MONTANA
STATE
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1
CONSERVATION STATUS OF CAREX PARRYANA
SSP. IDAHOA IN MONTANA
Prepared by:
Peter Lesica
Montana Natural Heritage Program
State Library
1515 East Sixth Avenue
Helena, Montana 59620-1800
Prepared for:
U.S. Bureau of Land Management
Montana State Office
P.O. Box 36800
Billings, Montana 59107-6800
January 1998
STATE DCCUiilENTS CGLLrCTiGN
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SPECIES INFORMATION , 2
CLASSIFICATION 2
PRESENT LEGAL OR FORMAL STATUS 3
DESCRIPTION 4
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION 5
HABITAT S
POPULATION BIOLOGY 9
ECOLOGY
14
LAND OWNERSHIP ^^
ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS 17
THREATS TO KNOWN POPULATIONS 17
MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND RESPONSES , 18
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MAINTAINING VIABLE POPULATIONS 19
SUMMARY 21
INFORMATION SOURCES 22
HERBARIUM SPECIMENS 22
FIELD WORK 23:
LITERATURE CITED 23
Appendix A, Photographs of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa 25
Appendix B. Photographs of Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa habitat 26
Appendix C. Location of Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa sites 27
Appendix D. Habitat and Grazing Response of
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa in Montana 28
Appendix E. Element occurrence records for
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
I. SPECIES INFORMATION
A. CLASSIFICATION
1. SCIENTIFIC NAME: Carex parryana Dewey ssp. idahoa
(Bailey) Murray
2. SYNONYMS: Carex idahoa Bailey
3. COMMON NAME: Idaho sedge
4. BIBLIOGRAPHIC CITATION: First described as Carex
idahoa; Bailey, L. H. 1896. Notes on Carex. XVIII.
Botanical Gazette 21: 5. Described as Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa; Murray, D. F. 1969.
Taxonomy of Carex Sect. Atratae (Cyperaceae) in
the Southern Rocky Mountains. Brittonia 21: 55-
76.
5. TYPE SPECIMEN: United States, Idaho, Clark
County, Beaver Canyon, P. A. Rydberg 2 3 39
(Holotype US)
6 . FAMILY : Cyperaceae
7. GENUS: Carex is a cosmopolitan genus with 1500-
2000 species worldwide (Hickey and King 1988) and
ca. 600 species in North America (Hermann 1970) .
8. SPECIES: According to Murray's (1969) treatment
Carex parryana has three subspecies: parryana,
hallii and idahoa. All have been considered
separate species by other authors (e.g. Hermann
1970) . Subspecies idahoa was first described as
Carex idahoa by Bailey (1989) . Subsequently
Murray (1969) stated that the boundaries between
the three taxa were blurred but they have
"geographic importance." He thus treated them as
subspecies and formally named Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa. Booth (1950), Davis (1952) and Hermann
(1970) all recognized Carex idahoa at the species
level. However, Cronquist (Hitchcock et al. 1969)
did not recognize the taxon at any level and
referred to it as "a form with relatively long,
narrow, acute pistillate scales." Anton Reznicek
(University of Michigan, pers. comm.) prefers to
follow Murray's (1969) monographic treatment.
In Montana both ssp. parryana and ssp. idahoa
often occur together without intermediates.
Subspecies parryana seems to be more tolerant of
salty conditions than idahoa. In habitats with
Puccinellia and Distichlis ssp. parryana occurs
alone.
B. PRESENT LEGAL OR FORMAL STATUS
1. FEDERAL STATUS
a. U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service: 3C; Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa is no longer considered
a candidate for listing; a taxon proven to be
more abundant or widespread than previously
believed and/ or not subject to any
identifiable threat.
b. U. S. Forest Service: Sensitive; the
Regional Forester has determined there is a
concern for population viability of Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa within the state as
evidenced by a significant current or
predicted downward trend in population or
habitat.
c. U. S. Bureau of Land Management: Sensitive;
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is documented to
occur on public land administered by BLM and
proven to be imperiled in at least part of
its range.
2. STATE STATUS
a. Montana: Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is
listed as imperiled globally and in Montana
(G4T2-S2) because of rarity and/or because
other factors make it very vulnerable to
extinction (Heidel 1997) . This state listing
does not provide any direct legal protection.
Lesica and Shelly (1991) list Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa as sensitive, known from a
limited number of populations or occurring
principally in restricted habitats considered
vulnerable to man-caused disturbances.
b. Idaho: Carex parryana ssp. idahoa has never
been listed or tracked as a rare plant in
Idaho (Steele et al. 1981, Moseley and Groves
1990). This is likely due to Cronquist's
(Hitchcock et al. 1969) failure to recognize
this taxon at any level.
C. DESCRIPTION
1. GENERAL NONTECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: Idaho sedge
forms small clumps that arise from short rhizomes.
The stems are 20-35 cm (8-14 in) high with most
leaves crowded near the base. Leaves are flat and
2-4 mm wide. Flowers are clustered in 3 (usually)
oblong-cylindrical spikes, 1-3 cm (0.5-1 in) long,
with the uppermost larger than the others. Male
flowers are absent or scattered among the female
flowers (perigynia) on the largest spike. Spikes
form a narrow, interrupted head, subtended by
small leaf -like bracts, at the top of the stems.
The narrowly oval scales subtending each perigynia
taper to the tip and are 2-3 times longer than the
perigynia. These scales are brown with membranous
margins and a distinct pale center. Glabrous,
egg-shaped perigynia are yellow-green and ca. 3 mm
long with a short beak. There are 3 stigmas and
the seed is 3-sided. Photographs of C. parryana
ssp. parryana and ssp. idahoa are provided in
Appendix A.
2. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: loosely cespitose from
prolonged, scaly, horizontal rootstocks; culms 2-
3.5 dm high, much exceeding the leaves, somewhat
fibrillose and reddish-brown tinged at the base,
the dried leaves of the previous year conspicuous;
leaves 5-10, clustered near the base, the thin
blades flat but with more-or-less revolute
margins, 2-4 mm wide, long-attenuate, the
ventrally very thin hyaline sheaths concave at the
mouth, the ligule about as wide as long; spikes
usually 3, often all pistillate, linear oblong to
cylindric, erect on short, stiff and scabrous
peduncles, approximate, forming a narrow head 3.5-
5 cm long, the terminal spike 2-3 cm long, 6-8 mm
wide, the lateral 1-2 cm long, 4-6 mm wide, the
numerous perigynia appressed-ascending; bracts
sheathless, usually not over 1 cm long and much
shorter than the spikes; pistillate scales ovate
to ovate lanceolate, long-acute to acuminate,
brown with a conspicuous lighter center and very
narrow hyaline margins, wider and 2-3 times as
long as the perigynia; perigynia obovoid, obtusely
trigonous, somewhat flattened on one side, 3 mm
long, 1.5 mm wide, glabrous, puncticulate, two-
ribbed but otherwise nerveless or essentially so,
substipitate, yellowish-green, rounded and
abruptly short-beaked at the apex, the beak
brownish-red, 0.5 mm long, emarginate or shallowly
bidentate; achenes obovoid, 2 X 1.25 mm, trigonous
with concave sides, sessile, granular, abruptly
apiculate (Hermann 1970) .
Always dioecious; culms 1.5-4.0 dm high, stiff,
erect, longer than the leaves; spikes 1-4,
terminal spike much larger than cylindric lateral
spikes; pistillate scales much longer than the
perigynia (Murray 1969) . Photographs of C.
parryana ssp. parryana and ssp. idahoa are
provided in Appendix A.
3. SIMILAR SPECIES AND FIELD CHARACTERS: The large,
oblong terminal spike and the long, female scales
that are at least twice as long as the perigynia,
giving the spikes a ragged appearance, are
distinctive and separate this plant from the other
varieties of C. parryana. Subspecies parryana has
a cylindrical terminal spike, lateral spikes
nearly as long as the terminal, and pistillate
scales ca. as long as the perigynia. Subspecies
hallii has pistillate scales as long or only
slightly longer than the perigynia.
Carex norvegica (sensu lato) has smaller (6-14 mm
long) terminal spikes. Carex buxbaumii has
broader lateral spikes (6-10 mm wide) and occurs
in organic soils.
GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION
1. RANGE: Carex parryana ssp. idahoa occurs in the
high valleys of southwest Montana and adjacent
southeast Idaho. It has been collected in
Beaverhead, Gallatin, Madison, Powell and Silver
Bow counties, Montana and Bannock, Clark and Lemhi
counties, Idaho (Lesica and Shelly 1991, Murray
1969) . The locations of known Montana populations
are shown on the map in Appendix C.
Carex parryana as a whole occurs from British
Columbia east to Manitoba, south to Utah, Colorado
and Nebraska. Subspecies hallii occurs from
Manitoba south to Colorado and Nebraska.
Subspecies parryana occurs from British Columbia
to Manitoba south to Utah and Colorado (Murray
1969) .
2. RECENTLY VERIFIED SITES
a. Idaho: There are four recently verified
locations for Carex parryana ssp. idahoa in
Idaho: two in Clark County near the type
locality and two near the headwaters of Birch
Creek in Lemhi County. All four populations
appear to be small according to 1997 survey
information. Little survey work has been
conducted and the distribution of the plant
is largely unknown (R. Moseley, Idaho
Conservation Data Center, pers. comm.).
b. Montana: There are 33 recently verified
Carex parryana ssp. Idahoa populations in
Montana. During the past ten years extensive
field studies have been conducted on public
lands in Beaverhead and Silver Bow counties
by botanists working for the Montana Natural
Heritage Program. These include studies of
the Highland Mountains, Tobacco Root
Mountains, upper Madison Valley, the Ruby
Range, the Tendoy Range and southern
Beaverhead County including the Centennial
Valley. Lesica conducted field surveys for
this species in 1997, visiting public lands
in the southern Gravelly Range, the Ruby
Range, the southern Pioneer Range, the
Highland Range, the Centennial Valley and the
Beaverhead Range. Known sites and their
relative size are listed below (BLM sites in
bold) :
Beaverhead Co.
Basin Creek small (100-200 stems)
Box Spring large (>1,000 stems)
Brundage Creek small
Cabin Creek large
Clover Divide small (ca. 2 00 stems)
Coyote Creek small (100-3 00 stems)
Harkness Lakes large (200-2,000 stems)
Hildreth medium (ca. 600 stems)
Kate Creek small
Lima Reservoir N probably large
Lima Reservoir SW small (ca. 200 stems)
Lower Poison Lake small
Meadow Creek medium
Monida small
Morrison Lake small
Mud Lake large (>1000 stems)
Muddy Creek medium (100-500 stems)
Porcupine Canyon large (>10,000 stems)
Sand Creek large (>10,000 stems)
Simpson Creek large (>10,000 stems)
Sourdough Creek small (100-200 stems)
Taylor Creek small (ca. 100 stems)
Upper Blacktail small
Upper Deadman probably medium
6
Wolverine Creek small
Madison County
Grassy Lake small (<10 stems seen)
Silver Bow County
Blacktail Creek unknown
Coyote Hill small (50-100 stems)
Highland City small (ca. 50 stems)
Maclean Creek unknown
Moose Creek small (100-200 stems)
Moosetown S small (ca. 100 stems)
S Fork Tucker Ck' small (50-100 stems)
Further descriptions of these sites are given
in Appendix E.
3. HISTORICAL SITES
a. Idaho: There is a collection from Caribou
National Forest in Bannock County (Murray
1969) .
b. Montana: There are 5 collections from 40 or
more years ago. The populations vouchered by
these specimens have not been relocated, due
mostly to imprecise location data:
Beaverhead County
Big Hole River (1955)
Centennial Valley (1955)
Grasshopper Ck Basin (1958)
Gallatin County
Forks of Madison (1897)
Powell County
Deer Lodge (ca. 1897)
Further descriptions of these sites are given
in Appendix E.
4. AREAS SEARCHED UNSUCCESSFULLY: Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa was not found in presumed appropriate
habitat in the Ruby Range by Lesica in 1997. He
also searched the upper Big Hole River Valley
unsuccessfully in 1994 and 1997, and Dyce Creek,
Bannack, and Upper Ruby River areas in 1997.
5. AREAS YET TO BE SEARCHED: Populations of Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa should be sought in the
Hebgen Lake area, the French Creek area south of
Anaconda, and the upper Big Hole Valley as these
are areas where historic collections have been
taken.
Most survey work for Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
has been conducted on public lands. Numerous
populations undoubtedly occur on private land,
especially in the Centennial Valley and upper Big
Sheep Creek Valley.
E. HABITAT
ASSOCIATED VEGETATION: Carex parryana ssp. Idahoa
most often occurs in an ecotonal area at the
border of wet meadow vegetation and sagebrush
steppe. Thus, plant species from both of these
habitats can be found associated with this sedge.
Wet meadows are usually dominated by Juncus
balticus, Carex nebrascensis, C. aquatilis,
Deschampsia cespitosa, and Potentilla fruitcosa.
While steppe vegetation is dominated by Artejnlsia
tridentata and/or A. tripartita, Festuca
idahoensis and Agropyron smithii. Vascular plant
species most commonly associated with Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa in order of importance are
iTuncus balticus, Carex praegracilis, Muhlenbergia
richardsonis , Aster occidentalis, Poa pratensis.
Taraxacum officinale, Potentilla gracilis and
Antennaria microphylla. Graminoid cover is high
(60-100%) , while forb cover is usually low to
moderate (5-50%) except in overgrazed areas. Bare
ground was usually uncommon (mean=8%) as was
lichen and bryophyte cover (mean=14%) .
Photographs of typical habitat are provided in
Appendix B.
TOPOGRAPHY: Carex parryana ssp. idahoa appears to
be restricted to nearly level sites in the high
valleys of southwest Montana. It is most commonly
found on terraces associated with headwaters
streams at elevations greater than 6,000 ft.
Small populations may occur lower or along larger
streams .
SOILS AND GEOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS: The wetland-
riparian habitat of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa.
most likely has silty soils with ample organic
matter and little or no coarse fragments. Most
known Montana populations occur in areas of
calcareous parent material (e.g. Madison limestone
or Beaverhead conglomerate) ; however, the few
populations occurring in non-calcareous regions
suggest that this is not an obligate relationship.
In wetlands where part of the habitat was saline
(as indicated by the presence of Distichlis and
Puccinellia) Carex parryana ssp. idahoa occurred
only in the non-saline areas, although C. parryana
8
ssp. parryana was often found on salt-encrusted
soils.
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa was always found in
subirrigated soils associated with low-gradient
streams or springs and seeps. These soils are wet
early in the growing season but are only moist
later in the summer.
4. REGIONAL CLIMATE: Lima (6,275 ft) along the Red
Rock River in southern Beaverhead County is the
meteorological recording station most similar to
the majority of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
populations. Mean January and July temperatures
at Lima were 16.6° and 62.6° F respectively, and
mean annual precipitation was 10.7 in (NOAA 1982).
Most Carex parryana ssp. idahoa sites are higher
and therefore probably colder and wetter.
5. DYNAMIC ABIOTIC FACTORS: Disturbances from
flooding are probably uncommon at Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa sites because they are generally in
headwaters locations where snow accumulation and
gradients are low.
Although fire was common in high-elevation steppe
vegetation in southwest Montana prior to European
settlement (Arno and Gruell 1983), it probably did
not play an important role in the dynamics of the
herbaceous wetland vegetation associated with
riparian areas.
F. POPULATION BIOLOGY
1. PHENOLOGY: Carex parryana ssp. idahoa generally
occurs at 6,000-8,000 ft, and phenology will
depend on elevation and annual depth of snow pack.
In general this sedge flowers in June through
early July with mature fruit from mid-July through
August .
2. POPULATION SIZE AND CONDITION
a. Idaho: The four recently verified
populations in Idaho appeared small. Only
one small colony could be located at the
Kaufman site in Lemhi County in 1997. The
other three sites were heavily grazed in
1997.
b. Tendoy-Beaverhead Mtns., Montana: Twelve
verified populations occur in the Big Sheep
Creek and Medicine Lodge creek drainages.
Many populations are large and many large
undocumented populations probably occur on
private land. The plant is common in the
riparian wetlands of the valleys.
i. Cabin Creek- heavily grazed in 1997 so
accurate population estimates were not
possible; ca. 5 acres; based on the size
and quality of habitat, this is probably
a large population; probably more plants
on private land.
ii. Coyote Creek- two small subpopulations
at high elevation; along stream and
around seep, <1 acre; regularly grazed
by livestock.
iii. Harkness Lakes- at least two medium-size
subpopulations occurring along creek and
margins of small lakes; 200-2,000 stems
observed in 1985; subject to grazing.
iv. Hildreth- medium-size population in two
subpopulations on ca. 1 acre associated
with spring and spring creek; ca 700
stems estimated in 1997; light to
moderate livestock grazing.
v. Kate Creek- small population in <1 acre
along stream; 8 stems observed in 1997;
moderate livestock grazing.
vi. Lower Poison Lake- small population in
<1 acre around spring-fed pond; little
or no livestock grazing in 1984.
vii. Meadow Creek- at least four
subpopulations distributed along small
stream; livestock grazing, at least 300-
600 stems observed in 1993, 94, 97;
probably a medium or large population
based on the amount of habitat; probably
more plants on private land.
viii Morrison Lake- small population in <1
acre around small pond; 50-100 stems
observed in 1990; livestock grazing.
ix. Muddy Creek- medium-size population on
creek terrace, ca. 1 acre; moderate to
light livestock use in 1993.
X. Porcupine Canyon- large population in
ca. 2 acre; >20,000 stems estimated in
1997; little or no livestock grazing in
1997.
xi. Simpson Creek- large population on 4+
acres along small stream; >10,000 stems
estimated in 1997; light to moderate
livestock grazing; probably more plants
on private land.
10
xii. Sourdough Creek- two small
subpopulations in <2 acres along creek;
100-200 stems observed in 1994; light to
moderate livestock grazing in 1994.
c. Centennial Valley, Montana: Nine verified
populations occur in the Centennial Valley
area. Some populations are large and
undocumented populations probably occur on
private land. The plant is locally common in
the wetlands of this valley.
i. Brundage Creek- small population in ,1
acre roadside meadow; heavily grazed in
1997.
ii. Clover Divide- small population along
stream and seep areas over ca. 20 acres;
ca. 200 stems observed in 1997; moderate
livestock grazing,
iii. Lima Reservoir North- probably a large
population over ca. 100 acres of seeps
at the base of hills; heavily grazed in
1997.
iv. Lima Reservoir Southwest- small
population in <1 acre along small
stream; ca. 200 stems in 1997; moderate
to heavy livestock grazing.
V. Monida- small population in ca. 5 acres
wet meadow along stream; 100-1000 stems
estimated in 1985, <20 stems observed in
1997; not grazed regularly,
vi. Mud Lake- large population in ca. 40
acres along stream and around lake;
>1,000 stems estimated in 1997; not
grazed regularly,
vii. Sand Creek- large population over ca. 2
acres of seeps at the base of hills;
>10,000 stems estimated in 1997; not
grazed in 1997.
viii Upper Deadman Creek- probably a medium-
size population in ca. 2 acres of wet
meadow along stream; moderate to heavy
grazing in 1997.
ix. Wolverine Creek- small population on <1
acre along creek; ca. 20 stems observed
in 1994; moderate livestock grazing in
1994.
d. Highland Mountains, Montana: seven small
populations are known in the Butte Highlands.
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is local and
uncommon in this area.
i. Blacktail Creek- probably a small
population in ca. 1 acre along stream
11
ii. Coyote Hill- small population along
stream; 50-100 stems observed in 1992;
livestock grazing.
iii. Highland City- small population along
stream; 20-30 stems in 1982, ca. 50
stems in 1992; moderate livestock
grazing and road disturbance.
iv. Maclean Creek- population occurs along
stream; no population size estimates.
v. Moose Creek- small population in ca. 1
acre meadow along stream; ca. 160 stems
observed in 1997; light to moderate
grazing in 1997.
vi. Moosetown South- small population in <1
acre along stream; ca. 100 stems
observed in 1997; light grazing in 1997,
some dredging of creek, adjacent road
disturbance.
vii. South Fork Tucker Creek- small
population in ca. 1 acre along stream;
50-100 stems observed in 1992; moderate
to heavy livestock grazing in 1992.
e. Blacktail Mountains, Montana: Habitat is
limited in this area, and most populations
are small. Many of the small habitat islands
in this area (springs) are on private land
and are unsurveyed.
i. Basin Creek- small population on ca. 1
acre associated with spring; 100-200
stems observed in 1995; heavily grazed
in 1997.
ii. Box Spring- 2 subpopulations, 1 large on
ca. 1 acre associated with spring creek
and seep; 1,000+ stems estimated in
1995; livestock grazing heavy in places.
iii. Upper Blacktail Deer Creek- small
population on <1 acre along creek;
heavily grazed in 1997.
f. Pioneer Mtns., Montana: Only one small,
recently verified site is known. Other small
populations may occur on private land, but
many sites searched did not harbor
populations.
i. Taylor Creek- small population on <1
acre along stream; ca. 100 stems
estimated in 1997; moderate livestock
grazing.
g. Gravelly Range, Montana: Only one small site
is known from wetlands on the north end of
the Range.
i. Grassy Lake- small population; <10 stems
seen in small (<1 acre) wetland in 1997;
12
adjacent to a road; moderate livestock
grazing.
3. REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY
a. Type of reproduction: Carex parryana is
described as having short, creeping rhizomes
(Hitchcock et al 1969) , and C. parryana ssp.
idahoa is described as having "prolonged,
scaly rootstocks" (Hermann 1970) . These
rootstocks or rhizomes are a means of
vegetative reproduction. The rhizomatous
growth form make recognition of genetic
individuals in the field difficult or
impossible.
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa also produces
seed, as a means of sexual reproduction.
Murray (1969) states that the plant is
dioecious (male and female flowers on
separate plants); however, Hermann (1970)
states that spikes are "often all
pistillate," suggesting that spikes may
sometimes have both male and female flowers.
Murray (1969) comments that he has not seen
any staminate plants although Bailey (1896)
describes them. Taken together, these
observations indicate that plants with male
flowers are rare in Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa, thus most seed is probably produced
by asexual (agamospermous) means, although
sexual reproduction is also possible.
b. Pollination biology: Pollination, when it
occurs, is presumably by wind (Faegri and van
der Pijl 1971, Hickey and King 1988).
c. Seed dispersal and biology: Carex plants
lack any special adaptations for dispersal.
Nonetheless, there is evidence that dispersal
may occur by birds, either externally in mud
on feathers and feet or in the gut following
ingestion. Dispersal may also occur by water
in the case where perigynia float (van der
Pijl 1982) . Otherwise, short-distance
dispersal by gravity and wind may also occur.
d. Seedling biology: Nothing is known.
4. DEMOGRAPHY: Most rhizomatous graminoids follow a
similar demographic pattern. Genets (genetically
unique individuals) are composed of rhizomes
13
(horizontal underground stems) . Ramets (branches
forming tufts of leaves at the soil surface) arise
from the rhizome. Each ramet persists for 1-3+
years, produces a flower stem and then perishes.
Each year, new ramets are produced, some old
ramets persist in a vegetative state and some
ramets flower and perish. If ramets flower their
third year on average, then ca. 33% of all ramets
will be in flower on an average year.
In 1997 only a small proportion (ca. 10%) of the
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa ramets observed had a
flowering stem. This distribution of vegetative
and fertile ramets suggests that ramets may remain
vegetative for 5-10 years before flowering,
assuming that 1997 was an average year.
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa often occurs in
discrete colonies covering ca. 1-5 m^. Such
colonies may be a single genet.
G. ECOLOGY
1. BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
a. Competition and facilitation: Carex idahoa
ssp. parryana occurs in dense turf of wetland
meadows. At 14 sites canopy cover of
graminoids was always high (60-100%) , while
canopy cover of forbs varied from low to
moderate (5-50%) (Appendix D) . There was no
correlation between the average height of the
vegetation and the abundance of C. parryana
ssp. idahoa at these sites (Appendix D) .
These observations suggest that C. parryana
ssp. idahoa is a late successional species
capable of persisting in a strongly
competitive environment.
There were strong negative associations
between Carex parryana ssp. idahoa and Poa
pratensis, Antennaria microphylla and Aster
occidentalis (Appendix D) . These
correlations may indicate competitive
interactions, or they may be a response to
differential grazing histories among the
sites (see below) or both. The two forbs
that increased as C. parryana ssp. idahoa
decreased are smaller in stature and not
likely to cause competitive exclusion of the
rhizomatous sedge without herbivore pressure.
Poa pratensis is an aggressive, exotic,
14
rhizomatous species that might be able to
outcompete Carex spp. in a meadow turf
environment .
b. Herbivory: I observed no evidence of insect
herbivory on Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
during field surveys in 1997, and saw no
evidence of insect damage on ca. 15 herbarium
specimens housed at the University of Montana
(MONTU) .
Cattle grazing occurs at nearly all of the
known sites for Carex parryana ssp. idahoa in
Montana and Idaho. In 1997 grazing intensity
varied from ungrazed to ca. 100% utilization
at the sites surveyed. Experimentation is
the only robust way to determine the effects
of livestock grazing on this sedge, and these
studies have not been done.
In 1997 Lesica estimated canopy cover of
dominant plant species and abundance of
flowering stems of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
at fourteen sites in Montana (Appendix D) .
Graminoid cover was high at all sites. There
was a strong positive relationship between C.
parryana ssp. idahoa and graminoid cover and
strong negative relationship between the
sedge and a number of species that are
thought to increase with livestock grazing,
Poa pratensis, Antennaria microphylla and
Aster occidentalis . These observations
suggest that Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
behaves like a typical palatable graminoid,
persist with moderate ungulate grazing
pressure, decreasing as grazing becomes
strong enough to cause an increase in forbs
and Poa pratensis. Indeed Hermann (1970)
reports that C. parryana ssp. idahoa provides
excellent forage for cattle and horses but is
too rare to be of more than local importance.
c. Other biotic interactions: Much of the
habitat that could support populations of
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa on private land is
mowed for hay. The effects of annual mowing
on this plant are not known.
2. HYBRIDIZATION: Subspecies parryana and ssp.
idahoa occur together at ca. six of the sites
surveyed in 1997. Subspecies parryana was often
in slightly drier and often more saline habitats
15
than ssp. parryana. The two subspecies differ in
a number of characters: ssp. parryana has narrower
spikes with little differentiation in size between
the terminal and lateral and much smaller
pistillate scales compared to ssp. idahoa.
Intermediates between the two subspecies were
never observed in sites where both occurred.
Subspecies hallii occurs further east than ssp.
idahoa. It has spikes like ssp. idahoa but scales
like ssp. parryana and may be a of hybrid origin.
H. LAND OWNERSHIP
1. BUREAU OF LAND MANAGEMENT: Twenty-four of the
recently verified populations of Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa occur on lands administered by BLM.
These include Basin Creek, Box Spring, Brundage
Creek, Cabin Creek, Clover Divide, Coyote Creek,
Grassy Lake, Hildreth, Lima Reservoir N, Lima
Reservoir SW, Meadow Creek, Mud Lake, Muddy Creek,
Porcupine Canyon, Sand Creek, Simpson Creek,
Sourdough Creek, Taylor Creek, Upper Blacktail,
Upper Deadman, Wolverine Creek, Maclean Creek,
Moose Creek, Moosetown S. Some of these are
large, and many are contiguous with private land.
Additional populations may occur on BLM land in
the Centennial Valley and the headwaters of Big
Sheep Creek.
2. U.S. FOREST SERVICE: Therie are four recently
verified sites for Carex parryana ssp. idahoa on
land administered by USES: Harkness Lakes,
Morrison Lake, Coyote Hill and Highland City.
Additional populations probably occur on USES
lands in the Beaverhead Range and perhaps in the
southern Gravelly Range.
3. STATE OF MONTANA: The Lower Poison Lake and South
Fork of Tucker Creek sites are on state land.
4. PRIVATE: The Kate Creek, Monida and Blacktail
Creek sites are on private land. All of these are
small populations. Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
often occurs in habitats amenable to hay
production or adjacent to permanent water sources.
These habitats, because of their economic value,
are often on private property. Many large
population likely occur on private land in the
headwaters of Big Sheep Creek and the Centennial
Valley. Small populations associated with springs
and small streams on private land are likely to be
found in the Blacktail Mountains.
16
II. ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
^ A. THREATS TO KNOWN POPULATIONS
1. LIVESTOCK GRAZING: Graminoid plants such as
sedges are adapted to grazing and are usually able
to persist with light to moderate grazing pressure
(Dyer et al. 1993, McNaughton 1979). Evidence
suggests that Carex parryana ssp. idahoa responds
to grazing like a typical palatable graminoid (see
I.G.l.b. and Appendix D.), capable of persisting
under light to moderate grazing, but declining
with chronic heavy grazing. It should be
remembered that this assessment is based on
correlational data and studies of other,
anatomically similar species. Experiments and
monitoring studies to determine the actual
response of C. parryana ssp. idahoa to grazing
have not been conducted. Nonetheless, it is
reasonable to assume that C. parryana ssp. idahoa
will decline with heavy grazing.
Almost all known populations of Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa on public lands are subject to
livestock grazing. Much of the habitat for C.
parryana ssp. idahoa on private land is also
^ subject to cattle grazing. The mesic habitat
W supporting populations of this sedge provides high
quality, green forage for livestock throughout the
summer and is a magnet for cattle which often
overgraze. Many small populations of C. parryana
ssp. idahoa occur in islands of mesic habitat
(springs, seeps or small streams) in semi-arid
steppe. Vegetation of these areas often receive
ca. 100% utilization annually. Populations
occupying larger areas of habitat may not face
such severe grazing pressure. However, it is
likely that some populations are declining due to
livestock grazing.
Severe livestock grazing can result in streambank
destabilization followed by lowering of the water
table and a reduction in the extent of hydrophytic
vegetation (Platts and Nelson 1989) . Overgrazing
could reduce the extent of Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa habitat associated with riparian areas.
2. MOWING FOR HAY: Large areas of likely Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa habitat on private land in
southern Beaverhead county are mowed for hay.
These sites have not been surveyed, so only
^ conjecture is possible at this time. Many of
17
these hay meadows have been sown to exotic species
with or without concomitant plowing. In other
areas native vegetation is cut. Some sites are
probably irrigated. Plowing and seeding almost
certainly has adverse effects on native species
including C. parryana ssp. idahoa, and may even
result in local extirpation. It is not known how
annual mowing or irrigation affects C. parryana
ssp. idahoa. Some species of Carex persist with
annual mowing and irrigation in the Big Hole
Valley of Beaverhead County. Further study is
needed to determine whether conservation of this
rare sedge and haying are compatible.
3. MINING: A portion of Moose Creek associated with
the Moosetown South Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
population has been dredged, presumably for
mineral extraction. Dredging likely reduced the
extent and altered the nature of riparian
vegetation and possibly reduced the amount of
habitat available to C. parryana ssp. idahoa.
Most populations of C. parryana ssp. idahoa do not
occur in areas prone to mining activity.
4. ROADS: Roads are often constructed along or
adjacent to riparian areas. Road construction has
impacted wetland habitat at three known Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa sites: Brundage Creek,
Highwood City and Moosetown South. A fourth site
(Blacktail Creek) is threatened by road
improvement construction. Road development can
impact populations of C. parryana ssp. idahoa by
reducing the amount of habitat available and by
degrading the remaining habitat through increased
runoff, pollution, and disturbance from
maintenance.
5. EXOTIC PLANTS: Poa pratensis was the only exotic
plant occurring with significant frequency in
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa habitat. It is a
rhizomatous grass similar in stature to C.
parryana ssp. idahoa and may compete with it,
especially in the presence of grazing and
trampling by livestock. Taraxacum officinale and
Tri folium repens occur at some sites, but these
small-stature species will increase only in
situations where heavy grazing is removing the
canopy of larger graminoids. By themselves they
do not pose a threat to C. parryana ssp. idahoa.
B. MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND RESPONSES
18
1. CATTLE GRAZING: It is reasonable to assume that
light to moderate livestock grazing is compatible
with the conservation of Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa, but that the species will decline with
heavy grazing (see above) . The habitat of this
plant is favored by cattle, and overgrazing of its
mesic wetland habitat on public and private land
is common. Populations of C. parryana ssp. idahoa
are probably subjected to many different grazing
regimes throughout its range. It is not known how
the plant responds to these different treatments.
It is reasonable to assume that grazing regimes
permitting 50% or less utilization annually and
allowing seed production and dispersal at regular
intervals will be most likely to be compatible
with the persistence of C. parryana ssp. idahoa.
2. MOWING FOR HAY: Conversion of Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa habitat for hay production occurs only on
private land in Montana. Plowing and seeding
undoubtedly has adverse effects on the viability
of C. parryana ssp. idahoa populations. The
effects of mowing on native vegetation are
unknown .
3. ROADS: Road construction has occurred in Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa populations, probably
resulting in a loss of habitat. Use of these
roads by ranchers and recreationists probably has
little impact on C. parryana ssp. idahoa
populations; however, maintenance or widening may
result in additional habitat loss.
C. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MAINTAINING VIABLE POPULATIONS
1. MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS: It is unlikely that
private landowners will be willing to alter
management practices in order to conserve
populations of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa.
Consequently, conservation of this rare sedge will
depend on public lands. The only significant
threat to C. parryana ssp. idahoa on public lands
is overgrazing.
The 1997 guidelines for livestock grazing
management on BLM's Butte District call for
maintaining and improving riparian vegetative
cover (Guideline #1) and stocking rates and
duration of use should be implemented to ensure
that riparian areas are in proper functioning
condition (Guideline #4) , including "high vigor"
for riparian plants (Standard #2). Management of
19
wetlands supporting Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
should adhere to the published standards and
guidelines. Livestock grazing on these mesic
sites should be light to moderate; full
utilization of graminoid vegetation by livestock
should be avoided.
The 1997 guidelines for livestock grazing
management for the Butte District call for
monitoring of wetland and riparian area
conditions. Monitoring the abundance of Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa in those pastures in which it
occurs as a common component of the vegetation
could prove advantageous. The needed information
on grazing response for this rare plant can be
obtained in this way, and the response of C.
parryana ssp. idahoa should mirror the meadow
vegetation as a whole since it is considered a
highly palatable species with a growth form
similar to the sod-forming community dominants.
2. RESEARCH NEEDS: Surveys for populations of Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa populations on private land
should be made to determine their size and extent.
The effects of livestock grazing and haying on
populations of C. parryana ssp. idahoa should be
determined. The optimum grazing regimes for
conservation of C. parryana ssp. idahoa should be
determined.
3. STATUS RECOMMENDATIONS
a. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service: Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa is known only from a
small area of southwest Montana and southeast
Idaho. The plant is common in the headwaters
of Big Sheep Creek, locally common in the
Centennial Valley and rare elsewhere in
Montana. Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is known
from 32 sites in Montana, and many others
probably occur on private land. It occurs in
drier ecotonal zones around subirrigated wet
meadows associated with springs and low
gradient streams in high-elevation valleys, a
habitat that is uncommon throughout most of
the plant's range. Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa is palatable and subject to livestock
grazing throughout its range; its habitat is
usually preferred by cattle. Much of the
habitat on private land is mowed for hay. It
is reasonable to assume that Carex parryana
20
ssp. idahoa is compatible with light to
moderate livestock grazing.
In summary, Carex parry ana ssp. idahoa has a
small geographic range and occurs in a
narrowly defined habitat that is threatened
by livestock overgrazing throughout this
range. However, C. parryana ssp. idahoa is
common in the center of its range and is
likely compatible with moderate livestock
grazing. Thus, Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
should not be considered for listing as a
threatened or endangered species at this time
and should remain as 3C until it can be shown
to be declining or that significant portions
of its habitat are being overgrazed. A final
recommendation awaits findings in the Idaho
portion of its range.
b. U.S. Bureau of Land Management: Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa occurs on public land
administered by BLM. It has a narrow
geographic range and occurs in a habitat that
is sensitive to current land management
practices (livestock grazing) . There is
evidence that heavy grazing is detrimental to
the plant, and some BLM sites (e.g. , Basin
Creek) experience intense grazing pressure.
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa should remain on
the BLM sensitive list until it can be shown
that all or most populations are experiencing
only light to moderate livestock grazing and
that monitored populations are stable.
c. U.S. Forest Service: Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa occurs on land administered by the
U.S. Forest Service. It has a narrow
geographic range and occurs in a habitat that
is sensitive to current land management
practices (livestock grazing) , and there is
evidence that heavy grazing is detrimental to
the plant. Carex parryana ssp. idahoa should
continue to have sensitive status.
d. State of Montana: There are 32 recently
verified sites for Carex parryana ssp. idahoa
in Montana, and it is likely that many more
occur on private land. However, many
populations are small, and the habitat is
threatened throughout its range. Thus the
status of S2 is still warranted.
21
4. MONITORING: The density of vegetative and fertile
ramets of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa should be
monitored using permanent plots on sites with
different grazing regimes to help determine the
plant's response to grazing and the optimum
management strategy for its conservation.
D. SUMMARY: Carex parryana ssp. idahoa occurs in the high
semi-arid valleys of southwest Montana and adjacent
southeast Idaho. There are 32 recently verified
populations in Montana, and others probably occur on
unsurveyed private land. In Idaho where surveys have
not been conducted, there are only four recently
verified populations. Most known Montana populations
of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa occur on land
administered by BLM; however, this is partly an
artifact of survey intensity. Some additional
populations probably occur on U.S. Forest Service land
and many are likely to occur on private land. Carex
parryana ssp. parryana also occurs in southwest Montana
and is found at some of the same sites as ssp. idahoa,
but the two subspecies are distinct, and intermediate
plants have not been observed.
The majority of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa populations
are small and occupy diminutive habitat islands. The
plant occurs in moist meadows, often ecotonal between
sagebrush steppe and wet meadows dominated by sedges
and rushes. This mesic habitat is preferred by cattle
for grazing. Observations suggest that Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa responds to grazing like other palatable
graminoids- light to moderate grazing has minimal
negative impact, while heavy grazing causes decline.
Overgrazing was observed at a minority of C. parryana
ssp. idahoa sites. It is also likely that populations
on private land have been negatively impacted by
agricultural development (hay production) and may
continue to be impacted by haying.
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is common to locally common
in the center of its range in extreme southwest
Montana. Although it is probably sensitive to heavy
grazing pressure, there is no evidence that majority of
populations are experiencing chronic overgrazing. The
number, size and conservation status of C. parryana
ssp. idahoa in Idaho is nearly unknown. Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa is currently listed as 3C by USFWS. This
designation appears appropriate at this time pending
new information from the Idaho portion of the plant's
range. Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is probably impacted
negatively by heavy grazing, and nearly all populations
on public land are subject to livestock grazing. Thus,
22
this rare sedge should continue to be considered
sensitive by the BLM and USPS in Montana. Retention of
sensitive status by federal agencies will help ensure
that Carex parryana ssp. idahoa does not require
listing under the Federal Endangered Species Act in the
future .
III. INFORMATION SOURCES
A. HERBARIUM SPECIMENS: Specimens vouchering recently
verified as well as historical populations are
deposited at the herbaria of the University of Montana
(MONTU, ca. 15) and Montana State University (MONT, ca .
4) .
B. FIELD WORK: Lesica conducted general florist ic field
surveys in southwest Montana in 1985 (Big Sheep Creek) ,
1992 (Highland Mtns. ) , 1993 (Tendoy Mtns . ) , 1994
(southern Beaverhead Co.), 1995 (Blacktail Mountains).
In 1997 he surveyed for Carex parryana ssp. idahoa in
Madison, Beaverhead and Silver Bow counties. Field
forms and photographs are deposited with the Montana
Natural Heritage Program in Helena.
C. LITERATURE CITED
Arno, S. F. and G. E. Gruel 1 . 1983. Fire history at the forest -
grassland ecotone in southwestern Montana. Journal of Range
Management 36: 332-336.
Bailey, L. H. 1896. 1896. Notes on Carex. XVIII. Botanical
Gazette 21: 5.
Booth, W. E. 1950. Flora of Montana Part 1, conifers and
monocots. Montana State College Research Foundation, Bozeman.
Davis, R. J. 1952. Flora of Idaho. Brigham Young University
Press, Provo, UT.
Dyer, M. I., C. L. Turner and T. R. Seastedt . 1993. Herbivory
and its consequences. Ecological Applications 3: 10-16.
Faegri, K. and L. van der Pijl. 1971. The principles of
pollination biology. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
Hansen, P. L., R. D. Pfister, K. Boggs, B. J. Cook, J. Joy, and
D. K. Hinkley. 1995. Classification and management of Montana's
riparian and wetland sites. University of Montana School of
Forestry Miscellaneous Publication No. 54, Missoula.
Heidel, B. 1977. Montana plant species of special concern.
Montana Natural Heritage Program, Helena.
23
Hermann, F. J. 1970. Manual of car ices of the Rocky Mountains
and Colorado Basin. USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook
374, Washington D.C.
Hickey, M. and C. King. 1988. 100 families of flowering plants.
Cambridge University Press, New York.
Hitchcock, C. L. , A. Cronquist, M. Owenby and J. W. Thompson.
1969. Vascular plants of the Pacific Northwest, Part 1: vascular
crptograms, gymnosperms and monocotyledon^ . University of
Washington Press, Seattle.
Lesica, P. and S. J. Shelly. 1991. Sensitive, threatened and
endangered vascular plants of Montana. Montana Natural Heritage
Program Occasional Publication No. 1. Helena, Montana.
McNaughton, S. J. 1979. Grazing as an optimization process:
grass-ungulate relationships in the Serengeti. American
Naturalist 113: 691-703.
Moseley, R. and C. Graves. 1990. Rare, threatened and
endangered plants and animals of Idaho. Idaho Department of Fish
and Game, Boise.
Murray, D. F. 1969. Taxonomy of Carex Sect. Atratae
(Cyperaceae) in the Southern Rocky Mountains. Brittonia 21: 55-
76.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association. 1982. Monthly
normals of temperature, precipitation and heating and cooling
degree days. Montana, 1951-1980. National Climate Center,
Ashville, North Carolina.
Platts, W. S. and R. L. Nelson. 1989. Characteristics of
riparian plant communities and streambanks with respect to
grazing in northeastern Utah. Pages 73-82 in R. E. Gresswell, B.
A. Barton and J. L. Kershner (eds.). Practical approaches to
riparian resource management. U.S. Bureau of Land Management,
Billings, MT.
Ross, R. L. and H. E. Hunter. 1976. Climax vegetation of
Montana based on soils and climate. USDA Soil Conservation
Service, Bozeman, MT.
Steele, R. , S. J. Brunsfeld, D. M. Henderson, K. E. Holte, F. D.
Johnson, and P. L. Packard. 1981. Vascular plants of concern in
Idaho. University of Idaho Forest, Wildlife and Range Experiment
Station Bulletin 34, Moscow.
van der Pijl, L. 1982. Principles of dispersal in higher
plants. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
24
Appendix A. Photographs of Carex parryana ssp, parryana (upper
left) and ssp. idahoa (all others) .
25
Appendix B. Photographs of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa habitat at
Taylor Creek (upper left) , Porcupine Canyon (upper right) ,
Hildreth (lower left) and Lima Reservoir (lower right) .
■m
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^^^^a
26
Appendix C. Location of Carex parryana ssp idahoa sites
Montana Natural Heritage Program, February 2, 1998
Appendix D.
Habitat and Grazing Response
of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa in Montana
Peter Lesica
929 Locust
Missoula, Montana 59802
November 1997
Introduction
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is a sedge found in moist
subirrigated meadows of southwest Montana and adjacent Idaho.
The plant is considered rare due to its limited habitat and
geographic range (Hermann 1970, Lesica and Shelly 1991) . The
habitat of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is used for either hay
production or livestock grazing; however, neither the effect of
grazing nor haying on the sedge is known. The purpose of this
study is to describe the vegetation associated with " Carex
parryana ssp. idahoa and use this data to help determine the
effects of grazing on this rare species.
Methods
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa is known to occur in Beaverhead, ^Ae^^ison,
Silver Bow, Powell and Gallatin counties, Montana and Clark,
Lemhi and Bannock counties, Idaho (Lesica and Shelly 1991, Murray
1969) . It is a rhizomatous sedge occurring along the drier
margins of subirrigated meadows associated with gentle stream
terraces as well as springs and seeps, in Montana usually at
6,000-8,500 ft. Hermann (1970) reported that Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa has excellent forage value.
I located more than 20 populations and subpopulations of
Carex parryana ssp. idahoa in Beaverhead County, Montana in early
August, 1997. Fourteen of these sites showed little or no
indication of grazing and were chosen for my study. At each site
I estimated canopy cover of all common vascular plant species,
total graminoid species and total forb species to the nearest 5%
in a 0.01 ha circular plot subjectively chosen to represent the
site where Carex parryana ssp. idahoa occurred. I counted the
number of flowering stems of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa in a 100
m^ (50 X 2m) belt transect through the center of each population.
Number of stems is not the same as number of individuals but was
used here as a relative measure of abundance.
28
Results
Meadow communities supporting populations of Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa were dominated by the graminoids, Carex praegracilis ,
Juncus balticus and Muhlenbergia richardsonis (Table 1) . Common
forbs included Antennaria microphylla, Aster occidentalis ,
Potentilla gracilis and Taraxacum officinale. Shrubs {Potentilla
fr^ticosa) were common at only two sites (Table 1) .
Density of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa flowering stems was
strongly positively correlated with total graminoid cover and
negatively correlated with total forb cover (Table 2) .
Muhlenbergia richardsonis was positively correlated with density
of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa. Species most strongly negatively
correlated with Carex parryana ssp. idahoa stems were of Poa
pratensis, Antennaria microphylla and Aster occidentalis (Table
2).
Density of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa flowering stems varied
from 4 to 310 stems/ 100 m^ with a mean of 67 stems/ 100 m^. Total
forb cover varied from 5 to 75% with a mean of 42%, and total
graminoid cover varied from 60 to 100% with a mean of 86%. Log-
transformation of the dependent variable increased the negative
relationship with forb cover (r=0.68, P=0.007) and the positive
relationship with graminoid cover (r=0.38, P=0.182).
Discussion
Flowering by rhizomatous species may be affected by the
degree of stress experienced by the clone. Some species flower
sparsely when in a dense sward. This does not appear to be the
case with Carex parryana ssp. idahoa as there was a positive
relationship between canopy cover of graminoid plants and the
density of C. parryana stems.
All of the study sites appeared to have been subjected to
livestock grazing in the recent past and were most likely
subjected to livestock or bison grazing in the more distant past.
Nonetheless, Carex parryana ssp. idahoa has persisted at these
sites and was abundant at some of them, suggesting that it can
tolerate at least light to moderate grazing.
Although Carex parryana ssp. idahoa has persisted at many
sites subjected to grazing, results of the study suggest that it
does decrease under grazing pressure strong enough to cause
significant increases in unpalatable forb cover. Cattle
preferentially graze graminoids rather than most forbs, so that
among similar habitats those with higher forb cover have usually
experienced stronger grazing pressure (Ross and Hunter 1976,
Hansen et al. 1995) . Poa pratensis also increases with livestock
grazing (Hansen et al 1995) . Across the 14 study sites there was
a negative correlation between the canopy cover of forbs and Poa
29
pratensis and the abundance of Carex parryana ssp. idahoa (Table
1) . Four of the five sites where Carex parryana ssp. idahoa was
most abundant had forb cover less than 20%, although mean forb
cover for all 14 sites was 42%. These results indicate that
grazing is likely having a negative impact on the sedge.
Taken together my observations suggest that Carex parryana
ssp. idahoa responds to grazing like many palatable graminoids.
It can persist with ungulate grazing pressure, but as grazing
becomes strong enough to cause an increase in forbs and Poa
pratensis, there will be a decrease in this rare sedge.
Literature Cited
Hansen, P. L. , R. D. Pfister, K. Boggs, B. J. Cook, J. Joy, and
D. K. Hinkley. 1995. Classification and management of Montana's
riparian and wetland sites. University of Montana School of
Forestry Miscellaneous Publication No. 54, Missoula.
Hermann, F. J. 1970. Manual of car ices of the Rocky Mountains
and Colorado Basin. USDA Forest Service Agriculture Handbook
374, Washington D.C.
Lesica, P. and S. J. Shelly. 1991. Sensitive, threatened and
endangered vascular plants of Montana. Montana Natural Heritage
Program Occasional Publication No. 1. Helena, Montana.
Murray, D. F. 1969. Taxonomy of Carex Sect. Atratae
(Cyperaceae) in the Southern Rocky Mountains. Brittonia 21: 55-
76.
Ross, R. L. and H. E. Hunter. 1976. Climax vegetation of
Montana based on soils and climate. USDA Soil Conservation
Service, Bozeman, MT.
30
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Table 2. Percent canopy cover (minimum, maximum, mean) of
dominant vascular plant species, average vegetation height, and
correlation (Pearson's r) with density of Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa at 14 ungrazed site.
Carex praegracilis
Juncus balticus
Muhlenbergia richardsonis
Poa pratensis
Total graminoids
Antennaria microphylla
Aster occidentalis
Potentilla gracilis
Taraxacum officinale
Total forbs
Height of vegetation 6-12 in 8.7 in 0.09
min-max
Mean
r
0-50
24
+0.14
10-60
31
-0.14
0-40
11
+0.36
0-65
9
-0.30
60-100
86
+0.30
0-20
3
-0.30
0-35
10
-0.29
0-20
7
-0.18
0-40
8
-0.05
5-75
42
-0.45
32
Appendix E. Element occurrence records for Carex parryana ssp.
idahoa in Montana.
33
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 001
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: HIGHLAND CITY
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: SILVER BOW.
USGS quadrangle: MOUNT HUMBUG
Township:
OOIN
Range :
008W
Section:
35
TRS comments:
SW4
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
Elevation: 68 60 -
1981-07-22 Slope/aspect: 5% / WEST
1992-07-11 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM BUTTE, TAKE STATE HWY 2 TOWARD PIPESTONE PASS; CA. 1.5 MILES
BEFORE PASS, GO SOUTHWEST ON FS RD 84 (HIGHLAND ROAD) 10.25 MILES TO
0.1 MILE EAST OF TURNOFF TO MOOSE TOWN. SITE IS BETWEEN ROAD AND
CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
1992: CA. 50 INDIVIDUALS, WITH IMMATURE FRUIT PRESENT.
PLANTS, GROWING RIGHT ALONG THE ROAD.
1981: 20-30
General site description:
1992: OPEN EXPOSURE ON STRAIGHT SLOPE; MOIST BOTTOM IN NARROW VALLEY
FLOODPLAIN. SILTY SOIL OF ALLUVIAL OR CALCAREOUS PARENT MATERIAL.
ASSOCIATED DOMINANT SPECIES: POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA, DESCHAMPSIA
CESPITOSA, JUNCUS BALTICUS. ADDITIONAL ASSOCIATED PLANT SPECIES: POA
PRATENSIS, CAREX PETASATA, FRAGARIA VIRGINIANA, POTENTILLA GRACILIS.
1981: CALCAREOUS WET-MOIST MEADOW SURROUNDED BY WILLOWS AND BOG BIRCH;
WITH CAREX SCOPULORUM, PEDICULARIS GROENLANDICA, THALICTRUM
SPARSIFLORUM, POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA,
Land owner/manager:
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, BUTTE RANGER DISTRICT
Comments:
ECODATA PLOT #92PL114. EVIDENCE OF LIVESTOCK DISTURBANCE.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LACKSCHEWITZ, K. (9728). 1981. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 002
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MONIDA
EO rank: A
EO rank comments: AREA RELATIVELY UNDISTURBED, GOOD POPULATION.
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: MONIDA
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
015S 006W 03 NE4
014S 006W 34 SE4
Precision: S
Survey date: 1985-07-19 Elevation: 6770 -
First observation: 1985 Slope/aspect:
Last observation: 1986-06-27 Size (acres) : 40
Location:
0.1-0.4 AIR MI. NW. OF MONIDA, N. OF OLD HIGHWAY ACROSS RR TRACKS.
Element occurrence data:
101-1000 INDIVIDUALS (RHIZOMATOUS) ; PLANTS FRUITING; MEADOW IS FAIRLY
UNDISTURBED AND NOT HEAVILY GRAZED; AREA IS SELDOM VISITED.
General site description:
WET ALKALINE MEADOW, ON VERY GENTLE SLOPE; MEADOW DOMINATED BY
GRAMINOIDS, WITH PHLOX KELSEYI, JUNCUS BALTICUS, CAREX SPP., IN DENSE
TURF.
Land owner/manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
Comments :
AREA REMOTE & NOT VERY CLOSE TO HIGHWAY; SEE EF FOR SPECIAL PLANT
SURVEY FORM.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (3551). 1985. MONTU.
tStbmmmi
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 003
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: LOWER POISON LAKE
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: DEER CANYON
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
Oils OllW 26 SW4
Precision: S
Survey date: 1984-08-26 Elevation: 8200 -
First observation: 1984 Slope/aspect:
Last observation: 1984-08-26 Size (acres): 0
Location:
TENDOY MOUNTAINS, WEST END OF LOWER POISON LAKE, CA. 10 MILES SOUTH OF
CLARK CANYON RESERVOIR.
Element occurrence data:
COMMON .
General site description:
FEN, WITH CAREX AQUATILIS AND C. SIMULATA.
Land owner /manager:
STATE LAND - UNDESIGNATED
Comments:
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (3288). 1984. SPECIMEN #89087. MONTU.
MONTANA-BEAVERHEAD CO.
7.5 MINUTE SERIES (TOPOGRAPHIC)
ft^
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 005
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MORRISON LAKE WETLANDS
EO rank: B
EG rank comments: PROBABLY A FAIRLY LARGE POPULATION.
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: MORRISON LAKE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S 012W 23 NE4SW4
Precision: S
Survey date: 1990-07-30 Elevation: 8200 -
First observation: 1990 Slope/aspect: 0-3% / LEVEL
Last observation: 1990-07-30 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
TAKE DELL EXIT OFF 1-15 SOUTH OF DILLON. PROCEED SOUTH ON FRONTAGE
ROAD TO BIG SHEEP CREEK ROAD (#257), AND FOLLOW THIS ROAD CA. 30 MILES
TO MORRISON LAKE ROAD. PROCEED TO HEAD OF INDIAN CREEK; WETLANDS ARE
SOUTHEAST OF LAKE.
Element occurrence data:
51-100 PLANTS IN FRUIT; MAY BE MORE COMMON THAN SURVEY INDICATED.
General site description:
POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA/JUNCUS BALTICUS COMMUNITY. ASSOCIATED SPECIES:
ASTER OCCIDENTALIS, THALICTRUM ALPINUM, MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS,
SENECIO FOETIDUS, CAREX SCIRPOIDEA, C. PRAEGRACILIS .
Land owner/manager:
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, DILLON RANGER DISTRICT
Comments :
ROADS AND GRAZING IN AREA. COMPLETE PLANT SPECIES LIST AND MANAGEMENT
RECOMMENDATIONS CONTAINED IN A REPORT BY P. LESICA TO THE BEAVERHEAD
NATIONAL FOREST (1990), ON FILE AT MTNHP.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (4979). 1990. MONTU.
C
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 006
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: HARKNESS LAKES
EO rank: B
EO rank comments: LIVESTOCK GRAZING; LOTS OF DANDELIONS AND
INCREASERS.
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: EIGHTEENMILE PEAK
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
016S OllW 05 NW4SE4
Precision: S
Survey date: 1990-07-31 Elevation: 8150 - 8200
First observation: 1985 07-20 Slope/aspect: 0-3% - LEVEL
Last observation: 1990-07-31 Size (acres) : 40
Location:
BEAVERHEAD RANGE, CA. 24 MILES SOUTHWEST OF LIMA, ALONG COTTONWOOD
CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
101-1000 PLANTS, IN IMMATURE FRUIT 31 July 1990.
General site description:
BELOW POA NEVADENSIS MEADOW, AT NARROW, MOIST, PEATY JUNCUS BALTICUS
ECOTONES ALONG THE MARGINS OF SMALL LAKES. ASSOCIATED SPECIES:
TRIFOLIUM LONGIPES, ASTER OCCIDENTALIS, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS .
Land owner/manager:
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, DILLON RANGER DISTRICT
Comments:
COMPLETE PLANT SPECIES LIST AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS CONTAINED
IN A REPORT BY P. LESICA TO THE BEAVERHEAD NATIONAL FOREST (1990), ON
FILE AT MTNHP.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (3556). 1985. MONTU.
LESICA, P. (5208). 1990. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: • IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 007
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: COYOTE HILL
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: SILVER BOW
USGS quadrangle: PIPESTONE PASS
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
OOIN 007W 27 SE4SW4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 6960
First observation: 1992-06-29 Slope/aspect: 2% / SOUTHWEST
Last observation: 1992-06-29 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
HIGHLAND MOUNTAINS, SOUTH OF BUTTE. FROM FISH CREEK ROAD (FS RD 668),
GO NORTH ON LIME KILN MOUNTAIN ROAD (FS RD 8492) CA. 100 YARDS. SITE
IS ALONG SMALL SPRING CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
50-100 RAMETS, IMMATURE FRUIT PRESENT.
General site description:
OPEN EXPOSURE ON STRAIGHT SLOPE; MOIST AREA IN BOTTOM ON ALLUVIAL
FLOODPLAIN. SILTY SOIL OF ALLUVIAL OR CALCAREOUS PARENT MATERIAL.
ASSOCIATED DOMINANT SPECIES: POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA, JUNCUS BALTICUS,
DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA. ADDITIONAL ASSOCIATED SPECIES: POA PRATENSIS,
TARAXACUM OFFICINALE, TRI FOLIUM LONGIPES.
Land owner/manager:
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, JEFFERSON RANGER DISTRICT
Comments:
ECODATA PLOT #92PL109. EVIDENCE OF LIVESTOCK GRAZING.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (5746). 1992. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 008
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: SOUTH FORK TUCKER CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: SILVER BOW
USGS quadrangle: TUCKER CREEK
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
OOIN 009W 36 NE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 6180
First observation: 1992-06-27 Slope/aspect:
Last observation: 1992-06-27 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM DIVIDE (TOWN), GO NORTH ON FRONTAGE ROAD CA. 5 MILES. GO EAST
UNDER 1-15 CA. 1.5 MILES TO RANCH. TAKE ROAD TO RESERVOIR CA. 1 MILE.
INSTEAD OF CONTINUING UPHILL, GO DOWN TO CREEK. SITE IS CA. 0.4 MILE
UPSTREAM.
Element occurrence data:
50-100 INDIVIDUALS; IMMATURE FRUIT PRESENT.
General site description:
OPEN EXPOSURE ON STRAIGHT SLOPE; MOIST AREA IN BOTTOM ON FLOODPLAIN
TERRACE. SILTY SOIL OF ALLUVIAL PARENT MATERIAL. ECOTONE BETWEEN CAREX
NEBRASCENSIS WET MEADOW AND ARTEMISIA TRIDENTATA-FESTUCA IDAHOENSIS
STEPPE, WITH POA PRATENSIS AND JUNCUS BALTICUS.
Land owner/manager:
STATE LAND - UNDESIGNATED
Comments:
LIVESTOCK DISTURBANCE EVIDENT.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (5730). 1992. SPECIMEN #71771. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MEADOW CREEK
EO rank: C
EO rank comments :
PMCYP036E0.009
WESTERN SUBPOPULATION IS SMALL AND HEAVILY-GRAZED;
EASTERN SUBPOPULATION IS RELATIVELY LARGE WITH
SOME GRAZING; NORTHERN SUBPOPULATION IS SMALL AND
GRAZED.
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: CABOOSE CANYON
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
015S OlOW 08 NW4; 9 W2
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
1994-08-16 Elevation: 6840 - 6880
1993-07-10 Slope/aspect: 0-3% / NORTH
1994-08-16 Size (acres) : 12
Location:
FROM DELL, TAKE BIG SHEEP CREEK ROAD TO MEADOW CREEK ROAD, THEN TAKE
MEADOW CREEK ROAD 1 MILE WEST {WESTERN SUBPOPULATION) . EASTERN
SUBPOPULATION IS LOCATED NEAR CROSSING OF DEADMAN ROAD AND NICHOLIA
CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
SUBPOPULATIONS . WESTERN: 50 PLANTS, IMMATURE FRUIT. EASTERN: 200-500
PLANTS, IMMATURE FRUIT. NORTHERN: 20-50 PLANTS, MATURE FRUIT (1994).
General site description:
OPEN, MOIST FLOODPLAIN BOTTOM, CALCAREOUS PARENT MATERIAL, SILTY SOIL.
ASSOCIATED SPECIES: JUNCUS BALTICUS, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, DESCHAMPSIA
CESPITOSA, ASTER OCCIDENTALIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, CREPIS RUNCINATA,
MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONII, ASTRAGALUS LEPTALEUS.
Land owner/manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments :
ECODATA PLOT# 94SC105.
Information source:
LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (6088). 1993. MONTU.
maBmHimm
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 010
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MUDDY CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: DIXON MOUNTAIN
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments;
013S OlOW 07 NW4
Precision:
Survey date :
First observation:
Last observation:
1993-07-09
1993-07-09
Elevation: 6960 -
Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM DELL, TAKE BIG SHEEP CREEK ROAD TO MUDDY CREEK, AND CONTINUE ON
MUDDY CREEK ROAD TO WILSON CREEK ROAD. CONTINUE CA. 3 MILES ON WILSON
CREEK ROAD.
Element occurrence data:
100-500 PLANTS, IMMATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST, OPEN FLOODPLAIN BOTTOM. SHALE PARENT MATERIAL, SILTY SOIL.
ASSOCIATED SPECIES: JUNCUS BALTICUS, DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA, CAREX
PRAEGRACILIS, CREPIS RUNCINATA, VALERIANA EDULE, POTENTILLA ANSERINA.
Land owner/manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
SOME DISTURBANCE FROM CATTLE.
Information source;
LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
H2''52'30"
44'45'
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
I
35200001 £ 353
4956ooo«..N.
yiAi^diLMMgiib^
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: 32 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . Oil
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: SOURDOUGH CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: GRAPHITE MOUNTAIN
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
012S OlOW 31 SW4SW4
Precision: S .
Survey date: Elevation: 7160
First observation: 1993-07-09 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1993-07-09 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM DELL, TAKE BIG SHEEP CREEK ROAD TO MUDDY CREEK AND GO NORTH TO
WILSON CREEK ROAD. CONTINUE ON MAIN ROAD 0.5 MILE.
Element occurrence data:
CA. 100 PLANTS, IN YOUNG FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST, OPEN FLOODPLAIN BOTTOM, SHALE PARENT MATERIAL, SILTY SOIL.
ASSOCIATED SPECIES: POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA, JUNCUS BALTICUS, DESCHAMPSIA
CESPITOSA, ANTENNARIA MICROPHYLLA, AGROPYRON CANINUM, CREPIS
RUNG I NAT A.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
SOME CATTLE DISTURBANCE.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (6066). 1993. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE ,
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 012
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MUD LAKE
EO rank: C
EO rank comments: SMALL POPULATION WITH GOOD HEAVY GRAMINOID COVER.
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: CORRAL CREEK
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S 005W 23 NE4NW4
Precision: S
Survey date: 1994-08-18 Elevation: 6625. -
First observation: 1994-08-18 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1994-08-18 Size (acres) : 65
Location:
CENTENNIAL VALLEY; SHORE OF MUD LAKE, NEAR SOUTHEAST INLET.
Element occurrence data:
CA. 20 PLANTS OBSERVED WITH MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST, OPEN WIDE VALLEY TERRACE BOTTOM. ALLUVIAL PARENT MATERIAL,
SILTY SOIL. ASSOCIATED SPECIES: CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, MUHLENBERGIA
RICHARDSONIS, JUNCUS BALTICUS, HAPLOPAPPUS UNIFLORUS.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
OBSERVED BY P. LESICA AND S. COOPER. LIGHT CATTLE GRAZING. SITE NOT
FULLY SURVEYED. ECODATA PLOT* 94SC116.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (6530). 1994. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 013
Element occurrence type :
Survey site name: WOLVERINE CREEK
EO rank: C
EO rank comments: APPARENTLY SMALL POPULATION WITH HEAVY GRAZING.
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: WOLVERINE CREEK
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S 005W 1 NW4NE4
Precision: S
Survey date: 1994-08-18 Elevation: 6610 -
First observation: 1994-08-18 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1994-08-18 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
CENTENNIAL VALLEY; ON EAST SIDE OF WOLVERINE CREEK CA. 0.6 MILE FROM
CONFLUENCE WITH RED ROCK RIVER.
Element occurrence data:
CA. 10-20 PLANTS OBSERVED, IN FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST, OPEN WIDE VALLEY TERRACE BOTTOM. ALLUVIAL PARENT MATERIAL,
SILTY SOIL. ASSOCIATED SPECIES: POA JUNCIFOLIA, MUHLENBERGIA
RICHARDSONIS, JUNCUS BALTICUS, HAPLOPAPPUS UNIFLORUS.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
OBSERVED BY P. LESICA AND S. COOPER. MODERATE CATTLE GRAZING. AREA NOT
THOROUGHLY SURVEYED. ECODATA PLOT# 94SC123.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status;
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 015
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MACLEAN CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: SILVER BOW
USGS quadrangle: MELROSE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments;
OOIS
009W
24
Precision: M
Survey date:
First observation: 1979-06-11
Last observation: 1979-06-11
Elevation: 6100 -
Slope/aspect:
Size (acres) :
Location:
CA. 0.5 MILES SOUTHEAST OF MOOSE CREEK PARKING AREA ON MACLEAN CREEK
ROAD.
Element occurrence data:
IMMATURE .
General site description:
MOIST MEADOW.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, HEADWATERS RESOURCE AREA
HUMBUG SPIRES PRIMITIVE AREA
Comments:
Information source: BOTANIST, MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, 1515
EAST SIXTH AVENUE, HELENA, MT 59620-1800.
Specimens: LOWRY II, P. P. (1958). 1979. SPECIMEN #68181. MONT.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: 32 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 016
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: GRASSHOPPER CREEK BASIN
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: POLARIS
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
006S 012W 30
Precision: G
Survey date: Elevation: 6100 -
First observation: 1958-08-19 Slope/aspect:
Last observation: 1958-08-19 Size (acres) :
Location:
GRASSHOPPER CREEK BASIN, NEAR JACKSON ROAD TURNOFF.
Element occurrence data:
General site description:
HAY MEADOW, MOIST CLAY LOAM, PROBABLY WET EARLIER IN SEASON.
Land owner /manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
STATE LAND - UNDESIGNATED
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, DILLON RANGER DISTRICT
Comments :
SPECIMEN LABEL GIVES ELEVATION AS 6200 FT; MAPPED AT 6100 FT.
Information source: BOTANIST, MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, 1515
EAST SIXTH AVENUE, HELENA, MT 59620-1800.
Specimens: PAYNE, G. F. (S.N.). 1958. SPECIMEN #56264. MONT. !F.J.
HERMANN .
17' 30"
45° 15'
113''07''30" '3^
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status;
Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 017
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: BIG HOLE RIVER
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
SENSITIVE .
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: FOX GULCH
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments;
005S
015W
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
1955-09-08
1955-09-08
Elevation: 6340
Slope/aspect:
Size (acres) :
Location:
4 MILES NORTH OF JACKSON.
Element occurrence data:
General site description:
LOW SEDGY MEADOW.
Land owner/manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
STATE LAND - UNDESIGNATED
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, DILLON RANGER DISTRICT
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, WISDOM RANGER DISTRICT
Comments :
Information source: BOTANIST, MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, 1515
EAST SIXTH AVENUE, HELENA, MT 59620-1800.
Specimens: HERMANN, F. J. (12485). 1955. SPECIMEN #50031. MONT.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 018
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: CENTENNIAL VALLEY
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: SLIDE MOUNTAIN
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S OOIW
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
18
G
1955-09-10
1955-09-10
Elevation: 6640
Slope/aspect:
Size (acres) :
Location:
WEST OF UPPER RED ROCK LAKE.
Element occurrence data:
General site description:
SEDGE MEADOW WITH CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, C. NEBRASCENSIS, JUNCUS
BALTICUS, AGROSTIS EXARATA, A. ALBA.
Land owner /manager:
RED ROCK LAKES WILDERNESS
RED ROCK LAKES NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE
STATE LAND - UNDESIGNATED
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
CENTENNIAL MOUNTAINS PRIMITIVE AREA
Comments :
Information source: BOTANIST, MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, 1515
EAST SIXTH AVENUE, HELENA, MT 59620-1800.
Specimens: HERMANN, F. Jl (12490). 1955. SPECIMEN #50035. MONT.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 019
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: BASIN CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: HENRY GULCH
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
013S 007W 11 W2
Precision: S
Survey date: 1995-06-29 Elevation: 6720 - 6800
First observation: 1995-06-2 9 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1995-06-29 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
TAKE RED ROCK RIVER ROAD EAST FROM LIMA AND CROSS RIVER. TAKE ROAD
NORTH TO BASIN CREEK AND THEN EAST TO SPRING.
Element occurrence data:
100-200 STEMS, FLOWERING AND EARLY FRUIT.
General site description:
OPEN, MOIST, BROAD VALLEY ALLUVIAL PLAIN. LIMESTONE PARENT MATERIAL,
SILTY SOIL. ASSOCIATED SPECIES: JUNCUS BALTICUS, POA PRATENSIS, CAREX
PRAEGRACILIS, IRIS MISSOURIENSIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, TRIFOLIUM
LONGIPES.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
OBSERVED BY P. LESICA. DISTURBANCE BY EXOTICS, HIGH FORB COVER, AND
TRAMPLING.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (6792). 1995. MONTU.
? 7 « 3 5 JV. 1 2
■«
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 020
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: BOX SPRING
EO rank: B
EO rank comments: SPECIES DOES NOT OCCUPY ALL MAPPED WETLANDS, ONLY
ECOTONAL AREAS.
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle:
PRICE CREEK
VINEGAR HILL
Township:
Oils
Range :
007W
Section:
16
TRS comments ;
E2; 21 NW4
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
1995-06-20 Elevation: 7360 - 7920
1995-06-20 Slope/aspect: 10% / SOUTH
1995-06-20 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM SAGE CREEK ROAD, TAKE ROAD NORTH PAST BOX SPRING CA. 0.6 MILE.
MAIN POPULATION IS ALONG CREEK BELOW UNNAMED SPRINGS. SUBPOPULATION IS
CA. 0.9 MILE WEST OF BOX SPRINGS ALONG ROAD.
Element occurrence data:
1000+ STEMS IN 2 SUBPOPULATIONS, FLOWERING.
General site description:
OPEN, MOIST RESIDUAL MOUNTAIN VALLEY. ALLUVIUM PARENT MATERIAL, SILTY
SOIL. ASSOCIATED SPECIES: JUNCUS BALTICUS, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS,
AGROPYRON CANINUM, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, TRIFOLIUM LONGIPES.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
Comments:
OBSERVED BY P. LESICA. DISTURBANCE BY ROADS, CATTLE, EXOTICS, AND HIGH
FORB COVER.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (6762). 1995. MONTU.
^mm^mmmmr
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^^^ DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
'*"- GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
W2. 0\J 3B900Qn r
44* 52' 30" '^ '^
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 021
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: BLACKTAIL CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: SILVER BOW
USGS quadrangle: HOMESTAKE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
002N 007W 4 NE4NW4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 5500
First observation: 1996-09-20 Slope/aspect:
Last observation: 1996-09-20 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM BUTTE GO SOUTH ON 1-90 TO EXIT 278. GO WEST ON 4 MILE VUE ROAD
CA. 0.37 MILES (JUST BEFORE BLACKTAIL CREEK CROSSING).
Element occurrence data:
9 SUBPOPULATIONS, IN FLOWER.
General site description:
OPEN BOTTOM WITH SATURATED SOILS ON MICACEOUS, ALLUVIAL FLOODPLAIN.
PLANT COMMUNITY DOMINATED BY CAREX SPP, ASTER JUNCIFORMIS, POTENTILLA
ANSERINA AND JUNCUS BALTICUS. ASSOCIATED PLANT SPECIES INCLUDE CAREX
NEBRASCENSIS, POA PRATENSIS AND GENTIAN SPP.
Land owner/manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
Comments :
OBSERVED/COLLECTED BY P. HACKLEY, L. FAIRMAN, AND P. JOHNSON.
IDENTIFICATION CONFIRMED BY P. LESICA. LAND IS GRAZED SEASONALLY.
Information source: BOTANIST, MONTANA NATURAL HERITAGE PROGRAM, 1515
EAST SIXTH AVENUE, HELENA, MT 59620-1800.
Specimens: HACKLEY, P. 1996. OEA RESEARCH.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
•
Forest Service status;
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 022
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MOOSE CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: SILVER BOW
USGS quadrangle: MOUNT HUMBUG
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
OOIS 008W 10 NW4
OOIS 008W 9 NE4
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
1997-08-03
1997-08-03
1997-08-03
Elevation: 6650
Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM HIGHLAND ROAD, TAKE MOOSE CREEK ROAD TO MALONEY PARK AREA. SITE
IS JUST NORTH OF ROAD ON THE BORDER BETWEEN SECTIONS 9 AND 10.
Element occurrence data:
4 STEMS IN 50 SQUARE METERS; CA.
160 STEMS TOTAL; MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
UPPER MARGIN OF RIPARIAN WET MEADOW DOMINATED BY JUNCUS BALTICUS AND
POTENTILLA GRACILIS, WITH MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS, POA PRATENSIS,
FRAGARIA VIRGINIANA, ANTENNARIA MICROPHYLLA, AND ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM.
PARENT MATERIAL IS CALCAREOUS,
Land owner /manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments: ■
EVIDENCE OF CATTLE TRAILS IN THE AREA.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
¥^S«
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE ,
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 023
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: MOOSE TOWN SOUTH
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: SILVER BOW
USGS quadrangle: MOUNT HUMBUG
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
OOIS 008W 3 SE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 6780
First observation: 1997-08-03 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1997-08-03 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM HIGHLAND ROAD, TAKE MOOSE CREEK ROAD UNTIL IT CROSSES CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
14 STEMS/100 SQUARE METERS. CA. 100 STEMS TOTAL. MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
UPPER MARGIN OF RIPARIAN WET MEADOW ON HUMMOCKS. ASSOCIATED PLANTS
INCLUDE POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, FRAGARIA VIRGINIANA,
ASTER OCCIDENTALIS, DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA, JUNCUS BALTICUS,
MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIA.
Land owner /manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, BUTTE RANGER DISTRICT
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
ROAD ADJACENT. SOME DREDGING OF CREEK HAS OCCURRED.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 024
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: BRUNDAGE CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: METZEL CREEK
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
013S 003W 27 SE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 6640
First observation: 1997-08-01 Slope/aspect: 2% / SOUTH
Last observation: 1997-08-01 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
BELOW "NORTH-SIDE ROAD" 0.5 MILE EAST OF ELM CATTLEGUARD.
Element occurrence data:
SMALL AREA (0.25 ACRE); GRAZED, POPULATION ESTIMATE NOT POSSIBLE.
MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST MEADOW ABOVE WET MEADOW ALONG RIVER AND JUST BELOW ROAD BORROW
PIT. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE JUNCUS BALTICUS, DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA,
MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIA, ANTENNARIA MICROPHYLLA, TARAXACUM
OFFICINALE, ASTER OCCIDENTALIS .
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments :
■ EVIDENCE OF DISTURBANCE: GRAZED THIS YEAR, ADJACENT TO ROAD.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
i
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 025
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: CLOVER DIVIDE
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: LIMA DAM
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
W2; 2 E2
013S
006W
1 W
First
Last
Precision:
Survey date:
observation:
observation:
S
1997-08-02
1997-08-02
Elevation: 7160 - 7240
Slope/aspect:
Size (acres) : 20
Location:
CA. 0.25 MILE SOUTH OF CLOVER CREEK-BLACKTAIL DEER CREEK DIVIDE.
Element occurrence data:
CA. 200 TOTAL STEMS WITH MATURE FRUIT IN AT LEAST 3 WIDELY SEPARATED
COLONIES.
General site description:
ECOTONAL EDGE OF SUBIRRIGATED MEADOWS ALONG DRAINAGES. ASSOCIATED
PLANTS INCLUDE JUNCUS BALTICUS, CAREX MICROPTERA, POTENTILLA GRACILIS,
POTENTILLA ANSERINIA, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, AND IRIS MISSOURIENSIS .
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments :
EVIDENCE OF DISTURBANCE: CATTLE TRAILS.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7495). 1997. MONTU.
•
^■^[^^^i^i^
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 026
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: LIMA RESERVOIR NORTH
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: MONIDA
Township :
Range :
Section:
TRS comments
014S
005W
30
W2
014S
006W
25
N2
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
Elevation: 6640 - 6680
1997-08-01 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
1997-08-01 Size (acres): 100
Location:
ALONG ROAD TO RED ROCK LAKES CA. 3.5 MILES FROM MONIDA.
Element occurrence data:
STEMS GRAZED OFF. POPULATION ESTIMATE NOT POSSIBLE.
General site description:
MEADOWS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL STREAMS AND SEEPS ALONG BASE OF RIDGE.
ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE POTENTILLA ANSERINIA, POA PRATENSIS, CAREX
PRAEGRACILIS, JUNCUS BALTICUS, MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS, IRIS
MISSOURIENSIS, ASTER OCCIDENTALIS .
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
LIVESTOCK GRAZING.
Information source;
Specimens :
LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status;
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 027
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: LIMA RESERVOIR SOUTHWEST
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: MONIDA
Township: Range: Section:
014S 006W 16
TRS comments;
NW4
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
1997-08-01
1997-08-01
Elevation: 6600 -
Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Size (acres) : 1
Location:
CA. 4 MILES NORTH-NORTHWEST OF MONIDA.
Element occurrence data:
17 STEMS PER 100 SQUARE METERS,
MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
MEADOW ECOTONE BETWEEN JUNCUS BALTICUS/DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA WET
MEADOW AND ARTEMISIA TRIDENTATA/AGROPYRON SMITHII STEPPE. ASSOCIATED
PLANTS INCLUDE JUNCUS BALTICUS, DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA, CAREX
PRAEGRACILIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS .
Land owner/manager:
STATE LAND - UNDESIGNATED
Comments:
HIGH FORB COVER.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7489). 1997. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 028
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: SAND CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: CORRAL CREEK
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S 005W 24 SE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 6680 - 6740
First observation: 1997-08-01 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1997-08-01 Size (acres) : 2
Location:
OFF MAIN ROAD BETWEEN MONIDA AND RED ROCK LAKES.
Element occurrence data:
230 STEMS PER 100 SQUARE METERS. OVER 10,000 TOTAL STEMS. MATURE
FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST MEADOW AT BASE OF SLOPE, PRESUMABLY SUBIRRIGATED. ASSOCIATED
PLANTS INCLUDE CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, JUNCUS BALTICUS, AGROPYRON
SPICATUM, HAPLOPAPPUS INTEGRIFOLIUS, TARAXACUM OFFICINALE.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
Comments :
LITTLE RECENT DISTURBANCE.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7493). 1997. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: 32 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 029
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: UPPER DEADMAN CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: CABOOSE CANYON
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
015S OlOW 22 SW4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 6950
First observation: 1997-08-11 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1997-08-11 Size (acres): 2
Location:
SOUTHWEST OF BANNACK PASS ROAD CROSSING OF DEADMAN CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
UNABLE TO ESTIMATE POPULATION SIZE.
General site description:
DRIER MARGINS OF WET MEADOW ALONG CREEK. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE
DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA, JUNCUS BALTICUS, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, POA
JUNCIFOLIA, MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, AND CREPIS
RUNG I NAT A.
Land owner /manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments :
GRAZED; CATTLE TRAILS.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens:
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 030
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: UPPER BLACKTAIL DEER CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: WHISKEY SPRING
LIMA DAM
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
012S 006W 35 NE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 7190 - 7200
First observation: 1997-08-02 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1997-08-02 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
ALONG WEST FORK BLACKTAIL DEER CREEK 0.7 MILES BELOW ANTONE ROAD.
Element occurrence data:
SMALL POPULATION. UNABLE TO ESTIMATE TOTAL NUMBER DUE TO GRAZING.
General site description:
DRIER MARGIN OF MOIST MEADOW ALONG CREEK. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE
POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA, JUNCUS BALTICUS, TRIFOLIUM REPENS, DESCHAMPSIA
CESPITOSA, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, TARAXACUM
OFFICINALE.
Land owner /manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
HEAVY GRAZING, CATTLE TRAILS.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens:
Kiinn f r^figaii^iii^AiUi
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 031
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: CABIN CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: ISLAND BUTTE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S OllW 23 SE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 7080 - 7100
First observation: 1997-08-11 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1997-08-11 Size (acres) : 5
Location:
TAKE CABIN CREEK ROAD TO UPPER MOUTH OF CANYON, THEN 2-TRACK ROAD UP
CABIN CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
NO SUBPOPULATION ESTIMATE POSSIBLE.
General site description:
MOIST MEADOW ALONG CREEK. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE CAREX
PRAEGRACILIS, JUNCUS BALTICUS, CIRSIUN EDULE, POA JUNCIFOLIA, CREPIS
RUNCINATA, IRIS MISSOURIENSIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, AND ASTER
OCCIDENTALIS.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, DILLON RANGER DISTRICT
Comments :
HEAVILY GRAZED.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE ,
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 032
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: COYOTE CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: ISLAND BUTTE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
015S OllW 7 S2
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 7920 - 8270
First observation: 1997-08-10 Slope/aspect: CENTRUM SUBPOP: LEVEL,
SECONDARY SUBPOP: 3%/NE.
Last observation: 1997-08-10 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM MEADOW CREEK ROAD, TAKE ALKALI CREEK 2-TRACK SOUTHWEST CA. 1.3
MILES. HIKE TO COYOTE LAKE.
Element occurrence data:
TWO SUBPOPULATIONS. THE CENTRUM POPULATION CONSISTS OF CA. 100-200
TOTAL STEMS, WITH MATURE FRUIT. THE SECOND SUBPOPULATION HAS VERY
LITTLE HABITAT; ONLY 1 STEM WITH MATURE FRUIT OBSERVED.
General site description:
CENTRUM SUBPOPULATION: DRIER PORTION OF SHRUBBY, MOIST MEADOW ALONG
CREEK. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE POTENTILLA FRUTICOSA, JUNCUS
BALTICUS, CAREX SIMULATA, CAREX AQUATILIS, CAREX NEBRASCENSIS, CAREX
MICROPTERA, ASTER OCCIDENTALIS . SECONDARY SUBPOPULATION: DRY MARGIN OF
SUBIRRIGATED MEADOW ASSOCIATED WITH SEEP. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE
CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, CAREX MICROPTERA, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, POA
JUNCIFOLIA, TRIFOLIUM LONGIPES.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
BEAVERHEAD- DEERLODGE NATIONAL FORESTS, DILLON RANGER DISTRICT
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
Comments:
TWO SUBPOPULATIONS. CATTLE TRAILS.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7502). 1997. MONTU.
,|L^-— , I I UlJl
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: 82
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
SENSITIVE
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 033
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: HILDRETH
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: TEPEE MOUNTAIN
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
013S 012W 09
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
Elevation: 7400 - 7480
1997-07-30 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
1997-07-30 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
1.5 MILES SOUTH OF HILDRETH RANCH.
Element occurrence data:
TWO SUBPOPULATIONS. CENTRUM SUBPOPULATION: CA. 100 STEMS TOTAL, WITH
MATURE FRUIT. SECOND SUBPOPULATION: CA. 600 STEMS TOTAL, WITH MATURE
FRUIT.
General site description:
CENTRUM SUBPOPULATION: DRIER EDGE OF SUBIRRIGATED, MOIST MEADOW ALONG
A SPRING CREEK. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, JUNCUS
BALTICUS, DESCHAMPSIA CESPITOSA, MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIA, ANTENNARIA
MICROPHYLLA, CREPIS RUNCINATA, ASTER OCCIDENTALIS . SECOND
SUBPOPULATION: MOIST OUTER MARGIN OF SUBIRRIGATED MEADOW ALONG STREAM.
ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE JUNCUS BALTICUS, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS,
MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS, POA PRATENSIS, TARAXACUM OFFICINALE, ASTER
OCCIDENTALIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS.
Land owner /manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
A FEW LIVESTOCK TRAILS.
Information source:
LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7484). 1997. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 034
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: KATE CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: DEER CANYON
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
012S OllW 18 NW4
Precision; S
Survey date: Elevation: 6600
First observation: 1997-07-30 Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Last observation: 1997-07-30 Size (acres) : 1
Location:
HEAD OF KATE CREEK CA. 0.25 MILES PAST LAST GATE.
Element occurrence data:
8 STEMS SEEN IN 200 SQUARE METERS OF HABITAT. MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
ON HUMMOCKS IN WET MEADOW ALONG OLD SIDE CHANNEL OF CREEK. ASSOCIATED
PLANTS INCLUDE JUNCUS BALTICUS, POA PRATENSIS, CAREX NEBRASCENSIS,
MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS, ASTER OCCIDENTALIS, ANTENNARIA MICROPHYLLA.
Land owner/manager:
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
EVIDENCE OF DISTURBANCE: HUMMOCKS,
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
47'30"
300 000^ S;r.-
FEET
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE .
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 035
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: PORCUPINE CANYON
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: ISLAND BUTTE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S OllW 15 NE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 7300 - 7360
First observation: 1997-08-10 Slope/aspect: 1% / SE
Last observation: 1997-08-10 Size (acres) : 2
Location:
TAKE CABIN CREEK ROAD TO UPPER MOUTH OF CANYON, THEN 2-TRACK ROAD UP
CABIN CREEK.
Element occurrence data:
CA. 155 STEMS IN 50 SQUARE METERS; MORE THAN 20,000 STEMS TOTAL.
MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST OUTER MARGIN OF SUBIRRIGATED MEADOW ALONG STREAM. ASSOCIATED
PLANTS INCLUDE CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, JUNCUS BALTICUS, MUHLENBERGIA
RICHARDSONIS, POTENTILLA GRACILIS, TRIFOLIUM LONGIPES, ASTER
OCCIDENTALIS.
Land owner /manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
EVIDENCE OF DISTURBANCE: SOME OLD COWPIES.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens :
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 036
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: SIMPSON CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: BEAVERHEAD
USGS quadrangle: ISLAND BUTTE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
014S OllW 27 NW4; 28 NE4
Precision: S
Survey date: Elevation: 7220 - 7310
First observation: 1997-08-10 Slope/aspect: 1% / EAST
Last observation: 1997-08-10 Size (acres) : 4
Location:
TAKE CABIN CREEK ROAD TOWARD MORRISON LAKE.
Element occurrence data:
CA. 91 STEMS IN 100 SQUARE METERS; MORE THAN 10,000 STEMS TOTAL.
MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
MOIST OUTER MARGINS OF SUBIRRIGATED MEADOW ALONG CREEK. ASSOCIATED
PLANTS INCLUDE CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, MUHLENBERGIA RICHARDSONIS,
POTENTILLA GRACILIS, TARAXACUM OFFICINALE.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
PRIVATELY OWNED LAND (INDIVIDUAL OR CORPORATE)
Comments :
EVIDENCE OF DISTURBANCE: LIVESTOCK TRAILS. AREA MAPPED IS ENTIRELY ON
BLM LAND. ADDITIONAL PLANTS ON NEARBY PRIVATE LAND ARE UNMAPPED.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7504). 1997. MONTU.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0 . 037
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: TAYLOR CREEK
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
SENSITIVE
County: BEAVERHEAD
DSGS quadrangle: BANNACK
Township: Range: Section:
007S OllW 18
TRS comments:
N2; 07 SE4
Precision: S
Survey date:
First observation: 1997-07-29
Last observation: 1997-07-29
Elevation: 6300 - 6320
Slope/aspect: LEVEL
Size (acres) : 1
Location:
BOTH SIDES OF TAYLOR CREEK SOUTH OF COUNTY ROAD.
Element occurrence data:
CA. 30 STEMS SEEN IN 200 SQUARE METERS OF HABITAT. MATURE FRUIT
PRESENT .
General site description:
MOIST ECOTONAL MEADOW BETWEEN RIPARIAN WET MEADOW AND SAGEBRUSH
GRASSLAND. ASSOCIATED PLANTS INCLUDE POA PRATENSIS, JUNCUS BALTICUS,
TRIFOLIUM REPENS, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, CAREX NEBRASCENSIS, AGROPYRON
SMITHII.
Land owner /manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
EVIDENCE OF DISTURBANCE: 40% COVER OF TARAXACUM.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7479). 1997. MONTU,
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 038
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name: GRASSY LAKE
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: MADISON
USGS quadrangle: CIRQUE LAKE
VARNEY
Township : Range :
007S 002W
Section: TRS
08 NW
comments:
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
S
1997 07 27
1997 07 27
Elevation: 7150 -
Slope/aspect:
Size (acres) : 1
Location:
FROM HWY 287 BETWEEN VIRGINIA CITY AND ENNIS, TAKE THE ROAD SOUTH AT
THE MADISON - RUBY DIVIDE.
Element occurrence data:
5-10 STEMS, MATURE FRUIT.
General site description:
VERY SMALL DEPRESSIONAL WETLAND; VERNALLY WET; PROBABLY OF GLACIAL
ORIGIN. PLANT COMMUNITY: JUNCUS BALTICUS. ADDITIONAL ASSOCIATED
PLANTS: POA PRATENSIS, CAREX PRAEGRACILIS, CAREX MICROPTERA.
Land owner/manager:
BLM: BUTTE DISTRICT, DILLON RESOURCE AREA
Comments:
ADJACENT ROAD MAY DISRUPT HYDROLOGY.
Information source: LESICA, PETER. DIVISION OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES,
UNIVERSITY OF MONTANA, MISSOULA, MT 59812.
Specimens: LESICA, P. (7470). 1997. MONTU. DETERMINED BY D.
MURRAY .
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2
State rank: S2
Forest Service status:
Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 039
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name:
EO rank:
EO rank comments:
County: POWELL
USGS quadrangle: DEER LODGE
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
SENSITIVE
Precision:
Survey date:
First observation:
Last observation:
Elevation:
97 Slope/aspect;
97 Size (acres) ;
Location:
DEER LODGE
Element occurrence data:
General site description:
Land owner/manager:
Comments:
Information source:
Specimens: Rydberg, P. A. (2128). 1897. NY, US. Annotated by D.
Murray.
Scientific Name: CAREX PARRYANA SSP IDAHOA
Common Name: IDAHO SEDGE
Global rank: G4T2 Forest Service status: SENSITIVE
State rank: S2 Federal Status:
Element occurrence code: PMCYP036E0. 040
Element occurrence type:
Survey site name:
EO rank:
EO rank comments :
County: GALLATIN
USGS quadrangle:
Township: Range: Section: TRS comments:
Precision: U
Survey date: Elevation:
First observation: 18XX Slope/aspect;
Last observation: 18XX Size (acres) ;
Location:
FORKS OF MADISON RIVER.
Element occurrence data:
General site description:
Land owner/manager:
Comments :
Peter Lesica considers Hebgen Lake in Gallatin Co. to be the likely
area where this collection was made, not Madison Co. as indicated in
Lesica & Shelly (1991) .
Information source:
Specimens: Rydberg, P. A. and C. E. Bessey. (3762) . 18XX. NY, US.
Annotated by D. Murray.
MONTANA
STATE
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