On the Phalangia and Pedipalpi collected by Professor Orton in western South America : with the description of new African species

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AETICLE XV.

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On the Phalangia and Pedipalpi collected by Professor Orton in Western South America, with

the Description of New African Species. By H. C. Wood, Jr., M.D. (with a plate, XXIV), 435

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ARTICLE XV.

ON THE PHALANGIA AND PEDIPALPI COLLECTED BY PROFESSOR ORTON IN WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA, WITH
THE DESCRIPTION OF NEW AFRICAN SPECIES, ACCOMPANIED WITH A PLATE.

BY DR. HORATIO C. WOOD, JR.

Suborder PHALANGIA.
Family I. PHALANGID^E.

Genus Phalangium.
P. Orioni, n. sp.

Dorsum black, minutely densely tuberculate. Cephalothorax, with its posterior seg
ment distinctly separated from the others, with a distinct membranous transverse line just
posterior to the eye-eminence, and a similar one between it and the abdomen. Eye-emi-
nence moderately prominent, with a row of small spines surmounting each eye. Palpi
long, slender, yellowish-gray, without spines, slightly pilose, with a well-pronounced blunt
process at the distal end of their antepenultimate article. Mandibles of the same color
as the palpi, without spines, their last article attached by its end in the usual manner.
Abdomen distinctly segmented posteriorly. Ventral surface with the coxae, blackish,
minutely tuberculate. Coxae with a series of small tubercles on their margins. Tro-
chanters blackish. Legs very long and slender, roughened by small spines.

Length of body, 0.25". Legs so broken that their length cannot accurately be deter-
mined, but the longest are, apparently, nearly 3 inches long. There is in the collection
but a single specimen.

Hab. Napo River, Ecuador.

Family II. GONYLEPTID^E.

Genus Gonyleptes.
Eyes two. Tarsal joints few in number. Last article of mandibles attached by its end.

G. prcedo, ii. sp.
Dorsum, with the ventral surface, legs, mandibles, and palpi blackish, divided by a
deep V-shaped groove, arising at the positions of the third pair of legs, into two dis-

436 THE PHALANGIA AND PEDIPALPI IN WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA,

tinct portions ; ornamented with numerous tubercles, which, posteriorly, are arranged
in very pronounced transverse series, also with 5 pairs of prominent spines ; the most
anterior pair of the latter are placed on the eye-eminence ; the second and third pairs have
their bases elevated; the third pair are much the largest. Eye-eminence very broad,
tuberculate, bifid above by a pair of diverging spines. Maxillae smoothish. Palpi nearly
as long as the body, rather slender, roughened by numerous tubercles, distally sub-cylin-
drical; their penultimate article somewhat dilated, with a pair of long, slender, very acute
incurved spines, and several smaller ones on each margin ; their last article smoothish,
dilated, with slender, very acute, prominent incurved spines on its margins. Ventral sur-
face and coxae of feet roughened with large numbers of tubercles ; the posterior coxae with
a small spine on their posterior upper angle. Posterior pair of legs roughly tuberculate
proximally ; tarsi 8-10 jointed, hairy, the last joint armed with 3 curved claws. (PI. 24,
fig. 5.)

Remarks. — There is in the collection but a single specimen of this species, a female, I
believe. All of the legs are broken off except a single hind one.

Length of body, ig" ; hind pair of legs, 1\\".

G. injucandus, n. sp.

Dorsum dark brown, with somewhat of an olivaceous or ferruginous tint. Cephalo-
thorax provided with a row of 3 small greenish tubercles on each side of its anterior
margin, and divided by a curved transverse line into two portions ; the anterior of the
surfaces thus separated, is elevated up to the position where it is crowned with two rather
widely separated cylindrical obtuse spines or processes, upon the exterior side of whose bases
the two large eyes are placed ; the bases of these processes are rather coarsely tuberculate,
and the general posterior slope has a pair of patches of large, somewhat greenish trans-
lucent tubercles: the posterior of the surfaces is divided anteriorly by a curved V-shaped
line, whose point runs into the first line, so that two small islets of surface are separated,
in the centre of each of which is an elevated transparent tubercle, similar to those of
the afore-mentioned patches, with some small scattered tubercles around it : posteriorly
to the last-mentioned line is a similar transverse one, the surface separated by which has
some scattered small tubercles, besides a pair of others smaller though similar to and in the
same line with the transparent tubercles above mentioned ; the sub-surface posterior to the
last-mentioned impressed line, has a very large, prominent pair of divergent robust spines
and minute scattered tubercles. Palpi, chestnut brown, very roughly tuberculate. Man-
dibles, chestnut brown, with a curved, acute, robust, short spine on the upper surface of
their penultimate article at the margin of the cephalothorax ; their last article robust,

WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF NEW AFRICAN SPECIES. 437

very hairy, attached by its end and bent downwards. Abdominal segments with un-
equal, obtuse spines or tubercles. Ventral surface and coxae minutely tuberculate. Feet
distally pilose. (PI, 24, fig. 9.)

Length of body, 0.30" inch. Length of posterior legs, about li inch.

Remarlcs. — There is but a single specimen in the collection.

Hob. " Between Quito and Napo," Ecuador.

G. spinipalpus, n. sp.

Dorsum a dark, blackish brown. Cephalothorax not generally granulate, provided with
a somewhat distinct but here and there obsolete impressed line some distance within and
sub-parallel to its margin, which separates a central, oval, elevated part from the more level
margin ; also divided by a deeply impressed curved line some distance posterior to the eye-
eminence and by an obsolete, subparallel line posterior to this ; the anterior portion with a
pair of widely separated, small, tuberculoid spines ; on the posterior surface, anteriorly, a
transverse series of similar tubercles or spines, the middle pair of which are, however, much
larger ; then a second similar, but uniform series ; then a pair of very large spines flanked
by one or two tubercles, and posterior to these five tubercles in two rows. Eye-eminence
oval, broad, transverse, with a largish blunt spine and one or two very small ones surmount-
ing the eyes. Mandibles large, their penultimate joint sub-globose, with a few small, slight-
ly curved, robust, acute, thornlike spines ; their last article robust, smooth, with rigid spine-
like hairs, attached by its end, but so bent as to hang vertically. Palpi long, rather robust,
proximally sub-cylindrical; their trochanters with a few very blunt spinous processes;
their penultimate article dilated with five unequal, long, slender, acute spines on elevated
bases on the inner margin, and two very long and two very small similar ones on the
outer margin; their last article slightly spoon-shaped, with four spines similar to the last
on each margin. Abdominal scuta with a row of tuberculoid spines on each; the abdomi-
nal segments below tipped with whitish, each with a series of minute granules. Coxae
roughly granulate, the granules often disposed in longitudinal series ; the last pair rather
small for this genus. Legs granulate, of a lighter color than the body, their tarsal portion
very hairy. (PI. 21, fig. 6.)

Length of body, 0.25"; of first pair of legs, ?; of second ?; of third, 0.9"; of fourth,
1.10".

Remarlcs. — A single specimen in the collection.

Hub. Ecuador.

438 THE PHALANGIA AND PEDIPALPI IN WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA,

G. multimaculatus, n. sp.

Dorsum, glossy black, very minutely tuberculate; just posterior to the eye-eminence,
with a broad, transverse, bright-yellow band, the posterior portion of which has a central,
broadly triangular extension; all the rest of the surface closely dotted over with minute,
roundish, whitish spots, which are, also, although fewer, on the inferior surface and coxse.
Eye-eminence very broad, with numerous, very minute tubercles. Palpi and maxilla} 1 .
Coxa3 and pectus roughly tuberculate. (PI. 24, fig. 10.)

Remarks. — There is in the collection but a single, very much mutilated specimen of this
species. The body is nearly a third of an inch in length.
The locality label reads : " Napo and Maravon."

Genus Ortonia, new genus.

Eyes, two. Last article of the mandibles reniform, attached laterally by its centre.
Tarsal joints of second pair of legs very numerous. (PI. 24, figs. 3 a, 3 b.)

Remarks. — I have dedicated this genus to Prof. Orton as an acknowledgment of the
services rendered by him to Science by his arduous and successful journey in South
America.

0. bilunata, n. sp.

Cephalothorax reddish -brown, its anterior margin doubly crescentic, with an acute point
in the centre, provided with a pair of large sub-elliptical light yellow spots, whose margins,
especially the inner, are irregularly waved or crenate, and, anterior to whose centre, in
each is a marked puncture or depression ; between the posterior ends of these maculae, is
a pair of prominent, long, divergent, slender, but rather obtuse, reddish-brown spines ; gen-
eral surface smoothish, with a velvety appearance. Eye-eminence smooth, broad, longi-
tudinally grooved in the centre so as to be almost double, with the eyes placed laterally on
its most prominent portions. Distal joint of maxilloe reniform, beautifully areolated,
smootbish, the antepenultimate joint sub-globose, with rather prominent spinous pro-
cesses on it externally. Palpi, with the proximal joint sub-cylindrical, long, and slender ;
the next joint broad, slightly triangular in section, its edges roughly crenulate, and the
penultimate joint broadly dilated, somewhat triangular, thin, and armed with minute,
slender spines on its margins, and a pair of larger ones on its distal end ; the distal
article more cylindrical, with one or more acute spines, against which the movable claw
works. Ventral surface of the color of the upper, with the abdominal segments distinctly
bordered with a light color. Legs reddish-brown, with some small spines or tubercles ;

WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF NEW AFRICAN SPECIES. 439

the first pair with the tarsal joints, eight in number, swollen ; the third, with about twelve
tarsal joints scarcely swollen. Coxa? smoothish, tbe last pair not very large. (PL 24, fig. 3.)
Length of body, 20"; of first pair of legs, 1.00; of second pair, 2.40"; of third pair,
1.5" ; of fourth pair, ]

Remarks. — A single specimen in a bottle containing several species, and labelled " Ecua-
dor, except one from Peru."

0. ferox, n. sp.

Dorsum light reddish-brown, provided on its posterior portion with a very long, slender
spine, whose base is somewhat tuberculate, and whose length almost equals that of the
dorsum ; anterior to this spine is a pair of large umbonations or obtuse elevations, sur-
rounded by a marked groove or furrow, on which are two or three small eye-like tuber-
cles. Eyes very widely separated, each on a pedicle-like eminence. Placed centrally, and
a little in front of the eyes, occupying about the position of the usual eye-eminence of the
phalangia, is a marked, conical elevation surmounted by two or three eye-like tubercles,
and having several similar ones scattered about its base. Distal joint of the maxilla? reni-
form, laterally attached, presenting a very narrow face or obtuse edge anteriorly. Palpi
nearly three times as long as the body, very slender, excepting their two distal joints,
which are so flattened as to present a broad, inferior face, and are armed on each of their
two edges, the one with five or six long, moderately-robust, curved, very acute spines,
the other with about three similar spines and several smaller ones ; the movable finger
very long, curved, acute, so moving as to play between the rows of marginal spines against
the broad surface. Pectus and coxae with rows of large tubercles. Last pair of legs about
an inch and a half long, very slender. (PL 24, fig. 8.)

Remarks. — The legs of the only specimen I have seen, are so broken that it is impossi-
ble to determine the generic characters. The agreement, however, in general appearance,
in the wide separation of the eyes, in the last article of the maxilla?, &c, with O. bilu-
nata, have induced me to class the species together. The specimen is labelled : " Napo
and Maravon," indicating its having been taken, I suppose, in journeying from one
place to the other.

Octophthalmus, new genus.
Eyes, four on each side of the eye-eminence. Last article of mandibles attached by
its end. Tarsal joints 1

•440 THE PHALANGIA AND PEDIPALPI IN WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA,

O. marginatum, n. sp.

Cephalothorax dark reddish-brown. Margin provided with a double greenish-gray band
(alcoholic specimen), which, posteriorly, involves the whole of the abdominal scutal seg-
ments, where it is interrupted by a central band ; the surface divided into two portions by
a deep transverse groove at the position of the third pair of legs ; the anterior surface thus
formed smooth ; the posterior divided again into three parts by two transverse lines, the an-
terior of which communicates with the first line by a central longitudinal line, so as to form
two little squarish islets of surface, in the centre of which are one or more small tubercles ;
the surface between the second and third line furnished with several tubercles arranged
in a transverse series ; posterior to the third line is a pair of very prominent, large spines,
whose surface is minutely tuberculate. Eye-eminence double, smooth, low, with four
(two light-colored, two blackish) eyes on each side. Maxillae with the last joint large,
areolated, attached by its end. Palpi ]. Ventral surface smoothish. Coxse minutely
roughened. Posterior pair of legs minutely tuberculate on their femora. (PI. 24, fig. 7.)

Length of body, T3g".

Suborder PEDIPALPI.
Genus Phrynus.
P. gorgo, n. sp. .
Dorsum blackish-chestnut, roughened with minute tubercles. Cephalothorax reniform,
truncate anteriorly, with its margin elevated and obsoletely crenulate. Anterior eyes situ-
ated on an oval eminence, which is truncated above. Palpi long and slender, with the maxil-
lary process at their base pronounced ; their trochanters irregularly triangular, with three
more or less distinct faces ; on the inferior of these, near its anterior margin, is a more or less
distinct obsoletely crenulate ridge, terminating anteriorly in a robust, moderately large spine,
and, posteriorly, in a robust, blunt, dark-reddish chestnut, cylindrical process, tipped with a
light, reddish-brown ; there are two or three other spines on the ridge separating the ante-
rior-superior from the inferior face ; the anterior-superior face is separated from the posterior
by a more or less pronounced crenulate line : the femoral article sub-cylindrical, sparsely
tuberculate ; its superior-anterior edge with three large unequal spines on its proximal part,
and one or two smaller ones placed more distally ; its inferior-anterior edge with four large
(two very large), unequal proximal spines, and two smaller, more distal ones: tibial or
penultimate article sub-cylindrical, granulate as the last ; its anterior-superior margin with
three immense distal spines and two very small ones, also with one or two moderate,
more proximal ones; its anterior-inferior margin with five unequal spines on its distal

"WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF NEW AFRICAN SPECIES. 441

two-thirds, of which the third (counting from behind forwards) is much the largest ; its
last article sub-cylindrical, with a curved, acute, movable claw, and a pair of basal, curved,
very large spines, each with a small spine at its base. Legs roughened with somewhat
acute granules. (PI. 24, fig. 1.)

Length of body, 1.15"; of palpi, 2.5"; of first pair of feet, 1 ; of second pair, 3.25";
of third pair, 3.75 ; of fourth pair, 3.50.

Remarl-s. — This species was, with others in a bottle, labelled : " Peru, except one from
Quito," and, as there were two specimens of it, probably came from the former country.

AFRICAN SPECIES.

Phrynus annulatlpes, n. sp.

Dorsum, brown, mottled. Cephalothorax broadly reniform, somewhat truncate in front,
with a central depression and more or less obsolete radiating lines, roughly granulated.
Eye-eminence roundish, black. Abdomen roughly tuberculate, with a longitudinal, cen-
tral crest, which is not pronounced. Legs light brown, annulate with dark brown ; their
trochanters and femora, roughened by numerous, bluntish, spinous tubercles, many of which
terminate in a rigid hair. Palpi robust ; the coxae roughened with numerous tubercles,
their opposing edges with numerous long, slender, hair-like spines, the mandibular pro-
cess pronounced ; trochanters with numerous acute, robust, small, thorn-like spines ob-
scurely arranged in three patches, also armed with three or four similar larger spines ;
femoral article sub-cylindrical, with a flattened anterior face, everywhere roughened by
small, often hair-bearing spines, armed — on the anterior-superior margin with four largish
and numerous very small spines, two of the former are close together at the proximal
end — on the anterior -inferior margin with five largish spines and numerous very small
ones, two of the former on the proximal end ; tibial article of similar form and roughness
with the last ; the superior anterior margin with numerous very small, and one or two
rather small spines, and a pair of very large tuberculate spines confluent at their bases,
on its distal end ; the anterior- inferior margin, with numerous very small spines and four
small spines, the most distal and largest of which is on the end of the article ; last article
somewhat cylindrical-conical, roughened as the last, with a pair of large spines directed
forward, and a smaller, robust spine at the base of the upper of these directed backwards.
Mandibles tuberculate on their upper surface. Ventral surface smoothish. Ligular process
bifid. (PI. 24, fig. 2.)
vol. xiii. — 56

442

THE PHALANGIA AND PEDIPALPI IN WESTERN SOUTH AMERICA.

Length of body, 0.66" ; of palpi, 1."; of first pair of feet, 3.6" ; of second pair, 1.4";
of third pair, 1.55"; of fourth pair, 1.6".

Remarks. — The specimens on which this description is founded, were collected in the
Zulu country, South Africa, by a missionary, Dr. A. Grout, and presented to the Academy
of Natural Sciences, in whose collection they now are.

ButJius Groutii, n. sp.

Cephalothorax very smooth, blackish, with a marked, longitudinal, light yellowish-brown,
median line, and a similar one on each lateral margin ; its median keel slight ; its anterior
margin not truly emarginate, although there are some indications of emargination. The
three lateral eyes about equal. The arms light yellowish-brown, pilose, without spines or
pronounced crests. The hands blackish, smooth, somewhat tumid, with the fingers slen-
der, elongated, brownish, and each with numerous teeth placed closely in oblique series.
The tail rather robust, very smooth, and polished; its upper surface very deeply furrowed,
and with the lateral margins of the proximal four short, light-brown articles, prolonged
upward into a very strongly marked spinous process ; its under surface without crests,
whose ordinary position, however, is marked by dark lines ; the penultimate article the
largest, blackish, deeply furrowed above, but without spines or pronounced crests ; the last
article blackish, pilose, somewhat ovate, flattish above, tumid below ; the sting slender,
strongly curved, with a minute tooth or spine at its base. The legs light brown, mot-
tled above with black. The combs with about fifteen teeth each. (PI. 24, fig. 4.)

Length of body, 0.45" ; of body and tail, 1.25".

Remarks. — I have seen a single specimen of this species, a male, belonging to the Acad-
emy, collected by Dr. Grout in the Zulu country, South Africa. I have named it in
recognition of the services of Dr. A. Grout, alike to humanity and science.

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q QL Wood, Horatio C.

458.52 On the Phalangia and
P45W6 Pedipalpi collected by
Ent. Professor Orton in

western South America. . ,