2
mm long, 0.3 mm wide, non-apiculate. Styles 4, clavate, stigmas capitate, W'hite, shortly
fimbriate. Ovary dark purple-black, turbinate, 0.75 mm long, 0.75 mm wide, strongly and
sharply 8-ribbed, coarsely hispid on ribs. Fruit unknown, but certainly very similar to
ovary.

Distribution. Known only from the type, from East Mt Barren in southern Western
Australia.

Ecology. Grows in stony quartzite sand. Flowers in mid September.

G. hispidus closely resembles G. pithyoides but differs in its shorter more crowded leaves,
harsher hispid hairs, hispid (not glabrous) stems, broader hispid bracteoles and more
strongly ribbed ovary.

The distinctive coarse hairs of this species are the basis of the specific epithet.

Gonocarpus ericifolius A.E. Orchard, sp. nov. (Figure 2F-K)

Fruticulus 10-15 cm altus, multicaulis; caules e basi praecipue ramosi, moderate dense
strigosi pilis appressis albis unicellularibus 0.4-0. 5 mm longis. Folia alterna erecta dense
imbricata infra, magis dispersa super, teretia, 4.0-7. 5 mm longa, 0.7- 1.0 mm lata, acuta,
parum canaliculata super, moderate dense pilosa pilis semipatentia ut in caulibus.
Inflorescentiae nutantes. Bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, 2. 5-3.0 mm longae, integrae, scabrae.
Bracteolae lineares 0.5-0. 7 mm longae. integrae. Flores pedicellis 0.4-0. 5 mm longis,
insidentes, nutantes. Sepala 4, olivacea lanceolata 1.25 mm longa, 0.5 mm lata crassa
semipatentia margine minute ciliato. Petala 4, rubra, cucullata, valde carinata, 2.2 mm
longa, 0.6 mm lata (carina ad marginem), pilis rigidis semipatentibus in carinis, post

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Figure 2. Gonoiarpus spp. (A-F) G. hispidus. (A) flowering branch. (B) leaf. (C) top portion ol inflorescence.
(D) flower in axil of bract. (E) bracteole. (F-K) G. ericifolius. (F) habit. (G) bracteole. (H) flower. (I) petal.
( J ) stamen. (K) fruit. (A-E Newhey 4370; F-K, Barnsbey 980).

Bar scales represent 1 cm (A.B.C.F) or I mm (others).

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A.E. Orchard, Gonocarpus and Haloragis

anthesin effusa et plusminusve persistentia. Stamina 8, antheris anguste oblongis 1.5 mm
longis non apiculatis. Styli 4, clavati, 0.5 mm longi, stigmatibus capitatis flavis fimbriatis.
Ovarium ardesiacum, turbinatum 0.8 mm longum, 0.8 mm diametro dense pilosum pilis
semipatentibus albis vel brunneolis. Fructus turbinatus 0.8 mm longus, 0.8 mm diametro,
dense pilosus, sepalis persistentibus in angulo 45° patentibus, petalis item persistentibus.

Typus: 33 km E of Pingaring along road to Varley, Western Australia, 32°44’S, 1 18°56’E,
gravelly sand over laterite, tall heath with Casuarina campestris, 29 Jan. 1979, B. Barnsley
980 (holo: CBG 7902172; iso: HO).

Semiwoody subshrub 10-15 cm tall, multistemmed; stems branching mainly at base,
moderately densely strigose with appressed simple white unicellular hairs 0.4-0. 5 mm long.
Leaves alternate, erect, densely imbricate in lower parts of stem, more widely spaced above,
sessile, terete, 4.0-7. 5 mm long, 0. 7-1.0 mm wide, acute, slightly channelled above,
moderately densely pilose with semi-spreading hairs as for stems. Inflorescence
indeterminate spike-like with flowers borne singly in the axils of reduced leaves (bracts).
Lateral inflorescences arising in axils of the upper leaves. Main and lateral inflorescences
nodding. Bracts linear-lanceolate, 2. 5-3.0 mm long, entire, fleshy, scabrous. Bracteoles red,
linear 0.5-0. 7 mm long, entire. Flowers pendant on glabrous pedicels 0.4-0. 5 mm long.
Sepals 4, olive-green, lanceolate, 1.25 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, thick, semi-spreading,
minutely ciliate on margin. Petals 4, red, hooded, strongly keeled, clawed. 2.2 mm long,
0.6 mm wide (keel to margin) with stiff semi-appressed hairs on keel, spreading and more
or less persistent after anthesis. Stamens 8; filaments lengthening to 0.5 mm; anthers
narrowly oblong, 1 .5 mm long, 0.3 mm wide, non-apiculate. Styles 4, clavate, 0.5 mm long,
stigmas capitate, yellow, fimbriate. Ovan'dark grey, turbinate. 0.8 mm long, 0.8 mm diam.,
densely clothed in semi-appressed white to brownish hairs as for stems. Fruit turbinate,
0.8 mm long, 0.8 mm diam., densely pilose, sepals persistent and spreading at 45°, petals
also more or less persistent.

Distribution. Known only from the type from the Lake Grace district of Western Australia.

Ecology. Rare in tall heath with Casuarina campestris, on gravelly sand flats over laterite.
Flowering and fruiting in January.

G. ericifolius seems to be related to G. pithvoides from which it differs mainly in the
size and shape of its sepals. G. pithvoides is often more or less glabrous in all of its parts,
or has hairs confined to the ovary only. G. ericifolius is stiffly strigose/ pilose in all of
its parts. This species differs from G. hispidus in its sepal shape and size, in its nodding
inflorescence, and in its less robust semi-appressed to appressed hairs.

The specific epithet alludes to the similarity of the foliage of this species to that of some
Erica species, e.g. E. baccans.

Gonocarpus effusus A.E. Orchard, sp. nov. (Figure 3A-E)

Frutex; caules profuse ramosi 4-angulati, sparsim strigosi. trichomatibus bicellularibus
hyalinis 0.25-0.3 mm praecipue ad angulos limitatis. Folia opposita (alterna in ramulos
ultimos), late disposita, ovata, 4-5 mm longa, 3 mm lata, discoloria, breviter (0.4-0. 5 mm)
petiolata, margine incrassato hyalino minute 4-6-dcntato, in superficiebus ambabus
sparsim strigosis. Bracteolae cinnamomeae, lanceolatae (rare oblanceolatae) vel trifidae,
0.5 mm longae, 0.2-0.25 mm latae, scabrae. Flores pedicellis 0.2 mm longis insidentes.
Sepala 4 ovata vel deltoidea, 0.6 mm longa, 0.3 mm lata, margine incrassato hyalino, callo
mediano basali. Petala 4 atropurpurea, cucullata, carinata, 1.8-2. 1 mm longa, 0.5-0. 6 mm
lata (carina ad marginem), in carina strigosa. Stamina 8; antheris auguste oblongis 1.4-

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

1 .5 mm longis, non apiculatis. Styli 4, clavati, 0.2-0. 3 mm longi. stigmatibus capitatis flavis
fimbriatis. Ovarium atropurpureum, ovoideum, 0.8 mm longum. 0.5 mm latum,
plusminusve laeve, strigosum. Fructus plumbeus anguste ovoideum, 1.0 mm longus, 0.6
mm latus, 8-costatus inter costas laevis vel tuberculis 1-2 parvis, in costis minute strigosis.

Tvpus: Mt Ngungun, Glasshouse Mtns, Moreton District, Queensland, 26°54’S, 152°56’E,
180 m alt., open rocky (trachyte) slopes, shrub community, 2 Oct. 1973, I.R. Telford 3399
(holo: CBG 8202 121 ).

Straggling shrub ; stems brown, 4-angled, profusely branched, sparsely strigose with
transparent 2-celled hairs 0.25-0.3 mm long confined mainly to the angles. Leaves opposite
(becoming alternate on ultimate branchlets) widely spaced, ovate, 4-5 mm long, 3 mm wide,
excluding a short (0.4-0. 5 mm) petiole, discolorous, with thickened hyaline margins,
minutely 4-6-toothed, almost glabrous with sparse appressed scabrous hairs on each
surface. Inflorescence simple, spike-like, flowers borne singly in the axils of alternate
reduced leaves (bracts) to 2 mm long. Bracteoles reddish brown, lanceolate (rarely
oblanceolate) to trifid. 0.5 mm long, 0.2-0.25 mm wide, entire or with 2-3 teeth, scabrous.
Flowers on pedicel 0.2 mm long. Sepals 4, ovate to deltoid, 0.6 mm long, 0.3 mm wide,
margins thickened, hyaline, median basal callus, glabrous. Petals 4, deep reddish purple,
hooded, keeled, 1.8-2. 1 mm long. 0.5-0. 6 mm wide (keel to margin), strigose on keel with
hairs as for stem. Stamens 8, anthers linear, 1.4- 1.5 mm long, non-apiculate. Styles 4,
clavate. 0.2-0. 3 mm long, stigmas capitate, yellow 1 , fimbriate. Ovary deep reddish purple,
ovoid, 0.8 mm long. 0.5 mm diam., more or less smooth, strigose. Fruit dark silvery-grey,
narrowly ovoid, 1.0 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, 8-ribbed, smooth between ribs or with 1-2
small tubercles, minutely strigose on ribs.

Distribution. Known only from the type from the Glasshouse Mountains of south-eastern
Queensland.

Ecology. Growing in shrub community on open rocky slopes. Flowering and fruiting in
October.

Gonocarpus effusus is clearly a member of the G. oreophilus/ G. longifolius/ G.
teucrioides group found in forested areas throughout the Eastern Divide. Its distinctive
characters are its small ovate leaves and sparse strigose hairs. From G. teucrioides it differs
also in its small brown membranous (usually) toothed bracteoles, those of O', teucrioides
being green, more or less fleshy, entire and larger. The four species are easily distinguished
by, among other things, their hair type, best seen on young branchlets. The hairs of G.
effusus are sparse, short and appressed, those of G. oreophilus are dense, short and
velutinous (occasionally with a few long ones as well), those of G. longifolius are moderately
dense, long, soft and spreading, while those of G. teucrioides are moderately dense, long
and short, harsh and stiffly spreading.

The specific epithet alludes to the straggling habit of the plant.

Gonocarpus urceolatus A.E. Orchard, sp. nov. (Figure 3F-J)

Herba usque ad 30 cm altam; caules erecti pilosi pilis moderate dense patentibus 3-4-
cellularibus hyalinis 0.5-0. 6 mm longis. Folia sessilia opposita, late disposita, ovata 15-
22 mm longa, 9-13 mm lata, margine incrassato hyalino grosse serrato dentibus 10-12,
pilosa. Bracteae lanceolatae 2.5-3 mm longae 0.7-1 . 1 mm latae, margine incrassato hyalino
integro. Bracteolae testaceae, digitatae c. 0.3 mm diametro. Flores pedicellis 0.8 mm longis
insidentes. Sepala 4 lanceolata 1.0 mm longa 0.5 mm lata, basi callo rotundato, margine
incrassato hyalino. Petala 4 virides vel atro-rubra, cucullata, carinata, 2.5 mm longa, 0.6

A.E. Orchard, Gonocarpus and Haloragis

333

Figure 3. Gonocarpus spp. (A-H) G. effusus. (A) habit. (B) leaf. (C) inflorescence, (D) flower. (E) fruit. (F-J)
G. urceolatus. (F) habit. (G) leaf. (H) flower in axil of bract. (1) bracteole. (.1) fruit. (A-E, Telford 3399; F-I
Lilhgow s.n.).

Bar scales represent I cm (A,B,F,G) or 1 mm (others).

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

mm lata (carina ad marginem), in carina sparsim scabra. Stamina 8, antheris anguste
oblongis 1 .8 mm longis, non apiculatis. Styli 4, clavati, 0.3 mm longi, stigmatibus capitatis
flavis fimbriatis. Ovarium atropurpureum nitens ovoideum usque ad urceolatum, 0.9 mm
longum. 0.85-0.9 mm latum, 8-costatum callis 2 obliquis inter uterque par costarum; costis
et callis plumbeis. Fructus plumbeus urceolatus, 2 mm longus (sepalis viridibus
persistentibus inclusis), 1.1 mm latus, valde 8-costatus longistrorsum, callis 2 magnis V-
formibus in costis antipetalis, pilis scabris aliquot in costis.

Typus: Chinchilla area, Queensland, near roadside drain in bulloak soil, Oct. 1978, M.G.
Lithgow s.n. (holo: BRI 241683).

Herb to 30 cm tall; stems branched only at base, erect, pilose with moderately dense
simple, spreading 3-4-celled transparent hairs 0.5-0. 6 mm long. Leaves sessile, opposite,
widely spaced, flat, ovate, 15-22 mm long, 9-13 mm wide, margin thickened, hyaline,
coarsely serrate with 10-12 cuspidate teeth; sparsely pilose with hairs as for stems.
Inflorescence simple, spike-like with flowers borne singly in the axils of alternate reduced
leaves (bracts). Bracts lanceolate, 2.5-3 mm long, 0. 7-1.1 mm wide, margins entire,
thickened, hyaline. Bracteoles yellow-brown, digitate, c. 0.3 mm diam. Flowers on pedicel
0.8 mm long. Sepals 4, green, lanceolate, 1.0 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, rounded swollen
callus at base, otherwise smooth, margins thickened, hyaline, glabrous. Petals 4. green to
deep red, hooded, keeled, clawed, 2.5 mm long, 0.6 mm wide (keel to margin), sparsely
scabrous on keel. Stamens 8; filaments elongating to 1 .3 mm long; anthers narrowly oblong,

1 .8 mm long, 0.3 mm wide, non-apiculate. Styles 4, clavate, 0.3 mm long, stigmas capitate,
yellow, fimbriate. Ovary deep reddish purple, shiny, ovoid to urceolate, 0.9 mm long, 0.85-
0.9 mm wide, 8-ribbed with 2 oblique calluses between each pair of ribs, ribs and calluses
silver-grey. Fruit silver-grey, urceolate, 2 mm long (including persistent greenish sepals),
1.1 mm diam., strongly 8-ribbed longitudinally with 2 large V-shaped calluses on
antipetalous ribs, occasional scabrous hairs on ribs.

Additional specimen examined. In NSW there is a second collection of this species (NSW
99014) which has been attributed to Leichhardt. It has a small label written in pencil reading

“135. On the banks of the northern branch of N Creek 6 Jun 47”. The name

of the creek is indecipherable. On 6th June 1847 Leichhardt was camped south of Peak
Hill in Queensland, somewhere in the vicinity of the present towns of Emerald and
Springsure.

Distribution. Known only from two collections from the Chinchilla and Emerald districts
of south-eastern Queensland.

Ecology. “Near roadside drain in bulloak soil”. Flowering and fruiting in October.

G. urceolatus seems to be unrelated to any of the other eastern species. In most respects
it comes closest to G. pvcnostachyus of Israelite Bay in southern Western Australia, or
G. confertifolius of the Western Australian goldfields but is distinct from both in its larger,
more coarsely serrate sessile leaves, in fruit ornamentation and in its glabrous sepals.

The specific epithet alludes to the distinctive fruit shape, shared (in broad terms) with
only 2-3 other species in the genus.

Haloragis acutangula F. Muell.

In a previous paper (Orchard 1977) I mentioned possible confusion between this species
and H. digyna that may have occurred in the course of my description of H. acutangula
f. occidentalis. At that time I had not re-examined the type specimen, but this has now

A.F.. Orchard. Gonocarpus and Haloragis

335

been done. 1 find that although Western Australian plants of H. acutangula do exist and
answer the description given by me in 1975, the type specimen chosen then (and a couple
of other specimens cited) in fact belong to H. digyna. The unfortunate consequence is that
the name Haloragis acutangula f. occidentalis Orchard must now be placed in the synonymy
ol H. digyna and a new name and type is necessary for the Western Australian forma of
H. acutangula. The following specimens cited in Orchard (1975) under “H. acutangula f.
occidentalis" have now been re-identified as H. digyna: Gardner s.n., IS.xii. 1940,
Esperance (PERTH); O.l. C. Esperance 112, Esperance (PERTH); Orchard 1726, 1728,
3 km NE Esperance (AD, AK); Royce 6316, 1 mile N of Esperance, (PERTH) — type
of //. acutangula f. occidentalis.

Haloragis acutangula f. stellata A.E. Orchard, f. nov.

Fructus brevior quam latior, 1 .5-2.0 mm longus (sepala exclusa), 2. 0-3. 3 mm latus; alae
magnae deltatae in medio fructu tota longitudo fructo occupans; callus inter alas absens.

Typus: near small cove below limestone cliffs on eastern side of Middle Island, Recherche
Archipelago, Western Australia, 10 Nov. 1974, A.S. [Veston 9837 (holo: PERTH; iso:
CANB).

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Bennett s.n., Albany, -.i. 1941 (PERTH);
Maxwell s.n.. near King Georges Sound (MEL 1003759); Weston & Trudgen 8758, Middle
Island, Recherche Archipelago, 17. xi. 1973 (CANB, PERTH); Willis s.n., Boxer Island,
Recherche Archipelago, 8.xi. 1 950 (MEL 38930); Willis s.n.. Middle Island. 23. xi. 1950
(MEL 38931, PERTH).

SOUTH AUSTRALIA: Copley 2633,25 kmSE Yalata, 27.vii. 1969 ( AD); Orchard 3101,
3 102, 3104, 7 km SSE Mt Hope, 2. i. 197 1 (AD); Orchard 3 1 59, SE end Yalata Aboriginal
Reserve, 5. i. 1971 (AD).

Haloragis prostrata J.R. & G. Forst.

Since publication of my revision (Orchard 1975) this Pacific species, the type of the genus,
has had its range extended dramatically, from New Caledonia to Tuvalu and the Cook
Islands. Both of these outlying populations differ from the typical New Caledonian plants
in a number of respects, and are recognised below as new subspecies.

Key to the subspecies of H. prostrata

1. Plants glabrous

2. Petals 1.5- 1.8 mm long subsp. prostrata

2. Petals 2.9 mm long subsp. coquana

1. Plants with a fine dense indumentum subsp. tuvaluensis

H. prostrata subsp. prostrata
See Orchard ( 1975) pp. 84-5

H. prostrata subsp. coquana A.E Orchard, subsp. nov. (Figures 4A-E, 5)

A subsp. prostrata floribus magnis (petalis 2.9 mm longis, antheris 1.8 mm longis) et
bracteolis usque ad 2. 1-2.2 mm longis, differt.

Typus: Mitiaro, between Omapere and Kakari (east coast). Cook Islands, coastal makatea,
level, with much sand, 22 July 1982, W.R. Sykes 24 15/ Cl (holo: CHR 397621; iso: HO
72972, CANB).

336

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Perennial glabrous herb, stems semi-prostrate to 25 cm long, smooth, the older ones
4-angled. Leaves decussate, oblanceoiate to obovate, 25-35 mm long, 6-9 mm wide, more
or less fleshy, entire, usually with a minute rounded apiculum at tip. Inflorescence simple,
spike-like with fascicles of 3-5 flowers borne in axils of reduced leaves (bracts). Lateral
inflorescences arise in axils of upper leaves. Bracteoles linear, 2. 1-2.2 mm long, 0.4 mm
wide, weakly midribbed. flat, acute. Secondary bracteoles similar but smaller. Flowers
strongly protandrous, on pedicels 1.3 mm long. Sepals 4, deltoid, 1.0-1. 1 mm long. 0.8
mm wide, smooth, erect. Petals 4, hooded, keeled, 2.5-2.9 mm long, 0.8 mm wide (keel
to margin). Stamens 8, filaments elongating to 1 . 1 mm; anthers narrowly oblong, 1.6-1. 8
mm long, 0.5 mm wide, non-apiculate. Styles 4, clavate, 0.8 mm long; stigmas capitate,
yellow fimbriate. Ovary globular, 1.7 mm diam., slightly sulcate opposite petals. Fruit on
pedicel 1.3 mm long, reddish, shining, globular, 2. 1-2.9 mm in diam., weakly 8-lined
longitudinally; developing small irregular tubercles at maturity; sepals persistent, more or
less spreading.

Distribution. Confined to the island of Mitiaro in the Cook Islands.

Ecology. Mitiaro is a raised coral or makatea island, apart from three small patches in
the middle. The Haloragis grows commonly to abundantly all around the outer parts of
the island except for the first 20 metres or so in lrom the low cliff edge. It grows in the
light shade of some of the outer, or seaward scrub forest, but best of all on the more open
rough coral. The stronger the insolation the more reddish the plants are. The plants die
back around July to September as only young vegetative shoots are present at this time.
(W.R. Sykes pers. comm.)

This subspecies closely resembles subsp. prostrata differing mainly in its larger flowers
and bracteoles. In my previous account of H. prostrata (subsp. prostrata ) (Orchard 1975)

1 mentioned a large leaved form from “Isle St. Marie” probably collected by LemCe. As
the species was at that time thought to be confined to New Caledonia the specimen was
cited under that locality. Unfortunately the collection bore only young buds, but on leaf
size and shape alone it is possible that it too belongs to subsp. coquana and that “Isle
St. Marie is Maria Is. in the Tubuai Islands. Removal of the (?) Lernee specimen from
subsp. p> os t rat a means modification of the range of leaf size for that subspecies is necessary,
to 15-20 mm long and 5-6 mm wide.

The fruits on the type specimen are probably immature, and further collections could
be anticipated with larger fruits.

H. prostrata subsp. tuvaluensis A.E Orchard, subsp. nov. (Figure 4F-I)

A subsp. prostrata indumento tenui denso pilorum brevium aureorum mollium
crisporum patentium plantam totam tegentem, differt.

Typus: Ipota, Erromanga, New Hebrides, on coral rock above the high water tide mark
10 Aug. 1971, P.S. Green RSNH 1328 (holo: K).

Annual ( ?) herb to 40 cm high, the whole plant with a fine dense indumentum of golden
short (c. 0.0 1 mm) soft crisped spreading hairs; sterns freely branched, somewhat fleshy,
the older ones 4-angled. Leaves decussate, obovate, 25-45 mm long, 7-1 1 mm wide, entire,
tip rounded with a short blunt apiculum, only midrib apparent. Inflorescence simple, spike-
like, of fascicles of 3-5 flowers borne in the axils of slightly reduced leaves (bracts).
Brat teoles lanceolate 1 .0- 1 .2 mm long, 0.3 mm wide, weakly midribbed. Flowers on pedicels

I. 5 mm long. Sepals 4, deltoid, 0.8 mm long, 0.8 mm wide, smooth, with crisped hairs
on outer surface as for stems. Petals 4, yellow, hooded, keeled, 1.4 mm long, 0.6-0. 7 mm

A.E. Orchard, Gonocarpus and Haloragis

337

Figure 4. Haloragis prostrala. (A-E)subsp. coquana. (A) flower. (B) bracteole. (C) petal. (D) stamen. (E) immature
fruit. (F-l) subsp. luvaluensis. (F) flower. (G) bracteole. (H) stamen. (I) immature fruit. (A-E, Sykes 2415/ CT
F-I, Green R.SNH 1328).

Bar scale represents I mm (all illustrations).

wide (keel to margin). Stamens 8, filaments lengthening to 0.6 mm; anthers oblong, 1.0
mm long, 0.4-0. 5 mm wide, non-apiculate. Styles 4, clavate, 0.6 mm long, stigmas capitate,
cream, fimbriate. Ovary green, globular, 1.3 mm diam., smooth, with crisped hairs. Fruit
green, globular, 2.5 mm diam., slightly 4-sulcate longitudinally opposite sepals; sepals
remaining erect.

Other collection examined. TUVALU; J. Raynal RSNH 16003, Nouvelles-Hebrides, Efate,
cote S entre Pointe Narabo et Baie Francois, arriere-plage a Messerschmidia, sur blocs
coralliens, 30. vi. 1971 (K).

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Figure 5 Hahragis prauraia subsp coguana, ivpe specimen in situ ( A) habit. ( B) flowers and young Fruits.
(Photos by H.K. Cameron, Botany Dept., University ol Auckland, pet W.R. Sykes.)

A.E. Orchard. Gonocarpus and Haloragis 339

Distribution. Known only from the islands of Erromanga and Efate in Tuvalu.

Ecology. Like the other subspecies this plant is confined to coral sand/ rock on shorelines
just above high water level, where it is locally abundant.

The subspecies is easily distinguished from the other two by its close indumentum of
tiny crisped hairs which clothe the stems, leaves, bracteoles, ovary, sepals and keels of the
petals as well as the fruits (the other subspecies are completely glabrous). It differs also
in the erect sepals of the fruit and the 4-sulci which are most pronounced in dried collections
but which disappear to some extent when the fruits are rehydrated. The apiculum on the
tip of the leaf is also more pronounced in subsp. tuvaluensis than in the other two
subspecies.

The plants here described as subsp. tuvaluensis were cited by Green (1979), who
mentioned them as an example of one of the few species shared by New Caledonia and
Tuvalu. While this is true, his suggestion that they could be relatively recent arrivals cannot
be sustained. The Tuvaluan plants have been separated from those on New Caledonia long
enough to have developed their characteristic indumentum and other minor differences
mentioned above, and for these modified plants to have spread to at least two islands in
the group. In fact, subsp. tuvaluensis seems to me to be more distinct from subsp. prostrata
than does the geographically more distinct subsp. coquana which may indeed be a relatively
recent taxon derived from long-distance dispersal by sea of propagules from New
Caledonia.

Acknowledgements

Dr P.S. Green kindly drew my attention to the existence of the Vanuatu collections of
H. prostrata. Mr W.R. Sykes sent me the Cook Islands material for identification, and
provided photographs and ecological information for subsp. coquana. Without their
encouragement 1 would probably not have re-examined this species and I thank them for
their interest. The Curators of the Herbaria BRI, CANB, CBG, K and PERTH loaned
material for study, and the final Gonocarpus illustrations were prepared from my sketches
by Mrs F. Butterfield. The Haloragis drawings were similarly prepared by Mrs L. Button.

References

Green, P.S. (1979). Observations on the phytogeography of the New Hebrides, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk
Island, pp 41-55 in D. Bramwell (ed.) “Plants and Islands.” (Academic Press: London.)

Orchard, A.E. (1975). Taxonomic revisions in the family Haloragaceae 1. The genera Haloragis,
HaloragodenJron. Gtischroearyon, Meziella and Gonocarpus. Bull. Auckland Inst. Mus. 10:1-299.

Orchard, A.E. (1977). Taxonomic revisions in the family Haloragaceae II. Further notes on Haloragis,
Hatoragodendrnn and Gonocarpus. Nuytsia 2: 126-44.

Nuytsia 5(3): 341 -356 ( 1986)

341

Notes on the informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus
(Myrtaceae) and the description of three new upland species from south-
west Western Australia

M. I. H. Brooker 1 and S. D. Hopper 2

1 CS1RO, Division of Forest Research, Private Bag, P.O. Wembley, Western Australia 6014
2 W.A. Wildlife Research Centre, P.O. Box 51, Wanneroo, Western Australia 6065

Abstract

Brooker, M.I.H. and Hopper. S.I.). Notes on the informal subgenus "Monocalyptus”of Eucalyptus ( Myrtaceae)
and description of three new upland species from south-west Western Australia. Nuytsia 5 (3):34I-356 (1986).
Introductory notes on the informal subgenus “Monocalyptus" are provided. These include an historical account
of the “taxon” from Bentham to Pryor and Johnson. Salient morphological features which define the group
are discussed. I'hree new species Eucalyptus suherea, E. lareritica and E. ereclifolia are described. All belong
to the informal “/.. subgen. Monocalyptus" Pryor & Johnson. Keys to these and related species in the proposed
Mt Lesueur Nature Reserve and the Stirling Range National Park are given. E. suherea has no close relatives,
whereas E. lateritica is related to E. todtiana F. Muell. and li. ereclifolia is related to E. pachyloma Benth. and
E. bupreslium F. Muell. All three species are very rare and warrant gazettal under the Wildlife Conservation
Act. Allozyme assays for E. ereclifolia show that the species can occur in circular clumps to 25 m diameter derived
from one genetic individual.

Introduction

The informal "Eucalyptus subgen. Monocalyptus" (Pryor & Johnson 1971) is based on
E. ser. Renantherae Benth. The group is large, consisting of about 140 species, which have
captured the interest of botanists and foresters for many years. They are distributed across
temperate southern Australia and northwards along the eastern seaboard as far as the
Atherton Tableland in Queensland. The group includes many important timber species
such as jarrah E. marginata Smith, mountain ash, E. regnans F. Muell. and messmate
E. obliqua L'Herit. In Western Australia, there are also species of horticultural value
including bell-fruited mallee, E. preissiana Schau., weeping gum E. sepulcralis F. Muell.,
and several recently discovered very rare taxa (Brooker 1972, 1974; Brooker and Blaxell
1978; Rye and Hopper 1981; Pryor 1981).

The monocalypts are characterised morphologically by a single operculum, trends
towards reduced leaf venation compared with “ E . subgen. Corymbia" and “E. subgen.
Symphyomyrtus" of the Pryor & Johnson (1971) classification, the kidney-shaped anther,
and anatropous ovules which are situated in 2 vertical rows on the placenta (apart from
the imputed reversal condition to 4 rows seen in E. coccifera Hook. f. (Ladiges, Humphries
and Brooker 1983) and in some forms of E. pauciflora Sieber ex Sprengel (Boland, Brooker
and Turnbull 1980)). The recognition of this suite of diagnostic characters has emerged
only recently in the history of morphological studies in Eucalyptus.

To the early morphologists, the kidney-shaped anther was the distinguishing feature of
the group. This received expression in the classification of Bentham (1867) with his E. ser.
Renantherae (“anthers reniform — cells divergent — confluent at the apex”). M aiden ( 1 922)
devised a scheme in which he largely retained Bentham’s concept of the Renantherae (as
a section) but modified by the erection of a new section Renantheroideae (“anthers have

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

some resemblance to — Renantherae — lobes vary — sometimes nearly parallel”). With
this latter taxon it is debatable whether he intended it to be a natural group by his inclusion
of species that are clearly not closely related, e.g. E. cloeziana F.Muell., E. cneorifotia DC.,
and E. oligantha Schau. among others. Blakely (1934), following Maiden, retained the two
sections, and in his diagnoses concurred that the renantheroid anther was morphologically
distinct from the renantherous. In assigning species to the two groups, he transferred the
non-monocalypts named above to other sections.

Nevertheless, with a greater range of characters considered, opinion prevailed that the
two sections had far more affinity with each other than to any other of the sections in
Blakely s classification. Pryor (1959) suggested that they composed a single taxonomic
group ("subgenus Renanthera”) that had developed along different lines in east and west.

It was clear, therefore, that the emphasis on anthers as a unifying character could not
stand. In an attempt to find a more suitable name for the whole group (renantheroid and
renantherous) Carr and Carr ( 1 959) suggested that “ Monocalyptus ” be applied. The species
in both groups have, without exception, a single operculum, although the single opercular
structure is not exclusive to “ Monocalyptus ”.

In their comprehensive classification. Pryor and Johnson (1971) informally adopted the
name Monocalyptus for one of their eight subgenera, but placed all species in the one “E.
sect. Renantheria" while stating that “ Renantheria" need not, conceptually, be the only
section in “ Monocalyptus ”, In fact, Johnson ( 1976) explicitly restored the concept of two
groups when he erected an informal section, "Hesperia" (Greek - west) to accommodate
the old E. sect. Renantheroideae and excluded E. marginata, E. staeri (Maiden) Kessell
& Gardner, and E. jacksonii Maiden, which were retained in the informal sect.
Renantheria".

In the 20 or 30 years before the publication of Pryor and Johnson's classification, only
a few new eucalypts had been discovered and named (these include E.porrecta Blake (1953)
trom the Northern Territory, E. tetrapleura Johnson ( 1962) from north coastal New South
Wales, E. mannensis Boomsma (1964) from central Australia). Since then, with intensive
exploration, there has been a minor explosion in the number of eucalypt species discovered.
These include many monocalypts. A few are from eastern Australia, but most are from
the south-west of the continent (Brooker 1972, 1974; Brooker* Blaxeil 1978). One of these
belongs to "E. sect. Renantheria" ( E. brevistylis Brooker) and the remainder (8 before this
study) are in "E. sect. Hesperia".

Recently, intensified eucalypt survey work in the south-west has included two regions
renowned for their high numbers of local endemics Mt Lesueur to the north of Perth,
and the Stirling Range (Hopper 1979; Hopkins, Keighery and Marchant 1983). Our interest
in the eucalypts of these uplands was stimulated when an undescribed species of “£. subgen.
Monocalyptus" from the Mt Lesueur area was brought to our attention by E.A. Griffin.
Subsequently another undescribed monocalvpt was found by one of us (S.D.H.) in the
same area.

In November 1981 we began a series of field excursions in the Stirling Range National
Park. These have resulted in the discovery of a new species in the group and a range of
putative hybrids which we discuss elsewhere. With the description of these three new
monocalypts plus those of the works cited above, the number of species in western "E.
subgen. Monocalyptus" has doubled since Pryor and Johnson (1971).

Because the new species occur in two distinctive and widely separated areas, we include
two keys for the benefit of field workers.

343

M.I.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper, Notes on informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus

Key to the monocalypts of the proposed Mt Lesueur Nature Reserve and adjacent areas

I. Adult leaves discolorous, bark rough, operculum elongated E. marginata Smith

1. Adult leaves concolorous, bark rough or smooth, operculum hemispherical or
conical

2. Mallees with smooth slender stems and sparse canopies; branchlets
glaucous

3. Crown prominently drooping; adult leaves 6-12 x 1-2 cm; buds
0. 9-1.1 x 0.6-0. 8 cm; fruit 1.3-2 x 1.2-2 cm, wrinkled or ribbed

E. pendens Brooker

3. Crown more or less erect; adult leaves 4-7 x 1-1.4 cm; buds 0.6-0. 9 x

0.4-0. 5 cm; fruit 1.1-1. 5 x 1-1.4 cm, smooth E. exilis Brooker

2. Mallees or trees with dense crowns, usually with some rough bark; branch-
lets not glaucous

4. Fruit globose with narrow orifice; outer stamens without anthers;

crown usually to ground level; inflorescences 7-flowered

E. johnsoniana Brooker & Blaxell

4. Fruit cupular to truncate-globose or urceolate; all stamens fertile;
crown not to ground level; inflorescences 7 to more than
20-flowered

5. Buds smooth, to 0.7 x 0.5 cm; fruit to 0.9 x 1.1 cm; 1 I to more

than 20-flowered E. suberea Brooker & Hopper

5. Buds slightly rough-surfaced, to 1.2 x 0.8 cm; fruit 1.5-2 x
1.5-2. 5 cm; 7-15-flowered

6. Adult leaves to 10 x 1.5 cm, thin, with small glands and sparse
lateral venation; fruit to 1.5 x 1.5 cm; bark not rough over

whole stems; erect-stemmed mallees E. lateritica Brooker & Hopper

6. Adult leaves to 15 x 2.5 cm, thick, not apparently glandular;
venation densely reticulate; fruit to 2 x 2.5 cm; bark rough
over whole stems; straggly trees or mallees E. todtianu F.Muell.

Eucalyptus suberea Brooker & Hopper, sp. nov. (Figure 2)

Frutex “mallee” cortice suberoso vel squamoso, canopio plerumque ad terram, foliis
falcatis atro-virentibus nitentibus. Alabastra numerosa (ad 25), ad 0.6 x 0.4 cm, rhombea
vel globosa, et fructus truncato-sphaerici vel plus minusve urceolati, orificio comparate
lato. Semina deltoidea vel aliquantum pyramidalia, brunnea, nitentia.

Typus: Hi Valley farm, Tootbardi road, north of Badgingarra, Western Australia, 24 Jan.
1983, M.I.H. Brooker 7930 (holo: PERTH (Figure I); iso: FRI, NSW, MEL, AD, K)

A mallee up to 3 m tall with grey, corky rough bark at base or to '/i the height of the
stems or in large specimens thicker, yellowish and flaky (like a yellow bloodwood, “E.
ser. Eximiae ”), lignotuberous. Cotyledons reniform or slightly emarginate, 0.5- 1.5 x 0.4-
1 cm green above, purple below. Seedling leaves sessile, remaining opposite and held
horizontally for up to 7 pairs, elliptical to ovate, up to 12x6 cm, edges crinkly and
sometimes minutely toothed, dull green to olive green. Juvenile leaves shortly petiolate,
sub-opposite, turning vertical, lanceolate, up to 18 x 5.5 cm, slightly discolorous, light
green, slightly glossy. Adult leaves petiolate, alternating, falcate to lanceolate, to 9 x 1.5
cm, dark green, slightly glossy, concolorous. Inflorescences axillary, 1 1 to more than 20
flowered. Peduncles up to 1.5 cm long. Buds on distinct pedicels, broadly fusiform to
clavate, up to 0.7 x 0.5 cm, smooth. Operculum single, conical to hemispherical. Stamens
white, all fertile, partly indexed, with anthers around the style and appressed to the disc.
Anthers versatile, dorsifixed, oblong or as long as broad, not truncated, gland obscure,

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

seen at back, opening by parallel longtitudinal slits, which curve inwards towards the top
and are not or scarcely confluent. Loculi 3, style long, not smooth due to anther impression,
upper part inserted in a tube descending from or formed in the underside of the operculum.
Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit pedicellate, truncate-globose, rarely somewhat urceolate,
up to 0.9 x 1.1 cm, with a relatively broad orifice, drying with shallow, irregular wrinkling.
Rim thick or thin. Disc descending vertically. Seed up to 0.25 x 0.2 cm, brown, lustrous.
D-shaped to slightly pyramidal not or scarcely ribbed, hilum terminal, dorsal side rounded.

Figure I. Holotype of Eucalyptus suberea.

M.l.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper, Notes on informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus

345

Figure 2. Eucalyptus suberea. (A) small tree 6 m tall, NE of Ml lesueur; (B) mallee 2 m tall, emergent from
dense low heath on a small lateritic mesa south of Mt Peron; (C) mature hark on tree shown in (A) above; (D)
transmitted sunlight photograph of an adult leaf showing numerous oil glands and inconspicuous secondary
venation; (E) adult leaves, buds and flowers; (F| young leaves and buds; (G) a node 5 seedling leaf (from M.l.H.
Brooker 7992); (H) mature fruit; (I) cotyledons (from M.l.H. Brooker 7566); (J) anthers (from M.l.H. Brooker
7930). Drawings of E, F, and H are bv S.J. Patrick, E-H from E.A. Griffin 2575. Drawings E-l same scale.
Jx40.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mt Lesueur, 16 September 1976,
J.S. Beard 7814 (PERTH); Hill 1 km NW of Mt Lesueur, NE of Jurien, 17 July 1979,
E.A. Griffin 1956 (PERTH); base of Mt Peron, 23 November 1979, E.A. Griffin 2575
(PERTH ); Hi Valley farm, 26 August 1980, G.J. Keighery 3274 (PERTH); Hi Valley farm,
Tootbardi road, north of Badgingarra, 19 August 1982, M.l.H. Brooker 7560,7566 (FRI,
PERTH, NSW, MEL, AD); Mt Michaud, 21 September 1982, M.l.H. Brooker 7638,7639
(FRI, PERTH. NSW); Hi Valley farm, Tootbardi road, north of Badgingarra, 21
September 1982, M.l.H. Brooker 7645, 7650 (FRI, PERTH, NSW, MEL, AD) and 24
January 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 7930 (FRI, PERTH, NSW, MEL, AD); hill c. 5 km NE
of Mt Lesueur, I March 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 7988 (FRI, PERTH, NSW, MEL, AD);
mesa S of Mt Peron, 2 March 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 7992 (FRI, NSW, PERTH, MEL,
AD); hill ENE of Mt Peron, 2 March 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8005 (FRI, PERTH, NSw!
MEL, AD); mesa NW of Mt Michaud, 3 March 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8007 (FRI, PERTH^
NSW, MEL, AD); Mt Benia, 3 March 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8014 (FRI, PERTH, NSW,
MEL. AD); scarp W of Coomallo Creek, NW of Badgingarra, 3 March 1983 M I H
Brooker 8016 (FRI. PERTH, NSW, MEL, AD).

Distribution and habitat. E. suberea is a localised endemic of the lateritic uplands near
Mt Lesueur and further inland. It has a maximum geographical range of c. 30 km (Figure
3). The species occurs in small populations on the edges and scree slopes of lateritic flat-
topped uplands. It grows in open mallee communities over dense low heath with E. lateritica
Brooker & Hopper, E. gittinsii Brooker & Blaxell, E. marginata. E. accedens W. V. Fitzg.,
E. drummondii Benth., E. calophylla R. Br., E. exilis Brooker, E. pendens Brooker, E.
gardneri Maiden, and scattered emergents such as Hakea neurophylla Meissn., Banksia
tricuspis Meissn., Daviesia epiphylla Meissn. and Kingia australis R.Br.

Conservation status. Only 1 1 populations ol E. suberea are known, and all consist of low
numbers of plants. I he species’ rarity alone qualifies it for special legal protection by
gazettal as rare flora under the Wildlife Conservation Act (Rye and Hopper 1981).
Although most populations of E. suberea occur on unvested reserves recommended for
inclusion in proposed nature reserves and national parks, none of these reserves has yet
been created (Figure 3).

Flowering period. December to March.

Etymology. J he Latin name alludes to the nature of the rough corky bark in mature
specimens.

Notes. E. suberea has no close relative and is readily distinguished from other Western
Australian monocalypts by its small truncate-globose fruit, its grey-yellow corky bark, its
many-flowered inflorescences, and its small brown D-shaped seed. Like E. johnsoniana
Brooker & Blaxell and Hakea megalosperma Meissn., E. suberea may be a relict species
lor which the Mt Lesueur region appears to have been a refuge during the climatic
perturbations of the Quaternary (Hopper 1979; Hopkins et al. 1983).

Eucalyptus lateritica Brooker & Hopper, sp. nov. (Figure 5)

Eucalypto todtianae all inis a qua constanter statura inferiore, cortice minus aspera, foliis
adultis viridioribus, parvioribus et tenuioribus, minus reticulatis et glandulis manifestis,
et fructibus plerumque parvioribus differt. Semina anguste pyramidalia, brunnea, alis
lateralibus latis.

Tvpus: Mt. Michaud, c. 1 km NW of Mt. Lesueur (30° 15'S, 115° 12'E) 22 April 1982,
S.D. Hopper 2232 (holo: PERTH (Figure 4); iso: FRI, NSW, MEL, AD, K).

M.I.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper, Notes on informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus

347

Dongara

Mingenew

0 km 20

U. .. I

Three Springs

Sw-iS-H Nature Reserves

National Parks

Eneabba

Badgingarra

Moora

116 "

—i

Figure 3. Distribution of E. suberea and E. laleritica in the Jurien Bay-Eneabba region of Western Australia.
Both species occur at all locations designated by • . Boundaries of Nature Reserves and National Parks greater
than 2000 ha in area are shown to highlight the poor reservation status of both new species.

A mallee up to 3 m tall with grey-brown rough bark up to 1.5 m or mostly smooth,
lignotuberous. Cotyledons reniform, emarginate, 1-1.4 x 0.7-0. 9 cm. green above, purple
below. Early internodes short and leaf pairs relatively crowded. Seedling leaves sessile,
remaining opposite and held horizontally for up to 10 pairs, oblong to elliptical, up to
15x6 cm, slightly toothed, obtuse and minutely apiculate, dull blue-green. Juvenile leaves

348

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

petiolate, sub-opposite to alternating, held horizontally, lanceolate, up to 18 x 3.5 cm,
slightly discolorous, slightly glossy. Adult leaves alternating, petiolate, narrow-lanceolate
to lanceolate, up to 10 x 1.5 cm, thin, green to dark green, concolorous, slightly glossy,
reticulate only to secondary veins, with many small discrete glands. Inflorescences axillary,
1 1 -flowered. Peduncles up to 1.7 cm, long. Buds shortly pedicellate, broadly fusiform to
clavate, up to 1 x 0.7 cm, slightly rough-surfaced. Operculum single, conical to
hemispherical, more or less equal to hvpanthium. Stamens white, all fertile, inflexed with
anthers basal, resting on green, glandular disc or top of ovary. Anthers versatile, dorsifixed,
oblong, gland obscure, seen at back, opening by parallel longitudinal slits which curve
inwards towards the top and are not or scarcely confluent. Loculi 3, style long, smooth,
upper part inserted in underside of operculum or in tube descending from it. Ovules in
2 vertical rows. Fruit shortly pedicellate, cupular to truncate-globose, up to 1.5 x 1.5 cm,
with a broad orifice, drying with shallow longitudinal ribbing. Rim thick. Disc annular
or descending obliquely. Seed 0.5 x 0.3 cm, brown, lustrous, narrowly pyramidal, with
strong lateral ribs ascending to the terminal hilum. dorsal side curved and broader than
body of seed by extension into lateral wings.

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Mt Lesueur, NE slope, 20 May
1982, M.I.H. Brooker 7514 (FRI, PERTH, NSW); Mt Michaud, 20 May 1982, M.l.H.
Brooker 75 16 (FRI. PERTH. NSW, MEL, AD); Hi Valley farm, Tootbardi road, north
of Badgingarra. 19 August 1982, M.I.H. Brooker 7563, 7564, 7567 (FRI, PERTH, NSW,
MEL, AD); Mt Michaud, 21 September 1982, M.I.H. Brooker 7634, 7635, 7636, 7637,
(FRI, PERTH, NSW); Mt Michaud, top NE corner. 30° IPS 115° 1 l'E, 21 Sept. 1982,
M.I.H. Brooker 7636 (FRI, NSW, PERTH); Hi Valley farm, Tootbardi road, north of
Badgingarra. 21 September 1982. M.I.H. Brooker 7646, 7647, 7648, 7649 (FRI, PERTH,
NSW); hill c. 5 km NE of Mt Lesueur. I March 1983, M.I.H. Brooker 7987 (FRI, PERTH,
NSW, MEL, AD); Mt Benia, 3 March 1983, M.I.H. Brooker 80 1 5 (FRI, PERTH, NSW,
MEL, AD); scarp W of Coomailo Creek, NW of Badgingarra, 3 March 1983, M.I.H.
Brooker 8017 (FRI, NSW, PERTH, MEL, AD); Mt Michaud, 2 km NW of Mt Lesueur,
30° IPS 115° 12'E, 22 April 1982, 5. D. Hopper 223 1 (PERTH); Williams’ farm, ca 5 km
NE of Coomailo Hill, N of Tootbardi Rd. 23 Oct. 1984, S.D. Hopper 4362 (PERTH);
Hills N of Mt Lesueur, Gardner Range Coomailo district, 16 July 1980, D. Lievense
(PERTH, CANB).

Distribution and habitat. E. lateritica has an identical geographical range to E. suberea ,
extending from Mt Lesueur some 30 km inland (Figure 3). It also grows in the same habitat
on the edges and upper breakaway slopes ol dissected lateritic uplands. Common associates
in the open mallee communities at these sites include E. gittinsii, E. suberea, E. accedens,
E. drummondii. E. marginata and E. gardneri.

Conservation status. E. lateritica is both rare and, until the creation of proposed nature
reserves and national parks, endangered. It occurs in c. 10 small isolated populations,
usually of less than 20 individuals. We recommend that the species should be gazetted as
rare flora under the Wildlife Conservation Act.

Flowering period. April to September, peaking in May.

Etymology. I he specific epithet alludes to the lateritic gravel which dominates the upland
soils of the Mt Lesueur region, and which contrasts with the deep sands occupied by E.
todtiana F. Muell., the species with the closest apparent affinity to E. lateritica.

Notes. E. lateritica can be distinguished from E. todtiana by its glandular leaves with
reduced (not densely reticulate) venation, its longer pedicels, its winter flowering season.

M.I.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper, Notes on informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus

349

WtSTBIN AUSTRALIAN HERBARIUM, BERTH

Fkm >4 Amtrnlbi

gWi^fAvS, IkW'V.so. A «e>«M

AouaTTPS.

>A a A.fi. -k : ' A. AyO-g , fo->a v ''

ftaWiaa. A"&fA^a>q

£“, •> W, / Otusa^salra.

fco«w*r» 4«w

rfep d I a+K-'-fv AMK

t y\s tA ; C U,« u ^ , c « I k^, >4W

ef Mf Hswtur

Ui, 30° ! I’A tong. US® ti'S-

tan S.O. dep**t 5531 aiAyi.l i« 83-

Figure 4. Holotype of Eucalyptus lateritica.

350

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

'^ r ^' Eucalyptus lateritica. (A) small tree 4 m tall NE of Mt Lesueur; (B) trunk of tree in (A) showing mature
bark. (C ) low mallee 1 .5 m tall NE of Mt Eesueur; ( D) transmitted sunlight photograph of an adult leaf showing
numerous oil glands and simple lateral venation; (E) transmitted sunlight photograph of an adult leaf of E.
todtiana showing absence of visible oil glands and densely reticulate venation; (F) mature fruit; (G) a node 5
seedling leaf (lrom M.l. II. Brouker 801 7); ( H) adult leaf and voung inflorescence still enclosed in bracts; (I) adult
eat and young buds; (.1) mature buds and a flower; (K) cotyledons (from M./.H. Brooker 7564); (L) anthers
(trom M./.H. Breaker 7564). All drawings same scale; F, H, [', and .1 by S.J. Patrick from holotype. Lx40.

351

M.I.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper, Notes on informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus

its erect stems and finer bark. The differences in leaf venation between these two species
serve as useful field characters for identification. They also pose an interesting evolutionary
problem because most close relatives in Western Australian eucalypts do not differ in their
leaf venation. It may be that the similarities between E. lateritica and E. todticftm are due
to convergence, and that E. lateritica has a closer affinity to other species such as E.
erectifolia. 1 his hypothesis will be investigated in a forthcoming cladistic analysis of W. A.
monocalypts by Dr P.Y. Ladiges and ourselves.

Key to the monocalypts of the Stirling Range National Park

1. Bark rough over whole trunk or stems

2. Adult leaves distinctly discolorous, with distinct oil glands and moderately

reticulate venation, thin E. marginata Smith

2. Adult leaves not or scarcely discolorous, without apparent oil glands and

with densely reticulate venation, thick E. staeri (Maiden) Kessell & Gardner

1. Bark smooth

3. Buds and fruits in 3’s

4. Erect mallee or tree; adult leaves lanceolate or falcate; flowers white

E. megacarpa F.Muell.

4. Effuse mallee; adult leaves elliptical to broad-lanceolate; flowers

yellow E. preissiana Schauer

3. Buds and fruits in 7’s or more

5. Fruit almost globular, often clustered on old wood towards middle
of crown, up to 2.5 x 2.5 cm; disc steeply descending; orifice

narrow E. buprestium F. Muell.

5. Fruit hemispherical, cupular or truncate-globose, up to 1.6 x
1.8 cm; if disc descending vertically, orifice broad

6. Peduncles stout, terete, up to 1 cm long; disc broad ascending

E. pachyloma Benth.

6. Peduncles slender, terete or flattened, up to 2.5 cm long; disc
annular, level or sloping inwards

7. Buds smooth; fruit up to 1.6 x 1.8 cm

E. erectifolia Brooker & Hopper

7. Buds ribbed; fruit up to 1 x 0.9 cm E. ligulata Brooker

Eucalyptus erectifolia Brooker & Hopper, sp. nov. (Figure 7)

Frutex “mallee” ad 3 m altus, cortice laevi, foliis adultis erectis ferentibus. Inflorescentiae
axillares, 7-1 I florae, pedunculis ad 2 cm longis et alabastris pedicellatis, late fusiformibus,
ad 1 x 0.6 cm. Fructus breviter pedicellati vel subsessiles cupulares, ad 1 .6 x 1.8 cm. Semina
pyramidalia, brunnea, alis lateralibus.

Typus: road to Mt. Trio, Stirling Range National Park. Western Australia, Nov. 1981,
M.I.H. Brooker 7184 (holo: PERTH: iso: FRI (Figure 6), NSW, MEL, K).

A mallee up to 3 m tall with smooth, grey stems, steeply branching. Cotyledons reniform
or slightly emarginate, 1.2-2 x 0.8-1. 5 cm, green above, purple below, tapering to petioles
arising well above ground level. Seedling leaves sessile, amplexicaul, remaining opposite
and held horizontally for up to 4 pairs, elliptical, sometimes apiculate, up to 10x6 cm,
dull blue-green. Juvenile leaves petiolate, sub-opposite to alternating, turning vertical,
elliptical to ovate, up to 12x6 cm, dull, light green. Adult leaves alternating, petiolate,
narrow-lanceolate to lanceolate, up to 6 x 1.3 cm, dark green, slightly glossy, concolorous,
held erect. Inflorescences axillary, 7-1 3-flowered. Peduncles up to 2 cm long. Buds

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Figure 6. Holotype of E erectifotia.

pedicellate, broadly fusiform to ovoid, up to 1 x 0.6 cm. Operculum single, conical. Stamens
white, all fertile, mostly indexed or irregularly flexed. Anthers versatile, dorsifixed, oblong
or slightly renitorm, gland obscure, opening by parallel longitudinal slits which curve
inwards toward the top, not or scarcely confluent. Loculi 3 or 4. Style tapering with tip
enclosed in tube lormed in underside of operculum. Ovules in 2 vertical rows. Fruit shortly
pedicellate to subsessile, cupular, up to 1.6 x 1.8 cm. Rim thick. Disc sloping inwards or
descending vertically. Seed up to 0.5 x 0.3 cm, brown, pyramidal, dorsal side rounded,
extending into lateral wings, ventral side with 2 main ribs ascending to the terminal hilum.

M.l.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper, Notes on informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus

353

Figure 7 Eucalyptus erect i folia. ( A) mallee. Bluff Knoll road; ( B) stems showing smooth bark; (C) anthers ( M. /.
Brooker 8031); (D) juvenile leaves; (E) cotyledons; (F) mature fruit; (G) adult leaves with buds and flowers; (
transmitted sunlight photograph of an adult leaf showing venation and glands. All drawings same scale; D,
F and G by S.J. Patrick. Cx80.

bI3:

354

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Bluff Knoll road, Stirling Range,
5 October 1982, M.l.H. Brooker 7661 (FRI, PERTH, NSW); firetrack SW corner of
Stirling Range National Park, 9 October 1982, M.I. H. Brooker 7723 (FRI, PERTH, NSW,
MEL, AD): 1 km SE of Chester Pass road on Bluff Knoll road, Stirling Range N.P., 21
March 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8028, 8031 (FRI, PERTH. NSW, MEL, AD); 5.8 km W
of Chester Pass road on Scenic Drive, Stirling Range N.P., 24 November 1983, M.l.H.
Brooker 8379 (FRI. PERTH, NSW, MEL, AD); 4 km NE of Donnelly Peak, N boundary
fire break. W of Chester Pass Rd, 34° I9'S 1 17° 46'E, 25 March 1982, S.D. Hopper 2164
(PERTH); 1 1.5 km E of Mt Gog, 5.3 km E on East Pillenorup Track, 34° 27'S 1 18° 08'E,
26 March 1982, S.D. Hopper 2166 (PERTH); 1 km E of Wedge Hill, Stirling Range
National Park, 34° 26'S ! 18° 13'E, 26 March 1982, S.D. Hopper 2172 (PERTH): 6.5 km
SE of Bluff Knoll, Stirling Range National Park, 34° 25’S 118° 19'E, 26 March 1982, S.D.
Hopper 2175 (PERTH): 4 km SSE of Ross Peak, 4.5 km N of park boundary. Red Gum
Pass Rd, 34° 24'S 117° 45'E, 27 March 1982, S.D. Hopper 2189 (PERTH); 8 km WNW
of Bluff Knoll, 3 km SW of Bluff Knoll Rd, 34° 19'S 1 18° 1 FE, 5 May 1982. S.D. Hopper
2296 (PERTH); 5 km ESE of Yungermere Peak, 0.2 km S of East Pillenorup track,
Yungermere Cres., 34° 26'S 118° 12'E, 5 May 1982, S.D. Hopper 2315 (PERTH); Stirling
Range N.P., 1 km SE of Chester Pass Rd on Bluff Knoll Rd, 34° 20'S 1 18° 12'E, 5 Oct.
1982, S.D. Hopper 2625 (PERTH);

Distribution and habitat. Eucalyptus erectifolia is known only from the lower slopes ( 1 60-
300 m altitude) of the Stirling Range (Figure 8). It usually grows in small isolated clumps
in open mallee with associates such as E. decurva F. Muell., E. marginata, E. tetragona
(R.Br.) F. Muell., E. preissiana Schauer, E. buprestium F. Muell., E. decipiens Endl., E.
pachyloma Benth., E. f ale at a Turcz., and emergent shrubs of Lambertia inermis R.Br.,
L. ericifolia R.Br., Hakea cucullata R.Br., Banksia coccinea R.Br. and Dryandra sessilis
(R.Br.) Druce.

Figure 8. Distribution of Eucalyptus erectifolia (•).

M.I.H. Brooker and S.D. Hopper, Notes on informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus

355

Conservation status. The species is very rare, being known from only c. 10 populations
each of very few individuals. We recommend that gazettal as rare under the Wildlife
Conservation Act would be appropriate. All known populations occur within Stirling
Range National Park.

Flowering period. March.

Etymology. The Latin name alludes to the erect manner in which the leaves are held in
the crown.

Notes. The close affinities of E. erectifolia are not yet clear, although relationships with
E. pachyloma and E. buprestium are evident in the large brown winged seeds of E.
erectifolia , and its juvenile foliage. The cupular fruit, large pedicellate buds and broader
leaves distinguish E. erectifolia from E. pachyloma and E. buprestium.

I nstances of sporadic hybridization based on morphology of lie Id specimens and progeny
tests between E. erectifolia and both E. buprestium and E. marginata have been
documented (unpublished data).

E. erectifolia forms circular clumps up to 25 m in diameter at some locations. Allozyme
assays of such clumps have demonstrated that they consist of one genetic individual (G.F.
Moran, pers. comm.). The mode of reproduction of such individuals warrants further
investigation.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to E.A. Griffin, G.F. Moran, L.A.S. Johnson, D.F. Blaxell, P.Y. Ladiges
and A.R. Griffin for stimulating discussions of the new species in the field. The Director
and staff of the National Parks Authority and the Williams family of Badgingarra kindly
provided access to populations on their land. We thank the Curator of the Western
Australian Herbarium for access to the herbarium research facilities, B. Rockel for raising
seedlings in a comprehensive monocalypt trial, and S. Patrick for the illustrations.

References

Bentham, G. (1867). “Flora Australiensis.” (L. Reeve & Co: London.)

Blake, S.T. (1953). Studies in Northern Australian species of Eucalyptus. Austral. J. Bot. 1: 185-353.

Blakely, W.F. (1934). “A Key to the Eucalypts." (The Workers Trustees: Sydney.)

Boland, D.J., Brooker, M.I.H. and Turnbull, J.W. (1980). “Eucalyptus Seed.’’ (CSIRO: Australia.)

Boomsma, C.D. ( 1964). A description of a new malice species of Eucalyptus from Central Australia Trans Roy
Soc. S. Aust. 88: 1 15-1 17.

Brooker, M.I.H. ( 1972). Four new taxa of Eucalyptus from Western Australia. Nuytsia I: 242-253.

Brooker, M.I.H. ( 1974). Six new species of Eucalyptus from Western Australia. Nuytsia 1 : 297-314.

Brooker, M.I.H. and Blaxell, D.F. (1978). Five new species of Eucalvtpus from Western Australia Nuytsia 2'
220-23 1 .

Carr, D..I. and Carr, S.G.M. (1959). Floral morphology and the taxonomy of Eucalyptus Nature 184' 1549-
1552.

Hopper, S.D. (1979). Biogeographical aspects of speciation in the south-west Australian flora. Ann Rev Ecol
Syst. 10: 399-422.

Hopkins, A.J.M., Keighery, G.J. and Marchant, N.G. (1983). Species-rich uplands of south-western Australia.
Proc. Ecol. Soc. Aust. 12: 15-26.

Johnson, L.A.S. (1962). Studies in the taxonomy of Eucalyptus. Contrib. New South Wales Natl Herb 3' 103-
126.

Johnson, L.A.S. (1976). Problems of species and genera in Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae). Plant Syst. Evol 125' 155-
167.

356

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Ladiges. Pauline. Y„ Humphries. C.J. and Brooker, M.l.H. (1983). Cladistie relationships and biogeographic
patterns in the peppermint group of Eucalyptus (Informal Subseries Amygdalininae, Subgenus Monocalyplus)
and the description of a new species, E. willisii. Austral. J. Bot. 31: 565-584.

.Maiden, J.H. (1922). "A Critical Revision of the genus Eucalyptus " y o\. 6. (Govt. Printer: Sydney.)

Pryor, L.D. (1959). Evolution in Eucalyptus. Austral. J Sc. 22: 45-49.

Pryor. L.D and Johnson. L.A.S. (1971). “A Classification of the Eucalypts.” (Austral. Natl. Univ.: Canberra.)

Pryor, L.D. ( 1981 ). “Australian endangered species: Eucalypts." (Austral. Natl. Parks Wildl. Serv., Special. Publ.
5: [Canberra].)

Rye, Barbara L. and Hopper, S.D. (1981). A guide to gazetted rare flora of Western Australia. Dept, of Fisheries
and Wildlife, Western Australia, Report No 42.

Nuytsia 5(3): 357-371 (1986)

357

New species and subspecies of the informal “Eucalyptus series
Calycogonae ” Pryor & Johnson (. Eucalyptus
series Aridae Blakely-Myrtaceae)

M.I.H. Brooker

Division of Forest Research, Private Bag, P.O. Wembley, Western Australia 6014

Abstract

Brooker, M.I.H, New species and subspecies of the informal "Eucalyptus series Calycogonae" Prvor& Johnson
( Eucalyptus scries Aridae Blakely-Myrtaceae). Nuytsia 5(3): 357-371 (1986). An historical account is given
of the species composing the informal “ Eucalyptus ser, Calycogonae" Prvor & Johnson (/:’. ser. Aridae Blakely).
This is followed by a key to all species and subspecies in the series, descriptions of two new laxa, \i/. Eucalyptus
celastroides subsp. virella and E. hrevipes. and a description of E. gracilis var. ydgurnensis w hich is raised to
species rank as E. yilgarnensis. I he buds and lruil of each taxon are illustrated and distribution maps are given.
Notes on variation and distribution follow, and the series is discussed in relation to the informal “ E. ser.
Foecundae" and ser. Ovulares.

Introduction

Turczaninow (1852) published two new species, viz. E. calycogona and E. celastroides ,
the protologues of which include “cupula ... tetragonis” for E. calycogona and “cupula
.../ .../prope orificium constricta” for E. celastroides. These data and the types
unambiguously establish these two taxa as we recognize them in the field today.

In 1855 Mueller published E. gracilis which Bentham included in “Flora Australiensis”
twelve years later (1867). Despite Bentham’s presumed access to Mueller’s protologue in
which there is no mention of angularity in the buds and fruits, a morphological feature
of considerable taxonomic value in eucalypts, his digest for E. gracilis states that the “calyx

tube” was “usually prominently 4-angled”. Bentham cited eight specimens, the

majority of which presumably had 4-angled “calyx tubes” It can only be assumed that
Bentham was unaware that a duplicate of one of these cited specimens (Drummond 5th
coll. no. 184) had been published in 1852 as E. calycogona by Turczaninow. Another of
the specimens (Drummond 5th coll. no. 34) was a duplicate of that published by
Turczaninow, as E. celastroides.

Bentham apparently did not recognise the various distinctions in what we now know
as E. calycogona, E. celastroides and E. gracilis in the few specimens available to him and
having based his description of E. gracilis on a specimen with 4-sided “calyx tubes” his
observation of a further group of specimens with non-angled “calyx tubes” moved him
to erect a variety based on this character. Thus E. gracilis var. brevifiora was published
at the end of his digest on E. gracilis. The holotype (K) consists of 4 separate pieces, 3
of which are clearly E. gracilis var. gracilis and the remaining piece is E. calycogona. The
synonymy of E. gracilis var. breviflora with E. gracilis var. gracilis was later established
by Maiden (1903). Subsequent to the publication of Bentham’s classification, Mueller
became aware of the names (if not specimens) of E. calycogona and E. celastroides but

35B

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

he appears not to have known that they were published before E. gracilis , as he treated
them as synonyms of E. gracilis in "Eucalyptographia” (1879-1884). His description in this
work of the fruit of E. gracilis , “semiellipsoid or somewhat obconical or slightly urnshaped,
faintly angular”, could pass for forms of any of the three species.

Maiden, at first (1903), was not wholly convinced of the specific distinctions of the three
species and established them as E. calycogona (thus recognising the priority of the name),
E. calycogona var. celaslroides and E. calycogona var. gracilis. He referred to the “slight
angularity” in some specimens of E. celastroides and to the “insensible gradations” between
E. gracilis and E. calycogona. He also regarded the recently collected Pritzel 332 (Figure
9) which Diels labelled yilgarnensis ” as “referable” to E. calycogona var. gracilis.

Later (1918) Maiden recognised the specific rank of E. celastroides. E. gracilis and E.
calycogona but he suggested that all western E. gracilis were somewhat apart. He based
his contention on “the longer and more slender peduncles and pedicels” among other
features and he established this form as E. gracilis var. yilgarnensis.

The specific rank of the three species, E. gracilis, E. calycogona and E. celastroides was
upheld in subsequent floras and handbooks (Black 1926, Ewart 1931, Blackall 1954, Willis
1973), in Gardner’s census (1931) and in Blakely’s Key (1934). In the latter work, E. gracilis
var. yilgarnensis was relegated again to synonymy with E. gracilis. Blakely erected three
new taxa, viz. E. calycogona var. staffordii', E. gracilis var. erecta and E. gracilis var.
viminea.

Of the taxa so far referred to. Pryor and Johnson (1971) in their informal classification
recognised E. calycogona, E. celastroides and E. gracilis. They anticipated subspecies status
for E. gracilis var. yilgarnensis. All other varieties were considered to be only minor
variants.

In the following account I establish E. gracilis var. yilgarnensis as E. yilgarnensis and
in addition 1 erect the western part of E. celastroides as a new taxon E. celastroides subsp.
virella and describe a new species E. brevipes. In the notes following the taxonomic
treatment of these taxa, I have used the names of Pryor and Johnson ( 1971) for the sections
and series. The legitimate names where they exist are given in brackets following the
informal names.

Key to the species and subspecies

I. Buds and fruit manifestly square in section; bark smooth E. calycogona

1. Buds and fruit round in section (upper part of pedicel and lower part of
hypanthium may be angled); usually a stocking of rough bark present.

2. Adult leaves greyish or bluish green; branchlets glaucous; buds and

fruits often glaucous E. celastroides subsp. celastroides

2. Adult leaves green; buds, fruit and branchlets not glaucous.

3. Fruit urceolate or contracted at the rim; peduncles up to 0.8 cm long;

juvenile leaves ovate E. celastroides subsp. virella

3. Fruit cupular or barrel-shaped or slightly campanulate, if urceolate,
peduncles up to 1.4 cm long, pedicels up to 0.8 cm long.

4. Peduncles 0.3-0. 5 cm long; opercula conical to slightly beaked E. brevipes

4. Peduncles more than 0.5 cm long; opercula patelliform or conical.

5. Buds up to 0.6 x 0.4 cm; pedicels slender or stout, 0. 1-0.4 (0.5)

cm long; fruit cupular or barrel-shaped, up to 0.7 x 0.5 cm E. gracilis

5. Buds up to 0.4 x 0.3 cm; pedicels always slender, (0.2) 0.3-0. 7 (0.8)
cm long; fruit barrel-shaped to slightly urceolate, up to 0.5 x
0.4 cm E. yilgarnensis

1 Blakely published this as var. staffordii but it was intended to honour W.J. Spafford (Black 1952).

M.I.H. Brooker, Informal "Eucalyptus series Calycogonae" (E. series Aridae)

359

Descriptions

Eucalyptus celastroides Turcz. subsp. virella Brooker, subsp. nov. (Figures 1-3)

A subspecie typica glaucedine absenti, pedunculis brevioribus et generaliter alabastris
fructibusque minoribus distinguenda.

Tvpus : 13.2 km NE of Calingiri on Wongan Hills Road, Western Australia, 28 Aug. 1983,
M.I.H. Brooker 8283 (holo: PERTH; iso: FRI, NSW, MEL. AD. BR1. K).

A mallee up to 4 m tall with smooth grey, greenish or bron/e bark, or with a stocking
of rough, grey flaky bark; lignotuberous. Cotyledons bisected. Juvenile leaves distinctly
petiolate, alternating, ovate, up to 4 x 2.5 cm, greyish green, with perfect or imperfect
suprabasal lateral primary veins. Adult leaves petiolate. alternating, narrowly lanceolate,
up to 9 x 1 cm, bright glossy green, with conspicuous oil dots which are translucent when
fresh, black when dry. Immature adult leaves may be duller, bluish green. Inflorescences
axillary, umbel-like, 7-flowered. Peduncles slender, up to 0.8 cm. Buds shortly pedicellate,
clavate, up to 0.7 x 0.3 cm, operculum conical or hemispherical-apieulate. shorter than
hvpanthium. Flowers white, November-December. Fruit shortly pedicellate, urceolate or
contracted at the rim, up to 0.6 x 0.4 cm, rim thin. Seed compressed-ovoid, reddish brown
to grey-brown, more or less smooth, with 1-3 shallow, longitudinal furrows; hilum ventral,
central, not conspicuous.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Harrismith, 6 March 1924, C.A.
Gardner 21 17 (PERTH); between Cleary and Beacon. 16 Jan. 1947, C.A. Gardner 8351
(PERTH); Manmanning, 4 Nov. 1956. J.W. Green 810 (PERTH); northwards from
Beacon, Feb. 1957, C.A. Gardner! PERTH); 2 miles NW of Ongerup, 10 Nov. 1961, A.
Newbey 117 (PERTH); Hyden-Norseman road, ± 50 miles W of Eyre Highway, A.S.
George 4342 (PERTH); 212.6 mile peg (sic) on Morawa-Perth road. 5 March 1966, E.M.
Scrvmgeour 392, 394. 396, 397, 398 & S. G. M. Carr ( PERTH ); 0.4 miles E of Manmanning,
21 Oct. 1966. G.M. Chippendale 67 (PERTH. FRI): 1 1.8 miles S of Burakin, 21 Nov. 1966,
G.M. Chippendale 66 (PERTH, FRI): 0.9 miles F. of Korrelocking, 9 Aug. 1967, G.M.
Chippendale 253 (PERTH, FRI); 260 mile peg E of Southern Cross, 16 April 1969. R.D.
Royce 8588 (PERTH); 5 mile W of Wyalkatchem, April 1969, B. Rocket s.n. (PERTH);
1 mile W of Tammin, 3 June 1969, M.I.H. Brooker 1977 (PERTH, FRI); 8.2 miles SW
of Three Springs, 7 Jan. 1970, M.I.H. Brooker 2369 (PERTH); Fitzgerald National Park,
1 2 July 1970, A.S. George 9928 (PERTH); 3.5 km SW of Yelbeni, Aug. 1973, M.D. Tindale
3721 (PERTH. NSW); reserve 14001, Kulin, 21 Oct. 1977, J.S. Beard 8151 (PERTH);
Mason’s Road, E of Gunvidi, 25 May 1982, M.I.H. Brooker 7529 (PERTH); 23 km NW
of Strawberry on Burma Road, 26 Jan. 1983, M.I.H. Brooker 7948 (PERTH. FRI, NSW,
MEL); 15.3 km NE of Calingiri towards Wongan Hills. 16 Feb. 1983, M.I.H. Brooker
7964 (PERTH, FRI. NSW, MEL); Chiddarcooping Nature Reserve, 17 Feb. 1983, M.I.H.
Brooker 7978 (PERTH. FRI, NSW, MEL); 4.9 km E of Dudinin t o on Kulin-Wickepin
road, 5 May 1983. M.I.H. Brooker 8106 (PERTH, FRI, NSW. MEL): Wongan Hills, 29
May 1983. M.I.H. Brooker 8145, 8146 (PERTH, FRI, NSW, MEL); Rollands Road, NW
of Esperance, 6 June 1983, M.I.H Brooker 8169 (PERTH, FRI, NSW, MEL).

Distribution. Endemic to southern Western Australia, and bounded approximately by
Walkaway in the north-west, Ongerup in the south-west, to east of Southern Cross and
to Esperance in the south-east (Figure 4).

Discussion. The specimens now designated as Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. virella can
be distinguished from E. celastroides subsp. celastroides by the non-glaucous branchlets,
leaves, buds and fruit, the shorter peduncles, and the generally smaller buds and fruit. Its

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

wester * mmmmn mummim

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Figure I. Holotype of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. virella Brooker (PERTH, ex F R I . ) .

M.l.H. Brooker. Informal " Eucalyptus series Calvcogonae" (E. series Aridae)

361

Figure 2. Seedling of Eucalyptus celastroides subsp. virella (from Brooker 7948).

362

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Figure 4. Distribution ol Eucalyptus celastroides subspp. celasiroides and virella.

M.I.H. Brooker, Informal “Eucalyptus series Calycogonae" (E. series Aridae)

yf €

mmm -

csmo otvmm ot ? o «fst m m ah; > < • .< .•

Figure 5. Holotype of Eucalyptus brevipes Brooker.

364

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Figure 6. Seedling of Eucalyptus brevipes (from Brooker 7970).

365

M.I.H. Brooker, Informal "Eucalyptus series Calycogonae" (E. series ArUlae)

distribution is west of that for E. celastroides subsp. celastroides but specimens of
intermediate character are found in the intervening zone.

Eucalyptus brevipes Brooker, sp. nov. (Figures 5-7)

Eucalypto gracilis F. Muell. af finis sed foliis adultis angustioribus, rigide erectis,
pedunculis brevioribus, operculis conicis vel rostratis, et foliis plantularum longioribus et
dispersioribus distinguenda.

Typus: c. 200 metres south of Cunderin Hill (30°38'S, 1 18°29'E), Western Australia, 20
July 1983, M.I.H. Brooker 8242 (holo: PERTH; iso: FRI, NSW, AD, MEL, K).

A mallee up to 5 m tall with a stocking of hard rough bark to about 1 m, becoming
softer and lighter in colour with age, bark smooth grey over bronze or salmon pink above;
lignotuberous. Cotyledons bisected. Juvenile leaves shortly obscurely petiolate, alternating,
linear to narrowly lanceolate, up to 8 x 1.5 cm, dull green, venation prominent only in
broader leaves. Adah leaves petiolate, alternating, linear to narrowly lanceolate, stiff, held
erect, up to 10 x 0.8 cm, green, slightly glossy (depending on maturity) with conspicuous
black (seen with reflected light) oil dots. Inflorescences axillary, umbel-like, 7-flowered.
Peduncles short, broadening at the summit, up to 0.5 cm long. Buds on distinct tapering
pedicels, becoming angled on drying, clavate, with black oil dots, up to 0.7 x 0.5 cm,
operculum conical to slightly beaked, often reddish when mature (Figure 7). Flowers white.
Fruit pedicellate, barrel-shaped to cupular, up to 0.7 x 0.6 cm, disc obliquely descending,
whitish. Seed compressed-ovoid, reddish brown to grey-brown, more or less smooth,
usually with 1-3 shallow longitudinal furrows; hilum ventral, central, not conspicuous.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Cunderin Hill, 1979, P. de Rebeira s.n.
(PERTH); Echo Valley road, south of Yanneymooning Hill, 16 Feb. 1983, M.I.H. Brooker
7970 (FRI, PFRTH, NSW, MEL); type locality, 20 July 1983, M.I.H. Brooker 8243 (FRI,
PERTH, MEL, NSW, AD).

Distribution. Endemic to Western Australia and restricted to a small area north-east of
Mukinbudin (Figure 8).

Discussion. E. brevipes is the most geographically restricted species in the series and occurs
wholly within the distribution of E. yi/garnensis. Its natural affinity, however, is with the
widely distributed E. gracilis which occurs to the south. Any connections between the two
which presumably once occurred in the form of an ancestral type or may currently exist
as intergrades are not evident in the available collected material.

366

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150

Figure 8. Distribution of Eucalyptus yilgarnensis and E. brevipes.

Eucalyptus yilgarnensis (Maiden) Brooker, comb, et stat. nov. (Figures 9-10)

E. gracilis F. Muell. var. yilgarnensis Maiden, Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 52: 489
(1918).

Type: Yilgarn and Coolgardie Goldfields in silvis valde a pert is. May 1901, E. Pritzel 332
(holo: NSW; iso: BM, G. K, L, P, PERTH, W).

A tree or mallee up to 6 m tall with a persistent stocking of short-fibred, flaky, dark
grey bark, smooth bronze or grey above, rarely completely smooth-barked; lignotuberous.
Cotyledons bisected. Juvenile leaves petiolate, alternating, broadly lanceolate (up to 8 x
1.5 cm) or ovate (up to 6 x 3 cm), dull grey-green to bluish green, commonly with perfect
or imperfect suprabasal lateral primary veins. Adult leaves petiolate, alternating, narrowly
lanceolate, up to 8 x 1.3 cm, glossy green with conspicuous oil dots which are translucent

M.I.H. Brooker, Informal “Eucalyptus -series Calvcogonae ” ( E . series Aridae)

367

Figure 9. Isotype ol Eucalyptus yilgarnensis (Maiden) Brooker.

L Pritiel: Ptairtae Aaatraffe* rncmntsm

., tll v i M#' ’ < *«* »?*«*

t&OTYPE
£.?T#r ,'ftjr ?
tr&etr. / f Sf# * *>>

368

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Figure 10. Seedling of Eucalyptus yitgarnensh (from Brffoker 1816).

M.I.H. Brooker, Informal “ Eucalyptus series Calycogonae" (E. series Aridae)

369

when fresh, black when dry; venation sometimes almost parallel. Inflorescences axillary,
umbel-like, 7- or 9-flowered. Peduncles slender, up to 1 (1.4) cm long. Pedicels usually
long and slender, (0.2) 0.3-0. 7 (0.8) x 0.05-0.1 cm. Buds ovoid, pyriform or clavate, up
to 0.4 x 0.3 cm, operculum shallowly conical to hemispherical-apiculate, much shorter than
hypanthium, patelliform, equal to or less than maximum diameter of hypanthium. Flowers
white, March to September. Fruit with slender pedicels, barrel-shaped to slightly urceolate,
up to 0.5 x 0.4 cm, olten smooth and shiny, rim thin. Seed compressed-ovoid, reddish
brown to grey-brown, more or less smooth, usually with 1-3 shallow, longitudinal furrows;
hilum ventral, central, not conspicuous.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Coolgardie, April and July 1899, R.
Helms s.n. (PERTH); Southern Cross, 19 May 1901, L. Diels s.n. (NSW); Cowcowing,
June, October 1904, M. Koch 986, 989 (PERI H); 70 miles N of Kurrawang, Sept. 1909,
J.H. Maiden s.n. (NSW); Korrelocking. 22 August 1920. C.A. Gardner 182 (PERTH);
Kumarl, May 1938, L.A. Horhury 40 (PERTH); North Bungulla, 2 May 1945, C.A.
Gardner s.n. (PERTH); Bullabulling. 31 May 1949, C.A. Gardner 9276 (PERTH); 12 miles
W of Zanthus, 26 Jan. 1956, R.D. Royce 5257 (PERTH); bank of Goddard Creek, 28
Jan. 1956. R.D. Royce 5361 (PERTH); Jumnania Rocks, W of Coonana, 29 Jan. 1956,
R.D. Royce 5373 (PERTH); 18 miles N or Norseman, 24 March 1962, K. Newhev 162
(PERTH); 18 miles E of Norseman, 29 May 1963, F.G. Smith 1646 (PERTH); 40 km S
of Coolgardie. 1 1 April 1966, P.G. Wilson 4092 (PERTH); 9 miles W of Karalee, 19 Sept.
1966, R. Filson 8940 (PERTH, MET); 26.3 miles N of Kalgoorlie, 9 March 1967, G.M
Chippendale 120 (FR1, PERTH); 9.2 miles SE of Coolgardie, II March 1967, G.M
Chippendale 139(FRI, PERTH); 1 mile S of Sandford Rock, 15 Jan. 1970. M.I.H. Brooker
2431 (PERTH); 10 miles N of Lake Varley, 4 Dec. 1970, K. Newhev 3332 (PERTH); 92
km E of Hyden. 3 Oct. 1975, D.F. B/axell W75/31 (NSW. CANB, K, PERTH, FR1); 21
km E of Karonie, 9 Nov. 1976, H. Demarz 6244 (PERTH); 44 km W of Coolgardie, 13
May 1978, G.J. Keighery 1740 (PERTH); 7 miles E of Yellowdine, 13 June 1978, J.W.
Green 4696 (PERJ H); c. 105 km SSW of Coolgardie, 19 Sept. 1979, M.D. Crisp 5932
(CBG, PERTH); 32 km SSW of Norseman, 13 March 1980, K. Newhev 6737 (PERTH);
25.7 km S of Koorda towards Wyalkatchem, 14Sept. 1982. M.I.H. Brooker 76 1 5 (PERTH,
ERI, NSW); 29.6 km S of Mollerin towards Koorda, 10 Jan. 1983, M.I H Brooker 7912
(PERTH, FRI. MEL, NSW).

Figure 1 1. Eucalyptus yilgarnensis. a Buds (from Kennecott s.n.). b Fruit (from Kennecott s.n.).

Distribution. Endemic to Western Australia in the northern wheatlands and Goldfields
area (Figure 8).

Discussion. Eucalyptus yilgarnensis is distinguished by the small, delicate pedicels, buds
and fruit. The buds sometimes resemble those of E. myriadena Brooker. The fruits are

370

Nuytsia Vol. 5. No. 3 (1986)

always barrel-shaped to slightly urceolate. The juvenile leaves are broad-lanceolate to ovate
and contrast with the narrower leaves of E. gracilis. Maiden (1918) had earlier recognised
the distinction in the juvenile leaves.

Notes on the informal “ Eucalyptus series Calycogonae ”

The “ Eucalyptus ser. Calycogonae ” is one of the eight mallee series with representatives
in both western and eastern Australia (east of Spencer Gulf). With 6 taxa it is one of the
smallest series. It is distinctive, its members being instantly recognisable among those of
the informal “ Eucalyptus sect. Bisectaria ” Pryor & Johnson (1971) by the possession of
staminodes. In flower these outer, long, barren filaments spread and become
characteristically twisted while the inner short stamens merely become erect in flower or
remain inflexed.

The series is further distinguished in “£. sect. Bisectaria" by the strongly glandular disc
of the buds and by the constriction at the base of the style. A similar constriction is also
seen in the unrelated E. loxophleba Benth. (Brooker 1972).

The series maintains the typical distribution pattern of the malices, i.e. a concentration
of species in the west with some in the east. In this case six taxa occur in the west where
four are endemic and the remaining two, E. gracilis and E. calycogona occur in both east
and west although in Western Australia, E. gracilis occurs only in the eastern part of the
State.

The absence of E. calycogona from most of New South Wales is surprising when it is
considered that there are habitats available which support several species in common with
the adjacent areas in Victoria, e.g. E. gracilis . E. socialis F. Muell. ex Miq., E. oleosa F.
Muell. ex Miq., E. dumosa A. Cunn. ex Schau.. E. leptophylla F. Muell. and E. incrassata
Labill. Site studies for E. gracilis and E. calycogona have not been made for their whole
range of distribution, but Parsons and Rowan (1968) found that in parts of eastern South
Australia and north western Victoria, E. calycogona occurs on heavier soils than E. gracilis.

It appears that E. gracilis was not known on Kangaroo Island until collected by M.D.
Crisp in 1971. I recently visited his collection site which is on the peninsula on the north
side of Pelican I ago on at the eastern end of the island. There the species occupies the
top of a coastal dune with much limestone rubble in the soil surface. The malices are tall,
up to 10 m, and the crown is distinctly terminal (it occurs in dense Melaleuca lanceolata
shrubbery) with prominently erect leaves. In this character and its coastal occurrence, it
is similar to E. gracilis var. erecta from Boston Island but 1 have not been able to discern
other characteristics that should result in the variety being accorded formal status.

In Eucalyptus , morphological distinctions between species of a series, compared with
the distinctions between series, between sections, and between subgenera, are frequently
blurred and may be attributable to their incomplete divergence. This is no less the case
with all six taxa of the “ E. ser. Calycogonae " than with the “£. ser. Foecundae" {E. ser.
Fruticosae Blakely), and E. ser. Ovulares (Brooker 1979. 1981). When such groups of
related species are subjected to conventional taxonomic treatment, the morphological
boundaries between taxa will always be somewhat subjective and may or may not be found
realistic when the group is reassessed with more material available. This became the case
with E. gracilis and E. yilgarnensis , where recent collections, field observations and seedling
trials have shown that these taxa are as distinct as many other species pairs among the
ntallees.

M.I.H. Brooker, Informal "Eucalyptus series Calycogonae" (E. series Aridae)

371

The problems of specific delimitation are greatest with the widely distributed species
such as E. leptophylla and E. gracilis which have undergone adaptive or gratuitous
morphological and presumably physiological changes. No doubt incipient speciation can
be observed in such forms as the E. leptophylla around Kurnarl and perhaps recent
speciation in E. fruticosa Brooker ( 1979). Some coastal forms of E. gracilis , e.g. near Port
Lincoln and on the south coast of Western Australia, which are slightly coarser in the
buds and fruit, and E. gracilis var. erecta (see above) may presage the selection of coastal
taxa derived from typical E. gracilis stock.

It is possible that gene exchange is constantly taking place between most of the
contiguous or sympatric taxa within the “E. ser. Calycogonae ” and “E. ser. Foecundae ”,
thus hindering the emergence of more distinctive forms under the existing selection regimes.
On the other hand, I know of no evidence that inter-series crossing is possible between
species of these series nor between species of the E. ser. Ovulares and species of any other
series in the informal “E. sect. Dumaria ” Pryor and Johnson (E. ser. Dumosae Blakely),
yet 1 have recently seen evidence (segregation in the FI progeny) of a hybrid between E.
redunca f sect. Bisect aria") x E. incrassata (“ sect. Dumaria’) showing that inter-sectional
crossing, though apparently extremely rare, does occur under natural conditions.

Acknowledgements

I am grateful to Barry Rockel for growing the seedlings, Gillian Crook for the drawings,
Maurie Woodward for the maps, Steve Hopper for comments on an early draft and to
Directors of many herbaria for access to the specimens.

References

Bentham, G. (1867). “Flora Australiensis” Vol. 3. (L. Reeve & Co.: London.)

Black, J.M. ( 1926). “Flora of South Australia" Part 3 (Govt. Printer: Adelaide.)

Black, J.M. (1952). “Flora of South Australia” Part 3, 2nd edn. (Govt. Printer: Adelaide.)

Blackall, W.E. (1954). “How to Know Western Australian Wild Flowers" Part I (ed. B.J. Grieve). (Univ. W.
Aust. Press: Perth.)

Blakely, W.F. ( 1934). “A Key to (he Eucalypls.” ( The Worker Trustees Sydney.)

Brooker. M.I.H. ( 1972). Four new taxa of Eucalyptus from Western Australia. Nuytsia 1: 242-253.

Brooker, M.I.H. ( 1979). A revision of the informal series Foecundae Pryor & Johnson of the genus Eucalyptus
L’Herit. and notes on the variation in the genus. Brunonia 2: 125-170.

Brooker, M.I.H ( 1981 ). A new series Ovulares of the genus Eucalyptus based on the subseries Ovularinae Pryor
and Johnson. Brunonia 4: 1-26.

Ewart, A.J . (1931). “Flora of Victoria.” (Govt. Printer: Melbourne.)

Gardner, C. A. ( 1931). “Enumeratio Plantarum Australiae Occidentalis” Part 3. (Govt. Printer: Perth.)

Maiden, J.H. (1903). “A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus'' Vol. I. (Govt. Printer: Sydney.)

Maiden, J.H. (1918). Notes on Eucalyptus. No. VI. Proc. Roy. Soc. New South Wales 52: 489.

Maiden. J.H. (1917-1920). “A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus" Vol. 4. (Govt. Printer: Sydney.)
Mueller, F. (1879-1884). "Eucalyplographia.” (Govt. Printer: Melbourne.)

Parsons, R.F. and Rowan, J.N. ( 1968), Edaphic range and cohabitation of some mallee eucalypts in south eastern
Australia. Aust. J Bot 16: 109-116.

Pryor, L.D. and Johnson, L.A.S. (1971). “A Classification of the Eucalypts.” (Aust. Natl. Univ.: Canberra.)

Turczaninow, N. (1852). Myrtaceae xerocarpicae. in Nova Hoilandia A cl. Drumond (sic!) lectae et plerumque
in collcctione ejus quinta distributae, determinatae et descriptae. Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci.
Saint-Petersbourg 10: 338. x-

Willis, J.H. ( 1967). Typification of eight Victorian species names in Eucalyptus. Muelleria I: 165-68.

Willis. J.H. (1973). “A Handbook to Plants in Victoria” Vol. 2. (Mclb. Univ. Press: Melbourne.)

Nuytsia 5(3): 373-380 (1986)

373

Eucalyptus ferriticola and E. pilbarensis (Myrtaceae), two new species
from the Pilbara region of Western Australia

M. I. H. Brooker 1 and W. B. Edgecombe 2

1 CSIRO Division of Forest Research. Private Bag, Wembley. Western Australia 6014
2 Forests Department, P.O. Box 53, Karratha, Western Australia 6714

Abstract

Brooker, M.I.H. and Edgecombe, W. B. Eucalyptus ferriticola and E. pilbarensis ( Myrtaceae), two new species
from the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Nuytsia 513): 373-380 (1986). Eucalyptus ferriticola and E.
pilbarensis (Myrtaceae). two new species occurring in the Pilbara region of Western Australia (E. ferriticola also
occurs at Mt Augustus to the south-west of the Pilbara) are described and illustrated. E. ferriticola belongs in
the informal subgenus BlaksUa Pryor and Johnson, its closest ally being E. aspera F. Mucll,, and E. pilbarensis
belongs in the informal subgenus Symphyomvrtus (Schauer) Pryor and Johnson, its closest ally being E. trivalvis
Blakely.

Descriptions

1. Eucalyptus ferriticola Brooker and Edgecombe, sp. nov. (Figures 1 and 2)

Eucalypto asperae F. Muell. affinis a qua statura generaliter inferiore, cortice chlorino
vel subroseo, foliis juvenilibus petiolatis, foliis in arbore summa adultis, laevibus, et
habitatione rupestri differt.

With affinity to E. aspera F. Muell. from which it differs in its lower stature, greenish
or pinkish bark, petiolate juvenile leaves, the development of smooth adult leaves in the
mature crown and strong adaptation to harsh rocky sites.

Typus: Wittenoom Gorge (22° 17'S, 1 18° 19'E), 30 October 1983, M.I.H. Brooker 83 14 and
W.B. Edgecombe ( holo: PERTH; iso: FR1, NSW, MEL, K).

Tree or mallee up to 8 m tall, bark smooth, greenish in winter, pinkish in early summer,
lignotuberous. Cotyledons reniform, up to 0.8 x 1.2 cm. Seedling leaves opposite for 1
or 2 pairs, shortly petiolate, elliptical, up to 2 x 1 cm. Juvenile leaves opposite for an
indefinite number of pairs, petiolate, ovate, up to 7 x 3 cm, dull, light green, with prominent,
pinnate venation. Seedling stems and underside of midribs with bristle glands. Adult leaves
alternating*, petiolate, narrow-lanceolate to lanceolate, up to 10 x 1.5 cm, dull grey-green,
smooth, sometimes tapering to a long fine point. Inflorescences axillary, compound; rachis
short, bearing crowded, many-flowered bud clusters. Buds shortly pedicellate, clavate, up
to 0.5 x 0.4 cm; outer operculum thin, breaking into fragments and shed imperfectly during
bud development leaving a ragged scar; inner operculum hemispherical. Stamens all fertile,
inflexed in bud. Anthers versatile, dorsifixed. oblong, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary
3-locular; ovules in up to 4 vertical rows. Fruit shortly pedicellate, cupular, cylindrical
or slightly barrel-shaped, up to 0.9 x 0.7 cm, thin walled; rim thin; disc steeply descending,
valves broad, sunken. Seed reddish brown, patelliform, thin; hilum ventral.

Leaf arrangement is apparently alternate by elongation at the nodes (Jacobs 1955)

374

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986).

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Figure 1. Photograph of holotype of Eucalyptus ferrilicola (PERTH ex FRI).

M.l.H. Brooker and W.B. Edgecombe, Eucalyptus ferrilicola and E. pilbarensis 375

Figure 2. Eucalyptus ferrilicola. a Buds, b Fruit
From type collection.

Distribution. Hamerslevand Ophthalmia Ranges. Mt Augustus, Western Australia ( Figure

3).

Flowering period. Flowers November-December.

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Hamersley Gorge (22°15'S,

1 18°00'E), 29 September 1969. M.l.H. Brooker 2169 (PERTH); Ophthalmia Range
(23°I7'S, 1I9°42'E), 4 July 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8196 and W.B. Edgecombe (FRI,
PERTH, NSW, MEL, DNA); Round Hill, west of Capricornia roadhouse (23°27'S,

1 19°46'E). 5 July 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8199 and W.B. Edgecombe { FRI. PERTH, NSW.
AD, Karratha College); north of Mt Newman (23°I6'S. I19°33'E), 6 July 1983, M.l.H.
Brooker 8212 and W.B. Edgecombe ( FRI, PER T H. NSW. MEL, BRI); Hamersley Gorge
(22° 15'S, 1 18°00'E), 8 July 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8233 and W.B. Edgecombe (FRI,
PERTH, NSW, MEL., DNA): 1.7 km from Wittenoom-Tom Price road on road to
Hamersley Gorge, 8 July 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8237 and W.B. Edgecombe (FRI, PERTH,
NSW, MEL, AD); Mt Augustus (24°20'S I 16°51'E), 19 August 1983, S.D. Hopper 3146
(PERTH); Mt Nameless (22°43'S, I I7°45'E), 31 October 1983, M.l.H Brooker 8316 and
W.B. Edgecombe (FR I, PERTH, NSW, MEL, Karratha College).

The Latin name refers to the habitat which characterises its distribution in the iron-
rich Pilbara area.

Discussion. Eucalyptus ferrilicola has a widespread though sporadic distribution in the
Pilbara region, from Mt Nameless in the west to the Ophthalmia Range north of Newman
in the east, a distance of about 200 km. It usually occurs as isolated trees and is almost
wholly confined to gorges and more or less vertical slopes of mesas where it is often found
anchored to and emerging from crevices of ironstone which are otherwise bare of
vegetation.

At Mt Nameless it occurs near the top at about 1000 m elevation where the rock is from
the Dales Gorge member of the Brockman Iron Formation.

It occurs on similar rock formations in the Ophthalmia Range at about 500-550 m
elevation where it is associated with E. leucophloia Brooker, Ficus plat) poda { Miq.) Miq..
Astrotricha hamptonii F. Muell. (“iron ore plant”), Eremophila sp. and Triodia sp. It also

376

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Figure 3. Distribution of Eucalyptus ferriticola.

grows on the steep upper slopes of mesas at about 700-800 m elevation between Hamersley
Gorge and the Wittenoom-Tom Price road, where it occurs above a pure stand of E.
pilharensis Brooker & Edgecombe.

Hamersley Gorge itself has been formed by the south branch of the Fortescue River
cutting through the Hamersley Range revealing the Ml Sylvia Formation and Wittenoom
Dolorite. huealyplits ferriticola occurs as small trees on the rocky floor of the gorge with
/;. camaldulensi.s Dehnh. and Melaleuca leucaclenclra (L.) L. The upper extension of
Hamersley Gorge to the south has been formed through a colluvium layer at least 40 m
deep and the substrate is red clay/ silt material with chert pebbles derived from Ml McRae
shale and Dales Gorge member. Here the floor of the gorge and the lateral valleys running
into it support well developed Eferriticola to 8 m in height.

At Mt Augustus E. ferriticola occurs on lower and mid slopes and steep gullies on the
northern and western sides at about 700-900 m elevation. The rock is granite and the
associated tree species are Acacia uneura F. Muell. and A. pruinocarpa M. Tindale.

I he axillary compound inflorescences, early loss of the outer operculum, inflexed
stamens, oblong anthers, thin-walled fruit and patelliform seed clearly place E. ferriticola
in the informal subgenus Blakella" Pryor and Johnson (1971).

2. Eucalyptus pilbarensis Brooker and Edgecombe, sp. nov. (Figures 4 and 5)

Eucalypto trivalvi Blakely affinis a qua cortice semper laevi, foliis juvenilibus
consistentem ovatis, adultis viridibus moderate nitidis, et alabastris fructibusque plus
minusve sessilibus et saepe majoribus differt.

377

M.l.H. Brooker and W.B. Edgecombe, Eucalyptus ferriticola and E. pilbarensis

With affinity to E. triva/vis Blakely from which it differs in always having smooth bark,
consistently ovate juvenile leaves, green moderately glossy adult leaves, and buds and fruit
more or less sessile and often larger.

Typus: Base of mesa west of Hamersley Gorge (22°15'S. 1 17°59'E), 8 July 1983, M.l.H.
Brooker 8236 and W.B. Edgecombe ( holo: PERTH; iso: FR1, NSW, MEL, K).

Mallee up to 4 m tall; bark smooth, grey or pinkish grey or whitish grey; lignotuberous.
Pith of branchlets glandular. Cotyledons bisected; lobes broad, diverging at a wide angle.
Seedling leaves opposite for 1 or 2 pairs, petiolate, elliptical, up to 3.5 x 1.5 cm, dull blue-
green. Juvenile leaves alternating, petiolate, ovate, up to 8 x 5 cm, dull green, many with
purple pigmentation on underside, with imperfect, supra-basal side veins. Adult leaves
petiolate. alternating, narrow-lanceolate, lanceolate or slightly falcate, up to 12x2 cm,
green, moderately glossy, densely reticulate. Inflorescences axillary, simple, 7-flowered;
peduncles flattened, up to 1.2 cm long. Buds sessile or very shortly pedicellate, broadly
fusiform to clavate, up to 1.6 x 0.6 cm; operculum conical to hemispherical, outer
operculum shed early and scar present. Stamens all fertile, variously flexed in bud or
strongly inflexed. Anthers versatile, dorsifixed, oblong, opening by longitudinal slits. Ovary
3- or 4-locular. Ovules in 4 vertical rows. Fruit more or less sessile, cylindrical to obconical,
up to 1 .5 x 0.9 cm; rim moderately thin; disc steeply descending; valves sunken. Seed brown,
ellipsoid to ovoid, slightly flattened, with shallow reticulum; hilum ventral.

Distribution. In the Hamersley Range at medium to high altitudes and also near Roy Hill,
Western Australia (Figure 6).

Flowering period. Flowers in July.

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Hamersley Gorge (22° 15'S,

1 18°00'E), 28. 29 September 1969. M.l.H. Brooker 2152. 2153. 2154,’ 2162 (PERTH); 54
miles N of Shepherd’s roadhouse towards Roy Hill, 21 April 1974, M.l.H. Brooker 4556,
4557 ( FR I. PERTH); Mt Nameless (22°43'S, fl 7°45'E), 8 July 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8221,
8222, 8223, 8229 and W.B. Edgecombe (FR1, PERTH. NSW, MEL, AD); Hamersley
Gorge (22° 15'S. I I8°00'E), 8 July 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8234. 8235 and W.B. Edgecombe
(FRI, PERTH, NSW, DNA, Karratha College); Mt Nameless (22°43'S, I17°45'E), 31
October 1983, M.l.H. Brooker 8315 and W.B. Edgecombef FRI, PERTH, NSW, Karratha
College).

Discussion. Eucalyptus pilbarensis has a more restricted distribution than E. ferriticola
and has only been found at Mt Nameless, near Hamersley Gorge, near Mt Brockman and
near Roy Hill. Unlike E. ferriticola it occurs in small populations. On Mt Nameless it occurs
on the slopes as well as the top at about 800-1000 m in elevation. The summit of Mt
Nameless bears a remarkable number of eucalypt species, viz. E. gamophvlla F. MuelL,

E. affin. terminalis F, Muelf, E. lucasii Blakely, E. kingsmillii Maiden & Blakely, E. socialis

F. Muell. ex Miq., E. affin. patellaris F. MuelL, E. leucophloia Brooker, F. affin. setosa
Schau., E. striaticalyx W. Fitzg., E. ferriticola Brooker & Edgecombe and E. pilbarensis
Brooker & Edgecombe. Cassia sp. and Triodia sp. are also abundant.

Near Hamersley Gorge E. pilbarensis occurs on scree slopes derived from shale and
banded chert of the McRae and Mt Sylvia Formations respectively. The species occurs
in more or less pure stands with E. ferriticola higher on the mesa cliff faces and with
scattered trees of E. leucophloia on the surrounding slopes.

JTe simple axillary inflorescences, bi-operculate buds, oblong anthers, bisected
cotyledons, glandular pith, non-waxy straight-sided fruit, and elliptical to ovate seed with

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

f

&*#*&**

Figure 4. Photograph of holotype of Eucalyptus pilbarensis.

M.I.H. Brooker and W.B. Edgecombe, Eucalyptus ferriticola and E. pilharensis

Figure 5. Eucalyptus pilbarensis. a Buds, b and c Fruit,
a and b from holotype. b from Brooker 8221.

379

1 17° 30 118' 1 18° 30" 1 19 c 119°30' 120°

Figure 6. Distribution of Eucalyptus pilbarensis.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

a shallow reticulum place E. pilbarensis in subgenus Symphyomyrtus sect. Bisectaria,
series Accedences ” of the informal classification of Pryor and Johnson (1971).

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Mary Deighton of Newman for showing us E. ferriticola in the
Ophthalmia Range, Barry Rockel for growing seedlings, Gillian Crook for the drawings,
David Holmes for the maps. Bill van Aken for photography of the holotypes, and Ken
Walker for supplying flowering material.

References

Pryor. L. D. and Johnson, L. A. S. (1971). "A Classification of the Eucalypts.” (Australian National University
Canberra.)

Jacobs, M. R. (1955). “Growth Habits of the Eucalypts.” (Forestry and Timber Bureau: Canberra.)

Nuytsia 5(3): 381-390 ( 1986)

381

Eucalyptus ceracea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophylla (Myrtaceae), three
new species in the Kimberley Division of Western Australia

M. I. H. Brooker 1 and C. C. Done 2

I CSIRO Division of Forest Research, Private Bag, P.O. Wembley, Western Australia 6014
2 Forests Department, P.O. Box 242, Kununurra, Western Australia 6743

Abstract

Brooker, M.I.H. and Done, C.C. Eucalyptus cetacea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophylla (Myrtaceae), three new
species in the Kimberley Division of Western Australia. Nuytsia 5(3): 381-390(1986). three new species occurring
in the Kimberley Division of Western Australia, /:. ceracea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophylla are described and
illustrated. A brief account of eucalypt collecting and publications concerning eucalypts in the Kimberley area
is also given-

introduction

No systematic survey of the eucalypts of the Kimberley Division (Mulcahy & Bettenay
1972) has ever been made. Various specimens have been collected since the early nineteenth
century and two of the earliest known collections, i.e. those of Allan Cunningham from
along the coast in 1820, include types. These are Cunningham 241 1820 ( E . miniata Cunn.
ex Schauer) from York Sound, and Cunningham 242 1 820 ( /.. davigera Cunn. ex Schauer)
from Careening Bay.

I he next significant expeditions in the region for the collection of eucalypts, were those
ol W.V. Fitzgerald in 1905 and 1906. From specimens collected by Fitzgerald and in some
cases named and/or described by him, the following species were published, E. houseana
W.V. Fitzg. ex Maiden (1915), E. confluens W.V. Fitzg. ex Maiden (1915), E. argillacea
W.V. Fitzg. in Maiden (1918), E. diftoniana W.V. Fitzg. in Maiden (1919) (syn. E.
pyrophora Benth.), E. lirala'W.V. Fitzg. ex Maiden ( 1920), E. collina W .V . Fitzg. in Maiden
(1923), E. perplexa Maiden & Blakely in Maiden (1929) (syn. E. jensenii Maiden), E.
macropoda Blakely (1934) (syn. E. collina ), E. zygophyUa Blakely ( 1934), and E. fitzgeraldii
Blakely ( 1934).

Two new eucalypts were named from Kimberley collections made by C.A. Gardner in
1921, viz. E. herbertiana Maiden (1923) and E. arenaria Blakely (1934).

Since Gardner's expedition, only one new Eucalyptus species has been published from
collections made in the Kimberley Division. This is E. cupularis Gardner (1964) which
was described from specimens collected by its author in 1951. There are two other species
occurring in the Kimberley area which were apparently not known by their authors at the
time of publication to occur in the region. These are E. apodophylla Blakely & Jacobs
(Blakely 1934) and E. abbreviata Blakely & Jacobs (Blakely 1934) which were described
from populations in the Northern Territory.

The only specifically taxonomic treatment of the Kimberley eucalypts is that of Blake
(1953) who cited remarkably few specimens from the Kimberley Division. His treatment
was primarily concerned with the Northern Territory, therefore he excluded the Western

382

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Australian endemics, E. col/ina , E. lirata and E. houseana. He included another endemic,
E. zygophylla Blakely, only because his treatments of the Eucalyptus series Clavigerae
(Maiden) S. Blake and Corymbosae (Benth.) Maiden (“E. subg. Blakella ” and subg.
Corymbia ” respectively of Pryor and Johnson’s 1971 informal classification) were
essentially revisions of both groups.

Pryor and Johnson ( 1971 ), in effect, reviewed many of Blake’s conclusions on the status
and synonymies of the Kimberley species. In their classification they recognised about 40
species in the region. Since then no new species for the region have been published and
no published species from elsewhere have been found to extend to the area.

In 1972-1974, twenty nine species of Eucalyptus from the Kimberley Division were
treated in the Commonwealth Forestry and Timber Bureau’s Forest Tree Series Leaflets
(Hall and Brooker 1972-1974, Turnbull and Hall 1973).

In recent years important collections have been made by A.S. George (1974-1978) and
K.F. Kenneally ( 1974-1984). These were reported in the results of comprehensive biological
surveys of the Prince Regent River Reserve (Miles & Burbidge 1975) and the Drysdale
River National Park (Kabay & Burbidge 1977) in which they listed 15 and 31 eucalypt
species respectively. In the former publication, the specimen, A.S. George 12839, is the
earliest known collection of E. rupestris which is described in this paper.

The recent book by Petheram and Kok (1983) includes descriptions and illustrations
of 30 species of eucalypts. It is the most comprehensive treatment of Kimberley eucalypts
so lar published, although the omission of E. cupularis appears to be an error.

In the last few years further access to remote areas and critical examination of eucalypts
in better-known areas have resulted in the discovery of several new-- species. We describe
three new species in this paper. A fourth new species in the Kimberley Division is currently
being described by C.R. Dunlop and C.C. Done. Insufficient information and material
have prevented us from deciding on the status of some additional populations. These
include a taxon with an obvious affinity to E. microtheca, and also a taxon belonging
to Pryor & Johnson’s informal “ Eucalyptus subgenus Blakella ”.

Descriptions of new species

Eucalyptus ceracea Brooker & Done, sp. nov. (Figures I and 2)

Eucalypto phoeniceae affinis a qua statura constanter inferiore, foiiis arboris maturae
omnino juvenilibus, et arbore tota (cortice excepto) pruinosa differt.

Typus : 33 km south-east of King George Falls, Kimberley district of Western Australia
( 14° 18'S, 1 27°29'E), 14 July 1982, C. Done 61 2 (holo: PERTH; iso: FRI, NSW).

Small tree up to 3 m tall with yellow, flaky, fibrous bark. Cotyledons reniform, petioles
ascending, hypocotyl very short or apparently absent. Stems in seedling and juvenile plants
hairy. Seedling leaves decussate, sessile, 1 or 2 pairs, elliptical, up to 2 x 1 cm, slightly
hairy. Juvenile leaves decussate, very shortly petiolate, many pairs, ovate, up to 4.5 x 3
cm, densely hairy, glaucous. Crown of mature tree entirely of sessile, glaucous juvenile
leaves. Inflorescences simple, axillary, to 9-flowered; all inflorescence structures covered
with white wax. Peduncles stout, flattened, up to 3 cm long. Buds on short stout pedicels,
clavate or pyriform, up to 1.6 x 0.7 cm, prominently glandular, with a single, obtusely
conic to hemispherical operculum which is somewhat lobed at summit. Stamens all fertile,
indexed in bud, bright orange at flowering. Anthers versatile, dorsifixed, oblong to ovoid,
opening by parallel, longitudinal slits. Ovules in 4 vertical rows. Fruit very shortly

M.I.H. Brooker and C.C. Done, Eucalyptus ceracea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophylla

383

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Figure 1. Holotype of Eucalyptus ceracea {Done 612).

384

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)
pedicellate, cylindrical to barrel-shaped, usually narrowed towards the rim into a neck,
up to 2.2 x 1.3 cm; loculi 2(3). Seed light reddish brown, oval to flattish, smooth or with
a few wrinkles, hilum ventral, central.

Figure 3. Distribution of Eucalyptus ceracea, E. rupestris, E. chlorophylla

385

M.I.H. Brooker and C.C. Done, Eucalyptus ceracea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophylla

Other specimen examined. Type locality, 1 Nov. 1982 M.I.H. Brookerlll\ (FRI PERTH
NSW).

Distribution. Known only from the type locality where it occurs as a small pure population
covering about 1 hectare half way up the north face of a ridge (Figure 3).

Flowering period. August-November.

Etymology. The specific epithet alludes to the extreme waxiness of the whole plant.

Affinities. 1 he seedlings, mature bark, buds, flowers and fruits closely resemble those of
E. phoenicea. E. cerac ea is usually a smaller tree and differs strikingly in the entirelyjuvenile
crown and conspicuously glaucous upper axis, leaves, buds and fruit. In the informal
classification of Pryor & Johnson (1971), the species would be placed adjacent to E.
phoenicea in the informal “£. subgenus Eudesmia , sect. Apicaria" ( E . ser. Miniatae
Blakely).

Notes. Eucalyptus ceracea is a small tree of striking appearance due to its yellow flaky
bark, extreme white waxiness of the leaves, buds and fruits, and orange flowers. It has
obvious potential as an ornamental plant. It occurs on the northern face of the Seppelt
Range among jumbled boulders of coarse grained quartz sandstone. The understorey is
of spinifex ( Plectrachne sp.) and associated tree species include Eucalyptus tectifica and
Erythrophleum chlorostachys (F. Muell.) Baill. We suggest the common name “Seppelt
Range Gum”.

Eucalyptus rupestris Brooker & Done, sp. nov. (Figures 4 and 5)

Arbor ad 5 m alta, cortice laevi albido. Folia plantularum petiolata. Folia adulta petiolis
gracilibus elliptica vel lato-lanceolata, ad 7 x 2.5 cm, pallido-virentia, hebetia.
Inflorescentiae axillares, 7(9) floribus. Peduneuli graciles, breves. Fructus breviter
pedicellati, cylindrici, ad 0.5 x 0.3 cm.

Tvpus. Prince Regent River Reserve (I5°32'S, 125°13'E), Western Australia, 30 August
1974, A.S. George 12839 (holo: PERTH; iso: FRI)

Tree up to 5 m tall with smooth, very powdery light orange-white bark, sometimes black-
spotted. Cotyledons reniform. Seedling leaves decussate, petiolate, 2 or 3 pairs, ovate to
spathulate, up to 1.5 x 1 cm. Juvenile leaves decussate, petiolate, many pairs, orbicular,
up to 4 x 4 cm. Adult leaves alternating, on slender petioles to 2 cm long, elliptical to
broad-lanceolate, up to 7 x 2.5 cm, thin, dull light green, concolorous. Inflorescences
simple, axillary, 7(9)-flowered, rarely clustered on leafless, apparently terminal shoots.
Peduncles slender, up to 0.4 cm long. Very young buds clavate to ovoid; outer operculum
shed as fragments, inner operculum obtusely conical. Mature buds not seen. Fruit shortly
pedicellate, cylindrical (sometimes slightly contracted near the rim to form a short neck),
up to 0.5 x 0.3 cm; loculi 3; rim thin; disc steeply descending. Seed dark brown, irregular
in shape, mostly elongated, flattish, with one end pointed, with a shallow reticulum on
the dorsal side, hilum ventral, central.

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Glider Gorge, Carson
Escarpment, Drysdale River National Park (+ 14°49'S, 126°49'E), 10 August 1975, A.S.
George 13646 (CANB, PERTH); top of Carson Escarpment at Coucal Gorge, Drysdale
River N.P. (± 15°02'S, 126°49'E), 15 August 1975, A.S. George 13870, 13872 (CANB,
PERTH); Euro Gorge, Drysdale River N.P. (15°03'S, 126°44'E), 17 August 1975, K.F.
Kenneally 4399 (CANB, PER'l H); Morgan Falls. Worriga Gorge, Drysdale River N.P.
(± 1 5°02'S, 126°40'E), 19 August 1975, A.S. George 14073 (CANB, PERTH); 49 km west

386

Nuytsia Vol. 5. No. 3 ( 1986)

Figure 4. Holotype of Eucalyptus rupistris (A.S. George 12839).

M.l.H. Brooker and C.C. Done, Eucalyptus ceracea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophylla

387

Figure 5. Fruit of Eucalyptus rupestris ( Done 653).

of Mt Elizabeth Station (new) (16°09'S, 125°59'E), 30 Oct. 1982, M.l.H. Brooker 7763
(FR1, NSW, PERTH); 17.5 km west of Hann River crossing west of Mt Elizabeth Station
(new) ( 1 6° 15'S. 1 26°05'E), 30 Oct. 1982, M.l.H. BrookerllM. 7765 (FRI, NSW, PERTH);
Mitchell Falls (14° 49'S, 125°41'E), 29 June 1983, C. Done 653 (PERTH).

Distribution. Kimberley Division of Western Australia. Currently known only from the
Prince Regent River, Caroline Ranges and Mitchell River areas of the northern part of
the Kimberley Division (Figure 3).

Flowering period. March-July.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the rocky situation in which the new species has
always been found.

Affinities. Without mature buds and Rowers, we cannot be certain of the natural affinity
of E. rupestris. The buds are bi-operculate. The most cursory observation of the trees
eliminates any affinity with two bi-operculate subgeneric groups, viz. “ Blakella" and
“ Corymbia ”, of the informal Pryor and Johnson classification (1971). This conclusion is
substantiated by examination of the seeds of E. rupestris which have no morphological
similarities with the patelliform seeds of "Btakella" and the winged seeds of “Corymbia".
In habit, habitat and bark, E. rupestris resembles E. umbrawarrensis Maiden but close
examination distinguishes it by its orbicular seedling leaves (ovate in E. umbrawarrensis)
and dull, elliptical to broad-lanceolate adult leaves (glossy, narrowly lanceolate in E.
umbrawarrensis). The fruit of the two species are similar although the fruit pedicels in
E. umbrawarrensis are more prominent.

Notes. Eucalyptus rupestris grows in association with Eucalyptus papuana F. Muell., E.
brachyandra F. Muell. and E. herbertiana Maiden on deep or skeletal sandy soils in areas
of massive sandstone. Whilst the known distribution is restricted to the areas cited, it is
likely that the species occurs widely within largely inaccessible areas of sandstone in the
northern part of the Kimberley Division. We suggest the common name “Prince Regent
Gum”.

388

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

f-ksfoljf

Figure 6. Holotype of Eucalyptus chlorophylla (M.I.H. Brooker 7736).

389

M.I.H. Brooker and C.C. Done, Eucalyptus ceracea, E. rupestris and E. chlorophylla

Eucalyptus chlorophylla Brooker & Done, sp. nov. (Figures 6 and 7).

Eucalypto argillaceae affinis a qua foliis adultis angustioribus et prasinis et alabastris
fructibusque parvioribus et non-glaucis differt.

Typus. c. 15 km south-east of Kununurra on Katherine road (15°45'S, I28°45'E), Western
Australia, 25 Oct. 1982, M.I.H. Brooker 7736 (holo: PERTH, iso: DNA, FRI, NSW).

Tree up to 5 m tall with bleached, whitish to yellowish grey box bark up to the small
limbs. Cotyledons reniform. Seedling leaves decussate, petiolate, 2 or 3 pairs, linear to
lanceolate, up to 3 x 0.8 cm. Juvenile leaves descussate, petiolate, many pairs, lanceolate
to broad-lanceolate, up to 9 x 2.3 cm. Adult leaves alternating, petiolate, narrow-lanceolate
or falcate, up to 18x2 cm, bright shining green, concolorous. Inflorescences terminal
panicles. Peduncle up to I cm long subtending 7 flowers. Immature buds on long pedicels,
broadly fusiform, outer operculum shed early in bud development. Stamens (seen only
in immature bud): outer erect, inner indexed. Anthers (seen only in immature bud) adnate,
more or less globular with terminal gland. Fruit on long pedicels, obconical or campanulate,
up to 0.8 x 0.5 cm; loculi 3 or 4; rim thick; disc prominent, level and just below rim or
sloping inwards towards broad-based, but strongly exserted valves. Seed dark brown,
irregular, dattish, many pointed at one end, dorsal side with shallow reticulum, hilum
ventral, central.

Other specimen examined. Type locality (15°50'S, 128°45'E), 5 Sept. 1983, C. Done 658
(BRI, FRI, NSW, PERTH).

Distribution. The population from which the type was collected is of up to 20 individuals
growing adjacent to the Duncan Highway (Figure 3). Eucalyptus chlorophylla may be
widely distributed in the Kimberley Division extending as far west as the Erskine Range
(C.C. Done personal observations). Discussions with Dr L.A.S. Johnson suggest that the
same species occurs in adjacent parts of the Northern Territory.

Flowering period. July-October.

Etymology. The specific epithet alludes to the unusual leaf colour for eucalypts of this
region.

Affinities. The bi-operculate buds and adnate anthers place E. chlorophylla in Pryor &
Johnson’s informal “£. subgenus Symphyomyrtus ” sect. Adnataria (E. sect.
Poranthoroideae Maiden). Jhe prominent disc of the fruit places it with the northern boxes,
viz. “£. ser. Oliganthae subser. Oliganthinae" of the Pryor and Johnson (1971) classification
(E. ser. Buxeales Blakelvt

l cm

1 cm

a 1 1 i

Figure 7. Eucalyptus chlorophylla a Buds (Done 667). b Fruit ( Done 667).

b

390

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Notes. E. chlorophylla occurs on sandy soil with lateritic gravel in a depression which is
seasonally moist. It is easily separated from all other box species in the Kimberley, viz.
E. patellaris , E. oligantha Schau., E. microtheca, E. tectifica, E. argitlacea , by the bright
green shiny leaves. It grows near E. ferruginea Schauer, E. letrodonta F. Muell., E. tectifica
and Erythrophleum chlorostachys. There is an understorey of canegrass ( Sorghum sp.).
We suggest the common name “Green-leaf Box”.

Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Ian Scott for his assistance in the field, Barry Rockel for growing
the seedlings, Gillian Crook for the drawings, David Holmes for the maps, and Bill van
Aken for the photography of the holotypes.

References

Blake, S.T. (1953). Studies on northern Australian species of Eucalyptus. Austral. .J. Bot. 1: 185-352.

Blackely, W.F. ( 1934). “A Key to the Eucalypts." (The Worker Trustees: Sydney.)

Gardner, C.A. (1964). Contributiones Florae Australiae Occidentalis. J. Roy. Soc. W. Austral. 47: 54-64.

Hall, N. & Brooker, M.l. H. ( 1972-1974). Forest Tree Series Leaflets Nos. 41-43, 45-50, 61-63, I 16-120, 162-165,
171-172, 177. (Austral. Govt. Publ. Serv.: Canberra.)

Kabay, F . D. & Burbidge, A. A. ( 1977). A biological survey of the Drysdale River National Park, North Kimberley,
Western Australia in August 1975. Wild!. Res. Bull. W. Australia 6: 1-133.

Maiden, J.H. (1915). Notes on Eucalyptus (with descriptions of new species). No. IV. .1. Roy. Soc. N.S.W. 49:
309-331.

Maiden, J.H. (1918). Crit. Revis. Eucalyptus 4(5): 111-135. (Government Printer: Sydney.)

Maiden, J.H. (1919). Crit. Revis. Eucalyptus 4(8): 201-237. (Government Printer: Sydney.)

Maiden, J.H. (1920). Crit. Revis. Eucalyptus 5(4): 120-160. (Government Printer: Sydney.)

Maiden, J.H. (1923). Crit. Revis. Eucalyptus 6(8): 419-494. (Government Printer: Sydney.)

Maiden. J.H. (1929). Crit. Revis. Eucalyptus 8(1): 1-68. (Government Printer: Sydney.)

Miles, J.M. & Burbidge, A. A. (1975). A biological survey of the Prince Regent River Reserve, North-west
Kimberley, Western Australia in August, 1974. Wildl. Res. Bull. W. Australia 3: 1-1 16.

Mulcahy, M..I. & Bettenay, E. (1972). Soil and landscape studies in Western Australia. (I) The major drainage
divisions. J. Geol. Soc. Australia 18(4): 349-357.

Petheram, R.J. & Kok, B. (1983). "Plants of the Kimberley Region of Western Australia.” (Univ. W. Australia
Press : Nedlands.)

Pryor, L.D. & Johnson, L.A.S. (1971). “A Classification of the Eucalypts.” (Aust. Natl. Univ. Press: Canberra.)
Turnbull, J. W. & Hall, N. ( 1973). Forest Tree Series Leaflets Nos. 101-105. (Austral. Govt. Publ. Serv. : Canberra.)

Nuytsia 5(3): 391-400 (1986)

391

Five endangered new species of Myoporaceae
from south-western Australia

R.J. Chinnock

State Herbarium of South Australia, Botanic Gardens, Adelaide, South Australia 5000

Abstract

C hi n nock. R.J . Five endangered new species of Myoporaceae from south-western Australia. N uytsia 5(3): 39 1 -
400 ( 1986). Five new species ol Myoporaceae, namely Myoporum turhinatum, Eremophila compressa. E. lactea,
E. nivea and E. veriicillara are described and illustrated. All species are restricted to relatively small areas within
agricultural or potential agricultural regions and arc therefore considered to be at serious risk.

Introduction

Under the provisions of the Western Australian Wildlife Act 1950-1979 one hundred
Western Australian plants were listed in the Government Gazette on November 14th, 1980
as rare flora. The two Eremophila species listed, namely /:. virens and E. denticulata , occur
in the South-West Botanical Province (Beard 1980) and are known from relatively few
populations. E. virens, for example, is known only from one small population of a few
hundred individuals.

On March 12th, 1982, a further 36 species were added to, and 4 deleted from the gazetted
rare flora schedule. In this listing Eremophila injlata. E. merrallii, E. microtheca, E.
resinosa, E. serpens, E. viscicla and Myoporum sa/soloides were added and these, like the
previously gazetted Myoporaceae, were confined to the South-West Botanical Province
and known from relatively few populations. Individual accounts of these rare species are
provided by Rye & Hopper ( 1981 ) and Patrick & Hopper (1982).

In addition to the 9 Myoporaceae already gazetted as rare flora in Western Australia
I have been aware for some time of another 5 species which, in my opinion, should be
added to the rare flora schedule as soon as possible. Like those species already gazetted,
these species are confined to the South-West Botanical Province in existing agricultural
lands or in areas where active vegetation clearance for agricultural expansion is occurring.

Although I will be producing a monograph of the Myoporaceae in the next few years,

I consider it appropriate to publish these new species at this stage so that their consideration
for gazettal as rare flora can proceed without delay.

Species descriptions
1. Eremophila compressa Chinnock, sp. nov. (Figure I)

Frutex ramis tuberculatis glabris; foliis alternis ellipticis obovatis usque oblanceolatis,
obtusis, integris vel 2-3-dentibus prope apicem, glabris vel pilis glanduliferis in marginibus
dispersis; corolla crema extra glabra, lobis acutis vel obtusis; staminihus inclusis, glabris;
fructu sicco compresso, bicylindrico, obtuso, glabro.

Typus: R.J. Chinnock 4988, 11.x. 1979 (holo: AD; iso: CANB, K, MEL, MO, NSW,
PERTH).

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Erect, often spindly shrub, 0,8-2 m tall. Branches terete, light to dark-brown, prominently
tuberculate, glabrous, obscurely glandular-papillose, viscid at apices. Leaves sessile,
alternate, erect and often obscuring branch, mid-green, often tinged purplish along
margins, elliptic, obovate to oblanceolate, (6)8-16(21) x 2-7 mm, obtuse, but with a small
mucro, margins entire or with two to three prominent teeth towards the apex, surfaces
smooth or obscurely tuberculate, glabrous or occasionally with scattered glandular hairs
along margins, slightly viscid at least when immature. Flowers I or 2 per axil; pedicel 1-
3.5 mm long, straight or curved, slightly flattened, glabrous. Sepals 5, valvate, narrowly
triangular to triangular, 1-2 x 0.4-0. 7 mm, glabrous. Corolla 6.5-10.5 mm long, cream,
unspotted or yellow-brown spotted in tube, 2-lipped, glabrous except for bearded inside
surface of medial lobe of lower lip and tube below it; lobes obtuse but medial lobe of lower
lip dilated, emarginate. Stamens 4. included, glabrous. Ovary ovoid-cylindrical, 1.6-1. 8 x
0.6-0. 8 mm, pale yellow, bilocular with one ovule per loculus, glabrous; style glabrous.
Fruit dry, bicylindrical, 3. 5-5. 5 x 1.5-1. 7 mm, compressed, obtuse, surface slightly
verrucose, glabrous. Seed unknown.

Figure 1. Eremophitu compressa. A Habit. B Enlargement of branch. C to E Leaf variation. F and

G Side and tront view of corolla. H and I Outer and inner surface of sepal. .1 Gynoecium. K and E

Side and cross-section of fruit.

A I from Chinnock 4988; K L from Chinnock 5048.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: W.E. Blackall 1003, 14.x. 1931
(PERTH); M.A. Burgman 2587, no date (PERTH); R.J. Chinnock 4987 , 1 1.x. 1979 (AD);
R . J . Chinnock 4989, 1 1.x. 1979 (AD); R.J. Chinnock 5048, 7.xi. 1981 (AD); R.J. Chinnock
5452, 7.xi. 198 1 (AD); C.F. Davies 215, 2. v. 1963 (PERTH); C.A. Gardner s.n., Jan. 1940
(PERTH); A. Newbey 6720, 1 2.iii. 1980 (PERTH); J.W. Wrigley 5345, 2,xi. 1968 (AD,
CBG); J. W. Wrigley 5817, 1 2.xi. 1 968 (AD, CBG).

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R.J. Chinnock, Five endangered Myoporaceae

Distribution and habitat. Eremophila compressa is confined to the eastern part of the Roe
Botanical District (Map 1) where it occurs in the vicinity of Grasspatch to the north of
Salmon Gums. It is usually found on disturbed brown clay loams adjacent to roads or
along the railway line, although one large population was found growing in undisturbed
Eucalyptus woodland (Chinnock 5452).

7 he Gardner specimen was reputedly collected at Bencubbin. However, this is considered
highly unlikely and it is presumed that the locality data provided is incorrect.

Affinities. The structure of the flower and fruit of this species clearly ally it to E. saligna.
E. compressa differs from this species, however, by its smaller size, prominently tuberculate
branches, smaller leaves with at most two or three teeth near the apex and its bicylindrical,
obtuse fruit.

Conservation status. Most of the locations at which E. compressa is known to occur are
on road verges or along railway lines. All populations in these situations consist of relatively
few individuals. The only large population of this species occurring in undisturbed
Eucalyptus woodland (to the west of Salmon Gums) is situated near areas which were
cleared during 1981. The conservation status for this species is 2V (after Leigh, Briggs &
Hartley 1981).

Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from a feature of the fruit.

2. Eremophila lactea Chinnock, sp. nov. (Figure 2)

Frutex erectus glaber maculis prominentibus albis parvis magnisque in ramis foliisque;
foliis alternis, imbricatis, ellipticis usque oblanceolatis, acutis, glandulifero-pubescentis:
corolla dilute lilacina, extra dense glandulifero-pubescentia, lobis acutis; staminibus
inclusis, glabris \ J'ructu sicco, ovoideo-oblongo, acuto, crustaceo, villoso.

Typus: R.J. Chinnock 4389, 14.xi. 1978 (holo; AD; iso: AD, CANB, K, MEL, MO, NT,
PERTH, US, W).

Erect compact or spindly shrub 1-3.5 m high, often weeping when old. Branches erect,
subterete and ribbed towards apex, terete in older parts, green becoming light brown in
woody parts, non-tuberculate, glabrous, obscurely glandular-papillose, prominently white-
blotched at least in upper parts, the blotches consisting of dried exudate. Leaves sessile,
alternate, erect, overlapping and normally obscuring branch, (7)10-31(44) x 2-6(1 1) mm,
elliptic to oblanceolate. acute, margins entire, surfaces smooth or obscurely glandular-
papillose, glabrous, viscid when immature, white-blotched at least towards branch tips,
somewhat shiny. Flowers 3 or 4 per axil; pedicel 2-3 mm long, flattened, sparsely glandular-
pubescent in upper part, often white-blotched. Sepals 5, valvate, green, oblong to
oblanceolate, 3-5. 5(8) x 0.5-1. 5 mm, acute often broadly so, veins prominent after
flowering, sparsely glandular-pubescent on both surfaces. Corolla 8-13.5 mm long, very
pale lilac outside, deeper lilac and faintly purple spotted inside tube, 2-lipped, densely
glandular-pubescent outside, inside of tube villous and lobes glabrous; lobes obtuse, similar
in shape. Stamens 4, included, glabrous. Ovary ovoid c. 1 .5 x 0.8 mm, pale greenish yellow,
bilocular with one ovule per loculus, densely villous except for swollen glabrous base; style
glabrous except for a few scattered eglandular hairs towards base. Fruit dry, ovoid-
cylindrical, 3-3.5 x 1 .5-2 mm, acute, crustaceous, villous, hairs eglandular. Seed unknown.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; R.J. Chinnock 4392, 14. xi. 1978 (AD);
R.J. Chinnock 4393, 14. xi. 1978 (AD); R. Isaacson 60, 62, 1 4. viii. 1978 (AD); T. Loffler
4, viii. 1967 (AD); K. Newbey 6760, 16. iii. 1980 (PERTH).

1 5cm . 10 cm

Figure 2; Eremophila lactea. A Habit. B Enlargement of branch. C Leaf. D and E Side and front

view of flower. E and G Sepals outside and inside surfaces, post flowering. H Gynoceium. I Fruit.

A I cultivated material, Adelaide.

R.J. Chinnock, Five endangered Myoporaceae

395

Distribution and habitat. Eremophila lactea is known only from a small area west of
Grasspatch, Roe Botanical District ( Map 2) where it grows on light-brown to grey-brown
sandy loams in open Eucalyptus (including mallee) woodland. It is commonly associated
with Acacia and Melaleuca species.

Affinities. Allied to Eremophila psilocalyx F. Muell. (syn. E. pachyphylla Diels) but
differing in having thinner, broader leaves, a milky exudate on the branches and leaves,
smaller sepals and a smaller, glandular-pubescent corolla.

Conservation status. Eremophila lactea has a conservation status of 2V (after Leigh, Briggs
& Hartley 1981) and like E. compressa occurs in areas subjected to rapid agricultural
expansion in recent years.

Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from the milky exudate which occurs on the
branches and leaves.

3. Eremophila nivea Chinnock, sp. nov. (Figure 3)

Frutex lanatus folds alternis vel aliquot interdum oppositis, linearibus, acutis,
marginibus incrassatis; sepalis 5, imbricatis, triangularibus usque lanceolatis, acuminatis;
corolla lilacina, extra glabra vel paucis pilis dispersis, lobis obtusis; staminibus inclusis,
glabris; stylo piloso; fructu sicco, ovoideo, manifeste rostrato, glabro.

Typus: R.J. Chinnock 4916, 30. ix. 1979 (holo: AD; iso: PERTH).

Shrub to 1.6 m tall with branches, leaves, pedicels and sepals (outer surface) completely
clothed in white to greyish white lanate tomentum. Branches terete, non-tuberculate, hairs
branched and often floccose in older parts. Leaves sessile, alternate but occasionally with
a few opposite, linear, (6)8-18(22) x 1.5-3. 5 mm, acute, margins entire, slightly revolute,
thickened. Flowers 1 or 2 per axil; pedicel 2-5.5 mm long, terete. Sepals 5, imbricate, tips
purplish black sometimes visible through indumentum, subequal, triangular to lanceolate,
7-1 1 x 0.7-2. 5 mm, acute to attenuate, inside surface glabrous below, with dense white
branched hairs above especially towards the margins. Corolla 15-23 mm long, lilac, tube
white inside on the lower side, faintly lilac to brownish spotted, 2-lipped, outside surface
glabrous or with a few scattered branched hairs, inside of tube arachnoid hairy and lobes
glabrous; lobes obtuse, medial one of lower lip dilated, emarginate. Stamens 4, included,
glabrous. Ovary ovoid, c. 3 x 1 mm, pale yellow, quadrilocular with one ovule per loculus,
glabrous; style eccentric, pilose. Fruit ovoid, 4-5 x 2. 2-2. 6 mm, prominently beaked,
splitting at apex, glabrous; exocarp buff-coloured, papery, endocarp brown, smooth. Seed
ovoid, c. 1.5 x 0.7 mm, buff-coloured.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: C. Chapman s.n., 10.x. 1975 (NSW
108470); R.J. Chinnock 3710, 1 5.viii. 1977 ( AD).

Distribution and habitat. Eremophila nivea is known only from the type population which
occurs along one kilometre of road near Three Springs, Avon Botanical District (Map
1). The plants grow under scattered Eucalyptus trees on brown clay loam.

Affinities. This species is allied to Eremophila eriocalyx, sharing with this species a
branched indumentum on the vegetative parts, thickened revolute leaf margins and
glabrous fruits. It differs from E. eriocalyx in the more dense persistent indumentum, the
glabrous, or almost glabrous corolla, the open corolla throat, the shorter pedicel and sepals.

Conservation status. The only known population consists of less than two hundred
individuals and is enclosed on either side by cultivated land. Any roadside clearing could

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Figure 3. Eremophila nivea. A Habit of branch. B and C Upper and lower surface of leaf. D and E
Side and front view of corolla. F and G Outside and inside surface of sepal. H Ovarv and lower part
of style. I Fruit.

A I based on Holotype.

decimate the population and accordingly its conservation status is 2E (after Leigh, Briggs
& Hartley 1981). Fortunately E. nivea has considerable horticultural merit and is
widespread in cultivation, especially in South Australia.

Etymology. 1 he specific epithet refers to the indumentum of this species.

4. Eremophila verticillata Chinnock, sp. nov. (Figure 4)

Piutex humilis elfusis odorem graveolentum emittens, rcimis sparse ad dense hirsutis;
folits ternato-verticillatis, appressis, oblongis obtusis; floribus sessilibus; sepali.s 4, valvatis,
linear ibus usque lanceolatis, acutis, extra glabris, intra glandulifero-pubescentis; corolla
pur purea. extra pubcscentia. lobis obtusis; slaminihus inclusis, glabris; stylo glabro; fructu
sicco, ovoideo, rostrato, crustaceo, hirsuto.

Typus: R..I. Chinnock 4369. 12. xi. 1978 (holo; AD; iso: BR1, K MEL MO NSW NT
PERTH. US). ' ’

Low spreading shrub up to 0.8 m high and 1 m diameter, emitting a strong, slightly
offensive odour. Branches terete, erect or spreading, non-tuberculate, sparsely to densely
hirsute. Leaves sessile, in whorls of 3, appressed to branches, green to purplish, fleshy,
narrowly oblong, 2.5-6 x 1 mm. obtuse, hirsute on adaxial surface, obscurely glandular-
papillose on abaxial suilace. Flowers 1 per axil, sessile. Sepals 4, valvate, green, subequal,
linear to lanceolate, (1)1. 5-5 x 0.3-1 mm, acute, outside surface glabrous or glandular-

R.J. Chinnock, Five endangered Myoporaceae

397

Figure 4. Eremophila verticillata. A Habit. B Enlargement of branch to show appressed leaves. C Adaxial
leaf surface. D to F Outside surface, side view and inside surface of sepal. G and H Side and front view
of flower. I Gynecium. .1 and K Side and cross-section of fruit.

A - I based on Holotype.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

pubescent, inside surface glandular-pubescent. Corolla (5)8-1 1 mm long, violet, but inside
of tube white on lower side and purple spotted. 2-lipped, outside surface pubescent, hairs
consisting of short glandular and longer eglandular ones, lower half of medial lobe of lower
lip villous, with hairs extending down tube below lobe; lobes obtuse, medial lobe of lower
lip dilated, emarginate. Stamens included, glabrous. Ovary ovoid, c. 1.5 x 0.5 mm, green,
bilocular with one ovule per loculus, hirsute; style glabrous. Fruit dry, ovoid, 2-3 x 1-2.5
mm, beaked and slightly separated into two at apex, hirsute with short glandular and longer
eglandular hairs. Seed unknown.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: R.J. Chinnock 4370, 4375, 12. xi. 1978
(AD); P.D. Luseombe s.n., 6.xii. 1979 (AD, PERTH); J. W. Wrigley 5625, 7. xi. 1 968 (AD
CBG).

Distribution and habitat. E. verticillata is known only from a few localities in the Roe
Botanical District (Map 1).

At Lake Cobham Eremophila verticillata occurred on powdery brown loam in an open
low Eucalyptus woodland of if. longicornis, E. annulata and E.floctoniae. It was associated
with Maireana erioclada and Threlkeldia diffusa.

Affinities. Eremophila verticillata is very closely allied to E. ternifolia but differs in having
smaller, narrower appressed leaves and a fruit in which the carpels are neither unequal
nor free in the upper half.

Conservation status. As far as 1 am aware the population between Kalgarin and Pingaring
was destroyed in early 1980 during vegetation clearance but fortunately plants from this
population are in cultivation in Adelaide. The population on the Lake King-Newdegate
road ( Wrigley 5625) could not be located although searched for in two successive years.
The two populations at Lake Cobham are adjacent to the road and any roadside clearance
could decimate them. The conservation status of this species according to Leigh Briggs
& Hartley (1981) is 2E.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the whorled leaves.

5. Myoporum turbinatum Chinnock, sp. nov. (Figure 5)

Frutex glaber, viscidus, saepe spiculatis in ramis, foliis, floribusque, ramis tuberculatis;
foliis alternis, erectis, linearibus complanatis subteretibus in dimidio distali dentatis,
tubei culatis; sepalis vaivatis anguste triangularibus; corolla alba vel suffuse lilacina, extra
glabra, lobis obtusis; staminibus exsertis, glabris;/hvc/w sicco, tubinato in dimidio distali
manileste complanato et rostrato, 4-costato ad 4-alato, alis membranceis et translucidis
saltern apicem versus, glabro.

Typus: K. Newbey 7915, 9.xi.l980 (holo: PERTH, iso: AD, CANB, K, MEL).

Erect shrub to 4 m high, at first multistemmed and broom-like, but eventually consisting
of one or a few long slender erect stems with leafy branches restricted to uppermost part.
Branches greenish brown, light brown to purplish brown in older parts, prominently
tuberculate, glabrous, glandular-papillose, viscid, more or less granulate and frequently
spiculose at least when dry. Leaves sessile, alternate, erect, straight or incurved, deep green
or immature leaves sometimes reddish brown, linear. Oat to subterete, ( 1 0.5) 1 5-50(80) x
0.5- 1 ( 1.5) mm, uncinate, margin with small conical teeth especially in the distal half, surface
tuberculate and often spiculose, midrib distinctly grooved on both surfaces, glabrous,
viscid, shiny. Flowers 4 to 8 per axil; pedicel 1.5-4. 5 mm long, dilated in upper part and
5-ribbed when dry, glabrous, glandular-papillose, viscid. Sepals 5, valvate, green, narrowly

399

R.J. Chinnock, Five endangered Myoporaceae

triangular, c. 1 x 0.3 mm. keeled, glabrous. Corolla 2.5-4. 5 mm long, almost rotate, white
but often tinged lilac, unspotted or with irregular sized blotches on lower half of lobes
and in tube; glabrous outside but often spieulose when dry. inside of lobes and tube with
a lew scattered hairs; lobes obtuse, equal in size but one distinctly pouched. Stamens 4,
exserted, glabrous. Ovary conical but obscurely 4-sided. 1-1.5 x 0.5 mm, purplish black,
bilocular with one ovule per loculus, rugose to tuberculate, glabrous; style glabrous. Fruit
dry, turbinate, 3-4.5 x 1 .5-2.5 mm, prominently flattened and beaked in distal part, 4-ribbed
to 4-winged, wings membranous and translucent at least near apex, glabrous.

Figure 5. Myoporum turbinatum. A Habit. B Enlargement of branch. C Leaf apex showing teeth. D
and E Side and front view of flower. F Ovary and lower part of style. Ci and H Side view and cross-
section of fruit.

A H based on Holotype.

Specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA; R.J. Chinnock 5547, 7.xi. 1 98 1 (AD,
CANB, PERTH); R.J. Chinnock 5449, 7.xi. 1981 (AD, B, BRI, K, MEL, W).

Distribution and habitat. Myoporum turbinatum is known only from road verges in a small
area north-east of Esperance, in the eastern Roe Botanical District ( Map 2) where it occurs
on sandy pedal duplex soils on the margins of saline depressions in mallee/ heath scrub.
Areas adjacent to the known populations are under cultivation. The conservation status
of this species is 2E according to Leigh, Briggs & Hartley (1981).

Affinities. Myoporum turbinatum belongs to section Disoon (DC.) Benth. and would
appear to be closely related to M. plarycarpum R.Br.. sharing with this species a similar
fruit although not Battened in the lower half. In addition, the dentitions of the leaf of both
species are comparable and sometimes one corolla lobe of M. platycarpum is pouched.

Etymology. The specific epithet is taken from the fruit shape.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Map 2. Distribution of Eremophila laclea (triangle) and Myoporum turbinatum (solid circle).

Acknowledgements

I thank Mr G. Bell who has ably assisted me on field trips and in the preparation of
descriptions; Mr L. Dutkiewicz and Mr G.R.M. Dashorst for preparing the illustrations;
Dr J. Green, Western Australian Herbarium and Dr S. Hopper, Department of Fisheries
and Wildlife for arranging transport and accompanying me to many locations of these
rare species. This work was partly funded by the Australian Biological Resources Study.

References

Beard, J.S. (1980). A new phytogeographic map of Western Australia. W. Austral. Herb. Res. Notes No. 3:
37-58.

Leigh, J.. Briggs. .1. & Hartley. W. (1981), Rare or threatened Australian Plants. Austral. Natl Parks & Wildlife
Sere. Special Publ. 7 (Commonwealth of Australia: Canberra.)

Rye, B.L. & Hopper, S.D. (1981). Report 42: A guide to the gazetted Rare Flora of Western Australia.
(Department of Fisheries & Wildlife: Perth.)

Patrick, S..I. & Hopper, S.D. ( 1982). Report 54: A guide to the gazetted Rare Flora of Western Australia. Suppl.
I. (Department of Fisheries & Wildlife: Perth.)

Nuytsia 5(3): 401-406 ( 1986)

401

Bentleya, a new genus of Pittosporaceae from southern Western Australia

E.M. Bennett

Kings Park and Botanic Garden, West Perth. Western Australia 6005

Abstract

Bennett, E.M. Bentleya. a new genus of Pittosporaceae from southern Western Australia. Nuytsia 5 (3): 401-
406 (1986). A new genus and species in the family Pittosporaceae, Bent leva spineseens E.M. Bennett, is described
and illustrated from Newdegate, Western Australia. A key to the genera of Pittosporaceae is provided.

Introduction

The plant described here was originally collected in September 1982 when the author
was accompanying final year horticultural students from the Bentley Technical College,
Perth. It proved difficult to identify with known families: it certainly represents a distinct
new genus.

The genus is considered to belong to the family Pittosporaceae because it has the
following characters: leaves alternate, often appearing clustered; Bowers regular, 5-merous,
sepals free, petals weakly united at the base to form a more or less definite corolla tube;
stamens 5, alternating with the petals, anthers tetrasporangiate, opening by longitudinal
slits; gynoecium of 2-3 carpels, united to form a compound ovary with simple style and
capitate or slightly lobed stigma; numerous ovules in each carpel; fruit a loculicidal capsule.
However the plant does show several differences from genera presently included in this
family: a well developed fleshy gland at the base of the ovary; petals which remain fused
in the middle of their length post-anthesis, (in other genera of the Pittosporaceae the petals
remain fused until anthesis and then separate); free lobes of petals never spreading but
always remaining imbricate and erect. The Pittosporaceae typically have 2 bracts, but this
species has two whorls totalling about 10-12 bracts.

The new genus also has many characters in common with the family Rutaceae, including
alternate leaves; flowers regular, 5-merous (although some of the Rutaceae have 4-merous
flowers); anthers tetrasporangiate; nectary-disc intrastaminal. annular. However the new
genus differs in that it lacks the major character of the Rutaceae, the presence of oil glands.
Sectioned leaves showed schizogenous secretory glands which are also found in the
Pittosporaceae, but no oil glands (H.T. Clifford, pers. comm.). Also in the Rutaceae the
stamens are rarely a single antepetalous whorl, but often up to 3-4 times as many as the
petals and the ovary is 4-5-celled, with usually 2, rarely several ovules.

There is a possibility that it may represent a new family, but for the purpose of describing
the plant it is placed in the family Pittosporaceae.

Descriptions

Bentleya E.M. Bennett, gen. nov.

Frutices humiles, rhizomatibus subterraneis effusis, valde ramosi; rami spinis terminati.
Folia exstipulata, alterna vel fasciculata, linearia, sessilia vel breviter petiolata; stomata

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

paracytica; margines integri, revoluti; foliorum fasciculi gemmarum squamis nonnullis
deltoideis suffulti. Flores solitarii. pcrfccti, pcdicellati, e basibus truncorum vel paulo supra
oriundi, pedicelli basin verticillis 2 bractearum suffulti. Sepala 5, imbricata, libera,
pubescentia. Petala 5, imbricata. in tertia parte mediana cohaerentia, basi leviter connata,
corollae tubum ± distinction formantia, utrinque sparse pilosa. Stamina 5, cum petalis
alternantia. quam ea paulo breviora; filamenta linearia; antherae versatiles, sagittatae ad
ovatae, tetrasporangiatae et dithccae, longitudinaliter dehiscentes. Discus intrastaminalis
ad ovarii basin prominens, 5-lobus, annularis, viridis. crassus. Ovarium superum. integrum.
2-3-loculare, ovulis numerosis: placcntatio axilis; stvli petala excedentes, simplices: stigma
capitatum vel bilobum. Fructus capsula 2-(3)-locularis, ad 1 2 - 2 o longitudinis septicida et
usque ad dimidiam iongitudincm loculicida. Semina lateraliter compressa, reniformia;
embryo minutus, ad basin endospermii carnosi bene evoluti.

Typus: B. spinescens E.M. Bennett

Low growing shrubs with spreading underground rhizomes, from which above ground
stems arise. Stems much branched, at first pubescent, becoming glabrous, terminating in
spines. Leaves exstipulate, alternate or clustered, linear, sessile or shortly petiolate,
subtended by a few deltoid bud scales; margins entire, revolute; stomates paracytic. Flowers
solitary, perfect, pedicellate, occurring on stems at or just aboveground level, occasionally
along branches; subtended by two whorls of bracts at base of pedicel. Sepals 5, imbricate,
free, pubescent. Petals 5, imbricate, coherent in middle third, at first weakly united at base
to form a more or less definite corolla tube, both surfaces with scattered hairs. Stamens
5, alternate with and slightly shorter than petals; filaments linear; anthers versatile, sagittate
to ovate, tetrasporangiate and dithecal, longitudinally dehiscent. Imrastaminal disc
prominent at base of ovary, five-lobed, annular, green, fleshy, thick. Ovary superior, entire,
2- or 3-celled; ovules numerous; placentation axile; style exceeding the petals, simple;
stigma capitate or 2-lobed. Fruit a 2-(3)-celled capsule, splitting septicidally for half to
three quarters of its length and loculicidally for up to half of its length. Seeds laterally
compressed, reniform; embryo tiny, at base of well-developed, fleshy endosperm.

Relationships. 1 here are two genera, Billardiera and Citriohatus. which share several
characters with Bentleya. Billardiera and Bentleva both have the petals united in the young
tlower but separating with age, versatile anthers, iilaments free from the petals, typically
2 cells in the ovary and capsular fruits (sometimes a berry in Billardiera). Bentleva differs
from Billardiera most conspicuously in possessing a disc. Citriohatus and Bentleva both
have an intrastaminal disc although it is less well developed in Citriohatus. solitary flowers
and petals coherent in the lower part to form a tube. Bentleva differs from Citriohatus
in having 2 or sometimes 3 cells in the ovary rather than I , a dehiscent fruit, not indehiscent,
seeds not immersed in sticky pulp, anthers versatile instead of basifixed, and filaments
free from rather than adnate to the petals. The spinescence character of Bentleva is also
to be seen in other genera including Billardiera and Citriohatus. Suckering from
underground rhizomes, found in Bentleva. is unusual in the Pittosporaceae but is known
to occur also in Pittosporum phylliraeoides.

Etymology. It is to commemorate the students of Bentley Technical College, particularly
those in their tinal year in 1982, one of whom located this new genus, that the generic name
ol Bentleva has been given.

Bentleya spinescens E.M. Bennett, sp. nov. (Figures 1 and 2)

Fiutex 5-20 cm altus, 2-20 cm diametro. Folia usque ad 7-na fasciculata, 2-6 x c. 0.5
mm, supra glabra vel disperse albo-pilosa, subtus pubescentia; squamae deltoideae 1-1.5
mm longae. Bracteae exteriores 5-6, 0.5-1 mm longae cum aliis 0.25-0.5 x 0.3 mm, pallide

E.M. Bennett, Bern leva

403

Figure 1. Bent ley a spinescens E.M. Bennett. 1-Habitat xO. 2-Flower xO. 3-Flower with petals removed xO 4-
Flower with petals and stamens removed xO. 5-Petal xO. 6-Ovary xO. 7-Bracteoles xO. 8-Capsule xO. 9-Seed xO.
A-anthers. B-bracteoles. D-fleshy disc. F-lilament. FS-filament sear. IB-inner bracteoles. F-leal. O-ovary. OB-
outer bracteoles. OV-ovules. P-petals. PS-pctal scar. S-style. SE-sepal. Sp-spinescent branch. SS-sepal scar. ST-
stigma. l-trom t..M. Bennett 81083, illustrated by S. Bird. 2-7 from plants collected at the type locality 8-9
from E.M. Bennett 291282. 2-9-illustrated by E.M. Bennett.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

brunneis, densissime longe pilosis, margine ciliatis, alternantes; bracteae interiores 5,
pallide brunneae, secus costam medianam saepe purpurascentes, margine dense ciliatis,
1-3.5 mm longis. Sepala 6-7 x 1.5-2 mm. virescenti-alba. parce albo-pilosa. Petala 1.2-2
cm longa, albido-viridia ad cremea; antherae 2-3 mm longae, pallide malvaceae; pollen
pallide malvaceus. Ovarium 1.5-2. 5 mm longum. Stylus 1-1.9 mm longus, pallide roseus, per
maximan partem longitudinis parce pilosus; stigma purpureo-rubrum, bilobum, in flore
maturo prominenter exsertum. Fructus 10-14 x 5-8 mm, brunneus, albo-velutinus. Semina
1.75-2.25 x 1.5-2 mm, rubescenti-brunneus, rugosus.

Typus: 0.5 km west of the Newdegate township (lat. 33° 06'S; long. 1 19° 01'E), Western
Australia, E.M. Bennett 81083 (holo: PERTH; iso: B, CANB, K, MEL, MO, NSW.)

Shrub 5-20 cm tall, 2-20 cm across. Stems much branched, lower and older part of stem
with grey, fissured bark, younger branches reddish-brown, with scattered white hairs,
becoming glabrous with age, ending in spines; spiny branches often arising from prominent
protuberances. Leaves in fascicles of up to 7, linear to narrowly obovate, 2-6 x c. 0.5 mm,
minutely mucronate, glabrous or with scattered white hairs on upper surface, pubescent
on lower surface, midrib prominent on lower surface, bearing several white hairs; margins
revolute; leaf dusters subtended by deciduous, deltoid scales c. 1-1.5 mm long. Flowers
mainly on stems at or just above ground level, occasionally a few along the stems; each
flower subtended by two whorls of bracts; outer bracts 5-6, of two sizes, some 0.5 x 1
mm, alternating with others 0.25-0.5 x 0.3 mm, pale brown, very densely hairy with long
hairs, ciliate on margins; inner bracts 5, pale brown, 2-3.5 x 1-1.5 mm, often purplish along
midrib, abaxial surface with scattered hairs; margins densely ciliate; pedicel 3 mm long,
densely hairy. Sepals 6-7 x 1 .5-2 mm, greenish-white, scattered white hairy on surface, hairs
shorter and denser on margin. Petals 1.2-2 cm long, coherent when young for 2 js of their
length, becoming free at base with age but remaining joined in middle for 2-3 mm, lobes
imbricate, whitish-green to cream. 3-ncrved. outer surface with scattered white hairs, inner
surface with white hairs scattered along veins, more abundant in upper third, margins
incurved, distinctly ciliate along margins of lobes and inner surface of tube; apex acute.
Filaments 0.9-1. 5 mm long, white; anthers 2-3 mm long, pale mauve; pollen pale mauve.
Ovary 1.5-2. 5 mm long, velutinous; style 1-1.9 mm long, pale pink, hairy except for upper
2 mm; stigma purple-red, papillate, prominently exserted in the mature flower. Capsule
brown, velutinous with white hairs, 10-14 x 5-8 mm. Seeds 1.75-2.25 x 1.5-2 mm, reddish-
brown, rugose.

Distribution. The type locality is the only one so far from which the plant has been recorded.
Although several other locations of similar soil and species complement were searched,
cursorily, no further plants were seen. At the type locality there were many plants present
but, due to the suckering habit, the number of actual genotypes may be small as several
plants are probably from one original parent.

Habitat. Bentleya spinescens grows in sandy clay soil associated with Eucalyptus
occidentalis, t. flocktoniae, Santalum acuminatum, Melaleuca violacea, M. uncinata,
Oxylobtum parviflorum. Olearia revoluta, Daviesia affin. aphylla, Grevillea pauciflora,
G. pritzelii, Lasiopetalum rosmarinifolium and Westringia rigida.

Flowering time. September October.

Fruiting time. December — January.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the spinescent habit of the plant, all the short
branchlets ending in distinct spines.

E.M. Bennett, Beni leva

405

Figure 2. Habit of Bentleya spinescens.

Key to the genera of Pittosporaceae

Below is provided a key to the world’s genera of Pittosporaceae which incorporates
Bentleya.

1. Anthers linear, equal in length to the filaments.

2. Flowers irregular, anthers turned to one side Cheiranthera

2. Flowers regular.

3. Anthers free becoming prominently recurved with age Pronava

3. Anthers cohering by apical tips, not becoming recurved with age Saliva

1. Anthers ovate, much shorter than the filaments.

4. Filaments adnate to petals; fruit globular, not dehiscent Citriohaius

4. Filaments free from petals; fruit a berry or dehiscent capsule.

5. Seeds winged; petals up to 44 mm long Hymenosporum

5. Seeds not winged; petals less than 25 mm long.

6. Ovary and capsule distinctly stipitate; seeds flat Bursaria

6. Ovary sessile or shortly stipitate; seeds irregularly shaped,
compressed, but not flat.

7. Shrubs or trees; fruit a coriaceous or woody capsule Pittosporum

7. Climbers or small shrubs; fruit a membranous or slightly
coriaceous capsule, or a berry.

8. Prominent intrastaminal disc present Bentleya

8. No intrastaminal disc present Billardiera

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Acknowledgements

Thanks must be given to Mr P.G. Wilson and Dr H.T. Clifford for the assistance given
in assigning the plant to a family. Dr N. Marchant and Dr T. Macfarlane assisted with
checking and criticising the manuscript, and Ms S. Bird with the illustrations. Prof. K.H.
Rechinger prepared the Latin descriptions.

References

Bennett, E.M. ( 1978). New taxa and new combinations in Australian Pittosporaceae. Nuytsia 2: 184-199.
Cronquist, A. (1981). “An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants. "(Columbia Univ. Press: New
York).

Engler, A. ( 1930). In A. Engler and K. Prantl (eds.) “Die Naturlichen Pflanzenfamilien” 1 8a. (Wilhelm Engelmann:
Leipzig).

Nuytsia 5(3): 407-413 (1986)

407

Two new species of Wurmbea (Colchicaceae or Liliaceae s. lat.) from

south western Australia

T.D. Macfarlane

Western Australian Herbarium, George Street, South Perth, Western Australia 615.1

Abstract

Macfarlane, T.D. Two new species of Wurmbea (Colchicaceae or Liliaceae s. lat.) from south western Australia.
Nuytsia 5(3): 407-413 (1986). Wurmbea granitieola T.D. Macfarlane and H . murchisoniana T.D. Macfarlane
are described, illustrated and mapped.

Introduction

At the time of my revision of the Australian species of Wurmbea (Macfarlane 1980),
available collections of the two species described here were inadequate forjudging their
taxonomic status. Thus they were cited at the end of my paper under “Unplaced specimens”.
As a result of my subsequent collections, and those of others, sufficient data have now
accumulated to confirm both taxa as species. In the following formal descriptions, the
format of my revision is used except for minor changes to wording. No new key or key
supplement is provided here because a new taxonomic treatment of Wurmbea in Australia
is in preparation for a forthcoming volume of the “Flora of Australia”.

Species descriptions

Wurmbea graniticola T.D. Macfarlane, sp. nov. (Figure 1)

Folia plerumque bene separata. Scapi floribus 1-3 hermaphroditis vel interdum masculis.
Perianthium pallide lilacinum nectariis albis vel cremeis vel pallide ad saturate roseis;
segmenta brevius quam ad decimam partem longitudinis connata; nectaria plerumque ad
2 /r a basi sita; nectaria per perianthii segmenta singula, fasciam transversalem margine
proximali curvatam formantia. Stamina quam nectarium plerumque breviora.

Typus: Mt Cramphorne, 31° 49'S, I 18° 43'E, SE of Muntadgin, Western Australia, 21
July 1984, T.D. Macfarlane 1360 (hojo: PERTH; iso: CANB. K. MEL, NSW).

Plants 1.5-11 cm tall to top of inflorescence, usually less than 6 cm. Curm 4.5-9 cm below
ground, c. 1 cm long. Leaves 3, blades usually well separated, occasionally close, especially
of the lower 2; lowest leaf basal, usually not dilated at base, tapering, often sinuous, 0.4-
2.6 mm wide at base, channelled on upper surface; middle leaf dilated at base, otherwise
long and tapering; uppermost leaf dilated, often with a shorter to longer, narrow, tapering
apical portion. Flowers 1-3 per plant, forming an open spike when more than I,
hermaphrodite or occasionally the uppermost flower, or the flower when solitary, male
with a vestigial ovary. Perianth white or pale pinkish lilac with white, cream or faint to
dark pink nectary, or perianth pale pinkish lilac with nectary similar or white to cream;
segments 6, occasionally 7 in uppermost flowers, connate at base for less than ! /io of their
length, linear and spreading below nectary, broadening and upeurved at about the nectary,
6.5-10.5 mm long, acute to obtuse at apex; nectary 1 per perianth-segment, usually situated

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

c. 2 /3 from base of segment, occasionally '/h- 1 / 2 from base, consisting of a more or less
inconspicuous somewhat raised band or ridge spanning the adaxial face of the segment,
continuous or occasionally with a break at the mid line of the segment, the proximal margin
of the band or ridge clearly defined, upwardly convex, the distal margin usually indistinct,
more or less straight. Stamens c. 'n as long as perianth, usually not reaching nectaries but
occasionally exceeding them; anthers obloid. c. 1 mm long, red, versatile, dorsifixed slightly
below the middle. Ovary angular, sharply delimited from the 3 free styles. Mature capsules
and seeds not seen.

Figure 1. Wurmbea granilicola. A Habit. B Flower from above wit
by shading just distal to anthers. C Gynoecium.

Drawn by S. Bird from T.D. Macfarlane 1378.

gynoecium removed: nectaries depicted

T.D. Macfarlane, New species of Wurmbea

409

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Strawberry Rocks, 31° 27'S,
i 19° 17'E, 26 km S of Southern Cross on Southern Cross South Road, 5 Sept. 1984, A.
Brown s.n. (PERTH); 9 miles [14.5 km] E of Boorabbin, Great Eastern Highway, 18 Sept.
1966, /t.N. George 8066 (PERTH); Wattengutten Hill, 30° 58'S, 1 16° 59'E, ESE of Wongan
Hills, 6 Sept. 1980. A.S. George 16192 (PERTH); 18 km E of Boorabbin along Great
Eastern Highway, big outcrop 500 m S of road. 15 Aug. 1984, S.D. Hopper 3974 (CANB,
PERTH); Boorabbin Rock, 31° 12'S, 120° I7'E, 15 Aug. 1984, S.D. Hopper 3981 (AD,
BR1, CANB. K. MEL, NSW. PERTH); 9.5 km E along Muntadgin Road from Merredin-
Narembeen road, 31° 43'S, 118° 30'E, SE of Merredin, 30 July 1982. T.D. Macfarlane
871 (PERTH); Mt Caroline, 31° 48'S, 117° 38'E, ca 20 km SSE of Kellerberrin, 20 July
1984. T.D. Macfarlane 1388 (PERJH); The Humps, 32° 19'S, 118° 57'F, near Hyden,
21 July 1984, T.D. Macfarlane 1367 (AD, BRI, PERTH); Wave Rock. 32° 27'S. 1 18° 54'E,
near Hvden, 21 July 1984, T.D. Macfarlane 1368 (PERTH); Bushfire Rock, 32° 27'S, 1 19°
21'E, E of Hyden, 22 July 1984, T.D. Macfarlane 1374 (CBG, PERTH); Lily McCarthy
Rock, 32° 41'S, 1 19° 21'E, SF. of Hyden, 22 July 1984, T.D. Macfarlane 1378 (PERTH);
4.5 km SSE of Boorabbin (Boorabbin National Park), 27 Aug. 1981. K. Newbey 8688
(PERTH); Emu Rock, ca 51 km E of Hyden, 8 Oct. 1981, K. Newbev 9231 (PERTH);
Hyden Rock, 13 Sept. 1983, R. Ornduff 9307-30 (PERTH); The Humps, near Hyden, 13
Sept. 1983, R. Ornduff 9309-13 (PERJH); Mt Cramphorne, E. of Muntadgin, 28 July
1963, R.D. Royce 7855 (PERTH).

Distribution. (Figure 3). Wurmbea graniticola occurs in Western Australia, at scattered
localities in the central and eastern whcatbelt and slightly further east, from Wattengutten
Hill eastward to Boorabbin and southward to Lily McCarthy Rock near Holt Rock.
Although found on most rocks of high relief that were examined in its area of distribution,
W. graniticola was not seen at Holt Rock or Mt Walker.

Habitat. Wurmbea graniticola grows in herbfields in shallow winter-wet patches of brown
clay containing coarse granitic particles on and at the margins of high granite outcrops.
It is absent from very low or ground-level rock exposures. Wurmbea tenella often occurs
on the same rocks and flowers at the same time as does W. graniticola. but grows in separate,
often closely adjacent and apparently deeper soil patches.

Flowering period. The species flowers mainly in July-September.

Discussion. In its most usual variant, Wurmbea graniticola is characterised by its scape
having 1-3 flowers which are usually hermaphrodite but occasionally male, with nectaries
positioned about 2 f from the base of the perianth segments, by the morphology of its
nectaries, by its stamens not reaching the level of the nectaries, and by the shape of the
flower and its coloration even though variable. This typical variant occurs at the majority
of known localities including the type locality. At each of these localities, the individuals
are relatively uniform although there can be variation in flower size and in coloration,
especially of the nectaries (i.e. pale to dark pink) but flower colour varies much more
between localities.

The populations at Mt Caroline and Strawberry Rocks and on some, but not all rocks
in the vicinity of Boorabbin differ from the most common variant in having the nectaries
lower on the segments (about from the base) and apparently more or less raised (for
the full width or only at the sides), sometimes with a break at the middle, and in having
the stamens equalling or exceeding the nectaries. Despite these differences the flower
colour, shape and sex condition of these variants and their habitat and distribution all
agree with those of the typical variant of the species. Extensive variation is in any case
not surprising in a species that occurs as numerous isolated populations. The atypical
variants are therefore here included in W. graniticola.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Wurmbea graniticola hears some resemblance to W. dioica (R.Br.) F. Muell. subsp. alba
I D. Macfarlane in being small pale-flowered plants with sometimes pale, continuous,
transverse nectaries. This is especially evident in the variants mentioned above. Indeed I
cited A.S. George 8066 under IT. dioica subsp. alba in my 1980 account. However, IT.
dioica subsp. alba has pure white flowers (except for occasional plants in some populations
which have pink nectaries) with nectaries located above D from the base of the perianth
segments, which consist of a transverse band with well-defined distal as well as proximal
margins, and a high proportion of male plants or plants with upper flowers male in its
populations, and it occurs west of the range of IT', graniticola. The more inland populations
of IT. dioica subsp. alba, being dioecious, with diminutive plants and exhibiting sexual
dimorphy, are less like those of IT. graniticola than the coastal plants are.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the occurrence of the species on granite outcrops.

Wurmbea murchisoniana T. D. Macfarlane, sp. nov. (Figure 2)

Folia bene separata. Scapi 1-7-flori, flores omnes hermaphroditi. Perianthium album
neetariis albis; segmenta brevius quam ad decimam partem longitudinis connata; nectaria
per peria nthii segmentum bina, ad 1 i basi sita, distincta, marginalia, prominentia,
incrassata. Styli liberi vel ad quartam partem longitudinis connata.

Typus: 100-150 metres S of Murchison River Bridge on North West Coastal Highway,
27° 50'S, I 14° 42' E. Western Australia, 28 July 1982, T.D. Macfarlane 864 fholo: PERTH;
iso: CANB).

Plant s 10-26 cm tall to top of inflorescence. Conn not seen. Leaves 3, blades well
separated; lowest leaf basal, slightly to markedly dilated at base, remainder long, narrow,
tapering, 1-3.5 mm wide, channelled on upper surface; middle leaf dilated at base,
remainder long, narrow, tapering; uppermost leaf dilated in basal portion, apical portion
longer, narrow, tapering. Flowers 1-7 per scape, in an open spike when more than 1, all
hermaphrodite. Perianth white with white nectaries; segments 6. narrow below nectaries,
elliptical, ovate or broadly ovate above them. 7.5-1! mm long, connate at base for less
than '/hi ol their length, acute or obtuse at apex; nectaries 2 per perianth segment, situated
about C from base of segment, consisting of 2 well defined, marginal, ledge-like thickenings
(sometimes appearing pouch-like when dried), not clasping the filament. Stamens c. '/2 as
long as perianth; filaments adnate to base of perianth segments, not swollen basally; anthers
ellipsoidal, 0,8-1. 5 mm long, versatile, dorsifixed at the middle, dark red. Ovary angular.
Styles clearly delimited from the ovary, connate for up to D of their length or free. Mature
capsules and seeds not seen.

Other specimens examined. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Murchison River Bridge, 14 Aug.
1983. AX. Burns 28 (RERIH); Murchison River [near bridge on North West Coastal
Highway, //. Demur:, pers. comm.], 19 Aug. 1978, H. Demur: 6857 (PERTH); south side
of Murchison River Bridge, North West Coastal Highway, A.S. George 11675. 18 July
1973 (PERTH).

Distribution. (Figure 3). This species is known only from the type locality close to the
Murchison River.

Habitat. 1 he type collection is from a highly restricted, dense population then growing
in temporarily very wet red clay in a 15 metre long depression in otherwise flat terrain,
which may be an old river terrace now above the river’s flood level. Growing with the
Wurmbea plants were perennial clump grasses, annual grasses and Marsilea sp. The
surrounding vegetation was Acacia shrubland. Several other depressions containing

I .D. Macfarlane, New species of Wurmbea

41 1

Figure 2. Wurmbea murchisoniana. A Habit. B Flower from above with gynoecium removed: nectaries
depicted by stippling in lower part of each segment. C Gynoecium.

A from A.C. Burns 28. B and C from T.D. Macfarlane 864, spirit material. Drawn by S. Bird.

Hgure 3. Distribution ol H'urnlhea graniticala and ft' murchisoniana.

Wurmhea plants were seen in the vicinity. The labels of the other collections all mention
wet or swampy conditions.

Discussion. Besides Wurmhea murchisoniana. several other species of Wurmhea have two
nectaries per perianth segment and of these, the type variant of W. centralis T.D.
Mac! at lane seems to bear the greatest resemblance to W. murchisoniana. Wurmhea
centralis, which grows in rocky habitats in South Australia and at The Olgas in the Northern
Tei ritory, has pink I lowers with pink nectaries which clasp the filaments. Wurmhea si nor a
IT). Maclarlane from the south coast of Western Australia has a flower colour similar
to that of W. murchisoniana but its perianth segments and nectaries are differently shaped,
its plants aie much smaller, and they grow in difierent habitats. Such features also
differentiate W. murchisoniana horn the eastern Australian species W. biglandutty$a( R.Br.)
IT). Maclarlane and ft. uniflora (R.Br.) f.D. Macfarlane. From the Geraldton area
southwaid. If. c/ioica (R.Br.) f. Muell. subsp. alba T.D. Macfarlane occupies shallow,
seasonal, standing Iresh-water pools like those in which W. murchisoniana grows further
noith at the Murchison River. IT. dioica subsp. alha also grows in shallow soil on or near
rock outcrops. I Tis taxon has white I lowers with white nectaries but the nectaries are
usually present only as continuous transverse, thickened bands, although sometimes there
is greater thickening towards the margins ol the perianth segment, and occasionally also
a slight unthickened, non-nectarilerous area in the middle. There are, however, never two
distinct nectaries with such a broad gap between them and with such well-defined proximal
and innei margins as occur in W. murchisoniana. In addition, populations composed of
completely hermaphrodite-flowered plants, as occur in W. murchisoniana, are not known
in IT. dioica subsp. alha.

T.D. Macfarlane, New species of Wurmbea

413

The specimen A.S. George 11675, cited here under W. murchisoniana, was previously
(Macfarlane 1980) considered to be nonspecific with the specimen A.S. George 9538,
collected at Deep Well, Bungabandi Creek, about 36 km NNW of the provenance of the
former. 1 now consider A.S. George 9538 to be from a variant of W. dilatata T.D.
Macfarlane, which shares with the typical variant its flower shape, extensive perianth fusion
and enlarged filament bases. These characters, especially the latter two, differentiate it from
IV. murchisoniana. The Deep Well variant differs from typical W. dilatata. which has been
collected 47 km away at Lake Culcurdoo, in having two distinct collateral nectaries per
segment instead of one as a continuous band across the tepal.

Conservation status. Until further occurrences are discovered, possibly in similar seasonally
wet places in river valleys in this area of Western Australia, this species must be classed
as rare. Furthermore, in view of its position close to a bridge on a main road, it is vulnerable
to development and road maintenance activities.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the occurrence of the species near the Murchison
River.

Acknowledgements

I thank Dr ,I.W. Green and Mr P.G. Wilson for useful comments on the manuscript.
Prof. K.H. Rechinger for Latin translations, Ms S. Bird for the drawings and Mrs C.M.
Parker for preparing the map.

Reference

Macfarlane, T.D. ( 1980). A revision of Wurmbea (Liliaceae) in Australia. Brunonia 3: 145-208.

Nuytsia 5(3): 415-439 ( 1986)

415

Reinstatement and revision of Rinzia Schauer (Myrtaceae,
Leptospermeae, Baeckeinae)

Malcolm E. Trudgen

I 13 Park Street. Subiaco, Western Australia, 6008

Abstract

I rudgen, Malcolm E. Reinstatement and revision of Rinzia Schauer ( Myrtaceae, Leptospermeae, Baeckeinae).
Nuytsia 5(3): 4 1 5-439 ( 1 986), Rinzia Schauer is reinstated and a revision ol the genus is presented. Twelve species
are recognised tor the genus which is endemic to south-western Western Australia. Rinzia morrisonii Trudgen,
R rubra Trudgen, R. affitus Trudgen, R. communis Trudgen and R sessilis Trudgen are new species while R.
schollerifolia (I ehm.) Trudgen, R carno.sa (S. Moore) Trudgen and R. dimorphandra (E.Muell. ex Benth.)
Trudgen are new combinations. Rinzia \ closest relatives are considered to be Batrckea /.. section Euryomyrtus
and Hypoca/ymma Endl. Rinzia. section Euryomyrtus of Baevkea, Hypocalymma and a small number of related
south-western and eastern Australian species are considered to form a natural group, all of whose species have
reniform seeds which in some species (especially in Rinzia) have an aril. I his appears to be the first record of
an aril for a seed in Myrtaceae. Seeds often species and the Bower of one species are illustrated.

Introduction

The Baeckeinae is a heterogeneous assemblage of species within the Myrtaceae; the
species in it are held together as a group by the following characters: seed coats crustaceous,
embryos consisting of a large radicle with small cotyledons on a slender neck, and leaves
opposite. Within the group there is considerable variation in many characters including
seed shape, the presence or absence of a growth (aril) attached to the testa, the shape of
the cells in the testa, the degree of and mode of dehiscence of the fruit (i.e. the role of
the different tissues in dehiscence of the fruit), the number and arrangement of the stamens,
the morphology of the anthers and their mode of dehiscence and their attachment to the
filaments, the shape and degree of fusion of the filaments, the shape and position of the
connective gland, placentation, and life form which ranges from small trees to plants with
prostrate stems bearing short erect shoots. It is not intended in this paper to discuss all
this variation, rather to state that, within the group as a whole, three major subdivisions
can be recognised and that Rinzia belongs in one of these, the species of which have reniform
seeds (with or without an aril), anthers opening in slits and external filament glands.

Reinstatement of Rinzia Schauer

Rinzia was described by Schauer (1843) with the name honouring “ Sebastianus et
Jacobus Rinz, pater et filius, hortulani Francofurtenses, viri de plantarum exoticarum cultu
in Germania eximie meriti.” (Schauer 1843) and was based on one species: Rinzia fumana
Schauer. He did not cite a type for R. fumana at the time, but the following year (Schauer
1844) provided an expanded description of the species and cited a specimen.

Bentham (1867) reduced the genus to a section of Baeckea L., a reasonable course of
action at the time, as he was dealing with a smaller number of species than are now known
and he had broader generic concepts than are now accepted. To a significant degree his
generic limits were artificial, as is shown by the fact that he included Rinzia and some

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

of its close relatives in Baeckea while maintaining Hypocalymma Endl. as a distinct genus.
Hypocalytnma with its more numerous and exserted stamens with basifixed anthers is
distinct, but its reniform seeds, anthers opening in slits, and fruit morphology, show that
it is more closely related to Rinzia than Rinzia is to Bentham’s sections Harmogia,
Babingtonia and Schidiomyrtus of Baeckea.

Rinzia is reinstated here as the type species, Rinzia fumana, has been found to belong
to a group of species which can be separated from their nearest relatives on the basis of
the following combination of characters:

( 1 ) Filaments flattened rather than terete and often with an emarginate apex (especially
the filaments of the antepetalous stamens).

(2) Anthers attached (but only at the mid-point) to the adaxial surface of the filament
(see terminology and morphology section below, and also Figure 1 parts 2 and 3) rather
than dorsifixed and versatile (as in section Euryomyrtus of Baeckea F. and some related
eastern Australian species) or basifixed (as in Hypocalymma ), but see the note under R.
carnosa which is an exception as it has dorsifixed, versatile anthers.

(3) Stamens 10 (or 12 when the flowers are 6-merous), or when less having one or
more of the antesepalous stamens missing.

(4) Flowers borne on a well developed anthopodium, but having only a rudimentary
peduncle.

The first of these characters (flattened filaments) separates Rinzia from the other species
of Baeckeinae that have reniform seeds. There are parallel developments of flattened
filaments in other groups of species within the Baeckeinae but the species in these groups
have different seeds, anther attachment and placentation. For example, Baeckea
drummondii was included in section Rinzia by Bentham (1867), but while its stamens have
broad filaments, its anthers, placentation and seeds indicate that it is not closely related
to Rinzia as the genus is defined here. It is felt that the combination of characters given
above quite adequately justifies the reinstatement of Rinzia to generic level.

Systematic Position of Rinzia

Rinzia was placed by Schauer (1843) in the Baeckeae, while Bentham ( 1867) treated the
genus as a section of Baeckea L. which he placed with Hypocalymma, Scholtzia, Astartea
and Balaustion as a subtribe “Baeckeaeae” of the tribe Feptospermeae. Niedenzu (1898)
apparently recognised that the species placed in section Rinzia by Bentham were more
closely related to Hypocalymma as he removed them from Baeckea and placed them in
Hypocalymma (he perpetuated the error with Baeckea drummondii however). While this
placement recognises the close relationship between the species placed in Rinzia and those
in Hypocalymma it ignores the differences between them. Briggs and Johnson (1979)
considered that Baeckea needed futher study to determine whether or not its sections
(including section Rinzia) deserved generic rank and placed it in a Baeckea suballiance
ol their Chamelaucium alliance, subsequently (Johnson and Briggs 1985) they have
abandoned suballiances in the Chamelaucium alliance.

It is outside the scope of this paper to consider the relative merits of these placements
above the genus level. J he more recent system of Briggs and Johnson is not used because
it has only been proposed informally.

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

417

Figure I. Rinzia sessilis. 1. Flower (xIO, some petals removed). 2. Stamens, adaxial view (x20, flattened out).
3. Anther and tip of filament of antesepalous stamen from side and same with anther removed to show connective
gland (x40). 4. Longitudinal section through the flower showing the insertion of the style into the ovary, the
fusion ot the ovary to the hypanthium and the placentation (x20). 5. Side view of ovule on placenta and cross
section of placenta showing attachment of the two ovules (,\30). 6. T wo petals showing claw and irregular outlines
(xIO). (All from K. Newhey I 125).

418

Terminology and Morphology

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Anthopodium is used as defined by Briggs and Johnson (1979), (“The internode between
a Bower and the most distal node of the axis that it terminates.”) to describe part of the
axis on which the flower is borne. In Rinzia the anthopodium is the longest part of this
axis, the proximal part of which is here referred to as the peduncle and which is quite
short in all members of the genus.

Aril is used to describe the outgrowth from the hilum which clasps the seed of most species
of the genus. This appears to be the first time such a structure has been reported for the
Myrtaceae. It is dry and quite thin in dried specimens but swells when the seeds are soaked
in water, indicating that in fresh seeds it may be fleshy. No information is currently available
as to what role it might play in the dispersal of the seeds. See photographs of seeds in
Figure 2.

Hypanthium has been used to refer to the cup or tube around the ovary. This term has
been widely used for this structure in the literature on the Myrtaceae and reflects its most
probable origin which is a development of the receptacle. The term “Boral tube” is rejected
on the basis advanced by Briggs and Johnson (1979), i.e. that it is often confusing. Briggs
and Johnson ( 1979) used the term “perigynium” but rejected it in a later publication ( Briggs
and Johnson 1985) in favour of hypanthium. Where the diameter of the hypanthium has
been given it was measured at the base of the calyx lobes (this point usually has the largest
diameter).

Flower size, which is quite valuable in differentiating between species, is given as the
diameter of the circle that would include the petals (e.g. 5. 0-8.0 mm across corolla).

Anther attachment: Except in R. carnosa the anthers in Rinzia are attached at their mid-
point to the adaxial surface of the filaments (see Figure 1.1) rather than being dorsifixed
and versatile (i.e. attached at the tip of the filament to the mid-point) as in section
Euryomyrtus of Baeckea or basifixed as in Hypocalymma. The dorsifixed. versatile
condition with terete filaments is the most widespread in the natural group to which Rinzia
belongs, occuring in species groups with different stamen arrangements, different sized and
coloured seeds and different mechanisms of fruit dehiscence, and as it is also widespread
in the Myrtaceae as a whole is considered to be the primitive condition. The condition
in Rinzia is interpreted as developing through the extension of the filaments from the point
behind the attachment point to give the appearance that the anthers have moved from
the tip to the adaxial surface, with the filaments appearing not to end at the centre of
the anthers but to carry on, often extending past the top of anthers. Although still dorsifixed
this constitutes a character state different to dorsifixed. versatile anthers and basifixed
anthers and is one ol the character states which separates Rinzia from its relatives. R.
carnosa has dorsifixed, versatile anthers but has the broad filaments of Rinzia. This may
indicate that the adaxial position of the anthers in the other species has evolved within
the genus. The basifixed attachment in Hypocalymma appears to have developed through
the fusion of the filament to the lower part of the anthers.

Stamen arrangement: As noted above the stamens are typically very regularly arranged,
with one opposite each petal and sepal, although there are variations. Johnson and Briggs
(1985, Figure 8) have proposed a schematic outline of trends in androecial evolution in
the Myrtaceae, with the development being from fascicles opposite the petals to single
stamens opposite the sepals, or irregularly spaced, in the Baeckea suballiance (Johnson
and Briggs 1985, Figure 8, J-M). The typical arrangement in Rinzia could be viewed as
part way down this “sequence” with the occasional pair of stamens opposite the sepals

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

419

1mm

Figure 2. Seeds of Rinzia species. Left to right from top left hand corner. Top row: R. af finis (2 seeds, from
C.A. Gardner 13845, 1 arm Rock), R communis (3 seeds, from M.E. Trudgen 1463, 18 miles east of Lake King
post office). Second row: R. dimorphandra (2 seeds, from //. Demur: 6304, Duke of Orleans Bay road), R.
fumana (2 seeds, from M. E. Trudgen 1 883, Albany Highway just south of Gordon River), R. morrisonii (2 seeds,
from G.J. Keighery I I 19, lower northern slopes of Hostelliers. Stirling Range). Third row: R. oxvcoccoides (2
seeds, from A.S. George 7141, Thumb Peak Range), R. rubra (2 seeds, from M.E. Trudgen 1765, 1.3 km E
of 90 Mile lank. Lake King to Salmon Gums), R. schotlerifolia (2 seeds, from R.D. Royce 3728a, Lower Kalgan).
Bottom row R. crussifolia (2 seeds, from M.E. Trudgen 2195, 9 km SW of Calingiri) and R. carnosa (2 seeds,
from E.M.C . Sehock 421. Westonia). Scale bar is I mm.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

in R. carnosa possibly indicating this species is less developed in this character. Those
species which lose some or all of the antesepalous stamens would indicate a divergence
in Rinzia from the the trend to single stamens opposite the sepals only.

Inflorescence: The most common inflorescence structure is a monad with a very short
peduncle and a relatively long anthopodium. Metaxytriads occur rarely in R.
dimorphandra which usually has dichasia, the two flowers of which appear to be at different
stages of development. The latter situation also occurs in R. affinis.

Testa surface terminology follows Murley (1951) as given in Stearn (1973).

Processes: Hair-like structures found at the base of the abaxial side of the antepetalous
filaments of some species (e.g. R. sessilis). They may be vestigial staminodia.

Materials and Methods

This paper was based on the study of the gross morphology of herbarium material
borrowed from Australian herbaria supplemented by observations and collections made
in the field of nine of the twelve species ( R. carnosa , R. longifolia and R. oxycoccoides
were not observed in the field by the author).

The material examined included type specimens of all the previously described species.

The specimens cited were selected to cover the geographical ranges of the species, with
preference being given to collections with duplicates lodged in more than one institution.

The measurements given for the parts of flowers were made on material that had been
boiled in water with a small amount of detergent in it. The measurements of leaves refer
to dry material.

Rinzia Schauer

J. C. Schauer, Linnaea 17: 239 ( 1843 ).-Baeckea section Rinzia (Schauer) Bentham, Flora
Austral. 3: 74 (1867). Type: Rinzia fumana Schauer.

Subshrubs low and straggling to erect, or with prostrate branches, rarely entirely
prostrate. Glabrous except for one species. Leaves opposite, appressed to spreading, shortly
petiolate or sessile (one species), linear to orbicular, ovate or obovate, flat or margins
recurved, or variously thickened (plano-convex or concavo-convex, abaxial surface
shallowly convex to semi-terete or semi-elliptic), entire, rarely with hairs on the margins,
glandular dotted, occasionally discolorous. Flovvers 1-12 near the tips of the branchlets,
or along them, small to medium (3-19 mm diameter), solitary or 2-3 on a common peduncle
in axils of upper leaves; peduncles very short with a pair of terminal bracteoles; anthopodia
each with a pair of bracteoles at the base when more than one flower on a peduncle, 0.8-
27 mm long; bracteoles elliptic to cymbiform. persistent, often coloured or with a coloured
edge. Hypanthium obconical to hemispherical or shortly cylindrical. Calyx lobes half to
as long as the hypanthium, triangular, deltoid, semi-circular or semi-elliptic. Petals
suborbicular to obovate, or angular. Stamens 5-12, usually 10 with one opposite each petal
and calyx lobe, when less than 10 all or some of the antesepalous missing, 12 when flowers
6-merous, or occasionally (R. carnosa) two stamens opposite some calyx lobes. Filaments
all flattened, the antepetalous broad, the antesepalous narrower, the antepetalous longer
than the antesepalous and fused to them from shortly (near base) to up to their whole
length, sides straight or incurved, apices truncate, rounded, or emarginate, antesepalous
sometimes pointed. Anthers usually attached to the adaxial surface of the filaments,
dorsifixed and versatile in one species; loculi parallel, opening in straight or rarely curved

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

42

slits. Connective gland globular to obovoid. Style terete, slender to stout, inserted shortly
to deeply into the ovary; stigma capitate or not enlarged. Ovary 3- or rarely 4-locular,
globular to obovoid. depressed around base of style. P 1 ace n tali on axile; placentas
consisting ot raised elliptic areas on the floral axis, only attached near their centre in some
species, but not stalked, longitudinally slit. Ovules renilorm, one end pointed in some
species, rarely the abaxial edge straight, 2-9 per loculus, collateral or + in two rows or
rarely almost radially arranged, attached to the placenta on either side of the longitudinal
slit. Fruit a globular or cylindrical capsule. ± equal to the calyx lobes, fused to hvpanthium
only near the base, pendent. Dehisced fruit: valves rounded, opening widely (until almost
at right angles to the fruit axis); hypanthium flattened or saucer-shaped, the underneath
often turned in at the centre. Seeds renilorm, arillate (except in R. carnosa and R. rubra);
hilum in centre of the concave side; testa crustaceous, smooth to papillose, brown to dark
brown. Embryo filling seed; cotyledons small on a slender neck, flattened parallel to the
plane between them, cotyledons and neck folded back onto, or wrapped around the massive
radicle. Aborted ovules thin, translucent, not developing as “chaff”.

Distribution. Twelve species, all endemic to the south west corner of Western Australia.

Key to the species

1. Leaves flat or margin slightly to prominently recurved, occasionally arched
from midrib, discolorous; anthopodia 4-27 mm long (greater than 7 mm except
in some specimens of R. schollerifolia).

2. Ovules 4 or 5 per loculus; flowers 5-8 mm across corolla; petals usually not

spreading widely; seeds 1.3- 1.4 mm long 1. R. schollerifolia

2. Ovules 5-12 per loculus; flowers 8-19 mm across corolla; petals spreading;
seeds 1.5- 1.8 mm long.

3. Ovules 8-12 per loculus; leaf margins prominently recurved; seeds

1.7- 1.8 mm long 4. R. oxycoccoides

3. Ovules 5-8 per loculus; leaves almost flat to margins recurved, or
leaves arched from midrib; seeds 1.5-1. 6 mm long.

4. Plants with main stems prostrate and branchlets erect, short, usually

densely leaved: antepetalous stamens 1.9-2. 4 mm long 3. R. longifolia

4. Plants variable in form (including prostrate) but otherwise not

as above; antepetalous stamens 1.6-1. 8 mm long 2. R. morrisonii

1. Leaves plano-convex or concavo-convex, concolorous; anthopodia 0.8-4
mm long except for R. rubra (2. 5-5. 5 mm) and R. crassifolia ( 1.2-6. 5 mm).

5. Flowers in pairs in leaf axils.

6. Hypanthium obconical. smooth and chartaceous in fruit; leaves
usually overlapping next pair by ‘/s-'/T; flowers white less

commonly pink; seeds 1. 4-1.5 mm long 8. R. affinis

6. Hypanthium hemispherical to shortly cylindrical, rarely
almost obconical, minutely pitted and fairly thick in fruit; leaves
just overlapping next pair; flowers pink or rarely white; seeds

1. 1-1.3 mm long 7. R. dimorphandra

5. Flowers solitary in leaf axils.

7. Ovules 4-9 per loculus; seeds not arillate.

8. Leaves spreading, plano-convex; flowers 7.5-1 1 mm

across; seeds c. 1.5- 1.7 mm long 6. R. rubra

8. Leaves appressed, concavo-convex; flowers 5. 5-7. 5 mm

across; seeds c. 1.4- 1.5 mm long 5. R. carnosa

7. Ovules 2 per loculus; seeds arillate.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

9. Flowers 1-12, not clustered near ends of branchlets;
seeds verrucose or with ends somewhat pointed; leaves
not regularly four ranked (i.e. not quadrifarious).

10. Seeds verrucose, ends rounded; corolla 7.5-

1 1.0 mm across 12. R. crassifolia

10. Seeds smooth to colliculate, ends somewhat

pointed; corolla 6. 0-7. 5 mm across 9. R. fumana

9. Flowers 1-5 clustered near ends of branchlets; seeds
neither verrucose nor with ends pointed; leaves
regularly four ranked (i.e. quadrifarious).

1 I. Hypanthium hemispherical; petiole absent or

indistinct 1 1 . R. sessilis

11. Hypanthium shortly cylindrical or rarely
broadly hemispherical; leaves definitely pet-
iolate 10. R. communis

1. Rinzia schollerifolia (Lehm.) Trudgen, comb, no v.-Baeckea schollerifolia Lehm., PI.
Preiss. 2: 369 ( 1848). Type: Seven Mile Bridge, Plantagenet, Western Australia, Preiss 2015
(iso: MEL).

Subshrub to 20 cm tall and 60 cm across, stems spreading to procumbent, or scrambling,
or lower ones, or all, prostrate. Leaves distant, spreading to divaricate, or occasionally
twisted towards each other; lamina lanceolate, acute 3-10 mm long, 1-2.5 mm w'ide. almost
flat to margins recurved, smooth, discolorous (pale below), often reddish, especially near
tips of shoots, oil glands rarely visible. Flowers 1-4 on a shoot, solitary in axils of upper
leaves, erect; anthopodia 4-16 mm long; bracteoles narrow elliptic, concave, acute, 1.8-
3.0 mm long, often reddish. Hypanthium obconical, 1.7-2. 4 mm wide, green or reddish;
calyx lobes erect, not keeled, semi-circular to oblong, 1.0-1. 7 mm long, petaline at least
on margin, pink to white then with reddish blotches, entire to lacerated. Corolla bright
deep pink to white, 5. 0-8.0 mm across; petals sub-orbicular to orbicular, clawed, not
spreading widely. Stamens 10, one opposite each petal and calyx lobe, or rarely up to three
antesepalous stamens missing; antepetalous filaments broad, flat, tapering slightly from
base, adnate to the claws of the petals and just equalling the calyx lobes, 1. 2- 1.7 mm long,
0. 6-0.8 mm wide, shortly united to the antesepalous filaments; antesepalous filaments
Battened but not much broader than thick, c. 0.8-1. 1 mm long; anthers 0. 3-0.4 mm long;
connective gland small, globular to shortly cylindrical. Ovary 3-locular, -b length of
hypanthium, lower 3 / 4 fused to hypanthium. Style fairly stout, reaching to between
antesepalous and antepetalous anthers; stigma capitate. Placentas oval. c. 0.4 mm long
and 0.3 mm wide. Ovules 4-5 per loculus. Undehisced fruit: hypanthium hemispherical;
capsule equaling calyx lobes. Dehisced fruit: hypanthium almost flat (disc shaped) with
a short cylindrical edge; calyx lobes erect; valves opening very widely, obtuse. Seeds
reniform to stoutly reniform, 1 .3-1.4 mm long, 0.7-0. 8 mm broad, arillate; testa dark brown,
neither dull nor shiny, minutely colliculate. Embryo filling seed, radicle massive, cotyledons
small on a slender neck, both appressed to the radicle.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Near King Georges Sound, 1884, Miss
Franklyn (MET 76374); 5 miles (8 km) S of Narrikup on the Albany road, R. Melville
4397 (K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); King Georges Sound, ./. R. Muir (MEL 76316); Gardiner
River road, 34° 21'S, 119° 23'E, G. Pmr 205 (PERTH); Ledge Point road, 34° 59'S, 117°
58'E, D. Whibley 5165 (AD, PERTH).

Distribution. Endemic to the area from Albany to Bremer Bay, Western Australia.

Map 1.

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

423

Map 1. Distribution of Rinzia schollerifolia, R. morrisonii, R. longifolia and R. axycoccoides.

Habitat. Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata ) scrub and forest (and probably other vegetation
types) on sand, sandy clay with surface laterite, lateritic soil, and sandy peat.

Notes. Rinzia schollerifolia is closely related to R. morrisonii and R. longifolia and the
choice of specific (rather than subspecific) rank was made only after careful consideration
of the variation within and between them. R. schollerifolia and R. morrisonii are both
quite variable while R. longifolia is only known from a few specimens, making it’s
variability difficult to assess. The small, yet constant, differences in morphology between
the three taxa was felt to justify specific rank. The characteristic habit of R. longifolia
(prostrate with dense erect stems arising from the prostrate ones) adds to its distinctiveness.

Conservation status. Rinzia schollerifolia is found in at least one reserve (Two Peoples
Bay Nature Reserve) so its conservation status is probably satisfactory.

2. Rinzia morrisonii Trudgen, sp.nov.

Fruticulus effusus vel prostratus. Folia rnodice disposita, patentia vel divaricata, anguste
oblonga vel lanceolata, acuta; lamina 4. 0-9. 4 mm longa. 1 .0-2.3 mm lata, discolor, margine
plerumque recurvo. Flores solitarii. 1-6 secus ramulos positi; anthopodium 7-10 mm
longunt. Hypanthium breviter cylindraceum, 2. 5-3.0 mm diam., basi obconica. Corolla
rosea vel alba, 8.0-10.8 mm diam. Stamina 10. petala aequantia vel eis longiora; filamenta
antepetalina pro '4 longitudine connata; filamenta antepetalina gradatim angustata,
apicibus emarginatibus, 1.6- 1.8 mm longa. Ovarium 3-loculare, parte inferiore ad
hypanthium connatum; ovula 5-8 per loculum. Fructus: hypanthium breviter
cylindraceum, ovario calyce-lobum aequanti. Semina reniformia vel crasso-reniformia,
arillata; testa laevis vel minute colliculata, fusca.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Typus: Western Australia, Stirling Range National Park, on Stirling Range Drive to Red
Gum Pass, c. 9 km by road NW of Chester Pass Road turn off, E.N.S. Jackson 3329 (holo:
PERTH; iso: AD. CAN B, K).

Perennial subshrub to 60 cm across scrambling or prostrate, or lower branches prostrate
others scrambling or spreading. Leaves neither distant nor crowded (except near tips of
shoots), somewhat spreading near tips of branches, divaricate lower down, occasionally
twisted, lamina narrow oblong to oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, 4. 0-9. 4 mm long, 1.0-
2.3 mm wide, usually rounded (rather than flat), acute, margins recurved, smooth,
discolorous. older leaves often reddish, oil glands small but frequently visible. Flowers
erect. 1-4 (6) per shoot, solitary in leaf axils; anthopodium 7-19 mm long; peduncle 0.1-
0.2 mm long; bracteoles lanceolate, concave, 2. 2-3. 2 mm long usually reddish. Hypanthium
shortly cylindrical with an obconical base, 2. 5-3.0 mm diameter, green or reddish; calyx
lobes erect, not keeled, triangular to obtuse or semi-circular. 1.4- 1.6 mm long, petaline
on margin, entire. Corolla pink to white. 8.0-10.8 mm diameter; petals suborhicular to
orbicular, spreading widely. Stamens 10. one opposite each petal and calyx lobe, equalling
or exceeding petals; filaments flattened, broad, tapering from base, fused to D length of
antepetalous filaments, antepetalous filaments 1.6-1. 8 mm long, 0.7-0. 8 mm broad, adnate
at base to petals, apices emarginate; antesepalous filaments 1.2-1. 3 mm long 0.5-0. 7 mm
broad; anthers c. 0.4 mm long; connective gland small, cylindrical. Ovary 3-locular,
equalling st am inop ho re, lower halffused to the hypanthium. Style stput, not tapering under
stigma, equalling anthers of antepetalous stamens; stigma capitate. Placenta oval, c. 0.5
mm long. 0.4 mm wide. Ovules 5-8 per loculus in two interlocking rows. Undehisced fruit;
hypanthium shortly cylindrical, ovary expanded, equalling calyx lobes; pendent. Dehisced
fruit: valves opening very widely. Seeds reniform to stoutly reniform c. 1 .5 mm long, arillate;
testa dark brown, neither dull nor shiny, smooth to minutely colliculate. Embryo similar
to R. schollerijolia.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Stirling Range, National Park, A.M.
Ashby 368 I (A 1), PERTH. NY, El); Stirling Range National Park, Lower northern slopes
of Hosteliers. (7. Keighery I I 19 (PERTH); Stirling Range National Park, Pillenorup fire
break, behind BlufI Knoll, M.E. Trudgen 1 730 ( PERTH, NS W) east from Solomon's Well,
Stirling Range, 28 September, 1902, A. Morrison (PERTH).

Distribution. Endemic to the Stirling Range, Western Australia. Map I.

Habitat. Found in mallee heath with Eucalyptus (including E. marginata, Jarrah ),
Allocasuarina. Xanthorrhoea. Dryandra, Restionaceae, and Cyperaceae on lower
hillslopes with dun coloured sandy or clayey sandy soils.

Notes. Rinzia morrisonii is closely related to R. longifolia and R. schollerifolia (see
discussion under the latter species).

Due to crowding from the larger antepetalous stamens (which converge to form a cone
around the style) the tops of the antesepalous stamens are pushed inwards towards the
style. Adventitious roots have been observed on prostrate branches of one collection of
R. morrisonii ( M. E. Trudgen 1730).

Conservation status. Rinzia morrisonii is apparently not uncommon in the Stirling Range
National Park. It has been observed there in several areas with different fire histories
including areas that had been unburnt for 3-5 and greater than 15 years. Consequently,
the species is probably secure and needs no special attention for its conservation.

Etymology. 1 he species was named for Alexander Morrison ( 1 849 to 1913) who made many
collections of plants trom the Stirling Range in the early years of this century.

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

425

3. Rinzia longifolia Turcz., Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg ser.
2, 10:331(1852). Tvpe: Swan River Colony [South-western Australia], J. Drummond coll.
5, no. 121 (iso: MEL, PERTH).

Baeckea schollerifolia auct. non Lehm.: Benth., FI. Austral. 3: (1867), as to Drummond
coll. 5, no. 121 .

A subshrub to 40 cm or more (? 80 cm) across with long prostrate stems which bear
short (to 8 cm), erect branchlets. Leaves distant on prostrate stems and crowded on erect
stems, moderately spreading to divaricate; lamina linear to oblong or oblong lanceolate,
acute, 2. 5-9.0 mm long. 1.0-2. 1 mm wide, almost Hat to margins recurved, or arched from
the midrib, smooth, discolorous (paler below), often reddish especially near tips of shoots,
oil glands small (visible at xlO). Flowers 1-4 (or more ?) per shoot, erect, solitary in axils
of upper leaves; anthopodium 7.5-18.5 mm long; peduncle 0.2-0. 5 mm long; bracteoles
elliptic to elliptic-obovate, concave, acute, 2. 0-3. 2 mm long, almost hyaline, green or
pinkish. Hypanthium shortly cylindrical with an obconical base, 2. 8-3. 7 mm diameter,
green or reddish; calyx lobes almost erect to spreading, shallowly triangular to semicircular
to oblong and obtuse, 1. 0-2.1 mm long, petaline at least on margin, entirely pink, or centre
pink or greenish with a white edge, entire, not keeled. Corolla pale pink or white, 9.5-
13.2 mm diameter; petals sub-orbicular to orbicular, clawed, spreading. Stamens 10 or
less commonly 1 1-12, one opposite each petal and one or two opposite each calyx lobe;
antepetalous filaments oblong, adnate to the claws of the petals, exceeding calyx lobes,
shortly or to '/i united to the antesepalous filaments, 1.9-2. 4 mm long, 0.6-0. 8 mm wide;
antesepalous filaments oblong or tapering slightly from base, 1.3-1. 8 mm long, 0.4-0. 6 mm
wide; anthers 0.4-0. 5 mm long; connective gland small, globular. Ovary 3- (or rarely
4-) locular, Jq length of hypanthium, lower ' 3 fused to hypanthium. Style equalling anthers
of antepetalous stamens; placentas oval, c. 0.6 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, ovules 6-8 per loculus
in two interlocking rows. Undehisced fruit : hypanthium shortly cylindrical, base obconical,
ovary expanded but not equalling calyx lobes. Dehisced fruit: hypanthium becoming flat;
valves opening widely, obtuse. Seeds stoutly reniform, arillate, 1.5- 1.6 mm long, 0.8-0. 9
mm broad; testa dark brown, shiny, minutely colliculate. Embryo: radicle massive,
colytedons small on a slender neck which is twisted around the radicle.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 9 miles (14.5 km) east of Ongerup, /L5.
George 6872 (PERTH); 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Jerramungup, K. Newhey 1351 (PERTH);
24 miles (28.5 km) east of Ongerup, 13 Oct 1961, J.H. Willis (MEL, PERTH); Ongerup.
26 August 1964, F. Lullfitz 3635 (PERTH).

Distribution. Known only from the vicinity of Ongerup and Jerramungup in the south-
west of Western Australia. Map I.

Habitat. “... in clay with mallee scrub...” (A. S. George 6872).

Notes. The habit of this species, prostrate with short erect stems, is unique in the genus
and indeed in the subtribe Baeckeinae. Due to its prostrate habit and attractive flowers
R. longifolia may be a useful species for cultivation as a groundcover in gardens. And,
while cultivation is a poor substitute for the conservation of plant species in the wild, there
may be a need to introduce this species into cultivation to protect it from extinction.

Conservation status. Rinzia longifolia is known only from the type and four other
collections, none of which is very recent. As the area from which it is known has been
extensively cleared, this species must be considered endangered and in need of surveying
to enable protection of any remaining populations.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

4. Rinzia oxycoccoides Turcz., Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg
ser. 2, 10: 331 ( 1852). Type: Drummond, 5th coll. no. 120 (holo: KW (n.v.); iso: K (n.v.),
MEL, PERTH. NSW). Baeckea oxycoccoides Benth., FI. Austral. 3: 75 (1867). nom. i 1 leg.

Perennial subshrub to 60 cm across, diffuse, sprawling or procumbent. Leaves close
together to distant, spreading to divaricate or slightly recurved; lamina sub-orbicular, ovate
or broad to narrow oblong, obtuse. 2-8 mm long, 1.3-3 mm wide, strongly recurved, thick,
markedly discolorous; petiole c. 0.5 mm long. Flowers erect. 1-5 on a shoot, solitary in
axils of upper leaves; anthopodium 8-27 mm long, peduncle c. 0.1 mm long; bracteoles
linear to elliptic to oblanceolate, concave, 1.7-3. 5 mm long. Hypanthium obconical to
hemispherical, pitted over oil glands, 2-4.2 mm diameter; calyx lobes erect, triangular to
semi-circular to obtuse, 1.0- 1.5 mm long, reddish with an entire or lacerated petaline
margin, not keeled. Corolla pale to deep rose pink, 9.0-19.0 mm diameter; petals sub-
orbicular to obovate, clawed, spreading. Stamens 10, one opposite each petal and calyx
lobe, exceeding calyx lobes; filaments flat, broad, very shortly united at the base,
antepetalous almost oblong (tapering slightly), 2. 2-2. 5 mm long, antesepalous tapering
from base, 1. 8-2.0 mm long; anthers c. 0.5 mm long; connective gland small, globular.
Ovary 3-locular, equal in length to hypanthium, lower 'll- 2 /: fused to the hypanthium. Style
stout, tapering to stigma, equalling antesepalous anthers; stigma small, capitate. Placentas
oval, ovules 8-12 per loculus, approaching radially arranged. Undehisced fruit: hypanthium
hemispherical to shortly cylindrical; capsule globular, exceeding calyx lobes. Seeds
reniform. arillate; testa brown to dark brown, dull, minutely colliculate.

WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Middle Mt Barren, C.A. Gardner 291 (PERTH); Thumb Peak
Range, A.S. Georye 7141 (AD, PERTH); Mt. Bland, Nov. 1932, H. Steedman (PERTH);
South east ridge of Annie Peak, Eyre Range, A . S. Weston 12797 (PERTH); Annie Peak,
Eyre Range. A.S. George 7252 (PERTH); Thumb Peak, Fitzgerald River National Park,
R.D. Royce 9254 (PERTH).

Distribution. Known only from the Fitzgerald River National Park on the south coast
of Western Australia. Map 1.

Habitat. Found in proteaceous-myrtaceous heath on hillslopes with stony soils.

Notes. Turczaninov and Bentham apparently described this taxon independently, from
duplicates of the same collection, both applying the same specific epithet.

Rinzia oxycoccoides is the largest flowered species in the genus and, whereas the flowers
of most species are not conspicuous, the flowers of this species are quite striking. It has
a large ovule number and as a consequence the ovules are not arranged in rows but around
the placenta. However, they are not neatly radially arranged as in sections Babingtonia
and Harmogia of Baeckea L.

Conservation status. The conservation status of R. oxycoccoides must be considered as
excellent as it occurs in a large National Park and, from collection records, is apparently
not uncommon there.

5. Rinzia carnosa (S. Moore) Trudgen, comb, no v. -Baeckea carnosa S. Moore, J. Linn.
Soc. Bot. 45: 175(1920). Type: Bruce Rock, W.A., Stowardi 15 (holo: BM n.v.; iso: MEL).

Baeckea minutifolia E. Cheel, J. and Proc. Roy. Soc. W. Austral. 10: 5 (1923). Type:
Westonia, W. A., April 1918, F.M.C. Schock (holo: NSW).

Woody subshrub to 1.3 m tall, much branched with slender (often long) branchlets.
Leaves appressed, just overlapping or rarely crowded or distant; lamina sub-orbicular to

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

427

elliptic and obtuse, shallowly concave above and deeply convex (semi-circular) to very
deeply convex below, 0.5-2. 5 mm long, 0.5- 1.0 mm wide, rough due to pits over oil glands;
petiole minute. Flowers 1-4 clustered at or near tips of branchlets, erect, solitary in leaf
axils; anthopodium 0.5-2. 5 mm long; peduncle 0. 1-0.2 mm long; bracteoles lanceolate,
shallowly to deeply cymbiform, 1-1.2 mm long. Hypanthium hemispherical to shortly
cylindrical, 2. 2-2. 8 mm diameter; calyx lobes erect, semi-circular to triangular, 0.5-1 .0 mm
long, reddish with a narrow white petaline edge, not keeled, entire. Corolla white to rose
pink, 5. 5-7. 5 mm across; petals sub-orbicular to almost oblong, spreading. Stamens 10,
or rarely 12, one opposite each petal and one or two opposite each calyx lobe; filaments
flattened, tapering towards apex, curved inwards, shortly united at base, crowded to
somewhat distant from each other, antepetalous markedly exceeding calyx lobes, not
adnate to claw of petals 1 .3-2.3 mm long, 0.5-0. 7 mm wide, antesepalous 0.5-0. 7 mm long,
0.3-0. 5 mm wide; anthers dorsifixed 0.3-0. 4 mm long; connective gland small, globular.
Ovary 3-locular. almost equal in length to hypanthium, lower third fused to hypanthium.
Style stout, tapering, equalling antepetalous anthers; stigma scarcely capitate. Placenta
oval, c. 0.4 mm long; ovules 4-6 per loculus in two interlocking rows. Undehisced fruit:
hypanthium shortly cylindrical, chartaceous, capsule just equalling calyx lobes. Dehisced
fruit: capsule not opening very widely. Seeds reniform, not arillate, c. 1.4-1. 5 mm long;
testa closely and finely granulate, dark brown.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Tandegin Siding, NE of Bruce Rock,
October 1932, E. T. Bailee (PERTH); ca 35 km, WSW of Coolgardie, N. N. Danner 4555
(AD, PERTH); 8 miles (12.9 km) N of Bencubbin, C.A. Gardner 214b (CANB, HO, K,
PERTH); Queen Victoria Rocks, SW of Coolgardie, A.S. George 8035 (CANB, MEL,
PERTH); Golden Valley, 1888, E. Merrall (MEL); 4 miles (6.4 km) W of Coolgardie, M.E.
Phillips W. A. 62-612 (CBG, L, PERTH); Westonia, October 1918, F. W.C. Schock (NSW,
PERTH).

Distribution. Found from the Kalgoorlie area west to Kellerberin and Burakin, Western
Australia. Map 2.

Habitat. Found in thickets of Acacia ‘scrub’ growing on loam or granitic loamy sands.

Notes. The stamens of Rinzia carnosa are not typical of the genus. While the filaments
are flattened as in the other species, they taper to the end as in section Euryomyrtus of
Baeckea L. (the species of which have terete filaments) and the anthers are dorsifixed as
in that section, rather than being attached to the adaxial surface of the filaments as in
other Rinzia species. This may indicate that the adaxial attachment of anthers in Rinzia
developed within the genus.

Conservation status. While R. carnosa is known from at least fourteen collections, most
of these were made more than 20 years ago and came from areas where much clearing
has since taken place for agriculture. Its conservation status is therefore uncertain as there
are no records from National Parks. Fortunately there has been less clearing in the eastern
part of its range and populations there may be relatively secure.

6. Rinzia rubra Trudgen, sp. nov.

Frutex erectus demum effusus, ramulis parvis numerosis dense foliatis. Folia quadrifaria,
imbricata, patentia, vel raro appressa, anguste oblonga vel anguste obovata, semi-teretia
vel profunde plano-convexa, adaxialis interdum leviter convexa, obtusa; lamina 0.7-4. 3
mm longa, 0.6- 1.3 mm lata, interdum glandibus prominentibus ornata. Flores solitarii,
1-4 versus apices ramulorum positi; anthopodium 2. 5-5. 5 mm longum. Hypanthium
breviter cylindraceum, 2. 0-2. 5 mm diam., basi obconica. Corolla alba, 7.5-1 1 mm diam.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Map 2. Distribution of Rinzia communis. R. affinis and R. carnosa.

429

Malcolm E. Trudgen. Rinziu

Stamina 10, petalis longiora; filamenta usque ad 2 7 altitudinum filamentorum
antesepalorum connata; filamenta antepetalina gradatim angustata, apicibus
emarginatibus, 1. 5-2.0 mm longa. Ovarium 3-loculare, basi ad hypanthium connatum;
ovula4-9 per loculus. Fructus: hypanthium prope basim tumidum, basi profunde excavata.
Semina renifornria, non arillata, c. 1.5- 1.7 mm longa; testa subtiliter granulata, brunnea.

Typus: 1.3 km east of 90 Mile Tank on the Lake King to Salmon Gums road Western
Australia, 3 November 1976, M.E. Trudgen 1765 (holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K. MEL,
NSW).

Shrub to 70 cm tall and 100 cm across, erect when young, sprawling and open when
mature with numerous densely leaved small branchlets from the main stems. Leaves
quadrifarious, overlapping, divergent c. 45 degrees from stem, rarely appressed (on quick
growing shoots); lamina narrow-oblong to narrow-obovate, or when very small orbicular,
obtuse. 0.7-4. 3 mm long. 0.6-1. 3 mm wide, flat or shallowly concave above, deeply to very
deeply convex below, oil glands visible on abaxial surface only, smooth or rarely w ith raised
oil glands. Flowers 1-4 shortly below the tip of a branchlet, solitary in leaf axils, erect;
anthopodium 2. 5-5. 5 mm long; peduncle 0.2-0. 3 mm long; bracteoles elliptic to lanceolate,
cymbiform. 0.9- 1.9 mm long. Hypanthium shortly cylindrical with a small obconical base.
2.0-2. 5 mm diameter, surface smooth, usually a deep dull red: calyx lobes erect to spreading,
deltoid, acute to obtuse, dull red, keeled (but not strongly), edges thin. Corolla white, 7.5-
11 mm diameter; petals oblong to sub-orbicular, clawed, spreading. Stamens 10, one
opposite each petal and calyx lobe, exceeding petals, forming a cone around the style;
antepetalous filaments flattened, broad, tapering slightly, sides straight or shallowly
concave. 1. 5-2.0 mm long, apices emarginate but not extended past attachment to anthers;
antesepalous filaments slightly to markedly flattened, oblong 1-1.4 mm long, apices acute
to obtuse, edges of filaments fused for (h to 2 is length of the antepetalous filaments; anthers
c. 0.5 mm long, attached to adaxial surface of filaments; connective gland small, curved.
Ovary 3-locular, half the length and diameter of hypanthium, lower third to half fused
to hypanthium. Style tapering slightly towards stigma, equalling antepetalous anthers;
stigma a rounded tip to the style. Placentas oval, only attached to ovary wall near their
centres, divided longitudinally. Ovules 4-9 per loculus, attached to placentas in two
interlocking rows. Undehisced fruit pendent on recurved anthopodium, calyx lobes and
stamens persistent; hypanthium thin, chartaceous, broadened at base, otherwise cylindrical.
Dehisced fruit not seen. Seeds reniform, c. 1 .5-1.7 mm long, not arillate; testa brown, closely
and finely granulate.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA. 14.4 miles (23.2 km) from Southern Cross
toward Bullfinch, E.M. Canning W.A./68-2526 (CBG); 1 km south west of 90 mile tank,
Norseman (or Salmon Gums) to Lake King road, K. Newhey 6859 (NSW, PERTH); 20
km south west of Coolgardie, K. Newhey 5675 (PERTH).

Distribution. Endemic to Western Australia, known from near Coolgardie, Southern Cross
and east of Lake King. Map 3.

Habitat. Known from various vegetation types including Eucalyptus spp. woodland, E.
transcontinentalis very open shrub ntallee, low open heath with emergent mallees and
Allocasuarina scrub on gently undulating plains. Soils include orange brown clayey sand,
shallow sand over sandy clay and pink-brown sand over grey sand.

Notes. The specimens from Southern Cross and Coolgardie differ from those at the type
locality in appearance, the degree of fusion of the filaments and the size of the flowers;
further collections are needed to assess the significance of this variation.

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Conservation status. Rinzia rubra is known from only a few collections, and most of these
are from a small area near the 90 Mile Tank on the Lake King to Salmon (jams road.
The area from there north and east to Southern Cross and Coolgardie is not well collected
and, as areas of suitable habitat occur, may well contain additional populations of Rinzia
rubra. However, until such populations are found the conservation status of R. rubra must
be considered unsatisfactory.

Etymology. The specific epithet alludes to the dull reddish colour of the hypanthium and
calyx lobes. While some other species occasionally have these parts reddish, it is
pronounced and apparently constant in Rinzia rubra.

7. Rinzia dimorphandra (F. Muell.ex Benth.) Trudgen, comb, nov .- Baeckea dimorphandra
F. Muell. ex Benth. FI. Austral. 3: 74 (1867). Type: Sandy places near Cape le Grand,
Maxwell (holo: MET; iso: MEL).

A rounded subshrub to 25 cm tall and 30 cm across, fairly open; branches long, very
slender. Leaves appressed to very slightly spreading, not quite to just overlapping or rarely
up to half of length overlapping; lamina narrow-elliptic to elliptic or rarely obovate, acute
to obtuse, 1 .5-3.9 mm long, 0.5-0. 8 mm wide, deeply convex below', shallowly to moderately
concave above, smooth, oil glands small; petiole 0.2-0. 4 mm long. Flowers 1-8 clustered
at or just below the tips of the branchlets, rarely spread along branchlets, in pairs on a
common peduncle or less commonly solitary, erect; peduncles 0.2-0. 3 mm long, terminated
by a pair of bracteoles; anthopodia 1 .0-2.4 mm long, each subtended by a pair of bracteoles;
bracteoles on peduncles and anthopodia elliptic-lanceolate and shallowly concave to
cymbiform, 0.8-2. 2 mm long. Hypanthium shortly cylindrical to hemispherical or
obconical, tapering into the anthopodiunt, 2.0-2. 3 mm diameter; calyx lobes erect or slightly
spreading, triangular or sub-triangular to semi-elliptic 1-1.5 mm long, entire. Corolla pink
or rarely pale pink to white, 6. 0-9.0 mm diameter; petals sub-orbicular to very broadly
elliptic, or outline quite angular, spreading. Stamens 10. one opposite each petal and calyx
lobe; antepetalous filaments oblong, or slightly dilated at apex, 1.2- 1.7 mm long, 0.6-0. 7
( 1 .0) mm wide, shortly or to lower one quarter fused to filaments of antesepalous stamens,
equalling or slightly exceeding sepal lobes, apex emarginate; antesepalous filaments
flattened, tapering, 0. 7-1.3 mm long 0.3-0. 5 mm wide, apex acute to obtuse and not
equalling top of anthers; anthers c. 0. 3-0.4 mm long; connective gland small, narrow-
obovoid. Ovary three locular, not or just equalling staminophore, lower G fused to
hypanthium. Style tapering or fusiform, reaching between anthers of antepetalous and
antesepalous stamens; stigma not or scarcely capitate. Placentas circular, slightly raised,
c. 0.4 mm diameter. Ovules 3-4(5) per loculus. Undehisced fruit: hypanthium shortly
cylindrical, base truncate, capsule expanded but not equalling calyx lobes. Dehisced fruit:
hypanthium hemispherical or shallower. Seeds reniform 1 . 1- 1 .3 mm long, arillate, aril large;
testa, smooth, mid brown, shiny. Embryo: cotyledons small on a slender neck coiled on
the end of the massive radicle.

Selected specimens. WF.S1 FRN AUSTRALIA; 3 km south east of Hill 49, Cape Le Grand
National Park. R.J. Cranfield '375 (CANB, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH); 12 km south of
Howick Hill, ca. 75 km FNE of Fsperance, N.N. Donner 2749 (AD. L. OSH, PERTH,
Z); 8.5 km WSW of Howick Hill, ///. Fielder 19861 (AD, CANB, K, PERTH); 1.8 miles
(2.9 km) along the road to Wittenoom Hills from the F.sperance to Cape Arid road, M.E.
Trudgen 1475 (BR1, MEL, NSW. PERTH).

Distribution. Endemic to Western Australia, found from Esperance east to Howick Hill.
Map 3.

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

431

32 '

• Southern Cross

0

■ Rinzia rubra
O Rinzia dimorphandra
A Rinzia sessilis

40

80

A

A

• Balladonia

A

Map 3. Distribution of Rinzia rubra, R. dimorphandra and R. sessilis.

Habitat. Rinzia dimorphandra grows in Banksia speciosa scrub, low shrublands or heath
with taller shrubs of Banksia speciosa. Lambertia sp. and Nuytsia floribunda, on white,
grey and yellow sands.

Notes. Rinzia dimorphandra is closely related to Rinzia affinis with which it has been
confused in the past. However, they are disjunct and there are constant differences of habit,
morphology and habitat preference. Rinzia dimorphandra is a finely branched shrub to
25 cm tall while Rinzia affinis reaches c. 75 cm and is more erect. Both species have
appressed leaves but those of Rinzia affinis are generally larger, though the range of leaf
sizes overlaps. In the same way, while the range of flower size overlaps, Rinzia affinis usually
has larger flowers. While Rinzia affinis has white or pale pink corollas Rinzia
dimorphandra has pink or only rarely pale pink to white corollas. Rinzia dimorphandra
grows on sands in vegetation dominated by Proteaceae but Rinzia affinis grows in loams
or sands with lateritic gravel in vegetation dominated by Eucalyptus spp.

The pair of flowers on a common peduncle, although apparently in the same relative
position, are at different stages; e.g. one may be at anthesis while the other is still in bud.
The peduncle apex occasionally continues growth as a vegetative shoot.

Conservation status. Rinzia dimorphandra is found in at least one conservation reserve
(Cape Le Grand National Park), so its conservation status is probably satisfactory.

8. Rinzia affinis Trudgen, sp. nov.

Frutex rotundatus vel erectus. Folia appressa vel subappressa, plus minusve imbricata,
anguste oblonga vel oblanceolata, interdum elliptica, infra profunde convexa, supra
concava vel fere plana, acuta vel obtusa; lamina 2. 0-4. 3 mm longa, 0.7-0. 9 mm lata. Flores
binati vel solitarii, 2-24 versus apices ramulorum aggregati; anthopodium 1. 3-4.0 mm

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

longum. Hypanthium obconicum, 2. 1-3.0 mm diam. Corolla alba, interdum rosea, 8.5-
10.3 mm diam. Stamina 10, petala nec superantia, versus basim breviter connata; filamenta
antepetalina oblonga, 1.5- 1.9 mm longa, versus apicem gradatim angustata vel dilatata,
apice emarginato. Ovarium 3-loculare, parte inferiore ad hypanthium connatum; ovula
3-7 per loculum. Fructus: hypanthium perbreviter cylindraceum, laeve, basi obconicum.
Semina reniformia, arillata, 1.4-1. 5 mm longo; testa laevis. rufescens.

Typus: 14 km W of Newdegate, Western Australia, 12 August 1968, P.G. Wilson 7032
(holo: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, NSW).

A rounded or erect shrub to 70 cm tall, open (especially when larger), branches long
slender. Leaves appressed to very slightly spreading, '/s-'/z overlapping or rarely just
overlapping; lamina narrowly oblong or rarely elliptic to oblanceolate, 2.0-4. 3 mm long,
0. 7-0.9 mm wide, concave or rarely almost flat above, deeply convex below, apex acute
to obtuse, smooth, oil glands obscure to easily visible; petiole 0.2-0. 5 mm long. Flowers
2-24 per branchlet. in pairs or sometimes solitary in upper leaf axils, erect; peduncles 0.3-
0.5 (1.0) mm long, each terminated by a pair of bracteoles; anthopodia 1. 3-4.0 mm long
each subtended by a pair of bracteoles; bracteoles on peduncles and anthopodia lanceolate
and concave-convex to cymbiform, 1.5-2. 3 mm long, thin, occasionally red tipped,
otherwise pale. Hypanthium obconical, 2. 1 -3.0 mm diameter; calyx lobes erect to slightly
spreading, sub-triangular to semi-circular or semi-elliptic to shortly oblong and obtuse,
1. 0-2.0 mm long, thin, occasionally ribbed, maroon (often blotchy). Corolla white or less
commonly pale pink, 8.5-10.3 mm diameter; petals suborbicular to very shortly oblong,
spreading. Stamens 10, one opposite each petal and calyx lobe; filaments of antepetalous
stamens oblong, slightly tapering or dilated near apex, 1.5-1. 9 mm long, 0.6-0. 9 mm wide,
shortly fused to antesepalous filaments at base, exceeding calyx lobes, apex emarginate;
antesepalous filaments flattened, tapering from base 0.8-1. 3 mm long, 0.3-0. 5 mm wide,
apex acute and not equalling top of anthers; anthers c. 0.3-0. 4 mm long; connective gland
small, globular to obovoid. Ovary 3-locular, not quite equalling staminophore, lower
V 3 - 1 /- fused to hypanthium. Style slender, fusiform, reaching to between anthers of
antepetalous and antesepalous stamens; stigma barely capitate. Ovules 3-7 per loculus.
Undehisced fruit: hypanthium very shortly cylindrical with an obconical base, rather dry
and chartaceous; capsule not quite equalling calyx lobes; calyx lobes thin, erect. Dehisced
fruit not seen. Seeds reniform, ari 1 late, 1 .4-1 .5 mm long; aril large and extending to one
end of seed; testa smooth shiny, mid brown (a little reddish); embryo with small cotyledons
on a long neck wrapped around radicle.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Halfway between Newdegate and Lake
Grace, A. M. Ashby 189 (AD); 25 km S of Newdegate, B.R. Maslin 3859 (NSW, PERTH);
100 miles N of Stirling Range, 1879, Muir (MEL); ca. 25 km W of Lake Grace near Tarin
Rock, D.J.E. Whibley 5300 (AD, PERTH).

Distribution: Endemic to Western Australia, found from the Lake King area west to
Kukerin. Map 2.

Hahttat. Found in a variety of vegetation types including open heath with Eucalyptus spp.
high shrubland (ie. two strata) and low dense sandplain scrub with Eucalyptus tetragona,
on a range of soils including yellow sand, loam with lateritic pebbles, sand with lateritic
pebbles over laterite and sandy clay over laterite.

Conservation status. None of the collections of this species is from a conservation reserve,
and as it is known from only 1 1 collections and ocurs in an area heavily cleared for
agriculture, its conservation status must be considered unsatisfactory.

433

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

Etymology. The name Rinzia affinis was chosen to reflect the fact that this species is closely
allied to R. ditnorphandra and was until now confused with it. I he two species are quite
distinct.

9. Rinzia fumana Schauer, Linnaea 17: 239 ( 1843). - Baeckea Jumana (Schauer) F. Muell.,
Fragm. 4: 68 (1864). Type: in interioribus Sinus Regis-Georgei III., distr. Plantagenet ,
L. Preiss 164 (iso: MEL).

A prostrate or sprawling subshrub, less commonly erect, to 25 cm tall and 60 cm across,
major stems of prostrate individuals sinuous. Leaves usually crowded but occasionally not
overlapping, slightly spreading or rarely appressed or widely spreading, in opposite pairs
but attitude to stem very variable (i.e. not quadrifarious); lamina narrowly oblong to
narrowly elliptic, 2. 0-8. 2 mm long, 0. 5-1.0 mm wide, shallowly concave above or rarely
flat, shallowly convex below to semi-circular or rarely thicker, acute to obtuse; petioles
0.3-0. 4 mm long. Flowers 1-4 on a shoot, solitary in axils of upper leaves, erect; anthopodia
1. 5-4.0 mm long; peduncle c. 0.2 mm long or less; bracteoles cymbiform, 1.0-1. 6 mm long,
green or reddish. Hypanthium very shortly cylindrical, about half length of calyx lobes,
base truncate, 1. 7-2.5 mm diameter, calyx lobes slightly spreading, triangular to semi-
circular, 0.8-1. 5 mm long with a narrow petalineedge and a maroon or green centre. Corolla
pink, less commonly white, spreading, 6. 0-7. 5 mm diameter; petals sub-orbicular to broadly
elliptic or obovate. outlines irregular and often angular, claws stout. Stamens five to ten,
the antesepalous sometimes missing; antepetalous filaments oblong to triangular, fused
to antesepalous filaments for up to hall their length, 1.0-1. 8 mm long, 0. 8-1.0 mm broad,
apex broadly and shallowly to narrowly and deeply emarginate; antesepalous filaments
flattened at base only, tapering from base, 0.9- 1.0 mm long, 0.4-0. 5 mm wide, apex acute;
anthers not or scarcely exceeding filaments (rarely absent from one ol the antesepalous
filaments); connective gland small, globular. Ovary 3-locular, globular to shortly
cylindrical, exceeding staminophore, fused at base to hypanthium; style stout; stigma
prominently capitate, equalling the anthers of the antepetalous stamens. FOacentas oval,
ovules 2 per loculus, collateral. Undehisced fruit: hypanthium saucer-shaped, capsule
exceeding the erect calyx lobes, stamens persistent. Seeds reniform with somewhat pointed
ends, arillate, 11-1.4 mm long; testa smooth to colliculate, dark brown, shiny.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSJ RAL1A: .lust south ol Broomehill towards
Cranbrook, E. M. Canning. WA68/61 37 (BR1, CBG); N side of Ualling Bk., on Moodiarup-
Kulikup Road, A. S. George 15058 (NSW, PERTH); North West Plantagenet, E. Pritzel
694 (AD, NSW, PERTH); Albany Highway just S of Gordon River, M.E. Trudgen 1883
(AD, B, BRI, CANB. CBG, K, MEL, NSW, PERTH).

Distribution. Endemic to Western Australia. Rinzia fumana is found from Brookton south
to between the Stirling and Porongurup Ranges and then west to Collie in the south and
near Boyagarring Hill in the north. Map 4.

Habitat: Rinzia fumana has been collected from Eucalyptus drummondii low open
woodland. Eucalyptus wandoo (“Wandoo”) low woodland, and Eucalyptus marginata
(“Jarrah”) woodland with Drvandra. Casuarina. and Daviesia spp. on soils including light
brown loams with lateritic gravel, laterilic clay, loamy soil at the edge of granite, sandy
loam and gravel (lateritic).

Conservation status. Though not commonly collected, Rinzia fumana appears to occur
in fairly extensive areas of State Forest (the Northern Jarrah Forest) and has been recorded
recently from the Mt Westdale Nature Reserve north-east of Brookton. Its conservation
status is probably fairly secure. There is one old record from the Stirling Range National
Park.

434

Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinziu

435

10. Rinzia communis M.E. Trudgen, sp. nov.

Fruticulus effusus. Folia quadritaria, imbricata, patenlia vel interdum appressa, linearia
vel anguste oblonga, interdum lanceolata vel oblanceolata, semiterctia vel protunde
planoconvexa, obtusa; lamina 0.8-5.3 mm longa, 0. 5-0.9 mm lata. Flores solitarii. 1-5 versus
apices ramulorum aggregati; anthopodium 1. 5-4.0 mm longum. Hypanthium bieviter
cylindraceum vel late hemisphaericum, 2. 0-2. 6 mm diam. Corolla pallide rosea vel alba,
5. 8-9.0 mm diam. Stamina 10, petala nec superantia; filamenta breviter connnata vel usque
ad altitudinis filamentorum antesepalorum connata; filamenta antepetalina anguste
oblonga, 1. 4-2.0 mm longa, apice emarginata. Ovarium 3-loculare, parte inferiore ad
hypanthium connatum; ovula 2 per loculum. Fruetus: hypanthium brevitei cylindi accum,
basi profunde excavato, ovario calyce-lobum leviter superanti. Semina renilormia, arillata,
1.5- 1.7 mm longa; testa minute colliculata, tusca.

Typus: Mount Madden, SE of Lake King, W.A., 29 July 1976, M.E. Trudgen 1700 (holo:
PERTH; iso; CANB, K, MEL., NSW).

Subshrub to 30 cm tall and 40 cm across rounded to rather spreading and straggly. Leaves
quadrifarious, overlapping, spreading (c. 30 degrees from stem) or rarely appressed; lamina
linear to narrow oblong or rarely lanceolate or oblanceolate, obtuse, 0.5-5. 3 mm long, 0.5-
0.9 mm wide, flat or occasionally shallowly concave or grooved above, deeply convex to
very deeply convex below 1 , f lowers erect, solitary in axils of upper leaves, 1-5 on a shoot,
anthopodia 1. 5-4.0 mm long; peduncles 0. 1-0.3 mm long; bracteoles elliptic to narrowly
obovate, shallowly concave to cymbiform, 0.5- 1.4 mm long. Hypanthium shortly
cylindrical with a flat base to broadly hemispherical, 2. 0-2. 6 mm diameter, surface smooth;
calyx lobes erect, deltoid, acute to obtuse (even on one flower), keeled and with a narrow
pet aline edge. Corolla white to pale pink, 5. 8-9.0 mm diameter; petals rhomboidal to oblong
to irregularly orbicular, spreading. Stamens 10, one opposite each petal and calyx lobe;
antepetalous filaments slightly exceeding to twice length of calyx lobes, narrowly oblong,
or sides concave, 1. 4-2.0 mm long, apex emarginate and equalling top of anthers;
antesepalous filaments flattened but scarcely wider than thick, 0.9- 1.6 mm long, shortly
or almost whole length fused to filaments of antepetalous stamens, acute; connective gland
globular to obovoid. Ovary 3-locular, globular, equalling or slightly exceeding
staminophore but not filling hypanthium, lower A fused to hyanthium. Style stout, subulate
with the stigma as a rounded tip. reaching to between anthers ol antepetalous and
antesepalous stamens. Placentas oval, attached to axis for much of their area, slit down
centre. Ovules 2 per loculus, collateral, reniform, 0.5-0. 6 mm long. Undehisced fruit:
hypanthium shortly cylindrical, capsule slightly exceeding calyx lobes, stamens persistent.
Dehisced fruit: valves obtuse, opening very widely, base of hypanthium sunken. Seeds
reniform, 1.5- 1.7 mm long, arillate; testa minutely colliculate. dark brown; embryo filling
seed, radicle massive, cotyledons small on a slender neck, twisted aiound mdicle.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRAL. I A: Stirling Range, September 1927, C.A.
Gardner (PERTH); 18 miles (28.9 km) E of Lake King post office on road to Salmon
Gums, M.E. Trudgen 1463 (AD, BRI, CANB, K, NSW, PERTH); 30.4 km E of
Ravensthorpe M.E. Trudgen 707 (MEL, PERTH); 9.7 km N of Ongerup on Fosters Road,
M.E. Trudgen 736 (NSW, PERTH); Fitzgerald R. below Roes Rock 33° 59' S, 1 19° 25'
E AS. George 10017 (PERTH); Mt. Madden, SE of Lake King, M.E. Trudgen 1700 (AD,
K, MEL, PERTH); 2 miles West of Jerramungup, K. Newby 1350 (PERTH); Mt. Short,
N of Ravensthorpe, AS. George 5202 (PERTH, CANB); about 22 km SF. of Nyabing
along Rabbit Proof Fence, 33° 4FS 118° 23'E, AS. George 14288 (PERTH).

Distribution. Found from the Stirling Range E to Ravensthorpe, N to Katanning and NE
to the Johnston Lakes, Western Australia. Map 2.

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)
Habitat. Rinzia communis is known from a wide range of habitats, including open
(? Eucalyptus) woodland, low mallee heath, mallee scrub with Melaleuca uncinata,
Eucalyptus redunca low mallee heath and tall shrubland, on soils including orange-brown
sand, light brown sand, sandy loam, sandy gravel (lateritic) and laterite.

Conservation status. Rinzia communis is the most widespread and common species in the
genus and would appear to have a reasonably secure conservation status as it has been
recorded from Frank Hann, Fitzgerald River and Stirling Range National Parks. However,
it is not common in either of the latter two National Parks and extensive clearing of native
vegetation is occurring, or is proposed, within its range.

Etymology. The specific name refers to the widespread and common occurrence of the
species.

I I. Rinzia sessilis Trudgen, sp. nov.

Fruticulus humilis, effusus, vel interdum rotundatus. Folia quadrifaria, imbricata vel
interdum distantia appressaque, oblonga, elliptica, vel suborbicularia, raro lanceolata,
supra concava. infraconvexa, obtusa vel interdum acuta, sessilia; lamina 0.6-3. 2 mm longa,
0.4-0. 8 mm lata, glabra, vel margine gossypina. Flores solitarii. 1-5 versus apices
ramulorum aggregate anthopodium 0.8-2. 2 mm longum. Hypanthium hemisphericum, 1 .7-
2.6 mmdiam. Corolla pallide rosea vel fere alba, 5-9 mm diam. Stamina 10, petalis longiora;
filamenta versus basim connata; filamenta antepetalina oblonga, versus apicem gradatim
angustata vel leviter dilatata, apicibus truncatis emarginatis vel obtusis. Ovarium 3-
loculare, parte inferiore ad hypanthium connatum; ovula 2 per loculum. Fructus:
hypanthium hemisphaericum, ovario calyce-lobum superanti. Semina reniformia, arillata,
c. 1.5 mm longa; testa minute coiliculata, brunnea.

Typus: 10 km North of Lake Cronin, c. 84 km E of Hyden, W.A., 13 September 1981,
A. Newbey 8798: (hole: PERTH; iso: CANB, K, MEL, NSW).

Low, spreading, or sometimes rounded, subshrub to 50 cm tall and 60 cm across;
branchlets slender to thick, woody. Leaves sessile, quadnfarious, overlapping, or rarely
distant and appressed; lamina oblong to elliptic or suborbicular, rarely lanceolate, obtuse
or rarely acute, 0.6-3. 2 mm long, 0.4-0. 8 mm wide, shallowly concave above and convex
to deeply convex (semi-circular) below, glabrous or with few to many white, short to long
and tangled, hairs on margins. Flowers 1-5 near tips of branchlets, solitary in axils of upper
leaves, erect; anthopodium 0.8-2. 2 mm long; peduncle 0. 1-0.4 mm long; bracteoles
cymbiiorm 0.8- 1.7 mm long, glabrous or margins produced into long tangled white hairs.
Hypanthium hemispherical, 1.7-2. 6 mm diameter; calyx lobes slightly spreading to
spreading, triangular to semi-circular to obtuse, 0.7-1 .2 mm long, glabrous or the margins
produced into tangled white hairs. Corolla light pink to almost white, 5. 0-9.0 mm across;
petals suborbicular to broad-elliptic or almost square, clawed, spreading. Stamens 10, one
opposite each petal and calyx lobe. Filaments of antepetalous stamens oblong or tapering,
rarely dilated near apex. 1. 2-1. 7 mm long by 0.6-0. 9 mm wide, apices emarginate, truncate
or obtuse, not exceeding anthers; antesepalous filaments oblong to narrow' oblong or
tapering, 0.9-1. 2 mm long by 0.4-0. 5 mm wide, fused to antepetalous filaments for half
to three quarters ol their length, apices acute to obtuse; anthers c. 0.25-0.3 mm long, opening
in parallel slits; connective gland globular to shortly cylindrical. Ovary 3-locular, top level
with staminophorc, lower quarter to half fused to hypanthium. Style stout, tapering,
reaching to halt way between antepetalous and antisepaloUs anthers, or rarely exceeding
antepetalous anthers; stigma barely capitate to capitate. Placentas oval. Ovules 2 per
loculus, collateral. Undehisced fruit: hypanthium hemispherical; capsule expanded,
exceeding calyx lobes. Dehisced fruit: hypanthium becoming flat; valves opening widely.

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

437

Fruit pendent. Seeds reniform, c. 1.5 mm long, arillate; testa mid brown, shiny, minutely
colliculate. Figure 1 .

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: 57 km S of Marvel Loch, K. Newbey%19?>
(MEL, NSW, PERT H); 16 km E of Lake Cronin Crossroads, E of Hyden on Norseman
Road, N.G. Marehant 12/741 (PERTH); 30 km NE of Swallow Rock, Frank Hann
National Park, c. 73 km ENE of Lake King, K. Newbev 6836 (NSW, PERTH); 13 km
SW of Mt. Day, c. 130 km W of Norseman, K. Newbev 5295 (AD, PERTH); 42 km W
of Mt. Glasse, Bremer Range, K. Newbev 5573 (AD, PERTH); 31 km W of Ponier Rock,
c. 75 km SSW of Balladonia Motel. Eyre Highway. K. Newbev 7323 (PERTH).

Distribution. Endemic to Western Australia, found from south and east of Marvel Loch
to Mt Holland, the Johnston Lakes and Frank Hann National Park, and one record from
near Ponier Rock, c. 75 km SSW of Balladonia Motel. Map 3.

Habitat. Rinzia sessitis has been collected in Eucalyptus concinna low open woodland.
Eucalyptus spp. very open shrub mallee, E. transcontinentalis open shrub mallee,
Eucalyptus falcata very open shrub mallee. Acacia scrub. C'allitris open scrub, mixed low
scrub and heathland with Grevillea excelsior and Triodia. The soils include white sands,
granitic loamy sands, deep aeolian sands and gravelly loamy sand. The species has been
collected in a variety of habitats, including a slight slope into a salt lake, gentle undulating
plains, a low laleritic ridge, a colluvial Oat and a slope above a freshwater claypan. The
broad range of edaphic, topographic and vegetation types in which this species occurs is
somewhat puzzling, given its fairly limited distribution.

Notes. A number of specimens of this species have white hairs along the margins of the
leaves, bracteoles and calyx lobes. These hairs are exceptional in the genus and the subtribe
Baeckeinae, they are considered to represent a recent development rather than to indicate
an affinity to species elsewhere in the Myrtaceae (i.e. outside the Baeckeinae) which have
hairs.

Hair-like processes, which occur in small groups at the base of the adaxial surface of
the antepetalous stamens, may be vestigial stamens.

The embryo has not been described since only one seed was seen and this was not
dissected.

Conservation status. Known from only one National Park (Frank Hann National Park),
at the southern end of its known distribution, where it seems to be not very common. Its
conservation status is therefore unsatisfactory.

Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the sessile leaves, in which R. sessilis is unique
in the genus.

12. Rinzia crassifolia Turcz.. Bull. Cl. Phys.-Math. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Petersbourg ser.
2, 10: 33 1 (1852). Type: Drummond 5th collection number 122, South West Australia (holo:
KW (n. v.) iso: MEL, PERTH ).-Baeckea platystemona Benth, FI. Austral. 3: 74 (1867).
Tvpe: Drummond 5th colin. no. 122, (lecto (here selected): K (n. v.); isolecto: MEL,
PERTH).

Prostrate or spreading to erect subshrub, to 20 cm tall and 40 cm across. Leaves slightly
spreading to divaricate, rarely appressed, distant to crowded; lamina straight or slightly
recurved, linear to narrow-oblong, occasionally oblong or narrow-elliptic, obtuse, 2. 0-9. 5
mm long, 0.5-1. 5 mm wide, shallowly to deeply plano-convex, smooth; petiole c. 0.1 mm
long. Flowers 1-6 (12) on a shoot, solitary in leaf axils; anthopodium 1.2-6. 5 mm long;

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

peduncle 0. 2-0.4 mm long; bracteoles narrow-elliptic to oblong; almost flat to cymbiform
1.6-3. 8 mm long, green or reddish. Hypanthium hemispherical to shortly cylindrical. 2.2-
3.5 mm diameter; calyx lobes erect, triangular to obtuse. 1.3-2. 1 mm long (longer than
hypanthium), green or reddish-brown with petaline margin. Corolla white, less commonly
pink. 7.5-11.0 mm diameter; petals suborbicular to broadly ovate with a stout claw.
Stamens 10, or rarely 12, in a cone around the style, one opposite each petal and calyx
lobe, crowded, not to slightly exserted, shortly fused at the base; antepetalous filaments
oblong, emarginate, 1.2-2. 2 mm long, 0.8-1. 2 trim wide; antesepalous filaments tapering,
0.9- 1.3 mm long. 0.5-0. 6 mm wide; anthers 0. 3-0.5 mm long, equalling or exceeding
filaments, opening in parallel slits; connective gland small, globular. Ovary 3-. or rarely
4-locular, globular to shortly cylindrical, equalling staminophore, lower quarter (or less)
fused to hypanthium; style stout, equalling anthers; stigma capitate. Placentas oval; ovules
2 per loculus, collateral. Undehisced fruit: hypanthium saucer-shaped, ovary expanded and
exceeding calyx lobes. Dehisced fruit: hypanthium almost flat; valves obtuse, opening very
widely. Seeds reniform. 1 .5-1 .9 mm long, ari I late; testa mid to dark brown, dull, verrucose.
Embryo filling seed; radical massive, cotyledons on a slender neck and appressed to radicle.

Selected specimens. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: Gooseberry Hill, Kalamunda, R.J.
Cranfield 1353/80 (PERTH); Youndegin, 1890, Alice Eaton (MEL. 76194); 9 km SW of
Calingiri. M.E. Trudgen 2I95(AD,CANB, MEL.,NSW,PERTH);3milesN of Watheroo
then 2 miles W, M.E. Trudgen 2199 (CANB, PERTH); Watheroo. C.A. Gardner 1948
(PERTH); Between Bolgart and Calingiri, S. Pans 1 1004 (PERTH).

Distribution. Endemic to Western Australia and found only from Watheroo south to the
Darling Range near Perth and eastwards to near Meckering. Map 4

Habitat. Known from heaths, Allocasuarina thickets and Wandoo (Eucalyptus wandoo)
woodland. Usually from areas with lateritic soils (sand or clay) but also from one location
with sandy soil over chert.

Notes. The habit of Rinzia crassifolia is quite variable, ranging in form from totally
prostrate to a small shrub.

The verrucose seeds are quite distinctive in the genus. Although somewhat similar testa
surfaces are found in some species of related genera, these species differ in a range of
characters including other seed characteristics and the number and type of stamen.

Occasional plants are 6-merous, their flowers having 6 petals, 6 calyx lobes. 12 stamens
and 4 ovary loculi, otherwise these plants seem perfectly normal.

Conservation status. Rinzia crassifolia has not been recorded from any conservation reserve
and is not a common plant, so its conservation status must be considered uncertain at
this stage. There are areas of State Forest within its range where it may occur.

Acknowledgements

Access to the collections of the Western Australian Herbarium is gratefully
acknowledged, loans of specimens were kindly made by the curators of AD, MEL, BRI.
NSW, CANB and CBG. Latin descriptions were very kindly prepared by Mr Paul Wilson,
who also read the manuscript making many constructive comments. The maps were
prepared by Miss A. Napier. Financial support from the Australian Biological Resources
Study program is gratefully acknowledged.

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Rinzia

439

References

Bentham, G. ( 1 867 ) “Flora Australiensis” vol. 3. (Reeve: London.)

Briggs, B.G. and Johnson, L.A.S. (1979) Evolution in the Myrtaceae evidence from inflorescence structure.
Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 102: 157-256.

Johnson. L.A.S. and Briggs, B.G. (1985) Myrtalcs and Myrtaceae a phylogenetic analysis. Ann. Missouri
Bot. Card. 71: 700-756.

Murley, M.R. (1951) Seeds of the Cruciferae, American Midland Naturalist 46: 1-86. (Quoted in Stearn, 1973.)
Niedenzu, F. (1898) Myrtaceae. In Engler, A, and Prantl, K... “Die Naturlichen Pflan/enfamilien” 3 (7): 57-105.
(Leipzig: Engelmann.)

Schauer, J.C. (1843) Genera Myrtacearum Nova Del Denuo Recognita. Linnaea 17, 235-244.

Schauer, J.C. (1844) Rinzia. In Lehman C.. “Pluntae Preissianae” I: 108. (Hamburg.)

Stearn, W.T. ( 1973) “Botanical Latin”. Second edition. (Newton Abbot. Devon: David and Charles.)

Nuytsia 5(3): 441-444 ( 1986)

441

Baeckea tuberculata Trudgen, a new species of Myrtaceae
(Leptospermeae, Baeckeinae) from South Australia

Malcolm E. Trudgen
1 13 Park Street, Subiaco, Western Australia 6008

Abstract

Trudgen, Malcolm E. Baeckea tuberculata Trudgen, a new species of Myrtaceae (Leptospermeae, Baeckeinae)
from South Australia. Nuvtsia 5(3): 441-444 (1986). Baeckea tuberculata is described to facilitate its inclusion
in the forthcoming edition of the Flora of South Australia. It is a poorly known but distinctive species from
the north-west of South Australia, with its morphology typical of section Babingtonia.

Introduction

Baeckea tuberculata has been known for some years, but only from poor material, it
has not previously been described because of this and because of a reluctance to describe
species in isolation. However, it would be unfortunate if the species were not described
prior to the publication of the new edition of the Flora of South Australia, which should
appear in 1986. It is related to those species placed in section Babingtonia and, except
for the prominent, tuberculate oil glands on the hypanthium, calyx-lobes, leaves, branchlets
and bracteoles, its morphology is quite typical of that section.

The system of subdivision of the Myrtaceae used by Bentham (1867) is used here simply
for convenience, the recent system of Briggs and Johnson (1979), is not used because it
has only been proposed informally.

Baeckea tuberculata Trudgen, sp. nov.

Frutex; ramuli, hypanthium, bracteoli et folia glandibus oleacis prominenti. Folia
opposita, linearia vel oblonga, 1.9-3. 1 mm longa, 0.5-0. 9 mm lata, semiteretia; petioli c.
0.3 mm longi. Flores per ramulosuml-4, solitarii in axilla foliorum superiorum positi, 5-
meri; anthopodia c. 0.5 mm longa, bracteoliis paribus subtena; pedunculi c. 1.2 mm longi;
bracteolae angustissime cymbiformes. Hypanthium hemisphaericum, c. 4.2 mm diam..
glandibus oleaceis tuberculatis dense obtectum: calycis lobi erecti, deltoidei. Corolla c. 6-
7 mm diam. Stamina c. 21, quaternae quinaque aggregata ante lobos caycis positae;
filamenta geniculata, teretia, c. 0.5-0. 9 mm longa; antherarum loculi connati, in rimis
divergentibus dehiscentes; glans conectivi ad filamenti partem superiorem connata, in poro
inter antheras dehiscens. Ovarium 2-3- loculare, hypanthio omnino connatum; stylus teres;
stigma capitatum; placentatio axialis. Placentatae conicae, tantum in centro ad axim
affixae, nec stipitatae; ovula in quoque loculo 6-7. Fructus ante dehiscentem: hypanthium
hemisphaericum; capsula e hypanthio protrudens. Fructus post dehiscecenteam:
hypanthium patelliforme vel hemispheraericum; capsula valvae osseae haud divergentes.
Semina dorsis rotundatis latis planis; hilum parvum; testa Crustacea crassa, pallide brunnea,
laevis; ovula abortiva in ovulodium evolvulentes isdem semina in forma coloraque; embryo
semen complens; cotyledones parvulae.

Typus: Dingo Claypan to Tallaringa road. South Australia, 6 July 1967, W.S. Reid s.n.
(holo: ADW; iso: CANB).

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Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 ( 1986)

Woody shrub. Upper branchlets white and with tuberculate oil glands, lower branchlets
light brown, larger branches grey. Leaves opposite, appressed and not overlapping to
slightly spreading and overlapping next pair for half their length, or rarely crowded, straight
or slightly incurved; lamina linear to oblong, 1 .9-3. 1 mm long, 0.5-0. 9 mm wide, semiterete,
tip recurved with a small point; oil glands on abaxial surface tuberculate, prominent, absent
from or only on tip of adaxial surface; petiole c. 0.3 mm long. Flowers 5-merous. solitary
in axils of upper leaves, 1-4 on a branchlet; anthopodia c. 0.5 mm long, subtended by a
pair of bracteoles; peduncles c. 1.2 mm long; bracteoles very narrowly cymbiform, c. 1.8
mm long, with small recurved points and tuberculate oil glands. Hypanthium
hemispherical, e. 4.2 mm diameter, densely covered with tuberculate oil glands; calyx lobes
erect, deltoid, c. I mm long, with tuberculate oil glands. Corolla c. 6-7 mm diameter; petals
suborbicular, c. 2-2.5 mm diameter. Stamens c. 21, in groups opposite the calyx lobes,
those near the insertion of the petals with longer filaments and shortly exceeding the calyx-
lobes; filaments geniculate, terete, c. 0.5-0. 9 mm long; anther loculi fused, facing
dow nwards, opening in divergent slits; connective gland fused to upper part of the filament
and opening in a pore between the loculi. Ovary 2- or less commonly 3-locular. completely
fused to hypanthium; style terete; stigma capitate. Placentation axile; placentas conical,
c. 0.5 mm diameter, attached to axis only in centre, but not stalked. Ovules 6-7 per loculus,
arranged radially around placenta, outer surface convex, sides flat, inner edge angled.
Undehisced fruit: hypanthium hemispherical, c. 5.5 mm diameter, thickened and hardened
but not woody, surface tuberculate; calyx lobes persistent, but dry and shrunken; 1/4- */2
capsule protruding from hypanthium. Dehisced fruit: hypanthium saucer shaped to
hemispherical; capsule valves bony, not opening very widely. Seeds varying in shape, backs
rounded, sides flat and converging to angled inner edge; hilum small; testa crustaceous,
thick, light brown to red-brown, smooth; aborted ovules developing into ovulodes with
the same shape and colour as the seeds; embryo filling seed, separated from testa by a
fine membrane; cotyledons very small. Figure I.

Figure I. Baeckea luberculala. A. Branchlet with buds. B. Stamen from side. C. Stamen from front. D. Fruit
from the side. E. Seed from the side.

All from the type.

443

Malcolm E. Trudgen, Baeckea tuberculata

Specimens examined. SOUTH AUSTRALIA: c. 45 km west of Tallaringa Well (which
is c. 140 km west of Coober Pedy), T.R.N. Lothian 2754 (AD); c. 45 km west of Tallaringa
Well (which is c. 140 km west of Coober Pedy). T.R.N. Lothian 2759 (AD); Spanners
Highway N of Emu, ± 132° E 28° S, W. .S'. Reid ADW33509 (ADW); c. 5 km south-east
of Tallaringa Well (Tallaringa Well, c. 140 km west of Coober Pedy), T.R.N. Lothian 2726
(ADW, MEL, SYD).

Distribution. Known only from the Great Victoria desert in the north-west of South
Australia. Figure 2.

Habitat. The only habitat information on herbarium sheets is that the species grows on
red sand dunes, apparently with Thrvptomene maisonneuvei F. Muell.

Flowering period. The type, which is in late bud, is the only flowering material known
and was collected in early July. As the species is found in quite arid areas flowering may
depend on the amount of rainfall in a given year as well as the season.

Affinities. The closest species to Baeckea tuberculata is probably Baeckea ochropetala F.
Muell., which is found in parts of the goldfields area of Western Australia (Comet Vale-
Coolgardie-Peak Charles-Queen Victoria Rocks). It has similar leaves but with oil glands
that while easily visible to the naked eye are not tuberculate, larger flowers (to 16 mm

444 Nuytsia Vol. 5, No. 3 (1986)

diameter) with longer anthopodia (0.5-1. 2 mm) and peduncles (2. 5-5. 5 mm), calyx lobes
which are horned, and fruit which are woodier.

Comments. As Baeckea tuberculata is only known from a few specimens, only one of which
is in flower, some caution should be used when comparing specimens to the description
given, in case specimens turn up which significantly extend the known variation of the
characters described. In particular the diameter of the flower could be somewhat larger
on better material.

In the specimens of Baeckea tuberculata seen the oil glands have been consistently
tuberculate, that is they are “wart like projections” (Stearn 1973) from the various organs
that they occur on; this a distinct contrast to the more common spherical or subspherical
oil glands as developed on Baeckea ochropetala. As no other species of Baeckea has such
obviously tuberculate oil glands, this character is diagnostic for Baeckea tuberculata.

Acknowledgements

The Latin description was kindly prepared by Mr Paul Wilson. Specimens were loaned
by the curators of AD, ADW and CANB, facilities for studying the specimens were made
available by the curator of the Western Australian Herbarium, S. Patrick kindly drew
Figure 1 A and financial support was given by the Australian Biological Resources Study.

References

Bentham, G. (1867). “Flora Australiensis” vol. 3. (Reeve: London.)

Briggs, B.G. and Johnson, L.A.S. (1979). Evolution in the Myrtaceae- evidence from inflorescence structure.
Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 102: 157-256.

Stearn, W.T. (1973). “Botanical Latin”. Second edition. David and Charles, Newton Abbot, Devon.

Publication date of Nuytsia Volume 5 Number 2: 22 January 1985

CONTENTS

New taxa in Gonocarpus and Haloragis (Haloragaceae). By A.E. Orchard 327

Notes on the informal subgenus “Monocalyptus” of Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) and the
description of three new upland species from south-west Western Australia. By M.I.H.

Brooker and S.D. Hopper — 341

New species and subspecies of the informal “Eucalyptus series Calycogonae” Pryor and

Johnson ( Eucalyptus series Aridae Blakely — Myrtaceae). By M.I.H. Brooker 357

Eucalyptus ferritkola and £ pilbarensk (Myrtaceae), two new species from the Pilbara

region of Western Australia. By M.I.H. Brooker and W.B. Edgecombe . — ... 373

Eucalyptus ceracea, £ rupestris and £ chlorophylla (Myrtaceae), three new species in

the Kimberley Division of Western Australia. By M.I.H. Brooker and C.C. Done ...... 381

Five endangered new species of Myoporaceae from south-western Australia. By R.J.

Chinnock — - — ~~ — 391

Bentieya, a new genus of Pittosporaceae from southern Western Australia. By E.M.

Bennett — — — 401

Two new species of Wurmbea (Colchicaceae or Liliaceae s. lat) from south western

Australia. By T.D. Macfariane — — ........ — - 407

Reinstatement and revision of Rinna Schauer (Myrtaceae, Leptospermeae, Baeckeinae).

By Malcolm L Trudgen — — — ~ ••••• — 415

Baeckea tuberculata Trudgen, a new species of Myrtaceae (Leptospermeae, Baeckeinae)

from South Australia. By Malcolm £ Trudgen - 441

Publication date of Nuytsia Volume 5 Number 2 - 444