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THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR THE 


STUDENT OF BIRDS 


PME NES TS ANDEGGS, 


VOGEL UINE X. 


ALBION, N. Y. 


1893. 


A. M. EDDY, 
PRINTER AND BINDER, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


1893. 


INDEX TO VOL. X. 


JAdvise Wanted....... Ute Re SL Rae 30, 72, 106 
_Z#pyornis, An Egg of. Pa isa 236 
Albatross, At Long eaen ‘California, An. . 88 
ANRANTROSS, SION -ps-coccecede | Geeaee ee se ree eseaseeceaaececoo 88 
ANTIDTIBOG Rh oe paced BeRE ge cecene an Ee enesic aeaecdceceneeceen 57 
ARTA OWI SE ce pesca PERE er Goo EERE eS 148 
Auld Lang, Syne..-.....-...---.---------eeeeees eects 205 
Baldamus, August Karl Edward.............-.-.. 332 
“TERME, LOGO) Osea eeeseeneene so eee ecu Reena nee nos 58 
TB THHSIS) ANS PASS a egncee seed asasepse= se sasaecccesecHure! 22, 199 
Bird Nesting in an Illinois Swamp... .....-....-.- 21 
Birds, Hints on Skinning and Mounting......... 86 
Birds of Henry County, Iowa, Notes on the._.325 
Birds, Queer Myths About ..... ......-. .-.--..------ 112 
-Bird’s Skin, How to Prepare a............-.-.-- 80, 225 
Bird Wit and the Lack of It .... .......-..------...: 283 
BibheLe AMEN CAN costes 2. concecnoe 43, 75, 83, 247 
Bittern, Croaking of the... ............----.-. 68} 
TSy Herod Let AS eee Cesena sae ees 22, 24, 43, 16, 249 
Bitterns, Among the Least .....................-.-..-. 210 
Bitterns in Henry Co.. Illinois, The Ameri- 
can and Least.....- ...-.eeee doonoooogcEacs 247 
Blackbird, A Tricolored......- 500 EIS ANB RE: 


Blackbird, BicOlOred.....-cccsecceceee seeeee--- 116 
‘Blackbird Red-winged... 


Rlalotelslelelelelaleioieieiereloloielao/ lh O: 


Blackbird, Yellow-headed........+2 ssssceeees 115 
TBA DARL o soo doanca soda baba Huoodomesedobo ude.) 
Tealelor ol soocagocave Earle ene ne te isiolelalelomietelnicrestereeyes 45 
Bluebird, Mountain.............6 SubdtoOboLbd 801 
Bluebird, Western.........- sO Gancodooabopaa eS 301 
Boat Suitable for Collectors..........+.0...--2d1 
BOE bh inooo done dGo0ON Oden coOu, Go00 nacodoosaug 307 
Bob-white, Plorida...........0.--+s Sodadoaae) ely 
Bog Bull........-- otiddapuou0on nse0.gdG0DODG 400000 83 
_Bog Trotter...........- Ggadso daocapooooDC docoantes) 
Bunting, Black-throated.......... Molnieinieietee coe 
Bunting, INdigo.......ceceeesecveescsccsene-e 29 
Bunting, Lazuli..c.c...:....seeee ao coolly) 
Butcher Bird .. ndonooncopdaaumacecth) 
Buzzard, European..... doosoab Saar acus nugodocem) 
Buzzard, Red-shouldered......ccocseese Gondos 273 
Buzzard, Red-tailed..... Aislerialiateinisteteralevere: 102, 139 


Buzzard, TUrKey.... 20... escssescecoe ses Oe) GOD 
California, Another Day with the Birds 


of Southern..... facogausecocd DosOOD nO oa code V7 
California, Bluebirds Of.....0...-seseee s+ eee 301 
California, The White-tailed Kite and 

Prairie FalCOnm 1M. ...cccsccccswccce cece sees 258 
California Trip, ANOther....ccvecccccccseecees 116 


Camping, A Few Hints on.................... 140 
Wana cilanwE ied sleet yatais\slelelsleleletelalsie elalaleieyelelateh eta 40 
Canvas-back, A Nest of nen Mclelelslaselciaevetsrarpeieteiie 320 
Wanciinalcrecree eleiele Hidloocodaan Gadcaoceac 21, 28, 276 
Catbindene cr re Se aaa cc A ch eo a ae ar 46 
Cathartes Aurd, Notes ON........e....... +682 
ChatmandeChitti SwiallOwar-reicrssineslaeaetoteacistetets G1 
Chiat. wYiellOw-bOVLedSted!s-/-.1.\-\. + sicicin elsieie cle sistals 45, 71 
Chewink.......... aiexeletelstareveraleietareletetsistcTerel stars Satnil 
(Chine exo), Crolllkeinbaver alin koa qoodindae qhoagGaode csc 42 
Chickadee VAVE rem hive na. scieteleleis eres isieieisictel ciel 152 
Chickadee, Carolina.......... aletsletelslatst eisicts pon ool! 
Chickadee. Ove SOM ere cet aleleietnlsisteleteststerae 204, 283 
Whi Ckenmsbiaiwdiayceree(isicies olviere cicketotototetetercicietalere ete 27 

Climbing, A Few Hints about.... ............ 332 
Clothing, Collectors............... Oi5rino dopobods 19 
Collecting at Night—Poetry.................. 317 
Coot, American........ Se sleyartha bretishtaa cae Set hitr | rere 21 
(WOWADUT Cy aeersrefeiereiclse) sloteelevarals 26, 71, 110, 198, 325, 326 
(Ofonyslowliyols} a dvetto0 Nooneonoaoudos pacconoN Gacudonss 21 
Cowbird Egg, The Tea (OW Bho senan dabeno acca" 
Crane.. goceGconce tafe ADGSOS acodod ats 
Crane, Sandhill. boncdicsbonrancdenaadas seb op 57, 234 
Creeper; BLO WA telccielelcisieieie Sog00 ct aisleimfetaisteleratsieiere 47 
@reeper, Nesting of the Brown... 05.00... 260 
MEUCLCISIA WAL mer mci iitertntiersistolelecsicheterertrele nis 107, 154 
Criticism, Not a.......... abaleisintatetaosraicisisieeeierseete 319 
C@LOWe PATEL CAM eterno! ststele icleietoreele Enpodadodnaonc 202 
Crow, A Trick of the...... Bancroumads Bac .. 8 
(OO, IMIOTIGIES & Socccnsadaotbecesnec onscadoc a6 & 177 
CLUS SGA SCION Cela -cieleleiiacelsertnemiecreciee 249, 285 
Cuckoo, Black-billed............ oelove/a/allslulelaeleveleepe oOo) 
Cuckoo, Yellow-billed.......... sanoas ote; 276, 326 
PA -CHiCTsarersteatela/alcisihulalcterereleversels (alesis lelels) ernie see eo 
Data Blanks... 2... 222. cccceescrceccccs eo cevcee 182 
Day, A TUCK Yicccccc..- vecece Sialeleloiaiia}u(elsialeale(eeee el 
aD) aiygel ALLO RVVOOGS Avarcieic) slsteienoielistsietersiorstacteiaernee 282 
IDNIE-GClEND TEP scro nooo oodnosdqo0bbGGds Ghodecuulbood 226 
DIPPeL ATE] CAM eeistelcll-felcileisislealeteeisies 57, 117, 283 
WOVE MO UEMIN ON ecleieietncielaieisieltele mrotelnieinielacsieiaialc ial ond! 
Wek VB aekeecle ciateiclelsteiete aietoleleloileteleielsinisielslelejereisialeitex Oc 
IDB (Ene NiGooe conccdoos000 isieleiefeierataisinval=toliateitenatilicse 
Eagle; Bald): 2.0... secs elelsioe wislosesieis oO) 140.5205 
Eagle, Bald-headed.......... Adadidoqudod sddo one 39 
Males G Qlalentrarseretcistelleletatsisicisinierstels/etersalaieiae 140, 295 
Hagile, Wihite-headed'..... 22.0226 cceccese css ce 295 
Hig Ay MamIM Oth cscs cisicanic cislcewic vieicaciieeie coo 


MPSS LOW LOPBIOW/etecicioolsiccieicie es jessie cena econ 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Idfefadsy, IWieehvabakes IN Ketsiionoe oooaoanco0 Geos UCb0 or © 254 
Beggs, Prepare More Carefully.......... «> --.- 100 
TOKE, IRDA e600 Goad onon oggdao ODedOU Cua udeE code 234 
Eggs, to Dry When Blown..... OQ odudes boudosE 154 
Hgret, American........... eevee seer ceccce elt, IDL 
Bonet, GUEALC TI. slaeceint teieleleleler = is) eleieieisle ~)=/e)s(eisi 74 
> Meret, Lesser... ..s0. 0. ee-  see ee oe: woe god6es 74 
Embryology of a Bird, The..... euaieioiieleis ote 178 
RHAREB 5 no 500 Goan pdoOdaaGOCObODOD DO Gd dosueendaa 57 
Escape. A Narrow.....-+.0+.---seceeoscee see O00 
Exchanges, Instructions for.................. 138 
Exchanging, Courtesy and Business in...... 186 
IDIOM. TACT) o 500 cocoddous00G0G seccee.-. 140, 260 
Falcon, Taking the Eggs of the Peregrine.. .169 
igtha@ial, IDES ba5co0G 69000 doddooonddeD s00000 ooo dl 
Minch, Texas SeaSide....00.... cesses see eeee UL 
Flat-head.. Hasobddda aoooC000 BHONCO DS coo) 
IMSS S66 S¢005 Gan0d b400 0050 bOb0 GOadNC 256, 284, 331 
Flicker, Gilded........ isle iniatoss'g a/eiarerniewtainre ieiela wien ie 30 
Flicker, Red-shafted.......... ........ 78, 254, 283 
Flicker, Yellow-shafted............02...5..-.. 331 
Florida and Other Notes. The Osprey in......23 
Florida, The Bere SHLMKeTOLe sesso 79 
Floridian Races.. Belek peiclecleincteciecioleiciciieie ee lio) 
Flycatcher, GER on na Nesting Bebe 08 
the Scissor-tailed......... 2. 224 
Mlycatcher; Dra Shc. . esse we Fie Heavens te, 235 
Hy Gcite MET WVN[ESOCEIN s\e 0/e\s/olelclclalsicislsiavelarelens|lste 79, 117 
Bl y-Up-the-Creek s'cececccsceccccsssee ceccee cece lt 
Gallinule. Florida........ Scoood napa ssoauells Bk CS} 
Gibbon, IR pkeles shoe! Gaondoanobpacu bone on50cs 24 
@ame bird of the Prairie, Lhe. ccceccse eae 303 
Geese, Remarkable Flight of..........e0..--.171 
Gnatcatcher;, BIUe-Bray...cecssscee +e. eee 47, 325 
Goldfinch, American..... ...-204, 300, 326 
Goldfinch, Arkansas............0. _.22, 116, 118, 204 
Goldfinch, Green-backed..........00...... 0000. 22 
Goldfinch, Lawrence’s..........cecceccesene se 118 
COS ave AMET Ca Meeieaciienisieicie eielaidateieterteiaich-to 139 
Goshawk in Illinois, Am erican............ 54, 107 
Goss, Death of Benjamin F.............-....-28l 
Grebe, Carolina.. BE aysieveiole acinar eeieeIoeieee eo 
Grebe, Pi-billed. ....0...+ cooc0a ores: 43, 226, 302 
Grosbeak at diss The Rose-breasted...... 253 
Grosbeak, Black-headed.........e.ce......... 118 
Grosbeak, MVening... ccc. ceccccccwwes sone 25 
Grosbeak, Migrated? How Far South Has 
the Evening.. obigduocDdbGboU ded SH coll 
Grosbeak, Rose- trenetodt! sdb oOCoE saen6e Or 
Grouse, Oregon Ruffed......... S0005 pba aoDOBO 203 
Grouse, Ruffed..... 2... ..c.cccvcvcescees Bepoee5) 
Grouse, The Sooty........ce. micleleieisiicisiieicia 48, 254 
Gull, American Herring........ mlelsietelorieiwercicte 114 
(hn). Ghean@lesoo see ono dodouddoc0o0ce hoodoo ole! 
Gull, Ring-billed........ jd0dcnoood DOUdOdeba0 os IE! 
Gun, CollectOrs.-.sco...seoee 00 pooDDO.bodaCS 17, 105 
Gyrfalcon........ sisieleleisioeleferelolel= iolelelelolislelersfatelstekl= 101 
Hades Plunger, Nesting Habits of the....... 226 
FIArVieY. ..sccyccvcesscr cece Hoodoo daDedd cabood callsts} 


Hawk, American Svarrow.... ........--. 101, 140: 
Hawk and Its Eggs, The Marsh.............. 277 
lawik, Broad-win ee dite cise ecleleleeerieiee 140, 272° 
dalehy kes (Coxe) osttiaodblagoe bocbooa Goouacce cos 138,325. 
Hawas Dicksienatcersceriseee 5 Waite gee 101, 140, 169- 
Pa Wik. ESI Gc eleleiey rece serra ie cee ee eee 23, 39, 53 
ISIE Aka eG MOI adgomads ONDbORawoG0o bebocc as 139) 
leeks INE WAS olosoe soonoDadesdo dear asdoe «.-.-20, 138 
Hawk, Mouse.......... ra iaate intoicheviesaie [eyetsieteiais SiseerNyS 138 
EVA Wilken PS COMM tere laie sistent elciele eicieloieloke eee 101 
Hawk, Red-shouldered........... 104, 139, 273, 325 
Hawk, Red-tailed........ ...... 57, 102, 189, 201, 325. 
Hawk, Sharp-shinned\...- 2... ..c.ace. ces 138, 300: 
Ele Hass TAKE MOOV Sas S65 50000 5560005000 5050 1389, 272 
Hawk, Unusual Nesting of the Sparrow..... 306. 
Hawks, The Sagacity of Fish..... Sptelssrases unas 53 
TEIN IDES 666 Goncao ddoode dona otoc Ad dou0Ob b-oa6 226. 
lelaeine ny agooncoocqoo ano Odds ooaDcOno Senn coos 273 
Heron, Black-crowned Night...... 22, 75, 203, 302 
Herons Great bluerssenesaeecee 73, 77, 103, 3802: 
TEIGiRoyel, (Gages gene quoncons6adosda56 y BY yest 74, 302 
1elerRoyal, Ibs AK) IBM Sssonacaogso b005 os0d0a a a0c0S 151 
Heron, Louisiana..... Ss Jae RR EE eel 
LEFOMA SM OWI Yer eeeeieceiiecinieeiceertinee etetaleierenstaiste 74. 
ERO AV MBE) er are) sles IO 0eddS HGobeC SRO oD 74, 151 
HeronsofeMichigancsssccassentine er eens 73. 
IBWETROVAYG IN con donseebeobb000 ooaK0 el5e Bocca ote! 
‘“Hooter”’ ...... slevoharetslelohasictelcte lees eieieieistoteteteieiatenetersts 140. 
Hummingbird, Anna’s.... 118, “t50, 223, 
Humimingb‘rd, Bineecummed. doroOd Soa060 118, 184 
Hummingbird, Costa’s.........0......... 184, 224 
lehbbeoboabbayedarueols IanbIOIS\GocoGoccGdon dood Goon encode 78 
Hummingbirds, A Flock of................... 183, 


Hummingbirds Nests, Twice Used.......183, 223. 


[Uinois River Valley, From an Ornitholog- 
ical Standpoint. 


Illinois Swamp, Bird Neshin® IbDVEN NSE Sososoc5 of)! 
Illinois, The American and Least Bittern in 


laleratAy-Ol)opancoono0c seo Bonneau dacodceu0s oe 247 
Tilinois, The Whip-poor-will in Stark Co..... 307 
Indian Hen............. eiciceioeters ae oe 75, 83. 


Information Wanted, In Relation to the 
Nest and Eggs of a List of Rare Species. .92 


Iowa, Great Horned Owlin..............0....- 87 
Iowa, Notes on the Birds of Henry Co.......325. 
allen Aaeviblesoodooensnedcarocuse cece GGGd00 4 DUNaG bs 383, 
Tehya lewibkeriidonayrelesssigoce ance nebo dood oasd0s06- 282: 
Jay, HlOrida Blue . 2c. cme cciee pnbocouoNdoacolli 7) 
Jay in Colorado, The Long-crested........... 232; 
Aen OMRON G dacidincoaebedcoucdss GoopCaoEOo Isto 283. 
SAYA SUGISL Siero lay-icisherelorevctarwlele elles lore eealcte etree eevee 282 
JUN COMORE SOM oajeyeistsiealeloleleieteteleelecene aie leene 204. 
AMnaxera, Silehcsoloreyolocgnon donoccassoosodods 2c6 57 
HEStrel eR eicisieieisicieleicisiceiere toils ic siejateraderets ole tetenets 275; 
TEGUDIGKEEIE S55 Sood douaoeoAgCoOdde bees bon00es vee U3: 
Kingfisher, Belted............ Gd0500) aodoas dead 303. 
Kae MASSISSIP Pilate erelciateleieisiciellinielelelsieteieisiciers teueialels 101, 
Kite, Swallow-tailed...........scccecssscee---+ a0: 
Kite, White-tailed..... Sdbad dqboaghooas ooandd 55 nals: 
Lark, Prairie Horned.......... ove. 143, 236, 326 
Lark, Varieties of the Horned........ vevcee ss 00) 


: THE OOLOGIST. 


Battin cd Co., F. He... 2s. Ange Jeon een sadoHe cls 
Lattin & Co., F. H., Plans for 1893... apoawecadece 153 
Gioads (Gun) for Collectors.... ........ 0... «2+. 18 
Loggerhead... nat nbpoosaceraa ascoodas dsl’) 
Loon’s Eggs, i Trip ib. sdobcnee nodes sacogane 171 
Loons Eggs, Something More about......... 229 
Magpie, The American..............-- .-..-- -211 
isihaVey, IN RES ROWAN Gaon Goon poop ouKS oobarcos.das 306 
Maryland. Some Shore Birds of Baltimore 
(CYOWTITUAY Soe oonon dade aang ooode AE asounSoqaosE 302 
Mangrove Trees........- malereryaishicielerenivokeiele sieved AO 
juin, (CW RNa S65. GQqgdoa up cnoub beds Hoop osudonodce 24 
- Martin, Purple.....-.....ee..-. sees sneer -29 
Meadowlark............. pocibeau coos accanp occa. 24 
WWievellina.! SiG aghzolsovllsjaano cooo oso Guo oo oend occ 101 
Michigan. Notes from Isabella Co............. 24 
Michigan, Raptores of...........- 101, 272, 294, 327 
Michigan, The Birds of..... casoado morootoana 229 
Michigan, The Herons of........ satetefovatoieyaterey ciatete 73 
Migration... oo cobsdasase vacugoaaCo Usb 298, 333 
Minnesota, Some Sparrows in.... .........6-. 41 
Moccasin, Bite of a Water........ cosoous0 casos (iS) 
IWG (ol zaba fen oT Koln pgCOO DU OH OGOE Ooo Rodd e== su oonsO ed. 46 
Mockingbird, False.............. Boab eesausa0se 79 
VISSER S IA Le wreleicisislensteletere cticl-/-\elle eleiels(eustels siete 58, 59 
Naturalist’s Association, Western New 
We@irlgadgaoocue cape ene obenuo Gesu soacea.s 262, 332 
Naturalist’s Outfit, A Field........... 17, 105, 109 
Nehrling’s ‘““North American Birds”’........ 154 
Nesting, Marly........ ccsseescecceeeecee eee 157 
Nest (Plum) Full, A.... .......-.2.-205- 2000 300 
Nesting, Rare.....0.......--- se. eee eee sense 205 
Nesting Site. A PecCuliar.............--..-,-- 331 
New York City, The Birds Which Breed in 
Central Park..........-- . 26 
New York Ce The ner Visitors of Gen 
tral Park.:..... Batitl 
New Zealand, ‘Habits of “ie ‘California 
Quail in........ nemdeoseoaus SUBS) aRueedk& 135 
Nighthawk.. Hod tedene DOOD exces vAAd ng aneaacae NAS 
Nighthawk’s Nest, The.. adigadabnonGoocoopacer 
Nomenclature, Tr anomiials: sack oeno pddanabons oo list 


North Carolina Birds Eggs, A Collection of..28 
Nuthatch, Brown-headed....es-seecoeeeree---- 470 


Nuthatch, White-breasted............ So onocd5 Yr 
Obituary... ~ea0o0 bd00 Maca oe USccogannere ly BS 
OOLOGIST, A Poems borne: sooo sodoleeno ho soos) 
OoLoGist’s, The HAND- Booxk.. prateivacrstexeleiceeia toe 59 
OoLoGist, The, Its Popularity.. Bsa el aaiotNE 
Te Oe: The, Contents of 91 Back eee 
jaedsiocogosonae ae uocrico de oons coopodontlels) 
QOlOZY ---- - ees cece nner eee sete cen etter es ene 318 
Orange and Black, A Study in.. dob odonoallsy 
Oregon Item, An.. pond ae tole ie 
Oregon, Notes eon Yamhill con dp oon cos} 
Oriole, Baltimore.. a0606 -284, 331 
Oriole, BUNOCK’S.....-.. sees esee eens cece ee ee ee 119 
Oriole, Orchard... : Sapa coool 
Ornithological Club, ‘The Cooper. Fee a280) 
Ornithologist’s Association.. ve ...23 


Osprey, American.. "23, 39, 53, 140, 303 
Osprey in Florida and Other Notes cold 6. 0016d. O28 
Osteology for Amateurs, Scientific........44,182 


Onn Birds invuMneirseaunts sy ane.-ciesieeaciner cor 
Outfit, uw. Mield Naturalist}s. 2... 2022 ace. a ee ae he 
Outfit, Camping and Collecting...................18 
Outfit Taxrdermistiseria. cesses iecieeta corals 


(QUEATIF AW ENING) Reenone - aban Aeeaaesene tae aBaHiBEe 117 
Oven-bird.. sodee Mic Rorite Phot ee are eee AO 
Oven-birds inasy Building. ROSAS nO bey ee OL 
Owl, Acadian. . sig Poh Sook Me poe BaD 
Owl, A Captive ercecs HOS CP MMBEMin es icrincksni ci’ 331 


Owl, American Barn.d3, 108, 140, 154, 296, 319. 329 
Owl, Barred..................52, 84, 140; 201, 230:-328 


Owl eBurrowanoeaoia neko eer ee ree 140, 234 
Owl Watsons ene Ore cis hea cremiee ae ae 140 | 
ivy Eek i chee Ue Sah g Wolctore area stmepioars iar uae 30 
Ovo MlonidayB apne diac) -fito erence aries 77 
Ad ATM KOMORI STO Reel Kors acagicacodes Raa teton 177 
Owl GreapG Vain verses) hoopxeeiol mato seI eee 32 
Owl; Great Horned. 2.52.05 s.0~ 53, 140, 201 
Ow ELO Oba eke yeicetrs nt ale ohe acre cresda re peaiae tacts 140 
Owl, Large Set of Burrowing.................. 204 
OWAGon'e-Caved vain, crac dala octets ne nee 140, 296 
Owl Marsh aie ato od Gu eee en ta toe bet I Sa 140 
Odie dE ikea anes eee sanbinAloreas ade an sehAbeecan esse) 
Oyadigaaaomeycckyomussssona eoocvovcvnsnserasee dae. 330 
Owls Saw-wihe@bee seine. ). ines DO OES O 


OWLS CREECH ene aerate mason Neen hiniaee eel en A0) 
OwlwShort-eanredi 2 ee Ne ARO, 
OYA SOLA ON ertese nen comoUuapoobopadandsden a cae) 


CWA Spotted seis Ge res Ta ee ey eon 236 
Owl, Wood.. Sees ae . 829 
Owls, Winter Golleeine or r Sometuning: about. 52 
PaAVAGISCPEIT OAs secular sir aa seek ee oN 224. 
Pari) cacheoie Aus pide strc ses eens 332 
Pavone y Calitomiiar yy. nye ce eee 254 
EChanKGhexey A Kowkaliphbals sae oneodbap kane sdoa ee ae 282 
iPartndgeRegaeg@edmnan.cpy)seee eee 276. 
ipa alee. Mee IPihbRoaVe Glee ne Goan po eaeees doa ca 232. 
Pertinacious Pernicious (S) Parrow.... .... 122 
IREWee BWC SUSETAUVOOUrr ar sare er re seen 184 
Jedoye Wien oy Olen WAAL SoMa AG Abe we uy ennui. 43 
pheasant; Mongoliaminn sacemc.isce sen ce oe 
NE AS ATUL SE ECUTT yes reser Sees eye erate res op aR a a 283 
Phoebe, A Peculiar Nesting Freak of the.. .182 
Phoebe Black ynan seco soatin sn eee doonod wat 117 
PIS eon wean Oeballe duce eam een i eee 113 
JeranPhll Del 4 Mae ocoecaut adh ade esau aaa wens 204 
PIOVERPHTO Gee ar esse ee ance eee See ae 236: 
Plover, Nesting of the Mountain............ 230 


Plover; Semipalmated: s. 7-7) .4..00--.0200) 40.6308 
RVING TNE Ce Arereraret TOR-EN ye reyes a se Pol ere 42 


IPM Bad dens yy aes ee oe ee ee FB, teBt 
PostaliardyArhiclesasssis, caterer 89: 
PLAITIOVE ODE ou cles assis ore EL Os: 
PRIZE CONTESTS, November (92).......... ..- 23 
December CIs wae eee 59 
J MUM AT Yin ciisceastia tee ee 90 
INGIWEVALK OS ob sawooa asad samt 
IER ROS A Goan Nanas aoe hone 152 
/2X) OF Lara ra RNG We 184 
MGA cobnneokescauadee pads .« s 212 
SUNOS ss eatic h he ioe 237 
dj? Waehsae Af 261 


THE OOLOGISY. . 
‘PRIZE CONTESTS, AuguSt...............-.....285 Swallow, Bam sens eine eae 106 
September................. BOQ Swell UO) vyjsy © iit es eee eee ete es ae eee eg 72, 184. 
OCtODEL ACE eee 309 Swallow, Rough-winged........ 00 ...2222.22.22ee ee 29 
November........-... . .... +3083 Swallow, The Rough-winged.........................106 
SPO WLS TIM Aen eactola ele ere ee ee slvele eka ERE 330 SiwallowsVaoletencentses slate ees 22 
CBRE en RGIUP i Sam aoa te Matava Ge Rit Ue Aalec ned 705) Swift, The Chimney 2... 208; 284 
Quail in New Zealand, On the Habits of the Managers Te OW Sia race ge es eee 184 
CHNMIOIIMNE, 656: ac05 sdoc0gcsogsdeeoacseeouce 135 Tanager, Scarlet.............. --.----.. 29, 59 , 307, 330 
Quail, INOW ASIEN NG se ao odieececadsossecocosabs olla gphay mee yexere. SibbamiaaKey O35 sya esc cog neoscesece coseaoetose. 29, 330 
Rail in California, Virginia ......2..0...0t-- jg, Taxidermy” “‘Davie’s Methods in the Art of. 58 
PANN ER Te rete e ty ele cise Wino Ue kati 21 43,57 Term, Black 2 ee cece estes 44, 231 
RAAT: Sores a Uae Kerala 2) 305 Tern, Caspain or Imperial...................2..2.....- 114 
Tash, \Waliefesib OIE) 2225 eo oeseces eacasaaseeaseeses Sacco ana bcn 154, 306 mek Bee Ste SMS, Gl Ain Ea ac ee a ~802 
peels WES ee PAA ee NGAI RUEL TNT HeeR Over a i OiCncolinatwrens in reavis ‘Co OE SUB Maeno 
ee cee PRGee Mace eres ay ar on Thrasher, Brown 
amble, W Rb Mitcae id eh Ausgle 1S RT AU a rae F 
Raptoresiof Michigan... 101, 972)204,087 Sas ce cna 
Raptores of Omaha and Vicinity...... ............ 138 Thrush. Sone 
: arya 260 306 0) EER =) ER ORS ONE ROO SSIS CONOR OS OOS OH OSECO ONS IS COSC Oncd 
Raven, Be! UGE Oe cooe sc aosnsacecBocen nah) Conesecoceon OU, : Thrush, Wilson’s 
ee ae jon TPIS, WOO nn ae 
Bed-tall, Western canon 78, M7180 Tiicase, tuted. aa 
Robin, American... 2 teen 48 MEOW GO ct) Le RGR ating 98. 51. 925 
TUOUIEGTEL NCES tlaa eon spose ase a peices nasa pas norte ae Mowers © alin orerai cpr cee saeesee eae a eee a ere 78 
Sandpiper, Bartramian ....-............2. 2... 2 ROWE Oy OCP OT eer eee cere ae eee 203 
Sandpipers aeastis a Mu Mi eet aeeel aie ANON MNES) SV OWUA ROL oe ence ceraceescsctcoes bedeesccsuosecoce 79 
Sandpiper, Semipalmated Towhee Wihite-eyed. 2). 2 eee 177 
Sajna lonjarere, SOM Re onckcencmn mcnhensoenersbemnusioacd Tribulations of the Oologist—Poetry...... ...... 122 
(SkewavelonyoVene, (STOO WMI anartasenee (ceponthcussaesoecocene econ Turkey, Some Notes on the Wild................... 293 
MO ADSUCK Er wh Chas ease yee senen yeti aueae ny oaeeue sees Rr Ke yy (Wai COT icc eI ee ee eee a 148 
So een Ne ape ay Vireo, Mountain Solitary ..... 0.2 29 
coun een Witeo, Red-eye sor inen nents a0 
Scissor-tail feet ein Ve ACNE ied RUN a DR Car EAU Up NIACIN ORC Vireo, Warbling patel ties tiie ite OE) BRC OSA0OCS SC) 119, 184 
ae LN TATE ts saat CL Nuss aga Waneo, Wiblite-e yea... 7550000 os eae 30 
‘Shore Birds of Lake Roland and Loch Ray- AEE), MONO Gis a Oat et Ty) TN Ge aa a a 29 
en, Baltimore Co., Maryland ........ ........... 302) ny gules Calif orn ae ee 49 
‘Shrike of Florida, The Loggerhead................. 7g  Wulture Eggs, Collecting Black... 2. BB 
Sy LELDOIROn awa etme op NUL MprelReuceape AU VAULLD ELI @ S070 ULE Ky 20s er eres eae eee 82, 255 
Siskin, Pime _-- 22... 2 eeesee eects 22, 307 Warbler, Black and White... 51 
Skeleton, To Prepare @ .......---2-2--2 12.2. 44,182 Warbler, Black-throated Green... 52 
‘snake Birds, Among the... /... 2 148 Warbler, Blue-winged............... Eee BRENNA CL 326 
‘Snakes in Florida, Poisonous ............. -..... 150 Warbler, Blue Yellow-backed.............. 51 
STON OOO ls TE PEKO) ee Sea caer soctncs ea suetaaaeacecdaads Wier, Camacho 51 
Snowbird, Oregon... Warbler, Golden-winged.................-. 183 
‘Sparrow, Clay-colored IVa] CT WETO OCLC Gla teen ce ene 46 
SEIDETANON Tg EMO oe cocoa oe ccoece titre casos os Warbler, Nesttng of the Blue-winged Yellow110 
Sparrow, FOX... eee eee eect oy  Nivehelalere, IE AWAMUI oe 
ISD AERO WHEL QELS |S! secs 8 ot vanenes ese reson asee eee Warbler Pine s.2.0) 20 ee ee 
Sparrow, Heermann’s Song...................... 78,116 Warbler, Prairle........... 0... 
Sparrow, Lark... esses eee een Warbler, Prothonotary.............0..0...--.-.. 
Sparrow, Leconte’s Warbler, The Golden Swamp 
Sue Rite cescteeesceeeceees Warbler, With the Prairie.......... 
Parrow, SwWaMYP......-..-----.--------1 senses eee Warbler, Worm-eating........ 
Sparrow, Texan Seaside. woes oa: 301 Warbler, Yellow Palm PAR 
Sparrow, Varieties of Song sen enteee serteee ee cee ee ---- 56 Warbler, Yellow throated::..05) Sai Daa 
Sparrow, Wihite-crowmedy: sss. ee 41" “Warblens!£wols.. a ee 
Sparrow, White-throated sae ee ence eee eewee 2+ ------ eee 41 W ater- Thr ush, Louisiana Pepe Mutu en aE. Nick 3 
ee a Minnesota, Some...........-..-.... -.. a Webb, Walter F. in Partnership with “Lat- 
POLIS GWE UG xg seee eee GUD AR ae esc ae Ge i) 2 RTL a Seo TES a A I an 
RSLS CMD TH ViGTy yee Aeon ce utente Nalige fv uON S 21 ae poor-will.. 
SCOOT VODs reer AUCs Sree ey Be 76, 83  Whip-poor-will in n Stark Co., Illinois, The.....307 


THE OOLOGIST. 


“WILSON, SCENES FROM THE LIFE OFALEXANDER 


His Early American Career........................ 147 
His Southern Subscribtion Tour................821 
Journey to the Falls of Niagara.................. 221 
The First Volume of the American Or- 
BPI TY OL OPN is. eae essccezes apse eas eewcto na wkaen eek Ene 269 
The Planning of his American Ornithology206 
The Progress of His Undertaking ...... ....... 245 
Wilson and Bartram the Naturalist ........... 175 
Avalis ova Tay SCO AE hae as Ree eee 110 
‘Woodcock, Peculiar Habit of the... -..-........... 232 
Wioodcock. The American 2:22.) 278 
Woodpecker, American Three-toed...... -....... 256 
Woodpecker, Arctic, Three-toed ........ ............256 
aVKoOoU pecker Black. 0 uses iis esse Les 256 
Woodpecker, Californian.........-......2...2--....2...: 79 
NVOOGDECKET DO WAY 2s eases -e see een becca 154, 256 
WUOOGMeCKEl GainGQMeh So -ens cennscossccenssnaa = vi 
NMOOG PEC KEr i Gill ayeires set setae nee asceenevoesactsesseeeeaans 30 
Woodpecker, Golden-winged...... ..-..........2.... 284 
Woodpecker, -Hiaitty..... 22-22 ie sessed. 25, 256 
avvioodpecker, Eviory-billed sce: eee ee 824 
Wioodpecker bileated se 24, 256 
Woodpecker, Red-headed ...............-.....--..-..256 
Woodpecker, Southern Hairy........................ 177 


WORLD’S FAIR NOTES. 
California Redwood Treg .-..... -....0002.2-.-... 16 
Columbian Half Dollars. 222 2 16 
Eggs Collected on World’s Fair Grounds ..153 


Jottings and Advice from Our Special Cor- 
RESPON GEG sseesk eee ees es ene! 


Lattin’s Exhibit 
IMEIMEN AC ALES ae tea one eee coe ee eae 
Natural History Notes 


OoLOGIST’s Exhibit of Eggs.................. -90, 154 
LEVEY ONIKC To yHON OOH EKO Ole ee eee ote 157 
San WOUSIE, TM ACYL ID oe Sees pene Geaaeen See la 157 


Wren, Baird’s 


Nunon Florida.. 
Wren Had Revenge, How : a Vernon 
WROTE OUS@ esc veces ashi Nimes 47 cle itp ete ieee et 
Wren, Long-billed Marsh 
Wren, Parkman’s 
AVA CTY GRO C Heap ab eee hy Ras eye eeeene aoa ei 
Wren, Short-billed Marsh 
Wren, Winter 


Yellow-throat, Maryland....................... enone 45 
PVC LLO Wiel @ oS aie tere pd eens rant ete meena Saree 302 
Yellow-legs; Greater Sate ee 302 


NB 
~~ 


Lae : 
fai Monthly. 


Laue ee a BRE 


| ALBION, N.°Y¥., JAN., 1898. 


£\ 
Sot 
Baraca sacar Sen > 


uly ; ase . 
VUMGOeRORseeachee BOO weANUS. ae 2 


*¢. 
oa 


50c. per Year. “3 


6 


Now 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department 


or 50e per #5 words. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 


rd. No notice inserted for less than 5uc. Terms, cash with order. ‘ 
poe Strictly First-class specimeus will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates, 
“DeALERS” Cap use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted tor “Wants” and ‘‘Hxchanges” only 


‘and according to conditions stated thereon. 


To say that Iam pleased with the Exchange 
Department of the OOLOGIS? is putting it rath- 
‘er light. By means of my recent exchange 
notice I have enlarged my collection by exactly 
$86.55 worth of eggs. “Let the good work g0 
-on.” Respectfully. A. MOWBRAY SEMPLE, 
‘Poynette. Wis. 


WANTEHD.—Breech loading rifie, Double bar- 
rel shot gun. Smith & Wesson..Colt or Reming- 
ton revolver. telescope, field glass, carpenter or 
painters tools. Will give good exchange in 
first-class eggs, silverene watch. books, papers, 
Couns, etc. C. BYRON VANDERCOCK, ee 

lls. 26 


TO EXCHANGE.—A1 Bird Skins for same or 
‘sets not in my collection. Send list and receive 
ciine. J. CLAIRE WOOD, 104 Abbott St., 
Detroit, Michigan. 


WANTED.—Some choice minerals. Parties 
jnavine large nice specimens for exchange. send 
dist. I have to offer, rare. clutches of Birds 
eges. WALTER, F. WEBB. Geneva, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Avyoung greyhound. Offer for 
‘same. Birds Eggs and skins,Mamma! Skins and. 
Siculls. etc. and if necessary will give a few $s. 
Write at once to A. MOWBRAY SEMPLE, 
‘Poynette, Wis. ; 


LOOK! 5x8 camera value $20, &0 stamps 

value $85, 150 varieties of eggs $20, 32 S. & W. 

perfectly new value $9.50, Shortwind Water- 

bury value $4. Any of the above at a BARGAIN 

for caSh or extra strong field glasses. . Address - 

Ga particulars ERNEST KE, LEH, Covington, 
a. 


FOR SALE.- A Safety Bicycle in good con- 
dition. solid tire, cash value $25 or will sell for 
part cash and any of the following articles, 
Camera, Coues’ Key, Books on Zoology, Orni- 
thology, Oology or Birds Eggs and Slains. 
NATHAN L. DAVIS, 314 University Ave.. 
Rochester, N. Y. 


WANTED. Vols. I and II of the Auk’ in 
00d condition. Will give part /cash. and part 
exchange in desirable sets of eggs. .§ THOMAS 
H. JACKSON, West Chester, Pa. J2t 


WANTED.—One large Ostrich egg and one 
set of 428 n-2. “Parties wishing to dispose of 
their eges or mounted birds will please send 
Vist with lowest cash price. W. C. PICKENS. 
Livingston, Ala. 


TO. EXCHANG .— Cecropid | coccoons, | in 
darge or small quantities, andato aa ae ee 
woods, also a few sets. lor sets., Skis, insects, 
relics, fossils. etc. £. DWIGHT SANDERSON, 
364 W. Warren Ave., Detroit, Mich. 


NOVICE.—Minerals. stamps. a few single 
seges. and insects. to es change for eggs in Sets, 
insects. minerals. stulied birds, traps. or bo ks 
on woodcratt. C. WiLL BEEBE, 73 Ashland 
Aye., Bast Orange. N. J. 


TO KXCH \NGE.—Books, Magazines. 3 vols. 
Y¥outh’s Companions. Golde; “Argosys. and 
birds eggs. to exchange for Buss eges. Indian 
welics. Climbing irons or Ornithological books. 
as. J. ZLOTSHFORD, Medina, N2y¥. 


HOR HXCHANGE.—Somie fine clutches of 
Chachalaca. St. Domingo Grebe, Amer. White 
Pelican, Texas Sparrow, Baird’s Woodpecker, 
Texas Thrasher, Curve bill Dorasher,and many 
others. Wanted fine bird skins, and minerals. 
Will also take a few large saowy shells and 
corals. WALTER F. WEBB, Geneva. N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE... A Puzzle Key Ring and a 
beautilul Check, with your name and address 
engraved thereon. attached. for 35¢ worth of Ist 
class sets, or singles listed at 10¢ or over. 1st 
class-eges to ex. for toy machinery. ERWIN, 
KEITH, Ottawa, Kansas. 


POR EXCHANGE.—Cacti and other plants 
for cacti or rare plants or bulbs natiye or for- 
eign. Write first stating what-yyou hx»ve. AR- 
THUR STALEY, Wullerton, Orange Co., Cala. 


A NEW 4 cal. model 1873 Winchester Rifle 
for a Smith & Wesson revolver 3% or 38 calibre. 
J. R. CRAIGUH, Minnewaukan, N. Dak. , 


TO KXCHANGH.—A few first-class skins, 
ani mounted specimens ot Lap-and Longspur. 
Make offers. WHIT HARRISON, La Crescent, 
Minn. 


2 THE OOLOGIST 


TO EXCHANGE.—About three thousand tin 
tobacco lags, to exchange tor any kinds of bird 
eggs, in singles or sets. (The party sending 
ix. did not give address.—E\D.) 


TO EXCHANGE.—8 Youth’s Companions 
and 100 cigarette pictures for best offer of tirst- 
class eggs in sets with data. JAMES Mc- 
CRACKHN, 4B Kendall St., West Chicago, Ills. 


WANTED.—Butterdlies, relics, 
museum. SHEBACH, Peru, Ills. 


WANTED.—Any species of Aricularia. Hlo- 
dea, Vallisneria, Potunroyeton, and Linna, also 
fresh water gasteropo.ts. Will give pshells, 
plants and other specimens JOHN BRIb- 
WELL, Lapeer, Kan. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fine fossils for 
sea Shells, Indian implements, or curios. 
KNOAaA, Silver Creek. N. Y 


TO EXCHANGE —'Tobacco tags and foreign 
stamps ior eggS or OoLOGIST, OOLOGIST prefer- 
red. Send lists and receive mine. LAWRHNCE, 
APPLiWTUN, Haddontield, N. J. 


curios for 


fossils, 
dla, fi 


PICCOLO, (cash value $3.50) to exchange for 
best offer of eggs in sets. Also a numoper of 
good novels. Writefor list WILFRED H.Os- 
GOOD, San Jose. Cal. 


DEAR SIR:—I enclose herewith “copy” for 
an exchange notice which 1 would like to have 
inserted in next issue of the OoLoGisr. Ten- 
close herewith in payment for same ‘0c. im 
stamps. I find thatan exchaprge or want no- 
tice in your magazine always brings more re- 
plies than from any paper I’ve ever tried. 
Very truly, THAD. SURBER, White Sulphur 
Springs, W. Va. 


TO EXCHANGH.- Thirty varieties foreign 
stamps, catalogue value thirty cents, and 
dime album, for an egg of Cakifornia Murre. 
WATTAGE LEE, So. Otselic, Chenango Co., 


$150. Rre Sets and singles including 
Eagles. Hawks, Hummers, &c.. and a small 
stock of Calif. curiosities, to exchange for Bi- 
cycle, Revolvers, Guns, Stamps, ete. Allans’d, 
C. TURTON, Los Argeles, Cal. 


WANTED.—Strictly first-class singles (large 
eggs preferred), aw pair of strapped climb ng 
irons (new) and a 22 Cal. rifle for 1uuU U. S. and 
foreign postage stamps, value $20 Address R. 
SANFORD. 1/ Cottage street, Rutland, Vt. 


WANTED.— Birds in tae meat, Hawks. Owls, 
Shrikes. Buntings, Jays,ete. in exchange for,.st 
class sets With fulldata. EK. B. PECh, 15 Park 
St., Canandaigua. N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—"'Davie’s Nests and Eggs” 
last edition, cloth bound, new, for best offer of 
other works on Natural History, botany and 
ornithology preferred. State binding, date, 
condition. etc. A.O. GARRHTT, 1425, Ky. St., 
Lawrence, Kansas. 


WANTED.—Back volumes of papers and 
standard books on Ornithology and Oology. 
Also pocket Cases of instruments, 'axidermical 
anu Oological. Cash orexchange given. ROB- 
DRT A. CAMPBELL. Hanover, N. H. 


WISH to exchange old United States and 
foreign stamps, fragments of Indian pottery, 
curios, etc. for Indian arrows and stamps not 1n 
my collection. ARTHUR LOHMAN, ‘Two 
Rivers, Wis. 


ALLIGATOR EGGS wanted in hundred or 
thousand lots. Must be first-class, side blown. 
Write stating quantity you can furnish. with 
cash or exchange price. I would also likea few 
hundred snake eges. FRANK H. LATIN, 
Albion, N. Y. 


AMERICAN HISTORY.—I desire, at once, 


the rollowing books,either new or second-hand, ~ 


Bancroft’s History of the United States, Ban- 
croft’s History of the formation of the Consti- 
tution ofthe Unit-d States, Fiske’s American 
Revolution, Frostingham’s Rise of the Republi: 
of the U.S., or any other. Standard Works on 
American History. I will give in exchange, 
Shells, Corals, Indian Relics, Minerals, Birds 
HKgegs or other curiosities. Send discription of 
what you have to offer and state what you want 
for the same. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. 
Ne 


OOLOGISTS WANTED.—I want covies of 
Jan -Peb., 1£87 or Dee. 1886 with Jan.-Feb., 1857 
attached, and June, 1£88 OOLOGISTS. I ‘also 
want copies of my 18% ‘‘Vologist Hand-Book”. 
For each copy of the above three publications 
you willsend me before Feb. Ist L will give a 
copy ot the “New Standard Catalogue” or a 
White Metal Blowpipe or an Einbryo Hook or 
a copy of ‘Insect Collecting” or 25 cents worth 
of 1890-1891 or 1892, OOLOGISTS. FRANK H. 
LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


YOUR JUDGEMENT is wanted. On March 
1st Ishallissue a iew supplementary pages to 
the New “Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds”. 
If you pose-s a copy and in your honest op:n- 
ion you are convinced that the prices should 
either be changed or added to certain species, I 
shall consider it a personal favor if you will 
give m: the benefit of your opinion at an early 
date, not later than Feb. 15th. Your opinion 
will be most carefully considered and whether 
adopted or not a complimentary set of these 
pages will be mailed you gratis. Faithiully, 
FRANK H. LATTIN. Albion, N. Y. ; : 


“Nature’s Serial Story.” 

As told in the monthly “California Traveller 
and Naturalist.” is interesting and vzrialle. 
All branches of Geography. Natural Science, 
and Observation, our specialty. One year for a 
silver dime. Samples Free. A specimen free 
to the 300 new subscribers enclosing a stamp. 
216 South First St.. San Jose, California. Jet. 


Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest, 
i strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, 
most accurate, most compact, and most 
modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. 
Catalogues mailed free by : 


The Marlin Fire Arms Co. 


Cown., U.S. A. 

i Sead 

ALL iui. e trameuctiousin Birds Legs should 

be and with “La tin” mst be bared on the pric- 
es given in the New “Stiuuaaru Catalogue.” 


: THE OOLOGIST. 8 


We quote the following Liberal Offers until Feb. 1st, 
ON EGGS OF THE FOLLOWING SPECIES.. 
Orders of 50c. or over sent prepaid, under that amount 5c. must be added ior postage and packing. 


For $1 ae you can select Eggs to the amount of $1.50 
te 2 ot te 


.O 3.50 
8.00 : 6.00 
5.00 . Wl eets) 
0.00 Y 25,010) 

25.00 75,00 


This offer will hold good until Feb. Ist andis doubtless the only chance to obtain eggs at so low 
a rate of us during 1893. 

All specimens will be carefully packed in strong tin or wooden boxes and sent at purchaser’s 
risk by mail, or at our risk and purchaser’s expense by express. 

SECOND- CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-half the price of 
a first-class one. Parties ordering sécond-class Eggs must name a list of extra Eggs to be nsed 
as substitutes. 

SETS. We can furnish sets of species preceded by *. 

A POINTER.—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some cheap egg, not fouud 
in their locality with local collectors for specimens worth many times as much. Many wide- 
awake collectors will doubtless lay in a large supply for this purpose. 

I might add that if your collections arein need of any species included in (oter, an opportunity 
to purchase at so low a rate may never occur again. 


HornedsGrebes es. acco AN) o> RIDGES IB IIHeN cals es foo YO) deel saya veneer 3 50. - 


*American Eared Grebe. 15 Great Blue Heron.............. 25 *American Sparrow Hawk 20 
*St. Domingo Grebe........ 50) Snowy Heron... 15 *American Osprey.............. 50. 
*Pied-billed Grebe............ LOPE MRNeACIShen ore te earns 35 American Barn Owl........ .. 30 
*Black-throated Loon....... 150 Louisiana Heron............... 12 American Long-eared OWl 35 
*Red-throated Loon...... Po ee leibule Biliereeron2 4: Beale aestsavere Cia @)wileenselerennse eesun an 1 00. 
INTO Sye3 Pe ae a See =) 20) Eneeera Vetere. ee 12. Florida Barred Owl ....... 1 25 
*California Murre.............. 20. *B’k-crowned Night Heron 12 Screech Owl..................... 50. 
Ney EaTb i eee oe acter ean) DE eg 50 Y’w-crowned Night Heron 20 Florida Screech Owl......... 50. 
Parasitic Jaeger Uae silks Diab eat 03) Kea heeae sieve eee eae ” Texan Screech Owl _......... 50. 
Kittiwake ....-5....... 40 Virginia Rail--.-2-.. 2). 20 || California Sereech Owl. »50: 
lenin SCs aes. OMe SON aie lee Nese At Meet aera 10° Great Horned Owl _.--.._._ 1 00 
American Herring Gull... 20 *Florida Gallinule............. 10 Western Horned Owl......... 1 00. 
IWC Was Gua aE ee eon ~Americani Coot. 2225. s + 08) *BurrowingiOwl... 2...) 9 1b. 
Taye ales lbasy Cab eee ene eens 35  Wilson’s Phalarope........... 75 Groove-billed Ani............_ 1 09 
Caspain Term................. 50) HKuropean Snipe _-... 3 = 3d) avon MolsebuMnaKere > Ds 
Royal) Terns 40 *Bartramian Sandpiper. .. 38) *Yellow-billed Cuckoo aie, 15 
Cabot’s Tern ...... 40 *Spotted Sandpiper... . 15 Bilack-billed,Cuckoo...*....... 15 
Forster’s Tern.... 10 Long-billed Curlew, Bae ce 100. Belted Kingfisher............ 20, 
Common Tern =... 08  Whimbrel .~ 30 Hairy Woodpecker... Sa 50 
ING GG. MMEID NS ane cose aaa see 10 *Lapwing ee 15 Southern Hairy Wooa- 
BOCAS Ue Iniewene nse es : 08s Golden Plover. es 3240) pecker .. Ss - 1 00. 
ESOOpyA Rennes Ses sie By, OSGI NOX XSa Bee ee ig eM 20 Harris's Woodpec!: er . 7D. 
“SI BTETOUerol Newel ale ee yo Nes ee 100 Ring Plover . 20 Downy Woodpecker .......... 20 
Black Tern IQ) 1SXo Vo \yviaubare, je : 10 Gairdner’s Woodpecker... 50: 
SIN OGGiyagee een oe 50 *Florida Bob-white..._........ 15 Red-cockadedWoodpecker 1 50. 
rol aMUilaaley pee see ee cathe) Gey. AMebres al IBXOV OS Mahie ae 10 *Baird’s Woodpecker ........ 1 00. 
Manx Shearwater 100 *Chestnut bellied Scaled Wh te-headed Woodpecker 1 00 
*Audubon’s Shearwater... 1 50 IP ei penGkeyey se 85  Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. — 50. 
Stormy Petrel | =). ‘OQ California Partridge 10 Williamson’s Sapsucker... 1 00 
*Yellow-billed Tropic Bird 2 50 Valley Partridge...._.... Pee) Oe ACC OMVOOGD EC KCI 1 00. 
PES OOM Yr as cs can anu | 0, Ia) rsuiiedsaGrouses 15 Red-headed Woodpecker... 08 
(Gianna pase Feeney 35 Willow Ptarmigan _...... 100 Californian Woodpecker... 40 
Cormorant: sane DOR COM Lock Ptarmigan ses 1 00 Lewis’s Woodpecker......... 35 
*Double-crested Cormor’nt 2 *Chachalacs............ 75 Red-bellied Wooipecker... 2b. 
Farallone Cormorant... ‘QO “White-crowned Pigeon.. -100 Golden-fronted Woodpec’r 50. 
*American White Pelican. 3 *Mourning Dove................ (OB WS IMUKON SHO oa cee biemeda maeoeu tie 03 
*Man-o’-war Bird.............. 1 UO White-fronted Dove... 35 Red-shafted Flicker........ 10 
American Merganser ..150 *White-winged Dove......... 20 Chuek-will’s-widow ........... 1 50 
Red-breasted Merganser... 75 Ground Dove _.......... ...... AO Wes Niobe ilcence ee ees eee 40 
Muropean Deal 25... _ 20 Mexican Ground Dove... 5) Western Nighthawk ..__... 40. 
Green-winged Teal............ DO COODEH Sweaty keene 30 Texan Nighthawk............ | 40, 
*Blue winged Teal...__...._.. 0) IBIBW ARIES) Jalemnlte eo tiU Chimney Swift ...... ......... 2, 
Canvas-back ........ .. Seeded 125 Red-tailed Hawk ........ ...... 50 *Ruby-throated Humming- 
Barrow’s Golden-e\e........ 100 Western Red-lail............. a0) bird - 50: 
TR oKOlehy. Iwi a E 35 Red-shouldered Hawk ...... 35 *Black-chinned Humming- ; 
*American Flamingo......... 100 Florida Red-shouldered Kin AAAs ee UU 50. 


American Bittern, BE AN! Vi) Ea Wilcke eg DIN at 65 *Costa’s Hummingbird...... 72, 


4 THE OOLOGIST. < 
*Anna’s Hummingbird... 50 Ch’stn’t-collaredLongspur 385 #White-eyed Vireo............ 15 
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. 10 Vesper Sparrow......:....... . Oa) IBXSNUSS WaeeVo)- 2 ee a 
TeGipayeyorb RGN os ee 03 Western Vesper Sparrow. 15 Prothonotary Warbler... 25 
Arkansas Kingbird............ 06 Oregon Vesper Sparrow... 25 SBlue-winged Warbler... ..... 1 50 
‘Crested Blvgateners. fae oN Ses 12 Savanna Spavrrow.............. 10> Mellow.Wiarbler = 05 
Phebe. E ....... U4 Grasshopper Sparrow ...... 20 Magnolia Warbler _.__ nema {o0) 
Say’s TEINGTS es ees 15 Western GrasshopperSpar- Black Poll Warbler ......... . 75 
Black we niceerny ase 15 GONNA irie ects ae age a SOPs 20 Prairie Waabler_....... Slane! 
Wood Pewee ........ ............ 12 Lark Svarrowe.) 2 | 05 Water-Tbrush.. 50 
Western Wood Pewee ...... 20 Western Lark Sparrow... 05 Louisiana Water-Thrush. 50 
Western Flycatcher......... 20 *Gambel’s Sparrow ........... 15 Maryland Yellow-throat.. 12 
Acadian Flycatcher ....... 15 Chipping Sparrow __........ 02 *Yellow-breasted Chat..__.. 08 
Little Plycatcher............. 25 Bield’Sparrows oe 030 aon ge-tanledy @hiaithe sees 15 
Mravlwsmely cateheras sss 15 Slate-colored Junco 20 American Redstart........._. 15 
Prairie Horned Lark...:..... 16 Black-throated Sparrow... 35 American Dipper ........... 1 00 
Desert Horned Lark ......... 20) Sous Sparrows. 02 *Mockingbird oes 
‘Texan Horned Lark... .. 80 Desert Sone Sparrow....... sbi, A Cabbir Giese olan iis ee een 02 
American Magpie _..........2 15 Heermann’s SongSparrow 10 *Brown Thrasher ............. 03 
Yellow-billed Magpie ...... 35 Samuel’s Song Sparrow... 0s *Sennett’s Thrasher... 15 
IBM AB lyiecses ie se kee denen. 04 .Swamp Sparrow ........ ..... 12 *Curve-billed Thrasher... 15 
Florida Blue Jay.........2.2 85 =tDexas Sparrow. ...._....... 0), *@alifornia Thrasher <0 
California ayoue eo Oise ONVIENE Clee eaten sn SUN aULN Oot CARS VVERe Taye rea deme y 
*American Crow:.............. 05 “Spurred Vowhee -.2 0. 20) -Bewick’ss“irens 2 20 
Viorica row ieee 35. *Oregon Towhee _............ Bw WOON SS Wee ay Joe ton BOS es 25 
Northwest Crow ....... {-..... 85° California Towhee _...... 10) Sp sain disnVarense eee. Ses aNEE 25 
HIiSh Oxrow a leh ee eae Gay EA ORMOND MEN) Newt saa) Be oe 03 House Wren... a Pa Us: 
eee 5) 0) Sablso-cehal @eheclinake oe 85 Western House Wren... .. 08 
Bobolink... 25 *Rosebreasted Grosbeak. 10 Long-billed Marsh Wren. 05 
COW IPG enue Hike eau Ie, 03 *Black-headed Grosbeak... 15 Mulei Wrens) 0) aeenes 12 
*Dwarf Cowbird____.. 10) SBilwe Cro sbealks sees 20 White breasted Nuthatch. 35 
*Red-eyed Cowbird 40 Western Blue Grosbeak... 25 © Slender-billed Nuthatch”... 75 
*Yellow-headed Blackbird 03 Indigo Bunting... 08 $Brown-headed Nuthatch... 25 
*Red-winged Blackbird... 02 lazuli Bunting... 20) Lufted @itmouseee. . 3d 
*Bicolored Blackbird ........ 10 Painted Bunting .... 10 Texan Tufted Titmouse. _¥ 
*Tricolored Blackbird... 1 5pe ee DICkKCISSe lies eee eae es Os) 9 TP ikeniarabihqamoybisyey 50 
“MICE KClOneyelke NO) Abewelke 1esuway j havens 25- Chickadee . preter igyalee 
*Western Meadowlark... 10 Louisiana He encore SO Sth 75 Oregon Chickadee _ ry Wa ee ara 35 
*Orchard Oriole .............. (06 Scarlet. Tanager... _... % Carolina Chickadee... 15 
*Baltimore Oriole —....._. 05 Summer Tanager Rape NSN ie % Californian Bush-Tit..._ 15 
“Bullocks Oriole) 7a) 108 2EuiplesViar, tines ea eeeees ADs AVIS GTA iris Ee ek ne ee eNOS 39 
*Brewer’s Blackbird .._... 035 *Clitt Swallow. . 08 Blue-gray Gnatcatcher__... 20 
*Purple Grackle .......... 05 Barn Swallow................. 05 Western Gnatcatcher..... 50 
Florida Grackle 10; ree Swallow eee iy. Mivroyoyal WMayewisin 2 ce 06 
*Bronzed Grackle 05 *Bank Swallow... ... 03 Walson’s Thrushy so ss 12 
Great-tailed Grackle........ 15 Cedar Waxwing... 10 *Russet-backed Thrush... 15 
Boat-tailed Grackle........ lay > Leone ihovny oyeyouay a 385  Olive-backed Thrush....... 35 
*House Finch 05 *Loggerhead Shrike _.. __.. Gish) lelterranbh nM onesie ee 30 
ILE GON ea Aube voy 35 *White-rumped Shrike __ 08 *American Robin... (03 
“American Goldfinch _....... 05 *California Shrike... 08 Western Robin ens 10 
Westérn Goldtinch 10) > Red-eved) Wareo 2 10 eS otras en ee ces 62 
“Arkansas Goldfinch...... 102] Wiarbline Var cot spss 1D pe NVestern: Bilebin diets] amen 
Lawrence’s Goldfinch ___ 20 Yellow-throated Vireo_..... 25 Mountain Bluebird... Se, 
English Sparrow............... 02 


Address Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N. 


; DR. TAFT’S 
Instead of flying to the door gasp- 
ing for breath, seeming asif each 
one would be your last, you have 


only totakea few doses Asthmalene when the spasmis broken, the prauthine becomes 
easy and you feel as if an angel of mercy had unloosed the iron grasp of the fingers 
of death. The happiest moment of your life will be when you have used a few bottles 
of Dr. Taft’s ASTHMALENE andit has cured you of “ig and prove 
Asthma. We mai/to any Asthma sufferer a trial bottle that it does 

Sold by druggists. Dr, Taft Bros. M. Co., Rochester,N.Y Cure Asthma. 


y 
i: 
- following name denotes the time when your sub- 

scription expires or has expired. The figures are 
- according to our books Dec 10, 1892 and renewals 

Sent since that date have been credited on our 


ooks, but not on the label. 
56 signifies your subscription expired 


- **80—75cts. 


6066060600006060060006000006000006660 


® 


THE QOLOGIST. 


if mad® eas Mayuufaccure- 
: ing RubberStamps.Send 
" for Price List of Outfits. 
{ toJ. F. W. Dorman & 
| ee Co.. 217 East German 


Street, Baltimore, Md. 


Examine the little rose-colored address label 
on the wrapper of the OoLoGist, The number 


June 1890. 


62 es Dee. W 

68 O — £6 ee June 1891, 

a a : phar eGh 3 .ct 

80 es = ws ee June 1892 

86 “ es Ww will expire Dec. ss 

92 “es ‘ee “e oe ae June 1893 
4 98 te oe Dec. ee 


We are desirous of straightening our subserip- 
tion books at once and trust our subseribars will 
send in their subscriptions for ’93 including all 
aarrearages. at their earliest conveniences. the 
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as 
foilows: 

“56"—$1.75. *62”—$1.50. *'68’—$1.25. “74”—$1.00 
*-86"°—a0cts. 

Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip- 
tion to the OoLoGIsT your indebteduess to us is 
»0 cents less than the above amounts. 

mission. Be quick. Goods on 


0 credit. Samples, etc., Free. MUL- 


TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Phila..Pa. 
Department No. 171, Philadelphia. Pa. 


Can coin big money. Bran new 
plan. Great craze. Just out. 
Goo side line.”” Biggest chance 
ever offered agents, salary or com- 


BOlCSCIO1N99OOCOHNOCODOHOOOODOOOOCO 
HE RIPANS TABULES regulate the stomach, 


liver and bowels, purify the blood, are pleas- 
always effectual. Areliable 


eee Female Com- 


Nettle h, ainful Diges- 
tion, Pimples, Rush of Blood 
to the Head, £allow Com- 

lexion, Salt Rheum, Scald 
read, Scrof- ula,Sick Head- 
ache, Skin Dis- eases,Sour 
Stomach,Tired Feeling,Torpid 
Liver, Ulcers, Water Brash 
and every oth- er symptom 


or disease that results from 
impure blood or a failure in the proper perform- 
ance of their functions by the stomach, liver and 
intestines. Persons given to over-eating are ben- 
efited by taking one tabule after each meal. A 
continued use of the Ripans Tabules is the surest 
cure for obstinate constipation. -They contain 
nothing that can be injurious to the most deli- 
cate. 1 gross $2, 1-2 gross $1.25, 1-4 gross 76c., 
1-24 pross 15 cents. Sent by mail postage paid. 
Address THE RIPANS CHEMICAL COMPANY, 
P. O. Box 672, New York, 


©0000008080000000000000000000000 


© 006060968960 6000009580080000000000000 


2d Hand Books.—I will give at all times 
‘good exchange for second-h ind copies of any 
book I offer for sale. {£ desire at once good cop- 
des of “A. O. U. Check-List,” and Baird, Brewer 
and Ridgeway’s “History of N. A. Birds’’—both 
“Land” and Water Birds.” Will pay cash. 
ERANK H..UAPTIN, Albion. N. Y. 


13 


Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa Specialty. 


ScAPHITES Nopusus, M. and H. 


POTN AIS sO Fea San eae Sree ee ee 15 
Actaeon attenuata :........... pe eees 15 
Anisomyon Yatielliformis _..-... - AG eet ah Treo ie 30 
TEEVOTUNTAS OVATE Le ee ee 10 to $1.00 
CallisGanWe weyilesexce veteran 15 to .25 
Dental mips pac Cpe wee se ewes eee see eet ees ,15 
Hamineayminore. ays MEATS Sg ge ere 9 _ 15 
MOISGTTAEMICE Kelis a 08 Ws elites i hy ae a 15 
Venielaisub btn cae seis ie oe a 15 
MOCeramuUs CONVEXUS els | ee ee -20 to .75 
oS Crispirs 4. NS WO)Se) 
Lunatia concinna :.._...... Gece MGs LP any Ly let en UN gr 15 
Lucina subundata ................. : reel 
Margarita Nebrasensis .. 15 
NuGcuIa cancellatassse LO eI, 15 
Scaphites nodusus .. __..,10 to $2.00 
MAG BESTA GC UTE a Taieetae nei ree eee eon ear Suds eae Fes nuni, 15 
AMD ANS SihibnavaS OVNI ok ee ee 15 
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus. 
Rock containing a variety of small fossils 25 to .56 
Tregonucarpus nuts (iossil) size of Hickorv 
TU eee Dig, SEL SEY beats _.. .20 to .25 
IM OSSLIMC AV SS apr te Wiener, xian Uae St We 15 to .75 
AC AES TOUCHE es pee ao Se ae ee 10 to. .50 
te OLS eS Cee hee eee eee ees 25 to $2.00 
California Onyx. polished ....:_. -. .:....... 40 to $1.75 
IRBCOSKC Var Ae abe Sie san eee ene ene eee, 25 to .75 
BOSSI OTM Sree es cei were meta tN cere Nene yy sen 15 tO)-15 
Petrified wood 10 to .50 
Agatized wood 10 to . FO 
FORCE VAMC Ee ye eee a Nie Rt UOT SE RIN LOO! 225 
[Sky aven/cfoyen) OMY ee ee 0 0.x 
Sponge lava, will float in- Water ........ ...-1: 0.40 
Lava. has been melted, and run like molasses 
CON CLV Retreat ck wee eerie) ai 15 to <f0 


Antelope horns, on upper part of skull. per 

[OR NIE Le ieee a etch een tae 
Buifaloshomns: pen paine ees ee .5U TO B1A0 
Rattles trom Rattlesnake 10 tO 225 & 
Corals from Bahamas, Florida and St’ gapore 

Pt ieee Meare Dy ay Wan yer s .25 tO $2.00 
Small mixed shells from West Indes. per pint .50 
Large Assortment of showy American and 

Foriegn Shells .. ..................1v 10 $5.00 each 


10 per cent discount on cash orders of 
$10.00 or more. 
Send for price lists. 
Homer Squyer, 


Mingusville, i=: . Montana, 


14 THE OOLOGIST. 


Wit ONLY DIRECTORY on Harts 


SK i) Guaranteeing 60,000. Kor 
=> only 10 cents (regular price 
rT ‘||| 25 cents.) your name, if re- 
ore ceived within next 30 


)) days, will be BOLDLY 
2—1 printed on gummed 
! paper, and from Pub- 
lishers, Manufactur- 
ers and others, you 
| will receive hundreds 
probably thousands, 
4of valuable Books, 
Samples, Papers, Maga- 
zines, etc. AHI free and 
each parcel with one of 
REN lili) your boldly printed ad- 
dresses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We willalso 
print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 
1891. DEAR SrRs—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 
turers, ete. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of 
Gail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY CQ.. 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


© BUY THE O- 


] 


THE BEST IS THE [ 


Send TEN cents to 28 Union Sq., Ns Vey 
for our prize game, ‘‘ Blind Luck,’’ and 
win a New Home Sewing Machine. 


win a New Home Sewing Machine. _ 
The New Home Sewing Machine Co, 
ORANCE, MASS. 
_6@ 28 UNION SQUARE, NY. O~, 
CREASE NS Aarne SPN Meeg 
IKL. “gost ya, AL 


Stious®” FOR SALE BY  Atuas.te* 
' _ £. W. WILCOX, Albion, N. Y. 


Birds’ Eggs and Minerals. 

T have a very choice stock of both at low 
rates. Write at ouce for New Yes List of eggs, 
also list of minerals. Prices gutranteed the 
lowest, an l Specimens the best.-WAUTER FF. 
WEBB. Geneva, N. Y. 


CIRCULAR = DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees, Manutacturers, ete., 
are daily requesting us to supply the addresses: 
ot reliable circular distributors, bill posters, 
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will 
open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to one man, woman 
or youth in every town and hamlet in the U. S. 
and Canada. “The early bird catches the 
worm.’ Wewanta few such ads. as Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD. 
RUNN Nails up signs, distributes circul- 

ars, papers, samples. ete , through~ 

out Blackhawk and surrounding counties. 

say only $3.00 per 1000. Address W.H.BRUNN,. 
Waterloo, Ia. 

Brunn paid $2. 40 to insert above 4 lines, June- 
90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept con- 
constantly busy, employs three men to assist, 
him. clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a. 
day distributing circulars at $3.00 per. 1000 for 
many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. 
It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone. 
to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm 
who employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms .may 
each send you 1000 at the same time, making 
1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which 
you would promptly receive $30, $15 in advance. 


and, $15 when work is done. Parents make 
your boys a p'esent. Start them in this growing: 
business. Begin this neat bus‘ness before 
some one in your county gets the start of you. 
“Come inon the ground floor.”’ Instructions. 
How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each 
distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or 
postage stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad”’. 
AGENTS HERALD, 
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’, Pa. 
Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside: everybody 
wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c sjamp- 
and we will mail you 4 Free Samples and full, 
particulars, Which will enable you to commence. 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 

j 

CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE 

Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and 
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento-~ 
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. _Taxid- 
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and 
aquarums. 


40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp. 
Cc. F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 


400 yarienes or sranps $1.00 
Duplicates can be returned. 
AN UNUSUAL OFFER 


Wo S. GRAND 


827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL. 
Cutalogue for stamp. 


THE OOLOGIST. 15 


A New Beam or Siiding Caliper 


For Outside and Inside Measurements. 


For Naturalists, O5logists, Taxidermists, Mineralogists, Drawing Schools, &e. 


Fraduated into 64ths of an inc’ on one side, and 100ths on the other 


PRIGHKS. 
Length of Jaws. 
4 inch—Pocket Size 
op 1 
10:inch....... SI POTN ieee NARA OSHA Un Beet NA ema ce Pe nega eae : 
bine Dewan AMER U KTP ea REDS 3% deg SUP) TU Nn ees! oe BETAS} 0) 


Sent by mail postpaid to any part of the United State on receipt of price. 1 

These Calipers are made entirely out of Steel, carefully finished throughout, and the end of 
the jaws and scale hardened. The tightening screw acts in conjunction with a spring slide, so 
it cannot injure the scale. For Oologist’s use, this new 4ioch Caliper in EXACTLY as good in 
EVERY PARTICULAR as the $1.50 one. offered in our regular catalogue—In fact, as the jaws are 
LONGER it is really of GREATER VALUE. ¢ 

The many uses thas Sllding Calipers can be put to are not as well known as they migbt or 
should be. among Naturalists or those working to sizes or standards. This is mostly owing. to 
the hizh prices, for which they have hereto’ore been sold. and in presenting the above style of 


SLIDING CGALIPRRS 


to my p. trons, it is the intention to furnish them with an instrument that is Accurate, Reliable, 
and of convenient and Neat Size. for a Moderate Price, which will bring them in the reach of all. 
OOLOGISTS will find the 4 inch. or at largest, the 6 inch size the most convenient for their 
use. As Specimens of all kinds are usually measured in 100th~ inch. The utility of this valuable 
instrument, can only be appreciated by giving it a trial. Send for one and be convinced. 


Address Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N- Y. 


Scientific American 


a CAVEATS, 
TRADE MARKS, | 
DESICN PATENTS, 
COPYRIGHTS, etc. 
For information and free Handbook write to 
MUNN & CO., 361 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 
Oldest bureau for securing patents in America. 
Every patent taken out by us is brought before 
the public by a notice given free of charge in the 


Scientitic Amevican 


Largest circulation of any scientific paper iit the 
world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelligent 
man should be without it. Weekly, 83.00 a 
Year; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & CQ., 
PUBLISHERS, 361 Broadway, New York City. 


STRAWBERRY PLANTS, 
ASPARAGUS ROOTS, 
SEED POTATOES. 


I have choice plants of twentv lead- 
ing varieties of Strawberries, Tips of 
the Ohio Raspberry. Extra Fine 2 year 
old roots of Barr’s Mammoth, Palmetto, 
and Conover’s Colossal Asparagus and 
Fifty selected varieties of Seed Potatoes. 
Will sell at low rates, or will exchang- 
ed for desirable Eggs, specimens or 
Books in Natural History. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should 
he and with ‘Lattin’ must be based on the pric- 
es given in the New “Standard Catalogue.” 


16 -THE OOLOGIST. 


WORLD’S FAIR SOUVENIRS. 
How you can get one of the Columbian 
Half Dollars. 

The World’s Fair souvenir coins are 
“going like hot cakes,” and those who 
want to get one or more of them will 
have to bestir themselves or they will be 
too late. The desire for one of these 
mementos of the Exposition seems to be 
almost as ubiversal as is the interest in 
the Exposition itself, and orders for 
them have been sent in from all parts 
of the United States and also from for- 
eign countries 

On the obverse side of the Colum- 
bian half dollar appears thehead of Col- 
umbus, designed from the Lotto por- 
trait,, and surrounding it the words, 
“World’s Columbian Exposition, Chica- 
go, 1892.” On the reverse side appears 
a caravel, representing Columbus’ flag- 
ship, and beneath it two hemispheres. 
Above the caravel will be‘‘United States 
of America,” and beneath the hemis 
pheres, “Columbian Half Dollar.” There 
is no doubt thatthis coin will be regard- 
ed as the most distinctive and highest 
pied cheap souvenir of the World’s 

air 

All of these souvenir coins, except 
five, are being sold ata uniform price 
of one dollar each. For the first coin 
struck off $10,000 bas already been of- 
fered, and various prices have been 
bid for the 400th, 1492d, 1892d and the 
last coin. Desiring that these souvenirs 
be distributed as widely as_ possible 
among the people, and that all irre- 
spective of locality, have an -equal 
chance to obtain them, the Exposition 
authorities have sought to prevent 
syndicates and others from purchasing 


large quantities and thus ‘‘conering” 
the sale. On the contrary, they have 
arranged to supply banks, business 


houses and individuals in all parts of 
the country with as many as they desire 
to distribute among their patrons, 
customers or friends They require 
only that the orders must be for fifty 
coins, or some multiple of fifty, and 
that the order be accompanied by the 
cash, at the rate of one dollar for each 
coin. Agreat many banks and business 
firms have gladly complied with these 
conditions aud ordered each from 50 
to 20,000 of the coins. 

Notwithstanding these conditions 
have been widely published. still a vast 
number of inquiries by letter has been 
received at Exposition headquarters 
asking how the coins may be obtained. 


The bet way is to get them throngh 
loeal hanks, all of which are no doubt 
willing to accommodate in that way 
their patrons and the residents of the 
city or town in which they are doing 
business. If, however, for any reason 
it is desired to obtain them otherwise, 
the proper method is to form a club of 
subscribers for fifty coins, or some 
multiple of fifty, and select some one™ 
member of the clubto send on the order 
and money and to distribute the coins 
when received, Orders should be ad-- 
dressed to A. F. Seeberger, Treasurer 
W orld’s Columbian Exposition,Chicago. 


World’s Fair Notes. 


Ohio will erect a mineral cabin in the 
Mines building at the World’s Fair to 
illustrate its mineral resources. The 
cabin will be-82x61 feet in dimensions 
and twenty-three feet high and be con- 
structed entirely of Ohio mineral pro- 
ducts. 


The section from one of the big Cali- 
fornia redwood trees, which the govern- 
ment will exhibit in its buildings at the 
World’s Fair, has arrived at the Fair 
grounds. Eleven freight cars were re- 
quired to convey it across the continent. 
It measures thirty feet long by twenty- 
three feet in diameter. The section is 
hollowed out and when placed on end, 
divided into two stories and lighted, as 
it will be, it will form a rustic house 
large enough for a family to live in. - 


Excursion Club to Attend the World’s Fair. 


If you have any desire to visit the 
World’s Fair at Chicago, bear in mind 
that the United World’s Fair Excursion 
Co. is a sound organization, with ample 
capital to folfil their promises. The 
company sells tickets on the installment 
plan, retunding all but first payment if 
you fail to go, ‘apply to United World’s 
Fair Exposition Co, °N. Ee Demi 4c 
Exchange Bde, Boston, Mass. 


BIRDS EGGS 
CURIES 2 
SHELLS << 


eo ms TOnCe | K 
, {.REED, SOR 
Pho Mainst. WORCESTER . MASS 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. 


' ALBION, N. Y., JAN., 1893. 


NO. 1 


A Field Naturalist’s Outfit 


As many of the readers of this inter- 
esting magazine devote a good part of 
their time to collecting bird’s skins as 
well as eggs. Tve no doubt what I 
may here say may be of considerable 
interest to many of my readers. 

During ten years experience in the 
field, as a collector, I’ve handled a 
large number of specimens, and used in 
the same length of time several different 
outtits; but I can truthfully say I have 
never received so much _ benefit from 
any of them as the one I now possess. 
But before describing my outfit I would 
like to say a few words to the collector 
in a general way: 

First of all you will want to secure 
the specimens on which to use the tools 
I shall hereafter describe, Should the 
collector reside in a part of the country 
where big game, as well as small, 
abounds he will no doubt like to secure 
a few specimens of such animals as 
Deer, Bear, Panther, ete., and if he 
should have the tuck to meet up with 
such animals and only have a small 
*‘collecting gun,’ such as is recom- 
mended by thé general writer. the 
chances are the “big bird” (?) makes 
his escape and leaves you to mourn a 
trophy worthy months of labor to pre- 
serve. It istrue some collectors, so 
situated, carry along a rifle as well as a 
collecting gun, buta rifle is very de- 
structive to small game rendering them 
totally unfit for mounting, and on the 
other hand the general ‘‘collecting gun” 
is too small for anything larger than a 
robin. The question then is, whatis 
the best gun [can get for collecting 
both large and small specimens, with- 
out being loaded down with two guns 
or haying to carry along a heavy three- 


barrel combined shot gun and rifle—as 
I’ve seen some collectors do? 

This was a question which had 
bothered me for a long time, till about 
a year ago I. found just what I wanted 
in a single shot combined shot gun and 
rifle. Thad known of such an arm in 
the Maynard, but it was rather too ex- 
pensive for me. 

Looking over a gun catalogue one 
day, I came across the following de- 
scription, i. e., ‘““Merwin, Hulbert & 
Co’s Rifles, with Interchangeable Shot 
Barrels.” - Now I have it! And the 
price, Great Scott! only $13.75, At 
once I sat down and wrote an order 
for the above gun and in a short time I 
had it in hand. Ah! what a little 
beauty. The rifle barrel is 28 inches 
in length, using the regular 38 calibre 
Winchester Model 1873 cartridge, 
which carries 40 grains of powder and 
180 grains of lead. The shot barrel is 
30 inches in length, using the regular 
16 gauye paper or brass shot shells. 
For penetration or accuracy it equals 
anything I’ve ever shot. With shells 
properly loaded I’ve killed, with the 
shot barrel, birds and animals from the 
Hummer up to the Red Lynx and Gray 
Fox. The rifie barrel has great pene- 
tration when used with regular Win- 
chesler factory ammunition, which I 
would always recommend, and when 
properly used never fails to bring down 
the Deer and Bear: When out collect- 
ing I carry in my shooting coat—of 
many and large pockets—ammunition 
for both rifle and shot barrels. I near- 
ly always start out with the shot barrel 
inthe frame and the rifle barrel ina 
canvas case slung by astrap over my 
shoulder. IJ can quickly and_ easily 
change, by the serew attachment hold- 
ing the barrel to the stock, from the 


18 THE OOLOGIST 


shot gun to the rifle, and changed 
from the bird hunter of a few seconds 
before into a mighty nimrod armed 
for the fiercest denizens of the woods, 
The weight of the gun with the shot 
barrel attached is but 5+ pounds, and 
with rifle barrel on your back the whole 
arm does 
weight. In collecting various speci- 
mens with thé shot barrel I use the 
tollowing loads, 

For Birds (Hummer to Robin)14 dr. 
powder, 4 oz. dust shot. 

For Birds (Robin to Grouse, 
powder, $oz. No. 8 shot 

For Hawks, Owls, Eagles, Ducks,23 
dr. powder 1 oz No. 6 shot. 

For Rabbits, Crows, Foxes, ete., 8 dr. 
powder. 1 oz. No. 2 shot. 

For all game exceeding the Fox in 
size I use the rifle barrel and find it 
does splendil work. By following 
above directions for loading and using 
two felt wads over the powder and one 
pasteboard wad over the shot, the col- 


24 dr. 


lector need never have any fear of 
losing his specimens if he can shoot at 
all. 

Parties residing in the west, can ob- 
tain the ‘“M. H. & Co’s.” Combined 
Shot Guo and Rifle from the E. C. 
Meacham’ Arms Co., St. Louis, Mo. 


Those residing in the east can obtain 
it of Jno. P. Lovell Arms Co. Boston, 
Mass., or any first class dealer in sports- 
mens supplies. 

To Collectors contemplating pur- 
chasing an all-around collecting gun I 
can earnestly recommend the above 
arm. It is handsomely finished, a 
strong, safe and hard shooter, and in 
every way a much desired weapon. 

Should any of my readers be of the 
wandering, camp-out style of collector 
and often get too far away from a house 
in which to lodge at night he should 
obtaina good Army Knapsack which 
should be filled out with the following 
outfit for camping and collecting, i. e. 

2Gray Woolen Blankets(light weight). 


not exceed 10 pounds in. 


1 Army Poucho, or Rubber Blanket, 
which is a combined blanket, tent and 
coat. 

1 Sharp Hunters Axe, or Hatchet. 

1 Tin dish and tin cup; the latter for 
making coffee in out of which same 
may be drank. 

1 Knife and Fork. 

1 Frying pan (smallest size) 

Matches. 

And for use in above utensils 3 lbs. 
flour, ready sifted and mixed with bak-~ 
ing powder, which with the addition of 
water is ready for baking in the frying 
pan, 

2 lbs. Fat Bacon. 

+ 1b. Butter. 

4 Tablespoontuls ground Coffee. 

Pepper and Salt, and fora luxury a 
small quantity of sugar may be taken 
along. ae 

The above, with the addition of any 
game he may kill, will plentifully pro- 
vision a most hearty eater for a8 days 
hunt., With an outfit of the above 
description, proyided of course the 
hunter is properly clothed, one need 
never have any fear of the weather, 
which is such a.liinderance to too many, 
One can lay out in the stormiest weather 
of either rain or snow, in summer: or 
winter, with the addition of a good log 
fire in a properly selected _ camping 
place and feel no discomfort. — 

As to ammunition for a three days 
tramp, I generally take along 25 rifle 
cartridges for large game and about 35 
shot cartridges loaded: with various 
sized shot for smaller specimens. 

After packing all these articles away 
in your knapsack you will, find you still 
have room for the following. 

Skinning outfit: 

2 Scalpels, of sizes 

1 pair Shears, heavy. 

Lo) SCISSORS: 

1 * Spring Forceps: 

1 Brair. Spoon. es 

1 Set Chains and Hooks. 


Needles. and Thread, + tb. Cutton 


THE OOLOGIST. 19 


Wool for making bird’s and small 
mammal skins. 

1 1b. Arsenical Soap (Hard) 

With the addition of a good hunting 
knife4 of say 7 inch blade for skin- 
ning large mammals; and killing them 
too when too closely quartered by such 
a “‘varmint” as an old she Bear; an 
oilstone and oil for sharpening knives 
and our skin-making outfit is complete 
enough for all practical purposes 

Such an outfit as I have here describ- 
ed will, with gun and everything com 
plete, weigh about 40 pounds, a weight 
which any medium sized, healthy man 
may carry from morn till night without 
much fatigue. ; 

A few words in regard to the proper 
clothing for a collector who contemp- 
lates spending the long wintry nights 
in camping out andI am through. My 
outfit consists of good heavy under- 
clothing of wool, with heavy overshirt 
and drawers of the same material; a 
pair of heavy brown English corduroy 
pants and vest and a heavy 10 oz. Duck 
shooting coat with large game pockets. 
For foot wear I use extra heavy Wool- 
en Stockings reaching above the knee, 
and a pair of Land Hunting Shoes, 
lacing from instep to knee, the legs be- 
ing made of soft leather and foot of 
heavy leather, with heavy, well nailed 
soles. Shoes answering this odescrip- 
tion can be bought for about $4.00 of 
Montgomery, Ward & Co., Chicago, 
Ill.. Shoes of this description are in 
every Way a most servicable and easy, 
yet retaining strength and lightness toa 
remarkable degree. Clothing of above 
deseription will stand almost any 
amount of wear and tear and still come 
out allright. Such an outfit may cost 
a right good sum in the beginning, but 
will well repay the collector who pro- 
vides himself with one like it. 

The foregoing, from beginning to end, 
is a faithful description of my outfit as 
it new lies before me. With it I have 
spent many delightful days roaming 


the mountains of the wildest and most 
picturesque portion of West Virginia, 
camping out wherever night overtook. 
me, preparing my specimens by a roar- 
ing fire ere I enjoy the: soothing pipe. 

After skinning and packing away the. 
fruits of the days chase, sometimes not 
till midnight, with what joy do I he. 
down on my Blankets and sleep with 
nothing but the blue sky and twinkling 
stars overhead for my canopy; and. 
when again Old ,Sol peeps over the 
eastern hills 1am up ana away on an- 
other tramp after the ‘‘beasts of the 
fields and fowls of theair.” Only those 
who roam the hills and mountains and 
fields in quest of such secrets us nature 
can unfold to them can enjoy w hat is to. 
others hardships innumerable. 

Give me this life among the birds and, 
beasts and I am happy. 

THAD SURBER 
White Sulphur Springs, W. Va. 


te 


The Golden Swamp Warbler. 

This name seems very fitting for this. 
beautiful warbler of which my eastern 
readers see a little. Dried skins, re- 
posing in the cabinet drawer, convey 
very little, if any, idea of their beauty 
as when seen in a willow swamp. 
Never had I realized their beauty, un- 
til I stood holding one in my hand. 
Although common here for years back, 
I never studied them. to any extent, 
in their haunts, until the last two pre- 
ceding years. Even now, my knowl-. 
edge of the Prothonotary is limited and 
IT can only give the results of what few 
observations I have made. 

The last few days of April are very 
sure to bring a few early ‘arrivals, but 
the bulk of them arrive in the first or 
second week in May. They are shy 
and silent, and not at all like they are. 
two or three weeks hence. 

You will not find them in the high, dry 
woods, where the majority of other 
warblers are found, but go to the bot~ 


20 THE OOLOGISY. 


tomlands. Here, inthe willow. swamps, 
whereodecayed, water soaked stumps 
are! scattered. thickly here and there 
among the willows, you will make the 
acquaintanee of the Prothonotary. 

In the breeding season, the usual song 
of the male bird can be heard from 
early: morn ‘until dark. » It as very 
pleasing to the ear and much resembles, 
ata distanee, the notes ofa Solitary 
Sandpiper, but a description would be 
useless. 4 

The males are very pugnacious at 
this season and fierce encounters fre- 
quently take place. I have often seen 
two bright little fellows fall into the 
water, while fightiug in mid air, but 
dart off in opposite directions like two 
golden meteors. 

The great quantities of drift-wood 

floating inthe stagnant water among 
the trees, contain myriad of insects up- 
on which these birds feed. Here, one 
ean see them, hopping from log to log, 
feeding on an insect there or pulling 
some unfortunate spider from a crevice 
here, and occasionally running up the 
sides of a stump in the manner of a 
creeper. The male isa venturesome. 
little fellow, and, while the female is 
sitting, explores every nook and crevice 
in the viciuity, sometimes being quite 
surprised at meeting one of his tribe in 
a hole that heis about to enter. I, 
at one time, saw a male clinging to an 
old mossy stump and the contrast of 
eolors was beautiful. 
Soon after their arrival from the south, 
mating begins and the two little lovers, 
after wandering and exploring, select 
some cavity in a water soaked stump 
for their domicile. 

The stump: selected. 
short one, 


is generally a 
and, in nearly all cases, 
either standing in or projecting over 
the water. I have found stumps, con- 
taining nests. on dry ground, but in 
these cases, the nests being built at 
high water, which, receding left the 
stumps high and dry. The heights of 


the holes and stumps vary from one to 
fifteen feet, the latter being rare. .The 
average height is about three feet above 
the water. pene 
-.The eavity is filled with materials, 
gathered close at hand, within two or 
three inches of the entrance. These 
materials differ considerably in some 
nests, but an average nest is built of 
bark istrips, dried grass, dead leaves 
and moss.; Some have an addition of 
fiberous roots, stems and hair, while 
others Jack the moss. The cavity of 
the nest is neatly rounded, measuring 
about two inches in diameter by one 
and a half in depth. Afew nests out 
of the ordinary line are worth de- 
scribing. 

Probably the most. handsome nest 
was found in a large, rotten, water 
soaked cavity, within afew inches of 
the water. The materials were entire- 
ly of bright green moss, kept fresh by 
its damp situation. This nest fillea 
with its speckled eggs and the golden 
yellow birds, will long be retained in 
the memory of the writer. One nest 
was constructed partly of snake skins. 
in adeep bowl-like hollow, on the top 
ofa stump, I found a nest, and also 
one in an old woodpecker’s hole about 
twenty feet above the water in a solid . 
dead tree. Ihave never found a nest 
in an out building as has been described 
by some. 

The egys of this warbler are exquisite. 
Very little idea can be obtained, from 
a few eggs, of the vast variation in 
color, size and shape, The average egg 
is of a glossy, creamy white, blotched, 
spotted and speckled with a rich chest. 
nut red. Some do not show the gloss 
and generally have only a few shell 
markings. Others are more of a buff 
shade, while some are so thickly cover- 
ed with markings as to completely ob- 
scure the ground color. Lilac mark- 
ings are frequent. Some of my finest 
eggs are clear white, very glossy, and 


finély speckled with and 
lilac. i 
The number constituting a clutch, 
varies from four to seven, rarely the 
latter. The first clutch commonly con- 
sists of five or six; the second of four 
and sometimes five. I have found in 
July, clutches of one, two and three 
incubated eggs, possibly indicating a 
third laying. q 
Very little remonstrance is made by 
the birds when the nest is molested 
and some do not even venture near. 
In some places, the birds are found 
breeding in small colonies, and many 
nests can be found within a surpris- 
ingly small area. A friend found a 
double nest in one of these colonies; 


chestnut 


the lower containing seven eggs and 


the upper five. No. Cowbird’s eggs 
were in either nest although I have 
found them in-a few nests. 

After the breeding season, the birds 
remain very quiet, and in September, 
take their departure for tho sunny 
South. 

WE. Loucks: 
Peoria, Ill. 


5 aaa eee 


Bird Nesting in an Illinois Swamp. 


The Florida Galinule is very common 
in some parts of this swamp, and I was 
able to collect a number of fine sets. 

The hunters of the swamp eall this 
bird a “‘Red Nose” to distinguish it 
from the Coot and the bright’ vermilion 
red of the bill: and frontal shield will 
readily benoticed in contrast to the lar- 
ger whitebill of; the Coot with brown 
frontal shield and brown spots near tip 
of bill. 

The nest is formed by bending down 
the rushes to form a platform and plac- 
ing a quantity of dry rushes jon the 
platform thus made until it reaches a 
height of 2 or 3 inches above the level 
of the water and will rise and fall with 
it to a certain extent. 


THE OOLOGIST. Pt i 


‘The nest is always placed'so the birds 
can swim’ to and ‘from it. The eggs 
are from 6 to 10 innumber and of a yel- 
lowish (or sometimes grenish brown) 
ground color, blotched and spotted 
with brown of various shades.’ ‘The 
markings appear to be in the shell in- 
self, not on it. 

Six eggs from different sets measure 
1.90x1.18— 1.76x1.18— 1.92x1.24— 1.65x 
1.18—1.73x1.23—1.61x1.23. 

The ‘Cluck cluck” of the King Rail 
or Stage Driver, from its cal], could be 
heard at any time but very few nests 
were to be found. ‘The ability of these 
birds to keep out of sight was amazing 
and it took tive men and two dogs to 
flush my first one. 

Their nests are made in a clump of 
grass and are composed of fine grass 
and a few rushes, From their location 
I coneluded that the heavy rains had 
flooded most of the nests, which ac- 
counted for my not finding more. 

The eggs are from 6 to 12 in number 
and are from a dull white to a creamy 
yellow in color spotted with reddish 
brown, many of the marks being’ so 
deep in the shell as to give the appear- 
ance of having been washed partly out: 

Five eggs measure 1.66x1:21— 1.57x 
1.18—1.71x1.22—1 67x1-24—1 O8x1.24. 

The American Coot breeds quite 
plentifully in some parts of this marsh, 
laying from 6 to 10 eggs. 

Its nest cannot be distinguished from 
that of the Florida Galinule so no de- 
scription is necessary. 

The eggs, however, are readily distin- 
guished as they are-of a clayey yellow 
ground color, finely dotted over the 
whole surface with black specks. 

They seem to lay earlier than the 
Galinule for incubation was ‘well ad- 
vanced in all the sets I took. 

Five measure )1:91x1°31-1.92x 
1.34—1.90xX1.86—1 .92x1.85—194x1.37. 

The marsh where IT- collected” is 
ofa number laving in Henry, and! ad: 
joining Counties, and'is about 5 


Rone 
CVS 


-one 


miles 


22 THE OOLOGIST. 


across and about 38 wide. At the time 
of my visit it was covered with water 


about 3 feet deep, and the marsh grass- 


and rushes were about 3 feet above the 
water. In the finer marsh grass I saw 
a number of small nests mostly Marsh 
Wrens but did not find eggs in any of 
them. 

One thing has always puzzled me 
and that is how a Galinule will call and 
seem just under one’s feet and still be 
80 rods away and at first I was often 
fooled by them. Several times I heard 
a call exactly like a turkey hen’s ‘put 
put” and the sqeaks, squalls, groans 
and howls coming from the:marsh early 
in the morning and late at night would 
give the impression that the birds are 
not at all happy. 

Great numbers of Black-crowned 
Night Herons nest in a ‘‘town” out in the 
swamp and I was able to get some very 
fine sets. 

The shore birds seemed to be entirely 
wanting. I only saw a few Sandpipers 
on an island in the river. 

A few ducks nest here yet, and as I 
saw a few Great Blue Herons I think a 
careful search wonld reveal a heronry 
and perhaps some Cormorants in it too. 

Least Bitterns were very abundant 
and just beginning to make nests when 
I was there, but next year I hope to be 
svith them at the right time. 

A. C. Murcuison, D. D. 8. 


><-~<>—_ 


‘BIRDS AS PHTS. 


One Way of Taming Them. 

There are very few of us who do not 
admire pets of some sort. We orni- 
thologists take birds as ours. When 
we go out collecting, our note book is 
always with us (or should be)—and as 
we sit down under some tree probably 
for a rest, we cannot help but study the 
habits of the feathered beauties as they 
come down close beside us. Here you 
will find that by dotting down the hab- 


its of the different species that it will 
interest you and will prove to you in 
the futute for reference and pass time. 

Too much can not be said in regard to 
the note book. There is always plenty 
to write down—note the food and local- 
ity—different birds select,—all of which 
will be of use to you in collecting at 
another time. 

It was in this way that I began to 
designate the birds that would make 
the best pets, and now, no matter 
where I: am I can’t help but observe 
any bird that may be in sight, and it 
seems that of late years the birds are 
tamer than they used tobe, giving mea 
finer opprotunity to study them closely, 
but on the other hand it may be that in 
studying them in this way they have 
come to my notice more. 

A few notes on the subject might be 
of interest. 

While out walking this spring I came 
across a flock of Pine Siskins feeding 
on dandelion seeds. [I walked among 
them slowly, and much to my surprise, 
I stood no farther than four feet from 
some of them, and they kept on eat- 
ing, oceasionally stopping to look at 
their visitor. About the same time a 
pair of Evening Grosbeaks were eating 
last fall maple seeds close by the edge 
of a walk; I stopped as I was passing, 
they went off a few feet farther but 
gradually came back and resumed eat- 
ing as if no one was present. 

A pair of Green-backed Goldfinches 
nested near our residence and I could 
see they were becoming tamer as I 
watched them from day to day. One 
afternoon while standing by a bunch 
of dandelions, the female flew right 
down at my feet and began to eat. It 
remained there for some time before 
leaving. 

I can safely say I tamed some Violet- 
green Swallows this season. A male 
and two females nested in a poultry 
coop in our yard. I would spare an 
hour each day by sitting on the back 


THE OOLOGIST. 23 


porch, and as the birds would fly by I 
blew feathers into the air, which they 
would catch as well as our best ball 
players. I kept this up for some time, 
then tried to hand them feathers from 
a Slender stick some two feet long. 
The birds were rather timid in taking 
them, but were not long until they 
would walk quite a ways on the top 
of a wire fence for the feathers. I 
would then break a portion of the stick 
off and repeat until finally they would 
take feathers from my hand. If I would 
imitate their note when they weren’t 
around and they could hear me they 
would immediately fly down by me. 
I found in studying their habits that 
the females were the tamer. There is 
no mistake about the two females nest- 
ing together as they were closely ob- 
served and then too, two sets of eggs 
were laid in the nest, one of seven and 
the other of six eggs. 

I will look for the trio to come back 
next year. Now I would like to know 
if the male bird was from Utah. 

CLYDE L. KELLER, 


Salem, Oregon. 


>< 


The Ornithologist s Association. 


The Ornithologist’s Association met 
at Washington, Noy. 22, for organiza- 
tion, the summer vacation business, 
etc., having prevented the meeting at 
the regular time. The officers chosen 
were, President J. H. Langille, Vice- 
president A. B. Farnham, Recording 
Secretary and Treasurer Blanchard Mil- 
ler, Corresponding Secretary W.R. Harr 
The next meeting will be on the 4th of 
January, 1893 when we will hope to hear 
from the corresponding members con- 
cerning the findings in respect to the 
Crow family and their relatives. 

WALTER Rk. Harr, Cor. Sec., 
Forest Glen, Monthy Co., Md. 


Orange, N. J. 


_ was 


NOVEMBER CONTEST. 
Sixty-Five Judges. 
Prize winners and credits received by 
each were as follows: 
1. Octeology for Amateurs. 207. 

2, Fringillidatin Newton, Mass. 194 
3. Some Trips forHawks Eggs. 198. 
4. Buzzard Island. 192. 

5. The Chestnut-collared Longspur. 

—78: 


We also awarded a6th prize to 
“Winter Visitors” which received 74 
eredits 


Seventeen Judges named the win- 
ning articles—None their exact order. 

The Judges prizes were awarded as 
follows:— 

1. No. 86—C: R. Marion, Lancaster, 
Beis I, Bok ah o. 

2. No. 8—W. F. Mountain, 
er BP i 

3. No. 10—H.L. Vandegrift, Ambler 
lege Oia BiG. 

4. No. 24—H. F. Beaumont, Nash- 
ville, Tenn. 2,1, 4, 3, 5. 

5. No. 22—Clarence Luther, 
etteville, Ark. 2, 4, 3, 1, 5. 


East 


Fay- 


The Osprey in Florida and Other Notes. 

In the spring of the present year I 
had the good fortune to be with a sur- 
vey party, which spent three months 
in the wilds of the east part of the State, 
And although I was very busy, had an 
excellent opportunity .to watch the 
birds, but particularly the Osprey. 

That grand bird whose beautiful 
flight and shrill scream, as he waves 
high in the air, thrills every move, and 
who, who watches these noble birds 
ean help but love the beautiful and in- 
teresting family. 

It was about the first of May that I 
traveling down through those 
dreary flatwoods by mule teams, and 
ever and anon the scream of the Fish 
Hawk would reach my ears. A sharp 
glance around tree tops would soon re- 
veal their huge domicile, a dead tree 


24. "THE OOLOGISY. 


which had dropped nearly all its limbs 
seemed to be the favorite perch for the 
nest. Most of the nests were merely 
saddled on onelimb,up close to the body 
of the tree,and they ranged in size from 
two feet in diameter to huge piles of 
sticks as large as those of the Bald 
Eagle. 

In a distance of about 50 miles 1 found 
30 nests, which was a good many as I 
went ina straight line south and ran 
across these right in my path. ‘The 
nests were always situated near a strip 
of marsh or a pond. 

All the nests had young at this time 
and from their size I think they, the 
nests, must have contained eggs by the 
first of April or middle of March. 

What surprised me was to find these 
birds building so far inland, away from 
even any large body of fresh water. 
But this section is not only represented 
by the Osprey, for the Raptores are 
well distributed through several species, 
and, strangely, very few of any other 
varieties of birds. 

It was on this trip that I obtained my 
first set of Meadow Lark anda set of 
what I firmly believe is the Cuban Mavr- 
tin. Itook aset of. this last from an 
old woodpecker’s hole in a dead pal- 
metto stub about ten feet up. The 
eggs were three in number, pure white 
and were laid on rotten chips at bottom 
of hole; the Martins are very abundant 
in that section and seem to nest almost 
exclusively in dead palmetto stubs. 

My set of Meadow Lark’s eggs was 
found accidently :-by my mule nearly 
stepping on the nest. It was a beauti- 
ful marked set of four freshseggs. 

It was in thissame strip of desolate 
marsh country that I found my first 
nest of the Pileated Woodpecker, the 
hole was dugin an old palmetto stub 
only five and one-half feet frem the 
ground and contained three full fledged 
young,’ I eame very ear having one 
of my eyes picked ont by one, of the 
greedy youngsters as [stood staring 
into the hole. 


Ow onr return to the banks :of the 
Indian River we camped for three 
weeks and we improved our time by 
more extensive tramps, my ecompan- 
ions went fishing. while I and a young 
man who was pressed into service 
hunted the reedy bog for Bitterns and 
Gallinules. 

This was also the first time my eyes 
ever saw into a Least Bitterns or Gal- 
linules nest. 

We found ten sets of the Least Bit- 
tern, two of the Florida Gallinule and 
one of the Purple Gallinule. 

The Bitterns nests were built about 
three feet from the water in thick: ¢lus- — 
ters of rushes, while the Gallinules 
made w floating nest of dead rushes and 
made «a beautiful sight. The sets 
ranged from 5 to 8 per nest and were 
nearly incubated at this time. I tooka 
good many other notes, but will leave 
them for some other time. ; 

| WILLARD ELror, 
Tampa, Fla. 
eee 


‘Notes From Isabella Co., Mich. 


Last spring my time was so much 
occupied by getting properly settled 
and at work in this new place that the 
collecting season was about over be- 
fore I could pay much ettention to Or- 
nithology or Odlogy. However during 
my daily labors, my eyes and ears were 
ever open to the sights and sounds of 
pird life in this wild, beautiful. and 
wierd locality. 

At times when weary and tired of 
toiling to supply the wants of myself 
and family. I have been cheered to 
new vigor by the thrilling songs of our 
feathered friends who seem neyer to 
despair under any circumstances, and 
when seeing daily the parent birds in- 
dustriously gleaniag food for their 
young I have been led to refleet that 
the God of Nature who so bountifully 
provides for. his feathered creatures 
has not neglected to provide as abund- 


antly for man the materials and op- 
portunities whereby he may provide 


_ for himself. 


On May 3d while working in the 
woods I noticed a Hairy: Woodpecker 
pluming herself and while watching 
her she flew about 70 yards and alight- 
ed upon an Ash tree ina swamp. ‘The 
tree referred to was broken off at the 
heighth of about 50 feet and was dead 
for a few feet lower. In the dead por- 
tion were several Woodpecker holes, 
all old excepting one, below which my 
bird alighted’ and after scanning the 
vicinity very closely for some time she 
entered her nest.. Upon examination I 
found her eggs to be four in number 
and perfectly fresh. A short distance 
from this find I flushed a La. Water 
Thrush from the roots of an upturned 
tree and there in plain view was her 
nest among roots, about 16 inches 
above water and containing six lovely 
fresh eggs 

On May Sth while felling hemlock 
stubs ina pasture J noticed several 
Robins making an unusual outcry and 
upon approaching a clump of bushes 
where they were a Saw Whet Owl flew 
away a short distance and desiring a 
specimen I cautiously approached it 
and was successful in killing it with 
a pole. Limmediately noticed that it 
was a female and had been incubating. 
Just then I] remembered that when a 
certain very dry, crumbly, rotten top- 
ped stub was felled that a cloud of dust 
and some bits of down arose and float- 
ed away in the air from the top of it. 
The thought of discovering broken 
eges made me heart-sick, but instead. 
six young Owls were excavated from 
the ruins of what had been at a remote 
time the nestivg place of a Flicker. 
The young varied in size frem a little 
downy fellow to one larger than their 
parent and no two were the same size 
but were a perfect graduation. — All 
had been covered with cream colored 
dowu and brown feathers had started 


THE OOLOGIST. 25 


on the large ones. So brown were the 
feathers and so large one of the young 
that at first I thought them to be 
Sereech Owls, but the nest was proof 
of the species, for amongst bird feath- 
ers, mouse hair and cast up pellets, 
the feathers of the old Saw Whet Owls 
predominated. I regret very much 
that all the young had been killed by 
the falling of the tree. for I would. like 
to have caged and tamed them. 

Evening Grosbeaks were very com- 
mon here iast winter:and I heard the 
loud notes of afew individuals as late 
as the middle of May. 

Hermit Thrushes are an abundant 
summer resident, The only nest of 
this species observed was discovered 
while I was. picking  huckleberries. 
The eggs were four in number and 
closely resemblefl those of Wilson’s 
Thrush, as did also the nest, which was 
placed amongst bog moss and well hid- 
den-by bushes of the huckleberry. The 
date of this find was about the last of 
July. 

On August 5th I took pails and start- 
ed out to hunt wild berries aad after 
few hours’ tramp discovered a marsh 
that no human berry pickers had med- 
dled with. Before my @elighted gaze 
were thousands of quarts of -huckle- 
berries of the largest size*and nearl, 
all ripe. Such a beautiful sight. The 
bushes about one foot high and laden 
with bunches of berries so, large that 
they resembled sprigs of grapes. I 
filled my dishes in a few minutes and 
took a stroll through the marsh.  [ 
could not walk without crnshing the 
ripe fruit by the quart. 
pair of Marsh Hawks and_ searched 
in vain for their nest. The shrubbery 
and trees surrounding the marsh re- 


I observed a 


sounded with noises of birds which 
surely were eujoying life to its fullest 
extent. The fruit-eating birds of this 


locality are, during the summer abund- 
antly supplied with wild fruit, such as 
strawberries, rec 


and black rasv ber- 


26 THE OOLOGIST. 


ries, dewberries, blackberries, cran- 
berries, wild grapes and berries of the 
wintergreen. Thus has naiure in this 
locality supplied the fowls of the air 
with a variety of fruits the year round, 
and so lavish is the supply that last 
season many thousand bushels of wild 
fruit rotted where they grew. 

JoHN A. MORDEN, 

Sherman City, Mich. 


>< 


The Birds Which Breed in Central Park 
New York City. 


Few people have any idea of the num- 
ber of birds which breed annually in 
Central Park New York City. 

The park is a stretch of land two and 
one-half miles Jong by one-half mile 
wide and is in the heart of the great 
city. In the spring it serves as a rest- 
ing place for thousands of our birds on 
their migrations northward and in the 
fall on their return southward. 

Early in the morning numbers of our 
feathered songsters may be heard warb- 
ling in the trees and bushes of this 
beautiful park, but they are fast de- 
creasing in numbers each year and the 
time will come when in our early walks 
we will not be gladdened by their beau- 
tiful songs. 

The first nest which I found in the 
park was that of a Song Sparrow Mel- 
ospiza fasctata). ‘The nest was compos- 
ed of grass lined with horse hair and 
was placed in the tall grass near a path- 
way and was found quite by accident. 
T was walking along when I heard the 
note of a Cowbird (Molothrus ater) 
coming from the tall grass near by, 
Stepping into the grass I flushed the 
Cowbird, which flew up from the grass 
a Short distance ahead of me, going 
over to the place I found the nest of a 
Song Sparrow containing four eggs. 
The eggs were greenish white thickly 
spotted with specks of reddish brown 
and average .78 by .57 inches. 

On the same day (Muy 4) I found an- 


other nest of the Song Sparrow which 
was built in a low bush abont eight in- 


‘ches from the ground, the nest was an 


old one built the previous year, it con- 
tained three eggs, size .77 by .58 inches. 

The next nest was that of a pair of 
Cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis). The 
nest was placed ina low bush, it was 
composed of twigs, leaves and vines 
and was lined with finer materials, it 
contained four eggs of a dull greenish 
white, with numerous spots of brown- 
ish olive, size .§9 by .74 inches. 

I found a nest of the Prairie Warbler 
(Dendroica discolor) which contained 
three eggs. The nest was composed of 
vegetable fibres and grass, and was 
closely woven making a very neat and 
close structure. It was in a thick bush 
about two and one-half feet from the 
ground. The eggs averaged .63 by .47. 
They were pure white with specks of 
reddish brown. It was found May 80th 

The Robins (Merula migratoria) are 
by far the most abundant breeders in 
the park. I have found a large number 
of nests, nearly all of which contained 
eggs. The nests and eggs are to well 
known to need description. . 

The Yellow-billed and 


Cuckoos have been known to 


Black-billed 
breed 
here also Yellow Warblers, Thrushes, 
Brown Thrashers, Red-eyed and White- 
eyed Vireos and many other birds and 
of course the ever present English 
Sparrow. 

A number of years ago on the side of 
the lake among the thick reeds, before 
they were cut, a pair of Herons used to 
breed, but that time is now gone never 


to return. 
R. C. WOODHOUSE, 


New York City: 


is the publication number of 
this OoLoGetsT, and it was 
mailed to subseribers Jan. 7. 


QT 


THE OOLOGIST. 27 


THE OOLocIsT, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 
Editor and Publisher. 


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ee 


Two Warblers. 


Only four or five of the Warblers 
breed around here, and none are at all 
common, but by careful hunting one 
will see a good deal of some of them. 
The two that I propose to say a little 
about are the Prairie and the Parula 
Warblers, with which I have had some- 
thing to do, but I have not been nearly 
so intimate with themas I would like 
to have been. 


First, the Parula. 

My first acquaintance with the pretty 
little bird and its nest was made in the 
Spring of 1887, I think. I was hunting 
nests in some woods about a mile be- 
low the city and was watching one of 
my very intimate little friends, a Blue- 
gray Gnatcatcher, whom I suspected of 
being engaged in building. The Blue- 
gray was ina hickory, when all of a 
sudden, a small bird crossed my vision 
with something in its mouth, and to 
my surprise, disappeared in a festoon 
of Spanish moss, with which the tree 
was decorated. 

In all my experience (which was 
very limited, by the way) I had never 
seen a nest in hanging moss before, 
and could not imagine what kind of 
bird it was. When I went home I con- 
sulted an older friend of mine,- and 
from my voluminous description of 
the bird, partly relieved my excitement 
by deciding that in could only have 
been one of the very rare‘‘Purple-back- 
ed Blue-throated Green Wobblers,”and 
immediately persuaded me to trade it 
to him. 

I went back some time afterwards 
and, after quite an amount of trouble 
got the nest and three eggs, which we 
found out were those of the Parula 
Wanbler, on consulting authorities a 
little more experienced than my afore- 
mentioned friend. 

Such was my first meeting with the 
Parula Warbler and I have only found 
one more nest of the species since. 
That was found in a small oak tree not 
over thirty feet distaut from the hick- 
ory and was in a much larger piece of 
moss. Ifound it by seeing the dark 
spots in the moss, and was much pleas- 
ed to find four very prettily marked 
eggs in it. 

I found this nest in 1891, and the 
previous year’s nest was in the same 
bunch of moss about six inches above 
the new one. A friend of mine has 
found seyeral nests and all of his were 


in moss, too, so I do not vibe ‘they 
build anywhere else.’ ‘ 

The nest is composed of very fine 
grass and vegetable down and is lined 
with fine grasses and horse-hair, the 
whole structure being woven in the 
moss at the bottom and sides, and is 
about the size and shape of:a- Field 
Sparrow’s nest. The bird seems to ‘en- 
ter by only one hole and that is situated 
in the side of the moss, just abov e: ine 
rim ‘of the nest. 

The eggs are of avery delicate flesh 
color, spotted with light reddish and 
are of a very fine texture, with a pol- 
ished look. 

I do not know much of their hebits, 
as they spend most of their time in tall 
trees from the tops of which you ¢an 
hear their’sweet little song every now 
and then. 

Now, a few words about the Pr airie 
Warbler. 

This bird ismuch more sociable than 
thé former one and is quite often seen. 
Their favorite haunts are woods that 
have been burnt over and have grown 
up with scrub oaks and thick under- 
brush. Here, they are at home and 
flit around eatehing their dinners or 
sit on the the top of the tallest tice con- 
veniently near their nests and sing. 
His, is a peculiar song, but very: pleas- 
ing to the ear.. It consists of about six 
or seven syllables on an ascending’ key, 
and, with all due respect, somewhat re- 
sembles the cry of a young Turkey. 

Although I have hunted their: nests 
a great deal, I have never collected 
set of eggs from a nest of my own. ‘I 
I have found nests, but they were all 
either old ones, or new ones that: the 
birds did not complete. On the con- 
trary, I have a friend who ean find this 


Warbler’s nest more easily than the 


nest of much commoner birds. ‘He gen- 
erally finds three or four of their nests 


a year, collecting sets from about onie- 
third. 
This year he found a nest in a‘ dog- 


28 THE OOOLGIST 


wood tree about five feet up, composed 
entirely on the outside of white cotton 
or wool and lined with fine grasses 
and horse-hair. The nest was equalled 
by the eggs, though, as he got the only 
set of five eggs out of it that was ever 
heard of round here, three being the 
usual complement, sometimes four. 

However, the nicest part of the whole. 
affair was—he gave the set to me. If 
found on looking the matter up, that 
sets of five were not uncommon. 

Their nests are very dainty little 
structures, compactly built, and rang~ 
ing from two to ten feet from the 
ground, usually about four. . They are 
generally composed of everlasting, fine 
grasses, weed stems, cotton, spider- 
webs, etc., and lined with fine grasses 
and horse- hair. 

The eggs are of a creamy back-ground 
with purplish markings and dots on 
them, generally thickest around the 
larger end. : 3 

A.R. HEYWBRD, JR: 
Columbia, S. C. 


joe 


A Collection of North Carolina Birds Eggs. 


THos. A. SMITHWICK. 


32. Field Sparrow. 563 


“set d.\' Weayerville. N.” C.,, May, a0) 
1891. Nest in buneh of grass, compos- 
ed of weed stalks and grasses. 4 eggs, 
incubetion begun, 64x.52, O0x20 OS Oe 
48, .61x.50. ¢ 

33. Lowhee. 587. 

Set. a.. Weaverville, .N.. C= 2Meyasts 
1892. Nest on ground, of grasses and 


Shapes ine bark. 4 fresh egos, .92x.72, 


ED Axara 0 Maxey ene) Xoo 

set b. Weaverville. N. C.: May ay, 
1891. Nest on ground undex pine bush. 
3 eggs, incubation well along, 1.00x. it, 
98x. 70, .9%x.71. 

34. Cardinal. Bor 

Set a. Raleigh, , May 31; 189%. 


Nest 4ft. high, in ae ‘of Ww eed. stems 
and reed leay es, Hen with grass. 2 


imesh eoos 96x. (le 9pxie! Ox mae 
Set b. W alke, N. C., April 30, 1892. 
Nest of weed and, vine stems, dry 


leaves, reed l@ayes and grapevine bark, 


THE OOLOGIST. 29 


lined with fine grass stems, 6ft. up in 


holly bush. 3 fresh eggs, 1.01x.73, 97x 
72, 1.00x 73. 

‘Set 'c. ‘Bertie Co., N. C, June 27, 
1890. Nest 8ft. up in pine bush. 2 


eggs, incubation four-tenths, 1-04x.72, 
BORO. 555 
Setd. Raleigh, N.C, May 16, 1890. 
Nest 4ft. high in briars. 3 eggs, ineub- 
ation slight, .97x.73: (97.73, .98x.72. 


Sete. Raleigh, N.C, July 2, 1888. 
Nest 3ft. high in alder bush.. 3 eggs, 
jucubation slight, .95x.73, 98.73, ,96x 


Ay 
SUR 


Set fi Asheville, N. C. on French 
Broad River, April 8, 1890. Nest of 
grasses and lined with fine roots, 6ft. 
high in pine sapling. 38 eggs, incuba- 
tion Well along, .87x.68, .96x.66, .88%.67. 

35. Indigo Bunting. 528. 

eae wwWialke N= Oe vaiine le atsgil: 
Nest of leaves. reed shucks. weed 
stems, ete., lined with fine grass. placed 
in forks of small oak bush 2 ft. up. 
3% eggs, small embryos, .70x.49, .72x.52, 
70X92. 

Set b. Raleigh, N C, June 18, 1890. 
Nest 6 ft. high in small ironwood. 3 
eggs, incubaeion slight, .69x.53, .70x.53 
02.04. 

Set c. ‘Raleigh. N. C., May 21, 1891. 
Nest 1 ft. high in thorn bush, of dead 
leaves and weed stems, lined with grass. 
3 eggs,incubation slight, .67x.57, .66x.54 
.67X.97. 


Set d. Weaverville, N. C, June 5, 
1891. Nest 3 ft. from ground in small 
bush. 4 eggs, incubation begun, .75x 


04, £16.04, .79X.55, .78x58. 
Sete. Weaverville, N. C., June 25, 
1890. Nest of leaves, lined with grass, 


18 in. from ground in small bush. 4 


eggs, incubation begun, .70xX.53, .73x.55, 
~71x.54, .69x.52. 

36. Scarlet Tanager. 608. 

Seta. Craggy Mountain, N. C., 
June 3, 1891. Nest 25 ft. from ground, 
and 15 ft. from body of tree. 4 eggs, 1 
broken, incubation well along, .86x.64, 
-92x.60, .89x.60. 

- 37. Summer Tanager. 610.: 

Seta. Sans. Souci, N. C., May 9, 
1891. Nest of weed stems and grass, 
lined with finer grass, 15 ft. up on hor- 
izontal limb of oak. 3 fresh eggs, .89x 
64, .93x.64, .91x.65. 

38. Purple Martin. 611. 

‘Seta. Walke, N.C., May 20, 1892. 
Nest of small sticks and leaves, 12 ft. 
up in bird box made in side of house. 
6 fresh eggs, .98x.72, .99x.72, 1.00x.72; 
SOX Os Oeil SOA exe ale 


-set bi: Walke, N. C., May 20, 1892) 
Nest.in bird box in side of house. 6 
eggs. incubatiou slight, .98x.70, .95x.67, 
.96x.68, .99x.70, .98x.67, .98x.66. 

39, Roughwinged Swallow. 617. 

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 19, 1892. 
Nest of grasses and dried green leaves, 
in hole: two feet long in hank over 
water, (Albemarle Sound), 7 fresh eggs, 
47X08, .(OX.08, J1X,02, .02%.52, 74x53) 
~74x.52, :72x.52. 

40. Red-eyed Vireo. 624. 

Seta’ Raleigh, N. C., May 31, 1890. 
Nsst 10 ft. up in fork at end of sweet 
gum limb. 3 eggs, small soft embyros, 
.76X.57, .80%.58, .80x.58. 

.Set b. Walke, N. C., June 4, 1892. 
Nest of bark, rotten wood, moss and 
spider webs, Jined with tine grape vine 
bark, suspended 7 ft. up below forks at 
end of dogwood limb.” 3 eggs, small 
emoyros, .80x.57, .79x.56, .79x.56. 


Setc. Weaverville, N. C., May 30, 
1891. Nest in fork of oak bush, 6 ft. 


from ground. 4 froash eggs, .83x.57, 
.83xX.06, .84x.59, .8dx 59: 

Set d. Walke, N.C., May 12, 1891. 
Nest of strips of bark, spider webs,ete., 
lined with hair and fine grass, fastened 
below twigs of small maple 9 ft. from 


ground. 3fresh eggs, .79x.55, .78x.54 
.74x.54. 

Sete. Raleigh, N.C,. June 4, 1890.. 
Nest 6 ft. high in sweet gum. 3 fresh 
eggs, .82x 56, .838x.56, .86x.57. 

Set f. Raleioh, N.C., June 2, 1890. 


Nest 9 ft high in sweet gum at end of 
limb. 38 eggs, medium embyros. .74x.53 
POXLOD, al UDO. 

Set g. Raleigh, N. C., May 19, 1892. 
Nest 5 ft. high at end of maple limb. 
3- fresh eggs, .80x.54, .78x.54, .79x.54. 

Seth Weaverville, N. C., May 235, 
1892: Nest in oak tree 6 ft.from ground. 
4 eggs, incubation well along, .78x.09, 
.S9x.58, .84x.59, .78x.59. 

41. Yellow-throated Vireo. 6.8. 

Set a... Walke, N. C., May 21, 1890. 
Nest suspended between fork at end of 
peech. limb, made of cotton, rotten 
wood, reed leaves, ete , lined with pine 
needles. 2 fresh eggs, .78x.58, .80x.57. 

42; Mountain Solitary Vireo. 

Set'a.'-Craggy Mountain, N. C., 
June 3,'1891. Nest in beech tree, 20 ft. 
up and 15 ft.from body of tree, compos- 
ed of fibres and lined with fine grass, 
outside covered with white spider webs 
and moss. 2 eggs, incubation begun, 
.82x.58, .80x.55. 

Set b. Snow Ball Mountain, N. C., 


30 THE OOLOGIST. 


May 29, 1892. Nest in maple tree 15 ft. 
up and 12 ft. from body of tree. 2 
fresh eggs, .86x.59, .84x.58. 


43. White-eyed Vireo. 681. 


Seta. Walke, N.C., June 22, 1891. 
Nest of bits of green moss, rotten wood 
and fine strips of bark, lined with fine 
grass, 8 ft. up suspended beiow limb of 
a bush. 3 fresh eggs, .71x.55, ».71x.55, 
.67x,54. 

44. Worm-eating Warbler. 639. 

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 4, 1891. 
Nest loosely made of leaves and pine 
straw, lined with hairlike moss, placed 
in slight depression of the ground, 
sheltered by a fallen limb covered with 
leaves, on gently sloping hillside about 
6 ft. from small run of water. 5 fresh 
eggs, .78X.50. .70x.54, .738x.07, .72x.04, 
72.50, ' 

45. Yellow-throated Warbler. 6638. 

Seta. Raleigh, N.C., May 5, 1892. 
Nest on horizontal limb of pine, 35 ft. 
high. 4 fresh eggs, .67x 52, .68x.51, 
.68x.52, .68x.51. 

Set b. Raleigh, N. C., May 4, 1891. 
Nest of grape vine bark, leaf stems, 
weed leaves, cocoons and other fibres, 
lined with cattail fluff and some _ hairs, 
43 ft. up on horizontal limb of pine. 


4 fresh eggs, .68x.48, .70x.51, .68x.49, 
.68x.50. 
46: Pine Warbler. 671. 


Seta. Walke, N.C., April 29, 1891. 
Nest of weed stems, pine stems, feath- 
ers, spider webs and other fibres, lined 
inside with hair and feathers, placed 
on horizontal limb of pine about 50 ft. 
from ground and 5 ft. from body of 
tree. 4 egos, small, soft embyros, .71x 
04, .73x.54, .73xX.58, .72x.53. 

Set». Raleigh, N. C., April 28, 1891. 
Nest 31 ft. high on horizontal pine 
limb. 4 eggs. small, soft embyros, .71x 
58, .73x.53, .73x. 53, .72x.538. 

Sete. Walke, N. C., May 4, 1891. 
Nest of grapevine bark, spider webs 
and other fibres, lined with hair and 
feathers, 35 ft. up on horizontal limb of 
pine. 4 fresh eggs. .70x.54, .70x.54, .73 
XO Os oxen 

Set d. Raleigh, N. C., April 28, 1890. 
Nest 39 ft. up near end of horizontal 
limb of pine. 
byros, .72x.54, .71x.54, .72x.53, .73x.54. 

Sete. Raleigh, N.C., May 7. 1890. 
Nest 64 ft. high in pine. 4 eggs, one 
broken, medium embyros, .63x.54, .66x 
04, .60x.04. 


4 eggs, small, soft em- ~ 


Wanted — Advice. 


Haying arrived a few weeks ago in 
Arizona with the prospects of remain- 


ing during the breeding season, I have 


very naturally interested myself in the 
birds, and also in the various old nests. 
which are to be found in the brush and 
trees, with a view to getting idevs 
which would be of use when nesting 
season begins. 

Now we are all aware that a number 
of desirable species in this locality, nest 
in the giant cactus; such as the Elf Owl, 
Gila Woodpecker, and Gilded Flicker; 
and finding all these species more or 
less abundant here, I made it the object 
of one of my first excursions to exam- 
ine these cacti. 

Well I have seen them in their native 
wilds, and also plenty of Woodpecker 
holes of allages. But right here comes 
the pinch, and the point where I want. 
advice. How in the name of common 
sense does: any one ever reach those 
holes? Probably you all know what a 
giant cactus is iike; if not imagine a 
young asparagus stalk magnified abont 
fifty times, and covered from top to 
bottom as thick as they can comfor- 
tably grow with exceedingly sharp, stiff’ 
and tough spines, each about an ineh 
long, and you have a fair representa- 
tion of a giant cactus. 

Ihave had some of the experience 
which falls to the lot of an odlogist; have 
climbed tall trees, and slim trees, and: 
slippery trees, and rotten trees; sus- 
pended myself over cliffs, and from the 
ends of drooping branches at varying 
distances from the ground; waded in 
mud and water, and dug in the ground, 
but I never faced just such a problem 
as this. 

‘vidently climbers are of no use, 
even should they hold in the soft sub- 
stance, I think the thorns would pre- 
clude their use. Even arope does not 
seem to help the matter, as the crowns 
of the shafts ofter no hold. True some 


THE OOLOGIST. 31 


of the cacti are branched, but these 
branches are themselves almost always 
so high that even if one got into the 
crotch, he would still have to make a 


further ascent. 

Of course it has been done and can be 
done again; Davie speaks of certain col- 
_ lectors taking sets of eggs from those 
cacti, and what I want to know is how 
they did it. 

Tf locomotion on a pair of fifteeen foot 
stilts was practicable on the desert 
sands of Arizona, obviously the prob- 
lem woald be solved to perfection, but 
unhappily it isnot. Now I.want some 
of those sets this season, and any hints 
from the readers of this paper would be 
received with gratitude. 

H. H. D., Phoenix, Ariz. 
SS ee 
You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your degision must be mailed us not 
later than Feb. 10th. Write on back of 
w postal card the five articles which yor 
have decided to be the most valuable, 
instructive and interesting in this num- 
ber of O6LOGIST aud mail to us. Num- 
ber the articles in the order which you 
think the prizes should be awarded. 

We also give our Judges tive special 
prizes, one to each of the tive whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judges whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s ‘Birds of 
Eastern North America’’, each of these 
parts contain in the average, 2 plates 
and 264 pages strongly bound in heavy 
manilla covers and at publisher's orig.- 
nal price are worth at least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book “Small 
Talks about Business.” 

3d A collection of 20 common eggs. 

4th A collection of 16 good minerals. 

dth A 50 cent pkg. of Novelties. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
Winning articles in the exact order and 


not winning one of the five special ¢ 


prizes we will give a copy of the ‘‘Stand- 
ard catalogue of North America birds 
Eggs.” 

To each Judge naming the _ prize- 
wiuning articles but not in their exact 


in this month’s Prize- 


order and not winning one of the 
five special prizes we will give a copy 
of that elegant new Columbus or 
World’s Fair Almanac. 
Address your decision to 
FrANK H. LATrin, 
Albion, N. Y. 


“Our Birds in Their Haunts.”’ 


My Dear Sir: 
Please say through the OdLOGIsT that 


the cause of the great detention of my 


work, the printing of ‘Our Birds in 
Their Haunts,’”’ is this: The printers 
promising to put on it extra hauds and 
work it off in a hurry, have simply 
worked it off at their leisure. Mean- 
while they have gained time by 
telling me falsehoods, which I have un- 
wittingly repeated to my subscribers. 
The work once partly done and largely 
paid for, it could not well be put into 
other hands. The printing is now about ~ 
done, and as the binding is to be done 
elsewhere, I trust I shall soon have it 
away. Yours truly, 
J. H. LANGILLE, 

Dee. 3, 92: Kensington, Md. 

LATER. 
My Dear Friend Lattin: 

After the greatest efforts I have been 
able to make continously since last May, 
I finally got the folded sheets of “Our 
Birds in their Haunts’? into the hands 
of the binder last week. I shall hurry 
the binder alll can. He is a reliable 
man. I have positively suffered with 
anxiety over the matier. Can you say 
anything in the next issue of the O6LC- 
GIST to explain? 
Yours most truly 

J. H. LANGILE, 


Dee: 22, 1892. Kensington, Md. 


HAVE YOU 


RHEUMATISM? 


Or do you know any friend or 
neighbor afflicted with any form of 
Rheumatism; if so send his or her 
address on a Postal Card to the 


PARISH CHEMICAL CO., 
Raisin sNews 
Rheumatism has been conquered 
by them and they will prove it to 
you. It will cost but one cent to in- 
vestigate this. J3t. 


ne | THE OOLOGIST. 


QF PRIZES 


during 1893 to 


$300.00 WORTH 


Will be Piesented 


The Patrons, Contributors and Readers of 


‘THE OOLOGIST. 


Our prize scheme during 7°92. has 
proved highly satisfactory to both our- 
selves and the participants, and we 
might also add to the readers of the 
O6LoGis®. ‘Taking these facts into 
consideration we have decided to not 
only continue making monthly awards 
during 793 but to almost, if not quite, 
treble their value. 

Each month duving 1893 we shall 
give five prizes. ‘These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month's O6LoGIsT. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ “Key to North American 


BEV ehS ie ae one ans aie $7 50 
Ridgway’s “Manual of North 
American Birds”. ......... 7 350 


Chamberlain’s Nuttal’s Ornithol- 


ogy” (REN GIR Se Maik ui eiteane 8 00 
Goss’s “Birds of Kansas” 7 90 
Wilson’s (and Bonaparte’s) Amer- 

lean Ornithology. 5 oc.) 7 50 


Maynard’s: Birds ofKasternNorth 
America” (text complete). 15 00 
Websters “International Diction- 
ary’’ (Merriam’s latest edi 


UL OND) SUNN Rare ela nce ie era 10 00 
Washington Irving’s Works (10 

NOS) Aer ai tnat ICs Je ere era ai 7 90 
"Wim. M..Phackeray’s Works, 10 

NOISE Rie ee ee tutee 10 00 
Chas. Dickens’ W orks, 15 vols... IW 25 


Jenk’s ‘‘Comprehensive Commen- 
tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 

large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 

sir Walter Seott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
310 worth of Phonographic Books 

and Publications, 

An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 

Breezericiu wes: 

A Due-Bill good for$31.40towards 

a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 

ing Rifle ... 

A Due-Bill good for$33.00 towards 

a new$45.00AmericanUnion 

(same as New Home) Sew- 

: ing Machine...... 
A Due-Bill good fort15.00towards 
anew $20 doublecase Odell 

Ay Peanvwiteie ie we oeeae 15 (6 

2nd Prize each month will be a part 

of “Maynard's Birds of Eastern North 


worth at publisher's 


* 


America® each containing an average 
of 8 plates and 940 pages strongly 


bound in strong manilla and cloth and 
origipal price not 
far from 97.50. 
3d Prize—Brewer's 
Odlogy” unbound, 


“North Actretteonen 
no. plates, original 


“price about $3.00 


4th Prize—Baird's ‘Review of Ameri- 
ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 

dth Prize—Mrs. St John’s‘t Audubon 
the Naturalist.” $1.00. 

Each article receiving at least as 
many eredits as there ave number of 
Judges and not winning one ot the 
leading prizes will be awarded a dupli- 
cate ot the 5th prize. 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as many credits as the number of 
Judges will be awarded a year’s sub- 
seription to the OGLOGISsT. 


‘New Standard etenge 
OF 


North American Birds F-ges 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. £. Bendire, J. 
Parker eos Usg., and 
Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives tre A. O. 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species, Over one 
hundred of which never appeared on any print 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 
Dealer or Collector. as. there is: not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given. and 
there is nota Dealer who. could furnish over 
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

The Catalogue is printed on éxtra quality of 
paper and contains 53 pages, Size 314x514 in. 


Price 35 cents per copy. 38 copies for $1.00. 


Taxidermists, 


Collectors, Everybody 


Should send two cent stamp to James P. Bab- 
bitt, 10 Hodges Ave.. Vatunton. Mass., for a 
san pie of skin tanned withBabbitt’s Glove 
Kia Tan, the cheapest, quickest and best Tan 
on the market. 

A large Catalogue of Naturalists’ Supplies, 
Tools, Eyes and price list of Stufied Birds and 
Eggs—2 cents. 


James P. Babbitt, 
DEALER, 
10 Hedges Ave.. Taunton. Mass. 


y 
20 CS Sf000\Seneeugeceaccuuaes 


ce 
Zr Monthly. 


VOL. X. 


< 
OSUGRCCGSS0GGRRGumeEEoEEDDercoGobeCweecUs UeGecoY ob-\eekuuun us 


22 é 
Ake GS 1: “ee, 


PRESB EEEEES aoe RAC A eye... 


ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1893. 


5 


BARTER gang er Se: 


? 
ke 
< 


le3 


Stat 
AR 
5Oc. per Year. 3 


Cf 


NO. 


Cis) 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘‘“Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department 
for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 


word. No notice inserted for less than 5vc. 


Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-balf list rates. 
“‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted tor ‘**Wants” and “Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


DEAR SIR:—I enclose herewith ‘‘copy”’ for 
an exchange notice which I would like to have 
inserted in next issue of the OoLoeisT. Ten- 
close herewith in payment for same 70c. in 
Stamps. I find thatan exchange or want no- 
tice in your magazine always brings more re- 

lies than from any paper I’ve ever tried. 

ery truly, THAD. SURBER, White Sulphur 
Springs, W. Va. 


“The exchanges have made me $% in cash 
during 1892” EF. B. WELLS, Grinnell, la. 


LOOK! 150 Youth’s Companions, Vol. 8 and 
9 Copies, Vol. 9 OoLoGisT, for best offer Bird's 
Eggs, first-class or Curios. R. W. STRICK- 
LAND, Forestville, N. Y. 


32 CAL. revolver. nearly hew, to exchange for 
minerals or Indian relics. J. T. FITCHETT, 
Beaver Dam, Wis. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—!ggs and skins of Kast- 
ern birds, and 20 numbers of OOLOGIST for eggs 
insets. W. lL. DUNBAR, care Public Library, 
Bridgeport, Ct.: 


* “By advertising in the OOLOGISTI have sold 
my collection of eggs.” O. H. BRAUGHLER, 
Santa Rosa, Calif. 


CASH PAID for; collections of first-class 
eggs. PROCTOR & CAMPBELL, Box 441, 
Hanover, N. H. 


FOR SALE for best offer.—28 different eggs 
allO. K., worth $9.50, with data. All letters 
answered. Address RUFUS J. BRISCOH, 1217 
Hawthorne, Minneapolis, Minn. 


NOTICH.—First-class singles of 521. 701, 129, 
73, 152, 227. worth $12.UU_for first-class sets with 
data. Will sell for $9. Will exchange or sell 
separately. J.W. HITT. 155 B’way, Indiana- 
pelis Ind. 


OVER 80 copies of 40 different collectors pa- 
pers and magazines, including 14 numbers of 
Swiss Cross and Natures Realm, American Na- 
turalist, Muoist, American Osprey, ete., for 
best offer of eggs in sets or bird skins. F. L. 
BURNS. Berwyn. Penn. 


RED-Shonldered Hawk. 2 sets of 2 eggs with 
data anda few fine singles, to exchange for 
cheap western sets with data. R. C. WOOD- 
HOUSE, 135 West 93 St., New York City. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A set of Cooper's books, 
worth $5 for sets with data. Singles exchanged 
for sets with data. J. W. HITT, 155 Broadway, 
Indianapolis, Ind. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—E flat cornet in good 
condition,22 rifle for gun or other desirable. ar- 
ticles Allanswered. JAMES BE. MALLORY, 
Baldwin, Kans. 


NOTICE.—I desire to correspond with every 
ornithologist in this county with a view of ex- 
tending our observations. MILLARD VAN 
WAGNER, Gretna, Duchess County, N. Y. 


EXCHANGE.—Copies of Scienfific American 
(also Builders’ Edition of same) and numerous 
magazines, for first-class sets with data. Wes- 
tern or southern sets preferred. FRANK H. 
SHOEMAKER, Hampton, Iowa. 


LOON and WOOD DUCK wanted in meat 
State lowest cash or exchange price. FRANK 
H. LATIN, Albion, N. y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A few sets 
With data to exchange for same, 
Stamps. Address ALAN 
lin, Kan, 


and singles 
Also a few 
PARSHALL, Ober- 


I HAVE for exchange an Adding Machine 
and Davie’s Key (cloth) for best offer in U. S. 
or foreign stamps. FRANK E. SMOUSE. Des 
Moines, Iowa, Box 835. 


WANTED.—Large Ostrich and Emeu eggs. 
Also afew skins. Offer tor same pair roller 
skates. jointed rodaud eggs. CHESTER. IR- 
VINE. Georgetown, Tex. 


WANTED.—Sets of eggs, climbers, caliper, 
Davie’s Nest and Eggs of North American 
Birds. will give for same singles of eggs, °92’s 
Youth’s Companion. and over 500 rare foreign 
and domestic stamps Send your prices and 
get mine. LEROY KING, 304 Forest, W,. De 
troit, Mich. 


34 ‘THE OOLOGIST 


NOTICE.—We post bills and distribute cir- 
culars; send stamped envelope for particulars. 
GEO. W. VOSBURG, Box 307, Columbus, Wis. 


TO _EXCHANGE.—50 consecutive numbers 
American Field (1891) in first-class condit'on, 
for best offer first-class eggs in sets with data. 
See eae E, McVITTY, Box 107, Bryn Mawr, 

a. 


A COLLECTION of Birds Rez; for exchange. 
To exchange for post1l stamps. Write for par- 
ticulars, and send your list of stamps. C. C. 
RENSHAW, Boyee. Clarke Co.. Va. . 


TO EXCHANGH.—Western eggs with data 
also, Singles for telescope, large calibre rifle, 
climbers or first-class bird skins. EDMUND 
HELLER, 195 Rubidoux Ave., Riverside, Cal f. 


WANTED.—A. O. U. No’s. 32 1-1, 125 1-2, 126 
1-3, must be first-class with complete data. 
Will give following first-class singl-s, 4, 74, 140, 
203. 337, 387. 388, 390; 501, 580. GHO. J. REED, 
Berlin, Conn. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Stamp album and collec- 
tion. 385 stamps, many rare ones, for sets of 30, 
32.77, 80. with data, or best offer, sets with 
data. FRANK B. EASTMAN, EHaston, Md. 


FOR EVERY 30 varieties North American 
Stamps sent me I will give 100 varieties foreign 
stamps. For every confederate bill 100 mixed 
stamps. FRANK L. OWENS, Brooklyn, Ia. 


WOULD LIKE to exchange photos of na:ur- 
al history subjects for others. also want cheap 
for cash a 32 cal. Colt’s or Smith & Wesson’s 
revolver. GEO. G. CANTWELL, 105 Pikes 
Peak Ave , Colorado Springs, Colo. 


FOR SALE.—A first-class 4x5 Detective cam- 
era with time or instantaneous shutter, recess- 
ed finder. focusing scale, ground glass and 
double plate holder. Covered with black seal 
leather and is in splendid condition. Apply to 
HENRY R. BUCK, Wethersfield, Ct. 


WANTED.—Birds in the meat, Hawks. Owls, 
Shrikes, Buntings, Jays,etc. in exchange for7!st 
class sets With full data. E.B. PECK, 15 Park 
St., Canandaigua, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Strictly first-class singles (large 
eggs preferred), a pair of strapped climbing 
irons (new) and a 22 Cal. rifle for 10U0 U. S. and 
foreign postage stamps, value $20. Address R. 
SANFORD, 17 Cottage street. Rutland, Vt. 


LOOK! 275 varieties of postage Stamps also 
500 mixed. Anda fine lot of ist class single 
eggs, for a pair of clim»ing irons, books. papers 
ete. Address JOHN W. INGALLS, Box 1627, 
Rockford, I/1. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of mounted Bo- 
hemiar Waxwings. Skins and mounted Prair- 
te Horned Larks. skin of Barred Owl, mounted 
Fox and Gray Squirrels. Wanted, Barn Owls 
inthe meat. WHIT HARRISON, La Crescent, 

inn. 


FOR SALE.—Fine sets Sennett’s Thrasher 
1-4 @ 10c..Curve-billed Thrasher 1-4@10e . Great- 
tailed Grackle 1-4 @ 10c., Golden-fronted Wood- 
pecker 1-4 @ x0c. Baird’s Woodpecker 1-4 @ 25c. 
st. Domingo Grebe 1-4 @ 20c., Chachalaca 1-3 @. 
25c., American White Pelican 1-2 @ 14e. Orders 
under $1.00, 5c. extra for postage H. C. HIG- 
GINS, Cincinnatus, N. Y. 


MINERALS.—I wish to get acquainted with’ 
mineral collectors from all parts of the world. 
I have for sale or exchange some fine mineral 
specimens. 1 make a specialty of analyzing 
and naming all kinds of minerals. I have a 
telescope, scientitic books. and pressed flowers 
of Montana to exchange for minerals or fossils. 
Send your lists. W. T. SHAW, Bozeman, 
Mont. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Wood's Illustrated Natur~ 
al History in good condition for best offer of 
eges in sets. KF. A. PATTON, Drawer 35, Ham-~ 
ilton, Canada. 


WANTED.—Correspondence for the purpose 
of exchange with persons interested in Birds 
or Eggs or having specimens.especially Atlantic 
and Pacific coasts, Canada or Gulf States. 
FLOYD MORSE. Ridgefield, Tl. 


TO EXCHANGH.—Arrowheads. C.S. A. and 
state bills, foreign Copper coin-, rebellion tok- 
ens. etc.. for Indian relics. coins, paper money, 
back numbers of Ornithologist and Oologist. 
ERWIN G. WARD, Palmer, Mass. 


TO EXCHANGE.—I will give $1 worth of U. 
S. or foreign stamps for every egg val. at 25c, 
have somevery fine ones. CHARLES ACHY 
WHITE, 1713 Leavenworth St., Omaha, Neb. 


FRENCH MOSS.—We have just received a 
new lot from Germany. Dyed bright green in 
“bricks” 4x4x6 in. All Taxidermists use it and 
pay %5 per cent more than we charge. Sample 
package prepaid only 15 cts., 1 doz. prepaid 


$1.50. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. i 


TANNING LIQUID, best made, sample bot- 
tle sent prepaid for 25c. worth of eggs, regular 
price $1 per quart. One trial will convince you 
that itis alli claim it to be. J. KH. HOUSE- 
MAN, Aylmer. Ont. 


TO EXCHANGE—Pair of Climbers. set of 


Taxidermist tools. good books on Ornithology 
and Oology, Spy Glass and Lacrosse racket. 
Wanted, first-class eggs in sets and books on 
ornitholozy and oology. GEO. H. ROGERS, 
JR.. BP. O. Box 77, Wauwatosa, Wisc. 


A FEW Foreign and Unit.d States Coins, 
minerals. ezgs and Botanical specimens to ex- 
change for eggs and plants. Correspondence 
desired with Southern collectors. DR. W. H:- 
ROTZELL, Narberth. Pa. 


FOR SALE. Studer’s Birds of North Amer- 
ica. entively new. Cost $145, will sell for $30. 
Every North American species represented in 
its natural colors. Euclose stamp for full des- 
criptioia of this valuable work: EF. W. Mc- 
CORMACK, care Herald, Florence, Ala. 


TIN COLLECTING CAN.—8x4 in. with bale 
and cover, easily carried in the pocket. Filled 
with cotton you will find it almost indispensible 
in lowering specimens from tall trees. Sam-~ 
ple prepaid only lz cts. Larger size 444x4 in. 


15 cts. A 50ft. drab line on winder to use with 
either, 8 cts. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, 
ING 


“HEET PEAT,.—An important article used 
largely by “Bug Hunters” as a substite for 
cork. Size 4x12x%, in. Sample sheet se., 12 for 
7ac, prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, 

ae ‘ 


FOSSILS, arrowheads, shells and curiosities 
to exchange fur same. GHO. H. DIXON, Wat- 
ertown, So. Dak , Lock Box 381. 


THE FOLLOWING eggs in sets (Ridgw. Nos) 
for others not in my coliection, No’s 22 1-4, 315 
1-5, 261a 1-2. 878 1-6, 22 1-2, 241 1-6. 7 1-4, 270 152, 214 
1-4, 13 1-3; 12 11-4, 304 1-3..63 1-4, 197 1-8, 1541-2) 214 
1-4, EH. S. 1-4. CHARLES A. ELY, Perrinviile, 
N.- J. 


THE OOLOGIST. 35. 


NOTICE.—i have anumber of old coins for 
sale or exchange. Address W. DELONG, 916 
Olive St., St. Louis, Mo. , 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Several 1st class sets of 
219, 6, 77, and 390 (A..O. U. No’s) for best offer 
in rubber stamps. Send list. H.S. DAY, Fre- 
mont, Ohio, 


INDIAN RELICS to exchange for telegraph 
instrument. Fine war relics to exchange for 
sets, Indian relics. coins F. L. ENGLEBERT, 
Nicetown, Phila,, Penn. 


TO EXCHANGE. Well polished specimens 
of Mich. and Fla. Woods for first-class sets 
With data or first Class Indian relics. MORSE 
HUME, Dearborn, Mich. 


WANTED.—Used postage stamps of the 
present “Columbian” Issue. Will give eggs in 
Singles and sets for same, No postals answer- 
ed. DR. MARTIN, Wellingto , Kansas, 


NAPHALINE CAMPHOR MARBLES. A 
large box of JQ marbles The neatest and hand- 
iest article ever made. to lay around in Speci- 
men Trays. Cases and Cibinets. Said to be a 
sure preventative against Moths and Insects, 
Price prepaid only 15 cts. FRANK H, LAT- 
TIN, Albion. N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE. - For first-class singles with 
data. -Part of Maynard’s “Birds of EK. N, Am.” 
ist MSS. Premium, March, 1892. ERNEST H. 
SHORT, Chili, N. Y. 


WANTED.—In the meat or fresh skins of 
Herons. White Ibis, Hooded “erganser, Blue- 
Winged Teal. Will give Ist class sets or part 
cashif necessary, F. M. RICHARDS, Farm- 
ington, Maine. 


$150. Rare Sets and singles including 
Eagles. Hawks Hummers, &.. and a small 
stock of Calif. curiosities, to exchange for Bi- 
cycle, Revolvers, Guns, Stamps, ete. Allans’d. 
C. TURTON, Los Angeles, Cal. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Four volumes of Youjhs 
Companion, August °82 to °86. complete un- 
bound; Pair style No. 2 climbing irons. A 1 con- 
dition. with straps; Davie’s Key first edition, 


paper. Will exchange all or part for first-class 
Sete wait data. F.C. WAITE, Sta. B., Cleve- 
and, O. 


FOR SALHE or EXCHANGE.-— Birds Eggs in 
sets or singles, climbing irons, views of Niaga- 
ra Falls, (Sum mer and winter) Autoharp, Type- 
writer. a large Magic Lantern (with views), 
Air rifle. fine polished and unpolished minerals 
Indian relics and mocca~ins, for first-class eggs 
in sets. Parties having same for sale please 

“send list. Sets of American and Northern 
Ravens specially desired. H. W. ISAACS, 
Prospect House, Niagara Falls, N. Y. 


NOTICE.—Will be pleased to receive orders 
for the following first-class eggs well identifi- 
ed. with complete data, insets or singles, to be 
collected this seaso2. Orders filed in turn and 
filled ween eggs are received. Payment on 
shipment, of which notive willbe given. A. O. 
U.-numbers: 141 @ .20, 144 @ .45, 294 @ .06, 297a 
@ .35. 800c @ .25. 312 @ .60, 825 @ .45, 360 @ .12. 
393c @ .45, 405 @ .60. 413 @ .06, 483 @ .45, 486@1,25, 
474g @ 45, 478 @ .60, 499 @ .05, 500 @ .08, 501b @ 
.06, 530 @ .06. 40b @ .15, 567a @ .380, 58le @ .2, 
588b @ .15. 615@ .25, 701 @ .60,719a @ 15. 7zla @ 
.08. 722a @ .60, 735b @ .20, 748 @ .1d. 758a @ .06, 
Mongolian Pheasant @ .40. 297a 1-52-7 now on 
hand. Sent prepaid on receipt of price. WAL- 
TON MITCHELL, 534, Summit Ave., St. Paul, 
Minnesota. 


SCALPELS.—We have a few scalpels worth 
from 50 to 75c. each, blades are more or less 
rusty, but not sufficient toinjure for use. Wilh 
close out at 30c. each, prepaid. FRANK H. 
LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


BLOWPIPES.— We have a few dozen blow- 
ers, all grades from 10 to 25c., that are either 
imperfect, seconds, or otherwise defective, 
over one-half of them will work. To close out 
will send sample for 6c. ; 10 for 50c.; 22 for $1. or 
50 for $2. A lprepaid. .FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion, N. Y. 


BRASS BLOWPIPES. We have just re- 
ceived a new lot of blowers and offer them at 
following prices willremove tip for blowing 
large eggs.if you wish without extra charge. 
Priceseach: Zin. long 15 Cts.. 8in. 20c., 10im. 
25e, 14in 35c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. 
Wo 


EXCHANGE.—I have a quantity of bird 
skins. a mounted grey squirrel and woodchuck, 
a solid lance wood fishing rod, a good reel. one. 
collecting gun. Will exchange for good rifle, 
revolver, books on medicine, old swi rds or any 
implements of war used, in foreign countries. 
W. R. BIRD, Mason City, lowa. ° 


EXCHANGE.—Bald Eagle 6-2 3-1. Buzzard 
15-2, 3-1, Cooper’s Hawk 2-4 1-2 2-1, American Os- 
prey 40-3 4-4 15-1, Least Tern 50-1 6-2 5-3, Little 
Green Heron 2-4, 1-3 2-1, Bob White 1-10, 1-12 1-4 
1-14 6-1, King Fisher 2-5 1-3 2-1. Bull-bat 2-2 3-1, 
Barn Swallow 1-6n 2-4 1-5 1-3, Bank Swallow 1-4 
1-5 1-6n. House Wren 1-6. Carolina Wren 1-4, 
Crow 2-5 2-4 1-3 €-1, Mourning Dove 1-2n 2-1, 
Flicker 1-7, 1-6, 1-4 81, Grasshopper Sparrow 
4-1, Catbird 2-3n’s, Robin 1-3, 1-4, Meadow Lark 
1-3 1-4n, Wood Pewee 2-3n’s, Redwing Blackbird 
2-3 2-2, Bronze Grackle 1-3 4-1. Phoebe 1-4n. Al} 
eggs Ist class and data. At % rates, A. O.._U. 
Cash. F.THEO. MILLER, Lancaster. C.H..Va. 


FOREIGN STAMPS and PUBLICATIONS. 
Special price: to close out. 50 var. 6c.; 100 var. 
10c.;2 0 var. 40c.; 500 mixed 16c.; 1000 mixed 
30c.; 100 finely mined 20c.; 500 finely mined 90c. 
Philatelists albums, boards and cloth, 96 pages, 
2000 spaces. illustrated 24c.; Popular album, for 
beginners, linen boards, 1200 spaces, €0 pages— 
illustrated 1Uc. Merchants Flags of the World, 
per set 20c Portraits of Rulers per set 35c. 
Cots of arms of the World per set, 35c. Stand- 
ard Color Chart, per copy. 40c. Scott’s Catalog- 
ue (52d edition) over 850 pages, fully illustrated 
385c. Gummed Hinges, per 1000, &. Blank ap-~ 
proval sheets, ruled 50 spaces, linen paper, per 
10, 8c. Approval sheets each containing 30: 
var. stamps. 8c. 2d hand International 
album (6th ed.) with set of Hamburg Locals, 
65c. International album ( th edition) 2d hand 
65sec. All prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN. Al- 
bion, N. Y. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I have the following 
first-class eggs, in original sets with full data 
(A. O. U. No’s) for exchange, Great Blue Heron 
1-3, Black Tern 1-3 1-2, Noddy Tern 1-1, Sooty 
Tern 1-1, Artic Tern 1-3, ‘\m. Sparrow Hawk 1-4 
1-5, Red-tailed Hawk 1-3 1-2, Am. Long-eared 
Owl 1-5. Barred Owl 1-1 Caracara Eagle 1-2 1-3, 
Turkey Buzzard 1-3. Black Vulture 1-2, Bobo-~ 
link 1-3 1-5. Sora Rail 1-6 1-7 1-8, Virginia Rail 1-7 
1-9, Am. Coot 1-6 1-7 1-8 1-9 1-10 1-11 1-12, Florida 
Gallinule 1-6 1-8 1-9 1-10. Long-billed Marsh 
Wren 1-41-5 1-6 1-7, Least Bittern 1-4 1-5 1-6, 
Yellow-headed Blackbird 1-4 1-51-6.Black Skim-~ 
mer 1-5, Meadow Lark 1-4 1-5 1-6. Spotted Sand~ 
piper 1-4 1-5 Bartram’s Sandpiper 1-4. Leaches* 
Petrel 1-1, Ca tus Wren 1-4 1-5. Cliff Swallow 1-4 
1-5 1-6, Bank Swallow 1-4 1-5, Lattin’s list prices 
as basis of exchange. CHAS. M. ELDREDGE, 
314 Chamber of Commerce, Chicago, Ils. 


“36 THE OOLOGISY 


MEASURE YOUR NESTS accurately when 
in the field. For this purpose we have just se- 
cured alot of A No. 1 pencils for taking notes 

~each with a good rubber tip and 12 inch spring 
tape measure—marked in 4in. on one side and 
1-10th meter on the other. ‘The tip and tap2 can 
be removed and slipped on any pencil. Sample 
“only 10c.,3 for 26c. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al- 
bion, N. Y. 
“THE AUK.’’—I desire at once Volumes No. 
-1, I, LV, V, and VI, also No.3 of Vol. VIII and 
No. 2 ot Vol. IX of “The Auk.” I also desire 
Nos. 2,3 and 4 of Vol. VIII (1883) of the ‘‘Bul- 
-jeiin of the Nuttall Ornithological Club.” I will 
_pay cash or give good exchange. FRANK HI. 
LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


AMERICAN HISTORY.—I desire, at once. 
“the tollowing books,either new of second-hand, 
Bancroft’s History of the United States, Ban, 
~croft’s History of the formation of the Cousti- 
‘tution of the United States, Fiske’s American 
Revolution, rostingham’s Rise of the Republi 
~of the U.S.. or any other Standard Works on 
American History. I will give in exchange, 
“Shells, Corals, Indian Relics, Minerals, Birds 
Eggs or other curiosities. Send discription of 
what you have to offer and state what you want 
or the same. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. 


OOLOGISTS WANTED.—I want copies of 
~Jan -Feb., 1887 or Dec. 1886 with Jan.-Feb., 1887 
attached, and June, 1888 OOLOGISTS. 
For each copy of the above publications 
- you willsend me before Mar. Ist I will give a 
copy of the *‘New Standard Catalogue” or a 
White Metal Blowpipe or an Embryo Hook or 
a copy of ‘Insect Collecting” or 25 cents worth 
~of 1890-1891 or 1892 OoLOGIsTs. FRANK H. 
LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets, and singles 
for eggs in sets. Many common sets wanted. 
ORA W. KNIGHT, No. 157 Hammond Street, 
Bangor, Maine. 


WANTED.—Breech loading rifle, Double bar- 
rel shot gun, Smith & Wesson. Colt or Reming 
‘ton. revolver. telescope, field glass, carpenter or 

painters tools. Will give good exchange in 
first-class eggs, silverene watch. books, papers, 
eons; etc. C. BYRON VANDERCOOK, Odin, 
Hls. J2t 


Kh NNOUNCEMENT 
TO COLLECTORS. 


I take this method of reaching my many pat- 
_rons, to inform you I have just added to my 
large stock of BIRDS EGGS and SKINS a fine 
lot of CORALS, MINERALS, FOSSILS and 
CURIOSITIES. Ineach Branch I have a fine 
assortment and those who have dealt with me 
in the past, know by experience that my prices 
-are the lowest and stock eqnal to the best. 
The Corals offerei for sale are mostly fine 
Bahama Species 
The Fossils from all over the U. S. 
quite rare, also others very cheap. 
The Minerals, include only handsome and de- 
sirable varieties, those best suited to the Col- 
lector. 
The Curiosities are mostly ocean and Florida 


Some 


specimens. I shall soon have a stock of 
SHELLS. 
I have 100,000 Datas for sale at the iowest 
prices. : 


If you have not my February list of eggs, 
*send ior itat once. Address 
WALTER F. WEBB, 
Cherry St., Geneva, N. Y. 


An Invitation. 

At the fifth annual election of the 
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the 
Agassiz Association, held Noy. 20, 1892 
the following officers were elected, Pres- 
ident, Lynds Jones, Oberlin, Ohio; Vice 
President, C. C. Maxtield, Danbury, 
Conn.; Secretary. Willard N. Clute, 
Binghamton, N. Y.; Treasurer, Reuben 
M. Strong, Oberlin, Ohio. This Chap- 
ter is rapidly taking its place among 
the foremost of American ornithologi- 
cal societies. By a system of co-opera- 
tive correspondence the members are 
able to accomplish much more than 
would be possible if workingalone. In 
four years the membership has grown 
to one hundred and fifty, about equally 
divided into Active aud Associate class- 
es. The Active members have entire 
control of the Chapter. - A new consti- 
tution has been recently adopted and 
the new methods it embodies puts the 
Chapter on a sound working basis and 
will enable it to make a much greater 
growth. In 1893 it isexpected to award 
several prizes to the members making 
the best progress in Ornithology. The 
Chapter also provides for the publiea- 
tion of allreports made by the members. 

In order to accomplish the best re- 
sults, the Chapter desires to have the 
name of every American ornithologist 
on its roll of membership, and all read- 
ers of the O6LOGIST who wish to join 
are requested to address the President 
or Secretary. A copy of the new con- 
stitution and other matter explaining 
the Chapter will be sent to all who ap- 
ply for it. Everyone who wishes to ad- 
vance American ornithology should be 
in this Chapter. The next election of 
members occurs in March. 


STRAWBERRY PLANTS, 
ASPARAGUS ROOTS, 
SEED POTATOES. 


I have choice plants of twenty Jead- 
ingvarieties of Strawberries, Tips of 
the Ohio Raspberry. Extra Fine 2 year 
old roots of Bar1r’s Mammoth, Palmetto, 
and Conover’s Colossal Asparagus and 
Fifty selected varieties of Seed Potatoes. 
Will sell at low rates, or will exchang- 
ed for desirable Eggs, specimens or 
Books in Natural History. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 3t- 


Our Annual Offer 


We quote the following Liberal Offers until March 1st, 
ON EGGS OF THE FOLLOWING SPECIES. 
Orders of 50c. or over sent prepaid, under that amount 5c. must be added ior postage and packing. 


For $1.00 you can select Eggs Ss to the amount Ot G51) oO) 


2.00 3.50 
SOO (hrs ns : 6.00 
an OO putt Sa tk is 11.25 
se 10. OO te oo 6 .. 25.00 


This offer will hold good until March 1st andis doubtless the only chance t) obtain ezzs af so low 
a rate of us during 1893. 

All specimens will be carefully packed in strong tin or wooden boxes and sent at purchaser’s 
risk by mail, or at our risk and purchaser’s expense by express. 

SECOND-CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-half the price of 
a first-class one. Parties ordering second-class Eggs must name a list of extra Eggs to be nsed 
as substitutes. 

SETS. We can furnish sets of species preceded by *. 

A POINTER.—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some cheap erg, not fouud 
in their locality with local collectors for specimens worth many times as much. Many wide- 
awake collectors will doubtless lay in a large supply for this purpose. 

I might add that if your collections are in need of any species included in offer, an opportunity 
to purchase at so low a rate may never occur again. 


Address Frank H. Lattin, Albion, N. Y. 


*American EHared Grebe..$ 15  Wilson’s Phalarope........... (Oma EN CK CT ere ore ees Sareea 03 
*St. Domingo Grebe........ . 50 *European Snipe. : 25  Red-shafted Flicker... 10 
*Pjied-billed Grebe..... -..... 10 *Bartramian Sandpiper... Sy 0 INGA NNER ee 40 
VECO Eres eee tee EE - 20 *Spotted Sandpiper... 15 Texan Nighthawk... 40 
*California Murre.............. Oar GUT Wray) cena rk ck eerste eee Chimney Swift 0 12 
SUD IBY 5 ely eae ee eee eee . 50 *Lapwing : *Ruby-throated ee 

Parasitic Jaeger':.-:-.2--: 50  *Killdeer....... 2 birdma DEM eran Peas ioen 50. 
Tefen ey Gru esse eee 20 Bob-white Costa’s Hummingbird....... 75 
American Herring Gull.. 20 *Florida Bob-white : Anna’s Hummingbird _.___. 50 
IMG We Gye eee ho 25 Texan Bob-white Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. 10 
Pranklin’s Gull.......-....:.-..- 35 Chestnut bellied Scaled JECT ONO NOR Ol 2 Oe 03 
LO Vallee nits re a me 40 HAIG SI Cl Caen eee 85 Arkansas Kingbird............ 06 
G@apoyswMhern pee. cee 40 California Partridge......... 10. Crested Flycatcher a Aa eat 12 
MOLSheTAS NCNM piece cesses 10| Walley Partridge............... PADS yl Nao DOES eee co peste pie OM 
CommonwT ern OS ec Rimteds Gr OuSele se eee ld) —Say/s Bhoebe =.= fenton a 
Arctic Tero........ BaP ayaa 10 Willow Ftarmigan ___. ICO ~ eileKelke THC 15 
GAS PROGINS feo pe ee 08 Rock Ptarmigan .__......... 100 Wood Pewee _. mS, 
PSO OU ye GR Mite eee ene encane Come Ola chailalcapee= es eee 7 Western Wood Pewee ..... 20 
HBridled bern i es. 100 *White-crowned Pigeon... 100 Western Flycatcher....... . “0 
slack Mern) mney sesso y Tes UO) > SWiloyetreranirayes IDYon ae eee cas 038 Acadian Fiycatcher 15 
PONTO GC Oiyaees 2252s 50 *White-winged Dove......... RU aaitblesly Can Chemi fens Ob 
BORD chiapas ae eet eter 75 Mexican Ground Dove ..... 5) ~ Trail’s Flycatcher!.........- 15 
Stormy Petrel __.. FOPNCoopernis) Hawke 2-5 es== 30 Prairie Horned Lark 1b 
*Yellow-billed Tr opie ‘Bird 250 Red-tailed Hawk 50 Desert Horned Lark ......... 20. 
PUES OO Vere tote tee ea 175 Red-shouldered Hawk ...... 35, Texan Horned Lark....... 30 
Ganmnete. =... 30 6Pla. R-d-sh’ld’d Hawk... 7 American Magpie ............. 15 
Cormorant 50 *American Sparrow Hawk 20 Yellow-billed Magpie Bi eae 35 
*Double-crested Cormornt 25 *American Osprey ...... DOM RSS eR aiyeee ee = aire eEhanan, O4 
*American White Pelican. 385 American Long-eared Owl 35 Florida Blue Cee N72 gues 4G oe 25. 
*Man-o’-war Bird............... i (GO) SxeHEg ln Owl esse ee 50) California; diay. 2-2 ss 20 
American Merganser ..150 Florida Screech Owl......... DOM Americans Crowe 05 
Red-breasted Merganser... 7 Texan Screech Owl ........ . DOM eH onidal Grows ee 35 
Huropean Meal. -- 22... a 206 Calitorniai Screech Owl ga 50m.) HiShi Crowes. eee 35 
Green-winged Teal............ 50 Great Horned Owl ............ I Ws eASira weaver oe a SAe@ 
*Blue winged Teal..._....__... 30) iB ObAReN Abas Ohwillocnacosece | UB) Cloned 03. 
Canwas-backwa eee 125 Groove-billed Ani ...-.2.... WE (Oa) ID Niven (OXo\osbatol Les 10 
Barrow’s Golden-eye ........ 100 *Yellow-billed Cuckoo _.... 15 . Red-eyed Cowbird.............. 40 
EUUL CLO UL Cae ses nee ene ee 35 Black-billed Cuckoo... 15 *Yellow-headed Blackbird 03 
American Flamingo ......... 100 Belted Kingfisher... 20 *Red-winged Blackbird ..... 02 
American Bittern 75 Hairy Woodpecker........ .. 50 *Bicolored Blackbird ........ 10. 
*Measueibterne.- == 20 (SouthernHairy “> 22 100 *TricOlored Blackbird....... 15 
Great Blue Heron.............. 25 Harris's Woodpecker ..... 75 *Meadowlark ........ .........- 10 
LeKeOl Gis aV 1 DfeA Rey ote c een aemsae ne 35 Downy Woodpecker ......... 20 *Western Meadowlark...... 10 
Little Blue Heron........ ._... 12 Gairdner’s Woodpecker. DOD *Orchardi@riole) een) = 06 
GreenvEleroniy yeas ee 12 Red-cockaded Woodpecker 1 50 *Baltimore Oriole — 06 
*B’k-crowned NightHeron 12 *Baird’s Woodpecker ....... 100 *Bullock,s Oriole... ...... 10 
=| ahinay oahae yes ea keer eeereee Le 7 Red-headed Woodpecker... 08 *Brewe2’s Blackbird ......... 03 
\Witrestnanigy Lave Wiles es sees con - 20 Californian Woodpecker... 40 Purple Grackle ............. 05 
Sora .. wens 10 Lewis’s Woodpecker eee 35 Hloridia: Grackles s 2 =) 10 
*Plorida Gallinule _ 10 Red-bellied Wooipecker.. 25 *Bronzed Grackle.._..... 05 


*American Coot ............. _.. 08 Golden-fronted Woodpec’r 50 Great-tailed Grackle..... 15. 


38 


Boat-tailed Grackle......... ; 


*House Finch 
TRASH OOM 2 oossesbmene see cocbecsnes 
*American Goldfinch ...-.... 
Western Goldffnch ........... 
*Arkansas Goldfinch. ....... 
Lawrence’s Goldfinch........ 
Ch’stn’t-collaredLongspur 
Vesper Sparrow ..........------- 
Western Vesper Sparrow.. 
Oregon Vesper Sparrow... 
Savanna Sparrow........----- 
Grasshopper Sparrow ....-. 
W, Grasshopper Sparrow... 
Lark SURMECOW casas =so- sodas 
Western Lark Sparrow... 
*Gambel’s Sparrow 
Chipping Sparrow ...- 
Field Sparrow....------- 
Slate-colored Junco.... 
Black-throated Sparr ow... 
Song Sparrow... tes 
Desert Song Sparrow. Silesian 
Heermann’s SongSparrow 
Samuel’s Song Sparrow... 
Swamp Sparrow Sees ls 
TNO WAC CY ee sree reeeennee 
Spurred Towhee ...- ib 
Oregon Towhee 
California Towhee 
YOR WHS HUAN Fees tate Bec An! 
Mecca Or Cima meeesere en ene 
*Rosebreasted Grosbeak... 
*Black-headed Grosbeak... 
BlwerGROsbealken asses 
Western Blue Grosbeak ... 
Indigo Bumtimg..--...---.---.. 
IGewAwIn Leb bay baer ees s ae 
Painted Bunting 
Dickcissel 
Lark Bunting 
Scarlet Tanager. -.--2s..--. 
Summer Tanager 
Purple Martine =-....------ 
OM fh Swallow cesses 
Barn’ Swiallow 222 e 
Tree Swallow ...--------.-:---.-- 
*Bank Swallow....-. lee 
Cedar Maxis peta ea : 
SAI 2 NolrzinbyaVoy OVS ORY = Soe eee 
Loggerhead Shrike ..... _... 
White- rumped, Shrike... 
California Shrike... 
Red-eyed Vireo.......- 
Warbling Vireo ... See 
Yellow-throated Vireo. 
White-eyed Vireo .. a 
Be IRSAVAIRE Oe xeeeemece eens 
Prothonotary Warbler...... 
Blue-winged Warbler.. ..... 
Yellow Warbler 
Magnolia Warbler 
Black Poll Warbler .......-... 
Prairie myvid ale rsssassen ee 
Louisiana Water-Thrush.. 
Maryland Yellow-throat... 
*Yellow-breasted Chat...... 
Long-tailed Chat............... 
American Redstart..........-- 
ID Th oyoeWeS CONwvASN os 
“Mocking bird ........ 
*Catbird - Bates aur Dearie 
*Brown Thrasher pat 
*Sennett’s Thrasher........... 
*Curve-billed Thrasher.._... 
*California Thrasher......... 
“A OF GUTS) WARN socio ceosooaosose 
IB ewal ke SiaWVare Neen ee eens 
WGI ONOASS NAV TRST OS eas a Ne 
Baird’s Wren aeu 
HEV OUS CM VVEIRE Wess eee wenn 
Western House Wren........ 
Long-billed Marsh Wren... 
White breasted Nuthatch . 
, Brown-headed Nuthatch... 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Tufted Titmouse ...._.......... 
Texan Tufted Titmouse _. 
Chickadee .- see 
Oregon Chickadee _ Pe 
Carolina Chickadee .......... 
Californian Bush-Tit..___ 
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher...... 
Western Gnatcatcher.. _.... 
Wood Thrush....... 
Wilson’s Thrush. 
*Russet-backed Thrush... 
Olive-backed Thrush..... ... 
EVER MNIG ENG S eae ee 
*American Robin.... = 
Wiestern RO bim eee ees 
PBIWE DIEU hs ak ne a 
Western Bluebird........... 
Mountain Bluebird ............ 
English Sparrow.. ae 
FOREIGN EGGS. 
Lesser Kestrel ‘ 
Sparrow Hawk - 
Marsh Harri ier. 
Hen 
Montague’s ‘ 
Viel OW pee ica AM 
Nuthatch ah GN ihe as, ace a 


jatiass CASSIUS) AVIRA 
Sedsem Warblers ees 
WY TOMI TRORND oo eee epee cose 
Golden-crested Kinglet... 
AAV LORD OVOINEY Does ensee cho oecedocces 
White-spotted Blue-throat 
IB} EYOO OND ER eee eo 


rol Di gy OVeNe goo a ee EMS 
GoldenyOrioles ae ee 
Pied Flycatener...2.32 


Red-breasted Flycatcher... 1 


Red-backed Shrike 
Reed ee yyrpa a Wate) ei Sar ota 
PEIN Teh Os ete si eee ae 
*Jackdaw 
EnShieevenmsalrayeloy 3-03 
House Sparrow ::-.-.. 22... 
Te wullhalayelay he ee Mee 2, 
Sisley Sao eee eee ee ee 
Messer sed pollieseeesaee 
(OTROS IS) OM WN eee oe 
White-winged Lar Leigh Wie 
Calandra 
Short-toed Lark... .............. 
Green Woodpecker......... 
Gt-B’k backed * ee 
CUCKOO eae aE ea eye a 
Cirl Bunting PEA Nas eRe DAs 
Yellow Bunting eae savory 
Black-headed Bunting __.. 
SOMME HDAC oes ee gceno, ease 
Hedge Sparrow. .<.2--2-.2--2--. 
Willow Warbler 
Italian Sparrow........- 
*Red-breast............- 
*W hite-throat 
Common Bunting.............. 
sata ONE IDYONYE) seedy tenenoencosecseee 
AMER EAK=) IDONAS coccepenccsonezecth=se08 
Peacock (wild).... 
(Gawabavsyys INO kes a pceesosecueee 
Partridge 
Quail 
*Red-legged Partridge...... 
*Barbary Partridge........... 
C@apencailllie eae aeseesse stirs 
Rock Ptarmigan............... 
Bartramian Sandpiper... 
Buftf-backed Heron(2 small 
holes in side) 
Bitterness cea 
Gt-White Heron ....... 
Spotredd Redshank 
Curlew.. ce 


1-25 
4 


Redshanke! ea 50 
Common Sandpiper... 25 
GLECAtR SN Cees 1 50 
Common} snipe 40 
Viarber mi ajileoe see eee eenee 5. 5 
White-fronted Goose... 1 00 
SAIN IONONAG TAY eee ee 15 
Sheldrake ae eae 25 
Black-headed Gull... 20 
PHILLIPINE EGGS. 


Black-headed Weaver-bird 50 


Devil-Fish 


Hammerhead Shark. 15 
Nurse Shark. pe abe nD 
Egg case of Periwinkle. 20 


Fossil Fish Kegs. per 12. 10 
Crocodile sil 


Mud Turtle... 10 
Musk Turtle_..._... bere il) 
Snapping Turtle 15 
Emeu (Hole in end)... ....... 2 50 


Ostrich (Hole in end)._._.... 2 
(If sent prepaid 25c. must 
be included to pay charg- 
es on last two eggs.) 
Hummingbird nests 10 to 50¢ 
each according to -condition 
and beauty. 


Can-also furnish nests of 
about 50 species at from 10c. to 
$1 per nest. 

ENGLISH BIRD SKINS. 


We have on hand a few En- 
glish Bird Skins and haye con- 
cluded to include them in our 
“Annual Offer” to close them 
out. We have only one or two 
skins of a species, so always 
name substitutes. 

Sparrow Hawk 
Hnglish Jay .........22 : 
DO ViCR eee et SRI eee 
Starling . Selina es eee eee ee 
King fisher s/50 0 aan 


Nightingale Jie 

Bullfinen BEA teresa 

Yellow Hammer _ Se AD) 
Red-wing Thr TN 45 
Skylar ks 22 a eopeeee 40 
SParvVowie i Sareea eee 35 
RODIN AIO ee ee 40 
SUVS is as ee een 65 
Chaiihin'c heen renee 35 
(Goll@ifim Chie oe ree ee 45 
(Gare emnthina chee ese 40 
AINE bi. iS oe eevee 35 
Great Dit, eee ses pane) 
WV MOT eee eae 40 
Black-cap Warbler............ 50 
Whinchat.. De PE 010) 
Wie ae aa eee 40 
Stonechiait eee 40 
Pied Wiagtall2) 3. Bee hie l0) 
Tre er Rip ibis ste ae aaa 35 
Tea ee eo oe eae eae 
Hedge Sparrow .......-..- fe 335) 
Sedge Warbler... .............. 39 
Willow Warbler.............. 39 
Song ihn shinee cee se 
BTS Lit ee ee ane eo 
Ring Plover . 50 
Fieldfare __.. eure sper s 0 Gh) 
JSUIRYOU ONO i eee eerocnecee ce 50 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1893. 


NO. 2 


The American Osprey. 


BY DR. MORRIS GIBBS. 


*‘Soon as the sun. great ruler of the year, 

Bends to our northern clime his bright career, 

And from the caves of ocean calls from sleep 

The finny shoals. and myriads of the deep. 

When ppeeaing tempests back to Greenland 
ride, 

And day and night the equal hours divide: 

True to the season o’er our sea beat shore, 

The sailing Osprey high is seen to soar.” 


These true and expressive lines are 


credited to Alexander Wilson, the great. 


ornithologist, and are ample evidence 
of true poetic thought, and of the na- 
turalist. 

The Osprey or Fish-hawk is known 
throughout the length of our eastern 
seaboard, and how much further north 
Lam unable to say. I have observed 
it, apparently as much at home in 
southern Florida as on the shores of 
New England. It not rarely spends its 
summers in the interior, and in widely 
separated localities, being unknown in 
intervening regions of vast, territory. 
The Mississippi evidently offers an in- 
ducement as a route for imigration 
north from the Gulf, as is shown by its 
not rarely appearing in the vicinity of 
the tributaries of the big river. It 
nests in Michigan, and that too in the 
interior of the state, although it is 
more common about the shores of the 
great lakes. 

No one who has watched the habits of 
the Fish-hawk, can fail to take an inter- 
est in the noble bird. and there are few 
indeed, aside from the meddler, who 
will do an injury to this pleasing at- 
tendant of the fisherman. At the north 
it is looked upon as a harbinger of the 
season of plenty, and the fishing popu- 
lation almost regard it with supersti- 
tion. 


“She brings u3 fish; she brings us spring; 
Good times, fair weather,warmth and plenty ; 
Fine store of shad, cod, herring, ling, 
Sheep-head and drum and old-wives dainty.” 


Thus runs the old song, and undoubt- 
edly the hardy fishers were cheered at 
the reappearance of pleasant weather 
and good times, together with this 
winged messenger. Think of the joy 
of spring, and the pleasure in securing 
ample hauls of fish. Again they sing. 
“The Osprey sails above the sound, 

‘The geese are gone and the gulls are flying. 
The herring shoals swarm thick around, 

The nets are set and the boats are plying.” 

In Michigan, and in fact throughout 
the interior, the Osprey is so little 
known that the habits can rarely be 
studied, and itis only on the seaboard 
that the species is abundant. In all, 
not too well settled districts along our 
Atlantic coast, Fish-hawks may be found 
in season, the Maine shore-line being 
favored with their presence seven 
months or more, while further south 
the graceful fishers are found propor- 
tionately longer,and in Florida through 
out the year. 

This bird, nearly allied to the Eagles, 
is a very industrious creature, and un- 
like the so-called noble: bird, the Bald- 
headed Eagle, it never feeds on putrid 
flesh. The Bald-headed Eagle, the un- 
fortunately selected emblem of our 
country, which regales itself on dead 
fish, which it finds on shore, also has 
the censurable habit of robbing its 
cousin the Fish-hawk of its honestly ac- 
quired prey. Watching from afar, the 
Eagle hastens towards the successful 
Osprey, as soon as it ascends from the 
surface with its catch. The fortunate, 
or we might say unfortunate bird, per- 
ceiving its pursuer, mounts into the 
air and endeavors to escape. Up, up 
they go, and often appear like mere 
Specks before the pursuit is finished, 
It always appeared odd to me that the 
Fish-hawk does not attempt to escape 
by a straight away flight, as in that case 


40 THE OOLOGIST. 


the weight of the fish would not retard 
the progress as much as in an upward 
sweep. However, in all instances that 
T have read of and seen, the invariable 
effort at escape by the burdened Os- 
prey, is in upward flight; and too, the 
end is always about the same. The 
Eagle below moves in majestic circles, 
rapidly revolving about the struggling 
handicapped Fish-hawk, which vainly 
endeavors to save its fish by furiously 
flapping its wings in an effort to escape. 
At last, when the Eagle is on a level 
with the fatigued fisher, the fish is drop- 
ped in sheer desperation, as otherwise 
the Eagle would have pounced upon 
the industrious bird. As soon as the 
-bird has dropped the fish it can easily 
escape. The Eagle too, ceases its per- 
secution and flies off, apparently con- 
tent with the mischief it has done. I 
have read in descriptions of this contest 
that the Eagle would drop like an ar- 
row, when the fish was released, and 
catch it in mid-air before it reached the 
water. This act I have never seen per- 
formed, and shall never credit it till I 
have seen it. Ido not think that the 
act is usually performed because the 
Eagle is in want of food, for I have 
never yet heard of the Eagle’s visiting 
the dead fish after it had fallen. It 
may be though that the Eagle is await- 
ing for the fish to become putrid before 
visiting it. Still I think that the’act of 
chasing the successful Fish-hawk is one 
of pure wantonness. 1am positive that 
the Ospery never reclaims the fish, 
whether it falls on land or water. 
Sometimes, where a Fish-hawk secures 
a fish as heavy as three pounds in 
weight, the Eagle gains so rapidly upon 
it that the chase is short, and again, 
when only a small fish is secured the 
birds will nearly pass out of sight be- 
fore the silver streak is seen which 
marks the descent of the contested fish. 

The general make up of the Osprey’s 
plumage is much like that of the King- 
fisher, that is, in its resistance to the 


water‘ and the skin much more nearly 
resembles that of the ducks, than the 
other Hawks and HKagles. It is, not 
rarely, completely submerged when it 
is after a fish, and I have seen it re- 
main under water all of fifteen seconds 
when grappling with a prize. The 
main means for securing the prey, are 
undoubtedly the very large and strong 
talons, and it may be doubted if the 
beak is ever used when the quarry is 
attacked. Ihave watched the Osprey 
when it was fishing and can say that 
its luck va1ied greatly according to the 
run of fish or whether they were neat 
the surface or well below it. I have re- 
peatediy seen fish secured when the 
Hawk barely seemed to touch the sur- 
face, and again the bird repeatedly 
failed, even after going completely be- 
low. Like the attempts of the King- 
fisher, the efforts of the Fish-hawk are 


_ largely failures, but I cannot give the 


percentage of successful plunges. It is 


a grand sight to witness a capture. 


“With broad unbending wing, 
slow 

Marks each loose straggler in the depth below; 

Sweeps down like lighting.plunges with a roar, 

And bears his struggling victim to the shore.” 


and circling 


ASummer Ramble. 


How beautiful doth Nature appear to 
us, as we lightly step from the city. bor- 
ders into the verdure of the farmer’s 
crops! 

Proceeding on our way, thro’ forests 
clad in vernal splendor, we hear the 
pleasing notes of the Oriole. On the 
edge of the forest we see the swaying 
nest of these liberty loving creatures. 
As usual itis built in an elm tree, and 
so situated as to be almost inaccessible. 

High in the air, the swallows are fly- 
ing in circles, and their sharp chatter, 
as they chase one another, appeals 
very unsatisfactorilly to the ear. 

We now wend our way o’er the dusty 
road, then thro’ pastures green and 
fair. Above us,the ethereal sky of blue, 


THE OOLOGIST. 41 


forms a canopy wrought by the Master 
Hand. Overhead flies the Meadow 
‘Lark, while its patient mate, lover-like, 
watches o’er the brood. Occasionally 
we hear its plaintive notes, which al- 
ways inspire the writer witha feeling 
of sadness. It seemss as if the birds 
have a language, which we are privil- 
eged to study and even to understand. 

Resuming our walk, we suddenly 
come upon a nest containing three eggs 
which we identify as those of the 
Swamp Sparrow. What happiness is 
ours, for it is the first set of this species 
we have ever discovered. We press 
onward imbued by new hope. and are 
rewarded by sets of “Morning Dove, 
Robin, Catbird, Yellow Warbler, Cedar 
Waxwing, Blackbird and Purple 
Grackle. 

Are we proud of our day’s success? 
Ask the young Naturalist for he can 
answer. Grateful are we that ours has 
been the great privilege of becoming 
better acquainted with our friends, the 
birds. 


Ah, friend, if thou wouldst Nature understand, 
Commune with her, yes, go forth hand in 
hand; 
Translate the songs her feathered children sing, 
So shall thy life be but continued Spring. 
WILHELMINE A. STARK, 


Buffalo, N. Y. 


a 


Some Sparrows in Minnesota. 
a) 


The following observations were all 
made within a radius of thirty miles 
about Minneapolis, Minn. 

One of our rare migrants is the Le- 
eonte’s Sparrow, but I have had the 
good fortune to take two specimens and 
have seen twenty more. My birds 
were all seen in the long dry grass in 
the meadows. As I walked through 
the grass they would rise at my very 
feet and fly straight as an arrow for a 
few yards and then drop down. Here 
they would creep some distance and it 
would take a good deal of stamping 
about in the immediate vicinity before 


they could be flushed again. Where 
one was found there were generally 
several more. 

The Lark Finch comes about the 
middle of April and like the Vesper 
Sparrow he haunts the fields and road- 
sides. His song is not one to be des- 
pised, and perched upon a fence or 
clod of dirt he loves to sing away the 
late afternoons when the bird chorus 
from the groves has grown faint. 

He builds his nest on the ground in 
the fields, orvery often on the grassy 
banks along the road or by the side of 
afoot-path. [have found a nest plac- 
edin the cinders and chips between 
the two tracks of a double-tracked 
railway. I have seen a nest in a slop- 
ing sand-bank,within fifty yards of a 
large grain elevator within the heart 
of the city, and also one within a few 
feet of a base in a ball ground. In 
fact they seem to enjoy a place where 
their eggs are liable to be stepped up- 
on. All the nests that I have found 
have been lined with black horse hair 
aud contained four or five eggs. 

Harris’s Sparrow is not avery rare 
migrant. Just at that time when the 
migratiug Warblers pass through and 
there is an abundance of birds every- 
where, single birds or small flocks may 
be found fiitting along the hedges that 
border the roads or divide the fields. 
He also has a great affiinity for plum 
groves. 

He is very conspicuous on account 
of his contrast in colors and is quick of 
movement being almost continually on 
the hop. 

The majority of them remain but 
three or four days, though an occasion- 
al bird may be seen eight or ten days 
after they arrive. 

The White-crowned Sparrow is not a 


very common migrant and can _ be 
found in company with the White- 
throated Sparrow though he arrives 


somewhat later. 
The White-throated Sparrow comes 


42 THE OOLOGIST 


through in a regular tide. You will 
find him anywhere and everywhere, in 
brush-piles, hedges or groves. He re- 
mains long but does not breed. I have 
often heard his well-defined but tremu- 
lous whistle on a clear Spring morning 
from the top of some tree in the midst 
of the city. 

The Clay-colored Sparrow is not so 
well known about here as it might be, 
though quite common. It resembles 
very much the Chipping Sparrow. It 
lacks the chestnut on the head and has 
a little longer tail, but when one has 
once taken a specimen he will not fail 
to recognize it at some distance. Un- 
like the Chipping Sparrow he does not 
show that confidence in humanity, but 
inhabits the fields such as contain 
weeds, aS milk weed and mullen, or he 
may often be found about brush-piles. 

A nest that I found was placed in a 
tussock of grass and raised about half a 
foot from the ground. It was compos- 
ed of grass, but did not contain, as 
a Chipping Sparrow’s does, a lining of 
hair. 

The Swamp Sparrow can be found in 
large numbers in the bushes, flags and 
grass that skirt the edge of our marsh- 
es, and I have even seen it in high dry 
woods in the migraitons. I would list 
them as being as abundant as the Song 
Sparrow, but not so vell known on ae- 
count of their habits. Although on 
long acquaintance with them I have 
never yet heard a song that I positively 
knew was a Swamp Sparrow. 

Their nests are built in the long grass 
and weeds, generally where it is damp 
or on that line where the water begins 
to creep up in the grass. It is placed 
in some tussock and raised a few inches 
from the ground and is composed of 
grass and weeds. The birds do not 


often fly from the nest, but jump down- 


and creep along for some distance, and 
so swiftly do they go that at first glance 
at one running through the grass in 
this manner I often get the impression 


that itis a mouse. Sometimes several 
nests are found within a few yards of 
each other. 

The Fox Sparrow, that handsomest. 
of Sparrows, is a tolerably common 
migrant here.. You will find him in 
the thickest of groves, and you may see 
him on some April day flitting across 
the road, here and there, from thicket 
to thicket. He is not so sociable as 
other birds and although he may come 
North with a few companions he loves 
solitude better. No song that I have 
yet .heard from any bird throat has 
given me so entrancing an effect. He 
sings but seldom and then, from the 
top of some tree, with head thrown 
back and swelling throat, as if for his 
own happiness alone. He gives utter- 
ance to notes, remarkable for their 
sweetness, harmony and variety. 

H. M. GuiLrorp, 
Minneapolis, Minn, 


— >> 


Collecting in Chicago. 

When an odlogist sets out for a trip, 
when he finds himself face to face with 
nature, I doubt whether there is room 
in his heart for ought but the purest 
feelings. He is filled with exultant 
hope his step is buoyant, and life seems 
a pleasant song. He strays through 
shady depth, over sun-kissed fields, he 
stoops to drink from whispering brooks 
or cool springs, and again he waddles 
through mud cheerfully. And his time 
is well spent. 

Whenever I pick up theOéLoeisT and 
follow the writers through the various 
scenes and events a host of pleasant 
memories crowd upon me, and I always 
feel like joining the circle and take my 
turn, so here it goes. 

In the Calumet reigon, within the 
limits of the World’s Fair City there is 
a stretch of wet prairie you might call 
it, bounded by railroads, woody ridges 
and manufacturing suburbs. There 
are patches of rushes connected by 


THE OOLOGIST. , 48 


narrow necks of the same growth the 
rest is wild prairie grass, while here 
and there are clumps of willows to 
break the monotony of the waving ex- 
pause. This year the flood had made 
its way everywhere and the feathery 
tribes were safe here, save from the 
odlogist. In spite ofa section hand’s 
warning call, ‘“‘ye’ll, dthrown,” I made 
my way in water to my hips. 
that in muddy places I would only sink 
sofar. My experience goes to prove 
that the whole Calumet reigon is under- 
laid with hard sand which except in 
Mud Lake and the vicinity of Calumet 
river is at most only three feet down, in 
most places not that. The shell in this 
strata goes to prove that this was once a 
shallow from Lake Michigan. This 
gave a feeling of security which was 
not without importance. 

In the rushes the Least Bittern fairly 
swarmed this year. Iam sure that I 
found more than fifty of their nests-in 
the few times I was there. Only a lim- 
ited number of setshowever, were fresh 
enough to collect, the trips were made 
during the first half of July. The nests 
were platforms of rushes and gruss, 
and sometimes scouring rushes; the 
great majority measured seven inches 
across, in fact, this was almost invari- 
able; and they were placed all the way 
from the water to three feet above it. 
The favorite location did not seem to 
be inthe most tangled places in the 
rushes but near the grass where it 
was tolerably open; here they would 
often nest within afew yards of each 
other. The birds would rise and fly 
off a short distance as I neared the nest 
in no instanve did one “‘sit close.” Often 
the two were near the nest together, 
indeed, quite regularly. When a bird 
rose with ruffled neck and croakicg I 
was sure to find young ones, downy 
little fellows with large round, scared 
‘eyes, their long bills open for fight. 
The complement of light blue eggs 
ranged from three to five, commonly 


I knew . 


four, and [found one set of six. Oc- 
casionaly the big lazy cousin of the 
Least Bittern, the American Bittern, 
could beseen. I took one set of five 
fresh drab colored eggs of this latter 
bird; it sat close and flew fir when it 
rose. The nest was abulky platform of 
rushes on the water and placed rather 
openly. I need hardly state that this . 
find made me feel good all over. As 
a coincidence, I might:say that near 
this nest was one of the Least Bittern, 
and that the very next day I found 
another nest of the American Bittern 
containing one egg within three rods of 
the first. The second was like the 
first and they both measured abont one 
foot across. 

There were many other birds repre- 
sented on these grounds. It goes with- 
out saying that the Long-billed Marsh 
Wren was even more abundant than 
the Bitterns, the whole reigon teems. 
with them, and they raise a ceaseless 
chatter wherever you turn, and you 
may stick your finger into the opening 
at the side of their little house and feel 
the little lumps of chocolate. 

I found two deserted nests ofAlbinos. 
There. is poor chance for seeing the 
bird leave its nest, nay, when you see 
him he is eyeing you sharply first with 
one eye and then with the other, tail 
perpendicular, scolding with all his 
might. Who blames him? I also found 
belated nests of Pied-billed Grebe, King 
Rail, and Florida Gallinule. The flood 
was toblame for these. And at one 
end of my ground the female Wilson's 
Phalarope followed me in circles 
quawking and craning her neck. Here 
the grass was short asa result of pastu- 
rage; yet the flood was there too. I 
found no nest. I know _ trom for- 
mer experience that you might as 
well say that the nest is within a circle 
of a half a mile and arrange your plans 
accordingly; if you fool the bird to give 
the nest away you must be very sharp. 

Everywhere I waded I was followed 


44 THE OOOLGIST 


by the Black Terns uttering their shrill 
angry note which they emphasized as 
they dove at my head. Their young 
were swimming about in the grass. I 
canght one downy little fellow which I 


of course had to examine before I let: 


him go, and there was a corresponding 
anxiety in the angry notes overhead. 
At first those fellows vexed me, but 
soon it seemed to blend with the scene- 


ry. It was entirely too late for eggs yet 


I found one set of two fresh ones, 
probably the flood had suecored me by 
destroying the first nest of this pair. 
The ground color is yellowish green, 
they are thickly. spotted with dark 
brown and some lilac. The brown 
forms a broad wreath near the larger 
end of one. The nest was a slight de- 
pression at the top of a semi-floating 
mound of dead rushes and mud openly 
situated. There wasa slight attempt 
to line the resting cavity with some 
grass. In my experience ofa former 
year I found that the nests are all open- 
ly situated, sometimes they are of the 
above description and sometimes they 
are broken down Musk Rat houses. I 


found that the ground-color of the eggs - 


varies from brownish to quite greenfand 
that there is liable to be a wreath at 
the larger end of a good many of the 
eggs, rather lower than is common in 
smaller eggs. In the majority of cases 
Ifound but two eggs ina nest, only 
once or twice did I find three. 
JOHN LARSEN. 


-———_ >_< 


Scientific Osteology for Amatures. 


Being interested in the study of 
osteology I read with much _ interest 
the article in Nov. ’92 OédLoaisT relating 
to this branch of science. Having 
noticed afew points that I think can 
be greatly improved upon I will en- 
deavor to give the process used by 
scientific workmen. 

Now let us suppose that we have just 
returned from a hunt through the 


wood lands and among our game we 
have a fine Blue Jay. We will not 
preserve the skin, but the skeleton. 

The first thing an amatuer would be 
likely todo would be to strip off the 
skin and rough flesh, dump the bird 
ina kettle and boil it until the flesh 
would all come off. 

Ah, but this is wromg, vastly wrong 
for by so doing you boil the grease and 
fat into the bone and no human 
agency can ever remove it—Not cven 
the hot rays of the tropical sun would 
bleach it, and forever after your skele- 
ton is of a dark greasy color. The only 
true way is to lay the specimen before 
you on a table and with asharp scalpel 
or knife remove theskin and all the 
flesh possible, then Jay the skeleton 
away until it becomes thoroughly dry 
and hard. Meanwhile take a small 
wooden box, fill it half full of fine sand, 
this we will lay away for future use. 
_ Now if the flesh has become dry and 
hard put the skeleton in a dish and 
pour on water enough to cover it all 
over. Let it remain in this until it is 
softened and the muscles and ligaments 
are as pliable as when fresh. You will 
find by drying and soaking that the 
blood has coagulated thus making the 
flesh more compact so that when we 
come to scraping we can remove large 
pieces ata time and can clear the 
skeleton much quicker. 

Now comes the hardest part of all; 
little by litthe we must scrape. away 
until every particle of the flesh is re- 
moved, taking great care not to injure 
the ligaments that connect the bones, 
for we must keep them all connected 
justas they originally were so as to 
know the exact location of the different 
parts in life. 

Doubtless the average amateur could 
not clean the entire skeleton at one 
time so we willlay it aside but it must 
not be allowed to dry again until 
finished so we will take the box before 
deseribed and pour water on the sand 


THE OOLOGIST. 45 


untilitis thoroughly dampéned. On 
this lay the skeleton until time can be 
found to complete the scraping process. 

Supposing the bones now to be all 
nicely scraped and cleaned we will 
proceed to bleach and mount them, for 
no skeleton is fit fora cabinet until 
every bone isas white as chalk. The 
best known method for bleaching is to 
take an earthen dish pourin # gal. of 
boiling water and to this add} lb. of 
chloride of lime and 41b. of common 
washing soda, allow this to standina 
dark rvom until cold and then place 
your skeleton in it being sure that 
every partis covered, after five or ten 
minutes take it out and brush in cold 
water. 

At first the bones will not look much 
whiter than before but when Nature 
has performed her part you will be 
satisfied. As soon as the water has 
dried off the skeleton is ready to mount 

-on a temporary perch. 

In the base of the perch drill a small 
hole and in this fasten a wire of suffi- 
cient size to firmly hold the skeleton 
in place. With one hand hold the skele- 
ton on the perch to just the height you 
think it should come and fasten the 
other end of the wire securely to the 
back bone then bring the feet down on 
the perch and pin them in place, bring 
the wings in shape and tie them, crook 
the neck in the right position and set 
the specimen in the sun to dry. 

In a few days you will find the bones 
all firmly dvied together and bleached 
white as snow. 

Now itis ready to be fastened on its 
stationary perch and be placed in the 
cabinet. 

All small birds and animals are 
cleaned in this way. Itis a slow pro- 
cess Lut when you have your first 
specimen nicely finished you are not 
ready to stop. A fine skeleton is of 
more scientific value than a dozen 
skins. Let us study first bones and 
muscles, then feathers. 

Kirk B. MAaTuHes. 


A Collection of North Carolina Birds Eggs. 


TuHos. A. SMITHWICK. 


47. Prairie Warbier. 678. 

Seta. Walke, N.C., May 10, 1892. 
Nest of grass, reed leaves, bits of spider 
webs, etc.,lined with hair and feathers, 
placed 23 ft. up in forks of small maple 
bush. 4 fresh eggs, .70x.48, .67x.49, .67 
xedheh, {HOSS Sle 

Set b. Raleigh, N. C., June 10, 1892. 
Nest 2 ft. up in sweet gum. 4 eggs, 
Medium embyros, .61x,49, .62x.48, .62x 
.00, .65x.49. 

48. Oven-bird. 674. 

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 19, 1892. 
Nest of skeleton leaves, pine straw and 
fine grass, lined with hair and fine 
leaves, placed in shallow hole in the 
ground on hill near swamp. 4 fresh 
eggs, ./0x.08, .74x.68, 78x61, 74x61. 


Set b. Weaverville, N, C, May 15, 
1882. Nest oven shaped, of leaves and 


grasses, on hillside. 


4 fresh eggs, .76x 
.O9, .78x.60, .78x.60, 


.17x.60. 


Set c. Weaverville, N. C., May 20, 
1891, Nest: at root of small sapling, 


composed of grasses, leaves, ete. 4 
eggs, incubation begun, .80x.61, .77x.62, 
SPR Oll STB <ao9), 

Set d. Weaverville, N. C., May 10, 
1892. Nest of leaves and lined with 
fine grass. 3 fresh eggs, .81x.69, .78x 
De) We SOee 

49. Louisianas Water-Thrush. ~676. 

Seta. Walke, N.C. April 22, 1892. 
Nest of leaves taken from mud and 
coarse grass, lined with finer grass, a 
little moss and a few very fine black 
roots, imbedded in side of a mossy 
bank, 1 ft. above small stream of water 
in aswampy place. 3 fresh eggs, .78x 
DOs MiP OON aS X00 8 X09 8 

Set b. Raleigh, N.C , May 27, 1892, 
Nest 1 ft. high in side of branch. 5 
CLOSE MOXCOO) OX OON A CNX- OO) -O2k D9) 
19X.58. 

50. Maryland Yellow Throat. 681. 

Seta, Weaverville, N. C., June 1, 
1891. Nest in meadow, placed in 
branch of goldenrod and composed of 
leaves and grasses. 3 fresh eggs, .71x 
.08, .67x.53, .66x.50. 

51. Yellow-breasted Chat. 683. 

Seta. Raleigh, N. C. May 28, 1891. 
Nest 3 ft. high in briars, of dead leayes, 
lined with grass. 3 fresh eggs, .86x.68, 
.87x.64, .88x.60. 

Set b. Raleigh, N.C., June 6, 1892. 


46 THE OOLOGIST. 


Nest 2 ft. high in bushes. 3. eggs, 
small, soft embyros, .87x.67, .89x.67, 88 


x.67. 

Set c. Weaverville, NEE Cs May 30, 
1892. Nestin small bush 4 ft. up, of 
grasses and lined with fine rootlets. 4 
eggs, incubation slight, .84x.64, .79x.63, 
.85x.66, .82x.64. 

Set d. Foot of Craggy Mountain, N. 
C., May 28, 1892. Nest in briar patch 
2 ft. from ground. 3 fresh eggs, .87x 
.64, .82x.63, .84x.62. 


52. Hooded Warbler. 684. 


Seta. Walke, N. C., May 18, 1891. 
Nest of reed shucks, leaves, etc., fasten- 
ed with spider webs, lined with fine 
grass and a fine black moss, 3 ft. up in 
forks of small bush. 4 eggs, rather 
large embyros, .72x.49, .71x.49, .70x.49, 
.70x.49. 

Set b. Walke, N.C., May 16, 1892. 
Nest of strips of bark, grass and a few 
leaves and pine straws fastened togeth- 
er with spider webs, lined with a fine 
black moss, placed 2 ft. up in forks of 


a small, bent myrtle bush, 38 fresh 
egos, .67x.62, .70x.58, .71x.538. 
Setc. Walke, N.C., May 11, 1891. 


Nest 24 ft. up in clump of alder bushes. 


4 fresh eggs, .67x.53, .70x.53, .66x.53, .66 
x.58. 

Set d. Walke, N. C., June 2, 1891. 
Nest 14 ft. high in small bush, 3 fresh 
eggs, .66x.53, .65x.52, .67x.52. 

Sete. Walke, N. C., May 23, 1891. 


Nest of leaves, strips ‘of bark, straw, 
ete., fastened with spider webs, lined 
with fine grass and hog hair, placed 2 


ft. up in crotch of beech bush. 38 eggs, 
incubation slight, .66x.58, .65x.53, “68x 
.53. 

Set f. Walke, N. C., May 10, 1891. 


Nest fastened 2 ft. 
small beech bush. 
.68x.52, .68x.52. 
Set g. Bertie Co., N. C., May 9,1891. 
Nest in small elump of oak sprouts, 2 


high in twigs of 
3 fresh eggs, .67x.52 


ft. high. 4 fresh eggs, .65x.52, .65x.51, 
66x.52, .64x.51. 
58. Mockingbird, 703. 


Seta. Walke, N. C., May 28, 1892. 
Nest of sticks, cotton, moss, _Tags, etc., 
lined with fine weed stems, 7 ft. up in 
grapevine. 4 eggs, small, ott embyros 
.97xX.73, 1.02x. 76, 98x. 74, .98x.74. 

Set b. Walke, N.C., ‘June 13, 1892. 


Nest of coarse weed roots and grass,” 


lined with finer roots and horse tail 
hairs, 10 ft. up in apple tree. 4 eggs, 
small, soft embyros, .99x.74, 1.00x.74, 
.93x.74, 1.02x.75- 

Setc. Walke, N. C., June 28, 1892. 


aL OOxewiO al OS xen S smell Oxene 2s 


Nest of sticks, roots, grass, rags, ete., 
lined with fine weed stems, 8 ft. up in 
grapevine. 4 fresh eggs, 1.06x. 77, 1.02 
x.76, 1.08x.76, 1.00x.74. This and the 
two preceding sets came from one pair 
of birds. 

Set d. Plymouth, N. C., June 6, 
1890. Nest 8ft. up in apple tree. 4 
eggs, incubation begun, .96x.78, .92x.71 
.92x.70, 94x72... 

54. Catbird. 704. 


Seta. Walke, N.C.. May 12, 1892. 
Nest in bunch of briars, composed of 
sticks, leaves, ete.,lined with fine roots. 
4 tresh eggs, 97x.) 96, x2.) 98xamln go 
Koll ll, 

Set b. Walke, N.C., May 26, 1891. 
Nest 9 ft. up in bunch of vines in gum 
bush. 4 eggs, rather large embyros, 
.86x.66, .87x.67, .87x.67, .90x.67. 

Set ec. Walke, N. Ch. May 21, 1892. 
Nest 5 ft. up in bunch of bushes. 4 
eggs, very small embyros, .90x.67, .90x 
.67, .89x.66, .91x.67. 

Set d. Walke, N. C., May 12, 1890. 
Nest 23 ft. up in clump of holly bushes. 
A firesh eg ost. 91x00 9x01) eo 2sceaate, 
BO eeu ple 

Sete. Bertie Co.,N.C.. August 26, 
1890. Nestin beech tree, 12 ft. up. 3 
eggs, incubation commenced, .88x.67, 
.86x.66, .91x.69. 

55. Brown Thrasher. 705. 

Seta. Raleigh, N.C., June 1, 1888. 
Nest 2 ft. high in briars. 4 eggs, .98x 
4 .1.01x.74, 1.02x.75, 1.00x. 66) 

Set b. Raleigh, N. C.,A’pril 27,1889. 
Nest 2 ft. high in bush. 4 fresh eggs, 
I, Web 78). 

56. Carolina Wren. 718. 

Seta. Walke, N. C., May 5, 1891. 
Nest of leaves, moss, bark, ete., lined 
with hair, placed in boat laying on 


shore of Albemarle Sound. 5 eggs, 
small embyros, .76x.59, .77x.60, 77x 
59, .76xK.59, . 77x. 59). 

Set b. Weaverville. N. C., June 15, 


1892. Nest in crack of old log house, 
composed of rubbish, very bulky. 5 
fresh eggs, .76x.58, .75x.59, .74x.58 
75x .58, .75x.59. 

Setd. Weaverville, N. C., May 31, 
1892. Neston beam in old house. 5 


eggs. incubation well along, .72x.56, 
sli 4. eae (eX Oly. ey (GlOXO On eneuNen og 

Sete. Weaverville, N. C., May 5, 
1892. Nest of leaves, rootlets and 
grasses, placed in hollow stump. 5 
eggs, incubation well along, .71x.56, 
Ni SXCO OS HOOKED Oy Nie kee Os uaualeKes OTe 


Set f. 
1891. 


Weaverville, N. C., June 8, 
Nest placed in stable loft, com- 


THE OOLOGIST. 47 


posed of hay and feathers. 6 eggs, in- 
cubation begun, .72x.55, .67x.54, .70x 
Poo, 11x.56, -72%.56, .71x.56. 

Setg. Weaverville, N. C., June 7, 
1892. Nest of grasses, leaves, feathers, 
etc., lined with fine grass and rootlets, 
placed on the ground at side ofstump. 
§ fresh eggs, .72x.57, .738x.58, .72x.58, 
~70x.55, .69x.54. : 

Seth. Weaverville, N. C. April 10, 
1892. Nest of grasses, leaves, feathers, 
etc., in crevice of log house. 5 eggs, 
’ incubation begun, .77x.54, .77x.55, .72 
Se NT, 3 TESS De UEP So aie 

Seti. Bernardo, Madison Co., N. 
C., Near Hot Springs, May 4, 1892. 
Nest in hollow log, composed of leaves, 
grasses, feathers, moss, hair, ete. 5 
eggs, incubation begun, .70x.57, .70x 
+d, -/3%.57, .71x.56, .69x.55. 

57. Bewick’s Wren. 719. 

Seta. Weaverville, N. C., April 24, 
1850. Nest of rootlets and grasses, lin- 
ed with feathers and soft material, 
placed in end of hollow log. 38 fresh 
eggs, .67x.51. .64x.50, .60x.51. 

58. Brown Creeper. 726. 
Craggy Mountain, Buncombe 
Co., N. C., May 1.1890. Nest of hair, 
feathers, mosses, etc., placed in knot- 
hole in beech tree, 20 ft. up. 6 eggs, 
incubation well along, .63x.48, .62x.47 
.63x.47, .65<.47, .62x.48, 63x.47. 

59. White-breasted Nuthatch. 727. 


Seta. Weaverville, N. C., April 15, 
1891. Nest 50 ft. up in large white 
oak tree, composed of wool, hair, 
feathers, ete. 5 young birds and 2 
addled eggs, .70x.58, .67x.53. 


oo~? 


60. Brown-headed Nuthatch. 729. 


Seta. Walke, N. C., April 29, 1891. 
Nest composed of cedar bark, pine 
seed leaves, wool, rotten wood, etce., 
placed in hole picked by the birds in 
dead pine stump 1 ft. from ground. 5 
fresh eggs, .60x.46, .58x.46, .60x.45, 
.98x.46, .57x.46. 

Set b. Walke, N. C., April 26, 1891. 
Nest of rotten wood, etce., placed in 
cavity picked by the birds in dead pine 
stump 5ft. up. 4 fresh eggs, .59x.46, 
.59x.46, .54x.41, .59x.46. This nest 
also contained 1 Bluebird’s egg, .79x.65. 


61. Tufted Titmouse. 731. 


Set a. Weaverville, N. C., May 6, 
1891, Nestin ho'low apple tree 10 ft. 


from ground, composed of moss, leaves, 
feathers, etc. 5 eggs, incubation begun 
.66x 52, .69x.56, .69x.54, .68x.52, .65x.53. 


Set.b. Weaverville, N. C., May 5, 


' standing in water. 


- .08x.45, .53x.42, .60x.47, 


1891. Nest in hollow apple tree 4 ft. 
from ground, composed of leaves, moss, 


hair feathers, ete. 5 eggs, incubation 


well along, .71x.54, .71x.55, .70x.55, 
SX Oe se ONO 
62. Carolina Chickadee. 736. 


Seta. Raleigh, N. C., April 26, 
1891. Nest 7 ft. high in willow stub 
5 eggs. incubation 
slight, .60x.46, .59.46, .60x.45, .58x.44 
.58x.46. 

Set b. Walke, N. C., May 4, 1892. 
Nest of moss and fine shreds of bark, 
lined with a cottony fibre, placed in 
hole 4 in. deep picked by the birds in 
dead ash stub 8 ft. up over water. 5 
eggs, incubation slight, .58x.47, .57x.48 
EX AS OXS4 Omen x4 Oe 

Setc. Weaverville, N. C., May 10, 
1892. Nestin ,pine pole 8 ft. up. 6 
egos, incubatio, begun, .58x.44., .58x 
TAD, -DAx Ad. 2x40) 758x740, 259x AG. 

Setd. Weaverville, N. C., May 10, 
1892. Nest in pine stump 4 ft. up; 
composed of mosses, hair and feathers. 
5 fresh eggs, .58x46, .57x.46, .59x.46, 
BOO XRA I eID eA ae 


Sete. Weaverville, N. C., May 20, 
1892. Nest in willow stump 6 ft. up, 
6 eggs. incubation advanced, .55x.45, 
.04x.46. .58x.46, .55x.45, .58x.46, .d7x 
48. 

Setf. Weaverville, N. C., May 20, 
1891- Nest in oak stub 3 ft. up com- 


posed of hair, feathers, etc. 5 eggs 
incubation well along, .55x.46, .55x.46, 


.538x.45, .538.46, .55x.46. 

Set g. Weaverville, N. C., May 6, 
1892. Nest in stump .18 in. from 
ground, composed of hair, feathers, 


mosses, ete. 4 eggs, incubation ad- 
vanced, 497x.45, "00x45, .08x.465 dbx 
45. 

Seth. Weaverville, N. C., April 15, 
1892. Nest in pine stump 20 in. from 
the ground, composed of wool, hair 
and feathers. 7 eggs, incubation well 
along, .58x.46, .59x.46, .60x.46, .59x 
.46, .58x.47, .59x.46, .59x.47. 


Seti. Near Hot Springs, Madison 
Co., N. C., April 28, 1892. Nest 4 ft. 
from ground in gate post. 4 fresh 


eggs, .61x.46, .62x.46, .59x.46, .60x.46. 

Set j. Weaverville, N. C., May 10, 
1892. Nest in fence stake 6 ft. from 
ground, composed of rabbit fur, feath- 
ers, etc. 5 eggs, incubation begun, 
.59x.46, .59x 
BATE 

63. Blue-gray Gnateatcher. 751. 


Seta. Raleigh, N. C., May 4, 1889. 
Nest 8 ft. high in fork of sweet gum. 


48 THE OOLOGIST. 


4 fresh eggs, .60x.46, .58x.44, .58x.45, 
59x 45. 

Set b. Weaverville, N. C., Nest 
in willow sapling 25 ft. from ground. 
4 fresh eggs, .6Ux.46, .60x.46, .60x.47, 
.60x.46. 

Sete. Raleigh, N. C., May 24, 1890. 

Nest 7 ft. high in small pine on _hori- 
zontal limb. 5 fresh eggs, .55x.43, 
.58x.42, .57x43, .57x.43, .58x.41. 
’ Setd. Weaverville, N. C., May 30, 
1891. Nest 20 ft. fiom ground in wil- 
low tree. 4 eggs, incubation begun, 
.00x.46, .57x.44, .56x.44, 57x43. 

64. Wood Thrush. 155. 


Seta. Walke, N. C., June 6, 1891. 
Nest of leaves, straw and a layer of 
mud, lined with fine roots, placed in 
beech tree 10 ft. up. 3 eggs, small 
embryos: (92x71). 94xn715 296xe 72. 


Set b. Raleigh, N. C., May 16, 1888. 
Nest 5 ft.high in thick bushes. 4 eggs, 


Oe OOo 1, otkOxcs We oWio<a Ue. 

Set c. SanssSouci, N. C., May 16, 
1888. Nest 20 ft. up in horizontal 
beech limb, made of leaves with a layer 


of mud. 4 fresh eggs, .91x.68, .94x.72, 
.92x.70, 90x.69. 

65. Wilson’s Thrush. 756. 

Seta. Craggy Mountain, N. C., 


June 3, 1892. Nest of weed stalks and 
leaf stems, lined with rootlets, placed 


in abush18 in. from ground. 3 fresh 
eggs, .89x.64, .91x.65, .87x.65. 

66. American Robin. 761. 

Seta. Craggy Mountain, N. C., 


May 20, 1892. Nest in fork of beech 
tree 20 ft. up. 3 eggs, incubation well 
along, 1.11x.82, 1.14x.81, 1.12x.98. 

Set b. Craggy Mountain, N. C. June 
2, 1890. Nestin sapling 20ft. up. 3 
eggs, incubation well along, 1.10x.70, 
NMOOx. Tie de lax 19) 

67. Bluebird. 766. 


Seta. Walke, N. C., April 24, 1891. 
Nest of pine straw, coarse grass and 
chicken feathers, lined with fine grass, 
placed in a cigar box nailed 7 ft. up in 
un apple tree. 6 eggs, incubation 
slight, .86x.66, .85x.65, .84x.64, .86x.65, 
.85x.64, 84x.65. 

Set b. Sans Souci, N. C., May 3, 
1889. Nest in top of decayed gate post. 
4 eggs, incubation commenced, .80x.65, 
.81x.64, .84x.61, .88x.62. 


THOMAS SMITHWICK, 
Walke, Bertie Co., N. C. 
ERR 


is the publication number of 
this Oonoeist, and it was 
mailed to subscribers Feb. 3. 


The Sooty Grouse. 


Dendragapus obscurus fuliginosus. 

This large and handsome game bird 
is a favorite with sportsmen, butit is 
difficult to get a good shot at one as I 
have found by experience, for it keeps 
well hidden in the thick foliage of the 
fir tree, and is said to keep on the op- 
posite side of the tree from the hunter 
as he walks around it. 

The males are not often seen outside 
of the woods, as they feed on the fir 
buds near the tops of the trees a great 
deal of the time, or scratch under the 
moss and fir needles under the shelter 
of the forest. His hooting, which Davie 
likens to the booming of the Prairie 
Hen, issomewhat like the following 
wo1ds accented on the last syllable; 
W0-00, W0-00, W0-00, 00-00, gradually de- 
creasing in force. Itisafamiliar sound 
from about the first of March until 
about the first of July, and from this 
they are frequently called “Hooters.” 

The females are more often seen in the 
open, scratching in the leaves among 
the brush or feeding in .he grain fields. 

They begin nesting in the forepart of 
April and probably rear only one brood 
in aseason as I have not found fresh 
eggs later thau May 10th. From five to 
nine eggs constitute the complement. 

The nestis generally in, or at the 
edge of woods at the butt of a fir tree 
or stump, under a little brush, or 
im 2) eMAEe corner and is 
merely a depression among the leaves 
and fir needles that are naturally there. 
The nests measure about 725 inches 
across and from 2.87 inches to 4.87 
inches deep, according to the number 
of eggs they contain. 

The eggs vary greatly in size and 
coloration as descriptions of the follow- 
ing sets will show. 

No 1. Set of eight eggs, collected 
April 18, 1892. Incubaticn fresh. Two 
of these are buff cream ground color, 


THE OOLOGIST. 49 


with reddish brown spots scattered 
over entire surface; another is dark 
buff cream with very few specks; an- 
other is dark buff cream unmarked at 
large end; the remaining four have a 
delicate pink ground color, spottel 
with fine red dots. Average size 
1.90x1.36. 

No. 2. Set of nine eggs, collected 
April 30 1892. Incubation begun. 
These have a dirty cream groun | color; 
four are spot ed over entire surface 
rather,heavily with chestnut;one hasvery 
few fine specks at large end but heavi- 
ly spotted at small end; the remaining 
four are spotted, not thickly at large 
end, but heavily spotted and blotched 
at small end, some spots being .62 
inches across. Eggs about same size 


as No. 1. 
No. 3. Set of seven eggs, collected 
May 30, 1892. Incubation hegun. 


These have dirty cream ground color, 
and nearly all are marked sparingly at 
large end but spotted rathey heavily at 
small end with light brown. This set 
is larger than usual. Sizes as follows: 
2.00x1,38, 2.02x1.40, 1.89x1.40, 1.98x1.39, 
1.88x1.42, 1.86x1.38 and 1.86x1.37. 

No.4. Set of six eggs, collected 
May 10, 1892. Ineubation fresh. 
These have a rich cream ground color 
with pinkish tint,(except one which is 
a dull buff cream very sparingly mark- 
ed) spotted and dotted over entire sur- 
face with reddish brown. Sizes about 
the same as No.1. No.4 isa _ beautiful 
set and probably as near a typical one 
as can be found, although some lack 
the pinkish tint. 

ARTHUR L. Popr, 
MeMinnville,. Ore. 


++ <> > 


California Vulture. 


Pseudogryphus californiaus. 
The monareh of North American 
birds, the California Vulture, shares 
with the Condor of the Andes the dis- 


tinction of being the largest bird indig- 
enous to the western world. 

According to early travelers the Con- 
dor was a bird of unequaled propor- 
tions; a monster to whose powers of 
flight distance was no impediment, and 
whose united strength and _ swiftness 
rendered it the lord of creation. Near- 
ly all travellers indulged in wild theor- 
ies concerning the Condor, deduced 
from the popular tales and supersti- 
tions connected with the legends and 
traditions of the dusky-hued natives. of 
those distant lands. 

Later naturalists, like Humboldt, 
more observant and less credulous than 
their predecessors, have shown the fals- 
ities of these pretensions and have 
proven the Condor nothing more than 
a large Vulture, rivaled in size,strength 
and powers of flight by a bird of our 
own clime, the California Vulture.Thus 
have the romantic and extravagent 
tales related of the marvelous Condor 
long since passed into the realms of fie- 
tion. 

The California Vulture is the only 
species of its genus. It has the most 
restricted habitat of any of the large 
rapacious birds, being confined almost 
exclusively to the state of California. 
In autumn it is accustomed to visit the 
banks of the Columbia where in ecom- 
‘pany with other birds and various an- 
imals it feasts upon the dead fish 
abounding there at that season. These 
visits are only temporary; when the 
food supply diminishes the Vultures re- 
turn to their more southern homes. 

The office in nature of this species, 
like that of the other Vultures is to re- 
move carrion wherever found, that the 
evil consequences of it may be prevent- 
ed. The Vulture seldom if ever at- 
tacks living animals, when it discovers 
a wounded ‘creature it lingers near 
awaiting the approych of death. When 
the animal finally succumbs and falls 
defenseless to the earth, the Vulture 
and its con-comitants pounce upon it 


50 THE OOLOGIST. 


and soon reduce the body to a skeleton. 
After gorging themselves they loiter 
near in a sleepy semi-torpid state until 
their food is disgested. The more ray- 
enous, when able to stir, perhaps visit 
again the carcass, if any of it remains, 
and renew their disgustful feast. The 
Vultures are not generally courageous 
and are often put to flight by birds 
much smaller than themselves. Their 
strength is great but their claws are 
comparatively weak, yet four of them 
are reported to have dragged a young 
bear weighing over one hundred pounds 
a distance of two hundred yards. 

The flight of this bird is easy and 
graceful to the extreme.With little or no 
preceptible motion of the wings and 
moving in expansive circles it sweeps 
majestically along, covering by its im- 
mense powers of flight a vast extent of 
territory, and searching the earth 
below with its keen eye for its food. It 
sometimes, es pecially when hungry, 
mounts to a lofty height, appearing as 
the least speck upon the cloudless sky 
or perhaps venturing beyond the limit- 
ed vision of man, but not ofits own for 
by its powerful eye it scrutinizes every 
portion of the ground below, able to 
perceive any carcass there. On the 
ground it moves with becoming dignity, 
slowly and stately, but when it attempts 
to accelerate its pace it becomes at once 
ungraceful and clumsy. When itarises 
it runs forward a short distance to give 
impetus to its body. 

The Vultures are becoming percept- 
ibly fewer in numbers. They were 
once com non in the warm valleys of 
Central California, where they found 
subsistence upon the dead of the great 
herds that pastured' there unattended 
throughout the year. From the greater 
portions of these regions the herds 


have disappeared as the land became - 


devoted to agricultural pursuits, conse- 
quently the Vultures are seen no more 
in those places, unless it be a straggler 
that has ventured from its mountain- 


ous home to soar at a dizzy height in 
these semi-tropical skies. The advent 
of man is invariably followed by the 
retreat of these birds to more deep- 
seated haunts. It is possible, perhaps 
probable, that with the ultimate settle- 
ment of the wildest regions of Califor- 
nia that the California Vulture will dis- 
appear and, like the -Dodo and Great 
Auk, be numbered among the creatures 
that once were. 

The Vulture loves the mountain fast- 
nesses where it nests among the inac- 
cessible rocks and cliffs, and lives the 
undisputed monarch of the Alpine 
wastes. The eggs are usually laid upon 
the ground between rocks, or in crey- 
ices or small caves. An egg in the 
Smithstonian Institution taken near 
San Rafaelis of an uniform pale or green- 
ish blue color, no Spots, elongate-ovate 
in form, decidedly more pointed at one 
end than the other, and measures 4.40x 
2.50. The complement of eggs is one 
or two. Py 

There is authority for the statement 
that the Vultures when they find a car- 
cass tear open the abdomen and through 
the aperture remove the entrails and 
fleshy parts of the body and leave the 
skin covering the bared bones. As I 
have never witnessed this performance 
Iam unable to assert either the truth or 
falsity of the statement, but from what 
I have seen I am of the opinion that it 
is true, at least us regards the larger 
mammals. 

On the western border of the San 
Joaquin valley isa level, waterless expan- 
se Measuring many milesin extent, where 
neither tree nor hillock arises to ob- 
struct the vision, whose only inhabit- 
ants are a few Horned Larks, rabbits 
and coyotes. Here linger a few oftheherds 
that once roamed over the central part 
ofthe state. They find their food among 
the remotely situated mountains and 
quench their thirst at the side of the 
distant Tulare Lake; whither it seems, 
at stated hours they wander along sin- 


THE OOLOGIST. 51 


uous paths over the arid land in slow, 
jJumbering trains to quaff the insiped 
waters and lounge upon the muddy and 
. grassless banks. 

Here and there upon hot and dusty 
plain are mounds of whitening bones, 
each marking the site where once some 
creature fell to become the food of the 
scavengers of this dreary waste. Oc- 
casionally we meet with the skeleton 
of a cow still covered with the dry hide, 
through an aperture in’the abdomen the 
white bones are revealed. A glance at 
the heavens tells the tale. Far up, ap- 
pearing as so many dark specks, sail 
a few Turkey Buzzards and Vultures 
awaiting the fall of another victim. 
The whitening mounds that dot this 
parched land, the reclining bodies 
moulderinginto dust have all in their 
turn furnished a repast for yon fleeting 
specks. 

H. C. LItvie, 
Ann Arbor, Mich. 


A Lucky Day. 

It was the ninth of June, and the 
Sun had risen ina cloudless sky. The 
general indications promised a fine and 
rather warm sunny day. In my estima- 
tion, it was not to bea perfect collec- 
tor’s day, for I prefer to have the solar 
orb obseured, as itis then less difficult 
for one to recognizea small bird in the 
tree-tops, or to discover a cunningly 
concealed nest among the branches, and 
then it is not so fatiguing as when the 
sun shines brightly. 

I had decided to spend the day in 
collecting birds and their eggs, and 
consequently I started early, fully 
equipped with all necessary apparatus. 
My first objective point was a swamp, 
distant about one mile. Onthe way I 
secured a fine male Scarlet Tanager, 
and a set of four eggs of the Chewink. 
This nest was on the ground, near the 
butt of a white birch, and partially con- 
cealed by brush. 


On arriviug at the swamp, I soon 
found the particular spot that I had in 
mind. The large white oak andswamp 
maple trees were beautifully draped 
and festooned with the Spanish moss, 
which grows so abundantly in certain 
localities. This was a favorite haunt 
of the Blue Yellow-backed Warblers, as 
was made evident by the frequent 
songs of the males overhead. I spent 
some two hours diligently searching for 
nests, and at the expiration of that 
time, I felt well rewarded by finding 
three, two of which contained four eggs 
each, and one only two eggs. 

These nests were very artistic affairs, 
being entirely constructed of moss, ex- 
cepting a scanty lining of feathers, pine 
needles and the soft inner bark of the 
chestnut tree. They all were suspend- 
ed penduously from horizontal branches 
and they were rather difficult to distin- 
guish from pendant masses of moss. 

The eggs were creamy roseate before 
blowing, and they were dotted chiefly 
at the larger end, with several shades 
of reddish brown. 

In this swamp I also obtained a pair 
of Canada Warblers, and under an over 
hanging rock, a nest containing four 
eggs of the Black-and-White Warbler. 
The female fluttered out nearly under 
my feet, or [ should, in all probability, 
not have discovered it. The nest was 
in a depression, and it was neatly con- 
structed of grass,. rootlets, paper and 
horse hair. The eggs were white, 
spotted with reddish-brown and lilae, 
and each bad a noticable wreath of 
confluent splashes and dots around the 
larger end. 

Later in the day, in high oak woods, 
I flushed a Whip-poor-will and after an 
extended search in the underbrush, I 


-found two of the prettiest eggs I have 


ever collected, in a slight depression, 
among the dead leaves. They were 
ereamy-white in color and dotted, and 
blotched with shades of light brown, 
and lilac, some of the markings being 


52 THE OOLOGIST. 


partially obscured. I waited to secure 
the birds, but cculd get but one—the 
female. 

My next prize was a nest of the Wood 
Thrush, which was placed six feet from 
the ground in a white oak sprout. The 
locality was secluded, the nest was 
composed of twigs, dead grass, grape 
vine bark,’ dead leaves, and lined with 
mud aud rootlets. There were two 
eggs, considerably rounded at the ends, 
and of a beautiful bluish-green color. 
As these eggs were fresh, I concluded 
that the set was incomplete. 

The Wood o1 Song Thrush is one of 
my favorite birds, and I like to listen 
to its clear bell-like note, which is usu- 
ally uttered from the top of some forest 
tree, in the early morning, or on a 
cloudy day. 

The regularity with which this bird 
arrives from the south is very remarka- 
ble. My record of its arrival for three 
consecutive years is as follows: May 9, 
1879, May 8, 1880, May 9, 1881. 

While on my way home, I happened 
to pass through a pasture where juni- 
pers grow here and there. From a 
small tree, I flushed a Black-throated 
Green Warbler. Near the butt, and 
three feet from the ground, I discovered 
the nest. It was a neat and compact 
structure, fabricated of grass and root- 
lets finely interlaced and lined with 
brake-down, and white horse hair. Ly- 
ing within the concavity of the nest 
were four eggs of a delicate pink color, 
dotted and blotched with purplish- 
brown and vandyke, while a very no- 
ticable ring of confluent marks encir- 
cled their larger ends. Later in the 
season I discovercd a second nest in 
this same pasture, but in another tree. 
It contained young, and it was probab- 
ly built by the same birds, as the struct- 
ure described above. 

My last nest that day, was a prize to 
me, as it was my first of the kind. It 
was discovered on the upper side of an 
oak limb, which grew horizontally over 


acart path. My eyes fell on it acciden- 
tally, and at first I was uncertain to 
what species it belonged, but upon 
climbing the tree, the female bird flew 
off, and I recognized the Scarlet Tana- 
The nest was very loosely made 
of dead twigs, and lined with fibrous 
roots and pine needles. It contained 
three greenish-blue cggs dotted with 
purplish-brown, the marks being thick- 
er at the larger ends. 

J arrived home tired, but well pleased 
with the birds and eggs collected, the 
more common kinds, of which, I haye 
not taken space to describe. 

CHARLES L. PHILLIPS, 
Taunton, Mass. 


ger, 


><> + 


Winter Collecting or Something About Owls. 


The near approach of the collecting 
season, reminds me, that it is time to 
inquire, ‘“Mr. Farmer, did you ever find 
an Owl’s nest, or did you ever see on 
the ground at the base of a tree, little 
balls of hair and bones?” and not infre- 
quently do I receive from the one to 
whom I have propounded this query, a 
reply in the affirmitive, then, if you 
were to see my note book you would 
read, “Jan. 16,93, go 24 miles on new 
pike to Moaf Turner’s, then down 
through the lane, and follow the path 
to a big rock at the bend of the creek, a 
beach tree 25 or 80 yards to the south- 
east, an owl’s nest,” or a nest of my own 
discovery, reads: ‘Dec. 22, ’92, flushed a 
Parred Owl from a beach tree 582 steps 
from south side of old gravel pit, 
Eiliott’s woods.”’ Ihave 6 nests spot- 
ted so far this season, and of the 13 
nests heard of last season I took 4 sets 
and found one nest of 5 young screech- 
ers, in a sugar tree one side of which 
had a hole large enough for me to easily 
insert my hand, but I immediately re- 
moved the afore said egg grabber. 
Finaly mustering up courage I tried it 
again, with the above result. 


THE OOLOGIST. 58 


On Feb. 21, 92, I took a set of the 
Great Horned Owl, from what I think 
was an old hawk’s nest, although it 
may have been the nest of the Ameri- 
can Crow, as it was only 21 feet from 
the ground in a Jarge spreading oak 
tree, the complement of eggs was two, 
almost round, and pure white, 2.26x1.82 
and 2.30xi.80. I secured the old bird 
and now she occupies a prominent 
place among the house flowers, while 
the little white gems grace my cabinet, 
asset No.1. March 5, 92, was a fruit- 
less hunt, save a specimen I have label- 

ved ‘‘Nyctala acadica.” Saw-whet Owl, 
Female, I examined this bird for eggs, 
bnt found no signs of any, although, I 
think they breed here. 

March 14th was a good day for owls, 
or rather a rough day on owls and a 
goou day for me, for on that eventful 
day after a tramp of over 8 miles, we 
came home with two beautiful specimens 
of ‘““Megascops asio” one of the mottled 
gray variety, and the other a pretty 
brownish red, these birds were caught 
by putting a sack over the hole and 
beating on the side of the tree, we also 
took a set of six white eggs; nearly 
round, two of which were badly incu- 
bated, the others apparently fresh. In 
this same dark lonesome woods, we 
shot a Great Horned Owl, but the shot 
tore him to much for a cabinet speci- 
men. Next we took a set of Barn 
Owl’s from an old apple tree in an 
orchard near the house, these eggs are 
more ovalin shape than those of the 
other species, the average measurement 
‘of the six eggs is 1.75x1.30 in this nest 
as is characteristic of all the owls was a 
scanty bed of feathers plucked from the 
breast of the parent bird, and a few 
dried sticks and leaves, the few leaves 
probably put there by ‘‘Dame Nature.”’ 

On March 31,1 took another set of 
the Barn or Hoot Owl from a walnut 
tree close to the road, when I happened 
to see the old bird fly in, as I was_pass- 
ang inabuggy. Mr. Davie, in his valua- 


ble book, speaks of this owl in Southern 
California, nesting in various places, 
such as birns, holes in banks, bird 
houses, old bird nests, holes in the 
ground ete., but if they nest any place 
except in hollow trees in this locality, I 
have never heard of it. 
GEO. W. PITMAN, 
New Castle, Ind. 


>—_+—<>_ >_< 


The Sagacity of Fish Hawks. 

While at Eron, N. J., last summer, I 
was much surprised at the sagacity of 
a flock of Fish Hawks. . 

My brother and I were out collecting 
one day, when I saw a fine specimen 
perched on the top branch of a tree, 
situated not far from an orchard. 

I shot and the ball hit on its wing. 
The bird dropped, finttering and 
screeching from bough to bough until 
he contrived to clutch at a strong fork- 
ed branch and rested there. 

All day long he sat uttering piercing 
screams, aud the next morning was 
found to have gathered around him a 
large cirele of hawks who seemed to be 
holding council. Eachin turn chatter- 
ed busily, as if giving advice or pro- 
posing plans of relief, while their 
wounded brother seemed to listen 
eagerly and now and then put in a 
word. 

We called several friends, and the ap- 
proach of human beings produced great 
consternation among the birds, but 
they did not fly away and desert the 
disabled one. 

They fed the bird several times, some 
filying to the ocean and bringing small 
fish in their claws. 

It was easily seen, however, that the 
nearness of the tree to the orchard 
caused the greatest anxiety, and even 
after the invalid’s hunger was satisfied 
the other birds kept flying away in 
parties, while others perched on the 
tree as if waiting for the messengers 
return. It was soon evident that some 


54 THE OOLOGIST. 


plan had been made, but nothing hap- 
pened before sunset, when a_ single 
hawk appeared on the scene, then an- 
other, andanother; a chattering began, 
and the excitement increased as the 
messengers kept returning in twos and 
threes. 

The wounded bird seemed joyfully 
expectant, while the others flew around 
it joyfully. Soon a loud flapping was 
heard overhead, a flock of hawks ap- 
peared, and in their midst a giant hawk 
much larger and stronger than any of 
the rest. For afew moments it perch- 
ed upon the topmost branches of the 
tree, then started up and began circle- 
ing about, coming lower and nearer to 
its wounded brother, until, suddenly 
swooping it raised the latter in its 
claws and soared away with him tri- 
umphantly. The other hawks follow- 
ing leaving us overwhelmed with 
astonisment. We did not doubt that 
they were taking the hawk to some 
place where he could rest until the 
wound healed. 

Epw. P. THORPSTON, 
Hockessin, Del. 


American Goshawk in Illinois. 


In the August number of the O6LO- 
GIST a writer gives an account of the 
finding of what he calls the nest of an 
American Goshawk. 

I had expected some of our collectors 
would speak of it but as none of them 
have I will. 

Now I have collected birds for at least 
ten years and willsay lInever a saw an 
American Goshawk yet in this state,nor 
can I find among the reliable collectors I 
know, three ofwhom collect on the Illi- 
nois river, anyone who has found a nest 
and few have even seen 2 hawk. 

Ridgeway in his ‘‘Catalogue of the 
Birds of Illinois’? says: ‘‘Winter visi- 
tant; rare southward,” yet the writer 
in the ©QoLoGis® ‘says itis) = “a 


kind often seen in these parts, but 
so far as known seldom breeding here.’”* 
This writer only saw the bird and like a 
great many young collectors, at once 
jumped to the conclusion he had a: 
great find, when what he did find was 
probably a Cooper’s Hawk, a bird I 
know “is a kind often seen in these 
parts.” 

I wish young collectors could have 
the need of careful identification more 
thoroughly impressed on them. I 
know several collectors (?) who have 
no guide but Davie’s Key and will hunt: 
in that uutil they find an egg nearly 
like the one they have, and then have a 
great find. ~ 

Another thing I might as well kick 
about while I am at it is incomplete 
data. One with a set of Great Blue 
Heron gives ‘‘Nest in a Black Oak tree 
40 ft.up,”and no more—and the collect- 
or is not a boy either. 

I don’t suppose it isany use to rake 
up the subject of large holes in eggs, 
but some I get make me tired. 

A. C. M., Kewanee, Ills. 


The Yellow Palm Warbler. 


Dendroica palmarum hypochrysea. 

This warbler is very common here 
during the spring and fall migration 
but I had always supposed that it bred 
north of this State. 

On June Ist a friend of mine found a 
nest with 4 young of this warbler ina 
nest on the ground ina bog between 
Orono and Bangor. 

June 4th my friend and I started for 
the bog in hopes of getting a set of 
thier eggs. We had been there a short 
time when we scared up a female and [ 
was delighted tofind a nest with 5 fresh 
eggs. The female staid within afew 
feet of us and the indentification was 
certain. 

Shortly afterward I found another 


THE OOLOGIST. 55 


ncst wit. 4 young and in the course of 
the afternoon my friend secured a set 
of 5eggsin which incubation was ad- 
vanced. Altogether there must have 
been ten pairs of these warblers breed- 
ing in an area of 1 square mile as I saw 
at least that number feeding young 
birds in trees in the bog about June: 19. 
This is the only place hereabouts that 
I know of where the bird breeds and 
possible the only place in the State as I 
can find no authentic record of the 
nest andeggs having been taken in the 
State. If any one else knows of in- 
stances of its breeding in Maine I 
would be pleased to hear from them 
ORA W. KNIGHT. 
Bangor, Maine. 
Collecting Black Vulture Hggs. 

The Black Vulture (Cathartes atratus) 
is much more abundant in this vicinity, 
Montgomery Co., Tennessee, than its 
first cousin, the Turkey Vulture 
(Cathartes aura.) In fact, I have rarely 
observed the latter, while there is 
searcely « day passes in which I do not 
notice the former. 

This county is crossed by the Cum- 
berland river which has formed numer- 
ous and large limestone bluffsa long its 
course. The most of these bluffs have 
“caves” or holes running back into 
them, some only two or three feet deep 
others deeper. It is in these “caves” 
that the Black Vulture usually deposits 
its eggs, though some times they are 
found under an overhanging ledge of 
rock. As a general rule they do not go 
far into the bluff, but lay near the 
entrance of the hole, just far cnough 
inside to be sheltered by the rock. 

Audubon, in his ‘‘Birds of America,”’ 
states that a ‘“‘prostrate log or excava- 
tion in a bank of earth, suffices the 
Black Vulture as a nesting place,” 

Davie, in his ‘‘Nests and Eggs of 
North American Birds,” states its breed- 
ing place to be ‘‘in hollow logs, decay- 


ed trunks of trees, stumps, and on the 
ground.” 

Audubon’s statement agrees with this 
locality better than Davie’s, though 
neither mention caves or rocky blutts. 
In this part of the country they are 
never known to nest in any other 
place. I have never found a nest- nor 
heard of one being found away from 
the river. There is a bluff five miles 
below this city, Clarksville, on the river 
which is said to be the breeding place of 
a regular colony of thebirds, It is call- 
ed the ‘‘Red Rocks” and is a tremen- 
dous bluff literally filled with caves. I 
hare never been there during the breed- 
ing season but have passed the place in 
a boat later in the summer aud from 
the large flocks of young Vultures seen 
on the banks of the river in that vicinity, 
IT am inclined to believe it the breeding 
place of many birds. It isa very hard 
bluff to climb, but, nevertheless, I in- 
tend to try it, with the assistances of 
a good rope, during the coming season. 

The collecting of Vulture eggs on these 
bluffs is quite dangerous. A slip of the 
foot, or any other slight mishap is liable 
to be attended by serious consequences. 
I will describe some my trips after their 
eggs. 

With us the Vulture nests from the 
middle of March to the first of May. 

By reference to my note book for 1892, 
I see that my first set for the year was 
taken April 5th. I had noticed a pair 
of birds about this bluff, which was just 
across the river and not more than a 
third of a mile from town, for some 
time, and had decided that they had a 
nest there. My belief was strengthened 
by knowing that one of my fellow col- 
lectors found a nest there the previous 
year, and in this region, the birds fre- 
quently oceupy the same cayes from 
one year to another. So on the after- 
noon of the above mentioned day, I 
went with a companion to investigate 
this bluff. After walking about the 
foot of it some time, the old bird flew 


56 THE OOLOGIST. 


off from above my head. There were 
several holes in that part of the bluff 
and I explored, without success, all I 
could see. Finally I went on top the 
bluff and my companion went off some 
distance from the foot, in order to get a 
better view of the situation. He called 
to me that he saw something that look- 
ed like another hole just above a small 
ledge which obscured the view. I went 
above the place he indieated and find- 
ing a small tree growing up from the 
shelf just where he located the hole. I 
climbed down it, and was rewarded by 
finding a beautiful set of two eggs in 
the entrance of alarge hole which ran 
sideways into the bluff and out of which 
the tree that I had climbed down, was 
growing. I had quite a hard climb 


getting back with those eggs, but by - 


hard scrambling and making use of 
both the tree ard the face of the bluff, I 
reached the top safely, and in due time 
was at home, and my eggs were safely 
blown and put away in my cabinet. 

On the 15th of the same month, J 
found my third set for the year. I 
went in my boat to a bluff three miles 
above town. 
half a dozen or more “buzzards,” as 
the are called about here, flew out and 
settled on the trees. This was a worse 
bluff for climbing than the last men- 
tioned. It consisted of three parallel 
ledges, from ten to seventy-five feet 
apart, running its whole length, with 
but few places where a person could 
get from one to another. I went over 
the lower two without finding anything. 
The third and highest one was almost 
at the top of the bluff but not quite 
high enough to get on from above and 
out of reach from the lédge below. 
This bothered me a good deal but final- 
ly I “got there” in a risky and danger- 
ous way by pulling my self up by means 
of some rather slender roots which 
hung down from above. After getting 
on the ledge, I saw it was a risky busi- 
ness to go along it. It was fully 100 


As Tapproached the bluff, 


feet above the water. and in many 
places not more than a foot wide. I 
crawled along almost to the end with- 
out finding the object of -my quest, in 
one place having to get down flat on my 
stomach and crawl under an overhang- 
ing ledge. Truly, ‘‘the way of the col- 
lector is hard,” nevertheless, if he keeps 
going, he usually accomplishes his end 
in the course of time, which was what 
Idid. After rounding another corner 
or two, I came toa place where there 
was another overhanging ledge, and 
far back against the bluff was the finest 
set of Vulture eggs I have ever seen. 
Perfectly clean, as if just laid, unusual- 
ly large, with pale blue back ground, 
sparsely marked with dark brown 
splotches, one egg having only six spots 
onit As it was getting dark and | was 
ihree miles from home, I had to leave 
that bluff, though I must confess, I left 
very reluctantly for I felt certain of be- 
ing able to find more. 

Of all the Black Vulture eggs I have 
handled—probably fifteen or more sets 
last year alone,—not one have I noticed 
which had the “pure white back- 
ground” which Audubon says the eggs 
of thisspecies have. In every instance 
the ground color was distinctly bluish, 
which agrees wifh Davie’s statement as 
to this point. I would like to hear ° 
from some other collectors who hold an 
opinion on this subject, through the 
columns of this highly esteemed paper, 
the OdLogist. May ithave a long and 
prosperous extistsnee. 

JAS. A. LYON, JR., 
Clarksville, Tennessee. 


pe 


Will You Join Us? 


But a few tickets left to complete the 
club to attend the World’s Fair on the 
United World’s Fair Excursion Co. plan. 
Payments monthly or weekly; this is 
the strongest company in America, ap- 
ply to Local Agent or write United 
World’s Fair Exeursion Co., N. E. 
Dep’t, 406 Exchange B’ld’g, Boston, 
Mass. 


THE OOLOGIST. 57 


THE OOoLocIsrT, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 
Editor and Publisher. 


Corresnondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 
Single Subscription - - 50¢ per annum 
Sample Copies - - 5¢ each 
The above rates include pay ment of postage by us. 


Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good 
for an Exchange Notice and the other tor 25c. 
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 
Send stamp for Premium List for obtaining new 
subscribers. 

Subscriptions must begin with either January 
or July issues. Back numbers cf the OOLOGIST 
can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send 
stamp for descriptions and prices. 


_ & Remember that the publisher must be no- 
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa- 
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. 


NEW ADVERTISING RATES. 
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One-half column (42 lines) or more, per line....15¢ 
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Remittances should be made by Draft, Express 


or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or ° 


Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of 
any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un- 
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts 
payable and address all subscriptions and com- 
munications to FRANK A. LATTIN, 
Albion, Orleans Co., N.Y. 


*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries 
for “publication should be forwarded as early in 
the month as possible. 


AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER, 


ed 


nd 
"ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N, Y., 


aE 


A. M. Farmer says he found the King 
Rail quite common in Boone Co., [awa. 


The new edition of Langille’s, ‘Our 
Birds in Their Haunts” is now being 
deliversd to abvance subscribers. 


Friend § Kibbe,- of Mayville, N. Y., 
says:—‘‘I took sets of Red-tailed Hawk 
eggs, 1890, 1891 and 1892 out of the 
same nest.” 


Errata—On page 44 of this OOLOGIsT 
somebody made a bad mess of the word 
‘amateur,” we think that both Mr. 
Mathes and the Editor can spell the 
word. 


EK. L. Haley, of Phillips, Me., writes: 
‘June 6, in coming from Redington to 
Saunders, down the railroad traci, a 
distance of six miles, I found twenty- 
seven nests of the Black Snowbird, (Jun- 
co hyemalis) with one exception con- 
taining young. LIalso found the com- 
mencement of two more nests of the 
same specie.s” 


In glancing over the pages of this 
months O6LOGISsT, it is self evident that 
“the boys” are with its Publisher and 
that if the ‘‘tin wedding” volume of 
this popular publication is not a ‘“‘howl- 
ing success,” its not their fault. | 


H. Mathes, of Denver, Colo., writes 
that last season he founed three nests 
of the American Dipper, none of which 
were ot green or living moss and the 
average size of each was about 5x6 in. 


C. C. Renshaw, of Boyce, Va., writes 
of taking two sets (10 eggs) of Bank 
Swallow from one hole, on May 238d. 
He says that the second nest was about 
4 in. back of the first one, and seemed 
about one inch higher. 

EK. A. Fero, of Cohoes, N. Y.. writes 
that last October he was _ presented 
with a fine Sand Hill Crane in meat by 
a friend who shot it near that place, 


Hy C= Hot Cortland). Cos Na aye, 
writes: “My wife says if the house 
should catch fire, I would probably 


save my OoLoaistTs first and then come 
back after the children.” 


H. D. Watts, of Compton, California, 
writes of seeing a ‘‘pure white” Black- 
bird—and Chas. Bowers, of Columbia, 
Pa., a White Crow. G. M. A., of New- 


58 THE OOLOGIST. 


ton, Mass. writes: ‘While collecting 
on the 11th of June, I found a nest of 
the Yellow-billed Cuckoo containing 
seven eggs. The nest was 44 feet up in 
a barberry bush, and made of twigs, 
leaves and a few weed-stalks, lined 
with dried leaves and pine and spruce 
needles.” 


The Jan. and Feb. Judges contests 
promise to be the mostly hotly contest- 
ed ones on record but we doubt if five 
Judges, either month, will name the 
winning articles in their exact order. 


Under date of Jan. 1, Prof. A. B. 
Call, of Townsend, Vt., writes: ‘‘When 


building the fire this morning, I saw. 


the first bird for 1898, a Winter Wren. 
I have identified 94 species the past 
year. and hope to identify more this 
year as I expect to spend my winter va- 
cation among the winter birds on the 
coast of Maine, and my summer vaca- 
tion in Northern and Southern Maine.” 


It has been rumored that “The Nat- 
uvalist’s Publishing Co.,” the ‘Des 
Moines Naturalist’s Supply Bureau,”’ 
the ‘‘American Naturalist’s and Sports- 
man’s Supply Co.,” the ‘‘Rev. Joel P. 
Ashford & Co.,” and that .‘‘Anti-Emby- 
ro,”*‘Dr. L. B. Allie,”all of Des Moines, 
Iowa and into much of an embryonic 
stage of development to be pro erly 
classified—that “Letson Balliet’’ 
- will cover the lot. Is this a case of 
mistaken identity? 


Any name appearing on the OdLo- 
GISTS exchange or advertising pages who 
deals, or has dealt dishonestly or crook- 
edly with any of our patrons, is a prom- 
ising candidate for our slumbering 
‘Black List.” We now have two or 
three parties ‘‘on the string”’—if you 


have any, write the editor of the OdLo- 


Gist, stating full particulars and en- 
closing what evidence you have, this 
we will thoroughly sift, and will freely 
and gratuitously advertise the desery- 
ing ones. 


-making, 


We are now receiving enough A No. 
1 Mss. to make the OoLogist a 50 or 
even 100 paged monthly magazine, 
this however is out of the question 
but we will make it 32 pages each ~ 
month, 24 of reading matter, if each 
of our present subscribers will send in 
asingle new subscription, or by in- 
creasing the subscription price we 
might also enlarge its size. We prefer 
to receive the new subs. and let the 
price remain at 50 cents per year. 
What shall we do about it? . 


That new edition of the ‘“‘OoLoGIsTs 
HanbD-Boox” which we have been talk- 
ing about for the past two years, and 
for which we have nearly four hundred 
(400) advance subscribers, we are pleased 
to state promises, to mat: vialize in the 
near future. One of our Oodlogical as- 
sistants has been for the:past four 
weeks uninterruptedly at work com- 
piling and condensing the MSS. We 
are now in hopes of having the copy 
completed and placed in the hands of 
our printer not later than March 1st. 


Good practical articles on cabinet 
or fully explaining ow, in 
connection with any of the necessities 
of the odlogist and ornithologist— 
such articles should be accompanied 
with drawings if necessary—would 
have a tendency to strike the editor 
favorably, Articles on common every 
day species, occurences, collecting trips. 
etc., possessing only ordinary merit 
and local lists are not solicited and will 
rarely, if ever, be used. 


Oliver Davie, of Columbus, O., in a 
letter of recent date, in speaking of his 
new work—‘‘Methods in the Art of 
Taxidermy,’’says:“‘The book will now be 
gotten up in the following style—blue- 
green silk cloth binding, uncut edges 
and gilt top; each copy will be placed 
ina handsomely decorated, open sided, 
paste-board box. The book will be 
about two inches and a half thick, royal 


THE OOLOGIST. 59 


octavo, with seventy-five plates, I will 
write you more about the book very 
shortly.” We understand that this ele- 
gant volume will soon be ready for de- 
livery and our readers who are fortu- 
nate enough to be enrolled as advance 
subcribers will find that Friend Davie 
returns $ for every 50 cts. they invested. 

—~ Simply another case of ‘‘we told 
you so.” 


Our friend White—Chas. Acey, the 
hustler—of Omaha, took usin hand for 
neglecting to mail his Jan. O6LOGIsST, 
but upon receiving his copy by next 
mail, he dashes off the following: <I 
sent you a Postal Card on the 15 inst. 
Stating that I had not received my 
O6LoGaist yet. I wish to ask pardon for 
being so rude and not waiting longer. 
But you see my old fr.end, Mr. Trostler 
said he had got his and of course I, was 
very eager to get mine, because I think 
the OdSLOGIST is one of the best of its 
kind, and am very anxious to receive it. 
Here is a little poem showing how I 
felt, when the mail man handed it to 
me.— 


Winter has trampled our green Earth 
Beneath her cold feet, 

And drove our songsters south, 
With her sharp winds and sleet. 


It has darkened our blue sky, 
And laid our flowers low; 

It has buried Nature, 
Beneath the downy snow. 


But there is one thing Frank, 
And this is what Ill say; 

It hasn't killed the OdLOGIsT yet, 
So let her “whiz” away.’ 


The Publisher of the OoLoGisr has 
inasingle mail (Jan. 30th,) received 
sufficient mss. to fill every page of read- 
ing matter in this issue. He rarely 
receives less than three or four articles 
each day, sometimes as high as ten and 
at present fully one-hundred during 
the month. Only about ten of this 
number can be used ina single issue 
which are always, in the editor’s esti- 
mation, “a survival of the fittest.” 


If you desire yours to be classified by 
him in this grade it would be well to 
see that they are timely; carefully pre- 
pared; on subjects and species no tfully 
written up in some previous O6LOGIST; 
Articles on the nesting of rare species 
or species of restricted range written 
by collectors who have “been there” 
are most always found available. 


DECEMBER CONTEST. 


Seventy-one Judges. 

Prize winners and credits received 
by each were as follows: 

1. Professional Egging, etc. 334. 

2. A Collection of N.C. Birds Eggs. 
246. 

3. Two Western Birds. 192. 

4. Cerulean Warbler. 187. 

5. The Fascination of Odlogy. ‘120. 

Sixty-seven Judges named the win- 
ning articles—thirteen their exact 
order. 

The Judges prizes were awarded as 
follows:— 

1. No. 10—J. 
Waynesburg, Pa. 

2. No. 22—Harry L. Heaton, Ober- 
lin, Kans. 

3. No. 23—Ned Hollister, Delevan, 
Wis. 

4. No. 24—Gee. W. 
Castle, Ind. 

(Ns. 82—B. S. Bowdish, New 
} _ York City. 

| No. 33--A. B. Blakemore, New 
{ Orleans, La. 

We awarded two 5th prizes, as Judge 
No. 33, although one mail later than 
No. 82, was, taking distance in to con- 
sideration, really entitled to it. 

The lists of the following Judges were 
correct—and to each we mailed a 
“Standard Catalogue.” 

No. 42—C. E. Bryant, Vt. 

No. 483—W. C. Pickens, Ala. 

No. 52—Ed. Wall, California. 

No. 54—C. Houghton, N. Y. 

No. 64—C. A. White, Neb. 

No. 70—Wm. Hawley, N. Y. City. 

Prizes were mailed on Jan. 18th. 


Warren Jacobs, 


Pitman, New 


(oy 


60 THE OOLOGIST. 


Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa specialty. 


Scapuites Nopusus, M. and H. 
Aporrbais biangulata............ Bn Nee RU ALOR ME ae A 8 15 
Actacon attenuata, 2: Rie ey ae 15 
Anisomvon Yattelliformis 20 
Baculites Ovals ee eee 10 to $1.00 
Callista Deweyl ............. RU TUR a Ome nM emE 15 to .25 
Dentaivinny cpacile ey eee ee ss ee ee 315 
TEI rronlavesy, Maou favored a ee 15 
IWOISC) Taig NESE Kaien ees Ce as a ae an A ple a Ua eas 15 


Weraiieibley, Sul orn UATE hes ee te 
Inoceramus convexus 


U6 Crisps 

Lunatia concinna __........... : 
Lucina subundata —............._- Ah Se eae ea ne eID 15 
Margarita Nebrasensis: 2. 23 2 ee. 15 
INAUKOMUIEY CENCE oe tones eee ce ae 15 
SCADMITESHMO GUS US eee een, 10 to $2.00 
IMAGES ARC CO el eet taaeie nt ese ene URS cialaie cre 15 
FRUTEMUSES UNOS OT ses eee ena enemas 1d 
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus. 

POP gah cata NIG Ss aN > ESE LY MOM eo IER oe a 25 to .75 


Rock containing a variety of small fossils 25 to .56 
Tregonucarpus nuts (ossil) size of Hickory 


TUL Ge a RN te Ta ane a a -20 to .25 
HOSSIMICAV. ESTA ete seein maleate ee Cees 15 10) 75 
ENEMIES HOWUEN NS ee seat aes ase 210 to .50 

os OUST Ceres ee deren esey ems 25 to $2.00 
California7Onvx;polishedie eae: 40 to $1.75 
JENS Copy ANRENHEISE OOK es ee Se ee eee 25 to .75 
IHOSSITEET Seco ee tet ics eC eg ye 15. tO .75 


Petrified wood 10 to .50 
Agatized wood 50 
Porcelainite BRN be cele Sant Capes ene, WE orth abate 10 to .25 
Honey-comb lava m0 
Sponge lava, will float in water 0... _. -15 to .50 
Lava. has been melted, and run like molasses 


candy ..? SC ae A i CIN es SSG 15 to .50 
Antelope horns, on BADE Pen of skull. per 

pair. -. $1.50 to $2.00 
Buffalo horns. per Ha Vie ee ee mere a 50 TO $1.50 
Rattles trom) Rattlesmake: s_._..2.s.4..2-.:. 10 to .25 


Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Singapore 
USE ote he eye a cde ual ae) UI See Se -26 to $2.00 
Small mixed shells from West Indes. per pint .50 
Large Assortment of showy American and 
Honriegn Shelisii473. 22 eas. 10 to $5.00 each 


10 per cent discount on cash orders of 
$10.00 or more. 
Send for price lists. 
Homer pany, 


Mingusville, - Montana. 


YOUR JUDGEMENT is wanted. On March 
Ist I shall issue a few supplementary pages to 
the New “Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds”. 
If you pose-s a copy and in your honest opin- 
ion you are convinced that the prices should 
either be changed or added to certain species, I 
shall consider it a personal favor if you will 
give me the benefit of your opinion at.an early 
date, not later than Feb. 15th. Your opinion 
will be most carefully considered and whether 
adopted or not a complimentary set of these 
pages will be mailed you gratis. Faithfully, 

PRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. ; 


BIRDS BGGS 
CURIOS of 


“@, 
§ ELL S 2 o & SS [os Poof 
A A BESTAMP FoR 
Ais Illustrated Calalog.« L-% 
Qi “CHAS. K. REED, SOR 
© 2b2MainSt. WORCESTER MASS." 


CAN PER 
MAKE DAY 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside: everybody 
wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c syamp 
and we will mail you 4 Free Samples and full 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bidg., Phila., Pa. 


Valuable Miscellaneous 
Pamphlets All Sent Prepaid 
on Receipt of Price. 


Ward, Check-List of Flora of D. C. 62 p.....-.., 15e 
Egleston catalogue of Minerals with oun 
Va S30 pp ee eee een ee ae 15¢ 


Meek, Check-List of Cretacenons and Juras- 
sic Fossils, 42. 
Meek, Check-List of Miocene Fossils, 34 p..... 15¢ 
Ridgway.Catalogue of Old World Birds,z0 p.15c 
Henry. Instruction for Collecting Nests and 
Mees, 22 yea es Tae eo ASS oo eee 15¢ 
Elliot. List of described Humming Birds.22p.15¢ 
Smithsonian, Directions for Collecting Pre- 
serving and Transporting Natural His- 


WOVEN Syorernaaveralsy 20) yo, toe 15¢ 
Packard's Direction for Collecting and Pre- 

serving Insects, 56p., 5d 11s.) ee oe 

Hyatts, About Pebbles: 26 joi.) ees ues 10¢ 
BY Commercial and other Sponges, 438 

OHA lis tN eee np emeaet cy Tennant fei) 5 20¢ 

£ Corals and Echinoderms, 82 D-, €0.i11.20e 

Mollusea, 82 p., 55 ills.. £25C 


Worms and Crusta: ea, 63 D.. _ 40 ills.25¢ 
Agassiz’s First Lessons in Natural History 
64 ps, AOU Seine eS ee 20¢ 
Richards’ First Lessons in Minerals, 48 Dhe-zailOe 
Lattin’s Oologists Hand-Book, 1885, 8&6 Dp. 
(contains Ridgw ay’s Nomenclature) ....... 15¢ 
Rau, Aboriginal Trace, 47 p 
Knight. Savage Weapons at Centennial, 90 
PNA Ta Sas oe Ny Acca eee ae -30C 
Wilson, Prehistoric Anthropology (a “Hand- 
Book on Indian Relics for beginners), 75 


Dei O 0: UMS eee ene fy sincera Sete ke NR vee eee 35¢ 
Rau. Articles on Anthropoiogical Subjects, 
ASO SO GINS aie Cece geen aN UO Roe 35¢ 


FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 6f 


RABBIT AND POULTRY 
INC. 


Fae NE OL EOE APPT PEE LEO VL LNRM OAT 


SS SEND FOR FURTHER INFORMATION. 


The McMullen Woven Wire Fence Co., 


118 and 120 N. Market St., Chicago. 


Hl ONLY DIRECTORY onzarts. 


=< afi|i) Guaranteeing 50.000. kur 
= 's j only 10 cents (regular price 
— -8 cents.) your name, if re- 
ae ceived within next 30 


\ days, WUl be BOLDLY 
printed on gummed 
; peer and from Pub- 
ishers, Manufactur- 
\}ers and others, you 
jj will receive hundreds 
4 Ki) probably thousands. 
| a of valuable Books, 
Bilt, Samples, Papers, Maga: 
(= zines, etc. All free and 
"fe each parcel with one of 
Se See your boldly printed ad- 
dresses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We will also 
print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use: which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 
1891. DEAR Sr1RS—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 
lirers, etc. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of 
laail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTGRY CO., 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


- ALL future transactions in Birds Eggs should 
be anu with “Lattin” must be based on the pric- 
es given in the New ‘Standard Catalague.” 


DR. TAFT’S 
Instead of flying to the door gasp- 
ing for breath, seeming asif each 
one would be your last, you have 


only to takea few dases Asthmalene when 


the spas 


PIANOS 


For Over Forty Years 


Bril- 


liant and musical; tone of rare sympa- 


have enjoyed a high reputation. 


thetic quality; beautiful for vocal ac- 
companiment. Durably constructed of 
finest material by most skillful work- 
men. Exceptional in retaining original 
richness and fullness of tone. Require 
tuning less often than any othey piano. 


PRICES MODERATE. 
REASONABLE TERMS. 


SEND FOR CATALOGUE, 
60,000 
MADE AND IN USE. 


Emerson Piano Co., 


174 Tremont Street, 
BOSTON, MASS. 


Branch { 92 Fifth Avenue, New York, 
Stores |218 Wabash Ave., Chicago 


tt BS 


m 


easy and you feel as if an anzel of mercy had unloosed the iron grasp of the fingers 
of death. The happiest moment of your life will be when you have used a few bottles 


Asthma. We mai/to any Asthma sufferer a trial bottle 


of Dr Taft’s ASTHMALENE and it has cured you of = 
Sold by druggists. Dr. Taft Bros. M. Co., Rochester,N.Y : 


Vand proves 
that it does 
Cure Asthma. 


62 THE OOLOGIST. 


New Standard Catalogue 


OF 
North /\merican Purds [eggs 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH: Bendire, J. 
Parker Norris, Esq., and 
Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives tre A. O. 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eges of nearly every species, over one 
hundred of which never appeared on any print 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 
Dealer or Collector. as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given, and 
there is nota Dealer who could furnish over 
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of 
paper and contains 53 pages, size 3144x5% in. 


Price 35 cents per copy, 3 copies for $1.00.° 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion, N. Y. 


CARR'S «NATURAL HISTORY STORE 


Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and 
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento- 
mologests. Botanists and Oologists. Taxid- 
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and 
aquarums. 


40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp. 
Cc. F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 


CAVEATS, 
TRADE MARKS, | 
DESICN PATENTS, 
COPYRIGHTS, ete. 
For information and free Handbook write to 
MUNN & CO., 361 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 
Oldest bureau for securing’ patents in America. 
Hvery patent taken out by us is brought before 
the public by a notice given free of charge in the 


bi ne, d ° {i iy 
Screntitic American 
Largest circulation of any scientific paper in the 
world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelligent 
man should be without it. Weekly, $3.06 a 
year; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & CQ., 
PUBLISHERS, 361 Broadway, New York City. 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees, Manutacturers, ete., 
are daily requesting us to supply tiie addresses 
ot reliable circular distributors, bill posters, 
ete. Brunn’s success is marvelous. and will 
open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to °ne man, woman 
or youth in every town and hamletin the U. 8S. 
and Canada. “The early bird catches the 
worm.’ Wewantafew such ads. as Brunn’s. 
(Sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD 
Fa, RUNN Nails up signs, distributes cireul~ 

ars, papers. Saniples. etc , through~ 
out Blackhawk and ,surrounding counties 
Me ONLY $3.00 per 1000. Address W.H.BRUNN, 
Waterloo, Ia. 

Brunn paid #2. 40 to insert above 4 lines, June. 
°90. He began dur*ng the summer. That ad. 
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con-~ 
constantly busy, emplo:s three men to assist 
him, clearing on their labor from #10 to $15 a 
day distributing circulars at $5.00 per 1000 for 
many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. 
It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone 
to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm 
who employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may 
each send you 1000 at the same time. making~ 
1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which 
you would promptly receive #80. 315 in advance 
and $15 when work is done. Parents make 
your boysap esent. Start them inthis growing 
business. Begin this neat bus ness before 
some one in your county gets the start of you. 
“Come inon the ground floor.’’ Jnst:uctions 
How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each 
distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or 
postage stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad”’. 

AGENTS HERALD, 
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’, Pa. 


400 yarteries or staxps $1.00 
Duplicates can be returned. 
AN UNUSUAL OFFER’ 


Wi) GEES EVAGNISG, 


87 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO. CAL. 
Catalogue for stamp. 


Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest, ee 
strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, a 


most accurate, most compact, and most a 


modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. fa) 
Catalogues mailed free by oa 


The Marlin Fire Arms Co. 


NEw Haven, Conn., U.S. A. 


THE OOLOGIST. 63: 


PORCUPINES. Do you wanta ‘“‘porky”? A 
eurio. from northern Wisconsin. No cabinet is 
complete without one. Can send them in meat 
or skins. Also, Can furnish skulls and skele- 
tons Other Wisconsin Mammals can be ob- 
taiaed on short notice. Write at once to A. 
MOWBRAY SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis. 


EGGS 


From the Orient and Assam (Malahka) cor- 
rectly named at moderate price. 


HERMANN ROLLE. = 
Emdener. St. 4. Berlin, N. W., Germany. 


“Nature’s Serial Story.” 

As told in the monthly ‘‘California Traveller 
and Naturalist,” is interesting and variable. 
All branches of Geography. Natural Science, 
and Observation, our specialty. One year for a 
Silver dime. Samples Free. A speCimen free 
to the 300 new subscribers enclosing a stamp. 
216 South First St., San Jose, Calitornia. J2t. 


Examine the little rose-colored address label 
on the wrapper of the OoLoGist. The number 
following name denotes the time when your sub- 
scription expires or has expired. The figures are 
according to our books Jan 15, 1893 and renewals 
sent since that date have been credited on our 
books, but not on the label. 

56 signifies | your subscription expired June 1890. 


62 Dec oe 
68 Coe et fs ss ane 1891 
74 te be ‘o “a Dec. “cc 
80 a eos ie cig June 1892 
86 oe «6 “ea sé +6 De ec. ce 
92 ee ce af will expir' e June 1593 


98 wt oe ce Dee 

We are desirous of straightening our SHS OnIy. 
tion books at once and trust our subscribers will 
send in their subscriptions for ’93 including all 
arrearages, at their earliest convenience, the 
amounts necessary to accomplish this are as 
foilows: 
“56"—$1.75. ‘*62’’—$1.50. “74"—$1.00 
“80—75cts. *86’’—ad0cts. 

Should you desire to discontinue your subscrip- 
tion to the OoLoGisT your indebtedness to us is 
50 cents less than the above amounts. 


**68"— $1.25. 


HAVE YOU 


RHEUMATISM? 


Or do you know any friend or 
neighbor afflicted with any form of 
Rheumatism; if so send his or her 
address on a Postal Card to the 


PARISH CHEMICAL CO.., 
Parish, 


NEY: 


been conquered 
will prove it to 


Rheumatism has 
by them and they 


you. It will cost but one cent to in- 
vestigate this. Jat. 

A Can coin big money. © Bran new 

plan. Great craze. Just out. 


“Good side line.” Biggest chance 
ever offered agents. salary or com- 
#7 mission. Be quick. Goods on 

credit. Samples, etc.. Free. MUL- 

TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Phila.,Pa. 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia. Pa. 


RARE FOREIGN EGGS. 
2 different. 30c.: 4 “different. 50c.; 8 different. 
$1.00. J. W. HITT, 155 Broadway, Indiana- 
polis, Ind. 


PIMPLES 
On the face, cured. Box by mail 25 and 50 
cts. Consulation free. enclose stamp. 
V. C. DALY, 50 Stewart Ave., Ithaca, N.Y. 


Miscellaneous Pamphlets. 
Only 5c Each! 12 for 50c! 


The Palm and its Varieties, 20 p. 

The Kye and Light, 20 p. 

Net and Box, 22 p.. 

The Solar System. 22 p. ; 

Paras'‘tes and Their Development, 24 p. 

The Diamond, 22 p. 

The Study of Natural History. 8 p. 

The Microscope and some of its Revelations, 

18 

9 came Von Humboldt. 20 p. 

10 Aquariums: How to make and stock, 16 p. 

11 What We Eat. 20 p. 

12 The Har and Sound. 18 p. 

13 Zoological Myths, %6 p. 

14 Ants and their Surroundings. 16 p. 

15 Anecdotes of Animals, 20 p. 

16 Insect Collecting, 16 p. 

17 Niblack’s Instructions for taking 
Molds of Inscriptions. 8 p. 

18 Fernald’s Directlons for Collecting Small 
Moxhs, &c. 4 p- 

19 Thomas, Directions for Mound Explora- 
tion. 4 p. 

20 Baird, Shipping Fresh Fish, &c, for speci- 
mens. 4 p. 

1 Lewis.Instructions for Collecting Land and 
Fresh Water Shells. 8 p. 

2 Rau. Suggestions on Finding Archeological 
specimens. 

93 Rau. Agricultural Flint Implements, 9 p. 

24 Rau, Drilling in Stone, 11 p. 

25 Rau, Gold Ornament in Fla. Mound, 6 p. 

26 Rau, N. A. Stone Implements, 16 p. 

27 Rau. Aboriginal Lapidary, 9p. 

28 Antiquity of Man, 8 p, 

29 Montilius Age of Bronze in Egypt, 25 p. 

30 Murdock, Eskimo Bows. 36 p. 

31 Baker. Ascent of Man. 20 p. 


DIAM woe 


Paper 


. 32 Bean, Collecting and Preserving Fish, 6 p. 


33 Hough.Preserving Museums Specimens, 12p 

34 Hor. naday, Mammal Skins, Are 

35 Lucas, Preparation of Rough Skeletons,8 p. 

36 Smithsonian Publications, 1890, 34 p. 
FRANE H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


JAPANESE CURIOS. 


COIN: Large’ Oblong Temipo.::.._. 22. ---0..----- 15¢ 
ENVELOPES, Pkg of.24 . 15¢ 
LOOFAH or Vegetable Sponge, 15 to 18 inch 
long, unexc- -lled for bath or flesh brush 
WISE) heel et ee ae col Te alent 8 ooeaeasee canted 35¢ 
BOOKS on varied subjects, about 100: pages 


Tal woNGlexal Laie) deta oYeVOn ps8 22 eee ee ee soe Bye 
VEGETABLE TOOTH POWDER, box ...... 10e 
INP RIP TRONS, TOI COVA a aes oe ee eee ceoc ectieceabertecs 10¢ 
SKHEETONS: an uniguertoy, == 10¢ 
CHICKENS. an Easter novelty ...........-.-..--. 10¢ 
FROGS - Large «s genuine croakers .............10e 
THN IEROBIVANS GEIS eee ene re ...10¢ 
ManNV ASD Re) le AINIUBVEGIN, 34 ina 10¢ 
BIRDS ON WHISTLES, Museum Speci- 

TOKEN ONS eka res Peete erat on Eee Nee gemma ace aes aes 10¢e 
TOOTH PICKS. 500 000 straw box .........-....... 10¢ 


any of above sent postpaid upon receipt of 
price, or to close out, tre entire lot for $1.10— 
only about 20 lots in all. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y. 


64 THE OOLOGIST. 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Presented during 1893 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 
THE OOLOGIST. 

Each month during 1893 we shall 
give five prizes. These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s O6LOGIST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ “Key to North American 


EB S25 eae ee Ae a a $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘Manual of North 

American Birds”.......... 7 50 
Chamberlain’s“‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- 

ogy’ 2 aVOIS Ea seed sashes 8 00 
Goss’s ‘‘Birds of Kansas”... . 7 50 
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)‘Amer- - 

ican Ornithology”. .:..-... 7 50 


Maynard’s’‘Birds of EasternNorth 
America” (text complete). 15 00 
Webster’s‘‘International Diction- 


ary?” latest edition. 73:5... 10 00 
Washington Irving’s Works, 10 

ACen ee Oca Ua ER Aa 7 50 
Wm. M. Thackeray's Works, 10 

VOLS uu) oo chen wisp setae 10 00 


Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25 
Jenk’s “ComprehensiveCommen- 
tary of the Holy Bible”, 5 
large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographic Books 


and Publicatilonsi:. nee 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 
ITE CZ OI Aah eS Anan Hr cae 6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 
UG eens ee sere wes @ celts eae 31 50 
A Due-Rill good yor$33.00towards 
a new$45.00AmericanUnion 
(same as New Home) Sew- 
Moo UNMLENGIUNG eS Goes os padee es 33 00 
A Due-Bill good for$12.00towards 
a new $20 double case Odell 
Ely ewer ae ce 12 00 
2nd Prize each month will be a part 
of ‘‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,” each containing an average 
of 8 plates and 3840 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 
worth at publisher's crigtiel price not 
far from $7 50. 
3d Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North Aue eam 
Odlogy” unbound, no plates, original 
price about $3.00. 
4th Prize—Baird’s Review 
can Birds” 


of Ameri- 
originally sold at $2.00. 


5th Prize—Mrs. St John’s 
the Naturalist.” $1.00. 

Each article receiving at least as 
many credits as there are number of 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded a dupli- 
cate of the 5th prize. 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as man) credits as the number of 
Judges and not winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subserip- 
tion to the OOLOGIST. 

All Mss. prizes are seut by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which 
is Shipped at winner’s expense. - 
Ss 

You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
jater than Mch. 10th. Write on back of 
a postal card the five articles which you 
have decided to he the most valuable, 
instructive and interesting in this num- 
ber of O6LOGIST and mail to us. Num- 
ber the articles in the order which you 
think the prizes should be awarded: 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s ‘Birds of 
Hastern North America’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
aud 264 pages, strongly bound in heavy 
manilla covers and at publisher’s orig.- 
nal price are worth at least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book “Small 
Talk about Business.” 

38d A collection of 20 common eggs. 

4th A collection of 16 good minerals. 

oth A 50 cent pkg. of Novelties. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
winning articles in theirexsact orderand 
not winning one of the five special 
prizes we will givea copy of the ‘‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue of North America Birds 
Eggs. ”? 

"To each Judge naming the _ prize- 
winning articles but notin their exact 
order and not winniug one of the five 

special prizes we will give vw copy. of 
that elegant new Columbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 26 cts.). 

All Judges’ ‘prizes are sent by mail 
prepald. 

Address your decision to 

FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion, N. Y. 


“Audubon 


VOLS X.: 


3) 


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\ RARDERD Sg eAen snr” s 


ef 
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28 é 
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7 fle £75 
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+ 


PACA CASA CA CABS Oy } SERBIA BABA LE re, % 
Monthly. : (Y 50c. per Year. <3 
ALBION, N. Y., MAR., 1893. NO. 3 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief «special announcements, ““Wants,’ “Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 5)c per 35 words. ) 
word. No notice inserted for less than 5uc. 


Notices over 85 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strietly First-class specimeus will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
“DEALERS” Can use these columus at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Suoscriptiou) will be accepted tor **Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon, 


WANTE..-—Stamps, U. S. Frac. Currency, 
Old Bank bills. Indian relics in exchange for 
fine Minerals, Shellsand Indian pottery. A.C. 
LUNY, 27 Pleasant St. Beverly, Mass, 


_ WANTED.—Bird skins in large or small lots. 
Rare sets sto exchange for same. WALTER 
. WHBB, Geneva. N. Y. 


SIX CANDLE Electric Lamp. with socket, 
and3oz roll white adhesive tape ‘good for 
‘cuts), for cl: mbers, Davie’s Nests and Hg-s,”’ 
oe bestolfer. BERTON GARRETYL, Ballston 
Spa.. N.Y. 


, WANTED.—A Standard work on Taxidermy, 
alse a good Mandolin. Desirable sets of eggs 
to @fier in exchange. WALTER TRUITT, 

Chanute, Kans. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Three hundred and fifty 
(350) odd numbers of Caicago Am. Field and 
Forest and Stream for sets not in my collec- 
tim. ROBERT WARWICK, Fleming, N. Y. 


EGGS for sale cheap, Or will exchange fine 
clutches of Pigeon Hawk. Baldpate, Sharp-tail- 
ed Grouse, Marsh Hawk, Snow Bunting. Long- 
spurs, ete. Seud for price list. EF. DIPPIE, 
324 George St., Toronto, Can. 

A FINE collection of 90 birds eggs in singles, 
will exchange for first-class eggs In sets. Write 
at once. All letters answered. V. H. DEH- 
WEIN, 103 Chambers Ave., Peoria, 111. 


FINE SKINS of O'd Squaw Duck and Serra- 
ted Merganser. for exchange. PHILIP LAUR- 
ENT, 1306 Chestnut St. Philadelphia, Penn. 


FG@R EXCHANGE. -a collection of 276 


Stamps. Many very desi-able. For best offer 
of eggsin sets. C. C. CANTWELL. Sterling, 
Kansas. 


EXCHANGE NOVTICE.—Eiggs, singles, 126, 
SG 72, 74, 622a, (no dati) for 10 eggs. sets with 
data of 721. 25 or 703. BENJAMIN HOAG, 
Stephentown, New York. 


FOR Every 25c. worth of Ist class Bird Eggs 
Sent me I will send 45U assorted Fish hooks. 
oe to CHAS. TUChER, Mt. Adams, Cin., 

hio. 


FOR EXCHANGE —New trays, books on 
Natural History andvd class eggs. Wanted: 
eggs in setszand copies of YOUNG OOLOGIS?.”’ 
H.M. HALL, Riverside, Cal. 


FOR SALE.—A large number of complete 
les of Ornithological 1 wazines for sale cheap. 
WALTER F. WEBB, Geneva, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE —Cal. birds eggs for sey- 
‘eral 20 ohms telegraph instruments: state con- 
dition, etc. OTTO J. ZAHN, 427 S. Hope St., 
Los Angeles, Cal. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A collection of over two 
‘Jaundred varieties of first-class bird skins. Send 
Berdist J. Il. CHEVILLON, Richmond, Ill. 


FINE SETS of A. O. U. Nos.. 75. 79, 311, 320a. 
896, 410, 420a, 496, 505, 586. 602, 707. 755 and others 
to exchange forsame. Lists exchanged. F. L. 
BURNS, Berwyn, Penn. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Ist Vol. ‘Birds of Eastern 
North America” and A B C of Carp Culture” 
for first-class eggs. minerals or corals. ELLIS 
HADLEY, Dayton, Oregon. 


WANT to exchange Insects; esnecially Cole- 
optera. (No Lepidoptera.) J.O. SNYDER, ad- 
dress until June. Leland Standford. Jr. Uni- 
versity. Palo Alto, Calif. Permanent address, 
Waterloo, Ind. 


WHAT HAVE YOU to exchange for 185 dif- 
ferent first-class eggs, $15 worth: 500 tobacco 
tags. and $10 worth of rare minerals and rocks 
with data. JOHN J. KINGSLEY, 10 Elm St., 
Rutland, Vt. 


IOWA Collectors. I have Minerals. Fossils, 
land and fresh water shells. Birds eggs and 
skins toexchange for same or scientific books. 
THOS. S. HILL. Knoxville. Iowa. 


WANTED. During the spring months. 
Owls, Hawks, and water birds in the flesh and 
as fresh skiny. Ali kinds t+ken. Will pay 
cash. Address E: W. MARTIN, Taxidermist. 
Buchtel College. Akron, O. Mest 


6 JHE OOLOGISY. 


WANTED:—Everyone to seni stamp for 
price list of stuffed birds. Sample of work 


postpaid 40e. “Finest of work guarunted. D. 


MEIXSELL, Pekin. 111. 


EXCHANGE.—War tokens, curios, etc., for 
old U.S. copper coins, Indian relics, ete. Also 


One $12 B flat Cornet for best offer in Indian rel- | 


ics and curios® 
Plainfield. Wis. 
_@ 


WANTED.—Fop«ins & Allens 16 gauge sin- 
gle bol..go5432 cul. ddle. rctioa revolver. - Will 
give cash or skins. eggs in sets, Mounted bird , 


Alt answered. M.M. SMART, 


etc. B.S. BOWDISH. 109 W. 103d St. New 


WO, INo Ye 


WANTED. —To exchange first-class e«gs and 
insects especially beetles. with Southern and 
Western collectors the coming season. Heetles 
mountel or unmounted. determined or unde- 
termined. D. B. YOUNG. N2wport. N. Y. 


WANTED.—Books on Ornithology.  War- 
ren’s Birds of Penn:. Ridgeway’s Manual. etc.. 
at once. p p 
desired. W. FE. WEBB. Geneva. N Y 


500 ‘rs'-claSs eggs t» exchange. Send 
your exchange list and I will send mine in re- 
turn. W. Kh. HEDLEY, 505 Howard Ave., But- 
falo, N. Y. 


NOTICH.—Fine birch bark canoe, 10 ft. long. 
Made by Indians on north shore of Lake Hu- 
rou. Will sell or tride for double barrelled gun. 
All,an ‘werel. WHSLEY WRIGHT. 105 North 
Fllerton Ave , Montclair. N. J. 


NOTICK. - For every guaranteed live, energet- 
ic Bird Hgg Collector’s name sent me, I will 
give a Foreign Postage Stamp. In case of 
several names will send no duplicates. No 
TRASH. A Noddy for every 35 Southern Co}lec- 
tor’snames. Write for weekly slips, they will 
surprise you.Address LAMAYETTE G. DURR, 
1718 West End Ave., Nashville, Tenn. 


TO EXCdAAN 3H —Antozrapis of Ex-Presi- 
dents, Statesmen and others. for Indian relics 
and curi’sities. FY. Hh. STHARNS, Box 67, Er- 
mine, Pa. 


A No. 6 Johnson 14 K. Gold pen and Holder. 
which are worth Four Dollars. - Will sell or 
exchange for best offer. JHSSH C. A. MERK- 
ER, 66 Hough Ave.. Bridgeport, Conn 


WE WILL ex hange mounte! spec mens of 
any kind for desirable uniounted ones’ Full 
prrticulars for stamp. GILBERT BRO’S CoO., 
Taxidermists, 412 No. 16th St.. Omaha, Neb. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Nice cabinet specimens of 
(Catlinite) sacrei Pipestone postpaid 50 cts. 
In quantities exchange rate 15c. per lb. Want- 
ed sea Shells, corals. fossils, arrow and spear 
heads, polished agates, Eggs and Skins. A. D. 
BROWN, Box 176. Pipestone. Minn. 


TO EXUHANGE.—A “Library of Natural 
History,’ 400 Engravings and 5&0 pages, for 
Books or pipers on Ornithology. Wood’s Na- 
tural History specially desired. KH. W. MERG- 
LER. 136 Mulberry St.. Buffalo, N. Y. 


DEAR SIR:—I enclose herewith “copy” tor 


an exchange notice which I would like 10 have - 


inserted in next issue of the OOLOGIsT. TIen- 
close herewith in payment for same %0c. in 
stamps. I find thatan exchange or want no- 
tice in your magazine always brings more _re- 
plies than from any paper I’ve ever tried. 
Very truly, THAD. SURBEHER, Wh te Sulphur 
Springs, W. Va. 


Will give good exchange in anything . 


FOR SALE —To the highest cash bidder, 
nine fonts of type; some almost new. Also col-~ 
lection of ininerals; some rare specimens.. For 
particulars apply to. kh. T. YOUNG, Chestnut, 
Hill, Phila., Pa. 


ON SALE.—The whole remainder of the 
choice collection ot Mr. F. I’. Jencks, late, 
Southwick and Jeucks, at lowest prices ever 
quoted. Alsomy duplicates. ‘These are most~ 
ly fine specimens. selected from a large stock. 
Send stamp for list, P. Bb. PHABODY, Owat- 
onna, Minn. 


WANTED.—For Choice Eggs and Skins; sets: 
(with nests preferred) of 1, 12. 141, 148, 164, 184. 
186,193. 203, Zila. 248, 277, 277a, 289a, 292a, 293) 
295, 800C, £07, SUtb. 310a, 282. 362. 868a, 3878a. 375A, 
377, [353], 887a, 398c. 40%a, 408. 414, 416, 484, 445, 
459, 03, 474, 474@, 478. 40, 482, 4&6, 490, 494a. FOla, 
d80b. Hi6a. 561, 562. Hida, 567a, 58la. 58lb. 58Ic,, 
683, 590, 597, 62%. 629. 636. €55, 657, 667, 675, 715... 
T17a, Wea. 726, 727a, 728. TPbb. 38. 742. 748. la. 
Send Lists. Procurables. Desiderata. P. B., 
PHABODY. Owatonna. Minn ¥ 


NAPHALINE CAMPHOR MARBLES. A 
large box of j0marbl.s The neatest and hand- 
jest article ever made. to lay around in Speci- 
men Trays, Cases and C.binets. Said to be a 
sure preveutitive against Moths and Insects, 
Price prepaid only 15 cts. FRANK H, LATS. 
TIN, Albion. N. Y. 


FORKIGN STAMPS and PUBLICATIONS. 
Special price: to close out. 50 var. 6¢.; 100 var. 
106. ; 5U0 mixed 16c¢.; 1000 mixed 
30c.; 100 finely mined ~Oc.: HOU finely mined $0e. 
Philatelists aloums. boards and cloth, ¢6 pages, 
2000 spaces. illustrated 24c.; Poy ular album, for 
beginners. linen boards, 1zU0 spaces. (0 pages— 
illust ated luc. Merchants Flags of the World. 
per set 20c Portraits of Rulers per set 35c. 
Co its of arms of the World per set, 35c. Stand-~ 
ard Color Caart, per copy. 40c. Scott's Catalog- 
ue (52d edition) ov-r 850 pages. fully illustrated 
soc. Gumimed Hinges, per 1000. tc. Blank ap- 
proval sheets, ruled 50 spaces. lien paper, per 
10, 8c. Approval sheets each containing 0 
var. stamps. &c. vd hand International 
album (6th ed.) with set of Hamburg Locals, 
69sec. International album ( th edition) 2d hand 
65e. All prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al. 
bion. N. Y. i 


COLLECTORS ATTENTION !—Collectors, 
having duplicates of Eggs to dispose of 


should comlununicate with me. Hggs. 
bought by the 50’s and _ 100s. Noddy, 


complete data, given for every set Anna’s Hum~ 
mingbird o-2, Noddy and Sooty Tern complete, 
data for cach set Black-chinned Hummer n-2. 
Address LAFAYETTE G. DURR, 1716 West, 
End Ave., Nashville, Teun. 


_BR‘SS BLOWPIPES. We have just res 
ceived anew lot of blowers and offer them at. 
following prices wiilremove tip for blowing: 
large eggs. if you. wish without extra charge. 
Priceseach: Zin. long 15 cts. 8in. 20c.. 10in. 
25c, ldin bc. .FRANIS: H. LATTILN, Albion, N. 
ays: 


“HEET PEAT,—An important article used 
largely by “Bug Hunters’ as a substite for 
cork. Size 4x12x% in. sample sheet tc.. 12 for 
fie, prepaid. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, 
IN Ye ¥ 


FRENCH MOSS.—We have just received a, 
new lot from Germany. Dyed bright green in 
pricks” 4x4x6 in. All Taxidermists use it and, 
pay 25 per Cent more than we charge. Sample 
package prepaid only 15 cts., 1 doz. prepaid 
$1.50. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 67 


WANTS ani FOR SALES.—Shall need dur- 
ing the coming season the following ezgs, full 
sets: Loon, Black Guillemot, Murre, Auk, Cas- 
pian, Royal and Cabot’s Terns, Skimmers, Yel- 
low-nosed and Sooty Albatrosses, Flamingo, 
Spoonbill, Whooping and Sandhill Cranes,Tur- 
key and Black Vultures, Sharp-shinned Hawk, 
Golden Eagle, Sparrow Hawk, Caracara, Os- 
prey. Horned Owl, Chuck-wills-widow, Whip- 
poor-will, Parauque. Ruby and Annu’s Hum- 
mers. Crested Flycatcher, Wood Pewee, Great- 
tailed Grackle, Boat-tailed Grackle, Phainope- 
pla, Maryland Yellow-throat, Cactus Wren, 
Brown-headed Nuthatch, Wren Tit, and Verd- 
in. Some of above wanted in large quantities; 
will exchange for Same a fine list of American 
sets, also a full list of desir.ble and very showy 
foreign sets, as: Griffon and HMgyptian Vul- 
tures, Duck Hawk, Rough footed. linperial and 
Oriental Kagles, Black Kite, Kuropean Kite. 
Golden crowned Kinglet, Ruby-crowned King- 
let, Great T.tmouse, Garden, Orphean. Wood, 
Baird, Melodias. Black-capped, Willow, Rufous, 
Reed, Mavsh. &c. Warblers, Capercaille. Quail. 
Great and Little Bustards, Temmink’s Stint 
Piper. Cinereus Crane, Numidian Cran». Black- 
throated Diver. Large-billed Puttin and a great 
variety of others. Will also purchase for cash 
if price meets My approval and specimens are 
good. sets of Loon, any of the Albatrosses, 
Whooping Crane, Sandhill Crane, Sharp-shin- 
ned, Hawk, Golden Eagle, Chuck-wills-widow, 
Whip-poor-will. Parauque, White-tailed Kite; 
also back Rumbers ofthe Auk and OandO. By 
the middle of Apr 1I will send a very large or- 
der to Hirope.and any one desiring some fine 
European eges at bottom pr ces I will be pleas- 
ed to give them the benefit of the very cheap 
rating that I have secured. Following is a 
sample of the prices per egg, all in first-class 
authentic cl tehes or singles; Greenland Gyr- 
faleon 4.00. Whits Gyrfalcon 3.25. Gyrtalcon 
3.25, Duck Hawk 1.00, Merlin .25, Gray sea Kag- 
le 1.00, European Buzzard .18, Goshawk_ .380, 
Rough-legged Hawk .¥5. Tengm+lms or Rich- 
ardson’s Owl 1.00, Short-eared Owl 25. Lapp 
Owl 2.25. Creeper .10, Siberian Tit .:0. Golden- 
crowned Kinglet .25, Ruby-crowned Kinglet .25, 
Bohemian Waxwing 1.10, Nutcracker 3.50, 
Raven .50, Wheatear .05,Red-winged Thrush. 15, 
Red-spotted Bluethroat .30, Dipper .25. White 
Wagtail .05. Meadow Pipit .06, Red throated 
Pipit .60 Skylark .05, Snowflake .25, Lapland 
Longspur .30, Holboell’s Redpole .50, Parrot 
Crossbill 1.50, Common Crossbill 1.00, Rock Pt- 
armigan .25. Willow Ptarmigan .0. Black 
Grouse .25. Pheasant .12, Golden Plover. .20, 
Ring Plover .08. L ttle Ring Plover .15, Turn- 
stone .80. Oyster-catcher .12. Stilt .25, Avocet.20, 
Dunlin .15, Green-Shank 1.50, Green Sandpiper 
125. Huropein Woodcock 1.00. Broad-billed 
Sandpip-r 1 00. Black-tailed Godwit .18, Whim- 
brel .15, Glossy Ibis .25. Roseate Spoonbill 40. 
Spotted Crake .15, Whistling Swan 1.00. Mal- 
lard .10, Pintail .15, Gadwall .30. Widgeon -10, 
Shoveller .20. Rufons Crested Duck .50, Scaup 
Duck .25, Golden Fye .25. Barrow’s Golden Eye 
2%, Harlequin Duck .40. Velvet Scoter .30. 
Goosander .2%5. Red-breasted Merganser .12, 
White-winged Black Tern . 5. J.ittle Gull .75. 
Glaucous Gull .35, Fulmar .25, Stormy Petrel 
30. Red-throated Diver 30. Black-thro ited 
Diver .60. Large-billed Puffin .25. Price in- 
cludes delivery to your address. I have a list 
of over 500 species to choose from. Collectors 
desiring +ny of the above please Communicate 
with m2aronce. C. W. CRANDALL, Wooa- 
side, Queens Co .N. Y. < 


WANTED —Marsh Hawk 1-6, first-class data 
complete identity guaranteed. Will give Flori- 
da Cormorant 14 and Mew-Gull, 1-1, full data 
first-class. EF. A. PAT'ON, Drawer 35, Hamil- 
ton, Canada, 


OFFER—For the next sixty days, I will serd 
$1.50 worth of minerals, tossils, Shells, arrow- 
Leads and curios tor $1.00 Cas. $1.25 worth tor 
every $1.00 worth Oo: good arrow-heads sent me, 
GEvu. W. DIXON, Water.cown, Box 331, 8. D. 


FOR SALE—A 16B guage single barrel breech 
loading shot gun and outiit in good condition, 
Whatamt oiered? For particulars, address 
L. N, ROssIVER, Lake Forest, Llls. 


FOR SALH—A live Golden Hagle in good 
health. Will sell Cheap. For further parcicu- 
lars, address R. M. HOWE, Bloomington, Ind. 


FOR EXCHANGE—Volumes 63, 64. 65 of 
“Youth’s Compauion” and volume 8 OOLOGIS?, 
also humerous other oological papers, for eggs, 
in Sets. Rare or Common. WALTON MI'l- 
CHE LL, 53+ Summit Ave., st. Paul, Minn. 


TO EXCHANGE—Hggs in sets for, old U_ 8. 
postage stamps, rings, curiosities,relics, books, 
and papers On Oruitaology and 801 gy. send 
lists With values and receive ours. UC. & W. 
STARK, Butfalo. N. Y. 


FOR SALH OR EXCHANGE—H ine large 
fruit plants, (true to name), tor goou cetective 
Gamera, 4x 5, field glass, new climbeis (Lattin) 
first-class eggs notin  coliection. i.xchange 
Lists. TOM '‘VULLOCH, wouktora, 
Ills. 


BICYCLE for good books on Ornithology, 60. 
brass shot-guu shells, i2 gage microscope. sad- 
dle, Wood’s Natural History. Stamps tor eggs, 
skins, Taxidermist tools. W. A. JOHNSON, 
123 W. Brooks st. , Galesburg, Ill. 


PLEASE sfOP MY EXCHANGE NOTICE 
AT ONCE. Youcan talk about your papers, 
but I never saw any that could hold a candle to 
the OOLOGIST. Ihave exchanged $00.00 worth 
of stamps just by putting in that little Ex. no- 
tice. CuAS. ACH Y WHITE, Omaha, Neb. 


ERRATA !—Will you please correct a mis- 
take which was made in my notice in OOLOGIST 
in your next issue? The last No. should have 
been 758 and not 78a. Through my notice in 
the March, ’92. OoLoGist, Z received nearly for~ 
ty replies, and exchanged over $i00worth of spec- 
imens. WALTON MITCHELL, 534 Summit 
Ave., St. Paul, Mo. 


Box 1620, 


NOTICE—Every person sending me 50¢ will 
receive by return mail an adult male and 1e~ 
male skin of Butt-bellied Hummingbird. Send 
for cheap price list of skins. J. CLAIKE- 
WOOD, 104 Abbott St.. Detroit, Mich. 


WANTED - A first-class side-blown egg of 
Dusky Horned Owl. Will pay cash for same. 
is. B. SCHARAGEH, Pontiac. Mich. 


WANTED-—Standard Color Chart and “Dav~ 
ie’s Key.” Can give stam, 8, eggs, urlGw-aeads 
and collectors papers. SAMUHL H. KOvBE, 
Belleville Wayne, Co , Michigan. 


WANTED—Wyandotte chickens in exchange 
for bird eggs, skins, mounted birds, or part 
cash. Iwill also exchange eggs and skins jor 
same, first-class only. JESS VT. CRAVEN, 
Box 71, Hulberton, Urleaus Co., N. Y. 


WIN COLLECTING CAN.—s#x4 in. with bale 
and cover, easily carried in the pocket. Filled 
with cotton you will tind it almost inaispeusible 
in lowering specimens {rum tall trees. Sam-~ 
ple prepaiu only 12 cts. Larger size 4i4x4 in. 


la cts. A vuft. drab hne on winder to use with 
either, $ cts. ERANK H. LAYTIN, Albicn, 
ING Yo 2 


68 THE OOLOGIST. 


New Standard Catalogue 
OF 


North American Pyirds eggs 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN,’ 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendire, J. 
Parker Norris, Esq., and 
Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives tre A. O. 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species, over one 

hundred of whfch never appeared on any print 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 
Dealer or Collector. as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given. and 
there isnot a Dealer who could furnish over 
trom 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of 
paper and contains 53 pages, size 34x54 in. 

Price 35 cents per copy, 3 copies for $1.00. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion, N.Y: 


FLORAL GUIDE 
For 1893, just issued, contains 
Colored Plates of Alpine As- 
ter, Begonia, Dahlias, Can- 
nas, Clematis, Dutchman’s 
Pipe, Pansies, Corn and Po- 
tatoes. Descriptions and pri- 
ces of the very best Flowers 
and Vegetables, and many 
Novelties. Try Charmer Pea 


and Golden Nugget Corn, 
they pleased everybody last 


year. Hundreds of beautiful 
and appropriate quotations 
from the best authors makes 

it The Poets’ Number, Ev- 
ery lover of a good garden 
should send ro cts. for Guide, 
which can be deducted from <} 
first order,—costs nothing. 


James Vick’s Sons, 
Rochester, N. VY. 


Bran new 


Ay Can coin big money. 
f plan. Great craze. Just 
h) (Goo l side line.” Biggest chance 
4} ever offered agents. salary or com- 
7 mission. Be quick. Goods on 
credit. Samples, etc.. Free. MUL- 
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust,Phila..Pa. 


Dep irtinent No. 171, Philadelphia. Pa. 


out. © 


60,000 Sold. 


THESE Instruments have enjoyed 
a high reputation for more than 
forty years. Chey are Brilliant and 
Musical in tone, and atford a most 
beautiful accompanimeat to vocal 
Music—the tone having that rare 
sympathetic quaiity which blends ad- 
wirably with the human voice. 

They are Durable. being construet- 
ed of the Best Materials, by the Most 
Skillful Workmen. hey have earned 
vu especial reputation for Keeping 
in Tune, and also for retaining in a 
most remarkable degree their orig- 
inal fullness of tone—never growing 
thin or wiry with age. The Com- 
pany, through their agents, have re- 
ceived several First Premiums during 
the past few years, and their instru- 
ments have invariably taken high 
rank wherever exhibited. 


PRICES MODERATE. 
TERMS EASY. 


SEND FOR CATALOGUE, 


Emerson Piano Co., 
174 Tremont Street, 
BOSTON, MASS. 
ee, 92 Fifth Avenue, New York, 


Stores (218 Wabash Ave., Chicago 


“Our Annual Offer” 


Of BIRDS EGGS AND.SKINS at low 
rates as made on pages 37th and 388th 
of Feb. OoLoeisr will be extended to 
April 15th at which date it will posttive- 
ly be withdrawn. 

FRANK F, LATTIN. 
Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 69 


Fossils,Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa Specialty. 


> 
» \\ 
. te 


ScaruHites Nopusus, M. and H. 


Aporrhais biangulata.................. a 
Actaconitattenuata ese. ee 
Anisomyon Yatielliforenis 


PB ACUMTECIOM ANUS eeeeneay ese ee UES 10 10 $1.00 
Wallistan eww Cyl sates Nes es eee 15 to .25 
MENGaliinMmeenracile ls et. keee eeeee  e nil} 
Fiaimeaialn Ons sen ee eee ee 15 
Volsella Meeki = 
Veniella subtumida 

INOCELAMUSICOMVERUS pte ee 2 

rs (Cinisjotl ek 


Lunatia concinna ...... 
Lueina subundata..... 
Margarita Nebrasensis 
Nueula caneellata 
Scaphites nodusus ae 
IMamGeSTaNCUMe a tase els een es 
Turnus Stimpsoni .... 
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus_ 
he eS RE SAP eee PEE Se ee eee oe ee 2) tO .¢5 

tock containing a variety of sinall fossils 25 to 50 

Tregonucarpus nuts (1ossil) size of Hickorv 


(AUD RR ee sk EE ec ee PRO ey eye -20 to .25 
HIOZSIIBICEVE Siete mente telco ee es 15 tO .75 
Sgates, RUN ee Aves Lae 10 to .50 

: [OXON )INEXO Ute ae ge ate nae age ea 25 to $2.00 
California Onvx: polished......... 2. ........:: 40 to $1.75 
Petoskey Agates, ~ EUS de Be 25 tO .15 
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Petrined woods. se See Ry nO i 10 tO .50 
INO AZ CanviO Oem ment eae une uley aeal 10 tO .50 
MZ ORC CIEUINTINGE -seueyeee hal ene apy tok se i OM GOM2 5 
LEIOIMGSVACOUTON DD Ey ete ee 10 to .25 
Sponge lava, will floatin water_-..... __.. -15 tO .50 
Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses 

Gain Givrereetey este then te pe eee Ube ts 15 to .50 
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[OPHU tet th WO I A ee eee $1.50 to $2.00 
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Corals trom Bahamas, Florida and St: gapore 

AG eee ag tA MS as Nl ee 25 to $2.00 


Small mixed shells from West Indes. per pint .50 
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‘at 


70 THE OOLOGIST. 


B | R D Nesting in North-west Canada.3o 
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Dear Raine: —Received Bird-Nesting in North 
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SING SING, N. Y. 
Dear Sir: Ihave read your book, and I am 
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next spring to the North. 
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Sr. JOHN. NEW BRUNSWICK. 
Dear Sir: -I have just finished reading your 
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Dear Sir:—I received your book O. K., and 
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Dear Sir:—Bird-Nesting in North-West Cana- 
da was duly received, and I am very much 
pleased with it. The plates of Birds Eggs are 
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for two more copies for my friends. 


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for the paper copy returned. I am more than 
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PONTIAC. MICHIGAN. 
Dear Sir:—I am very much pleased with the 
book. The plates of birds Eggs, and also those 
of Birds and their Nests are exceilent, and the 
descriptions alone are worth double tke price. 
of the book. EH. B. SCHRAGH. 


PLYMOUTH, MICHIGAN. 
Dear Sir:—Bird Nesting in N. W. C. received. 
I am very much pleased with its contents and 
its fine illustrations. Itshould be in the hands 
of every Oologist, as it gives so fine a descrip- 
tion of the nesting grounds of SO many of our 
migratory land and. Water birds. 
Yours Fraternally. 
JAMES B. PURDY. 


NORWALK, CONN. 
Dear Sir:—-Your book “bird Nesting in 
North-West Canada’ received in good order, 
and I have almost read it through... I think it 
the most interesting book on Oology that I 
have ever read. Lammorethan pleased with 
it, et. D. W. RAYMOND. 


DURHAM, ENGLAND. 
Dear Sir:—The perusal of your book has giv- 
en me great pleasvre. Though I am what 
might be termed an ornithological veteran in the 
fieiu, having used the gun asa sportsman and 
collector over 60 years, I often felt ready to join 
you in the many rambles “here n you were so 
successfully rewarded, and you can imagine 
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dy picture, etc. JAMES SUTTON. 


yes>Books mailed on same day of receiving the order. 


W. RAINE, Bleeker St., Toronto Canada, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., MAR., 1893. 


NO. 3 


Chat and Cliff Swallow. 


‘The thrifty backwoods housewife, 
when she hasafew apples and a few 
eurrants, eontrives to makea pie by 
combining the two. Readers, wil! you 
have a slice of Chat-Swallow pie. 


A late writer in the ‘‘O,”’ states: that 


although the Yellow-breasted Chat is 
very abundant in her locality, she has 
never yet discovered the nest. I don’t 
wonder. For two years I searched 
faithfully the dense copses along the 
Neosho River in Eastern Kansas for 
mests of the noisy and ubiquitous Chat. 
The second year, I found two. The 
first Was in dense bash close against 
a leavy osage hedge; and about three 
feet up. Contents: three newly fledged 
young and one handsomely spotted egg. 
The nest was found by accident, purely. 

‘Nest number two was seated in the 
‘Sparse top of a scrawny bush,six feet up 
the bush staniling quite alone in an open 
woodland beside the river. . 

Father Chat was guarding the nest 
and its- contents,—a swarm of ants,— 
with jealous wrath. Hence the discoy- 
ery. This location was a Very unusual 
one. 

In 1891, [ found many Con- 
vwerning these, I will let my Field Book 
tell its rambling story. 

I—May 29, Nest, of sticks and leaves, 

lined with rootlets. In dense copse 


nests. 


near water, a low bush.- One egg, 
and three Cowbird: egys. Inecuba- 


tion advanced. | 

Ii—June 1, Nest, among black-berry 
vines in orchard, one foot up, of 
stems and grasses, Jined with fine 
grasses. Four eggs, and one of 
Cowbird. Fresh. 

4I[—June 1, test, in dense osage 


hedge, border of orchard, three feet 
up asabove. Three eggs and one 
of Cowbird. Fresh. 

1V—June 5, nest. in bush and vine, 
standing alone in clearing, three 


feet up, a fine typical specimen. 
Four eggs and one of Cowbird. 
Iresh 


V—June 12, Nest, three feet up, ina 

hazel copse. Flimsy, of leaves and 
grass. Deserted. Three eggs and 
one of Cowbird. One egg in nest, 
two on ground, one partly eaten, 
and the Cowbird egg also partly de- 
stroyed, on the ground. 

Other ts, found, were deserted. 
Some contained an egg or two, but 
most were empty. These observations 
give the following data: 

The typieal nest of the Yellow-breast- 
ed Chat is large and broadly cupped, 
like a Cardinal’s nest but deeper. Ma- 
terials, externally, coarse stems, leaves, 
paper, sticks; second layer, leaves, flat- 
ly laid. Lining sparse, fine grasses, in 
one instance a little horse-hair. Loea- 
tion, generally about three feet up ina 
vertical crotch or among dense branch- 
lets. Almost invariably well concealed. 
Where available, “‘vine-tangles” seem to 
be preferred to any other location. 

Loeality. the thickest copses to be 
found near wooded streams. Kansas 
nesting Date, first three weeks in June. 
Eggs normally dull crystalline white, 
speckled finely with cinnamon. The 
specks are often assembled about the 
jarge end of the egg. One specimen, 
found on the ground under a deserted 
nest, is rosy tinted,and exquisitely mar- 
bled with cinnamon. 

The Chat is an especial victim of the 
Cowbird. Considering the well-hidden 
location of the nest, is this not strange ? 


nests, 


72 THE OOLOGIST. 


In ease of ‘the nests of the Chat as of 
other birds that are imposed upon by 
the Cowbirds, an egg or two of the 
builder of the nest will almost invaria- 
bly be found on the ground under the 
nest, after the Cowbird has done her 
work. : 

These eggs are generally beak-chipped 
and there seems little doubt that the 
Cowbird not only usurps the nest, but 
sucks the eggs of the birds whom she 
chooses as the foster-parents of her 
young. Though cleverly hidden, the 
Chat’s nest-is not hard to find—after 
you have found one: 

Go into a thicket,—listen; if you hear 
a Chat who seems drunk, and who also 
becomes crazy as you approach his fav- 
orite copse, mark the spot, search well 
the nest is before you. — 

Now for the Swallow portion of our 
“pie”: During my trip to Kansas, last 
June, as my host, the genial ranchman 
and I were galloping across prairie and 
over hill, en reute for the haunts of the 
Missi;sippi Kite, I noticed that troops 
of Cliff Swallows attended us every- 
where, which I wondered at, not having 
noticed any nest upon the barns in the 
litte town which-we had left far behind 
us; and knowing that in all that wild, 
broken region of the gypsum hills, there 
were no barns, worthy the dignity of 
the name. 

But, the canons reached, there came 
a solution. My broncho had just land- 
ed me across a creek, with a few vigor- 
ous buckings of remonstrance, when [ 
chanced to turn and fasten my eyes up- 
on a high bank some eighty or one hun- 
dred feet in altitude, its surface com- 
posed of the prevalent brick clay cf the 
Medicine River region, interspersed 
with thin strata of crystalline gypsum. 

Just a clay bank, but what was the 
matter with it? Warty, honey-comhy 
in patches! ah, there breed the Cliff 
Swallows! 

One little cluster of two hundred nests 
or so near the upper left-hand corner of 


the cliff; another, half way down; a Jar 
ger square one, near the right, and » 
little lower; a little cluster very near 
the surface line one-third of the way up. 
to the left; and a large colony te the 
right of the center of the cliff aud reaeh- 
ing to within six or eight feet of the 
pile of crumbled elay which might be 


-called the bottom of the cliff. 


Jack-knife in hand, I climbed, by 
niches cut over the gypsum strata unhik 
I could barely reach the lower nests. 
How I ever secured’ my four handsome 
sets of eggs will never be told—nor ean 
be. Most of the nests were gourd-shap- 
ed, those that were not being such 3m 
the main, as filled up the interstices. 
All nests were of the red clay, and were 
sparsely lined with grass. Occasional~ 
ly a straw was workedinto the masonry 
and many nests were fastened to the 
under side of plates of gypsum from 
which the clay had dissolved. ‘How- 
many nests?” Icounted seventy-five im 
one corn rv of the larger colony. As 
nearly as I could calculate, there were 
between uwo thousand and three thous- 
and nests, in all. 

All these nests had been built withim 
two weeks, a heavy rain just preceeding 
that time haying cleared the cliff. A 
typical nest, with its gypsum roof and 
astraw or two inwrought now les on 
my mantel. I carried it, cotton swathed 
in my tin collecting box, on my bron- 
clro’s back, seven miles at a keen gallop 
through driving rain, my beast once 
bucking forty rods at a stretch, as my 
slicker flapped her flanks. I was dreneh- 
ed: but the nest was safe Is it not a 
treasure among@ treasures? 

P. B. PEABODNS 


a 


A Hartford, Conn., Collector asks: 
“Why can’t H. H. D., of Phoenix, Amz. 
take a step ladder with him in @ wag~ 
on®” in reply to the ‘““‘Wanted Advice” 
article in January OoLoGIsT. 


THE OOLOGIST. 73 


The Herons of Michigan. 


There are seyen* species of Herons 
known to our state, as follow: Great 
Blue, Ardea herodias; American Egret, 
Ardea egrelia; Snowy, Ardea candidissi- 
ma: Green, Ardea virescens; Black- 
crowned Night Nycticorax nycticorax 
nevius;American BitternBotaurus leng- 
tiginosus, and Least Bittern, Ardettu 
exitlis. 


GREAT BLUE HERON. 

- This is our commonest species and is 
very generally distributed, being found 
throughout nearly the entire length and 
breadth of our state and in both penin- 
sulas. It is not affected by civilization 
to any great extent, although of necess- 
ity a bird of this size shuns too well 
peopled sections. It is not a recluse 
and yet it is often found feeding in 
quarters far removed from the habita- 
tions of man. Where fish are found 
plentiful in lake or stream there the Gt. 
Blue Heron, or Crane, as it is often and 
improperly called, will also be found. 
I have found it breeding in several col- 
onies or heronries as these gatherings 
of nests are called. These nesting sites 
are alwas chosen far from the habita- 
tions of man, as the birds prefer isola- 
tion during the nesting season, though 
often found fishing in the neighborhood 
of thickly settled quarters. After a 
nesting site is selected however, it is ex- 
ceedingly difficult to drive the birds 
from it, and the herons will continue to 
build aud rear their young in the face 
of extreme persecution. It is only af- 
ter Jong and continued suffering that the 
Herous of this species will vacate a 
heronry and seek other quarters. I know 
of two eraneries which have been so de- 
serted, and the bulky nests, gradually 


*some lists embrace two others and even fhree 
Other species have been suggested: Enough 
proof to convince me that the Little Blus, Louisi- 
aua and Yellow-crorvned Night Herons are 
micOlsau birds, has uot yet been adduced. 


Wearing away,remain for many years as 
an evidence of a former Crane village. 

I have visited heronries of this species 
which embraced only thirteen nests in 
five trees, and again have seen as many 
as two hundred nests, new and. old, in 
one group. Itis more e»mmon I imag- 
ine to find these laige villages than the 
simall ones, if the birds are not disturb- 
ed. Information has reached me of 
some immense heronries of a thousand 
nests, but I have never seen one of them 
I have visited villagesin Van Buren St. 
Joseph, barry, and Ottawa counties, 
and at present there is evidence that 
the birds formerly colonized in Kalama- 
Zoo county within a few miles of a pop- 
ulous city. 

The nests, huge, bulky 
are invariably placed in the up- 
per branches of lofty trees, and 
the syeamore, Platanus occidentalis, is 
most often selected, and not rarely an 
entire colony of nests is built in these 
trees. However afew nests are gener- 
ally placed in other trees, and I have 
found rests in huge elms, in ash trees 
and once in a timberoak. The number 
of nests in one tree varies from one to 
sixteen, yet it is unusual to find a sin- 
ele nest or more than ten, while the us- 
ual number in a fair-sized herony is six 
or seven. The average height at which 
they are placed in the sycamore is sev- 
enty feet. The nearest to the ground 
being rather over fifty feet, while the 
highest was quite ninety feet up. 

To secure the eggsis a skillful matter 
not unattended with danger, for the 
great trunks of the sycamore often as- 
cend fifty feet without a limb and are 
nearly as smoothasa board ‘The work 
of climbing out to the nests on the long 
smooth limbs, is not the least part of 
the undertaking. The limbs twenty or 
thirty feet in length, and execedingly 
uncertain footing, even for the most ex- 
pert climber with the sharpest of spurs 
are covered with the limey exerement 
of the birds, which renders them doub- 


structure s, 


74 THE OOLOGIST.. 


ly treacherous, especially on a rainy 
day. 

It was on such a day, the 9th of May 
when K. R. Willhelm and I proceeded 
to lay in a supply of eggs of this species 
wfiter camping out in the woods on the 
banks of the St. Joseph river. ‘Chough 
something of a climber myself for high 
nests in my day, I went onthis excur- 
sion simply as a helper, yet with the 
prospect of taking notes and sharing in 
the eggs. 

It was simply marvelous to see this 
man ascend those smooth boles and go 
out on the long slippery limbs. All 
this too with celerityand without a fail- 
ure to secure all the full sets. In one 
instance he spurred up a smooth syea- 
more, ten feet and seven inches in ecir- 
cumference at three feet from the ground 
made a personal inspection of each of 
the sixteen modern nests, collected ele- 
ven complete sets of eggs, aggregating 
forty-five eggs, which he lowered to me 
in two hand-basketfuls and returned to 
the ground ib one hour and twenty mip- 
utes. In this way he collected nearly 
two hundred eggs out of six trees, all 
of which were sycamores excepting one 
giant elm about eleven feet in cireum- 
ference. Four-eggs seems to be the us- 
ual number, though there were several 
sets of five, and two sets of six. Itisa 
singular fact that the eggs are consider- 
ably smaller than those of the same spe- 
cies found in Florida, while aset of eggs 
from that state embraces but three. 

Many nests visited on May 9th con- 
tained young birds of quite three weeks 
which raised considerable clatter when 
the old Herons hove in sight with food, 
while tully one-fourth the nests were 
either empty or contained one to three 
eggs. The very young birds were fed 
by disgorging, but the larger young 
were fed entire fish, a change according 


to requirements which agrees with the ~ 


habits of the young pelicans which I 
have observed iu Florida. The old 
birds often fish in the night, at least 
when redring young. When camped 
near a large heronry we could hear the 


old ones arriving as late as 10 p. m., 
and the young birds would immediately- 
raise their clatter for food. 

The Great Blue generally arrives from 
the South about the middle of March, 
but is sometimes alittle later, and again 
in advanced seasonsin the early part of 
the month, or late February. It does 
not take its departure till late October, 
and may sometimes be seen in Decem- 
ber. 

It is undoubtedly avery destructive 
Species to our fishing interests, as it 
feeds largely on small fry, and neces~ 
sarily does incalculable damage. It al- 
so feeds on craw fish as I have proved 
by dissection. JI tried to eat the eggs. 
boiled, but found them strong and en- 
tively unpalatable. The Great Blue. 
Heron has an extremely gutteral note, 
but the young ones have a monotonous 
clatter which would make a horse fiddle. 
turn green with envy. 

AMERICAN EGRET 


Also ealled White Heron and 
Greater Egret. I know very little 
compatritively about this species. I do 


not recall having seen it in the months. 
of May and April or in September and 
October. However, it is not uncommon 
occasionally in summer. ‘Twice during 
the month of July I have known it to 
be quite common. Have also seen it 
repeatedly in August. Whether it is a 
straggler to our state from the south 
after the nesting season, or a regular 
nester to the north of us I cannot say. 
It is a beautiful bird, and is indeed a 
grand sight when seen stalking along 
she marshy edge of lake or river, or in- 
tently watching for its prey, its snowy 
coat glistening in the sun’s rays. 
SNOWY HERON; LESSER EGRET. 

Much rarer than the last. It is re~ 
corded by several lists in the state, but 
personally I know nothing of it. It 
probably may be considered an ocea~ 
sional straggler from the south. 

GREEN HERON; 
Also called Shyte-poke and Fly-up- 


THE OOLOGIST. 75 


the-creek. A demure and interesting 
little bird which it is pleasing to watch. 
Arrives about April 15th and remains 
till October. Generally gregarious to 
the extent of two or three pairs, but 
sometimes six or more pairs may be 
found associating; this more often dur- 
ing the breeding season. However sin- 
gle pairs are not rarely found breeding. 

Ihave never found the eggs but I 
have had the colonies of nests shown to 
me. These heronries are never far re- 
moved from water, and are not rarely 
found on the banks of small streams in 
rather retired situations. The birds 
seem to prefer streams to standing wa- 
ter and Ido not know -of an instance 
where the nests were built far from 
river or brook 

The nests are quite bulky structures, 
composed of twigs, and are generally 
built in thick bushy shrubs or small 
trees, and never at any great height. 

I have never seen a nest at a greater 
elevation than fifteen feet, while one 
nest found in a willow, was not above 
four feet up. The eggs are greenish 
blue in color much resembling the eggs 
of the other Herons, and may be fairly 
described as enlarged editions of the 
Cuckoo’s egg, both as to form and col- 
or. 

The Green Heron is very retired and 
as he is usually silent he is not general- 
ly seen. Itisonly by accident, as we 
are trouting, botanizing or more likely 
egging, that we meet with him, and 
then true to his name, he will most al- 
ways fly up the creek. Sometimes they 
make a great hullabuloo and can easily 
eonvinee us that they. are far from be- 
ing a silent bird. The note is gutteral 
and something like the ravens cruchk 
eruck. 

The most grotesque scene I ever wit- 
nessed in birddom was an instance 
where a love-struck, gallant shyte-poke 
was making avowals to his inamorata 
perched on a rail fence along side of a 
pond. It was a comical sight to see 


these long-legged ungainly birds prance 
ing along the top rail, and often seram- 
bling in a most ludicrous manner when 
liable to lose his footing. If they are 
not picturesque in appearance when at- 
tempting tostrut abouton arail or limb 
they make amends for the deficiency 
when wading about the streams. In 
this situation they are at home and pre- 
sent a very pleasing sight as they sol- 
emuly wade about in search of their 
prey. 

BLACK CROWNED NIGHT HERON; QUA 

BIRD. 

Not rarely found in certain parts of 
Michigan, south of 44 degrees, north 
latitude, acccrding to several state au- 
thorities. However I have failed to 
find itin my researches and therefore 
must consider it a locally distributed 
bird, and not of general dispersion like 
the Great Blue. It breeds in colonies 
in our state as it does further east and 
south. 


AMERICAN BITTERN; INDIAN HEN; PLUM 
PUDDEN; THUNDER PUMPER. 

This species is universally known to 
collectors in Michigan and is only sec- 
ond in abundance to the Great Blue. It 
breeds in our marshes and its eggs may 
frequently be found by watching the 
old birds, where their presence was not 
looked for. The nest is always placed 
in a marsh, generally near the edge of 
a lake orpond, the species unlike the 
Green Heron, preferring sluggish water 
courses or swampy. ponds to rapid 
streams. 

The structure is of coarse rushes and . 
sedges and lined with grass, and is 
built up from the usually partially inun- 
dated marsh surface to a height of eight 
inches or more. The four in 
number usually, occasionally five, are 
coffee colored and are radically differ- 
ent from the eggs of all Michigan birds 
with which I have met. 

The nest is built in late April or May 
and the young are found in early June, 


eggs, 


76 THE OOLOGIST. 


Mr. Louis Kellogg found three nests 
containing eggs near Kalamazoo in 
May 1892. 

These nests were not far apart, showing 
conclusively that the species, us with 
other members of its family, is at times 
gregarious. 

The song of the Indian Hen is decid- 
edly peculiar, although it certainly can- 
not be called melodions. However it 
undoubtedly answers the purpose of 
the performer, in charmiug the lady in 
the case, during early courtship, or iu 
cheering her while engaged in the con- 
fining duties ofincubation. Sometimes 
one can hearan irregular gutteral sound 
issuing from the throat of the bird, and 
this is undoubtedly its effort at social 
eonversation, as it, like the call note, 
is common to both sexes. The regula- 
tion vernal ditty is plum pudden uttered 
in a loud resonant key, and which can 
be heard for nearly a mile on a clear, 
quiet morning. These notes, so plainly 
uttered, and from which the bird re- 
eceives one of his characteristic names, 
are repeated from four to eight times, 
generally six or seven. Another sound 
produced by this singular marsh inhab- 
itant, so nearly resembles the noise 


made by pounding with a maul, ka 


whack, that our friend bas added to his 
list of names that of Stake-driver. 

These sounds are issued with appar- 
ent effort, the bird going through gro- 
tesque contortions as an accompani- 
ment, and from the peculiar motions 
this bog-trotter has been ealled Thunder 
Pumper. 

The Bittern does not wade as much 
as the other Herons but stalks along 
the banks like a sentinel. It isa great 
destroyer of fish, but also feeds largely 
on frogs. As the chilly nights of Octo- 
ber come on the Stake-driver seeks 
southern resorts and is rarely seen af- 
ter Noy. 10. 


LEAST BITTERN. 
This silent, retiring little bird is but 
little known to any but enthusiastic col- 


lectors and close observers. It is the 

smallest of the group in Michigan and 

the most handsome in appearance if we 

except the Egrets. ‘The Least Bittern is 

very retiring and unless search is made 

for it in the marshy tracts about the’ 
lakes and pondsits presence wiil never 

be recognized. 

It arrives in April or early May and 
begins nest building oftentimes by the 
middle of the month. ‘he proper time 
to hunt for the full sets ofeggs is about 
June tenth, yet { have secured incubat- 
ed eggs in May. Theaverage nest holds 
five eggs while several nests contained 
six eggs of a pale blue color, and one 
complete set onty held four 

The color is much lighter than inthe 
eggs of any other Heron here and the 
eggs are very nearly, often perfectly, el- 
liptical. 

The nest is sometimes built on a tus- 
sock of grass, the support being furnish- 
ed by the coarse grass which is bent 
down by the birds, but much oftener 
the frail structure is entwined at its 
sides with the uprights of rnshes, the 
stalks of the cat-tail flag, typha being 
frequently selected. The nest is com- 
posed of coarse grass woven together 
in avery shiftless manner. It is nine 
or ten inches across and is nearly flat, 
in fact barely enough of a hollow to se- 
cure the eggs. 

Almost invariably the structure is 


_ partially covered by a flimsily construct 


ed canopy for concealment, and at tim- 
es this makes it rather difficult to find, 
especially if the old bird is not at home. 
When the bird is on the nest it is an 
easy matter to secure her and the;finding 
of the eggs is no trouble at all, as she 
flies away in plain sight generally. Oc- 
casionally an attempt is made to escape 
in the grass, but this is usually clumsily 
done and I have known the bird to be 
eaught in the act. 

So far as I know the Least Bittern is 
silent and has cnot been known to 
utter a sound even when captured. It 


THE OOLOGIST. Re 


is undoubtedly a feeder on small min- 
nows. 

I know. nothiny of the autumual 
movements of this little species, but 
have seen specimens still here in Sep- 
tember. 

SCOLOPAX. 


=a o> 


The Winter Visitors of Central Park, N. Y. 


Central Park is situated in the centre 
of New York City and appears to the 
birds on -their fall migration as an 
oasis does to thirsty men in the desert. 

Here our little feathered friends stop 
on their long trip towards the sunny 
south for a few days recreation and 
pleasure before they again take up their 
.ong and tedious journey. 

Many of our birds after stopping with 
us fora few days find such an abun- 
dance of food and sO many sunny little 
nooks in which to make themsélves 
comfortable upon a cold -morning, that 
they decide to stay with us during the 
long winter months, 


A person while walking in the Park 


upon a cold morning is sure to meet 
with some of these cheerful little visit- 
ors. 

He cannot certainly go very far with- 
out seeing our bright little friend, the 
Chickadee who seems to be ever pres- 
ent uttering his shrill little call, and if 
he takes the trouble to look sharply 
among the branches of the surrounding 
trees he will probably see the White- 
breasted Nuthatch, Brown Creeper or 
Downy Woodpecker diligently search- 
ing for his breakfast. 

Here also are found large flocks of 
White-throated and Fox Sparrows who 
seem to take great delight in scratching 
among the dead leaves. 

Flocks of Cardinal Grosbeak’s are of- 
ten seen flitting :»mong the leafless 
branches, heir searlet plumage show- 
ing to great advantage against the lead- 
en sky. 

If one looks sharply enough along 


frozen water 
anong some pile of stones he will per- 
haps see the little Winter Wren silent- 
ly hunting for his breakfast and looking 


some COUrse, or 


very contented in spite ofthe cold. 

A few Robins, Thrushes, Song Spar- 
rows, English Goldfinches, and 
lonely Mockingbird make the 
their winter home. 

One cold winter morning as I was ob- 
serving my little friends J saw a Thrush 
pluming himself upon a small bush and 
stopped to watch him. 

Thad not been there very long before 
the little fellow darted off and flew ata 
branch of a small red berry tree near by 
knocking the snow off in showers and 
with it a few of the berries, but before 
these dainty little morsels had time to 
bury themselves in the snow the Thrush 
caught them in his bill and quickly dis- 
posed of them. 

Then returning to his perch he went 
on with his morning toilet seeming sat- 
isfied with his frugal breakfast. 

Very often of an evening when the 
thermometer stands at » few degrees 
above zero I wonder how my little 
friends can stand the cold, but the next 
morning as I take my daily walk in the 
Park I tind them as cheerful and con- 
tented as ever. f 

Wintiam Y. HAW ry, 
New York City. 


one 
Park 


Another Day with the Birds of Southern 
California. ; 

One evening early in May last my 
friend came around to see me concern- 
ing a trip down the coast about sixteen 
miles, after Great Blue Herons’ eggs, 
which birds he had been informed had 
arookery in that locality. Although I 
had some misgivings that it was too 
late to find Herons’ eggs, yet it was a 
favorable spot for various of our small- 
er birds to breed, it was decided to 
give ita trial. We coneluded also, to 
drive down the next Saturday eyening 


78 THE OOLOGIST. 


and stay over night, in order to have 
more time to devote to our search. 
Accordingly the latter part of the fol- 
lowing Saturday afternoon found us on 
our road, provided with a corpulent 
lunch basket and a blanket apiece, 
which were stored away under the 
seat. We arrived after a long, dark 
and not over warm drive as near our 
destination as it was possible to 
tuke a team, and with considerable 
trouble succeeded in finding a suitable 
place to camp. After building a small 
fire to warm our feet and selecting as 
smooth acspot as was possible in the 


dark, we rolled ourselves in our blank- 


ets and prepared for sleep: As this 
was our first night of camping out for 
the season, our rest as might be expect- 
ed, was neither profound nor refresh- 
ing; but after waking up and turning 
over a score or so of times to ease the 
salient points of our anatomy, we were 
at length gladdened by the break of 
day. 

AsIlay on my back in a semi-con- 
scious state, trying to get the knots out 
of my shoulders, and dreamily watch- 
ing the sun creeping down the moun- 
tain side opposite, I became suddenly 
aware that a Rufous Hummer was 
greatly excited about something, and 
flying nervously about some blackberry 
vines not six feet from my head. ‘This 
effectually waked me, aud we were 
soon up. I found the nest after a short 
sevrch and it contained. two fresh eggs. 

After swallowing a hasty breakfast 
we started down the canon following 
the stream. The canon was well 
wooded with oaks and sycamores, with 
a variety of underbrush, and as small 
birds were plentiful we were in high 
spirits. After going a few hundred 
yards my attention was attracted to a 
fresh looking Woodpecker’s hole in a 
dead sycamore stub, and scrambling 
through a thick tangle of underbrush 
IT reached it in time to see a California 
Woodpecker leave the hole. With 


considerable exertion the ascent was 
accomplished, and five beautiful, fresh 
eggs secured. Shortly after my friend 
flushed a Red-shafted Flicker from a 
hole in a syeamore stub, and took seven 
perfectly fresh eggs, and not far away 
a set of three of Heermann’s Song Spar- 
row, and three of California Towhee. 

About this time -.we sighted our 
Herons’ nests in some tall sycamores on 
the opposite of the canon. We im- 
mediately started across, taking a set 
of seven of Parkman’s Wren on the 
way. 

Soon after, while passing through a 
patch of blackbe1ry vines I heard a 
rustle at my feet and immediately ecom- 
menced a search, but not being sure of 
the precise spot, although I searched 
diligently, I was obliged to retire van- 
quished. 

When we reached onr rookery we 
found the ground under the trees cover- 
ed with a tangle of pines, nettles, poison 
oak and weeds which almost defied our 
efforts to penetrate. Wesoon saw our 
nests; there were eight of them, and 
all in the tops of the trees. We lost no 
time but each took a tree and started 
up. After an. extremely laborious 
climb, urged on by the tremendous 
noise made by the old birds, we finally 
reached our nests and peered into them, 
Young birds! I cawt say I was exact- 
ly disappointed for I had half expected 
as much, but still it was rather dis- 
heartening; though the sight. of those 
extraordinarily awkward and homely 
squawkers, with their very evident 
astonishment at our sudden appear- 
ance, was enough to highly excite one’s 
sense of the ludicrous. 

From our elevated positions we 
could see into several of the other nests 
and all contained young. In a near- 
by tree, and probably occupying one 
of the old Heron nests, was a family of 
young Red-tail Hawks, and while we 
were looking-about us the old Hawk 
came swooping down with a defiant 


THE OOLOGIST. 79 


scream, and instantly every mother 
Heron set up a deafening racket, and 
leaving their perches began flying wild- 
ly about, nor did they settle down 
again until the old Hawk had left her 
nest. I presume this show of activity 
was for the purpose of intimidation, 
but they must have been continually 
«disturbed as she would return every 
few minutes. After watching the birds 
for a time we descended aud made our 
wey back across the canon. When 
passing near where I thought I had 
flushed the bird on our way to the 
Hercns’ nests I thought I would ‘see if 
she had returned to her nest. So slow- 
ly, and cautiously I approached the 
spot and was fortunate enough to see a 
Spurred Towhee slip silently from her 
nest, and I took four fine eggs. The 
nest was placed in the vines about a 
foot from the ground and was very 
well concealed. 

A little later my companion took a 
set of eight of Parkman’s Wren from 
wu deserted Woodpecker’s hole, and al- 
so found a. nest of young Red-tails. 
Shortly after I took four fresh eggs of 
“the Western Flycatcher, whose nest 
was builtin the opening of a Wood- 
pecker's and. directly over a 
stream of water. The nest was covered 
externally with green moss. 

A fine set of four of California Wood- 
peckers eggs next fell to tlre lot of my 
Our last find for the day 
nest, 


hole, 


companion. 
Was a Goirdnet’s Woodpecrer’s 
Which was in-the op of a rotten cotton- 
wood tree anil about thirty feet from 
the creek bottom. Although we made 
the attempt we found it was clearly 
impossible to make it without a mis- 
hap, and were obliged to leave it un- 
disturbed, mneh to our regret. 

This ended our finds for the day. and 
we soon left for home. Although so 
faras the primary object of our trip 
Was concerned, it was an entire failure, 
vet we felt more than repaid tor our 
trouble. and I shall always remember 
it with pleasure. : 

HAROLD H. DovGe, 
Santa Barbaar, Cal. 


The Loggerhead Shrike of Florida. 


One of the best known birds of the 
Orange Belt or pine hills of Florida is 
the Loggerhead Shrike. On traveling 
along through the tall yellow pines of the 


Shade hills or the dark green and much 


handsomer orange trees, ones attention 
is attracted by the ‘scolding, noisy call 
of this bird in his favorite haunts. 

This bird has various local names 
such as the Butcher Bird, Loggerhead, 
Flat-head and False Mockingbird, all of 
which apply very well to some charac- 
teristic of the bird. I think the name 
of Butcher Bird is most appropriate. 
It derives this name from its habit of 


impaling bugs, insects, lizards and even 


small quadrupeds (such as young rab- 
bits) on thorns of bushes or trees. 

A fact worth noting and one that I 
have never noticed in books on Ornith- 
ology, isthat in all cases of impaling 
their victims containing animal life on 
thorns; they foree the point of the thorn 
through the body just back of the shou!- 
der. 

This bird is very daring, reckless and 
warlike; pouncing on and destroying 
any small (and sometimes quite large) 
bird or insect that may be luckjess 
enough to attract his evil attention. 
They ave great birds for intimidating, 
and also seem to realize when any thing 
is so weakened as to become an easy 
prey. 

For instance; a friend of mine while 
gunning shos and wounded a large Dove 
which is much Jarger than the Shrike 
wn. << -h game bird with us at some 
seasons Of U-- The Dove while 
“skating”? was set upon by a Shrike, 
who started to pick out the eyes of the 
unfortunate dove. The pitiful look of 
the Dove and the audacity of the Shrike 
so moved the hunter that he shot the 
Shrike putting an end to the cruelty. 

But the Loggerhead has some good 
points as well as bad ones. He has 
great powers of imitation and from this 


Sybewes 


80 THE OOLOGIST?. 


he gets the local name of ‘‘False Mock- 
ingbird.’’ I have often heard him singing 
so that one not accustomed to the two 
birds would mistake it for the song of 
the Mockingbird. the main difference 
being that the Loggerhead does not 
sing as loud as the Mockingbird. In 
fact his song isvery low. I have notie- 
ed that the favorite perch of this bird as 
well as that of the Mockingbird is on 
the top of the highest chimney of sone 
house, or the topmost branches of some 
tree. The Shrike, ulthough it has the 
bill of the Falconidae has very small and 
clean cut legs and feet, thus it uses its 
bill only and not its talons in tearing 
its foods contrary to most birds of prey. 

The breeding season starts in May, 
the same bird often raising two broods 
in one season. The nest is a bulky 
structure somewhat larger than that of 
the American Robin, composed of 
grasses, sticks, rags and paper lined 
with feathers, (usually small chicken 
feathers ) I have often found the lining 
of feathers so thick and loose as to al- 
most or quite conceal the eggs from 
view. A favorite material used in the 
construction of the nest in Volusia Co., 
Fla., is the small stalks of the Dog-fen- 
nell. 

I have taken most of my eggs from 
nests built in orange trees, the nest be- 
ing on some branch where the leaves 
were very thick and from six to ten 
feet from the ground. A thorny tree is 
preferred as the male gathers food and 
impales it on thorns near the nest 
while the female is setting, thus the fe- 
male is not long off her nest after the 
full number of eggs have been deposit- 
ed. Ihave also found nests in small 
pine saplings, live oak trees and saw 
one in the top of a very high pine tree. 
A full complement of eggs is from four 
to six; usually six. From one nest how- 
ever I took ten eggs by leaving a nest 
egg. Thenest was in a large bushy 
orange tree and whea found contained 
two eggs. I took out one 


and on 


returning two days. later found two. 
By watching the nest I found that an 
ego was laid ev ry other day, which I 
continued to take until the tenth, when 
the bird refused to lay any more but 
started to set on the one remaining egg, 
I have tried this on other nests but 
never succeeded except inthe above 
ease. Some of the birds whould leave 
the nest on the first eggs being taken, 
others after the taking of the second or 
third. noice 

The Loggerhead is very noisy on the 
approach of persons to its nést and 
often betrays its location by its fear of 
discovery. When you disturb the nest 
the bird will dart savagely at you, and 
afterwards follow you for some distance 
from the nest scolding all the time. 

The eggs are of a dull white or gray 
with pale purple or light brown ir- 
regular sized spots chiefly around the 
larger end. The average size of the 
eges collected by me and now in. my 
cabinet is .§3x.70. 

I. ADE HuLsz, 
Brooklyn, N. Y, 
Formerly of De Land, Florida. 


How to Prepare a Birdskin. 


After the desired specimen is shot, 
carefully fill all shot holes and wounds 
with batting to prevent the blood =flow- 
ing. 


,Vhen, when ready for operations, 


_ place the bird on its back, and by pass- 


ing a narrowstrip of plain paper around 
the body over the wings, take its girth 
so that the natural size may be retain< 
ed after fininshing. Pin the paper in 
this position and slide off over the 
wings. Make the first incisions about 
two-thirds the way down the_breast< 
bone, to the tail, |eing careful not te 
cut any of the abdominal museles. 
Then push, not pull, the skin off the spee- 
imen tothe knee joint, here separate 
leaving the leg attached to the skin, 
and in the same manner operate with 


THE OOLOGIST. 81 


the wings separating at the elbow-joint. 
Having ffnished this, skin over the head 
to the bill, pull out the ears, take out 
the eyes, and atter cleaning well, 
sprinkle thoroughly with a mixture of 
arsenic and alum, 
weight. 

Remoye the brain by making a small 
hole in the back of the, skull, after 
powdering, amputate tle head from the 
body. Asa general thing the heads of 
web-footed birds are too large to be 
skinned in this manner. 

In this case, skin the neck as far as 
possible, amputate and then an incision 
must be made below the throat or at 
the back of the head, which may now 
be readily worked upon. After this, 
proceed as with other birds, sewing up 
the incision earefully, and placing the 
feathers back, in their natural position. 
Powder the skin well, being particular 
to work itin, about the roots of the tail, 
wings and legs. 

When the bird is large a slit should 
be made on the under side of the wing 
below the elbow, so that all muscles 
and fibers may be removed. After stuff- 
ing the wings with batting, previously 

-well powdered, and tying the bones in 
their ordinary position, sew up theslit, 
smoothe and place the feathers, stutf 
theneck, legs and body with cotton and 
sew up the first incision. 

The bird should then be placed in the 
paper with a label attached. which 
should contain the scientific and local 
names Of the bird, its length from tip of 
the tail to the end of the beak, its girth, 
food tound in the stomach. its sex, date 
of procuring, locality and name of 
the collector and any other data he 
might see fit to put in. 

If the feathers have become soiled by 
blood, freely apply warm water to the 
spots, and dry by sprinkling plaster- 
paris or chalk over them. 

Oily spots may be removed by the use 
of a solution of potash or soda, say one- 
half a teaspoonfull to a glass of water, 


equal parts by 


and afterwards washing with pure warm 
water and drying as before. Where the 
feathers to be cleaned are colored, ox or 
sheep gall should be used, diluted 
about one-half with water. , 

If any feathers are bent, they may be 
straightened by holding them in steam 
for a moment or two. 

Since our bird is finished it would not 
be out of place to tell you why we have 
prepared it. A™ earnest student of 
birds and their ways will find it of great 
advantage to procure a good set of bird 
skins; for by them he may readily iden- 
tify birds and their eggs and also learn 
the usefulness or destructiveness of dif- 
ferent birds. 

J. ARTHUR WILLIAMS, 
Galt, Ont. 


oo 


A Trick of the Crow. 


I have heard many stories of the tricks 
and thefts of crows but none I think are 
more extraordinary than the following 
true story. It happened several years 
ago and was like this: 

My brother, then about seven years 
old, was sent witha dollar to pay the 
washwoman. She was not at home so 
he started to return. 

There was a Crow sitting on the low 
roof of the house and as it seemed to be 
watching him he thought he would try 
to catch it. He tapped on the fence 
with the money and the Crow began to 
walk along the edge of the roof and 
finally jamped down to the fence anil 
slowly walked toward him. He wasn’t 
thinking of the money but of catching 
the bird. The Crow approached to 
within perhaps a foot of his hand and 
then suddenly jumped toward him and 
flew up on the house again,—taking 
with him the dollar. It sat. there a 
minute gazing down upon him and then 
sailed away across the fields with the 
shinning coin in his mouth. 

My brother came home crying and 


82 THE OOLOGIST: 


said Reaser’s Crow, (for that was the 
man’s name to whom it belonged,) had 
stolen the money and flown away with 
it So much for the Crow—but now 
comes the funniest part of it, My 
mother thought it was a queer story and, 
when father came home, told him about 
it. The next day he met the owner of 
the Crow and jokingly told him about 
it. It was perhaps a week later when 
the man who owned the Crow stopped 
my father on the street and saying he 
had something for him handed him a 
silver dollar. 

The Crow had earried it two miles 
across the fields to its home and had 
dropped itin a rain: barrel that stood 
near the house. The man found it in 
the morning when he went to wash. 

R. PaAuL HUGHES; 
Lima, Ohio. 


>< <i 


Notes on Cathartes Aura. 


The Turkey Vulture, or Turkey Buz- 
zard, as it is commonly called, is an 
abundant resident here, and seems 
about as numerous at one season as an- 
other 

In this locality I think it has a deeid- 
ed preference for carrion, but in cold 
when food is searee it will 
They will sometimes, 
devour the 


weather, 
eat fresh meat. 
in company with Crows, 
remainiter of a chicken or rabbit killed 
by a Hawk, as soon as the Jatter has 
made his meal and left. 

Wh na large animal dies, a hundred 
amore individuals will collect, di ng 
their time during the day, between eat- 
ing and sitting on the nearest trees and 
fences; and at night roosting in an ad- 
jacent wood. 

When they first find a dead animal 
they will examine it cavefully, and if its 
condition is not satisfactory will leave, 
and return later. After the discovery 
of fresh meat, I think they will some- 
times collect and wait for it to putrefy. 


found in winter that from 


IT once one, 


some cause was unable to fly, and on 
being caught it vomited something that 
looked like wheat or timothy heads and 
clay. (1 was not anxious to examine it 
closely.) I suppose extreme hunger 
was the cause of its having recoursed to 
this unnatural diet. 

When captured in asteel trap, a Buz- 
zard, if approached will never show 
fight, but will stick his head under his 
body or wing and lie as if dead, The 
only voeal sound I have heard them ut- 
ter is a blow, sounding like that> made 
by a sitting Turkey hen when she is dis- 


~ turbed. 


On May 22, 1890, Prof. J. H. Langille 
and I made an excursion to the Patux- 
ent river in search of a Buzzards nest. 
We found it on the ground in a large 
Chestnut stump, on a steep hillside a 
short distanee from the river, where 
there was a little oak timber and a 
dense growth of laurel brush. It con- 
tained two young, apparently about 
four days old, covered with white down, 
but with the fore parts of their heads 
naked and black, aud a bare strip down 
the breast exposing a coal-black skin. 
The old bird would not leave her young, 
suffering herself to be pushed aside 
with a stick . While we were there she 
disgorged something which one of them 
commenced eating. IJ visited the place 
again June 1, and found them consider- 
ably larger, and partly covered witht 
black feathers; On July 22, they were 
still in the nest, and did not Jook as if 
they would leave it for a week or two. 
The pavent bird was not found on the 
nest when these subsequent visils were 
made. Visiting the place on April 19, 
91, I took a set of two eggs, very shght- 
ly incubated. 

On May 20, 91, my usual companion 
on ecolleeting excursions, and IT took a 
set of two eggs from a wooded hillside 
near the banks of the Patuxent, about 
a quarter of a mile below the first nest. 
They had been deposited on the ground 
under an overhanging rock, and were 


THE OOLOGIST. 83 


‘slightly incubated. One of them was 
peculiar in shape, being equally thick at 
both ends. This set was probably Jaid 
by the bird whose nest I had robbed on 
April 19. 

We took another set of two eggs on 
April 17, 92, near the Patuxent, about 
half a mile below nest No.2. They 
were ov the ground in a little cave un- 
‘der a rock, about six feet from its en- 
trance. Incubation seemed to have 
been commenced, but the eggs Were 
‘cold when found. 

IT have alluded to the ‘nest’ of the 
Turkey Vulture, but in every case the 
eggs and the young were found on the 
leaves, rottten wood, etc., that nature 
had provided. Sometimes, but not al- 
ways, a very slight depression had been 
made in the ground. 

HAROLD B. STABLER, 
Sandy Spring, Maryland. 


<<< >_+ —_—. 


The Amarican Bittern. 


Botaurus lentiginosres. 


There is probably no bird so noted 
and famous, and yet, whose habits and 
appearance are so little known to the 
general public, as this uncouth bird 
I have under a_ bell-glass, besides a 
number of the smaller waders, a speci- 
men of the Least Bittern and one of the 
American Bittern. The remarks made 
by those of my visitors net connected 
with our hobby, yet sufficiently inter. 
ested to pay a little attention to birds 
are usually something to this effect. 
“What county did you ect that bird 
from?”?. ‘“* You never got it around 

- here,” “What kind of a crane is that?” 
“Did you get the old one and young 
one together?” and one lady, refering 
to the small waders about, and sup- 
posing probably that long legs implied 
relationship, nearly drove me wild with 
the query “‘And is that old one the 
mother of them all?” and yet among 
those same people there was perhaps 


not one, who could not repeat lines 
from many of the poets, referring to the 
Booming Bittern. 

The Indian Hen, Bog Bull, Bog Trotter, 
Plum Pudden, Thunder Pump, or Stake 
Diver, arrives in Perth County, usually 
during the first week of April, but in 
one or two exceptionally cold seasons, 
IT have not seen an arrival before the 
middle of the month. 

Sobn the mating season begins. Then 
Botaurus is constantly engrossed in en- 
deavours to propitiate his loved one, 
and from this time till well unto the 
period of incubation, his peculiar love 
notes maybe heard, issuing from the 
bog in which he proposed to make his 
home. Let us endeavor to obtain a 
peep at the lover while he sings his 
serenade. In order to accomplish this 
we must be very careful that he does 
not first get a peep at us, for Botaurus 
is to Shy to sing before company. After 
quite a search we discover him stand- 
ing ina Shallow pool. He has been en- 
gaged in the pursuit of fish, frogs and 
other reptiles, which with insects form 
his diet. Suddenly he pulls himself 
together into a bunch, stretches out his 
neck in wayelike motions, and in a 
most methodical and apparently strain- 
ed manner begins his cry, which sounds 
very like the syllables, chwmk-a-lunk- 
chunk, quank-chun'-a-lunk-chunk. We 
langh outright at the performanece—he 
springs into the air with a croak and 
laboriously flies off with his Jegs dang- 
ling down behind. My companion re- 
inarks that it would require very little 
practice to take that bird on the wing 
and we agree unanimously. 

The nest, which is situated in the 
most villianous part of an almost im- 
passible swamp, is composed of. reeds, 
grasses, and afew leaves, and is, from 
its situation, usually damp and soggy. 
The nest is rather large, sometimes as 
much as fourteen inches deep, but usu- 
ally not more than half that depth and 
has a cavity about as large as a saucer, 


84 THE OOLOGIST. 


it is built upon ‘low bushes, or in thick 
tufts of grass, in which latter case the 
weeds and grass are sometimes drawn 
together above the nest almost conceal- 
ing it. 

In this vicinity the eggs are asa rule 
deposited during the third week of 
May, although I find records in my note 
book of a set of three, partly incubated, 
which I took from a bog near here, on 
June 9 1890, and my friend J S. Square 
has a set of four—inecubation fresh, 
which he took June 15th of the same 
year,—and within thirty yards of the 
precise spot where I took mine. This 
seems a Strange occurrence, consider- 
ing the solitary and unsociable habits of 
the bird. They measure 1.90 to 2.00 
long by 1.50 broad,and are usually four 
in number, but sets of 5 are very often, 
and sets of 8 sometimes taken. The 
sets of three, I might add, can usually 
be traced to the hands of a collector, 
who was unfortunate in not having dis- 
covered the nest a day or two later, or 
who had an accident before he got his 
set safely lodged in his cabinet. 

A set also frequently shows great 
differences in incubation, the last de- 
posited blowing fresh, while the first 
will give some trouble in sayiig it. 
The female sets very close, and will 
almost allow herself to be trod’ upon 
before rising. J have one in my col- 
lection which I pulled off the nest with 
my hands, and carried home under ny 
arm It showed considerable pugnacity 
while on the nest, ruffling its fea hers 
like a setting hen, and hissing after the 
manner of a yulgar barnyard goose, 
but unlike them she used her strong 
hard beak so effectively, that I don’t 
care to capture any more Thunder 
Pumps, that are not hors-de-combat. 

F. BAKER. 
Stratford, Ont. 


>——>— >_< 


The Barred Owl. 


Who has not been startled on a sum- 
mer night by the unexpected ery of a 


Barred Owl in a neighboring woods, 
amusing himself, apparently at your 
expense, with his laughing, mocking, 
inquisitive ‘who, who? who, who? who 
are you?” ' 

At nightfall and early dawn these 
owls can be heard, during the breeding 
season, in nearly every deep woods in 
the United States, east of the Rocky 
mountains. From the aniount of noise 
which they make, one thinks them very 
common and wonder why he so seldom 
sees one of them. The reason is plain. 
The hird is one of the shyest of the 
large owls, and keeps himself well out 
of the sight of man. At the approach. 
ot day he betakes himself to some hol- 
low tree, there to remainin a half stu- 
por until night’s gray mantle effect- 
ually conceals his noiseless flight. If 
one climbs to his retreat, as I have 
frequently done, he will blink his big 
dark eyes, and snap his bill ina way 
which defies further intrusion. 

This bird is often mistaken by the 
casual observer for the Great Horned 
Owl, Yet the distinction between the 
two is very marked. The Barred Owl 
is not quite so large as the Great Horn- 
ed, has a much lighter plumage anda 
round head in counter distinction to 
the large tufts or horas of his relative. 
But in flight the two are very similar 
and can scarcely be distinguished un~ 
less very near the observer. 

It is during the breeding season that 
we have the best opportunity for study- 
ing the habits of the Barred Owl. The 
nesting habits of the bird are similar to 
those of many of his relatives. For his 
home he generally selects a cavity in 
some secluded tree, although he is said 
to occasionally appropriate a deserted 
hawk’s nest. I am inclined to think 
that only the want of a suitable cavity 
forces him to occupy an artificial well- 
ing. I have found him nesting in 
trees of every description, always in 
cavities ranging from ten to sixty feet. 
from the ground. The only requisites 


THE OOLOGIST. 85 


seem to be a reasonably large cavity in 
an out of the way tree. Yet the birds 
are very sly about their nest which is 
often quite hard to find. The very 
roughness of the occupied cavity fre- 
quently serves to draw away attention 
from the object of search. 

A rap on the trunk of the tree, 
although it will generally bring out the 
bird, is not to be depended upon asa 
sure means of discovering the nest. 
In my experience, the bird will often 
retain her seat until you have quite 
reached the cavity. Again, she will oc- 
easionally hear yourapproach and silent- 
ly slip from the nest before you are in 
seeing distance of her. The two finest 
sets of eggs which I ever helped to take 
were only discovered after climbing to 
cavities which had shown no signs of 
being tenanted. In one of these cases 
the bird had slipped away unnoticed; 
in the other case, she remained on the 
nest until my friend had nearly climbed 
to the cavity. What 1 consider one of 
the best signs of the proximity of an 
owl’s nest is the presence of downy 
feathers sticking to limbs and bushes 
around a promising tree. 
spection will frequently reveal small 
feathers clinging to the edges of the 
prospective cavity, which are almost a 
sure sign of a feathered inhabitant. 

The nesting season of the Barred 
Owl begins the last of February and 
continues until May. The earliest eggs 
to come under my personal notice were 
a set of four nearly tresh, taken from a 
large sycamore tree, on the twenty- 
eighth of February, 1891, by Mr. O. K. 
Williamson and myself. I may well 
state here that Mr. Williamson and I 
have studied bird life and collected 
together for the two past seasons, and 
have shared each others odlogical 
labors, pleasures and disappointments. 
It is his experience as much as my own 
which Iam giving. 

The eggs of the Barred Owl are de- 
posited in the cavity without any lining 


Close in- 


the breast 
The female gener- 
ally begins setting several days before 
the first egg is laid and retains her seat, 
perhaps relieved occasionally by her 
mate, until the rapacious appetites of 
the young require the combined labors 
of the parent birds. 

When driven from her nest, the bird 
keeps a close watch and returns as soon 
as allis quiet. If hen’s eggs have been 
substituted in the meantime for her 
own pearly beauties, the unsuspecting 
bird adopts them as her own. Mr. 
Williamson and I once replaced a set 
of two with hen’s eggs and returned 
more than a month later aud found the 
old bird patiectly sitting on one de- - 
cayed egg. The other had probably 
hatched, the young chick having either 
fallen from the nest or starved from 
lack of proper food. If one of an in- 
completed set be taken, the bird 
seldom, if ever returns to finish the 
complement. Sets of two eggs of this 
owl are most common, although one 
frequently finds sets of three anu rare- 
ly one of four. The eggs vary consid- 
erably in size, but can generally be 
distinguished from those of other 
species. A set of three in my collection 
measure respectfive: 1.86 x 1.65, 1.90 
x 1.62, and 1 90 x 1.59. 

If unmolested the owlJs will occupy 
the same cavity year after year. If 
robbed of their first eggs, they always 
make a second nest three weeks ora 
month Jater. Ihave always found the 
second set in a different tree jrom the 
first. But if both sets are taken, the 
birds generally return the next season 
to the old tree. 

At any rate, if not bothered by either 
the shot-gun or too free use of the 
woodsmau's ax, a pair of owls will stay 
in the same neighborhood for many 
years, Without any apparent thought 
of emigrating from their native woods. 

W ALTER J RUITT, 
Chanute, Kans, 


except afew feathers from 
of the mother bird. 


86 THE OOLOGISTY. 


Hints on Skinning and Mounting Birds. 

Of courseI do not intend to enrich 
the minds of all the readers of this ar- 
ticle with rare and new ideas, but I 
think many can read, and learn some- 
thing by it that will help them a great 
deal in making up fine specimens. both 
of skins and mounted birds. Before [ 
entered Wards Natural Science Estab- 
lishment I had the impression I knew 
how to mount birds but I soon found I 
knew but comparatively little about the 
art. However I took careful observa- 
tions and soon learned points which I 
wish others that are still following in 
my old path to know. If you have col- 
lected a bird and intend to make a skin 
of it, never let it enter your cabinet un- 
til every particle of blood stain is wash- 
ed from it. This can be easily done 
with clean water. 

If the bird is fat be sure and scrape it 
well to prevent the grease from entire- 
ly destroying your specimen. 

In skinning a bird never cut the ends 
of the secondary quills loose from the 
Ulna; but, by cutting through under- 
neath the wing, you can easily remove 
the flesh around the radius and ulna. 

In all large birds it is an excellent 
plan to remove the tendons from the 
leg 

Always poison your specimens well 
and fill the bodies as near as possible té 
the natural size. 

In nearly all cases I think it is a poor 
plan to sew the bodies up, as a great 
many of our collectors do for when you 
come to open them you are very liable 
to damage them by the thread tearing 
out. 

Always fold the wings and let them 
dry as near as possible in their natural 
position.. 

Skins of Owls should never be laid ou 
the back to dry, as the soft fluffy feath- 
ers on the head are sure to get out of 
place. 

If the bird has a long neck always in- 


ry 


sert a wire or stick the whole length to. 
prevent its getting broken. If wire is 
used always choose zinc or copper, ney~ 
er iron, for it will rust and color your 
specimen if it comes in contact with 
the skin. If these points are observed 
and carried out I trust each one of us. 
can escape the ever criticizing eye of 
our brother ornithologists. 

In mounting a bird always use a solid 
body. This is easily made by winding 
excelsior with strong thread or string. 
Make each body as near as possible the 
some shape and size of the natural one. 

If the feathers are badly covered with 
grease and dirt (as is generally the case 
with all water birds) wash them in naph- 
tha thoroughly, and then dryina box 
of plaster paris. With a small brush 
continually beat the skin, turning it: 
over as you do so, as this will shake off 
the damp plaster and prevent it from 
setting to the feathers, which otherwise 
would be the case. Keep adding dry 
plaster until the feathers are all dry. 
Then with a small bellows you can blow 
nearly all the plaster from the bird. 

Always use as large wire as you can 
conveniently. 

Be sure and have the eyes of all your 
specimens directly opposite each other 
and looking at the same point. 

If the body is not just the right size 
eut a slit through the skin under the 
wing and with a wire you can build out 
the body with cotton or tow to suit 
yourself. After the wings are folded in 
place nobody but yourself would ever 
know the cuts were there. 

Do not mount all of your birds in one 
position as is generally the case. Have 
a variety and you will feel proud of 
them. 

If you have a skin ofa rare and hand- 
some bird that has been torn and bro- 
ken no matter how bad, never throw it 
away; but make your body and with 
glue you can stick each section in place 
If the feathers are all there, and the job, 
skillfully performed, I will defy any 


THE OOLOGIST. 87 


man to pick out this specimen from 
your collection. 

Never lay aside a mounted specimen 
simply because it has lost some feathers 
from different parts of the body, but 
take your tweezers and some bric-a- 
brace skin and glue (liquid glue prefer- 
red) set feathers in the vacant spots. 
Be careful and get feathers that match 
in color and markings. 

I hope this will help at least a few, and 
in the near future hear from others who 
have any suggestions to offer. 

NATHAN L. Davis, 
Rochester, N.. Y.. 


Great Horned Owl in Iowa. 


As I was looking across the cold, 


bleak fields to-day (Jan. 28) toward the 
timber, my attention was attracted by 
the clatter of crows. They seemed to 
be finding fault with a large dark-color- 
ed bird which wassitting with apparent 
indifference in the top of a tall cotton- 
wood tree. I listened intently and soon 
heard the low but distinct hoo-hoo of 
what I felt certain was « male Gt. 
Horned Owl. This not only reminds 
me that the nesting season of this bird 
-is here, but that I had interesting ex- 
periences with Buwbo last winter which 
I could relate to the OdLOGIST readers, 
the powers that be permitting. 

My collecting notes for 1892. show 
that I collected six sets of the Gt. Horned 
Owl in the vicinity of Norway, Benton 
Co., Iowa. Itis the points of interest 
in connection with the collection of 
these sets, and also in connection with 
two other sets which I might have col- 
lected but didn't, that I wish to give. 

The size, shape, color, measurements 
etc., of the eggs themselves are prob- 
ably too well known to require mention 
here. 

My long hunting trips were all truit- 
less until Feb. 18 which will be remem- 
bered as the warm clear day on which 
occurred our most brilliant display of 
aurora borealis. I had traveled eight 


miles through patches of timber rap- 
ping with a stout stick on hollow trees 
or the trunks of others containing old 
nests. One large bass-wood contained 
an old nest about sixty-five feet from 
the ground which- from appearances 
had not been used for years. After 
giving the trunk of the tree two or three 
raps with no result, [ was about to pass 
on; but, as the snow was soft and wet, 
I concluded to lay siege to the nest for 
2 minute in another way. Taking a 
position where the nest could be plain- 
ly seen, I was encouraged at seeing 
what looked like a small tuft of brown 
feathers projecting above the mass of 
sticks. Then-taking aside step I could 
see another tuft near it, aud the snow 
balls began to fly in earnest. 

One of them strucka branch less than 
two feet above the nest and the pieces 
flew in all directions, but those ear tufts 
did not move. Exasperated at this I 
started up the tree, and when part way 
up the owl left the nest, the three fresh 
eggs formed a pretty center to the ring 
of snow which encircled them. 

Set two, Feb. 20, consisting of two 
fresh eggs was -found fifty feet from the 
the ground in an old hawk’s nest in a 
white oak tree. The owl in this case 
left the nest at the rap on the trunk; al- 
though the day was much colder than 
in the previous instance. 

In the case of set three the owl was 
remarkable in just the opposite direc- 
tion from the one with set one. I found 
the nest with a few loose feathers cling- 
ing to it by the middle of February, but 
eon'd not see or hear an owl anywhere. 
I thought best not to disturb the nest 
for a while, so went again in about ten 
days, and, although I approached the 
nest cautiously, it was with the same 
result as before. On Feb. 29 I went to 
the nest again, but by a route from 
which I could get a view of the nest at 
a distance of two or three hundred yards. 
This time Iwas just quick enough to 
see the bird slip from the nest, drop 


&8 THE OOLOGIST. 


down beneath the branches and fly 
noiselessly away. The nest was in a 
white oak forty feet up. and rewarded 
me with a set of two eggs in which the 
incubation was faradvanced. The nest 
was within two hundred and fifty yards 
of ahois+, whica may account for the 
shyness of the birds. 

Sets four and five of two slightly in- 
cubated eggs each were taken on March 
Ist. Bothsets were deposited in old 
hawk’s nests from which I got eggs of 
Buteo borealis in 1891, and were respec- 
tively sixty-five and thirty feet from the 


ground. Set four was in a bass-wood 
tree. In this ease the owl did not leave 


the nest when I pounded vigorously on 
the trunk, and only did so when I was 
about half-way up the tree. Some boys 
had reported seeing the owl on this nest 
two or three days before; otherwise the 
set would probably have been Jost, for 
the tree was not of the kind that one is 
apt to climb.out of mere curiosity. In 
the case of set five I could see the tail of 
the owl projecting over the edge of the 
nest, which wasina willow, and a small 
stick thrown in that direction was sufli- 
cient to flush her. Setsix of two slight- 
ly incubated eggs was found on March 
19, in the same nest and under the same 
circumstances asset two. The presump- 
tion seems to be that the same bird laid 
them. 

This much for the sets [ got, now as 
to those I know I dtdweé get. 

On Feb. 6, I found myself looking in- 
tently at a dead oak tree which had a 
hole in it about forty feet from the 
ground. Rapping onthe tree produced 
no results, and, as the hole looked very 
small anyway, Ileftit. A friend, whom 
I will cail Brown, informed me a few 
weeks later that there were three young 
owls in tha’ tree. 

The second case was of even 
greater chagrin tome. I had repeated- 
ly passed under an old 
twenty feet up ina small red oak, and 
tne idea had that a 


one 


oecurred to me 


Crow’s nest, 


Coopers Hawk might appropriate it later 
in the season. It never presented the least 
appearance of being occupied until one 
day in April I saw a pair of young Owls 
almost as large as Pigeons sitting on it 
and looking wonderingly at me. The 
nest was small even for a Crow’s, and 
was situated among rather thick second 
growth timber. It must have been that 
the old bird flew away out of sight every 
time anyone approached. As this nest 
was in the Same timber as nest three, 
and only a short distance from it, I am 
inclined to think that the same wise old 
Bubo iid finally succeed in outwitting 
me. 

From my experiences with the Gt: 
Horned Owl in, 1892, I have certainly 
learned never to take No for an answer 
from any old nest or hollow trees until 


all the pros and cons have been diligent- 
ly investigated. As we are now at the 
beginning of the collecting season, l am 
in hopes that these notes will be of use 
to some who are expecting to study the 
interesting bubo virginianus in 1893. 

Cuas. R. Kpygs, 

Mt. Vernon, lowa. 


An Albatross at Long Beach, Cala. 


On the 26th of July I discovered a 
specimen of the Short-tailed Albatross 
which was washed up on the beach 
near Long Beach, Cala. in San Pedro 
Bay. 

T succeeded in skinning it-and found 
it to measure 7 ft. 8 in. from tip to tip. 

I was told by a young man, that 
three years ago, in the winter and dur- 
ing a storm a dozen of these birds were 
washed up on the beach in a Jength of 
about ten miles, but since then very 
few have occurred. 

This may however have been some 
other bird as the person who told me 
is not ‘well up” in Ornithology. 

Sometime about 1880 I assisted in 
capturing a young specimen of the 
Sooty Alhatross on the coast several 
miles below here. We succeeded in 
partially domesticating him and dubed 
him ‘‘Peter The Great.” Sad to say he 
did not long survive his capture. 

I would like to hear from anyone 
who is familiar with any of the species 
of Albatross. M. li. WEEKS, 

Los Angeles, Cal. 


THE OOLOGIST. 89 


_ THE OOLocist, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 
Editor and Publisher. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


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ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, 


A NEW SCHEME.—The Publisher of 
the OdLoGcist desires a lot of short, 
pithy. boiled down articles based on 
eold unvarnished facts of your own 
practice, experience or observation up- 
on any subject of value or interest 
“to the student of birds, their nests and 
eggs.’ We want you to send us one of 
these :rticles during the month of 
March and we want you to write the 
same on the back of a Postal Card (any 


“jnsures a 


size)and mail to us. Give the article a 
short suitable heading and at the end 
sign your name and address, Should 
you prefer to write on paper you can 


_doso but the paper used must be a 


single sheet the exact size of a Postal 
Card and written on one side only. 

To every subseriber of the OdLoGIsT 
fulfilling our request by mailing us one 
of these ‘“‘Postal Card Articles” durmg 
the month of March we will reciprocate 
by sending gratis, 1» copy of our new, 
39 ct., “Standard Catalogue of North 
American Birds Eggs.” 


The following clipped from an article 
in the Buffalo Courier, of Jan. 381, may 


-proye of interest to the readers of the 


OG6LOGIST: 


“Secretary George T. Smith of the 
World’s Fair Commission of this, the 
Eighth Judicial District. concurred in 
saying that it is most difficult to secure 
space for exhibits. As faras New York 
State, is concerned, Mr. Smith says, the 
Fair is a success, and though the space 
for exhibits is far short of the demand, 
the room allotted thus far to th s district 
good showing. Mr. Smith 
gave to the Courier some of the more 
important exhibits that probably will 
go to the World’s Fair from Western 
New York. 

One of the largest local exhibits, and 
one that it would-be hard to duplicate 
outside of the Smithsonian Institution, 
will be: made by Frank H. Lattin of Al- 
bion. Mr. Lattice is a naturalist in 
everything that the word implies, and 
hiscollection of ornithological specimens 
are world-famed. He proposes to take 
to Chicago an extensive collection of 
birds eggs. sea shells, stuffed animals, 
and natualists and taxidermists’ sup- 
plies. Space bas been given to him ta 
the extent that he will be able to exhi- 
bit a pair of birds of every species known 
to North America and show their man- 
ner of nesting, whether on tree, bush, 
ground, cliff, beach, or marsh. This in 
some ways will be the most interesting 
as well as valuable exhibit coming from 
the Buffalo district.” 


We will hasten to plead “not guilty” 
to all that is said or implied in the above 
interview and at this date, (Feb. 24th,) 


90 THE OOLOGIST. 


we can make no postéive statement 
either pro or con. 

However, we would not be at all sur- 
prised if we were there with a modest 
little display and furthermore if such 
‘should be” we are rather inclined to 
think our friends might find a modest 
little -‘Branech” of our establishment 
near the business part of the city. We 
expect to be able to say something both 
positive and definite regarding each, 
our exhibit and “Brauch,” in April 
OGLOGIST. 

ANOTHER SCHEME:—At the 
World’s Fair we have been intending 
to make a gooil display of the eggs of 
North American Birds. A few weeks 
since while planning and mapping out, 
in our mind, the exhibit—this thought 
came tous ‘“‘How nice it. would be if 
every reader of the OodLogist could be 
representedia the exhibit by a ‘‘gem” 
set of their own collecting or.at least 
from their collection” 

This thought has proven a “‘sticker” 
and is still with us,’ apparently more 
tenacious than ever, in our quandary 
as.to how we shall rid ouvselves of it. 
We open a book in which the names of 
the subscribers of the OoLoGisT have 
just been recorded. We find that there 
is over two-thousand of them, distribu- 
ted almost everywhere from Alberta 
and Manitoba in the North, to the 
southern most part of Texas in the 
South, from New Brunswick and Nova 
Seotia in the north east, to Catilina 
Isle in tne south-west. From Vancou- 
ver’s Island in the north-west to one of 
the Isles of Florida in the south-east. 
As we close the book we think what a 
magnificent exhibit such a collection 
would make. 

As we cannot dispel these thoughts 
from our mind we have concluded to let 
the readers of the O6LoGIST share them. 

What do you think about them? If 
favorably, let us hear from you at once 
by simply stating what ‘A No. 1,” 


“XXX,” “Star,”.“gem,” (or whatever 
you may call them) sets you are willing 
to add to the exhibit. If you all take ~ 
hold of the matter it will most surely 
be a “howling success.” The more ad- 
vanced collectors should avoid naming 
too common species—let the boys do 
that. 

If we conclude to adopt this “‘scheme” 
with our exhibit, hundreds must take 
hold of the matter—for should there be 
any question whatever in our mind as 
to its not proving a BiG SUCCEss it will 
not be undertaken. 

All we want now is your list and this 
we want at once for we must decide 
not later than March 20th as to whether 
this exhibit is to be made by ‘‘Lattin” 
individually or whether it is to be com- 
posed of sets furnished by the oolo- 
gists of America for that purpose. 

Should we go ahead with the scheme 
we will be responsible for every set fur- 
nished and at the close of the Fair will 
return them prepaid or their value in 
eash. We will also mailas early as 
possible to collectors desiring to con- 
tribute to the exhibit, full particulars 
and instructions with blanks to be filled 
and printed: labels which must Le used 
on the packages, etc. 

Each set when placed in the exhibit 
will be labeled with A. O.U. No, com- 
mon and scientific name, date of col- 
lecting, name of collector, locality, and 
name of exhibitor. Let us hear from 
you at once. Any suggestions as to 
manner of displaying and arranging 
the collection, labels, ete., will be most 
gratefully received. We ofcourse have, 
our ideas but yours may be better or 
at least an improvement. 

Address the Publisher of the O6ro- 
Gist, Albion, N. Y. 


++ <>< 


JANUARY CONTEST. 


One Hundred and Thirty-four Judges. 


Prize winners and eredits received 
by each were as follows: 


THE OOLOGIST. ot 


1. A Field Naturalist’s Outfit. 557 
2. The Golden Swamp Warbler. 480 


3. Bird Nesting in an _ Illinois 
Swamp. 236 
4. Notes from Isabella Co., Mich. 234 
5. Two Warblers. 215 
The following articles were each 


sawarded one year’s subscription to the 
OO6LOGIST :— 


The Osprey in Florida. 119 
A Collection of N. C. Birds Eggs. 84 
Birds as Pets 73 


The Judicial Bench of 134 Judges 
was a “record breaker”’—coming from 
thirty (30) States and Provinces, New 
York leading with 26, Kansas following 
with 9, then Minnesota, 8; Ohio, Iowa, 
Illinois, and Ontario 7 each; Penna, 
Calif, and Mich., 6; Mass. 5, Indiana, 
Wisconsin and New Jersey 4; Vermont 
Maryland, Missouri and Oregon, 38; 
Maine, Texas, Virginia and Conn., 2; 
and one each fron 8. Car., N. H., Neb., 
). C., Wash., La., Tenn. and Alberta. 

From this large number of Judges 
only twenty-three (23) named the win- 
ning articles, and not a single one their 
exact order. 

The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows:— 

1. No. 2.—Garrett Pier, Fifth Ave., 
New York City, who named the win- 
ners in the following order, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5. 

2. No. 7i—Willard N. Clute, Bing- 
hambonmNe Y. 1 2, 3):5, 4. 

3. No. 79—A. W. Parshall, Oberlin, 
anisy 1 OniS had. 


4. No. 49—Dana C. .Gillett, Barre 
WWemtreaNegen ul 2 cose. 
5. No. 9—J. S. Square, Stratford, 


Ont., 1, 2, 5, 8, 4. 

The following were each awarded a 
copy of the World’s Fair Almanac. 
The lists of the first seven were exactly 
as near correct as the winner of the 
Sth prize—as this was a case of tie we 
awarded the prize to earliest list. 

No. 11—Wait C. Johnson, Vt. 

No. 50—H. and A. Lafler, N. Y. 

No. 68—A. W. Baylis, Iowa. 


No. 69—Chas. A. Ely, N. J. 

No. 80—H. L. Heaton, Kans. 

No. 92—Walton Mitchell, Minn. 

No. 126—Henry R. Buek, Conn. 

C.S. Butters, Mass; A, M. Cassel, Va; 
M. V. Stewart, Ills; l. H. Stratton, Ills; 
E. F. Hadley, Oregon; W: Truitt, Kans; 
J.S. Griffing, N. Y.; A. R. Ogden, N. 
Y¥.; L. Appleton, N.J.; N. F. Posson, 
NYG. Wi. Danions Renn: 

All prizes were mailed on Feb. 22d. 


>_< 


How Far South Has the 
Migrated? 

The flight of Pine Grosbeaks this 
winter has exceeded anything of the 
kind for the past twenty years in this 
Vicinity, and as such an event is of rare 
occurrence and as the cold throughout 
the South has been. so extreme results 
of great ornithological interest ought to 
be obtained. Ifall persons interested 
and who have wnmistakably identified 
the Pine Grosbeak will put themselves 
to a little trouble a list will be prepared 
for some future number of the OdLo- 
GIST. 

The object aimed at is to find out how 
far South they have gone, and in what 
localities they have not been seen be- 
fore. — 

Let us hear from all 
work complete. 
ications to 


Pine Grosbeak 


and have the 
Address all commun- 


C. Q. TROWBRIDGE, 
Framingham, Mass. 


Excursion Club to Attend the World’s Fair. 


If you have any desire to visit the» 
World’s Fair at Chicago, bear in mind 
that the United World’s Fair Excursion 
Co. is a sound organization, with ample 
capital to fulfil their promises. The 
company sells tickets on the installment 
plan, refunding all but first payment if 
vou fail to go, apply to United World’s 
Fair Exposition Co., N. E. Dep’t, 406 
Exchange B’ld’g, Boston, Mass. 


_ [NFORMATION 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ANTED. && S& 


I desire, af once, POSITIVE information relating the Nest and Eggs of any of the 


following species and sub-species for my new ‘“‘OdLoGists Hanp-BooK.” 
Write at once—after April 


credit will be given in the work for all notes used. 


1st will be TOO LATE. 


8 Yellow-billed Loon 

19 Whiskered Auklet 
R4 Kittlitz’s Murrelet 

zo. Xantus Murrelet 

45 Kumlien’s Gull 
46 WNelson’s Gull 

48 Slaty-backed Gull 
[50] Siberian Gull 
52 Pallas’s Gull 

60.1 Little Gull 
[68] Trudeau’s Tern 

81 Black-footed Albatross 
86a Lesser Fulmar 
87 Slender-billed Fulmar 
91 Pink-footed Shearwater 
95 Slender-billed Shearwater 
(97] Black-tailed Shearwater 
(98] Black-capped Petrel 
[99] Scaled Petrel 

100 Fisher's Petrel 

102 Pintado Petrel 

1038 Least Petrel 

107 Black Petrel 

109. Wilson’s Petrel 

[110] White-bellied Petrel 
{111] White-faced Petrel 
156 Labrador Duck 

169a Greater Snow Goose 
169.1 Blue Goose 5 

170 Ross’s Show Goose 
172b White-cheeked Goose 
175 Barnacle Goose 

177 ~Black-bellied Tree-Duck 
178 Fulvous Tree-Duck 
191.1 Cory’s Least Bi' tern. 
20la Frazar’s Green Heron 
209 Belding’s Rail 

211.1 Scott’s Rail 

21le Caribbean Clapper Rail 
216.1 Farallone Rail 

238 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 
242.1 Long-toed Stint 
[245] Spoon-hill Sandpiper 
256a W. Solitary Sanapiper 
259 Wandering Tatler 
[268] Bristle-thighed Curlew 
272a Pacific Golden Plover 
2&2 Surf Bird 
285.1 Frazar’s Oystercatcher 
303 Welch’s Ptarmigan 
337d Harlan’s Hawk 

[385 ] Harpy Hagle 
356a Peale’s Falcon 
360b St Lucas Sparrow Haw k 
263 Guadaluy: Caracara 
3i4a Dwarf Screech Owl 
875b Arctic Horned Owl 
379.1 Hoskin’s Pygmy Owl 
386 Mangrove Cuckoo 
386a Mayuard’s Cuckoo 
[889] Coppery-tailed Trogon 
393d Cabanis’s Woodpecker 
394b Batcbelder’s Woodpecker 


39Fa St. Lucas Woodpecker 
398 Arizona Woodpecker 

401a Alaskan Three-toed do 
401b Alpine Three-toed do 
407a Narrow-fronted do 

413a Northwestern Flicker 
414 Gilded Flicker 

4\7a Stephen’s Whip-poor-will 
425 Whire-throated Swift. 

426 Rivoli Hummingbird 

427 Blue-throated do 

429.1 Violet-throated do 

431.1 Fl-resi’s Hummingbird 
437 Lucifer’s Hummingbird 
438 Reitfer’s Hummingbird 
439 Buff-bellied Humming bird 
441 Broad- billedHummingbird 
441.1 Xantus’s Becard 

442 Fork-tailed Flycatcher 
[450] Giraud’s Flycatcher 

451 Sulphur-belliedFlycatcher 
455¢ Olivaceous Flycatcher 
450 Coues’s Flycatcher 

462c Large-billed Wood Pewee 
464.1 St. Lucas Flycatcher 

469.1 Gray Flycatcher 

(470) Fulvous Flycatcher 

470a Butf-brea-ted Flycatcher 
472 Beardless Flvcatcher 
472a Ridgway’s Flycatcher 
474h Scorched Horned Lark 
4741 Dusky Horned Lark 

474] Sonoran Horned Lark 
47&c Black-headed Jay 

481a Xantus’s Jay 

481b Belding’s Jay 

481.1 Santa Cruz Jay 

484b Alaskan Jay 

484c Li»rador Jay 

498a Sonoran Redwing 

498b Babaman Redwing 

514 Evening Grosbeak 

dl4a WesternEvening Grosbeak 
(516] Cassin’s Bullfinch 

519b St. Lucas House Finch 
52la Mexican Crossbill 

524. Gray-crowned Leucosticte 
524a Hepburn’s Leucosticte 
525 Black Leucosticte 

526 Brown-capped Leucosticte 
527. Greenland Redpoll 

528b Greater Redpoll 

580b Mexican Goldfinch 

[532] Rlack-headed Goldfinch 
535 McKay's Snowflake 

542 Sandwich Sparrow 

544 Large-billed Sparrow 
54a St. Lucas Sparrow 

50a Scott’s Seaside Sparrow 
550b Texas Seaside Sparrow 
5d1 Dusky Seaside Sparrow 
564 Worthen’s Sparrow 

566 White-winged Junco 


Due. 


Faithfully, FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


567b Shufeldt’s Junco 

567¢c Thurber’s Junco 

AGg.1 Ridgeway’s Junco 

571 Baird’s Junco 

571.1 Townsend’s Junco 

574b Gray Sage Sparrow 
581b Sooty Song Sparrow 
581e¢ Brown’s Song Sparrow 
581h Santa Bar bara Song do, 
581i San Clemense Song ¢ do 
583a Forbush’s Sparrow 

589 Guadalupe Towhee 
5e4a Arizona Pyrrhuloxia 
594b St. Lucas Pyrrhuloxia 
602.1 Melodious Grassquit 
606 Blue-headed Huphonia 
{607.1] Gray’s Tanager 

609 Hepatic Tanager , 

6lJa Western Martin 

[611.1] Cuban Martin 

[612.1] Cuban Cliff Swallow 
[615.1] Rahaman Swallow 
625 Yellow-green Vireo 
629d St. Lucas Solitary Vireo, 

631a Key West Vireo 

645a Calaveras Warbler 

6460 Dusky Warbler 

651 Olive Warbler 

652a Sonora Yellow Warbler 
653 Mangrove Warbler 

672 Palm Warbler 

6510 Florida Yellow-thnroat 

682 Belding’s Yellow-throat. 

682.1 Mirador Yellow-throat. 
[689] Red-bellied Redstart 

690 Red-faced Warbler 

[691] Red Warbler 

(692) Brasher’s Warbler 

[693] Bell’s Warbler 

[695] Swinhoe’s Wagtail ° 
|699] Red throated Pipit 
(717) White-throated Wren 

717b Dotted Canon Wren 

Tika Florida Wren 

71sb Lomita Wren 

720 Guadalupe Wren 

728 Aiaska Wren 

725.1 Marian’s Mursh Wren 
726a Mexican Creeper é i 
727b Florida White-breaste @ 

Nuthateh 

730a Whiite-naped Nuthatch 
733a Gray Titmouse 

733b Ashy Titmouse 

737 . Mexican Chickadee 

7400 Kowak @hickadee 

742a Pallid Wren Tit 

743b Grinda’s Bush-Tit 


744.1 Santa Rita Bush-Tit 


745 Floya’s Bush-Tit 

747 Kennicott’sWillow War pollen: 
0 Wusky Kinglet 

762 St. Lucas Robin 

766a Azure Bluebird 


2d Hand Books.—I will give at all times 
good exchange for second-hand copies of any 
I desire at once good cop- 
ies of “A. O. U. Check-List,” and Baird. Brewer 
and Ridgeway’s “History of N. A. Birds’—both 
Will pay cash. 
FRANK H.ULATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


book I offer for sale. 


“Land” and *‘Water Birds.” 


50 for $2. 
Albion, N. Y. 


BLOW PIPES.—We have a few dozen blow~ 
ers, all grades from 10 to 2ie., 
imperfect, seconds, or 
over one-half of them will work. To close out, 
will send sample for 6c. ; 


that are either 
otherwise defective, 


10 for 50c.; 22 for $1. or 


Se FRANK H. LATTIN, 


THE OOLOGIST. 638 


*irst-Class Skins of Birds and 
Mammals at low rates---all 


Prepaid. 


eer DE Tp Sua c\wlelelcis eis scr -/cicis sielale}si viele 
‘Texan Bobwhite ..... 
WWI Oni is Staley Ssh oAecudoq oodooobe ode 
SeAvst2 ics) of ee ao opQeges 
Baird’s Woodpecker ....-............ 
“Green-Tailed 'Towhee .....2........005 
-Harris’s Sparrows 
Blac «-toroated SRArEQT 
Verdin (Yellow-Tit)...... 


Hooded Warbler ............. 
Orange-crowned Warbler 
VETO NV ANG DCTs << cicimwine veieie « =[elede </e.0 ela cle 
HITEKEN . a cc.0:- He CAR AOR ODO nata 
Red-bellied Woodpecker. 
Hairy Woodpecker......... dosdosc00e aconco: ay 
MawmynWioollpecker 2. .-seibs-coscle ss. oe 25 
REG-DOUTEWeNUbNALCH: |<. ceccccce,s ccaesies esses 80 
White-bellied Nuthatch.-:................-.. 25 
EOF GINO COSSOLE \sjcisiwcic's cece 6 far s aren se are 25 
FRVCREDLEO! CUCKOO? Helsicictec vies cie dais nose sleeve 40 
TOO CMER EMO OU ai ciate slainitic\ stele a a%clsa clase sie e sens 20 
iP SHis) Jeon Dea ea semeSnopeeen eso deaoe 5. BU) 
Black-necked Stilt ..... SPondasadon nAbomdogaS 1 2D 
PAO MIS TANTAMET OL OM erin Ns kikls sitiie tee nti ties wlsisinwe 1 OU 
Bohemian Waxwine .... 22... .0s60 .s22.eseee 1 00 
Snowd tke . Jo ponds Sposa GB SoP ton apd boo 30 - 
‘Old Squaw. Tetraleterr os ts Ba .0. socees as656 Tl Wy) 
CERELURER ESI cl ON eerie Sis rsrarg ewer), SoM arts PT) 
-Bla k-cro vn-d Nivht Heron.............. emleZo 
Pe WhaiGans (DOOW):. - )< ej ce vce meses coin coco J (0) 
BIRDS IN PAIRS. 
Price per p’ vir. 
Ele owiil SCO e alley lsleatclaiei-y-r=1a1> sa pocsoc anoCS 1 50 
THTOKOE Song ct ee adGen Rane aereeae Sareeversisetate = 60 
Red-bellied Woodpecker.....:.............. 60 
RUT Shiva Gua CHC ae eye resis oielesie ores s ddoadoccs | Wl) 
-Evening Grosbeak ........... dosscbosobe cose aw) 
sScariet Tanager............ ngondloooe Gono ea00 90, 
PUMVET CATO LOST Geo) clare. cfelais calsic cele oe =: <icvelsie' 60 
sMeadow lark ....-..-....2+ socuHeon actoadnoe 75 
TSIND@ UBAyGocone onan REOe Conon ABoIOE SCO mac HORsee 50 
: MAMMALS. 
‘Chimpanzee .............. See deisiesiaeioes -....d12 00 
Bonnet Monk ey (BOrned)....celecceececcee 4 00 
Rhesus Monkey (Old Calabar). se.c-ecce6 14,00 
‘Sooty Monkey (West Africa)...... Rerlsteoei an OO! > 
Egpptian Bat..... So gd0S.cuenododppeean adobe o ll Oe) 
Bat ( Voctule Mextro), Siieisyarstsrs (oleae soboue i) 
-Kangaroo Mouse (S. Russia) GOA OCOD OC DOOR Lg) 
ESM ate lat QTD pcrstste ye ay-seie crests mie-crs obooaasacgon, ati fil) 


iC k t are ayhat you 
need to. map 
O° e a fp out your sea- 
‘sons campaign. The fu.1rowing are a Job Lot 
Which We will close out atless than one- 
half regular price. We give Publisher’s 
-price a3 Well as clearance one. 
Arkan-as, Rand M:Nally & Co., Pub.Price. Our Pr. 
indexed, flexible covers ..... conoooe Ue 20¢ 
_ ‘Colorado, Cram. ind., cloth covers....50¢ 15¢ 
“Connecticut, R. McN.& Co.,ind. cloth60c zac 


EMOrIGa GO: ING HEX. COV.= 0.2 -6-- en 40¢ 20¢ 
PUNNNOIS dO Mex. CON. secs 22 cece eerecoc lac 
do, ind. OWicdosadoseodsaaods seveeeD0G  —<UC 
do, Cram & Co.. ind. cloth......50c 20¢e 
- do. sectional cloth ........:-»- 756 75 
-Indiana, R. MeN. &. Co., flex. cov....25c le 
“do, ind. THOR c)«\eor2 e112 5Uc 20¢ 


do, Cram, ind. cloth.,........... 50C 10¢ 
do, Colton, cloth. occodo BI 15¢ 
‘In. Ter’y, R. MeN. & Co., flex. coy.. 50c 25¢ 
-Kansas, do ind. do ....«.50¢c 200. 
do; Cram. ind? cloth... <1. ca... p0C 10¢ 
do, Colton, sectional cloth. .....$1.5U 40c 
Manitoba, R. MeN. & Co.. ind. flev..'50¢ Buc 


Massachusetts. do, ind. cloth.... ..... 6Ce 30¢ 


Michigan. Colton, cloth................35c Isc 
GOy CLany piN Gs ClOL Neate ctreiereje: +21 DUC 2Ce 
Minnesota. Cram, do........... nota soactlite 28e 
do, Colton, sectional cloth ..... Bc 5c 
do, R. McC. & Co., ind.cloth.:..60¢ 35C 
do, do, IED CS tQONLgnign good 25¢ 15¢ 
New Hampshire, do. ind. do.......... FOc 20C 
do, do. TAG kolHal Go scineoe 6Uc 30¢ 
New York. Petingale and Behn.cloth Avc 10¢ 
Ohio, R. MeN. & Co., flex. cov....... 25¢ 15¢ 
do. do, AVL | ClO\soaconocdauale 10¢ 
Gos ranieninadyiclothhaces cesses 60e 2dC 


‘Tex &In.T’y,R.McN.&Co;,ind., flex. 


(ON Ado, cose gouceds Ninoletotalcveetsare crete eieee DUG 30c 
Wisconsin, do 50¢ 25¢ 
do, do, ANC CLO GM rereterersrate Oc 30¢ 

do. Colton, sectional cloth:....... 7ac 20¢ 


Egvpt, R. MeN. & Co., flex. cov...... DC 10c 
All Post paid upon receipt of price. 
f= We can furnish new Maps and Guide 
Books of nearly every State and Territory and 
of almost every known loc: ulity. Write what 
you want and will quote lowest price. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
ALBION, N.Y. 


PREMIUMS offered with the Oo.Loagrisr in ’88, 
39. 90 and ’¥1. We haveatew of the following 
left,—all wrapped ready for mailing and as lone 
as they last will send prepaid at prices quoted— 
which are about 3s usual ones. No. 1—Chalce- 
dony Geode8e. No 2—Call Bell 20c. No. 3— 
Large acorn Barnacle sc. No. 4—1 ege of each. 
R@w’g. 263, 272. 312 and 320, 29¢ No 5-1 egg 
each. No. 1. 63. 135, 149a, 237 and 271. 2¢c. No. 6 
—Evg of Noddy. 20c. No 7—9 in. Krass Bulb 
Blow ine 2c. N»>. 8 -Rye case *of Periwinkle 
aud Lucky Tooth of Cod 2\e. No. 9—5 in. Horse - 
shoe Magnet #5c. No. 10—P’k’gof African oral - 
ine se. NOQ.11-A fine spec. of ea. Nervita and 
Chana 8c. No, 12—-2N. Z. Peetle Nuts 8c. No. 
13 2 Ktesurrection Plants :0@ No. !4—Fosil Sea 
Urchiins 6c. No, 15—*Kid Couch” 8c... Sea an 9c. 
No 16 2 Boxes Pharaoh Serpent Eggs se. No. 
\7-—Large Alligator Tooth 7c. No i8—Ege of 
Hammerhead Shark 10¢. No. 19—Ham Shell €e. 
No. 20--Phillipine Sea Urchin €c. No 21—A 
Carved Brazilian Ivory Nut 10c. No. 2z—Spec. 
Polished Agate 9c. No. 23—One eyg of each, 
INOS Se" 13, 22. 231, 211, BSE Ui QasPevale BTSs 
278, 289. 304, 460 63. 1538, 157. 320 282 and 699,55ets, 
No. 24—One ege of ea, 123 145, 1491. 204, 237, 
254, 244, 260, 264, 278b, 300b, 396. Gia and 496. 7T5e. 
No. 23-35 nained Small shells Tic. Address 
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion. N. 


i) ONLY DIREGTORY cnzarv. 


‘il Guaranteeing 50,000. For 
| only 10 cents (regular price 
5 cents.) your name, if re- 
ceived within next 30 
\ days, will be BOLDLY 
7 printed on gummed 
Bi zo paper, and from Pub- 

i lishers, -Manufactur- 
|) ers- and others, you 

will receive hundreds 


probably thousands, 

a of valuable Books, 
Sams, Samples, Papers, Maga-~ 
——- Zilles, etc. All free and 


WN ee 

Sse 
IW A \ ff) each parcel with one of 

ae }) your boldly printed ad- 

diesses pasted aeveon! EXTRA! We willalso 
print and prepay posiage on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, ete., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 
1891. DEAR SIRS— “My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manutac- 
tirers, etc. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of 
(iail, ftom all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTGSRY CO.. 


Depariment No. 171, Philadeipo <. Pa, 


94 THE OOLOGIST. 


400 yarienies or gramps $4.00 


Duplicates can be returned. 


AN UNUSUAL OFFER 


W. F. GRARANY, 


827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO. CAL. 
Catalogue for stamp. 


CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE 


Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and 
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento- 
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid- 
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and 
aquarums. 


40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp. 


Cc. F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 


Bullinger’s Postal & Shippers Guide 

An Invaluable Guide for every Collector, Na- 
turalist Shipper and Merchant. 

It cortains Every Post Office in the United 
States and Canada, designating the Money Or- 
der Offices. County Seats &c., &c. Over 100.000 
places. Every Railroadstation in the United 
States and Canada. It gives the name of the 
Railroad. River, Lake or Canal on which every 
place is located. It gives the Nearest “Railroad 
Station to all places not on a Railroad. It gives 
the Express Comp iny for every place. Itgives 
all Telegraph offices. It gives all Counties, 
With their geographical location, and wroper 
places for Filing Liens. Mortgages. &c. It 
gives a complete table of Domestic and Foreign 
Rates of Postage. It has been used for years 
by all of the larger Express and Railroad Com- 
panies in the country. in quantit'es of from 50 
to 1000 copies by each of the Companies. and 
ther > cannot be a more exacting test of its ac- 
curacy and usefulness. The 1893 edition is now 
ready. Nearly 60.000 changes. It will pay you 
to buy a copy and useit. Price—cloth covers 
$3.00. Paper cover. $2.50.—(750 pages). Deliv- 
ery to be paid by buyer (Prepaid charges are, 
Paper Cover 20 cents: Cloth cover £5 cents.) The 
only book of the kindin the World. Address 
KH. W. BULLINGER. 7% Fulton St., New York. 


mij CAN @{ PER 
DU make 84 Bey 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article onrecord 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside: everybody 
wants them. Write to-day.:enclosing 2c sjamp 
and we will mail you4 Free Samples and full 
particulars. which will enable you to commence 
work at onee. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


COLLECTORS. 

Have you seen my lists of Birds Eggs. Birds 
Skins.Corals, Minerals. Fossils and cur. osities’ 
They inc ude everything desirable in these 
branches. I can furnish everything desired by 
the Naturalist. Wrtefor prices on anything 
youneed. Notice my ad. in Feb. OoLoGIstT. 


A:dress WALTER F. WEBB, 
Geneva, N. Y. 


Climbing Irons. 
tee- There ig 
svarcely a month 
gin the year but 
what a pair ok 
: pod Climbing 
_ trons comes handy 


Do not let a low price lure 
you into purchasing an intor- 
jor article. Every time you, 
use a cheap pair of irons, it is, 
well to reniember, that the. 
visk you run is a hundred- 
fold greater than with a reli- 
able pair. Our irons are the. 
vest made and are manufaet 
ured from the best and 
strongest material obtainable 

‘The straps are wide and made. 
trom the very best of leather, 
Our climbers are the 
eustest, sajest and most 
durable on the mar 

ket and cannot be 
sold at a living profit 
for less money by any- 
one. 

During the past five years we have 
sold hundreds of pairs of elimbersy 
have sent them to nearly every state. 
aud territory in the Union and have yet 
to hear of the first dissatislied purchaser. 
; From many testimonials, we select 
the following: 

“The climbers that you sent give entire satisfac 


tion and are well made in every particular.” 
T. V. W.. Austin, Ils. 


“Received my climbers all rigat on the 21st of 
jast month. Have deferred writing te you till” 
had used them. They are as good a spuras I 
ever tried and I think Iam Saf: in Saving that if 
you buy your spurs of Lattin, )ou vet goud ones.” 

J. P. J., Kelton, Pa. 


“All the supplies ordered came duly to hand,all] 
oO. K. Am more than pleased with them all. 
The climping irons are just what I wanted; the 
book of datas is immense and the Naturalist’s 
Guide is well worth the price. 1 Wish Lo coinplt- 
ment you on your method of packius. The eoods 
that I received could hardly have been. better 
fixed for transportation. Am more impressed 
with your promptness every time | order; and in 
future, let me say, ii there is anything in your 
line that [I need, you may be sure that I shalk 
give you thepreference.” 

H. C. O., Shelburne Falls, Mass. 


Our prices are as follows: Strapped, 
ready for use, by express, at purchas. 
er’s expense, $2.50, or prepaid to any. 
part of the United States, $5.25. Climb. 
ers without straps by express, $1.50, 
prepaid, $2.00. 

FRANK H. LATTIN, 
ALBION. N. ¥ 


— 


THE 


“‘DATAS’ 


IN 


Sree. 


We have just issued a new lot 
of the handiest and best article in 


the Data line ever sent out— 


IT CONSISTS OF 199 OF OUR 


No, 40 Data Blanks 


With Stub Attachment 


perforated, so as Data ean easily 
be torn from_ stub, nicely and 
strongly bound in board covers 
(cheeck-book form). When Data 
is torn from book, there remains 
a 2-in. stub, with blank for writ 
ing the essential parts of the da- 
ta—also for writing, how, when, 
to whom, and for what disposed 
Tf you wish to copy the Data in 
full, you ean do so by writing de- 
scription on back of the stub. 
We give an exact fac-simile of a 
sample Data, with stub on this 
page. 


(If you have once tried a 
sample book, you will use no 
other. 


Sample, 35 cents; 


3 for $1.00; 
10 for $3.00. 


Set of Three Note Books 
in Case each contains 72 pages, 
bound in flexible ‘cloth and set 
comes in a nice colored cloth 
covered case. Wilisend the set 
prepaid. for only 8 ets. 

For any of the above, address, 


Frank H. Lattin, 
Albion, N.Y. 


OOLOGIST. 95 
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96 THE OOLOGIST. 


$2300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Presented during 1893 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readars) of 
THE OOLOGIST. 


Each month during 1898 we shall 
give five prizes. ‘These prizes are to 
be aw: arded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s O6LoGIST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ “Key to North American 


Birds” LE La aA ae ea pee $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘Manual of North 
ANmemi@ena Jews” ss oo ode 00 x0) 
Chamberlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- - 

ogy” (UNA VOSIIS ary rat ae Oe eae 8 00 
Goss’s “Birds of Kansas” 7 50 


Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ 3): ‘Amer- 
TEAM OheinnDr@loayyocasasaso 7 50 


Maynard's" Birds of EasternNorth 

America” (text complete). 15 00 
Webster’s s*“Tuter national Diction- 

ary latest edition: =... =. s- 10 00 
Washington Irving’s Works, 10 

NGOS R ee larsnticce se nen miotmna s 7 50 
Wm. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10 

MOUS eaticla aha a ace ee ore . 10 00 
Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25 


Jenk’s ‘‘Comprehensiv eCommen- 

tary of the Holy Bible” 5 

large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographic Books 


and Publications! ..5.5.. 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 
BN SX eV) Gein omen cae on Rae Nt 6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
anew $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 
abaya Gab oN Sena aks chess ne eae 31 50 
A Due-Rill good jor$33 00towards 
a new$45.00AmericanUnion 
(same as New Home) Sew- : 
aes MENCINT OS So. ocanoenaa 33 00 
A Due- Bill good for$12.00towards 
a new $20 double case Odell 
ADH OS WHMCS So's coo so 12 00 
2nd Prize each month will be a_ part 
of ‘‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,’ each containing an average 
of 8 plates and 340 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 
worth at publisher's original price not 
far from $7 50. 
3d Prize—Brewer's ‘“‘North American 


Odlogy” unbound, no plates, original 
price about $3.00. 
41h Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- 


ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 
ginall) 


5th Prize—Mrs. St John’s 
the Naturalist.” $1.00. 

Each article receiving at least as 
many credits as there are number of 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded a dupli- 
cate of the 5th prize. 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as many eredits as the number of 
Judges and not winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subscrip- 
tion to the OoLoGIsT. 

All Mss. prizes are seut by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which - 
is Shipped at winner’s expense. 

—~<D-8- Sa SS 
You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
jater than April ist. Write on back of 
a postal eard the five articles which yow 
have decided to be the most valuable, 
instructive and interesting in this num- 
ber of O6LOGIST and mail to us. Num- 
ber the articles in the order which you 
think the prizes should be awarded. 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s “Birds of 
Eastern North America’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
and 264 pages, strongly bound in heavy 
manilla covers and at publisher's orig.- 
nal price are worth at least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book “Small 
Talk about Business.” - 

3d A collection of 20 common eggs. 

4th A collection of 16 good minerals. 

5th A 50 cent pkg. of Noveltiés. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
winning articles in theirexact orderand 
not winning one of the five special 
prizes we w ill give a copy of the ‘‘Stand- 
ard Catilogue of North America Birds 
Eggs. 

‘To each Judge namins the prize- 
winning articles but notin their exact 
order and not winniug one of the five 
special prizes we will give wv copy of 
that elegant new Columbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 25 cts.). 

All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail 
prepald. 

Address your decision to 

Frank H. LArrin, 
Albion, N.Y. 


“Audubon 


ENRIRTRA 


S222 RU esesooueoeeeoeo 


Monthly. 


MOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., APRIL, 1893. 


see 
aapaesse 


‘I 
> 
‘2 
P\. 


SCR CE OSE ORR OO Pee eee Oso Re Ee ee eo oo eeeee ese sseseel ees cescegansossoenressoe, 
(ie 7 SUPA 


SY ExaTESSTETOM@O DS 


x 


Oc. per Year. “gy 


CPS 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, “Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50c per 35 words. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 


Word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms, cash with order. 
Strictly irst-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
“D@ALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


Band according to conditions stated thereon. 


DISCONTINUE my Ex. Adv. as I have more 
Birds than I know what to do with. The OoL- 
OGISTis the best Ady. Paper aguing. Long 
May itlive. EH. B. PECK, Cinandaigua, N. Y. 


EXCHANGE. -Four Black Tern skins for 
Common, Arctic, Roseate and Least. First 
class with data given and wanted. E.S. MAC- 
GOWAN, 420 Holly Ave., St. Paul, Minn. 


TO BXCHANGE.—A set of 5 Hairy Wood- 
eckers. with data. for sets or singles of other 
Oealities, write soon. BAYARD RHODES, 
Toulon, Ills. 


COLLECTORS.—I would lke to exchange 
sets with collectors in different parts of Amer- 
ica during the coming season. CLARENCE 
NORTON, New Carlisle, Ind. 


WANTED.—Sets of 144, 201, 300, 310, 315, 405> 
417.420 Will give Sets. Books, Papers, ete. C:- 
BYRON VANDERCOOK, Odin, Ills. 


STAMPS.—Send for best approval sheets at 
83244 per cent com. Address, FRANK H. 
JACKSON, Box |’, Medina, N. Y. 


WANTED.—A light, 12 bore collecting gun. 
Will give in exchange a few books on Natural 
History or will pay cash. FRANK D. WEEKS, 
Dustin Square, Haverhill, Mass. 


FOR every 30c. worth of first-class singles 
hot in my collection | will give 100 best quality 
datis. C. W. WELLS. Atlanta, Ill. 


TO EXCHANGS).—Hegs in sets for old U. S. 
postage stamps, rugs, curiosities, relics, books 
and papers on Ornithology and Oology. Send 
lists with values and receive ours. C. & W. 
STARK, Buffalo, N Y. 


WANTED.—Eggs in sets with full data, can 
Bive 150 varieties stainps and Wood’s Illustra- 
ted Natural History, Mew). GARTH HVER- 
SON, Lake Mills. Wis i 


BOTANISTS A'TTHNTION.—I wish to cor- 
respond with a few collect r’s in the south with 
regard to exChanginyg specimens the com'ng 
season. O. B. COOPER. Coffeyville, Kansas. 


FOSSILS, L. anu I’ \. Shells, marine cur- 
ios to exchange fur same and stamps, papers 
(Philatelic and Natural History), and Youne 
OoLocisr D, H. EATON, 8 Cleveland Ave., 
Woourn, Mass. ; 


FOR EXCHANGE.~—I have 20 copies of the 
OoLOGIstT and fine sets of Hawk's Eggs to ex- 
change for Davie’s Key (larest edition). All 
letters answered. Address, H. O. TROUNCBE, 
14-Collier St., Toronto, Canada. 


BICYCLE.—I will buy or exchange an ordin- 
ary Victor for asa ety or sell ordinary chea 
or I will pay cash difference in exchange. W. 
EK. BRADHPORD, Mayfield. Ky. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Pet Racoon, young. full 
grown, Back numbers of the Youths: Compan- 
ion as far as ’85; Settings of pureibred Brahama 
eggs. Letters answered. LEVERITI SMITH, 
Box 853, Wheaton, Ill. 


WANTED.—A rifle or collecting gun in good 
condition. Will give for same first-class sets, 
domestic or foreign first-class singles or books. 
J. W. HIT, 159 Broadway, Indianapolis, Ind. 


A NICELY MOUNTED Red Squirrel for a 
Davie’s Key, 8d ed. Also want deer antlers 
and little:’gator skins. A, B. FARNHAM, 
Bennings, D. C. 


A FLINT ARROW and fragment of pottery 
from the Indian Mounds in the Scioto Valley, 


ten cents. Helics and Curios, send list of 
wants BARTON WALTERS, Box 295, Circle- 


ville, Ohio. 


SO. CAL. birds eggs in sets and singles to ex- 
change for a shot gun, rifle. or fox traps; state ~ 
all particulars... OTTO J. ZAHN, 427 So. Hope 
st., Los Angeles, Cal. 


SETS OF Tufted Puffin 3-1, Cassin’s Auklet 
10-1, Farallone 4-2 5-3 and Brandt’s Cormorant 
3-2, 4-3, Cala Screech Owl 1-2 1-4, Burrowing Owl 
1-5 1-8, Anna’s Humm-y7 3n-1, Yellow-billed Mag- 
pie 3-3, Little Flycatcher 5-8. Black-headed 
Grosbeak 383 and Russet-backed Thrush <6-3. 
FRED A. SCHNEIDER, College Park, Cala. 


LOOK! LOOK! A collection of Stamps con- 
taining 513 varieties catalogued at over $10, ° 
price only $4.25. Minerals to exchange for eggs, 
GEO. D. FRENCH, Ivoryton, Conn. 


98 THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—An eight 7keyed ebony 
flute in ftme condition (cost eight dollars). 
Wanted; Strictly first-class eastern bird skins 
in pairs, Make anoffer. EDW.G. MERWIN, 
1262 Franklin St.. Oakland, Cal. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Guitar worth $6.50, 12 
humbers of Wide Awake and 800 stamps in JIn- 
ternational album, tor climbers or best offer of 
eggs. Write, CARL H. PLUMB, 1351 Wash- 
ington Ave., Springfield, Mo. 


>FOR SALE.—First-class mounted birds and 
animals of Ohio, Maynard inte changeable shot 
gun and riffe, 15 gauge shot and 40 rifie. 22 tar- 
get Line; 32.5 shot revolver; Bulwer’s complete 
tS) volumes elegantly bound; Polliser’s Modern 
Cottage Hones, with details; Dantes In erno; 
allin Ist class Condition. Ask for price list. 
M. M.COON, Jefferson, Ashtabula Co., Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE.—An 1§89 model, solid tire, 
Singer safety bicycle in good condition. Cost 
$135. For first-class eggs, skins. ornithological 
works. taxidermist instruments or cash. Will 
take $35. GHORGEH B. HATCH, 121 Elm St., 
New Haven, Ct. 


WANTED.—Postage stamps,- South or Cen- 
tral American or aby not in my collection. 
Will give stamps, old U. S. postal cards or a 
photograph of eclipse on sun last November for 
every 25 cts. worth. WALTER G..MANSUR, 
Pittsfield, Maine. 


TO EXCHANGE —3U0 cigarette pictures, 
Shark’s teeth (very rare), piece ot Indian pot- 
tery and miscellaneou-~ relics, for first-class 
eggs, Singles. Lists exchanged. C. M. CARY, 
181 W. 185 St., New York City. 


CHCROPIA coccoons, cash price 2e. a piece. 
Exchange price 8 cts. a piece.for climbers,eggs, 
printing press, back OOL G'sfs, fishing pole, 
books on Oology or Taxidermy. fishing tacicle. 
Oologist’s tools, fiield glass.taxiderm st’s tools. 
microscope. good books, etg.. Have also a few 
felea and vromethca. LEROY KING 30: Forest 
West, Detroit. Mich. 


TO EXCHANGE. —A few specimens of the 
Goniatitus cornatus and Spirifer mucronatus of 
fossils of the Carboniferous period. I will give 
one specimen of either Coke, Quartzite, Milky 
Quartz Quartz Crystals. Pet. Moss, or esn- 
glomerate (siliceous or calcareous). for every 
perfect arrow head sent me. LESLIE V. CASE, 
Naples, N. Y. 


I HAVE a quantity of duplicate singles on 
hand to close them out this month I will sell 
very cheap. if you want anything in this line it 
will pay you to send for list. Tanning liquid 
oy per quart. J. HE. HOUSEMAN, Aylmer, 

nt. 


A WORKING MODEL ofa high speed steam 
engine, 1 in. bore; a lz gauge Dickerman ham- 
merless. siugle bbl. shot gun; set of taxider- 
mist tools; a 31 cal. Colt powder and ball revol- 
ver; an inductive coil; 2 electric bells; a set of 
boxing gloves and a box of fine water colors. 
Allin good condition For a double barrelled 
breech loading shot gun in good condition. J. 
HARMANUS. FISHER, Ue, 1225. N.Calvert St.. 
Baltimore, Md. 


CIGARS.—Want you to try my celebrated 


cigars. Send Stamp for price list of samples. 
Address. G. W. WALTON, .Postmaster, Fl- 
mouth, Pa, A3t. 


T HAVE disnosed of a fine lotof eggs through 
the ex. notice in the OoLocist. THEO MIL- 
LER, Lancaster. C. H.. Va. 


WANTED.—‘‘Davie’s Eegs,” for stamps ang 
standard books and magazmes. STEPHEN J. 
ADAMS, Courish. Maine. 


I WANT skins of Carolina Parakeet and Pas~ 
sanger Pigeon, also a ftne pair of antelope (A. 
americand) horns attached to skull, and head. 
of American Bison. Write, state lowest cash, 
or exehange price. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al- 
bion, N. Y. 


WANTED —Fossils and Minerals, only fine 
cabinet specimens desired. Have to ex hange 
for the above a fine 22 cal. Merlin rifle, fire 
ebony piccolo German silver trimmed. old vio- 
lin all fit‘ed up ready to play on, Clark’s Lon- 
don flute and a number of first-class eggs ot the 
more common species in complete sets with 
full data. will possibly pay some cash for very 
desirable specimens. Full deseription of any 
of the above for 2c. stamp. P.P. NORRIS, L. 
Box 99. North Topeka. Kans. 


1 HAVE a tew fine clutches of the following, 
I wish to clear out before Il leave for a seasons, 
collecting in Northwest Canada: Red-breasted 
Merganser 15 cts. per egg. Ruddy Duck 25, Red- 
headed 1%c.. Eider Duck 18¢c.. Mallard 10c., En- 
glish T2al 12¢c.. Hariequin Duck 50c., Booby 65c.,. 
Man-of-war Bird 7hc.. Ring-billed Gull 15e.. 
Arctic Tern 6c.. Gannet 20c.. Fulmar 25c., Avo-~ 
cet dhe.. Curlew 25c.. Skylark 5c.. Lapland Long-. 
spur 30c.. McCown’s Longspur 50c.. Bartram’s 
Sandpiper 30c.. Spoonhill 30c., Red-throated 
Diver 25c.. Golden Kinglet 18e. &c. Order at 
once as I le:ve May 1st for-Northwest Canada. 
W. RAINE. 1%1 Bleeker St. Toronto, Canada. 


THE MARYLAND Academy of Sciences: 
through the ornithologic:l section is desirous 
of getting up an annotated list of the birds of 
the State of Maryland. To make this perfect 
corresnondence is solicited srom every bird ob- 
server in the state. F.C. KIRKWOOD. Chair-~ 
man Ornithological Section. Md. Acadamy of 
Science. P: O: Box: 364. Baltimore, Md. 


LOOK.—I wish to obtain first-class sets of 
Hawks, Warblers. Scarlet, Gray's. Cooper’s and 
Summer Tanagers, American and Northern 
Ravens, Fish Crow, Northern Phalarope and 
Cranes. I will pay cash for a»ove or give good 
exchange in Indian relics. polished and unpol- 
ished agates. gvpsum. tiger eye, ete., spar jew- 
elry. moccasins, small steam engine, scrolk 
saw and lathe with or without water motor and 
desirable sets. I also have two cameras for 
sale, one size 61% by 23s with tripod and outfit, 
and ‘a detective camera with fine lens plate 
holders and outfit. will sell cheap. write for 
prices. I will pay good cash prices for sets of 
Wandering and Yellow-nosed Albatrosses. 
Parties haying any of above for sale or ex~ 
cbange please. send list to H. W ISAACS, 
Prospect House. Niagara Falls. N. Y. 


EXCHANGE.— First-class eggs original sets, 
and full data (A. O. U. No’s). Bridled Tern 1-1, 
Noddy Tern 1-1. Sooty Tern 1-1. Arctic Tern 1-3, 
Black Term 1 213. Ccmmcn Tern 1-2, Gt. Blue 
Heron®!-3. Red-tailed Hawk 1-2 1-3. Red-sheuld~ 
ered Hawk 1-2.1-? 1-4, Am. Sparrow Hawk 1-4, 
Turkey Buzzard 1-2. Am. Long-eared Ow] 1-4 
1-5. Texas Screech Owl 1-2. Barred Ow! 1-2. 1-3, 
Timpkin 1-6. Sora Rail 1-8 1-6. Virginia Rail 1-6, 
Am. Coot 1-6 1-8. Florida Gallinulel-6 1-7 1-8 1- 0, 
Least Rittern 1-4 1-5 1-6. Leach’s Petrel 1-1, 
Cactus Wren 1-4. Long-hilled Marsh Wren 1-4 
1-5 1-6. Bi-colored Blackbird 1-4. Yellow-headed 
Blackbird 1-4 -5 “-]. Cliff Swallow 1-! 1-5 1-6. 
Meadow Lark 1-4 1-5. Bob White 1-8 1-10. Willow- 
Ptarmigan 1-8. Murre 1-1, Mocking Bird 1-8, 
Pied-billed Grebe 1-6. CHAS M. ELDREDGR 
314 Chamber of Commerce, Chicago. 


THE OOLOGIST. 99 


FOR SALE.—A fine collection of first-clas 
egesin sets with data. Both common and rare, 
Will sell for half price. Send tor my list. 
CHAS. H. CULP, Gilroy, Santa Clara Co., Cal- 
ifornia. 


~ COCOONS and chrysalldes aliveand healthy 
for mounted Zpiedoptert or I will give mount- 
ed specimens of foreign or domestic for good 
cocoons. Correspondence with collectors sol- 
icited. R. P. FROELICH, 1437 Lex. Ave., New 
York City. 


FOR SALE CHEAP. A fewtirst-class skins 
of Avocet, Wilson’s Phalarope, Sanderling, 
Franklin’s Gull, Longspur, Snow Buntings, 
Pine and Evening Grosoeaks, Redpole.Marbled 
Godw.it Woodpeckers. Rare Warbiers.&¢,.send 
for list. W. RAINE, Bleeker St., Toronto, Can. 


NOVELTY PRINTING PRESS. Chase in- 
side 7x10 in., hand inker’and foot pressure, cost 
$22, in good order, price #8. Also one Model 
Press, hand inker and press, 5xi'4 In., $10, it is 
perfect. C. S. CURTIS, Kane, Pa, 


WANTED. To exchange, eggs in sets, min- 
erals, fossils. land and fresh water shells and 
bird skins for mounted birds and mammals. 
THOS.S. HILL, Knoxville, Iowa. 


CURIOSITIES, “Birds Through an Opera 
Glass,” 3 vols. OOLOGIST and Fox Hound Pup, 
for Bird or Mammal skins. GHO. F. GUELP, 
Brockport, N. Y. 


EXCHANGE. —289 stamps and album for best 
offer. C. F. WESTMAN. 175 King St., E. Tor- 
onto. Ont. 


WILL COLLECT eggs of Cal. Murre in 
quantity this season. Can furnish A No. 1 well 
selected series at a very low cash price. Eggs 
shipped by express prepaid. WILFRED H. 
OSGOOD, San Jose, Cal. 


COLLECTORS who wish any live striped or 
gray Gophers, Franklin’s Rosy Gull skins. 
write card for particulars. Catlinite or Pipe- 
stem exchanged for any specimens 15c. per 1b. 
Want Hummingbird skins, first-class shells cor- 
als, fossils, polished agates.eggs, Skins, arrow 
and spear heads. A. D. BROWN, Pipestone, 
Minn. 


TO EXCHANGE. Mandolin value $11, set of 
3 oz. boxing gloves, most new, value $5. for tax- 
idermist’s tools and sets of eggs not in my col- 
lection. HARRY SMITH, 2lY Capivol Ave., 
Lansing, Mich. 


WANTED.—Coniplete tiles of periodical pub- 
lications on oology and ornithology, especially 
amateur journals. EDGAR A. MEARNS, 
Fort Clark, Brackettsville. Tex. 


COINS WANTED.—If you have any rare 
coins of the United States or coims of any de- 
scription of other countries. address BRICK 
PIHW RCH, Pipestone, Miin., stating prices, ete. 
Correspondence solicited. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Richmond tennis racket, 
(value ¥.50) and small block plane (value 1.00), 
both are in good condition. for climbers with 
straps. All answered. BRACE & HUNTER, 
923 Bayless Ave., St. Anthony Pk., Miunesota. 


WANTED.—Smith & Wesson 32 Cal. Revol- 
ver, Double Action, Loading Tools and pair of 
Climbers. Have to exchange Tenor Horn, al- 
most new, cost $18, Back No’s of OOLOGIST, a 
few sels and several other articles, to exchange 
forsets. HAWLEY HALL, Lewisville, Ind. 


TO EXCHANGE.—First-class singles. No’s. 
Ride 115 (two). 128 (two), 135, 242, 278b, 
Oi ATO at Standard catalogue 
.50 worth of sets (Osprey 
ta. H. GORDON BALL, 


HAVE YOU GOT THEM? I want many 
common water and western birds eggs iu first- 
class sets with full data. Good opera aud 
field glasses, linen bound trays and Indiana 
correspondents. I Will give O and O papers, 
eges in sets and cash In exchange. FOSTER 
MARIS, Bloomingdale, Indiana. 


I HAVE a collection of eggs in sets and sin- 
gles with data valued at #40. Sell for $15, cash 
acccmpanies order; 90 varieties. C. EH. JAMES, 
Monterey, Calif. 


WANTED.—A good collecting gun, dectective 
camera and hunting knife, can offer rare birds 
egzs, skins. books and part cash. W. RAINH, 
Toronto, Ont. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Good datas at 15c. per 1v0 
for any Ist class eggs, except most common. 
Sets with data preferred; at Standard prices. 
CHAS. A. WILLIAMS, Coralville, Johnson 
Co.. Iowa. 


EXCHANGE NOTICH.—Have one tennis net: 
two balls and one racket. together with direc- 
tions. Will exchange for single barrel shot 
gun, 16 or 20 guage with set of loading tools. 
Will sell for $5. R.C. KLINE, 5 Standish St., 
Dorchester, Mass. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—I will collect fine Cal. 
sets with nests if desired. Collected by myself 
and posit:vely identified. Thurber’s Juco, 
Louisiana Tanager, Swainson’s Hawk, Costas, 
Black-chinned, Auna’s Hummers. Least Vireo, 
Cal.“Screech Owl and many others. Desirable 
ape wanted. RALPH ARNOLD, Pasadena, 

al. A3t 


. coral (acerleama)) 
geodes containing qttartz crystals (light and 
dark) to exchange for Indian relics and miner- 
als. HERBERT DUNN, Hooposton, Vermil- 
lion Co., Ills. 


LOOK.—I have a new pair of bicycle pants, a. 
good lancewo':d rod and multiplying reel, a 
good collecting gun and a large lot of bird skins 
that I willexchange for old U. S. coins and 
foreign coins of any date. I would also like 
dealers tosend me their catalogues of coins. 
W.R. BIRD, Mason City, Iowa. 


I AM GLAD to see the OOLOGIS’ improving: 
Would try to get more subscrinvers but almost 
every collector I know already takes it. rom my 
last ad. in the exchange column I exchanged over 
105 sets, besides a number of singles. With best 
wishes for the future I remain, KDWARD 
WALL. San Bernardino. Calif. 


WANTED.—Fine skins of Warblers in any 
quantity. Have for exchange, eggs, minerals, 
avers or curios. WALTER EF. WEBB, Geneva, 


WANTED.—Copies of Pacifie R. R. Survey 
Vol. TX. Coues’ Key. Ridgway’s Manual or 
any Government Report concerning birds «te. 
Write terms. EH. F. MURCH, Box 298 Ells- 
worth, Me. 


TO FXCHANGE.—125 different U.S. .250 for- 
eign stamps, and 175 cigarette pictures (his. 
tories, Coins. etc.) for best offer of eggs in sin- 
gles. Prefer large ones. CURTIS WRIGHT 
Jr.. Carthage, Mo. 


199 . - 'THE OOLOGIST. 


WANTED.—Skins of birds or mammals in 
any quantity, have to offer, fine specimens of 
eggs, or most anything desired. Send full lists. 
WALTER F. WEBB, Geneva, N. Y. 


WANTED.—The one, two, three, four and 
five dollar used Columbian Stamps present is- 
sue. Willgive Fractional Currency,C lumbian 
Half Dollars or pay cash for same. A'so other 
values except the tirst five. PERRY MARKS, 
Corn Exchange Bank, N. Y. City. 


FOR SALE,—26 First-class Bird Skins with 
data. For best cash offer or best offer of first- 
class eggs, by May Ist. For lists of skins ad- 
dress E. B. SCHRAGE, Pontiac, Mich. 


EXCHANGE.— Wish to exchange foreign and 
domestic stamps for same w th every collector 
in U. S. Alsoeggs for stamps. State size of 
collection, Every answer brings 25 Chinese 
napkins free. ‘Star,’ Decoto, Cal. 


WANTED.—Taxidermist tools, in exchange 
for which I have back numbers of the OOLOGIS2, 
‘“Manton’s Taxidermy ’’ and a few eggs in sets. 
CADIN BURDICK, Lake City, Minn. ; 


WANTED.—Books on American Fungi state 
condition, description and lowest cash and ex- 
change price. Printing Press 6x4 with type. 
magazines hand scroll saw. and afew eggs for 
Sale or exchange, allanswered. D.T. KISSAM, 
54 Sterling Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Magazines and books on Nat- 
ural History. The correspondence ofall intere- 
sted in Natural History, send lists and receive 
mine. A. A. MCDOLE, Howard, Kans, 


FOR SALE.—One collection old coins, paper 
money, &c.; one collection postage stamps; one 
collection of arrow points, celts hammers, 
drills ornaments, a fine assortment; one collec- 
tion of odds and ends, gathered from all over 
the world, mounted birds. rare woods. relics of 
famous places and disasters, war relics, Indian 
bows, buckskin coats, hats, horns,bones. shells. 
ores, &¢€. Will sell any one line or all thit I 
have, will trade for stock of goods or real estate 
but prefer party to come and see them and will 


sell very reasonable for cash. For particulars « 


write to B. B. PHILLIPS, Cuyahoga Falls, “O. 


I HAVE some nice sets of Hagles, Hawks, 
Owls etc.,for sale cheap with full date. send for 
list. G. F. DIPPIE 324 George St., Toronto 
Can. 


TO EXCHANGE.— Fine Bird skins from Scan- 
dinavia to exchange for skins and eggs notin 
my collection. J. CLAIRE WOOD, 1u4 Abbott 
St., Detroit,Michigan. 


FOR SALE.—A Hawkeye detective camera 
Leather ‘covered. with piate holder and roll 
holder complete, holding films for 1U0 pictures 
all in good condi ion cost new $28.00 will sell 
for $12.00.a 38 Winchester repeating rifle, 16 
shot, cost New $16 50 will sell for $1U.00. Is in 

erfect condition: will throw in 100 shells cost 
1.50. A. H. PHILLIPS, Lawrenceville, N. J. 


DEAR SIR:—I enclose herewith ‘‘copy”’ for 
an exchange notice which I would like to have 
inserted in next issue of the OoroGisT. I en- 
close herewith in payment for same 70c. in 
stamps. I find that an exchange or want no- 
tice in your magazine always brings more re- 

lies than from any paper I’ve ever tried. - 
ers truly, THAD. SURBER, White Sulphur 


' Springs, W. Va. 


Great Remoyal Sale! 


Collectors here is your chance to get eggs at 
a low figure. 


I have made arrangements whereby I shall move into larger and 
more commodious quarters, and in order to reduce my stock to the 
lowest possible notch, would request that all collectors send for my 
April list, which will contain nearly 600 species. 

I have also added largely to my stock since March list was issued, 
and am already receiving nice invoices of 1893 collected eggs, such 


as Caracaras, Harris Hawks, White-tatled Hawks, 


Horned Owls, etc., etc. 


Western Great 


I can present the largest assortment of single eggs of any dealer 


in the country. 


Send for list and you will be convinced. 


Address, 


WALTER 1. WEBB. Gene, N16 


THE OOLOGIST. cof 


THE OOLOCIST. : 


VOL. X. ALBION, .N. Yi, _APRIL, 1998. | od alwe) O, 4 
The Raptores of Michigan. (The Pigeon, Hawk is embraced, by 
BY SCOLOPAX. nearly all lists but is considered. rare 


Perhaps some of the regular readers by all but one authority, who says 
-‘of the ObLOGIST may recall that began | “‘Ccommon migrant.” Professor J. B. 
‘an annotated catalogue of therapacious | Steere of Ann Arbor says the bird 
‘Pirds of Michigan. At that time March breeds in, Michigan, but, this assertion 

1889, I wrote ofsix species of hawks, has as yet been unsubstantiated. Still 
‘the list being discontinued the follow- the species may nest north of 45 de. 
ing month. It isnow my intention to grees North latitude but as yet I pre- 
go on with this list’ of Michigan ftap- ~ fer to call it a rare transient. 
tores and complete my notes. RICHARDSON’s MERLIN, ale richard- 
Duck Hawk, Falco peregrinus ana-  sonts.. This, bird was taken in, the 
tum. This darling falcon’ was’ first ~ State by the Reverend, Charles Fox, as 
‘técorded’ aS a Michigan’ ‘species,’ ‘by  Vepovted in the appendix of Ridgeway’s 
Sager im his pioneer list’ of 1839.’ Tt'has | Birds of Illinois. I) know nothing 
since béen listed by ‘Dr. Miles ‘inthe | about the) speeies and will embrace it 
State Geological Survey, 1860; Cabot’s #8 an accidental visitor. 
Birds of Lake Superior, 1850; Boies’s AMERICAN, SPARROW, Hawk, Falco 
list of birds of Southern “Michigan, sparverius. Quite a common, summer 
4875; and by all ‘ofthe more’recent 'vesident, arriving, trom the south, in 
Fists. Steere in his list, ‘Migratiow of » April and, departing in October.) It is 
‘Michigan Birds, gives’ this ‘bird as “>a lively, interesting }ird and generally 
breeding in’ the state’ but doesnot” quite well known ,to .country,.people. 
“substantiate it with ‘any notes’ what- Ibis) never abundant, sand. cannot, be 
Be ot yor compared.to, the, Red-tailed, Hawks in 
The best supposition’ regarding’ this Pomt of numbers, but as if, lives 
“Species, is probably to emibradée it ay an“! moreiing thei ;epen), than,);the,Buteos 
occasional straggler: but it may | éven- “it! is’ scorrespontingly -oftener «seen 
“tially prove to” breed ‘iu some ‘sections! “ut-elose'quartersii tis qnite imiswspi- 


“as it-is’a Breat Wanderer! '' Vis 4 ejousswhen reared iu al-loeality:avhere 
“18 Me Mississippr Kritn, Zetéinidntiss- 0% G& unmolested saad often’ énivins 
““issippiensis, tnd \4YREALCON, Falcoorus- perched ou theifencé ror ideaddlimb! at 


ticolus yryfales, ave both’ embraceéd in 2ctheside of the trdaidvasiacteannpassesby. 
‘Tists of Michigan’ birds; but enough of > Fie Sparrow’Hawkiprefersia:ddaddimb 
evidence has ‘not’yet~ been ‘adduced to fora perch and will-ly: mdny rods! out 
‘* convince: me! of their pean ty as® SNe its route incorderitersettle on aj dead 
B pitds of Gurstate: aio x : trée. .Ttimuchimove.often sits on a rail 
oa Picton HAwx,’ Falto ‘columbarius 9“ itemed) ov stubp ind a qpartiallyo cleared 
ETS 15) the true Pigeon Hawk, although)’ eountry, and willupreferablyalight« on 
' ‘the! Spartow Hawk/as Wellas‘the Sharp-!0 othe ground! omaihouse oribarn thaniin a 
shinned Hawk ar el Gften tmproperly 2! fully he itreey OW hen! iti perches, 
Mdailed! Pigé 6n Hawk. CEETES 's6thiéwhat! 14e-eloseSlits. wings so!quicklythatiitiis a 
wifes than ‘the Sparrow" Hawk) “and! /ccausel of Worderment toothevobserver. 
au ‘though: (uite Similar in ‘flight and-other*"/4oAsthisiinteresting little: :bird)aawar- 
movements, is readily identitied ata iably lays its eggs in a cavity of a dead 
considerable distance. tree, so far as the observations of Mieh. 


iO 


102 


igan collectors go, it follows that the 
species infest those quarters where it 
may find suitable sites for rearing 
young. Itis therefore unusual for a 
Sparrow Hawk to be seen in a well peo- 
pled district and where there are no 
dead trees, and I believe that the birds 
are also scarce in unbroken districts, 
where the woodman’s axe has not left 
its work. At best this is my conclusion. 

About May first, one will see a pair 
of birds hovering over and about an old 
stub, or the limb of a girdled tree. In- 
spection will show that the Woodpeck- 
ers have about riddled portions of the 
trunk and larger limbs. The Hawks 
are particularly attentive to a large 
opening, generally the former home of 
a pair of Flickers, or it often happens 
that a natural hollow is found, exposed 
through the breaking off of a limb. 
After years of exposure to the weather 
and long, long after the Woodpeckers 
have sought other and more solid trees, 
in which to drill their nests, the Spar- 
row Hawks move into the premises. 
It is usual for the pair to carry out more 

or less rubbish in the shape of rotten 
accumulations, and perhaps the litter 
and shucks of some miserly red squir- 
rel’s hoard may have pattially filled the 
cavity. 

Soon the devoted actions of the birds 
convinces us that the eggs are being 
laid, a matter in which we are assured 
after witnessing the periodical absences 
of the female. Then we decide to col- 
lect that set, and with climbers in hand 
and in company with two or three egg- 
crank companions, a swoop is made on 
the base of that stub. But the swoop 
stops as soon as the most anxions one 
gets a few feet above the base, and as 
the top of the s_ub is seen to quiver like 
an aspen, the enthusiastic odlogist scut- 
tles down and proclaims that it is not 
right for him to go up, and that the 
right way is to draw cuts. The second 
one thereupon makes a bold bluff, but 
as Soon as the seeming lofty top begins 


THE OOLOGIST. 


to weave about, he descends to terra 

Jirma with alacrity, and confidently as- 

serts that he is sure “‘the eggs haint all 

laid yet.” The result is that the Spar- 
row Hawk nests in peace, unless some 
envious boy brings his blunderbus to 
bear on one of the old birds, as it perch- 
es near its eggs, or perhaps the wind 
brings down the old stub, thus expos- 

ing demolished home and broken egg 

shells. It is always dangerous to at- 
tempt to secure a set of these eggs, but 
it is not rarely done by zealous collect- 

ors, who lack wisdom in their anxiety 
to supplant a rival in the possession. of 
the generally oddly marked eggs. 

I have examined but very few nests 
throughly, though I have vainly speeu- 
lated upon the interior many times. 
Very few persons have collected many 
sets of Sparrow Hawk’s eggs, and sev- 
eral of my fellow collectors whose col- 
lections embrace scores of sets of sever- ° 
al species of Hawks, have but a poor 
showing with this bird’s eggs. Six sets 
of eggs is the greatest number in any 
collection in this county. The cavity 
selected by the Sparrow Hawk is from 
one to three feet deep, and the entrance 
is from a size of a Flicker’s hole to sey- 
en or eight inches across. The eggs 
are laid as with the Woodpeckers on 
the bare bottom or perhaps a few chips 
or parcels of decayed wood. 

Five eggs is the usual number, though 
six are not rarely found in a setting. 
The shades and grades of marking are _ 
so various that a page might be occup- 
ied in properly describiug them. 

I believe this to be a beneficial species 
of Falcon, as its food largely consists of 
the injurious meadow mice, arvicola, as 
well as grasshoppers in season. Itis a 
beautiful little bird, and Ido not know 
of another species of the family which 
can compare with it in coloration, or in 
elegance of form. 

RED-TAILED HAWK OR BUZZARD, 
Buteo borealis. ‘This is our larg- 
est summer visitor among the 


THE OOLOGIST. 108 


Hawks, although the Rough-leg 
which is merely a transient is  sligh.- 
ly larger, The Red-tail arrive in Feb- 
ruary and they are here in full force 
by the first of March. The birds ap- 
pear to be mated before their arrival 
and are therefore ready to enter at once 
upon nesting duties. I feel well satis- 
fied that the same birds consort year 
after year, and believe that this feature 
obtains in the case of all birds of prey. 
There is more or less soaring and 
sereaming done by the birds soon after 
their arrival, but this seems simply a 
seasonal feature, and in a week or so 
it is over and the eyries are taken 
possession of by their old occupants. 
That the nests are occupied year after 
year seems almost incontrovertible. 
There are several evidences which 
point to this, the strongest of which is 
that feature of proof first suggested by 
Mr. B. F. Syke of Kalamazoo. Heis a 
first-class collector of Hawks’ eggs, and 
in his annual raid on the Buteos’ nests, 
discovered that the females usually 
laid eggs which were colored and 
marked much the same from year to 
year. In several instances where eggs 
were found which were nearly without 
marks, strongly and again peculiarly 
marked, observations were taken and 
the following season the set in the iden- 
tical nest would be found to possess 
the characteristic markings as of old. 
The same feature has been repeatedly 
observed by others in souchern- Mich- 
igan, and Mr. Willhelm has studied the 
eggs so carefully that in the case of one 
pair of Hawks, which he robbed, and 
which then left the nest, he identified 
the original pair of birds by the eggs 
in the second nest which he found a 
half-mile from the first, and nearly a 
month later. 

In the case of those birds which have 
an old nesting site, tbe additional mater- 
ial required to repair it for the season 
is but slight, and requires but a very 
few days, The nests which are occu- 


pied from year to year, are often very 
bulky affairs and may reach a diameter 
of twenty-eight inches or even more, 
while from top to bottom they are 
sometimes all of twenty-four inches, 
It takes quite ten days for a pair of 
Hawks to build a new nest and I have 
known a pair which had been robbed 


and driven away to occupy fully two 


weeks in finishing a new nest. Some 
birds build a large structure and again 
a nest will be found which is less than 
half the usual size. 

The nests are nearly always placed 
in some large crotch, often the main 
one, in white or black oaks, more often 
the former, but are rarely found in 
hickory trees. Still 1 have known’ this 
buzzard to build in a shag-bark hickory. 
On lower land the favorite tree is the — 
beech, but not rarely an ash, elm, 
maple or basswood is chosen. We 
found one nest in a giant sycamore, in | 
which were several nests of the Great 
Blue Heron. The~ Hawk evidently | 
made their selection a matter of con- — 
venience in order to feed on the young 
Herons. Gigantic timber oaks are 
sometimes selected, and these trees 
very often prove too massive for some 
oologists to shin. 

The nests are composed largely of 
sticks often quite an inch in diameter 
and over two feet long: Smaller sticks 
and twigs are placed above and the 
whole is more or less mixed in with 
pieces of bark and weed stalks. I have 
found tussocks of grass in the mass and 
once found an old mullein stalk in the 
structure This pile is dislodged by 
the hand quite easily, but it presents an 
impervious barrier from the ground to 
the shot gun, and fifty charges fired 
into it would not materially phase it. 

On the top of this oddly shaded nest 
is a Shallow depression which is gener- 
ally scantily lined with inner bark 
strippings, and occasionally with dry 
green moss. This faint hollow gener- 
ally contains two eggs for a complete 


Ae 


:} ‘years. 


~ereptiles. : 


104 We 
set, butiin about.one case eut, of. ten 
there:are found three .eggs, .but. never 
more. In one.case in about every 
thirty, there is a single, incubated) egg, 
showing that to,be the limit, of the 
‘cluteh, but it is fair to infer that. this 
single sgg is the result of a second at- 
tempt and after the first nest was rob- 
bed. 
\ The eggs average considerable larger 
“than the next species, and can general- 
ly be distinguished from them, both in 
size and by coloration, but both of 

‘these means of identity often fail, and 
| Thave repeatedly seen eggs of the Red- 
shouldered Hawk as large or slightly 
larger than small eggs of this Hawk. 

. Hundreds of sets of eggs of this 
species and the following, have been 
taken by egg ccllectors in this, and, ad- 
joining counties, within the last fifteen 
There’are many eyries within 
three miles of the. city of Kalamazoo 
ef 20,000 inhabitants, which are still 
flourishing as egg ‘producers, which 
nave: been known and. robbed off, and 
‘om for years. .I feel safe in saying, that 


there are five hundred Bwteos’ eggs now 


-eontained in: collections, in this county. 
Now adding the hundreds which have 
exchanged, sold and,, destroyed, and 
‘wemay possibly,realize the extent of 
the dnroad made on the Hawks in, this 
cone neighborhood, Still adding to, this 


“ithelarge numberof young birds which 
‘Jare annually thrown from, the, nest, .to- 


gether. with thelist of adult birds, which 


Hiarevshot,: by; sportsmen, and, eyeyyone 
srelse who can:take;aim and pull, a.,trig- 


(ger and if seems a wonder that, there 


ware any:Hawks left in this quarter.,, 


| iIuewme say afewsmore words,,ywhile 


woh thesubjectiof Hawks, ,,.Last.fall, we , 


had:a:iside:hunt, for game, destroyers, 


i with aregulan schedule of counts per 
ceapita fonour aanual game, supper. I. 
‘iwas made judge, andj in;imy, capacity, 
siinspeoted adsouderof s9,,so-called,.var- 
omintsernibracing mammals, birds,.and .. 
Hawks durnished the, highest _ 


Uy EHE OOLOGIST. 


~ Score, of-all, and in the, Tppee numberjef 
scalps _ examined I identified | Seven 
species as follows: Red- -shouldergd; 
Red-tailed; Cooper’s; Sparrow; Magph 
Sharp-shinned and. Broad- winged. 
hardly seems possible that this on 
family of birds could‘ survive ‘such per: 
secutions, but therecis, to me, no, ap: 
parent difference in their numbers, and 
this spring it will be as easy as ever, to 
find he nests and hear the scr-e-e- -e ‘ot 
the Red-tail, the ka-whee of the Red. 
shouldered and the chatter of the Coop: 
CRISE yee aoe Goo ROU ee A 

Just how early theRed-tail sometimes 

lays its eggs,it is as yet undecided, but I 
have known of nests robbed the first 
week in Mareh which contained incubat- 
ed eggs. About March twenty- -fifth, ig 
the, best time for collecting, but one ‘gan 
not begin too early to locate the nests 


f1({C 
and watch the birds. I have seen nests 


-robbed as late as. May twentieth put 


these rare instances only occur when 
the early nesting has been interr upted, 
That this is the case, is well shown. ‘py , 
the fact that late May nests nearly al« 
ways contain a single ess. 

The first set of Hawks’ eges that I 
secured were of this species and Th ‘shall 
never forget how proud I was of “amy 
prowess in the undertaking T hat. was 
long before climbing-irons were adi opts 
edin this neighborhood, and the un ere 

taking was in no manner a “pple 
matter. The day. happened to be 

day, though I did not usually coll oy on 
that,day. In order to save my Sun ay 
breeches, and a good scolding, Id iy ‘este 
ed my, self. of my. outer garments, ‘and 
shinned np that: huge and lofty, ANE ack 
mek A jn my underclothes, The act, ) was 
a, success in cne way—that i is at s: seured 
the eggs, but my scanty raiment , WAS 
more scanty as a result of, the rise. and | 
slide-down on that cruelly ‘rough, ark, 
Many : By flake. of skin w as, Jost, dn, the 
effort, . whilst 1 shivered, in t e jcold 
April wind, But never ‘mind—I sue. 


ceeded. Twas long ago, but is have, the 
eggs yet. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Collector's Gun 

Under the heading, “A Field Natura- 
list’s Outfit,’ the writer describes among 
necessary articles his gun and attach- 
ments, and asit has been more than 
16 years since I was a beginner at the 
collecting of eggs, mammals and birds 
it may not be presumption on my part 
if I describe a part of my collecting 
outfit which to my mind seem superior 
to any heretofore described in your 
Valuable paper. For this locality 
at least a rifle is of little use in secur- 
ing game to say nothing of the damage 


done to specimens by the whirling ~ 


motion of the bullets. 

Hunters prefer shotguns to rifles 
because game is seldom seen at long 
range. Bears are usually trapped and 
killed with a charge of shot in the head 


at-close quarters: if pursued bruin 
will rush away through briars and 


Swamps where dogs can scarcely follow 
the thorns seeming only to comb his coat 
of jet. Large shot is sure enough for 
deer so what use of arifle barrel here? 
‘ ITsee no use of anything more than a 
good killing breech loading shot gun 
and an insertion barrel. The Jatter 
can be made by any practical gun- 
smith. One whichI have used for 8 
years with the utmost satisfaction is of 
the following description. 

Length 8 inches, bored to receive 82 
ealibre winchester cartridges, is not 
chambered but tapers gradually from 
breech to muzzle, the latter being the 
Same diameter as the wads which snug- 
ly fitthe shells. A band 4 inch long is 
shrunk around the muzzle to make it 
fit the gun barrel and another band 14 
inches long is shrunk on the breech end 
anda rim is made on it when it was 
finished in the lathe so that it fits the 
gun just the same as a paper shot shell. 
Room is made for the head or rim of 
the cartridge to sink in even with the 
breech end of the barrel, and a square 
notch ismade on one side deep enough 


105 


to allow the use of a small chisel-like 
instrument to extract the shells. The 
shells I use are the common 82 calibre 
winchester amunition. I pulled out 
the bullets with pinchers, and a few 
shots expands the bottle-necked portion 
of the shell so that it is all the same 
size. I punch out the exploded caps 
with a piece of pointed steel wire and a 
light hammer, and to seat the new 
primer I stand the muzzle end of the 
shell upon any smooth metal surface 
and give the cap a few light blows with 
the same hammer. These shells are 
very durable and will stand thousands 
of shots before they wear out. What I 
use were bought in 1885 and all have 
been fired many hundreds of times and 
except for blackness seem none the 
worserof wear. My wad cutterisa 
hollow belt punch of the proper size. 
For amunition measure I use a 382 
calibre short Smith aud Wesson centre 
fire shell, I drilled a hole through the 
exploded cap and fixed ina wire fora 
handle and when heaped full of powder 
and level full of shot is a proper load, 
and there is 800 charges of powder and 
125 of shot in a pound of either. 

High priced coarse grained powders 
are of no use in these shells, the fine grain- 


ed cheap grades, or the quickest wood 


powder are all right. One wad on 
powder and one on shot is [all use. 
With fine quick powder and No. 10 
shot. I have killed such birds as 
Tanagers, Grosbeaks, Jays, etc. at the 
height of over 75 feet and bave secured 
many warblers at the same height with 
dust shot. The pattern and penetration 
of this little barrel is wonderful, for 
destroying such vermin as the English 
Sparrow, Chipmonks, Squirrels, ete. it 
has no equal, for it is nearly sure death 
to them and does not make much noise ~ 
and uses the least amunition of any 
effective gun using powder and shot. 
For the collector of birds nothing can 
surpass it, in either utility or economy. 
With one of these insertion barrels a 


THE OOLOGIST. 


man can hunt prepared for any size of 
game, because it can be carried in a 
' pocket or other convenient place and a 
cartridge withdrawn from the gun and 
the barrel inserted at any moment 
necessary, or if small birds are princi- 
pally desired, it may remain in the gun 
and the other gunbarrel may be kept 
loaded for something larger. Hoping 
that what I have written may be found 
of advantage to those who delight in 
studying and gathering specimens. I 
close with afew suggestions to H. H. 
D., Phenix, Ariz. who wants informa- 
tion upon collecting eggsfrom nests in 
the giant cacti. I believe the trouble- 
some thorns might be scorched toa 
harmless shortness by a fire of resin or 
some substance hat makes great heat 
when bnrning. It could be placed in 
a dish and attached to the end of a pole. 
In this way thé people in Southern 
Texas singe off thorns from prickly pear 
when they feed it to cattle except that 
the pear is cut in pieces and on the end 
of a pointed stick is held over a fire of 
brush. If H. H. 1D. cannot climb the 
cacti, let him send for me, I have felt 
the points of many a spanish bayonet 
and cacti thorn. 
Joun A. Morven, 
Sherman City, Mich. 


>t > 


The Rough-winged Swallow. 

The Rough-winged Swallow ts im- 
_ puted as rare in all places of its oceur- 
rence. However, it may be possible 
that it is of more general occurence in 
_almost all parts than is thought, it 
being too frequently overlooked or con- 
founded with its very near relative, the 
Bank Swallow. 

In my own county of Orleans I find 
it to be. a summer resident that may be 
depended upon, and several sets of its 
eggs are taken each season; although 
Mr. J. L. Davison doesnot mention it 
in his ‘List of Birds of Niagara Coun- 
ty,” adjoining, and in the ‘‘List of Birds 


of Buffalo and Vicinity” compiled by 
Dr. W. H. Bergtold of Buffalo, in 1889, 
we find the following mention of it: 
“One taken at Glenwood, N. Y., 1888, 
by Miss I. M. Schlegel.” 

But, to use a common expression, if 
we ‘‘look a little out,’’ I think we may 
find Sitelgidopteryx serripennis to be a 
trifle more common than we had anti- 
cipated. 

This bird is so like the Bank Swal- 
low in every particular that the only 
safe means of identification is the bird 
in the hand. However, it may be iden- 
tified when flying towards one by an 
observation of its throat and breast. 
The throat of the Bank Swallow is 
white and it has a black pectoral band, 
while the Rough-winged species has a 
black or brownish throat and no such 
band on the breast. The bird in the 
hand will reveal the peculiarities Oa 
which it takes its name. 

Although the sand bank, the home of 
the Bank Swallow, is generally ascribed 
as the nesting-place of the Rough-wing- 
ed; in my locality at least, such is not 
the case as often as otherwise. With 
me the favorite nesting place of serrt- 
pennis seems to be in the erevices of the 
stone work which forms the side of the 
Erie canal or abutments to its bridges, 
or in crevices of stone work in the vic- 
inity of any water, and I think that if 
those who are seeking for this bird will 
look carefully about such places in their 
locality they will find it not uncommon 
there. 

The nest is loosely com oneal of straw 
(almost entirely), with sometimes the 
addition of some feathers. The eggs 
are pure white, and I tind that they 
differ from those of the Bank Swallow 
in at least two particulars. First, they 
are not so much pointed and may be a 
trifle larger; and second, the number of 
them is generally greater, the complete 


_ set generally consisting of seven or 


eight eggs, which are deposited the last 
week in May. 


THE OOLOGIST. 107 


Stelgidopteryx serripennis does not 
seem inclined to shun civilization in the 
least. The Main street of our village 
(Medina) crosses the canal on a_ bridge, 
over which there is almost continous 
passage; and it is in the immediate vic- 
inity of this bridge that I find ths best 
place for observation of serripennis, for 
about this bridge two or three pairs 
spend each summer, nesting in the crey- 
ices of the stone-work which forms its 
abutments as well as in the stone-work 
of the tow-path. 

The nest is generally well back in, 
and the eggs can only be secured with 
the aid of a long-handled scoop or, per- 
haps by loosening some of the stones 
and removing them; and,in either case, 
at a great risk of oreakage to the eggs. 

The Rough-winged Swallow does not 
arrive from the South until the first 
week in May and departs unnoticed in 
the fall. 

NeIL FRANKLIN POsson, 
Medina, N. Y. 


A Criticism. 

For a long time I have thought of 
writing up a word of criticism for the 
readers of the O6LOGIST,and giving some 
ideas which may cause thoughtful dis- 
cussion among your writers. My only 
reason for denying myself the satis- 
faction of spreading my _ criticisms 
broadeast, was the one that I might 
cause someone a heartache, and per- 
haps involve myself in a disagrecable 
discussion, and also get myself disliked. 
However, after mature deliberation, I 
have decided to speak right out in 
meeting, provided the editor will per- 
mit it. “And like a capable surgeon I 
will cut deep, even if the patients do 
service, because there is strong evidence 
that there is more than a simple dis- 
order here, and the sooner skilled 
attention is given the matter the better. 

The O6LoGIsT isa medium of com- 
munication between us, and as such 


_ wrong. 


is to be upheld by all, and we must 
not allow its standard to be lowered by 
anyone either through ignorance or 
evil intent. There are many boys who 
send seraps of information to the OOLO~ 
GIsT who exaggerate without intention; 
stretching the truth so that it will ap- 
pear very bright. These bits of big- 
talk are readily detected by anyone 
who has collected for any length of 
time, but are believed fully by honest. 
souled amateurs. 

Then again there are writers who 
observe honestly and mean well, but 
who from ignorance report matters 
It is my intention to speak of 
various cases which require correction 
and in this connection cannot do better 
than to call the readers notice to Mr. 
A. C. M’s article on page 54 of the 
Feb. issue, where he refers to the 
Goshawk in Illinois. Mr. M. says: “I 
wish young collectors could have the 
need of careful identification more 
thoroughly impressed upon them. 
know several collectors(?) who have no 
guide but Davie’s Key, and will hunt 
in that until they find an egg nearly 
like the one they have, and then have a 
great find.” There lies the whole 
matter and every reader of these lines 
will agree with me that identification 
is the main factor of an egg collector's 
reliability. Mr. M. is honestly incensed 
at the assertion that the Goshawk 
breeds abundantly (or at all) in Illinois, 
It is a northern bird. 

By looking over the back numbers of 
the OdLtoeist I could bring to light 
many ridiculous errors, but I do not 
doubt, in fact I know that the class of 
readers and writers has changed great- 
ly for the better, within these last’ few 
years. However as there are many 
unintentional errors, in your recent 
issues I will referto them. 

In Feb. issue a writer says that the 
song of the Wood Thrush is usually 
uttered from the top of some forest 
tree. Now I believe the readers will 


108 


bear me out in maintaining that the 
Wood Thrush never sings from the top 
of atree. Am I not right? 

Again we find that a collector took a 
set of Barn Owls eggs from an old a, ple 
tree. This is remarkable that a rare 
bird east of the Mississippi river should 
nest in Indiana. In same article he 
says he took another set of barn or hoot 
owl. Anything that lives near a barn 
and hoots is a barn hoot owl. Now my 
dear sir you never saw a nest of Barn 
Owl in Indiana. You are honest but 
terribly mistaken. This correction 
may seem hard but itis necessary or 


the boys of Indiana will all have Barn: 


Owls eggs in a month or so 

In another: excellent article, the 
writer says he found two deserted nests 
of Albino Marsh Wren but fails to say 
whether the birds, eggs, or nest were 
white. In fact were any ofthem white? 
Such items areidle, unless carefully 
substantiated with accurate data. 

Another writer says he found a nest 
of the Swamp Sparrow which he iden- 
tified. How did he identify the eggs? 
Now Mr. Editor, I have outlasted sev- 
eral generations of odlogists, and have 
never taken a set of Swamp Sparrows. 
At least 500 nests of the Song Sparrow 
have inet my view but never yet a set 
‘of Swamp. Every sparrow’s nest 
built in a. marsh or swamp does not 
constitute a Swamp Sparrows nest. 
Let us get this identification. 

A Minnesota man says he has never 
heard the song of the swamp sparrow, 
although they are common there. The 
song is heard everywhere in May, June 
and July where the birds are found, I 
can assure him. 

Boys, study the songs of the birds, 
walk with caution, eyes and ears open, 
and you will find as much pleasure in the 
study of details in abird’s notes, move- 
ments, ete., as if you secured a large 
collection of eggs and knew nothing of 
the birds and habits. Remember you 
are but very little if any above the old- 


cation. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


fashioned collector who strung his eggs 
in festoons, if you simply collect for 
pleasure of amassing eggs and leading 
other collectors. The collector who 
simply tries to gratify a fad for colleet- 
ing eggs, 18unworthy of the name of 
odlogist, and in time surely a very few 
years, at the most, he drops out of the 
deal, and his once precious eggs are 
eaten by the mice, smashed, sold, given 
away and cast to the four winds. 

Tam an egg crauk, dyed in the wool 
and come to stay, and I take as much 
interest in birds nests now as ever! did. 
Taking three years as the average col- 
lector’s fad, and this is reasonable, I 
have lived and collected through ten 
generations or ages of egg-cranks, and 
yet my love holds fast to the subject, 
and I feel a deepening interest in the 
subject because I have .studied my 
friends the birds and their nests and 
eggs. To be sure I do not feel that 
thrill of joy, indescribable. which once 
enthralled me, when my hand stole 
into anest and felt the treasures there 
but there is a higher aud better feeling, 
which is an outcome of love of the 
study, intensified by years of devotion 
to the subject or service if you will. 

Iam not trying to discourage you 
boys. On the contrary, I want to in- 
spire you with arock bottom enthu- 
siasm, a lasting love for the study and 
all associated with it. 1 sincerely hope 
that those old writers to the OdLOGIST 
will read my lines and thereby secure 
anew lease of life—that is a revivil- 
I feel that intense longing 
each and every spring for the woods. 


_and fields, and birds that I had when a 


boy, and I am trusting to always re- 


S{eewuoy) 16, 


‘“‘The child is father of the man, 
And I could wish my days might be 
Bound eaeh to each by natural piety.” 
But to return to the subject of eriti- 
cism, and I presume that you are all 
inclined to berate my authority to talk 
as I have done. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A listin Feb. No. gives ezghteen nests of ' 


species described as composed of ‘‘ete.” 
To be sure if only one or two species of 
birds built their nests of ‘“‘etc.’’ we 
might comprehend it, but when the 
Prairie Warblers nest is composed 
of grass, reed leaves, spider webs and 
“ete.” while the Brown headed Nut- 
hatch hvs a nest of bark, wool, 
rotten wood ‘‘etc.’’ we are certainly 
in need of information. This way of 
describing nest structures is common 
and censurable. Describe a nest’s ma- 
terials and there stop. 

In the January No. appeared an 
article which, as the boys say, yanks 
the fruit-cake from the baker’s empo- 
rium, This article means well, I doubt 
not, but itis so incongruous that it is 
enough to make a man laugh. Un- 
doubtedly. it reads well to boys, but to 
mature collectors it appears ridiculous 
in the extreme. Toa boy of big ideas 
it May seem essential to carry a com- 
bined gun, with interchangable barrels; 
25 rifle cartridges, 85 shot gun ecar- 
3 tridges; skinning outfit, 1 1b. of arseni- 
calsoap, 3 blankets with the rubber, axe, 
cooking utensils, dishes ete , and a big 
knife in case you met an old ‘“‘she bear.” 

Great Livius, I'd like to see the poor 
boy start out ona trip. And think of 
it, 2 lbs. of bacon and only four spoon- 
fuls of coffee. IfI had to lug it all, I 
would mix the } pound of butter with 
a pound of arsenic and take on start- 
‘ing. No one so handicapped, can 
travel and observe with pleasure and 
profit. No wonder the writer did not 
say a word about a pencil and note- 
book. He had no room.? 

Boys the way to observe and collect 
is to go light. Remember and sleep in 
the house if you can. The seven-inch 
knife is all nonsense, and the axe 
hardly ever necessary. It is far better 
to carry your birds home to skin, for 
Jield skins are never good; never! never! 
However if you are out for three or 
four days it is well to have a half 


109 


ounce of arsenic powder, to apply if 
you shoot a rare specimen the first day 
and can hardly save otherwise. Leave 
your ‘pound of arsenical soap, the 
soothing pipe and the -long-bladed 
knife and much other useless dufHle at 
home. Take instead, a good note book 
two pencils, a clear head, two slices of 
bacon, shot gun and ten rounds, if 
needed, one blanket, a pair of good 
eyes and ears. Let the old ‘‘she bear” 
have a rest, you have no use for her, 
Apply yourself to your observations, 
and when you lie down to sleep at 
night feel sure that you have accomp- 
lished something in the way of dis- 
covery, even if you have not robbed 
some bird’s nest. Boys muke it a point 
when you are out to exert your own 
powers and not feel that you are rely- 
ing on some other man’s knowledge. 
Search out something new, learn of 
some peculiar habits unknown to others- 
The woods and fields are full of oppor- 
tunities for discovery, as the woods 
and fields are also full of col'ectors who 
go aimlessly wandering about learning 
nothing worth remembering and final- 
ly give up the foolishness, as they often 
eall it. Your egg-collecting is just the 
very starting point and in time you 
will be a thoughtful man and a natural- 
ist. You will look back and think that 
the little monthly OGLoGistT was the,pro- 
motor of your deep interest and intense 


’ pleasure in all that is connected with 


nature. 
Another -point; study the articles 
written from month to month. Write 


articles, and good ones too, write 
compositions at school as required— 
spend time and much pains on them 
and after reading at school send to the 
O6LocistT. Don’t be hurt orangry if 
they are not published. Try again! The 
effort did not hurt you, but strengthen- 
ed you. The boy who is bound to 
succeed will do so either at schcol or in 
the woods. 

I would call attention tothe article on 


110 


Osteology in February No. It is a sub- 
ject which will furnish much interest 
to the observer, *‘Notes from Isabella 
Co,” and ‘Birds as Pets,’ in January 
No. show thought and observation and 
something outside of the common run. 

Trusting that Imay be forgiven for 
my expressions I will subside. 

G. SIRROM. 


>< $< > —+ 


Nesting of the Blue-winged Yellow Warbler. 


Helminthophila pinus. 

Although this bird seems to be com- 
mon in this vicinity, I see very little in 
O6LOGIST as regards him. He might 
be ealled rare by those:not acquainted 
with his song. After learning the song 
and thus having my attention fur- 
ther called to him, Iwas surprised 
to find how many were in the woods 
whieh otherwise I should never have 
noticed. 

The nest however is hard to find. 
On May 30, 1892, I found a nest which 
was betrayed by the birds, after they 
had been watched for sometime, the 
female bird had disappeared and I had 
given up finding the nest. I gave a 
sharp whistle as a signal to my com- 
panion, who had become lost to my 
view, that it was time to move on. At 
once a bird flew up from the tall grass 
a few feet distant to a neighboring tree, 
I recognized my Blue-winged Warbler. 
In afew minutes I had found the nest 
which was about completed, but con- 
tained no eggs. : 

June 7th I paid it another visit. 
The nest had been crushed. by a Cow- 
bird(Molothrus ater) who had left be- 
hind her complement of one egg. The 
birds were not to be seen, the nést ap- 
peared to be deserted. However I re- 
moved the Cowbird’s egg. 

June 9th happening to pass the nest 
ITlookedin and was surprised to find 
two eggs of the warbler. Birds not seen. 

June 12th I paid it another visit and 


THE OOLOGIST. 


found 8 eggs which was al! the bird 


layed in the nest unless one or two were 
thrown out by the Cowbird. The ex- 
perience of others in'this locality give 
the common number laid as five. 

The inest was composed wholly of 
leaves on the outside. The inner parts 
were composed of strips of bark and 
grass, the material growing finer as it 
neared the interior, It was narrow 
and deep. not inverted cone shape. 
It was placed in a plot of high grass 
between some stalks:of Golden Rod 
and barely touched the ground. There 
were no leaves on the ground near the 
nest. It was supported by the grass. 
and Golden Rod on which it depended 
for concealment. 

The plot of grass abounded with 
various vines and briers. It was next 
to a pine grove on one of the banks of 
the Housatonic river. 

W.1L. DUNBAR. 
Bridgeport, Conn. 


<a> © <a 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


Wilson in Scotland. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH. 


I wha stand here, in this brae scowry coat, 
Was once a packman, worth mony a groat; 
I’ve carried packs as big’s your mekele table, 
I've scarted pats, and sleepit ina stable: 

Sax pounds I wadna for my pack ance taen, 

And I could bauldly brag twas a mine ain. 

(A PEDLAR’S STORY.) 

On the 6th day of July, 1766, in the 
town of Paisley, Scotland, was born the 
author of the above Scottish rhyme and 
one who was destined to attain a pure 
and enduring fame in the country of 
his adoption. 

His parents though not of royal birth, 
were by no means ordinary personages. 
His mother died when Alexander had 
scarcely reached the age of ten. The 
death of his mother and the unhappi- 
ness caused by his father’s second mar- 


® 


THE OOLOGIST. Haul 


Yiage, early induced the youth to leave 
the paternal roof. At the age of thir- 
teen he bound himself to his brother-in- 
law, William Duncan, who resided at 
Queen’s Ferry, on the Frith of Forth, 
as an apprentice in the weayer’s trade. 
Up to this period young Wilson had re- 
ceived only the rudiments of a common 
education at a grammar school in his 
native place. At an early period of his 
life he evinced a strong desire for learn- 
ing; so much that his father proposed 
to educate him for the ministry; but his 
worthy intentions failed to materialize. 
The occupation to which he had bound 
himself was not in the least adapted to 
his free independent nature. Long 
hours of gloom and despondency, soft- 
ened only by poetical musing, marked 
the three years of his apprenticeship. 
His leisure hours were employed in the 
perusal of magazines and trying his 
skill in the composition of verses. Be- 
coming weary of the sedentary employ- 
ment of weaver he procured a pack and 
travelled through Scotland as a peddler. 
On these journeys he ‘carried with him 
a prospectus of a volume of poems 
which he intended to publish. We can 
scarcely imagine a more peculiar com- 
bination than that of peddler and poet. 
He speaks of his occupation in such 
language as this: 

Tf the pedler should fail to be favored with sale, 
Then I hope you'll encourage the poet. 

Burns was now at the zenith of his 
glory. His verses were eagerly read by 
all the English speaking race. The 
sweet cadence of his lines became the 
admiration of every Scotehman.  Wil- 
son was alike moved. Burns had ever 
been his ideal. To attain success equal 
to Burns was the high goal of his am- 
bition. Little did he realize that time 
and circumstances would favor his rise; 
and that he would lead a life more ex- 
cellent acd honored, and hand down to 
posterity a name of equal renown. 

Soon after Burns had published his 
poems, Wilson addressed a letter to 


‘tion wlth Burns he wrote an 


him, objecting to the moral tendency of 
some of the pieces. Burns perceiving 
the writer of the letter to be a man of 
no ordinary ability invited Wilson to 
visit him at his home in Ayrshire. This 
interview was extremely pleasant to 
Wilson, aud he repeatedly referred to 
it in after life in terms of great delight. 
Not long subsequent to his conversa- 
anony- 
mous poem called “Natty and Megg,”’ 
which brought high praise from all who 
read it, and which was acknowledged 
to have proceeded from the pen of 
Burns. 

The cause of his emigrating to Amer- 
ica was the outcome of a dispute be- 
tween the manufacturers and weavers 
of Paisley. Wilson sided with the 
weavers and wrote a personal satire 
against an individual in the opponent 
faction. It was published anonymous- 
ly, but public opinion ascribed it to 
Wilson; 

On returning from the printers one 
evening he was seized by spies who 
found upon his person certain papers 
which testified to the author of the se- 
vere satire. Hewas tried and sentenced 
to a short imprisonment and eccompelled 
to burn the libelat the pubiie cross of 
Paisley with his own hand. Not long 
after he decided:to emigrate to America 
and there engage in the merchantile 
business. He applied himself assidous- 
ly to weaving and. thus procured the 
necessary funds to defray the expenses 
of the passage. He set. sail from Bel- 
fast for the land of his future fame in 
the summer of 1794. The vessel had its 
full number of passengers, but rather 
than give up the opportunity he con- 
sented to sleep on the deck throughout 
the passage. He landed at New Castle, 
Delaware on the 14th of July, 1794. 

Such are, in brief the important 
events of the first twenty-eight years of 
the great ornithologist’s life. Years of 
depressing circumstances indeed; yet 
he rose in the face of; great opposition 


' 


112 | THE OOLOGISTY. 


to the high pinnacle of fame. He spread 
a lustre over his chosen occupation 
which has been brightened by the long 
line of venerable followers. Wilsov 
may justly be regarded as the pioneer 
of American ornithology; and the place 
which his chosen science now holds in 
the public favor, must be considered as 
principally owing to his exertions. He 
paved the way for the science which 
has numbered in itsranks some of the 
greatest educators of the nation; some 
of the giants of the land. Audubon was 
scarcely more than a boy when the first 
volume of his American Ornithology 
was published, and he was travelling 
the country from north to south solicit- 
ing subscribers for his efforts. 

It may seem a little strange to us that 
Wilson failed to succeed in his poetical 
efforts. The great difficulty in his poet- 
ry is the lack of that grace and freedom 
of experience which characterizes the 
verses of his superiors in the art. He 
was a man of strong feeling and had a 
great abhorrence of anything base or 
mean; but was deficient in language. 
But these early poetical inspirations 
were not without their effect upon his 
writings in later days. As we read his 
description of birds we can not fail to 
discern touches and passages of great 
poetical beauty. 

He published in 1789 a small volume 
of his poems called ‘‘Poems, Humorous, 
Satirical, and Serious by Alexander 
Wilson.” Two editions were published; 
but he realized no profit from the sale. 
Many years after, when he became en- 
gaged in the science which has made 
bis name honored among men; he wrote 
on the fly-leaf of a copy of his poems, 
“TI published these poems when only 
_ twenty-two, an age more abundant in 
sail than ballast. Reader, let this soft- 
en the rigor of criticism a little. Dated 
Gray’s Ferry, July 6, 1804.” 

At another time he said, ‘‘There were 
the sins of my youth; and, if I had tak- 
en my good old father’s advice, they 
would never have seen the light.” 


Queer Myths About Birds. 

From the earliest period of time from 
which we have any knowledge about 
the myths and omens of the various 
races, the bird has always been the oc- 
casion of many superstitions, the follow- 
ing of which are only a few. 

One of the oddities of the Egyptian 
religion. was the homage paid to birds, 
the penalty for killing a Hawk or an 
Ibis, was immediate death. The feath- 
er of an ostrich was to the Egyptian an 
emblem of justice, the same of the eagle 
is among some North American tribes 
the sign of truth and among others of 
bravery, and in Cairo, Egypt the Hoo- 
doe, which is common there, is held in 
reverence as the bird of Solomon, and 
some Egyptian gods are pictured with 
the heads of birds. In China the Crow 
was formerly thought an evil omen, 
The Romans too, held many queer ideas 
and fancies about the different species 
of birds, in the feeding of birds, if 
the bird dropped from its bill the grain 
that was thrown,to it, they considered 
it a sign that the gods were pleased 
with the subject in question, and had 
taken this means of showing their ap- 
proval, and the flight of birds was 
thought a demonstration of the will of 
Jupiter and while the Hawk and Eagle 
both meant victory the Eagle was con. 
sidered the stronger omen of the two, 
but an Owl was very unlucky, and a 
bird seen upon the left side of a person 
was ap evil omen,while one on the right 
side was thought good. 

In Australia the nati ves believe that 
the ery of a Hawk in the night means 
the death of a child, and that the bird 
is taking off with it the childs soul, 


- The Syrians in ancient times ate all 


birds except pigeons, which they looked 
upon as holy. 

One of the birdsin The Talmud, when 
it spreads its wings, it covers the sun, 
and what is still more queer is the idea 
that the egg of one of these birds fell 
out of the nest and the white of it 


THE OOLOGIST. 113 


broke and overflowed a village, and not 
only that, but stuck together three hun- 
dred cedar trees. The famed Hintzil- 
opochtli, a Mexican deity, was thought 
to be changed into a Hummingbird. 
The Zulus attribute thunder to the 

“thunder bird,” while there have been 
many minor superstitions, some of 
which were so common that they were 
not recorded by the ancient writers, 
the above will give the reader some idea 
of them. 

D. T. Kissam, 

Brooklyn, N. Y. 


Band-tailed Pigeon. 


Columbide fasciata. 

The range of this species of the family 
Columbide is the entire Pacific coast 
region of North America. ‘Their time 
of arrival in this locality is in May, 
when they put in an appearance in 
‘flocks numbering from a dozen up to 
‘hundreds, but in the past few years it 
has been rare to see large numbers to- 

gether. 
They seem to be diminishing in num- 
bers, as less and less, seem to frequent 
. their usual haunts each year, and per- 
haps the day is not far distant, when 
. they will have disappeared, as did the 
Pigeons, (Helapisies migratorius) which 
were so abuudant in New York and 
Pennsylvania, only fifteen years ago. 
Now one hardly sees a pair, where then 
they could be found by the thonsands. 
Where have they gone? 

True many were killed, but not all. 
Have they found new fields, not yet 
found by our naturalists, where they 
breed in peace? 

And so i. is with the Band-tailed Pig- 
eon of this coast. Five years ago, the 
farmers tell me, that this species was so 
abundant in this vicinity, as to be de- 
structive to the grain. 

That at early morning and evening 
the air seemed fairly black with them 


as they flew back and forth from their 
feeding ground to their roosts. 

Now they have dwindled down so that 
where thousands visited this locality 
then, only a few flocks of fifty or one 
hundred each are seen now. 


What is the cause for this? They 


have not been slavghtered here, like 


those of the Eastern States were. 

Tuiey seem to be receeding back in 
the mountainous districts, and higher 
altitudes, and perhaps this is why we 
see less of them. 

In my observations I find that they 
prefer the higher altitudes. The foot 
hills of the Cascade range and up to an 
elevation of 2000 to 3000 feet seem to be 
their favored localities. 

Generally preferring to follow up some 
river or creek. 

The localities especially frequented 
are the Mineral Springs, which exist in 
this range. 

The waters of these springs contain 
soda, iron, sulphur, salt and a few less- 
er elements, and are generally known 
as Soda Springs. Several such springs 
exist within the town limits of this place 
(Sodayille) from which it receives its 
name. 

Some element in these waters attract 
the Pigeons in large numbers, and they 
can be seen at all times of the day, fly- 
ing to and from these springs and visit- 
ing adjoining springs. 

The time they remain at the spring is 
generally short, ten or fifteen minutes, 


_ but they visit them many times during 


the day. 

What pruperties it is in these waters 
which they fancy Ihave not been able 
to determine definitely, but as their 
principal element is gen rally soda, I 
judge it is this which they are after. 
However they visit these springs in 
large numbers, and at all times of the 
day. 

Many hunters take advantage of these 
their favored haunts and stationing 
themselves at the various springs in a 


tie THE OOLOGIST. 


neighborhood, they secure many birds, 
as when frightened at one place they 
will fly to the next nearest spring, and 
so on around. 

Just within the borders of this place 
stands a large dead fir, with wide 
spreading branches. This isa favored 
roost for the Pigeons during the night 
and also in the day, when not visiting 
the springs. 

On alow level flat below this tree is 
one of the springs and during the past 
summer a flock of ten pigeons made 
this their home. They could be seen at 
all times of the day, perched upon this 
tree or flying to and from the spring. 

After all the other pigeons seemed to 
have gone these few remained here un- 
til late in November. 

Being on open ground this tree was 
hard to approach without alarming the 
birds but several hunters succeeded in 
killing six of the ten before they left. — 

Away from these springs the Pigeons 
are seldom seen during the mid day, 
but always in the early morning, or 
just before sunset. 

Other places frequented are the oak 
groves and small scrub oaks as they 
are called here, where they feed upon 
the acorns which grow on these trees. 
In several birds which I killed their 
craw .contained one-half teacupful of 
acorns. 

Berries are also a favorite food and 
the buds of the hazel bush are used for 
food in the spring. 

Their flight is easy and swift and it 
requires a good wing shot to bring them 
down. 

The time of breeding, according to 
my observations, isin July. They do 
not breed in any locality in large num- 

_bers as did the pigeon of the east, . else- 
where referred to in this article, but 
only a few pairs are found in any given 
locality, in close proximity. 

_ Nesting upon dead stumps, rail fences 


and in oak trees ard often upon the 
ground. 


In that excellent work, ‘‘Life Histor- 
ies of N. A. Birds,” by Bendire, he 
quotes Mr. Poling as stating that from 
his observations, they breed at all sea- 
sons of the year, having seen young in 
February and also taken eggs late in 
the season. 

Mr. Poling also brings forth the point 
that they carry their eggs with them 
while incubating, from place to place, 
and from facts which he has presented 
there is no doubt but what this is the 
case in many instances. As yet I have 
not observed this unique habit, but ex- 
pect to the coming season. 

The eggs are two in number, white in 
color and rather large for the bird. 

A. GREGORY PRILL, M. D 
Sodaville, Oregon. 


Caspian or Imperial Tern. 


Sterna caspia. 


These beautiful birds are found 
breeding with the Ring-billed and 
American Herring Gulls, or Gravel 


Gulls of the Gull Islands, which are 
situated in the passage from Green Bay 
to Lake Michigan, and which are about 
25 miles southeast of Escanaba, in the 
Upper Peninsula of Michigan. 

The only pretense of a nest is a 
slight hollow in the coarse gravel upon 
which the eggs are laid. 

This island is built up of layers and 
ridges, some ridges being very fine and 
others of coarse gravel. The birds 
nest only on one ridge, which they 
seem to have instinctively chosen for 
the protection of their eggs,as the stones 
in this ridge average about the size of 
the eggs and the color also, the resem- 
blance was so near that one had to look 
sharp or he would tread upon the eggs. 

While we were on the island they 
were circling around over our heads, but 
kept higher than the Gulls, though oc- 
casionally one would dart down at us 
and would come nearer than the Gulls 


THE OOLOGIST. 115 


did, but they were hard to shoot as 
they generally kept out of range. 

With their dark vermillion red bill, 
glossy greenish black crest and black 
feet they make a strikingly handsome 


bird, and a contrast to the Gulls, that. 


i was surprised that the fisherman 
should call them all “Gulls” although 
one man did distinguish them by call- 
ing them ‘Mackerel Gulls.” 

Some 50 or 60 pairs of birds bred on 
this ridge and the Gulls were found 
breeding everywhere on the island ex- 
cept upon this ridge, even down to 
within a few feet of the water barely 
out of reach of the waves. The eggs 
of this species from 14 sets measured, 
average 2.47x1.72. This average seems 
to be smaller than Davie gives it but 
is from careful and actual measure- 
ment however. The extremes of these 
42 eggs measured 2.28x1.75, 2.54x1.64, 
2.81x1.70, 2.40x1.838. Coues gives the 
number of eggs in a set as 2 but I have 
found that 3 is the number generally 
laid here. 

There is quite a variation in the 
ground color and markings of these 
eggs as in this series the ground color 
runs from a dark drab or light stone to 
a greenish buff and were spotted and 
blotched with brown and lilac of dif- 
ferent shades generally quite thickly 


and evenly marked with small spots 


over the entire surface, but a few eggs 
were splashed with heavier markings 
even as large as .60 in diameter. 
' I would like to hear through the 
columns of the O6LOGIST whether this 
bird breeds elsewhere’ on the Great 
Lakes or not. 
Ep. VANWINKELE, 
Vans Harbor, Mich. 
pe Se ea 


A Tricolored Blackbird. 


Agelaius tricolor. 


Little has been written about this 
well-defined and distinet species of 


Blackbird. This is probably due to its 
limited geographical range or the non- 
migratory disposition of the bird. 

The distinguishing features of the 
species are dark red lesser wing- 
coverts, succeeded by white middle 
wing coverts and a more slender bill 
than any other of the Agelaius. The 
plumage of both sexes is bathed in a 
bluish gloss, the female with this em- 
bellishment is little less inferior than 
the wale and retains traces of the 
white middle wing-coverts. This is a 
rather rare occurence in the Agelaius, 
where the females as a rule are sober 
plumaged birds. 

The breeding range, which is the en- 
tire territory frequented by the species, 
extends from the Columbia River south- 
ward throughout the whole of Califor- 
nia. This range of territory corres- 
ponds closely to that of the Bicolored 
Blackbird’s which is less limited ex- 
tending farther southward into Mexico. 
Up to the present time the variety 
makers, whose untiring efforts and 
success are plainly verified in the latest 
check-lists, have not succeeded in 
forming or finding a sub-species. 

The birds. breed in immense colonies 
selecting large tule swamps or water- 
mootic flats for breeding purposes, but 
generally prefer the latter locations. 
They seem quite independent of water 
for I have found colonies nesting a 
quarter of a mile from water in water- 
mootics. Having taken occasion to 
visit some of these colonies every year 
I tind they invariably consist of no 
fewer than several hundred birds, oc- 
cupying an extent of some acres. 

The largest colony the writer ever 
found had taken up their abodein a 
large tule swamp of an area equal to a 
square mile and they had so densely 
populated the whole swamp, that it 
was with difficulty that I moved about 
in it without upsetting some of the 
nests. The noise that proceeds from 
such a multitude of throats is astonish- 
ing and can be heard at a considerable 


116 


distance. When within a few hundred 
yards of a calony the noise partakes 
strangely of that made by a reaper in 
mowing a field of yrain. The species 
is gregarious in the highest degree, 
never nesting in small numbers 
constantly keeping in large flocks while 
feeding. 

As we approach nearer a colony we 
see hundreds of birds coming and go- 
ing, some bringing nesting material in 
their bills; others carrying food to the 
young. Now we have arrived at the 
edge of the swamp and are peering 
through the tules at the coarsely con- 
structed nests in numberless profusion. 

All the smaller birds must depart 
from the vicinity where they breed, 
for like the rogues which they some- 
times are, they take possession of the 
newly constructed nests of the banish- 


_edresidents for foundations for their 


-own bulky domicile. 


I have - found 
nests of the Arkansas Goldfinch and 
Heerman’s Song Sparrow containing a 
full complement of eggs thus used. 
Two broods and occasionally three 
are reared ina season. The first set of 
eggs. are deposited about the Jast of 
April and the second during the latter 
part of May or the first of June. The 


nest isa large, buiky structure coarsely 


made of grass, strips of tules and finer 
grasses, lined with fine dry grass and 
a few horse hairs. 

The material that forms the bottom 
of the nest is. firmly matted together 
with a layer of mud and sometimes 
horse dung is used as a_ substitute. 
The nest though made rather heavy by 
the layer of mud is but loosely fastened 
to the supporting vegetation which ac- 
counts for the many nests that are 
found tipped over. The nests are plac- 
ed at a height ranging from a foot to 
ten feet from the ground or water. 

The ground color of a series of eggs 
presents two phases of coloration, the 
light blue, which is the prevailing type 
and ths light brown, which merge to- 


and 


-ish-black and lavender, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


gether. The light brown color is deep- 
est on the large end of the egg and 
shades off into light blue or pale olive. 
toward tho apex of the egg, The eggs 
are spotted, blotched, clouded and 
marked with spots, blotches and zig- 
zag lines of black, lilac, brown, brown- 
which are 
usually gathered about the larger end 
of the egg to form a circle or wreath. 
Twenty-five typical eggs give an av- 


_ erage measurement of 1.00x.73 inches. 


The extremes found in a series of 
twenty sets are: length 1.29 to .89 and 
width .78 to .63 inches. 

Three eggs generally constitute a 
complete set; two and four eggs are 
not unusual complements, but five is 
extremely rare. In collecting in a large 
colony, I only found one set of five 
eggs where there were scores of three 


and four and quite a few young birds. 


This species breeds in common with 
Bicolored, Red-winged and Yellow- 
headed Blackbirds. They, also, ac- 
company in large flocks the herds of 
sheep which roam the sterile plains, 
feeding on the insects which, as they, 
delight in following these creatures for 
the subsistence which they derive from 
them. 

HDMUND HELLER, 
Riverside, Calif. 


Another California Trip. 

It is with growing interest that I 
read the many pleasant narratives re- 
corded in these pages, and there is of- 
ten awakened in mea desire to relate 
some of my experiences, just to be moy- 
ing along with the rest of the boys. 

No doubt there is more actual benefit 
to be derived from a more complete ob- 
servation and discussion of a_ single 
family or species than: in a general talk 
such as the narration of a collecting trip. 
But it is equally true that the descrip- 
tion of a day’s hunt through an ‘‘orni- 
thologists paradise”; with its many in- 


THE OOLOGIST. 117 


habitants, its varied excitements and 
glad surprises, is the more interesting 
of the two. 

Of course it is exciting to poke your 
nose into the nest of some rare bird 
when you are looking after another 
thing, or after searching hopelessly, to 
come suddenly upon some rare find ! 

I have in mind a very pleasant trip 
that I took in the spring of 1891. 

It was shortly after the middle of 
May that my friend Will Lawrence pro- 
posed a tew days collecting trip. 


We started from his home near Los | 


Gatos early on one of those mornings 
that only Californian’s ean know. The 
sky was faultless, the only speck to be 
seen was aneagle soaring high above 
us, the whole bright scene of softly roll- 
ing emerald hills with here and there a 
blush of crimson blossoms or a crown of 
golden poppies, smiled in the bright 
sunshine and the birds all tried to out- 
do each otheris singing the welcome 
to the glorious day. ; 

About a month before we had passed 
over the same road on our way to a mag- 
pie roost where we got some fine speci- 
mens. I noticed many very familiar ob- 
jects on our way. Here was a tall syca- 
more with a W.Red-tailed Hawk’ snest 
in the top from which we had taken a fine 
set of eggs. It was now deserted. In 
another tree was a hole from which had 
been taken a set of Sparrow Hawk’s eggs 
and there the bridge where the Phcoebe’s 
nest was. We had now gone about ten 
miles and as we reached the crest of a 
hill we let our horse stop to rest and 
looked across the valley to see the white 
dome of Lick Observatory shining from 
its place on Mt. Hamilton. 

On the other side of the hill our road 
followed the Llagas creek for a few 
miles, then we crossed the stream and 
after an hours drive came to our first 
stopping place. We hitched our animal 
to a tree and wheeled the eart into the 
shade. 

Our first piece of work was to visit a 


bridge a hundred yards back on the 
road. A tiny streamlet ran along a 
rocky bed and as it reached the bridge 
had a fall of about 20 feet. The body of 
the bridge was on a level with the upper 


portion of the stream and underneath 


it was dark and cool. As we climbed 
down and under a sudden whirr of 
wings startled us, but we soon recover- 
ed,and what was our delight! There on 
a Shelf of the rock, in a kind of corner 
where the ‘mist and spray of the water- 
fall kept it always green was an oblong 
ball of mossand in the side a smooth 
round nole. We have all heard of the 
Water Ouzels’ nest but there’s nothing 
like seeing one. ‘‘A thing ot beauty is a 
joy forever” said I as I waited to see 
Will draw four white beauties from the 
nest—but the young ouzel he pulled out 
was such a beauty (?) that we left him 
to be a ‘‘joy forever” to his mother. 
We left the bridge and soon struck 
the main stream which we followed up 
for quite a distance. As we went along 
we came upon a flat shelving rock that 
hung over the water and from under 
which a Biack Phoebe flew. We soon 
discovered the nest which Will got by 
lying flat on the edge of the rock and 


‘reaching under while I held his heels. 


of mud 
of the 


The nest was the usual one 
and rootlets and contained 5 


‘prettiest eggs I ever saw of that species. 


They were very large and of a transpar- 
ent creamy white with a few minute 


‘ blood red specks scattered over them. 


During the day we found another nest 
of that species among the tangled roots 
of an upturned tree. 

As we made our way up, 
became narrower and large alder trees 
lined the sides of the stream. About 
the bases and among the lower limbs of 
these trees were masses of debris that 
had been brought down by the recent 
freshets. It was there that we found 
the Western Flycatcher nesting. It 
usually builds its nest from 1 ft. to 8 ft. 
from the ground. We took several sets 


the canon 


118 


of their eggs but in each case the 
bird seemed not to be in the vicinity 
of the nest. 

The nests, which all looked old and 
flimsy, were lined with shreds of red- 
wood bark whose rich brown color 
made a pretty back-ground for the four 
creamy white, brown spotted eggs 
which the nest almost invariably con- 
tained. The nest was usually situated 
against the body of the tree at the base 
of alimb. I have found them on the 
ground under logs, in old stumps and 
in piles of drift, but always near the 
water, often overit. We fished our way 
down to the cart and got a nice mess of 
trout. We hitched up and started back 
for the Llagas creek proposing to camp 
there that night and hunt along it the 
following day. It was near _ sunset 
when we found a suitable camping place. 
Our blankets were spread underan arch 
made by two large buckeye trees. The 
leafy canopy formed a kind of ceiling 
which reflected the light of our camp 
fire as we fried our trout and boiled the 
coffee, a supper fit for kings. After the 
fire had burned low we lay rolled up in 
our blankets looking through the Jeaves 
at the stars in the clear sky. But the 
music of the brook, the whispering 
breezes and the distant hooting owl 
soon led us into dreamland where we 
found numbers of nests each containing 
dozens of eggs of various sizes, we saw 
hummingbirds sitting on ostrich eggs 
and eagles nesting on the ground. 

A chorus of singing birds awoke us, 
the bright sun was shining through the 
leaves and turning all the dew-drops 
into diamonds. A hasty breakfast of 
trout and coffee and we were off. Will 
started for the stream to wash his hands 
and as he passed under the opposite 
side of our sheltering tree I saw him 
dodge, then he laughed, and reaching 
up among the leaves and holding them 
apart called for me to look. As [ came 
up I had occassion to dodge also then 
we both laughed. When a humming 


THE OOLOGIST. 


bird flies about an inch from your ear 
without you seeing her I assure you, 
you will be startled. I looked where 
Will was reaching up and saw what look- 
ed like the bowl ofaclay pipe stuck te 
the limb. It was the nest of the Anna’s 
Hummingbird that had startled us. It 
was made of the yellow down frem the 
sycamore and resembled a small conical 
sponge saddled to the twig. It contain-~ 
ed two pearly elipsoids—and thus our 
luck began. As we reached the stream 
another hummer whizzed past us and 
poised in mid air over the water turning 
its jeweled head from side to side while 
its brilliant neck feathers shon ersplend- 
ant in the sun and glittered with ada- 
mantine lustre. With a sudden turn it 
darted lightning-like touts nest where it 
lit without apparently checking its 
speed. This nest was 20 ft. above the 
water. It was composed of pure white 
willow cotton and decorated with green 
moss and lichens which were bound on 
with spider web. 

Two youngsters greeted me with 
wide opened mouths and I descended in 
disgust. This was the Black-chinned 
Hummingbird. 

We started up the creek but we seem- 
ed to have our best luck near our camp-= 
ing place. On a low limb of a syeamore 
IT found a nest of the Arkansas Goldfinch 
with a set of four eggs in it. The nest, 
was of fine grass and down. Will 
meantime found a set of the same and 
one of Lawrence’s Goldfinch. In a 
shrubby live oak near by I took a set of 
four eggs of Black-headed Grossbeak, 
which were fresh but another set near 
by were badly incubated. Toward noon 
our luck gave out and I became restless 
and began to amuse myself by throwing 
rocks. In passing under a large syca-~ 
more tree I threw a green buckeye balk 
among its low hanging branches. It 
struck the trunk of the tree and burst 
into a thousand pieces, and as it struck 
I heard a hum of wings and a pretty 
Black-chinned Hummingbird darted 


THE OOLOGIST. 119 


from its nest and poised before me then 
darted back again. It’s 
the oue seen earlier in the day but-it 
contained eggs. 

It would make my story too long to 
recite much more detail, so I will mere- 
ly mention what we took during the re- 
mainder of the day. 

During the afternoon we went below 
our camping place. In the rose thickets 
we found several sets of eggs of 
of the Lazuli Bunting. The eggs usu- 
ally three or four are of a light blue 
color and vary greatly in shape in the 
different sets. In the same’ brushy 
places we found the Long-tailed Chat 
nesting and had some success with 
them. Further down I came suddenly 
upon the nest of a Bullock’s Oriole sus- 
pended about 10 feet above the water. 
I had to exercise a great deal of in- 
genuity to get it but was at last reward- 
‘ ed with a set of three fresh eggs. One 

of the. prettiest nests I found was that 
of the Warbling. Vireo. I took three 
that day each containing foureggs. The 
nest is a perfect basket made of blades of 
grass and leaves and hung ina crotch 
usually within reach from the ground. 
These pretty birds slip quietly away as 
youapproach but I know they musttreas- 
ure their cosy homes. Well~ to 
make a long story short our cans were 
full of eggs so we started home. I have 
had many delightful trips out this one 
had so many pleasant surprises that it 
is one of the cherished pages of my 
memory. 
C. CHAMBRELIN, 


Golden, Coloaado. 


2 2 a 


Illinois River Valley. 


From an Ormithological Standpoint. 


Have you heard of this river? Per- 
haps, yes; perhaps no. Peradventure 
you have an idea that it isa small stream 
running through a prairie state, has no 
particular beauty and attractions from 


nest was like . 


an ornithological standpoint. Butsuch 
is not the case. 

Flowing across the state of Illinois, 
from the north east to the south west, it 
empties into the great Mississippi in its 
downward course to the Gulf. A river 
having not only beauty but historical 
events. In days gone by, flocks of 
brilliant Paroquets dashed hither and 
thither, buffalo wander over yonder 
prairie, and the swarthy Indian paddled 
his own canoe, and lived on the fat of 
the land. Ah! how changed. 

The Dlinvis River Valley is a rich 
ornithological field notwithstanding the 
encroachment of civilization. The char- 
acter of the country is varied enough to 
break the monotonous similarity which 
is found in so many places, and one 
will not tire of traveling within its bor- 
ders. 

The valley consists of bottoms, mead- 
ows, fields and bluffs. 

The bottoms or low lands, which are 
an important factor in a large aviau 
fauna, predominate along the river. 
The heavy timbered portions, chiefly 
elm, maple, cottonwood and sycamore, 
extend along the river, broken here and 
there by long stretches of willow-swamps 
know to fame as the resort of Prothon- 
otaria citrea, and sloughs, and small 
lakes innumerable. The sloughs, in 
most eases, surround small bodies of 
water, and consist of a heavy growth of 
reeds, flags, wild rice, and marsh grass 

Here and there where bluffs extend to 
the river, high banks are found and 
sandy beaches. 

Between the low lands and the bluffs 
are fine meadows where the Bartramians 
delight to dwell. and grain fields out of 
which comes the merry whistle of the 
Bob-white. - 

We next approach the hills, covered 
with thickets of hazel brush and black- 
berry vines, in which lives the noisy 
Chat, by growth of oak and hickory, in 
whose lofty branchesthe Buteos delight 
to build, and’ mingled here and there 


120 


are ravines out of which flow coolsprings 
and pleasant waters. 

Beyond, the praires ....... of what 
remains since thriving farms have been 
established, but we go no farther. 

The reader will therefore see that the 
valley is so adapted that quite a variety 
of bird life may be found. 

It has been discovered by investiga- 
tion that the tide of migration follows 
the water courses. The Illinois is so 
situated that it forms an important 
highway to transient species. The vast 
multitudes of transients moving upward 
through the great Mississippi Valley in 
the spring, do not all keep in the direct 
course of this river. Many branch off 
up the Missouri Valley, some up the 
Ohio, the majority probably follow up 
the Mississippi, but those bound for the 
region of the Great Lakes, strike up the 
Illinois, cross or follow up Lake Mich- 
igan and thus reach their summer 
home. 

Food and shelter are two essential 
elements which tend to allure transient 
species. With both of these the Illinois 
is abundantly supplied. 
f= The great numbers of water fowl pass- 
ing semi-annually through the valley, 
find an abundant supply of both food 
and shelter in the numerous ponds, 
lakes and sloughs. : 

The smaller species keep to the tim- 
bered bottoms, the brush piles, the 
weedy fields and roadside. Thus the 
_ Valley is well adapted to both sustain 
and shelter the thousands of transient 
birds. 

The great variety of resident and 
summer resident species to be found 
in the valley, is due also to the food 
and shelter afforded. 

The Illinois has fully her share of sum- 
mer residents, The character of the 
country is such as to insure good nest- 
ing sites for many different species. 
From the bottoms to the hills will be 
found a rich field for an ormithologist’s 
research. 


“THE OOLOGIST. 


While of course the number of re- 


- sidents do not begin to compare with 


that of summer residents, it is by no 
means small. 

The variety of winter residents de- 
pends entirely on the severity of the 
season. If mild, many of the transients 
remain, while on the other hand, if the 
weather proves severe, they remove 
south and are replaced by more hardier 
species from the north. The Snowy 
Owl and Crossbills are an example of 
such. 

The difference in latitude and long- 
itude between the source and mouth of 
the Illinois is enough to effect the fauna 
of each extreme. For instance, the 
Turkey Buzzard and Summer Tanager 
are found in the Southern half of the 
valley only, and the Boboblink and 
Yellow-headed Blackbird belong to the 
northern half. Some birds, summer 
residents at the source, are residents or 
winter residents at the mouth. I have 
no doubt but what upon investigation 
the western forms of certain species, 
such as the Maryland Yellow-throat or 
Meadow-lark,will be found to predomi- 
nate at the mouth of this river, and the 
eastern forms predominating at the 
SOWUKEOS 

Many visitors appear on the river 
which we otherwise would not have 
were it not for Lake Michigan. These 
species are gulls, terns and others of 
like character, appearing as either sum- 
mer or winter visitors: At Peoria,. 
where many of my observations have 
been made, I have noticed that strong 
nortzeast winds generally bring the 
gulls. Undoubtedly they drift down — 
from the Lake with the wind. Other 
marine visitors are not uncommon. 
Western and southern visitors, or per- 
haps I bad better say stragglers, are 
frequently taken. . 

So far, I have endeavored to present 
a descriptive article on the Illinois 
River Valley as a collecting field for 
an olnithologist. Very little, if any 


» Egret and Cormorants. 


“PHH OOLOGIST. 


«whatever; hasbeen said aboute the 
birds themselves, the hunting and 
shooting of wild fowls, their resorts 


and points of interest on the river. 


Wild fowl shooting now is not what 


it was fifty years ago, at least that is 


what they say. Nevertheless it at- 
tracts many hunters still, and at some 
points is very good. The lakes and 
sloughs are a great rendezvous to the 
ducks and geese in their migration. 
Among the most noted of hunting re- 
sorts on the river is Spring Lake, situ- 
ated some twenty or thirty miles below 
Peoria. Others of probably equal 
importance are found at other points 
of the river, but I pass on. 

Interesting objects are the heronies 
of the Gt. Blue Heron, American White 
It is also re- 
ported that the Wood Ibis has been 
found at Potato Lake, in the southern 
portion of the valley. 

The Bald Eagle and the Fish Hawk 
are not unknown in this vicinity, and 
not afew eyries exist in the noble trees 
in the bottoms. 

Of the beauty of this river I could 
say much, if. space were mine. Nat- 
ure has equally endowed it with in- 
teresting and beautiful features, as it 
has with its birds, its-trees and its 


~ flowers. 


7 


“ing, 
‘Virginia Rail, the ‘skin of which Inow 


“bank ‘of ‘a rushing 
“near heve. - 
‘lost, as I never before saw any: water 
* birds ‘in’ such ‘a: locality. 


Wm. E. Loucks, 
Peoria, Illinois. 


at 


VIRGINIA RAIL IN CALIFORNIA. 
On the first of October, 1892 while hunt- 
a friend of mine«-shot ‘a .male 
‘have. The bird aas- standing. on the 
mountain stream 
It must have been sadly 


- the’ oecurrence’ of the’Virginia. Rail 


“-reeorded Westofthe Rockies: 


: Would 

JL to’ hear from others on th‘s suet 

Mak o ' JOE GRINNELL, « 
Pasadena, Cal. 


I do not find - 


FEBRUARY GONTHST. ~~ 
One- hundred and thirty- five Judges. 


Prize winners. and credits received by 
each were as follows:— 


1. The American Osprey. 378. 
2. California Vulture. 372. 


Collecting Black Vulture Eggs. 
Collecting in Chicago. 

5. Scientific 
teurs. 226. 

The following were each awarded a 
duplicate of the fifth prize: 

A Collection of North Carolina Birds 
Eggs. 154. 

Some Sparrows in Minnesota. 135. 

A years subscription to the OdLoatsr 
was awarded: 


256. 


Ostevlogy for Ama- 


A Lucky Day. 96. 
Only thirteen Judgos named the 
winning articles and only. one.their 


exact order. 

The Judges prizes were awarded, as 
follows: 

1. No. 123—O. E. Crooker, Madison, 
Wisconsin. 

2. No. 107—A..G. Prill,-M..D. ne 
ville, Oregon.:2, 1,-4,.3;.5 


BY INO): ae Ediound Heller, River- 
side, Cal. 1, 2,4, 5, 8 u 
4, No. 133— Suc aBs Baker. Lexing- 


tony, Ky. 22. .o; 4° 3. 


5. No, 38— i R. Hutchinson, Gaines, 
ING Moo By Ie 
“Above, we es the prize. won 
—the Judge’s recorded number—their 
name and address and the order in 
which they named the winning articles. 

The following were each mailed a 
copy of the World's. Fair Almanac. 

E. F. Murch, Maine. 
_Arthur Lohman, Wisconsi }. 

E, Baxter, Indiana. _ 


i. Bert Gillette, New. York., 


Walter Truitt, Kansas. 
-L-Geo. Woodruff, New York City. 
R. C. Alexander, Michigan. | 
J. V. Crone, Towa. 
_ All prizes were mailed Mee 20th. 


122 THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H.LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 
Editor and Publisher. 


Corresyondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and ges, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 
Single Subscription - - 50c per annum 
Sample Copies - - 5c each 
The above rates include pay yment. of postage by us. 


Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good 
for an Exchange Notice and the other tor 25c. 
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 
Send stamp for Premium List for obtaining new 
subscribers. 

Subseriptions must begin with either January 
or July issues. Back numbers ci the OoLoaisr 
can be furnished at reasonable rates. Send 
stamp for descriptions and prices. 

"Remember that the publisher must be no- 
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa- 
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. 


NEW ADVERTISING RATES. 
20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION. 


Twelve lines in every inch. 
SPECIAL RarTss, for advertisements continued 


Three months or more, per line................ 15¢ 
Six months or more, per line........ dd0D0000 124¢ 
Twelve months or more, per line.............. 10¢ 


For advertisements occupying any one issue 
One-half column (42 lines) or more, per line....15¢ 
One column (84 lines) or more, per line...... 1243¢ 
One page (168 lines) or more. per line.......... 10¢ 


Cash must accompany all orders. 


Remittances should be made by Draft, Express 
or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or 
Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of 
any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un- 
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts 
payable and address all subscriptions and com- 
munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, 

Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y. 


*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries 
for publication should be forwarded as early in 
the month as possible. 


ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER, 
eoeaaen = 


Tribulations of the Oologist. 


\ 


You’ve been a collector—a student of Nature, 
A number_of years I will venture to say, 
You’ve had a good share of this world’s joys and 
SOrrows, 
For the poet has told us: 
day.” 


‘‘Hach dog has his 


Itake it for granted you’ve thought o’er the 
matter, 
And concluded Oology should be your choice: 


This effusion may bring back some fond reeol~ 
lections, 
So you, with the writer,can mourn and rejoice. 


How well J remember my first egg collection, 
The gems it contained made me thrill with 


delight, 
It embraced twenty singles of all shapes and 
colors, 
End-blown, with holes that were not ‘out of 
sight.” 


I called them by names that were not scientific, 
They were Big Chippy, Linnet, Little Chippy 
and Jay, 
And a good many others,—but. Pll spare the in- 
fiction. 
For this rare collection has vanished to stay. 
We all can remember the trips we have taken, 
The trees we have climbed; and the falls we 
have met, 
And oft in our minds sadly lingers the mem’ry, 
Of the nests we couldn't reach and the eggs we 
didn’t get. 


There are many collectors who're aiter rare 
species, 
That nestin the ocean tar off from the land, 
Tis they who find out what is true tribulation, 
When they start to go on a trip that is grand, 


Ican stand disappointments and falls, and go 


hungry, 
I can wade through the mud and stay out in 
the rain, ; 
But when seasickness comes and claims me his 
victim, 


I’m free to confess it gives me great pain. 


And atter it’s over, you should be very thankful, 
That your chances were greater than those of 
of this verse, 
For this missed the basket by so short a dis- 
tance, 
lve concluded it could be but little bit worse, 
C. BARLOW, Santa Clara, Cal. 


PERTINACIOUS, PERNICIOUS 
(S)PARROW, Passer Preposterous.— 
Puglistic, pusillanimous, prosaic, pleb- 
eian. Plutonic, parsimonious, plunder- 
ing, phlegmatic pagan. Positively per- 
tinacious; preternaturally prurient;fpre- 
eminently pugnacious; profoundly pir- 
atical. Prefers protection; presents 
plentiful petulence; particularly preda- 
cious. Possesses parental propensili- 
ties; procreates preposterously; proving 
peculiarly pernicious. Paradoxical, 
pillaging passer. PETER PETTGREW, 
Podunk, Pa. 


THE OOLOGIST. 123 


Bl D Nesting in North-west Canada.5o+ 
PRICE $2.00. CLOTH $2.50. 

Sample plates of Birds Eggs can be had at 10 cents each. They 

are fully worth 25 cents each; or I will send six plates for 50 cents. 


All different, figuring eggs of Golden Eagle, Duck, Pigeon and Red-tail 
Hawks, Merlin, Kestrel, Sparrow Hawks, Gyrfalcons, Raven, Gulls, 


Plovers, Sandpipers, Cranes, Bohemian Waxwing, 


Grosbeaks, Long- 


spars and nearly 70 species of rare Birds Eggs. 
After you have seen the plates you alll not part with them for 


double the price you give for them. 


plates. 


Note the price—s5o cents for 6 


If you want a copy. of this work, order at once before they are 


all sold. JI have received over 
have read this book. 


100 Testimonials from those who 
Read the following opinions of well known 


Naturalists, and judge for yourselves whether you had not better se- 
cure a copy before the price goes up. 


Dear Raine: —Received Bird-Nesting in North 
West Canada. The excellence of the work 
atones for the delay. The eggs figured in gen- 
eral faithfulness of coloring and design exceed 
my expectation. The letter-press and plates 
of birds and nests ‘tn stitw’’ more than bear 
out the announcement made in the prospectus. 

C. L. RAWSON, Norwich, Conn. 


SING SING, N. Y. 
Dear Sir: I have read your book, and I am 
free to confess that it has given me a great deal 
of pleasure, not to speak of the information 
that I have derived from it. Send me another 
copy, best edition, and if you should ever write 
another book as good as this, and as reasonable 
in price, | would thank you to let me know. I 
wish you many kind wishes on your expedition 

next spring to the North. 
REV. A. H. GESNER. 


Sr. JOHN, NEW BRUNSWICK. 
Dear Sir: -I have just finished reading your 
book and am delighted with it. I would not 
have missed it for double the price. The plates 
alone are worth the price of the book, and some 
of the pen pictures are grand. Every lover of 
nature and sport should readit. Yours. &c., 
J. W. BANKS. 


FARMINGHAM, MASS. 
Dear Sir:—I received your book O. K., and 
* after looking it over, am agreeably surprised 
and more than satisfied. The profusion of 
illustrations adds greatly to its interest. 
Yours, C. O. TROWBRIDGE. 


PETERSBURG, MICHIGAN. 
Dear Sir:—Bird-Nesting in North-West Cana- 
da was duly received, and I am very much 
pleased with it. The plates of Birds Eggs are 
equal to any I have ever seen. 
JEROME TROMBLEY. 


Dear Sir:—I recently gave a set of Bald Ea- 
gles eggs for a copy of ‘Bird Nesting in N. W. 
Canada.”’ I think it is one of the most interest- 
ing books on O. and O. that I ever read, and the 
color ed plates of eggs are very fine, etc., etc. 
Fraternally Yours, CHARLES AC Y WHITE 
Omaha, Neb., March 7, 1898. 


PoNTIAC. MICHIGAN, 
Dear Sir:—I am very much pleased with the 
book. The plates of Birds Eggs, and also those 
of Birds and their Nests’are excellent, and the 
descriptions alone are worth double the price 
of the book. EH. B. SCHRAGE. 


PLYMOUTH, MICHIGAN. 
Dear Sir:—Bird N+sting in N. W. C. received. 
Tam very much pleased with its contents and 
its fine illustrations. Itshould bein the hands 
of every Oologist, as it gives so fine a descrip- 
tion of the nesting grounds of so many of our 
migratory land and water birds. 
Yours Hraternally. 
JAMES B. PURDY. 


NORWALK, CONN. 
Dear Sir:—Your book “Bird Nesting in 
North-West Canada” received in good order, 
and I have almost read it through. I think it 
the most interesting book on Oology that I 
have ever read. [am more than pleased with 
it, etc. D. W. RAYMOND. 


DURHAM, ENGLAND. 
Dear Sir:—The perusal of your book has giv- 
en me great pleasure. Though I am what 
might be termed an ornithological veteran in the 
field, having used the gun aS a sportsman and 
collector over 60 years, I often felt ready to join 
you in the many rambles where n you were so 
successfully rewarded, and you can imagine 
the effect as I followed the details of your wor- 

dy picture, etc. JAMES SUTTON. 


ges Books mailed on same day of receiving the order. 


W. RAINE, Bleeker St., Toronto Canada, 


124 


New Standard Catalogue 


OF 
North /\merican Pirds [eggs 
COMPILED-BY 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. E. Bendire, J 
Parker Norris, Ae and 
Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific. name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O. 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species, over one 
hundred of which never appeared omany print 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 
Dealer or Collector. as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or, could furnish 
all the species whose values are given, and 


from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 


The Catalogue is printed on extra quality ‘of. : 


paper and contains 53 pages, size 3144x5\% in. 
, Price 35.cents per copy,, 3 copies for $t.00. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion. 


Aor 


iy ONLY DIRECTORY onzarts 


= 7 i) Guaranteeing 30,000. F 
6d} oro, | only-10 cents (regular iprice 
Li 25 cents.) your name, if ire- 


ceived withini next 30 
Pa days, Will be BOLDLY 
printed on gummed 


lishers, Mannufactur- 
iiers and others, you 
||| Will receive huidreds 
# probably © thousands, 
au of . valuable “Books, 
Samples, Papers, Maga- 
zines, etc. All-free and 
each parcel with ‘one of 
‘your ‘boldly: ‘printed’ ad_ 
EXTRA! We will also 

print and pecnay pe ostage on 500 of your gummed 

~addresses to you, for— your-personal use; which are 

Waluable to stick’ on your envelopes, books, cian to 
gi =uprevent their'being lost; RemsvitiB, Nis Dec, 6, 
“ft eb “ASSL, DEAR SrRs— My, 500 addresses received: Fyrom 
;{ dy 25;cent.address in jyour sLightning. Direetory 
; Bike received over 3,000: -parcels of, mail. My 


esses pasted thereon: 


étc, arebrr riving daily, on! venelne) parcels of 
oniall -parts-of the World. J. iA 


naa Frc RE. 


SRSrIG te LIGHTNING DIRECTORY C0. 


Raise 


~ Department: ‘No, 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


af oo cer WANDED.— : 2a “hand copies or: either | 
bos Beyreonse “Ridgw ay’s:Mantal.’? 
it io} or exchange: 

ewe berms: 


‘4Coues’— 
Willgive ica: h 


PRANK Ha cLAPTIN 


Som 


> there isnot a Dealer who could, furnish over. 


paper, and from Pub- ~ 


we Frank H. Leia aie - 


“Addresses you scattered ane publishers,manufac- ~~ 


Write stating nonditions;| edition-« 
ener ) 


ote 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Best Work on Ornitholo- 
gy for the Mississippi Valley, 
for the price ever aa 
is the 


HISTORY 


OF THE 


Birds of Kansas, 


By Col. N.S. Goss. 


Col. Goss was a life longe-Naturaiist; an! enthius. 
iast in his chosen study of Ornithology: . em- 
ber of the Council of the American Orni Ss poei- 
ealUnion, and-a recognized, AU UAORTY, on his 
chosen subject. ~ 

The Goss Ornithological Collection is solély:the 
work of this author. Hach specimen has been 
obtained and preserved ‘by his) own etfortsand 
the entire collection—which is one of the largest 
inthe country. the result of one man’s ‘exertions 
- has been presented to tne State of Kansas, and 
is-on-exhibition in a room in the State: House’ set 
apart by law for that purpose;and his entire time 
and fortune was. devoted to its perfection; long 
and expensive trips were annually made. to, in- 
crease the collection. : 

The book is handsomely hound, ‘nt fuil-cloth, 
with gold embossed back and sidés.. There. eae 
693 pages. beside the photogravure, il Lastratio tpns 
of 529 birds. 343 species and sub- -species are. lly 
described —special attention being given to their 

_nests and eggs. — 

“This valuable work was published at $7,509, but 
o.. by special arrangment.. with. the. publishers we 
less are OM, alle to offer, Ab a the; 5 


397) 


10 


OO; or ¢ . 
PREPAID. : [eo 


“It y ow want 2. ‘copy_send in your order 


pide s6oC 


AO ool 15, as i 


ce 
1S iW boesslg 
on x {¢ pe 


pe aycee 


[ Db willgive, ‘Specimens ‘of. nie 7 igin aie RAT 7 TK 
‘ing space in the OoLocrst. and for Fil ae good y cane big money. Bran new 
offers anything I offer for sale or poss bly CASH pa a Great craze. Just out. 
for first-class Indian ‘Relies, or, form 8, oy 2d) nie, G Goo. L side ang: Biggest chance _ 
hand books {nm Natural History. in goo di- e fered agénts:Salary or com- 
tiod, ornithology or oology preferred—a set of jie lone Be quick. Free, MUL: 
‘Natural Htstory of New. York and copies, ak d PanatLoc 5 
Giaea Goues! Key’ especially’ désirdd. HRANK! © STIRLBXICO.,.N “iy ie Gh Phila..Pa. 


Hi 


LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


Department No. 171, SCORING, Pa. 


THE OOLOGIST. 125 


CURIOS. KAW 


— ~~ 


“CHAS. K.REED, a 
ESTER .MASS.3" 


HAVE YOU. 


RHEUMATISM? 


Or do you know any friend or 
neighbor afflicted with any form of 
Rheumatism; if so send his or her 
address on a Postal Card to the 


PARISH CHEMICAL ’€O., 
Parish, N. Y. 


Rheumatism has been conquered 
by them and they wiil prove it to 
you. It will cost but one cent to in- 
vestigate this. J3t. 


YOU mare 54 dav 


DAY 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside: everybody 
wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c syamp 
and we will mail you4 Free Samples and full 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


Qur Birds in their Haunts 


A POPULAR TREATISE ON © 
THE BiRDS or EASTERN NORTU AMERICA, 
BY REY. J. If. LANGILLE, M. A. 


Brief descriptions, and for the most part FULL 
LIFE HISTORIES are given of all the species 
common east of the Mississippi, with special at- 
tention to the songs and nesting. and the curious 
and fascinatiog, ot which there isso much in the 
lives of these wonderful creatures. The narra- 
tive follows. for the most part. the order of the 
Sesasons) and groups itself abont certa‘n interest- 
ing localities. as Niagara River and St. Clair 
Flats. Migration, instinct, the analogy of nidifi- 
cation, the specialized forms and adaptations of 
structure in birds, etc., all made readable. 

_ The work is mostly from personal observation, 

incorporating a tull report tor Western New 

York ani the adjoining regions of the Great 

Lakes, and a pretty full report for Nova Scotia. 

flso a good deal of direct intormation from Hud- 

sons Bay, by means of an excellent correspon- 
ent. 

8 vo. cut down, 624 pages, 25 illustrations, 
handsomeiy boind in cloth. Price reduced from 
$3.00 to ONLY $2.25 per copy, prepaid. 


“men. 


60,000 Sold 
For Over Forty Years 


have enjoyed a high reputation. Bril- 
liant and musical; tone of rare syipa- 
thetic quality; beautiful for vocal ac- 
companiment. Durably constructed of 
finest material by most skillful work- 
Exceptional ia retaining original 
richness and fullness of tone. Require 
tuning less often than any other piano. 


PRICES MODERATE. 
TERMS EASY. 


SEND FOR CATALOGUE, 


Emerson Piano Co., 


174 Tremont Street, 
BOSTON, MASS. 
ae 92 Fifth Avenue, New York, 


Stores (218 :Wabash-Ave., Chicago 
JAPANESE CURIOS. 
COIN, Large Oblong, Tem'pos 2-2). 15¢e 
ENVELOPES, Pkg of 24 -:.......... Sia aed Bena 15¢ 


LOOFAH or Vegetable Sponge, 15 to 18 inch 
long, unexcelled for bath or flesh brush 
ASC Ey ae a ALD a elie Nk ne hee OC 

BOOKS on varied subjects, about 100 pages 
Thal WON SIEYG| IRINCS. LEBY ene Sy ee Pye 

VEGETABLE TOOTH POWDER. box ...... 10¢ 


INGANE/RGRINIS Bi CaCO Ziere = ee eee ee ae eee 10¢ 
SKELETONS. an unique toy .........-..... .. .- 10¢e 
CHICKENS. an Easter novelty .................... 0c 
FROGS - Large 4s genuine croakers .............10¢ 
AFIUN ECO) TEV AISI RCHOMIMSS sos She as sce assoc ceeee eee a) 10c 
MINATURE LANTERN, 4 in._.._.-..---...--.:-.- 10¢ 
BIRDS ON WHISTLES, Museum Speci- 

TOUS PONS a Lett a aI ek eer Te aa a eats 10¢ 


TOOTH PICKS, 500 in straw box .................10¢ 

Any of above sent postpaid upon receipt of 
price, or to Close out, tne entire lot for $1.10— 
only about 20 lots in all. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y. 


ALL future transa*tions in Birds Eggs shoula 
be and with “Lattin” must be based on the pric- 
es given ia the New ‘‘Standard Catalague.” 


126 


Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa Specialty. 


ScapHitTEs Nopusus, M. and H. 
/NOOMIAMENES|, LONESOME 15 


JAG UNO BNAIOIMNTI AUR aoe Le es oaks bececseete 15 
ATHSOMVON DM athe llitOT; Wai Sissies sees Sere. 20 
IB ACUMIITESKOV AUS eee 10 to $1.00 
CallistayD ewe wales: ee oie ene _.15 tO .25 
LO Kewou era UT UUM, APENOMIG ood oe aes anee eek sesees ceceoeh: 15 
Haminea minor ie) SIR TARR Men BL A Oe CNN Set Ee ag 15 


Inoceramus Ned 


se Girisyone ee a 16 to a6 5 
LEROD OE TEE, CO LaVGH ADVE sae cen 15 
Lucina subundata 22. ; Beer as Mana 15 
MarganitaeNebrasensisweu eee, 15 


INIUIG WIE), CRINGE oo ok ec sre eesces Sees 80 15 
Scaphites nodusus 10 to $2.00 


IMS GEST UPTO Tea eos eee cea Da peo ra ee 15 

LUEMUSTS Gia S OMT eee 2 aay ates enn eens 15 

Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus.. 
Rese Gre ie ie SED mI a eal ey ihe UN nee CS is 25 tO . 75 


Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to .50 
Tregonucarpus nuts (ossil) size of Hickorv 


IU Ce 2 Ge I de ale ed -20 TO .25 

IN OSSIPIC AV CSi is) ake eet ice er ta 15 to .75 
AR ALES OU O ete ee ann eT a 10 to .50. 
Se OLISITe Clit 5 See ree aeeaie iee cee ..25 to $2.00 
California Onvx. polished......... ............ 40 to $1.75 
PeloskeyarAlwalGesh. anew ney Une, 25 to .75 
MOSSTILE HM Sierra Ae AAMT S nae enero se 15 to .75 
JEXS HTM MELOL WACO) owas Sev vieng eocbeeneecstenaseo 10 to .50 
AD aLIZE Ci wiOOCiee a eos eure, JOU ees 10 to .50 
PORCELAIN Kees RNIN eS AN Seana 10. to .25 
SOON ACO) Meh 10 60 25 
Sponge lava, will float in Waite meena: -15 to .50 


Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses 


(OFS OV 0 Wiig) scene COSI OU ee eee ae 15 to .50 
Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per 

OLE WU eaNe Re MO ECCS Pao $1.50 to $2.00 
Builalowhorns: per pain ee 50 to $1.50 
Rattles trom Rattlesnake 9.22... 10 to .25 


Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Si gapore 
Nes WIG an te aBR AU RU SA ba) A eed aie Sent dey 25 to $2.00 
Small mixed shells from West Indes. per pint .50 
Large Assortment of showy American and 
HOMES My SICHIS eases 10 to $5.00 each 


1O per cent discount on cash orders of 


$10.00 or more. 
Send for price lists. 
Homer Squyer, 


Mingusville, - - Montana. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees, Manuzacturers, ete., 
are daily requesting us to supply tire addresses. 
ot reliable circular distributors, bill posters, 
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and wilh 
open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to one man, woman 
or youth in every town and hamlet in the U. 8S. 
and Canada. ‘The early bird catches the 
worm.” We wanta few such aids. aS Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD 
RUN Nails up signs, distributes circul- 

ars, papers, samples, ete . through- 
out Blackhawk and surrounding counties 
only $3.00 per 1000. Address W.H.BRUNN, 
Waterloo, fa. 

Brunn paid $2. 40 to insert above 4 lines, June 
90. He began during the summer. That ad: 
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con- 
constantly busy, employs three men to assist. 
him, clearing on their labor from #10 to $15 a 
day ‘distributing circularsat %'.00 per 1000 for 
many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD, 
It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone 
to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm 
who employ you of $7 yer 1000. Ten firms may 
each send you 1000 at the same time. making 
1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which 
you would promptly receive $30, {15in advance 
and $15 when work is done. Pareuts make 
your boysap esent. Start them inthis growing 
business. Begin this neat bus ness before 
some one in your county gets the start of you. 
“Come inon the ground floor.” Insti uctions. 
How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each 
distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or 
postage stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad’’. 

AGENTS HERALD, 
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’, Pa. 


“It is worth the price to every person 
who even reads a newspaper.” —Darlirgicn 
-ournal, 


ss 


BLUE PENCIL RULES. 


A. G NEVINS. 


A Pocket Primer for the use of Reporters, 
Correspondenis and Copy Choppers. 
Short, simple snd practical rules for 
making and editing newspaper copy, 
and of equal value to all who wish to 
write correct English. 


Sent on receipt of price. Piice, 10 cents 
pr copy. ALLAN FORMAN, Publisher, 
117 Nassvu Street, New York. 


CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE 


Sea Shells, Corals. Minerals. Bird Skins and 
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento- 
mologests. Botanists and Oologists. Taxid- 
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and 
aquarums. 


40 page Tiinetneteal Catalogue for 2c stamp. . 
C. F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 


THE OOLOGIST. | 127 


Excursion Club to Attend the World’s Fair. 


If you have any desire to visit the 
World’s Fair at Chicago, bear in mind 
that the United World’s Fair Excursion 
Co. is a sound organization, with ample 
capital to fulfil their promises. ‘lhe 
company sells tickets on the installment 
plan, retunding all but first payment if 
you fail to go, apply to United World’s 
Fair Exposition Co., N. E. Dep’t, 406 
Exchange B’ld’g, Boston, Mass. 


PREMIUMS offered with the OoLoGist in ’83 
89. 9) and *¥1. Wehaveatew of the tollowing 
left,—all wrapped ready tor mailing and as long 
as they last will send prepaid at prices quoted— 
whick are about }#¢ usnal ones. No. 1—'‘halce- 
dony Geode8c. No. 2—Call Bell 20c. No. 3— 
Large Acorn Barnacle 8c. No. 4—leg-s of each. 
RQ w’e. 263, 272, 312 and 370, 20e. No. 5--1 egg 
each. No. 1. 63, 135, 149a, 237 and 271, 29c. No. 6 
—Ege of Noddy. 20c. No 7—9 in. Brass Bulb 
Blowpipe 20c. N»). 8—Eee case of Periwinkle 
and Lucky Tooth of Cod 2vuc. No. 9—5in. Horse- 
Shoe Magnet 25c. No. 10—P’k’g of African Coral- 
Ine Sc. NO. 11—A fine spec. ot ea. Nerita and 
Chama se. No. 12—2N. Z. Beetle Nuts 8c. No. 
13 2 Resurrection Plants !0c. No. 14—Fosil Sea 
Urehins 6c. No. 15—‘:Kid Couch” se., Sea an 9¢. 
No 16 2 Boxes Pharaoh Serpent Eggs se. No. 
17-—Large Alligator Tooth 7c. No. 18—Kgeg of 
Hammerhead Shark 10c. No. 19—Ham Shell ¢c. 
No. 20--Phillipine Sea Urchin 6c. No. 2i1—A 
Carved Brazilian Ivory Nut 10c. No. 2z—spec. 
Polished Agate 9c. No. 23—One exvg of each, 
Nos. 1, 12, 13, 22. 231,214, H. S. S11, 258. 251, 378, 
278, 289, 304, 460. 63. 153, 157, 320 282 and 69).55cts. 
No. 24—One evg of ea. 123. 145, 149a, 204, 237, 
254, 244, 260, 264, 278b, 300b, 306. 64a and 496, Tie. 
No. 25—35 named Small shells, 75e. Address, 
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albioo, N. . 


PLEASE STOP MY EXCHANGE NOTICE 
AT ONCE. Youcantalk about your papers, 
but I never saw any that could hold a candle to 
the OoLoaisr. Ihave exchanged $60.00 worth 
of Stamps just by putting in that little Ex. no- 
tice. CHAS. ACEY WHITE, Omaha, Neb. 


WIRE a 
* & & POULTRY 
~ (Ses INC. 


eID — AOA 2 LAN LL OEAALS sw 


(> SEND 


FOR FURTHER INFORMATION. 


3 
The McMullen Woven Wire Fence (o., 


118 and 120 N. Market St., Chicago. 


9 4sea Shells in neat cabinet, named 
‘ (scientific) and illustrated cata- 
4) logue of Nat. Hist. specimens, post 
paid, 30c. C.F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 


Scientific American 
Agency for 


> CAVEATS, 
TRADE MARKS, 
DESICN PATENTS; | 
COPYRIGHTS, ete. 
For information and free Handbook write to 
MUNN & CO., 361 BROADWAY, NEW YorE. 
Oldest bureau for securing patents in America. 
Every patent taken out by us is brought before 
the public by anotice given free of charge in the 


Seentitic Anevican 


Largest circulation of any scientific paper in the 
world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelligent 
man should be without it. Weekly, S3.0@ a 
vear; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & CQ. 
PUBLISHERS, $61 Broadway, New York City. 


{00 Varieties of Eggs, 


'7 OO. 


The above offer holds good the year 
around. All collectors and readers of 
this paper should send stamp for my 
new price lists of Birds Eggs. 

Addvess at once, 


WALTER F. WEB, 


GENEVA,N.Y. 


Taxidermists, Collectors, 
Trappers. 


Iam pleased to announce that I have pur- 
chased the secret by which the French tanners 
manufacture their glove kid and have so chang- 
ed it as to meet the wants of taxidermists and 
trappers. I will be pleased to send a large sam- 
ple of Panther skin, prepared with this tan, my 
catalogue and directions for 10c. The Panther 
skin cost me a large sum and I can only send 
to those that enclose 10c. in their letter. The 
sample may be returned and will be accepted 
as 10c. toward a bottle of Babbitt’s Glove Kid 
Tan. ; 

BABBITT’S GLOVE KID TAN 


is the quickest and best tan on the market and 
is warranted to do a fine grade of work. Price 
#1 per bottle, postpaid (sufficient to tan twelve 
Fox skins). A largec talogue.of supplies used 
by Taxidermists and Naturalists in general 2c. 


James P. Babbitt. 
10 Hodges Ave. -Taunton. Mass. 


128 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Presented during 1893 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 
THE QOLOGIST. 

Each month during 1893 we shall 
give five prizes. These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s OGLoGIST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the, first one 
which will be the winne1’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ “Key to North American 


BRIS ie aM che ae RO $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘‘Manual of North 
American Birds”.......... 7 50 


Champberlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- 


ogy” (Zev seinen cil Onn 8 00 
Goss’s ‘Birds of Kansas” : 7 50 
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)“Amer- 

ican Or nithology”’ HERE TERING 7 50 
Maynard’s‘Birds of KasternNorth 


America” (text complete). 15 00 
Washington Irving’s Works, 10 


NE COSIKS HAAN AE RU UU RMR al 7 50 
Wm. M. Thackeray’ s Works, 10 
TRONS Hautala easRape aa ANI Me) 10 00 


Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25 
Jenk’s ‘ ‘ComprehensiyeCommen- 

tary of the Holy Bible” 5 

large $00 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographie Books 


and Publications....«...... 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 
PEEL ORNs Coe ine oa 6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
a new $46.50 Marlin R epeat- 
WOR CUO ee cig SeRORa ES ERE 31 50 
A Due-Rill good jor$33 00towards 
a new$45.00AmericanUnion 
(same as New Home) Sew- 
oy Male nea eme esses ee 33 00 
A Due-Bill good for$12.90towards 
a new $20 double case Odell 
Type writer?....... 12 00 
2nd Prize each month will be a part 
of ‘““Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,” each containing an average 
of 8 plates and 340 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 
worth at publisher’ S original price not 
far from $7 50 
3d Prize—Langille’s 
Their Haunts”, $3.00 
4th Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North American 
Odlogy” unbound, no’ plates, original 
price about $3 00. 
dth Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- 
can Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 


“Our Birds in 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Each article receiving at least as’ 
many credits as there are number of 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading pi will be ~ awarded the 
Caer for 1893 bound. ir cloth and 
gilt 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as man) credits as ‘the number of 
Judges and not winning - any . - other 
prize will be awarded a)jear’s subse 
tion to the OoLoGIsrT. 

All Mss. prizes are seut by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which 
is shipped at winner’s expense. 


—»>32- 


You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision. must be mailed us not 
jater than May.idst. Write on back of 
a postal ecard the five articles which you 
have decided to be the most valuable, 
instructive and interesting in this num- 
ber of OGLOGIST aud mail to us. Num- 
ber the articles in the order which you 
think the prizes should be awarded. 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the. awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s- ‘Birds of 
Eastern North’America’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
aud 264 pages, strongly bound in heavy 
manilla covers and at publisher’s origi- 
nal price are worth at least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book “Small 
Talk about Business.” 

8d A combination icroscope. 

4th An agate watch charm. 

Sth A Pocket Knife. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
Winning articles in theirexact orderand 
not winning one of the five special 
prizes we will givea copy ofthe “‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue of North America Birds 
Eggs.” 

To each Judge naming the prize- 
Winning articles but not in their exact 
order and not winniug one of the five 
special prizes we will give a copy of 
that elegant new Columbus: or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 25 ets.). 

All Judges’ ‘prizes are sent by mail 
prepald. 

Address your decision to 

FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion, N. Y. 


Sa 
pukgsdegnese 


Bal e\euoeese SEDSeeeseoeeees % 
a 
Fay, 
ig | “ee, 
“a, 


a ee 


(74 
TA Monthly. 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1893. 


es CAC ESBaCN eZ... 
G 


i 


NO. 5 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50¢ per 35 words. ( 
word. No notice insertedior less than 50e. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
‘“‘PEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


VALUABLE BIRDS EGGS for sale very 
cheap. Send stamp for lists. R. FIELD, Box 
246, Brockville, Ontario, Canada. 


WANTED.—Collectors who have sets of 
Hummers for sale or exchange, to send their 
lists to H. W. ISAACS, Prospect House, Niag- 
ara Falls, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Iwo parts Maynard’s 
Birds of Eastern North America, one in leather 
and boards. other in manilla. H. C. LILLIE, 

_Ann Arbor, Mich. 


EGGS of the Raptores of Nebraska to ex- . 


change for Sea birds eggs. order Longipennes 
preferred. J, ELLIS McLELLAN, Neoraska 
City, Nebraska 


WANTED.—Eegegs in sets and North Ameri- 
can postage stamps. .Can offer in exchange 
American and English singles, printing-press, 
school books. novels and many magazines. 
JOHN B. SEYMOUR, Clinton, OniedaCo.,.N.Y. 


EGGS in Sets to Exchange for same. Send 
lists. Have also several specimens Indian Pot- 
tery to exchange for Eggs. W. A. OLDFLELD, 
Port Sanilac, Mich. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—4$ in. special Star Bicy- 
cle forlower Star or Safety. Vol. VI Golden 
Days and 62 numbers of Volumes TIT. V and VII 
for best offer. All answered. W. P. PRATT, 
Chatham, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Deer and Antelope heads, 
skins of Western birds and eggs for eggs. skins 
or mounted birds. W. H. PARKER, P. O. Box 
1596, Salt Lake City. Utah. 


ODELL Type Writer.Smith & Wesson Revol- 
ver 32 cal., Glass blow Gun 5 ft. long: All in 
good order. -For hest offers. No eggs wanted. 
FRANK STUART, Ritzville, Wash. 


TO EXCHANGE.—The model book of Natur- 
al History unsoiled, with paper cover, contain- 
ing over 800 pages and 500 illustratious, for best 
offer in first-class sets. ARTHUR L. POPH, 
Box 348, McMinnville, Oregon. 


TO EXCHANGH.—A new double action.nick- 
le plated, 32 cal. centre fire American Bulldog 
revolver. and 25 cartridges, for best offer of 
boxing gloves. LOREEN D. A. SNYDER, 
Manchester, Iowa. 


WANTED.—3, 4. 5, 6. 8. 10, 15, 30, 50 cts.. one,’ 
two, three, four, five dollars cancelled Colum- 
bian stamps. present issue. Will give ‘‘Davie’s 
Eggs.” Climbers. Papers. ARTHUR M. LINS- 
LEY, Northford, Conn. 


TO EXCHANGEH.—Manton’s Taxidermy,new 
cloth bound. for first eight numbers of Vol. 6 
(1889) OoLoGIsT. Must be in good condition. 
ED DOOLITTLE, Painesville. Ohio. 


WANTED.— First-class sets of eggs not in 
mycollection ;have for exchange sett ngs of pure 
Hurricane Pit Games also Pit Game bantams, 
$2.00 per 13. Will send settings at same price. 
Send forparticulars. BURTON H. JOHNSON, 
Box 693, Orange, Mass. 


THAVE afew choice sets of the American 
Magpie that’ will sell at rate of 12 cents anege. 
Tf more than one setis desired to show varia- 
tion will sell at 10c. per egg. Sets range from 
five to eighteges. EF. M. DILLE, &06 Boston 
Building, Denver. Colo. 


ENGLISH or Chinese Pheasants. The most 
beaut fid birds inthis country. We are now 
booking orders for eggs at $4.00 for 13. Can be 
set under domestic hens. Address, H. A. 


. BRUSH & SON, Milton, Vt, 


SALE or EXCHANG#F.—Latest Shipman 
Automatic Oil Hngine, | horse power: in good 
condition. Bicyele or Gun prefered. E.G. BID- 
LAKH, 17 Van Anden St., Auburn, N. Y. 


I am pleased to say that I have on hand a full 
stock of those insertion harrels mentioned hy 
John A. Morden. Esq.. in lastissue of this pap- 
er. Made to fit120r 16 gauge shot guns and 
taking 32 or 38 cal. C. F. shells. Price only 1.40 
each. Every collector of small birds should 
have one. 32shells 60c. per box: 28. &0c. per 
box: decapper and loader 50c.; primers 40¢. per 
box; wad cutter 50ec. JAMES P. BABBITT, 
Taunton Mass. 


130 ae THE OOLOGIST. 


WANTED.—Good compound microscope; to 
exchange with insects collectors preferably in 
South and West. Have insects, species, most- 
ly unnamed will take such, fresh unmounted 
preferred. PERCY A. SMITH, Lyndonville, 
Orleans Co., N. Y. 


WANTED.—First-class Skins and Birds in 
the meat, (cash) especially desire Tufted Puffin, 
Gannet, Crested Auklet, Terns. Gulls, Ducks, 
Geese. etc. Send lists. EDGAR A. FERO, 
116 Ontario St. Cohoes. N. Y. 


CALI¥. MURES’ EGGS.—I can collect a very 
handsome series for you at bed-rock rates. 
Send for my circular of prices. Even 10 eggs 
will show great diversity of color and will cost 
you only a trifle or you can secure a large num- 
ber. They make the best show of any eggs. 
Will exchange for common sets books as fol- 
lows: ‘Phonographic Instructor” at $1; ‘Left 
on Labrador” at $1; “Off to the Geysers’’ at $1. 
Offer any sets you have and get some Cal. Mur- 
res’ eggs and be happy. Address, C. BARLOW, 
San Jose, Cal. : 


WANTED.—An old style powder-ball-and- 
caps revolver. Colts with large calibre prefer- 
red. Can offer Am. Bittern 1-4 1-5, Wilson’s 
Phalarope 1-4. R. T. Hummer nl-2. J, V. 
CRONE, Indianola. Iowa. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Every one sending 
me $1.25 in money or $2.00 worth of Indian r>- 
lics or desirable sets. (Write first)I will send 
them a pair of my new climbers. Have worked 
for years on climbers and have at last got a 
pair that works to perfection on trees. Made 
from the best steel and warranted to hold any 
weight. The best climber out. CLARENCE 
H. WATRONS. Chester, Conn 


MICROSCOPE.—Wili sell at about half-price 
a Gundlach Students Microscope with two eye- 
pieces and 2 inch, 2-3 inch and 1-5 inch best ov- 
jectives. Perfect order.. List $75. Rare bar- 
gain. Want Lady’s Safety Bicycle. F. D. 
PHINNEY. 8 Brighton Ave., Rochester, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE. Eggs, relics, minerals. 
stamps, curiosities, coins. etc. for same. 30 
foreign stamps for every perfect arrow head or 
mineral sent me. Correspondence solicited. W. 
G. STUTZMAN, Kent, Ohis. 


EACH MONTH, for a year, I shall offer three 
stuffed birds at 50c. each, postage 6c. each, 
Every bird is warranted my best work and can 
be returned if not asrepresented This month 
I offer till my stock is exhau-ted, Black-capped 
Chickadee, Black Junco, Song Sparrow. The 
three species 1.50. postpaid. JAMES P. BAB- 
BITT, Taunton, Mass. 


FOR SALEH.—A collection of mounted birds, 
100 varieties all highly plumaged,case is of oak, 
glass doors, with brass trimmings. The above 
will be sold ata bargain. For full information 
address LOCK BOX 851. St. Johnsbury, Vt. 


REMINGTON RIFLE, 4x5 camera and 
Davie’s Eggs, for Sale or exchange for stamps. 
All answered. A. B BLAKEMORE. 280 St. 
Andrew St., New Orleans, La, 


EXCHANGE.—Singles and sets for sets. 
Send your list andreceive mine. FRANK B. 
JEWETT, Lamanda Park, California. 


TO EXCHANGE.-—Fine Ist class singles and 
a few sets for common northern sets or skins. 
Send lists. A H. W. NORTON, Box 918, San 
Antonio, Texas. , 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Correspondence 
with naturalists d-sired. particularly in Suf- 
folk Co., N. Y. Have Books, Papers. Marine 
Curiosities, etc,. to exchange for eggs in sets 
with data, or skins. <A good Collector’s gun 
wanted for Cash or exchange. F. TUTTLE 
STERLING, Eastport. L. 1., N. Y. 


COLLECTORS having Air-guns, revolvers, 
telescopes, telegraph instuments. musical in- 
struments and other articles to exchange for 
A leggs and skins. Send description for offers 
fo THOS. STAN!.FY, Banner, San Diego Co., 

alif. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Electrical Re- 
views, Scientific Americans. Popular Science 
Monthly’s, Harris’s Insects Injurious to Vege- 
tation (with colored plates), 4x5 camera and 
outhit, 3x5 printing press and outfit. insect case. 
and magic lantern and outfit. Want Smith & 
Wesson’s or olt’s revolver or Stevens’ rifle. 
Alllecters answered. HAROLD SANDERS, 
Davenport, Iowa. 


COINS WANTED.—If you have any old U.S. 


Coins, please send list stating prices. Old U. 
S. and Comfederate stamps wanted. CHAS. 


G. COLLINS, Box 431, Garden City Kas 


EXCHANGE.—Egg for hatching of thorough- 
bred Black Minoreas for: sale, or exchange 
mounted birds, eggs or anything I can use 
Head of pen scores 95. Send lists. VERDI 
BURTCH. Branchpori, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—I will collect fine Cal. 
sets with nests if desired. Collected by myself 
and positively identified. Thurber’s Junco, 
Louisiana Tanager, Swainson’s Hawk, Costas, 
Black-chinned, Anna’s Hummers. Least Vireo, 
Cal.{Screech Owl and many others. Desirable 
sets wanted. RALPH ARNOLD, Pasadena, 
Cul. Abt 


WE WANT skins of Carolma Parakeet and 
Passenger Pigeon and head of American Bison. 
Write, state lowest cash or exchange price F. 
H. LATTIN & CO., Albion N. Y. 


6O story papers. novels, ete., half of three 
volumes Golden Days, Manton’s Taxidermy, 
set 2-4 Red-shouldered Hawk, for ornithol«gi- 
cal literature. Coues’ Key preferred. MIL- 
LARD VAN WAGNER, Gretna, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Vol. I. Collectors and first five 
vols. OOLOGIST. Foreign newspaper stamp or 
twenty varieties stamps for each number, or 
for any Ornithological or Philatelic papers. 
RALPH H. ROCKWOOD, Waterville, Maine. 


TO EXCHANGE.—V_ nickels without the 
word ‘Cents’, also back numbers of ornithol- 
Ogical papers and maguzines; for first-class 
eggs. Sets with data preferred. NEIL F. 
POSSON, Daw’s, Genesee Co., N. Y. 


WANTED.—‘Davie’s Eggs.” for stamps and 
standard books and magazines. STEPHEN J. 
ADAMS, Cornish. Maine. 


WANTED.—Winchester or Marlin Repeat- 
ing Rifie 32 or 88 cal. or Coues’ Key. To offer, 
skin of Whooping Crane, 1-12 ga. Winchester 
Shot-gun,sets of this locality and perhaods cash. 
EREDDIE NORDIN, Mountain Lake, Minn. 


FOR SALE CHEAP.—A collection of choice 
relic ;. minerals, Curios, bracket saw, type, in- 
sects, in cork lined Cases, taxidermist’s tools, 
moss. stuffed specimens, books,book Case, ool- 
ogist’s, 8 drawer cabinet, other articles. Send 
stamp. allanswered, failing health the Cause 
of thissale. Address, TAXIDERMIST, Box 20. 
Baker, O. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


PLEASE STOP MY EXCHANGE NOTICE 
AT ONCE. Youcantalk about your papers, 
but I never saw any that Could hold a candle to 
the OoLoGist. I have exchanged $60.00 worth 
of stamps just by putting in that little Ex. no- 
tice. CHAS. ACE Y WHITE, Omaha, Neb. 


EACH MONTH, for a year I shall offer three 
stuffed birds at 50c. each, postage 6c. each: 
every bird is warranted my best work and can 
be returned if not as represented. This month 
I offer, till my stock is exhausted Black-capped 
Chickadee, Slate-colored Junco and Song Spar- 
row. The three for only $1.50, postpaid. 
JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. 


I HAVE sets of each of the following eggs to 
exchange: Red-tailed. Red-shouldered and 
Cooper’s Hawks; Great Horned and Barred 
Owls. Will give a good trade for Coue’s Key or 
will trade for good Indian relics. JASPER, 
BROWN, Norway, Benton Co., Towa. : 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—2 live Screech 
Owls, pair of horse clippers, microscope. Will 
give foreign stamps for wsed Columbian stamps. 
(1893). Send Stamp for particulars. W. A, 
JOHNSON, 123 W. Brooks St., Galesburg, Ill. 


WANTED.—We Gan use a large number of 
extra fine Warbler skins and eggs at once, also 
skins of other desirable birds; for which we 
offer fine Birds Eggs, Shells, Curios, ete. F. 
H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


WANTED.—A tirst-class camera will ex- 
Change my collection and Duplicate Eggs. 
Send for list and what you have to offer. H. 
L. ROGERS, Howells, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A 22 cal. Flobert rifie. 
self shell extractor, nearly new: for Davyie’s 
Nest and Eggs. and eggs not in my Collection. 
All letters answered. FRANK HARTLEY, 
Box 456, Castile, N. Y. 


I AM GLAD to see the OOLOGIST improving 
Would try to get more subscrivers but almost 
every collector I know already takes it. from my 
last ad. in the exchange column I exchanged over 
105 sets besides a Dumber of singles. With best 
wishes for the future I remain, EDWARD 
WALL. San Bernardino. Calif. 


I HAVE disvdosed of a fine lotof eges through 
the ex. notice in the OoLoGcisr. THEO MIL- 
LER, Lancaster, C. H.. Va. 


EGGS FOR THE WORLD’S FAIR.—We 
have accepted for the World’s Columbian HEx- 
position Exhibit of Birds Eggs, the following 
Species. A.©.U. Nos. 4,6, 10, 11, 16, dia, 54, 
58, 59, 64, 6d, 77. 112, 140, 144. 182, 184, 19). 191. 209, 
201, 206. 207, 208, 212; 216, 221, 222: 223. 224, 226, 228, 
243; 201, 263, 273. 275, 281, 289 289a, 294, 297a, 300, 
300c; 305, 715; 325, 326, 331, 332, 5 oat, dara, 339, 
339a, 342, 343, 3 9, 352, 360, 364, 366, 367, 368, 358a, 
372, 373. 37d, 378, 385, 388, 390, 393. 394, 397, 406, 409, 
412, 413, 416, 417. 418, 419, 420, 428, 428. 444, 447, 
452. 454, 455, 461, 464, 465, 4664, 467, 474ce, 475, 476, 
478, 478a, 481, 485. 487, 488. 490. 494, 497, 498. 50ib, 
506, 507, 509, 511, 5lla, 511b, 529, 533, 538, 540, 546, 
5d4b, 50, 563, 563a, 567, 567a, 581, 584, 587, 587a, 
538b,593, 595. 598, 60 , 605, 607, 608, 610, 611, 613, 
614, 616, 617, 619, 621, 622, 622a, 622b, 624. 627, 629e, 
631, 639, 641, 642, 645, 646a, 652. 657, 659, 652, 663, 
667, 671, 673, 674, 676, 677, 678. 681, 683, 683a. 684, 
687, 701. 702, 703, 704, 705. 718; 719. 721. 724, 
725, 72.6, 727, 728, 729, 731, 735, 736, 748a, 754, 756, 
7a8a, 7a9a, 7|9b, 761, 766, 768. Any party haviug 
species NoT in this list,in full sets with data. 
who would like to place them. on exhibition, 
free of expense, is requested to send us a full 
list. Notice our editorial in this OOLOGIST also 
on page 89 and 90 of March. 


131 


DISCONTINUE my Ex. Ady. as I have more 
Birds than I know what to do wlth. The OOL- 
ocisris the best Ady. -aper agoing. Long 
may it live. E. B. PECK, Canandaigua, N. Y 


CIGARS.—Want you to try my celebrated 
cigars. Send Stamp for price list of samples. 
Address.G. W. WAL'TON, Postmaster, Fal- 
mouth, Pa, A3t. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—A copy of the 
Naturalist’s Guide by C. J. Maynard. $1.50; A 
copy of the Canoe and Boat Builder, #2; A Bflat 
cornet With extra mouth piece and mute. All 
in nice case. $25; A very fine flute in nice case, 
cost $24, has been used but little, will sell or ex- 
change for $0. Will exchange any of the 
above for birds eggs, skins or bicycle in good 
condition. All letters answered. E. L. HALEY, 
Phillips, Maine. : 


WANTED.—Rare Ist Class eggs singles and 
sets. the following A. O. U. numbers especially 
204, 205, 206. 7, 10, 329, 328, 349, 351, 352, and other 
rare specimens. Also ‘‘Nests and Eggs of N.A. 
Birds,” by O. Davie, ‘‘Key to N. A. Birds,” 
Coues, and Batty’s Practical Taxidermy. 
Would also like taxidermist’s instruments. 
Have to exchange very rare and choice postage 
stamps in New Foundiand.Canada.New Bruns- 
wick, Nova Scotia and other countries, Scott’s 
catalogue 53d edition used. Address, R.SAND- 
FORD, 17 Cottage Street, Rutland, Vermont. 


SKINS to EXCHANGE.—First-class, fresh 
skins of shore birds from coast of Maine to ex- 
change for eggs and skins from other localities. 
All letters answered. A. B. CALL, A. M. 
Townshend, Vt. 


WANTED.--Reptiles and Batrachians(snakes, 
frogs, toads, salamanders, etc.) especially such 
as are found in New York state, full data must 
accompany each specimen. Will exchange 
Bird skins or eggs for same. Address TRU- 
MAN R. TAYLOR, Geneva, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Bridled Tern 1-1, Soot 
Tern 1-1. Noddy Tern 1-1, Commor Tern 1-2, 
Arctic Tern 1-3, Black Tern 1-2 1-3, Black Vul- 
ture 1-2, Am. Sparrow Hawk 14, Red-tailed 
Hawk 1-2 1-3, Red-shouldered Hawk 1-3 1-4. Am. 
Long-eared Owl 1-5, Screech Owl] 1-4. Texan 
Sereech Owl 1-4. T.impkin 1-6, Least Bittern 1-4 
1-5 1-6, Florida Gallinule 1-7 1-8 1-10: Am. Coot 
1-7" 1-8. Bartramian Sandpiper 1-4, Bobo.ink 1-4 
1-5. Yellow-headed Blackbird 1-4 1-5 1-6 Bicolor- 
ed Blackbird 1-4. Long-billed Marsh Wren 1-4 
1-5 1-4. Murre 1-1. Cliff Swallow 1-4 1-5 1-6.Anna’s 
Hummingbird 1-2. Leach’s Petrel 1-1. Bob 
White 1-8. Rock Ptarmigan 1-8, Meadow Lark 
1-41-5. CHARLES H. ELDRIDGH, 314 Chamb- 
er Commerce, Chicago, Il. 


WANTED.—2d-hand copies of either “Coues’ 
Key” or “Ridgway’s Manual.’ Will give cash 
or exchange. Werite stating nonditions, edition 
and best terms. F.H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, 
N. ¥: > 


I will give specimens of any kind, advertis 
ing space in the OoLoeGisz, and for extra good 
offers anything I otter for sale or poss bly CASH 
for first-class Indian Relics. or for new or 2d 
hand books {n Natural History. in good condi- 
tiod. ornithology or oology preterred—a_ set of 
the “‘Natural History of New York” and copies 
of *‘Coues’ Key” esnecially desired. FF. H. 
LATTIN & CO., Albion. N. Y. 


ALL future transartions in Birds Eggs should 
be and with “‘Lattin’’ musi be based on t 2 pric- 
es given in the New ‘Standard Catalague.” 


132 THE OOLOGIST. 


Eureka Silver Plating Com- 
posure. 


NOTHING LIKE iT! SOMETHING 
ENTIRELY NEW! - 


Will make old silver instruments or silver- 
ware of any kind look like new. plates brass or 
copp ‘Yr and no battery needed. Nowis the time 
to make your Urass instruments look like Soltd 
Silver. Sample prepaid 10 cents. Agents want- 
ed. Addres. F. C. HUBBARD, Lock Box 164, 
Geneva, Ohio. 


LOOK HERE! 
Can You Beat This? 

95 varieties of first-class American eggs, in- 
eluding Black-billed Magpie, ‘m. White Peli- 
can and Gal. Murre, will be senr p st-paid to 
any. address in U.S. jor $1.00). iS 100 varie- 
ties of Am. eggs for $5.00. Send your orders at 


once, Address 
SHELLEY W. DENTOR, 


Wellesley, Mass. 
PER 


YOU siacé 34 bay 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article onrecord 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside: everybody 
wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c sjamp 
and we will mail you 4 Free Samples and full 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


New Standard Catalogue 
OF 


North A\merican Pirds [oggs 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. E. Bendire, J. 
Parker Norris, Hsq., wnd 
Capt. B. Ff. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Noinenclature. It also gives the A. O. 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 

value of eges of nearly every species, over one 
hundred of which never appeared onany print 
ed list betore. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 


Dealer or Collector. as there is “not a Collector’ 


in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given, and 
there is nota Dealer who could furnish over 
fron: 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of 
paper and contains 53 pages, size 34x51 in. 


Price 35 cents per copy. 38 copies for $1.00. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion, N. Y. 


Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
na a pee: 


\ 
a \} 


< 


ScapHites Nopusus, M. and H. 


ASTD OTT EY ETS be FO AN Un ea Taree 15 . 
Actaeon attenuata __...._ hens ier alia 


Anisomyon atielliformis. 20 
DEVO IBN ES ONAN WIS) es ee sca) 10 to $1.00 
GENIUS RW IDYEN i y@Nyil) 25 oe eso ce a 15 to .25 
Dentaliumer Acie ee eee eae ,15 
Te(sNooUbAVe ry TONMOIPle ea. 15 
WoOlse@ll ai Mee Kien Soa ia 20 Ue RAG eS ee eee eee 15} 
WMG) Rulon) 15 
Tnoeceramus Gonvexus.. ee es peADARO) 5 
ss OPIS ONAL Geena Hs as 2 ly 10), 2155) 

TEVA AG TERY COM CLT ee eee ee ae 15 


Eucinas swoin data. -2s ee eae 
Margarita Nebrausensis 
Nucula ecancellataz. 2 
Scaphites nodusus ___.......... A 
Martesia cuneata. eee eee MB 
Turnus Stimpsoni 
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus. 

2 ANE SRA ERS SN ie: rs Te RPI ee 25 tO .75 
Rock containing a variety of small fossils 25 to .50 
Tregonuc: ALpUS nuts (ossil) size of Hickory 


LOND) Foes st GCE -20 tO .25 
ROSSTBICAVES ocean cree eee 5 GO) 15) 
Agates, rough. Ue Re Sh ee remnant leas ssacall) WO /cal) 
bo polished _ si Reith! .25 to $2.00 
California Onyx. polished. Lia EE Aaa Nee 40 to $1 75 
Petoskey Agavesia nel 6 Seuss eee 25 to T5 
FOSSITPE RNS cogent OOO Bette) 
Petrie GiwiO@ dle a ee enone 10 to .50 © 
AS AVIZEG Wo Cee eee ener 10 to .50 
LEAOIROLSIIENU MNT ee ee aus 10 to 25 
Honey-comb lava _.__.. ..10 60.25, 
Sponge lava, will float in water _ -15 to .50 


Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses ~ 


GECKO Wyse ANS Ie eee CANE Ce 2 CG 15 to .50 
Antelope hor ns, on upper igen t of skull, per 
OF ipaepprreeen Me ti career anlpe eee Ac I $1.50 to $2.00 
Buffalo horns. per pair. ee ee a) WO SD 
Rattles trom Rattlesnake — |... .L0 CO .25 
Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Singapore 
‘ae .25 to $2.00 


Small mixed shells from West Indes. “per pint .50 
Large Assortment of showy American and 
Foriegn ShHelISh etre nee 10 to $3.00 each 


LO per cent discount on cash orders of 
$10.00 or more. 
Send for price lists. 
Homer Squyer, 


Mingusville, — - : Montana. 


THE OOLOGIST. | 133 


Our Birds in their Haunts 


A POPULAR TREATISE ON 
THE BIRDS or EASTERN NORTH AMERICA, 
BY REV. J. If. LANGILLE, M. A. 


Brief descriptions, and for the most part FULL 
LIFE HISTORIES are given of all the species 
common east of the Mississippi, with special at- 
tention to the songs and nesting, and the curious 
and fascinating, of which fhere isso much in the 
lives of these wonderful creatures. The narra- 
tive follows. for the most part, the order of the 
seasons) and groups itself about certain interest- 
ing localities. as Niagara River and st. Clair 
Flats. Wigration. instineh, the analogy of nidifi- 
eation, the specialized forms and adaptations of 
structure*in bird-; etec., all made readable. 

The work is mostly from persoual observation, 
incorporating a full report for Western New 
York and the adjoining regions of the Great 
Lakes, and a pretty full report for Nova Scotia. 
also a good deal of direct intormation from Uud- 
sous Bay, by means of an excellent correspon- 

ent. 

8 vo. cut down, 624 pages, 25 illustrations, 
handsomeiy bound in cloth. Price reduced from 
$3.0) to ONLY $2.25 per copy, prepaid. F, H. 
LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. : 


“9 BUYTHEO. | 
LIGHT RUNNING 
EW hy Fee : - 


THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST. 


Send TEN cents to 28 Union Saas, Na Vay 
for our prize game, ‘Blind Luck,’’ and 
win a New Home Sewing Machine. 


The New Home Sewing Machine Co, 
ORANCE, MASS. 
e628 UNION SQUARE NY. OS 


cBICAG, ee ron MNS ATLAN TS i FRANCISeg 
ILL. “pos, cAL. 


Stious’” FOR SALE BY = Atuse.1e* 


re 


RAB 


Way: 


BIT ANB POULTRY 


The McMullen Woven Wire Fence Co., 


418 and 120 N. Market St., Chicago. 


CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE 


Sea Shells, Corals, Minerals, Bird Skins and 
Eggs, Curios, Supplies for Taxidermists, Ento- 
mologests, Botanists and Oologists. Taxid- 
ermy in all Branches of the art. Gold fish and 
aquarums. 


40 page Illustrated Catalogue for 2c stamp. 
Cc. F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees, Manufacturers, etc., 
are daily requesting us to supply tie addresses 
of reliable circular distributors, bill posters, 
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will 
open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employmentto Oneman, woman 
or youth in every town and hamletin the U. S. 
and Canada. “The early bird catches the 
worm.’ Wewantafew such aus. as Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start wit! in this month’s 
MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD. 


Fee RUNN Nails up signs, distributes circul- 

ars, papers, samples, etc., through- 

out bl-ckhawk and surrounding counties 

s§ only $3.00 per 1000. Address W.H.BRUNN, 
Waterloo, Ia. 

Brunn paid $2. 40 to insert above 4 lines, June 
90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con- 
constantly busy, employs three men to assist 
him. clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a 
day distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for 
many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. 
[t costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone 
to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm 
who employ you of $7 rer 1000. Ten firms may 
each send you 1000 at the same time, making 
1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which 
you would promptly receive 30, $15 in advance 
and $15 When work is done. Parents make 
your boysa p’esent. Start them in this growing 
business. Begin this neat business before 
some one in your county gets the start of you. 
“Come inon the ground floor.” Instructions 
How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each 
distributor ONLY, Who sends us $2.40 cash or 
postage stamps for a4 line ‘“‘ad”’. 

AGENTS HERALD, 
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’, Pa. 


134 


~ EMERSON 


S 


oe) 


THE OOLOGIST. 


60,000 Sod 
For Over Forty Years 


THESE Instruments have enjoyed 
a high reputation for more than 


forty years. 


They are Brilliant and 


Musical in tone, and afford a most 
beautiful accompaniment to vocal 
music—the tone having that rare 
sympathetic quality which blends ad- 


mirably with the human voice. 


They are Durable, being construct- 
ed of the e3t Materials, by the Most 


Skillful Workmen. 


They have earned 


an especial reputation for Keeping 
in Tune, and also for retaining in a 
most remarkable degree their orig- 
inal fullness of tone—never growing 


thin or wiry with age. 


The Com- 


pany, through their agents, have re- 
ceived several First Premiums during 
the past few years, and their instru- 
ments have invariably taken high 


rank wherever exhibited. 


PRICES MODERATE. 


TERMS EASY. 
SEND FOR CATALOGUE, 


Emerson Piano Co., 
174 Tremont Street, 


BOSTON, MASS. 


Branch (92 Fifth Avenue, New York, 
Stores 1218 Wabash Ave., Chicago 


A CURIOS. Zs 


Improved Pocket Gun 
or Snip Snap. 


The new improved Pocket Gun requires no 
powder, no caps, is neatly finished. durable and 
san be carried in the pocket, as it weigns only 


three ounces. Will shoot shot or bullets with 
accuracy and foree.and with a little practice will 
kill birds on the wing or bring them down trom 
the higinest tree. 

If is just the thing for taxidermists, as it will 
kill mous spoiling the game and makes no 
report. 

Sample prepaid 15 cfs., 4 for 50 cts. 

Jron trame, _. Straps of best kind of 
rubber. Send for sample at once and practice on 


the Sparrows - Address, 
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y. 


Hil) ONLY DIRECTORY on Earte 
ili) Guaranteeing 30,000. For 
Ail] only 10 cents (regular price 
25 cents.) your name, if re- 
4.¢ ceived within next 30 
\\ days, will be BOLDLY 
printed on gummed 
*i! paper, and from Pub- 
\) lishers, Manufactur- 
ers and others, you 
willreceive hundreds 
probably thousands, 
of valuable Books, 
» samples, Papers, Maga- 
= zines, etc. All free and 
| each pee with one of 
your boldly printed ad- 


EXTRA! We will also 


Se 
dvesses pasted thereon. 
print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, ete., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 


1891. DEAR SiRS—My 500 addresses received. From 

my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 

have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 

Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 

hirers, etc. are arriving daily,on valuable parcels of 

tail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY Co., 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


400 varweries or stamps $1.00 
Duplicates can be returned. 
AN UNUSUAL OFFER 


W. B, GRARANY,. 
827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL. 


Catalogue for stamp. 
y {Sea Shetis in neat cabinet, named 
(scientific) and illustrated cata- 
logue of Nat. Hist. specimens, post 
paid, 30c. C.F. CARR, Madison, Wis. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1893. 


NO. 5 


On the Habits of the California Quail in New 
Zealand. 


By JosHUA RUTLAND. 

The many foreign animals intention- 
ally and accidently introduced into New 
Zealand furnish excellent opportunity 
of observing the action of instinct when 
a species is suddenly exposed to new 
conditions, and of ascertaining how 
long inherited habits will persist, after 
their utility has ceased, or after they 
have become injurious rather than ben- 
eficial. 

Of this displacement or aberration of 
instinct as it may be termed, the Cali- 
fornia Quails (Ortyx californica) now 
abundant throughout these islands fur- 
nish two good examples Before de- 
scribing these it will be necessary to 
give some account of the locality where- 
in they have been observed. 

The narrow valley of the Pelorus 
that drains into the head of the Pelorus 
Sound and inlet on the s uthern shores 
of Cook’s Straits, is walled in by steep 
mountain ranges from two to three 
thousand feet in elevation. Towards 
its mouth or for the first eight miles the 
average width between the bases of the 
mountains is about ninety chains; after 
which the valley contracts rapidly un- 
til it becomes a mere gorge, the mount- 
ains constituting the banks of the river. 

The leyel land consists of terraces 
formed while the valley was a portion 
of the Sound and of low alluvial flats 
formed by the Pelorus River. Though 
these flats are all subject to inundation, 
portions of them are only covered by 
the very highest floods, which occur at 
long intervals, while other portions are 
low and swampy, being in many places 
raised only afew inches above the or- 
dinary level of the river. 


Except where fire or artificial clear- 
ing has made room for fern and grass, 
the mountains are clothed from base to 
summit with dense evergreen bush. 
The greater portion of the level land is 
now either in grass or under cultiva- 
tion, the low parts referred to being 
however still covered with scrub, 
rushes and the native flax (Pharmium 
tenax). Cover indeed is every where 
abundant, the vegetation of the valley 
being particulary rank. 

It can be seen from this description 
that there is a wide choice of situations 
for ground nesting birds, yet the favor- 
ite building place of the California 
Quail, is amongst the rushes and flax 
in the low, swampy parts of the valley. 

The climate of the Pelorus being ex- 
tremely uncertain,—heavy rains and 
floods occurring at all seasons.of the 
year, and the river frequently rising 
five or six feet in a few hours—the dan- 
ger theQuails incur in selecting the low 
ground for their nesting places is ob- 
vious. In this respect they present a 
marked contrast to the indigenous 
Gray Duck (Anas swperciliosa) which 
almost invariably places its nest above 
the highest floodmark, though it brings 
its young ones to the water immediate- 
ly after they are out of the shell. I am 
only aware of one exception to this, a 
Gray Duck having made its nest in a 
drained swamp, out of sight of the Pel- 
orus River but not high above it. The 
indigenous vegetation (consisting of 
various species ot Carex, Typha angustt- 
Jolia and Pharmium tenax) being des- 
troyed and grass substituted, the bird 
referred to may have been deceived by 
the altered appearance of the place; in- 
digenous grass in this part of the coun- 
try always denoting dry ground. We 
have here an example of aberration, in 
stand back and let them fill it. 


136 THE OOLOGIST. 


an indigenous species, due to local 
causes. 

The second peculiarity in the habits 
of the Quail will be best described by 
giving an instance. In a low lying por- 
tion of the bush, near to the swamp re- 
ferred to, one of these birds had made 
its nest and laid fourteen eggs close to 
where a tree was felled to be converted 
into shingles. 
version commenced the bird was sitting 
despite the noise of cross-cutting and 
splitting the timber, and the removal 
of scrub close to her nest. She sat on in 
full sight of the workers until she 
brought out her brood. 

When suddenly come upon the Cali- 
fornia Quails escape detection by 
crouching low, and keeping quiet, un- 
til the intruder has passed when they 
immediately fly off in an opposite direc- 
tion. From this it seems possible that 
the sitting bird not being interfered 
with by the shingle-splitters, acted in- 
stinetively on the principle that unat- 
tacked was unperceived. The nesting 
in flooded ground with safer situations 
close at hand, seems at first sight like a 
want of sagacity, but probably both this 
and the other peculiarity might be sat- 
isfactorily explained by reference to the 
original habitat of the species. Being 
unacquainted with that portion of the 
world whence the Ortyx californica 
has been imported, I must leave this 
matter to others better informed than 
myself, my object being merely to di- 
rect attention to the subject. 

While these foreign quails are in- 
creasing rapidly the indigenous species 
(Coturnixa Nove Zelandic) is fast be- 
coming extinct. From the northern 
portion of the Middle Island where 
they were formerly abundant they have 
now entirely disappeared. Several 
causes have led to their extinction. 
First they inhabited the dry grass land, 
where fires became frequent after the 
colonization of the country, and second- 
- ly, being birds of short and weak flight, 


When the work of con- 


they fell an easy prey to the dogs. 
Thus it can be seen that the introduc- 
tion of a new element into the ancient 
habitat of a species, may be more fatal 
than the removal of a species to an en- 
tirely new environment. 

The California Quail belonging to a 
country where foxes, wolves and other 
predatory quadrupeds are found, is 
able to hold its place even against the 
most destructive of all animals—man. 

In places like the Pelorus some un- 
doubtedly perish by floods, but the 
large broods from fourteen to twenty 


in number, they annually bring out 
more than compensate for this loss. 


From the unusually great number of 
eggs these birds lay it seems probable 
that even in their orginal habitat a 
large proportion of the eggs or young 
get destroyed. 
JOSHUA RUTLAND, 
New Zealand. 


>_< >< 


Courtesy and Business in Exchanging. 


I have often wondered that someone 
did not write an article on the matter 
of courtesy between collectors; those 
engaged in exchanging, and in general 
correspondence. But as much as there 
is a need of an article on the subject 
no one has, it seems, found time to de- 
vote an hour to the subject and write 
about what we need in this line. 

Having been a sufferer, myself, for 
nearly a quarter of a century, as:a 
erauk on the subject of eggs, birds, and 
various other matters pretaining to 
crankism, it is fair to say that my re- 
marks are at least worthy of consider- 
ation. 

Boys—and I reason from my know- 
ledge of our interests, that we are near- 
ly all boys—are too apt to think only of 
themselves in all matters of exchange 
and selling of specimens. It therefore 
follows that some, yes, a large number, 
offer specimens in exchange that they 
have not in their collections and per- 
haps never had. 


THE OOLOGIST. 137 


If an exchange (prospective) is con- 
sidered by letter; then each sends the 
other a list of eggs. This list is (almost 
invariably I am sorry to say) stuffed, 
so to speak, with high priced eggs or 
skins, which the exchangers do not 
possess. After the exchange is effected 
each of the parties to the deal, ten to 
one, are in the possession of specimens 
of skins or eggs which are‘out of sight,’ 
in the eyes of their Jatest possessors, and 
each feels sure that he has the best of 
the other. 

The next exchange, in which one of 
these fortunate (2) collectors tries to 
exchange his specimens to a knowing 
odlogist, results in a fiasco, owing to 
the fact that the knowing one knows 
what’s what. Then follow letters of 
reerimination, or that is, in boy’s talk, 
sass, and the ultimate result, that both 
of the last exchangers think the other 
a swindle, and asnide. I have had this 
tried on me an hundred times. Every 
eollector knows what it means well 
enough. And it will be tried again 
1,000,000 times among the _ collectors 
of the United States in years to come. 

Then there are the whiners who are 
always the ones who complain tothe 
receiver of damaged eggs, that. the 
specimens sent, were in good condition 
when sent, and who really sent the eggs 
in a paste-board box. They wonder 
why the eggs could not go 1,000 miles 
safely by mail in a paste-board hox. 
They kick and stew until a good col- 
lector will send them something tokeep 
them quiet. 

Then there is the postal card fiend, 
who sends postal cards indiscriminately 
all over the United States and Canada 
for price lists. Ten to one he has not a 
cent, and in nine cases out of ten he is 
a beginner, with everything to gain 
and nothing to Jose—including reputa- 
tion. He writes to everyone, and 
wants eggs, skins, shells, insects, corals, 
reptiles, etc. He has no money and no 
specimens to exchange, and will write 


perhaps six months, twice a week, and 
never show up a cent, or anything else, 
but conceit and back talk. No one 
ever knew him to enclose a stamp for 
reply, or to do as he agreed. Perhaps 
he is not at fault, and probably too 
young to know better—but I advise all 
sensible collectors to let him alone. 

Next follows the young chap who 
sponges his paper and envelope of his 
sister or mother, and two to one places 
the stamp in the left hand corner. It 
is not best to answer his letters either, 
unless he encloses a stamp for reply, 
and then only to say No, to his question 
of exchange. 

The boy or girl, man or woman, who 
shows his or her own independence and 
therefore individuality as a business 
person, by writing on proper paper, 
according to sex and person, and talk- 
ing on paper like a business person, 
will command respect. Provided that 
a stamp is inclosed, an answer is assur- 
ed. But the boy or manwho writes 
like a baby-boy, and with no more style 
or individuality than is possessed by 
little school-girls of ten years, cannot 
expect to succeed. I have letters that 
are from boys of twelve orso, which 
are models of business system. Then 
again letters come to me from grown 
men, that are the indicative of the 
slouch and non-progressive class 

My aim is to stimulate you to improve- 
ment and to cause you to attempt a 
higher plane. In order to do this you 
must not remain simpty odlogist alone. 
Do not think that you have the world by 
the coat tails because you have more eggs 
or species than your chum. Odédlogy is 
only the beginning, or at least one 
noteh above stamp collecting. No one 
needs to be aboveit. There is much 
to learn in it as in all other things but 
you must not get into the rut of think- 
ing that itis alone, and pre-emjnent. 

But with odlogy or any other science, 
there is a good opportunity ‘to inform 
one’s self,and as well be upright among 


138 


your fellow men. There are a few 
rules in your interzourse with birds 
and men which it will be well to bear 
in mind, and which I will place here 
for your guidance, believing that all 
will agree with me upon reading them 
over. 

1. Identify your specimens fully at 
the time of capture. Don’t call your 
sparrows eggs Swamp sparrows, be- 
cause you found them on the low land. 
One-hundred to one they are song spar- 
rows. Never send or receive an egg 
or anything else without perfect identi- 
ty. Never buy specimens except from 
reputaole dealers. 

2. When you write a letter requiring 
information, or a list, enclose a stamp. 
The editor of the OdLoGiIsT will tell 
you that he is out many dollars 
each year, for postage on account 
of these delinquencies. Think of your 
own case if every one should expect 
you to write. 

3. Pack your eggs properly in cotton 
and enclose in wooden box. Cigar 
box is good if properly fortified in cen- 
ter with strong fastened partition or 
properly end lined. Don’t send 
letter by the same box, it is against 
postal laws. 


4. Don’t buy from, or exchange with 


the person who advertises eggs for less 
- than one half what other dealers sell 
for. You may rest assured that he is a 
swindler. 

5. Don’t send out so-called sets of 
eggs with eggs from different clutches 
in it. A good collector’ knows your 
little game at once and you soon get a 
name for dishonesty. 

6. When you correspond with any 
collector, in fact any one—make an 
effort to improve in writing, punctua- 
tion, spelling and general make up of 
letter. Andabove all be punctual and 
polite as well as punctilious. 

7. Get good style of proper-sized 
paper and write like a business man. 
Remember that in my judgment, the 


THE OOLOGIST. 


boy or man who writes a neat letter, 
punctuating properly and filling out 
his lines fairly, is much more liable to 
prepare his specimens well, than a per- 
son is who scrawls all over his sheet 
aud makes his writing look like fly- 
tracks in ink. 
G. SIRROM. 


The Raptores of Omaha and Vicinity. 


BY CHARLES ACEY WHITE. 


SWALLOW-TAILED KITE, Hianoides 
Jorficatus. Accidental visitor around 
Omaha, but more common through the 
country. 

Marsu Hawk, Circus hudsonius. The 
Harrier or Mouse Hawk as more com- 
monly called arrives here the last of 
March, when pairs may be seen sailing 
along the ground and chasing each 
other like children at play. 

Nidification begins about the first or 
second week in May and if not disturb- 
ed will resort to the same old site for 
years. 

The nest is situated on the ground 
near water in tall grass or on a slight 
hillock in a marsh, composed of coarse 
grasses, old weeds and sun flower 
stalks, if growing near. The nest is 
very loosely constructed and lined with 
coarse grass. 

The eggs are greenish-white, either 
immaculate or faintly spotted with 
brown or lilac, rather oval in shape, 
three to six in number. 

SHARP-SHINNED Hawk, Accipiter 
velox. Found breeding here and north 
of Florence, Neb. It feeds principal!y 
on small birds. 

The eggs are subject to great varia- 
tion. The ground color varies from 
bluish-white to grayish-white, spotted, 
blotched, speckled and clouded with 
fawn color, burnt amber, chestnut, 
chocolate, lavender-gray and dark 
brown, spherical in form. 

CooPEeR’s Hawk, <Accipiter coopert. 


THE OOLOGIST. 139 


The commonest of our Hawks, arrives 
in the latter part of March. It isa 
beautiful and daring bird and quite 
well known to the country people. He 
is not such a free-booter as some would 
imagine, although I will adm: ne loves 
“chicken”. Like the darkey his mouth 
waters when he hears the cackle of a 
hen. He also feeds greatly on smpil 
birds, squirrels and ravbits. He may 
often be seen sailing along close to the 
ground, eagerly lookiny for his prey. 
When one is spied he quickens his 
flight until almost upon it. Then like 
an arrow he swoops down and bears it 
away. It is remarkable how one of 
these birds can sail so swiftly among 
the heavy timber and never strike 
against some tree trunk. 

One day while out hunting I saw a 
Cooper’s hovering over Florence Lake, 
and thinking it rather strange conclud- 
ed to watch him. After twenty min- 
utes had lapsed he slowly began to de- 
secend until within ten yards of a patch 
of rushes. I then arose and fired at 
him but missed. Just then a Mallard 
flew up from the spot where he was 
watching, but Cooper’s did not give 
- chase for he concluded to get out of 
gun range. [I firmly believe he was 
watching the duck. 

The nest of Cooper’s is generally 
situated very high up, and composed of 
small twigs. Crows’ nests are often oc- 
cupied. A pair nested in the same 
nest two yeurs near Scotland. 

Laying commences about the second 
week in May, sometimes the first. The 
eggs are of a pale bluish or greenish- 
white, frequently spotted with pale 
brownish red. The number in a set is 
from four to six. , 

AMERICAN GOSHAWE, Acctpiter arti- 
. capillus. This large and beautiful hawk 
is only a winter visitor to our wood. - 
_ RepD-TAILED Hawk, Buteo borealis. 
The Red-tailed Buzzard is a very com- 
mon breeder in our woods. Like 
Coopert it is also a lover of the barn- 


vard friends, but lacks the nerve of his 
little cousin.. Here they feed princi- 
vally upon squirrels, gophers, chip- 
munks and small birds. The remains 
of the rodents are generally found in 
the nests. 

The nests are situated in very tall 
trees and composed of sticks, twigs 
and bark, lined with bark. The only 
feathers found in the nest’ are off the 
breast of the bird. 

L. Skow took a very fine set of these 
eggs, April 7, 1893 near Scotland, Neb., 
four miles north of Omaha. 

KRIDER’s Hawk, Buteo borealis. Ac- 
cidental visitor; very rare. Took a 
fine specimen near Florence, Neb., 
three miles north of Omaha. 

WESTERN ReEpD-TaIL, Buteo borealis 
calurus. Accidental visitor; have only 
seen one since 1890. 

RED-SHOULDERED Hawk, Buteo line- 
atus. This Hawk is largely distributed 
over the state and is abundant in win- 
ter. A great many call it “Chicken 
Hawk,” but it seldom visits the barn 
yard. Its food is usually frogs, rats, 
mice and sometimes small snakes. 

The nesting of the Red-shouldered is 
almost the same as the Red-tail, but 
here it seems to like small woods. The 
cumber of eggs deposited is three or 
four, sometimes only two. The back- 
ground is bluish or yellowish-white; 
sometimes brownish, spotted and 
blotched irregularly with many shades 
of reddish-brown. A set in my col- 
lection is exceedingly heavily marked 
with dark brown. 

SwAINsON’s Hawk, Buteo swainsont. 
This beautiful bird may also be classed 
as a common breeder here. I have 
never heard of this species visiting the 
barn yards. They feed principally up- 
on gophers, grasshoppers, mice and 
large black crickets. The nests of this 
species are situated in trees, from 380 to 
50 feet from the ground. Old nests of 
Hawks and Crows are also fitted up. 

A set of eggs taken April .0, 1891 


140 


consisted of two. The background was 
of a greenish-white tint, spotted, stain- 
ed and blotched with reddish-brown. 
' BROAD-WINGED Hawk, Buteo latissi- 
mus: The Broad-winged Hawk is also 
a common breeder, but not so common 
as B swainsont. A set of two, taken 
May 15, 1892, answers to the following 
description: ground color yellowish- 
white, variously marked with spots, 
blotches and clouds of umber-brown, 
chestnut and fawn color. The nest 
was situated in a high tree, old Crow’s. 

GOLDEN EAaGuE, Aguila chrysaetos. 
Transient visitor. Not common. A 
pair nested near here in 1884. 

Bap HAGLe, Haliwetus leweocephl- 
us. Transient visitor. Rare. Of late 
years they have become very rare. 

PRAIRIE FALCON, Falco mexicanus. 
Winter visitor; not common. Took a 
fine specimen near Hardwood Lake. 

Duck Hawk, Falco peregrinus anat- 
um. Summer visitor; not common. 
Took two very fine specimens near 
Florence Lake. 

AMERICAN SPARROW Hawk, Jf alco 
sparverius. This handsome little Fal- 
conis a very common visitor to onr 
woods, but I have never found them 
breeding here. 

AMERICAN OspREY. Pandion haliaetus 
carolinensis Visitor; .not uncommon. 
Six specimens were taken .last year 
near Florence, Neb. 

BARN Ow1l, Strix pratincola. Visitor; 
not common. Took seven specimens 
near Kast Omaha last year. 


AMERICAN LONG-EARED Own, <Asio 
wilsonianus. This bird is a common 
breeder. Its notes are like the 


“me-ow” of a cat, but when heard in 
the distance sound more like ‘hoo, 
hoo ow.” The nests of this:species are 
generally old Crow’s or Hawk’s, which 
they repair with a few sticks. The 
eggs are from three to six and some- 
times seven in number. | 
SHORT-EARED OWL, Asio acct; dtrinus. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Marsh or Short-eared Owl, is a 
common visitor. 

BARRED Owl, Syrnium nebulossum. 
This Owlis found among sur bottom 
woods near the river. They commence 
to breed here in the latter part of Feb- 
ruary. The nests are in hollows of 
trees, in old Crow’s and Hawk’s nests. 

The eggs are two or three in num- 
ber, very rarely four, globular, white. 

SCREECH OwtL, Megascops asio, I 
have never found a nest here but sever- 
al collectors say they have taken eggs, 
so I will eall it a summer resident; 
common. 

GREAT HORNED OWL, Bubo virginian- 
Gem of our Owl visitors, it is 
known as the ‘‘Hooter,” Hoot and Cat 
Owl and is the largest of all Owls with 
ear tufts. It is a lover of the barn yard 


US. 


inhabitants,as well as rabbits, raccoons, . 


weasles, minks, ete. 

They commence to breed in Febru- 
ary, and eggs are common until April. 
Bb. virginianus breeds amorg our deep 
woods near the bluffs, also on the bot- 
tom lands. Old Red-tail Hawk’s nests 
are usually occupied after being relin- 
ed. The eggs are two or three in num- 
ber; white in color; globular in form. 

Five eggs in my collection measure 
A LOX 70) 2x75. (2 oilxlasonmneneex 
1.80, 2.29x1.82. 

BURROWING OWL, Speotyto enwicu- 
laria hypogaea. Many of this species 
are found here but I have’ never taken 
their eggs. ‘They breed in the state, but 
not here. 


A Few Hints on Camping. 

I know that when I grew large 
enough to think about going camping, 
I eagerly sought for any points on that 
subject. To the initiated, this article 
will not appear of much interest, but I 
hope that some of the readers will pro- 
fit, by it. 

We will suppose that we are going 
out in the warm summer months. The 


\ 


THE OOLOGIST. 


tent should be large enough to accomo- 
date the party comfortably, so that in 
case of rain, you will not be packed in 
like sardines, which is often the case. 
One word about the place to pitch 
the tent. We always waut to be near 
astream of water, but the lowlands 
are very often unhealthy, so pitch the 
tent, if possible on a bluff, near a group 
of medium sized trees Large ones are 
very apt to blow down, in case ofa 
heavy wind storm. In digging the 
trench around the tent, throw the dirt 
up against the sides, so that you not 


only have a protection against the rain, — 


but a protection against reptiles. 

Each person should be sure to take 
the following outfit; An empty tick (to 
be filled after you reach your destina- 
tion if convenient) or a cot, a camp 
stool, two blankets, two tin cups, two 
knives and forks, and two spoons, be- 
sides the necessary cooking utensils, 
there should be a good tight box for 
the provisions. Of course you are to 
decide the provisions that you want to 
take but be sure to take enough grease 
to fry game with. 

The last time that I was out camping 
‘I ran out of lard but I happened to 
have a lot of breakfast bacon with me, 
so I rendered the lard from it and 
found that it was a very good sub- 
stitute. 

You will probably want to get bird 
skins and eggs, so be sure to take the 
necessary instruments, for there is 
nothing so aggravating, as to secure a 
fine specimen and then not be able to 
save it. 

You can hang the hooks from the 
ridge-pole, and have almost as conven- 
ient a place as if you were in your 
room at home. 

Of all things do not touch the top of 
the tent if it is raining, unless you want 
to get a ducking. One of the first 
times that I slept in a tent, was a night 
when the rain was pouring down and 
as things werenew to me, I could not go 


a revolver with you. 


141 


to sleep. Not thinking what I was doing 
(for I had been warned before hand) I 
reached up and rubbed the tent, direct- 
ly over my head. In a minute or two 
the water commenced to splash in my 


face, and -finally [had to get up and . 


move my bed but I had to go to sleep 
on a water-soaked pillow. 

On a pleasant night I prefer to sleep 
ina hammock, but I think that those 
who have been camping near a piece 
of woods, will agree with me when I 
say that the beginner will find the tent 
more comfortable, when the owls, 
especially the screech owls, begin to 
hoot. I used to think that I never 
would get used to the shrill ery of the 
sereech owl. 

I don’t: think that you will need 
I have camped 
out several times in the woods, and 
have never seen the time when I need- 
ed one. My collecting gun is the only 
arm that I ever take with me, except a 
strong hunting knife, that I use for 
every thing that you can think of, from 
cutting off a limb ofa tree that has a 
birds nest on it and skinning game to 
splitting kindling. 

CuRTIS WRIGHT JR. 
Carthage, Mo. 


Short-billed Marsh Wren. 


Cistothorus stellaris. 

This very peculiar, somewhat rare, 
and extremely interesting species of the 
Wren family is an abundant summer 
resident of North Western Iowa. Its ar- 
rival and departure are both little notic- 
edand little cknown. It must arrive 
quite early as will be seen by some of 
the breeding dates which will occur in 
this sketch. For the same reason it must 
depart rather late. Itis a bird that the 
casual observer will never distinguish 
from the common, “sparrow”, ‘‘grass 
bird,” ete., with which he imagines 
himself to be acquainted. After ar- 


142 THE OOLOGIST. 


riving (whenever that may be) it makes 


its home in the grass with which the 
prairie is covered, and for some reason 
does not appear to sing much before 
the hot months, and certainly not 
before nest building begins. ‘This 
commences early in June and from 
that time until late in August and early 
September one may find the birds 
busily engaged in the duties of nidi- 
fication. Only one nest has come under 
my notice in June. This was found on 
the 9th, and contained two whole eggs 
and several broken ones a herd of 
cattle having run over it. This was 
certainly an exceptionally early date as 
I have not been able to find any sign of 
one that early since. 

From July 15th to August 30th is the 
period of active nesting. At any time 
during those six weeks one may observe 
their habits to his hearts content (that 
is if heis easily contented). One of 
their most characteristic habits is 
mounting a weed-stalk and after sing- 
ing for a few seconds suddenly disap- 
pearing inthe grass at the foot of it. 
From there it may again mount the 
stalk and sing its pleasant song or it 
may emerge from the grass several feet 
from where it entered and fly to an- 
other weed. Its notes are uttered on 
the wing, also. Always when setting, 
it utters several warning notes before 
commencing its real song. Though it 
is some time yet Defore I can hope to 
see the dear little fellow again, it 
seems almost as though I can see him 
mount a “gunweed,” cock his little tail, 
utter the warning notes and sing his 
song, which conveys the idea as plain- 
ly as words, ‘‘Find my nest if you can.” 
‘All right my fine fellow we will try.” 
So we will watchhim. He flies a short 
distance alights and soon disappears in 
the grass. Not seeing him for some 
time we think he has gone to his nest. 
So watching carefully we approach the 
place where he d.sappeared. “Ah! 
there he goes, now let us look for the 


nest.”” But though we search careful- 
ly we cannot find it and we see he has 
fooled us, so we will try another plan. 
Going where the grass grows thickest, 
in some spot where there is a depres- 
sion in the ground which has held 
water longer than the rest, or near the 
waters edge of some pond. we begin 
the search. We mustipart the grass in 
all directions for the nest will be care- 
fully concealed and placed below the 
tops. After considerabl2 time (having 
started in the right place) we finda 
nest. The first we see is that the tops 
of a bunch of grass blades all curl 
towards the center. Looking closer 
we see that they hide the nest, which is 
the shape of a cocoanut, and composed 
of dry grass. We nervously feel for the 
little round hole in the side, just like 
the one in a mouse nest, and eagerly 
insert a finger. Hurrah! Eggs! Well 
we are very fortunate. There are six 
little pearly-white beauties, and fresh. 
We feel much encouraged now and 
again begin to hunt. Before long we 
find another nest. But ah! there are no 
eggs. The nest is not lined nicely with 
feathers as the first one was but is com- 
posed entirely of grass, and very loose- 
ly made. Our ardor is somewhat 
dampened but we continue the search. 
We find several nests but no more 
with eggs, so we see that we were very 
fortunate the first time. We have 
hunted all the afternoon and now we 
go home and prepare the eggs we have 
found. While we were searching Mr. 
Wren did not appear to act any dif- 
ferent than when we were out of sight 
of him. 

I have rarely caught the bird in the act’ 
of nest building. Only once, I think, 
then the nest turned out to be one of 
those which are not used for eggs. 
What is the birds object in building the 
extra nests can never be definately 
known. It is a characteristic of the 
Wren family. The Long-billed Marsh 
Wren builds fully as many extra nests 


ale 


THE OOLOGIST. 143 


as this species. And the House Wren 
will make a nest in each of several 
boxes, if one will put them up, and only 
layin one. This is the greatest pecu- 
liarity. 

The Short-bill sings in the night and 
is the only bird I have ever heard do so 
in Buena Vista Co. This makes it an 
especial favorite with me, and on the 
whole Ithink it is much the most in- 
teresting species I know. It seems to 
me [ could write several hours yet and 
tell something new oneach page, but if 
I do, it will take a whole OdLOGIST to 
contain the article so I will ‘cork up” 
hoping to hear more of this bird through 
the O6LOGIST. 

POOCAETES, 
Indianola, lowa. 
SHEL a —— 
The Prairie Horned Lark. 


Otocoris alpestris praticola. 

During the winter months when the 
snow covers field and woodland; when 
the streams are hidden from view by 
the Frost King’s icy coating, and the 
cold wind is driving the snow in clouds 
over fences, and through thickets where 
in summer time the lively trill of num- 
berless feathered songsters greets the 
ear, how eagerly we listen as from 
across the snowy waste we catch the 
pleasing though broken whistle of the 
Prairie Horned Larks, as, in flocks of 
from a half dozen to twenty or more, 
they wing their undulating flight, or 
pause to rest fora short time on the 
earth’s white mantle, picking what few 
stray seeds the wind has left on the 
weed-stalks projecting, above the snow. 

Otocoris alpestris praticola.—part of 
whose common name is derived from 
the tufts of black feathers over each ear 
resembling horns which it has the pow- 
er of erecting at will, is quite common 
in this part of the state nearly the en- 
tire year. 

I have noted the bird every month in 


the year except two, and one of our 
best authorities has observed it every 
month in the year. Hence, from these 
observations 1 conclude that praticola 
is without doubt a resident here. 

The Prairie Horned Lark is most fre- 
quently found in meadows, pastures, 
or newly plowed fields, usually breed- 
ing in either of the first two mentioned, 
and repairing to the last after the 
young ure old enough to fly, the whole 
family following along after the har- 
row, Similar to the Blackbird. 

Seldom, if ever does this bird perch 
in trees. Its favorite resting place 
when not on the ground, is a stone wall 
or fenee, from which elevation with 
‘‘horns” erect, it will carry on quite an 
animated avian conversation with a 
companion standing perhaps, on a 
large stone a little distance off in the 
field below. 

The song of this lark when heard in 
summer, is quite plain and common- 
place compared with the bubbling bal- 
lad of the Bobolink, the soft warble of 
the Bluebird, or the exuberant whistle of 
the Baltimore Oriole; but when the 
cold days of early autumn and winter 
approach, and all these gayer minstrels 
leave us, then it is, that its cheery fseep, 
tseep, is most thoroughly appreciated. 

Very aptly has Langille expressed 
the song in these words: ‘‘Quwit, qutt, 
guit, you silly rig and get away, the 
first three syllables uttered slowly, and 
the others more hurridly run together. 

A noticable characteristic of this bird 
is its graceful walk; its equilibrium 
being maintained by an easy nodding 
motion of the head. 

Although in the west this Lark is 
said to rear three broods of young in 
a season, only two broods in a season 
are raised in this locatity. The first 
during March, or early in April, the 
last about the first of June. 

The writer has found four nests of 
this species, three of them in the same 
field—an old pasture—within a few 


144 


rods of each other, the fourth in a mea- 
dow quite a distance from the first 
three. 

Perhaps a description of these ‘‘finds”’ 
might be of interest. 

Set No. 1, was taken in June 1888, 
and contained five fresh eggs. Ground 
color, light greenish, uniformly mottled 
over the entire surface with light cho- 
colate brown. Average measurements 
.84 x .60. The nest was a hollow in the 
ground, lined with fine grass. 

Set No. 2, found March 19, 1890, con- 
tained two eggs and as no more were 
laid, the two were taken March 24th. 
The ground was covered with snow at 
the time, to a depth of three inches. 
The parent bird sat close and ‘allowed 
the writer to walk ina circle around 
her till within six feet of the nest, be- 
fore rising. One of the eggs was mark- 
ed similar to those in set No. 1, but 
darker, the other was wholly different 
in coloration, having the marking col- 
lected in a dark greenish-brown wreath 
around the larger end, leaving the 
grayish white back ground clear at 
both extremities of the egg. The speci- 
mens measure .84 x .65, and .84 x .63 
respectively. The nest wasa hollow 
in a buneh of sod, lined with dried 
grass. and contained a few tufts of 
thistle-down. 

Set No. 3, taken March 31, 1891 num- 
bered four fresh eggs nearly uniform in 
size and coloring. Each has the mark- 
ings arranged ina confluent circle of 
dark sage-green around the larger end, 
the remainder of the egg being sparsly 
sprinkled with brownish drab. The 
specimens in this set are unusually 
elongated, as the following measure- 
ments will show: 1x .62, .94 x .62, .94 
x.63 and .94 x .62. The nest was com- 
pactly built of dried grass stems, and 
rootlets, lined on the bottom with this- 
tle-down, the rim of the nest rising two 
inches above the ground. 

Nest No. 4, was found while rolling 
a meadow April 15, 1892. It was com- 


longitudinal 


THE OOLOGIST. 


posed of dried grass and was lined with 
—five young birds just in the down. I 
should have been much better pleased 
to have found five eggs, but the old 
bird had the ‘‘drop”’ on me this time, 
so j turned out and left the downy ol- 
ive branches unmolested. 

I came upon all of these nests ac- 
cidentally. I don’t. know how it is. 
with other collectors but itis almost 
invariably ‘just my luck,’’ never to find 
a nest when I am looking for it. 

“STRAGGLER” 
Medina,N. Y. 


Plumage. 

Among the many subjects discussed 
through the columns of the OéLoGIsT, 
wide and varied as has been the range, 
I have never yet seen reference to the 
construction and characteristics of 
plumage as a whole, regardless of spe- 
cies. One contributor has remarked— 
“Let us first study bones and muscles 
and then feathers.” To the anatomist 
this certainly is logic, but from an or- 
nithological stand point the plumage 
appears to demand priority. Reader 
did you ever stop to consider the com- 
bination of beauty lightness, and 
strength displayed by a feather, not 
necessarily the gem from the ruby gor- 
get of a Hummer, not the plume worth 
its weight in gold from the wings of the 
mammoth among birds, but an ordi- 
nary secondary, from the wing of, pos- 
sibly, the most homely, or perhaps 
more properly, the least beautiful of 
all the birds. 

First we have the quill, which isa 
semi-transparent horny tube, contain- 
ing in its cavity a series of tissue cap- 
sules, united by a central pedicle. At 
its lower extremity is the orifice, 
through which the feather draws its 
sustaining fluids from the body. 

A continuation of the quillis theshaft, 
convex on the back, «und presenting a 
groove beneath. A 


THE OOLOGIST. 145 


feather, you will have noticed, bends 
easily in the direction of the web, but 
on attempting to bend it backwards or 
forwards we find it is quite rigid. 
Upon the examination ofa cross section 
of the shaft, beneath a microscope, the 
reason is at once apparent. The shaft 
like the quill is a horny sheath or tube, 
thick and hard upon its front and back 
faces, but compartively thin upon the 
sides, from which springs the web. 
This sheath is filled with myriads of 
pithy cells. very much resembling hon- 
ey comb, but so small as to be invisible 
to the naked eye. 

The web of the feather is composed 
of a number of elastic strips, arranged 
ina single series on each side of the 
shaft, and inclined toward it. These 
strips, or barbs as they are commonly 
ealled, are mere prolongations of the 
outer coating of the shaft, and are 
somewhat wider at the base than at 
their extremity. 

From the sides of the barbs, and in 
the same manner as they arise from the 
shaft, there Spring immense numbers 
of small filaments known as barbules. 
Again calling our microscope into re- 
quisition, we find that these barbules 
consist of a thin, semi-transparent 
blade, along one edge of which there 
runs a heavy rib, the whole presenting 
a striking resemblance to a scythe blade. 
The main difference being, that in the 
barbules the rib extends some distance 
beyond the blade, andis fitted at its 
free extremity with a number of hooked 
spines, arranged ina series much like 
the teeth inacomb. The use of these 
hooks will appear presently. Place 
two feathers side by side so that their 
webs overlap slightly, and you will 
notice that their barbs cross at almost a 
right angle. In the same manner the 
barbs being side by side upon the shaft, 
the barbules springing from the right 
hand side of the first barb overlap, at 
right angles, the barbules springing 
from the left hand side of the second 


barb, in the samé manner as those 
springing from the right hand side of 
the second barb, overlap those on the 
left of the third, and so on till the tip of 
the feather is reached. The before 
mentioned series of hooks upon the 
overlapping barbules. interlocking so 
firmly, that a close and compact surface 
is formed. 

The wing and tail feathers are of this 
description, while those covering the 
body are usually somewhat different. 
The quill, shaft and barbs, are more 
soft and elastic, the barbules become 
round and thread-like, and there is 
scarcely any appearance of hooks: But 
feathers may be found upon almost any 
bird, ranging anywhere between this 
and the first mentioned. 

Another feature of the body feathers 
on many birds, is the pleumule or ac- 
cessory-plume. This is a collection of 
loose wavy barbs, ranged about the 
junction of the quill and shaft. It var- 
ies much in size upon different species, 
and even upon different parts of the 
same bird, and is not found upon either 
wing or tail feathers. Upon this access- 
sory-plume, as well as the elasticity and 
lightness of the shaft and barbs, de- 
pends very much the value of bed 
feathers. 

Some birds more especially aquatic 
species, having no accessory plume, are 
furnished with a downy covering be- 
neath their ordinary plumage. This 
covering is composed of very small 
tubes lying in the skin, from the interior 
of which there arises a tuft of filaments, 
forming a warm coat without appre- 
ciable weight. 

Feathers possess a few other gradua- 
tions in structure which are unique and 
curious. The Cassoway, instead of or- 
dinary plumage, is furnisned with a 
number of cylindrical tubes, which are 
merely quill and shaft, entirely desti- 
tute ofbarbs. The Bohemian Waxwing 
and our common Cedar Bird, bear at 
the ends of their secondaries, horny 


146 | THE OOLOGIST. 


expansions, resembling red sealing wax, 
while the wild turkey bears onits breast 
a tuft, which certainly resembles hair 
more than feathers. 
F. BARKER. 
SASS SL SE oe CE 
Canadian Birds. 

Asvery few readers of the OOLOGIST 
reside in this vicinity, I may perhaps 
add a few notes on some of the birds 
that are found here. Not that I hunt 
them. or study them in their haunts, 
-but go in an unsportsmanlike manner, 
to Montreal’s great produce and game 
stronghold, the Bonsecours Market. 
Here it is, and for years past that the 
fowl, game and agricultural products 
have been vended. 

It is worth a fortune, on some after- 
noon, to find your way slowly and tor- 
tuously, between innumerable carts 
and even more plentiful natives, to 
study nature here exhibited, and the 
numerous discussions arising about 
goods connected with their bandy carts. 

But to return. Birds of several kinds 
are shot (and snared) in this vicinity 
and invariably find their way to the 
market place. 

It is also an understood affair that 
about double the wanted price is to be 
asked. I suffered at first for want of 
this knowledge. An example. Care- 
fully looking to see what was hung up 
Tespied afine specimen of that noble 
bird, the Pileated Woodpecker.  A\l- 
most turning my nose at the bird, I 
asked its name? ‘‘Don’t know, some 
sort of crow!” What’s the price. Well 
give me .75 and have him. I bought 
that woodpecker for .25, and four spe- 
cimens to my knowledge have been 
there since. 

Great numbers of the Duck tribe are 
represented, such as our beautiful 
Wood Duck, the shapely Mallard, Blue 
and Green-wing Teal, Golden-eye, 
dainty Buffle-head, Blue-bill, Black 
Mallard. Shoveller, two species of Mer- 


ganser’s, Horned Grebe, and Canada 
Goose! That grand bird, the Great 
Horned Owl is quite plentiful. Barred 
Owl’s are quite common, also the Long 
and Short-eared Owl’s can be had now 
and then. Fine specimens of the 
Snowy Owl’s from this vicinity have 
been exposed for sale. Most of our 
Northern Raptores are found in this 
locality, especially that bold bird the 
American Goshawk. The Black Rough- 
legged Hawk has also been very com- 
mon. The Osprey is notrare. Several 
species of Sea Gull’s fly up the St. Law- 
rence in the fall, and numbers are shot. 
The Loon is shot on or near Lakes and 
and are hung up for sale. 

As for mammals, the beaver,raccoon, 
fox, several species of squirrel’s and 
muskrat (dressed) are common enough, 
the beaver comes in but rarely. Sever- 
al species of Snipes and Plovers are very 
abundant. Of these Wilson’s Snipe, 
Golden Plover, Killdeer and the Wood- 
cock are very plentiful, also Yellowleg’s 
and stray Sandpipers. The Canada 
Grouse are always on hand and cheap, 
and thousands of our Ruifed Grouse, 
packed in barrels, and killed, it seems 
to me more by strangulation than shoot- 
ing. Itis in part, the humanity met 
there, that interests one, as going 
through their midst with'Owl or‘Duck’ 
in view, an old woman accosts you 
(French), giving you information on 
pork, onions, blood-sausage ete; or see 
the seething multitude, buying, bargain- 
ing selling. and in all this your humble 
servant jostled, hurried forward until 
arriving at the coveted place, some fine 


birds await you. 


The above is, I know, a very un- 
scientific rambling, but it perhaps 
agrees with the relations attending the 
procural of the specimans, and gives 
an idea of some of the birds that, with 
few exceptions, are taken in this vicin- 
ity. Respectfully yours, 

ALBERT U. ROBERTS. 
Montreal, Canada. 


CHE OOLOGIST. 147 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


His Karly American Career. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH. 
Ke 

With chill Penury staring him in the 
face, Wilson seized his meagre personal 
belongings and stepped ashore at New 
Castle, Delaware, July 14, 1794. No 
anxious expectant faces greeted him on 
his arrival. No acquaintance had he in 
the whole New World to welcome him 
to the Land of Freedom No one to aid 
in diminishing the feeling of solitude 
which attends one’s arrival in a foreign 
Jand, save his nephew, William Duncan, 
and even he immediately set out for 
New York, a distance of four hundred 
miles, to settle on a farm. 

When he arrived he had only one 
shilling in his pocket and that borrow- 
ed from Dunean. He had no letters of 
introduction and not even a decided 
object in view. His old sedentary em- 
ployment of weaver and peddler were 
the only means whereby he could earn 
a livelihood. 

But Wilson was not entirely desti- 
tute. He felt himself transplanted 
from a land enslaved by tyranny and 
the aristocracy of wealth to a land of 
freedom. He hailed with delight his 
arrival in this country as the first step 
towards a new and brighter existence. 

With a strong determination to gain 
an honest subsistence he shouldered his 
gun and set out on foot for Philadel- 
peia, a distance of about thirty miles 
While journeying through the forests 
of the Delaware he became impressed 
with the multitude of strange birds he 
saw. He shot one—a Red-headed 
W oodpecker—which he pronounced the 
most beautiful thing of its kind he ever 
saw. Its peculiar habit of rapping on 
the dead branches; its beautiful scarlet 
head contrasted with the rich glossy 


black of its back did not fail to arouse 
in Wilson an admiration for the feath- 
ered inhabitadts of our woods and 
fields. This little incident occuring as 
it did when he was exulting in his re- 
lease from an oppressed country and 
when he was open for a new employ- 
ment seemed ominous of his future 
pursuits in the New World. 

Friendless and weary he at last ar- 
rived in Philadelphia Refreshed by a 
brief and much needed rest he turned 
his attention to seek an employment 
whereby he could honestly earn a living. 
But for a stranger like Wilson, sepa- 
rated as he was from all acquaintances 
and kinsmen by twothousand miles of 
water, to find immediate employment 


‘without a recommendation was no easy 


task. Employers were reluctant to hire 
workmen about whom they knew ab- 
solutely nothing. Finally the honest 
face of Wilson served him a good turn. 
A copper plate printer of Philadelphia 
was struck by the frank, manly nature 
of Wilson and gave him employment 
in his own business. This he soon re- 
linuqished as not being exactly adapted 
to his tastes, and again took up his 
trade of weaving at Pennypack Creek, 
about ten miles from Philadelphia. His 
employer, Mr. Sullivan, became closely 
attached to Wilson and served him 
many atimely assistance in after life 
when he was struggling to overcome 
the difficulties which beset every step 
of his progress in the achievement of 
his great undertaking. Not leng after 
he removed to Virginia as a settler. 
Ill success attended his sojourn here 
and he returned to Pennypack Creek 
in the old capacity of a. weaver. 

In the summer of 1795 we again be- 
hold him shouldering‘ his old compan- 
ion, the pack, and trudging along 
through New Jersey exhibiting the con- 
tents with some success. The journal 
he kept during this tour is profoundly 
interesting as it contains minute de- 
scriptions of the manners and customs 


148 


of the inhabitants he met with and also 
shows that he was much concerned in 
the natural objects he encountered and 
especially the birds. The taste which 
afterwards made his name immortal 
was gradually being formed, yet the 
circumstances which hastened the in- 
spiration were soon to follow. From 
peddler and weaver he became teacher 
of a country school near Frankford, 
Pa.- From Frankford he removed to 
Milestown and remained there as teach- 
er for a number of years, at the same 
time surveying for the inhabitants 
dwelling in the vicinity, and thus in- 
creasing his small income. No oceu- 
pation he might engage in could be of 
more value to him in view of his future 
study. Formerly he was deficient in 

language and education. Now by hard 
~ study and application he was rapidly 
overcoming these faults. He applied 
himself closely to his work, acquiring 
a broad sphere of knowledge and gain- 
ing more distinction in mathematics. 
While the occupation of school master 
was not as exalting as it might be 
still he manifested no displeasure 
towards his new line of work. The 
income from his school was small, but 
he willingly shared it with his nephew, 
William Duncan, who was striving to 
carve a home out of the stubborn wil- 
derness of Seneca county, New York. 
Wilson himself had an interest in this 
farm, it being purchased by a loan from 
his old friend and former employer, 
John A. Sullivan. Many are the letters 
that he wrote to his nephew encourag- 
_ ing him to bear up with firmness under 
his difficulties. He tells them to put 
up with the rough fare and rough 
clothing of the country. “Let us only 
get the place into good order and you 
shall be no loser by it.” How he atf- 
fectionately encourages them, when his 
own position at the time is far from be- 
ing the most pleasant in the world. 
While stationed at Milestown he under- 
took a journey of eight hundred miles 


THE OOLOGIST. 


through almost an unsettled country 
to visit his friend. He returned after 
an absence of only twenty-eight days, 
having journeyed entirely on foot. 

From Milestown he removed _ to 
Bloomfield, New Jersey, where he — 
taught a villaye school. Soon after he 
applied for the position and his ser- 
vices were accepted as teacher of Union 
School, in the township of Kingsessing, 
not far from Gray’sFerry on the Schuyl- 
kill river. 

We shall hereafter speak of Wilson 
as an Ornithologist, because it was at 
this time and upon the banks of this 
beautiful stream that he received his first 
definite Ornithological inspirations. 
It is a peculiar and striking coixei- 


- dence that both he and Audubon were 


first inspired by the beauties of the 
feathered inhabitants upon the banks 
of the same stream. Both have handed 
down to posterity names that are colos- 
sal monuments in their chosen science 

It was here that Wilson made the 
acquaintance of the famous botanist, 
William Bartram. Their acquaintance 
ripened into a warm friendship. A 
friendship that the cold hand of Death 
alone could dissolve; and alas that was 
destined to happen too untimely. Un- 
der the immediate tutorage of Wm. 
Bartram, Wilson gradually saw the 
curtains drawn away from the face of 
nature and the obscurities therein mi- 
nutely revealed. 


>< > 


Among tke Snake Birds. 


By PERICLES. 


A winter in Florida is among the 
pleasantest memories of my life, and 
the adventures of the season in that 
sunny quarter, form bright pictures 
that are frequently brought to my 
mind’s eye. Ofall the birds that were 
met with on the trip, there were few 
which impressed me with their man- 
ners and peculiarities, as did the Water 


THE OOLOGIST. 149 


This species, 
common 


Turkey Anhinga anhinga. 
so far as I could learn, is 


throughout the state; both in the neigh- 


borhood of salt water, a: well as in the 
interior. I met with it from the north- 
ern part of the state, to Lake Worth in 
the south, and at the edge of the ever- 
glades east of Lake Okechobee. 

This bird, often called Snake-bird, 
from the resemblance which its head 
and long neck bears to a snake,is a pre- 
eminently aquatic species,and is rarely, 
if ever taken at any great distance from 
stream or lagoon. It is found on the 
Atlantic sea-board, but I do not know 
how far to the north, and also through- 
out the border of the gulf, and in many 
quarters well inland on fresh water, in 
Suitable localities. Occasionally it 
straggles as far as the Ohio river by 
way of the Mississippi, and has even 
been recorded from Indiana. 

Water Turkeys lay their eggs in April, 
preferably, but many eggs are to be 
taken in March and I have seen nests 
oceupied in February. Like many 
other southerno species, the Snake Bird 
is quite erratic in its choice of time of 
nest building and egg laying, and I am 
told that it is not unusual to find fresh 

eggs in June. 

One agreeable March day (in Florida 
March is fine) with the thermometer at 
90 degrees, we sallied forth for Snake- 
bird’s eggs. It would have been alto- 
gether too warm fora collector at the 
north to go prospecting, but in the 
south one gets used to the warm weath- 
er, even in the middle of winter; more- 
over there was a delightful breeze 
which was charming in its stimulating 
freshness. Our yacht 


“walked the water like a thing of life,” 


and we four were quickly hustled over 
ten miles of our course. During our 
cruise two trolling lines were kept out, 
with the result that a couple of creval- 
les of three and six pounds were hauled 
over the gunwale, and a four pounder 


channel bass was taken in out of the 
wet. Coming to a little side lagoon we 
sheered off of the main channel, and 
ran into this by-path, as we would eall 
it in the woods. 

All about us were the almost impene- 
trables *mangroves lining the shores, 
while hehind them on a little higher 
ground were palmettos, here called 
cabbage trees; and live oaks. Coarse 
grass and rank vegetation, of, to me 
unknown species, filled in the spaces, 
while in many spots were thick clumps 
of that singular procumben ttree-shrub, 
the saw-palmetto. These, altogether, 


give an appearance of wild grandeur 


which was most pleasing to behold, 
while there was a charm in thinking 
what those recesses might conceal. To 
a northern tenderfoot, of course there 
was the prospect of big and poisonous 
snakes, and alligators of terrific size. 
In fact chere was one of the non-adven- 
turous kind in our party; one who 
could not be induced to go in a jungle 
from fear of snakes}.Nevertheless there 
is no danger, or at least no more than 
from poisonous snakes at the north. 
Children are about barefooted in the 
dense jungle-like places, and new clear- 


* These small trees rise by a series of elevat- 
ed roots from the edge of the water: the begin- 
ning or butt of the trunk being from two to slx 
feet above water or land. Another peculiar 
feature is seen in the branches which in many 
instances grow downward and apparently take 
root again. Allmaking an almost impenetra- 
ble barrier and presenting a most Singular ap- 
pearance. 


’ 


+ I met one plume hunter who was badly bit- 
ten by a water moccasin, fovicophis, and he ful- 
ly explained his plight, and treatment to me. 
He was an Afro-american and at the time he 
was bitten was thirty miles from a settlement. 
The snake struck him when he was out in the 
Heron and Egret plume region. He first suck- 
ed the wound, which was on his foot, just above 
the toes, and then bound the leg above the 
ankle and again above the knee. Next he scar- 
ified the foot all about the wound with a sharp 
knife, afterwards placing a handful of gun-pow- 
der on the foot and ignited it. Making for the 
settlement. he had to rest frequently, and had 
to remove the bandages as they hurt so that he 
said he would rather die. After making the 
distance he was sick two weeks and a portion of 
the upper part of the foot sloughed off. This 
manundouodtedly sayed his life by his heroic 
treatment. ; 


> 


150 THE OOLOGIST. 


ings and one rarely hears of accidents.+ 

Soon we spied a nest of the kind 
which we were in quest, and by urging, 
our major domo, George Washington 
Monroe, was prevailed upon to climb 
the tree. The nest contained four eggs 
which were fresh. It was all of ten 
feet up in the mangrove and on a limb 
hanging over the water. The feat of 
climbing was accomplished only by the 
ald of much boosting and ample praise 
bestowed on George Washington Mon- 
roe and when he returned to the boat 
with the set—an ovation was held. We 
jollied up the poor colored boy until he 
puffed with pride, and began to bluster 
that he could ‘‘climb any tree in Flori- 
da.” But the very next nest, twelve 
feet from the surface, was a poser for 
George Washington and we had to 
give upin despair. He tried as hard as 
it was possible for an imp of darkness 
to try, but at last slid down, without 
even a grin on his face. We offered 
hima jack knife, a silver quarter, a 
rabbits foot*;and we told him we would 
Hoo-doo him for all summer unless he 
took the eggs. His reply was: <“‘No 
use talkin Boss—dshyar n'ggah kyant 
clim dat ar tree! Too high Boss! No 
use talkin—nohow! Iaint agwine to 
run no chances to git my neck broke, 
an lev my pore ole mammy wid no 
George Washington to take ear ob her.” 

Here was a pretty fix. I’m lame and 
and could not climb a peach tree. One 
man weighing over two hundred and 
fifty was out of the question. Another 


+ One is quite apt to to think, from stories 
that are heard, that poisonous snakes are to be 
found everywhere in Florida, and that alllga- 
tors, scorpions, huge sharks and wild Semin- 
oles are to be seen on everyhand. The fact is, 
most of the sharks are under five feet in length, 
alligators are mostly found stuffed in curiosity 
stores, while the snakes, scorpions and Indians 
know enough to keep hidden generally. 


* The negroes of the South are very super- 
stitious. One of their chief mascots to bring 
good luck and avert disaster is the foot of a 
rabbit shot by the light of a new moon. 


one afraid of snakes, and this colored+ 
boy without enough nerve to climb up 
a small tree, you might say, with spec- 
ial steps all the way up. 

So of course we left that nest. The © 
next two nests contained no eggs and 
the following three were only from two 
to seven feet up. They contained two, 
three and four eggs respectively. The 
nests are quite bulky structures and 
somewhat like the smaller Heron’s plat- 
form nests. The eggs can generally be 
seen in or on the nest when one’s eyes 
are still below a level with the margin. 
The color was a bluish white and the 
shell is more or less covered with 
chalky deposit. One egg in a set that 
we took was entirely different from the 
rest, being of a light chocolate color. 

The Water Turkey is generally a very 
sly bird and it is only by chance that a 
collector gets a good view of one close 
at hand. The birds usually leaye the 
nest before the collector is anywhere 
near it, and this is done so quickly that 
the act is rarely noticed. However if 
one is able to steal up unobserved, the 
rattled condition of the setter may, be 
noted with amusement. ‘The bird in its 
hurry to escape, not rarely dashes 
against limbs, and snags, and seems to 
strike everything near it. I do not 
think that I have ever seen as rattled a 
bird as one that I beheld on Indian 
River. Our steamer was going through 
the narrows, when a Snake-bird or An- 
hinga came tewards us. Seeing our 
boat it settled in the water, making no 
attempt to fly back as it had come. 
It dove and swam quite a distance, and 
came up with its head and neck expos 
ed alone, a common and singular prac- 
tice of the species. Before it could re- 
cover itself, the steamer passed over it. 
In due time, it was seen to rise, after 
the steamer had passed, and fly away, 
perhaps to gossip about its latest exper- 
ience. 


+ If one spoke to Geo. W. M. about colored 
people, he’d reply: ‘‘Yo’s mistooken Boss. 
Dey ’aint culled. Dey’s born’d dat way Boss.’’ 


THE OOLOGIST. 151 


To return to’our collecting trip: We 
finally found a nest with the bird on, a 
rather unusual occurrance in the day 
time, in the south, where the eggs are 
often left to the sun’s care. This bird 
dove near the boat, and we watched 
her with interest, in her manoeuvres to 
elude and deceive us. She would dive 
and emerge; sometimes coming entirely 
above the surface, but generally show- 
ing the head and four to eight inches of 
the long, slim neck alone. To persons 
inclined to credulity, I can believe that 
it would be an easy matter to convince 
them that the creature was a sea serp- 
ent, or, at least a water snake. The 
Water Turkey can swim in this posi- 
tion for an indefinite time. Keeping 
the body entirely below the surface, it 
presents a striking feature of adaptabil- 
ity to the requirements of the times. 
TI could not help but compare it to our 
war monitors, which only give evidence 
of their presence by the upper parts, 
while the main bulk of the craft is con- 
cealed below water line, and compara- 
tively out of danger. The bird is a 
good diver but cannot compare to the 
hades plunger vevised edition, or hell- 
diver, old style. Ina few minutes a 
good opportunity presenting, an ounce 
of No. twelves turned Mrs.* Anhinga’s 
toes up, and we secured her and moved 
on. 

At last we came to a straggling her- 
ony, comprising at least two species of 
Herons. Plenty of Louisiana and Lit- 
tle Blue Herons and an_ occasional 
White Heron Ardea egretta, now often 
called American Egret, were seen, but 
I cannot attest that the last was breed- 
ing. lt was impossible to distinguish 
the owners of the nests in a general 
herony of this kind, and we made no 
attempt.f The nests were mainly built 
from six to ten feet up, and often in the 
tops of black mangroves, but quite 
commonly in other species of low trees 
and shrubs. Many of the nests con- 
tained young and these callow creatures 


could be seen stretching up their skin- 
ny uecks as we passed, making quite a 
clatter in their demands for food. 

We had already visited several her- 
ouies and taken eggs of different species, 
and had all that we desired—so we left 
the spot and continued our search for 
Anhinga nests. One nest was found all 
of thirty feet from the ground while 
several were seen at a foot to three feet 
up. 

George Washington failed to see the 
high nest when it was pointed out, but 
easily spotted the nests which were 
built on the low bushes. He quickly 
waded in for them, but was nearly sear- 
ed to death when he beheld a harmless 
water snake, which we assurred him 
was the deadly moccasin. The way he 
tore for the boat was a caution. The 
water boiled, the mud flew, and we 
laughed. The eyes on that coon stuck 
out like lobster’s eyes—and we could 
not get him to leave the boat again on 
any pretext whatever. 

It was getting too warm for comfort 
in the quiet lagoon, and so we conclud- 
ed to get out on the river and take a 
sail. Finally the yacht picked her. way 
through the tortuous passage—by the 
combined efforts of all on board. We 
continued our sailing aad trolling for 
the rest of the day, landing a fine string 
of fish and having an excellent time. 
At supper time we drew up to the 
wharf, and if our appetites did not sur- 
prise the landlord, it was because he 
had seen the same performance nearly 
every day for over a month. 

Perhaps my readers will wonder why 
I did not confine my entire time to col- 


* This specimen has gone to the Columbian 
Exhibition at Chicago, along with a lot of other 
specimens, in all twenty-seven species of fish- 
eating birds from my collection. 


+ I feel confident from what I have seen in 
this connection, that there is a great deal of | 
misrepresentation by collectors who gather 
eggs for the profit there is in it. One should 
only buy of, and exchange with reliable dealers ; 
otherwise one is pretty sure to get fooled, in- 
tentionally or by ignorant yet well meaning 
persons. 


152 


lecting. The reasons are various. 
First, companionship was agreeable, 
fishing excellent, and then too—its 
awfully lazy weather down South. 
Nevertheless my note-book and pencil 
were in constant use. Moreover my 
companions had as much right to the 
yacht as I, and were very kind to assist 
me as they did. So we generally went 
ina squad. One day on the beach. 
Next fishing. Then after Ducks, and 
Heron’s plumes, and so on. Our time 
was all taken up. We were always 
hungry and happy, and slept well. 
One day we secured thirty-one Water 
Turkey’s eggs and on another occasion 
seventeen. 


MARCH CONTEST. 
One Hundred and Forty-one Judges. 


Prize winners and credits received 
by each were as follows:— 

1. The Herons of Michigan. 661. 

2. Chat and Cliff Swallow. 306. 

3. The Barred Owl. 292. 

4. The Great Horned Owl in Iowa. 
199. 

5. Another Day with the Birds of 
Southern California. 197. 

Hints un Skinning and Mounting 
Birds, receiving 171 credits, was award- 
ed a duplicate of the fifth prize. 

The following articles were each 
awarded one year’s subscription to the 
O6LOGIST: 

The American Bittern. 119. 

How to Prepare a Bird Skin. 76. ° 

The list of Judges this month was the 
largest on record and by glancing back 
we find that our contests are constantly 
growing in favor. 

Although the list of Judges was larg- 
er than ever before still only one nam- 
ed the articles in their correct order. 

The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 

1. No. 58—M. Y. Stewar, Saxon, 
Henry Co., Ills, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


f 


2. No. 69—George ° Miller, York, 
Ieeming,. ly Bs Bt, a, 4k 

3. No. 107—C. Barlow, Santa Clara, 
Calif. 1, 3, 2,5, 4. 

4. No. 110—Ellis F. Hadley, Day- 
ton, Oregon. 1, 2, 4, 3, 5.. 

5. No. 8—Wait C. Johnson, Centre 
Rutland, Vt. 1, 2, 8, 4, 3. 


The following were each awarded a 
copy of the World’s Fair Almanae: 

No.2. Ed. Doolittle, O. 

9. KE. D Sanderson, Mich. 

34. Benj. Hoag, N. Y. 

52. B.S. Bowdish, N. Y. 

55. Clifton Howe, Vt. 

70. Fred A. Gregory, Ills. 

78. Thos. A. Smithwick, N. Car. 

79. B.S. Loudon, Mich. 

84. W. E. Bradford, Ky. 

93. Dana C. Gillett, N. Y. 


108. H.C. Day, O. 
106. Brace & Hunter, Minn. 
108. A. R. Heyward Jr., S. Car. 


All prizes were mailed April 10th. 


—— 


May 3, 1892 as I was standing in 


swampy bush lot listening to the song 
of a Goldfinch a Wilsons Thrush came 
running along on the ground and as I 
was very still it came quite close, just 
then a Black-cap Chickadee lit close by 
the thrush, the thrush didn’t seem to 
like it for he flew at the chickadee and 
it flew toabush in fnont of me and 
looked up in my face. It was directly 
in front of me aud within one foot of 
my hand. I thought it would fly away 
but no, it was not through with me yet. 


It lit on my shoulder and then on tne 


rim of my hat and walked around it 
stopping to pick at the band and then 
flew away. All this time I was stand- 
ing very still and I don’t know whether 
it thought I was astub of a tree or 
merely wanted to get acquainted. Has 
any one had a similar experience? 
VERDI BURTSH, 
Branchport, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OoLocistT. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers 
ALBION, N. Y. 


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tural History Business, which includes 
the OoLocist. Our business will be 
conducted in the future under the firm 
name of F. H. Lattin and Co. and from 
Albion, N. Y.. Our Chautauqua stores 
will be open from June 15th to Sept. 
15th. We shall have an exhibit cover- 


_ after May 20th. 


’ Albion. 


153 


ing 2000 sq. ft. at the World’s Colum- 
bian Exposition, and after June 1st we 
shall have a store conveniently located 
in Chicago. Street address will be 
given in June OdLOGIST or by letter 
Our Mr. Mathes who 
has beenin my employ for the past 
four years will have charge of the Chi- 
cago store. Mr. Webb will hustle the 
mail business from my old stand at 
Our Chautauqua stores will 
be in charge of competent assistants, 
who have been with me for years, and 
“Lattin” will endeavor to keep the run 
of everything and now expects to di- 
vide the bulk of his time between the 
Exhibit and the Chicago Store where he 
expects to meet every one of the two- 
thousand subscribers of the O6LOGIST. 
If during ’93 you cannot call on either 
“Tattin” or ‘“Webb” try and make it a 
point to visit either our Headquarters, 
our Stores or last but not least our Ex- 
hibit. 
As ever faithfully yours 
FRANK H. LATTIN. 


— e+ 


W. E. Pratt of Chicago, writes of col- 
lecting sets of Blackbird, Yellow-billed 
Cuckoo, Towhee, Field Sparrow, Red- 
eyed Vireo, Screech Owl and mentions 
a number of other species nesting, 
where the mammoth buildings of the 
World’s Fair, now stand. 


John Larsen, of Chicago, writes that 
he can vouch for the croaking of the 
Least Bittern, as mentioned in his 
article in Feb. OoLtogisr. It might be 
interesting to have the actual obser- 
vance of other collectors on this sub- 
ject. 


EK, J., of Council Bluffs, Ia., desires to 
express his opinion, that collectors 
should be more careful in preparing 
egos. He states a great many of his 
correspondents, have sent him eggs 
recently, that were neither properly 
drilled nor thoroughly blown. 


154 THE OOLOGIST. 


Mr. Edward Heller of Riverside, Cal. 
states in answer to Mr. Grinnells query, 
that he has shot several specimens of 
the Virginia Rail near his city the past 
winter and that they are not an uncom- 
mon resident, he has observed them in 
Tule Swamps in June but has not suc- 
ceeded in yet taking their eggs. 


Dr. Prill, of Oregon. writes under 
date of Marei 30th that the birds are 
mating and looking for nesting sites, 
and that the Warblers are arriving 
daily. 


A. W.B., Cedar Rapids, lowa, writes 
of taking a large set of the Downy 
Woodpecker. The nest when first 
found contained four eggs, he took 
three and left one, returning a few days 
later he found three more eggs. 


E. C. D., Gainesville, Texas, gives a 
valuable way to dry eges. After the 
specimen is blown, and thoroughly 
rinsed, hold it over a stove, lighted 
match, or blaze with hole down, and 
the hot air will very quickly remove all 
surplns water and render the egg per- 
fectly dry. Hestates that the trans- 
formation will be a genuine. surprise 
to collectors who have not tried it. 


We have received a number of criti- 
cisms to the article, ‘‘A Criticism’ in 
April OoLoeist. Two or three sub- 
seribers, call the writer to question 
relative to the breeding range of the 
Barn Owl, claiming it does breed in 
Indiana, but we regret that they failed 
to give positive proof or cite reliable 
authority to corroborate their state- 
ments. Several correspondents, also 
state positively that they have observed 
and identified Wood Thrushes, singing 
from the tops of forest trees. 


Weare greatly indebted to Mr. H 
Nehrling, of Milwaukee, Wis., member 
of the A. O. U. for No’s of VI, VII, and 
VIII of his handsome work ‘North 
American Birds.’’ The descriptions are 
not what would be termed strictly scien- 


tific yet they are thoroughly accurate,and 
very pleasant reading for all. No. VII. 
besides containing many descriptions 
of birds, gives some attention to ‘“‘Mi- 
gration,” ‘“‘Utility of our Birds,”’ ‘‘Birds 


of Beauty,” “Birds of Song,” ‘Bird 
Enemies”, ‘“‘Bifd Legislation,” and 
various other topics. The plates 


through the parts thus issued, are mo- 
dels of Lithographic art, and the gen- 
eral make up of each number, is of the 
highest order. It has been decided to 
make tw o volumes of the work,and num- 
ber VIII just issued, completes volume 
I. We would advise all parties interested 
tosend for prospectus or $1.00 for a 
sample number to his publisher Mr. 
Geo. Brumder, 288 West Water Street, 
Milwaukee, Wis. 


“ANOTHER SCHEME,” on page 90 
of the March OoLoGiIstT, was doubtless 
read by most of the OoLOGIsT’S readers. 
Since the publishing of this article, we 
have been more firmly convinced than 
ever that if the ‘“‘“Scheme’”’ was properly 


carried out, it could be made of great 


interest. Having received so many 
answers from the notice and having 
thousands of eggs from hundreds of 
Odlogists offered for the exhibit, we 
have decided to place the Oological 
Section of our exhibit in the hands of 
the readers of the OoLoGisT. Our ex- 
hibit will oceupy 2,000 square feet, in 
the S. E. Corner of the Ethnological 
Building—the building assigned for all 
Natural History exhibits—and will be 
devoted almost exclusively to Oodlogy, 
Ornithology, Conchology, and to the 
Instruments, Supplies and Publications 
required by the Naturalist. We hope 
to make the exhibit of much interest 
and well worth visiting. The Qologi- 
cal portion of the exhibit shall have 
preference over all others, and we ex- 
pect it will oceupy about one-third of 
our entire space. If, however, the 
Oodlogists of America see fit to use every 
inch of the 2,000 square feet allotted for 
our exhibit, we shall be only to glad to 


THE OOLOGIST. 155 


At date of going to press, the Ethno- 
logical Building is unfinisned and on 
this account we shall be unable to in- 
stall our exhibit until May 15th, and 
we would not be much ‘surprised if it 
was pretty close to June 1st, before we 
had everything ‘‘ship-shape.” In our 
exchange columns we give a list of A. O. 
U. numbers, showing the sets of species 
which we have already accepted for the 
exhibit. Our own stock of eggs is so 
extensive that we can readily fill up 
many gaps and put up a magnificent 
collection but as we are hearing from 
subscribers daily, wishing to add some- 
thing of their collecting or from their 
collections, we have concluded to hold 
the offer open until May 20th for the 
benefit of those who have not already 
added their ‘‘mite” to the ‘‘scheme”. 
If you have any fine sets not now repre- 
sented, and you wish to have them ex- 
hibited at Chicago, send a list of them 
at once, and we will select what we can 
use, giving you further information, 
and full particularsabout shipping, ete, 
Do not send eggs without instructions 
from us. 

As intimated in our ‘‘Scheme”’ in 
March OoLoGist we will hold our- 
selves responsible for all eggs loaned, 
and we have been fortunate in securing 
space on the side of the building, where 
the eggs will be best protected from 
bright light. We shall issue a Souve- 
nir Catalogue of the exhibit, giving a 
complete descriptive list of same, with 
naines of contributors, ete., which will 
be distributed gratuitously to all inter- 
“ested. 

This “Scheme” has advanced so far 
already that it is sure to be a grand 
success, and it now rests with you to aid 
in making it doubly se. Our only de- 
sire in extending the offer, is to give all 
achane to exhibit sets that may wish 
knowing full well that ‘numbers count” 
in making an egg exhibit, and that the 
more that enter into it, the greater will 
be the ultimate success. Remember 


you must write at once, if you wish to 
be ‘in it.’ It is barely possible that 
after May 23th we can include a few 
extra rare sets that may be taken this 
season, or that are offered, but it will 
depend entirely onspace, and the rarity 
of the species. 


Trinominal Nomenclature. 

Trinominal nomenclature consists in 
applying to every individual organism, 
and to the aggregate of such organisms 
now known to intergrade in physical 
characters, three names. One of these 
expresses the sub-specific distinctness of 
the organism from all other organisms. 
The other two express respectively its 
specific indistinctness from, or generic 
identity with certain other organisms. * 
The three, written consecutively con- 
stitute the technical name of any sub- 
specifically distinct organism. 

The system proceeds upon a sound, 
scientific principle, underlying one of 
the most important problems of the 
present time, namely that of the varia- 
tions of animals under different physi- 
cal conditions of environment and thus 
of the origin of species itself. The sys- 
tem is also connected with the subject 
of geographical distribution of animals. 

As the study of Zoology progressed 
and the study of animals of large areas 
became better known, it was found 
that often different ones of the same 
species varied so much in color, hab- 
its, size, etc., that a person not well ac- 
quainted with these variations would 
be almost certain to class the speci- 
mens as different species. It also be- 
came evident that; individuals of the 
Same species were often greatly modi- 
fied through the influence of latitude, 
longitude, elevation, temperature and 
certain other climatic conditions, etc. 
Such local forms were often extremely 


* Melospiza (generic) fasciata (specific) fal- 
lax (sub-specific). 


156 THE OOLOGIST. 


different from one another. All that 
kept them from being rated as differ- 
ent species was the fact that they 
were known to intergrade near the 
confines of their respective habitats. 
As examples we will take birds. The 
same facts, however are applicable to 
any other branch of the animal king- 
dom, or even to plants. 

When the Song Sparrows were care- 
fully studied, it was found that those 
living in one part of the country differ- 
ed very much from those in some other 
part. Inthe Hastern U.S. and as far 
West as the Great Plains, the differ- 
ences between individuals from differ- 
ent parts was very trifling. They 
would all answer to the same descrip- 
tion. Their surroundings, their en- 
vironment, was much the same in 
every district and no barriers prevent- 
ed afree migration from one part to 
another. Why should they be differ- 
ent? These sparrows were named 
Melospiza fasciasa. 

But in Arizona and New Mexico the 
surroundings were different. The hot, 
dry climate had changed the color of 
our little bird. The difference could 
not be called specific as on the borders 
of their territory the differences  be- 
came less evident. ‘They inter graded. 
They were given the name Melospiza 
fasciata fallax, retaining the generic 
and specific names, but having the sub- 
specific term added. * 

In Colorado, Utah and Northward, 
they were found to differ from the Ari- 
zona variety, as well as from the East- 
ern form. They were named Melospiza 
Fasciata montana. 

It is not to be inferred that these 
varieties are gradations between Mel- 
ospiza fasciata and some other bird. 
They are only the subjects of variations 
between groups of individuals of the 
same species, These groups have been 
subjected to different environments. 
Any one of these might be called ‘‘typi- 
cal’ and the others ‘‘varieties.” The 


fact that they intergrade shows us that : 
they are but varieties of the same spec- 
ies. 

There has been some condition or set 
of conditions active enough to start 
them in some particular line of varia- 
tion. Why ean not those conditions 
carry them on in these variations? 


They certainly will unless the subject 


has become perfectly adapted to its 
surroundings. 

The better the two varieties beeome 
adapted to their environments, the 
more different will they become, be- 
cause their environments differ. Some 
of these are specifically different. The 
only thing that prevents their rating as 
different species is the fact that they 
intergrade on the borders of their ter- 
ritories. If something should trans- 
pire to more completely separate them 
then they would be known as distinet 
species. S. 


Eastern U.S. toPlains. 
New Mexico and 


* Melospiza fasciata. 

Melospiza fasciata fallax, 
Arizona. 

Melospiza fasciata montana. 
and northward. 

Melospiza fasciata . heermannii. 
Southern Cal., East into Nevada. 

Melospiza fasciata samuelis. Coast of Calif. 

Melospiza fasciata guttata. Coast of Oregon 
and Washington. 

Melospiza fasciata rufina, 
Col., north to Sitka. 

It is also to note the series of Shore Larks. 
with their localities and the measurements of 
types. 

Otocoris alpestris. W, 4.44. T, 3.02. Bill, 97. 
Northwestern N. A., Lab. and Greenland. 

O. alpestris praticola. W.,4.17, 'T,2.93.. B. .83 
Upper Miss. Valley. 2 

O. alpestris leucolema. W, 4.39 
.89. Brit. America and Alaska. 

0. alpestris arenicola. W, 4.2%. 7, 3.25. B, 
.84. Gt. Basin and Rocky Mts. 

O. alpestris girdudt.. Wi, 3:87, TZ; 257.. B, 
.80. Eastern Texas. 


Colorado, Utah 


Interior 


Coast of Brit. 


T, 2.96. B,. 


O. alpestris chrysolaema. W, 3.98. T, 2.91. B, 
.83. Mexico. 

O. alpestris rubens. 
California. 


O. alpestris strigata. 


Wiis cna | MM als 15 fide 


Wi, 33995) aetna dOu 


THE OOLOGIST. 157 


To the Public. 


COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION, 
Mareh 30,° 1893 —To the 
Public: Because of many misrepre 
sentations and misstatements relative 
to Exposition management and affairs 
being in circulation through the press 
and otherwise, both in this country 
and abroad, and in reply to many 
letters of inquiry or complaint touch- 
ing the same matters, it seems advis- 
able that some official statement re- 
garding them should be made to the 
public. Uherefore I respectfully ask 
that the widest publicity be given to 
the following facts: 

1. [he Exposition will be opened in 
readiness for visitors May 1. 

2 An abundance of drinking water, 
the best supplhed to any great city in 
the world, will be provided free to all. 
The report that a charge would be 
made for drinking water probably arose 
from the fact that hygeia water can 
also be had by those who may desire it 
at one cent a glass. 

3. Ample provisions for seating will 
be made without charge. 

4, About 1,500 toilet rooms and 
closets will be located at convenient 
points in the buildings and about the 
grounds, and they will be absolutely 
free to the public. Thisis as large a 
number in proportion to the estimated 
attendance as has ever been provided 
in any exposition. In addition to 
these there will also be nearly an equal 
number of lavatories and toilet rooms 
of x costly and handsome character as 
exhibits, for the use of which a charge 
of five cents will be made. 

5. The admission fee of 50 cents 
will entitle the visitor to see and enter 
all the Exposition buildings, inspect 
the exhibits, and, in short to see every- 
thing within the Exposition grounds, 
except the Eiqnimaux Village and the 
reproduction of the Colorado cliff dwel- 
lings. For these as well as for the 
special attractions on Midway Plaisance 
a small fee will be charged. 

6. Imposition or extortion 
description will not be tolerated. 

7. tree medical and emergency 
hospital service is provided on the 
grounds by the Exposition manage- 
ment. 

8. The Bureau of Public Comfort will 
provide commodious free waiting- 
rooms, including spacious ladies’ 
parlor and toilet roomsin various parts 
of the grounds. 

H. N. HiginpotTuHam, President. 


W ORLD’S 
CHICAGO, 


of any 


Early Nesting. 

Mr. F. B. Jewett of Los Angels. Cal- 
fornia, writes of taking a full set of 
Mourning Dove on the fifth of Febru- 
ary, and Mr. Barlow of Santa Clara, 
records a complete set of the Anna’s 
Humming bird on February 23d and 
that the friend with him found a nest, 
with one young and one egg. 

a i ee A 

Mr. Fred D. Snyder a’95 Medie of the 
University of Michigan who has been 
in the employ of ‘‘Lattin’”” most of the 
time since ’87 will havu charge of the 
Zoological Exhibit of the Ward’s Natur- 
al Science Establishment at the World’s 
Columbian Exposition. 


t="New and Second Hand Book 
List, mentioned on page 158 of this 
OoLoGIsT, will be mailed free to all ap- 
plicants. 


Davie's Nests and Eggs 


OF. 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS, 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc. by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M.D., 

2 d W. Otto Emerson. 


of the Land and Waiter Birds of North Ame 
which includes al} the species known to ex 
those that occtir or are indigenous north of the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California, 

The breeding range of each species is givem 
the time of nesting, the exact number ofe 
laid. their color and size together with the chi 
characteristics of the birds. 

‘he arrangement of the work ts according # 
the cew nomenclature of the A. O. U. Code ; 
Cheek List, and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) 
as used in former editions, are piaced to the 
right of each species. Throughout the text ali 
the common names ofthe birds are to be found, 
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX of these & 
given. 

An invaluable book as an ald for the identifi 
cation of specimens to all those collecting in t 
field. 


’he work consists of 475 pages and 13 full pag 
Mlustrations. 


Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1.75 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and Bees 
ist- 


FRANK H. LATTIN 
Sole Wholesale AL en 
Orleans Ca, Avion N. ¥. 


158 THE OOLOGIST. 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the OoLoatst will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and occupies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. . : 


NEW AND SECOND-HAND BOOKS. 


We have several hundred volumes of desirable works either new or as “‘good as 
new,” unless otherwise noted, at least as far as the text is concerned, which 
we shall offer from time to time at greatly reduced rates. Of many we have only 
a single copy—hence the importance of sending your order early and naming 
second choice. Most of the books offered tbis month are well illustrated. 

We give size and number of pages, owr price and the amount necessary to add 
to the same if you desire the books you order sent by mail or express. prepaid. 

Address, F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion. N. Y. 


Can coin big money. Bran new 
plan. Great craze. Just out. 
“Good side line.” Biggest chance 
ever oifered agents. salary or com- 
mission. Be quick. Goods on 
credit. Samples, etc., Free. MUL- 
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Phila..Pa. 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. ; 


"CAVEATS, 
TRADE MARKS, 


DESICN PATENTS; |} 
nee ; COPYRIGHTS, ete, 
‘or information and free Handbook write to 
MUNN & CO., 361 BROADWAY, New Yoak. 
Oldest bureau for securing patents in America. 
Every patent taken out by us is brought before 
the public by a notice given free of charge in the 


Semitic American 


Largest circulation of any scientific paper in the 

world. Splendidly illustrated. No intelligent 

man should be without it. Weekly, $3.06 a 
ear; $1.50 six months. Address MUNN & CO. 
UBLISHERS, 361 Broadway, New York City. 


To the World’s Fair. 


Join the club that is being organized 
to attend the World’s Fair at Chicago. 
You can pay for your ticket in weekly 
or monthly payments; the ticket covers 
railway fares, board, room and excur- 
sion tickets. The United World’s Ex- 
eursion Co. is the strongest in the 
United States, apply to Local agent or 
write to Exeursion Co., N. HE. Dep’t, 
406 Exchange B’ld’g, Boston, Mass. 


THE OOLOGIST. 159 


An Announcement. 


I wish to announce to my many friends and patrons, that I have 
removed from Geneva to Alb on, N. Y., having formed a partnership 
with Mr. F. H. Lattiu, whom you all well know and many through 
years of correspondence. By combining our stocks, we believe we have 
the largest assortment of Eggs, Bird Skins, Shells, Fossils, Minerals, 
Curiosities, Books and Naturalists’ Supplies in America. My monthly 

ists will be discontinued, but other lists will be issued from time to 
time. We have now in press a more complete catalogue of what we 
have for sale than has heretofore been offered our patrons. We have 
also just issued an unique “WHOLESALE LIST” giving low prices on 
hundreds of specimens, of which our stock is so large that we are enabl- 
ed to quote hundred and thousand rates. This list is for DEALERS ONLY 
and for those who desire to buy to sell again. We shall continue to offer 
bargains in all departments and you will do well to correspond with us 
when in want of anything in the Curio, Specimen or Naturalists’ Supply 
line. 

Fraternally yours, 


WALTER F. WEBB. 


Washington, April, 24th, 1896- 

I have used Mr. hat in se sliding iCalipers 
for several months now and consider them su- 
perior to any instrument of this kind I have 
cotta ts readily manipulaved salen in 
every way and more work can be done with it 
with greater accuracy than with other contri- 
wemees Ol this Kind. .1 have used several 
Others and prefer this to all. Every Oolo- 


gist should use it, 


CHRVUNS BIND Mealy 
OM, CUieae oir Oo lores ez I 1Die\/o) we 


160 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Presented during 1893 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 


THE QOLOGIST. 


Each month during 1898 we shall 
give five prizes. These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s O6LoGIsT. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ ‘‘Key to North American 


BUGS eer a Ae eae ZARA Seas $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘‘Manual of North 
ANTUMEIMCEHN INES SoG k a 5568 7 50 


Cham berlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- 


Oy” (B SO\SNosods vous gens 8 00 
Gossis) @Birds of Kansas?*.2 s) 222750 
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’s) ‘“‘Amer- 

1@zhay Ohara noloery? ss 52 hou 7 50 


Maynard’s:‘Birds of KasternNorth 
America’’ (text complete). 15 00 
Washington Irving’s Works, 10 


WOU ite wianigane 66 PS ans ci ourato 7 50 
Wm. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10 


PNOUSS Role aan Renae cog UO OU 
Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 
Jenk’s “‘ComprehensiveCommen- 

tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 

large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographic Books 


and Publications.......... 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 
COZ ON ce en ee aca nae 6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 
NAN SOUSA Scents ele Garmin 31 50 
A Due-Rill good yor$33.00towards 
a news45.00AmericanUnion 
(same as New Home) Sew- 
mMoWVE ae MiMe le cee Sane 38 00 
a new $20 double case Odell 
AD VAD C AVEMBEK es tei sa ee 12 00 
2nd Prize each month will be a part 
of ‘“Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,” each containing an average 
of 8 plates and 340 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 


worth at publisher’s original price not: 


far from $7 50: 

3d Prize—Langille’s “Our Birds in 
Their Haunts”, $3.00 

4th Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North American 
Odlogy” unbound, no plates, original 
price about $3.00. 

5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- 
can Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Each article receiving at least as 
many credits as there are number of 
Judges and not winning: one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded the 
pOROGIST for 1893 bound ir cloth and 
gilt. 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as man) credits as the number of 
Judges and not winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subserip- 
tion to the OoLoGiIsT. 

All Mss. prizes'are seut by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which 
is shipped at winner’s expense. 


2Po-S- 


You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
jater than June ist. Write on back of 
a postal card the five articles which you 
have decided to be the most valuable, 
instructive and interesting in this num- 
ber of O6LOGIsST and mail to us. Num- 
ber the articles in the order whieh you 
think the prizes should be awarded. 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s ‘Birds of 
Kastern North America’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
aud 264 pages, strongly bound in heavy 
manilla coversand at publisher's. origi- 
inal price are worth aé least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book ‘Small 
Talk about Business.” 

dd A combination ..icroscope. 

4th An agate watch charm. 

oth A Pocket Knfe. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
winning articles in theirexact orderand 
not winning one of the five special 
prizes we will givea copy of the ‘“‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue of North America Birds 
Kegs.” ; 

To each Judge naming the _ prize- 
winning articles but not in their exact 
order and not winniug one of the five. 
special prizes we will give a copy of 
that elegant new Columbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 25 cts.). 

All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail 
prepald. 

Address your decision to 

Frank H. Lattin, 
Albion, N. Y. 


RIRPRIRD 


= 
NOCETET TTT ity 


Monthly. 


VOL. X. 


SSRSMASUSR GSS 00000 GRCeR RO oReRGaeeerenmnoRnoeenoESaEe ns aage aanunee (Daboonssemepoeeee 


merronen Caregen’ 


ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1893. 


oat 
RaRgedsdngeeses 


rd 
os 2 

oa 

3 5 = o* 
NZ S ae? 
I g C matey 

C) “Ge 

d - | %, 

A 


% 
% 
‘ 


50c. per Year. 


NO. 6 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50¢ per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 5uc. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
‘PD KALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for «* Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—One 42 inch 
bicycle, in good condition. Will sell for $10.00 
cash or best offer. Cost #40. FRED W. PARK- 
HURST, Bath, N. Y. 


SEND 100 Columbian Stamps and 2c. unused 
and receive set of Eggs with data. Stamps, 
Curios, Eggs, Tackle and Printing Press for 
Minerals, Relics and stamps. A, k. HUTCH- 
INSON, Gaines, N. Y. 


ATTENTION.—A receipt for the best arseni- 
cal soap for canceled Columbian and U. S. 
Stamps. Write what you have. Wien) 
LOMCKS. Peoria, Ill. bd : 


WANTED.—Orders for Mounted Birds and 
all collectors and others to send for quotations 
on any specimen Skin or mounted to order, 
orders filled at short notice. Price list for stamp. 
Ee ar A. FERO, 116 Ontario St., Cohoes, N. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Skins of Ivory-billed 
Woodpecker for Eggs in sets or cash. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


BIRDS EGGS in sets and singles for sets. 
Would like to exchange books, papers, eggs 
and possibly cash for . oues Key. F. A. GRI- 
GORY, 1214 N. Court St.,. Rockford. Tl. 


MRS. A. MEARES, John’s Pass, Fia. will 
send postpaid 5 lbs well assorted shells, $2, 2lbs. 
$1, Sawfish saws and lots of curiosities for sale 
or exchange for dry goods, 


FOR EXCHANGE eggs in sets with full 
data for Star tobacco tin tags. Want 2000 or 
3000. HENRY DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


WANTED.—A copy of Ridgeway’s Manual, 
write stating condition and terms, will give 
good exchange in either sets or singles. Semi- 
palmated Plover, or others equally rare. Spec- 
iene to exchange. W.S GRAHAM, Beecher, 

lis. 


EX. NOTICE. Look! Look!! I will exchange 
first-class birds skins and mounted birds for 
stamps, birds eggs or printing material. F. 'T. 
CORLESS. Los Gatos, Calif. : 


TO EXCHANGE.—1 Maynard rifle, 95 cal., 
good condition; 350 arrowheads and other In- 
dian relics for books. papers, shot gun, camera, 
cash, etc. BERT GILLETTE, 873 S. Ashland 
Ave., Chicago, [11 


FINE SETS of Eggs and Skins given in ex- 
change for star tobacco tin tags. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


BUZZARD, Hawk, Owl, Carrion Crow and 
Flycatchers complete sets for ex. for same. 
BOB MORE, Box 236, Decatur, Texas. 


COINS WANTED.—U. S. and foreign, silver 
and copper, old U. S, cents especially. Have 
to exchange first-class sets and a few coins. D. 
B. ROGERS, Ellis, Ellis Co., Kans. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fragments of Indian pot- 
tery from the banks of the Mississippi. for In- 
dian relics from other localities, arrowheads. 
prefered. Four large pieces of Pottery given 
for each perfect Arrowhead. All answered. 
HAROLD SANDERS, Davenport, Iowa. 


I HAVE a large collection of Hawks and 
Owls eggs in sets, for sale or exchange. Write 
for particulars. W.B. PORTER. Berwyn, Ils. 


WANTED.—Sets of Steganopodes, Anseres, 
Herodiones. Paludicolae, Cracyges and iacroch- 
irea. Send lists, naming articles desired. Have 
North American and Foreign skins and sts. 
N. HOLLISTER, Delavan. Wis. 


WANTED.—Bird’s eggs, mounted birds, 
stamps, shells, minerals. books, fire arms. type 
writer, printing type, printing press and scroll 
saw. Will give in exchange fine birds skins 
and mounted birds, send lists. PF. T. CORLESS, 
Los Gatos, Calif. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—A pair of strapped 
climbers, 107 Copies of 43 different publications: 
on -O. and O., Vol.7, 8 and 9 of Auk, 12 No’s 
Cosmopolitan magazine for 1892, a 38 cal. Colt, 
powder and ball revolver, skin of Gt. Horned 
Owl, skulls of Fox, skunk and ermine; a young 
Natilus in aleohol for first class eggs in sets. 
a C. CAMPBELL, Lansingburgh, Rens, Co., 

Bayes 


162 


TO EXCHANGE for best offer. Several 
Yaggy Anatomical Studies (Charts and mani- 
kins) practical for doctors, teachers and stud- 


ent. Musical instruments especially wanted 
inexchange. W.G. CAREY, Box 268,Rochelle, 
Illinois. 


WANTED.—Star tobacco tin tags in lots of 
10, 20, 30, 40 or 50. Will give in exchange eggs 
in sets taking tags at 3c.each. HENRY DAVIS, 
North Granville, N. Y. 


$50. (0 worth of first class sets and singles to 
exchange for Stamps, Revolvers, musical in- 
struments, etc. Send particulars, value. etce., 
aa receive list. C. TURTON, Los Angeles, 
al. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—The following Books: 
(new) Scott’s Poetical works, Life of James G. 
Blaine and John A. Logan, Ivanhoe, David 
Copperfield, Just In Time, John Halifax Gen- 
tleman and Life of Jay Gould. for Books on 
Ornithology and Oology or sets with data that 
ITeanuse. ARTHUR, W. BROCKWAY, Hada- 
lyme, Conn. 


WANTED.—Orders for Mounted Birds and 
all collectors and others to send for quotations 
on any specimen Skin or Mounted to order. 
orders filled at short notice. Price list for 
stamp. EDGAR A. FERO, 116 Ontario St., 
Cohoes, N. Y. 


WILL accept as many Star tobacco tin tags 
between now-and Sept. 15th as you can send 
me giving you in exchange some rare bargains 
in eggs in sets with full data for same. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—I will collect fine Cal. 
sets with nests if desired. Collected by myself 
and positively identified. Thurber’s Junco, 
Louisiana Tanager, Swainson’s Hawk, Costas, 
Black-chinned, Anna’s Hummers, Least Vireo, 
Cal.“Screech Owl and many others. Desirable 
sets wanted. 
Cal. 


CIGARS.—Want you to try my celebrated 
cigars. Send Stamp for price list of samples. 
Address. G. W. WALTON, Postmaster, Fal- 
mouth, Pa, : A3t. 


A3t 


WILL every person in California, interested 
in forming an Ornithological and Ooloygical 
society, Send his address with suggestions to 
EDWARD WALL, San Bernardino, Cal. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets for same. 
Some rare eggs offered aud some common eggs 
wanted. Send your list and receive mine. 
JOHN A. DONALD, Decatur, Texas. 


TO EXCHANGE —First-class sets with data 
(A. O: W.) 358) 373) 412) 477-511, 593, GL1,-622, 703) 
70d, 765, 616, H. S. Also singles for sets with 
data. R. P. GILLESPIE. Columbus. Miss. 


PARTIES making a collection of bird skins, 
should send for our latest list. We carry in 
Stock now several hundred species, iacluding 
some foreign. Special discount for next thirty 
days. F. H. LAYTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


BROWN CREEPER, Red-bellied Nuthatch, 
Black-poll Warbler nicely stuffed for 56c. each, 
postpaid or the three tor $150. Have you heard 
about, or seen Oue of these insertion barrels? 
It is an invention which allows you to shvot a 
32 or 88 Cal. C. KF. shellin your 12 or 16 gauge 
shot gun. Kiverybody should send for my cat- 
alogue and circulars telling you about this won- 
dertul invention. JAMS P. BABBIT'!, Taun- 
ton, Mass. 


RALPH ARNOLD, Pasadena, ~ 


THE OOLOGIST. 


EXCHANGE.—Collectors wishing to ex- 
change eggs in sets with data this season send 
list and receive mine. Correspondence solicit- 
ed. J. W. SHAFFER, Box 407, Clarion, Iowa. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Curious cones from the 
Black Pine of the “Itaska”” Park region, 5 for 
10 cts worth of other curio. GEO. N. BATE- 
MAN, Park Rapids, Minn. 


EGGS of Caspian Tern, and Am. Herring 
Gull to exchange for eggs or curios. not iu my 
collection. ED. VAN WINKLH, Vans Harbor, 
Mich. 


EXCHANGE.—Sets and singles of 


Texan 


birds to exchange for eggs not in my collection . 


Address, GEO. DOW#LL, Austin, Texas, Care 
of John Dowell. 


WANTED,—A few choice bird skins, from 


._Farralone Islands, and Pacific Coast region. 


Send lists with prices, or what you desire in 
exchange. F.H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Sets of Nashville Black and 
White, and Lucy Warblers, with nests, will 
pay cash. Address, WILL BURNETT, Box 9, 
Fort Collins, Colo. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Sets and singles for sets 
of (A. O. U.) 27. 28, 80, 64, 63, 184, 193, 194, 2&0, 
343, 365, 615, 718 and many others. FRANK 
WILLARD- 510 N. Cherry St., Galesburg, Il. 


OOLOGISTS WANTEHLD.—We want copies of 
July-Aug., 1886; Jan.-Feb , 1887 or Dec.,1886 with 
Jan.-Feb., 1487 attached, June, 1888 and April, 
18*9, OOLOGISTS. Wealso want copies of Lat- 
tin’s 1885, **Oologist?’s Hand-Book.” For each 
copy of the above five publications or for any 
two copies of the OoLOGISr for March 7°92, May 
’92 or April ’93 you will send us before July 1st 
we Will give a copy of the ‘‘New Standard Cat- 
alogue’”” or a White Metal Blowpipe or {an 
Embryo Hook ora Tape Measure Pencil or a 
copy of ‘lnsect Collecting” or 25 Cents worth of 
18v0, 1891%r 1892 OOLOGIsTS. F.H. LATTIN & 
Co., Albion, N. Y. 


OH, LOOK.—I have the following first-class 
sels with complete data, etc., for sale. By the 
“New Standard Catalogue” these sets amount 
to $150.0, but I will dispose of them at less 
than. one-tbird their value. Wil also include 
copies of “Davies Nest and Eggs,” *Bird-nest- 
lug in Northwestern Canada,” one volume of 
the “OOLOGISt”’ and a set of instruments in 
Russia. leather case (have never been used). 
Murre, California Murre, Western Gull, Laugh- 
ing Gull, Am. Herring Gull, Franklin’s Gull, 
Kittiwake Gull, Sooiy ‘ern, Noddy Tern, 
Royal Vern. Bridled ern, Least Vern, Wan- 
dering Albatross, Yeliow-billed Tropic Bird, 
Cormorant, Fiorida Gallinule. Red Phalarope, 
Wilson’s Phalarope. Cooper’s Hawk, Broad- 
wing Hawk, Black Vulture, Turkey Vulure, 
Golden Kagle, Am. Osprey, Texan NightHawk, 
Texan Screech Owl Screech Owl, Florida 
Burrowing Owl, Golden-fronted Woodpecker, 
Ked-cockaded Woodpecker, RKed-breasted Sap- 
sucker, Paraque, Buff-bellied Hummingbird, 
Costas, Annas, Black-chinned, Ruby-throat, 
Little Flycatcher, Mexican Crested Flycatcher, 
Scissor-tuiled Flycatcher. White-necked Raven, 
Northwest Crow, Florida Crow, Bronzed 
Grackle, Boat-tailed Grackle, Great-tailed 
Grackle, Florida Grackle. Louisana Tanager, 
Hepatic Tanager, Bells Vireo. Red-eyed Vireo, 
Blue-wing Warbler, Prothonatory Warbler, Be- 
wick’s Wren, Long-tailed Chat, Carolina Chick- 
adee, Am. Rubin, Hnglish Sparrow. 1 will sell 
the above at an astonishing low price. Write 
for particulars to H. W. ISAACS, Prospect 
House, Niagara Falls, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 163 


1 HAVE a collection 650 eggs to sell for $25, 
worth $60, or will exchange for Other eggs. 
Send lists and receive mine All answered. 
PAUL McGINTY, No. 120 Lumpkin St., 
Athens, Ga. 


WANTED.—Articles on Oology and Orrithol- 
ogy for the Western Reserve Naturalist. Have 
-some fine Ist class sets to exchange for same. 
Address F. C. HUBBARD, L. B. 164. Geneva, O. 


WANTED.—Star tobacco tin tags in lots of 
from 10) to 5000. Eor every 100 star tags sent 
me between now and Sept. 15th I wlll give any 
one of the following sets with full data: 4nna’s 
Hummer n-2, Costas’ Hummer n-2. Black- 
chinned Hummer n-2 or will accept tags allow- 
ing you 8c. each in exchange for eggs. For 
1000 Tags a fine skin of Ivory-billed Wood- 
pecker put up in first-class condition. For 
.2 00 tags one iine gold filled watch case guaran- 
teed to wear 15 years with Am. Waltham or 
Elgin movement, value $25. For £000 your 
own selection of sets to the amount of $90 from 
a large list of rare eggs. For 5000 any of the 
following: One gold watch cash. value 50. 
One Remington double barrel breech loading 
shot gun with full set reloading tools and 200 
loaded shells . cash value $50.- Sets your own 
selection from such sets as Hawks, Owls. Gulls, 
Ducks. ete., etce.. or accepting tags at rate as 
stated before. You can forward me tags in 
small or large lots. Mxutch box is a good thing 
to send themin. Any other information cheer- 
fully furnished. HENRY .DAVIS, North 
Grnville, Wash. Co., N. Y. 


FOR EXOCOHANGE.—Pied-billed Grebe 1-6, 
Cass ns Auklet 1-1. Westeru Gull 1-2, Laughing 
Gull 1-8. Sooty Tern 1-1. Bridled Tern 1-1, Black 
Tern 1-2, 1-3, Noddy Tern 1-1, Leaches’ Petrel 
1-1, Brandt’s Cormoraut 1-4, Am. Bittern 1-1, 
Least Bittern 1-4 1-5 1-6, Limpkin 1-6, King 
Rail 1-8, Virginia Rail 1-8 1-10, Sora Rail, 1-6 
1-9 1-10. Fla. Gallinule 1-7 1-8 1-10, Am. Coot 
1-6 1-8 1-10, Bartramian Sandpiper 1-4, Spotted 
Sandpiper 1-4, Kildeer 1-4, bob White 1-8 1-10, 
Turkey Buzzard 1-2, Black Vulture’ 1-2. Red- 
tailed Hawk 1-2 1-3, Red-shouldered Hawk 1-2 
14, Am. Sparrow Hawk 1-4, Screech Owl 1-4 
1-6, Texan Screech Owl 1-?, Anna’s Humming- 
bird 1-2 u-2, Black Phoebe 1-4, Bobolink 1-4 1-5, 
Yellow-he:ded Blackbird 1-4 1-5 1-6, Meadow 
Lark 1-4 1-5 1-6, Long-billed Marsh Wren 1-4 1-5 
1-6, Murre 1-1, Califoynia Murre 1-1, Yellow- 
billed Magpie 1-5, Bank Swallow 1-5, Cliff Swal- 
low 1-4 1-5 1-6. Am. Crow 1-1, Florida Crow 1-5, 
Yelrow-billed Cuckoo 1-4, Black-billed 1-4. Who 
wants them. Ifit is you Send your list and 
make an offer. None but strictly first-class sets 
given or accepted. Correspondence with reliable 
collectors desired. CHARLES M. ELDREDGH, 
314 Chamber of Commerce, Chicago. 


THE FOLLOWING is the list.of species we 
now have offered tor the World’s Fair exhibit: 
oA, OD, O00, 9. LO, 11, 12.18; 1a, Vo. 27, 295 32, 33, 
80, 80a, 37, 38, 40,42, 43, 47. 49, 51 Sla, 53. 54, 56, 58, 
5Y, 63. 64, 6d. 67, bY, 70, 71, 72, 74,75, 16, 77, 79, 80, 
83. 86, 90, 92, 104. 106, 108, Liz, 115, 117, 119, 120, 
120¢, 122, lesb, 125, 126, 148, 136. Lhd, 140, 141, 144, 
147, 159, 178, 182, 184. 188, 190, 191, 192, 194. 195, 196, 
199, 200; 2U1, 302; 208, 206, 207, 208, 12, 41°, 216, 
219, 221, 224%, 223. 224, 426, 228, 229, 243, 25Y, 253, 
258, 261, 263, 264. 267, 271, 273,275, 278. 2380, 281, 
285, 289, 28a, 28Ib. 292, 293a, 29:. w9da, 274, 300, 
800e, 801, 802, 805, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315, 316, 318, 
319, 3820, 32Va, 52d, 326, 329, 331, 332, 333, 335, 337, 
337a, 337b, 339, 339a. 340, 342, 343, 348, 349, 351. 
352, 355, 3d9, 360, 362, 354, 365, 366, 407, 368, 368a, 
872, 373, 873a, 3873b, 373C, 873d, 375, 875a, 378, 378a, 
379, 381, 384, 3Xd, 357, 38%, 389U, 343, 394, 396, 397, 
399, 407, 404 406, 408, 409, 410, 412. 413, 416. 417, 418, 
419, 420, 40a, 42Uc, 421, 423, #28, 429, 430. 431, 436° 


430, 443, 444, 447, 448, 452, 453, 454, 456, 457, 458, 
461, 462, 463, 464, 485, 466, 466a, 467, 473, 474b, 474c, 
475, 476, 477, 477a, 478, 478a, 480, 481, 482, 483, 484, 
485, 487, 488, 458a, 490, 498, 494, 495, 495a 446, 497, 
498, 499, 500, 501, SOLD, 503, 505, 505a, 508, 507, 508, 
509, 510, 511, Slla, 511b, 512, 518, 519, 519b, 529, 530, 
530a, 531, 533, 534, 536, 533. 539, 540, 540a, 542a, 546, 
549, 552. 52a, 5D4b, 554, 560, 560a, 563, 563a, 547, 
567a, 567¢, 573, 574, 581, S8lc, 581d, 58le, 584, 586, 
5$7, 587a, 588a, 588b, 591b, 5938, 593c, 594, 595, 5Y6, 
597, 598, 599, 601, 602, 604, 605, 607, 608. 610, 611, 
612, 613, 614, 616, 617, BLY, 620, 621, 622, 62a. 62zZb, 
624, 627, 628, 629c, HSL, 632, 633, 638, 689, 641,642,645, 
646a, 652, 65”, 659, 662, 663. 667, 671, 673, 674, 676, 
677, 679, 681, 681a. 683, 683a, 684, 687, 698, 700, 701, 
702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 707, 710, Til, 713, 715, 718, 
W18b, 719, 719b, 721. W2la, W2%a, 724, 725, 726, 727, 
27a, 728, 729, 730,731, 732, 733, 735. 736, 742a, 743, 
43a. 746, 71, 75la, 754, 755, 756, 758, 758a, 759a, 
759b 761, Téla. 764, 765, 766, 767, 768. We also 
have « fine assortment of foreign eggs. Any 
parties having clutches not on above list, that 
they desire exhibited, weshall endeavor to 
make room for them, if they advise us during 
June. We shall probably not be able to ex- 
hibit any new sets after July Ist. Address as 
early as possible, F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion. 


Blaine’s Handy Manual of Useful Information 

There has just been published in Chicago a 
most valuable book with the above title, com- 
piled by Prof. Wm. H. Blaine, of Lancaster 
University. Its 500 pages are full of just what 
its name implies—useful information—and we 
fully advise all our readers to send for a copy 
of it. It is a compendium of things worth 
knowing, things difficult to remember, and 
tables of reference of great value to everybody, 
that it has never before been our good fortune 
to possess in such Compact Shape. Our wonder 
is how it can be published at so low a price as 
is asked for it. It is handsomely bound in 
flexible Cloth covers, and will be sent to any 
address, postpaid. on receipt of, 2% cents in 
postage stamps, by the publishers. 

G. W. OGILVIE & CO., 
276 & 279 Franklin St., 
Chicago, 111. 


A BARGAIN. 


Series, sets or singles of the Am. .Herring 
Gull with data for 1% cts. peregg. Series will 
be selected'so as to show the greatest varia- 
tion in size, coloration and marking. Parties 
desiring large series write first. 

ED. VAN WINKLE, 
Van’s Harbor, Mich. 


400 vartries or staps $4.00 


Duplicates can be returned. 


AN UNUSUAL OFFER 
W. BP. GRRANY, 


827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL. 
Catalogue for stamp. 


BIRDS BGGl ss 3 < 
CURIOS. ZAwy 


2A STAMP For | 
lustrated Catalog. 

‘CHAS.K.REED, . 
~“2b2MainSt. WORCESTER.MASS. 


164 THE OOLOGIST. 


Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa Specialty. : 


2 
Ge 
ae 


et 


A Handsome Assortment 
at the 


Lowest Rates! 


We are receiving daily consignments 
of BirdSkins, :nd.are prepared to furnish 
our readers with most auythiug ovtaiu- 
able. Before making up your orders 
send for our price list. We hav — just 
received a very fine lot of Dicks, large 
and small,Grebes, Hawks, Owls, Wood- 
peckers aud nearly all smaller birds. 
We will not be undersold by any re- 
liable dealers. 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., 
Albion, N. Y. 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- 
rectly named. at moderate price. HERMANN 
ROLUE, Esnde2uer st., 4+, Berlin, N. W. Ger- 
many. 


ONLY DIRECTORY on Earte 


=~ uaranteeing 90,000. For 
i = only 10 cents (regular price 
LY ks 25 cents.) your name, if re- 


ceived within next 30 
\ days, will be BOLDLY 
7 printed on gummed 
paper, and from Pub- 
i] lishers, Manufactur- 
i ers and others, you 
f\\| Will receive hundreds 

| probably thousands, 
of valuable Books, 
» Samples, Papers, Maga- 
zines, etc. AI free and 
each parcel with one of 
i your boldly printed ad- 

ess ereon. EXTRA! We will also 
print and prepay postage. on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, ete., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 
1891. DEAR SrRsS—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 38,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 
turers, etc. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of 
{nail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. 

THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY CO., 


Department No. 171. Philedelphia. Pa. 


CAN @4 PER 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside: everybody 
wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c. s3amp 
and we will mail you 4 Free Samples and full 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


ScapuHitres Nopusus, M. and H. 


Aporrhais biangulata...................2...----.--------- 15> 
Actaeon attenuata _...................-- Ae _.-L5y 
Anisomyon Yattelliformis.. 30 
BaculitesOvawish 0. ee Oe eee -10 to $1.00 
GallistagDe we yikes wes ee eee eee 15 to .25 


Dentalivim oracle sees ee eee alls) 
Haminea minor.........- 15 
Volsella Meeki........ ... GEE A Lat Ge 15: 
Veni ellasilot amnion) ee ee eee mal) 
TInoceramus Gonvexus........ ..--- _ 20 to .75 

Bo Crispil........- SelomcOrrds 
EDN AGL ALCON CTT Ae ee ea 15 


—ucina subundata 
Margarita Nebrasensis... 
Nucula cancellata..._.....-...... 
Scaphites nodusus .... 


PN 
__,10 to $2.00 


Martesia:Gilneatale sie 0s ene eeas 15 
PRUE S CLT POS OT ieee 15 
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus. 


RR GEIEEV Oy EPL: CHP ARUN ANB af aso 25 to .75 
Rock containing a variety of small fossils 25 to .50: 
Tregonucarpus nuts (iossil) size of Hickorv 

TUG SE ees BE RUS Oe Bekah AES aes .20 tO .25- 

Focsil leaves _..... 
Agates, rough 
se polished 


California Onvx. polished......... ............ 40 to $1.75 
Petoskey, Aigatesy es eee seneceee 25 to .T5 
MOSSE TIS sia eeu ake air sy RU Sha area 15 tO .75 
Ee GritileaiwiO Od tase 10 to .50 
JeNferNVARCOL SHVOXOYOL oe pe sssenies eascec0 10 to .50 
VEXOV ACLS) Ea Ua Leto te ye eA a era Looeocen 10 to .25 
LONE Va COMM NAV eee ete ee eee eee 10 to .25: 
Sponge lava, will float in water... ___. -15 to .50 
Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses 
CAN) CY) Bae EN eh SOE a ee 15 to .50 


Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per 


Das ees Bie tua ty temeteennore $1.50 to $2.00 
Buffalo horns. per pair woe es -- oO) CO) BU5O 
Rattles trom Rattlesnake ___..-.-..2...2....4. 10 to .25 
Corals from Bahamas, Florida and St: gapore 

aera ein Ons gianna Rin ON ND a oA On 25 CO $2.07 


Small mixed shells trom West Indes. per pint .50° 
Large Assortment of showy American and 
Hones n Shells eee aeeea 10 to $5.00 each: 


10 per cent discount on cash orders of 
$10.00 or more. 


Send for price lists. 
Homer Squyer, 


Mingusville, - - Montana... 


THE OOLOGIS!. 


MIDSUMMER OFFER. 


We have a very large stock of the following curios, 


mext thirty days will sell at annexed prices. 


Tarantula, mounted in box.............. $ 3d 
Sceorpious in box te oO 
Trap- “door Spider Sy lah | OO eie cate ee 
nest Je oO 
BS + Tiwy Joxo prea ple eee ar 
Big Tree Bark. Choice specimens.. 10 
Pods ot Royal Ponciana, or Sabre 
bean ..... ‘ Season ceed Up) 


Cassia Beans. package _. TN hoped Wa Ne 

Black-eyed Susans, (Guinea peas or 

Licorice seeds) pickages..._.... 

SS TGR OE eerie SL CAD ees Se 
Devil Fish Hgegs . 

: Porcupine Fish, small. 

See barre ss 

Cow or Trunk Fish........ 

BING aC MIS TAA eas occas ec eset) MLO A OSs 

Hawk-bill Turtle, mounted, polish- 


COAG eee ee 
Tortoise Shells, polished (Green 
PASUINGGTG) Sesser one eanie ee hee oe Ak 5 00 
Mammoth Sponges,” to3 ft.in diam. 3 00 
SturmeomsPlates. 2 esi a Sa 0d 
FS STTrayes ee) PS eal yaa ape ee nara eee tree 
Siam iiee tin wi tents Sees 05 


Lucky Tooth from-Cod..................-.- 
Saw Bish Saws, “to 12 inches 


MMO TOOL TN i ence & 
20 ut ae eytt! ie DlEGbs sy ees 
Alliga' OL teeth; sZunch 2.5 2 
LT) ae) ng Aa eae ates 

BG 1% inch 

I “ 134 inch 

“* Ge 2 inches. 


Porporse Teeth . — ..._.... 
Sperm Whale Veech _... 
WYalriSMI SKS aor ee tee 
Horned UDO EWC KS Ieee ies eve eS Ie, 
‘ * jin box nicely mounted 
re “on orangewood plaque 
Gray Sea Bean 
Redesecar Beane is ts 
Yellow Sea Beam 9.2. 2.2.22.2..8 ae 
Brown-banded Sea Beans ........_... ... 


Liver Beans |_...._.. 3 05 
Mimosa Seeds, package - sate 
Long Red Sea Bean, eveb... -............ 
OhiMESeRAOLNIN WS: ey ee ea 
Beetle Nuts. 2... 
Coffee Beuns _.... 
Sea Beans in pod 
Ca-sia Beans in Pod 
Coral Bean pod . Wap rate 
Blac<-eyed Sus sans in ‘pod .. pyaar se! 
Old wWomansvioio we ees es ae 
STORET OILERS cemeteteyne et aati iy ag Ree re o5 
IESE CELOM i LANES eos Ne 10 
Bahama Sea Urchin, white or pur 

ID escaeee rino ke Ee eed Sven a8 15 
Skate Hggs 
Sea Horses. Atlantic 25 

bg Me dih etre) eee SSS 

Hermit Crab inshell.___ MALE ATO Tp SA) 
RSV CUULCUAC Itch Deecs en eee UE Ae NN WSO ANAT EG 10 
Bee Cases of Periwinkle _.-....2...2.2.. 15 


Alligators, small. 1Zineh 
5 imches 2: 

m PARC Cine 
vi SLECC AR ase ons ie Ee 
one extra large,11 ft. long 


ee 


Alligator Skulls .._.. 5 00 
Hammerheud or Leopard - “Shari 

SOMERS IE BV Er aN Oe Gs Sa bres Be ON) $ 10 
Wing or Horse- -toot Crabs Mean ae we ANG) 
Acorm Barnacles, Pacifie _. Boe OD 
CQOOSCHB ARMA Glei et rte A ae 05 
Club-spined Urehin, ‘Cidaris tribu- 


EMESIS Bahamas. 


« 


SHELLS. 

Mammoth Spider Shells.................. $ 50 $1 00 
Japanese Green Kars unpolished.... 10 25 
PO LOTAM LW VEELO LIAS ths key teteee Mele nas aes 1U 25 
Australian Whelks. large........ ee 15 35 
Murex (rernuigp imal een ae 15 (0) 
DIVINE OGG CLUS eens eee eee nn Ra O05 25 
Murex brandaris.. U5 25 
Japanese Eburnas 10 25 
Green Goldmouth..... EE PE Uae tie 10 25 
Green Silvermouth Sa etn ee 10 25 
Wate SeKew Sells) fos ese eee eesrty elO 20 
Indian W ampun neil 15 per doz 
Philippine Pelescope Shells (Pota- 

HAN SUAS Von cee ee OU hac. bets ha Ag 10 15 
Polished Fresh Water Clam ‘Shells, 

MAMyISDECIESN WAS, aes oe 50 00 
Cardinal Murex, rare......... a eee 1 00 00 
WE TITISE SNE US ya eee eee yeep rele ee % 
Voluta Junonias _........ 1 00 00 
Murex palma-rose =». 38/00 00 
Murex Cornituss 222) eee ROD 00 
JePoYery INA UNG NN IS Seven ee 50 00 
Chambered Nautilus, cut to show 

chambers and siphuncle......... (6) 00 
Tne NS ain eevee Suen bay i 35 50 
Mammoth Limpets (Lucapina cren- 

LUGO) eer ae SIE OR Re kel ed oD) 7D 
SPW See ee NLC a eee ee 05 15 
Mermaid Cradles (Chitons).____. 25 50 
Mammoth Guna Land Snails -...- 10 25 
Lamp Shells (Zvriton lanupis) ........... 125) 50 
ROS 2 Glia ays wisi ueue chun asec AM snr yy ga 50 00 
LSTA OI Eman Tey Le 15 25 
Pterocera Scorpio...) a 1 25 00 

CORALS. 
Manicina areolata, Rose Coral, Ba- 

ID UTA eA Se oy RN Te eal 05 35 

Merulina speciosa, Singapore .... .... 10 50 
Me ampliata, Samoa ............_.. 10 00 
Agaricea agaricites. Propeller Cor- 

iA TBSP Meh ME Sins a) ee 15 00 
Meandrina plivosa. Plate Coral Ba- 

Karasza LS alah hoe NSpe yeaa eel Conta ek ay itis 35 Dd 00 
Meandrina strigosa, Head Coral, ; 
; Ley aleeloae oye Maer A Sh Oey ae 50 3 00 

Meandrina cerebriformis, Brain 

Gora aWir bodies eee eae 7 1000 
Porites astraeoides, Pine Apple Cor- 

Gil BeWae ome ysis Uae Oe O 35 00 
Porites furcata, For king ‘Coral, Ba- 

hamas 15 1 00 
Orbicella annulaeis. Star Coral. Ba- 

TOWNES) Besse ee 50 3 00 
Violet Goral, Disti chi dpor a violacea$ 10 1 OU 
Rea Coral coccinea Od 1 00 
Yellow Coral a Hitida.... 05 v0 
Pink Coral, Stylaster sanguineus, 

SATIN © CU as IG ae Cot Ae AEN 05 00 
Millepora alcicornis, Hayti ............. 10 00 
ECHINGDERMS. 

Star Fish, Sea Urchins, Etc. 
Serpent Star Fish, Ophiomusium 

AIMS ON UN ea ee ee eta ee a ® 23D 00 
Brittle Star Wish, Ophiopholis acul- 

Bing Biss As Wien eae tc em pale NS 25. 50 
Basket Wish, “‘Wiedusa’s Head,’’ As- 

triphyton agassizit.....-- 2. 50 50 
Chinese Star Fish, Astropecten bi- 

SIDSLUIGRU Spe see ty oy naa pe AML ely 15 35 


Bei. TATRIN: '& Cox; 


165 


shells, ete., and during the 


ALBION, N. Y. 


166 | THE OOLOGIST. 


NEW BEAM or 
Sliding Caliper 


For Outside and Inside Measurements. 
FOR 


Naturalists, Oologists, Taxidermists. 
Minerologists, Drawing Schools. &e 


Graduated into Millimeters on one 
side, and 100ths in. on the other. 


PRICES. 
4 inch—Pocket Size, 1+inch $2.50 
i os ea 3.00 
8 ineh 2a NS 3.50 
10 inch Py aaa 4.00 
12 inch aye 5.00 


Sent by mail to any part of the U.S. 
on receipt of price. These calipers are 
made of the very best steel, nicely fin- 
ished and are without any question the 
finest instrument offered by any Dealer 
at the present time. For Oologists use, 
the 4 inch style isa much more value- 
able instrument than the $4 size that has 
heretofore been offered. 

From unsolicited testimonials we se- 
lect the one on next page as being con- 
elusive evidence of their great value. 
F.H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


REMOVAL or 
CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE 


After June 10, 1893, my Natural His- 
tory Establishment will be located at 
New London, Wis., where I shall 
be pleased to secure orders for goods 
and specimens in my line. I shall make 
a.specialty of the mail business. 

C.F. Carr, 
(Formerly Madison, Wis..NewLondon, Wis. 


A choice apecimen of anything on thie list will be sent post-paid for § CWS. or we will aefGs 
the entire collection, 45 specimens, packed in a neat wooden box post-paid FOR GVLF6S CTR - 
ee 

, Nol Resurrection Plant, Mex. 29 Alligator Tootk, Indian River, Fla. 
‘Martha's Vineyard 80 Crinoid Stem, Cumberland River, Tem. 


3 25 var. Foreign pa 31 Curio Sponge, Bal 

4 Sun Shell, Nossao, Bahamas 82 Petrified Wood, Sonoms Co., Cale. 

5 Starfish, cage con: 33 “'Electrio” Stone, Jeff. Co., N. Y. 

6 Bark from Cork-Tres, Spain 34 Sand Shark Egg, Atlantic 

7 “Big Tree" Bark, iposa, Cpl 35 Floxible Coral (Mckites), Tonge laleo 
8 Sand Dollar, Cagco Bay, May 36 Lim; 

9 Chinese Coin $7 Bloodytooth Shol!, Nasa» 

10 Tusk Bhell, W. I 38 Fossil Shark Tuoth, 8. OC. 

11 Orgenpipe Coral, Siagapeme. $9 Operculum or Shell Door, 

12 Cyprea ieee Singapore: 40 Native Lodestone, Magnot Cove, Ark. 
13 Cyproa heloola, Ambo 41 Olive Shell, 

14 Oypres Arabries, E. E 42 6 Guinea Peas, 


15 Red Sea Bean, Bahamas 


16 Cy Oa a 44 2 Egg jes of Periwinkle, 

17 Brown-banded Sea Bean, Pahamap 45 Pisce of Cloth, made by the N@ 
18 Screw Shell, Sone tives of Samoan 

19 Branch Coral PUT UF aD ain sr 

20 Arrowhead, Oran Co., Indiana ae 

Ht FRANK H. LATTIN, 

22 Rose Coral, Publisher of “THE OOLOGIST,®* 


ahaa 
23 Quartz Crystal, Hot Springs, Ark. Wholceals and Retail Dealer im 
24 Sea Urchin, Atlantio 


25 Shaving from a Moteer, Coabuils, N. Ml. reeiniss taa aman ere 02) 
Albion, We VY. 
28 Indian Pottery, Orleans Co., N. Y. GP oxy 2c craur ros Cakpunra 


This is truly one of the most ‘'Marvelows™ collections over put up It ia Meee] 
adapted to Kindergarten Work, and while proving inyaluable to * ; 
older ones will appreciate its merits. The specimens at retail prices amount to over Sarat 00, 
Wo will send the entire Collection by return mail, each specimon vee + ONLY 65 CTs, 

‘and wrapped separately, safe deliecry and satisfaction guarantesd, : 
Address plainly, FRANK  LATTIN, arrow, Phe 4 


New Standard Catalogue 


OF 
North /\merican Birds Feggs: 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendire, J.. 
Parker Norris, Hsq., and 
Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U, Nomenclature. It also gives tre A. O. 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and. 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the- 
value of eggs of nearly every species, over one: 
hundred of which never appeared on any print 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one: 
Dealer or Collector. as there is not a Collector’ 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given, and 
there is nota Dealer who could furnish over 
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of: 
paper and contains 53 pages, size 317x5'% hn. 


Price 3% cents per copy. 38 copies for $1.00. 
F.H.LATTIN & CQ., Albion,N. Y-~ 


6 


THE OOLOGIST. 167° 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoatsr will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from RB. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and occupies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. 
UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 


S. P. LANGLEY, Secretary 
G. BROWN GOODE, Assistant Sec’ y; 
in charge of U. S. National Museum. 


Washingt an, Api Q Zi, GS 


ipnavesused Me. Lattin’ s sliding Calipers 
for several months now and consider them su- 
Pastor vo diy IistrauMent Of nis kind T have 
seen. It is readily manipulated, safer in 
every way and more work can be done with it 
with greater accuracy than with other contri- 
vances of this kind. I have used several 
others and prefer this to all. Every Oolo- 


gist should use it, 
CHAS. E. BENDIRE, 


Hon. Curator Oological Dept. 


168 


——THE— 


Best Oologist Outfit 


for the money ever offered. 


One 25c. nickeled blowpipe, one 2dc. 
mickeled and engraved embryo hook, 
one 20c. egg drill, all ina neat wood 
turned box by return mail, prepaid tor 


ONLY 35 CENTS. 


When ordering this Outfit, if you will 
inclose 15 cts. extra, 50c. in all, I will 
send you a fine, first-class set of one egg 
with data of the Noddy (list price 75c. ) 
By accepting this offer you obtain 7éc. 
worth of first-class instruments, and a 
wery desirable 75c. egg 


ALL FOR ONLY 60 CENTS. 


I will send you a dozen outfits and a 
dozen eggs prepaid for $5.00. 
Order at once as this offer may be 
withdrawn next month. 
Ia, Seay. GEG abe eA (Senn 


ALBION, N. Y. 


Taxidermy and Zoological Collecting. 


A Complete Hand-Book of 862 pages 
for the amateur Taxidermist, Collector, 
Osteologist, Museum Builder, 
man and Traveler. 


Illustrated with Twenty-four Plates and 
Highty-five Text Pictures. 


BY 
WM. T. HORNADAY, 
[For 8 Years Chief Taxidermist of the 
U.S. National Museum. ] 


It not only covers all the ground as a 
‘text-book for the beginner but any ‘Pax- 
idermist will be repaid by a perusal of 
its pages, and once read, it will lie on 
the work bench, as a companion to the 
scissors and skinning knife for itis as 
indispensable to one.who desires to be 
a WORKMAN, as the frame work of the 
specimen itself. 


Price $2.50. 
F. H. LATTIN & Co., 
ALBION, N. Y. 


Sports- | 


THE OOLOGIST. 


have enjoyed a high reputation. 
liant and musical; tone of rare synipa- 
thetic quality; beautiful for vocal ac- 
companiment. Durably constructed of 
finest material by most skillful work- 
men. Exceptional in retaining original 
richness and fullness of tone. Require 
tuning less often than any other piano. 


Bril- 


PRICES MODERATE. 
TERMS EASY. 


SEND FOR CATALOGUE. 


Emerson Piano Co., 
174 Tremont Street, 

BOSTON, MASS. 

92 Fifth Avenue, New York, 


ee 
218 Wabash Ave., Chicago 


Stores 


Have you paid yous sulb- 


scription. to the QOologist P) 
for isae ) 


If not, you doubtless received the cir- 
cular letter recently mailed you. 


At the bottom of the letter we made 


SPECIAL OFFERS 


which were good for fifteen days from 
date. 

If you have not replied to same, kind- 
ly look.it ap aud see if it will not be to 
your interest to accept one of the special 
induce nents. Trusting you will see fit 
to give the matter eminediate atten ton, 

Ever Faithfully Yours, 
EF. H. LATTIN & CO;> 


3 Can coin big money. Bran new 
Mm plan. Great craze. Just out. 
q “Goolside line.’ Bicoastohance 
1 ever offered agents. salary or com- 

mission. Be quicis. x900s On 
credit. Samples, ete., Free. MUL- 
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust,Phila..Pa. 


_ Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


% 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1893. 


NO. 6 


Taking the Eggs of the Peregrine Falcon. 


Although the Duck Hawk visits an- 
nually almost all parts of the United 
States, still native sets of its eggs are 
by no means frequently secured and 
hence are often wanting even among 
large collections. Some collectors con- 
tent themselves with imported sets, 
which are more easily obtained than 
those collected within the United States 
and the eggs ‘exhibited in our public 
museums, ete., are usually of this type. 
Nevertheless, sets of Duck Hawk’s eggs 
are occasionally found within our own 
boundaries—as is demonstrated by the 
fact that two beautiful sets have been 
secured this year by the writer and 
some friends. This bird builds its nest 
in places that are almost inaccessible 
aud the taking of the eggs is usually at- 
tended by all the difficulties and dan- 
gers consequent upon cliff-climbing. 
To render obvious some of these difli- 
culties, we will give a brief account of 
the taking of the first set secured this 
year. 

The Duck Hawk (Falco peregrinus), 
otherwise known as the ‘“‘Great Footed 
Hawk,”’ is itself a most interesting bird. 
Almost all ornithological writers have 
dwelt with admiration upon its won- 
derful power, its rapid flight, and its 
great boldness and courage. It is, 
moreover, a beautiful bird, blending in 
ts plumage bluish-slate and ash gray 
colors with darker tints, and showing 
in front a white neck mottled with dark 
longitudinal lines and a whitish breast 
and beliy marked throughout with 
dark brown transverse bars. The 
plumage of the two sexes is very simi- 
lar but the female is smaller than the 
male. ‘The Duck Hawk is nowhere a 
common species. Itresides throughout 
the year in the Northeast and is more 


frequently observed in the neighbor- 
hood of the sea coast than in the inter- 
ior. Itisaterrcr to water-fowl which 
constitute a large portion of its prey, 
but they are by no means its only food. 
The swoop of this falcon, when rushing 
upon its quarry is remarkable both for 
rapidity and force. with almost in- 
conceivable velocity it pursues its prey 
through allits turnings and windings, 
and when within a few feet of its in- 
tended victim protrudes its legs and 
talons to their full extent, almost closes 
its wings fora moment, and the next 
instant grasps the prize and _ bears it 
away. Sometimes the prey soars into 
the air, and seeks safety by trying to 
keep above the falcon, until both are 
lost to ordinary sight, but the falcon 
soon gets uppermost and strikes its 
victim at last. The strength of this 
faleon is shown by the ease with which 
it can earry through the aira bird of 
fully its own weight. The cry of the 
Duck Hawk is similar to that of the 
Sparrow Hawk only much louder and 
more intense. The breeding season is 
very early. Its nest—which is built on 
ledges of high rocks, either along the 
seacoast or on inland precipices and 
ravines—is begun about the first of 
April, and is constructed largely of 
twigs, with some grasses and some- 
times seaweed. ‘The eggs, which are 
from two to four in number are almost 
spherical in form, and in color are red- 
dish-brown covered with numerous 
minute spots and blotehes of darker 
shade. 

Mt. Tom, in Hampshire County, 
Mass. has doubtless been the birth- 
place of many broods of young Duck 
Hawks. Indeed, it is the opinion, of 
the writer that this species of falcon has 
nested on this grand old mountain each 


year for many decades. This opinion 


170 THE 
‘is founded upon personal observation 
cand the knowledge of sets which have 
been taken from the shelves which now 
-exist and have existed on is almost 
(perpendicular sides. In past years the 
writer has never failed to locate a nest 
when exploring this mountain during 
the breeding season, and others, in 
still earlier years, have demonstrated 
the preference of the Duck Hawk for 
an eyrie in this mountain. On April 
19th 1868, one Mr. Bennett of South 
Hadley, Mass., secured a set of four 
eggs from this mountain and killed the 
female bird. R. B. Hilderth, Esq., of 
Springfield Mass., found a nest of 
yound Duck Hawks on Mt. Tom, May 
-30, 1862, and tells us that the falcons 
were then almest full-fledged. From 
these two dates we see that the eggs 
are not only laid early in the year but 
that the embryo develops rapidly and 
is soon hatched. In 1875, Mr. F. W. 
Carrier, now of Holyoke, Mass., se- 
cured a set of three eggs from a cliff on 
Mt. Tom and sold them to a collector 
for a handsome sum. Mr. Carrier is an 
expert cliff-climber—having acquired 
dexterity in this direction in his for- 
mer occupation of bridge-building. He 
(together with Mr. Harry Smith, of 
Smith’s Ferry, Mass., and the writer) 
has probably taken as many native 
sets of Duck Hawk’s eggs as any one 
man in America. The nest of the Duck 
Hawk is not easily located by one, un- 
accustomed to the work. Missiles may 
be hurled from the summit of a cliff 
and may even strike the rocks in close 
proximity to the ledge which shelters 
the nesting bird and she may not leave 
‘the eggs until some approaching weap- 
on warns her of imminent danger. 
Her courage is almost. invincible. 
When driveu from the eyrie both birds 
may quickly rise in the air and pass 
‘Yapidly beyond the limit of human 
vision and then with almost incredible 
velocity swoop down in close proximity 
‘to the invading party. Under such 


OOLOGIST. 


circumstances, if a shot-gun is at hand 
and such action be deemed advisable, a 
good marksman may secure an inter- 
esting specimen. 

Of the two sets of eggs taken this 
year by our party, the best (which con- 
sisted of four, the other being a set of 
three) was taken on the morning of 
April 28d from a ledge on the Western 
side of Mt. Tom, about one-third the 
distance from the southern extremity 
of the mountain to where the Connecti- 
cut River.cuts its way through the 
range at the foot of Mt. Nonnatuck. 
At this point the side of the mountain 
extends almost perpendicularly down- 
ward for about 3800 feet and then makes 
amore sloping descentto the plain be- 
low. Only those whose heads are clear 
and limbs steady may venture to stand 
with safety on the edge of this cliff and 
gaze upon the rocks at the foot of the 
mountain, o hers must erawl on hands 
and knees to the verge of the precipice 
and view with awe the depths below. 
I cannot pass without making mention 
of the beauty of the landscapes as view- 
ed from the summit of this cliff. Stretch- 
ed out before the observer is a patch- 
work of meadows, groves, villages and 
heavy timber land; all interwoven with 
silvery streams, conspicuous among 
which are the Connecticut River to the 
north, and the Manhan River just be- 
neath the eastern face of the mountain. 
Towns and villages are spread out as in 
panorama before the admiring eye— 
Northampton, Easthampton, South- 
ampton, Westhampton, Leeds, Florence, 
Deerfield, Hatfield, Westfield. and 
others, all in plain view, while with a 
glass of moderate power the observer 
may if the weather be clear, catch a 
glimpse cf the Green Mountain range 
far away in Vermont, and then direct- 
ing it southward may descry duildings 
in the city ot Hartford, Connecticut. 
All this without changing one’s station, 
and even more extensive views may be 
gained from certain points on the moun- 


THE OOLOGIST. 171 


tain that command a view of both 
eastern and western slopes. But our 
limited space would fail us ere one half 
the beauties of this scene were told— 
yolumes might be written on the sub- 
ject and yet to appreciate its Joveliness 
one must seeit for himself. The writer 
has pitched his camp on higher moun- 
tains, and enjoyed the grandest of 
mountain passes, ravines and plateaus 
in the far West, but it is always with a 
feeling of special pleasure that he re- 
turns to this glorious natural obsery- 
atory. 

The nest from which the eggs were 
taken was satisfactorily located a few 
days previous on a shelf of this cliff 
about 90 feet from the summit, and an 
ineffectual attempt made to reach it by 
sealing the side of the mountain. We 
earried with us 250 feet of good rope 
aud some heavy ducking to place on 
the sharp ledge at the top ofthe cliff 
and thus protect the rope from its 
gnawing edge. The rope was snubbed 
around the base of a 24 inch birch sap- 
ling—the largest tree available at that 
point on the summit—and Mr. Carrier 
was thus lowered over the cliff. The 
day was very unfavorable for eliff- 
climbing. A breeze plays over the 
summit of Mt. Tom even onthe hottest 
summer days when not a leaf stirs in 
the valleys, but on the day in question 
this breeze was increased toa gale and 
during the time the eggs were being 
taken two fierce snow-squalls were en- 
countered. The ledge was, however, 
reached in due course of time, the eggs 
secured, and both man and eggs drawn 
tothe summit. The eggs, which are 
beauties, present no special deviation 
from the usual type of Duck Hawk’s 
eggs. They are vowin the Smithsonian 
Institution at Washington, D.C. 

J. Hosarr EGBert, M. D., Ph. D. 


Remarkable Flight of Geese, 


A flock of Canada Geese passed over 
here on April 20th which in numbers 


will doubtless rival the pigeon flights 
of several years ago. 

Large numbers of geese began flying 
over. in scattering flocks about eleven 
p. m. and by midnight there was a 
solid mass of geese more than a mile 
wide passing over the city. They were 
flying very low and made so much 
noise that all other sounds were com- 
pletly drowned. out by the steady roar 
of their wings. They continued to fly 
until nearly seven in the morning and 
so thick was this curtain of flying geese 
that the approach of day-was unheeded 
and the early street cars were forced to 
earry headlights on account of the 
darkness Immence numbers of the 
birds were killed and the amount of 
feathers found in some places was 
sufficient to make new feather beds. 

This is the greatest flight of geese 
ever known in this reigon and what 
should have caused it is a.problem now 
agitating a large portion of our citizens. 

O. E. CROOKER. 
Helena, Montana. 


A Trip for Loon’s Eggs. 


By ABOUT 42 vEGRERS NoRTH LATI- 
TUDE. 

I have collected eggs from many 
species of nests and in many sections of 
the country, but I doubt if there is a 
class of takes among them all, which 
equals the capture of a full set of Loon’s 
eggs. The surroundings have’ perhaps 
a good deal to do with the undertaking, 
together with the glorious spring 
weather. I donot pretend to give a 
just reason for this preference, but 
merely say that it is so. 

Twelve eggs, in six sets, are the most 
that I have taken in a Season, while some 
Springs I have been able to secure only 
one set, and this too, only after many 
severe disappointments and much un- 
eventful travel. This falling off, was 
not the fault of the birds, as they con- 


172 THE OOLOGISY. 


tinued to breed in the same situations, 
but was from the fact that I was too 
late in my rounds, and some other col- 
lectors had stolen a march on me. 

One year, I think it was 1884, May 
24th and 25th, I took four sets in the 
two days trip; walking fully forty-four 
miles and rowing and paddling ten or 
fifteen more. I have often slept out on 


these trips, though I have usually timed | 


myself so as to sleep at the house of a 
friendly farmer. 


One year 1885, two of us took the! 


rounds with a horse, and the result was 
six eggs. This was so pleasant a trip 
that I have thought of offering an ac- 
count of it to your readers—and will in 
my narration give you the general de- 
tails of our outing, as we may call if, 
for we do not get out very often, and, 
therefore, when we go collecting, we 
always take our fish poles, or rods, as 
they call them now days. 

Perhaps you will not feel like publish- 
ing this squib, Mr. Editor, after read- 
ing it, as itis too much like a fishing 
excursion to suit the make up of your 
critical magazine. However, if you 
will allow me to explain, I will say 
there are two reasons for this depar- 
ture. First—it will be plain to all that 
there is a good opportunity, as instane- 
ed in this trip, to combine the collect- 
ing fad, together with work for the 
note book, with a successful fishing out- 
ing, and good time generally. Second- 
ly there has been so much of a same- 
ness in the large majority of articles in 
your publication of late, that I am in- 
clined to offer a protest—and perhaps 
thereby stimulate your large concourse 
of writers to further strive toward that 
degree of excellence, which you are 
bound to achieve in the long run. 

We started at 4a. m., May 20th, with 
our old buggy loaded to the gunwale 
foreand aft. Tent, chuck, fixins, rods, 
blankets and all the rest of the duffle 
Which constitutes a proper short ecamp- 
ing trip outfit—neither forgetting a bag 


of oats for Kit, anda box of beautiful,. 
lively, red angle worms for the hungry 
fish. 

Reached Gull Lake, twelve miles dis- 
tant, before seven o’clock and rowed. 
about the likely spots, but never had a. 
sight of a Loon. ‘The birds have left: 
this grand lake or, at least do not ap- 
pear there regularly. Too many col- 
lectors reach this water and the birds. 
have left for other quarters to nest. 

Secured a number of eggs of marsh 
birds, such as sets of Carolina Rail, 
Long-billed Wrens, ete. hen hitched. 
up and visited successively Indian and 
Gilkey lakes and several large ponds in 
an adjoining county, but without suc-: 
cess, so far as the desired articles were 
concerned, although we caught a nice 
lot of calico bass. 

Finally reached Crooked Lake, where 
we gave the mare another rest, and 
went on the water. We soon heard a. 
Loon’s weird, quavering utterance and 
not long after saw three birds in one 
section of the water. This did not prove 
anything but it gave us hope, and, as. 
my companion said ‘the ball was open- 
ed’ Not an inapt term either when we 
consider the bubbling notes of the 
Loon as compared tothe rippling bursts 
of the clarionette, as the band tunes up. 

The birds cften nest on small lakes: 
and feed on large ones, sometimes to 
quite a distance, so that we were never 
sure of finding a nest unless we visited 
all the lakes in the vicinity. We: 
were sure of just one thing by the ap- 
pearance of those Loons—yvyiz, that there: 
were two pairs of birds, at least visit- 
ing somewhere in that section. 

We spent four hours and over hunt- 
ing through the likely portions of the 
lake, but without success, although we 
took several sets of Gallinules and. 
Rails eggs. Finally we discovered the 
nest in the usual situation, an old bog, 
out from the shore ten rods or more. 
The nest held nothing, and would not 
have been recognized as a nest unless 


“THE OOLOGIST. 173 


one was familiar with the appearanee 
of the damp shiftless structure. Even 
our practical eyes could detect nothing 
which could prove that the slight hol- 
low had held eggs as yet, but the 
chances were, that some one had been 
there before us. 

Now, rather tired we pulled for 
shore, trolling on the way and landing 
a large black bass. We next struck 
out for Pleasant Lake, a beautiful sheet 
of clear water. A row of ten minutes 
from the wharf brought us to the bog 
where I had taken eggs the year prey- 
ious, and three years before. We were 
not disappointed this trip, as the -nest 
held two finely colored eggs with well 
detined specks, mostly at the larger 
end. The ground color was emphatical- 
ly different from the general run of 
egos, being of a greenish tinge quite un- 
like anything which I have ever seen. 
Still I think the same bird laid them 
that laid on the bog before. I reasoned 
this way from the markings rather than 
from the ground color, as I have often 
had it demonstrated to me with the 
eggs of the Buteoes. The eggs, long and 
generally almost exactly illiptical lie 
side by side at about three-fifths of the 
length of the nest from the front. This 
is undoubtedly to accomodate the ecap- 
acity of the old bird to properly incub- 
ate them. The bird having along boat 
like body the abdomen is necessarily 
well back from a center. 

Carefully biowing and packing our 
treasures which proved fresh, we next 
hustled over to Wall Lake, where we 
were to camp for the night. Pitching 
our little shelter tent in a clump of 
trees near the lake shore, we soon had 
the frying pan sizzling and a grand dis- 
play of beautifully browned bass laid 
out for hungry boys. Wesat down to 
arepast, which though not served in 
style, at least answered the purpose. 
The manner in which the bacon and 
and eggs, fried fish and coffee disap- 
peared, was.ample proof that tin plate 


service was all that was required. The 
Loons kept up their quavering clatter 
and weird hullabaloo while we were at 
ourrepast, and Ralph became so rattled 
that he at last choked and had to stop 
eating. He claimed that he had chok- 
ed on a bone, but I sincerely think he 
was so stuffed as to be unable to swal- 
low another mouthful. 

After supper, or as we called it our 
eight o’clock dinner, we made the horse 
O. K. for the night, and thea my com- 
panion, who insisted, that the Loons 
were mocking us, and during us to 
come on the jake, said that we must 
get one more set of eggs in order to 
sleep well. He went to a neighboring 
farm house and secured a boat, and 
thongh it was getting dark insisted on 
our going out. 

We knew about where to go, and 
striking off just out from the reedy 
shore, not over a quarter of a mile was 
covered, when we had set of eggs num- 
ber two in our hands. We saw the old 
Loon slide off of the eggs when we 
were twenty rods or more away. She 
kept about the spot, often coming with- 
in eight or ten rods of us and frequent- 
ly uttering the weird quavering notes. 
This seemed to be the method of com- 
munication, call notes if we wish to 
term them so. The mate which we had 
not seen before in the gathering dark- 
ness, now appeared and the pair con- 
versed in Loon language, driving about 
us and evidently anxious for our de- 
parture. 

Ralph fired at the birds several times 
not with any idea of hitting them, but 
as he said just to keep his hand in at 
missing them. It is perfectly idle to 
shoot at a Loon or diver of any kind 
when they are aware of your presence. 
They can dive at the flash every time 
and get away. The only means of se- 
curing one is to surround it which is ex- 
tremely difficult, and while the alert 
bird is watching one gunner, a shot 
from another may possibly lay it low. 


174 THE OOLOGIST. 


I have even seen a bird, to wise to fly, 
baffle a dozen shooters distributed 
about a mill pond, for two hours. 

We rowed to a likely spot and anchor- 
ed and fished for an hour for bull-heads, 
and at last went into camp with a good 
mess for breakfast. Then we sat near 
the camp fire and wrote up our notes 
for the day, keeping up a string of 
back-talk that would have convinced 
- anyone listening outside of our circle, 
that we were deadly enemies. The 
Loons out on the lake continued to yell, 
holler or twitter, as the impulse seized 
them. There must have been five or 
six at least, but it did seem that there 
were twenty or more. 

The common song is cloo loo loo but 
this is often varied to ko a whee loo loo 
l-o-0-0. Coming over the lake, the 
notes might almost be considered as the 
repinings of lost spirits, if such things 
could be. To a superstitious person, 
the Loon’s song at night appears the 
very incovuation of all that is myster- 
ious and frightful. It would not be a 
difficult matter to drive a nervous ten- 
derfoot crazy with fear, by concocting 
some horrible yarn to fit the dread in- 
spiring notes. Even yet, familiar as I 
am with the weird clatter and jabber- 
ing—the notes often produce momen- 
tary chills down my back. But, never- 
theless, the song, gutteral chucklings 
and quavers, are very pleasing to me, 
and 1 do not know of another bird 
which possesses notes, which are as _al- 
luring to my ears, both from their odd- 
ity as well as the spirit of mystery sur- 
rounding them as those of the ane ne: 
crazy Loon. 

Next morning I was awakened be the 
following pleasantry from my compan- 
ion:—“Get up you miserable Egg-hog. 
Time for chuck.” 

“You’re a’nother.” 

“Hurry up. Let’s eat and then scoop 
*nother set. Didn’t the Loons holler in 
the night.” 

In ten minutes the coffee was boiling, 


and inside of a quarter of an hour more. 
we were again on the lake on the look- 
out for Great Northern Diver's eggs. 
We took several sets of Rails and other 
eggs, but never had sight cf another 
Loon, or eggs. After fishing over a 
good share of the lake, constantly on 
the lookout for Louns we finally gave it 
up and prepared the horse for another 
skip of a few miles. 

At Shelp Lake, which is merely a big 
pond of a half mile in length, we took 
a set of two dark colored eggs. The 
nest was only just outside of the pond 
lilly pods and not over three rods from 
shore. The nest was situated so that 
it could be seen from afar, and the eggs. 
could be distinguish:d at quite fifty 
yards. This is generally the case and 
I have more than once been able to dis- 
tinguish the eggs at fully one hundred 
yards, so nearly level is the surface of 
the structure. 

We next visited Pine Lake but with- 
out success in anything but fish. From 
here we made a jump of seven miles to 
the west shore of Gunn lake where we 
busied ourselves the remainder of the 
day with the landand water birds and. 
in fishing. 

We camped on a point of land con- 
venient for our purpose. The next 
morning we started to take in the whole 
lake but had to give up on accouut of 
the large expanse of the sheet of wat- 
er. We found no more Loon’s nests 
but were successful in taking a great 
many shore birds and other eggs and. 
also had fair luck with the fish, and 
took home a good string of small mouth 
black bass. Also shot a number of 
birds for the collection. 

The one point against a trip of this 
kind is the expense of boat hire, as at 
most every lake we were docked a quar- 
ter. My friend now has a means of 
evading this outlay by carrying his 
canvass boat, which occupies a small 
space and weighs but thirty pounds. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE 0F ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


Wilson and Bartram the Naturalist. 


G. VROOMAN SMIrH. 


III. 


John Bartram, whose career ended in 
1777, and who established the first bot- 
anie garden in America, was pronounc- 
ed by Linnzus to be ‘‘the greatest 
self-taught botanist in the world.” 
William, his son inherited the father’s 
vast capabiiities and love for Botany, 
and became at his death properietor of 
the Botanical Gardens at Gray’s Ferry 
on the Schuylkill. He, like his father 
did not confine his studies exclusively to 
Botany, but his tastes were directed a- 
long the entire line of natural history. 
Before Wilson conceived the plan for 
his American Ornithology, Bartram 
was without doubt better acquainted 
with the birds of this country than any 
other person living. In fact he had 
published the most comprehensive list 
of American birds ever written. 

Wilson’s School was in close prox- 
imity to the Botanical Gardens of Bar- 
tram. The benign, congenial disposi- 
tion of the owner early led Wilson to 
become a frequent visitor at the garden, 
and he contracted an affectionate, en- 
during intimacy with the venerable 
naturalist. The two friends conversed 
and argued about topics relating to na- 
ture, and gradually Wilson became 
drawn into its fascinating meshes. He 
often accompanied the Botanist on bot- 
anizing expeditions in the vicinity, and 
became acquainted with the natural ob- 
jects of that section and enjoyed hearing 
them explained by a master of the 
science. Always a worshipper of the 
beauties of nature,his inborn tastes were 
kindly fostered in the society and by 
the instruction of his newly made 
acquaintance. 


173+ 


Confined to the close air and weary, 
monotonous routine of a village school! 
his nerves and active spirits were be- 
ginning to lose their power. He was. 
often given over to melancholy, depres- 
sion and depondeicy; for his mind was 
constantly working and brooding over 
dim and indefinite plans and systems 
for the future; and this tendency 
was greatly increased by his devotion 
to poetry and the flute, in which he- 
spent most of his leieure time. His: 
health was rapidly becoming impaired 
by severe mental exertion and studying: 
late at night by a dim carlle lig it. 

Mr. Bartram’s library contained but, 
few works on the subject of Natural, 
History. The writings of Edwards and 
Catesby were suflicient to give him an. 
idea of science, and to direct him in 
making observations for himself. 

One of his first acquisitions in the 
science was to discover the imperfec-- 
tions of books on the subject of the 
birds of this country by an actual com- 
parison with the living objects them- 
selves. While Mr. Bartram possessed 
invaluable taste and judgement to assist 
and advise him in his new pursuit; yet 
his ideas concerning the torpidity of 
swallows and the night hawk and whip-- 
poor-will being one and the same species, 
were wholly in accord with the prevail-- 
ing opinion of the time. To Wilson, the 
opinion that swallows, the gay harbin- 
gers of Spring should at the approach 
of cold weather take up their abode at 
the bottom of mill-ponds and rivers with 
the turtles and frogs, seemed like an. 


enormous absurdity. Though Bartram 


shared the popular opinion, as Linnzeus. 
did, and even as Aristotle in remote. 
times believed in the submersion of 
swallows, Wilson was determined to. 
prove, if possible the contrary to him-- 
self and to the world by actual impartial 
observation. He examined mill-ponds. 
when they were drained in the Autumn;, 
saw a multitude of trees cut down in 
which chimney swifts had nested for- 


176 


years, visi'ed the salt-petre-workers in 
‘the Barrens of Kentucky, where it was 
believed they resorted to in winter; ex- 
eavated hundreds. of holes of bank 
swallows, and various other retreats; 
but failed to find a single incident to 
-testify that swallows did actually as- 
sumeatorpid condition. He laid be- 
fore Bartram the results of his careful 
research, which thoroughly convinced 
him that his idea was erroneous. 

That peculiarly colored bird perched 
.on yonder low roof,uttering those shrill 
notes ‘‘whip-poor-will,” which comes 
,to our ears through the soft air of this 
pleasant June evening, was almost uni- 
versally regarded at the time Wilson 
‘began his ornithological career, as the 
-same specie of bird that you see swiftly 
flying there above; now to one side now 
to the other and uttering its strange, 
characteristic hotes as it quickly turns, 
at the same time enabling us to dimly 
see through the slowly fading twilight 
,the white spots of its wings. 

The whip-poor-will and night-hawk 
-greatly interested the young Ornitholo- 
gist. He resolved to make a thorough 
examination, as he was accustomed to 
do of the two birds. We may state 
right here that Wilson’s success as an 
Ornithologist prinsipally lay in his mi- 
nute observations. No popular idea or 
.Opinion was accepted by him as grant- 


.ed. His great work is based on pure 


.and reliable personal observation. In- 
stead of considering the point as regards 
the whip-poor will and night-hawk as 
established, he shot fifteen night hawks. 
Nine males and six females. Two 
were shot as they rose from their eggs, 
which were laid onthe bare ground. 
All these he very carefully examined 
and dissected. The same way he treat- 
.ed the whip-poor-will, examining their 
eggs in every case The result of his 
research wasthat he observed the night- 
‘hawk’s wings to extend beyond the tail 
-and ornamented with white spots on the 
,under side; while the whip-poor-will’s 


THE OOLOGIST. 


wings were much shorter and devoid of 
such spots. The bristles of the whip- - 
poor-will’s mouth were absent in the 
night-hawk, and the bill of the former 
much longer than the latter. Thus after 
long and patient study he satisfied him- 
self and convinced his friend Bartram 
that they were two distinct species. 

Although Bartram cherished many an- 
tiquated ideas concerning birds, still he 
greatly assisted Wilson in his new voeca- 
tion, and his work was afterwards en- 
riched by mauy of hisobservations. We 
owe to Bartram the honor of being the 
councillor and adviser in nearly all of 
Wilson’s projects. When barriers arose 
which were likely to oppose the progress 
of his plans he freely stated the diffi- 
culties to hisfriend, who speedily devis- 
ed the needed remedy. 

The following communication from 
the pen of Wilson to his friend in refer- 
ence to some pencil sketches jhe desires 
to have eriticized expresses his exact 
sentiments and attitude towards him.— 
“Criticize these, my dear friend, with- 
out fear of offending me—this will in- 
struct, but not discourage me. For 
there is not among all our naturalists, 
one who knows so well what they are, 
and how they ought to be represented. 
In the meantime, accept my best wish- 
es for your happiness—wishes as sincere 
as ever one human being breathed for 
another. To your advice and encour- 
aging encomiums, I am indebted for 
these few specimens, and for all that 
wili follow. They may yet tell poster- 
ity that I was honoured with your friend- 
ship, and that to your inspiration they 
owe their existence.’’ 

= 


Floridan Races. 


Florida, while not abounding in new 
species for a northern collector, is how- 
ever, exceedingly rich in climatic var- 
jeties and geographical races, which, 
during two seasons collecting there 


-have interested me as much if not more 


PHE OOLOGIST. 177 


than the species, or even genefa, which 
{I had not before met with. 

Not all the varieties in southern birds 
¢an be mentioned in this article; they 
all differ in about the same way— 
smaller and darker seems to be the rule, 
broken however in one or two cases as 
with the size of the Florida Wren J. ZL. 
miamehsts, a variety of the Great Caro- 
lina bird, lwdovictanzs, which is, if any- 
thing slightly larger, measuring about 
6 in. in length, 7.75 in extent, and wing 
from 2.45 to 2.70; the bill is also notice 
ably larger. As with the latter part of 
the above rule, though, mamiensis is 
darker and richer in its color. The 
eggs seem to average about the same 
as those of the stock species, a set of 
five measuring .73-.75 by .62-.56. 

The Southern Hairy Woodpecker is 
found commonly throughout the pine 
flat-woods, but does not seem to differ 
much from our birds except in 
8,00 to 8.75 in length by 14.75 extent. 
Perhaps if thereis any difference in 
eolor this southern form is a little 
darker, especially noticed below. 

The Blue Jay and Crow, as repre- 
sentatives of Corvidae, differ in about 
the same way, smaller, and the Jay 
lacking some of the white of our birds 
on the wing and tail, and having a 
smaller crest, as noticed by Coues in 
his popular ‘‘Key.” A specimen taken 
in northern Florida, where they were 
not at all common-and rather hard to 
eet with small shot, measured 10.95 x 
15.40x4.80. Bill 1.15. The Towhee 
Bunting of Florida P./ allent differ in 
the same way as the Blue Jay together 
with the white iris. 

One of the most striking of the varie- 
ties to a Wisconsin collector, is the case 
of the Bob-white C. v. floridanus. which 
altho gh perhaps not differing so very 


much from the quail of the other south-’ 


ern states, is a very differentbird in col- 
or and size from the average Wisconsin 
specimen. The first thing noticed, 
after the smaller size, is the richness 


SIZ *; 


‘itant of the hollow tree: 


and darkness of the coloring, the breast 
in most specimens, looking almost black- 
ish at a little distance and the black 
sometimes almost entirely replacing 
the brownish breast-band. The black 
bars of the belly also seem to begin 
nearer the collar and continue in a sort 
of blurr to the lower breast, before 
showing a distinct and continued white 
space-mark. Individual specimens, 
however, differ very much in the mark- 
ings of the under parts. 

The billin all specimens taken, ex- 
cept perhaps one or two, was entirely 
jet-black, and the white superciliary 
line was usually divided atthe crown 
by the black of the head, which extend. 
ed in most specimens all over the back 
of the head, and neck, giving all the 
white markings avery sharp and dis- 
tinct look. The whole back is also a 
decided darker and richer chestnut and 
black, the secondaries and their coverts 
showing very broad black bars, Alto- 
gether the quailof the south are much 
prettier birds than our own beautiful, 
but rapidly disappearing Bob-whites of 
the north. Measurements of males ran 
from 9.10 to 9.40 in. in length by about 
14.50 to 14.55 extent, and wing from 
4.27 to 4.50. 

Among Raptores probably the most 
distinct variations occur among the owls. 
Of common northern owls the Barred 
and Sereech are both represented by 
equally good geographical races. The 
Barred Owl of Florida is amuch darker 
bird, especially on the back and head, 
and perhaps on the breast, when com- 
pared side by side than our own inhab- 
His toes are 
not so heavily feathered, in fact some 
specimens show barely a sign of a 
bristle on them. Heseems to be of the 
same sizeas the northern resident. 
The little Sereech owl, however is de- 
cidedly smaller measuring from 8.25 to 
8.75 by 20.25 to 21.50 by 5.50 to 5.75, 
thus averaging much smaller than asio. 
The smallest specimens are those of 


178 THE OOLOGIST. 


the erythrismal phase, which is the 
commonest there, although ‘mottled 
owls” are frequent. I was not fortu- 
nate enough to meet with the Florida 
Burrowing Owl. 

The resident Meadow Larks and Red- 
winged Blackbirds were par-icularly 
small on the average, although very 
large specimens of the former were 
sometimes obtained. The smaller ones 
averaged about 8.55 x 138.70 x 400. 
Northern larks vary much, however in 
siz> and brightness of the yellow 
breast. 

N. HOLLIsTER. 
Delavan, Wis. 


<> 2 


The Embryology of a Bird. 


It is evident at once that a subject 
upon which alone whole volumes have 
been written, can receive but the 
merest outline in a sketch like the pres- 
ent, and I can only hope that a few 
brief facts, stated in the simplest lan- 
guage may be of interest to those, who, 
while not caring to euter deeply into 
the intricate details, would still wish to 
know the principle step in that mys- 
terious process of development, which 
transfo: ms the inanimate egg into the 
living, breathing chick. 

And first afew words upon the an- 
atomy of the unincubated egg, for its 
two divisions of White and Yolk are 
not quite so structureless as they at 
first appear. The White may be easily 
disposed of since it serves merely as a 
store of nutriment for the growing 
chick without taking any active share 
in its formation. Confining our, atten- 
tion then to the Yolk we observe, first 
that it is surrounded by a very thin, 
structureless, but important sheath, 
called the Vitelline Membrane and 
from each end of this membrane ex- 
tending through the white to the ends 
of the egg. passes a delicate cord, which 
while aiding to hoid the yolk in place 
allows it to rotate. The object of this 


careful arrangement is seen directly 
when we find that upon the yolk, just 
beneath the Vitelline Membrane lies a 
small mass of alluminous. substance 
called the Cicatricula which is alone the 
vital and essential portion of the whole 
egg, and it is for the purpose of keep- 
ing this important structure always 
highest, where it may receive the great- 
est amount of heat, that rotation of the 
yolk is permitted. 

What now is the first change ccurr- 
ing as incubation begins? The cicatri- 
cula divides into two parts, each of 
these iinmediately into two more and 
this continues to be repeated until 
there remains but a collection of globu- 
lar, microscopic bodies, all exactly 
similar, known as cells. This is called 
Segmentation, a process which, gener- 
ally speaking, occurs in the ovum (or 
“eoo”) of every animal from that of a 
sponge to those of mammals them- 
selves. Segmentation being complete, 
fluid collects between the cells, which 
at the same time spread themselves 
out, disc like beneath the Vitelline 
Membrane. This disc is the Blastoderm 
and is the first rudiment of the embryo 
although composed of cells which, as 
we have said, are precisely alike, they 
will finally change, each to its special 
nature. This. process is known as- 
Diff_rentiation, one of the fundimental 
facts in life which science is never like- 
ly to explain. The Blastoderm now 
begins to curl downwards and inwards 
at sides and ends until they meet when 
they unite and form a sae entirely 
closed except a communication below 
with the remaining larger portion of 
the yolk, through which the latter can 
be absorbed as needed for growth. 
Meanwhile the cells on the upper sur- 
face of the Blastoderm on what is to be 
the back of the embyro, are very active. 
A groove forms in its long axis, the cells 
on either side heap up, arch over the 
groove, unite and form a hollow tube, 
slightly larger at one end, This is the 


THE OOLOGIST. 179 


Cerelro Spinal Cordand represents the 
brain and spinal cord. We have so 
far traced t.e formation of an oblong 
sae above which runs a_ hollow canal, 
but another step has been also going on 
which is somewhat more complex. 
The Blastoderm has split into two layers 
thus giving us really two sacs, one with- 
in the other and quite separate except 
beneath the Cerelro Spinal Cord where 
the Blastoderm remains undivided 
through life. From the external sac, 
the body walls, the skeleton, the limbs, 
the heart and blood are formed; from 
the internal, the intestines and internal 
organs. Four bud like processes grow 
out from the external sac These become 
the four limbs. The internal sac grows 
longer, much longer than the others 
within which it coils, while from its 
outgrowths, or buds, form the Liver 
and Lungs. The large end of the 
Cerelro Spinal Canal increases in size 
by thickening of its walls and the brain 
takes definite shape. So far we have 
no openings to or from the intestinal 


canal, but at each end the walls gf the’ 


two sacs grow to each other and unite, 
the septum between them becomes 
absorbed and the mouth and arms re- 
main. Notice that neither of these 
openings communicates with the space 
between the sacs (that is between the 
intestinesand the walls of the abdomen) 
which in entirely closed. The eyes are 
formed ina curious manner by an in- 
growth from the skin meeting an out- 
growth from the hair. 

By this time our embryo is decidedly 
birdlike in appearance although still 
occupying but asmall part of ics shell 
and having the large unabsorbed yolk 
sac attached to its abdomen. From 
this point its history is more a matter 
of “growth” than transformation ex- 
cept in its developement of special or- 
gans, a description of which would be 
far too complicated for an outline such 
as this. There remains, however, a 
structure which must be mentioned, 


aud this is the membrane which en- 
velops the embryo and which occasion- 
ally causes odlogists so much annoyance 
by clinging to the inside of the shell of 
incubated eggs. Its structure is ex- 
tremely complex and it must suffice to 
say that it is formed of three layers, 
the outer being the Vitelline Membrane. 
Beneath this is a delicate layer formed 
by an outgruwth from the external sac, 
which has budded out and grown en- 
tirely around the chick. This is the 
Arnnion, its purpose being chiefiy pro- 
tective and hence more important in 
mammals. The last or inmost layer is 
a somewhat similar outgrowth from 
the inner sac but its purpose is very 
different, for the Allantois serves the 
unborn chick as a breathing apparatus, 
absorbing oxygen and giving off waste 
products through the porous shell. 
When the bird leaves the shell its lungs 
of course become active, and the al- 
lantois is thrown off with the rest of 
the membrane. As mentioned before 
these structuresare of great importance 
and of early formation, commencing 
before the edges of the Blastoderm come 
near uniting, although for simplicities 
sake I have referred to them as out- 
growths of the two ‘‘sacs”. As an aid 
in explaining the Arnnion and Allantois 
I would suggest their mental’ compar- 
ison to the empty sleeves of a man’s 
coat and shirt respectively, without the 
lower openings, and it can I think 
readily be seen how they may extend. 
and cover the entire body. 
THEODORE W. RICHARDS. 
Washington, D. C. 


THE WORLDS FAIR. 


BY OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT. 

There has been a great deal written 
about the Columbian Exposition, and 
the newspapers are full of a general 
description of the sights and principle . 
features. But the naturalists of our 


180 ‘ 


land derive very little information or 


pleasure from these reports, as news- 


paper columns contain but slight 
reference,to the subject in which we 
are most interested. To meet the re- 
quirements of their readers, the larger 
majority of periodicals and magazines 
deyoted to specialists, have secured 
special correspondents to write up the 
Fair in their provinces, and this effort 
on the part of enterprising publica- 
tions, cannot fail to receive the appro- 
bation of all who are interested. 

The OoLocis® is never behind in an 
effort to keep abreast of the times, and 
ever anxious to secure reliabie notes on 
all pertaining to Birds, eggs and allied 
subjects, has placed a regular corres- 
pondent in charge of ‘World’s Fair 
Notes.’ This department will be pre- 
sented from month to month, and a 
general review be given to the readers. 
To those who are unable to attend the 
Fair, this series of articles will certain- 
ly prove acceptable, while to those who 
attend the Fair at a Jater date, the notes 
may be of some assistance as a guide; 
and as a record of the past, the sketch 
cannot fail to receive pleasing memories 
of the greatest World’s Fair that has 
thus far been opened. 

To begin with, we will discuss the 
prospects in regard to board and lodg- 
jng. There is nota particle of doubt 
in my mind, but that ample accommo- 
dations may be found forall the visitors 
to the windy city, even in the busiest 
months. Any able-bodied boy or man 
can find lodging within a mile of the 
grounds at fifty cents a night, and good 
meals at twenty-five cents. If meals 
are high near the grounds then take a 
cable car to the main part of the city, 
where there are dozens of places which 
set out fair meals, *European plan, at 
from twenty to forty cents, according 
to your liking and capacity. A meal 


«European Plan—means ask for what you 
want, as little or much as you choose; a full 
meal or a piece of pie. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


good euough for me, can be had for 
twenty cents, consisting of meat, po- 
tatoes, bread, butter and coffee. It is 
fair to vousider this suticient for any 
man or boy who wants to see the Fair 
cheaply. For lunch on the grounds, 
you cau buy a sandwich, or some 
doughnuts. These can be bought for 
five or ten cents outside the grounds 
and earried in your pocket. Nothing 
should |e bought on the grounds, as 
everything is high-priced, and to a 
person going on the cheap, unnecessary 
outlay is a serious matter. What is 
more, the trouble of takiny care of 
extrasis always a serious inconvenience 
and one shonld always go as light as 
possible. One’s baggage should ¢on- 
sist, at most, of a light valise, contain- 
inga change or so of linen, collars, 
cuffs, socks ete. These, in proportion 
to the length of one’s stay. This valise 
may be left at the baggage room of any 
of the state buildings where you register 
or at your lodging place, if you have a 
regular one. Itis best to go untram- 
melled as possible. At the end of the 
visit, one ean purchase those articles 
which appeal to our desires, as col- 
lectors and naturalists. I expect to 
have several lodging places before I 
am through with the Fair, in fact I 
rarely sleep twice in the same bed. 
What is the difference to a person 
where one sleeps. I come to the Fair 
to see the show, and not to put on 
style, or ‘cut a figure.’ At the Cen- 
tennial at Philadelphiain 76, I did not 
sleep two consecutive times in the 
same house, and never twice in the 
same bed, yet I ‘took in’ the whole ex- 
hibition,and took notes on each country 
represented. 

To my way of thinking the naturalist 
who attends the Fair should constant- 
ly take notes for future reference. 
One may think that all points of inter- 


est can be remembered, but a great 


error is made in leaving everything to 
memory without a proper reminder. 


THE OOLOGIST. 181 


If one takes notes on points of merit 
then at any future time, we may turn 
to the remarks ona particular nation, 
or exhibit and there recall all the 
features of interest. Asa boy I attend- 
ed the Centennial exposition and fol- 
lowed this plan, and I have to-day notes 
on each of the many nations. and anc 
refer to it instantly. It may be thata 
few outsiders will read this article; if 
so, it will not come amiss if the general 
advice is taken as to notes, for anyone 
- attending this grandest of aggregations, 
cannot fail to reap benefits by a proper 
use of pencil and note book. 

To return to the matter of expenses, 
a subject in which many of my readers 
are interested. The following schedule 
of prices will give an idea of the daily 
average of a sight-seer’s expenses who 
is limited as to means: 


LOCI GNSS ai Scio RO EO rene oe is one Oe 50 
IBRaRIRTARES hash oe aes cece eee 20 
Ganecremtinaince wees ad et ee cs 5) 
Inecidentals, street car fare ete....... 20 
Lunch bought outside of grounds....10 
SUMO XIP. 6 dS dao BUNS SaaS Coca ne mere 25 

ay lati) 


At these figures a boy ean spend a 
week, that is Monday to Friday in- 
clusive, five days, riding to and from 
on Sunday and Friday nights. for $8.75 
exclusive of railroad fare. Moreover, 
as can easily be proven, if a man wants 
to exert himself, this figure per day 
may be cut down quite an amount. 
For instance, street car fare may be 
lopped off, if a boy wants to walk and 
save funds. And, too, a plentiful sup- 
ply of staple provision may be brought 
from home and kept in a_ satchell. 
Crackers, dried‘ beef and bologna, 
together with hard boiled eggs and 
cheese keep well, and are filling and 
suitable, if not delicasies. Remember 
you are going to absorb information 
and not to fill your stomach. 

There are thousands of persons who 
will attend the Columbian Exposition 
who will ‘blow in” a lot of money. 


Many of them can afford it but there 
area great many who can’t, who will 
try to cut x» swell; and then in the end 
they will not have a better time than 
you, and ten to one will not Jearn half 
as much as the boy with the note book. 
The following will give a rough idea of 
the expense of going tothe Fair in 
style. 


TLGte lp emcMancaari ath neleeeuerinals $ 5 00 
Hack to and from ground......... 3 00 
LATTE WAAR OMTGISAS 66 bie enon oo 2 00: 
LUINERNTS TN CWO Maer a odoe bonds ooo BOY 
Imcidenitalseeie yt ide hin sent Rtas 2 00 
PRemidiavie totallion cen s.rcrcrenaele ett: $14 00: 


Thousands will spend this sum daily 
aside from the figure of railroad fare, 
but they cannot learn any more than is 
possible for you on $1 75 a day. 

Now boys I want you all to come to 
the Fair, if it¥is possible, and I take this 
means of asking your parents to let you 
come, and to assist you to visit Chicago: 
in 1898. Self reliant boys will find 
some means of paying expenses, and 
there are very few who live within one 
or two hundred miles of the Fair who 
will fail to visitit. In 1876 I worked 
all summer in order to visit the Centen- 
nial, and took my hard knocks in the 
harvest field and at other kinds of hard: 
work, in order to accomplish my object: 
and Ihave never been sorry. At the 
Centennial I necessarily lived cheaply, 
for I had about 2,000 miles of railroad 
fare to pay going and coming, and so IL 
had to eut down expenses. I secured. 
lodgings at Philadelphia at *25 cents a. 
night, and to this day I have never been. 
sorry that I went. 

Some may think that this article is 
written up to advertise the Fair—and 
they are right. But in no sense is it 
intended to puff any particular institu- 
tion or department. Ihave no axes to 
grind, and have merely written this for 


«These lodgings were cheap and poor enough, 
but answered the purpose. Equally poor and 
cheap lodgings can be found in Uhicago 


182 THE OOLOGIST. 


. 


my young readers, to let them know 
how they can manage to see _ the 
World’s Fair at about $10a week or 
less. 

Many exhibits are just being placed 
in shape and the best season to visit 
the Fair is still to come. There area 
great many points I would like to dwell 
upon, and:many exhibits I would be 
pleased to describe, but there is yet 
ample time for full descriptions and in 
the following articles it will be our en- 
deavor to refer to all points of interest 
to ornithologists and oologists. 

Most of my readers are now at school 
and will not attend the exposition un- 
til the summer vacation, and therefore, 
probably not until July or August. In 
the mean time it is wellto get a general 
idea of what. you are most anxious to 
see, and in order to folldW this out, it 
is perhaps best after registering at your 
State Building to call at the exhibit of 
F. H. Lattin & Co. 

SPECIAL. 


Data Blanks. 


To the genuine student of odlogy a set 
of birds eggs withont data is of about as 
much value as so many marbles. The 
well filled data blank constitutes the 
history of a set and upon its complete- 
ness and correctness depends largely 
the value of the specimens. A detailed 
description of nest and nesting site adds 
much to the value of specimens and to 
this end data blanks having plenty of 
room for description of nest should be 
Selected. 

B. O. Longyear, 
Mason, 
Mich. 


We call the attention of our readers 
1o the mistake in one of our ads. last 
month. It read ‘“EKurekaSilver Plating 
Composure’” and should have been 
“Kureka Silver Plating Compound.” 
We would advise our friends to try it. 


A Few More Hints on Scientific Osteology - 


I have read with interest the two ar- 
ticles on Osteology, which have been 
published in the recent OoLoaIsTs, and 
think I can add a little to them. 

The latest writer seems to think it 
very important to allow the rough 
skeleton to dry and then soak it till the 
flesh is soft and then carefully pick 
away the flesh. I have seen very good 
Specimens prepared by cleaning the 
skeleton as carefully as possible, leav- 
ing the sinews so as to hold its joints, 
aud then allowing the skeleton to dry. 
Then take the skeleton and hold it in 
steam, escaping from some vessel con- 
taining boiling water, fora few mom- 
ents. Then the dry flesh can be scraped 
away very easily and the sinews not in- 
jured, as they differ in color and need 
not be confused. 

Then the skeleton shouli be soaked 
in ‘‘jarveile water” (the compound of 
chloride of lime and soda, mentioned 
by the previous writer), then it can be 
mounted, and if placed in strong sun- 
light fora few days will bleach very 
thoroughly. 

There are afew bones that the am- 
ateur is likely to destroy or throw 
away. Atthe joint of the wing corres- 
ponding to the wrist joint is a small — 
spur or thumb. This should remain 
attached to the bone. 

In the neck, at the base of the tongue, 
there is a bone, the hyoid, which should 
saved and attached in its proper posit- 
ion, to the bleached skeleton. It is 
roughly V-shaped. 

The skulls of Owls and all large birds 
should be handled carefully when being 
cleaned so as not to crush the nasal 
and other honey-combed bones. 

W.C. HAE: 

[A skeleton can be cleaned much 
quicker by allowing flesh to dry on the 
bones before scraping, as larger pieces. 
can be removed at a time.—Ost. ED. 
OF OOLOGIST. | 


THE OOLOGIST. 1&3 


THE OOoLocISsT. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers 
ALBION, N.Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 

Single Subscription - - 50¢ per annum 
Sample Copies - - 5c each 
The above rates include payment of postage by us. 

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for an Exchange Notice and the other tor “950, 
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over 

Subscriptions can begin with any number 
Back numders Gt the OoLogt3T can be furnish 
ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- 
tions and prices. 

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per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. 


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payable and address all subscriptions and com- 
munications Lo BP... LALTTIN & CO.. 

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*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries 
for publication should be torwarded as early in 
the month as possible. 


ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER, 
oe eee 


Items of Interest. 


We are unable to print many valuable 
articles in full, hence we give the fol- 
lowing brief extracts from those of 
greatest interest. 

Mr. Harry Smith of Michigan, sends 
notes on the Golden-winged Warbler. 
The nest was found in a fence corner 


inasmall bush 1 ft. up. It was com- 
posed of large Oak Leaves on the out- 
side, lined with grasses and had a 
wreath of grapevine bark on the top. 
It contained four eggs, the background 
being white, with spots of black and 
brown on the large end. The bird did 
not seem to mind our approach and we 
nearly caught it on the nest. 


A curious incident is related by M. G. 
Van de Water, of New York. He states 
on April 27th, this year, a pair of 
Phoebe’s built a nest in a building near 
their house. It was composed of the 
usual material. They had only got this 
nest well under way when a second 
one was started beside the first. Both 
nests were fully completed on May 6th. 
There was one egg in nest No. 1 on the 
6th and on the 7th an egg was laid in 
nest No. 2. After that three more eggs 
were laid in nest No.1. He states the 
nests were situated so that he could 
give them close observation, and only 
one pair of birds were to be found in 
the immediate vicinity. 


A twice occupied nest of the Ruby- 
throated Humming bird is recorded by 
Mr. Grier Campbell of N. J. <A year 
ago he found the nest on a small branch 
ofa maple about ten feet from the 
ground. On July 6th last year he again 
noticed the birds around the nest and 
on close examination discovered it was. 
being re-built. On the 12th it was ap- 
parently fully finished and contained 
two eggs, which he took with the nest. 
He wishes to hear from others on this 
subject. 


Mr. Wm. Brown of Wisconsin gives 
an ocecount of “A Flock of Humming- 
birds” which‘he saw Jast season. As he 
was picking his way through a par- 
ticularly wet place, looking for botani- 
cal specimens, his attentlon was arrest- 
ed by numerous Hummers and by a 
peculiar sound. Noticing a large patch 


184 THE OOLOGIST. 


of “Jewel Weed” (Impatiens Fulvay 
several square rods in extent he walked 
to it and discovered it to be literally 
alive with Ruby throats. The plants 
which grew three to four feet high 
were literally covered with seores of 
the little creatures, their green coats 
glistening in the sun, like polished ar- 
mor, while the sound of their wings, 
like the distant hum of machinery. 
Some seemed to be gathering honey 
while a great majority were chasing 
each other about, as if in a frolic, and 
a few were resting on the leaves. They 
seemed to be quite tame as he ap- 
prorched very close without their pay- 
ing any attention. 

We have a description of a collecting 
trip by H. D. Watts of California. The 
main finds were 
Vireo 5 eggs. The nest was of lichens, 
strips of grapevine bark, and lined with 
hair, situated between two runners of 
a grapevine. A Rock Wrens nest made 
of small sticks and grasses and placed 
between two pipes which supply the 
city below with water. A Louisiana 
Tanager nest high up in an Alder tree. 
It was ‘a frail structure, composed of 
roots, and the four blue, spotted eggs, 
were plainly seen from below. Four 
sets of Black-chinned and one of Cos- 
ta’s Hummingbird. Hestates in their 
locality the Costa’s may be distinguish- 
ed from the Black-chinned by being 
completely covered with lichens, while 
the Black-chinned looks like a small 
sponge. A Western Wool Pewee nest 
with three eggs. This was saddled on 
a large Sycamore limb 25 feet up. 


Another collecting trip by H. L. H2a- 
ton of Kansas, contains some interest- 
ing finds. The eggs were taken ina 
large conon, about two miles of whieh 
is covered with rocks, clumps of cotton- 
wood trees, ete. 
to fifteen feet high, and form excelient 
places for Rock Wrens, Barn, Bank 
and Cliff Swallows, Says, Phoebes and 


‘nest of the Rock Wren, 


a set of Warbling 


The rocks were three — 


Voultoy os. 


Ak Ud 


He discovered a colony of 
Cliff swallows under an overhanging 
rock, fiom which several clutches were 
taken, of from four to six eggs. 2nd 
a Hawks nest, which he could not iden- 
tify, found ina holeinarock. 38rd. A 
in a solitary 
rock, ina hole about four inches from 
the ground. This contained six eggs. 
4th. A Says Phoebe, which was con- 
cealed on the top of a small rock under 
the edge of a large boulder. He took 
the set by standing on his pony’s back. 
A number of other common finds, suck 
as Black-throated Bunting, Baltimore 
Oriole, Night Hawk, ete. 


APRIL CONTEST. 
Kighty-Six Judges. 
Prize winners aud credits received by 
each were as follows:— 
1. The Raptores of Michigan. 387 
2. A Criticism. 255: 


3. Another California Trip. 201. 
4. Wilson in Scotland. 90, 
5. Band-tailed Pigeon. 83. 


The following articles were awarded 
one year’s subscription to the OOLOGIST: 

Illinois River Valley. 71. 

A Tricolored Blackbird. 68. 

A Collector’s Gun. 54. 

The Judges prizes were awarded as 
follows: 

1. No. 62—Fred W. 
Bath, N. Y. exact. 

2. No. 42—O. F. Crooker, 
Wiss Ihe Be Bi, i, 4 

3. No. 26—Lorande G. Woodruff, 
New York City. 1, 3, 2.4,5. 


Parkhurst, 


Madison, 


4. No. Oy John B. Seymour, Clin- 
GOs IN. Wo Oe Ba B. 

5. No. 21 “te ert McPherson, North 
Adams. Mass. 1, 2, 3, 6, 4.. 


The following voted the same as the 
winner of the fifth prize, and were re- 
ceived here in the following order, but 
too late for any thing more substantial 
than an enrollment in our list of honor. 

No. 2o—Dana C. Gillett. N.Y. 

No. - ae S. Loudon, Michigan. 


No. 43—A, R. Hutchinson, N. YG: 
Wo. on D. Baylis, lowa. 


All prizes were mailed April 15th. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Young Oologist 2 The Oolovist 


Comprising together the most popular magazine, devoted to Birds, their 
Nests and Eggs, ever published. 


Appreciating their value, the published has reserved a limited quantity of each 


issue to supply future vlemands. 


He has now, all told, 


LESS THAN ONE HUNDRED COPIES OF EACH ISSUE. 


Collectors will readity see the advisability of Completing their Files or obtaining a 
Complete Set at Once! 
Back numbers will soon be exceedingly rare and valuable and possibly not obtainable at any price 


6 
CON ok 


CONTENTS. 


___ The following table of contents enumerates some of tae principal articles in each issue. The 
*Short articles’? mentioned are one column or less in length and are all of grest value to the 


student. : 


Not mentioned in the list of contents, each issue contains one or two pages of “items’’ or 
‘brief notes’’, one column to two pages of exchange notices, and from three to eight pages of 
advertisements, besides a ‘‘query column” which occurs in many, although not all issues. 


THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 


VOLUMET. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 12 each con- 
tain 16 pages. Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10each contain- 
20 pages. No. 11 contains 36 pages. 

No. 1,—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs, 
(3 pages): Coues’ Key; Twenty-four short ar- 
ticles. May, 18%. 

No. 2.—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs, 
concluded, (2 pages) ; Painted Buntings; Cala. 
Mottled Owl; List of Birds Found at Mon- 
treal; 44 short articles. June, ’3. 

No. 3.—Maine Items; Yellow-headed Blackbird ; 
Orchard Oriole; The Slip System; Wilson’s 
Thrush; Hand-book of Agassiz Association; 
23 short articles. July, ’84. 

No. 4.—Screech Owl; Importance of Identifica- 
tion; A La. Heronry; Cardinal Crosbeak; 
Hagle’s Nest; How to Make and Use Bird 
Lime; 14 short articles. Aug., ’84. 

No. 5.—Bird-nesting—To Collect Scientifically, 
(3 pages); Cala. Birds; From Wyoming; 22 
short articles. Sept., 84. 

No. 6.—Bobolink, (2% pages); Sea Birds of 
Maine; Egging in Cala. Swamp; Old ‘‘Put”’ 
and the Bird’s Nest; List of Wisconsin Birds; 
12 short articles, Oct., 84. 

No. 7.—Bronzed Grakle; Singular Duel; Fish 
Hawk; Spurred Towhee and Least Tit; Old 
“Put? ana the Bird’s Nest; Bird Isiand; 14 
short articles. Nov., 84. 

No. 8.—The Alligator; Collecting in Marshes; 
Woodcock; “Cur Birds in Their Haunts;” 
Towa Notes; Redstart; Summer Redbird: 18 
sbort articles. Dec., ’S4. 

No. 9.—Baltimore Oriole; Texas Jottings; Sap- 
suckers; Barn Owl; American Ornithologists’ 
Union, (3 pages); How to Handle a Gun; 
Black-capped Titmouse; Egg of the Moa. Jan. 

No. 10.—Winter Wren; Cala. Duck Hunting; 
Screech Owl;Davie’s Egg Check List; Pea- 

* cock with Queer Tastes; White-bellied Nut- 
hatch; Blue Jays; Spotted Robin Eggs; § 
short articles. Feb.,’85. © 

Wo. 11.—Bank Swallow; English Sparrows; 
Study of Birds; Gt. Horned Owl; Yellow- 
billed Cuckoo; Gambel’s Quail; Conn. Notes; 
Intelligence of the Oriole; Yellow-breast 
Chat; Maryland Yellow-throat; White- 
Ruimped Shrike; List of Pacific Coast Birds; 
knights of Audubon; Sample Data Blanks, 
(4 pages) ; 32 Short articles. March, 785. 

Wo. i2.—Completes Vol. I. Title pages for 
binding, with complete and exhaustive inéex, 
{8 pages.) April, ’8b. 


VOLUME II. consists of but two numbers. 
Each contains 32 pages. 

No. 18.—Bartram’s Gardens; South Carolina 
Observations, (6 pages); Scientific Names; 
Gt. Horned Owl; Bank Swallows; Knights of 
Audubon; Hummingbird; R. I. Notes; Texas 
Jottings; 30 short articles. May, ’85. 

No. 14.—American Crossbill; Audubon’s Birds 
of America; Iilincis Notes; Destruction of 
Birds; Cuckoos; Cala.. notes; Wrens on the 

. Warpath; Golden-winged Warbler; Fox 
Sparrow; Our Winter Birds; Snipe Creek; 
Red-head; Wisconsin Jottings; Burrowing 
Owl, etc.; A Florida Trip; Horned Lark; 
Queer Homes and Nesting sites; Brave Bird; 
Ferruginovs Rough Leg; Sparrows; Pigmy 
Nuthatch; 26 short articles. June, ’85. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Volumes III. and IV. are Bi-Monthly. The 
remaining volumes are Monthly. 
VOLUME III. each issue averages 12 pages. 

No. 15.—F ull page Frontispiece.—American Wa- 
ter Ouzels and Nest; Chester Island and the 
Marsh Wrens; Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y., 
(44% pages); A Cheap Cabinet; Nest of the 
Black-and-white Creeper; Summer Birds 
about Washington, D. C.; Davie’s Nests and 
Eggs of N. A. Birds; Water Blowpipe; 5 
Short Articles. Jan. & Feb., ’&6. 

No. 16.—Vagary of a Collector (Great Horned 
Owl, Climbing Strap); A Hunt for Tern Eggs; 
Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y.; Notes from 
North Carolina; Whip-Poor-Will; Nest of the 
Brown Creeper; Black-billed Cuckoo Deposit- 
ing Eggs in a Yellow-billed Cuckoo’s Nest; 
Cannibalism of the Red-headed Woodpecker}; 
23 short articles. March & April, 86. 

No. 17.—History of a Bird-Box; Tree Sparrow; 
Nests of the Green Heron; Bird Notes from 
Iowa; A Difficult Climb after a Red-tailed 
Hawk’s Nest; Review of the Check-Lists of 
N. A. Birds, with special Reference to the 
new A. O. U. List (8 pages); The State of 
Maine asa Pield for the Ornith@logist; 16 
short articles. May & June, ’86. 

No. 18:—My first White Crane’s Nest; Spring 
Notes; Notes from Chester County, Pa.; 
Turkey Buzzards; How to Make a Cabinet; 
Chewink Nests in a Tree; A Cabinet fora 
large Collection; 13shortarticles. Jy.&4Aug.,’86 

No. 19.—Collecting on Long Island; Chimney. 
Swift; A Day with the Loons; lilinois Bird- 

‘Notes; Marsh Wrens; A Plucky Wood Pewee; 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Boh 


2 


Yates County (N. Y.) 
Notes; 8 short articles. Sept. to Nov., ’86. 

No. 20.—Completes Volume iil. 'Title pages for 
binding, with complete and exh austive Index 
of Volumes II. and III. Dec., ’86. 

VOLUME IV. Each issue averages 12 pages. 

No. 21.—Birds of Chester County, Fenn. (10 
pages); Chestnut-sided Warbler; Massachu- 
setts Letter; Bills of Birds; 3 short articles. 

No. 22.—Notes from Spoon River Region, Illi- 
nois; Peculiarities of the Ruby-throated 
Hummingbird; Purpie Gallinule; How to 
Collect; Bird Surgery; Rufous-vented and 
Bendire’s Thrashers and Canon Towhee; 
Newsy Items; Notes from Coilege Hill, Ohio; 
Nesting of our Swallows; Notes from Sulli- 
van OCo., Y.; Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher; 
Notes from Connecticut; Fidelity of the Song 
Sparrow; 13short articles. March to May,’87. 

Nos. 28-24. Combined number,—Tour in the 
Woods at Fort Washington, Pa.; National 
Museum (Department of Birds, Nest and 
Eggs); Beaver County, Pa. Notes; Black- 
capped Chickadee; Hawking: Agassiz ASSO- 
ciation and its Work; Crow Roosts of New 
Jersey; Swainson’s, Warbler; Destroy the 
Cowbird; Traill’s and Acadian Flycatchers; % 
short articles. June to Sept., 87. : 

Nos. 25-26. Combined number,—Gannet; White 
Pelican; Black-capped Chickadee, Mocking- 
bird; Late Collecting; Yellow-breasted Fly- 
catcher: 5 short articles. Oct. to Dec., ’87. 

VOLUME V. 16 pages each issue. ; 

No. 27.—Brown ‘I'hrasher; Bald Eagle; Shoot- 
ing a Golden Eagle; Florida Jottings: De- 
structive Nesting (English Sparrow) ; Arctic 

. Terns; Notes from Lincoln County, Maine: 
Acadian Flycatcher; Red-shafted Flicker, 14 

@short articles. Jan., ’88. } 

No. 28.—Title pages for binding, with complete 
and exhaustive Index of Volume IV.; Egg of 
Apyornis Maximus, the Colossal Bird of Mad- 
agascar (6% pages); Fish Crow. Feb., *88. 

No. 29.—Icterus spurius; Water Blowpipe; 
Cardinal Grosbeak; Kansas Notes; A Moon- 
light Trip; Among the Coots on St. Clair 
Flats; Brown Thrush in Confinement; 9 short 

“ articles. March, ’88. : 

No. 30.—Boat-tailead Grackle: Destruction of 
our Native Birds (4 pages); Gleanings from 
Correspondence: Nest in a Horseshoe; 5 short 
articles. April, ’88. 

Wo. 31.—Oology (Advice to Collectors); Bald 
Eagle; A Snipe Hunt; Notes taken at Norris- 
town, Pa.; Nidification of [ctinea mississippt- 
ensis; Among the Warblers; Chestnut-sided 

- Warbler: 6 short articles. May, ’88. 

No. 32.—Family .Rallidae in Michigan (8% 
‘~pages); Egg Collecting; Bird Voices; Road 
Runner: Notes on the Birds of Beaver, Pa.; 3 
short articles. June, ’88. 

No. s.—Loon or Great Northern Diver (2 
pages); Eggs of Mississippi Kite; Nesting of 
Prown Pelican; Breeding Habits of American 
Flamingo (3 pages); 3 short articles. July,’88. 

Nos. 24-35. Combined nnumber,—Reminiscences 
of 1886; Trip to Seven Mile‘Beach,; Defense of 
birus; Hieiu Work in Waukesha Co., Wiscon- 

y sin; Great Auk; Arkansas Notes; Black 
Snowbird; Notes for Collectors; Some of our 
Falconidae; Jim (A Tame Crow); Buffalo 
International Fair; 8 short articles. Aug.,Sep. 

Nos. 36-37. Combined number,—American Os- 
preys A Day with the Gulls; Florida Notes; 
A Plea forthe English Sparrow; Useful Con- 
trivances; Game Laws; Notes from Lake 
County, Ohio; South Carolina Notes; A 
Pleasant Excursion; Sp%rrows and Cat; Her- 
mit Thrush; Western House Wren; A Few 
Words to Observers; Flying Squirrels Occu- 
pying Birds’ Nests ; 15 short articles.Oct., Nov. 

fo. 38.—Ostrich Farming ; An Afterneon’s Col- 
lecting Trip; California Notes; Notes from 
St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.; Bird-Arrivals-in N. 


Minnesota Notes; 


. 


E. Indiana; Bank Swallow ; Faunal Changes, 
—DeKalb Co.. Indiana; Audubon Monument ; 
10 short articles. Dec., ’88 

VOLUME VI. 20 pages each issue. 


No. 39.—Title pages for binding, with Complete 


and Exhaustive Index of Volume V.; Breed- 
ing Habits of the Bridled Tern ; Wood Thrush 
and Brown Thrasher; From Western North 
Carolina; Birds of Broome Co., N. Y.; Pecul- 
iar Egg of Corvus frugivorus,; Cuckoos: Notes 
from Alabama; Carolina Parakeet; 12 short 
articles. Jan., ’89. ; 

No. 40.—A Red-headed Family (Picidae) (6% 
pages); Raptores of Michigan; Wild Turkey ; 
Birds of lowa; The ‘Critic’? Criticised; $ 
short articles. @ Feb., ’89. 

No. 41.—Directions for making a Bird or Mam- 
mal Skin: The Owl; A Crow Quandary; 
Birds of Macon County, Ga. ; Collecting Ex- 
perience; Story of a Tame Crow; 6 short 
articles. March, ’89. 

No. 42.—Raptores of Michigan (8 pages) ; Nest- 
ing of the Tufted Tit; Peculiarities in Sets 
and Eggs of a Few of our Commoner Birds ; 
Difference between White-rumped and Log- 
gerhead Shrikes; Birds of Grafton Co., N. 
H.; Sample Pages of Davie’s New Check- 
List: 6 short articles. April, 89. 

No. 43.—Avi-Fauna of Orleans County, N. Y. 
(6% pages); The Robin; The Crow in the 
North; Bald Eagle’s Nest: Making Bird 
Skins; 3 short articles. May, ’89. 

No. 44.—Birds of Matthews co., Va.; Changes 
in the Nesting of Birds; Collecting Tour in 
Florida; Nesting of Pygmy Owl; Difference 
between White-rumped and Loggerhead 
Shrikes: Black-billed Cuckoo in Dakota; 
Datas; Nest of Marsh Hawk; 4 short articles. 

No. 45.—Michigan Notes (4% pages) ; Arkansas 
Notes: Goldfinch in Confinement: Burrowing 
Owl: Our Reply; Gleanings from Correspond- 
ents; 5 short articles. July, 89. 

No. 46.—Notes from Hillsborough Co., Florida 
(2 pages) : Shore Lark in Canada; Can Quails 
be Domesticated?; Red-tailed- Hawk : Untime- 
ly End of a Set of Brown-headed Nuthatch 
Eggs; Broad-winged Hawk and Black-capped 
Chickadee; Gleanings from Correspondents ; 
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz 
Association: 4 short articles. Aug., ’89. 

No. 47.—'‘Old Abe” Jr.: A Day’s Collecting 
Trip; Bell’s Vireo; Black Tern; Yellow- 
rumped Warbler; An Automatic Blower, 
Flight of Ducks; White-esed or Florida Tow- 
hee; Pygmy Owl; Cooper’s Hawk; 10 short 
articles. Sept., ’89. 

No. 48.—Winter Birds of Kalamazoo County, 
Mich.  @% spages)>; Amrerican ‘Gong-eared 
Owl; Wood Ibis in Illinois; Birds of Bertie 
Co., N. C.; Collecting in Western Florida: A 
White Sparrow: Nests and Eggs of North 
American Birds; Black Tern; 8 short articles. 

No. 49.—Thick-billed Grebe; Birds’ Nests; Yel- 
low-billed Cuckoo; Mechanical Egg Drill; 
Birds Moving their eggs ; Cardinal Grosbeak : 
To Pack Eggs for Transportation; Disposal 
of Duplicate Specimens; Complete List of 
the Birds of North America arranged accord: 
ing to the A. O. U. Check-List (6 pages) ;5 
short articles. Nov., ’89. 

No. 50.—Birds of Niagara County, N. Y.; Shore 
Lark; Incidents in Bird Life; Gleanings from 
our Correspondence; Marsh Hawk; Yellow- 
headed Blackbird; Northern Phaiarope; 1? 
short articles. Dec., ’89. 

VOLUME VII. 

No. 51.—Title pages for binding, with Complete 
and Exhaustive Index of Volume VI.; Notes 
on Florida Birds (8 pages) ; Ornithology ana@ 
Bicycling: Audubon Ornithological Club; 
Florida Field Notes; Trip to Devil’s Glen; 
Simple Contrivance ; Capture of a Trumpeter 
Swan; 4short articles. Jawm., ’90. 

No. 523.—Breeding of the Brown-headed Nut- 


THE OOLOGIST. 187 


hatch; Prairie Horned Lark; Collecting Ex- 
perience ; Snowy Owl; Nest of the Texan Bob- 
white; Unusual Nesting of the Downy Wood- 
pecker; Evening Grosbeak; Blue-Gray Gnat- 
catcher and Tufted Tit: 6 short articles. Feb. 


No* 53.—Summer Residents of Buena Vista 
County, Iowa; In the Woods of Florida; 
Birds of Mackinac Island, Mich.; Among the 
Gulis on Isle Royale ; Sandhill Crane; Even- 
ing Grosbeak; Ruby-crowned -Kinglet; Cac- 
tus Wren; Screech Ow! in Captivity ; Taking 
Birds’ Nests; 11 short articles. March, ’90. 


No. 54.—Caged Eagles: Evening Grosbeak (2 
pages); Solitary Sandpiper; Summer Reda- 
bird; Notes from Rochester, Mich. ; Family 
Rallidae in Minnesota; Downy Woodpecker ; 
Hardly Ornithological! ; 10 short articles. Apr. 


No. 55.—Do Birds Mate More than Once?; 
Habits of the Evening Grosbeak; Pileated 
Woodpecker in Florida: Bird Protection; 
Chimese or Mongolian Pheasant in Oregon; 
Prairie Warbler; Winter Birds in Spring; A 
Valuable Work: Davie’s New Work on Taxi- 
dermy ; 12 short articles. May, 90. 


Wo. 56.—Nesting habits of the American Oyster- 
catcher; Prairie Horned Lark ; Saw-Whet or 
Acadian Owl; Pine Warbler; Bluebird; Albi- 
nos; Pileated Woodpecker in Mahoning 
County. Ohio; Belligerent Neighbors. Re- 
cording the number of Birds Observed : Book 
Review ; Prospectus of the Worcester Natural 
History Camp (4% pages) ; 12 short articles. Je. 


No. 47.—American Crossbill; Crested Grebe: 
Voracious Mountain Trout; Yellow-billed 
Cuckoo; Long-tailed Chickadee; Rough- 
winged Swallow; Great Horned Ow]; Some 
Unusual Happenings: Pallas’ Cormorant; 
Eggs of Audubon’s Warbler; 12 short articles. 


No. 58.—The UCaprimulgidae in Arkansas: 
White-bellied Nuthatch; Strange Co-habita- 
tion: Variation in the Eggs of Habia ludovici- 
ana; King Rail in Minnesota; 8 short arti- 
cles. Aug., ’90. 


No. 59.—The Use of the Camera in the Field: 
Saw-Whet or Acadian Owl; Nesting of the 
Black Snowbird: Marsh Hawk, Plain Tit- 
mouse: Lost Opportunities: The Magnolia 
Warbler; Wilson's Plover at Home; $ short 
articles. Sept., 90. 


No. 60.—The Use of the Camera in the Field. 
A study of nests (6% pages, illustrated with 4 
photo engravings); The Flathead (Montana) 
Field; The Owls of San Bernardino Valley; A 
Collecting Adventure; The Ruby-throated 
Hummingbird: Ornithologists at Indian- 
apolis; The Burrowing Owl: After ‘Gators’ 


Eggs; Notes from Northern Minnesota. 
Oct, 90. 
No. 61.—The Ruby-throated Hummingbird 


(Fairies in a Fairyland) (8% pages); Notes 
from Travis Co., Texas; A Week to Mt. Ham- 
ilton; Great Horned Owl; Strange Co-habita- 
tion; Brewer’s Blackbird; Nesting of Con- 
topus borealis in Maine, A Letter from Oliver 
Davie Relating to his New Work on Taxi- 
dermy; Notes on Ardea herodias; The Pro- 
thonotary Warbler; Nesting of the Virginia 
Rail; The Yellow Rai] in Mich.; An Outline 
of the More Valuable Articles Appearing in 
the YOUNG OOLOGIST (3 pages) ; 7 short arti- 
cles. Nov.,’90. = 


No. 62.—The Rusty Blackbird; Notes from 
Ohio; Evening Grosbeak in New Hampshire; 
The Cala. Partridge or Valley Quail; Nothing 
at All—a Poem; Case for Instruments; Notes 
rout eae Lake. Florida; 3 short articles. 

ec.. 90. 


VOLUME VIII. No. 68 contains 24 pages. 

No. 64, 32 pages. No, 66-67, 36/pages incindiug 

cover. The balance, 20 pages, including covers 

Ne 74 also contains an additional 4 page in- 

set. 

No. 68.—A Day Among the Fish Hawks: The 
Marsh Wrens of Hudsor Co., N. J.: Now,— 
The Time to Wage War on the English Spar- 
row; Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker in 
Kalamazoo Co., Mich.; American Sparrow 
Hawk; Anna's Hummingbird; Was it a Cow- 
Bird’s nest; Florida Red-shouldered Hawk; 
On Owl’s Tenacity to Life; Western Horned 
Owl; Albino Eggs; An Afternoon with the 
Birds: A “Good Enough” Way to Blow Egg; 
Meeting of the A. O. U.; Expert Taxidermy; 
5 short articles. Jan. ’91, 

No. 64.—Flycatcher Notes; Collecting in the 
Marsh; House Finch; The Barred Owl; Yel- 
low-breasted Chat: Anna’s Hummingbird; 
Birds North of Their Usual Range; Egg Col- 
lecting—The Two Classes; A Perfect Collect- 
ino; Texas Notes; Nesting of Spinus pinus in 
the Northwest. Title pages for binding with 
complete and exhaustive index for Vol. vii. 
4 short articles. Feb. ’91. 

No. 65.—A New Year’s Soliloquy; Water Ouzel; 
An Ornithological Paradise; ‘‘The English 
Sparrow Must Go’’; Fond Mothers: Passen- 
ger Pigeon; The OOLOGIST; Caracara or Mex- 
ican Eagle; The Cooper’s Hawk; Some Early 
Birds of Linn Co., Oregon; Broad-winged 
Hawk; The Extinction of Our Birds. Mar.’91 

No. 68-67.— Combined Number.—A List of the- 
Birds of Elgin Co., Ont.—(6% pages); Ran- 
dom Notes onthe Belted King-fisher; The - 
English Sparrow! A Few Articles for the 
Collector; Screech Owl; Western Meadow 
Lark; Hermit Thrush; Aves urbis, A Much 
Occupied Nest! The Whip-poor-will; Nesting 
of the Red-tailed Hawk; Cooper’s Hawk: The 
Eagles of North America; Nesting of the 
Black-capped Chickadee in Kalamazoo Co., 
Mich.; Nesting of the Purple Finch; The Red 
eyed Vireo; Bird Life of an Islet; Migration 
of the Canada Goose; Association of Ameri- 
can Ornithologists; Notes on the Wright’s 
Flycatcher: 3 short articles. Apr. and May '91. 

No. 68.—The Hummingbirds of California; 
Ring Pheasant; The Carolina Wren; Ameri- 
can Dipper; A Trip to Pelican Island; Michi- 

an Ornithology: A Duty to Perform: Great 

orned Owl; Enemies of Our Feathered 
Friends; Queer. Neighbors; Bird Migration. 
June '91. 

No. 69.—Some Florida Notes; The New Era in 
Ornithology; The Amusing Antics of a Pair 
of Brown Thrashers; The Chewink in Or- 
leans County: The Yellow-billed and Black- 
billed Cuckoos; Chenecs in ’Michigan Qrni- 
thology; My First Nighthawk’s Nest; The 
Wrens of North Carolina: What causes the 
Quick Notes of the Whip-poor-will; A Better 

eport from Texas; Items of Interest from 
Florida; The American Osprey; Nesting of 
the Chestnut-backed Chickadee. July. 91. 

No. 70,—The Story of a Flood; Feeding the 
Birds in Winter; Nest and Eggs of the Ru- 
fous Hummingbird; The Chewink in Broome 
Co., N. Y¥.;,The Carolina Wren Again; A Trip 
to Smith's Island; More About the Iowa Ha- 
gles; Some Notes on the Breeding of the Car- 
Olina Snow-bird:; Black and White Creepers; 
Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk; Danger 
in using Arsenical Soap; Interesting Notes 
from Oregon; Answers to that Turkey Vul- 
ure Query; ‘‘Meadow Larks and Turkey Buz- 
zards; Seaside School of Biology; World's 
Fair Notes. Aug. ‘91. 

No. 71.—The Black and White Creeping War- 
bler; An Indiana Herony; The English spar- 
row in Bay City,°Mich; Michigan Notes; 
Gambel’s White-crowned Sparrow; A Ram- 


188 THE OOLOGIS?. 


bling Mixture from Cornecticut: Henslows 
Sparrow: A Few Notes on Ornithology and 
Orni' hologists;The Ruby-throated Humming- 
bird; Of Interest to Oojogists; How I Found 
a Killdeer’s Nest:Range of the Towhee; Owls 
as Péts: Michigan Notes; A Rose-breasted 
Grosbeak Widower;.5 short arts Sept. °91. 

No. 72.—Vhe Scree h Owl: The Divers: In Fa- 
vor of an Organization: What is the Most 
Nerthein Latitude in Which the Chewink 
Breeds: Notes at Random; Ornithologists 
Association; Harlan’s. Buzzard and whe Red- 
tail; An April’s Outing; Eggs of the Sharpe's 
Seed-eater; Shall We have a General Associ- 
ation of Scientists: A Trip to Cobb’s Island; 
One of Indiana’s New Laws; -‘Bird Nesting in 
Northwest Canada.” ‘fremde Hireim Nest.” 
5 short articles. Oct. *91 

No. 73.—The Great Carolina Wren; A Timely 
Letter: Western Robin: Western New York 
Naturalist’s Association: The Scissor-tailed 
Flycatcher; California Thrasher: Ornitholo- 
gist Association; Albino Birds; Chewink or 

~ “Chewee’’; “Our Birds in Their Haunts’; 
The Lark Bunting; List of Birds Found 
Breeding in the Vicinity of Peoria Ills; 

- World's Fair Notes; Relics by the Wagon 
Load. Nov. ’91 

No. 74.—The Sharp shinned Hawk; A Wktite 
Crow; The Pileated Woodpecker; Russet- 
packed Thrush; How Dr. M. Keeps His Oolo- 
gical Treasures; Thanksgiving Notes from 
the Far West; The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in 
Arkansas; Shall We Organize; Bird Nesting 
in November: Frauds; A Further Contribu- 
tion to the Chewink Controversy; One Day’s 
Tramp; The Nest of the Chestnut-sided War- 
bler: The Gulls; The Carolina Parrot: Bar- 
tram’s Sandpiper; The Horned Grebe; 
World’s Fair Notes. This number also con- 


tains a 4-page inset of Nuttal’s Ornithology. 


Dec. ’91. 

“VOLUME Ix. 

No. 75—Bird Nesting in North-west Canada; 
Two Birds of Western Kansas; Ornitholo- 
gists Association; Western New York Natur- 
alists Association; The Blue Grosbeak; 
Maryland Yellow-throat: Chewink; The 
Kronzed Grackle. Prizes for Best Articles; 
Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More than 
Once; Old Recollections; Summer Tanager; 
“The Way of the Vransgressor is Hard”’;*‘Our 
Birds in heir Haunts.”’- 5 short articles, this 
No. a'so contains a plate in two colors of 
Long Lake and Nests of Canvas-back and 
Yellow-headed Blackbird. Jan. 92. 

No. %6—Title pages for binding with complete 
and exhaustive index for Vol. VIII Zootomy 
—The Domestic Pigeon (Illustrated); Yellow 
Warbler; Black-throated Bunting; Four 
Birds of Oregon: My Trays; Pileated Wood- 
pecker; Notes on Albinoes; A Day’s Trip for 
Bald Bagle Nests in Florida; Partridges and 
Their felatives; Notes on Some Peculiar 
Begs; Collecting on the Farallone Island; 
Our Winter Visitors; 3 short articles. Feb- 

* ruary 792. 

No..77-A Pair of Screech Owls at Home (an 
engraved Frontispiece) Zootomy—The Dom- 
estic Pigeon; Incessancy of the Yellow Wavrb- 
ler’sSone: Some of Our Thrushes: The Spec- 
imens [I Didn't Get; Notes from South-west- 
ern Ohio; A Day with the Ducks; A Trip 
Through ‘“Wa-h'o Hammock; A True Nat- 
uralist; The Crow; Around Omaha; Early 
Nesting of the Great Horned Owl; A Trait of 
the Carolina Wren; Visiting a Bald Eagle’s 
Nest in Virginia; The Vireos of Connecticut ; 
The Crossbill in Towa: Notes from the Vir- 
ginia Coast; An Hour with the Water Birds; 
Holf-a-dozen short articies,notes, etc. March 
92. 

No. 78.—Sharp-shinned Hawk (Half-tone en- 
graving); Lanius Boreal’son Deck; A Vaca- 


tion with the Birds; The Ibis of Ledwortly 
Lake; Notes on the Whip-poor-will; The 
Black Pailin Franklin Co., Kans.; Albino 
Beggs of the Long-billed Marsh Wren; Notes 
from Nova Scotia: Scientific Names. Their 
Use and l-eauty; Pointers on Making Bird 
Skins; Collecting onan European Islet: The 
Great Gray Owl; Collecting and Collectors; 
A Collecting Trip; Zootomy. The Domestic 
Pigeon; Prepare Your Specimens Well; 
Eleven shcrt arucles. April ’92. 

No. 79.—A- anthis Linaria: Bird Notes from Or- 
egon; The Woodpeckers; Phainopepla or 
Black-crested Flycatcher; After Golden Hag- 
les: Among the “Blue-grays”’; Treatment of 
Cases of Ivy Poison; A Trip after Beach 
Birds; Some of Our Louisiana Birds; A Step 
in the Right Direction; A Winter Acquain- 
tance; Are Crows Beneficial?: Spring Open- 
ers; The Wood Ibis; The Yellow Warbler’s 
Song; Wilson's Snipe: Notes from Southern 
Wisconsin; Eleven short articles. May °92. 

No. 80. A Taxidermist’s Camp: (engraved 
Frontispiece): The Purple Finch ; South Dak- 
ota Notes; Some of Our Visitors and Neigh- 
bors; The Black Vulture in Orleans Co.; A 
Day’s Collecting in California; The Turkey 
Vulture; The Purple Finch in Broome Co.. 
N. Y.: Two rare nests: The Chestnut-sided 
Warbler; Six short articles. June 92. 

No. 81.—A Quawk town; The Hairy Wood- 
pecker: Birds found Breeding in Bertie Co., 
No. Car.: California Bush-Tit: Nighthawks 
in Binghampton, N. Y.; Sitta Canadensis in 
Montana; A Few Notes on the Red-tailed 
Hawk; The Hummingbird in So. Car.; Five 
short articles. July °92. 

No. 82 —Collecting on Cobb’s Island: Va; The 
Ashy Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa) on 
the Farrallones; After the Yellow-billed Mag- 
pie; An Oological Trip in Central I)linois; 
Jowa Notes: The Chicadee in Rutland Co,, 
Vt; The Long-eared Owl; 5 short articles 
August 792. 

No.&3.— The Breeding Warblers of Western New 
York; A ‘Tramp Through Wood and Marshes 
in Hastern Iowa; Acadian Flycatcher; the 
Prothonotary Warbler; Notes from Bexar 
Co. Tex; How I Spent Easter Sunday; A Cali- 
fornia Collecting Ground; Past Remin- 
iscences: Six short articles. Sept. 92. 

No. 8&4. The History and Mystery of Jacob 
Potter Jr.; A Day inthe Field; The Genus 
Thryothorus; The Californian Bush-Tit; A 
Ramble in May; Among the Hummingbi'ds; 
A Collecting Expedition; Five short articles. 
Oct..°92.& 

No. 85.—Osteology for Amatuers: Buzzard 
Island; Winter Visitors: The Chestnut-collar- 
ed Longspur; Fringilladae in Newton, Mid- 
dlesex County, Mass.; The Birds in Bush 
Fields in Summer; Some Trips for Hawks 
HKeggs. November ’92: 

No. 86.—‘ Cut of Eggs of California’ Murre?’; 
Professional Egging; or the Collecting - of 
Murre’s Eggs In California; A Collection of 
North Carolina Birds Eggs: Feport of West- 
ern New York Naturalists Association; Two 
Western Birds; The Fascination of Oology; 
To the Ornithologists of Ilinois; Cerulean 
Warbler. December °92: 


‘No. 87 —A Field Naturalists Outfit; Tne Gold- 


en Swamp Warbler; Bird Nesting in an 
Illinois Swamp; Birds as Pets (One Way of 
Taming Them); The Osprey in Florida and 
Other Notes; Notes from Isabella Co. Mich; 
The Birds Which Breed in Central Park, New 
York City; Two Warblers; A Collection of 
North Carolina Birds Eggs; Wanted—Advice; 
Two short articles. January 793. 

No. 88.—The American Osprey; A summer 
Ramble; Some Sparrows in Minnesota; Col- 
lecting in Chicago; Scientific Osteology for 
Amateurs; A Collection of North Carolina 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Birds Eggs; The Sooty Grouse; California 
Vulture; A Lucky Day; Winter Collecting or 
Something avout Owls; The Sagacity of Fish 
Hawks; American Gashawk in [llinois; The 
Yeleow Palm Warbler; Collecting Black Vul- 
tures Hees; Twenty-one Snort Notes. Feb- 
ruary °93. 

No. dv.—Cuat and Cliff Swallow; The Herons of 
Michigan; The Winter Visitors of Central 
Paak, N. Y.; Another Day, with the Birds of 
Southern Calitornia; The Loggerhead Shrike 
of Florida; How to Prepare a Bird Skin; A 
Trick of the Crow; Notes on Cathartes Aura; 
The American Bittern; The Barred Owl; 
Hints on Skinning and Mounting Birds; 
Great Horned Owl in Iowa; Four short 
articles. 

No 9J0.—The Raptores of Michigan; A Collectors 
Gun; The Rough-winged Swallow; A Criti- 
cism; Nesting of the Blue-wingsd Yellow 
Warbler; Scenes From the Life vf Alexander 
Wilson; Queer Myths About Birds; Band- 
tailed Pigeun; Caspian or Imve1ial Tern; A 
Yricolored Blackbird; Another Califoruia 
Trip; Illinois River Valley from an Ornitho- 
logi¢al Standpoint; ‘Tribulatons of the 
Oologists (voetry) Two short Notes. April 
93 


No. 91.—On the Habits of; the California Q 1ail 
in New Zealand; Courtesy and Business in 
Exchanging; The Rap ores of O:;naha and 
Vicinity; A Few Hints on Camping; Short- 
billed Marsh Wren; The Prairie Horned uark ; 
Plumage; Canadian Birds; Scenes from the 
Life of Alexander Wilson; Among the Soake 
Birds; Trinominal Nomenclature; ,Fifcteen 
short articles. May 793. 


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many times the price. Address 


BF. H. LATTIN & CO, 
Albion, N. Y. 


Eureka Silver Plating Com- 
pound. 


NOTHING LIKE IT! SOMETHING 
ENTIRELY NEW! 


Will make old silver instruments or silver- 
ware of any kind look like new. Plates brass or 
copper and no battery needed. Now is the time 
to make your brass instruments look like Solid: 
Silver. Sample prepaid 10 cents. Agents want- 
ed. Address F.C. HUBBARD. Lock Box 164, 
Geneva, Ohio. 


Davie’s Nests and Eggs 


OF. 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS, 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with ag 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc. by 
heodore Jasper, A. M., M.D., 
and W. Otto Emerson. 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and 
of the Land and Water Birds of North Ame 
which includes all the species known to exist— 
those that occur or are indigenous north of the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. 

The breeding range of each species is given, 
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs 
laid, their color and size together with the chief 
characteristics of the birds. 

The arrangement of the work is according to 
che new nomenclature of the A. O. U. Code and 
Check List, and the old numbers (eid eerar 
as used in former editions, are placed te the 
right of each species. Throughout the text all 
the common names ofthe birds are to be found, 
and & COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX of these ig 

ven. 
es invaluable book as an aid for the fdentifl- 
pawn of specimens to all those collecting in the 

ele. 

The work consists of 475 pages and 13 full page 
Olustrations. 


Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth, $1.75¢ 
F. H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, NVY. 


190 


THE OOLOGIST. 


NEW AND SECOND-HAND BOOKS. 


We have several hundred volumes of desirable works either new or as ‘good as 
mew,” unless otherwise nected, at least as far as the text is concerned, which 


we shall offer from time to time at greatly reduced rates. 


Of many we have only 


a single copy—hence the importance of sending your order early and naming 


second choice. 


Most of the books offered this month are well illustrated. 


We give size and number of pages, owr price and the amount necessary to add 
to the same if you desire the books you order sent by mail or express. prepaid. 
Address, F. H. LAVLIN & CO., Albion. N.Y. 


Principles of Zoology, Agassiz & Gould, 
74 by 5in., pp. 248. Price 50 ets., 
postage 9 cts. 

Our Birds iu Their Haunts, Langille, 8 
by 6, pp. 617, good as new.  Pub- 
lished at $8, our price $1.75, post- 
age 20 cts. 

First Book on Geology, Shaler, 7x5, pp. 
255, new. Pub. at $1.10, Our price 
80 cts, postage 8 cts. 

Stories About Birds, M. & E. Kirby, 84 
+64, pp. 296. Price $1, postage J7c. 

Bufton’s Natural mistory, 5x4, pp. 252, 
colored illustrations. Price 40c., 
postage oc. 

Tabies tor the Determination of Com- 
mon Minerals, %x6, pp. 82, new. 
Price 9Uc., postage 8e. 

Family Aquarium, Henry D. Butler, 7 
XO, pp. 121, new. Price 60c., post- 
age 6c. 

First Steps in Scientific Knowledge, 3 
parts—Plants, Stones and Rocks, 
Paul Bert, 64x44, pp. 70. Price 
40c., postage dc. 

Geological Sketches, Louis Agassiz, 7x 
43, pp. 229, 2 vols. Pub. at $3, our 
price $2, postage 8c. 

Up and Down the Brooks. 
Bamtord, 6x4, pp. 222, new. 
65c., postage dc. 

The Art of Angling, Wakeman Holbert- 
on, 6x4, pp. 96. Price 40¢, post- 
age 4e. 

Patterson's Zoology, Robert Patterson, 
7x44, pp. 483. Price 75c¢, postage 
10¢. 

Primer of Scientific Knowledge, Paul 
Bert, 64x43, pp. 186, new. Price 
49¢., puslage ve. 

Gray’s Structural and Systematic Bot- 
any, Asa Gray, 8¢x54, pp. 605. Pub. 
at $2.75,0our price $1.70, postage 18c. 

On Natural Selection, Alfred Russell 
Wallace, 7345, pp. 375. Price 90e., 
postage 10c. 

‘The Lraustormation of Insects, Dr. 
Dunean, 92x64, pp. 480. Hundreds 
of illustrations, a very fine work. 
Pub. at $5, our price $3, postage 25c. 

Gray's Manual of Botany, 84x04, pp. 


Marv E,. 
Price 


600. Pub. at $2.25, our price $1.60, 
postage 15e. 

The Fishing Tourist, Chas. Hallock, 84 
xd4, pp. 240. Price $1.25, postage 
WAG. 

Mountain Scouting, E. S. Farrow, illus- 
trated, 74x54, pp. 250. Price $0c., 
postage Ye. 

Boys Own Natural History, J.G. Wood, 
7x5, pp. 875. Price 40c., postage 10c 

N. Y. State Cabinet of Natural History, 
9x6, pp. 188, State edition, 26 color- 
ed plates, 87 illustrations. Price 
$2.50, postage 12¢. 

Insects at Home, J. G. Wood, 93x6 pp 
(58. Pub. at $8.50, our price $2 
postage 30c. 

Goldvsmith’s Natural History, leather 
bound, 2 vols. in one, Oliver Gold- 
smith 8x5, pp. 810. Prive $1.50, 
postage 20c. 

First Book in Botany and Second Book 
in Botany, E. A. Youmans. New 
and enlarged edition, 2UUpp. in 
each, 7x5. Price each 65¢., postage 
each 8ce. 

Birds Through’ an Opera Glass, Flor- 
ence A. Merriam, 7xd, pp. 225, new. 
Price 65c., postage 7c. 

The Geological Story Brietly Told, Jas. 
D. Dana, 7x5, pp. 268. Price: $i, 
postage Ye. 

Practical Zoology, B. P. Colton, 7x65, 
pp. 185, new. Price 75c., postage 7¢. 

The Great Industries of the U.S., J. b. 
Burr & Hyde, 9x6, 13804pp.illustrat- 
ed. Price $1.50, postage svc. 

Elements ot Natural History, W.S. W. 
Ruschenberger, 8 vols. iu ¥. 74x44, 
Vol. 1 576pp., Voi. 2 626pp. Coveis 
Zoology, Botany and Geology. 
Price $2, postage .0c. 

Ornithology of New York, DeKay, very 
rure, 4x , 880pp., 141 plates, ou 
finely colored figures; needs rebind- 
ing and name is written under each 
species, otherwise iu good condition, 
Prepaid $14.00. 

Geological Report Upon Exploration of 
the Colorado River of the West, 
Powell, 1i4x¥, pp. 191. In three 


THE OOLOGIST. 


parts all in one volume. Part 1, 
History of the Explorations of the 
Canons of the Colorado. Part 2, 
‘Physical Features on the Valley of 
the Colorado. Part 3, Zoology, by 
E. Coues. Price $3, postage 40c. 
Geology of Iowa, 1870, Chas. A. White, 


2 vols., each 10x74. 385pp. per 
volume, finely illustrated. Price 
per vol. $3, postage each 25c. 

U. S. Geological Survey, °85-’86, 7th 


Annual Report, Powell, 114x8, 656 
pp. Price $3, postage 55c. 

U.S. Geological Survey, 81-82, 8d An- 
nual Report, 12x9, 560pp. Price, 
$3, postage 55c. 

U.S. Geological Report, ‘86-87, 475pp., 
Powell, 8th Annual Report, 2 vols. 
Price $5, postage 90e. 

U.S. Geological Report, West of 100 
Meridian. Lieut. G.M. Wheeler & 
Corps, Vol. 6, Botany Rothrock, 
424pp , 31 plates, 189 illustrations, 
"78. Price $5, postage 50ce. 

Stansbury Report on Salt Lake, pp. 470, 
9x6. Price $1.25, postage 16c. 

Geological Survey of Penna, 100 vols. 
$35 by Express or Freight. 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees. Manufacturers, etc., 
are daily requesting us to supply t'.e addresses 
ot reliable circular d:stributors, bill posters, 
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous. and will 
open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to one man. woman 
or youth in every town and hamletin the U. 8s. 
and Canada. ‘The early bird catches the 
worm.’ Wewantafew such ais. as Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD 

PEt RUN Nails up signs, distributes circul- 

ars, papers. samples. etc , through- 
out Bl.ckhawk and surrounding counties 
wy only $3.00 per 1000. Address W.H.BRUNN, 
Waterloo, Ia. 

Brunn paid $2. 40 to insert above 4 lines, June 
90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con- 
constantly busy, emplo\s three men to assist 
him, clearing on their labor from 10 to $15 a 
day distributing circulars at $5.00 per 1000 for 
many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. 
It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone 
to mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each tirm 
who employ you of $7 }:er 1000. Ten firms muy 
each send you 1000 at the same time, making 
1000 packages of 10 each. for distributing which 
you would promptly receive $30, $15 in advance 
and $15 when work is done. Parents make 
your boys a p:esent. Start them in this growing 
business. Begin this neat bus ness before 
some one in your county gets the start of you. 
“Come inon the ground floor.” Instructions 
How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each 
distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or 
postage stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad’’. 

AGENTS HERALD, 
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’,’Pa. 


191 


Climbing Irons. 


(- There is 
Svarcely a month 
yu the year but 
what a pair ob 
rood Climbing 
rons comes handy 
Do not let a low price lure 
you into purchasing an inter- 
lor article. very time you 
vse a cheap pair of irons, it is 
well to renicmber, that the 
visk you run is a hundred- 
fold greater than with a reli- 
able pair. Our irons are the 
vest made and are manufact 
ured from the best and 
strongest material obtainable 
the straps are wide and made 
tiem the very best of leather. 
Our climbers are the 
eusiesl, safest and most 
durable on the mar 
ket and cannot be 
sold at a living profit 
for less money by any- 
one. 

During the past five years we have 
sold hundreds of pairs of climbers, 
havo sent them to nearly every state 
and territory in the Union and have yet 
to hear of the first dissatisticd purchaser. 

From many testimoniais, we sclect 
the following: 

“The climbers that you sent give entire satisfac 


tion and are well made in every particular.” 
T. V. W., Austin, Ds. 


“Received my climbers all rignt on the 21st of 
fast month. liave deferred writing to you till ~ 
had used them. They are as good a spurasI 
ever tried and I think Iam Saf> in saying that if 
you buy your spurs of Lattin, you yet good ones.” 

J. P. J., Kelton, Pa. 


“All the supples ordered came duly to hand,all 
- K. Am more than pleased with them all, 
The climping irons are just what I wanted; the 
book of Gatas is immense and the Naturalist’s 
Guide fs well worth the price. 1 wish’to complt- 
ment you on your method of packing. The goods 
that I received could hardly have been better 
fixed for transportation. Am more impressed 
with your promptness every time | order; and in 
future, let me say, if there is anything in your 
line that I need, you may be sure that I shalJ 
give you thepreterence.” 

H. C. O., Shelburne Falls, Mass. 


Our prices are as follows: Strapped, 
ready tor use, by express, at purchas: 
er’s expense, $2.50, or prepaid to any 
part of the United States, $3.25. Climb- 
ers without straps by express, $1.50, 
Drepaid, $2.00. 

FRANK H. LATTIN, 
ALBION, N. ¥ 


“ 


192 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Piesented during 18938 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 


THE QOLOGIST. 


Each month during 1893 we shall 
give five prizes.  Phese) prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s V6LOGIST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ ‘Key to North American 


UTTER Bene sels Sa AT gy $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘‘Manual of orth 

AiMenicany bindissens sane oe 7 50 
Chamberlain’s* Nuttal’s Ornithol- 

ogy” (2) MOISE) eas erases 8 00 
Goss’s ‘Birds of Kansas”’ 7 50 


Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)“Amer- 
ican Ormitholo sya onaes ret 7 50 
Maynard’s: Birds of KasternNorth 


America’? (text complete). 15 00 
Washington Irving’s Works, 10 

NROUS Ss paho ES inatare Sorte gegen 7 90 
Wm. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10 

VOUSUUS cease teem ase . 10 00 
Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25 
Jenk’s ‘Compr ehensiveCommen- 

tary of the Holy Bible” 5 

large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographic Books 

amc Rublica tions): setae. 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream ° 

BT@CZel an eee ee eee 6 50 
A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 

a new $46.60 Marlin Repeat- 

avery ASO Uae gd BIRR Oleic 31 50 
A Due-Rill good jor$33 00towards 

a new345.00American Union 

(same as New Home) Sew- 

Thaveoa DY ECHO Bes os ois cele a6) bo 33 00 
A Due-Bill good fors12.00towards 

a new $20 double case Odell 

Eva Ceaari Rewer eerie ae 12 00 


OSes | ° . 
S Prize each month will be a_ part 


ot “Miaynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,” each containing an average 
of 8 plates and. 340 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 


worth at publisher's original price not 
far from $7 50. 
3d Prize—Langille’s “Our Birds in 


Their Haunts”, $3.00 

4th Prize—Brewer’'s “North American 
Odélogy” unbound, no plates, original 
price about $3.00. 

5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- 
ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 


THE KOOLOGIST: 


Each article receiving at least as 
many credits as there are wumber of 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded the 
Oo6LoGgisT for 1893 bound ir cloth and 
Silt 
Each article receiving at least one- 
half as many credits as the number of 
Judges and not winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subserip- 
tion to the O6LOGIST. 

All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which 
is shipped at winner’s expense. 

2» 2s 
You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your de ision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
jater than the first of mex month. 
Write on back of a postal eard the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of OGLOGIst and 
mail to us. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes 
should be awarded. : 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s ‘Birds of 
Eastern North America’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
and 264 pages, sirongly “bound in Head, 
manilla covers and at publisher's orig 
inal price are worth até least 35.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book ‘Smal 
Talk about Business.” 

3d A Combination 

4th An Agate Watch 
sth A Pocket Knife. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
winning ar ticles in theirexact orderand 
not Winning one of the five special 
prizes wew iil give acopy of the “‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue ‘ot North America Birds 
Eggs. 

To each Judge naming the prize- 
Winning articles but not in their exact 
order and not winning one of the five 
special prizes we will - give a copy of 
that elegant new C olumbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 25 cts.). 

All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail 
prepaid. 

Address your decision to 

FRANK H. Latrin, 
Albion, N. Y. 


icroseope. 
Charm. 


RIRARaRA 


Netti TIT itt ttt] 


Monthly. 


VOL. X. 


o¢ . 
pELEELLLLL ELE TET re ore ere reer tte 


NX af 
‘2 
SJ be H ‘ 2) we 
~ A f “Foe, 
3) { (5 ‘5 %, 
7 
Fy | %, 


CESAR ES ESN ES NES (0% i 


ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1893. 


3% 


ves 
Rardka sraRaee 


i 
6 

x é 

2 


s 
- 
& 
RS 
o 


EST ESTER ETL 


feo 


50c. per Year. Sah 


INO 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements. ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50c per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
‘‘DEALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for *‘Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


WANTED to EXCHANGE.—I1st class sets 
and singles for same. Send your list and get 
mine. S.B. CRAYTON. Anderson, S. C. 


WANTED.—Skins A. O. U. No’s 506, 507, 
508, 593, 595, 597, 608, 610. Can offer in exchange 
Begs. Skins and Mounted Birds. NATHAN 
DAVIS, Box 224, Brockport, N. Y. F 


NOTICE.—To exchange, skins, eggs in sets 
and singles, for collecting gun taking 45 Gov- 
ernment shell prefered, 32 or 38 taken also, 
wanted eggsin sets. JESSH HARLUE,Green- 
castle, Ind. 


YOUNG OOLOGIST, Vols. I, IJ. OOLocisr 
Vols. VIII. [IX and X to July. Cash, or exchange 
for back numbers Botanical Gazette. Bull. 
Ton. Bot:Club, ete. Write, G. L. PERRY. Wil- 
mington, Mass. 


TO EXCHANGHE.—Finely prepared sets with 
original data to exchange with reliable collect- 
ors in all loca'ties. Large series to sele*t from. 
J. WARREN JACOBS, Waynesburg, Penn. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Collections of minerals, 
shells, corals, marine and other curiosities, 
Birds nests and a set of taxidermist tools. 
Wanted cash, eggs singles or sets. F. L. SAGH, 
16 Hubbard Ave., Middletown. Ct. d 


TO EXCHANGE.—Davie’s Key. paper, new, 
for best offer of first-class sets received before 
Aug. 1. A. O. U. Nos. 452, 611 especially desired 
Ww. A. LOVETT, Oxford, Mass. 


THAVE3 Common Tern’s eggs, 2 Least, 2 
Killdeer’s and 1 Anna’s Hummer, all to ex- 
change for B. B Magpie, 1-6 with data. j 
STHSPHEN HARWOOD, 938 Calvert St. Balti- 
more, Md. 


CALIFORNIA sets with data to exchange for 
sets of other localities, A. O. U. No’s, 12 1-1, 294 
1-13, 260 2-4. 373¢ 2-3, 4318 n-2, 433 n 2, 458 1-3 1-4 1-5. 
462 1-2 1-3, 464 1-4. 466 3-3 2-4, 476 2-5 3-6 2-7, 499 3-3; 
510 2-5, 519 1-4, 530 2-4 1-5, 567a 1-4, 581d 2-4 4-3, 
591b 1-4 1-3. 596 1-4 3-3, 599 3-3, 612 2-4 1-3, 652 2-4, 
71a 1-7, 77a 1-6, 743a 2-7 1-8. 758 4-4 6-3. Also 
many singles for sets. HARRY R. PAINTON, 
College Park, Cala. 


FOR SALE.—Hawk Eye Camera with black 
leather cover, cost $20.00. roll holder cost $8.00, 


-tripod cost $2.50, developing pans and plates, 


everything in perfect condition, will sell outfit 
complete for $15. PAUL VAN DEUSEN, 2105, 
Tioga St. Phila. ‘ 


PERHAPS THIS WILL INTEREST YOU. 
A fine set of three Royal Tern, with full data. 
for $.53 postpaid. Shrike, Grass Finch and 
Brown Creeper, nicely stuffed for $1 50 or $.56 
each postpaid. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taun- 
ton, Mass. 


I HAVE a fine collection of Birds eggs which 
I will sell cheap to the one writing first. All 
letters answered. Among best are Manx 
Shearwater, Bridled Tern, Flamingo, West. 
Horned Owl, Barred Owl and many others of 
the same value.- There are 228 in all. R. W. 
WILLIAMS, Jr., Box 193 Tallahassee, Fla. 


FOSSILS, Minerals, Shells, Corals, Agates, 
Bound Books for marine shells. Century Maga- 
azine, bound books, kodak camera, Webster’s 
Unabridge or International Dictionary. 

HOMER SQUYER, Mingusville, Mont. 


FOR SALE at a BARGAIN.—100 first-class 
sets of eggs with complete data, singles, Taxi- 
dermist’s instruments, pocket and hand eases, 
two cabinets for mineral or egg collections, 
fancy pigeons, 32 cal. revolver with Cartridges, 
scroll saw, bird skins jand books on histcry, 
physics, chemistry, etc. All letters answered. 
Correspondence invited. V. F. 1. MUELLER, 
345 Ninth Street, Milwaukee, Wis. 


HXCHANGE.—Several months ‘Scientific 
American” with ‘“‘Builders’ Edition.” 14 num- 
bers “Insect Life,” and Coue’s Key, 1872 edi- 
tion for popular Natural History works or tel- 
eRcODes HARRY EH. ORR, Orient Hill, Xenia, 

io. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE —One king of 
the road bieycle-lamp. good as new, price $3; 
five years of Youths Companion, 1881, 1885, 1886, 
1887 and 1888. Wanted in exchange minerals 
or other curiosities. Send offers immediately. 
GHO. H. BOCKOVEN, Palmyra, N. Y. 


94 THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—38 cal. S. & W. revolver, 
latest patent, hammer, worth $9. Coue’s Key 
and climbers preferred; state condition and 
terms. T. MORRISON, Helena, Ark. 


FOR SALE CHEAP.—Books, including 
Coues’ Key and papers relating to Oology and 
Ornithology. Write for prices to T. A. SMITH- 
WICK, Walke, N.C. 


WANTED.—Used Columbian Stamps. Will 
give eggs insets or singles, Cabinet Oriental 
Magic, back numbers of OoLoGIsT, Vol. I En- 
cyclopedia, and Minerals. Also a Popular 
Stamp Album for sale. JNO. S. DURLAND, 
Centralia, Kas. 


COLLECTORS desiring to purchase rare 
sets of bird eggs, will do well to send for my 
list. Over one hundred fine sets for sale at 
one-half Standard Catalogue prices. HAW- 
LEY HALL, Lewisville, Ind. 


FOR EXCHANGE or SALE.—300 Birds eggs 
and instruments. Will exchange for a 32-re- 
volver (S & W) or a repeating rifle (32) or sell. 
c. Cc. RENSHAW, Boyee, Va. 


FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—A 12 bore 
breech-loading shot gun. Will exchange for 
eggs in sets, books and papers on Oroithology, 
and Oology. Willaccept partcash. All letters 
answered. G. W. BATCHELDER, Lock Box 
890, St. Johnsbury, Vt. 


TOEXCHANGE, Minerals, stamps. curiosi- 
ties, woods, mosses, post marks, books, papers, 
etc. Want shells, fossils, Indian velics and 
curiosities. GUY H. BRIGGS, Livermore, Me. 


FOR SALE: A fine collection of Mounted 
Birds, severalhundred specimens, a very com- 
plete collection of Insects, and a large number 
of Snakes. All are in good shape and will be 
sold ata bargain. A number of collectors in 
this portion of Penn pronounce it the best col- 
lection they have ever seen. I will sell each 
lot separately or altogether. Parties interested 
should write at once to Box 160, York, Pa. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—The following first-class 
sets with full data collected this spring in Ore- 
gon. Mongolian Pheasant 1-12 @ $.50, Sooty 
Grouse 2-7 2-8, Oregon Towhee 1-4, Rusty Song 
Sparrow 1-3, Gambel’s Sparrow 1-3 2-4, Tri- 
colored Blackbird 6-4 1-5, Russet-back Thrush 
1-3, Western Robin 2-3. For first-class sets 
with data. Plovers, Sandpipers and Owls pre- 
ferred. ‘‘Standard Catalogue” as basis. WAL- 
TON. MITCHELL, 534 Summit Ave., St. Paul, 
Minn. 


WILL EXCHANGE fragments of pre-historic 
pottery and Rocky Mountain specimens, for 
large U.S. cents and strip of the different is- 
sues. H. STEPHENSON, Cortland Neb. 


A VERY LARGE COLLECTION OF SKINS 


contains more or less mutilated specimens, 
principally small birds, which have been col- 
lected with a 12 or 16 bore shot gun. There is 
no earthly excuse for such work now. Fora 
small investment of $1.50 you can buy an inser- 
tion tube which will fit inside your shot gun 
barrel, taking a 32 or 38cal. C.F.shell. The 
tube is as easily removed aS a_ shell. You can 
load six or seven small shells for the same 
price it costs you to load the shells you are now 
using. It makes no noise nor ruins your speel- 
mens. Send for cireular in regard to this won- 
derful invention. The large increase In my 
business PROVES I meet all the requirements 
of my customers and friends. I would like 
your address. Here is mine. JAMES P. BAB- 
BITT, Taunton, Mass. 


FOR SALE.—My entire collection of birds 
eggs, listed at over $0, will sell any or all for 
25 of 93’s prices, also Davies Nests and Hggs, 
and OOLOGIST from June 90 to June 938. Send 
quick for list and particulars. Nocards. lL. J. 
DRENNAN, New Sharon, Iowa. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE. Send for best ap. 
proval sheets at 55 percent. One Columbian 
Exposition Souvenir for 25 cts. 50 foreign 
stamps for old fashion copper cents. 200 stamps 
for dimes before 1860. 500 Stamps for quarters 
before 1865, CHAS. G. COLLINS, Box 43), 
Garden City, Kas. 


“OOLOGISTS,” various collectors’ periodicals, 
books, stamps, eggs, tags, data blanks. curios, 
etc., for used United States stamps. books, 
fishing tackle, cartridge belt (.38) or bag. eagle 
ae traps, ete. A. D. AKIN, Schaghticoke, 


LOOK! A beautiful birch bark canoe 10 
inches in length with the word ‘‘Minnehaha” 


_ hand-painted on the side and made in the regu- 


lar Inian fashion will be sent you postpaid for 
only 20 cts. Address CHARLES HATFIELD, 
1517 W. Lake St., Minneapolis, Minn. 


WOULD like to exchange eggs in sets, or sin- 
gles, with collectors in Massachusetts and 
Conneticut. Send list and receive mine. P. R. 
MERRITT, 461 State St., Springfield, Mass. 


MOUNTED DUCKS, Hawks, Owls, ete., at 
very low prices, for instance. Snowy Owl $10, 
Barn Owl $350, Great Horned Ow! $5.00 Long- 
eared Owl $2.50, Barred Owl $3.50, American 
Golden-eye $2.95, Sparrow Hawk $1.75, Broad- 
winged Hawk $3.75. etc, etc Send for list. 
All these birds are first-class, mounted on 
natural stumps or walnut stands, and I guar- 
antee satisfaction or money refunded. I have 
aiways on hand panels of birds as “dead game’ ’ 
and would be pleased to quote prices. Will ex- 
change mounted birds for skins, either bird or 
mammal with full data. WM. T. SMITH, 
1145 So. Broad St., Philadelphia, Pa. 


OOLOGISTS WANTED.—We want copies of 
July-Aug., 1886; Jan.-Feb , 1887 or Dec.,1886 with 
Jan.-Feb., 1887 attached, June, 1888 and April. 
1889, OOLoGISTS. Wealso want copies of Lat- 
tin’s 1885, ‘“‘Oologist’s Hand-Book.” For each 
copy of the above five publications or for any 
two copies of the OoLOGIST for March ’92, May 
92 or April °93 you will send us before July 1st 
we will give a copy of the ‘‘New Standard Cat- 
alogue’”’? or a White Metal Blowpipe or an 
Embryo Hook ora Tape Measure Pencil or a 
copy of “Insect Collecting”’ or 25 Cents worth of 
1890, 1891 or 1892 OoLocists. F.H. LATTIN & 


CO., Albion, N. Y. 
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a 
speciality. Note and _ letter 
heads, envelopes. circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F. 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


You CAN PER 


MAKE DAY 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside: everybody 
wants them. Write to-day, enclosing 2c. sj3amp 
and we will mail you 4 Free Samples and full 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


THE OOLOGIST. 195 


EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY! “itctertsth® 


We want at once the following first-class eggs, either in singles or sets, in ex- 
change at Standard Catalogue rates, or if in sets, we will allow 10 per cent above 
these prices, in exchange for the articles mentioned below. Eggs taken in large 
or small quantities. No exchange amounting to less than $1.00 can be ‘bothered 
with” unless 10cts. additional is enclosed for return postage and packing. If you 
have any of the rarer species to offer, send lists. Species wanted, A. O. U. No’s 
1, 3, 4, 7, 12, 16, 27, 29, 40, 49, 538, 58, 59, 63, 64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 77, 80, 106; 
any Cormorants, Ducks or Geese, 184, 186; any Herons, 206, 208, 211, 212, 214, 219, 
224, 225, 228, 230, 261, 2638, 278, 280 289; any rare Quail or Grouse, 310, 315, 320, 
any Hawks or Owls, 387, 388, 394, 416, 417, any Hummers, 456, 457, 458, 461, 466a, 
467, 484, 485, 486, 490, 494, 497, 500, 505, 507, 513, 529, 538, 5389, 542a, 546, 549, 550, 
558, 587, 588, 588b, 597, 598, 599, oor: 604, 608, 619, 631, 633, 681, 687, 702, 710, 715, 
Ta, 721 7la, 721b, 724, 725, 727, 785, 748, 748a, 756, 759b, 767; Alligator and 
Snake. We will accept any aneeice not mentioned above at one-half rates. The 
prices given in the Standard Catalogue must be used as a basis. All eggs must be 
strictly first-class in every particular, and if not in such condition we will take 
out eggs to the amount of jive times the actual cost of return postage to pay for 
same and trouble, aud return the bulance to you. 

In return for the above we will give any of the following articles, specimens or 
supplies at the prices quoted. 


INT GEC CUBES OW DUD CSS fe) neocon shee eee $ 25 J/NVWbieese hove MIMOY ONY se ee ceeeno acerca 25 
Imperie ct Blowpipe. 2-2 2 eh 10 100 varieties Foreign Stamps... 30 
No. 1, 8-100 Egg Drill SOE ste OVS EI 10 SCa) CHOLSE tere tine ssw yee eeu 50 
mre ama CO) matey ee tals Ae) ENA a 15 Fossil Polyp Coral ........ pL AA lt Ne Soe 25 
BY 15-100 ‘* Or ens Lian GT ee elegy | Wainag 17 Fossil Sea Urehin....... 25 
*: 4, 18-100 ** lo A nee ea a SU Se eh aS le a 20 Sica ter geese eee eae aes n een Ee 15 
HO by, PHE00) MQ) ee tg Cpa ie en eee 25 Sharky goes ye sles at Noe 20 
-Nickel Plated Em»ryo Hook 4% in. long... 30 Hammerhead Shark Ege 25 
GLASS EYES. —No. i Flint per prs _..... O8 Barnacle Sin pep yee eeaee see Vane ys) 3) 
(a nes ed aie eee 15 SHoR Re, MIRO ee ec csdoceoncee 25 
Bp) 00 GS fale Dh 85 Fossil Fish Eggs, one dozen .......-.........-..... 25 
eSine OG ae et SOT eee cel 50 Sang Doar pul Ssh S here Nels a ae ew ae 10 
CA IBIRO\ AM OS es 25 Saw Fish Saw... _........2...2......-. PENT ees ueceR ope W5 
100 Data Blanks, Assorted _2.......2... 22.22.22... 35 Horned ‘Toad, stuffed ..........---...---.2.-..L.. 75 
AEN WwaCneGkimeowGiSts sn. ee eee 35 Small Porcupine Fish, a great curio... 3 00 
Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds Eggs... 50  Hchinaste rsentus,a rare BLACK Starfish. 75 
Handbook on Insect Collecting... : 15 Heliaster Kubingti. The South American 
Back No’s of the OoLocistT at single “copy Sun Dial or Many-armed Starfish...__... 1 00 
price as quoted on page 180, June issue. Asterias ochracea, an unique Starfish......... 75 
20 back numbers of OOLOGIS?,our selection 75 Nidorella armata, a desirable Panama 
OOLOGIST (DO premium) to Jan., 1894. _....... 50 Grehiton Kiama 8 1 00 
OoLoGIst?, with premium. for one year _.. 1 00 Astrophyton Agassiz. the rare Thousand- 
Card good for 35-word’‘Want. Exchange or ALMeCOWE ASIKet-t1Sliee eee eee 2 CO 
EKor Sale” notice in the OOLOGIST _..... 1 00 Lagenum bonani,a Phil. echinoderm........ 50 
Davie’s *“Naturalists’ Manual,’ 125 pages Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, the Mam- 
of valuable illustrated information —.. 75 moth Pacific Urchin ............. .. .... 1 50 
\niirlols ik nhe AN homey apie; oe ees ee eee 35 Fungia elegans, perfect specimens of the 
Beetle Nut. New. Zealand.....5 220-2. 15 Zanzibar Mushroom Coral...............-...-- 1 00 
RedisSeareeanyer cee aii yi) te aa wile Ob Doubly-terminated Quartz Crystals ...... 25 
AVA OMS CATN Scere wl To ao Cele es ye ay 05 Chiastoliperenystals ee. es ee 25 
Scaphites Nodosus extra fine ..................... 1 00 Scorpion nicely mounted and boxed......... : 1 00 
IROlISIMeCEI Ao ate hog pare earl ied Cee hl Be, 35 Egg of Nurse Shark. a new and rare curio. 
Fragment Indian Pottery. Fla.................... 25 Offered collectors for the first time. 1 00 
BIRDS EGGS. Chacha ac ate ee eee 100 Gray-tailed Cardinal*....... 1 50 
White-crowned Pigeon*.. 150 Texan Cardinal*..... ......... 50 
Can furnish species followed  White-winged Dove*......... 30 Sharpe’s Seed-eater*......... 1 25 
by *in sets with data if desir- Mex. Ground Dove*..._...... 75 Sennett’s Thrasher*........ 20 
ed. Tex. Screech Owl* .........:... 75  Curve-billed Thrasher* ..__. 20 
St. Domingo Grebe*.......6 60 Burrowing Owl.............-.... 20 Carolina Wren..-.. .........- 15 
VON CT tees Cae os ee 60 Southern Hairy Wood- Bewick’s Wren........ 30 
SHO AY MINSTE OTS Ease r ty a eau) pecker 1°O Brown-headed Nuthatch 35 
IN[ ol CVT eae ea a ee _. 60 Mex. Crested Elycatcher# 50 Tufted Titmouse............... 40 
/Bridled Tern* 175 Florida Blue Jay* .......... 50 Dipper; Ouzel* 1 00 
Audubon’s Shearwater*. 225 Dwarf Cowbird...... .. :...... 150A Orr oue huis eee eee Sy) 
Yellow-billed Tropic Bird* 350 Red-eved Cowbird ........... 50 European Blaekbird*...... 10 
Booby* 250 Bullock's Oriole..._.......2.. 2 hes EleG mh Ncatcher* eyes 20 
Scoter : LOOP PELOWS CPN Chee sees OD (Otel aim unbayer ie oe ees °0 
WiCOCmlbIS set aes 200 American Goldfinch*......... (Ufa) Aiilefoypleveya, ee 20 
| ifenraalnfere als eh Aol! = WOO Ubtesceiss Sy op hanony7 7 oe (010) > SMASH) a BD 


This exchange offer holds good until Aue. 15TH ONLY, at which date, shonld we 
see fit to extend or make a similar one, many of the more desirable eggs curios, 
etc , will positively he withdrawn. Address, F.H. LATTIN & CO, Albion, N. Y. 


196 THE OOLOGIST. 


Our Directory for ’93. 
At Albion, N. Y. 


You find the : 
Headquarters of r. rl ° Lattin & Co. 
And there you should address all ordinary orders and 
business correspondence. 


At Douglas Arcade, 
No. 3,571 Cottage Grove Ave, Chicago le 


You will find the Chicago Address and Branch Store of 
Fie LATTIN & COM Also ithe jlarzest andes: 
complete line of Curios and Specimens ever offered for 
sale in the City. Our Store ison the direct line to 
the World’s Fair Grouuds, the Wabash and Cottage 
Grove Ave. Cable Cars pass by our door every minute. 
Douglas Arcade is only a minute’s walk from Douglas 
Station (36th St.) where all suburban trains on the 
Illinois Central R. R. stop every five minutes. 

Our location is such, that when you visit the World’s 
Fair, you must necessarily pass right by our door and 
should you fail to make usa call, it will be a difficult 
matter for you to conjure up an excuse that will prove 
acceptable to us. ‘‘Lattin” will be at the store part 
of the time and from July to November it will be his 
personal address. 


At the World’s Columbian Exposition 


You willifind the exhibit of FF.) He Ioan cam on 
near the South end of the East Gallery in the Anthrop- 
ological Building. This building which was not 
opened to the public until July 1st—you will find one 
of the most interesting of the ‘‘hundreds” in the Great 
White City and if you are at all interested in the curi- 
ous, you should make it one the first to visit. Our 
exhibit consists of Birds Egg, (the only collection of 
account on the Grounds) Shells, Birds and Supplies. 


Pe Chautamaua, Nave 


F. H. LATTIN & CO, have their old stores in the Ar- 
cade and Pier House. Both stores are well filled with 
Curios, Specimens, Novelties and Souvenirs, and ihe Gut 
or in the vicinity of Chautauqua, do not fail to make 
them a visit. . 


VO ALBION, N. 


_ THE OOLOGIST. 


, JULY, 1893. INOSuZ 


A Study in Orange and Black. 

Thinking that an article on the Amer- 
ican Redstart, one of the most notic- 
able birds in the woods of this region, 
might interest some of the readers of 
the OdLoGist, I have embodied in this 
article my experience with, and notes 
on, this bird since 1889. Most of my 
observations were made during 1890 
and 1892, when they were very abund- 
ant here, probably because these sea- 
sons, being unusually wet, were char- 
acterized by an abundance of small 
insects, especially flies and mosquitoes 
upon which this bird seems to live toa 
large extent. 

In 1891 they were very scarce after 
the migration ceased, (which was late 
on account of the cold spring) very few 
of them staying to breed. I think it 
quite possible that their southern limit 
may be found to vary in this way, with 
the seasons. 

The first males are usually seen about 
May 5th and the females follow closely. 
They will increase to the 15th or 20th 
when the migrants will move on north. 
During the spring of ’91 they did not 
come in any numbers until the 145th and 
nearly all passed on in a few days. 
During this period of migration the 
male with his striking colors seems to 
be everywhere in suitable woods, which 
are those of a swampy character, com- 
posed mostly of deciduous trees. A 
few will be seen in the more open 
groves aud orchards, and even along 
the roadsides, in dooryards, etc. 

It must not be supposed that the 
female is there in any fewer numbers, 
but from her tamer colors and more 
retiring disposition is not so often seen 
at this time. Being plainly attired she 
is much more likely to escape observa- 
tion than the male, which may be of 


some value to her at times, though as 
we shall see later on, she is just as well 
calculated to defend herself as her mas- 
er, if not more so. 

I think that the mating season comes 
very soon after the migrants reach here, 
probably from May 15th to June Ist. 
During this period the male is in full 
song, and the woods of his choice echo 
and re-echo with the shrill notes of his 
song delivered in a succession of rather 
high-pitched and decided notes. His 
mate also gives utterance to a sweet 
trill which is difficult to locate if she is 
far off. Later on th: male’s song be- 
comes subdued to a finely modulated 
trill, and the female, except for her 
shrill warning call to him, is silent 

From June ist to the 5th the majority 
of the Redstarts commence building, 
though one nest found May 29th must 
have been commenced abont the 20th 
as the eggs were stigntly incubated. 
By the 12th or 14th of June full sets 
can be found in any suitable wood. 
The nesting site is generally the up- 
right crotch of some small and not very 


brushy tree. Young, hard maples 
ranging in diameter from one inch up 
to four inches are the favorites. Have 


also found nests in the following: elms, 
beeches, soft maples, blue beech 
shrubs, black ash and basswood. 

Although as I have said they general- 
ly select the main upright crotch they 
sometimes build between the trunk and 
a small limb, and I would mention two 
exceptional cases as follows: 

First. The nest was placed 20 ft. 
from the ground in the top of a 6 in. 
hard maple which had been broken off 
and sent out a number of small branch- 
es, forming a sort of basin. The nest 
was securely placed here and was near- 
ly invisible from the grouud. 

Second. The nest was placed out on 


Vos THE OOLOGIST. 


a limb three and one-half feet from the 
main trunk of asmall tree. The Jimb 
divided at this point sending up three 
branches rather vertically. The nest 
was very firmly wound about all three 

- of these branches, and altogether was a 
freak for the Redstart. 

Many nests that I have seen were 
situated in very narrow crotches mak- 
ing it necessary to build quite bigh to 
get a wide enough spot for the nest, 
some nests being 5 in, in height and 
perfectly wedge-shaped in outline. The 
majority of nests are about 8 feet from 
the ground, the lowest being 3 ft., the 
highest 20, (rare). 

Many of them are very difficult to 
reach on account of the slender trees in 
which they are situated. You cannot 
climb them and they are often too top- 
heavy to admit of cutting off, without 
spilling out the contents. If you try to 
bend the tree the chances are you will 
either spillthem out or jar them so bad- 
ly as to crack them. Sometimes you can 
climb another tree and pull the nest 
over to you, but this is not always pos- 
sible. I have taken nests of this bird 
and also of the Rose-breasted Grosbeak 
by taking a saw and some one to help 
me. One of us would hold the tree 
straight, while the other sawed out 
pieces of the trunk and lowered it until 
the nest was within reach. You must 
be careful however to take a day when 
there is very little wind or you will get 
your trouble for your pains, as the eggs 
(if there are any) will get rolled out. 

The nests are composed mostly of the 
fiber stripped from the milk-weed stalks 
and various other weeds, lined usually 
with fine, dried grasses with such ex- 
-ceptions as I shall give below. Have 
never known them to use any hair in 
saby part of their nest. 

In the September number, 1891, of 
““Collector’s Monthly”? I saw an article 
on the nesting of the Redstart, in which 
the writer mentioned the use of feath- 

-ers in the nests of the Redstart. I 


wrote to the editor that I kad never, in 
a large number of nests examined, 
found any feathers. Well, experience 
has materially changed my views on 
this point. Last summer, 1892, I have 
found three nests containing feathers 
as follows: Numbers 1 and 2 were plac- 
ed in the same woods and but a short 
distance apart, and, from the close re- 
semblance in the feathers should say 
they came from the same place. No. 
1 was composed almost entirely of 
feathers, while No. 2 had a few scatter- 
ed through it. No.3 was found a week 
or ten days later in another wood at 
some distance. A few days before I 
had found a nest of the Wood Thrush 
in this wood, and on looking at it the 
next day found that some owl had cap- 
tured the old bird from the nest the 
night before and left the feathers on 
the ground beneath. The next time I 
visited this wood I found a nest of the 
Redstart composed almost entirely of 
the feathers of this Thrush, at least I 
think it is safe to presume so, as the 
nest was bnt a short distance from the 
scene of the former catastrophe and the 
feathers were undoubtedly of this spec- 
ies. So, of course, I am convinced 
that the Redstart will use feathers 
when they can be found at hand. 

The eggs of this bird will invariably 
number four if unmolested by the Cow- 
bird. This, however, seldom happens. 
Most nests containing at least one egg, 
and many two of the Cowbird, with 
eggs enough of the Redstart to com- 
plete the complement of four. One 
nest which I found contained four of 
the Redstart and two of the Cowbird. 
The nest was filled to the brim and the 
bird was incubating them. This is 
rare however. In many cases the Cow- 
birds lay their eggs before the Red- 
starts commence, when she generally 
leaves her nest and construets another. 
I never knew them to cover the Cow- 
bird’s egg after the manner of the Yel- 
low Warbler. The eggs vary much, 


CHE OOLOGIST. 199 


both in size and color. Two extreme 
sets are as follows: No. 6-492 measur- 
es .70x.52, .67x.51, .67x.52, .68x.52. The 
ground color is white. The markings 
are gathered in a distinct wreath near 
the larger end and consist of pale lav- 
ender shell marks and rather large 
spots of chestnut. ‘There are also a 
few fine dots of chestnut scattered over 
the eggs. This was an unusual set both 
in color and size being the largest I 
have a record of. 

No. 7-4, ’92, represents the other ex- 


treme. It measures .62x.49, .58x.49, 
.58x.50, .60x.49. The -hell marks of 
lavender are gathered in a wreath 


about the large end but these are near- 
ly covered by the profuse spots of vina- 
ceous cinnamon, which are distributed 
thickly over the entire surface in every 
case. They are very beautiful and rep- 
resent the smallest and most heavily 
marked type I have seen. Ditterent 
sets vary between these extremes. 

Unlike the most of the smaller birds, 
_and especially the Yellow Warbler, the 
Redstart often rears the young Cow- 
bird and its own as well. Their young 
-require a large amount of insect food 
which keeps the old birds very busy for 
three or four weeks. The young are 
all about the color of the adult female, 
showing very little difference as to sex 
until the second year. After the young 
become able to take care of themselves, 
the whole family enjoy the pleasures of 
a four weeks’ holiday before they start 
south for the winter. At this time they 
do not sing much, in fact we hear noth- 
ing which could be called a true song 
until the next spring. 

In disposition they are rather inclin- 
ed to be quarrelsome both males and 
females, the males, especially during 
the mating season, are always fighting 
each other. Their fights take place al- 
most entirely in the air and they make 
plenty of feathers fly, accompanied by 
much noise. The females are more 
-fearless than the males during the 


breeding season as anyone will notice 
when they trifle with her home. She 
will often fly in your face accompany- 
ing this with a constant snapping of 
the beak. I think they sometimes suc- 
ceed in driving the Cowbirds off if they 
happen to be at hand when Mrs. Cow- 
bird comes sneaking up; at least they 
do for a time. 

They disappear very silently and we 
hardly notice they are going before the 
last one is gone. They are probably as 
free from natural enemies as any of our 
birds, and more so than some. 

This Jast season I found a nest on 
which a female was sitting, and on go- 
ing to it a few days later I found her 
dead in‘a crotch close by with plumage 


badly ruffled. The nest was not notic- 
ably molested. I do not know how to 
account for this unless some bird 


caught her on the nest,;and if so why 
did it leave her without making an at- 
tempt tq feed upon her? And also, 
why was the nest unmolested? Wish 
ing success to the OdLoGeist, I am or- 
nithologically, 
Ernest H. SHORT, 
Chili Nye 


Birds as Pets. 


By Macrostoma Megapodius. 


Someone wrote on this subject in 
your journal not long ago, and the 
article interested me very much. 
There are many persons interested in 
collecting, who glory in the name of 
naturalist, or think that they are en- 
titled to that name, and yet who are 
mere grabbers of specimens, and who 
collect because it is the fad of the times. 
A true lover of birds and their habits 
is always an observer, and such a one, 
is far more interesting in conversation 
than a man or boy who has simply de- 
voted his time and energy, and perhaps 
money, to the censurable custom of 
alone gathering specimens. 


200° | THE OOLOGIST. 


A person who is devoted to birds for 
the pure love of watching their inter- 
esting habits, is always able to give 
much agreeable information on the 
subject, and ten to one, although he 
may not havea bird’s skin or nest of 
eggs in his possession, he can tell of 
many peculiarities of bird life unknown 
to thoughtless collectors. I was once 
acquainted with an old gentleman who 
was a great rambler, and a natural- 
born student of bird life, and yet he 
never skinned a bird in his life, and 
took but few eggs, and those under 
protest for me. Still he knew the 
varied notes of the birds, and could 
name the songsters with perfect accur- 
acy from their calls or warblings. He 
was a great lover of pet birds and I be- 
lieve if his means would have admitted 
of it would have had an aviary with all. 
of our songsters in it. It was from 
him that I first learned to capture and 
keep wild birds, and this little sketch 
will give some idea of the successes and 
failures attending my efforts. 

This was many years ago, and atan 
ave when I was like all other boys, in- 
clined to be avaricious. [ will never 
forget the methods I used to employ in 
collecting. JI wouldstart out with gun, 
insect net, flower press, various boxes 
filled with cotton for eggs and others 
for other specimens On setting out, [ 
much resembled a combination of crazy 
peddler, Indian medicine man, and 
wild western cow-boy, with enough of 
natural, or rather unnatural ‘boy’? in 
my make up to suggest that | was not 
as deadly or crazy us I looked But it 
was when I returned from these general 
collecting trips that my appearance 
created a stir. It is no wonder that 
the timid little girls used to run into 
the houses, while the irrepressible small 
boys would hoot and jeer as I passed. 
It was enough to secure mea_ berth in 
the asylum, ora cell in the lock-up, in 
any village where I was not known. 

Reader, imagine a biped, slim and 


loose-jointed, coming down the street, . 
a huge straw hat perched on his head, 
all covered with blossoms and foliage, | 
and stuck full of dead impaled butter 
flies and other insects. ‘Ten to one if 
the hat was lifted, a live snake or two > 
would escape from the crown, where - 
they had been confined. Balanced . 
over his right shoulder is a shot gun, | 
from the muzzle of which dangles a big — 
black snake or blue racer and perhaps - 
a heron or two, while from his left hand 
Swings a string of fish. From the big ~ 
collecting basket, strapped at the side - 
issue chirps and twitterings which come - 
from a miscellaneous assortment of — 
young birds which are inclined to rebel 
at the jolting they are receiving from 
this involuntary ride over a rough road. 

Reader, that’s me, when I returned 
from a general collecting trip. On- 
those trips I used to gather most every- 
thing, useful and nonsensical, which it 
was possible to carry, and the amount 
of litter’ that I accumulated in the 
course of a Season was something frig ht- 
ful to behold. Anything that excited 
my curiosity was lugged home, whether © 
animal, vegetable or mineral and it 
was all the same; and the old skeleton 
of a horse, a living snapping turtle or~ 
a dead skunk received the same at- 
tention that was bestowed on the deli- - 
eate woodland flowers, ov the artistic - 
nest of the gnateatcher. 

However, birds, was then, and 1s now 
my favorite study. During rambles, [I 
found many nests of young birds and 
these I watched and attempted to get 
sume insight into their food habits. 
When the birds were old enough to quit 
the nest, I used to take them home. 
Sometimes I took but one from a nest, . 
but generally I appropriated the whole: 
brood, excusing myself by saying, that. 
a bird or so might die, it was best to: 
take all of them, so as to make more of 
raising some of them. Of course this. 
mortality was frightful and it was an. 
unusual day when one of the stall-fed,. 


THE OOLOGIST. 201 


“or rather spoon-fed young did not die 
from May fifteenth to July first. One 
season they about all died, and not 
content with the test I tried it again 
the following year. The second year 
we brought more through because we 
went in heavier. However, the bird 
grave yard assumed immense propor- 
tions. 

My partner in crime was a middle 
aged man anil a manufacturer, He 
spent about all of his spare moments 
in feeding the multitudinous young 
birds, who with seareely an exception, 
had insatiable appetites. Bread and 
milk formed the main reliance, and the 
amount of dope-mixture which the ag- 
gregation of suffering  prison-birds 
would surround was a caution. It kept 
one boy busy running after fresh bread 
and milk, and when the weather began 
ito get quite warm, the demands of the 
young birds and the necessity of keep- 
ing the food sweet nearly drove my 
friend daft. But he stuck to it manful- 
ily, and his devotion was only equalled 
‘by my heroic efforts to supply new 
victims. 

At last when the second summer 
waned our stock in trade just equalled 
its bulk when we began. In other 
words there was a lone, broken-legged 
robin left; and this same robin had been 
the standby of my partner for several 
years previous to this new deal. There- 
fore I was ‘not in it,’ and our partner- 
ship busted right then and there, as the 
trade did not warrant a continuance. 
He offered me the crippled robin, but I 
declined with thanks, and have ever 
since kept out of the ranks of live bird 
collectors. And now as I look back on 
that chattering, chirping collection of 
live birds and think of my partner fill- 
ing them up all round every thirty min- 
utes, I cannot help but smile out ‘loud. 
But I also feel sorrowful at the untime- 
ly end of those dear little vireos,thrush- 
es, orioles, swallows, tangers and the 
cunning flyeatchers, chickadees, yellow 
warblers and redstarts. 


be tamed. 


Nevertheless, although so unsuccess- 
ful wiih the smaller  insect-feeding 
birds, I had very good luck with many 
other species at various times. 

I once owned an immature Red-tailed 
Hawk, which I captured after breaking 
his wing by shooting. It remained 
healthy and fierce throughout its stay 
with me, and I never could tame or 
subdue it in the slightest degree. It fed 
on meat entirely, and refused all other 
food, although frequently hard up for 
nourishment. Its eyes were always 
wild, and it would strike with beak and 
talons at everyone. It finally pounced 
on one of my pet golden Plovers and 
thrust its cruel claws through the poor 
ereature’s body. After this I lost all 
liking for the moody, ferocious hawk, 
and I slew him. 

Two Barred Owls that I owned at var- 
ious periods, were quite interesting and 
lent entertainment to me on rainy days 
in the city, when I would watch my 
pets in the barn. This owl, and in fact, 
allmy owls and hawks fed on meat, 
rats, mice, neighborhood cats, and also 
frogs and snakes which I would sup- 
ply. I fed the Barred Owls once a day 
On one occasion I was absent a couple 
of days and when I called on ‘snapper’ 
with his meat, he flew at me in his eag- 
erness, and gouged me for my negli- 
gence. Ordinarily he was quite harm- 
less, though he made a great bluster, 
snapping his bill as if very ferocious. 
A Screech Owl that I owned a short 
time, escaped from its house, as did al- 
so the Barred Owl, but a Screech Ow] 
which a friend of mine owned, become 
very tame. Once a boy stole it, but it 
escaped from the boy and flew back to 
its owner. 

I have owned several Great Horned 
Owls. They make interesting but ug- 
ly pets. Taken when old they cannot 
A friend. of mine has two, 
undoubtedly a pair taken when a 
few weeks old from the nest. They are 
now three years old or more and very 


202 THE OOLOGIST. 


tame, and he can handle them with im- 
punity. In fact they appreciate atten- 
tion from him and always welcome him 
by a glad seree scree. 

Another friend owned a pet Crow, 
and this bird had by constant instruct- 
ion been taught to repeat jwmp jim 
crow. JI must acknowledge, that no 
one, unless aware of the crow’s pow- 
ers, would understand a word of this 
poll parrot talk, but I will give Mr. 
Corvus the credit, by s ying that the 
words were plain enough after we were 
told what was attempted. This crow 
would eat most anything from the 
table. 

Blue Jays make lively pets. Theyare 
handsome, wicked, v vacious and noisy. 
They will eat anything and are very 
tough and easily cared for. 

Wild pigeons are easily kept, and I 
know of their breeding successfully in 
confinement. An acquaintance kept a 
few for many years, which he used for 
stool pigeons during the fight in spring 
and fall, as he wasa netter.* These 
pigeons used to breed each spring in 
confinement, rearing one young at a 
time. 

Quail and partridge are easily kept, 
but it is impossible to rear the young 
when taken from the motherbird as I 
have tried to my sorrow. 

Hummingbirds cannot be successfully 
confined, as they wear themselves out 
trying to escape, dashing themselves 
against anything in their path. Fly- 
catchers, warblers, swallows, wood- 
peckers, nighthawks, whip-poor-wills, 
and in fact all insect-eating birds are 
impossible to raise from the nest. Nor 
have I met with any success in keeping 
the adults in confinement. In direct 
distinction to this, it is easy to keep all 
sparrows and other seed-eating birds, 
and I have proved this with several 


well-known species. The Indigo bird 


*It is owing to the work of these netters, and 
other despicable game butchers aud pot huni- 
ers. that we are now suffering from the almost 
utter extermination of the Passenger Pigeon. 


thrives in captivity, and I’ve heard the 
full, bursting song of the Rose-breasted 
Grosbeak from a caged bird. 

All ducks and geese thrive behind the 
bars and I know a gentleman down 
east, who has several species of wild 
ducks fairly domesticated. Herons and 
Bitterns will live well in captivity, and 
it is surprising how easily they will. 
change from a nearly pure fish diet to 
a table-scrap feed and seem to thrive 
on it. 

Snipes, plovers and sandpipers are 
readily kept, if one has the time. An 
interesting pair of pets that I owned 
were two Golden Plover. They pre- 
ferred angle worms, of which food they” 
could manage an amazing amount, but 
could live on beef if it was cut up fine 
for them. Killdeers can also be kept. 

In conclusion, I will say, that the: 
most satisfaction can be derived from. 
seed-eating pets, and I would advise all: 
bird lovers to attempt to keep no other 
kind of birds. unless it 1s the droll 
Blue Jay, tricky Crow or some of the 
Hawks, Owls, or game birds. On no 
conditions attempt to raise young birds: 
from the nest, for it is generally a fail-- 
ure. Of the young birds that I have 
attempted, the common Cedar bird is 
an easy one to bring up. It can be 
reared on nothing but cherries of which 
it will eat vast quantities every hour in 
the day; but it quickly becomes a nui- 
sance. 


+ 4 <b 


A Heronry. 


On the 15th of May I visited the Her- 
onry Which [am about to describe. It 
is twenty miles from New York City, 
and is situated on Long Island. 

The woods were full of Warblers, . 
Robins, Thrushes, Brown Thrashers, 
Vireos, Black-billed and Yellow-billed 
Cuckoos, Woodpeckers and Creepers. 

As I walked through the woods I 
heard a sound like the bark of a dog, 
and stopping to listen I be rd another,. 


THE OOLOGISTL. 203 


I then knew I was approaching the 
Heronry. AsI drew near the sounds 
increased and anybody not knowing 
what they were coming to would have 
supposed there was a kennel of dogs 
in the neighborhood, such a sound of 
barks, yelps, squeals and = snarls as 
arose from the swamp in which the 
Heronry was located. The swamp 
was not a very wet one and I was soon 
standing in the midst of the Colony. 
On every side as faras the eye could 
reach were tall white maples in each of 
which there was from one to five nests 
of the Black-crowned Night Heron and 
nearly all of these were being used. I 
ealeulated the number of nests to be 
not less than two-thousand five-hundred 
and probably more. The Herons made 
quite arow at first, but soon quieted 
down. 

The first tree I climbed contained four 
nests, three of which contained four 
eggs and the fourth one, quite a nice 
baker’s dozen. From my position in 
this tree I could see about one-hundred 
nests, all of which contained eggs, and 
a shoit distance on my left was a crows 
nest containing four nearly fully fledged 
young crows. 

The nests varied greatly in 
and shape, some being mere platforms 
of sticks; indeed in some eases the 
nests were so flat that a heavy wind 
would have blown the eggs out of the 
nest. Others however, were consider- 
ably hollowed out and of quite large 
size. 

I obtained in the course of the day 
about one hundred eggs, some of which 
were fresh but in most cases the incu- 
bation was advanced. The trees were 
not easy to climb being small in di- 
ameter but regular sky-scrapers as re- 
gards height, and when an Odlogist is 
swinging about at the top of athin tree, 
he is perfectly willing to say that Terra 
Firma suits him better. 

The nests averaged forty feet with 
extremes of twenty and _ sixty-five. 


SIZE 


One nest was not unfrequently placed 
directly above another with only a few 
feet of space between them. 

While up one tree [ dropped an egg 
and supposing it broken thought 
nothing more about it, but on return- 
ing to the ground I found the egg un- 
injured buried in the soft mud atthe 
bottom of the tree. It landed directly 
on its larger end. ‘The eges varied 
greatly in size, color and shape. Some 
were pale blue in color, others a blue 
green, and still others of a green color. 
Some were long and rounded evenly at 
both ends, others were short and point- 
ed, some were quite large, others again 
quite small, average size 2.10 by 1.45. 
The average set was four, frequently 
three, sometimes two, rarely one or 
five. The sets of one were either caus- 
ea by the eggs falling from the nest or 
on account of the heavy rains, cold 
weather and late spring. 

Of several thousands of sets examined 
during the past few years, by me, there 
was not one set containing six eggs. 

Rosert C. Woopnotss, 
New York City. 


Notes from Yamhill County, Oregon. 


The following notes of 1892 will give 
eastern and soutern collectors an iden 
of the commonest eges to be found in 
this locality. 

April 28. Two neighbors and myself 
took a set of thirteen eggs of the Oregon 
Rutfed Grouse, (Bonasa umbellus sabint) 
commonly called Pheasant.” The nest 
also contained two eggs of the Mongo- 
lian Pheasant. 

The nest was a shallow hollow among 
the leaves under a brush heap, in a 
patch of vine maple, not very well con- 
cealed, The eggs are pure white spot- 
ted sparingly with light brown. 

May 7. Took a set of four eggs of 
Oregon Towhee (Piptlo maculutus ore- 
gonus) commonly called Mountain Rob- 
in. Ineubation vdvanced. The nest 


204 


looked like a Song Sparrow’s, being 
made of round grasses, placed in a bunch 
of tall grass, well concealed. Eggs sim- 
iliar to eastern Towhees. 

June 6. I gota set of six eggs of the 
Oregon Chicadee (Parus articapillus 
occidentallis) of a neighbor. Incubation 
begun. The nest was in an oak post, 
four feet from the ground, at the side of 
a road and three rods from a house. A 
splinter had been broken part way 
down one side of the post, making a 
hole, the bottom of which was visible 
from the top. In this hole was the nest 
made of noihing but hair. Eggs are 
clear white spotted with brown, most 
thickly at the large ends. 

June 18. Took aset of four eggs of 
Russet-backed Thrush (Turdus ustalla- 
tus.) Incubation fresh. 

Nest placed fifteen feet high in the 
crotch of a small dead fir in the woods; 
made of sticks and moss, lined with 
leaves. Eggs blue spotted with brown. 
T have found quite a number of nests of 
this species, and all but this one have 
been from three to six feet from the 
ground, in green bushes generally along 
the banks of a stream. 

July 2. Took a set of six eggs of Ar- 
kansas Goldfinch (Spinus psaltria) com- 
monly called Wild Canary. 

Nest made almost entirely of wool, 
placed on a horizontal branch of an ap- 
ple tree, six feet from the ground, meas- 
uring as follows: outside diameter 4 in., 
inside 1.75 in., height 3in., and depth 
1.25 in. 

July 12. 
the Oregon Junco or Snowbird (Junco 


Took aset of four eggs of 
hyemalis oregonus.) Nest made of grass 
lined with horse hair, placed on the 
ground, ina cup shaped hollow even 
with the surface. The nest was three 
feet from an often traveled path at the 
_ edge of woods. 

ARTHUR L. POPE. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Pintail Duck. 

I spent the spring of 93 in the Devils 
Lake and Turtle Mountain region, 
North Dakota. There the Pintail isa 
common summer resident. In early 
nesting it precedes all other varities of 
ducks. They are most generally paired 
when they arrive from the South and 
go to housekeeping without delay. 
Their nest is a hollow spot on the 
ground lined with grass and down sur- 
rounded by ‘“‘Buck Brush’ or wheat 
stubble, usually near water. Eggs from 
eight to eleven, more commonly eight. 
A favorite nesting site is in wheat stub- 
ble where many sets of eggs are de- 
stroyed each year by fire or the plow. 
Farmers often put in wheat without 
plowing only once in three years, hence 
the drill often drags the eggs out and 
breaks not a few. But the Pintail does 
not allow a little thing like that to in- 
terfere with incubation, but rolls the 
eggs back such as are not broken, pulls 
the nest about her and resumes busi- 
ness at the old stand. I found anest 
one day with five eggsin it. Geing by 
there a few days after I was astonished 
to find the field plowed, but observed 
two ducks out inthe vicinity of the 
nest. Going out | found they had shovel- 
ed the eggs out and were putting a 
bulwark of stubble about them. 

E.S. Bryant. 
Phoenix, N. Y. 


4 <a 


Large set of Burrowing Owl. 


On April 4th, ’91 I found a set of 
Burrowing Owls eggs, that I think 
will beat any previous record. The 
eggs were laid in a_ squirrel burro v 
about three feet from the entrance. 
There were sixteen of them and all 
were fresh. The set may not have been 
complete? 

I am sure there was only one pair of 
owls inhabiting the hole as the eggs 
were all close together and both male 
and female were in it. 

; FrEeD A. SCHNEIDER, 
College Park, Cal. 


- THE OOLOGIST. 205 


THE OOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


Ae E. LADTIN, & CO., 
ALBION, N. Y. 


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Correspondence and items of interest to the 
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eee 


Rare Nesting. 


March 6, 1890 while in the woods 
looking for Barred Owls eggs, I had 
e<limbed several trees when on descend- 
ing one large Post Oak tree I caught 
sight of something ina knot hole ina 
tree close by. At first Iwas at a loss 
to know what it was so I started up to 
investigate. In ascending I kept a 


watch on the hole to make sure the ob- 
ject of my search did not get away. 
On arriving at the hole which was some 
twenty feet up the Owl for such it 
proved to be slipped back in the main 
cavity. AsIcould not see the bottom 
I took my hand ax (which [ always 
carry with me on such occasions) and 
enlarged the hole so I could insert my 
arm when to my surprise I brought 
forth a little Owl which proved beyond 
doubt to be one of the Saw whet or 
Acadian Owls. As her hind parts were 
unusually plump I thought she would 
lay before long, so I brought her home 
and placed her ina large cage. I kept 
her four days. She would consume five 
and six large short tailed meadow mice 
ina night, she would not eat in the day 
time. The fourth day she laid an ege 
and smashed it. I concluded that 
would not do so I took her back to the 
tree climbed up and put her in the cavi- 
ty. I petted her and she appeared to be 
very tame. I left but returned every 
few days and onthe 13th I found she 
had laid one egg. She continued until 
the 17th when she laid the last egg but 
as noone knew ofthe nest and as it 
was in very heavy and seldom traversed 
timber [ left the set of five eggs until 
the 20th of March which date I took a 
friend collector along and we both ful- 
ly identified her asa Saw-whet Owl. 
Nest was in a cavity 20 feet up 10in. in 
diameter 22 inches deep, entrance 3 in. 
Leaves and rotten wood was the ma- 
terial used. One odd feature in the 
eggs is all five are exactly one inch 
broad while in length they vary as much 
2S se ELOMy ale Gran tome te 20) Size of 
bird, length 7.50, Tail .3.00 Tarsus 1.25, 
tapin 1 75, wing from body 5.75,expanse 
of wing 19.00, bill .50.,bill black, eyes 
yellow or straw, claws blue black. Col- 
oration was as given in detail in Coues’ 
Key to North American Birds. Hope 
to hear if others have been taken this 
far south 384 degrees north latitude. 
C. BYRON VANDERCOOK, 
Odin, Ils. 


206 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


The Planning of His American Ornithology. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH. 
IV. 

The solitary labor of teaching, at last 
aroused the restlessness of Wilson’s 
nature and his spirits became much de- 
pressed by the monotonous routine of 
a country school To him it became a 
habit of resorting to his flute in leisure 
moments, and his melancholy and de- 
pression was greatly increased by so 
doing. : 

The consideration of the life of pen- 
ury and dependence to which he seem- 
ed destined as teacher of a country 
school, contributed much to increase 
his mental gloom. Fortunately for sci- 
ence there was living in Philadelphia 
at this time an engraver, a Mr. Law- 
son, who was a close friend of Wilson, 
and who afterwards greatly assisted him 
in the publication of his great work. It 
was to this friend that Wilson disclosed 
the gloomy state of his feelings. Mr. 
Lawson promptly advised him to re- 
nounce his flute and take up drawing 
as better suited to remedy the melan- 
choly condition of his mind. 

The attempt at drawing landscapes 
and human figures was made, but the 
results were unpromising and he threw 
them aside in despair, saying that he 
was too far along in years, being then 
about forty, to succeed in the art of de- 
lineation. But the time was ‘near at 
hand when his delineation of nature’s 
forms was to bring forth praise from 
the greatest artists. 

Again his old friend Bartram came to 
his rescue and advised him to attempt 
drawing birds, and lent him his own 
portfolio drawings to copy. The at- 
tempt was made and we have only to 
examine the plates of his great work to 
see how successful those attempts were. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The key-note of his nature was at last 
struck. There seemed to be something: 
magical in his new undertaking and 
his suecess exceeded that of his wiidest. 
expectations. 

When Wilson became absorbed and 
interested in an object nothing could 
discourage him save that of complete 
failure. In view of the many disad- 
vantages attending his new pursuit, 
such as drawing by candle-light and 
the duties of his school consuming his: 
attention during the hours of day, he 
never for one moment lost sight of the 
goal of his ambition; that is of becom- 
ing a thorough master of drawing: 
birds. To show how completely he’ 
was taken up by his vocation may be 
seen from a letter written to Mr. Law- 
son, dated March 12th, 1804. He said. 
that for six days out of the seven he had 
no more time than just to swallow his. 
meals and return to his sanctum sanc- 
torum, as he chose to eall his school. 
For tive days of the following week his. 
time was oceupied with the same 
routine of pedagoguing matter; and the 
remaining two are sacrificed for that. 
itch for drawing, which I caught from. 
honourable self. 

For Wilson with his limited store of 
knowledge on the subject of our native 
birds, to contemplate giving to the 
world a complete work on American 
Ornithology, would seem to us beyond 
the bounds of reason and the possibil- 
ity. But it did not appear so to Wilson 
for in 1804 he was engaged in making 
a collection and list of American birds. 
preparatory to future publication. Yet 
this step of Wilson’s was not so hasty 
as it may seem, for he says himself that 
he long turned it over in his mind _ be- 
fore he asked the advice of his friends. 
After carefully considering the difticul- 
ties of the undertaking and of his own 
ability, he ventured to disclose his in- 
tentions to Mr. Bariram, his old friend 
and adviser. Mr. Bartram at onee en-— 
tered into the project and carefully. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


weighed the advisability of such an un- 
dertaking. He did not question Wil- 
son’s ability and acquirements, but he 
did caution his friend about involving 
himself in embarrassments which he 
might never be able to meet. Mr. Bar- 
tram referred him to Mr. Lawson, the 
engraver, from whom he might gain an 
estimate of the probability of getting 
the plates made and of the moreimpor- 
tant thing,the expense. Wilson address - 
ed the following letter to Mr. Lawson: 

“T am most earnestly bent on pursu- 
ing my plan of making a collection of all 
the oirds in this part of North Ameriea. 
Now [| dow’t want you to throw cold 
water, as Shakespeare says, on this no- 
tion, quixotic as 1t may appear. I have 
so long been accustomed to the build- 
i. g of airy castles and brain windmills, 
chat it has become one of my earthly 
comforts, a sort of rough bone which 
amuses me when sated with the dull 
drudgeries of life.” 

Mr. Lawson fairly stated, in a way 
far from encouraging, his candid opin- 
ion of the seemingly hazardous scheme. 
Wilson carefully considered the advice 
oftshis venerable friend; but his own 
ardor and inflexible resolution scorned 
all opposition. Determination con- 
quered and the result was he gave to 
the world one of the greatest monu- 
ments of human industry. A work 
equally interesting to the scientist and 
the man of business. Admired by both 
the writer and the artist as examples 
of clear expression of thought and ac- 
curate delineation of nature’s forms. 

Intent upon making his great design 
a success he applied himself indefati- 
gably to the procuring of the necessary 
drawings and to observation of the 
feathered songsters’ Application to 
his new employment consumed every 
leisure moment and he said he was 
obliged to sacrifice social enjoyments 
for the purpose of improving in his 
new vocation. 


His own letters written about this 


207 


tinie to his friend Bartram show how 
rapidly he was progressing in his work 
and also show how thoroughly he was 
enamored by his new pursuit. He at- 
tempted to draw a few native birds 
and sent them to Bartram for inspect 
ion and correction. Accompanying the 
drawings was a letter in which he said 
that they were chiefly colored by 
eandle-light and hence abounded in im- 
perfections. His collection of indigen- 
ous birds was now enlarged; and he en- 
tertained great hopes of obtaining 
many new ones in the coming summer. 
He requested Bartram to write the 
name of each bird on the back of the 
drawings, as he knew only three or 
four of them. To us it would seem 
presumptuous enough if we were to 
contemplate writing a _ treatise on 
American Ornithology with a knowl- 
edge of only three or four species. He 
said that the face of an Owl and 
the back of a Lark put him to a non- 
plus, and he had already spent nearly a 
week on different ones and afterwards 
destroyed them both, and got nearly in 
the slough of despair. 

In March of the same year, 1804, he 
writes to the same individual, that 
Spring, that lovely season is at hand 
and the pencil of nature is busily at 
work with tints and outlines that bafle 
all description. Soon we may look for 
feathered strangers, flocking from the 
south, to fill the woods and fields with 
their sweet music. Let us look upon 
those multitude of happy strangers just 
arriving from the sunny south as so 
many messengers come to proclaim the 
power and munificence of the Creator. 
He admits that he was an ardent ad- 
mirer of the rural scenes of nature; but 
since he had attempted to imitate her 
productions, every bird and flower sug- 
gested to him some new idea of beauty. 
While others were amassing wealth he 
was bent on gaining a familiarity with 
the works of nature. While others 
were immersed in deep schemes of 


208 


speculation he was enraptured by the 
pluma:e of a Lark or gazing likea de- 
spairing lover on the lineaments of an 
owl. He describes the appearance of 
his apartments as being crowded with 
live crows, hawks and owls, opossums, 
snakes, ete., so that on the whole it has 
the appearance of Noah’s ark; but the 
patriarch had a wife in one corner and 
in that particular his ark was deficient. 
A boy knowing his turn of mind, had 
brought him a whole basketful of 
crows. Bullfrogs he expected would 
constitute his next load if he did not 
issue orders to the contrary. 

In conclusion I cannot refrain from 
quoting Wilson’s own words when he 
describes in such touching language 
the actions of a mouse tha: he was at- 
tempting to draw. In these few lines 
is to be found much of Wilson’s nature 
viz.: his noble human nature and kind- 
ness to dumb animals; and how clearly 
it is shown I leave it to the reader to 
judge. 

“One of my boys caught a mouse 
in school,a few days ago, and directly 
marched up to me with his prisoner. 
T set about drawing it that same even- 
ing and all the while the pantings of its 
little heart showed it to be in most in- 
tense agonies of fear. I had intended 
to kill it, in order to fix it in the claws 
of a stuffed owl, but happening to spill 
a few drops of water near where it was 
tied, it Japped it up with such eager- 
ness, and looked in my face with such 
an eye of supplicating terror, as per- 
fectly overcame me. I immediately 
untied it, and returned it to life and 
liberty. The agonies of a prisoner at 
the stake, while the fire and instru- 
ments of torment are preparing, could 
not be more severe than the sufferings 


of that poor mouse; and insignificant 
as the object was, I felt at that moment 
the sweet sensations that mercy leaves 
on the mind when she triumphs over 


”? 


eruelty. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Chimney Swift. 


From pre-historic times to the pres- 
ent those things which have in any 
way mystified man, have been acccunt- 
ed for by some superstious faney. The 
ancients had exceedingly fertile imag- 
inations, and if they were unable to 
account for a strange event scientifical- 
ly, mythical superstition would come 
to the rescue. The steady advance of 
science, however, has undermined 
and exploded the majority of these 
purile fancies. But a few still remain 
with us and I have no doubt, some will 
remain for our scientific posterity to 
dispose of. 

I do not know when or by whom the 
idea that certain birds hibernate in 
muddy tracts, was originated, but tne 
ninteenth century was considerably ad 
vanced before certain people were 
made to understand, that instead of 
burrowing in mud or in other places 
equally absurd, the birds in question, 
were enjoying the balmy air and gentle 
breezes of the sub-tropics. It is said 
that considerable testimony is on record 
where witnesses of good repute, have 
come forward and stated that they had 
seen birds in the act of plunging into 
their murky winter quarters. The ma- 
jority of this evidence is quite ancient, 
but as late as 1877, the Duke of Argyle, 
in Nature, quoted Sir John MeNeil, 
who said; ‘‘I have stated, and 1 now 
repeat, that I have seen swallows in 
large numbers hibernating.” I re- 
member of seeing a clipping, from an 
old paper. in the Young Oologist, which 
gravely spoke of the ‘‘submersion of 
swallows.” 

Perhaps the Chimney Swift was one 
of the last birds to become emancipated 
from this ancient fallacy, and to have 
its true habits revealed by the dawn of 
modern enlightment. Its peculiar cus- 
tom of living in caves, hollow trees and 
later in chimneys, and its seminoctur- 
nal habits, no doubt, retarded some- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


what, its true history from becoming 
known to ornithologists. Its sooty 
eolor was triumphantly alluded to by 
people of small mental capacity, as 
substantiating their theory of mud 
hibernation. 

Fortunately these ancient ideas have 
now been disproved, and we can study 
the peculiarities of the Chimney Swift, 
unhampered by them. The bird under 
consideration arrives in this State about 
May 1st to 15th. It winters in the West 
Indies, Mexico, Central and South 
America. On its arrival here it is first 
noticed rapidly dashing through the 
air, in large circles, and occasionally 
making eccentric deviations after mi- 
nute insects, which it devours in large 
quantities. Asan insect destroyer this 
bird is a great benefit to a community, 
and yet tne farmer will pull down the 
old fire-board, detach their nests from 
the flues with a pole or hoe, and de- 
stroy their eggs or young. Thisis done 
because during the hours of night, the 
Swifts create too much noise, and ser- 
iously disturb the farmer’s sleep. ‘The 
sound produced by them beating their 
wings against the enclosed air, and the 
inner surface of the chimney, sounds 
like distant thunder, and it is truly 
annoying. 

It is said, that these birds never 
alight out side of the places in whieh 
they stay at night, and I have watched 
them much, and have never seen them 
doso. Even the short dead twigs of 
which their nest is composed, are 
snapped from trees duriug the bird’s 
flight. A sort of a bracket-like nest is 
constructed of these twigs, which are 
strongly and artistically agglutinated 
together by the bird’s saliva, and it is 
gummed to.the interior of the flue, or 
where ever it may be built, by the same 
substance. Within the slight concavity 
of the nest three or four elongated white 
eggsare laid. If the rain happens to 
trickle down the flue, the saliva is liable 
to become loosened, when nest and con- 


20F) 


tents are precipitated to the bed of soot 
in the bottom of the chimney. I once 
had a nest that was built on an incline, 
so that the eggs would roll out of it as 
fast as they were laid. For all of the 
difficulties these birds have to over- 
come, they usually rear one brood of 
young in a season, and occasionally 
two. 

When the Chimney Swift is at rest, 
it clings to the side of the flue, like a 
woodpecker on a tree butt, and the 
peculiar spine-like termination of its 
tail feathers greatly facilitates this 
manner of resting. 

In this city tnere are some tall mill 
chimneys which are out of use, and 
these birds, at times, may be seen 
around them in clouds. One evening 
just after sunset, several years ago I 
witnessed a remarkable congregation of 
Swifts around these chimneys. It was 
just as they were flocking, preparatory 
to their departure for the south, and at 
the time I estimated that there were 
ten thousand birds fiying in extended 
circles around the chimneys. At first 
they could be seen off in the distance 
as far as the eye could reach, but as dark- 
ness encroached, their circle of flight 
was coxrtracted, until they were hover- 
ing over the chimneys in a huge whirl- 
ing mass. For some time scattering 
ones had been settling into the flues, 
but at this time there was a steady 
stream of birds pouring in, and when 
darkness spread its cimmerian mantle 
over the scene the ingress of the Swifts 
had not ceased. 

Audubon visited a great hollow tree 
in Kentucky, where these birds were 
wont to enter at night, and he entered 
the tree with a lantern one evening, 
through an opening he had cut at the 
base. He computed the area of the 
interior surface of this tree, and the 
number of birds occupying a square 
foot, thereby estimating that at least, 
nine thousand birds were clinging to 
the perpendicular interior of the tree. 


210 


About September 1st the Chimney 
Swift departs on the southern migra- 
tion, which in my mind is much more 
preferable than hibernating with the 
eels. 

CHARLES L. PHILLIPS, 
Taunton, Mass. 


Among the Least Bitterns. 


BY C.S. BRIMLEY, RALEIGH, N. C. 


Not far from Raleigh, by the side of a 
small creek, there is a good sized marsh 
filled with a dense growth of cat-tails, 
and bulrushes, with seattering patches 
of swamp rose in the water, and wil- 
lows, alders and other bushes around 
the edge and in some of the drier por- 
tions of the swamp, 

The bulrushes do not grow in com- 
pany with the cat-tails (Lypha lalifolia) 
asarule but occupy large portions of 
the swamp by themselves growing in 
tussocks separated by one to three feet 
of space from each other, the water in 
this portion of the swamp being about 
two feet deep. 

On May 23, 1893, accompanied by my 
dogs Torp and Blazes, I started out to 
get what I could from the swamp; the 
first part I tried furnished nothivg but 
several Redwinged Blackbirds nests with 
three or four eggs in each which I did not 
take, so] went around to a large tract 
of bulrushes on the north side of the 
marsh; before I had gone many yards in- 
to the swamp a Least Bittern rose and 
was beatifully missed; he however set- 
tled ina willow on theedge of the n arsh 
and was promptly bagged at the next 
shot, proving to be a nice male. 

On re-entering the swamp and pro- 
ceeding through the bulrushes towards 
a patch of swamp rose, another Least 
Bittern arose out of them and went off in 
safety; as this one looked like a female, 
I searched amovg the rose patch and 
soon found her nest containing five 
young, one beinga runt, their backs and 


THE OOLOGIST. 


wings covered with yellow down and a 
lengthened crest of down on the head, 
funny looking little creatures. The nest 
was a saucer shaped platform of bul- 
rushes, built partly on rushes and partly 
on the rose bushes about eigliteen ineh- 
es above the water. 

The young were promptly bagged and 
I soon flushed another Bittern, which I 
shot at as she was flying over a dense 
bunch of cattails andon searching 
among them my dogs finally found her, 
and my second bird, this time a female 
was bagged. 

On going round the swamp I flushed 
a third and finally got a shot at him but 
could not see the result; Blazes however 
found him, and my third Least Bittern, 
a male this time was bagged. Near 
where I shot him down I found what I 
thought was another nest just started. 
A week later, on May 380, | again tried 
the swamp; almost as soon as I entered 
it, another Least Bittern was flushed 
and bagged, a female; after this I went 
to look up my supposed nest and flush- 
ed the female off it. I could not get a 
shot but secured three tresh eggs from 
her nest which was a saucer shaped 
platform of bulrushes built in the top of 
a bulrush tussock two feet above the 
water, and partly supported by the rose 
bushes. 

I flushed several more Least Bitterns, 
but could not get another shot. Later 
on however I fiu- hed a large bird which 
I shot down as he rose with the thought 
“Great Blue Heron in dull plumage, 
don’t want him, but looks too tempt- 
ing not to shoot at.” On reaching 
the place where he fell, it proved to 
bean American Bittern with one leg 
and one wing broken, but able to strike 
savagely at the dogs, both of which re- 
ceived several sharp blows on the nose 
and cheeks before I secured him. ‘he 
Bittern was a female with enlarged ovi- 
duct and small ovaries, and the breast 
considerably bare. I judged, she was 
a sitting bird, thus adding another 


THE OOLOGIST. 


species to those that breed at Raleigh. 
A few minutes later I found a third 
Least Bitterns nest just finished. similar 
in construction and situation to the other 
two. Nextday May 31,I killed two more 
Least Bittern, both males and found a 
fourth nest, containing five hard sat 
eggs. This nest was built of dead cat-tail 
leaves and was placed two anda half 
feet above the water, in a tall bunch of 
live cattails, and was saucer-shaped like 
the others. On visiting the nest [ found 
the previous day, I approached to 


within three feet of it before noticing 


that the old bird was on the nest and 
she did look funny; she was standing or 
Sitting on the nest, I could not well see 
which, her body and neck perfectly up- 
right and her bi pointing straight up- 
wardsa so. 
Her body and neck were flattened as 
much as possible and her light yellow 
eyes stuck out on each side of her head 
as she stood facing me as motionless as 
a Statue, looking so long and thin. I 
almost laughed asI looked at her; on 
making a slight movement she flew off 
and I let her go unharmed; however, I 
did not get’a set from the nest as a very 
heavy rain the next day beat the nest all 
out of shape and when I went a week 
later to take the nest it had been desert- 
ed. And with I this will close what 
was to me an interesting chapter in the 
‘study of our marsh birds. 


>— <> > + 


The American Magpie. 
(Pica pica hudsonica. ) 


I propose to the friends of the ‘“‘O6LO- 
GIsT” the intelligence of the ‘‘American 
Magpie.” 

These lines will be fully appreciated 
by those who have lived among the 
western snow capped mountains, the 
abode of this curious bird, and have 
witnessed the grand and wild scenery 
which makes one feel inspired with no- 
ler and grander thoughts; and ‘‘look 


Puta 


through Nature to ‘‘Nature’s God,”’ ev- 
en through the cunning and rogueisn 
tricks of the Magpie. 

This bird may be found within the 
range of the Rocky Mountains, but not 
as far west as California. It will be 
seen more abundantly in Colorado, 
Montana and the neighboring states. 

Their nests are very conspicuous and 
large being made of small dry sticks 
strongly placed in the top of a bunch of 
willows by the side of a creek, or in 
some large pine treeson the mountain 
side. The size of their nest varies from 
ten to eighteen inches in width and 
from fifteen toforty inches ia height with 
an arched roof anda hole in the side 
near the the top for the entrance of the 
bird. 

The Magpie commences to lay in April 
but May is the month in which most 
of the eggs are deposited. Last spring 
I took a clutch of seven from a nest the 
first of April. The number of eggs var- 
ies from five to nine commonly seven to 
eight, and are of a greyish white with a 
yellowish or greenish tinge, variously 
mottled with purplish or violet brown. 

The American Magpie is well known 
among the earlier travelers and settlers 
as may be seen by reading and hearing 
the various stories related about the cun- 
ning and thieving habits of this bird. 
They have been known to fly in the 
house at dinner hour and seize a piece 
of meat from the plate even when the 
occupants were seated around the table. 
They will steal anything they can get 
hold of and if they are a pet bird as was 
the case quite often among the early 
settlers to have tame Magpies they gen- 
erally made it a point to get hold ofa 
great dea! more than desired by the un- 
fortunate ones who had to go without 
something for their dinner. 

There is one curious trait about this 
bird that is quite interesting. It will 
alight upon the cattle and horses while 
out on the ranges in the winter months 
and pick the grubs from their backs, 


212 


and if the weather is cold and the snow 
deep so as to render it hard for them to 
get food they will pick large “oles in 
the backs of the more feeble cattle, and 
as the sore becomes numb from cold 
they continue their destructive work till 
the critter becomes too weak to resist 
the battle and give themselves up to 
the mercies of this terrible pest. 

Except in the breeding season this 
bird is one of the hardest of the feather- 
ed family to hunt. If you do not want 
to shoot them they are tame, but as 
soon as a gun arrives on the scene the 
Magpie is sitting ina distant tree be- 
yond the reach ofany marksman. And 
if you do get a fair shot at one by some 
keen stratagem of yours, the many nois- 
es that hundreds were making before 
the report of the gum are all quiet now 
except the rustling of wings in the un- 
derbrush. Andina minute or so they 
may be seen rising from all parts of the 
Jow brushy creek bottom and gathering 
in flocks they wing their way far from 
the p.ace where you are standing in 
hopeless medidation. You might as 
well turn homeward now as one shot on 
a mountain stream will drive every bird 
far up the creek and keep them on close 
lookout for several days. 

However in the breeding season they 


ean be shot easily, as they try to protect 


their eggs from plunder. 

What can be more delightful than to 
start’ out on a collecting trip early in 
the morning with a basket and after 
roaming over the rugged mountain side 
up one gorge and down another breath- 
ing the pureand bracing air of the west- 
ern highlands. To return home and 
find that you have taken ten or fifteen 
clutches of beautiful fresh eggs. 

IT would like to tell you more about 
the habits and tricks of this interesting 
bird as seen in the clear sunlight wing- 
ing its way from tree to tree; and asa 
mounted specimen itis a grand work of 
art to study the different expressions 
and casts of mind that can be brought 


THE OOLOGIST. 


out by the different possitions the tax-~ 
idermists may place him. 

All I can say to the readers of this 
and to the lovers of science is that the 
study of Ornithology and Odlogy, is a 
grana and elevating science. It is one 
in which a true searcher after truth may 
see the height and breadth that the hu- 
man mind is able to expand to. 

Then let us all, through the elevating 
and ennobling study of this science 
mould our life after the pattern for 
wnich we were created, and placed in 
this great cycle of life and decay. 

; W.T SHaw, 
Bozeman, Mont. 


MAY CONTEST. 


Sixty Judges. 
Prize winners and credits received by 
each were as follows: 
1. Among the Snake Birds. 
2. Raptores of Omaha. 140. 
3. California Quail in New Zealand. 


219). 


4. Short-billed Marsh Wren. 

aie Plumage. 82 : : 

“7 Courtesy aud Business in Ex-~- 
changing. 82. 

The following were awarded one 
year’s subscription to the ObLOGIST: 

Life of Alexander Wilson. 58. 

Prairie Horned Lark. 52. 

Below we name the winners of the 
Judges’ prizes and the order in which: 
they named the winning articles in 
their decisions. 

1) Nios yl SAN OR 
Gaines, N. ¥Y. 1, 2, 3) 0, 4. 

2. 1—W.H. Myles, Hamilton, Ont. 
i By Oe a 

3. 8—Ed. Doolittle, Painesville, O. 

3, 4, 5, 2. 

4, 28—Jno.S. Fiddes, Jackson,Minn. 
AL, BS Oh. 

5 

4 


103. 


Hutchinson. 


56—B. C. Rhodes, Toulon, Ills. 

1 Be fy Ike 

A World’s Fair Almanae was award- 
ed to S. H. Robbe, Belleville, Mich. 


THE OOLOGIST. 213 


500 New Subscribers 


ARE WANTED AT ONCE 
FOR THE OOLOGIST! 


And to Secure them we will Pay 
Hundreds of Dollars 


IN PREMIUMS. 

Every subseriber at only 50c. re- 
ceives the OdLOGIsST monthly for one 
year, and in addition two coupons 
worth not less than 75e. to any live col- 
lector. Every present subscriber re- 
ceives for each and every new snbserib- 
er he sends in, 25c. worth of eggs, spec- 
imens or anything we offer in our new 
*Mid-Summer Premium List, (which is 
mailed to all present subscribers on 
July 10th) his own selection. 

Now in addition to all this, we pro- 
pose to show our friends our apprecia- 
tion for their labors in our behalf (Gn 
sending in the 500 new subscribers to 
the O6LoaIsT, which we are to receive 
during the next thirty days (in the fol- 
lowing substantial manner viz: 

To the person who will send us the 
largest number of full year new sub- 
seribers before Aug. 20th, 1893, 
we will in addition to all other pre- 
miums, make him a cash present of 
25¢. for each subscription sent in, e. g.: 
should he send 100 new subscribers, we 
will send him $25.00 in cash or if his 
list numbered 40 subseribers, he would 
receive $10.00 cash. (Larger or smaller 
in like proportion.) 

To the person sending the second 
largest list, we will pay as an addition- 
al premium 20c. for each subseription. 
Third largest "list 15c. for each name. 
Fourth lars gest list 124c. for each name. 
Fifth, 10c. per name. For the next five 
largest lists, 5e. per name. 

This special Premium Offer will close 
August 20th and will not be extended. 
Some of our patrons will receive big 
pay for a small ainount of labor. 

Send in your subscriptions early and 
often. Address, 

BP. A. LATTIN & Co., 


Albion, 
Orleans Co., N. Y. 

APR Can coin big money. Bran new 

ie plan. Great craze. Just out. 

A “Good side line.” Biggestchance 

H ever offered agents. salary or com- 

By mission. Be quick. Goods on 

credit. Samples, etc., Free. MUL- 

TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Phila..Pa. 

Department No, 171, Philadelphia. Pa. 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- 
rectly named. at moderate price. HERMANN 
ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- 
many. 


“BIRDS of MICHIGAN” 


A list of three hundred and _thir- 
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. 


JUST ISSUED! 


Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. 
Tt is in fact a work On the Birds of the Great 
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol- 
ogist in America. 


Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. 
Address 


F. H. Lattin & Co., 
Albion, N. Y. 


REMOVAL or 
CARR'S NATURAL HISTORY STORE 


After June 10, 18938, my Natural His- 
tory Establishment will be located at 
New London, Wis., where I shall 
be pleased to secure orders for goods 
and specimens inmy line. I shall ‘make 
a specialty of the mail business. 

(05) 05 Ceiaee 
(Formerly Madison, Wis..New London, Wis. 


New Standard Catalogue 


OF 
North /A\merican Birds [eggs 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. E. Bendire, J. 
Parker Norris, Esq., and 
Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O. 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species, over one 
hundred of which never appeared on any print 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given, and 
there is nota Dealer who could furnish over 
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

The Catalogue is printed on extra quality of 
paper and contains 53 pages, size 3344x5'% In. 


Price 35 cents per copy, 3 copies for $1.00. 
F.H.LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


i 


214 THE OOLOGIST. 


Fossils, Agates, shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa specialty. 


ScarHirEs Nopusus, M. and H. 


ANCOVA NEWS) LON WOR DIE IY oso Cosette saseendsoasseaaod 15 
NCtACOnVALCe MU Atal yee ee ese 

Anisomyon Yattelliformis 
Baculites ovatus 
Callista Deweyi 


TOAULOVE NTI COMO AA oon 15 
Lucina subundata............2..2....... 

Margarita Nebrasensis 
Nucula cancellata 
Scaphites nodusus 
Martesia cuneata.____. 
Turnus Stimpsoni 
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus.. 

PA Se UY I AM NESTA CE PELE Doli Wa t= Sees Ura 125) COTS 
Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to .50 
Tregonucarpus nuts (ossil) size of Hickorv 

nD 


UH SNe 4 oN Ch I eo cae eg te ecto ac ele -20 to .25 
TNO SASIUL WEBNVES) oo a RU ee eng 15 to .75 
INE RENSSS T ONU SH Oa aR oA ae peasaeea eee a ESeO 10 to .50 
WOMSHCORSEER Reise ee teeieen ele 25 to $2.00 
California Onyx, ae ra HARD Crees 40 to $1.75 
Petoskey Agates, << (We eer oA Mens ec 25 to .75 
Fossil ferns. Lee ne Sa wALM Lda CuO Neehese ests 15 to .75 
TCUTHNAOOL GROOM os) ea scat e yes eeccen 10 to .50 
ANFRENIVARO | POXOYON oss se Ae ee he 10 to .50 
SRONCELALUMIG Cee nae peewee Aree 10 to .25 
HONEYCOMB AVaieeeen e  ee 10 to .25 
Sponge lava, will float in WWAbe eee: -15 to .50 
Lava, has been melted, and run like Molasses 
CORN AVO Kies ea TNgE Rea onus Ua gee ...15 to .50 
Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per 
PO GUUTRS NE CREE ay AGN se fasts ie ee $1.50 to $2.00 
BUtialOmMOrns Weep alte =e eee eT 50 to $1.50 
Rattles from Rattlesnake _.....-.........-....... 10 to .25 
Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Singapore 


CUO REA IR INU Sas CLERC eRe UE TER 25 to $2.00 

Small mixed shells from West Indes, per pint .50 
Large Assortment of showy American and 

HOGISS ME SEI Sua teeta ees 10 to $5.00 each 


10 per cent discount on cash orders of 


$10.00 or more. 
Send for price lists. 
Homer squyer, 


Mingusville, - - Montana. 


tes For complete description of back num- 
bers soe June OOLUGIST. 


Our Prices for Back Numbers of the 
YOUNG OOLOGIST 


AND THE 


OOLOGIST 


Will, during 1892, remain as 
quoted below 


After which the prices of maiy numbers will be 
advanced and possibly not obtainable at any 
price. Should you desire back numbers to com- 
plete your file. now is the time to purchase. You 
can never obtain them for less money and possi- 
bly not af any price, as our stock ranges from 
only 5 to 100 copies of an issue. 


Our prices untll Feb, 2, 
as follows: 

Nos. 18, 21, 32 and 42 are 15cts, 
each. Nos. 11, 18, 14, 20, 238-24. 
34-85, 53, 60, 61, 64, 06-67, 75, 
77,79 and 9O, 10Oc. each. 


t= All 
copy. 


FOR ONLY $3.50 CASH we will send 
by return mail a copy of every issue published— 
Nos. 1 to 36 inclusive. 


FOR GNLY 50c, we will send a package of 
twenty (zu) all back numbers, our selection. 


FOR ONLY $1.00 wewillsend a package 
of torty (45) back Papers all different, our selec. 
tion. 


Our prive for back Nos. of the YouNG OOLOGIstT 
and OoLoGrsT in volumes, are as follows. 


1894, are 


other numbers, 5c. per 


Vol. I. YOUNG OOLOGIST, Nos. TRO 1) oes $.70 
Oo Tle se a9 NBS eg Ta -20 
‘“TTl. THE OOLOGIST, CH NS iO) AD. 3 
“TV WH “ 9) t0 25-26... 30 
OB WW, GG Ge OOP SAK) Bhs) scare ssccc. 60 
O60 WT fe sl <¢ 39 to 50 
OG WHIT 20 th se 51 to 62 
Go WATBES 99 “ “* 63 to 74 
CGV} Dignan es nD ELOLS One 


BOUND VOLUMES. 


Can be furnished, handsomely and strongly 
bound 1n cloth, as tollows; 


Vol. I. YOUNG QOLOGIST ely pio pe eee ee $.85 
OCI HT. oe and Vol. II] THE 
O -LoeIsT, bound in One volume for only .75 
“TX. PHe OOLOGIST f07 792, 298 pages of val- 
uable and instructive Oological and 
Ornithological matter with many full 
page iliustr NUT OT SHO INITa Vere eee eee eee $1.00 


Or if yo! order the three volumes at one time, we 
will send them by return mail for only $2.25, HKv- 
ery student of birds, their nests and eggs, should 
have these three volumes in their Jibrary. The 
valuable information they contain, is worth 
many times the price. Address 


F. H. LATTIN & CO, 
Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 215 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaist will visit them during 


the 


World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R. 


R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance— 


three story building 


and occupies a new 


, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 


Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Bivls and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 


EGGS In a 


a Public Museum 1 in the State. 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees, Manuf‘actur rs, etc., 
are daily requesting us to supply t e uddresses 
ot reliable circular distributors, bill posters, 
ete. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will 
open np in 200,000 AGENTS HERAI.DS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to one man, woman 
or youth in every town and hamlet in the U. S. 
and Canada. ‘The early bird catches the 
worm.’? We wantafew such ads. as Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH editions of AGENT’S HERALD. 


RUN Nails up signs, distributes circul- 
ars, papers, Samples, etc., through- 
out Bleckhawk and surrounding counties 
only $3.00 per 1000. Address W.H.BRUNN, 
Waterloo, Ia. 

Brunn paid $2. 40 to insert above 4 lines, June 
90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con- 
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him, clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a 
day ‘distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for 
many firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. 
It costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone 
to mail 1000 cirtulars. A saving to each firm 
who employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may 
each send you 1000 at the same time, making 
1000 packages of 10 each, for distributing which 
you would promptly receive $30, $15 in advance 
and $15 when work is done. Parents make 
your boys a present. Start them in this growing 
business. Begin this neat business before 
some one in your cc unty gets the start of you. 
“Come inon the ground floor.’’ Instructions 
How to Conduct the Business, Free. to each 
distributor ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or 
postage stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad”’. 

AGENTS HERALD, 
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada’, Pa. 


i) ONLY DIRECTORY om Barts 


Gillin Guaranteeing 30,000. For 
= ' only 10 cents (regular price 
ay 25 cents.) your name, if re- 
s ceived within next 30 


Ue days, will be BOLDLY 
printed on gummed 
paper, and from Pub- 
lishers, Manufactur- 
i] ers and others, you 
|| willreceive hundreds 
probably thousands, 
of valuable Books, 
Samples, Papers, Maga- 
= # zines, etc. Al free and 
sli} each parcel with one of 
: S Pen your boldly printed ad- 
dresses Canta hereon EXTRA! Wewillalso 
print and prepay Postace on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, ete., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6. 
1891. DEAR Sr1rs—My 500 addresses receiv’ ed. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 
turers, etc. are arriving daily, on valltatle parcels of 
fail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE, 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY CO., 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


\\ yy CHAS. K.REED, 2 
y beMainSt WORCESTERMASS: 


400 yariertes or stamps $1.00 
Duplicates can be returned. 
AN UNUSUAL OFFER 


Vivo ISS (GIBIBVANINISG 


827 BRANNAN St. SAN FRANSISCO, CAL. 
Catalogue for stamp. 


H. H. & C.8. BRIMLEY, 


RALEIGH, N. C. 
——§COLLECTORS.— 
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins 
and Eggs. Also Reptiles, Batrachians, 
Embyros, ete., in alcohol. Full data in 
all eases. Write for price-list. 


216 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Presented during 1893 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 
THE OOLOGIST. 


Each month during 1893 we shall 
give five prizes. These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s O6LOGIST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ “‘Key to North American 


IBS! ear i lsc noe $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘Manual of North 
AnmMericany Dindseee sei. er. 7 50 


Chamberlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- 
Ogye (ZmVOls» a aee 
Goss’s ‘‘Birds of Kansas”... .... 
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’s)‘‘Amer- 
icansOrmithologyee. = seco 7 50 
Maynard’s‘Birds of EasternNorth 
America”’ (text complete). 15 00 
Washington Irving’s Works, 10 


RAC USP Ve J AC te 7 50 
Wm. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10 
NUR) gene nena nie sy mc ra . 10 00 


Jenk’s ““ComprehensiveCommen- 

tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 

large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographic Books 


and Publications.......... 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 
IIREVEVASIE dee Sia da oe wan aionuls 6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 
ThOVep a) RUDGE ASS Sih a Bl eS 31 50 
A Due-Rill good jor$33.00towards 
a new$45.00AmericanUnion 
(same as New Home) Sew- 
inceMiachine: cap ee ee 38 00 
A Due-Bill good for$12.00towards 
a new $20 double case Odell 
IVD eRWiRIeT errs 12 00 
2nd Prize each month will be a part 
of ‘‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,” each containing an ayerage 
of 8 plates and 340 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 
worth at publisher’s original price not 
far from $7.50. 
3d Prize—Langille’s ‘Our Birds in 
Their Haunts’’, $3.00 
4th Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North American 
Odlogy” unbound, no plates, original 
price about $3.00. 
5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- 
can Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Each article receiving at least as 
many credits as there are number of 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded the 
OoLoeisr for 1893 bound ir cloth and 
gilt. 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as man) eredits as the number of 
Judges and not winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subserip- 
tion to the OoLoeistT. 

All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which 
is shipped at winner’s expense. 

—<D>-8-E>— 
You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the first of next month. 
Write on back of a postal ecard the tive 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of Od6LOGIsT and 
mail to us. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes 
should be awarded. 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s ‘Birds of 
Eastern North Ameriea’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
and 264 pages, strongly bound in heavy 
manilla covers and at publisher’s origi- 
inal price are worth at least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book ‘Small 
Talk about Business.” 

3d A Combination «. icroseope. 

4th An Agate Watch Charm. 

oth A Pocket Knife. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
winning articles in their exact orderand 
not winning one of the five special 
prizes we will give aop y of the ‘‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue of North America Birds 
Eggs.” 

‘To each Judge naming the prize- 
winning articles but not in their exact 
order and not winniug one of the five 
special prizes we will give a copy of 
that elegant new Columbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 25 ets.). 

All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail 
prepaid. 

Address your decision to 

FRANK H. LAtrin, 
Albion, N. Y. 


RIRITRIRTRIED 
ve 


Le 
ZA nthly. 
as Monthly 


% MH OLOGIST, < 


SSE NSB SS eS SB NBOEBSB i 
: é . . 


eZ 7) \paRaer aeaesse" 
? 


? 
re 


50c. per Year. aS 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., AUG., 1893. 


NO. 8 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, ‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50G per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. ; 
‘‘D BALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for ** Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


W. WRIGHT, Fullerton Ave., Montelair, N. 
J. has a genuine first-class birch bark canoe. 
Will sell or exchange for detective camera. 
Send for description. 


FINE SETS of Eggs and Skins given in ex- 
change for Star tobacco tin tags. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


WILL accept as many Star tobacco tin tags 
between now and Sept. 15th as you can send 
me giving you in exchange some rare bargains 
in eggs in sets with full data for same. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


STAMPS WANTED.—Will give fossils, min- 
erals, shells, eggs or scientific books for all 
kinds of stamps in any quantity. Good ex- 
change given for Columbian and all kinds of U. 
S. stamps. Collections wanted. E. S. PARK, 
1125 Pleasant St., Des Moines, Ia. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Sets with data of Hum- 
mingbirds(with nest with branch attached, Rap- 
tores and Other desirable sets and singles. also, 
new $10.50 Smith & Wesson revolver. 32 calibre, 
double action for a good camera, rifle or tele- 
scope. EDMUND HELLER, 195 Rubidoux 
Ave., Riverside, Calif. 


WANTED.—Star tobacco tin tags in lots of 
10, 20. 30, 40, or 50. Will give in exchange eggs 
in sets taking tags at)sc. each. HENRY DAVIS, 
North Granville, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Volumes of ‘The Auk’ will give 
eges and climbers for them. To exchange sets 
and singles for sets. Western and southern 
correspondents wanted. JOHN C. BROWN, 
Carthage, Mo. 


TO EXCH ANGE.—A fine collecting gun, 
also very choice lot of minerals for a first-class 
kodak. detective or tourists camera. PHILO 
W. SMITH. JR., Mona House, St. Louis, Mo. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Sets with data, Herons, 
Hawks, Ducks, Grebes, Sandpiper, Bittern. 
Wanted, sets Murres, Cal. Murre,*Brunnich’s 
Murre, Pallas’ Murre. Razor-billed Auk and 
many others. J. BELLFIELD BEAN, N col: 
let, Minn. 


NOTICE.—I have a fine list of first-class sets 
and singles to exchange for sets with data. Also 
Ege tools and datas given in exchange for 
eggs. ISADOR 5S. TROSTLER, 4246 Farnam 
St.. Omaha, Neb. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Skins of tTvory-billed 
Woodpecker for Eggs in sets or cash. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


I WOULD like to exchange mounted birds 
for same,also to correspond with Taxidernists, 
also eggs wanted. A. S. BROWER, Box 150 
Ballston Spa, N. y. 


WANTED .—Especially large fine sets. Bald 
Eagles, Pigeon Guillemot, Royal Tern. Yellow- 
nosed Albatross, Northern Wider, White and 
Searlet Ibis, Canada Grouse. Sharp-shinned 
Hawk, Prairie Falcon. Chuck-wills-widow, Par- 
auque and Long-billed Curlew. None but the 
finest desired. Will exchange or pay cash. 
CHARLES M. ELDREDGE, 314 Chamber of 
Commerce, Chicago. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets with full 
data for Star tobacco tin tags. Want 2000 or 
3000. HENRY DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Everybody interested in birds to 
send for my new price list, also want anybody 
having skins for sale to send me their list. I 
especially desire skins of Wild Turkey, Caro- 
lina Paroquet, Gulls, Terns and Sea Birds, Wil- 
low Ptarmigan. Canada Grouse, Eagles, Vul- 
tures. Geese. Eiders. ete. ITalso want a good 
collector to collect Ducks. Geese, ete. for me 
this fall and winter. EDGAR A. FERO. 116 
Ontario St., Cohoers.N Y. 


PERHAPS this will interest vou. A fine set 
of 2 Great Black-back Gul] for $.53 or a set of 3 
for $.80. Gray-crowned Leucosticte. Rusty 
Black-bird and Black-throated Green Warbler. 
nicely stuffed for $1.50 or $.56 each, postpaid. 
JAMES P. BABITT. Taunton. Mass. 


MANY varieties of stamps and single eggs to 
exchange for sets with data. Send list of s ts 
soon as [have about 2000 varieties of stammns. 
W.H. SINTON, 216 Neal Bldg , Baltimore. Md. 


218 


WANTED.—Double barreled shotgun. For 
trade, Small Printing press, full printer’s case 
of type, 22 cal. pocket rifle, 28 cal revolver and 
6 keyed piccolo. C. W. WELLS, Atlanta, 111. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


SEND me a trial order for Job Printing. Any- 
thing in the line of Letter heads, Envelopes, 
Datas, Labels, ete. May exchange some for 
eggs. W. W. LOOMIS, Clermont, lowa. 


TO EXCHANGE.— $100 worth of stuffed birds 
and mammals, eggs. stamps and rifle for watch 
and bicycle. FRED S. HAGGART, Chagrin 
Falls, Ohio. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class Bird Skins 
and a few sets, for first-class skins. Send list 
and receive mine. WILL DE LA BARRE, 13801 
7th St., So. Minneapolis, Minn. 


FOR SALE.—First-class sets or singles of 
American Bittern at 30c. per egg and other eggs 
in proportion. Will exchange eggs for good 32 
cal. revolver or violin. DANA C. GILLETT, 
Barre Center, N. Y. 


FOR SALE.—A $45 safety, 26 in. solid tire in 
good order $20. Mounted Horned Owl, extra 
fine $5.00. Mounted Red-tailed Hawk. wings 
spread, $3. C, E. PLEAS, Dunreith, Ind. 


WANTED.—Skins, eggs. Have skins, Cabi- 
nets, cases, etC. made to order, 9 years exper- 
ience. Send lists. A. W. HANAFORD, 21 


Olive St., Grand Rapids, Mich. 


SETS for sets. Yellow Warbler double and 
single nests, Purple Grackle, Catbird, Song 
Sparrow. Blackbird, Phoebe, Bluebird, Robin 
and turtle eggs. J, H. CLARK, Paterson, N. J. 


5000 duplicate specimens of Insects in all or- 
ders, mostly named, to exchange for others or 
eggs. Would like Hercules or Goliath Beetles. 
E. D. BALL, Ia. Ag. College, Ames, Ia. 


TO EXCHANGE. My entire collection of 
800 birds eggs in large or small lots for miner- 
als or Indian relics. C. G. SARGEANT, Win- 
nebago City. Minnesota. 


FOR SALE.—Hummer’s eggs, Costa’s n-2 
#1. Calliope n-8 $1.25, Extra nests 25c. Many 
other California Birds Eggs for sale or ex- 
change. Send for list. DAY & GARNIER, 
Deluz, San Diego Co., Calif. 


NEW MEXICAN mounted birds and five 
pairs of Great Horned Owl’s eyes to exchange 
for eggs, Skins, Davie’s Eggs, cloth bound, lat- 
est edition, and taxidermist’s instruments. 
EMERSON ATKINS, East Las Vegas, New 
Mexico. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Rare sets to ex- 
change A. O. U. No’s 10, 18, 3la, 72. 84, 137. 250, 
374, 417, 579, 615. 667, 707a, 728 and many others. 
CHARLES E. DOE, 64 Comstock Ave., Provi- 
deuce, R. I. 


W ANTED.—Star tobacco tin tags in lots of 
from 100 to 5000. For every 100 Star tags sent 
me between now and Sept 15th I will give any 
one of the following sets with full data: Anna’s 
Hummer n-2, Costa’s Hummer n-2, Black-chin- 
ned Hummer n-2 or will accept tags allowing 
you 3c. each in exchange for eggs. For 1000 
Tags a fine skin of Ivory-billed Woodpecker 
putupin first-class condition. For 2000 tags 
one fine gold filled watch case guarantced to 
wear 15 years with Am. Waltham or Elgin 
movements, value $25. For 8000 your own sel- 
ection of sets to theamountof$90 from a large list 
of rare eggs. For 5000 any of the following: 
One gold watch case,cash value$50.0ne Reming- 
ton double barrel breech loading sbot gun with 
full set of reloading tools and 200 loaded shells, 
eash value $50. Sets, your own selection, from 
such sets as Hawks, Owls, Gulls, Ducks, etc., 
etc., or accepting tags at rate as stated before. 
You can forward me tags in smal) or large lots. 
Match box is a good thing to send them in. 
Any other information cheerfully furnished. 
HENRY DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


NOTICE.—I will exchange Maynard’s Butter- 
flies of New England for best offer of eggs in 
sets with data. Address THOS. A. SMITH- 
WICK, Walke, Berzie C>., N. C. 

I WANT Medical Text Books, Charts, Mani- 
kins and Anatomical preparations. can give 
skins, mounted specimens, Natural History, 
Manuals and other books, eggs, set machani- 
cal telephones, fluting machine, flne laundry 
irons, everything new. If nothing in the anat- 
omical_ line, what have you to offer. J.J.WIRZ, 
Rutherfordton, N. C. 


SPECIAL NOTICE.—To exchange, Egyptian 
Vulture 1-2 (Weophron percnopterus) and Emu 
1-5 (Dromaeus novaehollandiae) for best offer in 
first-class sets or such works as Nuttal’s Or- 
nithology, Horniday’s Taxidermy. Goss’ Birds 
ot Kansas, or Bird Nesting in North-west Can- 
ada. No postals answered. DR. MARTIN, 
Wellington, Kansas. 


TO EXCHANGE.—I will exchange first-class 
Singles for sets with data. Send list and re- 
ceive mine. R. H. OLNEY, Marathon, Iowa. 


IT HAVE 460 kinds of Foreign and native 
woods will exchange for woods not;in my collec- 
tion. 720f them are from British Syniania, 
S.A. Address LOUIS W. HAHN, Box 360, Sil- 
ver Creek, Chautauqua Co., N. Y. 


TO EXCHANG #.—A fine collection of 70 var- 
ities Ist class singles, Cata. value $10, for Cam- 
era, printing press, rifle. sets, etc., or for Cash 
at % price. Make offers. I H. STRATTON, 
Toulon, Ils. 


WANTED.—Strictly first-class sets of Mead- 
ow Lark, Horned Lark, Osprey, Red-tailed and 
Red-shouldered Hawks, Screech Owl, Red-eyed 
Vireo, Cedar Bird, Hairy aud Downy Wood- 
peckers, Yellow and Black-billed Cuckoos, 
Belted Kingfisher, Purple Martin, Passenger 
Pigeon, Killdeer, Bartram’s and Spotted Sand- 
piper, Laughing Gull, Skimmer. Caspain and 
Roseate Terns, Leaches’ Petrel, American Bit- 
tern, Blue-winged Teal. Black Tern, Warblers, 
etc., many others. .Can offer in exchange some 
rare sets which I collected this spring in North- 
west Canada and the Rockies and also fine sets 
of Sea birds, Plovers, Hawks and Owls from 
Iceland and Lapland, send for my list of dupli- 
cates. W, RAINE, Bleeker St. Toronto, Can. 


FOR EXCHANGE.— Western Gull 1-2,Laugh- 
ing Gull 1-8, Sooty Tern 1-1, Bridled Tern 1-1, 
Black Tern 1-3. Noddy Tern 1-1. Farralone Cor- 
morant 1-4. Least Bittern 1-5 1-6, Virginia Rail. 
1-8 1-10 Sora Rail 1-8 1-9 1-10, Fla. Gallinule 1-6 
1-9 1-10, Bart. Sandpiper 1-4, Bobwhite 1-10,Red- 
tailed Hawk 1-2 1-3, Red-shouldered Hawk 1-2 
1-4, Screech Ow] 1-4, Black Phoebe 1-4, Bobolink 
1-4, Yellow-headed Blackbird 1-5 1-6, Long-billed 
Marsh Wren 1-5 1-6, Meadow Lark 1-4 1-5, Yel- 
low-billed Magpie 1-5, Bank Swallow 1-5, Tree 
Swallow 1-5, Cliff Swallow 1-5 1-6, Yellow-billed 
Cuckoo 1-4, Black-billed Cuckoo 1-3 1-4, Cha- 
chalaca 1-2, Caracara 1-2, Belted Kingfisher 1-6, 
Orchard Oriole 1-4 1-5, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 
1-4 1-5, Limpkin 1-6, Sooty Grouse 1-5, Cardinal 
1-4. CHARLES M. ELDREDGH, 314 Chamber 
Commerce, Chicago. : 


THE OOLOGIS'T. 319 


EXCHANGE NOTICE’—My collection and 
duplicates of stamps, postal cards, Mexican en- 
velopes for eggs or skios. J. K. STRICKER, 
Jr., care of J. W. Gooch, Waco, Tex. 


SETS of White-faced Glossy Ibis, Avocet, 
Black Stilt,Least Vireo and others to exchange 
for desirable first-class sets. Send list. A. M. 
SHIELDS, Los Angeles, Cal. 


WANTED.—Live squirrels, coons, foxes, etc. 
Will give eggs, stamps and cash. Write stating 
What you have and price wanted. W. A. JOHN- 
SON, 123 W. Brooks St., Galesburgh, Ill. 


EXCHANGHEH.—A. 0. U. Nos. 152 1-11, 375 1-2 
© 1, 368 1-2, 337 2-2 1-1, 325 3-2, 373 1-3, 417 2-2, 333 2-4 
608 2-3, 6183-3 1-4. Specially desire sets with un- 
questionable data of 3805, 310, 314, 362, 349, 352, 
182. Also have cheap sets for same, WIL- 
LIAMSON & CHADWICK, Loring, Kas. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A few choice sets. 141 
1-10, 335 1-2, 337b 1-2, 360 1-5, 362 1-2, 373c 1-2, 378 1-7 
431 n-1 n-2, 476 1-6 1-7, 742 n-4 and many others. 
WILFRED H. OSGOOD, San Jose, Cal. 


WANTED.—Shot gun except single muzzle 
loader, Rifle breech loader except choap grade 
floberts. Revolver best grades, Safety Bicycle, 
Field Glass, Carpenter tools Will give extra 
good exchange in Eggs. Watches, Books, Pa- 
pers, V nickles. C. BYRON VANDERCOOK, 
Odin, Ils. 2AS 


EXCHANGE.—Great Hivents of the Greatest 
Century ($6.50) and Rand, McNally & Co’s At- 
las ($4.50); both new; for Coues’ Key in good 
condition. A.S. PEARSE, Beatrice, Neb. 


WANTED.—A Remington Cane Gun, 22 cal. 
Also Cassins’ ‘‘Birds of California” or parts of 
same. E. J. BROWN, 820 20th St., .N. W., 
Washington, D. C. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A 12 bore breech loading 
gun and a lotof books. Will exchange for 32 
Repeating rifie or eggs. SAM TAYLOR, Pal- 
estine, Tex. 


SETS of Americun Redstart, Crow, Wood 
Pewee, Indigo Bunting and others to exchange. 
Common sets wanted, send lists. Several vol- 
umes of Argosy to exchange. Address, AR- 
CHIE M. HOWBES, 446 West 3 St., Erie, Pa. 


WANTED.—Three fine skins of Bald Eagle, 
and 6 skins of White-winged Crossbill. For 
above we will give the very best exchange in 
anything we have for sale. Write at once. 

E. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


FIRST 6 parts ($1 each) of Nehiling’s North 
Amer. Birds, (complete in 12 parts with 36 col- 
ored plates) for eggs in sets. GUY A. MOORE, 
1436 Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. 


FOR SALE.—Collection relics, 12 fonts type 
and press, few minerals, etc., etc., cheap. R. 
M. DALRYMPLEH, Baker, O. 


SOUTHWESTERN eggs in sets with data 
for sale at % catalogue prices, also will ex- 
change same for a good collection of stamps or 
eggs in sets. Send list and receive mine. H. 
SAYLES, JR., Abilene, Tex. 


WANTED.—Star tobacco tin tags in small or 
large lots. Can offer you in exchange for them 
Bird Eggs, Skins, Indian Relics,Shells,Stamps, 
Old Coins, Guns, Revolvers, Watches or curios- 
ities of any kind, taking tags at rate 3c. each in 
trade. Write me what you want. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, Washington Co.,N.Y. 


WANTED.—A repeating shot gun and Davies’ 
Nest and Eggs, second preferred, if you have 
same write to me giving condition, good bar- 
gains, all answered. JOHN J. KINGSLEY, 10 
Elm St., Rutland, Vt. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—About 140 first-class 
birds eggs, contains, Gulls, Tern, Hawk, Owls. 
and many desirable singles. Will exchange for 
printer’s materials, type, etc. F. C. HUBBARD. 
Geneva. O. 


A COLLECTION of rare Southwestern eggs, 
such as A. O. U. No’s 339a, 341, 375a, 398, 453 and 
a great many others, all first-class in complete 
sets with data, 27 species, 117 eggs. catalogue 
value $28.30, The first person remitting $13 
gets it. H. SAYLES, JR., Abilene, Texas. 


FOR EXCHANGE. Ihave for exchange one 
28 inch, cusion tire, safety bicycle, ball bearing 
all around, to exchange for self-inking printing 
press, not less than 6x9, with type. this is a bar- 
gain for some one. F.C. HUBBARD. Geneva, 

hio. 


FOR SALE.—Ithave 8 Botany collecting 
cans, regular price $1.50; will sell for 75 cents 
each. Botany press, regular price $3, will sell 
for $1.50 to close out. These are all new. <A 
few Davie’s paper covered Nest and Eggs for 
$1. C.F. CARR, New London, Wis. 


EMUE and Ostrich eggs in exchange for other 
eggs, also California Murre eggs exchanged for 
common eggs in sets or singles. Send your 
list and best offer. A. EK. LITTLE, 225 Market 
St., San Francisco, Cal. 


NOTICE !—I have a great many A 1 sets of 
Black-chimed and Costa Hummers n-2, which JT 
wish to sell or exchange. Any one desiring 
large or small quantities of these species please 
write to RALPH ARNOLD, Pasadena, Cal. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—I have U.S.and Foreign 
Stamps, Eggs, Minerals, Books, Stamps Jour- 
nals, to exchange for Eggs or N.S. Goss Birds 
of Kansas and Coues’ Key, W. S. COLVIN, 
Girard, Kans. 


A SNAP.—Caligraph typewriter, tent, water- 
motor, Egg cabinet, lathe, Oologist’s tools, 
‘Davie’s Nest and Eggs,” and ‘‘Birds Nesting 
in Northwest Canada,”’ for sale cheap. H. W. 
ISAACS, Prospect House, Niagara, Falls, N.Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Great Horned Owl. good 
condition, stuffed; Youths Companion, 91, °92; 
Golden Days, 791, ’92; Twenty-volumes of latest 
fiction, three volumes history. for Climbers and 
sets of first-class eggs (non Iowa). POWELL 
& LAING, 179 5th Avenue, Cedar Rapids, Ia. 


SETS 5, 125, 311, 396, 410, 512, 706, 707 and 
others. also rare stamps to exchange for first- 
class sets. Send list. H.C. HIGGINS, Cinein- 
natus, N. Y. 


FOR SALE.—Black-chinned, Rufous and 
Anna’s Hummingbirds eggs for 50¢:a set with 
nest anddata. Over 100 sets on hand. W.B 
JUDSON, 315 New High St., Los Angeles Cal’ 


WANTED.—Singles of any of following A, 
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412a, 445, 486, 530a, 534, 550, 563a, 590, 628, 637. 694, 
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220 
TRAVELING collectors wanted. Full par- 
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7 
OoLoGists’ instruments, minerals,curiosities, 
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BUTTERFLIES and MOTHS. All first-class 
quality. brilliant colors and perfectly mounted 
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EGGS. 

From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- 
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ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- 
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)4sea Shells in neat cabinet, namea 
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NN} logue of Nat. Hist, specimens. post 
Y paid, 30c. C.F. CARR, 


New London, Wis. 


“BIRDS of MICHIGAN” 


A list of three hundred and_thir- 
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. 
JUST ISSUED! 


Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. 


It is in fact a work on the Birds of the Great 
Lake Region. and will interest every Ornithol- 
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—COLLECTORS.— 
First-class Bird and Mammal Skins 
and Eggs. Also Reptiles, Batrachians, 
Embyros, ete., in alcohol. Full data in 
all eases. Write for price-list. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa specialty. 


Nh 


ScAPHITES Nopusus, M. and H. 


Aporrhails\s ian gua tals 2 eee eee eee 15 
INCtACONKAT LETT Teles ee eee ee 15 
Anisomyon oabtellifor mis n e ee ee 20 
IBACUIGCESIOVAUGUS eres ee ope eaeneeee 10 to $1.00 
CalilistarDe we yay eet ae ae eee ae eee 15 to .25 


Dentalium gracile 
EVep Te Apa Tn © Tee ee eee 


ss Crispin aS 15 t0/.75 
Lunatia concinna 
Luecina, subundata....... 2.2... REGS UO 15 
Marz aritaNe basen sl Se mass een ele eee.) 15 
INTC UTA CACO TTA eee ene 15 
SCAPHILES MOUS IS eee eee ,10 to $2.00 
Martesia: cuneatae e222 ua eee 15 
RULNUS SEM PSOM i eee 15 


Sewer YE Ss Se ea een ZO RTO Ca) 
Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to .50 


UG eS SS Gare eet -20 tO .25 
JNO SSI! EEN YESS seo cscesacsnogaconsomennecn 15 


INSETS), ROW oie cetodapedeecose 50 
uP POLSHE De ie Ny Sener 25 to $2.00 
California Onyx, polished...................... 40 to $1.75 
Petoskey Agates, ‘‘ LDS ok NES Teal alter aes 25 to .75 
Mossiliierns sae bana me Asees at Sl 15 to .75 
Petrified wOOd eee eee 10 to .50 
IAS ATIZE AS WO OG ye eee ee ee 10 to .50 
IROV CEL ALM ee ee es 10 to .25 
Honey-comb lava....... Mees Redan seats 10 to .25 
Sponge lava, will float in water................ 15 to .50 

Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses 
CCE WAY) Aileen oe iah emg MMR NC RAE a holt 15 to .50 

Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per 
| OF 1 eee Ee IE Ga nc $1.50 to $2.00 
Butialommorns; Per Pale recess eee 50 to $1.50 
Rattles from Rattlesmake __................-.... 10 to .25 

Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Singapore 
PN Oc hie USNC ESS LEU eR aad as Oe 25 to $2.00 


Small mixed shells from West Indes, per pint .50 
Large Assortment of showy American and 
MOTIC SMES HES eee een aeee 10 to $5.00 each 


10 per cent discownt on cash orders of 
$10.00 or more. 


Send for price lists. 


Homer Squyer, 


Mingusville, - - Montana. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., AUG., 1893. 


NO. 8 


‘SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


Journey to the Falls of Niagara. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH. 


V. 

In the month of October, 1804, Wil- 
:son accompanied by two companions, 
}Dunean and Leech, set out on foot to 
‘visit the Falls of Niagara. The journey 
there and back was performed in fifty- 
‘nine days ata late season of the year 
-and through almost an uninhabited 
-eountry. On his return he published 
in the form of a poem, entitled ‘‘The 
Foresters,’ an account of his remark- 
able journey. ‘‘The Foresters” com- 
menced in the July, 1809, number of 
The Portfolio, a monthly magazine pub- 
lished at Philadelphia and continued 
through nine numbers. The poem 
possessed considerable merit, though 
‘strongly marked with the prevailing 
‘faults of his poetical style. 

It was Indian Summer when Wilson 
-and his two companions standing on 
ethe green banks of Schuylkill’s winding 
iflood bade their parting friends adieu 
jfor a tour through the northern forests, 
as the region lying between Philadel- 
phia and Niagara was then ealled. 
They took their way northward through 
the old village of Germantown where 
but a few years previous the roar of the 
cannon signalized the strife for Ameri- 
cau Independence. The second day’s 
journey iay through the fertile county 
of Bucks, where the pious Quaker leads 
a life of thriftness and economy. The 
barren, sterile heights of Northampton 
-county with the German’s all-conquer- 
ing industry, next came under the for- 
esters notice Passing the town of 
Easton they pursue their course over 


bare mountains till the high towering 
peaks of Blue Mountain appear in front, 
and whose steeps each traveller ascends. 
From the summit a vast extent of 
country lay in range of the vision, and 
that atmospheric deception so com- 
monly seen in this region was equally 
deceptive to Wilson. He says ‘‘the 
effect of this deception was really as- 
tonishing. Nothing could be more evi- 
dent to the eye—the shores, the waters, 
studded with numerous islands seemed 
to disappear as if by enchantment.” 
While descending the rough mountain 
side a solitary hawk was seen sailing 
serene and eyeing the expanse below. 
Fluttering in its own blood at Wilson’s 
feet, whose shot had brought it down, 
Dunean remaked 


Thus falls many a son of pride 
While buoy’d in thought o’er all the world 
wide. 


On their way they perchance stray 
into a country school. The account of 
the schoolmaster dictated by Wilson’s 
own experience is written with great 
truth and energy. They spent that 
night ata humble settler’s hut far in 
the forest. The host spread before 
them the best his meagrestore afforded, 
and made the evening pass quickly and 
pleasantly by relating his hunting and 
trapping adventures among the moun- 
tains. Before the sun arose over the 
eastern hills we again find our travel- 
ers shouldering their knapsacks and 
trudging along, now beside a noisy 
ereek, now ascending a steep incline or 
pursuing their way through deepening 
swamps where large pines and hem- 
locks exclude the light of day. Near 
the close of the afternoon they were 
passing through an oak grove, whena 
black bear, so common in these moun- 
tains, was startled from his feast among 


\ 


229 THE OOLOGIST. 


the sweet acorns, by the sudden ap- 
pearance of the travellers. Both par- 
ties were equally surprised and fright- 
ened, for while the animal was crashing 
through the neighboring underbrush 
the hunters were fixed to the ground 
with surprise. Throughout the jour- 
ney the three companions frequently 
experienced such hunting exploits as 
the above: aud these coupled with mid- 
night talks around a camp-fire in the 
lonely forest, or in some settler’s lowly 
hut, made the journey one continued 
round of excitement and enjoyment. 
They kept on their march till the bird 
had sung its evening hymn, and then 
‘lying down to rest with no shelter but 
the star lighted skies. 

They depended on their rifles for 
subsistence and many were the grouse 
and quail that fluttered in the dust at 
their feet from the effects of those 
deadly weapons. These highly prized 
game birds were much more plentiful 
in the woods at that early time than 
now. Few settlers had undertaken to 
carve a home out of the wilderness of 
Northern Pennsylvania, and these few 
were unacquainted with the destructive 
influence of the modern breech-loading 
gun. 

They took their way through the val- 
ley of the Wyoming with its green 
banks, where the forest-wandering 
stream flows over broken rocks in 
whirling foam, and where in July, 1778, 
the iron-hearted soldiers of Butler, the 
tory and savage leader ‘‘I vow’d to the 
flames the weak submitting few.” 


Thence they journeyed along the shores’ 


of the Susquehanna. “The- river 
hemmed in by mounta ns,” as Wilson 
called it. At that time few huts ap- 
peared on its banks, and _ he says that 
even those few were wretched ones and 
seemed more like caves where Sloth 
and Poverty reside than places where 
human beings dwell. While following 
the winding course of this river they 
encountered, amidst a mouldering heap 


of logs one of those very dangerous rep-- 
tiles so common in that part of the 
country—a huge rattlesnake. Accord- 
ing to Wilson the snake was ‘‘three- 
times three feet in length.” Wilson 
quickly stepping back, levelled his gun 
and was about to end the reptile’s ex- 
istence at once when Dunean admiring 
the quickness with which the snake 
threw itself into a coil preparatory to 
defend itself, entreated Wilson to spare 
its life, which he did, saying that it was 
unfair fight—one against three. 
Ascending the Susquehanna the 
scenery is very varied. As they near’ 
the junction of the Chemung and 
Susquehanna, settlements become 
more numerous until they reach Athens 
which was then a small lumbering vil- 
lage. Leaving the river at the -village 
of Newton on the Susquehanna, they 
proceeded across the country, a dis- 
tance of about twenty miles to Cathar- 
ine’s Creek, a small stream forming the 
head waters of Seneca Lake. All day 
long they labored through the Great 
Catharine’s Swamp which extends over 
a great area in the vicinity of that 
ereek. Catharine Creek is navigable 
for about five miles from its mouth. 
On either side is a marsh to which mul- 
titudes of ducks and geese repair to 
feed while on their northern and south- 
ern migrations. While \ilson’s two 
companions went around the marsh to 
the east side of the lake, he procured 
the assistance of two boys and a boat 
aud they proceeded along the creek to- 
wards the lake. At a single discharge 
of the gun countless numbers of water 
fowls arose from the surrounding marsh 
and streamed down the lake in long 
files. His discharged his fowling piece 
with deadly effect and soon the bottom 
of the boat was filled. Towards night- 
fall they returned to the shore and ex- 
amined the day’s shooting. Among the 
spoils were canvas-back, wood, black 
and teal ducks, plover, snipe, divers, a 
white-tailed eagle, blue herons and two: 


THE OOLOGISY. 


“snow-white storks,” probably suowy 
herons and which he says in a foot note 
to his poem were ‘‘summer birds, and 
very transient visitants to these north- 
ern regions.”’ The foresters then went 
across the country, a distance of eight 
or ten miles directly east to Cayuga 
Lake. ‘There they purchased a_ boat, 
which they named ‘‘The Niagara,” and 
went down the lake to Seneca river. 
Following the course of this river they 
enter Lake Onondaga, thence the Os- 
wego river, and at last abandon their 
barge at Fort Oswego on the shores of 
Lake Ontario. At Fort Oswego they 
procured passage for Queenstown and 
at once embarked. While on their way 
a heavy storm came up which nearly 
destroyed the ship. Added to the un- 
easiness of a rough sea the three com- 
panions suffered severely from seasick- 
ness. 

Arriving at Queenstown after being 
tossed for several days in a boisterous 
sea, they at once set out on foot for the 
Falls of Niagara. When Wilson and 
his companions beheld the stupendous 
sheet of falling water their expectations 
were more than realized. He was f:- 
vorably affected by the sight of Niagara 
and it is interesting to observe how his 
favorite pursuit is associated with every 
striking scene. When he describes the 
cataract with its stupendous column of 
spray, he is not so much engaged with 
the grandeur of the scene as not to ob- 
serve the eagle towering at a great 
height above. 

After spending a few days at the 
Falls and vicinity they returned home 
through Central New York by the way 
of Albany and New York City, and ar- 
rived at Philadelphia after an absence 
of fifty-nine days. 


Twice Used Humming Birds’ Nests. 


No one having replied t» Mr. Camp- 
bell’s suggestive article in the June 
Oo6LoersT, I shall take this opportunity 


223 


to venture my experience relative to 
Humming Birds’ nests being used dur- 
ing a period of more than one season. 

Some time previous I made note in 
Tue ObLoaisr of finding a nest of the 
Annas Humming Bird which was re- 
markable in two points. Firstly on 
account of the exceptionally early date 
—Feb. 2—and secondly because it was 
a previously occupied nest, the young 
having been reared in it the year before. 

This nest contained two very slightly 
incubated eggs. 

It was very considerably enlarged. 
In fact it was the largest nest I have 
ever found. 

Another remarkable nest is one in 
the college grounds. It is quite famous 
among the students, having been built 
three years ago and has been the home 
for three broods of young—one every 
year. 

No attempt has been made to take 
it, probably because it would be ex- 
ceedingly difficult to reach. It is placed 
on a very slender twig of a cypress tree 
about twenty feet from the grourd and 
but a few feet from one of the college 
windows from whence the present bird 
can be seen patiently sitting upon her 
nest, and is greatly admired by the 
students. 

The nest was repaired this year about 
the first of March and the young haye 
left the nest long since. 

Another preoecupied nest, which is: 
the prettiest I have ever seen and is 
now inmy collection, was discovered 
by me on May 26, 1892. It was on a 
slender moss-covered twig of a linden 
tree, barely two feet above a creek. 
This nest contained two fresh eggs and 
was within four feet of another nest in 
the same tree, containing young. 

The old nest is plainly discernable at 
the bottom and a little to one side of 
the new one. I wonder if it could be 
possible that the nest containing young 
belonged to the former occupauts of the 
nest in question. ? 


> 224 THE OOLOGIST. 


Everything combined to make this 
nest artistic and beautiful. The sur- 
roundings were pretty and the dainty 
little nest exactly harmonized with 
them Itisona little bunch of moss 
and leaf fibres, which hang from a twig 
about the size of a slate pencil and the 
whole is under a mass of bright green 
foliage. 

The composition of the nest is rather 
odd, too, I think. The inner portion 
is soft down from the willow. Then a 
thick outer coating of dark green moss 
and finally a maze of white cobwebs 
which hold the nest together and unite 
it to the twig. 

Two other twice-used nests that I re- 
call were both found this season, one 
by a friend and one by myself. These 
were Costas. The one discovered by 
me was in a dense cypress grove ona 
very slender twig, and was entirely re- 
modelled as were all the preceeding. 

FRED A. SCHNEIDER, 
College Park, Cal. 


Notes On the Nesting Habits of the Scissor- 
tailed Flycatcher. 


(Milvulus forficatus.) 

Allied to our common Kingbird, this 
dashing member of our avifauna, has 
all of their boldness, reckless courage, 
pugnacity and persistent tenacity and I 
(lo not believe that there is another 
specie whom they would fear to attack. 
The Scissor-tailed Flycatcher is an ele- 
gant bird, very showy and_ graceful, 
which coupled with its large peculiarly 
‘shaped tail, which is from 8 to12 inches 
in length and shaped somewhat like a 
pair of scissors, make it one of the most 
noticeable birds of this locality. 

The natives know it as the Scissor- 
tail or Paradise Bird and one young 
farmer informed me that they were 
real Birds of Paradise, sure! 

They arrive in this county (McLen- 
nan) about the first of April. : 

My first observations regarding their 


nesting habits were made in 91. On 
the 8ist of May of that year I found a 
nest containing an uncomplete set of 
three in a small tree in a plum orchard 
about one and a half miles west of 
Waco. This nest was built about eight 
feet from the ground. It was then that 
I noticed its fearless, reckless disposi- 
tion, as when ascending the tree I was 
assailed by the pair who flew almost 
into my face, uttering their peculiar 
sharp cry and were only driven off af- 
ter several attempts by my companion 
of the trip who brandished his buggy 
whip. 

On the 7th of June of the same sea- 
son I made another trip and examined 
many nests containing from a single to 
complete sets of fresh eggs, so I judge . 
that the breeding season extends from 
the latter part of May to about the 
middle of July. I made several other 
tripsin June but although I found 
many nests, few contained young. 

I have only taken two sets for my 
collection. These are rather smaller on 
an average than those of the common 
Kingbird, are white or creamy in color, 
covered with blotches of rich brown 
and obscure purple, mostly at the 
larger end. The eggs of set No. 1 re- 
semble those of T. tyrannus and the 
blotches look as though a whitewash 
brush had been lightly drawn over 
them. Those of set No. 2 are more 
rounded and the handsomest eggs of 
this species I have ever seen, though in 
the past few years I have examined 
probably a hundred. 

The blotches are of a rich brown con- 
eentrated in a wreath around the larger 
end and are especially large in size and 
few in number. 

I have never yet seen any pure white 
unmarked specimens, as I have seen 
noted, these probably being ‘‘freaks” 
something like spotted Robin eggs. 

Mr. Singley of Lee county states that 
in his county the Scissor-tail nests in 
trees varying from 6 to 20 feet from the 


THE OOLOGIST. 225. 


ground. Mr. E. C. Davismentions that 
in Cook county a favorite nesting place 
is in low mesquite on the praries. 

From my experience in Falls and Mc- 
-Lennan counties I have found them 
nesting in rather low mesquite trees 
from 6 to 10 feet high; also in trees 
from 15 to 20 feet high that border on 
country roads. ; 

The lowest nest I have ever found, 
however, was at a height of about five 
feet above the ground. The nests I 
have examined, several of which are 
before me now, are composed of a 
waxy weed, cotton, a few leaves, and 
in some a little grass. They are bulky 
and some are very loosely made. I 
suppose, however, that several: other 
materials are used whenever they are 
found abundant in the locality in which 
the nest is built. 

The usual nest complement is five, 
sometimes only four, and this season I 
found several sets of six. 

During the breeding season should 
you notice a pair, which by the actions 
evineed great uneasiness, by walking 
off a short distance and carefully scan- 
ning the trees near by, their nests can 
generally be easily found. 

The Scissor-tail is of a tyrannical dis- 
position and seems to take great de- 
light in the pursuit of crows and vul- 
tures whom they viciously attack. In 
1891 I watehed a pair pursue a vulture 
for over a mile. 

They make frequent trips to the 
towns and their sharp cries and contin- 
ual fluttering noise alarm cage birds 
almost as much as would the appear- 
ance of a White rumped Shrike. 

Another trait regarding the building 
of their nests I have noticed this year. 
Several nests I have found had a great 
deal of loose cotton and other materials 
hanging promiscuously from the twigs 
near at hand, giving the nest the ap- 
pearance of an old one which had been 
partly torn down. This, however, 
could not have been the case as I had 


carefully examined thesame trees but 
a short time before and these ratty 
nests always contained the full comple- 
ment of eggs. Could this have been 
done for a blind? It is quite an inter- 
esting sight to watch six or seven of © 
these birds during mating in early April 
as they keep a continual fluttering and 
making peculiar revolutions and darts 
in the air. 
J. K. STRICKER, JR., 
Waco, Texas. 


When Preparing a Birdskin. 

Make a clip across the skull between 
the jaws, from one eye-socket to the 
other; a longitudinal one on each side 
from this to the back of the skull; then 
connect these two by a cross clip of the 
skull just above the foramen magnum: 
remove the brain from this opening. 

Always put a small stick covered 
with cotton in the neck. The stick 
Should extend some distance back in 
the body. 

Never put the skin in a paper cylin- 
der. It will make it look like anything 
but a bird. Take a thin s eet of coi- 
con, lay it ona board, and by putting 
strips under the edges of the sheet, 
make a trough to fitthe skin. Lay the 
skin in, breast up, and arrange it. 

These suggestions haye come to me 
after handling thousands of skins. 

Je Omer 


+ > 


How a Canon Wren had Revenge. 

In a large room of an adobe _ building - 
used as the office of the Silver Mining 
Co., in south western Chihuahua, Mex. 
on the edge of the wall just under the 
roof, a Canon Wren had the audacity 
to build her nest. I was after eggs 
myself, so I permitted the nest to be 
completed and a _ full complement 
of eggs to be laid therein, then they be- 
came my property, much to the dis- 
comfort of the builder. Nothing daunt- 


226 


ed, asecond one was at once erected 
on the site of the old one and another 
complement of eggs became my lawful 
prize. The bird looked down with 
some disdain upon such unruly conduct 
on my part, and seemed to convey the 
idea by excessive whistling that I must 
not do that again, but I did, and was 
only too glad of the opportunity. Then 
the fun began. My desk was on the 
opposite side of the room by a window, 
and whenever that wren would spy me 
writing, she would perch herself on the 
edge of the wall overhead and scratch 
dirt down on my book in such quantities 


that I was eventually obliged to pull 


the desk out into the room far enough 
to be out of her reach, nor would all 
the throwing of beans or smull gravel 
at her keep her from venting her spite 
on me for having robbed her out of house 
and home three times in succession. 

E: WILKINSON, 

Mansfield, Ohio 
——— 


Nesting Habits of the Hades Plunger. 


BY SHEOL DIVER. 


This bird is properly known as the 
Grebe, and also as the Carolina Grebe, 
Pied-bill Grebe, Dab-chick, Die-dap- 
per, Spirit Duck, and by at least a 
dozen other names. 

Profanely, it is often called, and too, 
with a degree of grim irony, as well as 
facetiously—Hell Diver. This is the 
naine it invariably yoes by among the 
boys, and with most of the residents of 
the country. We mightalso term it the 
Sheol Plunger, or the Gahenna Diver, 
but we prefer to keep up with the times, 
and therefore, in accordance with the 
latest authority in infernal names, 
namely, the revised edition of the Bible, 
we will call this bird, and so let it be 
accepted, as HADES PLUNGER; other- 
wise as Podilymbus popiceps according 
to American Ornithologist Union selah. 

The Hades Plunger is a very easy bird 


THE OOLOGIST. 


to kill when you hit him, but he is de- 
cidedly hard to hit, and, in fact is sel- 
dom hit in my neighborhood. For he 
is a most elusive chap, and can dodge 
any number of bullets with ease, pro-. 
vided the shots all come from one direc- 
tion, and he has his weather eye open to 
visitors. Itis safe to wager ten to one 
that a good (hell)thy Hades Plunger on 
a lake can escape froma single hunter 
either on land or in a boat every time. 
It is only by sneaking and shooting at 
an unsuspicious bird, or by surround- 
ing one on the water, that ‘this wary 
diver can be taken. When several 
hunters are firing rapidly at sir ‘H. P.’ 
from different directions, it is but natur- 
al thatthe wary bird should get ‘rattled’ 
and at last fall a victim. There are 
occasional instances when a collector 
secures a bird very easily and without 
sneaking, but these opportunities are 
rare and grand exceptions. It is cus- 
tomary for collectors thus favored, to 
immediately proclaim that divers are 
very easy to kill. The chances are, that 
the bird was.an inmature, and had not 
yet cut its eye-teeth, and was not fully 
educated. JI can safely say that for its 
size, the H. P. isthe most difficult bird 
to kill that I know of. It will dive at 
the flash and escape when less than 
thirty feet away from the hunter, as I 
have repeatedly proven. Like the 
‘Trishman’s flea,’ he is not there when 
you think you have him. 

I once nearly cornered one in a shal- 
low place at the edge of a mill-pond, 
and had an opportunity to observe its 
actions under water. It used its wings 
as a means of propulsion and might ‘be 
said to literally fly under water. Its 
wings beat ina regular motion, while 
its feet moved alternately as with all 
other swimming birds. 

I have taken much pleasure in study- 
ing the breeding habits of this species, 
and found that it nests in many situa- 
tions where its presence was not sus- 
pected. Its habits can only be obsery- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ed at the expence of much time and by 
using great patience. Ina great many 
reedy-shored lakes and ponds here in 
the southern part of the Lower Penin- 
sula of Michigan, these birds may be 
founa breeding. In fact, whenever 
found consorting in the months of June 
and July, it is reasonable to expect that 
they are nesting in the immediate vicin- 
ity and probably on the same pond or 
lake. This diver is but very little given 
‘to flying except during migration and 
I have but rarely observed its flying 
about during the nesting season. The 
Great Northern Diver often feeds oa 
lakes several miles distant from the 


small lake or pond on whieh it builds © 


its nest, but the Dab-chick is nearly al- 
ways found about its nesting site. 

The song of the common Hell-Diver 
is well known to most coliectors, and 
by it the egz-hunter may be attracted 
to the mud hole where the birds are 
nesting. It is entirely different from 
all other notes with which I am ac- 
quainted. But though so peculiar, I 
cannot describe it satisfactorily. 

Nests have been found at the edge of 
mere mud-holes not over a half acre in 
extent. Then again I have found nests 
at the edge of large interior lakes. As 
a rule, however, the birds seem to favor 
small lakes or ponds which are more or 
less covered with lily-pads and _ sur- 
rounded with marshy borders. 

The spot chosen is neyer situated like 
that adopted by the larger relative, the 


Loon, but is always near shore or right ° 


on the boggy margin. Insuch a loea- 
tion a mass of matter is accumulated, 
formed principally of decayed and sod- 
den grass, rushes, reeds and weeds, 
This mass is generally mre or less sup- 
ported by the natural accumulations 
found in stagment bodies of water, but 
sometimes the mass floats, I am inform- 
ed. In all nests that I have seen the 
structure was anchored by rushes, roots 
and other material or more often was 
situated on a comparatively firm founda- 


220 


tion like the bog which holds the eggs of 
the Loon. In, or on this mass of vegeta- 
ble material, mixed with mud and ooze 
from the bottom of the lake, the eggs 
are found. The structure, or mass 
for I cannot call it a nest from any ap- 
pearance or resemblance to any nest 
that I have ever found, is always wet 
and soggy and to me is about the most 
uninviting place possible for a bird to 
deposit her eggs in. 

The Hades Plunder, however, evi- 
den ly thinks the situation salubrious, 
and on this mass of rotting material the 
eggs five to eight in number are laid. 

Six eggs is the usual number I believe, 
though seven eggs is not rare, while 
many nests are found containing but 
five. I have never found a smaller 
number in a completed set. The earli- 
est date of finding a complete set was 
May twentieth. These eggsare gener- 
ally of a dull yellowish, white or bluish 
white, when first laid, but soon get 
daubed and bernished with the mud 
and rotting vegetable material with 
which the set is covered whenever the 
old bird leaves the nest. Often the 
eggs which are covered more or less 
thickly with a coating of caleareous de- 
posit, is tinged with a very fair blue 
colcring, sometimes nearly equaling 
the blue of a black-billed cuckoo’s egg. 
This variation in external coloration is 
not found in more than one in fifteen 
eggs. If the chalky coat is scraped off, 
the proper color of the eggs may be seen 
nearly always b.uish, and it is my ad- 
vice to collectors to scrape one or two 
eggs in a set to show the true inner 
color. Wemay compare the work to 
the polishing of shells, which, while it 
decreases their value, as considered by 
the naturalists, certainly enhances their 
appearance, and assists in beautifying 
the cabinet. 

The last of May or early part of 
June is the time to secure complete sets 
of eggs. I have four sets of six and one 
of seven eggs taken May 31, 1888, and 


228 


also many eggs which were found in 
June. They may be taken as late as 
the middle of July. 

The Hades-Plunger is rarely seen 
running about its nest, and if it is ob- 
served on the same sheet of water, it 
quickly becomes aware of our presence 
and conceals itself. A -careless collec- 
tor may visit a lake or pond and think 
that there are no birds there, when 
there are ten to twenty pairs of birds 
within a short distance, and as many 
nests about the margin of the water 
which we think uninhabited. 

Coming suddenly upon a Hell-Diver 
in nesting season it will be seen to dis- 


appear; after which it will rize to the~ 


surface once or twice, and then appar- 
antly leave for good. Where it goes to, 
we can only conjecture, but it is 
reasonable to suppose that it seeks the 
reedy edges, from which secure posi- 
tion it is undoubtedly watching our 
movements, Its nestis probably close 
at hand, but unless one lias had experi- 
ence or information on the subject, it 
is absolutely unless to search for the 
eggs, for I assure yo. that there are no 
eggs in sight. 

For a great mapny years I looked for 
the Grebe’s thick shelled eggs in vain. 
I knew, iu a vague way, that the nests 
were about, but I failed to find them, 
try as I would. Finally I learned from 
some professional frog-ecatchers for the 
city markets, that the birds left their 
nests during the warm days and cover- 
ed them over to screen them from in- 
spection and possible spoilation. All 
complete sets of eggs that had been 
found, were thus concealed, but in two 
cases where the sets were incomplete, 
namely, one aud three eggs, the eggs 
were left unprotected of covering. It 
may bethat the covering of the eggs 
signifies an effort on the part of the 
reasoning birds, to assist incubation, 
while temporarily absents. At least it 
is not proven that the covering to the 
set is solely for purposes of concealment. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Then again, if this habit of covering” 
the eggs does answer a purpose in 
maintaining a proper degree of heat, 
why does not the Loon also cover its: 
eggs, which are equally exposed and in 
a correspondingly low situation. 

Thinking to satisfy myself partially 
in regard to the matter I took the tem-- 
perature of the surface water near a 
Grebe’s nest at the edge of a pond. 
The mereury indicated 74 degrees Fht. 
while the atmosphere sun’ tempera- 
ture was 107 degrees. The debris. 
which covered the eggs felt warm and 
moist to the hands. In fact I tried to: 
convinee myself that a degree of heat 
was generated by a seeming fermenta- 
tion, or a possible chemical action pro- 
duced by decaying vegetation. Weare 
told that the eggs of the Mound-build- 
ing Megapodins are hatched often in 
this manner of incubation. 


Then again | have felt that the Gre- 
bes cover their eggs to protect them 
from the fierce rays of the sun, and this 
explanation may meet the views of some 
of the readers. Certain it is, that of 
all the nests I have heard of, not one of 
the complete sets of eggs was left com- 
pletely uncovered. As referred to above 
some incomplete sets are found which 
are left uncovered. It may be that in 
these cases the birds were surprised, 
and driven away while about to deposit 
additions to the sets of eggs, but it may 
seem reasonable to think that the birds 
cover the eggs for other purposes than 
that of concealment. If concealment 
was alone intended then it appears to 
me that the birds would cover the eggs 
before the set was complete. 

Two frog-eatchers told me that they 
found over fifty nests in a couple of 
days about the edges of lakes and ponds. 
This appears to be a rather big account 
but I cannot dispute it, as I am aware 
that the birds breed commonly, and 
too, in places where their presence is 
not suspected. 

But notwithstanding that this Grebe 
is so prolific a Jayer and although it can 
so carefully conceal its nest, still the 
species dves not seem to inerease in 
numbers, and this circumstance, like 
many another example of similar char- 
acter among our birds, affords me food 
for reflection and wonderment. 


THE OOLOGIST. 229 


THE OOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers 
ALBION, N. Y. 


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Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


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The Birds of Michigan. 


The zoological branch of the Michi- 
gan Agriculiural Experiment Station 
of the State Agricultural College re- 
cently issued a list of the Birds of Mich- 
igan. The work is a pamphlet of 150 
pages and is edited by Professor A. J. 
Cook of the college at Lansing, Mich. 
Professor Cook with his large corps of 


co-workers has presented a very accur- 
ate and complete list, with copious 
quotations, to the public. The notes 
are most interesting concerning the 
food of birds, and the habits of several 
beneficial insectivorous species are well 
shown by careful experiments. 

The list, which may be accurately 
called a compiled catalogue of the birds 
of the Great Lakes, embraces 332 spe- 
cies, and is the most complete list ever 
issued in the Peninsular State. It 
speaks of the meeting habits and move- 
ments, and describes the nests and eggs 
of our birds. No one living in this 
state or adjacent states who is inter- 


’ ested in our avian fuuna can afford to 


be without this assistant. 

There is, in the front part of the work, 
a very complete bibliography on the 
subject of Michigan ornitology, which 
speaks of all the published lists and ar- 
ticles from Schoolcraft, 1884 down to 
y3 A large percentage of the birds 
treated in the work, are illustrated by 
exceptionally good cuts. 

SCOLOPAX. 


> 


Something More About Loon’s Eggs. 


BY ABOUT 40 DEGREES NORTH LATITUDE. 


The present season has been a fair 
one for Loon’s eggs and I send you a 
few more notes on the nesting habits of 
this interesting bird. 

An acquaintance of mine came to the 
city with a gripsack packed with excel- 
sior and Loon’s eggs. The lot of eggs 
were for sale, and were to besold cheap 
for cash. One could buy the lot for a 
song, but there were no takers as we 
were all supplied. I have five good sets 
and the other collectors have each from 
two to six sets. So in this case this man 
who had collected the eggs for the 
money, found the market glutted and 
therefore ‘‘carried his coals to New 
Castle,” so to speak, in coming here. 


230 


Among the eggs he had thiee sets 
which were taken from one nest on 
Wall Lake, twenty miles distant. The 
dates of capture were April 28, May 16 
and June 6. Two of these sets much 
resemble. each other, while the other 
set was quite different. However, as 
two pairs of birds would hardly occupy 
the same nest the same season, it is 
reasonable to suppose that the same 
bird laid the sixeggs. It will be seen 
on counting the days that nearly the 
same interval occurred between the de- 
position of the sets. This note will also 
give an idea of the lateness of the pos- 
sible nesting of the Loon, which is a 
species which never lays a second time 
in one season if unmolested. 

Kalamazoo, Mich. 


+—~<_ <>< 


Nesting of the Mountain Plover. 


The Mountain Plover builds its nest on 
open prairie. The first egg is laid on 
bare ground and as the set is finished 
and incubation advances the bird grad- 
ually makes a nest of dirt, pieces of 
hard grass, roots, etc. It takes five or 
six days to complete set of three eggs. 
I have never found more nor less than 
three eggs in a nest that I thought com- 
plete. Old birds will fly off the nest 
while a person on foot is 80 rods away 
but will sit closely for man on horse- 
back or ina buggy. Very young birds 
resemble piecies of walking plush and 
stay with the old birds all summer. 
Only one brood in a season. 

H. G. Posxin, 
Beloit, Col. 


Barred Owl. 


On March 28th, 1891, I found a nest 
of this bird. He is quite rare in this 
county. The nest was in a patch of 
woods near a farm and placed in a large 
chestnut tree about 40 feet up. The 
hollow in which the nest was placed was 
quite shallow. The nest was made of 


join us. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


sticks and leaves matted firmly together 
with a few feathers for lining. The 
hollow of the nest was four inches deep 
and 1 foot across. It contained 3 eggs 
which would probably have hatched 
in a dayor two. The hole was not 
inhabited last or this year. 

H. 1. GREENE, 

Montelair, N. J. 


The Cooper Ornithological Club. 


The above club was organized in San 
Jose, California, June 22nd, under aus- 
picious circumstances. The following 
officers were elected for the coming 
quarter: President, W. H. Osgood; vice- 
president, H. R. Painton; secretary, C. 
Barlow; treasurer, F. A. Schneider. 

The object of the club is the mutual 
study in Ornithology, and it wiil meet 
every two weeks. Weare desirous of 
having the assistance of all honest or- 
nithologists, and invite those residing 
in Santa Clara or adjacent counties. to 
Those wishing to join will 
please correspond with the President 
or Secretary. 

C. BARLOW, Secretary. 


$$ <i 


The History of a Cowbirds Egg. 


It was on the 9th of June 91, I placed 
a fresh egg of the Cowbird in the nest 
of a Chipping Sparrow containing two 
of her own that had an advance of one 
and a half days incubetion. over the 
first. I watched results. About the 
19th, Mr. Cowbird emerged from his 
prison walls, large and vigorous. A 
day later a little Sparrow came fourth 
from his delicate shell, but much small- 
er, and exhibiting less strength than his 
foster-brother. The other egg failed to 
hateh. The daily increase in dimen- 
sion of the Cowbird was something im- 
mense, while that of his younger com- 
panion seemed rather to dimmish than 
enlarge, until finally, at the end of three’ 


“ 


THE OOLOGIST. 231 


-~ days, he died—evidently for want of 


food—as the Cowbird, being larger, 
greedily devoured everything that came 
in contact with his copacious mouth. 
The untimely end of the rightful heir 
was but gain uo this usurper, as he now 
received the whole attention of the 
parent birds. Nature having now, at 
the early age of seven days, provided 
him with a respectable dress, he was no 
longer contented to remain within the 
small comvass which the nest furnished; 
whereupon he betook himself to the 
branches of the tree in which the nest 
had been placed. But soon this area 
became too limited for his ambitious 
spirit; for at the end of his second week 
he was flitting from bush to bush, ex 
ploring the fields and hedges. his par- 
ents providing for him all the while. 
Two weeks more and be was a full 
fledged bird. About July 20th I saw him 
for the last time. He was ensconced 
in the foliage of an orchard tree, chirp- 
ing defiantly, and assuming all the air 
and dignitiy of a king’s son. -His par- 
ents were still administering to his 
wants, and following at his command. 
Thus in less than six weeks a fragile 
ege had developed into a worthless 
paasite. M. A. WHIT, 
Mathews, C. H., Va. 


Black Tern. 


Did youever hunt for Black Tern eggs? 
These birds! are very bumerous in 
the Calumet Lake region, but the ter- 
ritory in which they nest covers so large 
an area that it is almost impossible to 
find the nestsin any quantity, unless 
one has had experience. 

When you first come upon the marsh, 
a Black Tern is sure to espy you and in 
a short time,a shrieking,screaming,mob 
is circling around your head, seemingly 
frantic in their endeavors to drive you 
away. The first impulse is to look for 
the nests, which you feel sure, must be 


close at hand. But your search is un- 


availing, with the exception, perhaps, 
of an occasional set. You then observe 
a number of birds hovering over a spot, 
perhaps a quarter of a mile distant, and 
after floundering through the heavy mud 
of the slough until you’re almost ex- 
hausted, you find that the birds are 
merely feeding and the water is too 
deep for nests. 

The fluck still follows you, and you 
still search in vain, but after a time the 
birds pay youless and less attention un- 
till finally, only an occasional new ar- 
rival deigns to notice you and you go 
away, thinking you are too early for 
nests, and that next time you will find 
them breeding abundantly. 

But the terns have outwitted you. 
When you came to the marsh and they 
rose to meet you, you should have noted 
carefully the spot from which some one 
of them seemed to arise, and then walk- 
ed to the spot, stooped down, and re- 
mained perfectly still. Soon you would 
have noticed a bird, alternately diving 
at you and at a particular spot near 
by. Having marked the spot and 
proceeded toward it without allowiug 
your eyes to befor an instant withdrawn, 
you would have discovered, in nine eases 
out of ten, a small mud bog, scarcely 
above the water-line, and on it, two or 
three dark brown pyriform shaped eges, ~ 
lying close together in the mud, with 
perhaps afew blales of grass beneath 
them. You should then crouch again 
and repeat the operation until you haye 
discovered five or six nests, after which 
it would be better to move on until an- 
other colony is started up. In this way 
I have found, in asingle day, over a 
hundred nests. 

A severe rain is very destructive to 
the terns, fora rise of an inchin the 
water will drown out two-thirds of the 
nests. Itis a wise provision of Provi- 
dence which has made the incubation 
period short, and enables the downy 
youngsters to swim as soon as they roll 
out of the egg. W.E. Pratt, 

Lake Forest, Ills. 


232 ' THE OOLOGIST. 


Peculiar Habit of the Woodcock. 


One evening, about dark, as I was 
returning from a walk in company 


with a couple of friends we flushed a 


bird that puzzled us. It rose off the 
ground, flying with a twittering noise 
and constantly rising in a spiral till 
nearly out of sight; then descending in 
the same course, it emitted a pleasant 
song. The song was peculiar but inde- 
scribable. When I heard it I thought 
of sky-larks though I had only read de- 
seriptions of their song. The next 
evening we secured it. It proved to be 
a fine male Woodcock. 

The Secretary of the Indiana Acad- 
emy of Science writes that the habit is 
not unknown, but is not at all common 
even where the Woodcock is more com- 
mon than here. It is probably to at- 
tract the females at the mating season. 
I hope to hear from others on this sub- 
ject. 

ALEX BLACK, 
Greencastle, Ind. 


-——<—_>-—+ 


The Plumed Partridge. 


The Plnmed Partridge Oreortyx pictus 
plumiferus,inhabits the mountainous re- 
gion of Southern California. In summer 

‘they are found in high altitudes, but in 
winter they are driven down to the foot 
hills by the heavy snow. Their food 
consists of various kinds of seeds, ber- 
ries and grasses. They breed in high 
mountains ‘‘not below 4000 feet” says 
Davie. Their nest is composed of 
leaves and grass. Their eggs are 
creamy buff in color and from 8 to 20 
in number. I am unable to say from 
personal observation at what time of 
year they commence laying, but Mr. 
Smithson tells me that it is from the 
first till the middle of April. The old 
bird can be decoyed by a series of short 
whistles much the sameas the call of a 
young turkey. Perhaps a short gener- 

. al description would be desirable. 


Above olive brown, top of head, side of ~ 
neck and whole front half of under 
side leaden blue, chin belly and under 
side of neck reddish brown, Flanks of 
the same color but with end of each 
feather white. Under side of tail dark 
brown. 

In July and August of 1892 I found 
them in abundance at Strawberry Val- 
ley in the San Bernardino Mts., their 
haunts were in the bushy canon and — 
flats that contained a creek or spring. 
Their chief food here was the seed of a: 
kind of wild rye and also a short buncly 
grass that grew around the water. 
Mornings and evenings they come out 
on the flats to feed and water while in 
the middle of the .day they stay in the: 
dark canon. Their roosting place was: 
a bush or tree high enough to be out of 
reach of any dangerous animals. 

EDWARD WALL. 
San Bernardino, Cal. 


> 


The Long-crested Jay in Colorado. 


BY A TENDFRFOOT. 


Although the lLong-crested Jay 
(Cyanocilta stellert macrolopha) 1s very 
abundant in the locality where the fol- 
lowing notes were taken, its nest is, 
comparatively speaking, very seldom 
found. The observations given below 
were made in the neighborhood of 
Florissant, Col., which is about twenty 
miles north-west of Pike’s Peak and has 
an altitude of about 8,800 feet. 

The surrounding country is, for the 
most part, composed of well wooded 
hills, and. ‘as the Indians burned the 
whole region a good many years ago, 
the growth is comparatively new. As 
reminders of former days, innumerable 
dead pine stubs stil! stand which are 
frequented by Woodpeckers. Sparrow 
Hawks, Nuthatchs and other birds that 
build in similar places. 

The trees. are principally evergreens 
with large patches of quaking asp 


THE OOLOGIST. . 


‘sprinkled about, but the former trees 
are where the Jay in question loves to 
frequent during the breeding season. 

The nest is usually placed in a tree re- 
ssembling the pitch pine (pinws rigida,) 
though I am inelined to think that, like 
‘their eastern relative the Blue Jay (Cya- 
nocilia cristata,) they not infrequently 
build their nests in any of the other 
‘coniferous trees with which the coun- 
try abounds. 3 

The distance of the nest from the 
ground varies from twelve to twenty 
feet, though, of course, there must be 
extremities both ways. 

The eggs are usually laid about the 
ast week in May, and are usually four 
or five in number. I think that a des- 
-eription of a nest and set of eggs taken 
May 21, 1892, will furnish sufficient par- 
iticulars to suit the purpose of this arti- 
cle. 

The nest was placed twenty feet from 
be ground in a pitch pine and is a typi- 
‘cal one of the species, It is (with the 
-exception of the general nature of the 
‘material used) altogether different from 
‘that of the Blue Jay, being at least three 
‘times as bulky as an average nest of the 
latter bird. 

The material consists outwardly of a 
substantial lair of twigs of the quaking 
asp and has a lining from an inch in 
thickness in some places to an inch and 
-a half in others, composed entirely of 
‘rootlets which are very neatly inter- 
~woven so as to form a hollow in which 
rto place the eggs. Despite this bulk of 
material it would, with the exception of 
the lining, almostinstantly fall to pieces 
when taken out of the tree, if not held 
together in some manner. Externally 
it measures 8 inches in diameter x 8} 
inches in depth; the cavity is 8} inches 
in diameter x 14 inches in depth. 

The eggs which were four in number 
(one was unfortunately broken,) do not 
at all resemble those of the Blue Jay. 
They are ofa light blue ground color 
having very faint tinge of greenish, 


238 


They are spotted at the larger ends quite 
thickly with greenish brown, having 
spots and dots of the same color scat- 
tered thickly over the entire surface. 
The peculiarity in the markings is that 
very few of the spots are larger than 
the head of an ordinary pin This is 
very different from the eggs of the east- 
ern bird which, as is well known, have 
large spots and often blotches all over 
the egg. The dimensions of the four 
eggs in this nest are subject to slight 
variation. The largest egg measures 
1.20x.86 inches; the smallest 1.15x.82 
inches. 

To make sure of the identity the par- 
ent bird was shot and is at this moment 
posing before me in company with a 
Blue Jay from Massachusetts. 

This handsome species seems to be 
about as thoroughly detested by the 
ranchmen who keep hens as are the 
hawks, for they can easily outclass a 
hen at eating her corn and the only way 
to prevent their doing so is to watch the 
hens or shoot the Jays and the latter 
method is usually adopted, when pos- 
sible, as the surest. They are bolder 
than any other bird I know of and have 
fully as much intelligence. 

My first call at my next-door-neigh- 
bor’s cabin was about as amusing as 
anything I have experienced in the or- 
nithological line. I was sitting at the 
door of the cabin watching him feed his 
chickens and he had no sooner finished 
and come back to me, when three or 
four Jays swooped from the nueighbor- 
ing trees into the midst of the chicken’s 
food. 

I innocently asked him if he thought 
the chickens would get their share. At 


this he turned round, and seeing them, 
he expressed his opinion of them in re- 
marks more forcible than polite vad 
ended by saying that, although he had 
shot more than he could shake. a stick 
at, there was always just the same num- 
ber at each meal. I noticed that these 
particular birds were always off like 
the wind the instant the door latch rat- 
tled, 


Hash. 


How many of us remember, with an 
amused smile, our first attempt at mak- 
ing a collection? The badly blown 
eggs which fell a prey to mice and in- 
sects, the famous holes in the ends, the 
large number of species we had, many 

‘named from the shape, size and colora- 
tion of the eggs, and the very common 
varieties of which it was composed. 
Yet to this last there were exceptions, 
and notable ones, too. I had eggs in 
my collection then which I should con- 
sider very precious now if I had pre- 
served them. Among them was part 
of a set of Burrowing Owl, the only 
one I have known to be taken this far 
east. The way it was discovered is as 
follows: A friend informed me that he 
had found the hole of some animal and 
requested that I go with him to dig the 
mammal out. I went. We found that 
there were two holes, one quite large 
and another considerably smaller. We 
dug in the larger one first and found 
nothing, then turned our attention to 
the other. A train of cow dung, with 
traces of the bones and fur of mice 
made it evident that the hole was in- 
habited. The length we dug is some- 
what obscure in my mind just now, but 
I should say some two and one-half or 
three feet, when we came to a number 
of nearly round white eggs. ‘These, we 
at once decided, had been carried there 
by the animal which (we supposed) 
lived in the hole. So, after carefully 
taking them out we dug to the end of 
the hole but found nothing else. Some- 
what disappointed we divided the eggs, 
he expecting to set his under a pigeon 
and I to prepare mine for the collec- 
tions of my brother and myself. Well, 
his never hatched and ours fell victims 
to the mice and the enfant terrible of 
the household. Had I them now they 
would be considered valuable as repre- 
senting extreme eastern nesting of the 
Burrowing Owl, for from subsequent 


THE OOLOGIST. 


10 (2), (42 


study I have learned that they certainly 
belonged to that species, 

At another time I made a trip to the 
Little Sioux River, some ten miles west 
of my home, and found several varieties 
of eggs before and since undiscovered, 
as I have had no opportunity of visiting 
the place since. One of these was the 
Rose-breasted Grosbeak the other two 
Vireos, species unknown. All were 
destroyed, one of them being broken by 
the too tight squeezing of the irrepres- 
sible man who will handle our eggs 
when they are shown him 

However the most valuable of the 
eggs I once. had was a set of four albi- 
nos of the Black-throated Bunting. 
They were taken after I had begun 
scientific collecting, but owing to con- 
siderable advancement in incubation I 
was able to save only two of them. 
These reposed in safety in my cabinet 
for some time, but by some mishap they 
were ruined and only one badly crack 
specimen is left to represent a very rare 
set of eggs. I say rare, because 1 have 
never heard of a similiar set. 

But this article was to be a sort of 


hash, and I have mixedin a rather 
large portion of one substance. The 


next ingredient must be runt eggs. Of 
these I have several. One is of the 
Kingbird, taken with two full sized 
ones from a deserted nest of the Blue 
Jay. Itis smaller than the smallest 
Flycatcher’s but not quite so small as a 
Hummer’s. Another is of the Downy 
Woodpecker, comprising part of a 
set of five from Ohio. Then there is 
one of the Prairie Hen, part of an ori- 
gina! set of fifteen, and those of the 
domestic species too numerous to men- 
tion (or keep). 

I have in my collection a fine set of 
two eggs of the Sandhill Crane. - hey 
were takenin Palo Alto Co., Iowa in 
June, 1891, by one of my father’s herd 
boys. Incubation was far advanced 
and I should have been unable to save 
them but for the use of an article which 


THE OOLOGIST. 


should be, and is rapidly becoming, 
universally known to collectors, viz. 
caustic potash. A solution of this in- 
jected into the eggs soon destroyed the 
embryos and made them as easy to 
blow as though they had been filled 
with water. This is the only set I owe 
to the use of that chemical. 

I well remembor the only nest of the 
Sandhill Crane I ever found. It was 
when I was very small, about ten years 
old I think. My brother and myself 
were herding cattle, and while walking 
near the edge of a slongh I saw what 
appeared to my juvenile vision to be a 
red bird perched upon a large sedge. 
It was in reality the head of a female 
Sandhill Crane who was setting on her 
eogs.. When we approached she left 
the nest, half running, half flying, and 
stopped a short distance away. We 
secured the eggs, which were laid on 
some dry grass that had been placed 
upon the top of a half decayed muskrat 
house and then turned our attention to 
the owner of them. She was very fear- 
less and would not leave us farther than 
afew rods while we stayed near the 
nest. 

My undeveloped mind coneeived that 
here was a good chance to cover myself 
with glory, so repairing to a neighbor’s 
near by | borrowed a gun, pretending 
that it was for my father; one barrel was 
loaded and after approaching as near 
as possible to the Crane I deliberately 
placed the stock wader my arm took a 
careful (?) aim and fired. Bloodshed 
resulted but it was from my nose,which 
Was minus a large patch of epidermis 
while the Crane was unharmed. The 
eges were taken home and placed un- 
der a goose and in due season one 
young Crane came forth and was gorg- 
ed with angle-worms tillit died. The 
Sandhill Crane has been successfully 
reared however. 

In 1889 I;took three sets of Traill’s 
Flycatcher from the same pair of birds. 
The time of nest building and complet- 


23 
ing the set was just two weeks in each 
case, and the birds reared a brood in a 
forrth nest which I did not discover till 
the young were quite large. 

How is that for perseverance. Have 
found nests of this species around the 
same grove each year since, but no- 
where else, so I concluded that this 
pair of birds have made it their per- 
manent home. 

On July ist of this year I took a set 
of four perfectly fresh eggs of the Black- 
billed Cuckoo. Is this not rather un- 
usual? 

There is one little point with regard 
to listing eggs that I have never seen 
mentioned, and yet I think it should be. 
It is this: when you have several sets of 
some species, each containing the same 
number of eggs, say four, do not list 
them, as nearly all collectors do, after 
this manner, 1-4, 2-4, 3-4, ete., but if 
the number of sets is three make them 
at once 3-4, i. e., three sets of four eggs 
each. If the collectors would all adopt 
this plan, as many already have, it 
would save some confusion and a great 
deal of time and space. 

I have never tried the water-blower 
which is so popular at present, but 
blow my eggs by a different method, 
which has been very nearly described 
before. I procure a common family sy- 
ringe and one of Lattin’s brass blow- 
pipes. The blowpipe I fix stationary, 
so it cannot move sidewise, upor down, 
but ean be turned. The end of the sy- 
ringe I insert into the blowpipe and am 
ready for work. ‘the syringe, if a good 
one, will, when the bulb is compressed, 
readily force a current of air or water 
through the point of the blowpipe, and 
the apparatus can be used for either a 
water or air blower. I prefer air. This 
does away entirely with the use of the 
human bellows, and makes the task of 
preparing eggs, recently so formidable 
as much a pleasure as a task. 

The fate of this article will decide 


geo 


whether the editor of the OGLOGIST or 

the waste basket has the greater appe- 

tite for hash. 

JOHN V. CRONE, 
Marathon, Lowa. 


The Carolina Wren. 


This is the most numerous represen- 
tative of this beautiful family in this 
part of the year (March.) It raises two 
broods every year, nesting very early 
in Louisiana. I collected a set of four 
partly incubated eggs on March 16,1893. 
Later the House Wren exceeds its 
cousin in abundance. I found a set of 
five eggs on March 24 1893. These are 
the earliest on record for this vicinity, I 
think. 

H. L. BALLOWE, 

242 Prytania St’, New Orleans, La. 


A SET OF FIVE OF THE PRAIRIE 
HORNED LARK. On April 12, 1892. 
a friend and myself started on a seare) 
for eggs of this species. Our first find 
was a very exceptional set of five nor- 
mally colored eggs, which on blowing 
proved slightly incubated. This is the 
first set of over four I ever found, and 
find three more commonly than four in 
this locality. We were afterwards re- 
warded with two sets of three each. 

J.H Brown. 
Davenport, Iowa. 


BARTRAMIAN SANDPIPER _Bar- 
tramialongicauda. This typical species 
of our western prairies, commonly ealled 
Field Plover, nests from May 1st to 
July ist in this latitude. [I have al- 
ways found the nest protected and 
placed onthe ground in a bunch of 
grass, on high prairie. 

Dr. W. MorGan MARTIN, 
Wellington, Kans. 

On April 12th of this year I secured 
a nice set of three eggs of the rare 
Spotted Owl. The nest was situated 
ina cottonwood about thirty-five feet 


THE OOLOGIST. 


up on a horizontal limb. The cotton- 
wood stood in an open grove or witha 
few other trees near the river. The 
bird could be plainly seen as the nest 
was rather small. he nest had been 
built by the birds and was composed of 
dead cottonwood sticks and bark strips 
lined with feathers from the parent’s 
breast. EDMUND HELLER, 
Riverside, Cal. 
a 


A Mammoth Egg. 


“We now come,”’ said Mr. J. C. Stev- 
ens, at his auction-rooms in King street, 


Covent Garden, says the Pall Mall Ga- 


zette, “to the egg ot the Mpyornis maxi- 
mus, the biggest bird either living or 
extinct. It has been extinct for some 
time, and only two of its bones have 
been found. According to the cata- 
Jogue the bird was more than ten feet 
high and was flightless.” 

“T should think so,” said a prospective 
egg-buyer. 

“Tt would seem to me,”’ said Mr. Stev- 
ens, “that the bird that laid this ege 
must have been something like 35 feet 
high—about as high asa house. You 
will see by the catalogue that it 
measures 344 inches in its longest cir- 
cumference and 28 inches in girth. This 
egg is several inches larger than the egg 
we sold last year. It is, of course, a 
great rarity, and not more than thirty 
of these eggs are known. This I think, 
is the finest egg of the lot. It should be 
remembered that there are sixty known 
eggs of the Great Auk, and they sell 
for 200 guineas each. I don’t mean to 
say that this egg should bring as much 
as a Great Auk’s egg, but we sold one 
not so good as this last year for 70 
guineas.” 

The egg was passing from hand to 
hand in a wooden box while the auetion- 
eer was speaking. It looked too large 
for an egg though in otherrespects it 
seemed natural enough. It was not dif- 
ficult to understand how a bird that had 
laid such an egg had become extinct.. 
The egg is of a brownish-gray color and 
sounds like porcelain when it is 
drummed on with the knuckles. The 
bird that was accustomed to lay this 
egg lived, it is said, in Madagascar and 
buried its egg in the sand. It is only 
possible to find the egg by digging 
in the sand, and more eggs may yet be 
found, as a good deal of the seashore of 


_ Madagascar has not been dug up yet. 


The eggfwas finaliv sold for 67 guin- 
eas. 


THE OOLOGIST. 237 


June Contest. 

Prize winners and credits received 
by each were as follows: 

1. A trip for Loons’ eggs. 208. 

2. Takin the Eggs of the Peregrine 
Faleon. 206. 

3. The embry Oology of a Bird. 109. 

4. Wilson and Bartram. 5. 

5. Floridan Races. 77. 

The article World’s Fair Notes was 
awarded one year’s subscription. 

Below we name the winners of the 
Judge’s prizes and the order in which 
they named the winning articles in 
their decision. Only one party named 
them in correct order. 

1. No. 52—W. Ambler, Cleveland, O. 
1, 2, 3, 4, 5. 

Oe lee Stration. elomlony alls: 
Been Os) A. 
3. 6—W.F.Mountain, E.Orange, N.J. 
12 hse Ayo. 

4. 10—W.G. Van DeWsater, Gretna, 
INGSPYS ley 2, 45 3,9: 

5. 46—Geo. Dowell, 
HERO os, <3. 

' The 8rd prize was awarded to Mr. 


Mountain as his vote was received here 
prior to Mr. Dowell’s. 


The following were awarded a World’s 
Fair Almanac. 


J. EK. Houseman, Ont. 
L. B. Gillett, N.Y. 


{= 


Austin, Tex. 


E. Doolittle, O. 
A. Lohman, Wis. 
R. McPherson, Mass. 
ER She Grist oN. 
C. Luther, Ark. 
B. Rodwell, N. Y. 
.L, Vandgrift, Pa. 
. Morrison, Ark. 
. W. Bayliss, Ia. 

P. Norris, Kan. 
.S. McGowan, Minn. 
. A. Smithwick, N. C. 
. T. Murk, Me. 
W.H. Sutton, Md. 
L. R. Kerk, Jr., Md. 
B.S. Bowdish, N. Y. 
H. L. Heaton, Kan. 
C. Barlow, Calif. 
W.S. Graham, III. 
r. A. Andrus, Ore. 


eo Me Rai a 


FLAMINGO SKINS. 


We have doubtless the finest lot of 
skins of these elegant. birds ever 
brought into U.S. Every one is per- 
fect and guaranteed to please. Prices 
range from $8 to $15, according to brill- 
ianey of plumage or from $15 to $25 per 
pair, the latter figure being for the 
finest selected specimens. We _ also 
earry a full line of skins in our Chicago 
store, Douglas Arcade, 3571 Cottage 
Grove Ave. 

F.H. LATTIN & CO. 


Can coin big money. Bran new 
plan. Great craze. Just out. 
“Good side line.” Biggestchance 
ever offered agents, salary or com- 

Goods on 


mission. Be quick. 
credit. Samples, etc., Free. MUL- 
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust, Phila..Pa. 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia. Pa. 
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a 
speciality. Note and _ letter 
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 


ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F, 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tt 


NW CHAS.K.REED, 2% 
362MainSt. WORCESTER .MASS.3 


i) ONLY DIRECTORY om Earts 


= | Guaranteeing 30,000. For 
= } only 10 cents (regular price 
ia 25 cents.) your name, if re- 
~ ceived within next 30 


=) days, will be BOLDLY 
printed on gummed 
J paper, and from Pub- 
lishers, Manufactur- 
ers and others, you 
|| willreceive hundreds 
probably thousands, 
5 Os waluable Books, 
amples, Papers, Maga- 
S———/ zines, etc. All free and 
li f, each parcel with one of 
Mn) your boldly printed ad- 
dresses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We will also 
print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 
1891. DEAR S1RS—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 
turers, etc. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of 
quail, ftom all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY CO., 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa, 


938 THE OOLOGIST. 


. Fair and Resort Goods. & 


Parties desiring to make an exhibit at their County Fairs or Resor ts should 
consult our prices, before buying elsewhere. 

We earry the largest stock in Chicago—of Shells, Shell Boxes, Spar Jewelr y, 
also Agate and Sea Bean Jewelry, Fine Polished Agate Goods, Curios both Land 
and Marine, and Corals of all kinds. We can put you up a good assortment for 
Fair or Resort from $25.00 to any amount you care to invest. Write us at once if 
you wish to make an exhibit. 

We would invite any persons living near Chicago to visit our store at 3071 
Cottage Grove Ave., and select what they desire. 

Parties anywhere within 500 miles of the city can save their actual expenses 
if they wish to buy this class of goods. 

e expect, during the next three months, to handle more stock in this line 
than any two Wholesale Houses in United States. 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y. 


AUDUBON’S Life-size pictures, beautifully and 


accurately colored from nature. 


BIRDS | Plates for sale separately, for fram- 


ing. 
OF 
Estes & Lauriat, 


Full descriptive catalogue sent FREE 
AMERICA BOSTON. 


by 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaist will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and occupies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


THE OOLOGIST. 239 


EXCHANGE EXTRAORDINARY! ™§2eP  fatn 


We want at once the following first-class eggs, either in singles or sets, in ex- 
change at Standard Catalogue rates, or if in sets, we will allow 10 per cent above 
these prices, in exchange for the articles mentioned below. Eggs taken in large 
or small quantities. No exchange amounting to less than $1.00 can be “bothered 
with” unless 10cts. additional is enclosed for return postage and packing. If you 
have any of the rarer species to offer, send lists. Species wanted, A. O. U. No’s 
1, 3, 4, 7, 12, 16, 27, 29, 40, 49, 53, 58, 59, 63, 64, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 74, 77, 80, 106; 
any Cormorants, Ducks or Geese, 184, 186; any Herons, 206, 208, 211, 212, 214, 219, 
224, 225, 228, 230, 261, 263, 278, 280 289; any rare Quail or Grouse, 310, 315, 320, 
any Hawks or Owls, 387, 388, 394, 416, 417, any Hummers, 457, 458, 461, 466a, 
467, 476, 484, 485, 486, 490, 494, 497, 505, 518, 538, 539, 542a, 546, 549, 550, 
558, 587, 588a, 588b, 597, 598, 599, 601, 604, 608, 619, 631, 6383, 681, 687, 702, 710, 715, 
717a, 721, 71a, 721b, 724, 725, 727, 735, 748, 748a, 756, 759b, 767; Alligator and 
Snake. We will accept any species not mentioned above at one-half rates. The 
prices given in the Standard Catalogue must be used as a basis. All eggs must be 
strictly first class in every particular, and if not in such condition we will take 
out eggs to the amount of five times the actual cost of return postage to pay for 
same and trouble, and return the balance to you. 

In return for the above we will give any of the following articles, specimens or 
supplies at the prices quoted. 


INGORE Ol LEMON 4 OW 0X3) ea eec see meee eases ee eee $ 2 Fragment Indian Pottery, Pla.................. 2125 
iM PertechwublOw UPC =... ee we 10 AMES aGOIE ROO Diets eae re re een ee aaa ae 25 
INU TR RIC Oi ferent D yer Wee ene ee ee 10 100 varieties Foreign Stamps 30 
“© 2, 12-100 .** Peed oem ces ac oe es | eeter Cae 15 Sea sHorsew keys he ee 50 

~ 3, 15-100 ** STi Wipe See ere Eee BY Renan Sar 17 Fossil Polyp Coral............. 25 
4, 18-100 ** egies iaeeper Bee ese eee 20 Fossil Sea Urenin....... ra 25 

Sa s2l OO SSA grt N Sse uae es au Soa oe 25 Sika texihio pee hee ae eon 15 
Nickel Plated Embryo Hook 4% in. long... 30 Sharksbeo eee ea ey Rye Vel ola ee 20 
GLASS EYES.—No. 10 Flint per prs......... 08 Hammerhead Shark Hgg.........2...--...--------- ee 
BT eee SC raae: enw 15 IBSEN ACLE Sin Gil Cees nein enn ee enn 15 

EO it) aaa Seale ae wees 35 Starhsh Atl anti cesses een 25 

Se ON BO Dee Ra 50 Fossil Fish Eggs, one dozen 25 

Coy TC We RORy AMY) PO" ee 25 SaniceD olla ree eae 10 

100 Data Blanks, Assorted.....................2..... 35 SAWA MISTS awe eee cael ei oe eee 75 
12 New Checking Lists. ................. eas et 35 Hormedvhoadsastutiedes ee eee 75 
Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds Eggs... 50 Small Porcupine Fish, a great curio... 3 00 
Handbook on Insect Collecting ....... . 15 Echinaste rsentus,a rare BLACK Starfish. 75 


Back No’s of the OOLoGIStT at single copy 
price as quoted on page 189, June issue. 
20 back numbers of OOLOGIST,our selection 75 
OOLOGIST (no premium) to Jan., 1894. _...... 50 


OoLOGIST, with premium. for one year...... 1 00 
Card good for 35-word’*Want, Exchange or 

Eor Sale” notice in the OOLOGIST......... 1 00 
Davie’s Naturalists’ Manual,’ 125 pages 

of valuable illustrated information .__.. 75 
NVORIGESHH aie mana Gee oe 35 
Beetle Nut, New Zealand......... .......... ize 15 
REE Sea se a Nite we ote ee es De Ae is Peo + OB) 
Gray Sea Bean 05 
Scaphites Nodosus extra fine.......... 2022... 1 00 


OUST MeA ALC r a meee avn Bebe eat 35 


Heliaster Kubingii. The South American 


Sun Dial or Many-armed Starfish_....... 1 00 
Asterias ochracea, an unique Starfish......... 75 
Nidorella armata, a desirable Panama 

CUSHTONYS Gai s nee eee eee i 00 
Astrophyton Agassizii, the rare Thousand- 

AEM ASKS bets Hee eee one nee 2 00 
Lagenum bonani,a Phil. echinoderm....... 50 
Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, the Mam- 

TOOO\ Hal JERK MTG Wel fe ek oko teeecee 1 50 
Fungia elegans, perfect specimens of the 

Zanzibar Mushroom Coral ............-...--.- 1 00 
Scorpion nicely mounted and boxed........... 1 00 


Egg of Nurse Shark, a new and rare curio. 
Offered collectors for the first time. 1 00 


BIRDS EGGS. White-crowned Pigeon*.. 150 Gray-tailed Cardinal -...... 1 50 
White-winged Dove*......... 80)” “nepal Cerachhopytey is 50 

Can furnish species followed Mex. Ground Dove ........... 75 Sharpe’s Seed-eater*......... 1 2 
by * in sets with data if desir- Tex. Screech Owl*.__........... 75 Sennett’s Thrasher*......... 20 
ed. : Burrowing] Ow lees 20 Curve-billed Thrasher*..__.. 20 
St. Domingo Grebe ..... ... $ 60 Southern Hairy Wood- Carolina Wren..... -.......-..- 15 
OO bye erm cieesensy aaa eee 35 Decker. ee hee heh 100 Bewick’s Wren........ Pea c.!) 
INO diy hs seeps I 60 Mex. Crested Flycatcher* 50 Brown-headed Nuthatch... 35 
IBHenGlkeol MMeyeare te lS 175 Hlorida Blue Jiay* -...)..._.. ce OO me Dut bedy Mitno muse cess 40 
Audubon’s Shearwater*... 2 25 Dwarf Cowbird.................. 1D ee Ip Pers OUze lessees 1 00 
SS.COUC epee core eee eo 200 Red-eyed Cowbird ............. 50) Sroxavess Gayest he 5 1) 
NYO OCS s eee earee eres 200 Bullock’s Oriole................ 12 European Blackbird*........ 10 
bam Canes eee ee (OO eee Ouse hinch ele ee O08) Picduhlycatchers = 20 
Chachalacate 2 100 American Goldfinch*......... OSE CiriBunting= ee 30 
Texas Sparrow*..2... 200. 0) Stovoy Aayerars ga ee 20 


This exchange offer holds good until Sep. 15TH ONLY, at which date, should we 
See fit to extend or make a similarjone, many of the more desirable eggs, curios, 
ete., will positively be withdrawn. Address, F,H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y 


240 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Presented during 1893 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 
THE OOLOGIST. 

Each month during 1898 we _ shall 
give five prizes. These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s O6LoGIST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ “‘Key to North American 


) BTV LSTA exe A eI ll Pa $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘‘Manual of North 
American Birds”.......... 7 50 


Chamberlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- 


Oya” (4 Wl alone a Vela s aes 5 00 
Goss’s ‘‘Birds of. Kansas”... .... 7 50 
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’s) ‘‘Amer- 

ican Ornithology’’......... 7 50 


Maynard’s ‘Birds of KasternNorth 
America’’ (text complete). 15 00 
Washington Irving’s Works, 10 


NYO) Rte fog ae see nn RY ANE rate yl 7 50 
Wim. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10 

AO) Sua ua ennce alee sian ene mons ... 10 00 
Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25 


Jenk’s ‘“‘ComprehensiveCommen- 

tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 

large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographic Books 


and Publications.......... 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 
INTEC ZI renene enelay eay a 6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 
alee JeMUI Shr aA Ao de A Bleo old. 31 50 
A Due-Bill good for$33.00towards 
a new$45.00AmericanUnion 
(same as New Home) Sew- 
aye Eye SG ko eo ee Ske Ok v8 00 
A Due-Bill good for$12.00towards 
a new $20 double case Odell 
My eh wirtlel arises. 12 00 
2nd Prize each month will be a part 
ot ‘‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,” each containing an average 
of 8 plates and 340 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 
worth at publisher’s original price not 
far from $7.50. : 
3d Prize—Langille’s “Our Birds in 
Their Haunts”’’, $38.00 
4th Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North American 
Oélogy” unbound, no plates, original 
price about $3.00. 
5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- 
ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Each article receiving at least as 
many credits as there are number of 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded the 
pore for 1893 bound ir cloth and 
gilt. 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as many credits as the number of 
Judges and not winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subscrip- 
tion to the OOLOGIST. 2 

All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which 
is shipped at winner’s expense. 


—®D of 


You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the jfirst of next month. 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which yow have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIsT and 
mail to us. Number the articles in the 
order which you think’ the prizes 
should be awarded. 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s ‘‘Birds of 
Jastern North America’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
and 264 pages, strongly bound in heavy 
manilla covers and at publisher’s origi- 
inal price ave worth at least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book ‘Small 
Talk about Business.” 

3d A Combination icroscope. 

4th An Agate Watch Charm. 

oth A Pocket Knife. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
winning articles in theirexact orderand 
not winning one of the five special 
prizes we will give ao py ofthe ‘“‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue of North America Birds 
Eggs.” 

o each Judge naming the prize- 
winning articles but not in their exact 
order and not winniug one of the five 
special prizes we will give a copy of 
that elegant new Columbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 25 cts.). 

All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail 
prepaid. 

Address your decision to 

FRANK H. LaTTIn, 
Albion, N. Y. 


Sa 


NELLULT TT 1 tt 


a iE AEAL 


VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., SEP., 1893. 


eh 

LT angnoeseaeg / /”)) \ paeaesadparas” és 
» Panocisy. < 
‘Ss iY ! SO ai Mi: 

Monthiy. iS 50c. per Year. <g 

NO. 9 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, *‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” “Hor Sales,” insertedin this department 


for 5c per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Sbrictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
*‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, ori, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted tor “Wants” and *‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


. WANTED.—-A pair of Ruddy Ducks, must be 
first-class Skins. good exchange in fine skins 
or eges. “G.I*. DIPPIE, 324 George St., Tor- 
onto. Can. é 
SS nn 
TO EXCHANGE.—The following first-class 
singles for same. or Dayie’s Key. A. O. U. No}s 
394. 423, 428, 452. #56. 507, 624. 721. 756 1-3 Set. N. 
G. VAN DEWATER, Gretna, Dutchess Co.N.Y. 


POR EXCHANGE.--For best offer of stamps 
the following first-class singles. A O. U. No’s 
DOL. 506, 452. 474b, 393. 611, 221, 475. MM. V. STE W- 


(ART, Suxon, Henry Co., Illinois. 


NOTICE .—I have a $500 Pearl typewriter as 
good as hew. Will exchange for trst-Class bird 
skins, books on Natural History ;nd Taxider- 
my or will sell cheap. E. W. MERGLER, 136 
Mulberry St., Buifalo, N. Y. 


_ TO EXCHANGE.—Collection, over fifty sets 
mostly rare ones for Shot-gun. Small Rifle, Re- 
volver, Musical instruments. ~ Thorough-bred 
dog or anything of value. Will sell for cash 
half catalogue price. J. W. SHAFFER, Box 
23, Clarion. Iowa. 


FOR EXCHANGE or CASH.—One first-class 
pair of climbers (strapped) for (1.50). one dollar 
anda half or for best exchange offer. CALD- 
WELL CLEVELAND. Short Hills. N. J. 


BARGAINS. -50 varieties Stamps, very fine. 
only 3.15. 25 varieties $.05. flne approvals. 
Would like to Correspond with collectors of 
Shells. coins. stamps, relics «wud curiosities. 


ARCHIE L GOWEY, DePere, Wis. : 


WANTIRD. Three fine skins of Bald Waele. 
and 6 skins of White winged Crossbill. For 
above we will give the very best exchange in 
anything we have forsale. Write ut once. F. 
H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


WANTED. Star tobacco tin tags in small or 
large lots. Can offer you in exchanee for then: 
Bird Eggs, Skins. Indian Relics, Shvils,Stamps. 
Old Coins, Guns. Revolvers. Watches or Curios- 
ities of any kind, taking tags at rat. ve. each in 
trade. Write me what you want. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, Wash. Co., N. Y. 


\ 


FINE SHTS of Eges and Skins given in ex- 


change tor Star tobacco tin tags. HENRY 
DAVIS. North Granville, N. Y._ 

FOR SALE.—1,000 Volumes of Standard 
Medical and other Scientific works, Anatomi- 


cal preparations, Surgical instruments, .high- 
gerade Banjo, Violin, ete. Willbe sola at a bar- 
gain. Will make good exchange for a good 
type-writer or photographie Camera. Address, 
SHCRHERARY, SOUTHWESTERN PHARMI- 
CAL CO., 118 South St , Holyoke, Mass. 


EXCHANGE.—Having recently moved here 
from Wisconsin would like to hear from Collect- 
ors in vicinity of Minneapolis with a view to 
exahanging. J.D. CURRIE. 1439 West Lake 
St., Minneapolis, Minn. 


CALIW. MURRES EGGS.—I have afew sets 
left Which I will Sell prepaid at 15c. each or a 
handseme series of 10 for $1.40. Will exchange 
afew tor good eggs. 00ks to exchange for 
eggsin sets. C. BARLOW, Box 135, Santa 
Clara. Cal. 


EVERY person sending me a set of eges with 
data, I will by return mail send twice their 
value in foreign stamps. valued from 2c. to 25¢. 
each. First one sending gets $1 worth of 
stamps /rée. W. A. JOHNSON, 123 W: Brooks 
St., Galesburgh. Tl. 


FOR SALE. -A collection of North Carolina 
Birds Eggs, Send stamp for list and “price to 
THOS. A. SMITHWICK, Walke, Bertie Co., N. 
Carolina. 


ONE VOL. and a halt of Golden Weekly for 
a collection of Birds Eggs. (Singles). ELL- 
WOOD A. STEELMAN, Ocean City, Cape May 
Co: N: Ji. 

Skins 


_FOR EXCHANGE. of Ivory-billed 
Woodpecker for Eggs'in sets or€ash. HENRY 
DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


WILL accept as many Star tobaeco tin tags 
between now and Sept 15th as you can send 
me. giving yousn exchange some rare bargains 
in eggs in sets with full data for same. HEN- 
RY DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. 


249 THE OOLOGIST. * 


WANTED.—Star tobacco tin tags in lots of 
10, 20, 30, 40, or 50. Will give in exchange eggs 
in sets, taking tags at 3c. each. HENRY DA: 
VIS, North Granville, INfs 46 


WANTED,—Davie’s Nests and Eggs (cloth), 
latest edition. Will give fine sets in exchange. 
Sets with data to exchange for. same. Also 
some fine singles, as Buzzard, Hawks, Gulls, 
etc., to exchange for books, eggs, etc. JAMES 
M. ODELL, JR., Austin, Texas. 


- WANTED.—Singles of any of following A. 
O. U. No’s 3, 4. 7, 12, 29, 31a 38, 42. 47, 47, 63, 72,78, 
104, 183, 154, 183, 184, 185, 186. 206, 207, 210, 218, 220, 
228, 243, 249, 258, 260, 275, 285, 3800a, 800c, 308a,308b, 
309, 327, 332, 342, 349, 358, 355, 894a. 412a, 445, 486, 
680a, 534, 550, 563a, 590. 628. 637, 594, 719a, For 
any of above we will allow even Standard Cata- 
logue rates for other eggs, or at % rates for 
Supplies, adv. space, etc... ete. Send list first. 
FP. oH. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fine eges in sets and sin- 
gles to exchange for same. {Strictly first-class 
and first-class wanted. JULUIS WHIEDLER, 
Red Wing, Minn. 


WANTED.—Shot gun except single muzzle 
loader, Rifle breech loader except choap grade 
floberts. Revolver best grades, Safety Bicycle, 
Wield Glass, Carpenter tools Will give extra 
good exchange in Eggs. Watches. Books, Pa- 
pers, V nickles. C. BYRON VANDERCOOK, 
Odin, Ills. 2S 


EGGS. 

From the Orient and Assam (Malahba) cor- 
rectly named, at moderate price. HERMANN 
ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- 
many. 


I HAVE first-class singles and novels to ex- 
hange for sets or singles. C J. TIFFANY, 
Box 651, Newark, N. Y. 


FINE SETS with data to exchange for 
Northern and Western sets. Wanted, sets of 
Hawks, Hummers, ets. Wil! give good ex- 
change in sets for sets of Black and Turkey 
Vultures, %. All answered. JAS: ODELL, 
JR., Austin, Texas. 


WANTED.—Star tobacco tin tags in lots of 
from 100 to 5000. For every 100 Star tags sent 
me between now and Sept. 15th I will give any 
one of the following sets with full data: Anna’s 
Hummer n-2, Costa’s Hummer n-2, Black-chin- 
ned Hummer n-2, or will accept tags, allowing 
you 3c. each in exchange for eggs. Wor 109 
tags, a fine skin of Ivory-billed Woodpecker 
put up in first-class condition. For 2000 tags 
one fine gold filled watch case guaranteed to 
wear 15 years, with Am. Waltham or Elgin 
movements. value $¥5. For 3000. your own se- 
lection of sets tothe amount of $90 from a large 
list of rare eggs. For 5000 any of the following: 
One gold watch case, Cash value $50. One Rem- 
ington double barrel breech loading shot gun 
with full set of reloading tools, and 200 loaded 
shells, cash value $50. Owls, Gulls, Dueks, etc.. 
etc., or accepting tags at rate as stated before. 
You can forward me tags in small or large lots. 
Match box is a good thing to send them in. Any 
ether information cheerfully furnished. HMWN- 
RY DAVIS, North Granville, N. Y. : 


)4sea Shells in neat cabinet, named 

(scientific) and illustrated cata- 

i) logue of Nat. Hist. specimens. post 
paid, 30c. C.F. CARR, 


New London, Wis. 


Our Chicago Store, 


3,571 Cottage Grove Ave. 


Our Store at above address will be open until May Ist, 1894. 


We. 


carry in same, a full line of everything which we have at our Albion 


headquarters. 


Parties will save several days delay by addressing all orders and 


communications to us here, as both Mr. 
be here until close of World’s Fair. 


Lattin ee Mr. Webb will 


The store is easily reached by Ill. Central Suburban trains, getting 


off at Douglas Station, 36th St., 
stopping at 36th. 


or by Cottoge Grove Ave. 


cars, 


The publishers of the OoLocisr will be glad to meet their old 
friends and patrons, either at our main exhibit in the south east cor- 
ner Gallery of the Anthropological Building, orin the Florida State 


Building where we have an attractive exhibit. 


tion is at the former location. 


‘The egg colloc- 


In writing please be sure to give correct address. 


FH. Latin ec Co 


THE O OLOGIST. 24: 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the OoLocistT will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R. 
Rh. Depots—HElectric car line passes by its entrance—and occupies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
_ Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


AUDUBON’S Life-size pictures, beautifully and 


accurately colored from nature. 


BIRDS Plates for sale separately, for fram- 


ing. 


OF 2 | 
Estes & Lauriat, 


AMERICA BOSTON. 
_ Shells, Corals and Curios. 


We wish to call the attention of our readers particulary to our 
large stock of above. 

We are doubtless handling more shells at the present time than 
any other House in Central U. S. We are wholesaling to a large 
number of dealers on the World’s Fair Grounds and are prepared to 
quote figures on a line of. Shells and Corals that will stand any 
competition. 

If you want to start a stand at some Fair or State Exposition, and 
make more money in one week than you have made in all summer, 
write for prices, or if you have our wholesale list recently sent you, 
order from that. We are bound to contest the trade in this line, 
and a trial order will convince you of the quality of goods we are 
sending out. 


Jad Lagi Co. Albion, NOV. 


Ce 


Full descriptive catalogue sent FREE 


244 


Fossils, Agates, shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 


ScapHitEs Nopusus, M. and H. 


ANjSOVAANEANIS) LOVE WOKS ADM NIE e oe no eae Seo eee 15 
FNL NEYONAY GL HERMNUFENIEY coos A bcs 15 
AMiSOMYyOn DAtlelIiTOn Mise ees 30 
Baculites ovatus 10 to $1.00 
CENTS TEND) C Wi yale te nares eee eee 15 to .25 
MEMLAliUNMCTACILC ee we pate ee een eee 315 
TSIEN acu aveys Yo 0a OVO) eeu aang ane eee a ea de abt 415 
Volsella Meeki d 15 
Wray SHOT OK UNATNO ee ee oll 
Inoceramus convexus Beat -20 to .75 
es Urisplie es Sib bh CE Rare th Ne. 15 to .75 
TuUMA tax COM CMM eye esse eee eres re eC 15 
Mucinay subunGdatas ae s 
Margarita Nebrasensis 
INUEUTacanCellaiaes y= eee sceeneee 


Scaphites nodusus 
Martesia cuneata 


TANT i Oe SN i ee en a .20 tO .25 
ROSSIMICA VES 25 sey en eee eee PAS bOND 
TNGEN Heiss, TOWNER ok Ee eee eo 110 to) .50 

a DOSS Cee eee Oe cae 25 to $2.00 
California Onyx, polished.__................... 40 to $1.75 
IREUOS KC Yi vA S AUCS ye ani ieateeeenceer crs 
FOSSILTERN Sees ase eee eee eens 

ME POLTILC ASW OO Oia: 9s -teo utes toeeer esa chceeneee ees 
PNeraNIZe Cy WOO C15 eet eee eee eee eee 
TEXOUAOSN AUTON HEY 2 cases ee ae cane a eee 
Hone y-Comilo lava. 522 es eee 


Sponge lava, will float in water 
Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses 


CONG Vere ae ee Nee Ee og Dae 15 to .50 
Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per 

(OEM NAN oe eae oe eee calcein $1.50 tO $2.06 
Buffalo horns, per pair_.._............ ........50 to $1.50 
Rattles trom Rattlesnake) =e 2. 10 to .25 


10 per cent discount on cash orders of 


$10.00 or more. 
Send for price lists. — 
Homer Squyer, 


Mingusville, - - Montana. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Choice Sets of Eggs. 


In order to lower our stock as much as possi- 
ble during the next thirty days, we will allow 
the following discounts. 


15 per cent, on orders of $2 or over. 
210) ‘ i ee te te 


9 oc $3 es 
o5 6h 3 (7 6 $5 Gs LO 
b 6 ‘ 66 di $10 5G og 


30 ‘ é 
Orders of 350 and over SPECIAL PRICES. 


The following are strictly first-class with full — 
data. Singles can be furnished of any listed. 
Now is the time to add any of these species. 
that may be lacking in your collection, aS our. 
stock may be exhausted within two weeks. 


No. eggs 
in set. Perege 
eae : 


Pied-billed Grebe........... LU Rater conan Ge finte) $ 10 
Peeters ae ae ees Comedie es Nara 1 
INU GTeS eau ses dege te apes west bee) Fale 1 20 
GATE IVER ON psa eee eee 1 20) 
IPAMASIUIGUACR CL sete eee 2 50 
ii(Cranla axa Gro ai lsmes es peers net Se GS Sees ee 2 1 00 
ERG PL VVIEUIR Es tees, cee Sees eae eee 2 40 
Laughing Gull vy) 20 
Sooty-Rernn 222s 1 95 
IN@akely7 AMeraa eee 1 50 
Bridled Tern eae 1 1 00 
Be THON Haale HRs Medi eC i Le ie aes Sn. eae 1 7D 
(GRETNA Ce ace NG orate rere 1 35. 
Miamxs Sie am wate ie 2928s 1 aD 
Audubon’s Shearwater..............-.. 1 1 00 
Mmeaches Pebrelyewe teats 1 20 
MOG ke ball SURE entails Crete ees ee il 2°00 
Booby Ganmet............. 2 1 50 
_ Yellow-bill Tropic Bird -__...........- 1 2 00 
ISRONWAald PMR M os Ee eee 2 20 
FEIT vyalit Og ch eee een eetee renee 5-10 2 
White-face Glossy Ibis -...-.-....... - 3-4 1 00 
WAVoroya list ovisy. sus, se Ge snc cinta 4 1 00 
IRS OUGHTA, TKR AS se 2 Soto 4 30 
1 OU SALWAR ELE OMI een seee Uren ner 5 15 
TB ilmelley 2B NOE) JEWMEVRONM ooo ese wee cs 5 12 
Greeneelenony eee eee eres 5 10 
Black-crown N. Heron..-.-.......-2- 4 12 
Gore Crailxe ee eee ee eee s 7-8 20 
Black-necked Stilt 4 50 
Huropean Snipe... 4 25 
Wilson’s Snipe...... 4 1 30 - 
Golden Plover....-...-- 4° 40 
apwine.... = 4 15 
Amer. Coot .-.--..-- 6-10 08 
Green Sandpiper 4 2.00 
Sooty Grouse........- 6 , 85 
Chacala cay eae 3 60 
White. crown Pigeon p 2 15) 
BIACle VALET eee eee eee 2 7d 
‘Turkey Vulture.. 2 75 
Cooper’s Hawk.. 4 30- 
Gray Sea Eagle... 3 2 50 
- Kestrel © .-.:2.2.-2.-22 5 20 
INNS: OB GAGE Neh sae Pe aS Shen HE 1-00 
Nighthawk .-...-..- Ce eee SAF ee Re ae z 40 
Vee aia ese ene 2 2 50 
Teles TENORS ele erent ema s sean 4 30 
Western BODO lin keen sens 4-5 35 
DSR WS LEM IN ORONO 3 no oe re saeas san aes5es 3-4 12 
Great-paliG racks. ee -eees i 4 15 
Spavexes AM au raysineye cu hoe oaks code co n-5 50 


F.H. LATTIN & CO.. 
Albion, N. Y. 


PRINTIN ‘Of all kinds for Naturalists a 

speciality. Note and _ letter 
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated caita- 
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F, 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


THE OOLOGIST. 


WMOLX. ALBION, 


, 1898. NOW'S 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


The Progress of His Undertaking. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH. 


VI. 

Wilson’s first extended pilgrimage 
was undertaken in the month of Octob- 
er, 1804, to Niagara country. He 
seems to have regarded this journey as 
atrial of strength, for the hardship 
which he was afterwards to undergo. 
‘On his return he wrote to Mr. Bartram 
that though he had travelled over 
twelve hundred t* foot, ata late 
season of the year, through trackless 
forests and deep snows; crossed danger- 
ous rivers and wild mountains; yet he 
was so far from being satisfied with 
what he had accomplished, or discour- 
aged by what he had encountered, that 
he feels more earnest than ever to enter 
upon some new and more extensive ex- 
pedition. He wished to visit scenes 
and subjects entirely new and as of yet 
unknown; and by so doing he might 
add something new to his: stores of 
knowledge. Heteels the utmost con- 
fidence in his own spirit and resolution; 
and having no family to claim his affec- 
tions; no ties but those of friendship; 
with a constitution which hardens 
amidst fatigues, a disposition sociable 
and familiar, and equally at home by 
an Indian fire in the deep forests as in 
the best of city society, he thinks he 
will become a traveller. But he about 
«espaired when he reviewed his miser- 
able deficiency in botany, mineralogy 
and drawing—aequirements absolutely 
necessary for a profitable expedition. 
He asks his venerable friend for instrue- 
tion in botany and drawing; and with 
these he has no fear of anything. When 


he wrote this letter the whole amount 
of his personal property was three 
quarters of a dollar; yet his determina- 
tion to succeed overruled all these cir- 
cumstances of greater importance 

Still we must remember that it was not 
so much money needed to undertake 
an extended journey in those days as it 
was courage and perseverance. 

The winter of 1804-5 was largely 
spent in teaching, drawing and prepar- 
ing ‘‘The Foresters,” an account of his 
remarkable journey in the form of a 
poem for publication. While on his 


way home from Niagara he passed 
through the Mohawk country, and it 


was near the banks of that majes*ic 
river that he shot two birds which he 
took much pains to preserve, supposing 
them to be wholly new to naturalists, 
though one of them the Canadian Jay 
was known before. He took much 
painsin drawing these specimens, and 
presented them to Thomas Jefferson, 
then President of the United States who 
acknowledged them in a very cordial 
manner. There were few in this coun- 
try at that time who possessed a more 
thorough knowledge of our native birds 
than did Mr. Jefferson; and it is worthy 
to remark that one of our common 
birds presented an impenetrable mys- 
tery to him, and he recommended 
Wilson to make a earful study of it and 
to see if he could determine its name. 
From the brief description Mr. Jeffer- 
son gave and what he had learned him- 
self, Wilson was able to distinguish the 
Wood Thrush as the species to which 
he referred. 

The winter of 1805 was one of un- 
usual severity and the poor throughout 
the country suffered much with cold 
and hunger. Owing to this Wilson’s 
school was at its lowest ebb; and he 
says that he was scareely able to col- 


246 THE OOLOGIST. 


lect sufficient tuition to pay his board, 
having no more than twenty-seven 
scholars. He threatened to give up the 
school if the authorities did not supply 
him with more funds and scholars. <A 
meeting of the trustees was called, and 
rather than have him resign, two gen- 
tlemen offered to pay one hundred dol- 
lars a year themselves. Forty-six 
scholars were subseribed for and he re- 
mained in his humble voeation. Al- 
though such embarrassments as these 
arose, yet he was resolutely bent on ac- 
complishing his great design and he oe- 
cupied every leisure moment in study- 
ing birds and making drawings. - 

The trials and hardshids of that mem- 
orable winter at last past, he hailed the 
appearance of Spring with joy and ris- 
ing enthusiasm. With the return of 
Spring came his favorite companions— 
the birds; and he sacrificed every amuse- 
ment except reading and fiddling for 
the accomplishment of his plans. He 

had now entered upon the profession of 
an ornithologist in earnest. As the 
first streak of dawn tinged the eastern 
horizon he shouldered his gun and 
sketching material and set out in pur- 
suit of some new and strange bird just 
arriving from the South. Seareely a 
month had elapsed before he had com- 
pleted and sent to Mr. Bartram for in- 
spection twenty-eight drawings of birds 
found in Pennsylvania, either as regul- 
as residents or stragglers. Two of these 
were entirely new to naturalists as they 
were unfigured either in Bartram’s list 
or Edward’s seven volumes. 

He had heard that former naturalists 
had executed the plates illustrative of 
their works themselves, and he felt con- 
fident that he could do likewise. There- 
upon he procurred the necessary cop- 
per plates and at once attempted etch- 
ing them. The next day he burst into 
Mr. Lawson’s office saying that he had 
completed his first plate and must. have 
a proot before he left there. The proof 
was taken but it fell far short of his ex- 


pectations. After afew more trials of 
similiar success he threw them aside in 
despair convinced that nothing short of 
the engraver would give proper effect 
to his illustrations. Mr. Bartram re- 
fused to engage with him jointly in his. 
work. Thus baffled and discouraged 
he solemnly resolved to proceed alone in 
the publication even if it cost him his 
life. Using his own words he said that 
“T shall at least leave a small beacon to 
point out where I perished.” 

In the year 1806 Wilson learned that 
Thomas Jefferson, President of the 
United States contemplated equipping 
and sending out an expedition to ex- 
plore the valley of the Mississippi. The 
Mississippi valley then known as the 
Louisianana Territory was a new re- 
gion and Mr Jefferson realized the im- 
portance of exploring that region be- 
fore he made his famous purchase. 
Wilson had long indulged in the desire 
to visit this region; in fact he had not 
long before seriously contemplated des- 
cending the Ohio river in search of new 
specimens. A favorable - opportunity 
was now afforded him and he lost no 
time in gaining the consent of Mr. Bart- 
ram, who was a close friend of Jeffer- 
son, to write him a letter of recom- 
mendation. This letter together with 
the one he wrote was enclosed in one 
cover and addressed to‘‘His Excellency, 
Thomas Jefferson, President of the 
United States.” In this letter he set. 
forth the design of his new ornithology 
of the United States, and stated that al- 
though he had. traversed the greater 
part of our northern and eastern states. 
and had completed upwards of one 
hundred drawings, yet he was unac- 
quainted with the beautiful tribes in- 
habiting the extensive country of the 
Ohio. He said he had engaged the as- 
sistance and compionship'of Mr. Bart- 
ram in an expedition down the Ohio 
river from Pittsburgh to the Mississippi 
thence to New Orleans, and to continue 
researches by land in return to Phila- 


so much at heart. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


delphia; but after taking into more ser- 
ious consideration the advanced age of 
Mr. Bartram and the weakness of his 
eye-sight and other inabilities to en- 
counter the fatigues of such an extend- 
ed journey, he had given up all hopes 
of accomplishing the enterprise; till he 
learned of the expedition the govern- 
ment contemplated dispatching to the 
Red River, the Arkansas and other tri- 
butaries of the Mississippi. He assured 
his Excellency that his services would 
be of advantage and at the same time 
would afford an opportunity of procur- 
ing subjects for the work which he had 
Being accustomed to 
the hardship of travel, without a family 
and an enthusiastic in the pursuit of 
Natural History he begs leave to offer 
himself for any of these expeditions. 
For some unknown reason Wilson 
failed to receive a reply to his letter. 
nor did he receive an appointment to 
accompany the expedition. One of 
Wilson’s biographers has chose to re- 
gard his not receiving a reply to his 
courteous application as ‘“‘so little did 
Mr. Jefierson regard the pretensions of 
genius and the interests of science” 
We beg to differ with his biographer in 
this particular as Mr. Jefferson had 
ever manifested an earnest interest in 
Natural History. In fact he had pre- 
pared ‘‘Notes upon the Natural History 
of Virginia” and had furthermore point- 
ed out to Wilson a species of bird of 
which he was unacquainted and of 


. _ which he wished enlightment. We may 


more reasonably suppose that Wilson’s 
letter was miscarried than that it was 
intentionally neglected. What ever 
may have been the cause of his failure 
to receive a reply, Wilson was greatly 


mortified and disappointed and regard- 
ed it as having lost the golden oppor- 
tunity of his life. Although Wilson did 
succeed a few years later in accomplish- 
ing a journey down the Ohio, yet the 
advantages to be gained by acecompan- 
ing a governmental expedition were 
manifold and wanting in this later 
journey. 


247 


The American and Least Bitterns in Henry 
County, Ills. 


AMERICAN BITTERN. 

This year I was very fortunate in 
procuring sets of eggs from this bird. 
Last year a thorough search did not re- 
veal a single nest and they were almost 
unknown to the ‘‘boys” with whom I 
visited while hunting in the swamps. 

These swamps cover about a town- 
ship and are at times covered with 
water from a few inches to 3 feet deep. 
Most of my sets were taken in» ponds 
aronnd the mar gain or on the divide be- 
‘tween this swamp and one south of it. 

My first set was taken May 22nd and 
was of 5 eggs. Fresh. 

The nest was the most elaborate of 
any I saw and was about 2 feet long by 
18 inches across and 8 inches thick com- 
posed of dry rushes of last years growth 
laid on a bunch of broken down rushes 
over 8 feet of water, in a pond, perhaps 
an acre in extent. The rush used in 
nearly all the nests is a round rush, 
about the size of a lead pencil and 3 or 
4 feet high, which is very common in 
the swamps. 

The nest was nearly flat. 

The eggs vary in color from a dead 
grass or’straw to the green one often 
sees in grass dried in the shade, the 
first eggs laid being the most faded and 
nearly the color of the dead rushes of 
the nest. The eggs measure 2.02x1.44, 
2.00x1 42, 2.08x1.41, 2.06x1.42, 2.01x1.44, 
average 2.02x1.42. 

The bird was on the nest and another, 
the male perhaps, a few yards away. 

The second set, of 6 eggs, was found 
in a pond of about 20 acres. 

The nest was a platform of dry rush- 
es, ina thick patch of green rushes, 
nearly flat, and only a few inches thick. 

The eggs were nearly all fresh, one 
or two showing signs of incubation. 
They measure 2.00x1.46, 2.08x1.47, 2.00x 
1.46, 2.02x1.42, 2.04x1.46, average 2.03x 
1.45. In color they run froma yélluw- 


248 


ish drab to a greenish nearly like 
-grass dried in the shade. 
This pond was covered with a 


growth of rushes, flags and grass and 
was a great nesting place for Coots, 
Rails, Galinules, Bitterns, Black-birds 
_and I found my first Mallards nest in it. 
I had been very well pleased with sets 
of 10 Coots, 13 of King Rail, ete., but 
when I got to the shore where my 
friend John, who was helping me was 
waiting he took my breath away with. 
the statement that he had not done very 
well—only a set of 6 Bittern and 1-16 
King Rail besides a few sets of 8 Coots. 
The water in the pond varied from 6 
inches to 2 feet. 

My third set was in a small pond near 
the main swamp and had been found a 
few days before. by ‘‘George’’ when it 
had only one egg in it. 

The nest as usual was in a thck 
clump of rushes, nearly flat, and a very 
flimsy atfair, perhaps 8 inches across by 
12 long. The eggs bein abou 4 inches 
above the water. 

The color of these eggs is very diffi- 

cut to describe. They run from a dark 
cream to the color of dead grass. 
The measurements are 2.05x1.48, 2.03 
X1.50, 1.94x1.51, 2.07x1.48, average 2 02 
x1.49. As will be seen the shortest egg 
so far is the broadest 1.94x1.51. 

The 4th set was found on the edge of 
the swamp near where I had seena pair 
the day before and thought from their 
actions they must have a nest close by. 
I had given it up when [heard ‘‘George” 
laughing and as he is a model small 
boy for egg hunting who rarely makes 
a noise I went to him at once and saw 
something well worth laughing at, a 
Bittern setting on her nest scolding just 
as a setting hen will, and with about 
the same ‘‘chuck.” -Her feathers were 
all standing out and with her head 
dvawn back and bill open to its utmost 
extent she was acomical sight and one 
to be handled carefully. 

I gave her the basket to bite while I 


THE OOLOGIST. 


picked her up, but was disappointed to 
find only two eggs. 

George put her under his arm and 
holding her head in his hand carried 
her to the house and put her in a bar- 
rel, where we were rewarded by an- 
other egg next day. As she did not lay 
again I supposed the set must have 
been completed at 1-8. This was the 
most flimsy nest of all; placed in a very 
thin patch of rushes and not over two 
inches thick and only wide enough to 
hold the eggs. The water here was 
only about 8 inches deep. These eggs 
were taken on the 22nd of May. 

My next visit to the swamp was made 
on June 14th, but I found it rather late 
for the American Bittern, some sets 
found being ready to hatch. I got two 
very good sets, of 4 each, one from the 
large pond spoken of before. The first 
set was discovered by the scolding of 
the bird on the nest as in the case men- 
tioned above. The nest was well hid- 
den in a dense growth of rushes, at this 
time 8 or 4 feet above the water and 
the bird remained on it until I had 
called my companion and prepared: to 
take her when she flew ashort distance. 
The nest was ashallow platform of dead 
rushes placed in a clump of green 
rushes. 

Incubation had begun and as usual 
varied several days. They measure 
1.90x1.47, 1.9:x1.50, 1.96x1.42, 1.91x1.42. 
In color they are what might be called 
a very dark cream, or cream with 
dust mixed through it. 

Another set of 4 was taken in the 
pona where the set of 1-6 was found. I 
did not take this set myself but the 
boys informed me the oest was a shal- 
low platform of reeds placed on the 
broken stems of a clump of reeds, afew 
inches above water level and over sev- 
eral feet of water. 

They measure 2.04x1.48, 1.90x1.49 
2.04x1.47, 1.94x1.45. Incubation begun. 

They are of the greenish color des- 
eribed before. 


/ 


THE OOLOGIST. 249 


Several other sets were taken, among 
them two sets of 5, and a number of 
nests with incomplete sets er badly in- 
cubated eggs were left. 

The average of the 23 egg measured 
is 1.97x1.45. They run from 2.08 to 1.90 
long and from 1.41 to 1.51 broad. The 
eolor is hard to describe and I could 
not find one who would venture to call 
it any name. One variety has the ap- 
pearance of having faded to the coler 
of the rushes on which they are laid 
but even fresh eggs have this color, 
while others, even when well incubated, 
have’a greenish tinge. The nests were 
always over water and composed of dry 
rushes and the round reed spoken of 
before. They have much the appear- 
ance of a large and very thick doves 
nest and will average 10x15x4. 

A few rushes are broken to the tip of 
the water and on t ese the nest is laid. 


LEAST BITTERN. 


- Last year the Least Bittern was to be 
found in every clump of rushes and I 
was told it’s nests were as cummon as 
those of the Redwing, and from the 
birds I saw I do not doubt it, although 
I was not able to visit the place during 
the breeding season. 

This year the birds were not at all 
common at any time, and I did not get 
the number of sets I desired by any 
means. 

Fullsetscan rarely be obtained by 
the 10th of June and the nesting season 
is atits height about the 25th. 

The nest is a platform of last years 
reeds, not unlike a doves nest except 
that it is larger and deeper. 

It is placed in a clump of rushes on 
the tops that have been bent by the 
storms or by the birds, and always over 
water and usually from 10 to 18 inches 
above it, the deeper the water the bet- 
ter, which may account for their abund- 
ance last year when the marsh was 
deeply covered all the spring. 

The number of eggs ina set is -from 
3 to 5 with 4 as the average. 


& In color they are a greenish or bluish 
white but the color is very nearly white 
and I judge specimens after a long ex- 
posure to the light will be found to be 
faded to that color. 

A set of 5 measure, 1.24x.93, 1.19x.95, 
1.20x.96, 1.22x.93, 1.20x.94. Incubation 
fresh. A set of 4, 1:19x,94, 1.2'7x.92, 
1.25x.91, 1.22x.95. Incubation begun. 

The eggs except the tinge of color in 
them could not be told from large doves 
eggs. 

The sets were all taken on the 14th of 
June. 

One thing I saw surprised me and 
that was the fact that of all the birds I 
saw about the nests only one was a fe- 
male, who left a nest containing three 
fresh eggs. From this I concluded the 
male must do the incubating, at least 
during the day. 

At this time, June 14th, incubation 
had begunin a few sets, but was not 
advanced over 8 or 4 days in any. 

The Least Bittern unlike the Ameri- 
can Bittern can be found all over the- 
marsh, one nest I found being out about 
a mile and near a place where hund- 
reds of Black-crowned Night Herons. 
were nesting. 

It is one of the most interesting birds 
found in the marshes, and seems to be 
common all over the state. 

I have never heard one make any 
sound and men who have lived in the 
swamps all their lives say it makes no 
call whatever. 

Dr. A. C. MuRcHIsoN, 
Kewanee, Ills. 


Cruising and Science. 


BY ““STOMMY HAWK.” 


Only those who have a _ personal 
knowledge of the pleasures of cruising 
can fully comprehendits true enchant- 
ment. Cruising is a delight because it 
brings one into that glorious society 


250 THE OOLOGIST. 


called ‘‘solitude” and stages before the 
admiring eye the grandest of scenes en- 
acted in the great theatre of the natural 
world; it educates the desirable faculty 
of careful observation and supplies it 
-with an inexhaustible amount of mater- 
ial for consideration; it fosters a desire 
for knowledge, and engenders health. 

Referring to some note-books filled 
with experiences of days of yore, when 
the cares and responsibilities of life 
were but vagucly understood and the 
free-hearted school-boy planned and 
schemed for summer vacations long be- 
fore the term approached its close—re- 
ferring to-day to these momentoes of 
the past, I find therein accounts of 
many a cruise on river, lake and ocean 
which as I read bring me again to old 
familiar haunts, once more I hear 
the meriy bark of my good old 
setter as, with gun in hand, we leave 
the old homestead at sunrise to surprise 
the Quail in their haunts; once more I 
feel myself on the New York Harbor 
in the white-sailed cat-boat, as with til- 
ler in hand we cruise along its well- 
known shores. Again the tent isspread 
on the shores of many a lake, or with 
no better shelter than the bottom of my 
inverted canoe, the night passed with 
that sweet, refreshing slumber so kind- 
ly granted to healthful youth. But the 
eat-boat changed hands before I left 
college; the canoe, built in my own 
work-shop, by means of which some of 
the most delightful cruises on lakes and 
rivers were made and with which I 
have covered more miles and gained 
more enjoyments than I have yet been 
able to do with the beautiful ‘‘Rushton”’ 
now in my possession, was abandoned. 
The gun—companion of many a cruise 
—with which wing-shots were made 
that I can now hardly rival, certainly 
not excel, with my improved ‘‘Greener,”’ 
was in due time discarded for its more 
modern successor. My dog—faithful 
friend—who was frequently my sole 
living companion for many days and 


nights—barring, of course, the broad 
realm of vitalized nature by which we 
were environed—remained with me un- 
til his death which occurred some years 
since. Those days have indeed passed 
to return no more, but the incidents 
with which they were fraught are still 
fresh and bright on memory’s page. 
The love of cruising, ineculeated by 
hearty indulgence in the mind of the 
boy, still exists in the life of the man. 
Nature is still as dear as then and she 
now speaks in even plainer language— 
sweeter because better understood. 

But a truce to these reflections. The 
object of this communication is to give 
the readers of the OOLOGIST some practi- 
cal hints on cruising as applied to re- 
search in Oology and Ornithology, and 
to assist in bringing its peculiar pleas- 
ures and benefits within their posses-. 
sion. 

First of all, in order to ‘‘eruise” a 
boat is necessar.. If the journey is to 
be upon the ocean or its immediate trib- 
utaries, a well equipped sailing craft is 
quite essential; if upon a large lake, a 
commodious craft upon which a sail 
may be rigged, is often desirable; but 
for rivers and lakes of moderate size a 
portable canoe will be found advanta- 
geous. As space would fail us to con- 
sider in detail each variety of craft just 
mentioned we will devote ourselves to 
a consideration of the latter class—the 
canoe—and reserve the two former for 
separate description at a late date. 

The advantages of a light canoe for 
navigating small streams, for exploring 
the arms and tributaries of lakes and 
rivers, etc., while studying natural 
phenomena are plainly abvious. For 
these purposes an expensive, — heavy 
boat is by no means the most desirable; 
but. on the contrary, a light, portable 
craft such as may be constructed at 
home with slight expense is often as 
good as any. Such boats, however, are 
hardly suited to hunting excursions and 
for carrying heavy outfits. 


THE OOLOGIST. 251 


Some years ago the writer decided to 
eruise a considerable distaace down the 
Connecticut River to mike certain geo- 
logical observation and to observe nat- 
ural phenomena in general. ‘The sea- 
son seclected was rather late for obser- 
vations in Odlogy, but numerous 
species of birds were studied and elab- 
orate notes: taken. A few valuable 
specimens were also secured. For this 
eruise a boat capable of carrying one 
person and a small outfit. and also 
light enough to be itself carried on the 
sholders for short distances, was neces- 
sary. Such a craft was accordingly 
planned and soon constructed, and 
since it proved to be so well suited to 
the purpose and in every way desira- 
ble and reliable, [ shall briefly describe 
how it was built. It. very much resem- 
bled in appearance an ordinary can- 
vas canoe, only it was somewhat wider 
and was provided with rowlocks and 
light oars instead of the usual double- 
bladed paddle. It was desirable to 
have a boat that could be propelled by 
oars as well as paddle for this cruise, 
but if any of my readers desire to build a 
canoe for paddling alone, it might be 
well to make it somewhat shorter in 
the beam than the one about to be des- 
eribed; never-the-less, as a rule, the 
broader the boat the steadier she will 
be in the water. 

My boat was twelve feet long. The 
first thing made was the frame-work 
over which the canvas was stretched. 
A cedar board ten inches wide, an inch 
thick and eleven feet six inches in 
length, was taken as the bottom board 
or keelson, and was marked off by two 
transverse lines into three equal lengths. 
Each outer third of the board was then 
cut tapering toward its respective end 
until it measured but one and a half 
inch at the extremities, and the under 


edges were beveled off along its entire — 


length. Two cross-boards, or moulds, 
were next sawed from a one-inch pine 
plank. These were thirty-six inches 


wide and thirteen inches high, and 
were cut away in the center to avoid 
useless weight. They were rounded at 
their two lower corners and notehes 
one inch and a half deep were sawed in 
the two upper corners of each to re- 
ceive the gunwales. These moulds 
were then fastened cross wise to the 
keelson, on the transverse lines already 
marked off, with long stout screws 
passed from below upward—and when 
so placed devided the keelson in three 
equal parts.. Thestem and stern pieces 
were then added. For these I secured 
two strips of green elm eighteen inches 
long and an inch and a half square. 
One end of each was cut off obliquely 
so as to taper for a distance of about 
two and a half inches, and by this end— 
the oblique surface resting upon the 
keelson and the square end pointing 
straight out—one strip was firmly screw- 
ed to each extremity of the bottom 
board. Both were then bent over, with 
their concave surfaces toward the mid- 
ale of the board, until they formed 
curved end pieces or ‘‘cut-waters,” and 
were secured in this position by means 
of wires stretched from their free ex- 
tremities to nails driven into the bot- 
tom-board (keelson) near the moulds. 
Elm was used for this purpose because 
tongh and not likely to break in bend. 


‘ing and the green wood was taken be- 


cause on drying it would retain, to a 
considerable extent, the shape into 
which it had been bent. The gun- 
wales were next added. They consist- 
ed of light strips of ash a little more 
than twelve feet in length, an inch and 
a half wide and half an inch thick. 
They were fastened by means of long 
nails to the moulds and firmly secured 
to the end pieces with slim bolts—the 
end pieces being notched to make them 
flush. Everything was now ready for 
the ribs, but before these were put on 
two strips of wood similar to the gun- 
wales were stretched from stem to 
stern and made a pass along the lower 


w 
St 
iS 


curvatures of the mould, to which they 
were lightly tacked; they were also tied 
to the end pieces at about their middle. 
These were temporary guides to put- 
‘ting in the ribs and were removed as 
soon as these latter were put in. With- 
out these guides it would have been 
difficult to give uniform shape to the 
boat. Forribs1I used rattan switches 
about three-eighths of an inch thick. 
These were soaked in water to make 
them pliable and then fastened to the 
keelson with copper nails, an awl be- 
ing used to mark holes for them in the 
rattan. They were then bent over on 
each side until they touch the guiding 
strips, then fashioned up to the gun- 
wales, cut off even with the tops of 
these; notched to receive them and ul- 
timately fastend to them with copper 
tacks. Between the cross-boards the 
ribs were placed at intervals of about 
three inches while toward the ends of 
the frame they were put about six 
inches apart. 

The frame-work being now complete 
the canvas was next put on. This had 
been previously oiled and was now laid 
over the frame and fastened to the cen- 
ter of the keelson throughout its entire 
length with copper tacks. To accom- 
plish this the frame was, of course, turn- 
ed upside down. The canvas was lightly 
tacked to the gunwales, then cut to fit 
the end pieces and then tacked firmly 
to them by lapping the edges over each 
other and securing them by a double 
row of copper tacks. Lastly, th: can- 
vas was stretched tightly over the gun- 
wales and securely tacked to their inside 
surface. The outside of the canvas 
then received a coat of white paint and 
so soon as this was dry a small, straight- 
grained oak keel, one inch square and 
long enough to reach from stem-post to 
stern-post was screwed to the center of 
the keelson directly over the row of 
tacks driven into this bottom-board to 
hold the canvas. The keel was cut so 
as to taper to an edge at either end and 


THE OOLOGIST. 


thus made flush with the keelson in- 
stead of terminating abruptly. After 
the first coat.of paint was dry another 
containing an almost equal proportion 
of varnish was put on, and afterwards, 
a narrow stripe of light blue was pat 
along the gunwales. 

The boat thus constructed proved to 
be all I had desred. Upon trial I found 
her to be perfectly water-tight, light, 
steady, and easily handled with pad- 
dle or oars—I had build her wide and 
deep, however, with the intention of 
using the latter. 

It now remained to supply my eraft 
with seat, rowlocks and oars. The seat 
which was movable—consisted of a 
square frame about eight inches high, 
surmounted by a cushion and made to 
rest on the floor of the boat. The gun- 
wales alone were not firm enough to 
support rowlocks, and hence these 
were secured to a’ strip of iron which 
was first serewed to the keelson, then 
bent up each side, bolted to the gun- 
wales and made to project somewhat 
over them. The locks themselves, con- 
sisted of nothing more than short up- 
right pins of three-fourths inch iron. 
A large washer, well padded with lea- 
ther, was slipped over the rods or pins 
and made to encircle their bases. ‘These 
were for the oars torest upon when in 
the locks, so as to facilitate their easy 
motion. 

The oars were light and short, and 
provided with a longitudinal slit to re- 
ceive the rowlocks, A slit just wide 
enough to fit the locks easily, and just 
long enough to permit of sufficient ‘‘dip” 
was made, care being-taken not to cut 
away more wood than necessary and 
thus weaken the oars. 

My boat was then finished and in a . 
couple of days I started on the cruise. 
I might have put a deck of canvas fore 
and aft on the boat to prevent her ship- 
ping water in heavy seas, but found 
this unnecessary on account of her am- 
ple depth. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Space will not permit me to relate 
even one of the many pleasurable in- 
cidents of that fifty mile cruise down the 
Connecticut, nor to tell you of the 
pleasant hours subsequently spent on 
lakes and rivers with this eraft, in pur- 
suit of both knowledge and recreation. 
One word, however, about my outfit. 
IT usually went alone. I carried a gun, 
hunting knife, ammunition, a rubber 
blanket, a few canned goods and other 
light provisions, fishing-tackle, sketch- 
books, taxidermist’s instruments, pock- 
et drinking cup, matches, soap and 
towels. It is well when taking a long 
trip to carry as litt!e as possible trusting 
to the houses along your course for 
meals and lodging. Still, it’s sometimes 
necessary to economize and always well 
to be prepared for an emergency Again, 

‘boys who cannot swim must forego the 
’ pleasure of canoeing. 

In a subsequent article we will con- 
sider the construction of another craft 
also adapted to the needs of students of 
natural science. In conclusion, if any 
of the readers of the OoLoGIsT desire to 
construct a boat similar to the one here: 
in described, yet find this description 
insufficient or inadequate, the writer 
will give them such information as he 
is able if they will write a letter stating 
their wants and mail it to 

“Tommy Hawk,” 

Care of Dr. E., 118 South St., Hol- 

yoke, Mass. 


>t <B> 


The Rose-breasted Grosbeak at Home. 


The Rose-breasted Grosbeak is a not 
uncommon bird hereabouts during the 
summer; but, someway or other, like 
certain other of our common birds it is 
true of him that, though you see him 
often himself, the place of his habita- 
tion is not so frequently met with. 
Henee it is that I have chosen to speak 
of his majesty ‘‘at home.” 

- But perhaps you don’t know where 
he lives? Well, come with me and I 


253° 


will show you his private residence. 
Perhaps you better put on your rub- 
ber boots before starting, as you are 
likely to need them. 

Two miles south, turn to your right, 
then a mile-west. Here the road skirts 
a piece of woods. Over the fence and 
vou are in the ‘“‘Peat Swamp,” many 
acres in extent, and thickly wooded, 
Proceed straight south through the 
woods. The land keeps getting lower 
and the water more plentiful, and soon 
you come to an opening in the forest, 
where you find a vast Swampy meadow 
entirely surrounded by woods. The 
meadow itself is nothing more. than a 
swamp, there being water on every 
hand, and progress is only practicable 
along the higher elevations or by step- 
ping from one tussock of grass to an- 
other. 

All over this swampy meadow are 
bushes growing, which become thicker 
and more entangled as we approach the 
bordering woods 

Now look out. Here are numerous — 
warblers and a fine place it is to study 
them Yellow Warblers, Chestnut- 
Sided. and the Maryland Yellow-throat 
breed here, and Wilson’s Thrush in the 
woods near by; while in the bushes you 
will find an occasional Grosbeak’s nest. 

As you come upon this rural resi- 
dence of H. ludoviciana, you are quite 
as likely to find the man of the house in 
as the /ady, for he ‘“‘spends his evenings: 
at home,” in short, does his share of the 
housework. You are quite as likely to 
find the male Grosbeak on the nest as 
the female, and how different in ap- 
pearance, the two! The male in all the 
rich gorgeousness of his red, white and 
black, while the female is of a dull 
brown throughout. As you approach 
the nest, either bird will not leave until 
you almost touch the nest, when it slides 
out and away. If it be the male, he re- 
mains in the immediate vicinity, fliting 
from bush to bush and offering vc- 
casional remonstrance. If it be the fe- 


2504 


male she flits through the bushes and 
away. 

I have: not visited the Peat Swamp 
since June, 1890, but at that time sever- 
al pairs of these birds were breeding in 
close proximity to each other. All the 
nests I found were uniformly four feet 
from the ground in the forks of bushes 


and lightly composed of weed-stalks, - 


grasses and hemlock twigs, lined with 
finer hemlock twigs. However, it did 
not strike me that the nests were as 
lightly and loosly composed as the books 
would lead us to think the nests of this 
bird are. 

The eggs are invariably four, and the 
time to go for complete sets in this lo- 
cality, is June 5-8. (For a description 
of the eggs of the Rose-breasted Gros- 
beak, and how they vary among them- 
selves, see an article by me in August, 
1890 OdLoeIstT, on ‘‘ Variation in eggs of 
Habia ludoviciana.) 

So much for the Rose-breasted Gros- 
beak at home. He is modest, and gen- 
teel, and never has much tu say, except- 
ing before breakfast and after tea, when 
he may rise to some near-by tree and 
pour fourth one of the richest sylvan 
melodies with which God has blessed 
the world. Oh, the depth and richness 
of those evening notes. He is a -true 
poet, and what depth of soul must find 


expression in those touching chords — 


which arise from these lonely swampy 
wildernesses, as the evening sun sets 
reluctantly in the west leaving rosy, 
blushing clouds behind, and twilight 
comes slowly on. Oh, sweet memories 
of summer evenings, gorgeous sunsets, 
approaching night, and sweet notes 
arising on the evening air from lonely 
forest dells, lull me to sleep in deepest 
revery of God’s goodness unto man. 
NEIL F. Posson, 
Medina, N. Y. 


The Nighthawk’s Nest. 
I know of no bird, nesting in this 
vicinity, that has, within the last few 


THE OOLOGIST. 


years, so completely changed its nest- 
ing habits as the Nighthawk. It has 
almost entirely disappeared from its 
original home in the wilds of the coun- 
try, and rears its young on the great 
roofs in the heart of the city, and here 
they are more than abundant. 

The eggs are deposited upon the 
coarse gravel. without even the apology 
for a nest, whieh they once constructed, 
and, as they possess a remarkable re- 
semblence to the pebbles about it is a 
difficult task to discover them. 

The heat on these roofs—in the day 
time—is so excessive, that all search has 
to be conducted in the earley morning, 
and even then it is a hot job. 

It has long been a debatable question 
in my mind, whether this heat does not 
often destroy the eggs and young, as I 
have several times taken eggs, either 
addled or containing dead young, from 
nests that I was certain were occupied. 

FRED BAKER, 
Stratford, Ont. 


Leaving Nest Eggs. 


It has been my experience that quite 
a number of birds may be induced to lay 
more than their complement of eggs by 
leaving one or more eggs in the nest. 
A few years ago, there was a Red-shaft- 
ed Flicker made its nest in an old gate 
post near my home from which I re- 
moved ten eggs, from one to three ata 
time; the bird laying fifteen and eight 
being common number, the five left 
were hatched. From another nest of 
same last year I took twelve eggs, when. 
they quit laying. From a nest of 
American Goldfinch I took seven eggs. 
by leaving nest eggs. California Quail 
and Sooty Grouse will lay about doubie 
their number by leaving one or two in 
the nest. The eggs must be 1emoved : 
with a spoon or in some way that the 
nest will not be touched with the hand. 

ELuis F. HADLEY, 
Dayton, Ore. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


fF. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK Ee LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
. Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


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A Narrow Escape. 


One beautiful morningin early April 
1891, myself and a friend started on an 
odlogical excursion along the pictur- 
esque banks of the Tennesee river, for 
the purpose of obtaining specimen eggs 
of the “Turkey Buzzard,” which birds 
we had been previously informed, nest- 
ed in the various caves and fissures, 


255 


which abound in the verdure-clad, pre- 
ciptious bluffs, above London, Tenn. 

We started at 6 A mM. on April 18th. 
Procurizrg a_ skiff we quickly cut 
through the water to the opposite bank 
of the river, and having tied the boat, 
proceeded on foot across country about 
two miles, to the bluffs opposite Car- 
nuchael’s Island, ‘‘our Eldorado. 

Arriving we immediately proceeded 
to business, and were encouraged by 
seeing several Buzzards majestically 
sailing up and down in our immediate 
neighborhood. After half an hour’s 
diligent searching, just as I was swing- 
ing by a scant cedar round an agle tua 
projecting rock in front of me, I’ saw a 
great female come flapping out of a 
narrow fissure not ten feet away, and 
after a little difficult climbing, I reach- 
ed the site, discovering a fine set of two 
eggs on the bare ground about 12 feet 
from the entrance 

In less than an hour we had seecured 
another set equally fine in a small cave 
lower down, and had just finished blow- 
ing them, when a country lad appeared 
on the scene, telling us he knew of a 
“bluff” hawk’s nest, near his home, 
half a mile further on; and volunteer- 
ing to locate it for us. We packed up 
and proceeded being well satisfied with 
the Buzzards. On arriving, the nest 
was pointed out to us in an enormous 
pine of nearly five fee in diameter, and 
having no limbs for at least ninety feet, 
which caused us to set our wits work- 
ing; but seeing a beautiful female Red- 
tail leave the nest and join her mate far 
above, I cried ‘nil desperandum!” an 
idea had struck me. I saw that by fall- 
ing a fine red oak which stood about 20 
feet away, so that its top branches 
would catch in the lower ones of the 
pine, our object might be accomplished 
and the oracle read. 

Despatching the boy for an ax we 
promptly set to work and in less than 
ap hour the noble oak was bending to 
wards the pine. A few more blows with 


256 


the ax, and crack! more than balf the 
oak’s top has passed the pine, when it 
stops, it has barely caught by a few of 
the top-most branches.» From that mo- 
ment I regarded the contents of that 
nest asmine. Quickly taking off shoes 
and other “impedimenta” in spite of 
friends entreaties, [am bounding up 
that faithful oak like a squirrel; and 
peeping into that large shallow mass of 
sticks and weeds, I called to my friends 
—three beauties! 

There was also a freshly killed mole 
in the nest. I descended as quickly as 
my treasure would allow and _ noticed 
my friend drew a sigh of relief as I 
landed safely on ‘‘terra firma.” 

I had not finished blowing the eggs 
when a slight wind carried my oak tree 
to the ground with an alarming crash. 
I am less venturesome now. 

WILLIAM WAKE. 


The Sap-Sucker. 


By Dr. Morris GIBBS. 


There are many species of birds in 
America which have been dishonored 
with the name of Sap-sucker, and the 
name has beeu indiscriminately applied 
to all of our smaller woodpeckers. In 
Michigan there are nine species of 
woodpeckers. Of these, one, the Ameri- 
can three-toed Woodpecker, is alone 
rare, and only found in our northern 
confines. The Artic three-toed bird, is 
abundant in sections north of the forty- 
fourth parallel. These two little known 
representatives of our northern forests, 
never migrate to the south, while the 
other seven are more or less variable in 
this respect. The Downy and Hairy 
Woodpeckers are hardy examples of 
this interesting family, and are often to 
be found in our yards and groves dur- 
ing the winter months. We may fre- 
quently find the Red-bellied woodpeck- 
er in deep beech forests in January and 
February, while the Black or Pileated 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Wood-pecker is not rare in the wilder 
sections. The Red-head, and Golden- 
wing, or as it is commonly known, the 
Flicker, are oceasionally found in mild 
winters. However, all of them, except- 
ing the first two, are more or less given 
to migrating in cold seasons. 

The Yellow-belly, or true sap-sucker 
of the uorth, sphyrapicus varius is the 
only one. to migrate regularly. It ap- 
pears from the south in late March 
usually, and isa great loiterer on the 
way, often remaining in our southern 
eounties till May is half over. 

It is an excellent judge of the quality 
of the sap of the sugar maple—and no 
farmer in the country knows better 
when to tap tne trees than does this- 
strange lover ofsweets. Soon after the 
snow disappears, as arule, though often 
during a warm spell, and when the 
snow is still upon the ground, a pecul- 
iarly variegated bird may be seen upon 
our maples in the city, village or in the 
suburbs. It is dark on its upper parts, 
with lighter markings, giving it astrip- - 
ed appearance, while its head is orna- 
mented with a red patch of a size to in- 
cate age and sex, although immatures 
are sometimes without the red mark- 
ings. Ifthe under parts are seen, the 
yellow. from which it get its name, will 
be observed, and with very mature 
specimens, a large blotch of red is to be 
found on the upper part of the throat. 

This bird upon its apearance, imme- 
diately proceeds to bore little holes. 
through the bark of the maples. The 
holes are from one-sixteenth to three- 
eighths of an inch in diameter, averag- 
ing about three-sixteenth in size. 
These punctures are rarely more than 
one-quarter of an:inch in depth, are 
generally illiptical, and this shape is 
much more noticable in the borings on 
the coniferous trees. 

Many claim that these holes are dug 
to allow the bird to secure the insects. 
But this is a ridiculous notion, as it is 
well known that insects do not inhabit 
live bark or wood. Furthermore I have 


THE OOLOGIST. R57 


examined hundredsj,of [these perfora- 
tions, and the neighboring areas for in- 
sects, and have never discovered a sin- 
gle one. 

The Yellow-bellied Sap-sucker is very 
readily approached at this time, and 
one can easily get within a few yards 
without alarming the workman. If we 
get too near, while the borer is engaged 
low down on the trunk, he will scuttle 
to the opposite side of the tree,-by a 
series of side jumps, still keeping the 
same upright position as regards the 
body. -Ifforced to leave the tree, an- 
other is immedialely visited and work 
renewed on a second series of holes. 

- There perforation are made at a 
height varing from three to sixty feet to 
amy knowledge. I have frequently ob- 
serve birds boring ata height of forty 
to tifty feet. This season I carefully 
noted the ways of a bird which had 
made a row of seventeen holes on the 
south side of a sugar maple a foot or so 
in diameter, and which stood within a 
yard of the sidewalk in the city. The 
holes were bored at a height of four 
feet, and the bird, in selecting the south 
side of the tree, was constantly exposed 
to observation. When a person was 
passing, the bird would side-hitch’ to 
the north side and return again after 
the disturber was gone. 

These wounds on the sugar maple, of 
course produced a flow of sap, and the 
birds regaled themselves on the sweets. 
There are several other trees which pro- 
duce sweet sap, and among these is the 

evergreen, which yields a small amount 
-of very sticky, gummy balsamic liquid. 
The sap-suckers are yery fond of this 
sap, and will spend more time around 
a big tree of this species than about the 
maples. The largest number of holes 
which I have counted in a small space, 
Was on a large evergreen where there 
were over one hundred in an aera of 
three by eight inches. These holes are 
generally arranged in rows, and are 
often quite symmetrical. In one case 


that I examimed there were forty-seven 
punctures in a space of two by three 
inches. The tree had been attacked 
year after year and the bark gave am- 
ple evidence of the severe devastation 
in many parts. 

In attacking the sugar maple, the 
birds rarely make two rows near to 
each other on the trunk, but this is fre- 
quently done on the smaller as well as 
the larger limbs. The trunk is some- 
times almost completely girdled with 
small holes from a quarter to a half 
inch apart, 

If a bird. or pair them, for they are 
generally to be seen in pairs soon after 
arriving. are watched it will be seen 
that they will return to a tree again and 
again to suck the sap which accumu- 
lates in the verforations. It takes but 
a second or’so for the bird to introduce 
the point of its bill and suck all avail 
able sap—and then to the next hole. 
After al) the perforations have been 
probed two or three times, the birds 
fly to the next tree. Asarule a pair of 
birds have from four to six trees which 
they visit in regular order the livelong 
day, but sometimes a single tree with 
holes at various heights, forms a steady 
feeding ground. 

At times the Yellow-belly is seen cir- 
cling about after the manner of the 
other woodpeckers and evidently in 
pursuit of insects, but in these search- 
ings he is never known to make the 
chips fly as do nearly all of his relatives. 
In fact some writers claim that it is not 
in his nature, owing to a lack in the 
make-up of his tongue, to feed on in- 
sects as do the other members of the 
family. 

The Sap sucker digs a hole for its five 
to seven crystal white eggs after the 
manner of its kind. The birds are rare- 
ly found nesting south of the forty- 


fourth parallel. 

It would be an exceedingly interest- 
ing experiment to secure an adult bird 
and test its ability to live entirely on 
sweet sap. 


258 


The White-tailed Kite and Prairie Falcon in 
California. 


WHITE-TAILED KITE, 

There is perhaps, no more inspiring 
asight to the true ornithologist who 
finds himself in the field on a_ bright 
spring day, than the dashing flight of 
some Hawk or Falcon in pursuit of its 
prey, cr the wonderful evolutions. it 
performs in mid-air. There isa degree 
of mystery attending the delicate pois- 
ing of the Hummingbird above the 
fiower; there is something beautiful 
about the Quail as it leaves its retreat 
in the chapparal and is off with a whirr 
to a place qf safety, and we all love and 
admire the beautiful songs of our small 
birds, but where is there an equal to our 
sublime family of Raptores? 

The White-tailed Kite is associated 
with my earliest experience in Ornith- 
ologyy. Some seven years ago I fell 
prey to the mania of collecting birds 
eggs, which was prevalent to a great 
degree in my locality. At that time I 
was spending a few months on my 
uncle’s ranch in Santa Clara county 
with an Eastern cousin. It was in 
June when the unsurpassable climate 
and soil of California had caused a lux- 
uriant growth of ‘‘suckers” to form on 
the grapevines, and thenceforth life had 
no charms for me, as it was agreed by 
all that I had talent in the line of pull- 
ing the ‘‘suckers’’ off the vines and ac- 
cordingly the work fell to my lot. 

Next day I was installed in my posi- 
tion, and as I worked back and forth 
on the rows I had abundant time for 
meditation. I speedly began to think 
about my vacation, and came to the 
conclusion that a half days’ fishing 
would be a grand thing. That evening 
I laid the plan before my cousin who 
consented and the following afternoon 
was named as thetime. Without going 
into details we did three days work in 
one foreneon and were given the after- 
noon as a token of appreciation. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


It was with light hearts that we 
Swung our poles over our backs and 
started up the dusty road for a certain 
spot in the foot-hills. I was as enthus- 
iastic an odlogist as ever and though it 
was somewhat late I kept an eve out 
for nests. Finally we crossed a field of 
grain which was thickly studded with 
smal) black oaks and while carelessly 
passing under a tree I noticed a Cali- 
fornia Towhee’s nest. I. immediately 
climbed the tree but the nest proved to 
be an old one. Before descending, I 
paused and gazed into the top of the 
oak and the sight I saw was one I had 
met only in my most sanguine dreams. 
There, not ten feet above me was a 
large nest of sticks, and I lost no time 
in making the ascent. As I gazed over 
the edge of the nest two half-grown 
birds brustled their feathers and crowd- 
ed to the farther side, while snapping 
their beaks. In the center was one rot- 
tenegg. Iimmediately announced to 
my cousin, “two young chicken-hawks 
and a rotten egg.” I argued that any 
bird of prey that built a large nest of 
sticks in a tree was a ‘‘chicken-hawk,” 
and was consequently seldom in doubt 
as to identity. We 

The nest in question was about a foot 
and half in diameter and was made en- 
tirely of sticks and twigs from some 
dead oak tree. The depression was 
very shallow. It was placed in the ex- 
treme top of the black oak tree, and 
rested on the top of a bunch of limbs, 
rather than in the fork of a single 
branch. The nest was over twenty 
feet from the ground and the tree was 
easily climbed. The half-grown birds 
showed fight and it was only by the 
use of my fishing pele that I succeeded 
in getting them to terra jirma. During 
the whole proceeding the parent birds. 
did not show themselves and as stated I 
concluded they were ‘‘chicken hawks” 
so we took them to a friends-house two 
miles distant and killed them, but Ef 
very much regretted doing so after 1 
had correctly identified the birds. 


THE OOLOGIST. 259 


My friend toll me the old birds 
haunted his place for several days after, 
uttering mournful notes. As I remem- 
ber them, the youn» birds were light 
plumaged, with a few dark feather on 
the back. 


I took the egg home and though it 


was rotten, blew it endways and after 
wards exchanged it to a neighboring 
eollector for a Catbird’s egg. This 
Kite’s egg was anie heavily marked 
and was between a Kestril’s and a Red- 
shouldered Hawk’s egg in size. 

Almost every season since I found my 
first White-tailed Kite’s nest. I have 
visited the locality and have always 
been able to find one or more birds 
hovering over the tree tops. During 
the heat of the day they are content to 
rest in the shady oaks, only now and 
then venturing forth in quest of food, 
but as dusk approaches and a cool and 
refreshing breeze is fanning the heated 
ficlds.sthe Kites can be seen performing 
their beautiful evolution, now skim 
ming almost out of sight in the distance 
and then returning to some _ favorite 
perch. Their flight at dusk has given 
them the name of ‘‘Nighthawks” by 
‘local eallectors. The Kite feeds upon 
lizards, and small mammals and rep- 
tiles, thus rendering an important ser- 
vice to the farmer. 

On April 29th of this year I paid this 
locality a visit to look for the nests of 
the California Jay and Thrasher, but 
after a long and fruitless tramp I turned 


my steps toward home, and while cross- - 


ing a field, similar to the one described, 
I noticed a Kite soaring about and soon 
its mate came in view. This filed me 
with new ambitions, as it was just the 
time for them to nest. I watehed them 
closely and both alighted in a white 
oak tree, but as the tree had but few 
leaves, I saw there was no nest. . Then 
_ one sailed away again and hovered for 
some time over a large live oak,‘ and I 
made for the tree. It was some fifty 
feet in height and in the crotch of the 


loftiest limb I could see a dark object 
which I took to be a nest. Full of hope 
I was making desperate efforts to reach 
the first limb when :I heard footsteps 
and a moment later a voice, which I 
knew came from one not long from the 
old county. Islid down and stood face 
to face with the owner of the field, who 
seeing me tramping through his grain, 
had come to have an explanation. ‘‘Haf 
you lost anything”? he excitedly asked, 
while I gazed longingly at the black 
spot in the top of the tree. Ireplied L 
didn’t miss anything, whereupon he in- 
formed me I was a trespasser and tri d 
to impress upon me the gravity of the 
situation. I responded by offering him 
a quarter to let me climb, but he could 
not be bribed and I was obliged to take 
a short cut out of his field. 

On May 3rd, [again visited the spot 
and by erawling a distauce through the 
grain reached the tree and made the 
ascent. ‘Sure enough it’ was a White- 
tailed Kite’s nest but a last year’s one. 
Tt measured twenty inches across and 
was very shallow. It was made of 
sticks of all sizes up to a lead pencil 
and was loosely constructed. It had 
evidently been lined with grass, which 
had now partially rotted. In the:same 
vicinity I observed three puirs of Kites, 
but the manner in which they acted, in- 
dicated they had not yet built. I found 
the tree in which they had roosted 
nightly. The body of the tree and all 
the limbs were completely covered with 
excrement. I regret | could not have 
made a trip to this place a week or two 
later as probably two sets at least were 
deposited ia that neighborhood. 

This Kite is not an uncommon breed- 

er in this Valley though they seem to. 
favor certain localities, and seldom go: 
any distance from their breeding 
grounds. Twoor three years ago a 
friend collector took a set of four hand- 
some eggs froma nest in the top of a 
white oak in the center of a field. 

The White-tailed Kite has pure white 


260 


head, breast and tail. The back is gray 
and the,shoulders black. It’s flight is 
graceful and easy, but as Davie states, 
not rapid. I watched one this year 
which was apparently bound for some 
distant point, and its flight appeared 
labored. When soaring about the 
fields the Kite utters a short sharp 
whistle at frequent intervals and this 
will often attract one’s attention, 
though the bird may be obscured by the 
foliage of the trees. 


PRAIRIE FALCON, 


This beautiful Faleon also inhabits 
‘California, breeding in wild and moun- 
tainous localities. It is perhaps the 
most daring of any of its family, and 
does not hesitate to attack animals 
of greater weight than itself. It preys 
largely upon quail and other birds that 
occur in its locality, and seldom if ever, 
feeds on a dead body, but prefers to 
pursue, overpower and kill its prey. 
The Prairie Falcon is handsomely 
plumaged at certain seasons of the 
- year. The back is brownish-black and 
the head perceptibly darker, while the 
breast varies from a buff or creamy- 
white to pure white. The female is 
larger than the male, measuring some 
20 inches in length. This Falcon is ex- 
tremely shy and to approach within 
gunshot of one is a difficulty feat. 

This bird usually inhabits the wild 
mountainous regions of this state and 
are not by any means common breed- 
ers. Mr. Samuel C. Evans in a conver- 
sation with a friend, recently, spoke of 
collecting sets of the Prairie Falcon at 
a point in the mountains not ten miles 
from San Jose, but though a number of 
collectors as well as myself have visited 
the locality in quest of Golden Eagles’ 
eggs we have never me’ the bird. Mr. 
Evans did active work in collecting 


egos of the Raptores several years ago | 


in Santa Clara county, but Lam of the 
opinion that this Faleon, as well as 
other rare species have forsaken the 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ocalities mentioned owing to the ap- 
proach of civilization. 

The eggs of the Prairie Falcon ex- 
hibit the beautiful markings character = 
istic of the family of Falcons. I have 
before me a set of three eggs from the 
collection of Mr. A. Halsey of this city. 
They were collected for him by a friend 
in the mountains near Colton, San Ber- 
nardino Co., Cal. The nest*° was con- 
structed of sticks and placed on the 
summit of an almost inaccessible cliff, 
and was reached only after a perilous 
climb. The eggs exhibit the following 
dimensions: 2.06x1.56, 2.13x1.50 and 
2.12x1.50. The ground color is a 
creamy-white, and two of the eggs are 
heavily blotched and clouded with 
burnt umber and various shades of 
brown so as to almost obseure the back- 
ground, while the third egg is lightly 
marked with small dots and specks of 
brown. They form a handsome set. 

The party by whom the set was: col- 


lected, visited the nest the following 


season and was rewarded with a set of 
two eggs of the American Raven, which 
resembles closely eggs of the American 
Crow in color, but are of course much 
larger. C. BARLOw, 
San Jose, Calif. 


><> >_< 


Nesting of the Brown Creeper. 

May 30, 1891, I visited some islands 
in the Mississippiriver a couple of miles ~ 
below Davenport. Iowa. On one of 
these were a number of dead willow 
stubs. While sitting inthe boat wait- 
ing for a friend, [ saw a pair of Brown 
Creepers alight on a large stub about 
20 feet above the ground and disappear 
under a large strip of loose bark. On 
climbing the tree I found between the 
bark and the tree trunk a nest compos- 
ed of wool and other soft substances 
and containing 8 young birds a day or 
so old. ‘This is the first instance ever 
reported, asfarasfam able to ascer- 
tain, of these birds nesting in Jowa or 
Illinois. Burris H. WILSON, 

2023 Rock Island St., Davenport Ia. 


THE OOLOGIST. 261 


July Contest. 


Prize winners and credits received 
by each were as follows: ; 

1. A Study in Orange and Black, 258 

2. Birds as Pets. 200. 

3. The Chimney Swift, 150. 
4. Life of Alex. Wilson, 85. 

5. American Magpie, 82. 

The article Among the Least Bitterns 
was awarded one year’s stibscription. 

The following were the winners of 
the Judges’ prizes and the order in 


which they named the winning articles’ 


in their decision. No one named them 
in their correct order. There were 57 


Judges. ¢ 

1. No. 3. N.G. Vac_DeWater, Gret- 
Map NeeYees ol eo. 0, 4: 

2. No.1. Ed. Doolittle, Painesville, 


Oat sec4,. 0; 

Seo ue bt kh, Kirke?’ Jr. Rising 
Sun, Mids 1 3.2, 6, 4: 

4. No. 20. Millard Van: Wagener, 
eGrema iN. V1 3,2,.5. 4. 

5. No. 18. J. R. Nowell, Predmont, 
Sater lane, 4525. 

The following parties were awarded 
a World’s Fair almanae, on account of 

naming the prize articles: 
’ ©. B. Johnoon, Minn. 

Cyrus Crosby, N. Y. 

Deah Sweet, Me. 

I. H. Stratton, Ill. 

Edmund Heller, Calif. 

W. Crane, Ia. 4 

Ray Daniels, Calif. 
. Hubert Fuller, Conn. 

J. S. Griffing, N. Y. 


The Fair. 


In a trip to the Fair, one should en- 
deavor to get a general insight of the 
exhibit as a whole, but also devote most 
of the time toanys ecial, preferred de- 
partment. The fisherman spends most 
of his iime at the fisheries building 
where are found all kinds of appliances 
for the eapture of the finey prey, from 
a minute fish hook, to a seine fifteen 
hundred feet long: | 


‘mainly presented in 


There are also to be seen hundreds of 
species of fishes, either stuffed, in 
spirits or represented by life-like casts 
in plaster-of-paris or gelatine. A vast 
aggregation of live fishes are also ex- 
hibited, both salt and fresh-water spe- 
cies in the large glass aquaria. With 
the fishes are also shown groups of 
stuffed fish-eating birds, which are 
mainly composed of cormorants, ducks 
and herons. Many kinds are to be met 
with, from the smallest terns to the 
mighty albatross. 

At the government building is to be 
found a fine exhibit of specimens from 
the Smithsonian Institute. This eollec- 
tion, though only a fraction of the Na- 
tional exhibit at Washington, is alto- 
gether the largest and finest, as well as 
best labeled display of birds, mammals, 
etc., to be seen at the Columbian Ex- 
position. Not only are nearly all of the 
birds of North America to be seen, 
systomatic rela- 
tions, class, order and family, but many 
foreign species are shown. The Emu 
and Apteryx from southern parts, as 
well as rare oriental and boreal birds | 
are mounted and displayed with the 
same fidelity that is observed with the 
home birds. It would be next to im- 
possible to give even a hasty sketch of 
the cases of treasures shown, and the 
advice is offered here, to those whe are 
so fortunate as to visit the Fair, that 
attention should be given to this ex- 
hibit, for it may be honestly said that 
the show is a very fair representation 
of the Smitheonian Institution. 

Birds are not to be found everywhere, 
and there are very few buildings which 
are not ornamented with the work of 
taxidermists. Nearly all of the State 
building are more or less supplied with 
specimens and several show nicely ap- - 
pointed collections. There is, however, 
a noticable feature of incongruity In a 
few of these exhibits, where, in a desire 
to make a good showing, the state 
authorities, have allowed specimens to 


262 


be shown which are not taken within 
the state boundries. These instances 


are certainly unpleasant to the feel- 


ings of all naturalists who understand 
the distribution of our birds and mam- 
mals, and certainly do not reflect credit 
on the persons in charge. 

Many of the foreign exhibits are of 
interest, but it is readily seen, that with 
few exceptious, the work of foreign 
taxidermists does not equal that of our 
home workmen. 

There is danger that visitors will miss 

‘some important exhibit. In fact one 
might prolong his stay for months and 
then after leaving discover that some 
interesting exhioit had been overlook- 
ed. This condition is unavoidable, and 
to prevent any readers from omitting 
one building, which to me, is all im- 
portant, attention is called to an often 
neglected quarter of tne grounds. In 
the south-eastern part of the grounds 
and ina section of the park too fre- 
quently neglected, is the Authropologi- 
cal building. Itis next to the Forest- 
ing department, and if one will turn to 
his map of the Fair, he will see that this 
building is by no means a small one. 
A visit will convince an observer that it 
is one of the most interesting spots on 
the ground. 

Ward’s exhibit of fossils, mammals, 
birds and reptiles from Rochester is 
found here. In it may be seen the cele- 
brated Hairy Elephant in the restored 
form, with tusks ten to fifteen feet long. 
A Mastodan’s skeleton is articulated 
and rises massively above all creatures 
of the present day. 

_ Next to this display is Larrin & Co’s. 
exhibit of eggs, birds, shells, ete. One 
is liable to meet some of the collectors 


there, while the pleasure of looking 
over the well-arranged, properly label- 
ed series of eggs is sure to pay a visitor 
for the time spent. Visitors to Chicago 
are also invited to call at the store, No. 
3571 Cottage Grove Ave. 

I have already occupied my allow- 
ance of space and must subside for the 
present. SPECIAL. 


THE OOLOGIST. ' i 


Notice. 


All persons wishing to exhibit speci- 
mens or mounted work relating to Nat- 
ural History, at the next annual meet- 
ing of the Western New York Natural- 
ists Association should communicate 
with some one of the exhibition com- 
mittee as given below and oblige. 

Aug. 21, 1893. 

‘Ernest H. Sort, Chili, N. ¥._ 
EK. J. Botsrorp, Medina, N. Y. 
L. V. Casz, Naples, N. Y. 


“BIRDS of MICHIGAN” 


A list of three hundred and _ thir- 
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. 


JUST ISSUED! 


Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. 


It is in facta work on the Birds of the Great 
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol- 
ogist in Ameria. 


Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. 
_Address 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. ¥, 
ONLY DIRECTORY on zor: 


Guaranteeing dO ood. kor 
only 10 cents (regular price 
Scents.) your name, if re- 
ceived within next 30 
days, WUl be BOLDLY 
=] printed on gummed 
! paper, and from Pub- 
lishers, Manufactur- 
]ers and others, you 
till will receive hundreds 
|| probably thousands, 
Aof valuable Books, 
> suimples, Papers, Maga- 
ies, etc. AH free and 
each pareel with one of 
FERN your boldly printed ad- 
diesses pasted thereon. EBRXWRAY! We will also 
print and prepay posiage on 4600 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your €nvelopes, books, ete., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6. - 
1891. DraAR Srrs—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory [ 
have received over $8,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manutfac- 
1 -cors, ete. are arriving dailv.on valuable parcels of 
Cail, from all parts of the World. J.A. WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY CQ... 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


BIRDS EGGS: 
CBee we 


a fi HI 


a 


2+ STAMP FOR \ 
[llustrated Cafalog. . \ 


= * 


THE OOLOGIST. 26: 


- That we have in our Exhibit 
y ee 
OO SS At World’s Columbian Exposition. 
The following is a partial list of books that we have in our exhibit 
at Chicago. These are all for sale and parties desiring same will 


please send us their orders as per address below. All are sent pre- 
paid. 


—~ 


ORNITHOLOGY AND OOLOGY. 


WomesmWwewiioe North American BIMGdsiae se. aceite eas soy sre ain o ofe Gs caren e BEN ie eats $7 50 
ATAU COC AME MR SMB Lea HAUT EA Neagee SVE tee ate) ecraiit om As prin asrsh sate a avant ay vee oy eeciave ote ca argetend ae eaeays 7 50 
Ferns LETTEGISU IT” LEGATO iii ie ce ee rl a ee Aon tue Uh ea eRe 8, as ei Bet CRESRNE Tee 6 00 
ereaeveseN aural ristory. we VOlwCAChorcan.c ra. ket yl eneate ss amecrss 6 00 - 
Peseustonies of birds, Gentry. 2 vOly *eachis. i105. 401 ces sage wee ielate, gia oheie\ es 2 00 
Wiremiccdcwinrtuaein Laumtsy Wameille ge so 6i yc). diet ee wuls Weraeee ie cise inte + Sosa 2 50 
Liawm@l gaia] Crean Bb oed so oy aNd escdlY biticVo\ipree nies iniomee RIRIPa Gala Sia Myce sn MiSicioic ss 3 00 
NiiitalpsrOrnitholonys 02) vole Chamiberlainy ach. kerr. cts sacra cies ces © 4 00 
Dmiewesumo- in Northern: Canada Raines vo. tas' 0.22) os ee tee ved teases e200) 
MeceIMOwe oes OR ING Ay BIndS. Davie sic oot Moline ce cnteea te ae ceil le syste sre 1 75 
Ear mU pe N eA iNC Sys VAI: Cia care ciples: o, 1-2) skye isan ies ays ieee se UV a ese 1 25 
IN MENNC AUN CAO leR © Ol ONG rare. cere ces esis etic. nee sacl aloe Rete PAN sucess aI ciel narskctarsie anya 4 00 
TDM ice CLAN RTE ME ea A Re rc SAS es Ee ey bie Fess: PR ECAR 50 
Harn: wlay? SIREN NO inca os Punic SABC a Rob ecg Wrote tt nBatreo qe tas “co 4 & 2 50 
s Two Years in a June siti SU RE Ue se Peeper Sta asya os vei usiac Av atrcreuaiege 3 00 
Auk, bound in full leather. Vol. SHU Mer OLN aR arr tan oiiain gic Rain arene te Seeman ere Sc 4 00 
Ornithologist and Odlogi ist, full Tekthen: Vol. 14 and 15 together....... etry O10) 
“s Tee Oren eget Sanne IS aA th 3 00 
Odlogist THODIP 1 SST) rea eSNG cece ile st a ees Pate ea es cal AEN UN a a i 
from beginning 1884 to 1892 inclusive, full leather................. 4 50 
NATURAL HISTORY IN GENERAL 
JN HOE TET Gea. LISA S RSs UG OX OX EN iN i ee eae ae Ree Sate 
Maypycalls; @ik ZkautTnne (a Dpii(etes B IOICG Vey Bees lerm onan Aimy eerste ea lA aly ia ater Oe EICouanem oats 1% 
PERRO MU vam VAN EL Th Usceetc sun ramet ets asedanah aes c. 2 ca/sahs bare ary ees euenen Os > es mntet eee 53 50 
VERANO US ere ONG Sarena crmere perineal nb) ReMae ath alra MaUbe se ooh operas 2 00 - 
HTM MAU GSEN LC Lis OLIN. i GrTeD Vic” eerie co. dhs, Gra a etapa. Oakes palates i pleroradateraia stans tess 1 75 
LELONNE TO: SON AN UNGN TEIN HOMES yd BED) RNAi reemniasiin ole oleae Sino ebies e ie alee 1 50 
PAM HUN UE Er OM are OMNES! ways meni ecee > os 2 crs Oe ONS a alee, haan gaine a cath lao aati 2 00 
A Manual of Mollusca, Woodward..... SERIES kot. by ects eRe aes Se AN eines fe al 3 00° 
Manual of the Vertebrates, Jordan.........:.. ES iG SIS Se RCE Sat ARERR NAS. 12 50 
MUGUCuUCdeaiCyovehematic:-Conchology.,’ (ryOnees sis as 20. goes es clee eos 6 00 
Pe EMO rvmbeutoa Vk Ol Me tmrpicyst.arsch oases. bool Gime eis ceri ags cera One wns eie antes 1 50 
PVR imalriAWVer Ces CASiSievnans can aes inns en eee eecriar  IE B e 1 50 
ives Universe w oo) Oo eee Dba ch Moby cece ee IR RT POR Rea teste Caclc cea eacanIn ata cuate 3 00 
Micmmmstemuecroimune, master Ly oSiat.naecn ode Gee Oe) eens canna lle ta ee. 3 00 
ee AMIN LANeTOn ties S Cas NOTCs te... & sae eee os Sey ete ee wali gua ele 1 25 
AMLOMIBATOUMC Vy (Gandem...c4 6256. auc ds eoee ee Rveda IRAE ar Binks Ghee Ss 1 50 
North American Geology and Pelsoutology..... 2.045.002... 20 y.1- cesses 5 00 
Behren’s Guide to the Microscope in Botany DE eerd ee SONA Ene Nis BE TEN Mee Aa Hee 5 00 


We also have some cheaper and popular works and a number of. 
rare and valuable books, long since out of print and of which copies - 
cannot with certainty be secured. 

Send orders to 


Eo Ti LATIN & COn 
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, III. 


264 i ie 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Presented during 1898 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 
' THE. OOLOGIST. 


Each month during 1898 we shall 
give five prizes. These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s O6LoGIST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winne1’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

Coues’ ‘‘Key to North: American 


TBSU COIS RAA ab ae asia ican cere al nN, $7 50 
Ridgway’s ‘Manual of “North 
' American Birds”....... eso oO) 
Chamberlain’s: “Nuttal’ s ‘Ornithol- 
OSV VOSA eee iane Wee 8 00 
Goss’s “Birds of Kansas”. ; 7 50 
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)Amer- 
‘ican Ornithology” .....:. aio eee ce) 


Maynard’s*‘Birds of Kastern North 
PAUMenicay, (text complete). 15 00 
Washington ‘Irvi ing’s Wor ksj 10% 


FAMOUS green Mek Oe tre et ak naa 3s 7 50 
Wm. M: Thackeray's Works, ve 
Mil Sine pesca iee seuanen casera 10 00 


Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15° vols... 11 25 
Jenk’s’ “CompréhensiveCommen- he 
tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 
large 900 paged Volumes.. 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s ‘Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonographic Books 


 -eualtel Jeb olmeznlouiss oo 5 8545555 ‘10 00 
An 8:qt. Jack ‘Frost Ice Cream 
RIT OCHO Tt Mle ee iNRee eet '6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 
Ua Oe Gat eNSemeraen nye ener ah eats 31. 50 
A Due- Bill ‘good for$33.00towards. ° 
a new$45. SOAIMeoAnUHIOn 
(same as New Home) Sew- 
‘ine Machine..... Pee UD, “380 00 
A Due- Bill good for$12.00towards 
Bh new $20 double case Odell 
Diya OLENA Sea aan emi 22 200 
2nd ‘Prize each month will be a part 
of | ‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern’ North 
America, ” each containing ' an average 
of 8 plates - and 340 pages strongly 
bound in strong manilla and cloth and 
. worth at publisher "Ss original price not 
far from $7.50. 
3d Prize—Langille’ Ss 
Their Haunts”, $3. 00... 
Vo saboley Jee ize—Brewer’ s “North American 


“Our Birds in 


Oélogy” unbound, no. plates, original | 


price about $3.00. 


5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- - 


ean birds” originally sold at $2.00. 


‘prizes and in this month’s 


‘give a part of Maynard’s 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Each article recéiving at least as 
many credits as there are number of. 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded the 
OoLoeistT for 1893 bound ir cloth and 
gilt. 

Each article receiving at least one- 


- half as many eredits as ‘the number of 


Judges and not winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subscrip- 
tion to the O6LOGIST.. ; 

All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or 
express prepaid, eacept the first, which 
is Shipped at winne?’s expense. 


~—@®> ss 


‘You are a Judge. 

You have been selected to act as one 
of the Judges in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the first of next month. 
Write on back of a postal ecard the five 
articles which you have decided to be- 
the ‘most valwable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and 
mail to us. Number the articles in the 


order. which you think the prizes - 
should be awarded. 
We give our Judges five special 


prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are 1iearest the final award of 
competition 
whose list of five articles is 
we will 
“Birds of 
Eastern North America’’, each fo these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
and 264 pages, strongly ‘bound in he: uvy 
manilla covers and at publisher’s' origi- 
inal price are worth af least $5.00. i 
2d A handsomely bound book ‘Small 
Talk about Business.” 
3d A Combination | icroscope. 
4th An Agate Watch Charm. 
5th A ‘Poeket Knife. 
To each Judge naming the five prize- 


the Judge 
the nearest the awarded list, 


winning articl S in theirexact orderand 


not winning, one of the five special 
prizes we will give ao py ofthe ‘“‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue ‘of North America Birds 
Eggs.” 

‘IN each Judge naming the prize- 
winning articles: but not in their exact 
order and not winniug one of the five 
special prizes we will give a copy of 
that elegant new Columbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 26 cts.). 

All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail 
prepaid. 

Address your decision to- 

F. H. Larrin & Co., 
Albion, N. ae, 


YA RIRIRIRIRIRY 


Q 
— oS 


A 


VOR xX: 


Monthly. i 50c. per Year. Yas 


ALBION, N. Y., OCT., 1893. 


ansnangeseg “ \ soeanasanona ts”: 


» PdkOGIsM, < 


\ 


NO. 10 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50c per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50ce. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
“DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and “‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


I HAVEfor exchange common eastern eggs 
and also a few desirable Indian relics for west- 
ern eggs, revolver or gun, WALTER SWAIN, 
Bloomingdale, Ind. 


WANTED.—War relics, such as old pistols 
and swords, also want dirks, knives, spears or 
anything that ‘will do in a collection of this 
kind. Have to exchange a 38 cal. collecting 
gun, collection of coins, 100 copies of 1892 Amer- 
ican Field, Bird skins, Books on Medicine, also 
a few other books, 2. nickel plated reels. W. 
R. BIRD, Mason City, Iowa. 


FOR SALE.—Fine Bb cornet, silver plated, 
engraved, bell gold lined, cost $52, Cash $16. 
Willalso exchange for eggs in sets. PERRY 
D. GETTY, 301 N. Main St., Bloomington, Ill. 


TO EXCHANGE.—For eggsin sets or stamps 
notin my collection. Mounted tarantulas .50 
to .75; Trapdoor spiders .25, nests .25 to .50; Tar- 
antula hawk .25. 20 percent. off above prices 
for cash. C. E. HUTCHINSON, Los Angeles, 
Calif. 


OOLOGICAL instruments, Indian and -war 
relics, books, minerals, for used stamps in 
quantities, minerals, confederate money and 
stamps, theological, medical, ornithological, 
mineralogical, geological, zoological or general 
reference books. REV. A. D. AKIN, East 
Point, Ga. 


STUDER’S Birds of North America, contain- 
ing 119 colored plates illustrating all birds true 
to nature. % Morocco binding, cost $40., will 
sell for $20., @s good as new, arare chance. Ad- 
dress, J. B. STUBER, 255 W. 21 St., New York. 


EXOTIC Butterflies and Moths, in brilliant 
colors and of rare beauty, for sale or exchange 
for rare sets of birds eggs and birds skins. 
Send 5 cent stamp for catalogue. No postals. 
PROR. CARL BRAUN, Naturalist, Bangor, 

e 


I WILL pay % cents per 100 for clean cigar- 
ette pictures, and 35 cents per 190 for clean 
smoking tobacco pictures, and wlll pay postage 
C O. TROWBRIDGE, Box 311, Farmingham, 

ass. 


TO EXCHANGE.- Birds Eggs in sets, for 
others. Send list and receive mine. T. C. 
BRONAUGH, Baileyville, Kansas, 


SEND FOR EXCHANGE LIST of Eggs, 
Natural History Books, and Magazines, also 14 
fine approval sheets at 50 per cent. discount to 
exchange. GEO. N. UPHAM, Coffeyville, Kas. 


A choice set of 3 eggs, with full data of each. 
Roseate, Common and Arctic Tern, 9 eggs in all 
icv 55 cents postpaid. Send postal note if pos- 
sible. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. 


a 

EXCHANGE.—5 Columbian Half dollars for 
Colden Eagles’ egg. New press, type, paper 
eutter worth $100, 744x134 for rare sets or cash. 
bh. E. MOFFATT, Winsted, Conn. 


LOOK! STOP! Any one sending me one. 
8c. stamp unused and 25 Columbian stamps: 
used, any kind, will receive in return 4 rare 
Chinese coins. Address, C. M. HATFIELD, 
Oakland, Calif. 


RS SL | ee eee AS PES 

FOR SALE.—A good “Stevens New Model 
Pocket Rifle. 15 in. barrel, using 22 caliber shot 
cartridges, just the thing for small birds. Price 
$7. F.H. LATTIN & CO., 3571 Cottage Grove 
Ave., Chicago, Ills. 


MY entire mineral collection to Ex. for first- 
class skins. Also elegant 5x7 photographs of 
Ospreys and Night Herons Nests for skins. 
Send lists. H.S. HATHAWAY, 919 Elmwood 
Ave., Providence, R. I. 


——————E— eee 

EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I have sets of Ari- 
zona, California and other eggs to exchange 
for Postage stamps. Glad to hear from any 
one having collections of same to exchange. 
HAROLD H. DODGE, 307% West 2nd St., Los 
Angeles, Cal. 


FOR SALE.—Cecropia, Telea and Promethea 
Coccoons at 5c. a piece in small orders. Big 
discount on large orders of Cecropias. The 
above for exchange at 8c. a piece for Birds Eggs 
in sets with datas, strap climbers or Davie’s 
Key. Coccoons warranted. LEROY KING. 
No. 304 Forest W. Detroit, Mich. 


266 CHE OOLOGIST. 


RUBY GARNETS from Mexico. Five very 
fine selected Specimens for only twenty-five 
cents postpaid, also, several copies of S. A. 
Miller’s Paleontology of the Paleozoic Period, 
New, $5. J. M. WIERS, 357 West Van Buren 
St., Chicago, Ill. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A sketching camera for 
best offer in eggs, books, oologist’s instruments 
ete. Write at once. JACOB BOSTIAN, JR, 
Statesville, N. C. : 


FOR SALE, half price for limited time.— 
Large quantity of eggs and skins. Subscrip- 


tions for allnewspapers and periodicals below . 


publishers rates. 
$50 gold in prizes. 
DRY, Eustis, Fla, 


Agents wanted everywhere. 


A JOINTED Nickel Plated Fishing Reel, line 
and hook and 32 ealiber center-fire double-ac- 
tion revolver, valued at $10 for 10 or 16 shot 32 
or 38 Winchester rifie in good shape or best 
offer of single eggs. J. R. AMACK, Ballston 
Spa, N. Y., Box 532. 


MELODEON in rose-wood piano case, good 
tune, needs no repairs, cost new $135. Will ex- 
change for rare sets to value of $40 catalogue 
prices. Autograph letters of noted men for 
eggs. C. E. MOFFATT, Winsted, Conn. 


A MEYER FLUTH, silver keys,cost $24, with 
case and U.S. Stamps to exchange for Kodak, 
Violin, or Gun or forcash, R.C. ALEXAN- 
DER, Plymouth, Mich. 


I DESIRE to exchange my collection of eggs, 
for postage stamps. Wish to exchange all my 
sets and singles in bulk, for a stamp collection. 
JOHN B.SEYMOUR, Clinton, Oneida Co., N. 
Ws 


FOR EVERY §.50 worth of birds’ eggs or U. 
S. Stamps I will give a well worn Confederate 
bill. HENRY LAFLER, Box 333, Albion,N.Y. 


A CHOICE set of 3 eggs, of each Roseate, 
Common and Arctic Tern with original data, 
for $ .55 postpaid. If you have them in your 
collection, why not buy a lot to exchange? Only 
thirty lots in hand. JAMES P. BABBITT, 
Taunton, Mass. 


FOR SALE.—Winchester Repeating Shot 
ou 6 shot,-12 guage. Price $15. Worth $25. 
. OLDFIELD, Port Sanilac, Mich. 


POLISHED MARBLE. Clockcase $4.25, 
photo frame $2, monuments for mantel orna- 
ments 12 var ieties marble in each, on base $1.75 
or $3 per pair, shelf and bracket invisible hold- 
er $1.25, paperweights 30c., etc., prepaid, or half 
exchange in eggs, books on ornithology, guns, 
instruments, ete. WILLIAM W. WAKE, 
Knoxville, Tenn. 


EHXCHANGE.—Cigarette cards, specimens of 
wood, back numbers of Youth’s Companion, 
and single eggs, to exchange for eggs in sets. 

P. C. WOOD, Fayette, Lowa. 


A COLLECTION of twenty fine minerals for 
a collection of Foreign and United States 
stamps. JOHN W. NEVBEIL, 2317 Sepviva St., 
Phila., Pa. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE. I have some books 
and papers to exchange for eggs; send stamp 
for list and terms. Make me an offer for Coues 
Key. My correspondents will please take no- 
tice of the change in my address. THOS. A. 
SMITHWICK, Merry Hills, Bertie Co., North 
Carolina. 


Address at once, H. E.PEN- ; 


AN EGG Collecting outfit, Consisting of two 
drills, blowpipe, three sizes embryo hooks, rub- 
ber syringe, pair embryo scissors and rule to 
exchange for stamps. SIDNEY ECKLEY, 
239 Green St., Dayton, Ohio’ 


A BARGAIN, Collecting tube 38 cal. for 12 
ga. gun, 100 brass shells, loader, wad-cutter, de- 
capper and 200 primers. As good as new .Will 
sell cheap. E. B. SCHRAGH, Pontiac, Minn. 


SCOTT’S latest postage stamp catalogue, or 
any standard catalogue. Will give $1 worth of 
2nd class or 60c. worth Ist class ¢ eggs for it. Also 
eggs for stamps. MAURICE FULTON, Uni- 
versity, Miss. 


TO EXCHANGE.—First and second class 
singles, vols., OOLOGIST’” drills, Sharpe’s 44 
rifle, for books, eggs, revolver, cash. F. B. 
WILLIAMS, 313 E. Second, Ottawa, Kansas. 


JOB PRINTING.—Plain or ornamentat, for 
Collectors and others. Good work, lowest 
prices. Havea variety of bird cuts in stock. 
Address, THE MODEL PRINTING OFFICE, 
Leighton, Ala. 


THOROUGHBRED Rose Comb, Browns and 
Claibornes for Barred Plymouth and young 
Claiborne eccck. Also sets and singles for same 
Correspondence solicited. J. S. GRIF FING, 
Cutchogue, Long Island, N. Y. 


DESIRABLE eggs to exchange for same. 
Eggs to exchange always on hand. Send lists 
and receive mine. Correspondence solicited. 
CHARLES H. PRINCH, Danielsonville, Conn. 


WANTED.—Spearhead Tobacco Tags in lots 
of 100rmore. Will give loz. garnet sand, or 
25 Perriwinkles from Lake Hrie for every 10 
sent. A. R, OGDEN, Brocton, Mass. 


WANTED.—A double barrel breach loading 
shot gun, either 10 or 12 gauge in good condition 
Will exchange Sea shells and Taxidermists in- 
struments, marine curious, ete. C. F. CARR, 


New London, Wis. 
PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a 
speciality. Note and _ letter 
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F, 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


H. HH. & C- S. Brimley, 
Collectors, 
Raleigh, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. 


\ SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, 
\ Birds’ Eggs, and Skins, Fossils, 
\'\ Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy, 
Hip Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New 

~ London, Wis. 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- 
rectly named, at moderate price. HHRMANN 
ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- 
many. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


BIRD SKINS. 


We have during the past season collected together a large lot of skins of birds 
at as cheap rates as possible in order to give the | many subscribers to the O6LO- 
Gist a chance to add to their collection at really wholesale rates. Nearly all the 
skins we offer are first class with data slips attached and where we felt aspecimen 

was not quite up to grade we have reduced the price so as to guarantee every one 
who orders shall receive one hundred cents for the dollar invested. The prices 
are net and we would strongly advise ordering a sufficient number so they may be 
sent by express. Estimated amount of postage must be included in all cases, or 
we will deduct same when filling order, 

At our Chicago headquarters we have no room for Bird Skins hence they will 
all be closed out at once and prices will only hold good while stock lasts. Name 
substitutes if possible. Of many species we can furnish pairs. Make up your 
orders by return mail and we know you will be satisfied with the investment. 


vo 
Pier) 
ad 


3 IETOGN GE GAG TCD Cees es ee ee $ 65 341 White-tailed Hawk-. 2 2... <p l B 
5 St. Domingo Grebe ___... Sed eae pe T5 342 Swainson’s Hawk....... ............... 1 50 
64 CASPIAN MME ae ote ee se 1 OU 360 American Sparrow Hawk............... 40 
65 TRON TEE NY EY el ese a NR en 1 00 362 MUIGUD OM SNC AraC al aes ons eemliney) 
67 WaADOUSMRERM ys einer etal bere 1 00 364 AMER Cans OSPKCVee ss eee 1 50 
70 COMMONRECE Nene oes SO UER deer 865 Amenicanvb anny © win see soe een 1 25 
71 Arctic Tern 372 SCRECCIRO Ww lene tess earce eee ee cae 60 
74 eas Gee nD eenc sect ee cil cee eee ee 83730 Mewar Sere Cy O wiley eee 60 
15 SOOUVAUET Me os Ae an pa es 378 SUELO Wi Os Owls reeeies eeee ete ee ene nae 50 
7 Ieee Beira is E 380 Ferruginous By ary Owls eee nO) 
79 Noddy... : suacl ere ee ola [393] eS a peta ee ee an err ae, UD NAS HER Need 1 00 
so Black Skimmer - f 385 Road-runner 60 
92 Audubon’s Shearwater § 387 Yellow-billed Cuckoo  _................ 30 
115 TEXOYOLO Nic sais ono ee Ace a a eee 388 Black-billedk&Cuckooe 2 30 
128 Man-o’-War Bird 392 ELVA. OCOD CCC Iai een 
129 American Merganser ¢ 394 Downy Woodpecker ..... 15 
130 Red-breasted Merganser __. 90 396 Baird’s Woodpecker 35 
131 Hooded Merganser.........._.. 90 402 Yellow-bellie’ Sapsucker... ....... 25 
132 DY EG Leer NS eA Bee sA ALES. nae $5 406 Red-headed Woodpecker __............ 20. 
135 GAGE asi To LN kane core emp se 95 410 Golden-tronted ood n eek er: bale mht 743) 
137 ES ULC Aue eae ete a oe Me maa ra Recall y 95 412 BLICkernes > sists arena ales fa 20) 
139 GreenawilnedoMe alles eects Sewn O) 417 Whip-poor- EAN gs kathy ce uate alienate 50 
140 BIMeawIN ed ene alee eee eal es 60 419 TP FEKG NINE) ooo 1 50 
142 SOME Ul Tels sentence ete et pres 95 420 INH MB MA a Been 12t25) 
143 TENTIAL HEY (iets k Wie a eae RT th eee meee 95 421 Texan Nighthawk se 25) 
144 Wood Duck ........... OR ACT Caen ee 1 00 23 Chimney Swift - Ske aaa 2) 
146 HRC Ce alpen epic Sek: Pee cae eat 1 00 [442] Fork-tailed Flvcatcher..... 1 00 
147 Canwasiacl ye. soos ee a ra 1 00 443 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher... .._..... 35 
150 RUINS -Ne Clea Ducky. SE 1 00 444 IXIn SiR eg er eter ee ree eee 20 
151 American Golden-eye............. .. 95 447 . Arkansas Kin@bird _.....2.....2.......... 25 
152 Barrow’s Goldea-eye........ 2... 6... 95 452 Crestedshly catchers ne 15 
154 OIGES Caan cece te emer esr 1 00 [455] BawLence sry cater seen 1 00 
155 lee valves (vMey IDO pee es ee 1 00 456 FR OR Ce aS SISTA iy gle ea 15 
165 White-winged Scoter.................. 1 00 461 WWYOOG) IREWOE ee 15 
182 American Flamingo .:..2.... 2... 10 00 A65P eA Cad ame ly Catch Ciyessmesees = eine a 15 
190) American Bittern : 466 little Mly.cateCherns se 60 
191 Least Bittern. _..._..... ; : 466a MrailVSeHly Catcher we ae sey eee 15 
194 Great Blue Heron... : 467 WASENSTD IDI NV CRN OVEN so ee 165 
201 Greens eronnme: vy 471 Vermillion Flycatcher 2222 50 
202 Black-crowned Night Heron.. 60 4740 PraiGieseOnne da lkan ks es eens 25 
Q14 NO laeeeeerte aes ees yes SMA RROD ATT Blue Jay. eae acai a ManeneeuiteeL 
219 Florida Gallinule _....... eee eT TOO) 478 Blue-fronted ‘Jay . } 30 
221 AUNCTICAN COOL sta se oe eO0, 451 California ayn 22. BOE 
925 American Avocet 60 483, Green Jay y 50 
226 Black-necked Stilt prey rent (al) 448 American Crow..........2..- 35 
230 WAISOMZSIS Dp Csi nae et =e eae 50 494 IBOWOH Ieuan eee USSR Be Rela OL Ey 
241 ipeubcolsy Seah oor oe 40 495 Cowbird - Leen eee owl ( 
254. Greatereviellow-legsineess eras 75 497 Yellow-headed Blackbird... 20 
955 RYCLIO WRC SiG y ele: asa SE ae 5) 498 Red-winged Blackbird............ _..... 15 
258 SUVA C Crete setieais oor: cessed Sylhet Cs 1 00 5OL WSR NG KOMEN AS Aes. ee ee 25 
263 Spotted Sandpiper... ........._-: 3 Saae 20 501b Western Meadowlark........ ...... 35 
ZT RGU UNCLES) ieee see St ater ie a eee a 30) [502] AD) KONDO) Een Pree eee ee Oe ee 15 
294 CalitorpiajPartridze: ==) es 60 503 Audubon’s Oriole _ 1) 
300 VUTEC ORG TONLS Cease een ea eeu ee 15 505 Hooded Oriole... 35 
313 . Red-billed Pigeon 1 90 506 OrchandeOniolem emesis seein 20 
316 Mourning Dove - ee aa ee epee wren) 507 IB ALGIMONE ORIOL eee oe () 
319 White-winged Dove. 90) 508 BUOCKSTORIOLC eens ene 25 
320a Mexican Ground Dove 509 RUSTE BlaClio ln sree ene 20) 
331 IY RH ASS OV BE Wye ele ease ee ten 511 Purple Grackle..... AMET hee eee i030) 
333 Cooper’s Hawk . 5 512 Great-tailediGrackie: eee oe 30 
335 Harris’s Hawk : 514 Bvening Grosheals <2. 2 22282 50 
337 Red-tailed llawk 515 Pine Gr OSHS Sal wry re et 5 35 


339 Red-shoulé: red Hawk 517 TPA ONS TMC, 2 setbiaca poate els 


+ 268 THE OOLOGIST. 


519 House Finch ............. eee 20 647 Tennessee Warbler 50 
521 American Crossbill Bede 20) 648 - Parulay War Dlersees se) eee eee 15 
522 White-winged Crossbill 30 650 Cape May Warbler oY) 
528 FREQ POL eee ee ie ieee eae 15 652 CLIO WAVVialG Ole Teese ree 15 
529 American Goldfinch ._.................... 15 654 Black-throated Blue Warbler......... 15 
530 Arkansas Goldfinch _................. as 15 655 MiynGleewWianb: cians ee eee 15 
533 Pine Sis Kili sys eee eae ae 15 657 Magnolia Warbler . 15 
536 Lapland Longspur ___........2..2...0.2..... 15 6E8 Cerulean Waroler a2 ical) 
538 Chestnut-collared Longspur.......... 20 659 Chestnut-sided Warbier 15 
542a Savanna Sparrow...................-.2..... 15 660 Bay-breasted Warbler.................. 5) 7 BO) 
546 Yellow-winged SRaOw 15 ~—- 661 Black-poll Warbler .......... ... ........ 15 
549 Sharp-tailed Sparrow... UE ENE ALS 662 Blackburnian Warbler. dlls DN an 20) 
552 Lark Sparrow __..._.. Pale Ah ee. 663 Yellow-throated Warbler. . 30 
(54 White-crowned Sparr Ow. 15 667 Black-throated Green Warbler... 15 
{556 Gambel’s Sparrow ........ ..........2...... 15 671 Pine \Wiarble peveen cee een 15 
558 White-throated Sparrow 20 672a Yellow Palm Warbler............. ..... 15 
‘09 Meer WalMmO Wiener ce een 15 613 Rralrdie Wal DLC 1s eese ee eee ences 20 
‘560 Chipping Sparrow. ................ 0.2... 15 674 Oven= birds Sea ee 15 
163 Mela SpannrO wees een ee 15 617 Kentuelsy a Waoleriee esate 50 
‘513 Black-throated Sparrow ......... ....... 20 678 Connecticut Warbler....................... 50 
‘581 Song, Sparrowee kee 15 679 Mourning Warbler_......................... 30 
' 584" Swamp Sparrow. ... 15 «6S Maryland Yellow-throat ...... _... 15 
585 Fox Sparrow ............ elo 683 Yellow-breasted Chat....... ............ 20 
586 Texas Sparrow......... 30 684 TOO EGRWialGD Le Teese eens 30 
! 587 Towhee .............- 16 685 Wilson’s Warbler.... 25 
593 Cardinale 15 686 @anadlanGwarbl ere een 20 
594 Texan Cardinal Oe. GSK American Redstart 15 
- 595 Eose-breasted Grosbeak _....... k 20° 697% American Pipit ee 2.0) 
596 Black-headed Grosbeak see DD 703 Mockingbird _... .... Bares oe BU 
595 Indigo Bunting == 15 704 Catlbirdess 22S ees ee sex aD 
602 Sharpe’s Seed-eater........................ MO 105 - Brown Thrasher 15 
605 Wankes Untin Gee eee eee 20 706 Texas Nhrashe re yee eee enna 30 
606 Blue headed Euphonia ................ TOO. ‘ay Curve-billed Thrasher................... 30 
6u8 Scanlet Tanagers 3g PH IR CACEUSRWINC IG 5 pees eese eee 25 
610 Summerinanadcens a ee 25 718 Carolin awareness 20 
611 Purple Martin................ 20 = 721 House Wrens es ieee eee 15 
612 Cliff Swallow.........: WS te _Long-billed Marsh Wren................. 15 
613 Barn Swallow 15 726 Brown Creeper 2... <..-2--e-seeeeeceeene 20 - 
616 Bank Swallow 15 127 White-breasted Nuthatch .............. 15 
618 \ Bohemian Waxwing ..................... 60 . 731 Tuite dct OUSC mes eee 15 
619 Cedar Waxwing ..... ........ ....... 1B 78H Chickadee ee eee 15 
622a White-rumped Shrike 15 = 748 Golden-crowned Kinglet Boer 2 16) 
624 Red-eyed Vireo ...............-.-..... 2... 15 749 . Ruby-crowned Kinglet _....: eee 5 
627 Warbllng Vireo ..........-..0220.222202------ 1B 25 Til Blue-gray Gnatcatcher _................. 15 
631 White-eyed Vireo................. 02.2.2... iy G3 Wioyore BUM ee 20 
636 Black and While Warbler:............. 15) 56 MINOT TNT UST yee eee ne 20 
639 Worm-eating Warbler. ................. 30 T58a Olive-backed Thrush .__........-...-..... 20 
641 Blue-winged Warbler .......-..... - .. 35  759b HUGO aN ay MAUS a 20 
642 ‘Golden-winged Warbler ................ 30 8©6T61 VAGRANT ellp) 
48 ‘Nashville Warbler.......................... 15 %66a Bluebird se a Soe ae 15 


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- THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


The First Volume of the American Ornithology 


G. VROOMAN SMIrH. 


Vil. 


We now come to that period in Wil- 
son’s life to which he looked forward, 
from the time ne entered upon the pro- 
fession of an orni hologist with anxious 
expectancy. The time when he was to 
see his fondest hopes realized—the pub- 
lication of his American Ornithology. 
The year 1807 wrought important 
-changesin the career of Wilson. Mr. 
Bradford, a publisher in Philadelphia, 
contemplated publishing an edition of 
Ree’s cyclopxdia and was looking about 
for an assistant editor. Wilson was re- 
commended to him as a person well 
qualified to superintend the work and 
his services were immediately secured. 
He entered upon his new duties prompt: 
ly and with all his heart. At last he 
had emerged from the obscurity as 
teacher of country school and was en- 
gaged in an employment which gave 
him abundant opportunity of making 
the acquaintance of learned men. 

Led by the desire of beholding the 
maturity of his plans at once, he had 
not been long in the employment of 
Mr. Bradford before he made known to 
him the desire of his heart. Mr. Brad- 
ford needed nothing further than an 
explanation of the nature and object of 
the work to convince him of its inevit- 
able success if published. fe readily 
consented to become the publisher and 
furthermore agreed to bear the neces- 
sary expenses for an edition of two 
hundred copies. What transpired in 
‘Wilson’s mind wnen he receiyed the 


ALBION, N. Y., OCT., 1893. 


NO. 10 


approbation of this influential person 
may be better imagined than realized. 
The darling hope of his life now seemed 
within reach-the publication of his 
ornithology in a manner answering to 
his imaginations and desires. 

With the support of Mr. Bradford 
and the indefatigable labor of Wilson 
the work progressed rapidly. He re- 
linguished his position of assistant edit- 
or of the cyclopzedia and lent all his ef- 
forts to his own work. His only means 
of support now was that received from 
the coloring of his own plates, and that 
was far to small to meet the necessities 
of life. He applied himself so closely 
to coloring his plates and correcting 
the imperfections of assistant employ- 
ees that the hours of rest were encroach- 
ed upon and the result was, his health 
became sericusly impaired. His friends 
advised him to travel about; and there- 
upon in August, 1807 he left Philadel- 
phia for a tour through the state of 
Pennsylvania. On this journey he en- 
larged his collection of specimens and 
procured much additional information. 
This pedestrian excursion seemed to 
have repaired his shattered health for 
after a few months of roughing it he re- 
turned to his work with renewed vigor, 
and devoted every moment to his plates 
and manuse ripts. 

Another year of incessant toil rolled 
by before the first vclume of the Ameri- 
can Ornithology with all its splendor 
and magnificence was given to the 
world. In September, 1808 the superb 
volume left the printers and Alexander 
Wilson with joy as great as the aston- 
ishment which greeted his efforts, at 
last beheld the proud moment of his 
earlier expectations. America had 
given to the world an original work in 
science. A work which could in every 
way vival the best productions of Kur- 


270 THE OOLOGIST. 


ope. And why do we lay so much 
stress on this adopted foreigner’s ef- 
forts? Because the science of ornithol- 
ogy was in its infaney; aye, in its em- 
bryonic state till Alexander Wilson, 
that devout child of nature, by years 
of patient toil, study, poverty and dis- 
couragem2nt at last brought forth from 
its obscurity the science that has enlist- 
ed in its service minds of the very high- 
est order. Because there is not to be 
found in that long line of his illustrous 
followers one who has led a life abound- 
ing in such depressing circumstances 
and still has given to the world a mon- 
ument of industry to be comparea with 
his efforts. Those of you who have 
read an account of his life cannot but 
rejoice to think that we are living in an 
enlightened ave. An age when our be- 
loved science is encouraged rather than 
discouraged. Briefly review again the 
circumstances under which his work 
was brought forth. Consider the life 
of penury he led and then consider 
what that life gave to us. Hight years 
previous to the appearance of his first 
volume.—years in which most if not the 
whole mass of his knowledge of the sub- 
ject was gained, were years spent in 
wrestling with disappointment, pover- 
ty and sickness. In all that time he 
worked patiently and thoroughly, scarce- 
ly receiving any outside aid in the 
furtherance of his desigus. Finally let 
us think of him as he leaves the abode 
of civilized man, latinches his canoe on 
unbroken waters, depends on his rifle 
for subsistence, keeps on his solitary 
march till the bird has sung its evening 
song, and then lies dewn to rest with 
no society but the hoot of the Owls and 
no shelter but the star-lighted skies. 
And afterall due consideration let us 
attribute to Alexander Wilson the 
praise his great work deserves. 
Although twenty-five hundred copies 
of the prospectus, setting forth the 
character of the work had been sent to 
different parts of the country, yet when 
the real work greeted the public no one 


was prepared to welcome so fine a spee-- 
imen of art. No one entertained an 

idea of the grandeur and com leteness: 
of the work. Little wonder that it met 
with so little patronage when we con- 

sider how expensive it was. The taste: 
for such luxuries had not yet been 

formed in this country. Those who had 
manifested an interest in the science 
were mainly persons of limited cireum- 

stances. Thus being an ornament to- 
the shelves of the rich or shut up in the: 
libraries of learned institutions it was a. 
sealed book to those who really were in 
need of its benefits. Wilson himself 
realized the position his book was likely 
to hold in the public favor, and his plan 

was to publish a second edition in four 
volumes, with drawings on wood. 

This edition would have circulated 
more generally and would likely reach: 
the hands of all who were interested in 
the science, as it could have been sold! 
at a very low figure, as compared with 
the cost of the original edition which 
was ope hundred and twenty dollars. 
But unfortunately he died before the- 
ninth volume of the first edition was: 
completed. 

In the latter part of September, 1803 
he writes to Mr. Bartram: “In a few 
moments [ set out for the eastern states, 
through Boston to Maine, and back 
through the state of Vermont, in search: 
of birds and subseribers.” It was with 
a feeling of timidity that he set out in 
search of patronage; for as he says ‘‘the 
bearer of a subscription paper is seldom: 
welcomed with rapture.’’ He felt that 
even if he should fail in securing sub- 
scribers he at least could gain a greater 
familiarity with nature’s objects. Ac- 
cordingly he writes to a friend, “I am: 
fixing correspondents in every corner 
of these northern regions, like so many 
pickets and outposts, so that scarcely a. 
Wren or Tit shall be able to pass along 
from York to Canada, but I shall get in-. 
telligence of it.”’ 

Thousands of learned men examined 
his book; and although only a few en- 


THE OOLOGIST. 2 


tered their names as subscribers, yet he 
received expressions of the highest ad- 
miration and esteem from all. He ex- 
hibited his book with some success at 
Princeton college, Newark and Eliza- 
bethtown in New Jersey. In New 
York he found a few subscribers and 
many admirers. The professors of Col- 
umbia college particularly expressed 
their esteem for his performance. The 
professor of languages being a Scotch- 
man, and also a Wilson, gave him great 
encouragement and would have done 
him any favor in his power. Tom 
Paine, the author of the ‘Rights of 
Man” was then residing at Greenwich, 
ashort distance from New York.  Wil- 
son desired to visit the man about whom 
somuch had been said, and who was 
now in the yellow leaf of life, being 
something over seventy. Wilscn said 
he found him sitting in his nightgown, 
at a table covered with newspapers and 
material for writing. Paine examined 
his book with great attention and was 
so weJl pleased with it that he entered 
his name among the list of subseribers. 
He spent a whole week traversing the 
streets of New York, from one house 
_to another. He said ‘the became as 
well known as the public ecrier, ov the 
clerk of the market, for I could fre- 
quently perceive gentlemen point me 
out to others as I passed with my book 
under my arin.” 

On the 2nd of October he left New 
York for New Haven, Middletown and 
Hartford where he received a few sub- 
scribers and much encouragement. At 
Hartford an editor of a newspaper ex- 
pressed the highest admiration of the 
work, and paid many handsome com- 
pliments to it in his paper. Wilson 
writing to a friend said ‘that compli- 
ments is a species of currency that will 
neither purchase plates or pay the 
printer; but, nevertheless it is gratify- 
ing to the vanity of an author, when 
nothing better can be gut.” 

The morning following the evening 
he arrived in Boston, :he sought out 


7 
ra 


Beacon Hill, an eminence overlooking 
the city.. His eyes were directed to see 
that spot so justly celebrated in Ameri- 
can history, Bunker Hill. A _ gentle- 
man pointed out the spot to him and he 
immediately explored the way thither. 
He inquired if there was any one still 
living in the vicinity who was engaged 
in the battle, and he was directed to a 
Mr. Miller, who was a lieutenant in 
that memorable affair. Wilson intro- 
duced himself without ceremony, shook 
hands with him, and told him that he 
was proud of the honor of meeting with 
one of the heroes of Bunker Hill. They 
proceeded together to the place, taking 
with them another veteran who had 
been in the same conflict. With these 
veterans he spent three hours upon the 
field; the most interesting. he says, 
which he ever passed in his life. As 
they pointed out to him the route 
of the British—the American line 
of defence—the spot where Warren fell, 
and where he-was thrown amid heaps 
of dead, he felt as if he himself could 
haye encountered an army in the same 
glorious cause. The old soldiers were 
delighted with his enthusiasm, and, 
after drinking a glass of wine together, 
they parted with regret. He said. “no 
pilgrim ever approached the tomb of 
his prophet, with more awful enthus- 
iasm, than he felt as he drew near to 
that sacred ground; and great was his 
wrath, to find that a wretched pillar of 
bricks, was the only memorial of those 
who had shed their blood for their 
country.” 

He proceeded eastward through Mass- 
achusetts and New Hampshire to Port- 
land. ‘From Portland he travelled 
through New Hampshire, stopping at: 
Dartmouth college, where he said the 
professors were extremely obliging and 
attentive, particularly the president 
who snbseribed; thence through Ver- 
mont to Aloany and home by tie way 
of New York. The whole number of 
subserib-rs procured during this tour 
was only forty-one. 


272 THE OOLOGIST 


Raptores of Michigan. 


By ScoLopa. 


Part Four. 

THe EUROPEAN BuzzArp, Buteo buteo 
f. This straggler from the old world, 
not rarely taken at the North on the 
eastern coast of N. A., has been twice 
recorded from Michigan. Exact refer- 
ence not now at hand but can be furn- 
ished if desired. At best it can. only 
be embraced as an irregular visitor. 

Swatnson’s Hawk, Buteo swainscni 
Bonap. 1 have never met with this 
species to my knowledge, but have, 
nevertheless always thought that it was 
more common than credited. A few 
have been recorded from various parts 
‘of the state. In time, and when com- 
_petent ornithologists shall be found in 
nearly all sections of Michigan, it may 
be reasonably expected, that the Swain- 
sson’s Hawk, will, at least be generally 
known as a yearly visitor to the penin- 
‘sular State. 

BROAD-WINGED Hawk, Buteo latissi- 
mus. Wils- Inthe Northern part of 
the state, this species may be abundant, 
though it is not reported so, that I can 
learn. In Southern Michigan it is but 
jittle known, and many, ornithologists 
‘have collected for years without seeing 
a bird. Still searcer are the successful 
ones with the eggs As an evidence of 
its rarity here, in the breeding season, 
I will say, that in over five hundred 
nests of the buteos which have been rob- 
bed by the collectors of this (Kalama- 
700) county, only one set of eggs of this 
Buzzard was taken. It may be safe to 
-add that I suspect the identify of 
‘Hawk’s eggs is not al Ways accurate. 
tn fact I suspect that nests of this bird 
have been found and overlooked. The 
advice is given, that in all cases of 
doubt, the bird should be secured when 
the eggs are removed. 


In late May, 1875 two of us were 


hunting and collecting in a piece of low 
woods where we often went. Jim saw 
a Hawk sailing leisurely through the 
woods He followed it and shot the 
bird which proved to be of this species. 
As the Hawk was rare to us, having 
previously only been seen in migrations 
we were much interested in the note 
and began to look about although we 
did not expect to find eggs owing to the 
lateness of the season. We quickly 
spied a suspicious-mass of rubbish in a 
large white ash only a few rods away. 
When we approached the tree we were 
much pleased to see the old bird fly off. 
She alighted in an adjoining tree and 
was easily bagged. 

It was a very warm day and so we * 
disembowelled our specimens and pack- 
ed the cavity with dry materials on 
which was dropped alittle carbolic acid. 
An examination disclosed the fact that 
the mother bird was engaged in laying, 
and we at once laid our plans for seal- 
ing the ash tree which was nearly 
seven feet in circumference two feet 
above the ground. The trunk ascend- 
ed all of fifty feet without a limb. In 
those early days we knew nothing 
about climbing irons and our bird-nest- 
ing was the hardest kind of climbing in 
many cases. After much scrambling 
and puffing, together with a good deal 
of boosting from below by my compan- 
ion witha long sapling and crotch, I 
managed to reach the nest, which was 
built like the nests of the other dzdeos, 
as near as I could judge. It contained 
two eggs one of which was well marked 
and much like the usual description, 
while the other was. of dirty white 
ground color with a very few markings. 
The eggs can be distinguished from 
those of the Red-tailed and Red-should- 
ered Hawks both by size and markings, 


* All birds which feed on flesh become putrid 
in Warm weather within a very few hours after 
death unless treated with some antiseptic. 
Another method I often adopt. and this is par- 
ticularly adapted t) cases where birds are to 
be sent by niail or express, is to fill the eviscer- 
ated body with powdered charcoal. 


THE OOLOGIST. "Rid. 


in fact I do not know of any other 
species of Hawk’s eggs for which they 
can be mistaken in this region.To those 
who do not possess eggs of this Hawk, 
aud who-are so fortunate as to have 
access to Capen’s work, it will be found 
that the plates are an exceilent repres- 
entation of this Hawk’s eggs. The size 
of the eggs are a little less than those of 
the eggs of tne Red-shouldered Buzzard. 
Davie gives the average as 1.90x1.54 
inches. 

The nest was built in a huge crotch 
_and after the manner ofthe other Buz- 
zard-hawks. The spot was little visit- 
ed, the locality selected being a low, 
wild piece of woods. This is the usual 
choice of this Hawk, as recorded by col- 
leetors and observers. It seems strange 
to me that a species of the Hawk fam- 
ily so constant in its choice of wild and 
little frequented regions, should be so 
easily approached and shot. Yet this 
inattention to its safety is a well known 
feature of the Broad-wing’s habits, and 
many writers mention it. 

Most writers refer to this species as 
one which builds in high trees, but 
others say that their choice varies great- 
ly. Itis certainly a Hawk which sel- 
ects wild localities, and from this fact 
is the reason that it is little known in 
well populated districts except during 
m grations. 

RED-SHOULDRED HAWK OR BUZZARD, 
Buteo lineatus. Gmel. This is our 
commonest Buzzard Hawk and is un- 
doubtedly the best known of all the 
family. It, in common with the Red- 
tail bears the name of Hen-hawk and 
Chicken-hawk; terms which are hardly 
fair, as the two Buzzards rarely serious- 
ly infest the the barn yard, and especial- 
ly is this true of this Hawk. ‘This bird 
also bears the old name of Winter Fal- 
eon, which is of course entirely improp- 
er as it isin no sense a Falcon. It is 
not rarely found with us throughout 
the winter months, but is evidently no 
more hardy than the Red-tail, which 


certainly averages ten to twenty days 
or more earlier in nesting. Generally 
arrives in late February and departs 
from our state in late November, but [ 
have seen it here in very severe weatl- 
er in December and Januaay. 

Not long after arrival the pairs. evi- 
dently mated upon their appearance, 
select sites for their nests. They are 
not as constant to a favored site as the 
Red-tail; in fact can never be depended 
on to visit a nest for a second season. 
I have known a pair to do so however, 
and also to choose an old nest of the 
Crow or that of their near relative ‘the 
Red-tail. 

The loeality selected is nearly always 
a low woods the species rarely nesting 
on high ground; and never to, so far as 
my experience goes, far removed trom 
water. Many hundreds of nests of this 
Hawk have been visited in this vicinity 
and any quantity of eggs have been se 
cured by the collectors of this county. 

Mr. Richard Westnedge of Kalama- 
z00, than whom no more reliable col-— 
lector lives in the state has devoted 
much time to the nesting habits of the 
Hawks of Southern Michigan. Since 
April, 1888 he his kept a careful record 
of the nesting habits, sites, localities, 
ete. of this Hawk. I cannot do better 
than to give his summary in his own 
words. He says: 

“Sixty-eight sets of Red-shouldered 
Hawks eggs taken since April 21, ’88. 
Of these one each was in birch, soft 
maple and basswood; two in tamarack; 
three each in hard maple and sycamore; 
five in hickory; seven in oak; eight in 
elm; fourteen in beach and twenty-three 
in ash trees. The lowest built nest was 
only twenty feet up and was placed in 
a birch tree; the highest was in an ash 
and at ninety feet. The largest set was 
one of five eggs; the smallest incubated 
sets were three of two eggs each. 
Three and four are the usual sets. The 
earliest set was taken April fourth; lat- 
est first set fresh, May third; latest 


2274 


-second set May eighteenth. About 
Apvil fifteenth is the best date for col- 
lecting the eggs. Sometimes, but sel- 
-dom found in dry oak woods, but al- 
ways near marshy ground.” 

The nest of the Red shouldered Hawk 
‘iseasily found. It is built after the 
manner of the structure of the Red-tail 
and is indistinguishable from it when 
viewed from the ground. There are 
‘some collectors who claim that the 
nests of the two spebies can always be 
told apart, but I must confess that I 
have been unable to distinguish the 
species from nests alone. However it 
is usually not difficult to decide, if the 
nest is in high oak woods and contains 
only two large eggs, that the structure 
belongs to the Red-tail. Again, if the 
nest is in low woods and contains three 
or four smaller eggs, it is fair to judge 
that the Red-shoulder owns them. 
Nevertheless, I have seen sets of these 
eggs of the Red-shouldered Hawk which 
were larger than three eggs from one 
nest of the Red-tail. And too, the Red- 
tail often selects the exact locality 
chosen by the smaller Buzzavd. . There- 
fore a collector must be careful and not 
rely too fully on shape, size or colora- 
tion of eggs, or locality of nest. I do 
not doubt that many collections, some 
of which belong to renowned collectors, 
are supplied with sets of Buzzard’s eggs 
which are improperly labelled. 

Many eggs of this Hawk are very 
beautiful and the markings in various 
shades of brown and red are pleasing 
to the eye. The variations in colora- 
tion: and markings are much greater 
than in the eggs of the Red-tail, and it 
is needless to describe them. 

A trip after the eggs of the Red- 
shouldered Buzzard is a most interest- 
ing expedition, and if made in the right 
locality eannot fail to be productive .of 
good results, particularly if one of the 
party is an experienced collector and 
fearless climber. It is best to go into 
the woods in Mareh and watch the 


THE OOLOGIST. 


birds intent on selecting a nesting site, 
as they are very noisy and active at 
that time. Having located several 
pairs of birds, the proper undertaking 
is to visit the woods regularly and keep 
track of the progress the birds are mak- 
ingin nest building or repairing and 
incubating. 

A collector who has plenty of time to 
to devote to the work should have _bril- 
liant suecess and I feel safe in saying 
that there are several collectors in this 
city who could, if unhampered, and no 
others to bother them, collect a hund- 
red eggs of this Hawk alone, in addi- 
tion to other collecting in a season. 

It is however rare indeed that a col- 
lector is free of all duties; for school 
work engages the attention of the most” 
of the collectors at a time when the 
Hawk’s egg-harvest is in season, and 
with the older ones the duties of busi- 
ness demand attention. From these 
causes but very few days are spent in 
the woods by the enthusiasts around 
here. I know several young fellows of 
this vicinity who have collected for 
years. One of them was a painter, one 
a tinuer, a machinest, college student, 
etc. Available days for collecting were 
few, and generally the time between 
Saturday night and Monday morning 
was selected for long trips, while the 
eyries near to town were visited after 
the work of the week day. Of course 
all of the ground could not be covered 
in one day even though the collectcrs 
set out in different directions. 

Many are the yarns I have heard and 
many good jokes were played on the 
unlucky ones. It was not rare that 
one egg-crank would rob a Buzzard’s 
nest which was fondly considered hid- 
den by another crank who expected to 
take the eggs. When crank No. 1 at 
last climbed the tree he found a note 
pinned in the nest by crank No. 2 which 
informed crank No. 1 that he was a 
trifle late as some one had been there 
before him, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Occasionally a huge tree was selected 
‘by the Hawks which was insurmount- 
sable, and which existed for years with- 
out a robbery of the coveted eggs. But 
at last we were honored with an enthus- 
iastic collector who knew no danger 
and was indefatigable with climbing 
irons and blow pipe. He soon scaled 
all difficult trees and I feel safe in say- 
ing that there is not a tree in this sec- 
tion which will cause him to falter. 

The Red-shouldered Hawk is a very 
noisy bird, and without doubt the nois- 
-est species we have. This is especially 
noticeable during nest-building and at 
the time when the young leave the nest. 
At the latter time a family of Hawks 
will easily convince an uneducated 
stroller that there are a dozen or more 
screamers in a patzh of woods. 

Although the bird does not seem to 
have the attachment for a particular 
nesting site which the Red-tail exhibits, 
stillit is rare for a pair of birds to quit 
a locality unless the woods are cut 
down. Year after year the Red-should- 
ered Hawk returns to the same patch 
-of woods and submits to spoilation by 
‘the town egg-collector. 


ooo 


Auld Lang Syne. 


Of all the various scientific recrea- 
tions, few will dispute that nature pre- 


sents the widest:and most edifying 


fields in which to exercise our thoughts. 
For an intelligent mind, nature has a 
natural inspiration! The boundless 
ocean, the lofty mountian, the majestic 
river with its surrounding landscape, 
are each to him a ‘‘chef d’a@uyvre” of a 
unique past Master, against which the 
feeble, though noble efforts of our 
mightiest minds, stand rebuked, as the 
merest trivialties. 

Everything in nature, commands our 
unqualified admiration: from the lowly 
weed to the noble oak, and the multi- 
colored birds, insects and flowers, nat- 
urally turn our thcughts to Him who 
made them. 


This study of nature, in which the 
poorest individual may participate. pre- 
sents such an infinite variety of sub- 
jects, as almost to bewilder the imagi- 
nation, and it would require thousands 
of years, for its greatest devotee, to 
gain an insight into the knowledge of 
its wonders. However, by pursuing 
one of the various lines of study, one 
may hope to become tolerably profie- 
lent in its mysteries. 

In choosing any special path, one 
must be guided, so to speak, by the 
chemical affinity, or rather inspiration, 
as well as by circumstances and re- 
sources. For me, “Ornithology,” al- 
ways has been, and is still with Odlogy 
the most delightful study extant. 

I doubt not that the majority of the 
collecting subscribers of the OdLoersr 
hold the same opinion with myself. 

I further expect, that with me, many 
of your readers would admit that col- 
lecting specimens has been intimately 
linked with some of the proudest and 
happiest moments of their lives The 
delight one feels in the wood, field or 
along the banks of the stream, (on cer- 
tain occasions, when some tare, unex- 
pected set is met with and seeured for 
the cabinet) is untranslatable, and can- 
not be adequately described on paper. 

1 recollect twenty years ago, when a 
mere child, the inexpressible joy I felt 
on finding a crow’s nest (corvus corone) 
in England, with three eggs. I thought 
they must surely be ravens, they were 
so large and beautiful; and I remember 
also with what regret I left two for the 
old bird, according to instructions in 
my bird book, which was, if I remem- 
ber correctly, the Rev. J. C. Atkinson’s 
British Birds, Eggs and Nests. 

The first Kestrel( falco Tinnuneulus) I 
took, containing six very fine eggs, cave 
me unlimited pleasure, I rated them 
Peregrine Falcons’ at least. The cir- 
cumstances are still fresh in my mem- 
ory. I was then clerk in my uncle’s 
store, and worked from 7 a. m. till 7 


276 THE OOLOGIST. 


p.m. I arose that May morning at 2 a. 
m. and called on a young friend, whom 
I had interested in Odlogy, to go with 
me, but the muscular arms of Mor- 
pheus prevented, and I went away dis- 
gusted with my friend’s tranquil in- 
difference and started alone, as happy 
as a lark, and as confident as Julius 
Cesar of success. 

After walking over two miles, and 
taking a beautiful Lesser White-throat’s 
egg, from a nest built in weeds, con- 
taining three, I proceeded to cross a 
low meadow on the banks of the Great 
Ouse. I had searcely crossed the pal- 
ing when a Red-leg Partridge flew from 
a pateh of rank grass right in front of 
me. I almost trod on the nest, which 
contained eleven eggs of a creamy buff 
color, minutely speckled wity dark 
brown. This was a new acquisition to 
my cabinet, and my conscience smote 
me as I took four of the prettiest, two 
for myself and two for my sleeping 
friend. Before I had crossed the mead- 
ow I frightened an old Millard from 
her nest, which was built in a hollow at 
the top of an old willow., The nest, 
which was full of feathers, contained 
ten eggs, of which I took four, but only 
saved two and that with difficulty, as 
they were almost on the poi.t of hatch- 
ing. 

Leaving the meadows I crossed to a 
small copse or wood of spruce fir and 
had scarcely entered when a Ring-dove 
flew from a low tree to my right and 
sailed deep into the wood, After a 
little searching, I discovered her rude 
platform of twigs, on which were de- 
posited two beautiful, white, glossy 
eggs, elliptical in shape. I left one, 
hoping to find another to make a pair. 
T collected in pairs then! 

While walking slowly along, pack- 
ing my eggs, I heard a Hawk scream- 
ing, and following the sound with my 
eyes, saw a magnilicent Kestrel fly in- 
to the top of a tall fir. My excitement 
was intense. I had never taken a 
Hawk’s egg in my life, and had a 


special longing to distinguish myself 
amongst the Raptores. Promptly climb- 
ing this memorable spruce, which had 
limbs from the ground up, I soon 
caught sight of the nest. On reach- 
ing it- I would not put my hand in, 
until I had first looked in the nest, 
which a moment later I did. Oh, thou 
aident lover of fine sets, imagine six 
glorious eggs, the most beautiful I had 
ever seen, marbled, mottled and veined 
with ‘brick red and sienna. on a deep~ 
buff ground. I almost fell from the 
tree in my excitement. It was truly 
a moment of indescribable bliss, and 
one that will never fade from my 
memory. I must. here confess, I 
bagged the-whole set, contrary to all 
rules and precedents. Five eggs is 
the usual number laid by the Kestrel, 
one of them generally being much 
smaller than the rest. I reached home 
at 6 a. m. delighted at my new acqui- 
sitions, and incurring the envy of my 
sleepy friend, who bowever, received 
his share. This happened in 1891; and 
though my collection has vanished, 
the memories still remain. 

I am still in the field, though on 
this side the herring pond, devoting 
my leisure moments to the same de- 
lightful. study. The birds of North 
America are comparitively new to me, 
as well as the eggs, and in this fact - 
rests the assurance of many delight- 
ful days to come. 

I see birds almost daily that are new 
to me, and have found many beautiful 
nests and eggs, wliich however has ne- 
cessitated the killing of some birds for’ 
their identification. 

The Cardinal Grosbeak (Cardinalis 
Virginniaus) which is a constant resi-— 
dent here, excited my admiration on 
first beholding it, with its beautiful 
crest and gaudy plumage, and_ after-- 
ward by its strong melodious voice. 

The Yellow-billed Cuekoo, with its 
strange note and peculiar eggs so un- 
like Cuculus canorus has greatly in- 
terested me also. I founda. nest of. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


this species with three almost fresh 
eggs on Aug. 17th, 1893. Is not that 
unusually late? 
Wm. Wakes, 
Knoxville, Tenn. 
2S ea ee 


The Marsh Hawk and It’s Uggs. 


One morning in June a farmer stood 
in his yard with a loaded gun in his 
hands watching a pail of Buteos lazily 
cireling overhead While thus watch- 
ing,a Marsh Hawk came skimming 
over the wall and picking up a chicken 
was away witn it’s quarry before the 
slow, rustic battery in che farmers 
hands could be brought to bear on it. 
It is for such oceasional forages, that 
this useful Harrier is shot by the aver- 
age farmer. But fortunately there are 
some farmers who ean and do appreci- 
ate the usefulness of this Hawk. He 
destroys those pests of the farmer, the 
mole, go her, rats, mice and a great 
number of snakes. Whence he receives 
his various epithets; as Mouser, Snake 
Hawk and Mole Hawk. After or dur- 
ing such a life of usefulness, should this 
bird be hunted, shot and killed? 

It plainly shows the ignorance and 
stupidity of the average farmer. In 
spring the country’ boy finds its nest 
and marks the spot. He waits until 
the young are hatched and then pro- 
eeeds to wring their necks. 

The nest of the Marsh Hawk is gen- 
erally a bulky affair, anywhere from an 
inch to a foot high, and from about a 
foot wide to two feet. Some times it 
builds no nest at all but simply depos- 
its its eggs in some small depression in 
dry sphagnum moss or some similar 
substance. In such cases the bird 
builds no nest for the purpose of better 
concealing her eggs. On the contrary 
some of the nests are extremely large. 
They are sometimes built large for the 
reason being always built in a swampy 
place they are in danger of being sub- 
merged by the water and are therefore 
built Jarge for the purpose of avoiding 


2k 


this danger, but the general cause of 
these large nests are the results of nest- 
ing in the same spot for a series of 
years, each year the bird adding more 
to the nest in repairing it for use. 

The usual number of eggs ina set of 
the Marsh Hawk is three, sometimes. 
four or five and but rarely two. When 
first laid their color isa greenish blue,. 
fading before the clutch is complete to 
dirty white which color is given by the 
closest odlogists as the true color of: the: 
eggs. Sometimes the eggs are marked 
over with a dark chocolate color, but 
commonly are not. The choicest sets. 
of eggs of the collector are those that 
are marked. 

Extreme sets are sometimes found: as. 
many as seven in a nest. More than - 
that have been reported before, but the 
the cases are improbable. Many facts 
tend to show also that the two birds, 
(Marsh Hiwk) which lay marked eggs: 
one season will lay marked eggs every 
season; and those that lay plain or un- 
marked eggs one season will ever after 
lay plain eggs. 

There are facts also which go to prove 
that the two birds that lay a certain 
size and shape egg in one season will 
lay the same shaped and same size egg 
all other seasons. Many authorities. 
doubt that still and i. has never been 
proven yet. 

The Marsh Hawk is perhaps the most 
noiseless of our breeding rapaciw. The 
ery made by some of them has an inti- 
mation of the Fish Hawk, but in general 
the ery approaches more nearly that of 
Cooper’s Hawk. 

To those who have only seen and. 
known the subject of this sketch, as the 
skimmer of the meadows, floating and 
quartering spaniel-like over bushy low- 
lands he will hardly seem like a being 


of the upper air. Yet, he has his aspir- 
ations, as we may see; the females, after 
being flushed and shot at, would be 
joined by the male and hang for hours 
far overhead, mere specks in tha sky, 
seemingly above the loftiest flights of 
the Buteos. 


278 


THE QOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


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sere 


The American Woodcock. 


Mtr. Black’s note regarding the Amer. 


can Woodcock reminded me that I 
have had quite an extended acquain- 
tance with this peculiar and precocious 
bird, and as he (Mr. Black) requests 
further remarks on the subject I am 
pleased to submit the following notes: 

Although I have not had as much 
time as I should like to study the birds 


THE OOLOGIST. 


I have had the good fortune to fall in 
with quite a number of Woodcoeks and 
my notebooks contain quite an amount 
of interesting matter regarding them. 

The Woodcock on account of its re- 
tiring habits is rather a hard bird to 
study and therefore some of its most 
interesting and peculiar habits seem to 
have escaped the observations of nat- 
uralists. 

In the western states (so far as I have 
observed) their feeding grounds are, as 
a rule, in the low wet bottom lands 
where there is a thick growth of coarse 
grass and Jow bushes thus rendering it 
almost impossible to see the birds when 
they are on the ground. 

In the east, especially in the hilly 
parts, I have seen them feeding in 
comparitively open roads where I had 
very little trouble in seeing and watch- 
ing them. 

Early in April the Woodcoecks arrive 
in the sheltered valleys of southern 
Ohio and soon seatter and pair to spend 
the breeding season. 

The male bird has a habit of flying 
spirally up into the air, sometimes 
higher than the tree tops and while 
balancing in the air he utters a low 
droning and not unmusical sound, 
which can be heard at quite a distance. 
This is a call to his mate and when he 
alights upon the ground the female 
bird is sure to be near at hand to re- 
ceive his caresses. 

The birds often play in a very droll 
manner, running round and round 
each other in a small cirele, their 
feathers rufiled, their wings lifted and 
their long bills pointing nearly directly 
upward with their heads resting on 
their backs. 

Sometimes they will hop on one foot 
holding the other at a queer angle, as 
if it had been broken or hurt. The 
male bird utters a low indescribable 
sound during all the playing and the 
sight of these queer antics is worth 
more than to have seen Modjeska or 
Barrett in their celebrated plays. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Woodeock usually lays four, 
rarely five, creamy or buff colored eggs, 
spotted with various shades of slate 
and reddish brown. ; 

The nest is a slight depression or 
hollow in the ground sometimes being 
lined with vegetable down or some 
such material. 

From a series of six sets in my eol- 
lection (four being of four and two of 
five eggs each) the smallest eggs meas- 
ures 1.05x1.59 inches and the largest 
one measures 1.16x1.72 inches. 

A curious habit of the Woodcock is 
that of removing their eggs to another 
nesting site when they are disturbed 
while incubating. I heard of this habit 
from an old sportsman and afterwards 
verified it to my satisfaction. 

Finding a nest one day I disturbed 
the setting bird three times and again 
four times on the next day and on the 
morning of the third day I found that 
the birds had remoyed the eggs during 
the night and placed them in anew 
nest about eight feet away where I 
found the eggs. I had marked the 
eges to avoid any mistake. The second 
nest was a mere hollow in the mossy 
ground and was in the middle of an 
open place in tall marsh grass, while 
the first was neatly cupped and lined 
with the above mentioned vegetable 
down. 

Another singular habit of the Wood- 
cock that I have never seen noted is 
that of both birds setting upon the nest 
in wet or cold weather. In doing this 
they hnddle very close together and 
face in opposite directions and I have 
always noted that they have their heads 
thrown back and their bills elevated to 
an angle of about forty-five degrees. 

I have often seen the female bird 
earry the young birds In her feet and 
once saw a male bira doing this. 

Their feeding time is mostly at night- 
fall (dusk) or on dark cloudy days, 
when they may be seen moving about 
in a quick jerky and nervous manner 


279 


touching the ground with the bill and 
using the wings and tailasif they were 
drunk and were afraid of tumbling 
over. 

The bill of a Woodcock is covered 
with a membraneous sheath or net- 
work of tine nerves which enables it to 
easily find its food, which consists al- 
most entirely of slugs and worms, such 
as are found in bogs or low pastures. 
The nervous covering on the bill is so 
sensitive that the bird can distinguish 
with it, the slightest movement of a 
worm or slug several inches below the 
surface of the ground by simply touch- 
ing the grouud with its bill. Some- 
times in ‘‘oozy” places where the sur- 
face will shake J have seen them tap or 
drum lightly upon the ground with 
their wings to make the worms stir so 
that they could tell where they lay and 
afterward probe after them with their 
bills. 

I have often read and heard that the 
American Woodcock never alights up- 
on a fence or tree, but I know of two 
instances where the exception occured, 
not by my own observations but by the 
following: which were noted by my 
fellow-odlogist, Prof. Geo. W. Sabine, 
of this city. 

On Sept. 15, 1872, while out shooting 
in a grove south of Utica, N.Y., he 
saw aWoodeock perched upon a branch 
about 15 feet up in a maple tree. 

On Oct. 1, 1875, he “‘put up” (fiushed) 
a Woodcvck in Graefienburg Swamp, 
N. Y. The bird flew about 25 yards 
and alighted upon an old rail fence. 

Both of these instances are facts and 
may be set down as such as IJ have 
known the Professor for eleven years, 
and his notebook substantiates both of 
above statements. 

The above observations are taken 
from my field notes, some of which 
date back to July 3, 1878. 

Iam yours in the study of Birds, 
IsADOR S. TROSTLER, 
Omaha, Neb. 


280 THE OOLOGIST. 


Nesting Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina 
Wrens in Travis County, Texas. 


BAIRD’s WREN. 


Thryomades bewickt iptlurus. 

This very interesting little bird is 
probab.y our most common Wren. It 
is found in all kinds of country, but 
from my observations, I think it prefers 
a broken country, and little patches of 
prairie and mesquite groves, alternat- 
ing with the timber. 

They are fussy little creatures, hard- 
ly ever silent, and always keeping up a 
querulous ‘‘chee, chee, chee. Even as 
early as January the males are great 
singers, and early on an April morning 
one can not go far without hearing the 
sweet and cheerful song of one of these 
little birds. 

In February they can be seen in pairs 
promenading the back yards, peering 
into every hole, bird-box and creyice. 
They seem to be often undecided as to 
a nesting place, for I have known a pair 
to start three different nests without 
any apparent cause. About March 
15th the Baird’s Wrens begin building 
their nests mostly in bird-boxes or on a 
rafter in the barn. The nest is simply 
a mass of rubbish, but always softly 
lined. with feathers, cotton, or horse 
hair, Six eggs is a common comple- 
ment, but as Many as nine or as few as 
four may constitute afull clutch. The 
eggs are white, more or less speckled 
with brown of varying shades,and lilae. 
Sometimes the specks of reddish brown 
are thickly and uniformly distributed; 
again they are collected in a ring sur- 
rounding the crown or else rather larger 
specks of chocolate brown and _ lilac 
shell markings are more sparingly dis- 
posed. A set collected in 1890 was in a 
beautiful bark, and wool nest placed 
on top of a post in the eaves of a gal- 
lary. It was the largest set I ever col- 
lected, the number laid being nine. 


The eggs were of a creamy-white back- 
ground, and lightly specked with brown 
and lilac. Several albino eggs came 
under my notice last spring; one was 
immaculate white, and another was al- 
most white being finely specked with 
brown; both eggs were in sets of nor- 
mally colored eggs. 

Some of the Baird’s Wrens must 
spend their whole life in Austin, as 
they are seen all through the year flit- 
ting about in the gardens. 


CAROLINA WREN. 
Thryothorus ludovictianus. 


An abundant bird in the bottom 
land. The Carolina Wren is another 
fine singer, but spends too much time in 
scolding Owls and Crows. Often es- 
pecially in the Spring you can hear a 
him perched high on a topmost 
twig of some tall pecan tree pouring 
forth his melodions song. This bird 
cannot be particular in its choice of a 
nesting place, for their nests have been 
found in hollow logs, under the cornice 
of a house, in a can placed in small oak 
tree, and in a crevice in arock wall. I 
think the hollow log suits it best as 
Most of the nests found here were in 
them. ‘The nest is usually composed of 
twigs, grass, weeds, leaves, cotton, 
wool, rags, and hair, but in several in- 
stances I have found it to consist whol- 
ly of wool and hair. There is not as 
much variation in the eggs of this. 
species, as found in others. Rarely an 
albino is found in a clutch. The ground 
eolor is white, spotted thickly and fine- 
ly with specks of reddish brown, and 
salmon, with light spots of lilac, gener- 
ally forming an irregular ring around 
thelarger end. The ground color is 
usually concealed. Fresh eggs may be 
found from April Ist to May 15th. The 
Carolina Wren stays here in Travis. 
county, both winter and summer, as do, 
most all the breeding Wrens. 

JAMES M. ODELL, JR., 
Austin, Travis. Co., Texas. 


THE OOLOGIST. 281 


DEATH OF BENJ. F. GOSS. 


Expires Suddenly at His Home in Pewaukee. 
Benjamin F. Goss. one of the fore- 
most ornithologists of this country,died 
at his home in Pewaukee. Wis. Thurs- 
day. June 6 last, aged 70 years. Death 
was caused by heart disease and was 
sudden and unexpected, though he had 
been in poor health for some time. 

Mr. Goss was born in Lancester, N. 
H , in 1823. He learned the printer’s 
trade there, and in 1841 came to Wis- 
consiu, where he worked at his trade in 
Milwaukee fora year. In 1842 he took 
up land in Pewaukee and engaged in 
farming. In 1855 he was a member of 
the Wisconsin assembly. At the expir- 
ation of his term of office he moved to 
Freeport, Ill., where with his brother 
N.S. Goss he carried on a grocery store 
fora year. He then went to Waverly, 
Iowa, and was in the real estate busi- 
ness fortwo years. Thenhe moved to 
Neosha Falls, Kas., where in company 
with his brother and others he bought 
a lot of land, laid out the town, erected 
mills and made extensive improvments. 
He remained in business there until 
‘October, 1861, when he raised a com- 
ipany of cavalry, of which he was elect- 
‘ed captain. The company was muster- 
‘ed into service as Co. F, ninth Kansas 
cavalry, and served until January, 1865. 

Shortly after returning from the war 
Mr. Goss returned to Pewaukee where 
he engaged in the general mercantile 
business in which he continued until a 
few years ago when he retired but still 
amade Pewaukee his home. 

His character was of the highest, 
‘thoroughly honest and reliable in every 
situation. His disposition was modest 
and retiring and his heart was kind. 
He enjoyed the highest respect and es- 
teem of all with whom he came in con- 
tact. 

As a scientist Mr. Goss takes. high 
rank. He was one of the foremost or- 
nitnologists of this country. He had a 


magnificent collection of birds which at 
his death a short time ago he bequeath- 
ed*to the state of Kansas. He had 
one of the finest collections of birds 
eggs outside the Smithsonian Institute. 

From an article written by Mary E. 
Stewart, a personal friend of Mr. Goss, 
and printed in Yenowines News three 
years ago, we copy the following inter- 
esting items concerning his scientific 
career: 

“B.F. Goss was not more than 18 
years old when he began a correspon- 
denee with the Smithsonian Institute, 
Agassiz and other scientists, which has 
been since continued, as occasion made 
it desirable. His brother, Col. N. S. 
Goss was‘not behind him in any res- 
pect. Mr. Goss was entitled to the dis- 
tinction of Captain, but lis modesty 
caused him to prefer being addressed as 
Mr. Goss. 

Mr. Goss paid more particular atten- 
tion to the eggs, nests and nesting hab- 
its of birds,and Col. N.S.Goss made the 
birds themselves his more special study. 
In pursuit of this study they have trav- 
eled—often together—nearly all over 
North America, including Mexico and 
parts-of Cuba, besides. They worked 
with and for each other, and together 
have made such careful notes of their 
work as would furnish material for the 
most complete ornithology of North 
American birds extant- Mr. Goss,upon 
being asked why he did not publish it 
replied that at his age he did not wish 
to undertake so arduous a work, but 
would leave his notes for some younger 
man who may take sufficient interest to 
make such use of them. Mr. Goss at 
first collected for himself. but found 
such pleasure in it that he soon began 
collecting for others. I can remember 
well the delight 1 felt when a child on 
being shown a low chamber above the 
store, fitted wp with branches of trees: 
and sanded floor, and numbers of birds 
flying freely about and singing, or sit- 
ting on their nests which they had built 
where they pleased. Mr. Goss is very 


282 THE OOLOGIST. 


genial, and will entertain one for hours 
delightfully in relating incidents and 
experiences in the course of his jour- 
neys for study. His ancedotes, collect- 
ed would make an interesting book. 

“Mr. Goss has his collection in a 
large pleasant room in his residence. 
He has given a duplicate to the Public 
Musuem in Milwaukee. Besides his 
collection of eggs, Mr. Goss has many 
fine specimens of butterflies, moths and 
beetles. He began this collection for a 
daughter, an only child, of whom he 
has since been bereaved. He continues 
collecting. however, to fill up the time 
when he cannot be ‘‘birdnesting.” His 
collection of eggs is now so complete 
that it is a rare pleasure to come across 
anewspecimen. He has a large cabin- 
et full of various specimens of interest 
and beauty, which he ealls Mrs. Goss’ 
collection.” 


> 4 <P he 


A Day in the Woods. 


By Dr. A. G. PRILL. 

Having been very busy for some time 
during this Spring and consequently 
‘unable to study much the habits of our 
feathered songsters, it occured to me 
that a days outing, among the hills, 
would combine both recreation, and an 
excellent oppor.unity to secure a few 
sets of eggs. 

It was on the afternoon of June 3rd 
that I decided upon spending the next 
day in such a Manner and at once set 
about making the necessary arrange- 
ments. Before daylight on the follow- 
morning found me driving toward 
“Sweet Home,” a distance of about 16 
miles, arriving there at about 6 o’clock. 
Tate a hasty lunch and struck out for 
adjoining hills together with a friend. 
We soon entered_a deep grove of firs 
and had proceeded only a short distance 
when the dog (which I have failed to 
mention before) flushed a Sooty Grouse 
and proceeding to the place: we found a 


tine set of seven eggs. The nest was @ 
mere hollowin the ground lined with 
leaves at the roots of a clump of hazel 
bushes. This bird is a constant resi- 
dent but is not often seen during the 
winter months, as it ascends high up in 
the fir trees, feeding upon the buds and 
remaining there until about April. Ist, 
when a person is aware of their pres- 
ence again by the booming of the males. 
This continues along well into May. It 
is during this season that the Grouse 
are hunted much, being easily located, 
ina tree and then one accustomed to 
finding them,‘ will have no difficulty in 
securing the bird. The birds do not 
descend to the ground until they cease 
booming, when they at once begin 
mating and proceed to nest. 

After carefully taking our notes and 
blowing thefeggs we again started for- 
ward and my friend soon flushed a 
Mountain Quail from her nest of 12 
cream colored eggs. ‘The bird fluttered 
along on the ground as if seriously in- 
jured, but being well aware of this pe- 
culiar habit of leading one astray from 
its nest, we did not follow it, but a few 
minutes search :revealed its nest in a. 
clump of dead ferns. This beautiful 
bird is also a constant resident and can 
be found at all seasons of the year. 
During a-fall snow many are caught in 
traps, as they are easily decoyed with 
wheat. 

Passing on again we soon entered a 
dense fir thicket in which we disturbed 
several Blue-fronted Jays, but as this 
was a late date for their nesting, we did 
not expect toSfind eggs and were very ° 
much surprised when on peering into a 
nest near the top of one of the firs to 
find four-beautiful eggs. The nest was 
made of course;dead fir twigs. loosely 
put together and lined with a few dry 
grasses and moss. This bird is exceed- 
Ingly noisy?even as much as the East- 
ern Jay, and just as bold. 

Three species of the Jay are found in 
this State, viz. Blue-fronted, Stellers and 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Oregon Jay. The latter is not common. 
In my observation I have found it 
rare, having only seen four birds in 
three years. ‘The two former both have 
erests, the latter has none and in color- 
ing much approaches the Eastern Bird. 

But Iam wandering from my subject. 
Passing on we soon enter an opening 
and bere we search deligently for a nest 
ofthe Ring Pheasant, but ave disap- 
pointed. A male with a brood of young, 
perbaps ten days old is seen. 

Coming next to a scrub oak grove, we 
search for nests of the Oregon Chicka- 
dee and are rewarded by finding two 
nes's in dead stubs, only a few feet 
above the ground. One contained six, 
the other seven beautiful eggs of a 
white ground color spotted with umber 
and brown chiefly at the larger end. 
This bird is quite common, but its nest 
is so welleoncealed in the forests and 
briar patches that it is not as often 
found as might be expected. [t had 
been a giorious morning, and we had 
been feasting upon Nature with all it’s 
beauty but it was approaching one 
o'clock, and the inner man began to 
feel the wants of refreshments At this 
point we came to the Santiam River 
and seating ourselves in a shady nook 
we proceeded to eat our lunch, which 
by the way it disappeared, was very ac- 
ceptable. 

During this time, however, a pair of 
American Dippers were flying back 
and forth near the bank, and we pro- 
ceeded to look for their nest. A short 
distance down from where we were sit- 
ting a log extended out over the water, 
and on the very end a ball of moss at- 
tracted our attention. My friend hast- 
ily scrambled out on the log but slipped 
and secured a ducking although the 
water was only about 2 feet deep. Not 
at all discouraged by this‘he waded out 
the balance of the way. But instead of 
four white eggs he found four young 
birds and they were not disturbed of 
course. 

This bird is common along our moun- 


283: 


tain streams but their nests are general-- 
ly not often found, resembling so much 
only a buneh of moss and many times 
are built in inaccessable places. After 
gathering up our baskets, we started 
homeward, flushing several Quail but 
no more nest were found of this specie. 
When uearly home we found a nest of 
the Red-shafted Flicker in a hollow 
stump some 40 feet high and seven pure 
white eggs were soon in my possession. 
Preparing these specimeus we soon 
reached my friend’s home. 

After having a hearty dinner I started: 
to drive home and reached there just at 
dusk and thus ended one of the most 
pleasant and profitable days of the: 
season. 


—e 


Bird Wit. and Lack of It. 


One of the chief attractions of the 
study of birds is the fact that they are 
not mere animated machines, living: 
over and over, a certain routine of life, 
but on the contrary, to a certain extent 
at least, are thinking and reasoning 
beings, differing one from another in. 
their personality and in the skill with 
whichthey adapt themselves to their 
environments 

To the new-comer from the East, one 
of the strange sights in this locality is: 
the abundance and familiarity of the- 
Blue Jay, and though like ‘‘Yorick” of: 
old, in most of his actions, he may 
prove “a fellow of infinite wit,” still in’ 
the choice of a nesting place he some 
times seems to be blessed with a plenti- 
fullack of it. I remember the only 
nest of this species I ever found in New 
England. It was ina scrubby pine in 
the deepest recesses of a large tract of 
timber land, and was only discovered 
by catching a glimpse of the old bird as 
she silently stole away. 

In this vicinity, where its experience 
with the white man, or rather boy, is 
measured by decades vather than cen- 
turies, itis much more confiding. A. 


“284 


pair nested last spring within 75 feet of 
my sitting room window, ia plain sight 
while incubating, and close beside the 
street where there were constant pass- 
ers by. Ihave found many of their 
nests here, and deem them fully as dom- 
‘esticated as the Robin, but I think its 
‘wits are getting sharpened, and in 
‘course of time it will be more like its 
‘eastern relatives. 
Another species, thatin my boyhood 
“days was a great favorite, is the Balti- 
more Oriole, and many times I looked 
with longing eyes at its nest, almost in- 
‘variably pendant from the extreme 
twigs of a drooping branch of some 
large elm, and about equally distant 
‘from the ground anu the body of 
the tree, but I recall one excep- 
tion, to this rele. 

An Oriole, it must have been the fam- 
ily dunce, or an extremely absent 
minded bird, built its nest attached to 
some twigs growing from the main 
trunk of a young apple tree, close to 
the house, and only six or seven feet 
from the ground; an easy step into the 
first crotch of the tree, and all the 
housekeeping arrangements were right 
under our eyes. 

A full set of eggs were laid and their 
very innocency would have saved them, 
but in the absence of the family some 
roaming boys raided the orehard and 
carried off the eggs. 

In this locality the favorite nesting 
place ofthis bird is the twigs near the 
top of some poplar or aspen; in many 
cases apparently easy to reach; bet no 
one who knows the brittle nature of 
this wood will rashly venture far from 
the ground, so they are rarely molested, 
and their bird wit it would seem, has 
lead them to take advantage of the fact, 
as I have never found the nest in an 
dak or other tough wooded tree. 

‘The Golden-winged Woodpecker is a 
‘bird that we would naturally suppose 
‘to be very conservative in its habits of 
house building, but I have in my col- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


lection a set of their eggs taken from a 
shallow hole in a sand bank; but in its 
limited experience it had not mastered. 
the laws of drainage, as have the King- 
fisher and Bank Swallow, so its. tunnel 
sloped in the wrong direction, and the 
unfortunate miner was incubating 
some hopelessly addled eggs in a pool 
of slimey mud. 

The story of the Chimney Swatlow 
forsaking its hollow tree for the white 
man’s chimney, is a ‘‘twice told tale,” 
but there are some of this species,who 
are not satisfied with this advance- 
ment, and still aspire to something 
better. Some years ago, in entering a 
deserted and entirely unlighted barn 
in northern New Hampshire, my at- 
tention was attracted by the twittering 
of birds and opening the doors I dis- 
covered a nest of this species attached 
to the side of the barn near the roof, 
access to the building being gained 
through a crevice in the siding; al- 
though as dark as any chimney, the 
bird doubtless appreciated the ample 
room and still more the shelter from 
drenching rains and the disastrous re- 
sults that so often fo.low to the ten- 
ants of a chimney. 

A day or two after, on visiting a 
friend about four miles from this barn 
I was much interested to observe a 
further advancement in this line. 

His barn, which was. constantly in 
use, being a typical farmer's barn, 
was much in favor with birds, in the 
basemeut a pair of Pewees were occupy- 
ing the same building site for the third 
year, upstairs some Barn Swallows 
were nesting on the tie beams, as they 
had for years, and against the end ol 
the barn opposite the big doors, a 
pair of Chimney Swallows were located 
for tne second year, their new nest be- 
ing built close to the one of the previ- 
ous year; here they nested in the full 
light of day, passing in and out the 
door along with the rest of-their assoc- 
iates. Wher. the young were targe 


THE OOLOGIST. 285 


enough,:they left the nest, clinging to 
the upright boarding while their par- 


ents eared for them. The house was 
built 2zround a huge, old fashioned 


chimney, and looking up from the fire- 
place the remains of old nests could be 
seen, but when the barn was occupied, 
the chimney was abandoned. 

Unhappily, fire afterwards destroyed 
the barn, the owner himself perishing 
in the flames, and this movement for 
the amelioration of the condition of 
Chimney Swallows came to an end. 

If time allowed I could cite various 
other incidents, but I think I have 
written enough to show the reason for 
the interest which many of us have in 
our feathered friends. 

FRANK H. NUTTER, 
Minneapolis, Minn. 
——__—_+ e =. 


August Contest. 


Prize winners and credits received 
by each were as follows: 

1. Nesting Habits of-+ the 
Plunger, 202. 

2. Hash, 120. 

3. The Long-crested Jay in; Colora- 
do, 101. 

4. Nesting Habits of Scissor-tailed 
Flycatcher, 85. 

5. Scenes from:the Life of Alex. 
Wilson, 79. 


Hades 


The article ‘“‘Black Tern” was award-, 


ed one year’s subscription to the O6Lo- 
GIST. 

Below we name the winners of the 
Judges prizes and thé order in which 
they named the winning articles in 
their decision. No one named them in 
correct order. 

1. Herbert Sterzing, 94 San Jacinto 
St. Austin, Texas. 1, 2, 3,°5, 4. 

2. A. O. Garrett, 1425 Ky. St-, LLaw- 
rence, Kans.: 1, 2, 3, 5, 4. 

3. Henry R. Buck, Wethersfie!d, Ct. 
1, 2, 3, 5, 4: 

4. Clark Ijams, 400 N. 7th St., Terre 
Haute, Ind. <1, 3; 2, 4, 5: 

5. Edward Heller, 196 Rubidoux 
Ave., Riverside, Calif.G1, 3, 2, 4, 5. 

The winners of first, second and third 


prizes all voted alike, also of fourth 


and fifth prizes, hence they were 
awarded in order of priority. 

The following parties having named 
the winning articles but not close 
enough’to win other prizes were mailed 
a World’s Fair almanae, 

Arthur Lohman, Wis. 

Ed Doolittle, Ohio. 

I. H. Stratton, Ds. 

Robt. McPherson, Mass. 

A. W. Baylis, Iowa. 

L. R. Kirk, Jr., Md. 

Bert H. Douglas, Kansas. 

C. Barlow, Calif. 

Cyrus Crosby, New York. 

Edwin Warren, Jr. Calif. 

J.S. Square, Ont., Canada. 

David L. Savage, Iowa. 

J.S. Grifling, New York. 


An ERROR occurred in the article in 
September Oo.Loaisr entitled Cruising 
and Science, we giving the dimensions 
of.the ‘‘moulds” as “thirty-six inches 
when it should be ‘‘twenty-six” inches. 
Collectors building a canoe should ob- 
serve this. ED. 


@Qe~i THE i~D 


Internat! 


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PARISH MFG. CO., Parish, N. Y. 


286 THE OOLOGIST. 


Desirable Books... —s—™ 
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The Sportsman’s Paradise, or; the Lake Lands of Canada, 
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No. 1, Marvels of Animal Life. 225 pages illustrated. $1.75. 
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of price. F. H. LATTIN & CO., 


3,571 Cottage Grove Ave. | Chicago, Ill. 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the OoLoaist will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from Ri. 
R. Depot%—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and occupies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


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THE OOLOGIST. 


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Ripans Tabules are prepared from a prescription widely 
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If given a fair trial Ripans Tabules are an imieiliple cure; 
they contain nothing and are an economical remedy. 


One Gives Relief. 


A quarter-gross box will be sent, postage paid, on receipt 
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A Great 
BARGAIN 


20 Curiosities from all 
parts of the World, worth 
at retail rates $3.00, for 
$1.00 prepaid. 


Biewtree barl<«Calatonniaey ares 25 
Aullicatormtoothy iene ce: seta ene 15 
Lucky WOODY WAOIAN (GOO pos grcavcacac-- 15 
Sharkesoh eye. mane Ra Oe a Ae cect ae 10 
SHUN AGS IRE Pale A s5 ag gaa o dene oEe 15 
Cassia Seeds, package vhokbethaa baie trane fe See 15 
Blackeye Susanlcay saawer year 15 
TAINS OG ane iy, OE ee erate eee tena ee 15 
Redssear beans ovis ae ean aeaee cee ees 05 
Gicanyanine EIU IN rene teow Pails 5) Mea 05 
iBleedimestee there ser 5 tee ieo eee 05 
Beetle cmt eae eee ee eee ene 10 
Wesetableivory nutty - eee. ee 15 
Sharks) ootheyeuaie tiie ences 10 
Acormbannacleseaarecemceecacareocies 15 
SeaphOrse gee Ne MSR vee hee Rants 30 
SCT SMCTi oor Ra nit h Gee SHIN acy c 10 
Gooseibarnacle. see neces eee oe 25 
RSV OEE TUS} Oe aca er aati ORO ee AIA Paa UN SR Mir cesta A 10 
awash SAS AW ieeue Bere hesiaes eee Cate ote 35 
$3.00 


The above are all fine specimens and 
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For 25c. extra we will renew 
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1894 and send coupons, 

This offer only holds good to Dee. 1st 

- Address, 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., 
3,571 Cottage Grove Ave., 
- Chicago, Ill. 


BIRDS EGGS S 
CURIOS. Be 

SHELLS <> 
uaa alo 


262Mainst. Wake RGeR: eS 


THE OOLOGISY. 


Fossils, Agates, Shells, Corals 
and Curiosities. Cretaceous 
Fossils of Eastern Monta- 
naa Snecialty. 


a 


WN (UMS 
iN Vig 


ScapuHirEs Nopusus, M. and H. 


APOLE MAIS moan Soule tae eases ee eee eee 15 
AClACON ATES MU aba eee ree eee eee eee 15 


Baculites ovatus ...... 
Callista Deweyi ...... 
Dentalium gracile f 
Lele yorbareyey yoowbayp se a ee. als 
Volsella Meekiis = S205) Weyer eee ree 15 
WE MEN Syn oynbyom Oe) 15 
IMOceramus CONVEXUS! se -20 to .75 
GG Crisplis.: 2. S22 eee TS"tone5 
Tuiniattiay Commelina eee eee eee 


Margarita Nebrasensis.... 
Nucula cancellata._.......... 
SCapPHITESMMO GUS US ye eee eee eee ee 
Martesiay CUuneatai. 1s) eee 
PUSH S GIT PS O10 eee ee 
Fossil wood, containing Martesia, or Turnus.. 

AAO AEC We es a eee 25 tO .75 
Rock containing a variety of small fossils.25 to .50 
Tregonucarpus | nuts (tossil) size of Hickory 

n 


i vialetta Ese URN -20 tO .26 
Mossi leaves: soos yee eee 15 to .75 
AG@ALES; TOU Sn ee meer 10 to .50 
HS POLISHES es ee ees 25 to $2.00 
California Onyx, pollshee th es Hal auc 40 to $1.75 
RetoskeyvAca tei: (oi see in sees se oes 25 to .75 
HOSSEIN S eee ..15 tO .75 
Petrified wood ......... Li So A las 10 to .50 
AAI ZEG WO OG ease cess ee noe eee eRe, 10 to .50 
TOMA Eas es oes Ss sceedebcs esses soee coceeeen 10 to .25 
One Y=COMMOH avalen = hee 10 to .25 
Sponge lava, will float in water................ 15 to .50 
Lava, has been melted, and run like molasses 
CAT YA ES es i Ao ee 15 to .50 
Antelope horns, on upper part of skull, per 
OLEH pee Raa GES Ege sO cs $1.50 to $2.00 
Buffalo horns, per pair.................. ........50 to $1.50 
Rattles from Rattlesnake: ........................ 10 to .25 
Corals from Bahamas, Florida and Singapore 
Ba ON Ac Soh os MRR Re aes SE GUL Sg 25 to $2.00 


Small mixed shells from West Indes, per pint .50 
Large Assortment of showy American and 
HOMIES ISMN Sie eee 10 to $5.00 each 


10 ner cent discount on cash orders of 
$10.00 or more. 


Send for price lists. 
Homer Squyer, 
Mingusville, Reese NE, Montana. 


: at 
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VOL. X. 


ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1898. 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘“Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50c per 35 words. 
word. Nonotice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
‘“‘DEALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for ‘-Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


NOTICE.—Will exchange Prize Winning Sil- 
ver Laced Wyandott chicken. for any kind of 
hunting dog or gun. WALTER TEAGLE, 
1625 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—One three dollar Magic 
Lantern with six slides, will exchange for 
either stamps, old coins, Indian relics, shells 
birds eggs. stuffed birds, ete. Address, CHAS. 
C. TRYON, Avoca, Towa. 


WANTED.—A 2d hand copy of ‘‘Coues Key; . 


write, stating condition, edition and lowest 
Cash price, to BERTON A. GARRETT, Ball- 
ston Spa, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—First-class singles for 
sets with data. Will sell at one-half catalogue 
rates. Send lists. A.A. SCHOENHEIT, Box 
386, San Jose, Cal. 


WANTED.—U.S. stamps and Rugby foot- 
ball, have to ex. for same eggs. singles. R. V. 
N. DAVIS, Park St., Rutland, Vt. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A few’ first-class sets 
from this locality. would be pleased to hear 
from my old correspondents. C. B. JOHNSCN, 
Redwing, Minn. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Sets and singles to ex- 
change for same. RALPH MATTESON, 
114 EK. North St., Galesburg, Il. 


I HAVE eggs (singles) to ex. for good U. S. 
or Department stamps, alsoa few stamps for 
Same, R. V. N. DAVIS, Park St., Rutland,Vt. 


ATTENTION! Will exchange cash or equal 
value for Old U. S. stamps. Indian relies. Con- 
federate script, obsolete State Bank Notes, 
ete. Describe fully. ARTHUR LOHMAN, 
Two Riveys, Wise. 


EXCHANGE ;—150 Golden Days, Automatic 
Revolver, Hunting Knife, Sele Shot-gun.dark 
lantern, fishing tackle, and 2 cartrid ge belts, 32 
and 22 cal. Iwant 32 center fire single rifle, 
Marlin Repeater or Insertion barr-l, eggs. 
skins or locks, Merwin, Hulburt, Combined 
Shot gun and rifie preferred. All answered. 
HORACE FELL, 3658 Dearborn St., Chicago, 


EXCH ANGE.—First-class skins male and fe- 
male ofBlackSkimmer, Laughing Gull,Ccommon 
and Forster’s Terns. For Revolver or small 
Rite. THEODORE W. RICHARDS. M. D.. 
Columbia Road, Washington, D. C. 


FOR SALE.—Collection of 550 rare stamps 
valued 3c. to 15c., all valued over $16.00; sell 


for best offer Cash. Best references. All an- 
swered. Collector of Everything. Best Ex- 
changes.’ Correspondence wanted. Send ex- 


change offers. 


ARCHIE L. GOWEY, JR.. Dr- 
PERE, Wis. 


I HAVE several books on Geology. Zoology 
and Botany to exchange for books on Ornithol- 
ogy and Oology. ‘ Write me for particulars. 
PAUL B. DUNGAN, Hastings, Neb. 


STAMPS—25 varicties foreign stamps for ten 
varieties from one country. A specimen Helix 
(Aglaia) Fidelis (Gray) for 50 varieties foreign 
Stata Ds: FRED H. ANDRUS, Elkton, Douglas 
Co., Ore. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs to ex- 
change for same with full data or for any other 
curiosities. All letters answered; no cards 
wanted. J.S. & A. PYFER, Odell, Ne r. 


MUST SELL AT ONCE. My whole col- 
lection of eggs. about 75 varieties, valued at 
$25, in sets with datas. and a few singles, in- 
cluding No’s 685, 656, 580, 579. 572, 571. 557, 498, 
351, 324, 312, 306, 301. 251. 122, 36, ete. Will sell 
for best offer over $8. Write at once to, W. H. 
ASPINWALL, 1305 Riggs St.,Washington,D.C. 


EXCHANGE.—For best offer of Columbian 
postage stamps. Dante’s Inferno 74 illustra- 
tions. Bible Gallery 100 illustrations, both 10x12 
in., Medical Adviser 1008 pages illustrated. 
Milton’s Paradise lost illustrated. Address. 
THEODORE GINGO, Bernard, Dub. Co., Iowa. 


TO EXCHANGE.—One Tin type camera and 
one Steven’s pistol 22 cal. Will sell for cash or 
exchange for ‘“‘Columbian” stamps or Indian 
relics. Have some rare Confederate stamps 
Will sell at 12 Catalogue rates. Agents 50 per 
cent. commission. Willpay cash for cancelled 
Columbian Stamps. Write for my price list. 
W. C. PICKENS, Livingston, Ala, 


290 


A FERRET is wanted by WILLIE LABOR, 
798 Ist Ave., Lansingburg, N. Y. 


WANTED.—A pair of strapped climbing 
jrons ih good condition Will give inex°hange 
first-class sets with data of Long-eared Owl 1-4, 
Cooper’s Hawk 1-4 and Red-tail Hawk 1-3. All 
answered. WALTON MITCHELL, 534 Sum- 
mit Ave., St. Paul, Minn. 


WANTED.—To exchange Ist Class sets of eggs 
with data of Southern Californian birds with 
collectors of other localties. E. A. SHIVER, 
2)42 4th St., San Diego, Calif. 


FOR SALE—My collection of birds eggs, sets 
and singles, and shells (mostly land.) Value 
about one hundred dollars ($100.00), few dupli- 
cates. Those meaning business, enclose stamp 
for list. No exchange. FRED H. ANDRUS, 
Elkton, Douglas Co., Ore. 


“Dp Wlute. Ger. Silver Trimmed. Cost $8, 
for, Coues’ Key, Ridgway’s Manuel, or other 
book on Oology or cash, $5.00. C. F. STONE, 
Branchport, N. Y. 


FOR EVERY perfect Indian Bird Arrow 
Point sent me. I will send a well polished spec: - 
men of Orange Wood, MORSE HUMHE, Dear- 
born. Mich. 


HAVE several lbs. minerals and fossils also 
enriosities nests, few eggs, coins. etc., not sold 
yet. Willgo cheap for cash. Clarionet in A. 
{.. P. body type in good condition. R.M. DAL- 
RYMPLE, Baker, O. 


CHOICH STAMPS to exchange for eggs in 
sets and singles. Will give good exchange for 
copy of Coues’ Key, also cash for same. Send 
offers. EF. McKay, Girard, Kan. é 


SAY YOU! Wait a Minute! Every one 
sending me $t I will send free by registered 
mail 1 Confederate stamp listed at $3; or for 
20c. I will send one lisited at 50c. Old .U. S. 
stampsfor sale cheap. Agents send for my 
approved sheets 50 per cent. commission. I 
will pay cash for cancelled Columbian stamps. 
W.C. PICKENS, Livingston, Ala. 


NOTICE.—I have two Emue eggs to trade, 
one for best offer in eggs, (Singles) and the 
other for best offer in tree climbers. W. H. 
HILGLER, 147 W. 238d St., Los Angeles, Calif. 


WILL exchange a 3c. green playing cards 
valued at 2.50 for best offer in eggs. SAMUEL 
BARLBEU, Rising Sun, Md. 


I HAVE a fine collection of strictly first-class 
sets for sale at two-fifths New Standard Cata- 
logue prices. Parties meaning business write 
for lists. No attention paid to cards. L. J. 
DRENNAN. New Sharon, Iowa. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—6 doz Monroe Ink Eras- 
ing Pencils, also 4 of the Large Columbian 
Watches, gold plated, value $1.50e a, just the 
thing for collectors. Send list to pick from. 
CHARLES TUCKER, 84 St. Gregory St., Mt. 
Adams, Cincinnati, Ohio. 


A selected nest anda Set of two eggs, with 
fulland original data of Black-chinned Hum- 
mingbird sent postpaid for % .65. Ihave a few 
sets of 4% 44 Arctic Terns left at $ .06 per egg. 
A set of each Roseate, Common and Arctic 
Terns for $ .88. The holes in these eggs are a 
trifle large and I have decided to closes them 
out at cost. Five first-class bird Skins, no two 
alike, tor $ .55. Everything postpaid, JAMES 
P, BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


WANTED at once, 10,000 skins of the honest 
grade, called “‘trash” and ‘‘sweepings.” This 
grade of skins are not fit for cabinets or Col- 
lections, and collectors who have any on hand 
they would like to exchange for good. first-class 
specimens, please write stating how many you 
have. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGH.—Large number 
mounted birds, first-class work. correspon- 
dence solicited. WM. MICHELFELDER, Tax- 
idermist, Elizabeth, N. J. 


WANTED.—Spear Head Tobacco Tags, ~ will 
give good value for same,in all kinds of Natur- 
al History specimens. A. MOWBRAY SEM- 
PLE, Poynette, Wis. 


DAVIE’S Nests and Eggs,paper, last edition; 
Birds of Minnesota, by Hatch, Lattin’s Stand- 
ard Catalogue, and various O. and O. papers to 
exchange for books on Ornithology. WM. H. 
FISHER, 14 W. North Ave., Baltimore. Md. 


I HAVE a collection of California and East- 
ern eggs in sets with complete data amounting 
to $92. catalogue prices, and singles worth $11; 
a Coues’ Key in fine condition and Davie’s 
Nests and Eggs, clothbound as good as new, 
in latest edition; also Taxidermist and Oolo- 
gical tools. nests, etc. Will sell for best offer 
in cash or a good revolver. Would sell’ books, 
collection of singles, etc. senarately. All an- 
swered. Nocards, WM. J. ROLEER, San Ber 
nardino, Calif. 


WANTED.—Spearhead Tobacco Tags in lots 
of 10 or more. Will give loz. garnet sand, or 
25 Periwinkles from Lake Erie for every 10 
sent. A. R. OGDEN, Brocton, N. Y. 


A BARGAIN.—Collection tube 38 cal. for 12 
ga. gun, 100 brass shells, loader, wad.cutter de- 
capper and 200 primers. As goodas new. Will 
sell cheap. E. B. SCHRAGEH, Pontiac, Mich. 


WANTED.—Old Glory Cheroot certificates, 
will give foreign stamps, Chines? coins and 
eggs, or will pay 10 cts.each for same. F. R. 
NOBLE, Nashville, Tenn. 


WANTED. Orders for birds in the meat. 
During the winter months I can furnish many 
birds—20 kinds of ducks. hawks, owls, ete.. etc., - 
at very low rates. Send for price list. W. R. 
BROWN, Milton, Wis. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—Vols. 1, 2,3, 4 
andd“The Auk” bound. Vols. 6 and 7 un- 
bound. Vols. 1,2 and 3 ‘‘Random Notes on Na- 
tural History.” Vols. 1 YOUNG OOLOGIST and 
6.7, 8,9 and 10to date OOLOGIST: also the A. O. 
U. Code and Check list. HOWARD H. MC- 
ADAMS, Oak Bay, N. B. 


FOR EXCHANGE. I have the following 
sets to exchange for Sets not in my collection. 
Meadow-Lark 1-5, Black Vulture 1-2,Chachalaca 
1-3, Yell. bil. Cuckoo 1-4 1-5. Cardinal 1-4. Red- 
wing Blackbird 1-4, Brown Thrasher .-4,Mourn- 
ing Dove 1-2, Catbird 1-38, Blue Grosbeak 1-8, 
Yell. Breasted Chat 1-4, Crow 1-4. Green Heron 
1-4, Field Lark 1-4. English Sparrow 1-4. 

JAMES NEWELL, JR., Carthage, Mo. 


WANTED.—To exchange a collection of birds 
eggs value $75. or more, between 200 and 300 var- 
ieties, about 600 in all, part are second class in 
that they are end blown. Also some rare U.S. 
stamps and Indian relics, ete., Books, Papers 
and everything used by a taxidermist or oolo- 
gist. All for a good safety bicycle, gun, pistol. 
or will sell for cash. A great bargain. Address, 
ARTHUR DUGAN, First National Bank, West 
Point, Miss. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


WANTED.—A collection of perfect Indian 
arrow heads. with proper data, from New Eng- 
land States. Upper or Lower Canada. State 
terms. L. P. WILLIAMS, Redlands, Cal. 


NOTICE.—Persons having any U. S. Colum- 
bian postage stamps of the higher values to ex- 
change for U. S. stamps, Indian relics. etc.; or 
to sell, should write to GUY JOHNSTON, 
Eagle Hotel, Grand Rapids, Mich. 


I HAVE several founts of type, in good con- 
dition, and Century Magazine to exchange for 
eges in sets, Shot Gun, Rifle, Davie’s Key, etc. 
ROY CRIHFIELD, Avlanta, Ill. 


ILLINOIS. I would like the names and ad- 
dress of all interested in Ornithology and Oolo- 
gy, who have not already had correspondence 
With me, located in the northwestern and th 
eastern south central of this State, also from 
near the above from adjacent States. W. 4. 
LOUCKS, Peoria, Ills. 


KODAK No. 2. Ihave a Kodak No. 2, new 
upon which the seal has never been broken and 
loaded with 60 exposures. Sole leather carry- 
ing case. Cost $32.50. Will exchange for Side- 
board of equal value, or sell for $25.00 cash. 
ee ERaNE H. LATTIN, Gaines, Orleans 

Ov Nes. 


NOTICE.—I have Ridgway’s Manual, Ridg- 
way’s Nomenclature of Colors, Langille’s Our 
Birds in Haunts, Davie’s Nests and Eggs of N. 
A. Birds, Burrough’s works, Miller’s In Nest- 
ing Time, and other books on Ornithology for 
sale cheap for cash or exchange for books on 
Human Anatomy or Physiology. Make an of-” 
fer. EDW. P. CARLTON, 1019 University Ave., 
Madison, Wis. 


“INSTITUTIONES REI HARBARIA:” 3 
large vol.—leather—published in Paris in 1719. 
Vol. I contains 750 pages text. Vol. II and III, 
each contain about 250 pages of illustrations. 
Will exchange for $10.00 with of standard books 
on Natural History (ornithology preferred) on 
back vols. of the Auk. FRANK H. LATTIN, 
, Albion, N. Y. 


THE NIDIOLOGIST is the only illustrated 
monthly magazine of ornithology in America. 
Each issue contains four or five, or more, beau- 
tiful reproductions of nesting sites or of living 
. birds, with articles of striking interest from the 
best Collectors and ornithologists; 16 pages and 
cover; one dollar per year, with free exchange 
notice. Some of the illustrated articles which 
have already appeared are: A Rookery of the 
Man-o-war Bird, Nesting of Nuttall’sWoodpeck- 
er, A Trip to the Farallone Islands, Nesting of 
the Cinnamon Teal, A Rookery of the Great 
Blue Heron, Dr. Morris Gibbs (half-tone por- 
trait), Nesting of the Mallard Duck, Nesting of 
the Flamingo. Prominent among articles in 
the December number, will be one by Dr. R. W. 
Shufeldt on ‘“‘Remodeling the Great Auk’ (3 
half-tones of Great Auk and King Penguinns.) 
Says Robert Ridgway, ‘I like your magazine 
very much. The illustrations are particularly 
valuable.’ A sample copy to you for 10 cents, 
Silver; but better subscribe now and get the 
back numbers while they last. Address, H. R. 
TAYLOR, or NIDIOLOGIST. Alameda, Calif. 


H.-H. & C- S. Brimley, 
Collectors, 
Raleigh, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists, 


291 


COUES’ “KEY TON. A. BIRDS,” which we 
send prepaid for $7.50 would make one of the 
most desirable Xmus Gifts you could possibly 
make a Bird-loving Friend. This would ap- 
ply equally well to either of the following stan- 
dard publications: Ridgway’s ‘Manual of N. 
A. Birds,” at $7.50. Goss’s ‘‘Birds of Kansas,” 
at $6.00. Hornaday’s ‘Taxidermy and Zoologi- 
cal Collecting,” at $2.50. Langille’s “Our Birds 
in their Haunts,” at $2.25. Davie’s ‘Nests and 
Begs of N. A. Birds,” cloth. at $1.75. Or better 
still, Capt. Bendire’s new ‘Life Histories of N. 
A. Birds,’ PartI, at $10.00. Or the OOLOGIST 
for 1892, bound in cloth at $1.00. We can fur- 
nish any of these and many others. F. H. 
LATTIN &. CO., Albion. N. Y., or 3571 Cottage 


Grove Ave., Chicago, Ills. 

TR AYS If you want any of those extra 
ie heavy alligator covered 

square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at 
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- 
tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose 
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any 
size from 3 in.x3 in. to 8in.x 8in. We will ship 
by express at your expense in well assorted 
nests at $1.00 per 100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if 
you order special sizes and do not leave the 
assortment to us. they will cost you $1.50 per 
100 or $15.00 per 1000. ; 

Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, 
are less than cost. 

Weean furnish 3in.x3in..4in.x4 in.,5in.xd5in., 
6 in.x6 in.. 7 in x7 in.. and 8 in.x8 in. 

Order Quick if you want any of the World’s 
Fair Trays. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage 
Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. 


Can coin big money. Bran new 
plan. .Great craze. Just out. 
“Good side line.” Biggest chance © 
ever offered agents.salary or Com- 
Goods 


mission. Be quick. on 
credit. Samples.etc..Free. MUL- 
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust,Phila.,Pa. 


Circulars Cents 
Printed. ! per 
foresee: {O00 
For particulars address A.M. EDDY, 
Specialty Printer, Albion, N.Y. 


M Made in all styles and sizes, Lightest, 

x strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, fF 

Hl most accurate, most compact, and most 

@ modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. 
Catalogues mailed free by 


The Marlin Fire Arms Co., 


NEw HAven, Conn., U.S. 


Tae 


$10,000 "am 
IE 


In Shells, Curios, Specimens, 


and Souvenir Goods 


during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and 
this stock is a Surplus one. 

The above hits our case exactly and we have more “than. this 
amount ‘‘tied up’ insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s 
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do 
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the 
expense of shipping them there. 

If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10, 
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup- 
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col- 
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up- 
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a 
full and complete Dealer's stock, we now ofter you an opportunity 
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact 
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly 


50 per cent. Less 
«_ Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices.» 


Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up- 
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per 
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. 

Address us.at either: Albion, N. Y.,,or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove 
Ave., Chicago, or if within 100 miles of either place, call. It will 
pay you. 

Faithfully, 


F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


_ THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. X. ALBION, N 
Some Notes on the Wild Turkey. 


One of the greatest gifts which Amer- 
ica has bestowed upon the world is the 
Turkey. 

We are told that it was first taken 
from this country by aSpaniard who in 
‘the sixteenth century removed a few 
from Mexico to Spain. Afterwards it 
was imported into France and England. 
These magnificent birds were once dis- 
tributed generally throughout Eastern 
and Central United States; but being 
such large and handsome game birds 
their forms have disappeared from 
many parts of our country. A good 
many years ago when this portion of 
North Carolina was new, Turkeys were 
abundant. But the single farms be- 
came settlements and settlements grew 
to towns, and as time went on the coun- 
try became more and more thickly peo- 


pled. As white men increased Turkeys 
decreased. Some years ago by a new 


stock law all cattle were obliged to be 
kept up instead of being allowed to run 
at large as they had hitberto done. 
“This was the salvation of the Turkey, 
for a time at least. The old out-lying 
sage fields were no longer burned over 
to provide fresh pasture lands, and the 
long grass and underbrush that had 
been kept down by the cattle sprang up 
thickly, thus affording cover for the 
‘persecuted fowls. Their numbers in 
this section have since then increased. 
I have even shot at wild Turkeys in the 
Spring within sound of the college bell. 
An old hunter named Jessup with his 
two sons, living a few miles north of 
here, for the last four or five years kill- 
ed forty or fifty Turkeys each season. 
One of the boys alone bagged over thir- 
ty Jast winter. They report, however, 
that each winter they are obliged to go 


S NG UNKON AG leh}. 


NO. 11 


farther and hunt closer than was nec- 
essary the winter before. During the 
Christmas holidays of ‘91 three of the 
students and myself who remained over 
for the spring term, started off for a 
Turkey hunt. I was promised all the 
Turkeys that should be killed by the 
party for specimens. Our plan was to 
reach Jessup’s about dark, get one of 
the boys to accompany us, push on 
four or five miles into the very heart of 
the Turkey country and camp for the 
night in the woods. Arriving at the 
old ‘‘Tar-heel’s” house a little after 
dark, the old gentleman amuse us by 
telling of his war experiences, while 
Dan was busy loading his shells. After 
half an hourspent in relating thrilling 
adventures, he paused and sat looking 
into the fire fighting over again in his 
mind the battles of ’63 and ’64. One of 
the boys taking advantage of the sil- 
ence said, “Mr. Jessup were you in the 
battle of Marathon?” ‘Wall no,’ re- 
plied the old man, ‘‘I war in Lee’s army 
and dat battle wer fought: over in Vir- 
ginia somewhar, I heared about hit at ~ 
de time.”’— 
Just at daybreak next morning Dan 
and myself parted’ company in the 
woods. I crossed a creek and went up 
on the hill according to his directions, 
while he went farther down. The 
other three men were posted back up 
the creek. Upon reaching the heavy 
growth of pines to which I had heen 
directed, I threw myself down upon 
the pine needles, Jet my heels kick 
about in the air and munched the re- 
menants of my last biscuit. Only a 
few’ minutes had elapsed when there 
was a sound of heavy flapping and three 
ereat birds sailed by; one alighting in a 
tree within ten yards of where I lay; 
the other two passed farther up the 
ereek and likewise lit. Cautiously ris- 


294 


ing and taking rest on the side of a tree 
an ounce and a half of large shot was 
soon whizzing full at it’s breast. Rush- 
ing out from under the smoke with ex- 
tended arms prepared to catch it as it 
fell l was somewhat surprised not to 
say shocked to see my bird flopping off 
over the tree tops and on up the creek 
after the others. Presently Dan came 
by and went on up the creek. Ina few 
minutes his gun spoke and a little later 
he fired again. Before long he appeared 
carrying a fine Turkey hen by the neck. 
Upon approaching he remarked, Gillie, 
here is a fine Turkey for you to stuff, 
*hant hurt a bit for stufftin, I shot her in 
the head a purpose for yon.’ The back 
of the head and skin for four inches 
down the neck was all shot away,—a 
nice specimen indeed. 

It began drizzling rain soon and al- 
though Turkeys were seen twice after 
this, luck for the day was gone. The 
tail ef that Turkey hen I still preserve 
as a memento of the trip. Last Novem- 
ber, the day before Thanksgiving, Dan 
drove up in his spring wagon with a 
handsome pair of Turkeys. So all 
Thanksgiving day and for two succeed- 
ing days there were the sounds of nail- 
ing, filing, and other sounds which ac- 
company the mounting of large birds. 
The measurements of the ma e were as 
follows, length 47 inches, extended 
wings 62 inches, tail 17 inches, spurs 
1 inch, weight twenty-four hours after 
being killed 16 pounds. The other was 
a young bird weighing only 8 pounds. 

T. GILBERT PEARSON, 
Guilford College, N.C. 


Raptores of Michigan. 


By SCOLOPAX. 

AMERICAN ROUGH-LEGGED Hawk. Ar- 
chibuteo lagopus sancti-johannis (Gmel) 
This largest of our Hawks can never be 
considered as common in our state, and 
though all collectors of experience have 


THE OOLOG.ST. 


met with it, yet there are two or three 
published lists of Michigan birds which 
fail to embrace it. It has been known 
here since Sager’s pioneer list was pub- 
lished in 1839, and has been recorded 
in nearly all the more recent catalogues 
of Michigan birds as well as by Dr. 
Miles, 1860. 

Only one authority, Covert, gives this 
Hawk as ‘‘very common ‘in the fall,” 
which is undoubtedly an error. I do 
not think the bird is ever common in 
our state. It is evidently a transient 
with us, appearing in February, March 
and into April on its way north, and 
aindoubtedly passing to the extreme. 
north, or at least into British territory 
to breed. Returning south it is more 
common in November, but is found in 
October and also in December. 

My lamented friend Dr. Atkins re- 
ported finding a nest of this Hawk in 
Ingham Co., May 18, 1876 but the note 
is not reliable, the doctor having 
evidently erred in his identification. 


Ludwig Kumlein of Milton College, 
Wisconsin also reports finding two 


nests in Wisconsin. 

It is fair to say that this Hawk does 
not nest in the Great Lake Region in 
the States, if at all, at least so rarely 
that nothing is known of its breeding 
habits in Michigan or adjacent states. 
Mr. R. MacFarlane took a set of two 
eggs June 9, 1864 on the Anderson River 
in Arctic America and everything in- 
dicates that the species nests at least 
north of the fiftieth parallel. 

Jerome Trombley records this Hawk 
as an occasioual spring visitor to Mon- 
roe County in the south-eastern corner 
of the state. Later he says in direct 


contradicton. ‘‘Rare, and only in 
winter.’ A. H. Boies captured a spec- 


imen in Lenawee County, Noy. 5, 1879. 
In Kalamazoo County it has been taken 
as late as April 17thin the spring and 
on December 22d in the fall migrations. 
A large female specimen brought to me 
in the winter contained all the parts of 


THE OOLOGIST. 295, 


a full-sized red squirrel which had been 
but slightly mutilated. It has been rec- 
orded from Iron Mountain, U. P- Oct. 
20, 92. S.E. White records the bird 
from Kent County and Macinac Island. 
We can safely say that this Hawk is 
quite generally distributed over our 
state both spring and fall; and it is 
equally fair to assert that it is very 
rarely or never seen within our bound- 
aries in Jnne, July and August.  Col- 
lectors of Michigan know nothing of its 
eggs. 

GOLDEN EAGLE, Aquills chrysaetos 
(Linn). The earlier lists do not em- 
brace this Eagle as a Michigan species. 

Sager, 1839 and Miles 1860 both omit 
it in the Geological Report of the State. 
D. D. Hughes records the capture of 
two specimens. Many records have 
reached me which I feel unsafe in giv- 
ing, for 1 am aware that the error is 
not rarely made of mistaking the im- 
mature (total brown) plumage of the 
Bald Eagle for the Golden. This is so 
common a mistake that I will mention 
a mark of identity so that your readers 
will not fall into the same error. In 
the Golden Eagle the tarsus, which is 
exposed in the Bald Eagle, is feathered 
to the toes. 

This bird though a rare straggler 
frony the North, has been taken often 
enough in various parts of the State, to 
the extreme Southern border, to con- 
vince us that it is quite well distributed 
in its wanderings. Butler in his ‘Birds 
of Indiana’ credits it as a ‘‘winter vis- 
itor’’ in that state. 

One authet vives it the probabili y 
of nesting in our Upper eninsula, 
which seems reasonable when we learn 


that ‘sEagle is known to be a resi- 
dent in aine, New Hampshire and 
Vermont. None of these states extend 


as far north as Michigan; however it 
must be borne in mind that there are 
many mountain sections in New Eng- 


land, whereas the Eagles who prefer 


such a surface, are denied territory of 
this nature in the Peninsular State. 

As soon as records can be regularly 
made in May and June it will be fair to 
consider the Golden Eagle a resident 
but as long as the captures range from 
November to March only we must doubt 
the propriety of recording it as breed- 
ing. 

BALD EAGLE; WHITE-HEADED EAGLE, 
Hualiwetus leucocephalus. (Linn). This 
majestic bird is comparitively well 
known to all veteran collectors and 
hunters, for,although it is now generally 
a straggler, or, perhaps, we may say, 
migrant, or transient in Michigan,south 
of the 48d parallel, still itis seen often 
enough, more particularly in the 
autumn, to be looked upon as a bird of 
even our southern boundary. I have 
heard so many stories about Eagle’s 
nests within a few miles of this city 
that I do not feel like disputing the as- 
sertions; still all of the reported nesting 
sites which I have looked up have prov- 
en to be deserted. There is no doubt 
that the Bald-headed Eagle once reared 
its young about the lakes of the interior 
of the extreme southern part of the 
state as it is now found breeding at the 
north. Butler in his ‘Birds of Indiana’ 
says that this Eagle is still locally dis- 
tributed in that state, and reports that 
it has been found nesting in six coun- 
ties. 

Young were taken in Ingham County 
Michigan and the birds raised to matur- 
ity by Professor W. K. Kedzie of the 
Agricultural College. At the north the 
birds are well known and numerous in- 
stances of nesting are recorded. As an 
illustration of the variation in the nest- 
ing time of birds in different localities 
the following notes are offered: In 
March, 1891 two full-grown young Bald 
Eagles were shown me in confinement 
on the Indian River, Florida. When 
we consider the time required to hatch 
the eggs and bring the nestlings to this 
advanced stage, at least twelve to four- 


296 


teen weeks, we may assert that the first 
egg was laid by December first. In late 
July of the same year I saw an equal 
sized pair of young Eagles which were 
but just removed fromthe nest on the 
Cheneaux Islands, Macinac Straits in 
the Great, Lakes. These instances show 
difference of three to four months in the 
time of nesting between Northern Mich- 
igan and Middle Florida. 

AMBRICAN BARN Owl, Sérix pratin- 
colv Bonaparte. Thisis a rare Michi- 
gan species and I cannot add any notes 
concerning it as I have never met with 
the bird. Jam perfectly satished hat 
a humber of notes which have been 
given me by inaccurate observers, re- 
ferred to some other species, more pro- 
bably the Barred Owl. 

A. H. Boies records it from Southern 
Michigan and says it is a resident. Cov- 
ert mentions this Owl.as ‘‘an acciden al 
visitor.’ J. D. Allen shot one in Va 
Buren County. Chas. E. Bendire in the 
Smithsonian Contribution to Know- 
-ledge, Vol. xxviii p. 825 says this Owl 
is found at Saul Ste. Marie. 

It is highly probable that the Barn 
Owl 


is only a strageler within our 
boundaries. 

AMBPRICAN LONG-EARED Owl, <Asio 

wilsonianus (less). This Owl can 


hardly ever be called common but is al- 
ways to be found in certain sections in 
the right kind of land and woods. It 
was known as early as 1839 in our state 
when Dr: Sager recorded it in the 
Michigan Geological Report. Since 
then it has appeared in all State lists 
and in most local catalogues. It is a 
resident as are all of our Owls with 
three or four exceptions of winter vis- 
itors from the north and the straggler 
mentioned above. Some collectors 
claim that this Ow] withdraws to the 
south in very cold weather. 

A. E. Chambers of Kalamazoo found 
a nest near this city. The date was 
April 27, 1878, and the nest was situa- 
ted about forty feet from the ground. in 


. Fr 


‘THE OOLOGIST. 


-a tamarack in a low swampy section of 


land. It was built nearly at the top 
and where the body or trunk of the 
tree was not over three inches in diam- 
eter. The extreme top of the tree had 
been broken off and the limbs coming 
up at the sides gave support to the nest. 
The structure was composed of dead 
tamarack twigs of a size up to that of 
alead pencil. It was a bulky affair 
and nearly or quite eighteen inches in 
diameter; external depth ten inches or 
more and internal depth six inches. 
The interior was softly and plentifully 
lined with feathers and the inside pre- 
sented a marked contrast to the exterior 
in appearance. 

The old bird could not be seen till she 


~ flew off which she failed to do until he 


was within a few feet of the nest.. She 
kept near at hand for several minutes 
flew in short circles over the despoiler. 
After descending the female was secured 
but the male, who appeared on the 
scene, was too shy to be taken. 

Six white, nearly spherical fresh eggs 
were found deposited on or in the bed 
of feathers, and as nicely provided with 
warm covering as is ever tound. An- 
other nest found May 22 of the same 
year contained five young ones about to 
leave the nest: This nest constructed 
like the other was situated in the top of 
an ash stub about twenty feet from the 
ground. We attempted to rear some of 
the young but failed although good sue- 
cess has attended our efforts with the 
Great-horned Owls. 

These structures were evidently old 
Crow’s nests which had been repaired 
and lined by the Owls, but I will not 
vouch for this peculiarity. Several 
writers speak of this habit and it is 
reasonable to admit of it when we con- 
sider odd choice of the Great-horned 
Owl. 

The Long-eared Owl is found in 
swamps and low woods, and ualike the 
Screech Owl is never to my knowledge 
in upland oak woods. It is much more 


THE OOLOGIST. 297 


comman in suitable sections than is 
generally supposed, but as it isa noctur- 
nal species it is rarely met with. In 
tamarack swamps and well removed 
from all habitations the Long-ear finds 
its food and makes its home, and in 
these situations the birds may live un- 
disturbed for ages and remain unknown 
to all the inhabitants of the neighbor- 
hood; until at last comes the persistent 
egg-crank, who invades the swamp and 
brings in the birds and eggs.” 

This Owlhas a very uncanny series 
of notes, which, when uttered in the 
depths of a forest, and in the solitude of 
a lonesome spot on a dark night are in- 
elined to make a boy or man feel skeery. 
The song, for song I suppose it truly is, 
is terribly weird, and will make any 
person jump at first. 

On one occasion I was tramping and 
collecting in the month of May and on 
finding myself a long distance from 
home resolved to camp in the woods as 
Ihad often done before. Selecting a 
protected position by the side of a log 
[built a fire and ‘turned in with some 
dry leaves for a matress and the sky 

and foliage for a counterpane. With 
my gun at my side I was just falling in- 
to that pleasant state bordering on sleep 
when from almost exactly above my 
extemporized bed chamber came the 
most unearthly, devilish noise that I 
ever heard. Youcould not call it a 
shriek, yell, scream or any other sound 
which man can make, or which could 
be made by any creature of this world 
known to civilization. 

My readers may think that they have 
been frightened some time in their lives, 
but it is to be doubted if they were ever 
as seared as I for a mement. My scalp 
solidified and straightened up ‘each 
particular hair’, of my head until if 
know that my head looked like a brush- 
pile. 

Of course my terror was all over in 
a couple of seconds after that nocturnal 
loyer had finished his ditty, but for an 


instant I think I was as badly scared as 
any boy ever was. I knew it was an 
owl, and I was sure it was harmless and 
I was not a coward by any means—but 
catching me as it did, and before I had 
the power to realize, it scared me as 
badly or worse than a cougar’s scream, 
a lion’s roar, or the war whoop of a 
band of red-skins could have done. 


+> —+ 


With the Prairie Warbler. 


By THEODORE W. RicHARDS, M. D. 


Of the various birds breeding here- 
abouts which from an Odlogist’s stand- 
point may be called ‘‘desirable’’ none 
can be found to better advantage than 
the Prairie Warbler. Arriving about 
the third week in April they soon be- 
come fairly common,and although many 
are but transients bound further north 
enough remain throughout the summer 
to make them the most numerous fam- 
ily, excepting of course the ever present 
Summer Warbler and perhaps the Black 
and White Creeper. But in spite of 
their numbers they are far from con- 
spicuous for besides their shy and re- 
tiring ways they are decidedly local in 
distribution and are prone to monopol- 
ize certain chosen spots to the entire ex- 
clusion of many others apparently 
quite as desirable. And thisis a trait, 
by the way, often noticeable in.a less 
degree with many other birds not com- 
monly regarded as sociable or inclined 
to colonize. I have no doubt this is 
largely a matter of food supply some 
places being more infested with their 
icsect prey than others. 

Once having located such a place dur- 
ing the breeding season the finding of 
the nests themselves is a matter of little 
difficulty to the ardent collector who 
has properly cultivated his ‘‘odlogieal 
eye,’’? and I shall always remember with 
keenest pleasure my first experience in 
such a spot. A large hilly field*had be- 
come overgrown with low, thick, serub 


298 


by oak and hickory saplings with here 
‘and there a small pine shrub, the whole 
forming a perfect paradiso for the 
Prairies, whose queer little wiry notes 
‘could constantly be heard. These notes 
are quite characteristic and easily re- 
cognized and are apt to be the only clue 
‘to the auther’s whereabouts, for discolor 
evidently has no wish to be ‘‘seen and 
not heard,’’ but quite the reverse. 

In their choice of nesting sites they 
again show little diversity, for with few 
exceptions the nests are built within 
five or six feet of the ground, usually in 
an upright crotch of three branches 
rather than two. One nest, the first 
found, was within one foot and a half 
of the ground. JI may mention here, 
however, a case coming under my ob- 
servation in north-eastern Pennsylvania 
which is quite exceptional so far as my 
experience runs, namely a gnest of this 
species in the very tip top of a maple, 
at least fifty feet high. It was quite in- 
visible from the ground and was only 
discovered by chance during an unsuc- 
-cesful prey upon a pair of Hummers, 
whose bunch of lichen, alas, was unas- 
sailable by anything short of wings. 

Although in the locality referred to 
above most of our specimens were tak- 
en in the hardwood saplings, a large 
proportion of the scattering pines also 
held nests. 

While as has been mentioned the 
birds are usually shy and retiring, they 
are fearless enough when the nest is 
onee obviously discovered, and once 
they decide upon a nesting site they 
cling to it with great attachment, for 
though we frequently disturbed them 
while building or flured them from in- 
‘complete sets in no instance did the 
parents abandon nest or eggs as so fre- 
quently happens with some species. 

The nests themselves are quite firm 
and compact but hardly so neatly put 
together as one would expect from such 
trim little housekeepers, and usually 
there was little trouble in distinguish- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ing them from those of the Summer 
Yellow Bird, which also nested abund- 
antly. 

The number of eggs was four ex- 
cept two sets of three, no nest holding 
five though according to most collectors 
this is not uncommon. 

As last season J had no opportunity 
to visit my Prairies, next year I will 
pay them special attention to attone for 
my apparent neglect. 

Migration. 

The so called migratory instinet in 
birds has occasioned much speculation 
among thoughtful persons. A great 
deal has been written on this subject, 
but the basis of truth, I believe, has not, 
as yet, been satisfactorily reached. It 
is a remarkable and a well established 
fact that certain birds journey from 
one locality to another at particular sea- 
sons of the year and also that a period- 
icity of motion is observed. In fact, 
custom has made this periodical return 
of the birds of passage to there old 
haunts so certain that ornithologists are 
able to forecast, within afew days, the 
time such and such birds are to arrive. 
Further that the motion of many of the 
migratory birds is augmented or re- 
tarded, according to circumstances, by 
meteorological changes, has been sub- 
stantially corroborated. That knowl- 
edge and reason are used by the birds 
during their migrations is very evident, 
but it has been found necessary, as a 
rule, to revert to instinet to account for 
the fundimentalimpetus which governs 
their seasonal movement. 

When we observe or learn of the 
movements of the Bald Eagle, the Os- 
prey or any of the other large birds 
which habitually frequent the sea-coast 
or large water courses we do not won- 
der that they are able to winter ina 
semi-tropical clime and to return to 
their old breeding places in the spring. 
These birds can easily follow the sea - 


THE COLOGIST. 299 


‘coast in the eastand west, and the great 
river and its tributaries in the Mississ- 
ippi valley. But when instances come 
to our notice that the minute hummers 
have been known to return to the same 
tree ufter wintering in the far south we 
vannot do otherwise than to marvel 
thereat. 

Then we recall to mind the story that 
is told of a stork that was captured on 
or near its nest in Germany. The cap- 
tor put a copper band bearing date, 
town and country on the bird’s leg and 
then the prisoner was liberated. This 
was astrange thing to do but it was pro- 
ductive of a wonderful result. The 
next spring a stork returned to the same 
German breeding place and the captor 
of the previous year caught the newly 
arrived bird. The captor was much 
surprised to note that the new comer 
bore two copper bands on one leg. 
The first was the ring put on the year 
before, and it showed that the intelli- 
gent bird had returned to his old home. 
The second band told where the stork 
had been. An inscription on the ring 
read as follows ‘ India sends greeting 
to Germany.’ This evidenced the fact 
that the bird had been subjected to the 
indignity of capture in his Indian home, 
and there burdened with a second band. 
The first, no doubt, instigated the put- 
ting on of the second. 

Many wonderful espisodes of bird 
life, bearing on migration, might be 
mentioned but space forbids. 

Now as to the primary canse of the 
impulse which starts the birds to seek 
a change of climate. No doubt but 
what there is an occult sense possessed 
by them that we are unacqnainted with, 
and it must be very acute as it evidences 
a very delicate perception of thermal 
and moisture air currents. This sense 
is particularly apparent among the sea- 
birds, as some species are iniallable 
harbingers of an approaching stcrm. 
Old sailors often have more faith in 
them as prognosticators, than in the 
most modern barometers. 


To advance my theory regarding the 
aforementioned reason and knowledge 
as displayed by the migratory birds, I 
will say that they know that their heat 
and light are delivered from the sun; 
they know that when the solar orb ap-. 
parently sinks below the western hor- 
izon that the light is soon superceded 
by darkness and that a lower temper- 
ature is to prevail; they know that when 
the sun again appears daylight and 
warmth returns. When after the sum- 
mer solstic the great master of our sys- 
tem seems to recede, the factis noticed 
by them, and when the nights get too 
cold in the autumn the migratory birds 
move towards the apperantly retrograd- 
ing orb until a zone of warmth suflici- 
ent to satiate there bodily needs is 
reached. Of course, the sun all of the 
time appears to move from east to west 
but the birds know that his path across 
the sky lies to the south, and so they 
intelligently journey in that direction. 
A great deal of migrating is done by 
night wnen the sun is absent and the 
birds cannot then use him for their 
guide, but we will assume that they 
are able to maintain the general direc- 
tion of the great autumnal migration 
even if their shining light does divide 
his time with them and their antipodal 
congeners: 

In the spring when the sun seems to 


_ be moving north, the birds of passage, 


when the heat becomes too great for 
their comfort, move away from the 
solar orb until a clime congenial to 
them physically is reached, which rep- 
resents their northern or southern 
home. 5; 

The time and departure of the various 
Species is probably governed by their 
constitutions. That is, those that stay 
the latest in autumn and arrive first in 
the spring are the most hardy birds. 
Certain northern birds such as the 
Pine Grosbeak, Northern Waxwing, 
Crossbills etc. are only seen in south- 
ern New England in extremely cold 
winters. 


300 THE OOLOGIST. 


An abundance of some particular 
food often detains certain birds in the 
locality where it occurs, but in general 
the movements of the feathered tribe 
are influenced by heat and cold, and 
I think facts will support my thory that 
the sun isthe guide of the migratory 
birds in the great spring and autumn 
movements. 

The ingress of cold air with a wind 
from the north, and the influx of warm 
eurrents with southern breezes may 
teach the birds something, also change 
of folige, and old experienced birds 
may assist their youngar companions 
in migrating, but these are but minor 
influences, in comparison with that 
potent force exerted by our great cen- 
tral luminary. 


> + 


Sharp-shinned Hawk. 


Of the sworn enemies to the farmer, 
among this class of birds one of the 
most prominent is the Sharp-shined 
Hawk (Aceipiter velox). It’s distribu- 
tion may be said to generally corres- 
pond to that of it’s victim, the farmer, 
and in spite of all the persecution he 
endeavors to heap upon it the little 
Hawk continues to prosper and multi- 
ply, and is found distributea all over 
the United States, the British provin- 
ees, and is said to have even reached 
the icy regions of the Artic circle. 

The food of the Sharp-shinned Hawk 
consists mainly of small birds which it 
devours in large numbers, including 
the English Sparrow, certainly a re- 
deeming trait for the Hawk. 

This Hawk begins to nest in this loc- 
ality about the middle of May, gener- 
ally selecting as a building site some 
one of our coniferous trees, such as 
hemlock or cedar. It has also been 
claimed that this species will occasion- 
ally nidificate on rocks and in the cava- 
ties of trees. 

The first set of eggs of the Sharp- 
shined Hawk that I ever obtained was 


during the season of 1889 in Chester 
county, Pa. A friend and myself had . 
long searched for a set of eggs of this 
bird but our efforts: had always been in 
vain, until one day I was able to an- 
nounce to him that [had found a pair 
of Sharp-shinned Hawks building, he de- 
clared that I was mistaken ‘it was some 
other bird,’’ he said ‘‘probably a Coop- 
er’s Hawk.’’ However, I paid, oceas- 
ional visits to the locality, watched the 
birds and on May 28d, my friend ac- 
companing me went to the place, looal- 
ly known as Cedar Woods, and ob- 
tained a fine set of four eggs of the 
Sharp-shinned Hawk. The nest was 
placed in a cedar tree, about twenty 
feet up, and composed entirely of small 
twigs, with a ‘slight depression on the 
top to receive the eggs. 

Some writers assert that leaves, grass, 
moss, ete. enter into the composition of 
the nest but such was not the case in 
this one I found. Nests that I have since 
seen were built in the manner of the 
one above. 

The Sharp-shinned Havk is quite 
plentiful in Pennsylvania but can hard- 
ly be called common as a breeding bird, 
at least itis not so in this portion of 
the State. 

I know of but three other sets haying 
been taken in Chester county, two sets 
of five eggs each by Dr. Warren, State 
Ornithologist, and one set of three eggs 
by Mr. Thos. H. Jackson of West 
Chester. W. E. Rorzet, M. D. 

Narberth, Pa. 


>t <i 


A Nest (Plum) Full. 


June 11, 92.—Collected four eggs .of 
American Goldfinch from’ nest in fork 
of plum tree. As I did not think the 
set was complete I substituted. small 
green plums for the eggs taken. 

June 13th.—Collected another egg 
from Goldfinch nest making a set of 
five. FRED’ H. ANDRUS, 

Elkton, Ore. 


THE OOLOGIST. 301 


THE OOLocISsT. 


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>t 


Bluebirds of California. 


The Bluebirds are’ represented inCali- 
fornia by-two species, Sialia mexicana 
and S. arctica; the latter of which is 


rather the scarcer. In this, the south 
ern part of the State, they both nest in 
the mountains, but during the winter 
they come down into the village. Here 
they generally frequent the orchards 
and vineyards, especially the vineyards, 
but very seldom if ever do they, as east- 
ern birds, come around human _ habita- 
tion. The time of their migration 
seems to be governed by the weather of 
the mountains, for soon after the first 
snow in the moutains, they, with the 
Robins, are to be found in the village. 
Rost. E. SNODGRASS, 
Ontario, Cal. 


The Texas Sea-side Finch. 


April 19, 1892 found me in a large salt 
marsh looking for Sparrow nests. After 
a two mile tramp one nest was found, 
containing four fresh eggs. The ground 
color is white showing the faintest tinge 
of green; the markings are small dots 
sprinkled over the entire egg, mostly, 
however, at the larger end, of a red- 
brown color. The nest was loosely 
made of dead grass, lined with finer, 
and was very neatly worked in the 
heart of a tussock of salt grass, 11 in- 
ches above the water, which was four 
inches deep. Externally. the nest meas- 
ured 4¢ inches in diameter by 3 inches 
high; walls 14 inches thick; bottom 1% 
inches thick. Inside measured 2 inches 
diameter by 1+ inches deep. 

Very often the high spring tides wash 
the nest away, but nothing daunted the 
birds build a new nest, weaving it in 
the tops of rank grass or rushes, and if 
in the latter, using the leaves to dome 
the nest, or rather make a rainproof 
roof for it. When placed in this posi- 
tion the nests are hard to find, as they 
are woven of green grass in the shape 
of a ball, with the entrance on one side 
near the top. Asa general thing they 
prefer thick grass growing on edge of 
a small bayou. W. E. GROVER! 

Galveston, Texas. 


302 


Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch Raven, 
Baltimore Cc-, Md. 

Lake Roland, one of our Reservoirs, 
is situated seven milesfrom Baltimore, 
on the line of the Northern Central 
railroad. The elevation of water sur- 
face is 225 feet above tide water and at 
high water level it covers an area of 116 
acres. 

It is supplied by seven streams, vary- 
ing in size from one of only a few inch- 
es in width to one of about twenty feet 
wide. 

It is well stocked with Black Bass 
and Carp, but they get so much natural 
food that it is slow sport fishing for 
them. 

The long drouth in August aud Sep- 
tember of the present year (1893) made 
the water reach a low level of 12 ft. 9 
in. below its normal depth, and laid 
bare a large expanse of mud flats about 
the upper end. These have been cov- 
ered all summer by Shore birds of var- 
ious kinds. 

Another of our Reservoirs is Loch 
Raven, which is about 114 miles from 
Baltimore and is an enlargement of the 
Gunpowder Falls, formed by damming 
it up. 

The following are some of the birds 
noted at the two lakes from time to 
time, between August 19th to Septem- 
ber 4th. 

Podilymbus podiceps. Pied-billed 
Grebe. Three small Grebes were seen 
about 200 yards out on the lake and 
I took them to be of this kind. 

Sterna antillarum. Least Tern.— 
‘Several times while watching the birds 
I saw a pair of these little Terns at 
Lake Roland. They spent most of the 
time flying about over the water, dart- 
ing down to it at times in the shallow 
places. Sometimes they would spend 
a long time standing in the water 
where it was only an inch or two deep. 
Once I saw one of them dart down 
towards a flock of small Sandpipers 


THE OOLOGIST. 


scattering them asif they had seen a. 


Hawk. 

Anas obscura. Black Duck.—A 
young female of this species was shot 
at the head of Lake Roland, August 
28th. 

Ardea herodias. Great Blue Heron. 
Almost the whole summer a Great Blue 
Heron remained about Lake Roland, 
and once J saw a pair of them. ‘They 
were generally absent from about 10 
a.m. till 3 p. m., when they would put 
in their appearance and go to fishing 
along the edge of the mud. On several 
occasions I also saw one at Loch Raven. 

Ardea virescens. Green Heron.—One 
or two could always be seen about 
Lake Roland, and I found them mnch 
more plentiful at Loch Raven. 


Nycticorax nycticorax nevius. Black- 
crowned Night Heron.—August 19th 
in walking through the woods near 


Lake Roland I flushed a pair from the 
trees. I think several pairs of these 
birds nested in the vicinity of the lake 
although I was unable to find the place. 

Tringa minutilla. Least Sandpiper. 
On several occasions I saw about twen- 
ty-five of these little fellows feeding 
with a flock of larger birds of various 
kinds. 

Ereunetes pusillus. Semipalmated 
Sandpiper.—On August 19th there 
were only seven of these birds at Lake 
Roland, as far as I could ascertain. On 
the 20th there must have been between 
200 and 300, then they gradually disap- 
peared until on September 4th there 
were only about twenty to be seen. On 
August 26th I saw ten at Loch Raven 
and shot one. 

Totanus melanoleucus. Greater Yel- 
low-legs.—The only record I have was 
a single one seen at Loch Raven Aug- 
ust 26th. It was very wild and I was 
uot able to secure it. 

Totanus flavipes. Yellow-legs.—Aug- 
ust 19th I saw a flock feeding on mud 
flats at upper end of Lake Roland. 
While I was watching them one over- 


THE OOLOGIST. 303 


head whistled and on being answered 
by the others it joined them on the 
mud. These were by far the tamest 
and most unsuspecting of all the birds 
seen about the two lakes. August 29th 
saw a flock out onthe flats. September 
4th there was only one to beseen. 

Totanus solitarius. Solitary Sand- 
piper. Quite plentiful at both lakes. 
From twenty to thirty could be seen at 
almost any time. 

Bartramia longicauda. Bartramian 
Sandpiper.—Although these were not 
seen with the other birds on the flats, 
I mention them as they could always 
be seen sparingly in the pasture fields 
about Loch Raven. 

Actites macularia. Spotted Sand- 
piper.—These birds were very scarce 
about the lakes: they were more plen- 
tiful along the banks of the streams. 

Aegialites vocifera. Killdeer.—Very 
plentiful abont both lakes, but especial- 
ly Lake Roland. where there was a 
much larger range of mud flats. On 
August 19th while sitting on the 
bank, I counted fifty-two in sight at 
one time on a piece of mud about three 
acres in extent. 


Aegialitis semipalmata. Semipal- 
mated Plover.—August 29th I saw 
about a dozen of these little ‘‘Ring- 


necks” feeding on the flats with the 
other birds. 

Pandion halietus carolinensis. Amer- 
ican Osprey.—On several occasions I 
saw a pair about Loch Raven. 

Ceryle alcyon. Belted Kiugfisher.—A 
few seen about both lakes. 

Wo. H. FisHEr, 
Baltimore, Md. 


> 


The Game Bird of the Prairie. 


The birds of this section, Nebraska, 
are to a certain extent a connecting 
link between those of the east and those 
of the extreme west. In many instan- 
ces we find both the eastern and the 
western variety of the same bird. Yet 


this central section has a few birds pe- 
culiar to itself. Prominentamong these 
is the Prairie Hen. 

In this article I shall not use scientific 
terms but shall confine myself to homely 
expressions and comparisons, I think I 
can give a better general idea of my sub- 
ject in this way than any other. No 
doubt a large number of the readers of 
the ‘‘ O6LoGIstT ” are scientists and per- 
fectly familiar with Latin terms and 
technical phrases. Yet it is reasonable 
to suppose that many of the readers are 
more familiar with our birds themselves 
then with ornithology as a science. 

Have you ever heard that peculiar 
sound ealled the ‘‘ booming ” of Prairie 
Chickens; probably not. In order to 
hear it you must be in the country and 
get up before sunrise some morning 
about the first of May, this is the ma- 
ting season. The birds congregate in 
flocks of forty or fifty birds each and 
seek some grassy ridge somewhat apart 
from man, to do their love making. 
The long drawn booming sound is made 
by the males. They have quite a bel- 
lows of loose skin on the neck which 
they puff up, and tufts of feathers on 
the back of the head or neck. They 
erect these “horns,” lower the wings 
slightly spread the tail and strut about 
somewhat in the manner of a Turkey 
Gobbler,—giving words to their love- 
song, while the females keep time with 
their ka-kar-ka-ka-kar-r-r. A friend 
of mine, an old Englishman, once told 
me that the males were each trying to 
say ‘‘l’m-bigger-n-n-n-you ” and that 
their wives were laughing at the attempt. 
To sound like their booming, this big- 
ger-n-n-n-you must be read slowly and 
in a nasal tone, then itis a very good 
counterfeit. If you approach them 
openly, they take wing two or three at 
a time, before you get in shot gun range 
of them. What a whir of wings! For 
the sake of argument we will assume 
that you bag a bird or two. Let us 
take alookat them. ‘They are about 


304 


as large as small chickens. The heads 
are small, the beaks and feet nearly 
black, the plumage is dark and colored 
somewhat like that of the common quail. 
That is the feathers are barred with 
dark brown and light brown, with here 
and there a yellowish tint. The wings 
are small for such a heavy bird, but 
they make up for that by rapidity of 
motion. If you strip off the feathers 
the skin is found to be decidedly dark. 
In this case, color is more than skin 
decp for the flesh is extreemly dark, 
even after being cooked. Despite the 
eolor, Prairie Chicken is of an excellent 
flavor, especially if the bird is young 
and ‘‘ cooked just right.”’ 

Duriug the winter, they congregate 
in great flocks. A single flock often 
contains several hundred birds. When 
spring comes, they separate, each pair 
seeking a home in some unfrequented 
place. ‘There the nest is built on the 
ground, hidden by grass so that it is ex- 
tremely hard to find. In ‘‘early times,” 
prairie fires were very destructive to 
the nests and young. After a fire it 
was no uncommcu thing to see whole 
sets of scorched eggs on the bare ground. 

The number of eggs in a set varies 
from a dozen to over twenty: They 
have the general appearance of com- 
mon barn-yard guineas eggs. The col- 
or being nearly the same as that which 
coffee gives eggshell, although they are 
sometimes dotted with dark brown. 
The shell is much heavier and harder 
than that of hens eggs. 

If you should succeed in finding a 
brood of young about a week old, you 
would be surprised’at the activity they 
display. It is very difficult to catch 
one of these lively youngsters. The 
mother gives a warning cry—away 
they scurry in all directions, giving a 
peculiar weeping cry. In less time 
than it takes to tell it, they have vanish- 
ed, and search as yon may, the chances 
are that you cannot find a single one. 

Judging from my experience witha 


THE OOLOGIST. 


shot gun, the ‘‘ bow armed Indian ”’ dic 
not bag many chickens. The modern 
“sport ” with his well trained dog and 
his repeating shot gun is hurrying this 
noble bird to the happy hunting ground. 
It is not the hunting clubs nor is it the 
farmer with his muzzle loader, who is 
waging this war of destruction, but it 
is the worthless town loafer—that mis- 
erable wretch who is too lazy to work 
for his living but supports (?) his family 
by fishing and pot-hunting. It is this 
same fellow or others of his caliber who 
in many places hunt birds for their 
feathers. 

To make this business more despica- 
ble it is generally carried on in defiance 
of the law. If this slaughter continues, 
the Prairie Hen will soon be numbered 
with the rare birds. 

This ‘‘ sport ” continues until nearly 
all the chickens are killed. The few 
‘lucky birds ” are very shy and lead 
lonely lives until Christmas time, when 
they again collect in flocks. 

They are seldom hunted in winter be- 
cause they fy long before the hunter 
comes in range. Yet they may often 
be seen feeding in cornfields or on the 
buds of trees. They seem to have 
a special liking for cottonwood buds 
and it is no uncommon thing to see 
twenty-five or thirty birdsin one tree, 
in the spring time. Do not mistake my 
meaning and get the impression that 
Prairie Hens ‘‘ live intrees,” for they 
spend nearly all their time on the 
ground or flying. 

With a short description of the flight 
of the game bird of the prairie I will 
close. It may be calleda “ buzz and a 
soar.” It is accompanied by a loud 
whirring nojse, unlike that produced 
by and other bird that I have ever seen. 
Like Bill Nyes Ostrich they have a live- 
ly way of swapping time for distance. 

; EO. 


Yi 
vo Naa 
ii 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Sora and Virginia Rails. 

Sora Ratu. A glance atthe map of 
Minnesota will find many ofits counties 
completely dotted with lakes and one 
would naturally and rightly expect it 
to be the home of an abundance of 
water birds. 

Of all those which breed in Hennepin 
County, in which Minneapolis is locat- 
ed, the Sora Rail is perhaps the most 
abundant. 

One cannot journey very far along a 
road without coming across one of those 
little ponds so common to our land- 
seape with its borders of wild rice or 
flags and wet meadows surrounding it. 
In these the bird in question makes its 
summer home and though perhaps the 
ordinary passers are all unaware that 
such a bird exists, the ornithologist 
tramping through the grass or search- 
ing among the flags will have no diffi- 
culty in flushing one occasionly. 

The Rail may be considered a semi- 
nocturnal bird. He keeps hidden away 
in the grass during the broad day but as 
soon as evening approaches he comes 
forth from his retreats and at twilight 
you may find him in his fullest activity 
moving about on the lily pads or float- 
ing vegatation on the borders of these 
ponds. 

They do not find the least difficulty 
in obtaining support, however light the 
material on which they place them- 
selves, a floating flag or a rice stem will 
give an ample foundation and when it 
is necessary to cross the clear water 
they will either raise themselves in 
short flight or lower themselves and 
swim as does a Coot or Gallinule. The 
tail, what little there is of it, is carried 
erect when walking and I have seen 
one in breeding time with his tail full 
spread strutting about after the man- 
ner of a Turkey gobbler. 

_ Their arrivalis always associated in 
my mind with that of the Yellow-head- 


ed Blackbird aud the Coot, which in 


805 


this locality is a little before the first of 
May. 

The nesting begins as early as the 
middle of May and continues into the 
middle of July. 

Fresh eggs can be found here about 
the first of June more commonly than 
at other periods. 

J have found the nests situated in the 
long grass of the meadows, in the flags 
w1d cattails of the swamps and more 
commonly inthe matted tussocks of 
wild rice stocks where there is an en- 
tanglement of old and new growths. 
The nest is formed of grasses or weeds, 
itis not very deepe inside and has a 
large diameter considering the size of 
the bird. IJtis placed all the way from 
close proximitypto the surface to a foot 
and half above it. Ten eggs may be 
called an average set though they vary 
considerably about this number. 

When the summer dtaws to a close 
the birds do not confine themselves so 
much to their hidden retreats of the 
breeding season but take to“the more 
open rice bordered streams and lakes. 
There on account of the thinness of 
the wild rice they may be found at all 
hours though, as I have said before, they 
are more active at twilight. 

The young are grown and their num- 
bers are swelled so that they are much 
more noticeable at this period than in 
the spring. 

During the present season they were 
much more abundant than they have 
been for four or five years past; it may 
be on account of the lack of heavy 
spring rains this year whichso often 
raise the water over the meadows just 
at the breeding season. 

I visitéd a large lake some miles dis- 
tant from Minneapolis early this’ fall, 
for the purpose of hunting ducks. 
Hundreds of Rails had gathered in the 
erowth of wild rice that was scattered 
from one end of the lake to the other. 
Every shot from my gun’ awakened 
such a series of piping notes that it was 


306 THE OOLOGIST. 


hardly possible to distinguish the sep- 
arate cries. Even the pipirg of a sin- 
gle bird would awaken the others into 
giving vent to their cries, so that the 
lake resounded from shore to shore. 

At nightfall, as I lay with my boat 
well concealed in a tussock, waiting for 
the passage of ducks, the rails seemed 
to be very curious about my presence 
there. Several would silently gather 
around mezon all sides, sometimes com- 
ing in dangerous proximity to the boat, 
and upon my rising suddenly, they 
would all scurry off with marvelous 
swiftness, literally running on the wat- 
er. s 
On account of the larger game not 
much attention is paid to them here, 
however they are much ted by boys 
along the creeks near the city, and are 
familiarly styled ‘‘Water Rails.” 

They remain about these marshes and 
streams until tne first or second week 
in October when they leave for a warm- 
er climate. 

Audubon says, ‘‘they travel silently 
and by night, and in a direct course, at 
a height of only a few feet over our 
broad {rivers or over level land when 
their speed is such as is neyer manifest- 
ed by the’'munder ordinary conditions.” 

VireintA Ratz. The Virginia Rail 
is not nearly so abundant here as the 
Sora.” Their habits are in general simi- 
Jar, otherwise than the fact that the 
former are of rare occurrence on the 
streams here in the autumn. They 
either migrate early or keep to their 
retreats of the summer. 

The nests of both birds are often 
built in the same places and are of 
similar structure, though I have found 
nests of the Virginia on the borders of 
meadows some distance back from the 
water One in particular was located 
on the edge of what had been a pond a 
few weeks earlier in the spring, but 
was then completely dry and the near- 
est water was at least a quarter ofa 
mile away. It was simply a hollow in 


f 


a hummocek of earth, lined with a few 
grasses and well arched over. 

The complement of eggs is about the 
same as that of the Sora and should not. 
be confounded with them as they are 
different both in the shade of the back. 
ground and in the color of the mark- 
ings. 

Unlike the Sora Rail the bird in ques- 
tion makes its presence known by an 
occasional cry when one is intruding 
near the nest and though she keeps. 
well hidden in the grass, she remains 
in the vicinity of her eggs. 

H. M. GuiILrorp, 
Minneapolis, Minn. 
Cons, 
Unusual Nesting of the Sparrow Hawk. 

In the earlier part of May, I saw a 
Sparrow Hawk leave a hole in one of 
the banks of a small creek, near Red- 
lands and on reaching it, I fcund 
itto contain a set of four incubated 
eggs which I took. The hole was about 
15 feet from the ground and was. 
12 inches in depth and conta*ned no 
nest at all except some sand scraped 
from the side of the hole. During May 
I took another set (4) from the same 
hole, which however bad been dug 
deeper and a few feathers placed there- 
in. I also took a set of three from 
anothor hole near the above mentioned 
and from which I took a set of Red- 
shafted Flicker’s earlier in the season. 

L. P. WILLIAMs, 
Redlands, Calif. 


—_—_>—_~+ <= 


Notes from Maine. 

June 5, 1898, I took a set of 4 Ameri- 
can Ravens’ eggs on No Man’s Land 
near Matinicus, Me. The eggs were all 
rotten but the bird was still covering 
them. ‘The fishermen said that there 
had been a nest on the same island for 
several years but that the birds didn’t 
seem to increase. 

During the first week in July I saw 


THE OOLOGIST. 


several flocks of Pine Siskins.—from 
100 to 200 birds in a flock—in Houlton 
village. They were nearly as tame as 
English Sparrows. 

The Searlet Tanager is evidently on 
the increase in the northern tier of the 
New England states. [ saw one this 
month (July) as far north as Oakfield. 
In the same town Rose-breasted Gros- 
beaks are common We found one of 
the latter perched on a picture in the 
dining room of the hotel. The bird 
was caught in the barn about six weeks 
before. It never manifested any dis- 
position to leave the house, although 
the windows and doors were often 
open. It sang brilliantly until it began 
to moult. Ten years ago the Rose- 
breasted Grosbeak was rare in Maine; 
but.it has been steadily increasing, un- 
til now it is to be found breeding in 
nearly every section. Many of us hope 
that the Scarlet Tanager will continue 
to increase until it is as common as the 
Grosbeak. 

A Bee, 
Old Orehara, Me. 


Oven Birds Nest Building. 


One morning while out egging I had 
the pleaser of watching a pair of Oven 
Birds building their nest, and the sys- 
tem and order of their united labor 
was very interesting. 

The female kept inside, arrang- 
ing the material and shaping the nest 
to fit her own body, while the male 
industriously worked on th» outside 
bringing and placing the material, and 
by their united systematic labor the 
oven shaped nest progressed with sur- 
prising rapidity. One rootlet which 
Mr. O. B. was pulling vigorously upon 
snapped suddenly giving him a double 
somersault backwards before he could 
regain his equilibrium; but the plucky 
little fellow hung on to his root. The 
next day I found the nest complete and 
one fresh egg. I was so much interest- 


307 


ed in this pair of birds that, I allowed 
them to hatch their eggs and rear their 
young undisturbed. 
M. D. CoorPEr, 
Antrim, N. H. 


>< 


The Bob-white. 


This beautiful game bird is very abun- 
dant in this locality, and is increasing 
in numbers every year. They mate in 
April, and in the eariy morning and in 
fact, all through the day, you can hear 
the love call of the male. They nest all 
through the summer months, but I do 
not think they raise but one brood. 
They lay from 12 to 24 eggs. I found 
four nests last season. One contained 
24 egos, one 18, one 15 and the other 12. 
The ones that contained 24, 18 and 12 
were perfectly fyesh, but the one that 
contained 15 was slightly incubated. 
The nests are extremely hard to find, 
and can only be found by mere chance 
or by flushing the old bird. 

H. L. HEATON, 
Oberlin, Kan. 


SSS 


The Whip-poor-will in Stark County, [llinois- 

I have often seen and heard the Whip- 
poor-will in this locality but until last 
year have been unable to secure any 
eggs. On June 9, 1892 two friend se- 
cured a nice set of two eggs of whieh I 
secured one, and also a description of 
On the 18th of June 


I found a set of 2 eggs, probably laid by 


the nest and bird. 


the same bird as the set on the 9th, the 
eggs were placed on the ground in a 
small brush heap, there being no nest 
except a slight hollow filled with leaves. 
The female was on the nest and did not 
fly until I was within a few feet of her. 
Is this 
Whip-poor-will? 


not rather far north for the 


BAYARD C. RHODES. 


308 


$300.00 WORTH OF PRIZES 


Will be Piesented during 1893 to 
The Patrons (Contributors and Readers) of 
THE OOLOGIST. 

Each month during 1893 we _ shall 
give five prizes. These prizes are to 
be awarded to the five best articles ap- 
pearing in each month’s ObLoGIsST. 

The prizes throughout the year will 
remain the same, except the first one 
which will be the winner’s choice from 
the unawarded articles and publications 
named in the following list: 

‘Coues’ “Key to North American 


VOSTECG Sta eee) A eta a eae ener 37 50 
Ridgway’s ‘‘Manual of North 
ANTONE OY BANAL Os Now alsa as 7 50 


‘Chamberlain’s‘‘Nuttal’s Ornithol- 


ogy” ( (OPWOIS en ose Sain ie 8 00 
Goss’s “Birds of Kansas” f 7 50 
Wilson’s(and Bonaparte’ s)' ‘Amer- 

Gaia Orerauitinolloeny? oc odo 6 ot 7 50 
Maynard’s*‘Birds of KasternNorth 

America”? (text complete). 15 00 
eesiine tou Irving’s Works, 10 

SINAN ete eh eaten ats a 7 50 


-ols 

Win. M. Thackeray’s Works, 10 

VOLS ese Seba ed ean a . 10 00 
Chas. Dickens’ Works, 15 vols... 11 25 
Jenk’s “ComprehensiveCommen- 

tary of the Holy Bible.” 5 

large 900 paged Volumes... 25 00 
Sir Walter Scott’s ‘Works, 12 vols 12 00 
$10 worth of Phonogr aphic Books 


and Publications|. 22.25.25. 10 00 
An 8-qt. Jack Frost Ice Cream 
JURE AS) ol Aine A Ren Cte a nese nee 6 50 


A Due-Bill good for$31.50towards 
a new $46.50 MarlinRepeat- 
LINO HEU E ra here eeete venenae 31 50 
A Due-Bill good for$33.00towards 
a new$45.00AmericanUnion 
(same as New Home) Sew- 
dm geralcluime jepaewisem ae es 
A Due- Bill good for$12.00towards 
a new $20 double case Odell 
ALW OS, TEMPS 4 oo oblo o's 12 00 
2nd Prize each month will be a part 
of ‘‘Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America,” each containing an average 
of 8 plates and 3840 pages strongly 
bound in strong manila and cloth and 
worth at publisher's original price not 
far trom $7.50. 
3d Prize—Langille’s 
Their Haunts”, $3.00 
4th Prize—Brewer’s ‘‘North American 
Odlogy” unbound, no plates, original 
price about $3.00. 
5th Prize—Baird’s Review of Ameri- 
ean Birds” originally sold at $2.00. 


38 00 


“Our Birds in 


‘of the Judges 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Each article receiving at least as 
many credits as there are’ number of — 
Judges and not winning one of the 
leading prizes will be awarded the 
OdLocist for 1893 bound ir cloth aud 
gilt 

Each article receiving at least one- 
half as many credits as the number of 
Judges and not. winning any other 
prize will be awarded a year’s subserip- 
tion to the OoLogisT. 

All Mss. prizes are sent by mail or 
express prepaid, except the first, which 
is shipped at winner’s expense. 


~<S- oa 


You are a Judge. 
You have been selected to act as one 
in this month’s Prize 
article contest, and your decision must 
be promptly and fairly given. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
jater than the twentieth of December. 
Write on back of a_postal card the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and 
mail to us. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes 
should be awarded. 

We give our Judges five special 
prizes, one to each of the five whose 
decisions are nearest the final award of 
prizes and in this month’s competition 
the Judge whose list of five articles is 
the nearest the awarded list, we will 
give a part of Maynard’s ‘‘Birds of 
HKastern North America’’, each of these 
parts contain an average, of 2 plates 
and 264 pages, strongly bound in heavy 
manilla covers and at publisher’s origt- 
inal price are worth até least $5.00. 

2d A handsomely bound book ‘‘Small 
Talk about Business.” 

3d A Combination Microscope. 

4th An Agate Watch Charm. 

doth A Pocket Knife. 

To each Judge naming the five prize- 
winning ar ticles in theirexact orderand 
not winning one of the five special 
prizes we w iil give a copy of the ‘‘Stand- 
ard Catalogue of North America Birds 
Kegs. ” 

‘fo each Judge naming the prize- 
winning articles. but not in their exact 
order and not wi inning one of the five 
special prizes we will give a copy of 
that elegant new Columbus or World’s 
Fair Almanac, (value 26 cts.). 

All Judges’ prizes are sent by mail 
prepaid. 

Address your decision to 

F. H. Latrin & Co., 
Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


SEPTEMBER CONTEST. 
Thirty-eight Judges. 


Prize winners and credits received 
by each were as follows: 

1. The White-tailed Kite and Prairie 
Faleon in California. 156. 

2. The Sap-sucker. 119. 

8. The American and Least Bitterns 
in Henry County, Ills. 101. 

4. Cruising and Science. 95. 

5. Scenes from the Life of Alexander 
Wilson. 51. 

The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 


1.—No. 31. Fred MeAllister, Davi- 
son, Mich. 1, 2, 4, 8, 5. 

2.—No. 8. Millard Van Wagner, 
GretinareNe. eed 25305. 

3.—No.9: N.G. VanWagner, Gret- 
awe Ne eas il 43. 25.0. 

4.—No. 35 F. A. Gregory, Rockford, 
UNS lp eee 

5.—No. 19. Howard H. McAdam, 
Ozksbay oN; By 2) 3% 15:4 "5: 


The following Judges were awarded 
World’s Fair Almanacs. 

1. C. Will Beebe, N. J. 

15. Wm. A. Achilles, Tex. 

20. C. B. Johnson, Minn. 

23. Hubert Fuller, D. C. 


25. James M. Odell, Jr., Tex. 
28. Chas. Meyers, Ohio. 

30. H. L. Heaton, Kan. 

32. A.W. Baylis, Ia. 

38. Bert H. -onglars, Kan. 


All prizes we mailed on Nov.. 25th. 


——— _- 2 >_—____—__ 


OCTOBER CONTEST. 


Thirty Judges. 
Prize winners and credits : received 
by each were as follows; 
1. Raptores of Michigan. 135. 
2. The American Woodcock, 103. 
3. Scenes from the Life of Alexander 
Wilson. 54. 


309 


4. Auld Lang Syne. 45. 


5.5 A Day in the Woods. 29. 
oe9 Bird Wit and Lack of It. 29° 


The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 

1. Arthur Lohman, 
Wis. Lxact. 

2. R.P. Gillespie, Columbus, Miss. 
Heaet. 

3. Everett Johnson, 


Two Rivers, 


Lewiston. Me. 


i Ooze Gere 
4, Clarence Luther, Fayetteville, 
Nake leo ona 


5. A. W. Baylis, Cedar Rapids, Ia. 
f, Ave1o 25 

The following were awarded World's 
Fair Almanacs. 

Robt. McPherson, Mass. 

Chas. Meyers, Ohio. 

Fred Parkhurst, N. Y. 

Clayton Barnard, Ind. 

Edmund Heller, Calif. 

All prizes were mailed on Nov. 


Ammunition % 
Bargain! 


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1000 No. 12 FoiJ-lined Central Fire Percus- 
STONE G Bp Sareea ae Ne ee eee eee i 
900 No. 10 do do do do... .45 


Any of above sent by express at purchasers 
capepse at prices quoted, or entire lot for only 
4,50. 


F.H.LATTIN & CO., 
ALBION, N. Y. 


Our New Collecting Tube or 
Insertion Barrel, with 
Extractor 


will fit any Breech-loading ShotGun. Can fur- 
nish for either 10 or 12 gauge gun. 

Price,Tube, $2.50; Wad Cutter. 40c; Decapper, 
30; Loader, 30c; 50 Shells, 60c; Box Primers, 25c¢ 
or all sent complete for only $4.00. 


F.H.LATTIN & CO., 
or, 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., ALBION, N. Y. 
CHICAGO. 


EGGS. 

From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- 
rectly named, at moderate price. HERMANN 
ROLLE, Esndeuer St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- 
many. 


310 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, ‘Patentees, Manufacturers, etc., 
are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses 
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, 
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will 
open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to one man,woman 
or youth in every town and hamlet in the U. S. 
and Canada. ‘‘The early bird catches the 
worm.” Wewantafew such ads. aS Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH edition of AGENTS HERALD. 

RUN Nails up signs, distributes circul- 

ars, papers, samples,etc.,through- 

out Blackhawk and surrounding .counties 

only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN 
Waterloo, Ia. 


‘Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines, June 
°90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept Con- 
stantly busy, employs three men to assist him, 
clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day 
distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many 
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It 
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to 
mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who 
employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may each 
send you 1000 at the same time, making 1000 
packages of 10 each, for distributing which you 
would promptly receive $30, 15 in advance and 
$15 when work is done. Parents make your 
poy apresent. Start them in this growing bus- 
iness. Begin this neat business before some 
one in your county gets the start of you. ‘Come 
in on the ground floor.”? Instructions How to 
Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor 
ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or postage 
stamps for a 4 line ‘“‘ad.” 

AGENT’S HERALD, 
No. 171 South 8th Street, Philada., Pa. 


PRINTIN speciality. Note and letter 


heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for naturai history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F, 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


Of all kinds for Naturalists a 


THE OOLOGIST. 


«_QOur Address __* 


during the next few months, will be at either 


ALBION, N. Y., or 
No. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., 
CHICAGO, ILLS. 


You canaddress your orders and letters to 
whichever address you are the nearer—All 
matters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however, 
should be addressed at Albion. Should you 
wish to reach us personally, you should address 
“LATTIN,’ at ALBION, and ‘“‘WEBB”, at 
CHICAGO. 

Faithfully, 


°F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


Nit ONLY DIRECTORY onzarc:. 
Ai) Guaranteeing 30,000. kur 
}||] only 10 cents (regular price 
||] 25 cents.) your name, if re- 
Li ceived within next 30 
EN days, will be BOLDLY 
ER 7 printed on gummed 
? paper, and from Pub- 
lishers, Manufactur- 
ers and others, you 
a willreceive hundreds 
‘t ||| probably thousands, 
of valuable Books, 
K Se > Samples, Papers, Maga- 
i =¢ zines, etc. All free and 
\ \ Ny Wei each parcel with one of 
‘S NV om aM your boldly printed ad- 
‘esses pasted thereon. EXTRA! We will also 
print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, ete., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.€., Dec. 6, 
1891. .DEaAR S1RS—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I . 
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 
Mrers, ete. are arriving daily, on valuable parcels of 
fuail, from all ra of the World. J.A. WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY CQ., 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia, Pa. 


SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, 
Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, 
\\ Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy, 
}) Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New 
London, Wis. 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaisr will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Falls street, only a few steps from R.. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and © -upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


bm 


TAMIA AAALGMAAALAAGMAAAAALEGMAADIAALGGQAAIAALAGLGRIOALCALGQIOLIED 


TAUAAIAAUALIAAUAAUAAEAAEAAOAAGAIOQAGAGAAAAAGAGAAGAAGAAALAGLAD 


If you Suffer from Headache, Dyspepsia 


WyeMinorded Liver ee TAKE = RIPANS TABULES 
H Went: Digiwossatter Rataey, "TAKE §=RIPANS TABULES 


For Offensive Breath and all Disorders 


Ripans Tabules act gently but promptly upon the liver, 
stomach and intestines; cleanse the system effectually; cure 
dyspepsia, habitual constipation, offensive breath and head- 
ache One Tabule taken at the first indication of indiges- 
tion, biliousness, dizziness, distress after eating or depression 
of spirits, :vill surely and quickly remove the whole diffi- 
culty. : 
Ripans Tabules are prepared from a prescription widely 
used by the physicians, and and presented in the form most 
approved by modern science. 

If given a fair trial Ripans Tabules are an infallible cure; 
they contain nothing and are an economical remedy. 


A quarter-gross box will be sent, postage paid, on receipt 
of 75 cents by the wholesale and retail agents, 


Samples free on Applicationtoté’ RIPANS CHEMICAL. Co., 


UPTO ICUUTUHNNrarerveroevemererrecrevecrecerecrerrerrereerrriey 


ist) 
an 


THE OOLOGIST. 1 


MAIAALAAIAAAALAAAALAMAAALAALAALAALAMSAALAMAAALOALAMGAALAALAAMAALAMRALLALLE- 


Ripans Tabules 


Disease comumonly comes on with slight symptoms, which 
when neglected increase in extent and gradually grow dan- 
gerous. 


or Indigestion, TAKE RIPANS TABULES 


of the Stomach, TAKE RI PANS TABULES 


One Gives Relief. 


CHAS. N. CRITTENTON CO., 115 Fulton St., 

JOHN H. #RANCIS, 83 John St. 

McKESS?N & ROBBINS. 91 Fulton St., 

W. H. SCHIEFFLIN & ©O., 170 William St., 
NEW YORK CITY. 


Local druggists everywhere will supply the Tabules if requested to do so. 
They are Easy to Take, Quick to Act a . Save Many a Doctor’s Bill. 


NEW YOR CITY. 


TUULMSLAALLALSAASAdSdbLLAALGUSGbSALAdLLALGbSAASAASLGbLEGbLSALASidSAbbLAdbLSNL4bSdsbsbbsGbs/Abs4dsbdbbsdbsdbAdSS 


Ne 


312 THE OOLOGIST. 


“BIRDS of MICHIGAN” 


A list of three hundred and _ thir- 
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. 


JUST ISSUED! 


Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. 
It is in fact a work On the Birds of the Great 
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol- 
ogist in America. 


Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. 
Address 


BH: GALTTIN & CO-., “Albion, N.Y. 


You CAN PER 


MAKE DAY 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside; every body 
wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp 
and we will mail you4 Free Samples and fuil 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. 


1a| 


CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


If yow want the best Typewriter, and one that will 


outlast any other, communicate with us: We make 
on'y a strictly high-grade Machine of the first-class--- 
just what we think you want. We are NOT in the Type- 
ariter Trust, and do not have to pay dividends on mil- 
lions of watered stock. Get our prices before pur- 
chasing. 


PARISH MFG. CO., Parish, N. Y. 


- RENEW---- 


YOUR SUBSCRIPTION TO 


THE OOLOGIST 


» - EARLY © ee 


If you will send in your renewal, or subscrip- 
tion to the OOLOGIST for 1894 at once, or not 
later than Jan. 1st °94, and enclose 6 cents in 
stamps additional, we will mail you your choice 
of the following (in addition to the two cou- 
pons): 

1. 15 Checking Lists. 

2. Lattin’s ‘Standard Catalogue of N. A. 
Birds Eggs.” 

3. Davie’s ‘Naturalist’s Mannual” (126 pages 
of valuable information. ) 

. 100 assorted Datas, 

5. A White Metal Blowpipe. 

6. Egg of California Murre. 

7. Egg of Noddy. 

8. Egg Drill and Embryo Hook. 

9. Black Starfish, Hchinaster sentus. 
rare. - ; 
10. 35c. Fossil. Scaphites nodosus, from Bad 
Lands. ‘ 

11. 20, all different, back numbers of the 
OOLOGIST. 

This offer will positively close on Jan. 1st, 
and will never be repeated, 

Only one of the premiums can be selected for 
the 6c. additional which must in every instance 
accompany a subscription to the OOLOGIST for © 
1893, either new or renewal. 

Should you desire more than one of the pre- 
miums, you can add 15c. for each additional 
one, to secure at this price, however, you must 
have the order accompany your subscription or 
renewal, otherwise they will cost you regular 
rates, which range from 25 to 50 cents each. 

Should you desire the complete set of eleven 
premiums, we will send you the entire lot. 

The OoLoGist for 1894 with two coupons 


For Only $1.60. 


Do not delay. but write at once, as these of- 
fers hold good during the next 


30 Days Only. 
Address all letters either accepting or relat- 
ing to this offer to 
EF. A. LATTIN & CO., 
' ALBION, N. Y.- 


The Worlds Fair at Home! 


Selected Photographs, printed and 
Mounted by a Professional Photogra- 
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel 
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. 

Address P. F. MARCH, Fern 
Bank, Hamilton County, O. 


BIRDS BGG 
CURIOS. § 
SHELLS 


Very 


, 


uN ef 
mse Lutneeaa Cad Gad) ee SD ) \SARIED AARIEAS é 
om s £ 
a NA © we 
~~ g 6 pa ytaee 
LY a 


iS 


Oe) , 


Monthiy. 


VOL. X. 


ee ee ee ee 
eh 


AMBION SAN] ¥5 DEC 31893: 


50c. per Year. 


as 


NO. 12 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50¢ per 25 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 5vc. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
‘“‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘** Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


I HAVE added Two Hundred dollars (#200) 
worth of specimens to my collection through 
the Exchange Columns of the OOLOGIST. J.M, 
KILVINGTON, Mason City, Ia, 


IT FIND that exc. notices in the OOLOGIST pay 
me 100 per cent. better than in other papers. 
EDW. WALL. San Bernardino, Callf. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Printing ovress, chase 
5x7, for stamps. GHO. B. BENNETT, S. W. 
cor. Beach and Lafayette, Terre Haute, Ind. 


TO EXCHANGE.—$l2? worth of egos in sets 
with data for postage stamps..11s0 Cigarette pic- 
tures for stamps. BERYL HODGH, Sterling, 
Kans. 


WANTED. A first-class Incubator and 
Brooder, can offer eggs of Kites, Hawks. Vul- 
tures and some cash. Address, KiT ATKIN- 
SON, Dime Box, Texas. 


I HAVE Vol. vii, ‘““Paper and Press.’ Vols. 
iv. Vv. vi. vil, “Inland Printer” for Egxs. Miner- 
ajs, Fossils, Indian Relics. A. L. STEVENS, 
206 Elm St., Northampton, Mass. 


WRITE me lowest price Coues’ Key. Bend- 
ire’s Nest and Eggs North Amer can Birds. sets 
of Sharp-shinned Hawk. Pigeon Hawk Golden 
Eagle or “Duck Hawk.’”? EDWARD ARNOLD, 
Battle Creek. Mich. } 


MUSIC\L CONTEST.—‘Protective Tariff 
Grand March,”’and'Free Trad+ Grand March.” 
Both pieces are beautiful. bright and showy 
marches of medium difficulty for the Piano or 
Organ. Price !0 cents earch at all music stores 
or by mentioning the OOLOGIST they may be 
procured at one-half price from WiLL L. 
THOMPSON, Hast Liverpool, Ohio. 


I HAVE over $16 worth of singles to exchange 
for a kodak, Skins or Orn. or Tax. works. ED- 
WARD WALL, San Bernardino, Cal. 


FOR. EXCHANGE.—lor eggs in sets.) West- 
ern or Southern prefered, an Eclipse camera, 
34x44 in. A 1 condition with tripod, hardwood 
carrying case printing frame holder, etc. 
HAL, GIBSON, EB] Paso, Illinois. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of foreign 
stamns and afew sets of eggs with data for 
sets No. 430 and 431 with nest. P. A, MULTER, 
Ashford, Catt. Co., N. Y. : 


WHAT offers have I of Terns’ and Gulls’ 
eges for cash Have also several vols of 
Youth’s Companion for eggs. ERNEST IRONS, 
Council Bluffs, Ia, 


CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The 
edition of this magnificent work is exhausted, 
we have only one copy left. Price $15 If you 
want it sneak quick. F. H. LATTIN & Co., Al- 
bion. N. Y. 


WANTED.—To cor espond with parties who 
can furnish birds in the meat this winter. Will 
make exchanges, ani pay cash for desirable 
specimens. No cards. WHIT HARRISON, 
La Crese-nt. Ho: ston Co.. Minn. ; 


FOR SATE. Black-chinned, Rufousand An- 
na’s Humming birds eggs for 5Uc. with nest and 
data. Sove very pretty nests among the lot. 
R. H. ROBERTSON, care First Ward Grocery 
House, Hast Los Angeles. Cal. 


TO EXCHANGE —First class singles for sin- 
gles and sets -Nothing but first-class eggs 
taken. Send your list and receive mine. Ad- 
adress, FRANK B. JEWEHTT. Lamanda Park, 
Cal. or H A. YOUNG, Pasadena, Cal. 


DAVIEH’S Egg Check List of N. A. Birds We 
desire one 1r } wo copies of the First Edition in 
good condition. will allow 75c. each for same in 
exchange F.H. LATTIN & CO. Albion, N. Y. 


EXCHANGE.—Colt’s 45 cal. revolver. in good 
condition. full nickle plate, rubber handle. belt 
and holster. for be-t offer in books on Ornith- 
ology and Oology. excepting Coues’ Key. GUY 
POTTER, 110 East 3rd St., Peru, Indiana. 

NOTICE. I have over 225 varieties of first- 
class eggs, a good many in sets, nearly all with 
data, to exchange for a good double breech 
loading shotgun. revolver, pistol, microscope, 
Coues’ Key or Ridgeway’s Manual, climbing 
irons. Write for particulars and state what 
youhaye, S, B. CRAYTON, Anderson, S. C. 


314 


ANY ONE wishing to purchase an Old Flint 
Lock Rifle with Bayonet. complete, in fine con- 
dition, write to A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, 
Medina Co., Ohio. 


17 VOL. various magazines and collection 
of minerals to exchange for sets, curios, climb- 
ingirons orrifle. Sendfor list GUY ARMI- 
TAGE, 779 Hubbard, St., Milwaukee, Wisc. 


WANTE. —Sets of (A.O. U. numbers) 325, 
326, 337, 365, 375, 378, 416. 420, 601, 637. 675. 676. 683, 
W138. 718. 727 (all after 637 with nests if possible)in 
exchange for eastern sets. J. H. BOWLES, 
Ponkapog, Mass. i 


KODAK No. 2. Ihave a Kodak No. 2, new 
upon which the seal has never been broken and 
loaded with 60 exposures. Sole leather carry- 
ing case. Cost $32.50. Will sell at a sacrifice. 
ae FRANK H. LATTIN, Gaines, Orleans 
Co., N.Y. 


TWO BIG BARGAINS.—A friend has left 
with us his collection of eggs for sale. It con- 
sists of $30 worth of desirable sets and $35 of A. 
No. 1 singles. All are strictly ffrst-class and F. 
H L. & Co. will see that they are properly and 
carefully packed. Hither the sets or singles 
will be sent by express for only $8.50 cash or 
both for $1650. No exchanges entertiined. 
To parties meaning business a list of species in 
the collection will be sent for stamp. Address, 
Bradt, care F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N.Y. 


FOR SALHE.—First-class skins of the Turkey 
Buzzard. Black Vulture, Ducks,Gulls, Pelicans, 
Swans, Curlews, Herons, Snipe, ete., ete I 
wilfor $2 cash forward the following fresh 
skins providing 50c. extra is sent to pay express 
viz, Turkey Buzzard, Fox Squirrel and Mead- 
ow Lark. Large orders taken at reasonable 
rates. NATHAN L DAVIS, La Porte, Texas. 


I RECEIVED 10 times as many answers to 
that one little exchange in June OoLoGist than 
I did in all of several other exchange ads I ven- 
tured in other papers. which cost me over #10. 
ED VAN WINKLE, Van’s Harbor, Michigan. 


“INSTITUTIONES REI HERBARIA:” 3 
large vol.—leather—published in Paris in 1719. 
Vol. I contains 750 pages text. Vol. II and III, 
each contain about 250 pages of illustrations. 
Will exchange for $10 00 with of standard books 
on Natural History (ornithology preferred) or 
back vols. of the Auk. FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Albion, N Y. 


BIRDS EGGS. 25c. novels, foreign postage 
stamps, rifle. minerals. fossils cigaette al- 
bums, scrap book full of cards, for Columbian 
(ex. 2c.), old S, Confederate and foreign 
postage stamps. Indian and otber relics. R. L. 
STEPHENS. Danville. Ills. 


A HAND-INKING printing press, chase 12 
by 15 inches, in good condition, for sale cheap, 
or to exchange for eggs in sets. bird skins. or a 
good collection of U.S. stamps. W. HE. SNY- 
DER, Beaver Dam, Wisconsin. 


ANY Stimp Collector sending me stamps of 
any one Country. valued at fifty cents, shall re- 
Ceive the same amount in West Indian stamps 
from me. G. C. ROBERTS, 1517 Christian St., 
Philadelphia, Pa. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.~ A 52inch Col- 
umbia Light Roadster, Ball bearings a 1 around 
in splendid condition, for a new Baker, Rem- 
ington or other good shot gun, 12gauge. Make 
offer. HORACE H. FELL, 3658 Dearborn St. 
Chicago, Ils. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


WANTED.—Indian Relics (Stone Age), I 
have to offer Mounted Birds, Minerals, Eggs, 
etc. I.also want a copy of Abbott’s ‘‘Stone 
Age of New Jersey,”’? L. V. CASE,Naples,N.Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—HF¥irst-class singles of this 
locality at 25 per cent discount for sets with 
full data. Send lists. OTTO J. ZAHN, 427 S. 
Hope St., Los Angeles, Cal. 


CURIOSITIES and eggs from Southern Cal- 
ifornia to exchange for first-class eggs with 
data. Send stamp for list. Address, R. S. 
DANIELS, Nordhoff, Ventura Co., Calif. 


FOR SALE.—Coues’ Key $5, also other bird 
books and Collection of eggs, cheap. CHAS. E. 
CRAM, Columbus, Ohio. 


OLD OOLOGISTS for stamps, and all curios. 
50 varieties of stamps for 10 cents. Foreign ex- 
change and Electrical Books wanted. WAL- 
TER G. MANSUER, Pittsfield, Maine. 


WILL GIVE three varieties Chinese coins 
for every U.S. cent, in good condition, dated 
before 1859. Old postal cards to exchange. 

ED DOOLITTLE, Painesville, Ohio. 


WOULD LIKE to exchange eggs with any 
person in either Texas, California Michigan or 
Maine. HARRY COLLINS, Granville, Lick- 
ing Co., O. 


WANTED.—Set of Am. Osprey. Will give 
in exchange singles, value $2. H. H. SPICER, 
596. Woodward Ave, Detroit, Mich. 


I WILL GIVE 15 Periwinkle shells for every 
egg listed at ten cents or over sent me or for 
every perfect arrow head sent me. Eggs will 
be taken in sets. JAY SMITH, Ripley, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE. Vol. V complete except 
No. 6; «nd No’s 6, 11 of Vol, VIL; No. 6 of Vol. 
IIT of the OoLoctist for Vol. VIII complete of 
same. HUGH S. CAMPBELL, E]1 Paso. Il. 


THE SAME mail which brought November 
OOLOGIST brought four replies fo my exchange 
notice in the same paper. JI regard the OOLO- 
GIST anecessity to collectors who desire to ex- 
cha ge specimens. FRED H. ANDRUS, EIlk- 
ton, Oregon. 


FOR SALE.—A Belgian Flobert Rifie in good 
eendition, 22 short or long cartridge, black wal- 
nut, checked, pistol grip stock. rubber butt 
plate. weight 4% lbs., cost $6. sell for $3.50. 
GEO. J. REED, Berlin, Conn.. 


LOOK! LOOK! Cheapest rates on mount- 
ing birds, fish. reptiles and animals. Specialty 
in mounting heads of Elk, Deer ind other big 
game. also all kinds of furrier work. Game 
birds mounted in groups or sing y on panels 
for wall decoration. Large stock of birds sin- 
gly or in groups for sale. Also all kinds of big 
game heads as Elk, Moose. Deer and Sheep. 
White Doves for floral designs. Glass eyes of 
all descriptions Also birds eggs, skins, min- 
erals, Indian relics aud curiosities. Lowest 
rates. Big Bargains. Special attention given 
to mail order dep rtment. Send for list stating 
in what department. D. FRANK KELLER,54 
S. 6th St. Reading, Pa. : 


EGGS. 
From the Orient and Assam (Malahha) cor- 
rectly named. at moderate price. HERMANN 
ROLLE, Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W. Ger- 
many. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


PETRIFIED MOSS.—Fine specimens, post- 
paid, 10, 20 and 30c. Stamps taken. Silver 
preferred. A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, Me- 
dina Co., Ohio. 


IT HAVE acouple of fine pedigreed hunting 
dogs to exchange for eggs in original sets with 
unquestionable data. Send lists and Iwill make 
liberal offer Many common eggs wanted. J. 
H. BROWN, Davenport, Iowa. 


FOR EXCHANGE One three dollar Magic 
Lantern with eleven slides, will exchange for 
best offer in birds eggs. All letters answered. 
adress. THOS. CRONIN, Westtown, Chester 
Co., Pa. 


ORNITHOLOGISTS of the South and West. 
wishing to exchange skins of common birds for 
same of Michigan. Write me. Florida curios, 
Michigan eggs toexchange. L. W. WATKINS, 
Manchester, Mich. 


EXCHANGE—Confederate bills and State 
issues, foreign coins, Indian relics, and war 
tokens, for the same, and C.S. A. stamps. C. 
S. A. bills are numbered from Massamore’s 
catalogue, ERWIN G. WARD, Palmer, Mass. 

EXCHANGE NOTICE—I am starting a col- 
lection of U.S. half dollars, and will make the 
following offer in order to secure a number of 
the commoner dates. For every half dollar 
sent, I will return postpaid, a beautiful nest 
and two eggs of Black-chinned Hummer, extra 
choice condition original data. If two are sent, 
I will add Costa’s nest and two eggs. providing 
you enclose five cents extra for postage. Kind- 
ly have condition good aud choose as old dates 
as possible. Register all letters with an 8 cent 
Columbian stamp and I will return return 4cts. 
with data. Cc. W. CRANDALL, Woodside, 
Queens Co., N. Y. 


' TO EXCHANGE.—Mexican Opal, cut, value, 
$1. for fine Crystals of Amethyst, Tourmaline, 
Aquamarine, Garnet. Topaz or other precious 
or semi-precious stone. B. O. LONGYEAR, 
Mason, Mich. 


TO EXCHANGE.—WM’t’d Birds, Skins. Fos- 
sils and common eggs for Coins, Stamps, Pa- 
per Money, Skins, Eggs and Fossils. All an- 
swered. WILL A. BRYAN, New Sharon, 
Iowa, Taxidermist la. Ag’] College. 


WANTED.—"‘Ornithologist and Oologist” 
vols. 1, 2. 3, 4. 5, 11 andi12. “The Observer,” 
vols. 3and 4. Will pay Cash if the price is right. 
BENJAMIN HOAG, Stephentown, N. Y. 


THE NIDIOLOGIST is becoming famed far 
and wide over America, as a strictly o-ig nal 
and high class publication for Oologists and 
Ornithologists. There is no illustrated month- 
ly magazine like it, and never has Leen, in 
thisicountry at least. A striking cover, inclos- 
ing sixteer pages, devoted to articles of unus- 
ual interest. sumptuously illustrated with 
‘“‘half-tone”’ engravings; $1 per year, with free 
exchange notice and premium offer. The De- 
cember number contained among other inter- 
esting articles, ‘‘Remounting the Great Auk,” 
3 illustrations. by Dr. Shufeldt:‘*YoungGulls in 
Confinement,” by Otto Emerson ;‘-Photography 
Under Difficulties,” illustrated. by Egbert 
Bagg; ‘An Odd Nest of California Bush Tit,” 
illustrated Among handsomely illustrated 
articles inJanuary number will be one byChas. 
E. Doe: ‘‘Notes on the Osprey.’”’ Sendin your 
subscription now and get the back numbers 
while they last, or send 10 cents, silver, for 
sample copy. Address, H. R. TAYLOR, or 
NIDIOLOGISP, Alameda, California. 


315 


EXCHANGE—Blue prints of small steam en- 
gine and instructions to make same, for coins, 
books, minerals, curios, eggs in sets, Indian 
relics. stamps or internation 1 album. RUS- 
SELL KENNEDY, No. 60 Pearson St., New 
Castle, Pa. 


ee 

I HAVE eggs of the Caspian Tern and Amer- 
ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins, 
Curios, etc, ED. VAN WINKLE, Van’s Har- 
bor, Mich. 


EXCHANGE—I have a Collection of North 
Dakota sets and singles, first-class, with com- 
plete data, and worth at catalogue priees, $75, 
Will exchange for gold watch. watch chain, 
gun, revolver, jewelry. or anything- you have 
that I want. Also a Coues’ Key for cash. Send 
for list. All answered. W. C. PELTON, 
Dickinson, No. Dak. 


WANTED Canceled Columbian stamps. 
Denominations, l5c. and upwards to $5 issues, 
in exchange for first-class sets with full data. 
Allanswered. H.L. HEATON, Oberlin, Kan. 


a a a TL ET 
TO EXCHANGE—520 varieties of foreign 

stamps in 30c. album for U. S. stamps or cash. 

FRANK OWENS, Box 42, Brooklyn, Iowa. 


TO EXCHANGE— About 250 stamps, wanted 
books on Taxidermy, shooting or hunting. All 
answered. Address, HOWARD M. GILLET, 
Lebanon Springs, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE—A Four Pronged Fish 
Spear and a small Printing Press for the best 
offer of Singles or Hummer Skins and Nests. 
GEO. H. DAVIS, 129 Washington St., Paines- 
ville, Ohio. 


“BIRDS OF THE ST\TE OF NEW YORK 
by DeKay,Complete in one thick volume. 4to, 
cloth, 380 pages. text, illustrated with 141 finely 
engraved full page plates, beantifully colored 
by hand, showing 308 figures. This work is 
very scarce. It was published in 1844, as one of 
the vols. of the ‘Natural History af New York” 
and is usually sold at from $16 to $25 per copy. 
This Copy needs rebinding and has the common 
names of birds written underneath each figure 
—otherwise clean and in good condition, Our 
price, prepaid, only $12. F.H. LATTIN & CO 
Albion. N. Y. is 


0O1l1.OGISTS WANTED.—We want at once 
copies of the OOLOGIST as follows; July-Aug- 
ust, 1886; January-February, 1887 or Dec., 1886 
with the former attached; June, 1888; April, 
1889; March, 1892; and April, 1893. Wealso de. 
sire copies of our old 1885 ‘“‘OoLoGists HANp- 
Book.”’ For each and every copy of the above 
publications mailed us not later than February 
1, 1894, we will give l5cts worth of anything we 
advertise or offer for sale or will send credit 
check good for the amount. In addition to the 
above we wiil forward a ‘‘World’s Fair Alma- 
nac” for each of the first ten copies of each of 
th> six No’s of the OOLOGIST desired, also the 
Hivp-Book. (70 Almanacs in all.) Address at 
one, F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


Fine Egg Cabinets. 


Have 12 of the aboveon hand. 8 drawers $7 
to $9 each. Cases and cabinets to order. Ash 
Deer Shields, best fimish 75c. A. W. HANA- 
FORD, Taxidermist and Manufacturer of Nat- 
uralists Wood Working Supplies, 139 W.Fulton 
street, Grand Rapids, Mich. 


$810,000 "ie 
“TIED UP” 


In Shells, Curios, Specimens, 


and Souvenir Goods 


during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and 
this stock is a surplus one. 

The above hits our case exactly and we have move than this 
amount ‘‘tied up” insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s 
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do 
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the 
expense of shipping them there. 

If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10, 
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup- 
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col- 
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up- 
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a 
full and complete Dealer’s stock, we now ofter you an opportunity 
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact 
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly 


50 per cent. Less 
Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices. 


Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up- 
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per 
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. 

Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove 
Ave., Chicago, or if within roo miles of either place, call. It will 


pay you. 
Faithfully, 


F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


x 


VOL. X. ! 
COLLECTING AT NIGHT. 


-A Tale of the Adventures of a Tough, but 
Nervy, Young Egg-crank. 


By DIDYMUS. 
In the Gourse of discussion with a young friend 
of mine. F 
AS to who Gould write poetry in a manner so 
fine 


“That the boys of your paper would all thinkit’s 


great— 

Igrabbedup my pencil, my sponge and my 
slate 

And wrote off the doings I’m about to relate. 


For lam a poet as all of you know, 


And my power toplease I surely can show. 


So here is a poem in meter and rhyme 
Which J feel very certain will win every time; 
My subject’s attractive as it deals with a crime. 


Way back in the seventies there lived a young 
kid 


In whose little careass all the evils were hid— 


Which together, Combining, produced the egg- 
erank ; 

He had all the features, on that you can bank 

Your last dollar and win: Great Scott! he was 


rank. 

Now this tough little Aleck, fifteen years old 
or so, 

Used to guy all the school-marms to whom he 
did go— 

Till his poor widowed mother, to save the dis- 
erace \ 

Took the kid out of school and found him a 

ace 

On a farm, as “twas plain he must work; a clear 

case. 


So he watered the chickens. and curried the cow; 

Dug out the woodchucks, fed the pigs and fol- 
lowed the plow. 0 

He was not very large, but a tough little pill, 

Who could hustle the harrow, the grindstone 
or drill: 

In fact there*s no business but he thought he 
could fill. 


"The farmer was tickled and so was his spouse 


To secure a good youngester to milk and drive 

cows 

-And so this young egg-crank soon gained their 
esteem: 

“Fed on honey, preserves, ham and eggs, milk 
and cream— 

-And the scheme he soon worked slid off like a 
dream. 


__ THE O6LocisT. 


ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1893. 


NO. 12 

His mother mstructed the boss of the farm 

That this boy was an egg-crank, and to prevent 
harm, 

The best way to fix him, was not to permit 

A single day’s outing. A sensible hit. 

So the kid made a play, and theold farmer bit. 

The season was spring and the month it was 
May— 

And the cute kid had permission to sleep on the 
hay. 

So at night when he’d go to the barn for his 
rest 

He’d fly to the woods and the fields for a nest, 

Ina manner the granger would never have 
guessed. : 

In this way the Kid who had good eyes for finds 

When working in the day time, secured many 
kinds. 

He had Chippies and Bluebirds and Lark’s eggs 
not a few; 

There were eges of the Wood Thrush of deli- 
cate blue, 

Green Catbirds, rare Vireos and Orioles too. 


Nighthawk’s eggs were in this collection well 
hid; 

Whip-poor-will’s and some Killdeer’s 
securely locked lid. 

He had Shrike’s eges and Bluejay’s taken time 
and again— 

Forty-eight kinds of eggs he had taken and 
then— ; 

He found a new treasurer, the nest of a Wren. 

Now this House Wren it builtin the end of a 
gable. 

Of the house, and this kid wondered how he’d 
be able 

To sccop the eggs safely, with the farmer so 
near 

But he planned the whole matter inaway that 
I fear 

A few of my readers will think rather queer. 


under 


He took along rope to a tree on the side 

Of the house and then to it the rope he fast 
tied. 

With a pole quickly poked the rope over the 
peak 

Then listened and faltered already to sneak 

Should the farmer be wakened and the kitchen 
door creak. 

He next made a loop in the end of the rope 

And started to climb, very still, let us hope; 

Till at last on the roof he paused for a rest— 

He viewed his surroundings ere he plundered 
the nest, 


And the sight that he saw you’d scarcely have 
guessed. 


’ 


318 THE OOLOGIST. 


Twas moonlight and all things could be seen 
plain as day. 

When two men with rifles came up from the 
way 

‘Of the town road, but luckily they did not see 
the kid 

Who sat on the roof where he’s partially hid; 

There he shivered and shook like a teakettle 
lid. 


It was midnight, the robbers wore masks and 
spoke low 

They sneaked to the door, knocked and cried 
out—Hello! 

“we are sorry to call you Mr. Palmer so late 

Please open the door sir and our case we will 
state. 

Neighbor Smith’s cow is ailing and the danger 
is great.” 


The kind-hearted farmer came quick to the 
door; 

He even neglected to question before 

It was opened. Then quickiy the robbers cried 
“hold 

Up your hands you old duffer, we’ve come for 
your gold.” 

And they grabbed him, these cut-throats so 
fearless and bold. 


But the farmer was active and strong as a 
donkey 

And besides that when riled was inclined to be 
spunky 

So he struck out and knocked one down fiat on 
his back 

And gave to the other a serious crack 

Then the other jumped up n’gave the farmer a 
whack. 


Then the kid on the roof bravely grabbed up a 
brick 

From the chimney, and threw it so careful and 
quick, 

That it knocked down a robber and laid him 
out stiff. 

It caved in his skull, and next in a jiff 

He dropped from the roof n’gave the other a 
biff. ; 


Then a slip-noose was made of the rope hang- 
ing aown, 

And he suddenly slipped it right over the crown 

Of the cut-throat. Mr. Palmer held on with 
his might, 

While the kid grabbed the rope and drew it up 
tight; 

And the robber soon threw up his hands in af- 
fright. 

Soon the neighbors came over and the sheriff 
drove down, 

And the prowlers were hauled to the jail in the 
town. 

Then the trial came on and the egg-crank was 
there 


And when on the stand the kid had to swear 
What he did atthe time. My! The people didi 
stare. 


A thousand, clean cash; the reward to the boy~ 

Asthe robbers were tough ones and long did 
annoy 

The country around. And the old farmer said: 

“T’ll adopt this smart youngster, for ’d surely 
been dead 

If the boy hadn’t helped me and had a good 
head.” 


So now the young egg-crank will inherit the: 
farm 

And his plans for collecting all work to a charm, 

He has a big egg-case, six feet high or more 

Chuck full of the rarest, but he always wants. 
more. 

I'll stop this tale here or you'll think me a bore.. 


>>> 


Oology. 


What is odlogy? 

Webster says:—‘‘The science of eggs. 
in relation to their coloring, size, shape 
and. number. 

Who then is an oodlogist? 

Why, of course, one versed in odlogy. 

Simply then, odlogy relates to the 
study of eggs; that is to the egg-shell, 
or the ontside covering of the white 
and yolk; or the vitellus and albumen, 
as the scientist would call them. 

Is our whole provinee, then, confined 
to the study of variously colored shells. 
together with an idea of the number to: 
be found in each nest and the shapes of 
these lime-like coverings. 

A thousand times No! 

However, there are many so-called 
odlogists, who are content to accept the 
definition as given above, and who 
believe that they are advancing science 
by simply amassing a collection of eggs 
and in describing the colors, phases. 
and variations in shape and markings. 
And, I am sorry to add that the chief- 
est ones in the category are the so- 
called closet-naturalists, of cities, gen- 
erally; the ones who sit at home and. 
hire active collectors to do their bid- 
ding. 

Now let me express myself as to my 
opinion of what constitutes an odlogist. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Odlogy isa branch of ornithology and 
nothing more, and the man who pre- 
sumes to elevate it above the study of 
birds is as foolish as those who profess 
to be good ornithologists without 
knowing anything about the nesting 
habits of the common birds they study. 

As I understand it, a capable orni- 
thologist must understand the nidifica- 
‘tion of the birds he finds in his section 
while the odlogist should be fully able 
to identify the owners of the nests he 
yisits. 

Then too, to follow back a little fur- 
ther, we may say that ornithology is 
simply a branch of zodlogy. Any stud- 
ent of one or many branches of zoology 
is a naturalist—therefore, an oodlogist is 
a naturalist. However, we cannot al- 
low that every boy who sticks pins 
through butterflies and other insects, 
and spreads them in a case, is an en- 
tomologist, and neither does the act of 
preserving eggs, however well it is 
done, entire a boy or man, to the dis- 
tinction of an odlogist. To Webster’s 
dictionary, it may seem sufficient to 
note the accomplishments of an egg- 
erank lightly, but to the increasing num- 
ber of capable naturalists in our-country, 
the requirements are drawn much finer. 

In other words, the province of the 
egg-collector, or crank, as we may call 
him, in order to be well up in the slang 
of the times, is just as wide as we wish 
to make it. We can collect a lot of 
two-holed eggs, string them and hang 
the festoon on the wall—or we can 
study the habits of the birds—take 
notes and gather a great stock of in- 
formation that will be an everlasting 
source of pleasure to us. 

The boy who takes notes and studies 
intelligently, even if he does not col- 
lect eggs, is far superior to the one who 


gathers a mass of any kind of speci- 
mens without any knowledge of the 
subject. 

It is my advice to buy books; study 
in the woods and fields, and keep the 
pursuit up from year to year. 

EUGENE PERICLES. 


319: 


Not a Criticism. 

In the April No. of the O6LoGIsT 
there appeared an article under the 
head of *‘A Criticism,” which in part, 
as far as the Barn Owl is concerned, is. 
an unjust criticism; and I, like the au- 
thor, have only foregone a reply from 
the fact that I do not care to get into an 
extended d@scussion, nor do I feel like. 
contradicting a fellow oologist who has 
outlived ten generations of our odlogi- 
cal friends, but he should remember 
that this is a progressive age and that 
the birds and animals that afew gener- 
ations ago inhabited this country have 
disappeared and been replaced by |. 
others of different varieties,and in some 
cases by entirely different Species. 

His criticism reminds me of ‘‘The 
Owl Critic” and ‘The Barber,” where- 
in the critic implored the barber to 
“Take that Owl down.” Supposing it 
to be a mounted bird, he said, ‘‘I have 
studied for years the posture of Owls 
and there is nothing life-like about, it,” 
but when the Owl opened his eyes and 
said, ‘“‘Hoo! Hoo!” the author says: 
“The barber kept on shaving.”’ I have 
kept on collecting. 

Now, Mr. Editor, I don’t want free 
use of your columns for a discussion on 
Barn Owls, for with the information at 
hand I could write a volume on it, but 
I would like to vindicate myself by 
quoting from such authority as, F. M. 
Noe, who says that he has mounted no 
less than thirty that were killed in 
Hendricks Co:, Indiana. The Indiana 
State Taxidermist has a set of Barn 
Owl’s eggs taken in the State. The 
State Report of Indiana states that the 
‘Barn Owl” is generally distributed 
over the state. Mr. A. Butler says the 
Barn Owl is frequently met with in In 
diana. Mr. J. W. Hitt of Indianapolis 
writes me that he ‘‘has investigated the 
Barn Owl in Indiana, sinee he read 


Mr. Sirrom’s article, and althongh Mr. 
S. has lived a long time he is off on the 


Beg THE OOLOGIST. 


Barn Owl in Indiana!!” Mr. W. K. 
Saul, I. Eavans, and numerous others 
I could mention, have in a series of 
correspondence with the writer, pro- 
nounced the Bart Owl a resident of 
this State. So, now,:‘‘Boys of Indiana” 
if you find a nest of the Barn Owl in 
Indiana make sure of the identity and 
then make your data without fear of 
contradiction, for you hae the best 
authority of the State on your side. 

I fully agree with ‘the critic” that 
every collector should carefully and 
positively identify each and every set 
they take. I have watched a nest for 
hours to make sure of the identity when 
I was in the least doubt. 

I was for a time discouraged and 
thought perhaps I was wrong, but wiih 
letters from some of the best authority 
in this and adjoining states substantiat- 
ing my judgment I am still in the field 
more enthusiastic than ever. 

If Mr. Sirrom will kindly correspond 
with me on this subject I am sure I can 
convinee him that he is mistaken; and 
then I shall ask him toretract what he 
has said, as I feel he has done me an 
injustice as well as cast a reflection o 
the authority of the OsLoGisr and the 
‘sagacity of its most able editor. 

I do not claim to be perfect, 
fallible by any means, but Mr. Editor 
J believe it good policy to ‘‘Look be- 
fore you leap.” Investigate before you 
eriticise a thing. Mr.S. certainly did 
not do so in the case of the Barn Owl 
at least. 

In the ease of the 


i=) 


article in the Jan- 
uary No. it seems to me it would be 
to his enthusiasm, whether it 
would be a pleasure to hunt when one 
was so handicapped, but surely his ob- 
servations cowld and would:be of as 
much profit as though he had traveled 
‘in aristocratic style. It appears ac- 
cording to the very interesting and 
valuable articles recently published in 
the OdLoGisT on ‘The Life of Alexan- 
der Wilson,” that this noble man ex- 


OWLDS 


nor in- 


are numerous, 


perienced more hardships than could | 


possibly have attended the author of 


the aforesaid article. Yet “the critic” 
has not taken exception to that, and 
again I have found: that an ax ora 
hatchet is almost indispensable to good 
live collectors. Now, readers in hopes 
that our elder brother will endeayor to 
rectify his unintentional mistake, and 
so right the misinformed ‘‘boys of In- 
diana,” I beg to subscribe myself, 
Gro. W. PITMAN, 
New Castle, Indiana. 


> << + 


A Nest of the Ganvas-back. 


Seaburn,Manitoba, June 4, 1893. For 
some days I had ‘observed a pair. of 
Canvas-backs frequenting aslough that 
ran back fromthe Lake ashort distance, 
the sides of which were covered with a 

rank growth’ of small bushes coarse 
grass, old roots of trees and small 
patches of dry ground here and there, 
just the place. 1 thought for a nest. 
For several days I had paid the place a 
visit, upon each occasion observing the 
birds up at the far end of the slough, 
and although I searched carefully every 
time | never could discover the nest 
which I felt sure was there. On the 
morning-of the 4th Iwas awake early 
and finding it blowing strong from the 
North witha fine rain falling I deter. 
mined to go and have another search 
for the Canvas-back, as I knew such a 
day was good for “‘ egging.” 

Swallowing afew mouthfuls of break- 
fast I pull on my rabber boots, don my 
waterproof coat take my gun and start 
off for the slough, which is about 2 
miles distant. On my way I find a nest 
of the Sora Rail containing 11 eggs 
which are transferred to one of my 
boxes, Yellow-headed Blackbirds nests 
but I am impatient to 
reach my destination and don’t stop to 
examine them. While I am making a 
short cut through a path of bush I come 


ce THE OOLOGIST. 321 


across two pairs of Maryland Yellow- 
throats evidently mated. I take note 
of the locality intending to visit it 
again, which I did upon several occa- 
sions but never saw the birds again. 
IT hurry along and in a few more min- 
utes lam at the slough, entering the 
water I start to wade slowly up keep- 
ing a sharp look out for the birds, in a 
few moments I can see every yard of 
the water but no birds are to be seen, 
while I am standing wondering what 
can have become of the birds something 
comes skimming round the corner of 
the slough out from the Lake, and 
comes within 30 vards of me and then 
turns off back into the Lake, not how- 
ever before I have identified it as a 
male Canvas-back, my gun goes to 
my shoulder as the bird comes so 
close, but I think better and let him go. 

Feeling encouraged I start to wade on 
again and have not gone more than 100 
yards, when I heara flutter and a splash 
about fifteen yards in front of me and 
while I am gazing intently ahead I see 
the head, neck and partly submerged 
body of the female, as she comes to the 
surface of the water (she had dived off 
her nest as I thought) no sooner is she on 
the surface than she takes wing and is 
soon away. : 

A search of a few seconds is sufficient 
to find the nest, situated on a small 
patch of dry ground about two yards in 
diameter, it is composed of dry grass 
with a little down and contained five 
eggs of a pale greenish color, as I knew 
this was not the full set I leave them 
after carefully marking the place, I vis- 
ited the nest twice after this and on 
both occasions the bird was off and the 

eges were covered up; after leaving the 
nest four days.and only finding seven 
eggs I came to the conclusion she had 
laid her full set and so took them. 

G. F. Dipprin, 


Toronto, Canada. 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


His Southern Subscription Tour. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH 


Wa 

Although Wilson’s Northern tour 
was devoid of a brilliant financial sue- 
cess, yet it by no means discouraged 
him from further pnrsuing the task he 
had entered upon with so much ardor 
and enthusiasm. Wherever he went 
he exhibited his work with so much 
zeal, was received with so much kind- 
ness, loaded with so much praise and 
compliments, that to secure only forty- 
one subscribers for his toil and diligence 
was a discouragement great enough to. 
depress the bouyant spirits of any one 
save Alexander Wilson. Yo him, who 
was so accustomed to disappointments 
and failures although it did cast a con- 
siderable gloom over his prospects of fu- 
ture success, yet by no means so de- 
pressed his hopes as to defer his depart- 
ure for another extended subscription 
tour through the south, after a brief tar- 
ry with his friends at Philadelphia. 

Winter with its many inconveniences 
had fairly set in when Wilson bent his 
steps in the direction of the south on 
the second of his famous pilgrimages 
in search of subscribers and informa- 
tion. Unaccompanied he pursued his 
Journey towards Baltimore where he 
arrived early in December, 1808. The 
journey was a fatiguing one, performed 
at a disagreable season of the year, and 
without a single companion to lessen 
the sense of solitude naturally arising 
from ones mingling with strange peo- 
ple ina strange locality. He pursued 
the exhibition of his prospectus at Bal- 
timore with great determination and 
zeal, and was rewarded by securing 
sixteen new subscribers. Elated with 
this unexpected and gratifying success 


“Ore 


-at Baltimore our traveller hopefully 
turned his face inthe direction of An- 
napolis. Here he passed his book 
‘through both houses of the State Legis- 
lature waich was then in session, but as 
far as securing subscribers was con- 
cerned the sages of Maryland might 
_just as well have been somewhere else, 
as the negatives were everything and 
the affirmatives nothing. Every Law- 
yer on the bench examinea the book 
with the utmost deliberation, but the 
enormous sum of one hundred and 
twenty dollars for a book seemed to 
them wholly out of the bounds of rea- 
son, and Wilson was: obliged to depart 
without a single name being added to 
the list. At Baltimore he met with 
flattering success, at Annapolis with a 
most discouraging failure. Where so 
many wise men were assembled one 
would suppose his book would be fa- 
vorably received, but in this case as in 
innumerable others the sum of one 
hundred and twenty dollras arose like 
an evil genius between him and _ his 
hopes. Still our hero for such he de- 
serves to be called was in no wise dis- 
couraged by the deision of the people 
of Annapolis, but with determined step 
he pursued his route through tobacco 
fields, sloughs, and swamps of this il- 
literate corner of the State, as he chose 
“to call it, to Washington a distance of 
thirty-eight miles. This journey was 
attended with considerable inconveni- 
ence and misery there being but a few 
miles of road, and a poor substitute for 
a road at that. He writes that on the 
way he saluted and opened fifty-five 
gates with all the patience he could 
muster, each one compelling him to de- 
scend into the mud to open it. The 
Negroes were particularly numerous 
in this reglon and he declares them as 
being wretchedly clad, in some cases 
their filthy bundle of rags being scarce- 
ly sufficient to cover their nakedness, 
yet-the negroes were extremely oblidg- 
dng and kind and very civilly showed 


THE OOLOGIST. 


our traveler the road, when he halted 
before their miserable huts to’ inquire 
the way. 

The Capitol City Washington present- 
ed a much different appearance at the 
time Wilson entered it, than it does to- 
day. The Capitol buildings were new 
and about the only editices of any ac- 
count then in the city. Wilson says, 
that the only improvement going on 
was the building of one brick house. 
Thomas Jefferson was then President 
and it was he to whom Wilson applied 
for encouragment. Jefferson was a 
great lover of birds, in fact he had cor- 
responded with Wilson previously in 
reference to a strange bird seen in his 
native state, Virginia, and which Wil- 
son was enabled to identify as the 
Wood Thrush. The President received 
Wilson with marked respect and kind- 
ness; their conversation being much on 
the subject of ornithology, which sub- 
ject Jefferson was deeply interested in 
and to which he paid considerable at- 
tention to, even with the more import- 
ant duties of Executive to look after. 

At this time there was living in Vir- 
ginia a person who had spent the whole 
of his life in the interesting study of or- 
nithology, and who was occupied with 
collecting information on the subject 
for the President. To this gentleman 
the President gave Wilson a letter of 
introduction and intrusted the commis- 
sion of gathering the information to 
him. 

From Washington the Ornithologist 
pushed his way to Norfolk, Virginia, 
where he had considerable success in 
exhibiting his book. He found the 
streets of Norfolk, as were the majority 
of the city streets in the south at that 
time, little better than mud _ holes 
through which he urged his horse with 
difficulty. 

It may be well to insert in this con- 
nection a brief account of the general 
features of the country and its inhabi- 
tants in order that the reader may form 


THE OOLOGIST. 


‘an idea of the hardships our traveler 
experienced in his journey from Wash- 
ington to Savannah. 

To a stranger the climate of Virginia 
cand the Carolinas was such that with- 
out proper preventatives one was en- 
dangered with that dreaded southern 
disease, malaria fever, Wilson said the 
inhabitants use brandy as a safe guard 
for this disease and so universal is the 
pratice that the first thing you find 
them employed in after rising, is, prepar- 
ing the usual morning’s beverage, which 
is the brandy toddy. He said it was 
almost next to impossible to meet a 
man whose lips were not parched and 
blistered with drinking the poison. He 
lodged one night at the honse ofa plant- 
er, who informed him that out of a fam- 
‘ily of thirteen children only three sur- 
vived all having been carried away 
with the bilious fever. There were two 
alternatives to the inhabitants; drink 
brandy, or have the ague. Wilson 
rather than form the habit of using the 
poison decided to take his chances. 
He escaped the disease, and how he 
remained in that latitude four months 
without contracting the fever was a 
wonder to himself and to the inhabi- 
tants. 

The accomodations our traveler re- 
ceived while in this region were some- 
what different from what they are now 
and from what he was accustomed to 
receive. The taverns in the south were 
shocking substitutes for public houses 
and were the most desolate and wretch- 
ed places imaginable; bare, bleak and 
dirty walls, with one or two broken 
chairs and a bench, forming-all the fur- 
niture of an apartment. The negroes 
condueted everything; there being but 
a single or a few white females in a,tav- 
ern, and these seldom made their ap- 
pearance. The males were unworthy 
of the name and added to the unappe- 
tizing flavor of the establishment a half 
a dozen or more half clothed negroes 
surrounded you,glad of the opportunity 


323 


of waiting on astranger. These tay- 
erns were elevated on props about 
four or five feet from the ground 
leaving a roomy retreat below for the 
hogs of which each landlord or planter 
would own a hundred or more. Wil- 
son Says every night the hogs came to 
rendezous under the house and with 
whose charming yocal performance the 
wearied traveller is serenaded the 
whole night long, till he is forced to 
curse the hogs, the “honse, and every- 
thing about it. 

AtWashington, NorthCarolina he cros- 
sed the Tar river and journeed to Wil- 
mington, a distance of over a hundred 
miles, and along the whole route there 
were ouly three taverns, two of which 
were closed, the landlords having ydied 
with fever. Later he writes from 
Charleson; ‘‘the general features of 
North Carolina, where I crossed it, are 
immense solitary pine savannas, through 
which the road winds’ among stagnant 
ponds, swarming with alligators; dark 
sluggish creeks of the color of brandy 
enormous cypress swamps, which toa 
stranger, have a striking desolate and 
ruinous. appearance.” Within the re- 
cesses of these immense cypress swamps 
lived many rare birds unknown to Wil- 
son. He attempted to penetrate some 
of the swamps in search of birds; but 
was obliged tu give up in despair. 
however he found many birds on the 
margins of these swamps unknown in 
Pennsylvania. Remaining at Wilming- 
ton a brief time he rode through soli- 
tary pine savannas, and cypress 
swamps as he had done before, some- 
times thirty miles, without seeing a hut, 
ora human being. All through South 
Carolina he pursued a circuitous route 
in- order that he might visit all the 
planters. 5 

Wilson fared even better than his 
horse for soon after he had left Wilming- 
ton his faithful steed became exhaus- 
ted by continual exertion and he was 
obliged to exchange with.a planter. 


324 THE OOLOGIST. 


getting a veritable southern horse in 
exchange. He said of his new horse; 
‘““two or three times he has nearly brok- 
en my neck and at Georgetown 
ferry he threw one of the boatman 
into the river; but he is an excellent 
traveller, and for that one quality I 
forgive him all his sins, only keeping 
a close rein and a sharp look out.” 

Our traveler has reached Charleston, 
at which place he says he was as well 
acquainted with the streets as he was 
with those of New York and Boston. 
He was particularly struck with the 
super abundance of negroes in Charles: 
ton, as he wasin all the southern 
cities, and says that they destroy the 
activity of the whites. He says that 
even the bricklayers stand with their 
hands in their pockets and overlook 
their negroes. With the exception of 
the neglect of a few, who agreed to 
supply him with the names of those 
likely to subscribe, he was well pleased 
with the inhabitants of Charleston and 
added a number of names to his sub- 
scription list. Wilson heard of General 
Wilkinson’s arrival in the city, and at 
once called on him and was rewarded 
by entering his name on the list and re- 
ceiving his unbounded praise. 

Late in Febuary he set out in the di- 
rection of Savannab, and it was on this 
journey that he became acquainted 
with the Ivory-billed Woodpecker, the 
King of the Picus family. An account 
of the remarkable experience he had 
with one ofthese birds appeared a num- 
ber of years ago in the OOLOGIST un- 
der the title of ““A Red-headed Family” 
and from which I reduce the following, 
as my readers may have forgotten the 
incident. He wounded an Ivory-billed 
Woodpecker slightly in the wing, 
which on being’ caught uttered a con- 
stant ery, resembling that of a young 
child. The cry was so distressing, that, 
as he carried the bird through the 
streets, people hurried to the windows 
to see from whence it proceeded. As 


he drove up to the tavern, the landlord’ 
and bystanders were much perplexed 
by Wilson’s asking for lodgings for 
himself and baby. Finally he uncoyer-. 
ed the bird much to the amusement 
and astonishment of the people. He 
took the woodpecker upstairs, and lock- 
ed him in a chamber, while he went. 
to give directions concerning his horse. 
In less than an hour he returned, and 
on opening the chamber door he found 
the bird had mounted at the side of the 
window, a little below the ceiling, and 
was battling for liberty by making a 
hole through the side of the house. 
The bed was covered with large pieces 
of plaster, the lath was expused in a. 
space fifteen inches square, and a con- 
siderable hole beaten through the lath- 
ing to the weather boards; so that, had 
not Wilson returned, it would soon 
have released itself from bondage. 
He then tied the bird to the top of a. 
mahogany table by means of a string 
fastened’ to its leg and went out in 
search of suitab¥e food for it. When 
he returned, he found that it had given 
vent to its rage by pecking holes in the. 
table, which was entirely ruined, with 
blows from its powerful bill. While 
Wilson was sketching it, it cut him in 
several places, and displayed such an 
invincible spirit, that he was tempted 
to. restore it to the woods. It refused 
all food, and lived but a few days. 

At Savannah he found the air as op- 
pressive as in midsummer in Philadel- 
phia; although it was early spring the 
thermometer registered as high as 
eighty degrees. The streets he said 
were beds of burning sand. Here he 
meta naturalist, a Mr. Abbot, who had 
published a book upon the inséets of 
Georgia, and who from a long resident 
of the state and a competent observer, 
was able to give Wilson a store of infor- 
mation about the southern birds. 

At Savannah he was advised to go to 
Atlanta, where he was assured hé could 
get fifteen subscribers, but he thought 


é 


E 
: 


2.06X1.81,. 2.12x1.70. 


that would not recompense for the ex- 


tra expense and trouble. Moreover 
his health was uncertain and his money 
getting low, so be decided to return to 
New York by sea, which he did and ar- 
rived there in March, 1809. 

He says himself that his southern 
trip was the most arduous and fatigu- 
ing he ever undertook. Yet as far as 
subseribers were concerned this trip was 
more profitable than the northern, for 
now he had succeeded in gaining two 
hundred and fifty dn all, nearly two 
hundred of which were obtained in the 


south, but he said they were obtained 


ata price worth more than five times 
their amount. The greatest benefit de- 


rived from this journey consisted in the 


great mass of information obtained 
eoneerning the birds which winter in 
the South, and some that never visit 
the Northern States. 


Notes on the Birds of Henry Co., Iowa. 


Thinking possibly that a few of my 
no<es for 1893 might interest the readers 
of the ‘O6LoGIsT”’ so here they go. I 
did not get out very early in the spring 
so I misse! the earliest nesters: 

April, 8—I found a nest of the Red- 
tailed Hawk (Buteo borealis) placed in a 
large sugar maple about 50 ft. frome the 
ground. It was quite a bulky affair, 
for the birds have nested there for three 
consecutive seasons,and each year added 
more material to tne nest. On mount- 
ing to the nest I found it to contain 
three eggs of a whitish color, marked 
with spots of reddish-brown, one 
of them marked but faintly with spots. 
The eggs measure as follows; 2.06x1.69, 
This is the most 
plentiful hawk that we have nesting in 
this locality. 

May, 2—I found a_ Ked-shouldered 
Hawk’s (buteo lineatus) nest, placed 
about the same height from the ground 


THE COLOGIST. * 325 


as the Red-tail’s, it contained three 
eggs, that measure; 2.06x1,69, 2.09x1.72, 
¥.12x1.69. The eggs were so nearly the 
size and color of the Red-tail’s, as to 
defy identification by the eggs. This 
hawk is next to the Red-tail in’ adund- 
ance in this community. 

May, 5—Fiushed a Ruffed Grouse 
from her nest which contained twelve 
eggs. This bird is becomming quite 
rare in this county. 

May, 11—I collected a set of four 
eggs of the Cooper’s Hawk, (Accipiter 
coopert) they were of a light blue color 
and but faintly spotted with brown. 
The nest was palced in a black oak 25ft. 
from terra firma, I think it was an old 
crow’s nest. The eggs measure; 2.06x 
WHOA) ileteteratlsae,. | Aslan eOiracll a0), 
This little faleon is the most common 
of our smaller hawks that we have 
nesting in this county. He makes a 
great deal of racket in the nesting sea- 
son. 

May, 17—I found a nest of the Tow- 
hee, (Pipilo erythrophthalmus) which 
contained three of its own eggs and 
five of the Cowbird’s.. The nest was 
placed under the bauk of a small ripp- 
ling brook not more than 4 ft. from the 
water's edge. This bird is very plenti- 
ful in this county, and I often find the 
Cowbird’s ege in its nest. 

May, 25—I secured a set of five 
Worm-eating Warbler’s (Helmitherus 
vermivorus)eges, they were of a creamy 
White with spots and specks of red and 
brown. The nest was placed in dense: 
woods and composed of leaves lined. 
with hair-like m.ss and horse hair. 
The eggs measure; .71x.55, .72x.57, .71x 
08, .76x.55, .77x.56. 

This species is quite rare in this coun- 
ty, this being the only nest I ever 
found. 

May, 29—I secured a set of four Blue- 
gray Gnateatcher’s (Polioptda cerulen) 
eggs from a nest placed in an iron- 
wood about 15 ft. from the ground. 
The eggs were of a bluish-white color 


326 


speckled with chestnut, one of them 
had a flesh .colored. ground. There 
was a Cowbird’s egg in the nest. 
The nest was the most beautiful of any 
that I have ever found of this species, it 
was covered nicely with lichens out- 
wardly and lined with fine grass and 
hair. This bird is by no means rare in 
this county, yet its nest is not found 
very often. 

June, 2—I found a nest of the Blue- 
winged Warbler’s (Helminthophila pin- 
us,) which contained three of its own 
eggs, and two of the Cowbird’s, the 
nest was placed on the ground at the 
foot of a clump of may apples. It was 
composed of leaves outwardly lined 
with ‘air. This Cowbird (Molothrus 
ater) is afeathered culprit that ought 
to be exterminated from the feathered 
tribe. It is seldom that I find a small 
bird’s nest without one or more of the 
Cowbird’s eggs init. Ihave found its 
eggs as early as April 26 and as late as 
July 21. If the female lays off and on 
during all this time no wonder they in- 
crease rapidly, and [see no reason to 
prove that they do not. I would like 
to hear from others on this point. 

June, 14—I collected a set of four 
light-blue eggs of the Wood ‘Thrush 
(Lurdus mustelinus). The nest was 


~ placed in a white oak about 20 ft. from 


the ground near a running stream and 
compesed of leaves mixed with mud 
and lined with fibrous roots. This bird 
is quite plentiful in certain localities in 
this county. 

June, 16—I. secured a set of three 
eggs of the Prairie Horned Lark, (Oto- 
corus alpestris lewcolema) from a nest 
placed by a hill of corn in a eorntield 
-and composed of grass lined with hair 
and bits of wool. This bird is one of 
the most interesting that has come un- 
der my observations. It is very plen- 
tiful, staying with us all the year. It 
nests from March to August. I found 
a nest last year the first of April, which 
contained three half-tledged birds, the 


THE OOLOGIST. 


uext day there came quite a snow, the 
next morning I went to see how the 
nestlings were and behold! there was 
only a lifeless body, and the nest desert- 
ed. Ihave observed a habit that this 
bird has that I have not seen described, 
it is that of mounting in the air by re- 
peated short flights, and poising be- 
tween each and singing its iittle lays, 
and when it descends it extends its 
wings and drops like an arrow. Often 
of a spring morning have I watched 
this bird as it ascends and descends the 
sky, as if overflowing with joy. It on- 
ly does this in the early spring I think. 

Aug., 25—I collected a set of four 
eggs of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo’s 
(Coccyzus americanus), from a _ nest 
placed on a horizontal limb of a white 
oak, about 10 tt. from the ground and 
composed of twigs very loosely put to- 
gether, even so I could see the eggs 
through the nest. In the October 
“OQoLocist” Mr. Wake say’s in his inte- 
resting article ‘Ould Lang Syne” ‘‘that 
he found a Yellow-billed Cuckoo’s nest 
Aug. 17, 1893 and is that not very late?” 
It is not for this locality, for most of 


the nests that I have found have been 
in August although they nest in June 


and July. You will often find young 


half-fledged birds in the same nest 
with fresh eggs, in fact 1 haye not 


found a nest that -contained all fresh 
eggs. 

Sept., 16—I 
light blue eggs of the American Gold- 


secured a set of four 


finch (Spines tristis), from a nest placed 
in a thistle and composed of grass, fine 
rootlets, interwoven with cobwebs, 
and was lined with wool, thistle down 
etc. This is the latest bird to nest 
we have in this county. 
I am yours in the study of birds. 
Davib L. SAVAGE, 


Salem, Iowa. 


THE OOLOGIST. 327 


THE OOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
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Raptores of Michigan. 


(SIXTH PAPER.) 

By SCOLOPAX. 
SHORT-EARED OWL, Asio accipitrinus. 
{Pall.) Iknow so little about this bird 
that I can advance but little in the way 
of notes, regarding it, and must mainly 
give the notes of others. Ten or more 


lists of Michigan, and state local lists 
embrace it, and both peninsulas offer 
notes on this species. 

The Short-eared Owl is properly con- 
sidered a migrant in our state, as most 
of the records are taken in spring and 
fall, still several observers report that 
the species breed and is a resident. 

It is rather difficult to draw a fair 
conclusion from these notes particularly 
if we are critical, as their observations 
do not agree. I have at hand the 
notes of some observers, who, though 
not known to the reading public are 
nevertheless reliable. These notes in 
connection withthe records mentioned 
above and my own observations lead me 
to speak of the Short-eared Owl as fol- 
lows: 

A migrant generally in Michigan, 
coming from the north, probably from 
as far as the fiftieth parallel, and reach- 
ing our southern boundary, in October 
usually, mostly pass us: to the south; 
but some. remain during the winter. 
Again common in late April, after 
which few are seen. 

I have seen this owl as late as May 
16th in the spring, while I have known 
it to be common in mid-winter, but I 
do not know of an instance of its eggs 
being taken in the state. “Resident: 
breeds” may do well enough to fill up 
space in a catalogue, either printed or 
manuscript, but this information so 
common in our lists all over the coun- 
try with this, as well as other species, is 
copied by one authority from another 
until at last it is accepted fully without 
one jot of evidence having been pre- 
sented. Ido not deny that the Short- 
eared Owl breeds in the state, but I 
should be pleased to receive complete 
notes on the nesting from a reliable 
source. 

Now a word about this owl and other 
birds as residents. I do not think that 
a Short-eared Owl ever remains in 
Michigan throughout the year, but, as 
they are migratory to a certain extent 


328 THE OOLOGIST. 


I believe Michigan Short-ears leave us 
for the south and that those we see in 
the winter months are representatives 
from the far North, perbaps from as 
high as the 60th or even the 70th paral- 
lel. 

The Short-ear is found to be quite 
common at times, and a young obser- 
ver who scares up five to ten of them 
from the North where he is hunting 
spring or autumn, is liable to enter 
‘abundant’ in his note book. However, 
it may be a long time before he meets 
another family or band. 

This bird seems to prefer low marshy 
tracts where it is found in the coarse 
thick grass. It finds its food in these 
situations, another favorite resort is 
wild fields on prairies. The members 
of a family are often found in company 
in the autumn and winter, 
many as six or seven have been seen in 
one band. 

The nest is said to be built on the 
ground and generally in the coarse 
grass. The eggs, five to sévenin num- 
ber, are white: and globular and possess 
the usual features of owl’s eggs. Davie 
says that the nest is sometimes placed 
beside a log, at the foot of a bush, or in 
a burrow made by a rabbit or muskrat. 

BARRED OWL, Syrnium nebulevsu mn. 
(Forst.) This is one of our best known 
nocturnal birds of prey. I think that 
more Barred Owls are killed than of 
any of the owls excepting the Great 
Horned. 

This bird is well distributed and lL 
have found it in many parts of the 
state, including pine lands, oak woods 
on the uplands and in low woods. 
inclined to think that it prefers beech 
and maple, and ash and basswood for- 
ests. 

It is much confined to the woods, 
rarely leaving the forest, uniess occa- 
sionally at night when on a foraging 
expedition. It is eminently a night 
flyer and though it can see to fly dur- 
ing the day it rarely attempts diurnal 


and as.- 


Am - 


‘advanced incubation. 


trips, unless it is cloudy. I have re~ 
peatedly walked and ridden within 


_three or four rods of an owl which was. 


perched in a tree, before it would take 
wing.= When disturbed, it noiselessly 
flaps its way to another perch, afew 
rods'away, from which it will only take. 
leave when pressed. It is fair to say 


‘ that this ow] has thé poorest sight dur- 


ing:the day of any of the birds of my 
neighborhood, with perhaps one excep- 
tion. Ihave often observed cne in the: 
woods which would gaze constantly at. 
me with big, dark, staring eyes. At 
these-times if an observer walks about. 
the tree on which nebulosum is perched, 
the} head »will apparently continue to. 
revolve, causing one to wonder why 
the neck is not twisted off. In reality, 
the owl turns its head about, but so 
quickly that the act can only be detect—_ 
ed by a very quick and observant eye. 

Although so common, I have never 
taken the eggs of this species, and as. 
far as I can learn, the collectors: 
threughout the state have not met with 
flattering success. Many egg-cranks. 
have not found this. owl nesting, and 
very few indeed have secured more 
than one set of eggs. Repeatedly, we 
have patiently watched for the n. sting 
arrangements to be completed but - 
something was sure to occur to scare 
the birds away. 

Richard Westredge has found two. 
sets. One in ‘a large elm on April 28, 
the 1891 contained three young birds. 
One nest in a small grove found April 
9, 1895 in a basswood quite 60 feet up, 
and evidently an old hawk’s habitation, 
held a single egg well advanced in in- 
cubation. 

K. R. Willhelm gives the notes: snr. 
21, 1887. One egg and one bird about, 
two days old, in cavity of dead beech, 
Kalamazoo Co., Mich. Nest of dead. 
leaves and feathers; nearly level with 
opening. April 15, 1891. Three eggs, 
Cavity in large. 
dead oak. 


am informed that Mr. E. W. Durfee 


of Houghton has taken the eggs from 


the same nest for three years; the earli- 


- est date being March i4th and the lat- 


1» 


-est April 4th. 


adjoining counties. 


Mr. Durfeesays the eggs 
are three in number, white and spheri- 
eal. : 

abe egos are usually deposited in a 
hollow in a tree, but Oliver Davie says 
that an old hawk’s or crow’s nest is also 


occupied, and this is not unlikely when: 
we compare the nesting habits of the 


Great Horned Owl. which are well stud- 


ded hereabouts, and known to vary in 


ehoice of site. 


ln 1879)) April 12th, my lamented 


friend, Charles W. Gunn of Grand Rap- 


ids, found a pair of Owls nesting in a 


hollow limb of asyeamore tree. Mr. 
Benjamin F. Syke, of Kalamazoo, Mich- 
igan, has twice found this owl breeding 
in Southern Michigan. Joseph West- 
nedge, Frank Judson and Leon Reed 
haye also found nests in Kalamazoo or 
All of these nest- 
ing sites were hollows and-generally 
well up from the ground. 

The eggs of the ‘‘Round-head,”’ or 
*“Wood- Owl’ are two or three in num- 
ber. Some authorities say four, but 
this number is not reached in the Pen- 
insular State. In appearance, they 
mezy be said to be good smaller copies 
of the eggs of the Great Horned Owl. 

The notes of this ow] ave very pleas- 
ing tome. Hollow and reverberating 
like the notes of the larger owls, they 
still are quite dissimilar from the songs 
or cries of all nocturnal birds. It is 
difficult to describe, and to bé apprecia- 
ted ought to be heard. Yo meit is very 
pleasing, and the cries of a Barred Owl 
about the camp always lend a marked 
attraction to this free out-door life. 

On April 9, 1873, I secured a fine live 
Specimen which I kept as apet. At 
first it was very savage and would 
throw itself on its back when touched. 
defending itself with its claws. After 
some weeks it improved in manners 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ph et gee oe Eg Nae 7i.\-- .' 
ti ary cat ; whe 


829 


and would take strips of meat from my 
fingers. It finally accepted caresses 
and seemed to like to be stroked, but it 
always mopped its bill with a loud noise 
whenewer I approached. Jowned it 
for a year, during which time it flew 
about the hay loft of the barn. At 
times it was sadly neglected, but I am 
satisfied that it was about able to take 
eare of itself, at least for a time, for I 
found the boluses of hair-and bones 
Which it at times threw up from its 
crop and which upon examination 
proved to be the remains of mice which 
were quite plenty about the barn. This 
owl would eat fish, fiesh or fowl with 


equal avidity and would always swal- 


low birds,mammals or fish entire if pos- 
sible. Never unwilling to accept and 
swallow food if of proper dimensions, - 
he would never in my presence touch 
or tear to pieces a chunk of meat but 
would patiently wait until he was 
alone. At last he escaped one Juckless 
(for him) Sunday morning and was 
ruthlessly shot while the church bells 
were ringing, by a man who thought 
more of his hen-roost than he did of 
holding the day sacred. 

This common owl is not rarely called, 
the “barn owl” by the ignorant, and I 
have had specimens brought me and 
thus wrongly identified as. this much 
rarer species. And I have no. doubt 
that observations are. sometimes incor- 
rectly recorded confounding these two 
owls. 


GREAT GRAY OWL, Scotiapteryx cin- 
erca (Gmel). This is a rare strageler 
from the far north and is very rarely 
seenin the Lower Peninsula of our 
state. Nearly all of the state lists omit 
this owl, and all of the older authorities 
ignore it, with the exception of Knee- 
land’s Birds of Keweenaw Point, 1857. 
Covert, 1878, Birds of Lower Peninsula 
embraces this Owl. Mr. A. W.. Boies 
has found it in the Upper Peninsula. 
Professor J. B. Steere embraces it in his 
Migration of Michigan Birds. Mr. 


330 


Brayton includes it as a rare winter vis- 
itor in Northern Indiana, and if he is 
correct then this Ow] may be found at 
times in the southern part of our state. 
As this species only nests at the far 
north it will not be required to describe 
the nest and eggs. 


RICHARDSON’S OWL, ‘SPARROW OWL,’ 
Nyctala tengmalmi richardsoni (Bonap). 
Embraced by Covert’s Birds of the 
Lower Peninsula 1878. He says it is a 
rare winter visitor and mentions the 
capture of two specimens. Again inhis 
list of Birds of Washtenaw county, 1881, 
he says: ‘‘Avrare winter visitor, only 
two specimens have been secured’’’ G. 
A. Stockwell in Birds of Michigan, pub- 
lished in Forest and Stream, reference 
not now at hand, embraces this Owl as 
a bird of the Upper Peninsula. J. A. 
Allen, Esq says that this bird is probably 
a winter visitor in our U. P. as it has 
been taken in Ohio, Illinois and Wiscon- 
sin. A rare straggler. 


SAW-WHET OWL; ACADIAN Own, WNy- 
ctala acadica (Gmel). This isoursmall- 
est Owl. Dr. H. Atkins took one at 
Locke, Dec. 18, ’82, which weighed less 
than two ounces, Some observations 
have been made in the state which lead 
me to think that the collectors con- 
funded this species with megascops, and 
particularly is this probable in the nest- 
ing notes. Errors will creep into the 
best of lists and where persons of auth- 
ority make even more serious mistakes, 
and wrongfully accredit a strictly Pac- 
ific slope species to Michigan, it be- 
comes aserious matter as well as ridicul- 
ous in the extreme. One obsolete cata- 
logue of winter birds embraced the Pig- 
my Owl, Glaucidium gnoma, Wag. as 
- a Michigan bird, and Professur J. B. 
Steere of the State University at Ann 
Arbor makes the same error, by inclu- 
ding the Pigmy as a state resident in his 
Migration of Michigan Birds published 
in 1880. I merely mention this to illus- 
trate now seriously an authority can ef- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


fect the accuracy of the notes of the 
younger observors of the state. A great 
many collectors immediately called 
their Acadian Owls, ‘‘Pigmys’’ and an 
occasional question comes up regarding 
this error, even at this late date. 

The Acadian Owlis so generally re- 
ported that authorities will not be pres- 
ented. From Sager’s time in the thir-- 
ties to the present nearly all observers. . 
in both peninsulas have found it and I 
am satisfied that it is a generally distri- 
buted species but never common. 

It is reported to nest in Indiana. Coy- 
ert reports one nest in Washtemaw 
county, Michigan on May 23, 1879, and 
adds that it is a ‘‘very common winter 
visitor.’’ Ido not think this applica- 
tion ‘‘very common’’ is suited to this 
species anywhere in America and it is 
to be doubted-if any collector could bag 
two specimens per day for a month in 
any locality. Collectors of Kalamazoo 
county, which lies one hundred miles 
west of Washtenaw have not secured 
Six specimens, all told, in twenty years. 

The nests have been taken in Oakland 
county and the downy young captured 
in Kent county. The globular, white 
eggs, five to seven in number, are de- 
posited on the chips at the bottom of an 
excavation, generally anold Woodpeck- 
ers habitation. 

I have heard the odd stridulous notes 
which somewhat resemble the noise 
produced by filing a saw and from 
which this Owl gets one of its names. 


1 <> 


A Problem. 


It is a curious fact in studying 
birds, that we often find two nearly re- 
lated species replace each other in one 
locality though they both have the 
same range. 

I have seldom taken a walk without 
seeing one or more Scarlet Tanagers, 
yet I have seen but one specimen of the 
Summer Tanager though I am told the 


N 


THE OOLOGIST. 


latter was once the more abundant of 
the two. 

There is another instance which I 
wouid like to relate. To my certain 
knowledge Ihave never seen an Or- 
chard Oriole in this vicinity while the 
Baltimore is very abundant. Upon 
going to central Illinois, I found the 
reverse of the case presented, the Or- 
chard Oriole was present and the Bal- 
timore absent. An observing resident 
informed me that he had never seen 
one though on a constant outlook for 
them, and, I may add the presence of 
the Baltimore is not hard to detect. 

Many instances of a like character 
might be related. [Lam at loss in as- 
signing a reason for this, as I do not 
think the locality can be unfavorable. 
Can any of the readers enlighten me? 

G. POTTER, 
Peru, Ind. 


A Captive Screech Owl. 


On the morning of Feb. 10th we cap- 
tured a Screech Owl of the red type in 
our barn, where he had been driven by 
the storm. I kept him in the loft 
for three weeks and so had a good 
opportunity to study him. I found that 
he slept in the morning, when it was al- 
most impossible to awake him, but was 
very lively in the afternoon. He seemed 
to prefer to eat at night. He killed two 
large rats either of which would cer- 
tainly have outweighed him; a feat 
which surprised me very much. I have 
heard him give three distinct notes. 
One is like twee-ee-ee, twee ee ee, ee-a, 
ee-a. -Another is ov made entirely in 
the throat. His alarm note is made by 
snapping his beak. J have never hoard 
him give the schreeching notes in cap- 
tivity. He measured as follows, wings 
spread, 19 in.; length, 104 in.; tail 3 in,; 
ear tufts, 14 in. 

W. E. AIKEN, 
Benson, Vt. 


dol 


A Peculiar Nesting Site. 


It was early during the collecting of 
the spring of 1890 that my attention 
was called to the peculiar nesting site 
of a pair of Yellow-shafted Flickers 
which I shall describe. 

On a small hill about a quarter of a 
mile distant from my home stood a 
haystack which had been placed there 
two years..prior to the time of which I 
write. ‘The neighbor to whom _ the 
stack belonged eut it through the mid- 
dle and hauled away one portion of it, 
leaving the other standing with one 
end smoothly trimmed. 

Soon after the opening of the follow- 
ing spring when I happened to pass 
that way I saw a pair of Yellow-shafted 
Flickers about the stack, which showed 
signs of wanting to make that a ‘“‘fixed 
habitation.” 

One bright morning a few days later 
when passing I was greatly amused at 
the efforts of one of the pair. It was 
clinging to the perpendicular end of the 
stack, and throwing out chipped straw 
from an excavation which it was at 
work on at arate to defy competition. 

The work on the excavation was con- 
tinued through nearly a week. Of 
course it was interspersed with frequent 
romps and song and games of peek-a-boo 
aronnd the fence posts, a very chazact- 
eristic performance for Flickers which 
have hit on a nesting site and are pro- 
gressing in its completion. 

When completed the excavation was 
about twenty inches deep. The en 
trance was made eight féet or more 
above the ground. The burrow was 
two and one-half inches in diameter 
and was dug directly into the stack for 
six inches then turned directly down- 
ward and was slightly enlarged at the 
bottom. 

The nest was composed of chips 0 
straw. The depositing of the eggs 
soon followed the completion of the 
nest, and on the 28th of May 1890, I took 


332 oe ES OOS ETE MOOI OCS 


a fine set of seven eggs which are at 
present in my collection. 


The pair lingered around and after. 


the usual time deposited a second set 
which was taken June 14th. 

The birds centered about the place 
until autumn, During that winter the 
portion of the stack was removed. 

The Flickers returned the following 


spring and after a brief sojourn uy 


left for parts unknown. 

I never have been quite able to un- 
derstand the philosophy of their choice 
of this nesting site, for woodland is 
abundant here. A wooded creek was 
less than a half mile distant while 
large orchards and groyes abound on 
every hand. Was it not sheer laziness 
on their part? 

Wii A. BRYAN, 
New Sharon, Ia. 


Western New York Naturalists’. Association. 


At the last meeting of the Association 
it was decided to hold the next meeting 
in Rochester. the third. Saturday in 
March next, for busines only. 

It has occurred to me that asthe 
more important business will before 
then have been eared for by the board, 
it might be advisable to provide for a 
public meeting, presentation of papers, 
exhibition of specimens etc:, and I 
should be pleased to hear from each 
member as to what they think about if, 
also to receive any suggestions. 

Yours Sineerely 
B. 8. Bowvisu, 
Chairman Arrangement Com. 
Phelps, N. Y., 12-20-98. 


A Few Hints About Climbing. 


Use, with spurs, a strong pliant, 
three-fourth inch rope, 6 feet long, 
with ends knotted. Wear buckskin 


gloves: Pass rope around tree. I? 
trunk is quite uniform take a single coil 
of the rope about each hand, adjusting 
hands far enough around the trunk to 


draw the body quite well up to the tree, ne 


As you rise and the trunk gets smaller, 
wrap more coils around: one hand, or 
both. If there is a big crotch to pass, 
get good spur hold, cautiously unwind 
coils, hug one hand to the tree, bend 
back a little, draw the other hand, keep- 
ing rope taut, around and up into the 
crotch. Always carry a light ten foot 
rope in a pocket. 
toward you, part way up, make a spiral 


and get on the other side. In a poplar 
thicket of small trees climb two trees, a 
foot on each. P. B, PEABODY. 


4} a 


OBITUARY. 


of Austin fF. Park—A Scientist of 
Wide Attainments. 


Death 


The death of Austin Ford Park oe- 
cured Sept. 25 at his residence 62 
Seventh Street, Lansingburgh, N. Y. 
after an illness since August from ty- 
phoid fever. The deceased had been a 
resident of this city more than fifty 
years and was widely known as one of 


the most devoted and best informed or-.. 


nithologists. : 

Mr. Park was the possessor of one 
of the finest collections of birds in the 
country. The collection, many speci- 
mens of which were found. by himself, 
embraced nearly every species of bird 
life in North America, and even now, in 
its apparently perfected state, was con- 
sidered by Mr. 
devoted was he to his wish for a collee- 
tion that would be second to none. It 
was not an uncommon thing for him to 
be seen tramping through the woods 
and marshes in this locality in seareh 
ofnew specimens He possessed an 
almost infinite fund of information 
concerning the habits of the denizens 
of the air. His collection is estimated 
to he worth from: $8,000 to $10,000. 

[| We are indebted to Mr. Harvey C. 
Campbell, Lansingburgh, N. Y. for the 


above clipping. Hp.] 
The famous German ornithologist, 


August Karl Edward Baldamus, died 
at Wolfenbuttel, Germany, a short 
time since. He> was 82 years old, and 
the founder of the German Ornithologi- 
eal society. Baldamus had one of the 


largest collections of birds’ nests and — 


birds’ eggs in. Europe. He wrote a 


number of books on birds. 


If a tree trunk bends © 


Park still unfinished, so: 


THE COLOGIST. 333 


NCVEMBER CONTEST. 


Sixty-five Judges. 


Prize winners and credits received 
by each were as follows: 
Raptores of Michigan. 308. 
2. Migration. 175. 
3. Sora and Virginia Rails. 144. 
4. The Game Bird of the Prairie. 141 
5 
2. 


a 


Some Notes on the Wild Turkey. 


The following articles were each 
awarded a year’s subscription to the 
O6LOGIST. 

With the Prairie Warbler. 52. 

Shore Birds at Lake Roland and 
Raven, Baltimore Co., Md. 51. 


The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 


Loch 


1—IwWio 27, Vive Ch Ableneoy = 1Oibrowneeys 
ING eee Gack: 

2 = Now 525 /C. Bs Parker, Oberlin; 
Kans. exact. 

3.—No. 22. Cyrus R. Crosby, Crosby, 
Neo 4..8. 5 

4.—No. 49. Raymond C. Osburn 
Vanatta, O. 1, 2, 4, 3, 5. 

5. No.4. N.G. Van De Water, Gret- 
ay, NT. YC I Pe ey ee 


The following Judges were awarded 
World’s Fair Almanacs: 


2. Robt. McPherson, Mass. 
3. L C. Andrews, N. Y. 

8. J.S. Griffing, N. Y. 

9. Fred W. Parkhurst, N, Y. 
10. C. Will Beebe, N. J. 

16. Clarence Luther, Ark. 
82. Claude H. Hall, Tex. 

33. Brace & Hunter, Minn. 
36. OC. I. Brewer, Ills ? 
41. R.P. Gillispie, Miss. 

51. H.M. Hall, Calif. 

54. H. L. Heaton, Kans. 

56. Jacob Bastian, Jr., N.C. 
57. A. W. Baylis, lowa. 

59. David L. Savage, Iowa. 


All prizes were mailed on Dec. 27th. 

ERRATUM. Inthe article on ‘‘Mi- 
gration’’ in the Nov. OOLOGIST on page 
999, fifth line from top of 2nd col., the 
word ‘“‘delivered” should read derived. 
Mr. Chas L. Phillips, Taunton, Mass., 
was the writer of this valuable article. 


TR AYS If you want any of those extra 
E 5 heavy alligator covered 
square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at 
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- 
tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose 
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any 
size from 3in.x3 in. to8in.x8in. We will ship 
by express at your expense in well assorted 
nests at $1.00 per 100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if 
you order special sizes and do not leave the 
assortment to us, they will cost you $1.50 per 
100 or $15.00 per 1000. 

Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, 
are less than cost. 

Wecan furnish 3in.x3in.,4in.x4 in.,5in.x5in., 
6 in.x6 in., 7 in x7 in.. and 8 in.x8 in. 

Order Quick if you want any of the World’s 
Fair Trays. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage 
Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. 


y Can coin big money. Bran new 
plan. Great craze. Just out. 
“Good side line.” Biggest chance 
i ever offered agents.salary or Ccom- 
7 mission. Be quick. Goods on 

credit. Samples.etc..Free. MU L- 
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila..Pa. 


The Worlds Kair at Home! 


Selected Photographs, printed and 
Mounted by a Professional Photogra- 
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel 
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. 

Address P. F. MARCH, Fern 
Bank, Hamilton County, O. 


PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a 


speciality. Note and letter 

heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 

logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun- 

dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 

mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. t.F 

CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. 7” 


H. H. & C- S. Brimley, 
Collectors, 
Raleigh, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Steins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. 


War Relics, Stamps, &c.—Send 5 cents 
for a nice genuine $5 or $10 Confederate bill. A 
$50 bill will be sent for 10 cts. A set of 7 varie- 
ties of unused Ecuador stamps Sent for 10 ets. 
A stamp album and 50 varieties of stamps for 
25 cts. 38 Indian Arrows for 10cts. 3 papers 
over 40 years old. 10 cts. A trial order solicited. 
Old U. S. stamps wanted. Address, J. E. 
HANDSHAW, Smithtown Branch, N. Y 


Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations. 


Vernier and Metric or French System. 
aOologists! 


If you care to SAVE TIME and meas- 
ure your specimens ACCURATE. get 
one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers, with 
Nar dened jaws, 14 in. long, graduated in 1-100 
of an inch and millimeters. Sent regietered to 
any part of the U.S. for $2.50, 6 inch scales grad- 
uated in 1-100ths and mm.—0.75cts. For illus- 
trated circulars, address E. G. SMITH, Colum- 
pia, Pa. (Reference, the Editors of this paber,) 


334 THE OOLOGIST. 


SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, 
Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, 
Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy, 
Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New 
London, Wis. 


) QNLY DIRECTORY on tare. 
Guaranteeing 30,000. For 
ouly 10 cents (regular price 
6 cents.) your name, if re- 
4 ceived within next 30 
= days, will be BOLDLY 


/ers and others, you 
will receive hundreds 


probably thousands, at 
Tl of valuable Books, f 
» Samples, Papers, Maga- 
S——# z1..es, etc. AL free and 
ati” each parcel with one of ba 


Y printed on gummed IEE 
paper, and from Pub- GF~l [=P 
ly lishers, Manufactur- 
tl 
aut your boldly printed ad. 
eon. EXTRA! We willalso 


print and prepay postage on 500 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are { Be 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to 


1 vers, ete. are arriving dailv.on valuable parcels of 
Gol, from all pants of the World. J.A.WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTSRY CQ.. 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia , Pa. 


be 


y Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest, 
strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, jy 

@ most accurate, most compact, and most fF 
i modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. § 
Catalogues mailed free by is 


If yow want the best Typewriter, and one that will 


The Marlin Fire Arms Co., “ outlast any other, communicate with us. We make 

New Haven, Conn., U.S. A. on'y a strictly high-grade Machine of the first-class--- 

7 i just what we think you want. We are NOT in the Type- 

writer Trust, and do not have to pay dividends on mil- 

lions of watered stock. Get our prices before pur« 
chasing. 


PARISH MFG. CO., Parish, N. Y. 


CAN § 4 Rein 

. MAKE DAY 
Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 


(an A Mit : at CAVEATS, TRADE MARKs ai 
: WV ey reside; every body ; 
SeanTetneie Write toeaay: enclosing 20, Starip Cc 0) PYRI G HT S. 


and we will mail you4 Free Samples and fuil CAN I OBTAIN A PATENT? Fora 
particulars, which will enable youtocommence = Prompt answer and an honest opinion, write to 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG. LUNN SS CO. who Mave nad pearly TEL Cans 

i : : p \ I : municae 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. tions strictly confidential. A Handbook of In- 
formation concerning Patents and how to ob- 
tain them sent free. Also a catalogue of mechan- 
ical and scientific books sent free. 

Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive 
special notice in the Scientific American. and 
thus are brought widely before the public with- 
out cost to the inventor. This splendid paper, 
issued weekly, elegantly illustrated. has by far the 
largest circulation of any scientific work in the 
AY world. &3 _ayear. Sample copies sent free. 
SE 2 Yh Building Edition, monthly, $2.50a year. Single 
SF Illustra eaCalalog. “4 Copies, 2 cents. Every number contains beau- 

oe) tiful plates, in colors, and photographs of new 
CHAS. K.R EED, cow houses, with plans, enabling builders to show the 


b2MainSt. WORCESTER.MASS.O% = NNN E"GOn Naw Yom, S61 Baoeosay, 


#5 TAMP for \ 


THE OOLOGIST. 835 
DUNEHIRE WAGON COMPANY, 
| DUNKIRK, |) N.Y. [imam | 


| 


Ny 


mh up 


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Patented May 6, 1890. 
MANUEPIACTURERS OF’ 


Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays. 


AGENTS WANTED. SEND FOR CIRCULARS. 
Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market. 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaist will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 

This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fey steps from R. 
R. Depots—Hlectrie car line passes by its eutrance—and « ‘upies a new 
‘three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


TO MY MANY FRIENDS AND PATRONS: 


I regret to say that my stock and store were badly damaged by 
fire the 29th day of November. The only goods zot damaged were 
1,000 skins from Norway and Sweden, besides 500 North American 
species. Also, two cases of eggs, to value of $1,800. 

As I wiil have to store these goods while rebuilding, I shall make 
some very liberal discounts with the hopes of not having to pack 
these goods away for three months. 

Parties wishing to purchase eggs and skins cheap will please 
drop me a line. 

I have made arrangements with a dealer to fill all orders for 
supplies and tools at regular prices. All orders sent to me for sup- 
plies and tools will receive prompt and careful attention. 
Taunton, Mass., Dec. 1, 1893. Yours Very Truly, Peo 


James_P. Babbitt 


336 THE OOLOGIST. 


Our Address 


during the next few months, will be at either 
ALBIO®’, N. *%., or 

37 1 Cottare Grove Ave., 

CHICAGO, ILLS. 


You canaddress your orders and letters to 
whichever address you are the nearer—All 
matters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however, 
should be addressed at Albion. Should you 
wish to r-ach us personally, you should address 
“LATTIN,’ at ALBION, and “‘WEBB”, at 
CHICAGO. 

Faithfully, 


F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


“BIRDS of MICHIGAN” 


A list of three hundred and _ thir- 
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. 


JUST ISSUED! 


Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. 


It is in fact a work on the Birds of the Great 
Lake Region. and will interest every Ornithol- 
ogist in Almerica. 


Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. 
Address 


Eh. DAT IN cx Os Albion: IN. AVe. 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees. Manufacturers, etc., 
are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses 
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, 
etc Brunn’s sueccessis marvelous, and will 
open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to one man.woman 
or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S. 
and Canada. “The early bird catches the 
worm.’’ Wewant afew such ads. a8 Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH dition of AGPNTS HBRALD 


No. 


APS, papers. samples.ete through- 
y out Glackhawk and surrounding connties 
Hae only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN 
‘Waterioo, Ia. 


Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines, June 
90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept con- 
stantly busy. employs three men to assist him, 
clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day 
distributing circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many 
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It 
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to 
mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who 
employ you of $7 per 10C@0 =Ten firms may each 
send you 1000 at the same time. making 1000 
packages of 10 each. for distributing which you 
would promptly receive $30, 15in advance and 
$15 when work is done. Parents make your 
boy a present. Start them in this growing bus- 
iness. Begin this neat business before some 
one in your county gets the start of you. ““Come 
in on the ground floor.” Instructions How to 
Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor 
ONLY, who sends us $240 cash or postage, 
stamps for a # line “‘ad ” 

AGENT'S HERALD, 
No, 171 South 8th Street, Philada., Pax 


YOUR FUTURE 


t 1s 
a ee if 
al OV 
&.| 


ae oP 
UE Aad ee atucry Sun 


SS 
1S ~N 
“ro of ve a 
Fs) 


ee 


SS 
Bracelets of Ifo 
ee eos SiS 


IS IN YOUR OWN HAND. 


Palmistry assumes to tell what the lines in your 
hand indicate. It will amuse you, if nothing more. 
The above diagram almost explains itself. The 
length of the LINE OF LIFE indicates probable 
age to which you will live. Each BRACELET 
gives you thirty years. Well-marked LINE OF 
BEAD denotes brain power; clear LINE OF 
FORTUNE, fame or riches. Both combined mean 
success in life; but you must keep up with modern 
ideas to win it. You will find plenty of these in 
Demore-t’s Family Magazine, so attractively pre- 
sented that every member of the family is enter- 
tained. Itisa doz -n magazines in one. A CLEAR 
LINE OF BEART bespeaks tenderness: a straight 
LINE OF FATE, peaceful life; the reverse if 
crooked. A well-defined LINE OF HEALTH 
spares you doctors’ bills; so will the health hints 
in Demorest’s. No other magazine publishes 60 
many stories to interest the home circle. You will 
be subject to extremes of high spirits or despond- 
ency if you haye the GIRDLE OF VENUS well 
marked: keep up your spirits by having Demorest’s 
Magazine to read. By subscribing to it for 1894 
you will receive a galiery of exquisite works of art 
of creat value, besides the superb preminm: picture, 
17x22inches, ‘I’m a Daisy!” which is almost a real 
baby, and equal to the original oil painting which 
cost $30; and you wil have a magazine that cannot 
be equaled by any in the world for its beautiful 
Hlustrations an? subject matter, that will keep 
you posted on all the topics of the day, and all the 
fads. and different items of interest about the 
household, besides furnishing interesting reading 
matter. both grave and gay, for the whole family ; 
and while Demorest’s is not a fashion magazine, 
its fashion pages are perfect, and you get with it, 
free of cost, all the patterns you wich to use during 
the year, and in any size you chi ose. Send in 
your subscription at once, only $200, and you will 
really get. over $25.00 in value. Address the pub- 
lisher, W. Jennings Demorest. 15 East 14th St., 
New York. If you are unacquainted with the 
Magazine, send fora specimen copy. A large QUAD- 
RANGLE means honesty; a large TRIANGLE, 
generosity; long FIRST DIVISION OF THUMB, 
strong will; LONG SECOND DIVISION, reason- 
ing faculty. The MOUNT OF JUPITER betokens 
ambition; that of SATURN, prudence ; the SUN, 
love of splendor; MARS, courage; MOON, imagina- 
tion: VENUS, love of pleasure; and MERCURY, 
intelligence. Take our advice as above and you 
will be sure to possess the last and most valuable 
yuality, 


ae OOLOGIS|, 


FOR THE 


Se lCNT OF BIRDS, 


es Nests AND EGGS. 


WOMEN TE: OXI 


/NIEIBMOINGS Wie WG 


FRANK H. LATTIN, PUBLISHER, 


A. M. EDDY, 
PRINTER AND BINDER, 


ALBION, N. Y. 
1894. 


INDEX TO VOL. XI]. 


wee eeee99, Low 


Accident, A CuriouS,....e.creccce 
Accidental Death of Birds ......... 


WMGVICO. Al LTtti@.... a cccce cence ccccceance aces 216 
Albinistic Eggs.......... Sfeveteletelelsicletele 98 
Albino eggs of the ‘Gr peattonaee Spark ow...-313 
Alewife...... ........ ateteletelelersieioistevetaisielsveletereteraterels 173 
American Ornithologist’S Union.....eecccseed!0 
Anhinga..... efeleleleta(etieleinieieiefelsteretelsleiclelsitele Gooden ole! 
Aquarium, Collecting for an.....0..secece---. 244 
Arizona, Dove Lifein ....... oboe BA00.0000 229, 243 
Audubons’s Biography, Notes From...... 

Sonn eo 00000 - 201, 231, 261, 281, 3808, 3%5, 362 
Bagg, Egbert........... alcielelelslatelelsielaiclelsinictetolerfa eto) 
SAL AHAGC selcienislaisisicwlelaleicieciel.\-) clvieleele 590000 aoocooty! 
Barbarism of Fashion, The..................- 367 
BES AVAL Soe AtmVVicteietsreliclatarelatalalalcleictelelaislelslelesoloieseiaielersiarare 267 
isthyol, IstAkel{\ooqqq0 oo00 booo DHUDOO DOUOOUUOCIDO.0b00 285 

“OOS AVeq00bb000 dQ00bad00 od00 go0ndabaKd du aU 
ee CrlOULE Clisteterepelejeicinersicieleieieiencloiele bHOsCO bobo Lesos 305 
26 ILEWAoocd ccac Pededodsnancooacdaos felelselet OOD 
Bird Life, Phe Study Of.... cece veiseccces oc 825 
SCMVLOSSeteveisicleieiesionersisiels GuHoO5oG0000 a A peadae 285 
SPE Ga LOlsictisteiaisieleteiefoteisia sletelelstarcleratedstetelelsist ey iGO) 
‘* Skins, Values of.. Motatetelsta saxclctelerreelilisie Lo, 
Bird Slaughter, Brot een ae Sansa Bic 361 
ERIN CVO ll Owvgetetcisietetcie’e cioloievelelelstefeleieicisieieleisieieieier=leieie 305 
Birds From Six Eggs, SA. acldosauaseuensesee 
Birds, Observations OD..........--...seeeceee 312 
Birds of North America, A List of.-.........219 
Bishop, Dr. L. B............ o0004G06 db q000d0 baculs 
Bittern, AMeYriCaN....c0...seceeecceeel 42, 181, 359 
Bittern, Least............... eareistelelstcicieistateeresies 182 
Blackbird, Crow..... Mietolotalete otehcietelreleletaieteletoerrel= 805 
Blackbird, Red-winged.. epretesieilerets 

5006 11,52, 53, 149, “181, 234, 288, 301, 334 
Blackbird, Sailor ingMil@Gls scons seseosi 181, 182 
Black-breast.........- afetaleiaiotetepeistersta a00.q000 DUOC 296 
ALAC KI CA Cs Aiviereleielelsleleiciel c\slcleiolevelsieiehefsivisiciel'sie ove. 99 

' Blackhead, Creek,..... Comaanieareranae tae BopubeaDOGOCe DD 
Blackhead Little........ aoudodacooa bncadE 6) Goo %e) 
Bluebird........- nonoaee 06 dconadode “53, 234, 288, 334 
BORN A HNial IhaKep-qoYeralsthyeloqoqgod cages aodaudGodG doco! 
Bobolink......... Good dconacda deoc00 onGG0D 139, 142 
OD=willbestetrelceeieticielvicecicleseicieleistelelslsicieleleieisielel Gospel ad. 
Bob-white, Florida.. mooD aHOGdHN GoDdoGus b50¢ 00000 oilil 


Bob-white, Some Experience with the 


Young of the Ruffed Grouse and.......359 
IBVEsWahe cagpocOGdD CD00 cd0d 0000 NOnUOaOGOCGdODa Ugo 2 96 
TS ADhL, Vayama, 1836 Gano gaggc0Ad0e0do meistatelachvelels ongsooZe 8} 
Broadwings of °92 and '93, My......--...+.e0 169 
Bubos at Home, A Pair Of.......0...ee000s apo Ee) 
Buffelhead.. added Pasi eepa a eitcekeee etcyre gD! 
Bunting, Black- rene ate Selvicleiisisitele ls 7200 


Bunting, Snow....... weleletetieseeetole bod bsnRde ddan 
IBN HSI ORNL ooagocoospo nsoneond Goda cdod cd0od00000S 95 


(CAE AVGIET So cob0b Goon caoboonU.GDdoS DboONOO AcOnoOdees 56 
CananyseAwE Tr Oliti Cherctnercderersctererrietelsteteinslenstetersie soe 
Chyna, WiWallllonad 6000 Goas-60000 ariatcleslescieteraiste 240, 805 
(Ohh AH oO, oa6 good. gad 00 bd00. den ODDO 0000 «95, €58 
CaTGinale recess. /-ticiele o0G000 codg uqooDObR) Pak BH sBut 
Gathirdemesssceeeres 53, 142, 283, 255, 301, 327, 334 
Chat, Yellow-breasted..... atefetele late pndodo00 326, 327 
SH AWUCAU QUA jee < ciale ccleiniere ciciniele ace eines sejeranc Ors 
(ChoienwmabMecounogopo6 cesu coun coubooubUda Loco oodoce oa 
CHICK ACSC are itevstaraterelos eiotereisicrelorersctelaictolnjatetstetatetsre 253 
Chickadee, Black-capped..........51, 207, 327, 334 
Chickens, Cary......... Gdacuarbooono podoDo bade 329 
CHICKENS LTA C)eaiereseleitelelsi-ereleclelsjeiseieleletoul tesp CUS, 
CHip yin dW CST apts celerelates-t-fcleveleiels slekeleleleioleyaletls 208. 
Hii Wypeteletetelaloteseiielatereleleetereialcletevelera(e Satgdodsad code 305 
CoailewEleninya Kern trsiiicle ceteris Sadomandoocacde 217 
Cock, Chapparal.... .... mfetsinisiaksiersca-talclals shiaialaiatele 265. 
Collecting: Vive! Birds... cece 1.5 cu nciseccen do: 
Collecting, viz:— Oological................327,337 
Collections, Washington School.............. 370) 
(Chapa¥edovanKereyalosisondgasonodd cgaoudooododooGeno Heel 
Coot. . Ben Le cae iayal pelle hostel cian Clause gabe ee TODD: 
Coot, nerican adsodd ooas codg.coeu vo00CG 96, 142, 182 
Coots, Sea..... | Noo bdgodo odaodolda a boon ocau soo0Gs 
COLMOTANG BAUS srejoreicls separa sie lsicielelel sielsisieler cS 
Cormorant, Double-crestcd........see.... sone 282 
CWOWiDITG etic ccc Dos DOs OOO ZOD MAO! 
Crane Gre aibiavvelibO se cjererereyafetereialeveleleieieleickel-laretoite 263 
Crone Jie WaVelsooesoooon 660000 50;60000%0 CO DGan0C 282: 
Crane, Nesting of the Whooping.......------. 263 
Crane, Sandhill......... bdocdo dood ccbO S50 263, 357 
OVD Goodaacuude hoad.coocc0ed Vovsodewoobe Good oo 142 
(Oreos, Atesooco 50000 ars oves wiv ckaiura soy sreletiolsisietsie elsheleleva oe Ol 
Creeper, Brown .........+6 piereteielatelcnicleteteieleleteictelelo Os 
CKO WA wATME Ca Mleeeieiclorelelerelsioivicicielsiciekeloietaleieleiele 

..51, 93, 141, 142, 147, 207, 232, 233, 256, 304, 310: 
Crow, Nidification of The Fish.........+ 60 poset) 
Crow, Rain.. eetertetetareie -. 26 
Crows, The enegnerets of, cane Other INOS. 241 
Cuckoo, Black-billed......... sacgoabbo00000 53, 301 
Cuckoo, Yellow’billed.............58, 233, 301, 33 
Cudlip, Howard .... 2.20.22. eee ccee wees cece eee 49) 
Curlew, Eskimo...........2.. AdoobooouIDOad bo0d 137 
Curlew, Long-billed........ cle terkasdopeisislenejelaonetaiels 137 
@urlewASickle-=billled eye c seuss ail sieloleielelielelersifelotele 137 
Data and Field Books, Hints About..... poop US) 
Davie’s ‘‘Methods in The Art of Taxider- 

TW Ys cbo0 5000 00000 pnogoceses 
Dieleanar Tae Goddcodeaeuoog dd05 Sonpadoca g0qcoO HOM 
DipPeL ie. -c- sce cieces elohicnatoievalohalststheyeiefelciele\eroteterctaCe 95. 
Dissolution of F. i. Lattin & CO... 6... s ccs 287 
Dodge, Harold H..... .....562 enc nces cree e eens 243 
Domestication of the Ruffed Grouse and 

Bob-white.......... gdo60a6gca0 da. Gotd ON6 359 
Dove, INGA... .cccee..-- sscce A obiagogaoonNcodaG 22% 


THE OOLOGIST. 


“Dove Life in AViZONA........eeseeeeeveveera9, 243 


Dove, Mourning...... 50, 139, 142, 229, 234, 288, 334 
Dove, White-winged.......cccccccee+ses vevvee ta) 
DOWiItCher. . 2.0. ceccaecs.s oe odade66ed000 sa ccucod st 
DAL CAVA CONT ie ialeresersieneleiclelere dad A odood. 60.0000 aboqdoe) 
Duck, American Scaup.......+ cece oo aso06o.dob0 95 
Duck, Black..... 0000000 820000 90006000 o600 000 52, 94 
DUCK AE CLOW ea VC Oierelaesievcieieicicleleleleleleloreleleieieletelsieleleie9 0) 
IDWGle, IDM eye occadon0 0000 0000 c06n od0000000 dboa00 94 
IDWiekc, (Caan doodouddde dognoDad do606000000 oo coco 
Duck, WeSSerSCAUP. eee ccsr «ciceejes)+ veces. 569) 
Duck, Long tailed......... odoooo00 6dou0d c00000 95 
DONNER, IRE NtItic codnd Hada d000.0000 ddGU000 cod0 DoOGOO ce:ct) 
IBY UKE|ie) TewbKelChviccnodasdsoceGaand gdoa0 66b08a000 95, 182 
‘Duck, Summer....... nara ehofanial ateratelalosaisisninversivisiets 95 
ID WIG ie) UMUEY2) o o5a9004600.0060 0000 000 000000 GUD0 50 co008)3) 
IDWOlES) \WVi@OGlasac 6000 paH06000 addo DODDDOOS600 2000 9D 
Eagle, Golden........ 5500000600 bo0000 0000010000 243 
Eaglein Indiana, The Golden....... sodd00000 184 
Eagles in Missouri, Bald.....e..ssceevsssce sees 00 


Hagles in Sontheast Michigan, Reappear- 
AN COOLS Ail Cievetleieie) ste} =taleloieislelelareleleiatereistenelersteroll 


Melly Lebaol Fal 656 Gnooodacqadd UdooODbodGK0 Good 184 
MGS, SHAPSS OF... sce cccccccvcscccccscc cesses GU 
Exposition, SportSMen’s......sccccceesees see: 370 
Field Books, Hints About Data and.......... 139 
Field Notes, A Few............ Gou.cdood aHaosodn 233 
Finch, Grass........ alata ee rarsevatets cis 6 6500008000 337 
CHV EY CESII Cliereteveicteveieieleisteleve Da0D'0e00:006. Gbad Dada GoD0 355 
MEET RHEW ATT Oe pees vote nia tarebe tes eet ateteioieraplonieterotetoieretate 305 
IMistals ZN INOW SI ONCKES) Oli ood} g0n000 cabd. 0500000000 56 
DAKINE Gibuodd sods sondioeaoodeco 2253, 94, 146, 240, 334 
TMK @ee. Jno os} e 124 RobiTOs5oo0qc6-4¢0000 400000060 5D 
MMickersRedsShiatte dtr ecteelieiner cieleeeleieiele 49, 288 
IDIOMS. WAVE Nie) obbayes = Ga dooigamicooo GoabIe G60 GOO00d 7 
Florida, A Collecting Trip in.................. 11 
Elycatcher, Crested....:................00288, S04 
EMV CALCHETEMAUC AS bepcleilelseeleieislelevatctelsioictersaieisieere 301 
Hiv abeChers PEW arciseie aeiclelleietecvrecsieleisisie 285,306 
EUV Cat GhersvE 6 walleye sielerehecieiene eleleucioe ecient 285 
MVCarehert amr aillispreneleriercerinceciocnnneee 306 
iDtorRole, \WV/GMligehs: diiscooonbo cud chao dodeacdeuododcos 268 
TOV SOLOW Siaeeiserelcceeieterelele S06e6b c000 0000 232, 256 
IED ANE ub Ol soap oono anog ooouIGGUUOS coda dann Goad 49 
Gadwall..... Saoopdaoacodhopaads pndd'acicc 94, 182, 358 
Godwit, Marbled........... dao canesbsouaco 97, 359 
Golden-eye, AMeCriCane).ccjccccscisc ses soe. 9D, 309 
Goldfinch, American.............. 53, 244, 327, 334 
Goldhineh Arizona cccscikccemeccicdscererice 2183 
COldhNeh; sHULOPeAaMiye coe scrieciienciniecceieeeciter 53 

‘Goldfinch, Some Notes on the Habits of 
the Arkansas..... dlocon.gaa0 wee cccccsssceee tt) 
Goose, American White-fronted.......... 96, 358 
Goose, Canada.............. o0eee 96, 142, 243, 358 
Goose, Lesser Snow.............eccceees++ 95, 358 
Ginachle PAs WiHIGe acre coin cislele siete eieiscissielciels 0050000048 
Grackle, Bronzed........e0 odgadeséoa cous 142, 234 
Grackles Parle) seicieelisicceiclepeteictele 202, 53, 802, 334 
ETE WEEKES SoondodqoooD seoboU sHoo Uode cade cbo0 D0Ce 97 
"GLrOSDC AK, SM VEMIN EG? secisicricisiemrccine cicieesieme eee 84 
Grosbeak, Rose-brested.......... 255, 326, 327, 357 

Grouse and Bob-white, Some Experience 
With the Young of the Ruffed........... 359 


‘Marsh-hen, Saltwater............00.- 


Grouse, Columbian Sharp-tailed............- 182 
GROUSE PE MM ALEC eicteemalorelvrervelelelereretaleieleleloe rel syateneleters 138 
Grouse, RUPfEd.... 0.0... ce cece cece neee 137, 138, 208 
GueliG Congest cerctveclalvisiiesteloievecisiete SoonoDac lar 
Guillemot, Black.............. hucseucaoucoce eodol 
Gull, American Herring.......................53 
Guhl aoe NhbSoococend Gaooou00d0a005 C000 192, 357 
Gull, Nesting of the Western..............20. 253 
Gull, Ring-billed............. 141, 142, 182, 183, 358 
Gull, Slough.........-..... elictevevelelerelolsietsieierattensteicts 141 
Gull, Western Herring........ccecccsecccsssceeddd 
Tale LEIIEYEN$Go56'c000 0000 0600 dodo 00500600 DOODOOOOLS) 
Hawk, Broad-winged.........:...2.+ee eee 52, 169 
Hawk, CoOOper’s....... cree cece cece cece coos 52, 169 
lalehiis JEW Neoga cago doco noon adodeuaoU oOda000 oe ee0 30D 
a WAG, IMA SIS <lejeisie cisiein cin cleleie) ereiciereleisie Goo000 50, 142 
Hawk, Red-shouldered...........s0 esse cece 52, 53 
Hawk, Red-tailed....00......0 10, 51, 182, 206, 233 
Hawi ROUsh- ler e decal meeeenelensnies 237 
Hawk, Sparrow........... elolelstererteteteieiseete ee eeedad 
Hawk, Swainson’s. 06 Gou000 020000 .. 182 
Hawks, A day with ano Cooper Ss. soe -- 204 
Hell Divers....... God 600 RM Gh oe 
Herbarium and Plant mecorall $000 06500000 onaC 218 
Heron, Black-crowned Night..........11, 53, 183 
Heron, Great Blue.......... g0006 0000000068 52, 282 
Jaleo, (CnkeYeI0\ Ganda Hop0d0 6660 00000 -.-11, 52, 53, 233 
Heron Lake, Water Birds Of.....ec..+. coadd 357 
Eeron Witte liereaecceccssiseoeceem ee pooo ccs 11 
Hummingbird, Anma’s..-. 320. ..2 cence cies «nies 184 
Hummingbird, Ruby-throated....-... sievalcloseletste 53 
Hummingbird’s Nest, A Beautiful........... 280 
Indiana, The Golden Eagle in...... a0 bono anGC 184 
Iowa, A Collecting Trip in Northern....... oo 141 
Towa, Vireonide in.........- 006 Gb.0000-0000 0600 214 
Jay, Blue...... 51, 53, 141, 142, 203, 208, 234, 327, 334 
dphaved Ves Goonddosa toda boon so6uKdeKbdD0 be.o000 0000 29D 
Junco, Slate-colored......... ef Sanna 50, 333, 334 
June °94, The First Day of.......... Soiacbo-co60 254 
WGA GO fetarsclarsslarc elcleretsterstehseteenetteiere Wha 138, 334 
Killdeer. Nesting Habits of the,.............. 257 
Kildeer’s Nest, An Elevated........ nuoDaO cool ksta 
Kaingbird.....css0sse0s e253, 142, 234, 804, 327, 334 
Kingfisher, Belted.......... Brakeiele storie 53, 803, 327 
Kinglet, Ruby-crowned.......+...0. souonogaoan 53 
IKifemWihite-balledeeeeeee errr aeeesreeeeeeenee 243 
IEG 5 O5050 0000 op oUI0050 Ondo COGN. OadH Od 0000 Do0a cod HB 
TZ AGG MIC AC OWirierelelsiovelstsieicleleiereieletsietclelcleioleeiatetetsts »- 142 
Lark Prairie Horned.................--.s008 Rena 0) 
Lattin & Co., Dissolution of F. H............ 267 
Lawrence, George NeEWbold.....0.....s..e0. 0043 
Lawrence, George Newbold (half tone).......42 
Letter From John B. Hindtime............... 45 
Loon.. dalciclslelsicislercielstctcleicicys teres OO a ood 
Loon, Black. SabunboadatoonboOcemococcosdasacde 283 
Longspur, Chestnut-collared..... 5 -ancod00nen Ie 
Mallar dliyacisrteveercieisciete woe 94, 142, 182, 207, 253, 358 
Mallard, Marshi. 3. c.. 2 oc wccc ce ciece vclec)s\eeielae O4 


Marsh-hen, Freshwater.........cccsseccees sees 96 


IMAG HB CO isis iclercre, cje/elcielelclsi<tal cleleleii eicieletevelaieiareleletieeroOa 
Martin Purple........................- 98, 142 183 
Mathes, Kirk B.... 2... ce cece. eee cee oo 0 0%, 370 


THE OOLOGIST 


Maryland Birds That Interest the Sports- 

POLIT) cLilVcievaiareleleleieie sicje\eleisie'= elclee ele 200 94 
Meadowlark. ..........00- os peveeerot, dot 
Merganser, AMECYICAN.... 2... cence eee eee e enee 94 
Merganser, Finding A Nest of The Hooded... .48 
Merlin, Nesting Habits of Richardson’s..... 236 
“Methods in the Art of Taxidermy”’.....-... 366 
Michigan, Raptores of.........+. sdoacooNSopnCO ot 
Midwinter Fair, Notes From the. ....e..e00e2150 
Minnesota Swamp, Collecting in A ..........181 


see ecccene 


Minnesota, The Woodpeckers of............-145 
Minnesota, Water Birds of Heron Lake,..... 357 
MVTO CANE DITO sc icere tale se ocie'e elele ere clcieisielclsiesieiesie e250 
Mud-hen..... dosages ao0n50. go000 ag caende Boodeadla 
My Friend Hairy........c.e0..s...s SdonapandaocKst) 
Natural History, Royal............. 0.00153, 267 
IN GCLOLO Diy plecielemicieleieleistelel-leleleleiete 222.49, 243, 268, 369 
Nest, A Remarkable. (Half-tone).......... 2302 
INGSUINE, Late sxc ce cwce ccc cececcucenes sans ace 183 
IN@SIEL JN Shh Oicano coon dAbo onan aaocdmonbaood 301 
Nests, ConStruction Of.....0.. 2.20.00. 2220 cone 301 
Nests, Position of.. goocn 6do0cecceUB} 
Nests, Some Twice Oceuoied soad dadoouddo.docC 288 
New York, Birds of Western............uscees 12 

New York, Grasshopper Sparrow in On- 
lignaIO) (Clo, sascanc0ons0G000 joooeOuoOaD ban! de 336 

New York, Naturalist’s Association West- 
ern... ae --97, 152, 280 

New York, The Santas aaa suum Birds 
Ont (Chana Mhieehd es SenopacHomnaduceeoeceuaaaE 52 
IND AGHA isrcierettaretsieiete) tric stelee Seieleroioloctoein sitions 53 
Nighthawk, An Albino... 0.05.2... .... 0000000 288 
Nighthawk, Western... 0.025 ..s. cece cece eeee cs 182 
Nightmare, An Editorial. Dlustrated....... 371 
Norris, J. Parker, Oological Collection of....153 
North Dakota, A Collecting Trip in............... 182 
Nuthatch, White-breasted........................... 51, 53 
_ Nyctequns. Illustrated ..... nian di nsietec VERN ION -o71 
Observation: On Birds: 228 te 312 


Ohio, Habits of the American Woodcock 
IMBEA Sn Galo wlar © Oxsyesseecs eee ee 8s none OF 


OV CUETC yAWVieeAo eee e e SeS A 84 
OlGESC Mawes ee Soe eaeL on ences a 95 
. Oological, Collecting viz:—..................... 327, 337 
Oological Collection of J. Parker Norris 
ATI GY S OME te ele seh ENT we ie 


ological Collections: 2 ts2-2 ieee 
Oologist, Contents of 99 Back No’s.............-.-.. 


Oologist of Early Day, An.......... saben saa O ASAE 
Oolonyivis: Ebilateliys-.0 tS ae: eee Q 
Oriole, Baltimore......_....... 58, 233, 278, 301, 304, 327 
Oriole Baltimore, A Remarkable Nest of 
(@Hali-bone) 2) ee ee Gee nN 
Oriole, Orchard.............. 
Ornithological Work 
Ornithologist’s Union, American.................. 370 
Ornithology of a Church Yard, The..............333 
SO FCO a miumeencenten a Se ves ine a rns Le tnes //sabnee eh GNa bs ete 96 
Outlet Creek, Along the. Baas Ae 7 Ute ACS eed one 52 
OYGED TBI le re te ee oes hea ee 53, 256 
Owl Barred] = a SAMEEREN ED 8, 50, 93 
(ORWiiS (CEES coenerre ere Ree 5. Sai el tne eet 8 


Owl, Great Horned.............. 8, 53, 138,7179, 209, 242 


Owl EV OO tires See ees Fee EAE he eee 8 
Owl MOttled ses Bree el eee ee 7 
OwltSereech eo ee echoes 7 

Owl SNO Wyse eet iec cs ett emee VO EE eee eee tS 
OXSOVO re ely ees eae eed 

ELIS OTN O er Sel eat een ea So Lg a ae EA ee 


HD ANTS DIST CLS Oe eee ee ae ee BEAN ah te 37, 
Partridge, California 
Peabo diya ie vat eee eeeeene Seas PEA Aes 35 JLo ee 
TEXS NOR WME TEV ON AM ete a oa oeeeoenae 
Pelican in Florida, Nesting Habits of the 


Pelican tn Illinois, American White...... .........55 
Pelican Island, A Disasterous Season on...... 148 
Pelican Island Indian River, Florida. 
(Half-tone of Nest Eggs and Birds).-......80 
Pennsylvania, Summer Birds of Greene 


Co, 
IPS bw Viiy se OGUTACTOUS mcrae cerns eae cee see eeeene 203 
Petrelwineachis ese eee Eh beet Re iela a heen ee 329 
IPO Wee EIOUSEYt fn te er eee tote pees 285 
IPO WC MVWIO OU Seta One ret Rae eee 325, 327 
ELEN (a pe ese ed MS Ne eI Se a ee ld ear pare Raa 285 
) Bo) aif rb) 0 2) OV kz he ees NE ie eel Bee 259 
Phalarope, Wilson’s..... A as ieee 141, 142, 263 
PP CaAS ATG Sete eats Ae Urs ee Nee aa a TRE 138 
Philately: OOO Saya visit nes ee eee 279 
Teas) ole ge ee ete ee ee} iil, Se seg eau 
IPDS we Barre ee Se ees ee eee ene 305 
Phoebe; Bridge..c:2 22 2.022: AS Ten Oise ac ot 305 
IPNOSDENNOLES TO 1 enh Cee esas tener eee ee 285 
IPN ODE MERC ie eae Sy A LE ep C nee Oe Ree eae 305 
Pigeon, Nesting Habits cf the Passenger..... 237 
PIS CONME ASSEN SCT eee et earn eee anne eee 
IPT SCOMM EWA ese ee Sore AS ire? ees Maer eens 
Pintailets are een 
Je aban bile (Glau ern oe aes toccocen cekeeeosuoccea Sieete 


Plover, Bull-head 
Plover, Field 
Plover, Grass 


Plover, Little Yellow-leg 
PLOVE LI Up LANG ees ee ae ee emo e Ae clan 

TONER iYie lO Wel Cees tease teen ene melee 
IP OAC HT Ce Ae eee Ga ON Eee wie ARISE ee neem UR 
IP OSSONMWNG EH Sete es Oe eRe Pe Re cieue Cenee® 

al Beret aK s)i) os Sy AVS Seema de ta ete ak a ate nS 


WIE AOD panos: cebadsacconaseeecouaees 


July... ae 
August... aoe pea ae cee sa ara 
September Beeps 
October. isk ete a 
INGOK Ls) Gal] Oe Oe eT 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Protect Our Birds.................0.0.-.-002 ee 214, 288 
Protest Against Bird Slaughter ..................... 361 
Puffin, A Few Notes on the Tufted....-........... 353 
Puffin, (Half-tone of Egg, Nest, and Nest- 

AMOS Tbe) eae ase UN aS ees apcees en wala 
QUART ya ANN AN INCE A I a 
Quail, Messina 
i Cry; Wa eeeo ee ee BE ees 243 
ARVIN © ALOLUM A <2 ace os eee eee eee 96 
RAP Clapperyasyesecisce, ou ceekitsseaete alsin scrsiog ©. 
Lede WUl, 1eGhavess Gea dbedanlwcdGasoog vod eneo oO sca Ou Eas 96 
RAMS SOvaiewicei.cuc csc niscs pansies weiner setae 141, 142, 181 
TRENDL, Wabwenbauleys 665 oocods oooobaoHDD dO ORS 96, 142, 181 
EVAN CLO Wosias ciocse) sere sieht eens level ty sete oe icteeie 326 
Raptores of Michigan............ 22.22... .000-. 7 
1s(eOlorhelc saacooo sooo nodbadGS GooUdoUuDdoOOObOGODS 355 
TRYSOUNEENG 5. cobgoaseo.00 odoouoUD DOOOEs4DONROO 95, 359 
IRXeGhOON pda cbiocoggesges HONaOeS cJODG00 dodobOuS 53 
Redstart, American...... ............ ...--58, 256 
Reed, Charles K............-..... 06 256, 329, 369 
Remarkable Tenacity of Life........... .... 150 
Road-runners EHS eect cleiieniene cisekcieiete 265 
Robin, American.......... .... 52, 53, 142, 301, 334 
INO oa, ayn. >o6q0 soonotiodncc000d ccdaooKbNd 305 
Sandpiper, Bartramian...... ........ 137, 141, 142 
Sandpiper Weast ee Vfl wes cleleioiveselets or 142 
Sandpiper, Pectoral ....................66 142, 359 
Sandpiper, Red-backed.... ............. 2... 97 
Sandpiper, Semi-Palmated.................... 359 
Sandpiper, Spotted..................65 53, 331, 334 
Sapsucker, Yellow-bellied...... ...... jeidiere «0 L46 
ScotenvAmericaneeoaccsce cect ci eeieieeieiicise 95 
SEclmasiiGrals soo'coo bb00900000. uuGde 06 Shc ERMaCaeIiG 96 
Shad Spirit.............. See alioeetake dasa elects 173 
SALISH apres ete eteretsore ielotate oko) eietaiencisteretoressisieysiars 253 
Shapesiothl sesh -eestiiccioen eciaceileisersicc 280 
Shrike; Woggerhead. 3 fo. cece jer) sees 11 
Shrike, White-rumped.......... ............. 183 
SHoupbOReIPo A soocdesd: saboouged 650 AcHoo HD00Gd DOOD OE 95 
Siskin, My firstjSet of Pine................... 185 
Svavleyge IDoredbislnessooqodcas odeaddcs scdoug0000Rc 53 
Shamma, \Wysany (Ch Sanco cpp ensobcoousooSouodOOO! cas 49 
Snipe, Mneglish..- 2. 12. 125k. oes ee ewe smell 
Snipes Grey-backwesemeceiecrieie ilar eres 97 
Snipewlirishbesca-rececece secs cence cr 173 
Snipe, Jack..........6 GURbH SnanecaBaaas OoodouD 173 
Snipe, Robin.......-.....-. NES EERO GIS CIEE 2.97 
Snipe, Robin-breast.......... ....e. see cece ee ee 97 
Snipe, Wilson’s........ ..-..-+.22-- see 2 96, 172 
SNOW Makerere aeieceleclocterieetecl ime retheietere sical 
SnydersbredyD renee cece sneaer ascicen selacre 267 
SOI ogo Sono cobe does ONdD. OadO Doers DOTROOOoCOO! An 96 
Southerly; SoOwba eee le wisieiciselstelels\nicsevsialotesie 95 
Sparrow, Albinos of the Grasshopper....... 313 
SHAMAN IEE aooonacpocodEsHbooboCododD UbN 182 
Sparrow, Chipping ........... 58, 234, 301, 327, 334 
SPALLOW, WOMSTSD) <ereieieeieieicielleisiseiciciesie 53, 88, 288 
Sparrow, Field................ 53, 233, 327, 331, 334 
Sparrow, ELALris? coe ce. ccte 1c cise eeisie sicclecie +i 326 


Sparrow in Michigan, Henslow’s.. ........217 
Sparrow in Ontario Co., New York, Grass- 


Sparrow in St. Lawrence Co., New York, 


iWihite-throatedense cc ere ceee eee Bt 
Sparrow, Wark. 26 occ cc ee cer one set ieorcinier 326. 
Sparrow, Nesting of Leconte’s................ 88. 
Sparrow, Savannah.,.......... .:....-.--e0e- 331 
Sparrow, SONG i. joecie eee eee 53, 327, 331, 234 
Sparrow, Swamp. eo. 53: 
SPaLrro ws ALE ee ee eae een 50, 208, 334 
Sparrow, VeSper ......---2---2.----2--< seeee-- 327, 334, 337 
Sparrow, White-throated......... ................ 
Sparrow, Yellow-winged........ .........-.-----. 
Spoonbill -.......2--...22--..--- boop eat Sele, Mit Ne 
meprigtarl 28 ot ae ee See ee 
Starling.................-. 


Starling, Tree ........ Be We CR et i 
Supper, Third Annual, of the K. K.K 


Swallow. Bank ees 
Swallow, Barn......................-. 53; 234, 286, 302; 334- 
Swallow, Blue-backed............2..2.. .22-22-2202s22-+: 
Swallow, Chimney... .................2-.-..--.-- 
Swallow; Clift .:2... 22.2022. Se eee ee 
Swallow, Eave 
Swallow, Notes on the Barn..................2.....-.- 
Swallow, Rough-winged..........-........----22---2-42-++ 
SV eT VV SINS CU eee oe oo cee ncaine ones eens Seema 
Swift, Chimney..........53, 211, 234, 266, 286, 326, 334 
Swift, Migration of the Chimney.................... 204 
Tanager SCarleti... 3 2..2- a ee eee 
Tanager, The Scarlet 
Tarp Obs i225 2 Se Ure 


Maiylor,s ERR 22-2 ee eae ee ae ee Benen 
Taxidermy. Methods iu the Art of..... ............366 
Teal. Blue-winged............-...2.------: 94, 142, 263, 328: 
Teal, Green-winged,............---2-.-22000-s0-2-222 94, 358: 
Tern Blackie eee 141, 142, 181, 182; 263 
Me tm © OWT O Wye see ee ee eee 1838, 331 
Mern, WOSteLr'S:225: e222. 5G eee eee eee 358 
Thistle-bird, Song of the ~.................2.2--.-2.----- 244 
MU MaVayb esl ohitcly CaN TEN faasecserteo secs essGHnGA coeccbcousesacbeceo a 8T 
MHrASWeL; BLOW so seee ess ee eperee eee 53, 327, 334 
Thrasher, California...................2-.22..222-5 ees 259 
Thrasher’s Song, The.................------s--e200200-02--209" 
M Mane a\y NERO AM orege st tocasacos ScccHece s5e5sc 142, 233, 305- 
Mar usins See rr ibe sees eee eee eee es 
Thrush, Olive-backed 

Thrush) Wilson's). eee 

MDW EIS) Ty WAV OXOLO panne pemsececeSscoosece-corcacosccs 

Tit; \GOWN Gee woes 
MOWH EC) ee ee ee 

Turkeys she eee ees 

Turner, William...-.............. .-- 

MMarnS tones 2: eee Reale aacaavananeae 
Urinator imber, Some Queer Habits of 

Vireo; Beli Seo ae eae 

Wa Os EGUthOMy Sess seen eee eae eee eee 
Vireo, Red-eyed......... 58, 214, 234, 256, 302, 325, 334 
Vireo, Warbling..............-22------------D8, 215, 327, 334 
Vireo, Western Warbling..................--------.----++ 13. 
Vireo, White-eyed............-..- weseee---D8, 23D, 334 
Vireo, Yellow-throated ...................--.- 53, 215, 302° 
Vireonids in [oWa8................2--22------e220e-ee ee 214 


NUABUM ORD, AOD AEN geet ese centnoue ce se ecunaeoscosconeneer 233. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Warbler Blackjand \Wihite.....-.\--.....22- on. 53 
Wie, AVEO de)rimetehale yee 53 
Warbier, Black-throated Blue.......................... 53 
Warbler, Black-throated Green......... «D8, 243 
Warbler, Black-poll so. ccc cccvec se wenccescseceDd 
Warbler, Blue-winged ...... ....e0 eee Seletalereteiste 53 
Warbler, Camadian..........00...-.see0e Gaacoodds} 
Warbler, Chestnut-sided......-........53, 255,301 
Warbler, Golden-winged.............0+. ac ooool kes 
Warbler, Hooded Flycatching... ......0.....277 
Warbler, Magnolia....cccscceeseee Melcteleletsaratetstareleies 
Wiatbler MOULIN Oc clcelewicie<a)s vivieleleicisieteis Goo 
Warbler, Myrtle.......... .... od 08500000 2.93, 142 
\qyanlol re, INST MvAllli@gaco opodao doonuds0cdos cDnodo 311 
Warbler, Nesting Habits of the Chestnut- 

Sse oonoomernopcodaoe adoe0 GDDdadoda S00ac08BN 
Warbler, Nesting Habits of the Golden- 

WaT ENC Clatetainlelelnrclelerelulalcleisieiel==selsicieie’elelele selec cll 
Warbler, Nesting Habits of the Hooded..... 277 
\iygaelolere, Je RHAmIE).Sssoo qons coqoupoU Boonoboce DOSE 53 
Warbler, Pine-creeping............. alelsissieieraersoUS 
\iirenelollgin, JPRAIBIE\s 55000 GoanooDouOODO CBUDCOnGOooE 333 
Warbler, Redpoll...... consoo.cnaoobea bcdsuaccodl 
Warbler, WOrm-eating....cecccece saccce.. see 53 
Vine oeie, VAGIMOK 7 TEE RNG Goode se5e Go6c co bocB bone 53 
Wasson, Leon. ...... o pppo oaododadsiNY) 
Water Birds of Heron Tees. Sooodtide addocoGseCea 
Waxwing, Bohemian...... ....06 gGanddCnGo0 sate! 
Waxwing. Cedar........ 2. cc... ceeee ee DO, Bot 
\iifeabaiksyes5a5 co00qasedc O00 cooDdos cooD codon osGaeD 


Ws OOM Wall Cheer eren oneness e ac eee 209 


SAVVIS CLOTS ek Sims e SiC eden en eae en 9D 
WV Cl Ora Bele AG SER Cs, pepper ce ese Pog AN 94 
Widgeon, Huropean!..----...-.- pce cussece ct ned 94 
BVA @ bes saan setae ots aks EET 97 
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the 
ANP aS SIZPASS OT ae eee es eee ue 14 
Wilson, Scenes From the Life of Alexan- 
der, His Second Southern Tour....... 89, 142 
His Last Days............. SS Lee aN 174 
Wilson’s Ornithological Club........... 242 
\vablativeve 1Bphaol 1D puisy, Oven et eyes ea 207 
Wanteribinds Notes; SOm eles. 50° 
WiOOd COCK WAM Eric amie sees ea ean 96 
Woodcock in Ashtabula Co., Ohio, Habits 
OTe he PAIN Ci: Carleeseneee ee een 264 
Woodpecker, Downy ..... .... -... 51, 53, 146, 208, 334 
iWioodpeckers EHaiys see 51, 86, 145, 208 
Woodpecker enle ate dimes men enue sul 146 
Woodpecker, Red-headed......................... 146, 234 
Woodpeckers of Minnesota, The............... 145 
World's Columbian Exposition, The Oolo- 
gist’s Exhibit of Birds Eggs at the......... 14 
Wien MELO USC Ms sake e ees Wry eas ae 53, 98, 334 
Winen i Miars neater alae en Wane si See and 142 
\Rareio IPR y erent 183 
WVVAC ET: Siwy cirri Dp seaeeweme neta Eee Se fer diees eg oe 305 
AWARSIAL, MMi CrP (CaRooavol Yin, GMa 213 
RYCE TT Oia EXT C Yee eee 146, 305 
MEMO WTO ps eer eee ai Ne Seer a eae 97, 142 


Mellow- less Greater seuss ne lnn 97, 357 
Yellowthroat, Maryland.........53, 142, 302, 311, 329 


are Se 
Reka seat 


scat 
Riseiulso ss 
ees 
a? 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Young Oologist and The Oologist, 


Comprising together the most popular magazine, devoted to Birds, 
their Nests and Eggs, ever published. 


Appreciating their value, the publisher has reserved a limited quantity of each 
issue to supply future demands. They have now, all told, 


LESS THAN FIFTY COPIES OF EACH ISSUE. 


Collectors will readily see the advisability of Completing their Files or obtaining a 
Complete Set at once! 


Back numbers will soon be exceedingly rare and valuable and possibly not cbtainable at any price. 


CONTENTS. 


The following table of contents enumerates some of the principal articles in each issue. The 
“short articles” mentioned are one column or less in length and are all of great value to the student. 
Not mentioned in the list of contents, each issue contains one or two pages of “items” or ‘brief 
notes,” one column to four pages of exchange notices, and from three to eight pages of advertise- 


ments, besides a ‘query column’’ which occurs in many, although not all, issues. 


, THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 


VOLUMET Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4,5, and 12 each con- 
tain 16 pages. Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10each contain- 
20 pages. No. 11 contains 36 pages. 

No. 1,—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs, 
(3 pages) : Coues’ Key; Twenty-four short ar- 
ticles. May, 1884. 

No. 2.—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs, 
concluded, (2 pages) ; Painted Buntings; Cala. 
Mottled Owl; List of Birds Found at Mon- 
treal; 24 short articles. June, ’84. 

No. 3.—Maine Items; Yellow-headed Blackbird ; 
Orchard Oriole; The Slip System; Wilson’s 
Thrush; Hand-book of Agassiz Association; 
23 short articles. July, ’84. 

No. 4.—Screech Owl; Importance of Identifica- 
tion; A La. Heronry; Cardinal Crosbeak; 
Eagle’s Nest; How to Make and Use Bird 
Lime; 14 short articles. Aug., ’84. 

Wo. 5.—Bird-nesting—To Collect Scientifically, 
(8 pages); Cala. Birds; From Wyoming; 22 
short articles. Sept., ’84. 

No. 6.—Bobolink, (2% pages); Sea Birds of 
Maine; Egging in Cala. Swamp; Old ‘‘Put” 
and the Bird’s Nest; List of Wisconsin Birds; 
12 short articles. Oct., ’84. 

No. 7.—Bronzed Grakle; Singular Duel; Fish 
Hawk; Spurred Towhee and Least Tit; Old 
Put’? and the Bird’s Nest; Bird Island; 14 
short articles. Nov., ’84. 

No. 8.—The Alligator; Collecting in Marshes; 
Woodcock; “Our Birds in Their Haunts;” 
Iowa Notes; Redstart; Summer Redbird: 18 
short articles. Dec., ’&4. 

No. 9.—Baltimore Oriole; Texas Jottings; Sap- 
suckers; Barn Owl; American Ornithologists’ 
Union, (3 pages); How to Handle a Gun; 
Black-capped Titmouse; Egg of the Moa. Jan. 

No. 10.—Winter Wren; Cala. Duck Hunting; 

. Screech Owl;Davie’s Egg Check List; Pea- 

-cock with Queer Tastes; White-bellied Nut- 
atch; Blue Jays; Spotted Robin Eggs; 8 

short articles. Feb., ’85. 

o. 11.—Bank Swallow; 

Study of Birds; Gt. Horned Owl; Yellow- 

billed Cuckoo; Gambel’s Quail; Conn. Notes; 

Intelligence of the Oriole; Yellow-breast 

Chat; Maryland Yellow-throat; White- 

Rumped Shrike; List of Pacific Coast. Birds; 

Knights of Audubon; Sample Data Blanks, 

(4 pages) ; 32 short articles. “March, ’85. 

No. 12.—Compleies Vol. I. Title pages for 
binding, with complete ard exhaustive index, 
(8 pages.) . April, ’8b. 


English Sparrows; 


VOLUMETI. consists of but two numbers. 
Each contains 32 pages. 

No. 13.—Bartram’s Gardens; South Carolina 
Observations, (6 pages); Scientific Names; 
Gt. Horned Owl; Bank Swallows; Knights of 
Audubon; Hummingbird; R. I. Notes; Texas - 
Jottings; 30 short articles. May, ’85. 

No. 14.—American Crossbill; Audubon’s Birds 
of America; Tilincis Notes; Destruction of 
Birds; Cuckoos; Cala. notes; Wrens on the 
Warpath; Golden-winged Warbler; Fox: 
Sparrow; Our Winter Birds; Snipe Creek; 
Red-head; Wisconsin Jottings; Burrowing 
Owl, etc.; A Florida Trip; Horned Lark; 
Queer Homes and Nesting sites; Brave Bird; 
Ferruginovs Rough Leg; Sparrows; Pigmy 
Nuthatch; 26 short articles. June, ’8. 


~ THE OOLOGIST. 


Volumes III. and IV. are Bi-Monthly. The 
remaining volumes are Monthly. 
VOLUMB#E III. each issue averages 12 pages. 

No. 15.—Full page Frontispiece.—American Wa- 
ter Ouzels and West; Chester Island and the 
Marsh Wrens; Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y., 
(444 pages); A Cheap Cabinet; Nest of the 
Black-and-white Creeper; Summer Birds 
about Washington, D. C.; Davie’s Nests and 
Kegs of N. A. Birds; Water Blowpipe; 5 
Short Articles. Jan. & Feb., ’86. , 

No. 16.—Vagary of a Collector (Great Horned 
Owl, Climbing Strap); A Hunt for Tern Eggs; 
Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y.; Notes from 
North Carolina; Whip-Poor-Will; Nest of the 
Brown Creeper; Black-billed Cuckoo Deposit- 
ing Eggs in a Yellow-billed Cuckoo’s Nest; 
Cannibalism of the Red-headed Woodpecker ; 
23 short articles. March & April, ’86. 

No. 17.—History of a Bird-Box; Tree Sparrow; 
Nests of the Green Heron; Bird Notes from 
Iowa; A Difficult Climb after a Red-tailed 
Hawk's Nest; Review of the Check-Lists of 
N. A. Birds, with special Reference to the 
new A. O. U. List (3 pages); The State of 
Maine as a Field for the Ornith@dogist; 16 
short articles. May & June, ’86. G 

No. 18.—My first White Crane’s Nest; Spring 
Notes; Notes ‘from Chester County, Pa.; 
Turkey Buzzards; How to Make a Cabinet, . 
Chewink Nests in a Tree; A Cabinet fora. 
large Collection; 13short articles. Jy.&Aug.,’86 

No. 19.—Collecting on Long Island; Chimney. 
Swift; A Day with the Loons; Illinois Bird- 
Notes; Marsh Wrens; A Plucky Wood Pewee: 


THE OOLOGIST. 


a 


Minnesota Notes; Yates County (N. Y.) 
Notes; 8 short articles. Sept. to Nov., 86. 

No. 20.—Completes Volugne LiI. ‘Title pages for 
binding, with complete and exhaustive Index 
of Volumes II. and III. Dec., °86. 

VOLUMEIV. Each issue averages 12 pages. 

No. 21.—Birds of Chester County, Penn. (10 
pages); Chestnut-sided Warbler; Massachu- 
setts Letter; Bills of Birds; 3 short articles. | 

No. 22.—Notes from Spoon River Region, Tlic 
nois; Peculiarities of the Ruby-throated 
Hummingbird; Purple Gallinule; How to 
Collect; Bird Surgery; Rufous-vented and 
Bendire’s Thrashers and Canon_Towhee; 
Newsy Items; Notes from College Hill, Ohio, 
Nesting of our Swallows; Notes from Sulli- 
van Co., . Y¥.; Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher; 
Notes from Connecticut; Fidelity of the Song 
Sparrow; 13 short articles. March to May,’87. 

Nos. 23-24. Combined number,—Tour in the 
Woods at Fort Washington, Pa.; National 
Museum (Department of Birds, Nest and 
eggs); Beaver County, Pa. Notes; Black- 
capped Chickadee; Hawking: Agassiz Asso- 
ciation and its Work; Crow Roosts of New 
Jersey; Swainson’s, Warbler, Destroy the 
Cowbird; Traill’s and Acadian Flycatchers; 7 

- ghort articles. June to Sept., ’87. 

Nos. 25-26. Combined number,—Gannet; White 
Pelican; Black-capped Chickadee, Mocking- 
bird; Late Collecting; Yellow-breasted Fly- 
catcher 5 oOo articles. ee to Dec., ’87. 

VOLUME V. 16 pages each issue. 

No. 27.—Brown aeieners Bald Eagle; Shoot- 
ing a Golden Eagle; Florida Jottings: De- 
structive Nesting (English Sparrow) ; Arctic 

_ Terns; Notes from Lincoln County, Maine: 
Acadian Flycatcher; Red-shafted Flicker; 14 

sshort articles. Jan., ‘88. 

No. 28.—Title pages for binding, with complete 
and exhaustive Index of Volume IV.;5 Egg of 
Aipyornis Maximus, the Colossal Bird of Mad- 
agascar (6% pages) ; Fish Crow. Feb., '88._ 

No. 29.—Icterus spurius; Water Blowpipe, 
Cardinal Grosbeak; Kansas Notes; A Moon- 
light Trip; Among the Coots on St. Clair 
Flats; Brown Thrush in Confinement; 9 short 

~ articles. March, '88. / 

No. 30.—Boat-tailed Grackle; Destruction of 
our Native Birds (4 pages); Gleanings from 
Correspondence; Nest in a Horseshoe; 5 short 
articles. April, *88. 

No. 31.—Oology (Advice to Collectors) ; Bald 
Eagle; A Snipe Hunt; Notes taken at Norris- 
town, Pa.; Nidification of Jclinea mississippt- 
ensis; Among the Warblers, Chestnut-sided 
Warbler: 6short articles. May, 88. 

No. 32.—Family fallidae in Michigan (3% 
pages); Egg Collecting; Bird Voices; Road 
‘Runner: Notes on the Birds of Beaver, Pa.; 3 
short articles. June, ‘88. d 

No sé.—Loon or Great Northern Diver (2 
pages); Eggs of Mississippi Kite; Nesting of 
7 >own Pelican; Breeding Habits of American 
Flamingo (3 pages); 3 short articles. July,’88. 

Nos. 4-35. Combined number,—Reminiscences 
of 1886; Trip to Seven Mile Beach; Defense of 
. 0 os. (iwru Work in Waukesha Co., Wiscon- 
sin: Great Auk; Arkansas Notes; Black 
Snowbird; Notes for Coilectors; Some of our 
Falconidae; Jim (A Tame Crow); Buffalo 
Tnternational Fair; 8 short articles. Aug.,Sep. 

Nos. 36-37. Combined number,—American Os- 
prey; A Day with the Gulls; Florida Notes; 
A Plea for the English Sparrow ; Useful Con- 
trivances; Game Laws; Notes from Lake 
County, Ohio; South Carolina Notes; A 
Pleasant Excursion; Sp.wrows and Cat; Her- 
mit Thrush; Western House Wren; A Few 
Words to Observers; Flying Squirrels Occu- 
pying Birds’ Nests ; 15 short articles.Oct., Nov. 

Wo. 3«.—Ostrich Farming ; An Afternoon’s Col- 
lecting Trip; California Notes; Notes from 
St. izuwwrence Co., N. Y.; Bird-Arrivals in N. 


we 


E. Indiana; Bank Swallow: Faunal Changes, 
—DeKalb Co., Indiana; Audubon Monument ; 
10 short articles. Dec., ’88 

VOLUME VI. 20 pages each issue. 

No. 39.—Title pages for binding, with Complete 
and Exhaustive Index of Volume V.; Breed- 
ing Habits of the Bridled Tern ; Wood Thrush 
and Brown Thrasher; From Western North 
Carolina; Birds of Broome Co., N. Y.; Pecul- 
iar Egg of Corvus frugivorus; Cuckoos : Notes 
from Alabama; Carolina Parakeet; 12 short 
articles. Jan., ’89. 

No. 40.—A Red-headed Family (Picidae) (6% 
pages); Raptores of Michigan; Wild Turkey ; 
Birds of lowa; The ‘Critic’? Criticised; 8 
short articles. Feb., ’89. 

No. 41.—Directions for making a Bird or Mam- 
mal Skin: The Owl; A Crow Quandary ; 
Birds of Macon County, Ga.; Collecting Ex- 
perience; Story of a Tame Crow; 6 short 
articles. March, ’89. 

No. 42.—Raptores of Michigan (3 pages) : Nest- 
ing of the Tufted Tit; Peculiarities in Sets 
and Eggs of a Few of our Commoner Birds ; 
Difference between White-rumped and Log- 
gerhead Shrikes: Birds of Grafton Co., N. 
H.; Sample Pages of Davie’s New Check- 
List; 6 short articles. April, 89. 

No. 43.—Avi-Fauna of Orleans County, N. Y. 


(6% pages); The Robin; The Crow in the 
North; Bald Eagle’s Nest: Making Bird 
Skins; 3 short articles. May, ’89. 


No. 44.—Birds of Matthews To., Va.; Changes 
in the Nesting of Birds; Collecting Tour in 
Florida; Nesting of Pygmy Owl; Difference 
between White-rumped and Loggerhead 
Shrikes; Black-billed Cuckoo in Dakota; 
Datas; Nest of Marsh Hawk; 4 short articles. 

No. 45.—Michigan Notes (4% pages) ; Arkansas 
Notes; Goldfinch in Confinement; Burrowing 
Owl: Our Reply; Gleanings from Correspond- 
ents; 5 short articles. July, ’89. : 

No. 46.—Notes from Hillsborough Co., Florida 
(2 pages) ; Shore Lark in Canada; Can Quails 
be Domesticated?; Red-tailed Hawk ; Untime- 
ly End of a Set of Brown-headed Nuthatch 
Eggs; Broad-winged Hawk and Black-capped 
Chickadee; Gleanings from Correspondents ; 
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz 
Association ; 4 short articles. Aug., ’89. 

No. 47.—‘‘Old| Abe” Jr.; A Day’s Collecting 
Trip; Bell’s Vireo; Black Tern; Yellow- 
rumped Warbler; An Automatic Blower, 
Flight of Dutks; White-esed or Florida Tow- 
hee; Pygmy Owl; Cooper’s Hawk; 10 short 
articles. Sept., 789. 

No. 48.—Winter Birds of Kalamazoo County, 
Mich. (2% pages); American lLong-eared 
Owl; Wood Ibis in Tllinois; Birds of Bertie 
Co., N. C.; Collecting in Western Florida: A 
White Sparrow: Nests and Hees of North 
American Birds; Black Tern; 8 short articles. 

No. 49.—Thick-billed Grebe; Birds’ Nests; Yel- 
low-billed Cuckoo; Mechanical Egg Drill; 
Birds Moving their eggs; Cardinal Grosbeak : 
To Pack Eggs for Transportation; Disposal 
of Duplicate Specimens; Complete List of 
the Birds of North America arranged accord- 
ing to the A. O. U. Check-List (6 pages) ;5 
short articles. Nov., °89. 

No: 50.—Birds of Niagara County, N. Y.; Shore 
Lark; Incidents in Bird Life; Gleanings from 
our Correspondence; Marsh Hawk; Yellow- 
headed Blackbird; Northern Phalarope; 12 
short articles. Dec., ’89. 

VOLUME VII. ® 

No. 51.—Title pages for binding, with Complete 

and Exhaustive Index of Volume VI.; Notes 

on Florida Birds (3 Dares) ; Ornithology and 

Bicycling; Audubon Ornithological Club; 

Florida Field Notes; Trip to Devil’s Glen; 

Simple Contrivance ; Capture of a Trumpeter 

Swan;4short articles. Jan., ’90. 

No. 52.—Breeding of the Brown-heaaded Nut- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


hatch; Prairie Horned Lark; Collecting Ex- 
perience; Snowy Owl; Nest of the Texan Bob- 
white; Unusual Nesting of the Downy Wood- 
pecker; Evening Grosbeak; Blue-Gray Gnat- 
catcher and Tufted Tit; 6 short articles. Feb. 


No: 53.—Summer Residents of Buena Vista 
County, Iowa; In the Woods of Florida; 
Birds of Mackinac Island, Mich. ; Among the 
Gulis on Isle Royale; Sandhill Crane; Even- 
ing Grosbeak; Ruby-crowned Kinglet; Cac- 
tus Wren; Screech Owl in Captivity ; Taking 
Birds’ Nests; 11 short articles. March, ’90. 


No. 54.—Caged Eagles: Evening Grosheak (2 
pages); Solitary Sandpiper; Summer Red- 
bird; Notes from Rochester, Mich. ; Family 
Rallidae in Minnesota; Downy Woodpecker ; 
Hardly Ornithological; 10 short articles. Apr. 


No. 55.—Do Birds Mate More than Once?; 
Habits of the Evening Grosbeak; Pileated 
Woodpecker in Florida; Bird Protection; 
Chinese or Mongolian Pheasant in Oregon; 
Prairie Warbler; Winter Birds in Spring; A 
Valuable Work: Davie’s New Work on Taxi- 
dermy ; 12 short articles. May, ’90. 


No. 56.—Nesting habits of the American Oyster- 
eatcher; Prairie Horned Lark ; Saw-Whet or 
Acadian Owl; Pine Warbler; Bluebird ; Albi- 
nos; Pileated Woodpecker in Mahoning 
County. Ohio; Belligerent Neighbors. Re- 
cording the number of Birds Observed: Book 
Review ; Prospectus of the Worcester Natural 
History Camp (414 pages); 12 short articles.Je. 


No. 57.—American Crossbill; Crested Grebe+ 
Voracious Mountain Trout; Yellow-billed 
Cuckoo; Long-tailed Chickadee; Rough- 
‘winged Swallow; Great Horned Owl; Some 
Unusual Happenings; Pallas’ Cormorant: 
Eggs of Audubon’s Warbler; 12 short articles. 


No. 58.—The Caprimulgidae in Arkansas: 
White-bellied Nuthatch; Strange Co-habita- 
tion; Variation in the Eggs of Habia ludovici- 
ana; King Rail in Minnesota; 8 short arti- 
cles. Aug., ’90. 


No. 59.—The Use of the Camera in the Field; 
Saw-Whet or Acadian Owl; Nesting of the 
Black Snowbird; Marsh Hawk. Plain Tit- 
mouse; Lost Opportunities: The Magnolia 
Warbler; Wilson’s Plover at Home; 8 short 
articles. Sept., ’90. 


No. 60.—The Use of the Camera in the Field. 
A study of nests (6% pages, illustrated witb 4 
hoto engravings); The Flathead (Mentana) 
ield; The Owls of San Bernardino Valley; A 
Collecting Adventure; The Ruby-throated 
Hummingbird; Ornithologists at Indian- 
apolis; The Burrowing Owl; After ‘‘Gators’ 


Eggs; Notes from Northern Minnesota. 
Oct, ’90. 
No. 61.—The Ruby-throated Hummingsird 


(Fairies in a Fairyland) (38'4 pages); Notes 
from Travis Co., Texas; A Week to Mt. Ham- 
ilton; Great Horned Owl; Strange Co-habitas 
tion; Brewer’s Blackbird; Nesting of Con- 
topus borealis in Maine; A Letter from Oliver 
Davie Relating to his New Work on Taxi- 
dermy; Notes on Ardea herodias; The Pro- 
thonotary Warbler; Nesting of the Virginia 
Rail; The Yellow Rail in Mich.; An Outline 
of the More Valuable Articles Appearing in 
the YOUNG OOLOGIST (3 pages) ; 7 short arti- 
cles. Nov., ’90. 


No. 62.—The Rusty Blackbird; Notes from 
Ohio; Evening Grosbeak in New re eee 
The Cala. Partridge or Valley Quail; Nothing 
at All—a Poem; Case for Instruments; Notes 
trom island Lake, Florida; 3 short articles. 

ec.. '90. 


VOLUME VIII. No. 68 contains 24 pages. 

No, 64, 32 pages. No, 86-67, 36:pages inclndiug 

cover. The balance, 20 pages, including covers 

8 74 also contains an additional 4 page in- 

No. 68.—A Day Among the Fish Hawks: The 
Marsh Wrens of Hudson Co.,N. J.; Now,— 
The Time to Wage War on the English Spar- 
row; Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker in 
Kalamazoo Co., Mich.; American Sparrow 
Hawk; Anna’s Hummingbird; Was it a Cow- 
Bird’s nest; Florida Red-shouldered Hawk; 
On Owl's Tenacity to Life; Western Horned 
Owl; Albino Eggs; An Afternoon with the 
Birds: A “Good Enough” Way to Blow Egg; 
Meeting of the A. O. U.; Expert Taxidermy; 
5 short articles. Jan. °91,' *° 

No, 64.—Flycatcher Notes;' Collecting in the 
Marsh; House Finch; The Barred Owl; Yel- 
low-breasted Chat; Anna’s Hummingbird; 
Birds North of Their Usual Range; Egg Col- 
lecting—The Two Classes; A Perfect Collect- 
ino; Texas Notes; Nesting of Spinus pinus in 
the Northwest. Title pages for binding with 
complete and exhaustive index for Vol. vii. 
4 short articles. Feb. ’91. 

No. 65.—A New Year’s Soliloquy; Water Ouzel; 
An Ornithological Paradise; ‘‘The English 
Sparrow Must Go"; Fond Mothers: Passen- 
ger Pigeon; The OOLOGIST; Caracara or Mex- 
ican Hagle; The Cooper’s Hawk; Some Harly 
Birds of Linn Co., Oregon; Broad-winged 
Hawk; The Extinction of Our Birds. Mar.’91 

No. 66-67.— Combined Number.—A List of the- 
Birds of Elgin Co., Ont.—(64% pages); Ran- 
dom Notes onthe Belted Kineg-fisher; The 
Hnelish Sparrow! A Few Articles for the 
Collector; Sereech Owl; Western Meadow 
Lark; Hermit Thrush; Aves urbis, A Much 
Occupied Nest! The Whip-poor-will; Nesting 
of the Red-talled Hawk: Cooper’s Hawk: The 
Bagles ot North America; Nesting of the 
Black-capped Chickadee in Kalamazoo Co., 
Mich.: Nesting of the Purple Finch; The Red 
eyed Vireo; Bird Lite of an Islet; Migration 
of the Canada Goose; Association of ‘Ameri- 
can Ornithologists; Notes on the Wright's 
Flycatcher:8 short articles. Apr. and May 91. 

No. 68.—The Hummingbirds of California; 
Ring Pheasant; The Carolina Wren; Ameri- 
can Dipper; A Trip to Pelican Island; Michi- 
gan Ornithology: A Duty to Perform; Great 
Horned Owl; Enemies of Our Feathered 
Friends; Queex, Neighbors; Bird Migration, 
June ‘91. 

No. 69.—Some Florida Notes; The New Era in 
Ornithology; The Amusing Antics of a Pair 
o? Brown Thrashers; The Chewink in Or- 
leans County: The Yellow-billed and Black- 
bilied Cuckoos; Changes in*Michigan Orni- 
thology; My First Nighthawk’s Nest; The 
Wrens of North Carolina: What causes the 
Quick Notes of the Whip-poor-will; A Better 
Report from Texas; Items of Interest from 
Florida; The American Osprey; Nesting of 
the Chestnut-backed Chickadee. July. '91. 

No. 70,—The Story of a Flood; Feeding the 
Birds in Winter; Nest and Eggs of the Ru- 
fous Hummingbird; The Chewink in Broome 
Co., N. Y,.; The Carolina Wren Again; A Trip 
to Smith’s Island; More About the Iowa Ha- 
gles; Some Notes on the Breeding of the Car- 
olina Snow-bird; Black and White Creepers; 
Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk; Danger 
in using Arsenical Soap; Interesting Notes 
from Oregon; Answers to that Turkey Vul- 
ure Query; ‘‘Meadow Larks and Turkey Buz- 
zards; Seaside School of Biology; World’s 
Fair Notes. Aug. ‘91. 

No. 71.—The Black and White Creeping: War- 
bler; An Indiana Herony; The English spar- 
City, “Mich; Michigan Notes; 

hite-crowned Sparrow; A Rap- 


row in Ba 
Gambel’s 


THE OOLOGIST. 


bling Mixture from Connecticut; Henslows 
Sparrow: A Few Notes on Ornithology and 
Ornithologists ;The Ruby-throated Humming- 
bird; Of Interest to Oologists; How I Found 
a Killdeer’s Nest;Range of the Towhee; Owls 
as Pets; Michigan Notes; A Rose-breasted 
Grosbeak Widower; 5 short arts Sept. °91. 

No. 72.—The Screech Owl; The Divers: In Fa- 
vor of an Organization: What is the Most 
Northern Latitude in Which the Chewink 
Breeds: Notes at Random; Ornithologists 
Association; Harlan’s Buzzard andthe Red- 
tail; An April’s Outing; Eggs of the Sharpe’s 
Seed-eater; Shall We have a General Associ- 
ation of Scientists; A Trip to Cobb’s Island; 
One of Indiana’s New Laws; ‘‘Bird Nesting in 
Northwest Canada.” ‘‘Fremde Hireim Nest.” 
5 short articles. Oct. ’91 

No. 73.—The Great Carolina Wren; A Timely 
Letter: Western Robin; Western New York 
Naturalist’s Association; The Scissor-tailed 
Flycatcher; California Thrasher; Ornitholo- 
gist Association; Albino Birds; Chewink or 
“Chewee’; ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts”; 
The Lark Bunting; List of Birds Found 
Breeding in the Vicinity. of Peoria Ills; 
World's Fair Notes; Relics by the Wagon 
Load. Nov. ’91 

No. 74.—The Sharp-shinned Hawk; A White 
Crow; The Pileated Woodpecker; Russet- 
backed Thrush; How Dr. M. Keeps His Oolo- 
gical Treasures; Thanksgiving Notes from 
the Far West; The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in 
Arkansas; Shall We Organize; Bird Nesting 
in November; Frauds; A Further Contribu- 
tion to the Chewink Controversy; One Day’s 
Tramp; The Nest of the Chestnut-sided War- 
bler: The Gulls; The Carolina Parrot: Bar- 
tram’s Sandpiper; The Horned Grebe, 
World’s Fair Notes. This number also con- 
tains-a4-page inset of Nuttal’s Ornithology. 
Dec.. 791. 

VOLUME IX. 

No. 75—Bird Nesting in North-west Canada; 
Two Birds of Western Kansas; Ornitholo- 
gists Association; Western New York Natur- 
alists Association; The Blue Grosbeak; 
Maryland Yellow-throat; Chewink; The 
Bronzed Grackle, Prizes for Best Articles; 
Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More than 
Once; Old Recollections; Summer Tanager ; 
“The Way of the Transgressor is Hard” ;*‘Our 
Birds in Their Haunts.” 5 short articles, this 
No. also contains a plate in two colors of 
Long Lake and Nests of Canvas-back and 
Yellow-headed Blackbird. Jan. ’92. ) 

No. 76—Title pages for binding with complete 
and exhaustive index for Vol. VIII Zootomy 
—The Domestic Pigeon (Illustrated) ; Yellow 
Warbler; Black-throated Bunting; Four 
Birds of Oregon: My Trays; Pileated_ Wood- 
pecker; Notes on Albinoes; A Day’s Trip for 
Bald Eagle Nestsin Florida; Partridges and 
Their Relatives; Notes on Some Peculiar 
Eggs; Collecting on the Farallone Island; 
Our Winter Visitors;3 short articles. Feb- 
ruary ’92. 

No. 77 A Pair of Screech Owls at Home (an 
engraved Frontispiece) Zootomy—The Dom- 
estic Pigeon; Incessancy of the Yellow Warb- 
ler’sSong; Some of Our Thrushes; The Spec- 
imens I Didn’t Get; Notes from South-west- 
ern Ohio; A Day with the Ducks; A Trip 
Through ‘‘Wa-hoo Hammock; A True Nat- 
uralist; The Crow; Around Omaha; Early 
Nesting of the Great Horned Owl; A Trait of 
the Carolina Wren; Visiting a Bald Eagle’s 
Nestin Virginia; The Vireos of Connecticut; 
The Crossbill in Iowa; Notes from the Vir- 
ginia Coast; An Hour with the Water Birds; 
Holf-a-dozen short articies,notes, etc. March 


92. 
No. 78.—Sharp-shinned Hawk (Half-tone en- 
graving); Lanius Boreal’s on Deck: A Vaca- 


tion with the Birds; TheIbis of Ledworth 
Lake; Notes on the Whip-poor-will; The 
Black Railin Franklin Co., Kans.; Albino 
Eggs of the Long-billed Marsh Wren; Notes 
from Nova Scotia; Scientific Names, Their 
Use and Beauty; Pointers on Making Bird 
Skins; Collecting on an European Islet; The 
Great Gray Owl; Collecting and Collectors; 
A Collecting Trip; Zootomy. The Domestic 
Pigeon; Prepare Your Specimens Well; 
Eleven short articles. April °92. 

No. 79.—Acanthis Linaria; Bird Notes from Or- 
egon; The Woodpeckers; Phainopepla or 
Black-crested Flycatcher; After Golden Kag- 
les: Among the ‘‘Blue-grays”’; Treatment of 
Cases of Ivy Poison; A Trip After Beach 
Birds; Some of Our Louisiana Birds; A Step 
inthe Right Direction; A Winter Acquain- 
tance; Are Crows Beneficial?; Spring Open- 
ers; The Wood Ibis; The Yellow Warbler’s 
Song; Wilson’s Snipe; Notes from Southern 
Wisconsin; Eleven short articles. May ’92. 

No. 80.— A Taxidermist’s Camp (engraved 
Frontispiece) ; The Purple Finch; South Dak- 
ota Notes; Some of Our Visitors and Neigh- 
bors; The Black Vulture in Orleans Co.;A 
Day’s Collecting in California; The Turkey 
Vulture; The Purple Finch in Broome Co., 
N. Y.; Two rare nests, The Chestnut-sided 
Warbler; Six short articles. June ’92. 

No. 81.—A Quawk town; The Hairy Wood- 
pecker; Birds found Breeding in Bertie Co., 
No. Car.; California Bush-Tit; Nighthawks. 
in Binghampton, N. Y.; Sitta Canadensis in 
Montana; A Few Notes on the Red-tailed 
Hawk; The Hummingbird in So. Car.; Five 
short articles. July ’92. 

No. 82.—Collecting on Cobb’s Island: Va; The 
Ashy Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa) on 
the Farrallones; After the Yellow-billed Mag- 
pie; An Oological Trip in Central Illinois; 
lowa Notes: The Chicadee in Rutland Co., 
Vt; The Long-eared Owl; 5 short articles 
August ’92. ‘ 

No.83.—The Breeding Warblers of Western New 
York; A Tramp Through Wood and Marshes 
in Eastern Iowa; Acadian Flycatcher; the 
Prothonotary Warbler; Notes from Bexar 
Co. Tex; How I Spent Easter Sunday; A Cali- 
fornia Collecting Ground; Past Remin- 
iscences; Six short articles. Sept. ’92. 

No. 84.—The History and Mystery of Jacob 
Potter Jr.; A Day inthe Field; The Genus 
Thryothorus; The Californian Bush-Tit; A 
Ramble in May; Among the Hummingbirds; 
A Collecting Expedition; Five short articles. 
Oct. °92. f 

No. 85:—Osteology for Amatuers; Buzzard 
Island; Winter Visitors: The Chestnut-collar- 
ed Longspur; Fringilladae in Newton, Mid- 
dlesex County, Mass.; The Birds in Bush 
Fields in Summer; Some Trips for Hawks 
Eggs. November 792. 

No. 86.—‘‘Cut of Eggs of California Murre”’; 
Professional Egging; or the Collecting of 
Murre’s Eggs In California; A Collection of 
North Carolina Birds Eggs; Report of West- 
ern New York Naturalists Association; Two 
Western Birds; The Fascination of Oology; 
To the Ornithologists of Illinois; Cerulean 
Warbler. December ’92. 

No. 87.—A Field Naturalists Outfit; Tne Gold- 
en Swamp Warbler; Bird Nesting in an 
Illinois Swamp; Birds as Pets (One Way of 
Taming Them); The Osprey in Florida and 
Other Notes; Notes from Isabella Co.. Mich; 
The Birds Which Breed in Central Park, New 
York City; Two Warblers; A Collection of 
North Carolina Birds Eggs ; Wanted—Advice, 
Twoshort articles. January ’93. 

No. 88.—The American Osprey; A summer 
Ramble; Some Sparrows in Minnesota; Col- 
lecting in Chicago; Scientific Osteology for 
Amateurs; A Collection of North Carolina . 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Birds Eggs; The Sooty Grouse; California 
Vulture; A Lucky ] ‘ay; Winter Coilecting or 
Something about Owls; The Sagacity of Fish 
Hawks; American Goshawk in Illinois; The 
Yellow Palm Warbler; Collecting Black Vul- 
tures Eges; Twenty-one short notes. Feb- 
ruary °93. 

No. 89.—Chat and Cliff Swallow; The Herons of 
Michigan; The Winter Visitors of Central 
Park, N. Y.; Another Day with the Birds of 
Southern California; The Loggerhead Shrike 
of Florida; How to Prepare a Bird Skin; A 
Trick of the Crow; Notes on Cathartes aura: 
The American Bittern; The Barred Owl; 
Hints on Skinning and Mounting Birds; 
Great Horued Owlin Iowa; Four short arti- 
cles. March ’93. 


No. 90.—RAPTORES OE MICHIGAN—American 


Sparrow Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, etc.; A Col- 
lector’s Gun; The Rough-winged Swallow: 
A Criticism; Nesting of the Blue-winged 
Yellow Warbler; Scenes from the Life of 
Alexander Wilson—Wilson in Scotland; 
Queer Myths about Birds; Band-tailed Pig- 
eon; Caspain or Imperial Tern; A Tri-col- 
ored Blackbird; Another California Trip; 
Illinois River Valley from an Ornithological 
Standpoint; Tribulations of tae Oologist 
(Poetry); Two short notes. April 93. 


No. 91.—On the Habits of the California Quail 
in New Zealand; Courtésy and Business in 
Exchanging; The Raptores of Omaha and 
Vicinity; A Few Hints on Camping; Short- 
billed Marsh Wren; The Prairie HornedLark ; 
Plumage; Canadian Birds; Scenes from the 
Life of Alexander Wilson—His Early Ameri- 
can Career; Among the Snake Birds; Tri- 
nominal Nomenclature; Fifteen short arti- 
oles. May °93. 


No. 92.—Taking the Eggs of the Peregrine 
Falcon: Remarkable Flight of Geese; A “Trip 
for Loon’s Eggs; Scenes from the Life of 
Alexander Wilson—Wilson and Bartram the 
Naturalist; Floridian Races; The Embry- 
ology of a Bird; How to Visit the World’s 
Fair; A Few More Hints on Scientific Osteol- 
egy; Seven short articles. June 93. 


No. 93.—A Study in Orange and Black; Birds 
as Pets; A Heronry; Notes from Yamhill Co. 
Oregon; Rare Nestings;: Scenes from the Life 
of Alexander Wilson—The Planning of His 
American Ornithology; The Chimney Swift; 
Among the Least Bitterns; The American 
Magpie; The Pintail Duck. July 96. 


No. 91.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander 


Wilson—Journey to the Falls of Niagara; 
Twice used Hummingbird’s Nests; Notes on 
the Nesting Habit; of the Scissor-tailed Fly- 
catcher; Nesting Habits of the Hades Plung- 
er; The History of a Cowbird’s Eggs; Black 
Tern; The Plumed Partridge; The Long- 
erested Jayin Colorado; Hash: A Mammoth 
Egg; Twelve short articles. August ’93- 


No. 95.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander 


Wilson—The Progress of His Undertaking; 
The American and Least Bitterns in Henry 
Co. Jll; Cruising and Science; The Rose- 
breasted Grosebeak at Home; A Narrow KEs- 
cape; The Sapsucker; The White-tailed Kite 
and Prairie Falcon in California; The Fair; 
Four short articles. September ’93. 


No. 96,—Scenes from the Life of Alexander 
Wilson—The First Volume of the American 
Ornithology; Raptores of Michigan —-Broad- 
winged Hawk, Red-shouldered Hawk, etc.; 
Auld Lang Syne; The Marsh Hawk and Its 
Eggs; The American Woodcock; Nesting 
Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina Wrens In 
Travis Co., Texas; Death of B. F. Goss; A 
Day in the Woods; Bird Wit and the Lack of 
It. October 793. 


No. 97—Some Notes on the Wild Turkey; Rap- 
tores of Michigan—American Rough-legged 
Hawk, Golden Eagle, Bald Eagle, American 
Long-eared Owl. etce.; With the Prairie 
Warbler; Migration; Sharp-shinned Hawk; 
Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch Raven, 
Baltimore Co.,Md.; The Game Bird of the 
Prairie; Sora and Virgiuia Rails; Hight short. 
articles. November °93. 

No. 98--Collecting at Night (Poetry); Oology; 
Nota Criticism; A Nest of the Canvas-back;. 
Scenes from the Life of Alexander Wilson— 
His Southern Subscription Tour; Notes on 
the Birds of Henry Co., Iowa; Raptores of 
Michigan—Short-eared Owl, Barred Owl, 
Saw whet Owl, etc.; A Peculiar Nesting Site;. 
Six short articles. December ’93. 


VOLUME XI. 


No. 99—Title pages for binding with a complete 
and exhaustive index for Vol. X; Raptores of 
Michigan—Screech Owl, Great Horned Owl; 
A Collecting Trip in Florida; Western Warb- 
ling Vireo; The OOLOGIST’S “Exhibit of Birds 
Eggs at the World’s Columbian Exposition— 
A Complete List of the Exhibitors and the 
Sets They Exhibited (6% pages). Jan. 94. 


No. 100.—George Newbold Lawrence, with 
portrait; Letter from John B. Hindtime; 
Watching Flickers; Finding a Nest of the 
Hooded Merganser; Some Winter Bird Notes; 
Along the Outlet Creek;The Spring and Sum- 
mer Birds of Central Park, New York; Great 
Horned Owl; White-throated Sparrow in St. 
Lawrence Co..N. Y.; Bohemian Waxwings; 
Another Prolific Flicker; Am. White Pelican 
in Illinois; Six short articles, Feb., ’94. 


No. 101,—Nesting Habits of the Brown Pelican 
in Florida.with half-tone;Hvening Grosbeak ;. 
My Friend Hairy: A Few Thoughts; Nesting 
of Leconte’s Sparrow; Scenes from the Life 
of Alexander Wilson; ‘Collecting Live Birds; 
Accidental Death of Birds; Maryland Birds 
that Iuterest the Sportsman; Western New 
York Naturalists’ Association; Three short 
articles. March, ’94. 


No. 102.—Half-tone of a Group of Bob-whites; 
Maryland Birds that Interest the Sportsman; 
Hfnts About Data and Field Books; A Col- 
lecting Trip in Northern Iowa; Scenes From 
the Life of Alexander Wilson; The Wood- 
pecker of Minnesota; The American Crow; A 
Disastrous Season on Pelican Island; Re- 
markable Tenacity of Bird Life; Notes from 
the Mid-winter Fair; Accidental Death of 
Birds; Western New York Naturalists’ As- 
sociation; Four short articles. April, ’94, 

No. 103.—My Broadwings of °92 and °93; Wil- 
son's Snipe; Scenes from the Life of Alexan- 
der Wilson; An Inexpensive Boat; A Pair of 
Bubos at Home; Collecting in a Minnesota 
Swamp: A Collecting Trip in North Dakota; 
An Karly Find; The Golden Eagle in Indiana; 
Golden-winged Warbler;My First Set of Pine: 
Siskins; Three short articles. May, ’94. 

No. 104.—Notes from Audubon’s Biography; 
My Loquacious Pct; Migration of the Chim- 
ney Swift; A Day with the Cooper’s Hawks; 
Some Winter Bird-life; The Whip-poor-will; 
Notes on the Barn Swallow: A Crank; The 
Wren-tit or Ground-tit; Proiect our Birds; 
Vireonide in Iowa; A Little Advice; Five 
short articles. June, ’94. 

No. 105.—Dove Life in Arizona; Notes from Au- 
dubon’s Biography; Fox vs. Crows; A Few 
Field Notes; Bell’s Vireo; Nesting Habits of 
Richardson’s Merlin; Nesting Habits of the 
Passenger Pigeon; Some Notes on the Habits 
of the Arkansas Goldfinch; The Language of 
Crows and Other Notes; Collecting for an 
Aquarium; Nine short articles. July, ’94. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


No. 106.—Nesting of the Western Gull; The 1st 
Day of June, '94; Nesting Habits of the Kill- 
deer; The Thrashers’s Song; Notes from Au- 
dubon’s Biography; Nesting of the Whoop- 
ing Crane; Habits of the American Wood- 
cock in Ashtabula Co., Ohio; The Road-run- 
ner; Nine short articles. Aug., ‘94. 


No. 107.—Nesting Habits of the Hooded Warb- . 


Ter; Oology vs. Philately; A Beautiful Hum- 
mingbird’s Nest; Shape of Eggs; Notes from 
Audubon’s Biography ;Crane Island:Notes on 
the Phoebe; Conglomeration; Hutton’s Vireo; 
Protect Our Birds; Six short articles. Sept., 
04. 


No. 108.—A Study “of Nests; An Oologist of 
Early Day; Traill’s Flycatcher; Notes from 
Audubon’s Biography; Nidification of the 
Fish Crow; Nesting Habits of the Golden- 
winged Warbler; Observations on Birds; Al- 
binos of the Grasshopper Sparrow; Three 
short articles. Oct. 94. 


No. 109.—The Study of Bird Life; Collecting 
viz: Oological; Leach’s Petrel; Nesting Hab- 
its of the Chestnut-sided Warbler; The Or- 
nithology of a Church Yard; Notesfrom Au- 
dubon’s Biography; Grasshopper Sparrow in 
Outario Co., N. Y.; Two short articles. Nov. 
94, 

No. 110.—A Few Notes on the Tufted Puffin, 
with half-tone of Nest and Egg; The Scarlet 
Tanager‘ Water Birds of Heron Lake; Some 
experience with the Young of the Ruffed 
Grouse and Bob-white; Protest against Bird 
Slaughter; Half-tone of Orioles Nest; Notes 
from Audubon’s Biography; Some Queer 
Habits of Urinator imber; Methods in the Art 
of Taxidermy; The Barbarism of Fashion; 
Twelve short articles, Dec., 794. 


Davie’s Nests and Riggs 


SS Oh 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc, by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M. D. 
and W. Otto Emerson, 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs 
of the Land and Water Birds of North America, 
which includes all the species known to exist— 
those that occur or are indigenous north of the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. 

The breeding range of each species Is given, 
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs 
laid, their color and size together with the chief 
characteristics of the bird. 

The arrangement of the work is according to 
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and 
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) 
as used in former editions, are placed to the 
right of each species. Throughout the text all 
the common names of the birds are to be found, 
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is 

iven. 

Nn invaluable book asan aid for the identifi- 
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the 
field, 

The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page 
illustrations. 


Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75. 
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 


- 


My Prices for Back Numbers of the 


YOUNG OOLOGIST 


AND THE 


OOLOGIST 


Will, during 1895, remain as 
quoted below 


After which the prices of many numbers will be 
advanced and possibly not obtainable at any 
price. Should you desire back numbers to com- 
plete your file Now is the time to purchase. 
You can never obtain them for less money and 
possibly nof at any price. as our stock ranges 
from only 2 to 50 copies of an issue. 


Our prices until Feb. 1,1896, are as 
follows: ‘ 

Nos. 18, 21,32,42 are 20 cts.each - 

Nos. 23-24, 53, 75, 76,77, 79, 90 
and 101,15 cts. each. 

Nos. 9, 11,13,14,15, 84-835,58, 70, 
87, 88, 89, 10 cts. each. 

(=~All other numbers, 5c per copy. 
FOR ONLY $5.00 CASH I willsend by 
return mail a copy Of every issue published — 
Nos, 1 to 110 inclusive. 

FOR ONLY. 50c. I willsend a package of 
twenty (2U) ail different back numbers, my Sel- 
ection. 
FOR ONLY $!.00 I will send a package 
of forty (40) back numbers, all different, my se- 
lection. 

My prices for back Nos. of the YOUNG OoLo- 

GIST and OOLOGIST in volumes, are as follows: 


Vol. I. YOUNG OoLoGIstT, Nos. 1 to 12........$ 60 
Pasod (a Bs oY a PENN B Sect MIGb a) Sas 2 its 
. TI. THE OOLOGIST, TUS IN) AO) PO) ose 40. 
eT ae We Pal iho) Baro)... 20) 
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BOUND VOLUMES 


Can be furnished, strongly bound in cloth and 
boards, as follows: 
Volpi MViOUNG: OOWOGISIN ie nae aeanneE 
TOE 2 and Vol. Il. Tar 
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» TX. The OoLoGtst for ’92, 298 pages of 
valuable and instructive Oological 
and Ornithological matter With 
many full page illustrations ONLY 1.00 


Or if you order the three volumes at one time, 
we wiil send them by return mail for only $2.35. 
Every student of birds, their nests and eggs 
should have these three volumes in their libra- 
ry. The valuable information they contain, is 
worth many times the price. 

Address plainly 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Publisher of THE OOLOGIST, 


Albion, N. Y. 


"THK OOLOGIST 


For 1895 will be amply illustrated, and 


$300 Worth of Prizes ! 


Will be presented to its Readers and Contributors. 


The OoLoatsT is without question the most popular and instructive magazine, 
devoted to Birds, their Nests and Eggs, ever published, and while of special value 
to the Oologist and Ornithologist, its publisher is not alone in his belief that Teach- 
ers, Scientists, Naturalists and Curiosity Collectors in all departments will find 
the OoLoGistT not only worthy of their attention, but of their Swbscriptions. With 
1895, the OoLoGisT entered its twelfth volume, and it will be the aim of its publish- 
er with the aid of its subscribers, to make it of greater value than any preceedin 
one. Hach number for ’95 will contain thirty-two pages and will be promptly aati 
regularly issued the first week of each month and sent post-paid to any part ofjthe 


World. 
FOR ONLY 75 CENTS. 


Every subscriber received for ’95 will be mailed a card composed of two Coupons 
one of which will entitle the person addiessed, to a free Exchange Notice, of [25 
words in the OoLoaistT if used within one year from date, The second coupon will 
be accepted bythe Publisher of the OoLoaisr from the person addressed, in pay- 
ment for or towards anything he offers foi sale,to the amount of 25 cents providing 
-the goeds ordered amount to not less than $1.25. ‘This coupon is just the same as 
25¢. in cash to you if you should want to purchase anything of him ‘to the amount 
of $1.25, during the year. 


Remember every subscriber received for the OoOLOGIsT will receive FOR ONLY 
75 CENTS the following: 


The Ooxoaist for ’95 é : $ 75 
Coupon for an Exchange Notice : : 50 
“« 25, on $1.25 order : é 25 

$1 50 


SAMPLE COPY FREE. 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


ALBION, ORLEANS CoO., N. Y. 


‘iC Sa Ontil Feb. 15th I will accept your subscription or renewal to. 
THE OOLOGIST for’95 for Only 50 Cents. After that 
date 75 cents will be the lowest rate. Address plainly 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Natural Science News. 


An eight-page Weekly Journal, the first number of which willl 
be published on Saturday, February 2, 1895, and on every Saturday 
thereafter. It will be the only weekly publication i in America devot- 
ed exclusively to 


NATURAL HISTORY. 


The size of its pages will be about 8x12 inches, making it of 
convenient size for binding and preserving, and at the end of each 
volume an exhaustive index will be given. It will be the Naturalist’s 
Newspaper and will reach every Naturalist, Collector and Museum 
in the Land. Its Editor and Publisher will be ably assisted by spec- 
ialists in all departments. 

If you are, in any manner, interested in any of the various 
branches of Natural Science, or in the collecting, preparing and pre- 
serving of specimens of any kind—it makes no difference whether you 
are Amateur or Professional, or whether a Student, a Teacher or 
Field Collector—you can ill afford to be a non-subscriber, for its 
Publisher will venture to assert that during the year you will surely 
find something in a single number, that will be of greater value to 
you than the amount you pay for a full year’s subscription. 

Short, newsy items and notes on any subject pertaining to Nat~ 
ural History are solicited from all. 


Subscription Price, $1.00 per Annum. 


Single Copies, 5c each. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 


IQUE OM SIEUB IE, 


ORLEANS CO., ALBION, N. Y. 


[5 
& 1G en 


We 
~ 


ly 


AEA ES 
Monthly. 


VOL. XI. 


¥ . 
Cr Send QA G\RSSS0000RGORuGUEEOeEEonuEnEGuaswcn 


Se gle>) SORSESEA EAE... 
(Go 


ADBION, N. Y., JAN., 1894. 


<h 
Raraeggngrase” ; 


ASRESESO SOCCER EROS SEER BSOeUSe SEA eeceReeee! 


= 
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2 
oF 


50c. per Year. aS 


) 


NOWE 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,” “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50¢ per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
‘‘ DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
- Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘** Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


‘and according to conditions stated thereon. 


is an opportune time tor YQU torenew your subscription to the OOLOGIST 


for 1894, and it in arrears to make an early settlement of the same. 


W hether 


‘this reminder applies fo you or not,is it not high time that Y QU sent us at least one new Subscriber 


TO EXCHANGE.—Birds skins for same or 
‘eggs in sets With data or collecting tube for 12 
gauge gun. MRS. H. K. SEDGWICK, Dexter, 
Mich. 


HAVE skins, sets and many articles to ex- 
change for skins and sets. Send list, stating 
what you want, I may haveit. N. HOLLISTER 
Delavan, Wis. 


TO EXCHANGE.- $9 worth of birds eggs in 
singles for U. S. Postage Stamps. CLARH NCE 
LUTHER, P. O. Box 322, Fayetteville, Ark. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Stamps for curios or eggs, 
100 stamps for 8c, 1 good stylographic pen sell 
‘cheap for cash. All answered. JAMES HOWE 
SLATER, Webster, Mass. 


NOTICE.—Those desiring strictly 1st class 
fully identified sets or singles from this locality 
during the coming season would do well to ad- 
dress me for rates. GEO. D. FRENCH, Ivory- 
ton, Conn. ; 


WANTED.—To buy or possibly exchange, 1st 
‘class sets of eggs with data. Collectors in other 
ilocalties kindly write. H. B. HOLLIS, Welles- 

ley Hills, Massachusetts. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Snare drum without 
heads, Prussian modes nickle plated trimmings 
With sticks. Cost 312. To exchange for the 
‘best offer of first-class eggs. J. O. JOHNSON, 
Southington, Conn. 


NOTICE.—Will give fine polished Mexican 
opal (price $1) for each dozen good flint heads 
sent me, also highest price paid for Columbian 
‘stamps. All letters answered. WILL OD. 
pe EIEN: 320 E. Klowa St., Colo. Springs, 

olo. 


FOR SALE.—An 1853 }quarter without rays 
over eagle or arrows side of date. In fair con- 
dition somewhat scratched. Will sell or ex. 
for best offer. LAURENCE APPLETON, 
Haddonfield, N. J. 


TO EXCHANGE.—First-class birds eggs for 
good books. violin, or musical instruments of 
any kind. DANA P. GILLETT, Barre Center, 
Orleans Co., N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGBHE.—$150 worth of stuffed . 
birds and mammals,stamps,eggs and rifie to ex- 
change for a watch, silver cornet and bicycle. 
FRED 8S. HAGGART, Chagrin Falls, Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Magic Lantern, ten slides 
and first-class singles and sets with data, to ex- 
change for Climbing irons or first-class sets 
with data. PRANK H. BOTSFORD, Lyndon- 
ville, N. Y. i 


I HAVE 55 first-class Southern California 
eggs. 43 varieties, value $25, to exchange for 
good copy of Ridgeway’s Manuajl,or caSh. Make 
offers and send for lists. I. N. CAMP. De Luz, 
San Diego Co., California. 


MOUNTE)Y BIRDS and Animals at lowest 
prices. Gray Rabbit, $1.50; Blue Jay, 75c.; En- 
glish Sparrow, 40c.; Black-capped Chickadee, 
50c.,. White-bellied Nuthatch, 50c.; Black Snow 
Bird, 65c. Skins also mounted at lowest rates. 
Send stamp for list. Address, D. J. BULLOCK, 
Marshalltown, Ia. 


NEBRASKANS Attention! I desire to pro- 
cure the address 07 every one interested in Or- 
nithology and Oology in Nebraska and there- 
fore request all interested to send me their ad- 
dress, ISADOR S. TROSTLER, 4246 Farnam 
St., Omaha, Neb. 


[=~On the wrapper of next months (Feb.) OdLogIsT you will find some figures 
following your name. _ If ‘98,” it will signify that your subscription expired with 
December, 1893. If ‘110,” that your subscription has been paid through 1894. 
‘Other figures will be explained next month. 


vo 


EXCHANGE.—New Wilson’s Ornithology 
cost $7.50. eggs, Sets, Singles, new 38 revolver 
for strapped climbers, singles, ornithological 
books. B. H. SWALES, 1220 Woodward, Ave., 
Detroit, Mich. 


WANTED.—Latest edition of Coues’ Key, 32 
or 38 cal. Marlin Repeater, 38 cal. Colt’s revol- 
ver or any thing I can use. ave to exchange 
American Bulldog revolvers, 32 and 38 cal., 
belts, ete., ete. Nocards wanted. All letters 
answered. HORACE H. FELL, 3658 Dearborn 
St., Chicago, 11. 


EGG COLUECTORS.--Something new for 
you. The ‘Eureka’ collecting ladder, 30 feet 
long, rope sides, oak rounds, steel grab. hook. 
Can be attached to limb from ground and de- 
tached after descent. The best climber extant, 
strong,light. durable, price $2.50. WM. WAKE, 
Naturalist, Knoxville, Tenn. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Mounted birds. deer ant- 
lers mounted on skull and skins for skins.skins 
of Scarlet Tanager and Cardinal Grosbeak es- 
pecially desired. 
dress, D. J. BULLOCK, Marshaltown, Iowa. 


FIRST-CLASS sets and singles to exchange 
for same A. O. U. No. 488 1-5, 755 1-4, 40 1-3, 
506 1-2, 498 1-2. 106 1-1, 412 1-5. 581d 1-2. 704 1-4. 477 
1-4, 444 1-3, 761 1-3. 725 1-4, 721 1-6, BH. S. 1-5. 766 1-3, 
456 1-5. 560 1-4. 705 1-3, 624 1-2; singles 560, 604. 624, 
511, 211. 212, 622a,. 721, 766. 378, 200, 70, 506. CHAS. 
A. ELY, Perrineville. N. J- 


WANTED.—Cancelled Columbian and Con- 
federate postage stamps, Highest cash price 
paid for same. Send list of what you have and 
I will make you an offer by return mail. Ad- 
dress. W. C. PICKENS, Livingston, Ala. 


I WANT sets of 281, 286, 206, 308, 292, 724, and 
can offer 5, 311, 351, 368 428, 549, 550, 684 and 
many more. J. N. CLARK, Saybrook, Conn. 


SINGLE BARREL No. 12 sbot gun with load- 
ing tools. $5 cash. Send stamp. HE. K. SHIP- 
MAN, New Milford, T1l. 


FIRST-CLASS eggs in sets to exchange for 
birds in the meat. MILTON C. HOWE, Mon- 
son, Mass, 


80 Caliber Colt’s Revolver, nickled. Ivory 
handle: cost $10. Will exchange for Collecting 
Pistol, single barrel gun or offers. C. BAR- 
LOW, Santa Clara. Cal. 


SETS. with data, of forty species. indige- 
nous to Kentucky.season of 1893, for exchange. 
Send list and get mine. Address. T. D. WITH- 
ERSPOON, JR., Lock Box 97, Richmond, Ky. 


WANTED.—Set of two eggs of Black Vul- 
ture, first-class with data. Will give $° worth 
of first-class singles for sam>. WILL BINGA- 
MAN, Grundy Centre, Iowa. 


FOR SALE.—A fine set of two Golden Eagle, 
full data, for only $7.50. Many other desirable 
sets cheap, Also 400 first-class bird skins. Send 
for list: L, ZELLNER, 1825O0ak St., Los An- 
geles, Calif. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Two copies of. the Geolo- 
gical Survey of Ohio, for Indian stone imple- 
ments. Also some other useful books for same. 
Z. T. SMITH, Upr. Sandusky, Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE.—B8ull’s eye lantern, 25 
numbers each of Harper’s and Century maga- 
zines for a pair of climbing irons or Indian re- 
lies with data. ARCHIE CROZIER, 810 W. 
Fifth St., Wilmington, Del. 


All letters answered. Ad- ~ 


PHE OOLOGIST. 


TO EXCHANGE.—400 varieties U. S. and 
Foreign stamps in an International album (#1) 
for Coues’ Key or Ridgway’s Manual. GEO.H. 
DAVIS, 129 Washington St., Painesville, Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE for Coues’ Key and 
papers on Oology. A 82cal. self-cocking doub- 
le-action revolver. as good as new, and a few 
sets of eggs. All answered. P. A. MULTER,. 
Ashford, N. Y. 


EXCHANGE.—Northern Illinois eggs for U. 
S. stamps. Send for stamp approval sheets at. 
50 per cent. commission. Reference required. 
I have afew good stamps for sale cheap. _ Cor- 
respondence invited. GHO. B. BRADSHAW, 
De Kalb, Illinois. 


FOR EXCHANGE —A pair of large Elk Ant- 
Jers on Skull in good shane. for Kodak Camera 
in good order and standard make, also eggs to 
exchange for minerals. shells and curios of all 
kinds. ALF. HASTGATRAH, Grand Forks, N. D. 


TO EXCHANGE. —A. O. U. sets with data of 
261 1-2, 305 2-11, 462 1-3. 466a 2-4 1-3, 467 1-4, 510 3-4, 
511b 1-4 1-3, 560 1-3. 596 2-3. 581¢ 3-8. 613 2-4, 616 1-4, 
604 1-2, 652 3-4. 705 1-4, 725 1-2. Also Youth’s Com- 
panion for 1893 and N. Y. Ledger for 1891. for 
Hornaday’s Taxidermy or other sets. All an- 
swered. CARLETON R. BALL, Little Rock, 
Iowa. af 


COLLECTORS.—I have practically a perfect. 
contrivance for climbing trees, which I have 
successfully tested for several seasons. By its. 
use the most difficult tree, regardless of shape, 
size or height, is rendered absolutely safe and 
easy to climb. Those who desire particulars. 
will write me enclosing stamp. M. C. WHITH, 
Mathews, Va. 


TO EXCHANGEH.—First-class singles with 
complete datas. of this locality 50 per cent. dis- 
count. for first-class sets -with datas, climbing 
jrous or collecting tube. CHAS. WISE. York 
Station, Alabama. 


THE OOLOGIST is simply a hustler. I re- 
ceived my December number yesterday and to-- 
day had 6 answers in the forenoon and 4 in the 
afternoon. AndJ say as no doubf hundreds of 
the OoLOGIST’S subscribers do, “Three cheers 
for the OoLoaist.””. HORACE Hh. FELL, Chi- 
cago, Ill. 


TO EXCHANGE.—I have 21 singles of Am. 
Herring Gull. which I will exchange for best. 
offer of sets with data. Ialso have the follow- 
ing Ist class sets with data to exchange: A. O. 
U. No’sdla 10-3 16-2, 106 60-1. 519 1-4 1-5, 591b 1-3. 
1-4. 612 6-3 2-5. 7108-3. Wanted in exchange sets 
with data. ORA WILLIS KNIGHT, 157 Ham- 
mond St., Bangor, Maine. 


“BrRD LIFE IN LABRADOR.”—Sometime ago. 
J published a series of articles in the American 
Field of Chicago. Ill.. entitled ‘Bird Life in. 
Labrador.” I received So many letters unsoli- 
cited, from those who had read and appeared 
pleased with these articles, that I determined 
to put them into a more permanent form. They 
will appear as a pamphlet of about 100 pages. 
To cover the slight expense of publication, I 
shall offer a limited number of them for sale. 
paper cover, post-paid, for $1.00 each. I should 
be pleased to send you a copy upon the above 
terms. Sample page for stamp. Please ad- 
dress, WINFRID A. STEARNS, Atlanta Uni- 
versity. Atlanta. Ga. 2 


FOX SKIN:—If you have an A No. 1, one 
with skull and leg bones, advise us lowest cash 
or exchange price at an early date. F. H. LAT~ 
TIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 3 


SPECIMENS of Georgia Woods, Telea,Prom- 
ethea and Cecropia Coccoons and 15 sets 498 for 
eggs. climbers,back OOLOGISTs or Davie’s Kev. 
Also Shot Gun, Brass Shells. Loading Tools 
and 22 Rifle for Banjo. LEROY KING, 304 
Forest W., Detroit, Mich. 


FIRST-CLASS EGGS in sets to exchange 
forsame. Send list. All answered. G. GOR- 
DON SHANCE, Libertyville. Ils. 


EXCHANGE: Stoddard’s Art Portfolio (256 
pictures) size, 11x18's inches, cost $1.00, of 
scenes around the world, for minerals, first 
class sets. or books on Natural History of any 
kind. CLARENCE NORTON, Three Rivers, 
Mich. 


WANT old Nickels, any date back of 1885, 
will give 10 rare foreign Stamps; back of 1879, 
15; 1860. 25. OTTO GRADY. Ludlow, Ky. 


EXCHANGE: -40 Books. Somevery old and 
rare, novels, Cosmopolitan Magazine, 1891, 1892, 
Shot gun and Rifle combined, and Black Min- 
orca Fowls and Eggs for Books on Ornithology, 
first-class Sets or Mounted Birds. All answer- 
ed. VERDI BURTCH, Branchport. N. Y. 


FOR SALE—Bird Skins from this locality. 
Very cheap. Largeorderstaken. I would also 
exchange some very finespecimens for Coues’ 
Key and Ridgeway’s Manual, and Ridgeway’s 
Nomenclature of Colors. Also other standard 
works on Ornithology. All letters answered. 
NATHAN L. DAVIS, Taxidermist, La Porte, 

exas. 


CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The 
editicn of this magnificient work is exhausted, 
we have only one copy left. Price $15. If you 
want itspeak quick. F. H. LATTIN & CO, Al- 
bion. N. Y. 


I HAVE added Two Hundred dollars ($200) 
worth of specimens to my Collection pee 
the Exchange Columns of the OoLOGIST. J. 
KILVINGTON, Mason City, Ia. 


I FIND that exe. notices in the OOLOGIST pay 
me 100 per cent. better than in other papers. 
EDW. WALL, San Bernardino, Calif. 


“BIRDS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, 
by DeKay.Complete inone thick volume. 4to, 
cloth, 380 pages. text, illustrated with 141 finely 
engraved full page plates, beantifully colored 
by hand, showing 308 figures. This work is 
very scarce. It was published in 1844. as one of 
the vols. of the ‘‘Natural History af New York” 
and is usually sold at from $16 to $25 per copy. 
This Copy needs rebinding and has the common 
names of birds written underneath each figure 
—otherwise clean and in good condition. Our 
price, prepaid, only $12. F.H. LATTIN & CO., 
Albion, N. Y. 


I HAVE eggs of the Caspain Tern and Amer- 
ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins, 
Curios. ete. ED VAN WINKLE, Van,s Har- 
bor, Mich. 


OOBOGISTS WANTED.—We want at once, 
copies of the OOLoGIST as follows: July, Aug- 
nst. 1886: January-February, 1887 or Dec., 1886, 
with the former attached; June, 1888; April, 
1889; March. 1892 and April, 1898. We also de- 
sire ‘copies of our old 1885 ‘‘OOLOGIST’s HAND- 
Book.” For each and every copy of the above 
publications mailed us not later than February 
15, 1894. we will give 15cts worth of anything we 
advertise or offer for sale or will send credit 
check good for the amount. Address at once. 
F.H.LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam 
dia Australia. Africa, ¢tc.. correctly named 
at moderate prices. also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE 


‘Malakka) In- 


Pmdener St.. 4. Berlin. N. W.. Germany « 
SikA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, 
Birds’ Eggs. and Sins, Fossils, 


J Vaturalists’ Supplies. Taxidermy, 
Catalogue. 2c. C.F. CARR, New 
London, Wis. 

PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a 

} speciality. Note and _ letter 
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Haye hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 10) envelopes print- 


ed. dic. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F. 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


mw Can coin big money. 
4 plan. Great craze. Just out. 
“Good side line.” Biggest chance 
3 ever offered agents.salary or Com- 
miission. Be quick. Goods on 
credit. Samples.etc..Free. MUU- 
TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila.,Pa. 


CAN 94 PER 


MAKE DAY 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 
No matter where you reside; every body 
wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp 
and we wiil mail you4 Free Samples and fuil 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG 
CO.. No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 
T have just 
imported 


TAXIDERMISTS) si: 


leaves. I am now having a plate made and a 
list printed. If you think this list would inter- 
est you.I would be happy to mail youone. I’m 
now stocking up with the best material in the 
market and no doubt within a month I will 
have the finest stock of supplies inthe country. 
Tf you are a live taxidermist, send me your ad- 
dress on a postal. JAMES P. BABBITT, 
Taunton, Mass. 


clos The World’s Fair Eggs. 


We have left about one-half the eggs that we 
exhibited—mentioned in this OOLOGIST as ex- 
hibited by ‘“‘F. H. L. & Co.”’—at the World’s 
Fair. Inmostcases these were the only eggs 
of the species ever withinthe bounds of Jack- 
son Park and consequently the only ones at the 
World’s Fair. 

If you can use any of these eggs at not less 
and perhaps at a slight advance over regular 
rates we would be pleased to have your list of 
wants at earliest possible date and we will 
quote you lowest cash price for the ones we 
have left. With each set we will give a written 
guarantee that it was the identicai one we ex- 
hibited at the World’s Fair. 

Address all letters referring to the ‘“‘Exhibit’” 


eggs to ALBION, N. Y 
F. H. LATTIN & CO. 
COINGC TO BUILD? 


Send for illustrated catalogue, containing 26: 
handsome designs. FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S: 
MODERN HOUSES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t 


Bran new 


“4 ‘THE OOLOGIST. 


at are bargains 


We have decided to offer from time to time during 1894 a full page of desirable specimens, sup- 
plies, etc., at prices so low that although we purchased’in immense quantities and at ‘‘snap” 
“prices, our actual profit will be nothing or less than nothing. Future, rather than present,profits 
are what we are after and by giving our subscribers the benefit of this page we believe that we 
will secure through them, from an advertising standpoint results which, to us, will prove by far 
more satisfactory than could possibly be secured in any other manner. 


All Prices on this page are open to 1894 Subscribers of the Oologist 
only. (If notalready a subscriber you must send in your subscription or 
renewal with order.) 


Prices will hold good until February 2O0th.—Nota single day longer and 
‘the articles in this months offer will doubtless never be includedina simi- 
lar one. 


Non-subscribers, and after Feb. 20th, subscribers can purchase these articles at Regular Price 
only. 


Should present supply of this months bargains exhaust before Feb. 20th your money will be 
refunded. 

In order to prevent dealers from ‘‘scooping”’ our stock and thus preventing subscribers, for 
whose benefit this page was planned, securing their wants, we shall be obliged to limit the pur- 
chase of each subscriber to not exceed $10 during the month. 


Everything is sent prepaid unless otherwise noted, 


Reg. Jan, 
Price Sale 
; Price 
DUANDSCII DID RGM EES MBPS) (SKOAUSISKO ES), OlMOh bones) Uhal, (OMAYe So ek et ace dhcnesada Goesdectinsatcos $ 75 $ 28 
GREEN MOSS, imported, large brick bunches............-...........2-.)222205 seeeeecee SNES She eee 20 09 
DAVIVASB Ie AINKGS saw Gemma Loins ier lOO MASS OM tec seeps nese ya ce nee ese pe 25 08 
“BIRDS OF MICHIGAN,” COOK’S, notes on 322 species, 148 pages, illustrated, well 
NiCAOD ELE) AVON DION INS THACIOH AEN R70 RUC ee ee ne ee ee eG eee ec en a ace a 95 42 
MINERAL COLLECTION of 50 different named, 1 in. Specimens, 35 cts. additional if 
STD Ei PO TREO GUL Ch cet ei SA II aa sc CG ke TEE BS 1 25 50 
V-NICKELS without'the word ‘cents’ : 15 08 
NGO) yeas ANON RIBAK HN, SMNVAIMO 24S) 5 coos seco unceesnecosses Geesesusesso queen cecDn Oboes 20 11 
POPULAR STAMP ALBUM, illustrated, holds 1200 stamps EO 06 
ING TAGN: Mi@ © CASS TEN Sees eG OM hs SU ee ee EA Dont UA ALUMS e ER 2 ee ncalalned oeeurer yaa alae 2 00 98 
SETS of 1-1 with data of each the following showy Sea Birds eggs: Sooty Tern, Noddy, 
California Murre and Leaches’ Petrel and an egg of Am. Herring Gull...... -............. BY 70 


SET % Ring-billed Gull and 1-5 Little Blue Heron ............0... .... i222... ccecleveeeeente ceeceeeeceteeees 1 50° 70 
SET 144 CHACHALACA 
EGG OF So. African Ostrich, 35cts. additional if sent prepaid 
MEER OOUOGEISIT 18927268 pases: bound in) cloths. ey ee ae ee 1 00 60 


GLASS EYES. All cut from wires and ready to insert in specimen. In our Januay 
sale we offer only colors and sizes as follows: 
Flints No’s 3, 9, 10, 14, 19, 20, 22. 25 and 26. 
Red No’s 1. 2. 3, 18 and 20. 
Brown, No’s 17, 18 and 22. 
Hazel, No 1. 
Yellow, No’s 1, 2,3, and 9. 
Straw, No. 5. 


The prices of the above eyes, for THIS SALE ONLY, Will be one-half regular ones viz: Sizes 
1 and 2, lc. per pair: 3 and 5, 1%c,; 9 and 10, 3c.; 14, 6c.; 17, 18 and 19, 10c.; 20. 12c.; 22, 14¢.; 25, 18c. 
26, 20c. All prepaid. } 


For anything on this page address us at either 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO, or ALBION, N. ~ 
-Y. Should you include your subscription to the OoLoGIS® with the order the latter address is pre- 
ferable. — 
Faithfully. 
F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


THE OOLOGIST.” 5 


’remiun | ist 


ur ®©ee6e8 806 @ @ © 6 0 1894, 


With this months OoLoaisT, we mail our Premium List for 1894. 

For each and every NEW subscriber you will send us, during 1894, 
you may select anything we describe or advertise upon its pages to 
the amount of 25c. Or, if you will send us an even $1.00 we will 
send you goods described in the Premium List (your selection) to 
the amount of $1.00 and will also mail your Friend the OoLocisr 
one year with the coupons. Neither of these offers can be accepted 
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6 THE OOLOGIST. 


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In the last mentioned view our readers will note the heavy necklace about the 
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THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. 


ALBION, N. 


Y., JAN., 1894. NOw 


Raptores of Michigan. 
(SEVENTH PAPER.) 
By SCOLOPAX. 

ScrREECH OwL; Morrtep OwtL; RED 
(Ow1, Megascops asio. This is one of 
our common owls, and many claim it 
is ouv most abundant representative of 
‘the family. The Red and Mottled Owls 
were at one time considered as distinct 
species; at a later period the red phase 
-was allowed to be the immature plu- 
mage of the gray-coated bird. Itisnow 
generally admitted that the two are of 
-a single species, and the subject of var- 
iations ia color has been thoroughly 
‘studied of late A paperin the Amer- 
ican Naturalist, Vol. XVII, p. 521, 18938, 
gives the results of thorough study and 
much research by E. M. Hasbrouck. 
“This study on the ‘Evolution and Di- 
chromatism of the Genus Megascops’ is 
a very interesting paper, and those in- 
terested in the conditions which bring 
about variations in a species will be 
‘mueh pleased with the publication. 
“There are maps and charts indicating 
the points where the red owls are 
alone found, where the gray owl is 
found and where they merge. 

The Sereech Owl, and he well de- 
serves his name, is very generally dis- 
tributed and everyone who has col- 
lected for any length of time has met 
with it. This bird cau see plainly dur- 
ing the day, or at least well enough to 
readily escape from its pursuers when 
itis abroad. But generally it remains 
near to its home of the year, to which 
it seems much attached, and keeps in 
concealmeut during daylight, issuing at 
night to whine, screech and moan in 
the most remarkable and mysterious 
mauner. This song or series of notes 


, 


is more commonly uttered in the nest- 
ing season, but itis also heard in the 
summer, autumn and even winter, and 
many a camper and inexperienced 
hunter has been badly frightened by 
the sounds. 

A though this Owl is so well known 
the collectors do not appear to have 
had great success with nest hunting. 
Covert says that this Owl nests inWash- 
tenaw county. A. E. Chambers found 
a nest ia Kalamazoo county containing 
five eggs. This was in early May, 1878. 
A shallow eavity held the fresh eggs 
which were within four inches of the 
entrance. The tree was a dead ash 
stub eighteen inches in diameter at the 
base. The cavity was nine feet from 
the ground and was entered by a rude 
hole in the side of the trunk. The nest 
was composed of a very few feathers. 

On two occasions when the spot: was 
visited the old bird seemed loth to 
leave the cavity but when she took 
flight quickly disappeared and did not 
seem at all concerned. The eggs some- 
what resembled those of the Kingfisher. 

My friend Richard Westnedge gives 
me the following notes on nestings tak- 
en near Kalamazoo: 

One nest in a large oak about 25 feet 
up. Entrance to hollow about five 
inches in diameter. Cavity contained 
the remains of a Bluebird and two 
Blackbirds. The five eggs, resting on 
rotten chips at bottom of hollow, were 
incubated 4 week or ten days. The 
date was April 17, 1890. 

On May 18 of the same year he found 
another nest containing six well-grown 
birds. This cavity, evidently an old 
Woodpecker’s nest, was at a height of 
ten feet. There was a Golden-winged 
Woodpecker’s hole six feet above in the 
same stub which held seven eggs. 

On May 7, 1892, he secured three bad- 


8 THE OOLOGISY. 


ly incubated eggs from a cavity twenty 
feet up in a dead black ash. 

Mr. Willhelm found the following 
nests: One on May 15, 1887, contain- 
ing five young, nearly covered with 

‘feathers. In cavity in large oak near 
Kalamazoo, Mich. 

On April 27, 1892, five eggs were 
taken from a cavity in a small dead 
beech. 

A young Screech Owl which he took 
from the nest in the gray pin-feather 
plumage soon took on the red plumage. 
This Owl became quite a pet. Once a 
boy stole it from its cage aud carried ‘it 
fully a hundred rods away. After sev- 
eral days it escaped and at once re- 
turned to its rightful mother. 

GREAT HorNED Owl, Bubo virgin- 
tanus. (Gmel.) Also known as big 
Cat Owl and Hoot Owl. The name Cat 
Owl is also applied to other species and 
is, from the resemblance of the eyes 
and tufts of feathers to the cat’s head. 
Some ignorant country people believe 
that Cat Owls bear their ycung alive, 
and I have been repeatedly informed of 
this remarkable condition by unobsery- 
ant falsifiers. Hoot Owl isa name ap- 
plied to both this species as well as the 
Barred Owl. 

The song, if we may call it so, of the 
Great Horned Owl isa repeated hoot. 
This note is not usually given more 
than four times at a period, and or- 
dinarially only three times, as ‘hoot hoot 
hoot. Often the notes are given but 
twice and at times only a single hoot is 
issued. Though called hoots I prefer 
to pronounce the noise ‘who’, as the 
note certainly has not sound in it. 

The song of this Owl, who who who, 


as it is generally uttered in the silence — 


of the night is entirely different from 
the longer and more varied effort of the 
Barred Owl, though both are sonorous 
and sepulchral in tone. The Great 
Horned generally gives a who then 
skips a beat and then two whos in suc- 
cession and quicker. This description 


may be ofslight advantage to those who 
are not versed in bird notes, but I am 
satisfied that all -Owl observers ean 
eatch my meaning. When four whos 
are given the last two are alone uttered 
quickly, and generally when only two 
notes are given they are issued deliber- 
ately. 

The Barred Owl’s notes are a series 
of whos, generally four or five, with the 
last one long drawn out rising and fall- 
ing and with a gutteral chuckle in it. 
It may be readily recognized from this. 
description. 

The Horned Owl is the most power- 
ful night prowler that we have. It is. 
also cunning, and boid when necessity 
demands. As a resident it defies our 
coldest winter weather, and lays its. 
eggs when most of Michigan’s birds are’ 
still at the south. 

It is said that the Snowy Owls and 
many other species of northern birds. 
are driven south by the cold weather. 
I have never credited the theory of cold 
weather migrations as applied to the 
Snowy Owl, though it may be true. If 
it is so, I can attest to the superior 
ability of the Great Horned to with-_ 
stand severe weather, for one reason 
when the Snowy Owls of the north 
were here in force and were reported 
from all over the country, our Horned 
Owls nested as usual in February. 
That year,I believe it was ’78,eg¢s were 
taken on the eighteenth of February, 
and after this date the mercury went 
below zero several times. I have not a 
doubt but that young Horned Owls 
were hatched long before the Snowies 
thought of returning to their northern 
homes. 

The earliest that Horned Owl’s eggs 
have been taken hereabouts is Febru- 
ary twelfth, while the birds nearly all 
lay their eggs before March tenth. In 
fact it is an unusual occurence to se- 
cure fresh eggs after early March. 

Way back in the centennial year the 
collectors of this city began collecting 


THE OOLOGIST. 9 


Owls’ eggs. There were seven or eight 
eollectors in our place at that time, 
and two, B F. Sykes and Dennis Nolan, 
» soon developed into excellent climbers 
with the irons. Together with the aid 
of F. H. Chapin they gathered twelve 
to fifteen complete sets of eggs within a 


few years and found many nests of 
young. 

Then came other collectors; a new 
generation as we may say. For the last 
few years Dick and Joe Westnedge, 
George Judson and Kib. Willhelm have 


attended to the collecting of the Owls’ 


and early Hawks’ nests. There are 
other collectors who have dipped into 
this dangerous and difficult class of 
collecting, but they quickly dropped it 
after one season’s work. The pe- 
cuniary remuneration is in no wise suf- 
ficient to tempt one to follow the busi- 
ness, and if one is not thoroughly in 
earnest as a, collector he soon gives it 
up. 

It would be difficult to hunt up the data 
of all the sets of Hoots taken in this(Kal- 
amazoo) county, but a few of the more 
recent records are presented. The sites 
for the eggs must be located in January 
or early February and the birds watch- 
ed. It was acommon thing for Sykes 
to go collecting for Hoots’ eggs when 
the snow was a foot or more deep in 
the. woods and he has told me that he 
has found three or four inches of snow 
accumulated on the edges of those 
nests built in exposed situations. 

Mr. Westnedge hands me the follow- 
ing notes on the nesting of this species, 
and in addition to these notes he has 
found nine instances where the young 
had already hatched. 

In 1891 he secured a single set of 
three fresh eggs from a hollow in a 
large red oak in dense woods. ‘The 
hollow was thirty feet from the ground 
and the date was Feb. 28th. 

In 1892 he secured two sets of three 
on Feb. 20th. One set, fresh, was in a 
hollow maple about 25 feet up and at 


the edge of the timber. The other set, 
advaneed in incubation, was in an old 
Crow’s nest 85 feet up and in open 
woods. This nest had no lining. 

In 1893 he found four nests with eggs. 
On Feb. 20th a set of two incubated 
eces in a cavity 50 feet from the ground 
in a large elm in heavy timber. 

March 11th a set of two fresh eggs in 
old nest 60 feet from the ground ina 
beech in heavy timber. This nest was 
lined with leaves and a lot of feathers. 

March 22nd, a nest in oak 30 feet up 
in dense forest. Held a single egg. 

March 30th. <A set of three about 
ready to hatch. Eggs in an old Hawk’s 
nest about 50 feet up. Nest well lined. 

Mr. Sykes informs me that he has 
taken five complete sets of eggs, with 
only two in each nest. Of these nests 
three were in hollows and two were the 
old nests of Buzzard Hawks. He also. 
found several nests of young. He says. 
the eggs are about as often laid in cav- 
ities as in nests of Crows and Hawks. 

K. R. Willbelm who has taken a nnm- 
ber of sets of eggs of two and three, 
has only found a few nests of the Great 
Horned Owl in hollows. 

These notes of capture are very in- 
teresting to collectors. It will be seen 
that Mr. Willhelm found young birds in 
his first six nests and his work went 
for naught from 1886 to 1889 in this 
line. But although he was so unlucky 
in April and May of these years he was 
so fortunate as to take sixteen eggs in 
February and March, 1890 to 792 in- 
clusive. This clearly shows that Feb- 
ruary is the month for Horned Owls” 
nests. Mr. Westnedge was very suc- 
cessful in securing nine eggs from his 
first three sets. 

The note of young birds found on Feb. 
23d is aremarkable one. Reasoning 
that this owl sets three weeks it neces- 
sarilly follows that the first egg in this 
nest was laid on the twentieth of Janu- 
ary or a little later. 

Mr. Willhelm’s notes on the Great 


10 THE OOLOGISTY. 


Horned Owls’ nests in Kalamazoo coun- 
ty, unless stated otherwise: 

April 27, 1886. Nest in large ash 
about 60 feet up, containing two young 
birds nearly ready to leave. Parts of 
moles and feathers of partridge in nest. 

Apr. 9, ’88. Nest in large oak near 
lake. Three young birds about two 
weeks old. 

Apr. 24,’88. Nest in cavity of large 
elm at Parkville, St. Joseph Co. Two 
young birds in down. Chicken feathers 
numerous in cavity. 

Apr. 2, §9. Large nest in top of oak. 
Two young birds. Remains of two 
Robins and one rabbit. Nest nicely 
lined with leaves and Owl’s feathers. 

Apr. 4, °8). Nest im large ash in 
swamp. Two birds nearly ready to 
leave nest. 

May 5, 89. Nest in large oak. Woods 
near brook, Two young birds sitting 
on edge of nest. 

Feb. 25, 189). Nest of 
and dead leaves, in large 
deep woods. Two eggs, 
incubation. 

Feb. 26, 9). Large nest in top of 
ouk. Nicely lined with owl’s feathers. 
Three eggs; fresh. 

March 1, 790, Nestin large oak, in 
“woods. Two eggs; nearly fresh. 

Feb. 23, 91. Nest in oak; nearly hid- 
-den from view. 


Two eggs; incubation 
advanced. 

Feb. 23, 91. Two egos; nearly fresh. 
Large syeamoreinu woods. Nicely lined 
‘with corn husks and owl’s feathers. 

Feb. 23, °91, Two young birds in 
down: cavity of oak. .Nest a rather, 
deep cavity in decayed wood; dead 
leaves and owl’s feathers. 

Feb. 28, 1892. Two eggs, from nest 
in large elm. Advanced.in incubation. 
Nest nicely lined with moss and feath- 
ers. 

Feb. 26, 1892. Three eggs, fresh. 
Nest in cavity of dead beech. Martin, 
Allegan Co., Partridge feathers and re- 
mains ot rabbit in cavity. 


a few sticks 
bass-wood in 
advanced in 


Ihave read two or three times that 
the Owls and Red-tailed Hawks often 
occupied the sam2 nest in turn each 
season. This is nonsense; for if the’ 
Owl’s eggs were laid Feb.20th the young 
would not leave the nest beforeMay Ist, 
ifas soon as that. This would hardly 
meet the requirements of the Hawk. 

The Horned Owl is an excellent pro- 
vider for his young and the variety of 
game and poultry which is brought in 
shows this marauder to be a pest in the 
neighborhood. 

My friend Willhelm had two Horned 
Owls which he took alive from the nest 
when they were half size and in the 
half downy plumage. He kept them 
from year to year in a pen in the yard. 
They never seemed to suffer from the 
cold and generally seemed contented. 
In the early spring months they were 
slightly restless, but refused to con- 
struct a nest and lay, although material 
for a nest was given them. Meat and 
fish was their entire food'and the num- 
ber of bodies of skinned birds which 
they have devoured is past belief. 

These Owls, raised from the nest in 
confinement, never had a chance to 
search for food, or to roam at liberty, 
and yet, although they were gentle and 
enjoyed being stroked, and emited glad 
eries at the sight of their master, still 
they poossessed the traits of ferocity 
and only waited an opportunity to 
show their true disposititons. 

The chance came one night when es- 
cape was possible. Instead of flying to 
the woods they immediately entered a 
neighbors hen roost less than sixty rods 
distant where they mangled and killed 
twelve to fifteen chickens, one being a 
game cock, in a short time. 

On hearing the uproar the owner of 
the hen house appeared and slew the 
male and closed the door on the fe- 
male*. And now this savage bird is . 


* Mr. Wilhelm says he is not sure that the 
birds were male and female and is inclined to 
think that they were both males, founding his 
pene on the fact that both birds hooted at 

imes. 


THE OOLOGIST. 11 


again behind the bars, literally in soli- 
tary confinement for her evil deeds. 
She seems discontented since the loss of 
her smaller mate, and sympathy may 
be expressed for the lonely Owl. How- 
ever it is a question if the city raised 
Owl could get her living in the wild 
woods after three years of inactivity 
and never having received a parent’s 
instruction in the art of hunting. It 
is barely possible, after the exhibition 
recorded above, that this Owl might 
learn in a short time. Therefore, as the 
owner does not want to pay for neigh- 
borhood poultry, and dislikes to kill 
the old pet, it remains necessary to 
keep Bzbo in the solitary. 
ee 


A Collecting Trip in Florida. 


Leon Co., Fla. is thickly dotted with 
Jakes and swamps. In about the cen- 
ter of the county, not far from Talla- 

-hassee, is a large cypress swamp nearly 
surrounded by lakes. This is indeeda 
collector’s paradise! 

It was to this place that my father, 
brother and I went, one beautful morn- 
ing early in June, to collect eggs and 
skins of of the Little Blue Heron, which 
we heard were to be taken in abund- 
ance. We carried a No. ten duck gun 
and a large market basket, in which to 
bring home the spoils. 

Before reaching the swamp we were 
obliged to pass over a narrow piece of 
of land between two of the lakes and 
here in the bushes growing in the edges 
of the lakes we took three nests of the 
Red-winged Blackbird. These nests 
were composed of straw and wet marsh 
grass, which afterwards dries, holding 
the parts firmly together. A set of 
three eggs in my collection averages 
.95x.72 inches and are greenish white 
marked mostly on the larger end with 
stragg)ing splashes and scrolls of black. 

In a stunted cypress growing near 
the bank, we found au incomplete set 
of three eggs of the Orchard Oriole. 


Fla. Bob-white. 


The nest was composed of grass and a 
few small pieces of cotton. The grass 
of which the nest was woven seems to 
have been procured while young and, 
although it is now three years old, still 
retains its green color. The eggs were 
greenish and marked yery much like 
these of the Red-wings, averaging 
.7Ox.54, 

A Loggerhead Shrikes nest was found 
which contained five eggs. 

Proceeding on our way we found 
eggs of the Kingbird. Mockingbird and 
As we drew nearer to 
the swamp several species of Heron 
arose and directed their course toward 
its centre. 

We arrived at the edge of the water 
which stood about waist deep among 
the cypresses in the swamp, and pre- 
pared to wade in. Everything was 
deathly still excepting the dog-like 
barki:g of the Herons and the hoarse 
croaking of the frogs. We had not ad- 
vaneed far until we came upon two 
nests of the Green Heron, one with 
four, the other with three beautiful 
green eggs. Still guided by the cries 
of the birds we waded through the mud 
and water,until ina short time we were 
in the midst of a colony of ‘‘cranes.” 
By this intrusion we disturbed hun- 
dreds of birds, which rose a short dis- 
tance in the air, flew in wider and wid- 
er circles, and then moved a short dis- 
tance from the spot. Then we looked 
around us. The water was covered 
with water lilies and their foliage, or 
‘‘bonnets” as they are called in Florida, 
while the trees above us, very thick, 
cont.ined three or four nests each, 
were heavily draped with Spanish 
Moss, which made it rather gloomy be- 
neath. The nests were chiefly those of 
the Little Blue Heron, Black-crowned 
Night Heron and Anhinga, while on 
the outskirts of the Colony were nests 
of the Green Heron and Grackle. 

The nests of the Little Blue, as well 
as those of the Green Heron. were light 


12 THE OOLOGIST. 


structures, composed of dry sticks 
placed so loosely as to admit light 
through them; in fact we rarely climbed 
to a nest without first having seen eggs 
in it from below. The aduit bird is of 
a dark blue color. They do not attain 
this plumage until the third year, being 
pure white when young. We saw 
many birds half blue and half white 
most probably about two years old, 
which we then mistook for hybrids of 
the Little Blue and Snowy species. 

The eggs are uniformly light blue, 
about 1.70x1.80. 

We found thirteen nests of the An- 
hinga. I believe these birds are not in 
the habit of building a new nest each 
year, but simply adding to the old 
one, so that in the course of two or 
three seasons the nest becomes a very 
dirty, as well asa bulky affair. The 
- eges are a dirty chalky color, which 
when scraped off, discloses a beautiful 
blue, they are usually four, rarely 
five in number. On account of the 
shyness of these birds we were unable 
toshoot any. 

Hearing a whirr of wings we looked 
up and saw a ficck of birds flying, like 
geese, ina V. We fired into the drove 
and brought down three fine ones, 
which proved to be White Ibises, two 
males anda female. As far as I was 
able to learn these birds did not breed 
in that section. 

We had now a good load: upwards 
of one hundred eggs,a number of birds, 
and seven young live Herons—little 
beauties. It was getting very daak 
underneath the thick foliage overhead, 


so we started home where we reached 
about 9 p. m. tired and dirty. 

The young Herons remained with us 
about a week, feeding with the chick- 
ens, then wandered off and we never 
saw them afterwards. 

W.H. DEADRICK, 
Clarksville, Tenn: 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


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@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER, 
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ee 


“‘Birds of Western New York.’’ 


Mr. Ernest H. Short of Chili, 
writes us as follows: 

I have received a number of inquiries 
as to where, and at what price my re- 
cently published list of the Birds of 
Western New York could be procured; 
I hereby announce that upon receipt of 
10 cents in stamps I will mala copyto 
any address. 


ING Ys 


' mon 


THE OOLOGIST. 13 


Western Warbling Vireo. 
This active little bird is quite com- 
in Benton County, Oregon. I 
think this is the same as the eastern 
Warbling Vireo, only it has not paid so 
much attention to dress since it came 
west and its coat has turned paler, but 
I do not think that is any reason why 
ornithologists should sayit is not like 
its brothers and sisters in the east. To 
me it is one of the most interesting spe- 
cies. Itis agreat pleasure to sit on 
the mossy bank of a stream in a maple 
wood under the wide spreading branches 
of a tree, with the June sun making lit- 
tle spots of gold where it breaks through 
the branches and nothing breaks the 
silence but the songs of the birds min- 
gled with the rippling of the water as 
it dances over a fallen limb or stone. 
As one looks up through the bright 
green foliage, he sees something to 
complete his enjoyment. It is a Warb- 
ling Vireo, flitting through the branch- 
es, warbling its exquisite little melody 
as it peeps under the leaves and limbs 
for insects. Ifone will keep his eyes 
on it he will presently see it with some- 
thing in its bill. It will flit from limb 


* to limb till it comes to its nest and then 


it will quickly deposit the material that 
it has gathered. ‘Then it flits away 
again in the same fashion. If you fail 
to locate the nest and do not see what 
it did with the material watch it again. 
It will soon bring more material for its 
nest and you will be more apt to find 
the nest than you were the first time, 
for you will know about where it is. If 
you watch it closely the first time, you 
will rarely have to watch it the second. 
Most birds are very shy when they are 
building, and when one does see them 
with material for their nests, they fly 
so far that one cannot keep track of 
them. 

This Vireo is not at all shy and will 
come quite close without seeming to 
notice one, but when it is disturbed it 


will set up a ch-ee and it will some times 
follow one repeating ch-ee over and 
over. I once watched a Vireo go to its 
nest, or rather what looked like a fork- 
ed limb with a spider’s web on it. At 
first I thought the bird had gone there 
to get some of the web for her nest, but 
she worked at it a moment and flew 
away withoutit. In alittle while she 
returned with something in her bill and 
left it there. I concluded that I would 
visit that spider’s web again, which I 
did in twelve days, but instead of a 
spider’s web there was a nice nest 
which contained three slightly incubat- 
edeggs. I have found a good many 
nests of this species and all of them 
but two were found by watching the 
birds go to them. I have found three 
nests, in maple shade trees in town. 
One of them was about ten feet from 
the ground and was directly over a 
public side-walk where people fre- 
quently passed. I have also found 
them in the deep forest far from the 
habitation of man. 

] think the best time to look for eggs 
is the middle of June or a little earlier. 
The nest is made of cow hair, bits of 
paper, strips of grass, bits of yellow- 
jackets nests and any soft cottony sub- 
stance that the bird can get. It is lin- 
ed with fine round grass and is nearly 
always placed on the lower limb of a 
maple,from slx to twenty-five feet from 
the ground. It is hung to a fork about 
the size of those used by boys for sling- 
shots. The eggs are pure white. spar- 
ingly spotted around the larger 
end with several shades of brown 
varying from dark to _ reddish- 
brown. Spots are sometimes scattered 
over the entire surface becoming thiner 
and smaller as they near the smaller 
end. The number of eggs in a set is 
usually four. I have only found one 
set of three and none of five. A set 
measures .74x 54, .74x.58, .75x.56, .73x. 
53. WADE H. PIpsEs, 

Sunny View, Oregon. 


14 THE OOLOGiST. 


Prize Contests. 

The ‘‘best article” and ‘‘Judges” con- 
tests which have proven so popular 
during the past two years will be con- 
tinued through 1894. The scheme will, 
however, be changed and the winners 
can have CASH, SUPPLIES or SPECIMENS 
as they may prefer in place of a ‘set’ list 
of prizes as heretofore. 

Full particulars next month. 
in your mss. (not to lengthy) and votes 
early and monthly. ‘The effort will 
amply repay you and if you stick to it 
you will surely secure vaiuable prizes 
which you may consider a more accep- 
table form of remuneration. 

Publishers of THE O6LOGIST. 


A Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the A. A. 

The December election of officers re- 
sulted as follows: President, Willard N. 
Clute, Binghamton, N. Y.; vice pres., 
Reuben M. Strong, Oberlin, O.; sec., 
William B. Caulk, Terre Haute, Ind.,; 
treas., Lynds Jones, Oberlin, O. 

The Chapter is in a very flourishing 
condition with seventy-three active, 
four honorery and thirty-one associate 
members. The members have devoted 
the past year to a special study of the 
Warblers, and the forthcoming report 
promises to make a very interesting 
paper. Any information regarding the 
Chapter will be cheerfully furnished by 
the secretary. 


+ <> 


A new would be patron desires a 
“cattlelougue and sample copy of the 
OLEGOUSE.” 


—__—__—§_-e 2) eo _—_§_..___ 


I have taken the OGLOGIST ever since 
it was born and could not get along 
without it. Yours truly, 

VERDI BURTCH, Branchport, N. Y. 


‘Summer Birds of Greene County, Penna.” 


At our request Mr. J. Warren Jacobs 
of Waynesburg, Pa. informs us that. he 
can spare a few copies of this valuable 
booklet at 80 cents per copy. 


Send - 


THE OOLOGIST’S EXHIBIT OF BIRDS EGGS. 
AT THE WORLD’S COLUMBIAN 
EXPOSITION. 


The Exhibitors and the Sets They Exhibited. 


No.1 F.H. Andrus, Elkton, Ore. 
Sets No. 282, 450, 469, 516, 574. 

Rollo Beek, Berryessa, Calif. 
361, 367, 5381. 

W.E. Bradford, Mayfield, Ky. 
338, 472, 541, 663, 584. 

H. Gordon Ball, Niagara, Ont. 
586. 

Vion di Burtch, Branchport, N. Y. 


5) 
6 E. 5 Botsford, Medina N. NG 
294, 507. 
eal a Crague, Minnewaukan. N. D. 


8 on “Campbell, Milburn, N. J. 
238, 471. 

9 C.H. Evans, 
318. 

10 J. L. Davison, Lockport, N. Y. 
544, . 

11 J.P. Feagler, Waterloo, Ind. 
284. 

12 H.G. Hoskin, Beloit, Colo. 
358, 487. 

13 Ellis F. Hadly, Dayton, Ore. 
212, 311, 312, 426, 448, 466, 619. 

14 W. CG’ Johnson, Center Rutland, Vt. 
403, 489, 468, 502. 

15 <A. EK. Kibbe, Mayville, N. Y. 
536, 540. 

16 Chas. R. Keyes, Mt. Vernon, Ia. 
146, 239, 250, 478. 

17. John Larsen, Chicago, Ill. 


(a) 


em oO 


Townshend, Vt. 


135, 5938. 

18 FE. Theo. Miller, Lancaster, C.H.Va- 
261, 278. 

19 R.B. McLaughlin, Statesville, N. C. 
512. 


20 W.H. Olney, Poland, O. 
167, 174, 197, 238, 298, 663, 899. 
21 Aj Eeeope: McMinnville, Ore. 
192, 198, 369, 455, 666, 475, 519, 


595. 
22 Wm. E. Pierce, St. Johnsbury, Vt. 
358. 
23 Frank H. Shoemaker, Hampton Ia. 
205. 


24 J. M. Swain, E. Wilton, Me. 
168, 240, 506, 527, 529, 582, ete 

25 A. L. Stevens, Northampton, Mass. 
134. 

26 Percy A. Smith, Lyndonville. N. ve 
BS 

27 W. A. Strong, Tulare, Calif. 

. 407, 508. 

298 Ed.Van Winkle, Van’sHarbor, Mich. 

41-45, 51, 82. 


THE OOLOGIST. 15 


H. W. Tsaacs, 


Fred Jones, Martin’s -Ferry, O. 

9, 53, 126, 133, 150, 151, 
289, 323, 437, 456, 554, 591. 

P. B. Peabody, Owatonna, Minn. 

136, 249, 344, 345, 486, 514, 606. 


W.S. Ferguson, Walla Walla, Wash. 


359. 
B.S. Bowdish, Phelps N. Y. 
161, 341, 417, 419, 496, 510. 


Clarence Trenholtz, Petaluma,Calif. 


16. 194, 340, 371. 
W. I. Comstoek, Norwalk, Conn. 
258, 331, 467, 489, 549, 551- 
F. M. Richards, Farmington, 
434, 528, 533, 588. 

E. E. Johnson, Lewiston, Me. 
329, 458, 543. 

F. H. Nutter,Minneapolis, Minn. 
165, 276. 

W. A. Davidson, Detroit, Mich. 
286. 


Me. 


T.G Pearson, Guilford College,N.C. 
7, 420, 509, 


49, 122. 145, 283, 320, 37 
590, 555. 
A. R. Ogden, Brocton, N. Y. 
128. 


H.H. & C.S Brimley, Raleigh,N.C. 


158, 461, 462, 535, 538, 552, 569. 


Jas. A. Lyon,Jr. Clarksville, Tenn. 


229, 232! 
H. B. Stabler, Sandy Spring, Md. 


235 
ye, Oe alae, Galesburg, Ill. 
347, 427 
diy Jel Paneilie Kensington, 
19. 


B. O. Longyear, Mason, Mich. 
348, 400, 526, 545. 

RP: ’Gillespie, Starkville, Miss. 
248, 482. 

J. E. Houseman, Aylmer, 
243, 247, 618. 

Harvey Hall, Riverside, Calif. 
307, 550, 596. 


Md. 


Ont. 


F. A. Schneider,College Park, Calif. 
108, 109, 


12, 15, 18, 20-80, 39, 95, 
110, 568. 
T. A. Smithwick, Walke, N. C. 


508, 513, 520, 524. 534, 482,594,607. 


J.S.& A. Pyfer, Odell, Neb. 
170, 188, 287, 497. 

W. C. Pelton, Dickinson, S. D. 
266, 564. 

Ralph Arnold, Pasadena, Calif. 
257, 457, 492, d7A. 

StephenRozycki, Washington, D. C. 
1838, 324, 848, 474. 

Chas. EK. Husk, Shabbona, Ill. 
362, 415. 

B. G. Boyd, Mayfield, Ky. 
330, 539, 548, 583. 

L. W. Nichols, Somonauk, Ill. 


Niagara Falls, N. Y. 
83, 103, 163, 258, 315, 376, 491, 525. 


GZ 2M, 


5, 142, 158, 159, 182, 228, 
275, 295, 296, 338, 363, 406, 
429, 480, 432, 441, 444, 664, 
452, 470, 515, 562, 566, 571, 
60 V. F. L. Mueller, Milwaukee, Wis. 
107, 18%, 144, 342 431, 488, 440, 
443, 597. 
61 W.S. Cobleigh, Canton, Il. 
160, 297, 354. 
62 Frank B. Eastman, Easton, Md. 
272, 292, 378. 
63 W.J.B.Williams,Holland Pat’t N.Y. 
306. 
64 F. V. Phinney, Ft. Scott, Kan. 
193. 
65 R.A. Campbell, Hanover, N. H. 
Gaz) Ole -2olhy SiO) GolevGar 3465 
Oil, 2a), Del, 
66 D.S. Musser, Anderson, Ind. 
13, 14, 19. 34. 36, 38, 56, 80,84, 106, 
LO 4S 2 072 
67 D.C. Bigford, Chicago, Il. 
Boils GI 
68 D. pee ar, 


244, 252, 


Fulton, Wis. 
69 rs S. Griffing Cutchogue, N.Y. 
465. 
70 Chester Irvine, Georgetown, Tex. 
267. 
71 W.H. Osgood, San Jose, Calif. 
259, 360, 560, 599, 608. 609. 
72 Horace A. Gaylord, Pasadena, Calif. 
274, 332, 662, 652, 655, 656, 504,565, 
6038. 
73 H.R. Painton, College Park, Calif. 
589, 592. 
74 -C. A. Proctor, Hanover, N. H. 
119, 195, 668, 368, 370, 572, 438,567. 
75 H. D. Watts. Compton,Calif. 
365, 478, 542.561, 572. 
76 W.H. Parker, Salt LakeCity, Utah. 


661. 
77 Ernest H. Short, Chili, N. Y. 
546. 


The Exhibit. 

Sets No. 1-2 St. Domingo Grebe. 1-5 
1-5. Exhibited by F. H. L. & Co. 

3 Pied-billed Grebe, 1-7, No. 5. 

4 Horned Grebe, 1-7. No. 68. 

5-6 Loon. 1-2. No. 59; 1-2, No. 65. 

7-8 Black-throated Loon. 1-2, 1-2. F. 
Jabs Ws Ga Cos 


9 Red-throated Loon. 1-2, No. 80. 

10-11 Large-billed Pafin, oaks Balths, la be 
L. & Co. 

12-138 Tufted Puffin, 1-4, No. 51; 1-1, 
No. 66. 


14 Puffin, 1-1, No. 66. 
15-16 Cassin’s Auklet, 1-1, 
No. 34. 
17 Black Guillemot, 1-1, F. H. L.& Co. 
18-19 Pigeon Guillemot, 1-2, No. 51; 
1-2, No. 66. 
20- ai California Murre, 11-1, No. 51. 


M@. Gile alert: 


16 THE COLOGIST. 


31 Great Auk (Cast), 1-1, F. H. L.&Co. 

32 Parasitic Jaeger, 1-2, No. 65 

83 Long-tailed Jaeger, 1-2,F.H.L &Co. 

34 Kittiwake, 1-8, No. 66. 

35 Glaucous Gull, 1-3, F. H. lL. & Co. 

36 Great Black-backed Gull, 1-3,No.66. 

37 Iceland Gull, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

38-39 Western Gull, 1-2, No. 66; 1-3 
No. 51. 

40 Herring Gull, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

41-45 American Herring Gull 5-3,No.28 

46 Ring-billed Gull, 1-3, No. 7. 

47-48 Mew Gull, 1-2, 1-2, F. H. L.& Co. 

49 Laughing Gull, 1-3, No. 40. 

50 Franklin’s Gull, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

51-52 Caspian Tern, 1-3, 1.3, No. 28. 

53 Royal Tern, 1-2, No. 30. 

54-55 Cabot’s Tern, 1-3,1-3,F.H.L.&Co. 

56 Forster’s Tern, 1-3, No. 66. 

57 Common Tern, 1-3, F.H. L. & Co. 

58-59 Arctic Tern, 2-3, F.H.L. & Co. 

60 Roseate Tern, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

61 Least Tern, 1-38, No. 65. 

62-67 Sooty Tern, 6-1, F. H. L. & Co. 

68-73 Bridled Tern, 6-1, F. H. L. & Co. 

74-79 Noddy Tern, 6-1, F. H. L. & Co. 

80 Gull-billed Tern, 1-3, No. 66. 

81 Black Tern, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

82 Yellow-nosed Albatross, 1-1, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

838 Wandering Albatross, 1-1, No. 29. 

84 Black Skimmer, 1-4, No. 66. 

85-86 Fulmar, 2-1, F. H. L. & Co. 

87-88 Manx Shearwater, 2-1, F. H. L. 
& Co. ; 

89-90 Audubon’s Shearwater, 2-1, F. 
H. L. & Co. 

91 Stormy Petrel, 1-1, F.H. L. & Co. 

92-94 Leach’s Petrel, 3-1, F. H. L.&Co. 

95 Ashy Petrel, 1-1, No. 51. 

96-98 Gannet, 3-1, F. H. L. & Co. 

99-102 Booby, 4-1, F. H. L& Co. 

103-105 Yellow-billed Tropic Bird, 1-1, 
No. 29; 2-1, F. H. L. & Co. 

106 Double-crested Cormorant, 
No. 66. 

107-108 Farralone Cormorant, 1-4, No. 
60; 1-5, No. 51. 

109 Brandt’s Cormorant, 1-4, No. 51. 

110 Baird’s Cormorant 1-5, No. 51, 1-2, 
No. 66. 

111 Cormorant, 1-2. No. 66. 

112-118 American White Pelican, 1-2, 
1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

114 Brown Pelican, 1-3, No. 66. 

115-116 Man-o’-War Bird, 2-1, F. H. L. 

ee aan dt eee L &Co. 

v Co. 

117 Shoveler, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co. 

118 Widgeon, 1-7, F. H. L. & Co. 

119 Canvas-back, 1-9, No. 74. 

120 Gadwall, 1-7, F. H. L. & Co. 

121 Barrow’s Golden-eye, 1-7, F. H. L. 
& Co. 


1-3, 


122 Wood Duck, 1-138, No. 40. 

123 Northern Eider, 1-5, F. H. L. &Co. 

124 Kuropean Teal, 1-7, F. H. L. &Co. 

125 Cinnamon Teal, 1-11. F. H.L.&Co. 

126 Blue-winged Teal, 1-8, No. 30. 

127 Canada Goose, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

128-129 American Flamingo, 1-1, No.41 
ioil, 18, el. 1h, &s Co, 

130-181 Wood Ibis. 2-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

132 White-faced Glossy Ibis, 1-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

133 White Ibis, 1-38, No. 380. 

184 Aerican Bittern, 1-4, No. 25. 

135 Least Bittern, 1-6, No. 17. 

1386-187 Great Blue Heron, 1-5, No. 31; 
1-5, No. 60. 

188 Great White Heron, 1-3, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

139-140 Reddish Egret, 1-2, 1-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

141 European Blue Heron, 1-3, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

142 Snowy Heron, 1-4. No. 59. 

143 American Eeret, 1-3, F. H. L.&Co. 

144 Louisiana Heron, 1-8, No. 60. 

145 Little Blue Heron, 1-5, No. 40. 

146 Green Heron, 1-6, No. 16. 

147-148 Black-crowned Night Heron, 
15 1-5 Hee Co: 

149 Yellow-crowned Night Heron, 1-8, 
F. H. L. & Co. 

150 Limpkin, 1-6, No. 30. 

151 Sandhill Crane, 1-2, No. 30. 

152 Purple Gallinule, 1-4, F. H.L.&Co. 

158-155 Florida Gallinule, 1-8, No. 59; 
1-9, No. 5; 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

156 European Coot, 1-8, F. H. L. &Co. 

157 American Coot, 1-7, F. H. L. & Co. 

158 Black Rail, 1-6, No. 42. 

159-160 Sora Rail, n-6, No. 59; 1-12,No. 
61. 

161 Virginia Rail 1-11, No. 33. 

162 Northern Phalarope, 1-4, No. 380. 

163-164 Red Phalarope, 1-4, No. 29;1-2, 
IBY Ie @5 (OO; 

165 American Woodcock, 1-3, No. 388. 

166 Black-necked Stilt, 1-4. F. H. L. 
& Co. 

661 American Avocet, 1 4, No. 76. 

167 Spotted Sandpiper, 1-4, No. 20. 

168-170 Bartramian Sandpiper, 1-4,No. 
24: 1-4, No. 53; 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

171. European Snipe, 1-4, F. H. L.&Co. 

172 Duolin, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

173 Willet, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

174 Killdeer, 1-4, No. 20, 1-4, F. H. L. 
& Co. ! 

175 American Golden Plover, 1-2, F. 
H.L.&Co. Collected by R.McFarlane. 

176-177 Golden Plover, 1-4, No. 59, 1-4, 
F. H. L. & Co. feel 

178-179 Long-billed Curlew, 2-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 


THE OOLOGIST. 17 


180-181 Lapwing, 2-4, F. H. L. & Co. 


182 Snewy Plover, 1-3, No. 59. 
183 Wilson’s Plover, feat No. 56. 


184 Turnstone 1-4, F.H. L. & Co. 

185 Whimbrel, jie 1, Jel Wh Col Coe 

186 American Avocet, 1-2, F.H.L.&Co. 

187 Oyster-catcher, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

188 Bob-white, 1-20, No. 53. 

189-190 Florida Bob-white, 1-9, 1-14, F. 
lal Ih. & Co. 

191 Texan Bob-white, 1-13, F,H. L. & 
Co. 

192 Sooty Grouse, 1-9, No. 21. 

193-194 California Quail, 1-8, No. 64; 
1-15, No. 34. 

195 Valley Partridge, 1-15, No. 74 

196 Chestnut-bellied Scaled Partridge, 
1-8, F. H. L. & Co. 

197 Ruffed Grouse, 1-8 and 1 hen, No. 
20. This set of eight eggs, contajned 
one egg of the Domestic Hen. The 
nest was found near a farmhouse. 

198 Oregon Ruffed Grouse, 1-13,No.21. 

199-201 Willow Ptarmigan, 2-10, 1-11, 
Reo. & Co; 

202-203 Rock Ptarmigan, 1-5, 1-11, F. 
H. L. & Co. 

204 Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse, 
HESeebeor wits Co}, 

‘205 Prairie Hen, 1-15, No. 238. 

206 Gray Ruffed Grouse, 1-7, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

207 Wild Turkey, 1-4, No. 66. 

208-211 Chachalaca, 4-3, F. H. L. &Co. 

212-214 Red-billed Pigeon, 1-1, No. 13; 
21K. HL & Co. 

215-217 White-crowned Pigeon, 3-2, F. 
He ..& Co. 

218 Passenger Pigeon, 1-1, F.H. L. & 
C 


Oo. 

219-222 White-winged Dove, 4-2, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

223-224 White-fronted Dove, 2-2, F. .H, 
L. & Co. 

225-226 Mourning Dove, 2-2, F. H. L. 
& Co. ? 

aa Mexican Ground Dove, 3-2, F. H. 
. & Co. 

fe Ground Dove, 1-2. No. 59. 

29-231 Black Vulture, 1-2, No. 48; 2-2, 

BSH eG, Co; 

232-235 Turkey Vulture, 1-2, No. 131 2, 
1-2.N0.48:1-2, No. 44, 1-2,F.H.L.& Co. 

236 Mississippi Kite, 1-2, F. H. L.&Co. 

237 Marsh Hawk, 1-5, No. 53. 

238-289 Cooper’s Hawk, 1-4, No. 8; 1-5, 
No. 16. 

240 Sharp-shinned Hawk, 1-8, No. 24 

241-242 WHarris’s Hawk, 1-3, 1-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

243-244 Red-tailed Hawk, 1-4, No. 49: 
1-4, No. 59. 

245-246 Western Red-tail, 2-2, F.H. L. 
& Co. 


© 


247 Red-shouldered Hawk, 1-2, No. 49. 

248 Florida Red-shouldered Hawk, 1-2, 
No. 48. 

249 Krider’s Hawk, 1-2, No. 31. 

250 Swainson’s Hawk, 1-3, No. 16 

251 Zone-tailed Hawk, 1-2, No. 65. 

252-254 Broad-winged Hawk, 1-4, No. 

59; 1-8, No. 35; 1-2, ay 1a abu een Choy. 

255-256 White-tailed Hawk. 2-2 2B eles 
L. & Co. 

669 Rovgh-leg, 1-2, No. 59. 

247 Ferruginous Rough-leg, 1-2, No. 
5a. 

258-259 Golden Eagle, 1-2, No. 29; 1-1, 
No. 71. This wasarunt egg, about 
the size of a Red-shouldered Hawk. 
Heavily blotched Quite spherical. 


260 Gray Sea Eagle, 1-3, F. H. Ll. &Co. 
261 Bald Eagle, 1-2, No. 18. 
262-263 Kestrel, 2- 5, By Hotes Coz 


264 American Sarno Hawk, 1-4, F. 
Jal, Ibe Ws CO. 

265 Desert Sparrow Hawk, 1-5, F. H 
L. & Co. 

266 Prairie Falcon, 1-3, No. 54. - 

267-271 Audubon’s Caracara, 1-2, No. 
70. A very odd marked set. 2-8, 2-4, 
Bye & Cor 
272-273 American Osprey, 1-3, No. 62; 
1-4, No. 18. 
274-275. American Barn Owl, 1-6, No. 
72: 1-4, No. 59. 

276 American Long-eared Owl, 1-6, 
No. 38. 

277 Sereech Owl, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

278 Florida Screech Owl, 1-4, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

662 California Screech Owl, 1-5, No. 72 

979-280 Texan Screech Owl, 2-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

281 Kennicott’s Screech Owl, 1-4, F.H. 
L. & Co. 

282 Barred Ow], 1-2, F. H. L. & Co. 

283 Florida Barred Owl, 1-2, No. 40. 

984-285 Great Horned Owl, 1-8, No.11; 
Nesp ade dae ly w4 (Clo 

286 Saw-whet Owl, 1-5, No. 39. 

287 Burrowing Owl, 1-9, No. 30. 

288 Florida Burrowing Owl, Tee dal: 
L. & Co. 

289-291 Road-runner, 1-7, No. 30; 1-4, 
1-5, EF. H. L. & Co. 

292-293 Belted Kingfisher, 1-6, No. 62: 
1-7, No. 20. 

294-295 Black-billed Cuckoo, 1-4, No. 
6, 1-5, No. 59. 


296-297 Yellow-billed Cuckoo, 1-3, No. 
59: 1-6, No. 61. 

298 Downy Woodpecker, 1-4, No. 20. 

299-300 Baird’s Woodpecker, 2-4, F. H. 


L. & Co. One set contained a runt 


egg. 


18 PHE OOLOGIST. 


301-302 Hairy Woodpecker, 1-8, 1-4, F.- 
H. L. & Co. 

303-304 Golden-fronted Woodpecker, 
2-6, F. H. L. & Co. 


305. Williamson’s Sapsucker, 1-4 F. H. 
L. & Co. 

306 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, 1-5, No. 
63. 

807 Nuttal’s Woodpecker, 1-5, No. 50. 

308 Red-bellied Woodpecker, 1-4, F.H. 
L. & Co. 

309 Pileated Woodpecker, 1-3, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

310 Lewis’s Woodpecker, 1-7, No. 65. 

3811 Red-naped Sapsucker, 1-6. No. 13. 

812 Red-shafted Flicker, 1-7, No. 13. 

318 Flicker, 1-7, No. 26. 

314 White-headed Woodpecker, 1-4, F. 
H. L. & Co. 

315-317 Merrill’s Paraque, 1 
2-2, F. H. L. & Co. 

318-319 Whip-poor-will, 1-2, No. 9; 1-2, 
No. 46 

320. Chuck-will’s-widow, 1-2, No. 40. 

321 Ani, 1-3, F. H. Lb & Co. 

822 Poor-will, 1-1, 1-2, F. H. L. & Co. 

323 Nighthawk, 1-2, No. 30. 

324 Westera Nighthawk, 1-2, No. 56. 

320-327 Texan Nighthawk, 38-2, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

3828 Florida Nighthawk, 1-2 F. H. L. & 


-2, No. 29; 


’ 


Co. 

829 Chimney Swift, n-4, No. 37. 

330-331 Ruby-throated Hummingbird, 
n-2, No. 58; n-2, No. 85. 

332.3834 Anna’s Hummingbird, n-2, No. 
72; n-2, No. 59; n-2, F. H. L. & Co. 

i pone Black-chinn ou _ str onggonsel, 

2, No. 65; n-2, No. 

653. 654 Rufous Wan nen 20-2, F. 
H. L. & Co. 

655, Costa’s Hummingbird, n-2, No. 72. 

656 Buff-belhed Hummingbird, n-2, F. 
H. L. & Co. 

657 Calliope Hummingbird, n-2,No.65. 

658 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, 1- 4, F.H. 
L. & Co. 

659 Kingbird, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

660, 335. Arkansas Kingbird, 2-3, F. H. 
L & Co. 

336-337 Cassin’s Kingbird, 1-4, 1-5, F. 
H. L. & Co. 

338, 663 Crested Flycatcher, 1-5, No. 8, 
1-6, No. 20. 

339 Mexican Crested Elycatcher, 1-5, 
F. H. L. & Co 

340 Ash-throated Blyearcher, 1-5, No. 
34. 

841 Phoebe, 1-5, No. 33. 

342 Say’s Phoebe, 1-6. No. 60. 

343 Black Phoebe, 1-4, No. 56. 

344 Wood Pewee, n-5, No. 81. 


345-346 Western Wood Pewee,F. H. L. 
& Co. n-4, No. 65. n-5. 

347 =Traill’s Flyeatcher, n-4, No. 46. 

348-349 Acadian Flycatcher, 1-8, No. 
47; 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 


300 Western Flycatcher, 1-2, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

351 Little Flycatcher, 1-3, No. 67. 

302 Yellow-bellied Flycatcher, 1-4, F. 
H. L. & Co. 

393 Least Flyeatcher, n-5, No. 22. 


854 Skylark, 1-5, No. a 


' 355-356 Prairie Horned Lark, 1-4, No.. 


7s Wea I Jel by. ws CO.” 

3807 Ruddy Horned Lark, 1-4, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

3858 Desert Horned Lark, 1-8, No. 12. 

359 American Magpie, 1-6, No. 32. 

360-861 Mellows billed Magpie, 1-9, No. 
711-6, No. 2 

3862-364 Blue Jay, n-5, No. 57; 1-5, No. 

> GOs 6, 85 Jel, Ih & Co. 

668 Canada Jay, 1-4, No. 74. 

865 Florida Jay, 1-5, No. 7. 

366 Florida Blue Jay, 1-5, F. H.I. &Co. 

367-868 Blue-fronted Jay, 1-4, No. 2; 
1-4, No 74. 

369 Steller’s Jay, 1-5, No. 21. 

370 Arizona Jay, 1-5, No. 74. 

3871 California Jay, a 5, No. 34. 

372 Woodhonse’s Jay, 1-4, No. 74. 

373-375 Green Jay, 1-4, 1-5, n-4, F. Ho 
L. & Co. 

376 White-necked Raven, 1-6, No. 29. 

3877 878 Fish Crow, 1-5 No 40; 1 -5,No.62.. 

379-382 American Crow, Ae oy Va) Jel. ic 
& Co. 

383 Florida Crow, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

384-389 Cowbird, 6-1, F. H..L. & Co. 

390 Dwarf Cowbird, 1-1, F. H. L.&Co. 


391-396 Bronzed Cowbird, 6-1, F. H. L.. 
& Co. 
397-398 Yellow-headed Blackbird, 2-4, 


iM dels Ibe Gs (COs 

399-400 Bobolink, 1-5, No. 20; n-5, No. 
47. 

401-402 Starliug, 1-4, 1-5, F. H. L.&Co. 


403 Red-winged Blackbird, n-5, No.14.. 

404 Bicolored Blackbird, 1-4, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

405 Tricolored Blackbird, 1-5, F. H. L.. 
& Co. 

406 Meadowlark, 1-5, No. 59. 

407-408 Western Meadowlark, 1-4, No. 
27, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

409-410 Audubon’s Oriole, 1-4, 1-4, F. 
H. L. & Co. Heavily blotched. 

411-418 Hooded Oriole, 2-4, n-5, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

414 Arizona Hooded Oriole, 1-4,No0.59. 

415-416 Orchard Oriole, n-4, No.57;1-5,. 
F. H. L. & Co. 

417. Baltimore Oriole, 1-5, No. 33- 


“THE OOLOGIST. 19 


418 Builock’s Oriole, 1-5, F. H. L.&Co. 

419 Purple Grackle, 1-5, No. 33. 

420 Florida Grackle, 1-4, No. 40. 

421-424 Great-tailed Grackle, 4-4, F.H. 
L. & Co. 

425-426 Brewer’s Blackbird, 
JR, JEL, Tig Cea OES TEGAN, Alb} 

427-428 American Goldfinch, n-6, No. 
45: n-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

429 Arkansas Goldfinch, 1-4, No. 59. 

430 Arizona Goldfinch, 1-6, No. 59. 

431 Lawrence’s Goldtineh, n-5, No. 60. 

432-433 House Finch, 1-5, No. 59; 1-5, 
No. 60. 

434 Pine Siskin, 1-4, No. 36. 

485 Grassbopper Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

436 Thick-billed Sparrow, 1-2; F. H. L. 
& Co. 

437 Chestnut-collared Longspur, 1-4, 
No. 30. 

488 McCown’s Longspur, 1-4, No. 74. 

439 Vesper Sparrow, n-4, No. 14. 

440 Western Vesper Sparrow, 1-4, No. 
60. 

441 Savanna Sparrow, 1-4, No. 59. 

442 Sharp-tailed Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

443 Lark Sparrow, 1-5, No. 60. 

444-445 Western Lark Sparrow, 1-5, 
No. 59;1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 


1-5, 1-4, 


446-447 Chipping Sparrow, n-4, 1-3, F. 
H. L. & Co. 


448-449 Western Chipping Sparrow, 
1-8, No. 13; 1-4, F. H. L. & Ca. 

450, 664 Gambel’s Sparrow, 1-4, No. 1, 
1-4, No. 59. 

451 Bell’s Sparrow, 1-5, No. 59. 

452-453,665 Heermann’s Song Sparrow, 
1-5, No. 59, 2-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

454 Field Sparrow, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

455 Oregon Junco, 1-4, No. 21. 

456 Slate-colored Junco, 1-4, No. 30. 

457 Thurber’s Junco, 1-5, No. 55. 

458 Song Sparrow, 1-5, No. 387. 

459-460 Black-throated Sparrow, 
1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

461-462 Bachman’s Sparrow, 2n-4, No. 
42. 

463-464 Texas Sparrow, 2-4, F. H. L. & 


n-4, 


Co. 

465 Samuel’s Song Sparrow, 1-4,No.69. 

466, 666 Rusty Song Sparrow, 1-3, No. 
21, 1-4, No. 18. 

467 Swamp Sparrow, 1-5, No. 35. 

468 Indigo Bunting, n-4, No. 14. 

469 Lazuli Bunting, n-4, No. 1. 

470 Painted Bunting, 1-4, No. 59. 

_ 471-472 Towhee, 1-5, No. 8; n-5, No. 3. 

473-474 Spurred Towhee, 1-8, No. 75; 
1-3, No. 56. 

475 Oregon Towhee, 1-5, No. 21. , 

476-477 California Towhee, 1-3, 1-4, F. 
H. L. & Co. 


‘478 Rose-breasted Grosbeak, 1-5 and 1 


of 258, No. 16. ry 
480-481 Black-headed Grosbeak, 2-4, F. 
Jab, We C5 CO. 


482 Blue Grosbeak, 1-4, No. 48. 

483 Cardinal, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

484 Texan Cardinal, 1-3, F. H. L. &Co. 

485 Gray-tailed Cardinal, 1-4, F. H. L. 
& Co. 

486 Dickeissel, n-4, No. 31. 

487-488 Lark Bunting, 1-4, No, 12; 1-5, 
Its dels Ib, ea (Coy 

489 Scarlet Tanager, n-4, No. 35. 

490 Summer Tanager, 1-3, F. H. L. & 
Co. 

491-492 Louisiana Tanager, n-4, No.29; 
1-5, No. 55. 

493 Cedar Waxwing, n-4, F. H. L.&Co. 

494-495 Sharpe’s Seed-eater, 2n-3, F.H. 
L. & Co. 

496 Barn Swallow, 1-5, No. 33. 

497-500 Cliff Swallow, 1-5, No. 53; 3-4, 
1 dal, We ws Coy 

501 Tree Swallow, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co. 

502 Bank Swallow, 1-6, No. 14. 

503 Rough-winged Swallow, 1-7,No.52. 

504-505 Phainopepla, 1-3, No. 72; 1-4, 
Oe ale Woe ws Cos 

506 Northern Shrike (?), 1-5, No. 24. 

507 White-rumped Shrike, 1-6, No. 6. 

508 California Shrike, 1-5, No. 27. 

509 Loggerhead Shrike, 1-6, No. 40. 

510-511 Red-eyed Vireo, n-4, No. 33. 
MeBy ta lala Iain (Oxo), 

512-518 Mountain Solitary Vireo, n-4, 
No. 19; 1-2, No. 52. 

514-515 Bell’s Vireo, n-4, No. 31, 1-4, 
No. 59. 

516 Hutton’s Vireo, 1-5, No. 1. 

517 White-eyed Vireo, 1-4, F. H. L. & 
Co. 

518 Warbling Vireo, n-4, F. H. L.&Co. 

519 Cassin’s Vireo, 1-4, No. 21. 

520-521 Yellow-throated Vireo, 1-2,No. 
52; n-3, No. 65. 

522 Prothonotary Warbler, 1-7, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

523 Swainson’s Warbler, n-38, No. 65. 

524 Worm-eating Warbler, 1-5, No. 52. 

525 Blue-winged Warbler, n-5, No. 29. 

526-527 Golden-winged Warbler, 1-3, 
No. 47; 1-8, No. 24. 

528-529 Magnolia Warbler, 1-4, No. 36, 
1-4, No. 24. 

580 Yellow Warbler, n-5, F. H. L.&Co. 

531 Lutescent Warbler, 1-5, No. 2. 

582-583 Nashville Warbler, 1-5, No. 24; 
1-4 and 1 of Cowbird, No. 36. 

584-585 Pine Warbler, 1-4, No. 52; n-3, 
No. 42. 

586 Blackburnian Warbler, 1-4, No. 15. . 

aie Black-throated Green Warbler, 1-5, 

0. 24. 


20 THE OOLOGIST. 


588 Prairie Warbler, n-4, No. 42. 

‘5389 Kentucky Warbler, n-5, No, 58. 

540 Hooded Warbler, n-4, No. 15. 

541 Maryland Yellow- throat, n-4, No.3. 

542 Western Yellow-throat, 1-4, No.75. 

548 Chestnut-sided Warbler,n-4,No.37. 

544 Mourning Warbler, n-3, No. 10. 

545-547 American Redstart, n-4, No.47; 
n-4, No. 77. n4 F HL. & Co. 

548-549 Yellow- breasted Chat, ie 4, No. 
58: 1-4, No. 35. 

550 Long-tailed Chat, 1-4, No. 50. 

551 Oven-bird, 1-5, No. 35. 

552 Louisiana Water-Thrush, n-4, No. 
42. 

5538 Catbird, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

554-555 Mockingbird, 1-4, No. 30; 1-6, 
No. 40. 

556 Brown Thrasher, 1-4, F. H. L.&Co. 

557 Sennett’s Thrasher, 1-4, F. H. L. & 


0. 

558-559 Curve-billed Thrasher, 2-4, F. 
Tale Ibe: a COs 

560-563. California Thrasher, 1-3, No. 
71: 1-4, No. 75; 1-5, No.59,1-3, F, H. L. 
& Co. 

564 Sprague’s Pipit, 1-4, No. 54. 

565-566 Cactus Wren, 1-5, No. 72; 
No. 59. 

567-568 
7A, 

569 Carolina Wren, 1-5, No. 42. 

570 House Wren, 1-6, F. H. L. & Co. 

571 Long-billed Marsh Wren, n-9, No. 
59. 

572 Tule Wren, 1-5, No. 75. 

573 Western Winter Wren, 1-5, No. 55. 

aC op Parkman’s Wren, 1-7, No. 1. 

ESE & Co: 
ae CBewielcs W. ren, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 


1-6, 
Rock Wren, 1-5, No.51,1-4, No. 


577 Florida Wren, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

578 Lomita Wren, 1-4, a 1G IG, «5 CO: 

579-580 Baird's Wren, 2 -5, F.H.L. &Co. 

-581-582 Brown Creeper 1-5, No.380; 1-6 
No. 52. 

583-585 Tufted Titmouse, 1-7, No. 58; 


HSNO S16 Ee Her «Co. 
586 ‘White- breasted Nuthatch, 
No. 4. 


587, 667 Pygmy; ‘Nuthatch, 1-8, No. 65; 
1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

588 Red- breasted Nuthatch, 1-7, No. 86 

589 Siender billed Nuthatch, J a. No.73. 

590 Brown-headed Nuthatch, 1-5,No.40. 

591 Black-erested Titmouse, 1-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 

592 Plain Titmouse, 1-8, No. 73. 

593 Chickadee, 1-7, No. 17. 

594 Carolina Chickadee, 1-5, NOs Oe 

595 Oregon Chickadee, 1-5, No. 2 

596-598 Califor nia Bush- Tit, 1-7, an 50. 
1-3, No. 60; 1-7, F. H. L: & Co. 


1-10, 


599 Wren-Tit, 1-4. No. 71 


600 Verdin, 2-4, F. H. L. & Co. 


601-602 Blue-gray 
1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 
603 Western Gnatecatcher, n-5, No. 72. 
604 Black-tailed Gnateatcher, nep> He 
H. L. & Co. 
605 Golden-crested Kinglet (European) 
n-6, F. H. L. & Co. 
606-607 Wood Thrush, 1-5, No. 31, 1-4, 
No. 52. 
ee 609 Russet-backed Thrush, 1-4, No. 
610- 611 Olive-backed Thrush, 1-4, n-4, 
F.H. L. & Co. 
612 Wilson’s Thrush, 1-4, F. HL & Co. 
613 Hermit Thrush, n-3, F. H. L. &Co. 
614 kRed-spotted Bluethroat, 1-6, F. H. 
L. & Co. 
615 American Robin, 1-4, F. H. L.&Co. 
616-617 Western Robin, 1-4, 1-4, F. H. 
L. & Co. 
618 Bluebird, 1-5, No. 49, This was a 
pure white, ‘‘albino.” set. 
619 Western Bluebird, 1-4, No. 13. 
620 MountainBluebird,1-5, F.H.L.& Co, 


FOREIGN EGGS. 


622 Tree Sparrow, 1-4, F. H. L. & Co. 

628-624 House Sparrow, oS a yo shew 
L. & Co. 

625 Water Ouzel, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 

626 Snowflake, 1-5, F. H. lL. & Co. 

627 Wryneck, es KF. H. L. & Co. 

628 Bed Grouse, 1-10, F. H.L. & Co. 

629 European Quail, 1-10. F. H.L.&Co. 

630 Ring Plover, 1-3, F. H. L. & Co. 

631-632 Capercaillie, 1-5, 1-6, F. H.L.& 
Co. 

633 European Partridge, 1- 14, de Jal, 
L. & Co. 

634 Numidian Crane, 1-1 

635 Cinereous Crane, 1- oF. 

686 Arabian Vulture, 1-1, 

637 Oriental Eagle, 1-2, F. H. 

638 Rough- footed Eagle, 1-2, 
& Co. 

ae tae Imperial Eagle, 1-2, F. H. 

& . 

640 Griffion Vulture, 1-2, F. H.L.&Co. 

641 Whooping Swan, 1- 2, F.H. L. & Co. 

642 Green-crested Tinamon fr om Bra- 
zil, 1-1, F. H- L. & Co, 

643 Ani, 1-1, F. H. L. & Co. 


Gnateatcher, n-4, 


644 Meadow Pipit, 1-5, F. H. lL. & Co. 
645 Redpoll, 1-5, F. H. L. & Co. 
646 Ostrich, Africa, F. H. L. & Co. 


647 Emu, from Australia, F. H.L.&Co. 

648 Rhea, South America, F.H.L.& Co. 

649 Moa (Cast). An extinct New Zea- 
land species. 

650 A pyornis (Cast) An extinct Mada- 
gascar species. 


f 


4 


} 


| 


| 
| 
| 
| 


THE OOLOGIS'Y. 29 


CIRCULAR DISTRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees, Manufacturers, etc., 
sare daily requesting us tosupply the addresses 
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, 
ete. Brunn’s successis marvelous, and will 
open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be mailed to business men, new, profitable 
‘and permanent employment to one man,woman 
or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S. 
and Canada. “The early bird catches the 
worm.” Wewantafew such ads. as Brunn’s 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH @dition of AGENTS HERALD. 

Nails up signs, distributes cirecul- 


RUNN ars, papers, samples etc..through- 
{ out Blackhawk and surrounding counties 
| only $3.00 per 1000. Address, W.H.BRUNN 
Waterloo, Ia. 


Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines. June 
"90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; ts paying yet. He has been kept con- 
Stantly busy. employs three men to assist him, 
‘clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day 
‘distributing Circulars at $3.00 per 10U0 for many 
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It 
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to 
mail 1000 circulars. A saving to each firm who 
employ you of $7 per 1000. Ten firms may each 
send you 1000 at the same time, making 100U 
packages of 10 each, for distributing which you 
would promptly receive $30. 15 in advance and 
$15 when work is done. Parents make your 
boy a present. Start them in this growing bus- 
iness. Begin this neat business before some 
‘one in your county gets the start of you. ‘Come 
in on the ground floor.”’ Instructions How to 
‘Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor 
ONLY, who sends us $2.40 cash or, postage 
stamps for a # line ‘‘ad ” 

AGENT’S HERALD, 
No. 171 South Sth Street, Philada., Pa. 


. Our Address 


during the next few months, will be at either 
ALBION, N. \%., or 

No. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., 

CHICAGO, ILLS. 


You canaddress your orders and letters to 
Whichever address you are the nearer—All 
mInatters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however, 
should be addressed at Albion. Should you 
wish to reach us personally, you should address 
“LATTIN,’ at ALBION, and “WEBB”, at 
CHICAGO. 


‘Faithfully, 
F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


TR AYS If you want any of those extra 

5 heavy alligator covered 
square trays, such as we had in our exhibit at 
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- 
‘tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose 
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any- 
size from 3in.x3 in. to 8in.x8in. We will ship 
by express at * dur expense in well assorted 
nests at $1.00 pe 1100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if 
you order spe ial sizes and- do not leave the 
assortment to us. they will cost you $1.50 per 


~ 7100 or $15.00 per 1000. 
* . Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, 


- Weean furnish{3i 
6 in.x6 in 


-are less than cost. + 25K 
-X3 in,.4in.x4in.,5in.x5in., 
WT ic. 70/8 in.x8 in. 

¢~ if you wantany of the World’s 


Ha, LATTIN & CO.,3571 Cottage _ 


“Grove Ave., CHivauc, [LLS, 


\ Manuf 


C Z : 

The specific and universal opinions, condensed, 
are as follows: 

“You deserve great praise, and the gratitude 
of the reading world—that portion of it, at least, 
that is fortunate enough to read THE GREAT 
DIVIDE. Having a field entirely its own, it is 
intensely American in cast and character.”’ 

It is useless for us to say, the illustrative 
features and typography are superb—equal in 
guality and unusualness to the fascinating and 
Strange contents that fill our columns. 

TEN CENTS a copy; ONE DOLLAR a year. 
Your newsdealer has it, if not, send to 


THE GREAT DIVIDE, Denver, Col. 


ry 


WH ONLY CIRES TOR y on carn. 
‘| Guaranteeing dO0.000. bor 
} Ouly 10 cents (regular price 
| .5 cents.) your name, if re- 
4 ceived within next 30 
days, will be BOLDLY 
W printed on gummed 
i! paper, and from Pub- 
ii lishers, Manufactur- 
Pebably thousands, 
of valuable Books, 


i! ers and others, you 
Saimpies, Papers, Maga- 


USN 


will receive hundreds 
45, etc. AL! free and 


| ) parcel with one of 
RSPR fail ¢ boldly printed ad. 
Giesses pasted thereou. XTRA! We will also 
print and prepay postace cn ov0 of your gummed 
addresses to you, fur yo ir personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on vour envelopes, books, etc., to 
prevent their being lost. IkKIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6, 
1391. DEAR SIRS—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 8,000 parcels oF mail. My 
Addresses you scattered among publishers,manufac- 
tirers, ete. are arriving dailv,on valuable parcels of 
Gall, ftom all parts of the World. J.A.WARE. 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTGRY ¢ 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia ,Pa. 


The Worlds Fair at Home! 


Selected Photographs, printed and 
mounteu Ly a Professional Photogra- 
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel 
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. 

Address P.. F. MARCH, Fern 
Bank, Hamilton County, O. 


Chay Bil 
eg 


30 THE OOLOGIST. 


\Y 


DUNKIRK, | N.Y. 


= 


QW TTT iN 
me en 
" Te iT 


is 


a 


Patented May 6, 1890. 
MAN WUE ACU Rams OF 


Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays. 


AGENTS WANTED. SEND FOR CIRCULARS. 
Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market. 


Niagara Falls. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Oonoaisr will visit them during the 
World’s Fair year and they should make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 
This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fe~ steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes by its entrance—and © ~upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to buila and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS: 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations. 


Vernier and Metric or French System. 


as Oologists! 


Made in all styles and sizes. Lightest, 

; strongest, easiest working, safest, simplest, 
b, an wean apeciinens Tesora most accurate, most compact, and most 
1} one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers, with modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. 
hardened jaws, 1% in. long, graduated in 1-100 Catalogues mailed free by 


of an inch and millimeters. Sent regietered to . - 
any part of the U.S. for $2.50, 6 inch scales grad- : The Marlin Fire Arms Co., 
uated in 1-100ths and mm.—0.75cts. For iljlus- if 
trated circulars, address E. G. SMITH, Colum- Hg NEw Haven, Conn., U.S. A. 
bia, Pa. (Reference, the Editors of this paber,) EEE - 
H. H. & C- S. Brimley, 
ollectors, 
Raleigh, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. 


THE OOLOGIST. 31 


| SB] QO, OOO Is ce ota | 
Pirlo UF 


In Shells, Curios, Specimens, 


and Souvenir Goods. 


during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and 
this stock is a surplus one. 

The above hits our case exactly and we have more than this © 
amount ‘‘tied up” insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s 
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do 
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the . 
expense of shipping them there. 

If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10, 
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup- 
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col- 
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up- 
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a 

' full and complete Dealer's stock, we now ofter you an opportunity 
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact 
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly 


50 per cent. Less 
Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices. 


Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up- 
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per 
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. 

Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove 
Ave., Chicago, or if within 100 miles of either place, call. It will 
pay you. 

Faithfully, 


F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


32 ‘ THE COLOGIST. 


suasrWOrld’s Fair Book sum 


We take pleasure in announcing that we have made arrangements with the 
i publishers of 


THE MAGIC CIrTy 


To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the OdLo- 
GIsT at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen 
consecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo- 
graphie Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S # AIR and the 
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mir. J. W. 
-Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been offered to the public. 
They constitute a splendid series of 


Over 300 Views 


In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of 
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance, 
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and 
among wild and curious races of people. 
More than $50,000 have been expended in the preparation of this truly mag- 
_ nificent work, and $50,000 more will be expended during the next few weeks in 
completing it. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer 
at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of 
Photographs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and. won- 
derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld. : 
These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled 
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and 
from which the best views could be obtained. 
In addition to the photographs secured bv these special artists, the publish- 
ers also had the pick and choice of those taken by the Official Photographer of the 
United States Government. 


THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance. illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho- 
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautiful oblong volume, 
11x14 inches in size. 


ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT! 


THE MAGIC CIFY is published in 16 consecutive weekly parts or portfo- 
lios, each portfolio containing 16 to 20 of these splendid original Photographs and 
Historical descriptions. The photographs could not be purchased separately for 
less than $1.00 to $1.50 each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly in- 
ferior views of this size. Portfolios Nos. 1 and 2 are now ready, Cut out the 
coupons on this page and mail them to the office of the OdLoGisT, with TEN CENTS 
each in stamps or silver, and you will get either or both as you may order. We 
charge no postage on parts sent by mail. 


Dad Vad Vad Lab Vad Vad Vad Vab Lad Tad Vad Val bab Lab Lad ad Vad Lab Dad Lad Vad Pad Vad Pad Vad Pal 


COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 4, 


The O6LoGIstT’s Historical Art Series 
OF THE 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, 
entitled: The Magic City. 


Cut cut this Coupon and mail to the Oolo- 
gist with ten cents instamps or silver, and 


receive Portfolio No. 1 
ota) Vad Vad Val Yad Dab Vad Vad bab Val bad bad Vad Pal tad bad Yad Vad bab Pad Vad bab Pad bad Pad) 


: 
: 


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Ya) bed Fa) Yah Vad -bab Pad Yah Yad Yah Fab tad bad Pah -Vab tad Vad Pah bad Yad Vad Vad ta) Vad Vad lal 


COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 2, 3 


The OéxLoeist’s Historical Art Series 5 
OF THE 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, 
Entitled: The Magic City. » 
Cut out this Coupon and mail it to the 


DVD Vad Vad Vad Lab Vad Vad Vad Pad Dal 


5 Oologist, with ten cents in stamps or silver 


3 and receive Portfolio No. 2. 
a a eR a a el 


Neb SLOT ere peer} 


Monthiy. 


« 


VOL. XI. NO. 2. 


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WHOLE No. 100 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ ‘‘Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


‘for 50¢ per 35 words. 
“word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
“NEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges” only 


-and according to conditions stated thereon. 


is an opportune time for ¥YQU torenew your subscription to theQOOLOGIST 


for 1894, and it in arrears to make an early settlement of the same. 


Whether 


‘this reminder applies to you or not,is it not high time that Y GU sent us at least one new subscriber 


I WILL exchange specimens, natural his- 
tory papers novels, Columbian stamps, etc, 
for birds eggs in sevs and oological supplies. 
ROY HATHAWAY, Red Key, Ind. 


FOR SALE.—$75.00 fine collection of first- 
‘Class sets and series with full data for $25 00. 
Also watch, 20 bore B UL. shot gun and tele- 
scope. A few specimens gold ore. ten cents 
each. B.S. BOWDISH, Phelps, N. Y. 


WANTED:—Good skins of Black Skimmer, 
Florida Cormorant and Carolina Paroquet, 
Haye a choice list of skins and sets and would 
pay part cash. Write at once to N. HOLLIS- 
TER, Box 681, Delavan, Wisconsin. 


CORRESPONDENCE is solicited from those 
desiring to purchase fine, small-holed Oregon 
birds’ eggs, in sets with complete data, the 
‘coming season. Price list for a 2 cent stamp. 
ARTHUR L. POPS, McMinnville. Ore. , 


TO EXCHANGE:—U, S. postage stamps 
and stamped envelopes for Same, or revenue, 
‘or Confederate stamps or will pay cash for 
“ones wanted. WALTER J. GARVEN, Greens- 
boro, Vermont. 


FOR EXCHANGE:—A good “Juno” Safety 
Bieycle, 28in. wheels, ball bearing. either lady 
or gent can ride. Make best offer in eggs, 
stamps or books. W. F. WEBB, 3571 Cottage 
Grove Ave., Chicago, II. 


LOOK !—A collection of ist class singles at 
15 per cent discount on Standard Catalogue to 
‘exchange for Ist class eggs in sets with data, 
of water birds. Hawks and Owls. Send list 
aud receive mine. A few sets to exchange. R. 
SANDFORD care of A Kirkham, Hastings- 
on-the-Hudson, New York. 


WANTED:—A good Kodak, any of the best 
makes, size No, 2. Will offer fifty dollars 
worth of western eggs in sets including White 
Faced Ibis, Black Stilt, Least Vireo and others, 
also. want stamps in exchange. A. M. 
SHIELDS, Stimson Block, Los Angeles, Cal. 


FOR EXCHANGE:—A collection of about 
fifteen hundred foreign and U. S. stamps, 
valued at $5.00. for eggs. JNO. BECKWITH, 
Franklin, Tennessee. 


EGGS IN SETS and singles and all kinds’ of 
curios to exchange at any time. O. W. HOW- 
ARD, 853 S. Olive St., Los Angeles, Cal. 


STUDENT CAMERA, boy’s bicycle and bird 
wings sold cheap, foreign stamps on sheets, 12 
for 6 cents. FRANK BREHM, JR., Box OC, 
Erie, Pa. 


TO EXCHANGE, as a lot, for best offer in 
Ist_ class sets, the following 2d class singles: 
Ridg. No. 5 set %, 47, 23, 93, 12314, 182. 240b, 249, 
272, 282, 326, 378, 394, 402, 408, 436, 522, also Ist 
class sets of 402 and others to exchange for sets. 
A. H. PHILLIPS, Princeton, N. J. 


ALLIGATOR SKINS:—We have a number 
of first-class Alligator skins, made last Novem- 
ber by an experienced hand. Prices prepaid 
only: For a 2% Gator, $2.00; 3 ft. one, $2.50; 
3% ft., $3.00. Address F. H. LATTIN & CO., 
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill. 


TO EXCHANGE:—“‘Our Birds in Their 
Haunts.” (new.) setS with data of Nos. 30a2-1, 
289 1-3. 378 1-10, 506 1-5. 593 1-3. 598 1-8, 705 1-4 and 
many singles. Also two thoroughbred female 
Scotch Coljlie puppies and other articles, to ex- 
change for eggs in sets or books on ornithol- 
ogy. WM. H. BELL, West Point, Virginia. 


t"On the wrapper of this month’s O6LoGIsT you will find some figures fol- 


lowing your name. 
©OOLOGIST. 


These figures you will find fully explained on page 56 of this 


34 THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR SALE.—5 new 1894 Scott; International 
Stamp Albums at $1.50 each. This edition has 
been greatly enlarged, F.H. LATTIN & CO., 
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill. 


OFFERED —Skins of Mammals, birds eggs, 
from Washington, Idaho. Wanted, micro- 
scope, camera, aneroid barometer, Compass, 
Heavy Revolver.Coues’ Key, Ridgeway’sManual. 
J. O. SNYDER,.Puilman, Wash. 


I HAVE to exchange desirable sets with 
original data and singles. for first-class bird 
skins. EDMUND HELLER, 196 Rubidou 
Ave., Riverside, Cal. : 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A pair of large Elk Ant-. 
lers on Skull in good shape, for Kodak Camera 
in good order and standard make, also eggs to. 
exchange for minerals, shells and curios of all 
kinds. ALF. EASTGATSA, Grand Forks, N. D. 


A NEW GOLDING $25 printing press, rollers 
never used, for best offer in eggs, rocks, Indian 
relics or curios. Make offer at once J. W, 
MYKRANTZ, Ashland, O. 


WANTED:—To hear from all who would 
like to exchange eggs with me this season. I 
ean collect anything you want in southern 
eggs. GEO. F. MIMS, Lock Box 85, Edge- 
field, S.C. 


NOTICE. I wish to close out my entire col- 
lection of minerals. Shells and fossils, so, until 
April 1st I will seud $2.50 worth toevery one 
senjing me $1.00. Will exchange any of the 
above and books for Indian relles. GEO. W 
DIXON, Watertown, S. D. 


MINERALS and ffrst-class eggs with datas 
to exchange for same or egg tools. GEO. 
ROBBINS, Front and A Sts., San Diego, Cal. 


FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE —I have first 
Judge's prize offered by OOLOGIST (part of May- 
nard’s works.) Value $5.00. Will sell for $3.50 
or best offer. FRED W. PARKHURST, Bath, 
Steuben Co., N. Y. 


“The OoLOGIST gives the quickest returns of 
any medium I eversaw. Answers tomy notice 
came by next mail after receiving my copy.” 
ERNEST H. SHORT, Chili, N. Y. 


A BOOK of 100 datas with stub perforated 
sent postpaid for 30 cents. I will exchange a 
limited number for sets of Hawks, Hummers 
and Water-birds at 60 cents per 100. Sample 
on application. ROY CRIHFIELD, Atlanta, 
Tllinois. 


A GREAT ISSUE! The January Nidiologist 
surpasses any of the ones which have preceded 
‘it, Which is saying much. Walter Raine con- 
tributes the first installment of a wonderfully 
fascinating article on ‘‘Bird-Nesting in North 
West Canada,’”’ with two “‘half-tone” illustra- 
tions, one of a Pintail Duck’s nest and the 
other a portrait of Mr. Raine. A “‘half-tone”’ 
portrait of the late oologist, Capt. B. F. Goss, 
with article by Capt. Chas. E. Ben jire. and an 
illustrated article by C. E. Doe on the Ospreys, 
are other features. Every issue of this, the 
only illustrated? ornithological monthly in 
America. is exceptional. You never saw its 
like. Single copies are 15 cts. each, but we 
send you a ‘sample’’ for 10 cents silver. Better 
send a dollar for a year’s subscription and get 
free exchange notice which will otherwise now 
cost you 50 cents. Back numbers supplied 
while they last. Address, H. R. TAYLOR, or 
NIDIOLOGIST, Alameda, California. 


EXCHANGE:—I have a Winchester single 
shot. 25 cal. rifle, has been used but little, a set 
of Ideal reloading tools with it. A 388 cal. col- 
lecting§ gun. hunting coat, a few bird skins 
and the following books: Therapuetics, Its 
Principles and Practice, by H. C. Wood. this 
book is perfectly new; Home Studies in Phar- 
macy; Modern Magic. I will exchange for snr- 
veying instruments. old war relics or for books 
pertaining to Civil Engineering. W.R. BIRD, 
Mason City, Iowa. 


WANTED.—First-class eggs in sets for which. 
I will exchange minerals, fossils, Curiosities, 
books and several specimens that were on ex- 
hibition at the Columbian Exposition. JAMES. 
J. CARROLL, Lampasas, Texas. 


EXCHANGE NOTIC#.—Have seven vols. of 
OoLOGIst,one ofScience*‘TaxidermistsManual,” 
Brown; "faxidermists’ Guide,” Hurst. Want. 
Am. Agriculturists, Abbott’s “stone Age” and 
second hand steel traps No’s 0, 1 and 2. AL- 
BERT B. FARNHAM, Benning, D. C. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Birds in the meat this 
winter. Parties who are interested please 
write. No cards. H, M. WOLF, Kewanee, 
Henry Co, Ills. 


I HAVE eggs of the Caspain Tern and Amer- 
ican Herring Gull to exchange for Eggs, Skins, 
Curios, ete. ED VAN WINKLE, Vau,s Har-. 
bor, Mich. 


LOOK HERE! Ihavearare and beautiful 
Fossil (Birds Eye Marble), found no where else. 
I will exchange Highly Polished specimens or 
Paper Weights for Indian Relics, Rare Fossils. 
or Shells. CHARLES BRIGGS, Lisbon, fa. 


IOWA COLLECTORS.—I desire to corres- 
pond with every Ornithologist in the state,with 
a view of extending our observations, send ad- 
dress on postal to, DAVID L. SAVAGE,Salem, 
Henry Co., lowa. 


EGGS —Bald Eagle, Buzzard, Hawks, Hood- 
ed and Parula Warbler and nests. Many others, 
cheap, cash. Only perfectly safe climbing 
gear. adjustable to any size tree. can make. 
cheap. can stop anywhere on tree to rest and 
have your hands free. Also new style climbers, 
not the least tiresome. Stuffed birds. Inform- 
ation, terms. prices for stamp. EF. THEO MIL- 
LER. Laneaster, C. H. Va. 


I RECEIVED 10 times as many answers to 
that one little exchange in June OOLOGIST than 
{ did in all of several other excbange ads. I ven-. 
tured in other p:pers, which cost me over $10. 
ED. VAN WINKLE, Van’s Harbor, Michigan. 


FOR SALE:—Scme fine sets of American 
Bittern’s eggs of 4and 5 eggs each, first Class, 
with data. at 30 cents per gg. Also large lists. 
of sets and singles in proportion, and a 38 cal. 
collecting gun, nickel plated, 5 spot, with de- 
tachable black walnut stock, in good condition. 
ELMER J. GILLETT, Barre Centre, Orleans, 
Co., N. Y. 


COLLECTORS :—I have practically a perfect 
contrivance for climbing trees which I have 
successfully tried for several years. By its 
use the most difficult tree, regardless of shape, 
size or height, is rendered absolutely safe and 
easy to climb. The device is durable, light. 
and easy to manipulate. Price $2.00. For par-~ 
ticulars address, M C. WHITE, Matthews, Va. 


ONE COPY ‘“‘Bir1s of Michigan,” 70 Natural 
History papers. single birds eggs and pair of 
polished cow horns for good Indian Relics_ 
SAMUEL H. ROBBE, Bellville, Mich. 


THE OOLOGIST. 35. 


GOING TO BUILD? 
Send for illustrated catalogue. containing 26 
handsome designs, FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S 
MODERN HovsES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t 


EGGS. 

From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- 
dia Australia, Africa, etc.. correctly named 
at moderate prices. also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, : 

Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany 


SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, 
. Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, 

Naturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy. 
Catalogue. 2c. C.F. CARR, New 
London, Wis. 


PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a 

speciality. Note and letter 
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F. 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


| T have just 
imported 

| over 500 gro. 
eof arificial 


leaves. I am now having a plate made and a 
list printed. If you think this list would inter- 
est you,I would be happy to mail you one. I’m 
now stocking up with the best material in the 
market and no doubt within a month I will 
have the finest stock of supplies in the country. 
If you are a live taxidermist, send me your ad- 
dress on a postal. JAMES P. BABBITT, 
Taunton, Mass. 


THE LATEST 
Dating Stamp. 
1894 to 1899. 


SOc. 


POST PAID. 


Satisfaction Guarant’d 


R. W.FORD, 
Rubber Stamp Mfr. 
BRISTOL, CONN. 


Promptly secured. Trade-Marks ~ Coy Ti hts 
and Labels registered. Twenty-five Seas eee 
perience. We report whether patent can be 
secu'ed or not, freeofcharge. Our fee not due 
until patent is allowed. 3:2 page Book Free. 
H. B. WILLSON & GO., Attorneys at Law, 
Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON. D. Cc, 


CIRCULAR DISYRIBUTERS WANTED 


Publishers, Patentees. Manu‘acturers, etc., 
are daily requesting us tosupply the addresses 
of reliable circular distributors. bill posters, 
etc. Brunn’s success is marvelous, and will 
open up in 200,000 AGENTS HERALDS next issue, 
to be muiled to business men, new, profitable 
and permanent employment to one man,woman 
or youth in every town and hamlet inthe U. S. 
and Canada. ‘“‘The early bird catches the 
worm.’’ Wewanta few such ads. as Brunn’s. 
(sample below) to start with in this month’s 
MAMMOTH edition of AGENTS HERALD. 


RUNN Nails up signs, distributes circul-— 
ars, papers, Samples, etc. through- 
W out Blackhawk and surrounding counties 
: only $3.00 per 1000. Address,W.H.BRUNN 
Water.oo. Ta. 


Brunn paid $2.40 to insert above 4 lines. June 
90. He began during the summer. That ad. 
paid then; is paying yet. He has been kept Con- 
stantly busy. employs three men to assist him, 
clearing on their labor from $10 to $15 a day 
distributing Circulars at $3.00 per 1000 for many 
firms who saw his ad. in THE HERALD. It 
costs every firm at least $10 in postage alone to 
mail 1000 circulars <A saving to each firm who 
employ you of $7 per 10L0 Ten firms may each 
send you 1000 at the same time. making 1000- 
packages of 10 each, for distributing which you 
would promptly receive $30, 15 in advance and 
$15 when work is done. Parents make your 
boy a present. Start them in this growing bus- 
iness. Begin this neat business bcfore some 
one in your county gets the start of you. ‘Come 
in on the ground floor.”” Instructions How to 
Conduct the Business, Free to each distributor 
ONLY. who sends us $240 cash or, postage 
stamps for a 4 line ‘‘ad ” 

AGENT’S HERALD, 
No. 171 South Sth Street, Philada., Pa. 


Our Address 


during the next few months, will be at either 
ALBIO®’, N. WY., or 

No. 3571 Cottage Growe Ave., 

CHICAGO, ILLS. 


You canaddress your orders and letters to 
whichever address you are: the nearer—All 
matters pertaining to the OOLOGIST. however, 
should be addressed at Albion. Should you 
wish to r-ach us personally, you should address 
“LATTIN, at ALBION, and “‘WEBB”, at 
CHICAGO. 


Faithfully. 
F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


TR AYS If you want any of those extra 
{ 0 heavy alligator covered 
square trays. suchas we had in our exhibit at 
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- 
tors thought the ‘‘slickest” tray for the purpose - 
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any 
size from 3in.x3in. to8in.x8in. We will ship 
by express at \ sur expense in well assorted 
nests at $1.00 pe :100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if 
you order spe ial sizes and do not leave the 
assortment to us. they will «ost you $1.50 per 
100 or $15.00 per 1000 

Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, 
are less than cost. 

Weean furnish 3in x3in..4in.x4 in.,5in.x5in., 
6.inx6in., 7in x7in. and 8in.x 8in. 

Order Quick if you want any of the World’s, 
Fair Trays. F. L. LATTIN, & CO.,3571 Cottage. 
Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. 


36 THE OOLOGIST. 


The Worlds’ Fair at Home! 


Selected Photographs, printed and 
mounteu LY a Professional Photogra- 
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel 
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. 

Address P. F. MARCH, Fern 
Bank, Hamilton County, O. 


D4 ADs) TO THE 
NE D8 2CENT STAMPS sranparp 

- Co., 88a, UPCERNERD. CHELSEA, LONDON 
For a copy oi Briti-h Birds, a handbook giving 
a clear and concise de«cription of the Nests and 
Eggs, Distribution, Migration, &c, of all British 
Birds. We will also send you our catalogue and 
specimen copies of our other publications. The 
‘Collectors’ Monthly, a splendid journal for all 
who wish to learn aboutBritishOrnithology and 
‘Oology. Specimen copy sent. Subscription to 
U.S. A. and Canada, only 40 cents per year. 


A Few Important Items. 


“BARGAINS THAT ARE BARGAINS.” 

We expected to have anew page of them this 
month but space forbids. On this account we 
‘extend the time of the ones offered in January 
OouoGistT to March Ist, not a single day later. 


OOLOGISTS WANTED. On page 61 of this 
issue we quote our prices on back numbers of 
the OoLocist We can use any of the 20c. 
numbers at 15c. each, any of the 15c. ones at 
10c. and any of the 10c. ones at 5c. each, payable 
in anything we offer tor sale or will send _ cred- 
ited check, good for the amount. Will also 
sallow 15¢c. each for Lattin’s °85 ‘‘OOLOGIST 
HAND-BOoK.”’ 


PRIZES for best articles and to the Judges, 
‘will be awarded much more liberally thanin 
°93. Particulars next month sure. 


_ YOU ARE A JUDGE. Which are the five 
best articles in this month’s OOLOGIST? Send 
in your vote on a postal notlater than Feb. 
20th. Faithfully. 

F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


SEAEATS, TRADE MARKS SG 
COPYRIGHTS. 


CAN I OBTAIN. A PATENT? Fora 
prompt answer and an honest opinion, write to 
TUNN & CO.., who have had nearly fifty years’ 
‘experience in the patent business. Communica- 
tions strictly confidential. A Handbook of In- 
formation concerning Patents and how to ob- 
tain them sent free. Also a catalogue of mechan- 
ical and scientific books sent free. 
Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive 
_apecial notice in the Scientific American. and 
thus are brought widely before the public with- 
“out cost to the inventor. This splendid paper, 
issued weekly, elegantly illustrated. has by far the 
largest circulation of any scientific work in the 
‘world. $3 a year. Sample copies sent free. 
Building Edition. monthly, $2.50a year. Single 
‘copies, 2 cents. Every number contains beau- 
-tiful plates, in colors, and photographs of new 
-houses, with plans, enabling builders to show the 
‘Jatest designs and secure contracts. Address 
MUNN & CO., NEW YORE, 361 BROADWAY. 


CAN PER 


MAKE $4 DAY 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside; every body 
wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp 
and we will mail you4 Free Samples and fuil 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MEG 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


The World’s Fair Eggs. 


We have left about one-half the eggs that we 
exhibited—mentioned in last OOLOGIST as ex- 
hibited by “FF. H. L. & Co.’—at the World’s 
Fair. Inmostcases these were the only eggs 
of the species ever withinthe bounds of Jack- 
son Park and consequently the only ones at the 
World’s Fair. 

If you can use any of these eggs at not less 
and perhaps at a slight advance over regular 
rates we would be pleased to have your list of 
wants at earliest possible date and we will 
quote y»u lowest cash price for the ones we 
have left. With each set we will give a written 
guarantee that it was the identicai one we ex- 
hibited at the World’s Fair. 

Address all letters referring to the ‘‘Exhibit”’ 
ege’s to ALBION, N. Y. 

F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations. 


Vernier and Metric or French System. 


If youcare to SAVE TIME and meas- 
ure your speCimens ACCURATE, get 
i one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers. with 
hardened jaws.144 in, long, graduated in 1-100 of 
aninch. Sent registered to any part of the U.S. 
for $2.50. 6 inch scules graduated in 1 100ths and 
mm.—75 cts. 


Send for one to 


E. G. SMITH, Columbia, Pa. 


Reference, the editors of this paper. 


The above tools are first-class in every re- 
spect and WARRANTED ACCURATE. (Liberal 
ijuducements to agents.) 


H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY, 
COLLECTORS, RALEICH, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
Full data. 


cohol. Send stamp for price lists- 


: ELE 2ESTAMP FoR \v 
SX, ee A 
Wi 5 3. 0 -ED,. Ww 
Pe romainst W RCESTER.MASS.2° 


THE OOLOGIST. 37 


20,000 MARCH OOLOGISTS 


WILL BE PRINTED ON MARCH Ist. 


During 1893 the greatest number printed at any one issue was 3,000 copies and 
the smallest 2,500. The actual average for 93 was 2,750 copies per month. 

Way back in the good old days of the Young Oologist we frequentiy had 
5,000 copies printed per month and once we had 6,000. This number we believe 
was the greatest ever issued. Of course when printing these large editions the 
bulk of them were used as “‘samples.” 

These samples, however, cost money, required time and labor to mail advan- 
tageously and as we grew older in both years and experience we discontinued the 
sample business and for the past four or five years have issued only a sufticient 
number to ‘‘go around,” which has ranged from 2,000 to 3,000 copies per month. 

As the present number of subseribors exceeds 2,000 it is safe to say that the 
smallest number that will be printed during 1894 will be that of the January issue, 
of which we printed 2,500 copies. 


Ths month’s (February) Oologist completes the first hundred numbers of 
its existence and in order to fittingly celebrate this almost unprecedented happen- 
ing or occurence—That a publication devoted to Birds their Nests and Eggs or in 
fact any of the various branches of Natural Science, should not only so long sur- 
vive the trials and vicissitudes of naturalistic journalism but that too with its ori- 
ginal Editor and Publisher still at the helm—we shall begin the second century 
with an edition of 20,000 copies. 


“What will we do with them?‘‘ Well, read on. 


WE HAVE 7845 PATRONS. 


First. We have recorded in our books since Jan. 1, 1893 the names of 
7845 collectors who have written us. About one-third of the number are or 
have been subscribers of the Oologist at some time during that period; one- 
half of the remainder or one-third of the whole are not subscribers of the Oolo- 
gist but have during the past two years purchased goods of us at various times 
in amounts ranging from 5 cents to over $1000. 

To the value of the remainder of these 7845 addresses we cannot attest but all 
of them were, however, sufficiently interested in our business to at least ‘‘swipe” 
one of their firms postals and request ‘us to send them a ‘‘cattleougue and sample 
of the Olegouse” and as much more as they might hope we would send them 
gratuitously. 


These 7845 names are distributed as follows: 


Alabama... A aE Massachusebts:) =.) eres Sia eSOULH ED alxO hale ee 
PATON ane Cee ee ee eee CA VEL Chi ane re. te eee deo ee OOS RETIN ECSSEO we Lo We ily ue aia 
JATHRG NINE epee a ese a Se oe alee gb INEINNESO barere ne ets UA Boe ORAS y ava!) nave. Manco lls 2a Wine! 
California 3 IVEISSISSip) poses pence ena al Pe een OO Fy AU ba Ney oe ymca OAS Sve eal 
Colorado = aE ELL NE eal ING SSOU RE eee Oe es SSL DEACON O11 Geek Rema seene s tee Cl a tame 
Connecticut poe Se bree IMOTG ATA ee ee De Pease A/T mosh ai Ks We no ee 
DelaAWaALeH. ee: i BBO UNE BES Wa sc. -= esse 2 133" Wiashineton._2. 

District of Columbia ... 2 DN SN ZEN ee ee 14 West Virginia.. 

OTIC apenas Lee le New Hampshire_. Fp Bom BWVASCOMS IMGs otras pene tus leg 
Georgia... New Jersey........ ZL SO PVA OTA ore 1 oe oe ee sill 
Ti(GIEW OVO) sac SP ey ete ING Wate CO o2: -i5 ieee. eecse econ 1! DOMINION OF CANADA, 

Illinois INGA YAO Kes ices estes se! 1008 British Columbia.................. 4 
Indiana yh INOTIbDE Carolinas sees 139 Alberta j 2 
Indian Territory : North Dakota..........-...........83 Manitoba 6 
TONG TE i a ee a OT Oe eee ES AN OR New Brunswick 2 
Gam SaSteee Oklahoma.........- Nova 8cotia................ q 
Kentucky Oreson S Ontario 164 
asians Pennsylvania....... Quebec.......-............ sone RD 
VALI Gee eee nk eee een § RbOderislan Ge eee ROLE] erry ernie Weetan es Mank Oa ute oe ea 18 
BIVICA TS yl xn Chee rcs eR es South Carolina — 


38 THE OOLOGIST. 


OUR WORLD’S FAIR EXHIBIT AND REGISTER. 


Second. At the World’s Columbian Exposition our exhibit occupied over 
2.000 square feet and within this space we had the largest and best displays on the 
Grounds ia the following departments, viz: 


1. Taxidermy—Our Wall Pieces, ‘From an “‘artistic or taxidermic” 
standpoint. 
Nest and Eges of North American Birds. 
Foreign Birds Eggs. 
Taxidermists Insiruments and Supplies. 
Oodlogists Instruments and Supplies. 
Entomologists Instruments and Supplies 
Botanists Instruments and § Supplies. 
Miscellaneous Scientific Instruments. 
Scientifically prepared Bird Skins. 

10. Original Plates from Audubon’s ‘Birds of America.” 

1l. Collection of Books and Publications devoted to Natural History. 

12. Shells—From a showy or commercial standpoint. 

13. Of Scientific Shells we exhibited only the single family— Helictde. Of this 
family we exhibited specimens of over 800 species which was by far the best dis- 
play of the family at the Exposition. We could have made a display of over 
10,000 species of Scientitic shells—eclipsing that of any Government or establish- 
ment—but our space and time would not permit. 


In the centre of onr space we erected a snug little office, this, we used as a 
background and surroundered with exhibits. 

At the right of the entrance to our office we had a desk, upon which we 
placed our business cards, pen and ink, and last but not least onr “World’s Fair 
Register.” Each page of this Register was divided into three columns at the top 
of which were respectively printed i in bold black letters the following, ‘‘Name,” 
“Address i in Full,” ‘Interested in.” Over this desk and Register we placed a 
sign or card of which the following is an exact, but greatly reduced, reproduction. 


OD -3 2 CVE 09 


As to the number of names we secured in this Register—Our Mr. Webb—who 
as yet remains in Chicago and with whom the safe keeping of our Register is still 
intrusted—writes, ‘‘Relative to the World’s Fair. Register we secured about 
10,000 names of which from 7,500 to 8,000 would pay us ‘to eircularize.” 


THE OOLOGIST. 39 


THE SCIENTISTS INTERNATIONAL DIRECTORY. 


Third. The last edition of the ‘Scientists’ International Directory’? con- 
tains the names and addresses of over 6,000 Professional and Amateur American 
Naturalists and Scientists, and over 1,000 Live Foreign ones, located in every 
quarter of the Globe. 

Summary. From these three sources: 

1. Our own Correspondents. 

2. Our World’s Fair Register. 

3. Scientists International Directory. 

We shall secure aé least 18.000 all different addresses and possibly a full 20,000 
—to each of these we propose to send a sample copy of our No. 101, March, 1894, 
Oolggist. 

Every copy will go to an address whom we believe will be interested in the 
Oologist and the business of F. H. L. & Co. 

If we have convinced you that our laststatement is a faet—Why will it not 
pay you to have your Want, Exchange or For Sale Notice or even a full page 
advertisement in these 20,000 March Oologists? 


OUR ADVERTISING RATES. 

Rates will not be advanced but will remain the same as an 
ordinary 2,500 edition which are as folows: Want, Exchange and For Sale 
Notices 50 cts. per 85 words, le. per each additional one, each figure used in 
these notices will be counted as a word or the same as when used in a telegraph 
message. Dealers can use the Want, Exchange +and For Sale Columns at 
regular advertising rates only, viz: 20c. per line, “counting seven words to the line. 


RATES FOR ADVERTISEMENTS. 


20 cents per Nonpareil Line. 168 lines in every page. 
No advertisement of less then 3 lines will be accepted for March issue. 


All orders for advertisements amounting to $2.00 (10 lines )or less must be ac- 
companied by cash. 


RECAPITULATED RATES for the 20,000 edition for March, 1894 from which there 
is positively no deviation. 


1 page re NTA 'S)) Poses ist ain ecess eheritaceer seesaw $16.80 
4“. (84 Sr reg) einen eee eae ea vee i 10.50 
2 see ee AWN te Wap shal ee ROS MARE US Ae 6.30 
Rep aben ((2 DOW A thar eer deer Sein: Calmont a 4.20 
1-16‘ Ho mais) aie secnatpi tect at eon etdeas eo paca) 


Unless you haye a satisfactory rating with either Dun’s or Bradstreet’s Com- 
mercial Agency, or can give us satisfactory Bank Reference, or have already had 
sufficient dealings with us to satisfy us of your financial re iability, the cash must 
accompany your order. If, however, you have either of the above three require- 
ments and your order is for space amounting to over $2.00 we will neither re- 
quire nor ask for a single Gent’s pay until we prove to you 

1st—By our printer’s affidavit that we have issued 20,000 copies of Mareh 
O6LOGIST 

ad By, our P. O. postage receipts that we have mailed at least 15,000 of the 
number. 


THE EXPENSE OF MAILING 20,000 CIRCULARS. 


To print and mail a 2-page circular the size of a page in the Oclogist 
would cost you from $300 to $400. We will print vou a 2-page advertisement in 
March Oologist for only $33.60 .or at one-tenth the cost of printing the 
circular. An advertisement in March Oologwist would stand a much better 
chance of being preserved than the circular, and while the expens: would not be 
a tithe of that. in the issuance of the cir cular, we are confident that the resales, 
which we are all after, would be largely in favor of the Oologist. 


40 THE OOLOGIST. 


OUR BUSINESS AND THE CLASS WHOM IT INTERESTS. 


The above cut tells you our business, and it is with people that are interested! 
in this business that every copy of March Oologist will be placed. 


They are of what is known as the “better class’—a well to do, thoughtful, 
intelligent class—composed of Business men; Professional men; Students, Teach-- 
ers and Professors in our High Schools and Colleges. A class who spend at 
least a week or so each year in an outing or vacation. A class who as a rule are 
more or less interested in Field Sports. And last but not least, a class who are 
regarded by the general public as ‘‘cranks” because they have a hobby in the 
curio or specimen line, in which they are deeply interested and in which the 
general public can neither understand nor hardly appreciate. 


e 
They are, however, a profitable class ‘‘to work.” We have tried it and know 
whereof we speak. We are also a pair of ’em and have been “worked’’—nobody 
knows better than ourselves our ‘‘failings” or inclinations to purchase or obtain 
anything in which we are interested, regardless, to whether it is advisable for us 
to do so or not. 
We offer you space in this March O6LoGIsT at a nominal rate. If you think 


you can profitably accept it, do so at once, a like opportunity will not occur for 
many moons, perhaps never. 


All copy must be in not later than Feb. 25th. Let us hear from you as. 
early as possible. 


Faithfully, 
F.H. LATTIN & CoO., 


Publishers of the Oologist. Albion, N. Y. 


ites 
potas 


eye 
Lanse 


THE OOLOGIST. 


WOL. XI. NO. 2. 


ALBION, N. Y., FEB., 1894. 


WHOLE No. 100 


George Newbold Lawrence. 


It is with no small amount of gratifi- 
‘cation that we present to the readers of 
the OdLoGIsT this month a picture and 
biographical sketch of a man who from 
-a standpoint of years and labors accom- 
»plished, can be well ranked as not only 
ithe father but the grandfather, yes—the 
‘great-grandfather of living ornitholo- 
gists. For a numberof years the sub- 
ject of our sketch has been a subscriber 
-of the O6LOGIST, and with such regular- 
‘ity has been his renewal, usually ac- 
‘companied with an order for other 
material, that the writer has of late 
-years, as the Holiday season approached, 
rather looked for the well-known 
‘chirography fof Mr. Lawrence. On 
December 18, 1893, we received from 
‘him the following letter: i 

New York, Dec. 17, 1898. 

“As I hope soon to dispose of my 
Natural History library, 1 am stopping 
-all subseriptions to scientific publica- 
‘tions, therefore, please discontinue my 
‘subscription to the O6LOGIsT with the 
completion of the present volume. 

I have been confined to my room for 
over two months, but am now getting 
better. ican read but little, and sev- 
eral of your Jate numbers remain un- 
read. As Iam now in my 88th year, it 
is about time to let up a little. 

In getting the OoLoGisr into volumes 
the following are missing. I think they 
-ecould not have come, as I kept them all 
in one place. I am willing to pay for 
‘them, as I want the volumes complete. 

Yours truly, 
Gro. N. LAWRENCE. 

Immediately upon receipt of this let- 
“ter the Publishers of the OoLoaistT call- 
-ed a special meeting at which they cre- 
-ated a very exclusive order in connec- 
‘tion with their little monthly, viz:— 
that of an ‘‘Honorary Life Member” as 
“we have previously stated, this order is 
za very exclusive one and for the present 


at least is restricted to asingle member. 
To this membership Mr. Geo. N. Law- 
rence was most unanimously elected. 
The Chairman of this meeting at once 
informed Mr. L.of the new honors con- 
ferred on him and fully explained to 
him the beauties of this new order and 
requested him, in case he could not ac- 
cept his election, to at least accept the 
O6LoGisT from month to month as it 
came in his mail and if he could not use 
it to better advantage ‘‘to toss it in his 
waste basket”—in which case, under the 
conditions stipulated, its publishers be- 
ing ignorant of its disposition could im- 
agine all sorts of pleasant things, 

In reply to our letter we received the 
following: 

New York, Dec. 30, 1893. 

I must apologize for not sooner an- 
swering your letter of the 22d. I have 
not been quite so well lately, and 
though anxious to write you, was un- 
able to do so. I also wanted to look: 
about the missing numbers. I am 
greatly obliged for those sent. 

Now for your intention of honoring 
me. I certainly will not. refuse the 
tendered membership and feel pleased 
by the compliment. I think I am Hon- 
orary Member of three important so- 
cieties, and member or correspondent 
of about twenty; but I try and let hon- 
ors sit lightly. 

As I have stopped so many periodi- 
cals I will not object to the OdLOGIST 
coming and hope I may be able to read 
it, certainly it will not go into the 
waste basket. 

Wishing you a prosperous New Year, 

I am, yours truly, 
GEO. N. LAWRENCE. 

In the naming of birds Mr. Lawrence 
has also been much honored, but no 
more than his labors merited. The 
genus Lawrencias, RipGw. ofSanto Dom- 
ingo was named in honor to him as 
well as the following North American 
species of birds: 


Myttarchus lawrenceti, 
rence’s Flycatcher. 


GIRAUD, Law- 


44 THE OOLOGISY. 


Spinus lawrencei, Cassin, Lawrence’s 
Goldfinch. 

Helminthophila lawrencet, HERRICK, 
Lawrence’s Warbler (No. 20. A. O. 
U. Hyp. list). 

In addition to the above, sixteen 
other species, chiefly Mexican, West 
Indian and South American, have 
been named in his honor. Below we 
give a biographical sketch of Mr. L. in 
fullas published in Mr. L. S. Foster’s 
“The Published Writings of George 
Newbold Lawrence, 1844-1891.’"* Our 
picture of Mr. Lawrence is a reproduc- 
tion of a steel plate in this same work. 

Mr. Lawrence’s published writings, in 
accordance to Mr. Foster’s Bibliograph- 
ical and Chronological catalogue, num- 
ber one hundred and twenty-one (121). 

Spencer F. Baird, who has aptly been 
considered the Nestor of American or- 
nithologists, possessed, besides the ca- 
pacity for organization, the power of 
guiding as well as enkindling enthusi- 
asm. 

Fortunate was it for ornithological 
science when, in 1841, Prof. Baird and 
Mr. George N. Lawrence formed an ac- 
quaintanceship, which soon ripened in- 
to a close and lasting intimacy. Stim- 
ulated by this. Mr. Lawrence then com- 
menced the scientific study of birds. 
From his earliest recollection, however, 
birds had attracted him and he had 
paid considerable attention to them. 

George Newbold Lawrence was born 
in the city of New York, where he has 
always resided, on October 20, 1806. 
His parents were both of English stock; 
his father’s ancestors, coming to this 
country in 1635, finally settled in New 
York,and those on his mother’s side lo- 
cated in Burlington County, N. J. in 
1681. 

His business career was an active and 
successful one, he having at the early age 
of twenty entered into a partnership, 
with his father and others,in the whole- 
sale drug business in New York City. 
In this he continued for thirty-six years, 
devoting assiduously his spare time to 
ornithology. In his earlier efforts to 
preserve bird-skins he endeavored to 
do so without removing the body of the 


* Bulletin of the United States National Mus- 
eum, No. 40. Bibliographies of American Nat- 
uralists: IV. The Published Writings of 
George Newbold Lawrence, 1844-1891, by L. S. 
Hosier Washington, Smithsonian Institution, 


bird, lacking as yet the council of a 
skilled taxidermist. This indicates 
that he felt an irresistible spur to ac- 
tion, the impelling force of all earnest. 
souls. 

Repeatedly he was of service to the 
Smithsonian Insitution in the details of 
outfitting expeditions for field work, 
and in many ways aided Prof. Baird in. 
scientific matters. He took the inita-. 
tive in organizing the Ober expedition. 
to the Lesser Autilles. 

He became a near neighbor of John 
James Audubon at about the close of: 
the life of that illustrious naturalist, 
and was very familliar with his sons: 
Victor and John. For the many years. 
covered. by his activity in ornithology 
be has conducted an extensive corres- 
pondence, embracing most of the na- 
turalists throughout the world. partic- 
ularly those interested in ornithology. 

His collection of bird-skins of great: 
scientific value, numbering about 8,600: 
specimens, and containing some 300 
types of new species of birds, was de- 
posited in the American Museum of Na- 
tural History, New York City, in May, 
1887. 

He joined The Lyceum of Natural 
History in the City of New York in 
1845, and now is a member,a fellow and 
a patron of its successor. The New York 
Academy of Sciences. Upon the orga- 
nization of The American Oruitholo- 
gists’ Union, in 1888, he became an ac~ 
tive member,and at its Hight Congress, 
November, 1890,he was elected an hon- 
orary member. Of the Linnzan So- 
ciety of New York, he likewise is an 
hononary member, having been chosen 
as such April 18, 1878. The British Or- 
nithologi-ts’ Union made him a foreign 
member in 1872, and he is also connect- 
ed with a large number of kindred so- 
cieties in ths and other countnes. 

Throughout his scientific career Mr. 
Lawrenee has commanded the confi- 
dence and respect of all of his contem- 
poraries, with many of whom he has. 
formed cordial friendships, and it is 
with amazement that we consider the 
long list of great names, from Vieillot 
to the present time, that since the birth 
of Mr.Lawrence bave impressed indelib- 
ly the brillianey of their splendid geni- 
us on American ornithology. Wilson, 
Audubon, Bonaparte, Brewer, Nuttall, 
Baird, Cassin,Giraud, DeKay, and many 
more have come, and passed on, during 
the stretch of one life. Of a verity 
American ornithological science has 
been favored in its leaders during the 
Jast fourscore years. 


rPHE OOLOGIST. 45 


The benificial infiuence of the labors 
of Mr. Lawrence, with pen and pencil, 
on the progress of American ornithology 
has been great aud undisputed, but it 
was particularly among the avifauna of 
the West Indies, Mexico, Central and 
‘South America that his most strenuous 
efforts were exerted. All but 17 of the 
319 new species of birds described by 
him came from that region. Endowed 
with great power of analysis and a re- 
markable patience, he applied these to 
the investigation of specific distinctions, 
and his conclusions have but rarely 
been questioned. 

A scrutiny of the titles of his numer- 
ous papers will fully indicate the wide 
scope and excellent character of the 
work of this veteran ornithologist. 


A Letter from John B. Hindtime. 


DEAR Mr. EDITOR: 

‘Having heard from a cousin of mine 
who is a collecter of birds eggs that you 
publish a paper on this subject, I 
thought my long and varied experience 
in this line might qualify me to write 
something of value for your journal. 
I have collected steadily for two years, 
and have formed a fine collection of 
one hundred and twenty odd species, 
the entire collection containing about 
one thousand eggs, many of which are 
rare in this vicinity and I may say rare 
in the state. Formerly I had no taste 
for collecting, but learning that my 
cousin was forming a cabinet, and see- 
ing that most of the fellows around 
here were getting up musenmas, I fell 
into line and was delighted with my 
success for I now have a large and 
unique collection. I shall visit my 
cousin soon to see how his collection 
compares with mine. 

This is a fine locality for collecting. 
Robins, Bluebirds, Jays, and other 
species abound, and frequently I see 
specimens of French Mockingbirds and 
Gray Mockingbirds, with an occasional 
Hawk, Owl or Crow. On my last 
ramble ol saw several Hawks flying 
overhead in cycles and epicycles, and 
my heart thrilled at the sight of these 
noble birds. I highly prize the single 


specimen of their eggs, which I found 
in a hole in a dead tree. It cost me a 
hard climb, and I was surprised to find 
them laying in such a place, but as I 
shot the old bird sitting in the tree I 
am positive of my great find. 

Perhaps a few words upon preparing 
birds’ eggs may not be amiss from me, 
as another season is about to begin, 
and my experience in blowing eggs 
should have taught me some valuable 
lessons. 

For piercing the shell I formerly used 
a darning-needle, but recently I pro- 
cured a three-sided needle from the 
carriage-maker, and I find this is an 
improvement upon my first implement, 
as by gently rotating it I can pierce the 
shell with less danger of breakage. 
Natural philosophy teaches that to se- 
cure a flow of liquid from an air-tight 
cavity two holes are necessary, the 
reason for which requires no discussion 
here. The larger hole I always make 
first in the larger end of the egg, by 
piercing a small ring of fine holes and 
then breaking away the part enclosed 
in the ring. The reason I make a ring 
of small holes is that when I pick out 
the part enclosed there is no great 
danger of cracking the other parts of 
the shell, which will frequently bappen, 
however, with an: inexperienced egg- 
blowist. The large opening need not be 
more than one-fourth of an inch in 
diameter, except in cases of heavily 
incubated eggs, when the outlet may 
be enlarged to meet the conditions. 
None of my eggs contain holes more 
than one-half an inch in diameter. 

The second hole in the smaller end 
of the egg I make quite small. as air 
will enter through the very smallest 
aperture, and I think it spoils theclooks 
of eggs to have two large holes. Ap- 
plying the lips to the smaller -aperture, 
I blow gentyy, taking care not to burst 
the shell by sudden puffs. Sometimes 
hard blowing is necessary, but patient 
work is always rewarded, and the 


46 THE OOLOGIST. 


smallest and most heavily incubated 
eggs can easily be blown by making the 
opening large enough and by blowing 
long enough. 

When I wrote to my cousin describ- 
iug my method of blowing eggs he re- 
plied that he had a trick of blowing 
them through one hole in the side, 
which he learned from reading your 
paper. When I visit him I shall see 
what there is in it. 

Some of the collectors in this neigh- 
borhood have little cards upon which 
they write the date, species, locality 
and other items concerning the eggs 
they find. They place these cards, 
which they call datas, with the eggs in 
their museums. I do not need these 
datas, for I am familiar with the eggs 
of this region and know the history of 
all the eggs in my collection. It is also 
a great bother to fill out a data for 
every egg one finds. And then when 
one is showing his collection to his 
friends, it isa great display of knowl- 
edge to know each egg by name,though 
frequently the eggs of various species 
do resemble one another in a perplex- 
ing degree, but I have some little 
point which I always note and thus fix 
the eggs of each species in my mind. 
Sometimes I write the name upon the 
eggs and thus avoid any mistake, and 
am saved tho trouble of filling out the 
little datas. 

Many of the species represented in 
my collection are in no other collection 
in this vicinity. I have a fine egg of 
the Turkey Buzzard, which I found in 
a nest inthe top of a large maple in a 
grove. I was collecting one afternoon 
this spring, when I observed theTurkey 
Buzzard fly from the trees some dis- 
tance ahead, and highly excited I rush- 


ed forward to find alarge nest high in 
the maples. I seldom climb into the 
treetops for nests, as one so frequently 
finds them empty and I dislike climb- 
ing for nothing. But I feltithat this 
was an opportunity too good to be lost, 
for I knew that no other collector here- 
abouts had eggs of this species in his 


eabinet. I clambered up the tree and. 
mounted to the nest, which had pre- 
viously been occupied by Crows, and 


-in it I found one egg of a pale blue 


color. I was somewhat disappointed 
in the size of the egg, which I imagined 
would be larger, but I was too elated 
over my great find to complain. The 
egg is now snugly packed away out of 
sight and harm’s way until fall, when 
I shall send my collection to the county 
fair and spring a grand surprise on the 
beys who intend to send their collect- 
ions for competition. 

I make it arule to take all the eggs 
I find, for in case of breakage in carry- 
ing, blowing or handling, I can replace 
any eggs broken and thus fill out the 
sets. Also I have heard that it is the 
thing to have a series of eggs of the 
different birds of the vicinity, and by 
taking all the eggs I tind, I can form 
full series. My series of Catbird eggs 
embraces thirty-five specimens, and I 
have a choice series of twenty-four eggs 
of the Turtle Dove. Then by taking 
all the eggs I am able to secure speci- 
mens of species not in other collections. 

If the eggs are unfamiliar to me I 
refer to the ‘“‘Universal Handbook of 
Ornithology,” for which I paid’ one 
dollar, and by its help I can easily de- 
termine the names of all my eggs. 
From the use of this book I find that 
many birds breed around here which 
are generally thought to breed beyond 
our limits. I advise every collector to 
have a copy of some good work on 
ornithology by which he can study up 
on the birds he meets. 

If you see fit to publish chis ia your 
paper please send me a few extra 
copies to hand to my friends, as I wish 
them to know I am writing for the 
paper. Yours, 

JOHN B. HINDTIME. 

P.S. I neglected to mail the fore- 
going letter on time, and since it was 
written | visited my cousin and ex- 
amined the eggs in his museum, 

Mr. Editor he has a trick of blowing” 
eggs through one hole, and a small one 
too, in the side, and I must have a set 
of those instruments for preparing eggs. 
I saw a copy of your paper in his desk,. 
and I find your terms are only fifty 
cents a year, while I paid one dollar: 
for my ‘‘Universal Handbook,” which 
my cousin says isa fraud. He tells me- 
that all the best books on ornithology 
are advertised in your paper, as well. 
as the Jatest ideas on odlogy, ana I en-. 
close tifty cents for a year’s subscrip-- 


THE OOLOGIST. gv” 


tion. I will start in earnest and in the 
fall [ will spring a real surprise on the 
boys. Mo, 183. Vals 


[We print John’s interesting and 
startling letter in full, and trust that 
the moral which may be readily deduced 
by its perusal, will set many of the 
O6LOGIST’s younger readers to serious- 
ly thinking, and should they decide or 
question as to whether thcre is nota 
striking similarity between John’s and 
their own experience, we would sug- 
gest that they drop egg collecting and 
take up stamps or coins, unless like 
John, they decide to begin anew and 
strive to be a true odlogist as defined 
in December OoLoGIsT.—EDs. | 


Watching Flickers. 

The winter of ’93 here in Minnesota 
was exceptionally cold, and when about 
the 1st of April the sun came out from 
the clouds and the large drifts began to 
melt away everyone was glad to see 
spring once more. 

Every day after this the snow seemed 
to gradually disappear and the days 
grew gradually warmer. Flocks of 
birds were seen migrating and once in 
a while a single crow. More birds 
were seen eyery day and most of them 
busy searching for food. 

But what a change when one morn- 
ing I woke up to realize that it was five 
degrees below zero and six inches of 
snow cn the sround. Hardly a bird 
was to be seen and those that were 
seen at all were flying back and forth 
in search of refuge. 

Upon dressing and going out to the 
barn I found quite an assemblage of 
birds, who in a very uncomplimentary 
manner, took to flight at my approach. 
During the day the weather grew warm- 
er and at noon the thermometer was just 
zero. The next morning the thermom- 
eter stood about one below zero and by 
noon it was quite warm. The snow 
melted almost all day and the next 
morn ng bare places could be seen and 
especially around trees, revealing the 
grass and a few acorns. 


That night upon coming into my 
room I heard a fluttering of wings, and 
on lighting a lamp I found a Flicker 
flying around the room and recklessly 
dashing with its long beak into any- 
thing that came in its way. 

I suppose it had flown into the room 
to escape the cold, the window being 
open. I went down stairs and found a 
small starch box and after quite a chase 
succeeded in capturing him. Icuta 
small hole in the top of the box for: 
air, and then retired. 

The next morning I thought 1 would 
have some fun with my captive, so I 
took the box out in a grove back of the. 
house, set it down on the snow and 
then went back into the barn to watch, 
for further developments. 

At first all I could hear was the 
Flicker drumming at intervals, but 
soon I heard drummings from other 
places, and on looking closely, discoy- 
ered eight other Flickers on different 
trees and all of them quite near the 
box. First the one in the box would 
drum away and then another until 
each had had its turn, and then they 
would start over again. 

In a little while all drumming stop- 
ped and I noticed that they were gtad- 
ually getting nearer to the box. Final- 
ly one of them flew upon the box, and 
at once the bird inside began to drum. 
When he stopped the one on top 
seemed to answer, and then both be- 
gan to peck around the air hole. Then 
another and another Flicker came to 
help until there were four birds on the 
box, pecking at the hole and endeavor- 
ing to free their friend inside. 

Thinking that I might catch some 
more of these birds, I fixed a box-trap 
near the caged bird so that I could op- 
erate it from the barn by a long string. 
Then I threw a handful of wheat under 
the trap as bait. I noticed for the first 
time a swarm of birds on the barn. I 
think there must have been fifty at 
least and most of them Sparrows and. 


48 THE OOLOGIST. 


Bluebirds. All of them were silent and 
still and seemed to understand that 
something queer was going on. 

I will not relate how I caught each 
Flicker. Suffice it to say that after a 
few failures and about two hours’ work 
I succeeded in catching five more 
Flickers. 

As soon as [ sprung the trap the first 
time I heard a sort of fluttering on the 
roof and on going out I could see the 
birds who were on the barn flying off 
in all directions, probably alarmed by 
the falling of the trap. 

I put tho five Flickers in boxes and 
fed them for a few days, but when one 
of them died I concluded it would be 
best to let them go asthey would prob- 
ably share the same fate soon. After I 
let them go they disappeared and I was 
rather sorry because I liked to watch 
them. 

I think there is nothing more inter- 
esting than to watch birds who are 
placed in peculiar circumstances. 

PLAX, 
St. Anthony Park, Minn. 


Finding a Nest of the Hooded Merganser. 


I have known for a number of years, 
that the Hooded Merganser has nested 
along thea Grand River, but have never 
been able to find one until last year. 

On or about the first of May, ’98, 
while fishing on the banks of the river, 
I saw a female Hooded Merganser fly 
down into the river to feed, and then 
fly back into the woods about 80 rods, 
where it was low and marshy, and light 


in the top ofan old elm stub over 40° 


feet high and 5 feet in diameter. I 
afterwards told some boys of my dis- 
covery. The next day we took climb- 
ers aud ropes and set out to climb the 
stub, which I assure you was a very 
difficult task. Finally one of the boys 
succeeded in climbing it. 

There were two prongs at the top, 


and he found the nest in the larger one 
about 4 feet down. The Duck was on 
and flew off about the time he discoyv- 
ered it. The nest was lined with feath- 
ers and down and contained seven eggs 
of a pearly white color. 

In order to get them he cnt a hole 
through the side of the tree on a level 
with the nest and took them out that 
way, lowering them one at a time ina 
box made for that purpose. 

We found in trying to drill them 
they were so hard that an ordinary 
drill would not penetrate them. My 
father made me a drill with which I 
firally sueceeded in drilling them, and 
found them badly incubated, but with 
care and patience I succeeded in get- 
ting some extra fine specimens. The 
largest measured 2.25x1.75 and the 
smallest 2.12x1.56. 

Had I made odlogy a study ten years 
ago, as I have since taking the OdLO- 
aist, I could have made a very valu- 
able collection of duck’s eggs, as the 
Hooded Merganser, Mallard and Wood 
Duck nested all along the Grand River 
and its tributaries, until within a few 
years, FRANK H. Lorp. 

Saranac, Mich. 


><> —~<+- 


A White Grackle. 
* 

On October 10 or 12, 1893, a farmer 
named Dean Miller shot a White Grackle 
on his farm one mile west of here. © It 
was with a flock of Grackles that were 
feeding in a corn field. He shot it and 
then had a Taxidermist mount it. 

The bird is pure white without the 
slightest trace of black, the bill is of a 
cream color, the feet are white with a 
grayish tint and the eyes are light yel- 
low with black pupils. 

The bird’s structure shows it to be of 
the Grackle species and in all itisa 
very handsome specimen. 

F. A. Cosy, 
Beatrice, Neb. 


THE OOLOGIST. 49 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
‘COOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F.. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
‘student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 

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os 


Mr Howard Cudlip died at the home 
of his father, Washington, D. C., in 
October last. 


Wm. G. Smith, formerly of Loveland, 
Colorado, is now conducting an eating 
house in Deal, England. If Friend S. 
makes as good a landlord as he is a 
naturalist his house will be full to over- 
flowing at all times. 


Mr. J. P. Newell, Jr. of Carthage, 
Mo. writes of taking 14 eggs from a 
nest of the Red-shafted Flicker besides 
leaving four to hatch. 


We are indebted to Messrs. Bradford 
& Beadles of Mayfield, Ky. for an in- 
vitation to the Third Annual Supper of 
the K. K. K. (Hunting and Fishing) 
Club. The supper was served in old 
fashioned camp style and the follow- 
ing was the Bill of Fare: Fish. Crop- 
pie: broiled, fried; Trout: broiled, fried. 
Game. Bear: steak, roast; Venison: 
steak, roast: Quail: broiled; Duck: baked 
stewed; Squirrel: broiled; K. K. K.: 
camp stew; Rabbit: barbecued. Breads. 
Corn Light Bread; Baker’s Bread. 
Crackers, Pickles, Catsup, Onions, Wor- 
cester Sauce, K. K. K. Coffee, Water. 
The Menu cards were elegant souven- 
irs of the occasion. Sorry we couldn’t 
have been there. 


<< 


Frauds Again. 


I am very sorry to be zompelled to 
warn my _ ornithological brethren 
against any party who offers such eggs 
as:—Pac. Kittiwake, Pac. Fulmer, Pela- 
gic Cormorant, Arizona Pyrrholoxia and 
many other such like sub-specifie rari- 
ties. It has painfully dawned upon me 
that parties who offer such eggs as the 
above “in exchange for common spe- 
cies” are to be absolutely avoided if 
one would escape mortification and 
loss. 

Let me embellish this warning with 
a bit of humor. A set of ‘‘Rusty” 
Grackle offered me with sets of the 
above showed, when examined with a 
microscope, some erasures, but the 
small end of one egg bore, boldly, tho 
following overlooked inscription‘ ‘360%”. 
This particular egg, then, had at some 
time done duty as an egg of the 
“Smoky-fronted Jay!” Truly, there is 
fun, sometimes, even in failure. 

P. B. Peasopy, 
Owatonna, Minn. 


50 THE OOLOGIST. 


Some Winter Bird Notes 


Perhaps at no season of the year is 
consistent study more remunerative to 
the ever observant student of ornithol- 
ogy, than in winter. 
and summer, when the cleared field 
and the woodland,the marsh and treach- 
erous slough alike present the activity 
of a ‘‘Cherokee Strip,” as the feathered 
hosts return to take possession and 
rear their broods,excite our enthusiasm 
as we note the industry and the thought 
displayed on every hand. In winter 
our admiration is great as we note the 
hardships so bravely met, the reason, 
tact, and wit, displayed by those daring 
little fellows who, when the pomp and 
color of the annual migratory ranks has 
passed, remain to battle with frosty 
blast and driven sleet and often look 
without despair, upon starvation in its 
many threats. Now is brought out the 
inherent dispositions, so various in the 
different species, as each thought, each 
nerve is strained to procure food and 
detect the many natural enemies. Not 
only is the utmost diligence required 
but reason, undisguised, is made appar- 
ent in each act. The summer of plenty 
and content brings forth, in the lower 
forms as in the highest, the happiness, 
the gayety, attendant upon success. 
With man in the arctic wilderness in 
winter and with birds exposed to the 
same conditions, we find the natures 
altered, the altitude changed from one 
of exuberance to that of grave reason- 
ing and utmost industry as necessity 
compels. 

Then in winter we may learn much 
ofa bird’s depth of thought which it 
may command as environment re- 
quires. 

Very noticeable, during my almost 
daily walks about the fields, has been 
the apparent absence of three of our 
most common and regular winter res- 
idents: the Tree Sparrow, Sytzella 
monticola, the Junco., Junco hyemalis, 


The spring-time — 


and the Prairie Horned Lark, Otocoris: 
alpestris fraticola. These are usually 
to be found in abundance in winter,— 
the Tree Sparrows and: Horned Larks- 
in the fields feeding upon the seeds of 
weeds, which have been allowed to 
stand, and the Juncos more frequently 
about the shubbery and kitchen door. 
The Juncos came here in the fall as: 
usual with the Tree Sparrows, but I. 
have seen neither since October 28th, 
93. Where these birds are if they are- 
present at all, I am at loss to know. 
Sometime avo, a laborer came to me- 
with the information that a ‘‘big hawk” 


_was flying round and round a marshy 


pond which he had chanced to pass. 
T immediately set forth, for it was al-- 
ready nearly dark. When I came- 
within sight, a large bird which I at: 
first took to be a male Marsh Hawk,, 
was soaring above the coarse grass and! 
snow,nucw and then swooping suddenly 
down to alight for a moment but as 
suddenly to take wing again. As I drew 
nearer I recoguized it to be aBarredOwl, 
Syrnivum nebulosum. Never before have: 
Thad so good a chance to study this. 
owl’s method of hunting. It is exceed- 
ingly active in flight, soaring fully two- 
thirds of the time, as would a hawk. 
Its agility in turning suddingly upward: 
or downward and in wheeling about. 
was remarkable, much after the fashion: 
of the iast. It was evidently in search: 
of meadow mice. Iwas finally detected’ 
and his owl-ship made haste in escaping- 
over the hills to the woodlands near. 

In none of our winter birds is shown: 
such a. lovable disposition, combined’ 
with so much of modest beauty, as im 
our common Mourning Dove, Zenai- 
dura macroura. This winter a flock, of 
about twenty, has made a farm yard 
its head quarters, picking up the corn 
and seeds, scattered in feeding the 
stock. ‘These doves increase very fast, 
but many perish in our coldest winter- 
weather. Many a cold morning have I 
found several of these tender birds. 


THE OOLOGIST. 51 


huddled together by some stack so cold 
that I could pick them up in my hands. 
More often have I found them frozen 
stiff in a little gronp, entirely lifelike in 
position and appearance. 

On December 6th, I observed for the 
first time, that great tlocks of the Snow 
Bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis had ap- 
peared upon the wintry scene with all 
the zest of their frolicsome natures. 
They have interested me much. Their 
sudden appearance upon the bare ice 
of on open lake, where all would alight 
within the radius of a few feet, com- 
pletely covering the surface, then their 
allas sudden and mystic departure to 
and among the surrounding hillsides, 
leaving the observer staring in amaze- 
ment at “where they should be,” and 
their altogether restless movements, 
render them almost dreamlike. Why 
they gather upon the ice and this is a 
very characteristic habit of theirs here, 
I have been unable, so far, to deter- 
mine. Their quaint notes seem to con- 
vey to the mind a thought of home- 
sickness. The half dozen specimens 
taken for my collection were very fat and 
I think that they will not lose Sesh here 
in Michigan, if we may take their diet 
as data bearing upon this point. The 
crops contained a large per cent of 
wheat, taken from the surface of the 
fall-sown fields, with some seeds of the 
pigeon grass and other smaller ones 
not identified. It is surprising to see 
how soon these usually suspicious birds 
learn to regard the gunner with the ut- 
most fear. Though not uncommon the 
Snow Bunting is not of regular occur- 
ence in Washtenaw Co. 

I wish that I might take you all, on 
some pleasant morning, one mile across 
the fields tothe border of a lonely little 
swamp; at least so it is called, but here 
is a place of great attraction at present, 
to those who love the study of birds. 
At this place in the late fall some dogs 
killed a sheep and nearly stripped it of 
flesh. Through the snow protrude the 


ghastly ribs bearing bits of flesh, and 
this is our point of observation, In 
quest of the frozen bits of meat come 
Downy and Hairy Woodpeckers, Blue 
Jays, Chickadees, White-breasted Nut- 
hatches, and a huge Red-tailed Hawk. 
Here [| have watched all but the Buteo 
at one time, and as they tug and quar- 
rel and scream their different temper- 
ments are shown superbly. How dif- 
ferent from the dainty Chickadee, as he 
pecks away at some tiny morsel, is the 
rowdyish onslaught of, that bully 
among birds, the Blue Jay. How dif 
ferent from either is the fierceness 
with which the mighty Red-tail hauls 
and twists on some ligament or ten- 
don with beak and talons. Yet all 
have in view the one object, food. 
Again we find the Great Horned Owl, 
Bubo virginianus, charged with crime 
and in custody. A neighbor hearing 
eries fron? his ill-protected fowls, one 
moonlight night,rushed from the house, 
gun in hand, just in time to take a wing- 
shot at one of these magnificent birds. 
The charge of shot merely tipped its 
wing and it was taken alive. It has 
quite recovered, and is now'in my pos- 
session, a fine mate for one of its kind 
which I have reared from a downy 
chick. Here, as in other places, the 
farmer neither appreciates nor cares 
to understand, as a rule, the good 
which the Hawks and the Owls do him. 
He has,in the township, voted a twenty- 
five cent bounty for each Hawk or Owl 
head presented at the oflice of theTown 
Clerk. Crows are honored with a val- 
uation of fifteen cents per head. Hence, 
every small Loy and Jazy man is try- 
ing to earn aliving, by killing the grand- 
est, the most imposing order of birds 
our country affords. Yet the stealthy 
eat and howling cur go free, doing 
more damage to fowls than all other 
marauders put together. A few misde- 
meanors credited to these birds, how- 
ever, condemn them all, and the true 
lover of birds stands aghast at the wan- 


52 j THE COLOGIST. 


ton slaughter. Of late a fine Bald 
Eagle’s head was presented for bounty, 
the learned clerk registered ‘“‘Hawk” 
and paid the sum. 

In closing these rambling notes I will 
but add that there are fewer birds here 
this winter, so far, than I have ever 
known before. No straggler from the 
North bas come to reward my ardent 
search. In vain have I looked for rare 
Hawks, Owls, Grosbeaks or Crossbills 
etc. In their absence however I will 
have more time to devote to: our most 
common species which are ever with us 
and which we should most thoroughly 
understand. 

L. WHITNEY WATKINS. 
Manchester, Mich. 


+ 4 <b 


Along the Outlet Creek. 


Ballston Lake is a narrow little sheet 
of water about three miles long, and 
drained by a creek, which, for the first 
mile or so, flows through an extensive 
muck swamp, part of which is under- 
laid with sheil marl of an unknown 
depth. 

The wagon road across this swamp at 
the outlet of the lake is constantly set- 
tling and requires filling in every few 
years to keep it from sinking below 
the water level. 

From the lower end of thisswamp to 
the bridge at the lake is part of a favor- 
ite collecting trip; the swamp is well 
wooded with elm, soft maple, and ash 
trees and Red-shouldered Hawk’s nests 
are quite common. I took two sets of 
their eggs there last spring,also one set 
of Cooper’s and ove of Broad-wing’s. 

One day this fall I was through there 
looking for ducks on the‘‘OutletCreek,” 
the trip was not a success as a duck 
hunt, as I saw but two ducks (Anas ob- 
scura), but I saw the first living Great 
Blue Heron [ ever came across, for al- 
though the American Bittern and Green 
Heron frequent the low marshy lands, 
the Great Blue is only occasionally met 


with; a friend of mine has one stuffed 
that was shot in this town. 

As I continued up the creek, flocks of 
noisy Blackbirds began to fly over and 
I soon came upon a large flock of 
Grackles, Robins, Red-wings and Cow- 
birds, the first two named singing their 
sweetest songs, and the others joining 
in now and then, and all flitting and 
hopping hither and thither among the 
trees and bushes hunting their living. 

I once had a tame Robin that I tvuok 
as a nestling, that used to sing,oh! such 
sweet, tender, loving little songs, and 
his joyous whistle could be heard a 
block away, but till now I had never 
heard such demonstrations from the 
wild Robins,nor did I know what sweet 
music the common chattering Purple 
Grackle could make. 

They seemed fairly bubbling over 
with happiness and love of mother 
Nature, and of the good God who eares 
so wisely for them. As night was com- 
ing I had to hurry hoime, but I felt a 
closer acquaintance with my little feath- 
ered friends than had before been my 
privilege. 

B. A. G. 
Ballston Spa. N. Y. 


The Spring and Summer Birds of Central Park 
New York. 

A large number of birds, while wend- 
ing their way northward on their 
Spring migration. stop for a few days 
in Central Park, N. Y. before continu- 
ing their journey towards their accus- 
tomed breeding places. Quite a few of 
these visitors seem to be so pleased 
with their short visits, that they decide 
to stop with us during the breeding 
season, and so create a goo field for 
the Ornithologist in the centre of a 
large and prosperous city. 

I spent most of my time during the 
early morning hours of May, 1898, in 
observation of the birds that passed 
through the park during this month, 


THE OOLOGIST. 53 


and was much pleased with the list that 
I was able to secure, the Warbler fam- 
ily seeming especially abundant. 

The following is a list of birds seen 
by me in Central Park during May, 
1893. 

American Herring Gull,Green Heron, 
Black-crowned Night Heron, Spotted 
Sandpiper, Red-shouldered Hawk, Yel- 
low-billed Cuckoo, Black-billed Cuckoo, 
Belted Kingfisher, Downy Woodpecker, 
Flicker, Night-hawk, Chimney Swift, 
Ruby-throated Hummingbird, Kingbird, 
Pheebe, Blue Jay, American Crow, Fish 
Crow, Cowbird, Red-winged Blackbird, 
Baltimore Oriole, Purple Grackle, Red- 
poll, American Goldfinch, White-throat- 
ed Sparrow, Chipping Sparrow, Field 
Sparrow, Song Sparrow, Swamp Spar- 
row, Towhee, Cardinal, Searlet Tana- 
ger, Barn Swallow, Rough-wingedS wal- 
low, Cedar Waxwing, Red-eyed Vireo, 
Warbling Vireo, Yellow-throated Vireo, 
White-eyed Vireo, Biack and White 
Warbler, Worm-eating Warbler, Blue- 
winged Warbler, Parula Warbler. Yel- 
low Warbler, Black-throated Blue Warb- 
ler, Myrtle Warbler, Magnolia Warb- 
ler, Chestnut-sided Warbler, Black-poll 
Warbler, Blackburnian Warbler, Black- 
throated Green Warbler, Yellow Palm 
Warbler, Oven Bird, Maryland Yellow- 
throat, Canadian Warbler, American 
Redstart, Catbird, Brown Thrasher, 
House Wren, Brown Creeper, White- 
breasted Nuthateh, Chickadee, Ruby- 
crowned Kinglet, Wood Thrush, Wil- 
son’s Thrush, Olive-backed Thrush, 
Hermit Thrush, American Robin, Blue- 
bird, European Goldfinch, English Sky- 
lark, and the ever present English 
Sparrow. 

Among all the birds that stop to breed 
in Central Park, the Cardinal Grosbeak 
is one of the most attractive. About 
May 15th these brightly colored visitors 
commence housekeeping; they choose 
some secluded spot, distant from any 
path, and there build their large com- 
pact nest, generally placing it in the 


centre of a thick bush, well hidden 
from the sight of any mischievous boy 
or watchful egg collector. 

The White-breasted Nuthatch, Song 
Sparrow and Robin, are among the first 
arrivals in the Spring, and they too 
stop with us during the breeding season 
and raise their broods in suitable spots 
in the park; they not only spend the 
summer with us but occasionally the 
Winter also 

The European Goldfinchis a regular 
breeder in the park, and, and makes a 
welcome addition to our breeding birds. 
In Winter I have often seen a large 
flock of this industrious species search- 
ing for their sustenance among the dead 
leaves and bushes of the ramble. 

The English Skylark has been intro- 
duced into this country and I believe is 
becoming more numerous every year. 
Last season a pair of these birds built a 
nest in the corner of the roof of the 
Museum of Natural History, and suc- 
ceeded in raising a brood there. 

The Wood Thrush and Catbird are 
very well represented during Spring 
and Summer, and like the Cardinal 
Grosbeak select the most secluded 
spots to build their nest. 

Very few of the Warblers are found 
during the breeding season in Central 
Park, although I have several times 
discovered a nest of the Yellow Warb- 
ler, which invariably contained a Cow- 
bird’s ege; this impustor not even per- 
mits the birds of the City to raise their 


. broods in peace, but imposes upon them 


the responsibility of caring for one of 
their deceitful race. 
Wm. Y. HAWLEY. 


> 


Great Horned Owl. ~ 


F. C. HuBBARD, GENEVA, O. 
Bubo Virginianus (GMEL) Great 
Horned Owl is well represented in and 
around Ashtabula County. During the 
season of 1893 three were secured by 


54: i THE OOLOGiST. 


sportsmen, and Charles Maltbie, a poul- 
try raiser on the outskirts of. Geneva, 
poisoned a male and female. Some of 


his chickens were in the habit of roost- 


ing on the fence surrounding the park 
in preference to the coop and one morn- 
ing when Mr. M. went to feed them he 
found one of his best Minorca hens 
half eaten up, and supposed it to be the 
work of a skunk or some other animal. 
Thinking the destroyer might return 
the next night to finish the chicken, he 
left it in the Same position and sprinkl- 
ed it with strychnine. He was rewarded 
next morning by finding not a skunk 
but a Great Horned Owl which proved 
to be a male, and still alive; it ate too 
much of the drugged meat to get away. 
The following morning a female Owl 
was found in the same condition ;neither 
were dead and would snap viciously 
when poked with a stick. On giving 
them a little water the strychnine 
quickly did its work. Mr. M. has had 
a great deal of trouble with these birds. 

The following story rivals the Eagle 
who carried off the babe: It was in the 
year of ’85 that I had a small terrier 
that came very near being carried off 
by one of these birds. It was just 
growing dark and I was returning from 
my work and just entered the lane lead- 
ing to the barn when I heard the dog 
begin to howl in a most piteous man- 
ner in the direction of the front yard 
but did not think much of it, supposed 
some one had hit him; but when he had 
howled for a minute or so I began to 
think something was wrong, and on 
runuing around the house, what should 
I see but one of these pesky birds try- 
ing to carry off the dog. ‘The dog soon 
proved to big a load for the Owl and he 
slowly descended to the ground, drop- 
ped the dog and started to fly off, but 
Jim, who had been waiting an oppor- 
tunity during the struggle was to quick 
for him and ‘peppered’ him with a big 
charge of buckshot. I had him stuffed 
and you can see him by eoming into 


the house, which we made haste to do. © 
He was the finest specimen of the Great 
Horned Owl I ever saw. 

So far | have been unable to find any 
of their nests but hope to secure a set 
of eggs the coming season. 


~~ 


White-throated Sparrow in St. Lawrence Co., 
Nae 

July 19, 1898. As I was entering a 
narrow piece of evergreen, chiefly 
cedar, woods, situated in a rather low 
place, I flushed a White-throated Spar- 
row, (Zonotrichia albicollis) from her 
nest of four eggs. It was placed on the 
ground near a fallen tree, and was 
pretty well concealed by the grass and 
a bunch of ferns which overhung it. 

The nest wasa fine, compact struct- 
ure, composed of grasses, weeds, stalks, 
ete.,and lined with fine grass and horse 
hair. 

The eggs resembled those of the Song 
Sparrow in size and markings, but 
were rather lighter and less heavily 
marked than the general run of Song 
Sparrows. On blowing one of them | 
found incubation to be considerably 
advanced. ‘This egg measured .81x61. 

Two days later I visited the nest and 
found the female’ on it. I approached 
within three or four feet of her,’so close 
that I could plainly see the yellow ex- 
tending from: base of bill to eye, before 
she left the nest. 

This is the only instance of this Spar- 
row’s breeding here that has come un- 
der my notice. Davie says they breed 
in Northern New York, ‘nesting in 
June.’ This, then, was probably a 
second set. 

C. HouGHTON. 
Potsdam, N. Y. 


~ 


Bohemian Waxwings. 
On the 14th of Jan., ’91 on coming 
out of a neighbor’s house I noticed a 
large flock of birds on a tree across the 


THE OOLOGIST. 55 


“street and on guing closer, to my sur- 
prise, found them to be Bohemian 
~Waxwings, two hundred or more; but 
being away from home and not know- 
“ing where to borrow a gun handy I was 
-obliged to leave them. 

Again in March I saw aflock of Cedar 
Waxwings alight in a mountain ash 
picking berries that remain on during 
the. winter. Upon coming close to 
them I noticed four or five Bohemians 
in company with them. 

Saturday, Dec. 16, 93. Again to-day 
I saw five Bohemians in a mountain 
ash feeding, but no chance to secure 
one; also one Robin in their company. 
Of the latter I have seen from one to a 
dozen all winter. They feed on moun- 
tain ash berries also and stay until 
gone. W. E. WEBSTER, 

Oskosh, Wis. 


> —<$§—< >_> + — = 


‘Bald Hagles in Missouri. 


Noy. 15, 1893. Ihave just skinned a 
very large specimen of the Bald Eagle 
that was shot about seven miles north 
-of here. It measured seven feet from 
tip to tip, was three feet long, weighed 
fifteen and a half pounds and was very 
fat. It was shot with No. nine shot 
while flying. This bird makes the fifth 
Eagle that has been captured around 
here during the last summer and fall. I 
-cannot account for their being here he- 
-cause the country is mostly open. 

CurRTIS WRIGHT, JB., 
Carthage, Mo. 


Another Prolific Flicker. 


Having recently read in Davie’s 
“Nests and Eggs of North American 
Birds” concerning the layings of the 
Flicker, I found that it in a measure 
coincided with a similar experience of 
my own. 

On the first of June, 93, as I was out 
collecting eggs, I discovered in an old 
oak tree about 20 feet from the ground, 


ahollow. I noticed near by a pair of 
Flickers and thought that they were 
seeking this spot fora nest, Stepping 
behind a tree and carefully watching 
their movements I presently found that 
my thoughts were true. 

As I knew that the female Flicker 
would soon begin laying I carefully 
watched this nest. Upon going to the 
nest one day I found that some small 
boys had discovered it also. I knew at 
once that I would have to watch the 
nest very carefully. Every day I took 
an egg from the nest until at last she 
ceased laying. I found to my surprise 
that I had taken 40 eggs in 40 days. 

I am confident that these were the 
layings of a single Flicker as no other 
pair during this time was seen in the 
immediate vicinity. 

R. A. SCHWEER, 
Denton, Texas. 


>< >_> _<+— 


American White Pelican in Illinois. 


Perhaps the largest water fowl and 
certainly one of the rarest specimens 
of ornithology ever seen in this vicinity 
was killed at Brooklyn, Illinois, three 
miles below here, by Mr. E. W. John- 
son on the 29th of October, 1895. 

The bird in question is a large peli- 
ean, has plumage unstained by blem- 
ishes of blood or dirt, is snowy white, 
save on the back and shoulders where 
a few dun-colored feathers are inter- 
spersed. 

His kinsman,the Brown Pelican, is a 
frequent visitor in these parts, but rare- 
ly does the human eye see one of the 
big snowy, baggy-pouched birds on 
local water. 

The dimensions of the bird are as 
follows: From one extended wing 
point to the other it measures eight 
feet, five inches. From the end of the 
long bill to the flabby feet is just sixty- 
one inchas. The pouch beneath the four- 
teen-inch bill is fifteen inches in length 


56 THE OOLOGIST. 


and eight in depth when stretched 
down. 

Altogether it is a wonderfully hand- 
some bird, and was secured by Charles 
Frye, the local taxidermist. 

G. L. T., Padueah, Ky. 


DECEMBER CONTEST. 


Forty-five Judges. 

Prize winners and credits received by 
each were as follows: 

1. Raptores of Michigan, 190. 
- 2 Scenes from the Life of Alexander 

Wilson, 147. 

3. Notes on the Birds of Henry Co., 
Lowa, 94. 

4. Collecting at Night, 67. 

5 Odlogy, 54. 

A years subscription to the OOLOGISN 
was awarded to 

A Nest of the Canvas-back, 49. 

The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 

1. No. 11. Fred W. Parkhurst, 
Bath, N. Y., exact. 

2. No.7. Stephen J. Adams, Corn- 
ish, Me., 1, 2, 3, 5. 4. 

3. No. 44. Frank D. Weeks, Port- 
land, Oregon, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4. 


4. No. 48. Ellis F, Hadley, Dayton, 
Oregon, 1, 2, 4, 3, 5. 
5. No. 41. A. W. Wallace, Mont- 


clair, N. J., 1, 2, 5, 3, 4. 

No. 45. L. A. Hawley, New York 
City, was also awarded a ‘Standard 
Catalogue” for naming the winners. 

All prizes were mailed on January 
25th. 


eo 


A New Species of Fish. 


A guard tells a good story on a lady 
who was visiting a well-known Chicago 
lady, and was being shown by her 
through the Fisheries Building. She 
was in in the salt-water section of the 
aquarium, in the very thickest of the 
pushing, jostling, crowding mob that 
constantly gazed upon the caged deni- 


zens of the dcep. Pushing her way 
toward the tank where the toad-fishes- 
disported themselves, she suddenly ex- 
claimed: 

“Do look at that great long fish, 
squirting water out of his nose! Isn't. 
it wonderful!” 

The long fish referred to was a lead 
water-pipe leading from the top to the 
bottom of the section: through which 
was sent a constant stream of salt 
water which came out in sprays. 
through a number of little holes in the 
end of the pipe. 

But she wasn’t the only person who: 
was dleceived by these pipes that spray- 
ed salt water in the various sections. 
Occasionally a countryman would ba 
heard to exclaim: 

“Gee whiz! look at that long eel! I 
never saw an eel squirt water that way 
before!"— From ‘“Undercurrents of 
Humor from the Fair,” in Demorest’s. 
Family Magazine for January. 


>< <> + 


Figures of Importance. 
Examine the number following your 
name on the wrapper of this OoOLOGIST. 


This number denotes the time when 


your subscription expires or has expir-. 
ed. 


56 signifies your subscription expired June, 1890: 
62 be we ch wt Dec. “é 


68 ng x bs June, 1891) 
TA ae ee oe ee Dec. oe 
80 “ i uh “ June, 1892: 
86 oe ee “ee oe Dec. oe 
92 ef i s oo June, 1893. 
98 ee oe be oe Dec. oe 
104 hes u will expire June, 1894 
110 ee oe be oe Dec. ee 


We are desirous of straightening our 
subscription books at once and trust. 
our subseribers will send in their sub-- 
scriptions for ’94 including all arrear- 
ages, at their earliest conveniences, the 
amounts necessary to accomplish this. 
are as follows: 

*567— $2.25. ‘627°—$2,00. °68"—$1.75. ‘°74"—$1,50) 
“80?°—$1,25. ‘'86”"—$1.00. ‘‘92"—75ce. *‘98’’ —50c. 

Should you desire to discontinue 
your subscription to the OSLOGIST your 
indebtedness to us is 50 cents less than 
the above amount. The figures are: 
according to our books Jan. 20, 1894, 
and renewals received since that date 
have been credited on our books, but 
not on the wrapper. 


From Mr. A. W. Baylis of Iowa we- 
have received a pair of the slickest 1894 
calendars that, as yet bas been our 
privilege to gaze upon.—Many thanks. 


The Young Oologist © The Oologist 


Comprising together the most popular magazine, devoted to Birds, thetr 
Nests and Eggs, ever published. 


Appreciating their value, the publishers have reserved a limited quantity of each 
issue to supply future demands. They have now, all told, 


LESS THAN FIFTY COPIES OF EACH ISSUE. 
Collectors will readily see the advisability of Completing their Files or obtaining a 
Complete Set at once! 

Back numbers will soon be exceedingly rare and valuable and possibly not obtainable at any price 


&=-O8CONTENTSSO@ 


The following table of contents enumerates some of the principal articles in each issue. The 
“short articles’ mentioned are one column or less in length and are all of great value to the 
student. 

Not mentioned in the list of contents, each issue contains one or two pages of “items” or 
“brief notes,’’? one column to four pages of exchange notices, and from three t» eight pages of 


advertisements, besides a ‘‘query column which occurs in many, although not all, issues. 


‘THE YOUNG OOLOGIST. 


VOLUMETI. Nos. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 12 each con- 
tain 16 pages. Nos. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10each contain- 
20 pages. No. 11 contains 36 pages. 

No. 1,—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs, 
(3 pages): Coues’ Key; Twenty-four short ar- 
ticles. May, 1884. 

No. 2.—Instructions for Collecting Birds’ Eggs, 
concluded, (2 pages) ; Painted Buntings; Cala. 
Mottled Owl; List of Birds Found at Mon- 
treal; 24 short articles. June, ’84. 

No. 3.—Maine Items; Yellow-headed Blackbird; 
Orchard Oriole; The Slip System; Wilson’s 
Thrush; Hand-book of Agassiz Association; 
23 short articles. July, ’84. 

No. 4.—Screech Owl; Importance of Identifica- 
tion; A La. Heronry; Cardinal Crosbeak; 
HRagle’s Nest; How to Make and Use Bird 
Lime; 14 short articles. Aug., 84. 

Wo. 5.—Bird-nesting—To Collect Scientifically, 
(8 pages); Cala. Birds; From Wyoming; 22 
short articles. Sept., ’84. 

No. 6.—Bobolink, (2% pages); Sea Birds of 
Maine; Egeing in Cala. Swamp; Old ‘‘Put” 
and the Bird’s Nest; List of Wisconsin Birds; 
12 short articles. Oct., 84. 

No. 7.—Bronzed Grakle; Singular Duel; Fish 
Hawk; Spurred Towhee and Least Tit; Old 
“Put” ana the Bird’s Nest; Bird Island; 14 
short articles. Nov., 784. 

No. 8.—The Alligator; Collecting in Marshes; 
Woodcock; ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts;” 
Iowa Notes; Redstart; Summer Redbird: 18 
short articles. Dec., °8. 

No. 9.—Baltimore Oriole; Texas Jottings; Sap- 
suckers; Barn Owl; American Ornithologists’ 
Union, (3 pages); How to Handle a Gun; 
Black-capped Titmouse; Egg of the Moa. Jan. 

No. 10.—Winter Wren; Cala. Duck Hunting; 
Screech Owl;Davie’s Egg Check List; Pea- 

‘ cock with Queer Tastes; White-bellied Nut- 

atch; Blue Jays; Spotted Robin Eggs; 8 

short articles. Feb., ’85. 

Wo. 11.—Bank Swallow; English Sparrows; 
Study of Birds; Gt. Horned Owl; Yellow- 
billed Cuckoo; Gambel’s Quail; Conn. Notes; 
Intelligence of the Oriole; Yellow-breast 
Chat; Maryland Yellow-throat; White- 
Rumped Shrike; List of Pacific Coast Birds; 
Knights of Audubon; Sample Data Blanks, 
(4 pages) ; 32 short articles. March, ’8. 

Wo. 12.—Completes Vol. I. Title pages for 
binding, with complete and exhaustive inex, 
(8 pages.) April, °85. 


VOLUME TI. consists of but two numbers. 
Each contains 32 pages. 

No. 138.—Bartram’s Gardens; South Carolina 
Observations, (6 pages); Scientific Names; 
Gt. Horned Owl; Bank Swallows; Knights of 
Audubon; Hummingbird; R. I. Notes; Texas 
Jottings; 30 short articles. May, ’85. 

No. 14.—American Crossbill; Audubon’s Birds 
of America; Ilincis Notes; Destruction of 
Birds; Cuckoos; Cala. notes; Wrens on the 
Warpath; Golden-winged Warbler; Fox 
Sparrow; Our Winter Birds: Snipe Creek; 
Red-head; Wisconsin Jottings; Burrowing, 
Owl, etc.; A Florida Trip; Horned Lark; 
Queer Homes and Nesting sites; Brave Bird 3, 
Ferruginovs Rough Leg; Sparrows; Pigmy 
Nuthatch; 26 short articles. June, ’85. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Volumes III. and IV. are Bi-Monthly. The 
remaining volumes are Monthly. 
VOLUME ITI. each issue averages 12 pages. 

No. 15.—F ull page Frontispiece.—American Wa- 
ter Ouzels and Nest; Chester Island and the 
Marsh Wrens; Birds of Cortland Co., N. Y., 
(44 pages); A Cheap Cabinet; Nest of the 
Black-and-white Creeper; Summer Birds 
about Washington, D. C.; Davie’s Nests and 
Eggs of N. A. Birds; Water Blowpipe; 5 
Short Articles. Jan. & Feb., ’86. 

No. 16.—Vagary of a Collector (Great Horned 
Owl, Climbing Strap); A,Hunt for Tern Eggs; 
Birds of Cortland Co.,'N. Y¥.; Notes from 
North Carolina; Whip-Poor-Will; Nest of the: 
Brown Creeper; Black-billed Cuckoo Deposit- 
ing Eggs in a Yellow-billed Cuckoo’s Nest; 
Cannibalism of the Red-headed Woodpecker ; 
23 short articles. March & April, 86. 

No. 17.—History of a Bird-Box; Tree Sparrow; 
Nests of the Green Heron; Bird Notes from 
Iowa; A Difficult Climb after a Red-tailed 
Hawk’s Nest; Review of the Check-Lists of 
N. A. Birds, with special Reference to the 
new A. O. U. List (3 pafes); The State of 
Maine as a Field for the Ornith@logist; 16 
short articles. May & June, ’86. : 

No. 18.—My first White Crane’s Nest; Spring 
Notes; Notes from Chester County, Pa.; 
Turkey Buzzards; How to Make a Cabinet; 
Chewink Nests in a Tree; A Cabinet fora 
large Collection; 13short articles. Jy.&Aug.,’86 

No. 19.—Collecting on Long Island; Chimney. 
Swift; A Day with the Loons; Illinois Bird- 
Notes; Marsh Wrens; A Plucky Wood Pewee: 


THE OOLOGIST. 


i 


Minnesota Notes; Yates County (N. Y.) 
Notes; 8 short articles. Sept. to Nov., 86. 

Wo. 20.—Completes Volugne 4if. Title pages for 
pinding, with complete and exhaustive Index 
of Volumes II. and III. Dec., 86. 

VOLUME IV.. Each issue averages 12 pages. 

No. 21.—Birds of Chester County, Penn. (10 
pages); Chestnut-sided Warbler; Massachu- 
setts Letter; Bills of Birds; 3 short articles. | 

No. 22.—Notes from Spoon River Region, Thli- 
nois; Peculiarities of the Ruby-throated 
Hummingbird; Purple Gallinule; How to 
Collect; Bird Surgery; Rufous-vented and 
Bendire’s Thrashers and Canon _Towhee; 
Newsy Items; Notes from College Hill, Ohio, 
Nesting of our Swallows; Notes from Sulli- 
van Co., N. Y.; Blue-Gray Gnatcatcher; 
Notes from Connecticut; Fidelity of the Song 
Sparrow; 13 short articles. March to May,’87. 

Nos. 23-24. Combined number,—Tour in the 
Woods at Fort Washington, Pa.; National 
Museum (Department of Birds, Nest and 
Higgs); Beaver County, Pa. Notes; Black- 
‘capped Chickadee; Hawking: Agassiz ASSo- 
ciation and its Work; Crow Roosts of New 
Jersey; Swainson’s, Warbler; Destroy the 
Cowbird; Traill’s and Acadian Flycatchers ; % 
short articles. June to Sept., 787. ; 

Nos. 25-26. Combined number,—Gannet; White 
Pelican; Black-capped Chickadee; Mocking- 
bird: Late Collecting; Yellow-breasted Fly- 
catcher; 5 short articles. Oct. to Dec., *87. 

VOLUME V. 16 pages each issue. 

No. 27.—Brown, 'tncasher; Bald Eagle; Shoot- 
ing a Golden Eagle, Florida Jottings: De- 
structive Nesting (English Sparrow) ; Arctic 
Terns; Notes from Lincoln County, Maine: 
Acadian Flycatcher; Red-shafted Flicker; 14 

“short articles. Jan., °85. 3 

No. 28.—Title pages for binding, with complete 
and exhaustive Index of Volume IV.; Egg ot 
Apyornis Maximus, the Colossal Bird of Mada- 
agascar (64% pages); Fish Crow. Feb., ’88.. 

No. 29.—Jcterus spurius,; Water Blowpipe, 
Cardinal Grosbeak; Kansas Notes; A Moon- 
light Trip; Among the Coots on St. Clair 
Fiats; Brown Thrush in Confinement, 9 short 

~ articles. March, ’88. ’ 

No. 320.—Boat-tailed Grackle; Destruction of 
our Native Birds (4 pages); Gleanings from 
Correspondence: Nest in a Horseshoe; 6 short 
articles. April, ’88. i 

No. 31.—Oology (Advice to Collectors); Bald 
Eagle; A Snipe Hunt; Notes taken at Norris- 
town, Pa.; Nidification of Ictinea mississippr- 
ensis; Among the Warblers; Chestnut-sided 

- Warbler: 6 short articles. May, °88. 

No. 32—Family fRallidae in Michigan (8% 
pages); Egg Collecting; Bird Voices; Road 
Runner: Motes on the Birds of Beaver, Pa.; 3 
short articles. June, ’83. Q 

No. oj.—Loon ow Great Northern Diver (2 
pages); Eggs of Mississippi Kite; Nesting of 
Prown Pelican; Breeding Habits of American 
Flamingo (3 pages); 3 short articles. July,’88. 
os. 24-35. Combined number.—Reriniscences 
of 1886; Trip to Seven MileBeach; Defense of 
ius; Micid Work In Waukesha Co., Wiscon- 
sin; Great Auk; Arkansas Notes; Black 
Snowbird; Notes for Collectors; Some of our 
Falconidae; Jim (A Tame Crow); Buffalo 
International Fair; 8 short articles. Aug.,Sep. 

Nos. 36-37. Combined number,—American Os- 
prey; A Day with the Gulls; Florida Notes; 
A Plea for the English Sparrow ; Useful Con- 
trivances; Game Laws; Notes from Lake 
County, Ohio; South Carolina Notes; A 
Pleasant Excursion; Sp..wrows and Cat; Her- 
mit Thrush; Western House Wren; A Few 
Words to Observers; Flying Squirrels Occu- 
pying Birds’ Nests ; 15 short articles.Oct.,Nov. 

Wo. 35.—Ostrich Farming ; An Afternoon’s Col- 
lecting Trip; California Notes; Notes from 
St. Lawrence Co., N. Y.; Bird-Arrivals in N. 


. 


BH. Indiana; Bank Swallow; Faunal Changes, 
—DeKalb Co., Indiana; Audubon Monument ; 
10 short articles. Dec., ’88 

VOLUME VI. 20 pages each issue. 

No. 39.—Title pages for binding, with Complete 
and Exhaustive Index of Volume V. ; Breed- 
ing Habits of the Bridled Tern ; Wood Thrush 
and Brown Thrasher; From Western North 
Carolina; Birds of Broome Co., N. Y.; Pecul- 
iar Egg of Corvus frugivorus; Cuckoos: Notes 
from Alabama; Carolina Parakeet; 12 short 
articles. Jan., 89. 

No. 40.—A Red-headed Family (Picidae) (6% 
pages); Raptores of Michigan; Wild Turkey ; 
Birds of lowa; The ‘‘Critic’’ Criticised; 8 
short articles. Feb., 89. 

No. 41.—Directions for making a Bird or Mam- 
mal Skin: The Owl; A Crow Quandary; 
Birds of Macon County, Ga. ; Collecting Ex- 
perience; Story of a Tame Crow; 6 short 
articles. March, ’89. 

No. 42.—Raptores of Michigan (8 pages) ; Nest- 
ing of the Tufted Tit; Peculiarities in Sets 
and Eges of a Few of our Commoner Birds ; 
Difference between White-rumped and Log- 
gerhead Shrikes; Birds of Grafton Co., N. 
H.; Sample Pages of Davie’s New Check- 
List: 6 short articles. April. 78). 

No. 43.—Avi-Fauna of Orleans County, N. Y. 


(64% pages): The Robin; The Crow in the 
North; Bald Eagle’s Mest: Making Bird 
Skins; 3 short articles. May, ’89. 


No. 44.—Birds ot Matthews Uo., Va.; Changes 
in the Nesting of Birds; Coilecting Tour in 
Wiorida; Nesting of Pygmy Owl; Difference 
between White-rumped and Loggerhead 
Shrikes: Black-billed Cuckoo in Dakota; 
Datas; Nest of Marsh Hawk; 4 short articles. 

No. 45.—Michigan Notes (4% pages) ; Arkansas 
Notes: Goldfinch in Confinement; Burrowing 
Owl: Our Reply; Gleanings from Correspond- 
ents; 5 short articles. July, ’89. 

No. 46.—Notes from Hillsborough Co., Florida 
(2 pages) : Shore Lark in Canada; Can Quails 
be Domesticated?; Red-tailed Hawk ; Untime- 
ly End of a Set of Brown-beaded Nuthatch 
EKggs; Broad-winged Hawk and Black-capped 
Chickadee; Gleanings from Correspondents ; 
Wilson Ornithological Chapter of the Agassiz 
Association: 4 Short articles. Aug., ’89. 

No. 47.—Old Abe” Jr.: A Day’s Collecting 
Trip; Bell’s Vireo; Black Tern; Yellow- 
rumped Warbler; An Automatic Blower, 
Flight of Ducks; White-eyed or Florida Tow- 
hee; Pygmy Owl; Cooper’s Hawk; 10 short 
articles. Sept., 89. 

No. 48.—Winter Birds of Kalamazoo County, 
Mich. (2% pages): American Long-eared 
Owl; Wood fbis in Illinois: Birds of Gertie 
Co., N. C.; Collecting in Western Florida: A 
White Sparrow; Nests and Eggs of North 
American Birds; Black Tern; § short articles. 

No. 49.—Thick-billed Grebe; Birds’ Nests; Yel- 
low-billed Cuckoo; Mechanical Egg Drill; 
Birds Moving their eggs: Cardinal Grosbeak : 
To Pack Eggs for Transportation; Disposal 
of Duplicate Specimens; Complete List of 
the Birds of North America arranged accord: 
ing to the A. O. U. Check-List (6 pages) 55 
short articles. Nov., ’89. 

No. 50.—Birds of Niagara County, N. Y.; Shore 
Lark; Incidents in Bird Life; Gleanings from 
our Correspondence: Marsh Hawk; Yellow: 
headed Blackbird; Northern Phalarope; 12 
short articles. Dec., ’89. 3 

VOLUME VII. 

No. 51.—Title pages for binding, with Complete 

and Exhaustive Index of Volume VI.; Notes 

on Florida Birds (8 pages) ; Ornithology and 

Bicycling; Audubon Ornithological Club; 

Florida Field Notes; Trip to Devil’s Glen: 

Simple Contrivance ; Capture of a Trumpeter 

Swan;4short articles. Jan., 90. { 

No. 52.—Breeding of the Brown-headed Nvt- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


hatch; Prairie Horned Lark; Collecting Ex- 
perience; Snowy Owl; Nest of the Texan Bob- 
white; Unusual Nesting of the Downy Wood- 
pecker; Evening Grosbeak; Blue-Gray Gnat- 
catcher and Tufted Tit: 6 short articles. Feb. 


No, 53.—Summer Residents of Buena Vista 
County, Iowa; In the Woods of Florida; 
Birds of Mackinac Island. Mich.; Among the 
Gulis on Isle Royale; Sandhill Crane; Even- 
ing Grosbeak; Ruby-crowned Kinglet; Cac- 
tus Wren; Screech Ow! in Captivity ; Taking 
Birds’ Nests; 11 short articles. March, 790. 


No. 54.—Caged Eagles: [evening Grosheak (2 
pages); Solitary Sandpiper; Summer Rea- 
bird; Notes from Rochester, Mich. ; Family 
Rallidae in Minnesota; Downy Woodpecker ; 
Hardly Ornithological, 10 short articles. Apr. 


No. 55..—Do Birds Mate More than Once?; 
Habits of the Evening Grosbeak; Pileated 
Woodpecker in Florida: Bird Protection; 
Chimese or Mongolian Pheasant in Oregon; 
Prairie Warbler; Winter Birds in Spring; A 
Valuable Work; Davie’s New Work on Taxi- 
dermy ; 12 short articles. May, ’90. 


No. 56.—Nesting habits of the American Oyster- 
catcher; Prairie Horned Lark ; Saw-Whet or 
Acadian Owl; Pine Warbler; Bluebird: Albi- 
nos; Pileated Woodpecker in Mahoning 
County. Ohio; Belligerent Neighbors. Re- 
cording the number of Birds Observed : Book 
Review ; Prospectus of the Worcester Natural 
History Camp (4% pages) ; 12 short articles.Je. 


No. 57.—American Crossbill; Crested Grebe? 
Voracious Mountain Trout: Yellow-billed 
Cuckoo; Long-tailed Chickadee; Rough- 
winged Swallow; Great Horned Ow]; Some 
Unusual Happenings; Pallas’ Cormorant; 
Eggs of Audubon’s Warbler ; 12 short articles. 


No. 58.—The Caprimulgidae in Arkansas: 
White-bellied Nuthatch; Strange Co-habita- 
tion: Variation in the Eggs of Habia ludovici- 
ana; King Rail in Minnesota; 8 short arti- 
cles. Aug., ’90. 


No. 59.—The Use of the Camera tn the Wiela:; 
Saw-Whet or Acadian Owl; Nesting of the 
Biack Snowbird: Marsh Hawk. Plain Tit- 
mouse: Lost Opportunities; The Magnolia 
Warbler; Wilson’s Plover at Home; 8 short 
articles. Sept., ’90. 


No. 60.—The Use of the Camera in the Field. 
A study of nests (6% pages, illustrated with 4 
photo engravings); The Flathead (Montana) 
Field; The Owls of San Bernardino Valley; A 
Coliecting Adventure, The Ruby-throated 
Hummingbird, Ornithologists at Indian- 
apolis; The Burrowing Owl: After ‘‘Gators’ 
Bees: Notes from Northern Minnesota. 
Oct, ’90. 


No. 61.—The Ruby-throated Hummingbird 
(Fairies in a Fairyland) (8% pages); Notes 
from Travis Co., Texas; A Week to Mt. Ham- 
ilton; Great Horned Owl; Strange Co-habita- 
tion; Brewer’s Blackbird; Nesting of Con- 
topus borealis in Maine; A Letter from Oliver 
Davie Relating to his New Work on Taxi- 
dermy; Notes on Ardea herodias, The Pro- 
thonotary Warbler; Nesting of the Virginia 
Rail; The Yellow Rail in Mich.; An Outline 
of the More Valuable Articles Appearing in 
the YOUNG OOLOGIST (3 pages) ; 7 Short arti- 
cles. Nov., ’90. 


No. 62.—The Rusty Blackbird; Notes from 
Ohio; Evening Grosbeak in New Hampshire; 
The Cala. Partridge or Valley Quail; Nothing 
at All—a Poem; Case for Instruments; Notes 
from ilang Lake, Florida; 3 short articles. 
Dec.. *90. 


VOLUME VIII. No. 63 contains 24 pages. 
No. 64, 32 pages. No, 66-67. 86 pages inclndiug 
cover. The balance, 20 pages, including covers 
Ne 74 also contains an additional 4 page in- 
set. 

No. 63.—A Day Among the Fish Hawks: The 
Marsh Wrens of Hudson Co., N. J.: Now,— 
The Time to Wage War on the English Spar- 
row; Nesting of the Downy Woodpecker in 
Kalamazoo Co., Mich.; American Sparrow 
Hawk; Anna’s Hummingbird; Was it a Cow- 
Bird's nest; Florida Red-shouldered Hawk; 
On Owl's Tenacity to Life; Western Horned 
Owl; Albino Eggs; An Afternoon with the 
Birds: A “Good Enough” Way to Blow Egg; 
Meeting of the A. O. U.; Expert Taxidermy; 
5 short articles. Jan. 91, 

No. 64.—Flycateher Notes; Collecting in the 
Marsh; House Finch; The Barred Owl; Yel- 
low-breasted Chat; Anna’s Hummingbird; 
Birds North of Their Usual Range; Egg Col- 
lecting—The Two Classes; A Perfect Collect- 
ino; Texas Notes; Nesting of Spinus pinus in 
the Northwest. Title pages for binding with 
complete and exhaustive ingex for Vol. vii. 
4 short articles. Feb. °?1. 

No. 66.—A New Year’s Soliloquy; Water Ougel; 
An Ornithological Paradise; ‘The English 
Sparrow Must Go”; Fond Mothers: Passen- 
ger Pigeon; The OOLOGIST: Caracara or Mex- 
ican Eagle; The Cooper’s Hawk; Some Harly 
Birds of Linn Co., Oregon; Broad-winged 
Bawk; The Extinction of Our Birds. Mar.’91 

No. 68-67.— Combined Number.—A List of the. 
Birds of Elgin Co., Ont.—(644 pages); Ran- . 
dom Notes onthe Belisd King-Asher; The 
Euglish Sparrow! A Few Articles for the 
Cellector; Screech Cwl; Western Meadow 
Iuark; Hermit Thrush; dves urdis. A Much 
Occupied Neat! The Whip-poor-will; Nesting 
of the Red-talled Hawk: Cooper’s Hawk: The 
Eagles of North America: Nesting of the 
Black-caypped Chickadee in Kalamazoo Co., 
Mich. ; Nesting of the Purple Finch: The Red 
eyed Vireo; Bird Lite of an Islet; Migration 
of the Canada Goose; Association of Azner'- 
can Ornithologists; Notes on the Wright's 
Flycatcher :8 short articles. Apr. and May "91. 

No. 62—The Hummingbirds of California; 
R Pheasant: The Carolina Wren; Ameri- 
can Dipper; A Trip to Pelican Island; Michi- 
gan Ornithology: A Duty to Porform: Great 
Eorned Owl; Wnemies of Our Feathered 
Friends; Queer. Neighbors; Bird Migration. 
June ’91. 

No. 69.—Some Florida Notes; The New Era in 
Ornithology; The Amusing Antics of a Pair 
of Brown "Thrashers; The Chewink in Or- 
leans County: The Yellow-billed and Black- 
billed Cuckoos; Changes in “Michigan Orni- 
thology; My First Nighthawk’s Nest; The 
Wrens of North Caroling: What causes the 
Quick Notes of the Whip-poor-will; A Better 
Report from Texas; Items of Interest from 
Florida; The American Osprey; Nesting of 
the Chestnut-backed Chickadee. July. 91. 

No. 70,—The Story of a Flood; Feeding the 
Birds in Winter; Nest and Eggs of the Ru- 
fous Hummingbird; The Chewink in Broome 
Co.. N. Y.; The Carolina Wren Again; A Trip 
to Smith’s Island; More About the Iowa Ha- 
gles; Some Notes on the Breeding of the Car- 
olina Snow-bird: Black and White Creepers; 
Nesting of the Sharp-shinned Hawk; Danger 
in using Arsenical Soap; Interesting Notes 
from Oregon: Answers to that Turkey Vul- 
ure Query; ‘‘Meadow Larks and Turkey Buz- 
zards; Seaside School of Biology; World’s 
Fair Notes: Aug. 91. 

No. 71.—The Black and White Creeping War- 
bler; An Indiana Herony; The English spar- 
row in Bay City, “Mich; Michigan Notes; 
Gambel’s White-crowned Sparrow; A Rap- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


bling Mixture from Connecticut; Henslows 
Sparrow: A Few Notes on Ornithology and 
Ornithologists ;The Ruby-throated Humming- 
bird; Of Interest to Oologists; How I Found 
a Killdeer’s Nest;Range of the Towhee; Owls 
as Pets; Michigan Notes; A Rose-breasted 
Grosbeak Widower; 5 short arts Sept. 791. 
No. 72.—The Sereech Owl; The Divers: In Fa- 
vor of an Organization: What is the Most 
Northern Latitude in Which the Chewink 
Breeds: Notes at Random; Ornithologists 
Association; Harlan’s Buzzard and the Red- 
tail; An April’s Outing; Eggs of the Sharpe’s 
Seed-eater; Shall We have a General Associ- 
ation of Scientists; A Trip to Cobb’s Island; 
One of Indiana’s New Laws; ‘‘Bird Nesting in 
Northwest Canada.” ‘Fremde Hire im Nest.” 
5 short articles. Oct. ’91 

No. 73.—The Great Carolina Wren; A Timely 
Letter: Western Robin; Western New York 
Naturalist’s Association; The Scissor-tailed 
Flycatcher; California Thrasher; Ornitholo- 
gist Association; Albino Birds; Chewink or 
“Chewee”; ‘Our Birds in Their Haunts’; 
The Lark Bunting; List of Birds Found 
Breeding in the Vicinity of Peoria Il1ls; 
World‘s Fair Notes; Relics by the Wagon 
Load. Novy. ’91 

No. 74.—The Sharp-shinned Hawk; A White 
Crow; The Pileated Woodpecker; Russet- 
packed Thrush; How Dr. M. Keeps His Oolo- 
gical Treasures; Thanksgiving Notes from 
the Far West; The Blue-gray Gnat-catcher in 
Arkansas;Shall We Organize; Bird Nesting 
in November; Frauds; A Further Contribu- 
tion to the Chewink Controversy; One Day’s 
Tramp; The Nest of the Chestnut-sided War- 
bler: The Gulls; The Carolina Parrot: Bar- 
tram’s Sandpiper; The Horned Grebe, 
World’s Fair Notes. This number also cor- 
tains a 4-page inset of Nuttal’s Ornithology. 
Mech 29k 

VOLUME Ix. 

No. 75—Bird Nesting in North-west Canada; 
Two Birds of Western Kansas; Ornitholo- 
gists Association; Western New York Natur- 
alists Association; The Blue Grosbeak; 
Maryland Yellow-throat; Chewink; The 
Bronzed Grackle, Prizes for Best Articles; 
Are Nesting Cavities Occupied More than 
Once; Old Recollections; Summer Tanager; 
“The Way ofthe Transgressor is Hard”’;*‘Our 
Birds in Their Haunts.”’ 5 short articles, this 
No. also contains a plate in two colors of 
Long Lake and Nests of Canvas-back and 
Yellow-headed Blackbird. Jan. ’92. , 
No. 76—Title pages for binding with complete 
and exhaustive index for Vol. VIII Zootomy 
—The Domestic Pigeon (Illustrated) ; Yellow 
Warbler; Black-throated Bunting; Four 
Birds of Oregon: My Trays; Pileated Wood- 
pecker; Notes on Albinoes; A Day’s Trip for 
Bald Eagle Nestsin Florida; Partridges and 
Their Relatives; Notes on Some Peculiar 
Eggs; Collecting on the Farallone Island; 
Our Winter Visitors;3 short articles. Feb- 
ruary ’92. 

No. 77 A Pair of Screech Owls at Home (an 
engraved Frontispiece) Zootomy—The Dom- 
estic Pigeon; Incessancy of the Yellow Warb- 
ler’sSong; Some of Our Thrushes; The Spec- 
imens I Didn’t Get; Notes from South-west- 
ern Ohio; A Day with the Ducks; A Trip 
Through ‘“Wa-hoo Hammock;” A True Nat- 
uralist; The Crow; Around Omaha; Early 
Nesting of the Great Horned Owl; A Trait of 
the Carolina Wren; Visiting a Bald Eagle’s 
Nestin Virginia; The Vireos of Connecticut; 
The Crossbill in Iowa; Notes from the Vir- 
ginia Coast; An Hour with the Water Birds; 
Holf-a-dozen short articies,notes, etc. March 


2s 
No. 78.—Sharp-shinned Hawk (Half-tone en- 
graving); Lanius Boreal’son Deck; A Vaca- 


tion with the Birds; The Ibis of Ledworth 
Lake; Notes on the Whip-poor-will; The 
Black Railin Franklin Co., Kans.; Albino 
Eggs of the Long-billed Marsh Wren; Notes 
from Nova Scotia; Scientific Names, Their 
Use and Beauty; Pointers on Making Bird 
Skins; Collecting on an European Islet; The 
Great Gray Owl; Collecting and Collectors; 
A Collecting Trip; Zootomy. The Domestic 
Pigeon; Prepare Your Specimens Well; 
Hleven short articles. April 92. 


No. 79.—Acanthis Linaria; Bird Notes from Or- 


egon; The Woodpeckers; Phainopepla or 
Black-crested Flycatcher; After Golden Kag- 
les: Among the *‘Blue-grays’”’; Treatment of 
Cases of Ivy Poison; A Trip After Beach 
Birds; Some of Our Louisiana Birds; A Step 
in the Right Direction; A Winter Acquain- 
tance; Are Crows Beneficial?; Spring Open- 
ers; The Wood Ibis; The Yellow Warbler’s. 
Song; Wilson’s Snipe; Notes from Southern 
Wisconsin; Eleven short articles. May ’92. 


No. 80.— A Taxidermist’s Camp (engraved 


Frontispiece) ; The Purple Finch; South Dak- 
ota Notes; Some of Our Visitors and Neigh- 
bors; The Black Vulture in Orleans Co.; A 
Day’s Collecting in California; The Turkey 
Vulture; The Purple Finch in Broome Co., 
N. Y.; Two rare nests, The Chestnut-sided 
Warbler; Six short articles. June ’92. 


No. 81.—A Quawk town; The Hairy Wood- 


pecker; Birds found Breeding in Bertie Co., 
No. Car.; California Bush-Tit; Nighthawks 
in Binghampton, N. Y.; Sitta Canadensis in 
Montana; A Few Notes on the Red-tailed 
Hawk; The Hummingbird in So. Car.; Five 
short articles. July °92. 


No. 82.—Collecting on Cobb’s Island: Va; The 


Ashy Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa) on 
the Farrallones; After the Yellow-billed Mag’ 
pie; An Oological Trip in Central Illinois; 
Iowa Notes: The Chicadee in Rutland Co., 
Vt; The Long-eared Owl; 5 short articles 
August ’92. 


No.83.—The Breeding Warblers of Western New 


York; A Tramp Through Wood and Marshes 
in Eastern Iowa; Acadian Flycatcher; the 
Prothonotary Warbler; Notes from Bexar 
Co. Tex; How I Spent Easter Sunday; A Cali- 
fornia Collecting Ground; Past Remin- 
iscences ; Six short articles. Sept. ’92. 


No. 84. The History and Mystery of Jacob 


Potter Jr.; A Day inthe Field; The Genus 

Thryothorus; The Californian Bush-Tit; A 

Ramble in May; Among the Hummingbirds; 

G collecting Expedition; Five short articles. 
ct. °92. 


No. 85.—Osteology for Amatuers; Buzzard 


Island; Winter Visitors: The Chestnut-collar- 
ed Longspur; Fringilladae in Newton, Mid- 
dlesex County, Mass.; The Birds in Bush 
Fields in Summer; Some Trips for Hawks. 
Eggs. November ’92. 


No. 86.—‘‘Cut of Eggs of California Murre’’; 


Professional Egging; or the Collecting of 
Murre’s Eggs In California; A Collection of 
North Carolina Birds Eggs; Report of West- 
ern New York Naturalists Association; Two 
Western Birds; The Fascination of Oology ; 
To the Ornithologists of Dliinois; Cerulean 
Warbler. December ’92. 


No. 87.—A Field Naturalists Outfit; Tne Gold- 


en Swamp Warbler; Bird Nesting in an 
Illinois Swamp; Birds as Pets (One Way of 
Taming Them); The Osprey in Florida and 
Other Notes; Notes from Isabella Co.. Mich; 
The Birds Which Breed in Central Park, New 
York Clty; Two Warblers; A Collection of 
North Carolina Birds Eggs ; Wanted—Advice, 
Twoshort articles. January 798. 


No. 88.—The American Osprey; A summer 


Ramble; Some Sparrows in Minnesota; Col- 
lecting in Chicago; Scientific Osteology for 
Amateurs; A Collection of North ‘Carolina. 


THE OOLOGISY. 


Birds Eggs; The Sooty Grouse; California 
Vulture; A Lucky Day; Winter Collecting or 
Something about Owls; The Sagacity of Fish 
Hawks: American Gosbawk in Illinois; Tb 
Yellow Palm Warbler; Collecting Black Vul 
tures Eggs; Twenty-one Short Notes. Ieb 
ruary “93. 

No. 49 —Chat and Cliff Swallow; The Herons of 
Michigan: The Winter Visitors of Central 
Park, N. Y.; Another Day with the Birds of 
Southern California; The Loggerhead Shrike 
of Florida: How to Prepare a Bird Skin; A 
Trick of the Crow; Notes on Cathartes Aura; 
The American Bittern; The Barred Owl: 
Hints on Skinning and Mounting Birds: 
Great Horned Owl in Iowa; Four short 
articles. March 793. 

No. 90.—RAPTORES OF MICcHIGAN—American 
Sparrow Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, etc.: A 
Collector’s Gun:The Rough-winged Swallow: 
A Criticism; Nesting of the Blue-winged 
Yellow Warbler; scenes From the Lite of 
Alexander Wilson—Wilson in = Scotland; 
Queer Myths about Birds; Band-tailed Pig- 
eons; Caspian or Imperial Tern; A Tri- 
eolored Blickbird; Another: California Trip: 
Tllino’s River Valley from an Ornithological 
Standpoint; Tribulations of the Oovologist 
(Poetry); ‘'wo short notes. April 7938. 

No. 91. On the Habits of the Calitornia Quail 
in New Zealand; Courtesy and Business in 
Exchanging; The Raptores of Omaha and 
Vicinity: A Few Hints on Camping; Short- 
billed Marsh Wre2; The Prairie HornedLark; 
Plumage; Canadian Birds; Scenes from the 
Life of Alexander Wilson—His Early Ameri- 
can Career; Among the Snake Birds: Tri- 
nominal Nomenclature; Fifteen short ar- 
ticles. May 793. 

No, 92.—Taking tae Eggs of the Peregrine 
Falcon: Remarkable Flight of Geese; A Trip 
for Loon’s Eggs; Scenes from the Life of 
Alexander Wilson—Wilson and Bartram the 
Naturalist; Floridian Races; The Embry- 
ology of a Bird: How to Visit the World’s 
Fair;A FewMoreHints onScientiticOsteology ; 
Seven short articies. June 793. 

No. 938. A Study in Orange and Black; Birds 
as Pets; A Heroury: Notes from Yamhill 
Co , Oregon; Rare Nesting; Scenes from the 
Life of Alexander Wilson—The Planning of 
His American Ornithology; The Chimney 
Swift; Among the Least Bitterns: The Amer- 
ican Magpie; The Pintail Duck. July 793 

No. 94.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander 
Wilson Journey to tne Falls of Niagara; 
Twice used Hummingbird’s Nests. Notes on 
the Nesting Habits of the Scissor-tailed Fly- 
catcher: Nesting Habits of the Hades Plung- 
er; The History of a Cowbird’s Egg; Black 
Tern; The Plumed Partridge: The -Long- 
erested Jay in Colorado: Hash; A Mammoth 
Egg; Twelve short articles. August ’93. 

No. 95.—Scenes from the Life of Alexander 
Wilson—The Progress of His Undertaking; 
The American and Least Bitterns in Henry 
Co., Ill.: Cruising and Science; The Rose- 
breasted Grosbeak at Home: A Narrow Es- 
cape: The Sap-sucker; The White-tailed Kite 
and Prairie Faleonin California; The Fair; 
Four short articles. September ’93. 

No. 96.—Seenes from the Life of Alexander 
Wilson—The First Volume of the American 
Ornithology; Raptores of Michigan—Broadad- 
winged Hawk. Red-shouldered Hawk, etc.; 
Auld Lang Syne; The Marsh Hawk and Its 
Eggs; The American Woodcock; Nesting 
Habits of the Baird’s and Carolina Wrens in 
Travis Co., Texas; Death of B. F. Goss; A 
Day in the Wocds; Bird Wit and the Lack 
of It. October ’93. 

No. 97.—Some Notes on the Wild Turkey; 
Raptores of Michigan—American Rough- 
legged Hawk, Golden Eagle, Bald Eagle, 


American Long-eared Ow], ete.: With wvhe 
Prairie Warbler; Migration: Sharp-shinned 
Hawk: Shore Birds at Lake Roland and Loch 
Raven, Baltimore Co., Md.; The Game Bird 
of the Prairie; Sora and Virginia Rails; 
Eight short articles. November 7°93. 

No 98.—Collecting at Night (Poetry); Oology: 
Not a Criticism; A Nest of the Canvas- 
back; Scenes from the Life of Alexander 
Wilson—His Southern Subscription Tour; 
Notes on the Birds of Henry Co, Iowa; 
Raptores of Michigan-—Short-eared Owl, 
Barred Owl, Saw-whet Owl, etc.; A Peculiar 
Nesting Site; Six shortarticles. December 
93 

No. 99.—Title pages for binding with acom- 
plete and exhaustive index for Vol. X; Rap- 
tores of Michigan—Screech Owl.GreatHorned 
Owl: A Collecting Trip in Florida; Western 
Warbling Vireo; The OOLOGIST’S Exhibit of 
Birds Eggs at the World’s Columbian Ex- 
position—A Complete Li-t of the Exhibitors 
and the Sets They Exhibited (614 pages): 
January ‘94. 


—— > 


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THE OOLOGiSY. 


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This new museum is located on Falls street, only a te w steps from R. 
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less than $1.00 to $1.50 each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly in- 
ferior views of this size. Portfolios Nos. 1 to 4 are now ready. Cut out the 
coupons on this page and mail them to the office of the OdLoGisT, with TEN CENTS 
each in ‘stamps or silver, and you will get either or both as you may order. Should 
you desire Portfolios Nos. 1 and 2 you will find the Coupons in the January 
Oprocisr. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail. 


L Yad Vad ad ah bad Tad Vad Yah Dab lab tab Vad Vab-Lal Dab lad Vad Lah ab Vad Veh Vad lab Vad Lab Val 


COUPON FOR PORTFOLIO NO. 4, & 


The Oo.Loaist’s Historical Art Series 
OF Wine 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, 
Entitled: Vine Magic City. : 
Cut out this Coupon and mail it to ine § 
3 OOLOGIST, with ten cents instampsor silver 


a and receive Portfolio No. 4. 
ea a a a a a a a a 


World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, 
entitled: The Magic City. 


Cut out this Coupon and mail to the OOLo- 
GIST with ten cents instamps or silver, and 
receive Portfolio No. 3 

bY) Vad Vad Vad Vab Vad bad Vad Vad Yah Vad bad Vab Lab bab tad Dab Pad bab Tab bad Dah Yad bab Vad) 


L 
; OF THE 
: 


wy PP PP 


aa ad waa Ra Sa aa 


wi 


64 THE OOLOGIST. 


IS A LARGE SUM 
TO HAVE 


ED UP” 


In Shells, Curios, Specimens, 


and Souvenir Goods. 


during these close times—especially so if one needs the money and 
this stock is a surplus one. 

The above hits our case exactly and we have move than this 
amount ‘‘tied up’ insurplusstock at our Chicago Store. The World’s 
Fair is no more. We do not need the goods in Chicago, neither do 
we need them back East, and furthermore do not care to go to the 
expense of shipping them there. 

If you wish to invest (or know of anyone who does,) say $5, $10, 
$25, $50, $100, $500, $1,000 or more, in Specimens, Curios, Sup- 
plies, or anything we have left in Chicago, either for your own col- 
lection, your school or college cabinet, a stock for the Holidays (up- 
on which we can guarantee you to double your money,) or upon a 
full and complete Dealer's stock, we now offer you an opportunity 
to make such purchases at prices never before thought of. In fact 
on nice large orders we would be tempted to sell at nearly 


50 per cent. Less 
Than Ordinary Wholesale Prices. 


Let us know your wants a¢ once, and we will quote you prices up- 
on which you cannot help but make a profit of from 100 to 500 per 
cent., or if for a cabinet, we can save you many dollars. : 

Address us at either Albion, N. Y., or No. 3,571 Cottage Grove 
Ave., Chicago, or if within too miles of either place, call. It will 


pay you. 
Faithfully, 


F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


& 


Aer 
Wi ZT!) SRARVRD EIR s 
2 = $ 
a 
* 
DB ) Q) es 
ESS 4 e weeny, 
P| %e, 
% 


cat 


Monthly. 


VOL. XI. NO. 3. 


oe : 
) 


ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, 1894. 


50c. per Year. “sy 


C 


WHOLE No. 101 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” “For Sales,” inserted in this department 


‘for 50¢ per 35 words. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 


word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms, cash with order. 
«“‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 


WANTED.—200 cocoons of Luna, 300 of Poly- 
~phemus, 200 To at once. See my ‘‘ad.”. PROF. 
CARL BRAUN, Naturalist, Bangor, Me. 


WANTED.—A Remington Cane Gun 22 cal., 
address stating lowest price. S. K. BROWN & 
SON, 20 E. Penn. Ave., Washington, D. C. 


“Enclosed find ‘copy’ and ‘cash’ ($1.00) for 
two advs. in March OoLoGisr. Those little 
‘ads.’ pay good dividends.”” H.H. FELT, Chi- 
- Cago. 


LINCOLN WANTED. Relics, manuscripts, 
letters, prints, etc.. etc. of Abraham Lincoln, 
address C. F. GUNTHER. 212 State St., Chi- 
“cago. 


WANTED .—Good skins of Snowy. Hawk, 
Saw-whet. Tengmalm’s and Screech Owls, Yel- 
low-legs, Knot, Curlew Sandpiper, Esquimaux 
-Curlew, Osprey. Swallow-tail Kite.Duck Hawk, 
Richardson’s Merlin and others, can offer fine 
skins and eggs from North-west Canada and 
Iceland. WALTER RAINE, Toronto, Canada. 


FOR SA LE.—One good collection of coins 


and paper money, many very rare. Also one 
of Indian relics and other curiosities. Will sell 
‘cheap forcash. Value fifty dollars. Will take 


twenty-five. All correspondence answereil. 
M. M. SMART, Plainfield, Wis. 


LEATHER STOCKING TALES.—One large 
400-page vol. by mail, postpaid, for 35c. 
Craig-Davidson Publishing Co., Helena, Mont. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Mounted birds and Mam- 
mals, Game heads. etc.,for birds and mammals 
in the meat, fresh skins or Photo Outfit. JOHN 
CLAYTON, Lincoln, Maine. 


TIN QUARTZ. ‘Fine Cabinet Specimens” 
by mail 25c. Also Bad Land specimens cheap. 
JOHN CASHNER. City Treasurer, Spearfish, 

o. Dak. 


I HAVE Vols. XLIX and L of Harper’s Mag- 
azine (74 & ‘75) well bound to exchange for 
books on Ornithology, Taxidermy, etc. Ad- 
dress, STAR COX, No. 5 Longfellow St., Dor- 
chester, Mass. 


STAMP COLLECTORS —Try our 10 cent 
packets. They contain 50 fine varieties, or 150 
assorted stamps, from Mexico. Spain, Cuba, 
Guatemala, Jamaica and other countries. 
State which packet. MEEKER-TOWE STAMP 
co.. P. O. Box 296., Bridgeport, Conn. 


WANTED.—A copy of Bendire’s ‘“‘Life Histo- 
ries of North American Birds.” Can offer good 
exchange in first-class sets, a first-class spy- 
glass and cash. C. A. PROCTOR, Worcester 
Academy, Worcester, Mass. 


TOMAHAWK PIPES.—I have for sale a few 
fine Indian Stone Tomahawk Pipes. Handle 
and all is stone and they are finely decorated. 
Prices $2.50, $3.00 and $3 50. Also knives,handle 

-and blade one solid piece of stone, about 10 in. 
long, price $1.00. Indian Stone Pipes, bowl and 
handle both stone and very fancy carving.three 
kinds. price $1.10, $150 and $1.75. GHO. W. 
DIXON, Lock Box 381, Watertown, S. Dakota. 


THE MICROSCOPE is a 24 paged monthly 
magazine containing pictures of minute objects 
highly Magnified and explained. Price $1.00 
per year, 9 cents for Sample copy. We make 
an extraordin«ry offer for 30 days only to send 
‘the 24 numbers of two years to any new sub- 
seriber wbo remits a dollar, or we will enter 
you for the balance of this year for sixty cents. 
The special premium which we give to sub- 
seribers enclosing stamped envelope for it is 
some earth containing Diatoms (Nature’s Jew- 
‘els)) MICROSCOPICAL PUBLISHING CO. 
“Washington. D. C. 


ONE HUNDRED Microscopists wanted who 
will each send 60 cents in stamps for a slide of 
Human Muscle containing encysted Trichinac. 
If slide is not satisfactory, return it, and I will 
return money. FRANK S. ABY, State Uni- 
versity, lowa City, Iowa. ; 


WANTED—Hornaday’s Taxidermy. Will 


give in exchange all of the following eggs, sets 


1-2, 3-3 American Osprey and sets 2-2 Turkey 
Vulture. The above are strictly first-class. M. 
C. WHITE, Mathews, Va. 


WANT TO EXCHANGE.—Blue Jays mount- 
ed on fancy decorated stands, ‘‘Beauties.” On 
receipt of eggs in sets, first-class only, to 
amount of $2.50—will send one nice Jay prepatd. 
CHAS K. REED, No. 262 Main St., Worcester, 
Mass. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.” 


66 THE OOLOGIST. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Good Watch. cost 
$15; also cancelled Columbian stamps for Coues’ 
Key, revised edition or best offer in skins or 
eggs with data. C. H. EVANS, Townshend, Vt. 


STAMPS.—25 varieties 6c.. 51) varieties 10c., 
200 assorted 10c., 500 finely assorted 25c., 15 wwn- 
used varieties including Spain, Switzerland, 
Heligoland, Italy, Bavaria, Cuba. Philippine 
Islands. ete. 25e. ROWARD M. GILLET, Leb- 
anon Springs, N. Y. 


J HAVE Birds Skins Mammal Skins. Mount- 
ed Deer Heads. Bison Heads, flint arrows and 
old flint lock pistols, live Hawks. Owls, 
Foxes, Coons, Porcupine and other specimens 
to exchangeor sell. C. F. FITE, Denver. Ind. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Birds in the meat this 


winter. Parties who are interested please 
write. No cards. CHARLES BARBER, La 
Porte, Ind. é 


TO EXCHANGE.—400 varieties foreign 
stamps in International Album. for New Eng- 
land bird skins or good book on Ornithology. 
R.M. MANDELL, Washington St., Newton, 
Mass. 


SHOES.—W. L. Douglas $3and $4 shoes. Any 
size. Best Shoes in the world for collectors. 
Make offers of Eggs and Sets __AJl letters an- 
swered. DELBERT S. MUSSER, Anderson, 
Ind. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Birds eggs. 32 cal. Rifie 
and Stylographic Pen fora good Camera. All 
communications answered. GEO. GRAHAM, 
P.O. Drawer C., Gainesville, Fla. 


STAMPS.—To exchange for eggs. naturalists 
periodicals. etc. Send your list and get mine. 
KERR & PERHAM, Sandwich, Ill. 


GIST unsurpassed. and aS a magazine, invalu- 
able to the collector. I have received not less 
than 100 auswers to my exchange notices and 


have had Satisfaction in every respect. E. R. 
Scongale, Ft. Worth, Tex. 
TO EXCHANGE.—2800 old U. S. adhesive 


and envelope stamps worth over $35, for Eggs 
in singles. send your lists and receive mine. 
FRANK H. LORD, Saranac, Ionia Co., Mich. 


CAMERA, Roll of Films, World’s Fair Pho- 
tographs and Cash to exchange for Printing 
Press, Views. Specimens. Skins. Eggs or offers. 
WILL D. WOOD, Burlington, Mich. 


WANTED. Good clean stamps from Bar- 
badoes, Brunswick, Mauritius. Newfoundland. 
Nova Scotia, Uraguay. etc. Will give stamps 
inexchange. HOWARD M. GILLETT, Leb- 
anon Springs, N. Y. 


VICK’S FLORAUG GUIDE, 1894.—It contains 
descriptions that describe, not mislead; illus- 
trations that instruct, not exaggerate. This 
year it comes tousinasuit of gold. Printed 
in eight different colors besides black. Colored 
plates of Chrysanthemums, Poppies and Vege- 
tables. On the front cover is a very exquisite 
bunch of Vick’s New White Branching Aster 
and on the back is the New Double Anemone: 
112 pages fflled with many new novelties of 
value as well as all the old leading varieties of 
fiowers and vegetables. We advice our friends 
who intend doing anything in the garden this 
year to consult Vick before starting operations. 
Send 10 conts to James Vick’s Sons, Rochester 
N. Y , for Vick’s Guide, it costs nothing, as you 
can deduct the 10 cents from first order. It cer- 
tainly will pay you. 


' data for sale very cheap 


WANTED.—-To exchange, a 25 cal Steven's: 
rifle, with globe and peep sights, in fine con- 
dition for a Marlin 82, or for cash. lL. A. 
BEHRENS, Ivoryton, Conn. 


J HAVE South-western eggs in sets with 
Parties meaning: 
business write me. I wanta copy of ‘‘Ridge- 
way’s Nomenclature of Colors,’’ will give eggs 
forit. H. SAYLES, JR.. Abilene, Tex. 


From having my name placed in your col-- 
umns for a short time I receivedso many letters. 
and cards, asking for my list of eggs, that it. 
took all my spare time to answer them. I was. 
greatly repaid ror so small an outlay. O. EF. 
Crooker, Madison, Wis. 


FOR every first-class set eggs with data sent 
me will send twice its value in stainps at Scott's. 
prices. Rarer the eggs. rarer the stamps. 
H. C. HIGGINS, Cincinnatus, N. Y. 


I HAVE numbers 18-52. Vol. ix, Vol. x, 1-12 
Vol xi, of the Golden Days, to exchange for 
books on Ornithology or Oology. H. UW, JOHN- 
SON, Pittsfield, Mafne. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Law on Promissory Notes. 
by Story. in gcod condition. original cost $5.50, 
for best offer in first-class sets. FERD. F. 
BALL, Sterling, Kansas. 


NOTICE.—I will nay the following for can-- 
celled Columbian stamps, 1 and 2 cent envel- 
opes 25 cts. per hundred (square Cut); 3, 4,5 and 
10 cts.. 50 cts. per hundred; 6 and 8 cts. Col. 2 
cts. each; 15 ct. Col. 4 cts. each; 30 ct. Col. 5 cts. 
each. CHAS. G. COLLINS, Box 431, Garden 
City. Kas. 


Through a single exchange notice in the. 
Oo.Locist I exchanged $50 worth of eggs, there- 
by adding 75 sets tomy collection. and corres- 
ponding with collectors in 15 different states 
and in Canada. Always ready for a good word 
for the OoLoersr. W. I. Comstock, Norwalk,. 
Ct. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A Frank Wesson 44 cal. 
rifle and some U. S. and foreign coins to ex- 
change for eggs in sets with data. GHORGE P. 
ROWELL, 95 Atlantic St., Stamford. Ct. 


TO EXCHANSH.—Sketching camera or card 
printing press for best offer in climbing irons 
(strapped), eggs, books, Oologist instruments, 
etc. Write at once. F. R. WENGER, Con-- 
cord. Illinois. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.--A 22 cal. Reming-- 
ton Rifle, cost $8.50; good as new, for Coues’’ 
Key or cash. EF. A. COLBY, Beatrice, Neb. 


TO EXCHANGE.-—A 12 ga. double barreled 
breech loading shot gun. for stamps; and 550 
different stamps for eggs or trays. BERYL, 
HODGE, Sterling, Kans 


My notice has paid me wonderfully. E. EK. 
N. Murphy, Augusta, Ga. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Wo0o0d carving tools, nov- 
els, magazines, cigarette pictures and single 
eggs for first-class eggs in sets and rare stamps... 
CHAS. L. BARTLETT, 331 S. West St., Gales— 
burg, Ills. 


$1.00 to $300. of crystalized and other fossils.to-- 
exchange for skins. coins. eggs. SS curios, 
Indian relics, insects, etc. GUY CONLEY, 
1400 Colorado St., Austin, Tex. 


When answering advertisements. 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.” 


THE OOLOGIST. 67 


THE NATURALIST is a large 16-page 
monthly magazine devoted to oology. geology, 
archeology and all branches of natural his- 
tory. Only 50cents per year. Free exchange 
column. Sample copy free. HERBERT 
STERZING, Austin, Texas. 


SHOT-GUN FOR SALE!—Single barrel 
breech-loader in fine order. Twist barrel and 
top action. A fine shooter and ecsst*$12. For 
particulars write quick. Singles to exchange 
for sets. HERBERT GREENE, Montclair, N. 
J. 


TO KXCHANGE.—An accordeon, complete 
seroll saw outfit, $3 target pistol and skate~ for 
eash. Wanted dumb bells. Would like eggs 
in sets, curios. for Waterbury watch, Chain, 
charm, old revolver and old papers and maga- 
zines. FRED ROBERTS, Postville, Iowa. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Zoological report, Texas 
to the Pacific, by Baird, Giraud and Heermann. 
200 plates—many colored plates of birds. Also 
eggs with Foreign and American collectors. 
A. E. PRICE, Grant Park, Ill. 


NOTICE.—What have you to offer for some 
live California Quail in healthy condition in 
singles or pairs. Can be shipped very light. 
OTTO J. ZAHN, 427 So. Hope St, Los Angeles, 
Cal. 


SECRET POW £R—The divine in man. Hyp- 
notism is the key which unlocks the Secret of 
its developement and use. “How to Win!,’ 
Price $2. Send 1 with order and agree to pay 
balance upon rece’pt of book. Circulars free. 
Address PROF. ANDERSON, Masonic Temple. 
Chicago. 


Ihave had exchanges in your paper and have 
been greatly pleased with them. I have added 
nearly $100 worth of eggs to my collection and 
am yet exchanging. Had I more specimens I 
could easily have dispo-ed ofthem. Tosay I 
was pleased expresses it lightly. R. A. Camp- 
bell, Hanover, N. H 


FOR EXCHANGE.— Pair lady’s roller skates, 
minerals, invisible and sympathetic inks to ex- 
change for best offer ineggs. HARRY KEIL- 
HOLTZ, Rising Sun, Cecil Co., Maryland. 


WANTED.—AIl values Columbians; 1890 is- 
sue, 8c. up; Southern fresb water shells and 
fossils for fossils, shells and marine speci- 
mens. D. H. EATON, Woburn, Mass. 


FOR EXCHANGE:—$25.00 in scientific books 
magazine and Common eggs (sets and singles) 
for Coues’ Key or Ridgewav’s Manual, single 
breech-loading shot gun and freld glass. Send 
description and get list. All answered. 
STEPHEN J. ADAMS, Cornish, Maine. 


I received not less than fifty answers to my 
advertisement and have made exchanges from 
all parts of the U.S. W.L. Ft. Collins, Colo. 


WANTED!—A printing press, chase 6x8, 
type and printing material, I have for ex- 
change for the above 1000 rare Chinese coins 
that are over 500 years old, rare and desirable 
first-class birds eggs, minerals, shells and oth- 
er valuable curiosities. Write stating what 
you have and I will make you a good offer. 
Address C. M. HATFIELD, Oakland, Cal. 


$15 WORTH of 5, 10 and 25 cts. specimens of 
minerals, Indian relics, shells, and fossils to 
exchange for best offer of fine minerals (large) 
and petrified woods, or Indian relics. Speci- 
mens are good but duplicates of what I have in 
my collection. A few large fine fossil shells 
wanted. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D. 


TO EXCHANGE for Ist class single eggs, 
Wood’s Natural History, 4-keyed flute, nearly 
new, skin of black woodchuck. rave. All an- 
swered. ERNEST H. SHORT. Chili. N. Y. 


WANTED:—Vol. I of the Audubon Magazine. 
Also have- 
eggs to exchange for first class bird skins. R. 


the OOLOGIST than from all the rest put togeth- 
er and [ shall continue to advert.seinit. C. 
W. Hillman, Canisteo, N. Y. 


I HAVE first-class climbing irons strapped 
complete for $2.00, first-class drills for $.50a 
doz. or { will exchange for Indian relics. sets or 
curios. CLARENCE H. WATROUS, Chester, 
Middlesex Co., Conn. 


EGGS IN, SETS:—During the coming season 
I wll collect fine, positively indentified sets of 
this locality. Those wishing to exchange fine 
sets for same please write. HORACE A. GAY- 
LORD, Pasadena, Cal. 


TO EXCHANGE: A fine colored plate (22x 
28 inches) of Prairie Chickens and Duck (life 
size) supposed to be hanging by feet from a 
peg for $2.00 worth of eggs in sets. Send list 
of what you have. PERCY D. GETTY, 301 N. 
Main St , Bloomington, Ill. 


Judging from the success of an advertisement 
which’ I had inserted in the July number I de- 
sire to say, that I received replies from all 
parts of the country. from Maine to California, 
and succeeded in making many valuable ex- 
changes. An advertisement inserted in the 
OoLoGistT will accomplish all that can be ex- 
pected. D.B. Burrows, Lacon, Til. 


COINS WANTED:—Foreign and U. §S 
silver or copper. i 


Must be in good condition. 
Especially desire U. S. half cents and large ~ 
U.S. cents to complete series. Have to offer 
thirty large cents. half dimes, old half dollar, 
etc. Will buy at reasonable rates. D. B. 
ROGERS, Wa-Keeney. Trego Co., Kan. 


READ THIS:—Every person sending me an 
U.S. cent dated before 1859 or a half dime or a 
dime dated before 1874 I will send 25c worth 
of fine foreign stamps, valued at 2 to 10 eents 
each, foreach coin. First person sending will 
receive $1.00 worth of.stamps free. Send quick. 
Rare coins bought for cash. Send list. Also 
taxidermist tools for sale cheap, for cash. W. 
Be JOHNSON, 123 W. Brooks St., Galesburg, 

ll. 


I received So many letters and cards from my~ 
exchange notice in the OOLOGIST?, that I could 
not answer them all. In order that you may 
judge of the number of letters received.I would 
say, that 7 covered a chair completely with the- 
stamps taken from the letters thus received. 
L. V. Case, Naples, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE for eggs in sets. the fol- 
lowing sets with data. A. O. U. Nos. 488 1-5, 
755 1-4, 510 1-8. 5061-2, 4981-2, 106 10-1, 4121-5, 
581d 1-2, 704 1-4, 477 1-4, 444 1-3, 7611-3, 721 1-6, 
30a 1-1, 622a 1-3. 519 1-3, also Singles Nos. 560, 604, _ 
624, 511, 211, 212, 622a, 721, 766, 378, 200, 70, 506, 
74, 199, 300, 378, 581, 687, also lot of foreign and 
U:'S stamps in album, catalogue value $18.00, 
and a card printing press with four fonts of © 
type. All letters answered. CHARLES A. 
ELY, Perrineville, Monmouth Co., N. J. 


When answering advertisements. 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”’ 


“G8 THE OOLOGIST 


TO EXCHANGEH.—Winchester Repeating 

Rifle 22 cal. nearly new, for southern or west- 

-ern sets. H. H. SPICER, 596 Woodward, Ave., 
Detroit, Mich. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class common sets 

- of this locality, with data, for same. With col- 

Jectors in other states. Address, WM. L. AT- 
KINSON, San Jose, Cal. 


I received almost 100 answers to my ad. in 
_your paper. It is the best advertising medium 
Lever used. .G. B. Bennett, Terra Haute, Ind. 


TO EXCHANGE. Very desirable first-class 

» sets and Singles with datas, of this community, 

for first-class Western and Southern eggs. 
“CHARLES WARNER, Mackinaw, IL1. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fine eggs in sets and sin- 
les, Skins, stamps and books. JOHN W. 
ITT, 169 Broadway, Indianapolis, Ind. 


EXCHANGE.—52 in. Columbian Light Road- 

' ster Bicycle in fine running order for best offer 

in books, fire arms or skins. All letters an- 

» swered. Cash value of wheel is $25. HORACE 
A. FELL, 3658 Dearborn St. Chicago, I11. 

WANTED.—Collectors of Insects in every 

State of the Union. See my ‘‘ad.”. PROF. 
“CARL BRAUN, Naturalist Bangor, Me. 


One advertisement of Coleoptera brought me 
Six letters of inquiry, In three weeks, closed 
“out the last I had, and have to answer letters 
still coming in ‘‘Specimens all gone.”  F. 
Hodge, Hudson, O. 


WANTED:—An egg cabinet. a set of No. 549 
and books on ornithology. I offer a solid silver 
hunting case watch, sets of Nos. 325 1-2. 352 2-2, 
417 1-2 and part cash on the cabinet. WM. H. 
BELL, West Point, Va. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Two good egg drills or 
150 postage stamps for every set of birds eggs 
with data sent me. Address, CLARENCE 
LUTHER, P. O. Box 822, Fayetteville, Ark. 


MOUNTED BIRDS, Skins, Eggs and other 
“specimens exchanged for Printing Press, Type. 
*““Hornaday’s Taxidermy,’’ Collecting Tube, 
Lathe or Skins. DELBERT MEIXSELL, 
Pekin. Illinois. 


OOLOGISTS WANTED. -—Vol. 5, Nos. 1 to 6 
and 10to 12. Papers and book for above, and 
for many other papers. R. H. ROCKWOOD, 
Waterville, Maine. 


TO EXCHANGE:—Nicely mounted Birds 
for best offers of eggs in sets; Hawks, Grouse 
~and Quail preferred. I have Barred, Horned. 
Snowy and Screech Owls; Goshawk, Broad- 
winged, Sharp-shinned and Cooper’s Hawks; 
Peacock; White Pelican; Blue Herons; etc. 
CHAS. K. REED, No. 262 Main St., Worcester, 
Mass. 


The results obtained from my recent exchange 
notices in the OOLOGIST bave been entirely sat- 
isfactory. I have rece!'ved more than a hun- 
dred communications. embracing nearly every 
seCtion in the Union,from Maine to Florida and 
from the Atlantic to the Pacific. I know of no 
other paper as an advertising medium in which 
such results could be obtained at such small 

cost. M. C. White, Mathews, C. H., Va. 


FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE —Second-hand 
self-inking Excelsior Press, 5x8, with four 
founts of type, furniture. ink. etc. Price com- 
plete $15.00 or open for offers of exchange. 
ALBION CARD WORKS, Albion, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE. 1st class eggs of Flycatch- 
er, Terns, Sandpipers, Chickadees, for common 
sets with data. K. F. WATSON, Kennebunk 
Beach, Me. 


TO EXCHANGE for FIRST-CLASS skins, 
have, 30 No’s Santa Claus, Parley’s Universal 
History, Three Kingdoms, roller skates, accor- 
deon, Quackenbush’s air rifle. L. G. WOOD- 
RUFF, 20% W. 103 St., N. Y. City. 


WANTED.—A good 5x7 or 5x8 Landscape 
Camera of reliable make. Also eggs in sets of 
American Raptores. Have many things to 
offer for same. Write at once to A. MOWBRAY 
SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis. 


My notice in the August number of the OoLo- 
GIST paid me big. I received over 30 letters in 
three days. J. M. Swain, BE. Wilton, Me. 

WOULD LIKE to correspond with reliable 
California or Southern collectors who would 
iike to exchange eggs of their locality for oth- 
ers of this. C. C. HENRY, 340 Broadway, 
New York City. 


ONE ALMOST hew self-inking printing press 
just the thing for printing labels. etc. will sell 
for $3.00. GLOVER M. ALLEN, 3 Vernon St., 
Newton, Mass. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Merwin and Hulbert in- 
terchangeable sixteen ga. shot gun and 22 rifle, 
cost fifteen dollars, for eggs or oological sup- 
plies. CARLTON H. PLUMB, 1351 Washing- 
ton Ave., Springfield, Mo. : 


THE MAN THAT WON AT MADISON 
SQUARE IN ’93, bred the Brown Leghorns I 
am breeding. My Claiborne Pits are winners. 
J will exchange eggs of either for books. J. S.’ 
GRIFFING, Cutchogue, Long Island, N. Y. 


CORRESPONDENCE invited from all desir- 
ing to exchange eggs with full data, of other 
localities for same of Central lowa during the 
coming season. A. P. GODLEY, LeGrand, Ia. 


As an exchange medium it can’t be excelled. 
Every exchange notice I have had inserted, has 
brought me from thirty to seventy-five answers. 
In fact more than I could possibly attend to. 
F. T. Corless, Tillamook, Ore. 


We received 150 letters and Cards in answer 
to a single notice in the columns of the OOLo- 
Gist. Merrimac Stamp Co., Natick, Mass. 


ETHNOLOGY:—Wanted a copy of J. W. 
Powell's First Annual Report. 1879-80 of the 
Bureau of Ethnology. Must be ‘as goodas 
new.’ Address stating lowest cash or ex- 
change price. F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion. 
N.Y 


EGGS.—Eagle, Buzzard, Hawk, Osprey,Rare 
Warblers and nests and many others. Fine 
mounted birds, cheap, cash. Only perfectly 
safe climbing gear, adjustable to any size tree, 
stop anywhere to rest, hands free. Get from 
M. C. White. sole manufacturer, Matthews, Va. 
$2 net. Fine photos. 8x10 of old Chancellors- 
ville Headquarters. Gen. Hooker during battle 
May, 1863, 30c. Cabinet photo, Steven Junior 
Steptoe (colored man) and his cabin. Taken 
from life, 1893, in 109th year of his age, with in- 
teresting history, 25c. Both above for 50c. 
New style climbing irons with steadying stays, 
strapped, not least tiresome, $2.75 net. All _in- 
formation for stamp. F. THEO. MILLER, 
Lancaster, C. H. Va. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.”’ 


fHE OOLOGIST. ; 69° 


WANTED AT ONCE.—I can usea number 
of 22 cal. Colt and Smith & Wesson revolvers. 
Will pay cash or good exchange in 32 cal. Bull- 
dog revolvers. State cash price and Condition. 
HORACE H. FELL, 3658 Dearborn St., Chi- 
cago, Ill. 


I HAVE two fine old U. S. army sabres to ex- 
change for Instantaneons Camera, Typewriter, 
Field Glass or offers. I also have Oological 
Tstruments to exchange for eggs. Write at 
once. ISADOR L. TROSTLER, 4246 Farnam 
St., Omaha, Neb. 


BIRDS, MICHIGAN; Birds, Minnesota ;Mam- 
mals. Minnesota; Fish, Lorain Co., Ohio; Dav- 
ie’s Nest and Eggs, Gentry’s [llustrations— Mid- 
dle States. Part I, and various other papers, 
Nests and Eggs, etc., to exchange for books 
on Ornithology or Mammalogy. IVVeViceee Ele 
FISHER, 14 W. North Ave., Baltimore, Md. 


I am well satisfied with the results of my ad- 
vertising in the OOLOGIST and shall certainly 
continue to patronize it as long as I have ma- 
terial to dispose of. W. G. Smith, Loveland, 
Colo. 


RAND & MCNALLY Atlas of the World 
(new) #.; New Rogers’ Scroll Saw, $2; Vol. 12-16 
O. and O. $2; 4 Steel Traps @ 10c., for Coues’ 
Key (fine cond.) or snare drum, 14 in. head, key 
tighten. good condition. Enclose stamp, GEO. 
W. VOSBURG, Nat., Columbus, Wis. 


FOR SALE:—Some (Catlinite) Pipestone 
Peace-Pipes $2.00 each, inlaid Paper Weights 
$1.00, Button Hooks stone handles $.40, Watch 
Charms $.25, polished pieces pipestone $ 25 to 
$.50 postpaid. A. D. BROWN, Pipestone, Minn. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE:—%5 cash takes 4x5 tri- 
pod camera and outfit,Waterbury lens. cost $10. 
For particulars address A. B. BLAKEMORE, 
280 St. Andrew St., New Orleans, La. 


WANTED:—A good collecting pistol, also 
the following A. O. U. numbers of eggs in sets 
with data 47, 332, 337, 339. D. A. ATKINSON, 
Box 44, Wilkinsburg, Pa. 


FOR SALE.—Gilman Vertical Press, with 
fountain, chase 6x9, 50 lbs. long primer and 16 
fonts job type, Some new. balance nearly new, 
leads. cases, stick, etc., M0 cash, LOVETT 
BROS., Oxford, Mass. 


I WISH to correspond with advanced stu 
dents of Evolution, Primitive Man, Ornithology 
and Oology. References exchanged. Corres- 
pondents in foreign Countries especially de- 
sired. Corresdondence en la langue Francais. 
HARRY B. SARGEANT, 2194, Seventh Ave., 
New York, New York. 


FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE CHEAP:— 
Cigarette and tobacco pictures, tickets and 
tobacco tags, birds in the meat. 20 gauge col- 
lecting gun books, etc. MAKr OFFERS. WM. 
GILBERT, Box 130, Elk River, Minn. 


WANTED, a clean copy of the Oct. NVidiolo- 
gist. Will give the following first-class singles, 
495, 687, 735. 756. C. H. MORRELL, Pittsfield, 
Me. 


WANTED !—Reliable and competent col- 
lectors to collect for me this season. Southern, 
western and northern eggs wanted. W. ° 
LOUCKS, Peoria. Ill. 


WONDERS of the Sea, containing descriptions 
of the many wonderful and beautiful things 
found at the bottom of the ocean fully illustrated 
This work and the Journal 3 mos. for 10c. 
JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa. 


lreceived 10 times as many auswers to that 
one little exchange in June OoLoaisr than I did 
in all of several other exchanve ads. I ventured 
in other papers. which cost me over $10. Ed Van 
Winkle, Yan’s Harbor, Michigan, 


I HAVE first-class sets with data of Water 
Birds, Hawks, Owls, etc. for sale very cheap. 
Parties desiring eggs address H. SAYLES, JR., 
Abilene, Texas. 


The advertisements inserted in your paper 
have proven entirely satisfactory. We consider 
an inch in the OoLoaisr better than a page in any 
other naturalists paper published H, E.Pendary, 
Eustis, Fla. 


BIRDS EGGS taken at half price in exchange 
for fine rubber stamps, Illustrated catalogue 
for stamp. Correspondence solicited. ARTHUR 
L. POPE, McMinnville, Ore. 


2 VOLS. YOUTHS Companion and 1 of 
Golden Days for books on Oology or best offer - 
ineggs. C. Y. SEMPLE, care of Atlantic Re- 
fining Co., Easton, Pa. 


WANTED:—Microscopical apparatus, books, _ 
postage stamps (Columbians especially desired) 
and envelopes, Have books and specimens of 
all departments Natnral History, stamps and 
curiosities of all kinds. value over $5,000.00. 
Wanted particularly first class microscope. 
G. R. LUMSDEN, Greenville, Conn. 


The Ootoetsr is an excellent medium for adver- 
tising. From my 75 word exchange notice in the 
OoLoaistT, I have exchanged over $250 worth of. 
eggs, adding about 75 sets to3my private collec-- 
tion. W.C Lawrence, Los Gatos, Cal, 


Se aN ener 

UNCLE TOW’S CABIN has sold for $2. We. 
send it complete, 192 pages, and Journal 3 mos.. 
for 10c. JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa. 


FOR SALE:—Fine Oriskaney sandstone 
fossils by express 3 dollars per 100, smaller lots 
same rate, Shale rock fossils from Cayuga Co. 
very cheap, arrow points, spear heads, scrap- 
ers, net sinkers, cheapest in market. Will ex- 
change for spear heads and arrow points from 
Michigan and Wisconsin. JOHN MINCHIN, 
Fleming, Cayuga Co., N. Y. 


EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND.—This so-- 
ciety is engaged in discovering and recording 
the arts and sciences, the social and family life, 
the business and civic occupations of men, 
their knowledge of jurisprudence and medicine, 
their religious beliefs and practices, for 5,000. 
years from the dawn of history. Explorations 
this year are in progress at Deir-el-Bahari: 
(Thebes), and the “Archeological Survey”’ is 
occupied at Tell-el Amarna. For full particul- 
ars, address with stamp. REV. DR. WILLIAM 
C. WINSLOW. 525 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. 


- YOUR NAME IN GOLD INK on 2 stylish vis- 
iting cards and a useful present free for dnly 10 
cents. JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa. 


From my exchange notices, I received so many 
letters, etc., it was impossible to answer them. 
contrary tomy word. From my add in June 
number I received almost a bag of mail daily. J. 
Hill, Edinburg, T[11. 

I have not kept a record of my answers but can 
say that lam satisfied that it paid well. H. A. 
Carhart, Syracuse, N. Y. 


When answering advertisements. 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.’”’ 


70 THE OOLOGIiST. 


PECK’S BA! BOY, Tllustrated, and the Journ- 
al, 3 mos. for only 10c. Funniest story out. 
JOURNAL. Beaver Springs, Pa 


From my single notice I received over 100 an- 
swers and ams ill receiving them, I advise all 
‘to advertise in the OoLocisr. N, VY, Linden, Lake 
City, Fla. 


OREGON ECGS:—Those desiring to pur- 
Chase, this season. fine authentic sets of Ore- 
gon eggs will do well to send a 2c. stamp for 
my price list. Correspondence _ solicited. 
ARTHUR L. POPE, McMinuaville, Ore. 


FOR EXCHANGE:—A fine B flat cornet, cost 
$40, no cheap affiair. Wanted, birds eggs, In- 
dian relics, rareties, curios. Also have fine 
-esCallop shells for exchange. A.E. PAYNE, 
Box 218. Greenport, I. I, N. Y. 


PHOTOGRAPHS of Wild Game, consisting of 
eighteen Gifferent 5x8 photographs of deer, six 
of antelope five of elk. one coyote, two moun- 
tain lions; $3 a dozen mounted, $2.50 unmounted. 
A. G. WALLIHAN, Lay, Routt Co., Colo. 


A“SNAP” FOR YOU:—My entire collection 
of eggs and mounted birds must go before 
May ist and for Indian relics or such articles 
as I can use, I will give $2 worth of birds and 
eggs for each $1 worth sent. References given 
and required. L. V. CASE, Naples, N. Y. 


All Exchange notices that I have had in the 
OoLOGIsST have proved very satisfactory. I con- 
sider that the exchange department affords the 
best medium of negotiating exchanges of any 
monthly of like nature. F. W.C., Wauwautosa, 
Wis. 


It gives me great pleasure to acknowledge the 
success of advertising in the OoLogist. I have 
advertised in several Natural History papers but 
in no case have I received that prompt reply with 
success as througo the medium of the 
OoLoaist. Carl Braun, Bangor, Me. 


NATURAL and Other Wonders of the World, 
containing descriptions and illustrations of some 
of the most wonderful works of nature and of 
men. Free with Journal 3 mos. on trial for 10c. 
JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa. 


I consider the Ootogisr the best advertising 
medium of its kind in America and this fact 
seems to be generally recognized. judging from 
the amount of names in its want columns and 
from the expressions of its patrons. W. M. M.. 
St. Louis, Mo. 


FOR SALE.—Kent Elgin won first in the all 
age Pointer Stake at the U.S. Field Trials at 
Grand Junction, Tenn., Feb., 1894. Have Pup- 
pies for sale sired by Kent Elgin Boy and 
Belle L No. 30680 A. K. C, Stud Book. All 
questions answered by post. E. G. TABOR, 
Meridian, N.Y. 


FOR SALH.—A 5x8 “New Model” camera, 
with plates, $6.50 shutter, printing frames and 
paper, ‘‘wignetter’? and chemicals. Complete 
outfit, $10.00, S. W. ELDER, 177 Rush St. 
Chicago. 


The next aay alter I recelved my paper I com- 
menced to receive letters and for the next two 
weeks 1 received not less than 75 letters and 
ecards. AS an auvertising medium the Oo.oGisr 
can’t be beat and I consider the money I spent 
in advertising through its columns the best invest- 
ment Iever made. W.E. Drennan, New Sharon, 
Iowa. ; 


COLLECTORS, Everywhere! Having good 
and authentic sets, this season’s collecting to 
dispose of, send list and price, on procural of 
Said sets to H. B- HOLLIS, Wellesly Hills,Mass. 


MARINE AND GENERAL CURIOSITIES, 
Send 10 cents forcillustrated catalogue and re- 
ceive either one Star Fish and Skate Egg, or 
Razor Shell free. All kinds of specimens 
bought for spot cash. FRED H. BANKS, 
Stamford, Conn. 


Allof my exchanges in the OoLogist have 
proved satisfactory and I think the Oonoersr is 
the best paper of the kind, E. K, Collett, Austin, 
Texas. 


NOTICE. Send me any Natural History 
specimen valued at5 cents and receive a Chi- 
nese Coin, or one valued at 10 cents and receive 
two coins, etc. Look! Emu and Ostrich eggs 
$1.50 each. W. H. HILLER, 147, W.°23d St., 
Los Angeles, Calif. 


JUST WHAT YOU WANT!—A perfect hold- 
back for your buggy or wagon, sure to please, 
simple, cheap, lasting. Send 25c. for sample 
pair, or stamp for description, Will exchange 
fine specimens of Georgia woods also telea, 
promethea and cecropia coccoons for eggs, 
OoLOGISTS, Stamps, etc LEROY KING, 304 
Forest West, Detroit, Mich. 


WANTED.—I want to buy Fractional Cur- 
rency in crisp condition. Also Copper Cents of 
1793, 1799, 1804, 1809, 1811 and eagle cents 1856, 
EH, G, TABOR. Meridian N. Y. 


From my exchange notice in the Oo.oeist, I 
did exchange to the amount of $300 and greatly 
increased my library, T.S, Hill, Knoxville, Ia. 


I WILL GIVE one good U. §, half cent or 
four large copper cents for each used 90ct. or 
twelve 15c. and 30c. 1890 stamps. Or for twelve 
6c. and 8c. or twenty 3c. or four 15¢c. or two 380c. 
‘or one 50c. Columbians, Good exchange in 
other coins or foreign stamps for all kinds of 
U. S. postage and revenue stamps. Or will 
pay cash for lots or colle tions. Price list free. 
J. A. PIERCE, 191 Clark St., Chicago, Ill. 


BARGAINS.—Large Peacock, tail spead, 
good fire screen, 10 feet across, $35. Another 
specimen mounted on pedestal,natural position, 
‘cheap at $25. Mounted ‘Great Blue Heron” $5, 
Stuffed Porcupine Fish, a great curio, 14 inches 
in diameter, $8. Hawk-bill Turtle backs pol- 
ished, rare, and very pretty, %7. Japanese 
Pheasant, mounted as panel picture, cheap at 
$15. Fox head,mountea on large shield, with 
tail on either side and riding whip, $15. The 
above are all fine pieces of work and will give 
eminent satistaction. F. H. LATTIN & CO., 
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Il. 


FRANK B. ARMSTRONG, Dealer in birds’ 
skins and eggs. Brownsville, Texas will give 
special attention to the collection, for scientific 
purposes. of all birds, beasts, reptiles. native to 
the interior and border of Mexico, and will fur- 
nish careful data inregard same. Correspon- 
dence respectfully solicited. FRANK B. 
ARMSTRONG. Brownsviile, Texas. 


By inserting exchange notices in the OOLOoGIST 
and by answering others therein, during the past 
two years I have added more than $400 worth of 
new sets to my collection, J. W. Jacobs, Way- 
nesburg, Pa. ; 


FOR SALE.—An A112ft Alligator, stuffed. 
Price $75 Or will exchange for Birds Eggs, 
Skins or books on Natural History. Address, 
F, H.LATTIN & Co., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., 
Chicago, Ill. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the “‘“OOLOQIST.” 


THE OOLOGIST. 71 


45 PiEGES OF SHEET MUSIC for 17c. (to in- 
troduceit.) JOURNAL, Beaver Springs, Pa. 


I find that exc. notices in the OOLNGIST pay me 
100 per cent. better than in other papers, Edw. 
Wall. San Bernandino, Calif. 


FOR SALE.— \ perfect mounted specimen of 
the American Flamingo. Well packed and de- 
livered to Express Co for318. F. H LATTIN, 
& CO.. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave.. Chicago, Ills. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—A good Juno Bicycle, 
26 inch solid tire, and in A | running order. 
For either Lady or Gentleman. Offers solicited, 
in Stamps. Books, Birds Eggs, Bird Skins. ete, 
Adaress. W. F. WEBB, 3571 Cottage Grove Av., 
Chicago. Il, 


JT have added two hundred dollars ($200) worth 
of specimens to my collection through the Ex- 
change column of the OoLogist, J. M. Kilving- 
ton. Mason Ciby. Ia, 


FOR SALE.—Foreign stamps in large and 
small lots. Approval sheets to reliable parties 
at50 per cent. discount. Hachanges solicited, 
MRS. W. F. WEBB, No. 9 Kenilworth, 36th & 
Ellis. Chicago, I], 


We have received more answers trom the ad. in 
your December number thaa from any magazine 
we ever advertised in, Perrine Bros.,Water Vai- 
ley, N. Y. 


HEY! Lamselling 50 var. U 8S. and foreizn 
stamps for only 10¢c., also 10@ var., Some unused 
for 20e. Give them a trial, you will buy more, 
Satisfaction guaranteed or money refunded. 
Every 5th purchaser 75 and 125 var. respectively 
as their packet. GEO. E, CLEAVER, 1132 Per- 
keomen Ave., Reading, Pa. 


BIBLIOMANIJACS.--Weeding my crowded lib- 
rary to utilitarian basis, a limited choice, rare 
volumes that you'll eagerly take af English Book- 
shop prices. Stamp for list. Oologists, who 
want sets ‘of semi rare waterbirds and raptores, 
including Loon. Sandhill Crane and Mississippi 
Kite, Desiderata Lists exchanged, if you’ve rare 
sets. Osteologists, Breast bone. etc., Ducks, 
Hawks, Eagles, Owls; List, stamp. Porcupine 
Quills, assorted. twenty cents per hundred. P. 
Bb. PEABODY, Owatonna. Minn. 


We have done more or less advertising in the 
OonoGcisr inthe past few years and take pleasure 
in saying that italways more than paid us, We 
found it the best advertising medium we ever 
tried. Itis more than satisfactory and we wish 
you and your paper the prosperity you deserve 
Dickiusun & Durkee. Sharon, Vis. 


WE HAVE some fine Apache and Sioux relics, 
as Knife Sheathes. Tobacco Pouches, Quivers of 
tanned Calf Skin with hair on, Belts, Sairts, leg- 
gins, ornaments of various designs, mostly bead- 
ed, War Clubs. ete. All are a bargain to any one 
interested. Listfor stamp. Address at once, 
F. H. LATTIN & Co., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., 
Chicago. 


TO EXCHANGE.—For every 50 cent piece 
eoined before 1875, 1 will give 1000 foreign stamps 
irom all parts of the world, many rare ones, or 
for every 25 cent piece made betore 1870, I will 
give 600 foreign stamps; containing four varieties 
of French Colonies, 5 varieties Japan, etc, Must 
be in good or fair condition. HERBERT STER- 
ZING, Austin, Texas, 


FOR EXCHANGH, —‘‘Hornaday’s Taxidermy” 
and ‘Birds of Michigan” both new for best offer 
of eggsin sets, oological supplies. Send lists 
JAY G. SMITH, Ripley, N. Y. 


EGGS. EGGS,—Large Ostrich eggs $1.25: Emeu 
eges 1.50; postage paid. above eggs and others 
in exchange for eggs notin my collection. Jap- 
anese coins in exchinge for eggs, A. E, LITTLE, 
225 Market Sf., San Francisco, Cal. 


GOOD SPECIMEN, gold-bearlng quartz 
showing gold sent prepaid on receipt of 20c, (no 


stamps). Will exchange eggs for personal 
property. Collectors desiring sets of this lo- 


cality and Colorado Desert write inclosing 
stamp. THOS. STANLEY, Banner, - San 
Diego Co,, Calif. 


My notices have been very paying and satisfac- 
tory. Tt completely exhausted my surplus of Car- 
rier Pigeons. A. V.S., Decorah, Ta. 


a cushion tire the other a fine pneumatic. Will 
sell cheap or exchange for camera, microscope or 
Natural History specimens. I have also a few 
books. bird’s skins, eggs and other personal prop- 
erty tor exchange. Write at once, inclosing lists. 
A, MOWBRAY SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis. 


EX'HANGE NOTICE.—I have flne Shot-gun, 
Rifle, Revolver, rare eggs in sets, stamps, min- 
erals. scientific books and other articles to ex- 
change fo Bendire’s ‘‘Lif2 Histories of North 
American Birds,” Capen’s ‘‘Oology of New En- 
gland,” Coues’ and Stearn’s “New England Bird 
Life,” Coues’ -‘Key” (last edition), Ridgway’s 
“Manual” and other standard ornithological 
works and back numbers of *‘Auk,” ‘Bulletin of 
Nuttall Orn. Club,” “‘O. and O.,” etc, Generous 
exchange given for any of these works in good 
Conn: ROBERT A, CAMPBELL, Hanover, 


STOP. READ. ORDER.—Some of those 
first class sets with full data. for sale at two- 
thirds ‘Standard Catalogue” prices; they in- 
clude Terns. Petrels, Herons, Hawks, Owls, 
Cuckoos, Kingfishers, Woodpeckers, Flickers, 
Hummers, Flycatchers, Magpies, Orioles, 
Grackles, _Goldfinches, Swallows, . Vireos. 
Warblers, Wrens, Thrushes and many others; 
ninety species in all. Special Bargair for the 
whole lot. ALBERT R.gHEYWARD, JR. 
Columbia, S.C. ‘ 


WANTED,—Address of every ornithologist in 
Maine, young or old; rich or poor: male or female. 
You are invited to help and be helped in a sys- 
tematic study of our birds, United Ornitlolo- 
gists of Maine. Address, STEPHEN J, ADAMS, 
Cornish, Maine. 


1 have been a subscriber to your paper sinee its 
beginning in |884 and during that time have had 
occasion to insert notices during eacn year, and 
with very good resul's, always disposing ot every 
thing I had for exchange ina few days. F. H. 
Farly, St. Thomas, Ont. 


WANTED,—To exchange Ist Class sets of eggs 
with data of Southern California birds with col- 
lectors of other localities. H, McCONVILLE 
1636, 7th St., San Diego, Calif. : 


WANTED,.—A double action automatic shell 
ejector revolver. Will exchange tor same a scroll 
saw. patterns and blades. Write at once. Ak- 
THUR E. HUTCHINSON, Gaines, N. Y, 


ONE PAIR Climbing Irons, will sell for 75e.; 
one Baltimore Printing Press No. 9, for $1.50, cost 
$5; one dozen King Crabs, large $1.25 and a col- 
lection of sea Shells, will sell very cheap, send 
for ist: N. P. BRADT, Hindsburgh, Orleans Co., 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.”’ 


72 THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR SALE. Some fine sets very cheap, fol- 
lowing area few samples. Fulmar 1-1 @ .3D, 
Manx Shearwater 1-1 @ .50, Gannet 1-1 @ .20, 
Lapwing 1-4@ .09. Golden Plover 1-3 @ .20.Ring 
Plover 1-4 @ .10, Oystercatcher 1-3 @ .13, Ameri- 
can Osprey 1-3 1-2 @ .25, Black-chinned Hum- 
mer n-2@ .25, Western Wood Pewee 1-3 1-2 @ 
10, Bullock’s Oriole 1-4 @ .05, Heermann’s Song 
Sparrow 1-3@ .04. Kindly add 10c. extra for 
postage on amounts under $1.00. Prices are ea. 

WOULD ALSO be pleased to receive ad- 
vance orders for the following rarities, Glau- 
cous, Iceland and Little Gulls, Greater Sher- 
water, Bulwer’s Petrel, Rufous-crested Duck, 
European Woodcock, Purple.Green and Spoon- 
billed Sand-pipers, Greenshanks, Turnstone, 
White, Gray and Common Gyrfalcons, Duck 
Hawk, Snowy, Lapp and Hawk Owls, Richard- 
son’s (Tengmalm’s) Owl,;Holbcell’s Redpoll, Bo- 
hemian Waxwing, Northern (Great Grey) 
Shrike, Nutcrackers, Crossbills, Kinglets, etc. 
Also fine clutches of Black, Red, Hazel and 
Sand Grouse, Willow, Rock and Iceland Ptar- 
migans and the following very showy and 
scarce species, Indian. Griffon, Arabian, Egyp- 
tian and Asiatic Vultures; Golden, Imperial, 
Adalbert’s, Rough-footed, Spotted, Oriental, 
Bounellis. Dwarf,Greenland,Cinereous, Serpent, 
Aquila fulvescens and Aquila vindhiana Hagles; 
Cinereous, Demoselle and Numidian Cranes; 
Black, Egyptian, Indian, Honey and Common 
Kites; Great, Little, Houbara and Macqueen’s 
Bustard’s, and many varieties of Falcons, Buz- 
zards, Hawks, Warblers, Finches, Snipe, Part- 
ridges, etc. 

WANTED TO EXCHANGE with all collec- 
tors, first-class sets of American and foreign 
birds eggs, will haye a very full list and can 
use many common and rare kinds in large se- 
ries. Want 100 eggs of Sparrow Hawk in fine 
sets. 

Wanted cheap for cash or choice exchange, 
fullsets of Loon,Tropic Birds, Flamingo,Spoon- 
bills, Kites, Sharp-shin, Golden Eagle, Vul- 
tures, Caracaras. Chuck-will’s-widow. Whip- 
poor-will, Parauque, etc. in any quantity. Cor- 
respondence solicited from all. 

TO ADVANCED COLLECTORS having 
special desiderata I would say that I Can pro- 
cure many very rare varieties such as Lammer- 
geyer, Gypaetus barbatus, Olive Tree Warbler, 
Hypolais olivetorum. Snow Finch, Oreospiza 
nivalis, Tringaislandica, Frigilla teydea, Hal- 
iastur indus, Upupa longirostris, Accentor at- 
rogularis, Megoloperdix nigelli, etc. C. W. 
CRANDALL, Woodside, Queens Co., N. Y. 


THE NAUTILUS. 

A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con- 
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils- 
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W. 
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia, 
Pa Send for sample copy. 


COING TO BUILD? 


Send for illustrated catalogue, containing 26 
handsome designs, FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S 
MODERN HOUSES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t 


EGGS. 

From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- 
dia. Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named 
at moderate prices. also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, 

Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany 


FOR Five extra Ore. Arrow-points, one 
0 | A) 9-inch Spear, one Drill and a fine 
| y ( Scraper, all prepaid. 
J. F. BOWEN, Box 62. luka, Miss. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.” 


Babbitt’s Glove Kid Tan 


Is used by over two-thirds of the taxidermists. 
of the U. S., which PROVES it to be a superior~ 
article. The past few yearsI have advertised 
this tan in many papers in the U.S., but there- 
is without doubt many who do not know the 
merits of BABBITT’S GLOVE KID TAN. 

It will tanfurs clear through and leave them 
as soft as GLOVE KID. 

Itis always ready for use and always gives. 
the same results. 

It costs $1 per bottle (which is the regular 
price) to tan ONE DOZEN fox skins, making 
it the Cheapest tan on the market. 

It will do the work in one-half the time re- 
quired by the old method, etc. 

The object of this advertisement is to intro- 
duce it, so for thirty days from the date of is- 
suing this paper I will send a bottle postpaid 
for .50. After that date the price will be ad- 
vanced to 31. I have a circular giving testi- 
monals from those who have used it the past. 
few years. It will be mailed you free. -No live 
workman will tan furs by the old method after 
reading the wonderful results to be obtained by~ 
using BARBITT’S GLOVE KID TAN. 


Babbitt’s Auxiliary Barrel’s 


or ““Tubes” 


Is an invention which allows you to use a 32. 
or 38 cal. shell in your 12 or 16 bore gun. They 
are as easily removed as a Shell and will not 
interfere with shooting large game. 

DON’T try to collect small birds with your 12. 
or 16 bore Shot gun. It will ruin your birds. 
about every time. It will cost but $150 for an 
auxiliary barrel, either a 32 or 38 cal. and you 
will save its costin powder and shot inside of 
three months. A full assortment of above are- 
SEEN: kept in stuck to FIT ANY MAKE OF 


It is surely something which every collector 
should have. A price list giving testimonals. 
from the leading collectors who have used 
them, in fact everything you wish to know 
about them, will be mailed yon upon request. 


Artificial Leaves and Ferns.. 


I take great pride in my new stock of leaves 
and ferns; over fifty different shapes of leaves 
and each one can be furnished in eight styles,. 
making an assortment of over 400 Styles. A 
sample pack will be sent you for .20 showing” 
the principal styles. In ferns 1 have many 
styles, ranging in price from .25 to $1.50 per 
dozen. Several of the styles are entirely new 
to this country. If you work on case work it, 
will pay to drop me a line. 


Glass Eyes. 


My catalogue will give you a discription of 
every style made. and THE LOWEST PRICES. 
to be obtained IN THIS COUNTRY. 


Tools and Supplies 


Are imported direct from England and will 
give satisfaction. 


Remember 


I dealin everything used by the naturalist 
or taxidermist and would be pleased to mail 
you one of my catalogues. It contains many 
things that you wish to know. 


JAMES P. BABBITT, 


10 Hodges’ Ave., Taunton, Mass. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Advertising in the OoLogist pays as I know b 
experience. H. C., Tarboro, N.C. d 


My exchange notice in the OoLoGiIsT was satis- 
factory. I received over 87 letters and have made 
a good many exchanges. W. Ff. D., Minneapolis, 

inn. 


IT can not praise the OoLogist too highly. Ex- 
change notices in its columns have always re- 
ceived replies far beyond my most anxious hopes. 
Received over 500 letters in response to my ad, in 
OoLOGIST two years ago while publishing ‘‘The 
pene T. Surber, White Sulphur Springs, W. 

a. 


125 SPECIES Marine shells, 75 species Cre- 
taceous fossil shells, minerals, polished agates, 
corals, antelope horns, for marine shells, publi- 
cations on Conchology, Webster’s Unabridged 
Dictionary, Century or Leslie’s Popular Month- 
ly. Send lists. HOMER SQUYER, Mingus- 
ville, Mont. 


Last August (90) 1 had an exchange notice in 
the OoLoaist and from it [received over 150 let- 
ters and I exchanged about $125 worth of speci- 
mens, and allit cost was 33c. Iran out of speci- 
mens before [ had answered one-half of the let- 
ters. I also had a netice put in a recent number. 
The January number reached me the 9th and 
now I have received 20 replies and sometimes I 
get 8 letters in one mail. I am positive I will re- 
ceive over 125 letters in reply to this last notice. 
Of course the last number nas not yet passed the 
Rocky Mountains, 20 letters in four days for a 
beginning. Shortly shall expect to receive that 
many inasingleday. For a collector there is 
not Ing better than to have an adv. or exchange 
notice in the Ootceist. It is a boon forcollectors 
and to say it pays big is tosay it but very mild- 
ly. W.E. Snyder, Beaver Dam, Wis. 


NEW STOCK of ‘‘Coues’ Key’’ just received, 
price $7.50; Goss’s‘‘Birds of Kansas” $6.00; Miller’s 
“N. A. Geology and Paleontology” $5.00: Horna- 
day’s Taxidermy $2.50; Jordan’s ‘‘Manual of 
Vertebrates” $3; Davie’s‘‘Nests & Eggs” ($1.75; 
Lewis’ ‘‘American Sportsman” $2.50; Langille’s 
“Our Birdsin their Haunts” $2.50, Send order 
at once. Hk’. H, LATTIN & CO., 3571 Cottage 
Grove Ave., Chicago. 


BIRD LIFE Illustrated. The Nrprovoerst is re- 
cognized by all as a superbly illustrated monthly 
Magazine of ornithology and oology. February 
number contains ‘‘Notes ou the Hornbills” by Dr. 
Shufeldt, with page half-tone of birds and nést; 
“Bird-nesting in Canada’”’ by Walter Raine, with 
two large haif tones, illustrating nests and eggs 
of twelve species of ducks; Portrait of Dr. Shu- 
feldt; ‘Discovery of Nest and Eggs of Wilson's 
and Leconte’s Sparrow,” etc Sample copy sent 
for 10 cents, subscription $1 per year. H. KR. 
TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher, Alameda, Cal. 


WANTED.—To exchange first-class eggs for 
same this coming season. Collectors of other 
localities kindly write stating your wants. OR- 
LANDO SHEPPARD, JR., Edgefield C H..S.C. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Old U.S. cents, for taxid- 
ermists’ and oologists tools. Also a 32 cal. re- 
volver toward Coues’ Key. Write for descrip- 
tion. P. A. MULTER, Ashford, N. Y. 


PHOTOGRAPHS Wanted.—Photos. of the 
Anhinga from life or fine mounted specimens. 
Will pay cash or give good exchange. F. M. 

RICHARDS, Farmington, Maine. 


WANTED.—Orders for birds in tbe meat or 
fresh skins. Can furnish 20 kinds of Ducks, 
etc., etc. Send stamp for list. W.R. BROWN, 
Milton, Wis. 


72a (118) 


BIRDS wanted. Mustbe young and sound. 
State what you have with price. Will exchange - 
for printing or pay cash. Address, A. J. 
SMITH. 72 Exchange St., Rochester, N. Y. 


FOR SALE.—One pair Beagle Hounds. 
Thoroughly broken, that can’t be beat in the- 
country trailing a rabbit, and two pairs B. B. 
ae eae Fowls. L.S. FRENCH, Mathews, C. 

. Va. 


POP CORN.—Rice, the best Popping Variety, 
crop of 92 shelled. By freight or Express at 

urchaser’s expense; 6c. per lb. In lots of 50° 
bs. or over, 5c. Only about 800 lbs. left. F. O. 
B. and no charge for sacks, Will exehange for ~ 
desirable eggs in sets. specimens, or books on 
Natural History. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al- 
bion, N. Y. 


AN OPPORTUNITY. —I expect so spend the - 
summer months in special work in Zoology and 
Botany, and could arrange to furnish duplicates . 
of plants, bird skins and eggs, batrachians, ser- 
pents anu insects, including pupzw# and inflated 
larve. Anyone desiring toarrange for a series . 
of any of the above by purchase or exchange may 
address WILLIAM OSBORN, 98 Maple St., Nash- 
ville, Tenn. 


WANTED.—January, July and August num-- 
bers of Goldthwaite’s Geographical Magazine 
of the year 1891. Willexchange insects or val- 
uable books on Natural Science for same or~ 
purchase at a good price. ALL letters answered. 
PAUL VANDEREIKE, St. Croix Falls, Wis. 


SET of Three Note Books in Case each con- 
tains 72 pages, bound in fiexible cloth and set 
comes in a nice colored cloth covered case. 
Will send the set prepaid for only 8 cts. F. H. 
LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets and Singles . 
of this locality for those of other localities. V. 
W. OWEN, P. O. Box, 774, Los Angeles, Calif. 


OOLOGISTS WANTED.—We want at once, 
copies of the OoLoGist as follows: July-Aug- 
ust, 1886: January-Hebruary, 1887 or Dec., 1886, 
with the former attached; June, 1888. We also - 
desire copies of our old 1885;‘‘OOLOGIST’s HAND- 
BoOoK.” For each and every copy of the above 
publications mailed us not later than April 
15, 1894, we will give 12%c worth of anything we 
advertise or offer for sale or will send credit . 
check good for the amount. We will also allow 
73¢¢ each for the following‘numbers,viz:—June- 
Sept., 1887; April, 1889; March, 1890; August, 
1890; May, 1892; February, 1893; March, 1893. All 
must be complete, clean andin good condition. 
ae atonce. F. H LATTIN &CO., Albion, 


TO EXCHANGE. Strictly first-class sets 
with original nests of New England birds, for 
same. during the coming season. Many com- 
mon kinds wanted. HENRY R. BUCK. Shef- 
field Scientific School, New Haven, Conn. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Large number of mount- 
ed Birds and Animals. Want fresh skins or 
Birds inthe meat. WM. MICHELFELDER,. 
Taxidermist, Elizabeth, N. J. 


LOOK! TOOK! 


A Fancy pair of Calipers 
(2% in.) only 20 cts. Scalpels 40 cts. each. Long 
handled Brain Spoon 25 cts. CHAS. G. COL- 
LINS, Rox 431, Garden City, Kas. 


CAPEN’S OOLOGY of New England. The 
editicn of this magnificient work is exhausted, 
we have only one copy left. Price $15. If you 
want itspeak quick. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,, Al- - 
bion, N. Y. 


“72 (114) ‘THE OOLOGIST. 


LS 
EIN, 
ee a) 


‘a Le Li a mete 


a Ree cence us ame poate! A 
SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS. 
With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is 
. “proposed to take the lead in furnishing systematic collections for. 
“teaching MINERALOGY, GEOLOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools 
-and Colleges. Individual Specimens also furnished. Catalogue sent 
on receipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps. 


RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS. 

Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describ- 
-ing Grand Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, 
-Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, 
Etc., Etc. Also model of the whole United States, with adjoining 
-ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture. Many of these. made 
- especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for. 
“the Palestine Exploration Fund, now ready. 


LANTERN SLIDES. 
Series of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical 
‘Geography, Etc. 
METEORITES. 
A good price paid for meteorites of all kinds. New and unde- 
- scribed ones especially desired. An extra price paid for the entire 
“find” or ‘‘fall”. Meteorites also cut, polished and etched. 


WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS. 

These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences with 
-teachers and experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey 
and U. S. National Museum, have just been introduced into the 
~schools of Washington, and will be known as the Washington School 
Collections. It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence 
have ever before been offered in this country at so low a price 
“($2 each). Send for circulars. 


EDWIN E. HOWELL, 642 {7th St. N. W., Washington, D. C. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Testimonials Wanted. 


We want you for an 1894 subscriber 
“to the OOLOGIST. We also want you to 
-show this ,month’s OoLogisT to any 
friend who is now a non-subscriber, 

whom you think our little monthly 
might interest. This issue is an unus- 
ual one, from at least an advertising 
standpoint—our regular monthly edi- 
tions contain an equal amount of read- 
ing matter but only from 8 to 16 pages 
-of advertisments. The quality, tinish 
and weight of paper used in our regular 
edition is much better than that used in 
‘the‘‘Sample Copy” numbers this month. 

We know the Oo.oalist is of value to 
the class for whom it is intended, and 
we also believe it to be of value to you. 

Many of the leading and all of the 
coming ornithologists of America are 
on our subscription books. 

Since Jan. lst 94 we have paid over 
- $380 for back numbers of the OoLoaistT 
in order to supply the demand for the 
same, and we still want more and are 
making liberal offers for the same in 
this OOLOGIST. 

Testimonials are always appreciated 
by a publisher and we have been pleas- 
-ed in this manner thousands of times, 
and could if space permitted fill every 
page in this month’s edition with gems 
12 this line of the first magnitude, but 
we have been receiving a class of testi- 
monials that both please the mind and 
-enlarge the pocket-book—testimonials 
-of this character are always sure to 
_ touch the heart of the most hardened 
publisher. 

Here are few samples, which we con- 
“sider models, that have materialized 
during the short month of February. 
The first three from Mr. Wm. Brewster, 
of Cambridge, Mass., who is recognized 
‘the world over as the leading authority 
on North American Birds and whose 
“opinion today carries greater weight in 
the making and unmaking of species 
and varieties to the recognized Ameri- 
-can avian fauna than that of any other 
living person: 

“T wish to obtain two sets of the OOLOGIST 
from the begining. if you can supply them 
please name price. If you cannot supply them 


do you think an advertisement in your columns 
would meet with success? Dec. +4, 1893.” 


“T shall be glad to take the two sets of OOLO- 
GIsTt @ $4.00 each, but they must be completed 
before I shall be willing to pay forthem. You 

-can take several months to hunt up the missing 
numbers ifnecessary. Dec. 7, 1893.” 
“Thave just received from you the sets of 
*OOLOGIST and enclose $8.00 by cheque in pay- 
“ment for the same. Feb. 11, 1894.” 


72c (118) 


The followlng is from Dr. L.B. Bishop 
of New Haven, Conn., who is making a 
special study of albinism and unusual 
coloration in eggs: 


“Please send me No’st to 98 of the YOUNG 
OOLOGIST and OOLOGIST as advertised in the 
February OOLoGIST. I send with this money 
order for $4.50 as payment.” 


And the last which we have space to 
give came just as we were going to 
press as an accompaniment to a re- 
newal of subscription and is from Mr. 
M.M. Coon, the well known taxider- 
mist of Jefferson, Ohio: 


“T would not attempt to do business without 
the OOLOGIST.”’ 


READER. We want and expect a 
testimonal from you—not necessarily 
as weighty an one as from Mr. Brewster 
or Dr. Bishop nor as flattering as from 
Mr. Coon, but in the few and feeble 
words of the writer of this page the fol- 
lowing would be both pleasing and sufii- 
cient: 

“Bnclosed find 50 cts. for which please send 
me the Oouogisr for 1894.” 


To this attach your name and address 
in full and enciose—with the necessary 
50 cts. in stamps, postal note, express 
or P. O. money order—in a strong en- 
velope, seal well and address caretully 
to the Publishers of the OoLoaist, Albi- 
on, Orleans Co., N. Y. Weremain, as 
ever, most faithfully yours, 
¥. H. Lattin & Co. 


The Victor Carpet Stretcher 


Advertised on another page, is a good 
thing. We are using one. 

I have been acquainted with Mr. Mal- 
lory the Inventor and Manufacturer for 
a number years—he is reliable. 

I have an old schoo!mate friend who 
has sold thousands of these stretchers, 
during the past few years and has made 
big money thereby. 

Faithfully, FRANK H. LATTIN. 


We have a large Premium 
List of NOVELTIES, which 
we give for securing New sub- 
scribers for the OOLOGIST. 
A copy will be mailed you for 
stamp. Address, Publishers of 
he OOLOGIST, Albion, N. Y. 


72d (116) THE OOLOGISTY. 


Our Artistic Bird and aac Pieces. 


Our exhibit of Forty Bird pieces at the World’s Fair created quite a furore. AIF 
were suitably framed and covered with the patent Oval Convex Glass Shades. 
with flat corners, hermetically sealed—making them absolutely air tight, dust and 
moth proof— and will last a life time. All of the ‘‘live” pieces were with painted 
backs made to represent as nearly as possible the natural habitation of the birds. 
The birds mounted, standing as in life, on natural rocks, stumps or ledges. Our 
Hanging Dead Game pieces had either plush or natural wood backgrounds. The 
value of the pieces exhibited ranged from $18 to $100 each. The Trout piece 
(illustrated above) was a very popular one. The trout itself was a 3} pounder 
and when mounied in this manner makes an elegant piece, suitable for any place: 
and admired alike by all whether a disciple of Izaak Walton or not. Itis perhaps. 
needless tu add that the latter class fairly raved over the sample piece in our ex- 
hibit and many could not leave without placing their order for aduplicate. 
In a review of the ‘“‘Ornithology of the World’s Fair’? one of the editors of The 
Auk—the high-toned American Journal of Ornithology—says that from an artistic 
or taxidermic standpoint the exhibit of ‘‘panels of game-birds shown by F. H. Lat- 
tin & Co. are probably the best.” 

We have a special catalogue of our work in this line and if you are at all inte— 
rested would: be only too glad to mail you a copy. 


‘ Address, F. H. LATTIN & CO., 
Albion, N. Y. or 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, IIs. 
Should any of any our patrons desire to purchase within the next 30 days, we- 


will make them a special price on any piece we may have in stock at our Chicago- 
House. 


fHE OOLOGIST. 720 (117 


7 ——— ee CN 


BUREAU OF NATURAL HISTORY. 


ESTABLISHED 1876: 


SOUTHWICK & CRITCHLEY, 


354 Westminster Street, Providence, R.I., U.S.A. 


DEALERS IN 


Skins, Eggs. Minerals, Shells 


Naturalists’ Supplies and Publications. 


We solicit your orders in Taxidermy. 
promising the best Methods, and 
finest results, on museum work 
or trophies of hunting, from 
either dry skins, or fresh spec=- 
imens. 


72 (118) THE OOLOGIST. 


A Mineralogical Dialogue. 


YOUNG MINERALOGIST. Pa, the boys say the times are harder tham 
they have been since 1837, is that so? 


FATHER. Yes, my son that is very true. 

Y.M. Well then why is it that English & Co. have sold more minerals in the- 
first two months of the year than they ever sold before in three months? 

FATHER. I’m glad you’ve mentioned that house, for I’ve known ‘their excel- 
lent methods ever since they begun business many years ago. I think their- 
great success in these hard times is largely due to their good judgment in 
adding to their stock so many specimens of such an attractive character that. 
mineralogists could not resist the temptation to buy them. 

Y.M. They certainly have a magnificent stock, Pa, for I was in there the other 
day and spent the $10 I got for Christmas and you know I went to three- 
other mineral stores in other cities and didn’t see anything I wanted unless. 
the price was way up in G. 

FATHER. Their low prices are no doubt another reason why this house has. 
drawn so much trade. Then, too, while it has been their rule for years not 
to allow any discounts, they have recently offered a 10 per cent. discount 
to every one ordering of them prior to April Ist. What specimens did you 
buy? 

Y. M. I got the most beautiful crystal of Sulphur I ever saw, for 50 cents; an 
elegant, large piece of Rubellite in Lepidolite for $1.00; a brilliant group of 
Vanadinite crystals for only 25 cents; a sharp twin crystal of Orthoclase for 
25 cents; splendid specimens of Azurite, Malachite, Descloizite, Garnet, Or- 
piment and Valencianite for 50 cents each; a superb group of Calcite crys- 
tals for $1.00; a bright black group of Sphalerite crystals for 50 cents; a 
lovely Calcite twin for $1.50; a gorgeous little piece of Australian Opal with 
a fine play of colors for 25 cents; a beautiful group of crystals of Fluorite for 
$1.25;a bright red banded Agate for 75 cents; a most curious group of Pyrite 
crystals for 35 cents and nice loose crystals of Selenite, Quartz, Dysanalyte, 
Hematite and Pink Garnet for 10 cents each. 

FATHER. That is certainly a fine lot! I see you have brought me a copy of 
their new Spring Bulletin. 

Y.M. Yes, they gave nethat for nothing. I must be off now, Pa to see the 
specimens Tom got yesterday. He agrees with me that there is no place for 
minerals like Geo. L. English & Co. 64 E. 12th St., New York City. 


SHELL COLLECTION 


Consisting of 10,000 Species. 50,000 Specimens, to which we can add 50,000 
Duplicates. A rare opportunity for a School, College, Museum, or 
any Person or Institution interested in Conchology to 
secure one of the finest collections in America at 


A BARGAIN. 


For further particulars address, 


F. H. Lattin & Co., Albion, N. Y.. 


THE OOLOGIST. 72g (119), 


» To any one who would like to start in the- 
BUS NE HAN Natural History Business, we will sell our- 
"entire stock at the CuicaGo BRANCH at a 
bargain. It has taken a long time to get together this large assortment ot speci- 
mens in almost every department of Natural Science, and we doubt if any of our- 
readers could vet together as varied and valuale a collection in five years of 
hard work and a small fortune, combined. This is a chance of a lifetime. Write 
us at once to either of the following addresses, IF YOU MEAN BUSINESS. 
F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. or 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Il. . 


BIRDS’ EGGS! Easter Otter” 


Or Sale of Surplus Eggs at ‘‘way down” prices, will begin MARCH 20 and last 


30 DAYS ONLY. 
IF INTERESTED, SEND STAMP FOR LIST. 


F. H. LATTIN Ww CO., Stan a 1 Gottage Grove Ave., CHICAGO... 
Key to North American Birds. 


FOURTH REVISED EDITION. 


By Exvtiott Cours, M. A., M. D., Ph. D. Contains a concise account of every- 
species of living and fossil bird at present known on the continent north of the 
boundary line between Mexico and the United States,including Greenland. Fourth 
edition, revised to date. With which are incorporated General Ornithology, and 
outline of the structure and classification of birds, and Field Ornithology, a man-. 
ual of collecting, preparing and preserving birds. 

The new edition presents the nomenclature of the American Ornithologist’s Union, . 
in the most convenient form for comparison with that of other editions. Illustrated. _ 

Coues’ ‘‘Key” is too well known as a leading and authoritative treatise to need 
commendation, it being the standard work of reference for professional ornitholo- 
gists as well as for students and amateurs. The latest and most exhaustive. 
American Ornithology. Indispensable to every sportsman, amateur and work-.- 
ing ornithologist. 

1 vol., royal octavo, vellum cloth. Price prepaid only $7.50 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y. 


Choice Eggs of the 


South African Ostrich 
ONLY SO cts 


SPNDPPRE PAID? BOK) 20) CENTS VAD DITIONAL: 


Ber KeACr DIN Sz CO-;, 
ALBION, N. Y.; or, 3,571 COTTAGE GROVE AVE., CHICAGO, ILLS. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


‘72h (120) 


SIF 


(See Page 105.) 


A.Simian Family Admiring the OOLOGIST’S “Magic City.” 


THE OOLOGIS!. 73. 


WARD’S 
Natural Science 
Establishment 


Cable Address, “Cosmos.” Rochester, N. Y. 


Systematic Cabinets of Mineralogy, Geology and Zoology are made for Acade- 
mies, Colleges and Universities. Especial attention is given to this department, 
and estimates aud plans are furnished; we also offer individual specimens in each 
department. 

The stock of Natural Science material now on hand is unquestionably far great- 
er in the aggregate than at any similiar Institution in the World. Correspon- 
dents and special collectors in all parts of the world are sending us material every 
week, giving a constant supply of Minerals, Rocks, Fossils. Casts of Fossils, Skins. 
and Skeletons of Animals of all classes (mounted or unmounted), Alcoholic Speci- 
mens, Crustaceans, Shells, Echinoderms, Corals, Sponges, etc., ete. Also Ana- 
tomical preparations, Human Anatomy,Skulls and Skeletons cf American Indians. 
and other races. 


CATALOGUES. 


("These Catalogues are not mere price-lists, but contain much interesting mat- 
ter, and as they are intended to be free to our clients, the money paid for them 
will be credited on the first order. To teachers expressing an intent soon to pur- 
chase specimens, they will be sent gratis. 


MINERALS) According to Dana’s New System... 2.2. -.5.22..0.0.-2 05-2 weer 20C. 
SECU ORME CTION: OFF MIN TIRALS S45) DAGES sain) arses ces cide) hes cleler evel lO0ce 
MEARHORTMES MOU Agtes o4 TUS ACIONS a)... ciara shageleih clek=. wiauorelonsi Aish leteicliole soe ats 25¢e 
CHOMOGN EAN DAE EER OLOGY vero secniele gone 07 -arelsestariemerstabe state) lattie Ve iaz orale, araindeth ove 25¢c. 
SEE CMA IRHOLOGICAL COLLHCTION: 20 PAGeShaemeeer see oe acloen ie relate) 10c.. 
COLLECTION OF NEW YORK STATE ROCKS, 44 pages ...........--0.. ee eee ee eee 25c. 
COLLEGE COLLECTION OF PALZONTOLOGY, 208 pages; 265 wood cuts .......... 50c._ 
AACADEMY COLLECTION OF PALZONTOLOGY, 160 pages; 188 wood cuts........ BoC. 
SCHOOMMERIES OH CASTS: 60 pages: 68 wood Cutss. 20.50. 0-4 see «eee eis oleic 20c.. 
Casts OF DINORNIS AND HESPERORNIS, (Marsh), 30 pages; illustrated.......... 10e. 
DESCRIPTION OF RESTORATION OF MAMMOTH, 42 pages .................20.05- 15¢c. 
NoTICcE OF MEGATHERIUM CUVRERI, 34 pages; illustrated ............-.....- 50c-. 
OST OO Gave UGE) AOS Fy) cect is conse si ape mete RT A Ad eo) Alias, celo Neate orttat Salles) cht 25¢e. 
SKINS AND MOUNTED! SPECIMENS, 170) pages.......5......5.¢ 006. eee eevee eee 30c. 
North AMERICAN AND FOREIGN BriRD;s’ Eaa@s, 82 pages ................ Oe 
SHE MES whe Mares SGlwO Od. GUbSs,..alsesiereks A atotie ele else arate cues a ieletielta wee ctololatets 30c.. 
ECHINODERMs. Corals, GORGONIAS AND SPONGES, 84 pages; 54 illus.......... 25e. 
HUMAN SKELETONS AND ANATOMICAL PREPARATIONS. 46 pages; 24 cuts....... lie. 
MASKs OF FACES OF SOUTH SEA ISLANDERS, 16 pages......... 22... . eee eee 15¢e.. 
Heaps AND Horns (Custom Work in Taxidermy), 20 pages, tinely illus....... 10ce 


Minerals. Rocks, Meteorites, Fossils, Casts of Fossils, Geological Relief Maps, 
Models, and Diagrams, and Archeological Specimens. Skins and Skeletons 
of Animals, Invertebrates (Crustaceans, Shells, Corals, etc.). Anatomical 
Models, Human Skeletons, Skulls and Skeletons of Races, ete. 


Write for Circulars giving informa:ion about collections. 


“74 


THE OOLOGIST. 


BARGAINS. 


Tae following are samples of the “Bargains” at our Chicago Branch Store. 


the heavy expense of shipping back East to our Headquarters, we are offering special rates in every 
-department. A trial order will convince you that we are giving big value for money invested. 


Texas Sparrow 
Chachalaca ...........6 0006 
White crowned Pigeon...... 
American Coot.......... doa6 
American Herring Gull..... 
Common Tern.....2......... 
Bridled Tern....... coo. Gb0000 


American Merganser......$ 
_American Goldeneye) ...... 
blue-wing Teal 
“Green-wing Teal...... 
Old Squaw... 


eee caccce 


BIRDS EGGS. 


Sooty Tern........c6 15 
Texas Thrasher ............ 20 
Curve-bill Thrasher 10 


Florida Blue Jay....cce.ccc.e 15 
House Finch..........-..... 03 
American Goldfinch ........ 05 
Red-wing Blackbird ...... 02 
BIRD SKINS. 
Gea Wall na cateteicsic sisielele sielelerete 75 
Shoveller..... gooadoUbD00 de00, UO 
But ened ee denes tres 90000 .1 00 
Baldpate............. Perinete 15 
California Quail. specs eecoee 50 


Tricolored Blackbird........ 10 
California Towhee.......... 06 
Brown Thrasher .........-.. 2 
Black-crowned Night Heron 08 
American White Pelican.. 25 
WoO0d IbiS .........0..20-0 15 
Mexican Crested Flycatcher 15 


Entire Lot for $3,50. 


Scaled Partridge............ 
Snow Bunting 
Gray-crowned Leucosticte..1 00 


Entire Lot for $8. 


SHELLS, FINE AND SHOWY., 


White Murex. ..............$ 25 
Hooked Scorplon............ 25 
REDE SPAS eieciecsisieicieclsieie sie 25 
DUGKIS(CAP!« cciss oleic cieesleissicies) | 20 
‘TIger COWrY ....00.--+ eeevee 15 
LEED oad baaoqHoa00 c0000 00000 25 
Japanese Eburna .... ...... 15 
‘Cameo ...... 900006 25 
SOW G46G00 so0K0 15 
Magpie, polished... 25 
Lettered Cone, best 50 
BUM DC etesinieteraveieisievekcrstcratetaicieerstere 20 
ROSE COLA Niicreiaieieriseretsiiaie $ 10 
Mushroom Coral............ 25 
Puillipine Cracker Coral.... 20 
IYO COTA elecisiieisicicye cieiseie 120 
-Bud Coral .... ... bodisnea tage 25 
Propeller Coral ............ 15 
Malachite, Ariz SOC ID AG oooh 25 
BA ZUTIGEH aise rse titers 5U 
Prehnmiteycewcceeiceces pboau) 748 
Iron Crysfals........... .... 25 
-Sniphur Crystals............ 25 
Pyrites MG abooaobo0e 25 
‘Calcite Ca Sate Oooo -28 
Fluor BO Godan00 sso PB) 
Agatized WoO0d ...... .....- 25 
Petrified oy elsieinisfelsieieiviale 25 
Silicified PO ENS a opteciarodoo 25 
Pentremites . coceed 10 
CAMBIO ONES) GhaG Sons odds Gos ee 2) 
‘Trigonocarpus Nuts........ 25 
EXOZYYLAS. .cccoccccce sees eees 10 
SELEY PMA see. ceieciewins Seleretiniets 10 
FoS-il SCreWS .........00 see. 08 
YASKOS fateieirteycte assis seayeisis $ 75 to $4 00 
Celts - selves rnzo tO, 1 50 
“Scrapers doadiaado.coae 25 to 1 00 
Hammerstones....o.......-- 50) 
ILOCOS Brits ile cine donor) El) 
Banner Stone .... .... vocceet OU 
Starfish, Atlantic; sc... cise. -.$ 10 
PACH C Rey acercsuanias 25 

GG Mexican ......... - 50 
West ‘Indies. TANMER vesicle 50 
“Urchins, Atlantic .......... 25 
ao Mammoth, Pacific 4 
“Sea Biscuit.........06 dovocae 50 


Green Goldmouth .......... 15 
Mourning Cowry............ 25 
Cuban Tree Snail .......... 15 
Pelican FOOb....0. 2... .cceee 05 
Money Cowry ....... déu seas 03 
Cauril Cowry ................ 03 
Gnawed Cowry .... ........ 08 
Lynx Cowry ..............-. 03 
snake-head Cowry...... --. 03 
Spotted COWTY.....- 15 
Screw Shell ........s..06.... U5 
' Pearl Trocus................ 25 
CORALS: 
Head Coral.. 90000 50 
Pink Coral ........ S0.coo0bI0000 25 
HCC On ale esicileleersreiswieterciers 25 
Yellow Coral................ “5 
Oraganpipe Coral .......... 25 
E. I. Branch Coral.......... 25 
MINERALS. 
PolishedjAgate............08 


se Malachite... 


sf Labradorite 

OG OMUMWPS goo5.4060 0000 

OG Marblerscrcenericciee 
Graphitierercriasccicmiecertce 
lero] Oe) MANIVD G5090600060 a000 0000 
VC MaAtibe rane ems ieleleiete 
Iw ors HES 6505 sosod0odo6 odeD 5 
Satin Spar ............cccc06 x 
Pink Garnets'...... ........ 25 

FOSSILS. 
Fossil Sea Urchins .......... 15 
OF sharks Teeth........ 15 

SCaphitveswmryaeciceliseleh aistcienceter 16 
TnOCeraMUS .... ...ceccevece 20 
Nautilus Dekayi ............ G5 

06 inner voiutions .... 2u 


INDIAN RELICS. 


Agricultural Implements ..2 00 


Spears: 
Knives 
Pestles 
Discoidal Stone ...... 
Pipe 

CURIOS. 
Sang Wollanke eco coeceeee 05 
Acorn Barnacle ............ 10 
SeamsHOrmsebeceneciicisceicneee 25 
Hammerhead Shark’s Egg.. 15 
Alligator Teeth ............ 10 
Liver Beans ....06.... e008 ee 10 
Beetle Nuts oo..c. .ccc sce cce 10 


SUD SIC yocic cicieicielaieieerslelelecen 0) 
Quoit shell.............0.-06 lu 
Philippine Green Snail..... 5 us 
Philippine Helix.......sec0. 15 
Peanut Shell.....ccscos.---- 03 
CW HAMAS Ee riclcticcleleleteiclelelerelsieel 
Banded Snail .... .......... 15 
Mammoth German Snail.... 20 


Chautauqua Shell Collection 
33 uamed species.....-2 00 
Box of fine Mixed Shells.... v5 
Entire Lot for $6. 


W. I. Branch Coral........ 


25 
Star Coral .........ccececsee 25 
Honey Comb Coral......c..«. 25 
Precious Coral............. 25 


Entire Lot for $3. 


Chalcedony .... ..s.e. seccee 25 
ROsSe Quartz ........eceeee ee 25 
Polished Amethyst .... .... 20 
a Moss Agate........ 15 
“ Bloodstone ........ 15 
“§ Crocidolite ........ 15 
ss Pudding Stone .... 165 
Ores, assorted ........... ooo 1) 
50 all different named 1 in, 
minerals ........ 15 
Entire Lot for $7. 
Favosites Goldfussi........ 30 
Fossil Coral .... ........e00- 30 
Lingula Sandstone.......... 20 
Crinvidal Limestone........ 20 
Entire Lot for $2.50, 


Arrow Heads, Extra........ 25 
o¢ Common . 20 

0G Poor ........ 10 

‘ *§ Cheap, dozen 40 
Bird) Points... Scenes serieieeee 50 


Entire Lot for $15, 


Coffee Beans........ccccceee 10 
Brown Banded Sea Beans... 10 
Gray Sea Beans............ OB 
Ivory Apples.... ............ 25 


Marine Algza on cards 4x6 15 
Entire Lot for $3. 


Rather than incur 


THE OOLOGIST. 75 


OOLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS. 


ESIQUROUS selaictels aielalalaiateistulslalsiciol e/svelsielofelaial-vclate’s)ieiete.s $ 20 uC INOWs Diente elclsieetasiakove/ste stteiatiolslare eisla ayers sleeedle OO 

SPDT S re O an Ovaiotetersysicrteleleiet<tsisis)eieiaisinistaleverstelalatel evevale 15 Embyro Scissors, beSt.......... 2... eseeeves bo is 

es INI@, “Weooe coo qb0nae epoca creo snesdocasas YD HIM DY ROM BOOKS mecrteiisististleieisieseisleicae doosoonR: 15 

ve IND, Boosodosoqonoesconond etefafetcteinteetevetats 50 Embyro Handie and 3 hooks................ 75 

TAXIDERMIST S INSTRUMENTS. 

ROPES). Gog GdoonacgeennoodeoDoGodonas saouKonS $ 50 Cant SPOR RMIT Ce terimateteletereielersteleletelersieisiereieieieyelaie'= 50 

SGISSODS) satec caecncce ce ele sternayereis we loheineietsaiwiotetsieie a5 Gl) TADESIS POM MOO ates atsicins sietoaiere siavecise aelnee mate eat 15 

BEAMS DOOD y= <miereicccisies csi cise ccclesie's asec 20 Taxidermist outfit, No. 1 in case.............. 2 00 

IRWiECZEESitelscsiutelsiaieia Asbacos qoece aiticlelestefcts! sratetsvats 50 cr cs INOS (35) DESt- 1. ee nacodoncls) (lH) 

BOTANIST’S SUPPLIES. 

SWOMECEIH Sm CANS celeislelaisieieie clsioisielsiclaisietcinicias el siclal= $1 50 ILE NRE Wee WMDs S65 ce-ca-Gapob0 bScqDeGdooGo SucKGG. 24H 

oS G Smal eee -Se cose cece 1 00 Plant Presses; best) Maden... «22-0. cee sccce 2 50 
IMACTOSCODES |e iar ste cle eicieicielicie cielo SRNeoaeucoroe ce 50 

ENTOMOLOGIST’S SUPPLIES. 
Killing Cams ............ secccecccecccese-----$1 00 Collecting CaMs ............ 202. eseeeseeeeeeees 1 00 
Pins, per 100. pod saodocodoocoo. Ls Disinfecting Cones, per doz ........ sfe(eleslorstitenniclo 


1000 eee conciaee 
Everything Listed Above and on Preceding Page for Only $75. 


Small orders under 50c. must contain 5c. to cover mailing expenses. 


Address all orders to 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., 


3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ill. 


Instantly fastens any 
» KEYRING door securely. Travel- 
—wid\y ing men want them. 


| AGENTS WANTED. 


IS 
Big Commission. 
DOOR SECURER Send 95 cents. 


F. W: COVEL, 487 Main Street, Rockland, Maine. 


Are You interestsed in Oolosy? 
fire You a Stamp Collector? 


If so, you are the one we want to talk 
to. We publish the best Philatelic Pa- 
per in the Northwest and we want you 
to see a copy of it. Now 


Just for the fun of it 


Send us an unused 10 cent Colum- 
bian Stampand we will send the 


MINNESOTA PHILATELIST 


to you for 6 months, but you must be 
sure and mention where you saw this. 
This is a paper published by a stock 
company, and is bound to be ‘*‘the 
Best” in the land. Shares $1.00 each. 
Can you not invest One Doliar? We 
will publish all articles on Odlogy free 
of charge. 


Remember the Name. 


THE MINNESOTA PHILATELIST, 
724 So. 5th St., Minneapolis, Minn. 


wa 
mBEEaans 
= 


‘‘Have spent the day most hap- 
pily ‘Klipping’ my pamphlets.” 
a —PROF. W. W. BAILEY, Brown 
es University. 

Samples, with keys, postpaid, 
7c. Covers to order. Agents 
wanted. Price-list free. 


The KLIP is the Best Binder. 
H. H. Ballard, 162, Pittsfield, Mass. 


EGYPT EXPLORATION FUND BOOKS 


Wm. C. Winslow, Ph. D., Sc. D., LL. D. 
Honorary Secretary. 


Ancient Architecture, Scriptures, Sciences; 
Hellenic Art and Greek Epigraphy; Anthro- 
pology and Ethnology; Numismatics, Meas- 
ures and Weights; Bird, Animal and Piscatori- 
cal life as illustrated on the monuments and in 
the tombs; Geography and Topography; Bib- 
lical Exploration and Sites; The MHyksos 
or Shepherd Kings; Hieroglyphic Work and 
Results; Mound Excavations; Methods of 
Scientific Exploration; Photography and Re- 
cording of Inscriptions; Dealings with the 
Natives and Chiefs; Splendid Embellishments 
of Photographs, Photo-lithographic Views and 
Plates;—these constitute the substance or 
features of the Quartos issued by the Society, 
which are of value and interest to the scholar 
and intelligent general reader. The Annual 
Subscriber of $5.00 secures the year’s Quarto 
Archeological Report and Annual Report. All 
subscriptions are acknowledged in BIBLIA4, 
Meriden, Conn , the monthly magazine devot- 
ed to Archeological and Oriental Research. 

For Circulars of the Books, the past and 
present work of the Society, and the ‘‘Arche- 
ological Survey of Egypt,” address 


Rev. W. C. Winslow, 


525 Beacon St., Boston, Mass. 


When answering advertiseme 
always mention the ““OOLOGIST.’ 


76 THE OOLOGIST 


Th P ifi ¢ 9St is aregion full 
@ acl I¢ 0 of birds and 
wild animal life. It you want to com- 
pile a scrap-book on the subject of Pa- 
cific Birds or Animals, write us for col- 
lection of newspaper articles on the sub- 
ject. PRESS CLIPPING BUREAU, 


Box 2329, San Francisco, Cal. 


e Worm Eggs 
Si [ k for Silk Culture. 


We make a specialty of rearing Silk Worm 
Eggs for Silk Culturists. INDIAN. JAPAN- 
ESE, CHINESE, EUROPEAN & AMERICAN 
specles. Full instructions given, how to raise 
the worms successfully and profitably. Satis- 
faction guaranteed. We sell many thousands 
every season, especially in the Southern and 
Western States. Send 5 cents in stamps for 


list, ete. Address, 
PROF. CARL BRAUN, 
NATURALIST, 
BANCOR, MAINE. 


t= Send for Price List. 
TONQUILLA, a Condition 
Powder for Birds.—Posi- 
tively restores song.—12c 
in stamps. Address 
COLUMBIAN BIRD STORE, 
3711 Cottage Grove Ave,, Chicago. 


Japanese Fan Tail Gold Fish. 


Finest Varieties, mixed, one year old, $3.00 per 
dozen; largest size, $6.00 per dozen, including 
shipping can. Now is the best season to ship. 
CASH WITH ORDER. Send 2 ct.-stamp for 
illustrated catalogue. 


EDW.S. SCHMID, 
712 12th Street, Washington, D. C. 


1 ONLY DIRECTORY on tars 


= z Aili] Guaranteeing d0.000. 

= EE S (| only 10 cents (regular price 
af Sagelli||{ Scents.) your name, if re- 
~~ 

os Ta 


, ceived within next 80 
yg \ iysS, Wil be BOLDLY 
ee] printed ou gummed 
paper, and from Pub- 
i] ishers, Manufactur- 
yl ers and others, you 
Hi) Will receive hundreds 
“WHil] probably thousands, 
of valuable Books, 


SS 


be 

ON, 
Al 
SAYS 
Giesses pasted ther XTRA! We willalso 
print and prepay postage un 600 of your gummed 
addresses to you, for your personal use ; which are 
valuable to stick on your envelopes, books, etc., to 
prevent their being lost. REIDSVILLE, N.C., Dec. 6. 
1891. DEAR SIRS—My 500 addresses received. From 
my 25 cent address in your Lightning Directory I 
have received over 3,000 parcels of mail. My 
.\ddresses you scattered among publisners,manufac- 
1 ers, ete, are arriving dailv.on valuable pe rcels of 
¢.11, ftom all parts of the World. J.A. WARF 
THE LIGHTNING DIRECTORY ¢ 


Department No. 171, Philadelphia ,Pa. 


f you are Interested 


in any branch of Natural-Science or in 
Curiosities, send stamp for a copy of 
my Monthly Bargain Lists, 
which contain many Bargains that it. 
may be to your advantage to know. 


Advanced Collectors, Schools,,. 
Colleges and Museums 
supplied with specimens at very reas— 

onable rates. 


F. G. HILLMAN, 


@ DEALER IN@ 


Archaelogical and Geological 
Specimens, Minerals, Shells, — 
Marine Curios, Stamps, 
Coins & Specimens, 
for Collectors in 
all branches. 


NEW BEDFORD, MASS. | 
The KLIP has the GRIP. 


Snap on a Klip and bind your 
papers in a second. 


; ‘Trial dozen, 75c. Covers to 
# order. Price-list tree. Agents 
7 Wanted, 

H.H.BALLARD, 
162, Pittsfield, Mass. 


A New Lot__ > 
Just Recieved. 


Of Azurites, Cuprites, Malachites (Geode: 
form, velvet center, rare) Stalactites, 
Rubelite, Sulpher Crystals, Iron Crys- 
tals, Calcites, many forms, etc., ete. 

Lots sent on approval to reliable par- 
ties, schools, ete. Send for list with 
prices, or order the priced specimens of 
above you desire and we will send on 
receipt. Address, 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., 
3571 Cottage Grove Avenue, 
CHICAGO, ILLS. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.”’ 


rHE OOLOGIST. V7 


to shoot a RIFLE, PISTOL, or SHOT GUN? 
thing that will please you; THE IDEAL HAND- BOOK of useful information to 


SHOOTERS. 


If s so, we think we ae. some- 


It contains 70 pages of knowledge gained through ¢wenty-five 


years’ experience with ARMS and AMMUNITION. Send stamps for postage. 
We wish to interest you, entertain you, save you $$, and make an honest 


aime ourselves. Can we do it? 


Address: 


IDEAL MANUFACTURING CO., Drawer 86 New Haven, Conn., U.S.A, 


PLEASE MENTION OOLOGIST. 


JAPANESE SHELLS 


For Sale or Exchange most of over 
900 species, personal collection, printed 
catalogue on application. The rare 
species, 

Fusus pagoda EES. 

Turcica argentsonitens LISCH. 

Nassaria Magnifica LiscH. 

Volutharpa Perryt, Jay, 

And others. prices on application. 

Showy and rare species in Pecten, 
Rapana, Triton, Fusus, Hburna, Can- 
cellaria, Cassis, Dolium, Turbo, Um- 
bonum, Haliotis, Tellina, Gomphina, 

Cytheria, Tapes, Ur nio, Puma, ete. 

Address, 


Frederick Stearns, (Personal) 
Detroit, Mich., U. S.A. 


Herkimer County Crystals 


My stock of those Bril- 
~liant Gems is the largest & 
finest ever offered for sale. 
Lowest living prices. Ex- 
hibit atWorld’sFair receiy- 
ed Highest Award. Write 
today for new price list Containing illustration 
of this beautiful exhibit. A. B. CRIM, 
Middleville, Herkimer Co., N’ Y. 


od A KLIP —t> 


on your papers and geta 
™ handsome bound Vol. 


Trial dozen, ‘5c. 
yanted. Price-list free. 


H. H. BALLARD, 
162, PITTSFIELD, MASS. 


When answering advertisements 
-always mention the ““OOLOGIST.” 


Agents 


A book no Collecter of either Eggs or 
Birds can afford to be without; 


Pocket Key of the Birds of the 
Northern United States 
East of the Rocky Mts. 


It chacacterizes by the: easiest and plainest 
external features. and in the simplest language 
the 400 species of birds found in the region. 
The few technical terms used are defined in a 
short glossary at the end of the book. The 
scientiffe names are according to the lists of the 
American Ornithologist’s Union and are all 
marked to indicate the pronounciation. Very 
favorable notices have appeared in “‘The Auk,” 
“The Observer,’ and other journals. 


64 pp. Flexible 
cloth binding, 50c. 


Shell Collectors of the Atlantic 
Coast should have: 


Mollusks of the Atlantic 
Coast South to Cape 
Hatteras. 


It is the most recent work on these shells, and 
includes Keys and descriptions of all the spe- 
cies. The Dlates, of 66 figures, and the glossary 
make the manual complete for field use. 


100 pp. Cloth, $1.00. 
Both of the above can be obtained, postage 
paid, for the prices given, by addressing the 


Author, 
AUSTIN C. APCGAR, 
TRENTON, N. J. 


H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY, 


COLLECTORS, RALEICH, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. 


78 THE OOLOGIST. 


A MOST FORTUNATE 
«PURCHASE —_* 


of alar ge shipment, 
three varieties, of 


South American 

eee HUMMING 
cnn Bird SKINS 
occu O18 


Postpaid. 


White Pantaloon. Magnificent 
golden-green breast and body, peacock 
blue fronted head, violct forktail. Reg- 
ular price, 40 cents. 


Violet Eared. Large sized bird, 
most brilliant bronze green breast, olive 
bronze body, pale wine colored wings. 
Regular price, 50 cents. 


Long Tailed. Bronze green body, 
bright bronze green breast; tail nearly 
seven inches long. Regular price, $1. 


If less than “the three skins are or- 
dered, the regular price will 
be charged. 


These Humming Birds are all perfect 
and well made skins, magnificently 
plumaged, and when mounted on a 
branch or in a case with American 
Birds, will show off to great advantage. 
Orders should be forwarded 


romptly—they are too cheap to 
fet long. Address all orders to > 


FRED. KAEMPFER, 
TAXIDERMIST, 


AND DEALER IN 


Taxidermists’ Materials. 
No. 217 East Madison St., Chicago. 


TO OFFER THE 


SET OF THREE 


@ CATALOGUES mailed on request. 


(Mention the OOLOGIST.) 


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to Naturalists, &c 

BUSFON’S NATURAL History, for children, col- 
ored pictures, 16 MO., ClO... -.cecsccscccces --50¢ 


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POULTRY FOR PROFIT. Hints for all Poultry 
Keepers with illustrations. 12 mo. board 


COVer....... Beara net ctate eGievererehestcleios Brapboc -50C: 
ComMOoN SHELLS of Sea Shore. Rev. J. G. 

WiOOUs 1D IMO epea ewe: euetsiicre cu isisciioencers verse 40C 
CoMMON SEA WEEDS Of British Coast. Mrs. 

Lane Clarke, illustrated ................0.00: 40¢ 


ENGLISH WILDFLOWERS. By J. T. Burgess, 
INMUStrated eee econ seise eee eeu 


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Guide to Art of Stuffing Birds, Animals, In- 
sects, etc. By Samuel Wood, illustrated.. .40¢ 

BRITISH OUTDOOR COMMON BirpDs, Their Habits 
and Characteristics. Illustrations of the 
Birds and Eggs, 1% mo.,cloth.............0. $1 00: 

ONE THOUSAND OBJECTS FOR THE MICROSCOPE. 
Illustrated and described, tinted plates, 12 


MWNOa5 OOM podd0 5000 060000G).6 DODDDOOKODOG oc 00 BU 
A FERN BOOK FOR EVERYBODY. Colored plates, 
IP} Go6a0 Gd60 cod00 d500d 000600 cobad000 300000 D0C 


THE SWAN AND HER CREW. Boy Naturalist on 
the Norfolk Broads, illustrated............$1 50 


BIRD PRESERVING AND BIRD MOUNTING. By 
RPA WAS PLZ Oe yeicleileloiciereisereieloreloleintereheteete do coco: 


Of all Booksellers, or Free by mail on receipt of 
price by tne Publishers. 


F. WARNE & CO., 


3 Cooper Union, New York City. 


“Am recommending them to- 
— everyone.’’—R. BIGELOW,,. 
= John Hopkins Univ. 


The KLIP is the Best Binder. 
7 Trial dozen, with keys. 75c. 
Price-list free. Agents wanted. 
H. H. BALLARD, 
162, PITTSFIELD, MASS. 


in Collections of 100 species, 


S H E L L 50 duplicates, making 150: 


sheils. Scientific names and in most cases com- 
mon name and authority. Valuable for schools. 
and scientific purposes. Also Rare 


Cabinet Shells, Minerals, Fossils, 
Indian Relics. etc. 


Send for SHELL CATALOGUE. 


Specimens sent on approval where reference is. 
furnished. 


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Naturalists Agency, 
357 West Van Buren St. Chicago, III. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.” 


Spal 


“dulva 


ee ee 


q pue sssq 


“Hava 


IW UvIPU] ‘puRis] 
“saauod 


Meo 


‘ASQOHYALY M 


THE OOLOGIST. 


“VOL. XI. NO. 3. 


Nesting Habits of the Brown Pelican in 
Florida. 


It has been a question with me for 
“some years whether many birds were 
not enemies to man by reason of their 
-destruction of certain animals and veg- 
-etables upon which man depends. I[ 
.am aware that the point is now almost 
universally taken that in the economy 
-of nature all creatures are required to 
maintain a proper balance. In that ex- 
-cellent book on the Hawks and Owls 
by Dr. Fisher, it is quite conclusively 
-shown that the large majority of our 
rapacious birds are beneficial to man 
“while there are but very few about 
-which there still remains any doubt. 
However, although the investigations 
-of scientists have demonstrated that 
nearly all birds in the United States are 
“man’s assistants, it has not as yet been 
“proven to observers that many of the 
fish-eating species are beneticial. 
Let us take the Brown Pelican as an 
example and strike a balance in refer- 
-ence to its vast destructive powers up- 
on the fishes, wherever it is found. 
This bird is provided with marvelous 
digestive powers and is capable of swal- 
lowing a great many fish in a year. 
We will suppose that an adult Peli- 
‘can will swallow, or at least destroy 
sixteen fish a day, each weighing four 
‘ounces (a low average); we find that 
‘the allowance reaches one thousand, 
four hundred and sixty pounds of fish 
per year for a single individual One 
colony of Pelicans embracing 5,000 
birds would require over 3,600 tons of 
fish or way over 7,000,000 pounds, which, 
supposing that the same amount could 
be marketed at five cents a pound would 
‘amount to $350,000. 
These figures, which I doubt not are 
most reasonable, are truly remarkable, 


ALBION, N. Y., MARCH, 1894. 


WHOLE No. 101 


and when we consider that there are 
hundreds of these colonies, a few being 
much larger, but mostly smaller, in the 
Union alone, the calculation is truly 
terrific. 

On principle it might be well to kill 


. off these birds whieh feed almost ex- 


clusively on our food-fishes, but we 
might with equal propriety advocate 
the destruction of the Fish Hawk, King- 
fisher and many species of Gulls and 
Herons and ochers well known. 

The Brown Pelican is not commonly 
seen north of 35 degrees on the Atlan- 
tic coast, and in most localities form- 
erly occupied north of 380 degrees, the 
birds are now quite scarce, but isolated 
rookeries are found south of 28 de- 
grees,some of which are quite extensive 
on the eastern coast of Florida. On 
the gulf coast the nests are also found, 
sometimes in large rookeries. 

Not far from Galveston, Texas there 
was a factory for the rendering of Peli- 
can oil from the bodies of the birds tak- 
en near at a celebrated place of resort. 
This oil factory was allowed to run un- 
molested by the state for several years 
and only shut down when the supply of 
birds ran out and the few remaining 
birds unbutchered left for other quar- 
ters. 

On one occasion I visited the nesting 
place and general resort of a large col- 
ony of Pelicans on Indian River, Flor- 
ida. Indian River, so-called is not a 
stream in any sense of the term but a 
salt-water lagcon. Separated from the 
Atlantic ocean by a long, low, narrow 


THE FRONTISPIECE :—The picture or view 
shows a group of Pelican nests; some with 
eggs others with birds of different sizes One 
large one which is in the downy plumage is 
seen hisSing at the tough looking crowd of 
shooters who stand on the shore of the island. 
In the background is seen the so-called Indian 
River which is covered with Pelicans but 
which the camera failed to show. 


82 THE OOLOGIST. 


‘ 


strip of sand, it communicates with’ the birds were fully three or four times: 


the sea by a few narrow openingscalled’. 


inlets. In this lagoon are many low 
islands and all along the low ragged 
shores are numerous smaller lagoons or 
bayous, which furnish feeding grounds 
on the waters and nesting quarters on 
the shores for the Herons and other 
waders as also for manyswimmers. 

At our stopping place, known as Oak 
Lodge, or as the Seminole Indians 
called it, Alatka Shako, 
from ten to twenty persons constantly 
during the winter mouths. Among 
others Professor Jencks of Brown Uni- 
versity, who is an annual visitor to the 
sub-tropical regions. Then there were 
several young men from the North, who 
‘were in for any kind of a lark. Also 
John Baird, captain of a small schoon- 
er, and who made his headquarters at 
this place. He was our chief depen- 
dence as he was familiar with each is- 
land and bayou in the vicinity, and 
moreover was an excellent sailor aad a 
kind and thoughtful companion. 

After sailing over all the river in our 
neighborhood, we one day decided to 
visit Pelican Island ten miles down the 
lagoon and a few miles below the 
mouth of the St. Sebastian River. Ac- 
cordingly about the middle of February 
six of us provisioned and armed our- 
selves, and set off inthe yacht with .a 
good breeze. The Pelicans, which we 
had studied for some time as they flew 
back and forth were the constant tar- 
get at which all visitors shot, and it is 
a surprise that. the birds do not all 
leave the section. The Brown Pelicans 
have a love for a nesting spot and they 
adhere to a chosen site even when per- 
secuted year after year. This rookery 
has been known to exist for over twen- 
ty years andthe birds have been shot 
and robbed of their eggs and young an- 
nually for over a decade and yet they 
persist in nesting in the same. situation 
each winter and spring. We were in- 
formed by residents near at hand, that 


there Wwere- 


as many on the island afew years ago. 


and that the eggsand young were ten 


to twenty times more numerous a few 
seasons back. aan 
When the yacht drew near to the is- 


-land the birds began to get uneasy and_ 


constantly arose singly or in small 
flocks from the water near at hand, but 
it was only after we had left for land 
in the smali boat and firel a volley at 
the huge birds, that a good idea was. 
had of the size of the colony. 

At the first shot clouds of clumsily 
built creatures arose from the island 
and near shore and again settled sever- 
al hundred feet away on the river. At. 
each discharge new detachments arose 
with a mighty rush of wings, and mak- 
ing a noise with the beating of their- 
huge pinions not unlike distant thun- 
der. 

By an honest estimate I calculate 
that there were 4,000 birds present 
when we first hove in sight, but no 
others of the party agreed with me, as. 
they all placed the number at a much 
higher figure, one even asserting that 
there were not less than 10,000 birds. 
Of course a great many were away fish- 
ing, and perhaps the larger majority 
were securiny fish away from home, as 
I know to a certainty that these birds 
often seek their food fully twenty miles 
away, and] should not be surprised to 
learn that they flew fifty to a hundred 
miles for supplies during nesting sea- 
son, and when the demand and necess- 
ity is greater. 

Many of the old birds kept flying over 
us, offering easy and tempting shots. 
These birds were undoubtedly anxious. 
for the safety of their young. But the 
large majority of the colony flew away 
or sat silently with bended necks a few 
hundred yards out, where they alter- 
nately drifted with the faint breeze. 
which reached them in the sheltered 
situation and fished in their usual man~ 
TEIPS 


THE OOLOGIS?. 8S 


Nearly all of the nests were built on 
the ground, although a few dozen were 
in the branches of the black mangrove 
trees which grew scantily on the north 
shore of the island. The nests in the trees 
were more substantial structures than 
those on the sand but were of much the 
same materials, sticks, coarse grass, 
and rank weed stalks. The sticks, 
some of which were fully a. yard long, 
were often quite an inch thick. 
birds evidently get the nesting mater- 
ials in part from the main shore or the 
other islands as tnere is not enough on 
the island to furnish them al!, particul- 
arly in the line of twigs. 

Some of the nests in the Jow man- 
groves were not more than a foot across 
and Were mainly simple platforms with 
very slight hollows. The tree nests 
were generally in the lower branches 
and from two to eight feet up, but a 
few were ten or twelve feet np, and 
some in the very tops of these naturally 
low trees, ali of fifteen feet or a little 
more. © 

On first landing on this island of four 
or five acres we found all the nests in 
the trees to contain young or eggs about 
ready to hatch, and were disappointed, 
but on crossing to the south side we 
found eges in plenty, as well as young 
of all sizes up to three weeks. This led 
us to think that the first eggs of the 
rookery must have been laid as early as 
the last of December. 

Three eggs appeared to be the aver- 
age number, although many nests con- 
tained only two and some only one egg 
advanced in incubationand a few held 
four but no nests contained five. There 
must have been two hundred nests 
which contained eggs or young, some 
containing both eggs and young from a 
week to ten days old. Again nests held 
birds which varied a week or two in 
ages, and in one instance the dissimil- 
arity in size was so great that the larger 
young one was endeavoring to swallow 
his diminutive squab relative. 


The. 


- We were informed that when the eggs’ 
roll from the nests there are frequent 
fights as tothe right of posses-ion. 
This theory to account for the variation’ 
in theages of birds in a nest may be 
correct, but would seem invalidated by 
the fact that no nests were found to 
hold over four eggs or, young or both. 
For we may reason thatsome birds of an 
unusually pugnacious disposition would 
certainly secure more than their share 
of eggs. Nevertheless, the habit of 
stealing may obtain and the Pelicans 
know full well when the complement of 
four eggs is reached. At any rate the 
egos get changed about, in some inex- 
plicable manner, and the emerging of 
the young varies much in time. I have 
thought that possibly some boy visitors: 
to the island in a sense of joke, or some: 
naturalist, for experiment, may have’ 
changed the eggs, but still the fact that 


four is the largest set, and we found a 


set of four fresh, even sized and even 
shaped eggs in one nest would indicate: 
that this is the limit. ; 

In the warm climate where these’ 
birds nest, the thermometer indicating 
over 100 degrees Fahrenheit in the sun 
at the time of our visit the old Peli- 
cans do not need to incubate during the 
day, and the complete sets of fresh eggs 
indicate this, while they also prove that 
the eggs of the clutch are laid closely to- 
gether. Ifthese inferences are correct, 
then we must fall back on the story -of 
the pilfering of the eggs by the birds. 
If any one ean add to our information 
on this subject, I know that the natur- 
alists would like to learn the facts. 

-The young when first emerged are 
disgusting looking, red, naked, skinny 
things; in fact at no time during its ex- 
istence can we allude to the Brown Pel- 
ican as handsome in any degree. When 


the birds are nearly a week old they 


are covered with down, and at this 
time they present a ludicrous appear- 
ance, heightened by their attempts to 
waddle out of the observer’s way, or, 


84 THE OOLOGIST 


later, when they sit up in the wreck of 
‘a nest and hiss spitefully at the collec- 
tor, making stupid lunges with their 
long, ungainly beaks. 

By using care I secured nearly two 
hundred fresh eggs for my cabinet and 
my collector friends at the north. 
‘These eggs were packed in a big box 
‘with plenty of grass and were about all 
‘one man wanted to carry through the 
long rank grass on the island. 

The eggs are white and covered with 
‘a thick incrustation of lime. After the 
‘eggs have been in the nest a few days 
‘they bezome much soiled and in this 
way can be told from the fresh eggs. 
‘They may be readily scraped with a 
‘sharp knife and cleaned, but of course 
‘to an accurate odlogist this plan is not 
‘preferred, as eggs should be allowed to 
‘remain natural. 

There are hundreds of interesting 
points on which I would like to speak, 
especially on the habits of the old birds 
in flying, fishing and feeding their 
young, but space forbids more at pres- 
‘ent, although I may give additional 
notes if requested. 

After shooting a number of specimens 
for the collection we ranged along on 
the shore and Mr. Henry Young took a 
view of the party with his camera, with 
‘a foreground of nests, eggs and young.* 

Next day I blew all the fresh eggs 
and packed them in Spanish moss, and 
‘they arrived at my Michigan home in 
perfect condition. I attempted to eat 
-a Pelican’s egg, but the flavor was too 
‘strong for me. 

Morris GIBBS. 


W.A. Oldfield of Port Sanilac, Mich., 
‘writes that on the night of Feb. 3d_ his 
‘store and contents were destroyed by 
fire. He also lost his bird notes, his ac- 
‘counts with collectors and a_ portion 
of his collection. : 


* A half-tone of this photo is given in this 
OoLOGIST. 


Evening Grosbeak. 


(Coccothraustes vespertina) 

Truly this is well named a bird of the 
night for, though not literally of noc- 
turnal nature, it is canopied by black- 
ness of such ebon hue as might make 
Pluto envious or the shades :of Erebus 
pale. Here, found in the plumage of 
our bird is a most remarkable triad of 
colors, blending, too, as they do, in 
such beauty that, to say nothing of the 
beak which can be distinguished almost 
as far as the bird itself, it must indeed 
be one who cares not for the wonderful 
and mysterious in Nature that will pass 
this Grosbeak without more than cur- 
sory notice. 

Prof. Coues sees in this bright avian 
being the ailegory of diurnal transmi- 
tation. I have watched them with 
wonder akin to awe, as they congre- 
gated in the tree tops at early morn or 
at eventide, with the soft rays of a ris- 
ing or declining sun heightening or les- 
sening the degree of intensity of their 
colors, and can well see wherein he 
draws his illustration. 

In the adult male the plumage colors 
are black. white and yellow, with in- 
termediate shades of the same. The 
crown, wings, tail and its. upper coy- 
erts are glossy black. Frons and line 
over the eye, rump, under secondary 
and tail coverts, yellow. Tertiaries 
and inner greater wing coverts are 
white, forming a broad patch that con- 
trasts deeply with its setting of black 
and gold, and is conspicuous either 
when the bird is on the wing or resting. 
Breast and under parts are yellow-olive, 
shading to deeper olive on the throat 
and around neck, and fading into the 
yellow of the under tail coverts. Feet, 
dark flesh color. Bill, greenish-yellow. 
Length of both sexes about the same, 
averaging 7.75. 

Male and female differ much in 
shade of markings, the latter being 


THE OOLOGIST. 85. 


not so striking in appearance. The 
white patch of wings of male is lacking 
or imperfect, and the colors in general 
are subdued, excepting the white spaces 
on inner webs of the primaries which 
are clear. Underneath brownish, with 
faint, irregular traees of yellow. 
Young of the year resemble the female. 

Both sexes arrive here from the North 
together, usually in November, and 
take their departures in March or April, 
though a few loiterers may remain later. 

Information regarding the nidifica- 
tion of this species is very meager,there 
being but few recorded instances of its 
nesting. Its eggs are said to be similar 
to those of the well known Rose- 
bre sted Grosbeak, but the evidence is 
not altogether csatisfactory. Of this 
bird there still remains much to be 
learned. 

Their food here seems to be the buds 
of the cottonwood (Populus monilifera) 
and box-elder (Acer negundo) and in 
these two trees they are more often 
found than in others, generally peck- 
ing at the buds. 

They manifest little fear for mankind 
and continue to eat uninteruptedly 
while the observer stands near them. 
My winter notes of a certain date,read: 
This morning I saw a lone Evening 
Grosbeak in a box-elder near the house. 
It*seemed not in the least shy of me, as 
I walked within a few feet of it and it 
hardly hesitated in its work of gathers 
ing a breakfast of elder buds. This is 
but one of many times that I have not- 
iced its rare trustfulness. 

They are not common here, at least 
not very common, but can not be called 
rare. This season I have not noted 
their presence. ‘The winter of 1890 
they visited us in considerable numbers 
and could be found in their favorite 
trees almost any day until late in the 
spring. That same winter we read 
many notices of their occurrence where 
they had not before been observed. 
They are erratic and even here in Minn- 


esota, where we can expect to see them, 
we often pass a winter without noting. 
their presence. They come and go 
without warning. Flocks, two, three 
or a single bird will be seen, and per- 
haps found for several days in the 
same locality, only to vanish suddenly 
and be as though they had not been 
known. 

I well remember my first acquaintance, 
made several years ago, with this re- 
markable bird. It was inthe month of 
February. I was passing near some 
trees when a flock of Evening Gros- 
beaks flew over my head, uttering a ery 
so like the fall notes of the Robin that, 
involuntarily, I paused and looked for 
that well known bird, hardly believing 
my ears had deceived me even when I 
saw that the Grosbeak was the author 
of the sound. In a moment they had 
passed from sight, and left me medita- 
ting on what I had heard and witnessed. 

The momentary view of an unfamil- 
iar being of such wonderful and_ strik- 
ing appearance awakened in my mind 
a strange train of thought. I stood 
lost in' wonderment, hoping, fearing, 
doubting, yet wishing to believe I be- 
held visitors from the mystic land. 
Other strange feelings crowded in up- 
onmeasI stood gazing into the dis- 
tance where that bright vision had so 
lately vanished, which all the more al- 
most convinced me I saw something 
not of ordinary life. But, not altogeth- 
er happily, I have become familiar 
with this shadowy pilgrim from the 
north, and I cease to wonder so much. 
But from my first thoughts there must 
always linger around the Evening 
Grosbeak a weirdness that will ever 
come before me with the form or re- 
memberance of this, after all, little 
known bird—fit representative of a lit- 
tle known region. 


A strange quietness broods o’er thy’ tri-colored 
form 

When thou comest, a spirit born on wings of 
the storm; 


86 THE OOLOGiST. 


As boreal spirit, of the Hesperides, 

‘Is thy home far beyond trackless, untraveled 
seas? 

_And do the blasts of the North thus drive you 
astray? 

_Are thy bright tinted vestments Auroras dis- 
play? 

What meaneth the darkness in thy vesture of 
gold? 

‘The immaculate setting thy pinions enfold? 

.O stay! return not yet to thy far northern 


home 

°Till thou givest me tidings not found in a 
tome ; 

I read, ‘‘vespertina,’ thy name, ‘‘life little 
known.” 


Mysterious bird, thy guarded secrets thy own, 

For, weird, silent, and brooding, thou Shrouded 
remain ; 

In the mystical glamour that palls thy domain, 

_Just for a brief season and the sun brings the 

j day 

When thou wilt spread thy dark pinions—van- 
ish away. 

By the time Boreas is nearly ready to 
withdraw and let the gentle south wind 
unchain rivers and lakes, and loose the 
fastenings that the buds may burst 
forth on the trees and quietly hint at 
the approaching vernal season, the 
Evening Grosbeak, on sable pinions set 
with white, flits silently by, like some 
strange thing of inauspicious omen, re- 
turning to its northern fastnesses and, 
I suppose, domestic felicity. 

LESLIE O. Dart, 
Litchfield, Minn. 


< 


My Friend, Hairy. 

While walking through a strip of 
woods on a beautiful Sunday afternoon 
in the latter part of May, 1890, my at- 
tention was called to a Hairy Wood- 
pecker, whose actions showed it to be 
laboring under great excitement. Ina 
few minutes I found out the cause—it 
was my too close proximity to a dead 
poplar, near the top of which wasa 
hole. 

The tree was a bad one to go up with 
its loose, decaying, dirty bark, with a 
nest of black ants inside, and the hole 

“looked small, much too small for a 


Hairy Woodpecker to get into, and 
worst of all I had ona new pair of Sun- 
day pants. 

To climb, or not to climb, that was 
the question, but the Hairy was getting 
more excited than ever, so I climbed— 
up through the nest of crawling ants 
and falling dirt, up to the hole, thirty 
feet up, or so; then stopped to rest, but 
a moment later, slid wearily back to 
earth again for I heard the young peep- 
ing in the hole. 

After emptying the dirt from my 
clothes and trying in vain to make my 
pants look as freshas formerly, I turned 
homeward, not feeling particularly 
pleased with my ramble. But at least 
IT had seen how the Hairy built and had 
found out the time of breeding. 

I kept the remembrance in my mind, 
and the sixth of May, of the following 
year found me again in the same strip 
of woods, and soon standing by the tree 
I had climbed the year before. A limb 
cracked under my foot, and out of the 


‘Hairy’s hole, which had been enlarged, 


dashed a Yellow-shafted Flicker. But 
I was not after Flicker’s eggs, and be- 
sides it was too early to expect any, so 
I moved on. Back and forth I walked 
through the strip cf woods, seeing plen- 
ty of signs but no ‘‘good” hole until I 
arriyed at a clump of dead poplars, and 
in one of them, about twenty feet from 
the ground, I saw a hole. 

The ground was strewn with fresh 
chips, which had been thrown from the 
hole. Arap on the tree brought out 
the female Hairy. The tree was not 
over six inches in diameter and was too 
shaky to climb. This difficulty was 
soon overcome, for near by grew an ash 
sapling. I was soon in the top branch- 
es of the sapling, and my weight bent 
it over against the stub. It seemed as 
if everything had been planned for my 
convenience, for at the top of the sap- 
ling was a crotch which fitted around — 
the stub and kept me from swaying, a 
dead limb kept the sapling from sliding 


THE OOLOGIST. 87 


‘down, and two others served as foot- 
vrests;and the hole came at just the right 
place to get at it easily. I then took 
‘out my “ege scoop’ (consisting of a 
little bag sewn in a loop of a wire eigh- 
‘teen inches long) and proceeded to bus- 
iness. 

I reached carefully down with the 
“seoop” until I could feel it touch the 
cround surface of the eggs. One ata 
‘time they were brought up to light 
‘through the ten-inch cavity, four in all 
—four beauties with a yellowish pink- 
ish color. How earefully I packed 
‘them in my box and then slid carefully 
tothe ground! But I had to take th+m 
‘from the box and look at them again, 
before I was ready to pack them for 
‘carrying home. ‘That evening however 
they were finally laid away safely in 
my cabinet. Fora week, though, I had 
to look at them two or three times a 
(lay to see if they were all right. 

About two weeks aft rward, on the 
2st of May. I happened in the same 
locality again and went to the Hairy’s 
hole and tapped on the tree. What 
was my surprise to see the female leave 
‘the hole. I did not loose much time in 
reaching the hole and was soon reward- 
ed with a set of four, which were as 
beautiful as the first set. 

Meanwhile the female was flying 
-around and erying “quit! quit! quit!” 
But I did not ‘‘quit” and soon this set 
was lying with the first in my cabinet. 

On the second of June, I again visit- 
-ed the piece of woods to look after some 
warblers’ nests I had found on a pre- 
vious visit. Passing the ‘‘woodpecker 
tree,” I threw a stick at it for luck. It 
struck, and immediately the male Hairy 
left the nest. And as he flew to an oak 
tree near by, the notes he uttered 
seemed to be ‘‘quit, quit, quit, get-out- 
-of-this, you’ve-’ad-enough!” But an 
“ego-crank” is hard to satisfy, and 
soon there was another set of four 
Hairy Woodpecker’s eggs in my collec- 
‘tion. I did not get a chance to visit the 


Woodpecker again that year, and so do 
not know whether another set was laid 
or not. But I think that three sets 
from the same bird in year is 
enough for most anyone. 

The following year on May 3, 1892, I 
was hunting for my Hairy again. The 
wind had blown over the nesting site of 
the previous year. However, in half 
an hour, the new site was found; it was 
in a five inch poplar, 15 feet from the 
ground, not a limb to stand on and no 
convenient sapling. A couple of feet 
above the hole, and on the opposite side 
ofthe tree, was the remains of a 
I climbed up, hung my climbing strap 
over the limb, buekled it up and; 
sat in the loop thus formed while I ex- 
amined the hole. It contained only 
one egg which I left. I did not see ei- 
ther of the birds this time. 

On May 14th, I was on the spot again. 
In response to my rap the female left 
the hole, and it seemed to me she rec- 
ognized me and as she flew to a neigh- 
boring tree she seemed to say “you, 
you, you, here again?” I obtained a 
set of four, incubation about one-third. 

On May 28, I obtained a fresh set of 
four and did not go near her again that 
year. 

The following year I did not go out 
until the leaves were rather thick on 
the trees. My bird was not to be found 
in her old haunts. But as I was going 
home she came to meet me from anoth- 
er strip of woods and it seemed to me 
she said ‘‘you, you, you, got-left” and I 
had, for the leaves were so thick I 
could not find the nest. 

H. T VAN OstTRAND. 


one 


limb. 


> 


A Few Thoughts. 


I have noticed with increasing dis- 
approval the tendency of a large num- 
ber of collectors to pay more attention 
to the simple gathering together of a 
large number of shells of different col- 
or, shape and markings, for the purpose 


88 THE OOLOGIST. 


of being able to say they had so many 
different varieties, than to the study of 
the habits and peculiarities of the birds 
themselves. The persons who follow 
this plan are not naturalists; they are 
simply collectors, and collectors of the 
worst sort. There are naturalists to 
my knowledge who have only a col- 
lection of some thirty or forty species 
of eggs, but their knowledge of the 
birds themselves and their habits is 
something every naturalist with a col- 
lection of hundreds of kinds cannot 
boast. 

I think that the idea of collecting 
more eggs than is wanted in one’s own 
eollection has gained too much ground 
with our naturalists. It is not the 
student of nature who does this sort of 
thing; it is simply, as you might say, 
the pot-hunter. And truly the pot- 
hunter is the more noble of the two (if 
such term is applicable to either), as 
the birds have a slight chance (and 
very slight too)for their lives with the 
pot-hunter, while the rapacious egg- 
hunter carries off the eggs by the 
hundred without a thought as to the 
immense number of birds he is really 
destroying. 

It seems to me that some _ steps 
should be taken to stop this willful and 
cruel slaughter. The gaining of a few 
paltry dollars at the expense of the 
lives of hundreds of the beautiful in- 
habitants of the air seems to me rather 
a poor exchange. Did any one ever 
hear of an Audubon or a Wilson com- 
mitting such an act? No, never! 
They would have considered them- 
selves forever disgraced and totally un- 
worthy to occupy the high place which 
they do among American ornitholo- 
gists. 

I think we should all depend upon 
ourselves for the specimens in our col- 
lection; not upon the efforts of others. 
Then there would be less incorrect 
identification. The number of eggs in 
the average collection which are wrong- 


ly identified are usually about as large- 
as those which are properly named. 

If all collectors could and would read 
the life of Audubon and would try to- 
imitate him more closely we would 
have a far better class of naturalists 
in every respect, in our little ornitho- - 
logical world. 

Anyone who visited the World’s Fair - 
will have seen that Ornithology is a 
science and not a mere pastime alone, 
as too many seem to regard it. The. 
exhibits of this branch of science in the: 
Anthropological Building were truly 
wonderful, and did a great deal to 
show what can be done in this line by 
careful study and perseverance. 

I wish to say just a word against 
the chief tyrant of our feathered vis- 
itors—the English Sparrow. It seems 
to me that every effort shouJd be made 
to influence the legislature to pass a 
law offering a bounty for their death. 
This would quickly thin out their num- 
bers and give us back the birds that 
used to be in abundance about our 
doors before the advent of this stran- 
ger. If all the readers of the O6L6GIST 
would do what they could toward driv- 
ing this bird out, we would soon be 
able to see a noticeable increase in the 
number of our own native birds. 

I hope that this little article will put. 
the matter in the right light with at 
least a few collectors, and that there 
will be more observation of the habits, 
and a little less collection in quantities 
of the eggs, of our birds. 

FRED W. PARKHURST, 
Bath, N.Y. 


>< 


Nesting of Leconte’s Sparrow. 
Leconte’s Sparrows are fairly numer- 
ous in the vicinity of Reaburn, Mani- 
toba. Their peculiar note can be heard 
both day and night in fine weather, the 
only sound I can compare it to is the: 
note of the grasshopper. 


THE OOLOGIST. 89 


It is one of the most difficult small 
birds to collect that I know of. They 
are great skulkers, I have often fol- 
lowed them guided by their chirping in 
the grass, until I was sure the bird 
was not more than a few 
yards away, then he would suddenly 
‘crowd on all sail’ and dart away at a 
high rate of speed, gyrating from side 
to side in a manner that would test the 
skill of any collector. 

On June 18th Mr. W. Raine, then my 
companion at Reaburn, discovered a 
small nest containing five small, speck- 
led eggs, which we felt sure were the 
eggs of the Leconte’s Sparrow as the 
birds were in the vicinity all the time, 
the locality was carefully noted and we 
visited it four or five timesa day. On 
the morning of the 21st upon wakening 
we found it raining, but in a short time 
we were cautiously approaching the 
nest, when within a few yards the bird 
flushed and by a lucky shot I knocked 
it over and in another moment I had in 
my hand the parent bird, Leconte’s 
Sparrow. | 

On the 19th while walking over the 
prairie we almost tramped upon a 
small bird as it fluttered from under 
our feet and a short search revealed a 
nest containing four young birds and 
an addled egg, the egg corresponded 
exactly with the others, the nest also 
was identical and the glimpse we had 
of the bird made it doubtless that “it 
was another nest of Leconte’s Sparrow. 

The nests wer: composed of fine 
grass, cup-shaped and deep, carefully 
eoncealed in the centre of a thick tuft 
of grass. The eggs are greenish white 
ground color, thickly speckled with 
pale ashy-brown and the average size 
is .65x.50. 

G. F. Drerin, 
Toronto, Canada. 


To-pay you should either renew, sub- 
scribe or send in a new subscriber to 
the OdLoaisT for 794. 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


His Second Southern Tour. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH 
Xe 

Only two hundred copies of the first 
volume of the American Ornithology 
had been printed in the first edition. 
The very gratifying success of his re- 
cent northern and southern subscrip- 
tion tours seemed to warrant an addit- 
ional three hundred copies. While the 
new edition was in press, Wilson assid- 
uously directed his attention to the prep- 
aration of the second volume, which 
was completed and ready for the print- 
er in August, but owing to delay it did 
not appear till five months later, in 
January, 1810. An enormous out-lay ” 
had been necessary in order to perfect 
the plates, and in meeting this expense 
Wilson became involved in difficulties 
of which he never imagined. There- 
fore before the work on the plates and 
text of the third volume could begin it. 
was necessary for him to undertake a 
third tour in search of subscribers and 
to collect information. Asecund south- 
ern pilgrimage was agreed upon, but 
this time following the courses of the 
Ohio and Mississippi Rivers to New Or- 
leans. The ornithologist corresponded 
with his old friend and adviser, Mr. 
Bartram as to the best means of travel. 
In fact Mr. Bartram expected to ac- 
company him on this expedition, but 
for some unknown reason (probably 
however the age of his friend would 
not admit of such a tedious undertak- 
ing), he was as usual, compelled to pro- 
ceed alone. The account of this ornith- 
ological journey comes to us through 
letters written from time to time to his 
friends in Philadelphia, and particular- 
ly to his engraver, Mr. Lawson. His 
first letter is from Pittsburg and bears 
the date of February 22, 1810. 


90 THE OOLOGIST. 


In the latter part of January he bade 
adieu to Philadelphia and departed in 
the direction of Lancaster at which ‘he 
arrived in a few days. On arriving at 
Lancaster he waited on the Governor 
who received him civilly. The distin- 
guishe| gentleman was highly pleased 
with the work and readily added his 
name to the list. Wilson was intro- 
duced to many members of both houses 
of the legislature, but abandoned them 
all in disgust, as in general he found 
them a ‘pitiful squabbling political 
mob’’ without knowing anything about 
the forms of legislation. The follow- 
ing Sunday he crossed the Susquehanna 
River experiencing great difficulty as 
he was obliged to cut his way through 
ice for several hundred yards. Passing 
on to York he paid his respects to all the 

, literary talent in the place, without any 
success, however. While here he learn- 
ed of a most extraordinary character, 
between eighty and ninety years of age, 
who had lived by trapping birds and 
animals for over thirty years. Through 
the kindness of an acquaintance he was 
driven out to see him, taking a half 
pound of snufi, of which he was insat- 
jably fond, taking it by handfuls. The 
strange individual was a store house of 
information relating to woodcraft and 
told ancedotes of the greater part of the 
subjects of the first volume. 

At Hanover a Judge told him ‘‘that 
such a book as mine ought not to be en- 
couraged, as it was not within reach of 
the commonalty, and therefore incon- 
sistent with our republican  institu- 
tions.’’ Wilson cooly took this passing 
of the sage’s opinion and added that in- 
asmuch as he had built such a large 
handsome three story brick house, that 
also was beyond the reach of the com- 
monalty and therefore he was as great 
a culprit as himself. Wilson pointed 
out to the Judge the importance of 
science to a rising nation with so much 
earnestness and effect that he began to 
show signs of shame. 


Departing from Chambersburg, leb- 
ruary 11th he began the ascent of the 
Allegany mountains, whose great de- 
clivities were extensively covered with 
timber. On arriving in view of Pitts- 
burgh he was much impressed with the 
distant view of the place. Pittsburgh 
was much the same dirty, smoky city 
then as it is atthe present day. For he 
remarks that while yet.afar off he saw 
the cloud of black smoke that always 
overhangs it. He thought Pittsburgh 
had a decided Birmingham aspect. 
The ice in the Monongahela River was 
just breaking up so he remained in the 
vicinity of the city exploring the woods 
till the ice left the stream. He exhib- 
ited his book with success beyond ex- 
pectation, securing fourteen new sub- 
seribers. He was persuaded to make 
the journey by water instead of by land 
as the roads were impassible for a land 
journey. ‘Thereupon he purchased a 
small boat which he very appropriatly 
named the Ornithologist, intending to 
proceed in it to Cincinnati, a distance 
of more than five hundred miles He 
procured his stock of provision, consist- 
ing of some biscuit and cheese and a 
bottle of cordial a gentleman in Pitts- 
burgh presented him> with. All these 
were stored away in one end of the 
boat with his trunk, gun and extra coat, 
and a tin vessel to bale his boat with 
and to take his ‘‘beverage from the 
Ohio.”’ 

Bidding adieu to the smoky city of 
Pittsburgh, he launched his bark into 
the stream and was soon winding his 
way among the hills that everywhere 
enclosed that magnificent river. The 
spring weather was warm and serene, 
the river like a mirror, except where a 
few widely scattered fragments of ice 
spotted the surface. His heart ex- 
panded with delight at the novelties 
which surrounded him. ‘The sweet 
whistling of the Red-bird on the border- 
ing banks; the smoke of the numerous 
maple sugar camps rising lazily among 


THE OOLOGIST. 91 


the mountains; the grotesque log cabins 
that here and there opened from the 
woods, gave a most delightful effect to 
‘he varying landscape. The current 
flowed about two and a half miles an 
hour, but Wilson finding this too slow 
stripped himself with alacrity to the 
oar and added three miles and a half to 
his speed. In the course of the first 
day he passed a number of Kentucky 
boats or arks, loaded with people, 
horses and ploughs, flour, etc. The 
arks were the principal means of com- 
muuication and transportation between 
the scattered settlements along the 
river. They were propelled by two 
huge oars at each side, and steered by 
a long one behind, and made about 
twenty milesa day. ‘They approached 
a village with much the same demon- 
strati nn as a stage coach nowadays does 
in the mountains, with loud and long 
trumpet blasts to announce to the in- 
habitants their arrival. 

Our traveler left behind him fifty-two 
miles the first day and an hour after 
night fall he landed before a miserable 
eabin where he obtained lodging for the 
night. He relates that he slept on what 
he supposed were corn stalks or some- 
thing worse, the uncomfortableness of 
which caused him to rise long before 
day break and proceed on his voyage. 
The early hour was delightful and as 
he silently swept down the smooth 
glassy surface of the stream the far 
away hideous hooting of the Horned 
Owl, and the first morning carol of the 
Song Sparrow were in harmony with 
the projecting headlands beautifully re- 
flected in the placid water. In this 
lonesome manner, with an abundance 
of leisure for observation and reflection, 
exposed to hardships all day, and hard 
berths at night,to storms, rain, hail and 
snow he persevered twenty-one days 
till Sunday evening, March 17th he 
moored his frail bark safely in Bear 
Grass Creek at the rapids of the Ohio, 
having made in that time a voyage of 
seven hundred and twenty miles. 


Wilson became profoundly interested 
in the remarkable Indian mounds in the 
town of Marietta, Ohio. He explored 
several of them and manifested much 
regret that he had not the time to in- 
vestigate their hidden treasures. About 
ten miles below the mouth of the Great 
Scioto he was overtaken by a heavy 
rain storm, which soon changed to hail 
and snow. ‘The fury of the tempest up- 
rooted multitudes of trees along the 
bank blocking the passage and com- 
pelled him to keep his boat in the mid- 
dle of the stream which he says rolled 
and foamed like the sea. After a des- 
perate effort he succeeded in landing 
near a cabin on the Kentucky shore. 
The cabin was that of a man called a 
“squatter’’ an immediate successor of 
the Indian occupancy, who subsist by 
trapping. The proprietor was a veter- 
an in the art of wood craft and Wilson 
listened with interest to his recital of 
hunting and trapping exploits. In re- 
spect to these squatter inhabitants he 
says that nothing adds more to the say- 
age grandeur and picturesque effect of 
the scenery along the Ohio, than these 
miserable huts of human beings, lurk- 
ing at the bottom of gigantic growths 
of timber, that has its equal in no other 
part of the United States. On nearer 
approach however their appearance is 
apt to break the charm, for they are lit- 
tle better than pig sties. At these habi- 
tations Wilson was obliged tovremain at 
night or else encamp in the forest with 
no protection from the elements. 

Our traveler reached the Big Blue 
Lick where the bones of extinct animals 
have been taken in great numbers, but 
at that early time comparatively little 
was known of the locality, and only a 
few bones had been found. The place 
is a low valley, surrounded on all sides 
by high hills. In the center is a quag- 
mire of an acre in extent. Wilson 
nearly lost his own life in pursuing a 
Duck across the quagmire, into which 
he sank, extricating himself only by a 


92 THE OOLOGIST. 


desperate effort. He reached Louis- 
ville in the night having been detained 
upon his way by a vain pursuit of Wild 
Turkeys, until it was so late that he 
was alarmed in the evening by hearing 
the distant sound of rapids sometime 
before he reached the city. He reached 
Bear Grass Creek; landed in safety; 
took his luggage on his shoulder, and 
groped his way in the dark to the town. 
From here he writes: ‘‘The next day I 
sold my skiff for exactly half what it 
cost me; and the man who bought it 
wondered why I gave it such a droll In- 
dian name(The Ornithologist) ‘some old 
chief or warrior, I suppose,’ said he.”’ 

Leaving his baggage to be forwarded 
by wagon he proceeded on foot to Lex- 
ington, a distance of seventy-two miles. 
The walking was uncomfortable and 
the absence of bridges very inconven- 
ient; however he was generally pleased 
with the appearance of the country. 
He was most profoundly interested in 
the flight of the Passenger Pigeons. 
They moved in immense clouds several 
strata in depth, extending in every di- 
rection as far as the eye could reach. 
He sat down to note how long this 
flight would continue; but after an hour 
there was no signs of the end, in fact 
they appeared to be crowding on in 
greater numbers. He visited one of 
these remarkable Pigeon roosts, exper- 
iencing much inconvenience in reach- 
ing it. The inhabitants of the vicinity 
assemble there in great numbers at 
night to kill the birds which is done by 
every manner of device. At certain 
seasons of the year wagon loads of 
slaughtered birds are daily taken from 
the roosting grounds to feed the hogs 
on, which it is saidis a very fattening 
diet. 

Arriving at Lexington our traveler 
was most surprisingly delighted with 
the gay appearance of the city. For 
many long weeks he had pursued his 
way through the solitude of an almost 
unbroken forest, and now to emerge 


from the solitary forest into the busy 
streets of this Kentucky city was exhil- 
erating to the fatigued senses of the pil- 
grim. Every where there was a no- 
table spirit of industry. Everybody was 
interested in buying and selling land. 
The spirit of trade pervaded every 
avenue of business. Especially was 
this true of the Yankees, who,he affirms 
we reall traders. One particularly en- 
terprising Yankee—a house carpenter 
from Massachusetts had brought down 
the river from Pennsylvania several 
barrels of apples and employed the 
negro women ‘‘to hawk them about the 
streets, at thirty-seven and a half cents. 
per dozen.” 

A Kentucky horse in that day was as. 
remarkable as now, although in a dif- 
ferent. sense. He says they are the 
hardiest in the world, not so much by 
nature, as by education and habit. For 
from the very beginning of their exis- 
tence they are habituated to every ex- 
treme of starvation and gluttony, idle- 
ness and excessive fatigue. In sum- . 
mer they have the best of the land, but 
in winter when the fields are bare they 
become the very skeleton of life. In 
this condition they are ridden into 
town, a distance of twenty miles or so, 
through roads and sloughs, that would 
become the graves of any common ani- 
mal, with a fury and celerity incom- 
prehensible by any one save an inhab- 
itant. Wilson was greatly surprised to 
see what a vast amount of industry and 
improvement had been gathered there 
in a few years, and Lexington with all 
its faults is yet an honorable monument 
of the enterprise of its citizens. 

From Lexington he proceeded to 
Nashville; and here let us close this 
paper reserving for the next the re- 
mainder of his southern experience. 


>< <> > 


Mr. C. C. Henry of New York City 
writes “‘I enjoyed the OoLogisT during 
the past year more than any paper or 
magazine I have ever taken.” 


THE OOLOGIST. 93 


Collecting Live Birds. 

To the genuine Naturalist, who will 
take the trouble to feed and take care of 
birds, the live birds are much more in- 
teresting and valuable for study than 
~ the mounted specimens. Although 
there are comparatively few species 
which can be captured and kept alive 
at a small expense. 

In the last few years I have had quite 
anumber of live birds, among them 
were Hawks, Barred and Sereech 
Owls, and a large number of Crows 
and more common birds. 

If any of the younger collectors were 
going to start a collection of live birds, 
I would advise them to start out with 
Crows, as they are easily tamed and 
will eat anything digestible by man or 
beast. They will also eat cuff-buttons, 
rings or anything of shiny appearance. 
Although I would notadvise the use of 
the latter articles in the way of food 
for Crows. I have heard that they can 
be taught to talk, but I have not tried 
teaching them. 

Next easiest to tame in my exper- 
ience, comes the Owls. My last Bar- 
red Owl would set on my arm and let 
me pethim. My Owls would eat noth- 
ing but meat. I let the Screech Owls 
(last summer I had eight in number) 
loose in the barn to live on mice; only 
giving them a few English Sparrows or 
a piece of beef steak once a week for a 
change of diet. 

My only specimen of Black Hawk did 
not become tame enough to handle, but 
would eat meat from my hand. He is 
now a “‘stuffed bird.” 

While hunting I captured a young 
Sora Rail; he graced my collection for 
about a month, when one night he 
made a fatal expedition through the 
bars into the next cage which contained 
some Barred Owls. A few feathers 
scattered about the cage told his sad 
end. 

A friend of mine tried keeping Prai- 


rie Hens, but after a short time they 
either all died or escaped. I have never 
heard of anybody keeping them in cap- 
tivity with any success. Mr. Studer in 
his ‘‘Birds of North America” speaks of 
keeping Bob-whites with success for 
several seasons. 

Some ofour birds, among them the 
Woodpeckers, will die if kept in cap- 
tivity. 

The only instance in my experience of 
wild birds nesting in captivity, was last 
Spring, a Screech Owl laid a set of four 
eggs, which are now in my collection. 

I generally start collecting live birds 
(also the smaller animals and snakes) 
about April first and in the latter part 
of September, I either convert into 
skins or set free my ‘‘menagerie,” except- 
ing the very tame ones which take up 
quarters in the barn for the winter. 

WALTER A. JOHNSON, 
Galesburg, Ills. 


>< <> + 


Accidental Death of Birds. 


In one of our well known ornitholo 
gical publications there appeared re- 
cently an interesting article on ‘The 
Accidental Death of Birds,” in which 
the writer tells of a number of cases 
that came under his observation in 
which birds had lost their lives by pure- 
ly accidental causes. 

Having met with several such cases 
in my own experience, and thinking 
they might possibly be of interest to 
some of the many readers of the OoLo- 
GisT, I send them in. 

One autumn, several years ago, while 
wandering over a collecting field of 
previous seasons I found the remains of 
a song sparrow and its nest, the bird 
had used some string in building the 
nest and in this had become so entan- 
gled that it was unable to regain its 
freedom, and had consequently died, 
evidently from starvation. 

I remember a ease of accidental death 
that occurred to a family of young Yel- 


94 THE OOLOGIST. 


low-shafted Flickers some years ago. 
The young Flickers were abort a week 
old and resided in a large venerable 
willow tree. One afternoon there was 
quite a storm, the wind blew lustily oy- 
er-turning the old tree, and°very un- 
eceremoniously tossing the young Flick- 
ers out upon the ground. 
had apparently done them little or no 
injury a section of the tree containing 
them was cut out and stood up against 
a fence, near where the old willow had 
grown, in the hope that the parent 
birds would return to the young, 
they did not and in a few days the 
young Flickers died: Artificial feed- 
ing was tried but it apparently did not 
du any good. Without a doubt large 
numbers of young birds and eggs are 
destroyed by the wind blowing the nests 
out or the trees down, and I think we 
have all in our. tramps through field 
and forest found many young birds and 
broken eggs upon the ground that have 
been thus destroyed. It the eggs of a 
season that are in this manner lost 
could be preserved they would doubt- 
less make a eollection of which any 
odlogist might well be proud. ° 

During the latter part of last spring 
and in early summer the wind played 
havoc among ourtrees and consequently 
among our birds. I remember walking 
out one day after such a storm, and 
finding the remains of no less than a 
dozen different nests with eggs that 
had been thus destroyed. 

Dr. W. EB. ROTZELL, 
Narberth, Pay 
panes 2 UE RAs 


Maryland B Birds That Interest the Sportsman. 


All the Ducks, Geese and Swans are 
migratory. Among what is known as 
the ‘Shore birds” are many small ones 
that are frequently bagged along with 
the larger; but in the following list I 
have only inclnded those which are 
principally sought after. 


The land ‘Game Birds” are largely 


As the fall’ 


but | 


hunted not only by the legitimate 
sportsman hunting for the love of 
sport, but also by the pot-hunter, who. 
seems to use every means within his 
power to exterminate the birds as fast 
as possible. ‘Two of these latter living 


‘in this city, have been going out at 


hight after Bob-white and on the dogs. 
“pointing” the roosting covey, they 
have secured them all at a single dis-- 
charge of the gun. 

' Merganser americanus, Americau 
Merganser. ‘This species and the other 
Mergansers are often shot by the duck- 

ers and sold in market under the name 
of “Fishermen.” They have a rank, 
fishy taste. 

Ands boschas, Mallard. One of our 
first Ducks to arrive in the fall migra- 
tion, and is generally shot in the 
marshes. The male is a_ beautitul 
bird and is sometimes called ‘‘Green- 
head.” ; 

Anas obscura, Black Duck, Dusky 
Duck, Marsh Mallard, ete. This is. 
another of our marsh Ducks, :more com- 
mon inthe salt marshes. August 28, 
1893, a young female was shot on Lake 
Roland, Baltimore county. 

Anas strepera, Gadwall, Gray Duck. 
Sometimes killed by the duckers 

Anas penelope, Widgeon Several of 
the European Widgeon have been re- 
corded from Maryland. 

Anas americana, Baldpate, W idgeon. 
This Duck is one of our early arrivals, 
and makes good shooting, bnt at times 
they are very high flyers. They are a 
good table Duck. 

Anas carolinensis,Green-winged Teal. 
Not so common as the _ following 
species, and more often killed over de- 
coys in the open water. 

Anas discors, Blue-winged Teal. This. 
is the first Dueck to arrive in the fall, 
and is found in the marshes and about. 
the heads of Gunpowder and Bush 
River. During August and September 
many are killed by the gunners, who. 
are after Sora and Reedbirds. 


THE OOLOGIST. B 95 


Defila acuta, Pintail, Sprigtail. Often 
shot over decoys. 

Aix sponsa, Wood Duck, Summer 
Duck. The only Duck that breeds 
with us regularly. The male is the 
most gaudy of all our Ducks. This 
species is often called Acorn Duck, 
and from its habit of nesting in hollow 
trees is sometimes called Tree Duck. 
It is found in the marshes and on 
streams bordered by woodland. 

Aythya americana, Redhead, Pochard. 
Years ago when Bush and Gunpowder 
Rivers were full of wild celery (Valis- 
meria spiralis) we had splendid shoot- 
ing, and the Redhead was abundant. 
Of late years this grass has been killed 
out and the Ducks have been scarce. 
Stil], on Mareh 5, 1887, my uncle and [ 
shot ninety-eight in less than three 
hours. They sometimes stop on border of 
inland water during migration. Some 
years ago about six hundred spent the 
day on Lake Roland, one of our water 
supplies situated seven miles from the 


city. 
Aythya , vallisnerta, Canvas-back. 
This. the finest of our Ducks, hke the 


preceeding species is gradually disap- 
pearing from our rivers; its principal 
food (V. spiralis) being almost entirely 
goue. When feeding on this grassa 
fine, delicate flavor is imparted to their 
flesh ana they bring a high price in 
market, at timesas high as $10 per pair. 

It is one of our best decoying Ducks. 
If one makes up its mind to come to 
the stools it is bound to get there. 

Aythya marila nearctica, American 
Seaup Duck, Raft Duck, Shuffler, Bay 
Blackhead, ete. The Blackhead is a 
common Duck in our rivers and in 
Chesupeake Bay. It decoys well and 
is a good table Duck, but not so highly 
esteemed as some of the other species 
It often associates with the Redhead. 

Aythya affinis, Lesser Seaup Duck, 
Little Blackhead, Creek Blackhead, etc. 
Much smaller than the preceding 
species. Decoys well. Ihave killed a 
great many on Dundee Creek. 


Glaucionetta clungula «americana, 
American Golden-eye, Jingler, W hiftler, 
Whistler. Common;killed over decoys; 
named Whistler from the sound made 
by its wings while flying. Often while 
in the blind half asleep I have been 
aroused by the sound of their wings. | 

Charitonetta albeola,  Buftle-head, 
Butter-ball, Dipper. These li the Ducks 
are often found on inland Jakes. [have 
several times seen them on Lake Roland. 
They are very difficult to shoot while 
on the water as they diye at the flash 
ofthe gunn. For this reason some call 
them ‘Hell Divers.” 

Clangula lyemalis, Old-squaw, South 
Southerly, Long-tailed Duck, ete. 
Common and trashy; often shot over 
decoys while watching for better game. 

Oidemia americana, American Scoter. 
This and the other Scoters are some- 
times killed, Init they are not fit for 
the table. Often called Tarpots, Sea 
Coots. 

Hrismatura rubida, Ruddy Duck. The 
Coot, as itis commonly called by our 
gunuers, is a flne little table Duck. It. 
does not often decoy, but will frequent- 
ly swim into the stools. [ have some- 
times been shooting Ducks from the 
P. W. GB. rail road bridge over Gun- 
powder River, during a perfectly calm 
day. when the surface of the water be- 
low the bridge was covered with large 
“rafts” of these little Ducks. -If a 
breeze would ruffle the water they 
would arise singly and in small flocks, 
sometimes flying up the river and rais- 
ing just enough to clear the bridge 
they would pass within a few yards of 
me with the velocity of an arrow. Un- 
der such circumstances I once saw a 
man shoot away two hundred shells 
and only bag a single bird. 

Chen hyperborea, Lesser Suow Goose. 
Rare; I have only seen it on two oc- 
easions, March 10, 1890 and in October, 
1890. inthe latter case I was. fishing 
from the rail road bridge over Bear 
Creek and a pair flew directly over me. 
about forty yards high. 


x 


96 THE OOLOGIST. 


° 


Anser albifrons gambeli, American 
White-fronted Goose. Very rare; only a 
few ever having been recorded inMary- 
land. November 12, 1892,my uncle shot 
ne over Duck decoys on Gunpowder 
River. It was alone at thetime. It 
was mounted and is now in the Mary- 
land Academy of Sciences, this city. 

Branta canadensis, Canada Goose. 
Very common during the migrations. 
Many are killed at the shores at the 
mouths of our rivers and along the Bay 
Shore. I have seen large numbers off 
Legoe’s Point at the mouth of Bush 
River. 

Branta bernicla, Brant. This is 
more of a maritime bird and remains 
along the coast. 

Olor columbianus, Whistling Swan. 
‘Common in Chesapeake Bay, often as- 
cending its tributaries. I have seen 
large flocks bedded in the Bay off 
Legoe’s Point, where many are killed 
at times. March 14, 1893, I saw a flock 
of six in Gunpowder River, where they 
remained within a radius of abeut two 
hundred yards all day. They are some- 
times killed on the Potomac as high up 
as Harper’s Ferry. November 6, 1893, 
several flocks were on the Potomac 
opposite Brunswick. 

Rallus elegans, King Rail, Fresh- 
water Marsh-hen. Often shot in the 
fresh water marshes by gunners when 
after Reedbirds, ete. It is resident in 
summer and I have taken two sets of 
its eggs. 

Rallus crepitans, Clapper Rail, Salt- 
water Marsh-hen, Mud-hen, Sedge-hen, 
etc. Migratory; abundant in the salt 
marshes along the Atlantic coast, where 
it breeds in immense numbers. I have 
seen numbers of them floating about 
on the ‘‘drift”? during a high tide. 

Rallus virginianus, Virginia Rail. 
Migratory; not common; sometimes shot 
in the marshes. 

Porzana carolina, Sora, CarolinaRail, 
Ortolan. The Rail, as it is commonly 
ealled, is very abundant in our fresh 


water marshes during the fall migra- 
tion in August and September. On 
the marshes at Marlboro and Notting- 
ham it is not an unusual thing for a 
single man to bag from 250 to 300 birds 
a day. At this season they are very 
fat, and are highly esteemed for the 
table. 

Fulica americana, American Coot. 
This bird is often shot and sold in mar- 
ket as the Crow-bill Duck. They are 
poor eating being rank and fishy. Mi- 
gratory. 

Philohela minor, AmericanWoodcock. 
Migratery: as a rule, but resident dur- 
ing mild winters... They begin to breed 
very early and on the nest are exceed- 
ingly tame. They frequent low wet 
woodlands, and except for the flies and 
hot weather make very enjoyable shoot- 
ing in July, the more so from the fact 
of their being the only game to shoot at 
the time. Their flight when flushed is 
rapid, but after flying a few yards they 
will drop. They can be flushed several 
times before taking a longer fight. 

Many Woodcock are killed by flying 
against telegraph wires; several times 
I have found them on the ground be. 
tween the poles. 

In the spring while mating they have 
a curious way of ascending in the air, 
uttering a peculiar note at the time. 
One moonlight night in March while I 
was after Muskrats I heard the Wood- 
cock all about me, and at times they 
would alight on the sandy soil within a 
few yards of me. 

Gallinago delicata, Wilson’s Snipe, 
Jack Snipe. The Jack Snipe is a com- 
mon spring and fall migrant, most- 
abundant in the spring. 

When flushed they utter a peculiar 
note reseinbling scatp, scaip, and the 
first few yards of their flight is zig-zag, 
making a difficult shot at the time. 

They are found in the river marshes 
and in wet meadows, seldom where 
there are trees. Sometimes when 
abundant, dozens will flush at the re- 


THE OOLOGIST. 97 


wort of a gun, circle all around utter- 
‘ing their peculiar note, and then scatter 
all over the marsh. As the Snipe is 
often very wild and flushes against the 
wind the best plan is to hunt them with 
the wind, so in rising they will give a 
‘closer shot. They feed like the Wood- 
cock by thrusting the bill into the mud. 

Macrorhamphus griseus, Dowitcher, 
"Gray-back Snipe. The Gray-back, as 
it is generally called, used to be very 
abundant and in large flocks, being 
found in the marshes and on the mud 
flats along. our sea coast; of late years 
they have been scarce. They are un- 
suspecting birds and readily decoy. 
After having several shots fired into 
‘their midst they can be immediately 
whistled back again to the decoys. 
They are migratory, most abundant 
during May and August. 


Tringa canutus, Knot, Robin-breast » 


Snipe, Robin Snipe. The Robin-breast 
is at times abundant along the coast 
during the spring and fall migrations, 
generally being killed on the ocean 
side of the beach, they, as a rule, keep- 
ing along the surf. They are a hand- 
ssome bird, and in my opinion the finest 
of our shore birds for the table. 

Tringa alpina pacijica, Red-backed 
Sandpiper. The Black-breast, as it is 
often called, is smaller than many of 
the other shore birds,- but is generally 
bagged when it comes to the decoys, 
‘spring and fall migrant. 


Limosa fedoa, Marbled Godwit. Mi- 


grant; usually called Straight-billed 
Curlew. Shot on the marshes along 
the coast. 


Totanus melanoleucus, Greater Y ellow- 
legs, Yellow-leg Plover,ete. An abundant 
migrant in our salt water marshes, 
sometimes taken far inland. August 
26, 18938, I saw one at Loch Raven, 
twelve miles from Baltimore. They 
decoy well and are good eating. 

Totinus flavipes, Yellow-legs. Spring 
and fall migrant. It is often called 
Little Yellow-leg Plover. More of an 


inland bird than the larger species, and 
is often killed on our fresh water 
marshes. During August 1898, about a 
dozen remained for some time at Lake 
Roland, Baltimore Co. 

Symphenia semipalmata, Willet. The 
Willet is a summer visitor, and breeds 
in the marshes along our coast near 
OceanCity. While shooting other shore 
birds in the spring, the Willet should 
be spared and is to a great extent. 
In August they make fine sport, de- 
coying readily. They are shot both on 
the sea-side and in the marshes. 

Wo. H. FIsHEr, 
Baltimore, Md. 
(Concluded rext month. ] 


Western New York Naturalists’ Association. 
A special meeting of the Western 
New York Naturalists’ Association will 
be held in the rooms of the Y. M. C. A. 
Building, Cor. Court and St. Paul Sts., 
Rochester, N. Y., Mareh 17, 1894. 

The business meeting will be called 
atl p.m., sharp, at which all active 
members are urgently requested to be 
present. From 3 to 5p. m. the rooms 
will be open to the public for the exam- 
ination of exhibitions of specimens. At 
8 p. m. there will be a public meeting 
for the presentation and discussion of 
scientific papers on different branches 
of natural science. It is earnestly re- 
quested that all members be present, 
and contribute, as far as possible, to- 
wards making this meeting one of great 
interest to all. 

All out-siders interested in natural 
science, are cordially invited to be pres- 
ent and contribute to the presentation 
and discussion of papers, specimens, 
etc. All who can be present or contri- 
bute are requested to communicate with 
the chairman of the Arrangment -Com- 
mittee, stating the title and length of 
papers to be presented, and enumera- 
ting the specimens they will exhibit. 
It is earnestly hoped that large contri- 
butions will be made to the exhibit by 
members and others interested and 
that all will come as early as_ possible, 
to allow ample time for the arrange- 
ment of specimens. 

B. 8. BowpisH, Chairman, 
L. V. Cass, 
E. H. SHort, 

Arrangement Committee. 


98 THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 

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The above rates include payment of postage by us. 

Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good 
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when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 

Subscriptions can begin with any number. 
Back numbers of the OoLogist can be furnish 
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¢=-Remember that the publisher must be no- 
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ADVERTISING RATES: 

20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION. 
Twelve lines in every inch. 

SPECIAL RatTsEs, for advertisements continued 


Three months or more, per line....e...e200---- LEC 
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For advertisements occupying any one issue 
One-half column (42 lines) or more, per line....15c 
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Cash must accompany all orders. 


Remittances should be made by Draft, Express 
or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or 
. Postal Note. Unused U. S. Postage Stamps of 
any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un- 
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts 
payable and address all subscriptions and com- 
munications to F. H. LATTIN & CO., 

Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y. 


*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries 
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@NTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER. 
(a 


FEBRUARY CONTEST—Was decid- 
ed and the prizes mailed the winners on 
March ist, the result in detail will be 
given in April O6LOGIST. 

During 1894, as in 1893, the Publishers 
of the OdLoaistT will distribute over 
$300 worth of desirable prizes among 
the patrons, contributors and readers, 
of the OdLoeisr. Particulars in fall 
next month. 


Dr. L. B. Bishop of 77 Whitney 
Ave., New Haven, Conn., desires in- 
formation regarding the occurrence of 
albinistic or unspotted eggs in species. 
generally laying pigmented ones, also 
abnormally colored ones in_ species 
whose eggs are usually white or im- 
maculate. The Dr. is making a study 
of the subject and we trust our readers 
will provide him with all data on the 
same in their possession. 


Mr. Egbert Bagg, 191 Genesee St., 
Utica, N. Y., desires information as to 
the disappearance of the House Wren 
or the Purple Martin, or of their re- 
turn after disappearance, the cause if 
known, the dates and any other infor- 
mation on the subject. All readers of 
the OOLOGIST are invited to communi- 
cate with him, if it be only to say, that 
the bird is not known in their locality. 
(The district especially desired to cover 
is Central and Eastern New York, but 
information from anywhere is_ wel- 
come.) 


You Are a Judge. 

Your decision must be mailed us not. 
later than the first day of April. 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and 
mail tous. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes should 
be awarded. 

We give our Judges five prizes hav- 
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one 
to each of the five whose decisions are 
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes. 


January Contest. 

In January OoLoeist our Annual [n- 
dex and “OoLoeist’s Exhibit of Birds. 
Eggs at the World’s Columbian Exposi- 
tion’’ occupied so much space that there 
was really not enough competition for 
an Article Contest. 

However, as we made no announce- 
ment to the contrary—eighteen of our 
patrons sent in their decisions. 

The First Prize was awarded ‘Rap- 
tores of Michigan’’ and to each ‘‘A Col- 
lecting Trip in Florida”? and ‘‘Western 
Warbling Vireo’ we mailed a part of 
“Maynard’s Birds of Eastern North 
America.’’ To each of the eighteen 
Judges we presented a copy of the 
“Standard Catalogue’’. 

All prizes were mailed Feb. 138th. 


THE OOLOGIST. 99 


Walter F’ Webb, 


PIN 


mounted: to order: ee 
_CATRDOGUES PREG . 


F, H. Lattin & Co’s World’s Fair Exhibit. 


At the World’s Columbian Exposition our exhibit occupied over 2,000 square: 
feet and within this space we had the largest and best displays on the Grounds. 
in the following departments, viz: 


Taxidermy—Our Wall Pieces, ‘“‘From an artistic or taxidermic” standpoint. 
Nest and Eggs of North American Birds. 

Foreign Birds Eggs. 

Taxidermists Instruments and Supplies. 

Artificial Glass Eyes for Birds 4ud Mammals. 

Artificial Leaves for Taxidermists. 

Odlogists Instruments and Supplies. 

Entomologists Instruments and Supplies. 

Botanists Instruments and Supplies. 

10. Miscellaneous Scientific Instruments. 

11. Scientifically Prepared Bird Skins. 

12. Original Plates from Audubon’s ‘‘Birds of America.” 

13. Collection of Books and Publications devoted to Natural History. 

14. Shells—from a showy or commercial standpoint. 

15. Of Scientific Shells, we exhibited only the single family—Helicide. ‘Of this 
family we exhibited specimens of over 800 species which was by far the best dis- 
play of the family at the Exposition. We could have made a display of over 
10,000 species of Scientific shells—eclipsing that of any Government or Establish- 
ment—but our space and time would not permit. 


At our CHICAGO STORE we had and will have until May ist the largest 
stock of material in our line ever offered tor sale west of our Headquarters in 
New York. 


100 THE OOLOGIST. 


Taxidermist 


and dealer in 
Glass Eyes, 
Taxidermist’s 
Tools and Supplies, 
Naturalist’s 
Tools and Supplies, 
Native and Foreign 
Birds’ Skins, 
Naturalist’s Books, 
Native and Foreign 


Birds’ Eggs. 


+ INSECT-+ PINS 


KLAEGER. Standard make; bright or japanned. 


Sizes No. 00 to 5 in papers of 500 each; No. 6 and larger, 250 each. Sent post- 
paid to any part of the United States and Canada at $1.05 per thousand in origi- 
nal packages, at $1.25 in broken lots. 


CARLSBADER. Bright or japanned, same price as for KLAEGER’S. 


ENGLISH. Short, for Micro-Lepidoptera, per half ounce, $1.52 postpaid. 
(about 1450 in a package.) 


SHEET PEAT. : x 4x12, 53 cents per dozen, postpaid; $3.50 per gross. 
Express extra. 


To colleges and other parties ordering in large quantities, I request the privilege 


of naming special rates. . 
. Send 5 cent stamp for 78 page Catalogue, containing over 150 illustrations. 


Postal card requests will not be noticed. 


M.ABBOTT FRAZAR: 


THE OOLOGIST. 10% 


Artificial Animal 
Heads for Fur Rugs, 
Raw Animal Skins, 
Heads and Aatlers 

for mounting. 
Fly Tiers, Feathers 


Supplies, and 


Buyer of Raw Fur. 


Nowieo-scnehibunry ounchwhandlessnaearecaaneeaelmicciomGe eieenirnsie $ 25 
No. 2, 5-82, “ i Bo a ie FOREN ids Sidi Kame Meat Ong chica see Renae .G 35: 
No. 3, 6-32, “ e Sep Stele icine ue WARN ep es yee eg UIE tine Ninn CARs 50) 
No, 4, 8-82, * sf e EN a aR e os RAL ARR MEL Yh RR SoD SCY Sd Ca 73. 
No. 5, 12-382, ‘‘ a * CP SR, i £2 IVE, UNREAL. e aFa?d 3h, 5 eieatelee nts 1 00 
No. 6, 16-82, ‘‘ : ze SEN rp iaceeaseie) eu ee eM oP eT rater sya Bea a sua 1 50 
INGaacheapels cood for allifresh Cs essen tees obec cis cr ieel clei aiekyeiehers 15 


Eggs in Sets and Singles Wanted in Exchange. 


93 SUDBURY STREET, BOSTON, MASS. 


102 THE OOLOGIST. 


NATURALIST’S SUPPLY DEPOT 


Send 10 cents for our Complete Catalogue of 
Supplies, Tools, Eyes, Books, Pins, sii 
Cork, Drills, 


Agents 
‘Wanted 


(MS Tanning Liquor, “4M oH.H. Ballard, 162, Pittsfield, Mass. 


Birds’ Eggs, Land and Marine Cur- 
ios, anda sample copy of The Ornitholo- 


gist and Oologist. 

FRANK B. WEBSTER CO., o 
P ] . ‘Trade- i 
HYDE PARK, MASS. and Labels registered: | teenteive eons 


perience. We report whether patent can be . 
secured or not, freeofcharge. Our fee not due 


: . until patent isallowed. 32 B F e 
When answering advertisements . Be WILLSON & Borage Book Enees 
‘always mention the ‘‘SOOLOGIST.’’ Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON. D.C. 


Taxidermy and Zoological Collecting. 


A Complete Hand-book of 362 pages for the Amateur Taxidermist, Collector, 
Osteologist, Museum Builder, Sportsman and Traveler. 
Illustrated with 24 Plates and 85 Text Pictures. 


By WILLIAM T. HORNADAY 
[For Eight Years Chief Taxidermist of the U. S. National Museum. ] 


It goes without saying that this is the best work in the market for the use of the 
Naturalist, since the author is at the head of his profession, and he has spared no 
time nor trouble to make the book complete. ‘ 

It not only covers all the ground as a text-book for the beginner, but any Taxi- 
dermist will be repaid by a perusal of its pages, and once read, it will lie on the 
work bench, as a companion to the scissors and skinning knife, for it is as indis- 
pensible to one who desires to be a WORKMAN, as the framework of the speci- 


men itself. 
PRICE, $2.50. 
F. H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y. 


NIAGARA PALLS. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootoaisr visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe w steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—and cc*upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGs in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well. known fact the 
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Heapquarrers for 
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SpeciMEN, NoveLTy or Souvenir line pertain- 
ing to Niagara. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Sliding Calipers! All Sizes & Graduations. 


Vernier and Metric or French System. 
sa Oologists! 


If youcare to SAVE TIME and meas- 
ure your specimens ACCURATE, get 

Hi one of my 4 inch Sliding Calipers, with 
hardened jaws,144 in, long, graduated in 1-100 of 
aninch. Sent registered to any part of the U.S. 
for $2.50, 6 inch scales graduated in 1 100ths and 
mm.—75 cts. 


Send for one to 


E. G. SMITH, Columbia, Pa. 


Reference, the Editors The Oologist. 


The above tools are first-class in every re- 
spect and WARRANTED ACCURATE. (Liberal 
inducements to agents.) 


BIRDS BGGs* 

CURIES. 
SHELLS 
FAVS ave 
: Ws Maina WORCESTER Mass.3" 


BOOKS ON 


The Mound Builder 


THEIR WORK AND RELICS 
By Rev. Stephen D. Peet. Ph.D. 


Editor of the American Antiquarian,Chicago, Il] 


This book contains 370 pp., 300 illus., 
is bound in green and gold uniform 
with ‘‘Animals, Effigies, Myths and 
Symbols.’’ It is the only complete 
work on the subject and has taken 
many years in preparation. Price $3 50 
or withthe American Antiquarian for 
94, $6.00, regular price $7.50. 


= YOushow the Klip 


It Sells Itself; and 
the enormous commission 
attracts and retains the 
best Agents. 


H. H. Ballard. 162, Pittsfield, Mass. 


SEA SHELLS, Coral, Minerals, 
Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, 
YNaturalists’ Supplies, Taxidermy, 
Catalogue, 2c. C.F. CARR, New 
London, Wis. 


108 


SKRND KOR IT! 


CO( (ORSON OxyYGEN—Its Mode of Action and 

Results.’’—is the title of a book of 200 
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which 
gives to all inquirers full information as to this 
remarkable curative agent, and a record of sur- 
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cas s— 
many ofthem after being abandoned to die by 
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any 
address on application. 


DRS. STARKEY & PALEN, 
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co, Cal. 


Please mention this paper. 


Do You 


conect Idan Relics? 


If so, you should subscribe for 


Th ARCHAOLOGIST, 


a large illustrated monthly magazine, devoted 
to Archeology and kindred subjects. It also 
contains alarge Collector’s Department, where 
all intelligent students and collectors can dis- 
cuss relics and obtain information. Subscrip- 
tion $1 a year. Single copies 10cents. Address 


The Archaeologist, 
Waterloo, Ind. 


GUNOLEUM. 


For protecting and preserving all Metals from 
Rust or Pits. It prevents Pits in Shot Guns, 
Rifles and Revolvers. It’s a peculiar compound. 
Does not drip, never gums. Sold Every- 
where. 1 Dram Sample Tube Free, 
to all who mention the OOLOGIST. 


CHARLES WILLEY MFR., 


BAY SHORE, L.1I.,N.Y., U.S.A. 


GAMELAND, 


Sthe sportsman-naturalist’s 
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read by 40,000 lovers of the 
woods, the waters, the mountains and 
the fields. Its ‘‘Bird Notes’ by Ernest 
Van Campen are famous. Itis authen- 
/ tic and practical, yet interesting ‘to 
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OoLoGIST, $1.25. Three trial numbers. 


‘ 25 cents. No free copies. Charles 


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Send stamp 


—— nas 
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104 


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Black Hills Natural History Estab- 
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LS 


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A complete compefdium of short 
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centage Interest, etc. AMUSING AND 
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s if you want to bind separate- 
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a es Trial dozen, 75c. Price-list. 
fs “@ free. Agents Wanted. 
H, H. BALLARD, 
162, PITTSFIELD, MASS. 


PRINTIN Of all kinds for Naturalists a. 

speciality. Note and _ letter 
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci-- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F, 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tt 
TR AYS If you want any of those extra 

0 heavy alligator covered 

square trays, Such as we had in our exhibit at 
the World’s Fair (which you and other collec- 
tors thought the “‘slickest” tray for the purpose 
ever made) we can spare a few thousand—any 
size from 3 in.x3 in. to8in.x8in. We will ship. 
by express at \our expense in well assorted 
nests at $1.00 pe 1100, or $10.00 per 1000. Or, if 
you order spe ‘ial sizes and do not leave the 
assortment to us, they will cost you $1.50 per- 
100 or $15.00 per 1000. 

Not less than 100 lots sold, and at our prices, 
are less than cost. 

Wecan furnish 3in x3 in.,4 in.x4 in., 5in.xdin., 
6.inx6in., 7in.x7in. and 8in.x 8in. 

Order Quick if you want any of the World’s: 
Fair Travs. F. H. LATTIN, & CO.,3571 Cottage- 
Grove Ave., CHICAGO, ILLS. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


QUEEN & CO., INC’D, 


MANUFACTURERS OF 


MICROSCOPES, 


AND OTHER SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS. 
1010 CHESTNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA. 


MAGNIFYING GLASSES. 
(A Superior Achromatic Triplet Pocket Lens for $5.00.) 
BOTANICAL COLLECTING CASES. 


PLANT PRESSES 
(Newest Designs. Quite Inexpensive.) 


SHE Em CORK 


THR ACMK MIGROSGOPBRBS. 


Microscopic Books, Objects, Supplies, and Mounting Materials. 


«SEND FOUR STAMPS for new (79th) edition of our Microscopical Catalogue 
B. It contains hints on the use and care of the microscope and reference tables of 
eonsiderable value. 

A sample copy of the MICROSCOPICAL BULLETIN will be sent free if you 
mention this advertisement. Opera Giasses for Bird Study. 


Our Chautauqua Shell Collection 


Thirty-three Large and Showy Shells For only $2.00—less than 
one-third usual prices. 


From our large assortment of beautiful shells we have selected 33 species of the more desir- 
able varieties. All are correctly and scientifically labeled and are very handsome. The follow- 
ing is an exact list of the shells in this collection and the prices quoted are the ones at which 
each are usually retailed. 


1. Murex ramosus 12. Strombus lentiginosus 23. Cassis rufa 

ZFATY ZO Ato ajetcteleleteielei ciao 25 Meh wAloybeoagguabinode 46 15 ZADZIVAL.ccceosscsoe. 25 
2. Murex brandaris 13. Strompus accipitrinus 24 Turrittella duplicata.. 

Naples ..... sinvdcodood 1B) West Indies ......... Oe pvilOnat HsGdadudoshoo05 25 
3. Murex regius 14. Pterocera lambis 25. MNerita peleronta 

Panama ........ aoorn. 1) eB Philippines..... oaeind. 2h) West Indies ......- 10 
4. Murex princeps 15. Aporrhais pes-pelicani 26. Haliotis Iris 

Panama . ooo.) 2B) Mediterranian....... 10 DADAM sec ween censeiee 25 
5. Bueccinum undatum 16. Cyprea caput-serpentis 27. Helix (Acavus) melan- 

IMAGE, SoGcoSocadoocd 25 Ceylon wera eee on0006 otragus, Ceylon..... - 20 
6. Eburna Japonica 17. Cyprea caurica 28. Asaphis coccinea 

Japan..... oscacoogoo, | 89) Ceylon . cuocoo ako) Bahamas ~cccor..s-.- 15 
7. Voluta vespertilio 18. Cyprea vitellus” 29. Tellina radiata 

Singapore ........-.. 2D Ceylon .......- Sou0006 15 Bahamas ........-... 15 
8. Mitra episcopalis 19. Cypraee moneta 30. Lucina (Codakia) tig- 

Singapore’........-.. 20 (OP alot neoodd Aososodes 10 rina, West Indies... 25 
§. Oliva inflata 20. Cyprea tigris 31. Tridacna (Hippopus) 

Singapore ........ ora 1, 116) Australia ......c0.e.... 15 maculata, E.Indies. 20 
10. Oliva litterata 21. Blued Cowry (C. tigris, 32. Pecten irradians 

Florida.... ... cHGoaac yy wale) Decorticated)........ WEF Gao Goodadacooodag | 1140) 
11. Conus (variety) 22. CvpEaes lynx 33. Pecten maximus 

Hast Indies.......... 25 IDZAPOTe ....20---.- 15 German Ocean ...... : 25 

— $6.30 


The Shells in this collection, in size. will range from one to 


five inches. 


They are of all 


colors and from all parts of the world. At ordinary prices, for scientifically labeled shells, they 
sell at an average of 20 cents each. Onevalve only of No’s 31, 32 and 33 are in the collection— 
Other bivalves include both valves. This collection is carefully packed in a light box and sent by 
express at the purchaser’s expense. For only $2.00, or prepaid for 50 cents additional. — 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y. 


104b (122) THE OOLOGIST. 


: bi CELEBRATED 
‘Vietor’ Carpet Stretcher, 
ACTIVE 


AGENTS 
WANTED. 


500,000 Now in Use. 


Warranted not to injure the finest Carpet. It holds the Carpet with about 120 
fine teeth, thus grasping so much surface that there is no danger of tearing. Is — 
simple in construction; manufactured from the best materials; it is durable. 
The leverage is so great that it requires but little muscular exertion to strain the 
Carpet to any desired tension on the floor. 

SEE ONE, BUY ONE, and save yourself the untold misery of putting down a 
Carpet by hand, thus saving lame backs, sore fingers and :valuable time, when 
you cap purchase a ‘‘Victor” for the small price of $1.00. 

Students and Teachers. Here is a rare chance to increase your revenue 
during vacation, by selling the ‘‘Victor.” 

Now is the Time. Do not delay until after the house cleaning season is 
over. Now is the time to make big money! Order a sample ‘Victor’ Carpet 
Stretcher and you will be astonished to see how quick you can sella dozen from 
this Sample. 

I will send you a Sample ‘Victor’ Carpet Stretcher upon receipt of $1.00 (Ex- 
press charges Prepaid by me). Write for Prices and Terms-to Agents. 


: Address, C. M. MALLORY, M’f’r., 
Mention The Oologist. ALBION, ORLEANS CoO., N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Second Hand Books.— We will give at 
all times good exchange for second-hand copies 
of any book we offer for sale. We desire at once 

ood copies of ‘A. O. U. Check-List.” and Baird, 

rewer and Ridgeway’s ‘‘Hisfory of N. A. Birds” 
—both “Land” and ‘‘Water Sirds.” F. H. LAT- 
TIN & Co, Albion N. Y. 


STEAM COOKER FREE! 
: The Triumph Cooker with lock 
aap cover, will cook Meats, Fish. Veget- 
; ables, Beans, Brown Bread, Fruit, 
i Custards, &c, without odor.. Fits 
ie: any size stove. coal, wood, oil or gas. 
= Having iron base, it is better and 
5 cheaper than a tincooker, We send 
at one Cocker free with Agent’s first 
order. ‘Enclose two cent stamp to The Hart- 
ford Hollow Ware Co., B. 673, Hartford, Conn, 


AN UNPARALLELED Q FFER- 


Any person sending 
us 12c. before May 1st 
We will in order to close 
out our goods send 
prepaid the following 
articles, viz: 

Mexican Resurrection 
Plant, Instantaneous 
Photograph Camera 
(will be sold separately 
for only 5c.) 2 Japanese 
Napkins, 1 Japanese 
Envelope, 1 leaf from 
Japanese Book, 1 pkg. 
Scrap Pictures, 10 var- 
H, ‘ ieties ofForeignStamps 

i Coupon good for 25c. on 

andes an order of $1.00 or over. 

: Co I The entire package 

—— : will be sent you by re- 

SAUL flit _ atin ill, turn mail, prepaid for 
re re Tet eae Wr Mr eT only 12¢c. 

We haye in stock a lot of desirable novelties 
agd as we are going out of the novelty business 
willsell our surplus at% price. Send stamp 
at once for catalogue and list of stock on hand, 


CUO VINO Aa ya 'G@: 


Gaines, Orleans Co,, N. Y. 


INSTANTANEQUS TH 


a 
f  HOCKEMICALS REQUIRED i 
£ DIRECTIONS. i 


WITHDRAW THE SHUTTER AND 3 
=LIKENESS WILL APPEAR. 


RA Re es VO a a 


re rea a RY ev 


-(@ strongest, easiest, working, safest, simplest, 4 
ei most accurate, most compact, and most 
wi modern. For sale by all dealers in arms. fy 
1 Catalogues mailed free by 


The Marlin Fire Arms (Co., 


New Haven, Conn., U.S. A. 


104¢ (128) 


Our “Special” Mineral Collection. 


Is composed of 52 Different Minerals, from dif- 
ferent parts of- the World. And will be sent 


prepaid for 
ONLY 95 CTS. 

The following minerals are found in this col- 
lection, viz: Actinolite, Moss Agate, Alabaster, 
Albite, Argentiferous Galéna, Asbestos, Asphal- 
tum, Smoky Quartz. Calcite, Cale Spar, Cannel 
Coal, Catlinite, Chalcedony, Chalcopyrite, Co- 
quina, Cryolite, Hornstone (Chert.), Galenite, 
Auriferous Pyrites, Gypsum, Lignite, Limonite, 
Magneti‘e, Fossiliferous Marble, Milky Quartz, 
Obsidian, Wood Opal, Petritied Wood. Muscovite,, 
Porphyry, Pyrites, Rose Quartz, Satin Spar, 
Selenite, Serpentine, Talc, Variscite, Wavellite, 
Lithographic Stone, Lepidolite, Crinoidal Lime- 
stone. Halite, Elzeolite, Nuttaiite, Leopardite, 
Marmolite, Beryl, Diabase, Scapolite, Feldspar, 
Lingula Sandstone. 

The specimens in this collection are not chip- 
pings that are usually sent out in low-prized 
collections, but are good specimens that wilk 
average nearly 1 in. x 1 in, each, properly labeled 
and wrapped separately. 

Hundreds of our Mineral Collections have been 
sold during the past few years. Many Teachers. 
of our Schools and Colleges purchase them by 
the dozen for use in their Geology class. In 
every instance they have given the best of satis- 
faction, 

The following is from a party who has pur- 
chased between 25 and 30 collections: ‘‘Ship me 
twelve collections of the Student’s Mineral Col- 
lection by express C. O. D. All were pleased 
with the other lot. Yours truly, 8. J. F., Leban- 
on, Ov 

The entire collection will be sent prepaid for 
only 95 cts. Address. 


a bas EANIDTRIIN) co (LOL 


ALBION, N. Y., OR 
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago. 


FLAMINGO SKINS. 


We have doubtless the finest lot of 
skins of these elegant birds ever 
brought into U.S. Every one is _ per- 
fect and guaranteed to please. Prices 
range from $8 to $15, according to brill- 
iancy of plumage or from $15 to $25 per 
pair, the latter figure being for the 
finest selected specimens. 

F. H. LATTIN & CO. 
3071 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Ills. 


104 (124) 


New Standard Catalogue 
OF 


North /\merican Birds Eggs 
COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendre, 
J. Purker Norris, Esq., and 
the late Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. ©. U. Nomenclature. I[t also gives the A. O. 
U. Numbers us well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species, Over one 
hundred of which never appeared on any print- 
ed list before. 

{It Is not a personal catalogne of any one 
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could turnish 
all the species whose values are given. and 
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over 
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00. 


F. H LATTIN & CO, Albion, N. ¥. 


Davie’s Naturalist’s Manual. 


In ’85 we editorialiy mentioned this 

book as follows,— 
_ “Mr. Oliver Davie of Columbus, Ohio has our 
thanks for sample copies of his Naturalist’s Man- 
ual, it is a neat little work, and well merits the 
attention of our oological friends The work Is 
intended especially for the young naturalist. 
Mr. D. gives instructiohs for collecuing and pre- 
‘serving birds, eggs, nests, and insecis. and for 
the benefit of the oologist he has compiled, from 
leading scientific works a description of the nests 
and eggs ot American Birds trom the Thrushes 
to the Tanagers, inclusive (No. 1 to 164 Ridge- 
way’s Nomenclature) to which he has added orig- 
inal notes on the speeies with which he is famil- 
dar. 

The *‘Naturalist’s Manual” can be obtained by 
addressing Mr. ). Price, paper covers, 75 cents.” 

The book was published at 75 cts per 
eopy and was worth the money. It 
eontains 130 pages, illustrated. 

In addition to points mentioned 
above, it contains paragraphs or chap- 
ters on the following:— 

Cabinets. Choice of Guns and Ammu- 
nition, Measuring Specimens, Arsenical 
Solution, Skinning Birds, Sewing Wings 
in Proper Place, Filling Skins, Drying 
Board, Removing Blood and Grease 
from Skins, Rendering Feathers Insect 
Proof,How to Soften Dry Skins, Mount- 
ing Birds, (well illustrated), Recipes for 
Preserving Small Birds Entire, Glue for 
Feathers, Arsenical Soap, Anneal Iron 
Wire, To make Artifical Rocks and 
Branches, ete, etc. 

We have purchased all the copies left 
of this valuable work and until May 1st 
will mail you a copy for Only 26 cts. 


F. B. Larrin & Co., Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ESTABLISHED IN 1873. 


CHAS. K. WORTHEN, 


Naturalist and Taxidermist, Warsaw, Ills. 


.Also dealer in Bird and Mammal Skins, and 


Geodes, new and rare species of North Ameri- 
can Birds a specialty. Enclose stamp for prin- 
ted catalogue. Desideratas for many of the 
rarer species filled on short notice. Refer to 
any of the more prominent Ornithologists, Col- 
lectors and Institutions inthe United States. 


“BIRDS of MICHIGAN” 


By A. J. COOK. 


A list of three hundred and _thir- 
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. 
WELL ILLUSTRATED. 


Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. 


It is in. fact a work on the Birds of the Great 
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol- 
ogist in America. 


Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. 
Address 
F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N.Y. 


Davie's Nests and Eggs 


or 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page lIllustratious of Nests, etc, by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., D. 
and W. Otto Emerson, 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs 
of the Land and Water Birds of North America, 
which includes all the species known to exist— 
those that occur crare indigenous north ot the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. 

The breeding range of each species 1s given, 
the time of nesting, the exact number ot eggs 
laid, their color and size together with the chief 
characteristics of the bird. 

The arrangement of the work is according to 
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and 
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) 
as used in former editions, are placed to the 
right of each species. Throughout the text all 
the common names of the birds are to be found, 
and a GQOMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is 
given, 

An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi- 
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the 

eld. 

The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page 
illustrations. 


Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75. 


F. H. Lattin & Co., Albion, N.Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The Best Work on Ornithology for 
the Mississippi Valley, for-the price 
- ever published, is the 


ror POR Y 


OF THE 


Birds of Nansas. § 


By Col. N. S. Goss. 


Col. Goss wis a life-long Naturalist: an enthus- 
last in his chosen study of Ornithology; a mem- 
ber of the Council of the American Ornithologi- 
cal Union. and a recognized authority on his 
chosen subject. 

The Goss Ornithological Collection is solely the 
work of this author, Each specimen has been 
obtained and preserved by his own efforts, and 
the entire collection—which is one of the largest 
in the country, the result of one man’s exertions 
—has been presented to the State of Kansas, and 
is on exhibition in a room in the State House set 
apart by law for that purpose and his entir> time 
and fortune was devoted to its perfection: long 
and expensive trips were annually made to in- 
erease the collection. 

The book is handsomely bound in full-cloth, 
with gold embossed back and sides. There are 
693 pages, besides the photogravure illustrations 
of 529 birds. 343 species and sub-species are fully 
described—special attention being given to their 
nests and eggs. 

This valuable work was published at $7.50. but 
by special arrangement with the publishers we 
are now able to offer it at the 


Reduced Price of 

Only $6-00 per Copy, 
Prepaid. 

F. H. Lattin & Co., Albion, 


INE G 


104e (125) 


A choice specimen of anything on thie list will be sent post-paid for 3 CWS, or we will ecb 
(ha entire collection, 45 specimens, packed in a neat wooden box post-paid FOR OWL FOS CFS 


Not Resurrection Plant, Mex. 


3 25 var. Forsign Stamps 81 Curio 8; 

\@ Sun Shell, Nassaa. Bahames ag i ee geen eee Cale, 

;5 Starfish, Cape Cod, Moss \. ‘Electrio” hae N.Y. 

/6 Bark from Cork-Tres, Spain 3 Sand Shark Egg, Atlant 

\7 “Big Tree” Berk, Mariposa, Cal) 35 Flexible Coral Baten) a ‘Tonge lale®) 

8 Sand Dollar, Casco Bay, Ma, 36 Limpet, Bahamas 

® Chinese Coin 37 Bloodytooth Shell, Nassap 

10 Tusk Shell, W. I. 38 Fossil Shark Tooth, 8, C, 

sai Chonan lpeaBlseeenes ap 40 Nutive Lodectona, Magnet Gene ache 
, pore lative lostone, et 

13 Cypraa helcola, Ambomay 41 Olive Shell, Zanzibar 

04 Oyprea Arabrica, EL. 42 6 Guinea Peas, 

85 Bed Sea Bean, Bahamss- 43 tecalo tpvoctabsya 

16 Gray Sea Bean, Norsan, 44 2 Egg Capsules of Periwinkle, Atlan tion 

17 Brown-banded Sea Boan, Bahamas) 45 Pisce of Cloth, made by tho NB 

18 Scrow Shell, China tives of ile 


—PUT UP AND FoR Gite sr— 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Publisher of “THE OOLoGIsTs* 
i ccreabantere marl 

jecim Instrumente, Supplies 
25 Shaving froma Meteor, Coabaila, ®. w. | P0"prer foatreme Macurlist, 
Albion, M. Y. 
(Bexp 2c ram vou Couriers Lavra 
This istrul, of the most ‘'Harcelous™ collecti I ia especially 
adapted to ety one ofa Work, and while peay PeS Ceti ae collectors, 
eller ones eine SS Tee m area Pes mncaos totes ex/ 8200, 
We will eend the en’ fection mm mail, esc! men 
i. Vesa capped aparatelys cafe delivery and satisfaction puorantecd, for ONLY 65 CTS 
Address plainly, FRANK EH. LATTIN, ALBION. W. ¥. 


peg Ra att 


DUN KIRK WAGON COMPANY, — 


Patented May 6, 1890. 
MANUFACTURERS OF 


Grape, Peach, Orange, Banana, Pine Apple, Road Wagons & Light Drays. 


AGENTS WANTED. 


SEND FOR CIRCULARS. 


Also the most durable Childs’ Express Wagon on the Market. 


104f (126) 


4 


USE PRINTED STATIONERY. 


well printed Stationery costs little or no More 

than plain paper and its advantages are many. 
We furnish stock, print, and deliver free of 
charge, as follows: 
Envelopes, 500, $1.59; 1000. $2.50: 100, 40 cents, 
Letter Heads, 500. $1.50: 1000, $2.50; 100. 40 cents. 
Business or Visiting Cards, 500, $1.25; 1000, $2.00; 
100, 30c. 

FOR ONE DOLLAR. _ As aspecial offer 


to introduce our vrintiug, to all who will mention 
the OoLoaisT and enclose $1.00, with copy, we'll 
send 1vu0 Envelopes, 10 Letter Heads and 100 
ards for only $1.00 postpaid. Our office is fully 
equipped for the production of Stationery, Cata- 
logues, Pamphlets, Books. Posters &c, and_our 
prices are the lowest. Enclose stamp for rock 
bottom figures on any job printing you may 
want. Adaress. A. M. EDDY, Albion. N. Y. 
The OonoGist is trom our presses. 


The World’s Fair Eggs. 


We have left about one-half the eggs that we 
exhibited—mentioned in Jan. OOLOGIST as ex- 
jhibited by “FEF. H. is. & Co.”’—at the World’s 
Fair. Inmostcases these were the only eggs 
of the species ever withinthe bounds of Jack- 
son Park and consequently the only ones at the 
World’s Fair. 

If you can use any of these eggs at not less 
and perhaps ata slight advance over regular 
rates we would be pleased to have your list of 
wants at earliest possible date and we will 
‘quote you lowest cash price for the ones we 
have left. With each set we will give a written 
guarantee that it was the identical one we ex- 
hibited at the World’s Fair. re 

Address all letters referring to the ‘“‘Exhibit”’ 


eggs to ALBION, N. Y. 
FE. A. LATTIN & CO. 


INSECT DEPOT. 


FOR SAE. 


Large and Showy Butterflies, Moths, Beetles 
‘and all orders of Insects from all parts of the 
World, Coccoons, and Chrysalides. Infiated 
larvee and fertilized ova. Speciality made in 
eggs for Silk Culture, Indian, Chinese and Am- 
erican species. fuil directions given how to 
raise them successfully. . Also in stock 400 
Species of mounted birds in pairs. Birds skins, 
birds’ eggs in clutches— from North America 
and Hurope. Will take in exchange rare Amer- 
ican Butterfles. Moths and Beetles, Coeccoons 
and Chrysalides, also the larger birds eggs in 
sets. Will give rare singles for sets. We car- 
ry the largest stook of prepared Insects in the 
United States and cin furnish any species till 
now discovered. Hatomological Supplies. Send 
10 cents in stamps for full Lists. No attention 
paid to Postals. 


Aaddress, 
PROF. CARL BRAUN, 
Naturalist, 


BANGOR, MAINE. U.S. A. 


When answer:ng advertisements 
always mention the ‘OOLGGIST.”’ 


THE OOLOGIST. — 


\ 


WE WILL give specimens of any kind, adver- 
tising space in the OoLoeisT, and for extra good 
offers anything we offer for sale or possibly 
CASH for first-class Indian Relics, or tor new or 
2d hand books on Natural History. in good condi- 
tion, ornithology or oology preferred— a set of 
the ‘Natura! History of New York” and copies of 
“<Coues’ Key” especially desired. F. H. LATTIN 
& CO Albion, N. Y. 


ORDERLY PEOPLE 


bind their papers as they come, 
by “&LIPPING” them. 


Trial dozen, 75c. Agents want- 
ed. Price-list free. Covers to 
order. 


H. H. Ballard, 162, Pittsfield, Mass. 


WAN DED.-—2d hand copies of either ‘‘Coues’ 
Key” or “Ridgway’s Manual’ will give cash or 
exchange. Write stating condition, edition, 
Sa eee terms. F.H. LATTIN & CU., Albion, 


Back Numbers of the 


OOLOGIST 


Should you desire back numbers to complete 
your file, NOW is the time topurchase. You 
Can never obtain them for less money and possi- 
bly not at any price, as our stock ranges from 
only 5 to 50 copies of an issue. 

We have just issued a descriptive price list of 
every number published to date. Send 2 cents 
for a copy. 


FOR ONLY $4.50 CASH we will send 
by return mail a copy of every issue published— 
Nos. 1 to 100 inclusive. 


FOR ONLY 30c. we will send a package of 
twenty (2U0) all back numbers, our selection. 


FOR ONLY $1.00 We will send a package 
of torty (40) back numbers, all different, our se- 
lection. 


Our price for back Nos. of the YOUNG OOLO- 
GIST and OOLOGIST in volumes, are as follows: 


Vol. I. YOUNG OOLOGIST, Nos. 1 to 12......... $ 60: 
Lon BG a ae STB NGG 14ers ene 
66 UGE THE OOLOoISt, ‘ 15 to 20......... 40 
60 TIAWYo es a “© 21 to 25-26... 40 
aes ie ie OP) BA WO) Blelsnco See 60. 
66 Wate “p ee “+ 39 to 50 60: 
be VIE. OS oe ‘ het 60 
las VIII. be oe oe 50 
SEC ue Re “DCO SGe 80 
Tee He By “* 87 to 98..._.__.. 70 


BOUND VOLUMES. 


Can be furnished, strongly bound in cloth and 
boards, as follows: 


Vol. I, YOUNG OOLOGIST......... . ..........5 8d 
CONTIG BY ee and Vol. lil THE 

OoLoGist, bound in one volume.only 73 
“TX. THE OOLOGIST for ’92, 298 pages of 
valuable and instructive Oological 
andOrnithological matter with many ' 

full page illustrations ONLY ........ -....... 1 00 


Or if you order the three volumes at one time, 
we will send them by return mail for only $2.35. 
Every student of birds, their nests and eggs 
should have these three volumes in their library 
The valuable information they contain, is 
worth many times the price. Address 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., 
Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 104g (127) 


~Manual of North American Birds. 


Eor the Naturalist and Sportsman. Containing Concise Description of every 
Species of Bird known in North America, and Illustrated by 425 Outline Cuts of 
the Generic Characters. By Ropert RipGEway, Curator Department of Birds, 
U.S. National Museum. 

The object of the present volume is to furnish in a convenient manual of North 
America Ornithology, reduced to the smallest compass, by the omission of every- 
thing that is not vbsolutely necessary for determining the character of any given 
specimen, and including, besides the correct nomenclature of each species, a state- 
ment of its natural habitat, and other concomitant data. 

Originally projected by Professor Spencer F. Baird, and based essentially upon 
the grand national cabinet of American Birds which his energy, ability, and 
enthusiasm have developed from an unpretentious nucleus into a collection un- 
rivaled in extent and wholly unique in scientific value, this work may be consid- 
ered as in a measure, the consumation of a plan conceived by that illustrious nat- 
uralist, whoseworks represent the highest type of systematic ornithology, and 
have furnished the model from which the younger generation of ornithologists 
have drawn their inspiration. 

This ‘‘Manual of North American Birds” will serve as a handy book for the 
Sportsman and traveller, as well as for the resident naturalist. 

Libary Edition. Large 8vo. Bound in cloth. $7.50. Sportsman’s Edition. 
Crown 8vo. Bound in leather, $7.50. Send stamp for sample pages. 

F. H, LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


OUR “BARREL” COLLECTION 


SHOWY SHELLS 


For only $20 you secure a complete ‘‘lay out’? which will retail for $50.. 

This stock of shells is put up expressly for Dealers, either those who have never tried shells or 
those right in the business. They are all Cleaned and ready to put out on the counter. 

We also include some marine curios, which always create great interest and sell well. Give 
this stock a fair show, spread them out where the people can see them and you will want Barrel 
No. 2in short order. Here is what the barrel contains showing retail prices in parenthesis and 
our net rates to the right. 


_ 6 Pink Conch (25) a 5 ae $ 42 6 Cones (50) oc B61). /90 50 56 $1.50 
3 Green Snail (50) of He BS v6) 3 Mitres (15) Be He oa Ae 2 24 
3 Turks Cap (35).. Ee be as 44 6 Mourning Cowries (25).. 30 
6 Spiders (25) te ef Be ae 50 3 Spotted es (20) 18 
6 Tiger Cowries (15) a0 20 Ts 40 12 Sun Shells (05) $e 4a ue 24 
6 White Murex (20) Be ae aH 37 3 E. I. Clams (1.00) ae Se ¥ Ms 1,00 
6 Seah “e (50) Ne ae eo 9 100) 6 Ger. Land Snail (15)... A ig oo 42 
3 Black Murex (25) Bs Ag a0 40, 6 Strombus Vittatus (15) 36 
6 Hooked Scorpions (35) .. ae Aa) fo) 6 Boxes mixed shells (25) 50 
6 Melons (50) he oc i ae 1.20 1 Qt. Olive Shells (05 each) 40 
6 Green Ears (25) .. Ss Ha JE ESO 1 ‘' Cowries mixed (05 each) Ae ais 60 
6 Black Ears (25) as ae do 50 6 W.1. Starfish, large (50) Be 36 1,20 
6 Marlinspikes (50) 50 ae Be “1.00 19 Atlantic ‘‘ (10) a he, hse 50 27 
6 Magpies (25) sh ae ae do) BO) 3 Paclfic GO) (5) we ae fa dali) LBx¢ 
10 Pelican Foot (05) it 2 50 12 1 Sea Beaver (75) ie als 50 35 
6 Murex trunculus (10) 21 1 ‘“ Biscuit (75) 35 
3 Milk Stromba, (25) 20 2 Sand Dollars (10) 06 
3 Kid Conch (15) Me 27  2Sea Horses (25) 25 
6 Atlantic Scallops (05) 07 6Skate Eggs (05) si aye : $6 15 
3% Harps, fine (35) BE se ia 56. 6Shark ‘ (10) ae ate ne ate 30 
6 Japanese Eburna (25) A ne bo 37 — 

Also 6 Species of Corals worth $2,00 $20.00 


F. O. B, Albion, N. Y. or Chicago, Ills. for only $20.00 

We consider this lot the greatest bargain we ever offered for the money. Ordinarily it would 
cost thirty dollars of any Shell firm but “owing to hard times’’ and our being overstocked we pro- 
pose to offer shells for a limited time at 3314 per cent. off wholesale rates. 

Among other Special Bargains we offer a ‘Star Collection”’ of Corals, 20 different speceimens 
for $5.00 Net. Send order AT ONCE. 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., 
Albion, N. Y. or 3571 Cottage Grove Ave.. Chicago. 


104h (128) 


Wonderful “A "herte, Séncier, 


Rechester, N. Y., will pring. 


MEN WANTE livering or collecting. 


Experience not necessary. Steady employ- 
ment. Best terms. Write at once and secnre 
choice of territory. 

ALLEN NURSERY CO., Rochester, N. Y. 


WE HAVE a Job Lot of gold and silver 
plated charm rules, a few are slightly tarnished 
We have less than 2 all told and until sold we 
will mail them prepaid at the following low 
rates: Silver Plated 10c, regular price 50c; 
Gold Plated 15c., regular price7ic. EF, H. LAT- 
TIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


~The Worlds Fair at Rome! 


Selected Photographs, printed and 
mounteu LY a Professional -Photogra- 
pher, from 4x5 Negatives, on Bevel 
Edge Gold Line Mounts 5x6 inches. 

Address P. F. MARCH, Fern 
Bank, Hamilton County, O. 


ALLIGATOR SKINS.—We have a number 
of first-class Alligator skins, made last Novem- 
ber by an experienced hand. Prices prepaid 
only: Fora2% Gator, $2.00; 3 ft. one, $2.50; 
3% ft., $300. Address, 'F. H. LATTIN & CO., 
3571 Cottage Grove Ave., Chicago, Il. 


SAVE YOUR PAPERS. 
“The KLIP is the best thing for 
the purpose I have yet seen.” - J. 
H. RIcHARD, Sup.Schools, Webster 
City, Iowa. 


Samples, with keys, postpaid, 
@c. Covers to order. Agents 
wanted. Price-list free. 


H. H. Ballard. 162, Pittsfield, Mass. 


STRAWBERRY PLANTS, Asparagus Roots 
and Seed Potatoes. I have choice plants of 
twenty leading varieties of Strawberries. Ex- 
tra Fine 2 year old roots of Barr’s Mammoth, 
Palmetto, and Conover’s Colossal Asparagus 
and Fifty selected varieties of Seed Potatoes. 
Will sell at low rates, or will exchange for de- 
sirable Eggs. Specimens or Books on Natural 
History. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


JAPANESE CURIOS. 


To take Orders.. No de- 


COIN, Large Oblong Tempo 96 do 15¢ 
ENVELOPES. package of 24 i 15¢ 
BOOKS on varied subjects, about 100 pages 
in folded Rice Paper 256 
VEGETABLE TOOTH POWDER, pox .. 10c 
‘SKELETONS, an unique toy BE Be 10¢ 
CHICKENS, an Easter novelty no -- 10¢ 
FROGS, large as genuine croakers ve 10c 
JINKO BASKET ahs ae 66 10c¢ 
MINATURE LANTERN, 4in. do SOC 
BIRDS ON WHISTLES Musgata Suge: 
imens? : 10c¢ 
TOOTH. PICKS, 500 in straw box ae .. 10¢ 
LOTTERY TICKET, Chinese we dé 5e 
CHINESE COIN, Cash 50 50 50 --DC 


Any of above sent postpaid on receipt of 
price, or to close out, the extire lot for $1.00 
only about 20 lots in all. 


F.H LATTIN & CO., ALBION, NY. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the ‘OOLOGIST.”’ 


THE OOLOGIST. 


CHECKING LIST of North American Birds. 
In April, 1893 we issued a new Checking List. 
1t contains the name of every North American 
Bird, arranged and numbered according to A. 
O. U. List as revised up to date of issue, Ridge- - 
way’s No’s are also given. They are giving im- 
mense Satisfaction; are printed on extra heavy 
paper, eight pages, three foldings and will go 
nicely into an ordinary envelope. The first 
two pages are left blank for correspondence or 
other purposes. Sample, 2c., 12 for 20c., 100 for 
$1.50. With the sample we also mail you a 
sheet illustrating the different styles of datas. 
we publish. F. H. LATTIN &CO., Albion,N.Y. 


CAN GA PER 


MAKE DAY 


Handling the FASTEST SELLING article on record 
OVER A MILLION SOLD IN PHILADELPHIA! 

No matter where you reside; every body © 
wants them, Write to-day, enclosing 2c, stamp 
and we will mail you4 Free Samples and fuil 
particulars, which will enable you to commence 
work at once. Circulars free. SMITH MFG 
CO., No. 171 Pepper Bldg., Phila., Pa. 


DATAS in Book Form. We have just issued 
a new lot of tre handiest and best article in the 
Data line ever sent out, It consists of 100 of 
our No. 10 Data Blanks with Stub Attachment 
perforated, so as Data can easily be torn from 
stub, nicely and strongly bound in board cov- 
ers (check-book form). When data is torn 
from book, there remains a 2 in. stub, with 
blank for writing the essential part of the data. 
—also for writing how, when, to whom, and for 
what disposed. If you wish to copy the Data 
in full, you can do so by writing description on 
back of the stub. If you have once tried asam- 
ple book you will use no other. Sample, 35 cts. ; 
3 for $1.00; 10 for $3.00. F. H. LATTIN & Co., 
Albion, N. Y. 


Postage Stamps, 
Coins and Shells, 


For Collections. 


WILLIAM ROWLEY, 


107 South Clark Street, CHICAGO. 


General Agent, Scott Stamp and Coin 
Co., New York. 


Agent for F. H. Lattin & Co. 
Send for Free Cireular. 


BIRD CARDS.—A set of sixty all different. 
Each card is beautifully lithographed in many 
colors—in most cases—as true to nature as 
small lithographs can be made of the species 
represented. The size of each card is 14x2% 
iuches. On the back of each is a manufac- 
turing firm’s advertisement and on the bottom 
of the face—but entirely distinct from the lith- 
ograph, so that it can be trimmed, 1f desired 
without injuring the beauty of the picture in 
the least—is their trade mark. The entire set 
of 60 cards will be sent postpaid for only 10cts. 
F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 105 


scuares WY OFI0'S Fair Book sesoy 


We take pleasure in announcing that we have made arrangements with the 
publishers of 


Eve VMACIe Cibhy 


To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the O6Lo- 
Gist at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen 
consecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo- 
graphic Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S wf AIR and the 
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mr. J. W. 
Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been offered to the public. 
They constitute a splendid series of 


Over 300 Views 


In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of 
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance, 
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and 
among wild and curious races of people. 

More than $50,000 have been expended in the preparation of this truly mag- 
nificent work, and $50,000 more will be expended during the next few weeks in 
completing it. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer 
at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of 
Photographs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and won- 
derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld. 

These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled 
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and 
from which the best views could be obtained. 

In addition to the photographs secured by these special artists, the publish- 
ers also had the pick and choice of those taken by the Official Photographer of the 
United States Government. 

THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho- 
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautiful oblong volume, 
11x14 inches in size. 


ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT! 


The photographs could not be purchased separately at less than from $.50 to $1. 
each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly inferior views of this size. 
Portfolios Nos. 1 to 12 are now ready and numbers 13 to 16 will be, by April 1st. 
Cut out the coupons on the next page and mail them to the office of the OoLoaist, 
with TEN CENTS each in stamps or silver, and you will receive as many as you 
may order. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail. 

We want every reader of this announcement, whether a subscriber of the OdLOo- 
GIsT or not to see Portfolio No. 1, whether they conclude to take the following 
parts as issued or not and in order to place No. 1 in their hands we make the fol- 
lowing propositions: 

ist. Send us by an early mail 10c. and coupon for Portfolio No. 1. 

2d. If, upon examination you are not more than pleased with it and do not con- 
sider it fully all we claim for it and in fact worth many times its cost you can 

3d Wrap it up and remail to us and we will not only refund your 10 cents, but 
will also enclose an additional dime for your trouble. Faithfully, 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., Publishers of the OoLogist, Albion, N. Y. 
We made arrangements to secure the Magic Crry for 
the benefit of the subscribers to the OdLOGIST. Our profit 
on them is absolutely nothing. Non-subscribers can use 


the coupons to order 1, 2, or 3 sample Portfolios but for more than that number, 
either they or a member of their Family Must BE A SUBSCRIBER TO THE O6LOGIST. 


aad 


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Drab Vad Vad Pod ob Vad Vad Vad Vad Bal 


U. S. STANDARD SCALES. 
OFRICAGO SCALE OCo.. 


Send for Agents and Dealers Special 


The Little Beauty. 
Capacity 14 0z. to41bs. 


With Brass Bear; 1 & Scoop 
A $5.00 Scale for $3.00. 


**Little Detective.” 
Capacity, 14 oz. to 25 Ibs. 


No. 1, Without Scoop, $3.00 
No. 11/2 Postal Beam, 3.00 
No. 2, Tin Scoop, 3.50 
No. 2, Brass Scoop, 3.75 


60-lb. Grocenr’s Scale. 


Si’gl Beam, Tin Scoop, $8.00 
$ Brass 6 9.50 
Do’ble Beam, Tin Scoop, 8.50 
«« Brass Scoop, 10.00 


Meat or Butter Scale- 


MarblePlatform, D.B., $10.00 
Union Scale. 
Capacity, 1/2-0z. to 240 Ibs, 


No. 1, Heavy. Fine finish. 
No. 2, Neat, Steel Pivots. 


No. 8. Beam D. Beam 
ib $9.35 $10 00 
2. 5.00 6.00 


Brass Scoop,$1.00 extra. 


A desirable Scale for Far- 
mers and Merchants. 


Prices 


Portable Platform 


Scales on Wheels. 


——————— 
500 Ibs, 15 x 2linches, $18. 00 


100° “© 16x25 22.00 
900 “ 17x26 « 36, 60 
20 OMscee O exe Tc 29.00 
1400 “ 20x28 <«“* 33.00 
2000 *° 23x30  -** 48.00 
2500 ‘* 24x32 f 54.00 


Drop Lever, $2.00 extra. 
Double Beam, $3.00 extra, 


2-Qt. Grain Tester. 


With Improved Beam, $10.00 
Hopper, 
Dormant, 
Elevator and 
Railroad Scales 
of All Descriptions. 
Wagon or Stock 
Scales. 
Tron Lever, Steel Bearings, 
Brass Beam and Beam Box, 
included with each Scale. 


2 Ton, 6x12 feet, $40.00 


BG ~ abales |G 50.00 
Ge tO” be 08 ALND 
5 * Dump 75.00 
Omen Sxi Omen’ 90.00 
Bcc X22 ee 110.00 


Patent Grain Dump with 
-Ton Seale, arranged in 
Platform, taking no extra 
depth. Price, $25.00. 
Boulton Patent Stock Rack 
can be put on either of our 
Seales. This Rack can be 
opened or closed in one 
minute on the Platform 
without changing the bal- 
ance of the Scale. Irons, 
with Right to use, $10. 00. 
Premium Scales of the World 


One Thousand Other Artiel 
Send for Descriptive Circulars. 


Vulean Anvil. 
Steel Face and Horn. 


GF 


or Upright 
“ill 


Double Back,Geared. Drills 
from 1 to 1th inch to center 
of 141 inch circle; diam- 
eter of Spindle 1g inch; 
mounted on 2 inch hard. 
wood plank, 50 inch long; 
takes 1/2 inch Round Shank 
Drills. Price, $8.50. 

Twist Drills of all Sizes at 
lowest prices. 


Bench or Farm 
Forge. 


Welds, 11/9 neha ion $5.00. 


No 4 Lever Forge. 
30 inch high. 9 inch Fan. 
80 lbs. 


Hearth 22 inch. Price, $7.50 
Bellows, Vices, TireShrink- 
ers, Tire Benders, Screw 
Plates,and Blacksmith Tools 
of all descriptions. 


yy 
40-Ib., $3.30 80-Ib., $5.00 | 
50-Ib., 3.75 100-Ib., 6.25 
60-Ib., 4.10 120-Ib., 7.50 
70-Ib., 4.60  150Jb., 9.50 
Excelsi 


en 


Sewing Mechs: 


Singer Style as above, 
se with Drop 

Leaf and 5 Drawers, 
Singer Style, new im- 
proved High Arm, 
The “Champion” lat- 
est improved made, 
“New Jewel’ known 
all over the World 
and can’t be beaten 18.00 
Oak or Walnut Furniture 
with either the four last. 
Splendid set of Attachments 


Iron and Steel Safes. 
Fire and Burglar Proof. 


$9 25 
12.00 
14.00 
17.00 


~ Weight. 


No. Price 
3 Iron 500 Ibs. $20.0 
4 700 24,00 
5 1,000 ‘* 28.00 
6 1,200 * 35.00 
7 2,400 * 80.00 
No7 Dbl Doors out & inside 
30 Steel 600 Ibs $23.00 
40 800 * 27.00 
50 1,000 ** 32.00 
60 IFS00) 6 40.00 
70 2,300 <‘ 62.00 


Coffee & Spice Mill. 
Handsomely Decorated 


Ht, 5ioft; wt. 230 Ibs, $17.50 


es at Less than Wholesale Prices. 
Address CHICAGO SCALE CO., Chicago, Hl 


108 THE OOLOGIST. 


Ate ice = 
ye have something You want 


If you don’t believe it, read on: 


(ooreieyy you remember our exhibit at the World’s Fair, of mounted birds: 

under convex glasses, down in the Anthroplogical Building. In connece- 
tion with this we established a store up on \Cottage Grove Avenue, in which we: 
put a stock of nearly everything we handle. From this point we have done a 
large wholesale business for some months. The time is rapidly drawing near 
when we shall discon‘inue this ‘‘Branch” and rather than ship the large and varied 
assortment East, we shall sell at a sacrifice. Remember we offer speciai rates to. 
wholesale buyers, and exceptional opportunities to the collector, in any of the. 
following departments: 


Scientific and Commercial. Of the former we 

Sh el Is have just printed a new list, pricing many new spe-. 

r) cies. The latter, which includes everything ordinar- 

ily sold at the Seaside Resorts and Shell Houses at high prices, we have in large 
quantities at low rates. 


From every part of the World. Large and small, 
é O ra { S all colors obtainable. Round showy heads, the: 
@ ._itinest we ever obtained. We can furnish an as- 
sortment that cannot fail to please, from $5 up. 


@ Land and Marine. A choice variety of Star Fish, 

( U | OS Sea Urchins, Sea Beavers, Plants, etc. Nuts and 

@ Beans from Tropical Climates, Stuffed Horned 

Toads, Tarantulas, Scorpions, and hundreds of other specimens, just the thing for- 
object teaching, or collections. 


Our stock is mainly showy, but we fur-- 


) 
VI | ni e ra [ S nish cabinets of all sizes that always given 
® satisfaction. Detailed lists on application. 
m 7 Scientifically 
Bird and d, ma kins prepared We 
° havea large as- 


sortment of both North and Central American, Birds of Paradise, ete. Bulletins. 
are issued from time to time, showing exactly what we have in stock. New List. 


just out. 
yy | cr S pa : cranks” in all parts of the country, 
— know that Lattin & Co. have the 
largest @ariety of eggs obtainable. If you have a collection you want to add to, or 
want to get one, NOW is the time to attend to it. Our new Standard Catalogue, 
35 cents. Ifyou want ‘‘sets,’’ send for new Bulletin just out. 
A varied lot of fine axes, 


| nT RP @ 
| al @ la a : el | CS scrapers, hoes, celts, pipes, 
Ns ; aN @ hammer stones, banner: 
stones, ornaments, spears, Bird “and Arrow points, of every shape, in any quan- 
tity. Modern relics, as Apache and Sioux vests, leggins, wrisclets, belts, knife- 
sheaths, tobacco pouchesgand various other ornaments and articles of apparel. 


War Clubs, all sizes and prices. 


All the “Boys, both old and 
&, young,”, commonly called ‘egg 
@ 


THE OOLOGIST. 109 


0 9 s Nets, Cork, Ent. Cas- 

EF ntcmolo Ist’s Upplies cp, Opens Ben cose 

Cee AlSom a dine ote sok 

BUTTERELIES, all scientifically labeled and prepared. If interested, send 
‘for list with prices. 


s > s Collecting Cans, Plant Presses, 
OLanISt S Upp 1eS. Microscopes, Labels, ete. 
oD : Drills, Blowers, Embryo Scissors, 
(pologist’s Supplies. Books, Calipers, Datas, etc. 
: 5 Instruments and Supplies. We have everything 
axl ermisi N you need. Tools of all kinds. Complete Taxider- 


mist’s Outfit, $2 to $5. Everything used in Taxi- 
ddermy Work. Glass Eyes in large or small lots. Special rates to large buyers. 


: We have a few in stock and can furnish 
ounted Bi N on short notice anything desired. We make 
* a specialty of Birds, Mammals, etc., moun- 
ited under convex glasses. Special list just out. 


Special rates for the next sixty days, on anything 
OO & in stock. Send for list. 
® 


The above gives a faint idea of what we have in our Chicago Branch. This 
‘stock is all new and contains no rubbish. We have more than we can afford to 
carry, on hand and offer now a Special Inducement to anyone who has 
$3,000 to $5,000 cash to invest. Chicago with her Million people has no store like 
ours. It will pay anyone who has a slight knowledge of this business to take our 
-stock and establishment and make it permanent headquarters for Naturalists in 
the Middle and Western States. Address, 


F. H. Lattin & Co., 3571 Cottage Grove Ave, Chicago, III. 


THE LATEST Our Address 
7 until May 1, 1894, will be at either 
Dating Stamp. ee ee 
No. 3571 Cottage Grove Ave., 
{894 to 1899. CHICAGO, ILLS. 


You canaddress your orders and letters to 

whichever address you are the nearer—All 

@ matters pertaining to the OOLOGIST, however, 

should be addressed to Albion. Should you 

) wish to reach us personally, you should address 

|} POST PAID. “LATTIN, at ALBION, and “WEBB”, at 
i : ; : CHICAGO. 

| Satisfaction Guarant’d Faithfully, | 


EF. H. LATTIN & CO, 


R. W.FORD, THEN AGAIN 


Rubber Stamp Mfr. If you want to make a 


BRISTOL, CONN. Scrap-book, indefinitely 
a = extensible, under one al- 
Can coin big money. Bran new 


plan. Great craze. Just out. a 
“Good side line.” Biggest chance 4 ether. 
ever offered agents.salary or Ccom- : Trial dozen, 75c. Covers 
mission. Be quick. Goods on : t Bae : 
credit. Samples,etc..Free. MUL- © One 

‘TIPLEX CO., No. 171 8th and Locust.Phila.,Pa. H. H. Ballard, 162, Pittsfield, Mass. 


110 THE OOLOGIST. 


A FULL JINE 


Of everything in all branches of Naturalists’ Supplies. 


Our Stock the Best. Prices Lowest. 
Orders promptly filled. 


OHAS, Kh. RAED, 


262 Main St., Worcester, Mass. 


Res To all that mention this advt. in OoLocist I will send my 
large Illustrated Catalog free. 


3 CouroN 


GOOD 


For Zs Cents 


On any order of one dollar or more 
until June 1, °94, NOT AFTER. 


CHAS. K. REED, 
262 Main St., Worcester, Mass 


TAT 


amnm 
3 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Announcement 
Extraordinary! 


*Davie’s Methods in the Art of Taxidermy” 
will appear this month. 


At last this great illustrated SUBSCRIPTION work will be delivered to its subscribers in one royal 
octavo volume, superbly and substantially bound in silk cloth. Hach copy encased in a box. 
The work will be national in its character, with 


NINETY FULL-PAGE ENGRAVINGS, 
@ THEODORE JASPER, A. M. M. D. 


The whole work containing Five Hundred Figures clearly iliustrating the modes of procedure in 
the art, together with examples of Characteristic Forms and Attitudes of Various Species of the 
Animal Kingdom, including Reproductions from Photographs of Actual Work by American Taxider- 


111 


cMfERLY DRAWN BY 


mists. 


List of the Pilates in Davie’s “Methods in the Art of Taxidermy.” 


FRONTISPIECE. Display Group 
in the Author’s Museum. 

PLATES. , 
1-5 Instruments, 36 figures. 
6 Artificial Eyes, 36 fig. 
7 Topography ofa Bird. 
8 Feathered Tracts and Un- 
feathered Spaces in Birds,2 tig 
9 Skeleton of an Eagle. 

10 Skinning a Bird, 9 tig. - 

11 Returning the Skin over the 
Skull. 

12 Adjusting Feathers of the 
Head. 

13 Mounting a Bird, 14 fig 

‘14 Wiring and Poisoning the 
Tarsus. 

15 Finishing a Mounted Bird, 
&e. 5 fig. 

16 Winding the Plumage of 
Birds, 3 fig. 

17 Removing Owl's Hyes, etc. 
etc., 8 fig. 

18 Breast-cut Method of Mount- 
ing Birds, éte., 7 fig. 

19 Variations and Exceptions 
in Skinning Birds, 7 fig. 

20 Legs. Wings, etc., etc., 4 fig. 

21 Mounting Birds with Spread 
Wings, 5 fig. 

22 New Method of Mounting 
Long-necked Birds, 5 fig. 

23 Framework of the Ostrich. 

24 Mending Broken Bones of 
Birds, 9 fig. 


25 Drying Forms for Birds, 3 fig 
26 Wrapping Skins for the Cab- 


inet: (2) figs 

27 Models tor Bird Skins. 7 fig. 

23 Ascertaining the Sexes of 
Birds. 2 fig. 

29-39 Korms and Attitudes of 
Birds. 51 fig. 

40 American White-fronted 


Goose, in Thread Winding, 
Greater Yellow-legs,in step- 

ping Attitude, &c. 

42 Cooper’s Hawk. 

43 Oological Instruments, etc., 
ete. 9 fig. 

44 Skinning Small Mammals. 
6 fig 

45.46 Wiring 
peds. (fig. 

47 Sewing up the Opening in 
Small Quadrup-ds. 6 fig. 

48 Skins of Quadrupeds. 2 fig. 

49 Skeleton of a Greyhound. 

50 Superficial Muscles of the 

Horse and Dog, ete. 5 fig. 
Diagram for ( ObtainingMeas- 

urements of Large Quadrupeds 

etc., etc. 

52-54 Stages of Building the 

Manikin and mounting a Grey- 

hound upon the Dermonlastic 

Method, etc. 6 fig. 
Frame-work for Mounting 

the Elephant. 

56-59 Mounting of the Horse 
upon the Dermoplastic Method 
11 fig. 


41 


Small Quadru- 


51 


55 


60-66 Forms and Attitudes of 
Mammals. 1S flg. 

67 Proboscis Monkey. 

6S Chimpanzee’s Head, Hands, 
and Feet. 4 fig. 

69 Sewing up the Opening Cut 
in Heads with Horns, etc., etc. 
10 fig. 

70 Designs tor Center-boardsin 
Heads, etc. 4 fig. 

71 Finished Mammal Heads in 
rage. with mouth open. 4 fig. 

Mounted Dog Heads. 7 fig. 

73 Buffalo Head. 

Head of Big-horn Sheep. 

Caribou Head. 

Elk Head. 

Moose Head. 

78 ‘steer Heads. 

79-80 Skinning and Mounting 
Tortoise, Snakes and Fishes. 
10 fig. 

81 Wiring in the Frog. 

82 Wiring in Crustaceans. 4 fig. 

83 Skeletonizing and Mounting 
a Turtle. 3 fig. 

a Snake and Lizard Attitudes. 

fig. 

85 Quail Group with Painted 
Background in Convex Glass. 

86 Trout Scene with Painted 
Background in Convex Glass. 

87 WoundedBlack-backed Gull. 

S88 Short-eared Owl in Gilded 
Crescent. 


89 Making Casts. 5 tig. 


THE PRICE OF THIS WORK IS $10 NET. 


AS we have purchased a limited number of copies at the subscriber’s price ($5) we will make the 
extraordinary offer to supply the few we have contracted for af the subscriber’s price. $5.00. —*i 

When these are exhausted we will positively not be able to furnish the work for less than $10 per 
copy. Our readers can form a fair idea of the magnitude of this work by perusing the list of plates 
which we give above. The work will contain a fulllist of the American and Foreign subscribers. 


on Aish IN 2. CO) ALBION, N_Y. 


112 . THE OOLOGIST. 


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SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS. 


With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is 
proposed to take the lead in furnishing systematic collections for 
teaching MINERALOGY, GEOLOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools 
and Colleges, Individual Specimens also furnished. Catalogue sent 
‘on receipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps. 


RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS. 


Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describ- 
ing Grand Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, 
Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius, Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, 
Etc., Etc. Also model of the whole United States, with adjotning 
ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture. Many of these made 
especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for 
the Palestine Exploration Fund, now ready. 


LANTERN SLIDES. 


Series of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical 


Geography, Etc. ? 
METEORITES. 
A good price paid for meteorites of all kinds. New. and unde- 
scribed ones especially desired. An extra price paid for the entire 


‘“‘find” or ‘‘fall”’. Meteorites also cut, polished and etched. 


WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS. 


These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences’ with 
teachers and experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey 
and U. S. National Museum, have just been introduced into the 
schools of Washington, and will be known as the Washington School 
Collections. It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence 
have ever before been offered in this country at so low a price 
($2 each). Send for circulars. 


EDWIN E. HOWELL, 612 17th St. Washington, D. C. 


_Monthiy. 


VOL. XI. NO. 4, 


EN GERI RIRIET ERIE 


PE Se Lee eee ee es 


Wat Bea re, oe SC 


ALBION, N. Y¥% 


a 
. eee i 


~ 


(eRCEEEEE, 


“SER 50c. per Year. a3 


APRIL, 1894: WHOLE No. 102 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements. “Wants,” “Exchanges” For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over 
word. No notice inserted for less than 5ve, 


“DEALERS” Gan use these columns at Regular 


35. words, Charged: at the rate,of one cent per’ each adaitional 
“Terms, cash with order. 
Advertising rates, onli, 


Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list raves. 
Exchange’ Cards and Coupons, (subscription) will be GI ee for * pWenhS, eee “Exchanges” oe 


cand according ‘to Gongielons! sta iad: thereon. 


To “EXCHANGE: —Specitiiéns « of 7 Fossil 


Palms, Ferns, Leavés from-Coal,Mines of -N. Se 
E. Penna. for Fossils, Indian Relics or Miner- 


als. H. MYERS, Archbald, Pa. A-M 


TO EXCHANGE.—Autoharp with music, sil- 
‘ver postage stamp case, and painted placques 
for eggs, sets or singles. L. F. HHAPHY, 104 
E. 26th St., N. Y. City. 


CENTURY MAGAZINE, Complete set of 
new issue, bound in publishers old gold cloth, 
like new. Will sell for the price of binding 
$1 a Vol. or will exchange at $2 for rare Sets, 
Well authenticated. EGBERT BAGG, 191 Gen- 
esee st., Utica, N. Y. 


SCREW Cutting Foot Lathe. 7%x380 inch 
Swing, with swivel raising rest. chuck with two 
sets jaws, three face plates, cenire-rest. drill 

gad, fork-centre, all in first-class order. Price 

0. Address, F. H. JACKSON, Angelica, N. Y. 


LOOK! Forty copies. Journal of Education, 
twenty South Dakota Educators, fifteen The 
Teacher’s Institutes, eleven School Journals. 
all in good condition, a few pieces cut out of 
the first two sets. To exchange for best offers 
of petrified woods. fine minerals and_ foss*l 
ferns, or Indian relics. Fifteen good ungrooved 
or lightly grooved flint stone tomahawk heads 
to exchange at “forty cents apiece. GEO. W. 
DIXON, L. Box 381, Watertown, S. D. 


NOTICE! I will pay the following cash 
prices for lightly cancelled Columbian Stamps: 
le, per 190 10¢€; 2c. per 1005c; 8c. per 100 $1; 4e. 
per 100 50c: 5c. per 100 50c: ic. per 100 $2.50; &e. 
per 100 $2; 10¢c. per 100 A0c; 15¢, exch 8c: 30c. each 
15e; 50e, each 20c: 1. e1ch 60c: $2. each $1: $2, 
each $2: $4. each #3: $5..each 31. Stamped en- 
velopes Ic. per 100 entire4dtes 2c. per 100 entire 
30e. If cut square 4 the above: prices. J will 
remit promptly for all stam. s’- Address W. C. 
PICKENS, pneston: Ala. Gi 


“Enclosed find postal note tor $2 97 in payment 
‘for adv. and also for renewalof my subscription 
to-the OoLoatist. Would say that fhe last ex. 
notice in your paper broucht more answers than 
-I needed. Wm. Rolte, San Bernardino, Calif, 


MOUNTED Specimens and ‘skins for scienti-° 
fic purposes. YM. NICHOLSON, Orlando,’ 
Florida. 


aN ANON PEED SP WD ae gp SELON 

STAMPS on Approval.—40 per cent. Commis- 
sion, 50 varieties stamps including Japan 10c, 
100 varieties including Siam 15c, 200 varieties 
including Monaco and Hayti 50c, 7 varieties 
Heuador unused 10. MEEKER-TOWE 


STAMP CO., P. O. Box 296, Bridgeport Ct. A38t 


SEND $1 (and 20 cts silver) and receive post- 
paid a Blue Jay, Bronzed Grackle or any com- 
mon bird. same size mounted (on perch) by 
Violet S. Williams, who sent the only collec- 
tion of mounted specimens admitted to the 
Woman’s Building at the Columbian Exposi- 
tion. Hresh specimens sent two or three weeks 
after receiving order. Address, MRS. VIOLET 
S. WILLIAMS, Coralville, Johnson Co., Ia. 


STUFFED and live Alligators, TarponScaler. 
Mounted fishes, Florida curios, in exchange 
for Collecting Gun, Rifle or BB Cornet or Man- 
ual of North American Birds. Send me list of 
What you have for exchange and getmine. Ad- 
dress. FRED STEEBNSGAARD, Taxidermist, 
St. James City. Fla. 


FOR SALE or Exchange. Telescope. cost 
$3; 29 bar Chromatic xylophone $5; 3 fine figures 
for Punch and Judy show. #4. Will take $6 cash 
or $5 in curlosities. A. RIGLING, 201 South 12 
St. Philadelphia, Pa. 


“‘Enelosed please tind Money Order for $1.80 for 
which please insert the enclosed advertisement 
13 the On1oGistr tor three months beginning with 
Anrilnumber Ad. in this months issue has 
proved the value of your paper aS an advertising 
medium, and we cannot recommend it to highly 
10 advertisers.” Meeker-lowe Stamp Co., Bridge- 
port, Coun. 


WE HAVE a Job Lot of gold and silver 
lated charm rules, a few are slightly tarnished 
Ve have less than 25 all told and until sold we 

will mail them prepaid at the following low 
rates: Silver Plated 10c. regular price 50c; 
Gold Plited 1ic.. regular price7b5c. EF, H. LAT- 
TIN & CO., Albion. N. Y. 


130 


TO EXCHANGEH.—1 new 22 caliber, single 
shot Davenport Rifle. Price $7. for Coues’ Key 
in fine condition. Must be in fine condition. 
Address. HUGH S. CAMPBELL, El Paso, Ill. 


A. FINE ivory headed 6 keyed Meyer piccalo, 
plush lined leather case, cost $10, almost new, 
for best cash offer not under $4.50. GEO. E. 
BALDWIN, St. Johns, Mich. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Fine California birds 
and eggs. Strictly first-class specimens given 
and desired. Desireable species wanted. Lists 
exchanged. F. I. ATHERTON, Los Gatos. 
California. 


BRACHIOPO.S-First-class specimens(scien- 
tifically labled) to exchange for entomological 
instruments or supplies. Guaranteed cocoons 
of Cecropia and Prometheus for other species. 
Satisfaction guaranteed. Address. C. E. CUM- 
MINGS, 560 Auburn Ave.. Buffalo. N. Y. 


I HAVE eggs of the Great Horned and Barred 
Owl, Red-tailed and Cooper’s Hawk to ex- 
change for good Indian relics also for good 
eggs. JASPER BROWN. Norway. Ila. 


CALIFORNIA Birds and E¢ggs.—Extra fine 
skins and mounted birds at bedrock prives. 
Mounted collections furnished on short notice 
at great discount. Eggs in sets for sale chean. 
Send stamp for price lists. Satisfaction guar- 
anteed. F. I. ATHERTON, Box 60. Los Gatos, 
California. A2t 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Wanted to exchange 
Baltimorian No. 10 self inking printing press 
With all appliances; fullline of chemicals; in- 
duction coil. batteries. beils, push buttons, etc. 
for eggs, revolver or caSh. Correspondence of 
parties collecting eggs also desived. All] an- 
swered. GEORGE GALLAGHER, JR.. West 
New Brighton, Staten Island, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Some five and ten cent 
stamps of 1847 issue (rare) for Indian relics or 
eggs. also 3 or 4 years of Leslie’s Popular 
Monthly. LON L. SMITH, 20 Gibson St., Can- 
andaigua, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—An A 1 Detective camer. 
Printing press, racing skates and Cigarette 
maps and cards. for two, 32 cal. revolvers, ‘two 
bowie knives, Oologists supplies, anda 92 or 93 
model Columbia bicycle saddle For particul- 
ars write to. CHAS. F. HEPBURN. Park Ave. 
Hotel 32d-33d St., New York. N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Mounted birds. animals, 
game heads, antlers, skins of mammals and 
birds or anything in our line for 5x7 folding 
camera an'i double barrel breech loading shot 
gun suitable for ducks and geese. We have in 
pickle and for sale, fine skins of cow moose. a 
mt. sheep, antelope and red fox. WM. HOW- 
eG & SON, Taxidermists, Minneapolis, 

inn. 


BIRDS Eggs. skins. firearms. Stamps. and 
books to exchange for eggs and mounted birds. 
Want to exchange eggs obtainable here for 
eggs of other localities. Will buy Coues’ Key 
and other books on Ornithology if cheap. S. 
vo RENSSELAER, JUN... West Orange, 


TO EXCHANGE.—Old numbers of Harper's 
Magazines about 100 for Old Flint Lock Mus- 
ket, Flint lock Horse Pistol. Navy Cutlasses 
Sabers, Rapiers, Indian Relics. Shells, Birds 
Eggs or any other curios. Write what you 
have. L. L. SMITH, JR., 20 Gibson St.. Can- 
andaigua,. N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


U. S. STAMPS for collection wanted in ex- 
for $8 worth of eggs in full sets withdata.  H- 
LAFLER, Albion, N. Y. 


GREAT Bargain. To exchange eggs in sets 
and singles from Kansas, collectors from other 
localities please write. satisfaction guaranteed. 
E. R. SMICH, Imes Kansas. 


STAMPS, Arrowheads and Eggs for Fossils. 
and Eggs in sets not in my collection. Would 
like to exchange sets this season. Write: 
CLAUDE B. HARRIS, Russellvile, Ind. 


TO EXCHANGE 100 end blown birds eggs: 
for Coues’ Key or best offer. JOHN O’CON-- 
NORS. 387 Blatchley Ave , New Haven, Conn. 


NO'WICE.—First-class Calif. bird skins for 
sale cheap. W.H. HILLER. 147 W. 23d St., 
Los Angeles. Calif. Please mention OOLOGIST 
when writing. 


FOR SALE.—Over 316 worth of Singles, 28 
varieties, 116 specimens Purchaser will re-- 
ceive a good set, with data, gratis. Cash price 
$8. Address, L W. BROKAW. Salinas, Calif. 


FLINT SCRAPERS.—Consisting of Red and 
Gray Flint, found in deposit, nice specimens, 
supply limited. 3 for 25c. postpaid. Address, 
HARRY B. MAPEL. Columbus Grove. O. 


FOR SALE.-—Sfevens’ 32 cal. rifle’ in good 
condition. Will sell cheap, write for particul-- 
ars. D. B. LORD. Deep River, Conn. 


FIRST-CLASS Marbled Murrelet skins to 
exchange for U. S. Confederate and Foreign 
Postage Stamps. Taxidermist Tools and books. 
on Natural History. GEORGE L. ALVER- 
SON, P. O. Lock Box 232, Fairhaven, Whatcom. 
Co., Washington. 


FREE COPIES! The NMidiologist for March. 
is a great number, Many interesting articles on 
collecting and bird lite. with beautiful ‘‘half 
tone’? illustration. including a page illustra- 
tion of Golden Eagle’s nest. We want you to 
see what a facinating magazine the Nidiologist_ 
is. therefore. for this one number we will se-d 
samples free on application. H. R. TAYLOR,. 
Editor and Publisher. Alameda, California. 


I HAVE acollection of Hawks and Owls eggs 
valued at over $250, containing, among Other- 
rare sets, a fine series of 29 Mississippi Kites in 
sets. all taken by my collector in Southern 
Kansas. also 1-5 White-tailed Kite, 3-2 Sharp-' 
shinned Hawk, ete. Complete jauthentic data: 
with all sets. I will sell at1-5 catalogue price, 
any eggs not satisfactory may be returned and 
money refunded. This collection contains 
about 65 sets and over 225 eggs, all Hawks and 
Owls. The Kite’s eggs alone are worth over 
double what I ask for the whole collection, 
Oorrespondence solicited. W. B. PORTER, 
Berwyn. Cook Co.; 1. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Arrowheads for fine large 
showy Minerals, an Emu’s egg, fine Fossil 
Ferns polished (one side), Agates and a Hum- 
ming Bird’s Nest and two eggs. I also want 
two extra nice White Quartz War Club Heads, 
a Copper Ax, Hatchet and Knife, and an Iron 
Tomahawk. Will give extra good exchange in 
minerals. fossils, shells or other Indian Relics. 
Dictionary of American Politics priced at $1.25. 
World of Knowledge,1.50 and Hinsdale’s Amer- 
ican Government #2, all brand new.to exchange: 
for above or other fine Indian Relics. GEO. 
W. DIXON, Watertown. S. D. ; 


When answering advertisements. 
always mention the “OOLOGIST.’* 


THE OOLOGIST. 131 


I WILL exchange good {foreign and U. S. 
stamps for U. S.stamps not in my Collection. 
Send your sheets andI will do same. R. M. 
BOOTH, 1130 E. Monroe St., Springfield, Illy. 
GxI.; P..S., 7, Trustee. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A Quackenbush 22 cal. 
safety rifle, 32 cal. Smith & Wesson revolver, 
32 cal. Forehand Arms Co. revolver, will ex- 
change for coins. stamps, bird skins insects or 
a good microscope. R. W. PRATT, Parker,S.D. 


TREE CLIMBERS with spring steel clasps 
instead of straps, great scheme will sell for $3 
cash or $ worth of sets, Indian relics or curios. 
CLARENCE H. WATROUS Chester, Middle- 
sex Co., Conn. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Books on travel and ad- 
ventures. for eggs specimens or books on Or- 
nithology. W.S.PASK, 1415 M'%, Galveston, 
Texas. 


ODELL Type Writer in good order, cost $15. 
to exchange for good Microscope, B. L. Shot- 
gun, Sea shells, Camera or offers. Write. 
FRANK STUART, Ritzville, Wash. 


TO EXCHANGE.—30 foreign stamps, all dif- 
ferent for cents ‘‘coined before 1857,’ 40 foreign 
stamps all different for % cent pieces. Coins 
must be in good condition. E. J. GARLOCK, 
1602 W. 20 St., Des Moines, Iowa. 


I AM prepared to collect all kinds of Oregon 
eggs, with full data. and small hole at catalo- 
gue prices, in exchange for shells. REY 
STRYKER, Milwaukie, Oregon. 


TO EXCHANGE.—90 Foreign and U. S. 
coins, value $3. First class sets of A. O. U. 
339 1-3 1-2, 51L 1-4 1-3, 390 1-6, 77 3-2 5-1, 488 2-4 2-3, 
766 2-4, 507 1-6, 263 1-4, 725 1-5 1-4 and 35 singles. 
Want 420 1-2. 325 1-2, 326 1-2 and other sets. 
FRED N. SINCLAIR, Skaneateles, N. Y. 


I WISH to correspond with all advanced col- 
lectors Wishing first-class skins or sets from 
Southern California. Send ‘*‘want” lists. EVAN 
DAVIS, Orange, Orange Co., California. 


FOR SALE.—A few choice sets of Mallard, 
Teal. Am. Bittern, etc., cheap for cash. Orders 
booked for 1894 collecting, correspondence sol- 
icited. FRANK HARRIS, LaCrescent, Minn. 


ELK and Moose Antlers. Fine specimens of 
Montana Ores and Minerals for U.S. and For- 
eign Coins, Fractional Currency and Auto- 
graphs of Famous People. F. NELSON, 123 
S. Main St.. Butte, Mont. " 


TO EXCHANGE,—Two single action 32 cali- 
bre revolvers worth $2 each, for best offer in 
eggs, Stamps. books. or curiosities. DONALD 
CURRIE, 1505 West Lake St., Minneapolis, 
Minn, 


I WILL sell Florida eggs this season at 15 
catalogue rates. On orders over $3, 15 per 
cent. discount. Sets or Singles. Write for list 
R. W. WILLIAMS, JR.. Tallahassee, Fla, 


WANTED-AI1 Columbian stamps,used,above 
2c. Will give in exchange first-class eggs, sets 
or singles. Will allow face value for 3. 6 and 
all over 10c. WALTON MITCHELL, 534 Sum- 
mit Ave., St. Paul, Minn. 


MAGAZINES.—Kight volumes of Century, 
six vols. Forum, six vols. Outing all bound in 
half leather. (War articles and Life of Lincoln). 
Exchange for Indian relics, curios or good min- 
erals. Quality considered above quantity. 

F. M. MUHLIG, Joliet, Ill. 


FOR SALE.—A fine canvas canoe, built last 
July. Has been in the water only a few times. 
For only $5. Write quick, CHAS C. SWISHER, 
Tunkhannock, Pa. 


STAMP COLLECTORS.- Send 10 cents for 
our really fine mixture of 200 foreign stamps. 
Send in order at once. The STAMP ASSOC- 
IATION, Irving Park, I11. 


FOR SALE.—Collection of stamps, catalog- 
ued at $135. Remington 22 rifle in good condi- 
tion $3.50. Five drawer Egg cabinet $3. Live 
Chameleons. fifty cents per dozen. Address, 
A. B. BLAKEMORE, 280 St, Andrew St., New 
Orleans, La. 


WANTED.—Hornaday’s Taxidermy. Ridg- 
way’s Manual and *‘Hawks and Owls of the U. 
S.? Will give big exchange in skins of White 
Pelican, Ducks and Owls, also eggs in singles 
and sets. Address. B. H. BAILEY, 402 A Ave., 
Cedar Rapids, Iowa. 


I HAVE a beautiful 22 cal. Remington rifle 
(including canvas case), latest model, in per- 
fect condition; valued at $8.50. which I will sell 
for highest cash offer. PAUL RUSHMORE, 
109 Cambridge Place, Brooklyn. N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—For Indian relics, coins 
or fossils, a collection of marine specimens. 
Write for particulars, T. W. THORNDIKE, 
22 Newbury St., Boston, Mass. 


SETS of Hummingbirds eggs with nest and 
data for 5Uc. Sets and singles to trade for- 
Coues’' Keys. Ridgeway’s Manual, Maynard’s 
Eggs and Davie’s Egg Check List. Sets and 
singles sold at half price. W.B.JUDSON, 531 
Eidorado St., Pasadena. Cal. 


WILL Trade or Sell for best offers, Field. 
Camera, (good condition) with tripod plates 
(7x8) and complete outfit for making photo- 
graphs. cost $20, will sell for less. Also. 
mounted Jack-rabbit, Mink, Butcherbird or any 
bird or small animal obtainable in my local- 
ity. W.W.SHELLY, Taxidermist, Hesston. 
Kansas. 


WILL GIVE Florida Cormorant 1-4 for Gull- 
billed Tern 1-4; English Moorhen 1-4 tor Forst-- 
ers Tern 1-3; Green Finch 1-5 for Long-tailed 
Chat 1-4. F. A. PATTON, Drawer 35,Hamilton,_ 
Canada. 


OF INTEREST to Stamp Collecters.—600 dif- 
ferent cheap sets for sale; for instance 6 Chili 
5c.: 4 Costa Riga 3c.; 6 Ecuador 5c.; 5 Guate- 
mala 5c.; 6 Hong Kong 7c.;7 Japan 5c.; 3 Lib- 
eria 12c.;5 Salvador 1Uc.;8 Simoa, current is- 
sue, 50c, and many others. Send for dull price 
list. W. SELLSCHOPP & CO., 108 Stockton 
St., San Francisco, Cal. A38t 


WANTED.—Hand Printing Press, Chase not. 
less than 444x744 with a few fonts of type, ete., 
in exchange for rare eggs in sets and singles, 
nice collection of sea shells, books on Natural 
History, etc. F. E. FORD, Middlefield, Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Gold watch, nearly new 
cost 40 (G. M. Wheeler) nickle movement, 21 
year hunting case. Also ladies gold watch, 
cost $22, nearly new. Both watches in fine con- 
dition. Also $5 gold top ring,cigarette pictures 
and 4x5 instanious camera cost $15, for good bi- 
cycle or offers. OTIS CALLAHAN, Cedar 
Run, Pa. 


When answering advertisements. 
always mention the ““OOLOGIST.,.”” 


1382 


Ub Vt 


FOR SALE.—One set of 1 egg and 3 of 2 eggs 
each of Bald Eagle, all first class with full data. 
Also a new copy, late edition of Our Birds in 
their Haunts. for $2 prepaid. -WM. H. BELL, 
West Point. Va. 


EXCHANCE.—Trostler Egg Tools, ‘Stamps, 
ete. for Periodicals, Eggs or will sell for cash. 
Send for stamp eNO ET Sheets. KERR & 
PERHAM, Sandwich, 111. : 


FOR SALE or RERUN GG IBCHENI 120 in- 
sects in caSe\ will exchange for books on Na- 
ture. Youth Companions to exchange for. - cu- 
riosities. Write what’ you have with 
stamp.’ R. J. CLEVELAND, Exeler, Me.’ 


WANTED.—To exchange for Books: on” His- 
torv, Biography, Travel’s Geology and Natural 
History, a Columbia Tandem Tricycle, in First 
Class condition Cost $250. Address, iMAX'C. 
METCALF, North East, Penn. 


“Thave already received many answers to my. 
Ex. noticein March No. and anticipate making 
many ae exchavees during: the: present 
season,’ ee Cur Hemny, iN. 7 ‘ity. f j 


I HAVE a few. automatic’ éjector’ Yevolvers, 
double action, nickle plated, rubber stock, cen- 
ter fire)'32¢or 88 jcal.,-,3i4. inch: rifle’ barrel and 
long fluted cylinder, Weight 16 oz’ ‘Sent-on re- 
ceipt of $4.25. »Sold> elsewhere’ for $12.» Have 
also double action, nickle plated, tubber. handle 
and patent ejector for Only. $1.98. ‘Sold: else- 
where for $5, F. E. HOLTER, Box 972, 
lin, Qhio. 


op Ae 


WE WILL give speuiniens: ‘of ‘Any kind; adyer-\ 


tising space in the OoLoeiSt; and for extra good 
offers anything we offer for sale or possibly 
CASH for tirst-class Indian Relics. or ior new or 
2d hand books on Natural History, in good condi- 
tion, ornitholog7 or oology preferred—a set of 
the “Natural History of New York” and copies of 
‘““Coues’ Key” especially desired. F. H. LATTIN 
- & CO Albion, N. Y. 


LAND and Fresh Water shells from this local- 
ity, for others. or for 1st class single eggs. (with 
data) not found in Ontario. WM.H. MYLES, 53 
Arkledun Ave., Hamilton, Ont. 


$100 Safety in good condition for shot-gun or 
rifle (either whole or part payment) Send for 
particulars. GUY ARMITAGH, 779 Hubbard 8t., 
Milwaukee, Wis. 


ANYONE sending me 5 U. S_ copper cents, 
prior to 1845 in fine condition. Willreceive by re- 
turn mail a fine large spec. of Petrifled Moss. A. 
B, ROBER'S, Weymouth, Medina Co., Ohio. 


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134 


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THE OOLOGIST. 135 


A. Literal Interpretation of Prophecy: 
Or, WHAT THE BIBLE TELLS 
US ABOUT 


The Location of HEAYEN and HELL. 


And CHRIST'S FIRST COMING as a Lamb that 
has been slain for the remission of sin. 

Hi8 SECOND COMING to be a king and the 
prince of peace, to confine Satan a thousand years 
and then loose him trom his prison for a season 
to deceive the nations of the earth. 

4nd CHRIST’S THIRD Cu MING to be the Lion 
of the tribe of Judah, fo raise the dead, and 
change this world and the sir around it to what 
He calls a New Heaven and a New Earth. 


Itisal2mo book, 201 pages, 
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iole 15c, 4 Bullock’s Oriole 2zc. 5 Baltimore Oriole 
l7c. 4 Arkansas Kingbird 15¢, 3 Cal. Towhee 6c, 
A Black-headed Grosbeak 30c, 2 Nigkt Hawk 4é6c, 
.4 House Finch 13¢e. 4 Arkansas Goldfinch 23¢. 6 
Parkman’s Wren, 4lc. 4 Sennett Thrasher 30c. 

A)l prices are for the full set, 

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EOREIGN Tear 


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fs ie He me Ai ec. 

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Inianw 


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inus vir 


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0 of Eob 


A Crou 


‘ 


tien, 


Xposi 


im 


ibited by F. H. Latt 


As exh 


THE QOLOGIST. - 


WOR. AT. NO. 4. ALBION, 


Maryland Birds that Interest the Sportsman. 


Colinus virginianus, Bob-white, Part- 
tridge, Quail. The Partridge is the 
most well known game bird in the 
United States. It is resident with us, 
but_if food or shelter is wanting during 
the winter, it will travel some distance 
from its summer haunts. 

They always roost upon the ground, 
often in the middle of a field, at other 
times within the shelter of a thicket or 
in the woods they arrange themselves 
in a eirele, and if disturbed scatter in 
all directions. 

Their principal food consists of seeds, 
berries and various kinds of grain. In 
the winter when these are covered by 
the snow they frequently go into barn 
yards and eat with the domestic fowls. 
During the severe weather in January, 
1893, large numbers of Partridges per- 
ished. Their food was covered by the 
deep snow and they became so emaciat- 
ed and weak that they were unable to 
stand the cold, which under ordinary 
circumstances when able to obtain a 
~ sufficient supply of food, they could 
easily have done. In Somerset County 
I heard of three covies found dead in 
one field, huddled together and frozen. 

In the migrations of the Bob-white 
they often come to a river and fly 
across, but like the Turkey they are 
sometimes unable to reach the opposite 
shore. A case like this occurred near 
our city some time ago. Two gentle- 
men were fishing in the river when a 
eovey attempted to fly across, but their 
strength gave out and they dropped 
into the water near their boat. The 
birds were unable to rise, and the 
whole lot, fourteen’ in all, were cap- 
itured. 

In September, 1892, early in the 
morning, a covey of nineteen Bob- 


. Y., APRIL, 1894. 


WHOLE No. 102 


whites and one Ruffed Grouse was 
seen on the lawn of a house situated 
next to mine. This was in the city, but 
the house was in a yard of about two 
acres, and had quite a large grass-plot 
with trees and bushes. 

artramia longicauda, Bartramian 
Sandpiper,Field Plover, Upland Plover, 
Grass Plover, ete. This is a bird ot the 
pasture fields and is seldom found 
where the grass is so tall that it cannot 
see for some distance around. They 
are generally very wild, and the plan 
of hunting them from a wagon is some- 
times successfully tried, as they allow 
a horse and wagon to come much close- 
er than a walking man. 

In our lower counties in July and 
August they congregate in the large 
fields in immense numbers, often to 
the extent of several hundred. At this 
time they feed on grasshoppers and get 
very fat. I have frequently shot them 
and on:picking them up found the 
breast burst open from striking the 
ground. 

Numenius longirostris, Long-billed 
Curlew; Sickle-billed Curlew. Migra- 
tory; rare. A few seenin the winter. 

Numenius hudsonius, Hudsonian Cur- 
lew, Short-billed Curlew, Jack Curlew. 
The most abundant of our Curlews. 
They are usually very wild and it is 
difficult to secure them, although they 
often come to the decoys. 

Numenius borealis, Eskimo Curlew. 
Capt. C. H. Crumb writes me that it 
is a rare fall visitant at Cobb’s Island. 
It should be found on our coast at the 
same time, but I have no record of it. 

Charadrius squatarola, Black-bellied 
Plover. Black-breast Plover, Beetle- 
head Plover, Bull-head Plover, Ox-eye, 
ete. This bird, which is subject to a 
variety of plumage from young to adult, 
as well as a variety of names, is an 


138 THE OOLOGIST. 


abundant migrant in the spring and 
fall. It decoys well, and when flying 
with other birds it generally leads the 
fiocks, for which treason it is often called 
Pilot. 

Charadrius dominicus, American 
Golden Plover. This Plover is cer- 
tainly found in our salt marshes, dur- 
ing its migration, still I have no record 
of its occurrence. 

Aj gialilis vocifera, Kilideer. Resident 
except during very severe weather. 
Found at times in the marshes, but 
generally in wet pasture fields and 
meadows. 

Arenaris interpres, Turnstone. Mi- 
gratory; common in the marshes and 
along the sea shore, where large num- 
bers are killed over the decoys while 
after better game. Commonly called 
‘Calico-backs.” 

Bonasa unibellis, 
Pheasant. 


Ruffed Grouse, 
This, the Partridge of the 
northern and eastern states, and com- 
monly called Pheasant with us, is a 
resident in the state. It is generally 
found in rough hilly country, among 
pines and laurel (Kalmia latifolia). At 
times, but not often, they have been 
found a long distance from their usual 
haunts. In ‘‘American Partridge and 
Pheasant Shooting,” Frank Schley says: 
‘| have come across single Pheasants 
in the open fields, among covies of 
Partridges, at least four miles distant 
from any woods or thickets.”’ 

They are very swift of flight, and 
when flushed fly off in a straight line, 
generally for about one hundred yards, 
then taking a shoyt turn to either the 
right or the left they alight. 

A peculiar habit of the Ruffed Grouse 
is its drumming. This is mostly done 
about the mating season, although I 
have heard it in November. In trying 
to locate the bird by this sound, it is 
found to be very difficult to do so. 

Often in winter when the berries 
which form their principal food have 
disappeared, they eat the buds and 


leaves of the laurel, wich is said to- 
poison their flesh and render it unfit. 
for the table, indeed it is said that 
death has resulted from eating them 
under these conditions. 

Tympanuchus americanus, Prairie 
Hen, Pinnated Grouse. The Prairie 
Hen once ranged all through the east- 
ern part of the United States, but was 
extirpated many years ago. 

Some years since about a dozen birds. 
were brought from the west to this 
state, and liberated in Kent county. 
One or two were seen shortly after, but 
what finally became of them I do not 
know. 

Meleagris gallopavo, Wild Turkey. 
This the largest and most noble of our 
game birds, is still found in abundance 
in some parts of the state; being migra- 
tory in a degree according to the sup- 
ply of food. When on these journeys 
if they come to a river, they will either 
mount to the tops of the trees, or a 
bank, before taking their flight across. 

Iam told they have frequently been 
seen flying across the Potomac River 
near Weverton, aud on several oeeas- 
ions have been seen to drop into the 
swift water, being unable to reach the 
Virginia shore. During the fall of 1893, 
a tlock of ten or twelve Tirkeys ranged 
the side of the mountain between Wey- 
erton and Kuoxville, Frederick county. 

The Turkey has many enemies, one 
of the worst being the Great Horned 
Owl (Bubo virginianus). 

Mr.D.G. Elliott gives the following as 
the manner in which this Owl isevaded. 
He says: ‘“‘As soon as the warning 
eluck of some watchful Turkey has 
placed the whole number on their 
guard, they immediately stand upright 
upon the limb and observe every move- 
ment of their foe, who soon selecting 
one 6f them for his prey, swoops upon 
it with the velocity’of an arrow, and it 
would seem that the fate of that one 
was inevitable; but as rapid as was the’ 
Owl’s movement, still quicker is that of 


( 


THE OOLOGIST. 


his intended victim; for, lowering his 
head and inverting his outspread tail 
upon his back, he meets his enemy with 
this inclined plane, over which he glides 
harmlessly, and the Turkey drops to 
the ground and insures his safety by 
running away.” 

As a rale the male Turkey weighs 
about eighteen pounds, but often this 
weight is greatly exceeded In Decem- 
ber, 1892, one weighing thirty-two 
pounds, killed in Garrett county, was 
exhibited in this city. 

Ectopistes migratorius, Passenger Pig- 
eon. The Wild Pigeon was a common 
migrant with us until about fifteen or 
twenty years ago; being generally seen 
in large flocks during September and 
October. 

A favorite place to stand and shoot 
them was on Bare Hills, as in their 
flight they would pass over there nearly 
every morning between six and eight 
oecloeck. This last fall (1893) they have 
been more abundant than for many 
years. I having received notice of 
three large flocks being seen; the larg- 
est containing about sixty birds, the 
smallest about twenty.. Single birds 
frequently fly with flocks of Doves. 

They are very fond of pin oak acorns 

‘and in feeding on the ground they keep 
up a continual forward movement, the 
rear birds flying ahead of the others. 
Years ago in Howard county large num- 
bers were killed at night while roosting” 
and their bodies fed to the hogs. Thus 
disappeared one of the noblest birds of 
North America. 

Zenaidura macroura, Mourning Dove. 
Common; resident in some parts of the 
state. In the fall of the year when they 
flock in the stubble and thistle fields, 
they afford a great deal of sport to the 
gunner. They fly very swiftly, but as 
their flightis regular they make an easy 
target. 

I have frequently had my dog to 
“point” them the same as a Partridge. 

Dolichonyx oryzivorus, Bobolink. The 


139 


Reedbird as it is called wlth us, is an 
abundant spring and fall migrant. 
When they make their appearance in 
the fall, generally about the middle of 
August, they are found in the pasture 
fields feeding on the seed of the foxtail, 
and other grasses. About the second 


week of September they are abundant 


in the fresh water marshes of our rivers 
and are then very fat. Large numbers 
are killed as they fly across the ‘‘guts” 
from one marsh to another. 

Our best marshes in whieh to hunt 
them are in the neighborhood of Marl- 
boro and Nottingham, where many are 
killed, as well as Sora. When in good 
condition they sell readily for from 
seventy-five cents to one dollar per 
dozen. 

Oolurnix vulgaris, Messina Quail. 
In the fall of 1880, several hundred of 
these exotics were imported from Italy, 
and Jiberated in various parts of Balti- 
more county. Two hundred were 
turned loose eight miles from this city, 
and soon after hunted with dogs, and 
although the dogs showed sigus of being 
on game, the birds could not be flushed. 

In 1881 a nest was found containing 
about a dozen eggs, all of which 
hatched but four. 

Wm. H. FIsHEr, 
Baltimore, Md, 
ee 


Hints About Data and Field Bake 


Had Ia thousand tongues, I would 
use them all, until tired, in clamoring 
for wniformity of data. 

If one keeps his data aS some do their 
egas—a few in a bureau drawer, half a 
dozen tilted into the egg-trays, and a 
few odd lots pigeon-holed in all sorts of 
out-of-the-way places, it will matter lit- 
tle to him what may be the size, tex- 
ture, make-up and neatness of the data 
that accompany the sets in his collec- 
tion. But if like myself he desires to 
keep several hundred data neatly filed, 
in a single letter case and so alphabeti- 


(140 


eally arranged as that he can refer in- 
stantly to any data in the lot, it will 
matter much to him that he have them 
-as nearly uniform in size as may be. 

Now, in my fat file of datas are long 
narrow ones; tall narrow ones; big 
square ones; and little oblong ones, and 
all sizes from the 6x8 inch wholly hand 
written, delightfully neat, and scien- 

-tifically minute and circumstantial datas 
of the late lamented Harry K. Jamison 
—to the 3x14 inch scraps affected by 
collectors of the ‘‘Hole-in-a-tree, high 
up” sort. (These petty squibs have the 
nest diuta,—what there is of it,—on the 
back, which impertinence, of all the 
impertinences that make one growl, are 
most provocative of growling.) 

Some datas are of the flimsiest paper 
and some on linen paper. neat and dur- 
able. On some the printer’s ink seems 
to have become frightened at the paper 
and ran about everywhere save where 
it owght, while others clear of type and 
clean of ink bear no such impression of 
cheap stock, slop work and of the at- 
mosphere and personality of the (print- 
er’s) devil. 

Could I have my choice I would have 
in uniform use, a clear white ‘‘flat”’ 
linen or strong cotton data, printed 
with eleareut type on paper of medium 
thickness, of an average size of about, 
or exactly 54x3} inches. The inscrip- 
tion, ‘‘Private (or Oological) Collection of 
thus and so” should, if it occurs, be set 
modestly in small type, leaving the 
bulk of the space on the data at the bot- 
tom for the description, which is often, 
alas! far too meager to satisfy either 
curiosity or scientific desire. Such 
space can hardly be too large, consist- 
ently with the size of the data, for, as 

“many can bear witness, the data pre- 
pared by odlogists with whom it is a 
delight to deal, begin at the top space 
reserved for the discription—run, finely 
written, down to the bottom and still 
farther down along the lower data mar- 
gin and then, likely as not, run over to 


THE OOLOGIST. 


the back side ending in a sketch of the 
nest sit/ws and the locality. Such were 
the datas made out by the genial! Dr. 
Cooke of —Oregon(when will he ever 
leave bone setting for a bit to collect 
eggs again?) data, accompanied, of 
ecurse, by eggs daintily prepared. This 
sort of back-door illustration, and this 
minuteness of description carry with 
them the charm of the enthusiast, the 
truly scientific collector, who always 
gives us more than we had bargained 
for, besides inoculating us, infecting us 
with his glorious spirit. So then, we 
all beg of you, don’t buy or use any- 
thing but the largest medium sized ob- 
long datas, neatly printed on good 
strong paper. 

“Where may such be had?” Ask 
Lattin, or any other ‘“‘standard” dealer. 
Tell him what you want, and you'll get 
it. There never yet was a wide-awake 
dealer so foolish as to keep in stock 
that for which he had no eall, nor so 
disobliging as not to provide whatever 
his patrons might demand. Let ws have 
a standard data blank. 

A timid don’t if you please: Don’t 
fold data in mailing, but if, like myself, 
you have been so foolish as to buy a 
quantity of square datas which mest be 
folded use them up or burn them quick- 
ly and then demand the standard, and 
take no other. 

Of course, being a live collector you 
carefully record the particulars of every 
set of eggs youtake. Do you then de- 
sire for that purpose, a set of books 
that are just what one wants for such 
a use and that can be as readily and 
as snugly filed away year by year as 
the datas about which we have been 
reading? IJ have used such a book for 
three years. It is a peculiarly tall, nar- 
row bank-book, interleaved with blot- 
ting paper, which presents the high ad- 
vantage of enabling one to make en- 
tries in ink without necessity for the 
tiresome aud time taking use of a _blot- 
ter. (Of course, while in the jield you 


THE OOLOGIST. 


carry arough ‘‘pass-book,’’ or some 
such article, in which are pencilled your 
short-hand or hieroglyphic notes, but 
this book is for the full, careful and per- 
manent record.) 

Ihave written the makers of this 
bank book, asking them to give Lattin 
& Co. prices in quantities for the book, 
furnished without the bank printing, or 
with any such indicative or time-saving 
marks or abbreviations as somebody’s 
wisdom or ingenuity may suggest. 
And Jam very sure that the publishers 
of this paper will furnish these books 
to their patrons at such prices as will 
make it a disgrace to every collector, 
that is an odlogist, for life, if he fail to 
use them. P. B. PEABODY, 

Owatonna, Minn. 


A Collecting Trip in Northern Iowa. 


Saturday, May 13, 18938, was to me 
the date of a “Red Letter Collecting 
Trip” if [may borrow: the expression. 
About 6 a. m. I started with a friend 
for Lake Edwards, which is a small 
lake about six miles southwest of Forest 
City in Hancock county. As we were 
crossing the prairie about 7 o’clock we 
‘heard the rumbling ‘‘boom, boom” of 
some prairie chickens coming from over 
a hill, and on ascending it, saw quite 
a flock of them on a level place on the 
short prairie grass, with one in the. 
middle strutting about with head 
raised, tail spread and wings drooping. 

There may have been moresthan one 
of them drumming, but they took alarm 
and flew away so quickly that I had 
very little time to notice. 

Saw a few Ducks in the sloughs, 
numbers of Bartramian Sandpipers on 
the prairies and fields and many Sora 
Rails. The Soras seemed so very tame 
that they could hardly be made to fly 
by wadiag after them as they ran along 
trying to hide in the thin grass; with 
their short, stubby tails bobbing when 
they walked, and standing straight up 
when they were standing still. 


S 141. 

Shot a female Wilson’s Phalarope, 
from a bunch of four or five ‘in the 
water in a small slough. When I came 
to dissect it I found it contained :n egg 
about the same color as a Blue Jay’s 
egg, but pater, larger and more point- 
ed. It would probably have been laid 
that day had I not shot the bird in the 
morning. 

We stopped for a while at a small 
pond east of Lake Edwards, and hunt- 
ed around for Ducks’ nests, but found 
none. 

My friend, who had lived in this. 
vicinity and hunted considerably, 
though not a ‘‘collector,”’ said that ten 
years ago he sometimes had gone out 
with a pail and gathered in Ducks’ 
eggs toeat, around this pond, but of 
late years they were scarce. 

We soon came around to a slough 
running out north from'Lake Edwards, 
bordered by a grove of small trees, 
mostly oaks. Examined three nests. 
that looked like Crows’, all in oaks and 
not over twenty-five feet from the 
ground. One contained six of young 
Crows and another fragments of ege- 
shells. They were much more sub- 
stantially built than any Hawk’s nest 
I have seen, being smaller, deeper and 
closely built of sticks, and lined with 
soft strips of bark, binding twine, hair, 
ete. 

While standing on the bank of- the: 
lake three large white gulls came fly- 
ing over, of which we managed to drop 
one which proved to bea fine female: 
Ring-billed Gull. 

Finding a boat we rowed out in the 
lake, where we saw numerous musk- 
rats, coots and hundreds? of Black 
Terns (commonly called “Slough Gull’) 
hovering around screaming and dip- 
ping their heads into the water occas- 
ionally.. On shooting one a large num- 
ber hovered over where it lay in the 
water, affording an excellent oppor- 
tunity for wing shots. 

Soon after this we left the boat and 
concluded to have a swim, as the day 


142 - 


was so warm and the water did not 
feel so very cold to the hand. One 
plunge was enough to convince me 
that it was rather too early in the sea- 
son for comfort and I lost no time in 
getting out and dressed again. ; 

After this we started to walk over the 
hills to another smail lake, not, howev- 
er, before my companion had killed three 
Blue-winged Teal at one shot, in a 
small inlet. Oa the hills west of the 
lake I took a set of three beautiful 
spotted eggs of the Marsh Hawk from 
~ nest ou the ground, s2curing the fe- 
male bird. On arriving at the lake I 
sat down to write down some notes 
and watch some small birds, while my 
companion scoured around the take, 
securing, another Teal. The Redpoll 
Warblers (Dendroica palmurum) were 
quite abundant among the low bushes 
and on the ground. 

On our return trip I shota Redpoll 
Warbler and a female Virginia Rail. 
Tt was dark when we reached home 
and though I had ‘‘that tired feeling” 
before I got alt my birds skinned that 
I felt myself amply repaid for 
being successful in securing 
sand notes, having ob- 
species: 


night, 
my trip, 
both specimen 
served the following 
Ring-billed Gulls, Black Terns, 
Cranes, Virginiaand Sora Rails, Amer- 
ican Bitterns, Wilson’s Phalaropes, 
Yellow-legs, Pectoral Sandpiper, Least 
Sandpiper, Bartramian Sandpiper, 
American Coots, Blue-winged Teal, 
Spoonbills, Pintails, Mallards, Mourning 
Doves, Canada Geése, Prairie Chickens, 
Marsh Hawks, Crows, Blue Jays, Red- 
winged Blackbirds, Meadow  Larks, 
Sw allows, Sparrows, Martins, Bronzed 
Grackles, Yellow, Myrtle and Redpoll 
Warblers, Brown ‘Thrushes, Marsh 
Wrens, Kinglets and Robins; and the 
first Bobolinks, Yellow-headed Black- 
birds, Black-throated Bunting, King- 
birds, Maryland Yellow-throat, Yellow 
Warblers and Catbirds that I have no- 
ticed this season besides several species 
that I could not positively identify. 
RupourH M. ANDERSON, 
Forest City, Towa. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


His Second Southern Tour—Continued. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH. 


x 

In our last article we were following 
our ornithological friend through the 
wilds of Kentucky and Tennessee and 
more particularly through the one hun- 
dred and eighty miles of Forest desert 
intervening between Danville and 
Nashville. 

How vastly has that beautiful. terri- 
tory changed since our traveller pushed 
his way throughits wilds! At the time 


‘of which we write there was not a sin- 


gle town or village along the whole al- 
most unbroken waste. Yet it was so 
common for Wilson to travel’ unaeccom- 
panied through uncultivated wilder- 
nesses that his out door nature had in 
fact become a part of the primeval sol- 
itudes he was accustomed to explore in 
quest of those feathered creatures he 
had adopted as his companions, friends, 
aye we may almost say as relatives, for 
in them he saw objects worthy of his 
most humane consideration. Separat- 
ed from his native land and near kin by 
three thousand miles of watery waste, 
and he himself alone in the world, do 
we wonder that he bestowed so much 
attention upon those winged denizens 
of the forest whom he chose as his only 
companions for long days and nights of 
fatiguing travel through the then un- 
broken American wilds? It is worthy 
of note that onr great pioneers in orni- 
thology have all chosen similar modes 
of life. -And yet how imperfect would 
be our knowledge of those birds fre- 
quenting wild and dangerous places, if 
a Wilsonoran Audubon had not launeh- 
ed their canoes on uubroken waters, 
pitched their tents in lonely forests, 
kindled their camp fires far from the 
habitations of man, with the roaring of 


CHE OOLOGIST. 


‘the cataract or the distant evening 
‘songs of the warbler and sparrow as 
their only society for weeks at a time. 

But kind reader I must refrain from 
further digression, and return to our 
friend as we left him at Danville, Ken- 
tucky making preparations for his im- 
mediate departure for the far south. 
Not to go into details as regaras his 
equipment, suffice is to say that at this 
day we would regard his baggage very 
insufficient for an overland journey of 
one hundred and eighty miles. The 
spring was particularly backward and 
it was only when he was far on his way 
toward Nashville that the latent life of 
vegetation began to unfold, and, with 
the return of the warm south wind most 
delightful wonders were produced in 
the woods and fields. The budding 
sassafras, the large white petals of the 
dog-wood contrasted with the deep 
green of the poplar and buckeye, gave 
to the landscape on every side a rich- 
ness of the most pleasing relief to the 
eye of Wilson. But that which engag- 
ed our travellers attention the most 
was the multitude of new and strange 
birds that were fitting and warbling 
among the branches of the verdant 
freshness overhead. Here and there at 
extender intervalsa pioneer had broken 
the wilderness,and when Wilson emerg- 
ed from the deep recesses of the solitary 
forest, the rich green of the fields, the 
the farmhouse and cabins, embosomed 
amidst orchards of glowing purple and 
white, all lent to the scenery a strange 
charm of the sweetest relief to the 
senses of our traveller Near the foot 
of a high mountain, called Mulder’s hill 
he overtook one of those family cara- 
vans so common in that country, moy- 
‘ing westward to some agreeable spot 
where they would halt and hew a home 
-out of the stubborn wilderness. He 
was informed that the caravan was from 
Washington Country, Kentucky, and 
was going as far as the Cumberland riv- 
erin Tennessee. ‘The singular ap- 


148 
pearance of this moving group, the 
mingled music of the bells, and the 


shouting of the drivers, mixed with the 
echoes of the mountains, joined to the 
picturesque solitude of the place, and 
that the various reflections that hurried 
through my mind, interested me greatly, 
and 1 kept company with them for some 
time.’ The 25th of April he spent the 
night at the house of Isaac Walton, 
thirteen miles from Nashville. After 
breakfasting at an early hour, Wilson 
was preparing to start when the hospi- 
table landlord refused to take any pay, 
and replied, ‘‘you seem to be travelling 
for the good of the world, and I cannot 
—I will not charge you any thing. 
Whenever you come this way, call and 
stay with me, you shall be welcome.” 
Wilson remarks that this was the first 
instance of such hospitality he ever met 
with in his travels in the United States. 

The spring was now well advanced 
in that climate and the multitude of un- 
known birds everywhere passing north- 
ward, was a constant source of interest 
and delight to our traveller. His gun 
and pencil were actively engaged and 
wany drawings were forwarded to Mr. 
Lawson, his engraver, but which unfor- 
tunately never reached him. Wilson 
had the good fortune to pass through 
au extensive pigeon roost, or breeding 
place, about tifty miles from Danville. 
He estimates it to have extended three 
miles in width, and more than forty in 
length.: The trees were principally 
beech, and loaded with nests, and he 
says, that in different places he counted 
more than ninty nests on a single tree. 

From Nashville his next point was 
Natchez, Miss., a distance of four hun- 
dred and eighty miles. the whole waste 
being through the vast wilderness in- 
habited only by Chicksaw and Chock- 
taw Indians. Thislong journey through 
a savage country was the most fatigu- 
ing ever undertaken by our ornitholo- 
gist, and added to the usual hardships 
of out door life he was frequently at- 


144 


tacked with dysentery and fever, and 
at times became so ill that it was 
difficult for him to proceed. The rem- 
edy he used was simple, being a close 
diet for a week on raw eggs and straw- 
berries which were then in perfection. 
He also experienced the very uncom- 
fortable sensation of being in a tornado 
when the limbs of trees were whirling 
past him in very volleys. He himself 
adds that he would prefer to stand in 
the hottest field of battle than encount- 
er another such tornado. All these 


dangerous experiences go to show how, 


dearly the nine volumes of Wilson’s 
American Ornithology were pu. chased. 

May 4th he set out on horseback from 
Nashyille with a pistol in each pocket 
anda fowling piece belted across his 
shoulder, and at once plunged into the 
uncultivated wilds of Tennessee and 
Mississippi. From his carefully pre- 
pared journal we learn that the first 
night he slept in a Chicksaw Indian hut, 
the Indians spread a deer skin on the 
floor for him, and with his portmanteau 
as a pillow he declares that he slept tol- 
lerably well. The following morning 
he was early in the saddle and rode fif- 
teen miles, stopping at an Indian hut to 
feed his horse. Wilson carried with 
him a paroquet,and this little feathered 
being proved to be a continual fund of 
amusement to all ages of these Indians. 
While his horse was feeding he exhibit- 
ed his feathered companion to the 
whole family as they crowded around 
him, and as they did so it gave him 
an opportunity of ‘‘studying their 
physiognomies without breach of good 
manners.” He describes the natives 
as being scantily clothed, and with just 
enough of civilization to make them 
‘lazy and anxious for whisky. 

The country was covered in many 
places with swamps, and through these 
Wilson pursued his way with difficulty. 
These swamps were covered with a 
prodigous growth of canes and high 
woods, which together shut out almost 


THE OOLOGIST. 


the whole light of day for miles at a 
time. He finally reached the Tennes- 
see river which was swollen by the 
spring rains, thus making it about a 

-mile across at that point. The low 
bottoms bordering the banks were coy- 
ered with huge canes, twenty or thirty 
feet high, and he declares that these 
cane swamps are the gloomiest and 
most desolate looking places imagina- 
ble. Not being able to cross the swol- 
len river he encamped for the night, 
‘iindled a large fire, munched a bit of 
supper, and laid down to sleep: listen- 
ing to the owls and chuck-wills-widow, 
a kind of whip-poor-will that is numer- 
ous here. I got up several times during 
the night to recruit my fire, and see 
how my horse did; and but for the 
gnats, would have slept tolerably well.” 
Arising early in the morning he shoul- 
dered his fowling piece and scoured the 
woods for game till sixo’clock. At 
eleven o’clock he was able to haila boat 
and eross the river, much vexed at the- 
long delay. 

The country now assumed a new ap- 
pearance; the woods were entirely free- 
from fallen timber and underbrush. 
He says he could see a mile through the - 
woods, which were covered with high 
grass fit for mowing. Every spring 
fire ranges through these woods and 
they are thus kept so remarkably clean 
that they look most like elegant noble- 
men’s parks. Wilson was struck with 
the number of strange and beautiful 
flowers that presented themselves as he 
rode along, and remarks that this must 
be a heavenly place for the botanist. 

The Indian boys with their blow-guns 
interested him greatly. These blow- 
guns are made of cane tubes, seven or 
eight feet long, and when well made 
are perfectly straight. The arrows are 
slender strips of the same material, cov- 
ered for several inches at one end, with 
the down of thistles, in a spiral form,so - 
as just to enter the tube. By a quick 
puff they could shoot their arrows with 


THE OOLOGIST. 


‘such violence, as to enter the body of 
a partridge twenty yards off. He en- 
listed several of these boys in his ser- 
vice but all returned from the hunt 
without success. 

I ask the indulgence ot the kind read- 
er to quote from Wilson’s journal in or- 
der to give in his own words the exper- 
ience he had with an Indian and a 
mocking-bird. “About half an hour 
before sun-set, being within sight of the 
Indians where I intended to lodge, the 
eyening being perfectly clear and calm, 
I laid the reins on my horse’s neck, to 
listen to a mocking bird, the first I had 
heard in the western country, which 
perched on the top of a dead tree be- 
fore the door, was pouring out a_tor- 
rent of melody. I think I never heard 
so excellent a performer. I had alight- 
ed, and was fastening my horse, when 
hearing the report ofa rifle immediate- 
ly beside me, I looked up and saw the 
poor mocking-bird fluttering to the 
ground. 
ed his elevation, and barbarously shot 
him. JI hastened over into theyard,and 
walking up to him, told him that was 
bad, very bad! That this poor bird had 
come from a far-distant country to sing 
to him, and that in return he had eruel- 
ly killed it. I told him, the Great Spirit 
was offended with such cruelty, and 
that he would lose many a deer for do- 
ing so. The old Indian, father-in-law 
to the bird-killer, understanding by the 
negro interpreter what I said, repeated, 
that when these birds came singing and 
making a noise all day near the house, 
somebody will surely die,—which is 
exactly what an old superstitovs Ger- 
man near tlampton, Virginia, once told 
me. The bird-killer had married the 
two oldest daughters of the old Indian, 
and presented one of them the bird he 
had killed.” 

~He found the Chickasaws to be a 
friendly inoffensive people; and the 
Choctaws, though more reserved, were 
equally harmless. Wherever he hap- 


One of the savages had mark-’* 


145. 


pened to stop while in their territory 
he was treated with civility. 

He arrived at Natchez, May 7th, hav- 
ing performed this extraordinary jour- 
ney in thirteen days. He seems to have 
enjoyed this journey, although it was 
attended with considerable expense 
and fatigue, and ever after he referred 
to it with satisfaction. While at Nat- 
chez he accepted the hospitality of Mr. 
William Dunbar, a friend of science, 
and in his company Wilson spent some 
of the most profitable and enjoyable 
moments of his life. 

On the 6th of June he reached New 
Orleans, and on the 24th set sail for 
New York,where he arrived on the 30th 
of July. He stopped a few days on the 
islands off Florida, and while there 
gathered much information of the far 
south birds. 

From New York he at once returned 
to Philadelphia, arriving there on the 
2d of August. 

He had accumulated on this journey 
a stock of new material for his work, 
including several undescribed birds. 

He had been away from home a little 
over six months, and in all that time 
his expenses amounted to only fonr 
hundred and fifty-five dollars. 


The Woodpeckers of Minnesota. 


Hairy Woodpecker, Dryobates villosus 

Permanent resident. Through the - 
winter this species retires to the pine 
and tamarack forests and is seldom 
seen. About the latter part of Feb- 
ruary they make their appearance about 
the cities, often in company with the 
Downy Woodpecker. 

Towards the latter part of May they 
retire to the woods to breed and are 
not often seen about houses. They pre- 
ferrather thick and low woods near 
water usually, for nesting. The hole 
is excavated in a dead willow, oak or 
maple tree, usually from four to thirty 
feet up, and about sixteen inches in 


146 


depth. The longest time taken by a 
pair in excavating their hole that has 
come under my notice, was 12 days. 
This was a nest 23 inches deep excay- 
ated in an oak tree. The shortest was 
four days, this in a willow stubb. 

The eggs are usually four in number, 
sometimes five, and are laid on chips at 
the bottom of the cavity. 

They measure from .90 to 1.05 in 
length anid from .60 to .75 in breadth, 
and are pure ivory white in color with 
a roseate tinge when unblown. 

Downy Woodpecker, Dryobates pwb- 
excens. 

Resident and tolerably common. This 
is amore social species than the last 
and is seen commonly about houses 
toward ’ the latter part of March. 

The nests of this species ave begun 
about May 15th and fresh sets may be 
secured from then to June 10th. 

“he holes take from two to ten days 
in excavating and are from eight to 


fifteen inches deep and about two in- 


ches in diameter at the opening. 

The holes are usually made in oak or 
willow stubs. They breed abundantly 
up the Minnesota River in the dead wil- 
lows along the banks. Eggs usually 
five sometimes four and ravely six or 
seven. Pinkish 


white 
but fade to a dull white when blown. 
They measure from .70 to .85 in 
length and .60 to .65 in breadth. 

Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, Sphyrapt- 
CUS VATVUS. 

Fairly common summer resident, ar- 
riving the first week in April, and from 
then until the first or second week in 
May they may be commonly seen about 
the maple trees in the cities, which are 
punctured by them for the sap and 


when unblown, 


more commonly for the larve and 
insects which lie under the bark. 
Towards the second week in May 


they retire to the thick woods to breed, 
where they excavate their holes in dead 
trees, usually about twenty feet from 
the ground but occasionally much 
higher. 


THE OOLOGIST. ~ : 


The eggs are laid by the first week in 
June, and are usually four in number, 
very rarely five. White like all other 
Woodpecker’s eggs, with roseate dinge 
when unblown. Two sets measure as 
follows: .80x.60, .82x.59, .82x.62, .79x 
.60 and .90x 67, .88x.65, .88x.65, .87x.60. 

Pileated Woodpecker, Ceophlocus pil- 
eats. 

Rare. This bird is rarely seen in this 
locality (St. Paul), but, is common 
farther north. 

One nest was found last June in Dak- 
ota county, which contained three eggs, 


well incubated. Average measure- 
ment 1.350x.93. ; 

Red-headed Woodpecker, ne 
erythrocephulus. 

Common summer resident. Arrives 


about the first of April. The birds pre- 
fer to nest in the vicinity of houses and 
do not resort to the woods unless mol- 
ested. These birds nest almost any- 


_where making their holes in fence posts, 


deserted houses and even chimneys. 
The eggs are four to six in number 
and measure on an average 1 00x80. 
This species will continue to lay like 
the Flicker, provided a nest eg@ is left. 
They leave early in October. 
Flicker, Yellow Hammez 
tes hin 
Abundant summer resident, arriving 
early in April and leaving late in Oc- 
tober. 
These } 


*, etc., Colap- 


yirds are very sociable but also 


suspicious, and prefer to nest near 
houses, but are not always permitted 


to do so as they are often killed because 
they bore into houses, commonly to get 
out of reach of small boys. 

They are well known to lay a large 
number of eggs when repeatedly robbed. 
When not disturbed the average set 
consists of seven eggs, often six and 
sometimes eight or nine. Average 
measurements 1.10x.90s. 

WALTON MITCHELL, 
St. Paul, Minn. 


THE OOLOGIST. 147 


The American Crow. 


For some two years now, the Ornith- 
ologist’s Association has been making a 
special study of the Crow. Of course, 
the great question is as to its utility, or 
its destructiveness. That it does much 
mischief no one doubts, but on the 
other hand, is there a possible balance 
in its favor. In order to determine 
this question, the Crows must be close- 
ly watched throughout the year, mauy 
must be killed and the contents of their 
stomachs examined. Before we decide 
on the protection or destruction of any 
class of birds, there should: be a wide 
range of inductive study, and a very 
cautious deduction. Some of our mem- 
bers, particularly Mr. Harry K. Man- 
nakee, to whose careful observation 
over many years the substance of this 
article must be attributed, have given 
much attention to the study of the Crow. 

In respect to the destructive propen- 
sities of the species the most noted 
item is in the corn field. When the 
corn first comes up in the Spring, the 
Crow will start his line of march on a 
row and take out each hill as he goes 
along, probing his bill straight down by 
the tender blade and digging up’ the 
soit kernel at the root, thus leaving the 
blade to whither on the surface. As 
this mischief occurs during the feather- 
ing of the young, they. are fed on the 
softened grain. Keeping up a great 
racket as the parent bird brings the 
food. Asthe species is not gregarious 
at this time of year, but is widely dis- 
tributed over the vast corn fields in the 
vicinity of forests, the depredation is 
widely extended and not striking 
enough to be closely observed. 

The next period of mischief is when 
the corn is yet tender in the ear. Then 
the birds light on the ear, pull open the 
outer end and the upper side and take 
off a large portion of grain, leaving the 
remainder exposed to the weather, and 
thus ruining the whole ear. Mr. Man- 


nakee is sure that he has seen not less 
than a thousand at once engaged in 
thus damaging the corn fields of Mary- 
land. After the corn is cut the Crows 
continue in the fields, lighting on the 
shocks and opening the ears as_ betore. 
Less damage is done at this time, how- 
ever, as the corn is less exposed. 

When the wheat is shocked the Crow 
shares the harvest, sometimes alighting 
on shocks in such numbers as to utterly 
blacken them. At such times Mr. M. 
has taken as many as seven at one shot. 

Next in importance is the destruction 
of the young and the eggs of the smaller 
birds. Itis safe to say that this is a 
favorite item in the Crow’s bill of fare. 
It has a sharp eye, is ever on the alert, 
and none of the small birds nests, 
whether in trees or on the ground, are 
exempt, unless it be the Woodpeckers 
and such other birds as nest in close 
cavities. As the small birds are espec- 
ially insectiverous, the damage is great. 
Just here it may be proper to say that 
only those who make a study of bird’s 
nests, can form any conception of the 
number of them which are destroyed in 
various ways, probably not less than 
one-halt. 

Few people in the North, where the 
farms are comparatively small and for 
the most part cleared and under culti- 
vation, can form any conception of the 
mischief done by the Crows to hen’s 
nests in the South, where the immense 
tracts of pine woods become alike a 
rendezvous and a breeding place. A 
great deal of poultry also is kept in 
these parts, and the flocks wander more 
extensively than they would be allowed 
to do in more highly cultivated districts. 
Hence the Crow has a continual feast 
on fresh eggs and young chickens. He 
knows where the out-lying hen’s nests 
are, perches in the neighborhood and 
waits for hours for biddy to be -deliy- 
ered of her egg. When she leaves the 
nest Mr. Crow loses no time in antici- 
pating the owner of the premises. 


148 


Sticking his bill into the shell he may 
be seen flying with it across the field, 
piles of the shells may be found under 
their nests. Nests carefully hid away and 
so escaping the eye of the good house 
dame, are not infrequently found by 
watching the black thief. The turkey’s 
nest, carefully bushed in some remote 
pasture, can be detectedin like manner. 
Not only are young chickens carried 
away as delicate morsels, to be de- 
youred along with eggs, by the young 
in the nest, but the Crow will alight on 
the back of alarge hen, peck out her 
brain, strip off the skin and devour the 
inside—entrails, etc. If driven away 
he will return to his repast, and finally 
consume the whole. 

The terrapin or box-turtle, strictly a 
dry-land reptile and very common in 
the state of Maryland and southward, 
is a very useful insectiverous feeder. 
This delicate piece of flesh the Crow 
has learned to appreciate, and pecking 
a hole in the back, cleans out the shell, 
leaving not even the blood nor liga- 
ments fastening the body to the neatly 
closed house. 

An item of mischief not commonly 
known, is the feeding of this species on 
the berries of poisonous vines and 
shrubs in winter,—the poison ivy and 
poison sumac for instance, thus dissem- 
inating these noxious growths along the 
fences and about the swamps and pas- 
tures. This has been well brought out 
by the Agricultural Department in its 
late reports. 

It is now time to inquire as to the 
good to be set down to the Crow's 
credit, over against all the above cate- 
gory of evil-doing. 

Beyond question the Crow is some- 
what insectiverous. Visiting the newly 
mown fields, while the hay is yet dry- 
ing, they will give chase to the myriads 
of grasshoppers abroad at such times, 
and literally fill themselves. They also 
hunt the ground where hay and straw- 
stacks have been removed, and where 


THE OOLOGIST. 


the muck worm (Lachnosloma fusea) 
eventuating in the well known June: 
bug, and very destructive to the roots. 
of certain garden and fruit products, is 
abundant. These they capture with 
great relish, also following the plow 
which turns these grubs up in rich, 
ground. A certain proportion of bee- 
tles are also found in his stomach. 

Those who examine the Crows in 
winter, cannot fail to be impressed with. 
their scanty bill of fare. One finds cer- 
tain poisonous seeds, as above noted, a. 
few seeds of the, wild grape, refuse of, 
street droppings, and frequently noth-. 
ing atall. One is led to feel that the 
winter is mainly a long fast, in which 
the Crows which gyrate about the 
fields and the ‘ pines, must draw upon 
the flesh stored during the more pro-. 
pitious part of the year. 

We must not omit to give the Crow 
his due as a carrion feeder, thus help-. 
ing out the Turkey Buzzard in the 
more southerly regions of our country. 

Careful students will discover that it 
is very difficult to make out a case in 
our big blackbird’s favor. While we- 
would not annihilate them, there can 
be little doubt that we have very many 
more of his kind than we need. 

J. A. LANGILLE. 


A Disastrous Season on Pelican Ieland. 


It was with great pleasure that I read 
Dr. Gibb’s excellent article regarding: 
the Brown Pelican in Florida, and else- 
where, with a description of a visit to 
Pelican Island on indian River in the 
March issue of OoLogist. I was so 
much interested in the,subject in ques- 
tion that I cannot-resist the temptation 
of sending you a few notes on my visit 
to the Island where I found things in a 
peculiarly unsatisfactory state, to my- 
self at least, for I had expected a fine 
opportunity of studying their nesting: 
habits, and I think that, may rightly 
say that the birds themselves fully ap- 


THE OOLOGIST. 149 


preciated the situation, for several lo- 
‘cal sailors informed me that the Peli- 
cans had been very uneasy in their ac- 
tions for a week or more previous to 
my visit. 

It seems to me tnat readers of the O6n- 
-OGIST would derive much more benefit 
from an able article regarding any spe- 
‘cies if other observers in various local- 
ities would add such points of peculiar 
interest, in regard to the same species 
as they may have observed, for publica- 
tion ina near issue. In this way we 
would havea condensed and compre- 
hensive study of the rarer and more is- 
olated species, which most of us are 
not able to study for ourselves, while 
our attention is still attracted to them 
by the first article in a late issue. 
‘Therefore I trust that Dr. Gibbs will 
pardon this seeming trespass upon his 
subject. I hope we may very soon see 
the further notes on the same subject, 
which he promised to furnish us ‘if re- 
quested.” 

In February 1885 our party of four 
‘from Michigan, left Titusville in the 
cruising yacht, the ‘‘Orient’’ and pro- 
ceeded south on Indian River for sev- 
eral days until we neared the locality 
inhabited by the Pelicans. It was a 
several hours run out to the Island, 
and as the yacht approached from the 
west, the birds on that side of the Is- 
land became very uneasy and many 
took flight, but as we neared shore in 
our small boat, all on that side of the 
Island rose. But we will proceed to 
observe the very different cireum- 
stances from those noted by Dr. Gibbs. 
The water had risen several feet higher 
than had been known for many years,a 
short time before, and the nests on the 
ground had been floated away and the 
great White eggs, wagon-loads of them, 
were strewn promiscuously over the en- 
tire south half of the Island, in some 
places being left in wind-rows, as it 
were, by the receding water. All were 
spoiled. -Oh! how the collector might 


wish them in sets and distributed among 
the cabinets of the land where they 
would be of some use. We see, then, 
that at least for once the collector is 
not the worst enemy of their} nests on 
Indian River. The only occupied nests, 
which at this time contained young, 
were in the stunted Mangroves at the 
North end of the Island 

These )oung were truly loathsome in 
their appearance, as awkard as squabs 
hissing and tumbling about on the 
rude platforms of sticks and weeds,and 
surrounded with dung and fishes in va- 
rious stages of decomposition, from 
which a fearful stench arose. Most of 
the adults were rather shy but those 
having young perched upon the dead 
Mangrove stubs and allowed an ap- 
proach, at times, to within thirty feet 
or even less. 

As we left the Island we noticed a 
fine specimen of this species floating 
listlessly upon the water apparently 
sick, though still sitting erect. We ap- 
proached easily capturing it, and found 
that it had captured and stored in its 
pouch a salt-water Cat-fish weighing 
about two pounds. The fish, probably 
accidently in struggling, had thrust its 
so-called horns, on either side of the 
body, through the skin on both sides of 
the pouch.and there the poor bird was 
with the obnoxious fish -permanently 
lodged in its throat. With some diffi- 
culty he was removed, but I fear the 
bird would not recover from its weak- 
ness. Thus we see that Nature affords 
revenge at times to even her lowest 
creatures. 

At Lake Worth, another lagoon on 
the Atlantic coast, ten miles south of 
Jupiter Inlet, the southern terminus of 
Indian River, it was a very common 
sight to see thirty or forty Pelicans sit- 
ting on a sand-bar,pruning their feath- 
ers, from which company members 
would occasionally leave on a fishing ex- 
pedition near by. They would first fiy 
high above the water and upon locating 


150 


a school of fish would turn back soaring 
alony about three feet above the sur- 
face, then suddenly throwing their 
wings back, would pitch head foremost 
into the water, as does the Belted King- 
fisher, becoming entirely submerged. 
If the fish was a rather large one it 
would be brought to the surface and 
stored in the eapacious pouch while 
the bird rested on the water as would 
a duck or goose. 

I was informed that there was no 
rookery of these birds at Lake Worth, 
those found there must have come 
either from the Indian River colony, 
a great distance north, or from colonies 
which I understand inhabit various of 
the Florida Keys. In either case long 
distances must have been traversed. 

L. WHIrney WATKINS, 
Mauchester, Mich. 


>< 


Remarkable Tenacity of Life. 

The following item of odlogy may or 
‘may not be useful or interesting to 
somebody, but tome it seems worthy of 
mention. 

A pair of domestic Pigeon’s eggs, 
which it was supposed had been aban- 
doned, and which were deemed to be 
bad, were taken from the nest and one 
of the eggs was thrown upon the ground 
with considerable foree. The shell 
burst open, and there bleeding and 
struggling was the embryonic inhabi- 
tant with head in the shell, and the end 
part entirely exposed. The tirst im- 
pulse was to destroy the young pigeon, 
but upon second thought the broken 
shell was tenderly picked up, and re- 
placed together with the good egg in 
the nest. This was on the 4th of March 
1894. ‘Today, March 17th that nest con- 
tains two bouncing, and apparently en- 
tirely sound, young pigeons., This egg 
was not simply drapped—it was thrown 
with force upon the ground. 

Henry Knaus, 
Chicago, Ilinois. 


THE OOLCGIST. 


Notes From the Midwinter Fair. 


As the western readers of the OdLo- 
GIST enjoyed the interesting descrip- 
tions of the World’s Fair which appear- 
ed in its columns, [ thought perhaps a 
few words concerning our Midwinter 
Exposition might interest our eastern 
friends and I have decided to teil them 
in a general way about it. 

First,let me say we havea great Fair; 
not as Jarge as Chicago’s, but one in 
which a person can easily spend a week 
or longer according to his method of 
sight-seeing. It is a Fair which can be 
comprehended and therefore apprecia- 
ted. In less than six months from the 
time the idea of holding a Fair was de-’ 
cided upon, a hundred beautiful build- 
ings had been erected and the Fair 
opened to the throng of eager visitors. 

Probably California is the only state 
in which a ‘‘Midwinter” Fair could be 
successfully held, because of its equable 
climate. During this month, February, 
all about the grounds flowers are bloom- 
ing and tropical palms are waving in 
the balmy breeze. The Fair has been 
arranged with an eye to the picturesque, 
and this makes a walk through the 
grounds a continual pleasure. The 
Grand Court is adorned with a lofty 
electric tower and an electric fountain 
of beautiful design and finish. About 
the Grand Court are the main ouild- 
ings; the Art Palace, Administration, 
Horticultural, Manufactures and Liber- 
al Arts, and Machinery. 

All the main buildings and conees- 
sions are finished in attractive colors 
that catch the eye. Many of the con- 
cessions that appeared at Chicago have 
been reproduced here. We have no 
Midway Plaisance, but the shows which 
constituted that interesting part of the 


Fair, are seattered throughout the 
erounds. A Firth Wheel, correspond- 


ing to the Ferris Wheel, is one of the 
most striking objects on the grounds. 
But we have one concession that is 


THE OOLOGIST. 


strictly western. This is the ’49 Mining 
Camp and a most interesting exhiLit it 
is too: one representing early days. As 
we walk along one of the main streets, 
a novel sign on the side points out the 
way to the Mining Camp. A walk over 
a picturesque trail through a grove of 


pines leads us to the entrance of the - 


Camp. We pay our quarter and enter 
the main street, which is lined on both 
sides with genuine miners’ cabius, 
brought from the mountains. These 
all contain relics of the ‘‘days of old, 
the days of gold and the days of 749.” 
A familiar mule train slowly winds its 
way along the street at intervals, and is 
in turn followed by the rumbling stage. 
The cabins are too numerous to men- 
tion. One bears a sign informing us 
that ‘‘Keno” is played within. Another 
is the office of the ‘‘Pepper Box’’ which 
is supposed to disseminate the news 
amongst the inhabitants of the camp. 
Then again comes the stage office from 
whence departs the stage for such noted 
places as Bad Man’s Gulch, Red Dog, 
Yankee Jims, Shirt-tail Canon and 
other places of equally euphonious 
names. 

At the head of the main street is an 
immense painting representing Mount 
Shasta, and it is apparently a mile 
away, and is as clever an illus on as I 
have seen. 

As one approaches the grounds he is 
confronted by the massive Firth wheel, 
which towers above the surrounding 
buildings majestically. From every 
spire and turret floats.a streamer of 
brilliant hue or else the Stars and 
Stripes. Upon entering the grounds it 
is difficult to decide where we shall be- 
gin our sight-seeing. Close at hand are 
the Colorado Gold Mine, in which the 
complete process of mining is shown, 
the Mirror Maze, Dante’s Inferno, the 
most hideous portion of which is doubt- 
less the building wnich is modelled af- 
ter a dragon, for I am informed the in- 
terior is a‘‘fake;”’the Hawaiian Voleano, 


heya 


which is very instructive and realistic, 
with its lakes of Java, and numerous 
other attractions. Possibly one of the 
most interesting concessions is the 
Scenic Railroad, which everyone is 
tempted to try once at least. It is no 
uncommon sight to see a dusty granger 
occupying the front seat, his teeth set, 
as the train rushes down the steep 
gerade, his long locks floating in the 
breeze. 

In other parts of the Fair Grounds 


are the Indian and’ Arizona Villages, 


Boon’s Arena of Wild Animals, Col. 
Hatford’s Arizona Museum and a seore 
of other private concessions. It was. 
my fortune or rather misfortune to vis- 
it the Arizona Museum, which is adver- 
tised to coutain matchless collections 
of birds, and stuffed animals. There 
are hundreds of specimens that the ver- 
iest amateur would be ashamed to own. 
No pretense is made to place the birds 
in a life-like attitude, but half-stuffed 
they are nailed through the back onto 
the wall. A ‘Gila monster” was _ for- 
merly kept on the outside and the show- 
man never tired of extolling its poison- 
ous propensities, but it has since shuf- 
fled off this mortal coil, and left Col. 
Hafford to his grief. 

The private concessions are of course 
a secondary matter to the sight-seers, 
and the five main buildings afferd 
sights for many day‘s study. In the 
Fine Arts Building isa collection of rare 
works of art. many of which are from 
the brushes of western artists. The 


Mechanies Arts Building is filled with, 


mechanical contrivances, various exhi- 
bits, and an extensive display of Cali- 
fornia and Pacific ‘Coast ores. Here 
the Midwinter Fair souvenirs are coined 
before the visitor’s eyes. he Horti- 
cultural Building is filled with a most 
interesting exhibit of California pro- 
duets, while the Manufactures and Lib- 
eral Arts building contains the govern- 
ment, Wells Fargo & Co’s. as well as 
many other valuable exhibits, besides a 


152 Tal. OOLOGIST. 


vast amount of manufactured products. 

In the centre of the Grand Court are 
the Electric Fountain and Electric Tow- 
er, both of which lend dazzling bril- 
lianey to the Grand Court and the 
grounds at night. 

A number of the counties of the State 
have erected handsome buildings in 
which to display their products, and 
these are a source of great interest to 
Eastern visitors. The products exhibi- 
ted are typical of the various sections 
from which they come. Santa Clara 
County’s prune horse and rider which 
attracted so much attention at Chicago 
has been reproduced and each county 
has some piece composed of its pro- 
ducts. Visitors will do well to not ov- 
er look the County exhibits,and all who 
have a taste for our delightful hobby of 
ornithology will, as one ornithologist 
expressed it ‘“‘head straight for the Ala- 
meda Co. Building as soon as they get 
inside the gates.” In this building in 
an alcove just above the entrance, up- 
stairs, will be found the exhibit which 
was prepared by Californian Ornitholo- 
gists, a full account of which will con- 
stitute my next rambling letter. 

GOLDEN WEST 


Accidental Death of Birds. 


I notice in the OdLOGIsT an article on 
the accidental death of birds which re- 
calls to my mind an incident that oc- 
curred at Metamore, Ill. in my boyhood 
days in which five large Mallard Ducks 
lost their lives from pure accident. It 
was late in the Fall when a wire had 
been run across the street perhaps 50 or 
60 feet high on which to hang the Amer- 
ican Flag during the day. There was 
a tall flag pole on the square also on the 
top of which was a large loop of wire. 
The night was dark andthe wind blew 
fearfully during a portion of the time 
and it was during that period of year 
when the Ducks were flying plentifully. 
‘The wire was not far from my father’s 


office and when I went out in the morn- 
ing I found four dead Ducks in. the 
road not far from the wive with unmis- 
takable evidences upon their bodies as 
to the cause of their death. They had 
flown or been blown inthe darkness of 
the night against the outstretched wire 
and killed. On looking up at the pole 
I saw another dead one hanging with 
his neck and head entangled in the loop 
of wire at the top. He had evidently 
been killed in the same way. 

C. LEONARD WHIiTEMIRE, (Rush ’85) 

Waverly, Ia. 


eo 


Western New York Naturalists’ Association. 


The semi-annual meeting of the West- 
ern New York Naturalists’ Association 
was held at Rochester, Mareh 17th in 
the rooms of the Young Men’s Christ- 
ian Association. Two seessions were 
held. 

The first session was held for the 
transaction of business. E. J. Botsford 
was elected to fill the vacaney in the 
executive board caused by the resigna- 
tion of KE. B. Peck. ’ Three new mem- 
bers were voted into the association 
and designs were accepted for the offi- 
cial seal and badge of the organization. 
A petition was prepared asking the 
Legislature to offer a bounty -for the 
killing of English Sparrows. 

At the second session the exhibit of 
Indian relics made by L. V. Case, of 
birds eggs, by B. 8S. Bowdish, and of 
eggs, shells and corals by E. H. Short 
were examined and discussed. 

The Naturalists’ Association was or- 
ganized in September, 1892, and since 
that time has been steadily growing. 
The Jast meeting was well attended, 
representatives being present from all 
portions of Western New York. ‘The ~ 
Ed. of the Oé6LoGist had anticipated 
much pleasure in meeting with ‘‘the 
boys”’ but unexpected business engage- 
ments prevented. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
4 ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from ail. reo Cala : 


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We are indebted to Messrs J. Parker 
Norris and J. Parker Norris Jr., of 
Philadelphia, for a catalogue of their’ 
Oological Collection. It has twice been 
the privilege of the Editor to ‘go 
through” and ‘feast his eyes” on this 
wonderful collection and he has lone 
intended and still intends to “some. 
time” have more to say in relation to it. 
For the present, however, the following 
taken from the preface of the catalogue 
must suffice: ‘‘This collection at the 
present date—January 1, 1894—consists 
of 573 species, 5002 sets and 20,388 eggs. 
It was the desire of its owners to pro- 
cure full and complete series rather 
than to obtain new species, hence the 
large number of sets in proportion to 
the number, of species. It is especially 
strong in series of Warblers, Hawks, 
and Owls, to which particular attention 
is invited. No effort has been made to 
obtain the eggs of the Water Birds as 
it is practically impossible to secure a 
good representation of them. Ride- 
way’s Nomenclature has been retained 
as far as possible, as the collection was 
already numbered and arranged in ac- 
cordance with it long before the A. Q. 
U. Nomenclature was published.” 


154 


FEBRUARY CONTEST. 


Seventy-four Judges. 

Prize;winners and credits received by 
eah were as follows: 

1. Some Winter Bird Notes, 321 

2. George Newbold Lawrence, 193. 

3. The Spring and Summer Birds of 
‘Central Park, New York, 177 

4. A Letter from John B. Hindtime, 
140. 

5. Watching Flickers, 127. 

6. Great Horned Owl, 74. 

Many of the Judges were at loss to 
know as to whether the biographical 
sketch of Mr. Lawrence or the letter 
from John B. Hindtime were in the 
eontest or not, and asa result only 45 
gave the former article votes and only 
44 the latter, hence the number of cred- 
its received for these articles was indeed 
flattering, considering that two-filths 
of the Judges did not consider them in 
the contest and gave them no credits. 

The sketch showld nof and the letter 
should have been considered in the 
competition, but inasmuch as we failed 

to make the announcement at the time 
the articles were printed—we settled 
the question as follows: In awarding 
Mss. prizes the sketch was rejected, but 
in awarding the Judges it was allowed, 
and the prize-takers were the ones who 
voted for the first five of the articles 
mentioned. 

The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 

1. No. 51—Cyrus Crosby, Crosby,N. 
NG gh aly Bs Gy Wy 45 

2, No. 7—John Howe Slater, Web- 
tter, Mass., 1, 3, 2, 4, 9. 

3. No. 44—Raymond C.Osburn, Van- 
atta, O., 1, 3, 2, 5, 4. 

4. No. 18—Ed.Doolittle, Painesville, 
O., 1, 2, 5, 4, 3. 

5. No. 8—Fred W. Parkhurst, Bath, 
Is Way 1h By fy By 4 

The following also named the first 
five articles: 

No. 10—J. F. Parkhurst, Ills. 

No. 18—Harold Holland, Ills. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


No. 14-C. H. Dickinson. Minn. - 
No. 23—W. G Coleman, Iowa. 
No. 26—Jay G. Smith. N. Y. 

No. 17—Otto Grady, Ky 

No. 34—Erle Morton, Kans. 

No. 36—Wm. A. Achilles, Tex. 
No. 42—C. H. Finne, Ark. 

No. 45—W. D. Waltman, Colo. 
No. 47— Geo. W. Dixon. So. Dak. 
No. 57—Carleton R. Ball, Ia. 

No. 71—N. M. Moran, Calif. 


All prizes were mailed on March ist. 


MARCH CONTEST. 


One Hundred Judges. 


Prize winners and eredits received by 
each were as follows: 

1. Nesting Habits of the Brown Peli- 
ean in Florida, 469. 

2. Scenes from the Life of Alexan- 
der Wilson, 284. 

3. Evening Grosbeak, 231. 

4. Maryland Birds that Interest the 
Sportsman, 217. 

5. My Friend, Hairy, 167. 

The Judges prizes were awarded as 
follows: 

1. No.6, Robt. Me Pherson, North 
Adams, Mass., exact. 

2. No.0, Otto Grady, Ludlow, Ky., 
exact. 

3. Walton Mitchell, St. Paul, Minn., 
1, 2, 4, 8, 5. 

4. Charles Meyers, Elmore, Ohio, 1, 
2 4, 3, 5. 

5. Leighton A. Hawley, New York 
City, 1, 2: 4, 3, 5. 

The following Judges also rendered 
decisions identical to the ones winning 
prizes 3, 4 and 5, and to each we award- 
ed a copy of the Standard Catalogue. 

No. 33, Erle Morton, Kans. 

49, Tillman Bibbs, Tex. 

57, ‘‘Collector” Jackson, Minn. 
67, H. L. Heaton, Kans. 

76, F. A. Colby, Neb. 

90, Frank D. Weeks, Oregon. 
98, Harvey Hoskins, Oregon. 

Twenty-eight other Judges named 
the prize winning articles. 

All prizes were mailed on April 7th. 


THE OOLOGIST. | 155 


QUR ANNUAL “EASTER OFFER! 


We quote the following Liberal Offers, which will hold good at our HEapQuar- 
TERS, Albion, N. ¥., until May 1st and at our Western Branch, No. 3571 
Cottage Grove Ave. , Chicago, Ills, until April 25th ONLY, on eggs 
of the species mentioned. 


Orders of 50c. or over sent prepaid, under that amount 5c. must be added for postage and packing. 
For $ 1.00 you can select Eggs to the amount of $ 1. eae 


For 2.00 

For 300 4 BG ss 8:60 
For 5.00 os Ry als 11.25 
For 10.00 “ A oe 25.00 


For 25.00 or over, 10 per cent. discount from $10.00 rates 


All specimens will be carefully packed in strong tin or wooden boxes and sent at purchaser Ss risk 
by mail, our at or risk and purchaser’s expense by express. 

A SECOND- -CLASS SPECIMENS can be furnished of most of the species at one-half the price of a 
rst-class one. 

A POINTER—Collectors well know how readily they can exchange some cheap egg, not found in 
their locality with local collectors for specimens worth many times asmuch. Many wideawake col- 
lectors will doubtless lay m a large supply for this purpose. 

Make remittances in most convenient manner. Address, 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, Neo. 


OR, 3571 COTTAGE GROVE AVE., CHICAGO, ILLS. 


On May ist we close our Chicago Branch and our ’94 
«‘Raster” offer is made more in order to reduce our stock 
@ there than for any other purpose. Hence in addition to 


theabove discounts, we will include as a premium with all orders for eggs sent us AT CHICAGO, and 
received by us there ON OR BEFORE APRIL 25th —not a single day later—additional eggs to the amount 
10cts at full list prices, either of your or our seiection, for every dollar you may send us. 


AMERICAN EGGS, SINGLES. uscvctnersition or Chicago. 


Holbeell’s Grebe BOWING Give te eS SOP SnOwiyshleLOnveess ee ene ee ots) 
Horned Grebe . coe BD) |) ENDNOTE co occe | cocenccar ne sec (oe | Reddish Meret: 2225 35 
American Eared Grebe 15 | Manx Shearwater.............. 1 00 | Louisiana Heron ............... 12 
St. Domingo Grebe............ 50 | Audubon’s Shearwater...... 150 | Livtle Blue Heron............ 212 
Pied-billed Gr2be............... 10 | Fork-tailed Petrel -....-...-.- 22008 | GreenseHero nesses 12 
Black-throated Loon........ SOM ueaGhyStRe bre lessees. eee 20 | B’K-crowned Night Heron. 12 
TEER ON OTS UN ee ee a Pee 20) BOO DYi-ts=. oie os ES 175 | Y’w-crowned Night Heron 20 
Large-billed Puffin..........._ 00 | Cormorant......................... BOR | een ps a ee eee 20 
‘Cassin’s Auklet ..............1 50 | Farallone Cormorant......... 50) Clapper Rail 2s a Ie 
Black Guillemot..... -.......... 25 | Brandt’s Cormorant......... 5 ay | Waliferbomiey Ieee 20 
I RUE SY: A ee eae 20 | Baird’s Cormorant...... -.... 25 | Sora... OUT SUS ra esl 
California Murre ............... 20 | American White Pelican... 35 | Corn Grakeu i lactam 20 
Parasitic Jaeger .._........... 50 Califor nia Brown Pelican. 1 00 | Purple Gallinule............... 25 
Long-tailed Jaeger. ........... 150 | Man-o’-war Bird.. 2 1008 | Mlorida Gallinule 2) 10 
BBS GELWie Oye ese a ee 2) 40 | Red-preasted Merganser.. 50 | European Coot ........... ...... 15 
Iceland Gull...... 1 25 | Hooded Merganser ieee. 200 | American Coot _............ 08 
‘Great Black-backed Gull. 60 | Mallard ......00.000..-- . 20 | Wilson’s Phalarope........... 15 
Western Gull._.......22..2....... SON PEVOrid aD UC kee ee ee 100 | American Avocet............... 50 
teenies Gaull eee PaO) | AGN e hy 2 0 ee ce eee ceeesocoaeenece 75 | Black-necked Stilt ............ 50 
American Herring Gull... 20 | European T. a1 20 | European Woodcock......... Ly 
‘California Gull...--........... 30 | Blue-winged Teal .............. 20 | European Snipe 

Ring pilledeGullee ee OE Shovelleriescss.5 day eI 50 | Wilson’s Snipe........ 

Mawehines Gulla 20 | Scaup Duck... = 4b | Western Willet.. 2:22 = 
nica aye bas) (Cpnyb see ees 35 | Barrow’s Golden- -eye.. ieee Se) 100 | Bartramian Sandpiper...... 35 
Caspian Rerntses see 50 | Harlequin Duck......2....... . 150 | Spotted Sandpiper............ 15 
TRYON/EN UG NEr ie ahaa ee yee ee eae 40 | White-fronted Goose......... 1007) | 2Goldentelover== se 40 
CahbotisiMernte eevee 40 | Whooping Swan................. TEHO | SST eCT ee ieee eR 20 
MOLSteTSEerne. nese ee 10 | Whistling Swan...-............. 250 | Wilson’s Plover ...... MER OTS 
Common Tern 2) 08 | White-faced Glossy Ibis ... 1 00 | Bob-white....... _-.0...02022.... 10 
INOS Geren she ee 10M | PVVOOCLIbiS= =e aia 100 | Florida Bob-white ............ 15 
Roseate Tern....... .-.......-... 15 | American Bittern............... 7% | Texan Bob-white .............. 10 
STM OAS Gee eM cuit 08 | Least Bittern....................- 20 | Mountain Partridge........... vi) 
Sootye ern) ee 25 | Great Blue Heron.............. 25 | California Partridge......... 10 
sw KSel UNEva oe 1 00 | American Egret................. 30: | Valley Partridge..-:.-:........ 20 


Our otock is very low on many species named onthis page. Hence, 
ALWAYS namea few extras thatwecan send as substitutes in case we 
are out of the species ordered. Addressall orders to 


F. nl. LATTIN & CO., 3571 Care low Na en: Chicago, 


156 : 


Sooty Grouse............#42— 
Ruffed Grouse: ...--..2 eer 
Willow Ptarmigan...v...-.. 
Rock Ptarmigan 
1a ey B Ke 2 ngs do aa eee 


00 


Sage Grouse...........- : eT 50 
Chachalacaies eee eee 
Red-billed Pigeon.............. 1 

W hite-crow ned Pigeon end 1 00 
Mourning Dove .- 03 
W hite-fronted Doye.. 35 
White-winged Dove 2 
Ground Dove OU espana ge atte 30 
Mexican Ground Dove ee 50 


WilawASaY Tele yikes ee oa aks occa ) Bh 
Cooper's Hawi Se fe 
(Vari ssi Ofwi kinase acerca 


European Buzzard ............ 40 
Red-tailed Hawkk..............- 50 
Western Red-tail.._..........-. 60 


Red-shou!dered Hawk ...... 35 


Fla. Red-sh'ld’d Hawk...... 65 
White-tailed Hawk ..........- 1 2d 
Swainson’s Hawk ............. 50 
Broad-winged Hawk:......... 1 00 
Gray Sea Hagie ............... 2 00 
Guy Lalo Meee eee eee 6 00 
IDOWON Tete lic ee oe et aneaseee 3 00 
PRESTO ee Peer lye ays | al38 20 
American Sparrow Hawk. 20 
Desert Sparrow Hawk...... 25 
Audubon’s Caracara -........ 1 00 
American Osprevy..---.--------- 50 
American Barn Owl.. 20 

35 


Americat Longe -eared ‘Owl 
Short-eared Owl : 
Barred Owl......-..-..- ces 
Screech Owl 
Florida-Screech Owl 


.. Mexan Screech/Owl®......- b 
' California Scrééch Owl. eo 50 
Great Horned Owl =... ek 010) 
Western Horned Owl ........ 1 00 
Ta will © Wil see ee ere eee 1 00 
Burrowing Owl....2---2.0.2.-.- 15 
Florida Burrowing Owl-.... 1 50 
en OW eee ee 1 50 
NESARA Nea he Pitereres Dae alti 1 00 
Beeue: Milled AMI es 1 00 
Road-runner pacers ONY 
Yellow-billed Guckooll ba elo) 
California Cuckoo.....//...:... 20 
Black-billed Cuckoo.. Dane na alley 
Belted Kingfisher 2.:......... 20 
Hairy Woodpecker bE Srey 50 
SouthernHairy “ -..2...2.::. 1 00 
Downy Woodpecker ........ 20 
Red-cockaded Woodpecker 1 50 
Baird’s Woodpecker ......... 1 06 
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. 50 
Pileated Woodpecker........ 1.00 
Red-headed Woodpecker... 08 
Californian Woodpecker.... 40 


Lewis’s Woodpeckevr......... 35 
Red-bellied Woodpecker.. 

Golden-fr’ted Woodpecker 
Cer 8 oS Ee ae 03 


Red-shafted Flicker......:.. i 10 
Northwestern Flicker........ 25 
Merrill’s Parauque......... seh i) 

IN Aled ay A MEN Aes Geese oeeesecee scence 
Western Nighthawk 


Florida Nighthawk ......... 
Texan Nighthawk.............. 
Ghimney Switt.......:-...-2.... 


Ruby-throated Hummer... 50 
Black-chinned Hummer 50 
Costa’s Hummingbird...... ep RCD 
Anna’s Hummingbird....... 50 
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher. 10 
kG ake OU RGLs a Sane ee nee eS 03 
Arkansas Kingbird... Sr 10)5) 
Cassin’s Kingbird .............. 25 
Crested Flycatcher... Poe ogee 12 
Mexican Cr’ted Flycatcher 40 


Ash-throated Flycatcher... 25 


20) Western Wood Pewee. 


75} Acadian Flycatcher.. 
00} Little Flycatcher 


“| Blue Jay. 


/ Gambel’s Sparrow 


-Florida Grackle...-. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


85 ! Phoebe. pee hoe Nae ee SR eee LES oe a 
15-. Say’s Phoebe........ wee 
00; Black Phoebe....... 


Wood Pewee............--.- 


Western Flycatcher. 


Draill’s Mlycatcher.....---.- 
east HiveCatcher.---25 2 .e. 
Prairie Horned Lark 
Desert Horned Lark.... 
Ruddy Horned Lark......... 
American Mag pie........-..-... 
Yellow-billed Magpie. ....... 


Florida Blue Jay. 
Blue-fronted Jay 


AOR Glan Cro Wee ee 
Fish Crow 

Bobolink 
Western Bobolink.._...... ... 
Cowbird . 

Dwarf Cowbird.. 
Red-eyed Cowbird.. a 
Yellow-headed Blackbird. 
Red-winged Blackbird 
Bicolored Blackbird......-.... 
Tricolored Blackbird...... -. 
Waleveyolonyilewelic 
Western Meadowlark ._.. 
HoOodediOriole = 
Arizona Hooded Oriole...... 


i OrxchardkOrniOle see =). : 
50 |. Baltimore Oriole.... 


BullockessOnioles 
Brewer’s Blackbird 
Purple Grackle ....... 


Bronzed Grackle :.... 
Great-tailed Grackle.. 
Boat-tailed Grackle 
Pine Grosbeak 
Purple Finch 
House Fineh..--....... see 
IReG WOM eee ee 
‘American Goldfinch.......... 
Western Goldfinch.......__... 
Arkansas Goldfinch.......... 
Lawrence’s Goldfinch 
Lapland Longspur ........... 
McCown’s Longspur......... 
Vesper S ar ROW ewe eee 
Western Vesper Sparrow. 
Savanna Sparrow..-.......-: 
Grasshopper Sparrow 
W. Grasshopper Sparrow. 
Sharp-tailed Sparrow ....... 
WankeS parr Owe ee 
Western Lark Sparrow... 


White-throated Sparrow... 
West’n Chipping Sparrow 
HMield Sparrows ees eee 
Western Field Sparrow.. 
Slate-colored Junco ........ a 
Black-throated Sparrow.. 
Song Sparrow.. 
Heermann’s SongSparrow 
Samuel’s Song Sparrow... 
Rusty Song Sparrow ee 
Swamp Sparrow 
Texas Sparrow....... 
TOWNCO sees wae 
Spurred Townee 
Oregon Towhee 
California 'Towhee........... 
JADELL'S TOWHEE 3... 26.5. 
Cardinale. ke So eae 
Gray-tailed Cardinal......... 
Texan Cardinal 
Rose- breasted Grosbeak..... 
Black-headed Grosbeak..... 


Blue Grosbeak .- 
Indigo Bunn 
Lazuli Bunting.............. 
Painted Bunting joy esk eget : 
Sharpe’s Seed-eater.......... 
DickCiSsely ey se aaee =} 


| Lark Bunting...... ._. 


Scarlet Tanager...._... 
Summer Tanager 
LE TUN OMS) MING al a ee 
Cliff Swallow............... 


Rough-winged Swallow..... 
Cedar Waxwing................ 
Phainopepla....4...-/- 
Loggerhead Shr ike 
White-rumped Shrike 
California Shrike _........_. 
Red-eyed Vireo............ 
Warbling Vireo 
White-eyed Vireo 
IBeLUShVineO:-2- 2 4. eee 
Prothonotary ‘Warbler. 
Worm-eating Warbler... 
Blue-winged Warbler........ 
Golden-winged Warbler... 
Lutescent Warbler 
Parula Warbler =: 
Yellow Warbler: 2s 
Chestnut-sided Warbler... 
B’kthroated Grn Warbler 
Prairies Wiarblen.2) ee 
Louisiana Water-Thrush.. 
Maryland Yellow-throat... 
Western Yellow-throat _... 
Yellow-breasted Chat...... 5 
Long-tailed Chait.......-....... 
Hooded Warbler 


; American Redstart....___. 


White Waetail —)- 
Sao bhirashe rs eee ee 
Wiloye|fabavedoubRel oe es -: pe 


Cat bird Soe. Meee Oe aes zi 


UBTOWwal hrasher gasses 


Sennett’s Thrasher..__.__.__. 
Curve-billed Thrasher ._._. 
California Thrasher........... 
Bendire’s Thrasher 
Cactus Wren 
IO CKAWINC Die ere 
Carolina Wren 
Bewick’s Wren.... 
Baird's Wren 
House Wren 


Western House Wren ....... 
Long-billed Marsh Wren... 
W hite-breasted Nuthatch.. 
Brown-headed Nuthateh.. 
Tufted Titmouse... oe 
Texan Tufted Titmouse... 
Jann RibmMoOus Geen 
Ghickadees.at- nee ee eee 
Carolina Chickadee 
Mountain Chickadee 
Wirenstitets eer et nage 
Bush Titi eee eee 
Werehlas sg 5 cos 
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher..... 
Wood ' Thrush .. of dip 
Wilson’s Thrush. . 

Russet-backed Thrush.. 5 
Olive-backed Thrush...... 
Hermite hhrusheroenee aes 
Red-winged Thrush..... . 
American Robin.............. 
Western Robin 
iWihtealbearsa eee renee 
Bluebird . 

Western Bluebird . 
Mountain Bluebird ....... 
English Pheasant......... 
European Goldfinch...... 
English Sparrow.......... 
European Tree Sparrow. . 


MISCELLANEOUS. 


THE OOLOGIST. 167 
Hammerhead Shark ...... Crocodiles -areeeee eee 1 00 
SoAlNESe Ss harkenecnere seen oe SOR IVir clea uns] e eeseene eee nee 10 
05 | Egg case of Periwinkle... Ime MM wpe) 8 se 15 
10 | Fossil Fish Eggs, per 12. 10,| Snapping Turtle................ 15 
10) || AWbbieeniOIe. Gob soac odbauudesso 35 | Ostrich (Hole in end) ........ 1 50 


Hummingbird nests 19 to 50c. each accordihg to condition and beauty. 


FOREIGN BOOS SINGLE 


All orders for the following Foreign Eggs 
9 must be sent us at our Chicago Branch. 


AMERICAN EGGS 


Puffin, 1... 
California Murre, 1 : 
‘Great Black-backed Gull, 2-3 
Ring-billed Gull, 3 

Mew Gull, 2-3 

‘Cabot’s Tern, 3 

Forster’s Tern, 3 

Common Tern, 3 

Sooty Tern, 1 

Bridled Tern 1 

Noddy 1 

Fulmar 1 

Manx Shearwater 1 
Audubon’s Shearwater 1 
‘Stoimy Petrel 1 

Leach’s Petrel 1 
Yellow-billed Tropic Bird 1 
Booby 1 

Double crested Cormorant 4 
American White Pelican 2-3 
Man-o’-wal Bird 1 

Wood Ibis 4 

Least Bittern 4 

Louisiana Heron 5 

Little Blue Heron 45 
‘Green Heron 5 

Virginia Rail 8 

‘Chachalaca 3 
White-crowned Pigeon 2 
‘Cooper’s Hawk 3-4 

Harris’s Hawk 3 


“4 5 Sheree 


fi Red- tailed Hawk 4 : 
|;Red-shonldered Hawk 2.°% = 
‘Swainson’s Hawk 38- = sae ee 


Broad-winged Hawk 3 
American Osprey 3 
Belted Kingfisher 7 
Hairy Woodpecker 6 
Ruvy-throated Hum’g bird n-2 
Crested Flycatcher 4 
Wood Pewee n-3 
Prairie Horned Lark 2-4 
Blue Jay 4-5 

American Crow 5 
Meadowlark 5 

Western Meadowlark 5 
Baltimore Oriole 5 
Bronzed Grackle 5 
House Finch 3 
American Goldfinch n-5 
Vesper Sparrow 4 
Western Lark Sparrow 
Field Sparrow 4 

Song Sparrow 5 

Swamp Sparrow 4 
Towhee 3 
Rose-breasted-Grosbeak 8 
Lazuli Bunting 4 
Sharpe’s Seed-eater n-3 
Scarlet Tanager 4 

Bank Swallow 4 

Cedar Waxwing 4 


Our stock is very low on many species named on this page. 


ID BSS Ere IEC REM EC 53 Gooono ce a0 Calandra Wark ss) 400) |) obbys Merlin 52 .)h-1 20 
Sparrow Hawk ..... ..... 20 | Short-toed Mark::.2..:2-.- 12 | Egyptian Vulture. . 1 50 
Wilheshay Sienbeele sas on obe 25 |-Gt. Black Woodpecker .. %5]Carrion Crow...... ......: ie 20 
Rontasue's S) leleneieie. geo Se Kis, 10) OKO GOYO) ve nowlomboo daneoooe oe 50 | Chiff Chaff . as a0 
Swallow. . peace, OR | Crashes o een sod cae!) LO ISWOMKE CINE) donc uododc odor; 10 
Nuthaten Eee eee ONCE LOW EX ULM CLIO reenter: ODnPRO Oe inei er rary ea svocas 10 
AVEC Wieerer tee eiteccir cious 05 | Black-headed Bunting.... 10) Buif-backed Heron.:... .. 25 
Fire-crested Wren............ 40] Willow Warbler .......... Os PBTACkKeStonicene tern erre cer (i) 
Sedge Warbler ... ....... 05 | Robin . dnowc . O&qi Nilay) SOc s  openweasoeG 1-50: 
White-throat ............. 05 | Common Sandpiper... ste ue 15 | Quail:..... 10 
‘Golden-crested Kinglet.. 15) (Commion Snipeseve ens amecol| ine @uzel. <7. Pisa eva MH OD 
Whinchat.. LOs)) Wratber-Riciiiles eyo sree stelar SOs Gayaetal com yy eas et eee 6.00 
W hite- spotted Blue-throat 75| White-fronted Goose...... 1 00 | Long-eared Owl... .-:... 35 
PSG ATIUO MMOS errs sales iets ae 2B) | AW KOVop Walsall 55 nobanans oauelcec 1d | Pawny Owl 226.23: 50 
Miissel, Thrush’. 2222.20 3: 05 | Sociable Plover... ..2. . 30) Litt’e Owl . 40 
Ome UMOAbISN Recwasca canes. UB SehovelIMiebdnhale ce eQodomolss 5) OR) Redshanks .....:...... eee 
TBileKeltdoriyshiG. BatawooN eer na de OSs RreciCreeperre. 4 meee es Od) | ES tock: Dovel siete tos. oie) ala. 
IDOE bese koodseooneenade 5a KCapercariiley seems e cea 50 | Great-crested Grebe....... 50 
ibredshUyicatChele.= ne «1. 15 | Pink-footed Goose ........ 1 00 | Chuckar Partridge........ eed) 
Red-backed Shrike........ TD) } lRwbaver DVO ood” goo lbeeeooas 10} Griffon Vulture. .=..:.3...: 2 50 
JES cclliba nan Ca noneneteer lance Z| DustleDOv, 222.2.2-.5 cs. 900} Arabian sViulture *.:-25--225 500 
MIB OIC. cope, LoS he ee ae OS) Black Cape ates es leer 0D) PHILIPPINE EGGS. 
PNACIKGAW iret tease coe sek eee Mey nGneee yy 4 Mn Goodbacs pasdoasc cc 20 | Black-headed Weaver-bird 50 
Greenhnehaneen-ce ose Ost EBIMIe RR itheececnene ners ies 15 | ae SING (CLASSE ie ssh yale - 15 
House Sparrow....-.-. .. 03] Marsh ‘Tit 20 Bul bul.: MW siaey tanr a ES ETERS 
[ai plillshartel se noo peep poneese HOF MEGCine hich Cranes seria a ae and class.... ..... » 25 
lesser Redpoll 2.20552... .: 20 | Barbary Partridge: Seu BMA coo adoe cousceo oso UO +2 
White-winged Lark.....: -. 40| Red-lege Partridge:. | Comaaroste Oriole. Sia erat eat waicte a 1 00. 
. : a $ . 
in Sets with Data. For Sale at our oy duaqnanters: “Orders for’. 


Ua rollouts Sets should be Sonu us at ATbjon,, N, Y., only. 


White- rnmped. Shrike 6 
Red-eyed Vireo © 
Warbling Viréo4* + - 
Chestnut. sided Warbler 4 
American Redstart 3-4 
Brown Thrasher 4° 
California Thrasher 3 
House Wren 5 
Long-billed Marsh wr end 
Chickadee 9 
Wood Thrush 4 

FOREIGN EGGS. 
Red-breasted Merganser 5-7 
Widgeon 5-9 
Scoter 5 
Whooping Swan 3 
Curlew 3-4 
Golden Plover 4 
Rock Ptarmigan 12 
Gryfalcon 2-4 
Duck Hawk 4 
Kestrel 5 
Numidian Crane 1 
Cinereus Crane 1-2 
Egyptian Vulture 2 
Griffin Vulture 2 
Quail 10 
Red-legged Partricge 10 
Orient Eagle 2 
Rough-footed Eagle 2 
Red Grouse 10 


Hence, 


ALWAYS namea fewextras that we can send as substitutes in case we 
are out of the species ordered. Address all orders to 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., 


Albion. N. Y.; 0 
3571 Cottage Grove nee 55 Chicago. 


= He 


158 THE OOLOGIST. 


AMERICAN EGGS toicwing sets ‘wi ve tied trom our Chicago Store only. 


St Domingo Grebe 4 
Pied-bill Grebe 6-7 
Black-throat Loon 2 
Puffin 1 

Large-bill Puffin 1 
Black Guillemot 2 
Murre 1 

Parasitic Jaeger 2 
Iceland Gull 2 

Gt. Blk. back Gull 2 
Herring Gull 2-3 
Amer. Herring Gull 3 
Ring-bill Gull 3 
Laughing Gull 2-3 
Franklin’s Gull 3 
Sooty Tern 1 


Noddy .*' 1 
Bridled ‘*. 1 
Fulmar 1. 


Manx Shearwater 1 


Audubon’s Shearwater 1 


Fork-tail Petrel 1 
Leach’s Petre] 1 


| Fla. Screech Owl 3 
Texan Screech Owl 4 
Calif. oa 
‘Chachalaca 3 

Red-bill Pigeon 1 
White-crown Pigeon 2 
Mourning Dove 2 
Ground 4 2 
Mex. Ground Dove 2 
Yellow-billed Cuckoo 4 
Black-billed uP 3-4 
Belted Kingfisher 4-5-6 
Merrill’s Paraque 2 
Hairy Woodpecker 3 


Downy or 4-5-6 
Baird’s fs 4 
Red-headed ‘‘ 4 

California ‘ 3 

Lewis’ se 6 
Red-bellied ‘ 4 

Golden fronted Woodpecker 4 
; Golden-winged 4-5 


| Gray-tail Cardinal z 4 
Texan oy, 

Spurred Towhee 5° 
Oregon ~ 3- 
California ‘‘ i 4 
Abert’s a 
Rose-breasted Groctean: 3-4 
Blavk-headed “ 2-3 
Blue ’ 2. 
Indigo Bunuines 3 

Lazuli 

Sharpe’s Suedenten n-3 
Pine Grosbeak (Eng). 3 
House Finch 4 

Red-poll 6 

American Goldfinch 4- Ae e 
Arkansas 

Lapland Longspur 4- 5 
McOCowns 4 
Dickcissel 4 

Cactus Wren 3 

House ‘“ 6-7 
White-breasted Nuthatch 6 


Farralone Cormorant 4 Red-shafted it 4-5-6 | Chickadee 6 
Brandt’s et 3 Northwestern Flicker 6-8 Russet-backed Thrush 3- 4 
Am. White Pelican 2 Night Hawk 2 ; Vesper Sparrow 4 
Man O’ War Bird 1 Texan “ 2 Grasshopper‘ 45 
European Teal 4 Chimney Swift 3-4 | Lark oS a! 
Blue-wing Teal 5-7 Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 4 SS Seon 
Barrows Golden-eye 12 Cassin’s Kingbird 5 West. Sony OS 
Scoter Eup. 6 Mex. Crested Flycatcher 4-5 Field SBOE 
White-faced Glossy Ibis 3 Phoebe 4-5 Song Soe A oy 
Wood Ibis 4 _ Wood Pewee 2-3 Mt. Song co 
Least Bittern 6 Western Flycatcher 4 leer en ‘3-4 
Reddish Egret 4 Western Wood Pewee 3 Samls‘‘ ; 3-4 
Little Blue Heron 3-4 Little Flycatcher ae 3 Rusty :‘ ERIN. 
Green Heron 4-5 Traill’s a 2-3 Swamp tog C5) 
B. C. Night Heron 4 Least a 3- 4 ‘Texas ot 4 


Prairie Horned Lark 3-4 
Fla. Blue Jay 3-4 


Corn Crake 7 
Amer. Coot 5-6 


Purple Martin 4 
Cliff Swallow F, 


Eng. Snipe 4 Calif. Jay 2-3 Barney cs 
Wilson Snipe 2-3 American Crow 3-4-6 Tree oe Fe 6 
Spotted Sandpiper 4 Starling 4 Bank oo 4.5 


Brewer’s Blackbird 4-5 
Purple Grackle 3-5 
Great-tailed Grackle 3-4 
Bobolink 4 

Western Bobolink 4-5 
Red-winged Blackbird 4 
Bi-colored fe 4 
Tri-colered <a + 
Meadow Lark 4-5 
Western Meadow Lark 3 4-5 
Arizona Hooded Oriole 4 
Orchard Oriole 4-5 


Curlew 3 
Bob-white 4 
Florida Bobwhite 9 
Ruffed Grouse 12 
Rock Ptarmigan 5-10 
Prairie Hen 12 
Cooper’s Hawk 4 
Harris’ Hawk 2 
Red-tail Hawk 1-2 
Westero Red-tail 2 
American Osprey 3 
Long-ear Owl 45 


White-rumped Shrike 4-6 
Red-eyed Vireo 2-3 

Bell’s Vireo 3 

Yellow Warbler 4 
Chestnut-sided War bler 3 
Prairie 2-3 
Yellow-breast Chat 3-4 
Long-tailed Chat 4 
American Redstart 4 
White Wagtail 5 

Sage Thrasher 5 
Mockingbird 3-4 


Barred Owl 2 Baltimore ‘ 3-4-6 Catbird 4-4 

Screeca Owl 4 Bullock’s Oriole 4-7 Brown Thrasher 4 
Great Horned Owl 2 | Towhee 3 Sennett’s re 4 
West. ‘ Gb 9) Cardinal 3-4 | California ‘ 3 


EGGS IN COLLECTIONS AT A SACRIFICE. 


At the prices given below, our patrons simply send us the amount named and we send them a first 
class collection of desirable first class eggs which at regular rates would amount to prices stated, 

While the selection must be left entirely with us, we will, however try and accommodate them as 
far as possible by sending eggs either nutive or ioreign to their locality; either cheap or high priced. 
ones; or either of water or land species—in tact if they will *-hint” about what they mostly desire, we 
will do as well as we possibly can for them. 


Collections worth from $2 to $200 at from one-half to one- 


fourth usual prices. 

For $1 we will send you prepaid $2 worth of sIngles or sets, our selec-— 
tion, no duplicates. 

For $5 we wili send you $12 worth of singles or sets, our selection, no 
ears 

For $10 we will send you$30 worth of singles or sets, our selection, no 

duplicates. 

For $30 we will send you a collection of $100 worth of singles or sets,. 
Our selection, no duplicates. 

For $50 we will send a collection of $200 worth of singles or sets, our 
selection, no duplicates. 


Our stock is very low on many species named on this page. Hence, 
ALWAYS namea few extras that wecan sendias substitutes in case we 
are out of the species ordered. Address all orders to 


Fa H. LATTIN &L CO., 3571 Cotsee Grevelx ee 


Chicago. 


THE OOLOGIST 159 


Light Roadster. Weight, 25 Ibs. 
CATALOGUE 


~=—FREE TO ALL, ——a 


Send for one — it will interest you. 
In our Six New Models you will find just what you 
want. All the latest improvements. All sizes and 
prices. (Guaranteed to be equal to any, regardless 


Olu price: 
Manufacturers and Jobbers 


John P, Lovell Arms Co., AU aaa nau tts 


BOSTON, [IASS. AGENTS WANTED — Write for terms. 


NIAGARA PALLS. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Cotoaist visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated on Halls street, only a few steps from RB. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—-and ‘c-upies a new 
three story building, which. cost thousands of dollars to buila and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the “LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well known fact the 
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarrers for 
EVERYTHING in the CurI0, SPECIMEN, Noveury or SOUVENIR line pertain- 
ing to Niagara. 


Bird Life in “Forest and Stream.” 


No one who is 
interested in 
bird life can af- 
ford to miss the 
Natural History 

columns of the 


FOREST & STREAM. 


Send to cts. for 
specimen copy, 
with free cata= 
log of our books 
on Natural His= 
tory & Outdoor 


SNOWY OWLS. 
Specimen illustration from the Natural History columns of “* Forest and Stream.” Sports. 
Everybody knows that FOREST AND STREAM has tens of thousands of 
sportsmen readers. Did it ever occur to you that every year between 3,000 
and 5,000 sportsmen write for it? Take the great West, for instamce. West=- 
ern sportsmen send it stories of their adventures with grizzlies and mountain 
lions; of hunting the deer, the elk, the 
mountain sheep; of shooting prairie 
chickens, grouse, quail and ducks; of 
fishing for trout, bass, pike, pickerel 
and muscalonge; of wolf and jack rab= 
bit coursing; with talk of gun, dog and 
camp—in fact, pictures of every phase 
of a Western sportsman’s life. Andas 
in the West, so in the East, the South, 
the North, Texico, Canada—every= 
where. Thisis why FOREST AND STREAM hes come to be in every section 
the sportsman’s favorite journal. ‘this is why we want you to know it, to read 
it, to write for it, to join the great army of those who are helping to. make it, 
who are enjoying its reading every week. Itisabright, clean, healthy, manly 
paper for you and your family. The subscription price is $4.co. .Address 


Forest and Stream Pub. Co., 318 Broadway, New York. 


‘A WEEKLY JOURNAL OF THE Rop ae 


ESTABLISHED TWENTY) YEARS °* ~ ILLUSTRATED. 


\a2 22 S00 882s eeoeeneeeeoeee 


VAS Monthiy. 


VOL. XI. NO. 5. 


> oe é 
— ‘od 
Wy % “age 

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Z | “ey, 


a aac oo a | OPAC CA ENE ER 


ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1894. 


ef 
Regan emnaeese? 


SoPRRsDEEe? 


ee 
e 
% 
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% 


( pS 5Oc. per Year. Nas 


WHOLE No. 103. 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50c per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


‘‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and -‘Exchanges” only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


“T suppose itis hardly necessary for me to 
Say that my ady. tn the OOLOGIST gave me more 
applications than I could fill. Iam more than 
pleased.” J. H. Bowles, Ponkapog, Mass. 


TO EXCHANGE. Good $1 dark lantern and 
Stanleys History of Birds. gilt. for a good 22 or 
32 cal. rile. HENRY TOLMAN, Washington 
St., Newton, Mass. 


OPALS.—I am selling out cheap a small col- 
lection of Gems. Will send, postpaid, Oval, 
25c; Moonstone. 25c; Garnet, $1.50; Aquamar- 
ine, $3. All choice, finely cut, and ready for set- 
ting. EDWIN C. ATKINSON, 116 North 19th 
St., Philadelphia. 


WANTED.—Relics of the Mound-builders, 
Aztecs, or other pre-historic American races. 
Scientific publications, minerals or cash given. 


FRANKLIN C. JOHNSON, Boonville, Oneida’ 


Co., N. Y. 


WANTED—Adaress of every Ornithologist in 
Iowa, in order to see if there are enough inter- 
ested in the study in ourstate. to form an As- 
sociation. DAVID L. SAVAGE., Salem, Henry 
Co., Iowa. 


NOTICE.—Will exchange Frank Wesson 22 
cal, rifie, skeleton stock, 18 inch barrel for 
either Coues’ Key. Ridgway’s Manual of North 
American Birds or Nutall’s Ornithology in lat- 
est edition. H. B. JOHNSON, Box 693 Orange, 
Mass. 


“My adv. inthe WantColumn has given me 
much pleasure. Have obtained all but the 
January number. Hardly expected to find the 
numbersI did find. Your Want Column is 
worth twice and three times what the contri- 
butors pay forit. Paul VanderLike, St. Croix 
Falls, Wise. 


FOR SALE ata bargain.—Four good cCollec- 
tions as follows: Oneof Shells valued at $25. 
One of minerals. $15. One of fossils, $8. One of 
Indian relics, $25. Will sell at about half price. 
Parties meaning business are requested to 
send stamp and mention which list you want. 
GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D. 


STAMPS.—Better quality, greater variety, 
Packets. 25 varieties 10c: 50 varieties 20c; 200 
assorted 15¢c; No.10 used and unused 25 varie- 
ties 50c very fine; No. 50. 15 unused 25¢; ap- 
proval sheets, net prices discount rates. some- 
thing new. try one. HOWARD M. GILLET. 
Lebanon Springs, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fine set Columbian issue 
stamps to $1 inclusive, for best offer of eggs in 
singles. WIULLI>M BAKER, Vancouver, 
Wash., Care of J. W. PETRAN. 


FOR SALE or Exchange.—Violin with case 
and magic lantern with about 56 views, will ex- 
change for bicycle pneumatic tire, typewriter, 
printing press or offers. Address, JAS. E. 
REICH, Salem, N.C. 


BIRDS EGGS. Geodes. Minerals. Fossils. 
Picture Cards, Books of Histories, Adventur- 
ers, Novels. ete., forany kinds of Columbian. 
1890 3cts and higher, old U. S., Confederate and 
choice foreign stamps, curiosities. autographs. 
and photographs of Great Men. ROBERT LL. 
STEPHENS, Danville, Ills. 


INDIAN RELICS from Chenango Co., N.Y. 
A lot of these to exchange for rare U. S_ post- 
age stamps, Will take old collections © ex- 
amination. F.N, SILL, 199 Hamilton St., Al- 
bany, N. Y. 


IDAHO Cabinet Specimens.—Minerals, fos- 
silized and native wood. Indian. relics, curios 
deer antlers and many othe) articles that make 
nice cabinet specimens. fo1 sale very cheap or 
will ex. for merchandise. state what vou have. 
W. F. STONE, Junction, Lemhi Co., Idaho. 


THE followings in exchange for bird skins or 
sets with data: Magic Lantern and 24 Slides, 
throws 8 ft. view, 4x5 and 8x10 Waterbury 
lenses; German Imperial accordeon and case 
and new landing net. P.K. GILMAN, 170 9th 
St., Oakland, Calif. 


MINERALS.—Will exchange Free Gold and 
Silver Iron pyrites. Copper, Nickle, Galena 
erystals. amethyst. calcite, spar, apatite and 
many others for any other mineral. Good 
showy specimens. S. G. FOGG, Box 55, Rat 
Portage, Ontario. 


162 


WANTED.—Tarantulas in alcohol and com- 
mon western eggs in sets for OOLOGISTS of 1890, 
1891. 1892, 1893 in good condition. WALTER C. 
METZ. 20 N. First St., Newark, Ohio. 


“WANTED.—22 cal. collecting gun for use 
with shot cartridges. Newor 2nd hand, good 
condition. Easily taken apart. Give price. 
R. P. CURRIE, Care Executive Committee on 
Awards, Pacific Building, Washington, D. C. 


A FINE Collection of Showy minerals, also 
Indian arrow heads and curiosities to exchange 
for good stamps ora camera. The above val- 
ued at $40 to be sold cheap or for exchange. A. 
R.. 15 Pearl St., St. Johnsbury, Vt. 


I HAVE a fine collection of eggs.175 varieties, 
mostly Fla. Eggs. which I will sell at one-third 
catalogue rates, also haye eggs to exchange. 
All letters answered. BRYAN M. GRANT, 
Tallahassee, Fla. 


It gives me great pleasure to be able to say 
that the OOLOGIST as an advertising medium, 
in its special branch. is absolutely unrivalled. 
Having received answers from all parts of the 
U.S.. Canada and Mexico, adding many desir- 
able specimens to my collections. S. Van Rens- 
selaer, Jr.. 29 Broadway, N. Y. Clty. 


FOR SALE or Exchange.—18 No’s Auk, 6 
vols of O. and O.. 3 vols of Outing. 2 vols. of Gt. 
Divide, 55 No’s of OoLOGIST and 140 other books 
aud papers on O. and O. Also22 cal, Smith & 
Wesson and.44 cal. d-suble action Frontier re- 
volver and Skulls of Fox, Skunk, Raccoon and 
Cat. H.C. CAMPBELL, Lansingburgh, Rens. 
Co., N. Y. 


Enclosed is 1.00 and copy of another exchange 
notice for May OoLoGisT. There’s a good old 
saying that ‘the proof of the pudding is in the 
eating.’’ and you Can judge for yourself. by the 
number of exchange notices I send for your 
paper, as to what returns I get from them. 
Geo. W. Dixon, Watertown, S. D. 


TIN QUARTZ. ‘Fine Cabinet Specimens” 
by mail 25c. Also Bad Land specimens cheap. 
JOHN CASHNER, City Treasurer, Spearfish, 
So. Dak. Always mention the OOLOGIST. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fine Southern California 
sets and skins with full data, for first-class 
skins from the Eastern States. JOE GRIN- 
NELL, Pasadena, Cal. 


PHILATELISTS.—I have about 5000 stamps 
to exchange for specimens in any department 
of Natural Science. J. A. CORCORAN, 155 
Cowan Ave., Toronto, Ont. 


Icondsider the OOLOGIST unsurpassed by 
any Naturalist’s Magazine as an advertise- 
ing medium. From one notice inserted in its 
columns I received over 175 replies. C. M. Hat- 
field, Los Angeles, Calif. 


100 Foreign Stamps, all different. for every 20 
ditferent U.S. stamps sent me. Manton’s Tax- 
idermy for best offer Columbian stamps. F, A. 
GREGORY, 1234 N. Court St., Rockford, Tll. 


FOR SALE.—Beautiful ore specimens from 
the mines for 35 cts., large ones 50 Cts. Post- 
paid. Reductions on large orders. Write 
quick. Address, MRS. T. P. CHASE, Lock 
Box 146, Socorro, New Mexico. 


TO EXCHANGE.—I have a $25 Stainer viol- 
in in good condition, for best offer in eggs or 
oological instruments, or for a clarinet, Also 
Bb cornet, value #35 for best offer. All ietters 
answered. GUY E. GLENN, Glencoe, Neb. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR SALE.- A good magic lantern with 11 
slides for $3. or will exchange. HENRY TOL- 
MAN, JR., Washington St., Newton, Mass. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Bb Cornet, Century Mag- 
azine, Columbian Stamps, sets and singles for 
sets, live birds and works on Ornithology and 
Oology, ROBERT TOMLINSON, Alden, Iowa, 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Flobert Rifle, 22 cal., 
Remington action, walnut checked, Pistol Grip 
stock, weight 64 lbs., Accurate Shooter, Nearly 
New, Cost $5. Will exchange for U. S. coins. 
Make offers. A. B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, 
Medina Co., Ohio.* 


TO EXCHANGE.—Bb Cornet, Century Mag- 
azines, Columbian Stamps, sets and singles; 
for Sets, live birds and works on Ornithology 
ad Oology. ROBERT TOMLINSON, Alden, 

owa. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of three spike deer 
horns unmounted, for Davie’s ‘‘Nests and 
Eggs’ in perfect condition. J. R. KELLER, 
112 W. Main St., Batavia, N. Y. 


‘“‘Thave had quite a shower of ans. to the 
March number. More than any other Mag. or 
Journal.” John Cashner, City Treas., Spear- 
fish, So. Dak. 


CAMERA and single barrel shot gun choap. 
Coins, books, fountain pen and magic lantern 
will exchange for botanical literature or spec- 
imens. Pressed plants exchanged. H. P, 
CHANDLER, Beaver Dam., Wis. . 


FOR SALE or Trade.—One Edwin Ladmore 
double barrel shot gun, No. 12 gauge, perfect 
order, cost nearly $200, sell cheap or trade, One 
34 size 4 string double bass, cost $438. $25 will 
take it. I want Bb Cornet (silver). JULIUS 
GILBERT, Parker, So. Dak. 


' FOR SALE.—No. 1 Kodak, cost $25 in per- 
fect condition with sole-leather carrying ease, 
410, castings and fittings complete for 1-10 H. P. 
electric motor, $3 Remington 22 val. rifle, $3. 
Five drawer egg cabinet, #2. Live chameleons, 
expressage prepaid. two dozen for $1. A. B. 
BLAKEMORE, 280 St. Andrew St., New Or- 
leans, La. 


J WILL give $10 worth of Ist class birds eggs 
for a copy of Coues’ Key in A 1 condition. W. 
H. DEADERICK, Clarksville, Tenn. 


WANTED.—Live birds and animals, will pay 
cash or give in exchange stam0s or Indian Rel- 
ics. BLENN R. BALES, Circleville, Ohio. 


I WILL Pay cash for a few sets of desirable 
eggs if very cheap. Tbose having eggs for sale 
send list. Some commoneggs also wanted. 
CHAS. L. BARTLETT, Clayton, Ills. 


Have received one hundred answers from my 
exchange notice alreavy. Your paper is a fine 
advertising medium. Guy Conley, Austin. Tex. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Smith & Wesson, safety 
hammerless revolver (new); Fine Violin outfit: 
many Scientific Books. Wanted, Rifie and 
Colt's frontier double action revolver. MAR- 
CUS S. FARR, University of Chicago, Chicago, 
Tllinois. 


WANTED.—To correspond with collectors 
who can furnish live Canada Grouse or Pas- 
senger Pigeons during the coming spring and 
summer. Parties who can furnish the same 
address, B. BUCKENHAM, 
Phila., Pa. 


Chestnut Hill, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


I SEND postpaid twelve 5c specimens, fos- 
sils, minerals, curios from all parts U. S. with 
full description of each for 25c. GORDON L. 
ELLIOTT, Allison, Ia. 


INDIAN RELICS and old almanacs in ex- 
change for eggs in sets or singles also eggs 
from other localities in exchange for eggs from 
this locality, GEO. A. SMITH, Oakfield, Gen- 
esee Co., N. Y. 


I have received over one hundred replies to 
my adv. in March No. of the OOLoaIst. It is 
worth 10 times its cost to any one. WILL D. 
LORD, Burlington, Mich. 


IOWA Ornithologists who are interested in 
forming an Iowa Association of Ornithologists 
please Communicate with DAVID L. SAVAGE, 
Salem, Iowa or ERNEST IRONS, Council 
Bluffs, Ia. 


WANTED.—Specimens of Wood, Orange, 
Lemon, Camphor. Sandal, Olive, Rose, Citron 
or any native southern or foreign wood. Will 
exchange Indian relics for above. CHARLIE 
P. HAZLEHURST, Brantford, Ont. 


WESTERN Bird Skins.—Choice Minn., Colo. 
and Pacific coast Species. Also 4x5 detective 
camera. will exchange for photographic sup- 
plies, 32S. & W. double action or hammerless 
with reloading set, or good 12 ga. shot gun that 
‘are in fine condition only. no worn out guns 
wanted at any price. Views on Natural His- 
tory subjects for same. GEO: G. CANTWELL, 
Puyallup, Wash. 


THE TARANTULA or trap door spider’s 
nest is perhaps the most curious as well as the 
most wonderful piece of insect work known. 
The nest is closed with a water tight trap door 
having an elastic hinge. The iuside of the 
door. aS well as the tube itself is beautifully 
lined with a silken web. It is a valuable cu- 
riosity, and a great addition to any cabinet, and 
will be sent postpaid to any address on receipt 
of only 25c. Agents wanted. Address, C. M. 
HATFIELD, Los Angeles. Calif. 


FOR SALE or Exchange.—Birds Eggs. from 
here. Very fine specimens of pure White 
Quartz @ 5-10-25 and 50 cts., a few colored spec- 
imensat same prices. One very large hand- 
some pink and white striped Feldspar or 
Quartz stone $2.50. Want other fine showy 
Minerals. Petritied Woods and good Indian Rel- 
ics. Also one new copy each of Coues’ Key of 
N. A. Birds and Maynarda’s Eggs of N. A. Birds. 
Parties asking questions please send stamp for 
reply. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D. 


U.S. STAMPS wanted in ex. for following: 
Davie’s Nest and Eggs of N. Am. Birds, cloth 
pound. new; Scott’s complete works, 12 vol., 
paver bound; one doz. Monroe Ink Erasers. 
HENRY A. LAFLER, Albion, N. Y. 


A SERIES of Cala. Murre Eggs is what you 
want. They show wonderful variation in color 
and marking and catch the eye. We can fur- 
nish beautiful series of from 1 to 100 at aston- 
ishing low rates. Send stamp for our attrac- 
tive circular. Justout. It tells all about them. 
BARLOW & OSGOOD, San Jose, Calif. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Am. Side-snap single gun, 
12 ga., good condition for best offer in first-class 
Bird, mammal skins and skulls and Books on 
Ornithology and Mammalogy. Will pay cash 
for Jordan’s Manual ’92 and Zoology of Mexi- 
can Boundary Survey. J. O. DUNN, 360 39th 
St., Chicago. 


‘als. H. MYERS, Archbald, Pa. 


163 


CALIFORNIA Birds and Eggs.—Extra fine 
skins and mounted birds at bedrock prices. 
Mounted collections furnished on short notice 
at great discount. Eggs in sets for sale cheap. 
Send stamp for price lists. Satisfaction guar- 
anteed. F.I. ATHERTON, Box 60, Los Gatos, 
California. A2t 


OF INTEREST to Stamp Collecters.—600 dif- 
ferent cheap sets for sale; for instance 6 Chili 
5c.: 4 Costa Rica 3c.; 6 Ecuador ic.; 5 Guate- 
mala 5c.; 6 Hong Kong 7c.;7 Japan 5c.; 3 Lib- 
eria 12c.:5 Salvador 1Uc.;8 Samoa, current. is- 
sue. 50c. and many others. Send for dull price 
list. W.SELLSCHOPP & CO., 108 Stockton 
St.,San Francisco, Cal. A3t 


WE WILL give specimens ot any kind, adver- 
tising space in the OoLoGist, and for extra good 
offers anything we offer tor sale or possibly 
CASH for first-class Indian Relics, or tor new or 
2d hand books on Natural History, in good condi- 
tion, ornitholog or oology preferred— a set of 
the ‘‘Natural History of New York” and copies of 
“sCoues’ Key” especially desired. F. H. LATTIN 
& CO Albion, N. Y. 


ANEW method of mining, milling, roasting 
and smelting different kinds of ores has been 
successfully Gemonstrated in Germany, and Is 
now being introduced with unprecedented suc- 
cess. The slow and cumbersome methods here- 
tcfore employed will be discarded, and the cost 
of various oresin treatment or conversion into 
metal, especially Leads. Zine and Silver Ores, 
Nickel, Cobait and Copper, greatly reduced. A)l 
the matter of the latter, which was heretofore 
sent to Germany, is now being refined in the 
United States. THE HARTSFELD GERMAN 
MINING SYNDICATE of NEWPORT, KY. in- 
vites correspondence. (See their advertisement.) 


TO EXCHANGE.—Specimens of Fossil 
Palms, Ferns, Leaves from Coal Mines of N. 
K. Penna for Fossils, Indian Relics or Miner- 
A-M 


STAMPS on Approval.—40 per cent. Commis- 
sion, 50 varieties stamps including Japan 10c, 
100 varieties including Siam 15c, 200 varieties 
including Monaco and Hayti 50c, 7 varieties 
Ecuador unused 10c. MEEKER-TOW E 
STAMP CO., P. O. Box 296, Bridgeport Ct. A38t 

FOR THE Magnifying glass.—Gold mixed 
with black sand under good glass appears large 
as nuggets, sample. postpaid 25c. For any sea 
bird eggs, coins, bank and Confed. bills (value 
20c.) Sent me, I will send good receipt for clean- 
ing finger marks, etc. from surface of eggs. 
Wanted to ex. first-class eggs with data for any 
of the following: Eggs in sets, large field glasses, 
sheet music, short hand instruction books, 
stamp and coin collections. All letters an- 
swered. THOS. STANLEY, Bauner, San 
Diego Co., Calif. 


WANTED.—Small holed, authentic sets not 
disfigured with datas or large numbers; with 
detached data; 1894 collecting preferred, A. O. 
U. No’s 27. 31, 49, 51a, 53, 54, 58, 59, 68, 70, 71, 72, 
74, 75, 80, 106, 117, 118, 119, *20, 120a. 120b, 120c, 
122, 1382. 1383 136, 139, 140, 141, 146, 148, 154, 159, 160, 
164, 167, 184, 186, 193, 194, 195. 196. 197, 198, 199, 203, 
210, 211, 211a, 213, 218, 220, 229. 243, 252, 258, 258a, 
260, 273, 275. 276. 278, 285, 286, 289, 289a, 289b, 293a, 
294, 294a, 295. 300, 305, 332, 336, 358.1, 3887a, 390, 407, 
408, 409, 413, 418a, 420a, 421. 423, 443. 448, 462, 464, 
474c. 474d, 474f, 476, 481, 488a. 489, 490, 494, 508, 511, 
5lla, 517, 529, 529a, 530a. 531, 540a, 540b, 542a, 542b, 
546, 546a, 552, 563a. 567, 573, 581d, 587, 601, 612, 616, 
687, 694, 698, 703, 704. 710. 719a, 721b, 725, 730, 735, 
748, 746, 758, 759b, 760, 761a, 765, 767. 768. Must be 
Aland reasonable. H. B. HOLLIS, Wellesley 
Hills, Mass. > 


164 THE OOLOGIST. 


WHAT am I offered for a folding canvas 
canoe, which is asgood as new. manufacturers 
price thirty-five dollars. G. H. SHERIDAN, 
Highland Ave., Chestnut Hill, Phila.. Pa. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Humminghird’s eggs in 
sets with nest or California Bush Tit’s eggs in 
sets with data. GEO. S. GREENE, 1447 Tem- 
ple St.. Los Angeles, Cal. 


PRINTING PRESS for sale. Excelsior Self 
inker. 5x8. 5 fonts of types. rules, furniture, 
ink, etc., only $12. A.M, EDDY, Albion, N Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE. -I have about $15 worth 
of bird eggs that I will trade for old coinsof U. 
S.,also for sale a Waterbury 5x8 camera for $10. 
Write for particulars. T. M. WRIGHT, JR., 
Troy. Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE. ~— 800 foreign stamps, 700 U. 
S. postmarks. Polyphemus and Cecropia co- 
coons for fine Rugby foot ball or U. S, stamps, 
26 in. ball bearing convertible safety in fair 
condition for $8 cash. cost $45. R. V. N. DAVIS, 
Park St.. Rutland, Vt. 


A ($75) Franklin Typewriter and ($16) Kdison 
Mimeograph nearly new to exchange for good 
safety bicycle or offers or for sale at a bargain. 
R., 15 Pearl St., St. Johnsbury. Vt. 


FOR SALE.—Groved axes, Celts. Pestles 
game-balls, chisels, discoidals, pipes. banner, 
ceremonial and an endless variety of chipped 
implements. flint and jasper. DR. D. B. FREE- 
MAN, 4000 Drexel Boulevard. Chicago, Ils. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Stamp papers. cigarette 
pictures and tobacco tags’ for » ¢yclometer or 
eges in sets with data. W.M. BILLINGS, 727 
University Ave., S. E. Minneapolis, Minn. 


FOR SALE.—First class sets and singles, 
with full data, of Nos. 191.2 8. 5'3 at one half 
Catalogue price. T.ive Chameleons, express- 
age prepaid, two dozenfor $1 H. B. BLAKE- 
MORBE. 280 St. Andrew St., New Orleans, La. 


FOR SALE.—An outfit consisting of Davie’s: 
Nests and Kggs, climbers. blowpipes. drills, 
scissors, tweezers, glass eyes. etc.. value $10.50: 
for best cash offer. D. B. MECORNEY, 164 
Mulberry St.. Lockport, N. Y. 


MUST GO.—Compl-te job printing office. 
cost $200, for sale Cheap or will ex. for good 
horse or high grade bicycle. A chance for some 
one to start a Nat. History paprr. H. STAN- 
TON SAWYER, Garland, Maine. 


TO EXCHANGE —Eggs, stamps. firearms, 
magazines, Wilson’s Am. Ornithology and 
other books for egys, skins and mounted birds, 
or offers. Sets and singles of egps of birds in- 
digenous to this state for otiers. full data. Cor- 
respondence invited, all letters answered. S. 
VAN RENSSELAER. JR., 29 Broadway, N. Y- 
City. 


“Enclosed please tind Money Order for $1.89 for 
which please insert the enelosed advertisement 
in the Oo.ogrsr tor three months beginning with 
Aprilnumber Ad. in this « onths issue has 
proved the value of your paver as an advertising 
medium. and we cannot recommend it to highly 
to advertisers.” Meeker-Towe Stamp Co., Bridge 
port. Conn. 


THE NAUTILUS. 

A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con- 
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils~ 
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W. 
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia... 
Pa Send for sample copy. 


Do not publish my exchange adv. inthe May 
No. of the OOLOGIST as my duplicate fossils are 
all gone. I Could have exchanged a car load if 
IThadthem. H. Myers. Archbald, Pa. 

. Mr. M. had paid for his notice to appear in 
both Apr. and May OoLoGists.—ED. 


_EGGS in Sets toExchange for same. Send 

lists, Alsoaset of type. suitable for Hand 
Printing Press to exchange for eggs. J. H. 
CLARK, 238 Broadway. Paterson, N. J. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—The following sets of 
751 2-5 1-4 with data. Nests at the price of one 
ege. International Scientists’ Directory for 1892 
for other books on Natural History. W. S. 
CRUZAN, Sulphur Springs, Texas. 


TO EXCHANGE.— A first-class pair of nickel 
Plated, ball bearing roller skates in first-class 
condition, cost $7.50 for a pair of Ist Class climb- 
ing irons. A. J. MCCORMICK, 503 S. Olive St., 
Los Angeles.Calif. 


I WOULD like to exchange sets or singles 
with Collectors in other states or countries. 
Send for my list of eggs and sendyours. JAS. 
R. BUNYAN JR., Kendallville. Ind. 


WANT to exchange eggs of this locality for 
those of other localities. L. M COX, Canfield, 
Mahoning Co.. O. 


PETRIFED Moss, Wine specimens. postpaid, 
10, 15 and 25c. Silver or stamps accepted. AR- 
THOR B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, Medina Co., 

AIO, 


AAVE your letters from going to the dead let- 
ter office by getting neatly printed Envel- 
opes. 100 Envelopes, 40c; 100 Letter Heads 40c: 
100 Cards,40c: all for only $l postpaid. Send for 
samples. A. M. EDDY, Albion, N. Y. 


GOING TO BUILD? 
Send for illustrated catalogue. containing: 26) 
handsome designs. FREE. Address SHOPPELL’S: 
MODERN H°uUSsES,63 Broadway, N. Y. J6t 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- 
dia Australba. Africa, +te.. correctly named 
at moderate prices. also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, 

Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W.. Germany 


H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY, 
COLLECTORS, RALEICH, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Kggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. 


Second Hand Books.— We will give at 
all times good exchange fer second-hand copies 
of any book we offer for sale. We desire at once 
good copies of ‘A. O. U, Check-List ” and Baird, 
Brewer and Ridgeway’s ‘‘Hisrory of N. A. Birds” 
—both ‘:‘Land” and ‘Water Birds.” F. H. LAT- 
TIN & Co, Albion N. Y. 


’ © Bnelosed find postal note for $2.90 in payment 
for adv. and also for renewalof my subscription 
to the OoLtocisr. Would say that the last ex. 
notice in your paper brought more answers than 
JT needed. Wm. Rolte, San Bernardino, Calif, 

(\ \\ (Onset Supplies, Taxidermy, 
WN Sy” Catalogue, 2c. C. Il.. CARR, New 


i” London, Wis. 


SEASHELLS, Coral, Minerals, 
Birds’ Eggs. and Skins, Fossils, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


EGGS INSETS. 


Set of 3 Roseate Tern 19c, 5 Green Heron 2c, 5 
Killdeer 39¢, 4 Fia. Gallinule 22c, 4 Downy Wood- 
pecker 4c, 4 W. Meadow lark 22¢. 4 Orchard Or- 
iole 15c, 4 Bullock’s Oriole 2¥c, 5 Baltimore Oriole 
17c. 4 Arkansas Kingbird 15e, 3 Cal. Towhee iéc, 
4 Black-headed Grosbeak 30¢, 2 Night Hawk 46c, 
4 House Finch 13¢c, 4 Arkansas Goldfinch 23c. 6 
sParkman’s Wren, 41c¢, 4 Sennett Thrasher 30c. 

AJl prices are for the full set. 
10¢ extra must be added on orders less than: 50c. 


James P. Babbitt, 
Taunton, Mass. 


IDENTIFICATION! 


“During the past few years we have cheerfully 
sattemapted to 


IDENTIFY ALL SPECIMENS 


.our friends have sent us and this without remun- 
-eration; owing to the fact that we ar? now re- 
ceiving packages by the dozen for this purpose, 
and that ourtime is more than occupied with 
our regular business. in the future we shall be 
obliged TO CHARGE our friends in addition to 
return postage the following 


RATES 


“Single or first Specimen - - = 
For eacu additional Specimen - - 


locts 
5cts 


The above rates for indentifying we think very 
- reasonable We have spent many years in 
_handling and studying specimens of various 
‘kinds, and have on hand avery large stock with 
>which comparison Gan be made. We also have 
‘leading works to use fr reference. The advan: 
\lage of having specimens properly identified is 
‘invaluable to collectors. 

Address, 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N.Y. 


= CAVEATS, TRADE MARKS 
COPYRIGHTS. 


CAN 3 OBTAIN A PATENT? Fora 
Wek answer and an honest opinion, write to 

UNN & CO.. who have had nearly fifty years? 
experience in the patent business. Communicae 
tions strictly confidential. A Handbook of In- 
formation concerning Patents and how to ob- 
tain them sent free. Also a catalogue of mechane 
ical and scientific books sent free. 

Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive 
special notice in the Scientific American. and 
thus are brought widely before the public with- 
out cost to the inventor. This splendid paper, 
issued weekly, elegantly illustrated, has by far the 
largest circulation of any scientific work in the 
world. $3 ayear. Sample copies sent free. 

Building Edition, monthly, $2.50a year. Single 
copies, 2a cents. Every number contains beau- 
tiful plates, in colors, and photographs of new 

ouses. with plans, enabling builders to show the 

test designs and secure contracts. Address 

MUNN & CO., NEW YORE, 361 BROADWAY. 


265 


New Standard Catalogue 
OF 


North A\merican Birds Fges 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. E. Bendire, 
J. Parker Norris, Esq., and 
the late Capt. B. F. Govs. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O, 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species. over one 
hundred of which never appeared On any print- 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogne of any one 
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given. and 
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over 
from 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. ; 

Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00. 


fF. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


Improved Pocket Gun 
or Snip Snap. 


The new improved Pocket Gun requires no 
powder, no caps, is neatJy finished. durable and 
san be carried in the pocket, as it weigns onl 
three ounces. Will shoot shot or bullets wit: 
accuracy and force and with a little practice will 
kill birds on the wing or bring them down from 
the hignest tree. 

Ttis just the thing for taxidermists, as it will 
kill without spoiling the game and makes no 
ceport. 

Sample prepaid 15 cts., 4 for 50 cts. 

Iron trame,. straps of best kind of 
rubber. Send for sample at once and practice on 
the Sparrows. 


F.H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y, 


DATAS in Book Form. We have just issued 
a new lot of the handiest and best article in the 
Data line ever sent out, It consists of 100 of 
our No. 10 Data Blanks with Stub Attachment 
perforated, so as Data can easily be torn from 
stub, nicely and strongly bound in board cov- 
ers (check-book form). When data is torn 
from book, there remains a 2 in. stub, with 
blank for writing the essential part of the data 
—also for writing how, when, to whom, and for 
what disposed. If you wish to copy the Data 
in full, you can do so by writing description on 
back of the stub. If you have once triedasam- 
ple book you will use no other. Sample, 35 cts.; 
3 for $1.00; 10 for $3.00. F. H. LATTIN & Co., 
Albion, N. Y, 


166 THE OOLOGIST. 


Hand Blowpine. 


The Best Blower ever made 
furnishing a strong, steady flow of 
air for Blowing Eggs, Testing 
Minerals, Jewelers’ Solderings, ete. 


ote PRICE $1.50. 06 


Extra Pipes, large or small, 13e. 
Hand Bulbs, 35e. Air Bulb, Ge. 

Give it a trial and you will use no 
other. 

Sent prepaid for 10c. additional. 


Address, 


F. H. Lattin & Co., 
ALBION, N. Y. 


Binds aos are Wanted 


by all Cologists, 


but in securing them, accidents some- 
times happen. 


For Eczema, Piles, Cuts, 


Burns, Bruises, Sores, etc., 
the famous 


Intment 


Kittredge om 


is a wonderful cure. It should be in 
every family for emergencies. 
Warranted the best. Send 15 cents in 
stamps fora box by mail. Address, 
Kittredge Medicine Co., 
ei Albion, N. Y. 


FRANK B. ARMSTRONG, 
TAXIDERMIST, 


AND COLLECTOR AND DEALER IN 


Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Eggs 
in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds 


and Animals. 
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A. 


Orchids! Air-Plants! 


It is not generally known that Orchids and 
Air-Plants grow in the Union, but the past 
winter I found them plentiful in one locality in 
the wilds of Southern Florida. 

Arrangements were made to send themNorth, 
and now I can supply all with these curious and 
beautiful plants at very reasonable figures. 

They will grow when attached to bark, boards, 
brick, stone, the inside of houses, or in the 
ground, requiring no nourishment but light, 
and water occasionally. They may be mailed 
With safety to the most distant part of the 
world. 

Remit one dollar and receive, post-paid. four 
Air-Plants of two species, and three specimens 
of the beautiful Butterfiy Orchid. Mention the 
OoLOGIS®. 


Dr. Morris Gibbs, Kalamazoo, Mich. 


“BIRDS of MICHIGAN” 


By A. J. COOK. 


A list of three hundred and _ thir- 
ty-two (332) birds, 150 pages. 
WELL ILLUSTRATED. 


Profuse notes. Bibliography complete. 


It is in facta work on the Birds of the Great 
Lake Region, and will interest every Ornithol- 
ogist in AmeriCa. 


Price, Postpaid, 75 cents. 
Address 
EF. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 167 


THE OY “oT NOW 
snvavest WY OF (| \ I all’ Book READY. 


THE MAGIC CITY 


To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the OdLO- 
GIst at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen, 
consecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo- 
graphic Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S gr AIR and the 
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mr. J. W.. 
Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been offered to the public. 
They constitute a splendid series of 


Over 300 Views 


In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of 
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance,, 
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and 
among wild and curious races of people. 

More than $50,000 has been expended in the preparation of this truly mag- 
nificent work. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer: 
at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of 
Photographs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and won- 
derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld. 

These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled. 
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and 
from which the best views could be obtained. 

THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho-. 
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautiful oblong volume, 
11x14 inches in size. 


ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT! 


The photographs could not be purchased separately at less than from 8.50 to $1. 
each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly inferior views of this size.. 
Cut out the coupons on the this page and mail them to the oftice of the OdLOGIST, 
with TEN CENTS each in stamps or silver, and you will receive.as many as you: 
may order. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail. 

Coupons for parts Nos. 1 and 2 were printed in January OdLoGistT. Nos. 3 and 
4in February and Nos. } to 16 in March. 


Coupon for Portfolio No. 6 ? 
The OoLoeaist’s Historical Art Series 4 
OF THE 4 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled § 


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Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
OoLoGIST with ten cents in stamps or sil- 
and receive Portfolio No. 6. 


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Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
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ver, and receive Portfolio No. 5. 


: 
: 
‘ 
ee 


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Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
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ver. and receive Portfolio No. 8. 


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OR a oa aa Pe PY Bh Pa BH 


We 
Peal a aC a a BR a oo 


L Vad Pad Bab Ved Tab Vad Vad Dab Dad) 


168 


TAXIZERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cuns* 


Pistols, Gun Cases, Shooting Shot Shells; also 
iriazes tor OPEGIMEN HUNTERS. 
All kinds. all prices trom $.)) to $200. List 


free. Write for Taxidermist’s free list. 

JAMES H. JOHNSTON, 
PITTSBURG, PA. 

Ww Lu 

Hy 

oo 

Sz =e 

fe) n= Send stamp ‘ ; 

O wa for Price List. Q@unWorks, Pittsburgh, Pas 


S E N E S NETS, TENTS, and 
ty SPORTING GOODS, 
Every description of Guns, R2volvers, Ammu- 


nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric- 
es. We have somethirg of interest to you. 


GUNOLEUM. 


Do you own a Gun, Revolver, Rifle or 
Bicycle? Ifso ‘“Gunoleum” is just what you 
want. It is used on all metals to prevent rust. 
It prevents pits in gun barrells. It keeps met- 
als bright and preserves their finish. No Sports- 
man’s outfit complete withoutit. Putupin 


Large Collapsible Tubes, 25c., Postpaid. 
THE CHARLES WILLEY MFC. CO., 


BAY SHORE, L.I.,N.Y., U.S.A. 


SNAP A KLIP_ cco 


on your papers and geta 
s handsome bound Volume 


Trial dozen, 75c. 
wanted. Price-list free. 


H. H. BALLARD, 
162, PITTSFIELD, MASS. 


CHAMELEONS! 


The Greatest Novelty During the 
World’s Fair. 


Thousands of these curious little animals 
were sold during the Exposition. Their curious 
habit of changing color from bright sea green to 
dark brown. and all shades between, made them 
very interesting. Wehavea few fine cabinet 
specimens in alcohol and as long as they last, 
will send prepaid for 25 cents. 


F. H. LATTIN & CO., ALBION, N. Y. 


ASSISTING NATURE. 


Compound Oxygen is nota drug. It does not 
assault or depress nature, but restores her 
weakened forces. It is gentle, pervading, vital- 
izing. If you are suffering from disease, send 
for our book of 2'0 pages, sent free, and learn 
all about this wonderful remedy. Home or 
Office Treatment. Consultation free. 


DRS. STARKEY & PALEN, 
1259 ARCH ST., PHILADELPHIA, PA. 


Agents 


When answering advertisements 
waays mention the “OOLOQCIST,”’ 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Climbing Irons. 


(as- There is 
Searcely a month 
gin the year but 
what a pair of 

ood Climbing 
rons comes handy 
Do not let a low price lure 
you into purchasing an infer- 
ler article. Every time ‘you 
use a cheap pair of irony, it is 
well to remember, that the 
risk you run is a hundred- 
fold greater than with a reli- 
able pair. Our irons are the 
best made and are manufact- 
ured from the best and 
strongest material obtainable. 
‘Lhe straps are wide and made 
fizcm the very best of leather. 
Our climbers are the 
easiest, safest and most 
durable on the mar- 
ket and cannot be 
sold at a living profit 
for less money by any- 
rs one. 

During the past five years we have 
sold hundreds of pairs of climbers, 
hava sent them to nearly every state 
and territory in the Union aud have yet 
to hear of the first dissatisfied purchaser. 

From many testimonials, we select 
the following: 

«The climbers that you sent give entire satisfac 


tion and are well made in every particular.” 
T. V. W., Austin, Ills. 


**Received my climbers all rignt on the 21st of 
jast month. Have deferred writing te you till ~ 
had used them. They are as good a spurasI 
ever tried and I think I am Safe in saying that if 
you buy your spurs of Lattin, you get good ones,” 

J. P. J., Kelton, Pa. 


«All the supplies ordered came duly to hand,all 
Oo. K. Am more than pleased with them all. 
The climping irons are just what I wanted; the 
book of datas is immense and the Naturalist’s 
Guide is well worth the price. 1 wish to compli- 
ment you on your method of packing. The goods 
that I received could hardly have been better 
fixed for transportation. Am more impressed 
with your promptness every time I order; and in 
future, let me say, ii there is anything in your 
line that I need, you may be sure that I shall 
give you thepreference.” 

H.C. O., Shelburne Falls, Mass. 


Our prices are as follows: Strapped, 
ready for use, by express, at purchas. 
er’s expense, $2.50, or prepaid to any 
part of the United States, $3.25. Climb- 
ers without straps by express, $1.50, 
prepaid, $2.00. 

FRANK H. LATTIN, 
ALBION. N. ¥ 


~ THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. NO. 5. 


ALBION, N. Y., MAY, 1894. 


WHOLE No. 103 


My Broadwings of 92 and 93 

‘“‘ Tig-g-e-e-e tig-g-e-e-e’’ was the shrill 
Hawk shriek, that stirred my blood, 
one of the first warm days of April, im 
1892, as I entered a dense belt of timber 
skirting a noisy swollen creek. The 
bird swept by me, close at hand, the 
characteristic markings appearing so 
plainly that though the bird was a 
stranger tome, I readily identified it 
by subsequent mental comparisons of 
this and other birds with the dried skin 
of a specimen killed by me in ’84 but 
neyer identified, my work having lain 
meanwhile in other fields. 

The previous March I had noted, in a 
a burr ,oak wood amid neighboring 
fields, a nest which, in its construction 
and its location, told me that here was 
the work of some other bird than our 
common Cooper’s Hawk. 

May 15th I visited this wood. The 
old nest was vacant but forty rodsaway 
in another burr oak I luckily saw, close 
to the trunk, two-thirds up, and fifteen 
feet from the ground, the bare skeleton 
of a coarse stick nest, with suspicious 
flecks of down clinging to the rough 
bark. A moment found me looking 
into its vacant slovenliness,—adorned 
with naught bnt a delicate spray of pop- 
lar in fresh budding leaf. I turned, 
disgusted, to descend, when that keen, 
characteristic and unique ‘‘Tig-g-e-e-e”’ 
rang out again. May 2ist I reascended 

the tree. Mamma Latissimus sat near 
by shrilly scolding. Two exquisite eggs 
now lay in the rude nest now gaily 
adorned with leafy tinge. 

his vis.set 1: Two eggs, incuba- 
tion one-fifth. Egg 1 rounded, covered 
entirely with lilac spots, the smaller 
end daubed with dark cinnamon, size 
1.8x 1.5. Egg 2, oblong, solidly and ex- 
quisitely marbled with lavender, heav- 


iest at large end where also a few sharp- 
ly accented cinnamon spots appeared, 
size 1.9x1.45. 

“Set. II. Leaving, one mile south of 
Owatcnna, the miry highway leading 
to Bohemia, one dives into the moss be- 
witching woodlands. The wood road 
winds river-ward through mazes of 
black oak and across bits of meadow 
and on through a quagmire bordering 
acreek along which stands primeval 
ashes, oaks and walnuts outposts of a 
dense wood along the run. The nar- 
row road being the only sign of human 
vandalism. Here, in the Spring of ’92, 
the note of a Broad-wing stopped me as 
I was hastening river-ward along the 
wood path, and instantly the bird 
swept past, with wonderful swiftness, 
bearing a twig in her claws. Later in 
the day, at the margin of a field near 
by I saw a pair of the birds copulating, 
the male swooping down upon his mate 
as she rested, lightly in a sapling top. 
Yes, I vainly though repeatedly sought 
the nest—finding two old nests of 
Cooper’s, a frequented lair of Scops, 
but not a sign of my Broad-wings. 

But on May 20, ’93, after avery busy 
day, [hurried my horse and carriage 
down the wood road, just as sun set; 
and behold, at the very edge of the 
wood, in a slender elm, that’ leaned 
over the creek bed, in the first limb 
crotch, 30 feet up, from a fragile nest, I 
saw, half by accident, the tail of a 
Hawk projecting. 

It was the nest of ’92 relined with 
twigs and remarkably neat. The eggs 
are the most delicate in coloring that I 
have ever taken. Incubation zero to 
begun. Egg 1, pointed sub-spherical, 
slightly stippled with bright cinnamon, 
and at the smaller end a marbling of 
the same, size 1.76x 1.42. Egg 2, ovate, 
blotched with lilac inostly at the small 


170 THE OOLOGIST. 


and, cinnamon spots on sides, size 1.76x 
1.42. Egg 3, ovate, scattered lilac 
blotches, a few specks of cinnamon, 
size 1.76x1.48. 

Set. II]. In March of ’93 I saw a 
Broad-wing watching me, _ sitting 
tamely and silently in a black oak 
thicket, north of town, while I wallowed 
through snow drift and grass tangle 
after a pair of Mallards that were fish- 
ing in a woodland marsh. On May 
16th while scouring this spot for Bit- 
tern eggs, I saw the Broad-wing stand- 
ing in the stout, three limbed body 
erotch of a black oak only ten feet up. 
A most rudimentary nest supported a 
single dark egg, which, with its later 
laid lighter colored mate, was taken, 
May 21, from the then completed nest 
of sticks, bark and leafy twigs. 

Incubation begun. Egg 1, rounded 
oval, scattered cinnamon spots, a solid 


striation of same at small end, a few 
spots of darker, size 1.8x1.5. Egg 2, 
rounded oval, uniformerly spotty 


blotched with lilac, small cinnamon 
spots well scattered, size 1.83x1.5. ‘The 
"92 nest was in the densest part of the 
wood, twenty rods away, twelve feet 
up in swamp oak. 

Set 1V. Was taken in Atkin county, 
close to a wood read, forty rods from 
the shore of a beautiful wooded lake, 


ina rock maple, twenty feet up and 


within call of a farm house, was the 
nest. Reported to me by a small boy. 
The nest was large, of twigs, lined with 
bark and yine needles. Two eggs. 
Incubation advanced, May 31, °938. Egg 
1, slightly rounded ovate, small scat- 
tered sub-lilae spots, small blotches of 
dull cinnamon massed at small end, as 
if laid on with dried brush, size 1.9x 
1.65. Egg 2, oval, uniformly clouded 
with vinaceous cinnamon, rather heay- 
ier at small end, size 1.8x1.5. The fe- 
male was seen on the empty nest 24 
hours after. 

Set V. At sunset of the same day, 
May 31st amid the heavy rock ‘maple 


timber on the east side of the same 
Farm Island Lake, I was watching with 
every sense intent for nest-going Wood 
Ducks. Hollow after hollow was vain- 
ly sounded. As darkness began to fall, 
I saw a tell-tale tail projecting from a 
slight stick nest, well set against the 
two foot trunk of a leaning bass wood, 
forty feet up, where the first two slight 
limbs cropped out. Madam left the 
nest quickly, silently. ‘A Cooperd” 
said I. To save me. I could not safely 
raise my head high enough to look into 
the nest there was spur hold and branch- 
let hold, only. A flatness, however. of 
small sticks. Eggs appeared uncolored 
in the twilight. Butlamp light told a. 
different story. Of the three eggs, 
number 1, oval and sharply pointed, 
was covered with very faint, cloudy 
specks of viaceous cinnamon, the large 
end being capped with a circlet of the 
same, and a few darker specks, size 
2.15x1.5. Number 2, pointed oval, was 
marked with a very few vague, livid 
spots, and three or four blotchy spots of 
half obliterated bright cinnamon, size 
2x1.52. Egg 3, pointed oval was spot- 
ted with livid, like No. 2, but with a 
few scattered ‘‘fly specks’? of light 
brown. The large end of the egg was 
capped with a circle of these same ‘‘fly 
specks.’’ very numerous and well de- 
fined, size of egg 2.15x1.51. Incubation 
begun. These eggs were larger than 
the largest Broad-wing eggs noted in 
Davie; yet Broad-wings they certainly 


were. And I went at dawn next day to 
prove it. Rowing rapidly over the 
clear still water my boat speedily 


ground the sand just at day break, 
under shadow of the pines and birches. 
Within three minutes I was standing 
beneath my leaning tree, eying, with 
bated breath, the expressive tail of the 
Hawk that sat motionless upon her 
empty nest. But, in a moment Ztg-q-e- 
e-e and away she darted. Instantly the 
shout of a delighted naturalist echoed 
out and far across the lake. And a 


THE OOLOGIST. 171 


very hungry man was almost before he 
knew it back to ‘‘camp’’ whifting the 
odor of the birch bark that blazed be- 
neath his morning eggs and coffee, back 
with a heart so light that I verily be- 
lieve he would have been to light for 
the earth to hold, had he known what 
finer finds awaited him that day! With 
what condescending complacency did 
he greet John, John the Fisher’s son, 
who drew to shore, a moment later 
than himself, with the big brass kettle 
in his boat well filled with lordly bass 
and pike. 

Set VI. But June 5th found me at 
home; and June 7th found me on the 
spur of a heavily wooded and ravine 
seamed hill, one-fourth of a mile from 
the river, just north of town. There, 
from a fairly large, bark lined nest, 
freshly made, in the very top of a 
white walnut sapling, 20 feet up, I had 
taken in the Spring of 792, an incom- 
plete set of three pale-green eggs of 
Cooper’s Hawk, heavily spotted with 
bright cinnamon; and near this nest I 
had seen and heard a Broad-wing, just 
before starting on my northern trip. 
And to-day June 7th she was on that 
nest; and, while ‘‘“Mamma”’ aired her 
Botany and my small lineel descendant. 
creeping among the dry leaves was 
eramming his stomach with acorns and 
the corms of adder tongue, I lazily 
spurred up the sapling. 

The set of two slightly incubated eggs 
IT found is the only set I have ever 
handled in which one egg was not per- 
ceptibly darker than the others (and the 
only set which I have been foolish 
enough to part with). Egg 1, oval, was 
blotched with lilac, a single cinnamon 
blotch adorning the small end, size 1.95 
x1.5. Egg 2, oval, was beautifully 
marbled with llac at both ends, size 
1.88x 1.45. 

Set VII.. This set brought me by a 
small boy, was taken in a dense _ black- 
oak wood almost within town limits, 
from a typical nest in a small black oak 


tree. Thetwo (much incubated) eggs 
of this set are very small, but very 
strikingly, otherwise, like certain eggs 
of the Kittiwake Gull. All other eggs 
were of a white or grey-white ground 
color, while these were of a greyish- 
drab. Egg1, oval, was covered, all 
over, with large spots of dull cinnamon 
brown, size 1.83x1.48. Egg 2, rounded 
ovate, was blotched and spotted ob- 
scurely with vinaceous cinnamon, heay- 
iest at large end where also a few spots 
of bright cinnamon, size 1.75x1.42. 

Set VIII. This set and sets IX and X 
were taken by my friend Kinney, a 
farmer, and an enthusiastic ‘‘all-round”’ 
naturalist, near wooded lakes, about 
fifteen miles west of Owatonna. Set 
VIII, one egg, May 29. 92, Goose Lake, 
Waseca county, size 2x1.44, long oval, 
clouded with whorl disposed streaks 
and blotches of bright vinaceous cin- 
namon, the blotching being heaviest 
and the color brightest at the small end. 

Set IX. One egg, -incubation slight, 
Woodville, Minn., May 14, ’°93, pointed 
subspherical, white with a few spots and 
clouds of exceedingly faint vinaceous, 
chiefly at small end where, also, a few 
scattered spots of pale cinnamon, size 
1.72x1.43. 

Set X. Two eggs, fresh, Goose Lake, 
May 22, 93. Egg 1, nearly equal ended, 
heavily clouded at one end with dull 
lilac, size 1.75x1.48. Ege two, pointed 
oval, scattered specks of cinnamon and 
a few lilac spots, at the small end a few 
large spots of cinnamon and _ small 
scratchy spots of lilac, size 1.75x1.14. 

In closing, a synopsis may not give 
offense. 

Of the above listed sets, two were of 
three eggs, six of two and two of one, 
(both perhaps incomplete). There are 
three color-types: cinnamon- spotted; 
lilae- blotched; white— with obscure 
speck or cloud markings. Of the twen- 
ty eggs, five are of the cinnamon type; 
eight of the lilac; five of the white, and 
two neutral (abnormal). Where heavy 


172 THE OOLOGIST. 


marks occur they are all at the small 
end. 

There are three form-types, 
shaped; oval; subspherical. 
jority have the rounded form. 

The largest egg measures 2.15x1.51; 
the smallest 1.72x1.43; average 1.83x1.5. 
Most of the sets were complete, pro- 
bably about May 20. Earliest date May 
14th, latest, June 7th (incubation well 
begun). 

The nests were mainly rather rude, 
of medium fine sticks. Most were bark 
lined and leafy-twig adorned. Adven- 
titious down was usually found. The 
nesting situs was, mainly, snug to the 
trunk, seldom higher than the middle 
boughs, normally flattish and laid on 
semi-horizontal branches. mostly on 
comparatively small trees in the denser 
woods and seldom more than twenty- 
five feet up. As to the sites being near 
water, in case of owr birds, it couldn’t 
well have been otherwise. 

Most birds were bold, and _ noisy, 
near the nest. ‘There seemed a tenden- 
cy to cling to the empty cradle, when 
incubaticn had begun. Nests were sel- 
dom reoccupied, but localities were ap- 
parently revisited yearly. With us, the 
Broad-wings love to soar, by day, mak- 
ing the air ring with their cries. -As to 
their food, by dissection, I cannot tell, 
—my geese lay golden eggs. By obser- 
vation, I cannot tell. The everlasting 
number of the exactions of professional 
life sets a rigid bound to the love for 
field study that burns in the heart of the 
enthusiastic naturalist. 

P. B. PEABODY, 
Wilder, Minn. 


pear- 
The ma- 


Wilson’s Snipe. 

To a certain class of western sports- 
men whose hunting grounds lie in the 
immediate vicinity of the cities, spring 
will bring no more welcome bird than 
that familiarly known as the Jack 
Snipe. 


Considering that it is a wading bird 
it finds its way into Minnesota rather 
early: generally following the first few 
fiights of ducks. Often a return of cold 
weather freezes the wet ground to 
which they commonly resort, yet they 
weather it out and manage to obtain 
subsistence. The last of April will find 
them most common just before the 
mass of them move northward. 

Many accounts report them as breed- 
ing north of the State, I know not why, 
for this bird is certainly not an over 
rare nester in the vicinity of Minnea- 
polis. 

That twilight chant, characteristic of 
the breeding season is commonly heard 
over some of the meadows which I am 
accustomed to pass on my journeys in 
pursuit of birds. I have called it a 
chant for want of a better name. It is 
a continual whispering sound made 
while the bird is circling about far up 
over its selected home,and might read- 
ily impress one as being made by the 
wings. Nuttall aptly describes it when 
he likens it to the ‘sound produced by 
quickly and interuptedly blowing into 
the neck of a large bottle” and adds 
that ‘‘this note is probably produced by 
an undulatory motion of air in the 
throat while in the act of whirling flight 
and, appears most distinct,as the Snipe 
descends toward the ground.” My other 
available accounts either say that it is 
made by the wings, or give no theories, 
whatever. 

Dark, misty, or rainy days are some- 
times favorable for this performance, 
and I have even heard it in the middle 
of a bright May afternoon, but it gener- 
ally takes place early in the morning or 
late at evening when darkness shades 
the bird. Your attention cannot but 
be attracted to it should you pass his 
home at nightfall, for it alone breaks 
the silence after the notes of the song- 
sters have died away. 

About eight years ago I frightened a- 
bird up from her nest at the edge of a 


THE OOLOGIST. 173. 


marsh; 1 think it was about the first 
week in May. The nest was in a slight 
hollow un one of those hummocks of 
earth so common at the borders of 
meadows and marshes, and was lined 
with a few grasses, and well concealed 
by arching grasses. A week later a 
second nest was found about a hundred 
yards from the first and exactly resemb- 
ling it in situation and composition. 
It contained four eggs as did the pre- 
eeeding. Three years later Iran across 
another nest which was placed-on a 
rise of ground in a meadow, like the 
others it was well arched over and con- 
tained a lining of grasses. This nest 
contained one egg which was left in 
the hopes of obtaining a set. Afier vis- 
iting it twice more I was obliged to be 
content with three eggs, for the nest 
had been deserted. 

During the heat of the summer we 
see very little of the bird in question, 
for he is busied with the rearing of his 
young and keeps well hidden in the 
grass, but as soon as September comes 
he puts in his appearance. 

Very early last fall while traversing 
a lake in a boat,I caught sight of a fiock 
of waders rising from the floating slime 
that had gathered at the borders. They 
kept very close together, and at every 
turn the white of the under part of the 
wings shone so that I was reminded of 
a flock of scurrying Snow Buntings. At 
nearer approach I found that they 
were a flock of the Wilson’s Snipe, 
which now and then rose and circled 
apparently from no cause. 

They remained about this lake sever- 
al days, and were augmented by other 
flocks, despite the shooting that went 
on when several birds were often killed 
at ashot I have never seen them float- 
ing together like this except upon this 
occasion, though later in the year they 
are found in small groups somewhat 
scattered in the meadows. 

Despite the wealth of larger game in 
this state the gunner finds the Snipe 
an attractive object, and the best mark 


possible on which to test his skill, and 
if he treads the meadows hereabout dur- 
ing latter September or in October he 
is not likely to go unawarded. 

As they rise ahead of one they some- 
times utter a harsh grating ery and sin- 
uate so much for the first few yards of 
their flight that it is hard to hit them, 
though this is not always the case and 
their flight may be even and straight 

The rule has been laid down that they 
always fly against the wind which in 
my experience is not the case. i 

Ihave had the best luck hunting 
them in dry seasons where the retreat- 
ing water of the lakes had left a por- 
tion of the muddy bottom bare, thus 
forming an excellent feeding ground 
where they might probe for the worms, 
insects and small roots which constitute 
their food. 

This bird was known as the English 
Snipe before Wilson pointed out the 
difference between our bird and the 
true English Snipe In Nuttall’s time 
it was called the Alewife bird near ‘the 
Massachusetts coast—its arrival being 
associated with the arrival of the shoals. 
of fish of that name. 

Others say that it was called the. 
Shad Spirit along some parts of the 
New England coast, as that peculiar 
twilight sound proceeded from an un- 
known source and was said to accom- 
pany the northward movement of the 
Shad. At the markets here it is only 
known as the Jack Snipe or simply 
Snipe though most any wader may be 
called a Snipe out of want of another 
name. I have seen a Sand-hill Crane 
hanging up for sale bearing a card 
marked ‘Irish Snipe.” 

The State Zoodlogist’s Report quotes 
someone as being confident that this 
bird winters in South-western Minne- 


sota. In the region about Minneapolis 
an occasional bird may be found linger- 
ing about Some open spring very late 
in the year, but early November sees. 
the majority depart for a warmer cli-. 
mate. H. M. GuiLrorp, 
Minneapolis, Minn. 


174 


SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF ALEXANDER 
WILSON. 


His Last Days. 


G. VROOMAN SMITH. 


x 

Returning from his southwestern trip 
on the 2d of August, 1810, Wilson im- 
mediately applied himself with unre- 
mitting attention to the preparation of 
the third volume of the Ornithology. 
The number of new and undiscovered 
birds which he had found on this trip 
amounted to forty. Enriched with this 
choice stock of new material for his 
work he labored unceasingly to get the 
plates and text prepared for publica- 
tion. His whole energy was exerted in 
unwearied industry to the finishing of 
the magnificent work he had under- 
taken. The remaining volumes ap- 
peared in rapid succession considering 
that he had to do the whole work him- 
self. 

Wilson spent the greater part of the 
years 1811 and 1812 in the genial com- 
pany of his old friend Mr. Bartram, 
under whose hospitable roof he resided. 
This retreat proved to be of inestimable 
value to him. Here, removed from the 
bustle and interruption of the city, he 
was enabled to dispose of his time to 
the best advantage. In the shady re- 
treats of the botanic garden there 
dwelt multitudes of feathered creatures 
whose society was carefully fostered by 
the proprietor. When Wilson became 
wearied by long hours of study he had 
only to step outside and refresh his 
mind by the observation and enjoy- 
ment of these feathered friends. His 
long sojourn at the botanie garden 
did much to improve his health which 
had been considerably impaired by 
over exertion. He made frequent ex- 
cursions to many places in the vicinity 
to obtain additional information for 
the perfecting of his work. Several 


THE OOLOGIST. 


visits were made to the shores of New 
Jersey where much valuable material 
was gathered of the shoré birds which 
inhabited that region in vast numbers. 

Meanwhile his ability as a natural 
artist had become so well known that 
he was chosen a member of the society 
of Artists of the United States. The 
following year he was honored py be- 
ing admitted to the American Phil- 
osophical. Society of Philadelphia. 

The last of those journeys which did 
so much for the cause of science in this 
country was to the eastward. He says 
this trip principally undertaken for the 
purpose of visiting his agents and sub- 
seribers, yet at every point his pen was 
busy and upon his return he found his 
note book to be by no means empty. 
Unfortunately we have no very minute 
account of this tour preserved. 

From New York he proceeded up the 
Hudson River by boat as far as Albany. 
From Albany he journeyed overland to 
Lake Champlain, and up that water- 
way to Burlington, Vt, Thence across 
the state of Vermont to the headwaters 
of the Connecticut River, remaining 
some time exploring the neighborhood 
of the White Mountains. The magnifi- 
cent scenery of this region was con- 
templated with the greatest delight by 
Wilson. On the heights of Mount 
Washington he found a pair of Snow 
Buntings breeding. ‘This find was re- 
garded by him as one of the most valu- 
able and interesting of his ornithologi- 
eal experience as it was tho only 
known instance of this species breed- 
ing within the limits of the United 
States. 

This tour was undertaken just at the 
commencement of the war of 1812, and 
the whole country was plunged into 
feverish excitement. Everywhere Wil- 
son went he saw evidences of it, and 
more especially in the north of New 
England, the frontier region between 
Canada and the United States. 

He relates an interesting adventure 


e - THE OOLOGIST. { 


in which he figured prominently, and 
which goes to show how intensely sus- 
picious the inhabitants were of stran- 
gers. He was at Hanover, N. H. 
where he was considerably engaged in 
exploring the region round about. 
The suspicion of the inhabitants was 
aroused and they consulted together to 
determine his business in those parts. 
After due deliberation they came to the 
conclusion that he was none else than 
a spy from Canada who was exploring 
the country with a view to determine 
the best course by which a military 
foree could be sent from the British 
provinces into New England. Our in- 
nocent traveller was arrested and taken 
before a magistrate with all the form 
due to the capture of an obnoxious in- 
dividual. He was questioned as to the 
nature of his business there, and when 
he informed them that he was no more 
than a spy in the sense of determining 
the course of the migration of innocent 
birds he was promptly dismissed with 
many apologies. 

The seventh volume appeared in the 
spring of 1813. and us soon as it left the 
press he, accompanied by his friend, 
Mr. Ord of Philadelphia, went to Great 
Egg Harbor, where they remained 
nearly four weeks constantly occupied 
in collecting material for the eighth 
volume, which he resolved should, if 
possible, excel the others both in the 
value of its material and the beauty of 
.its embellishments. This sojourn at 
the coast was very profitable to Wilson 
and while there he became the recipi- 
ent of much desired information. Up- 
on his return to Philadelphia he 
plunged into the work of the re- 
maining volumes. Day and night were 
spent in order that he might complete 
the work as soon as possible for he felt 
that his long fatiguing journeys were 
wearing upon his vitality. He was 
_ obliged to rely wholly upon his own 
labor, as those who attempted to assist 
him were either incompetent or annoy- 


3 
ou 


ingly slow. In August, 1813, the 
eighth volume was ready for the press. 

His mind and body had become de- 
biliated by over exertion and its con- 
sequeness early brought on his death. 
The immediate cause of his death was - 
in striking contrast to the romantic life 
he had led. It seems that while one 
day conversing with a friend he saw 
flit by a rare bird, which he had for 
years been desirous of obtaining. He 
hastened in pursuit of the bird and in 
his eagerness to obtain it he indiscreet- 
ly swam across a river, and while he 
captured the object of his pursuit, yet 
the prize proved to be tha cause of his 
untimely death, for the exposure pro- 
duced a severe cold followed by an at- 
tack of the dysentery, the same trouble- 
some disease of his southern journey. 
Ten days later, August 23,1813, the great 
pioneer ornithologist of America ended 
his mortal career having just a few 
weeks previous completed his forty- 
His brother 
formed of his dangerous illness, and 


seventh year. was in- 
reached his bedside a few hours before 
his death. “T found him 
hand; he 


seemed to know me, and that was all.”’ 


He says: 
speechless; I caught his 

Wilson frequently conversed with a 
friend on the subject of death, and it 
was his earnest wish that he might be 
buried where ‘‘the birds might sing 
What a fitting wish 
for one who had spent a lifetime in 


over his grave.” 
their company! It is to be deplored 
that this wish was not known to those 
who were with him in his last moments 
and his remains were laid to rest in the 
cemetery of the Swedish church in 
Southwick, Philadelphia. Erected 
over his grave is an unpretentious 
marble monument bearing the follow- 
ing inscription: 


176 . “THE OOLOGIST. 


THIS MONUMENT 
COVERS THR REMAINS OF 
ALEXANDER WILSON, 
AUTHOR OF THE 
AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGY. 

HE WAS BORN IN RENFREWSHIRE, SCOTLAND, 
ON THE 6TH DAY OF JULY, 1766 
EMIGRATED TO THE UNITED STATES 
IN THE YEAR 1794, 

AND DIED IN PHILADELPHIA, 

OF THE DYSENTERY 
ON THE 23D OF AUGUST, 1813. 
AGED 47. 


It is becoming that we append some 
remarks descriptive of the character of 
this extraordinary personage. In the 
preface of the ninth volume of the Or- 
nithology is a brief sketch of Wilson by 
his close friend Mr. Ord. We know of 
no more fitting description of his per- 
sonal character than that drawn by Mr. 
Ord, and therefore I take pleasure in 
submitting to the indulgent reader this 
gentleman’s candid and discriminating 
account of Wilson’s character. 

“Wilson was possessed with the ni- 
cest sense of honor. In all his dealing 
he was not only serupulously just but 
highly generous. His veneration for 
truth was exemplary. His disposition 
was social and affectionate. His ben- 
evolence was extensive. He was re- 
markably temperate in eating and 
drinking; his love of study and retirg- 
ment preserving him from the con- 
taminating influence of the convivial 
circle. But as no one is perfect, Wil- 
son in a small degree partook of the 
weakness of humanity. He was of the 
genus irritable, and was obstinate in 
opinion. It ever gave him pleasure 
to acknowledge error, when the con- 
viction resulted from his own judg- 
ment alone, but he covld not endure to 
be told of his mistakes. Hence his 
associates had to be sparing of their 
criticisms, through a fear of forfeiting 
his friendship. With almost all his 
friends he had occasionally, arising 
from a collision of opinion, some slight 


misunderstanding, which was soon 
passed over, leaving no disagreeable 
unpression. But an act of disrespect 
he could ill brook, andta wilful injury 
he would seldom forgive. 

“In his person he was of a middle 
stature, of a thin habit of body; his 
cheek-bones projected and his eyes 
though hollow displayed considerable 
vivacity and intellivence; his complex: 


ion was sallow, his mein thoughtful; 


his features were coarse, and there 
was a dash of vulgarity in his physiog- 
nomy, which struck the observer at the 
first view, but which failed to impress 
one on acquaintance. His walk was 
quick when travelling, so much so that 
it was difficult for a companion to keep 
pace with him; but when in the forests, 
in pursuit of birds, he was deliberate 
and attentive—he was, as it were, all 
eyes and all ears.” 

So lived and died a true friend of 
science. Those who are acquainted 
with the incidents of his remarkable 
life cannot but feel a glowing admira- 
tion for this truly exalted character. 
Of all our ornithologists none deserve 
to be remembered with more profound 
respect than does Alexander Wilson. 
The science of ornithology was almost 
unknown in this country till he made 
it memorable. He glorified it and 
made our native birds the envy and 
admiration of the world. He was the 
great sculptor who made America’s 
feathered songsters as famous as the. 
primeval forests in which they dwelt. 
His success was complete, and though 
he did not live to enjoy it, he certainly 
anticipated what has come to pass, 
that his work would always be regard- 
ed as a subject of pride by his adopted 
country and would secure immortal 
honor for him whose name it bears. It 
is fitting to add that he was eminently 
endowed by nature and by art, with 
the qualities of a great naturalist. He 
concentrated his undivided attention 
upon the great purpose of his life. He 


THE OOLOGIST. 177 


entered upon it, not as many are wont 
to do at present, namely, as an amuse- 
ment, but with a deep and determined 
spirit he made it the one great business 
of his life. Atall times he made him- 
self a social companion of his feathered 
friends, he studied them as he would a 
familiar friend. His life was spent in 
the study of their domestic habits in- 
stincts, nidification, migration and seem- 
ed in fact to pry into their very nature, 
and interpret their language and dis- 
positions. Their voice to his trained 
ear was not music but language, and 
instead of dying away upon the ear, it 
went down into his very soul and mov- 
ed him as the voice of a human friend. 
In his description of birds he speaks of 
them as if they were intelligent beings, 
and has thus given a life and charm to 
his descriptions which will make his 
work the chief attraction of ornithologi- 
eal science for years to come. 

When we think of his sad end we 
eannot but deplore his untimely death; 
called away at the age of forty-seven, 
in the very prime of life. Ifhe had 
lived he contempiated preparing a 
similiar work on the quadrupeds of 
North America. 

Of all characters in history none are 
more worthy of emulation for the 
young ornithologist than is this life of 
Wilson’s. All vulgar or selfish consid- 
erations he was purified from by his 
devotion to science. He made his life 
conform to the requirements of a true 
naturalist. His study of ornithology 
was not aS a mere pastime to amass a 
_ large store of specimens, but his, great 
_jife’s end was to cultivate a love for 
pure ornithology. We deplore very 
deeply that there are not more exem- 
plifying his life today. Let us resolve 
to emulate him and by so doing raise 
our beloved science to a higher level 
and place it where our great predeces- 
sor left it. 


THE END. 


very speedy it is serviceable, 


An Inexpensive Boat. 

Every collecting odlogist and ornith- 
ologist is almost sure to have use for a 
boat at some time. Asa suitable craft 
is not always at hand or for other 
reasons, sometimes pecuniary the col- 
lector frequently attempts the construc- 
tion of something in the boat line. 

As most of us ‘‘collecting cranks’’ 
are not blessed with great store of 
earthly treasures it is desirable to re- 
duce the cost to a minimum. 

While the boat constructed after the 
directions below is hardly stylish or 
strong 
and safe and the cost isso little that a 
single season or even a few weeks use 
will repay the builder for all trouble 
and expense incurred. The material 
needed is as follows: 


BILL OF MATERIAL. 


4 Boards, 1 ft. wide, inch thick. 16 
sage Morass, (@) IEC TOSI Wie oobs an ade $ 96 
1 piece timber, 4x6in., 1 ft-long.. 05 


- 5Ibs. 10d nails (@ 4c per liom ne) Apes 20 
10lbs pitch @Atve per lbp 7. 2s 16 
Motalgeeo te cre Bcc $1 36 


The boards may be rough hemlock or 
or pine, and should have no loose. knots 
two of them should have no large knots 
or cracks. 

The boat will have a better appear- 
ance if the boards are dressed but that 
is not esseztial. 

For the sides of the bateau use the 
two clear boards, first cutting them 
down to twelve feet in length. Make a 
mark six inches from the end of one of 
them and saw it across diagonally, this 
is the bow end. 

Mark nine inches down the diagonal 
cut and two feet six inches back from 
the lower end and connect these marks 
by asaw cut. This takes off a long 
wedge shaped piece and makes the up- 
ward curve of the bottom at the bow. 

Mark nine inches down the stem end, 
which is square and two feet along the 
lower edge, sawing off another wedge 


178 


not quite as large as before. This 
curves the bottom up at thestern. Lay- 
ing this board on the one selected for 
the other side it is an easy matter to 
mark and saw it. 

Next saw or hew the four by six 
piece in the shape of a triangle, minus 
the apex. The base of the triangle 
should be five and one-half inches and 
the opposite side should have a width 
of two inches. 

Lay this on one of the side boards at 
the bow, mark the slant of the bottom 
and saw the end of the bow post off. 

Now the sides may be nailed securely 


to this post, bei1.g sure to get them even 


with the two inch face of it. 

Another board should be ripped into 
two pieces one nine inches wide, the 
other three of course, and a piece two 
feet long cut from the nine inch piece. 
A stick or piece of board three feet 
long placed midway of the side boards 
will hold them the proper distance 
apart while bending them till able to 
nail them to the stern board just cut. 

If the boards are wet they will bend 
easier and with less danger of breaking, 
though unless assisted by a second per- 
son the workman will be obliged to use 
a rope or strap to draw them together 
and hold them until they can be nailed. 
Another nine inch piece must be nailed 
across on top of stern and sides form- 
ing the stern seat and holding the sides 
firmly together. Boards may’ now be 
laid across the bottom, marked, sawed 
and nailed on, until the bow is reached. 

Use about four nails in the.end of 
each board and see that the pieces are 
close together, leaving no large cracks. 

Two pieces of the nine inch board 
are saved to use as seats, the remainder 
may be used with the wider pieces in 
making the boat bottom. 

One of these seats should be fitted 
about three feet from the stern and the 
other two feet ahead of the middle. 
The ends should rest on cleats nailed to 
the side boards and the seats firmly 


THE OOLOGIST. 


nailed in placeas they brace the boat 
and prevent the sides from springing. 
A triangular strip should be fitted over 
the bow post, (one of the corners of that 
post, which was ripped off will do) and 
when fastened on extends down over 
the bottom board and covers the ends 
of the side pieces, forming a blunt cut- 
water. Every collector has of course a 
stock of hemp or oakum and the cracks 
between the bottom boards must be 
caulked with these, using a hard wood 
wedge or a dull chisel to drive it into 
the crevices firmly. 

Cotton waste will also answer for 
caulking material. 

If the center brace is removed, seats 
fitted, all cracks and nail holes plugged 
the pitch may be got ready for applica- 
tion. 

This substance. such as is used on 
roots, walls, etc., may be melted in 
some old iron pot until it can be ap- 
plied with a swab. 

It is well first to take an old tin can 
and in sailor parlance ‘‘pay’’ the seams 
with melted pitch, that is pour a thin 
stream of the stuff along the cracks 
where it will penetrate the oakum and 
harden, effectually excluding the water. 
With the swab smear both inside and 
out of the boat bottom and your ‘bateu’ 
is ready for the water. 

Oar locks and oars may be used but 
the collector will find paddles prefer- 
able often as they enable him to face 
the bow. 

As the craft draws but a few inches 
of water it may be used on marshes 
where a shoving pole will be most use- 
ful in propelling it. 

The bateau constructed as above will 
easily carry three or four persons and 
with paint and better lumber is quite as 
good as any boat of similar character 
for pleasure riding, fishing, hunting or 
trapping. 

The cost is so low that if only used 
for one vacation it can be turned adrift 


“or given away with little loss. 


THE OOLOGIST 179 


The material can be procurred al- 
most anywhere, the pitch being most 
difficult to obtain, butit is kept by most 
dealers in building supplies and allship 
chandlers. : 

The brief directions above are modi- 
fied from similar material in Camp 
Lifeand the Tricks of Trapping* by 
Wim. H. Gibson; a book which every 
field collector should possess. 

To build a boat as above described is 
not merely theory, it has been practi- 
cally demonstrated by the writer. 

ALBERT B. FARNHAM, 
Benning, Dist. Columbia. 
* This book can be procurred of the Pub- 


lishers of the OOLOGIST, and will be sent pre- 
pain upon receipt of 51.00. 


A Pair of Bubos at Home. 

With the rapid clearing of the for- 
ests from the smaller water-courses of 
this section, the Great Horned Owl has 
ceased to be abundant and in this lo- 
eality is met with’ only occasionally. I 
know of but one pair residing at pres- 
ent in this township. Their home is 
in a thirty-acre tract of timber border- 
ing the shallow creek two miles west 
of my home town, and they are so 
harried by hunters and crows that life 
must be a burden to them. However, 
food is abundant, for the tract. still 
harbors squirrels and small birds in 
numbers, and therefore I suppose Buwbo 
is content to remain a landmark of 
happier days. 

While tramping over this wooded 
tract last fall, I daily startled one or 
both of these Owls from their morniug 
naps. ‘They see well in daytime, and 
do not appear inconvenienced by the 
light, though their flight among the 
trees is low and uncertain, If they 
are pursued, a bare limb above the 
middle point of a large tree is usually 
selected for a new perch, and the low- 
est point of their flight is just before 
rising to alight in the tree. When quiet 


reigns again, they seek a new retreat, 
either in a hollow tree or among the 
branches of a brushy one, the latter be- 
ing their preference. As evening 
comes on, they leave their resting 
places and fly forth with strong flight 
in wide, irregular circles, shrinking 
from no enemy and fearlessly display- 
ing their powerful rapacious natures. 

For birds that are popularly sup- 
posed to doze during the day, these 
Owls are remarkably wakeful and 
wary. It was a difficult matter to sur- 
prise either of this surviving pair of 
Bubos, and rarely was I allowed to ap- 
proach within shot gun range of them. 
The moment they were flushed, a noisy 
pack of Crows would be in hot pursuit, 
and when the Owls alighted, the Crows 
wouid perch on all sides of the object 
of their disgust some occasionally fly- 
ing quite near and making a feint at- 
tack, to all which demonstrations the 
Owl was supremely indifferent. Any 
movement on the part of the Owl 
would evoke a perfect torrent of out- 
cries and abuse from the Crows.  Fin- 
ally, having exhausted the corvine vo- 
cabulary of epithets and seurrility, and 
becoming tired of deriding that which, 
like Diogenes, would not be derided, 
one by one the Crows would leave the 
spot and seek less stoical victims or less 
noisy amusements. When I entered 
the woods, if I failed to startle him my- 
self, I seldom fviled to locate the par- 
ticular quarters of Buwbo by the noisy 
demonstrations of the Crows. I often 
wished that the Owl would for once 
so far forget his bubal dignity as to 
lose his temper and pounce upon one 
of his tormentors, that I might witness 
the hasty scrambling of the cowardly 
crowd to safe quarters. But Bwbo is 
long suffering and sets us a noble ex 
ample of patient endurance in perse- 
cution. 

Along in January Bubo became 
musically inclined. As the sun sank 
behind the western knoll,at the close of 


180 


the short afternoon, and I tramped my 
weary way homeward in the gathering 
gloom, the big bass voice resounded 
out from the trees with ‘‘%who,—,who, 
who,” the space representing a rest in 
the usual notes, and though far away 
the heavy tones followed me on my 
way. 

On Feb. 17th of this year, I missed 
the pair from the tract of woods, 
though I searched closely for them, as 
I was becoming anxious to inspect the 
domestic arrangements of Mrs. Budo, 
and having been B. Hindtime once in 
my life at least, I had no desire to be 
as unfortunate in this case. On my 
way home, however, I passed through 
a. twenty-acre tract of woods east of 
the first-mentioned and adjoining it, 
hearing the usual Crow racket, and 1 
found my Bubos, which had apparently 
pre-empted and were at home in the 
new claim, though as yet there was no 
evidence of housekeeping. On the fol- 
lowing Saturday, Feb. 24th, I found 
myself in the east timber again looking 
for Bubo. I had crossed a smallcra- 
vine and was ascending the rising 
ground on the opposite side, when Mr- 
Bubo started from the brushy trees 
ahead of me. He flapped silentiy-away, 
though not unobserved by several loit- 
ering Crows, and the usual racket be- 
gan. What interested me, horvever, 
was an old nest in the top of a scrubby 
oak, about thirty feet from the ground, 
and I felt that set number one of the 
season was about to be recorded. 

it was a cold day with six inches of 
snow caked on the ground, I saw that 
the tree was a scratchy one, and I had 
no climbers, but up I  clambered. 
When about half way up I felt a catch 
in my left leg and it refused to come 
up properly. Moreover that nest 

‘didn’t look just right, and Ifelt that it 
was too early for eggs anyway, but I 
kept scratching up and reached the 
nest. It was not empty, but filled to the 
brim with dried leaves. I descended 


THE OOLOGIST. 


as rapidly as the brushy limbs and the 
catch in my leg would admit, with 
bleeding wrists and bruised shins. It 
was a colder day than | had thought. 

J readjusted my wraps and went on 
through the woods. Soon I saw an- 
other old nest in a tree ahead of me, 
and on approaching it, [saw a pair of 
tufts protruding above the uest, and a 
familiar head peering over the edge of 
the ruin, then Mrs. Swubo slightly 
spread her wings over her treasures: 
and crouched lower to await develop- 
ments. A few blows on the trunk of 
the tree sent her flapping away into 
another portion of the woods. There 
was no mistake this time. Here was 
a smooth-barked hickory, with no limb. 
nor prominence for twenty-five feet, 
with the nest set in a crotch eight feet. 
higher. However, I forgot my bleed-. 
ing wrists, my bruised shins, and the 
catch in my leg, threw off my coat, 
and began to reach and pull up the 
smooth trunk. My first efforts carried 
me up to within eight feet of the 
first limb. Then I stuck and with 
each new yeach I failed to gain an inch. 
In fact, I lost several inches. I felt 
that I had reached acerisls. To slide. 
down from that height was ignominy, 
while above me was that which alone. 
could satisfy my longing nature. Mr. 
Editor, you have doubtless been right 
there. I made a final desperate reach, 
clung fast, pulled up, and soon landed 
on the limb below the nest. But why 
prolong a short story? I found two 
beautiful fresh eggs lying about four 
inches apart on the bare twigs of an 
old Hawk’s .nest and thus opened the 
season of ’94. 

The Bubos, disheartened by this dis- 
aster, returned to their forest quarters. 
In the early March evenings I could 
hear the pair discussing their affairs in 
resounding tones. About March 20th I 
faiied to find Mrs. Bubo in company 
with her spouse and he had again ceas- 
ed to display his magnificent voice. 


THE OOLOGIST. 181 


Their new home was in a hollow about 
thirty feet h‘gh in a big cottonwood, 
and in this safe retreat two young 
Bubos will be trained to endure the 
abuse of Crows and to evade the pry- 
ing eyes of collectors. 
P. M. Sittoway, 
Virden, Ill. 


Collecting in a Minnesota Swamp. 

About four miles north of St. Paul 
there is a large swamp, which is a favo- 
rite breeding ground for numerons 
species of water birds, especially Black 
‘Terns and Rails. 

On the 9th of June last season a friend 
and myself started out for this place to 
put in a day’s collecting. On arriving 
there no boats could be found, so we 
were forced to wade up to our waists 
with our clothes on, as the water was 
extremely cold. 

The swamp is surrounded by a patch 
of rushes and cat-tails in which the Yel- 
iow-headed and Red-winged Blackbirds 
breed by the hundreds. ‘The Yellow- 
heads are much more numerous than 
the Red-wings, and, as a rule, make 
their nests considerably higher up in 
the reeds. 

We collected a series of twenty sets, 
which show great variations in shape, 
size and coloration. The nests of the 
Yellow-headed Blackbirds are placed: 
from one to four feet above water and 
strongly woven to the surrounding 
reeds. 

The nests are composed of strips ‘of 
dead reeds and lined with dry grasses. 
Some of the nests were lined with thin 
shavings and excelsior, though where 
they got them I am at loss to know, as 
there are no buildings, that I know of, 
in the vicinity. 

The eggs were usually four in num- 
ber, rarely five, and occasionally three. 

At this date the eggs were well incu- 
bated, the last week in May being the 
best time to procure fresh sets. 


After collecting these we pushed on 
and soon came to aSora Rail’s nest con- 
taining a fresh set of ten. After a half 
an hour’s searching we obtained six 
more sets of Sora’s, three of ten, two of 
eleven and one of fifteen—an unusually 
large one. 

We also optained three sets of Vir- 
ginia Rail’s, all of eight eggs, which is 
the usual number here. The Rail’s 
nests are Simp y a heap of decomposed 
weeds and other vegetable matter, on 
which a heap of small strips of dead 
reeds about two inches in length are 
placed, there is usually a hollow in the 
top cf this about an inch or two deep in 
which the eggs are laid. 

The nests are about three inches 
above water, and the eggs are some- 
times covered with water, which does 
not seem to effect the birds at all, how- 
ever, as the eggs are usually hatched 
out all right notwithstanding this. 

In no case was the parent observed 
on the nest. 

Passing on through the rushes we 
came to an open space, clear of reeds, 
thick with floating vegetable matter. 
Suddenly a large bird flew up to one 
side, in the edge of the reeds, hastening 
there we found a beautiful set of four 
eggs of the American Bittern. Upon 
blowing these proved fresh. 

All at once a cloud of Black Terns 
arose from a patch of floating matter, 
enclosed by a circle of reeds. The 
Terns kept up a terrible fuss and we 
thought they must have young. 

Upon wading over to that side we be- 
gan to search for their nests. We soon 
found and collected a good series of 
sets, the Terns meanwhile keeping up 
a deafening racket, and darting down 
at us and knocking our bats off several 
times. At last their attact began to be 
unpleasant to say the least, and my 
friend at last took out his 22 cal. revol- 
ver and fired several shots into them, 
but this was of no avail and they kept 
it up worse than ever until when we 


182 THE OOLOGIST. , 


had collected all the sets we needed we 
were glad to beata retreat and get 
rid of them. Ihave never found any 
birds so fierce at any one disturbing 
their eggs. except perhaps the Robin. 

The nests of the Terns were flimsey 
affairs, simply half a dozen pieces of 
reeds laid around their three eggs to 
keep them from rolling off the Musk- 
rat houses on which they were laid. 

Upon blowing the eggs they were 
found to be far advanced in incubation, 
and they would have hatched in two or 
three days, 

We then retraced our way through 
the reeds, taking a set of five Least Bit- 
tern, on the way. 

W ALTON MITCHELL, 
St. Paul, Minn. 


>> 


A Collecting Trip in North Dakota. 

During the spring of ’92 I was collect- 
ing specimens in the ornithological line 
in North Dakota. 

I am deeply indebted to Mr. Judd of 
Cando for courtesies extended. Being 
an energetic and _ enthusiastic 
collector and the possessor of a fine 
pair of Bronchos, suffice to say he 
made an agreeable companion. Of the 
different interesting localities visited, I 
will confine my narrative to a trip toand 
from Devil’s Lake which occupied three 
days about the middle of June. As one 
would naturally suppose we got an 
early start leaving Cando before sun- 
rise. Our dog Fritz employed himself 
catching gophers for the first few miles. 
On our right we watch Ring-billed and 
Franklin’s Gulls seeking a breakfast 
on a newly plowed strip of land. Of 
the different species of birds seen I have 
not space to make special mention of 
each. Conspicuous among them how- 
ever were the Chestnut-collared Long- 
spurs with their soaring and ‘‘a la par- 
achute descent’ as Dr. Coues fittingly 
calls it. 

Black Tern and Yellow-headed Black- 


birds were in sight most of the time. 
Baird’s Sparrows were more often heard 
than seen, and each pond and slough 
had its usual quota of Ducks. As we 
neared the Big Coulee we saw a female 
Blue-winged Teal alight in a_ thick 
bunch of grass. Upon investigation a 
set of eight eggs was discovered. At 
Church’s Ferry we made a short stop to 
make inquiries concerning routes, and 
were soon on our way towards Gra- 
ham’s Island as we supposed. I com- 
menced to feel drowsy as the heat of 
the day came on. However I was soon 
awakened from my slumbers by a flut- 
tering on my left. Fritz-had flushed a 
“Pintail Chichen” from her nest. How 
l regreted that I was not the possessor 
of a kodak. 

The dog came to a point and the 
Grouse stood on the defense with head 
lowered and wings half spread. The 
nest, partially hidden Jay between. Our 
collecting boxes soon contained its nine 
chocolate-brown beauties which we 
marked Columbian Sharp-tailed Grouse. 
We soon discovered a small lake sur- 
rounded by bulrushes. As it appeared 
to be a favorable locality we staked out 
the ponies and proceeded to explore it. 
Tl] not go into details. But in the course 
of an hour we had taken two sets of Mal- 
lard eggs one sixteen in number and the 
other fifteen, one set of nine eggs of the 
Gadwall and one set of ten of the Rud- 
dy Duck. Also four sets of Coots eggs 
the largest numbering fourteen, to- 
gether with several sets of Yellow-head- 
ed Blackbirds. We left one set of the 
Pintail Duck that were heavily incu- 
bated and fourteen sets of Coots. We 
proceeded on our way. In _ passing 
over a stretch of land that was strewn 
with boulders we observed many 
Night-hawks setting on the rocks ap- 
parently asleep. They would allow us 
to approach within a few feet before 
flying. As we came up over a slight 
elevation of land we got our first view 
of Devil’s Lake. 


THE OOLOGIST. 183 


We were somewhat astonished to see 
the town of Minnewaukan not far dis- 
tant, and the lake looked as though it 
had lost its grip, about all that could be 
seen wes a good sized mud hole. After 
taking a set of the Swainson’s Hawk 
from a nest in a piece of timber close by 
we once more turned our horses heads 
towards Graham's Island. We followed 
a well worn trail for many miles and 
then turned off into the timber. Here 
we discovered a log cabin with three 
young men in possession. One of them 
conducted me to a well about twenty 
rods away where I refilled our bottles 
and jug. He was anxious to know our 
business so I explained as far as_ pos- 
sible. He said he knew of some Ducks 
nests in trees but did not want me to 
take the eggs, as his ‘‘partner’’? would 
be angry if they were in this way sac- 
rified to the cause of science and then 
perhaps the aforesaid ‘‘partner’’ would 
have less Ducks to slaughter and throw 
away, a very common practice as far as 
I could learn. By the use of a little sil- 
ver | finally persuaded him to point out 
the trees. I expected to find Hooded 
Mergansers, but to my joy they proved 
to be American Golden-eye. both nests 
were in elm trees. One contained ten 
eggs, the other thirteen. The nests 
composed of white down were placed 
within eighteen inches of the opening. 
One nest was within fifteen feet of the 
ground. The other was placed in a 
hollow branch perhaps twenty-five feet. 
IT had quite a hat full of eggs but still 
had room for a set of Parkman's Wren 
that were snugly hidden in an old rub- 
ber boot that hung on the side of the 
eabin. But I did nut take them as the 
‘‘partner’’ was coming to see what de- 
Jayed us. To get rid of an argument 
and save time I passed around the back 

_of the cabin, jumped into the wagon 
-and took French leave. We soon 
reached the end of the island or rather 
peninsula. The only boat there was 
useless so we could not visit the islands 


where the Ring billed Gulls and Com- 
mon Terns nested. Here we camped 
for the night using Buffalo skulls for 
seats and slept under the wagon. f 
will not describe at the present time 
our discomfort, but between the mos- 
quitoes and the preparation to keep 
them away that burned like fire on our 
parboiled skins, between the smoke and 
intense thirst (caused by alkali water) 
and the drenching we received from a 
rain storm during the night. I think 
it will be many a long day before I for- 
get that nights camp on the shore of 
Devil’s Lake. 

The next day’s search rewarded us 
with one set of eight eggs of American- 
Golden-eye. Also one set of Purple 
Martin taken from a hollow in a tree. 
The tree that contained the Duck nest 
had a huge nest of the Red-tailed Hawk 
in which were two young in the down 
and one egg. Our second night's camp 
was on the prairie not far from Grand 
Harbor. The next day we spent most 
of our time at what is locally known as 
Lake Alice. There we found a colony 
of Night Herons. Had we been so 
minded we could have taken hundreds 
of Coot’s eggs around this lake. Sey- 
eral pair of Swainson’s Hawks had 
placed their bulky nests in bushes not 
over six feet from the ground. Some 
one had scraped the eggs out of them 
and broke them except in one instance: 
where we picked up three eggs in a per- 
fect state. A set of Shrike’s eggs com- 
pleted our finds for the day. We 
reached Cando that evening in due: 
time well pleased with our trip and our 
heads full of plans for a Jonger one to 
the Turtle Mountains. 

EDWIN S. BRYANT, 
Phoenix, N. Y. 


Late Nesting. 


It may be of interest to the readers 
of the OoLoGIsT to know that on Octo- 
ber 5, 1898, the nest of an Arizona Gold- 


184 ‘ THE OOLOGIST. 


finch was discovered by the sharp eyes 
of a small boy. 

The nest was situated in the branches 
of a peach tree, about seven feet from 
the ground. When discovered the nest 
contained two eggs of a light blue color 
without markings. 

On October 10th, I again visited the 
nest and found it to contain four eggs. 

The bird and nest were both taken. 
The bird is now mounted upon the 
edge of her nest in my collection. A 
short time after this another boy found 
a nest of the same species with young 
birds in it. E. Dp Lay PALMER, 

San Bernardino, Calif. 


><> —+- 


An Early Find. 


Who would think of looking for the 
nest of our smallest bird in January’ 
Well, January 30th of this year found 
me gazing up into a cypress tree for no 
other purpose than to see the nest of an 
Anna’s Hummingbird and the bird sit- 
ting. JI was soon up the tree but found 
it impossible to look into the nest with- 
out taking it from the limb. This I did 
and it contained only one egg. I was 
undecided whether to replace the nest 
and leave it for a complete set or be 
sure of one. I soon resolved to wait 
for No. 2 and so placed the nest back on 
the limb. 

Next day [returned and the bird was 
there as if she had never been disturbed. 
Going up and finding still only one egg, 
I thought as she had resolved to stick 
by the nest I would give her time to lay 
that second eggs. The next day there 
were two which I took with nest. 

The nest had been used last year and 
was repaired very little for new house- 
keeping. It was fifteen feet from the 
ground on a horizontal limb one-half 
inch in diameter just where there was 
a small twig branching off to the side 
which helped to keep itin place. 

This is the earliest record I have seen 
in the columns of the O6LOGIsT and is 


an unus”’al circumstance as this bird 
will usually desert its nest if disturbed. 
Harry R. PAInTON, 
College Park, Cala. 


The Golden Eagle in Indiana. 


I have been a nunter in different parts 
of this State, and never saw this grand 
bird until Dec. 10th, 1893. 

While hunting in the woods near 
Denver, I had Jaid down my gun, and 
was watching a ground hog. Suddenly 
hearing a noise resembling a large sky 
rocket, as it goes through the air, I 
jumped to my feet and looking up saw 
a large bird coming from above with its 


wings almost closed. It came within 


20 feet of my head, and then sailed off 
and perched on a tree about 100 yards 
away. I went tomy gun and just at 
that moment I heard the same noise 
and again looking up saw another com- 
ing from above like an arrow straight 
at me. He came to the top of the trees 
and then alighted, and I fired both bar- 
rels of my gun at him and wounded 
him badly, but he succeeded in getting 
away, and the other one soared up un- 
til it was only a mere speck in the sky, 
and then left me. These birds : were, I 
think, five or six hundred feet high 
when they started to descend, and they 
came straight down. On the 22d of 
Dec, 1893 a farmer killed one while it 
was fighting a dog over a chicken he 
had caught, aud I bought it of him. It 
measured seyen feet and four inches 
across the wings, I mounted him and 
have it in my collection, and prize him 
above all other specimens. 

I have been a hunter for 50 years,and 
my father has hunted for over 60 years, 
but neither of us ever saw the Golden 
Eagle in this State before. 

GOLF. Birk, 
Denver, Ind. 


THE OOLOGIST 5 185 


THE OOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
euudent of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


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You Are a Judge. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the tenth day of June. 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and tnter- 
esting in this number of OGLOGIST and 
mail tous. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes should 
be awarded. 

We give our Judges five prizes hay- 
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one 
to each of the five whose decisions are 
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes. 


Golden-winged Warbler. 


(Helminthiphilu chrysoptera, LXNN.) 


This handsome little Warbler is quite 
abundant in this section of the State, 
anda number of collectors’ cabinets 
contain them. My cabinet contains 
two sets, one of three and one of four 
eges. 

On May 19, 92, while collecting in a 
low marshy tract of land, I flushed a 
bird from her nest and after some 
searching found it built under a tussock 
of grass. The nest was composed of 
leaves and grass and lined with fine 
vegetable roots. The nest contained 
three eggs of the usual color and were 
slightly incubated, so I have no doubt 
as to their being a full set. 

My second set was taken in the same 
vicinity but was built in a bush one 
foot from the ground. The nest was 
built of the same material and con- 
tained four of the handsomest eggs I 
ever saw The ground color was of a 
creamy white, regularly spotted and 
blotched with umber, chestnut and 
gray, the spots large and distinct. 

The eggs bear the closest resemblance 
to each other of any set of eggs I have 
ever taken. 

T have noticed that this bird is very 
fond of moist and swampy land, coy- 
ered with tussocks of grass and stunted 
bushes and can be found in these places 
throughout the breeding season. 

F. C. HUBBARD, 
Geneva, Ohio. 


>—~—_>-_—< 


My First Set of Pine Siskin’s. 

As I have never written for the Od.- 
oaist, I thought its readers might like 
to know how I collected my first set of 
Pine Siskin. It came about in this 
way. 

A collector friend, Wm. L. Finley, 
used to come to my home Saturdays to 
spend the day collecting. 


186 THE OOLOGIST. 


One Saturday morning, bright and 
early, we shouldered our boxes and 
gun, and with the dog, we started on a 
trip. 

We started down a small stream and 
when we had gone a short distance» 
Will wanted to stop and get something 
out of the box. While he was thus en- 
gaged I began to look among the trees 
for nests. All at once I spied some- 
thing that looked like one, up in a fir 
tree about forty feet from the ground. 

Will, said I, that looks like a nest, 
and he told me to go up and see, so I 
went across the creek and climbed the 
tree and saw a bird on the nest, I scared 
her off and then saw four eggs, but the 
nest was out on a limb about six feet. 

‘ T had Will bring up a box, a piece of 
rope and a sjing shot. When he got up 
where I was, we tied the rope out on 
the limb as far as we could, then we 
fastened it securely to the tree above 


our heads, then began to saw it off, it 


fell across another limb so all we had to 
do was to pull it in and we had the 
prize. 

I then asked Will what .kind it was 
and he said that he dia not know, but 
took out his sling and killed the bird, so 
we were able to tell it wasa Pine Siskin. 

We found many other nests that day, 
but none so rare as the Siskin. ‘Tired 
and weary, we retraced oursteps home- 
ward, and after partaking of a hearty 
lunch, we drew cuts to see which would 
become the owner of the set of Pine 
Siskin’s, I drawing the lucky ‘‘cut,” 
secured the prize. 

Since then I have found a number of 
nests of the same species. 

RAy STRYKER, 
Milwaukee, Oregon. 


An Elevated Killdeer’s Nest. 

While collecting, May 31, 1893, I 
found a nest of Killdeer containing five 
eggs slightly incubated, and situated in 
a corn field, on top of an old stump, 


which was about three inches high, 
Nest, a slight hollow in the rotten 
chips. 
A very unusual occurrence I think. 
J. EK. GRAHAM, 
Waterloo, Ind. 


APRIL CONTEST. 


Highty-four Judges. 


Prize winners and credits received by 
each were as follows: 

1. Scenes from the Life of Alexan- 
der Wilson, 310. 

2. Maryland Birds that Interest the 
Sportsman, 281. 

3. The American Crow, 228. 

4. A Disastrous Season on Pelican 
Island, 135. 

5. Hints about Data and Field Books. 
103. 

‘The Judges’ prizes were awarded as. 
follows: 

1S NOs) TOS IAS Colby, 
Neb. Exact. 

2. No. 16—W. H. Myles, 53 Arkle- 
dun St., Hamilton, Ont. 1, 2, 3, 5, 4. 

3. No. 59—Erle Morton, No. 517 N. 
2d St., Leavenworth, Kans. 1, 2, 3, 5, 4. 

4. No. 75—Fred McAllister, Davison, 


Beatrice, 


IGIGlng es Bay, ak 
5. No. 66—H. L. Heaton, Oberlin, 
Kans? yes 164. b: 


As the following Judges were exactly 
as near the winning articles as Judge. 
No. 66, we awarded each a 5th prize. 

No. 71--Egbert Bagg, Utica, N.Y. 3, 
pei ba ba 

No. 72—L. P. Williams, Redlands, 
Cali ani. 2, Ano: 

The following also named the prize. 
winning articles: 

No. 13—H. T. Van Ostrand, Mass. 

No. 15—R. A.Campbell, N. H. 

No. 22—F. W. Parkhurst, N. Y. 

No. 88—H. A. Washburn, Mass. 

No. 41—B. H. Douglas, Kans. 

No. 42—C. H. Finne, Ark. 

No. 62—R. C. McGregor, Calif. 

All prizes were mailed on May 10th. 


THE OOLOGIST. 187 


INSECT DEPOT. 


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Figures of Importance. 


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name on the wrapper of this OOLOGIST. 
This number denotes the time when 
your subscription expires or has expir- 
ed. 

56 signifies your subscription expired June, 1890 


62 Dec. 
68 xe i ap a June, 1891 
a4 “ fe oe “s IDES! OS 
80 be bs re ne June, 1892 
36 oc GG 0G ce Dec. C3 
92 ms se oF ss June, 1893 
98 AG BS ee at Wace: 
TO ees Gy will expire June, 1894 
110 be oe oe Dec. oe 


We are desirous of straightening our 
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Davie's Nests and Eggs 


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NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Notris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc, by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., 

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This work is descriptive of the Nests and’ Eggs 
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The breeding range of each species Js given, 
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The arrangement of the work is according to 
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right of each species. Throughout the text all 
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and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAI. INuEX Of these is 
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An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi- 
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The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page 
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FREDERICK WARNE & CO., 
3 COOPER UNION, : : NEW YORK. 


sancosas RAIRARD SARIRAS: 5 


TEARIRARIRIEDE f 
2328 Pa 
KROG@?X, <. 
XS 
> rok. 
Ne Monthly. 0S 5Oc. per Year. <y 
VOL. XI. NO. 6. ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1894: Wen NG ibe 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 
for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
‘word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms, cash with order. 

“DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, ¥ 

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-halt list rates. y 

Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges’ only 
‘and according to conditions stated thereon. 


ry 


25 VAR. fine foreigr stamps for every U.S. TO EXCHANGE.—One breeding pen (1 cock 
half cent sent me or 6 var.U.S.. 20 var for every 4 hens) of S.C. W. Leghorns for birds eggs in 
big cent sentme. FRED WETHERINGTON, sets, old coins or offers. Valued at $10. WILL 
722 Harrison St., Paducah, Ky. E. DAMON, Liberty, Mo. 


WANTED:—To exchange about fifteen dol- FOR SALE.—One breech loading fiint lock 
lars’ worth birds eggs in sets and singles, well rifle. Also one Prussian rifle. These are rare 
‘blown, with carefully prepared data, for Ridg- pieces. DAVIS BROS., Diamond, Portage Co., 
Way’s Manual. J. ROWELL NOWLAND, Ohio. 


Cokesbury, South Carolina. 
EXCHANGE. Kerr & Perham Egg tools for 
REVOLVER wanted. Will give one set of first-class eggs in sets with data, stamps, per- 
American Woodcock, 144 and Spotted Sand- iodidcals, etc. Send list. KERR & PERHAM, 
piper, % with data for same. 22 cal. Smith & Sandwich, Ill. 


Wesson preferred. F.C. HUBBARD, Geneva, 
Ohio. FOR EXCHANGE.—Thoroughbred black 


and tan Terrier Puppies from prize winners 
TO EXCHANGE.—Minerals, fossils,land and and of the best blood. Want No.1sets. A. E. 
fresh water shells, animal skulls, and curios- KIBBE, Box 21, Mayville, N. Y. 
ities for same or anything suitable for a public = : = = 
museum. THOS. S. HILL, Knoxville, Ia. CHOICE botanical specimens (identification 
verified by best authorities) given in exchange 
ALL Wisconsin Naturalists and Scientists, for Standard botanical books, good microscope 
no matter in what you are interested, who are OF Cash. Correspondence solicited. R. D. 
in favor of organizing a State Association for ALDERSON, Witch Creek, Cal. 
SEMI IENUE GHEE OPIN Oo We cL LOW DER, J HOREEXOnANGm!=arrune swiss musical 
Beaver Dam. Wis. Pay box, or watches. For gentleman’s safety pneu- 
rt 2 x matic tire bicycle in (poms order. Give full 
“T have receivedin two days twenty-nine an- escription stating make and lowest cash price. 
swers tomy adv. and they are still coming.” WM. LEHR, Bremen, Ind. 


Maan ee ya Bone’, (Ont TO EXCHANGE.-—Setting of eggs from fine 

FOR EXCHANGE.—One complete Roger’s stock of Black Langshans for eggs in sets, 
Scroll saw outfit in good condition. Will ex- Skins, books or cash. Write for particulars. 
change for eggs in sets with data. RAY. W. E. M. DALE, Townshend, Vt. 


CLARKE, Milton, Wis. 
WANTED.—First-class sets with data of the 
WANTED.—A good printing press and outfit, following A.O.U.No’s: 194, 385, 423, 466a, 473, 
must be in good condition. Will pay cash if 474p, 511, 519, 581c, 598, 729, 767. Will exchange 
cheap. Correspondence solicited. HAROLD for above other sets or singles. WALTON 
McLAUGHLIN, Mason City, Iowa. MITCHELL, 534 Summit Ave., St. Paul, Minn. 


whether you have paid your 
Do You Kemember subscription to the Odlogist 


for 1894? If not you have not will doubtless receive the circular letter mailed you. 
We trust you will notice at the bottom of same the Special Offers outlined 
thereon. This is a matter that should have your immediate attention. 
Faithfully Yours, F. H. LATTIN & CO. 


194 


TO EXCHANGE.—Electric fans, 44 H. P. 
110 Volts.and 388 caliber revolver,all new. want 
double breech loader or kodak. L.G. OWEN, 
8606 Sangamon St., So. Englewood, Ill. 


FOR SALE.—Bicycle (Telegram make) paid 
last summer $150. High grade wheel, pneumat- 
ic tire. ball bearing and perfect in every respect 
(29 lbs) will sell cheap for cash or exchange for 
good offer, W.J. PARKES, Box 1731, Green 
Bay, Wis. 


CALIFORNIA EGGS in Ist class original 
sets with data and singles to exchange for sets 
notin my collection. HARRY R. PAINTON, 
College Park, Calif. 


TO EXCHANGE.—$20 worth of second class 
eggs such as Turkey Buzzard, Loon, Ducks, 
all desirable eggs, for detective camera, 
MORSE L. HUME, Dearborn. Mich. 


CHECKING LISTS. justthe thing for use in 
making exchanges. Revised and up.to date, 
20¢ per doz. or 1.25 per hundred. F. H. LAT- 
TIN & CO.. Albion, N. Y. 


FOR SALE.—Rough and smooth coat St. 
Bernard’s Puppie’s. Eleven prize winners on 
pedigree (Ch. Phirlimmon Old Barry and 
others). Write for prices and descriptions. 
CREST CITY ST. BERNARDS KENNELS, 
604 W. Adams St.. Creston, Iowa. 


WANTED.—Correspondence with collectors 
in the north-western states. Want large sets 
of duck, rails, plovers, sandpiper and warblers 
for eggs from this locality. A. H.W. NORTON 
Box 918. San Antonio, Texas. 


FOR SALE.—Birds Eggs collected in North 
Carolina. Sets with data, carefully prepared, 
correctly identified. Fine sets Hooded Warb- 
ler and others. prices reasonable. Send stamp 
for list to, THOS. A. SMITHWICK, Merry Hill, 
Bertie Co., N. C. 


WORLD'S FAIR Souvenir Tickets. We 
have secured a few complete sets of these 
tickets and can offer them to our subscribers at 
low rates. There is ten in theset, consisting of 
Music Tickets, Complimentary, Washington, 
Columbus, Lincoln and Indian tickets, Regular 
Day. Children’s Day, Chicago Day and Manhat- 
tan Day tickets. They resemble both in size and 
engraving the old style ‘‘shinplaster.”” We will 
send them prepaid while they last for $i. F.H. 
LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


FOR SALE.—Columbia Pneumatic Bicycle 
$50, D. B. Breech Loading Shot Gun $5, 22 cal. 
Rifle $2.50, 20 no’s “Outing” I€c yer No.. 40 
sheets stamps 10c per sheet. Fishing Rod and 
Cape #2. FORD HAYWOOD, Gt. Barrington, 

ass.- 


THE attention of Oologists and Ornitholo- 
gists is called toadv. of new directory in an- 
other column. 


A LITERAL Interpretation of Prophecy; or 
what the Bible tells us about the Location of 
Heaven and Hell. And Christ’s first coming as 
a Lamb that has been slain for the remission 
of sin. His Second Coming to be a king and 
the prince OF peace, to confine Satan a thous 
and years and then loose him from his prison 
for a season to deceive the nations of the earth. 
And Christ’s Third Coming to be the Lion of 
the tribe of Judah, to raise the dead, and change 
this world and the air around it to what He 
calls a New Heaven and a New Earth. It is a 
12mo book. 201 pages. price ‘prepaid 75 cents. 
Address all orders to JACOB V. LITTLE, 
Deckertown, Sussex Co., N. J. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


WANTED.—A number of fine Hummer skins: 
any species, also a few skins of Passenger Pig- 
eon. Warbler skinsand other small birds es- 
Reciay desired. F. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, 

Sve 


TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs of this locality for 
those of others, especially want common north--. 
ern and western eggs. Ialso have a few for- 
eign stamps to exchange for eggs. ALFRED 
N, ESTES, Columbia, Tenn. 


TO FXCHANGE.—Send one Ist class set of 
eggs with datas and receive 1 egg drill,20 datas, 
50 foreignstamps and 1 pencil. CLARENCE 
LUTHER. P. O. Box 322, Fayetteville. Ark. 


FOR SALE.—Several first-class sets of Far- 
allone, Cormorant and California Brown Peli- 
can Eggs with data. Cormorants in sets of 3, 
50c and 4. 65c; Pelicans in sets of 3, $1. S. M. 
BARLOW, 2134 Fifth St.. San Diego, Calif. 


CONFEDERATE MONEY.—Twenty dollars 
for fifteen cents. Ten dollars for ten cents. 
Five dollars for seven cents. Guaranteed ori-- 
ginal Confederate Bills, no imitations. ROB- 
ERT E. MAXWELL, Box 1961, South Bend, 
Indiana. 


TO EXCHANGE.—B8ooks. papers, stamps, 
curiosities, minerals and a few eggs, for eggs. 
in setsor minerals, etc. HERBERT DALY, 
511 Babcock St., Eau Claire, Wis. : 


TANNING LIQUOR.—Just arrived, a new 
lot of Tanning Liquor. quart bottle. by express. 
$1.00. F.H. LATTIN & CO.. Albion, N. Y, 


SIMPLE method of removing skin from 
blow-hole in eggs. Directions exchanged for 
sets catalogued at50e. W.J. B. WILLIAMS, 
Holland;Patent, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs of this. 
locality for same of others in sets or singles. 
Send your list and receive mine. Many com- 
mon eggs wanted. CLAUDE H. HALE, 
Gainesville, Texas. 


WANTED.—Second hand standard works on 
Botany or any division of Zoology. will give 
tarantulas. trapdoor spiders and nests, and 
some gcod Cal. bird skins. Write for particul- 
ars. C. E. HUTCHINSON, 2631 Mich. Ave., 
Los Angeles, Calif. 


GAME LAWS of the United States and Can- 
ada for the guidance of Sportsmen and Anglers. 
This little book, 9! pages, should be in the 
hands of every Sportsman and Naturalist. 
Price prepaid 25c. F.H. LATTIN & CO.,: Al- 
bion, \N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE,.—Two doz. superior bass 
flies (beauties) never been taken from cards; 
scroll saw and lathe. just the thing for making 
fancy trays; star safety razor; all in fine con- 
dition. Wantcamera or first-class sets. All 
letters answered. FRED N.. SINCLAIR, 
Skaneateles, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE:—For Ist class Single eggs, 
no common ones wanted: Wood’s Illustrated 
Nat. History. bird skins and eggs in sets with 
data, also unusual aDimal freak in alcohol. 
Address ERNEST H. SHORT, Chili, N. Y. 


COLLECTING TUBES for 10 and 12 bore 
guns. Full outfit $400 which includes Insert- 
ion barrel, 50 shells, box primers and full re- 
loading tools. These we warrant to give en- 
tire Satisfaction for small birds and mammals. 
Cost of loading shells less than one-fifth of reg- 
ular rates. EF. H. LATTIN & CO., Albion, N.Y. 


THE OOLOGIST 


I WiLLexchange Cabinet mineral specimens, 
Indian curiosities for Merchandise. Good 
books, second hand watches and fire arms in 
good condition. Bestof reference given. W. 

F. STONE, Junction, Lemhi Co., Idaho. 


195. 


WANTED:—Columbian stamps of value 
over #1 and $2. Will give iu ex. good Tenn. 
arrow points or agate watch charms and cuff 
DUGLOLS: J. MINCHIN, Fleming, Cayuga Co., 


FOR SALE:—Black-chinned, Rufous, Anna’s 
and Costa’s Hummers’ eggs with nest and data 
for 50cts. a Set. Also Cal. Bush-tits with nest 
and other Cal. eggs at #¢ cat. rates. Eggs in 
sets for Coues’ Key. R. H. ROBERTSON, 
ae of First Ward Store. East Los Angeles, 

alif. 


MERRITT Type Writer, Darlot Hemispheri- 
cal Wide Angle Rectilinear View Lense to ex- 
change for mineral specimens. crystals, gems, 
etc. W. JENKS. Albuquerque, N. M. 


EXCHANGE.—First-class sets of A. O. U. 
No’s 839, 387, 488, 598, 608, 622a, 652 and others, to 
exchange for U.S. and Foreign stamps. 

FRED McAULISTER, Davison, Mich. 


WANTED to Exchange.—Fresh water shells 
of Mich., minerals. ete. for shells of other loc- 
alities. Prefer Unios. All answered. CHARLES 
MILLER,.JR., 216 Jefierson St., Grand Rapids, 
Michigan. - : 


BIRDS EGGS.--Florida birds eggs for sale 
dirt cheap. 10 per cent. discount on orders of 
$3.00 or over and on orders of £5.00 or over will 
throw in someextra set. Send stamp for list. 
F. C. ELLIOT, Tallahassee, Fla. 


FOR SALE.—Book, entitled, ‘‘Plain Home 
Talk and Médical Common Sense.” A book 
for private and considerate reading. Would 
you like to know a!l about the human body in 
disease and health? Contains 1,000 pages, 200 
cuts, 24 col. plates. 200 receipts. Price by mail 
postpaid $2.50. For full particulars concerning 
book write, enclosing stamp. A. B.ROBERTS, 
Weymouth, Medina Co., Ohio. 


SAVE YOUR CHICKENS!—"The gapes” 
completely cured by the Champion Gape-worm 
. Barb”’ which has been thoroughly tested and 
endorsed by successful poultry raisers. It can 
be successfully used by anyone, and saves its 
cost in every chicken operated on. The .prices 
are 10 cents each or a set of three for 2 Cents, 
including one with softer barbs for very young 
chickens. Discounts On large orders. Agents 
wanted and correspondence solicited. JAMES 
P. STABLER & CO., Sandy Spring, Montgom- 
ery Co., Md. 


FOR BOTANISTS:—The new ‘Queen” Plant 
Press, recognized by all as the finest Press ob- 
tainable. It consists of two lattice-work 
frames of standard size, 11% by 16% inches, 
made of strips of well seasoned wood, and put 
together with four cross bars. so as to give 
firmness, and yet some elasticitv when drawn 
together. The frames are held together by 
two straps. these being held in place by small 
guides. A new feature is also added to the 
press, an apparatus whereby the papers. used 
and unused, may be. kept separate. The entire 
Press weighs but 22° ounces (without paper). 
The price complete: absorbent paper, etc., is 
$2.50 by express at purchaser’s expense. F. H 
LATTIN & CO., Albion.:N, Y. 


JUST RECEIVED.—Six of each of the fol- 
lowing, that I will sell as long as they last at 
$1.15 apiece, postpaid. Set of the three for 
$3.00. Made by the Sisseton Indians. Each 
one is one Solid piece of Red Catlinite stone 
very fancifully carved and fine workmanship. 
Horseshoe paper weights, napkin rings on 
stand, dance knives about 10 in. long, 144 in. 
wide. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown, S. D. 


~ out on time. 


BIRDS of PARADISE.—A fine skin of Par- 
adisea augusteé-victore from New Guinea, one 
of the finest of all Paradise Birds, quoted in 
Berlin Journal at 100 Marks ($25). Strictly per- 
fect. $12 takesit. F. H. LATTIN & CO., Al. 
bion, N. Y 


BIRDS EGGS:—Over 100 different species of 
this locality, sets or singles, to exchange for 
eggs, Indian relics, shells and minerals. All 
letters answered. C. R. MOSES, Lake Crystal,. 
Minn. 


FOR ENTOMOLOGISTS: A new Killing 
Can, ‘“‘Canteen”’ style, handy for carrying in 
pocket, It is made of tin, painted black. with 
square piece of glass set in each side. Large 
mouth at one end with cork and small nozzle 
at other, for insertion of poison. A fine screen 
near bottom of bottle prevents poison from 
touching the specimen. By mail postpaid for 
$1.00. F.H. LATTIN & CO.. Albion, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE or will sella collection of 
corals. shells, a few minerals, polished and 
fossil marble (fine) and Jower denominations 
Colmbian stamps; for Coues’ Key. new, and 
sets with full data of Water birds. Hawks and 
Owls, with nests preferred. Loon’'s eggs want- 
ed especially. Singles to exchange for sets. 
Address R. SANFORD, ieee -on-Hndson, 
New York. ‘ 


TO EXCHANGE:--Scroll saw outfit, 1 doz. 
Brewster’s Patent rein holders (fine sellers) 
books ‘of. all’ kinds, by standard authors, 1 doz. 
Family Rights for making “Eureka Labor 
Saving Laundry Soap,” Formulas for making 
the noted mineral waters and Van Stan’s. 
Stratena, corals. minerals and Indian relics. 
FRANK M. HEWLETT, Dresden, Yates Co., 
INg) Mo Ss 


THE *STANDARD” DATAS. Size 3x5.neat- 
ly printed on bond paper with your name and 
address for only 2.00 per 500 or $3.00 per 1000. 
Samples and particulars cheerfully furnished. 
Also have Detective Camera, collection of 
European eggs. a small collection of Birds 
skins and a few books to exchange tor eggs or 
a fine landscape lense. size 64%x10.. Address A. 
MOWBRAY SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis. 


IMPORTANT NOTICE:—On July 10th I will 
issue the first number of our semi-annual Ool- 
ogists and Ornithologists Directory. In order 
to make it perfect, every person interested in 
either or both of the above branches, should 
see that their name is inserted in the book. It 
will be a medium through which coliectors in 
these branches may reach ‘one another and 
therefore it should be complete. Names and 
addresses are inserted free, but it must be un- 
derstood that all whose names are ordered in- 
serted must be interested in one or both bran- 
ches. No books free. Price 4 cents each. You 
need not take a book unless you wish, but then 
it is better fohaveacopy. Exchange notices 
are inserted for 1 cent per word. No notice for 
less than 25 cents. A limited number of adver- 
tisements will be taken at 50 cents per inch; 
$1.50 per page of three inchs.’ We require cash 
in advance for all books, notices or advertise- 
ments. Thereis no humbug about this, We 
mean business and the Directory wil sur “ely be 
It will be a 64 page book, paper 
cover. Sit right down and write us at once as, 
We wish to go to press as soon as possible. Ad- 
dress, H. EUGENE KELLEY, Decoto, Cal. 


196 THE OOLOGIST 


TO EXCHANGE,.—Eg¢gs in this locality for 
-eggs in others. First-class with datas. Send 
_your list and I will send mine. LEE CHAMB- 
ERS, 1215 Buena Vista St., Los Angeles, Calif. 


I AM PLEASED to inform my many friends 
-and patrons that Babbitt’s new auxiliary bar- 
rel or ‘tube’? with extractor is nowready. The 
extractor on tube is worked by extractor on 
gun and ejects the shells to perfection without 
removing tube from barrel of gun. Although 
costing double the price of any extractor on the 
market we shall sell as low as ths lowest. 
Price $2.50. Send for circular. JAMES P. 
BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. 


= 


FOR SALE.—A fine colllection of singles 
containing 344 varieties valued at $121.40 for 
«sale at $24. This,collection includes many rare 
species such as Kites, Swans. Caracara. rare 
Nighthawks, Chuck-will’s-widow. Whip-poor- 
will. rare Gulls Terns, etc. LOUIS WHIT- 
FIELD, Tallahassee, Fla. 


I HAVE the following sets with full datas to 
sell at 44 catalogue rates A. O. U. 51-4, 61-6, 
18a 2-1. 30 1-1. 30a 1-1, 312-1, 321-1, 672-1. 752-1, 
76 1-1, 86 1-1, 106 1-1. 1181-4, 120a 1-4, 191 1-3, 197 

2-4, 199 1-5, “00 3-4 3-5, 201 1-3, 312 1-2 320 1-2, 3251-1, 
~373a 1-4. 387a 1-2, 410 1-3. 420c 1-2, 430 1-2, 448 1-4, 
452 1-4, 477a 2-3 7-4 6-5, 479 2-4, 498 1-3, 500 1-3, 587a 
1-3 593 2-3, 611 2-4. 6 


22 1-7 2-61-5. 703 4-4 2-3. 706 2-4, 
‘718a 1-5, 73115. 767 1-4. LOUIS WHITFIELD, 
Tallahassee, Fla. 


“BIRDS OF A FEATHER flock together.” 
‘The Nidiologist fiocks by itself. There is only 
one of its kindanditis the one. Every wide- 
“awake student or collector of birds and eggs 
“Should take the Nidiologist, the standard popu- 
lar illustrated nionthly of ornithoJogy and ool- 
ogy in America. Do you know that in the last 
-eight numbers of the magazine 39 illustrations, 
mostly beautiful half-tones ranging from a half 
to a page in size, have appeared? Valuable 
notes from the field and humorously told 
stories of collecting adventure appear in each 
issue. Otto Emerson’s article on the water 
birds of Minn., in April number. has three half- 
page half-tones from photos of birds and nests. 
Remarkably interesting, illustrated articles 
are on hand for future numbers. Subscribe 
now. Free exchange notice. Subscription 
-only one dollar per year; sample 10 cents—no 
free copies. Address, NIDIOLOGIST or H. R. 
TAYLOR, Alameda, California. 


STAMPS on Approval.—40 per cent. Commis- 
sion, 50 varieties stamps including Japan 10c, 
100 varieties including Siam 15c, 200 varieties 
including Monaco and Hayti 50c, 7 varieties 
Ecuador unused 10ec. MEEKER-TOW E 
STAMP CO., P. O. Box 296, Bridgeport Ct. A38t 


OF INTEREST to Stamp Collecters.—600 dif- 
ferent cheap sets for sale; for instance 6 Chili 
5c.: 4 Costa Rica 3c.; 6 Ecuador 5c.; 5 Guate- 
mala 5c.; 6 Hong Kong 7c.;7 Japan 5c.; 3 Lib- 
eria 12c.;5 Salvador luc.;8 Samoa, current is- 
sue, 50c. and many others. Send for dull price 
list. W.SELLSCHOPP & CO., 108 Stockton 
St., San Francisco, Cal. A38t 


THREE BARGAINS. 


Packet A is just the thing for beginners, 125 
vaaieties of stamps, including a complete set 
of Sweden and a Popular Album for only 50c. 

A male and female skin of Red-wing black- 
bird and four eggs with data for 50c. 

Packet C is one of uhe best packets ever put 
up, 2U0 varieties of stamps, such as Guatemal- 
an envelopes, Heligo land wrappers and com- 
plete sets of Salvador and Mexico for $1, every- 
thing prepaid and safe delivery guaranieed. 

HENRY BEAUMONT, JR., 
Box 67, Nashville, Tenn. 


The Compound Oxygen Treatment. 


Cures many forms of diseases and debility 
which physicians seldom do more than relieve 
temporarily. If you area sufferer, send im- 
mediately tous for our treatment, or if you 
wish proof, send for our 200 page book, sent 
ine: Home or office treatment. Consulation 
ree. 


DRS. STARKEY & PALEN, 
1529 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa, 


RT YS 


AN IDEAL FAMILY MEDICINE, 
For Indigestion, Biliousnes pT 
Headache, Constipation, Ba 3 
Complexion, Offensive Breath, 

and all disorders of the Stomach, 

Liver and Bowels, 


1) hh) 


=R‘i'P:A:N'S*: TABULES 

act gently yet promptly. Perfect 

digestion follows their use. Sold 

= by druggists or sent by mail. 

1 Price 50 centsa box. Address * 

=RIPANS CHEMICAL CO., 10 Spruce St., N.Y. 


init tin in Sn) 


NIAGARA FALLS. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootocisr visit Niagara annually 
-and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—-and «c7upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
‘magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 


‘EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


It is a well known fact the 


World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is HeapquarTers for 
‘EVERYTHING in the Curio, SpecimEN, Novety or Souvenir line pertain- 


ang to Niagara. 


THE OOLOGIST. 19% 


seeant WOLIA'S Fait Book ssn 


We take pleasure in announcing that we have made arrangements with the- 
publishers of 


THE MAGIC CITY 


To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the OdLo- - 
GIst at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen © 
eonsecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo- 
graphic Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S # AIR and the- 
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mr. J. W. 
Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been offered to the public. 
They constitute a splendid series of 


Over 300 Views 


In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of- 
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance, 
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and 
among wild and curious races of people. 

More than $50,000 has been expended in the preparation of this truly mag- 
nificent work. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer - 
at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of 
Photographs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and won-. 
derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld. 

These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled 
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and 
from which the best views could be obtained. 

THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho- 
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautiful oblong volume, 
11x14 inches in size. 


ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT! 


- The photographs could not be purchased separately at less than from 3.50 to $1... 
each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly inferior views of this size. 
Cut out the coupons on the this page and mail them to the office of the OdLoOGIST, 
with TEN CENTS each in stamps or silver, and you will receive as many as you 
may order. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail. 

Coupons for parts Nos. 1 and 2 were printed in January OédLogist. Nos. 3 and 
4 in February and Nos. 1 to 16 in March. 


Coupon for Portfolio No. 11 
The OoLoaist’s Historical Art Series 
OF THE 


£ Coupon for Portfolio No. 9 
sy 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled 5 
. 
£ 
4 


Y 

The OoLoaist’s Historical Art Series H 
OF THE 

World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled 5 

y 

wo 


THE MACIC CITY THE MAGIC CITY 


Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
OoLoGiIst with ten cents in stamps or sil- 
ver. and receive Portfolio No. 11. 


Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
OOLOGIST with ten cents in stamps or sil- 


» ver, and receive Portfolio No. 9. ‘ 


3 
; 
LS nn a Sn an ee LS Rrarstonk CaaS na ow. ol Spee ORG or [ang = PE ame EOL. 
Coupon for Portfolio No. 102 Coupon for Portfolio No. 12? 


The O6dLoaist’s Historical Art Series The OoLoutst’s Historical Art Series § 
OF THE 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled 5 


THE MACIC CITY 
Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
OOLOGIST with ten cents in stamps or sil- 
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THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. NO. 6. 


Notes from Audubon’s Biography. 


FRED W. PARKHURST. 
Part I. 

John James Audubon, the subject cf 
this sketch, and one of the most thor- 
ough and conscientious naturalists who 
ever lived, was born in the state of 
Louisiana, May 4, 1780. 

Before he had hardly learned to walk 
and prattle those first words so endear- 
ing to parents the productions of Na- 
‘ture, which were so bountifully spread 
‘before him, became his constant com- 
panions; and before his ideas were suf- 
ficiently formed to enable him to esti- 
‘mate the difference between the azure 
tints of the sky and the emerald hues 
‘of the bright foliage, he felt that noth- 
ing less than a life devoted to the con 
stant study of the beautiful and won- 
derful in Nature would content him. 
None but aerial companions suited the 
fancy of the young Audubon. His 
father generally accompanied him on 
his trips to the woods, procuring birds 
and flowers for him with great eager- 
ness,—pointed out the elegant move- 
ments of the former, the softness and 
‘beauty of their plumage, the manifesta- 
tions of their pleasure or sense of dan- 
ger,—and the always perfect forms and 
attire of the latter. His father would 
speak of the migration of the birds, 
their many haunts, and their change of 
livery. This alone was enough to in- 
fluence the mind of Audubon towards 
Nature irresistably, inclined as he was 
by instinet from the cradle. 

As Audubon grew np his wishes took 
form, and these wishes were to possess 
everything which came within the range 
of his vision. He was fervently desir- 
ous of becoming acquainted with Na- 
ture, but the moment a bird was dead, 


ALBION, N. Y., JUNE, 1894. 


WHOLE No. 104 


no matter how beautiful it had been in 
life, the pleasure arising from the pos- 
session of it became blunted. He 
wished to possess all the productions 
of Nature, but he wished life with them. 
This was impossible, and in his disap- 
pointment he turned to his father for 
aid. Quick to appreciate the situation 
he produced a book of illustrations. 
The leaves were turned over eagerly, 
and although what he saw was not 
what he longed for yet it. gave him the 
idea of copying Nature. To Nature he 
went, but was sorely disappointed, 
when, after several years of constant ~ 
effort he found that his productions 
were worse than those which he regard- 
ed as bad in the book given him by his 
father. His pencil gave birth to a fam- 
ily of crippled, ill-formed objects. 
Hundreds upon hundreds of these 
sketches were produced annually, and 
for a long time, at Audubon’s request, 
they made bon-fires of them on the an- 
niversary of his birthday. 

Soon after Audubon went to France 
and studied design under the eminent 
artist David. He returned from Paris 
at the age of seventeen, and from that 
time his drawings assumed aform. On 
his arrival in America he betook him- 
self to the woods with fresh ardor, and 
commenced a collection of drawings, 
which were subsequently published un- 
der the title of the ‘“‘Birds of America.”’ 

In Pennsylvania Audubon’s father 
gave him in his desire to always prove 
a friend to him, a ‘beautiful planta- 
tion,” traversed by a creek called Per- 
kioming. Its fine woodlands, exten- 
sive fields and evergreen-crowned hills 
offered many a subject for his pencil. 
It was here that his study of the birds 
of Amerlea was really commenced. 

In the year 1808 he fell in love with 
and married Lucey Bakewell, and she 


ever proved to be a faithful and loving 
sharer of all his joys and sorrows. 
Soon after his marriage Audubon be- 
came a merchant of Louisville, Ky., but 
the same lack of suecess pursued him 
in this business as in all others which 
he laid his hand to. His heart was in 
the study of Nature, and all other em- 
ployments were drudgery to him, and 
only to be tolerated under the most ex- 
treme circumstances. He would under- 
take long journeys, ransack the woods, 
the lakes, the prairies and the shores of 
the Atlantic. Years were spent away 
from his family, yet he had no object 
in view other than to enjoy the sight of 
Nature in all her varied aspects. Never 
for a moment did he conceive the idea 
of becoming useful to his fellow-men, 
until he accidently formed the acquain- 
tance of the Prince of Musignano in 
Philadelphia. He reached the Quaker 
City on April 5, 1824, and with the ex- 
ception of Dr. Mease, he had scarcely 
a friend in the ewhole city. Audubon 
ealled upon him and showed him some 
of his drawings, and by him was pre- 
sented to the justly celebrated Charles 
Lucian Bonaparte, who in his turn in- 
troduced him to the Natural History 
Society of Philadelphia. But the pat- 
ronage which Audubon so much need- 
ed he was compelled to seek elsewhere. 
From Philadelphia he went to New 
York, where he was received with a 
kindness well suited to elevate his de- 
pressed spirits. From New York he 
ascended the Hudson erossed the Great 
Lakes and sought the solitude of the 
pathless forests. -After the lapse of 
eighteen months Audubon returned to 
his family, who were then in Louisiana. 
He explored every portion of the woods 
around and at last sailed for the Old 
World. 

Before we follow his steps to Europe 
it might be as well to give an idea of 
the true greatness of the work which 
Audubon was striving to accomplish. 
Merely to state that each drawing was 


THE OOLOGIST. 


life size would be a trifle vague. Not 
only were the objects as a whole full 
size, but also every portion of each ob- 
ject. The bill, feet, legs, claws and 
even the very feathers as they project- 
ed one beyond another, were accurate- 
ly measured. The birds in nearly 
every case were killed by Audubon, 
and were; after he had examined their 
motions and habits as much as the case 
admitted, drawn on the spot where 
shot. 

An accident happened to two hun- 
dred of Audubon’s original drawings 
which well nigh put a stop to his re- 
searches in ornithology. Having busi- 
ness in Philadelphia, he left the village 
of Henderson, Ky., where he resided 
for some years, and started out on the 
long journey. Before his departure he 
took all his drawings, placed them 
earefully in a wooden box, and gave 
them in charge of a relative, with in- 
junctions to see that nothing should 
happen to them. After an absence of 
several months he returned to Hender- 
son, and almost immediately inquired 
for his “treasure” as it pleased him to. 
term it. The box was produced and 
opened, but what was his dismay to 
find that a pair of Norway rats had 
taken possession of the whole, and 
among the gnawed bits of paper which 
but a few months before had represent- 
ed nearly a thousand birds, had reared 
a family. The burning heat which in- 
stantly rushed through Audubon’s 
brain was too great to be endured with- 
out affecting his entire nervous system. 
He slept not for nights,and days passed 
in oblivion, until the animal powers 
being recalled into action, through the 
strength of his constitution, he took up 
his gun, note-book and pencils and 
went forth to the woods as if nothing 
had happened. He even felt pleased 
that he now might make much better 
drawings than before; and, ere a period 
not exceeding three years had elapsed, 
his portfolios were filled once more. 

[To be continued.) 


THE OOLOGIST 208 


My Loquacious Pet. 


During the last week of June, ’84 I 
came across a pair of young Blue Jays 
that had fallen out of their nest. Their 
wing feathers were yet too short to as- 
sist in flight, so that I had little diffi- 
eulty in catching them. On reaching 
home I put them in a large cage. They 
hopped about a while and then squat- 
ted down in a corner. On being dis- 
turbed they opened wide their black, 
erow-like beaks, showing their pink 
tongues. They soon learned to know 
me, and would flutter their wings and 
ery for me to cram Mocking Bird food 
into their cavernous mouths. 

In spite of my constant attention one 
died. The other was fed several times 
a day for some weeks and finally learn- 
ed to pick for himself. 

Two mouths later, his wings and tail 
took on a gaudy, blue metallic color, 
banded by narrow stripes of black. 
The dark oval which hung on his neck 
‘like a horse’s collar became glossy 
black. ‘‘Doc’? was now certainly a 
handsome pet. 

Like all other beauties he had a tend- 
ency to be sly ani inischievous, When 
loose in the room he would hide a 
thimble or a button under the _ pin- 
cushion and then seize pin after pin, 
throwing them over his shoulder until 
none but those deeply driven into the 
cushion remained. During all these 
antics, his large crest was ever rising 
and falling in a manner just as expres- 
sive as a horse’s ears. 

If I was reclining on the sofa, Doe 
would fly and nestle close against my 
cheek, and then run his beak between 
my lips. Besides being a loving, af- 
fectionate pet, he was an excellent ball 
player, seldom muffing a cotton pellet, 
swiftly thrown from a distance of eight 
or ten feet. 

These were not his only accomplish- 
ments. His vocal achievements sur- 
passed his athletic feats. With the ex- 


ception of the pretty double whistle or: 
yodle, Doe gave all the notes of the 
wild Jay, including many soft whistles, 
trills and chuckles. 

My playmates announced their ar- 
rival by a peculiar, shrill yell, which 
my pet soon reproduced so accurately 
as to decieve me. Occasionally he 
whistled to the dogs, and then battered 
against the wires in- terror as they 
pranced sheepishly about the cage. 

My grandfather, being a feeble old 
gentleman, was in the habit of calling 
touthe hired man at the barn many 
times during the day. One sultry af- 
ternoon my grandmother became 
alarmed by the incessant calling to the 
hired man She rushed about the 
house in breathless anxiety lest some 
accident had befallen her husband. 
He had been fast asleep on the lounge 
and was not pleasantly impressed to 
be awakened so unceremoniously. As 
they were explaining and discuss ng 
the matter, they heard in the exact re- 
production of my grandfather’s voice, 
Ed-ward! Ed-ward! Ed-ward! Stepping 
softly to the door, my grandmother 
caught Doc in the act of calling. 

Some months later, Doc tried’ to call 
Maggie, but he was never able to say 
anything but Mag-ward, though I used 
to stand by and yell ‘‘ve, ie, Magg-te,’’ 
at the top of my lungs. 

In ’86 my Jay was swapped for some 
pigeons and seventy-five cents. In his 
new home he heard a lady eall her deaf 
husband very loudly, and soon learned 
to yell Henry! Henry! 

Doc’s end was tragic. In former 
days he would kill and eat a mouse, 
but in his new home he met with rats 
instead of mice. One dark and howl- 
ing rainy night the rats made war on 
Doc and slew him in revenge. 

SYLVESTER D. Jupp. 


Now is the best time in the whole- 
year to secure new subscribers for the- 
OG6LOGIST. 


"204 THE OOLOGIST. 


Migration of the Chimney Swift. 

It is often said that one swallow does 
not make a spring, but I feel safe in 
saying that one ‘Chimney Swift’ in a 
locality is fairly conclusive evidence 
that spring has come to stay. This 
bird, often called a Swallow, which it 
resembles in many ways, not infre- 

‘quently appears north of the 40th par- 
allel by April 20th, and it is not unusual 
to have flurries of snow after this date, 
and sometimes several days of dis- 
agreeable weather. However, although 

‘the appearance of the venturesome 
‘‘blue-backed’’ swallow in March is not 

rarely followed by sleighing, and oc- 

‘casioually by good skating, the Swift 
rarely appears till the balmy breezes of 
late April blow, and never while there 
is a particle of frozen ground. 

In my trips to Florida one of my prin- 
‘ciple pleasures lie in taking bird notes, 
-and my return to the north is somewhat 

governed by the movements of the mi- 

-grating birds. When at Palm Beach, 
Lake Worth, Florida I saw the first 

-Swift March 21, 94. This locality lies 
between the 26th and 27th parallels. 

Passing north I did not meet with 
this bird again till March 29th at Micco, 

-on the Indian River, at about 283 degrees 
north latitude. At Sanford, Orange 
-county and Kissimmee, Osceola county 
in the interior, the birds were seen in 
-abundance April seventh. Common at 
Tampa April 8th and evidently nest 
building on the 12th. Abundant at 
Cedar Key, Florida, an island in the 
Gulf of Mexico, April 16th. April 17th 
“the birds were found plentiful at Jack- 
sonville, Florida. 

On the 19th of April I found many 
birds at Savannah, Ga. In Chatta- 
nooga, Tenn., April 25th, the Swifts were 
‘seen, and also in Kentucky the 2\1st. 
Here I found the American Red Bud, 
Cercis canadensis in full bloom, a tree 
~which usually blooms about May 5th to 
10th in Southern Michigan. 


At Cincinnati the Swifts were com- 
mon also at Wilmington, a small place 
N.E. of Cincinnati and in about 394 
degrees north latitude. The birds 
acted at home; as if they had been there 
several days. On April 23d the Swifts 
were found plentiful at Fort Wayne, 
Indiana. 

Reached home, Kalamazoo, Michigan, 
between the 42d and 48d parallel at 
noon April 24, ’94 and though I looked 
carefully for Swifts I failed to find them 
On the 25th a few were seen, and on 
the 26th they appeared plentiful. 

The 8th of May the birds began court- 
ing and two and three males may be 
seen chasing one female. This stage 
lasts for a couple of weeks or more, but 
most of the Swifts are to be seen flying 
in pairs by May 20th, after which date 
they are devoted to nesting. 

MorRIs GIBBS. 


A Day With the Coopers’s Hawks. 


The Cooper’s Hawk* is one of the most ~ 
abundant species in the family in the 
Great Lake Region and it is fair to call 
it second in point of numbers only to 
the Red-shouldered Hawk. ‘This rating 
may not accord with the estimates of 
many ornithologists, but I believe all 
old collectors and careful observers 
will agree with me. Many young col- 
lectors do not know this species, while 
they are quite well_acquainted with the 
two common buzzard hawks. This re- 
sults from the retiring habits of this 
bird, which is rarely observed by the 
ordinary stroller, while the soaring 
Red-tail and noisy Red-shouldered, with 
their conspicious nests are often well 
known. 

This Hawk breeds abundantly in 
Southern Michigan, and many sets of 
eggs are taken by the enthusiastic col- 


* The Cooper’s Hawk is {written of in ‘The 
Raptores of Michigan,’ OoLocisr, April, 1889, 
giving several notes as to nesting habits. 


THE OOLOGIST. 205.. 


lectors in the month of May. ‘The 
earliest full set of eggs was collected 
April 22d, and I believe the latest date 
for a fresh set, first clutch. is May 29th. 
The best time to look for the eggs is 
during the first half of May. 

My friend K. W., who has developed 
into a great climber and collector of 
Hawk’s and Owl’s eggs, invited me to 
go out with him on a trip for Cooper’s 
and knowing his proficiency, from pre- 
vious agreeable trips, I eagerly ac- 
cepted. 

We started one bright morning in the 
second week in May to go over a por- 
tion of his ‘Cooper route.’ A portion 
he ealls it, for the whole circuit is over 
sixty miles, with all its ins and outs and 
could not be well accomplished in less 
than three days. We had been out one 
. day, but it proved rainy and windy and 
the result was only a dozen eggs. 
These circuits he had mapped out for 
years, and has on all possible occasions 
visited the various clumps of woods 
and kept account of the active clatter- 
ing Cooper’s Hawks. In his cross- 
country trips, when he goes for the 
larger Hawk’s nests, it is but little 
trouble to look up the more tardy 
species. In fact, to the true naturalist, 
all of these walks and notes are only in 
the nature of labors of love. 

Away we went with a dash, behind 
his fast stepper, and made nearly four 
miles without a pause, where K. handed 
me the reins and began buckling on his 
climbing irons, while the mare was 
still making good time. 

Reaching an oak grove at the side of 
the road, he leaped out, climbed the 
fence and disappeared in a few seconds. 
In less than five minutes he returned to 
the carriage with four fresh eggs. In- 
side of thirty seconds the eggs were 
packed and we were dashing on to 
another quarter, while my companion 
explained that the nest just visited was 
only 22 feet up in a white oak and less 
than ten rods from the highway. He 


said the nests were usually built in 
white oaks, but that he had found them 
in black oak, hickory, beech, maple and 
ash. 

After a mile’s trot my companion left 
me and struck across a field to an iso- 
lated patch of dense oak woods, where - 
he had located a prospective set the 
previous week. The birds however- 
still proved dilatory. After this exam- 
ination he cut across lots to another 
piece, motioning me to drive on down 
the road. In this way he visited sever- 
al groves, and travelled all of two 
miles, and I kept track of him and was 
guided by a wave of his hand as to my 
route. On his return he showed a fine 
set of fresh eggs, and reported seeing 
five nests, four of which he inspected 
by the aid of his climbing irons. In 
one nest there was a single egg, which 
of course he left. 

The Cooper’s Hawk often builds in 
proximity toa barn yard and seldom 
far removed from the habitation of 
man in this,region. Very often a pair 
is found nesting in a small patch of 
trees within a hundred yards of a barn 
and I know of one nest which was built 
within half of that distance of a house. 
However, if one does not keep his eyes 
and ears’on the alert, nothing will be 
known of the presence of this bird, and 
much less of its nest. 

This is the most destructive Hawk to 
to the chicken yard, and the agricultur- 
ist is well aware of it, and is always on 
the lookout for ‘them tarnal blue-backed 
chicken hawks,’ as he calls them. But- 
at the same time that he is heaping 
maledictions on this bird, and loading 
his musket with a charge which would 
fix a bear, the swift flying Cooper’s is. 
nesting in safety less than a hundred. 
rods away in the same piece of wood 
where it has nested for many years. 

As the horse wended his way over the 
road to the next likely spot K. told me 
that the nests which he had just visited 
were respectively 45, 40 and 35 feet. 


206 THE OOLOGIST. 


from the ground. ‘‘The highest nest 
which I ever found” said he, ‘‘was 60 
feet up in an ash tree and the one near- 
est the ground was at only 15 feet ele- 
vation in a white oak and the average 
is about 35 feet. The nests do not aver- 
age as high as the nests of the Buzzard 
Hawks and are not as easily found as 
they are. The only way thatI can ac- 
count for the lower catalogue price of 
Cooper’s Hawk’s eggs is because this 
species nests in trees easier to ascend 
and the number of eggs in the sets is 
larger. For the nests are certainty 
much more difficult to find than the 
Buteo’s nests. In fact, if one takes into 
account the large number of old squir- 
yel’s nests which are climbed to by inex- 
perienced, collectors, then the actual 
work for the average set of blue-back 
hawk’s eggs is fully equal to that of any 
other species which nests in Michigan. 

“It is very foolish to climb to any 
Hawk’s nest until one knows that the 
birds have been about it for the season, 
and I rarely spend time on a nest unless 
I see or hear the birds in the vicinity. 
It is unusual to find two pairs of Hawks 
of one species occupying one patch of 
woods at a time. So when I see a 
Cooper about, I run through a grove, 
pick out the most likely nest, and if it 
is proper time for them, I climb the 
tree. One can judge by the sticks on 
the grounds under the nest as to the 
progress made, for all Hawks drop ma- 
terial in nest construction. 

“JT rarely have to climb to a Hawk’s 
nest more than twice for the eggs and 
if J am much in the woods and have a 
chance to observe fully, then one as- 
cent is usually sufficient. Taking all 
the species of Hawks here, and the act- 
ual number of climbs made, I believe 
that the ascents will average me nearly 
or quite two eggs, while some inexper- 
ienced collectors whom I have met, 
will climb a dozen trees to get a single 
set of eggs. Everything depends on 
observation, and to successfully visit 


Hawk’s nests is aS much a subject of 
study as the hunter’s love which enables 
him to secure game where the green- 
horn will fail.”’ 

We now reached a large woods, and 
as the fence was down we drove in 
by a meandering old wood road. The 
pleasure was accorded me of witnessing 
my friend make an ascent to a nest. 
The old bird was seen to leave the nest 
and was heard clacking as she flew 
about. From the momexrt that K. left 
the carriage until he returned with the 
set of five eggs, it took him just four 
minutes and twenty-seven seconds. It 
was a beautiful set, unusually blue, and 
with numerous small spots of brown. 

It was now past the noon hour and 
visiting a farmer’s house where we pro- 
cured some milk, we ate our lunch 
and continued our search. Passing 
near a heavy oak woods we saw a Red- 
tailed Hawk perched near a nest in a 
large white oak, and K. climbed to the 
nest. more as a matter of curiosity than 
with hopes, as he had robbed the same 
over five weeks previously. He found 
a young bird and an addled egg. 

“Ordinarily it does not pay to spend 
time on any nests except the one spe- 
cies which you are in search of. The 
collector who goes out with an idea of 
general collection usually fails, as does 
the amateur gunner who sets out with 
the intention of shooting a variety of 
game. If one is collecting Cooper’s 
Hawk’s eggs, thats enough for one trip, 
and to do well no attention should be 
given to any thing else.”’ 

In the course of a mile we came to a 
dense piece of woodland where the 
smaller trees and underbrush grew 
very thickly about and made walking 
almost impossible. Here we found a 
nest in a small black oak at not over 
twenty feet from the ground. ina very 
dense part of the wood. Any boy 
could have climbed that tree in two 
minutes, but very few amateur odlo- 
gist’s would have thought of looking in 


THE OOLOGIST. 


this situation fora Hawk’s nest. My 
friend had heard the clacking notes 
near by and had reasoned that the nest 
must be inthe patch. Three eggs were 
in this set, which, though not a com- 
plement, were taken. 

A mile further on a nest was visited 
,which was built in a tall spindling 
beech. It exactly resembled one of 
' those squirrel’s nests we so often see in 
the woods, and wculd not have tempt- 
ed any one not familiar with the bird’s 
ways. 

This article will overtax your readers 
so I will bring it to a close. During 
the day my companion secured twenty- 
nine Cooper’s Hawk’s eggs, all of which 
were in excellent shape for an addition 
to his perfect collection. Four of them 
were given to the writer of this article, 
who will sign himself as an 

OLD TIMER. 


Some Winter Bird-Life. 

A winter tramp, on a sunny day, is 
not so bad, after all, if one is dressed 
warm but light. To slip on the leggins 
and shootizg coat, with its assortment 
of shells in their respective pockets, 
shoulder the twelve guage and leaving 
the town and its millions of Sparrows, 
walk up the valley along the creek into 
and through the the woods and groves, 
and visit the springs where it is well to 
see that the gun is not loaded with dust 
shot, and to be ready for a pair of Fish 
Ducks (Hooded), or perhaps a small 
flock of that greatest of all Ducks, the 
Mallard for here, where it rarely, if 
ever, freezes, is where we will tind the 
first two on my list of winter birds. Of 
course neither are as abundant during 
the coldest winter months as in other 
parts of the year, but occasionally you 
will strike them and one Mallard in 
December is worth a half dozen Black- 
heads or other Duck during the best of 
the fall shooting. 

Here, at the spring, we will probably 


= 


207 


see Chickadee too, that gay little black- 
capped fellow who comes into our 
yards and around our door on the 
coldest January mornings, with his 
merry chick-a-dee-dee. begging for 
crumbs. His near relative, the White- 
breasted Nuthatch, another hardy resi- 
dent of our northern states, will prob- 
ably be found not far away. His 
queer note, the quank, quank, can be 
heard a great distance in the sharp 
morning air and sometimes we make 
quite a long walk before we come up 
to him, scrambling up and down some 
large forest tree, over the limbs and 
under them,—no Woodpecker ean rival 
him in this, his method of. breakfast 
hunting 

As we turn to leave the spring a loud 
caw, caw, caw suddenly attracts our 
attention upward, and there, over the 
grove to’our right, flying in a bee line 
for somewhere, and probably knowing 
exactly where he is bound for, is a sin- 
gle Crow, no, not single for there, over 
the trees, another one appears, two 
more, and another, all filing after the 
leader. Nouse to dodge down now, 
they see you already and turn up and 
to the left, far out of range of the gun. 
To capture a Crow this time of year re- 
quires much patience, and you can 
rarely do it by hiding as they appear, 
coming your way, they always turn out. 
I have laid in wait in a corn field in the 
late fall, when the youngsters had 
grown as wild and wary as their par- 
ents, for a full hour, before I got a shot 
at one, and before I came they were 
flying continually over my hiding place. 
After 1 was there, however, they 
seemed to ‘smell a rat” and always 
turned out forme. Finally though, an 
extra large single bird—you have pro- 
bably noticed that single birds are al- 
ways more easily deceived than flocks 
—came flying directly over me and paid 
the penalty for his carelessness by re- 
ceiving my charge of seven, full force, 
and his shiny black skin now lies on its 


208 


back in my cabinet, and I never look 
into that particular tray without think- 
ing how hard earned a Crow that was for 
such an abundant species. In the sum- 
mer and early fall, however, Crows are 
quite easily secured, but are not in as 
nice condition for specimens as_ the 
harder procurred winter ones. 

We will now turn, up into that grove 
from whence we hear the continued 
tap-tap-tap-ety-tap, of some small Wood- 
pecker—either a Downy or Hairy prob- 
bably, as these are the only common 
ones in the winter. After acareful and 
quiet search we discover the particular 
tree where the little spotted tree-climb- 
er is at work for his breakfast. He is 
on the other side of that limb, we will 
walk around and get a good look at 
him but where is he—oh yes, he is try- 
ing to keep well out of sight by follow- 
ing that limb around as fast as we 
walk. There he goes, in a short quick, 
upward flight into the top of the second 
or third tree, a Downy, as his small size 
tells. 

As we emerge from the edge of the 
grove a large flock of probably a hun- 
dred Prairie Chickens make quick work 
of leaving the two or three large, bare- 
limbed oaks on the very edge of the 
tield. and in quick flight, make for the 
direction of the marsh. We _ walk 
across the open field toward the large 
woods, where we will tind different 
birds of the winter. As we near the 
old rail fence from whence comes the 
familiar chip, chip of the Tree Sparrow 
or “Winter Chip Bird,’ a large fat rab- 
bit jumps out and in long, quick leaps 
makes for the better cover of the hazel 
patch, but he is not quick enough, for 
just as he nears the hazel, two more 
leaps would make him safe, the gun is 
on him, hastily pulled ahead and fired 
and with a full somersault bunny lies at 
the edge of the cover, your lawful 
meat. The report of the gun scares a 
large Hawk from the edge of the wood 
but he makes rather quick work in get- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ting out of harms way, and as the left. 
barrel is charged with dust—'tis al- 
ways so—he makes good his escape 
with his skin whole. 

We enter the wood; fox and gray 
squirrels are seen peeping at us from 
around some limb or scampering away 
out of harms reach, but we will not 
shoot squirrels—they are not fit game 
for a hunter’s gun. A dozen Blue Jays — 
and half as many Crows are making a 
fearful racket a little ways ahead, let 
us push on and see what the matter is. 
On our approach the Crows abandon 
the field for safer piaces and the Jays 
scatter in all directions, but if we sit 
quite still in the hazel brush the latter 
are soon back and we discover the 
cause of all this disturbance. A large 
Barred Owl, poor fellow, is the target 
for all this bird-cursing on the Jays. 
part, for I have no doubt but that they 
were calling him every name in bird 
language. He does not, however, 
seem to mind it, hardly moving an inch 
as a couple screeching Jays swoop past 
his head. Finally, though, he seems to: 
tire of the noise and persecution and 
with a silent flopping of wings is off for 
the thicker part of the wood. 

A few steps farther on, and, with a 
loud whirr of wings a Ruffed Grouse— 
locally called Partridge—rises from the 
sunny side of a stump and in rapid, 
rising flight-makes for some sheltering 
tree over the hill. Now look out, where 
there is:one Partridge there are prob- 
ably more. Another step or two 
abead and from the branches of a low 
tree directly in front of you another 
one flies, a pity you couldn’t have seen 
him a minute before, but such is Grouse 
hunting. You hardly make another 
step forward before the whole covey 
rises, six or eight of them and if you 
are quick and true enough perhaps you 
bag one or two, but more likely not! A 
Ruffed Grouse is a quick bird in the 
cold winter months and hard to get a 
bead on. If we follow the covey up 


THE OOLOGIST. 


we will, nine chances out of ten, find 
them hugging the limbs of the trees. 
just over the hill-top ahead, but with- 
out a dog it is almost impossible to dis- 
cover which tree or limb before they 
are off and gone. 

If we keep on into the wood we will 
probably meet with that bold chicken 
thief the resident Great Horned Owl, 
or perhaps if it has been cold enough 
the past week or two, a specimen of 
the rare winter visitant, the Snowy or 
White Owl. A Hawk or perhaps an 
Eagle, soars gracefully far above us, as 
we take our lunch on the sunny side of 
the wood and watch the Crows file 
across the fields,and listen to the merry 
note of the Chickadee, as he comes up 
closer and closer as if he wanted to get 
acquainted. 

We turn and cross the creek, where 
a musk rat quickly makes a plunge wun- 
der the ice at our approach, and a lit- 
tle ways farther down pause at an open 
spot to watch shiners, chub or dace as 
they sport in the icy creek and think 
we will remember this stream for some 
good hait, when black bass catching be- 
gins again next June. 

he sun has nearly gone down and 
the birds have entirely disappeared, as 
we reenter the grove on our homeward 


tramp. Nota chick-a-dee-dee, quank or 
tap of the little spotted Woodpecker is 
heard, they have all sought their night- 
ly resting places, the three species last 
mentioned of probably in some hollow 
tree or old Flicker’s nest. 

As we enter the vil lage a loud ¢trvil 
greets our ears and lets us know that 
our good friend, the little Screech 
Owl has begun his nightly raid on the 
English Sparrow in the thick evergreens 
and hedges. May he grow fat on their 
worthless little bodies. 

N. HOLLISTER, 


Delevan, Wis. 


209 


The Whip-poor-will. 
(Anirostomus vociferus.) 

Bordering the valley of the Kaw, on 
either side for a distance of some forty 
miles westward from the mouth of the 
river, are continuous ranges of low 
hills broken by numberless little val- 
leys. 

These rough, untillable tracts of land, 
covered with a serubby growth of 
Black Jack and Post oak, interspersed 
frequently with dense thickets of sap- 
lings and underbrush, afford a compar- 
atively safe retreat for those birds 
which haunt the native woodlands. 
It is in these hills that I have spent the 
greater portion of my years and it is 
here that I have learned to know the 
subject of this sketch. 

Securely hidden during the light of 
day, in his secret abode, the Whip-poor- 
will waits until all the members of the 
‘eathered tribe, with few exceptions, 
settle down to quiet and repose before 
he comes out to help the Owl relieve 
the monotonous quiet of the summer 
night. Rapidly like a faint shadow he 
darts this way and that pursuing his 
favorite prey. Shrouded by the friend- 
ly darkness, he intrudes boldly in the 
very habitation of man, and mocks all 
attempts to spy him out. 

How often in my boyhood days have 
I been stariled and even momentarily 
frightened by the shrill piercing words, 
‘Whip - poor - will, Whip- poor- will.’ 
How unearthly these sounds seemed to: 
me then, yet how much have I since: 
learned to love them and to look for- 
ward eagerly in the spring time for 
their first clear tones. Had I felt the 
fascination of odlogy durlng those early 
days I might have had a long series of 
‘‘No. 417” on my list for many a time 
have I pursued a fluttering bird 
through brush and saplings, entirely 
oblivious of the the two precious beau- 
ties which lay almost in my path. But 
it is not my province to lament lost op- 


210 


portunities but to treat of what actual- 
ly came into my possession. 

When I received my first ‘‘check-list” 
after the awakening of my interest in 
od ogy I quickly saw that I had passed 
during my rambles many a precious 
egg and resolved to make up for lost 
time. 

Early in April of the following spring 
I started with spurs and bucket to 
search for eggs of the Turkey Vulture. 
I was passing through a dense thicket 
of post oak when I was surprised by a 
bird’s starting up at my feet and yiti- 
fully dragging herself with flapping 
wings through the underbrush.  In- 
stantly, I recognized the Whip-poor- 
will. Looking carefully, I soon dis- 
covered two eggs lying on a thick bed 
of leaves. I forgot all about Turkey 
Vultures, and turning, returned home. 
The eggs were typical of the species— 
elliptical in shape—of a creamy white 
ground color spotted evenly with lav- 
ender and lilac. They were perfectly 
fresh. 

In the latter part of May I located 
another nest containing one egg, and 
carefully noted its position. Returning 
in a couple of days later, expecting to 
find the set cumplete, I could tind no 
trace of either egg or bird although I 
searched most thoroughly. This puz- 
zled me greatly at the time but I have 
learned since that the bird often moves 
her eggs or even young when her home 
is disturbed. I have never had the for- 
tune to see a bird removing her house- 
hold treasures, but it is said she takes 
them in her capacious mouth in order 
to perform the feat. 

My unceasing efforts found no fur- 
ther reward in the Whip-poor-will line 
until quite late in the season. On the 
Ath day of July Mr. Williamson and I 
eoncluded to celebrate the day in the 
manner most pleasing to ourselves and 
took a tramp in the woods which result- 
ed in the findins of a fine set of fresh 
eggs of this species. The following year 


THE OOLOGIST. 


I was not able to find a single egg, al- 
though I searched repeatedly every 
thicket within my reach. During the 
succeeding collecting season I was 
much more fortunate for six nests came 
under my notice, one of which contain- 
ed hatched young. 

It will be seen from these results that 
the bird is an irregular summer resi- 
dent here, some years being very rare 
and at other times being quite com- 
mon. Of the eggs which I have taken 
two sets were distinctive. 

The eggs of one were unusually long 
and thickly marked with very dark 
lilac. The other set was remarkable 
for its beauty, having the delicate lilac 
and lavender spots so systematically 
arranged that the effect was most strik- 
ing. This set, the most beautiful that 
I can ever hope to take, now adorns 
the cabinet of Mr. C. Barlow of Cali- 
fornia as it has since passed irto his 
hands. 

The eggs of the Whip poor-will are 
readily distinguished from those of 
other similar species. All eggs of the 
Whip-poor-will have the general ellip- 
tical shape, although they vary slightly 
in measurements, and all have the lilae 
and lavender coloring in various de- 
grees of intensity upon a background 
of creamy white. 

I have found the bird nesting invar- 
iably in thickets almost impenetrable 
to the rays of the sun. She does not 
take the trouble to build a nest, but de- 
posits her two eggs in some chosen 
spot, usually on a bed of leaves by the 
side of an old log or dead limbs. Yet 
the very carelessness of the parent 
serves most effectually to conceal her 
treasures which are with difficulty dis- 
tinguished from the surrounding leaves. 
The only sure way of finding the eggs 
of the Whip-poor-will is to search thor- 
oughly and frequently every dark 
thicket in the neighborhood. How- 
ever one may often locate the vicinity 
of a nest by going out in the evening 


THE OOLOGIST. 211 


and listening to the first call of the fe- 
male which is uttered just before she 
leaves the nest to feed. — After the birds 
have taken wing it is useless to try to 
trace them as they take no further no- 
tice of their nests until they have had 
their frolic and are ready to return to 
tho nest. It is probable that the male 
performs the duties of the female while 
she feeds, but as I have no definite an- 
thority for it I merely offer it as a sea- 
sonable suggestion. 

I trust this may at least benefit some 
who live where the Whip-poor-will is 
known to breed, but who have not, as 
yet, been successful in locating: their 
nests. IfI succeed in this my efforts 
will not be amiss. 


P. C. CHADWICK, 
Lorving, Kas. 


Notes on the Barn Swallow. 


The Barn Swallow made its first ap- 
pearance, for this year, in this locality, 
April 29th. Although the season has 
been remarkably early it has made not 
the slightest difference in the arrival of 
this bird. From a record which was 
kept for a long term of years, of the ar- 
rival of this bird, and which is now be- 
fore me, I find that its earliest arrival 
was April 21st and its latest was May 
2d—only 11 days variation. It departs 
for the south about the middle of 
August. 

It nests, almost invariably, in the 
roof of an old barn. It lays four or five 
and rarely six eggs, which are white, 
spotted with brown; and it rears two 
broods each year. Its nest isa curious 
affair, made of mud, into which are 
mixed a few straws or long hairs, just 
enough to give it a stringy appearance 
when torn in pieces, but seldom enough 
to be seen when the nest is entire. 
Sometimes the horizontal surface of a 
beam, or shelf is occupied as a_ nesting 
place, but generally, by some myster- 


ious process, the nest is glued to the per- 
pendicular side of a rafter. No attempt 
at concealmentis ever made. The old 
nests are often repaired and used year 
after year, and it would seem, some- 
times, at least, by other than the ori- 
ginal builders. I have seen a nest, 
which, as I was told by an old man, 
had been occupied every year, for more 
than forty years. 

Speaking of nests I am reminded of a 
most curious, triple nest which I once 
found. I was huntingin an old barn 
for Swallow’s eggs, when I noticed this 
nest highin the gable. I climbed to it 
and found that a Chimney Swift had 
first built its nest of little twigs, cur- 
iously interlocked and glued together, 
and cemented to the barn with an ad- 
hesive substance, which this bird sec- 
rets in its stomach. Then a Phoebe had 
utilized this nest as a shelf upon which 
to build its own nest of moss, cemented 
with clay. And lastly a pair of Barn 
Swallows had built their nest of mud, 
above and partially resting upon that 
of the Phoebe. I mention this as being 
all the more curious, for the reason 
that the Chimney Swift rarely nests 
in barns, and the Barn Swallow seldom 
makes use of a projection upon which 
to build ‘its nest. Upon two other oc- 
casions I have seen a Phoebe using the 
nest of a Barn Swallow as a shelf upon 
which to build its own nest. 

The Barn Swallow may be called 
gregarious, but it is much less so than 
its cousin, the Cliff or Eave Swallow. 
Itis rare to find more than a dozen 
pairs of Barn Swallows occupying the 
same barn, but itis not at’ all uncom- 
mon to see fifty or more nests of the 
Eave Swallow ranged side by side, each 
nest joining its neighbor. The Barn 
Swallow is very peaceably inclined 
towards most other birds, and it is not 
unusual to find its nest in close prox- 
imity to the nest of a Chimney Swift, 
a Phoebe, ora Robin. In fact, it was 
only a few days ago, that I noticed a 


212 THE OOLOGIST. 


pair ofthem industriously engaged in 
building a nest, within an arm’s reach 
of the nest of a Robin, and have seen 
nests within a few inches of the nest of 
a Phoebe, but I do not know that both 
nests were occupied at the same time. 
But, let a Hawk, or an Owl,or a similar 
bird approach and this Swallow will 
become a perfect demon of ferocity, sav- 
agely attacking and actually driving 
from the field a bird for which it would 
hardly make a mouthful. Its method 
of attack is to circle around its victim, 
and suddenly make a dive towards it, 
generally aiming for its eyes, and by its 
own wonderful agility, avoiding a re- 
turn stroke; it will again circle and_ re- 
turn to the attack. JI have no knowl- 
edge of any bird being seriously injured 
by the Barn Swallow, butI have often 
seen it attack, and put to flight both 
Cooper’s Hawk and the Sharp-shinned 
Hawk. 

Its powers of flight are marvelous. 
Wilson estimated that in its ordinary 
flight, it’s speed would average more 
than a mile a minute, for ten hours in 
each day. In rapidity and gracefulness 
of it’s evolutions, no bird with which I 
am acquainted, with the exception of 
its near relative, the Eave Swallow, can 
compare with it. ‘True, the Humming- 
bird may be able to dart more rapidly 
from flower to flower, and to change 
it’s course more quickly: but its flight 
is erratic, and in an abruptly, zig zag 
direction, while that of that of the 
Swallow is regular and graceful, and in 
long, sweeping curves. 

By watching it’s flight one may judge 
somewhat of the coming weather, for, 
while in pleasant weather it will always 
soar highin the air, just before a storm 
it will fly very close to the ground, 
sometimes almost touching the tall 
grass. Doubtless this is owing to a 
similar habit of the insects of which it 
isin pursuit. It is purely insectiver- 
ous. and invariably takes it’s food upon 
the wing; and, although it has been ac- 


cused, and perhaps justly, of destroy- 
ing the honey bee, it is regarded as one 
of the most beneficial of birds. 
C. O. ORMSBEE, 
Montpelier, Vt. 


A Crank. 

How often we have seen him hurry- 
ing off early in the morning to return 
laden with what he ealls treasures. 
Treasures indeed! Weeds, flowers, 
bugs and birds which perhaps we have 
never seen. Always eager to be off on 
his rambles, preferring this to other 
sports, and returning with a calm, hap- 
py air whether he has found his treas- 
ures or is tired, empty-handed and 
be-dragled with mud and dust. 

Perhaps he is also an ardent desciple 
of Isaak Walton, and a _ prospective 
Nimrod. Willing to take countless 
tramps and come back empty handed 
as cheerfully as when attended by bet- 
ter luck. 

Now you and I call this fellow a 
“crank.” What can be the attraction 
in such pursuits. True his collections 
are pretty, but he doesn’t seem to care 
for that alone. He will grind out an 
endless strain on the wonders of this 
and that, which may happen to be a 
commonplace plant or bug. Wecon- 
template him with a sort of patronizing 
pity that he should fritter away his 
time in such an unprofitable manner. 

Ah! my friends could you but read 
his inmost thoughts you would see your 
pity worse than wasted. It is he who 
ean pity. for your lack of enthusiasm, 
that you live on unmindful of the beau- 
tiful things around you. He isa crank 
because he’ loves Nature and delights in 
delving among the secret wonders with 
which her storehouses are filled, yes, 
even to overflowing. More than this,. 
he realizes in these wonders the mani- 
festations of his Maker, in the whisper- 
ing forest in the joyous songs of birds 
and insects, in the murmer of the rill, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


and in the thunder of the waves. He 
holds communion with Nature on his 
rambles and is thus led nearer his God. 
His mind is elevated and enriched. His 
soul is uplifted and filled with rever- 
ence and praise for Him who created 
this beautiful world and filled it with 
wonders which most of us know but 
little, perhaps not at all. Whoever 
studies Nature with such feelings de- 
tives much good therefrom, and his 
life is enobled. 

Reader, if this little article causes a 
change in your opinion of some‘‘crank” 
(?) and opens up some empty corner of 
your neart to the warm glow of Nature, 
then its mission will have been success- 
male | “ORTYX.” 

The Wren-Tit or Ground Tit. 

This is one of the characteristic birds 
of California, combining the traits of 
the Wrens as well as those of the Tit- 
mice. These birds inhabit the foothills, 
canons and dry bushy plains all over 
southern California. 

The Wren-Tit is one of the many 
birds that stay all the year round in 
southern and Lower California. The 
Wren-Tit’s whistle can be heard all 
day long in the thick brush on the _ hill- 
sides and in the washes, its music is 
generally confined to the low monoto- 
nous whistle which is prolongedly a 
trill, except when it is disturbed, then 
it will scold the intruder with its?cat- 
like cries. -These birds can always be 
identified by their whistle, after a per- 
‘son has once heard them. 

The Wren-Tit is confined to the 
coast region of California, with the ex- 
‘ception of those found in Lower Cali- 
fornia. The nest is usually built in the 
thick grease wood, in canons on the 
hillsides. It is composed of little twigs 
and soft woody fibres, and is lined with 
grass and hair. It is made so that it 
looks like an old nest. 

‘The birds set so closely and look so 


218 


much like the nest that the whole looks 
like an old bunch of sticks or a last 
year’s nest. The inside of the nest is 
from two to two and a half inches in 
depth by two and a half in width. The 
nest is placed in the fork of some bush 
and is generally about three feet from 
the ground. 

Although the birds are quite numer- 
ous in Southern California, the nests 
and eggs are quite difficult to find. 

The birds are quite Wren-like in ap- 
pearance, and have a habit of holding 
the tail erect and twitching it nervously 
from side to side. The birds resemble 
the California Brown Towhee in color. 
They are a plain brown above, the tail 
is long and has faint dark bars on it. 
Beneath it is pale cinnamon with throat 
and chest faintly streaked with dark. 
They are about six and a half inches 
long. 

When the bird is on the nest it is 
quite tame and will let you come with- 
in a few feet of it, and then it will 
slip off the nest so quietly that you can 
hardly catch a glimpse of it. When 
the bird leaves the nest it will run 
along the ground under the bushes for 
a few yards and then suddenly appear 
with its mate and begin to scold you 
from a short distance, with a series of 
scolding cries. If you move on fora 
few yards the birds will follow to see if 
you are going away,then the female will 
slip back to watch the nest. If you re- 
turn, the birds will become bolder than 
they were at first. 

The eggs are of a pale greenish blue 
color without spots or other markings. 
The eggs will fade if left in the light. 
The average measurement of the eggs 
is about .70 by .58inches. The usual 
number of eggs that I have found in a 
set is three, although I have found two 


fine sets of five. 
The breeding seasoa is from the mid- 
dle of April until the last of June. 
W.B. Jupson. 


214 THE OOLOGIST. 


Protect Our Birds. 

It appears to me that the Odlogist of 
today seems to think it his especial 
duty to destroy all the birds and eggs 
which come within his reach. As this 
is practiced by collectors who know 
much more of Ornithélogy than myself, 
I may be wrong. But it seems to me 
the true lover of nature and the works 
of Providence could not, with a clear 
conscience, destroy so many of our 
beautiful feathered creatures. 

By very little reading I can find 
many instances where collectors collect 
from five to twenty-five sets of the 
same species, the eggs having no ma- 
terial difference in number, size and 
markings. Evenif they should differ 
somewhat, the peculiarities could be 
put down in a note book, as every good 
Odlogist keeps such a book. 

One person has taken, this season, 
twenty-two nests and sets of the hum- 
ming-bird. I hope, but hardly think, 
they are all different species. 

Another writer found a good breed- 
ing place of one of the _ Itbises, 
and ends his article by saying he took 
about two hundred of their eggs, or 
about sixty sets. I cannot understand 
why one or two sets would not have 
sufficed. 

If this wholesale destruction of our 
birds continues, what will become of 
them? Ornithélogists agree that 
many species are becoming very scarce. 
Now. we do not want to exterminate 
them, with the exception only of the 
English Sparrow or as Davie fitly calls 
them, ‘‘the rats of the air.” 

OTTO GRADY. 
Ludlow, Ky. 


Reappearance of Bald Hagles in South-Hast 
Michigan. 

From time to time I have noted the 

reappearance of various birds in. this 

portion of the country, their return to 


regions they formerly frequented after 


a lapse of many years. 

The latest I have to chronicle is the 
return of the Bald Eagle. Last fall 
Mr. }Jobn W.'‘Stacy, reported meet- 
ing two Bald Eagles. One was killed 
near «the eastern border of Pontiac 
township, -Oakland county, and the 
other was met with alive along a branch 
of Stoney:Creek, in western Macomb 
county, near the boundary of Oakland 
county. They have also been reported 
from Wayne and other counties along 
the eastern coast of this state. 

WILFRED A. BROTHERTON, - 
Rochester, Mich. 


Vireonide in Iowa. 

This is a family of birds that are 
much oftener heard than seen. Next 
after the Warblers, the Vireos are the 
most delightful birds of our forest, they 
address the ear and not the eye. Clad 
in the simple tints that harmonize with 
the verdure these gentle songsters 
warble their lays unseen, while the fo- 
liage itself seems stirred to music. In — 
the state of Iowa there are six members 
of this family. 

Red-eyed Vireo, Vireo olivaceus. Ar- 
rives from the south about the jast of 
April and is common throughout the 
state.c It has a loud, energetic song, 
which is never out of tune, from the 
time it arrives, until it departs early in 
October, from early morning, through 
the burning heat of noon and on into 
the night, whether it is raining or no, 
go to‘any woodland and you will be 
sure to hear it. 

Langille says, ‘‘some writer has made 
it especially articulate in the following 
lines:” 

Pretty green worm, wherefare you? 

Dusky-winged moth, how fare yeu, 

When wind and rain are in the trees? 


Cheeryo, cheerebly, chee, 
Shadows and sunshine are one to me. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Mosquito and gnats, beware you, 
Saucy chipmonk, how dare you, 

Climb to my nest in the maple-tree? 
And dig up the corn 

At noon and at morn? 
Cheereyo, cheerebly, chee. 


It’s small cup shaped pensile nest, is 
hung from the twigs of some shrub or 
tree, anywhere from a few to thirty 


feet from the ground, this is completed- 


by the first of June, and the four white 
eggs, speckled with dark brown spots 
at the large end, are laid, they meas- 
ure about .80x.62. 

A nest I collected last season and 
which is now before me on my desk, is 
composed of pieces of bark, fine grass 
and webs of spiders and caterpillars, 
lined with fine shreds of grape vine 
bark. 

The Cowbird’s egg is often found in 
the nest of this species. 

Warbling Vireo, Vireo gilvus. This 
Vireo breeds plentifully throughout the 
state, arliving about the 25th of April. 
It is just about as full of song as the 
Red-eyed, from some croup of tall elms 
along the street you hear it’s liquid 


notes in tones as sweet, that it would, 


seem as if the air melted in them, the 
very soul of tenderness and affections 
is breathed out upon the ear. This 
‘song compared to that of the Red-eyed 
is amuch softer and more prolonged 
warble. 

The nest, which is usually built in a 
maple, in the door-yard, or in an elm 
along the street, is suspended in the 
fork of small twigs at the extremity of 
a branch and usually at the height of 
from twenty to fifty feet from the 
ground, however, it is not always at 
that height, sometimes only a few feet 
from the ground. 

Mr. Rudolph M. Anderson of Han- 
cock Co., Ia., writes, “I found a nest of 
the Warbling Vireo suspended from a 
low drooping limb of an ash tree, only 
about five feet from the ground.” 

The nest is somewhat deeper and 
more substantial than that of the Red- 


215, 


eyed, but composed of about the same 
material. 

Tne eggs are four or tive in number, 
of a pure white color, sparingly dotted 
at the larger end with markings of 
black and brown. The specimens 
measure about .75x.56. 

Yellow-throated Vireo, Vireo flavi- 
frons. Notas common as the former 
species, rather scarce in Henry county, 
although it’s brighter colors make it 
more conspicuous than the Red-eyed 
and Warbling. 

Mr. Anderson reports it ‘common in 
Hancock county; June 18, 1891, I found 
a nest of this species, which was sus- 
pended from a small erotch about. 
twenty feet from the ground, and com- 
posed of driel grass, cottony sub- 
stances, thin pieces of bark, moss and 
this nearly entirely covered over with 
small pieces of newspaper, lined with 
fine strips of grape vine bark. The 
nest contained four fresh eggs and one 
egg of the Gowbird.” 

Mr.J. Eugene Law writes, ‘This 
species is uot uncommon at Lake Mills, 
Winnebago county. This spring, 1898, 
found one nest which was deserted 
when two Cowbird’s eggs were laid in 
Lite? 

Mr. H.M. Savage of Van Buren coun- 
ty found a pair of Yellow-throated 
Vireo’s building their nest in June, 
1892, the nest was completed, but be- 
fore all the eges were laid a Blue Jay 
was rascal enough to destroy the eggs 
and tear the nest to pieces. It was 
placed in a hickory, thirty feet from 
the ground and composed of much the 
same material as the Red-eyed except 
there was a good deal of moss and 
newspaper about it. 

The eggs are four in number, and are 
easily distinguished from other Vireo’s 
by having the ground color of a roseate 
tinge and the spots of dark brown 
much more over the entire egg. Spec- 
imens measured about .85x.65. 

The song of this species is much like 


216 


the Red-eyed, although not near so 
finely modulated and rather shrill, it 
resembles the words, weeeo, weeeo-ee, 
wee-ree, ete. 

This bird is easily distinguished from 
the former species, by the yellow on 
the breast and also by being a shade 
larger. 

It departs for the south by the mid- 
dle of September. 

DaAvip L. SAVAGE, 
Salem, Ia. 


A Little Advice. 

To those who are interested in O6l- 
ogy and are desirous of making a col- 
lection of eggs may find the following 
helpful to them. 

First, in making a collection of eggs 
it is of the utmost importance that each 
and every specimen should be fully 
identified. The only sure way to do 
this is to secure the old bird at the 
same time, unless the collector is ¢hor- 
oughly familiar with the breeding hab- 
its and eggs of the specimen in 
question. As Capt. Bendire says: “A 
small, thoroughly identified, well pre- 
pared and neatly care for collection, 
even if only a local one, is worth far 
more scientifically and in every other 
way than a more extensive one ob- 
tained by exchange or purchase.” 

The majority of collectors have a 
printed label data which they always 
keep with the egg. All eggs shonld 


have as much dirt removed from them. 


as possible before blowing as it is then 
easier to get off. 

Eggs should be blown through one 
small hole drilled in the s¢de, forcing 
the contents out by blowing into the 
hole with a blowpipe. Do not hold the 
egg too tightly between the fingers or as 
Mr. Davie says, ‘‘you will learn that a 
thing of beauty is not always a joy 
forever.” 

In blowing small eggs you will find 
an egg holder handy. It is made by 


THE OOLOG.SY. 


taking a piece of wire about seven 
inches long and bending both ends into 
the shape of circular loops. Again 
bend your wire in the center so that 
the loops face each other, and the hold- 
er is finished. 

Do not try to blow eggs while in the 
field if you can possibly help it, 
as you do not have the facilities there 
that you do at home or in camp, and 
then again you are apt to be in a hurry 
and break your eggs; but pack them up 
neatly in small boxes fitted with small 
apartments, lined with cotton or moss. 

You should always have a notebook 
with you in which you should put down 
everything of interest pertaining to the 
eggs collected. 

Many valuable specimens are lost on 
account of improper packing, when be- 
ing sent by mail or express. Eggs 
should never be sent in anything but 
tin or wooden boxes which should be 
lined with cotton. Then each egg 
should be securely wrapped in cotton 
and placed sn ugly in rows and layers 
in the box. 

In marking eggs permanently it is 
well to put the date, A. O. U. No. and 
number of eggs in set, on the shell(near 
the drill hole) with a soft lead pencil. 

Egg collections are asa rule kept in 
the drawers of a cabinet, which are: 
partitioned off into different compart- 
ments partly filled with fine sawdust or 
sheet cotton. It is well to scatter cam- 
phor gum through the drawers as a 
preventative of insects, 

The above is meant for the true lover 
of nature and not for the ordinary so- 
called collector, who delights in mass- 
ing together large numbers of eggs and 
the slaughtering of our beautiful song- 
sters and ‘‘screening their fiendish acts 
under the gauzy lace of Science.” 


KELLOG DURLAND, 
Dorchester, Mass. 


Mr. Francis Cope Jr., of German- 
town, Pa., writes as follows: ‘‘The 
back numbers of the OdLoGIST, which I 
ordered of you on the 18th inst., have 
arrived safely and [am highly pleased 
with same; in fact I consider them al- 
most invaluable to the ornithologist and 
odlogist.” 


THE OOLOGIST. 217 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 

single Subscription - - 50c per annum 
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ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLAS*, MATTER. 


Henslow’s Sparrow in Michigan. 


Please record in the columns of the 
OGLoGIST, the taking of Ammodramus 
henslowit, Henslow’s Sparrow in 
southeastern Jackson county, Michi- 
gan, on May 12, 1894. A flock of sev- 
en observed and one male secured. 

Dr. R. H. Wolcott and L. Whitney 
Watkins were with me at the time. 
This bird was included in my list of 
Michigan birds of 1881, and has been 


very much doubted by certain would 
be Ornithélogists, and it gives me great 
pleasure to secure the specimen. More 
could have been taken if we had so 
wished, but we preferred to leave the 
rest in hopes of their nesting there. 
We will return on May 30th for a three 
days outing. Shall take my setter dog 
“Partner,” trained to find ground nest- 
ers and diligent search will be made to 
find their nests. 


ADOLPH B. Covert. 


Mr. Henry K. Coale, the Assistant 
Ornithologist of the Field Columbian 
Museum, Jackson Park, Chicago, writes: 
“T will be pleased to receive for exam- 
ination specimens of Dendroica estiva, 
Yellow Warbler, from all parts of the 
country and will return same promptly 
giving credit for notes made, ete.” 


Never in the history of American Or- 
nithology has more good systematic 
work froman intelligent basis been in 
progress than at the present time. 
This is especially noticeable, and we 
might add more highly commendable, 
among our younger ornithologists. Of 
late nearly every issue of the OdLoGIsT 
contains one or more ealls or notices: 
in reference to State or District organ- 
ization in order that the work may be. 
furthered more understandingly. 


In this month’s OoLoGist we print. 
the complete list of North American 
Birds as revised to date—the first list, 
we believe, incorporating the ’94 
changes and additions, published—we 
also give as far as possible the value of 
the skins of each species as far asa 
combination of data in hand and our 
knowledge on the subject will permit. 

We are well aware that,undoubtedly, 
many species have been erroneously 
priced—either too high or too low and 
as we desire to make this list the recog- 
nized standard by all American Orni- 
thologists—we most earnestly invite 


218 THE OOLUGIST. 


suggestions and corrections in relation 
to typographical errors as well as to 
valuation. 

The corrected list will he stereotyped 
on July 1st hence the importance of 
mailing your suggestions not Jater than 
June 20th. 


We have received from Prof. T. D. 
Richardson, Instructor of Natural 
Sciences in the Washington High School 
ot Jacksonville, Ills., a copy of his 
“Model Herbarium and Plant Record.” 
We have given our copy a most careful 
examination and unhesitatingly pro- 
nounce it the best thing of its kind that 
has ever been brought to our notice. 
Below we enumerate a few of the Au- 
thor’s claims of merit for the work, all 
of which we most heartily endorse, and 
would further advise all of our readers, 
having botanical inclinations, to send 
him $1 for a copy: 

1. The size is 8x11 inches. This is large 
enough forthe purposes of the ordinary col- 
lector and not so large as to be cumbersome. 

2. The binding is such as to allow the book 
to spread when filled with plants and not in- 
jure it in the least. 

3. The descriptions occupy the page oppo- 
site the plant and a turning of leaves is notnec- 
essary When the plant and description are Ccom- 
pared. 

4, The paper used in these books is very 
heavy and of good quality and makes an excel- 
lent Herbarium paper. 

5. The best methods of collecting. pressing 
and mounting plants are presented in a simple 
and concise manner. 

6. The Key tothe Terms Used in Descrip- 
tions contains all the terms aud spaces for 1il- 
lustrating each by a written definition and a 
drawing. Experience has shown that this is 
an excellent method for fixing the terms and 
their meanings in the mind of the pupil, No 
other Herbarium has this arrangement. 

The MopEL HERBARIUM has grown to its 
present form with the needs of the Author's 
classes and is now offered with the contident 
belief that it has a place in the botanical work 
in schools that has not been filled by any of the 
numerous Herbariums, Plant Records and 
Analyses that have been published. 


> <n > —+ 


You Are a Judge. 


Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the jirst day of July. 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of OdLoGIsT and 
mail to us. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes should 
be awarded. 

We give our Judges five prizes hay- 
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one 
to each of the five whose decisions are 
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes. 


BIRD SKINS! 


LOW RATES for JUNE ONLY 
Prices are for A 1 Specimens. 


Order quick. If you_don’t see what 
you want write for it. Wehave a big 
lot, as per large list in this issue. 


PAMOLVCAN OLY aoocoussanoqoso- $ 60 
Chilo, QUAIL,  ooososeoonoveos- 60 
Ganmnibelisi@iulai lee eee 1 00 
Scalledi@ wane ras tern ee 75 
Large Hawks, several species..... 1 60 
Red breast Mergamser...........2. 1 00 
Mallia dls ccf ide ee a 1 00 
Bilevekes Vital lain: Cle eee 1 25 
Baldpatey sy. yhoe actus ce acme rae 1 25 
Green-winelealhass eee 1 00 
Blue wing Realyen ee eee 75 
ShOvelller se e185 cence cisicl acre aoe 1 00 
Pan BAT ccc kais. co, one sloleeegi nner ea a ae 1 25 
Redhead ya sie ay ae st eae 1 50 
INMETCHMSCAM)Woo0 sdsenoc0 cs. - 1 25 
Juesser SCaup, Bait iae eee eee 1 25 
American Goldeneye .......... gall WO 
OV AYIS GMAW: -e) 05 che otters ate ae eee 1.25 
DTG Rey RM re Mn ic IT epi lata 5 - 1 50 
JRMCKG IDMEKS slo boo coseooden as aoe WOO 
MulivowsEreew) wok ss ssa 5) 
Hvening:Grosbealkes <=. 4s. —seeee 60 
Prairie Hormedtwanketn ene nee 30 


A series of seventy-five specimens of abov 
will sell cheap. Different localities. : 


Blue Jay .s5 Reece re ae eee 25 
Stellenismiayicaicis sec teenie Bevis tall) 
SereecheO wilt nus Vacs eee eee 75 
RoyaltVernie eo.) ee 1 00 
Man O’War, young in Down.... 1 00 
Creat blue lerontee ss ee eee 2 00 
Greater Yellowplease (6. 5 eee 75 
White-throat Sparrow............ 2 

Snowitla kes Nee cece a eee 25 


_About 50 large and small skins, defec- 
tive in some..way, occasionally broken 
neck, ete., our selection, 15 cents each. 

These are worth double this amount 
for study. 

New lot of mammal skins just in. 

Fine Armadillo, $7.50. 

Large Lizard skins, three feet, $3.00 

eae Lion skin, fair, $8.00. 

celot skins, fine for rugs : 

small, $2.50. age 

We are receiving new lots of skins 
daily and wouid be pleased to hear 
from all Collectors and Taxidermists 
who wish to purchase good material at 
prices that conform to the existing 


hard times. 
F. H. LATTIN & CO., 
ALBION, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 219 


BIRD SKINS. 


With a complete list of the Birds of North America, arranged according to the A.O.U.Check List. 

TERMS.—Orders under $1.00 for skins which do not exceed eight inches in length, must be 
accompanied by five (5) cents to cover postage. Large orders for the same size will be sent 
postprid. Large specimens will be sent by express; if wanted by mail, postage must be added. 
Skins sent by mail will be carefully packed, but no risk will be taken. 

The prices quoted are for the poorest and best specimens. Specimens of intermediate 
grades at proportionate prices. 

The numbers in the first column correspond to the A. O. U. Check List. Those in the second 
‘column to Ridgway’s Nomenclature of North American Birds. 


1 729 Western Grebe  ...... .....$1 25 $200) 73 689 Aleutian Tern......  ...... 200 300 
Pee oles OlbosllesiGreber- lis ee RO BAO) Wale CSO Ab eR iss Neral en eee 60 120 
Sie a2 ELOrMed ieee) sa. See i EO) 7B. Col Soom aterm ps ee 125 250 
4 783a American Eared Grebe OO) WHO) TAO ez Jesenolieoh attesmay es eee 200 300 
5 734 St. Domingo Grebe ..... seo HO OD) ee GBR) IBilevetke Gbteye ale ae) eos ak 50 100 
6 > Pied-billed'Grebe -....: 50 100} [78] 694 White-winged Black Tern... 150 200 
Neko) | DYoXo) 0 Wie econ.) ey Aa ate eee 200 400} 79 695 Noddy _—....... ee 200 300 
8 737 Yellow-billed Loon...... ape | 80 656 Black Skimmer...... ...... 50 100 
9 738 Black-throated Loon _...... 400 700; 81 700 Black-footed Albatross .. 600 806 
WO) 788) IPRvOMiaKe Ibyeyoray 9 eas se 400 600] 82 701 Short-tailed Albatross ..... 600 800 
11 740 Red-throated Loon...... .. 150 300] [83] 702 Yellow-nosed Albatross... 8 00 10 00 
U2 Pee Mba ole haihaes see 150 250] 84 703 Sooty Albatross’ ..... 800 10 00 
1B 4B} LebwadGal |S aoe ee IB) CO) [n} cosh Galehake  aouboneyes ens | Sees 8.00 10 00 
13a 748a Large-billed Puffin ~~... Xo) sy UNIO eee ae 300 450 
14! (Zak Jalonaaeol DP whomha, eee ees 350 450] &6a Lesser Fulmar......  -...-- 
15 746 Rhinoceros Auklet......... 86b 705a Pacific Fuimar —....... 
16 751 Cassin’s Auklet =... 300 500] 86¢ 705b Rodger’s Fulmar weak 
NATE AT OO UC GPA kel 6 User p poe sees: 300 500] 87 706 Slender-billed Fulmar ... 800 1000 
18 748° Crested Auklet « -........ 350 450) 88 Cory’s Shearwater .. ... 300 500 
-19 749 Whiskered Auklet  ......... 300 450] 89 709 Greater Shearwater ...... 150 250 
20 750 Least Auklet......... ee. 2 00) 450 [90] 711 Manx heat Water Beebe Bes 2/00) #3100 
\ 753 F ‘ x 1 710 Pink-footed Shearwater...... 
214 759 Ancient Murrelet......... -- 300 500 92 712 Audubon’s Shearwater 300 400 
23 755 Marbled Murrelet —_.......... 225 400] 93 713 Black-vented Shearwater...... 
24 756 Kittlitz’s Murrelet......... 94 714 Sooty Shearwater......... 300 400 
95 757 Xantus’s Murrelet  -........ 9 715 Dark-bodied Shearwater...... 
26 758 Craveri’s Murrelet......... 95 716 Slender-billed Shearwater 
27 «760 ~ Black Guillemot...... .... 100 200] [97] 707 Black-tailed Shearwater 
28 760 Mandt’s Guillemot ...... 200 350] [98] 717 Black-capped Petrel — ......... 
29 761 Pigeon Guillemot...... ..... 150 200) [99] Sealed Petrel  —._...... 
SO MA7Goe NEUEGOe st ess een (yer | iasee sea! *100 200] 100 Fisher’s Petrel......... 
30a 763a California Murre......... 150 200] [101] 718 Bulwer’s Petrel  ........ 
31 764a Brunnich’s Murre __....... 100 200} [102]719 Pintado Petrel......... ads 300 500 
pola 464) Pallas?s Murre > 22-2... 103) 720)" Weast Petrella = Bees BO Co 
So Avay ZOOL bled Aika 2s |) hearse 150 200] 104 721 Stormy Petrel ...... 150 300 
SSiAlbn Great Aue). 2.2! ges 1105 726 Fork-tailed Petrel — ......... 250 400 
Bul Vs IDYonyElkaksy — cegeaaee WOO 150) |1062 W23ebeachys Petrella 100 125 
SH OOOReOaia on seco Se bobs 350 500] 106.1 Guadalupe Petrel......... 
SORA OM ATIN Crdide Sele ee) iletense. 2/00) 3150) 107 “24: Black Petrel.-.:--.) 9 2-2 
87 698 Parasitic Jaeger ...... 125, 2100 | 108: 725 Ashy, Petrel = *.225:5 300 500 
88 699 Long-tailed Jaeger —......... 250 350] 109 722 Wilson’s Petrel le ee nOO pm ioO 
3 Ol Gar emp laviO Vaya GquUklen yan teeee nse 350 450] [110] 728 White-bellied Petrel 
AQ 65 Gu a salib bina k@esee2 te) ye. eee eies 7% 150) (111) White-faced Petrel......... 
40a 658a Pacific Kittiwake......  -....- 125 250] 112 654 Yellow-billed Tropic Bird 350 500 
41 659 Red-legged Kittiwake...... 500 750/113 655 Red-billed Tropic Bird ........ 350 500 
AZ 660); Glaucous Gulls. Eee: 200 400] [114] 651 Blue-faced Booby......... 
42.1 Point Barrow Gull...... 114.1 Blue-footed Booby — ......... 
ASG olen mlce lam GuG, Ulsan on eeccue se 300 400) 115 652 Booby OO ONG ras ee 800 500 
44 662 Glaucous-winged Gull...... 200 300) 115.1 Brewster’s Booby ..... 
45 Kumlien’s Gull... [116] 6538 Red-footed Booby ——....... 400 600 
46 ING S@meS Guy alee Len O50 my. Ganne basco Reise 300 400 
47 663 Great Black-backed Gull...... 200 300]118 #49 Anhinga ......... ees CN. GEO 
48 Slaty-backed Gull......... 119 642 Cormorant _ ......... 300 350 
49664 Wiestern-Gulle 7 -.---- 200 300) 120 643 Double-crested Cormorant 200 300 
[50] 665 Siberian Gull... ...... 120a 643a Florida Cormorant — ...... 150 250 
Bil Gale, Jalergmebaver(Gnbull’ Rees 150 200} 120b 643b White-crested Cormorant 
5la 666a American Herring Gull...... 150 200} 120e Farallone Cormorant 
HOMNGOT. sWAeSa) Grulla ener. 121 644 Mexican Cormorant —...... 200 300 
BSMGos © alitormn ai Gull why eas 150 2001122 645 Brandt’s Cormorant...... 175 350 
54 669 Ring-billed Gull... 100 150}; 123 Pelagic Cormorant _...... 
55 670 Short-billed Gull... 9 ...... 200 300} 123a 646 Violet-green Cormorant...... 300 400 
“Opole » Mery GU = ei ieeeeenes 125 175; 123b 646a Baird’s Cormorant......... 200 3850 
57 672 Heermann’s Gull...... .. 350 500) 124 647 Red-faced Cormorant ...... 
58 673 Laughing Gull .....-... 100 150] 125 640 American White Pelican...... 400 600 
bom 674 mranklinis (Gul ec 100 150/126 641 Brown Pelican pees 300 600 
60 675 Bonaparte’s Gull ...... 75 150] 127 California Brown Pelican...... 300 600 
60.1 eal e) Gabuy betewo Sees 128 639 Man-o’-War Bird  .......... 400 600 
61 676 Ross’s Gull....-. eas 129 636 American Merganser ...... 125-175 
GONE Tine ale! Ss Gaul ees een 400 500} 130 637 Red-breasted Mergansevr...... 100 150 
63 679 Gull-billed Tern.. ...... 50 100] 1381 6388 Hooded Merganser _ ...... 100 200 
64 680 Caspian Tern ......... zy OM ee Cont Wienble WC eT ae eee ibe), AL 76S 
65) 6810) Royal Menny =) ye. -- 125 2 00)| 133 602 Black Duck  .. ..... 125 1% 
66 682 Elegant Tern.........  -...-. 134 603 Florida Duck......  ...... 150 250 
67 683 Cabot’s Tern ...... ...... 100 150) 134a 602 Mottled Duck........ ta 200 300 
[68] 684 Trudeau’s Tern ...... igh Ob Ceyohwwenlls eek aor 125 200 
69 685, Forster’s Tern...... -..... ow elOO) | 13682 GOGH Widiseone 4.5) ayaa 150 200 
70 686 Common Tern _....... 50 100/137 607 Baldpate RESIGN 150 200 
71. 687 Arctic Perm..22..5 0 | cecee:2:. 7 100] (1388]611 HEuropean Teal......... 0 ...... 150 200 
72 688 Roseate Tern ...... ....-- 75 1251189 612 Green-wingedaTeal......... 75 125 


THE OOLOGIST. 


220 

140 609 Blue-winged Teal ——......... 150 200 
(Ae GLOM Cinna One G alee neers 150 209 
TAS GOS SHoOWeliion senses ueetases 150 200 
TIERS, COSY Mesa aces © acco 150 200 
IEE (MIEY “ \AY@roVl IDUIOI  eek Sacto 150 250 
[145] Rufous-crested Duck ........ 200 2% 
146618 Redheaditets ns uirccesee my eeeees 150 250 
147 617 Canvas-back ........ 50 200 
148 614 American Scaup Duck...... 150 200 
149 615 Lesser Scaup Duck...... 150 200 
150 616 Ring-necked Duck 125 175 
151 620 American Golden-eye ...... 125 15 
152 619 Barrow’s Golden-eye ..... 150 225 
153) (621) Bume-head) 22222: 100 150 
Teh GEE} ONGIEE SWE N ieccccecca 9 ceoteees 100 2090 
155 622 Harlequin Duck...... 150 300 
156 624 Labrador Duck _ ......... 

157 625 Steller’s Duck......... 400 600 
158 626 Spectacled Hider ...... 9 00 12.00 
159° 627 Northern Hider... -..... 250 350 
160 627a American Hider ......... 200 300 
161 628 Pacific Rider ..... 200 400 
1EZIG29) Seine EN Gleryeeeese nee 500 700 
163 6380 American Scoter......  — --... 150 225 
[164] 631 Velvet Scoter  —...... 200 250 
165 632 White-winged Scoter...... 200 250 
HGS GBB} Soret Seow secs tet ia) 225 
Woe @e¥e Teeoloby IDG) eee ee sececee 7 150 
[168] 685 Masked Duck __ ......... 

169 591a Lesser Snow Goose _...... 300 400 
169a 591 Greater Snow Goose...... 300 400 
16981590 BiwelG COSC sn ee 300 400 
170 592 Ross’s Snow Goose _ ...... 450 600 
{171] 5938 White-fronted Goose... .. 250 350 
171a 5938a Amer. White-fronted Goose 250 350 
172 594 CanadaGoose _ ......-. 250 350 
172a 594a Hutchin’s Goose __....... 250 350 
172b 594¢c White-cheeked Goose 350 450 
172c 5940 Cackling Goose __........... 

1783) BOIS. TRE eee eeeecee 200 300 
144596) Black Brant ee 300 400 
[175] 597 BarnacleGoose _ ....... 300 350 
176) 598) “Hmperor' Goose =a 10 00 15 00 
177 599 Black-bellied Tree-duck...... 100 1% 
178 600 Fulvous Tree-duck ..... 100 175 
1179]586 Whooping Swan _.......... 8 00 1000 
180 588 Whistling Swan...... 9 -..... 50 700 
181 589 Trumpeter Swan 500 800 
182 585 American Flamingo ...... 8 00 15 00 
183 505 Roseate Spoonbill...... 200 700 
TSE OILS SAH auhwey IOVS | pees nets 100 200 
[1£5] 502 Scarlet Ibis 500 800 
T6503 GLOSS ¥_ LbISHewn ee eee 250 3650 
187 504 White-faced Glossy Ibis...... 250 350 
iets} YOO) YRVOOGLINONS bk eee 200 400 
LSS O Neato pe ree 

190 497 American Bittern... ...... 100 1450 
191 498° Weast Bittern= >... (510) 125) 
191.1 Cory’s Least Bittern ..... 

192 486 Great White Heron 10 00 15 00 
193 Ward’s Heron ......... 800 5900 
194 487 Great Blue Heron ......... 200 300 
[195] 488 Europ2an Blue Heron...... 200 250 
196 489 American Egret......... 200 350 
197 490 Snowy Heron......, ...... 200 350 
198 491 Reddish Mgret ...... — -:-.:. 150 2:25, 
199 492 Louisiana Heron ...... 50 1 25 
900 498 Little Blue Heron...... — ...... 50) 125 
201 494 Green Heron...... ...... 40 75 
201a Frazar’s Green Heron __....... 

2902 495 Black-crowned Night Heron 100 150 
903 496 Yellow-crowned Night Heron150 250 
204 582 Whooping Crane...... 8 00 18 00 
905 584 Little Brown Crane ...... 400 600 
906 583 Sandhill Crane  ...... 400 600 
Ore teksti Ababoayoyoba ee ceey | See 200 350 
eh ek), RGhaveR RHUL ee)! tence LOOM i 
209 Bel ain e? SiR cn!l bee aeeeeneneee 

210 570 California Clapper Rail...... 100% 150 
om 57 Clapperinail: jy) 754100 
211a 571a Louisiana Clapper Rail...... 75 31 50 
211¢ Caribbean Clapper Rail......... 

Patil Scotti steal iin eee 100 150 
912 572 Virginia Rail  .......,. 30. = 60 
[213]573 Spotted Crake.......... -..... 125 160 
DAS FANS OLE ale eects hes ene see 20 40 
215 575 Yellow Rail  ....... . 200 350 
S16 576) Black Rails 0) ssacseees 8300 5200 
216.1576a Farallone Rail ...... — ...... 

(2a “ComniG@rakke ya yen te == 79 125 
218 578 Purple Gallinule ~...... 75 150 


219 579 Florida Gallinule...... 40 
[220] EuropeanCoot _.......... 1 00 
221 580 Amer'can Coot.......2 ...... B50 
299 563 Red Phalakopem ates 2 00 
223 564.Northern Phalarope  __.... 1) 
224 565 a Wilson’s Phalarope...... 50 
225 566 American Avocet  ...... S75) 
226 567 Black-necked Stilt..__.. 100 
[227] 594 European Woodcock...... 1500 
228 525 American Woodcock _ ...... ris 
[229]}526 European Snipe ._....... 1:00 
230 526a Wilson’s Snipe......... 50 
231) 527 Dowiltcher]se eee 60 
232 527a Long-billed Dowitchevr...... 60 
233 528 pe Sandpiper 75 
D345 529 WKN Obese se cee ee oe oe 50 
235 530 are a SAN Cpl Cree eee 40 
236 531 Aleutian Sandpiper ..... 1%5 
237 582 Prybilof Sandpiper -........ 
238 533 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper 275 
239 5384 Pectoral Sandpiper ...... 30 
240 5386 White-rumped Sandpiper...... 50 
241 537 Baird’s Sandpiper ...... 60 
242 5388 Least Sandpiper......... 20 
242.1 Long-toed Stint ...... 
[243i1}53 ON) Cea ira ese 100 
248a 539a Red-packed Sandpipev......... 35 
244 540 Curlew Sandpiper...-...- 100 
[245] 542* Spoon-bill Sandpiper......... 
246 541 Semipalmated Sandpiper 25 
247 541a Western Sandpiper ......... vi) 
DHS by) SehaveKerabhayes | eens career 35 
249 543 Marbled Godwit — ...... 100 
2044 se acific Godwitee ieee 3 00 
251 545 Hudsonian Godwit......... 100 
(252]'546 Black-tailedGodwit  ...... 125 
[253] 547 Green-shank  — ........ 1 25 
254 548 Greater Yellow-legs — ...... Pa) 
Zonet 0) Vell OW-leg Sine eae 50 
256 550 Solitary Sandpiper’ ...... 25 
256a 550 Western Solitary Sandpiper 50 
[257] 551 Green Sandpiper...... © --.... 1 25 
Pits} Gays WANN ices Tee otek 7) 
Qhea Doz) IWVIEStELMNVVGLe tin 0) nemees 15 
259 5538 Wandering Tattler... 150 
[2CO] S54 oa Uti Miya eae eee 125 
261 555 Bartramian Sandpiper...... 50 
262 556 Buff-breas:ed Sandpiper...... 50 
263 557 Spotted Sandpiper... 20 
264 558 Long-billedCurlew  ......... 100 
265 559 Hudsonian Curlew...... 100 
266 560 Eskimo Curlew.....  _..... 100 
f eYaeA tao Niyawiranl onReN ee es 100 
[268] 562 Bristle-thighed Curlew...._.... 
(269) D12-. alp wil oy eee eee 100 
270 513 Black-bellied Plover...... vi) 
[er Da Golden teloviersee ees 125 
972 515 American Golden Plover...... 75 
272a 515a Pacific Golden Plover......... 150 
OSs BG) IRGC esl ech 30 
974 517 Semipalmated Plover...... 25 
ONts. yl} gh aver AVON WeVR 75 
[276]519 Little Ring Plover...... 100 
DG GVA) - Te rh owiaver TEMG ee 30 
|] 277%a 520a Belted Piping Plover __.. 50 
278 521 Snowy Plover bs 75 
[279] Mongolian Plover © 2. 


280 522 Wilson’s Plover....__... 3 
281 523 Mountain Plover  ...... 60 
OXy4. Gils jemi Rl | hee WAY) 
98357509) sun S CONG mee en renee 30 
984 510 BlackTurnstone  ...... 1 00 
[285] 506% Oyster-catcher 3:3 1 25 
286 507s © American Oyster-catcher..._. 100 
286.1 'Frazar’s Oyster-catcher...... 
287 508% Black Oyster- -catcher...... 2 00 
[288] 568 Mexican Jacana —...... 75 
D89it420) SS BoOb=white rs enneeel mene 40 
289a 480a Florida Bob-white......... 50 
289b 480b Texan Bob-white 3 ......... 40 
289¢ Cuban Bob-white...... 9 _..... 3 00 
291 Masked Bob-white....__... 250 
292 481 Mountain Partridge ey 00) 
292a 481a Plumed Partridge......... 1 00 
292b San Pedro Partridge......... 
293 484 Scaled Partridge ......... 75 
2938a, Chesunuly bellied Scaled Part- 

Ot SRR Se *50 
294 482 California Partridge ...... >50 
294a Valley Partridge ....... 50 
295 4838"Gambel’s Partridge = ...... 1:00 


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THE OOLOGIST. 
296 485%Massena Partridge...... 250 500/358 418 Richardson’s Merlin...... 175 
297 471Dusky Grouse... -.-.- 1,00\'200) [358.19 Merliny 99.850. 125 
297a 471a Sooty Grouse... 100 200/359 419 Aplomado Falcon... ...... 3 50 
297b 471b Richardson’s Grouse...... 300 400] 359.1422 Kestrel 0... 0... 100 
298 472 CanadaGrouse..... — .....- 7 125) 360 420420a American Sparrow Hawk 25 
299 472a Franklin’s Grouse ........ 100 250} 360a 420 Desert Sparrow Hawk...... 50 
300 473 Ruffed Grouse......... 3e 75 1251 360b 420 St. Lucas Sparrow Hawk... 
300a Canadian Ruffed Grouse ..... 100 1°25) [861] 421 Cuban Sparrow Hawk...... 
300b 473a Gray Ruffed Grouse......... _ 200 300) 362 423 Audubon’sCaracara  ...... 100 
300c 473b Oregon Rutfed Grouse...... 175 2251363 424 Guadalupe Caracara So 
301 474 Willow Ptarmigan......... 150 175/364 425 American Osprey ... 2 00 
301a Allen’s Ptarmigan —...... 365 394 American Barn Owl... 200 
302 475 Rock Ptarmigan —......... 200 300) 366 395 American ouE cates Owl 50 
302a Reinhardt’s Ptarmigan......... 367 396 Short-eared Owl.. ean 50 
302b Nelson’s Ptarmigan . ...... 368 397 Barred Owl.. 7 50 
302¢ Turner’s Ptarmigan......... 68a 397a Florida Bar red Owl... 75 
303 Welch’s Ptarmigan......... 369 398 Spotted Owl. sae 
304 476 White-tailed Ptarmigan...... 200 300/370 399 Great Gray Ome coos WY) 
OSE A Mean OgeleMee oa) cl S-c.c 100 1 25 | [370a]399a Lapp Owl.... oie 
305a 477 Attwater’s Prairie Hen ... 200 300)371 400 Richardson's Owl ye 2 00 
BOG Ai peleabhy Hen) eo 10 00 1500] 372 401 Saw-whet Owl .. . 50 
307 4%7a Lesser Prairie Hen......... 150 22513873 4n2 ScreechOwl......  .....- 50 
308 478 Sharp-tailed Grouse ...... 100 125) 373a 402a Florida Screech Owl soso ILOD 
308a 478a Columb. Sharp-tailed Grousel 00 150] 373b 402b Texan Screeh Owl ..... 50 
308b Prairie Sharp-tailed Grouse 200 300 | 373c California Screech Owl...... 100 
309 479 Sage Grouse ...... 150 300 | 373d 402d Kennicott’s Screech Owl.... 125 
SIO). ZOE} \WyaulolM Mob eh(cn ate ie an eee 600 $00] 373e 402c Rocky Mountain Screech Owl! 50 
310a 470 Mexican Turkey......... 600 800] 373f 403 Mexican Screech Owl.... 150 
310b 470a Florida Wild Turkey...... 10 00 12 00 | 373g Aiken’s Screech Owl .......- 
310c 470 Rio Grande Turkey...... 800 1000] 873h 402 MacFarlane’s Screech Owl 
Stier oomi@hachalacay cs) 1. re: 50 100/374 404 Flammulated Screech Owl 
312 456 Band-tailed Pigeon ........ 125 150/375 405 Great Horned Owl...... 200 
3126 WViosca’s Pigeon _ ......... 200 300] 375a 405a Western Horned Owl.... 200 
313 457 Red-billed Pigeon....... ...... 75 1251 875b 405b Arctic Horned Owl...... 6 00 
314 458 White-crowned Pigeon... 150 300] 3875¢c 405¢ Dusky Horned Owl peek 4200) 
315 459 Passenger Pigeon......... 200 400/376 406 Snowy Owl.... ...... 400 
316 460 Mourning Dove _...... 2 50 | (877) 407a Hawk Owl _........ non Cha) 
317 462 Zenaida Dove........)  ...... 200 350) 377a 407 American Hawk Owl.. 2 00 
318 463 White-fronted Dove ........ 60 125/378 408 Burrowing Owl (6) 
319 464 White-winged Dove  ...... 5) 100]|378a 408a Florida Burrowi ing Owl.... 2 00 
320 455 Ground Dove __......... 30 «15 | 379 409 PygmyOwl ....... 150 
320a 465 Mexican Ground Dove...... 50 100] 379a 409 California Pygmy Owl.... 150 
evil AG) “Whaler eA DXoy yee ON eee aes 7 150 } 379.1 Hoskin’s Pygmy Owl 8 00 
1322] 467 Key West Quail-Dove ...... 300 500(380 418 Ferruginous Pygmy Owl.... 1:00 
322.1 Ruddy Quail-Dove......... 381 411 Elf Owl ; é 200 
[323] 468 Blue-headed Quail Dove...... 382 392 Carolina Par oquet 5064 Bail) 
324 453 California Vulture......... (383]389 Ani.. sive 150 
325 454 Turkey Vulture... ...... 2007250] 384 390 Gr oove-billed Ani 2006 40 
326 455 Black Vulture — ........ 200 3% 50] 3885 383 Road-runner noe 50 
327 42H Swallow-tailed Kite ...... 250 400/386 3886 Mangrove Cuckoo... 150 
328 427 White-tailed Kite......... 7 150] 386a 386 Maynard's Cuckoo sacs 2100 
329 428 Mississippi Kite  ..... ... 250-3 50 | 887 387 Yellow-billed Cuckoo ... 30 
330 429 Everglade Kite... ...... 400 600] 387a 387 California Cuckoo.... et 00 
331 430 Marsh Hawk  _ ......... 40 250)388 388 Black-billed Cuckoo.... 30 
332 432 Sharp-shinned Hawk  ...... 40 75 | [889] 884 Coppery-tailed Trogon...... 200 
333 431 Cooper’sHawk _....... ae 40 100/390 382 Belted Kingfisner...... 25 
334 433 American Goshawk  ...... 150 350)391 383 Texan Kingfisher  ..... 75 
334a 433a Western Goshawk......... 300 400/392 359 Ivory-billed Woodpecker 7 00 
335 434 Harris’s Hawk......... .. 7 125) 393 360 Hairy WoodpeckKer...... 20 
[336] 435 Kuropean Buzzard......... 150 200} 393a 260a Northern Hairy Woodpecker 20 
337 4386 Red-tailed Hawk  ......... 76 1,50 | 393b 360 Southern Hairy Woodpecker 20 
337a 436a Krider’s Hawk.........00 -..... +8 393c 360b Harris’s Woodpecker.... 50 
3370 436b Western Red-tail......... 100 . 150] 393d 360b Cabanis’s Woodpecker...... 40 
387¢ 486¢ Saint Lucas Red-tail...... 394 361 Downy Woodpecker ARS 15 
337d 438 Harlan’s Hawk.........00 9 ...... 300 5 00} 394a 361a Gairdner’s Woodpecker...... 30 
339 439 Red-shouldered Hawk ...... 100 175] 394b Bachelder’s Woodpecker.... 50 
339a FloridaRed-shouldered Hwk,100 175|395 362 Red-cockaded Woodpecker 4) 
339b 439a Red-bellied Hawk — ......... 200 300/396 363 Baird’s Woodpecker.... 20 
340 440 Zone-tailed Hawk .... ... 200 40) | 396a 363a Saint Lucas Woodpecker: a5 1 C0) 
341 441 Sennett’sWhite-tailed Hawk 100 200] 397 364 Nuttall’s Woodpecker.. 100 
342 442 Swainson’s Hawk......... 100 150) 398 365 Arizona Woodpecker nooo JL GSM) 
343 443 Broad-winged Hawk 100 150] 399 366 White-headead Woodpecker 100 
[344] Short-tailed Hawk 2333} 400 367 Arctic Three-toed Woodp’ker 50 
345 444 Mexican Black Hawk......... 400 500/401 368 Am. Three-toed Woodpecker 2 00 
346 445 Mexican Goshawk......... 200 200] 401la Alaskan Three-toed W’dp’k’r 
[347] Rough-legged Hawk......... 150 200] 401b 368a Alpine Three-toed Woodp’ker1 50 
347a 447 Amer. Rough legged Hawk 100 200 ee 369 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker.... 20 
348 448 Ferruginous Rough-leg 200 300] 402a 369a Red-naped Sapsucker ... 50 
349 449 Golden Eagle ......... 600 1000) 403 369b Red-breasted Sapsucker.... 75 
(8501450 Harpy Eagle......... 600 12 00) 404 370 Williamson’s Sapsucker $1 00 
[351] 452 Gray Sea Eagle feet 600 800/405 371 Pileated Woodpeckev...... 40) 
Say) Gb lek nkol IDE ved yy Ce 300 800|406 375 Red-headed Woodpecker 25 
353. 412 White Gyrfalcon F 10 00 1500} 407 377 Californian Woodpecker 35 
354 412a Gray Gyrfalcon......... 10 00315 00 | 407a 37%7a Narrow-fronted Woodpecker 80 
354a 412b Gyrfalcon........ © -........ 10 00 1500] 408 876 Lewis’s Woodpeckev...... 1b) 
354b 412c Black Gyrfalcon ........ 10 00 1500] 409 372 Red-bellied Woodpecker 25 
355 413 Prairie Falcon sent .. 100 200;)410 373 Golden-fronted Woodpecker 2 
356 414 Duck Hawk......... 0 9 ...... 100 200/411 374 Gila Woodpecker......  ...... 4i5) 
356a 414a Peale’s Falcon ...... GND Gyke) TIN ONey ee eae) ceoaks 25 
3ot 41% Pigeon Mawk.... =... 40 100|413 3878b Red-shafted Flicker ....... 40 
357a 417a Black Merlin 20... 2... 200 350| 41a Northwestern Flickev... .. 45 


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222 ‘THE OOLOGIST. - 


Gilded Flicker 
Guadalupe Flicker...... 
Chueck-will’s-widow 
W hip- poor -will 
Stephen’s Whip-poor-will 
Poor-will 
Frosted Poor-will 
Dusky Poor-will 
419 356 Merrill’s Parauque....... 
420 357 Nighthawk 
420a 357a Western Nighthawk......... 
420¢ 357b Florida Nighthawk 
421 358 Texan Nighthawk...... 
422 Black Swift.......- 
423 Chimney Swift 
424 Vaux’s Swift 
425 White-throated Swift...... 
425 334 Rivoli Hummingbird 
47 
428 
429 
429.1 


430 337 
431 338 
431.1 
432 339 
433 340 
434 341 
486 343 
437 344 
438 345 
346 


439 
440 347 
348 


41 
AMA 
(4421302 
443 301 


414 
415 
416 
417 
417a 
418 35d 
418a 355 
418b 355 


379 
380 
353 
354 


Violet-throated 
bird 
Costa’s Hummingbird sees 
Anna’s Hummingbird 
Floresi’Ss Humuningbird...... 
Broad-tailed Hummingbird 
Rufous Hummingbird 
Allen’s Hummingbird...... 
Calliope Hummingbird... 
Lucifer Hummingbird 
Reiffer’s Hummingbird..... 
Buff-bellied Hummingbird 
Xantus’s Hummingbird... 


Xantus’s Becard 
Fork-tailed Flycatcber........ 
Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 
Kingbird...... 
Gray Kingbird 
Couch’s Kingbird 
Arkansas Kingbird......-.... 
Cassin’s Kingbird 
Derby’s Flycatcher......... 
Giraud’s Flycatcher 
Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher 
Crested Flycatcher.......:. 


[450]309 
451 310 
452 312 
453 311 
4538a 
45+ 313 
454a 313 Nutting’s Elyeatcher.-....:- 
Lawrence’s Flycatcher 
Olivaceous Flycatcher...... 
Phoebe 
Say’s Phoebe...... 
Black Phoebe 
Olive-sided Flycatcher...... 
Coues’s Flycatcher...... 
Wood Pewee...... 
Western Wood Pewee ans 
Large-billed Wood Pewee 
Yellow-bellied Flycatcher 
Western Flycatcher...... 
St. Lucas Flycatcher 
Acadian Flycatcher......... 
456 325 Little Flycatcher...... 
466a 325a Traill’s Flycatcher...... 
467, 326 Least Flycatcher Bb: 
468 327 Hammond’s Flycatcher. Minas 
469 328 Wright’s Flycatcher 
469.1 Gray Flycatcher 
[47]329 Fulvous Flycatcher wee 
470a 329a Buff-breasted Flyc atcher 


464 323 
464.1 
465 32° 


471 330 Vermilion Flycatchev...... 
72 331 Beardless Flycatcher 
472a Ridgway’soFlycatcher...... 


[473]299 Skylark......... 
474 300 Horned Lark... -. 
474a 3U0a Pallid Horned Lark 


474b Prairie Horned Lark  ...... 
474c Desert Horned Lark........ 
474d Texan Horned Lark  ...... 


74e 300b Mexican Horned Lark...... 


474f Ruddy Horned Lark _ ....... 
474g Streaked Horned Lark 

74h Scorched Horned Lark... 
474i Dusky Horned Lark ..... 
474j Sonoran Horned Lark... 
475 286 American Magpie...... ...... 
476 287 Yellow-billed Magpie...... 
49.289) SBC iadyieenns eee eee 


Blue-throated Hummingbird 1 
Ruby-throated Hummingbird 
Black-chinned Hummingbird 
Humming- 


Broad-billed Hummingbird 


Mexican Crested Flycatcher 
Arizona Crested Flycatcher 
Asb-throated Flycatcher...... 


90 


aa 
(S) 
(j=) 


ps 
S 
i=) 


150 


w 


— 


477 a Florida Blue Jay...... 
478 290 Steller’s Jay. .... 

782 29)a Blue-fronted Jay 
478b 290e Long-crested Jay...... 
478¢e 290b Black-headed Jay 

79 291 Florida Jay.......- 
480 292 Woodhouse’s Jay...... 
481 293 California Jay~..... 
481a 298 Xantus’s Jay  —..... 
481b Belding’s Jay...... 
481.1 Santa Cruz Jay 
482 295 Arizona Jay-......... 

82 296 Green Jay...... 
484 297 Canada Jay 
484a 297a Rocky Mountain J ay 
484b 297b Alaskan Jay.. 
484¢c Labrador J ay 
485 298 Oregon Jay 
486 280 American Raven...... 
486a 280 Northern Raven  ...... 
487 281 White-necked Raven 
488 282 American Crow 
488a 282a Florida Crow...... 
489 282b Northwest Crow ..... 
490 283 Fish Crow......... ess 
491 284 Clarke’s Nutcracker ...... 
492 285 Pinon Jay.....-... 

[493]279 Starling 
494 257 Bobolink. .... 
494a, Western Bobolink 
AO) Pte) (Clomougol i a 
495a 258a Dwarf Cowbird.__.. 
496 259 Red-eyed Cowbira...... 
497 260 Yellow-headed Blackbird 
498 2*1 Red-winged Blackbird...... 
498a 261 Sonoran Red-wing...... 
498b 261 Bahaman Red-wing  ...... 
499 261a Bicolored Blackbird... ..... 
500 262 Tricolored Blackbird 
501 263 Meadowlark......... 
50la 268a Mexican Meadowlark 
5}OLb 264 Western Meadowlark........ 
[502]265 'Troupial......... 
503 266 Audubon’s Oriole 
268 Scott’s Oriole ..... 
269 Hooded Oriole... 


506. 270 
271 
972 » 
273 


Orchard Oriole _.... 
Baltimore Oriole 
Bullock's Oriole...... 
Rusty Blackbird 
274 Brewer’s Blackbird 
278 Purple Grackle 
278a Florida Grackle.._... 
278b Bronzed Grackle 
275 Great-tailed Grackle 
513 277 Boat-tailed Grackle......... 
Alt 165 Evening Grosbeak 
5l4a 165 
515 165 


Pine Grosbeak 
(516]167 Cassin’s Bullfinch 
517 168 Purple Finch... 
517a 168a California Purple Finch...... 
518 169 Cassin’s Purple Finch 
519 170 House Finch 
519b 170a St. Lucas House Finch 
520 i71 
=21 172 American Crossbill......... 
521a 172a Mexican Crossbill 
522 173 White-winged Crossbill...... 
523 174 Aleutian Leucosticte...... 


524 175 Gray-crowned Leucosticte... 


bose 175a Hepburn’s Leucosticte 
25 176 Black Leucosticte. . 

528 177 Brown-capped Leucosticte 
527 178 Greenland Sto prea 
527a 178a Hoary Redpoll... 
528 179 Redpoll:.....-. SS 
A28a 179a Holboell’s Redpoll 
528b 179a Greater Redpoll 
529 181 
529a 181 Western Goldfinch.. 
5380 182 Arkansas Goldfinch 
530a 182a Arizona Goldfinch...... 
580b 182b Mexican Goldfinch 
531 183 Lawrence's Goldfinch 
[532]184 Black-headed Goldfinch...... 
533 185 Pine Siskin-:--...-. 
534 186 Snowflake 
534a 186 Prybilof Snowflake......... ' 
535 McKay’s Snowflake 


Western Hyening Grosbeak... 


Guadalupe House Finch.._.. 4 


American Goldfinch........ if 


2 85 
1% 1% 
40 60. 
40 60 
40-60: 
35 50 
100 150 
35 BO 
7 100: 
40 60 
40 60 
% 10) 
100 200 
100 150 
125 200 
200 300 
200 300 
200 300: 
50 5 
50 100 
100 125 
50 100: 
100 150 
75 100 
35 50 
1530 
30 50 
1b 
20 35 
40 50 
25 40 
15 95 
50 100 
75 100 
30. 45 
30 50 
30 50: 
50 75 
25 40 
100 200 
4) 60 
100 150: 
30 50 
40 60 
20 30 
20 50: 
20 50 
20 40 
20 40 
20 © 40 
20 40 
20 40 
40 60 
30 50 
60 100 
100 150 
20 75 
15 
25 40 
25 40 
2 40 
25 40 
15 35 
50 75 
25 60 
125 260 
7 100 
7 125 
350 500 
75 100 
175 250 
175 250 
15 OD 
12 200 
75 100 
10% 
25 35. 
30 40 
100 150 
40 50 
75 125 
15 25 
295 35 
50 75 
800 10 00 


PHk 


187 
188 
189 


Lapland Longspuv... ..... 
Sm th’s Longspur 
Chestnut collared Longspur 
199 McCown’s Longspuv........ 
197 Vesper Sparrow...... 
540a 197a Western Vesper Sparrow 
540b 197a Oregon Vesper Sparrow 
541 192 Ipswich Sparrow...... 
54’ 198 Sandwich Sparrow...... 
542a 193a Savanna Sparrow 
F42b 193b Western Savanna Sparrow 
542c 194 Bryant's Marsh Sparrow 
548 194 Belding’s Marsh Sparrow 
544 196 Large-billed Sparrow 

544a 195 St. Lucas Sparrow’.....:.. 
545 191 Baird’s Sparrow 

546 198 Grasshopper Sparrow 4 
546a 198a West. Grasshopper Sparrow 
547 199 Henslow’s Sparrow. 
547a 199 West. Henslow’s Sparrow 
548 200 Leconte’s Sparrow 
549 201 Sharp-tailed Sparrow 
549a 201a Nelson’s Sparrow 


549b 201 AcadianSharp-tailedSparrow 


550 202 
5d0a 202 
5p0b 202 


Seaside Sparrow 
Scott’s Seaside Sparrow 
Texas Seaside Sparrow ... 
551 203 Dusky Seaside Sparrow 
552 204 Lark Sparrow...... 

5 a 204a Western Lark Sparrow 
553 205 Harris’s Sparrow 
554 206 White-crowned Sparrow 
Roda 207a Intermediate Sparrow 
5d4b 207 Gambel’s Sparrow...... 
557 «208 Golden-crowned Sparrow 
558 209 White-throated Sparrow _... 
559 210 Tree Sparrow 

559a 210 Western Tree Sparrow .... 
560 21! Chipping Sparrow ......... 
570a 2lla Western Chipping Sparrow 
212 Clay-colored Sparrow 
213. Brewer's Sparrow...... 
214 Field Sparrow...... 
Western Field Sparrow...... 
Worthen’s Sparrow . _ 
Black-chinned Sparrow. .. 
W hite-winged Junco 
Slete-colored Junco 
Oregon Junco 
Shuteldt’s Junco 
Thurber’s Junco 
Point Pinos Junco 
Carolina Junco ... 
Pink-sided Junco 
Ridgway’s Junco.... _. 
Gray-headed Junco 
Arizona Junco 
Red-backed Junco 
Baird’s Junco Sept 
Townsend’s Junco...:..... 
Guadalupe Junco 
d73 224 Black throated Sparrow 
574 225 Bell’s Sparrow....-. 
Dida 225a Sage Sparrow 
A740 Gray Sage Sparrow. ....... 
d75 «6.226 «=Pine-woods Sparrow 
575a 226a Bachman’s Sparrow 
o”6 227 Arizona Sparrow |... 
577 Mexican Sparrow ...... 
578 228 Cassin’s Sparrow 
579 229 Rufous-winged Sparrow 
580 230 Rufous-crowned Sparrow 
58 a 280a Boucard’s Sparrow...... 
580b Rock Sparrow...... 
581 231 Song Sparrow 
d81a 281a Desert Song Sparrow 
581b 231a Mountain Song Sparrow 
d81c 231b Heermann’s Song Sparrow 
581d 231c Samuel’s Song Sparrow...... 
58le 231d Rusty Seng Sparrow ....... 
581f 23le Sooty Song Sparrow 

581g Brown’s Song Sparrow...... 
d8ih Santa Barbara Song Sparr. 
58li San Clemente Song Sparr. 
582 232 Aleutian Song Sparrow 

583 234 Lincoln’s Sparrow 
583a 2384 Forbush’s Sparrow 
584 233 Swamp Sparrow 

5685 235 Fox Sparrow ....... 
485a 235a Townsend's Sparr ow.. 
585b 235b Thick-billed Sparrow 


561 
562 
AH3 
568a 
564 
56d 
5°6 216 
567 217 
d67a 218 
567b 218 
567¢ 218 
567d 
H567e 217 
568 219 
568.1 
569 220 
D70 222 
570a 221 
brat 
D711 
572 223 


215 


20 
60 


40 
25 
40) 
25 
30 
10) 
150 
100 
ri) 
40) 
10 
20 
20 
20 
30 
15 
15 
25 
15 


20 


ene 
SSasS 


OOLOGIST. 


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LS 


; 605 


585c 285¢ Slate-colored Sparrow 
586 236 Texas Sparrow 
Gey Gaia MMonyneyeyy ok aes 
587a 237a White-eyed Towhee 
588 “38 Arctic Towhee 

588a 238a Spurred Towhee 
£88b 238b Oregon Towhee 

589 238¢ Guadalupe Towhee 
5:0 239 Green-ta lei Towhee 
591 240 Canon Towhee ........ 
591a 240a St. Lucas Towhee 
591b 240b Californian Towhee 
592 241 Abert’s Towhee...... 
593 242 Cardinal... .. 

498a 2424 Arizona Cardinal 
593b 242a St. Lucas Cardinal 
593¢ 242 
£94 245 
594a 243 
594b 243 
595 244 
596 245 
597 +46 
59Ta 246 
598 248 
AYQ 249 
600 250 
600a 250 
601 251 
602 252 
603 23 
{603 1] 
604 254 
605 254 
160 
607 162 
[607.1] 
608 11 


Gray-tailed Cardinal...... 
RexaniCarGinaleeen Vase 
Avizona Pyrrhuloxia...._.._. 
St. Lueas Pyrrhuloxia 
Rose breasted Grosbeak 
Black-headed Grosbeak 
Blue:Grosheak ) | 225 
Western Blue Grosbeak...... 
Indigo Bunting 
Lazuli Bunting 
Varied Bunting 
Beautiful Bunting 
Painted Bunting 
Sharpe’s Seed-eater 
GralsS qiniities en eens 
Melodious Gre aseaie 
DHickcissel . 
LarkjBuntine)  — Sse 
Blue-headed Buphonia 8 
Louisiana Tanager... -... 

Gray’s Tanager 
Scarlet Tanager . ... 

609 163 Hepatic Tanager 

610 164 Summer. Tanager 

610a 164a Cooper’s Tanager 

611 152 Purple Martin . 

61la 152 Western Martina. 

611.1 152aCuban Martin 

612 153 Cliff Swallow . 

(612.1) 

6138 154 Barn Swallow 

614 155 Tree Swallow..:....... 

615 156 Violet-Green Swallow 

(6'5.1] Bahaman Swallow...... 

616 157 Bank Swallow _.... 

617 158 Rough-winged Swallow 

618 150 Bohemian Waxwi ing 

619 151 Cedar Waxwing 

620 26 Phainopepla...... 

621 148 Nortnern Shrike ._.. 

622 149 Loggerhead Shrike ...._._. 

622a 149a White-rumped Shrike....... 

622b 149a California Shrike | _. 

623 1-7 Black-whiskered Vireo 

624 135 Red-eyed Vireo.. Mean 

625 4386 Yellow-green Vireo...... 

626 138 Philadelphia Vireo ne 

627 139 189a Warbling: Vireo...... 

628 140 Yellow-throated Vireo.... 

629 41 Blue-headed Vireo. .... 

629a 141a Cassin’s Vireo... 

629b 141b Plumbeous Vireo.... ane 

629e 141 Mountain Solitary Vireo.... 

680 142 Black-capped Vireo 

631 143 White-eyed Vireo 

631la Key West Vireo.... 

632 Hutton’s Vireo 

632a Stephen’s Vireo .. 

633 145 Bell’s Vireo.... 

633a 146 Least Vireo 

634 147 Gray Vireo. 

159 Bahama Honey Creeper.. 

74 74a Black and White Warbler 
Prothonotary Warbler.. 
Swainson’s Warbler 
Worm-eating Warbler.... 
Bachman’s Warbler ae 
Blue-winged Warbler... 
Golden-winged Warbler.... 
Lucy’s Warbler ae 
Virginia’s Warbler 

- Nashville Warbler 
Calav-ras Warbler...... 

86 Orange-crowned Warbler.... 

86a Lutescent Warble. 


144 


CCR bo 


ror 
SSRSSSSusugs 


THE OOLOGIST. 


224 

646b Dusky Warbler...... 

647 87 Tennessee Warbler .... 50 
648 8&8 Parula Warbler.... Suns 15 
649 89a Sennett’s Warbler.... lau) 
650 90 Cape May Warbler dhs 50 
651°. 92 Olive Warbler ..... Shae Lat) 
652 93 Yellow Warbler mere 20 
652a 93 Sonora Yellow War bler. 20 
653 Mangrove Warbler...... 500 
654 94 Black-throated Blue Warbler 20 
655 95> Myrtle Warbler  ...... 10 
656 96 Audubon’s Warbler Petes. cu) 
657 97 Magnolia Warbler ...... 20 
658 98 Cerulean Warbler .. 50 
659 99 Chestnut-sided Warbler.... 10 
660 100 Bay-breasted Warbler...... 40 
661 101 Black-poll Warbler.... sets 163 
662 102 Blackburnian Warbler.... 20 
663 103 Yellow-throated Warbler. . 40 
66a 103a Sycamore Warbler...... AO 
664 104 Grace’s Warbler  _........ 2 00 
665 105 Black-throated Gray Warbler 75 
666 106 Golden-cheeked Warbler.... 400 
667 107 Bl’k-throated Green Warbler 29 
668 108 Townsend’s Warbler.... 1 50 
669 109 Hermit Warbler.... soo LD 
6°0 110 Kirtland’s Warbler.... 4 00 
671 111 Pine Warbler...... Bae 15 
672) listo eaAlmuiVWiarbleriwee va.) 30 
672a 113a Yellow Palm Warbler.... 15 
673 114 Prairie Warbler...... ay 20 
Oe Ws Oxneialonveolsoedba 9 codon 15 
675 116 Water-Thrush ..... Sho 20 
675a 116a Grinnell’s Water- Thrush. stale add) 
676 117 Louisiana Water-Thrush.... 45 
677 119 Kentucky Watbler...... 50 
678 118 Connecticut Warbler...... 50 
679 120 Mourning Warbler...... 50 
680 121 Macgillivray’s Warbler...... 50 
681 122 Maryland Yellow-throat.. 15 
681a 122 Western Yellow-throat...... 40 
681b 122 Florida Yellow-throat.... 

682 Belding’s Yellow-throat.... 250 
682.1 Mirador Yellow-throat.... 

683 123 Yellow-breasted Chat ..... 30 
683a 123a Long-tailed Chat ..... 30 
684 124 Hooded Warbler ...... 40 
685 125 Wilson’s Warbler ...... 30 
685a 125a Pileolated Warbler...... 30 
686 127 Canadian Warbler Ha 20 
687 128 American Redstart. .... 15 
688 129 Painted Redstart eae 150 
[689] 139 Red-bellied Redstart sooo Ih ED) 
690 131 Red-faced Warbler Stade 1 50 
[691}182 Red Warbler _....... 2°00 
(692]133 Brasher’s Warbler tae 200 
{693]134 Bell’s Warbler ....... 2 60 
[694] 69 White Wagtail.... eee 50 
(695) Swinhoe’s Wagtail...... 

696 70 Siberian Yellow Waste 60 
697 71 American Pipit.. e 20 
[698] 72 Meadow Pipit...... 50 
[699] Red-throated Pipit ...... 150 
700 %3 Sprague’s Pipit...... 500, 1 OW) 
701 19 American Dipper ae 50 
nove 10) Sage Thrasher... 7 -..-- 40 
703. 11 Mockingbird sea seog 2) 
74 12 Catbird Erie Wey ug Lame ee ciee 15 
705 13 Brown Thrasher... ise 20 
706 13aSennett’s Thr asher eae 20 
707 +15 Curve-billed Thrasher...... 20 
707a 15a Palmer’s Thrasher.... leo) 
708 14a Bendire’s Thrasher...... 1450 
709 14 St. Lucas Thrasher seus elsCl0) 
710 16 California Thrasher.... 60 
711 16a Leconte’s Thrasher ...... 150 
712 17 Crissal Thrasher..... 6 100 
M13 56 Cactus Wren.... ‘sane 40 
14 57 St. LucasCactus Wren.... 125 
(Sie oSe VOCE VWALG Taner nto 30 
716 58a Guadalupe Rock Wren.... 

{717] 59 White-throated Wren.... 1500 
TW1?a 59a Canon Wren.. at) 1 00 
T17b 59 Dotted Canon Wren ..... 1 00 
G18) (60M Carolinanwimenkr neers 30 
718a 60b Florida Wren ...... 75 
718b 60 Lomita Wren...... 

719 61 Bewick’s Wren.... Arseny reno) 
9a 61a Vigor’s Wren dsc 45 
719b 61b Baird’s Wren............- 45 
720 62 Guadalupe Wren ...... 


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SPECIES. 


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[764] 20 
765 21 


(OB) Telroybistey AWAKEN beanie 29 
68a Parkman's Wren ree 2d 
63a Western House Wren Bans tea 
6h. Winter) Wren Sia (iene. 20 
65a Western Winter Wren.. 40 
66 Alaskan Wren...... 2 00 
68 Short-billed Marsh Wren.. 6) 
67 Long-biiled Marsh Wren ... 20 
67a Tule Wren.. 30 
Wor thington’ s Marsh Wren 
Marian’s Marsh Wren...... 30 
5) Brown Creeper...... sae 20 
h2a Mexican Creeper. ...... 50 
Ab Rocky Mountain Creeper.. 30) 
55 California Creeper. . 30 
51 White-breasted Nuthatch.. 20 
5la Slender-billed Nuthatch.. 30 
hl la. White-br’st’d Nuthatch 
52 Red-breasted Nuthatch ..... 2d 
53 Brown-headed Nuthatch.... 25 
54 Pygmy Nuthatch  ...... 25 
54 White-naped Nuthatch 
36 Tufted Titmouse..... Fas 20 
Texan Tufted Titmouse... 20 
37 Black-crested Titmouse.... 20 
38| Plain Titmousey..) 7 22.2.2 30 
38 Gray Titmouse a4 60 
Ashy Titmouse...... PA yan? (13) 
39 Bridled Titmouse ee 60 
41 Chickadee eee aL) 
41a Long-tailed Chickadee .... 40 
41b Oregon Chickadee.. 50 
42 Carolina Chickadee... . 25 
Plumbeous Chickadee ..... (i) 
43 Mexican Chickadee...... 1 00 
40 Mountain Chickadee..... 60 
44 Siberian Chickadee...... 400 
45 Hudsonian Chickadee...... 30 
Kowak Chickadee  ..... 60 
Columbian Chickadee.... 
45 Chestnut-backed Chickadee Yb) 
46a Californian Chickadee.... 50 
eB) WARSI ey 55 wisete 40 
35 Pallid Wren-Tit Says 1 00 
i eS | Gob A 25 
47 Californian Bush-Tit..... 25 
Grinda’s Bush-Tit Se 200, 
48 Lead-colored Bush-Tit.. 25 
Santa Rita Bush-Tit ..... 100 
49 Lloyd’s Bush-Tit...... 80 
Oi) “Wier Gims Sc) scet ban Meee 30 
34 Kennicott’s Willow Warbler 3 00 
33 Golden-crowned Kinglet.. 20 
33a West. Gold.-crowned Kinglet 25 
30 Ruby-crowned Hinglebst Monat 35 
31 Dusky Kinglet.. 3 50 
27 «=Blue-gray Gnatcatcher. 20 
27 Western Gnatcatcher. 
28 Plumbeous Gnatcatcher.... 40 
29 Black-tailed Gnateatcher.... 50 
25 Townsend’s Solitaire.... 40 
1 Wood Thrush...... trae pete 
Qe WhalsontsiinrwShva is eee 20 
Willow Thrush .... sere 50 
3 Gray -cheeked Thrush...... 20 
3 Bicknell’s Thrush...... 50 
4 Russet-backed Thrush.... 85 
4a Olive-backed Thrush...... 20 
5 Dwarf Hermit Thrush.... 30 
5a Audubon’s Hermit Thrush 30 
5b Hermit Thrush.... SHS 20 
6 Red-winged Thrush...... 60 
7. American Robin....  .:..-: 20 
ja Western Robin Raga 30 
8 St. Lucas Robin.. shop eHow) 
9 Varied Thrush 60 
Red- pe aeesie Bluethroat.... 1 00 
Wheatar. oe 40 
ey dawhevelopbXel ep aes Apes ee UCD) 
Azure Bluebird NB isn 100 
23 Western Bluebird...... es) 
24 Mountain Bluebird ' .... 30 
English Pheasant...... 100 
Ring Pheasant .... 3 00 
Green Pheasant Has 1 00 
Silver Pheasant ... He OED) 
Golden Pheasant sen 5 00 
Black Grouse 200 
European Goldfinch. . 40 
English Sparrow....... 15 
Eur opean Tree Sparrow.. 35 


ee ae 
BS ah 
is 


NE_ 
5) 


Monthly. 


VOL. XI. NO. 7. 


eindaanansngeges~ )) \egpangagegeste 7 


oe oe 


ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1894. 


> (OL0GISY. < 


a 


50c. per Year. 


2 


WHOLE No. 105 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ““Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 
for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. ‘Terms, cash with order. 


“DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 


’ 


Exchange Cards and Coupons (Subscription) will be accepted for ‘“‘Wants” and ‘“‘Exchanges’ only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


I HAVE many articles to trade for photo 
Supplies, and camera, etc. JAMES ODELL, 
JR., Austin, Texas. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets including 
101, 207, 293a, 311, 313, 318, 319, 320a, 335, 362, 380, 
387. 419, 421, 439, 410, etc., “etc. Send full list. 
Raptores especially desired. THOMAS H. 
JACKSON, West Chester, Penn. 


TO EXCHANGE.—I have a Snare drum to 
exchange for taxidermist’s instruments, or any 
thing useful. Letters answered. MITCHILL 
CHANEY, Pricetown, Highland Co., Ohio. 


FOR SALE.—A fine solid silver open face 
watch nearly new, cost $18. Will sell for $13 
Cash or books equal value. Make offer. W. F. 
WEBB, Gaines, N. Y. 


I HAVE mounted birds, skins and four vol- 
umes of the OOLOGIST to exchange for same or 
books on Ornithology. C. W. CONREY. Box 1, 
Knoxville, Iowa. 


TO EXCHANGE.—About 90 first-class singles 
for other eggs in sets. Terms easy. Corres- 
pondence solicited. C. T. MUELLER, 406 Park 
St., Milwaukee, Wis. 

— 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Those wishing to 
exchange first-class sets with data for same 
write at once, I also offer some Buff Cochin 
Bantams to ex. for sets, ARTHUR V. CLIF- 
TON, 232 S. Lumpkin St., Athens, Ga. 


A RARE Sheet of Stamps. What am I 
offered for a Sheet containg 100 ten cent (pale 
blue) Confederate stamps of the general issue 
of 1863. I want either cash, photographic sup- 
plies, watch or Ruby lantern. No specimens. 
JAMES ODELL, JR.,; Austin, Texas. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Scroll saw outfit, 1 doz. 
Brewster’s patent rein holders (fine sellers), 
books of all kinds, by standard authors, 1 doz. 
Family Rights for making ‘‘Eureka Labor 
Saving Laundry Soap,” Formulas for making 
the noted mineral waters and Van Stan's 
Stratena, for corals, minerals and Indian relics. 
FRANK M. HEWLETT, Dresden, Yates Co., 


- Y¥. 


HAWKS and Owls Eggs in sets for cash, or- 
exchange for eggs or skins. Lists from ad- 
vanced collectors solicited. My list sent to all. 
A. W. CANNED, 72 Wabash Ave., Chicago, Til. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—1 Scovill Camera 4144x 
54% complete, with tripod. For 4x5 Hand Cam- 
era or breech loading shot gun. C.K, PHILP, 
Port Hope, Ont. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A fine collection of two 
hundred and fifty postage Stamps, valued at 
from one to ten cents each. H. C. ALLEN, 
159 Pennsylvania Ave., Newark, N. J. 


UNUSED Confederate Stamps for back num- 
bers of journals, papers and also books on 
photography. JAMES ODELL, JR., Austin, 
Texas. 


RARE EGGS.—I have secured the collection 
of eggs from a large museum recently sold out 
at auction. A part ofthese I will sell, can offer 
Eagles, Owls, Hawks, Cranes, Storks and hun- 
dreds more very cheap. Send stamp for list. 
ce fe LITTLE, 225 Market St., San Francisco, 

al. 


WHAT can you offer for an ‘American Chal- 
lenge Bicycle? Fifty inch gear. Direct spokes. 
Original value $90. ROBERT MAXWELL, 
Lock Box 1961, South Bend, Ind. 


‘TO EXCHANGE.—Fineiy prepared sets with 
complete data. Many with nests. Reliable 
collectors please send lists. J. WARREN 
JACOBS. Waynesburg, Pa, 


WANTED.—W. Raine’s, Bird Nesting in 
North-west Canada. Will give good exchange 
in rare eggs. CHESTER IRVINE, George- 
town, Texas. 


$10 Worth of first-class desirable sets 428, 
494, 727, etc., for Coues’ Key, Ridgway’s Man-- 
ual, Cabinet or supplies. MILLARD VAN 
WAGNER, Gretna, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—First-class eggs in sets or 
Singles, send list and receive mine, also $4.50 
Quackenbush air rifle in good condition, for 
best offer. M. H. GREENE, Locust, N. J. 


226 


TO EXCHANGE.—For complete volume of 
Ornithologist and Oologist, or Auk: Birds 
Michigan; Birds Minnesota; Mammals Minne- 
sota. Write for list. WM. H. FISHER, 14 W. 
North Ave., Baltimore, Md. 


FOR SALE.—A collection Of first-class skins, 
mostly made by Worthington, and eggs with 
data, singly or entire. Send for list. H. L. 
BALLOWE, Diamond, La. 


BARGAINS in sets with full data.Black Vul- 
ture 1%. 40c. per egg; Painted Bunting %4, 6c, 
per egg; Orchard Oriole 1-5, 3c. per egg. Hn- 
close 5c. for postage for orders under 50c, 
. HERBERT STERZING, Austin, Texas. 


FOR SALE.—Registered Berkshire pigs $20 
per pair not akin. Will exchange a pair for 
best offer high value Columbian stamps. GEO. 
STAPLIN, JR., Mannsville, Jeff. Co., N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—-Geological Survey of Ohio 
Vol. IV; Zoology, containing description of 
Birds of Ohio for best offer of eggsin sets. W. 
C. MILLS, Mt. Vernon, Ohio. 


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and Eggs, or other standard Ornithological 
works, or Showy shells. Send for lists. O. A. 
PFEIFFER, San Antonio, Texas. 


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coined before 1874, 1 will give four different 
Foreign coins, or two United States Liberty 
cents, dated prior to 1815. O. J. SWANDER, 
Kenton, Hardin Co., Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Sets of Black-chinned 
Hummingbird,with data and nest.for first-class 
sets from Eastern States. Address, C. A. 
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and 100 envelopes for only 75 cents. Send 
stamp for samples. Order quick. W. W. 
LOOMIS, Clermont, Iowa. 


FIRST-CLASS eggs aud novels to cxchange 
fOr Cees with data. W.A. STRONG, Tulare, 
al. 


FOR FIVE DOLLARS worth sets, standard 
data, or small bore single gun, will give 45 
numbers ‘‘Popular Science,’ over 7000 pages 
natural history, chemistry, ete. OTTO 
GRADY, Ludlow, Ky, 


EXCHANGHE.—New double barrel {shot gun, 
all improvements, 12 gauge, for first-class eggs 
in sets. Correspondence solicited. GEORGE 
WALL, Silver Creek, N.Y. 


PARTIES having sets or skins of Starling 
Thrush and Cuckoo families. to sellor ex- 
change, send list with prices. Correspondence 
invited. W.E. MULLIKEN, 527 So, Laf. St., 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 


I WILL GIVE $12 worth of sets fora good 
second-hand Smith & Wesson Double Action 
32 cal. Revolver. Parties having same for ex- 
change write me for list of eggs. Must be in 

ood order. Write immediately. R.N. WIL- 

IAMS, JR., Tallahassee, Fla. 


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Leghorn Chickens, Rabbits and Guinea Pigs of 
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THE OOLOGIST. 


SETS AND SINGLES of Nos. 191, 218, 373,. 
751; Skins of 218, 208. 513; set of minerals, for- 
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Diamond, La. fy 


TO EXCHANGE.—For best offer of first-class 
eggs in sets, by August 1, a pair of live Great. 
Horned Owls in full plumage. E.B.SCHRAGE, 
Pontiac, Mich. 


GRANT’S MEMOIRS, Cyclopedia Natural 
History and other new books. cloth bound. Egg 
Calipers, Fountain Pen, Chautauqua Mineral 
Collection and eggs, to exchange for first-class 
sets, Indian Relics and Curios. Send list and 
receive mine. WALTER A. LOVETT, Ox- 
ford, Mass. 


WANTED.—A Safety bicycle. Have to offer- 
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$10 worth of stamps, a few eggs, Ornithological 
papers, and, possibly, some cash. Also want 
Microscope, Surgical instruments and E flat. 
alto horn. All letters answered. FRED 5S. 
HAGGART, Chagrin Falls, Ohio. 


THE JULY number of the The Naturalist is 
unusually interesting and is also profusely 
illustrated. Among them is an article on the 
Golden Eagle. illustrated by a fine half-tone; 
a half-tone of Flamingoes and Nests;a Taxider- 
mists’ Camp: etc. etc. Send 5 cents for sample 
copy. HERBERT STERZING, Austin, Texas. 


FOR SALE or exchange. Cedar boat 14 ft. ~ 
long. 87 inches wide, 11 deep, with nickle oar- 
locks, four, 7 foot cedar spoon oars, weight 60 
pounds, cost #8 in New York, almost good as 
new. Also Auto-harp,largest size (No. 6). with 
alot of music. Will sell either or exchange- 
for 12ga. hammerless shot gun. All answered. 
L. B. BOOKER, Pembina, N. Dak. 


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strong enough for all medical purposes. Must 
bein Al condition. Send full description. 
Can offer Birds eggs, shells, corals, minerals, 
or anything in the Natural History Line. 
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FOR SALBE.—An extremely ornamental and 
substantial Oaken Egg Cabinet, 62 inches high, 
2 inches wide, 30inches deep. 18 drawers of 
graduating depths, heavy glass doors, brass 


hinges. hinge plates, drawer pulls, and etc. 
Will hold 1000 sets of eggs. Portable walnut 
strips for every drawer accompany it. Would 


answer equally well for Collection of Etchings, 
Coins or Silverware. The handsomist Cabinet 
in the Country. Cash $185. Price now $100. 
Address, RIDLEY PARK FERNERIES, Rid- 
ley Park, Pa. 


UNUSED Confederate Stamps. These 
stamps are new and uncancelled, and as I have: 
only a few hundred left, you must write quick. 
Those collectors not having these stamps in 
their collection, now’s your chance. All of 1863 
general issue. 2c rose at 16c; 10c pale blue at 
6c; 20c green at5c. All stamps sent postpaid. 
Two of each for 50c. postpaid. Address, JAS. 
ODELL, JR., Austin, Texas. 


CRYSTALS.—Recently returned from an ex- 
tended tour of the Southern States. I can 
offer collectors and dealers, cheap, some bar-- 
gains in Minerals. Rare formsin North Caro- 
lina Rock Crystals, inclusions of rutile, mica, 
chlorite, water-drops, graphite, magnetite, red 
clay, &c, manazite and zircon, and many oth- 
ers. A few exchanges wanted with advanced 


collectors. Collections sent on approval to- 
responsible parties. E. H. HARN, Blairsyille,. 
Pa. 


THE OOLOGIST. 227 


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tained in my collection. Send list and receive 
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Indian Relics. I have also Elk and Deer Ant- 
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loader. C.J. FITH, Denver, Ind. 


WILL SELL a fine collection of eggs dirt 
‘cheap or will trade for high grade Bicycle. 
Write for particulars. No postal cards. W.F. 
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“Tt gives me pleasure to say that from my 
recent advertisement in your paper I have re- 
-ceived nearly forty answers. In my mind the 
OOLOGIST. as an advertising medium,surpasses 
allother Magazines. May it live long and pros- 
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Cala.” 


LARGE ASSORTMENT of scientific birds’ 
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every respect, and are correctly classified. 
‘Correspondence invited. S. VAN RENSSEL- 
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I AM PLEASED to inform my many friends 
and patrons that Babbitt’s new auxiliary bar- 
‘rel or ‘‘tube’’ with extractor is now ready. The 
extractor on tube is worked by extractor on 
gun and ejects the shells to perfection without 
removing tube from barrel of gun. Although 
costing double the price of any extractor on the 
market we shall sell as low as ths lowest. 
Price $250. Send for circular. JAMES P. 
BABBITT, Taunton, Mass. 


WANTED.—Portable Forge; Goodell Turn- 
ing Lathe; Colt’s Double or Single Action Re 
volver, 38 cal. W. C. F.;7 x7 or 7x 9 Wall Tent; 
Steel Traps, sizes 0, 1. 2,4; ‘Cyclone’? Mouse 
‘Traps;Scbhuyler Rat and Mouse Traps; Aneroid 
Barometer (altitude); Compound Microscope. 
Have to exchange for above *“‘American Ram- 
bler”’ Bicycle, combination, 24 im. front, 28 in. 
rear wheels. 14 in., Cushion Tires, balls all 
around; ‘Simplex’ Printer, 5x 8; Babbitt col- 
lecting Tube. 38 cal. with Wad Cutter; Climb- 
ing Irons, strapped (Lattin’s best); ‘‘New Rog- 
‘ers’’ Seroll Saw; Flute, Key of D., Grenadilla 
Wood, 8 german silver keys; Books on Orni- 
thology, Oology, Travels, etc; Birds’ skins and 
Eggs, and Mounted Birds. THAD. SURBER, 
White Sulphur Springs. W. Va. 


FOR SALE.—Minerals, Fossils, Curios, In- 
dian Relics, Choice Polished Shells from Wis- 
consin rivers, Mazon Creek Fossil Plants and 
Insects. The finest collection of Polished Coral 
inthis country. Beautiful Fossil Fish,Cameos, 
Gems. Stones, etc. GEO. WILKINSON. Mor- 
ris, Ll. Jy3t. 


SECOND HAND BOOKS. Gray’s Structural 
and Systematic Botany,31.50. Steeles’ Popular 
Zoology, 300 pp., finely illustrated, $1.25. 
Wood's Mammoth Natural History, 900 pp., 
hundreds illustrations, $3.00. White’s Natural 
History, Selbourn, Wew, $2.50. Ornithologist 
and Oologist, 89 and 90 in 1 vol,.fine $2,50. E.H, 
LATTIN & CO., Albion, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Columbian stamps in exchange 
for Indian Relics, rare and common sirgles 
and sets, and specimens. For Sale.—Set of 
Hooded Mergenser, 1-9. and other rare sets at 
one-half list price. J. MINCHIN, Fleming, 
Cayuga Co., N. Y. 


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rare Revenue, Department or Envelopes, for 
cash or exchange. Also purchase any rare or 
desirable Foreign. Send what you have regis- 
tered with lowest price. W. F. WEBB,Gaines, 
Orleans Co., N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A. O. U. No. 420, 611, 549, 
681, 550, 201, 212, 724, 683, 725 and others. Send 
list and receive mine. W. E. TYLER, Lyme, 
Conn. 


TO EXCHANGE. - Foreign Columbian and 


Old U. S. Stamps for Curiosities. Address, 
CHAS. SIMMONS, No. 91 Peachtree Street, 
Atlanta, Ga. 


ARIZONA Cactus, 50c each prepaid. Apache 
Indian Caskets, $1.50 each prepaid. P. M. 
WILLIAMS, Justice Peace, Morecopa, Arizo- 
na. , 


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Hornaday’s Taxidermy, Ridgeway’s Manual, 
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Ta. 


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Sets 4 Killdeer, 30c. Sets 10 Bobuhile, 30c. 
Send for list of unparalelled bargains. No 
stamps. JAS. HILL, Box 125, Edinburg, Ill. 


INTERESTING ARTICLES fill the pages of 
the Nidiologist. The May number has four 
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articles are notable: Nesting of the Califor- 
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Thorne Miller’s views). Snow Eaters, The Lit- 
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Compound Oxygen Treatment as manifested in 
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THE OOLOGIST 


Davie's Nests and Eggs 


OF 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., D. 
and W. Otto Emerson. 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs 
of the Land and Water Birds of North America, 
which includes all the species known to exist— 
those that occur or are indigenous north of the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. 

The breeding range of each species Ils given, 
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs 
laid, their color and size together with the chief 
characteristics of the bird. 

The arrangement of the work is according to 
the nomenclature of the A. O. U. Code and 
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) 
as used in former editions, are placed to the 
right of each species. Throughout the text all 
the common names of the birds are to be found, 
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is 

iven. 

2 Aninvaluable book asan aid for the identiii- 
eatlen of specimens to all those collecting in the 
fleld, 

The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page 
illustrations. 


Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75. 


F. A. Lattin & Co., Albion, N.Y. 


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and many renewals received since that 
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but not on the wrapper. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. NO. 7. 


Dove Life in Arizona. 

The winter and spring of 1893 I spent 
in Phenix, Arizona, and as I was my- 
self greatly interested in the birds to be 
ffound there, and knowing that at least 
‘one species does not come under the 
motice of many of the veaders of the 
'‘O6LOGIsST, I have thought a few of my 
observations might be of interest. 

It must be understood, that although 
originally the country about Phoenix 
was a desert without vegetation, except 
the usual cacti and stunted desert trees, 
the application of the irrigation system 
has reclaimed several hundred thousand 
acres of fine land, which are now green 
‘with grain and alfalfa, and support 
numberless herds of fine cattle. 

Along the ditches which cross and re- 
‘eross the country, carrying the life 
‘sustaining irrigation, have been plant- 
ed rows of cottonwood and willow 
trees. now of considerable size, and 
these fnrnish resting places and nest- 
ing places for many birds which would 
mot otherwise be found in that region. 

Of the Doves, probably the first in 
point of numbers is the well known 
Mourning Dove; indeed they actually 
swarm everywhere from the city streets 
to the outskirts of the irrigated lands. 
building their nests in all kinds of 
places, often on the ground. Ina 
‘smal! patch of mesquite trees, which a 
friend-and I were exploring one day in 
May for other nests, they were so plen- 
tiful that we flushed them from their 
nests at nearly every step, not a little 
to our annoyance as the noise they made, 
together with the suddenness of their 
movements Was very distracting to our 
attention, and prevented our hearing 
the movements of other birds. As the 
bird is so well known I will only add 
ithat the first eggs were seen on March 


ALBION, N. Y., JULY, 1894. 


VHOLE No. 105 


5th and well grown young on the 17th. 

We now come to the Inca Dove, a 
Dove so diminutive and familiar and 
with such friendly and trusting ways, 
that one feels at once a kindly interest 
init. Itis essentially a bird of the gar- 
den and cultivated districts and is most 
often seen in the shade trees bordering 
the streets and walking about in the 
grass of lawns or in gardens, busily 
picking up its food, and a'lowing a 
person ‘to pass within a few feet with- 
out showing the least alarm. In color 
it is as dainty and as pleasiug as in its 
habits. The general tint is nearly that 
of the Mourning Dove, but each feather 
being edged with a faint blackish line 
of crescentic shape, gives it a peculiar 
scaled appearance, hence the name of 
Sealed Dove by which it is sometimes 
known. But its crowning beauty lies 
in the color of the lining of the wings 
and inner edges of the quills, which are 
of a rich mahogany, showing every 
time the bird takes flight. The tail is 
long in proportion to the bird’s length 
and the outer feathers are much mark- 
ed with white. The entire length is 
about 8.00. 

As the season for nesting approaches 
the males get very pugnacious and 
many are the combats they ' wage. 
They also coo almost incessantly a note 
of two syllables with a decided empha- 
sis on each. It is rather loud and 
hoarse, with a slightly querulous tone 
observable. It is sometimes So unceas- 
ing as to become quite disagreeable, 
especially when a great number are to- 
gether 

I will describe a fight of which I was 
an interested spectator and which was 
uncommonly hot and long contested. 
These two particular birds met in one 
of their foraging expeditions, on the 
edge of an irrigating ditch which, how- 


~ 


% 


230 


ever, had no water in it at the time. 
As preliminary to the affray, each com- 
menced walking around the other, with 
about two feet between them, with 
ruftied neck and lowered head, moving 
the same ludicrously after the manner 
of the common cock. A few turns of 
this sort and they suddenly changed 
their tactics and approaching near, 
each one elevated one of his beautiful 
mahogany-lined wings perpendicularly 
from his back, apparently as a shield, 
and sailed in. Each heat was short but 
plucky, both often rolling over and 
over on the ground. As soon as they 
separated each threw his wing straight 
up again and renewed the attack. Dur- 
ing one of these clinches both rolled to 
the bottom ofthe ditch, but were not 
in the least disturbed, nor did they take 
any notice of me, although I was near 
enough to reach them with my cane. 
After several minutes of this, one of 
them seemed to have had enough, and 
although he would not fly away, began 
to avoid the onsets. The victor, much 
inflated with his success, strutted about 
with bill filled with feathers, of which 
a goodly number were lost during the 
tussles. The incessant flashing of their 
bright wings during the entire time 
was indeed a pretty sight. 

Another habit of these birds, which I 
observed, was very interesting. After 
mating, a pair would approach each 
other. sidewise. place their bills to- 
gether, then each would turn outward- 
ly, describe a small circle, and put their 
bills together again, their heads point- 
ed as at first. This would be kept up 
for several minutes with the regularity 
and precision of a dance. 

The nest of this Dove is placed in 
shade trees, in gardens and along side- 
walks, usually at a moderate elevation, 
and being slight, occupies but a short 
time in building. 

Both birds work at it, one, presuma- 
bly the female, remaining at the nest, 
while the other brings the material, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


which he seldom goes far to obtain. 
Dry grass stems, very fine twigs and! 
a few hairs are generally used. 

When completed, the female imme- 
diately deposits two pure white eggs;, 
the ends of one, in all sets taken by me, 
being more pointed than the ends of 
the other. They average .80x.65. My 
first set was taken on March 10, but. 
half grown young were found on 
March 5. As I continued to find sets. 
up to the time of my leaving, about 
June ist, I suppose several broods are- 
raised. 

I will now close with this Dove by 
describing a tragedy in which one fig- 


_ ured. 


I was standing under some large: 
cottonwoods, watching a Vermiliou 
Flycatcher, who was working upon her 
nest, when my attention was attracted _ 
by a scuffle which was going on ata. 
short distance from me, and going 
closer was not a little surprised to see 
that a Shrike had seized a Dove by the 
neck and was jerking and thrashing it 
upon the ground most vigorously. I 
attempted to rescue the victim, but too- 
late, it being already dead. The Shrike 
flew away and so I lost also the oppor- 
tunity of seeing what he would have 
done with so large a prey. I had never 
known one to kill so large a bird. 

The White-winged Dove was scarcely 
seen during the winter but by April 
they were more common and eggs. 
were found in May and at the time I 
left they were seen in large flocks, but. 
the number of nests obtained did not 


seem at all to compare with the num- 
ber of birds. 
are well known and I will only say that 


Their cream colored eggs- 


in that locality, cottonwoods and wil- 
lows seemed to be their preferred nest- 
ing sites. This Dove is a large and 
quite handsome bird and its call is so- 
norous and far reaching. 


Harrop H. DopGE. 


THE OOLOGIST. 231. 


Notes From Audubon’s Biography. 


Part II. 

America being the native land of Au- 
dubon, he tried to get his drawings en- 
graved in the United States. Wilson’s 
engraver, among others, gave it as his 
Opinion that the drawings could never 
be engraved. In New York other difti- 
culties presented themselves, and he fi- 
nally determined to go to Europe. 
Great was the despondencey he felt as 
he approached the shores of England. 
He had not a single friend or acquain- 
tance to whom he could go, although 
he was the bearer of many letters of in- 
troduction from eminent American 
Statesmen. As he walked the streets of 
Liverpool for the first time his heart 
nearly failed him, for not a glance of 
sympathy did he meet in two days of 
wandering. But how soon was this 
changed! The very first letter tender- 
ed procured hima host of friends. 
His drawings were publicly exhibited 
and publicly praised. The first diffi- 
culty was surmounted. The Rubicon 
was crossed. Honors, which on appli- 
cation being made through his friends, 
. Philadelphia had refused, Liverpool 
heaped upon him. ‘He left that empo- 
rium of commerce, with many a_pass- 
port and additional letter of introduc- 
tion, bent upon a visit to fair Edina. 
He arrived at Manchester, and his visit 
was made very pleasing by the courtesy 
and friendship of all whom he met. 
Friends pressed and urged him to visit 
the beautiful villages of Bakewell, Matt- 
lock and Buxton. It was a trip of pure 


enjoyment. 
Audubon’s journey to Scotland was 
performed along the northwestern 


shores of England. He passed in view 
of Lancaster Castle, and his way led 
him through Carlisle. The principle 
scientific and literary characters of the 
ancient metropolis of Scotland received 
him like a brothe:. The Royal Society, 


The Wernerian Natural History Svwcie- 
ty, The Society of Scottish Antiquaries, 
the Society of Useful Arts,and the Scot- 
tish Academy of Painting, Sculpture, 
and Architecture, spontaneously and. 
gratuitously enrolled him as a member. 
In this capital commenced the publica- 
tion of his Illustrations, and there it. 
might have been accomplished had not 
unexpected difficulties come in the way. 
His engraver, Mr. W. H. Lizars, advis- 
ed him to seek an artist in London, and 
there after many fruitless inquiries he 
became acquainted with Mr. Robert 
Havell, Jr.,by whom his work was con- 
cluded to his complete satisfaction. 

Four years have passed. One vol- 
ume of Audubon’s Illustrations, con- 
taining one hundred plates, has been 
placed before the public. Two objec- 
tions were raised to the mode in which 
the work was published: the great size 
of the paper upon which the represen-- 
tations were made, and the length of 
time necessary for their completion. 
As to the size of the paper, which was 
complained of by some, it could not be 
avoided without giving up one of the 
principal characteristics which Audu- 
bon wished to give to it. Two of the 
greatest authorities on Natural History, 
—Swainson,the ornithologist, and Cuv- 
ier, the center of zoological science at. 
that time,—spoke with enthusiasm in 
favor of this idea. 

Soon after the engraving of his work. 
was commenced Audubon bade adieu 
to his Edinburgh friends, whose many 
kindnesses were impressed indelibly~ 
upon his heart. The object of his jour- 
ney was London. At Newcastle-upon- 
Tyne he made his next halt, and here- 
many, among whom was the venerable: 
Bewick, treated him w'th a great deal. 
of kindness and helped to swell his list 
of subscribers. It was in this place 
that as Wilson had done in America, 
Audubon exhibited some engravings of 
his work, together with the contents of 
his portfolio. In speaking of this Au- 


“282 THE OOLOGIST. 


‘dubon says; ‘‘I cannot say that the em- 
ployment was a pleasant one to me, 
nor do I believe it was to him (meaning 
Wilson,) but by means of it he at the 
time acquired that fame of which I also 
was desirous of obtaining a portion;and 
knowing that should I be successful it 

would greatly increase the happiness 
of my wife and children, I waged war 

‘against my feelings, and welcomed all, 
who, from love of science, from taste, 
or from generosity, manifested an inte- 
rest in the ‘American Woodsman’ ” 

Audubon continued the exhibition of 
his drawings until he reached the skirts 
of London. The next place he visited 

-after leaving Newcastle-upon-Tyne was 
York, where he formed the acquain- 
‘tance of Mr. Phillips, who became an 
eminent Professor of Geology soon af- 
ter. 

On Audubon’s second yisit to Man- 
chester he obtained upwards of twenty 
subscribers in one week, and made 
some lasting friends. He continued 
his journey through Chester, Birming- 
ham, and Oxford, and passed in sight 

-of the famous Castie of Windsor, and 
reached London soon after. 

Audubon had eighty-two letters of in- 
‘troduction in his budget, and besides 
these was the bearer of general letters 
from Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, 
and other prominent American states- 
men, to all our diplomatists and con- 
suls in Europe. After a day spent in 
sight-seeing he devoted the rest of his 
time to visiting. From one great man’s 
door to another he went, but what was 
his snrprise and disapointment, when, 
after wandering the greater part of 
three days, early and late, he had not 
found a single individual at home. 
Wearied and despondent he fthought 
his only chrnce of getting his letters de- 
livered was to consign them to the post, 
which he accordingly did, with the ex- 
ception of one, which was addressed to 
J. G. Children, Esq., British Museum. 
To him Audubon went, and in shim 


found a true friend. Mr. Children 
pointed out to him his error in deposi- 
ting his letters in the post-office. In 
the course of a week afew of those to 
whom his letters were addressed called 
at Audubon’s rooms and left their 
cards, and by degrees he became ac- 
quainted with them. He also renewed 
his acquaintance with Lord Stanley. 
and became known to other noblemen. 

Audubon was subsequently elected a 
member of Linnzan and Zoological 
Societies. 

In the summer of 1828, Audubon with 
his friend Swainson went to Paris, 
where Audubon made the acquaintance 
of the great zoologist, Baron Cuvier, 
M. Lesson, and several other eminent 
men, besides M. Redoute, a great mas- 
ter of flower painting. While in Paris 
they were treated with great kindness 
and cordiality, and were gratified by 
the readiness which the interesting 
specimens in the great Museum of 
France were submitted to their inspec- 
tion. Through the influence of M. Re- 
doute, Audubon was introduced to the 
Duke of Orleans, who later became 
King of France. 


Fox vs. Crows. 


A very interesting incident showing 
the pugnacity of the common crow 
(Corvus americanus) was recently re- 
lated to me. 

The gentleman who made the obser- 
vation, and whose veracity can be de- 
pended upon, told me that one after- 
noon during the early part of last Novy- 
ember he was out driving near Merion 
Square, Philadelphia when his attention 
was attracted by a large number ofcrows 
that were in a cornfield. He at first 
thought they were after the corn, which 
had not yet been husked, but more 
careful observation showed that the 
object of attention and excitement 
among the crows was not corn but a 
common Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) that 


THE OOLOGIST 


was slowly moving up across the field, 
on every side, beseiged by crows, 
which attacted the fox most vigorously 
from all directions. How the affair 
ended, whether the fox escaped from 
his feathered enemies, or succumbed in 
the struggle for existence, I do not 
know, as the party who informed me 
was not sufficiently interested to follow 
up and witness the end of the scene. 

It is a wellknown fact that crows 
frequently destroy young chickens, and 
the eggs of both the domestic fowl and 
wild birds, and I have known them to 
- attact larger animals, but I think their 
making war on foxes is something new. 

W.E. RorzE.u, M. D., 
Norberth, Pa. 


A Few Field Notes. 

May 20, 1893.—The Green Heron is 
notarare bird in this neighborhood. 
While hunting for their eggs today, I 
was successful enough to find two nests, 
one containing eggs, and the other 
young birds. The two nests were very 
roughly made of sticks. They were 
both situated in a small plum thicket, 
about two yards from each other. I 
climbed up to one and found three eggs 
in the nest, and, looking across from 
the tree in which I was in, into the 
other nest, I saw thatit contained three 
young birds about two days old. These 
two nests had evidently been visited 
before I reached them, for this bird 
rarely ever lays less than five eggs. 

May 21. I was successful enough to 
find a nest of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo. 
This bird is gradually becoming scarcer 
in this neighborhood. The nest was 
built without much material and con- 
tained two fresh eggs. It was situated 
in a beech tree about fifteen feet 
from the ground. Going on a little 
further through the grove of beech 
trees, I find a nest of the Baltimore 
Oriole high up ina sugarmaple. This 
nest containedj four eggs partly incu- 


) 233. 
bated. This bird is not as common as. 
its cousin, the Orchard Oriole. 

May 22. To-day I went outand found 
about two dozen Mocking-bird, Cat- 
bird and Brown Thrush’s nests. Going 
homeward I found a set of four of the 
Wilson’s Thrush, incubation about two 


thirds. This bird is becoming rare 
here. 
May 283. Found two nests. of 


the American Crow. One nest con- 
tained a set of five eggs, badly incubat-. 
ed. The other nest contained four: 
fresh eggs. One nest was placed in a 
tall maple about thirty-five feet from 
the ground. The other was in a cedar 
about twenty feet from the ground. 
The nest in the maple was almost twice 
as large as the one in the cedar. 

May 24. Climbed a dead oak 
and was rewarded by getting a fine set 
of the Turkey Vulture. ‘This bird is. 
very common here, but itis very hard 
to find its eggs. The two eggs that I | 
found were placed in a slight indenta- 
tion of a large limb. The eggs were 
beautifully marked and were fresh. 

May 25. Secured a fine set of 
two of the Red-tailed Hawk. The nest . 
was placed in the top of a very large 
oak. It was about one hundred and 
fifteen feet from the ground. The nest 
was of an enormous size. It was very 
rough on the outside, but as_ usual, 
smooth on the inside, and had a few 
oak leaves in it. One of the eggs was.. 
so heavily blotched that the ground color 
could hardly be seen, and the egg itself 
would hardly be recognized as a Red-. 
tail’s, while the other egg hardly had a 
speck on it. 

May 26. Found two nests of the- 
Field Sparrow to-day. This bird is. 
common here as it is almost every-. 
where. One nest had young ones in it, 
while the other had only one egg. Go-. 


-ing into an orchard, I found five nests. 


of the Orchard Oriole. I took two. 
plainly marked sets of four eggs each. 
In a half dead willow I found a fresh. 


234 


set of five of the Bluebird. These eggs 
were perfectly white. 

May 27. Went after some very 
common eggs to-day, namely, the 
Bronzed Grackle. This hird is more 
numerous than any we have, except 
the English Sparrow. Going down 
the bank of a creek, my first find is in 
anelm. There where five nests in this 
tree, out of which I took three fresh 
sets, two of four, and one of five. This 
tree was leaning very far over the 
water, and if the creek had risen three 
feet, two of the nests would have been 
washed away. In four more elms I find 
at least two dozen nests, but only take 
-one more set. The nest from which this 
set was taken, had hardly any more 
material in it than a Mourning Dove's. 

May 28. Found two nests with 
fozr eggs each of the Bee Martin, 
or King bird. Both sets were beauti- 
fully marked, and were fresh. These 
birds are very common here. Going 
home through a little mark I find two 
nests of the Red-wiuged Blackbird. The 
nests were about four feet apart. Hach 
contained a set of four eggs, which 
were fresh. 

May 29. Founda fresh set of seven 
of the Red-headed Woodpecker. Going 
a little farther from the tree, out of 
which I got these eggs, I find a Flick- 
er’s nest with two eggs init. In a ce- 
dar tree, I find a set of fonr of the 
Chipping Sparrow, and not ten feet 
from this tree, a set of five of the 
Meadowlark. Both sets were partly in- 
cubated. Ina beech [I find a set of 
the Blue Jay, also slightly incubated. 
In a high sugar maple, I find a nest of 
the Red-eyed Vireo containing two 
eggs. Ina little patch of briars I find 
a nest of the Towhee with one egg in it. 


May 30. Today I found two sets of 
the Cardinal each of four 
eggs. Both sets were fresh. In a 


Brown Thrush’s nest, out of which I 
have taken a set of four, I find that a 
Mourning Dove has taken up its head- 


THE OOLOGIST 


quarters. Her set of eggs are now in my 
possession. In an old barn, I finda nest 
of the Barn Swallow with two eggs. In 
the chimney of an old deserted cabin, 
I find a set of two of the Chimney Swift. 
JoHN A. McEWEN, JR., 
Bell Buckle, Tenn. 


Bell’s Vireo. 

Bell’s Vireo, though not uncommon 
in this locality of central Illinois, is 
quite unkown except to the enthusias- 
tic collector and the trained ornitholo- 
gist. Its domicile is seldom harried by 
prying small boys, and even the skill- 
full collector must bend in humility 
when he seeks intimate acquaintance 
with this species by visiting it in its 
haunts. It is no gadabout and peddler 
of village gossip, but passes its days 
contentedly warbling, literally, under 
its own vine and figtree. 

Like other vireos, it does not display 
its best manners and warble its sweet- 
est notes away from home among 
strangers, but sings the most gayly 
near the vines and bushes where hangs 
its gossamer-covered home. Its sing- 
ing in any particular vicinity is a pret- 
ty certain index that its nest is con- 
cealed in the neighboring tangle. 

Pass its haunts daily and the chief 
evidence of its existence is the short, 
emphatic, vireo-like notes coming from 
the bushes, a warble shorter than the 
song of any of the vireos, uttered ner- 
yously, with increasing force, pith, and 
rapidity to the end. The singer him- 
self is shy and avoids listeners. First 
he is heard ahead of you, and you see 
him flirt out from the foliage, quickly 
turn, and dart among the leaves again, 
uttering a “quit” or “quit that,” as he 
sports with his spouse and chases her 
through the shrubbery, both talking 
earnestly and rapidly as they dart in 
and out of the bushes. You gently 
press forward, eager to identify and 
observe the restless musicians, but now 


fHE OOLOGIST. 


they are behind you singing from the 
‘tangle, and you only occasionally ob- 
tain a glimpse of them flitting among 
the stems and leaves. However, press 
aside the bushes and crawl into the 
tangle, crouching among brambles 
which penetrate all the salient features 
of your anatomy. Soon you will hear 
the restless creatures warbling even 
above your head. At first he sings 
“quit, oh quit, now quit, why can’t you 
hear?” in the manner above described, 
and then perhaps he soliloquizes softly 
to himself in a subdued, faraway tone, 
barely audible to your attentive ear—a 
‘song which entirely captivates you, and 
you learn to love the shy, modest song- 
ster. 

Along the edge of the woods north of 
my hometown, there was formerly a 
thicket of wild plum trees, bordering a 
small branch which flowed into the 
reek some eighty rods beyond. The 
thicket has now almost disappeared, 
and on either side of the branch are 
cultivated fields, but fringing the 
branch are small bushes of hazel, plum, 
alder, and wild grape vines. It was 
there that my ears were first tuned to 
the melody of Bell’s Vireo, and there I 
first studied its habits. Forty rods 
farther north along the same branch is 
the remnant of the plum grove, inter- 
spersed with volunteer bushes and 
vines, forming :nother tangle where 
this vireo sings and breeds unmolested, 
except by such cranks as_ ourselves. 
Across the creek, and extending forty 
rods beyond, is a narrow, abandoned 
road between two hedgerows, now 
tangled almost impassable with bushes 
and vines, amid which hang the tene- 
ments of Bell’s and the White-eyed Vi- 
reo, though the latter is the more 
numerous in this haunt. But Bell’s 
Vireo, though losing none of its shy- 
ness, often makes its residence in more 
public, though not more open, situa- 
tions. Wild blackberry, hazel, and 
alder bushes overhanging ditches along 


235 


roadsides are frequented, and its pecu- 
liar, characteristic song greets the 
passers-by, who are generally deaf and 
blind to the rounds and sights ever in- 
viting our attention. 

The species begins to nest soon after 
the middle of May. On May 19th, a 
friend who was collecting with me, 
found a nest of Bell’s Vireo containing 
one egg, which we left until May 24th, 
when we found four fresh eggs. ‘This 
nest was suspended by the brim from 
several twigs, two feet from the ground 
on the outer side of wild plum bushes, 
along a hedge crossing the little branch 
previously mentioned. While nests of 
most of the other Vireos are suspended 
from two forking horizontal twigs, the 
nest of this species often depends for 
its support on more than two twigs. 

The nest was well concealed by sur- 
rounding leaves and bushes, and only 
by pulling aside the stems, can the 
structure usually be found, or else by 
getting down where one can look 
through the stems, unobstructed by 
leaves. Like all the low-nesting 
Vireos, Bell’s is very untidy about its 
home, a characteristic of the site being 
the amount of white excrement dropped 
on the subjacent leaves, rendering the 
premises ill-kept and filthy. The nest 
itself, however, catches none of this 
matter, and is kept fresh and clean. 

Both male and female, being seldom 
far away from their lowly home, are 
jealous watchers of its privacy, and 
strongly object to an examination by 
intruders. When their nest is dis- 
turbed, both birds utter a scolding 
wren-like noise represented by the 
sound of pa in the word pair, repeated 
rapidly, more rapidly at times by the 
female than one can count, and they 
will fly quite near the observer in their 
nervous efforts to protect their proper- 
ty and embryonic family. 

Seven nests, examined thus far this 
season, show a similarity in location 
and construction. One found on June 


236 THE OOLOGIST. 


4th was in a small clump of wild black- 
berry bushes overhanging a small, dry 
ditch along the road followed by the 
village boys on their fishing trips. It 
was the least concealed of all the nests 
found, and soon was overtaken by self- 
invited disaster, though I suspect that 
Blue Jays were the guilty parties. The 
nests are made largely of grayish hedge 
bark fibres, among which are worked a 
sort of bright clean soft husk in small 
pieces, fine dried grass, bits of paper, 
and pieces and threads of gossamer. 
Outwardly, the nest generally presents 
an unfinished appearance, the bark 
fibres and pieces of husk being allowed 
to hang loosely from the base and sides 
of the nest. The lining is of fine dried 
grass with here and there a round flat 
flake of gossamer. The cavity 1s firmly 
rounded and smoothly finished, averag- 
ing one inch and five-eighths in diame- 
ter, by one and one-half in depth. 

We never found more than four eggs 
in a nest, and that number appeared to 
constitute a full set, the complement 
being larger than the complements of 
most of the other Vireos. Though 
most observers report the Cowbird ‘as 
imposing its eggs upon this species, 
none of the nests examined by us con- 
tained eggs of the parasite. 

P. M. SILLoway, 
Virden, Ill. 


Nesting Habits of Richardson’s Merlin. 

On May 5th, while out looking for 
Hawks’ eggs, I came to a clump of 
trees, one of which had a Hawk’s nest 
in it. While rapping the trunk a small 
Hawk flew sereeching from a tree on 
my left. Thinking it might have a nest 
near by I rapped the trunk of a small 
poplar which had several woodpecker 
holes in it, the Hawk meanwhile kick- 
ing up a great disturbance overhead. 
As nothing came from this tree, I tried 
another, and at the first rap its mate 
flew from the tree. On climbing up I 


found a cavity in the top, where the 
trunk had been broken off, and inside, 
it, one egg considerably larger than 
that of a Sparrow Hawk, and resem- 
bling the Osprey’s cggs in my collec- 
tion, in style of coloring. I left this. 
egg resolving to visit the place again 
on the Saturday following. (May 12.). 

These birds were new to me, but I 
was certain they must be Merlins. So 
on the 12th, when I went again I took 
my gun with me, intending to shoot. 
one or both the birds, to make cer- 
tain of their identity. 

On climbing to the nest I found four 
handsome eggs, which I took, and also. 
shot the female bird, which I fully 
identified. As these eggs were perfect- 
ly fresh, I concluded that one was laid 
every other day, and not daily, as I 
think most birds do. 

The cavity these eggs were in was. 


‘about eight inches across, one and one- 


half feet deep, and 22 feet from the 
ground, in a black poplar. The birds. 
were very bold, flying round my head 
and perching on the tree within three 
or four feet of me. The female was 
considerably larger than the male, and 
far bolder. 

The eggs are very handsome and are 
of two styles of coloration. Two are 
heavily blotched all over the larger 
half of the egg, while the other two are 
spotted over the entire surface, the: 
ground color being visible only at the 
tip, the markings on the larger end are, 
however, slightly heavier. They are. 
buffy white ground color, blotched and 
splashed with different shades of red- 
dish brown and cinnamon. Sizes, 1.66. 
1.25, 1.59X1.25, 1.60x1.24, 1.61x1.24. 

As this is, without exception, the 
handsomest clutch in my collection, I 
am doubly proud of my find. 

My first large Hawk’s nest this sea- 
son was taken on May 2d, with almost. 
fresh eggs, so I think these Merlin’s. 
build just as early as the larger Hawks, 
and fully a month earlier than the: 
Sparrow Hawks. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


On May 19th, while on an island in 
the river, 1] saw a female Merlin fly 
from a large nest, from which I had 
taken four eggs of the Rough-legged 
Buzzard only ten days before, but was 
very disappointed that I could not get 
to the nest, as the floods in the moun- 
tains made the river so high as to be 
utterly impassable. _ 

J. E. HOUSEMAN, 
Calgary, N. W. T. 


Nesting Habits of the Passenger Pigeon. 


By EUGENE PERICLES, 

There are hundreds and perhaps 
thousands of the younger readers of the 
OéLoGiIsT who have never seen a Pas- 
senger Pigeon alive. In fact there are 
many who have never seen a skin or 
stuffed specimen, for the species is so 
rare now that very few of the younger 
collectors have had an opportunity of 
shooting a bird. And of the present 
generation of odlogists, the ones who 
have secured a set (one egg) are indeed 
very few. 

Many of the older ornithologists can 
remember when the birds appeared 
among us in myriads each season, and 
were mercilessly and inconsiderately 
trapped and shot whenever and where- 
ever they appeared. I could fill a book 
with the accounts of their butcheries, 
and could easily cause astonishment in 
my readers by telling of the immense 
flocks which were seen a quarter of a 
century ago. But wonderful as these 
tales would appear, they would be as 
nothing compared to the stories of the 
earlier writers on birds in America. 
The readers of the OdLOGIST may look 
over the writings of Audubon and Wil- 
son, if marvelous facts on the size of 
the flocks of the wild pigeon are de- 
sired. 

No one can be surprised that the Pas- 
senger Pigeon, Hctopistes migratorius, 
Linn, has become so reduced in num- 


237 


bers, for the war waged upon them for 
generations was so severe, that next to 
total extermination was bound to fol- 
low, unless the birds selected different 
routes of migration, and quarters for 
nesting far removed from the habita- 
tions of man. 

Of course we know that the net and 
gun have been the principle means of 
destruction, but it is almost fair to as- 
sert that even with the net and gun 
under proper restrictions, the Pigeon 
would still be with us in hordes, both 
spring and autumn. For many years 
hunters (butchers) used to shoot the 
birds regularly at their nesting places, 
while the netters were also found near 
at hand. 

I have seen many birds taken by un- 
sportsmanlike netters, for the market 
during spring imigrations, and the pub- 
lished accounts of the destruction by 
netters is almost beyond belief. Doctor 
Kirtland states that near Circleville, 
Ohio, in 1850 there were taken in a sin- 
gle net in one day 1285 live Pigeons. 

The Passenger Pigeon was in the 
habit of crossing the Ohio River by 
March first in the spring migrations, 
and I have noted the birds several 
times in Michigan in February. But 
this was not usually the case, for the 
birds were not abundant generally be- 
fore April first, although no set rule 
could be laid down regarding their ap- | 
pearance or departure either in spring 
or fall. They usually came with a 
mighty rush. Sometimes they did not. 
appear, or at least only very sparingly. 
Their nesting sites would remain the 
same for years if the birds were uumol- 
ested, but they generally had to change 
every year or two, or as soon as the 
roost was discovered by the despicable 
market netter. 


Where the mighty numbers went to 
when they left for the South is not ac- 
curately stated and of course this will 
now never be know, but they were 


238 


found to continue in flocks in Virginia, 
Kentucky and even Tennesee. 

The birds possessed great powers of 
flight as instanced by the account of an 
early writer. He says that Pigeons 
were shot in New York which still held 
undigested rice in their stomachs. It is 
reasoned that this rice could not have 
been procurred nearer than the Caro- 
linas, hence it will be seen, as the bird’s 
digeston is rapid, that these migrants 
must have made very fast time. But 
this tale must be taken with some al- 
lowance. 

It would be agreeable to give your 
readers accounts of some old-time Pig- 
eon haunts, but space does not permit, 
and moreover, most of your readers 
prefer notes on nesting. Without giv- 
ing notes on arrival and mating, we 
will consider the nesting habits. 

In the latter part of April or early 
May the birds began nesting. The nest 
building beginning as soon as the birds 
had selected a woods for a rookery, the 
scene was one of great activity. Birds 
were flying in every direction in search 
of twigs for their platform nests, and it 
does seem that each pair was intent on 
securing materials at a distance from 
the structure. Many twigs were drop- 
ped in flying or at the nest, and these 
were never reclaimed by their bearers. 
but were often picked up by other birds 
from another part of the rookery. This 
peculiarity in so many species of birds 
in nest building, I could never under- 
stand. 

It takes a pair of Pigeons from four 
to six days to complete a nest, and any 
basket maker could do a hundred per 
cent. better job with the same materials 
in a couple of hours. In the nest of the 
Pigeon, man could certainly give the 
birds points for their benefit, for it is 
one of the most shiftless structures 
placed in trees that I have met with. 

The nest is always composed of slen- 
der dead twigs, so far as I have ob- 
served, or ever learn from others, and 


THE OOLOGIST. 


in comparison, though smaller, much 
resembles some of the Heron’s struct- 
ures. In all nests that I have observed 
the materials are so loosely put to- 
gether that the egg or young bird can 
be seen through the the latticed bottom. 
In fact, it has been my custom to al- 
ways thus examine the nests before 
climbing the tree. . 

The platform structures vary in diam- 
eter from six to twelve inches or more, 
differing in size according to the length 
of the sticks, but generally are about 
nine or ten inches across. An acquain- 
tance of mine had tamed some wild 
birds, which at last bred regularly in 
captivity. These birds were well sup- 
plied with an abundance of material 
for their nests and always selected in 
confinement such as described above, 
and making a nest about nine inches in 
diameter. 

The breeding places selected are gen- 
erally found in oak woods, but the 
great nesting sites in Michigan were 
often in timbered lands I am informed. 
The height of the nest varies. It may 
be as low as six feet or all of sixty-five 
feet from the ground. 

Passenger Pigeons are always gre- 
garious when unmolested, and hun- 
dreds of thousands sometimes breed in 
a neighborhood at one time. It is im- 
possible to say how many nests were 
the most found in one tree, but there 
are authenticated instances of ahundred. 
One man, in whose veracity I rely, in- 
forms me that he counted one hundred 
and ten nests in one tree in Emmett coun- 
ty, the Lower Peninsula. Still this may 
not be correct, for we all know how 
easy itis to be deceived in correctly 
counting and keeping record of even 
the branches of a tree, and when these 
limbs are occupied by nests it is cer- 
tainly doubly difficult, and the tenden- 
cy to count the same nests twice is in- 
creased. 

The first nests that I found were in 
large white oak trees at the edge of a 


THE OOLOGIST. 


pond. The date was May 17, 1873. 
The nests were few in number and only 
one nest ina tree. There was but a 
single egg in a nest; in fact this is all I 
have found at any time. The last nest 
that I have met with south of the 43rd 
parallel was 40 feet up in a tamarack 
tree in a Swamp near the river, June 1, 
1884. This nest was alone and would 
not have been discovered had not the 
bird flown to it. I have found several 
instances of pairs of pigeons building 
isolated nests, and cannot help but 
think that if all birds had followed this 
custom that the Pigeons would still be 
with us in vast numbers. 

As late as May 9, 1880 my lamented 
friend, the late C. W. Gunn, found a 
rookery in a cedar woods in Cheboygan 
county. These nests contained a single 
egg each and he secured about fifty 
fresh eggs. He did not think their 
number excessive as the netters were 
killing the birds in every direction. 
But now we can look upon such a trip 
almost as a devastation because the 
birds are so scarce. 

In 1885 I met with the Pigeon on 
Mackinac Island and have found a few 
isolated flocks in the Lower Peninsula 
since then, generally in the fall, but it 
is safe to say that the birds will never 
again appear in one-thousandth part of 
the number of former years. 

The place where the birds are nesting 
are interesting spots to visit. Both 
parents incubate and the scene is ani- 
mated as the birds fly about in all di- 
rections. However, as the bulk of the 
birds must fly to quitea distance from 
an immense rookery to find tood, it 
necessarily follows that the main flocks 
arrive and depart evening and morning. 
Then the crush is often terrific and the 
air is fairly alive with birds. The rush 
of their thousands of wings makes a 
mighty noise like the sound of a stiff 
breeze through the trees. __ 

Often when the large flocks settle at 
the roost the birds crowd so closely on 


239 


the slender limbs that they bend down 
and sometimes crack, and the sound of 
the dead branches falling from their 
weight adds an additional likeness to a 
storm. Sometimes the returning birds 
will settle on a limb which holds nests 
and then many eggs are dashed to the 
grcund, and beneath the trees of a 
rookery one may always find a lot of 
smashed eggs. 

' Later in the breeding season young 
birds may be seen perched all over the 
trees or on the ground, while big squabs 
with pin feathers are seen in or rather 
on the frail nests or lying dead or in- 
jured on the ground. The frightful 
destruction that is sure to accompany 
the nesting of a rookery of Passenger 
Pigeons is bound to attract the observ- 
er’s eye. And we cannot but under- 
stand how it is that these unprolific 
birds with many natural enemies, in 
addition to that unnatural enemy, man, 
fail to increase. If the Pigeon deposit- 
ed ten to twenty eggs like the Quail the 
unequal battle of equal survival might 
be kept up. But even this is to be 
doubted if the bird continues to nest in 
colonies. 

Many ornithological writers have 
written that the Wild Pigeon lays two 
eggs as arule, but these men were eyvi- 
dently not accurate observers, and pro- 
bably took their records at second 


hand. There is no doubt that two eggs 
are quite often found in a nest, 
and sometimes these eggs are 
both fresh, or else equally ad- 


vanced in incubation. But these in- 
stances I think are evidence alone that 
two females have deposited in the same 
nest, a supposition which is not impro- 
bable with a gregarious species. 

That the Wild Pigeon may rear two 
or three young in a season, I do not 
doubt, and an old trapper and observer 
has offered this theory to explain the 
condition where there are found both 
egg and young in the same nest, or 
squabs of widely varied ages. He as- 


240 THE OOLOGIST. 


serts that when an egg is about ready 
to hatch, that a second egg was depos- 
ited in the nest, and that the squab as- 
sisted in incubating the.egg when the 
old birds were both away for food, and 
that in time a third and last egg was 
laid, so that three young were hatched 
each season, if the birds are unmolest- 
ed. 

This peculiarity may exist with the 
Pigeon, but Ican add nothing to fur- 
ther it from my own observations, ex- 
cept to record the finding an egg in the 
nest with a half-grown bird—the only 
instance in my experience. From 
watching the ways of some captive 
birds kept as stool pigeons, I am well 
satisfied that two young are not rarely 
hatched at some weeks apart, and they 
do fairly well in confinement. 

The young are fed by a process known 
as regurgitation; the partially digested 
contents of the old bird’s crops being 
ejected into the mouths of the squabs. 

The position of the nest varies great- 
ly. Often the nests are well out on 
slender branches and in dangerous po- 
sitions considering the shiftlessness of 
the structure. When arookery is vis- 
ited, nests may be found in all manner 
of situation. 
built on small twigs next the body of 
an oak tree, and at a height of only ten 
feet, and again have seen nests forty 
feet up in thick tamaracks. 

The eggs do not vary much in size or 
eolor. They are white, but without 
the polish seen on the egg of the domes- 
tic Pigeon. About one and a half by 
one inch is the regulation size. 

By reference to old price lists of near- 
ly a quarter of a century ago I find that 
the eggs where then listed 25 cents, 
while it would be difficult to secure 
good specimens at present at six times 
the figure. 


A Curious Freak. 


One day in July, when passing 
through a grove I discovered a small 


I have found single nests — 


stump well whitewashed, which caused 
me to look morefclosely, and as I did 
so, I saw a Flicker on one side of it. I 
picked the bird up and{ found it was. 
totally blind, I would think by the. 
looks that the bird had been there sey- 
eral days. It was a young bird, but. 
could fly, had it dared to leave the 
stump. Of couse I left the bird as I 
knew the mother could take the best. 
care of it. A..E. Kipp, 
Mayville, N. Y. 


Some Notes on the Habits of the Arkansas 
Goldfinch. 


The Arkansas Goldfineh, or Wild 
Canary, is a resident with us all the 
year. ‘They live on the seed of various. 
weeds and thistles,* fruit buds and fruit 
especially cherries. 

They begin house-keeping in early 
April; the female building the nest, 
which is a beautiful little} structure; of 
rope strand, weed fibres, horse-hair,. 
feathers, string, spiders web, and cotton,. 
in any suitable tree at a height of from 
four to twenty feet. 

Apr. 4, 1893, I found a pair of birds. 
building a nest in a e¢yprus tree in our 
yard. I hung some: pieces of cotton 
around in the tree, and the female took 
it all to line her nest. The nest con- 
tained one egg Apr. 15 and four days: 
later I collected a nice set of four eggs 
from it. A friend of mine found a nest 
of this species, built on a small ledge of 
a pillar that supported the} top of the 
front porch, on a house. 

I found one nest, on the second 
of June, 1893, in the upright crotch 
of a small maple, four feet from the 
ground, which contains five fresh eggs 
and the broken shell of another. 

The eggs are almost invariably four 
in number, of a pale-greenish-blue col- 
or. 

The following nests have been found 
this year, 18938. No.1Apr. 1. Nest 
found on a small horizontalj limb of a 


—— sl 


THE OOLOGIST. 241 


cyprus tree, 10 feet from the ground. 
Four badly incubated eggs. No. 2.Apr. 
11. Nest in a cypress tree, on the end 
of a horizontal limb, 8 feet from the 
ground. 4 fresh eggs. No.3. Apr. 16. 
Nest in the brushy end ofa large limb of 
a live oak tree, 15 feet up. This nest is 
composed almost entirely of cob-webs. 
4 fresh eggs. No.4. Apr.20. Nest 
placed in a small pine tree, on the side 
of aroad, 6feetup. 4 fresh eggs. 

The average nest measures in diame- 
ter, 2? x 1} inches, andin depth 2x1} 
inches. % 

Wma. L. ATKINSON, 
Santa Clara, Cal. 


< 


The Language of Crows, and Other Notes. 

Did you ever think of what jolly, 
good natured fellows Crows are? 

If not, just think of ita bit. In the 
first place, they are fond of company 
and are willing to practice self denial 
for the benefit of their companions, as 
is seen in the sentinel who sits on the 
top rail of the fence and keeps guard, 
while his companions feast on blue 
grass, bulbs, worms and stray grains of 
corn in the pastures or meadow. 

Then the Crows are good talkers, (in 
‘Crow language of course) and apparen- 
tly many a joke passes among them as 
they skim over the fields in flocks of 
_ twenty to a hundred or two, in: wet and 
windy weather. The vocabulary of the 
Crow is probably as complete as that of 
any American bird, of the Eastern states 
at least. ‘The common fowl has per- 
haps amore complete vocabulary, but 
since it is an exotic and is domesticated 
as well, it does not come under this 
class. ‘The language of the Crow can 
be learned with but little difficulty; and 
to an ornithologist it is often conven- 
ient, in order to tell what is going?on in 
a neighboring woods. 

The different notes of the Crow are 
rather hard to put into words, as for 
several notes, quite different to the ear, 


the same spelling is required. Below 
is given the vocabulary of thegCrow, as 
correct as the author can make it, as he 
has found it. 

1. Krak, krak, krak, krak. [Sound 
aasinall.| Short call note, used while 
flying to and from roost. 

2. Kree-ak, Kree-ak. [Sound a as in 
last.| Loud notes uttered upon the 
discovery of ‘a man witha gun,” in 
woods. Uttered while flying about over 
the woods, and used as a warning. 

3. Hawk, hawk, crow-hawk, hawk, 
etc. Notes uttered upon the discovery 
of an Owl, and during said Owl’s per- 
secution. 

4. Hawk hawk hawk hawk. ¥ Notes 
uttered usually in four’s, with great 
rapidity, by Crows calling for reinforce- 
ments to torment an Owl, uttered 
while flying through or around a woods. 

5. Hawk, hawk, hawk. The same 
sound as No. 4, but uttered more leis- 
urely. Ordinary call-note; not short as 
No. 1 and uttered during short flights, 
ordinary Crow business, and during the 
large spring “camp meetings,’’ held in 
open fields. This uttered more rapidly 
but not so fast as No. 4, is the alarm 
note given by a sentinel to a feeding 
flock, to indicate that the time for flight 
has come. 

6. Ha-a-awk, ha-a-awk. [Sound a as 
in all.| The call-note of Crows in flocks 
in windy, wet weather; simply number 
five prolonged, not harsh as in number 
seven. 

7. Kra-a-a-ak, [a as in last] and kra- 
a-a-uk [aas add, u as but]. A harsh, 
rattling croak, uttered while div- 
ing at an Owl, and frequently heard 
from Crows otherwise silent, during 
the breeding season, and occasionally 
at other times. 

8. Crow hawk, crow hawk. The note 
uttered by solitary Crows during the 
autumn months. The first syllable of 
the word is uttered in a very high pitch 
for a Crow, the second much lower, 
thus differing from No. 8, which is the 


242 THE OOLOGIST. 


same pitch throughout. This note im- 
partsan uncomfortable feeling to the 
human hearer, and is probably the 
sound mentioned by Bryant in ‘‘The 
Death of the Flowers,’’ where he says, 
‘And from the wood-top calls the Crow 
through all the gloomy day.”’ 

The notes of the young bird lam not 
so familiar with, but should any or- 
nithologist hear uttered in a rather flat 
voice, during May or June, the follow- 
ing, he may understand that a young 
Crow is being fed 

Ka-a, ka-a, ka wa wa wa wa wa, ka-a, 
[aasinfar.] It is the voice of a young 
Crow whose food isin sight, and the‘‘wa 
wa” part occurs during the passage of 
food down the young Crow’s throat. 

These, so far as the writer knows, are 
all the notes of the Crow having a de- 
finite meaning. These can readily be 
distinguished and understood after some 
study and observation. 

There is one use of Crows I have 
never seen mentioned and that is their 
value as ‘‘dogs’’ to an Owl hunter. 
Here, where the Great Horned Owl is 
not common, and is almost as hard to 
shoot as a Crow is in winter, when a 
hunter concludes to take an Owl hunt, 
he finds the Crows to be valuable assis- 
tants. 

When he goes to the woods he endea- 

vors to scare out an Owl. If he finds 
one, as soon as it flies a band of Crows 
see and fly after it. When the Owl 
alights, part ef the Crows perch in the 
tree, over him, while the rest go to 
neighboring woods, after more Crows. 
The hunter, learning of the position of 
the Owl, by the Crows sitting above, 
moves forward as cautiously as possible. 
When heis nearly in range the Crows 
silently leave, leaving the Ow] still sit- 
ting in the tree. 

Should the Owl see the sportsman be- 
fore the latter isin range, and should 
fly to the other end of the woods, the 
Crows, their numbers now increased by 
arrivals from other woods join in the 


chase, now and then diving at him as 
he flies, till he alights. Then the Crows 
amuse themselves by diving with an 
angry croak, and sailing reund and 
round the tree occupied by his Owlship, 
like a swarm of bumble bees, until they 
see the hunter coming through the 
leaves. Then they again silently de- 
part. Some times the Crows gather in 
such numbers that there will be four or 
five hundred Crows after one or two 
Owls. 

I have noticed that several Great 
Horned Owls captured after having 
been worried by Crows, had the eyelids 
swelled and filled vith blood. I sup- 
pose the Crows were responsible for 
this, but do not know. Does any one? 

Before closing, I wish to impose upon 
the readers of the most excellent OoLo- 
GIST a ‘‘tame Crow story.”’ 

A friend had a tame Crow who had 
learned to soften dry crumbs by soak- 
ing them in water. One day he was 
discovered standing by a cup of water, 
in which he had put a box of tacks, 
just opened. Upon being scolded for 


‘this, he took the box out to the garden 


and upset it. At another time, while 
his owners were placing strawberry 
runners, and putting clods upon them, 
the Crow amused himself by pulling up 
the runners as fast as they were placed, 
and out of reach of the boys. 

FALco. 


Wilson’s Ornithological Club. 

The Wilson’s Ornitholégical Club 
was organized at San Benardino, Cal, 
June 9, 1894. The following officers 
were elected: President, Edward Wall, 
San Bernardino; Vice-President, Wesley 
Bead. Colton; Secretary, Arthur Whit- 
ing, San Bernardino; Treasurer, E. D. 
Palmer, San Bernardino. 

The President writes us as follows: 

‘‘Anyone wishing to join with us in 


the study of our birds, their nests and 


eggs, please send their address to the 
President or Secretary. 

We can promise corresponding mem- 
bers all the advantages of resident 
members.”’ 


THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OOLocIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


F. H. LATTIN, & CO., Publishers. 
' ALBION, N. Y. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, WALTER F. WEBB, 
Editors. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
stugens of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
om all. 


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when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 

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@MTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CL4S* MATTER, 
a 


ee 


Under recent date we received the 
following item of interest from Chas. 
C. Purdum, Wood’s Holl, Mass. ‘‘Yes- 
terday I had the rare fortune to find in 
on old cedar swamp, about two miles 
from home, two sets of three each of 
the Black throated Green Warbler, 
(Dendroica virens,) I know of only 
two other sets having been taken in 
Barnstable Co., although I have 
observed many of the birds.”’ 


243 


H.R. Taylor, th® hustling editor and 
publisher of the Nididlogist, is not of 
the closet kind, but can be ranked with 
the foremost of our active Field QOdlo- 
gists. Among the ‘‘nice things” he col- 
lected early in the present season, we 
note thirteen eggs of the Golden Eagle 
and a set of five White-tailed Kite. 


Rev. P. B. Peabody, who is now Chap- 
lain and Instructor in Greek, Latin and 
Higher English at the Breck School, 
Wilder. Minn., in a letter of recent 
date, he writes: ‘You wlll be interest- 
ed to know of my having taken, per- 
sonally, April 7, at the famous Heron 
Lake, six miles from here, a set of Can- 
ada Goose. 


Necrology. 


During the past few months, through 

the intervention of that grim power, 
Death, we have been obliged to erase 
the names of the following active col- 
lectors and students from the subscrip- 
tion books of the O6LOGIST. 
Brill, Wm. B., Hempstead, L.I. NY. 
Dodge, Harold H., Mentone, Calif. 
Quincey, Edward, Boston, Mass., and 

Isle on Haute, Maine. 

Turner, Wm., St. Paul, Minn. 


Accompanying the Mss., Dove Life in 
Arizona, which appears in this issue of 
the OOLOGIST; a relative writes as fol- 
lows: 

“The writer of the enclosed, [Harold 
H. Dodge]. a subseriber and occasional 
contributor to the O6LOGIST, has re- 
cently passed to the higher life. He 
was a devoted lover of Nature in every 
form of her manifestation, and a short 
time before his death he prepared, from 
his notes, this article for your journal, 
and I herewith send a copy for inser- 
tion, should you desire to do so.” 


244 


Song of the *Thistle-bird. 


I can think of no bird that has such 
a light-hearted song as the American 
Goldfinch, and yet it seems to carry 
with it a sad feeling at the same time. 

The bird seems to have had some 
heavy sorrow that it is trying to get rid 
of in song. 

In its flight this same thought is also 
suggested. It seems to dart upward 
with a sudden determination to be hap- 
py, and utters a joyous note, when it 
falls on its wings as if its sorrow was 
getting the best of its light heart, but 
again taking courage it rises with an- 
other happy note, and remembering it 
was on a particular errand suddenly 
turns and darts off to some thistle top 
where it sits a minute rocking to and 
fro in the breeze before setting to work 
at it’s morning meal, or gathering the 
downy thistle blows for the lining of 
it’s dainty nest. WieS. Ji. 


MAY CONTEST. 


Seventy-three Judges. 


1. Scenes from the Life of Alexan- 

der Wilson, 389. 

2. My Broadwings of ’92 and 793, 

231. 

3. A Collecting Trip in North Dako- 

ta, 143. 

4. A Pair of Bubos at Home, 141. 

5. Wilson’s Snipe, 102. 

The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 

1. No. 47--R. P. Gillespie, Stark- 
ville, Miss. Exact. 

2. No 59—H. L. Heaton, Oberlin, 

Kamnsi deena ioeia: 

3. No. 52—Raymond C. Osburn, 

Vanatta, Ohio, 1, 2, 3, 5, 4. 

4. No 11—H. W. Kerr, Omaha, Neb., 

i, @ Ge Ae 
5 No. 15—H. J. Giddings, Sabula, 

l@neay i, @, by 4 By 
The following Judges named the 

winning articles in exactly the same 
order as No’s 11 and 15—hence we 
award each a fifth prize. 

A No. 16—Millard Van Wagner, Gretna, 
No. 36—W. A. Achilles, Austin, Tex. 
No. 39—Hevey Smith, Smith’s Ferry, 

Ohio. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


The following also named the win- 
ning articles: 

o. 1—E. Doolittle, Ohio. 
2—J. G. Smith, N. Y. 
10—R. McPherson, Mass. 
19—J. F. Parkhurst. Ills. 
23—F.H. Nutter, Minn. 
24—C. Crosby, N. Y. 
25—H. L. Bellowe, La. 
30—A. H. W. Norton, Tex. 
381—C. Irvine, Tex. 
32—C. Luther, Ark. 
383—A. H. Smith, N. Y. 
38—J. E. Houseman, N: W. T. 
50—O. J. Westcott, Ills. 
60—C. B. Parker, Kaus. 
62—F. Me Allister, Mich. 
64—F. C. Beall, Tex. 
66—J. M. Hatch, Calif. 

All prizes were mailed on June 20. 


Collecting for an Aquarium. 


Collecting for an aquarium is great 
sport. Equipped with baskets contain- 
ing tin pails or preserve jars, a com- 
pany sets out treasure-seeking. Old 
clothes must be worn, since sea-water 
will spoil new ones; and old shoes, for 
salt water ruins leather, and it is neces- 
sary to protect your feet from sharp 
Shells and stones. A slip or two, or 
even a tumble, amid the slippery, weed- 
covered rocks, will not matter, but only 
be provocative of fun and laughter. In 
addition to your jars or pails, you must 
be armed with an old table-knife, a 
hammer, perhaps a chisel, and, neces- 
sarily, with a dip-net made of mosquito 
netting or some loosely woven material. 
Children are the best collectors. They 
have not the same instinctive dread of 
wetting their feet or hands that older 
people have. Extreme low tide is by 
all odds the best time to go hunting. 
“As soon as you reach the beach, wade 
right in to your work; look under the 
stones, scoop up with your net the sand 
or mud from the bottom of the pools 
left by the tide, examine every promis- 
ing-looking bunch of sea-weed, and _ be- 
fore the tide comes in you will have ma- 
terial enough to stock forty aquariums. 
When your hunt is over, sort your spec- 
imens, discard all weak and sickly ani- 
mals, and put the healthy ones in flat 
earthenware dishes filled with sea- 
water, where they can be examined at 
leisure, and the proper ones taken out 
and put into tin pails with perforated 
lids, along with salt water and _ sea- 
weeds, to be carried home for the aqua- 
rium.”—From ‘‘Ocean Life in Inland 
Seas;” Demorest’s Magazine for July. 


THE OOLOGIST. 24 


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in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds 


and Animals. 
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A. 


BIRDS EGG 
CURIES. 


2¢STAMP FoR 
Illustrated Catalog. 
‘CHAS. K.R EE D, 

262MainSt. WORCESTER .MASS.3 


1) YY RY 1 YY YY YY YY 


AN IDEAL FAMILY MEDICINE; 
For Indigestion, Biliousness, - ~ K 
Headache, Constipation, Bad = 
Complexion, Offensive Breath, 
and all disorders of the Stomach, 
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"'t:P*' A: N:S: T LES| 
act gently yet Sorte Sac eaes Res = 
digestion follows their use. Sold : | 
by ante sists or sent by mail. Kant = 
Price 50 cents a box. Address | 
=RIPANS CHEMIOAL CO., 10 Spruce St., N.Y.2 


SRR 0 


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Promptly se d. ‘Trade-Marks, Copyri hts 
and Labels registered. Twenty-five voaanee 
perience. We report whether patent can be 
secured or not, free ofcharge. Our fee not due 
until patent is allowed. $2page Book Free. 
H. B. WILLSON & CO., Attorneys at Law, 
Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINCTON. D.C. 


246 THE OOLOGIST. 


ans 0r1d'S Fait BOOK stun 


We take pleasure in announcing that we have made arrangements with the 
publishers of 


THE MAGIC CITY 


To supply this celebrated work in Weekly Parts to the subscribers of the OdLo- 
GIST at the very low price of ten cents per number. It will be issued in sixteen 
eonsecutive Weekly Parts, each containing sixteen to twenty magnificent Photo- 
graphic Views and Historical Descriptions of the WORLD’S #£AIR and the 
MIDWAY PLAISANCE, by the famous American author, Mr. J. W. 

Buel. The Photographs are the finest that have ever been ofter ed to the public. 
They constitute a splendid series of 


Over 300 Views 


In Natural Photograph Colors, embracing all the wonderful features of 
the World’s Fair and its surroundings, and the famous Midway Plaisance, 
with its curious and interesting character sketches of life in foreign countries and 
among wild and curious races of people. 

“More than $50,000 has been expended in the preparation of this truly mag- 
nificent work. The author and his staff of artists spent nearly the whole summer _ 
at the Fair, collecting historical materials and securing the grandest array of 
Photogr aphs of the buildings, grounds, exhibits, landscapes, and curious and won- 
derful features of the greatest Exposition that human eye ever beheld. 

These photographs were taken by real artists—artists of reputation, skilled 
in their profession, who knew how to select points of the greatest interest and 
from which the best views could be obtained. . 

THE MAGIC CITY alone gives the only great Historical representation of the 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance, illustrated with Over 300 Superb Pho- 
tographs, comprising an immense and wonderfully beautitul oblong volume, 
11x14 inches in size. 


ONE COUPON AND TEN CENTS GETS IT! 


The photographs could not be purchased separately at less than from $.50 to $1. 
each. Dealers charge these prices regularly for greatly inferior views of this size. 
Cut out the coupons on the this page and mail them to the office of the O6LoGisT, 
with TEN CENTS each in stamps or silver, and you will receive as many as you 
may order. We charge no postage on parts sent by mail. 

Coupons for parts Nos. 1 and 2 were printed in January OdLoGIsT; Nos. 3 and 
4in February; Nos. 1 to 16 in March; Nos. 5 to. 8 in April: and Nos.9 to 12 inJune. 


Cut out this Coupon and mail to the © 
OoLoGiIsT with ten cents im stamps or sil- 


ver. and receive Portfolio No. 15. ‘ 


Coupon for Portfolio No. 16: 
The O6LOuIstT’s Historical Art Series 

OF THE M 

World's Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled 5 

THE MACIC CITY 


Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
OoLOGIs® with ten cents in stamps or sil- 
ver. and receive Portfolio No. 16. 


Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
OOLOGIST with teu cents in stamps or sil- 
ver, and receive Portfolio No. 13. 


Coupon for Portfolio No. 13? Coupon for Portfolio No. 15: 
The OdLoeist’s Historical Art Series § The OoLoaist’s Historical Art Series : 
OF THE * OF THE 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled » World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled % 
THE MAGIC CITY x THE MAGIC CITY x 


Peoeeee nea rtn ene 


Coupon for Portfolio No. 14! 
The O6LOGIsT’s Historical Art Series 
OF THE 
World’s Fair and Midway Plaisance entitled 
THE MACIC CITY 

Cut out this Coupon and mail to the 
OoLoGiIst with ten cents in stamps or sil- 
ver and receive Porfolio No. 14. 


Vad bab ab Sab Pal tab tab Vad tab bal Mid Pad Dab Dab Pad Pad Pad Vad Vad Val Pal 


WP A 
MaMa RR 


THE OOLOGIST. : 247 


NIAGARA PALILS. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the OoLoaist visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated ou Halls street, only a few steps from R. 
R. Depots—Hlectric car line passes its entrance—-and «c*upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well known fact the 
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarters for 
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SPECIMEN, NoveLTy or SouvENIR line pertain- 
ing to Niagara. 


Light Roadster. Weight, 25 Ibs. 
CATALOGUE i ae 


Send for one — it will interest you. 
In our Six New Models you will find just what you 
want. All the latest improvements. All sizes and 
prices. Guaranteed to be equal to any, regardless 


of price. 
Manufacturers and Jobbers 


John P, Lovell Arms Co., drains Bicycles. 270 
BOSTON, [1ASS. AGENTS WANTED — Write for terms. 


248 THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR GUNS-REVOLVERS-RIFLES 


FOR ALL METALS. 


It prevents pits in Shot Gun and Rifle Barrels. It keeps metals 
bright and free from tarnish and preserves their finish for years. 
Fleat or Cold does not affect its consistency, 


IT NEVER GUMS OR DRIPS, 


an advantage not possessed by any other lubricant in the world. 


An indispensible article for all kinds of Fire Arms, Fine Machinery, Gun Locks, 
Bicycles, Camp Kits, Odlogists’ Instruments, Taxidermists’ Instruments, Natur- 
alists’ Instruments, Surgical Instruments, Embalming Instruments, Cutlery, 
Brass Work on Yachts, Copper and Stee! Plate, &c. In all respects the very best 
preparation for any metalic surfaces where a non-gumming lubricant and rust 
preventive are required. 


SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 1b.can 
35c., 1-2 Ib. can 50c., 1 Ib. can 75c. and 5 lb. can $3.00. 
Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.” 


Gunoleum is for sale in nearly all the principle cities in the United States. ‘The 
following parties buy in quantities and can supply the trade. 


Henry C. Squire & Son, New York. Ferdinand & Co., Boston, Mass. 
A. G. Spaulding & Bros., New York, Chicago Horn & Paine, Eugene, Oregon. 

and Philadelphia. Bibbins & Sherman, Syracuse. N. Y. 
R. Liddle & Co., San Francisco, Cal. Wm. Prettie & Co., a « 
Edw. K. Tyron, Jr. & Co., Philadelphia. Jno P. Lovell Arms Co., Boston, Mass. 
Jno. T. Bailey & Co., aS E. H. Keller & Co., Sheybogan, Wis. 
Wm. H. Schleigh, Baltimore, Md. Messrs Spary & Co., Middleboro. Mass. 
R. H. Jewell & Co., Los Angeles, Cal. Jno. P. Dannefelser, New York City. 
Wm. Read & Sons, Boston, Mass. ; Jno. Krieder, Philadelphia. 


A. D. Wilkinson, W. Scott Boyenton, Newport News, Va. 


If your dealer does not have Gunoleum, send 25c in stamps for large collapsible 
tube by return mail. Address all communications to 


THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO., 
BAY SHORE, L. I., N. Y., U. S. A. 


Monthly. 


VOL, XI. NO. 8. 


RARARD 


Net E ITT thr try 3 ~ 
a SEG RGUSS0 S000 C008 080 GRR eReeereeeereeoo seen RGeueesns SERED 


OLOEISE, < 


ESE SETENENENSRE SS CENETEAESENT 
Bo 


ALBION, N. Y., AUG., 1894. 


. aaRIET aTRaReS 


(' ch 50c. per Year. eo 


WHOLE No. 106 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 


Brief special announcements, ‘‘Wants,’ ‘““Exchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 
for 50¢c per 35 words. Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. Terms,-cash-with order. 

‘“‘DRALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only. 

Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-halt list rates. 

Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for « Wants” and ‘Exchanges’ only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


EGGS of 130. 129. 64and 5la_to exchange for 
eggs notin my collection. Send list. Write 
for my hard times prices for cash on any of the 
above, (series a Speciality). ED. VAN WINK- 
LE, Van’s Harbor, Mich. Att 


WANTED.—A Galvanic or Faradic Battery, 
strong enough for all medical purposes. Must 
be in A icondition. Send full description. Can 
offer Birds eggs. shells, corals, minerals. or 
anything in the Natural History Line. FRED 
D. SNYDER, Barre Center. N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGH.—Arkansas and Lawrence’s 
Goldfinch eggs in sets or singles with data for 
sets or singles of other localities. RUFUS R. 
BROWN, JB., 528 Echo Park Road, LosAngeles, 
Cal. 


WANTED.—An egg cabinet and set of taxi- 
dermist tools. Will give good exchange 1n 
yare eggs from this locality. Send for list. W. 
C, PELTON, Dickinson, N. D. 


WANTED.—To exchange sets, books. stamps 
and other specimens for a printing press,stamps 
and eggs of Sparrow Hawk. Correspondence 
solicited, HENRY BEAUMONT, JR., Box 67, 
Nashville, Tenn. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—$30 double barreled 
shot gun and relics to exchange for eggs in sets, 
taxidermist tools. Goues’ Key. Davie’s or Horn- 
day’s Taxidermy, good cornet. A. H. MILLS, 
West Rutland, Vt. 


FIRST-CLASS sets and singles of this local- 
ity to exchange with collectors of other locali- 
ties. Many common eggs desired. WILL D. 
GARNETT, Gainesville, Texas. 


FOR SALE.—A collection of Ist class eggs, 
many rare. Catalogue price $80, will sell for best 
offer in cash, list for stamp. must be sold, write 
quick. GEO. B. BENNETT, S. W. cor. Beach 
and Lafayette, Terre Haute, Ind. 


FOR EXCHANGE or Sale.—A first-class re- 
peating Winchester rifle, 12 shots, 22 cal. longs. 
For cash or best offer of old U.S. coins. A. P. 
BT WER 6'5 West Edwards St., Springfield, 

inois. 


HAVE (800) eight hundred tobacco and cigar- 
ette pictures to exchange ror Coccoons, Books 
on. and Entomological supplies. WM. NEW- 
PORT, 452 Hudsouw Ave., Albany, N. Y. 


TO HXCHANGE.—Cal. Eggs in sets with 
complete data for eggs from southern and 
eastern states. Many common ones wanted. 
R. H. ROBERTSON, East Los Angeles, Calif., 
care First Ward Store. 


WANTED.—A good multiplying fishing reel 
in Al condition. Capacity not less than 100 
yards, can offer in exchange fine sets and sin- 
gles. F.C. ELLIOT, Tallahassee, Fla. 


BUFF LEGHORNS.—A few Cockerels $1.50 
each. one cock cost @. for $2.50 if taken Soon. 
No pullets. D. F. HALL, 804 N. Division St., 
Creston, Iowa. 


FOR SALE or Exchange.—40 worth of fine 
sets, Davie’s Nest and Eggs, cloth bound, two 
drills. two blow pipes. three embryo hooks 
with handle for $10o0r very best offer. Write 
atonce. W.H. HENDERSON, Chanute, Kas. 


WANTED.—Quartz crystals, group crystal in- 
clusions of all kinds, matrix Specimens. agates, 
Opals, amethysts, geodes, etc. Curiosities, 
stamps. etc. for same or Cash. CHAS. 
CHEVRIER, Trenton, New Jersey. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Eggs of Cal. birds in 
sets or 4ingles to exchange for postage stamps. 
ae CALDWELL, Station K, Los Angeles, 

al. 


TO EXCHANGE.—‘‘C” Clarionet and Case, 
cost wholesale 332. Also 22 cal. Rifle. Want 
good 4x5 Camera. Make best offer. CHAS. H. 
DICKINSON, Grand Rapids. Minn. 


WANTED.—Egg cabinet and set of tools; 
second hand preferred. Will buy or exchange 
forsame. B. E. GRIFFITHS, 204 South 20th 
St. Omaha, Neb. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I would like to ex- 


' Change stuffed birds of this state for fresh skins 


from other states. Write for list. C. L. STIN-- 
NER, Williamstown, Dauphin Co., Penna. 


4 


250 


FOR SALE.—Minerals, Fossils, Curios, In- 
dian Relics, Choice Polished Shells from Wis- 
consin rivers, Mazon Creek Fossil Plants and 
- Insects. The jinest collection of Polished Coral 
inthis country. Beautiful Fossil Fish,Cameos, 
Gems. Stones, ete. GEO. WILKINSON. Mor- 
ris, Ill. Jy3t. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Birds eggs. Wood’s Illus- 
trated Natural History, Ornithological papers, 
specimens ofrosewood and other curios. for 
bird’S eggsin sets. R.C. OSBURN. 323 W. 
Goodale St., Columbus, Ohio. 


BICYCLE.—‘‘Victor’”’ cushion tired safety. 
Good aS new. Only been ridden few times. 
Cost $125 when new. Will sell for best cash 
offer above $25. Correspondence solicited. All 
letters answered. ROBERT MAXWELL, Box 
1961 South Bend, Ind. 


COLLECTORS Look Here! I will give 5 
Goniobasis Virginiaca, G. m. for every perfect 
arrow head with locality given, sent me. Every 
tenth one answering this wiJl wee free a 30 cent 
iefen | dJa (Gio SMITH, Ripley, N 


FOR EXCHANGE.--First-class sets of Cal. 
Murre with full data to exchange for sets not 
in my collection. Address ORVILLE C. 
PRATT, Fruit Vale Ave., Fruit Vale, Cal. 


FOR SALE or Exchange for best offer sever- 
al volumes of OoLoGist?, ‘‘Illustrirtes Brief- 
marken-Jonrnal,’’ and ‘‘American Journal of 
Philately” second series; also foreign stamps, 
postal cards, envelopes. and paper wrappers; 
also a few birds eggs in sets and singles. Can 
use cash, choice sets of eggs. and books 
pertaining to Naturwl History. No cards an- 
swered. Address DR. MARTIN, Wellington, 
Kansas. 


ARIZONA Cactus 50c each prepatd. Apache 

Indian Baskets, $1.50 each prepaid. P. M. 
WILLIAMS. Justice Peace, Mera lohot Pinal 
»Co., Arizona. 


I HAVE 235 kinds of foreign and native 
woods to exchange for woods not in my collec- 
tion, [ expect 150 Japanese woods next fall. 
LOUIS W. HAHN, P. O. Box 360, Silver Creek, 
Chautauqua Co., N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—22 cal. Quackenbusch 
Rifle used Columbian stamps and eggs in sets 
for other Ist class sets with data, sea birds pre- 
ferred. R. A. SCHWEER. Denton, Texas. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—First-class sets with 
data for Hawks, Owls and water birds Nos. 393, 
452, 461, 587, 674, 3902. WM. M. MAULE, Collins, 
Lane. Co., Pa. 


OCTOBER WNidiologist, also eggs ‘‘U”’ No. 191, 
194, 201. 212, 214, 221. 337, 339 and common eggs 
for eggs of Sea Birds and Hawks or good offers. 
Coues’ Key, new, #7. C.F. STONE, Branch- 
port, N. Y. 


WANTED.—Sets, especially of Terns.Herons. 
Plovers, Rails, Owls, Hummers, Warblers and 
Thrushes. Will give sets, list includes 466a, 
529. 586, 594, 611, Av2a, etc. also Singles, such as 
172, 182. .261, 366, 384, 448, 491, 505, 567a, 715 and 
about 100 others. FRANK WILLARD, Gales- 
burg, Ill. 


EGGS IN SETS.—White-fronted Dove 1-2 
30c, St. Domingo Grebe 1-4 95c, Sora Rail 1-7 40¢ 
Northwest. Crow 1-4 65¢e, Spotted Sandpiper 1-4 
38c. Arctic Tern 1-319c. All prices are for the 
full set. 
less than 50c. 
Mass. 


JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, 


10¢c extra must be added on all orders © 


THE OOLOGIST. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fine field glass, collec- 
ion of eggs, tr ays and books on Oology; value 
$15, for shot gunfor rifie of equal value,or cheap 
for cash, CHAS. E. CRAM, Vanlue, Ohio. 


WANTED.—A good repeating rifle. Double- 
barrel shotgun, WallTent. Will givegood ex- 
change in books, revolvers, watches. birds eggs, 
coins. Books foreggs. C. B. VANDERCOOK, 
Odin, Illinois. 


$3.50 Microscope, 10 A 1 Bird Skins. % 
taxidermist case. 87 pairs of glass eyes, stuffing 
forceps, wire cutters, tweezers, spool and burch 
wire. for Maynard’s “Birds of Eastern North 
America. ROBT. MCLAIN, Elm Grove, Ohio 
Co., W. Va. 


TO EXCHANGE —29 volumes of Naturalists 
Library edited by Sir William Jardine Bart. 
Beautifully illustrated colored plates of birds 
and eggs,and an autograph of all the great 
naturalists on front page. Only a few sets in 
United States. A complete library in itself, 
Cost $45. Exchange for pedigree dogs of any 
breed or good dog, or anything useful. Send 
your lists. A. MCDONALD, 729 E. Houston St. 
San Antonio, Texas. 


WANTED.—Modern Indian relies. Will give 
in exchange! arenes sets and singlesof A. O. 
U. No’s 201, 212, 214, 273, 316. 337, 387, 388, 412, 428, 
444, 456, 461, i660, 474, 477, 488, 507, 511,52! 29.540, 581, 
598, 612, 613, 501, 622a, 641, 652, 659, 658, 704, 755. 
756, 761, 766, With data. T also want some good 
singles of most any species not listed above. 
All letters answered. W, J. WIRT, Box 137, 
Gaines, Orleans Co., N. Y. 


EGGS.—Set and Singles. The following first 
class Texas and Arizona eggs, carefully iden- 
tified, with data, for sale. The eggs are not 
common but rare and desirable and become 
more so each year. You should at least obtain 
one nice set for your cabinet. I guarantee sat- 
isfaction and safe delivery. If eggs do not 
prove entirely satisfactory, kindly return them 
and I will cheerfully refund the ‘money I 
will send eggs on approval to prominent and 
reliable parties, or to those who send good re- 
ference. SEtTs. White-fronted Dove 2 in set.15¢ 
peregg; White-winged Dove 2, 12c; Krider’s 
Hawk 2-3, 80c; Audubon’s Carareara Eagle 2, 
90¢; Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 5-4, 5¢; Western 
Lark Sparrow 4-5, 3c; Mockingbird 45, Creel 
have singles of the above and of the follow ing: 
SrincuEs. Killdeer10c. Scaled Partridge 35c, 
Black Vulture 60c, Western Night-hawk 20c, 
Am. Raven 80c, Arizona Cardinal 45c. Eggs 
sent post-paid when order amounts to $1 or 
over, furthermore I will allow 10 per cent dis- 
counton $3; 15 per cent. on $6 or more. H. 
SAYLES. JR., Abilene, Texas. 


“fT SEEMS TO ME that everybody ough: to 
have your magazine. I would gladly pay twice 
the subscription price and think I had the best 
of it then.” So writes a prominent ornitholog- 
ist of the Vidiologist. If you would know why, 
send 10c for sample copy and you will be 
charmed with the illustrations and articles. 
Subscription only one dollar. July number 
contains: ‘‘A Cormorant’s Rookery” (illus- 
trated), ‘Among the California Clapper Rail” 
(illustrated), illustration of-nest of Or ange- 
crowned Warbler, etc. Of special interest is 
the standard price list of nests, by Western Or- 
nithologists. We reach best collectors. To 
advertise its value we have decided to make 
our exchange column free without limit during 
Fall to subscribers; all others 50c each insertion. 
Subseribe now! H. R. TAYLOR. Editor and 
Publisher. Alameda, Cal. or ROSS TAYLOR, 
150 Fifth Avenue, New York. 


fHE OOLOGIST. 251 


MRS. A. MEARHES will send postpaid 15 vari- 
eties sea shells for 25c. Send for large list of 
marine shells and curios. MRS. A.S. MEARES, 
John’s Pass, Fla. 


FOR SALE at 1s catalogue rates.6 1-4 1-5,118 1-4 


191 1-4 2-3,197 2-4, 199 1-4,200 1-5 2-4 1-3,201 1-3,218 1-4, 
219 1-7 15, 289a, 1-14 1-7, 360 1-4, 373a 1-3 1-2, 409 1-4, 
410 1-7 1-4, 416 1-2, 452 1-51-38. 477a 1-5 2-4 1-3. 501 


1-4, 587a 1-2, 608 1-2, 703 2-4, 707 2-3, 727b 1-8, 326 1-2 
1-1, 395 1-3. Also have singles and all are first- 
class. F.C. ELLIOT, Tallahassee, Fla. 


“METHODS IN THE ART OF TAXIDERMY” by 
Davie, Costs $10 cash per copy and is well worth 
the money. Ihave afew copies which I will 
‘entertain good offers on the bassis of #% cash 
and % exchange. If you have $5 cash and $5 
worth of almost anything (no trash) desirable. 
‘to give for acopy,.I shall be pleased to hear 
from you atonce. FRANK H. LATTIN, Al- 
‘bion, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE. -—Am. Kared Grebe 1-4 1-6 
1-8. St. Domingo Grebe 1-3 1-4, Iceland Gull 1-2, 
Am. Herring Gull 1-3, Terns—Royal 1-3 1-4, Ros- 
-erte 1-2, Cabot’s 1-2 1-8, Common 1-2 1-3, Sooty 
1-1, Bridled 1-1, Black 1-2 1-8, Noddy 1-1. Audu- 
bon’s Shearwater 1-1, Yellow-billed Tropic Bird 
1-1, Leach’s Petrel 1-1, Booby 1-2, Blue-winged 
Teal 1-7 1-11, Shoveller 1-6 1-10 1-11, Pintail 1-3 
1-7, Canvas-back 1-3, Sooty Grouse 1-5, Least 
Bittern 1-41-5 1-6, Gt. Blue Heron 1-3 1-4, Limp- 
‘kin 1-6, Va. Rail 1-7 1-8 1-9, Sora 1-7 1-9 1-11, Flor- 
ida Gallinule 1-7 1-8 1-10, Am. Coot 1-6 1-8, Bart. 
Sandpiper 1-4, Spotted Sandpiper 1-4, Bob-white 
1-8 1-10, White-crowued Pigeon 1-2, Miss. Kite 
1-2, Harris’ Hawk 1-3, Red-tailed Hawk 1-2 1-3, 
B’1k-billed Cuckoo 1-4, Long-billed Marsh Wren 
1-4 1-5, Bobolink 1-4 1-6, Meadow Lark 1-4 1-5, 
W. Meadow Lark 1-5, Bronzed Grackle 1-4 1-5, 
‘Rose-breasted Grosbeak 1-3, Yellow-headed B. 
B. 1-4 1-5 1-6, Scissor-tailed Flycatcher 1-4 Or- 
‘chard Oriole 1-4 1-5, Painted Bunting 1-4, Para- 
‘sitic Jaeger 1-2, Cliff Swallow 1-4 1-5 1-6, Bank 
Swallow 1-4. I especially desire sets of the fol- 
lowing: _7, 83, 84, 125, 126, 133, 144, 159, 160, 183, 
184, 185, 186, 187, 204, 205, 206, 218, 228, 280, 286, 298, 
800, 327, 328, 332, 334, 352, 355, 356, 365, 872 and 37 9. 
Will give exceptionally good offers for any of 
‘above. CHAS, M. ELDREDGE. 314 Chamber 
‘of Commerce, Chicago. 


LOOK! STOP! Any. person sending me a 
2c. Stamp unused and 25 Columbian “stamps 
used, any kind, will receive in return a Moon- 
stone in its rough state. C..M. HATFIELD, 
Los Angeles, California. 


My ads.in July OOLOGIST are paying well 
and am well pleased. Will probably send in 
my ads. in afew days for Aug. James Odell, 
Jr., Austin, Texas. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Collection of 50 named 
minerals, shells, fossils and Indian relics @ 
$1.25. Fine specimens of copper ore in calcite, 
agatized woods and minerals; also Indian rel- 
ics, Shells and fossils. I want fine minerals, 
Ind. rel. and curios. Will exchange any of the 
above for fine singles of eggs, want both com- 
mon andscarce. Send full list of what you 
have. GEO. W. DIXON, Watertown. S, D. 


FRANK B. ARMSTRONG, 
TAXIDERMIST, 


AND COLLECTOR AND DEALER IN 


Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Eggs 
in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds 


and Animals. 
Brownsville, Texas, U.S.A. 


THE NAUTILUS. 

A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con- 
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils- 
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W. 
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia, 
Pa. Send for sample copy. 


Woes ED. Something new 


Wun particulars. One man 
made $27.40 inone day. One 


lady made $22 in one day. 
Address Lock Box 13 A. B. P. CO., South Bend 
Indiana. Mention OoLoeist. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.” 


Dissolution Notice. 


Notice is hereby given that the partnership 
lately existing between Frank H. Lattin and 
Better F. Webb, under the firm name of 
Eon: Cattin & Co. was. dissolved on the 3ist 
day nalaly, A. D., 1894, by mutual consent. 


FRAN Et loan: 
WALTER F. WEBB, 


Cas) 
or 
nS) 


SAND POR IT 


‘(COMPOUND OxYGEN—Its Mode of Action and 

Results.”’—is the title of a book of 200 
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which 
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this 
remarkable curative agent, and arecord of sur- 
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cases— 
many of them after being abandoned to die by 
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any 
address on applicatton. 


DRS. STARKEY & PALEN, 
1529 Arch St,, Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co,Cal. 
Please mention the OOLOGIST. 
Ibuy collections. or 


ASH FOR STAMPS! lots; Foreign or U.S. 


Look up your old letters from 1845 to 1870. 

Many of later date also valuable. Send 
samples and 1 will state prices I can pay for 
them. Refer to Lattin.” Address 


P. G. MARCH, 
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A3t. 


BIRDS SKINS! 


A large lot for sale at wholesale rates. All 
skins are first-class with data, and will be sent 
postpaid on receipt of price. 

Anna’s Hummer 
Costa’s ie 

W. Wood Pewee 
TOUS CHEMIN G Hip ie pie Bek SPUN Cd fap eae imer men pw GLUE Ne 
Arkansas Goldfinch 
Orezon Juncoy eeaa 
Samuel’s Song Sparrow 
Spurred Towhee 
Californiawiie ee ee 
Black-headed Grosbeak 
Lazuli Bunting. ...........:... 
Yellow Warbler......... ... 
Long-tailed Chat 


Plain Tit 
Russet- backed Thrush 15 
WYCSuaaa Toons 15 
DWaTieMnnishe stats) Vol nee iOS Te i RCE 15 
15 
eee ee 15 
JR gb Op yCCTO NA AOVECOl! IRC OF SICYE eg 15 


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2 THE OOLOGISY. 


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“Never before has the Art of Taxid-. 
ermy had its practical methods and. 
beauties portrayed as we find inter- 
preted in this work.” 


METHODS 


TAXIDERMY, 


OLIVER DAVIE, 


Author of ‘“‘Nests and Eggs of North 
American Birds,” ete. 


Containing Ninety Full Page Engravings, over 

Five Hundred Figures minutely illustrating 

the most practical methods practiced in the art.. 
It teaches in detail. step by step, the Skinning 

and Stuffing of Birds, Mammals. Crustaceans, 

Fishes and Reptiles, together with illustrations 

of forms and Attitudes of the Animal Kingdom. 

The text is by OLIVER DAVIE, who has made 

Taxidermy his life study and profession. The 

originals of the illustrations were made in In- 
nia ink from time to time as the actual subjects 

could be obtained from which to make the va- 

rious procedures. Tbey were drawn by the 

eminent Bird and Mammal Artist, THEODORE 

JASPER, A. M., M. D., Whose experience in the 

Art of Taxidermy extends overa period of fif- 

ty years. Every illustration by this artist is a. 
work of art. Among these engravings are re- 
productions from photographs of actual work 

by American Taxidermists. Each Copy of this. 
book is enclosed in box for shipment and is 

sent prepaid upon receipt of price. 


In one Quarto Volume, Silk 
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FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Publisher of THE OOLOGIST, 
Albion, N. Y.. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. NO 


Nesting of the Western Gull. 

The Western Gull, or as it is some- 
‘times called, the Western Herring Gull, 
is a very abundant resident on this sec- 
‘tion of the Pacific coast, half way be- 
‘tween San Francisco and San Diego, 
-and so far as I know is the only Gull 
permanently remaining here, although 
we see others during the summer. 

There is one very wild section of 
-coast not far from here where I had 
often been told that the Gulls could be 
seen nesting on islands not more than 
a stone’s throw away, but that it was 
‘impossible to reach them. Before this 
season I had not been able to visit this 
locality, but this year luck favored me 
and I was camped with a party of sur- 
‘veyor friends not more than eight or 
nine milesfrom it. I was not idle here 
-and possessed myself of a set of ten 
California Quail and a rotten single 
Marsh Hawk, and also. discovered 
Bank Swallows nesting in large num- 
‘bers, though most of the nests contained 
young or badly incubated eggs. 

On the morning of June Ist I at last 
$tarted out with a friend ona trip tor 
‘Gull’s eggs. For the first two miles we 
had hard pulling through dry sand, but 
soon we struck better roads, which led 
‘through a bench about a quarter of a 
mile wide between the mountains and 
-eliffs. After about four miles of this 
we began to see the islands, which are 
-caused in a peculiar way; the ocean has 
eut channels into the land leaving is- 
lands about forty feet above the beaches 
-on the same level as the surface of the 
mainland. At the bottom they are 
composed of a soft rock (as also are the 
-cliffs of the mainland) which makes 
climbing almost impossible, and furn- 
ishes nesting places for large numbers 
-of Cormorants. At the top the islands 


ALBION, N.Y., 


AUG., 1894 WHOLE No. 106 
are of dirt with grass growing on it 
and the Gulls may be seen on almost 
all of them sitting on their nests. 

We discovered a colony of five or six 
Baird’s Cormorants nesting on the 
cliffs and went to cut a pole to get 
some, and while passing a projecting 
point of the mainland that ran out into 
the beach we noticed a ladder stuck 
across the mouth of a cave that ran in- 
to the point. With the pole which we 
got, asmall bag and a piece of wire 
from a convenient fence, we procurred 
two sets of three each of Baird’s Cor- 
morant. These birds are easily dis- 
tinguished by their conspicuous white 
flank patches and by the small size of 
the eggs. The eggs are lined with 
green and covered with a lime coating 
which shows blue in thin places. They 
often lay four eggs, but all the nests I 
saw that day contained three, and the 
ones I got were incubated slightly; I 
find the measurements to average 2.20x 
1.42. The fishermen call Cormorants, 
Shags, and I believe that more thanone 
species nest here, possibly not on the 
cliffs as Baird’s prefers todo, but on a 
certain large rock in San Lius Bay 
which I have in mind and intend to in- 
vestigate as soon as possible. 

We now concluded to see about that 
ladder. After a tough scramble and 
slide we reached the rocky beach and 
found the ladder of which we had seen 
the end laid about four feet high across 
the cave, each end being placed in a 
hole to keep it from being washed 
away. Not more than twenty feet 
away across the narrow beach was an 
island from the top of which dangled a 
piece of rawhide rope reaching half 
way down. The ladder was a piece of 
scantling about twenty-five feet long 
with strips nailed across it, By setting 
the ladder at the foot of the cliff it 


254 


rested in a natural gully in the side of 
the cliff and was kept steady. From 
the top of the ladder we could reach 
the rope and with the help of an occas- 
ional toe-hold got to the top. Here we 
found the object of our search—two 
sets of three Western Gull and two of 
two each besides leaving several sin- 
gles, the nests were excavated in the 
dirt several inches and made of grass, 
weed stalks and sea-grass not very 
deeply cupped, although when seen 
from a little distance the Gulls setting 
on the nests are half hidden. There 
were some new nests not yet laid in 
and some old ones not occupied, so 
that it would seem that they do not, as 
Davie states, always use the same nest 
from year to year. This might be dif- 
ferent, however,. where the nest is 
placed on a rock, and I have known a 
single Gull to nest on small rock (in the 
surf and impossible to get at) every 
year for several years past. 

The uniformity in shape and coloring 
between eggs of the same set is some- 
thing remarkable. 

Set1. Slightly incubated. All the 
eggs of this set are of a light neutral 
ground color, Jessthickly spotted with 
dark brown than any of the other sets. 
The spots are rounder and not so much 
in the shape of blotches. In shape 
they are rounder at the large end and 
more pointed. All the eggs have dark 
shell markings. 2.76x2.03, 2.78x1.97, 
2.81x2.05. 

Set 2. Slightly incubated. Olive 
eround color. Egg 1 has large spots 
not very thickly distributed; egg 2 has 
spots and lengthy scrawls; egg 3 has 
small and thick spots. 2.79x1.91, 2.84x 
1.87, 2.85x1.93. 

Set 8. Not noticeably incubated. 
Egg 1 has a clear olive ground color 
with very small and thick spots; egg 2 
olive with larger spots and blotches. 
2.90x1.96, 2.89x1.91. 

Set 4. Not noticeably incubated. 
Egg 1 is very dark with medium sized 


THE OOLOGIST. 


spots; egg 2 is lighter with spots not so. 
thick. 2.88x1.91, 2.86x1.92. 

I also tind the Pigeon Guillemot nest- 
ing here in holes in the sides of cliffs 
and caves from eight to twenty-five feet 
above water. Some times the holes. — 
are very hard toget into. When rob- 
bed the birds will immediately lay 
again. On May 12th I took a partially 
incubated set from a hole in a cave and 
on June 11th another in the same con- 
dition. Often two nests willl be within 
two or three feet of each other. The 
eggs are light green with black spots 
usually forming a ring around the large 
end. Often one egg of a-set will be of 
a decided green and the other almost 
white. A specimen set measures: 2.49: 
x1.70, 2.37x1.64. 

_ Whoever he was, whatever his ob- 
ject, and however he managed to reach 
the top, the man who made that island 
accessible has my sincerest gratitude. 
N. M. Moran, 
San Luis Obispo, Cal. 


The First Day of June, ’94. 


It seemed a poor day to do anything 
out of doors. There had been a succes- 
sion of rainy days, and the sky was 
just commencing to clear up in a 
showery, desultory fashion. One min- 
ute it would rain, and the next the sun 
shone bright and uncomfortably warm. 
But as I could not work such a day I 
concluded it would be the best chance 
I might get in a long time to take a col- 
lecting trip to a tract of brush and 
waste land J wished to visit, and so it 
proved. Theretore I got a friend of 
mine, who, though he seldom finds a 
good nest himself, is a great help some- 
times in procuring nests in more or less 
inaccessible positions; gathered up my 
boxes and other necessary adjuncts 
and started out. . 

Of course we laid out our route to in- 
elude as many favorable places for 


THE OOLOGIST. 255 


birds nests as possible on our way 
there. 

Well, we crossed two meadows, and 
after resting ourselves on a rail fence 
to consider the best route to Black 
Creek, we jumped off the fence into 
the third meadow. We had hardly 
struck the ground before a female Bob- 
olink fluttered up from our feet and 
feigning a broken wing tried to lead us 
from her nest. An instant’s search re- 
warded us with a set of six finely 
marked eggs from a slight nest of dead 
grass placed between two stalks of 
white-weed. Wemust have surprised 
her very much as they are seldom 
flushed, usually running off the nest 
and rising at some distance,;making 
their nests hard to locate. 

From here we soon reached the 
Creek. The very first thing I found 
nests of Yellow Warbler and Catbird, 
but as my collection comprises as many 
sets of these asI desire, I left them to 
the old birds, who were expressing 
their displeasure at my presence by 
a great deal of noise, mostly made by 
the Catbirds. Starting up creek to the 
west I had gotten about half way to my 
destination when I flushed a Yellow 
Warbler from her nest in a small wil- 
low, and on looking in from mere curi- 
osity , I noticed something peculiar 
about the bottom of the nest under the 
five eggs it contained. On closer in- 
spection I found that the old bird in- 
stead of building the usual double nest, 
to cover up two Cowbird’s eggs, had 
simply relined the nest, an unusual 
proceeding in my experience, and the 
lining had settled unt'l half of each egg 
stuck up inthe nest. Certainly a queer 
looking affair. 

From here proceeded on up the creek 
until we reached the tract I spoke of, a 
deserted clearing of some 20 <acres, 
overgrown with shrubs, weeds, ete., 
and close to a forest of like size border- 
ing on the creek. I have found many 
nice sets here in former years. 


We had gone but a short distance 
when I saw a suspicious looking spot in. 
the top ofa thorn bush. It proved to 
be a shallow nest of rootlets and while 
we stood looking at the thorns a male 
Rose-breasted Grosbeak flew over our - 
heads with a warning call to his mate. 
She, however, did not appear. We fin- 
ally succeeded in getting the nest down 
whole and found four fresh eggs. The 
ground color was the lightest I have - 
ever seen. Infact, they looked much 
like the eggs of the western Biack- 
headed Grosbeak. 

A little way further and I heard a. 
rustle as a Wilson’s Thrush darted from 
under me and flitted into a thicket, 
Having had some experience with this. 
bird before, I did not step around look- 
ing for the nest. I staid in my tracks 
aud searched the ground and weeds. 
under me until I found the nest, placed 
between two small shrubs, some ten 
inches above the ground and well con- 
cealed under weeds. It is nearly al- 
ways that way wits this bird. Ifyou 
take a single step after flushing the bird 
you may put your foot right on the 
nest, they let you get so close. 

I found two other nests this same day - 
one of them under exactly the same- 
circumstances and in a similar situa- 
tion; the cther was on the end ofa 
branch growing over a puddle of water 
and I stepped on the other end. Of 
course she didn’t wait for me to get 
any nearer. All coutained four eggs 
and incubation commenced. It is the. 
first of the Thrushes to nest here. 

I now began to search for Redstarts’ : 
nests which I had found here on pre- 
vious trips. Suddenly I heard my 
friend exclaim, ‘‘Oh! what’s that?” I 
found him gazing on a female Chestnut- - 
sided Warbler sitting on the nest, in 
a small maple about three feet high. 
On searing her from the nest I gota 
set of three fresh eggs. If I could have 
left them another day, I would probab- 
ly have got another egg. A few min- 


256 THE OOLOGIST. 


utes later I found another nest of this 
species. It was in a sapling some eight 
feet high, and as there was nothing 
near by stout enough to hold me I had 
to cut down the sapling, when I found 
the nest to contain two eggs of the 
Warbler and one of the Cowbird. This 
is the only place near here where I 
have fonnd this Warbler breeding. In 
1891 I took a set of three with Cowbird 
near where I found my second nest on 
this trip. 

We now moved closer to the edge 
of the forest where my friend 
and I, each found a nest and four eggs 
of the Am. Redstart within five min- 
‘utes. Both nests were built near the 
ground in saplings, and incubation was 
just commenced. Soon after we found 
another nest just ready for the eggs. 

On going into the forest a little way 
I secured three eggs of the Red-eyed 
Vireo from a beautiful nest hung on un- 
der side of a horizontal beech limb. 
The nests of this bird are common there, 
but, on account of the Cowbird, many 
are deserted. J once found a nest con- 
taining four eggs laid, I should judge, 
by the coloration, by as many Cow birds. 
Am glad to say the bird was not: sitting 
on them. It is safe to assume that she 
had at least one Cowbird’s egg in her 
other nest. 

After leaving a nest of the Indigu 
Bunting, which contained no eggs as 
yet, we went back into the clearing 
where I found an incomplete set of two 
eggs of the Oven-bird. Nest a neat, 
arched structure of grass-stems. rootlets, 
etc, buried half way in the dead leaves. 
The eggs were beauties and was sorry I 
did not get a full set. Near here I 
found a space where a number of thorn 
bushes grew, and Catbirds were nesting 
in abundance. Nests with four and five 
eggs, probably much incubated, being 
found on every hand. Taking one extra 
fine set of four we concluded that, as 
we were soaked through by the wet 
leaves and grass, and it was a‘ready 


past noon, we would start for dinner, 
which I ate at 2 p. m., six hours from 
the time we started. After dinner I 
spent a busy afternoon getting my spec- 
imens in shape for the cabinet, though, 
fortunately none were badly incubated. 
This is my first record for the Oven-bird 
though I have known that it nested 
here for a long while back 

Two weeks later 1 found my third 
nest of Hermit Thrush, identification 
positive. It contained two eggs of the 
Thrush and one of the Cowbird. The 
bird was sitting on the nest and staid 
close by while I packed the eggs. Nest 
composed almost entirely of dead 
leaves with a few strips of grape-vine 
bark and placed in sapling three feet 
from ground. 

EARNEST H. SHORT, 
Chili, N. Y. 


Fox vs. Crows. 

Seeing the article of Fox vs. Crows in 
the July number of the Od6LOGIST re- 
minds me of a similar instance that I 
witnessed March 25th, 1893. There 
were a large number of Crows after a 
Red Fox. The Fox sneaked along and 
hid under every log it came to. Every 
time the Fox showed itself the Crows 
would dive at it, and set up a great 
hubbub, the Fox soon saw me and ran, 
and the Crows followed for a_ little dis- 
ance. Crows will follow Hawks, Owls 
or Eagles on every occasion, especially 
Owls, but this is the only instance I 
know of their fighting a Fox. 

R. B. Simpson, 
Warren, Penna. 


Chas.-‘K. Reed, of Worcester, Mass.; 
has gone to Greenland with an explor- 
ation party, and is now hovering about 
the North Pole, securing a fine series 
of Walrus, Esquimaux and Polar Bear 
for the holiday trade.—It’s needless to 
add that all will be artistically dis- 
played tinder the Oval Convex Glass 
Shades, 


THE OOLOGIST. 507 


The young are beautiful little puffs 
of down, and are so characteristically 
marked that their parentage is at once 
suggested at sight. Within a day or 
two the young leave their home in the 
hollow and quickly lose their reckon- 

ing and within a week can run about 
the fields and can elude any but a de- 
termined follower. 

In the late summer and fall the fam- 
ilies of birds, from four to six, may be 
seen feeding together on the marshes, 
low fields and borders of lakes and 
ponds. 


<> + 


The Thrasher’s Song. 


The ears of a pedestrian wandering 
among the wooded hills and valleys af 
Southern California, will suddenly be 
greeted with the loud clear notes of a 
hidden songster. If he be inclined to 
notice these manifestations of rural life, 
his attention will be attracted by this 
melody, and he will desire to see the 
author of it. Upon approaching the 
hiding place of the minstrel, the song 
will abruptly cease and the observer 
may catch a glimpse of a drab colored 
bird as it flies hastily from the thickly 
foliaged tree in which it was secreted. 

If the wanderer is accustomed to the 
habits of the California Thrasher, for 
this is the bird he is endeavoring to 
discover, he will remain quietly where 
he is lest his movements will disturb 
the other songsters of the locality, 
and soon the song will burst forth 
anew froma different quarter. Pres- 
ently this song is answered by another 
bird, and then another, until several of 
these sweet woodland musicians are 
engaged in a generous rivalry of song 
in which the participants become so ab- 
soroed that the presence of an intruder 
is not noticed. Now the observer may 
venture to approach one of the song- 
sters. The grass-carpeted ground so 
deadens the tread that he may steal 
noislessly up behind an intervening 


‘in the vicinity of Santa Barbara. 


shrub and through its foliage catch a 
sight of the Thrasher pouring forth his 
sweet song from the topmost limb of a 
neighboring tree. 

The Thrashers frequent the wooded - 
hillsides and valleys of the coast region 
of the southern part of the state of 
California, and are especially abundant 
Here 
the grassy sides of the hills are covered 
with clumps of trees, the intervals be- 
tween being occupied by patches of 
shrubs and plots of flowers. Here also - 
oecur giant live oaks which lift their 
leafy canopies high above the earth and 
throw the ground belo into a dense 
shade into which the light scarcely pen- 
etrates. Yet these shady retreats are 
overgrown with a dense mass of herb- 
age, and wherever the light enters the 
vegetatioa grows in rank profusion. 

It would be difficult to find a spot 
more conducive to bird life. The trees 
above are alive with arboreal birds, 
every field and open upland teems with 
the more terrestrial while about the 
shaded pools of the small streams and 
over the bosom of the mild Pacific 
hover numbers of the aquatic. 

During the spring these places are 
the scenes of great activity. The air 
resounds with the varied strains of the 
feathered songsters. The sweet music, 
like a river of song, floods the vales 
and surges through the gorges, its rip- 
pling accents breaking far up the sides 
of the surrounding hills. The wings of 
sportive creatures glance in the sun- 
shine in every for st opening; — the 
squirrels seurry hither and _ thither 
sounding their shrill notes of alarm at 
any. unfamiliar object; numerous gor- 
geously-hued butterflies flit uncertainly 
about, a few of the hapless creatures 
falling victims to the flycatchers; mul- 
titudes of bees rove amid the blossoms 
making the fields murmur with their 
busy toil; various birds fly about enliv- 
ening the scenes with their gay colors 
and delightful songs, a Phainopepla 


260 THE OOLOGIST. 


passing by in its erratic course makes 
the woods ring with its sweet bell-like 
notes, a Goldfinch in undulating flight 
festoons the ether with its plaintive 
song, a group of Vultures sail silently 
over the land, while an occasional Red- 
tail mounting the stairway of flight, 
rises to a dizzy height to pursueits sol- 
itary course among the clouds. 

Prominent among the tenants of 

these happy scenes is the California 
Thrasher, the minstrel of our groves. 
Unlike the Mocking-bird the Thrasher 
has acquired no love for the habitations 
of man. It delights in the quiet re- 
treats of the country, where only an oe- 
casional ear catches its joyous strains. 
Balanced upon some swaying twig, it 
floods the neighborhood with its notes, 
often pausing in the midst of its song 
to arrange its feathers. This song con- 
sists of imitations of the notes of other 
birds, boldly and quite accurately ren- 
dered, ingeniously interwoven among 
‘strains of its own, and all is given with 
a zest that thrills the listener and makes 
‘the Thrasher an element of beauty in 
our rural districts. 

The Thrasher is accustomed to sing at 
almost any hour of the day, but its 
sweetest efforts are heard «during the 
cool hours of morning and of evening. 
Its morning song, the first sound that 
breaks upon the quiet vales, heralds 
the approach of day to the drowsy ten- 
ants of the woods. While a purple mist 
still surmounts the distant mountains, 
the Thrasher seeks some elevated sta- 
tion where the first beams of the rising 
sun may bathe its plumage, soon in the 
east the loftiest streaks are crowned 
with a halo of golden light, the purple 
veil gradually slips from the mountain’s 
brow, ard finally the glorious king of 
day swells above the horizon, gladen- 
ing the sleeping world below with his 
kindly light. The fields kissed by the 
morning breeze, feel the pulsations of 
life, each stalk bows a gracious good- 
morning to its fellows; the flowers 


bursting from their night’s repose 
freight the early gale with their fra- 
grance; the fresh leaves of the over- 
hanging foliage show their lovliest 
green, while in every shaded nook deli- 
cate ferns sparkle with dewy gems. 
Meanwhile the song of the Thrasher 
has reverberated among the hills and 
dales. The woodland minstrels are 
now astir greeting the dawn with their 
joyous lays. The Thrasher from his 
point of vantage rejoices in the light 
and warmth shed about him and his 
song grows into an ecstasy of melody 
as he leads the rural choirs. The woods 
and fields resound with the joyous 
music of these feathered orchestras: 


‘While Earth’sfnll heart is throbbing 
over 
With its wealth of life and light and 
Oem 
The cool hours of morning pass away 
and the mid-day glare drives the fest- 
ive choristers to the shady nooks. The 
woods and fields are now comparatiy- 
ly silent, only an oceasional song stir- 
ring the heated atmosphere. The sun 
passes the zenith, traverses the western 
hills and finally sinks to rest. Night, 
cowled in dusky robes from the Orient, 
creeps along every glimmering stream, 
over the hills and uplands, and across 
the verdant valleys, wrapping every 
mountain, vale and cliff in the darkness 
and the hush of her gloom: 
“Twilight’s gray and pensive hour 
Brings the low breeze and shuts the 
flower.’ 


The fields and tree-tops gleam in the 
soft moonlight, the silvery beams find 
their way through the openings in the 
groves, illuminating every little glade 
and dancing along every murmuring 
stream, all is quiet save the melancholy 
ery of the Whip-poor-will, or the hoot 
of the distant lonely Owl. Suddenly 
a sweet harmony breaks upon the ear, 
floating upon the fragrant breeze and 
keeping time with the soft rustling of 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Nesting Habits of the Killdeer. 
BY DIDYMUS. 

The Killdeer Plover arrives in South- 
ern Michigan in March generally, but 
sometimes it is seen or heard in Febru- 
ary. It is also not rarely seen in De- 
cember, but as a rule the birds are only 
here in numbers a little over eight 
months in the year. 

This familiar and well known bird is 
quite generally a favorite and there are 
few persons in the country who are not 
acquainted with it. The Killdeer is 
rarely seen on high and sandy soil, ex- 
cepting during migrations, at which 
time the flying birds pass over all sec- 
tions, and always make their presence 
known by their vociferous notes. In 
selecting a summer home its wants are 
quite different from the other small 
waders. Not liking the grassy sec- 
tions like the Spotted Sandpiper, it se- 
leects more open spots and nothing 
seems as acceptable as a low moist 
stubble field or a shelving gravelly spot 
near a marsh. The Killdeer is rarely 
or never found in fields well covered 
with thick grass, nor is it much given 
to haunting the shores of ponds and 
lakes during nesting, although often 
found there later in the season. 

I believe this Plover usually begins 
nesting in early May, but often the 
eggs are laid by April fifteenth or 
earlier, and I should not be greatly 
surprised to find a set of eggs in March 
some early season. Again the eggs are 
found in June and these finds are not 
second nestings, as it is not thought 
that the waders rear second broods, 
but it is quite probable that the birds 
have been broken up in housekeeping 
the first time. 

A few notes taken at random from 
my observations may be of interest to 
your readers: March 15, 1873—Saw 
several; the snow has not yet gone. 
May 27, 1874—Found three little birds 


257 


about four days old. March 9, 1878— 
First seen this season. June 27, 1877— 
Four eggs incubated about a week.. 
May 8, 1879—Found two young four to 
six days old. May 25, 1879—A friend 
took four fresh eggs in a corn field. 
April 1, 1885—Observed first one. The- 
snow is still three feet deep in places, 
and it is a very backward spring. 
June 1, 1882—Heard one at midnight 
when it is raining hard; why is it mi- 
grating now? 

The Killdeer usually migrates at 
night; in fact all of tne smaller waders. 
do, and Iam not sure that this time is- 
not selected by nearly or quite all spe- 
cies of birds, excepting perhaps the 
geese at times, and the seed-eaters, as 
the Northern Grosbeaks and Crossbills, 
which move about in winter. But of 
the birds which pass north in the 
spring, I believe that all move at night 
generally with the exception of the 
Hawk, Wild Pigeon, Turtle Dove, King-- 
fisher and Swallow. Often, when in 
the country, I have heard the lively 
notes of this bird in the dead of night,. 
and have known it to fly over the city 
in itsramblings. In July, August and 
September it is not rare to hear this. 
bird as it feeds on the shores of lakes 
at all hours of the night at favorable- 
times. 

In the spring migration, this species, 
like others of the small waders, strange- 
ly enough, selects cloudy nights for its- 
movements. Atleast this is nearly al-- 
ways so, if we are to judge from the- 
notes, our only means of observation. 
One rarely hears a notefrom a Killdeer,. 
Snipe or Sandpiper if the moon is- shin- 
ing during migrations, whereas a. 
cloudy night in late April is. always 
marked for its many notes of these 
waders in the air. 

The birds having mated, oer going: 
through all the appearance of mating 
after much demonstration, select a site 
for their eggs. I think that most birds. 
of this size and larger, are mated. fon- 


~ 258 THE OOLOGIST. 


all time, and are therefore solid with 
- their partners; still there is the same 
amount of courting each season, even 
among birds which have nested regu- 
larly in the same locality for years. 

Perhaps as the birds have no uests to 
build they make up in courting the usu- 
al time spent by other birds in nest- 
building. At last a slight hollow being 
_chosen, four eggs are laid on the bare 
ground. Not the slightest evidence of 
preparation is shown, although some 
- collectors claim that the hollow is scrap- 

ed out by the birds. 

The eggs, four in number, are mark- 
edly pyriform, and are invariably laid 
with the four smaller ends together in 

-the center of the slight depression. 
This arrangement of the Killdeer’s 
eggs is acustom adopted by all the rep- 
resentatives of the Snipe and Plover 
families so far asI know. It is for a 
purpose and the position is to meet the 
requirements of the incubating bird. 
The eggs of all these birds are propor- 
tionately exceedingly large for the size 
of the bird, and the arrangement un- 

_ doubedly serves a purpose. Itis hard- 
ly fairto say that instinct assists the 
bird in the arrangement of its eggs, 

-and I prefer to admit that the bird 
reasons. At least I am satisfied that 

-this is the case. For if the eggs are 
displaced in the depression it will be 
found that they have been rearranged 
in some instances by the bird within a 
few hours. 

It is impossible to offer a solution to 
this problem, if we may call itso, un- 
less, suggested that itis a wise provis- 
ion, governed by wise ruling power, 
which so ordains the arrangement 
which best admits of the bird’s cover- 
ing them thoroughly. 

It is fair to doubt if the Killdeer or 
any other of this order of birds could 
properly cover the four eggs if they 
were arranged in any other position 
than that in which they are found, 
with the four smaller ends in the cen- 


ter. These birds have proportionately 
small bodies and are not provided with 
loose, fluffy feathers, so well supplied 
to the grouse and other birds which lay 
many eggs. With the Killdeer the 
bared abdomen fits down into the group 
of four eggs, and the heat, so essential. 
is equally distributed. It is safe to say 
that by no possible means in the power 
of the bird could the fifth egg be hatch- 
ed. 

It is a very easy matter to find the 
neighborhood of a nest, for a pair of 
birds will attempt io draw off a col- 
lector before he is within forty rods of 
the exact spot. In fact I have some- 
times found it difficult to locate the 
field in which the nest was situated. 
Often in neighborhoods where strollers 
are common, and the dangers of annoy- 
anee greater, a pair of nesting birds 
will attempt to decoy a collector long 
before he reaches the ffeld. I have 
often had a bird or a pair use their 
powers of allurement on me when I 
was still quite one hundred rods from 
the nest. 

These efforts not rarely succeed even 
with advanced collectors, for the col- 
lector thinks that he knows where to 
look. But he don’t and will eventually 
find that the best means of discovering 
the nest is by carefully watching the 
birds after they have given over their 
deceiving movements. 

A favorite location for the eggs is on 
a gravelly ridge in an open field. Or 
again in a cultivated, often a corn field. 
The eggs are very difficult to find as 
their spotted appearance lends an ad- 
ditional means of concealment, and it 
is to be doubted if a nest would be 
found if the birds did not assist. But the 
vociferations of a pair are so marked 
when a nest is approached closely that 
the scent is rarely mistaken. 

Though gregarious in spring and aut- 
umn, the Killdeer rarely, if ever, 
breeds in colonies. I have never seen 
an instance of the kind and have only 
once recorded two nests in a field. 


THE OOLOGIST. 263 


banks of the Ohio. The man at the 
steering-oar hoped “‘the black rascal” 
had broken his neck, and congratulat- 
ed himself in the same breath for the 
safety of his horses, which presently re- 
gained their feet. Sambo, however, 
leaped on the naked back. of one, and 
and, showing his rows of ivory, laugh- 
ed at his masters curses. After a se- 
ries of such incidents as these they fi- 
nally reached Boston. 
FRED W. PARKHURST, 
(TO BE CONTINUED.) 


~< 


Nesting of the Whooping Crane. 

The Great White or Whooping Crane 
(Grus americana) is one of the wildest 
and rarest of our large birds. Though 
the Whooping Cranes are seen passing 
over in the spring, and one is occasion- 
ly taken at that time, and they are said 
to have been not uncommon and bred 
here in earlier times, the fact of their 
occurrence in this vicinity at the pres- 
ent time, was unknown to me until re- 
cently. 

On May 24th. 1894, a boy offered to 
sell me two Sandhiil Cranes’ eggs, which 
he had found about a week previously. 
The next Saturday, May 26th, I started 
out to his place to try and collect some 
eggs. Inthe afternoon we started for 
a marsh, which a pair of White Cranes 
had frequented all spring. The boy 
said that quite a number of White 
Cranes had been seen around there in 
the early spring, but only one pair had 
remained over. As we came up over 
the top of a hill we saw in the middle 
of a large marsh two white objects, 
which looked like large rocks, but they 
began moving, and had evidently seen 
us aS soon aS we saw them, for they 
soon rose up with slow, heavy flaps of 
their great wings and flew over to the 
further side of the marsh, where we 
could see them stalking along with long 
strides as fast asa man could walk. In 
fact, when they stood straight up, they 


looked almost as tallasa man. Occa- 
sionally one would utter a whoop that 
could be heard for a long distance. 

We waded along the whole length of 
the slough finding some masses which 
looked like Cranes’ nests, but securing 
uothing but a Grebe’s egg, which I dug 
out of a wet floating mass of rotten 
vegetation. While wading through the 
slough we scared up several small 
flocks of Mallards, Pintails, Biue-wing- 
ed Teals, and saw Wilson’s Phalaropes 
and Black Terns by the dozen. 

When we got near the nest end of the 
slough,I started to wade down a branch 
that went off towards the south. I saw 
several Cranes’ nests or muskrat houses, 
I could not tell which, only a few rods 
apart. As I stood up on one and look- 
around I saw two great eggs on the 
next one. 

All this while the two Cranes had 
been stalking along on the hill quite a 
ways off, keeping close together, and 
seemed trying to attract our attention 
by holding their heads down, dragging 
one leg, and sometimes spreading their 
wings. Iyelled to the boys to come 
over. as I had found a Crane’s nest. 
While they were coming up, the Cranes 
were approaching nearer until they 
were about twenty rods away. They 
would stand perfectly still for 2 minute 
ata time, with the wings wide-spread 
and held out from the body, and made 
a beautiful picture with their graceful 
snowy-white bodies and great black- 
tipped wings. On our coming towards 
them they flew a short distance and 
lighted again. My companion and I 
went around in opposite directions to 
try and get a shot at them, but the 
Cranes were too wary to be outwitted 
by such maneuvers and before we could 
get within forty rods of them they flew 
up again and lighted over in the slough 
nearer the nest. My brother, who was 
sitting on the nest while we sneaked 
around, said they then came up within 


about ten rods from him, and would 


264 


hop on one leg, stretch out one wing, 
and try to decoy him after them. 

We could see the Cranes far out on 
the prairie for the hour or two we were 
around there, and even after we were 
out of sight we could hear their loud 
singing whoops. The Whooping 
Crane’s note seems to be louder and 
has a more ringing and resonant tone 
than the Sandhill Crane’s voice, which 
has a rougher, rasping sound. 

But, let us speak of the nest. It was 
a mass of grass, rushes and reeds about 
two feet across and eight or ten inches 
above the water, which at this place 
was about a foot anda half deep. The 
water was open fora few feet around 
the nest, but in most places was grown 
up with rushes and saw-grass. The 
nest was so solid that I sat down on it 
without sinking it into the water. 

The eggs were perfectly fresh. One 
was a light greenish brown color, spot- 
ted quite thickly and evenly over the 
whole surface with brown and _ buff 
spots and purplish shell markings. 
The ground color of the other egg was 
of a light brownish color, without a de- 
cided greenish tinge, spotted about the 
same as the first egg, but with many of 
the spots confluent at the larger end. 
They measnred 4.06x2.38 and 4.08x2.50, 
respectively. 

In comparison with a set of two eggs 
of the Sandhill Crane, they appear pro- 
portionally longer and narrower, and 
have a somewhat rougher shell with a 
few elevations on the shell like little 
pimples. 

This nest was found in the marshes 
along the headwaters of the Iowa riv- 
er, two or three miles northwest of 
Hayfield or Madison Junction, Han- 
cock county, Iowa. 

RUDOLPH M. ANDERSON, 
Forest City, Iowa. 


July OOLOGIST was the most interesting and 
instructive of tne 14O.and O. papers I take. 
Isador S. Trostler, Omaha, Neb. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Habits of the American Woodcock in Ashta-~ 
bula Co., Ohio. 


F. C. HUBBARD. 

The American Woodcock, Philohelaw 
minor, is a quite common summer resi-. 
dent, but is rapidly diminishing in num- 
bers, it may be found from March to, 
October. 

The Woodcock is one of the most, if 
not the most highly esteemed of our. 
game birds, may be found at almost, 
any season of the year when the ground, 
is not frozen. The Woodcock during: 
the breeding season frequents the dense. 
woods even hill sides, but in this case. 
in the vicinity of water. After the 
breeding season they are found in more. 
open wet places, especially at night for. 
their habits are quite nocturnal. Corn-. 
fields, pastures and commons with a, 
rich loamy soil are favorite places ofj 
resort after sunset. 

The Woodcock once so common jin, 
this section of Ohio, are fast diminish- 
ing, owing to the draining of our bogs. 
and swampy lands. However, quite a, 
number of these birds breed yearly, 
and two sets of four eggs each were. 
taken during the season of 794, by eol-. 
lectors in our village. One of the sets: 
I was fortunate enough to purchase of a. 
young man, not a very enthusiastic col- 
lector. The eggs were collected by the. 
boy’s father four miles from here in the. 
Grand River valley while on a fishing. 
excursion. On May 30, 1890, I found, 
two young Woodcocks nearly large 
enough to fly and tried my best to raise 
them, although they would eat insects 
and worms given them they soon died; 
probably on account of the lack of. 
nourishing substances not known to me.. 
Ihave since come to the conclusion, 
that it is better to leave them in their. 
element than to imprison them, even if: 
they can be raised. 

When disturbed from the nest or the. 
young are endangered the parent ex~ 


THE OOLOGIST 261 


the leaves. It is the Thrasher’s even- 
ing lay: softened by distance and sweet- 
ened by the hush of night. It seems 
that the fall of darkuess affects the 
birds as it affects us. In the morning 
their song is the joyous outburst of a 
glowing spirit, thrilled with the happi- 
ness of Earth, but when the shades of 
night gather about them and surround 
them with darkness and helplessness 
their voices appeal with incomparable 
sweetness to that Guardian who notes 
even tho fall of a spariow, in a song 
touched with sympathy, tempered with 
reverence and hallowed with love. 
«Sweeter far that melting voice 

Than all which through the day rejoice, 
And still shall bard and wanderer love 
The twilight-music of the groye.”’ 

Harry C. LILLIE. 


‘Notes From Audubon’s Biography. 


PART: 

After a very pleasant visit in Frances 
Audubon and Swainson returned to 
England, where Audubon spent the 
winter.. In April, 1829, he sailed for 
America. On reaching his native land, 
he leaped on shore scoured the woods 
of the Middle States, and reached 
Louisiana by the end of November. 

Accompanied by his wife he left New 
Orleans on the 8th of January the year 
following, and sailing from New York 
on the first of April, had the pleasure 
after a short and delightful voyage, of 
landing safely in Liverpool. On his ar- 
rival in London, Audubon ‘vas present- 
ed by his excellent friend, Mr. J. G. 
‘Children, with a diploma from the Roy- 
al Society. 

Previous to his departure from Eng- 
land ona second visit to the United 
States, Audubon had the honor of be- 
ing presented to his Royal Highness the 
Duke of Sussex, by whom he was favor- 
ed witha general letter of introduction to 
the authorities in the British Colonies. 


Audubon and his wife sailed on the 
first of August, 1831, landed at New 
York,where but a few days were spent, 
and proceeded to Philadelphia, where 
Audubon met his old friends, secured a 
few subscribers, and was_ presented 
with more diplomas. Audubon now 
had two assistants; one from London, 
Mr. Ward, the other a highly talented 
Swiss, Mr. George Lehman. At Wash- 
ington Audubon received from _ the 
heads of our Government letters of as- 
sistance and protection along the front- 
ier, which it’ was his purpose to visit. 
The party, from Washington, proceed- 
ed down the broad Chespeake Bay, 
reached Norfolk, and boarding another 
steamer soon arrived at Richmond. 
Having made the acquaintance several 
years before of the Governor of Ken- 
tucky, Audubon went to him, and was 
received in a most cordial manner, and 
furnished with letters of introduction. 
After the visit to the Governor the par- 
ty proceeded southward to Charleston, 
and it was while in this city that Audu- 
bon made the acquaintance of the Rev. 
John Bachman. It was late in the af- 
ternoon when they took up their lodg- 
ings at Charleston, and being greatly 
fatigued by their journey, they imme- 
diately retired. At the first, streak of 
dawn Audubon and his assistants were 
already several milesfrom the city, 
commencing their search in the fields 
and woods; and having procured abun- 
dance of subjects, both for the scalpel 
and pencil, they returned home, cover- 
ed with mud, and so accoutred as to 
draw the attention of everybody te- 
wards them. As the party approached 
the boarding house Audubon observed 
a gentleman on horseback close to their 
door. He looked at our naturalist 
closely, came up and inquired if he was 
Audubon, and being answered in the 
affirmative instantly leaped from the 
saddle, shook Audubon cordially by the 
hand, and urged him with his assist- 
ants to remove to his house and make 


262 THE OOLOGIST. 


their headquarters there. Dogs, ser- 
yants and horses were placed at the dis- 
posal of the party, and they remained 
with their kind host during the whole 
of their stay in Charleston. This was 
the character of the eminent Dr. Bach- 
man. 

From Charleston the party sailed for 
the Floridas, and after some delay, oc- 
casioned by bad weather, put into a 
harbor near St. Simond’s Island, where 
they were so fortunate as to meet Mr. 
Thomas B. King, who, after replenish- 
ing their store of provisions, subscribed 
for a copy of the “Birds of America.”’ 
Soon after they were safely landed at 
St. Augustine, where they commenced 
their investigations. 

In April, through the influence of let- 
ters from the Hon. Lewis M’Lean of 
the Treasury Department and the 
prompt assistance of Col. J. Pringle, 
they went aboard the Revenue Cutter 
‘“Marion’’ at Indiana Key, and were af- 
forded important aid by the Deputy 
Collector, Mr. Thurston. Having ex- 
amined every part of the coast, which 
it was the duty of the commander of 
the ‘‘Marion” to approach, the party 
returned to Charleston, where they dis- 
banded, Audubon bending his steps 
eastward, being anxious to keep pace 
with the birds during their. migrations. 

At Philadelphia Audubon was joined 
by his family, and from there went on 
to Boston. Aboutthe middle of August 
they left their Boston friends and 
journeyed eastward, and after a pro- 
longed trip came in sight of Moose Is- 
land. Leaving Moose Island they went 
to Dennisville, where they made the ac- 
quaintance of the estimable Judge Lin- 
coln and his family. Having decided 
to explore the provinces of New Bruns- 
wick they proceeded to St. Johns, 
where they were treated in a very kind 
manner; and ascending the river of that 
name reached Fredericktown, where a 
week was spent. 

At Fredericktown they embarked in 


an old tow-boat bearing the high-sound- 
ing title of the ‘‘Favorite.”” As she 

happened to be the only vessel around 
she was indeed a “‘favorite.” The old 
vessel contained men of all descrip- 
tions, from the wealthy farmer and 
land-holder down to the meanest ped- 

dler. The ‘‘Favorite” was commanded 

by a person of rude manners and un- 

couth appearance, on a par however 
with the surroundings. Two cadayer- 
ous locking nags were hitched to the 
end of a long tow-line, driven by a half- 

clad negro, who was urging them along 
at the astonishing speed of some two 

miles an hour. Gradually they pro- 

eeeded, until, in the afternoon they 
landed to exchange their weary 
“‘steeds’’ for others which were in near- 
ly as sorry condition. Audubon and 
his party espied a house on a near-by 

hill, surrounded by a group of people, 

and upon enquiring if dinner could be 
had, was told by the landlord <hat it 
would be utterly out of the question as 
an election was being held. They, how- 
ever, managed to make out a comforta- 
ble meal with what they had brought 
with them for alunch. The rotten old 
tow-line gave way several times after 
exchanging horses, and once in conse- 
quence the commander of the ‘“Favyo- 
rite’ was plunged into the stream. 
The only result was a good drenching, 

which the able captain consoled him- 
self for by a volley of oaths, such as on~ 
ly a sailor can articulate. They stop- 
ped for the night and the following 
morning before daybreak started again 
on their way. Some rapids were reach- 
ed, and every one glad to assist the old 
boat leaped ashore and tugged away at 
the tow-line of the crazy old float. 

Some miles farther up they passed a 
rather curious cataract formed by the 
waters of the Pokioke. There Sambo 

led his steeds up the steep bank, when, 

lo! the whole party came tumbling 
down like so many hogsheads of tobac- 

eco rolled from a store-house to the 


THE OOLOGIST. 265 


hibits remarkable sagacity in attracting 
attention to herself and from the object 
of her affections, and feigns lameness 
in limb and wing often leading the ob- 
server to a hopeless pursuit. 

I was reading an account some time 
ago of a bird who removed the eggs 
from her nest on being disturbed, re- 
minds me of an instance where a fellow 
collector found a nest containing three 
eggs and wishing to secure the full set 
of eggs decided to leave them for a day 
orso. Onreturning a few days after 
the eggs were gone, found by some 
lucky collector so he supposed, but on 
starting back again he had not gone 
more than fifteen feet when he again 
flushed Mrs. Woodcock and secured the 
full set. 

The eggshad been removed by the 
old bird and placed in a newly con- 
structed nest. Thisis not always the 
ease with them. On one occasion I 
found anest of this bird containing 
four eggs, I took one of the eggs and 
on returning a few days after found the 
bird still occupying the same nest. 

The eggs are four in number, gray, 
speckled and spotted with dark brown; 
the nest is found with great difficulty. 


The Road-runner. 
Geococcyx californianus, LESS. 

This bird is best known as the Chap- 
paral-Cock in this locality, getting that 
name from the character of the country 
which it inhabits. It is veritably a bird 
of the Chapparal. 

In this and adjacent counties it is a 
common resident but the ravages of the 
pernicious ‘“‘Sunday-hunter” are begin- 
ning to tell perceptibly in its numbers. 
They make excellent targets for persons 
who go out hunting ‘‘just to see what I 
can shoot.” 

The Paisano, as it issometimes called, 
lives upon insects, snakes, eggs, young 
birds and little chickens. The eggs and 


young of Mockingbirds, Sparrows and 
other birds nesting near the ground, 
and not having sufficient energy or 
bravery to defend their homes, from 
the main food supply of the Road-run- 
ner during the breeding season. 

Little chicks are considered tender 
morsels by these birds even though 
they have to invade the very hen-house 
to obtain them. Many a chick has met 
an early death at the hands of an inno- 
cent appearing Road-runner, and then 
had its death credited to some roving 
coyote or thieving Hawk by its sorrow- 
ing owner, while the real culprit goes 
unharmed, often unsuspected. 

A farmer told me not long ago that 
he had shot one of these birds in the 
very act of sucking eggs in his chicken- 
house. 

Time and again I have been attracted 
by the distressed cries of Mockingbirds 
to where a Road-runner was robbing a 
nest of eggs or young, only to arrive 
and see him making off to the Chappar- 
al, sometimes with one or more young 
birds in his bill,—for this bird takes as 
big a mouthful as he can get, you know. 

They have only two notes that I 
know of, one a loud trill made by snap- 
ping the manibles together several 
times in quick succession, the other a 
mournful coo-ah, accenting the first syl- 
lable. The latter call I have heard on- 
ly in the late winter and early spring. 
Doubtless it is a mating call. 

The birds are not combative. I have 
never seen them quarrel either among 
themselves or with other birds, but on 
the other hand I have often seen them 
flee in terror before a pair of Scissor- 
tail Flyeatchers, stillitis no disgrace 
for them to run away from these little 
spitfires,—even the lordly Red-tail does 
that. 

When a Road-runner is surrouded by 
ascreeching, chattering crowd of Mock- 
ingbieds, Cardinals and Sparrows he 
puts on an air of injured innocence and 
sits looking calmly upon his little foes 


266 


as though totally unconscious of the 
vile epithets being hurled at him. He 
is a splendid actor. 

Whenever found in the open, they 
make for the Chapparal, running with 
head low down and neck stretched for- 
ward. If not pursued they will stop 
every hundred yards or so, and take a 
look around, then make another spurt, 
and so on till lost to sight. But if hard 
pressed they get over the ground amaz- 
ingly fast with the help of their wings. 

Sometimes when caught in a lane 
and chased the silly birds will keep 
straight ahead, maybe for a mile, down 
the lane; then its senses returning, or 
getting tired of the race, they will turn 
off to one side into the pastures, where 
they could have gone directly in the first 
place. 

Early in March nest building begins. 
Sometimes an old nest is rebuilt, but 
as the nests are not very stout there is, 
asarule, little of the old nest left. 
Usually the center of a Chapparal thick- 
et is chosen. Sometimes hackberry 
trees are used, and the “Spanish bayo- 
net” often forms a very secure place for 
a nest. 

The nests are placed fiom three to 
ten feet up. Small sticks and thorny 
twigs loosely put together, form the 
structure; while the lining, if any, is of 
grass, weeds, and often the green leaves 
of the mesquite tree. 

The eggs are from two to nine in 
number, usually two to seven. Six is 
the average, and nine the largest I have 
found. The eggs are pure glossy white 
in color, and ovate, some of them ellip- 
tical, in shape. 1.56 x 1.20 inches is an 
average size, but they vary fully one- 
tenth of an inch, more or less, than this 
average. in wet weather the eggs otf- 
ten get beautifully frescoed with mud 
from the feet of the old bird. These 
birds always forget to wipe their feet 
before entering their parlors, and asa 
consequence the eggs are sometimes 
perfectly black. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


I have taken sets of seven as early as 
March 18th, and incubated eggs as late 
as June 25th. Three-fourths of all the 
eggs of this species that I have collect- 
ed have been taken in April. 

I have noticed in blowing these eggs. 
that some of them have a very peculiar: 
way of ‘‘sweating.” The watery albu- 
men comes out in little drops all over the 
egg as though through pores in the shell. 
Upon examining the specimen in which 
this sweating was most noticeable with 
a strong glass I found that the whole. 
shell was perforated with innumerable: 
small holes, hardly visible to the naked 
eye. I do not know the cause or effect. 
of this, unless it was for ventilation? I 
have noticed this more or less in a doz- 
en specimens. 

Incubation begins as soon as a few 
eggs are laid, and the laying of eggs: 
also continnes. so young birds and 


_nearly fresh eggs are found in the same 


nest. 

When taken before they leave the. 
nest they can be easily tamed but make: 
very troublesome pets. At least, that. 
is my experience. The last Chapparal 
Cock I had was convicted of sucking 
eggs, and killed accordingly, death 
being the penalty for that crime. 

A. H. W. Norton, 
San Antonio, Texas.. 


A Curious Accident. 


C. Leonard Whitmire’s article in 
April O6LOGIST reminds me of a curi- 
ous accident that came under my no- 
tlee in ’93. A friend while passing a. 
farm house near this city noticed a pair 
of Chimney Swifts cireling around 
and sometimes flying into a large chim- 
ney which supported a lightning rod. 

A few minutes afterwards he again 
passed the house, and looking up saw 
one of. the Swifts impaled and _ still 
struggling on the rod. 

It had probably, while diving into the. 
chimney, been forced against the sharp. 
point by a sudden gust of wind. 

Gero. H. DAVIs, 
Painesville, Ohio. 


THE OOLOGIST. 267 


THE OOLOGIST,. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, Hditor and Publisher, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
’ from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 
Single Subscription - - 50¢ per annum 
Sample Copies - - = - - 5c each 
The above rates include payment of postage by us. 


Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good 
for an Exchange Notice and the other tor 25c, 
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 

Subscriptions can begin with any number. 
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munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, 

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the month as possible. 


ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLASS MATTE 


orceesereee wen: AeA | mE 


The following from F. Warne & Co,, 
Publishers, New York, under date of 


July 10th is self-explanatory: ‘‘As the 
delay in printing the Royal Natural 
History was greater than anticipated, 
and we are thus carried into the heated 
term, when the absence of so many 
from their homes, added to the more 
tian usual dullness of the summer sea- 
son, renders it unadvisable to issue a 
work of this nature, we have deter- 
mined to postpone the publication of 
No. 1 until September 1st, to be foilow- 
ed at regular monthly intervals by the 
other numbers as announced.” 


Among the ‘Boys” who have drop- 
ped in during the past few weeks we 
are pleased to record Neil F. Posson, 
Ye Old Associate Editor of the OoLo- 
GIsT, now of Batavia, N. Y.; Geo. F. 
Guelf, the popular taxidermist of 
Brockport, N. Y.; James DeLaney, the 
well known Conchologist of Ward’s 
Natural Science Establishment, and A. 
W. Baylis, a young banker whose name 
is familiar to our readers, from Cedar 
Rapids, lowa. Mr. B. caught us right 
in the midst of dissolution and _persist- 
ed in ‘‘kodaking” us just as we were— 
the result will certainly prove of orni- 
thologieal value and Friend B. will un- 
doubtedly label it ‘A Queer Pair.” 


Fred D. Snyder and Kirk B. Mathes, 
whose names and faces are familiar 
ones to many readers of the OdLOGIST, 
and who have been with ‘‘Lattin’’ for 
the past five or six years are looking 
after L’s interests at Chautauqua this 
season and later will take charge of 
some of his extensive exhibits at the 
greater of our Fairs and Expositions. 


The readers of the OdLOGIsT will note 
the ‘‘Dissolution Notice” which appears 
on another page—this might perhaps be 
more appropriately termed a/‘‘divis- 
ion” notice—as Mr. Webb takes our 
entire stock of Eggs,Skins, Minerals, In- 
struments and Supplies, and a general 
assortment of Specimens and Curiosi- 
ties. The undersigned retains the O6- 
LOGIST,the stores and stock at Chautau- 
qua, and a wholesale stock of Shells, 
Curios and Resort Goods. In the fu- 


ture Mr. Webb will cater for a general 
trade and endeavor to corral every un- 


protected collector who is (un)fortunate 
enough to possess a specimen of the 
Almighty Dollar, and as he knows the 
value of the OGLOGIST as an advertising 
medium his many friends, among its 
readers, can rest assured, from his 
announcements, from time to time, that 


268 


it would prove a barren field in his lo- 
eality for moss collecting. 

The work of the writer has for the 
past fifteen or more years been al- 
most exclusively along the line of the 
Natural Sciences and he decided long 
ago that his life work should never de- 
viate very far from this path. What- 
ever form this work may take in future 
his many friends and patrons can rest 
assured that he will remain as ever, 

Faithfully, Frank H. LATTIN. 


= ++ <> >< 


Necrology. 


Ford, Walter J., of Joliet, Ill. 
LOWES: 


Aged 


JUNE CONTEST. 


Thirty-nine Judges. 


1. A Day with the Cooper's Hawks, 
2. Notesfrom Audubon’s Biography, 


3. The Whip-poor will, 108. 

4. Some Winter Bird-Life, 96. 

5. Vireouidse nn Iowa, 47. 

The Judges’ prizes were awarded as 
follows: 


1. No. 28—Arthur P. Simmons, No. 
43 Grand St., Troy, N. Y. Exact. 

2. No. 5—Chas. 4H. Dickinson, 
Grand Rapids, Minn, 2, 1. 3, 4, 5. 

3. No. 383—Rogeis P._ Gillespie, 
Starkville, Miss, 2, 1, 3, 4, 5 

4. No. 23—J.H. Brown, Davenport, 
ilowa, 1, 3, 2, 4. 5. 

5. No. 4—KEd. Doolittle, Painesville, 
(Oy, 1, 25.85 0 4: 


The olen ing Judges named the win- 
ning articles: 

No. 2—R. McPherson, Mass. 
3—Cyrus Crosby, N. Y. 
8—F. G. Hargest, N. Y. 
12—C. Irvine, Tex. 
21—W. H. Osgood, Calif. 
24H, C. Lillie, Calif. 
27—W. Truitt. Kans. 
30—D. F. Weeks, Oregon. 
34—N. G. Van DeWater, N. Y. 
35—B. A. Garrett, N. Y. 
39—F. Me Allister, Mich, 


All prizes were mailed on July 10. 


THE OOLOGIST 


You Are a Judge. 

Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the jirsé day of September. 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and 
mail tous. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes should 
be awarded. 

We give our Judges five prizes hav- 
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one 
to each of the five whose decisions are 
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes. 


Figures of Importance. 


Examine the number following yout 
name on the wrapper of this OOLOGIST. 
This number denotes the time when 
your subscription expires or has expir- 
ed. 

56 signifies your subscription expir ed June, 1890 


62 Dec 

68 a a ae oe June, 1891 
7 Hy He a Dec. 5 
80 oe oe oe be ee 1892 
86 ee oe ee be Dee 

92 Q ee ie 3 June, 1893 
98 oe ‘ ‘ ‘ Dee 

104, *s oe ie ne cae 1894 
INO) = o8 " ue Willexpire Dec. ‘ 


We are desirous of straightening our 
subseription books at once and trust 
our subseribers will send in their sub- 
seriptions for ’94 including all arrear- 
ages, at their earliest conveniences, the 
amounts necessary te accomplish this 
are as follows: 


56" — $2.95, 62" 82.00. “68—$1.75. ‘74”.—$1.50 
“80"—$1.25. ‘86"—$1.00. °92"—75e. 98" —50e. 
10."—25e. 

Should you desire to discontinue 


your subseription to the O6LOGIST your 
indebtedness to us is 15 cents less than 
the above amount. The figures are 
according to our books July 7, 1894, 
and many renewals received since that 
date have been eredited on our books, 
but not on the wrapper. 


Wonderful o4"Harte, Seweier, 


Rochester, N. Y., will bring. 


4 4shoetGuns 

ago = 2 

Vr 

2) op) 5 ‘Send stamp ——=7 

a) & for Price List. Q@unWorks,Pittsburgh,Pa- 


SEINES, NETS, TENTS, and 


SPORTING GOODS. 
Every description of Guns, R2volvers, Ammu- 
nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric- 
es. We have somethirg of interest to you. 


THE OOLOGIST. 269: 


kixchange Extracrdinary. 


I need at once the following first class eggs, either in sets or singles, in ex- 
change at Standard Catalogue rates. or if in sets I will allow 10 per cent above 
these prices, in exchange for the articles mentioned below. Eggs taken in any 
quantity. No amount less than $1.00 can be “bothered with,’ unless 10e in stamps 
is enclosed to pay postage and p: icking. If you have any rare,or quite desirable 
species, in quantity to offer, send list. Species wanted, A. O. U. Nos. 


1-4 6-7-12-16-27-29-49 53-58-59-64-69-70-7 1-72-74-77-€0- TOSSINES Inlais eb © plea eee es eee een 25 
any eoamornns Ducks or Geese, 190-191-194-196- 10 different specimens of Coral........... -....... 1 00 
197-20 1-205-206-208-211-212-214-218- 19-225-226-22e-230- IMibiiiays WBN, (CUMET OMS cots sscccs beacosusccasecnose see 25 
258-263-273-278-281-289-244-Anv rare Quail or Tarantulasmnvountedhin iB Ox... 8-2 ees 1 50 
Grous®, 305-310:315- ny Hawks or Owls (except IBV evelke Sp weiaglsials 2 ee yeeaasooadesacae SEA Mas amy aan (0) 
333)-394-402 409-416 417-420-423-Any Hummer. 452- Quartz Crystal ........ 20) - 
457-458-462-464 to 457-476-Anyv Jays except 477 & Chiastolite Crystal . 2) 
477a -486-488 a-489-494-194a, -495-496- 97-501-50 La -505- 50 varieties of minerals 3 00 
509-510-51 1a-513-517 531-538-539-542a-5 16 -559 -549--5d52- IMO Seah (Wire olanial ooo aE aco 5) eB: 
552a,5)4-554.a-554.b-558-563-567-573-581 D-581 0-581 e-587- OSSIMBEZ Olive © Olidleeege seas poe eee eee 25 
587a-F88a-588b-59 1 -94-595-596-598-599 601-604-608-610- Fossil Fish Eggs in vapeur 15. 
614 616-619-6220-624 628-631-Any desirable War- Alllgator tooth . Butt 20: 
blers. positively identified -674-687 -681-697-700-T01- 100 var. Foreigu Stamps... 30: 
poe al ea OMe US ae ies el -733 - 135 -751- 1000 Mixed Stn LIB) Sewers aes sey SRL Ao te eae 1 2% 
755-758a-759b-763-767-768, Mougolian Pheasant at 3 
20¢ each. Snake at 10c, Alligator at 2dc- < See Ser LS. 5 

4 3 ul Smlake =e acn©Owateyieea ees eae eee ee eee 1d 

T will accept any species not mentioned above Money Cowrv wi ees 15. 
at %rates. Standard catalogue prices must be Indian Wampum Slewenir asics ale re tay gc en RUAN al Bs 10 
used asa basis. All eggs must be strictly first- Gnawed Cowry eS Ay eet NES Oe WT et es 
class in every particular, and if not in this con- Liv CG Wie ae i ae eI SY ne ae ees 
dition. I will take five times the actual cost of AGIAaKeY IMRURTON i 30 
return postage to pay for trouble, and return Olive or Key ARGU te ee ee ey a 15 
balance. y Asapis tilearalis: 

In return for the above. I offer any of the fol- PGavini iShie ll pelea pantie ues n Mueecen, Ua el 05 
lowing articles, specimens or supplies at the Rotellas 0. ccc ee es 0D 
prices quoted. Japanese Eburna ... 2 
No. 1. 8-100 Egs CUTER eee eee ee AN $ 10 IN OWA, SCBWNOD ccscresessosesesdedouce Ladeubesste6s6 oss 15. 
INJOG 26. TESTI aN Te iat iets ee ae Aaa ae eee eae 10 
INI@s Be epi) BY 15 
No. 4. 18-100 *‘ 17 Wood Ibis 
No. 5. 21-100 25) White Ibis 
INT CILCVECPBTOW DID Ch sies 25 sue a coe a 25 Noddy Tern 
Imperfect OMIT Cie sess eee 10 Sony UNeremN se 

300d Nickled Plated Embryo Hook........ ... 30 Biuidlicd; Merny: ewes 
Glass Eyes, No. 10 Flint, per pal RIAN ce eels 10 Hale Orme eee 

NOs aauae a 15 Chachalaca . 

No. 22) ** 35 White crown ‘Pigeon _ 

No. 26 50 Mex. crested Flycatcher 
100 Data Blanks, assorted 35 MED: NS} (SO aI RON (ead sain uae uee me Un a 
2s) Cine @lbcihayer Tasers ea ee ai CS Cae aa ae I 7  Grey-tail Cardinal 
Standard Catalogue - oa aE Twa E() Sharpe’s Seedeater__. 
Brown Banded Sea Bean.. Pea Maan Dealt 10 Sennett's Thrasher 
Red or Gray Soa Bean -....-..-...2.... Bees 2 Os) > oeronayer, ARIANA, oe an Sa ol ee 
PN COEMMS AGMA Cl Ose se eaerte eens nc Ee 15 JDO, JENA ong) a obs a sp pace sotanneeeasnec 
Smalls tachishe. sa... ot legates enn asnanene IOI sey HATER ca ea DLs MORE le oe De 
Large Calif. Urchin rare 1.00 JNraoS rez Wa (OPOMREN Sao veecessecscosoe-on cebdecocueesseee 
Sea Horse, slightly pepe tee 25 CTOOPETIS i El alwys See OUI BUEN Aa eaeeea ea 
Sikateph cost iee pee aia (ei CRN se Sot) Little Blue Heron............. 
Mansa Po eecn meus ieee nh eno 15 Leaches Petrel............... 


Hammerhead Shark ege SOOM Os hebe Dr a ae 30) Amer. Herring Gull 
Sein aS, Sein (2xXoVovol sees Seas haan cee eesea asses 50 CalniesMiurnre =. 


THIS OFFER HOLDS GOOD UNTIL SEPT. 15th, 


At which time shonld I see fit to extend, or make a similar one, many of the 
more desirable curios., eggs, etc., will positively be withdrawn, as my stock will 
not warrant a continuance of the offer. 

As perhaps a great many of the readers of the O6LoaIstT, will remember, dur- 

92 I issued monthly Bulletins of Eggs. During 93, owing to my presence at 
he World’s Fair, they were discontinued, but as I now have a large surplus of 
many desirable species, I shall on Aug. 1st, issue a new bulletin of Birds eg ges, in 
sets and singles. All desiring to purchase eggs, send stamp for copy of same. IT 
trust.I may be favored in the future with the liberal share of your patronage, that 
I have in the past. 


WALTER F. WEBB, Albion, N. Y. 
The Old Stand of F. H. Lattin & Co. 


270 


New Standard Catalogue 


OF 
North /\merican Birds Frogs 


COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 


Assisted by Capt. Chas. EH. Bendire, 
J. Parker Norris, Esq., ond 
the late Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. O. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O, 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species, over one 
hundred of which never appeared on any print- 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given, and 
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over 
trom 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

Price 35 cents per copy. 3 copies for $1.00. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y. 


TAXIDERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons 


Pistols, Gun Cases. Shooting Shot Shells; also 


Shot Car- SPECIMEN HUNTERS, 


tridges for 

All kinds. all prices from $1.99 to $25.00. List 

free. Write for Taxidermist’s free list. 
JAMES H. JOHNSTON, 


PITTSBURG, PA. 


Promptly secured. — 
and Labels registere 
perience, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Davie's Nests and Eggs 


(030 ———> 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M. D. 
and W. Otto Emerson, 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and‘ Eggs 
of the Land and Water Birds of North America, 
which includes all the species known to exist— 
those that occur orare indigenous north of the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. 

“The breeding range of each species ls given, 
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs 
laid, their color and size together with the chief 
characteristics of the bird. 

The arrangement of the work is according to 
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and 
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) 
as used in tormer editions, are placed to the 
right of each species. Throughout the text all 
the common names of the birds are to be found, 
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is 
given, 

An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi- 
cation of specimens to all those collecting in the 

eld, 

The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page 
illustrations. 

Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 


BIRDS BGGS* 
CURIOS. 


IP | Ke 

fice enti MA 
CHAS.K.REED, Dk aN 
nSt. WORCESTER .MASS.8" 


Fair and Resort Goods. 


Parties desiring to make an exhibit at their County Fairs or Resorts should 
consult my prices before buying elsewhere. 

I have one of the largest stocks in this country—of Shells, Shell Boxes, Spar 
Jewelry, also Agate and Sea Bean Jewelry, Fine Polished Agate Goods, Curios 
both Land and Marine, and Corals of all kinds; and can put you up a good as- 
sortment for a Fair or Resort at from $25.00 to any amount you care to invest. 
Write at once if you wish to make an exhibit. 

I have a surplus of over $5,000 worth of these goods in my stores at 
Chautauqua, and in storage at Albion, and must close them out regardless of 


value during the next 90 Days. 


Small orders under $10 are not solicited, but if 


you have that amount, or over, to invest it will pay you to send me your list of 


wants, for prices. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 


« 


THE OOLOGIST 271 


Birds of Ontario 


Being a concise account of every species of Bird known to have been found in Ontario, with a 


DESCRIPTION OF THEIR NESTS AND EGGS 


And instructions for Collecting Birds and Preparing and Preserving Skins, also directions how to 
form a Collection of Eggs. 


BY THOMAS McILWRAITH 


(Member of American Ornithologists’ Union.) 
2d Edition, Enlarged and Revised to Date, with Illustrations by ERNEST E. THOMPSON and others. 


CLOTH, 424 PAGES - - $2.00. 


To this new and revised edition of his excellent work on the birds of this Province, Mr. MclIl- 
Wraith has brought the fuil knowledge of a life study, the accuracy of the thorough scientist, and 
the taste and polish of a finished writer, while his pages glow with an enthusiasm the reader is 
Sure to find infectious. The book is printed in new, Clear type, on paper of good quality, and put 
in handsome and substantial extra English cloth covers. Canadian readers will be interested to 
know that a large number of the beautlful illustrations with which the book is embellished are 
the work of Mr. Ernest EH. Thompson of Toronto, whose reputation as a painter of birds is not 
surpassed, we believe, by that of any other living artist. 


COMMENTS. 


Referring to the new Canadian Ornithology: ‘‘Decidedly the best we have is this work of a 
veteran observer (Thos. McIlwraith). It places Canadian ornithology more nearly au courant 
with the progress of the science in other parts of America, and easily advances the author to the 
first place in his own field.”,-—Dr. Elliot Coues, in the “Auk.” 

‘For many years Mr. Mcilwraith has been the acknowledged and official head of ornithology in 
Ontario, and his name attached to any work is sufficient guarantee of merit; for since the days of 
Gosse I believe there has been no Canadian naturalist who more happily combined accurate 
knowledge with a felicitous manner of expressing it. When Mr. Mc Ilwraith’s first edition ap- 
peared it was practically out of print within a few months of its publication, and the number of 
enquiries during the last year or two show that a similiar. reception awaits this, for the work is 
undoubtedly the best extant on the birds of Ontario.”.—Ernest E, Thompson, Naturalist to 
the Manitoba Government. Sent prepaid upon receipt of price $2.00. Address all orders to 


FRANK H.LATTIN, 


Publisher of THE OOLGIST. ALBION, NEW YORK. 


MHAGARA EA ILI.S. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootogisr visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe w steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—and cc7upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGes in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well known fact the 
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarrers for 
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SpecIMEN, Novetty or Souvenir line pertain- 
ing to Niagara. 


cis) 
=~} 
(is) 


THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR GUNS-REVOLVERS-RIFLES 
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FOR ALL METALS. 


It prevents pits in Shot Gun and Rifle Barrels. It keeps metals 
bright and free from tarnish and preserves their finish for years. 
Ffleat or Cold does not affect tts consistency. 


IT NEVER GUMS OR DRIPS, 


an advantage not possessed by any other lubricant in the world. 


An indispensible article for all kinds of Fire Arms, Fine Machinery, Gun Locks, 
Bicycles, Camp Kits, Odlogists’ Instruments, Taxidermists’ Instr uments, Natur- 
alists’ Instr uments, Surgical Instruments, Embalming Instruments, Cutlery, 
Brass Work on Yachts, Copper and Stee! Plate, &e. In all respects the very best 
preparation for any metalic surfaces where a non-gumming lubricant and rust 
preventive are required. 


SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 1b.can 
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 1b. can 75c. and 5 Ib. can $3.00. 


Beware of imitations said to be “‘just as good.”’ 


Gunoleum is for sale in nearly all the priaciple cities in the United States. The 
following parties buy in quantities and can supply the trade. 


Henry C. Squire & Son, New York. Ferdinand & Co., Boston, Mass. 
A. G. Spaulding & Bros., New York, Chicago Horn & Paine, Eugene, Oregon. 

and Philadelphia. Bibbins & Sherman, Syr acuse. N. Y. 
R. Liddle & Co., San Francisco, Cal. Wm. Prettie & Co., 
Edw, K. Tyron, Jr. & Co., Philadelphia. Jno P. Lovell Arms Co., Boston, mane 
Jno. T. Bailey & Co., E. H. Keller & Co., Sheybogan, Wis. 
Wm. H. Schleigh, Baltimore, Md. Messrs Spary & Co., Middleboro. Mass. 
R. H. Jewell & Co., Los Angeles, Cal. Jno. P. Dannefelser, New York City. 
Wm. Read & Sons, Boston, , Mass. Jno. Krieder, Philadelphia, 
A. D. Wilkinson, W. Scott Boyenton, Newport News, Va. 


If your dealer does not have Gunoleum, send 25¢c in stamps for large collapsible 
tube by return mail. Address all communications to 


THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO., 
BAY SHORE, L. L, N. Y., U. S. A. 


* Vos : 
EAR eA eI RAIeAIRIeD 2 1) a SRT EDEA gegen” é 
EN. oe é 
— EN« 2 
HE» QOLOGISY. < 
~ Zi i H G lo Meee, 
= a ee, 
Roe fa _ 
Ce Oe re praia th TERRA Ra earn TESA ES OM @ ONT CWO Ealesalesalenalealenipey S 
Se, a7 faa Eay eae Say eeay exayesa ez) } aletera ane O AN 
NEA ? ‘ ek 
NS Monthiy. ( PY 50c¢ Ber Year. 


VOL. XI. NO. 9. 


ALBION, N. Y., SEP., 1894. 


WHOLE No. 107 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, “Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50¢ per 35 words. Notices over 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each 
Terms, cash with order. 


additiona! 


“<DBALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-halt list rates. 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and “Hxchanges’’ only 


and according te conditions stated thereon. 


TO TRADE.—Students’ microscope (40 dia) 
dissecting set, small pocket rifie (22 cal.), pic- 
calo (13 keyed), old Italian derringer. eggs in 
sets. Wanted, a clarionet. W. E. WELLS, 
Granville, Ohio. 


FOR EXCHANGEH.—Fifty varieties of Cali- 
fornia eges in sets for sets of water birds only, 
also eggs for stamps. O. W. HOWARD, 853 S. 
Olive St., Los Angeles, Cal. 


FOR SALE.- Coalin three different stages 
of formation found in the anthracite coal re- 
gions fors0 cents. Will exchange for minerals, 
Indian relics or birds eggs. FRANK. EDGAR, 
1307 Wyoming Ave., Scranton, Pa. 


EXCHANGE.—Kerr & Perham egg tools. 
Stamps and eggs to exchange for eggs or skins. 
Send list and get ours. KERR & PERHAM, 
Sandwich, Il. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A fine collection of 400 
postage stamps and a few eggs to exchange for 
eggs notin my collection. FRED McALLIS- 
TER, Davison, Mich. 


RARE SINGLES wanted priced at $2.00 or 
over for which J offer rare sets with data even 
pares Address WALTER FE. WEBB, Albion, 


FOR ONLY 50 cents. $500 Confederate Mon- 
ey (assorted), $00 Confederate Bond. and 6 rare 
Arrow Paints. Catalogue 3cents. J. F. BOW- 
EN, Iuka, Miss, s3t 


Please find enclosed 34 cents for a copy: of 
“Standard Catalogue.” J have received so many 
answers to my ad.in July OoLoatsy that I need 
GEER Tg quick, C. EF. STONE, Branchport, 


I REQUIRE more room in my cabinets, so 
wish to clear out the following single eggs at 
these low prices: Golden Eagle 3.50, Gray Sea 
Eagle 1.00, Pigeon Hawk 1.00, Mississippi Kite 
1.50. Sharp-Shinned Hawk 50, American Gos- 
hawk 1.00, Swainson’s Hawk 30. Merlin 25, Bur- 
opean Buzzard 18, Duck Hawk 1.25, and many 
others, send for my full list of Cheap single 
eggs. W. RAINE, Bleeker St., Toronto, Can. 


letters. 


OOLOGISTS Attention.—Send your exchange 
list of eggs, etc. tome and receive same, 1-5-10 
answers get nice present free. G. N, UPHAM, 
Coffeyville, Kansas, 


CLIMBERS.-— Pair regular 
ready for use. for best offer 1st class sets with 
data. HARRY B, SARGENT, 366 W. 116 2d St. 
New York. 4 


FOR SALE.—Best offer before Sept 15th. 1 
set cancelled Columbian stamps complete, 1 set 
uncancelled Columbian stamps complete, one 
£5 English, £1 English green and one £1 Eng- 
iish brown, caucelled stamps. Address R. 
SANFORD, Hastings-on-Hudson, N. Y. 


PAPIER MACHE-Needed by all taxidermists 
and naturalists. Fresh made 20c 1b; 8 1bs, 1.50; 
20 lbs 3.00. Virgin Cork Bark for rock work, all 
sized pieces same price. Address, WALTER 
F. WEBB, Albion, N. Y. 


WANTED.—October WNidiologist; OOLOGIST 
vol, 1to7; 0. and O. vol. 1 to 8; vol. Awk; inser- 
tion barrel. Have sets and skins, complete 
cae ROGERS P. GILLESPIE, Starkville, 

iss. 


WANTHD:—For cash or exchange choice 
sets of Pigeon Hawk. Gyrfalcon, Rough-legged 
Hawk, Ravens, Amer. Bittern or other rare 
sets of Hawks and Owls. Lowest price and 
particulars wanted. W. B. JUDSON, 53 E1l- 
dorado St., Pasadena, Cal. 


A BARGAIN.—1 Bluegray Gnatcatcher’s 
nest, 2 sets of first class eggs, 1 arrowhead, 1 
minie ball, 1 packet of novelties, 10 rare curios. 
200 varieties of stamps and a skin of Red-wing 
orYellow-headedBlackbird as preferred for only 
2c. Guaranteed to please. HENRY BEAU- 
MONT, JR.. Carlsbad, Tenn. 


The article on the ‘“‘Brown Pelican’’ in the 
OoLoGistT several months since has brought me 
a flood of letters, both as to exchanges and in- 
quiries. Had my article been in the nature of 
an ad. I shoud have been highly gratified. As 
itis, never making exchanges, I must beg of 
you to make an announcement through your 
paper to this effect, for I cannot answer all the 
Morris Gibbs, Kalamazoo, Mick. 


style, strapped — 


"274 


FOR EXCHANGE:—AI1 sets of 5la, 70, 106, 
263, 622a, 710, ete. Many common sets with 
nests wanted. ORA WILLIS KNIGHT, No. 
157 Hammond St.. Bangor, Maine. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Set of 15 volumes of Am- 
ericana Encyclopedia, but llttle used: size ef 
books 9x6%x¥; for best offer. Eggs in sets or 
ornithological literature. Coues’ Key wanted. 
S. W. HARRIS, Reading Ave., Hillsdale, Mich. 


_ ILWILL GIVE A. O. U. No’s 325. 488, 216, 477, 
546, setS with data, or Vol, 1 YOUNG OOLOGIST 
and Vol. VIII Oonocist. JACOB BASTIAN, 
JR., Statesville, N. C. 


TO EXCHANGE.—An Alto Horn, cost $14, 
nearly new, for a Winchester or Stevens rifle in 
good condition. AddressFRANK 'N.WRIGHT, 
Virden, Il. 


ANY PERSON sending me $1 worth of strict- 
ly first class sets with data or 60c. cash will re- 
ceive post free $1.50 worth of curios, stamps, 
skins, etc. "GEO. D. FRENCH, Ivoryton.Conn. 


WANTED At Once-—Strictly first-class sets 
with data in any quantity of A.O.U. 7, 12, 58, 
80, 1389, 141, 147, 160, 194, 204-5-6, 208, 211, 224, 228, 
~ 230, 258, 278, 280, 292 295, 297a, 305, 310, 315, 327 ,328, 
329, 334, 339a. 342, 343, 347a, 549, 352, 355, 356, 357, 
365, 366, 367, 368, 372, 375, 377a, 379. 3880, 381. For 
above will pay cash or A 1 exchange. Write 
stating quantity you have and I will make offer 
in cash or exchange. WALTER F. WEBB, 
Albion, N. Y. 


FOR SALE.—Bb Tenor Trombone and case, 
its cost was $22. has been used one season, in 
Al condition. It goes for the best cash offer. 
All Teuuers answered. FEF. EH. PICKENS, Wil- 
ton, Me. Y 


EXCHANGE,—First class sets of California 
EKggs for a copy Coues’ Key and sets of other 
localities. Send list, receive mine. Common 
eges also wanted. CARROLL SCOTT, 463 
Fifth St., San Diego, Calif. 


WANTED.-Sets of Meadowlark. Flicker, 
Belted Kingfisher. Purple Martin. Cedarbird, 
Sparrowhawk. Great Horned and Screech 
Owls. I also want sets of 7, 12, 29, 63. 64. 77, 80, 
106. 118, 126, 127, 131, 140, 141, 144, 160, 184, 190, 204, 
206, 214, 218, 228, 263, 273, 286, 289, 294, 294a, 295, 
300, 315, 325, 326, 332, 337, 339, 841, 352, 349, 362, 364, 
368, 387, 388, 393, 394. 406, 416, 417, 418, 419, 498, 452, 
474b, 494. 517, 567, 601, 614, 622a, 624, any Warbler 
(except 652). 713, 715, 727. and many others, for 
which | can give rare eggs from North West 
Canada, Iceland and Lapland, also for ex- 
change 100 eggs of White-faced Glossy Ibis in 
sets for common species, send your listsof du- 
plicates to W. RAINE, Bleeker st., Toronto, 
Canada. 


FIFTY Illustrations isthe Vidiologist’s record 
for the year just ended. When you Consider 
that almost all of these are half tones, from 
photographs of birds, nests and eggs, you can 
imagine the value given for only $1 per year. 
The August number contains: ‘-Photograph- 
ing an Owl,” (illus) by Dr. R. W. Shufeldt;‘t Do 
Wading Birds Swim?” by William Palmer, 
Smithsonian Institution; ‘‘Nesting of the Ashy 
Pevrel on the Farallone” (8 illus) by C. Barlow: 
“Mimicry of the Woodcock” (illus) by L. Whif- 
ney, Watkins: ‘‘What Constitutes a set of 
Eggs; “Concerning the Price on Certain 
Eggs,” etc., etc. Remember a free exchange 
notice now to subseribers. No free copies. 
Sample 10c. H. R. TAYLOR. Editor and Pub- 
lisher, Alameda, Cal. New York office, ROSS 
TAYLOR, 150 Fifth Ave. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


TO EXCHANGE.—I will give 20 foreign 
stamps all different for every perfect arrow 
head, with locality given, sentme. HERBERT 
DAY, Mt. Vernon, Iowa. 


TO EXCHANGE.—About 5 or $6 worth of 
Southern Calif. eggs in sets and singles for 
collecting pistol or good pair climbing irons. 
Write for list. A. L. LAPHAM, 120 W. 16th 
St., Los Angeles, Cal. 


TANNING LIQUOR.—New stock. Qt. bot- 
tles, 1.00; in 5 gallon jugs at lower rates. Glass 
eyes all styles and sizes at lowest rates obtain- 
able. Send for list. WALTER F. WEBB, Al- 
bion, N. Y. 


NUMBERS WANTED.—I want back num- 
bers Widiologist. 1, 2. 3 4 and 6. For all of 
these I will give a year’s subscription, for first 
four, ten months; for any two of above. five 
months’ subscription. Send carefully wrapped, 
to H. R. TAYLOR, Editor WNidiologist, Ala- 
meda, Calif. 


RARE EGGS:—I have just received a ship- 
ment of desirable sets of Texan eggs, a few 
with female parent skin, fully identified. also a 
few Common sets which I will close out at 14 
“Standard” list prices. First $2.00 gets a fine 
American Crow skin free. First 55.00 order, 
American Bittern. Satisfaction guaranteed. 
List for stamp. B.S. BOWDISH, Phelps.N.Y. 


COLUMBIAN Stamps.—I offer anything TI 
may have in stock as per catalogue for unused 
Columbian Stamps of over 10c denomination. 
Send by registered mail. I can also use any 
rare stamps listed by Scott at 1.00 or over in 
exchange. Address, WALTER FEF. WEBB, AI- 
bion, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A fine collection of eight 
hundred Foreign Stamps valued at from one to 
fifty cents each for best offer in specimens or 
supplies. FRED P. DRONE, 20 Benefit St., 
Providence, R. I. 


NOTICE.—I have two Tax Receipts dated 
1803 and 18 2. Also bill of sale of a negro poy 
dated 1861, will exchange for eggs or Skins. F. 
R. NOBLE, South N. Drug Store, Nashyille. 
Tenn. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Several hundred finely 
mounted birds, rare skins from Arizona and 
Lower California and afew rare sets of eggs. 
Would like skins and eggs in return. Send me 
a list of what you have to offer. Cash paid for 
skins and’eggs. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taun- 
ton, Mass. 


MOUNTED BIRDS.—Nine western species 
at less than valug of skims. 50 cents buysa 
mounted bird on a nice varnished stand. See 
ad. In this number. F. T. CORLESS, Los 
Gatos, Calif. 


WANTED.—Coues’ Key, Ridgeway’s Manual, 
Field glass, traps publications on hunting in 
the Northwest, eggs and skins. Can offer 36 
numbers of Our Living World (cost $9), also 
eggs, Skins. mounted birds, etc. Also a few 
Well trained ferrets for sale. NATHAN L. 
DAVIS, Box 224, Brockport, N. Y. 


FOR 30 DAYS ONLY.—The following offer 
holds good until 30 days after the date of this 
advertisement. For the sum of $2 I will send 
the following sets of Birds eggs. Nos. 12, 18. 
22, 27, 53, 60, 123, 135, 164, 211, 242. 304, 312, 378. 
Eggs sent by eXpress securely packed. Haye 
other eggs for sale very cheap. Send for list. 
W.L. FOXHALL, Tarboro, N. O. 


THE OOLOGIST. 275 


WANTED.—A quantity of first-class skins of 
Game birds, will offer for same fine rare sets or 
‘possibly cash. KIRKE B. MATHES, Albion, 
N.Y. 


WANTED AT ONC!).—‘ Big Beetles, Small 
‘Crabs and Crawfish” in quantities of 100 or over 
—Must be well dried and prepared and at low 
rates. either in cash or exchange. FRANK H. 
LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


WANTED. U.S. postage stamps except le 
and 2c 1890 and 2c 1893. Will give in exchange 
eges in sets, foreign stamps, etc. GEO 
DEAN, Wick, Ohio. 


I HAVE some fine sets of common birds eggs 
which I will exchange for Stevens rifie in good 
‘condition, or second hand bicycle cushion tires, 
W. L. HART, 116 Lincoln Ave., Canton, Ohio. 


WANTED. A good make of bicycle. pneu- 
Matic tires and in fine condition. I can offer 
for same rare and desirable sets or singles, a 
small amount of cash, books, ete. I will give 
-cash or eggs for Coues’ Key latest’edition. Ad- 
‘dress, H. SAYLES, JR., Alibene, Texas. 


STAMPS .—Great bargains this month in my 
packets. No. 10 contains 25 used and unused 
very fine price 52c; No. 50, 15 unused 25c; 200 as- 
sorted 12c. Approval sheets @ specialty. Net 
prices but lowest discount rates, contains only 
‘clean, brigbt, desirable stamps. H. M. GIL- 
LET, Lebanon Springs, N. Y. 


RARE EGGS IN SETS.—Since the last issue 
‘of the OoLOGIST [I have added many choice sets 
to my already large stock. 1can now offer to 
advanced Collectors many of our most showy 
N. A. species in selected series designed to 
show all variations. Some of the ‘‘New Ar- 
rivals” are full sets with data of Western, 
Holbeells. Horned & Amer, Eared Grebe, Loons, 
Puffins, al] obtainoble Terns, ditto Gulls, a 
‘Choice series of Ducks and Geese with the orig- 
inal nests of down, White Ibis. Wood Ibis, 
and White-faced Glossy, Amer. and Least Bit- 
‘terns. All Herons and Pelicans, Flamingos, 
Rails, Coots, Phalaropes. Some Rare Sand- 
piper, Plovers and Grouse, rare Doves, Hawks, 
‘Owls, Eagles and Ravens. Also Hummers. 
My series of Southern and far north eggs are 
unequalled. All of above and hundreds of 
others will be priced low in my September bul- 
lentin NOW OUT. Send stamp for it at once. 
Address, WALTER F. WEBB, Albion, N. Y. 


FOR SALE.—My large collection of first-class 
‘Singles with data for sale at 60 per cent. off 
Standard Catalogue rates. List below. As I 
have only one singie of most of the species, 
please order soon. Send list of those you de- 
sire to purchase and all the eggs you want, 
that have not already been sold, I will send you 
on approval. List A.O. U. Nos. 5, 6, 13a, 80, 
182, 184, 191, 192. 293, 289, 289b, 293, 316, 318, 319, 
320a, 326, 325, 329, 333, 334a, 337, 337a, 339, 840, 345, 
346, 348, 360, 362, 368, 369, 365, 374, 375a, 378, 385, 
386, 387a, 390, 391. 393, 393b, 406, 410. 412, 414, 420a, 
421, 480, 448, 446, 452, 453, 477, 486, 489, 495, 495a, 
501, 501a, 503, 504, 506, 508, 513, 552. 55%a, 560, 56Va, 
570, 574a, 576, 581, 586, 587, 591b. 593, 593a, 594, 610, 
610a, 611, 619, 622a ,622b, 624, 627. 629a, 643, 648, 
6d2, 657, 659, 663, 687, 702, 703, 704, 705, 706, 717a, 
721. 722a, 725. 725a, 735, 761, 761a, 755 768. Hggs 
‘Sent postpaid when order amounts to 1.00 or 
more. I Wwillexchange any of the above sin- 
gles also a few sets for a self-inking excelsior 
‘printing press. Chase not less 44% by 7%, also 
Tegular printing type. all kinds of printing 
material, a good collection of foreign and U.S. 
stamps, egg "and skin cabinet. All answered. 
Address, H. SAYLES, JR., Abilene, Texas. 


SALE! Sale! Sale! My collection of eggs 
in sets with data. It goes cheap to the first 
. LOUCKS, 


party meaning business. W. 
eoria, Ills. 


PETRIFIED Moss.—Fine specimens 10, 15 
and 25c. Petrified leaves, specimens 10, 20 and 
30c. ARTHUR B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, 
Medina Co., Ohio. 


My ‘‘For Sale’? notice in the August OOLO- 
Gist has doubled its cost many times in returns 
therefore I am highly pleased. F.C. Elliot, 


‘ Tafiahassee, Fla. 


WILL GIVE liberal ex. in foreigh Coleop- 
tera and Lepidoptera named for Coleoptera of 
the South named orunnamed. R. J. WEITH, 
Elkhart, Ind. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Eggs in sets and singites 
for first class sets, egg calipers or copy of 
Davie’s Key cloth bound. CLARK B. IJAMS, 
Cheyenne, Wyo. 


WANTED.—A guitar. Will give good ex- 
change in birds eggs, books and papers, shad- 
ing pens and inks and other articles. Send for 
lists, and describe instrument. E. J. BOTS- 
FORD, Medina, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Ist class eggs in sets and 
singles of this locality for same of fothers, 
Many common eggs wanted. C. G. COMHGYS, 
Gainesville, Tex, 


BARGAINS !—Parties desiring special bar- 
gains in eggs, skins, minerals, Indian relics, 
insects, books, etc., will do well to send stamp 
for my bargain lists. B.S. BOWDISH,Phelps, 
N. Y. ‘ 


WONDEREFUL!—For every 2 used Colum- 
bian stamps sent me, any kind, I will send in 
return a beautiful moonstone in its natural 
state. Persons sending less than 50 stamps 
please enclose a 2c. stamp, unused. C. M. 
HATFIELD, Los Angeles, Cal. 


FOR SALE,—An Ithaca double barreled shot 
gun and one Lovell Diamond Safety ’93 model. 
Write for particulars. BERYL HODGE, Ster- 
ling, Kans. 


I HAVE a 22 cal. Colt’s repeating rifle, 1 set 
of surgeons instruments valued at $25 also two 
bird dogs 8 weeks old and 1 pair white ferrets 
to exchange for North “American birds eggs. 
The other ady. of G. A, Smith’s brought about 
50 answers which were very Satisfactory. W. 
EF. WEISMORE, Oakfield House, Oakfield,N.Y. 


TO EXCHANGE following in quantity for 
quality. 250 first class eggs in-sets for same 
notin my collection. J want Murre, Sea Birds, 
Hawks, Owls, ete. Send list. JOHN HAMIL- 
TON, Box 112, Petersburg, Ill. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—My entire col- 
lection of Singles, with very tull data. Would 
like sets or books on science, especially ornith- 
ology. All answered. FRED W. PARK- 
HURST. Bath, N. Y. 


FINELY prepared California sets with com- 
plete data to exchange for desirable sets of 
HFastern eggs, water birds preferred. I have 
the following to offer: 385 1-4, 431 n-1, 462 n-3, 
466 1-4, 476 1-7, 499 n-3 n-4 2-3 2-4, 510 1-4 2-5, 519 1-4 
2-5, 5380 n-4 2-4 1-5, 581d 1-3, 591b n-3 2-3 2-4, 599 2n-3 
n-4, 612 2-4, 620 n-2, 652 n-3, 738a 1-6, 758 1-3 1-4." All 
nests subject to recently adopted list of Cooper 
Orn. Club. Also singles of Farallone Cormor- 
ant. Send lists at once. C. BARLOW, Box 
135, Santa Clara, Calif. 


276 


WANTED.—Ridgeway’s Manual, and Nom- 
enclature of Colors. Maynard’s Eggs of North 
American Birds, also strictly first class bird 
skins. Will give in exchange first-class eggs 
in sets with data. D.A. ATKINSON, Box 44, 
Wilkinsburg, Penna. 


JUST returned from collecting trip in North 
Dakota. Have sets of Canvas-back, Ruddy, 
Pintail, Redhead, Gadwall, Shoveller, Ameri- 
can Goldeneye, B. W. Teal. Western Grebe, 
Rails, Terns, ete. Send stamps for list of 
either Skins or eggs. Can use Coues’ Key in 
exchange, EDWIN S. BRYANT, Davis6n, 
Mich. 


FOR SALE at half price or Exchange.—Clean 
and carefully prepared sets of California 
Murre, Laughing Gull, Gull-billed Tern, Cabots 
Tern, Forsters Tern. Common Tern. Black 
Skimmer. Florida Cormorant, Brown Pelican, 
Great Blue Heron, Green Heron, Black-crowned 
N. Heron, Limpkin. Clapper Rail. Wilson’s 
Plover, Chestnut-bellied Scaled Partridge. 
Chachalaca, White-winged Dove, Mexican 
Ground Dove, Western. Nighthawk, Texan 
Nighthawk, Fish Crow, Red-winged Blackbind, 
Seaside Sparrow, Texas Sparrow, Cardinal. 
Sharpe’s Seed-eater, Barn Swallow, Red-eyed 
Vireo, Yellow Warbler, Yellow-breasted Chat, 
Catbird, Brown Thrasher, Curve-billed Thrash- 
er.. Long-billed Marsh Wren. S. ROZYCKI, 
2017 G. St., N. W., Washington, D. C.a 


A BARGAIN in Mounted Specimens! All 
specimens are strictly first-class, finely mount- 
ed on oil-finished pedestals. 


BIRDS. 


Baid a ee es ea eee Sith uke kes eee $10 00 
* black plumage 
IND ANA Ay SG | bse oa-ceoeuoseteeoeneornes 
Red-breasted Mergansev...... 
Wood Duck 


Gt. Horned Owl ... 
IB Warneval Ohrid beg ee RS ee eae he eens 
White-winged Scoter.. 
MOVE ICH ky pak oe ae ee 
Red-bellied Woodpecker 
HORS Parmer Oye Seok ee ee ee ee 
Brown Thrasher 


Pinte WD ucla (cage) umn one one oh 
American Bittern (im case).........-----:.2. .<--: a 
: Scaup Duck (in case)....... Nii 


MAMMALS. 


(EUV Viet AO Kee se bs ea Se coat ae ea q 
1S¥2i) ayeyonal A ei er gaa 

Sooty Managbey 
TRIBYORSSTC (On oe ee eee ea eee eereedl Meceeceoe 
Red Bat (wings spr: ead) 
Brown Bat ‘ 

Head of Virginia Deer 
Shrew. male. 


AMBP RHWWWHEOMH OD 
) (=>) 
oC 


Fox Rug, with finely mounted head, 
mauth open it?s complete --:-..-2:---2-.--22-- 12 00 
RIACCOOTIAR UP ee ee i ole gaa 10 00 


: MOUNTED SKELETONS. 
Mink . 

Parrot ones 
Sereech Owl. 


SEROUS Abs Soret weete | tn Ss wes UNS I oi 
TYR O GN Senki is oboe eh le 

Red | SN CHIME OT) Bet wee ad! eee a ce ac sca non suay taes 3 25 
Skull of Boa Constrictor. Betis Pao EEN tl en 1 75 


Bird Skins. Mounted Birds, Mammals, Rep- 
tiles. etc. I make a specialty of jine custom 
work in taxidermy. Send for price Lists. Raw 
Furs bought in season. GEO. F. GUELF, 
Practical Taxidermist, Brockport, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Exchange Extraordinary. 


AS many collectors have now only returped 
from there summer vacation and have not had 
time to pack and send the eggs they desire to 
exchange 


I extend the offer contained 


in August OOLOGIST until Oct Ist. My special- 
ty is 


Eggs in sets with full and 
careful data, small holes, etc., 


all such sent me I will allow 10 per cent above 
Standard Catalogue Rates. I need at once sets 
or singles any quantity 725, 718, Rare Warblers, 
624, 598, 616, 622, G01, 610, 605, 597, 587, 567, 549, 550, 
604, 624, 627, 622b, 587a, 581d, 567, 5d4b, 552a, 546, 
542a, 531, 580, 517, 513. 5lla, 510, 497, 494, 489, 488a, 
485, 484, 479, 476, 474c, 466, 457-8, 447, any Hum- 
mers and Nests, 416, 417, 418, 418, 409, 408, 405. 
402, 398, 378, 375, 373, 372, 368, 367, 366, eae ey) 845, 
342, 339, 339a, 337, 837, 332, 331. 329. 328. 327, 319, 
305, 300, 297a, 295, 294, 289, 261, 258, 228, "204, 215, 
214. 212, 211, 208, 206, 205, 204, 197. 194, any Ducks, 
ae €0, 74, 77, 69, “0171, 59, 58; 32; 27) 29) 16, 12, 4s 
il, 

Send on any or all that are first-class. Where 
parties offer their entire seasons take in sets I 
will make a good offer in desirable Southern 
eggs and others. Address, 


WALTER F. WEBB, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


THE NAUTILUS. 

A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con- 
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pils- 
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W. 
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia, 
Pa. Send for sample copy. 


Revolvers, 
a Rift 


fs Send stamp == " 
for Price List. GanWorks, Pittsburgh Pe 


S E | N E NETS, TENTS, and g 


SPORTING GOODS. 
Every RR, of Guns, R2volvers, Ammu- 
nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric- 
es. We have somethivg of interest to you. 


pate 


\i AID) Something new 
Full particulars. One man 


AGENTS * made $27.40 in one day. One 


lady made $8 in one day. 
Address Lock Box 113 A. B. P. CO., South Bend 
Indiana. Mention OoroGist. 


FRANK B. ARMSTRONG, 
TAXIDERMIST, 


AND COLLECTOR AND DEALER IN 


Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Eggs 


in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds 
and Animals. 
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A. 


When answering advertisements: 
always mention the ‘OOLOGIST.” 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. NO. 9. ALBION, N 


Nesting Habits of the Hooded Warbler. 

This Warbler is quite common cer- 
tain seasons in Michigan and may be 
found nesting in all sections where it 
remains. However, like many other 
species of birds, more particularly the 
Warblers, it is variable in its choice of 
location. Sometimes it is found quite 
abundant during May and June, and 
again in the same locality is noted only 
with great difficulty. 

It arrives May first or later, and one 
season I did not observe a bird until 
May 14, although the birds soon be- 
came abundant after this date and nest- 
ed in the locality. It is one of our shy- 
est birds and to the ordinary collector 
will remain unknown, although per- 
haps abundant in the neighborhood. 
For this reason we often see collections 
of skins with a single specimen, and the 
owner claims that the species is rare, 
whereas the Warbler has been simply 
overlooked. 

The Hooded Warbler, Sylvania mi- 
trata (GMEL.), usually arrives on the 
southern boundary of Michigan, about 
forty-two degrees north latitude, dur- 
ing the first week in May. Nearly all 
the birds pass further north, so itis 
largely transient in this neighborhood. 
Nevertheless the nests may be taken by 
eareful observers each season. 

I think that the birds rarely sing dur- 
ing migration and only become musical 
after settling for the summer. I have 
heard the pleasing song-notes in the 
second week in May and later, although 
a sharp and characteristic call-note 
may be given at any time. 

This is one of those Warblers, who, 
from their very shyness will remain un- 
known, if the collector does not famil- 
iarize himself with the song. How 


* 


5 Wop teased ees 


1894. WV HOLE No. 107 
often one meets collectors who eall 
themselves thorough naturalists, who 
know next tomothing regarding birds’ 
songs ana habits. There are unfor- 
tunately far too many who think that 
the whole business, science and pleas- 
ure is summed up in simply robbing 
nests and adding to the stock of eggs. 

When I stroll with a companion, the 
opinion I form of his qualifications is 
largely due to his ability to identify 
birds on the wing, or by the notes, or 
if he can offer some notes of interest on 
some species. I am but little interested 
in long accounts of big climbs and 
large collections. I have met men and 
boys who did not collect, whose knowl- 
edge of birds’ habits made them much 
more companionable than those who 
could simply brag of their powers as 
collectors. I cannot imagine a less in- 
teresting person than the egg-crank 
who knows dothing of nature, and whe 
thinks that robbing birds’ nests is the 
ultima thule of the science of nest-hunt- 
ing. 

The Hooded Flycatching Warbler has 
three distinct songs, two of which are 
commonly uttered during courting and 
nesting, and when these songs are 
heard one may rest assured that the 
birds are nesting or’ will nest in the 
woods. 

It is extremely difficult to get a view 
of this species when it is singing and 
Imade many unsuccessful efforts be- 
fore success followed. The singer 
keeps*in the underbrush and flits from 
bush to bush keeping out of sight most 
persistently. 

When a strange song is heard in 
wood or field a collector should always 
search out the performer, and in this 
way notes and nests of rare species 
may be taken, or it may be that some 


278 


unknown song will prove to come from 
a common bird which we have known 
for years. 

As usual, the first nest discovered, 
May 27, °76, was found by accident on a 
hill in a beech and maple woods about 
two miles north of Kalamazoo. The 
nest was in a small beech bush and 
was placed in a trifid fork at about 
thirty inches above the ground. There 
was an abundance of undergrowth all 
about and the place was retired and 
seldom visited. 

I knew at once that the find was new 
to me, and as I had not seen the old 
bird leave the nest, took my bearings 
and left the two treasures, with one of 
the Cowbird, to return for a full set 
and complete identification later. 

Two days afterward the spot was 
again visited and the crawl to the nest 
through the bushes was so carefully 
made that I was permitted to view the 
female setting and also to see the male 
near. 

As there were still but two Warbier 
egos they were appropriated. The 
nest was Jargely composed of bleached 
maple leaves of the previous year. 
These leaves, showing almost white on 
the sides and bottom, gaye a very 
pleasing appearance to the structure. 
The interior was lined ‘vith fine roots 
and grape vine bark. Altogether it 
was a very clever piece of bird archi- 
tecture and was compact, and more- 
over was quite unique, as I have seen 
no other nests which closely resembled 
it. Across the top it measured slightly 
over four inches, four high externally, 
while the internal measurements were 
two and a half inehes each. 

On May 311 found another nest and 
also two others on June 6th and 9th of 
the same year, 1876. Two of the nests 
contained three slightly incubated eggs 
each. One nest held a single egg 
which I was foolish enough to take 
with the nest, thinking that the locality 
was too distant to revisit, and that the 


THE OOLOGIST. 


species had become abundant for all 
time. 

The first and second nests were 
found in the same patch of woods. I 
also found another, a fifth nest vacant 
in these woods, and waited a week and 
then beheld a Baltimore Oriole’s egg 
init. * A fifth nest was discovered in 
a spruce bush, Lindera benzoin,in a low 
piece of wet woods of -basswood, ash 
and elm. The structure was entirely 
different from the others, all of which 
were placed in beech or maple bushes 
from two to four feet up and in beech 
and maple forests. 

The eggs which I took varied in 
length from .7l to .74 and in smallest 
diameter from .53 to .58 of an inch. 
The eggs are white with a greater or 
less number of spots of red principally 
at the larger end where they often form 
aring, but sometimes scantily over the 
entire surface. In some eggs there are 
small plackish dots in the wreaths of 
the larger ends, 

In the years ’77 to ’85 I found this 
species common and musical in May 
and June in various parts of the state 
but was generally engaged with other 
birds so that I did not tind time to look 
up the nests. The species is abundant 
in St. John, Ottawa, Kent, Van Buren 
and Montcalm counties. 

This Warbler has very agreeable 
notes, and the song is so well marked, 
that when noted by an observer of bird 
notes, he has no trouble in identifying 
the songster. If a Hooded Warbler 
is heard singing there will be no un- 
certainty in predicting that there is or 
will be a nest in that immediate neigh- 
borhood. 

The birds are never taken in fields 
and rarely seen in half-wooded places. 
Their choice seems to be heavy forests 
with a thick growth of bushes. During 
migration I have shot this Warblerin 

* This singular find occurred a day or so 


after asevere storm. Perhaps the Oriole lost 
its Own nest and made use of this empty one. 
. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


high trees, and it, like other members 
of the family, migrates largely at night. 
One was brought to me which had been 
killed at night by flying against the 
electric light in the city. 

After July ist it is unusual to seea 
specimen as they are so careful to con- 
ceal their movements. I know nothing 
about the time of their departure. 
This is an elegant bird; vivacious and 
most-interesting. 

MorRIs GIBBS. 


> <<< >_< 


Oology vs. Philately. 

I am going to give the definitions of 
Odlogy and Philately, so as to illustrate 
that stamp collecting is simply collect- 
ing and amassing bits of paper, and 
Odlogy is the collecting and studying of 
something higher, but shall look toa 
more correct authority (on these spec- 
ial subjects) than Webster, and for Odl- 
ogy I know of no better definition than 
given by ‘‘Hugene Pericles” in his admir- 
able article in the December Od6LoGIsT, 
which is as follows: ‘Odlogy is a 
branch of Ornithology.” And he goes 
on to state the difference between the 
true and the sham study, ete., (you 
should read the piece) and may I add to 
his definition, a most interesting man- 
ner of studying Nature and her feath- 
ered creatures. 

Philately, as defined by the Century 
Dictionary, is the fancy for collecting 
and classifying postage stamps and 
revenue stamps as objects of curiosity; 
also the occupation of making such 
collection. The above definitions are 
acknowledged to be correct by the best 
authorities on such subjects. 

Odlogy may not be a great and glor- 
ious occupation; it may not entitle any- 
one to very great praise and distinc- 
tion who have followed it as long and 
devotedly as I have; but the true pleas- 
ure, the pleasant moments and exhilir- 
ation amply pay me for any praise or 
distinction that I may have lost by my 


Pa 


study of Nature, her birds and their - 
eggs, Ododlogy is an education itself. 
All true Odlogists are close observers of 
what goes on around and about them, 
acute observers of nice distinctions, 
careful observers of things that are 
rare and all these insensibly inculcates 
habits of study, which are in themselves 
of immense value. And boys, they are 
requisites of a successful business man. 
And everyone will admit upon reflec- 
tion that it has developed faculties with- 
in himself that have aided and influ- 
enced his after life. I am, therefore, a 
warm advocate of the study of Odlogy. 
The devotees are not in as many num- 
bers as those of Philately. The latter 
number over one million. We are, 
however, brave and true in spirit. 

Philately is simply a fancy for collect- 
ing, this is acknowledged by their best 
writers, and is not a deep love asin 
Oodlogy. Itis engaged in by. curious 
people and not by the careful and stud- 
ious persons who pursue the study of 
Oology. Philately is easily taken up— 
as soon dropped—and of very little im- 
portance. Stamps are engraved and 
made by man; but each bird and egg is 
a fitting representative of 
greatness. 

Some writers contend that stamp col- 
lecting relieves the mind from business 
and other cares; it does to a certain. ex- 
tent, but as the pastime is pursued in- - 
doors, it does not relieve the mind 
body and soul, give any exercise as 
tramps in the midst of forests. 

If you are a stamp collector, or stand 
dabbling one hand in Odlogy and the 
other in Philately, my earnest advice is 
to exchange or do away with your 
stamps, even if you have to doit ata. 
sacrifice, for some good well identified 
eggs to begin a collection, and _ the- 
study of Odlogy, or if you already have 
a collection of eggs then add to it. 

Also study the birds of your locality, 
their habits and eggs; keep eyes, ears. 
and note-book open; and last but 


Nature’s 


280 THE OOLOGIST. 


not least become a subscriber to the 
» OSLOGIST. 

I really believe that if Philatelists 
were aware of how I feel and think 
when collecting and studying our birds 
and their eggs, stamp dealers would 
haye to goin pursuit of another busi- 
ness. At the out-set it is as well to re 
mind those about to plunge themselves 
in the most fasinating study and pas- 
time that there is no royal road to O6- 
logy any more than there is to any 
-other study or amusement. 

A question will naturally be asked, 
~why do people collect stamps? simply 
‘this, it affords them some pleasure. 
Nothing more or less. And why do 
people collect and study birds and 
their eggs? It affords them not only 
pleasure, but study, a love of great and 
glorious things, recreation, exercise 
and the promotor of all things which 
tend to make nobler manhood and 
womanhood. 

JOHN H. JACKSON. 
El Paso; Tex. 


A Beautiful Hummingbird’s Nest. 

One Sunday while sitting under one 
of the large cypress trees on the left 
hand side of a lane, near St. Matthew’s 
school at San Mateo, Cal., I hearda 
buzzing noise and looking around for a 
while I discovered a Hummingbird 
about to alight on a twig some three 
inches from the ground. 

As soon as it had alighted it began to 
pick little bits of moss from the trunk 
of the tree. When it had enough it 
flew across the lane and into a small 
slippery elm tree where it perched on 
a branch and began weaving the moss 
into some hair which laid the founda- 
tion for her nest. 

Seeing that she returned to the twig 
to get moss every time, I thought I 
would play her a trick, so I got some 
cotton and put it on the ground under 
the twig and waited to see the result. 


She soon came back for more moss 
and when she saw the cotton she took 
that, : 

I now left her knowing that if I both- 
ered her she would destroy her nest. 

When I came a few days later I was 
rewarded with a beautiful white nest 
and two eggs. . 

SHERMAN BAGG. 
——_—————q@vr>Po________ 
Shapes of Eggs. 

Various attempts have been made 
says The Scientyfic American, to ac- 
count for the diversity in shape seen in 
eggs. A recent study convinces Dr. 
Nicholsky that the difference may be 
all traced to gravity, and he finds his 
idea confirmed by all the eggs in the 
zodlogical collection of the St. Peters- 
burg University. He supposes that 
pressure by the sides of the ovary tends _ 
to elongate the egg before the shell has 
hardened. In birds which keep a ver- 
tical position while at rest, as do the 
faluon and the owl, the soft egg is 
made short by the action of the weight 


_of the body against the ovarian press- 


ure; while in birds like the grebe that 
are nearly always swimming, the egg 
is lengthened because the bird’s weight 
acts with the compression by the ovary. 
The egg is made more pointed at one 
end than at the other in birds that, like 
the guillemot, are frequently changing 
their position—sometimes ' swimming 
and diving, sometimes perching on the 
rocks, ete. 


Western New York Naturalists’ Association. 


The annual meeting of the Western 
New York Naturalists’ Association will 
be held in Brockport, Thursday, Octo- 
ber 4th. All persons interested in Nat- 
ural Science are invited to be present 
at the evening session which will be 
devoted to the reading and discussion 
of scientific papers, and exhibition of 
colllections. 

For particulars address, 

GEO. F. GUELF, Sec’y. 
Brockport, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 281 


Notes From Audubon’s Biography. 


Part IV. 

Soon after the arrival of Audubon’s 
party in Boston Audubon’s son, Victor 
Gifford Audubon, sailed for England to 
superintend the publication of the 
“Birds of America;”’ while Audubon re- 
sumed his researches. At Boston Au- 
dubon was attacked by a severe illness, 
but, “thanks to Providence and_ his 
niedical friends Parkman, Shattucktand 
Warren,” he was soon enabled to pro- 
ceed with his labors. A sedentary life 
being the cause of his sickness, Audu- 
bon resolved to set out once more with 
his note-book and gun; and desiring to 
explore the bleak wilds of Labrador, he 
returned eastward with his youngest 
son, John Woodhouse Audubon, and 
soon after was joined by four young 
gentlemen, all fond of Natural History, 
among whom was Thomas Lincoln, the 
son of Audubon’s old friend, Judge 
Lineoln of Dennisville. 

At Eastport, Maine, Audubon and 
his little exploring party chartered a 
beautiful little vessel, the ‘‘Ripley,” un- 
der the command of Mr. Henry W. 
Emmery. Cn the day appointed for 
the departure of the party the wharf 
was crowded with their friends and ac- 
quaintances who had come to see them 
off; and they were most of them agree- 
ably surprised when as the stars and 
stripes shot to the masthead, a salute 
was fired from the guns of the fort 
which towered over the bay on which 
the beautiful ‘“‘Ripley” lay at anchor. 
As they passed the Revenue Cutter at 
anchor her brave captain paid them 
a similar honor, after which he came 
on board the “Ripley” and piloted the 
party through a very difficult outlet. 

The next day, favored by a good 
breeze, they proceeded at a rapid rate, 
and passing through the Gut of Canso, 
launched into the broad waters of the 
Gulf of St. Lawrence, and made sail 


for the Magdelen Islands. There sev- 
eral days were profitably spent, and 
proceeding thence they came in sight 
of the famous “Gannet Rock,” where 
countless numbers of Solan Geese were 
nesting. A gale coming up, they reef- 
ed their sails and headed for the coast 
of Labrador, which was sighted next 
morning, and the “Ripley” was at 
length safely anchored in American 
Harbor. After a summer very pleas- 
antly spent in Labrador, they embark- 
ed again in the “Ripley” and stopped 
long enough at Newfoundland to ex- 
plore a portion of its woods and rivers. 
Landing at Pictou, Nova Scotia, they 
left the “Ripley” and proceeded to 
Eastport, Maine, with their collection 
of specimens. While in Pictou they 
called on Professor McOulloch, by 
whom they were received in a most 
cordial manner, and were shown his 
superb collection of Northern birds; 
and Audubon was presented with rare 
skins, eggs and nests. At St. Johns, 
New Brunswick, Audubon had the 
pleasure of meeting his old friend, Ed- 
ward Harris of New York. Letters 
from his son in England were handed 
him by Mr. Harris, which compelled 
Audubon to abandon his contemplated 
trip through the woods of Quebec; and 
he immediately proceeded to Boston, 
where his wife was, and with her and 
his youngest son hurried on to New 
York, where Audubon added a number 
of subscribers to his list. It was neces- 
sary for Audubon to spend the winter 
in the south, and he therefore deter- 
mined to set out immediately. He ar- 
rived in Charleston in October, 1833. 
Circumstances rendered impossible his 
projected trip along the Gulf of Mexico 
and the Floridas, and for that reason, 


after spending the winter in Charleston 
with Dr. Bachman, he returned to New 
York in March. Taking leave of his 
friends in New York he embarked on 
the packet-ship, the “North America,”’ 


282 THE OOLOGIST. 


with an accession of sixty-two subserib- 
ers and a large amount of specimens. 
On Audubon’s return from the upper 
Mississippi, he found himself obliged to 
eross one of the wide prairies, which in 
that part of the United States vary the 
appearance of the country. His march 
was of long duration, and he saw the 
sun sinking beneath the horizon long 
before he could perceive any appear- 
ance of woodland, and nothing in the 
shape of a man had he met the whole 
day. Soon, however, he saw a fire- 
light and moved towards it, full of con- 
fidence that it proceeded from the 
camp of some wandering Indians. He 
was mistaken, however, and discovered 
by the glare that it was from the hearth 
of a small log cabin, and that a tall fig- 
ure passed and repassed between him 
and the fire. Reaching the spot he re- 
quested a night's lodging, and was an- 
swered that he could stay if he wished. 
He walked in and took a stool by the 
fire. A young Indian was in the room, 
who at Audubon’s approach pointed to 
one of his eyes, which was covered with 
blood. While in the act of discharging 
an arrow at a raccoon the shaft had 
split upon the cord and sprung back 
with such violence as to destroy his 
right eye. It being rather late, as Au- 
dubon observed by a fine gold watch 
which he took from his pocket, which 
attracted the covetous eyes of the hag 
who owned the cabin, he inquired for 
his bed. The woman wished to see the 
watch, and taking it from the chain, 
Audubon handed it to her. She was in 
ecstasy over it. The Indian rose from 
his seat and passed Audubon several 
times and pinched him silently. His 
eyes met those of the naturalist and his 
look instantly put Audubon on_ his 
guard. It then flashed across Audu- 
bon’s mind that he was in peril. He 
asked the woman for his watch, wound 
it up, and under pretense of wishing to 
see how the weather was, picked up his 
gun and walked out of the cabin. As 


soon as he was outside he slipped a 
couple of bullets in his gun, renewed 
the primings and scraped the edges of 
the flint. A short time elapsed after 
Audubon went to bed, when two stal- 
wart youths made their appearance. 
They asked for whiskey and at the same 
time asked who the stranger was. The 
woman told them and at the same time 
made mention of Audubon’s watch. 
Soon the woman took up a huge butch- 
er knife and with the greatest coolness 
proceeded to sharpen it. Her task fin- 
ished she walked to her reeling sons 
and said, ‘“There, that’ll soon settle 
him!” Audubon turned silently, whis- 
pered to his dog and lay ready to start 
up and shoot his assailants. The in- 
fernal hag was advancing slowly, prob- 
ably contemplating the best manner in 
which to dispose of her victim. Audu- 
bon was several times on the point of 
rising and shooting her, but as he was 
about to do so the door opened sudden- 
ly and two stout travellers entered, 
each with a long rifle on his shoulder. 
Audubon bounded to his feet and told 
them of his peril. The drunken sons 
were secured and the woman shared 
the same fate. In the morning they 
unbound the feet of the captives. 
marched them into the road, set fire to 
their cabin and gave all the skins and 
implements to the young Indian. This 
was the one and only oceasion when 
Audubon was in danger of his life from 
his fellowmen. 
FRED W. PARKHURST, 
Bath, Steuben Co., N. Y. 
(LO BE CONTINUED. ) 


Crane Island. 

In one of the fairest of the Minnesota 
lakes, not very many miles from the 
Twin Cities, there is situated a small 
island, perhaps forty acres in extent, 
where large numbers of Great Blue 
Heron and Double-crested Cormorant 
congregate to breed. 


THE OOLOGIST. 283 


The island is known as Crane Island 
for the Herons are known only by that 
name in the country round about and 
the Cormorants are commonly called 
Black Loons. 

Shortly after the ice breaks up in the 
spring, a Heron or a Cormorant may 
here and there be seen in his flight to 
the North, but it is not until the middle 
of May that the nests here are finished 
and the eggs deposited. 

The nests of the Herons are built en- 
tirely of sticks and J should judge are 
about two feet and a half in diameter 
by three-fourths of a foot in thickness, 
while those of the Cormorants are not 
much more than half as large in diam- 
eter but are much thicker in proportion 
and made of smaller sticks. 

Both are quite flat at the top. I have 
heard that a complement of Heron’s 
eggs is commonly three or four. 

When this island first became inhab- 
ited is beyond the memory of the oldest 
settler, but the depth of the loam might 
indicate that for a long period here has 
heen a nesting place. Atany rate the 
birds still come and still go and each 
spring brings them back seemingly un- 
diminished in numbers despite the fact 
that cottages are now yearly rising on 
the shores. 

J remember very clearly my first visit 
here a few years ago and the delightful 
surprise it gave me, 

We had been fishing and lazily float- 
ing along most of the day when late in 
the afternoon we turned a point and 
came in sight of seveial small islands 
and the forest shores rising in low 
bluffs beyond. 

It was a calm clear summer after- 
noon with not a ripple stirring the 
waters and the shadows that were cast 
into the lake were almost as lifelike as 
the shores themse!ves. 

From all directions came the Herons 
lazily winging their way to one of the 
islands and occasionally a swifter Cor- 
morant skimmed along the surface of 
the water. 


From the distance the clatter of the 
combined efforts of the denizens of 
Crane Is!and came clearly to our ears 
for it was so calm that the creaking of 
an oar might be heard half a mile away. 

In our wonderment and delight at 
the beanty of the scene we could hardly 
resist the temptation to row nearer and 
it was not long before we reached the 
island. We frightened a Woodchuck 
into his hole in our ascent up the stony 
bank, some larger animal moved away 
in the weeds at the top and in a minute 
or two we had picked our way through 
the brush and smaller trees that skirt 
the edge and were standing underneath 
the nests. 

The island was covered with mam- 
moth elms whose spreading tops almost 
intertwined with one another forming 
a sort of canopy overhead. 

Here would be a tree that would con- 
tain a nest or two and there one that 
would contain a dozen mostly situated 
on the branches some distance out from 
the trunk. 

Herons and Cormorants dwelt side 
by side often nesting in the different 
erotches of the same limb. 

Never did two more different birds 
dwell together in more perfect harmony. 

The squabbles of a bird seem to be 
with his own kind only and a race war 
is out of the question. I fear it would 
go hard with the Cormorants if they 
did fight. 

Now the form of a Heron is seen 
above the trees, a pair of long legs is 
dropped and the bird alights with an 
awkward balancing motion as if he ex- 
pected the limb to break off with him. 

There is a continual clatter as if all 
were trying to talk at once. I call it 
clatter out of want of another name, 
for it is a miagiing of the squawks of 
the Heron and tho chattering noise of 
the Cormorant. 

Occasionally the sounds die almost 
out but a Heron gives vent to a harsh 
cry and all immediately begin again. 


284 THE OOLOGIST. 


A commotion overhead attracts our 
attention and two Herons stand face to 
face with wings spread backward ‘and 
open bills as if they were hissing at 
each other, for they do hiss when en- 
raged, but they svon quiet down. 

Beneath the trees the ground was al- 
ternately covered with tracts devoid of 
vegetation and patches of rauk weeds 
which grew to the height of three or 
four feet, in places head high. As we 
parted these weeds in front of us and 
went. from tract to tract we examined 
with eager interest all that lay before 
us, now turning over a nest that had 
fallen now poking about the bones of a 
fallen bird. 

Everywhere there were the remains 
of fish, frogs and even mice and scat- 
tered about in abundance were the blue 
egg shells of the Herons and the chalky 
shells of the Cormorants. 

One thing particularly noticeable 
was the number of holes of animals who 
no doubt grubbed an excellent living 
from fish that had been dropped. 

I say ‘particularly noticeable” for 
the reason that one was very apt to run 
his foot in one while gazing skyward. 

On returning I persisted in carrying 
a Heron’s nest down to the boat and 
filling up one end of it, to the disgust of 
the rest of the party, having fine ideas 
of varnishing each stick and reposing it 
gracefully in one corner of my room, 
but the novelty of the thing having 
worn off, the remarks of my compan- 
ions at last persuaded me to throw it 
overboard. 

We set out towards home in one of 
those golden twilights, when the waters 
are illuminated sometime after the sun 
has gone down. 

But even this soon must fade and as 
it faded the noise of the birds became 
less and less boisterous till finally it 
died away altogether and when we 
reached the point the sounds of our 
yoices and the splashing of the oars 
alone broke the stillness of a starlight 
night. 


JT have since come to spend my sum- 
mers on a lake not very far from this 
one and have seen much of both of the 
birds in question. 

No marsh within five miles of the is- 
land is complete without its Heron or 
quota of Herons and I have often seen a 
dozen around one small lake standing 
statue like in the bogs. 

Sometimes they are found in these 
places at night and the harsh eries of 
one flying across the waters after dark 
may often be heard. 

As to captive Herons it is very often 


difficult to get.them to eat, especially if 


they are old ones, yet 1 know of one 
that after being let loose returned reg- 
ularly at meal times for his allowance. 

Tonce obtained one that had been 
wounded and fastened him by a small 
rope so that he could wade about on 
the shore of the lake. He most obsti- 
nately refused all food and prefered to 
spend his time standing in one position 
all day long, and we finally had to 
shoot him. 

They occasionally put in their ap- 
pearance in front of the cottages in the 
early morning in search of of fish left 
along the shore, and they seem to know 
very well when the people are stirring 
for they are not caught there after the 
earliest morning hours. 

At a boathouse a few miles from the 
island, they had a large box, open at 
the top, standing in a few inches of 
water where frogs and minnows intend- 
ed for bait were kept. 

For several mornings the keepers 
found great losses to have occurred in 
the ranks of the frogs and fishes and fi- 
nally one man put in his appearance at 
daybreak to catch the intruder. He 
founda most contented Heron inside 
the box calmly helping himself, who, 
when he saw that he was observed, 
made off at a rapid rate. The next 
morning vengence was decided upon 
and the man laid concealed with a shot 
gun, but the bird had made his farewell 


THE OOLOGIST 285 


appearance for he was not seen, neither 
were they troubled with him again. 

They are particularly treacherous 
like the rest of the Heron family and 
will strike for one’s eyes every time. I 
have read two accounts of persons los- 
ing an eye about this very lake. 

A captive one makes no distinction 
between keeper or stranger, and one is 
as apt to strike suddenly out after be- 
ing carressed and handled for days as 
when first captured and they strike 
with no little force for at one place 
they exhibit a pine wood oar with a 
Heron’s bill protruding two _ inches 
thrcugh it and which was done by hold- 
ing the oar in front of an enraged bird. 

It is said that the county authorities 
have forbidden the shooting of the Her- 
ous for they are excellent scavengers 
and keep the shores clear of dead fish, 
frogs and the like, and help in a meas- 
ure to keep down the mice and _ snakes. 
Not so much attention is paid to the 
Cormorants who spend their time in 
diving about the lakes catching fish. 
A tourist may occasionally bag one of 
these birds by way of novelty and I 
have heard of persons engaging in the 
brutish sport of killing them in num- 
bers from beneath the nests, but the 
law is geuerally kept and they are per- 
mitted to fly across the passes unharm- 
ed. 

When the young are able to fly the 
Herons may often be seen winging 
about by two’s and three’s, but soon 
after only solitary birds are seen. 

They begin to disappear one by one 
as they leave for the more fertile 
marshes, and by the middle of August 
the island is left to the Cormorants and 
the spirits and hobgoblins that, it is 
hinted, inhabit the place. 

The Cormorants bunch together and 
may be seen flying across the water or 
hanging about the island until the cold 
weather forces them to leaye for a 


warmer climate. 
H. M. GuILFrorp, 


Minneapolis, Minn. 


Notes on the Phebe. 

There is a strong tendency among 
naturalists in general to study the hab 
its and characteristics of the more rare 
birds and animals. There is probably 
not one amateur ornithologist in one 
hundred, in New England, but what 
could give a better off-hand description 
of the habits of the Golden Eagle, which 
he probably never saw, than of the 
Robin, which for four or five months in 
every year, he sees almost daily; or of 
the Powbe, which, perhaps, annually 
builds its nest in his woodshed. And 
yet this little bird is well worthy of a 
careful study. 

Probably there is no bird which is 
burdened with a greater variety of 
names. Scientifically, it is known as 
Muscicapa fusca, Sayornis fusca and 
Sayornis phebe. Commonly, it is 
known as Phoebe, House Pewee, Fly- 
catcher, Pewit, Bridge Bird, Moss Bird, 
Pewee and Pewit Flycatcher; and I pre- 
sume I have not enumerated one half 
ofits names. It is migratory, arriving 
in this locality early in April and de- 
parting about the middle of October. 
It is very much attached to one locality 
and if undisturbed in its nesting it will 
return each season to the same place. 
It loses little time, after its return, in 
seeking a nesting place, but almost im- 
mediately begins to build. Last spring 
I found a half-completed nest, on the 
nineteenth day of April. I did not 
visit this nest again until the middle of 
June, when I found two freshly laid 
eggs in the nest, and unmistakable 
signs that one brood had been raised 
and had left the nest. 

April twenty-fourth I found a nest 
nearly completed. I visited this nest a 
week later and found three eggs 
These were removed and in ten days I 
again visited it and found four more 
eggs. These were not disturbed. I 
did not see this nest again until about 
the middle of June, and then it was 


286 


abandoned and I saw no signs of any 
of those birds in the vicinity. About 
the middle of July, however, I again 
visited it and found four or five young 
birds just beginning to fly. 

Another nest was found about the 
first of May, containing five eggs nearly 
hatched. These were removed and 
two weeks later there were four more 
eggs. These were not disturbed. 1 
visited the nest three or four times be- 
fore the young were able to fly. ‘Then 
the nest Was apparently abandoned for 
about a week, when the birds again 
took possession of it and Jaid four eggs. 

I have found dozens of nests in which 
I know that but one brood was raised, 
but I have also found many in June 
and some as late as July, just in the 
process of construction, and I am_ very 
confident that this bird always rears 
two, and possibly three broods each 
season; and asI have shown it some- 
times uses. the same nest for the second 
brood. It does not, however, use the 
Same nest two years in succession, but 
I have known it to tear an old nest to 
pieces and build in the same place; and 
I have known it to build the new nest 
but a few inches from the old and to 
use the greater part of the old nest in 
building the new. 

The nest is made of dried grass, 
thickly cemented with mud, and cov- 
ered, upon the outside, with a kind of 
brown moss which it transplants so 
neatly that it frequently takes root and 
grows. The interior is lined, first with 
a thick layer of soft hay and then one 
of feathers. Its walls are very thick 
and strong, and considering the size of 
the bird, the nest is rather large. In 
size and shape, and sometimes in loca- 
tion, it resembles the nest of the Robin, 
but its coverjng of moss prevents its 
ever being mistaken for such. It has 
been deseribad as resembling the nest 
of the Barn Swallow. It differs from 
this in its covering of moss 
and it has a greater proportion of hay 


however 


THE OOLOGIST. 


mixed with the mud of its walls, though 
not as much as that of the Robin. 
Then, too, the nest of the Phebe is in- 
variably built upon a shelf or project- 
ion, while that of the Barn Swallow is 
almost always glued to the perpendicu- 
lar side of a rafter and supported only 
by the cohesion of its particles and its 
adhesion to the rafter. 


The Phcebe always bnilds where 


neither wind nor rain nor the direct 


rays of the sun ean reach its nest. I 
have sometimes found its nest under a 
bridge, but generally it prefers an open 
woodshed or a dilapitated building. 
In this immediate vicinity, where a 
great quantity of maple sugar is made, 
sugar houses are a favorite resort. It 
frequently nests in barns, but I have 
never found two nests occupying the 
same building at the same time. In 


_ choosing its location within a building 


it seems to prefer the surface of a nar- 
«ow board, nailed to the under side of 


the rafters or overlays. But it some- 
times selects exceedingly curious 
_places. J once found a nest built upon 


the nest of a Chimney Swift. ‘This nest 
I deseribed in the June number of the 
OGLOGIST, in an article entitled, -‘Notes 
upon the Barn Swallow.” Once I 
found one built against a beam and 
resting only upon a large rail. I have 
fond several built in false mortices, 
andl one in an old chimney ina hole 
from which a brick had been taken. 
Another was on the top of a post about 
six feet from the ground, and still an- 
other on a smail horizontal pole sus- 
pended by a rope in such a manner as 
to be almost continually swinging. 

Yhe eggs are of a milky whiteness, 
with a round spot on the large end, of 
a little different shade, which disap- 
pears with the blowing. Sometimes, 
but not often, there are very minute 
black spots upon it. The number of 
eggs in a nest varies from four to eight, 
but five is by far the most common 
number. After having completed the 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Masonry of the nest, the old bird al- 
lows three or four days to elapse, and 
then lines it. Laying is then begun 
and one egg is laid every day until the 
set is complete. Generally a few days 
then elapse before incubation begins. 
So far as I have been able to deter- 
mine, the period of incubation is four- 
teen days, but from the difficulty of as- 
certaining just when it begins, I do not 
make this as a positive assertion. ‘Ihe 
old birds are very affectionate towards 
each other and mate for life and when 
not searching for food the male is -it- 
ting upon the edge ofthe nest. He 
never attempts to feed the young birds, 
though he may bring food to the fe- 
male. ‘The food of this bird consists 
entirely of insects which it invaria ly 
catches while upon the wing. 

Early in the spring this bird has a 
very pleasant note, from the sound of 
which several of its names are derived. 
As nearly as I can write it, or as nearly 
as letters can reproduce it, the note is 
pec-wee, sounded very plaintively, but 
in a tone that can be heard a long way 
off. When its nest is disturbed it hops 
around uneasily and somewhat plain- 
tively says peet-peet. I believe these 
are its only notes. 

C. O. ORMSBEE, 
Montpelier, Vt. 


<<>> + 


Conglomeration. 


HASH. 


There is a boy in our town, his name 
is Bob White. He is always Robin birds 
nests for he is an egg collector One 
time while out collecting with his chum 
Will he spied a nest. ‘Cedar Wav- 
wingY’ he exclaimed. ‘I Sora fly. 
There must be eggs in that nest. It is 
a difficult tree to climb and Ruff on 
one’s shins; the nest is out on the end 
of that limb. Wélleé hold me do you 
think? I guess you had better hand 


} 


287 


me that old Black Rail. 
me to climb. 

“You Loon,” said Will, ‘you can 
Anot climb that tree.” “I can,” says 
Bob, ‘‘Ani ain’t no Booby like you.” 
Poor Will, his feelings were hurt, his 
eyelids began to Flicker and Snowflake 
pearly moisture trickled down _ his 
cheeks. 

Bob at last managed to climb the tree 
Puffin from exhaustion. He exclaimed, 
“This heat would Turnstone to water!” 
Very carefully he creeps along the 
limb for the Least Tern and he will 
fall. After much trouble and exertion 
he reaches the nest—empty. Let us 
draw a curtain over this unhappy scene. 

CLINTON M. Cary, 
New York City. 


——__——_*e--—_______ 
Hutton’s Vireo.’ 


-It will help 


This is one of the most interesting 
birds which [ had the pleasure of meet- 
ing during my first season in Oregon. 
My first set was collected May 381, 1892, 
from a nest found by my father. The 
nest was a light structure, hanging from 
a fir limb, five feet from the ground 
and ten feet from the tree, composed of 
grass and moss, lined with fine rootlets, 
and measuring two inches in diameter, 
by one and one-half deep, inside, and 
three and one-half by two and one-half 
outside. It contained five little beau- 
ties, pure white, speckled with two 
shades of reddish brown, mostly at the 
larger end. They measure 75x54, 76x 
08, 77x54, 75x54, 76x54. 

On June 6th, father found another 
nest belonging to the same birds and 
partly built of materials from the old 
nest. It contained one egg. 

June 10th,we went up and examined, 
finding that it still contained but one 
egg. Apparently the bird on seeing 
father remembered its former exper- 
ience and thought best to leave; though 
this would appear to credit the bird 


288 THE OOLOGIST. 


with the power of learning by exper- 
ience which does not exactly agree 
with the definition of instinct. The 
Hutton’s Vireo remains with us though- 
out the winter and is usually seen in 
company with the Oregon Chickadee. 
FrEeD H. ANDRUS, 
Elkton, Ore. 


Protect Our Birds. 
Dear Editor: 

As I read the pages of the June OOLo- 
Gist I was very much impressed by the 
article under the head ‘‘Proteet Our 
Birds.” It seemed to me, as I read 
that article, that it ought to be endors- 
ed by every true odlogist and lover of 
nature. 

The writer in that article speaks of 
some collectors taking from ‘five to 
twenty-five sets of the same species; 
while they are identically the same in 
marking, size and shape.”’ 

' Mr, Grady remarked also that if this 
wholesale destruction of our birds con- 
tinues what will become of them? And 
Mr. Editor, what will become of them? 

I think the one great trouble is, that 
so many of our so-called ornithologists 
are using (rifles) in a way that is shame- 
ful to the public. They skoot every 
little bird that comes in their sight. 

Of course, it is necessary to shoot a 
bird once in.a while, in order to tell 
what species it is; but when a collector 
takes from ten to twenty eggs of the 
same bird I do not think that he has to 
shoot the old birds every time in order 
to tell the kind. 

If some of our collectors would stop, 
and reason with themselves, they 
would soon learn that God never put 
our birds on this beautiful earth to be 
slaughtered in the way that they have 
been; or, to have their nests robbed in 
such a shameful manner. 

Iam very glad that Mr. Grady wrote 
this article, for if some of our so-called 
collectors can comprehend anything, 


they will soon see that Mr. Grady’s ar- 
ticle is worthy of example. 

And in closing, let me add, ‘“PRo- 
TECT OUR BIRDS.” 

P.S.—I have been taking your very 
useful paper for seven months and J 
am very much pleased with it. 

CHAS. C. SWISHER, 
Wyoming Co., Penn. 


An Albino Nighthawk. 


Some parties while hunting near 
Lynchburg, Va., Aug. 29, 1887, killed an 
albino Nighthawk. This bird was 
pure white excepting the breast which 
was very faintly marked with light 
yellow: < 

Two other albino Nighthawks have 
been seen near the same locality, but 
this is the only one which has been 
killed, as far as I know. Are there any 
other records on hand of albino Night- 
hawks? J. W. Dz. Jr. 


Some Twice Occupied Nests. 

On April 15, 94, I found a set of Eng- 
lish Sparrow’s eggs in an old Wood- 
pecker’s hole. This hole was lined 
with horse hair and straw. 

On May 10, 1894, I took a set of Blue- 
bird’s eggs from a hole in a maple tree. 
On May 20, ’94, I took another set of 
four. This cavity had been used before 
by a pair of Crested Flycatchers. 

On May 30, ’94, I fonnd a nest of four 
young Red-wing Blackbirds in a nest 
that had been built and used by a 
Black-throated Bunting. 

On June J6, 94, I founda set of 
Bluebird eggsin a hole previously oe- 
cupied by a Red-shafted Flicker. 

On June 19 I found a set of Wren’s 
eggs in a hole previously occupied by a 
Woodpecker. 

On July 10 I found a set of Mourn- 
ing Dove’s eggs in a nest built and used 
by a Robin. 


W. E. WILLIAMS, 
Lawrence, Kansas, 


THE OOLOGIST. 289 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
' student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 
Single Subscription - - 50c per annum 
‘Sample Copies - - 5¢ each 
‘The above rates include payment. of postage by us. 


Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good 
for an Exchange Notice and the other for 26c. 
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 

Subscriptions can begin with any number. 
Back numbers of the OoLoaist can be furnish 
ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- 
tions and prices. 


t2"Remember that the publisher must be no- 
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa- 
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. 
ADVERTISING RATES: 
-20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION. 
Twelve lines in every inch. 
SPECIAL RATES, for advertisements continued 


Three months or more, per lin€............--..15€ 
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ALTERNATIVE RATES. 


For advertisements occupying any one issue 
-One-half column (42 lines) or more, per‘line....15¢ 
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Cash must accompany all orders. 


Remittances should be made by Draft, Express 
sor Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or 
Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of 
any denomination wiil be accepted tor sums un- 
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Drafts 
payable and address all subscriptions and com- 
munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, 

; Albion, Orleans Co., N.Y. 


7,* Articles, Items of Interest’ and Queries 
for publication should be forwarded as early in 
the month as possible. 


AS SECOND-CLASS MATTER, 


@RTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., 


You Are a Judge. 


Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the jirst day of September. 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and 
mail tous. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes should 
be awarded. 


We give our Judges five prizes hav- . 


ing an aggregate value of over $5, one 
to each of the five whose decisions are 
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes. 


JULY CONTEST 
64 Judges. 


1. Passenger Pigeon, 276. 

2. Dove Life in Arizona, 217. 

3. Bell’s Vireo, 168. 
_ 4. Notes from Audubon’s Biogra- 
phy, 156. 


5. Language of Crows and Other 
Notes, 68. 

Judges’ prizes were awarded as fol- 
lows: 

i, 18Gl, 
Exact. 

2. Walton Mitchell, St. Paul, Minn., 
DQM and: 

3. N.G. Van De Water, 


Doolittle, Painesville, Ohio. 


Gretna, N. 


Weyl, 25'45°3, 5. 
AB naw Garrett, Ballston Spa., N. 
Wn 1, & 4 Bb: 


5. Arthur P. Simmons, Troy, N. Y., 

Wey An Oh Oe 

The following Judges named the 
winning articles in exactly the same or- 
der as the last, hence we awarded each 
a fifth prize: 

H. Gould Welborn, Lexington, N. C. 

Hervey Hoskins, Newberg, Oregon. 

Twenty-one other Judges named the 
winning articles. 

All prizes were mailed the winners 
on Aug. 11. 


Figures of Importance. 


Examine the number following your 
name on the wrapper of this OSLOGIsT. 
This number denotes the time when 
your subscription expires or has expir- 
ed. 
56 signifies your subscription expir ed June, 1890 


62 ; IDYeea/ CC 
68 a ot es Jones 1891 
7 aG “ cs “ wen) & 
80 Pe ss ry ae June, 1892 
86 ce ee ce oe Dec. ee 
92 a e i OF June, 1893 
98 oe oe oe Dec, 6c 
104“ rt i June 1894 
TEN) 08 s ae will eryite WeC ne: 


We are desirous of straightening our 
subscription books at once and trust 
our subscribers will send in their sub- 
scriptions for ’94 including all arrear- 
ages, at their earliest conveniences, the 
amounts necessary to accomplish this 
are as follows: 


“561? $2.95, *62.—$2.00. “68"°—81.75. ‘74—$1,50 
“80"—$1,25. ‘86—$1.00. ‘92°—75e. ‘98"—50c. 
=102"— 256. 

Should you desire to discontinue 


your subscription to the O6LOGIsT your 
indebtedness to us is 10 cents less than 
the above amount. The ee are 
according to our books Aug. 18, 1894, 

and many renewals receiy ed since that 
date have been credited on our books, 
but not on the wrapper. 


290 THE OOLOGIST. 


Exhibits of Shells, 
Corals, Specimens, 
Curiosities, etc., etc., 


Will be made by ‘“‘LaTtTin”’ at the following Great Fairs and Expositions. 
during the next few months, and should any of his patrons live within a 
reasonable distance of any of them, why not call? ‘“LATTIN” will person- 
ally attend the DETROIT Farr, and undoubtedly the SPRINGFIELD, St: 
Louis and RICHMOND ones. 


MrK. B. MATHES, 


who has been with “Lattin” for a number of years and whom many 
readers of the O6LOGIST met at the WoRLD’s Farr in 93, will have charge 
of all, or nearly all of ‘‘“LATTi1n’s exhibits this Fall. 

It may be needless to add that the ’94 will equal if not surpass all 
previous exhibits—both ‘‘LATTIN” and Mr. MATHEs are pioneers in the: 
business. 


**L_attin’s’’ Exhibits for 94. 
SEPTEMBER 3-7, 


Ohio State Fair and Industrial Exposition, 
Columbus, Ohio. 
SEPTEMBER 10-21, 


Michigan State Fair, Detroit, Mich. 
SEPTEMBER 24-29, 

Illinois State Fair, Springfield, Ills. 
OCTOBER 1-6, 


Vhe Great St: Lous’ Fair, St Vouisseyin 


And undoubtedly (positive announcement will be made in October O6LOGIsT): 
OCTOBER 9-19, 


Virginia Exposition, Richmond, Va. 


OCTOBER 23- MOURnnE 8, 
Dixie Inter-State Fair, Wiccan Ga. 


(=s"‘‘LATTIN’s” Pier House Store at CHauTAUQUA, N. Y., will remain opem 
through September. 


THE OOLOGIST. 291 


Chas. K. Reed. 


Of No. 262 Main St. Worcester, Mass., 
the well-known Taxidermist and Dealer 
in EVERYTHING in the Specimen and Sup- 
ph aline required by the Naturalist and 
Curio Collector, has recently issued a new 
Illustrated Catalogue, containing several 
hali-tores. A copy will be mailed every 
reader of the Oo/ogzst upon eceeine of 
only a 2c stamp. 

You should send at once for a copy as the 


supply is limited. 


292 


Butterflies. 


I have a fine new lot of Butterflies. all sizes 
and colors. scientifically labelled, sex locality, 
etc., well packed by express 10c each 

Can furnish in pairs or singly 

10 var. 1.00, 20 var. 1.60, 50 specimens 3.50, 100 
specimens 6 00. 

75 species in new Insect case glass or wooden 
tops for 10.00. A genuine bargain. Beginners 
Will find here just what they want. 

IT also offer a nice collection of Beetles all A 1 
cheap and some rare Exotic Butterflies. 

Mail all orders at once to 


WALTER F. WEBB, 


ALBION, N. Y. 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- 
dia, Australia, Africa, «tc.. correctly named 
at moderate prices, also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, 

Emdener St.. 4, Berlin. N. W., Germany 


CATALOGUE 


~e— FREE TQ ALL. a> 


Send for one — it will interest you. ; 


In our Six New Models you will find just what you 


want. 
prices. 
of price. 


John P. Loveli Arms Co., 


BOSTON, MASS. 


All the latest improvements. 
Guaranteed to be equal to any, regardless 


THE OOLOGIST. 


STEAM COOKER FREE! 
The Triumph Cooker with lock 
e—< Cover, Will cook Meats, Fish. Veget- 
id ables. Beans, Brown Gread, Fruit, 
¢ Custards, &c, without odor. Fits 
any size stove, coal, wood, oil or gas. 
Having‘ iron base, it is better and 
cheaper than a tin cooker, We send 
one Cooker free with Agent's first 
order. Enclose two cent stamp to The Hart- 
ford Hollow Ware Co.,, B. 673, Harttord, conn, 


SAND POE © 


«(COMPOUND OxyYGEN—Its MoGe of Action and 

Results.’”’—is the title of a book of 200 
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which 
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this 
remarkable curative agent, and a record of sur- 
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cases— 
many of them after being abandoned to die by 
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any 
address on applicatton. 


DRS.STARKEY & PALEN, 
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co,Cal. 


Please mention the OOLOGIST2. 


Light Roadster. Weight, 25 Ibs, 


All sizes and 


Manufacturers and Jobbers 
in Arms, Bicycles, Sports 
ing Goods. 


AGENTS WANTED — Write for terms. 


THE OOLOGIST. 293 — 


ANARW 
BARGAIN LIST. 


iT have just issued a new 8 page folder. full of 
the best and most desirable of everything in 
my line. All who have not received it should 
send ATONCE. State if you are interested in 
Birds or Hggs at same time as I have many 
new things of special interest in these lines. 


93000 EGGS 
2500 BIRDSKINS 


The above is what ONE of my Southern Col- 
lectors with a corps of assistants secured dur- 
ing 94. This entire stock is being received dur- 
ing September and will be offered to collectors 
cheap. No such chance to get a complete series 
of typical Southern eggs has ever been pres- 
ented to American Ornitholog tists. Lists on 
application. Address, 


WALTER F. WEBB, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


New Standard Catalogue 


OF 
North Birds Feggs 


/\merican 
COMPILED BY 
FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Assisted by Capt. Chas. H. Bendire, 
J. Parker Norris, Esq., and 
the late Capt. B. F. Goss. 


It gives the Common and Scientific name of 
every North American Bird according to the 
A. ©. U. Nomenclature. It also gives the A. O, 
U. Numbers as well as those of both Coues’ and 
Ridgeway, and last but not least it gives the 
value of eggs of nearly every species. over one 
hundred of which never appeared on any print- 
ed list before. 

It is not a personal catalogue of any one 
Dealer or Collector, as there is not a Collector 
in the entire World who has or could furnish 
all the species whose values are given. and 
there is not a Dealer who could furnish over 
trom 50 to 75 per cent of the species priced. 

Price 35 cents per copy. 8 copies for $1.00. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N.Y. 


What Moves it 


One of Nature’s Wonders. 


THE JUMPING SEED 02 LIVIVG BEAN! 


Always Moving, Always Jumping, Always 
Dancing. 


The wonder of the Scientific World. 
ing to old and young. 


The ONLY ANIMATED VEGETABLE Known! 


A full description and explanation of this 
phenomenon accompanies each box. 


Price 25c. each, 3 for 50c. Postpaid. 


HK. VAN WINKLE, 
Vans Harbor, Mich. 


Interest- 


EDWARD W. CURRIER, 


120 Sutter St., Room 17. 
an Francisco, Cal. 
Taxidermist and dealer in Birds Eyes, Taxid- 
ermist supplies etc. Skins and eggs of Cali- 
fornia Birds. also Cal. curiosities. Correspon- 


dence solicited. 
STONE 


INDIAN RELICS! 


On approval by mail. Give reference. A few 
cents expense t) see a variety from many States 
I py postage one way on arrow and spear 
points) LarGEsSr Stock, LARGEST VARIETY, 
AND FINEST IN THE West. Buckskin Relics, 
Weapons. Minerals. Fossils, Shells, Agates, 
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp. 
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES- 
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, S. D. 


POEM eh ea Of all kinds for Naturalists a 
PRINTING speciality. Note and _ letter 
heads, envelopes. circulars. illustrated cata- 


logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. [00 envelopes print- 
ed. 45c. noteheads same price. postpaid. C. F, 
CARR, Job Printer. New London. Wis. tf 


“MErHODS IN THE ART OF TAXIDERMY” by 
Davie, Costs $10 cash per copy and is well worth 
the money. Ihave afew Copies which I will 
entertain good offers on the bussis of # cash 
and % exchange. Ifvou have % cash and $5 
worth of almost anything (no trash) desirable. 
to give fora copy, I shall be pleased to hear 
from you atonce FRANK H. LATTIN, Al- 
bion, N. Y¥. 


FOR SALH.—Minerals, Fossils. Curios, In- 
dian Relics, Choice Polished Shells from Wis- 
econsin rivers. Mazon Creek Fossil Plants and 
Insects. The finest collection of Polished Coral 
inthis country. Beautiful Fossil Fish.Cameos, 
Gems. Stones, ete. GEO. WILKINSON. Mor- 
ToS LENG Jy3t. 


Wondertiil w7rarte, seweter, 


Reece _Y., will pring. 
MOUNTED BIRDS. 


Only 50 cents each, postpaid. 


W. Wood Pewee, Ark. Goldfinch. Oregom 
Junco, Samuel’s Song Spar., Lazuli Bunting, 
Savanna Sparrow, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, In- 
termediate Sparrow, Calif. Purple Finch, Gold- 
en-crowned Sparrow, Audubon’s Warbler, Ore- 
gon Towhee. Address, #1. T. CORLESS, Los 
Gatos, Calif. 


TAXIBERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons? 


Pistols, Gun Cases. Shooting Shot Shells; also 


vets SPECIMEN HUNTERS. 


tridges for 


All Kinds. all prices trom $ .)) to $25.00. List 
free. Write for Taxidermist's free list. 
JAMES H. JOHNSTON, 


PITTSBURG, PA. 


H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY, 
COLLECTORS, RALEIGH, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol. Fulldata. Send stamp for price lists. 


294 THE OOLOGIST. 


NEDA AER ea TS 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Oonocisr visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is located on Halls street, only a fe ~ steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—-and ce-upies a new 


three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to buila and fill— 


Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. It is a well known fact the 
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarters for 


EVERYTHING in the Curio, SPECIMEN, NoveLty or SouvENIR line pertain-. 


ing to Niagara. 


V\VHY NOT MAKE ~ 


an Exhibit at Your Fair @ 


Don’t you think it would pay you to obtain a stocx of say, anywhere from £10 
to $100 worth of Shells, Agates and Curios to add a variety to your present collec- 
tion, and make an exhibit at your own and neighboring Fairs this Fall? 


THERE’S $ S INIT! 


At a good Fair, with a suitable display you could sell from $10 to $100 per day, 
upon which there would be a GOOD BIG profit. 

Now we will have lots of just such material on hand at Chautauqua, and will 
have at Detroit, Springfield and St. Louis, that will remain unsold. Rather than 
ship back home, will sell at very low rates. It may not be convenient for you to 
personally make your selections at any of the above places, but if you will send the 
amount you wish to invest and give me an inkling of about what you want, I will 
personally and judiciously make a selection that I will guarantee to give you big 
satisfaction in every particular and will make the prices to you lower than you 
could possibly duplicate elsewhere. 

Remember I also carry a full line of Agate, Spar, Pyrites and Shell Jewelry 
and Novelties. Write what you want. 

Faithfully, 


Albion, N. Y. FRANK H. LATTIN, 


4 


THE OOLOGIST 295 


aii 


ar lis 
re 


— 5 


2 ead 
— eae 


SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS. 


With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is proposed to take 
the lead in furnishing systematic collections for teaching MINERALOGY, GEO- 
LOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools and Colleges. Individual Specimens also fur- 
nished. Catalogue sent on recipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps. 


RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS. 


Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describing Grand 
Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius, 
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Etc., Etc. Also model of the whole Unit- 
ed States, with adjoining ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture. Many of 
these made especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for the 
Palestine Exploration Fund, Now ready. 


LANTERN SLIDES. 


‘ Series of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical Geography, 
tee 


METEORITES. 
A good price paid for met2orites of all kinds. New and undescribed ones es- 
pecially desired. An extra price paid for the entire ‘‘find” or “fall.” Meteorites 


also cut, polished and etched. 


WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS. 


Minerals, Rocks and Invertebrate Animals. 


These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences with teachers and 
experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey and U. S. National Museum. 
have just been introduced into the schools of Washington, and will be known as 
the Washington School Collections. 

It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence have ever before been 
offered in this country at so low a price ($2 each.) Send for circular. 


WASHINGTON SOUVENIR COLLECTION. 


A collection of 20 specimens in separate trays in handsome cloth covered box 
showing the principal building and ornamental stones used in the Public Build- 
ings of Washington. Price 75 cts. Will be sent postpaid to any address for $1.00. 

EDWIN E. HOWELL, 
612 17th St., N. W., Washington, D.C. 


296 THE OOLOGIST. 


A Positive Rust Preventative and Lubricant. 


FOR GUNS- REVOLVERS “RIFLES 
AD ALL METALS Z 


STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL. 


Imitators claim something ‘just as good,” thereby admitting the superiority of 
Gunoleum. 

Unscrupulous Dealers may offer you an article said to be ‘‘just as good”. 
(Because it affords them a better profit.) 


BE HONEST, AND REFUSE ap 


A Light Coat of GUNOLEUM on an Unprotected Metalic Surface will prevent 
it from Rust, Pits, Tarnish or Corrosion, and preserves its finish. 


FOR 
BICYCLES, TYPEWRITERS, CAMP KITS, SURGICAL, 
REVOLVERS, LAWN MOWERS, BRASS, EMBALMING 
PISTOLS, FINE MACHINERY, COPPER, AND DENTAL 
SHOT GUNS, GUN LOCKS, STEEL, INSTRUM TS. 


Any reliable dealer who may not have Gunoleum, will procure it promptly 
for anyone who wishes it. 


SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 lb.can 
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 lb. can 75c. and 5 Ib. can $3.00. 


Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.” 


MANUFACTURED BY 


THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO., 
BAY SHORE, L. I, N. Y., U. S. A. 


- 12 cts. 


ZAS Monthly. 


VOI MIE NO. 10: 


EEA RRA RI RI Ras 
\ 


02060000000 0enonoonenermeneecemsooosoensouaceoeowenuoee Bab aoonuaeaneO gs 


= ue 
\ i < 
=. h os 
12 c 200 
~ “Dey, 
nd S eo, 
~ a veel 
. %. 


SLY O1( ee 


ALBION, N. ¥., OCT., 1894. 


08% 


nanaes- : 


& 


) 80, 
50c. per Year. aN 


WHOLE No. 108 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘*Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50c per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


‘‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and ‘‘ixchanges’’ only 


and according to conditions stated thereon. 


FOSSIL SHELLS.—Fine specimens 10, 15 
and 20 ets or will exchange same for Indian 
relics, fossils or minerals. WM. A. WELLS, 
Seneca, Kansas. 


STAMPS! 100 fine varieties foreign stamps 
including Argentine, Mexico, etc, postpaid for 
Send for sheets at 50 per cent. discount. 
H. W. DRAKE, Lexington, Va. 


TO EXCHANGE,.—Ridgeway’s Manual, good 
as new, for Coues’ Key, latést edition. C. M. 
SLAYTON, Grattan, Kent Co., Mich. 


ONE NEW imported double-barreled, and 
one single-barrelled shot gun, to exchange for 
offers. High grade bicycle for cash. W. 5S. 
JOHNSON, Boonville, N. Y. 


HAVE to exchange sets of 3and 4 with data 
of Traill’s Flycatcher to exchange for any 
Terns eggs in sets with data. HAROLD HOL- 
LAND, Box 515, Galesburg, Ill. 


“CACHE” of Flint Scrapers, plowed up in a 
field, consisting of Red and Grey Flint. Nice 
Specimens, Supply limited. 3 postpaid for 25c. 
Address, HARRY MAPEL,Columbus Grove,O. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Sets of following for 
other common sets A.O. U. Nos. 289, 406, 477, 
498, 563, 593, 610. 616, 622, 703, 704, 705, BE. S. 
CHAS. R. STOCKARD, Columbus, Miss. 


£ SOLICIT correspondence from all parts of 
the U. S. concerning the Violacew. Iam making 
them a special study and gladly receive notes 
on the plants. ARCHIE A. BELL, Geneva, O. 


GRAPEVINHES, Strawberry, Roses, Shrubs, 
Bulbs, Batty’s Taxidermy, Artistic Anatomy, 
Rubber printing press, Large atlas, Mechani- 
cal Telephones, Razors, Clippers, Strops, Flut- 
ing machine, etc. for skins, any kind. J. J. 
WIRZ, Taxidermist, Augusta, Ga. 


TO EXCHANGE.—-A. O. U. Nos. 2121-8, 273 
1-3, 263 1-3, 483 1-2 n, 387 1-3, 4611-3n, 5291-5n, 
581 1-4, 587 1-3, 501b 1-5, 412 1-6, 511 1-4, 498 1-38, 630 
1-5 1-5 n, 624 1-3, 674 1-5, 681 1-5, 676 1-8, 735a 1-7, 
75d 1-4, 767 1-3 and skins of 149 211, 880, 546, 636, 
661, 673, 697 and 729 for eggs in sets with data. 
ARTHUR W. BROCKWAY, Lyme, Conn. 


FOR BEST cash offer. Small six light dy- 
namo, cost ten dollars, fine condition. Star 
safety razor, been used but once, cost three 
and half. C. H. AGAR, 45 Putnam Ave., 
Brooklyn, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGH.—Tulips, Hyacinths, 
Crocus, etc. for choice minerals, curios, shells, 
corals, etc. Give list you have. Address, 
GEO. B. REMSEN, Floral Park, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A collection of stamps, 
Will sell it or exchange for best offer in A. No.1 
birds eggs. SIDNEY MANN, 156 So. Main St., 
Canton, Ill., - 


CHEAP for Cash. Fine double barrel breech 
loading shot gun. Bought last Spring from 
Simmons’ Hardware Co., cost $30. Guaranteed 
to be in fine condition. W ill seilfor $20. For 
further particulars address, F. C. ELLIOT, 
Tallahassee, Fla. 


TAXIDERMISTS GUIDE, 12 mo. illustrated 
Only 100 copies. Collecting, mounting and pre- 
serving animals, birds, fishes, reptiles and in- 
sects fully explained, also contains fourteen 
valuable receipts. Best bargain ever offered, 
20 cts, A.D, AKIN, Carlson, Fla. 


HIMILAYAN Rabbits, Guinea Pigs, Ferrets. 
Will sell cheap or exchange. Want anything 
useful. Books, especially on Natural History. 
Natural History specimens. etc. Fine pair 
rabbits for good copy Hornaday’s Taxidermy. 
Please make offer. ORY L. FOSTER, Tipton, 
Indiana. 


FOR SALE or EXCHANGE.—My collection 
of eggs in sets. First class condition guaran- 
teed. Willsell cheap for cash or exchange for 
skulls in good condition,printlng, stationery or 
anything else you have thatI can use. Send 
list of what you have. Nopostals noticed. O. 
BE. CROOKER, 614 Langdon St., Madison, Wis. 


Please discontinue that exchange notice. TL 
have more than I can doin amonth in answering 
and filling exchanges and orders already vre- 
ceived and I think my stock will be exhausted 
anyway. LIhad a stock of nearly 3,000 eggs. How 
is that? Ed. Van Winkle, Vans Harbor, Mich.- 


298 


“FOR EXCHANG'.- 110 mounted birds for 
other mounted birds not in my collection. 
Southern and Western preferred. Write what 
you have. J. Rothlisberger, Braceville, Ill. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Native Missouri woods 
(about 150 species) collected by B. F. Bush, for 
books on Ornithology, Oology or Mammialogy. 
CHAS, S. TINDALL, Independence, Mo. ° 


WANTED.—Second hand, Coues’ Key of 
North American Birds or Ridgway’s Manual. 
Will pay Cash for best offer. JAMES PETER- 
SON, Box 105, Scandinavia, Wis. 


COLLECTORS! Ihave Buffalo horns, U. S. 
stamps, tobacco tags, fine sets and singles with 
full data and beautiful specimens of round 
cacti for sale or exchange. H. L. HE \TON, 
Oberlin, Kansas. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


BARGAINS in Minerals. Having entirely 
overhauled my stock, added many new kinds, 
and employed professional mineralogist I can 
and will selllower than any one else. W.F. 
WEBB, Albion, N. Y. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—An immense Elk head 
(ready for mounting). Splendid seven-point 
horns, each fifty-six inches long. Skin, dry. 
J.O. SNYDER, Waterloo, Ind. 


ONE Great Horned Owl, alive, 150 copies of 
Scientific American, will exchange for best of- 
fer in Taxidermist supplies or Coues’ Key to 
N. A. Birds. W.J.STULUL, Coalport Pa. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Leach’s Petrel in sets, 
also Ist class skins A. O. U. 76c, 759b, 608, 611a, 
595, 585, 581, 559, 534, 528, 456, 256, 274, 420. H. T. 
VAN OSTRAND, Millbury, Mass. 


EGGS, Indian relics and fossils wanted. Will 
give printing press, Weeden engine, Vol. VII 
OoLoeistT, 1200 post marks, collection 500 
stamps, botanical specimens, books or cash. 
Send lists. Will give hand stamp with name 
es 3 arrow points. GEO. A. RODMAN, King- 
ston, R. J. 


WRENS WANTED.—First-class skins with 
full data. I can offer fine S. Cal. sets with 
nests and complete data; also some nice skins, 
such as 379a, 397,408, 418b, 656, 665, 710, 742, 763, 
ete. Nomatter what species you have, write 
stating sex and plumage. Persons having 
skins of the rarer Wrens, will receive special 
offers. <Allletters answered. JOSEPH GRIN- 
NELL, Pasadena, Cal. 


FOR SALE CHEAP.—I am selling out my 
collection of sets cheap. Some fine sets of 
Eagle, Hawks, Owls and water birds very cheap 
Special Rates to those wanting large number 
of sets. R. H. ROBERTSON, East Los An- 
geles, Cal, 


WATCH for my Christmas offer of eggs next 


month. If you want eggs now send for my 
special October Bulletin. W. F. WEBB, AI- 
bion, N. Y. 


CALIF’. eggs to exchange for eggs not in my 
collection. Many common eggs wanted, but 
Water birds desired. Iwill also sell them at 
7% Cat. rates. LEE CHAMBERS, 1215 Buena 
Vista St., Los Angeles, Calif. 


I WILL give fine sets with data or first-class 
Skins in exchange for 12 bore B. L. shot gun in 
good order. G. F. DIPPIE, 324 George St., 
Toronto, Ont. 


FIRST CLASS singles and back numbers of 
OoLoGIst from Noy., 1890 to date excepting 
numbers 4 and 12, Vol. 8 to exchange for com- 
ae skins. WM.1I. ROLFE, San Bernardino, 

alif. 


SET Chambers’ Encyclopedia 8 vol. (cost 
$16.50), Wood’s Natural History (cost $3.00), col- 
lection of eggs and minerals to exchange for 
Stamps, U. S. prefered. Send list. ©. W. 
SEARS, Delaware, Ohio. 


WHITE IBIS Eggs in fine sets, 3 each with 
data, 75ec prepaid. W.F. WEBB, Albion, N. Y. 


BARGAINS.—Those who want some rare 
eggs at one-sixth regular prices had better 
send for my list of second class specimens, 
here are afew, 1 have others as cheap. I have 
also a lot of rare 1st class singles cheap to close 
them out. Golden Eagle, $1; Skua, 25¢e; Ice- 
land Gull, 25; Avocets, 10; Gadwall, 15; Pintail, 
i0; Lesser Scaup. 15; Marsh Harrier, 10; Rock 
Ptarmigan, 15; Pigeon Hawk, 50; American 
Goshawk, 50. Orders less than $1 not wanted. 
W. RAINE, Bleeker St., Toronto, Ont. 


ANNOUNCMENT Extraordinary! Readers 
of the OOLOGIST will be pleased to see for the 
first time a good half-tone portrait of Editor 
Frank H. Lattin, which appears, together with 
a reminiscent, biographical sketch by H. R. 
Taylor, in the September number of the Widiol- 
ogist. The price for a “‘sample copy” has been 
invariably 10c, but out of compliment to the 
readers of the OoLoarstT, who all want ‘‘Lat- 
tin’s”’ picture, we will send a copy of this num- 
ber for 5 cents, cash or stamps. Other features 
and illustrations ‘‘above par.’? Write at once. 
THE NIDIOLOGIST, Alameda, California. 


“EK. 1. C.”’ Standard Datas, bound.in books of 
100, with detachable stubs, 30e per book. Will 
exchange for desirable eggs. Send lists and 
receive data samples. KERR, IRONS & CO., - 
Council Bluffs, lowa. 


25 GOOD Stamps given for every perfect ar- 
row head, or 35 stamps for every spear head 
with locality given, sent me. EK. MORGAN 
CONGDON, Ripon, Wis. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Football suit, Winchester 
44 model 1873 rifle and °93 Slocum Tennis Rack- 
et. Eggs wanied. Write for particulaas. W. 
B. JUDSON, 531 Eldorado St., Pasadena, Cal. 


NOTICH.—I have agood many Natural His- 
tory specimens and curios to exchange for 
others. Send stamp for list. W.H. HILLER, 
147 W. 23d St., Los Angeles, Calif. 


WOOD ENGRAVING TOOLS for exchange. 
Amateur’s complete outfit. For particulars 
address, B. H. DOUGLASS Burlington, Kans. 


My ady.in your OOLOGIST brought me af least 
175 letters and a profit of $25last season. R.W. 
WILLIAMS, JR.. Tallahassee, Fla. : 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I have some first 
class sets of Common eggs to exchange for a 
Steven's 22 cal. rifle in good condition, or for 
eggs of other localities. W. LOU HART, 116 
Lincoln Ave., Canton, Ohio. 


TO EXCHANGE.—One good Colt’s lightning 
repeating rifle 22 cal., for best offers in Eggs 
not in my collection. Send lists of Eggs that 
you have. Correspondence solicited. Address 
JOHN W. DANIEL, JR., Lynchburg, Va, 
NOTIC My ad. about the new maga- 

zine, The Museum. Send 
$1.00 bill at once and take advantage of offer 


which will never appear again. W. F. WEBB, 
Albion, N. Y. : 
? 


THE OOLOGIST 299 


To My Old Friends and Patrons, 


I wish to call your special attention to the enclosed leaflet. It 
may and it may not prove of interest to you, IF NOT, I’m sure you 
have some Friend or Neighbor whom it might and who would feel 
fully as grateful as the undersigned, should you call his or her atten- 
tion to its contents. 

You are undoubtly aware that the partnership which existed dur- 
ing the past year between Mr. Webb and myself, has been dissolved 
(I've been too busy to inform you personally earlier) and that I am 
once more ‘‘going it alone” at the ‘‘old stand.” 

I also retain all of my former able assistants, and still have the 
largest stock and most varied assortment of Shells, Specimens, Ma- 
rine and other Curios, &c, in America. In fact, I-have over $10, 000 
tied up in Specimens and Fair and Resort Goods which I wish to 
‘‘untie” as soon as possible. 

Any assistance that you can render me in that undertaking, in the 
shape of an order (anywhere from 5 cents to $100) will be most 
thankfully received. 

Trusting I shall have the pleasure of hearing from you at your 
earliest convenience, I remain, as ever, 

Faithfully, 
BRANK GE TeAIMeUN: 


FAPLANATO RY 6 ‘The above is the substance 

® ofa circular-letter which | 
mailed a few of my friends in States where I made exhibits this. Fal] 
with the same I enclosed a circular composed of my announcements 
on pages 290 and 294 in September Ootocist. Thinking it may be 
of interest to you I print the same in full. 

I might also add that I have settled down for strictly business pur- 
poses for the next few months, at least, and can assure my patrons 
that any commission however small they may see fit to favor me 
with will receive honest, careful, ‘‘faithful” and last but not least my 
PERSONAL attention. 


Albion, N. Y., Oct. 10, 1894. _ FRANK H. LATTIN. 


300 


Dissolution Notice. 


Notice is hereby given that the part- 
nership lately existing between Frank 
H. Lattin and Walter F. Webb under 
the firm name of F. H. Lattin & Co.. 
was dissolved on the 3ist day of July, 
A. D., 1894, by mutual consent. 

FrRANK H. LATTIN. 
WALTER F. WEBB. 


Yourletters must 
Im ortant: never be address- 
a edvto) Hevie, Wait- 
tin and & Co., but to either Frank H. 
LATTIN or WALTER F. Webb, which 
ever you may wish to receive the same. 
All matters pertaining to the OoLoGIstT 
must be addressed ‘‘LATTIN”. By heed- 
ing this ‘‘pointer” you may Save both 
yourself and the party you may wish 
your letter to reach both delay and 
possible unpleasantness. 


“RCLIPSE” CURIOSITY CABINET. 


Contains Chinese Poker Chips, Chinese Napkin, 
Chinese Lottery Tickets, Star-fish, Giant Tree 
Bark Cal., Red Sea Bean, Alligator Tooth, 3 
Yellow Wax Shells, Marine Algs#, Gypsum 
Crystals, Bloody Tooth Shell, Chinese Cash 
Coin. Flexible Coral, 3 Boat Shells, Egg of Peri- 
winkle, Drab Sea Bean, Sunflower Coral, 3 
Money Cowry Shells and Fossil Crinoid. All 
labeled and in partitioned box exactly like cut. 
Sent postpaid for 25 cents. Chinese chopsticks 
1 ft. long 10¢ pair, 4 Chinese coins 10c, 4 perfect 
Arrow heads 25¢c. No catalogue. 


R.E. BARTLETT, 
99 STATE ST., ROCKFORD, ILLS. 


TAXIDERMISTS? GUNS, ‘cons? 


Pistols, Gun Cases, Shooting Shot Shells; also 


Shot Car SPECIMEN HUNTERS, 


tridges for ‘ | . 

All Kinds, all prices from $1.09 to $25.00.° List 

free. Write for Taxidermist’s free list. 
JAMES H. JOHNSTON, 


PITTSBURG, PA, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


STONE 


INDIAN RELICS! 


On approval by mail. Give reference. A few 
cents expense to See a variety from Many States 
I pay postage One Way on arrow and spear 
points. LARGEST STock, LARGEST VARIETY, 
AND FINEST IN THE WEST. Buckskin Relics, 
Weapons, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Agates, 
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp. 
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES- 
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, 8S. D. 

Of all kinds for Naturalists a 


PRINTIN speciality. Note and letter 


heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C. F. 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


What Moves It 


One of Nature’s Wonders. 


THE JUMPING SEED 02 LIVING BEAN! 


Always Moving, Always Jumping, Always 
Dancing. 


~ The wonder of the Scientific World. Interest- 


ing to old and young. 


The ONLY ANIMATED VEGETABLE Known! 


A full description and explanation of this 
phenomenon accompanies each box. 


Price 25c. each, 3 for 50c. Postpaid. 


E. VAN WINKL#, 
‘ Vans Harbor, Mich. 


SRND POR IT! 


‘(COMPOUND OxYGEN—Its Mode of Action and 

Results.”°—is the title of a book of 200 
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which 
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this 
remarkable curative agent, and a record of sur- 
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cases— 
many of them after being abandoned to die by 
other physicians. Willbe mailed free to any 
address on applicatton. 


DRS. STARKEY & PALEN, 
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co,Cal. 
Please mention the OOLOGIST. 


STEAM COOKER FREE! 
The Triumph Cooker with lock 
? cover, will cook Meats, Fish. Veget- 
iy ables, Beans, Brown Bread, Fruit, 
} Custards, &c, without odor. Fits 
any size stove. coal, wood, oil or gas. 
Having! iron base, it is better and 
cheaper than a tin cooker, We send 
one Cocker free with Agent's first 
order. Enclose two cent stamp to The Hart- 
ford Hollow Ware Co., B. 673, Hartford, Conn. 


H.H. &C.S. BRIMLEY, 
COLLECTORS, RALEIGH, N.C. 


First-class Bird and Mammal Skins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in al- 
cohol, Fulldata. Send stamp for price lists, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. NO. 10. 


A Study of Nests. 

In taking up the study of nests, let us 
consider them first as regards their 
construction, second as regards their 
position. 

The materials of a nest, as viewed 
from the cabinet specimen only, will in 
a great many cases show from what lo- 
cation it was taken. For example, a 
nest of the Baltimore Oriole, in my pos- 
session, Which was taken by the road- 
side very near the heart of the town, is 
composed exteriorily of white twine, 
yarn and afew red and blue threads, 
the lining a quantity of horse hair, a 
chicken feather or two, and a few strips 
of grape vine bark from a yard close 
by. It will be seen that all these mate- 
rials could have been procurred in the 
immediate vicinity of the nest, about 
the houses and streets. A nest taken 
on the outskirts of the woods, however, 
was composed almost entirely of fine 
fibres of milk weed bark, lined with 
one or two fine black rootlets, and a 
small piece of thread, all of which 
could have been procurred near the 
nest. Those nests of the Robin, built 
near civilization, almost invariably 
contain some bit of cloth or paper, 
while those built ‘“‘far from the haunts 
of man’’ are usually cemposed of grass, 
weed stalks and mud. The nests of the 
Yellow and Black-billed Cuckoos, built 
early in the season, near oaks and 
willows, almost invariably have more 
or less of the catkins of either or both 
those trees among their materials, those 
built later in the season lacking them. 
One nest of the Yellow-billed Cuckoo 
found after the leaves had fallen, con- 
tained a piece of newspaper on which 
apart of the famous Borden murder 
trial could be plainly deciphered, and 
as the date August 4th was referred to 


ALBION, N.Y., OCT., 1894. 


VHOLE No. 108 


and as afew days at least must have 
passed between that date and the print- 
ing and destroying of the paper and 
this piece being found by the bird, it is 
safe to say that the nest must have been 
begun during the second week of Aug- 
ust, which is rather late nesting for this 
locality, though probably the pair had 
had their nest destroyed earlier in the 
season, for ‘‘the malicious urchin” is 
quite prevalent here. It has been my 
experience that the nests of the Black- 
billed Cuckoo are always better built 
than those of the Yellow-billed species, 
some nests of the former being almost 
as good as a rather flimsy Catbird’s 
nest, while those of the latter are often 
merely a platform of twigs and a few 
dry leaves laid loosely together. _ The 
latter species also I have noticed will 
lay its eggs before the nest is quite 
done, furnishing it after the eggs have 
been deposited. 

As a final illustration of the point in 
hand, I take the following from my 
note book: May 26th. In two separate 
patches of small hazel bushes about a 
quarter of a mile apart, I found two 
Chestnut-sided Warblers’ nests and one 
peculiar thing was noticeable in each. 
The first nest was not far from a much 
travelled road, and the inside was 
thickty lined with horse hair, which 
must have been gathered from the road. 
The second nest, however was over a 
quarter of a mile from this road, but 
was not very far from a road through 
the woods. which was not near so much 
used, and this nest had only about one- 
third the amount of hair in it that the 
first nest had, thus showing how the 
material of the nests was gathered near 
its situation.”” And so in the case of 
several other common birds as the Red- 
winged Blackbird, Wood Thrush, Chip- 
ping Sparrow, Least Flycatcher, Red- 


302 THE OOLOGIST. 


eyed Vireo, Maryland Yellow-throat 
and others, the materials of the nest 
will often indicate as before sta’ed the 
kind of place from which it came. But 
though in the foregoing birds the ma- 
terials often vary according to locality, 
some birds will keep strictly to one or 
more materials which they seem to 
think necessary, always putting them 
in even though the other materials vary 
considerably. The Yellow Warbler has 
such preference, in this locality for the 
buff-colored wool found on the unfold- 
ing ponds of the Marsh spleenwort (As- 
plenium thelypteroides) and out of fif- 
teen nests examined only four lacked 
this mate7ial, and in one ease, at least 
the bird must have gone half a mile for 
it. Nests of the Yellow-throated Vireo, 
-always, so far as my experience has 
shown, have more or less of the green 
lichens which grow on the bark of trees} 
or on old fences, on the outside of them, 
and sometimes the whole outside of the 
nest is covered, and at other times only 
a part ofit. The bird’s method of pro- 
curring these lichens is as follows: 
Having selected a suitable piece the 
builder will seize it in her bill and then 
make as if to fly off with it, but as it 
holds onto the bark rather hard, all she 
can do is to hang on to it with her bill 
and flutter and pull till at last it comes 
off, when it is carried to the nest and 
bound on with caterpillar silk. The 
Catbirds in this locality stick tenacious- 
ly to certain materials for their nests, 
namely between the outer part of the 
nest and the lining I find a layer of 
large bark strips, and in all but two out 
of twenty-eight cases, the lining is en- 
tirely of fine black rootlets. These two 
had a small quantity of horse hair 
mixed in with the rootlets which was 
probably procurred in the pasture 
where the nests and also several horses 
were. 
The nest of a bird will often show the 
builder’s ingenuity in overcoming some 
difficulty, as in the case of an Oriole’s 


nest, Where a string was woven into the 
nest at one side,and then carried up to a 
higher twig thus keeping it from closing 
up, as it would otherwise have done, so 
that the parent bird could not get in. 
The nests of the Red-winged Blackbirds, 
whether built in the reeds, or the 
bushes, in a marsh, in this locality, al- 
ways have a thick layer of rushes or 
mud between the lining and the outer 
part of the structure. The purpose of 
this layer of mud or rushes, is not evi- 
dent except in those nests built in the 
long grass, and in those thus placed, 
being only a couple of inches or so 
from the water, these outer materials 
and the layer of rushes or mud is soaked 
through, but the water never gets be- 
yond this layer, which keeps the lining 
and the eggs perfectly dry. This fact 
leads me to ask this question: Why do 
the Robins, Wood Thrush and Purple 
Grackles always put a layer of mud _ be- 
tween the lining and outer materials of 
their nests? It is evident that the Barn 
Swallow and the Pheebe use it to secure 
their nests to the beam or bridge res- 
pectively, but in the case of the birds 
before mentioned, I can see no need of 
it though it is alwayspresent. It might 
be barely possible that the three species 
may have, at some time, many years 
ago, nested on the ground in wet places 
and thus learned to use the mud layer, 
but for some reason changed their nest- 
ing places to trees and ‘bushes, as the 
Red-winged Blackbird often is seen to 
do now, but if any of the readers of this 
should have another opinion on the sub- 
ject, I would consider ita favor if they 
would let me know what they think. 
While in New Hamisphere this sum- 
mer, I found a large colony of between 
three and four hundred Bank Swallows 
nesting in a high sandbank by the Con- 
necticut river. One day, while there, a 
very heavy rain came up, and after it 
had cleared off I went down to the 
bank, and instead of finding that the 
burrows had been injured, I was sur- 


THE OOLOGIST. 308 


prised to see that not one of them was 
wet in the least. The cause of this I 
found was that the overhanging top of 
the bank protected a certain area from 
storms, and not a single nest was built 
beyond this area, though they followed 
it along the boundary line, but did not 
pass the latter. It would seem that the 
birds had found all this out, either by 
experience in former years or by watch- 
ing the bank carefully A small part 
of the colony was photographed, where 
-about seventy nests were dug in a space 
a little over a rod long. 

t might be well to speak here of 
double nests, that is two separate nests 
being built by one pair of birds. A 
pair of Chipping Sparrows once built 
two such nests in one of our pear trees 
and about two feet apart. They carri- 
ed material first to one and then to the 
other of the nests, till at last one was se- 
lected and finished the other being 
abandoned. In the Boston Museum of 
Natural History, there isa nest of the 
Red-eyed Vireo, so doubled, in this case 
however, the two nests are slung like 
‘saddle bags over asmall twig, having 
a common top between them. ‘The 
probable reason for building two nests, 
may be to see which is the better adapt- 
ed to the builder’s purpose, or perhaps 
in cases where both are complete the 
male may occupy one at night, but I 
can find no satisfactory proof of this. 
An extra amount of energy may also be 
accountable for this freak. 

The Kingfishers almost invariably 
starts several holes and finally choose 
one, leaving the others in various 
stages of completion. The Kingfisher’s 
method of building is very pecu- 
liar. Both birds take up positions on 
different perches near the bank in 
which the nest if to be dug. As far as 
I have observed, one bird, presumably 
the female, does most of the work, and 
at intervals of about a minute, will 
leave its perch, and flying to the sel- 
ected spot in the bank, hover before it 


a second, then dive at it with much 
force, striking it with its heavy bill, dis- 
lodging a small quan‘ity of sand, when 
it again backs off and hovers for a _ sec- 
ond before it dives at it again, after 
which it returns to its perch once more. 
After several mornings work in this 
manner, for the birds do it leisurly, and 
work almost wholly in the early part of 
the day or sometimes a little before sun- 
set,the hole is in far enough to admit of 
the bird’s standing in the entrance to 
work, probably pecking with its bill 
though I have never been able to ap- 
proach near enough to determine exact- 
ly. The chief worker is helped at inter- 
vals by the other bird, though I have 
often seen the later work on a separate 
hole, and sometimes giving each hole 
one or two pecks before returning to its 
perch. This method of working is of 
course the only practicable one for such 
large birds, or they might cling to the 
bank and peck as the Bank Swallows 
are said to do. 


POSITION. 


The position cf a nest is usually se- 
lected wlth more or less reference to the 
nest’s concealment. The Mniotiltide, 
especially, as a family are very adept at 
hiding away their nests, those built: on 
the ground being hardest to find, as 
they are tucked away out of sight in 
some clump of weeds or under a fallen 
bough. Indeed, about the only way to 
find these nests is to watch the birds 
while they are building, for as many 
authors have testified, a long time spent 
in searching is almost always unavail- 
ing, though one may know within a few 
fest where the hidden treasures are. 
Prof. Maynard says concerning the nest 
of the Pine-creeping Warbler (Dendreca 
rigorstt), ‘“They keep close watch of 
their homes, and when any one chances 
to approach them, will chirp loudly; 
but although the collector can thus as- 
certain when he is in the vicinity of a 
nest, he will find that the birds have 


304 THE OOLOGIST. 


been careful to place it in such a posi- 
tion that it cannot be seen from below, 


therefore it is exceedingly difficult to — 


diseover.’”’ 

The nests of the large birds, of course, 
can not be so well concealed as those 
of the smaller species, but in this local- 
ity, the Crows are quite skillful in hid- 
ing their large domiciles. It would 
seem as if the birds studied the trees in 
the wood where they are going to 
build, till they find one which has a 
place near the top where they can place 
their nests, so that it is impossible to 
see it from below, unless one stands in 
some particular spot and even then one 
is often in doubt as to whether or not 
that dark place is realy a nest or only 
shadow. ‘ 

But aside from concealment, a nest 
may be so placed that it can not be got 
at by collectors or other enemies. The 
nests of the Baltimore Oriole illustrate 
this very well, as in the large majority 
of cases they are built far out on the 
ends of small limbs at a considerable 

elevation from the ground, so as to be 
inaccessible to man. The deep purse 
shape of the nests also would prevent 
birds of prey from seizing the inmates, 
and the branches on which the nests are 
built are usually too small for a large 
bird to stand on, on one foot, as_ it 
would be compelled to do. Dr. C. C. 
Abbott calls attention to the fact, also, 
that the deep nests are built in places 
more remote from the habitations of 
man, than the shallow ones, on account 
of Hawks and Owls being afraid to ap- 
proach civilization, but this does not 
hold good in this locality. 

The nest of the Kingbird usually is 
built near the end of a horizontal limb, 
and is often inaccessible. One nest 


found a few summers ago was built at ~ 


the end of an alder limb which stretched 
out horizontally a few inches from and 
to the middle of a wide brook, where it 
could not have been reached unless one 
waded up to his waist. It is needless 


to add that the eggs were hatched and 
the young safely reared. 

It will be noticed that I have selected 
nests of common birds as examples in 
this paper, in order that. on account of 
the birds’ more general distribution, 
the reader may verify, or disprove, as 
birds vary much in different localities, 
what has here been stated. 

GLOVER M. ALLEN, 
Newton, Mass. 


An Oologist of Early Day. 


Mr. John V. Crone’s ‘‘Hash” in an 
old O6LoarsT calls to mind a collection 
of birds eggs I had when ten or twelve 
years old. Some of your readers may 
be interested to know how we used to 
collect eggs at that time. 

My father always strung his eggs on 
a piece of yarn and hung them above 
the fireplace, with a Crow’s egg—which 
he says was white in those days—in the 
middle, and the smaller eggs on each 
side down to a Wren’s or a _Humming- 
bird’s. The string had passed out of 
fashion before my day but sucha thing 
as a drill or blowpipe was unheard of. 
I suppose some of the big boys did use 
them, as the time I am speaking of 
wasn’t so very long ago, after all, but 
they were unheard of to us little fel- 
lows. We generally used a pin, but I 
have often made a hole in each end of 
an egg with a ‘‘pricker” from a haw- 
thorn bush and some boys used to break 
the shell on a sharp twig or a splinter 
fromm a rail fence. 

The boys usually kept the eggs in 
cigar boxes or even paper ones—though 
the mice were rather hard on these— 
and only the more progressive collect- 
ors used tin. A layer of sand, cotton 
or bran kept the eggs from rolling 
about. I knew one boy who had a fine 
tin box for his eggs. But he used bran 
and the bugs soon got to it and ate out 
the skin which lines the eggs so that 
they would fall to pieces if you looked 


THE OOLOGIST 


at them—almost. He thought he would 
get ahead of the bugs by “‘sterilizing” 
them, so he put the box into the oven 
for an hour or so. It “fixed” the bugs 
but it melted the solder and his nice 
box all fell to pieces. He used sand 
after that as the bugs were not attract- 
ed by it. 

I was once told that it was nonsense 
to blow eggs—they were just as good 
without—’twas a useless waste of 
breath. I happened to find a Red- 
winged Blackbird’s egg soon after and 
thinking I would try it put it away in 
my box without blowing. ‘The weather 
was pretty hot and I did not go there 
again for quite a while, but when I did 
* * # * There wasn’t any Blackbird’s 
egg or any other egg in that corner of 
the box. It must have exploded with 
tremendous force—comparatively—tor 
it had blown a hole in the sand full 
three inches across and thrown a Chip- 
pie’s egg that was near it against the 
side of the box so hard that it was 
cracked. 

Moral No. 1—Blow your eggs. Moral 
No. 2—Don’t believe everything you're 
told. 

We had never heard of the A. O. U. 
or Ridgway’s check list. so we had to 
do the next best thing—make one for 
ourselves. Each egg hada large num- 
ber wrltten on its side, and on the lid 
of the box was pasted the ‘‘key”’ to the 
collection. Data was never thought of 
at all and although we often took a 
complete set of eggs, three out of four 
were ‘traders’? and our regular col- 
lection was all singles. Our highest, 
authority was not the A. O. U. nor 
Coues’ Key but the one who had the 
most eggs. One hundred eggs was 
considered an immense collection. 

I give a list of my collection at that 
time from an old “key”, which will 
show what names we used for the com- 
mon birds. I have putin the A. O. U. 
numbers so that you may know to what 
the names refer. Hen. Runt egg. 


305 


Hen Hawk, 339. Yellow-hammer 412. 
Guinea Hen, Domestic. Turtle. 
Pigeon, te Meadowlark, 501. 
Crow, 488. Crow Black, 511. 
Yellow-billed Cucoo, 387. Robin, 761. 
Starling, 498. Bobolink, 494. 
Tree Starling, 498. Yellow Bird, 652. 
King Bird, 444. Bank Swallow, 616. 


English Robin, 595. Barn a 613. 
Blue Bird, 766. Chimney us 423. 
Cat soa OAs Eave 6 612. 
Lazy ‘* 495. Barn Phoebe, 456. 
Rotators Bridiaey xc 456. 
Grou’d‘‘ 581. Pree. ocss 467. 
Cherny ca alo: Swamp Wren, 725. 
Brown Thrush: 70a.) House > <%) 72a, 


Fire Hang, 507. Wild Canary, 529. 
English Sparrow. Chippy, 560. 

The ‘‘Starling” was a bird which 
built in bunches of dock, weeds, etc., 
while the ‘Tree Starling” was the 
same bird nesting ina tree. Some of 
the boys thought the latter a different 
kind of bird laying a larger egg. A few 
had Swamp Black’s eggs, the same thing 
again building in a swamp. I don’t 
know why the Grosbeak was ealled 
English Robin, probably on account of 
its red breast. -Certainly it is not likea 
Robin in any other way. The Lazy 
Bird was and is still so called because 
it is too lazy to make its own nest, and 
the Potato Bird was any bird that built 
in a hill of potatoes. Generally it was 
a Song Sparrow, but I have one egg, 
given me by a truthfni (?) ‘‘big boy,” 
which is totally different. It looks 
more to me like an Orchard Oriole’s 
but it was a treasure whon I first got it. 

The Cherry Bird was and is rather 
uncommon in our locality. The one I 
had then came from the home ofan . 
aunt in Massachusetts where they were 
nearly as common as the cherries they 
fed on. I have since found three nests 
at Wethersfield. 

There is a queer thing about the Eave 
Swallow—Cliff the A. O. U. has it. 
When my father was a boy every barn 
had its flask shaped nests under the 
eaves. On my grandfather’s they made 
such a mess that he had to knock the 
nests down. He broke them up in 
threo or four years but they used to 


306 THE OOLOGIST. 


breed in smaller numbers on the back 
of the cider mill where their droppings 
didn’t show so much. When I collect- 
ed they had all gone but three nests 
and those have been gone now these 
ten years. Now I don’t know of a nest 
in town. Some think them much thick- 
in the East than formerly, but they 
have behaved just the other way in this 
locality. 

We boys always thought that the 
Barn Phoebe and Bridge Phoebe were 
distinct varieties. The Barn Phoebe 
built a nest flat on a beam, merely a 
bunch of moss and a little mud, while 
the Bridge Pheebe’s establishment was 
a compact structure fastened to the 
perpendicular face of a stone pier or 
wooden bridge girder after the manner 
of the Barn Swallow. It had, neces- 
sarily; more mud and less moss than 
the barn nest and often lasted several 
years. A few had an egg they called 
a Shed Phoebe but that may be set 
down to a striving for more kinds to 
boast of and not to any real difference 
in the egg. 

When the, boys swallowed ‘Tree 
Starlings and Shed Pheebes so freely 
it seems queer that they wouldn’t be- 
lieve in theTree Pheebe but some didn’t. 
Only last spring a rising young collect- 
or wanted me to stand by him in say- 
ing that there was no such thing. 
Wasn’t it just the same as a Barn 
Phebe, he asked? 

I had never heard of a Flycatcher, 
except in books, until after I had col- 
lected quite a long time. 

It is easy to see that the bright yel- 


low of the Goldfinch caused it to be * 


called Canary, but we didn’t find the 
nests much they came so late in the 
season. There was always a good deal 
of confusion between this bird and the 
Yellow Warbler. I always supposed 
that the Goldfinch laid a spotted egg 
and the Warbler a blue one until I 
found the nests myself. 

I still have a majority of my old eggs, 


and though some are cracked and sonte: 

—like the ‘‘Potato Bird”—are ‘‘bogus”, 

I have afondness for thei above any 

I have for later acquisitions. 

After all school day ‘‘finds’’ like 

school day friends are the dearest. 
Henry R. Bucs, 
Wetherfield, Conn. 


+ <> 


Traill’s Flycatcher. 


The retiring disposition of this gentle 
spirited Flycatcher, and its lack of 
foreibility with which to attract atten- 
tion to its presence, as well as its re- 
semblance to several of its congeners, 
have prevented it from forming as wide. 
an acquaintance as its abundance war- 
rants. In this locality it is the most 
common Flyeateher though it is the 
least studied, owing to the more famil- 
iar habits of the other species. It is. 
known to boys who ramble along the 
hedges as the ‘“‘Pe-wee Flycatcher,” and 
it certainly resembles the Pewee in 
general coloration and in habits, ex- 
cept an excessive restlessness which 
not often allows it to retain a position 
favorable to careful examination by the 
observer. While the Pewee will return 
to the same perch repeatedly after dart- 
ing into the air to capture its prey,even 
when aware of observation, Traill’s. 
Flycatcher changes its base of opera- 
tions rapidly and: almost invariably 
stations itself so that there is foliage be- 
tween it and an observer. It has no. 
lofty aspirations, rarely perching above. 
the limits of the bushes and hedges it 
frequents, while the Pewee selects a 
dead branch of a tree, often quite high 
and:always exposed, for its point of 
reconnoiter. 

Untrimmed hedges of two to four 
seasons’ growth appear to be their fav- 
orite places of resortin the dry prairie 
regions as well as bushes bordering 
water courses and standing in meadows. 
and low situations, Places frequented 
by Bell’s and the White-eyed Vireos are 


THE OOLOGIST 


likely to be inhabited by the Flycatch- 
er. For the first few weeks after its ar- 
rival from the south it dallies among 
the foliage with its companions and de- 
votes its time to quiet courtship and 
the delights of love, enjoying some- 
thing similar to the honeymoon of 
more rational beings. If we ramble 
along a hedgerow at this season we 
shall hear it sporting with its mates, 
uttering a gentle gweect, perhaps fol- 
lowed by a low squeaky monologue or 
dialogue. Presently it will dart~into 
view pursued by a companion, a male 
pursuing afemale, both saying the soft 
but emphatic quweet, and then they will 
disappear in the foliage as quickly as 
they appeared. When over the hedge 
out of our sight, they will talk in a low, 
lisping chatter, readily suggestive of 
the first efforts of a child to blow his 
_ tin whistle, this being the nearest ap- 
proach to singing. Perhapsone of the 
birds will fly over and perch momentar- 
ily on a bare limb in a Pewee-like man- 
ner, moving away when he sees an in- 
truder. In the breeding season all this 
occurs near the nest; in fact it means 
that you are within a small radius from 
its home, from which neither male nor 
female seldom venture very far. 

Nests of Traill’s Flycatcher are sel- 
dom found in this locality before the 
second week of June. I have repeat- 
edly looked for them earlier without 
success. Hedges furnish the most fav- 
ored sites and the distance from the 
ground varies between three and ten 
feet, the higher sites being in higher 
hedges. Hazel, plum and alder bushes 
are to their taste, and among such 
bushes the nest is generally placed in 
an upright crotch. On July 30th I 
found a nest four feet fromthe ground 
in a wild plum bush. It was placed on 
a horizontal branch near the extremity 
_where twigs diverged from either side, 
forming a firm base of support. In 
hedges the nest is almost invariably set 
on a horizontal branch and oound to 


307 


one or more nearly upright twigs. I 
have never found a nest fastened 
around the branch on which it was. 
placed. In this season I have found 
and examined twenty-three nests of 
this species, all of which except two; 
one in a hedge and one in a plum bush, 
were on horizontal branches.  Fre- 
quently, however, nests are found on 
obliquely ascending branches at points 
where forking twigs afford places for- 
attachment, such situations being very 
similar to the usual nesting sites of the. 
Goldtinch. The highest nests in 
hedges are often set in regular crotches. 
Most of the nests are found between 
five and eight feet from the ground. 

There is little variation in the con- 
struction of nests. The materials are 
grayish vegetable bark fibers, dried 
stems of weeds, feathers and pieces of 
gossamer which are carried in large 
mouthfuls by the builders and there- 
fore the fabrication is not long in 
building. Without, the structure has 
no especial appearance of neatness, 
and resembles the work of the Gold- 
finch and the Yellow Warbler, though 
lacking the compactness of the nests. 
of those species and averaging rather 
larger. The cavity is finished more 
smoothly than the exterior, usually 
with fine dried grass and a few downy 
feathers. Nests I have examined range. 
between three and two and a half 
inches in diameter externally and from 
two and a half to two and one fourth. 
inches high sitting in position. The- 
cavity varies between two and two and 
one-fourth inches in width, and aver- 
ages one anda halfin depth. Among 
twenty-three nests four held four eggs. 
each, nine held three incubated eggs. 
each, four contained three fresh eggs. 
each and six contained three young 
each. 

J am convinced that only one brood 
is reared in the season in this locality 
as I have searched carefully for second: 
nests without success, no nest contain~ 


308 THE OOLOGIST. 


‘ing fresh eggs being found after June 
28. If the first nest and eggs should be 
taken or destroyed a second attempt at 
nidification will be made in the vicinity 
of the first site. The female is nota 
close sitter and from my observations 
is rarely surprised on the nest. On on- 
ly two of the above nests were the 
birds found sitting, and these two were 
approached at dusk after most birds 
had retired for the night; in fact it was 
so dark that the nests would have been 
passed had not the birds revealed them 
by their startled flight. When the nest 
is disturbed, the parent birds frequent- 
ly flit about in the foliage in the vicin- 
ity, protesting with their queet and oft- 
en betraying much solicitude. Usually 
however, they appear to take very lit- 
tle interest in the fate of their home 
and family. 
P.M SrILLoway, 
Virden, [1]. 


Notes From Audubon’s Biography. 
Part V. 


Ten years have now elapsed since the 
first number of the Illustrations of the 
Birds of America made its appearance. 
Audubon estimated at that time that it 
would take sixteen years to complete 
the work, and this was so announced 
in the prospectus which was issued and 
distributed over the country. His 
friends did not think there was a pos- 
sibility of his reaching the goal which 
his ambition had placed before him, 
and he was strongly urged by many 
of his friends to abandon the enterprise, 
dispose of his drawings, and return to 
his native country. Having made ar- 
rangements for meeting the first diffi- 
culties, Audubon turned his entire at- 
tention to the improvement of his 
drawings, and was at length pleased to 
note that they were steadily increasing 
in merit. He was pleased to note also 
that every engraving completed by Mr. 
Havell was better than its predecessor. 
His friends also complimented him on 


his more favorable prospects. _Num- 
ber after number appeared in regular 
succession, and after four years of anx- 
iety and hard work, he was presented 
by Mr. Havell with the First Volume of 
the Birds of America. Convinced that 
there had been no falling off in the en- 
graving of his plates, but rather a 
change for the better, he looked eager- 
ly forward to the time when the second 
volume should be completed. 

About the eighth year after the com- 
mencement of his work a nobleman 
ealled on Audubon, with his family and 
requested to be snown some of Audu- 
bon’s original drawings. This desire 
was the more readily acceded to by 
Audubon because his guest was an ad- 
vanced student of Ornithology. In the 
course of the conversation Audubon 
was asked how long it would be before 
the work was finished. When he said 
it would be eight years more the noble- 
man shrugged his shoulders and with a 
sigh said, ‘‘I may not see it finished, but 
my children will, and you may please 
to add my name to your list of sub- 
scribers.” This remark sunk deeply in- 
to Audubon’s mind, and the thought 
often came to him that he might not see 
the work finished, although his children 
might. 

The greater part of the first eight 
years after the engraving of his draw- 
ings was commenced was spent in Lon- 
don and Edinburgh. Audubon’s desire 
to compare his specimens with those of 
the Zoological Society of London in- 
duced him to ask permission to do so, 
which the Counsel freely accorded. ° 

The Ornithology of the United States 
may be said to have been commenced 
by Alexander Wilson, whose premature 
death prevented him from completing 
his labors. It is unnecessary to state 
how well he performed his task; but al- 
though he succeeded in observing and 
obtaining a large number of our birds, 
yet he left many which were afterwards 
discovered through the untiring zeal of 
Audubon. 


THE OOLOGIST. 309 


While at Natchez on December 31, 
1820, a little incident occurred which 
well nigh resulted in acatasrophe. A 
friend proposed a trip to New Orleans, 
which Audubon acceded to, and soon 
after they were ploughing along at full 
speed. Towards evening inquiries 
were made respecting certain portions 
of their baggage, among which was one 
of Audubon’s portfolios containing a 
large number of drawings, many of 
- which represented birds hitherto un- 
figured. The portfolio was nowhere to 
be found, and Audubon at last remem- 
bered that he had handed it to a ser- 
vant to carry on board, but in the hur- 
ry and turmcil of embarkation it was 
overlooked and left behind. It was 
useless for Audubon to fret, so he be- 
gan to devise a plan for its recovery. 
He wrote to Mr. Garnier, and his ven- 
erable friend Charles Carre. After an 
interval of two months and a half he 
had the gratification of receiving a let- 
ter from Mr. A. P. Bodley of Natchez, 
stating that the missing portfolio had 
been found and was deposited at the 
office of the ‘‘Mississippi Republican,” 
whence an order from Audubon would 
liberate it. Through the kindness of 
Mr. Garnier it was received on April 
5th, all the drawings present and unin- 
jured with the exception of one, which 
Audubon laughingly regarded as for 
commission. 

Nearly three years have now passed 


since the Third Volume of the Birds of 
America made its appearance, and 
about twelve since the first fasciculus 
of his Illustrations of the Birds of Amer- 
ica was submitted to public inspection. 
This magnificient work, compromising 
four hundred and thirty-five plates and 
ten hundred and sixty-five figures, was 
finished on the 20th day of June, 1838, 
without the continuity of its execution 
having been broken for a single day, 
and the numbers having been delivered 
with exemplary regularity. 

The adventures and vicissitudes which 


fell to the lot of Audubon, instead of 
diminishing his enthusiasm, only served 
to inflame it the more, and imparted a 
toughness to his naturally strong con- 
stitution, and to his naturally buoyant 
mind an elasticity such as to assure 
him, that, although somewhat old, he 
could yet perform a journey of any 
length on foot were he sure that by so 
doing he could thereby add a little 
something to his knowledge of the 
American fauna. 

When Audubon last left Edinburgh 
he went to London, full of a desire to 
visit America once more before his 
great life-work should be completed. 
It was the wish and dream of his life 
that he might cross the Continent of 
America, gaze on the sublime majesty 
of the Rockies,, wander along the fertile 
valleys of the Oregon, and search the 
shores of the Pacific and a portion of 
North Carolina; but circumstances were 
such that it was impossible to follow 
out this plan. Arriving in London Au- 
dubon and his family were kindly wel- 
comed by Audubon’s_ brother-in-law, 
Alexander Gordon, Esq., and were soon 
after established in a house on Wimpole 
street. 

Mr. Audubon was informed by his 
engraver one day soon after his arrival 
in London that a gentlenman, a Fellow 
of the Royal Society, had subscribed 
for the Birds of America, and in a few 
days Audubon had the pleasure of see- 
ing him personally. This man y\asa 
surgeon of the highest merit, and soon 
after Audubon made his acquaintance 
he took charge of Audubon’s wife's 
health and attended her for years, but 
never a farthing would he receive in 
payment. 

Having been long desirous of intro- 
ducing into America European birds, 
Audubon secured about a hundred spec- 
mens, in perfect health, consisting of 
Starlings, Skylarks, Jays and Wood 
Pigeons, with the intention of setting 
them loose in the Western States. They 


310 


were placed in ample cages and sent 
aboard at London docks, but the ven- 
ture was almost a total failure, as near- 
ly every bird was dead before the ves- 
sel anchored in New York harbor. 

(TO BE CONTINUED). 


Nidification of the Fish Crow. 


So little has been written on the nest- 
ing of this species, that it has occured 
to the writer to make known to those 
who are interested,the notes taken ona 
single day’s collecting trip, in which the 
Corvus ossifragus figured prominently. 
May 18th, 794, I found about 40 pair 
breeding on one of the numerous islands 
on the South Jersey coast, Cape May 
county. The timber consists of large 
White Holly and Red Cedar, the latter 
dead or alive, invariably covered with 
usned. 

The bird usually flushed before one 
has observed the nest in consequence 
of this in connection with the fact that 
almost every tree contained its one,two 
or three nests, and that they all looked 
alike from below; we were compelled 
to climb upward of 70 or 80 trees. For- 
tunately they were easily ascended with 
climbers and were al! within thirty-nine 
feet of the ground. A number of birds 
of this species, returning from their 
crabbing trips or thieving expeditions 
for the eggs of the Clapper Rail; con- 
stantly hovered above, out of gunshot, 
protesting oin their gutteral clatter. 
Two sets of 4, four sets of 5, and one 
set of 6 eggs were found, all containing 
small embryoes. 

While the eggs do not differ from 
certain examples of the Corvus amert- 
canus in my collection, the nests are 
totally different in both composition 
and workmanship. Placed indifferently 
in a fork or out on a branch of a tree, it 
is composed of sticks, twigs, sometimes 
with the addition of cedar bark and ws- 
nea or tree moss; lined with strips of 
cedar bark. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


No earth being used the nest presents 
a neat appearance. ‘lhe outside depth 
and diameter are equal. The measure- 
ments are as following in inches. 


Inside: Depth, 4 to 5; diameter, 6 to 
8. Outside: Depth, 12 to 15; diameter, 
12 to 15. 


Three sets before me exhibit the 
markings of the series. 

Set I. Six eggs. From pale mala- 
chite to light .glaucous-green, spotted 
and blotched with mouse and olive 
grey, overlaid with rather large spots 
and blotches of olive green, heaviest at 
larger ends,and grading No.1 (the heay- 
iest marked) to No. 6, which is light- 
est. A few scattered spots of clove 
brown found on every egg. 1.51x1.10, 
T.55x1.10, 1.52x1.11, 1.49x1.12, 1.49x1.11, 
1.58x1.08. 

Set II. Five eggs. Fading glaucous- 
green, uniformly spotted and dotted 
with olive green. a few scattered speck- 
Jes of clove brown appearing over the 
olive green. All eggs alike. 1.52x1.06, 
1.51x1.07, 1.50x1.06, 1.54x1.08, 1.40x1.02. 

Set III. Four eggs. Pale glaucous- 
green, with shell markings of mouse 
and olive grey, overlaid with spots and 
large blothes of olive green and clove 
brown, much the heaviest at the large 
ends. Markings clearly defined. The 
clove brown predominating on fourth 
egg. 1.47x1.01, 1.50x.96, 1.42x1.02,1.45x 
1.01 

A nest containing fully fledged young 
of the C. americanus was found by my 
companion, Mr. Lionel F. Bowers. It 
would appear that the latter nested ful- 
ly a month previous to its smaller cous- 
in. 

It is worth observing that the natives 
make no distinction between the two 
species, considering them the same; al- 
tho’ the difference in size is at once ap- 
parent to the novice. 


F. L. Burns. 


THE OSLOGIST. 311 


Nesting Habits of the Golden-winged Warbler 


This is the only species of the genus 
which is known to breed regularly in 
the Lower Peninsula. Perhaps we 
might call it the most abundant species, 
but one other the Nashville Warbler, is 
very common during the spring migra- 
tion and nests in some sections. 

The Golden-winged Warbler, Helimin- 
thophila chrysoptera (L.) arrives about 
May first on Michigan’s southern boun- 
dary, but often in April. I have known 
it to appear on April 26th again not be 
seen till May 11th, but it is probable that 
it always arrives by the first week ofMay, 
but is overlooked at times. The males 
appear first. In fact the females are 
hardly to be seen at any time, for they 
are very retiring at all seasons. 

Often as collectors are tramping 
about low clearings, or at the edges of 
basswood, ash and elm forests, or in 
boggy land covered with willows, al- 
ders and swamp scrub, a faint series of 
notes may be heard. These notes can- 
not be called a song but they evidently 
answer the purpose. 

Ordinarily the effort sounds like 
zwee-e-e-e-e-e long drawn out, but this 
is often varied by wheez-e-e-e-e-e-e-e€ 

This effort is sometimes changed to a 
crazy series of notes which cannot be 
described, but which are in no sense to 
be considered musical. 

At the time the strain is issued it is 
next to impossible to tell from whence 
the sounds proceed, and it is often ex- 
ceedingly difficult to locate the singer. 

‘I have repeatedly supposed the notes 
to come from high in the trees when it 
proved that the singer was on the 
ground. Again ‘the notes seemed to 
rise from beneath my feet when the 
bird was located ina tree. Generally 
the Gold-wing sings from a low bush or 
limb of a tree, and it is rare that one 
is found well up from the ground. 
Still I have shot the birds from the tops 
of tall forest trees. In addition to the 


songs, there are some call notes, com- 
mon to both sexes, and one of these, a 
penetrating, metallic sound, is quite 
characteristic of this species. 

The males are quite conspicuous and 
are not difficult to secure but a female 
is quite a rarity unless shot during mi- 
gration, or from or near the nest. 

One sultry day, June 5th, several 
years ago, while hunting about a clear- 
ing, I flushed a female Gold-wing, and 
feeling satisfied from her actions that 
she had a nest near she was shot to in- 
sure identity. Judge of my disappoint- 
ment, after a few minutes search to dis- 
cover five young birds in a well con- 
cealed nest among the tussocks of rank 
marsh grass. Regretting the misfor- 
tune to the young, I passed on with 
caution, as several birds were singing 
about me. In a short time another 
bird was flushed, this time a male, 
which led me to hope that the father of 
the unfortunate young would take care 
of them. 

The second nest contained five eggs 
which proved to be too far advanced in 
incubation to save. This nest, like the 
first was placed on the ground, and 
was supported by small shoots and 
grass. 

In construction the nest in no way re- 
sembles the structure of any bird that I 
have met with, but it comes nearer in: 
materials to the nest of the Maryland 
Yellow-throat. The bulk of the nest is 
composed of course leaves and dried 


‘grasses, with a plentiful amount of 


coarse strips of grape vine bark. The 
lining was of fine roots and there was. 
nothing of that artistic finish, and 
make-up of delicate materials which 
lend a charm to the appearance of 
many small bird’s nests. The nest as a 
whole was bulky, and large for the size 
of the bird. 

At various times I have found this: 
Warbler nesting in several sections of 
the state. At the North a favorite loc- 
ation is at the edge of a pinery where it. 


212 


borders on a lower piece of land. Mr 
Jerome Trombly of Monroe county in- 
forms me that a favorite selection is 
among a lot of shoots of the spice bush 
which support it at the sides. 

The eggs are given at from four to 
six, but in this state five seems to be the 
regulation set, while only four are 
sometimes found. So faras my exper- 
ience goes they are always crystal white 
dotted with reddish at the larger end; 
the fine dots often forming aring. The 
averages given of dimensions are usual- 
ly largerthan those 1 have met with 
and I am quite certain that the eggs of 
this Warbler are smaller than the eggs 

of any other of the family with which I 
have had experience. 

While I cannot assert that these 
birds breed in colonies, still it is pos- 
sible that this is the case. In partial 
substantiation of this I would record 
the discovery of three nests within. an 
area of less than an acre, and it will be 
seen by observing ornithologists that 
several males are found in the same 
neighborhood generally . 

Like several other species of Warb- 
lers this bird is not constant to a neigh- 
borhood year after year. I know of 
localities where birds have been found 
two successive seasons but this is un- 
usual I believe. 

When we consider the localities 
chosen, it is not strange that the species 
varies its abode, as the new lands and 
clearings often undergo great changes 
within atwelve month. Specimens are 
sometimes taken in abundance in a 
neighborhood where suitable ground is 
to be found, and the following season 
not a bird or nest is to be seen any- 
where in the locality. 

The Gold-wing evidently prefers low 
sections of land, and appears most at 
home in quarters where deep woods 
border marshy tracts. I have yet to 
meet with the birds in very high and 
dry localities, although they are some- 
times seea in elevated swampy spots. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Ihave never found the birds in oak 
openings, hickory lands or sandy soil. 
After the nesting period has passed 
the males are silent and but little is to 
be learned about them. I know noth- 
ing as to the date of departure of this 
bird which is one of the most beautiful 
of our thirty-eight species of Michigan 
Warblers. 
SCOLO PAx. 


+ <> + + 


Observations on Birds. 

Mr. S. R. Ingersoll in the OrRNITHOL- 
ocist and OéLoGcist of May, 1898, 
gives the information that twenty-six 
nests of fourteen species of birds were 
to be found within three hundrea feet 
of his house. These nests all contained 
eggs or young, but he fails to state the 
situation of his home -otherwise than 
that ‘‘it is in the midst of an apple or- 
chard” and he does not say whether 
the nests were all to be found at one 
time or during the season. If this item 
refers to a particular date, or even 
month, it is remarkable,if the boundary 
of three hundred feet is exactly measur- 
ed; but if the nests of several seasons, 
or even one full year are intended, the 
item ioses its interest. Mr. Ingersoll 
also fails to give his residence, a point 
which should never be omitted. 

In July 93, Mr. O. Widmann of Mis- 
souri, and whose home is at Old Or- 
chard, I believe, presented a still more 
surprising list, giving the names of 
thirty-two species of birds which were 
found breeding within the same limits 
from his house. And these birds ocecu- 
pied (55) nests,not to mention the many 
nests of the European Tree Sparrow, 
and ignoring the Cowbird which was 
also present as an uninvited guest. 

It would indeed be charming to visit 
Mr. Widmann in his enchanting retreat 
and listen to the bird chorus which 
must constantly regale him with varied 
carols for at least three months of the 
year. It is very pleasing to know that 


THE OOLOGIST. 


this happy gathering of songsters is 
fostered and protected by their patron 
where they can pillage the garden and 
fruit trees without restraint, only re- 
paying the owner by their agreeable 
presence and delightful melodies. 

My home is in the city where one is 
denied the presence of most of our birds. 
Still, in spring and fall migrations, 
many species flit through or over my 
home yard. During a large share of 
the time for the past twenty-five years 
I have recorded the visitors to our 
yard, and this list, started as the result 
of a boyish whim, has grown to a reli- 
able record of no mean size. The num- 
ber of species of birds identified in or 
over our yard in size,tive and a quarter 
by twelve rods, is one hundred and 
thirty-four,* while (19) species have 
been found nesting at various times. 
In one tree alone, a burr oak, Quercus 
macrocarpa, in this yard of (63) square 
rods, I have recorded sixty-four species 
of birds tduring the last quarter of a 
century, in which time the-village of 
Kalmazoo, Mich., has grown to a city 
of 20,000 inhabitants. 

Three hundred feet from a common 
center gives a circumference of over 
(108) rods equal to more than eight 
times the area of the space where my 
notes were taken. When we consider 
that: these notes are mainly from obser- 
vations in the village or city, the good 
results of continued observation are 
apparent. Morris GIBBs. 


>< <> > + — 


Albinos of the Grasshopper Sparrow. 


_ On the 80th of May, 1898, while en- 
gaged in making a collection of eggs 
for the cabinet of Central University, a 
bright boy who was assisting me 
brought me a nest which he had _ scoop- 
ed with his hands from a depression in 


* The names of these birds are given in full 
in Horast and Stream, N. Y., date August 11, 
1892, in article entitled, “Bird Life in a City 
Yard.’ 

+ The list of these (64) species is given in 
Science, N. Y. City, October 27, ’93,in an article 
“The Visitors to One Oak Tree.”’ 


dle 


the ground in an open meadow where 
it was partially concealed by an over- 
hanging tuft of grass. In materials and 
structure it was precisely like the nests 
ordinarily built by the Song Sparrow 
in similar depressions in the ground. 
The eggs, which were five in number, 
were of about the usual size and shape 
of those of the Song Sparrow, but were 
spotlessly and immac late’ white. 
Knowing the propensity of the Song 
Sparrow to vary the coloring and mark- 
ings of its eggs, I immediately con- 
eluded that the nest must be of this 
species, but the boy earnestly protested 
that he knew a Song Sparrow when he 
saw it,and this was not one but a some- ; 
what smaller bird with yellow upon its 
breast and wings. As he had found the 
bird on the nest, was a close observer, 
and had every opportunity to make ac- 
curate observation, this of course set- 
tled the matter as far as the claims of 
the Song Sparrow went. We went as 
soon as practicable to the spot where 
the nest was found, but the bird was 
gone and the most patient and diligent 
search failed to find her again, and my 
note book received the very unsatisfac- 
tory entry: ‘‘Set of five, about .75x.65, 
pure white, somewhat incubated; nest 
on the ground, in open meadow, like 
Song Sparrow; species unknown.’ 

On the 15th of June, 1894, while on a 
similar expedition my son startled a 
bird from her nest in a similar depres- 
sion in the ground. Catching a glimpse 
of the white eggs and the yellow wings, 
and not being able to identify the bird, 
he shot her and brought her home with 
the nest and five pure white eggs. Up- 
on examintion the bird proved to be 
unquestionably the Grasshopper Spar- 
row or Yellow-winged Sparrow, (4Am- 
modramus savannarum passertinus), and 
as the nest and set of eggs, taken last 
year, are the exact counterpart in all 
respects of this last set which has been 
fully identified, there remains no doubt 
that both are of the same species (A. O. 
U. 547). 

After consulting all the authorities at 
my command I find no recorded in- 
stance of sets of eggsof this bird that 
are spotlessly white. Ifany reader of 
the O6LociIst has had an experience 
similar to mine [ should be glad to hear 
from them. T. D. WiTHERSPOON, 

Richmond, Ky. 


514 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


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THE OOLOGIST. 


AUGUST CONTEST. 


Fifty-one Judges. 


1. Nesting Habits of the Killdeer, 
181. 

2. Nesting of the Western Gull, 141. 

3. Notesfrom Audubon’s Biography, 
126: 

4. The First Day of June, *94, 109. 

5. Nesting of the Whooping Crane, 
72 


The following articles received ecred- 
its as follows: 


6. Thrasher’s Song, 70. 

“. Road Runner, 55. 

The lucky Judges: 

1. No. 45.—Fred 8S. Haggart, Chag- 
rin Falls, Ohio: 4, 2, 3, 1, 5. 

2. No. 4—C.H. Finne, Little Rock, 
Anka) 2) 1h 35.0, 4: 

3. No.38—Cyrus Crosby, Crosby, N. 


eae le tae I By 


4. No. 16—D. elisa Weeks, Port- 
land, Oregon; 1, 4, 2, 3, 6. 

5. No. 36—Otto Grady, Ludlow, Ky.; 
ile, Os 


SEPTEMBER CONTEST. 


Forty-eight Judges. 


1. Nesting Habits of the Hooded 
Warbler, 220. 

2. Crane Island, 178. 

3. Notes from Audubon’s Biography, 
128. 

4. Notes on the Phoebe, 112. 

5. Odlogy vs. Philately, 64. 

Hight Judges named the winning art- 
icles in their exact order. The prizes 
were awarded as follows: 

1. No. 6—Walton Mitchell, St. Paul, 
Minn. 

2. No. 18—B. A. Garrett, Ballston 


Spa, N.Y. 
3. No. 18—Millard Van Wagner, 
Gretna, N.Y. 


4. No. 30—C. O. Nifong, Virden, Lils. 
A fifth prize was awaaded each of the 
following: 
No. 31—Frank N. Wright, Virden, Ills. 
No. 34—H. C. Lillie, Visalia. Calif. 
No. 41—D. Franklin Weeks, Portiand, 
Oregon. 
No. 
Mich. 
All prizes for both the August and 


September contests were mailed on 
October 10th. 


48—Fred McAllister, Davison, 


THE OOLOGIST. 315 


Oinas. Kk, Reed, 


Of No. 262 Main St., Worcester, Mass,, 
the well-known Taxidermist and Dealer 
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316 THE OOLOGIST. 


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THE OOLOGIST. 


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. GunWorks,Pittsburgh,Pa> 


OD SB for Price List 3 
S EI N ES NETS, TENTS, and 

5 SPORTING GOODS. 
Every description of Guns, R2volvers, Ammu- 


nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric- 
es. We have something of interest to you. 


We NnED: Something new 
Full particulars. One man 
made $27.40 inone day. One 


lady made $22 in one day. 
Address Lock Box 113 A. B. P. CO., South Ben 
Indiana. Mention Oo.Locist. 


EDWARD W. CURRIER, 


120 Sutter St., Room 17, 
. San Francisco, Cal. 
Taxidermist and dealer in Birds Eyes, Taxid- 
ermist supplies, ete. Skins and eggs of Cali- 
fornia Birds, also Cal. curiosities. Correspon- 
dence solicited. 


The Oregon 
NATURALIST. 


N illustrated 12 page monthly devoted 
principally to Ornithology and Oology. It 
will open a new field where a great abund- 

ance and variety of species abound. Collectors 
could no doubt add different specimens to their 
cabinets through its columns. 

The subscription price is 
ONLY 25 cs. A YHAR. 

Our advertising rates are moderately low. 

Throughout the entire pages are seven wood 
engravings, a full-page engraving of the Euro- 
pean Avocet being on the cover page. 

Its pages are open to correspondents from the 
Atlantic to the Pacific. 

Send a25c Postal Note for a years subscrip- 
tion. A sample copy of Vol. 1, No. 1, Septem- 
ber, 1894, will be mailed for two stamps. 

Address, 


G. B. CHENEY, Publisher, 
Lock Box 407, Oregon City, Ore. 


[edian Relics, Minerals, Curiosities. 
Large Catalogue Free. 

Rhode Island and Connecticut Relics a specialty. 

Some special goods at special prices for stamp. 
W.PERRY ARNOLD, 


oyr. STONINGTON, CONN. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


CL SMS. 


A Monthly Magazine for both Amateur and Specialist, Devoted 


3 


Exclusively to Research in Natural Science. 


The above publication I shall issue regularly after Nov. 15th at latest,and first 
number may possibly appear sooner. 

It is to be a high class journal, 40 wide double column pages, and will contain 
interesting articles illustrated with fine engravings, on Oology,Ornithology, Mam- 
malia, Mollusca. Mineralogy, ete. No fiction, or overdrawn articles will be al- 
lowed, but all matter will be strictly vriginal, from the pens of the hest Natural- 
ists of the present day. I have already a large list of our most eminent scientists 
that have pledged their hearty support, and from the encouragement already re- 
ceiyed, and the fact that I have on hand a very complete stock of Natural Science 
Specimens, su that all cuts may be taken from the original objects and true to na- 
ture, I feel assured of a Journal, that will at once command a place among the 
very highest and best of its kind. 

For the first year, an Exchange Column will be open for the use of subserib- 
ers, at one-half the usual rates. I have used the columns of Scientific magazines 
enough to know that to be valuable, the paper must have a large circulation. I 
cannot boast a large subscription list at present, of course, but I can guarantee to 
every person, who may send his advertisement for the initial number, that his ad. 
for the first three numbers at least, will go to 5,000 first-class addresses. These 
5,000 names will be carefully screened from over 20,000 names now on hand. 
Over half of these parties. have either written or ordered of me the past year. 
Can you think of a magazine that offers such opportunities for Al results. The 
rates will be as follows, for the present. We guarantee them never to be any 
lower. ; 


20 cents per nonpareil line each insertion. 

12 lines to the inch. 

Advertisements to run 8 months or more 15c per line. 
Exchange, Want, For Sale, Notices $c per word. 

No Exchange for less than 25c. 


The subscription price will be $1.00 a year. In order to start the Magazine off 
with a good sized list of subscribers, I make the following offer. 

To each and every person who sends me $1.00 for subscription to “The Mu- 
seum” for a year, beginning Noy. 15th, and ensuing for one year therefrom, I 
agree to send a credit slip good for 50c worth of anything I advertise; or, you 
may receive one year’s subscription FREE, with an order to the amount of $2.00 
worth of anything I advertise. 

Doubtless no one is better posted than I of the perils of launching into the 
sea of ‘‘specialist” journalism, and I would not do so at this time, were I not 
urged on by my friends and patrons, they assuring me that at this time there is a 
need of a Jourual such as I shall present to you. They have been, one and all, so 
enthusiastic in their support, that I feel sure of hearty approval all along the line. 

Hoping to hear from you frequently and to merit your patronage, I am, 

; Yours Fraternally, 
WALTER F. WEBB, 


Albion, N. Y, 


THE OOLOGIST. 319 


NIAGARA PALLS. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootocisr visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe w steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—and cc*upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 

magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 


EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


It is a well known fact the 


World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hiapquarrers for’ 
EVERYTHING in the CurIO, SPECIMEN, Novenry or Souventr line pertain- 


ing to Niagara. 


METHODS 


IN THE ART OF 


TAAIDERMY, 


OLIVER DAVIE, 


Author of ‘Nests and Eggs of North 
American Birds,” ete. 


Containing Ninety Full Page Engravings, over 
Five Hundred Figures minutely illustrating 
the most practical methods practiced in the art. 
It teaches in detail. step by step, the Skinning 
and Stuffing of Birds. Mammals, Crustaceans, 
Fishes and Reptiles, together with illustrations 
of forms and Attitudes of the Animal Kingdom. 
The text is by OLIVER DAVIE, who has made 
Taxidermy his life study and profession. The 
originals of the illustrations were made in In- 
nia ink from time to time as the actual subjects 
could be obtained from which to make the va- 
rious procedures. Tbey were drawn by the 
eminent Bird and Mammal Artist. THEODORE 
JASPER, A. M., M. D., whose experience in the 
Art of Taxidermy extends over a period of fif- 
ty years. Every illustration by this artist is a 
work of art. Among these engravings are re- 
productions from photographs of actual work 
by American Taxidermists. Each Copy of this 
book is enclosed in box for shipment and is 
sent prepaid upon receipt of price. 


In one Quarto Volume, Silk 
Cloth, Gilt Top, Untrimmed 
Edges, $10. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
Publisher of THE OOLOGIST, 
Albion, N. Y. 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- 
dia, Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named 
at moderate prices, also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, 

Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany 


Davies Nests and Eggs 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., M D. 
and W. Otto Emerson, 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs 
of the Land and Water Birds of North America, 
which includes all the species known to exist— 
those that occur orare indigenous north of the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. 

The breeding range of each species Is given, 
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs 
laid, their color and size together with the chief 
characteristics of the bird. 

The arrangement of the work is according to 
the nomenclature of the A. O,. U. Code and 
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) 
as used in tormer editions, are placed to the 
right of each species. Throughout the text all 
the common names of the birds are to be found, 
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is 
given, 

An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi- 
Caton of specimens to all those collecting in the 

e 

The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page 


‘illustrations. 


Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75. 
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 


320 THE OOLOGIST. 


A Positive Rust Preventative and Lubricant. 


FOR GUNS- REVOLVERS “RIFLES 
AND ALL METALS 2 


STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL. 


Initators claim something “‘just as good,” thereby admitting the superiority of 
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(Because it affords them a better profit.) 


BE HONEST, AND REFUSE Ji: 


A Light Coat of GUNOLEUM on an Unprotected Metalic Surface will prevent 
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FOR 
BICYCLES, TYPEWRITERS, CAMP KITS, SURGICAL, 
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Any reliable dealer who may not have Gunoleum, will procure it promptly 
for anyone who wishes it. 


SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 Ib.can 
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Beware of imitations said to be “‘just as good.” 


MANUFACTURED BY 


THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO., 
BAY SHORE, L. I, N. Y., U. S. A. 


Monthly. 


VOL. XI. NO. 11. 


eg A) 


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ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1894. 


5O0c. per Year. “<i 


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WHOLE No. 109 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘“‘Wants,’ “Exchanges” ‘For Sales,” inserted in this department 


for 50c per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35 words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


‘‘DEALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, 
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-halt list rates. 
Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) will be accepted for “Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges”’ only 


‘and according to conditions stated thereon. 


WANTED.—One or two 22 cal. Steven’s 
rifles, with or without globe sights. State con- 
dition and lowest cash price. CHAS. C. TRY- 
‘ON, Box 517, Avoca, Iowa. 


CHINESE CLAY .—2o0z. specimens of Clay 


from Hong Kong China, to exchange for In-— 


dian relies or 10c in cash. J. T. FITCHETT, 


Janesville, Wis. 


WANTED. Second hand Coues’ Key. Will 
give you cash if cheap. Have also Davie’s 
Nests and Eggs to give in part payment. FRED 
MALTBY, Olathe. Kansas. 


CASH for first-class high grade compound 
microscope, Also for good dissecting set. 
Write descriptions. E. L. POTTER, 218 North 
Goodman St., Rochester, N. Y. 


WANTED.—3, 4, 6 and 10 cent Columbian 
stamps, cancelled. Havein exchange 3 Com. 
Terns eggs, 2 Least, 2 Cala. Titmice and 2 Kill- 
deer. Make offers. STEPHEN P. HARWOOD, 
1532 Park Ave., Baltimore, Md. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Fresh and dry Bird skins 
for Fresh Skins. Also Fifty Novels and 
Mounted Birds for a good shot gun or rifle. H. 
M. WOLFE, Kewanee, Ills. 


NINE first-class eggs, sets, of Short-eared 
Owl to exchange fer other eggs or for skins of 
Fringillde. J. D. SNYDFR, JR., Waterloo, 
Ind. p 


ft HAVE a Crescent bicycle. solid tire, good 
condition, which I will exchange for a Steven’s 
rifle. or will sell for cash. W. BARNHURST, 
1318 Cambria St., Phila., Pa. 


A 1-32 H. P. seam engine, Colt’s powder and 
ballrevolver, eggs in singles and sets with 
data and fossils from Md. for Indian relics. 
J. HARMONUS FISHER, JR., 1225 N. Calvert 
St., Baltimore, Md. 


I HAVE a few sets Laughing Gull, Black 
Skimmer, Florida Cormorant aud Little Blue 
Heron to exchange. Or will sell cheap for Cash. 
J. A. DICKI YSON, Gresham, York Co., Neb. 


EXCHANGE NOTICE.—Pit game stags and 
pullets, cocks and pens for sale or exchange for 
eggs insets. Write me. FRANK NEWCOM- 
ER, Mentor, Lake Co., Ohio. 


FOR BEST cash offer. Winchester single 
shot rifie, 32-40 calibre, 30 inch barrel, with re- 
loading tools. Gun and tools cost $15, Used 
but very little. Fine condition in every respect 
REGINALD G. PAPE, McLeansboro, I11. 


COLLECTORS.—-I collect eggs, stamps, cur- 
ios, everything. To exchange nearly anything 
desirable. Want musibal instruments or cu- 
rios. Send complete lists and receive mine. 
Everyone answered. ARTHUR THORNE, 
Box 642, Newark, Wayne Co., N. Y. 


WANTED.—American sets of A.O. U. 184, 
224, 258, 273, 278, 280, 286, 335, 337, 342, 365, 366. 375, 
481, 611, 637, 718, 725a, 727, 730 in exchange for 
Massachusetts ‘sets. By doing as requested 
above, you will oblige, J. H. BOWLES, Ponka- 
pog, Mass. 


BUFF Cochins and Black Spanish. Have 
best birds in these varieties in America, win- 
ning highest honors’ at World’s Fair, New 
York, Canada’s Great Poultry Exhibition, &c. 
A grand exhibition and breeding trio $10. Will 
give good exchange in Cochins for Printing 
Press not less than 4x7. Write at once for par- 
ticulars and send description of press if for ex- 
change. F.C. HARE, Whitby, Ont., Canada. 


WANTE]’.—Coues’ Key, Ridgeway’s Nomen- 
clature of Colors, Dana’s Mineralogy, D. B. B. 
L. Shot Gun. Bird Skins and sets of 332, 325, 
326, 327. 328, 329, 349, 351, 352 A.O. U No’s, I can 
offer Rifles. Revolvers, Books, Eggs. Skins and 
Mounted Birds. All letters answered. NATH- 
AN L. DAVIS, Box 224, Brockport, N. Y. 


MRS. A. S. MEARES, John’s Pass, Fla. has 
lovely shells for xmas presents, and will send 
6 Ibs well assorted and postpaid to those send- 
ing her $2 before xmas. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A 4x5 camera nearly new 
With outfit to exchange for eggs in sets, with 
complete data. DR. W. E. ROTZELL, Nar- 

eth, Pa. 


322 


A BROOK’S cyclometer, new. 
solid tire or 28 inch pneumatic tire bicycle, to 
exchange for autoharp, or for sale cheap for 
cash. Makeme any kind of an Offer at all. 
NEIL F. POSSON, Batavia, N. Y. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A pair of light climbers, 
for sets or singles of ist class birds eggs. 
LOUIE HEMMINGSON, Lake Mills, Wis. 


MOUNTED Specimens of 656, 557, 517a, 555, 
749, 652, 769, 567, 581d, 599, 42h, 458 at 5O0c each. 
The lot %, postpaid. F. T. CORLESS, Los 
Gatos, Calif. 


TO EXCHANGE.—My collection of birds 
eggs and cabinet, 150 varieties, mostly sets 
With datas, value $150. for first class bicycle. 
CLARENCE H. WATROUS, Chester, Middle- 
sex Co,, Ct. 


HAVE.—Fifteen dollar Guitar, new 32 Revol- 
ver and Coody’s ‘‘Story of Wild West,’ (Mor- 
rocco bound) to exchange for first-class sets 
with data, D. E. MOULTON, Falmouth, Cum. 
Co., Maine. 


NEW! Send for free sample of new system 
of marking eggs, no pencilmarks to mar beauty 
also prevents entrance of dust or beetles to 
eggs. E. HE. MOFFATT, Winsted, Conn. 


ALL KINDS of Job Printing in exchange 
for eggs. Many common varieties wanted. 
“The Standard” datas and labels a specialty. 
A. MOWBRAY SEMPLE, Poynette, Wis. 


JAMES BROS.. Monterey. Calif.. breeders of 
thoroughbred high scoring White Wyandottes, 
eggs for sale at $2.50 per 138. Can also furniSh 
any other kind of Throughbred eggs desired. 
Correspondence solicited. Eggs well packed 
and shipped to any part of the U. 8S. 


STAMPS.—Great success. Shall continue to 
make a specialty of my Net Approval Sheets 
at lowest discount rates. This plan enables me 
to use stamps of all kinds and values on same 
sheets, no other system allows of it. Send for 
one. H. M. GILLETT, Lebanon Springs, N. Y. 


NICE Specimens of Silica, odd formations 
from Port Tampa, Florida. Magazines and 
other articles to exchange for specimens of In- 
sects. Shells, etc. EDWIN 1. DRAPER, G. F. 
A. Office C.R. I. & P. R. R.. Chicago, Ills. 


FOR SALE.—Collection of Birds Eggs; over 
150 varieties in sets and singles. complete data. 
Catalogue value $10. Will sell to person mak- 
ing best offer. Hor complete list, varieties, 
number eggs in sets, etc. address. C.T. SALT- 
ER, 1218 So. 8th St., Springfield, Ill. 


WAR! STAMPS! WAR! Fine sets of 6 var- 
ieties of unused Venezuela stamps only 12cts; 
3 sets, 25ctS. 10 mixed used Foreign stamps, 
10cts: 100 varieties of stamps, catalogue value 
over $3, only $1; 2 var. Confederate bills, 10cts; 
entire 8¢ war envelopes on blue used, S8cts each: 
entire sheet of 4M, unused Port Rico stamps, 
25cts. Try me once, address, J. E. HAND- 
SHAW, Smithtown Branch, N. Y. N4t 


SAY YOU! Haveyou any cash for bird skins, 
eggs, nests, insects, minerals, fossils, Indian 
relics. books, jointed fish pole. and many arti- 
cles of personal property? If you have and you 
mean business, send stamp and state what you 
want and I’11 quote prices. These things must 
go at once, and youcan have them at your own 
figure. Specimens are my private collection 
and fine. Sendznow. Will exchange any of the 
above for educational or scientific books or 
magazines. B.S. BOWDISH, Phelps, N. Y. 


fits 80 inch 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ANNOUNCMLENT Extraordinery! Readers. 
of the OOLOGIST will be pleased to see for the 
first time a good half-tone portrait of Editor- 
Frank H. Lattin, which appears, together with 
a reminiscent biographical sketch by H. R. 
Taylor in the September number of the Widiol- 
ogist. The price for a “sample copy”’ has been 
invariably 10c, but out of compliment to the 
readers of the OoLOGIsT, who all want ‘‘Lat- 
tin’s picture. we will send a copy of this num- 
ber for 5 cents, cash or stamps. Other features 
and illustrations ‘‘above par.’ Write at once. 
THE NIDIOLOGIST, Alameda, California. 


FOR EXCHANGE.—Double barrel muzzle 
loading shot gun. 20 gauge, 40 inch barrels. 
Nearly new, cost $15. A good gun. Will ex- 
change for best offer of eggs in sets with data. 
Ae B. ROBERTS, Weymouth, Medina 

0., Ohio. 


WANTED.—Pair of Standard Climbers. Can 
offer a pair of ball-bearing roller Skates, also. 
sets and singles of this locality. Also sets and 
singles for sets. A. I. MCCORMICK, 503 8. 
Olive St., Los Angeles. Calif. 


LARGE list cloth bound books ‘“‘standard fic- 
tion ete.”’ for perfect sets and data common or 
rare. Can furnish cabinets to order, aby num- 
ber drawers very cheap for cash or verv extra 
inducements in eggs, minerals or relics. no 
trash wanted. E. E. MOFFATT, Winsted, Ct. 


~" BULBS, Ferns, Orchids. Pelargoniums.green- 
house plants wanted. Can offer same, and na- 
tives, Scolopendrium, A. filix-mas, P. hexagon- 
eptera, etc. W.H.SAUNDERS. London, Ont. 


OREGON, Washington and Idaho ornithol- 
ogists are requested to correspond with the un- 
dersigned on the important subject of organiz- 
ingan association. ARTHUR L. POPE, Mc- 
Minnville. Oregon. 


FOR ONLY 50 cents. $500 Confederate Mon- 
ey (assorted), #400 Confederate Bond. and 6 rare 
Arrow Points. Catalogue 3 cents. J. F. BOW- 
EN, Iuka. Miss. S3t 


NOTICE.—I have foreign stamps. tobacco 
tags. Cigarette cards, colored sands and small 
unframed paingings to exchange for old U. S. 
stamps, eggs in sets and curios. P.C, WOODS, 
Fayette, Ind. 


ONE OF our leading Ornithologists, writes: 
“Tam very anxious to secure about a dozen 
male Bobolinks alive. Can you help mein get- 
ting the birds?” Jf any reader of the OOL.OGIST 
can furnish them please address the Publisher 
of the OoOLOGIST at once, stating lowest price 
for same. 


5000 EGGS for sale, sets and singles, at 
rock bottom prices. such as Western Grebe,20c: 
Loon, 75; Sharp-shinned Hawk. 40; Swainson’s 
Hawk, 24; Kestrel, 12; White Ibis. 24; Flamingo 
50; Sea Eagle, 1.00. Send for my full list before 
ordering elsewhere. you will save by it. W. 
RAINE, Toronto, Canada. 


[ AM building up a general scientific collec- 
tion, embracing all departments of the Natural 
Sciences and if you have anything truly desir- 
able to offer in exchange for anything I may 
have in stock or if you have any standard 
books or publications that you wishto dispose 
of I shall be pleased to correspond with you. 
When writing give full descriptions stating 
your lowest exchange price and give me an 
idea of about what you would iike in return. 
FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Thankseiving Otier of Birds Kegs, 


Between now and Christmas I shall offer Birds Eggs of all kinds lower than ever before. 
over the following, and the discounts offered and send in your order at once. 
Data accompanies sets only. Discounts: 


class. 


Look 
All are strictly first- 


Parties sending $1 bill may select eggs to the 


amount of $1.25, Send $2 and select eggs to the value of $2.50. Send $3 and select eggs to value of 


4.50. Send #4 and select eggs to value of $6.50. Send $5 and select eggs to value Of $8.50. 
and select eggs to the value of $16 or send $10 and select eggs to the value of #5. 


paid. Inaddition to above discounts, parties sending $5.00 order 


years subscription to the MUSEUM, free. 


Pied-bill Greebe 10 
TEU RN a ooseetecns ae 20 
IMR e RS ne ou 20 
Calits AMiurre)<-.2:: 2: 20 
Kittiwake Gull 25 
Amer. Herring Gull........... 20 


Ring-bill Gull............--..... 25 
Laughing Gull _...-.............. 


Franklin’s Gull...__... ero) 
Cabot?s) Tern: awe iar 10) 
- Caspian Tern........22 2... 40 
Common Rernteas ee 08 
Black Tern 10 
Sooty Tern 25 
Noddy Tern 50 
1M baal iy cee teres ee ee ees 50 
Manx Shearwater.............. 1 00 
BPeach?s!Petrel. 2421-5 eS 20 
Gramine tierce i eee 35 
Conmonraniigee sees 3 
Farralone Cormorant........ 40 
Wihiteselicany ts 230825 se 35 
BrowuePelicany aes 25 
Blue wing Teal........:.... ia 0) 
Barrows Goldeneye .... ..... (6 
Whooping Swan ....... ...... 1 50 
Amer. Flamingo... pace Jeo) 
NAVA OUTUTS) MoS es on 35 
White-face Glossy Ibis...... 1 00 
NY @OG) Moms he 1 00 
Amer. Bittern... v5) 
east Bibvermes ye oh secue 20 
NOME DCAD Holes eee ae 30 
SOONnAy LalerRo oes ee 15 
Louisiana Heron........._._... 12 
little Blue Herons. 2 12 
Creenvhieronesss sean ye 12 
BVk. crown. N. Heron...... 12 
TeGoranpes Rope 2 ee eee tate aa 20 
SOtale ale sees soe riveree ea, 12 
Wabgenkoulgh leven eee 12 
Corn, Crake....-...._.; CW et 20 
Florida Gallinule........._.... 10 
ATMET OOO bs eer = cul ne eae 00 
TBO Oy SHOUT Sao) posenent sea se es 25 
Donal riaY So 35 
AAV TN Sitisss Saco esoeeo esos 40 
Bart. Sandpiper... 3 
Spotted Sandpiper 15 
TAO WAT eens see eee cot 15 
@ysrercatcher sess se 25 
EXON AGU HS) See ee 15 
Texan Bobwhite... 2... __.. 10 
Hila Bobwhite: ot sees Je VAlo 
Caliivlrantridg@er2 9) 55 15 
IESE; a1 OPEL GT estessa snes ae eee 20 
Sage Grouse ss). 7D 
@hachallacare see enien 60 
Red-bill Plgeon.-.._........2.... Of 
White-wing Dove ..... ........ 20 
Mex. Ground Dove......_..... 50 
Mourning Dove........... ..... 05 
Turkey Vulture vi) 
Back aVaUlib Une yn leeds 75 
Cooper's Hawhkk............-2.... 30 
Red-tail Hawk......... Ate 5O 
Gray Sea Fagile......... ....... 2 00 
IVD era arin Sal vo ets ANS 30 
EGOS tel tay A OSTEO 25 


WALTE 


See ad. elsewhere. 


Sparrow Hawk.................. 
Amery OSPLOYp-2-c---e 
Aud. Caracara....-... .2:---2--- 
Long-ear Ow] ..............--..-. 
Screech Owl........ 
Tex. Screech Owl........ -... : 
Burrowing Owl 
Road-runnev..............--.--- 

Yellow-bill Cuckoo............ 
Black-bill Cuckoo...... -....... 
Baird’s Woodpecker ........- 
Gold-fronted Woodpecker 
I CKC ieee LAS a 
Niehithia wl eee 
Western Nighthawk ....... 

Texan Nighthawk. ............ 
Ruby-throated Hummer... 
Nests of Hummer, asstd_.. 
Scis-tail Flycatcker........... 
Teh ays orb Rol ate eStores 
Crested Flycatcher..-......:.. 
Mex. crested Flycatcher... 
IB NOE De SE ors Sees 
Wood Pewee...... .-....-. --.:. 
Acadian Flycatcher 
Western Flycatcher 
Little Elycateher::—.. -...:. 
Traills Plycatcher.............. 
Least Flycatcher ............:. 
Skylark. 2...2. 
Prairie Horned Lark........ 
PNG OOK ET Ge INU eer OME eae) eriac sone 
TSHNDKE) DIGI rae eee creteore sous usec: y 
ATIC TS CEO Wee ess eer nees 
BNSC LO Wa eet eases eee 
Stalin oe eee es 
TEXO NOVO VGN OM ee 
COW DIL ee eae ees 
Dwarf Cowbird.._.....-.---:-... 
Yellow-headed Blackbird. 
Red-wWing Blackbird......... 
Bicolored Blackbird ..-....... 
Tricolored Blackbird........ 
Brewer’s Blackbird.......... 
Punple) rac kilersee sees 
Great-tail Grackle.._.....__.. é 
Bronzediexachlicwee ss. 
House Finch.......-. solberceees iad 
American Goldfinch.......... 
Arkansas Goldfinch .......... 
Ch’stn’t-collared Longspur 
Vesper Sparrow..........-....- 
Grasshopper Sparrow... ... 
WAG S Parr OW eae 
Western Lark Sparrow... 
Chipping Sparrow............ 
Field Sparrow..:...-..-..-....... 
Song, Sparrow...-...-...---.- : 
Mountain Song Sparrow. 
Heermann’s SongsSparrow 
Samuel’s Song Sparrow... 
Mexas Sparrow...-..----2---.-:- 
SOWIE Meee ueegoek ek art sai oee 
Spurred Towhee........225.... 
California Towhee yas 
Gian a ee ee ae eee ee 
Rose-breasted Grosbeak... 
Black-headed Grosbeak... 
Indigo Bunting.................. 


08 


Send $8 
All are sent pre- 
or over, will be entitled to a 


Bazuli Bunting se 20 
Sharpe’s Seed-eater........ 1 00: 
DICK CISSC] eee eee eee 05 
Scarlet Tanager..........-...... 25 
Summer Tanager ............. 25 
Purple Martin.................... 12 
@litisSiwiallloweae ese eee 03 
BarneSwallow:..--2-.2.-2-5- 05 
Tree Swallow................... 15 
Bank Swallow...-................ 03 
Cedar Waxwing.............. 10 
Loggerhead Shrike.......... 08 
White-rumped Shrike........ 08 
Red-eyed Vireo.........-...--.-. 10 
Warbling Vireo ....... ........ 15 
Yellow-throated Vireo...... 25 
White-eyed Vireo... Bo ULE edly) 
IBelIESAV ARE OFS ee eee eae 15 
Prothonotary Warpler...... 25 
Golden-winged Warbler... 75 
Parula, Warbler 2-2. 20 
Maya ble Wianble res 4 es ED 
Magnolia Warbler ............ ~ 5O 
B’kthroated Grn Warbler 50 
Pine Wiarblernsoc eee 50 
Prairie Warbler... eee ha 

Ovens bind =e eee eee 20 


Louisiana Water-Thrush. 50 
Maryland Yellow-tbroat.. 12 


Yellow-breasted Chat........ 08 
Long-tailed Chat........ ...... 15 
Hooded Warbler _........-..... 50 
American Redstart.........._- 15 
White Wagtail.-. 22. 10 
IMMGE CON Aerg ont a ee eae 10 
Sage thira's hie ries eee 5 

Mocking birdies 05 
(OP Vie ovlito bles ene ath ere eels 02 
Brown Dhrasher --... =.) 103 
Sennett’s Thrasher .- 2 
Curve-billed Thrasher....... 15 
California Thrasher~.....-... 20 
Bendire’s Thrasher _...... dD) 
C2CUUSEWIGeI ene 12 
VOC War CI wees heels 50 
Carolina Wren ........ ...--..-- 10 
IE @raaat eh WIRE A eonteo cesocss 75 
Be WiACIESeWaremiss nse eee aD 
Bae Se Vane Mes senna tana 25 
TBIOISE: WAIN a scosee Bocees eee O05 


Long-billed Marsh Wren. 05 
White-breasted Nuthatch 35 


Brown-headed Nuthatch... 25 
MUGS Ce ei bTMO USC ees seen 35 
Chickadeens = a2) 
Carolina Chickadee .-..--.. .. 15 
AYANGa ate avd Dal rie ane ee ea ip 50 
US TAS bees ance meee eee tee 25 
Blue-gray Gnatcatcher...... 20 
WViO.O CHE ig S nae eee 06 
WaHlSOnisMbinrus hyena 12 
Russet-tacked ‘Thrush ...... 15 
ena bas nese eee 3 

AmericaniRobin’ 2 203) 
Western Robin............-.:-.. 10 
Wale ate atest Cue a 10 
HS leo in Ce eee ee eee 02 
Western Bluebird....... -.... 12 


F. WEBB, ALBION, N. Y. 


324 


ndian Relics, Minerals, Curiosities. 
Large Catalogue Free. 

Rhode Island and Connecticut Relics a specialty. 

Some special goods at special prices for stamp. 


W. PERRY ARNOLD, 
oyr. STONINGTON, CONN. 


The Oregon 
NATURALIST. 


N illustrated 12 page monthly devoted 
principally to Ornithology and Oology. It 
will open a new field where a great abund- 

ance and variety of species abound. Collectors 
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The subscription price is 


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Send a25c Postal Note for a years subscrip- 
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THE OOLOGIST. 


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ONE OF A HUNDRED, ‘When will you 
cease to astonish your patrons by the bright, 
fresh quality of your articles and the charm of 
your illustrations? The August Vidiologist is a 
climacteric. You ought to receive the requis- 
ite dollar from every real Ornithologist in 
America.— Rev. P. B. Peabody.’ The October 
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tions two of them page plates, andisin every 
way a most valuable number. Says Benjamin 
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me as a life subscriber. Words failto express 
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indebtedness to us is5 cents less than 
the above amount. The figures are 
according to our books Oct. 15, 1894, 
and many renewals received since that 
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but not on the wrapper. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


VOL. XI. NO. 11. 


The Study of Bird Life. 

Persistence and patience are prime 
essentials to success in the study of 
bird life. The successful student of 
birds must be a constaut rambler of 
field and forest, a patient observer in 
meadow, grove and orchard, along 
hedgerows and highways, and in shad- 
ed nooks by lakes and streams. The 
same beaten path will be productive of 
new facts every time it is traveled with 
open eyes and ears. Ifyou have tried 
nest and egg collecting, there were 
doubtless many orchards, thickets or 
pieces of hedge which you believed you 
had explored carefully, yet a walk 
through the same localities late in aut- 
umn after the leaves had fallen, would 
have disclosed to you many nests that 
had escaped your keenest search. As 
you pass along the street to school on 
winter mornings, you can see among 
the bare boughs over your head old 
nests which you perhaps passed daily 
in the nesting season without discover- 
ing, tiough you thought at the time 
that you were wide awake for every 
tenement of your feathered neighbors. 

Only those who have attempted to 
discover the secrets of nature know 
how easily may be overlooked the ob- 
jects of one’s search. In my earlier 
days a pair of Wood Pewees had taken 
up their quarters in a corner of a small 
apple orchared and I desired to add 
their nest and eggs to my collection. 
After deciding that the nest was in one 
of two contiguous trees, I spent several 
hours of several different mornings in 
looking for it. I finally found it almost 
ona line with my eye, saddled upon 
a horizontal branch under which 1 had 
stooped many times in passing around 
the tree. The Wood Pewee’s nest is 
not an easy object to locate for its 


ALBION, N. Y., NOV., 1894. 


WHOLE No. 169: 


grayish materials form an excellent 
mimicry to the supporting brinch and 
it may be mistaken for a knot by an in- 
experienced ovserver. 

In the same orchard a pair of Red- 
eyed Vireos attracted my notice by 
their uneasiness when I approached a 
particular spot. Having never exam- 
ined a nest of this species, I began to 
look for their home, which I had read 
might be found suspended among the 
outer twigs of orchard and shade trees. 
I searched many minutes every day for 
two weeks withont success. At length 
I gave up the quest baffled and almost 
convinced that I had been deluded con-. 
cerning the situation of the nest. Later 
when peering upward to locate the nest 
of an Orchard Oriole in an apple tree, 
there before my eyes and not three feet 
away, hung the object of my long 
search, in such plain view that I mar- 
velled at my passing it so many times 
without observing it. It contained 
young about aweek old. Having found 
that one at last, I discovered two others 
the same day in the outer twigs of 
maple trees along the street. When 
vou have once stumbled upon a new 
bird or nest, you will be surprised at 
the ease and frequency with which you 
will afterwards find others of the same 
Species. 

The nesting of the Towhee or Che- 
wink for a long time was a mystery to 
me. One day I accidentally flushed a 
female from her nest among the sprouts 
almost under my feet. The mystery 
was understood, for I found half a doz- 
en other nests of this species within the 
week. 

New facts are no more easily ascer- 
tained in ornithology than in any other: 
science, and often only after a long 
series of observations is some particu- 
lar fact established or some old mis- 


326 THE OOLOGIST. 


take corrected. One fortunate noment 
of light may reveal a truth hidden for 
‘years. One golden morning of the year 
may bring to your neighborhood a bird 
you never thought of meeting alive at 
home, and its acquaintance will repay 
you for the many previous fruitless 
tramps over the Same localities. 

Not until I had studied the birds 
of my home district for more than fif- 
teen years did I there meet a Yellow- 
breasted Chat ora Lark Sparrow. On 
two fortunate mornings of last fall I 
secured specimens of the Harris’s Spar- 
row, a species of which there are only 
two or three recorded instances of its 
capture in Illinois. 

The requisite thing is to be on the 
spot at the fortunate time. It is natur- 
al for one to ho!d preconceived ideas 
concerning the birds one meets and 
these ideas may lead one into serious 
errors which may be believed for years 
until a day comes bringing the truth to 
the earnest searcher. Seeming facts 
which have been deduced from insuf- 
ficient data may be proved untrue by 
prolonged and more careful observa- 
tion. A bird may be eating the seeds 
of plants when we think it to be pick- 
ing the insects from the leaves. In the 
Report of the Secretary of Agriculture 
for 1890, page 282, Mr. Walter B. Barrows 
tells of his supposing for years that the 
Swallows hovering by thousands among 
the barberry bushes were picking up 
flies when they were greedily eating 
the berries, as he afterward learned. 

A careful training of eye and ear is 
essentially necessary in the equipment 
of the naturalist,and this traning can be 
acquired only by frequent contact with 
nature herself. I would solicit every 
boy and girl to become a student of 
nature, and those who cultivate her ac- 
quaintance will learn that she does in- 
deed ‘‘speak a various language.” As 
one’s knowledge of this language in- 
creases, the sounds of forest and mead- 
ow, of grove and stream, acquire a 


meaning to the eager listener. The 
twitter of the Chimney Swift far above 
one’s head revelling in the flood of sun- 
shine and darting about in its quest of 
flying insects, tells of ahome glued to 
the sooty side of a dark flue. Over in 
the neighboring trees the croaking of a 
‘“Rain-crow” or Cuckoo indicates the 
presence of that somewhat unknown 
yet interesting specios, and its dilatory 
nesting habits are recalled to mind. 
The well known carol .of a busy Wren 
arises at intervals and in imagination 
we see the little creature whisking 
about among the lower limbs of that 
large decayed maple, and we suspect 
that the cavity in its trunk contains a 
mass of sticks conveyed thither by that 
active busybody. Higher up among 
the branches laden with bursting buds, 
we hear the melodious notes of a Rose- 
breasted Grosbeak and though now 
out of our sight be must be gleaning 
the buds for his favorite insects, paus- 
ing now and then to hop to a near 
branch and to pour forth again his at- 
tractive notes. 

He who would know birds must visit 
them in their haunts and there train 
his ear to distinguish the varie! notes 
of praise and joy or of anger and alarm 
and there accustom the eye to detect the 
colors of the flashing wing and to dis- 
cern the flitting form among the deep 
foliage of the woods. A knowledge 
of birds can be obtained from books 
or by the examination of specimens in 
collections, but bird-life can be studied 
only among living birds. Read all the 
works about ornithology you can ob- 
tain. From them you will learn much 
about birds and their habits, and you 
will be inspired to advance in this 
noble science, but also go out into the 
healthful sunshine and know for your- 
self our common birds. Verify what 
you read by your own observation, and 
you will learn perhaps to your surprise 
that the same species in different local- 
ities behaves in a very different manner, 


THE OOLOGIST _ 327 


constructing its nest differently in Illi- 
nois than when in Louisiana, or in one 
state nesting on the ground while in an- 
other state it may build in -bushes or 
trees. Birds of a particular species may 
vary in color and in diet with change 
of districts, and very frequently have a 
different song for different seasons. If 
you are a farmer’s boy and your daily 
occupation leads you out where birds 
may be found on all sides of you and 
even beneath your feet, count yourself 
a favored mortal and use the opportun- 
ity to form the closest intimacy with the 
birds of your locality. Compare their 
habits with what you read of them in 
your father’s agricultural papers and 
reports andin your books about birds. 
Observation and reading are yoke-fel- 
lows in ornithology as well as in other 
departments of knowledge. 

Bird music can not be learned by 
reading aboutit. No set of syllables 
can ever suggest the melody ofa bird 
voice or the quality of the tones uttered 

by an exultant songster in its own free 
wilds. If one would recognize the var- 
ious voices in the myriad choir of bird- 
land, he must study them separately 
in their setting of field, grove, and for- 
est. Along the openly wooded streams 
ean be heard the Song Sparrow, the 
Kingfisher, the Cardinal,and the Pheebe. 
In the open meadows are the Field and 
Vesper Sparrows, the Meadowlark, the 
Bobolink,the Bob-white, and the Black- 
throated Bunting or Dickeissel. In the 
orchards one can study the Grackles, the 
Orchard Oriole, the Wren, the King- 
bird, the Cuckoos, the Vireos, and the 
Robin. Along the hedges sing the 
Brown Thrasher, the Chipping Spar- 
row the Catbird, and the Goldfinch. 

In the higher shade trees are the Rose- 
breasted Grosbeak,the Yellow Warbler, 
the Baltimore Oriole, the Warbling 
Vireo,and the splendid Tanager. From 
the bushes arise the notes of the Mary- 
land Yellow-throat,the Yellow: breasted 
Chat, and the Towhee. In the woods 


are noted the Blue Jay, the Chickadees, 
the Woodpeckers, the Indigo Bunting, 
and the Wood Pewee, besides the many 
other species found in any and allof the 
above situations. These are only a few 
of the myriads of the feathered tvibes 
awaiting one’s aquaintance and study, 
forming an inexhaustiable field, varying 
with every locality and every season. 
Each particular region invites and de- 
mands constant watch and scruting lest 
any of its features should be overlooked 
or neglected, or any of its characteristic 
notes be uttered with no appreciative 
ear to receive them or no sympathetic 
hand to record them. 
P.M. Sintoway. 


Collecting, viz: — Oological. 

The O6LoGist is probably 
most popular journal of Natural 
History published in this country. 
Hence itis probably the best key we 
have to the ideas, sentiments and 
working methods of the rising genera- 
tion of odlogists and ornithologists and 
to their progress and retrogression. 

First as tothe progress—A subserip- 
ton list of twenty-five or thirty hundred 
names means some twenty hundred 
people who occasionally at least, come 
in contact with nature and in whom 
there must be regenerated some of 
that love for nature which is the rightful 
inheritance even of the child of the city. 
Therefore in that respect the increase 
which we see in their number is a truly 
great gain. 

As to the retrogression—several 
writers in recent numbers of the “Odt- 
Gist’ have, called attention to it—it is the 
growing spirit of “collecting.” Collect- 
ing for collecting’s sake, collecting to 
increase the collection ; collecting be- 
ing the beginning and end of these would- 
be Odlogists. Odlogy is the study of eggs, 
or better, the shells of eggs. How little 
these collectors tell us about their stud- 
les of the eggs after they have once 


the 


328 


gathered them into their possession ! 
They give us their notes on nidology, or 
the nesting habits, which is all very in- 
teresting and instructive, but which 
certainly might be done without collect- 
ing at all. No. Ithink you will agree 
with me that itis too much the craze 
for collecting. A good and very desir- 
able craze so long asit is kept within 
the boundsof inanimate objects— 
stamps, curios, minerals, and the like ; 
for the collector must necessarily re- 
ceive some benefit from it and no one 
receive any harm. But when extended 
to eggs, birds, and other useful animate 
objects it is, to say the least, injusti- 
fiable. Looking at it from an economic 
and somewhat selfish standpoint, the 
birds are a necessary help to the farm- 
ers and the ultimate decrease in their 
numbers caused by such collecting is 
certainly perceptible ; from a sentiment- 
al and rather less selfish standpoint the 
birds themselves enjoy life and sensibly 
increase the joy and happiness of the 
world about them. For either one of 
these reasons the collector should be 
made to desist his marauders and give 
vent to his craze on some other subjects, 
where less harm will be done. Do not 
think that we wish to condemn or de- 
precate collecting—Not so, but I do 
wish that collectors should realize that 
the only collecting which is justifiable is 
that which is done for the purpose of 
study and is wholly secondary to study, 
and I do wish that public opinion and 
the opinion of those collecting froma 
proper motive would come out in 
stronger condemnation of those who 
attempt to conceal their depredations 
in the cloak science and thus throw the 
science of Odlogy into such disrepute 
that of all people the Odlogist is most 
despised and contemptible in the eyes 
of the farmer and all lovers of the 
country. Against this each and 
every honest lover of nature and each 
and every student of nature should 
make loud protest. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Science is essentially knowledge. In 
the pursuit of any Science the first thing 
to be done is to collect facts ; the sec- 
ond thing is to gain a knowledge of the 
laws which govern the facts—i. e. to ex- 
plain the eggs within any particular set, 
and acomparison of sets of the same 
species. This necessitates collecting, 
but not extensive collecting, for a good 
series of a few species of any one local- 
ity will afford food for thought for some- 
time. Hence I advocate the collecting 
of a large number of eggs of 
a few species—twenty sets of one 
species of Hummingbirds eggs rather 
than one set each of twenty species. If 
one has seen an egg of any one species 
of Hummingbird he has seen an egg 
which will pass for a sample of almost 
all other species, and he would know 
little more, had he samples of each of 
these various species, for he would be 
simply verifying a fact well established 
by hundreds before him—that there is 
little difference, save in size, in all the 
various species of Humuingbirds. 
Were all eggs of any particular species 
of birds laid under precisely similar 
circumstances we might expect the eggs 
to vary as little as the bird which laid 
them, their existence and their relations 
to one another. For the Odlogist by 
far the most accurate and convenient 
method of collecting his facts is to col- 
lect eggs. Each egg is a bunch of facts. 
For example take the Cathbird’s eggs we 
have right before our eyes the fact that it 
hasa thin hard shell, white on the inside,’ 
green on the outside, longer than broad, 
more pointed at one end than at the 
other—and so on. Now it is for the 
scientist to explain these facts. He 
will probably satisfy our demands by 
saying, it is thin in order that air may 
pass through for the growing chick, 
hard that it may not be crushed by the 
setting mother, green because that 
color blends with the green of the bush- 


(Continued on page 337.) 


THE OOLOGIST. 329 


Leach’s Petrel. 


In writing an account of a day’s out- 
ing it is almost invariably the custom 
to make the first few sentences in re- 
gard to the weather. To most persons, 
the state of the weather undoubtedly 
does have a great deal to do toward the 
enjoyability of the trip, and to follow 
this custom I will say that on the twen- 
ty-second of June, 1893, I do not re- 
member whether it was very warm or 
very cold or whether the snn shone or 
not. All I do recollect about this all- 
important subject is that there was 
enough breeze to make the little fish- 
ing boat lean over in a most delightful 
manner, as we hummed along toward 
our destination. 

The “We” included Mr. Chas. K. 
Reed, the fisherman, who received three 
dollars for the use of his boat with his 
services tbrown in, and myself. Now 
Mr. Reed spends about fifty weeks of 
the year mounting birds under his 
‘‘Patent Oval Convex Wall Shades”; the 
other two weeks he always plans to 
spend hunting for eggs and _ for 
recreation. So for about a week we 
had been wandering around among the 
islands of Penobscot Bay, Me. We 
found plenty of recreation but not so 
many eggs. Nevertheless we were 
having a good time and on this particu- 
lar day we were bound for one of the 
outer islands, to see what we could do 
with the Leach’s Petrel or as they are 
known among the fishermen the ‘‘Cary 
Chickens.” 

About eleven o’clock we drew near 
the island. When halfa mile from it 
we knew there were plenty of birds 
there, although not one was to be seen, 
for the wind coming to us from over it 
brought to our nostrils the peculiar 
musky odor which these birds always 
give out. The boat was soon anchored 
in the lee of the land and embarking in 
the dory we rowed to the shore, mak- 
ing a landing without much difficulty. 


The island was about ten acres in ex- 
tent and covered with a growth of 
grass and weeds. A couple of lobster 
fishermen had made it their head- 
quarters and remained there except in 
the coldest of the weather. They came 
down to the shore to inspect us, for vis- 
itors were scarce at that lonely spot. 

We had found out by experience that 
the best way to make friends with 
these Penobscot Bay fishermen was to 
tell them one’s history and _ business 
without being ‘‘pumped” very much 
for it. So we-immediately told them 
that we were ‘‘rusticators,” which is 
a name they have for city people who 
are pleasure-seeking in the country, 
and that we were spending a few days 
around among the islands looking for 
sea birds eggs for our collections. They 
were immediately interested and told 
us to hunt the island over and welcome 
but were afraid we would not tind 
much but ‘‘Cary Chickens.” 

“The Cary Chickens are just what 
we would like to get” we answered. 

‘Take the pesky things,’’ said one of 
them, ‘‘we’ll be glad to get rid of them; 
they bother us so some nights that we 
can’t sleep.” ‘‘Yes,” added the other, 
‘‘after dark they are as thick as skeet- 
ers and we can kill any number by 
throwing sticks in the air; they keep a 
squeaking going all the time that used 
to bother us dreadfully about sleeping.” 

In its breeding habits the Leach’s 
Petrel is a nocturnal bird, coming and 
going to its nesting place only after 
dark. 

Upon turning our attention to the 
island we found it completely honey- 
combed witn the burrows of the Petrel; 
some witnin a few feet of the fisher- 
men’s rude shanty; burrows here, there, 
everywhere; hundreds of them, thous- 
ands of them wherever there was soil 


enough to dig into; but where were the 


birds? Not one was in sight, not a 
wing fluttered over the island, not one 
in sight over the sea. 


330 THE OOLOGIST. 


Rolling up our sleeves and getting 
down on all fours we let these medita- 
tions take care of themselves, while we 
started our arms on an exploring ex- 
pedition into some of the holes. . Soon 
the first egg came to sight. Whata 
beauty it was before it was blown with 
its delicate pinkish color and the little 
ring of fine spots around the large end. 
I did not stop long to admire it, for I 
wanted some more. Soon another 
beauty was unearthed and then an- 
other and so on until I lost count. We 
began to hunt for easier places to dig, 
where the earth was softer, and there 
found the burrows thicker, sometimes 
running together. 

I noticed that several had recently 
been dug out, and wondered what cor- 
lector had visited the island. Upon in- 
quiring I learned that he was a resident 
of the place and he soon put in an ap- 
pearance in the shape of a large New- 
foundland dog. Seeing all hands dig- 
ging doggie seemed to fear that his 
rights were being encroached upon. 
Sticking his nose into a hole, he sniffed 
once or twice and deciding that it con- 
tained a bird, a few strokes with his 
powerful paws and it was unearthed; 
then a crunching of little bones and the 
poor chickey had disappeared where 
many a one had gone before. For the 
fisherman told us that the dog lived 
almost entirely on the petrel in the 
summer time. 

All hands, ineluding the dog. resum- 
ed digging. We were just at the right 
season, for nearly every hole contained 
an egg. In none of them did incuba- 
tion appear to have advanced more 
than a week, but it was hard work dig- 
ging them out although the burrows 
were not very long, ranging from two 
and one-half to three and one-half feet 
in length, and very crooked,often mak- 
ing a complete double on themselves, 
and ending up near the entrance and 
sometimes directly underneath it. 

The ‘nest, which was placed at the 


end of the burrrow, was simply a layer 
of dried grass, very slightly hollowed. 
One egg was the full set, and I have 
never known of their laying more. The 
bird was generaly on the nest; although 
I saw a few containing fresh eggs 
which the birds had left to take care of 
themselves, probably not yet being 
ready to begin sitting. In afew bur- 
rows both the male and female were 
present, and in every such case there 
was no egg. Both birds assist in incu- 
bation, relieving each other at night, 
for out of two dozen birds taken from 
the nests there were two or three more 
males than females in the lot. In their 
habits they are very cleanly, there be- 
ingno filth inside or around the en- 
trance to their homes. With the excep- 
tion of a few unfinished burrows, there 
was no earth left around the entrance. 
The same sites are probably used year 
after year, for only a few were found 
vacant. 

The birds when taken from their 
nests, appeared stupified and tried to 
find a place in which to crawl out of 
sight. Some would simply tuck their 
heads under a stone, or piece of sod 
and then imagine themselves safe from 
pursuit; others would run a few yards 
through the grass and then take flight. 
When once in the air, they would cir- 
cle around once or twice to get their 
bearings, and then start for the open 
sea and were soon lost to sight. While 
over the land their flight much resem- 
ted the Night hawk’s. I did not hear 
inem utter any note. 

There is one dirty habit these birds 
have, whlch I wish they would remedy 
before I visit them again. When you 
pick one up to examine it, it blinks its 
eyes a few times ina stupid sort of a 
way, opens its bill and gasps once or 
twice, and then with a funny jerk of 
its head, vomits forth about a teaspoon- 
ful of oil over your hands and clothes. 
This oil is quite clear and varies in col- 
or from light straw to reddish-yellow, it 


THE OOLOGIST 931 


is what gives the birds that striking 
odor. A little of it goes a good ways. 
Eggs and skins of these birds which 
have been kept for years still retain 
the scent: 

There is a very odd thing which the 
fishermen told about them, and both 
told the same story. I will repeat it 
and the readers of the ,‘OdLoGIST’’ may 
take it for what it is worth. They said 
that early in the spring, before the 
ground thawed, they dug out several of 
the Petrel which were apparently dead, 
but upon being placed near the fire, 
they soon completely revived. Quite 
a number of holes were dug into, and 
most of them contained birds in this 
condition. The fishermen were of the 
Opinion that many birds remained in 
this state during the entire winter. As 
for myself, I hardly like to believe it 
and I would be thankful to the person 
who looks it up and finds out the truth. 

Besides the Petrel, there was very 
little else on the island. A few Com- 
mon Tern hovered over one (end; the 
Song and Savanna Sparrows chirped 
around in the grass and stones. Three 
sets of Spotted Sandpiper were taken. 

Ona rocky point several Black Guille- 
mots evidently made their home, and 
had nests underneath the rocks, but 
one would need a derrick to get at 
them. I did not try to get any,. for I 
had securred several sets two years be- 
fore on another island in the bay. 

Having gathered all the eggs I cared 
for I wandered over to where Mr. Reed 
was; he too, was satisfied. He did not 
look so fresh as he did when we landed; 
he did not look as clean; in fact he was 
decidedly dirty. His ears and eyes 
were full of dirt; his nose was smutty, 
his arms and hands were scratched and 
his clothes were torn. He said he bet 
I was as dirty as he was; we left it to 
one of the fishermen, who said he would 
have to toss up a quarter to decide. 
No one had that amount of money, 
so we are still in doubt. 


It was with reluctance that we left 
the island with its thousands of birds 
sitting on their eggs just underneath 
the surface. How I would like to have 
remained over night and watched the 
strange scenes that would then occur, 
when thousands of birds would come 
from their burrows and as many more 
would come from their distant flight 
over the sea. 

It was impossible however to remain 
longer, but as I watched the little island 
fading from sight over the stern, I 
made a vow that if ever I had an op- 
portunity to remain in a Petrel village 
over night, I most certainly would im- 
prove it. 

H. T. VANOSTRAND, 
Millbury, Mass. 


Nesting Habits of the Chestnut-sided Warbler 


As I understand it Mr. Editor you do 
not desire notes on our common. birds 
as the habits have been repeatedly de- 
scribed in your columns. Therefore in 
describing this species there is a good 
chance that my writing will go for 
naught, as it is a well known Warbler. 
However, I will chance afew pages of 
manuscript as I believe the notes to be 
of interest to many who happen to live 
in sections where this agreeable undem- 
onstrative little Warbler is rare. 

Of the family Sylincolide, there is, 
perhaps no other of the long known 
members who has been recorded as ir- 
regularly, both as to locality and date 
of arrival as this. If my readers will 
take the time to look over a goodly 
number of authorities it will be found 
that discrepancies occur concerning 
this species. Audubon, I believe and 
several other prominient ornithologists 
consider this Warbler quite rare. 
Then, too, there are observers who 
have found the bird abundant, and 
again very rare. In fact, this condition, 
due toa change of location for breed- 


ing, is quite noticeable in this Warbler. 


382 THE OOLOGIST. 


It is fair to allow that the require- 
ments of the species during the nesting 
season cause the birds to change their 
location, as we are not disposed to ad- 
mit that birds vary their selection with- 
out reason. Nevertheless repeated ,in- 
stances in the experience of others as 
well as in the case of my own records, 
indicate that the Chestnut-sided some- 
times fails to visit a neighborhood 
where it was formerly abundant, and 
from no reason that can be discovered 
by careful study. Careful observations 
have fully demonstrated that the settle- 
ment of a locality tends to increase the 
number of species of birds, and in those 
sections not too thickly inhabitated by 
man it is safe to estimate that one-half 
more species of birds are now found 
than were present before the locality 
was invaded by settlers. Asa rule, so 
far as my experience goes, the Chestnut- 
sided selects partial clearings for its 
summer home, or where clearings have 
been on low land and the weeds, vines 
and underbrush have sprung up on old 
burns and slashings, In situations of 
this nature I have found the species 
abundant in three counties in the Low- 
' er Peninsula south of 44 degrees north 
latitude. A further clearing of the 
land and its cultivation of course re- 
sults in the removal of the birds, but 
the species strangely enough sometimes 
leaves a section, admirably adapted to 
their wants, and without a reason as 
yet discovered. Often recorded as a 
migrant and passing to the North, by 
young observers, when.a little careful 
inquiry would show that it is a summer 
resident in the neighborhood. 

My earliest date of arrival is April 
25th and one season it was not recorded 
until May 12th, but I feel confident 
that the birds are always within our 
state boundaries by May ist and per- 
haps earlier, These late notes are gen- 
erally not exact and result from care- 
lessness or lack of sharp eyes on the 
part of the recorder. 


Soon after arrival the simple yet 
characteristic song is heard, and is 
daily offered until about the middle of 
July after which they are silent except- 
ing for their call notes,until well toward 
the close of August at which time the 
song is occasionally heard. But at this 
second period of song there is seldom or 
never a prolonged musical effort and 
the notes are not uttered with the 
heartiness of the vernal utterance. 

The more common song is: che che 
che che che we we we o we Then again 
the following syllables represent the 
notes: choo a choo a che che 0 wee 0 wee 
wee rapidly uttered. Still another song 
not as often heard, and difficult to ex- 
press in syllables, goes something like 
this, tsts tsis ists chee ah. The first part 
tsis is sometimes only given once, and 
again five or six times, while the last 
part of song is varied in key. 

It is fair to consider this bird essenti- 
ally a bush warbler as it confines itself 
to low trees and bushes, and is rarely 
found in tall trees excepting during mi- 
grations. While nesting it is more 
commonly found about thickets and 
bramble patches, often near the edges 
of streams or lakes and ponds and gen- 
erally on or near low dark soil; still I 
have found it breeding in hazel thickets 
on high and sandy tracts. Generally 
the species prefer the edges of elm and 
ash forests for its nesting grounds and 
most of the nests coming to my notice 
were in partial clearings where the 
raspberry and blackberry bushes formed 
thick clumps. 

In favorable seasons a good many 
nests were discovered and I recall two 
years when at least thirty nests were 
found, all in situations as described 
above. My first nest was discovered in 
Kalamazoo Co., on May 20, 1874. It 
contained four fresheggs. This was an 
early find and I ‘never took another 
complete set so early in the month. 
For five years the birds nested regular- 
ly in my locality, but not a nest has 


THE OOLOGIST | 333 


been found in the neighborhood, lati- 
tude about 42-20 North, since 1878. 
However, a nest was discovered a few 
miles from the old place, within the 
last year or two. The best time to se- 
cure fresh eggs was in early June, and 
on the first of the month, 1877 five nests 
with eggs rewarded my search. 

The nests are generally placed from 
three to four feet up when in small 
bushes, and sometimesin a crotch quite 
six feet from the ground, while many 
nests have come under my observation 
not over one or two feet above the 
ground. These lowest sites were usu- 
ally in recumbent raspberry vines. 
The structure is not well put together, 
and will compare fairly well with nests 
of the Black-throated Blue and Hooded 
Warblers as to durability, and though 
lacking the nicity of lining of the former 
and the bleached leaves of the latter, it 
is composed of much the same material, 
namely, dead grass coarse and fine, fine 
roots, occasionally grape vine strips 
rarely afew fine twigs. Some nests 
contained hors: hair. Oliver Davie 
leads one to think that the nest some- 
what resembles that of the Yellow 
Warbler, but it is fair to assert that 
they are in no respect alike, either in 
appearance or material. 

In 1878 and 79 I found this bird a 
common summer resident of Kent and 
Ottawa counties, latitude about 48 de- 
grees North. The years 1880-83 inclu- 
sive the Chestnut-sided was summering 
in Montcalm and Newaygo counties. 
In 1885 and 91 I met with this bird on 
Macinac Island, and have found it also 
on the Northern Peninsula as well as 
in the counties on the Southern bound- 
ary of the state. 

The birds generally select ‘the mar- 
gins of pineries at the north but prefer 


the clearings where there is a second 
growth. If there has been a burning 
the birds always select it and are most 
at home in spots chosen by the Prairie 


and Mourning Warblers, White-throat- 
ed Sparrows and Juncos. 

The eggs are three or four in number 
more often three, but five eggs have 
been taken. Commonly speaking they 
are white, spotted with reddish-brown. 
But to describe a series of eggs would 
occupy much space,for they vary great- 
ly. Sometimes there are but few spots 
on the surface, and again they are very 
numerous 2nd some specimens are so 
blotched at the larger end that the 
whole butt is covered with reddish- 
brown or a kind of purplish or laven- 
der. The dimensions of the eggs do 
not differ to any great extent and in 
my series of measurements there was 
but shght difference. 

On being flushed from the nest of 
eggs the old bird drops almost to the 
ground and flitsinto a thicket near by 
and usually remains out of sight while 
the stroller is at hand, and the bird’s 
presence is only known by the call-notes 
uttered from the thicket. When the 
eggs are well advanced in incubation 
or after the young are hatched the old 
birds become quite uneasy at our pres- 
ence and flit about and chirp excitedly 

Both birds set upon the eggs, as with, 
J presume all the Warblers I am ac- 
quainted with seven members of this 
family, where the old lLirds join issue 
in the duties of incubation. 

Morris GIpss. 


ee 


The Ornithology of a Church Yard. 

About three miles south-east of Ber- 
wyn and fifteen from Philadelphia, nest- 
ing in a secluded hollow of a quiet 
neighborhood, stands a quaint old 
building known as the St. David’s Epis- 
copal chureb. 

Over the large chancel window we 
Read cAe Wee Waa In this | little 
church, men whose, names and deeds 
are known to all the country; have 
worshiped, in the time gone by. On 
all sides of the church, aye even under 


334 THE OOLOGIST. 


the very doorstep,foundation and aisle, 
lie the dead of a century and a half and 
more. Here lie a number of revolu- 
tionary patriots, whose graves are un- 
marked save by a number of small 
flags. Their names and deeds alike 
forgotten. A modest block of marble 
marks the last resting place of the 
bones of “Mad Anthony’ Wayne of 
whom the Indian chief said ‘“‘He never 
sleeps’ an who threatened to ‘‘rise from 
his grave and fight them” should the 
Indians dare break their treaty. At 
the time of his death he was command- 
er-in-chief of the United States Army. 
Gf others I have not space to write. In 
this building the British redcoats, at 
one time quartered their horses. Large 
pines, oaks, spruce, cedars, gum and 
various other trees, many of which 
have seen a hundred years roll by, rise 
above the tombs and church. Many 


plants and shrubs of old fashioned and. 


little known species are scattered about 
under the wide spreading trees. While 
the earth is as white and cold as the 
tombstones, the birds alone break the 
prevailing silence and monotony. The 
noisy ‘‘caw caw” of the crows as they 
fly in large masses and hold front to 
their feeding ground, in the early 
morning, or back to roost in long seem- 
ingly endless trains, in the dusk of eve- 
ning; the sweet, mellow whistle of the 
Meadowlark. ““We-te-see-re-ee,’’ the 
Sparrow Hawk’s exaltant ery, shrill 
and savage; the cheery how-do-you-do 
of the Black-eapped Chickadee, Nut- 


hatch, or Downy Woodpecker, uttered 


in a variety of language, but none the 
less hearty for that, with now and then 
the notes of a Flicker given in his own 
rollicking manner, the ‘“‘ ree-wk chow- 
chow” of the Cardinal, the ‘‘rusty 
wheelbarrow”’ notes of the Blue Jay, or 
the ‘“‘tsep” of the Song Sparroy, in the 
swamp beyond the wall, little else is 
heard. lest it be the soft silvery notes 
of the Juncos and Tree Sparrows as they 
talk confidentially among themselves;or 


when the shadows commence trailing’, 
the moaning notes, so sad and wild, of 
the Screech Owl, from :the evergreens. 
The ery of this bird invariably turns 
the listener’s thoughts to that which is 
solemn and grave. 

But witb the spring comes the sweet- 
er musicians to raise their broods and 
to pour out their songs of love, of exal- 
tation and of triumph. Very early 
comes the Bluebird, Robin, Goldfinch, 
Cedar Waxwing, Purple Grackle, Kill- 
deer and Spotted Sandpiper, and not 
to leave until very late in the year. 
The Phoebe, Mourning Dove, Red-wing- 
ed Blackbird, Crested Flycatcher, King- 
bird, Red-eyed, White-eyed, and Warb- 
ling Vireos, Field, Chipping and Vesper 
Sparrows, Indigo Bunting, Brown 
Thrasher, Wood Thrush, Catbird House > 
Wren, Yellow-billed Cuckoo, Chimney 
Swift and Barn Swallow following after 
according to their nature and the 
weather. 

The flute-like notes of the Wood 
Thrush leads, with the scarcely less 
wonderful songs of the Brown Thrash- 
er, Catbird, Robin, Vesper Sparrow, In- 
digo Bunting and others to keep the 
air vibrating with music, and the grand 
chorus of all the remaining birds to 
add volume to the strain, to make up 
the balance of the noise or complete 
the pastoral effect, the eye and ear are 
at once charmed. As I look and listen 
I think what a resting place this would 
have been for the ‘‘Father of American 
Ornithology,” the great Alexander Wil- 
son, whose wish it was that he might 
be buried where the birds could sing 
over his grave. 

Midway, although not by the most 
direct route, between the homes of Au- 
dubon and. Wilson; there is little doubt 


but that both of these great Ornitholo- 
gists have traversed this same ground 
in their wanderings and search for new 
and unnamed species. 

FRANK L. BURNS. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Notes from Audubon's Biography. 


FRED W. PARKHURST. 
Part VI. 

On the first day of August, 1836, Au- 
dubon and his son took passage on the 
American Packet ship the ‘‘Gladiator,” 
commanded by Thomas Britton, Esq., 
and proceeded on their voyage to New 
York. Arriving in New York they 
went directly to the house of Audubon’s 
brother-in-law Nicholas Berthoud. 
Leaving his son in New York Audubon 
went on to Boston, where under the 
roof of his generous friend Dr. George 
C. Shattuck he enjoyed life for a while. 
Through the kindness of Dr. Shattuck 
Audubon secured several more subserib- 
ers in Boston, and made the acquaint- 
ance of Thomas M. Brewer, from whom 
he 1eceivied many kindnesses. Push- 
ing on to Salem he secured a few more 
subscribers and formed a number of 
acquaintances. Soon after he returned 
to Boston and heard of the arrival of 
Thomas Nuttall from an _ extended 
journey over the Rocky Mountains to 
the Pacific Coast. Nuttall generously 
gave Audubon from the store of speci- 
mens which he brought with him all of 
which Audubon was unfamiliar with 
and which he desired to figure in the 
‘Birds of America.” 

From New York Audubon went to 
Philadelphia, where Dr. Townsend’s 
collection was, which he was very anx- 
iousto examine. On his arrival there 
he found Dr. Townsend out of the city, 
but obtained access to the collection. 
Thomas Nuttall had not yet returned, 
and loud murmurs were uttered by the 
soidisant friends of Science, who object- 
ed to Audubon’s examination of the col- 
lection, and would not consent that he 
should portray and describe those spec- 
imens which were not included in the 
list of American Fauna. It was agreed 
at last that he might parchase dupli- 
cates, provided the specific names agreed 


000 


upon by Audubon and Nutall were pub- 
lished in Dr. Townsend’s name. The 
latter part of the agreement was satis- 
factory to Audubon, as he was never 
eager to be the discoverer of new sype- 
cies. Of his treatment by those so-call 
ed scientists in Philedelphia Audubon 
remarks; ‘‘Let me assure you, reader, 
that seldom, if ever, in my life have I 
felt more digusted with the conduct of 
opponents of mine than I was with the 
unfriendly boasters of their zeal for the 
advancement of ornithological science, 
who at the time existed in the fair city 
of Philadelphia.” 

On a journey from Louisville to Hen- 
derson, performed during very severe 
weather, in company with Mr. T. 
a foreigner, Audubon’s companion, spy- 
ing a beautiful animal marked with black 
and pure yellow, and having a long 
bushy tail, exclaimed, ‘““Mr. Audubon, 
is not that a beautiful squirrel ?” 
“Yes,’’ replied Audubon, ‘‘aud of a 
kind that will suffer you to approach it 
and lay hold of it if you are gloved.” Mr. 
AN , dismounting, took up a dry stick 
and advanced toward the animal, with 
his large cloak floating in the breeze. He 
approached the animal carefully and 
gently laid his stick across the skunk, 
for such the ‘‘beautiful squirrel’? was. 
The pole-cat raised its fine bushy tail and 
showered such a discharge of the fluid 
given him by nature asa defence, that 
Mr. T. ——, dismayed and infuriated, 
began to belabor the poor brute. The 
swiftness and good management of the 
skunk, however, saved its bones; and 
as it made its retreat toward its hole, it 
kept up at every step a continued eject- 
ment, which fully convinced the gentle- 
man that the pursuit of such squirrels 
as these was at the best an unprofit- 
able employment. 

From Philadelphia Audubon bent his 
course toward Baltimore, where ~he 
spent a few days. Before leaving Phil- 
adelphia Audubon’sfriend Hdward Har- 


“ris had promised to meet him in Char- 


336 THE OOLOGIST. 


leston for the purpose of accompanying 
Audubon and his party along the west- 
ern coast of the Floridas, and the Gulf 
of Mexico at least as far as Galveston 
Island in Texas. 

On his arrival in Washington Aubu- 
bon presented himself to the Hon. Leyi 
Woodbury, Secretary of the Treasury, 
a gentleman of learning, and one who 
had always been favorably inclined 
towards Audubon; and he at once 
assured them that he would if possible 
grant them one of our Revenue Cutters 
for the intended voyage. The war be- 
tween the Seminole Indians and the 
citizens of Florida, which was raging 
fiercely at the time, tended strongly to 
frustrate all their plans, as every avail- 
able yessel of this class which was un- 
der the control of Mr. Woodbury was 
engaged on the coast of. the Peninsula. 
Audubon then called on President Jack- 
son, from whom, since 1819, he had re- 
ceived many favors, and he also assured 
Audubon of his wish to be of assistance 
to him. 

They now proceeded towards Char- 
leston, S. C., travelling the latter part 
of the way on a most extraordinary 
railroad, Audubon says, and reached in 
safety the house of Audubon’s 
worthy friend Dr. John Bachman. It 
was indeed a happy meeting, for ever 
since their acquaintance was commen- 
ced in the streets of Charleston the two 
had been the best of friends. At Dr. 
Bachman’s house the box containing 
Dr. Townsend's precious series of birds 
was opened, and while awaiting the ar- 
rival of Edward Harris, Audubon drew 
upwards of seventy figures, and was 
vssisted in the finishing of the plants, 
branches and flowers which accompan- 
ied each figure, by Dr. Bachman’s sister- 
in-law Miss M. Martin. While in Char- 
leston the agreeable tidings was receiv- 
ed that Audubon had been elected a 
member of the Ornithological Society 
of London. Soon afterwards Edward 
Harris putin his appearance, but no 


Revenne Cutter, and the spring being 
very near they pushed on to New Or- 
leans, where Audubon had been inform- 
ed by Government letters that he should 
find a vessel. After several days of 
hard travel they arrived at Montgom- 
ery, Ala., and secured passage on a 
steamer bound for Mobile, and reached 
there the following day. Two days 
were spent in Mobile examining 
the neighborhood, after which they pro- 
ceeded to Pensacola. Here Audubon 
made the long sought aquaintance of 
Mr. Innerarity, to whom he had letters 
from his friend Alexander Gordon; and 
who introduced Audubon to ail persons 
who were likely to foward their views. 
The next morning Mr. Innerarity ac- 
companied them on board the United 
States frigate the ‘“‘Constellation,’’ and 
presented Audubon and his little com- 
pany to Commodore Dallas, to whom 
Audubon had letters of introduction _ 
from the Government. The gallant 
Commodore received them with great 
kindness, and, after reading Audubon’s 
letters, assured him that as soon asa 
cutter could be spared it should be plac- 
ed at his service, and that the inform- 
ation would be transferred to him 
through the medium of the Collector of 
Customs at New Orleans or Mobile. Af: 
ter searching the country around Pen- 
sacola they returned to Mobile and pro- 
ceeded to New Orleans by steamer. 
We will follow Audubon on his Gulf 
trip in the next number. 


(TO BE CONTINUED). 


Grasshopper Sparrow in Ontario Qo., N- Y. 


B.S. BowpisH. 


On June 3d. of the present year, a 
bright and beautiful day, I started forth 
ona quiet stroll of investigation among 


~ the feathered denizens of wood and 


field. As I left the highway and started 
across a clover meadow, my attention 
was attracted by a somewhat suspic- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ious looking clump of stubbie, and _ in- 
vestigating it I found myself gazing in- 
to a nest which I at first took to be an 
- unusual one of the Grass Finch, but 
which a second look convinced me to 
be a strange one to me. 

It was composed of fine dry grasses, 
and a portion of these intertwined with 
the stubble in which the nest was situ- 
ated, formed a very neat canopy, with 
an entrance on the side, facing the 
west. 

In removing the nest the canopy 
seemed to settle and unite with the rim. 
The nest exhibited the following meas- 
urements: Diameter outside 44 inches, 
inside 24 inches; depth outside 3 inches, 
inside 24 inches. 

The contents were a beautiful set of 
five eggs, of a clear white ground color, 
thickly marked with fine specks and 
larger blotches of pale reddish-brown 
and lilac, congregating most thickly 
about the Jarger end, where in several 
cases they formed a quite distinct 
wreath. They were what might be 
termed pyriform-oval in shape. 

No bird was around, and the eggs 
being cold and damp, the nest had no 
doubt, from some cause been deserted. 
Incubation proved to be fresh. 

The nest was sunk in the ground, the 
canopy anda firm, well built rim about 
one-half inch wide being above the sur- 
face. 

Although I had never actually ob- 
served the Yellow-winged Sparrow 


breeding here, I knew it to be a sum- 


mer resident, and had no hesitation in 
ascribing the identity of this nest to it. 
The eggs would average in size .75x.55. 

On June 23d I was convinced of the 
accuracy of the identity of this set, be- 
yond a doubt, as while walking along a 
path through a clover meadow, I saw 
seated on a nest in’a clover tuft beside 
the path, one of these beautiful little 
birds. It never left the nest till my 
hand was almost upon it, when it dart- 
ed off in a quick zig zag flight for a few 
rods and settled in the grass. 


387 


With the exception of the canopy 
covering, which in this case was want- 
ing, nest and eggs were the exact 
counterpart of the first ones. 

Leaving the nest undisturbed, I next 
morning went with my gun and _ se- 
cured the bird as it left the nest. It 
proved to be the male, of about the ty- 
pical coloring, with the usual bright 
yellow wing edging, but with less of a 
yellowish cast than is usual, in the 
median line, interscapsulars, and under 
feathers. 

The nest measured: Diameter out- 
side 4 inches, inside 2} inches; depth 
outside 3 inches, inside 24 inches. Like 
the first nest, the bottom was frail and 
the remainder of the structure rather 
more poorly built. Incubation in this 
set was advanced. 

This bird is of quiet inconspicuous 
nature, its coloring from a distance 
rendeving it similar to the really much 
larger Geass Finch in the eye of the 
casual observer, its song blending with 
that of winged insects, (causing it to be 
called Grasshopper Sparrow) 
and from these causes it often remains 
unsuspected where really not uncom- 
mon. 

The stomach contents of the above 
specimen partook of both insect and 
vegetable nature. 

Phelps, N. Y., Sept. 2, 1894. 


<<a >—+ 


COLLECTING VIZ :— OOLOGLICAL. 
(Continued from page 328.) 


es where it lays and makes it less con- 
Sspicuous, and as to shape we see a 
most plausible explanation in the 
Sept. O6LoGIsr—but why white on the 
inside, and why such variation in shape 
and sizeof egg in the same nest. In 
connection with Odlogy there has been 
a great amount of collecting done, but 
very little studying. Coloration is an 
especially fertile field—particularly so is 
the coloration of sets—a comparison of 
the circumstances are different and the 
eggs are different. Witha fairly large 


a 


308 


series of sets of any one species, accom- 
panied by full and careful data it is not 
an unreasonably dix<uit task to explain 
the variations—in snort there is very 
apt to be more food for thought ina 
series of one species or several closely re- 
lated species than in a few samples of a 
great Many species. 

The study of eggs of the same individ- 
ual bird is probably the richest field in 
Oblogy, but one which is only open to 
those living in the country. 

Finally in order that any good at all 
may be gotten froma collection, full, 
eareful, and absolutely accurate data 
must accompany each set. 

We are none of us too careful or 
thoughtful. Let us ail consider more 
fully each time we take an egg that we 
are destroying Nature’s blithest sweetest 
creatures, the greatest friend of the far- 
mer and all dependent upon him. 
Wrest your heart from your cabinet 
and let it throb to the pulse ot Nat- 


ure’s. Gro. H. Gray, 
Baltimore, Md. 
OCTOBER CONTEST. 
Forty-six Judges. 

1. A Study of Nests, 210. 

2. Traill’s Flycatcher, 142. 

3. Notes from Audubun’s Biography, 
129. 

4. Nesting Habits of the Golden- 


winged Warbler, 112. 

5. An Oblogist of Early Day, ‘78. 

The Judges prizes were awarded as 
follows :— 

1. No. 18—H. E. Ward, Kensington, 
Ills. 

2. No. 25—H. Gould Welborn, Lex- 
ington, N. C. 

3. No. 42—Alex. H. Noel, 
Mo. 

4, No. 8—Walton Mitchell, St. Panl, 
Minn. 

5. No. 18—Harold M. Holland, Gales- 
burg, Ills. 

No. 16—F 
Is. 

No. 383—Wm.'C. Thro, Elmira, N. Y. 

Judges No’s 18, 25 and 42 named the 
winning articles in their exact order erase 
No’s 38, 43, 16 and 33 placed them 1, 3, 2, 
4,5 v0. 

All prizes were mailed on November 
8th. 


St. Louis, 


rank N. Wright, Virden, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OOLOGIST, 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher 
ALBION, N. Y. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 
Single Subscription - - 50¢ per annum 
Sample Copies - - 5c each 
The above rates include payment. of postage by us. 


Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good 
for an Exchange Notice and the other tor 25c. 
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 

Subscriptions can begin with any number. 
Back humbers of the OoLoGcisr can be furnish 
ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- 
tions and prices. 

("Remember that: the publisher must be no- 
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa- 
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. 


ADVERTISING RATES: 
20 CENTS PER’ NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION. 


Twelve lines in every inch. 
SPECIAL RATES, for advertisements continued 


Three months or more, per lin€...............- 15¢ 
Six months or more, per line........ sons ccHleeAG 
Twelve months or more, per line............ -.10€ 


ALTERNATIVE RATES. 


For advertisements occupying any one issue 
One-hali column (42 lines) or more, per line....15¢ 
One column (84 lines) or more, per line...... 12¢ 
One page (168 lines) Or more. per line........ --10€ 


Cash must accompany all orders. 


Remittances should be made by Dratt, Express 
or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or 
Postal Note. Unused U. 8S. Postage Stamps of 
any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un- 
der one dollar.’ Make Money Orders and Drafts 
payable and address all subscriptions and com- 
munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, 

Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y. 


*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries 
for publication should be forwarded as early in 
the month as possible. 


T THE POST OFFICE AT ALSION, N. Y., AS SECOND-GCLASS MATTER, 


Aenea 


You Are a Judge. 


Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the first day of December 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which you have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIST and 
mail to us. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes should 
be awarded. 

We give our Judges five prizes hav- 
ing an ageregate value of over $5, one 
to each of the five whose decisions are 
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


1 Want An Epo Collection! 


I have had hundreds of them during the past fifteen years ranging in value from a‘‘few cents” 
to thousands of dollars but, I never picked or set aside—in all these years or from all of these col- 
lections—a single specimen for a personal collection, although I’ve freqnently thought of starting 
one. I have the fever real bad but find that in order to allay the same that I must begin way back 
with the ‘‘small boy” in the earliest stages of forming an oological collection and that as a starter 
I shall require sets of such rare species as the Robin, Catbird, Brown Thrasher, House Finch and 
even the Hnglish Sparrow. 

Hence [ have decided that during the first thirty days of my collection’s career, that I will ac- 
cept strictly A No. 1 full and complete sets of any speciés recognized as belonging to the North 
American Fauna. 

The authenticity of these sets must be unquestionable and the data accompanying the same 
must be very complete. 

I prefer (am not positive on these points however) to receive sets of °94 collecting and direct 
from the original collector. 

Now if you have one or more sets which you think would please me and which you will ex- 
change at full Standard Catalogue rates for anything I offer bslow at prices quoted I want them 
and wish that you would send on at once prepaid. 

Remember I will only accept such sets as I have designated and on Conditions named. and al- 
though I will accept any number of sets from a single collector—I will not accept more than a sin- 
gle set of a species from the same party—I also reserve the privilege to return any set not up to 
my standard and also the duplicate sets of many species which I shall undoubtedly receive. should 
I so desire. Your specimens are to be sent at your risk and prepaid. I willsend all return pack- 
ages prepaid and at my risk. 

This offer is a very broad one and will never be repeated—it will hold in force until Dec. 15th 
not a single day later. 

I have no time to correspond over this matter, hence do not write mein relation to the same 
unless your letter is accompanied with specimens. Faithfully, 

FRANK H. LATTIN. 


309 


The following are the articles and the prices at which I of- 


fer them in exchange for the above: 


“Bird Life in Labrador,” Stearns.............. Soe Shoehhe Ore Siml@lke IMs 25 
“Birdsjor Michigan, Cook..-...2. 122.2 ae 5 Spar Scarf or Stick Pins, all different... 1 00 
“Standard Catalogue of N. A. Birds” i Spar Charm containing views of World’s 
“Methods in the Art of Taxidermy’’ Davie 20 00 DEE WU SES ca Gc alee era nthe schon pu Yes UREA oN EN sles colt 50 
Tekereraanits, Cree yo)abay Spoyey hls eae tee eden eenees es 50  Geodes, selected complete specimens, 


FO OW O GH el S92 sb OU Ceseerere eee eee 1 00 
An assortment of showy shells for ornamental 


about 3 in. in diam 1 00 


purposes, worth any amount from $1 to $50— 
as you may elect, my selection; and should 
you select this lot it must go by Express or 
Freight at your expense. 


Rare Starfish (&chinaster sentus)....2.....--.-- 50 
Mammoth Purple Pacific Sea Urchin....... 1 00 
FSA @ a TE ONS Ss eee ore ays 50 
Egg of Hammerhead Shark Lae 25 
NCOEnMY Barnacle OUD ee 15 
Scaphites nodosus, Fossil, very fine Speci- 
mens at 15, 25, 50cand $1 
Scorpion, nicely mounted in box......... -..... ib) 
Porcupine Fish, nicesmall specimen .. 100 
‘Chameleon, Alcoholic specimen in bottle. 50 
Sea Fern, choice eel 50 
BSS SED LEI aN ec ak I aL Re Pte a 25 
{ONUIENO) SOOO ee ae By cepa a anil 25, 50 and 1 00 
‘Cat’s Eye Searf or Stick Pin, either dark 
OTC VVC iyo eee eee peace 50 


Novelties—My selection from stock left on 
hand, such as Loffered as premiums with the 
OOLOGIST, any amount from 50c to $10. 


_Fishing Tackle from stock on hand, my selec- 
tion, any amount from 50c to $5, 


Opals, beautiful polished Mexican specimens, 
$1 to $d. 


; Azurite and Malachite, showy specimens, 25c 
o $. : 


Agates, beautiful, 
from Brazil, 35c to $5. 


Agate Watch charm, same as last, 50c. 
Trilobites, Calymene senaria, seconds, 50c. 


Scientific Shells, carefully labelled collections 
of any value you may wish, from $1 to $200 or 
over. 


selected polished ones 


Address ali letters and packages that have connection with 


anything mentioned on this page, plainly and in full to 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 


ORLEANS CO., 


ALBION, N. Y. 


340 


YOUNG NATURALISTS! 


the money. Nearly 1,000sold in the past three years. 


“Young Idea’’ Mineral Cabinet. 


eld 


aS ae 


22 Nd a > 


MM 


Led 


LM 


Contains 15 varieties of rare minerals, as fol- 
lows: Coquina, Calc Spar, Fluorite, Feldspar, 
Silver Ore, Serpentine, Calamine,Syenite,Tour- 
mMmaline, Milky Quartz, Drusy Quartz, Hematite, 
Marcasite, Galena and Zinc Ore, all labelled and 
secured ina neat tray, like cut, postpaid for 25c. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Make a ietant in the right direction by purchas- 
ing Bartlett’s Cabinet. Well worth double 


Neat, novel and instructive to study. 
“Eclipse’’ Curiosity Cabinet. 


Contains Chinese Poker Chip, ¢ Chinese Napkin, 
Chinese Lottery Ticket, Star-fish, Giant Tree- 


Bark Cal., Red Sea Bean, Alligator Tooth, 3. 
Yellow Wax Shells, Marine Algs, Gypsum 
Crystals, Bloody Tooth Shell, Chinese Cash 
Coin. Flexible Coral, 3 Boat Shells, Egg of Peri- 
winkle, Drab Sea Bean, Sunfiower Coral, 3 
Money Cowry Shells and Fossil Crinoid. All 
labeled name and locality and in partitioned 
pox like cut. Sent postpaid for 25cts. 


Reliable Coin and Stamp Guide, 50 pages, givingrprices paid for all U.S. and Foreign Coins and 


Stamps, 15c. Funny Chinese Chop Sticks. 
claimed they eat soup with them. 
500 years old, 4 for 10c. 
doz. 


The knife, fork and spoon of the Chinamen. 
Ebony wood, a foot long. 
Perfect Indian Arrow Heads, with locality, 4 for 25c,6 for 35c, 65¢ per 
All postpaid. No, I no longer issue a catalogue. 


R.E. BARTLETT, 99 STATE ST., ROCKFORD, 


It is. 


10ca pair. Chinese Cash Coins, 


ILLS. 


TAXIDERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons 


Pistols, Gun Cases, Shooting Shot Shells; also 


co SPECIMEN HUNTERS. 


tridges for 
All Kinds, all prices from $!.00 to $25.00. List 
free. Write for Taxidermist’s free list. 


JAMES H. JOHNSTON, 


PITTSBURG, PA. 


Dissolution Notice. 


Notice is hereby given that the part- 
nership lately existing between Frank 
H. Lattin and Walter F. Webb under 
the firm name ot F. H. Lattin & Co.. 
was dissolved on the 31st day of July, 
A. D., 1894, by mutual consent. 

FRANK H. LATrrin. 
WALTER F. WEBB. 


Important: Fee ree 


never be address- 

ed to F. H. Lat- 
tin & Co., but to either Frank H. 
LATTIN or WALTER F. Wepss, which 
ever you may wish to receive the same. 
All matters pertaining to the OoLOGIST 
must be addressed ‘‘LATTIN”. By heed- 
ing this ‘‘pointer” you may save both 
yourself and the party you may wish 


your letter to reach both delay and 
possible unpleasantness. 


Davie’s Nests and Eggs 


NORTH AMERICAN BIRDS 


Re-Written and Greatly Enlarged, with an 
Introduction by J. Parker Norris, and Full 
Page Illustrations of Nests, etc., by 
Theodore Jasper, A. M., D 
and W. Otto Emerson, 


This work is descriptive of the Nests and Eggs. 
of the Land and Water Birds of North America, 
which includes all the species known to exist— 
those that occur or are indigenous north of the 
Southern United States boundary, including 
Greenland and the peninsula of Lower California. 

The breeding range of each species Is given, 
the time of nesting, the exact number of eggs 
laid, their color and size together with the chief 
characteristics of the bird. 

The arrangement of the work is according to 
the nomenclature of the A. O, U. Code and 
Check List. and the old numbers (Ridgeway’s) 
as used in former editions, are placed to the 
right of each species. Throughout the text all 
the common names of the birds are to be found, 
and a COMPLETE ANALYTICAL INDEX Of these is, 
given, 

An invaluable book asan aid for the identifi- 
ee of specimens to all those collecting in the 
field, 

The work consists of 475 pages and 12 full page 
illustrations. 


Paper Edition, $1.25; Cloth $1.75. 
FRANK H. LATTIN, ALBION, N. Y. 


THE OOLOGIST 


O41 


NIAGARA PALILS. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the Ootocisr visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated on Falls street, only a fe w steps from R. 
R. Depots—Electric car line passes its entrance—and cc*upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 


EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. 


It is a well known fact the 


World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Hrapquarrers for 
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SPECIMEN, NovELTy or SOUVENIR line pertain- 


ing to Niagara. 


THE MUSEUM. 


A High-class Monthly devoted to re-- 


search in the Natural Sciences. 36 
pages, highly illustrated with half-tones 
and photo engravings. Acknowledged 
by all the finest of its kind. 

Exchange notices $c per word. Ad- 
vertising rates very low. 

Send 10c for sample copy or enclose 
$1.00 bill in your letter for a year’s sub- 
seription—you wiil never regret it. 
The first number now out, contains 
special offers of interest to all—you 
should not fail to see it. 


W. F. WEBB, 


PUBLISHER, 
ALBION, N. Y. 


STONE 


INDIAN RELICS! 


points. 
* AND FINEST IN THE WEsT. Buckskin Relics, 


Weapons, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Agates, 
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp. 
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES- 
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, 8S. D. 


EGGS. 

From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- 
dia. Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named 
at moderate prices, also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, 

Emdener St., 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany 


What Moves It 


One of Nature’s Wonders. 


THE JUMPING SEED 02 LIVING BEAN! 


Always Moving, Always Jumping, Always 
Dancing. 
The wonder of the Scientific Wotld. 
ing to old and young. 


The ONLY ANIMATED VEGETABLE Known! 


A full description and explanation of this 
phenomenon accompanies each box. 


Price 25c. each, 3 for 50c. Postpaid. 


EK. VAN WINKLE, 
Vans Harbor, Mich. 


Interest- 


SKRND FOR IT! 


6a CRBEGTISED OxYGEN—Its Mode of Action and 

Results.’’—is the title of a book of 200 
pages,published by Drs. Starkey & Palen,which 
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this 
remarkable curative agent, and a record of sur- 
prising cures in a wide range of chronic cases— 
Inany of them after being abandoned to die by 
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any 
address on applicatton. 


DRS. STARKEY & PALEN, 
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter St., S. Fran’co,Cal. 


Please mention the OOLOGIST. 
Of all kinds for Naturalists a 


PRINTIN speciality. Note and _ letter 


heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
logues for natural history dealers. Have hun- 
dreds of engravings of natural history speci- 
mens. Write for estimates. 100 envelopes print- 
ed, 45c. noteheads same price, postpaid. C.F, 
CARR, Job Printer, New London, Wis. tf 


342 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Chas. K. Reed, 


Vou 


Of No. 262 Main St., Worcester, Mass,, 
the well-known Taxidermist and Dealer 
in EVERYTHING in the Specimen and Sup- 
ply line required by the Naturalist and 
Curio Collector, has recently issued a new 
Illustrated Catalogue, containing several 
halftones. A copy will be mailed every 
reader of the Oo/ogzst upon receipt of 
only a 2c stamp. 

should send at once for a copy as the 


supply is limited. 


THE OOLOGIST. 343 


A 
4 


“ < 

Ce i PS 
Rute 

= SPR Rn 


} « 
Hh NK ee ZZ AN 
. Ween ALIEN 
we te ls we lis 22, eid AW ye Se ks 


SYSTEMATIC COLLECTIONS. 


With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is proposed to take 
the lead in furnishing systematic collections for teaching MINERALOGY, GEO- 
LOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools and Colleges. Individual Specimens also fur- 
nished. Catalogue sent on recipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps. 


RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS. 


Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describing Grand 
Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Mt. Shasta, Mt. Vesuvius, 
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Etc., Ete. Aliso model of the whole Unit- 
ed States, with adjoining ocean bottoms, modeled_on correct curviture. Many of 
these made especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for the 
Palestine Exploration Fund, Now ready. 


LANTERN SLIDES. 
mienics of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical Geography, 
ue: 


MEOTERITES. 


A good price paid for met2orites of all kinds. New and undescribed ones es- 
pecially desired. An extra price paid for the entire ‘‘find” or ‘‘fall.”” Meteorites 
also cut, polished and etched. 


WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS. 


Minerals, Rocks and Invcrtebrate Animals. 


These collections, decided upon after numerous conferences with teachers and 
experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey and U. S. National Museum. 
have just been introduced into the schools of Washington, and will be known as 
the Washington School Collections. 

It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence have ever before been 
offered in this country at so low a price ($2 each.) Send for circular. 


WASHINGTON SOUVENIR COLLECTION. 


A collection of 20 specimens in separate trays in handsome cloth covered box 
showing the principal building and ornamental stones used in the Public Build- 
ings of Washington. Price 75 cts. Will be sent postpaid to any address for $1.00. 


EDWIN E. HOWELL, 
61217th St., N. W., Washington, D.C. 


344 THE OOLOGIST. 


A Positive Rust Preventative and Lubricant. 


FOR GUNS-REVOLVERS-RIFLES 
» AND ALL METALS 


STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL. 


'; Imitators claim something ‘‘just as good,” thereby admitting the superiority of 
Gunoleum. 

Unscrupulous Dealers may offer you an article said to be ‘‘just as good”. 
(Because it affords them a better profit.) 


BE HONEST, AND REFUSE IT. 


A Light Coat of GUNOLEUM on an Unprotected Metalic Surface will prevent 
it from Rust, Pits, Tarnish or Corrosion, and preserves its finish. 


FOR 
BICYCLES, TYPEWRITERS, CAMP KITS, SURGICAL, 
REVOLVERS, LAWN MOWERS, BRASS, EMBALMING 
PISTOLS, FINE MACHINERY, COPPER, AND DENTAL 
SHOT GUNS, GUN LOCKS, _ STEEL, INSTRUM TS. 


Any reliable dealer who may not have Gunoleum, will procure it promptly 
for anyone who wishes it.. 


SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 1b.can 
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 Ib. can 75c. and 5 ib. can $3.00. 


Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.”’ 


MANUFACTURED BY 


THE CHARLES WILLY MFG. CO., 
BAY SHORE, L. I., N. Y., U. S. A. 


ENGIRIRARIRD 


2 eg 


Monthiy. 


Vii LSE RI RD SV EARs. 
“aN : 


Se cen : 
a7 CAB eayexapena esa] ca) c<a | ONMO hi OWOLE a ex esac 
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para? 


50c. per Year. ey 


VOL. XI. NO. 12. 


ALBION, N. Y., DEC., 1894. 


WHOLE No. 110 


Wants, Exchanges, and For Sales. 
Brief special announcements, ‘*Wants,’ “Wxchanges” ‘‘For Sales,” inserted in this. department 


for 50¢ per 35 words. 
word. No notice inserted for less than 50c. 


Notices over 35.words, charged at the rate of one cent per each additional 
Terms, cash with order. 


‘‘DWALERS” Can use these columns at Regular Advertising rates, only, _ 
Strictly First-class specimens will be accepted in payment at one-half list rates. zi 


Exchange Cards and Coupons (subscription) 
and according to conditions Stated thereon. 


will be accepted for ‘‘Wants” and ‘‘Exchanges’’ only 


MOUNTED birds, skins. eggs in sets, books, 
stamps, magazines and a brand new X L shot 
gun 44 calibre 24 inch barrel to exchange for 
bird skins or sets of eggs. No postals answered. 
£TEPHEN VAN RENSSELAER,JR.,29 Broad- 
way, N. Y. 


TO MXCHANGE.—For birds eggs in sets, 
Barred Owl], S reech Owl, Wood Duck, Coop- 
er’s Hawk and a pair of Red-tailed Hawks. All 
nicely mounted. Make me an offer. All 
letters answered. Box 215, Peoria, Ills. 


WANTED.—Best offer in eggs; birds; Indian 
relics or minerals. None but first ciass cabi- 
net specimens wanted. In trade for a new sur- 
gical or dental chair, direct from factory. P. 
O, BOX 414, Canton, Ohio. 


TO TRADE on Piano, a lot in Rockford, Ml. 
worth $500, or $250 worth of eggs in sets and 
‘$250 cash. KE. RAY LAHMAN, Franklin Grove, 
Tis. 


FOR SALE.—A lotof L. C. Smith Hammer 
‘Guns, manufactured by the Hunter Arms Co., 
Fulton, N. Y.; for $26 each, list price of which 
is $55. Fine London Twist barrels, Walnut 
stocks, full pistol grip, 10 or 12 gauge, 80 or 382 
inch barrel. 7}¢ to1l pounds All new and in 
good condition. Address, ELIAS BEE, Sterl- 
ing, Kans. D3t 


MAYNARD’S Eggs of North American Birds, 
with the beautifully colored plates, in A No. 1 
‘condition and a first class skin of each of the 
following A.O. U. No’s: 581d, 656 and 431 to 
exchange for mounted birds with data. Wes- 
tern species preferred. STEPHEN P, HAR- 
WOOD, 1532 Park Avenue, Baltimore, Md. 


WANT D.—Clarke’s Chemistry, and Rem- 
ington’s Pharmacy, second-hand. Can offer 
Parrishes Pharmacy and many other articles. 
J.R. CRAIGUE, Minnewaukan, N. Dak. 


I HAVE some choice, strictly first-class sets 
and singles with full data of rare Texan S. W. 
and other species, for sale at very reasonable 
rates. I would be pleased to correspond with 
anyone desiring to purchase eggs. H.SAYLES, 
JR., Abilene, Texas. 


FOR SALE.—I will sell for cash the follow- 
ing sets: Laughing Gull, 20-3 @ 8c per egg; 
Black Skimmer, 20-4 @ 6c per egg; Little Blue 
Heron, <0-4 @6c per egg. All first-class with 
fulldata. J. A, DICKINSON, Gresham, York 
Co., Nebraska. 


WANTED.—To exchange western eggs for 
stamps, old United States and British Colony 
stamps especially desired. Nendon stamps and 
recieve full list of sets A. M. SHIELDS, 314 
Stimson Block, Los Angeles, Cal. 


WE CAN do your do your printing a little 
better or a little cheaper than you can get it 
elsewhere. Big stock of Natural History cuts 
to select from. We make aspecialty of this 
work. Send us a postal for samples. A. M. 
EDDY, Albion. N. Y. 


OOLOGISTS WANTED.—I want, at once, 
copies of the OOLoGIstT as follows: July-Aug- 
ust, 1886; January-February, 1887 or Dec.. 1886, 
With the former attached; June, 1888. I also 
desire copies of my old 1885 ‘‘OoLOGIST’S HAND- 
BooK.”’ For each and every copy of the above 
publications mailed me not later than January 
15, 1895, I will give 15c. worth of anything I ad- 
vertise or offer for sale, or will send credit 
check good for the amount. I will also allow 
10c each for the followlng numbers, viz:— 
June-Sept., 1887; April, 1889. All must be com- 
plete, Clean, and in good condition. Address at 
once. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


TO CLOSE OUT.—I offer the following rare 
assortment of medals, coins, etc.,by express, for 
One Dollar: 3 Campaign medals of Lincoln, 
Blaine and McClellan; 1 Garfield badge; 1 Han- 
cock badge; 1 ‘Squirrel Hunters’’medal;1 brass 
Osage Traders’ check (good for one dollar); 1 
“Ships. Colonies and Commerce’? token; 100 
mixed foreign siam\s; 10 Chinese coins 1 Jap- 
anese tempo, large oval bronze coin; 4 ‘‘Wild 
Cat” bank notes in Sheet, uncut; 2% brass and 
other trade cards and checks, some over thirty 
years old; 1 rare medal, my own selectiow from 
an assorted lot, Every article in new and 
proof condition except Orientals and stamps. 
C. H. KASSABAUM. Atchisou, Kas. P.S.— 
With first 25 orders I will give extra a brass 
1883 ‘“‘East River Bridge’? memento. 


346 


TO EXCHANGE.—Relics, Curios, Old U. §. 
and Foreign Stamps for Columbian and good 
Forelgn. Send on your approval sheets and 
receive mine py return mail. C. H. SPRING- 
ER, 423 Superior St.. Cleveland. O. 


WANTED.—Second-hand rifles. 22 caliber. 
Condition of inside of barrel not Considered, as 
they are to be rebored. Make offers, D. B, 
BARTLETT, Durham, N. H. 


NOTICE.—Wanted: Rare Rirds eggs, in sets, 
With complete data.with nests,if possible. Also 
fine skins. Offer perfect butterflies from India, 
C. & S. America, Europe, etc. LEVI W. MEN- 
GEL, Reading, Pa. 


NOTICH.—Fine Taxidermist work, Tavning 
and Glove making. for one-half cash and one- 
half exchange. Climbers to exchange. Write 
for particulars. R. C. ALEXANDER, Ply- 
mouth, Mich. 


WANTED.—One $1.00 concelled Columbian 
stamp of the United States. latest issue. If 
you have one, write meits condition and lowest 
price. BENJAMIN CHILD, 87 Mountain Ave., 
Montclair, N. J. 


ENCYCLOPEDIAS: American Encyclope™ 
dia, 16 vols., cost $96; one Johnson’s, 8 vels., 
cost $56; and one Chamber’s. 8 Vols., cost, $16.50; 
to exchange. Prefera5x7 camera and outfit. 
Send full description of what you have, All 
answered. J. H. BROWN, 113 Prentiss St, 
Iowa City, Iowa. 


NOTICE.—As the fire which destroyed my 
business also destroyed all my records, I 
would like all persons Who owe me eggs or 
other specimens as well as thos? whom I owe 
to send me their addresses and state what is 
due them or me. W. A. OLDFIELD, Port 
Sanilac, Mich. 


WANTED AT ONCE.—One fine set of each 
the following speeies. Will pay essh or give 
good exchange must be nice and reasonable— 
04 take preferred. Feruginous Rough-leg; 
Desert Sparrow Hawk; Florida Grakle:Floriaa 
and Northwest Crows; Plumed, Scaled and 
Gambel’s Partridges; Gray Ruffed and Prairie 
Sharp-tailed Grouse; Sharp-shinned and Flor- 
ida Red-shouldered Hawks. Write at once 
what you can furnish. and what you want for 
same. FRANK H. LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


FOR SALE:—HFirst-class skins of California 
Partridge only 50 cents each. Lewis’s Wood- 
pecker 55 cts. Mountain Blue Bira, 25cts. 400 
other skins at a low rate if taken is a whole. 
‘Also first-class birds eggs. singly and in sets. 
Send stamp for list. L. ZELLNHER, 1825 Oak 
Street, Los Angeles. Calif. 


MOONSTONES! Any person sending, me a 
15e used Columbian stamp, | will give 12 moon- 
stones in their natural state. For a 30c used 
Columbian f will give 24 moonstones. For a 
50c used Columbian I will give 36 moonstones. 
For a $1 used Columbian I will give 500 moon- 
stones. All stones are sent prepaid by me. 
Address, C. M. HATFIELD, South Pasadena, 
California- 


COMMON Sea shells, curios, bird eggs. etc., 
of this locality in exchahge for same from other 
localities. Send your list and receive mine. 
Look! Send me 100 Columbian stamps and re- 
ceive a Chinese newspaper. Send 100 above 2¢ 
and rec. a Chinese newspaper, Chinese coin, 
Castor bean in pod and a Jew fish scale. Or 
send 200 common U.S. stamps and rec. a Chin- 
ese newspaper. W. H. HILLER, 147 W. 23a 
St., Los Angeles, Cal. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


“BRITISH COMMON BIRDS,” ‘‘Audubon.’* 
Wood’s ‘‘Botany,”’ Cocoabola Wife, Violin ($45). 
Perfect bird skeletons, Indian relics, minerals 
wanted. L, KE. SEABER, 531 N. 7th St, Phila. 


FOR SALE.—Volume 5. 6,7, 8 and 9 complete 
and several extra numbers of the OoLoGIst. 
All in fine condition, Vol 1 and No. 1 and 8 of 
Vol. 2 of YOUNG OOLOGIST bound in cloth. New 
except a small hole through 50 pages,and 6 No’s 
Vol. 1. the Bay State Oologist. For the best 
cash offer in next 30 days. R. H. MOULTON, 
42 West 76th St., New York City. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A. O. U. No’s 27344,674 1-5, 
26114. 46624, 19124. 362%, 207 1-5. 480n%. Full da- 
ta. A No. 1. Right ones answered. W. H. 
HENDERSON, Chanute, Kans. 


FOR ONLY 50 cents. 500 Confederate Mon- 
ey (assorted), $100 Confederate Bond and 6 rare 
Arrow Points. Catalogue 3cents. J. F. BOW- 
EN, Iuka Miss. 


A 10-inch Alligator finely mounted, sent pre- 
paid to any address for 75 cents. K. B. MATH- 
ES, St. Augustine, Florida. 


FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE.—Large self- 
inking Job Printing Press. with Complete out 
fit, including type. paper-cutter, ete. (All 
nearly new); a new set of genuine electrical 
Telephones ;a nearly new Fischer,B flat Cornet, 
complete with case:a good Violin and bow; a 
Texas Saddle and Riding Bridle; a number of 
electric motors, batteries and other electrical 
appliances, books on Experimental Electricity, 
Chemistry. etc. Willsell any or all the above 
cheap for cash, or will give good exchange for 
fire-proof safe. Write for particulars. SEC- 
RETARY SOUTHWESTERN PHARMACAL 
CO., Cor. South and Charles Sts., Holyoke, 
Mass. 


WAR! STAMPS! WAR! Fine sets of 6 var- 
ieties of unused Venezeula stamps only 12cts; 
3 Sets, 25cts. 10 mixed used foreign stamps, 
10cts; 100 varieties of stamps, catalogue value 
over $3, only $1, 2 var. Confederate bills, 10cts; 
entire 8c war envelopes on blue used. &cts each; 
entire sheet of 4% M, unused Port Rico stamps, 
25cts. Try me once, address, J. H. HAND- 
SHAW, Smithtown Branch, N.Y. *N4t 


ANNOUNCMENT Extraordinary! Readers 
of the OOLOGIST will be pleased to see for the 
first time a good half-tone portrait of Editor 
Frank H. Lattin. which appears. together with 
a reminiscent biographical sketch by H. R. 
Taylor in the September number of the Nidiol- 
ogist. The price for a ‘sample copy” bas been 
invariably 10c, but out of compliment to the 
readers of the OoLOGIST, who all want ‘‘Lat- 
tin’s” picture we will send a copy of this num- 
ber for 5 cents, cash or Stamps. Other features 
and illustrations ‘ above par.” Write at once. 
THE NIDIOLOGIST, Alameda, California. 


COLORED PLATES.—These are the latest 
things of beautyin The Nidiolegist, which is 
undoubtedly a better illustrated monthly mag- 
azine of Ornithology and Oology for one dol- 
lar per year than the Scientific WorJd ever saw. 
The exquisite photograph in colors of an unus- 
ually handsome set of eggs of the White-tailed 
Kite, in the November number. will delight all 
oologists. It is printed on heavy enameled pa- 
per and can be tramed if desired. the magazine 
being mailed flatin an envelope. A fine half 
tone of a White-tailed Kite, and other striking 
illustrations, in same number. Sample of this 
number at usual price. 10c. Subscription. with 
exchange notice, one dollar. H.R. TAYLOR. 
Publisher Nidiologist. Alameda, Cal. ;New York 
office, Ross Taylor, 150 Fifth Avenu e. 


THE OOLOGIST 


FOR SALE.—Nest of Trap-door Spider only 
20ec each. Special rates to parties wanting 
large quantities. O. W. HOWARD, Los An- 
geles, Cal. 


~ EXCHANGE NOTICE.—I will exchange my 
entire collection of sets, singles and duplicates, 
140 to 150 varieties. worth $50, mostly numbered, 
some datas. fora kodak, No. 3, or sell for cash. 
C. E. PLHAS, Clinton, Ark. { 


STAMP Collection, 735 varieties, catalogue 
value $54. Will exchange for $385 worth of 
books or any specimens except eggs. E. H. 
RAYMOND, JR., Summit, N. J. 


1000 varieties U. 8. and toreign postage 
stamps (no revenues or torn stamps) for only 
. $6.25 cash or $10 worth of first-class sets not in 
my collection or good books on Ornithology. 
G. D. FRENCH, Ivoryton, Ct. 


FOR SALE.—First-class sets American Bit- 
tern, 30c per egg; Virginia Rails, 8c per egg. 
Others in proportion. Also Singles. No stamps 
taken. Will exchange for good violin. DANA 
C, GILLETT, Barre Center, Orleans Co., N. Y. 


EXCHANGE.—Two stone axes. good con- 
dition, for U.S, and Confederate Stamps, Cash 
or Taxidermist instruments. Give part cash 
for toolsin good condition. LEAKE THOMP- 
SON, Paducah, Ky. 


WANTED.—A collecting gun. Give good ex- 
change in sets; sets and part cash; or Cash if 
price is not too high. State what is wanted for 
it. T. B. HUDGIN, 1220 Spring-Dale St., 
Athens, Ga. 


YOUR Orders please, for 5 varieties of violets 
and 3 varietier Lady’s Slippers of this locality, 
all nicely mounted and named at 12c « sheet 
prepaid. GEO. W. VOSBURG, Naturalist,Col- 
umbus, Wis. 


TO EXCHANGE.—Birds eggsin full sets, 
with full and complete data. Many with nests. 
Water Birds eggs desired, reliable collectors 
send list and receive mine. ERNEST MAR- 
CEAN, 1366 White St., Dubuque, Iowa. 


W ANTED.—A few, live birds and animals. 
specially small Owls. Vicinity offers only. 
Correspondence solicited on Owls and Squir- 
rele HAROLD CHAPIN, Box 27, St. Johns, 

ich. 


FOR SALE.—Three good collections. One 
of Minerals, catalogue value $12. One of Mar- 
ine Shells, listed at $13. Oneof Fossils, listed 
at $8. Wiil sell either or all at just #¢ price. Send. 
stamp for which ever list you want. GEO. W. 
DIXON, L. Box 381, Watertown, S. D. 


WANTED.—Coues’ Key, can offer in ex- 
change many fine sets, list price $15, also Dav- 
ie’s Nests and Hggs. Paper edition and Vols. 
IX and X OoLoGisr. Writefor list and state 
condition of book, FRANK B. JEWETT, 
Lamanda, Calif. 


FOR HXCHANGE.—Sets of 429 n-2, 480 n-2 
and 431 n-2 for Columbian stamps. Will allow 
face value for Used specimens of 3. 6,-8, 15, 80 
aoe 50 cent. O. W. HOWARD, Los Angeles, 

al. 


BARGAIN.—For 35c cash or any 1st class bird 
skins not listed below 50c. I will send prepaid 
apparatus enough to clean 200 eggs, will re- 
move ink stains. etc. with great result without 
changing color of eggs. Full directions with 
each bottle. Address, PAUL P. McGINTY, 
120 Lumpkin St., Athens, Ga. 


ote 


CHOICE minerals. specimens and odd num 
bers of magazines, for books. old or new, En 
glish or foreign, send your lists. W, H. Mc- 
NAIRN, 4 Harvard, Ave., Toronto, Canada. 


EGGS in sets, skins, insects, shells, minerals, 
stamps and curiosities of all kinds to exchange 
for first-class bird skins. C. WILL BEEBE, 
73 Ashland Ave., East Orange, N. J, 


THE OOLOGIST complete from June, 1890 to. 
Dec., 1894 for a $1 or $2 Columbian stamp. A 
Bargain. WM. W. CROOM, “Washington. 
Square, Mobile, Ala. 


RELIC cuts, press, type, fossils, minerais, 
drawing camera. relics, curios, etc. for best off-- 


er of photo supplies, cash, etc. R. M. DAL- 
RYMPLH, Baker Ohio. 
EXCHANGE.—Bird’s eggs. cigarette pic- 


tures, tobacco tags. Columbian stamps, Colum-- 
bian half dollars of 1892 for eggs sets or Singles. 
W.B. MCHENRY, Rochelle, Ill. 


RUDY’S PILE SUPPOSITORY is guaran- 
teed to cure Piles and Constipation, or money 
refunded. 50 cents per box. Send two stamps. 
for circular and Free Sam;le to MARTIN RU- 
DY, Registered Pharmacist, Lancaster, Pa. 
No PosTALS ANSWERED. For sale by all first- 
class druggists everywhere, and in Albion, N. 
Y. by Geo. W. Barrell. 


A VARIETY of first-class Massachusetts 
bird skins to exchange for skins from other 
localities, send lists to E H. RICHARDS, Box 
414 Woburn, Mass. 


FOR SALE:—One B. W. &. F. Dewellan- 
bitch 8 years old. thoroughally first-class every 
way, revistered No 10,288. Alsvo one extra-fine 
bitch pup, 4 months old, eligible to register. 
All letters answered... N. F. WRIGHT, Car- 
thage, Mo. 


STAMP COLLECTORS :—tTry our new pack- 
ets, 2U varieties unused stamps, including Mon- 
aco, ete., 25e or 100 assorted North aud So- 
American, 25c, MEEKER-TOWEHK STAMP CO., 
Box 296, Bridgeport, Conn. 


I AM building up a general scientitic collec- 
tion. embracing all departments of the Natural. 
Sciences andit you have anything truly desir- 
able to offer in exchange tor anything I may 
have in stock or if you have any standard 
books or publications that you wish to dispose 
of I shall be pleased to correspond with you. 
When writing give full descriptions stating 
your lowest exchange price and give me an. 
idea of about what you would like in return. 
FRANK H, LATTIN, Albion, N. Y. 


I HAVE for exchange the following sets with. 
complete data, for sets not in my collection, A, 
O. U. No’s 608 1-3, 221 6-4, 622b 1-4, 32 1-1, 593¢e 1-4, 
456 1-5, 713 1-5. 508 1-5, 627 1-3, 820a 1-2, 725 1-2, 423 
1-5, 622a 1-5, 506 1-4, 462 1-2, 652 1-4. bic 1-3, 80 1-1, 
511 1-4, 120c¢ 1-1, 2641-8, 429 1-2n, 4801-2n, 602 1-2. 
510 1-4. 383 1-3, 410 1-4, 758 1-4, 519b 1-3, 706 1-4. 
733 1-2. Sing. 74, 71, 201, 492, 666, [%6], 207, 214, 
138, 3800, 316, 873, 3878, 412, 481, 501, 420, 604, 70. 465, 
721, 72la, 428, 444. 443, 477, 704, 766. 4&8, 507, 498, 13, 
237, 608, also lot of foreign eggs in sets with 
data. C. ALLEN ELY, Perrineville., N. J. 


TO EXCHANGE.—A few sets of common 
eges for sets of other localities please send for: 
list. R C. CASK, Avon, Conn. 


HAVE a few first class skins of English Phea-- 
sant which I will exchange for $6.00 worth of 
eggs in fullsets with data. CHAS. K. REED, 
No. 262 Main Street, Worcester, Mass. 


348 


FOR EXCHAGE: -Several hundred nicely 
mounted birds for anything in line of Skins 
and Eggs. Also, a few rare and desirable eggs 
and skins from Arizona and Lower California. 
send lists. JAMES P. BABBITT, Taunton, 
(ass. 0 


I HAVE one of Lattin’s 4 in. Sliding Beam 
Calipers.with vernier (cost 2.75). to exchange or 
sell. Goodas new. Make offers. ALBERT 
H. WALLACH, 235 Claremont Ave.,Monticlair, 
N. J. 


WANTED for cash or exchange sets of Hawks 
any species, also U.S. and Canadian stamps in 
large or small quantities. Collections bought 
forcash. JESSE C. A. MEEKER, Box 290, 
Bridgeport, Conn. 


BARGAINS in rare second class eggs. Mar- 
bled Godwit lic, Fulmar 15, Avocet 10, Missis- 
sippi Kite 50, Cassin’s Auk 25, Booby 25, Gannet 
12, Forster's Tern 03, Iceland Gull 25, Tropic 
Bird 50. Willow Ptarmigan 15, Loon 50, Pomar- 
ine Jaeger 50, and others as Cheap. W. RAINE, 
Toronto, Canada. 


TAXIDERMISTS and dlssecting instru- 
ments wanted. Will give oil paints and hand- 
some box, practically new, also back numbers 
of Art Amateur, or Clarinet. W.S. JOHNSON, 
Boonville, Oneida Co., N. Y. 


WANTED.--Bird skins, minerals, eggs in 
sets, shells and insects, all first-class. Will ex- 
change for same. EF. W KNOLHOFF, 80 Win- 
an’s St., E. Orange, N. J. 


WANTED.—Books on natural history, taxid- 
ermists’ instruments and printing press. Can 
offer for same eggs, sets and singles, shells and 
curios. FRED H. ANDRUS. Elkton, Oregon. 


TO EXCHANGE with western and southern 
collectors, first class skins with full data. Send 
lists and receive mine. Reference, Prof. Lud- 
wig IXumlien. Address, EMERSON ATKINS, 
Milton, Wis. 


TO EXCHANGE. 4 1-5. 771-3, 79 1-1, 212 1-8, 
390 1-4, 725 1-6 5-5, 613 1-4, 652 1-4, 498 4-1 584 1-4 for 
sets. FREDERICK HILL, Lyme, Conn. 


“FOR SALE.—A fine pair of 1894 California 
Quail skins, perfectin every respect. sent for 
$1 KIRKE B, MATHES, St. Augustine, Fla. 


THE AUK.—Vol. VII to exchange for Vol. V 
or VI or Vol. X or best offer. Will give part 
cash and part good exchange for Cones’ Key or 
or Ridgeway’s Manual. WILFRED H. OS- 
GOOD. Willcox, Cochise Co., Arizona. 


WOOD’S Illustrated Natural History, foreign 
stamps, second class eggs (Singles) for Ist class 
eggs. books on oology,instruments,etc. GARTH 
EVERSON, Lake Mills, Wis. 


STAMPS! 100 varieties postpaid for 12 cents. 
Every tifth contains 125 varieties. 25 varieties 
U.S. 10 cents. Send for fine approval sheets at 
50 per cent. discount. Address H. W. DRAKE, 
Lexington, Va. 


FOR EXCHANGH.—Fine Magic Lantern, 
good 22 cal. pistol and pair of strappei climb- 
ing irons, tor good Quackenbush or repeating 
rifle. W.B. SAMPSON, 153 Otter St., Stock- 
ton, Cal. 


Will send, prepaid, a-beautiful Shell Pincush- 


ion for every $1.00 worth of eggs in sets, 
with data. Just the thing for Christmas pres- 
eut. CHAS. K. REED, No. 262 Main Street, 


Worcester, Mass, 


THE OOLOGIST. 


WILL give three varieties of Chinese Coins 
and a package of reading matter for every 
three Columbian stamps above the two cent. 
Must be in good condition. ED. DOOLITTLEA, 
Painesville, Ohio. 


MRS. A. S. MEARES, John’s Pass, Fla. has 
lovely shells for Xmas presents, and will send 
6 lbs well assorted and postpaid to those send- 
ing her $2 before Xmas. 


TELEGRAPH instruments of the latest pat- 
tern for best cash offer. ROY STEIGELMAN, 
Mt. Adams, Cinti, Ohio. 


EXCHANGE:—Collection of about 60 species 
of birds eggs in sets, full data and trays, cata- 
logue yalue, about $35.00, for unmounted dia- 
mond, emerald or for cash. Send for list and 
make an off for the whole collection. B. O. 
LONG YEAR, Agricultural College, Mich. 


A GOOD set of Type, suitable for hand print- 
ing press, to exchange for eggsin sets. J. H. 
CLARK, 238 Broadway, Paterson, N. J. 


WANTED.—To buy for cash, sets of Duck 
Hawk, Plgeon Hawk, Prarie and Aplomado 
Falcon, Swallow and White-tail Kiles, Golden 
Eagles and any Albatrosses. C. W. CRAN- 
DALUL, Woodside, Queens Co., New York. 


FOR SALE.—At one-half Standard Catalogue 
rates, A. O. U. Nos. 61-6, 1-10, 19114, 221 1-7, 2633, 
Wy, 292 1-6, 1-7, 1-10, 41316, 46214, 529a14, 1-5, 55637, 
1-5, 560a}4, 588b14, 2 4, 6152-5, 721a 1-5, 1-7, 743 1-5, 
144, 76la 3-3, 4% and singles of 292, 297a, 485, 556, 
567a, 599 and 615. I offer one each of Helix fidelis 
Grey; Helix Columbiana Var. Lea., Selenites 
Vancouverensis Lea., Goniabasis plicifera Lea., 
Acioluxs Nuttalli Hala, Paludina arbustorum 
Lea. and Margaritina Paladina arbustorum Lea 
and Margaritina margaratifera Linn., for 2 
cents. Three of each, 50 cents. Seven of each, 
$1.00. Five Curios, 10 cents. FRED H. AN- 
DRUS, Elkton, Oregon, 


® ® THE ® ® 


FLORIDA BUDGET. 


Direct from old historic St. Augustine, 
prepaid for $1.75. 

Mounted Alligator 

Specimen Coquina 


Sikabesill oie soe as Cee eee ee een een ere ree : 
10 Specimens named Shells _....-.. 00.22... 22. 1 00 
Fine Specimen Palmetto Cloth ...... MS sy 2H 


Specimen Spanish Moss 
Fine Branch Coral 


Sent prepaid for $1 75. 
K. B. Mathes, St. Augustine, Fla. 


“The Government 


has Caused notices to be posted, requesting all 
persons sending letters or packages through the 
mail to put their name and address thereon. 


The best way to do thisis to stamp it on with 
one of 


Ford’s Rubber Stamps. 


He sells them cheap. Write for prices. 
Address dst 


R. W. FORD, BRISTOL, CONN. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


EGGS! EGGS!! EGGS!!! _ 
elices Cut iIn-el wol 


Having recently embarked in the curio business and wishing to obtain the address of every Jive col- 


lector in the country, for the next 6) days I will make the following discounts. 
Inagreat many instances data can be furnished with single eggs. 


first-class. 


349) 


All eges are strictly 
List of fine sets sent 


on application. Parties sending me cash to any amount over 75¢ can select eggs to twice the amount. 
On an order of $S you can select 
eges to the amount of$17 or on an order of $10.00 you can select eggs to the amount of $28.00 


On an or ier of $5.00 you can select eggs tothe amount of $10.50. 


Pied-bill Greebe............... $ 10 
IPYMMOO ee aos 40) 
INU CU ITETES) 2 Oe ee re eee 20 
Salita MiMrne: 3 sto eee 20 
Kittiwake Gull_._......2........ 25 
Amer. Herring Gull.......... 
Tecimaverjonlll GAnM Ee esos aseeen = 2) 
Laughing Gull 20 
Franklin’s Gull... 380 
Cabot’s Tern...... EPS PASSE ATC 40 
Caspian Tern... 40 
CommoniURernvers ees es 08 
Black Tern 10 
Sooty Tern 25 
INOdChya eres eee 50 
Fulmar . an acral 50 
Manx Shearwater............. 1 00 
Wweachksseetrele.-. a 20 
(Gy UTA nee ee es eee en 35 
COnRMORan basse een 380 
Farralone Cormorant........ 40 
White Pelican................... 35 
TBEOWwam  IEEN Osa se eee 25 
IBIS wauaee UNM ey) 
Barrows Goldeneye ..... ..... Me 
Whooping Swan ....... ...... 1 50 
Amer. Flamingo............... 1 00 
VWWalibe REIS 3 35 
White-face Glossy Ibis...... 1 00 
NAV OGL WMOMS) oS eee 1 00 
JN OMS IBM HASTE Neo sceesace aes 6) 
PERS EE UE I IN eee oie ees 20 
INTUMETES VOR eases een eees 3 
Snowy Heron..... ._.. 4 15 
Louisiana Heron 12 
Little Blue Heron.... Oe Se ee, 
(CHARS IBISINONN inc eee 12 
BIVk. crown. N. Heron........ 12 
King Rail.. Spee ase iS LG AAO) 
Sora. VOUT eee Se ACE 12 
RVing Oa cles ecu ee eee ee 12 
Corng@raker ss. es 20 
Florida Gallinule.........._.... 10 
JNTaMEvES| (COW sass Le eeaseosesoesoes 10 
NUS EST) Coe ee ee 25 
TD Win) Wb a Yee es een cee a are ee 35 
Willet... een Hass nA() 
Bart. Sandpiper... patel aee 30 
Spotted Sandpiper 15 
NG AO VAT See ye ee ane sesc ene tenes 15 
OyStercaliche re ssa 25 
IBOIOW MUIR S) oascee: ooneasaco oes 15 
Texan Bobwhite...... ......... 10 
Eb arees OO wihiiGe a eeeren net) 
Chic, IAW rireloleey ss Se a) 
IP PeNbEN@) Jaki Ceo coccoascsonenes 20 
Sage Grouse sees) 
Chiachalacass =a 60 
Red-bill Plgeon.......... i 75 
White-wing Dove ..... ...._... 20 
Mex. Ground Dove............ 50 
MOULNING TD Ove ey eee k 
dpb kn NADU DES eee ee iene 
Black Vulture....... 

Cooper’s Hawk.. 

Red-tail Hawk...............2... 
Gray. Seal Wagle......... -...... 
Merlin : 
Kestrel 


“Sparrow Hawk.........-.......- 


AIM ETO SVLC Vee eee ee 
Aud. Caracara :..:... ...-----.-: 
long-ear, Owl ...........2.--2-: 
Screech Owl........ 
MRE Xm SCLECChy Owes ee 
Burrowing Owl..............2... 
VO a GIANT C eee eases 

Yellow-bill Cuckoo............ 
Black-bill Cuckoo...... -....... 
Baird’s Woodpecker 
Gold-fronted Woodpecker 
A ERIBICCN Ch eae coe necatesemmees RceHes 
Nighthawks 2 ea: 
Western Nighthawk ....... 

Texan Nighthawk... iz 
Ruby-throated Hummer. 

Nests of Hummer, asstd.. 

Scis-tail Flycateker he ols s 
IeGuave ool 
Crested Flycatcher............ 
Mex. crested Hiycatcher 

IRN GED eae eye ans yeee eee 


Acadian Flycatcher 
Western Flycatcher........... 
Eilttle Miycatcher:—= = 2 
Trails Mycatcher,-- 2.2 
Least Flycatcher 
Skillen kee ee es 
Prairie Horned Lark........ 
Amer. Magpie wes tees 2 
DES UIUC red ay AOE tes es ee aie eee 
ENTOOETRS (OVROM oe eG sae Secce sed 
IPAS OL (Cie eeoscesse ease escccasa 
Sian ys)ial yeas eee ee ee ea ee 
IBOOK Mk een eS Se 
Cowbird.. REA Pee 
Dwarf Cowbird.. 
Yellow-headed Blackbird... 
Red-wing Blackbird....-...... 
Bicolored Blackbird .......... 
Tricolored Blackbird.......- 
Brewer’s Blackbird......... 3 
BurplerGrackiic =e. aes 
Great-tail Grackle........... : 
Bronzed Grackle...22......... 
VOWS CR ERITVC Ieee eee nea 
American Goldfinch......__.. 
Arkansas Goldfinch ......... 
Ch’stn’t-collared Longspur 
Vesper Sparrow.......2.41...: 
Grasshopper Sparrow... ... 
IW Bselke Sy OWE RON os cca eee 
Western Lark Sparrow... 
Chipping Sparrow............ 
Held ES PALO weet eee 
Sone Sparrows. 
Mountain Song Sparrow. 
Heermann’s SongSparrow 
Samuel’s Song Sparrow... 
Texas Sparrow. 2... .:.-.--2--. 
ALON MOVES) Se ssconcenebeseoe 
Spurred Towhee 
California Towhee.... 
@ alrecimianlyesecey yee eres 
Rose-breasted Grosbeak.. 
Black-headed Grosbeak... 
Indigo Buntivg._....-...0...... 


Lazuli Bunting - ela 
Sharpe’s Seed- “eater... | 
IDICKCISSC yi ae nee 
Scarlet. Tanager :.....-.....2.. 
Summer Tanager 22)... 
JENA Ole) MMe mba ee 
OUTS wicl lO wyese vate seenee ae 
Barn Swallow 
Tree Swallow 
Bank Swallow 


Loggerhead Shrike........... 
White-rumped Shrike........ 
Red-eyed Vireo 
Warbling Vireo 


White-eyed Vireo 
BCI SPVAKE O -ostesc teenie bean 
Prothonotary Warbier...... 
Golden-winged Warbler... 
Parula Warbler 
Myrtle Warbler. -22. -.2-- 3 
Magnolia Warblers es 
B’ktbroated Grn Warbler 
Pine Warbler.. 

Prairie War pler.. 


Louisiana Water-Thrush. 
Maryland Yellow-tbhroat... 
Yellow-breasted Chat........ 
Long-tailed Chat 
Hooded Warbler 


Meadow Pipit.... 
Sage Thrasher 
Mockingbird 


Brown Thrasher | ...........: 
Sennett’s Thrasher 

Curve-billed Thrasher 
California Thrasher........... 
Bendire’s Thrasher ........... 
C ctus Wren 
TROON S AWOKE Se 
Carolina Wren] ss 
Lomita Wren 


Baird’s Wren 
TSlOISey MYA ae ee 

Long-billed Marsh Wren. 

White-breasted Nuthatch 
Brown-headed Nuthatch... 
Tufted Titmouse. .s:..........- 
Cini Cale eae ee 
Carolina Chickadee .. 


Westen Robin 
Wheatear 
Bluebird 


B. MATHES. St. Aueustae. Florida. 


350 THE OOLOGIST. 


FOR deta 


Any of the following would make most acceptable presents: 


THE OOLOGIST tor’ 95 - a 50) BO 
obrum. Gi Oia 193. or 94 at 75 per vol or the 3 vols 2.00 
‘‘Methods in the Art of ‘iar BIDEN IS SRA ELA en a Gh ee . 10.00 


(To all purchasers of Davie’s work before January 1, I will make an Xmas present of 
$3.00 worth of specimens or supplies—purchaser’s selection—or I will send acredit card 
good for that amount.—LAtTrin. | 


“«Taxidermy and Zoological Collecting”, siege wcisalte oie RRs aie eee RSS 
‘‘Key to North American Birds”, Coues ..... = EO. 
‘“‘Manual of North American Birds”, Ridgway.. Rife So) 
‘History of the Birds of are Gtcou mee Laeltialle wisblaley eee OROO 
“*Birds of Michigan”’, Cook. Sitti cel ba ates ten aeeth ae Seaport atcnete oe ag 
‘‘Birds of Labrador’, Sinets. PAS Te SETS oy are\ canoe oe OO) 
‘‘Nests and Eggs of North Ameriean Birds” | Davie, Paper. wees 
es ot 04 bs os eOricloth <7. a ales 
“Standard Catalogue of North Amencane binds.) leattine:- enemas 
‘“‘Our Birds in Their Haunts’, Langille.. : oo BR 2Re 
‘‘Bird Preserving and Bird Mounting’, Avis...... fae 
“*Pocket Key ito “ne Birds of the Northern United States ‘East _ 
of the Rocky Mountains’, Apgar...... .50 
‘‘Three Kingdoms”’ (Hand-book of the Agassiz Assoc n) ‘Ballard TS 
“Tasidesnnr Without a Teacher”, Manton" Lae .50 
‘‘Manual of the Vertebates of the Northern Undies Sines | Jordan 2 2.50 
“Check MistiotyNorth, Amencan) Birds, AvONUl case. ce ee 
‘‘Birds of Ontario”, MclIlwraith. Nahe aiaee Ph te, a2 ESO 


Any of the above books will be sent ave upon een DS price. Address 


FRANK H.LATTIN, Publisher of The Oologiae 
ALBION, N. Y. 


NIAGARA PALIS. 


Hundreds of the Readers of the OoLoaist visit Niagara annually 
and they always make it a point to visit 


TUGBY’S NEW MUSEUM. 


This new museum is lovated on Walls street, only a fe w steps from R. 
R. Depots—Hlectric car line passes its entrance—-and cc*upies a new 
three story building, which cost thousands of dollars to build and fill— 
Among the hundreds of attractions within will be found a large and 
magnificent collection of Birds and the LARGEST COLLECTION OF BIRDS 
EGGS in a Public Museum in the State. It is e well known fact the 
World over that TUGBY of Niagara Falls, N. Y. is Heapquarrers for 
EVERYTHING in the Curio, SPECIMEN, Novenry or Sovventr line pertain- 
ing to Niagara. 


THE OOLOGIST. | 351 


Collection of Birds Eggs for Sale! 


I have recently purchased Mr. Rippens fine collection of Bird Eggs; 
this is the second largest collection in Canada, and was awarded a 
silver medal at the Toronto Exposition of 1892. 


At standard rates this collection amounts to over $1,500, but I am 
going to offer it at one-third standard prices, or $500 cash will secure 
one the finest collections in the continent. 


Do you realize what one-third standard prices mean? It means 
that by purchasing this collection, you can obtain such eggs as Golden 
Iaelevatep2 perege, Sea Pagles, Osc; Mlaminso, 25¢.) Woon, 1 50c- 
Snowy Owl Oc; snowhake, 70>) hull, Zea. Wilite. Mbis 126" and 
other rare eggs at one-third their value. 


Here is a chance for some wealthy Naturalist to obtain a fine collec- 
tion cheap, or any dealer of enterprise might easily double his invest- 
ment, by breaking up this collection and selling it piece-meal. 


Bargains for Young Oologists. 


The above collection contains several rare singles and second-class 
eges. These I shall weed out and offer at following rates: 


First-class singles. Second-class Eggs. 
WivestenmGrebenes tac. te pis TS hs OOM MA a uemey rivend be si) | a Sime) 
GitbnWyalke niece ears kei, TUG Cal BIN AN MAN ae agrees oc hay st Nome 08 
Mie vee Gaull Saree koe Woy Jieellangl Croll seb See de oe 2 
Negjuillramat sys cass cae scsserays scat ROO Kame Duck) amucwiuena te 25 
Grammer nen Cent: Ii peltonl BABI IR eget etn One Peart a Spt eet 06 
Seaalinillly, Crame chine wiss neh MeOOy, i Wassiiarsy Acme ie: heii eon 25 
Scam ale sy Ak ade tes «1 EOO. LO pIG MD IRda kane GA eee 50 

And many others as cheap. Facer Im 1a Tas A rae cee 15 


Send for full list. 


W. RAINE. TORONTO, CANADA. 


302 THE OOLOGIST. 


“Davis’ Standard Collectors’ Directory of North America,” 


Will appear soon, and will contain the names of over 10.000 reliable Collectors in Oology,’: Philate- 
ly. Ornithology, Conchology, Mineralogy, and Mammalogy. Each name will be placed under one 
of the above special branches, Thee will be no charge for inserting your name, so please write 
your name plainly (and as many others as you know to be reliable, in your neighborhood) on a 
postal card) stating uuder which branch to place your name, and send at once tome. This will be 
an excellent opportunity to get your name in the best medium of exchange that has been, or will 
appear for years to come. 


ADDRESS, EDWIN C. DAVIS. CAINESVILLE, TEXAS. 


‘T Want An Evo Collection!” 


And with the assistance of my Oological friends I have most sanguine anticipations that with patience, 
forbearance and perseverance my almost insatiable thirst in this direction will ullumately,to a certain 
extent, become alleviated. 

During the first thirty days of my collections careera nice little nucleus of about $409.00 worth of 
seis has beeu tormed. 

Daring the second thirty days I shall be exceedingly iiberal and vroad in my offers and wlll accept 
strictly A No. 1 full and compiete sets of any species recognized as telonging to the North American 
Fauna, except A, O. U. No’s 444 to 766, inclusive, that have a greater value than 50¢ peregy or aless one 
than 10c. Many of these *‘excepted” species will however be accepted, but must be a matter ot special 
correspondence. 

The authenticity of these sets must be unquestionable and the data aCcompanying the same 
must be very complete. 

I prefer (am not positive on these points however) to receive sets of *94 collecting and direct 
from the original collector. 

Now if you have one or more sets which you think would please me and which you will ex- 
change at full Standard Catalogue rates for anything I otfer bslow or in November OOLOGIST at 
prices quoted I want them and wish that you would send on at once prepaid. 

Remember I will only accept such sets as I have designated and on Conditions named and al- 
though I will accept any number of sets from a single collector—I will not accept more than two 
sets of a species from the same party—I also reserve the privilege to return any set or sets not up to 
my standard and also the duplicate sets of many species which I shall undoubtedly receive. should 
Iso desire. Your specimens are to be sent at your risk and prepaid. I will send all return pack- 
ages prepaid and at my risk. 

This offer is a very broad one and will never be repeated—it will hold in force until Jan. 15th 
1895. not a single day later. 

I have no time to correspond over this matter, hence do not write me in relation to the Same 
unless itis absolutely necessary or your letter is accompanied with specimens. Faithfully, 

FRANK H. LATTIN. 


The following are the articles and the prices at which I of- 
fer them in exchange for the abowe in addition to the ones 
offered in November Oologist: 


Astropecten bizpinosus A peculiar Star fish Egg of Gray-tailed Cardinal _....... 1... 50 
far 1x1 © aid mn ey ee EBD Sa Nees 3 50 Nidorella armata, a peculiar Star fish from 
Asterias ochracea, That large yellowish Galifor- Panama, somewhat suggestive of a minature 
nia Star fish, covered with those peculiar African shield..._.. s (0) 
La aVONOL Oy THOMAS Leas bas eerste sess 15 Heliaster Kubingii. “This is a “peculiar many 
1000 back numbers of the Youth’s Companion armed Svar tish from Chili known as “Sun 
and Golden Days in lots of 50 [or over, at 3c Flower” Starfish, ‘‘Sun-dial” Star fish... 1 00 
per copy. Porcupine Fish, from the Pacific................ 1 00 
Genuine Sioux War _ Clubs, stone heads, Polished Buffalo Hoof Cushion............-....... 1 50 
rawhide covered handles, selected specimens, Card Case large. size with polished Agate 
(must go by express at cechanes Oro SWF STGES! o/s Re eS SE ee 8 00 
pense)... 5 00 Stamp Box, Agate. LF pik eC UO pr ee 1 50 
“Standard ‘Catalogue of N. A. Birds. Eggs. uy Book Mark, Agate handle with ‘‘World’s Fair” 
Deere alee ten aoa ier eres aU erate. ee tee De Muar aS 35 engraved ona sickle shaped blade ......... 1 50 
‘Notes on the Natural History ‘of Labr ager, » Cigar @mtteni@hanm Ss tAto ates eee eee i 25 
SS UO BITS een eee A cers crce ety ee ee ee ee Cen ee Se eS 1 00 Ladies Double Pins, best rolled plate posts and 
A specimen of that large magnificent and rare chain with assorted topaz and amethyst bale 
HMehinidh WMetalia speciosa, ee eee 3 00 SILOS FU ee ean eae ae en er bree Gg Se 2 50 


Address all letters and packages that have connection with 


anything mentioned on this page, plainly and in full to 


FRANK H. LATTIN, 
ORLEANS CO., ALBION, N. Y. 


THE 


WOOL: XT NO. 12. ALBION, N. 


Y., DEC., 1894. 


)OLOGIST. 


WHOLE No. 110 


A Few Notes on the Tufted Puffin. 


The Tufted Puffin (Lunda cirrhata) 
belongs to a curious sub-family of birds, 
its grotesque beak alone making it an 
object of curiosity. 

It is known as the ‘‘Sea Parrot” trom 
its general resemblance to a parrot, but 
more particularly because of its beak. 
The structure of the Puffin is compact 
and it is one of the most powerful sea 
birds found on the Farallone Island. It 
has great wing power, as have all the 
sea birds for in the migratory season 
they cover immense distances. 


numbers, usually on the rocks near the 
summits of the higher cliffs. They will 
often sit perched on a rock near the 
entrance to their burrows for a consid- 
erable time, making not asound and 
suggesting to one a sentinel in the per- 
formance of a solemn and important 
duty. They arethe most striking birds 
that inhabit the cliffs. The body is 
almost a uniform black terminating 
abruptly at the neck, the head being 
white. Two straw-yellow plumes, one 
on either side of the head curve back 
and downwards, are of almost a silken 
fineness. ‘The immense beak consists of 


ee. 


From Photo by Barlow. 


Egg. Nest and Nesting Site of Tufted Puffin. 


The Tufted Puffin is seldom found 
along the Coast, but Mr. L. M. Loomis 
of the Cal. Academy of Sciences has 
recently proven by personal observa- 
tions that many of the sea birds (among 
them the Puffin) keep well out at 
sea in their migrations, with the coast 
dine barely in view as a guide. 

On the Farallone Island the Tufted 
Puffin is to be found in considerable 


several transverse sections, colored 
With varying shades of red, green and 
vermillion. 

The Puffins are exceedingly wary 
when on duty near their burrows and 
keep a lookout on all sides, and if 
one approaches them and makes a 
threatening movement—they immediat- 
ely plunge from their perch and swift- 
ly sail out over the ocean. They are 


354 


also very :tenacious of life, and unless 
one is armed with a gun, to capture and 
killa Puffinis noeasy matter. I once 
saw a Greek egg-picker catch a bird in 
its burrow and attempt to kill it. He 
wrung its neck and struck its head a- 
gainst a rock very forcibly but to no a- 
vail, until a knife was used to sever an 
artery. I shot several of these birds for 
skinning purposes and found it required 
hard hitting to kill them outright. 

The nesting habits of this species are 
most interesting. They nest usually at 
the end of natural burrows in the gran- 
ite cliffs, varying in length from two to 
five feet, They also are found at one 
place on the Island where there are 
numerous large bowlders gathered on 
a hillside. Here the eggs are laid in lit- 
tle depressions behind the-rocks, gener- 
ally out of sight of a passer-by. The Puf- 
fins raise at least two and possibly more 
young in a season, and the date of nest- 
ing varies with the seasons. 

One egg is laid at the end of the bur- 
row, a few pieces of coarse, dry weed 
generally being used as a nest. The 
female Puffins sit very close, especially 
as the egg advances in incubation. 
While approaching burrows known to 
be inhabited, and making considerable 
noise by reason of scrambling about 
among the rocks, I have seen the birds 
come to the mouth of their tunnels and 
and upon seeing me, take wing, In 
these cases usually I secured fresh eggs. 
Again I have peered into a long, dark 
burrow to see the conspicuous white 
face of the Puffin pointing toward me. 
A writer has suggested this is a signal 
of danger (to the collector). Generally 
the birds would prove to be covering an 
incubated egg or a young bird. 

A scoop is used to good advantage in 
gathering the eggs from deep burrows 
and is a much more comfortable means 
of gathering the treasures than by 
reaching in when Mrs. Puffin is at home. 
The Paftins have a reputation of being 
“‘stayers” if once they get the fingers of 


LHE OOLOGIST. 


an enemy in their powerful beaks. 
This reminds me of one of the egg-pick- 
ers who had a friend in San Francisco, 
who possessed a lonely parrot. Having 
heard of the ‘‘sea parrot” he suggested 
that the egger bring him one as a mate 
for his ‘‘Polly.” This occurred to the 
egg-picker as a capital joke, and he: 
immediately secured one and it came in. 
on the boat that we returned on from 
the Island. It is safe to say that if the 
recipient placed the ‘‘parrot”’ with his 
domestic Polly, the latter did not sur- 
vive long enough to secure an introduc- 
tion to its cousin from the sea. 

The young of the ‘Tufted Puffin are 
an entire black in color, The Puftins. 
subsist, I believe, entirely upon fish 
which they catch and do not eat eggs. 

The eggs of this species are somewhat 
large for the size of the bird. They 
show much variation as to size and 
markings and are pointed. Few eggs. 
are found which can be called pure 
white as most of them haye deep shell 
markings of a light lilac shade. I have 
one egg which is spotted over the entire 
surface. Another has a héavy wreath 
about the largeend, composed of wavy 
blotches of light brown and lilac. Ina 
large series great variation is obtainable. 
I should judge that the first part of 
June is most favorable for fresh eggs, 
as on the 20th almost all were badly in- 
cubated and a number of young were 
found. 

On one cliff I came across the evid- 
ence of a probably fierce battle. In a 
burrow some four feet in length was a 
Puflin sitting sedately upon its fresh 
egg. About one-half the way in was a 
dead Cassin’s Auk'et, evidently having 
been dead a day two and near by was 
its single white egg. I inferred that 
the Auklet had selected the burrow as 
its home and was incubating its ege 
when a ferocious Puffin came along, 
“jumped the elaim,’? murdered its al- 
most helpless owner and took possess- 
ion. I took the Puffin’s egg and left. 
the scene of the fray. 


THE OOLOGIST 


Owing to its peculiar structure and 
beak the Tufted Puffin is one of the 
most interesting specimens an osteolo- 
gist could well secure, though the strik- 
ing coloration of the beak rapidly fades 
after death. 

Many of the eggs of the Puffin become 
nest cracked by being rolled against the 
sharp edges of rock by the parent bird 
in leaving and entering the burrow. 
These birds nest in colonies on some 
parts of the Island and seem to dwell 
together harmoniously. 

As night silently settles over the Is- 
land, after a glorious sunset, the Puffins 
come forth from their burrows and can 
be seen at twilight perched stolidly on 
the cliffs—a gvard as it were—over the 
Island until the first gray dawn in the 
East shall announce another day and 
the harsh glamouring of the sea birds 
lend life to the scene once more. 

C. BARLOw, 
Santa Clara, California. 


The Scarlet Tanager. 


Did you ever see a girl dressed in a 
bright scarlet gown with black velvet 
sleeves? Of course you have; and if 
you are anything like me, you are not 
an admirer of this kind of dress. It is 
too flashy and brilliant for a street cos- 
tume, and rather savors of show, anda 
tendency to be conspicuous, and seen 
of men. 

However, we can forgive the gaudily 
dressed person, if there are redeeming 
traits of character, and particularly are 
we liable to overlook the foibles of 
fashion, if the individual possesses a 
pleasing voice and graceful mauners. 
This comparison of the Scarlet Tanager 
with the flashily-dressed girl, could be 
carried still farther, but I hear some 
girl student of bird-life, remark, that I 
ama little crooked in my reasoning; 
for it is Mr.,S. Tanager who shines 
forth in searlet and velvet, while the 
lady in the case, is known as a retiring 
and plainly dressed home-body. 


300" 


The red-bird or fire-bird arrives, on 
an east and west line, on a _ parallel: 
with New York city, about April the’ 
twentieth, or a little later as a rule.. 
and sometimes not till the very last 
part of the month. Soon after the ap-- 
pearance of the brilliant males, the re- 
tiring, greenish-coated mates lend their™ 
presence. Many birds pass to the 
North, and during migration the Tana- 
ger is silent, but as soon as the neigh-- 
borhood is selected for a summer home, . 
these brilliant plumaged birds of thrill- 
ing, soulful melody, tune their silvery” 
throats in the shade of the groves. 

When a child I was told that this” 
brilliantly-colored bird never sang, and 
I used to view it as a representative of 
fashion alone, in bird-dom, and did not 
rank it among my favorites. Later, 
when I had become familiar with its 
beautiful song, and had listened to its 
soulful notes in the forest, my adniira- 
tion increased. 

There are few species of our song- 
sters which surpass this retiring wood- 
land bird, and it is to be doubted if 
there are any singers of the deep woods 
who equal him. Although comparison 
fails to do justice to this songster, it 
may be said that the Tanager’s refrain 
is something like the song of the Rose- 
breasted Grosbeak. It is not nearly so 
loud nor quite as variable but there is 
a similarity to an extent. To copy the 
song by a series of syllables on paper is 
seldom satisfactory. In faet, tbis is 
hardly ever a suecess with bird songs, 
for the songs, though familiar, do not 
always sound ‘he same to our ears at 
different times. From this reason, a 
very thorough study of the notes must 
be made before it is best to offer our 
notes'on bird songs to the public. I 
have repeatedly taken notes on this 
bird’s song, but have not yet resolved 
them into notes which I would want to 
to publish. While speaking of bird 
songs and their description, a few 
words to observers may rot be out of 
place. 


"B56 


If one records with pen and ink, the 
song of a bird, that is, translates it in- 
to sounds which can be placed on pa- 
per, and then lays the description 
away, it will usually be found that the 
next description of the same song will 
not correspond with the first record. 
In this manner five or six, or more dif- 
ferent songs may be credited to a spec- 
ies whereas it has but one or at the 
most no more than two or three. If we 

_go into the woods and fields with our 
minds made up about a birds song, we 
will hear that song just as we have it in 
our mind. For instance, one bird says, 
‘bob-white,’ another ‘whip-poor-will,’ and 
still another ‘kill-deer,’ and it is difti- 
cult to fit other suitable words to the 
song-notes, because we have known 
them so long. However, we wel! know 
that American strangers to the notes 
might adjust the songs to decidedly dif- 
ferent syllables, and it is utterly be- 
yond our ability to say how a French- 
man or German might define the song. 

The fire-bird sometimes sings during 
the hours of darkness, and it is one of 
the seven or eight species who are mu- 
sical at night in my locality. It is only 
during May and June that it favors us 
with its notes at nizht, and then only 
at rare intervals, and in a quarter of 
a century of observations I have only 
noted the song during the hours from 
ten p. m. to one a. m. a few times. 

Soon after arriving the bird begins 
mating, although I am satisfied that 

“this species, like nearly all other 
song-birds, is principally mated on ar- 
rival. The nests are not 1arely begun 
by the middle of May, but more often a 
week or ten days later. 

The nest is a very shiftlessly con- 
structed affair, and is so poorly put to- 
gether that the eggs can nearly always 
be seen through the thin bottom, or 
even sides, ‘and collectors frequently 
govern themselves in regard to date of 
climbing the tree, from a daily or week- 
ly inspection of the nest from the 
ground. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Nests are nearly always found on 
horizontal limbs, and at from three to 
ten feet from the main body of the tree, 
and at an elevation generally of twelve 
to thirty feet above the ground. One 
nest which met my notice was above 
forty feet, and two were just below 
that height. One nest was only eight 
feet up and another barely ten feet. 
The structure is often placed in a_hori- 
zontal fork. out is frequently built on 
top of a limb and supported at the sides 
by small shoots. It may be that nests 
are oceasionally found in upright 
crotches, but they are never taken in 
these situations to my knowledge. 
Neither are they usually found close to 
the trunk. 

The fire-bird often selects high woods, 
and more nests have come to my notice 
in oak woods than any other. In these 
situations it generally prefers white oak 
trees, Quercus alba. In lower lands, 
the birds select beech and sometimes 
elm. On one occasion I found a nest in 
a wild crab-apple and a friend took a 
set in an ironwood. 

Small twigs and roots mainly form 
the structure. To these, dead grass, 
and strips of bark, are occasionally 
added, and at times dead leaves are 
found. 

The earliest date at which I have 
taken a complete set is May twenty- 
third, while the best date collecting 
fresh eggs from the 40th to 48d paral- 
lels is about June tenth. Itis not rare 
to find fresh sets as late as July first 
and I have taken eggs on the eighteen- 
th of that month. Itis not easy to ae- 
count for these late nestings, but it is 
probable that they are the result of dis- 
turbances to the first attempt, for it is 
generally believed that this species 
rears but a single brood during the 
season. 

The eggs are so well known that but 
slight description will be given here. 
In color they are of a bluish-green, in- 
clining to green and are marked and 


THE OOLOGIST. 


dotted with brown, sometimes over the 
entire surface, but oftener near the 
larger end. Occasionally there is a 
confluence of blotches, which makes a 
patch at the butt, and again the spots 
‘forma ring. If a comparison were 
made, it might be said that the red- 
bird’s eggs more nearly approach those 
of the Rose-breasted Grosbreak, both in 
eolor and markings, than any other 
eggs that we have in my section. They 
are almost always smaller than the 
Grosbeak’s, yet I have seen them so 
alike in size, shape and markings that 
the best expert would be deceived and 
not able to identify. 

Davie gives three to five as the size of 
a set, but I have never found a set of 
five eggs, nor can I learn of that num- 
ber being taken. In quite two-thirds 
of the complete sets that I have found 
only three eggs occupied the nest. 

Although so well known, the collec- 
tions of eggs throughout the country, 
do not contain good series of sets of 
this Tanager. I refer to local collec- 
tions, and not the ones which are bought 
and exchanged for all over the Union. 
In fact I can say that the eggs of this 
species are not easily taken. 

It is not rare to find nests, but it is 
not always an easy matter to get the 
eggs. Irecall my earlier attempts at 
securing the eggs. The first nest was 
all of ten feet from the trunk and 
placed on a limb of a size which would 
not bear my weight, nor could I bend 
it up to the limb above. Placing two 
friends below with a blanket in their 
hands, I tried the act of shaking the 
eggs out. Result: Shook out O. K. but 
smashed when they struck the blanket. 

My next nest was well out on a limb 
and quite thirty feet up. Reaching out 
I tied a rope on limb and the other end 
of the rope was made fast to limb 
above. ThenI whittled for a half hour. 
Result: Limb rotated when rope was 
pulled and eggs went to destruction. 
The next two sets were just ready to 


307 | 


hatch and the eggs ruined in attempts 
at blowing. In fact I had been collect- 
ing four years before a good set was 
secured. 

Like the efforts of most boys, my per- 
sistence was worthy of a better cause. 
Now, as | look back, although there are 
a thousand pleasing memories in con- 
nection with my trips and escapades, 
itis painful to think how I erred in 
judgment for the need of an advisor. 

There was no O6LOGIsT in those early 
days to help a fellow along. 

DipyYMUs. 


-—_t <> > _—~+ 


Water Birds of Heron Lake. 

Every collector of eggs in America, 
nearly, knows about Heron Lake, the - 
‘locality indicated on the data for bis 
sets of Franklin’s Gull being,” Heron 
Lake. Jackson Co., Minn. Knowing - 
well the famousness of this collecting 
ground, and aware that this spot is the 
home of that quiet but enthusiastic gar- 
dener, sportsman and ornithologist, Mr. 
Thomas Miller, I found an added satis- 
faction, last Aprilin the fact that my 
new work had called me to a spot not 
five miles from the homes of Mr. Miller 
and the Franklin Gulls. 

Itis a really wonderful avifaunian 
region. The lake at high water has a 
linear extent of fifteen miles. (In 1870, 
before the day of railroads, a steamer 
plied the Jake, for this distance, while 
Sandhill Cranes nested, plentifully, on 
the prairie slopes along the western 
end of the lake.) Thus, evidently, is 
formed a local point in the belt of mi- 
gration lying immediately west of the 
Mississippi river; while the sparse oc- 
currence of tiny natural tree-groups . 
(oak, ash, box-elder, cottonwood), and 
of well regulated and well grown ‘‘tree- - 
claims’? and ‘wind-breaks,” provides . 
the finest of resting and feeding places 
for the smaller land birds. (Mr. Miller 


sets, behind his pipe, of a Sunday after- 


noon in early May, beside his door, be- - 


“358 


neath one of the trees in the narrow 
-belt of natural growth elders at the 
head of the lake, and counts more kinds 
of Warblers and such-like in half an 
hour than you big woodsy fellows of 
Pennsylvania and Michigan can iden- 
tify in a week!) From the high plateau 
of my Wilder home, Heron Lake, in 
summer, appears as a narrow belt of 
silver, girding the greenery of the field 
and meadow, tive miles to the south. 
But, in mid March of this year, as I 
came down to ‘‘look over the .ground,”’ 
it lay, asa sombre, gray possibility in 
the vague distance, whence and whith- 
er came and went great phalanxes of 
Mallards, impelled by hunger; and 
dazed by the mist and the sleet that 
swept and drove, here, there, 
everywhere. 

On April 8d this region gave one a 
kindlier welcome. ‘There lay the lake, 
and Gulls were wheeling and whirling, 
Ring-bills, maybe, forthey did not come 
near, nor linger long. The evening of 
April 6a flock of my favorite White- 
fronted Geese sounded their haut-boy 
eall, and early next morning, on the 
wings of the warm south wind, came a 
wave of migration, gieat flocks of Can- 
vas-backs, in lines and V’s, and cres- 
cents, their wings silvery gleaming,and 
among them all, one solitary Snow 
Goose. 

Next morning the clear, resonant 
bassoon of the Sandhill Cranes called 
the eye upward to where the stately 
forms were sailing northward, ‘‘half- 
mile” high, or gun-shot low, in squads 
and companies of six, nine, fifteen, 
forty-five: why didn’t they come down 
and nest, as they used to twenty-five 
years ago.It was too much,—this super- 
abundant sign of bird life. My car 
(with horse and carriage) not yet ar- 
rived, I set out for Heron Lake on foot. 
Just launching my boat, I hear again 
the Sandhill’s trumpet call, and, look! 
seventy-five, passing, low down, across 
the lake-arm, barely out of range! 


and , 


THE OOLOGIST. 


I near an island. Blue-winged Teals 
arise from the grass; a Gadwall drake 
whistles by, unheeding boat or man, a 
gaudy Shoveller winds his watchman’s 
rattle, across the bay;and a white cloud 
of Forster’s Teras came whirling and 
gliding past with strident calls. 

A large island tempts me ashore. 
From growths of reed and grass, with 
water hip deep, the Mallards rise, sud- 
denly, and escape my gun. In a shal- 
low pool are Green-wings feeding, and 
here on the margins, are springing the 
tender shoots of Vallisnerta and now I 
know what calls hither those rafts of 
Canvas-backs that are whitening the 
distant waves, rising, now and then, 
for very unrest and lurking fear. 

About mid-afternoon the incessant 
passing of the ducks, beyond my range 
became monotonous, when suddenly a 
pair of Canada Geese appears, above 
the near cane brake horizon, perhaps a 
half mile away. ‘The distance was rid- 
iculous, but what sportsman wonld not 
have grasped his gun afresh, and. wait- 
ed a nearer approach, with beating 
heart. The birds were passing slowly 
over a small island clad with canebrake 
of unusual luxurianece, when suddenly 
four bellowing shots rolled out in deli- 
berate succession from beneath the 
birds. With renewed eagerness I 
watched the Geese :move onward, un- 
ruffled, expecting instantly the spasm- 
odic lift of wing and the wheeling fall, 
for these birds fly far when hit and die 
hard. Suddenly, sure enough, one 
bird poises her wings and lowers her 
course,slowly, steadily and drops in the 
midst of a bare, fire scorched shallow 
on the lake margin, over a mile away. 
Quickly I take oar to help the suecess- 
ful sportsman find his bird. 

AsI near the island where the shots 
were fired I see upon rounding a point 
a whole raft of Ducks, gracefully riding 
the restless waves. Cautiously I hug 
the grassy margins, and leap ashore 
and steal across .the island through 


THE OOLOGIST. 


lense growths of grass and canebrake, 
the latter, often ten feet high. But here 
the musk-rats have mown their timber 
for years. It lies yard measure deep 
in some spots. There just beyond me 
isan open space, twenty feet square 
maybe, and well shut in with the drift 
and wrack piled deep above the very 
shallow water. And near to one side, 
is a mound of material, three feet 
across and eight inches elevated, of 
grass and reed stems and flag stems 
and grey down and in its center (a_hol- 
low, wash-bowl size) are four creat 
white eggs! What! a nest of the Cana- 
da Goose, not five miles, as the Herons 
fly, from the sound of clicking type- 
writers, and of the parsing of Greek 
verbs, from the bustle and the routine 
school life and of ‘‘actual business?’ A 
nest of the Canada Goose and the moth- 
er bird is dead! Thus my personally 
taken set of Canada Goose eggs were 
laid by perhaps the last pair of these 
birds to breed at Heron Lake. 

I press to the farther margin of the 
islandto get a shot at that flock of 
Ducks. There they are, thick together, 
Traise my gun, suddenly a boat prow 
eclipses half the flock and a disappoint- 
ed city sportsman gathered in his de- 
COVSHweaelello; 7 hs cried: “What? 
[shortly] ‘“‘Your Goose fell dead over 
yonder!’ ‘I know it!” [snappishly]. 
So [ went on alone to find the bird, whose 
mate, incessantly calling, betrayed the 
place where she fell. 

Ten minutes hard wading in the shal- 
lows, away yonder is the bereaved gan- 
der, off he goes, and his dead mate 
briskly follows! And so is ruined a 
pathetic story. Two other nests were 
later found, containing eggs and I my- 
self in June discovered, on a rat-house, 
the depth of the wilderness of grass and 
cane, adeserted nest, the young hatched 
and gone and a single egg of Forster’s 
Tern reposing in a hollow in the very 
middle ofthe nest. Later still I flushed 
fourteen old Geese in one flock. Wary 


birds, the wariest of the wary, may they 
here long breed and prosper! 

But now to my notes again. April 
138th a pair of Loons arrived in the lit- 
tle lake across the railroad track from 
my house. They staid a week. 

April 14th the Greater Yellow-legs be- 

gan to appear in the grassy pools. 

Four days later their lesser cousins be- 
gan to arrive. Both kinds grew more 
abundant until the middle of May when 
they practically disappeared. 

Avril 18th found me at the Lake 
again. A few Red-heads; a Pintail or 
two;a pair of Marbled Godwits; and 
scattered ‘‘wisps” of Pectoral and Semi- 
palmated Sandpiper, were among the 
species newly seen. 

The last of April, American Bitterns 
began to be heard booming in the 
marshes. Then on May 8d came the 
Franklin Gulls, all at once, flfty in the 
first flock Isaw. What charming, soc- 
iable, Swallow-like birds! Why have 
not the men who have taken their eggs 
by the hundred told us somewhat of 
their ‘‘life histories?’ 

P. B. PEABODY. 
(TO BE CONTINUED.) 


Some Expericnce with the Young of the 
Ruffed Grouse and Bob White. 


(GEPANRETITED) 

To those who reverence Nature and 
learn to worship through her teachings, 
it must always seem a lovely circum- 
stance that the inberent fear, the way- 
ward disposition in the wild bird and 
mammal alike, yield to domestication 
only through the agencies of kindness 
and of patience. 

To domesticate, we must first gradu- 
ally gain confidence from the wild spir- 
it of the individual in hand, and then, 
through many succeeding generations, 
by painstaking care, I might say by 
love, must instill into the being of the 
once fearful species, the trust and feel- 
ing of fellowship which such environ- 
ment usually inspires. 


360 


It would seem that our Creator in- 
tended all animals to administer to our 
wants in just such proportion as we 
show ourselves deserving of tnem, in 
our attitude towards the lower animals. 

For instance, a wild species, which is 
found by man to be of much value, if 
not domesticated by him, must be killed 
to be utilized, and is surely doomed to 
ultimate extermination, towards which 
end ihe Beaver and the Passenger Pig- 
eon have already so nearly come. 
Again our animals, when domesticated, 
are profitable just in proportion as they 
are made the more comfortable. To 
get the best results from a cow, ora 
sheep, or a hen, we must study the 
needs and bestow the care upon it, that 
will supply the comfort which the ani- 
mal requires; and the improvement of 
breeds is accomplished only through 
the appearance and predominence of 
valuable characteristics which condi- 
tions more favorable than the species 
had before known, had caused to de- 
velop and remain. In other words, 
man must domesticate through kind- 
ness and care for with kindness in or- 
der to derive the greatest benefits from 
any native species whose habits will 
admit of such a course. 

It is a very interesting study to note 
the different degrees of adaptability to 
domestic life, and the ease with 
which some species are subdued while 
others remain as yet unyielding. 

All this is fine to think of and now 
for variety’s sake let us be honest and 
admit with what pride we, who are 
loyal citizens of the greatest country in 
the New World (and every Ornitholo- 
gist loves to eat), remember that the 
magnificent turkey, symbolical of 
Christmas and Thanksgiving Day 
throughout our land, is exclusively a 
North American species. And more,— 
the turkey wears feathers! 

I started out, however to tell you 
something of my experience in dealing 
with the wild natures of a brood each 


THE OOLOGIST. 


of the Ruffed Grouse, Bonasa umbellus, 
and the Bob White, Colinus virginian- 
us. 

In a black ash swale a Ruffed Grouse 
was flushed from her nest in the dry 
leaves, beneath the end of a fallen tree, 
and a clutch of nine eggs procured for 
our experiment. I secured the servi- 
ces of a Black-Red Game Bantam hen, 
which had already manifested a strong 
desire to hatch a brood, she being in 
my mind the nearest approach to the 
natural mother obtainable. 

Then followed many anxious days of 
watching; the eggs being partly incu- 
bated I was unable to know just when 
to look for the appearance of the young. 
During this time all preparations for 
the expected brood were completed. 
A tight board, movable pen, fourteen 
feet square was constructed, open at 
the top, and ant hills and other sourees 
of insect food located. I had been in- 
formed that after the hatching the mo- 
ther partridge always led her brood at 
once to an ant hill, the inhabitants of 
which furnished the first food of the 
young birds. 

At last the eventful day had come. I 
entered the apartment in which the hen 
was sitling, to find things in a state of 
the utmost confusion. One of the eggs 
had hatched, and its former occupant 
had at once left the nest, where its less 
forward brothers and sisters were yet 
striving to free themselves from their 
prison shells, and was running round 
and round the room peeping loudly at 
each step, The hen, uncertain what 
course to pursue,maintained a balanced 
position upon the nest of eggs. Any 
who have had experience with hatching 
chickens will readily. understand the 
perlious aspect of such a state of af- 
fairs. The little fellow was at once re- 
moved however to a warm place and 
quite soon established in the sitting 
apartment. A few hours passed;—I 
went cautiously to the nest to see how 
things were progressing, and as I rais- 


THE OOLOGIST. 


ed the hen from the nest, | found not 
three, nor four, nor five, but eight moie 
little partridges. Every egg had 
hatched. So far very well. Now, be- 
gins ‘‘my tale of woe.” 

From the very first the little ones 
seemed afraid of taeir foster mother; 
they neither understood her clucks and 
cries of alarm nor her attempts at brood- 
ing them. All were transferred from 
the nest to the pen in the open air and 
ants, flies, beetles, Jarve: of various 
kinds, angleworms, crumbs. etc., were 
putbefore them but they took no notice 
of the food although the hen called their 
attention to it in her most coaxing 
tones, picking up morsels and dropping 
them again and again before them, but 
not one would even deign to notice her 
discomfiture. In fact they never ate, 
that Iam aware of and their crops were 
found to be entirely empty after death. 
The old hen was true to the last and 
never did a. mother do more for her 
brood but they were apparently as 
much afraid of her as of me. Round 
and round the pen they walked in  sin- 
gle file, peeping much like young turk- 
eys, thoughnot so strongly, until one 
by one they dropped by the way; the 
victims of starvation in a land of plen- 
ty. I must confess that, though hardly 
to be at once reconciled to so summary 
a disappointment in the death of the 
young birds, I was relieved to know 
that the little sufferers were at rest. 
The continuous and plaintive peep, 
peep, peep, haunts me still. There is 
undoubtedly a better way than that in 
which I handled these young Paitridges. 
That they must be confined, however, 
Iam certain or all would at once stray 
from the hen and be lost. They seemed 
totally incapable of receiving any care 
whatever from the hen; they never ate, 
they never rested. Although after 
studying the ‘‘ways and means” of the 
subject thoroughly, I:intended to try 
again, I am convinced that some course 
very different from any common meth- 
od of procedure with wild birds must 


361 


be found, if suecess be possible, in rear- 
ing the young of the Ruffed Grouse, 
known more popularly with us as part- 
ridge. Could we but rear one brood in 
confinement, partial domestication, at. 
least may not be impossible. 
With the Bob White or Quail 
work was far more satisfactory. 
L. WHITNEY WATKINS, 
Manchester, Mich. 
(LO BE CONTINUED.) 


my 


Protest Against Bird Slaughter. 


At the November meeting of the Coop- 
er Ornithological Club of California. 
held at San Jose, Cal., resolutions were 
adopted condemning the practice of 
slaughtering many beautiful birds for 
millinery purposes. The resolutions 
are as follows : 


Resolved, That the Cooper Ornitho- 
logical Club deplore and condemn the 
perverted taste and cruelty of the 
fair sex in fostering the slaughter of 
thousands of Egrets (for their plumes) 
and.countless numbers of other birds, 
of song and beauty, for millinery pur- 
poses; and that we especially condemn 
the shooting of Gulls and Terrs on the 
shores of San Francisco Bay, as well as 
Snowy Plover and other shore birds a- 
long the coast, and the wholesale slaugh- 
ter along the Colorado River, the breed- 
ing grounds of numerous species, which 
are being exterminated by Indians em- 
ployed by unscrupulous whites; that we 
view with alarm the appalling fact that. 
more birds are destroyed annually in 
the United States for each large mil- 
linery firm than are contained in the 
combined coliections of bird students in 
this country—the accumulation of gen- 
erations. And be it further 

Resolved, 'That every means be put. 
forth to influence legislation for the 
protection of birds, and to discourage 
the wearing of birds, resulting in such, 
shameful annihilation of the beautiful 
creatures of the air, the common, ina-- 
lienable heritage of all who love Nature. 
and her children of hilland valley, wood! 
and shore. And be it further 

Resolved, That a copy of these resolu-. 
tions be sent to the intelligent and gen- 
erous press, who may assist in the eli- 
mination of this execrable evil. of fash- 
ion. 


THE OOLOGIST. ; 


From Photo by Allen. 


A Remarkable Nest- 


A nest of the Baltimore Oriole, mentioned in ‘“‘A Study of Nests” on page 302, 


October OOLOGIST. 


‘‘A string was woven into the nest at one side, and then car- 


ried up to a higher twig, thus keeping it from closing as-it would otherwise have 
done, so that the parent bird could not get in.” 


> —+ <-> —+ 


Notes from Audubon s Biography. 


FrReD W. PARKHURST. 


Part VIL. 


Mr. Audabon called on Mr. Breed- 
love, the Collector of Customs for New 
Orleans, and presented to him his let- 
ters from the Hon. Levi Woodbury,and 
he at once assured Audubon that the 
revenue cutter the ‘‘Campbell” would 
be at his disposal within a few days, 
but the service or other circumstances, 
did not allow the arrival of the vessel 
at New Orleans untillatein March.Soon 
after the commander of the Cambell 
called upon them, and they were soon 
stowed aboard bis tight little craft. 
Proceeding down the Mississippi they 
sailed through its southwest pass, 
where they were joined by a vessel of 
eight tons, asa tender for their excur- 
sions along the shores. They reached 
the bay of Galveston on the 24th of 


April, 1887, and ransacked not only the 
island of that name, but all those on 
that celebrated inlet of the Mexican 
Gulf which they thought worth {the 
while. ) 

The “Campbell” was the first armed 
vessel of the American Navy that had 
entered the bay, and the fort at Galves- 
ton returned the salute fired from the 
great gun of the Cutter by twenty-six 
fires. This was quite a surprise to Au- 
dubon, and he was almost as much as- 
tonished when he received a visit from 
the Secretary of the Navy of the State 
of Texas, with a written invitation to 
proceed to the seat of Government, 
Houston, which was about eighty miles 
distant from their place of anchorage. 
The ‘ Campbell” proceeded towards this 
place about twenty miles, when, meet- 
ing with a bar on which there was not 
more than about four feet of water at 
full tide, she again came toanchor. At 
this place, which is called Red-Fish 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Bar, on the 9th of May, Edward Harris, 
Captain Coste and five sailors took the 
gig, while the crusader (the tender) 
took the Secretary of the Texan Navy, 
M. Fisher, Esq.,a Mr. Ward and Au- 
dubon and his son. ‘They crossed a 
large but shallow bay with a fair wind, 
and sailing rapidly, passed the town of 
New Washington, and soon afterwards 
several plantations, which formed a 
pleasant contrast to the barren  salt- 
marshes and sandy shores of the gulf. 

About noon they entered Buffalo 
Bayou. Ducks of various species, Wild 
Turkeys, Isbises and many other birds 
were seen in great numbers. The two 
vesselsglided swiftly over the turbid wat- 
ers Bayou until they reached acomforta- 
ble honse,where, after a hasty examina- 
tion of the surrounding country, they 
passed the night.It had commenced rain- 
ing inthe night andin the morning it was 
falling in torrents, but the Secretary of 
the Texan Navy being anxious to reach 
the seat of Goverment, they started in 
the Campbell’s gig. Houston was reach- 
ed early the next afternoon, and the 
city was a welcome sight, for they were 
all drenched to the skin. Immediately 
after their arrival they were presented 
40 General Houston, who received them 
very kindly. The town was crowded 
with drunken Indians, while the beau- 
tiful plain, on the margin of which 
Houston is situated, was covered with 
water ankle deep. 

Having seen all that was interesting 
in the city, and offered the president as 
well as the officers of the staff their best 
thanks, Audubon and his party return- 
ed to their boat, and soon were flying 
swiftly with the strong current down 
stream. Several days were spent in 
searching the country around, and 
among the interesting places visited 
was the battlefield of San Jancinto, 
where Santa Anna with his Mexican 
forces was defeated by the Texans un- 
der Gen. Houston. 

On their way to Red-Fish-Bar they 


363 


stopped two days at the hospitable 
mansion of Col. James Morgan. by 
whom they were received in a most de- 
lightful manner. Here among other 
rarities, they procured a fine specimen 
of the Climbing Rattlesnake, with re- 
curved fangs. 

On the 18th of May Audubon and his 
friends bade adieu to Texas, amid the 
salutes of the several armed Texan ves- 
sels at Galveston, and were soon sail- 
ing along rapidly on the broad waters 
of the gulf of Mexico. Six days later 
they anchored in the southwest Pass 
of the Mississippi. After making a 
short stay with Captain Taylor and_ his 
wife at the Balize, they were taken in 
tow by a steamer, and reached New Or- 
leans on the 27th. Here Audubon had 
the pleasure of meeting his youngest 
brother-in-law, William G. Bakewell, of 
Louisville, Ky., with his wife, neither of 
whom had he seen for several years. 
The commercial revolution which had 
taken place during their absence 
prompted them to proceed at once east- 
ward; and bidding their friends fare- 
well, Audubon and his son set out for 
Charleston by way of Mobile, whence 
they crossed the country with the 
United States’ mail bags, whereon, in 
lieu of downy beds and pillows, their 
weary bones rested in cramped’ posi- 
tions at night,while by day they hadam- 
ple opportunity of walking over miser- 
able roads, through an almost uncultivat- 
ed country, and with very indifferent 
fare. Onreaching Montgomery, how- 
ever, they met with a good coach, and 
moved at a more rapid rate towards. 
their destination. Mr. Harris had 
parted from Audubon at New Orleans, 
and gone up the Mississippi to secure 
for him a collection of preserved Rep- 
tiles and other objects, and after a 
much more pleasant journey than be- 
fell Audubon and his son, joined them 
in Charleston at the house of the Rey. 
John Bachman. At Charleston the 
friendship which had so long existed 


364 


between Audubon and Dr. Bachman 
was still more firmly cemented by the 
marriage of Andubon’s youngest son 
with the doctor’s eldest daughter. 

In the course of their long journeys 
over land, along the shores, and on the 
bayous, Audubon and his party did not 
discover a single bird not previously 
figured by Audubon Whether this 
was because there were but very few 
more to figure, or their lack of success, 
is hard to tell. 

Leaving Charleston they reached Nor- 
folk after a short and pleasant journey, 
and proceeded at once to Washington, 
where Audubon presented himself to 
the President, Martin VanBuren, to 
whom he had letters of introduction 
from his good friend Washington Ir- 
ving. They then passed _ rapidly 
through Baltimore and Philadelphia, it 
being Audubon’s wish to reach New 
York as soon as possible. There he re- 
mained a fortnight while his son and 
daughter-in-law visited the Falls of Ni- 
agara. After their return the three 
went on board the American packet-ship 
the‘‘England,” bound for Liverpool,and 
arrived there seventeen days later They 
made a flying visit to their friends, and 
immeditately went on to London, 
where, on the 7th of August, Audubon’s 
whole family was united once more. 

Audubon found the publication of 
the ‘‘Birds of America” in a satisfactory 
state of progression, but received the 
disagreeable news that a number of his 
British patrons had discontinued their 
subseriptions, and that the most of 
those who still received their numbers 
as they came ont were desirous of see- 
ing the work finished in eighty num- 
bers, as was expected. The price of a 
single copy of the ‘‘Birds of America” 
was one thousand dollars at that time, 
although they can be purchased now 


for less than a fifth of that sum. 


(TO BE CONTINUED.) 


THE OOLOGIST. 


Some Queer Habits of Urinator imber. 


By Tyro. 

There is at least one small piece of 
our country that has not as yet been 
carefully explored by the Naturalist. 
Within this limited locality is the 
northern boundary of the range of 
more than one species peculiar to the 
country west of the Rockies. I speak 
of northern Idaho. 

The northern part of the state is not 
more than forty-five miles across. 
About fifty miles south of the northern 
boundary, the state is crossed by the 
Pend d’Oreille or C'ark’s Fork of the 
Columbian River. The people know it 
as the Pond de kay. Tributary to this 
is Priest River which flows from Lake 
Kaniksu. This lake is north of the 
Pend d@ Oreille. Itisa very beautiful 
lake, surrounded by mountains. It is 
about thirty-five miles long and ten 
miles wide. Small tributaries carry 
the snow-water from the mountains 
to Lake Kaniksu and Priest River. 
The landseape of this locality is widely 
beautiful; savagely grand. 

I attempt this brief description of the 
country because its very wildness has 
something to do with the habits of the 
bird of which I wish to write— Urinator 
imber. The bird is in perfect harmony 
with the surroundings and the surroun- 
ings are congenial to him. 

We were camped at Blue Lake, a 
small sheet of water, with mountains 
on every side; John and Bob were 
coming north to join us. They intend- 
ed to pursue the festive deer and catch 
mountain trout while we were obsery- 
ing the life about us and preserving an 
occasional specimen. 

The gentlemen referred to were fol- 
lowing our route by means of certain 
signs wnich we left along the trail. 
The last note which they dug up near 
the roots of a large pine, read, ‘Turn 
to the right—follow the blazed trail for 


THE OOLOGIST 


a mile or so—give the regulation yell 
and the fiends in the canyon will an- 
swer.” Johnand Bob did their part. 
They turned to the right, followed the 
trail and gave the regulation yell. But 
the answer that came from the canyon 
was a ‘‘caution.’’ ‘‘Who-0-0-0-0-0-p!” 
“What on earth—did you ever hear 
such a racket? It isn’t them it’s—” 
‘Yesitis. It’s some new yell they’ve 
contrived. Perhaps one of them has 
the stomach ache, or—or—’’ ‘‘Gout. 
Ki-t-i-ip !— Le-e-e-a-ho!” —‘* Who-0-0-0-0- 
0-p!  Who-o-0-0-0-0-p! = Vil yi! yi-t-0!” 
came from the canyon. ‘Well Vll— 
wouldn’t it skin you anyway? Well, 
all we can do is to hunt em up.”’ They 
hunted them up and were introduced 
to Urinator imber. Oh, that I could 
have first met him under similar cir- 
cumstances! 

We lived on a bluff, above the small 
lake. The lake was the home of sever- 
al Loons. Sometimes there was but 
three, often five. The Loons were more 
apt to talk to us during the early morn- 
ing or in the evening. The first of us 
who awoke in the morning would give 
a whoop that was always sure to Start a 
concert down on the lake. Our camp- 
fire was the occasion of much inquisi- 
tive talk among them of an evening. 
There was little satisfaction to me in 
always watching them from the bluff. 
I wanted to get nearer—to touch one if 
possible. 

Down near the water I saw a bed in 
the sphagnum where a deer had been 
passing a quiet day. A small trail told 
me thathe frequently came here to drink. 
Early the next morning I took a stand 
on the shore ashort distance from the 
trail. As soon as objects could be 
clearly seen, an old Urinator set up a 
yell. There was a strange object on 
the brush-covered shore, and he could 
not restrain his desire to inspect it. I 
say he, but, I willswager my rifle that 
“he” was a female. ifiis bugle had 
roused his comrades and on they came. 


365 


They would make a large circle, grace- 
fully sailing until their sides were ex- 
posed to me. There, seeming to be- 
come suddenly frightened, one or two 
would dive, while the others would 
scud away at a great rate. ‘They would 
then reassemble, utter a few cries and 
makea circle that would bring them 
nearer. The same hasty retreat would 
again be made. This circling and re- 
treating soon became monotonous and 
they adopted bolder tactics. They ap- 
proached ina zigzag line. Now, tke 
leader would waver, fall back, turn 
sidewise or rising up, flap his wings 
while another took the lead. Then. af- 
ter several softly uttered cries they 
would all gracefully sail away, casiing 
backward glances as if they were sorry 
to leave. Curiosity, however,was their 
master, and slowly turning round, they 
returned. This time they came in close 
order, occasionally uttering a sharp cry 
that seemed defiant. [ moved toward 
them. There was a plunge and not a 
Loon could be seen. They could not 
remain under long as they were almost 
dying to know what I was. They came 
bobbing up in different places, flapped 
their wings and took another look at 
me. I didnot look half as dangerous 
as the stag that drank at the lake the 
day before, and he was harmless. But 
what was 1? I walked backward a few 
paces. Each Loon charged forward at 
his best pace, and each one screamed 
his loudest. A forward movement on 
my part caused a sudden halt on the 
part of the birds. They were almost 
within throwing distance. The bodies 
of three Louns were so close together 
that they made one large target. I 
slowly raised my rifle—bang! There 
was a curl of blue smoke near me and 
a small space of agitated water where 
the Loons had been. ‘Their curiosity 
was gratified, our interview at an end 
and I was ready for breakfast. 

Our next camp was about forty miles 
north of Blue Lake. We had sailed the 


366 


length of Kaniksu and established our- 
selves on the shore of Priest Lake. 

We were quietly sitting on the gran- 
ite rocks, looking at the sparkling bits 
of mica in the shallow water, when 
what should come sailing round a point 
near by but old lady imber? She was 
not alone but had her youngest son fol- 
lowing in her wake. She at once rec- 
ognized that tents, dogs and men were 
strange objects and turned in the direc 
tion of the open lake. A little excite- 
ment on our part caused Mrs. Loon to 
sink in the water until the little Urina- 
tor had seated himself on her back, 
when she swam directly from us at a 
rapid rate. She was beyond shot-gun 
range and several repeaters brought in- 
torapid action failed to separate her 
from her young one, although in her 
haste he was thrown from her back and 
compelled to swim for himself. 

A certain point on Kaniksuslake can 
boast of three very distinct echoes. 
After these principal echoes, confused 
sounds would rattle around amoug the 
mountains and finally die out in the 
distance. One of our party had a weak- 
ness for making hideous noises, danc- 
ing scalp-dances and the like. When 
Raleigh chose to enjoy himself of an 
evening, a certain Loon across the lake 
kept up his part of tne concert, presum- 
ably as Celighted with the echoes and 
reverberations, as we. This bird took 
great pleasure in adding to his whoop 
an indescribable ‘‘yip” that none of us 
coula imitate. 

Urinator dreads flying and detests 
walking. It is noteasy tor him to rise 
from the water, and he strikes it very 
roughly. In every case where I saw 
one fly to the water near others, they 
plunged and came up at various dis- 
tances from the visitor. Only once 
did I see one attempt to walk. He cut 
such a sorry figure that he became 
ashamed and waddled to the water. 
We frequently experimented with rifle 
and shotgun, but the Loon invariably 


THE OOLOGIST. 


escaped. Once or twice he left a few 
feathers for us as a keepsake. View- 
ing him with a strong spy glass afforded 
us much pleasure. 

It was the Loon’s inquis‘tiveness that 
appeared most interesting to me. In 
the Eastern States I had never seen it 
manifested. Perhaps fear has over- 
come all inquisitive propensities that 
the eastern individuals may have had. 


Methods in the Art of Taxidermy. 


The public has been impatiently 
awaiting the appearance of the new 
work on taxidermy, and after several 
years of promises, the conclusion was 
arrived at, that Mr. Davie’s Taxidermy 
(prospective) would never see the pub- 
lisher’s hands. So longa period has 
elapsed since the first mention of the 
proposed work, thatit is not to be won- 
dered at that impatient naturalists, tax- 
idermists and collectors of skins should 
begin to feel uncertain as to the out- 
come. 

But the author of this wonderful 
work, feeling that the publication was 
to be the effort of his life, postponed its 
completion from time to time in order 
to add new notes and illustrations and 
make it complete in every detail. At 
last Mr. Davie’s Taxidermy has appear- 
ed, and the writer of this review can 
best run up the merits of the work by 
saying that it is perfect in every re- 
spect. There is no chance to criticise; 
no opportunity to pick flaws, either in 
the concise text, covering the art, or 
the admirable illustrations presented in 
the modern form of engraving. There 
is absolutely nothing omitted in the 
text. Every possible point is covered, 
while hundreds of hints are given, un- 
known to the generality of so-called 
bird-stuffers; and no one interested in 
Nature can read a page without profit. 
As boy and man, I have been devoted 
to the preparation of objects of natural 


THE OOLOGIST. 


history for over a quarter of a century, 
yet there is scarcely a page in the new 
work which does not offer valuable 
suggestions to me. 

With all due 1egard to the text, still 
greater credit is due to the incompara- 
ble illustrations. The illustrations so 
essential to the beginner, yet so rarely 
presented in publications, are complete 
in every respect, and it may be said 
that a natural artist could mount a 
bird, mammal or reptile from these 
aids alone, and without reference to the 
text. There is not a wasted sentence 
in the book, and neither is there a point 
lacking in the engravings; from the 
first incision in the bird’s breast to the 
intricate work of turning the skin over 
the head—so difficult to the beginner— 
all is made perfectly plain. 

The test and illustrations go band in 
hand from the skinuing of the smallest 
bird, to the complete mounting of the 
ostrich and elephant. But in addition 
to these, 
heads, preservation of fish, reptiles, 
crustaceans and a dozen other subjects, 
all profusely illustrated. Of course 
ample space is devoted to the prepara- 
tion of a collection of eggs, and the 
subject is handled, as with all others, in 
a masterful manner, and thoroughly 
covers the ground. 

Mr. Davie’s aim is evidently one to 
make accurate workers of ail collectors 
and taxidermists; and with this idea, 
he devotes his pages to practical sug- 
gestion; utterly ignoring the esthetic in 
the text, but aiming to convince all 
through the medium of his illustrations, 
that 

“A thing of beauty is a joy forever.” 

In a partial history of taxidermy, the 
author gives evidence of his familiarity 
with other works, and throughout his 
incomparable compilation, repeatedly 
refers in an admirable manner to other 
taxidermists of note. 

Nothing can be sad in criticisms of 
the general text as regards the sense 


are chapters on mounting 


367 


expressed, but there occasionally occurs 
a misleading word, or nore rarely, a 
sentence. A sharp critic could also 
pick flaws with the position of some of 
the birds and mammal, but in the main 
the illustrations are all tbat could be 
desired, and perhaps it is not to the 
artist’s discredit in delineating attitudes 
which fail to meet my approval. 

There appears to be a growing ten- 
dency in our country to adopt English 
customs; and one, a most lamentable 
fad, of issuing publications with uneven 
sized and rough edged leaves, is upon 
us. The idea is distasteful to all who 
are not Anglomaniacs, even when the 
custom is followed in story editions, 
but to hamper readers with this ridicu- 
fous custom, and that, too, in a book of 
reference, is far irom meeting with the 
approval of the sensible class of stu- 
dents. 

The price of the work when adver- 
tised was a surprise to me, and it was 
felt that there could never bea demand 
for it, but on examination of the publi- 
tion my only surprise is in the fact that 
Mr. Davie’s ‘““Methods in the Art of 
Taxidermy” can be sold at its present 
figure. 

The work is admirable. It is incom- 
parable. It willinstruct the youngest 
as well as the oldest; the professional, 
and amateur as well as the beginner 
who is totally dependent on book in- 
struction. Enough cannot he said in 
favor of this remarkable publication,. 
which wil) hardly be approached, sure- 
ly never excelled within the age of liv- 
ing man. 

Morris Gipss, M. D., 
Kalamazoo, Mich. 


The Barbarism of Fashion. 


It is with profound regret that all 
true Ornithologists and“lovers of the 
beautiful feathered denizens of our 
fields and forests, learn from the recent 


368 


fashion papers that the wholesale 
destruction of birds for millinery pur- 
poses has again been resumed. 

For the past few years, through the 
efforts of the Audubon society and 
others, the wearing of birds for perso- 
nal adornment (?) had practically ceas- 
ed, but now this dreaded fashion is 
again being brought into vogue by a 
num ber of leading milliners. 

The accumulation of bird skins has 
been going on for a couple of years or 
more by dealers of forethought, who 
have been waiting patiently the time 
when they would again reap a _ harvest 
from their store of skins. 

Early last summer [1893] a taxider- 
mist from Poughkeepsie, N. Y. told me 
that a milliner from New York city had 
called upon him a few weeks before, 
wishing to make arrangements with 
him to collect that summer, jive hund- 
red dozen birds of bright plumage; and 
what was equally astonishing this milli- 
ner was intioduced to the taxidermist 
by one of the leading professors of Vas- 
sar College. 

The October Awk in speaking of the 
destruction of birds for this ‘‘absurd 
eraze for hat decoration composed of 
DIGGS INS CSA Sac ern e eeu NU Sica, 
no less respectable fashion journal than 
‘Harpers Bazar in its issue of Aug. 18th 
last, in an article devoted to ‘New Hats 
and Bonnets,’ gives the following delec- 
table information to its readers, with- 
out a word of protest or lament, under 
the subheading ‘Birds and Wings.’ 
‘ * * * Blackbirds prevail, and are 
poised in pairs, with beaks meeting 
lovingly, their wings and tails pointing 
straight to give the shape of a large 
bow. and often resting on a still larger 
bow of liberty satin ribbon of many 
loops. This happy arrangement is on 
the front of small bonnets, while large 
hats have a second pair [of birds] across 
the back, resting on loops or chaux of 
ribbon below the upturned brim. Sin- 
gle birds perch on the front edge of 


THE OOLOGIST. 


the brim of round hats, or nest in the 
large ruche that surrounds the erown— 
the nesting or brooding bird is not con- 
sidered so effective as the newly lighted 
bird with wings still in the air. The 
dear little blackbirds have been touch- 
ed with color by French milliners, who 
hesitate at nothing. They are given 
throat and breast of flint blue, auber- 
gine, or emerald green, and their raven 
wings are also covered on one side 
with these colors. 

Small bluebirds and others of pale 
yellow or pink are giore with jet along 
their slender wings and painted beaks. 
Large chaux made of feathers or stiif 
quills pouwrde with jet are effective 
trimming’s.” 

It is indeed deeply to be lamented 
that the cruel fad had again been taken 
up— or rather forced upon the bonnet 
wearing sex. Every one who cares for 
the birds and knows the consequences 
that would follow their extermination, 
should feel it their duty to put forth 
every effort to abate and discourage 
this barbarous fashion. 

WILLIAM S. JOHNSON, 
Boonville, N. Y. 


—>+ <> <-- = 


Seven Birds from Six Eggs. 


Win. Hencke has a canary that takes 
the lead. She hatched seven birds 
from six eggs. This seems like one of 
William’s hunting stories, but it’s a fact. 
One of the six eggs was double yolked. 
The two hatched from this egg are 
quite a little smaller than the rest but 
are strong and healthy and will doubt- 
less survive. They are now two weeks 
old. Six eggs area large complement 
for a canary but to hatch seven birds 
from them takes the lead. The next 
nest Mr. Hencke expects two from each 
ege. 

[The above we clip from the New 
London (Wis.) Press, and as to its reli- 
ability we need only add that the Press 
is edited and published by Chas. IF. 


Carr.—Ed.] 


THE OOLOGIST. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


A Monthly Magazine Devoted to 
OOLOGY AND ORNITHOLOGY. 


FRANK H. LATTIN, Editor and Publisher 
ALBION, N. Y. 


Correspondence and items of interest to the 
student of Birds, their Nests and Eggs, solicited 
from all. 


TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION. 
Single Subscription - - 50C per annum 
Sample Copies - = - - - 5c each 
The above rates include payment of postage by us. 


Each subscriber is given two coupons, one good 
for an Exchange Notice and the other ior 25c. 
when presented with an order of $1.25 or over. 

Subscriptions can begin with any number. 
Back numbers of the OoLogisr can be furnish 
ed at reasonable rates. Send stamp for descrip- 
tions and prices. 


=" Remember that the publisher must be no- 
tified by letter when a subscriber wishes his pa- 
per stopped, and all arrearages must be paid. 
ADVERTISING RATES. 
20 CENTS PER NONPAREIL LINE EACH INSERTION. 
Twelve lines in every inch. 
SPECIAL RatTEs, for advertisements continued 


Three months or more. per line..............--15€ 
Six months or more, per line........... 1236¢ 
Twelve months or more, per line.............- 10¢ 


ALTERNATIVE RATES. 


Cash must accompany all orders. 


Remittances should be made by Dratt, Express 
or Post Office Money Order, Registered Letter or 
Postal Note. Unused U. 8. Postage Stamps of 
any denomination wiil be accepted for sums un- 
der one dollar. Make Money Orders and Dratts 
payable and address all subscriptions and com- 
munications to FRANK H. LATTIN, 

Albion, Orleans Co., N. Y. 


*,* Articles, Items of Interest and Queries 
for publication should be forwarded as early in 
the month as possible. 


ENTERED AT THE POST OFFICE AT ALBION, N. Y., AS SECOND-CLAS 


An exhaustive index of the OoLoGIsT 
for 94 will be printed in next months 
issue. 


We presume that all of our odlogical, 
ornithological, and taxidermal friends 
keep the:r instruments thoroughly Gun- 
oleumed when not in.use. If not, why 
not? 


Hundreds of subscriptions to OdLoG- 
Ist expire with this issue, about Dec. 


369 
25th would be a most appropriate date 
to remember its Publisher not only with 
a renewalbut with the new subscription. 
of some interested friend. 


Chas. K. Reea writes us that he is 
having the best seasons work he ever 
ex-serienced—Four or five Deer heads, 
a Moose head or two and orders for half 
a dozen of those famous Bird Pieces 
under his patent Oval Convex Glass. 
Shades, in addition to regular work, is 
only a fair example ofan ordinary days. 
business. 


During the past few months the Pub- 
lisher of the OdLoGisT has been the re- 
cipient of many ftattering notices from 
the press of this country—of recent date 
the ‘-Farmer’s Monthy,” and ‘‘The Nid- 
iologist” have dilated on the subject and 
even the new ‘‘Museum” tenderly re- 
fersto him as ‘‘the old concern.” Thank 
you brethren. 


Once more we are culled upon to er- 
ase the name of a bright and enthusias- 
tie young naturalist from the subscrip- 
tion books of the OdLoGist—On Aug. 13 
Leon Wasson aied of typhoid fever at 
the home of his father, Waveland, 
Ind. 


What was your rarest,or most interest- 
ing take of’94? Also, have you any wrink- 
le or contrivance, not generally known, 
that might be of value to some fellow- 
collector? Your account or description 
must be written briefly (must not exceed 
100 words) on a postal and mailed the 
Editor of the O6LoGIST, on or before 
Jan. 15th. A Standard Catalogue will 
be mailed each writer and the three of 
greatest value will receive $1.00 each, 
cash. 


We have critically examined ‘‘collee- 
tions’’ of all kinds, sizes and prices but. 
can honestly say that for the money 
we have never seen anything in the line 


370 


that would compare with the ‘‘Wash- 
ington School Collections” putup at 
“The Microcosm.” The collections 
are so arranged that anyone of ordinary 
intelligence can readily understand 
them and in our estimation it would be 
a difficult matter to obtain a more ap- 
propriate Christmas present for a Nat- 
ure loving friend. 


Who ean tell what living odlogist has 
collected sets of eggs of the greatest 
number of species of North American 
birds? To this query we might also 
add— what living ornithologist has 
shot and prepared the greatest number 
of species of North American birds? 


Mr. K. B. Mathes, whose announce- 
ment appears on other pages, has been 
with ‘‘Lattin” for the past five years, 
has been with or for him at many 
of the leading Fairs throughout the 
United States, was in charge of one of 
his Chautauqua stores in ‘91 and again 
in 94—was at the World’s Fair in 793 
and had charge of most of L’s exhibits 
during the fall of 794. 

Mr. M. has a large personal acquaint- 
ance among the readers of the O6LOGIST 
who will, withits Publisher, wish him 
unbounded success. This success it is 
safe to predict as he isan all around 
American hustler and is throughly post- 
ed inthe business he has adopted, in 
all its details. 


A Sportsmen’s Exposition will beheld 
at Madison Square Garden, New York, 
May 18th to 18th. 

The following classification of the ex- 
hibits will characterize the nature of 
the Exposition. Collective exhibits al- 
lowed. 

Class A—Firearms of every descrip- 
tion, ancient and modern. 

B—Ammunition. 

C—Sporting Sundries and Applian- 
ces. 

D—Fishing Tackle. 


THE OOLOGIST. 


E—Boats, Canoes, ete. 

F—Camping Outfits and Utensils. 

G—Athletie Goods (lawn-tennis, field 
games, etc.) 

H—Zoology, Taxidermy and Taxi- 
dermist’s Supplies. 

I—Kennel Supplies. - 

K—Cameras and 
Supplies. 

L—Saddles Bridles and Horse ‘Equip- 
ments. 

M—Sportsmen’s Art and Literature. 

N—Trophies of the Chase. 

O—Loan Exhibits. 

Full particulars can be obtained from 
the secretary, Frederic S. Webster, 106 
Kast 28d St., New York. 


Photographist’s 


Ameriean Ornithogists’ Union. 


The annual congress of the Amerian 
Ornithologists’ Union was held Nov. 13- 
15, at the Museum of Natural History, 
New York City. Papers were read by 
Frank M. Chapman on ‘‘Habits of Cer- 
tain Tropical Birds;’’ Mrs. Abby F. C. 
Bates, on ‘“‘A Swallow’s Roost at Water- 
ville, Me.,” and others. The shot-gun 
once used by Audubon was on exhibit- 
ion. Officers elected: President— Dr. 
Elliott Coues, Washington, D. C.; First 
vice president—William Brewster, Cam- 
bridge, Mass.; Second vice-president— 
C. Hart Merriam, Washington. D. C.; 
Seeretary—John H. Sage, Portland, 
Conn. 


— a oe 


You Are a Judge. 


Your decision must be mailed us not 
later than the jirst day of January. 
Write on back of a postal card the five 
articles which yow have decided to be 
the most valuable, instructive and inter- 
esting in this number of O6LOGIsST and 
mail tous. Number the articles in the 
order which you think the prizes should 
be awarded. 

We give our Judges five prizes havy- 
ing an aggregate value of over $5, one 
to each of the five whose decisions are 
nearest the final award of Mss. prizes. 


THE OOLOGIST. a71 


On November 30th, 2:15 a. m.. (the night after 


Thanksgiving) the Hditcr of the OOLOGIST 
bagged an unusually well developed specimen 
ot Nycteguus. AS this is an unusually rare vis- 
itant in his immediate locality, in was deemed 
of sufficient interest to Kodak in its various 
phases for the delectation of the readers of the 
OOLOGIST. 


NOVEMBER CONTEST. 


Fifty-one Judges. 


1. TheStudy of Bird Life, 237. 

2. Leach’s Petrel, 170 

3. Nesting Habits of the Chestnut- 
sided Warbler, 1388. 


4. Collecting, viz; Odlogical, 111. 
5. Notes from Audubon’s Biography, 
97. 


The Judges prizes were awarded as 
follows: 


1. No. 18—Harold M. Holland, Gal- 
esburg, Il. 


2. No. 27,—Fred W. Knolhoff, East 
Orange. N. J. 


3. No. 35. 
ington, N.C. 


4. No. 46—L. G. Woodruff, New 
York City. 

5. No. 50—James Howe Slater, Web- 
ster, Mass. 


Judges No’s 18, 27 and 85 named the 
wituning articles in their exact order 
and No’s 46 and 50 placed them 1, 2, 3, 
5.4. All prizes were mailed Dec. 14th. 


ORNITHOLOGY and OOLOGYy.—I want to ob- 
taina quantity of back numbers of various 
publications relating to BIRDS and will allow 
prices as follows for the same. Will accept 
uny number of copies not to exceed 10 of the 
same issue. All must be complete and clean. 
“Bulletin of the Mettall Ornithological Club” 
and The Auk” 30 cts. per copy. ‘The OOLOo- 
GIST” (published at Utica, N. Y. and Rockville, 
Conn., 1875-81); the *‘Ornithologist and Oolog- 
ist;” and **fhe Nidiologist;” ‘Random Notes 
on Natural History” Proyv.. R. I. 5¢ per copy. 
“Wisconsin Naturalist: *‘The Taxidermist;” 
“The Ornithologist and Botanist,’? Bingham- 
ton, N. Y. and any other periodical of not less 
than 8 pages, either amateur or professional, 
devoted to birds published prior to 1894, I will 
allow 3 cts. percopy. I will allow the above 
amounts in payment for. specimens, instrum- 
ents, supplies or publications or if you prefer 
will send credit check for the amount. All 
publications must be seat prepaid (you can 
mail them as ‘second Class mail matter’ @ 4¢ 
per lb.). “‘Returns”’ will be sent prepaid unless 
otherwise specified in catwlogue. I can also 
use the following second-hand books on same 
conditions at prices quoted prepaid. Must be 
in A No. 1 condition. Coues’ ‘“‘Key to N. A. 
Birds” $4.50; Ridgeway’s *‘Manual of N. A. 
Birds” $3.75; Davie’s ‘‘Nests and Eggs of N. A. 
Birds, 3d or 4th; editions, cloth, 85 cts, paper 
65 cts; other standard publication will be accep- 
ted at one-half publishers prices. This notice 
will remain in force until Jan. 15, 1895. After 
that date write what you have to offer before 
sending. FRANK H. LATTIN. Albion, N. Y. 


EGGS. 


From the Orient and Assam ‘Malakka) In- 
dia. Australia, Africa, etc., correctly named 
at moderate prices, also European and exotic 
Birds skins. HERMANN ROLLE, 

Emdener St.. 4, Berlin, N. W., Germany 


H. Gonld Welborn, Lex- 


Send stamp == S) 
for Price List. Gun Works, Pittsburgh, Ps u 


, TENTS,and ~ 
SEI N ES; NEMS ENDS: ands 


“Every description of Guns, R3volvers, Ammu- 
nition and Sporting Goods at very lowest pric- 
es. We have somethivg of interest to you. 


THE NAUTILUS. 

A monthly devoted to the intesests of Con- 
chologists. Edited and published by H. A. Pil+- 
bry, Academy of Natural Sciences and C. W. 
Johnson, Wagner Free Institute, Philadelphia 
Pa’ Send for sample copy. 


edian Relics, Minerals, Curiosities. 
Large Catalogue Free. 

Rbode Island and Connecticut Relies a specialty. 

Some special goods at special prices for stamp. 


W.PERRY ARNOLD, 


‘oyr. STONINGTON, CONN. 
H.W. &C. S. BRIMLE 
COLLECTORS, RALEIGH, sf Cc. 


First-class Bird and MammalSkins and Eggs, 
Reptiles and Batrachians both alive and in ai- 
cohol. Full data. Send stamp for price lists. 


FRANK B. ARMSTRONG, 
--- TAXIDERMIST, 


AND COLLECTOR AND. DEALER IN 


Bird and Mammal Skins, Birds Bogs 


in fine sets, Reptiles, Mounted Birds 
and Animals. 
Brownsville, Texas, U, S.A. 


EDWARD W. CURRIER, 


1420 Sutter St., Room 17, 
San Francisco, Cal. 
Taxidermist and dealer in Birds Eyes, Taxid- 
ermist supplies, ete. Skins and eggs of Cali- 
fornia Birds, also Cal. curiosities. Correspon- 


dence solicited. 
STONE 


INDIAN RELICS! 


On approval by mail. Give reference. A few 
cents expense to see a variety from Many States 
I pay postage one way on arrow and spear 
points. LARGEST Srock, LARGEST VARIETY 
AND FINEST IN THE West. Buckskin Relics. 
-Weapons, Minerals, Fossils, Shells, Agates, 
Curios. Catalogue with prices for stamp. 
BLACK HILLS NATURAL HISTORY ES- 
TABLISHMENT, Deadwood, S. D. 


TAXIDERMISTS’ GUNS, ‘cons 


Pistols, Gun Cases. Shooting Shot Shells; also 


ites tt SPECIMEN HUNTERS. 


tridges for 

All kinds, all prices from $ .)) to $2%.00. List 

free. Write for Taxidermists free list. 
JAMES H. JOHNSTON, 


PITTSBURG, PA. 


THE OOLOGISY. 


What Moves It 


One of Nature’s Wonders. 


THE JUMPING S&ED 0? LIVING BEAN! 


Always Moving, Always Jumping, Always 
Dancing. 
The wonder of the Scientific Woild. Interest- 
ing to old and young. 


The ONLY ANIMATED VEGETABLE Known! 


A full deseription and explanation of this 
phenomenon accompanies each box. 


Price 25c. each, 3 for 50c. Postpaid. 


E. VAN WINKLE, 
Vans Harbor, Mich. 


SRND FOR IT 


ef OMPOUND OxYGEN—Its Mode of Action and 
Results.” —is the title of a hook of 200 
pages.published-hy Drs. Starkey & Palen, which 
giyes to all inquirers full information as to this 
remarkable curative agent, and arecord of sur- 
prising cures in a wide range of chronic caSes— 
many of them after being abandoned to die by 
other physicians. Will be mailed free to any 
address on applicatton. 
DRS. STARKEY & PALEN, 
1529 Arch St., Phila., Pa. 120 Sutter.St., S. Fran'co,Cal. 


Please mention the OOLOGIST. 


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digestion follows their use. Sold 
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Price 50 cents a box. Address 
=RIPANS CUEMIOAL Co., 10 Spruce St., N.Y.= 


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PRINTIN 6s Of all kinds for Naturalists -a 

i WW speciality. Note and letter 
heads, envelopes, circulars, illustrated cata- 
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ed, 45c. noteheads same price. postpaid. C. F, 
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Rechester, WN. Y¥., will bring. 


itt = tt TL 


We secure Untved Stale> and Horeign Patents, 
Tegister T'rade-Marks, Copyrights and Jabels, 
and attend to all patent business for moderate 
fees. Wereporton patentability free of charge. 
For iaformation and free haid-book write to 
H. B. WILLSON & GO., Attorneys at Law, 
Opp. U.S. Pat. Office. WASHINGTON, D.C. 


When answering advertisements 
always mention the ‘‘OOLOGIST.’’ 


. THE OOLOGIST Bais 


Hi 


O74 THE OOLOGIST ‘ 


YOUNG NATURALISTS! 


the money. 
“Young Idea’ Mineral Cabinet. 


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Contains 15 varieties of rare minerals. as fol- 
lows: Coquina, Calc Spar, Fluorite, Feldspar, 
Silver Ore, Serpentine, Calamine,Syenite,Tour- 
Maline, Milky Quartz, Drusy Quartz, Hematite, 
Marcasite, Galena and Zinc Ore, all labelled and 
secured in a neat tray, like cut, postpaid for 25c. 


Nearly 1,000 sold in the past three years. 


Make a start in the right direction by purchas- 
ing Bartlett’s Cabinet. Well worth double 


Neat, novel and instructive to study. 
“Eclipse’’ Curiosity Cabinet. 


foran 
Xmas 


ue 


Saty biese 


Contains Chinese Poker Chip, Chinese Napkin, 
Chine-e Lottery Ticket, Star-fish, Giant Tree 
Bark Cal.. Red Sea Bean. Alligator Tooth. 3 
Yellow Wax Shells, Marine Ales, Gypsum 
Crystals, Bloody Tooth Shell, Chinese Cash 
Coin. Flexible Coral, 3 Boal Shells. Egg of Peri- 
winkle, Drab Sea Bean, Sunflower Coral, 3 
Money Cowry Shells and Fossil Crinoid. All 
labeled name and locality and in partitioned 
box like cut. Sent postpaid for 25cts. 


Reliable Coin and Stamp Guide, 50 pages, givingoprices paid for all U.S. and Foreign Coins and 


Stamps, 15c. Funny Chinese Chop Sticks. 
claimed they eat soup with them. 
oy years old, 4 for 10c. 

OZ. 


The knife, fork and spoon of the Chinamen. 
Ebony wood, a foot long. 
Perfect Indian Arrow Heads, with locality, 4 for 25c, 6 for 35c, 65¢ per 


It is 


10ca pair. Chinese Cash Coins, 


All postpaid. No, Ino longer issue a catalogue. : 
R.E. BARTLETT, 99 STATE ST., ROCKFORD, ILLS. 


“The Sunny South” 


Natural Science Establishment 


KIRKE B. MATHES, Proprietor, 


iN. Si. GEORGE Si. Sh: AUGUSTINE, FLORIDA 


My Specialty—High-class Art Goods for Interior Decortion, which 
includes Paintings, Water-colors, Bird Pictures, Fur Rugs, and Mantel 
Ornaments in great variety. I make a Specialty of Mounted Birds 
and Fish under the famous Convex Glass Shades. 

I also carry a full line of Natural History Specimens and Curiosi- 
ties, Artificial Glass Eyes, Bird Skins, Bird Eggs, Indian Relics, Min- 
erals, Fossils, Corals, Cabinet and Showy Shells, Instruments, Sup- 
phes and Publications for the Naturalist. 

I make a specialty of everything in the Novelty, Souvenir and Jew- 
elry line that can be manufactured from Minerals, Spar, Shells, Teeth, 
etc., suitable for the Florida Souvenir trade. 

If.you wish to obtain anything Floridian in my line, either in large 
or small quantities. [ invite special correspondence—for if obtaina- 


ble, I think I can supply your wants at prices that will defy competi- 
tion. 


THE OOLOGIST. 375 


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S 
. NER 


LLECTIONS. : 


With unusual facilities for securing educational materials, it is proposed to take 
the lead in furnishing systematic collections for teaching MINERALOGY, GEO- 
LOGY, and ZOOLOGY in Schools and Colleges. Individual Specimens also fur- 
nished. Catalogue sent on recipt of 6 cts. in postage stamps. 


RELIEF MAPS AND MODELS. 


Special attention given to Relief Maps. Send for circular describing :Grand 
Canon, Yosemite Valley, Yellowstone National Park, Mt. Shasta, !Mt. ¢ Vesuvius, 
Kentucky, Massachusetts, New Jersey, Ete., Etc. Also model of the whole Unit- 
ed States, with adjoining ocean bottoms, modeled on correct curviture.aQ Many of 
these made especially for Schools. New Relief Map of Palestine, Modeled for the 
Palestine Exploration Fund, Now ready. 


LANTERN SLIDES. 


gee of Lantern Slides for class illustration in Geology, Physical Geography, 
bes 


MEOTERITES. 
A good price paid for met -orites of all kinds. New and undescribed ones ‘es- 
pecially desired. An extra price paid for the entire “‘find” or ‘‘fall.” ; Meteorites 


also cut, polished and etched. 


WASHINGTON SCHOOL COLLECTIONS. 


Minerals, Rocks and Invcrtebrate Animals. 


These collections, decided upon-after numerous conferences with teachers and 
experts connected with the U. S. Geological Survey and U. 8. National Museum. 
have just been introduced into the schools of Washington, and will? be :known as 
the Washington School Collections. SN Sa Se a mE 


Seat) mre 
It is safe to say that no collections of equal excellence have ever jbefore been 
offered: in this country at so low a price ($2 each.) Send for circular. 


WASHINGTON SOUVENIR COLLECTION. 


A collection of 20 specimens in separate trays in handsome cloth covered box 
showing the principal building and ornamental stones used in the Public Build- 
ings of Washington. Price 75 cts. Will be sent postpaid to any address for $1.00. 

EDWIN E. HOWELL, 
61217th St., N. W., Washington, D.C. 


376 THE OOLOGIST. 
A Positive Rust Preventative and Lubricant. - 


FOR GUNS- REVOLVERS-RIFLES 


STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL. 


3 Initators claim something ‘just as good,” thereby admitting the superiority of 


Guuoleaenk 
Unscrupulous Dealers may offer you an article said to be ‘‘just as good”. 
(Because it affords them a better profit.) 


BE HONEST, AND REFUSE IT. 


A Light Coat of GUNOLEUM on an Unprotected Metalic Surface will prevent 
it from Rust, Pits, Tarnish or Corrosion, and preserves its finish. 


FOR 
BICYCLES, TYPEWRITERS, CAMP KITS, SURGICAL, 
REVOLVERS, LAWN MOWERS, BRASS, EMBALMING 
PISTOLS, FINE MACHINERY, COPPER, anD DENTAL 
SHOT GUNS, GUN LOCKS, STEEL, INSTRUM’ TS. 


Any reliable dealer who may not have Gunoleum, will procure it promptly 
for anyone who wishes it. 


SIX SIZES: Metal Collapsible Tubes, 15 and 25c., 1-4 lb.can 
35c., 1-2 lb. can 50c., 1 lb. can 75c. and 5 Ib. can $3.00. 


Beware of imitations said to be “just as good.” 


MANUFACTURED BY 


THE CHARLES WILLY MFG, COQ., 
- BAY SHORE, L. I., N. Y., U. S. A. 


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