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From the ANNALS AND MaGAztNE OF Naturat History,
Ser. 6. Vol. xviii., Judy 1896.

On some new and rare British Crustacea. By THOMAS
Scort, F.L.S., Mem. Soc. Zool. de France, Naturalist to
the Fishery Board for Scotland, and ANDREW Scort,
Fisheries Assistant, University College, Liverpool.

[Plates I. & I1.]

Genus Craust4, Claparéde * (1863).

(?) Clausia Cluthe, sp.n. (PI. I. figs. 1-12.)

Description of the Species.—Female. Length 1:3 millim.
(3; of an inch). Body narrow, elongate, tapering gradually
towards the posterior end. Antennules (fig. 2) short, stout,
six-jointed, and moderately setiferous; there is not much
difference in the length of the first, second, third, and last
joints, except that the first is rather longer than the other
three; the fourth and fifth joints are also subequal, but they
are both shorter than any of the other joints, as shown by
the formula—
ris
5 6°

Proportional lengths of the joints.. 16.13.12.8.
Number of the joints ............ EZ (a 4

* Not Clausia, Boeck (1864) ; as Claparéde had already used this name,
M. Boeck, in 1872, substituted the name Pseadocalanus for his genus.

2 Messrs. T. and A. Scott on some

Antenne stout, three-jointed, middle joint considerably
shorter than the first or third; no secondary branch (fig. 3).
Mandibles simple, lamelliform, tapering towards the rounded
ciliated apex and furnished with three stout plumose marginal
sete of unequal length (fig.5). The maxille consist each of
an oblong lamelliform appendage, the extremity of which is

obliquely truncate, slightly rounded, and fringed with cilia —

(fig. 6). Anterior foot-jaws simple, one-jointed, armed with
a stout elongate spine at the apex in addition to a smaller
spine on the inner margin (fig. 7). The posterior foot-jaws
form powerful grasping-organs ; they are each two-jointed,
with the joints short and very robust ; the end-joint terminates
in a broadly truncate extremity, to the posterior half of which
is articulated a strong slightly curved claw; the anterior
angle is lengthened into a stout tooth-like process, against
which the claw impinges, as shown by the drawing (fig. 8).
The first and second pairs of feet are somewhat similar in
structure ; the outer branches are three-jointed and the inner
two-jointed; the exterior distal angles of the first and second
joints of the outer branches are each furnished with a mode-
rately stout spine, while the third joint bears four spines round
the outer margin and apex and three long plumose sete on
the inner margin; the second joint of the inner branches
bears three plumose sete round the inner margin and apex
and a small apical spine; a long plumose seta also springs
from the inner margin of the first joint; the outer branches
are only slightly more elongate than the inner branches
(fig. 9). The third and fourth pairs of feet are also nearly
alike in structure, but differ considerably from the first and
second pairs ; each of the third and fourth pairs is composed
of a three-jointed outer branch and an almost obsolete one-
jointed inner branch; the small rudimentary joint of which
the inner joint consists possesses apparently neither seta nor
spine (fig. 10). Fifth pair large and prominent and com-
posed of a single two-jointed branch ; the end-joint, which is
much shorter than the other, is furnished with three mode-
rately stout and plumose terminal sete, the middle one being
considerably longer than the other two (fig. 11). Caudal
stylets equal to about half the length of the last abdominal
segment (fig. 12).

Habitat. Ayr Bay, Firth of Clyde. Among trawl-refuse ;
one specimen.

Remarks. Though the species now described was obtained
among some trawl-refuse unattached to any other organism,
it is apparently a parasitic form of some kind; the structure
of the antenne and the simple form of the mandibles and

ee

new and rare British Crustacea. 3

maxillz, combined with the remarkably powerful posterior
foot-jaws and fifth pair of feet, are fairly satisfactory evidence
of its parasitic habits. This species, if not congeneric with
Claparéde’s genus Clausia, is at least very closely allied to
it, and therefore till further specimens, especially male, be
obtained, to permit of a more thorough examination being
made, we preter meanwhile to place it in that genus.

(?) Clausia Cluthe somewhat resembles Clausia Lubbockit,
Claus, in general appearance; but the difference in the
structure of the antennules and fifth pair of feet distinguishes
it at once from that species.

Maraenobiotus Vejdovskyt, Mrazek.
(Pl. I. figs. 13-21; Pl. II. fig. 23.)

This curious freshwater Copepod was described for the first
time by Herr Al. Mrazek in the seventh volume of the
‘ Zoologische Jahrbiicher’ (1893), p. 103, Taf. iv. figs. 17-
32, and Taf. v. figs. 33-37. The following brief description
(with drawings) is prepared from Scotch specimens :—

Female. Length ‘67 millim. (34 of aninch). Body slender
and elongate (fig. 13), and in this respect somewhat similar
to Ophiocamptus. Antennules short, eight-jointed (PI. II.
fig. 23). Secondary branches of antenne two-jointed, the
end-joint shorter than the other (PI. I. fig. 14). Both branches
of the first pair of swimming-feet two-jointed and nearly of
equal length (fig. 18). Inner branches of the next three
pairs two-jointed and considerably shorter than the three-
jointed outer branches (fig. 19). Fifth pair small; inner
portion of the basal joint not much produced, broadly truncate
and furnished with four moderately short and subequal
plumose sete on the margin of the truncate apex ; secondary
joint very small, ovate, and provided with three terminal
sete, the inner one somewhat like those on the basal joint,
the other two subequal and fully twice as long (fig. 20).
Caudal stylets short and stout; the principal seta of each
stylet is articulated at the base and dilated, as shown in the
drawing (fig. 21).

Habitat. Loch Vennachar, Perthshire; not very common.

Remarks. This species, which is an addition to the British
fauna, is readily distinguished from other British Harpactids
by the structure of the first pair of swimming-feet, both
branches of this pair being two-jointed; the mandibles,
maxilla, and foot-jaws resemble those of Canthocamptus,
except that the mandible-palp is rudimentary and represented
by a few sete that spring from a papilliform lateral process.

‘

4 Messrs. T. and A. Scott on some

The rudimentary character of the mandible-palp, together
with the two-jointed outer branches of first pair of feet, sepa-
rate Maraenobiotus distinctly from any other genus of the
freshwater Harpacticide. We have not been able to give a
figure of the mandible-palp, and therefore quote the following
reference to it from Herr Al. Mrazek’s description. He
says :—‘ Als ein wichtiger Charakter muss hervorgehoben
werden, dass der Mandibularpalpus sehr riickgebildet ist,
niwlich nur durch einen kleinen drei schwache Borsten
tragenden Hicker repriisentirt wird.”

Attheyella Duthiet, sp.n. (Pl. II. figs. 1-13.)

Description of the Species.—Female. Length °9 millim.
(z's of an inch). Posterior margins of the second to the fifth
thoracic segments serrulated ; the abdominal segments have
a fringe of cilia posteriorly; rostrum of moderate length
(fig. 1). Antennules short, eight-jointed ; the first two joints

are more dilated than the others and the fifth and seventh are |

somewhat shorter; the approximate proportional lengths of
the joints are shown by the formula—

Proportional lengths of the joints... 16.16.18.12.10.13.9.13
Number of the joints ............ 1-2 Ss Bees

The antennules are moderately setiferous and bear a short
sensory filament at the upper angle of the fourth joint (fig. 2).
Antenne stout, two-jointed; the secondary branch consists
of a single comparatively slender and elongate joint, which
is furnished with a few sete at the distal end (fig. 3). The
mandibles have the biting-part armed with two or three
Jamelliform plates slightly. notched at the apex ; the mandible-
palp has the basal portion moderately stout, to which is
articulated near the distal end a single one-jointed setiferous
branch (fig. 4). Maxille and first and second foot-jaws
somewhat similar to those of Canthocamptus hirticornis,
T. Scott. The inner branches of the first pair of swimming-
feet, which scarcely reach beyond the end of the outer branches,
are composed of two joints of nearly equal length, but the

end-joint is much more slender than the other; the first joint .

bears a short plumose seta near the distal end and the second
joint a similar seta near the middle of the inner margin,
while the inner and outer margins of both joints are more or
less fringed with cilia; in the second joint the middle one of
the three terminal sete is very long and slender, the inner one
is very short and plumose, while the outer is elongate, slender,
and somewhat claw-like; the outer branches, which are com-

:
:
a

new and rare British Crustacea. 5

posed of three nearly equal joints, are armed with moderately
long marginal spines, the outer margins of all the joints being
also fringed with cilia (fig. 7). In the next three pairs the
inner branches, which are also composed of two subequal
joints, are much shorter than the outer branches; the outer
three-jointed branches are elongate, and the principal terminal
seta in both branches is very long and slender (fig. 8). In
the fifth pair the inner portion of the basal joint is broadly
subtriangular and bears about six elongate sete of unequal
length round the apex; the secondary joint is broadly ovate
and furnished with two sete: on the outer margin and three at
the end, the middle one of the terminal three is extremely
long and slender, the inner margin is ciliated (fig. 11).
Caudal stylets about equal in length to the last abdominal
segment (fig. 13).

The male antennules form powerful grasping-organs. The
second pair of swimming-feet differ somewhat from those of
the female in that the first joint of the inner branches is armed
with curved tooth-like processes, as shown in the drawing,
and the marginal spines of the first and second joints of the
outer branches are much stouter than those of the same joint
in the female (fig. 9). The end-joint of the inner branches
of the third pair in the male terminates in two moderately
long and slightly curved processes, which are of nearly equal
length; a small plumose seta also springs from near the base
of the terminal processes (fig. 10). The male fifth pair are
small, the inner produced part bears two stout, moderately
long, and spiniform terminal sete; the secondary joint is
furnished with five seta arranged as shown by the drawing
(fig. 12). The first abdominal segment is furnished at the

outer distal angle on the ventral aspect with three setz

fig. 12 a). ACT

( Sy i \ See
Habitat. Brough Loch, Island of Yell, Shetland. NS eae

Remarks. This species somewhat resembles Ophiocamptus s aren ie
brevipes (G. O. Sars), but in that species the antennules are_
seven-jointed, the end-joint of the inner branchesj,is shorter | eae fuer
than, but nearly as stout as, the first joint, and the secondary+——
joint of the fifth pair is considerably narrower; there is also
some difference in the structure of the mandible and in the
length of the caudal stylets. It is interesting, however, to
observe an oval pellucid area on the dorsal surface of the
cephalic segment, similar to that shown in the drawing of
Ophiocamptus brevipes by Herr Al. Mrazek*. As we do not

* “Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Harpacticidenfauna des Siisswassers,”

Zoologische Jahrbiicher, siebenter Band, p. 116, pl. v. fig. 66, pl. vi.
figs, 67-70,

6 Messrs. T. and A. Scott on some

know of any described species similar to this Shetland form
we have named it in honour of Mr. Duthie, Fishery Officer,
Shetland; it is because of his interest and zeal for natural
history work that we have been able to add considerably to
the knowledge of the freshwater Crustacea of the Shetland

Islands.

(?) Canthocamptus parvus, sp. n.

(PI. II. figs. 14-22.)

Description of the Species.—Female. Length °37 millim.
(7y of an inch). Body moderately stout; antennules short,
six-jointed ; the first three joints subequal and robust, the
last three also subequal, but considerably smaller than the
first three (fig. 15). Secondary branch of the antenne uni-
articulate, very small, and bearing a short plumose terminal
seta (fig. 16). Mandible-palp small; basal joint moderately
stout, bearing at the obliquely truncate end a very small one-
jointed branch, which is furnished with three short plumose
sete (fig. 17). Other mouth-organs similar to those in typical
Canthocamptus. The first pair of swimming-feet somewhat
resemble those of Canthocamptus trispinosus ; the first joint of
the inner branches is rather longer than the entire length of
the outer branches; the second and third joints are together
equal to about half the length of the first joint, but the second
is rather shorter than the third; the third joint bears two
terminal sete, one short and spiniform, the other about twice
the length and more slender; a short seta springs from near
the middle of the inner margin of the first joint; there are
also a few minute sete on the outer margins of all the joints
(fig. 18). The inner branches of the next three pairs are
short and composed of two nearly equal joints ; outer branches
elongate, three-jointed, the end-joint rather longer than either
of the other two (fig. 19). Fifth pair small, inner portion of
the basal joint broadly foliaceous, apex obliquely truncate and
bearing five sete of unequal length ; four of them are mode-
rately short, and one (the second from the outside) more
elongate; secondary joint subquadrangular, rather longer
than broad, and furnished with five small apical set, the
two innermost of which are longer than the others (fig. 21).
Caudal stylets very short.

Male. The male differs little from the female except that
the antennules are apparently eight-jointed and of a compli-
cated hinged structure adapted for grasping. The inner
branches of the third pair of swimming-feet in the male are
three-jointed and rather longer than the inner branches of the

new and rare British Crustacea. ‘4

same pair in the female; the second joint bears a small seta
on the inner angle and the last joint is furnished with two
terminal sete (fig. 20). The male fifth pair are very small,
the inner portion of the basal joint is somewhat triangular in
form and carries three small apical sete ; the secondary joint
is subrhomboid and provided with five sete round the end, as
shown in the drawing (fig. 22).

Habitat. Between tide-marks at Aberlady Bay, Firth of
Forth.

Remarks. In Canthocamptus the antennules are usually
eight- or nine-jointed, but in the small species now described
they are only six-jointed, and the secondary branches of the
antenn are uniarticulate and almost rudimentary ; but in
other respects it possesses all the characters of a typical
Canthocamptus according to the present definition of that
genus.

We have pointed out elsewhere * that from the great
variation in the structural details of the species of which the
genus Canthocamptus is composed a revision of the genus will
ere long be necessary; when that is done, it may be found
expedient to remove the species now described into another
genus; but meanwhile the genus Canthocumptus appears to be
the only group of the Harpacticide to which it can be
allocated.

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.
Prats I.
(?) Clausia Cluthe, sp. nu.

Fig. 1. Female, dorsal view, X 40. 2. Antennule, x 170. 3. Antenna,
xX 253. 4. Mouth, x 500. 5. Mandible, x 500. 6. Maxilla,
x 500. 7. Anterior foot-jaw, xX 760. 8. Posterior foot-jaw,
xX 253. 9. Foot of first pair of swimming-feet, x 170. 10.
Foot of fourth pair, x 170. 11. Foot of fifth pair, x 1927.
12. Last abdominal segment and caudal stylets, x 170.

Maraenobiotus Vejdovskyi, Mrazek.

Fig. 13. Female, side view, X 80. 14. Antenna, x 380, 15, Maxilla,
x 3880, 16, Anterior foot-jaw, x 380. 17. Posterior foot-jaw,
x 380. 18. Foot of first pair of swimming-feet, x 265.
19. Foot of fourth pair, xX 253. 20. Foot of fifth pair, x 380,
21. Last abdominal segment and caudal stylets, x 253.

Prats IL.

Attheyella Duthie, sp. n.
Fig. 1. Female, side view, X 50, 2. Antennule, x 253. 3. Antenna

* Ann. Scot. Nat. Hist., Oct. 1895.

‘

8 On some new and rare British Crustacea.

xX 2538. 4. Mandible, x 380. 5. Anterior foot-jaw, x 380.
6. Posterior foot-jaw, X 380. 7. Foot of first pair of swimming-
feet, X 170. 8. Foot of fourth pair, x 170. 9. Foot of second
pair (male), x 170. 10. Foot of third pair (male), x 170.
11. Foot of fifth pair, x 170. 12. Foot of fifth pair (male), x
253. 12a. Appendage of first abdominal segment. 13. Last
two abdominal segments and caudal stylets, x 125.

(?) Canthocamptus parvus, sp. Nn.

Fig. 14. Female, side view, X 80. 15. Antennule, x 380. 16. An-
tenna, X 380. 17. Mandible, x 380. 18. Foot of first pair of
swimming-feet, X 253. 19. Foot of fourth pair, x 253.
20. Foot of third pair (male), X 253, 21. Foot of fifth pair,
x 880. 22. Foot of fifth pair (male), x 380.

Maraenobiotus Vejdovskyi, Mrazek.
Fig. 23. Antennule, x 253.

Ann & Mag. Nat. Hist. S. 6. Vol. XVII PU. I.

wet

A.Scott del Mintern Bros. lth.
Figs. 412.Clausia Cluthe. sp.n.
Figs 13-2]1.Maraenobiotus Vejdovskyi,Mrazek.

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A.Scott del. Mintern Bros. hth.
Figs 113.Attheyella Duthiei.spnFigs 1422.Canthocamptus parvus.sp.n.
Fig. 23 Maraenobiotus Vejdovskyi.Mrazek.

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