;
THE PHILIPPINE
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
Alvin J. Cox, M. A., Ph. D.
GENERAL EDITOR
SECTION C. BOTANY
E. D. MERRILL, M. S.
EDITOR
WITH THE COOPERATION OF
C. B. ROBINSON, Ph. D.; P. W. GRAFF, B. S.; W. H. BROWN, Ph. D.
VOL. VIII
1913
With 13 Plates and 7 Text Figures
MANILA
bureau of printing
1913
DATES OF ISSUE
No. 1, pages 1 to 64, February 27, 1913.
No. 2, pages 65 to 138, April 19, 1913.
No. 3, pages 139 to 196, May 14, 1913.
No. 4, pages 197 to 286, July 26, 1913.
No. 5, pages 287 to 406, November 19, 1913.
No. 6, pages 407 to 525, January 31, 1914.
ii
CONTENTS
No. 1, February, 1913
Page
Brown, W. H. The Relation of the Substratum to the Growth of
Elodea a,. 1
Brown, W. H., and Graff, P. W. Factors Influencing Fungus Succes-
sion on Dung Cultures 21
Merrill, E. D. Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, 1 31
No. 2, April, 1913
Brotherus, V. F. Contributions to the Bryological Flora of the Phil-
ippines, IV 65
Wainio, E. A. Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum, II 99
No. 3, May, 1913
Copeland, E. B. Notes on Some Javan Ferns 139
Copeland, E. B. On Phyllitis in Malaya and the Supposed Genera
Diplora and Triphlebia 147
Diels, L. Three New Species of Menispermaceae 157
Hubbard, F. T. On Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vignolo Lutati 159
Kranzlin, F. Cyrtandraceae Novae Philippinenses, 1 163
Rehm, H. Ascomycetes Philippinenses Collecti a clar. C. F. Baker.... 181
Sydow, H. and P. Descriptions of Some New Philippine Fungi 195
No. 4, July, 1913
Brown, W. H. The Phenomenon of Fatigue in the Stigma of Mar-
tynia 197
Gamble, J. S. Some Additional Bamboos of the Philippine Islands.... 203
Merrill, E. D. Studies on Philippine Melastomataceae, 1 207
Rehm, H. Ascomycetes Philippinenses, II 251
Sydow, H. and P. Enumeration of Philippine Fungi with Notes and
Descriptions of New Species. Part I; Micromycetes 265
No. 5, November, 1913
Copeland, E. B. Daily Growth Movements of Lagerstroemia 287
Graff, P. W. Additions to the Basidiomycetous Flora of the Phil-
ippines 299
Kranzlin, F. Cyrtandraceae Novae Philippinenses, II 311
Merrill, E. D. Studies on Philippine Melastomataceae, II 335
Merrill, E. D. Plantae Wenzelianae 363
Rehm, H. Ascomycetes Philippinenses, III 391
No. 6, December, 1913
Ames, 0. Notes on Philippine Orchids with Descriptions of New
Species, VI 407
Radlkofer, L. Enumeratio Sapindacearum Philippinensium nova-
rumque descriptio 443
Sydow, H. and P. Enumeration of Philippine Fungi with Notes and
Descriptions of New Species, II 475
Errata 511
Index 513
iii
February, 1913
VoL. VIII, Sec. C, NO; 1
THE PHILIPPINE
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
ALVIN J. COX, M. A., Ph.D.
GENERAL EDITOR
Section C. Botany
E. D. MERRILL, M. S.
EDITOR
WITH THE COOPERATION OP
C. B. ROBINSON, Ph. D,; P. W. GRAPE, B. S.
W. H. BROWN, Ph. D.
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THE PHILIPPINE
Journal of Science
C. Botany
VOL. VIII FEBRUARY, 1913 No. 1
THE RELATION OF THE SUBSTRATUM TO THE GROWTH OF
ELODEA
By William H. Brown
{From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory,
Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I.)
INTRODUCTION
The slight development of conducting tissue in many water
plants, together with the thinness of the epidermis, has led to a
widespread belief that most submerged plants take nutrient salts
largely if not entirely from the water in which the stems and
leaves are floating, and that the roots serve only as organs of
attachment. The conclusion that submerged plants absorb nu-
trient salts through the epidermis of the leaves and stems is,
however, as pointed out by Pond,^ based on a 'priori rather than
experimental grounds.
Several observers have found that colored solutions will rise
in the stems of certain submerged plants if the cut ends of the
stems are placed in the solutions ; see Pond.= Thoday and Sykes *
report a rise of a solution of eosin in a stem of Potamogetori
lucens at the rate of 9.5 cm a minute. Pond states that the
amphibious plant Rayiimculus aquatilis var. trichophyllus absorbs
^ Pond, R. H. The Biological Relation of Aquatic Plants to the Sub-
stratum. Rept. U. S. Comm. Fish and Fisheries 29 (1905) 483-526.
^L. c.
“ Thoday, D. & Sykes, M. G. Preliminary Observations on the Trans-
piration Current in Submerged Water-plants. Ami. Bot. 23 (1909) 635-637.
114864
2
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
water through its roots and that in two experiments the roots
absorbed lithium nitrate, which was then transported to the stem
and leaves. The passage of water through a submerged plant,
however, does not show that the roots are of any advantage in
obtaining nutrient salts, for, in most cases, it is doubtful if the
water, in which the stems and leaves are growing, contains a
much smaller percentage of nutrient salts than does the water in
the soil. Moreover, even though the solution in the soil were more
concentrated, it seems hardly likely that the cells of the growing
region and thin leaves would contain a much higher percentage
of nutrient salts than would diffuse into them from the surround-
ing water, provided, of course, that the outer walls of the cells are
permeable, and there is nothing to show that this is not the case
in most submerged plants. If a concentrated solution did flow
through the vessels of the stem and leaves, the salts in solution
would tend to diffuse into the outside water before reaching the
cells of the growing point and leaves where they would most
likely be used.
The writer, in some experiments which will be described in a
future paper, has observed a rise of a solution of eosin at the
rate of 4.2 cm a minute in the vessels of a cut stem of Elodea
exposed to sunlight. The direction in which the solution passed
through the vessels was found to depend on the position of the
stem. When the basal end was placed in the solution the latter
passed from the basal towards the apical end. If the tip was
removed and the end of the stem nearest the apex placed in the
solution while the basal end was supported above it, the eosin
then passed through the vessels in the reverse direction. Bubbles
of gas also pass through the stem along with the solution. If the
end which is uppermost is cut the gas escapes as a stream of
bubbles from this end. When the tip is intact and above the
basal end the gas escapes in the same manner from the axils
of one or more leaves. The gas would seem to afford an ex-
planation of the movement of the water, for, under the condi-
tions described above, a vessel is a capillary tube containing a
column of water and gas, and such a column will tend to rise in
a capillary tube immersed in water. As the column rises more
bubbles of gas would be formed below and so the flow would
tend to be continuous. The formation of the bubbles of the gas,
which is mostly oxygen, would probably produce pressure in the
vessel and this would again tend to carry the column upwards
as any downward movement would have to overcome the pres-
VIII, C. 1
Broivn: Grotvth of Elodea
3
sure exerted by the weight of the water above the lower end.
Barnes ■* suggests that the heating of the leaves may create the
conditions necessary for the circulation of water in aquatics. It
would appear that the three factors mentioned above are suffi-
cient to explain the movements of the water in Elodea and that
the movement is therefore a necessary consequence of the
physical construction of the plant.
That water should ascend in a plant under such conditions
certainly does not .justify the conclusion that the movement is
of advantage to the plant by causing a condensation of nutrient
salts or that roots are of advantage as absorbing organs. It may
be noted here that proof is lacking for the theory that trans-
piration causes a condensation of these salts in terrestrial plants.
Pond ® grew a number of submerged plants including Elodea
canadensis, rooted in good soil; anchored over the same soil;
rooted in sand ; and floating over sand. The plants rooted in
soil grew very much better than those in any of the other three
conditions. Pond states that the six plants studied by him,
“are dependent upon their rooting in the soil for optimum growth,
and can not survive a single season if denied a substratum of
soil.” This writer did not reach any definite conclusion as to
the explanation of this fact but seemed to incline to the view
that the greater growth of the rooted plants was connected with
the absorption of nutrient material by the roots.
Brown “ observed that the submerged aquatics of Lake Ellis
were distributed according to the nature of the soil substratum,
Elodea carmdensis and Sphagnum occurring on muddy soil con-
taining large quantities, of organic matter, while Myriophyllum
and Eriocaulon compressum grew on a coarse sandy soil. This
writer suggested that the distribution of the plants might be
due to different amounts of CO^ given off by the two soils.
The experiments, reported in this paper were carried on in
the green house of the Botanical Department of the Johns Hop-
kins University during the winter and spring of 1910. The
writer wishes to express his thanks to Prof. B. E. Livingston
for valuable suggestions and criticisms and for placing every
possible convenience at his disposal.
-Barnes, C. R. Bot. Gaz. 49 (1910) 77.
Kept. U. S. Comm. Fish and Fisheries 29 (1905) 483-526.
“ Brown, W. H. The Plant Life of Ellis, Great, Little, and Long Lakes
in North Carolina. Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 13 (1911) 323-341.
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
The object of the experiments was not to determine quantita-
tively the optimum conditions for the growth of Elodea, but to
find out the manner in which a soil would most likely affect the
growth and distribution of such a plant and if possible to deter-
mine the value of the rooted condition.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The original stock of Elodea was obtained from Henry A.
Dreer of Philadelphia under the name Anacharis canadensis
var. gigantea. This plant is especially favorable for the study
of growth as long unbranched stems, without roots, are easily
obtained. All of the experiments were started with unbranched
stems 10 cm in length.
Stock cultures were kept in battery jars with and without a
layer of soil in the bottom and in others through which CO2
was passed for from 5 to 10 minutes several times a day. The
last method produced the best plants and so was used exclusively.
The CO, was obtained from a generator and passed through a
solution of NaHCOs to remove any trace of acid. Commercial
CO,, put up in tanks, was found to be very detrimental to the
growth of the plants. This was probably due to the presence
of some poisonous gas.
Since individual plants and stems of plants, of the same
species, are known to vary in their rates of growth, it seemed
advisable to determine this rate for all stems before using them
in an experiment. This was done by taking a large number of
stems, 10 cm long, unbranched and without roots, and placing
them in jars, through which CO, was passed as in the stock
cultures, care being taken that all of the plants received prac-
tically the same amount of light. At the end of three to five days
the increase in length was measured and a selection made of
those showing approximately the same rate of growth. The
plants were then cut down to 10 cm in length and employed in
an experiment. The length of all plants was measured from
the cut end to the tips of the longest leaves around the growing
point. A single average example will illustrate the value of
this method. On the first of April 178 plants 10 cm in length
and similar in appearance were selected and treated as just
described. Four days later the increase in length was measured
in mm. The results are given in Table I.
Broivn: Groivth of Elodea 5
Table I. — Groivth of 178 plants of Elodea, April 1 to 5.
Growth.
Number
of
plants.
Growth.
N umber
of
plants.
1
j Growth.
Number
of
plants.
Growth.
Number
of
plants.
Growth.
Number
of
plants.
Mm.
Mm.
Mm.
Mm.
Mm.
3
1
10
15
16
9
22
1 i
28
1
5
1
11
16
17
7
23
2
CO
1
6
5
12
19
18
3
24
2
38 i
1
7
13
13 ;
18
19
3 1
25
2
39 1
1 :
8
12
14 !
' 19
20
2 i
26
1
9
15
15
5
21
2 ■;
27
1
j 1
An examination of Table I shows that the growth in length
varied from 3 to 39 mm. Fifty plants which had grown from 7
to 10 mm were used in the experiments recorded in Table V, and
80 which had grown from 11 to 16 mm in those recorded in
Tables IX to XL In placing the plants in the experiments, those
which had made the same amount of growth were distributed as
nearly equally as possible in the various jars. Each jar should,
therefore, contain plants showing different rates of growth ; but,
under the same conditions, these rates should vary much less
than if no selection had been made. A comparison of table 1
with tables 5 and 7 to 11 shows that the extent of the individual
variations was decreased greatly by the selection. The indi-
vidual variations should, moreover, be approximately equal in all
jars; and consequently not a serious source of error.
EFFECT OF COo, FROM THE SOIL, ON GROWTH
A comparison of the amount of CO, which water will absorb,
under ordinary conditions, with that used in photosynthesis by
submerged plants, such as Elodea, would seem to show that the
latter process would be greatly retarded unless CO,, from some
source other than the air, is added to the water. One hundred
cc of water at 20° will dissolve ^ 90.14 cc of CO2 if exposed in
an atmosphere of the same. The amount dissolved will decrease
in proportion as the percentage concentration of CO, in the
atmosphere decreases, so that, under ordinary conditions, water
at 20° will always absorb from the air a smaller percentage of
CO, than is contained in it. Air contains,’’ on an average, about
’Thorpe, T. E. Dictionary of Applied Chemistry (1898).
6
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
0.034 per cent of CO„. The jars used in most of the experi-
ments reported in this paper contained three liters of water,
which, under ordinary conditions, would absorb from the air less
than 1.02 cc of CO,. The rapidity with which this amount
might be used by the plants in the experiment was determined
in the following manner. Ten plants, 10 cm in length, were
placed in a three liter jar. The number and length of the plants
was the same as that usually employed in the experiments, while
the bulk was much less than would ordinarily occur in nature in
the same amount of water. On a bright day, CO, from a gener-
ator was passed through the water in the jar for ten minutes.
After allowing an interval of fifteen minutes for the plants to
become adjusted, the rate of absorption of CO, by the plants
was calculated by measuring the amount of oxygen given off
from the cut ends of the stems. This was found to be 1 cc in
two minutes for the ten plants. Since this figure does not take
into account all of the oxygen given off by the leaves and was
probably not a maximum rate, it would seem that the plants
could easily use up 1 cc of CO, in two minutes in the process
of photosynthesis. This would mean that all of the COj which
the water would absorb from the air could be used by the plants
in two minutes ; and that, if the air were the only source of CO^,
the process of photosynthesis would be retarded unless the
amount of CO,, necessary to establish an equilibrium between
the air and water, were to diffuse into the water every two
minutes. This would, of course, be a much more rapid rate than
could possibly occur.
Since the bulk of the plants, in the experiment just discussed,
was much less than would ordinarily occur in nature in the same
amount of water, it would seem that the process of photosyn-
thesis, and probably also growth, would be accelerated if CO,
were added to the water from some other source besides the air.
In nature such CO, might come from animals living in the water
and from the decomposition of organic matter in the soil. If
water, which did not contain living organisms, was standing over
soil, which gave off CO, in any considerable quantity, the layer
of water in contact with the soil would take up some or all of
this CO, and would contain a higher percentage of it than water
into which CO, diffused only from the air. The CO, would then
diffuse from this lower layer to the upper ones where it would
tend to diffuse into the air until the water contained a smaller
VIII, c.
Broivn: Groivth of Elodea
7
percentage than the air. The result would be that the water,
near the soil, would always contain more COo than that near the
surface. In view of this it would seem that submerged plants
might grow better anchored near the soil than floating near the
surface, and that roots, by keeping the plants near the soil,
might, in some cases, be an advantage to them.
On the 14th of December, while carrying on experiments to
determine the best way of keeping stock cultures, a large number
of plants, which were for the most part without roots, were
put in various kinds of jars, with and without a layer of soil
in the bottom. At the end of three weeks it was found that
all of the plants, in the jars without soil, were dead, while those
in the jars with soil had made a good growth. There appeared,
moreover, to be few if any more roots on the plants in the jars
without soil than when the plants were first placed in them;
while there was a vigorous growth of roots in the jars with soil.
If the presence or absence of the rooted condition was the primary
cause of the difference in the growth of the plants in the two
cases, roots should have been formed in both, for they had to
be produced in the second before the plants could become rooted.
If would seem from this that the growth of the plants in the
second case and the death in the first was not connected, prim-
arily, with the presence or absence of the rooted condition; but
rather that the production of roots was an expression of the more
vigorous condition of the plants. It would seem, moreover, that
this vigorous condition must have been due to some change
produced by the soil, in the water in which the stems of the
plants were growing.
To test this point more accurately a series of three-liter bat-
tery jars was prepared on the fifth of January. The first con-
tained only tap water. The second was filled with tap water to
which was added a bag of cheese cloth containing about 200 cc
of good soil; the idea being that the water would be a saturated
solution of this soil, while the plants would not have a chance
to become rooted. The bottom of the third jar was covered
with a layer of the same soil as that used in the second. At the
end of three days the plants in the jar with only tap water
had made an average growth of 3 mm, but after this there was
no further growth and in less than twenty days all of the plants
were dead. During the twenty days of the experiment no roots
were produced by the plants in either the jar with only tap
water or the one with the bag of soil. At the end of ten days,
when roots were just beginning to appear on the plants in the
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
jar, the bottom of which was covered with a layer of soil, the
plants in this jar had made an average growth of 2.3 cm, while
those in the jar with the bag of soil had grown only 1.2 cm.
At the end of twenty days those in the jar, with a layer of soil
in the bottom, had made an average growth of 5.2 cm, were
well rooted and had a vigorous appearance. At the same time
two of the plants in the jar with the bag of soil were dead
while the other eight were in an unhealthy condition and had
grown, on the average, only 2.1 cm. The differences between
the plants in the three jars could not have been caused by the
roots because these differences were apparent before any of
them were formed. This confirms the conclusions drawn from
the preliminary experiments. The results must have been due
to some change produced in the water, by the soil. It did not
seem probable that the differences in the plants in the jars, with
soil, could have been connected with the amount of salts in solu-
tion, for the water in the jar, with a bag of soil, was probably
saturated for that soil. Later experiments will show that tap
water contains a sufficient quantity of salts to keep ten plants
alive for twenty days, and for them to make a much greater
growth than any of the plants in this series. Differences in
the amount of COg present seemed to be more probable explana-
tion. The soil used contained considerable organic matter and
gave off CO,. The laj^er of soil, in the bottom of the jar, afforded
a larger surface for the entrance of 0 and the giving off of COj
and besides contained more soil than the bag in the other jar.
The jar with tap water and no soil received only the amount
of CO2 which diffused from the air into the water.
To test the effect of adding CO, to water in which the stems
were growing, the eight plants, in the jar with the bag of soil,
which were still alive on the twenty-fifth of January were dis-
tributed two in each of four jars. Two of the jars contained
only tap water, while the bottoms of the other two were covered
with a layer of soil from which all organic matter had been
removed by burning. CO,, from a generator, was then passed
through the water of one jar containing only tap water and
one with the layer of soil. This was done by running a glass
tube to the bottom of the jar and allowing the gas to pass
through the tube.
At the end of ten days the plants, in the jars to which CO,
had not been added, were dead; while the others had, despite
their unhealthy condition, made a more vigorous growth than
in the previous experiment. Measurements of the growth of the
plants are given in Table II.
9
c, 1 Broivn: Growth of Eloclea
Table II. — Growth of Elodea with arid without addition of COi.
No. of experiment.
Growth in cm with '
addition of CO2. '
Growth in cm without
addition of CO2. ;
Tap water.
Tap water
and soil.
Tap water.
i Tap water
1 and soil.
1.8
1.6
3.4
1.7
1.6
3.2
Dead.
Dead.
Dead.
1 Dead.
1 Total
The results show little difference between the plants in the jars
with and without soil, but the beneficial effect of the addition of
CO2 is very evident.
In order to test, more accurately, the effect of the addition of
CO2, two series of three-liter jars were prepared on February
sixth. One jar in each series contained tap water diluted with
an equal volume of distilled water; another only tap water;
while the bottom of the third was covered with a layer of burnt
soil and the jar filled with tap water. Ten plants, 10 cm in
length and without roots, were then placed in each jar. CO,,
from a generator, was passed through the water in the jars of
one series for from five to ten minutes several times each day.
The water was not changed during the experiment. The average
growth of the ten plants in each jar, for periods of three and ten
days, is given in Table III.
Table III. — Groivth of Elodea with and without addition of CO2.
(All figures are averages for 10 plants.)
Time.
Tap water |
diluted 100 iTap water,
per cent. |
Tap water
and soil.
With addition of CO2 —
Days.
Cm. (
Cm.
Cm.
3
0.9
1.0
i 0.8
10
3.2
3.3
2.8
Without addition of CO2—
3
0.3 i
0.3
1 0.25
10
0.3
0.3
I 0.25
These results show comparatively little difference between the
plants in either series but a decided advantage in favor of those
in the jars to which CO2 had been added. At the end of the
third day these had made about three times as much growth as
10
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
those in the other jars. By this time the plants in the jars,
through which CO, had not been passed, had ceased growing,
while the others were still making a good healthy growth. This
would seem to show that under the conditions of this experiment
the amount of CO, which diffused into the water from the air
was not sufficient for the growth of the plants. Since the stock
cultures were kept in jars through which CO, was passed, and
all of the plants were making a healthy growth at the time that
the experiment was started, it would also seem that a deficiency
of CO2 affects the growth of the plants very quickly.
On February eighteenth, two series were prepared which
were similar to the last except that a jar, the bottom of which
was covered with a layer of good soil, was added to each series.
As in the last experiment ten plants, 10 cm long and without
roots were placed in each jar. CO^, from a generator, was then
passed through the water in the jars of one series for from five
to ten minutes several times each day. The average growth of
the plants in each jar, for periods of three and ten days, is given
in Table IV.
Table IV. — Growth of Elodea with and without addition of CO2 to water.
(All figures are averages for 10 plants.)
r
!
Time,
Tap water
diluted 100
per cent.
Tap water.
Tap water
and burnt
soil.
Tap water
and soil
containing
organic
matter.
Growth with addition of CO2—
Days.
Cm.
Cm.
Cm.
Cm.
3
1.0
1.1
0.9
1.3
10
3.2
3.5
3.0
4.2
Growth without addition of CO2.
3
0.3
0.35
0. 25
0.5
10
0.3
0.35
0.25
1.6
At the end of three days the plants in all of the jars to which
CO2 had not been added, except those in the one with a layer of
good soil, had ceased growing ; while at the same time the plants
in the corresponding jars, through which it had been passed, had
made about three times as much growth as these, and continued
to grow vigorously during the course of the experiment.
These results are similar to those obtained in the last experiment.
The greatest growth was made by the plants in the jar, the bot-
VIII, C, 1
Broivn: Groivth of Elodea
11
tom of which was covered with a layer of good soil and through
which COo was passed. The plants in the corresponding jar, to
which COo had not been added, had made a healthy growth ; but
this was much less than in any of those through which it had
been passed. The greater growth made by the plants, in the jars
containing the good soil, was probably due to the COo given off
by the soil. In the case of the jar, to which COo had been added,
the soil furnished a constant supply in addition to the inter-
mittent one from the generator, and thus probably gave the
plants in this jar an advantage over those which obtained CO.,
only from the generator and air.
Judging from the previous experiments, it is probable that
had this and the last been run long enough death would have
ensued in less than twenty days in the case of all of the plants
which were dependent for their supply of CO, on that which
diffused from the air into the water. All of the experiments,
therefore, agree in showing that at Baltimore, during the winter
months, and under the conditions of this experiment, sufficient
CO2, to keep the plants growing or even alive, does not diffuse
from the air, into the water; and that unless CO,, is added from
some other source, growth stops in less than three days and
death ensues in less than twenty. Elodea is therefore very
sensitive to a diminution in the supply of CO.,. These results
are what would be expected after a consideration of the amount
of CO2 which water absorbs from the air, and would seem to
show that the quantity of CO, given off by different soils would
markedly affect the growth of submerged plants rooted in them.
EFFECT OF VARIATIONS IN AMOUNT OF NUTRIENT SALTS
An examination of Tables III and IV shows very little differ-
ence between the growth of Elodea in tap water and in tap water
diluted with an equal volume of distilled water. This would
indicate that wide variations in the concentration of the salts in
the water had little effect on the growth of Elodea. It seemed
advisable, therefore, to try the effect of additions of nutrient
salts to tap water. This was done by making up various
strengths of Knop’s solution with tap water. The basis of the
additions was a Knop’s solution made by taking 1.5 cc N. CaNOg,
0.4 cc N. KNOo, 0.4 cc N. MgSO^, 0.4 cc KoHPO.,, and adding
sufficient tap water to make a liter. This solution was used in
one half strength, full strength, two and four times full strength.
In tables 5 to 7 these strengths are designated as 0.5, 1, 2, and 4
standard.
12
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
On the fifth of April a series of four 3-liter jars were filled
with the different strengths and another jar with tap water.
Ten plants, 10 cm long and without roots, were placed in each
jar and CO2 passed through the jars as previously described.
The solutions were changed every five days. The experiment
had to be abandoned at the end of fifteen days as after this
vigorous growths of algae appeared in some of the jars. The
growth of the individual plants for fifteen days is given in
Table V.
Table V. — Growth of Elodea in tap water and Knop’i
solution, April 5 to 20.
Growth in-
1
No. of plant.
Tap
water.
0.5
standard.
1
standard.
2
standard.
4 '
standard.!
1 '
Cm.
9.2
Cm.
9.5
Cm.
12.3
Cm.
12.2
Cm.
12.1
2
9.4
13.2
13.2
12.0
14.2
3
8.8
11.0
10.2
13.7
9.1
4
8.3
11.2
12.7
15.4
11.9
6
7.0
11.6
10.6
12.4
11.8
6
7.8
11.7
12.6
9.9
11.5
7 ,
7.4
8.3
12.7
14.9
13.6
8
9.4
12.6
13.0
10.5
11.6
9
9.7
10.4
7.8
9.1
13.4
10
6.7
11.9
9.1
11.8
10.9
Total
83.7
111.4
114.0
121.9
120.1
Average.. . .. ... .. ..
8.3
11.1
11.4
12.2
12.0
The greatest growth shown in Table V was made by the plants
in twice the full strength of the standard solution. This growth
was 48.2 per cent greater than that shown by the plants in tap
water, but only 9.9 per cent greater than the smallest average
growth made by any of the plants in the jars of Knop’s solution.
The difference between the plants in tap water and those in
Knop’s solution were considerable, but small when compared with
those produced by variations in the amount of CO2 in the water.
The slight differences between the plants in the various jars of
Knop’s solution as compared with the greater differences between
all of these plants and those in tap water would suggest that
the Knop’s solution added one or more elements in which the tap
water was deficient but that wide variations in the concentration
of Knop’s solution produced only slight changes. This is in
harmony with the similarity of the plants in previous experi-
ments in tap water and in tap water diluted with an equal volume
of distilled water.
VIII, C, 1
Brotvn: Groivth of Elodea
13
In Table VI are given the results of an experiment similar to
the last except that only two strengths of Knop’s solution were
used and the experiment run twenty-five days. There is a close
similarity between the results of the two experiments.
Table VI. — Growth of Elodea in tap water ayid Knop’t
solution, April 5 to 20.
\
No. of plant.
Growth in-
Tap 0.5
water, standard.
. 1
standard.
Cm.
Cm.
Cm.
10.7
11.3
17.9
2
11.1
17.9
18.6
11.7
26.4
11.2
4
11.2
18.6
17.2
5 -
14.6
10.2
17.0
6 -
10.6
14.6
15.3
7
13.9
16.4
22.2
8
11.8
15.5
18.3
9
14.2
21.2
18.3
10 .
11.1
17.7
23.9
Total
120.9
169.8
179.9 j
Average . -
12.1
17.0
18.0
On the tenth of April an experiment was started with a series
of six three-liter jars containing respectively tap water and five
strengths of Knop’s solution. The basis of the Knop’s solution
was the same as in the last two experiments. Five plants 10
cm long and without roots were put in each jar, and no COg
passed through any of them. The growth of the individual plants
for twenty-five days is given in Table VII.
Table VII. — Growth of Elodea in tap water and Knop’s
solution without addition of CO-.
/
Growth in —
No. of plant.
Tap
water.
0.5
standard.
1
standard.
2 4
standard. ' standard.
_l
5
standard.
1
1 8
Cm.
2.4
Cm.
2.4
Cm. Cm.
2.4 4.2
Cm.
5.6
2
1.2
3.1
5.6
3.6 2.8
4.8
3
2.1
2.6
3.9
4. 8 1 5. 1
4.6
4
0.9
2.8
3.1
5. 2 6. 6
3.3
5
1.7
2.8
3.3
3.7 ! 5.8
6.0
1 Total - _
7.7
13.7
18.3
19.7 24.5
24.3
■ Average
1.5
2.5
.3.6
3. 9 4.9
4.8
14
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
The growth shown in Table VII was very spindling and more-
over did not keep pace with the death of the plants at the cut
ends, so that they were all actually shorter at the end than at
the beginning of the experiment. It was due only to the differ-
ence in the appearance of the growth before and after the plants
were placed in the jars that the amount of growth could be
measured. The dying at the cut end did not occur in any of
the plants in the jars through which COo was passed. The
growth of the plants in this experiment, run during April and
May, was much greater than that made during Januai’y and
February by any of the plants in jars in which CO, was ob-
tained only from the air. The plants in this experiment were
alive at the end of twenty-four days whereas in the previous
experiments growth ceased in less than three days and death
ensued in less than twenty. This increased growth was observed
in all experiments run without the addition of CO, during April
and May and was probably connected with the greater intensity
of the sunlight. However, in all cases, the plants were dying at
a faster rate than they were growing so that, if kept under the
same conditions, they would probably have died in a compar-
atively short time.
♦ The results given in Table VII show that the addition of nu-
trient salts increased the growth of the plants when CO, was
not passed through the water, the plants in the jar containing
four times the standard strength of Knop’s solution growing
215.7 per cent as much as those in tap water. This difference
is, however, small when compared with that produced by passing
CO, through the water. A comparison of Tables VI and VII
shows that the growth of the plants, in tap water through which
CO, was passed, was in twenty-five days 766.7 per cent as much
as the growth of similar plants for twenty-four days in water
to which CO, was not added. This, moreover, does not take
into account the unhealthy condition of the latter plants.
The water used in these experiments came from a small stream
near Baltimore and may be considered as an average soft water
under natural conditions. Using it as a basis the experiments
so far reported would seem to show that the addition of nutrient
salts is nothing like so important for the growth of Elodea as
the addition of CO, other than that absorbed from the air. The
comparatively small variations produced by keeping the plants
in solutions containing very different concentrations of nutrient
salts would indicate, moreover, that under natural conditions
VIII, c, 1 Broton: Growth of Elodea 15
growth would be retarded more frequently by a scarcity of CO.
than by a deficiency of nutrient salts.
VALUE OF ROOTED CONDITION
The different rates of growth, shown by the plants in the
solutions of nutrient salt of various strengths, were all apparent
before roots were formed on any of the plants. It is evident,
therefore, that different concentrations of nutrient salts as well
as of COo may affect growth independently of the roots. It
remains to be seen, however, whether the rooted condition is
of value to the plant.
An attempt to test this point was made in the following
manner. Three ten-liter battery jars were filled with tap water
and the bottom of each covered with a layer of good soil con-
taining organic matter. Ten plants 10 cm in length were then
placed in each jar. Those in the first were held against the
soil by small glass rods and soon became rooted. The plants in
the other jars were left floating near the surface of the water.
The roots of the plants in the second jar were allowed to grow
down into the water while those of the plants in the third were
removed as soon as formed. The stubs left on the plants
collapsed very quickly so that it is not likely that they served
as absorbing organs. The cut ends of all the plants were plugged
with parafine. No CO„ was passed through the water in any of
the jars.
Very early in the experiment a flourishing growth of algae
covered the soil in the jars containing the floating plants. At
the same time the jar containing the rooted plants appeared to
be free from algae. Several attempts were made to grow algae
in this jar by transferring to it rather large quantities from the
jars with floating plants. In every case the algae failed to make
any appreciable growth and soon disappeared. The most reason-
able explanation of this seemed to be that the CO. from the soil
could be used by the algae when the plants of Elodea were floating
near the surface while it would be largely taken from the water,
by the latter, when they were anchored to the soil. The fact
that these algae did not do well in ordinary tap water, except
when CO. was passed through it, is in harmony with this con-
clusion ; see Brown.® From what has been said it would seem
that the rooted plants of Elodea should receive more CO. and
make a better growth than the floating ones even though the
roots were of no advantage in absorbing nutrient salts.
^Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 13 (1911) 323-341.
16
The Philippive Journal of Science
1913
The growth of the plants in this experiment for a period of
thirty days from the fifth of January to the fourth of February
is given in Table VIII.
Table VIII. — Growth of Elodea in jars xvith soil. SO days.
No. of plant.
i
!
Growth — 1
Rooted in
soil.
Floating
over soil.
With
roots.
Floating
over soil.
1 Without
1 roots.
Cm.
Cm. !
i Cm.
1 I
10.6
5.9
5.4
7.3
7.4
7.8
3
7.1
7.1
5.0
4
7.5
7.8
6.9
5
8.0
5.7
6.2
6
10.6
6.1
6.8
7
8.2
7.1
6.4
6.2
6. 1
9
6.4
7.4
7.2
10
7.1
5.3
5.6
' Total
81.1
66.0
63.4
i Average ....
8.1
6.6
6.3
An examination of Table VIII shows that there was little
difference between the growth of the floating plants with and
without roots. This would seem to indicate that roots are of
no advantage to Elodea if they are growing in the same solution
in which the plants are floating.
The growth of the rooted plants was considerably greater than
that of the floating ones. This could be explained readily on the
ground already mentioned, and so these plants afford no evidence
as to whether or not the roots are of advantage to Elodea as
absorbing organs.
In order to test the value of roots as absorbing organs it
seemed necessary to find a soil which contained nutrient salts
but little or no organic matter. These requirements seemed to
be met by a soil found at the base of a gyanite cliff and formed
by the disintegration of the granite. Much of this soil had been
weathered to the consistency of clay. For comparison with this
soil clean washed quartz sand of a high degree of purity was also
used as a substratum.
On the 5th of April a series of four three-liter jars was pre-
pared. A layer of soil 4 cm deep was placed over the bottoms
of two and a similar layer of sand in the other two. Ten
plants 10 cm in length were then put in each jar. The plants
in one jar containing soil and in one containing sand were held
VIII, C, 1
Broivn: Groivth of Elodea
17
against the substratum by small glass rods so that the plants
could become rooted. In the other jars they were allowed to
float at the surface. CO, from a generator was passed through
the water in all of the jars for from ten to fifteen minutes several
times each day. At the same time another series was pre-
pared which was similar to this except that no CO, was passed
through the water. The growth of the plants for a period of
twenty days in the series in which CO, was added to the water is
given^ in Table IX, and the growth of the plants in the other
series for the same period in Table X. These two tables are
summarized in Table XL
Table IX. — Growth of Elodea in water to which CO- was added.
Growth —
No. of plant.
Rooted
in soil.
Rooted
in sand.
Floating
over soil.
Floating
over sand.
1
Cm.
15.5
Cm.
12.8
Cm.
13.4
Cm.
11.1
2
11.2
14.8
13.0
15.4
3
13.7
12.7
16.4
19.6
4
13.1
12.6
13.5
12.1
1 5
13.1
1,5.8
13.9
15.1
6
13.1
14.2
13.8
13.9
7
12.3
17.6
12.6
15.1
8
12.2
17.4
13.4
14.0
9
16.3
13.0
14.8
9.9
10
11.5
9.7
13.5
16.9
j Total
132.0
140.6
138.3
143.1
Average.. ...
13.2
14.1
13.8
14.3 1
Table X. — Growth of Elodea in water to which CO- laas not added.
Growth —
i
1 No. of plant.
1
Rooted in
soil.
Rooted in
sand.
Floating [
over soil.
Floating
over sand.
Cm.
C)ii.
5.5
Cm.
5.3
Cm.
4.3
1 2 .
3.4
0.5
3. 1
6.9
! 3
4.0
3.1
6.5
5.5
1 4
2.5 .
1 2.5
7.8
6.7
i 5 .
1.7
3.7
5.9
9.3
! 6
3.8
2.1
3.2
8.5
7
2.9
3.7
4.0
3.2
8
4.8
4.5
6.1
0.4
I 9...
3.6
3.0
2.7
5.3
' 10
2.8
2.6
6.1
5.4
‘ Total
31.3
31.2
i 50.7
55. 5
Average ... .
3. 13
3. 12
5. 07
1
5. 55
114854 2
18 The Philippine Journal of Science
Table XL — Summary of Tables 9 and 10.
Position of plant duringr growth.
Average growth, in
cm, of plants in
water through
which —
CO2 was
passed.
CO2 was
not
passed.
Cm,
Cm.
Rooted in soil . .. .. „ . .. .. ,
13.2
3.1
Anchored over soil _ _
13.8
5.1
Rooted in sand . .... _ .
14.0
3.1
j Anchored over sand . . ...
14.3
5.1
An examination of Table IX shows that there was very little
difference between the plants in any of the jars through which
CO2 was passed. The floating plants averaged a little greater
growth than the rooted ones, but the difference may well be
within the limits of experimental error. It is to be noted that
the roots of the rooted plants developed an abundant growth of
root hairs while these were entirely absent in the case of the
floating plants. The surface of the root system of the rooted
plants was therefore many times greater than that of the floating
ones. Since, however, the floating plants grew slightly better
than the rooted ones it would seem that under the conditions of
this experiment the rooted condition was of no advantage to
the plants, while this experiment, together with those previously
described, would appear to show that the function of absorption
can be performed by the leaves or stems independently of the
roots.
Very few roots were developed on the plants in the jars through
which CO2 was not passed. The results given in Table X show
that in these jars there was very little difference between the
plants over the substratums of sand and soil. The floating
plants, however, showed a considerably greater growth than did
those held against the substratum. This may readily be ex-
plained as due to the floating plants being nearer to the air which
was the only source of COo.
Table XI shows that while there was very little difference
between the rate of growth of the plants in any of the jars
through which COj was passed that all of these plants made a
very much greater growth than any of those in the jars through
which CO2 was not passed. The growth of the latter plants
was, moreover, very spindling, and the increase in length was
not as rapid as the death at the cut ends. These plants were,
therefore, actually shorter at the end than at the beginning
VIII, c,
Broivn: Groivth of Elodea
19
of the experiment; while the plants in the jars through which
CO2 was passed showed no signs of dying at the cut ends.
This again emphasizes the important influence which variations
in the percentage of CO, exert on the growth of this plant.
Results essentially similar to those given in Tables VIII to
XI were obtained in another series of experiments which were
practically identical with those just described. The details are
omitted as they show nothing new.
Pond " found that several species of submerged aquatics
grew much better when rooted in a good soil than when anchored
over the same soil and concluded that they could not survive a
single season, if denied a substratum of soil. These results are
in harmony with those given in Table VIII. The explanation
would seem to be that the roots act as anchoring organs holding
the plants near the soil which serves as a source of CO„ rather
than that they are necessary for the absorption of nutrient
salts, the rooted condition proving of no advantage to the plants
when the substratum did not give off COo. It is of course
possible that roots may be of advantage as absorbing organs
under other conditions than those tried in these experiments
or for other submerged aquatics, but it would seem pi’obable
that their chief function, in the case of plants similar to Elodea,
is that of anchorage. The rooting of the plants of Elodea cer-
tainly does not seem to be essential for their healthy growth
when they are furnished with an abundant supply of CO.,.
Kofoid after making careful quantitative determinations
of the plankton in a number of lakes concluded that “the amount
of plankton produced by bodies of fresh water is, other things
being equal, in some inverse ratio proportional to the amount
of its gross aquatic vegetation of the submerged sort.” He at-
tributes the scarcity of plankton in lakes containing submerged
vegetation to a number of causes, but chiefly to the removal
from the water, by the larger aquatics, of a great part of the
available food material.
In a discussion of Pond’s experiments by Reighard and Pond *
these authors concluded that, if Pond’s observations are correct,
submerged aquatics when rooted not only act as a mechanical
support for algae, but also play an important nutritive role by
“Kept. U. S. Comm. Fish and Fisheries 29 (1905) 483-526.
Kofoid, C. A. The Plankton of the Illinois River, 1894-1899, with
Introductory Notes on the Hydrography of the Illinois River and its Basin.
Part I. Quantitative investigations and results. Bull. Illinois State Labo-
ratory of Natural History 6 (1903) 95-629.
20
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
taking nutrient salts from the soil and organizing them into
vegetable matter. “Upon the decay of the vegetable matter this
food material is believed to pass into solution in the water. It
should there nourish the plankton algae.” Reighard and Pond
ascribe Kofoid’s results to the fact that the vegetation with
which he was dealing was largely Ceratophyllum, and therefore
not rooted.
The experiments with Elodea would seem to show that such
a plant would compete with the plankton algae for both CO, and
nutrient salts and would therefore be very detrimental to their
growth. This is in agreement with the results obtained from
experiments with algae; see Brown “ ; and with the conclusions
reached by Kofoid.
SUMMARY
Sufficient CO, to keep Elodea growing or even alive does not
diffuse from the air into the water at Baltimore during the
winter and spring months.
The substratum may serve as an important source of CO,.
Elodea is not dependent on its roots for the absorption of
nutrient salts.
A solution of eosin may rise in the vessels of a cut stem of
Elodea at the rate of 4.2 cm a minute. This appears to be due
to certain physical factors and does not show that the roots are
of advantage as absorbing organs.
The chief function of the roots seems to be that they anchor
the plants to the substratum, which may be of great advantage
to the plants when the soil contains organic matter and gives
off CO,. This appears to explain the fact that plants rooted in
a good soil grow better than those anchored over the same
substratum.
When CO, was not given off by the soil used in the experiments
but was supplied from a generator the rooted and floating plants
grew about equally well. When similar soils were used and no
CO, supplied from a generator the floating plants grew better
than the rooted ones. In this case the air was the chief source
of CO2.
It would seem that under natural conditions variations in the
amount of CO, in the water are more likely to affect the growth
of Elodea than variations in the percentage of nutrient salts in
solution.
Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 13 (1911) 323-341.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. 'Botany.
Vol. VIII, No. 1, February, 1913.
FACTORS INFLUENCING FUNGUS SUCCESSION ON DUNG
CULTURES
By William H. Brown and Paul W. Graff
{From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory,
Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I.)
The phenomenon of succession, or the gradual replacement of
one association of plants by Another, is of widespread occurrence
and probably effects the distribution of almost all kinds of plants.
Owing, perhaps, to the greater prominence of the vascular plants,
the phenomenon has been studied chiefly in connection with these ;
but it is by no means confined to them. It is a well-known fact
that a number of fungi occur in a rather definite succession on
horse dung when placed in a moist chamber. The first to appear
usually belong to genera of the Mucoraceae. These die down and
are followed by a variety of forms which vary with the conditions.
In Manila this stage is usually represented by the genera Oospora,
Botrytis, Sordaria, and others in less quantity. After this several
species of Coprinus usually appear and may continue to produce
fruit bodies for a considerable period. The succession is fre-
quently much more complicated than that outlined above.
Successions of flowering plants are frequently due to geologic
factors such as the weathering or erosion of the soil. In other
cases, the primary causes of a succession consist of changes in
purely physical factors produced by its first members. Exam-
ples are the increasing of the water-holding capacity of soils by
the accumulation of vegetable matter and the binding of wind-
blown sand. It would seem evident that neither of the above
classes of factors could be operative in the case of the succession
here considered.
There are, however, a number of theories which are frequently
advanced in explanation of the succession of vascular plants ; and
which, on theoretical grounds, might be considered as possibly
applicable to successions such as the one described above. Some
of the most prominent of these may be mentioned. The death
of the first plants of a succession is frequently caused by the
competition of those representing a later stage. In this case the
21
22
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
success of the latter plants may be due to the fact that the
first have altered the soil in such a manner that it will support
them. Many writers have advocated the view that when one
plant grows on a soil for a considerable length of time it removes
certain nutritive substances to such an extent that it is no longer
able to make a vigorous growth. Others have held that plants
excrete substances which are toxic to the species which excretes
them, but may not produce harmful effects in other plants.
These last two hypotheses have naturally frequently been used
to explain the same phenomena. Another factor which might
affect successions of either vascular plants or fungi is the growth
of microorganisms in the soil. In the case of the succession
under consideration it is also necessary to consider the possible
effect of the drying out of the substratum. The object of the
present paper is to decide which, if any, of the above hypo-
theses will furnish a solution of the cause of the succession of
fungi on dung cultures.
The work here reported was carried on at the Bureau of
Science, Manila from January to June, 1912.
EXPERIMENTATION
On the 29th of January a collection of horse dung was made
from the streets of Manila. Twenty cakes were placed in the
sun and left until their outer surfaces became slightly dry, after
which they were distributed, five in each of four covered glass
dishes. By the next day there were signs of two mucors which
later proved to be Mucor racemosa Fres., and Absidia caerulea
Bain. On the second day there was a fair growth of both molds
and slight signs of Oospora sp. By the third day the two mucors
had made their maximum growth which, however, was not very
vigorous. The Oospora continued to increase in abundance for
several days longer. On the fourth of February, at the end of
six days, Coprinus stercorianus Fr. and C. plicatilis Fr. appeared
in the cultures. By this time the growth of the mucors had
decreased markedly and they died out three days later. The
Oospora disappeared a few days after the molds, while the fruit
bodies of the two species of Coprinus continued to be produced
for two months, which was as long as the cultures were kept.
During the latter part of this period other fungi appeared in
the cultures but in minor quantities.
Twelve other cultures were run with dung obtained from the
stable of the Bureau of Science. The results in all cases were
essentially similar to those just described. In some of the dishes
only one of the mucors appeared, while in one, the two were
vm, c, 1
Brotvn and Graff: Fungus Succession
23
accompanied by a species of Pilobolus. In a few cases species
of Botrytis and Sordaria appeared along with Oospora, while
other species of Coprinus sometimes took the place of those
previously mentioned. The succession described in detail thus
appears to be characteristic of what may be expected to occur
in Manila and was therefore made the basis of further work.
Pure cultures of each of the five fungi were kept growing on
agar, the fungi being transferred to fresh tubes as often as
was necessary to keep them in good condition. All inoculations
made in the experiments were from these pure cultures. The
dung used was obtained from the stable of the Bureau of Science
and so should have been substantially similar in all cases.
Since the mucors were the first of the fungi both to appear
and disappear the experimehts were directed largely toward dis-
covering the cause of their early death. The first question con-
sidered was the possibility of this having been due to toxins
which the plants themselves might have excreted. In order to
test this six cakes of dung were placed in each of four covered
glass dishes. The dishes and dung were then sterilized to kill all
organisms contained in them. This was accomplished by heat-
ing in an autoclave for fifteen minutes at 120° under a pressure
of one kilo. On the 7th of February two dishes were inoculated
with Mucor racemosa and two with Ahsidia caerulea. On the
third day after inoculation the growth of the mucor was in
every case much greater in all dishes than that which had oc-
curred in any of the unsterilized cultures and continued to be
healthy for eight weeks. After this the substratum dried out
and they gradually ceased growing but appeared to be alive at
the end of another month. Twelve other sterile cultures were
run at various times in Erlenmeyer flasks the bottoms of which
were covered with a layer of dung 2 cm deep. These gave
results very similar to those just described. It is to be noted
that the mucors on the sterile dung were still alive even after
the substratum had apparently become air dried while those on
unsterilized dung always disappeared completely in less than
ten days. This, together with the much more vigorous appear-
ance of the former, would seem to show that the death of the
molds in the original cultures could hardly have been due to
toxins which they excreted. It would also appear that these
facts exclude the idea that the mucors could have used all of
the food material which was suitable for them.
The results in the original cultures could moreover not have
been due to differences in the amount of water in the substratum.
24
The Philip'pine Journal of Science
1913
It was noted that fresh dung which had not been allowed to dry
out to some extent, before being placed in covered dishes, never
produced any mucors even when inoculated with the spores or
hyphae. Moreover, when unsterilized dung, even after being
slightly dried, was mashed, mixed, and placed in an Erlenmeyer
flask the growth of molds which appeared on it was always
very scanty. This also appeared to be due to an excess of mois-
ture, for a slight drying does not greatly affect more than the
superficial layers and the mixing of the mashed dung causes a
redistribution of the moisture. It would appear, however, that
the presence of the moisture is in itself not the cause of the
detrimental effects observed, for a vigorous growth of molds was
always produced on sterilized dung, and while it was found that
sterilizing in an autoclave producecf only slight changes in the
amount of moisture it did increase it. The probability is that
the excessive amount of moisture favored the growth of other
organisms which were detrimental to the growth of the mucors.
This point will be discussed later. It is to be noted further that
sterilized dung, even when fairly dry, produced a luxuriant
growth of mucors and that they persisted on it until the dung
was apparently thoroughly air dry, while they always disap-
peared from the unsterilized dung in less than ten days and while
it was still quite moist.
The experiments already mentioned having apparently elimi-
nated the possibility of the mucors causing their own death in
the original cultures by either excreting toxins or using up all
of the available food supply, it became advisable to test the effect
of the growth of the other fungi on both of the molds. This was
done on dung in Erlenmeyer flasks. This method proved to be
particularly convenient as infections could easily be prevented,
and so it was used almost exclusively in subsequent experiments.
Fresh dung was collected, dried slightly, then mashed and thor-
oughly mixed, and a layer about 2 cm deep placed in the bottoms
of the flasks. The mouths of the flasks were then plugged with
absorbent cotton. Two of the flasks were kept as checks and
the others sterilized by heating in an autoclave for fifteen min-
utes at 120° under a pressure of one kilo. This same method
was always followed when Erlenmeyer flasks were employed.
In order to test the effect of the growth of the fungi on Ah-
sidia caeridea, fourteen 600 cc flasks were prepared as above on
the thirteenth of March. Two were kept as checks and twelve
sterilized. The latter were inoculated in duplicate on March
18th, as follows: 1, Absidia caeridea; 2, A. caerulea and Mucor
VIII, c,
Broivn and Graff: Fungus Succession
25
racemosa; 3, A. caerulea and Oospora sp. ; 4, A. caerulea and
Coprinus stercorianus ; 5, A. caerulea and Coprinus plicatilis; 6,
all five of the fungi mentioned above.
The growth in the unsterilized checks was quite similar to
that in the unsterilized cultures previously described. There
was a growth of mucors followed by Oospora and this in turn by
Coprini. The growth of the mucors and Oospora was very
scanty and disappeared in less than ten days.
The mucors and Coprini, with whicih the sterile dung was in-
oculated, commenced to grow immediately and in three days
there was a vigorous growth of both. The growth of Oospora
was not visible as soon as that of the other fungi, owing prob-
ably to its small size. The mucors reached their maximum
development in five, and the Coprini in ten days. The growth
of the individual fungi was in every case much greater than in
any unsterilized check, while the total growth on the sterilized
was always many times greater than on the unsterilized dung.
There were so few hyphae in the unsterilized dung that they
might easily have been overlooked on superficial examination,
while in the sterilized they were so abundant that a compact
felt was produced. In the fiasks containing the Coprini this
was so dense even after drying that water poured on the surface
of the felt did not penetrate into the interior. All of the fungi
moreover remained alive until after the substratum had appar-
ently become air dry. Since Absidia caerulea grew very much
better when grown on sterilized dung with any of all of the
other fungi than it did in any of the unsterilized checks, and
showed no signs of dying except with the drying out of the
substratum, it would seem that neither any nor all of these fungi
could have produced the deleterious effect observed. The vigor-
ous growth of Mucor racemosa with all of the other fungi would
indicate that the same thing was true in the case of this species,
while the vigorous growth of the Coprini would, likewise,, seem
to show that the sterilization of the substratum was favorable
to the vegetative development of these. They, however, pro-
duced very few fruit bodies, which would seem to be due to the
vigorous growth of the, hyphae having exhausted the substratum
of food or moisture, before reaching the fruiting stage.
The growth of Absidia caerulea on the sterilized substratum
appeared to be inversely proportional to that of the other fungi.
It ferew best when alone ; next with Oospora which is a small and
slow growing fungus; and poorest when with all of the other
four fungi. Mucor racemosa is a much larger and more rapidly
26
The Philippine Journal of Science
ms
growing species than Ahsidia caeriilea and with it A. caerulea
made a poorer growth than with any other single fungus. The
Coprini finally produce a very rank growth, but at first are slow
growing, which would seem to account for the fact that with
them Ahsidia caerulea made a better growth than with Mucor
racemosa. Owing to the slight difference in the appearance of
the various fungi it is difficult to compare the total amount of
hyphae in the flasks but it is doubtful if this varied far from
the average in any of theiff.
These cultures of Ahsidia caerulea alone and with the other
fungi show quite clearly that there may be a sharp competition
between the various fungi growing in succession on dung, but at
the same time they show equally clearly that this competition
cannot explain the behavior of this mold on unsterilized dung.
Another series similar to that last described was run in
duplicate in 450 cc Erlenmeyer flasks. The results appeared to
be in every way similar to those just described except that the
fungi were less vigorous in the 450 cc flasks than in those holding
600 cc. This difference in vigor was probably connected with
the amounts of food and air available in the two sizes of flasks.
The experiments already reported having apparently proved
that the early disappearance of Ahsidia caeridea in unsterilized
cultures could not have been due to the presence of the other
fungi considered, it remained to be seen if the same thing would
hold for Mucor racemosa. On the 14th of March fourteen 600 cc
flasks, containing dung, were prepared as described in the ex-
periments with Ahsidia caerulea, two being kept as checks and
12 sterilized. The checks showed a succession similar to that
described for other unsterilized cultures. This consisted of
mucors followed by Oospora and this in turn by Coprini. The
growth of the mucors and Oospora was very scanty and disap-
peared completely in nine days.
The sterilized flasks were inoculated in duplicate as follows;
1, Mucor racemosa; 2, M. racemosa and Ahsidia caerulea; 3,
M. racemosa and Oospora sp. ; 4, M. racemosa and Copi'inus
stercorianus ; 5, M. racemosa and Coprinus plicatilis; 6, all of
the five just mentioned. The results obtained were quite similar
to those given in the case of Ahsidia caeridea.
The mucors and Coprini commenced to grow immediately and
in three days had made a vigorous growth. As in the cultures
of Ahsidia, the growth of Oospora did not become visible as
soon as the other fungi, probably owing to its small size. The
mucors apparently reached their maximum development on the
VIII, c, 1 Brown and Graff: F'ungus Succession 27
fifth and the Coprini on the tenth day. In every case the fungi
made a much greater growth than in the unsterilized flasks, and
continued to appear vigorous until after the substratum had
become air dry. In this case, as in the previous flasks with
Absidia caeridea, the growth of the hyphae of the Coprini was
so vigorous that dense felt-like masses were formed, whereas
these hyphae could not be distinguished in a superficial ex-
amination of the unsterilized cultures, the presence of the Coprini
being recognized only by their fruit bodies.
The total growth of hyphae was many times greater in all
of the sterilized flasks than in any of the unsterilized ones. As
in the case of Absidia caerulea, the amount of growth made by
Mucor racemosa varied inversely to that of the other fungi.
The greatest growth of Mucor racemosa was obtained when it
was grown alone, the next best with the small and slow growing
Oospora, and the poorest with all of the other fungi. The
growth with Absidia caerulea, Coprinus stercorianus and C.
plicatilis was about equal and intermediate between that with
Oospora and with all. It is probable that the total amount of
growth did not vary greatly in any of the flasks.
Series similar to the above were run in duplicate in both 450
and 1,000 cc flasks. The results obtained from these appeared
to be entirely similar to those just given, except that the indi-
vidual fungi made a greater growth in the 600 cc than the 450 cc
flasks and a still greater growth in those holding 1,000 cc. As
in the case of the preceding series, this was probably due to the
different amounts of food and air present in the different flasks.
The experiments with Mucor racemosa show that when this
species is grown with other fungi there is a sharp competition
which results in a retardation of its growth but at the same
time the results do not explain its behavior in the unsterilized
cultures. In the latter it made a very spindling growth and
always disappeared in less than ten days vv^hile when grown on
sterile dung with any or all of the fungi considered the growth
was many times as great as on the unsterilized media and,
moreover, continued to be vigorous until the substratum had
apparently become air dry.
The experiments, so far reported, would seem to show that
the succession of the fungi on the unsterilized dung was not due
to any of three causes which are probably most frequently
offered in explanation of the successions of higher plants, these
being; the depletion of nutrient materials by the first plants
of the succession ; by the plants producing toxins which cause
28
The Philippme Journal of Science
their own disappearance; by the competition of the later plants
of a succession when the substratum is prepared for them.
They also show that variations in the moisture content of the
substratum are not responsible for the succession.
The order in which the fungi become visible in the unsterilized
cultures would appear to be due to their various rates of growth
and not to some having started before the others. The mucors
on sterilized media grow rapidly and fruit in three days.
Oospora grows much more slowly and so does not become visible
until after the molds. The difference in the rates of growth of
these fungi on agar in test tubes is very striking. In three days
the mucors fill the tubes while in the same time Oospora makes
only a slight growth. The hyphae of the Coprini grow rapidly
from the first on sterilized dung, while they can be distinguished
only with difficulty in unsterilized cultures. In either case it
takes them about ten days to fruit. It will thus be seen that
their presence in unsterilized cultures would not be recognized
until they had fruited or, in other words, not for ten days.
The difference in the growths obtained on sterilized and
unsterilized dung would seem to show that the disappearance of
the mucors and Oospora in the latter case was due to micro-
organisms in the substratum. Probably the chief effect of steril-
izing is the killing of all of the organisms. We have seen that
the changes in the moisture content of the dung are insignificant,
and it is not likely that the food supply is altered sufficiently to
explain the results. A great variety of niicroorganisms occur in
the dung in large numbers. These would certainly compete with
the fungi for food and oxygen and in all probability would also
excrete toxic substances which would be detrimental to them.
If these microorganisms are allowed to remain in the dung for
ten days it will not support the Mucors even when inoculated
with them. If now it is sterilized with either steam, chloroform
or formalin, which three methods were tried, it will again
support a vigorous growth of fungi. The steam might cause
the volatilization of toxic organic compounds but it is not likely
that the latter would be destroyed by both chloroform and
formalin. From this it would seem that the removal of the
competition of the microorganisms is sufficient to prevent the
early disappearance of the molds, but it is also quite probable
that the microorganisms excrete substances which are harmful
to the fungi although definite proof of this is lacking.
From the foregoing it is evident that the order in which the
fungi appear in unsterilized cultures is due to their different
vm, c, 1
Broivn and Graff: Fungus Succession
29
rates of growth, and the disappearance of the miicors and
Oospora to the presence of microorganisms in the substratum.
The Coprini appear to be more resistant to the effect of the
microorganisms although the growth of their vegetative hyphae
is greatly disminished.
The deleterious effects which the microorganisms have on the
growth of the fungi under consideration is apparently quite
similar to their action on vascular plants. The fungi may them-
selves excrete toxic compounds but the effect of such substances
must be small when compared with that of the microorganisms.
SUMMARY
The succession of fungi on dung cultures in Manila is very
similar to that reported from temperate regions. Typically it
consists of Mucors followed by Oospora and in turn by Coprini.
The Mucors and Oospora disappear in less than ten days while
the fruit bodies of the Coprini are produced over a considerable
period.
The order in which the fungi become visible is probably due
to their different rates of growth, while the disappearance of the
Mucors and Oospora is connected with the presence of micro-
organisms in the substratum.
The fungi considered may excrete toxic substances, and in all
probability diminish the food supply, but neither of these
factors appear to be influential in causing the succession. When
the mucors are grown on sterilized dung they make a growth
many times greater than on unsterilized and, moreover, continue
to appear vigorous until after the substratum is apparently air
dry.
The competition of the other fungi considered, causes a restric-
tion in the growth of the mucors on sterilized dung. This
restriction is, however, so slight as to apparently exclude the
idea that such a competition may be the cause of the death of
the molds in the unsterilized cultures.
As the substratum dries, all of the fungi cease growing but
there is no evidence that this factor affects one species sooner
than the others, and it is certainly not responsible for the death
of the mucors on unsterilized media.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
Vol. VIII, No. 1, February, 1913.
STUDIES ON PHILIPPINE RUBIACEAE, I
By E. D. Merrill*
{From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of
Science, Manila, P. I.)
One plate.
The present paper consists mainly of diagnoses and descrip-
tions of presumably previously undescribed forms, thirty-five
species in thirteen genera being characterized. One genus,
Acranthet'a, is definitely recorded from the Archipelago, al-
though its occurrence here has already been mentioned by Mr.
Elmer. Some notes on nomenclature are included, and a few
new combinations have been made in view of the provisions as
to priority in the accepted code of botanical nomenclature.
In the genus Nauclea the current conception of its limits has
been accepted, but it is worthy of note that Nauclea of modern
botanists is scarcely the Nauclea of Linnaeus. Depending en-
tirely on an interpretation of just what is the type of the Lin-
nean genus, it seems probable that those species now classified
under Sarcocephalus will have to be transferred to Nauclea and
that Bancahts 0. Kuntze will have to be accepted for Nauclea
of all modern authors, not of Linnaeus.
Notwithstanding the large amount of work that has been done
on Philippine Ritbiaceae within the past ten years, especially by
Mr. Elmer, and to a less degree by myself, a relatively large num-
ber of forms, many of which are apparently undescribed, still
remain to be studied in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science,
while additional new ones are being constantly received as ex-
ploration progresses. It seems to be apparent that in the total
number of species the Ruhiaceae will rank second in the list of
Philippine families, being exceeded only by the Orchidaceae.
Many of the species are of common occurrence in the Archipel-
ago, and are of very wide extra-Philippine distribution, but a
very high percentage, especially the sylvan forms, are very local
in occurrence, and the percentage of endemism, for the family
as a whole, is rather high.
* Associate Professor of Botany, University of the Philippines.
31
32
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
ACRANTHERA Arnott
ACRANTHERA P H I LI PP I N E NSIS sp. nov.
Suffruticosa, simplex, usque ad 60 cm alta, infra prostrata,
omnibus partibus plus minusve pilosis ; foliis oblongis vel oblong-
obovatis, chartaceis, usque ad 25 cm longis, acutis vel late brevis-
sime acuminatis, basi decurrento-acuminatis, nervis utrinque
circiter 10 ; cymis terminalibus, amplis, dense multifloris, bracte-
is circiter 2.5 cm longis; floribus 4- vel 5-meris, roseis, circiter
1.5 cm longis; fructibus anguste oblongis, 2 cm longis, lobis
accrescentibus coronata.
An ascending, suffrutescent, unbranched plant 60 cm high or
less, the stems usually prostrate below, subterete, densely pilose
with pale-brownish or grayish hairs. Leaves oblong or oblong-
obovate, chartaceous, 10 to 25 cm long, 3 to 10 cm wide, the
lower surface somewhat paler than the upper when dry, both
surfaces with scattered pilose hairs, the lower one also densely
pilose on the midrib and lateral nerves, apex acute or very
shortly and broadly acuminate, the base narrowed, decurrent-
acuminate ; nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, prominent
beneath, curved-ascending, the reticulations rather lax; petioles
densely pubescent, 2 to 7 cm long; stipules ovate, pubescent,
about 2.5 cm long. Cymes terminal, densely many flowered,
pilose, 7 to 10 cm in diameter, the bracts pubescent, oblong,
acuminate or acute, about 2.5 cm long, 1 cm wide, the bracteoles
similar but smaller, not involucrate. Calyx-tube of nearly ma-
ture buds oblong, densely villous, about 4 mm long, the lobes
pink, 4 or 5, oblong, about 8 mm long, 2 to 3 mm wide.
Corolla-tube 6 to 7 mm long, the lobes broadly ovate, rounded,
white, about 3 mm long. Anthers linear, 6 mm long. Fruit
narrowlj^ oblong, villous, about 2 cm long, 3 to 4 mm in diameter,
villous, crowned by the persistent, accrescent calyx-lobes which
are oblong, 1 to 1.5 cm long, 3 to 6 mm wide.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Merrill 8309 (type),
November 27, 1911, in ravines along small, streams, altitude 700 to 900 m,
Williams 2357, February, 1905.
The genus is new to the Philippines, although Williams’ specimen was
determined to the genus by Doctor C. B. -Robinson, but nothing further
was done with it as the corolla was lacking. It appears to be well
characterized by its ample cymes, its 5-, more rarely 4-merous flowers,
and its accrescent calyx-lobes. It has somewhat the general appearance
of Acranthera zeylanica Arn., but does not appear to be closely allied
to that species.
vm, c, 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Ruhiaceae, 1 33
HEDYOTIS Linnaeus
HEDYOTiS CAUDATA sp. nov.
Frutex erectus (vel scandens?) glaber, ramulis obtuse angu-
latis; foliis chartaceis, nitidis, ovatis vel oblongo-ovatis, usque
ad 12 cm longis, petiolatis, apice caudato-acuminatis, nervis
utrinque 7 vel 8, baud prominentibus ; stipulis brevibus, lacin-
iatis; inflorescentiis paniculatis, laxis; floribus circiter 5 mm
longis, bracteolis ciliatis.
An erect or scandent glabrous shrub, the branchlets slender,
green, somewhat quadrangular, the angles rounded, the inter-
nodes 6 to 10 cm long. Leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, charta-
ceous, somewhat shining, rather pale, and of about the same
color on both surfaces when dry, 6 to 12 cm long, 3 to 4 cm
wide, base acute, apex rather slenderly caudate-acuminate ; nerves
7 or 8 on each side of the midrib, not prominent, the reticula-
tions obscure; petioles 5 to 10 mm long; stipules 4 to 5 mm
long, laciniately 3- to 5-toothed, the teeth narrow, prominently
pubescent. Inflorescence paniculate, terminal and in the upper-
most axils, sessile and branched from the base, or peduncled, lax,
the branches usually 4 at each node, spreading, the branchlets
also arranged in threes or fours. Flowers white, their pedicels
3 to 5 mm long, subtended by oblong to oblong-ovate, prominently
ciliate, 1 to 1.5 mm long bracteoles, the bracts of the ultimate
branchlets linear, 3 to 4 mm long, ciliate, those of the primary
branches similar but twice as long and glabrous. Corolla-tube
about 2 mm long, glabrous on both surfaces, the lobes 4, oblong,
obtuse, 2.5 mm long. Calyx glabrous, somewhat urceolate, about
2.5 mm long, 4-lobed, the lobes oblong, acuminate, about 1.5 mm
long. Filaments slender, exserted; anthers narrowly oblong,
1.2 mm long. Fruit unknown.
Luzon, without definite locality, Loher 6il9.
A species perhaps most closely allied to Hedyotis scandens Roxb., which
extends from India and Burma to southern China, but with differently
shaped leaves, quite different stipules, more lax inflorescence, and the
corolla quite glabrous, not bearded within.
HEDYOTIS HUMILIS sp. nov.
Suffruticosa, erecta, glabra, 30 ad 60 cm alta, hand ramosa,
caulibus teretibus, circiter 3 mm diametro, partibus junioribus
distincte 4-angulatis ; foliis lanceolatis, 4 ad 5 cm longis, acumin-
atis, utrinque subaequaliter angustatis, nervis lateralibus sub-
obsoletis ; inflorescentiis axillaribus, longe graciliter pedunculatis,
paucifloris, 7 ad 12 cm longis; corolla 6 mm ionga, intus villosa.
114864 S
34
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
An erect, unbranched, glabrous, suffrutescent plant, or an
undershriib, 30 to 60 cm high. Stems terete, brownish, about
3 mm in diameter, the younger parts distinctly 4-angled. Leaves
lanceolate, membranaceous, equally narrowed and acuminate at
both ends, 4 to 5 cm long, 1 to 1.5 cm wide; lateral veins very
slender, scarcely visible to the naked eye, 3 or 4 on each side of
the midrib, sometimes obsolete or subobsolete; petioles slender,
3 to 8 mm long; stipules lanceolate, 5 to 6 mm long, pectinate,
the lobes linear, 2 to 3.5 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, long-
and slenderly peduncled, paniculate, few-flowered, 7 to 12 cm
long, lax, the bracteoles lanceolate, acuminate, 4 to 5 mm long,
the pedicels slender, 5 to 8 mm long. Calyx-tube somewhat
ovoid, about 2 mm long, the lobes 4, lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm
long. Corolla white, 6 mm long, villous inside, the lobes 4,
ovate, acute, 2 mm long. Anthers included, 1.5 mm long. Cap-
sule narrowly obovoid, 2.5 to 3 mm long, base acute, calyx-lobes
persistent.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Mount Mahinog, in the mossy forest, Bur. Sci.
H691 Ramos, April, 1912.
A very characteristic species, recognizable by its habit, its small size,
lanceolate nearly nerveless leaves, lax inflorescence, and long peduncles.
It somewhat resembles Hedyotis rhinophylla Thw., in gross characters,
but is not closely allied to that species, which, among many other characters,
differs from Hedyotis humilis in its terminal, not axillary inflorescence.
HEDYOTIS PHANEROPHLEBIA ^p. nov. § Diplophragma.
Frutex glaber, ut videtur erectus, ramis teretibus vel obscure
angulatis, internodiis brevibus, stipulis laciniato-pectinatis ; foliis
oblongo-ovatis, chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, petiolatis, acuminatis,
usque ad 9 cm longis, nervis utrinque 5 vel 6, prominentibus,
adscendentibus ; inflorescentiis terminalibus, laxis, paniculatis,
paucifloris; fructibus circiter 7 mm longis.
An erect glabrous shrub, the branches rather stout, subterete
or obscurely angled, pale, smooth. Leaves oblong-ovate, charta-
ceous or subcoriaceous, somewhat shining when dry, 5 to 9 cm
long, 2 to 3 cm wide, acuminate, base acute; nerves 5 or 6
on each side of the midrib, very prominent, sharply ascending;
petioles about 1 cm long; stipules about 1 cm long, prominently
laciniate-pectinate, the narrow lobes 3 to 5 mm long. Inflores-
cence terminal, paniculate, rather lax, 8 cm long or less, the
branches opposite, the branchlets also in pairs. Flowers white,
their pedicels 6 to 15 mm long, subtended by linear-lanceolate
bracteoles, about 6 mm long, 1 mm wide. Calyx 6 mm long,
the tube funnel-shaped, base acute, the lobes oblong-lanceolate,
acuminate, about 3.5 mm long, reticulate-nerved. Corolla about
VIII, c. 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Ruhiaceae, I 35
6 mm long, white, becoming black in drying, the lobes oblong-
ovate, as long as the tube, densely villous on their inner sur-
faces. Anthers 2 mm long. Capsules ovoid, about 4 mm long,
crowned by the persistent calyx-lobes, the whole capsule about
7 mm in length, the capsule proper splitting septicidally into
two dehiscent, 1- (or few-) seeded cocci.
Mindanao, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. U552
Mearns & Hxitchinson, May, 1906, altitude about 1,800 m, in forests.
A species well characterized by its laciniate-pectinate stipules, its very
prominently nerved leaves, and its comparatively large capsules, the calyx
being especially notable.
HEDYOTIS RAMOSII sp. nov.
Herba subprostrata, ramis elongatis, omnibus partibus plus
minusve ciliato-hirsutis ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis vel late lanceo-
latis, chartaceis vel submembranaceis, acuminatis, basi acutis vel
obtusis, usque ad 5 cm longis, nervis utrinque 4 vel 5, adscenden-
tibus ; stipulis connatis, longe ciliato-laciniatis ; cymis axillaribus,
brevibus, sessilibus vel brevissime pedunculatis, floribus 4-meris,
calycis lobis lanceolatis, 1.2 mm longis.
A subprostrate or spreading, apparently annual herb, the
branches elongate, up to 60 cm in length, often rooting at the
lower nodes, the stems 2 mm thick or less, subterete or obscurely
angled, ci Mate-hirsute. Leaves oblong-lanceolate to broadly lan-
ceolate, chartaceous or submembranaceous, rather dark-colored
when dry, the lower surface a little paler than the upper, 2.5
to 5 cm long, 7 to 15 mm wide, with scattered, brownish hairs
on the upper surface, the lower surface prominently ciliate-hispid
on the midrib and lateral nerves, the apex acuminate or sharply
acute, the base acute or obtuse; lateral nerves 4 or 5 on each
side of the midrib, ascending, not very prominent, the reticu-
lations obsolete ; petioles 1 to 3 mm long, hirsute ; stipules mem-
branaceous, connate, ciliate-hirsute, 1 cm long or less, the free
parts very broadly triangular-ovate, with from 7 to 10, filiform,
ciliate segments 2 to 7 mm in length. Cymes axillary, sessile or
shortly peduncled, ciliate-hispid, rather dense, few-flowered, the
flowers 6 to 10 in each cyme, the bracts lanceolate, acuminate,
1.5 mm long, the pedicels about 2 mm long. Calyx ciliate-hispid,
the tube more or less urceolate, about 1 mm long, the lobes 4,
oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 1 to 1.2 mm long. Corolla about
2 mm long, the lobes ciliate-hispid. Capsule obovoid, about 1.2
mm long, slightly ciliate-hispid, crowned by the persistent calyx-
lobes.
Leyte, mountains back of Dagami, Bur. Sci. 1.5337 Ramos, August, 1912,
in forests.
36
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
A species apparently allied to Hedyotis connata Wall., but among many
other characters distinguishable by its indumentum. It has much the
general appearance of H. auricularia L., but differs in many essential
characters.
HEDYOTIS SUBEVENOSA sp. nov.
Frutex glaber circiter 1 m altus, erectus, ramis teretibus,
ramulis obscure rotundato-angulatis ; foliis oblongis vel late
oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, basi acutis, usque ad 13 cm
longis, nervis utrinque circiter 6, obscuris, reticulis obsoletis;
petiolo 3 ad 5 mm longo; paniculis terminalibus et in axillis
superioribus, laxis, circiter 6 cm longis, ramis verticillatis ;
floribus circiter 5 mm longis.
An erect, glabrous shrub, about 1 m high, the stems grayish,
terete, the branchlets also terete or obscurely obtuse-angled.
Leaves oblong to broadly oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, pale, of
the same color on both surfaces and somewhat shining when
dry, 6 to 13 cm long, 2 to 4 cm wide, narrowed at both ends,
base acute, apex acuminate; nerves about 6 on each side of the
midrib, very slender, faint, not at all prominent, the reticulations
obsolete; petioles 3 to 5 mm long; stipules ovate, 5 mm long or
less, somewhat acuminate, usually about 3-toothed or 3-cleft at
the apex. Inflorescence paniculate, rather lax and open, terminal
and in the uppermost axils, 4 to 6 cm long, usually branched
from the base, the branches and branchlets verticillate. Flowers
white, the pedicels 1 to 2 mm long, the bracteoles shorter than
the pedicels. Calyx about 2 mm long, somewhat urceolate, the
lobes 4, oblong-ovate, obtuse, 0.8 mm long. Corolla-tube a.bout
1.5 mm long, the lobes oblong-ovate, obtuse or subacute, 1.5 to 2
mm long. Capsule ovoid, 3 mm long.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, Weber 1563 (type). For.
Bur. 19619 Curran, Bur. Sci. 1^503 Ramos, January, 1912, said to be
common in forests, altitude 180 to 250 meters.
A species well characterized by its small flowers and its petioled, pale,
nearly nerveless leaves. It is similar in many respects to Hedyotis acut-
angula Champ, of southern China, but has petioled leaves and terete stems.
From Hedyotis vachellU Benth. it differs in its smaller flowers and toothed
stipules.
HEDYOTIS PROSTRATA (Blume) Korth. in Nederl. Kruidk. Arch 2~
(1851) 160; Valeton in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 44 (1909) 544. (var.
robustior). (Plate I.)
Metabalos prostratus Bl. Bijdr. (1826) 991.
Doctor Valeton considers Hedyotis congesta R. Br. in Wall. Cat. (1829)
No. 844, nomen, G. Don Gen. Syst. 3 (1834) 525, to be a synonym of
Hedyotis prostrata (Blume) Korth., and refers to the species Elmer 9153
(not A15S as cited), a Philippine specimen that I have not seen. I have
viii, c, 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, 1 37
no doubt but that it is the common and widely distributed local form that
has for the most part been determined and distributed as Hedyotis congesta
R. Br. In order more definitely to determine the status of Hedyotis
prostrata (Blume) Korth., I requested the Director of the Rijks Her-
barium to compare Blume’s type with recently collected Philippine material,
and to inform me as to whether or not the Philippine and Javan material
represented the same species. Instead of making the comparison he kindly
loaned me two Javan sheets collected and named by Blume as Metabolos
prostrata, one of which is presumably Blume’s type. Both sheets man-
ifestly represent the same species, and a photograph of one of them is
reproduced herewith. Blume’s specimens are very closely matched by a
number of Philippine plants, and there is little doubt but that a single
variable species is represented. If, however, the species is to be considered
as a collective one, the oldest valid specific name is Hedyotis philippensis
(Willd.) Merr., which, as Spermacoce, antedates Blume’s Metabolos pros-
trata by about one year.
Of the species involved, I have, at one time or another, examined the
types of Spermacoce philippensis Willd., Metabolus laevigatas DC. (Selero-
coccus laevigatas Barth, Hedyotis laevigatas Miq.), Spermacoce meyeniana
Walp., and Metabolos prostrata Blume. I have not seen the type of
Hedyotis congesta R. Br., but there is little doubt but that Valeton is
correct in his reduction of this species to Hedyotis prostrata (Blume)
Korth.
HEDYOTIS PHILIPPENSIS (Willd.) Merr. ex C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ.
Sci. 6 (1911) Bot. 222.
Spermacoce philippensis Willd. ex Spreng. Syst. 1 (1825) 401; Miq.
FI. Ind. Bat. 2 (1856) 333; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 113 (phil-
ippinensis) .
Metabolas laevigatas DC. Prodix 4 (1830) 436.
Sclerococcas laevigatas Barth ex DC. 1. c. in syn.
Hedyotis laevigatas Miq. Fh Ind. Bat. 2 (1856) 178.
This species is closely allied to Hedyotis prostrata (Blume) Korth.,
of Java and Borneo, and differs chiefly in its erect habit and its slightly
scabrid leaves. A whole series of Philippine specimens that have largely
been determined as Hedyotis congesta R. Br., show all stages of variation
from the perfectly glabrous form, described by Walpers as Spermacoce
meyeniana, and very close to Hedyotis prostrata Korth., to the slightly
scabrid leaves and branchlets of H. philippensis.
Fairly typical Hedyotis philippensis (Willd.) Merr., is represented by the
following specimens, which, for the most part, are found at ’nigher altitudes
than the quite glabrous form considered below under the .variety
meyeniana :
Luzon, without definite locality, “Malaspina” (type in herb. Willdenow) ;
Haenke (type of Metabolas laevigatas Barth, herb. Prag.) ; Bengmet Sub-
province, Bur. Sci. 24-81, 2528, 2787 Meamis, For. Bur. 4912 Curran,
Merrill 7707: Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 6204 Rob-
inson, For. Bur. 1578, 1583 Borden, Elmer 6822, Merrill 3243, 3894;
Province of Pampanga, Mount Arayat, Merrill 3929: Province of Nueva
Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 8182 Ramos, For. Bur. 19040 Madamba. Negros, Can-
laon Volcano, Merrill 7280.
38 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
Var. MEYENIANA (Walp.) comb. nov.
Spermacoce meyeniana Walp. in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843)
Suppl. 1:353; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 113.
This form is very similar indeed to the species, H. philippensis, but
its leaves and branchlets are entirely smooth and glabrous. It approaches
very closely to Hedyotis prostrata (Blume) Korth., and is doubtless the
Philippine form referred to the latter species by Valeton,^ who cites,
by error, Elmer Itl33 instead of 9153, a specimen I have not seen. See
above under H. prostrata. The question as to whether or not Spermacoce
meyeniana Walp., is absolutely identical with Hedyotis prostrata Korth.,
will have to be left to the future monographer who may have an op-
portunity of making direct comparisons of the types.
Hedyotis philippensis var. meyeniana (Walp.) Merr., is represented
by a large series of specimens, as follows: Luzon, Province of Isabela,
Bur. Sci. 7 97 It Ramos: Province of Zambales, Bur. Set. Jt758 Ramos:
Province of Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. Jt896 Ramos: Province of Laguna,
Meyen (type in herb. Berol.), Bur. Sci. 97 U3 Robinson, For. Bur. 13319
Tamesis: Province of Rizal, Loher 6358: Province of Bataan, Mount
Mariveles, For. Bur. 3061, 122i, 2379 Borden, Whitford 212, Williams
622, Copeland 287, Merrill 3753, Phil. PL 779 Merrill. POLILLO, Bur. Sci.
6832 Robinson. MINDORO, For. Bur. 8837, 9953, 12137 Merritt. Negros,
Whitford lltOk- Basilan, For. Bur. iOOS Hutchinson, Bur. Sci. 9988 Rob-
inson.
Many of the above specimens have been determined and distributed as
Hedyotis congest a R. Br., a manifestly allied species, which Valeton has
reduced to H. prostrata Korth.
Var. ASP ERR IMA var. nov.
A typo difFert foliis pallidioribus ramulis foliisque utrinque
dense minuteque asperulis.
Palawan, Malampaya Bay, Merrill 7252 (type) . Culion, Merrill U87 ,
Jf31t, December, 1902, in dry forests and thickets.
The leaves are so exceedingly scabrid that the form has been designated
as above, although it may prove to be worthy of specific rank.
HEDYOTIS COSTATA (Roxb.) Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 45= (1876)
135.
Spermacoce costata Roxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) 10, nomen; FI. Ind. 1
(1832) 370.
Metabolus lineatus Bartl. in DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 435, non Hedyotis
lineatus Roxb.
Hedyotis vestita R. Br. in Wall. Cat. (1829) no. 847, nomen; G. Don
Gen. Syst. 3 (1834) 526.
Metabolus caeruleus Blume Bijdr. (1826) 992, non Hedyotis coeruleus
W. & A.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Holman 86; San Antonio, Bur.
Sci. 10991 Ramos: Province of Rizal, Loher 634.9, Bur. Sci. 3352, 5209
Ramos. Palawan, Merrill 5248. Culion, Merrill 541-
Roxburgh’s specific name costata is the oldest valid one for this widely
’Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 44 (1909) 544.
VIII, c, 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, 1 39
distributed species, and is here adopted, following Kurz. Both as a nomen
nudum (1814), and as a valid publication (1832) it antedates the similar
uses of the specific name vestita. Two other early names. Metabolus
lineatus Bartl. (1830), and Metabolus caeruleus Blume (1826), are in-
validated in Hedyotis by other authors having already used both names
for different species. The use of Hedyotis costata R. Br. in Wall. Cat.
No. 6198, dates from 1831 or 1832, but does not invalidate H. costata
Kurz, as it is only a nomen nudum.
IXORA Linnaeus
IXORA PILOSA sp. nov.
Frutex, ramulis subtus foliis inflorescentiisque valde ciliato-
pilosis ; foliis lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, acuminatis,
usque ad 15 cm longis, basi obtusis, breviter petiolatis; inflores-
centiis terminalibus, laxis, paucifloris, floribus 4-meris, bracteo-
latis, corollae tubo ciliato, 11 mm longo.
A shrub, the branchlets, lower surface of the leaves, petioles,
and inflorescence prominently ciliate-pilose. Leaves lanceolate
to oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, 9 to 15 cm long, 2 to 3.5 cm
wide, base somewhat narrowed, obtuse, apex distinctly acum-
inate, brownish when dry, the upper surface slightly shining,
somewhat ciliate when young, glabrous when mature, the lower
surface slightly paler, prominently ciliate-pilose on the midrib,
nerves, and primary reticulations, the hairs pale, spreading;
nerves 10 to 12 on each side of the midrib, prominent beneath,
anastomosing, the reticulations lax ; petioles pilose or pubescent,
about 5 mm long; stipules setaceous, pilose, 8 to 10 mm long.
Cymes terminal, peduncled, lax, few-flowered, all parts prom-
inently ciliate-pilose, the peduncles usually 3 cm long, dichot-
omous, the branches spreading; bracts and bracteoles linear-
lanceolate, acuminate, about 2 mm long; pedicels about 8 mm
long. Calyx ovoid, ciliate, about 2.5 mm long, the teeth 4,
oblong-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 1 mm long. Corolla-tube
about 11 mm long, 1 mm in diameter, cylindric, outside prom-
inently ciliate with spreading hairs, the lobes spreading, revolute,
when spread out about 6 mm long, 2.2 mm wide, obtuse; fila-
ments exserted about 3 mm.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Tagacauayan, Bur. Sci. 13371 Ramos,
March, 1911.
A strongly marked species, differing from all the Philippine forms
in its pubescence, and especially in its ciliate corolla-tube.
IXORA PROPINQUA sp. nov.
Frutex glaber 3 and 4 m altus; foliis oblongis, chartaceis vel
subcoriaceis, petiolatis, usque ad 15 cm longis, in siccitate baud
nitidis, apice obtusis, basi acutis, nervis utrinque 10 ad 13,
40
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
distinctis ; inflorescentiis terminalibus, cymosis, niultifloris ; flor-
ibus 4-meris, rubris, bracteolatis, calycis brevibus, dentibus
obtusis, quam tubus brevioribus, corollae tubo 4 cm longo.
A glabrous shrub 3 to 4 m high, the branches terete, brownish,
smooth. Leaves oblong, 8 to 15 cm long, 3 to 5 cm wide, char-
taceous or subcoriaceous, of the same color on both surfaces
when dry, scarcely shining, the apex blunt, rarely nearly acute,
not at all acuminate, base acute; nerves 10 to 12 on each side
of the midrib, spreading, anastomosing near the margin, distinct,
the reticulations evident, rather lax; petioles 5 to 10 mm long;
stipules broad, about 4 mm long, shortly acuminate. Inflores-
cence cymose, terminal, the panicle, excluding the corollas, 7
cm long or less, with numerous short branches, the bracts
tl’iangular-ovate, acuminate or acute, about 2.5 mm long, the
pedicels 3 mm long or less, each with a pair of bracteoles similar
to the bracts but about 1.5 mm long. Calyx above the bracteoles
subcylindric, 3.5 to 4 mm long, the lobes 4, broadly ovate to
subreniform, rounded, 1 to 1.2 mm long. Corolla red, showy,
the tube slender, cylindric, about 4 cm long, 1.5 mm in diameter,
the lobes 4, spreading, elliptic-ovate, acute or somewhat acumi-
nate, about 10 mm long, 5 to 5.5 mm wide, prominently reticulate-
veined. Style exserted about 2 mm, the arms stout, recurved,
about 1 mm long. Anthers 2.5 mm long, exserted. Fruit
unknown.
Mindanao, Sax River Mountains, back of San Ramon, Merrill 825U,
November, 1911, in damp forests, altitude about 800 m.
A species manifestly closely allied to Ixora fulgens Roxb., of the
Malay Peninsula and Archipelago, differing in a comparatively small
degree. The most notable differences are that the leaves are not shining,
not at all acuminate but merely blunt or at most acute, and the stipules
have a short, not elongate point. My conception of Ixora fulgens Roxb.,
is based on King’s interpretation of the species," not that of Hooker f.,"
the latter’s description of Ixora fulgens applying to Ixoi-a lobbii Loud.,
fide King 1. c.
NAUCLEA Linnaeus
NAUCLEA CORDATULA sp. nov.
Arbor parva, glabra vel subglabra ; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-
ovatis, coriaceis, usque ad 20 cm longis, basi late rotundato-
cordatis, apice latissime rotundato-acuminatis vel obtusis, supra
nitidis, subtus pallidioribus, nervis utrinque 11, subtus prom-
inentibus; pedunculis ternatis, ad apicem bibracteatis, bracteis
oblongis, 5 mm longis, caducis; capitulis (in alabastro) globosis,
1 ad 1.5 cm diametro, calycibus baud concretis, ebracteolatis.
= Journ. As. Soc. Beng. 73 = (1904) 79. = FI. Brit. Ind. 3 (1880) 146.
VIII, c, 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, I 41
A small tree, glabrous or nearly so. Branches grayish, some-
what compressed, sparingly lenticellate, the younger ones very
obscurely puberulent. Leaves oblong to oblong-ovate, 15 to 20
cm long, 5 to 8 cm wide, coriaceous, somewhat brownish when
dry, the upper surface shining, the lower a little paler and dull,
base broadly rounded-cordate, only a little narrowed below the
middle, the sinus about 3 mm deep, the lateral lobes very broad,
rounded, apex veiy broadly rounded-acuminate or obtuse ; lateral
nerves 11 on each side of the midrib, prominent on the lower
surface, very obscurely anastomosing, the reticulations not prom-
inent; petioles 5 to 10 mm long, when young obscurely puber-
ulent; stipules oblong, rounded, about 1 cm long, slightly pubes-
cent, deciduous. Peduncles terminal, in threes, about 4 cm long,
very obscurely puberulent or nearly glabrous. Heads (in bud)
globose, 1 to 1.5 cm in diameter, yellowish-brown when dry,
subtended by two, oblong, pubescent, early deciduous bracts which
are about 5 mm in length; bracteoles none. Calyx-tubes not
united, rather densely pale-hirsute, the tips of the calyx-lobes
densely puberulent, yellowish-brown.
Cebu, Pugalason, For. Bur. 22219 Cenabre, December, 1910, on ridges,
altitude about 1,000 meters, locally known as hainbabalog.
A rather strongly marked species, characterized by its leaves being
broadly rounded-cordate at the base, oblong, and blunt or very broadly
blunt-acuminate at the apex, most closely allied to Nauclea bartlingii
DC. and N. vidalii Elm.
NAUCLEA PUBERULA sp. nov.
Arbor parva, ramulis junior ibus pedimculis petiolis subtus
foliisque minute griseo-puberulis; foliis chartaceis, oblongo-
ovatis, usque ad 22 cm longis, breviter latissime acuminatis vel
obtusis, basi rotundatis vel acutis, nervis utrinque 8 ad 10;
capitulis solitariis ternatis vel paniculatis, in anthesi circiter
3.5 cm. diametro, floribus ebracteolatis.
A tree, the young branchlets, petioles, peduncles, and the lower
surfaces of the leaves, at least on the midrib and nerves, min-
utely grayish-puberulent. Branches terete, light-gray, glabrous.
Leaves oblong-ovate, chartaceous, 11 to 22 cm long, 4 to 11 cm
wide, the base rounded or acute, the apex very broadly blunt-
acuminate or obtuse, the upper surface glabrous, subolivaceous
when dry, slightly shining, the lower somewhat paler and
somewhat brownish-yellow; lateral nerves 8 to 10 on each side
of the midrib, prominent, faintly anastomosing, the primary
reticulations slender, distinct, rather lax, subparallel; petioles
1 to 3 cm long; stipules deciduous, not seen. Peduncles up to 5
42 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
cm in length, solitary, in threes, or the central one trichotomously
branched and bearing three heads, minutely puberulent, with
scars of fallen bracts near their apices within 5 mm or less of
the head. Heads globose, in bud densely gray-pubescent, in an-
thesis about 3.5 cm in diameter, the flowers ebracteolate. Calyx
3.5 to 4 mm long, ferruginous-hispid at the base, then nearly or
quite glabrous, the upper 1.5 mm somewhat expanded and densely
hirsute inside and out, the deciduous lobes densely pubescent.
Corolla in anthesis narrowly funnel-shaped, 8 mm long, black
when dry, quite glabrous, including the lobes, the lobes 5, oblong-
ovate, obtuse, 2.5 mm long. Anthers 2 mm long. Styles
exserted.
Luzon, Province of Sorsogon, Sorsogon, Elmer 7319 (type), November,
2905, distributed as Nauclea nitida Havil. Mindoro, near Calapan, For.
Bur. 7355, July, 1907, collector not indicated, locally known as bagodilao.
A species sufficiently well characterized by its minutely puberulent
branchlets, peduncles, petioles, and lower surfaces of its leaves which have
a yellowish-brown tinge when dry. The material available is not good,
the type being rather poorly prepared, and the one other specimen seen
in young bud only. Both specimens manifestly represent the same form,
and are quite distinct from all our other material in the genus.
NAUCLEA OVATA sp. nov.
Arbor parva, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra; foliis ovatis,
usque ad 16 cm longis, obtuse acuminatis, basi rotundatis, supra
valde nitidis, subtus pallidioribus, nervis utrinque 7 ad 9;
pedunculis solitariis vel binis, 4 ad 5 cm longis, apice bracteatis,
bracteis parvis, deciduis; capitulis circiter 3.5 cm diametro,
floribus ebracteolatis, calycis tubo irregulariter lacerato-dentato.
A tree, 20 m high fide Ramos, glabrous except the inflores-
cence. Branches terete, reddish-brown, rather slender. Leaves
ovate, coriaceous, 9 to 16 cm long, 5 to 9 cm wide, the apex very
broadly and obtusely acuminate, the base broad, rounded, some-
times very slightly decurrent, the upper surface very strongly
shining, the lower much paler, dull ; lateral nerves 7 to 9 on each
side of the midrib, prominent, anastomosing, the reticulations
slender, distinct, both the reticulations and nerves reddish-
brown in contrast to the rather pale lower surface of the leaves ;
petioles 1 cm long; stipules not seen, very early deciduous.
Peduncles solitary or in pairs, 4 to 5 cm long, glabrous, 2-brac-
teate at their apices, the bracts oblong, about 5 mm long, pubes-
cent, very early deciduous. Heads, in flower, about 3.5 cm in
diameter, white or yellowish. Flowers ebracteolate, the calyces
free, the tube about 3 mm long, slightly pubescent, the limb
after the fall of the lobes irregularly lacerate-toothed, somewhat
vm, c. 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, 1 43
hirsute, the deciduous lobes narrowly club-shaped, 3 to 4 mm
long, pubescent. Corolla 7 to 8 mm long, nearly glabrous,
slightly enlarged upward, the lobes 5, oblong-ovate, obtuse, 1.5
mm long, slightly pubescent externally. Styles exserted about
6 mm; stigmas subglobose.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. H597 Ramos, April 27, 1912, in forests
along streams near the old volcano.
A well marked species, characterized by its ovate, strongly shining,
rather few nerved leaves and by its irregularly lacerate-toothed calyx-
limb.
NAUCLEA KENTII sp. nov.
Arbor glabra (floribus ignotis) ; folds oblong-obovatis, usque
ad 32 cm longis, coriaceis vel subchartaceis, nitidis, apice
breviter acuminatis, deorsum leviter angustatis, basi 2 ad 3 cm
latis, abrupte rotundato-cordatis, nervis utrinque circiter 13,
prominentibus ; pedunculis terminalibus, solitariis, 5 ad 7 cm
longis, capitulis fructicantibus globosis, 2.5 ad 3 cm diametro.
A glabrous tree, size not indicated. Branches grayish, sub-
terete or somewhat compressed, wrinkled when dry, the inter-
nodes frequently swollen and hollow, inhabited by colonies of
ants. Leaves oblong-obovate, coriaceous or subchartaceous, 20
to 32 cm long, 7 to 14 cm wide, the apex distinctly acuminate,
slightly narrowed from above the middle to the abruptly
rounded-cordate base, the base 2 to 3 cm wide, the sinus rather
shallow, the lobes rounded, both surfaces shining, the lower a
little paler than the upper; lateral nerves about 13 on each side
of the midrib, prominent, somewhat ascending, straight below,
curved and anastomosing towards their apices, the reticulations
rather lax, distinct; petioles 1.4 to 2 cm long; stipules oblong,
blunt, about 2.8 cm long, membranaceous, deciduous. Peduncles
terminal, solitary, 5 to 7 cm long. Flowers unknown. Heads
in fruit globose, 2.5 to 3 cm in diameter, the capsules about 14
mm long, their apices truncate, hirsute, about 3 mm in diameter,
often depressed at the apex, the seeds very numerous, somewhat
pubescent, narrowly winged at both ends, including the wings
3 to 3.5 mm long.
Basilan, Bur. Sci. ISUhO (type), 16137 Reillo, August, 1912, in forests.
Distinguishing characters of this species are its comparatively large
leaves which are slightly narrowed from above the middle to the abruptly
rounded-cordate base. The hollow branchlets, inhabited by ants, are not
peculiar to the species but are found in several other representatives
of the genus in the Philippines. Named in honor of Mr. Kent of the
Bureau of Forestry, through whose interest I was enabled to send a collector
to Basilan to work with his party.
44
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
NAUCLEA MINDANAENSIS sp. nov.
Arbor parva, 5 ad 10 m alta, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra
vel subtus foliis parce pubescentibus ; foliis oblongo-obovatis ad
oblongo-oblanceolatis, usque ad 20 cm longis, acuminatis, infra
angustatis, basi abrupte rotundato-cordatis, nervis utrinque
circiter 11, prominentibus ; pedunculis solitariis, 3 ad 5 cm
longis, capitulis (in anthesi) 4 ad 5 cm diametro.
A small tree, glabrous or nearly so. Branches grayish, terete,
wrinkled when dry, glabrous. Leaves oblong-obovate to oblong-
oblanceolate, rarely obovate, coriaceous, 12 to 20 cm long, 3.5
to 9 cm wide, shining when dry, the lower surface a little paler
than the upper one and sometimes slightly pubescent on the
midrib and nerves, the apex distinctly acuminate, narrowed
from about the middle to the abruptly rounded or rounded-
cordate base, the base 1 to 2 cm wide; lateral nerves about 11 on
each side of the midrib, prominent, obscurely anastomosing, the
reticulations slender, rather distinct, somewhat lax; petioles 5
to 10 mm long; stipules oblong, obtuse, 2 to 2.5 cm long. Pe-
duncles solitary, terminal, 3 to 5 cm long. Heads globose, in
anthesis 4 to 5 cm in diameter, the bracts, if present, very early
deciduous and at the ai)ices of the peduncles. Calyces free, 3
mm long, angled, the tube truncate, pubescent at the apex, the
bracteoles none. Corolla about 1.5 cm long, the tube slender,
gradually widened upward, glabrous, 5-lobed, the lobes oblong-
ovate, obtuse, 1.5 mm long, somewhat pubescent externally.
Styles exserted about 8 mm, the stigmas obovoid.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Siay River, For. Bur. 13385 Fox-
worthy, DeMesa, & Villamil, May 29, 1912; San Ramon, Copeland 1630
(type), February, 1905, Williams 2H8, February, 1905. Basilan, For.
Bur. 3972 Hutchinson, January, 1906.
A species manifestly allied to Nauclea kentii Merr., and possibly the
flowering stage of that species, although this is unlikely. It differs from
that species in its much smaller leaves, and somewhat fewer nerves.
NAUCLEA MONOCEPHALA sp. nov.
Arbor parva capitulis exceptis glabra; foliis oblongo-ellipticis
ad oblongo-ovatis, usque ad 25 cm longis, coriaceis, brevissime
obtuseque acuminatis vel obtusis, basi rotundatis vel subacutis,
nervis utrinque 8 ad 10; pedunculis solitariis, 5 cm longis, ad
apicem bracteatis ; capitulis in anthesi 6 cm diametro, calycis lobis
pubescentibus, 7 mm longis, deciduis, floribus ebracteolatis.
A small tree, about 6 m in height, glabrous except the heads.
Branches reddish-brown, terete, wrinkled when dry. Leaves
coriaceous, oblong-elliptic to oblong-ovate, 17 to 25 cm long, 8
to 12 cm wide, or the uppermost pair only about 12 cm long,
VIII, c. 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, I 45
brown when dry, slightly shining, the lower surface paler than
the upper, the apex obtuse or very broadly and shortly blunt-
acuminate, the base rounded or subacute, sometimes slightly
inequilateral; lateral nerves 8 to 10 on each side of the midrib,
prominent, anastomosing, the reticulations lax; petioles 1 to
2.5 cm long; stipules caducous, not seen. Heads terminal, soli-
tary, their peduncles about 5 cm long, with distinct bract-scars
near their apices, just befoi’e anthesis 3 cm in diameter, the
close-packed projecting calyx-lobes yellowish, pubescent, heads in
anthesis 6 cm in diameter. Flowers ebracteolate. Calyx-tube 3
mm long, the lower one-half nearly glabrous, the limb pubescent,
irregularly lobed by the persistent, 1 to 2 mm long bases of the
lobes, the lobes at anthesis very narrowly club-shaped, yellowish,
rather densely pubescent above, about 7 mm long, deciduous.
Corolla 12 to 14 mm long, glabrous, slightly widened upward,
the lobes 5, oblong-ovate, rounded or obtuse, 2 mm long. An-
thers included, 2 mm long. Style exserted; stigma ovoid.
Luzon, Province of Zambales, Botolan, Merrill 2980, June, 1903, speci-
mens collected by S. Garcia.
In spite of its very differently shaped leaves probably as closely allied
to Nauclea reticulata Havil., as to any other species. Another manifest
ally is N. jagori Merr., which has very narrow leaves.
NAUCLEA VENOSA sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 5 m alta, inflorescentiis exceptis glabra; foliis
usque ad 17 cm longis, crasse coriaceis, oblongo-ovatis, utrinque
subconcoloribus nitidisque, breviter acuminatis, basi late rotun-
datis vel subcordatis, nervis utrinque circiter 16, valde promi-
nentibus; pedunculis solitariis; capitulis (fructibus juvenilibus)
2.5 cm dianietro, calycis lobis 5, lineari-spatulatis, pubescentibus,
2 ad 3 mm longis.
A tree about 5 m high, glabrous except the inflorescence.
Branches reddish-brown, the younger ones strongly compressed.
Leaves oblong-ovate or broadly oblong-ovate, thickly coriace-
ous, 10 to 17 cm long, 5 to 8 cm wide, sometimes somewhat
falcate, the apex distinctly and sharply acuminate, the base
broadly rounded or slightly cordate, brownish and shining on
both surfaces when dry; lateral nerves about 16 on each side of
the midrib, very prominent, the reticulations subparallel, slen-
der, distinct; petioles 2.5 to 3 cm long; stipules not seen. Pedun-
cles solitary, stout, 1.5 to 2.5 cm long, apparently bracteate at
about the middle, judging by the scars (bracts not seen) . Heads
globose, in young fruit 2.5 cm in diameter, very dense, the flowers
ebracteolate. Calyx free, the tube glabrous, 5 to 6 mm long, the
46
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
apex pubescent, as are the linear-spatulate or slenderly club-
shaped, 2 to 3 mm long lobes. Corolla about 10 mm long, gla-
brous, the lobes 5, narrowly oblong, obtuse, about 3 mm in
length.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur. 9183 Whitford
& Hutchinson, January, 1908.
A strongly marked species, distinguishable by its very thickly coriaceous,
prominently veined, oblong-ovate leaves.
OLDENLANDIA Linnaeus
OLDENLANDIA OVATIFOLIA (Cav.) DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 427.
Hedyotis ovatifolia Cav. Ic. 6 (1801) 52, t. 753.
Oldenlandia nudicauUs Roth Nov. PI. Sp. (1821) 95; Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 3 (1880) 70.
The oldest valid name for this species is here accepted. The species
is represented by the following Philippine material: Luzon, Province of
Bataan, Lamao River, Merrill 3303, Williams 65, 12i: Province of Laguna,
Los Baiios, Hallier s. n.
India to the Malay Peninsula and Java.
OPHIORRHIZA Linnaeus
OPHIORRHI2A UNDULATA sp. nov.
Planta erecta, simplex vel leviter ramosa, circiter 15 cm alta,
caulibus brunneo-pubescentibus ; foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis,
margine undulatis, usque ad 9 cm longis, subtus pallidis ; floribus
paucis, ebracteolatis, circiter 4.5 mm longis; capsulis 4 mm longis,
8 mm latis.
An erect, simple or slightly branched herbaceous plant about
15 cm high, the stems slender, distinctly pubescent with short,
more or less curled, brownish hairs. Leaves lanceolate, about
equally narrowed at both ends, acuminate, base acute or acu-
minate, those of each pair very unequal in size, the larger ones
3 to 9 cm long, 0.7 to 1.7 cm wide, their petioles about 1 cm
long, the smaller ones 1.5 to 3.5 cm long, 4 to 8 mm wide, sub-
sessile or shortly petioled, margins undulate, the upper surface
da.rk-olivaceous when dry, the lower pale-green or somewhat
whitish. Flowers terminal, few, white, ebracteolate, their pedi-
cels about 1 mm long. Calyx ovoid, 1.5 mm long, the teeth 5,
linear-lanceolate, 0.8 mm long. Corolla white, tubular, the tube
about 3 mm long, slightly enlarged at the base; lobes oblong,
obtuse, 1.5 mm long. Filaments 2 mm long, slender; anthers
oblong. Capsule compressed, about 4 mm long, 8 mm wide.
Mindanao, District of Davao, Mount Binutun, Weber 1H5, October 26,
1911, on banks of small streams in bamboo forests.
VIII, c, 1 Merrill: Shidies on Philippine Rubiaceae, I 47
A species well characterized by its narrow, undulate, lanceolate leaves
and small flowers. In vegetative characters quite different from our
other Philippine species.
MUSSAENDA Linnaeus
MUSSAENDA CHLORANTHA sp. nov.
Arbor 6 ad 8 m alta, omnibus partibus plus minusve adpresse-
hirsutis; foliis chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, late ovatis, breviter
acuminatis, 12 ad 16 cm longis, nervis utrinque circiter 12; in-
florescentiis terminalibus, hirsutis, corymbosis, multifloris; caly-
cis segmentis lanceolatis, acuminatis, 1 cm longis, uno petiolato,
late ovato, albo, 6 ad 7 cm longo ; corolla extus hirsuta, tubo
viride, lobis flavis.
A tree 6 to 8 m high. Branches somewhat compressed, red-
dish-brown, lenticellate, glabrous, the younger ones prominently
appressed-hirsute with brownish hairs. Leaves in equal pairs,
broadly ovate, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 12 to 16 cm long,
the upper surface glabrous or sparingly hirsute, the lower sur-
face appressed-hirsute on the midrib and lateral nerves, apex
shortly acuminate, base broad, rounded or somewhat decurrent;
lateral nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib, distinct, curved
upward; petioles hirsute, 1 to 4 cm long; stipules ovate to
oblong-ovate, densely hirsute, about 1 cm long. Inflorescence
terminal, corymbose, hirsute, densely many-flowered, 6 to 8 cm
long and wide, the bracts and bracteoles oblong to oblong-lan-
ceolate, 5 to 8 mm long. Calyx-tube about 6 mm long, densely
hirsute, the lobes lanceolate, acuminate, about 1 cm long, the
enlarged one petioled, white, its lamina broadly ovate, 6 to 8 cm
long. Corolla-tube hirsute, green, nearly or quite 2 cm long, the
lobes broadly ovate, yellow, spreading, about 7 mm long.
Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Mount Tong'lon, Phil. PL 770 Merrill,
May, 1911, in forests, altitude about 1,800 m.
A species quite distinct from the common low-country Mussaenda
philippica Rich., and probably most closely allied to M. niacrophylla Wall.,
from which it seems to be sufficiently different to be described as a distinct
species.
PAVETTA Linnaeus
PAVETTA BRACHYANTHA sp. nov.
Frutex vel arbor parva 3 ad 5 m altus, partibus junioribus
inflorescentiisque pubescentibus ; foliis chartaceis, oblongo-ellip-
ticis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, utrinque acuminatis, nitidis, 6 ad
12 cm longis, in siccitate nigricantibus ; corymbis multifloris,
pubescentibus, bracteis late ovato-orbicularibus, acuminatis, brac-
teolis flmbriatis; floribus albis, circiter 9 mm longis.
48
The Philip2nne Journal of Science
1913
An erect shrub or small tree 3 to 5 m high. Branches reddish-
or somewhat grayish-brown, smooth and shining, the branchlets
slightly pubescent. Leaves oblong-elliptic to oblong-lanceolate,
gradually narrowed at both ends and slender acuminate, straight
or slightly falcate, 6 to 12 cm long, 1.5 to 3.5 cm wide, shining,
turning quite black in drying, the upper surface glabrous, the
lower one slightly pubescent along the midrib and lateral nerves ;
nerves slender, about 8 on each side of the midrib; petioles 1 to
1.5 cm long, slightly pubescent; stipules up to 5 mm in length,
apiculate-acuminate. Inflorescence terminal, corymbose, many-
flowered, short-peduncled, 3 to 5 cm long, about as wide as long,
distinctly pubescent; bracts suborbicular-ovate, 5 to 7 mm long,
apiculate, the bracteoles deciduous, 2 to 4 mm long, fimbriate.
Flowers 4-merous, white, fragrant. Calyx urceolate or narrowly
campanulate, pubescent, about 3 mm long, the teeth oblong, acu-
minate, about 1 mm long. Corolla-tube 7 mm long, inner surface
and throat villous, the lobes narrowly oblong, twisted, spreading,
about 7 mm long and 2 mm wide. Anthers linear, 5 mm long.
Style long-exserted, about 2 cm long. Fruit ovoid or subglobose,
black when dry, about 6 mm in diameter.
Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Baguio, Williams 1177 (type), June, 1904,
lUUS, November, 1904; Mount Tonglon, Phil. PL 775 Merrill, May, 1911.
A very distinct species well characterized by its short flowers. It
has much the appearance of Pavetta indica L., so far as vegetative
characters are concerned, but is not at all closely allied to that species;
it is suggestive of Pavetta involucrata Thw., of Ceylon, but is very
different from that species.
PLECTRONIA Linnaeus
PLECTRONIA MONSTROSA A. Rich. Mem. Rub. (1830) 109; Mem. Soc.
Hist. Nat. Paris 5 (1834) 189.
Canthki'm mite Bartl. ex DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 474; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat.
2 (1856) 252; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 110.
Ronabea bipinnata Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 162.
Ronabea a.rboreu Blanco 1. c. ed. 2 (1845) 114.
Canthium arboreiim Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 119, 181.
Canthium bipinnatum Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 27 (1905) 53.
Plectronia mitis Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 28, 360.
This species is common and widely distributed in Luzon. There are at
present 21 specimens in the Herbarium of the Bureau of Science, all from
that Island, the Provinces of Isabela, Abra, Bontoc, Benguet, Ilocos Sur,
Union, Pangasinan, Zambales, Pampanga, Rizal, Bataan, Laguna, and
Batangas, being represented.
While the dates of publication of Plectronia monstrosa A. Rich., and
Canthium mite Bartl., are undoubtedly close, still it is a clear case of
vni, c, 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, I 49
priority for the former. Richard’s paper on the Rubiaceae was read in
July, 1829, which is the date on the title page, but the preface is dated
December 1, 1830, hence the inference is that it was not published before
1830. Plectro7iia monstrosa A. Rich., is not given by DeCandolle in his
monograph, which was also issued in 1830. However, Canthium lycioides,
published by Richard on the preceding page of the same publication, is
included by DeCandolle in his monograph,’ with proper page reference
to the original publication of Richard’s paper, hence it is evident that
Richard’s publication antedates DeCandolle’s.
Doctor C. B. Robinson has examined the type of Plectronia monstrosa
A. Rich., which is preserved in the Herbarium of the Paris Museum of
Natural History. He has supplied me with notes regarding it, and with
carbon “leaf-rubbings,” from which data, and the description, the identity
of the species is clear. Doctor Robinson states that there are two sheets
of the type collection (Perrottet), as well as three sheets of Gaudichaud
206, from the Philippines, and a specimen of Cuming 776 in the Paris
Herbarium, and that Cuming 776 represents the species well, except that in
Perrottet’s specimens there are abnormal outgrowths at the base of each
of the two branches. I have personally examined the type of Canthium
mite Barth, in the Prague Herbarium, and am convinced that Plectronia
monstrosa A. Rich., Canthium mite Barth, and C. arhoreum Vid., are all
the same species. The chief difference between the types of the first two
is in leaf-size, the former having smaller leaves than the latter, but in
shape, texture, venation, etc., as well as in other characters, they are quite
the same.
PLECTRONIA LEYTENSIS sp. nov.
Species P. viridi ut videtur affinis, difFert foliis minoribus
angustioribus et venis obscuris.
A shrub or small tree 10 m high fide Ramos, glabrous.
Branches slender, terete, smooth, yellowish-brown. Leaves lan-
ceolate, coriaceous, 3 to 7 cm long, 1 to 2 cm wide, the upper
surface shining when dry, the lower of about the same color
but dull, some of the vein-axils, at least, glandular, base some-
what decurrent-acuminate, apex slenderly subcaudate-acumi-
nate, the acumen more or less falcate; lateral veins about 5 on
each side of the midrib, slender, obscure, scarcely anastomosing,
the reticulations obsolete; petioles about 5 mm long; stipules 3
mm long, narrow, acuminate. Flowers unknown. Fruit axil-
lary, usually solitary, rarely two in each axil, pedicelled, narrowly
obovoid, 1 cm long, the apex rounded, the base acute, more or less
narrowed to the 5 mm long pedicel. Pericarp somewhat fleshy
when fresh, yellow, not or but very little compressed.
Leyte, mountains back of Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15383 Ramos, August, 1912,
in the mossy forest.
114864 4
’Prodr. 4 (1830) 475.
50
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
A species manifestly allied to Plectronia viridis Merr., and very similar
to it. The leaves, however, are smaller, quite different in shape, and the
venation is decidedly different.
PLECTRONIA FENICIS sp. nov.
Species ut videtur P. monstrosae valde affinis, differt venis
magis numerosis, utrinque circiter 8, fructibus multo majori-
bus, usque ad 2.5 cm longis.
A glabrous tree 8 to 10 m high, the ultimate branches some-
what compressed, brownish-olivaceous. Leaves oblong-ovate,
subcoriaceous, brittle when dry, somewhat shining, 10 to 15 cm
long, 4 to 8 cm wide, apex shortly acuminate, base somewhat
decurrent-acuminate; petioles about 1 cm long; stipules cadu-
cous, about 5 mm long; nerves about 8 on each side of the
midrib, distinct, faintly anastomosing, the reticulations indis-
tinct, lax. Flowers unknown, but the inflorescence apparently
similar to that of Plectronia monstrosa A. Rich {Canthium
arboreum Vid., Canthium mite Barth). Fruit ellipsoid to obo-
void, wrinkled when dry, brown-olivaceous, 2 to 2.5 cm long,
1.5 to 2 cm in diameter.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, Sablan, Bur. Sci. 12693 Fenix (type),
November 23, 1910, growing on slopes. A rather incomplete specimen from
Danao, Cebu, For. Bur. 6U2Jf Espinosa, may also be referable here.
A species manifestly allied to Plectronia monstrosa A. Rich., but at
once distinguished by its larger fruits, and its more numerous veins. In
Plectronia monstrosa the fruits are 1 cm long or less, while the leaves
usually have but 5 or 6 pairs of veins.
PLECTRONIA PEDUNCULARIS (Cav.) Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906)
28, 360.
Ca7ithium pedunculare Cav. Ic. 5 (1799) 21, t. U36; Blanco FI. Filip,
ed. 2 (1845) 116; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. 2 (1856) 256; Vid. Sinopsis
Atlas (1883) t. 57, f. H.
Canthium monoflorum Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 166.
Canthium lycioides A. Rich. Mem. Rub. (1830) 108, Mem. Soc. Hist.
Nat. Paris 5 (1834) 188; DC. Prodr. 4 (1830) 475; F.-Vill. Novis.
App. (1880) 110.
Plectronia lycioides Elm. 1. c. 28, 360.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity. Bur. Sci. 12207 Ramos, September, 1910,
Manotoc 91 ; Province of Bulacan, Malinta, Bur. Sci. 6122 Robinson &
Merritt: Province of Bataan, Lamao River, Merrill 25U5, For. Bur. 1221
Borden, Whitford iOl, Williams 78. Palawan, For. Bur. 3610 Curran,
Bur. Sci. 818 Foxworthy.
This species is common in dry thickets near Manila, and in the prov-
inces contiguous to the city; it does not appear, however, to be of common
distribution in the Philippines.
The original description of Canthiumi lycioides A. Rich, is short, but I
VIII, c, I Merrill: Studies on Philippine Ruhiaceae, I 51
had determined it to be the same as Plectronia peduncularis (Cav.) Elm.
In order to verify the matter Doctor C. B. Robinson kindly examined the
type in the herbarium of the Paris Museum of Natural History, and in-
forms me that it is undoubtedly the same species as Cuming H06 and
H37, both of which unquestionably are referable to Cavanilles’ species.
PLECTRONIA PAUCINERVIA sp. nov.
Frutex glaber 3 ad 4 m altus» ramulis junioribus plus minusve
resinosis ; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-ellipticis, coriaceis, utrinque
acuminatis, usque ad 16 cm longis, in siccitate supra nitidis,
brunneis, subtus pallidioribus ; nervis utrinque 5, prominentibus,
reticulis laxissimis vel obsoletis; fructibus aurantiacis, obovoi-
deis, circiter 7 mm longis, umbellatis; umbellis axillaribus, soli-
tariis, brevissime pedunculatis vel subsessilibus.
A glabrous shrub 3 to 4 m high. Branches terete, dark-colored
and smooth when dry, the younger parts and the buds more or
less resinous, shining, nearly black. Leaves oblong, coriaceous,
14 to 16 cm long, 5 to 6 cm wide, subequally narrowed and acumi-
nate at both ends, the upper surface very smooth and shining,
dark-brown when dry, the lower surface dull or very slightly
shining, yellowish-brown or pale-brown when dry; nerves 5 on
each side of the midrib, distant, curved-ascending, scarcely or
very faintly anastomosing, the reticulations very lax, often
entirely obsolete; petioles 1.5 to 2 cm long; stipules triangular-
ovate, slenderly acuminate, about 5 mm long. Flowers not seen.
Fruits obovoid, about 7 mm long, in axillary, solitary, short-
peduncled or subsessile umbels, about 5 in each umbel, their
pedicels about 8 mm long, the common peduncle stout, about
2 mm long.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains back of San
Ramon, Merrill 8263, November 29, 1911, in damp forests, altitude about
900 m.
A species well characterized by its short-peduncled, solitary, umbellate
inflorescence, and by its leaves with few nerves and practically obsolete
reticulations.
PSYCHOTRIA Linnaeus
PSYCHOTRIA CAGAYANENSIS sp. nov.
Arbor parva, circiter 5 m alta, inflorescentiis obscure parce
pubescentibus exceptis glabra ; foliis chartaceis, lanceolatis,
utrinque acuminatis, in siccitate plus minuSve pallidis nitidisque,
usque ad 16 cm longis, nervis utrinque circiter 13, anastomo-
santibus; paniculis terminalibus, sub fructu circiter 6 cm longis,
pyramidatis; fructibus obovoideis, circiter 8 mm longis, semi-
nibus dorso convexo vix sulcato.
52
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
A small tree about 5 m in height, glabrous throughout except
the slightly and obscurely pubescent panicles. Branches light-
reddish-brown, or somewhat grayish, terete, slightly striate when
dry. Leaves lanceolate to rather broadly lanceolate, chartaceous,
10 to 16 cm long, 2.4 to 4.5 cm wide, rather pale and somewhat
shining when dry, of about the same color on both surfaces,
gradually narrowed and acuminate at both ends, the apex sharply
acuminate; nerves about 13 on each side of the midrib, nearly
straight, somewhat ascending, anastomosing and forming a rather
faint, looped, submarginal nerve, obscure above, i-ather distinct
on the lower surface, the reticulations rather lax; petioles 1 to
1.4 cm long; stipules very short, truncate. Panicles terminal,
subpyramidal, rather lax, in fruit about 6 cm long, shortly pedun-
cled, the lower branches spreading, 2.5 cm long, obscurely pubes-
cent. Flowers unknown. Fruits obovoid, about 8 mm long,
5.5 to 7 mm in diameter, apex rounded, base gradually narrowed,
the pericarp when dry not ridged, or very faintly so, the seeds
plano-convex, not at all ridged or sulcate.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Casambalangan, For. Bur. 15^91 Ber-
nardo, April, 1910, in forests at an altitude of about 10 m, locally knov/n
as tutulang.
A species somewhat resembling Psychotria pinnatinervia Elm., but dis-
tinguishable at once by its plano-convex, not ridged or grooved seeds, and
not closely allied to that species. It is probably more closely allied to
P. luqoniensis F.-Vill., but is quite different from that species.
PSYCHOTRIA GRACILIPES sp. nov.
Frutex erectus, glaber, circiter 2.5 m altus ; floribus chartaceis
vel subcoriaceis, oblongo-ellipticis, utrinque angustatis, breviter
acuminatis, usque ad 9 cm longis, nervis utrinque 10 ad 12, sub-
rectis, patulis; petiole 0.7 ad 1.5 cm longo; inflorescentiis termi-
nalibus, depauperato-umbellatis, pedunculis gracilibus, circiter 5
mm longis ; fructibus ellipsoideis, 5 ad 6 mm longis, leviter longi-
tudinaliter sulcatis, pyrenis plano-convexis, 5 mm longis, ovoi-
deis, acutis, obscure carinatis, 5-sulcatis.
An erect shrub about 2.5 m high, quite glabrous. Branches
slender, terete, grayish-brown, the ultimate ones 1 to 1.5 mm in
diameter. Leaves chartaceous or subcoriaceous, oblong-elliptic,
subequally narrowed at both ends, 5 to 9 cm long, 1.5 to 2.5 cm
wide, slightly shining, of about the same color on both surfaces
when dry, apex shortly acuminate, base acute; nerves 10 to 12
on each side of the midrib, nearly straight, spreading at first,
curv^ed-anastomosing near the margins, the reticulations indi-
stinct; petioles 7 to 15 mm long. Inflorescence terminal, or in
the uppermost axils, umbellate, apparently few-flowered, the
VIII, c, 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Ruhiaceae, I 53
peduncle slender, about & mm long. Flowers unknown. Fruit
solitary to 3 or 4, umbellate, the pedicels slender, about 5 mm
long, the fruit orange-red, ellipsoid, 5 to 6 mm long, when dry
obscurely sulcate. Pyrenes ovoid, rounded at one end, acute at
the other, plano-convex, about 5 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, dorsally
slightly keeled, the lateral ridges obscure, shallowly 5-sulcate.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, Weber 1572, February 5,
1912, on rocky hillsides, limestone formation, in forests, altitude not indi-
cated.
A species probably as closely allied to Psychotria longipedicellata
Elmer, as to any other species, differing in many characters, especially
in being quite glabrous, not at all pubescent.
PSYCHOTRIA SARCOCARPA sp. nov.
Frlitex scandens, usque ad 3 m altus, ramulis subtus foliis
inflorescentiisque dense brunneo- vel ferrugineo-pilosis ; foliis
ellipticis vel ovalibus, chartaceis obtusis vel rotundatis, usque ad
4 cm longis, nervis utrinque circiter 7 ; inflorescentiis axillaribus
terminalibusque, laxis, paucifloris, folia subaequantibus ; fruc-
tibus ovoideis, succulentis, circiter 12 mm longis.
A scandent shrub, climbing along the trunks of trees, 3 m
high or less. Branches slender, densely covered with usually
dark-brown, more or less curled or crisped, pilose hairs. Leaves
elliptic, chartaceous, 3 to 4 cm long, 1.5 to 2.5 cm wide, obtuse
or rounded at both ends, the upper surface glabrous or nearly
so, the lower surface brown-pilose, densely so on the midrib and
nerves ; lateral nerves 7 on each side of the midrib, distinct, some-
what ascending, reticulations lax, not prominent ; petioles densely
pubescent, 3 to 4 mm long. Inflorescence axillary and terminal,
densely brown-pubescent, lax, few-flowered, usually shorter than
the leaves, the pedicels 5 to 7 mm long. Calyx densely pubescent,
3 to 4 mm long, 5-toothed, the teeth oblong, obtuse. Corolla
externally pubescent, white, 5 mm long, the lobes as long as the
tube, narrowly oblong, obtuse, about 2.5 mm long. Anthers 1
mm long. Fruit, when fully mature, very soft and fleshy, white,
about 12 mm long, ovoid or ellipsoid, sparingly pubescent with
very scattered hairs, the pyrenes 8 mm long, narrowly oblong-
elliptic, about 8 mm long, concavo-convex, dorsally longitud-
inally 2-ridged in the median part, subequally narrowed at both
ends, acute or somewhat acuminate.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains back of Zam-
boanga, Merrill 8077, November 27, 1911, in densely forested, damp, shaded
ravines along small streams, altitude 650 to 1,000 m.
Probably most closely allied to Psychotria ovalis Elmer, but with smaller,
fewer-nerved leaves and very different fruits.
54
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
PSYCHOTRIA WEBERI sp. nov.
Frutex glaber circiter 2 m altus; foliis coriaceis, oblongis vel
oblongo-ellipticis, coriaceis, subtus pallidis, utrinque angustatis,
apice acutis vel breviter acuminatis, nervis utrinque 15 ad 19,
distinctis, curvatis, anastomosantibus, reticulis undulatis, subpa-
rallelis ; petiolo 1.5 ad 3.5 cm longo ; paniculis terminalibus, sessi-
libus vel pedunculatis, quam petioli brevioribus ; floribus conges-
tis, subsessilibus, fructibus juiiioribus ovoideis, vix sulcatis.
An erect glabrous shrub about 2 m high. Branches terete,
olivaceous, the ultimate ones slightly compressed. Leaves coria-
ceous, oblong to oblong-elliptic, narrowed at both ends, the apex
acute or shortly acuminate, base acute, 12 to 18 cm long, 4.5 to
6.5 cm wide, somewhat shining when dry, the lower surface
much paler than the upper; nerves 15 to 19 on each side of the
midrib, prominent, curved, anastomosing near the margin, the
reticulations subparallel, undulate, not prominent; petioles 1.5
to 3.5 cm long. Panicles terminal, shorter than the petioles,
sessile and branched from the base, or shortly peduncled.
Flowers crowded at the ends of the few branches, sessile or
shortly pedicelled, white. Calyx about 3 mm long, obscurely 5-
toothed. Corolla 5.5 to 6 mm long, the tube about 2 mm in
length, the lobes oblong-ovate, acute or somewhat acuminate,
reflexed. Filaments slender, 1.5 mm long; anthers ovoid, about
1 mm long. Immature fruit ovoid, smooth, 5 to 6 mm long, not
at all sulcate.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, Weber 1573, January, 1912,
on rocky hillsides, altitude about 30 m.
A species apparently similar to and closely allied to Psycho tria bana-
haensis Elm., differing especially in its abbreviate inflorescence and more
numerously nerved leaves.
PSYCHOTRIA MINDANAENSIS sp. nov.
Frutex 3 ad 5 m altus, inflorescentiis minutissime puberulis
exceptis glaber ; foliis lanceolatis vel anguste oblongo-lanceolatis,
utrinque subaequaliter angustatis, acuminatis, subcoriaceis, niti-
dis, in siccitate plus minusve coloratis, nervis utrinque circiter
11, reticulis subobsoletis ; inflorescentiis terminalibus, peduncu-
latis; fructibus ellipsoideis, carnosis, in siccitate circiter 9 mm
longis, longitudinaliter sulcatis.
An erect glabrous shrub 3 to 5 m high, the leaves reddish or
reddish-brown when dry. Branches terete, dark reddish-brown,
smooth and shining. Leaves lanceolate or narrowly oblong-
lanceolate, equally narrowed at both ends, rather slenderly and
gradually acuminate, 10 to 15 cm long, 2 to 3 mm wide, sub-
viii, c. 1 Merrill: Studies on Philijypine Rubiaceae, I 55
coriaceous, shining; nerves 11 on each side of the midrib, distant,
obscurely anastomosing, the reticulations obsolete or nearly so;
petioles about 1.5 cm long; stipules somewhat sheathing, reddish-
brown, about 1 cm long. Inflorescence terminal, peduncled, in
flower about 5 cm long, very minutely puberulent, the flowers
subumbellately arranged on the ultimate branchlets. Pedicel
and calyx continuous, narrowly funnel-shaped, about 3 mm long,
minutely 5-toothed. Corolla, in nearly mature bud, externally
very slightly puberulent, 2.2 mm long, the tube 1 mm long, the
lobes oblong-ovate, acute. Anthers 1.3 mm long. Fruit ovoid,
fleshy and red when fresh, when dry longitudinally 6-sulcate, 8
to 10 mm long. Pyrenes plano-convex, longitudinally and prom-
inently 3-sulcate on the back, about 8 mm long, 5 mm wide,
elliptic-oblong. Seeds 6-ridged, sulcate on the back.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains back of San
Ramon, Merrill 8084, 8096 (type), November 17, 1911, in forests, altitude
800 to 900 m.
A species well characterized by its narrow leaves which are reddish-
brown when dry, with distant nerves and obsolete or nearly obsolete reti-
culations. It does not appear to be very closely allied to other Philip-
pine forms.
PSYCHOTRIA EUPHLEBIA sp. nov.
Frutex 1 ad 2 m altus, glaber, vel partibus junioribus plus
minusve ferrugineo-pubescentibus ; foliis oblongis, chartaceis, 15
ad 25 cm longis, nitidis, in siccitate brunneis, utrinque subae-
qualiter angustatis, basi acutis, apice breviter acuminatis, nervis
utrinque 17 ad 25; inflorescentiis terminalibus, congestis, quam
petioli brevioribus, paucifloris; fructibus ovoideis, 8 mm longis,
seminibus plano-convexis, vix sulcatis.
A shrub 1 to 2 m high, quite glabrous, or the growing
parts and petioles of the younger leaves ferruginous-pubescent.
Branches terete, brownish. Leaves oblong, chartaceous, rarely
subcoriaceous, oblong, subequally narrowed at both ends, the
base acute, the apex shortly acuminate, 15 to 25 cm long, 2.5
to 5 cm wide, somewhat shining, brownish when dry, the midrib
very prominent; lateral nerves 18 to 25 on each side of the
midrib, prominent, somewhat curved, anastomosing, the reticula-
tions lax, not prominent ; petioles 1 to 2 cm long ; stipules oblong-
ovate, acuminate, about 5 mm long, deciduous. Inflorescence
terminal, short, dense, more or less pubescent, becoming glabrous
or nearly so. Flowers unknown. Infrutescence dense, 1.5 cm
long or less, the fruits reddish-yellow when fresh, becoming
brown or black when dry, ovoid, about 8 mm long, smooth, not
56
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
at all sulcate, the seeds plano-convex, ruminate, not at all sulcate
or ridged on the back.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, Bur. Sci. H582 (type),
13928 Ramos, For. Bur. 19638 Curran, January, 1912, in forests.
A species manifestly allied to Psychotria tayabensis Elm., differing
especially in its larger, more numerously nerved leaves.
PSYCHOTRIA ALVAREZII sp. nov.
Species P. bataanensi Elm. valde affinis, differt foliis majo-
ribus, usque ad 15 cm longis, basi late rotundato-cordatis, nervis
utrinque circiter 25, fructibus obovoideis, conspicue 8-alatis.
A shrub or small tree, somewhat pubescent, or nearly glabrous,
the leaves reddish-brown when dry. Branches terete, dark-
grayish. Leaves oblong to oblong-ovate, coriaceous, 12 to 15
cm long, 4 to 7 cm wide, somewhat narrowed to the rather
broadly rounded-cordate base, more narrowed towards the obtuse
or rounded apex, the upper surface smooth, glabrous, shining,
the lower often slightly pubescent, reddish-brown, the lateral
nerves very prominent, 18 to 25 or more on each side of the
midrib, slightly curved, anastomosing, the reticulations distinct;
petioles 1 to 2 cm long, usually somewhat pubescent; stipules
early deciduous, not seen. Flowers not seen. Infrutescence ter-
minal, simple and unbranched or with three branches from the
base, the branches or peduncles 1.5 cm long or less, the fruits
capitately arranged, few to many, forming subglobose heads, the
individual fruits obovoid, shortly pedicelled, about 7 mm long,
longitudinally 8-winged, the wing-like ridges rather thin, 1 to
1.5 mm wide. Seeds plano-convex, ruminate, not longitudinally
ridged or sulcate on the back.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 22189 Alvarez, December,
1910.
A species manifestly allied to Psychotria bataanensis Elmer, but with
larger, more numerously nerved, differently shaped leaves, and its fruits
with the longitudinal ridges developed into 8 narrow wings. In Psychotria
bataanensis the fruits are sulcate or ridged, but in no degree approach
the fruits of the present species in this respect.
PSYCHOTRIA RIZALENSIS sp. nov.
Species P. bataanensi Elm. valde affinis et similis, differt foliis
basi acutis vel subrotundatis, vix anguste cordatulis.
A shrub or small tree, the branchlets, petioles, younger leaves
on the midrib and lateral nerves beneath pubescent with
dark-brown hairs, the branches terete, brownish, glabrous.
Leaves oblong to oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, 8 to 10 cm long, 2
to 4 cm wide, the upper surface smooth and shining, quite gla-
brous, the lower somewhat paler, the lateral nerves very prom-
VII], c, 1 Merrill: Studies o?i Philippine Rubiaceae, I 57
inent, anastomosing, parallel, somewhat curved, the reticula-
tions not prominent, the apex acute, the base acute or somewhat
rounded, not at all cordate, often a little inequilateral; petioles
8 to 10 mm long; stipules oblong-ovate, black and shining when
dry, glabrous, or the basal part brown-pubescent, deciduous. In-
florescence terminal, pubescent, of a single simple peduncle, or
3-branched at the base, the peduncle or the branches 1 cm long
or less, brown-pubescent. Young flowers apparently sessile, in
dense, globose heads about 5 mm in diameter. Fruits con-
gested, 5 or more at the end of each branch or peduncle, sessile
or subsessile, obovoid, about 7 mm long, brown, crowned by the
persistent calyx-tube, shallowly longitudinally 8-ridged.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Montalban, Loher 6345, July, 1905.
It is possible that Loher 6405, from the same locality, should be referred
here, but this specimen has thinner leaves which turn brown or reddish-
brown in drying. The species is manifestly very closely allied to Psycho-
tria bataanensis Elm., from which it differs chiefly in its leaves being
gradually narrowed to the acute or somewhat rounded base, not at all
cordate.
RANDIA Linnaeus
RANDIA LANCEOLATA sp. nov.
Frutex partibus junioribus inflorescentiisque puberulis ex-
ceptis glaber; foliis lanceolatis vel anguste lanceolatis, coriaceis,
nitidis, usque ad 10 cm longis, 5 ad 10 mm latis, rectis vel
falcatis, supra sensim angustatis, acuminatis, basi angustatis,
acutis vel cuneatis; pedunculis axillaribus, soiltariis, 1-floris,
supra bibracteatis, tenuibus, 1.5 ad 2 cm longis; fructibus an-
guste oblongo-ovoideis, 1 cm longis, utrinque angustatis.
A shrub, quite glabrous except for the somewhat puberulent
younger parts and inflorescence, the branches and leaves rather
crowded, the ultimate branches slender, terete or somewhat com-
pressed, usually dark-colored when dry, or reddish-brown.
Leaves numerous, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, straight or
falcate, coriaceous, of about the same color on both surfaces
when dry, the upper surface shining, the lower dull, 5 to 10
cm long, 5 to 10 mm wide, gradually narrowed upward to the
slender acuminate apex, the base narrowed, acute or cuneate;
nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, very obscure; pet-
ioles about 3 mm long, glabrous or slightly pubescent; stipules
lanceolate, about 5 mm long. Flowers axillary, long-pedicelled,
the pedicels usually solitary, puberulent, 1.5 to 2 cm long, slender,
with a pair of oblong, acute, 2 mm long bracteoles near the apex.
Calyx at about time of anthesis narrowly urceolate, about 4 mm
long, 5-toothed, somewhat pubescent or puberulent, the teeth
58
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
ovate, acute, 1 to 1.5 mm long. Corolla not seen. Fruit nar-
rowly oblong-ovoid, 1 cm long, about 4 mm wide in the middle,
narrowed at both ends, base acute, apex crowned by the per-
sistent calyx-lobes, 2-celled. Seeds numerous, narrowly oblong,
irregular, more or less flattened, 3 to 4 mm long.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, near Tauit, For. Bur.
11626 Fischer, February, 1912, on sandstone cliifs along the river, ap-
parently in situations subject to overflow during times of high water,
altitude about 30 m.
A species similar to Randia stenophylla Merr., but differing in being
nearly glabrous, with shining leaves, and with very different fruits.
TETRALOPHA Hooker filius
TETRALOPHA? NIGRA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens, glaber, ramis ramulisque in siccitate palli-
dis, vix lenticellatis ; foliis oblongis, coriaceis, acuminatis, usque
ad 20 cm longis, in siccitate utrinque nigris nitidisque, nervis
utrinque circiter 10, anastomosantibus ; floribus ignotis; fruc-
tibus depresso-globosis, nigris, 0.8 ad 1.5 cm diametro, norma-
liter 4-locellatis, abortu 1- ad 3-locellatis, pericarpio coriaceo.
A scandent shrub, quite glabrous. Branches terete, wrinkled
and light-gray when dry, not at all lenticellate, the branches up
to 8 mm in diameter, the branchlets slender. Leaves oblong,
coriaceous, uniformly black and shining on both surfaces when
dry, 11 to 20 cm long, 3 to 7 cm wide, subequally narrowed to
the acute base and to the shortly acuminate apex ; lateral nerves
10 on each side of the midrib, distinct, anastomosing, the reti-
culations lax; petioles 1.5 to 2 cm long; stipules not seen, appar-
ently broad, deciduous. Flowers unknown. Fruiting racemes
axillary, solitary or fascicled, 2 to 4 cm long, with short, broad,
stipule-like bracts at the nodes, the pedicels 3 mm long or less.
Fruit black when dry, globose or depressed-globose, shining, nor-
mally 4-celled, 4-seeded, often by abortion 1 to 3-celled and
seeded, when 1-celled about 8 mm in diameter, when 3- or 4-
celled 1.2 to 1.5 cm in diameter, the pericarp coriaceous, very
slightly sulcate between the cells. Seeds 1 in each cell, black,
in general obovate-oblong, irregular, more or less compressed
and angled, about 6 mm long.
Mindanao, Butuan Subprovince, near Butuan, Bur. Sci. 16877 Fenix,
August 30, 1912.
There is no more reason for placing this species in Tetralopha than in
Gynochthodes, but as the remaining manifestly allied Philippine forms
have been described in the former genus, the present form is so referred.
In the absence of flowers it is difficult to determine to which genus it
properly belongs. Tetralopha nigra differs from the three forms pre-
VIII, c. 1 Merrill: Studies on Philippine Rubiaceae, I 59
viously described from the Philippines in its larger, more numerously
nerved leaves. Its alliance is with T. philippinensis Elm. and T. polillensis
C. B. Rob. The uniformly black and prominently shining leaves (when
dry) is characteristic.
Tl MON I US De Candolle
TIMONIUS LONGISTIPULUS sp. nov.
Frutex ut videtur scandens epiphyticus, partibus junioribus
nodisque plus minusve ciliatis; foliis lanceolatis, coriaceis, niti-
dis, usque ad 10 cm longis, valde caudato-acuminatis, basi acutis,
petiolatis, nervis utrinque 4 vel 5, distinctis, reticulis obsoletis ;
stipulis lanceolatis, 1.5 ad 2 cm longis, caducis; floribus axilla-
ribus, solitariis, pedicellatis ; fructibus adpresse pubescentibus,
calycis lobis persistentibus, longe acuminatis.
Apparently an epiphytic more or less scandent shrub.
Branches dark reddish-brown, terete, wrinkled when dry, slen-
der, glabrous, the branchlets sometimes ferruginous-ciliate, their
nodes prominently ciliate with long ferruginous hairs, the pe-
tiolar scars prominent. Leaves 5 to 10 cm long, 1.5 to 2 cm
wide, lanceolate, coriaceous, brown and shining on both surfaces
when dry, the lower surface a little paler than the upper,
more or less ciliate with long, appressed or spreading hairs on
the nerves of the lower surface, in younger leaves also some-
what ciliate on the margins and upper surface, the base acute,
the apex long and slenderly caudate-acuminate; lateral nerves 4
or 5 on each side of the midrib, slender but distinct on both
surfaces, ascending, the reticulations obsolete; petioles 4 to 8
mm long; stipules lanceolate, deciduous, brown, submembrana-
ceous, glabrous, 1.5 to 2 cm long, 4 mm wide, long and slenderly
caudate-acuminate. Flowers solitary, axillary, the pedicels in
fruit about 1 cm long, with two large bracteoles at the apex
subtending the fruit, these bracteoles ovate-lanceolate to oblong-
ovate, acuminate, 5 to 6 mm long. Fruit depressed-globose,
about 6 mm in diameter, appressed-pubescent, when dry more
or less rugose, the persistent calyx 6 mm long, its tube about 2
mm long and 2 mm thick, cylindric, the 4 lobes recurved or
spreading, lanceolate, long and slenderly acuminate, 4 mm long.
Pyrenes about 15, narrowly oblong-obovate, rounded at their
apices, about 4 mm long.
Leyte, Bur. Sci. 15371 Ramos, August 13, 1912, on trees in the mossy
forest, mountains back of Dagami, the fruit green.
A very characteristic species, manifestly allied to Timonius epiphyticus
Elm., but still very different from that species. Prominent distinguishing
characters are its very long stipules, its elongate and persistent calyx,
and the prominent bracteoles subtending the fruit.
1913
60 The Philippine Journal of Science
TIMONIUS GRACILIPES sp. nov.
Frutex circiter 2 m altus, partibus junioribus plus minusve
ciliato-hirsutis ; foliis parvis, subtus pallidioribus, ad costa nerv-
osque leviter adpresse hirsutis, oblongis vel oblongo-ovatis, usque
ad 3.5 cm longis, acuminatis ; floribus axillaribus, solitariis, longe
tenuiter pedicellatis, bracteolis aciculatis, ovario 6-locellato.
A shrub about 2 m high, the branches terete, gray or reddish-
brown, stiff, glabrous, the branchlets numerous, marked with
numerous, close-set petiolar scars, the younger parts rather prom-
inently ciliate-hirsute, the hairs pale-brownish. Leaves oppo-
site, small, subcoriaceous, oblong to oblong-ovate, 2.5 to 3.5 cm
long, 5 to 12 mm wide, pale when dry, the upper surface gla-
brous or only very sparingly pubescent, the lower surface paler
than the upper one, distinctly appressed-hirsute along the midrib
and the lateral nerves, the apex distinctly acuminate, the base
acute or obtuse, the margins plane or very slightly recurved;
lateral nerves 5 or 6 on each side of the midrib, ascending,
straight, the ultimate reticulations netted, rather close; petioles
ciliate-hirsute, 3 mm long or less; stipules lanceolate, as long as
the petioles, ferruginous-hirsute, deciduous. Flowers in the
upper axils, solitary, long-pedicelled, the pedicels slender, spar-
ingly hirsute, at anthesis 1 to 1.5 cm long, increasing in length
and 2 cm long in fruit, with two acicular, 2 to 2.5 mm long brac-
teoles at the apex immediately below the flower. Calyx-tube
about 2 mm long, the teeth 4, slightly pubescent, linear, as long
as the tube. Corolla about 2 mm long. Ovary about 6-celled;
style 4-cleft. Fruit ellipsoid, about 4 mm long, slightly hirsute.
Cebu, Buacao, in thickets on dry hills, Bur. Sci. 11110 Ramos, March,
1912.
A very distinct species, characterized by its small leaves and its solitary,
long- and slenderly pedicelled flowers.
UNCAR I A Schreber
UNCARIA PERROTTETII (A. Rich.) comb. nov.
Sabicea perrottetii A. Rich, in Mem. Rub. (1830) 148; Mem. Soc. Hist.
Nat. Paris 5 (1834) 228.
Ouroupartia perrottetii Baill. in Bull. Soc. Linn. Paris 1 (1879) 227.
Uncaria ferrea F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 105, non DC.
Uncaria hookeri Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 118, 177, Rev.
PI. Vase. Filip. (1886) 149; Havil. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 33
(1897) 86, pi. It, f. 13-18; Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 1 (1906) 37.
Luzon, without definite locality, Cuming 1128 (cotype of Uncaria hookeri
Vid.), Loher 6321: Province of Ilocos Norte, Mount Piao, For. Bur. 121t81
Merritt & Darling, November, 1908: Province of Pampanga, Mount Abu,
VIII, C, 1
Merrill: Studies on Philipimie Rubiaceae, I
61
Bur. Sci. 1970 Foxworthy, January, 1907 : Province of Bulacan, Norza-
garay, Yoder 246, December, 1906: Province of Rizal, Montalban, Loher
s. n.; Bosoboso, Merrill 1830, ApriJ, 1903, For. Bur. 1890 Ahern’s collector,
October, 1904, Bur. Sci. 2127 Ramos, February, 1907: Province of Bataan,
Dinalupijan, Merrill 1586, January, 1903: Province of Laguna, Caiauan,
Phil. PI. 458 McGregor, December, 1910; Los Banos, Hallier s. n., December,
1903.
Borneo, fide Haviland.
The earliest specific name is here taken up in accordance with the
Vienna Code. The original description of the species is very short, and
is inadequate as a means of determining the species. DeCandolle “ simply
cites the name with the comment “videtur Uncariae sp.” The type of
Sabicea. perrottetii A. Rich, is preserved in the Herbarium of the Paris
Museum of Natural History, and probably was examined by Haviland,
for he correctly places the species, although using a later specific name.
Doctor C. B. Robinson who recently kindly looked up the type at my
request, states that Sabicea perrottetii is the same as Uncaria hookeri
Vid., and that a specimen collected in Luzon by Barthe, also preseiwed
in the Paris Herbarium, is so named in Haviland’s handwriting.
UROPHYLLUM Wallich
UROPHYLLUM GRANDISTIPULUM sp. nov.
Frutex glaber vel subglaber, foliis subcoriaceis, usque ad 20
cm longis, oblongis, acuminatis, nervis prominentibus, utrinque
circiter 15; stipulis magnis, subchartaceis, 3 ad 4 cm longis,
oblongis vel oblongo-ovatis ; floribus axillaribus, ut videtur sim-
pliciter umbellatis vel fasciculatis, fructibus ovoideis, camosis,
circiter 2 cm diametro.
A glabrous shrub about 8 m in height fide Ramos. Branches
terete, the younger ones compressed, glabrous. Leaves oblong,
subcoriaceous, 12 to 20 cm long, 3.5 to 6 cm wide, of the same
color and uniformly shining on both surfaces when dry, the
base acute or somewhat decurrent, the apex rather slenderly long
acuminate, nerves about 15 on each side of the midrib, prom-
inent, curved, anastomosing, the reticulations slender, distinct;
petioles 2.5 to 4.5 cm long; stipules subpersistent, subchartaceous
or membranaceous, oblong-ovate, subacute, 3 to 4 cm long.
Flowers unknown, axillary, in few- flowered simple umbels or
fascicles. Fruits fleshy, ovoid or ovoid-globose, about 2 cm in
diameter, 5-celled, crowned by the persistent calyx-rim, one in
each axil with pedicels 1 to 1.5 cm long, or two on a common
peduncle, the peduncle and pedicels each less than 1 cm long.
Leyte, mountains back of Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15372 Ramos, August 13,
1912, in forests.
A species apparently belonging in the same group with Urophyllmn
° Prodr. 4 (1830) 440.
62
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
bataanense Elm., but well characterized by its very large, subpersistent
stipules. The fruits are also larger than in any other known Philippine
form.
UROPHYLLUM LEYTENSE sp. nov.
Species praecedenti similis et affinis, differt foliis oblongo-
obovatis, breviter obtuse acuminatis, nervis utrinque circiter 10,
stipulis minoribus circiter 2 cm longis, strigoso-hirsutis, apice
2-lobatis.
A shrub less than 1 m high, fide Ramos, nearly glabrous except
the distincly strigose-hirsute stipules and buds. Branches
stout, the younger ones compressed, straw-colored when dry.
Leaves oblong-obovate, 13 to 18 cm long, 5.5 to 8 cm wide,
chartaceous or subcoriaceous, of the same color, rather pale, and
uniformly shining on both surfaces when dry, the apex shortly
and rather abruptly blunt-acuminate, the base acute, sometimes
a little decurrent; lateral nerves about 10 on each side of the
midrib, prominent, curved, anastomosing, the reticulations
rather lax, prominent on both surfaces ; petioles 3 to 4 cm long ;
stipules broadly ovate, about 2 cm long, chartaceous, distinctly
appressed strigose-hirsute with short grayish hairs, subpersis-
tent, shortly 2-cleft at the apex, the lobes acute, 2 to 3 mm long.
Flowers 5-merous, axillary, subsolitary or fascicled, the pedicels
(in bud) about 5 mm long, in young fruit 2.5 cm long. Calyx
urceolate, the limb obscurely 5-toothed, slightly pubescent.
Ovary 5-celled. Fruit (young) depressed-globose or obovoid,
slightly pubescent, fleshy, 5 to 8 mm in diameter.
Leyte, mountains back of Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15289 Ramos, August 13,
1912, in forests.
Manifestly allied to Urophyllum grandistipulum, but with smaller
stipules which are cleft at the apex, smaller fruits, and differently shaped,
fewer-nerved leaves.
Vol. VII, No. 6, including pages 363 to 434, was issued .January 15, 1913.
ILLUSTRATION
Plate I
Hedyotis yrostrata (Bi.) Korth. Presumably the type of Metabolos
prostratus Blume Bijdr. (1826) 991. One of the .Javaii specimens
in the Rijks Herbarium, Leiden, Holland, collected and so named by
Blume. (Photograph by Cortes.)
63
Mrrrill: Philippine Rlbiaceae, I.l
[Phil. Journ. Sci., vni. C, No. 1.
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April, 1913
THE PHILIPPINE
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THE PHILIPPINE
Journal of Science
C. Botany
VOL. VIII APRIL, 1913 No. 2
contributions to the bryological flora of the
PHILIPPINES, IV ^
By V. F. Brotherus
{Helsingfors, Finland)
SPHAGNACEAE
SPHAGNUM (Dill.) Ehrenberg
SPHAGNUM JUNGHUHNIANUM Doz. et Molk.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16H6 Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke.
SPHAGNUM MALACCENSE Warnst.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Pulog, Merrill 6U02, For. Bur.
16395, 16U10 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke.
SPHAGNUM LUZONENSE Warnst.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Pauai, Merrill 6678.
DICRANACEAE
TREMATODON Michaux
TREMATODON PAUCIFOLIUS C. Mull.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12798, 12801 Fenix.
WILSON I ELLA C. Muller
WILSONIELLA SQUARROSA Broth, sp. nov.
Autoica; tenella, caespitosa, caespitibus laxis, lutescenti-
viridibus, vix nitidiusculis ; cauUs erectus, vix ultra 5 mm longus,
basi fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, simplex vel furcatus ;
folia sicca et humida squarrosa, lineari-lanceolata, acutiuscula
’ The geographic distribution is not indicated in the present paper for
those species which were included in the former parts.
116076 66
66
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
vel obtusa, marginibus recurvis, summo apice denticulatis, nervo
tenui, longe infra apicem folii evanido, cellulis teneris, laxe ob-
longo-hexagonis ; seta c. 10 mm alta, sicca flexuosula, tenuissima,
lutea ; theca suberecta, cylindracea, brevicollis, sicca deoperculata
sub ore contractula, fuscidula, laevis; annulus latus; exostomii
dentes usque ad basim divisi, cruribus filiformibus, depse papil-
losis, rubris ; spori 0.017-0.020 mm, ochracei, papillosi ; operculum
e basi conica, longe et oblique subulatum ; calyptra cucullata, in-
tegra.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calauan, Bur. Sci. 12512 McGregor.
Species foliis squarrosis oculo nudo jam dignoscenda.
DITRICHUM Timm
DITRICHUM DIFFICILE (Dub.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, in ravines, on earth banks, altitude
1,500 m, Merrill 78U7 ; Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8692 McGregor, altitude about
2,100 m: Subprovince of Lepanto, Mount Data, Bur. Sci. 5957 Ramos, alti-
tude about 2,100 m: Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, damp slopes in
forest, altitude 2,100 m, Merrill 7527. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on earth,
old crater, altitude 2,000 m, Merrill 6805, 6820, 6828.
CERATODON Bridel
CERATODON STENOCARPUS Bryol. eur.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 1312, altitude 1650 m.
CAMPYLOPODIUM (C. Mull.) Bescherelle
CAMPYLOPODIUM EUPHOROCLADUM (C. Mull.) Besch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, on shaded banks of
streams, altitude about 1,400 m. Bur. Sci. 14050 Robinson.
DICRANELLA Schimper
DICRANELLA COARCTATA (C. Miill.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 548.
Area: Java.
BRAUNFELSIA Paris
BRAUNFELSIA DICRANOIDES (Doz. et Molk.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh
1281.
Area: Java and New Guinea.
DICRANOLOMA Renault
DICRANOLOMA BLUMEI (Nees) Ren.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude about 2,270 m,
Merrill 7529: Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 9403 Robinson.
DICRANOLOMA BRAUNII (C. Miill.) Par., f. MINDANENSE Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 524-
vni, c, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
PILOPOGON Bridel
67
PILOPOGON BLUMEi (Doz. et Molk.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, Bur. Sci. 12,000
Robinson: Subprovince of Bontoc, on ground, altitude 1,350 m, Vanover-
hergh 329, 1083. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, open seepage slopes, altitude
about 2,000 m, Merrill 6812.
DICRANODONTIUM Bryol. eur.
DICRANODONTIUM DICTICYON (Mitt.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6593 Robinson:
Subprovince of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8699
McGregor.
Area: Sikkim.
FISSIDENTACEAE
FISSIDENS Hedwig
FISSIDENS SCHMIDIl C. Miill.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on wet soil, altitude 1,250 m, Vanover-
bergh 1352.
Area: Nilghiri, Ceylon, and Java.
FISSIDENS ZIPPELIANUS Doz. et Molk.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, For. Bur. 1556U Curran: Sub-
province of Bontoc, on rocks, altitude about 1,200 m, Vanoverbergh 1260.
Area: Ceylon, Malacca, Sumatra, Java, Andamans, Hongkong, and New
Guinea.
FISSIDENS NOBILIS Griff.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, damp ravines in limestone formation,
altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 7827; Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12805 Fenix:
Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 5^6. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on
damp shaded cliffs in ravines, altitude 1,100 m, Merrill 6831. Palawan,
Merrill 7269. POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 10516 McGregor.
LEUCOBRYACEAE
LEUCOBRYUM Hampe
LEUCOBRYUM SANCTUM Hampe.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 12097 Ramos:
Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 22203 Alvarez: Province of Cagayan,
Abulug River, Weber 1592, on rotten logs near streams. Bur. Sci. H58i
Ramos, For. Bur. 166UU Curran: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 13 W
Ramos. PoLiLLO, Bur. Sci. 10508 McGregor.
LEUCOBRYUM JAVENSE Mitt.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 1019. Negros, Canlaon
Volcano, mossy forest, on earth, altitude 2,100 m, Merrill 6806.
LEUCOBRYUM BOWRINGII Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 19127 Tamesis.
68
1913
The Philippine Journal of Science
OCTOBLEPHARUM Hedwig
OCTOBLEPHARUM ALBIDUM (L.) Hedw.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calauan, Bur. Sci. 12513 McGregor : Sub-
province of Benguet, Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12809 Fenix.
SCHISTOMITRIUM Dozy et Molkenboer
SCHISTOMITRIUM APICULATUM Doz. et Molk.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude 404 m,
Weber 1297.
SCHISTOMITRIUM ROBUSTUM Doz. et Molk.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 9367 Robinson.
Area: Java.
LEUCOPHANES Bridel
LEUCOPHANES ALBESCENS C. Miill.
POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 9066 Robinson.
LEUCOPHANES CANDIDUM (Hornsch.) Lindb.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Quinatacutan, Bur. Sci. 13211 Foxworthy
& Rainos. Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude
251 m, Weber 1332.
CALYMPERACEAE
SYRRHOPODON Schivaegrichen
SYRRHOPODON TRISTICHUS Nees.
Negros, Mount Marapara, For. Bur. 136U5 Curran & Foxworthy.
Area: Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, and Amboina.
SYRRHOPODON ALBOVAGI N ATUS Schwaegr.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Paete, Bur. Sci. 10060 Ramos.
SYRRHOPODON CILIATUS (Hook.) Schwaegr.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on trunks of palm trees, Weber 1329.
Area: Malacca, Sumatra, Celebes, Borneo, Burma, Ternate, Amboina,
and New Guinea.
SYRRHOPODON MuLLERI (Doz. et Molk.) Lac.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Tagcauayan, Bur. Sci. 13097 Foxworthy
& Ramos.
Area: Ceylon, Malacca, Sumatra, Java, Banca, Celebes, Borneo, New
Guinea, and Samoa.
CALYM PERES Swartz
CALYMPERES ORIENTALE Mitt.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on pandan trees, altitude 12 m,
Weber 1326., PoLiLLO, Bur. Sci. 9281 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 10505 McGregor.
Area: Labuan and Java.
Var. POLYTRICHOIDES Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude 1,600 m.
Bur. Sci. 9805 Robinson.
Area: Malacca and Java.
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
VIII, C, 2
69
CALYMPERES (HYOPHILINA, STENOCYCLA) CLEMENSIAE Broth, sp.
nov.
Dioicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis,
mollibus, lutescenti-viridibus, opacis; caulis erectus, vix ultra 5
mm longus, basi fusco-radiculosus, dense foliosus, simplex ; folia
sicca circinato-crispula, marginibus involutis, humida patentia,
canaliculato-concava, a basi brevi, vix latiore linearia, acutius-
cula vel plus minusve obtusa, c. 5 mm longa, apice et in parte
superiore basis minutissime serrulata, nervo valido, lutescente,
infra summum apicem folii evanido, dorso scabro, cellulis lami-
nalibus ubique unistratosis, minutissimis, subrotundis, chloro-
phyllosis, minute papillosis, basin versus breviter rectangulari-
bus, pellucidis, cancellinae brevis rectangularisque breviter et
laxe rectangularibus, in seriebus c. 6 subaequilongis dispositis,
marginalibus multo minoribus et angustioribus, pluriseriatis,
teniolis nullis. Caetera ignota.
Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens “T”.
Species valde peculiaris, habitu Tortellae tortuosae persimilis, cum nulla
alia commutanda.
POTTIACEAE
HYMENOSTYLIUM Bridel
HYMENOSTYLIUM LUZONENSE Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on limestone cliffs, altitude about 1,500
m, Merrill 786i; Baguio and vicinity, on limestone cliffs, 1,400 to 1,450 m
altitude. Bur. Sci. H007, H130 Robinson.
TRICHOSTOMUM Hedwig
TRICHOSTOMUM SUBDURIUSCULUM (C. Miill.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, Bur. Sci. HOI 9
Robinson. Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on damp rocks, at low al-
titudes, Weber 1308, 1315, 1319, 1331.
Area: Philippines.
Tl M M lELLA (De Not.) Limprecht
TIMMIELLA MERRILLII Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on earth, altitude 1650 m, Vanoverbergh
1307.
BARBU LA Hedwig
BARBULA ORIENTALIS (Willd.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on earth, altitude 1650 m, Vanoverbergh
1306.
MERCEYOPSIS Broth, et Dixon
MERCEYOPSIS MINUTA (Broth.) var. SUBMINUTA (Broth.) Broth, et
Dix.
Merceya subminuta Broth, in Philip. Journ. Sci. 5 (1910) Bot. 143.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, on rocks, altitude
about 1,400 m. Bur. Sci. H05^ Robinson.
70
The Philippine Journal of Science
ORTHOTRICHACEAE
MACROMITRIUM Bridel
1913
MACROMITRIUM REINWARDTII Schw.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Merrill 7530.
MACROMITRIUM ANGUSTIFOLIUM Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m. Bur.
Sci. 8705 McGregor.
Area: Sumatra, Java, Amboina, Celebes, and Borneo.
MACROMITRIUM CELEBENSE Par.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on bark of trees, Weber 1298 (alt.
91 m), ISlj^ (alt. 396 m).
Area: Java and Celebes.
MACROMITRIUM SALAKANUM C. Miill.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Claveria, Bur. Sci. 10739 McGregor.
Area: Java and New Caledonia.
MACROMITRIUM SEMIPELLUCIDUM Doz. et Molk.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, alt. 10-15 m, Weber
1301, 1305.
MACROMITRIUM MERRILLII Broth.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Kabibihan, Bur. Sci. 13H.9 Foxworthy
& Ramos.
MACROMITRIUM SULCATUM (Hook, et Grev.) Brid.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on trees in the mossy forest, altitude
2,000 to 2,250 m, Merrill 782U, 7867.
MACROMITRIUM GON lORRHYNCH U M (Doz. et Molk.) Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, on trees. Bur. Sci. 12550 Ramos: Subprovince
of Benguet, on trees, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill; Sablang, Bur. Sci.
12806 Fenix; Baguio and vicinity, on trees, altitude 1,350 m. Bur. Sci.
H106 Robinson.
SCHLOTHEIMIA Bridel
SCHLOTHEIMIA LUZONENSIS Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bengniet, Bur. Sci. 5873 Ramos.
SCHLOTHEIMIA WALLISII C. Mull.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16i01 Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke.
SPLACHNACEAE
SPLACHNOBRYUM C. Muller
SPLACHNOBRYUM LUZONENSE Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, mollibus,
viridibus, vix nitidiusculis ; caulis erectus, vix ultra 3 mm longus,
inf erne fusco-radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, simplex; folia
VIII, c.
Brotherus : Bryological Flora
71
patentia, carinato-concaviuscula, infima ovata, superiora oblonga
vel ovato-oblonga, rotundato-obtusa, marginibus indistincte re-
curvis, summo apice crenulatis, nervo tenui, infra summum
apicem folii evanido, cellulis latis, teneris, superioribus ovali-
hexagonis, marginalibus minoribus, subquadratis, basilaribus
multo majoribus, oblongo-hexagonis ; seta 3-4 mm alta, tenuis-
sima; theca erecta, anguste cylindracesT; operculum depressum,
mammillatum.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Malapad na Bato, on damp rocks, altitude
10 m. Bur. Sci. H136 Robinson.
Species S. Oorschotii (Lac.) C. Miill. affinis, sed statui’a multo tenuiore
oculo nudo jam dignoscenda.
FUNARIACEAE
FUN ARIA Schreber
FUNARIA CALVESCENS Schwaegr.
Luzon, Subprovince of Beng-uet, on damp banks, altitude about 1,800 m,
Merrill 7836: Subprovince of Bontoc, Banco, dry hillocks, altitude 1,300 m,
Vanoverbergh 67.
BRYACEAE
WEBER A Hedwig
WEBERA HAMPEANA (Bryol. jav.) Broth.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, open slopes, old crater, altitude 2,000 m,
Merrill 6808.
WEBERA DURiUSCULA Broth, sp. nov.
Paroica; gracilis, caespitosa, caespitibus densis, rigidis, fusces-
centi-viridibus, nitidiusculis ; caulis erectus, cum innovationibus
usque ad 1 cm longus, inferne nudus, fusco-radiculosus, dein
dense foliosus, innovando-ramosus vel simplex; folia erecto-
patentia, carinato-concava, lanceolata, breviter acuminata, acuta,
marginibus ultra medium anguste revolutis vel suberectis, su-
perne minute serrulatis, nervo validiusculo, infra apicem folii
evanido, cellulis laxiusculis, oblongo-hexagonis vel rhomboideis,
basilaribus rectangularibus, ad angulos quadratis; seta c. 2 cm
alta, tenuis, lutescenti-rubra nitidiuscula ; theca nutans, e collo
longiusculo turgide ovalis, sicca deoperculata sub ore paulum
constricta, fuscidula; peristomium....? ; operculum convexum,
acute apiculatum, nitidum,
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, open places, altitude about 2,200 m, Merrill
6832, and ravines in slopes of the new cone, altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill
68H.
Species P. nutanti (Schreb.) affinis, sed foliis minutis serrulatis, laxius
reticulatis dignoscenda.
72
1918
The Philippine Journal of Science
BRACHYMENIUM Schwaegrichen
BRACHYMENIUM EXILE (Doz. et Molk.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Bauco, dry hillocks, altitude 1,300 m,
Vanoverbergh 66.
BRACHYMENIUM COARCTATUM (C. Miill.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on earth, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh
1S08.
Area: Java, New Zealand, and New Caledonia.
BRACHYMENIUM N EPALENSE Hook.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on trees, altitude about 1,500 m,
Merrill 7876; Mount Tonglon, on trees, altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill
78il; Baguio and vicinity, altitude about 1,400 m. Bur. Sci. 11993 Robin-
son: Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude about 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh
523, 1116.
ANOMOBRYUM Schimper
ANOMOBRYUM CYMBIFOLIUM (Lindb.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on limestone boulders, altitude about
1,450 m, Merrill 7878.
BRYUM (Dill.) Schimper
BRYUM COMPRESSIDENS C. Miill.
Luzon, Province of Batangas, Santo Tomas, Bur. Sci. 137i3 Ramos
Area: Nepal, Bali, Java.
BRYUM ARGENTEUM L.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Bauco, dry hillocks, altitude 1,300 m,
Vanoverbergh 65.
BRYUM ERECTUM Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on limestone boulders, altitude about
1,500 m, Merrill 7860.
BRYUM CORONATUM Schwaegr.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 19161 Curran: Province of Rizal,
Montalban, Bur. Sci. 9522, 9523 Robinson. Tawi Tawi, Bur. Sci. 10832
Foxworthy.
BRYUM AMBIGUUM Dub.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5865 Ramos (f. fol. nervo
longius excedente).
BRYUM RAMOSUM (Hook.) Mitt.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, on rocks, altitude
l, 400 m. Bur. Sci. 14056 Robinson.
RHODOBRYUM (Schimp.) Hampe
RHODOBRYUM GIGANTEUM (Hook.) Hamp.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, mossy forest, altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill
6834. Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude about 2,100
m, Merrill 7526.
vni, c, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
MNIACEAE
ORTHOMNIUM Wilson
73
ORTHOMNIUM LOHERI Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 527, 796, 1077, 1282:
Subprovince of Benguet, on trees in ravines, altitude about 1,600 m, Merrill
781f3, 7855, 7875; Mount Pulog, Merrill 6399; Mount Tonglon, on trees,
altitude 1900-2000 m, Merrill 7837, 78U5.
MNIUM (Dill.) Linnaeus
MNIUM ROSTRATUM Schrad.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on wet limestone cliffs, altitude about
1,500 m, Merrill 7856.
MNIUM SUCCULENTUM Mitt.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 1060.
Area: Nepal, Khasia, Assam, Sumatra, Java.
RHIZOGONIACEAE
HYMENODON Hook. f. et Wilson
HYMENODON SERICEUS (Doz. et Molk.) C. Miill.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on very mossy trees, altitude 2,000 m, Merrill
6833.
RHIZOGONIUM Bridel
RHIZOGONIUM SPINIFORME (L.) Bruch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh
1378, 1039: Province of Laguna, Paete, Bur. Sci. 10062 Ramos: Province
of Albay, Mount Mayon, Bur. Sci. 6U79 Robinson-. Province of Rizal, San
Isidro, Bur. Sci. 12125 Ramos. Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, on
boulders in shaded ravines, Merrill 8357: Subprovince of Butuan, on tree
trunks, altitude 326 m, Weber 1294. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on bould-
ers, ravines at 1,100 m, Merrill 6827. POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 9036 Robinson,
Bur. Sci. 10518 McGregor.
SPIRIDENTACEAE
SPIRIDENS Nees
SPIRIDENS REINWARDTII Nees.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bxir. Sci. 9451 Robinson. Min-
danao, District of Davao, on trees, altitude 1,000 m, Weber 1475.
SPIRIDENS LONGIFOLIUS Lindb.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,450 m, Vanoverbergh
673: Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, on tree-ferns (Cyathea) ,
altitude about 1,800 m, Merrill 7862.
BARTRAMIACEAE
PHILONOTIS Bridel
PHILONOTIS GRIFFITHIANA (Wils.) Mitt.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, For. Bur. 15634 Curran.
1913
74 The Philippine Journal of Science
PHILONOTIS SECUNDA (Doz. et Molk.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5512 Ramos (f. robusta) ;
Pauai, altitude about 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8695 McGregor. Mindanao, Sub-
province of Butuan, on damp rocks, altitude 106 m, Weber 1303.
PHILONOTIS REVOLUTA Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, For. Bur. 15917 Bacani; Pauai, Merrill
6676; Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12808 Fenix: Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanover-
hergh 779: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 6783 Robinson; Montalban, on
damp cliffs, altitude 40 m. Bur. Sci. 9649 Robinson.
Area: Java, Tonkin, Philippines.
PHILONOTIS MOLLIS (Doz. et Molk.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Lepanto, Malaya Mountains, Bona 149.
Area: Southern India, Andamans, Java, Sumatra, Tonkin.
PHILONOTIS SPECIOSA (Griff.) Mitt.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Bauco, on rocks along streams, altitude
1,200 m, Vanoverbergh 10.
Area: Nepal, Sikkim, Khasia.
BREUTELIA Schimper
BREUTELIA ARUNDINIFOLIA (Dub.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude 2,100 m, Merrill
7528.
CRYPHAEACEAE
ACROCRYPHAEA Bryol. eur.
ACROCRYPHAEA CONCAVI FOLIA (Griff.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, Vanoverbergh 1011.
Area: Nepal, Assam, Coorg, Ceylon, Java, Celebes.
PRIONODONTACEAE
NEOLINDBERGIA Fleischer
NEOLINDBERGIA RUGOSA (Mont.) Fleisch.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, on trees, altitude about 800 m,
Merrill 8361.
Area: Celebes and the Philippines.
CYRTOPODACEAE
BESCHERELLEA Duby
BESCHERELLEA PH I LI PPI N ENSIS Broth, sp. nov.
Dioica; gracilescens, caespitosa, caespitibus laxis, rigidis, fus-
cescenti-viridibus, opacis, caulis primarius brevis, fusco-tomen-
tosus; caules secundarii usque ad 10 cm longi, ubique dense
foliosi, inferne simplices, dein plus minusve dense pinnatim
ramosi, ramis erecto-patentibus, usque ad 1.5 cm longis, dense
foliosis, acutis, juniores simplices; folia sicca adpressa, acumine
VIII, C, 2
Brotheriis: Bryological Flora
75
plus minusve patente, humida patentia, e basi ovali sensim an-
guste lanceolato-subulata, aristata, usque ad 5 mm longa, mar-
ginibus erectis, superne remote serratis, nervo in aristam longe
excedente, cellulis minutis, incrassatis, laminalibus et basilaribus
externis parenchymaticis, basilaribus intemis elongatis, angustis ;
seta vix ultra 5 mm alta, tenuis, rubra; theca erecta, subcylin-
dracea, castanea nitidiuscula. Caetera ignota.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, on trees, altitude about 200 m,
Merrill 83 5
Species B. cyrtopodi F. v. Mull, affinis, sed seta brevi foliisque longe
aristatis dignoscenda.
PTYCHOMNIACEAE
GLYPTOTHECIUM Flampe
GLYPTOTHECIUM SCIUROIDES (Hook.) Hamp.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, on trees, altitude about
1,800 m, Merrill 7871.
Area: Java, eastern Australia, Tasmania, New Zealand, New Guinea.
HAM PE ELLA C. Muller
HAMPEELLA LEPTODICTYON Broth, sp. nov.
Dioica; gracilescens, pallide viridis, sericeo-nitens ; caulis elon-
gatus, repens, per totam longitudinem hie illic fasciculatim
fusco-radiculosus, dense foliosus, dense subpinnatim ramosus,
ramis adscendentibus vel suberectis, vix ultra 1 cm longis, den-
siuscule et complanate foliosis, obtusis, superne pilis numerosis
articulatis f uscis instructis ; folia ramea lateralia patula, oblongo-
lanceolata, plerumque breviter acuminata, marginibus erectis vel
interne uno latere anguste recurvis, e medio ad apicem serrulatis,
nervis binis, brevissimis vel nullis, cellulis angustissime linear-
ibus, basilaribus infimis laxis, abbreviatis, hyalinis. Caetera
ignota.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree, altitude 7 m, Weber 1313.
Species H. pallenti (Lac.) Fleisch. valde similis, sed foliis erectioribus,
densius areolatis dignoscenda.
MYURIACEAE
M YURI DM Schimper
MYURIUM RUFESCENS (Reinw. et Hornsch.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Albay, Mount Mayon, Bur. Sei. 6^92 Robinson (f.
gracilis. Negros, Calaon Volcano, on trees, mossy forest, altitude 2,000-
2,200 m, Merrill 680i, 6810, 6830.
Area: Khasia, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Amboina.
76
The Philippine Journal of Science
MYURIUM FOXWORTHYl (Broth.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude 1,900 m.
Bur. Sci. 9822 Robinson.
NECKERACEAE
PTEROBRYELLA (C. Miill.) C. Muller
PTEROBRYELLA LONGIFRONS (C. Mull.) C. Miill.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude 1,750 m.
Bur. Sci. 9811 Robinson.
TRACHYLOMA Bridel
TRACHYLOMA INDICUM Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude 800 m,
Bur. Sci. 9816 Robinson.
Area: Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Ceram, Halmaheira, New Guinea.
JAEGERINA C. Muller
JAEGERINA LUZONENSIS Broth, sp. nov.
Dioica; robustiuscula, caespitosa, caespitibus laxis, rigidis,
pallide lutescenti-viridibus, aetate fuscescentibus, vix nitidiuscu-
lis; caulis primariiis filiformis, repens, niger, parce radiculosus,
foliis squamiformibus, laxe dispositis, plerumque destructis ;
caules secundarii usque ad 10 cm longi, flexuosi, apice arcuati,
basi foliis destructis, dein dense foliosi, plerumque simplices,
raro supeme dichotomi, obtusi; folia sicca et humida e basi
adpressa horride patula, pluries plicata, e basi cordato-ovata lan-
ceolato-acuminata, acuta, marginibus erectis, superne minute
serrulatis, nervo tenui, longe infra apicem folii evanido, cellulis
valde incrassatis, lumine angustissimo, flexuoso', superioribus
dorso minutissime papillosis, basilaribus infimis, brevioribus et
laxioribus, fusco-aureis, alaribus vix diversis. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on trees, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill
7873.
Species J. stoloniferae C. Miill. habitu simillima, sed foliis cellulis valde
incrassatis, lumine angustissimo, flexuoso dignoscenda.
ENDOTRICHELLA C. Muller
ENDOTRICHELLA ELEGANS (Doz. et Molk.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, on trees, altitude
about 1,450 m. Bur. Sci. 1^075 Robinson: Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees,
altitude about 1,450 m, Vanoverbergh 437: Province of Pampanga, Mount
Arayat, For. Bur. 19348 Curran.
ENDOTRICHELLA GRACILESCENS Broth, sp. nov.
Dioica; gracilescens, lutescenti-viridis, nitida; caulis prima-
rius brevis, fusco-tomentosus ; caules secundarii usque ad 10 cm
longi, flexuosi, laxiuscule foliosi, simplices; folia sicca horride
VIII, C, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
77
patula, humida horizontalia, profunde pluries plicata, infima
ovalia vel oblonga, subito in subulam brevem vel longiorem con-
tracta, caetera multo angustiora, e basi ovali sensim lanceolato-
subulata, marginibus infeme anguste revolutis, superne argute
serratis, dentibus minutis inter jectis, nervis binis brevibus, cellu-
lis valde inter se porosis, anguste prosenchymaticis, apicalibus
brevioribus et laxioribus, basilaribus infimis, laxis, abbreviatis,
luteis, alaribus vix diversis; bracteae perichaetii minutae, erec-
tae, externae sensim subulatae, intimae obtusae, apice eroso-
dentatae; seta c. 1.6 mm alta, lutescenti-rubra, laevis; theca
erecta, oblonga, paulum asymmetrica, fuscidula, laevis; annulus
0; peristomium ut in E. elegante; spori 0.015-0.017 mm, fus-
ciduli, papillosi ; operculum e basi conica breviter et oblique ros-
tratum ; calyptra ignota.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude 404 m,
Weber 1328.
Species pulchella, praecedenti affinis, sed statura multo graciliore oculo
nudo jam dignoscenda.
ENDOTRICHELLA PERPLICATA Broth, sp. nov.
Species E. Wallisii et E. eleganti statura similis, sed foliis om-
nibus conformibus, angustioribus longius subulatis, distinctius
plicatis dignoscenda.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, San Isidro, Bur. Sci. 12126 Ramos.
ENDOTRICHELLA PILIFERA Broth, sp. nov.
Dioica; robusta, viridissima, nitidiuscula ; caulis primarvus
brevis, f usco-tomentosus ; caules secundarii usque ad 10 cm longi,
flexuosi, dense foliosi, simplices vel furcati; folia sicca erecto-
patentia, humida patentia, conformia, mollia, baud vel indistincte
plicata, oblonga, sensim lanceolato-subulata, piliformiter acumi-
nata, marginibus interne recurvis, superne minute serrulatis,
enervia, cellulis inter se porosis, laxiuscule rhomboideis, chlor-
ophyllosis, apicalibus brevioribus, basilaribus infimis laxis, ab-
breviatis, valde inter se porosis, luteis, alaribus baud diversis.
Caetera ignota.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude 15 m, Weber
1318.
Species pulcherrima, colore viridissimo foliisque piliferis prima fronte
dignoscenda.
GAROVAGLIA Endlicher
GAROVAGLIA PLICATA (Nees) Endl.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 522.
78
The Philippine Joui'nal of Science
1918
SYMPHYSODONTELLA Fleischer
SYMPHYSODONTELLA SUBULATA Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh
1364.
Area: Philippines.
FLORIBUNDARIA C. Muller
FLORIBUNDARIA FLORIBUNDA (Doz. et Molk.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Beng*uet, Bur. Sci. 12944 Fenix; Baguio and
vicinity. Bur. Sci. 14014, 14023 Robinson: Subprovince of Bontoc, altitude
about 1,300 m, Vanoverbergh 1008, 1265. Mindanao, District of Cotabato,
Bur. Sci. 11659 Robinson.
PAPILLARIA (C. Mull.) C. Miiller
PAPILLARIA FUSCESCENS (Hook.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, on trees, altitude about
1,800 m, Merrill 7829.
Area: Himalaya, Khasia, Nilghiri, Coorg, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, Ce-
ram, Celebes, and Sumbava.
AEROBRYOPSIS Fleischer
AEROBRYOPSIS LANOSA (Mitt.) Broth.
PoLiLLO, Bur. Sci. 10514 McGregor.
Area: Sikkim, Ceylon, Sumatra, Celebes, Tonkin, Hongkong, Philippines,
and Carolines.
BARBELLA (C. Mull.) Fleischer
BARBELLA PENDULA (Sull.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude about
1,550 m, Merrill 7531.
BARBELLA ( DICLADI ELLA ) HORRIDULA Broth, sp. nov.
Tenella, lutescens, nitidiuscula ; caulis elongatus, per totam
longitudinem ramulo arete affixus, laxe foliosus, dense ramosus,
ramis valde complanatis, laxiuscule foliosis, brevibus, erectis
vel longe pendulis, basi tantum complanatis ibidemque simpli-
cibus vel parce ramulosis, dein flagelliformibus ; folia caulina
suberecta, lanceolato-subulata, plus minusve distincte piliformiter
acuminata, marginibus erectis, integris, nervo tenui, usque ad
medium folii evanido, cellulis linearibus parce papillosis, subob-
scuris, basilaribus infimis abbreviatis, laxis, alaribus baud di-
versis; folia lateralia rami complanati horride patula, subulato-
acuminata, marginibus superne serrulatis. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12807 Fenix.
Species ob staturam tenellam cum B. trichode Fleisch. comparanda, sed
foliorum forma et structura jam longe diversa. ’
VIII, C, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
79
BARBELLA ( DICLADI ELLA) MACROBLASTA Broth, sp. nov.
Tenella, lutescens, sericeo-nitida ; caules secundarii penduli,
usque ad 20 cm longi, tenues, flexuosi, laxiuscule foliosi, remote
ramosi, ramis brevibus, complanate foliosis vel longioribus, basi
tantum complanatis, dein flagelliformibus, simplicibus ; folia
caulina suberecta, e basi pulchre auriculata lanceolato-subulata,
pilo longissimo, minute denticulate terminata, marginibus basi
inflexis, dein erectis, ubique distincte denticulatis, enervia, cellu-
lis rhomboideo-linearibus, pellucidis, laevibus, basilaribus brev-
ioribus, inter se porosis, alaribus numerosis, ovali-hexagonis
vel subquadratis ; folia lateralia rami complanati patentia, eis-
dem caulinis similia, sed argutius denticulatis cellulisque brevio-
ribus. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, altitude 1,600 m, Vanoverbergh 528.
Species cum B. subulifera Fleiscli. comparanda, sed foliis omnibus longe
piliferis jam dignoscenda.
BARBELLA ENERVIS (Mitt.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on trees in dense thickets, altitude
about 1,500 m, Merrill 78i8: Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, Vanover-
bergh 980.
Area; Ceylon, Coorg, Queensland, New South Wales, and Lord Howe’s
Island.
METEORIOPSIS Fleischer
METEORIOPSIS RECLINATA (C. Miill.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 787
Bur. Sci. 129^0 Fenix; Baguio and vicinity, on trees, altitude about 1,440
m. Bur. Sci. HO 12, H021 Robinson: Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees,
altitude about 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh 127U.
AEROBRYUM Dozy et Molkenboer
AEROBRYUM SPECIOSUM Doz. et Molk.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanover-
bergh 1270.
Area: Sikkim, Bhotan, Khasia, Ceylon, Java, Amboina, Celebes, Philip-
pines.
TRACHYPODOPSIS Fleischer
TRACHYPODOPSIS CRISPATULA (Hook.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 7826.
TRACHYPUS Reinwardt et Hornschuch
TRACHYPUS SUBBICOLOR C. Miill.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanover-
bergh 1280.
80
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
TRACHYPUS HUMILIS Lindb.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, on trees, altitude about
2,000 m, Merrill 78S9.
Area: Japan.
PSEUDOSPIRIDENTOPSIS (Broth.) Fleischer
PSEUDOSPIRIDENTOPSIS HORRIDA (Broth.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 7859.
CALYPTOTHECIUM Mitten
CALYPTOTHECIUM TUMIDUM (Dicks.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 783^,
7853: Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverhergh
1273, 1317.
CALYPTOTHECIUM RAMOSII Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicum; gracilescens, rigidum, pallide lutescenti-viride, niti-
dum; caulis primarius repens, filiformis, foliis squamaefor-
mibus remotis, parce radiculosus, ad insertionem caul, secundar.
fusco-tomentosus ; caules secundarii inter se remoti, vix ultra
5 cm longi, stricti nec penduli, rubri, interne simplices, foliis
squamaeformibus, plerumque destructis, dein laxiuscule com-
planate foliosi, pinnatim ramosi, ramis patulis, usque ad 1.5
cm longis, laxiuscule et complanate foliosis, simplicibus, obtusis ;
folia caulina horride patula, asymmetrica, laevia, e basi grosse
auriculata, late ovali ligulata, sensim breviter acuminata, acuta,
marginibus alis inflexis, caeterum erectis, minutissime serru-
latis, nervo tenui, vix ultra medium folii producto, cellulis angus-
tissimis, basilaribus laxioribus, inter se porosis, infimis laxis,
plerumque fusco-aureis ; folia ramea minora, minutius auricu-
lata. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 13 Ramos.
Species distinctissima, cum nulla alia commutanda.
NECKEROPSIS Reichardt
NECKEROPSIS LEPINEANA (Mont.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 7881.
NECKEROPSIS GRACILENTA (Bryol. jav.) Fleisch.
Mindanao, District of Cotabato, Bur. Sci. 11662 Robinson: Subprovince
of Butuan, on branches of trees, altitude 15 m, Weber 1322. POLILLO,
Bur. Sci. 10510 McGregor.
VIII, C, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
81
HIMANTHOCLADIUM (Mitt.) Fleischer
HIMANTHOCLADIUM LORIFORME (Bryol. jav.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12811, 129 U5 Fenix:
Province of Laguna, Calauan, Bur. Sci. 12511 McGregor. Mindanao, Sub-
province of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude 10-15 m, Weher 1299, 1324.
POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 6948 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 10507 McGregor.
HOMALIODENDRON Fleischer
HOMALIODENDRON FLABELLATU IVI (Dicks.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergk
1315.
PINNATELLA (C. Mull.) Fleischer
PINNATELLA ALOPECUROIDES (Hook.) Fleisch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 7852.
Area: Nepal, Bhotan, Sikkim, Burma, Ceylon, and Sumbava.
PINNATELLA LUZONENSIS Broth, sp. nov.
Species praecedenti habitu valde similis, sed foliis anguste
et breviter acuminatis, limbo intralimbali nullo dignoscenda.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude above 1,500 m, Merrill 7880.
THAMNIUM Schimper
THAMNIUM ELLIPTICUM (Bryol. jav.) Kindb.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 9322 Robinson.
Area: Sumatra, Java, and the Philippines.
ENTODONTACEAE
CLASTOBRYUM Dozy et Molkenboer
CLASTOBRYUM MERRILLII Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, rufescen-
tibus, nitidiusculis ; caulis elongatus, repens, hie illic fascicula-
tim fusco-radiculosus, dense pinnatim ramosus, ramis vix ultra
4 mm longis, adscendentibus vel suberectis, dense foliosis, tere-
tibus, pilis axillaribus paucis instructis, simplicibus, obtusis ; folia
ramea sicca laxe imbricata, humida erecto-patentia, concava, e
basi contracta ovalia, rarius ovata, acuta, marginibus late
recurvis, minute serrulatis, enervia, cellulis anguste rhomboi-
deis, apice papillose exstante, basilaribus infimis luteis, alaribus
paucis, minutis, ovalibus, luteis; bracteae perichaetii internae
erectae, lanceolato-acuminatae, argute serratae, dentibus patu-
lis; seta c, 1 cm alta, tenuissima, rubra, laevissima. Caetera
ignota.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Pauai, on tree trunks, Merrill 6677.
Species C. indico Doz. et Molk. affinis, sed statura tenuiore, foliis
ovalibus vel ovatis, cellulis alaribus paucis, minutis, optime diversa.
11«»76 — 2
82 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
ENTODON C. Miiller
ENTODON LONGIDENS Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, For. Bur. 1590^ Bacani; Mount Ton-
glon, on boulders in forests, Merrill 7823.
CAMPYLODONTIUM Dozy et Molkenboer
CAMPYLODONTIUM FLAVESCENS (Hook.) Bryol. jav,
Mindanao, Subprovince of Bukidnon, altitude 575 m, Weber 1506.
ERYTHRODONTIUM Hampe
ERYTHRODONTIUM SQUARRULOSUM (Mont.) C. Mull.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 136^5 Ramos: Subprovince of
Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,300 m, Vanoverbergh 1350. Mindanao, Sub-
province of Bukidnon, Weber 1508.
FABRONIACEAE
FABRONIA Raddi
FABRONIA CURVIROSTRIS Doz. et Molk.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,250 m, Vanoverbergh
1296.
MERRILLIOBRYUM Brotherus
MERRILLIOBRYUM FABRONIOIDES Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanover-
bergh 1286.
HOOKERIACEAE
DALTON I A Hooker et Taylor
DALTONIA ANGUSTI FOLIA Doz. et Molk. var. STRICTIFOLIA (Mitt.)
Fleisch.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on small trees in forests, altitude 2,200 m,
Merrill 6813.
Area: Ceylon and Java.
ERIOPUS (Brid.) C. Muller
ERIOPUS MICROBLASTUS Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicus; gracilis, caespitosus, caespitibus laxis, pallide viridi-
bus, vernicoso-nitidis ; caulis vix ultra 1 cm longus, adscendens
vel suberectus, basi ^usco-tomentosus, laxe et complanate folio-
sus, secus totam longitudinem vel apice tantum saepe dense
et fasciculatim rhizoideis fuscis instructus, simplex, obtusus
vel breviter attenuatus; folia sicca vix mutata, lateralia patula,
asymmetrica, ovalia, raptim breviter subulata, supra medium
argute serrata, nervis binis, uno crasso, brevi, altero saepe
nullo, cellulis ovali-hexagonis, collenchymaticis, superioribus
minutis, dein sensim majoribus, basilaribus oblongo-hexagonis,
VIII, C, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
83
marginalibus angustissimis, limbum lutescentem, biseriatum
efformantibus ; folia dorsalia et ventralia oblique erecto-patentia,
minora, late ovalia. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude 1,750 m.
Bur. Sci. 9813 Robinson.
Species ob foliorum cellulis minutis cum E. parvireti Fleisch. compa-
randa, sed foliis superne argute serratis jam dignoscenda.
CALLICOSTELLA (C. Miill.) Mitten
CALLICOSTELLA PAPILLATA (Mont.) Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Bur. Sci. ll^H.8 Robinson: Prov-
ince of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 13UU, 13H5 Ramos. Mindanao, District of Zam-
boanga, on rotten logs, altitude 800 m, Merrill 8359 (forma seta superne
scabriuscula) .
CHAETOMITRIUM Dozy et Molkenboer
CHAETOMITRIUM ORTHORRH YNCH U M (Doz. et Molk.) Bryol. jav.
Mindanao, District of Cotabato, on branches and twigs of trees, altitude
600 m, Weber 1521. POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 10504, 10511 McGregor.
Area: Sumatra, Java, Celebes, and Borneo.
CHAETOMITRIUM PAPI LLI FOLI U M Bryol. jav.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on trees, altitude 8 m, Weber 1498.
Area: Ceylon, Java, and the Andaman Islands.
CHAETOMITRIUM PH I LI PPI N ENSE (Mont.) Bryol. jav.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on Ficus trees, altitude 6-15 m,
Weber 1292, 1306.
Area: Java, Ceram, Philippines.
CHAETOMITRIUM WARBURGII Broth.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks and branches, alti-
tude 15 m, Weber 1323. POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 10513 McGregor.
Area: Philippines.
CHAETOMITRIUM SERIATUM Broth.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on trees in forests, altitude 8 m,
Weber 1496.
Area: Borneo and Philippines.
CHAETOMITRIUM WEBERI Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxis, laete
viridibus, nitidiusculis ; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam lon-
gitudinem fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, dense ramosus,
ramis vix ultra 5 mm longis, subaequilongis, erectis vel sub-
erectis, strictis, densiuscule et complanate foliosis, simplicibus,
obtusis; folia ramea concava, laevia, lateralia patula, oblonga,
infra apicem breviter lanceolatum contracta, marginibus denti-
culatis, inferne anguste recurvis, superne parce undulatis, nervis
84
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
binis, brevibus, cellulis angustissimis, papilla apicali, acuta
instructis, ventralia et dorsalia minora, erectiora, caulina lon-
gius acuminata. Caetera ignota.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on Ficus tree, altitude 6 m, Weher
1309.
Species cum C. Geheebii Broth, comparanda.
HYPOPTERYGIACEAE
LOPIDIUM Hooker filius et Wilson
LOPIDIUM JAVAN ICUM Hamp. forma ACUTI FOLIUM Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude 1,600 m,
Bur. Sci. 9804 Robinson.
Area: Java and Mindanao.
HYPOPTERYGIUM Bridel
HYPOPTERYGIUM CEYLANICUM Mitt.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 767.
Area: Ceylon, Sumatra, Java, and New Guinea.
HYPOPTERYGIUM VRIESEI Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Siniloan trail. Bur. Sci. 9477 Robinson.
Area: Sumatra, Java, Ceram, and New Guinea.
CYATHOPHORELLA Fleischer
CYATHOPHORELLA ADIANTHOIDES Broth, sp. nov.
Dioica; robustiuscula, rigida, saturate viridis, opaca; caulis
primarius longiusculus, fusco-tomentosus ; caules secundarii
numerosi, usque ad 6 cm longi, laxissime foliosi, ob folia supe-
riora sensim minora caudatae, simplices; folia difRciliter emol-
lita, media maxima, horizontalia, asymmetrica, ovato-oblonga,
sensim breviter subulata, usque ad 7 mm longa et vix ultra 2
mm lata, superne aculeato-serrata, dentibus singulis e cellulis
pluribus constructis, nervo brevi, saepe furcato, cellulis laxis,
ovali- vel oblongo-hexagonis, marginalibus angustis, limbum
uniseriatum, lutescentem efformantibus ; amphigastria sym-
metrica rotundato-ovalia, raptim breviter lanceolato-subulata,
superne parce serrata, dentibus semper unicellularibus, nervis
brevissimis, inaequalibus. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, on branches of trees. Bur. Sci. 13642 Ramos.
Species cum C. Adiantho (Griff.) et C. spinosa (C. Miill.) comparanda,
ab hac statura multo robustiore, foliorum amphigastriorumque forma, ab
ilia foliorum forma amphigastriisque brevius latiusque acuminatis, superne
parcius et minutius serratis dignoscenda.
vui, c, 2 Brotherus: Bryological Flora 85
LESKEACEAE
PELEKIUM Mitten
PELEKIUM VELATUM Mitt.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, on dead tree, Bur. Sci. 136JfJi. Ramos: Province
of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 9672 Robinson; Calauan, Bur. Sci. 125H McGregor:
Subprovince of Benguet, Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12803 Fenix. Mindanao, Sub-
province of Butuan, on bark of a prostrate tree, altitude 7 m, Weber 1307,
H97, 1500. POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 6852 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 10506 McGregor.
Lumbucan Island, (Sulu Sea), Merrill 7196.
THUIDIUM Bryol. eur.
THUIDIUM CYMBIFOLIUM (Doz. et Molk.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, on trees, altitude
about 1440 m. Bur. Sci. H022 Robinson; Sablang, Bur. Sci. 129^1, 12804.
Fenix: Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude 1,500 m. Bur. Sci.
9855 Robinson: Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude about 1,300 m,
V anoverbergh 961, 1264.
THUIDIUM PLUMULOSUM (Doz. et Molk.) Bryol. jav.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, on rocks, altitude 80 m. Bur. Sci. 9661 Robin-
son: Province of Tayabas, Tagcauayan, Bur. Sci. 13098 Foxworthy & Ramos.
HYPNACEAE
CAMPYLIUM (Sull.) Bryhn
CAMPYLIUM GLAUCOCARPUM (Reinw.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on trees, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill
7840: Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude about 1,650 m, V anoverbergh
891, 1162.
CTENIDIUM (Schimp.) Mitten
CTENIDIUM LUZONENSE Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, mollibus,
lutescenti-viridibus, sericeo-nitidis ; caulis elongatus, repens, per
totam longitudinem hie illic fasciculatim fusco-radiculosus,
densissime ramosus, ramis erectis, vix ultra 4 mm longis, dense
foliosis, simplicibus; folia ramea erecto-patentia, e basi cordata
lanceolato-subulata longe filiformiter attenuata, marginibus
erectis basi minute dein argute serratis, enervia, cellulis angus-
tissime linearibus, flexuosulis, laevissimis; bracteae perichaetii
e basi vaginante raptim subulatae, filiformiter attenuatae, ad
apicem partis vaginantis profunde incisae, laxe reticulatae ; seta
1.5-2 cm alta, flexuosula, rubra, laevissima; theca (junior)
subhorizontalis, oblonga, arcuatula, fuscidula; operculum alte
conicum, acutum. Calyptra ignota.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 6605 Robinson.
Species e tenerrimis, foliis erecto-patentibus, longe filiformiter attenua-
tis, cellulis laevissimis dignoscenda.
86
The Philippine Journal of Science
ELMERIOBRYUM Brotherus
191S
ELMERIOBRYUM PH I LI PPI N ENSE Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Bur. Sci, 129^3 Fenix; on damp banks,
altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill 7835; open ridges, on limestone boulders,
altitude about 1,600 m, Merrill 78^2; Baguio and vicinity. Bur. Sci. 11999
Robinson: Subprovince of Bontoc, on viret soil, altitude 1,650 m, Vanover-
bergh 1318; hillsides, altitude 1,200 m, Vanoverbergh 598.
Area: Philippines.
ECTROPOTHECIUM Mitten
ECTROPOTHECIUM VERRUCOSUM (Hamp.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Lutab to Cabayan, Bur. Sci. 8789 Mc-
Gregor: Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 9673 Robinson: Province of Union,
Bauang, Bur. Sd. 12989 Fenix. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on trees, altitude
about 2,000 m, Merrill 6825.
Area: Sumatra, Java, and New Caledonia.
ECTROPOTHECIUM MONUMENTORUM (Dub.) Jaeg.
Lumbucan Island, (Sulu Sea), on rotten log in forests, Merrill 7197,
719A.
Area: Sumatra, Java, and Borneo.
ECTROPOTHECIUM ASSIMILE Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12797 Fenix: Province
of Rizal, Montalban, on rocks, altitude 30 m. Bur. Sci. 965U Robinson. Min-
danao, Subprovince of Bukidnon, on rotten log, altitude 575 m, Weber 1507 :
Subprovince of Butuan, Weber 1501.
ECTROPOTHECIUM MICROPYXIS Broth.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, Weber 1U99.
ECTROPOTHECIUM ELEGANTI-PI N N ATU M (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, altitude about 2,000 m,
Merrill 78^6.
Area: Philippines.
ECTROPOTHECIUM LUZONIAE (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, on trees, altitude
about 1,450 m. Bur. Sci. H017, H016 Robinson.
ECTROPOTHECIUM SU Bl NTORQUATU M Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 19126 Tamesis: Subprovince of
Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh 1276: Subprovince of Le-
panto, Malaya Mountains, Bona 152. Mindanao, District of Zamboanga,
on trees, altitude about 1,000 m, Merrill 8358. Negros, Canlaon Volcano,
on prostrate logs in forests, altitude about 1,100 m, Merrill 6803.
STEREODON (Brid.) Mitten
8TEREODON LUZON ENSIS Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, on prostrate logs,
altitude about 1,800 m, Merrill 7858: Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh
783.
VIII, C, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
TRISMEGISTIA (C. Miill.) Brotherus
87
TRISMEGISTIA LANCIFOLIA (C. Miill.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Set. 12095, 12096 Ramos;
Paete, Bur. Sci. 10061 Ramos; Mount Banajao, on ground, altitude 1,500 m,
Bur. Sci. 9794. Robinson: Province of Rizal, San Isidro, on trees. Bur. Sci.
13442, 13447 Ramos. Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, altitude 122 m,
Weber 1293^ 1296. Negros, Mount Marapara, For. Bur. 13647 p. p. Curran
& Foxworthy. POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 10517, 10519 McGregor, Bur. Sci. 9107,
9200 Robinson.
TRISMEGISTIA KORTHALSIl (C. Mull.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calvin 331.
MASTOPOMA Cardot
MASTOPOMA UNCINIFOLIUM (Broth.) Card.
Negros, Mount Marapara, For. Bur. 13647 P- P- Curran & Foxworthy.
Area: Mindanao.
ISOPTERYGIUM Mitten
ISOPTERYGIUM ALBESCENS (Schwaegr.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Bur. Sci. 12938 Fenix. Negros, Canlaon
Volcano, on trees, altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill 6818.
PLAGIOTHECIUM Bryol. eur.
PLAGIOTHECIUM MIQUELII (Bryol. jav.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 16645 Curran. POLILLO, Bur. Sci.
10512, 10520 McGregor.
PLAGIOTHECIOPSIS Brotherus genus novum
PLAGIOTHECIOPSIS PHILIPPINENSIS Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; robustiusculum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxius-
culis, mollibus, viridibus, nitidiusculis ; caulis elongatus, repens,
per totam longitudinem hie illic fasciculatim fusco-radiculosus,
dense et complanate foliosus, dense pinnatim ramosus, ramis
patulis, valde complanatis, dense foliosis, plerumque brevibus,
vix ultra 5 mm longis, simplicibus, singulis longioribus, pinnatim
ramulosis ; folia lateralia patula, concava, ovalia, apiculata, apice
denticulata, dorsalia et ventralia minora et angustiora, breviter
lanceolato-acuminata, enervia, cellulis laxis, superioribus ovali-
hexagonis, dein sensim longioribus ; bracteae perichaetii internae
erectae, e basi semivaginante sensim longe lanceolato-acuminatae,
subintegrae; seta 1.2-2 cm alta, tenuis, flexuosula, rubra;
theca suberecta vel inclinata, paulum asymmetrica, cylindra-
cea, brevicollis, leptodermis, pallide fuscidula ; annulus angustus ;
exostomii dentes sicci e basi reflexa circinato-incurvi, anguste
lanceolato-subulati, c. 0.55 mm longi et c. 0.05 mm lati, lutei.
88
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
albide limbati, basi dense transverse striolati, dein minute
papillosi, dense lamellati; endostomium fusco-luteum, minute
papillosum ; corona basilaris c. 0.010 mm alta ; processus dentium
longitudinis, angusti, carinati, saepe divisi, cruribus diver-
gentibus; cilia 0; spori 0.010-0.015 mm, virides, laeves; opercu-
lum e basi alte conica breviter et oblique rostratum.
Mindanao, District of Davao, on trees, altitude 120 m, Weher H79.
Genus novum inter Plagiothecium et Vesiculariam ponendum, ab ambobus
peristomii structura omnino diversum.
VESICULARIA (C. Miill.) C. Muller
VESICULARIA RETICULATA (Doz. et Molk.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, on rotten logs, altitude about
15 m, Weber 1591.
Area: Nepal, Sikkim, Khasia, Sumatra, Java, and Celebes.
VESICULARIA CAM PYLOTH ECl U M (Broth.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on rocks in small clear streams, sub-
merged, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 785k : Pi’ovince of Laguna, Calauan,
Bur. Sci. 12518 McGregor: Province of Union, Bauang, Bur. Sci. 12988
Fenix.
VESICULARIA MEYENIANA (Hamp.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, on damp rocks. Bur. Sci. 9890
Robinson; Calauan, Bur. Sci. 12515 McGregor: Province of Tayabas, In-
fanta, Bur. Sci. 932k Robinson; Cabibihan, Bur. Sci. 13150 Foxworthy &
Ramos: Province of Rizal, Tanay, on wet rocks. Bur. Sci. 11879 Robinson
& Ramos: Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7578 Ramos. Mindanao, Sub-
province of Butuan, on damp rocks, Weber lk97 p. p. Leyte, Malitbog, on
damp rocks, altitude 70 m, Weber 1528.
VESICULARIA DUBYANA (C. Miill.) Broth.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on damp clay bank, altitude 10 m,
Weber 1288.
Area: Java, Banca, Amboina, Aru.
VESICULARIA FILICUSPES Broth, sp. nov.
Autoica; caespitosa, caespitibus laxis, depressis, lutescentibus,
nitidiusculis ; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longitudinem
hie illic fasciculatim fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule foliosus, dense
et regulariter pinnatim ramosus, ramis patulis, aequilongis,
vix ultra 5 mm longis, dense et complanate foliosis, simplicibus,
obtusis; folia sicca vix mutata, falcatula, concava; caulina e
basi ovali sensim lanceolata, in acumen longissimum, piliforme
attenuata, marginibus erectis vel interne angustissime recurvis,
integris vel subintegris, enervia, cellulis teneris, elongate rhom-
boideis (5:1 usque ad 7:1), basilaribus infimis laxis, abbreviatis;
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
VIII, c, 2
89
folia ramea eisdem caulinis similia, sed brevius piliferis, mar-
ginibus superne distincte serrulatis. Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Tagcauayan, on trunks of trees, Bur. Sci.
IS 100 Foxworthy & Ramos.
Species V. pilireti (Broth.) Broth, affinis, sed foliis falcatulis foliisque
longissime piliferis raptim dignoscenda.
VESICULARIA SPLENDIDA Broth, sp. nov.
Autoica; robustiuscula, caespitosa, caespitibus laxis, lutes-
centi-viridibus, nitidis ; caulis elongatus repens, per totam longi-
tudinem hie illic fasciculatim fusco-radiculosus, laxiuscule et
valde complanate foliosus, laxe et irregulariter pinnatim ramo-
sus, ramis inaequilongis, usque ad 1.5 cm longis, valde com-
planatis, laxiuscule foliosis, simplicibus, obtusis; folia caulina
lateralia patentia, asymmetrica, ovalia breviter lanceolato-
subulata, marginibus erectis, superne minutissime serrulatis,
enervia, cellulis teneris, elongate rhomboideis (6:1 usque ad
10:1), parce chlorophyllosis, ventralia et dorsalia erectiora,
subsymmetrica ; folia ramea eisdem caulinis similia. Caetera
ignota.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, Bur. Sci. 11875 Robinson & Ramos.
Species pulchra, V. campylothecio alRnis, sed nitore, statura robustiore
foliisque angustius reticulatis dignoscenda.
TAXITHELIUM Spruce
TAXITHELIUM INSTRATUM (Brid.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, on dead tree. Bur. Sci. 136^3 Ramos. POLILLO,
Bur. Sci. 10521 McGregor. Lumbucan Island, (Sulu Sea), Merrill 7193.
TAXITHELIUM NEPALENSE (Schwaegr.) Broth.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on decaying prostrate tree, altitude
10 m, Weber 1325.
Area: Nepal, Bengal, Ceylon, Java, Borneo, and Amboina.
TAXITHELIUM (POLYSTIGMA VERA) PERCAPILLIPES Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; robustiusculum, pallide lutescenti-viride, opacum;
caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longitudinem substrato
afRxus, laxiuscule foliosus, dense pinnatim ramosus, ramis
patulis, vix ultra 1 cm longis, laxiuscule foliosis, complanatis,
simplicibus, obtusis ; folia lateralia patentia, cochleariformi-
concava, e basi contracta ovalia, apiculata, marginibus erectis,
superne minutissime denticulatis, enervia, cellulis angustissime
linearibus, dense et seriatim papillosis, basilaribus brevioribus
et latioribus, laevibus, alaribus magnis, oblongis, vesicularibus,
hyalinis; bracteae perichaetii internae erectae, e basi vaginante
90
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
sensim longe lanceolato-subulatae, superne denticulatae ; seta
usque ad 2 cm alta, tenuissima, rubra, laevissima; theca erecta
vel suberecta, minutissima, ovalis, sicca deoperculata sub ore
valde constricta, fusca; operculum conicum, apiculatum,
POLILLO, on branches of trees, Bur. Sci. 6885 Robinson.
Species T. instrcTto affinis, sed statura robustiore, foliis laxioribus, ova-
libus, apiculatis, necnon theca minutissima, erecta vel suberecta optime
diversa.
TAXITHELIUM (POLYSTIGMA APTERA) BENGUETIAE Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; tenerrimum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, molli-
bus, pallide lutescentibus, nitidiusculis ; caulis elongatus, repens,
hie illic fasciculatim fusco-radiculosus, dense ramosus, ramis
suberectis, densiuscule foliosis, brevibus, vix ultra 5 mm longis,
vel longioribus, subpinnatim ramulosis; folia falcatula, conca-
viuscula, ovato-lanceolata, breviter subulato-acuminata, mar-
ginibus erectis, superne minutissime serrulatis vel subintegris,
enervia, cellulis angustissimis, tenerrime seriatim papillosis,
basilaribus infimis abbreviatis, luteis, alaribus vesiculosis paucis-
simis, minutis, hyalinis, supra alaribus, minutis, subquadratis ;
bracteae perichaetii internae e basi vaginante sensim longis-
sime subulatae, superne serrulatae; seta usque ad 1 cm alta,
tenuissima, flexuosula, rubra, laevissima; theca inclinata, minu-
tissima, asymmetrica, sicca deoperculata sub ore constricta,
fuscidula; operculum ignotum.
Luzon, Province of Benguet, on tree trunks, Sanchez 10.
Species pulchella, teneritate omnium partium, foliis falcatulis, cellulis
alaribus vesiculosis paucissimis, hyalinis faciliter dignoscenda.
TAXITHELIUM (POLYSTIGMA APTERA) HORRIDULUM Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, lutes-
centibus, subopacis; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longi-
tudinem substrate affixus, laxiuscule foliosus, dense pinnatim
ramosus, ramis patulis, vix ultra 3 mm Jongis, complanatulis,
laxiuscule foliosis, simplicibus, obtusis; folia lateralia horride
patula, concava, e basi plerumque contracta oblongo-lanceolata,
subulato-acuminata, marginibus erectis, integris, enervia, cellu-
lis anguste linearibus, distincte seriatim papillosis, alaribus
paucis, minutis, quadratis; bracteae perichaetii internae e basi
vaginante longe subulatae, integrae vel subintegrae; seta c.
5 mm alta, tenuissima, rubra, laevissima ; theca suberecta, minu-
tissima, ovalis, fusca; operculum ignotum.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on dead trees, altitude 890
m. Bur. Sci. 9773 Robinson.
Species tenella, foliis horride patulis oculo nudo jam dignoscenda.
VIII, C, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
91
TAXITHELIUM (POLYSTIGMA APTERA) RAMICOLA Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus laxis, pallide
lutescentibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longi-
tudinem substrate affixus, laxiuscule foliosus, pinnatim ramosus,
ramis patentibus, plerumque vix ultra 6 mm longis, singulis
longioribus, pinnatim ramulosis, ramis et ramulis densiuscule
foliosis, valde complanatis, cum foliis c. 2 mm latis, obtusis;
folia lateralia patentia, concava, a basi contracta lanceolata,
sensim breviter et anguste acuminata, marginibus erectis, in-
tegerrimis, enervia, cellulis anguste linearibus, distincte seriatim
papillosis, alaribus paucis, parvis; bracteae perichaetii internae
erectae, e basi vaginante longe subulatae, superne minutissime
serrulatae; seta vix ultra 8 mm alta, tenuissima, flexuosula,
lutescenti-rubra, laevissima; theca suberecta, minutissima, ova-
lis, sicca deoperculata sub ore constricta, f usca ; operculum
ignotum.
POLILLO, on branches of trees. Bur. Sci. 10509 McGregor.
Species T. Lindbergii (Bryol. jav.) valde affinis sed statura robustiore
foliisque angustioribus dignoscenda.
TAXITHELIUM LINDBERGII (Bryol. jav.) Ren. et Card.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1650 m, Vanoverbergk
1277.
Area: Java, Borneo, Ceram, and Saperoa.
TAXITHELIUM ALARE Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on dead trees, altitude 800
m. Bur. Sci. 9772 Robinson.
TAXITHELIUM PAPILLATUM (Harv.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Tagcauayan, Bur. Sci. 13099 Foxworthy &
Ramos: Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 14585 Ramos.
LEUCOMIACEAE
LEUCOMIUM Mitten
LEUCOMIUM PHILIPPINENSE Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicum; gracilescens, caespitosum, caespitibus densiusculis,
depressis, mollibus, pallide viridibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus,
repens, per totam longitudinem hie illic fusco-radiculosus, valde ^
ramosus, ramis subpinnatim ramulosis, ramis et ramulis valde
complanatis, densiuscule foliosis, obtusis ; folia sicca vix mutata,
concaviuscula, lateralia patentia, ovato-lanceolata, sensim longe
filiformi-attenuata, marginibus erectis, integerrimis, enervia,
cellulis laxis, tenerrimis, elongate rhombeis vel hexagonis, sub-
inanibus ; seta c. 1 cm alta, tenuis, flexuosula, rubra, apice parce
92
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
et indistincte scaberula; theca horizontalis, oblonga, crassi-
collis, fusca; operculum e basi convexo-conica longe aciculare.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calauan, Bur. Sci. 12517 McGregor.
Species L. aneurodictyo (C. Miill.) Jaeg. affinis, sed foliis vix contractis,
longius acuminatis dignoscenda.
SEMATOPHYLLACEAE
MEIOTHECIUM Mitten
MEIOTHECIUM MICROCARPUM (Harv.) Mitt.
Mindanao, District of Cotabato, Bur. Sci. 11706 Robinson.
Area: Nepal, Ceylon, Sumatra, Banca, Java, Amboina, Borneo, and New
Guinea.
MEIOTHECIUM JAGORI (C. Miill.) Broth.
POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 9076 Robinson.
Area: Ceylon, Malacca, Java, Amboina, and Celebes.
MEIOTHECIUM ATTENUATUM Broth, sp. nov.
Species robusta, M. microcarpo valde affinis, sed foliis raptim
anguste lanceolato-acuminatis dignoscenda.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 1209i Ramos: Sub-
province of Benguet, in ravines, on branches of trees, altitude about 1,500 m,
Merrill 7832 (f. robusta).
RHAPHIDOSTEGIUM (Bryol. eur.) De Notaris
RHAPHIDOSTEGIUM SAPROXYLOPH I LU M (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calauan, Bur. Sci. 12516 McGregor: Province
of Rizal, Mount Canumay, on bamboo. Bur. Sci. 13797 Ramos. Mindanao,
District of Davao, on bamboo, altitude 550 m, Weber H.78.
Area: Java.
RHAPHIDOSTEGIUM M ICROCLADIOI DES Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, lutescen-
tibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam longitudinem
dense fusco-radiculosus, densissime ramosus, ramis adscenden-
tibus vel erectis, vix ultra 5 mm longis, dense foliosis, complana-
tulis, simplicibus, obtusis; folia ramea erecto-patentia, conca-
viuscula, e basi ovali vel oblonga lanceolato-subulata, marginibus
latiuscule recurvis, integris vel apice minutissime denticulatis,
enervia, cellulis incrassatis, lumine angustissime linear!, basi-
laribus luteis, alaribus magnis, oblongis, vesiculosis, hyalinis,
omnibus laevissimis; hracteae perichaetii internae erectae, e
basi vaginante sensim breviter lanceolato-subulatae, marginibus
superne argute denticulatis; seta usque ad 2 cm alta, tenuis,
flexuosula, rubra, apice mammillis humillimis latis luteis in-
structa ; theca horizontalis ovalis, brevicollis, castanea ; operculum
ignotum.
VIII, c, * Brotherus: Bryological Flora 93
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude 396 m, Weber
1S12.
Species cum R. microclado (Doz. et Molk.) Broth, comparanda.
RHAPHIDOSTEGIUM TRISTICULUM (Mitt.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Sanchez 6, For. Bur. 15639 Curran;
Baguio and vicinity, altitude about 1,450 m. Bur. Sci. 14053 Robinson.
Area: Khasia, Assam, Annam, Tonkin, Coorg, Ceylon, Sumatra, Java.
WARBURGIELLA C. Muller
WARBURGIELLA CUPRESSINOIDES C. Miill.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Pulog, For. Bur. 16413 Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke.
Area: Mindanao and Batjan.
TRICHOSTELEUM (Mitt.) Jaeger
TRICHOSTELEUM HAMATUM (Doz. et Molk.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on dead wood, altitude
1,600-2,000 m. Bur. Sci. 9801, 9802, 9825 Robinson. Mindanao, District of
Zamboanga, on prostrate logs, altitude about 1,000 m, Merrill 8356.
TRICHOSTELEUM CYLINDRICUM (Reinw. et Hornsch.) Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, on prostrate logs, altitude
about 2,000 m, Merrill 7822, 7863.
TRICHOSTELEUM (RHAPHIDOSTEGIOPSIS) BREVISETUM Broth, sp.
nov.
Autoicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, mollibus,
lutescenti-viridibus, opacis; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam
longitudinem dense fusco-radiculosus, dense ramosus, ramis
vix ultra 3 mm longis, suberectis, dense foliosis, simplicibus;
folia ramea falcatula, canaliculato-concava, oblongo-lanceolata,
raptim in acumen elongatum, filiforme attenuata, marginibus sub-
conniventibus, e medio ad apicem serrulatis, enervia, cellulis
baud incrassatis, anguste rhomboideis, superioribus papilla media
majuscula instructis, basilaribus luteis, alaribus magnis, oblon-
gis, vesiculosis; bracteae perichaetii internae e basi late vagi-
nante raptim in acumen reflexum, filiforme, serrulatum atte-
nuatae, ad apicem partis vaginantis utrinque profunde incisae;
seta 1 cm vel paulum ultra alta, tenuissima, flexuosula, rubra,
laevissima ; theca horizontalis, minuta, ovalis, sicca deoperculata,
sub ore constricta, f usca ; operculum ignotum.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, on trees, altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh
1314.
Species praecedenti affinis, sed statura multo teneriore nec non seta
brevi oculo nudo jam dignoscenda.
1918
94 The Philippine Journal of Science
TRICHOSTELEUM ( PAPI LLI Dl U M ) MINDANENSE Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; tenellum, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, depressis,
lutescenti-viridibus, opacis; caulis elongatus, repens, per totam
longitudinem dense fusco-radiculosus, dense pinnatim ramosus,
ramis patulis, vix ultra 5 mm longis, dense et complanate foliosis,
simplicibus, obtusis; folia patentia, concava, e basi contracta
oblongo-elliptica, sensim lanceolato-acuminata vel acumine bre-
viter subulate, marginibus erectis, superne serrulatis, enervia,
cellulis anguste ellipticis, papilla media, alta instructis, alaribus
magnis, oblongis, vesiculosis, hyalinis vel luteis; bracteae peri-
chaetii internae e basi vaginante raptim longe subulatae, ad
apicem partis vaginantis utrinque incisae, subula serrulata ; seta
vix ultra 8 mm alta, tenuissima, flexuosula, rubra, apice scaber-
rima; theca nutans, minutissima, ovalis, grosse mammillosa,
atropurpurea, sicca deoperculata, sub ore baud constricta ; oper-
culum ignotum.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Merrill 8355.
Species cum T. mammoso (C. Mull.) Jaeg. comparanda.
SEMATOPHYLLUM (Bryol. jav.) Jaeger
SEMATOPHYLLUM GRACILICAULE (Bryol. jav.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 9^10 Robinson.
Area: Java.
SEMATOPHYLLUM SUBULATUM (Hamp.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 9U37 Robinson.
SEMATOPHYLLUM (ACROPORIUM) TUBULOSUM Broth, sp. nov.
Dioicum; gracilescens, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, rigidis,
fusco-aureis, nitidis; caulis longiusculus, procumbens, fragilis,
vix radiculosus, densiuscule foliosus, plus minusve ramosus, ra-
mis patentibus, cuspidatis, brevibus, simplicibus, vel longioribus
et ramulosis; folia sicca et humida horride patula, tubulosa,
anguste lanceolato-subulata, c. 3 mm longa, marginibus in parte
Bubulata conniventibus, summo apice dentibus paucis instructis,
enervia, cellulis angustissime linearibus, laevissimis, alaribus
pluribus, magnis, oblongis, vesiculosis, fuscis; seta c. 2 cm alta,
tenuis, rubra, laevis ; theca inclinata, minutissima, paulum asym-
metrica, ovalis, fusca. Caetera ignota.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on trees, altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill 6819,
6826.
Species pulchra, S. Braunii (C. Miill.) forsan proxima, sed statura robus-
tiore foliisque horride patulis, angustioribus, longius subulatis oculo nudo
jam dignoscenda.
vni, c, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
95
SEMATOPHYLLUM BRAUNII (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on dead logs, altitude about
l, 700 m, Bur. Sci. 9810 Robinson.
Area: Sumatra, Java, Borneo, and Celebes.
SEMATOPHYLLUM (ACROPORIUM) BREVIPES Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; gracilescens, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, de-
pressis, lutescenti-viridibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens,
valde ramosus et ramulosus, ramis adscendentibus, dense folio-
sis, breviter cuspidatis; folia erecto-patentia, concava, ovato-
lanceolata, breviter acuminata, marginibus superne subconni-
ventibus, integris, enervia, cellulis angustissime linearibus, lae-
vissimis, alaribus pluribus, magnis, oblongis, vesiculosis, fuscis;
bracteae perichaetii internae erectae, e basi late vaginante subito
breviter subulatae, subula minute serrulata ; seta 8-10 mm, ten-
uissima, rubra, superne mammillis humillimis, latis luteis, ob-
tecta ; theca suberecta, breviter oblonga, brevicollis ; operculum e
basi conica rostratum, rostro aciculari, thecam longitudine su-
perante.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on ledges in small streams, more or less
submerged, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 7865.
Species a congeneribus autoicis seta brevi raptim dignoscenda.
SEMATOPHYLLUM (ACROPORIUM) ROBINSONII Broth, sp. nov.
Autoicum; gracilescens, caespitosum, caespitibus densis, de-
pressis, lutescenti-viridibus, nitidis; caulis elongatus, repens,
valde ramosus et ramulosus, ramis complanatulis dense foliosis,
cuspidatis; folia erecto-patentia, comalia ramulina subsecun-
dula, concava, ovato-lanceolata, subulato-acuminata, marginibus
superne conniventibus, integris, enervia, cellulis angustissime
linearibus, laevissimis, alaribus pluribus, magnis, oblongis, vesi-
culosis, fusco-aureis ; bracteae perichaetii internae erectae, e basi
late vaginante subito breviter subulatae, subula minute serrulata ;
seta c. 10 mm alta, tenuissima, rubra, e medio ad apicem scabra.
Caetera ignota.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on dead trees, altitude 1,600
m. Bur. Sci. 9800 Robinson.
Species praecedenti affinis, sed foliorum forma necnon seta superne scabra
optime diversa.
SEMATOPHYLLUM ALTO-PUNGENS (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9826 p. p. Robinson.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on trees, altitude about 2,000 m, Merrill 6807,
6811, 682i.
191S
96 The Philippine Journal of Science
SEMATOPHYLLUM HYALINUM (Reinw.) Jaeg.
Negros, Mount Marapara, For. Bur. 136^6 Curran & Foxworthy.
Area: Sumatra, Java, Banca, Borneo, Celebes, and the Philippines.
SEMATOPHYLLUM HERMAPHRODITUM (C. Miill.) Besch.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Copeland.
Area: Sumatra, Java, Celebes, and New Guinea.
SEMATOPHYLLUM (ACROPORIUM) BATANENSE Broth, sp. nov.
Phyllautoicum; gracilescens, caespitosum, caespitibus densis,
lutescenti-viridibus, nitidis ; caulis repens, dense ramosus et
ramulosus, ramis dense foliosis, breviter cuspidatis ; folia patula,
concava, ovato-lanceolata, breviter et anguste acuminata, margi-
nibus superne subconniventibus, integris, enervia, cellulis angus-
tissime linearibus, laevissimis, alaribus pluribus, magnis, oblon-
gis, vesiculosis, fuscis; bracteae perichaetii internae erectae, a
basi late vaginante raptim subulatae, subula argute serrata;
seta c. 18 mm alta, tenuissima, rubra, superne scabra; theca
subhorizontalis, ovalis, brevicollis, sicca deoperculata sub ore
constricta, fusca; operculum ignotum.
Batanes Islands, Bur. Sci. 3856 Fenix.
SEMATOPHYLLUM FALCIFOLIUM Fleisch.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 937U Robinson.
SEMATOPHYLLUM PILIFERUM Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on trees, altitude 2,200 m.
Bur. Sci. 9826 Robinson.
PILOECIUM C. Muller
PILOECIUM PSEUDORUFESCENS (Hamp.) C. Miill.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude 137 m, Weber
1330.
Area: Malacca, Sumatra, Philippines, and New Guinea.
BRACHYTHECIACEAE
PLEUROPUS Griffith
PLEUROPUS LUZONENSIS Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,550 m, Merrill 7861,
Bur. Sci. 129U2 Fenix; Baguio and vicinity, on trees, altitude about 1,440 m.
Bur. Sci. H020 Robinson.
Area: Luzon.
BRACHYTHECIUM Bryol. eur.
BRACHYTHECIUM OXYRRHYNCHUM (Doz. et Molk.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on rocks, altitude 800 m.
Bur. Sci. 9780 Robinson. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on earth, altitude about
2,000 m, Merrill 8623.
Area: Java.
VIII, C, 2
Brotherus: Bryological Flora
RHYNCHOSTEGIUM Bryol. eur.
97
RHYNCHOSTEGIUM MENADENSE (Bryol. jav.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, near Lucban, on trees, altitude 350 m, Bur.
Sci. 9711 Robinson.
Area: Celebes and Tonkin.
RHYNCHOSTEGIUM CELEBICUM (Bryol. jav.) Jaeg.
Mindanao, District of Davao, on trees, altitude 550 m, Weber H77.
Area: Celebes and Tonkin.
RHACOPILACEAE
RHACOPILUM Palisot de Beauvois
RHACOPILUM SPECTABILE Reinw. et Hornsch.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, altitude about 1,500 m, Merrill 78M;
Mount Tonglon, on trees, altitude about 1,800 m, Merrill 7872: Subprovince
of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 672. Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, in ravines,
altitude about 2,500 m, Merrill 8360: District of Cotabato, on decaying logs,
altitude 600 m, Weber 1520: Subprovince of Butuan, on tree trunks, altitude
548 m, Weber 1300.
HYPNODENDRACEAE
HYPNODENDRON (C. Mull.) Lindberg
HYPNODENDRON FORMOSICUM Card.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on earth, altitude 2,200 m, Merrill 6816.
HYPNODENDRON ARBORESCENS (Mitt.) Lindb.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 9373 Robinson. PoLiLLO,
Bur. Sci. 10515 McGregor.
Area: Ceylon, Java, Sumatra, Celebes.
MNIODENDRON Lindberg
MNIODENDRON DIVARICATUM (Reinw. et Hornsch.) Lindb.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, altitude 1820 m. Bur. Sci.
9818 Robinson.
Area: Philippines.
MNIODENDRON FUSCO-M UCRON ATU M (C. Mull.) Broth.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, altitude 500 m, Bur. Sci.
9730 Robinson.
BUXBAUMIACEAE
BUXBAUMIA Hall
BUXBAUMIA JAVANICA C. Mull.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on trees, mossy forest, very rare, altitude about
2,200 m, Merrill 6835.
Area: Java.
116076 3
98
The Philippine Journal of Science
POLYTRICHACEAE
POGONATUM Palisot de Beauvois
1913
POGONATUM ALBO-MARGINATUM (C. Miill.) Jaeg.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, on clay banks, along trails, altitude
about 1,500 m, Merrill 7866; Sablang, Bur. Sci. 12799 Fenix; Baguio and
vicinity, shaded banks and on earth in ravines, altitude about 1,450-1,500
m. Bur. Sci. 11972, lUOOl, H0S6, 1U0U9 Robinson: Subprovince of Bontoc,
altitude 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh 5^7, 7UU, 893.
POGONATUM NUDIUSCULUM Mitt.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, on banks in forests,
altitude about 1,800 m, Merrill 7833.
POGONATUM WARBURGII C. Miill.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on earth in forests, altitude 2,200 m, Merrill
6822.
POGONATUM SPURIO-CIRRATUM Broth.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio and vicinity, on earth in ravines,
altitude about 1,450 m. Bur. Sci. H039 Robinson: Province of Laguna,
Mount Banajao, on earth, altitude about 2,200 m, Merrill 7532, Bur. Sci.
9836 Robinson.
POGONATUM MACROPHYLLUM Doz. et Molk.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, on earth, altitude 1,600 m,
Bur. Sci. 9799 Robinson.
POGONATUM MICROPHYLLUM (Doz. et Molk.) Bryol. jav.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, on earth, open slopes of new cone from 1,900
m to near the summit, Merrill 6815, 6836.
Area: Borneo, Java.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
Vol. VIII, No. 2, April, 1913.
LICHENES INSULARUM PHILIPPINARUM, II *
By E. A. Wainio ^
{Helsingfors, Finland)
Trib. 3. LECANOREAE
1. CANDELARIA Massalongo
1. C. INDICA (Hue) Wain.
C. fibrosa f. indica Hue, Lich. Extr.-Eur. no. 335.
Thallus laciniis apice 1.5-0.7 mm latis, crenatis, nec isidiosis,
saepe breviter ciliatis, centrum versus margine sorediosis,
flavido-citrinis et partim cinereo-glaucescenti-variegatis, KHO
non reagentibus, adpressis. Ab hac specie C. callopizodes
(Nyl.) thallo sorediis destitute differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Bontoc, alt. 1,250 m, Vanoverbergh 1353. Ad corticem
arboris frondosae.
2. HAEMATOMMA Massalongo
1. H. PUNICEUM (Ach.) Wain.
Var. ESOREDIATA Wain, fitud. Lich. Bres. 1: 72.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, mons Pulog, Bur. Sci. 895J). McGregor; Pauai,
Bur. Sci. 8598 McGregor, alt. circ. 2,100 m; Merrill 7993, alt. 1,500 m. Ad
truncos arborum frondosarum. Mindanao, Dist. Davao, mons Apo, Cope-
land 1196, alt. 1,800 m. Ad truncum Agathis albae Foxw.
3. LEG A NOR A (Ach.) Wainio
1. L. SUBFUSCA (L.) Ach.
Var. CHLARONA Ach.
Negros, Bago, Hacienda Louisiana, Merrill 6792. Ad corticem Pithe-
colobii dulcis.
Var. TUMESCENS Wain.
Thallus crassitudine mediocris, leviter verruculoso-inaequalis,
verruculis increbris, parum elevatis, albidus, KHO lutescens.
Apothecia mediocria, 1-2 mm lata, difformia, angulosa aut lobata
aut flexuosa, numerosa et partim aggregata, sat crassa, basi
bene constricta, disco testaceo-pallido, leviter nitido aut sat
opaco, nudo, piano aut subconcavo, margine mediocri, discum
* For Part I see This Journal 4 (1909) Bot. 651-662.
99
100
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
baud aut parum elevato, irregulari, subcrenulato aut partim
subintegro, partim nitido. Stratum medullare excipuli crys-
tallos magnos continens. Epithecium granulosum. Hymenium
jodo persistenter caerulescens. Paraphyses arete cohaerentes.
Sporae 8-nae, distichae, ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis, sim-
plices, decolores, long. 0.011-0.015, crass. 0.007-0.011 mm.
‘^Affinis est var. chlaroterae Nyl., at margine baud elevato
apotbeciorum L. intumescentem (Rebent.) Rabenb. in memo-
riam revocans et ab ea tballo baud laevigato differens.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Merrill 7983, alt. 2,000 m. Ad truncum ar-
boris frondosae.
Var. CHLAROTERA (Nyl.) Wain 1. c. 1: 77.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Merrill 7937, alt. 1,500 m. Ad truncum arboris
frondosae.
Var. SUBCRENULATA Nyl. Lich. Nov. Gran. Addit. 310.
Luzon, Prov. Rizal, Taytay, Merrill 63^2, ad corticem Averrhoae bilimbi.
Negros, Cabancalan, Merrill 67i0, ad corticem Arecae catechu; Bago, Ha-
cienda Louisiana, Merrill 6802, ad corticem Pithecolobii dulcis.
2. L. CARPI NEA (L.) Wain. Not. Syn. Lich. (1886) 23.
L. angulosa (Schreb.) Ach. Lich. Univ. (1810) 364.
Luzon, Prov. Tayabas, Atimonan, Merrill 3988. Ad corticem Cocoes
nuciferae.
3. L. CINEREOCARNEA (Eschw.) Wain.
Negros, Cabancalan, Merrill 6738, 6741, ad corticem Arecae catechu;
Bago, Hacienda Louisiana, Merrill 6795, 6796, ad corticem Pithecolobii
dulcis.
\ 4. L. LIVIDOCARNEA Wain. sp. nov.
Tballus crustaceus, uniformis, crassitudine mediocris aut sat
tenuis, verruculoso-inaequalis, verruculis contiguis aut subdis-
persis, continuus aut parce etiam subdispersus, raro partim sub-
laevigatus, glaucescens, isidiis et sorediis destitutus, KHO
flavescens, CaClaO, non reagens, medulla alba, bypotballo nigri-
cante partim limitatus. Apotbecia adpressa, mediocria, circ.
1-2.5 mm lata, disco piano planiusculove, livido-carneo aut livido-
pallido, nudo, opaco, CaClaOj non reagente, margine sat tenui,
in sectione discum versus leviter acutato, discum baud aut leviter
superante, leviter crenulato aut tantum latere interiore crenulato
aut subintegro aut flexuoso, tballo concolore. Hypotbecium
albidum aut pallidum. Hymenium jodo persistenter caerules-
cens. Epitbecium pallidum, baud granulosum. Parapbyses arete
cobaerentes. Sporae 8-nae, distiebae, decolores, ellipsoideae,
apicibus rotundatis, simplices, long. 0.016-0.018, crass. 0.008-
0.010 mm. Excipulum intus albidum aut parte peritbeciali
VIII, c.
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
101
infra hypothecio sita pallescente. In stirpem L. flavovirentis
Fee pertinet, L. hypocroceae Wain., Lich. Bres. Exs. no. 873,
habitu subsimilis, at reactionibus et colore hypothecii ab ea
differens.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m, Merrill 6650, Bur.
Sci. 8582, 8615 McGregor. Ad corticem arborum frondosarum.
6. L. MERRILLII Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, crassitudine mediocris aut sat
tenuis, continuus, verruculoso-inaequalis, verruculis subtilissimis,
parum elevatis, dispersis aut crebris, substramineo-glaucescens,
KHO flavescens, CaClgOa non reagens, isidiis et sorediis desti-
tutus, medulla alba, hypothallo nigricante partim limitatus.
Apothecia adpressa, mediocria, circ. 0.8-1.5 mm lata, crebra,
disco piano, pallido, nudo, opaco aut sat opaco, neque KHO nec
CaCljOa reagente, margine sat tenui, discum baud aut leviter su-
perante, subintegro, thallo concolore, in sectione terete. Hypo-
thecium albidum. Hymenium 0.050-0.075 mm crassum, jodo
persistenter caerulescens. Epithecium pallidum, granulosum.
Paraphyses arete cohaerentes, tubulis tenuissimis. Sporae 8-
nae, distichae, decolores, oblongae aut rarius ellipsoideae, apici-
bus obtusis aut rarius rotundatis, simplices, long. 0.011-0.015,
crass. 0.005-0.007 mm. Excipulum intus albidum, crystallos
magnos continens. Speciei praecedenti affinis.
Guimakas, Merrill 6720. Ad corticem Cocoes in littore crescentes.
6. L. ISIDIOTYLA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, crassitudine mediocris aut sat
tenuis, continuus, sat laevigatus aut partim leviter verruculoso-
inaequalis, albidus, neque KHO nec CaCljOa reagens, isidiosus,
isidiis circ. 0.5 mm longis aut brevioribus, circ. 0.1 mm crassis,
cylindricis, simplicibus aut leviter ramosis, sorediis destitutus,
medulla alba, jodo non reagente, hypothallo indistincto. Apothe-
cia adpressa, mediocria, circ. 1 mm lata (tantum juvenilia visa),
disco concavo aut planiusculo, livido-fuscescente aut livido-palles-
cente, tenuiter pruinoso, opaco, margine crassiusculo aut sat
tenui, prominente, et discum superante, leviter crenulato aut sub-
integro, thallo concolore, interdum demum parce isidioso, in sec-
tione terete. Hypothecium partim albidum, partim fulvescens,
KHO non reagens. Hymenium jodo persistenter caerulescens.
Epithecium decoloratum, KHO non reagens. Paraphyses arete
cohaerentes, tubulis tenuissimis. Asci clavati. Sporae baud
visae. Affinis L. flavovirenti Fee, at thallo isidioso ab ea dif-
ferens.
Mindanao, Dist. Davao, mons Apo, alt. 1,800 m, Copeland 1090 p. p.
102
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
7. L. ATRA (Huds.) Ach.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Merrill 7993 p. p. Ad corticem arboris fron-
dosae.
4. PLACOPSIS Nylander
h. P. ISIDIOPHORA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus crustaceus, arete adnatus, totus laciniatus lobatusque,
laciniis circ. 1.2-0.5 mm latis, sat tenuibus, irregulariter ra-
diantibus, contiguis, partim confluentibus, centre saepe demum
areolato-diffractis, esorediatus, centrum versus crebre isidiosus,
isidiis circ. 0.5 mm longis aut brevioribus, 0.1 mm crassis, cylin-
dricis, sordide albicans, sat opacus, sat laevigatus, neque KHO
nec CaClaOj reagens, at his reagentiis unitis leviter rubescens,
subtus pallidus, cephalodiis prominentibus, convexis, 0.5-3 mm
latis, integris aut demum vulgo radiatim laciniatis lobatisve,
carneo-pallidis aut rarius cinereo-pallidis, gonidia nostocacea
continentibus. Apothecia adpressa, basi constricta, mediocria,
circ. 2-1 mm lata, zeorina, margine duplice, margine thallode
tenui, integro aut crenulato, thallo concolore, margine proprio
integro aut crenulato, sat tenui aut interdum inconspicuo disco
concolore, prominulo aut discum baud superante, disco piano
aut leviter concave, pallido aut carneo-pallido aut rare cinereo-
pallido, tenuiter pruinoso, opaco. Hypothecium cartilagineum,
carneum aut carneo-pallidum, KHO non reagens. Hymenium
circ. 0.16-0.17 mm crassum. Epithecium sordide carneo-palli-
dum. Paraphyses tenues, crass. 0.001 mm, laxe cohaerentes,
apice arctius cohaerentes crassioresque, ibi etiam ramosae.
Asci cylindrici. Sporae 8-nae, monostichae, simplices, decolores,
ellipsoideae, apicibus rotundatis, long. 0.010-0.019, crass. 0.009-
0.010 mm. Gonidia globosa, diam. 0.005-0.007 mm, dilute flavo-
virescentia, membrana tenui, distincta.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, alt. 1,800 m, Merrill 6876. Ad lignum vetus-
tum.
2. P. PAPILLOSA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus crustaceus, arete adnatus, totus laciniatus lobatusque,
laciniis 0.2-0.5 mm latis, tenuibus, irregularibus, contiguis, par-
tim confluentibus, centre saepe demum areolato-diffractis, esore-
diatus, centrum versus crebre isidiosus, isidiis circ. 0.3 mm
longis aut brevioribus, 0.1 mm crassis, cylindricis, vulgo ver-
rucaeformibus, cinereus aut sordide albicans, opacus, sat laevi-
gatus, neque KHO nec CaCLOj reagens, at his reagentiis unitis
leviter rubescens, subtus obscuratus, cephalodiis tuberculifor-
mibus, circ. 0.5-0.7 mm latis, fuscis. Apothecia adpressa, basi
constricta, mediocria, circ. 1.3-1 mm lata, lecanorina, margine
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
103
simplice, thallode, crassitudine mediocri, integro, thallo con-
colore, discum baud superante aut rarius leviter prominulo, disco
piano, fusco, nudo, opaco. Hypothecium cartilagineum, pallidum.
Hymenium circ. 0.14 mm crassum, jodo persistenter caerulescens.
Epithecium pallidum aut carneo-pallidum. Paraphyses tenues,
crass. 0.0005 mm, laxe cohaerentes, apice arctius cohaerentes,
dichotome ramosae, apice etiam ramoso-connexae. Asci cylin-
drici. Sporae 8-nae, monostichae, simplices, decolores, ellip-
soideae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, long. 0.014-0.022, crass.
0.009-0.011 mm. Pycnoconidangia verruculis nigris, parum pro-
minulis indicata. Sterigmata long. 0.020-0.025 mm, basin ver-
sus crassit. 0.0015 mm, basin versus dichotome ramosa, apicem
versus sensim incrassata, apicibus pycnoconidia efferentibus.
Pycnoconidia filiformia, recta aut curvata, long. O.Cfl-0.02, crass.
0. 001-0.0005 mm. Gonidia globosa, flavo-virescentia, simplicia,
diam. 0.006-0.007 mm. Proximo affinis speciei praecedenti,
at margine apotheciorum simplice, disco fusco et isidiis verru-
caeformibus ab ea diiferens.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, alt. 1,800 m, Merrill 6866. Ad lapides.
5. OCHROLECHIA Massalongo
1. O. PALLESCENS (L.) Koerb.
Thallus verrucoso-inaequalis, sorediosus, neque KHO nec
CaClaOj reagens. Sterilis et earn ob causam determinatione
speciei incerta, sed verisimiliter ad hanc speciem pertinens.
Mindanao, Subprov. Butuan, C. M. Weber 1396, alt. 213 m. In rupe.
Trib. 4. PERTUSARIEAE
1. COCCOTREMA Muell.-Arg.
1. C. CUCURBITULA (Mont.) Wain.
C. cucurbitula Muell.-Arg. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. (1889) 51 p. p.
(excl. C. antarctico Muell.-Arg. Lich. Cap. Horn 171, quod apice
pseudostromatum convexo, nec late impresso, ab hac specie differt).
Pertusaria cucurbitula Mont. FI. Chil. 8 (1852) 200; Nyl. Addit. FI.
Chil. (1855) 160, Lich. Fueg. (1888) 11, Lich. Nov. Zel. (1888) 71.
Lecanora cucurbitula Muell.-Arg. Lich. Beitr. (FI. 1884) no. 791.
Perforaria cucurbitula Muell.-Arg. in Nuov. Giorn. Bot. Ital. (1891)
126.
Thallus crustaceus, continuus, verrucis circ. 0.3-0.2 mm latis
inspersus, albidus, KHO lutescens, CaClaOj non reagens, sorediis
destitutus, cephalodiis verrucaeformibus, verrucis thalli consim-
illibus aut majoribus, circ. 0.3-0. 6 mm latis, et magis elevatis,
laevigatis, algas scytonemeas et gonidia cystococcacea continen-
tibus, hypothallo tenui albido ad ambitum plus minusve con-
104
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
spicuo. Pseudostromata 1.3-0.8 mm lata, depresso-subglobosa,
basi constricta, laevigata aut leviter subverrucosa, thallo con-
coloria, vertice pallido aut albido-pallescente, impresso, 0.6-0.3
mm lato, KHO intus et dilutius etiam extus lutescentia, apo-
thecium unum continentia, ostiolo demum aperto, rotundato, vix
0.1 mm lato. Perithecium albido-pallescens aut pallidum. Hy-
menium jodo dilute caerulescens. Paraphyses parce ramoso-
connexae, maxima parte simplices, tubulis 0.0015 mm crassis
gelatinam abundantem percurrentibus. Asci ventricosi. Spo-
rae 8-nae, distichae, simplices, decolores, ellipsoideae aut oblon-
gae, apicibus rotundatis, membrana 0.002-0.003 mm crassa, baud
gelatinosa, laevigata, limite stratorum laevigata, long. 0.045-
0. 066. crass. 0.024-0.030 mm. Gonidia cystococcacea. Genus
Coccotrema notis vagis a Pertusaria differt, at ob affinitatem
proximam cum Lepolichene Trev. a Pertusaria separanda est.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8611 Mc-
Gregor; mons Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8962 McGregor. Ad corticem arborum
frondosarum.
2. PERTUSARIA DeCandolIe
1. P. VELATA (Turn.) Nyl.; Wain, fitud. Lich. Bres. 1: 106.
Thallus KHO non reagens, CaClgOa intus rubescens, extus non
reagens (7971) aut punctis rubescentibus (38), his reagentiis
unitis rubescens. Medulla jodo non reagens. Pseudostromata
et discus apotheciorum KHO non reagentes, CaClaOj rubescentes.
Sporae solitariae.
Panay, Capiz, Copeland 38 p. p. Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, alt. 1,500 m,
Merrill 7971. Ad corticem arborum frondosarum.
2. P. SUBMULTIPUNCTA Nyl. Lich. Jap. (1890) 55.
Thallus KHO lutescens, demum sordide subrubescens, extus
interdum minus distincte reagens (15623), CaCljOa non reagens
aut his reagentiis unitis demum passim parce subrubescens
(15623) . Medulla thalli jodo non reagens (etiam in specim. orig.
in herb. Nyl.). Discus pseudostromatum KHO lutesceps deinde-
que sanguineo-rubescens. Sporae non visae.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, 2,000 m. alt., Merrill 7938; Baguio, F. Sanchez
16, For. Bur. 15623 Curran. Ad truncos Pini insularis Endl.
3. P. REDUCTA Stirt. in Scott. Naturalist 4 (1877) 28; Leight. Lich. Great
Brit. ed. 3 (1879) 229.
Thallus glaucescens vel cinereo-glaucescens, nitidus, crassitu-
dine mediocris, continuus, sat laevigatus, KHO fusco-rubescens,
CaCl202 non reagens. Medulla thalli jodo non reagens. Pseudo-
stromata crebra, diam. 0.5-1 (-0.2) mm, albido-sorediosa, KHO
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
105
fusco-rubescentia, CaClaOa non reagentia. Sporae non visae.
Hue etiam P. erythrella Muell.-Arg. Lich. Wils. (1893) 41; Wain.
React. Lich. Miill. 8 forsan pertinet.
Mindanao, Subprov. Butuan, 320 m alt., C. M. Weber 1376. Ad corticem.
vj 4. P. PHILIPPINA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus crustaceus, crassitudine medigeris, continuus, sat lae-
vigatas aut leviter rugulosus aut initiis verrucaeformibus apo-
theciorum crebre inspersus, albidus, KHO non reagens, CaClgOj
intus rubescens, extus parum reagens, his reagentiis unitis extus
leviter, intus bene rubescens, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, me-
dulla jodo non reagente, hypothallo albido parum distincto.
Pseudostromata crebra, fere contigua, 0.7-1 (-1.5) mm lata,
elevata, primum depresso-subglobosa, demum irregulariter sub-
cylindrica, basi leviter constricta, sorediis destituta, apothecia
solitaria aut raro duo continentia, disco demum aperto, 0.5 mm
lato, urceolato-impresso, pallido, subnudo, margine prominente,
sat laevigato aut leviter verruculoso-crenulato, thallo concolore.
Pseudostromata et discus KHO non reagentes, CaCljOa rubes-
centes. Sporae binae, oblongae, apicibus rotundatis aut rotun-
dato-obtusis, decolores, baud gelatinosae, membrana circ. 0.006
mm crassa, limite laevigato, stratis typice aequalibus, long.
0.11-0.14, crass. 0.024-0.030 mm. Habitu subsimilis est P.
velatae.
Mindanao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope lacum Lanao, Mary
Strong Clemens 1302. Ad truncum arboris frondosae.
6. P. COPELANDII Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus crassitudine mediocris, continuus aut demum diffrac-
tus, verruculoso- et verrucoso-rugosus, glauco-cinereus, subniti-
dus, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, neque KHO, nec CaCljOa nec
jodo reagens, hypothallo nigricante partim limitatus. Pseudo-
stromata thallo concoloria, irregularia aut depresso-subglobosa,
long. 1-3, lat. 1-1.7 mm, basi vulgo leviter constricta, verru-
culoso-rugulosa, neque KHO, nec CaCljOj reagentia, apice vulgo
convexo, apothecia vulgo plura (1-5) continentia, verruculis
ostiolaribus cinereo-nigricantibus sparsis, leviter aut parum pro-
minentibus, parvulis. Sporae binae et monostichae aut 4-nae et
distichae, decolores, oblongae, baud gelatinosae, membrana 0.005
mm crassa, stratis aequalibus, limite laevigato, long. 0.082-0.170,
crass. 0.024-0.026 mm. Habitu P. communem in memoriam
revocans, sed in stirpem Leioplacarum pertinens.
Panay, Capiz, Copeland 38 p. p. Ad corticem arborum frondosarum.
106 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
Trib. 5. BUELLIEAE
1. ANAPTYCHIA Koerber
1. A. LEUCOMELAENA (L.) Wain.
Luzon, Subprov. Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 102Jt, 1283: Subprov. Lepanto,
For. Bur. 16021 Bacani; mons Data, alt. 2,100 m, Merrill i959: Subprov.
Benguet, Merrill 79H, Bur. Sci. 5882 Ramos; mons Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5^90
Ramos; Pauai, alt. 1,950 m, Merrill Jt92U, Bur. Sci. 85^9 McGregor: Prov.
Zambales, Bur. Sci. 515 ^ Ramos: Prov. Pampanga, mons Arayat, alt. 840
m, Merrill 519 U, For. Bur. 19338 Curran: Prov. Bataan, For. Bur. 19165
Curran; mons Mariveles, Merrill 3686: Prov. Rizal, Bur. Sci. 13633 Ramos.
Mindoro, mons Halcon, alt. 1,800 m, Merrill 6175, 6197. Mindanao, Dist.
Lanao, mons Malindang, For. Bur. i786 Mearns & Hutchinson: Dist. Zam-
boanga, alt. 1,260 m, Copeland “K", 390 m alt., Merrill 8350. Ad ramos
arborum et raro ad terram muscosam.
2. A. HYPOLEUCA (Muhlenb.) Wain.
Var. SCHAERERI (Hepp) Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
Thallus sorediis destitutus. Apothecia disco fuscescente,
nudo.
Luzon, Subprov. Bontoc, alt. 1,650 m, Vanoverbergh 1336: Subprov. Ben-
guet, Pauai, alt. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8656 McGregor; mons Pulog, Merrill
6U30; mons Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5^80 Ramos. Ad corticem arborum.
Var. ROTTBOLLII Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
Thallus sorediis destitutus. Apothecia disco pruinoso.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, mons Tonglon, alt. 2,000 m, Merrill 798U- Ad
corticem arborum.
Var. SO RE Dll PER A (Muell.-Arg.) Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
Thallus sorediosus.
Luzon, Subprov. Bontoc, Banco, alt. 1300 m, Vanoverbergh 61. In
rupe.
War. FULVESCENS Wain.
Thallus sorediis destitutus, subtus partim fulvescens et decor-
ticatus, rhizinis squarroso-ramosissimis. Apothecia disco sub-
nudo aut tenuiter pruinoso, margine lobato aut lacinulato,
lacinulis in serie simplice dispositis, intus (subtus) partim ful-
vescentibus. Partes fulvescentes thalli et apotheciorum KHO
violascentes. Pseudophyscia hypoleuca var. colorata Zahlbr.
Stud. Bras. Flecht. (1902) 413, thallo soredioso secundum des-
criptionem, ab hac var. differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, alt. 1,500 m, Merrill 7935, 7966. Ad corticem
arborum.
3. *A. DENDRITICA (Pers.) Wain. £:tud. Lich. Bres. 1: 134.
An asterisk indicates a subspecies.
VIII, C, 2
Wainio : Lichenes Insularum Philippinarwm
107
Var. LAMELLIGERA (Tayl.) Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
Thallus sorediis destitutus.
Luzon, Subprov. Lepanto, mons Data, alt. 2,100 m, Merrill 4906. Min-
danao, Subprov. Butuan, C. M. Weber 1398. Ad truncos arborum.
Var. PROPAGULIFERA Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
Thallus sorediatus, subtus decorticatus. Apothecia disco sub-
nudo, margine integro aut lobato, soredioso.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Baguio, alt. 2,150 m, Bur. Sci. H071 Robin-
son. Ad truncum arboris frondosae.
4. A. SPECIOSA (Wulf.) Wain.
Var. ESOREDIATA Wain. Catal. Welw. Afr. PI. Lich. 409.
Thallus sorediis destitutus, laciniis margine subintegris.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Merrill 7939, For. Bur. 15960 Curran, For.
Bur. 15991 Bacani; Pauai, Merrill 66^6, 6653, Bur. Sci. 8555, 857U, 8593,
86i7 McGregor; Cabayan, Merrill 4896; mons Pulog, Merrill 6426, 6459;
mons Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5482, 5485 Ramos. Ad truncos arborum, in rupe
et supra muscos rupium.
Var. SOREDIOSA Muell.-Arg. Lich. Beitr. no. 582.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Cabayan, Bur. Sci. 8784 McGregor. Ad
corticem arboris.
5. A. ISIDIOPHORA (Nyl.) Wain. Catal. Welw. Afr. PI. Lich. 409.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Bur. Sci. 13506 Ramos. Ad corticem arboris
frondosae.
2. PHYSCIA (Schreb.) Wainio
1. P. INTEGRATA Nyl.
Var. OBSESSA' (Mont.) Wain. f. SUBALBA Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
Thallus sorediis et pruina destitutus, subtus obscuratus.
Luzon, Prov. Tayabas, Atimonan, Merrill 3987 p. p. Ad corticem
Cocoes nuciferae.
4Var. SOREDIOSA Wain. f. TRISTIS Wain. Lich. Bras. Exs. no. 155.
Thallus sorediosus, superne baud aut parum pruinosus, subtus
obscuratus.
Luzon, Merrill 6331: Prov. Tayabas, Infanta, Bur. Sci. 6793 Robinson.
Negros, Cabancalan, Merrill 6743. Ad corticem Codiaei variegati, Mangi-
ferae indicae et aliarum arborum.
2. P. CRISPA (Pers.) Nyl.
Var. MOLLESCENS (Nyl.) Wain.
Luzon, Prov. Bulacan, Baliuag, Bur. Sci. 9643 Robinson: Prov. Rizal,
Taytay, Merrill 6334. Ad corticem Arecae catechu et Averrhoae bilimbi.
Ster.
108
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Var. HYPO ME LA Tuck.
Negros, Bago, Hacienda Louisiana, Merrill 6801. Ad corticem Pithe-
colobii dulcis. Ster.
3. P. PICTA (Sw.) Nyl.
Luzon, Prov. Tayabas, Atimonan, Merrill 3997 p. p. Guimaras, Merrill
6721. Ad corticem Cocoes nuciferae.
3. PYXINE Fries
1. P. ENDOLEUCA (Muell.-Arg.) Wain. Lich. Ruwenzori 42; Catal. Welw.
Afr. PI. Lich. 412.
P. Meissneri var. eyidoleuca Muell.-Arg. Lich. Beitr. (1879) no. 118,
1492; Prim. FI. Costaric. 55; Hue, Lich. Extra-Eur. no. 354.
Thallus superne glaucescens aut albido-glaucescens, sat laevi-
gatas aut leviter reticulato-rugulosus rimulosusve, isidiis et sore-
diis destitutus, intus albidus, KHO neque superne nec intus
reagens, laciniis circ. 1-0.2 mm latis, continuis, radiantibus, con-
tiguis, parce confluentibus, subtus obscuratis, rhizinis brevibus,
concoloribus. Apothecia circ. 1.3-1 mm lata, baud diu excipulo
thallode instructa, mox lecideina et extus tota nigra. Excipu-
lum proprium extus fuligineum (superne aeruginoso-fuligineum,
inf erne fusco-fuligineum), KHO violascens, intus albidum aut di-
lute intenseve rufescens, KHO violascens. Hypothecium superne
fuscescens, interne rufescens, KHO violascens. Epithecium
aeruginoso-fuligineum, KHO violascens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae,
fuscescentes aut fumosae, fusiformi-oblongae aut ellipsoideae
oblongaeve, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, membrana inae-
qualiter incrassata, in apicibus et in septo bene incrassata, long.
0.013-0.020, crass. 0.006-0.008 mm. Magis affinis est P. dis-
sectae (Fee), quam P. Meissneri.
Cavilli (mare Suluense), Merrill 7183 p. p. Ad corticem arboris
frondosae.
2. P. DiSSECTA (Fee) Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
P. cocoes Nyl. Lich. Exot. 255 (neque Sw., nec Malme, nec Hue).
Thallus albidus aut glaucescenti-albidus, sorediosus, KHO ne-
que superne nec intus reagens. Medulla alba. Apothecia lecid-
eina, juvenilia baud zeorina. Sporae uniseptatae, membrana
inaequaliter incrassata, long. 0.016-0.018, crass. 0.006-0.007 mm.
Excipulum extus aeruginoso-fuligineum, KHO violascens, intus
albidum. Hypothecium parte superiore vinose rubens, parte
inferiore fulvo-rufescens, KHO violascens. Epithecium aerugi-
noso-fuligineum, KHO violascens. Apotheciis mox lecideinis et
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
VIII, c, 2
109
sorediis supra laminam thalli evolutis a P. connectente Wain.
difFert.
Guimaras, Merrill 6723, ad corticem Cocoes. Cavilli (mare Suluense)
Merrill 7183 j). p., ad corticem.
3. P. GLAUCESCENS Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus sat tenuis, superne glaucescens, sat opacus, sorediis et
isidiis destitutus, epruinosus, medulla alba, KHO superne non
reagens, intus sublutescens, dein rubescens (praesertim in zona
gonidiali), laciniis circ. 0.5-1 mm latis, irregularibus, subcon-
tinuis, contiguis, planis, leviter reticulato-rugulosis, subtus nigri-
cantibus, rhizinis brevibus, nigricantibus. Apothecia 0.7-1.2 mm
lata, lecideina, margine nigricante, mediocri, disco piano, nigro,
nudo. Excipulum. extus aeruginoso-fuligineum, KHO violascens,
intus sordide albidum. Hypothecium inferne albidum, superne
fuscescens, KHO violascens. Epithecium aeruginoso-fuligineum,
KHO violascens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, fuscescentes, oblon-
gae, apicibus obtusis, 1-septatae, membrana inaequaliter incras-
sata, in apicibus et in septo crassiore, long. 0.017-0.022, crass.
O. 005-0.008 mm. A P. retirugella, cui habitu similis est, colore
et reactione thalli et hypothecii difFert.
COMIRAN, Merrill 7167 p. p. Ad corticem arboris frondosae.
4. P. CONSOCIANS Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus sat tenuis, superne glaucescens, sat opacus, epruinosus,
leviter reticulato-rugulosus, medulla alba, KHO superne non rea-
gens, intus lutescens deindeque rubescens, laciniis circ. 0.5-1 mm
latis, irregularibus, subcontinuis, contiguis, planis, margine isi-
dioideo-granulosis vel verruculosis, subtus nigricantibus, rhizinis
increbris brevibus, nigris. Apothecia 0.5-1.6 mm lata, lecideina,
margine nigricante aut cinereo-nigricante, mediocri, disco piano,
nigro, nudo. Excipulum intus albidum. Hypothecium superne
fuscescens, KHO non reagens, subtus albidum. Epithecium
aeruginoso-fuligineum, KHO violascens. Sporae 8-nae, disti-
chae, fuscescentes, fusiformes aut oblongae, apicibus obtusis,
1-septatae, membrana inaequaliter incrassata, in apicibus et in
septo crassiore, long. circ. 0.020, crass. 0.006 mm. Proximo
affinis est P, glaucescenti, thallo granuloso et reactione hypothecii
ab ea differens et his notis cum P. retirugella congruens, quae
colore et reactione thalli ab hac specie distinguitur.
CoMiRAN, Merrill 7167 p. p. Ad corticem arboris frondosae una cum
P. glaucescente.
110
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
5. P. PHILIPPINA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus sat tenuis crassitudine mediocris, sorediis et isidiis
destitutus, superne albidus, sat opacus, epruinosus, laevigatus,
medulla alba, KHO superne lutescens, intus lutescens deindeque
rubescens, laciniis 0.5-1.4 mm latis, irregularibus, subcontinuis,
contiguis, saepe passim confluentibus, planis aut partim convexis,
subtus nigricantibus, rhizinis brevibus, nigricantibus. Apothe-
cia 1-4 mm lata, lecideina, margine nigricante aut cinereo-
nigricante, tenui aut mediocri, disco piano, nigro, nudo, Excipu-
lum extus aeruginoso-fuligineum, KHO violascens, intus albidum
aut cinerascens. Hypothecium superne fuscescens, KHO non
reagens, interne albidum aut cinerascens Sporae 8-nae, disti-
chae, fuscescentes, oblongae, apicibus obtusis, polari-dyblastae,
membrana inaequaliter incrassata, in apicibus et in septo cras-
siore, long. 0.015-0.023, crass. 0.006-0.008 mm. Affinis est P.
denudatae Wain. Lich. Bras. Exs. no. 1178, thallo baud ruguloso
et colore epithecii ab ea differens. P. retirugella Nyl. jam thallo
ruguloso, margine laciniarum granuloso ab ea distinguitur.
Luzon, Subprov. Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 780: Subprov. Benguet, Merrill
793U- Ad corticem arborum frondosarum.
6. P. COPELANDII Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus tenuis, glaucescens aut pallido- vel albido-glaucescens
vulgo nitidus, soraliis rotundatis, tenuiter farinosis, vulgo supra
laminam adspersis, KHO superne leviter lutescens, intus leviter
lutescens deindeque rubescens, laciniis 0.3-0.7 mm latis, irregu-
laribus, radiantibus, continuis, contiguis, planis, laevigatis, intus
albis, subtus obscuratis, rhizinis brevissimis, nigricantibus.
Apothecia incognita. Ab hac specie P. sorediata (Ach.) Fr.
thallo ambitum versus pruinoso, KHO superne lutescente, me-
dulla alba et passim parce flava, KHO non reagente aut demum
pallida secundum specimen orig. in herb. Ach. differt. P. chry-
santhoides Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill. thallo KHO non reagente
et medulla flavida ab his distinguitur. P. asiatica Wain, thallo
ruguloso et reactione medullae a P. Copelandii recedit.
Panay, Capiz, Copeland 38 p. p. Ad corticem arborum frondosarum.
7. P. MiCROSPORA Wain sp. nov.
Thallus tenuis, albidus aut partim cinerascens, parum nitidus,
laevigatus, sorediis destitutus, epruinosus, intus albus, KHO
neque superne nec intus reagens, subtus nigricans, rhizinis
brevibus increbris, nigricantibus instructus, laciniis 0. 5-0.2 mm
latis, irregularibus, contiguis, ambitum versus continuis, cen-
trum versus demum subareolato-diffractis, planis, saepe demum
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
111
partim latere parce verruculoso-proliferis. Apothecia 0.7-0.4
mm lata, lecideina, margine tenui, integro, nigricante aut
primum cinereo-nigricante, saepe demum excluso, disco nigro,
nudo, opaco, piano aut demum convexo. Excipulum extus fusco-
fuligineum aut partim aeruginoso-fuligineum, KHO violascens,
intus sordide albidum, KHO non reagens. Hypothecium fus-
cescens, inferne dilute coloratum, KHO non reagens. Epithe-
cium aeruginoso-fuligineum aut aeruginoso-fuscescens, KHO
violascens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, fuscescentes, ellipsoideae
aut raro ellipsoideo-oblongae, apicibus rotundatis aut obtusis,
1-septatae, membrana inaequaliter incrassata, in septis et prae-
sertim in apicibus crassiore, juniores polari-dyblastae, long.
0.010-0.013, crass. 0.0055-0.006 mm. Affmis est P. minutae
Wain. Lich. Bras. Exs. no. 211, sporis ellipsoideis minoribusque
ab ea differens.
Luzon, Subprov. Beng-uet, prope Cabayan, Bur. Sci. 880i. McGregor.
lapides.
3. BUELLIA De Notaris
^ 1. B. VACCINII Wain. sp. nov.
Ad
Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, sat tenuis, e verruculis dispersis
aut parce contiguis, subglobosis aut difformibus, 0.2-0.1 (-0.05)
mm latis constans, albidus, KHO sordide flavescens, CaCljOa
non reagens, hypothallo indistincto. Apothecia 0.5-0.3 mm lata,
elevata simplicia aut prolificationibus aggregata, disco piano
aut leviter convexo, nigro, nudo, opaco, margine tenui, integro,
persistente aut demum subexcluso. Perithecium fusco-nigrum.
Hypothecium fusco-nigrum, crassum. Epithecium fusco-nigrum.
Paraphyses arete cohaerentes. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, ellip-
soideae aut oblongae, apicibus obtusis aut rotundatis, fuscae aut
nigricantes, 1-septatae, medio baud aut parum constrictae, baud
gelatinosae, membrana aequaliter incrassata, long. 0.011-0.012,
crass. 0.005-0.006 mm. Pycnoconidia filiformia, recta, long.
0.010, crass. 0.0005 mm. AfRnis est B. punctiformi (Hoffm.).
Mindanao, Dist. Davao, in summo monte Apo, 2,900 m alt., Copeland
1157. Ad corticem Vaccinii Villarii Vid.
^ 2. B. PITHECOLOBII Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus crustaceus, uniformis, tenuis, continuus, sat laevigatus
aut leviter subverrucoso-inaequalis glaucescens, neque KHO nec
CaClaOa reagens, hypothallo indistincto. Apothecia crebra,
parva, 0.5-0.3 mm lata, adnata, diu tenuia, demum convexa, KHO
non reagentia, disco nigro, nudo, opaco, margine tenuissimo,
nigro, opaco, integro, mox excluso. Excipulum fuscum. Hypo-
112
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
thecium fuscum. Hymenium circ. 0.07 mm crassum, baud
oleosum. Epithecium fuscescens. Sporae 8-nae aut 12-nae aut
16-nae in eodem apothecio, distichae aut polystichae, oblongae,
apice rotundato aut obtuso, fuscae, 1-septatae, medio baud
aut parum constrictae membrana aequaliter incrassata, long.
0.010-0.013 (-0.015), crass. 0.004-0.006 mm. Parapbyses arete
cobaerentes, apice capitato-clavato, fusco. A B. polyspora
(Willey) tballo magis evoluto et apotbeciis convexis, usque ad
marginem adnatis differt.
Negros, Bago, Hacienda Lousiana, Merrill 6794. Ad corticem Pitheco-
lobii dulcis.
3. B. LAURICASSIAE (Fee) Wain. Addit. Lich. Antill.
B. triphragmia Auct. p. p.
Tballus albidus, intus KHO flavescens deindeque rubescens.
Sporae 8-nae, fuscae, 3-septatae, long. 0.014-0.018, crass.
0. 015-0.018 mm, membrana aequaliter incrassata. Hypotbe-
cium fuscum. Apotbecia nigra, nuda. B. triphragmia (Nyl.)
tballo KHO lutescente ab bac specie differt.
Negros, Cabancalan, Merrill 6737, ad corticem Arecae catechu. Sabtan
(Insulae Batanes), Bur. Sci. 10193 McGregor, ad corticem palmae.
Trib. 6. PELTIGEREAE
1. PELTIGERA Willdenow
1. P. ERIODERMA Wain. sp. nov.
Tballus foliaceus, long. circ. 45-20 mm, adpressus aut adscen-
dens, lobatus, lobis circ. 30-3 mm latis, margine subintegro, sat
laevigatus aut leviter impresso-rugosus, superne totus creber-
rime tomentosus aut demum plus minusve late glabratus,
cepbalodiis, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, pallidus aut cinereo-
pallidus, opacus, subtus plus minusve late albido-pallescens,
medium versus nigricans, reticulato-nervosus, nervis elevatis,
fuscescentibus aut ambitum versus pallidis, rbizinas circ. 8-10
mm longas, fuscas, apicem versus byssoideo-tomentosas, byssum
confluentem formantes, subsimplices efferentibus. Apotbecia
lobulis adscendentibus aut margini tballi adnata, borizontalia,
5.5-2 mm lata, disco fusco, nitido aut opaco, nudo, margine
pallido, subintegro aut lobulis 0.5-0.3 mm longis, triangularibus
crenulato. Hypotbecium rufescenti-pallidum, strato medullari
gonidiis destitute impositum. Hymenium circ. 0.145 mm
crassum. Epitbecium rufescens. Parapbyses sat laxe cobae-
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
113
rentes, increbre septatae, apicem versus clavatae. Asci cylin-
drico-ventricosi. Sporae 8-nae, polystichae, fusiformes, apicibus
sat acutis aut obtusis, fuscescentes aut rufescenti-pallidae,
3-septatae, 'long. 0.05-0.06, crass. 0.005-0.006 mm. Stratum
corticale pseudoparenchymaticum, circ. 0.04-0.03 mm crassum,
e seriebus circ. 3-4 cellularum formatum, membranis sat
tenuibus, lumine cellularum 0.012-0.007 mm lato, anguloso-
subgloboso, superne hyphis in filamenta ramosa continuatis.
Stratum medullare hyphis 0.008-0.006 mm crassis sat leptoderma-
ticis. Gonidia nostocacea, polycocco|dea. Habitu quasi magnum
Erioderma.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, mons Pulog, For. Bur. 16362 Curran, Merritt,
& Zschokke, Bur. Sci. 8936 McGregor. Ad truncos putridos arborum et
ad terrain muscosam.
2. P. CRENULATA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus foliaceus, long. circ. 30-20 mm, adscendens, laevigatus,
glaber, sorediis, isidiis et cephalodiis destitutus, livido-cinereo-
pallido-cinereo- et olivaceo-fuscescenti-variegatus, sat nitidus,
irregulariter lobatus, lobis circ. 4-20 mm latis, margine crenu-
latis, subtus crebre subreticulato-nervosus, nervis leviter elevatis,
angustis aut partim late confluentibus, ambitum versus pallidis
et medium versus fusco-nigricantibus, interstitiis angustis
albidis, medium versus obscuratis, rhizinas sparsas et medium
versus creberrimas, cinereo-fuscescentes aut nigricantes, breves,
circ. 0.5-1. 5 mm longas, penicillatas et tomentosas efferentibus.
Sterilis. Thallus superne et subtus sicut in P. horizontali (L.)
DC., quae autem margine thalli baud crenulato ab hac specie
differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, mons Pulog, Merrill 6^2U- Ad plantes de-
structas et terram humosam.
3. P. POLYDACTYLON (Neck.) HofFm. f. IVI E LA NOCOMA (Mont. & v. d.
Bosch) Wain, fitud. Lich. Bres. 1 : 180.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, For. Bur. 980 Barnes, Bur. Sci. 28U7 Mearns:
frequenter in summo monte Pulog, 2,900 m alt.. For. Bur. 16435, 16356
Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke, Bur. Sci. 8947 McGregor, Merrill 6451;
Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8530, 8531 McGregor; mons Tonglon,
2,000 m alt., Merrill 7940, 7979; Baguio, 1,500 m alt., Merrill 4882:
Subprov. Lepanto, For. Bur. 16020, 16023 Bacani; mons Data, 2,250 m
alt., Merrill 4925: Prov. Zambales, For. Bur. 8184, 8199 Curran & Merritt;
mons Pinatubo, Bur. Sci Foxworthy. Mindoro, mons Halcon, Merrill
6187. Mindanao, Dist. Zamboanga, circ. 1,000 m alt., Merrill 8348, Cope-
land “E". Supra muscos ad terram et in rupibus et ad truncos putridos.
116076 — 4
114
The Philippine Journal of Science
J 4. P. NANA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus foliaceus, long. circ. 30-15 mm, adscendens, laevi-
gatus, glaber, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, olivaceus aut pallido-
glaucescens, sat nitidus, subtus plus minusve late albido-palles-
cens, medium versus nigricans, reticulato-nervosus, nervis
cinereo-fuscescentibus aut nigricantibus aut ambitum versus
pallidis, nudis aut basin versus rhizinis circ. 2-10 mm longis,
subsimplicibus, pallidis aut fusco-nigricantibus instructus.
Apothecia lobulis adscendentibus adnata, demum ellipsoidea,
fere convoluta convexaque,^ fusca. Hypothecium rufescenti-
pallidum. Hymenium circ. 0.1 mm crassum. Epithecium
rufescens. Paraphyses apice capitato-clavatae. Sporae 8-nae,
polystichae, dilute pallidae aut subdecolores, fusiformi-acicula-
res, apicibus sat obtusis aut altero attenuate, 3-septatae, long.
0.046-0.077, crass. 0.003 mm. Affinis est specie! praecedenti et
forsan ejus variatio, analoga P. spuriae (Ach.). P. spuriella
Wain, thallo ad apothecia verruculoso-scabrido ab ea differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5878 Ramos; Baguio, alt. 1,450 m.
Bur. Sci. lJf058 Robinson: Subprov. Lepanto, mons Malaya, F. R. Bona
156. Ad terram arenosam.
^ 5. P. MACRA Wain, sp. nov.
Thallus foliaceus, long. circ. 50-20 mm, adscendens, laevigatus,
glaber, sorediis, isidiis et cephalodiis destitutus, pallidus aut
olivaceo- vel pallido-glaucescens, sat nitidus, irregulariter lobatus,
lobis circ. 3-15 mm latis, subtus albidus, crebre reticulato-nervo-
sus, nervis elevatis, angustis, pallidis aut medium versus cinereo-
fuscescentibus, rhizinas concolores, creberrimas, 0.5-1 mm
longas, medium versus usque ad 7 mm longas, penicillatas aut
partim irregulariter connexas confluentesque efferentibus.
Apothecia lobulis adscendentibus adnata, demum ellipsoidea, fere
convoluta convexaque, fusca. Hypothecium rufescenti-palli-
dum. Hymenium circ. 0.1 mm crassum. Epithecium rufescens.
Paraphyses clavati. Sporae 8-nae, polystichae, dilute pallidae
aut subdecolores, fusiformi-aciculares, apicibus sat obtusis,
rectae, 3-5-7-septatae, long. 0.060-0.075, crass. 0.003-0.0035
mm. Habitu praecedenti et P. spuriae (Ach.) similis, nervis
e rhizinis breviter crebreque tomentosis dignota.
Luzon, Prov. Pangasinan, Bur. Sci. 8298 Ramos: Subprov. Benguet,
Bur. Sci. 5U78 Ramos: Subprov. Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 330. Ad terram
calcaream et argillaceam et humosam.
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
115
2. OPISTERIA (Ach.) Wainio
1. O. TROPICA (Muell.-Arg.) Wain. Lich. Pitlekai Sib. Sept. (1909) 93.
Nephromium tropicum Muell.-Arg. Lich. Beitr. (FI. 1883) no. 599;
Hue, Lich. Extra.-Eur. no. 368.
Thallus superne livido-fuscescens aut cinerascens aut cinereo-
fuscescens, glaber, laevigatas aut partim rugosis angustis elevatis
instructus, margine isidioideo-Iacinulatus et isidiosus, isidiis sub-
teretibus aut leviter applanatis subsimplicibus etiam supra lami-
nam saepe passim instructus, subtus partim breviter tomentosus
partim glaber, obscuratus aut ambitum versus pallidus aut late
pallidus, medulla alba, KHO non reagente. Apothecia resupi-
nata, 0. 3-0.7 mm lata, dorso vulgo obsolete verruculoso aut
sublaevigato, glabro aut leviter tomentoso, disco fusco aut rufo,
opaco, nudo, margine membranaceo, angusto, pallido, lacinulato
aut isidioso aut rarius subintegro. Hypothecium rufescens aut
rufescenti-pallidum. Hymenium circ. 0.09 mm crassum, jodo
persistenter glaucescenti-caerulescens. Paraphyses sat arete
cohaerentes, apice leviter clavato-incrassatae. Asci clavati.
Epithecium pallidum aut rufescenti-pallidum. Sporae 8-nae,
distichae, rufescentes, oblongae aut fusiformi-oblongae, apicibus
obtusis aut rotundato-obtusis, 3-septatae, long. 0.018-0.022,
crass. 0.006-0.007 mm.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, 1,500 m alt., Merrill 7982; mons Pulog, Merrill
6U57, Bur. Sci. 8933, 89U3 McGregor.
Trib. 7. STICTEAE
1. PSEUDOCYPHELLARIA Wainio
1. P. AURATA (Ach.) Wain. £tud. Lich. Bres. 1: 113.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, 1,500 m. alt., Merrill 7956 p. p.; Pauai, alt.
2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 86Jfl McGregor. Ster. Ad cortices arborum frondo-
sarum.
2. P. FLAVICANS (Hook. & Tayl.) Malme, Beitr. Stict. Feuerl. (1899) 29.
Thallus superne praesertimque margine isidiosus et isidioideo-
laceratus, flavido-glaucescens, medulla lutea, KHO non reagente,
subtus pallidus aut flavido-pallescens aut centrum versus demum
fuscescens, tomento crebro brevi pallido aut demum cinerascente
obscuratove obductus aut partim denudatus pseudocyphellis
luteis, vulgo verrucaeformibus aut demum applanatis instructus.
Gonidia pleurococcacea.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, 1,500 m alt., Merrill 7956 p. p., Bur. Sci.
13510 Ramos; mons Tonglon, 2,000 m alt., Merrill 7953. Ster. Ad corticem
pini et arborum frondosarum.
116
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
3. P. MULTIPARTITA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus margine anguste laciniatus, lacinulis partim isidio-
ideis, saepe partim etiam lamina isidipsa, superne pseudocyphellis
destitutus, glaucescens, KHO non reagens, sat laevigatus, intus
albus, nec KHO nec CaCIaOa nec his reagentiis unitis reagens,
subtus obscuratus, ambitum versus pallidus, rhizinis concolo-
ribus, crebris, brevibus instructus, aut partim ambitum versus
denudatus, pseudocyphellis parvis, punctiformibus, haud aut
leviter prominentibus, albis. Apothecia in lamina thalli sparsa,
1.7-1 mm lata, disco fusco, concavo aut piano, margine sat tenui,
integro, superne disco concolore aut pallido. Excipuium extus
leviter verruculosum, glabrum, gonidia continens, in margine
gonidiis destitutum. Hypothecium fulvescens aut fulvescenti-
pallidum. Epithecium fulvo-rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, disti-
chae, fusiformes, apicibus obtusis, 1-septatae, raro 2-septatae,
rufescentes, long. 0.020-0.023, crass. 0.007-0.010 mm. Gonidia
pleurococcacea, diam. 0.005-0.010 mm, flavescentia, simplicia.
Habitu similis est “Stictae multifidae Laur.” (no. 33530 in herb.
Nyl., ex insulis Viti), cujus medulla autem KHO et CaClaOj
unitis rubescens. P. subvariabilis (Nyl.) reactione cum P. mul-
tipartita congruens, at thallo superne et interne pallido et subtus
late denudato ab ea diftert. S. variabilis var. polyschista Mey.
& Flot., in Manila lecta, ex opinione Muell.-Arg. ad P. sub-
variabilem pertinet, at reactione thalli defecte cognita.
Luzon, Prov. Pampanga, mons Arayat, For. Bur. 1933U Curran: Prov.
Batangas, For. Bur. 7809 Curran & Merritt. Ad truncos arborum et
supra muscos.
4. P. PHAEORHIZA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus margine anguste laciniatus, lacinulis partim isidio-
ideis, sat laevigatus, superne pseudocyphellis destitutus, glau-
cescenti-pallidus, nec KHO, nec CaClaOg reagens, at his reagen-
tiis unitis intus rubescens, subtus pallidus aut centrum versus
obscuratus, rhizinis pallido-fuscescentibus aut ambitum versus
pallidis, crebris, brevibus instructus, aut partim ambitum versus
denudatus, pseudocyphellis parvis aut sat parvis, haud aut leviter
prominentibus, albis, medulla alba. Apothecia marginalia aut
in lamina thalli sparsa, 4-1.5 mm lata, disco rufo, piano, mar-
gine integro, sat crasso, pallido. Excipuium extus verruculo-
sum, glabrum, gonidia tantum in infima basi continens. Hypo-
thecium pallidum. Epithecium rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, disti-
chae, rufae, fusiformes, apicibus sat obtusis, diu 1-septatae,
demum 3-septatae, long. 0.020-0.032, crass. 0.009-0.011 mm.
Gonidia pleurococcacea, flavescentia, vulgo simplicia, diam.
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
117
0.006-0.007 mm. Etiam in P. prolificante (Nyl.) Wain, (secund.
specim. orig. no. 33467 in herb. Nyl.) stratum medullare thalli
KHO et CaCljOa unitis rubescens. Ab ea non differt S. psilo-
phylla Muell.-Arg. Thallo subtus pallido, late denudato, a P.
phaeorhiza distinguuntur.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, mons Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9798, 9867 Robinson,
0. W. Calvin 322. Mindanao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley, Mary Strong
Clemens 1320 p. p. Ad truncos arborum.
M 6. P. HOMALOSTICTA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus margine anguste laciniatus, lacinulis partim isidioideis,
saepe partim etiam lamina isidiosa, sat laevigatus, superne pseu-
docyphellis albis, parvis, punctiformibus, prominentibus instruc-
tus, cinereo-glaucescens aut partim pallido-glaucescens, intus
albus, nec KHO, nec CaCl202, nec his reagentiis unitis reagens,
subtus late pallidus et centrum versus obscuratus, rhizinis fus-
cescentibus aut ambitum versus pallidis, crebris, brevibus ob-
ductus, pseudocyphellis albis, parvis, vulgo prominentibus, sat
crebris instructus. Gonidia pleurococcacea, vulgo simplicia,
flavescentia, diam. circ. 0.006-0.010 mm. Lacinulis et isidiis
et reactionibus thalli congruens cum P. episticta (Nyl.), quae
pseudocyphellis in pagina inferiore thalli parcissime evolutis ab
ea distinguitur.
Luzon, Prov. Rizal, Bur. Sci. 13^53 Ramos. Ad truncos arborum.
Ster.
6. P. QUERCIFOLIA (Tayl.) Wain.
Thallus dichotome sat crebre aut sat increbre repetito-laci-
niatus, laciniis circ. 2-10 mm. latis, sat linearibus aut subcu-
neatis, apicibus subtruncatis aut rotundatis aut obtusis, axillis
latis aut sat angustis, rotundatis aut obtusis, superne impresso-
punctatus foveolatusve (ex pseudocyphellis prominentibus pa-
ginae inferioris), ceterum sat laevigatus, pallidus aut pallido-
glaucescens aut olivaceo- vel fuscescenti-pallidus, saepe nitidus,
sat tenuis, baud valde fragilis, isidiis et sorediis destitutus,
inti»s albidus, KHO nec superne nec intus reagens, addito Ca-
CI2O2 intus distincte pulchreque rubescens, reactione vulgo cito
evanescente, subtus pallidus rhizinis pallidis aut fuscescentibus,
brevibus aut sat brevibus, crebris aut rarius partim increbis
obductus aut rarius partim late denudato, vulgo sat laevigatus,
pseudocyphellis albis, mediocribus aut parvis, circ. 1-0.3 mm
latis, sat crebris, prominentibus instructus. Gonidia pleurocca-
cea. Apothecia marginalia aut supra thallum sparsa, 3-1.5 mm
lata, disco fusco aut nigricante aut rufo, opaco, nudo, piano aut
concavo, margine sat tenui, saepe inflexo, excipulo extus verru-
118
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
COSO aut raro laevigato, verrucis e pilis crebre septatis, sat pachy-
dermaticis, brevibus, partim conglutinatis formatis, gonidiis
destitute, extus vulgo testaceo-pallido. Hypothecium pallidum.
Epithecium rufescens, Sporae 8-nae, distichae, fusiformes, api-
cibus obtusis, fuscescentes, diu 1-septatae, p. p. demum 3-sep-
tatae, long. 0.028-0.034, crass. 0.008-0.009 mm.
Luzon, Prov. Cagayan, For. Bur. 16706 Bacani: Subprov. Lepanto, For.
Bur. 16022 Bacani; mens Data, alt. 2,250 m, Merrill ^981: Subprov.
Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5880 Ramos; mons Pulog, Merrill 61.53, Bur. Sci. 8930
McGregor; mons Tonglon, For. Bur. 5052 Curran, Bur. Sci. 5191a, 5191,
5195a Ramos; Pauai, circ. 2,100 m alt.. Bur. Sci. 8531, 8536 McGregor,
Bur. Sci. 1137, 1511 Mearns: Prov. Bataan, For. Bur. 19166 Curran; mons
Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 6216 Robinson: Prov. Rizal, Bur. Sci. 13151 Ramos:
Prov. Lagnina, mons Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9811, 9868 Robinson. Mindanao,
Prov. Misamis, mons Malindang, For. Bur. 1809 Mearns & Hutchinson:
Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens 1317. Mindoro, mons
Halcon, 1,800 m alt., Merrill 6211, 6191 p. p., 6220. Ad truncos arborum.
7. P. DISSIMULATA (Nyl.) Wain.
Var. HYPOPHAEA Wain.
Thallus subtus pallidus aut medium versus obscuratus, rhizinis
brevibus, crebris fuscescentibus obductus aut apices versus de-
nudatus. Thallus superne glaucescens, leviter nitidus, inaequa-
lis, subreticulato-rugosus aut fossulatus, isidiis et sorediis desti-
tutus, medulla alba, superne et intus nec KHO, nec CaChOa, nec
his reagentiis unitis reagens, pseudocyphellis vulgo prominenti-
bus, mediocribus aut parvis. Apothecia marginalia aut raro
parce etiam supra thallum sparsa, 2.5-1 mm lata, disco rufo aut
fusco-nigricante piano, opaco, margine mediocri aut sat tenui, nec
prominente, nec flexuoso, excipulo extus demum verrucoso, goni-
diis destituto, extus pallido. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithe-
cium pallidum aut rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, rufes-
centes, fusiformes, apicibus sat obtusis, demum 3-septatae, long.
0.022-0.026, crass. 0.007-0.009 mm. Gonidia pleurococcacea.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, mons Banajao, For. Bur. 7990 Curran & Merritt:
Prov. Batangas, parce cum For. Bur. 7823 Curran & Merritt. Mindanao,
Dist. Zamboanga, 1,000-1,300 m alt., Merrill 8317, 8319, 8351. Ad truncos
arborum.
Var. NUDIOR Wain.
Thallus subtus pallidus aut albido-pallescens, rhizinis concolo-
ribus aut raro demum obscuratis increbris aut crebris passim
parce obductus, late aut fere totus denudatus. Thallus superne
glaucescens aut partim pallido-glaucescens, leviter nitidus aut
sat opacus, inaequalis, isidiis et sorediis destitutes, medulla alba,
superne et intus nec KHO, nec CaCljOg, nec his reagentiis unitis
VIII, c, 2 Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philipinnarum H9
reagens, pseudocyphellis vulgo prominentibus, parvis. Gonidia
pleurococcacea.
Luzon, Prov. Pampanga, mons Arayat, Merrill 38JtS: Prov. Bataan,
mons Mariveles, Whitford 2Jfl : Prov. Batangas, For. Bur. 7883 p. p.
Curran & Merritt. Negros, Canlaon Volcano, 1,600 m alt., Merrill 6889.
Ad truncos arborum.
Var. CURRANII Wain.
Thallus subtus pallidus et medium versus obscuratus, rhizinis
fuscescentibus, crebris aut passim increbris obductus, superne
olivaceo-virescens, leviter nitidus, leviter impresso-punctatus.
Thallus crebre ramosus, isidiis et sorediis destitutus, medulla
alba, pseudocyphellis parvis, crebris, prominentibus, superne et
intus nec KHO, nec CaCLOg, nec his reagentiis unitis reagens.
Gonidia pleurococcacea. Apothecia marginalia et parce supra
thallum sparsa, 1-2 mm lata, disco fusco, opaco, piano aut leviter
convexo, margine sat tenui aut demum excluso, excipulo extus
demum verrucoso, verrucis parenchymaticis, gonidiis omnino des-
titute. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium rufescens aut pal-
lidum. Sporae 8-nae, fusiformes, apicibus sat obtusis, rufescen-
tes, 1-3-septatae, long. 0.022-0.028, crass. 0.007-0.010 mm,
membrana intus verrucoso-inaequali. P. homoeophylla (Nyl.)
thallo crassiore, pallido, apotheciis majoribus, cet. ab hac varie-
tate differt.
Luzon, Prov. Pampanga, mons Arayat, For. Bur. I93H Curran. Ad
truncum arboris.
8. P. CROCATA (L.) Wain.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, mons Pulog, Merrill 6^58, Bur. Sci. 8935
McGregor. Mindanao, Dist. Davao, mons Apo, 1,900 m alt., Copeland
1093. Etiam fertiles. Ad ramos arborum.
9. P. GILVA (Thunb.) Malme.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, 1,500 m alt, Merrill 7950; Pauai, alt. circ.
2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8528, 8562, 8595, 8627 McGregor; mons Tonglon, 2,000
m alt., Merrill 7962, 7972. Mindanao, Dist. Davao, mons Apo, 1,800 m
alt, Copeland 1089, 1092 p. p. In arboribus.
10. P. SUBPUNCTULATA (Nyl.) Wain.
Thallus superne impresso-punctatus, foveolatusve, isidiis et
sorediis destitutus, medulla alba, KHO non reagente, at addito
hypochlorite calcico roseo-rubescente. Gonidia nostocacea. Ex-
cipulum gonidiis destitutum. Hypothecium albidum aut pas-
sim pallidum. Epithecium rufescens aut testaceum. Sporae
8-nae, distichae, fuscescentes, fusiformes, apicibus sat acutis aut
sat obtusis, 3-septatae, long. 0.027-0.032, crass. 0.009-0.011 mm.
120 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
Habitu omnino similis est P. quercifoliae (Tayl.), at gonidiis ab
ea differens.
Luzon, Subpi-ov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. i553
Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8550 McGregor; mons Pulog, For. Bur. 16360 Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke, Bur. Sci. 8927, 893U, 8938 McGregor; mons Tonglon,
Bur. Sci. 5^86, 5i92 Ramos, For. Bur. 11069 Whitford: Prov. Zambales,
For. Bur. 8197 Curran & Merritt: Prov. Rizal, Bur. Sci. 13452 Ramos:
Prov. Laguna, mons Banajao, circ. 2,000 m alt.. Bur. Sci. 6556 Robinson,
Merrill 7525. Mindoro, flumen Alag, Merrill 5497. Ad truncos arborum.
11. P. CINNAMOMEA (Rich.) Wain.
Thallus KHO nec superne nec intus reagens, addito CaCLO^
intus rubescens, subtus baud costato-incrassatus, margine isi-
diosus, sorediis destitutus, medulla alba, pseudocyphellis albis,
mediocribus. Gonidia nostocacea. Apothecia manginalia et
parce supra thallum sparsa, 4.5-2 mm lata, disco fusco aut rufo,
nitido aut opaco, piano aut concavo, margine mediocri, integro,
excipulo extus areolato-diffracto aut subverrucoso, glabro, goni-
diis destituto. Hypothecium pallescens. Epithecium rufescens
aut pallidum. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, fusiformes, apicibus sat
obtusis, fuscescentes, diu 1-septatae, demum 3-septatae, long.
0.023-0.030, crass. 0.007-0.011 mm. Secundum specim. orig.
no. 34107 in herb. Nyl. hue pertinet Stictina fragillima var. dis-
similis Nyl. Syn. Lich. 336, etiam reactionibus huic congruens.
In specimine orig. S. fragillimae Bab. no. 34115 in herb. Nyl.
medulla thalli KHO, addito CaClgOo non reagens.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 4432
Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8546, 8561, 8599 McGregor; mons Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8950
McGregor; mons Tonglon, For. Bur. 5049 Curran: Subprov. Lepanto, mons
Data, 2,250 m alt., Merrill 4976. Ad truncos arborum.
12. P. INTRICATA (Del.) Wain.
Thallus sat laevigatus, tantum margine sorediosus, nec KHO,
nec CaClaOa reagens. Apothecia marginalia, 2-1.5 mm lata,
tenuia, disco rufo aut fusco, nitido aut opaco, piano, margine tenui,
integro, excipulo extus minute verruculoso, gonidiis destituto.
Hypothecium pallidum aut rufescenti-pallidum. Epithecium ru-
fescens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, fusiformes, apicibus obtusis,
fuscescentes, diu 1-septatae, parce demum 3-septatae,' long.
0.024-0.030, crass. 0.006-0.008 mm. Medulla thalli alba. Pseu-
docyphellae albae, sat latae aut mediocres. Gonidia nostocacea.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, For. Bur. 15864 Bacani; mons Tonglon, alt.
2,000 m, Merrill 7952, Bur. Sci. 5488 Ramos; mons Pulog, Bur. Sci. 8951
McGregor : Subprov. Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 740. Mindanao, Prov. Misamis,
mons Malindang, For. Bur. 4785 Mearns & Hutchinson: Dist. Davao, mons
Apo, alt. 1,800 m, Copeland 1092 p. p. Ad truncos arborum.
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Pkilippinarum
121
Var. THOUARSII (Del.) Nyl.
Soraliis supra laminam thalli sparsis. Thallus KHO, addito
CaCloOj non reagens.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Sanchez 15; Baguio, Dur. Sci. 1199^ p. p.
Robinson; Pauai, alt. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8589 McGregor: Subprov. Bontoc,
Vanoverbergh 781. Ad truncos arborum.
13. P. ARGYRACEA (Bor.) Wain.
Thallus in superficie laminae et saepe in margine thalli pseu-
docyphellis instructus albis, vulgo demum isidia fragilia formanti-
bus, saepe etiam margine isidiosus, medulla alba, pseudocyphellis
albis, mediocribus, sat crebris in pagina inferiore instructus, KHO
nec superne nec intus reagens, addito CaClaOa intus rubescens.
Gonidia nostocacea. Apothecia marginalia et supra laminam
thalli sparsa, 1-2 mm lata, tenuia, disco fusco-nigro aut fusco,
opaco, piano, margine tenui, integro, excipulo extus increbre ver-
ruculoso aut sublaevigato, gonidiis destitute. Hypothecium pal-
lidum aut rufescens. Epithecium pallido-rufescens. Sporae
8-nae, distichae, oblongae, apicibus obtusis, rufescentes, 1-sep-
tatae, long. 0.022-0.028, crass. 0.007-0.009 mm.
Luzon, Prov. Pampanga, mons Arayat, For. Bur. 193U2 Curran: Prov.
Rizal, Bur. Scu 1363U Ramos: Prov. Laguna, mons Banajao, Bur. Sci.
6587 Robinson. Mindanao, Subprov. Butuan, C. M. Weber 1352, 1375:
Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope lacum Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens
1320 p. p. Insulae Batanes, Bur. Sci. 3860 Fenix. Ad truncos et ramos
arborum.
Var. REVENIENS Wain.
Thallus in pagina superiore pseudocyphellis parvis aut sat par-
vis instructus, isidiis destitutus. Thallus superne leviter fossu-
lato-rugulosus, olivaceo-glaucescens, leviter nitidus, crebre di-
chotome repetito-laciniatus, laciniis 12-2 mm latis, apicibus vulgo
truncatis, subtus ambitum versus late pallidus, centrum versus
fuscescens, rhizinis concoloribus, brevibus, crebris obductus,
KHO nec superne nec intus reagens, addito CaCl,02 intus rubes-
cens.
Luzon, inter prov. Albay et Sorsogon, For. Bur. 12394 Curran. Ad
corticem arboris.
14. P. TOMENTOSA (Mey. & Plot.) Wain.
Sticta Richardi var. tomentosa Mey. & Plot, in Nov. Act. Acad. Caes.
Leop.-Car. Nat. Cur. 19 (1843) Suppl. 1:216.
Pseudocyphellis majoribus, apotheciis marginalibus axillis la-
ciniarum latioribus ceterisque notis secundum specim. orig. no.
34046 in herb. Nyl. a P. foveolata (Del.) differt.
Luzon, ad truncos arborum, Meyen.
122
1913
The Philippine Journal of Science
2. STICTA (Schreb.) Wainio
1. S. MANILENSIS Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus sat irregulariter crebre iteratim laciniatus lobatusque,
laciniis circ. 22-2 (-1) mm latis, basin versus vulgo angustatis,
apicibus saepe subtruncatis aut rotundatis, superne sat laevigatis,
pallidus aut testaceo-fuscescenti-variegatus, sat opacus, glaber,
sorediis et isidiis destitutus, subtus pallidus aut centrum versus
obscuratus, rhizinis concoloribus, brevibus, sat crebris, cyphellis
circ. 0.3-1 mm latis, KHO et CaCbO, nec superne nec intus
reagens. Apothecia marginalia et parcius supra thallum sparsa,
5-2.5 mm lata, parmelioideo-elevata, disco fusco aut rufo, saepe
sat nitido, concavo aut planiusculo, margine primum inflexo et
supra discum formante, demum crenulato aut subintegro, me-
diocri, excipulo extus verruculoso, pilis brevibus, crebre articula-
tis, pachydermaticis, gonidia continente. Hypothecium pallidum.
Epithecium testaceum aut rufescenti-pallidum. Sporae 8-nae,
polystichae, fusiformes, apicibus acutis aut sat obtusis, pallidae
aut dilute fuscescentes, 1-septatae, long. 0.044-0.050, crass.
0.004-0.006 mm. Gonidia pleurococcacea. Habitu similis est 5^.
subcaperatae Nyl., quae secundum specim. orig. in herb. Nyl.
excipulo gonidia continente instructa est, at sporis crassioribus
brevioribusque 3-septatis (-6-septatis) ab ea distinguitur.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, mons Pulog, For. Bur. 16S54. Curran, Merritt,
& Zschokke: Prov. Zambales, mons Pinatubo, Bur. Sci. 2538 Foxworthy.
Ad truncos arborum.
2. S. CAPERATA Bory.
Apothecia gonidiis destituta secund. specim. orig. no. 33639 in
herb. Nyl. Ad hac non est distinguenda S. caperata var. javanica
Nyl. FI. (1869) 118, in insulis Philippinis a Cuming lecta (no.
2176), sporis “long. 0.05-06, crass. 0.009-0.011 mm, 1-5-septatis”
secundum annotationem Nylanderi in sched., et excipulo gonidiis
destituto instructa.
3. S. RECEDENS (Muell.-Arg.) Wain.
Thallus increbre dichotome repetito-laciniatus, laciniis circ.
13-4 mm latis, apicibus subtruncatis aut obtusis, axillis latis, ro-
tundato-obtusis, superne sat laevigatus aut leviter impresso- vel
ruguloso-inaequalis, cinereo- aut olivaceo-glaucescens aut fusco-
pallescens, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, subtus centrum versus
fuscescens et ambitum versus aut totus pallescens, rhizinis brevi-
bus, fuscescentibus, increbris aut partim crebris aut evanescenti-
bus aut subtus fere totus nudus, basin versus saepe costatus,
cyphellis parvis, basi breviter stipitiformi-contracta et vulgo in-
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
123
crassata et saepe radiciforme elongata. Apothecia marginalia
aut p. p. supra thallum sparsa, 2-1.3 mm lata, disco rufo aut tes-
taceo-rufescente aut fusco, piano aut concavo, margine subintegro
aut leviter crenulato verruculosove, excipulo ceterum sat laevi-
gato, gonidiis destituto. Hypothecium pallidum aut pallido-rufes-
cens. Epithecium pallidum aut pallido-rufescens. Sporae 8-nae,
distichae, decolores aut pallescentes, fusiformes, apicibus sat acu-
tis aut rarius obtusis, 1-3-septatae (raro etiam 8-septatae: in no.
7823), long. 0.036-0.052, crass. 0.008-0.010 mm. Gonidia pleu-
rococcacea. S. hijpopsiloides Nyl. secundum specimina originalia
in herb. Nyl. thallo breviter stipitato cum hac specie congruens,
laciniis latioribus magisque irregularibus ab ea differ!. 5. dicho-
toma Del. thallo haud stipitato ab ea distinguitur. S. canariensis
Bory secundum specim. orig. no. 1943 in herb. Nyl. thallo pallido-
flavicante dignota, basi stipitata cum S. recedente congruens. S.
dichotomoides Nyl. laciniis angustioribus et cephalodiis margina-
libus, arbusculaeformibus elongatis ab ea recedit.
Luzon, Prov. Bataan, mons Mariveles, alt. 1,200 m. For. Bur. 2S93
Borden: Prov. Batangas, Copeland 26^, For. Bur. 7823, 7837 bis Curran
& Merritt. Ad truncos arborum.
4. S. PULVINATA (Mey. & Plot.) Wain.
Cephalodiis arbusculaeformibus, brevibus a S. carpolomoide
Nyl. differ!. Thallus subtus pallidus, denudatus aut partim
rhizinis brevibus increbris aut rarius sat crebris obductus, ce-
phalodiis mediocribus aut latis instructus, basi breviter stipitatus.
Gonidia pleurococcacea. Hue etiam pertinet coll. Vieillard no.
1798 e Nova Caledonia et planta in Manila a Gaudichaud lecta,
disco apotheciorum fusco et sporis “long. 0.32-0.34, crass.
0.009-0.011 mm, 3-septatis” instructa secundum annotationem
Nylanderi (no. 3366 in herb. Nyl.). In specimine orig. S. car-
polomoidis Nyl., in Java a Korthals lecto (no. 33664 in herb.
Nyl.), thallus isidiis destitutes, subtus rhizinis brevibus, crebris
fuscescenti-pallidis obductus.
Luzon, Prov. Bataan, mons Mariveles, Merrill 6285a. Mindanao, Dist.
Zamboanga, 700 m alt., Copeland “F.” Ad truncos arborum.
5. S. TRICHOPHORA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus sat increbre dichotome repetito-laciniatus, laciniis sub-
linearibus, 7-4 mm latis, apicibus obtusis aut subtruncatis, axillis
latis, rotundatis aut obtusis, superne sat laevigatus, pallidus aut
glaucescenti-pallidus, sat opacus, apices versus breviter albido-
tomentosus aut pubescens, sorediis isidiisque destitutes, haud
stipitatus, KHO nec superne nec intus reagens, subtus fuscescens
124
The Philippine Journal of Science
et ambitum versus pallescens, rhizinis concoloribus, sat brevibus,
crebris obductus aut partim etiam denudatus, cyphellis medio-
cribus, albis, baud profundis, partim pseudocyphelliformibus.
Apothecia marginalia aut parcius etiam supra thallum sparsa,
1.7-mm lata, disco rufo nitido aut opaco, concavo aut piano,
margine crassitudine mediocri aut sat tenui, prominente, integro,
excipulo extus piloso, gonidia parce in basi apothecii continente.
Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium testaceo-rufescens. Sporae
8-nae, distichae, rufescentes, fusiformes, apicibus sat obtusis,
1-septatae, septo tenui, long. 0.018-0.022, crass. 0.007-0.008 mm.
Gonidia nostocacea. Habitu omnino similis S. damaecorni (Sw.)
Ach. var. rudiusculae Wain., cujus gonidia pleurococcacea, saepe
bicellulosa aut glomerulosa. Ad speciem nostrum forsan pertinet
Stictina quercizans var. trichophora Muell.-Arg. Lich. Beitr. no.
238.
Mindanao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope lacum Lanao, Mary
Strong Clemens 130U- Ad truncos arborum.
6. S. AMBAVILLARIA (Bor.) Del.
Thallus laevigatus aut impresso-punctatus, ciliis marginalibus,
albidis, brevibus instructus aut ciliis et isidiis destitutus, baud
stipitatus, subtus pallidus aut albidus, tomento crebro, concolore
(aut raro denudatus, var. papyrina Nyl.). Apotbecia excipulo
piloso, gonidia in basi continente. Sporae fusiformes, decolores,
3-septatae, long. 0.034-0.036, crass. 0.005 mm. Gonidia nosto-
cacea. Hue etiam pertinent S. Lenormandii (v. d. Boscb) Nyl. et
S. impressula Nyl.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Baguio, alt. 1,400 m. Bur. Sci. 11994. p. p. Rob-
inson. Ad truncos arborum.
7. S. FIMBRIATA Schaer.
Tballus margine ciliatus, ciliis 1-0.5 mm longis, nigris, sim-
plicibus, isidiis destitutus, subtus fuscescens aut ambitum versus
pallescens ocbraceusve, rbizinis concoloribus, brevibus, crebris
aut partim denudatus, cypbellis mediocribus aut parvis, profun-
dis, basi stipitatus. Apotbecia supra tballum sparsa, 2.5-1.5 mm
lata, sat tenuia, disco fusco aut rufo, margine tenui aut sat tenui,
integro, excipulo leviter verruculoso aut sat laevigato, glabro,
gonidiis destituto. Gonidia nostocacea.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Baguio, 1,500 m alt., Merrill 4889. Mindoro,
mons Halcon, Merrill 6195. Mindanao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope
lacum Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens 1316 p. p.
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
125
8. S. DUPLOLIMBATA (Hue) Wain.
Thallus margine ciliatus, ciliis 10.5 mm longis, nigris, simpli-
cibus, et isidiatus, isidiis brevibus, tenuibus, interdum tantum
parce evolutis, subtus fuscescens aut maxima parte pallidus,
rhizinis concoloribus, brevibus, crebris, aut rare partim denu-
datus, cyphellis profundis, mediocribus, parvis aut latis, basi
stipitatus. Apothecia supra thallum sparsa, 3.5-2 mm lata, sat
tenuia, disco piano, rufo aut fusco aut testaceo, margine tenui
aut sat tenui, integro aut verruculoso-crenulato, excipulo sat lae-
vigato aut leviter verruculoso, glabro, gonidiis destitute. Hypo-
thecium pallidum. Epithecium pallescens aut lutescens aut ru-
fescens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, fusiformes, apicibus sat acutis,
demum 3-septatae, pallescentes, long, 0,038-0.040, crass. 0.009-
0.010 mm. Gonidia nostocacea. Hue pertinet S. ciliaris f. du-
plolimhata Hue, Lich. Extra-Eur. no. 440, et proxime afRnis est
S. fimbriatae, quae tantum thallo isidiis destitute ab ea differre
videtur. Ambae habitu et ramificatione thalli S. amhavillariae
(Bor.) similes, at thallo stipitato ab ea distinguuntur.
Luzon, Subprov. Bontoc, 1,500 m alt., Vanoverbergh 784: Subprov.
Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m, Bur. Set. 8596 McGregor; mons Pulog,
Bur. Sci. 8958, 8961 McGregor : Prov. Batangas, For. Bur. 7837 bis p. p.
Curran & Merritt. Mindanao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope lacum
Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens 1309: Dist. Zamboanga, 1,000 m alt., Merrill
8345. Ad truncos.
9. S. LINGULATA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus increbre aut sat increbre dichotome repetito-lacinia-
tus, laciniis sublinearibus, 12-2 mm latis, apicibus obtusis aut
rotundatis, axillis latis, obtusis, superne laevigatus, planus aut
basin versus canaliculatus, cinereus aut rare apices versus pal-
lescens, sat opacus, glaber, isidiis marginalibus, minutissimis
aut raro 2 mm longis, vulgo tenuissimis, obscure cinereis, par-
cissimis aut abundanter evolutis instructus, sorediis et ciliis mar-
ginalibus destitutus, KHO nec superne nec intus reagens, subtus
fuscescens aut ambitum versus pallescens, rhizinis fuscescenti-
bus, brevibus, crebris obductus aut ambitum versus aut raro to-
tus denudatus, basin versus costatus, cyphellis minutis, profundis,
saepe pallido-marginatis, margine prominente, stipite brevi aut
sat brevi instructus. Gonidia nostocacea. Hue pertinet “Stic-
tina strictula” Nyl. e Madagascaria (33855), sed baud specimen
originale Deiisei,
Mindanao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope lacum Lanao, Mary
Strong Clemens 1310: Subprov. Butuan, alt. 320 m, C. M. Weber 1392.
Mindoro, prope flumen Alag, Merrill 5497 p. p.
126
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
10. S. MARGINIFERA Mont.
Thallus irregulariter laciniatus lobatusque, lobis cuneatis, la-
tere sinuatis, apice iterum lobatis et lobato-crenatis, superne
flavescens aut flavido-glaucescens aut pallescenti- vel fuscescenti-
variegatus, isidiis brevibus, tenuibus, obscure cinereis, crebris
aut parcis marginatus, sorediis et ciliis destitutus, subtus
sordide pallescens aut fuscescens, rhizinis concoloribus, brevis-
simis, crebris obductus aut partim denudatus, basin versus cos-
tatus, cyphellis parvis aut parce etiam mediocribus, profundis
instructus, basi breviter stipitatus. Gonidia nostocacea. Apo-
thecia supra thallum sparsa, 1. 5-3.5 mm lata, sat crassa aut
crassitudine mediocria, disco fusco aut fusco-nigro, margine cras-
situdine mediocri aut sat tenui, crebre radiatim fisso aut subin-
tegro, excipulo glabro, sat laevigato, gonidiis destituto. Hypo-
thecium dilute pallido-rufescens. Epithecium pallido-rufescens.
Sporae 8-nae, distichae, dilute pallidae, diu 1-septatae, demum
3-septatae, long. 0.045, crass. 0.012 mm. Thallo margine isi-
dioso secundum specimen originale no. 33790 in herb. Nyl. cum
hac specie congruit S. filicinella Nyl., quae autem thallo subtus
distinctissime nervoso differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8577, 8609
McGregor; mons Pulog, Bur. Sci. 89^6 McGregor, For. Bur. 16381 Curran,
Merritt, & Zschokke; mons Tonglon, For. Bur. 11069 Whitford p. p.:
Subprov. Lepanto, For. Bur. 16027 Bacani; mons Data, alt. 2,200 m,
Merrill U9U6. Mindanao, Dist. Davao, mons Apo, alt. 1,900 m, Copeland
1087. In arboribus.
11. S. ORBICULARIS (Mey. & Plot.) Wain.
Var. PALLESCENS Wain.
Thallus saepe suborbicularis et subinteger aut parum lobatus,
margine isidiosus, isidiis brevibus tenuibusque, obscure cinereis,
subtus sordide pallescens, rhizinis concoloribus, brevissimis, cre-
bris aut sat crebris obductus, cyphellis inaequalibus, latis et
mediocribus, breviter stipitatus. Gonidia nostocacea. Apothe-
cia marginalia. S. hypochra Wain, thallo magis lobato, poly-
phyllino ab hac varietate differt.
Luzon, Prov. Pampanga, mons Arayat, For. Bur. 1931^0 Curran. Min-
danao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope lacum Lanao, Mary Strong
Clemens 13 24-.
12. S. BOSCH I AN A Mont.
Thallus isidiis destitutus, subtus pallidus, rhizinis concoloribus,
brevissimis, crebris aut sat crebris obductus aut raro partim
denudatus, breviter stipitatus, cyphellis minutis, prominentibus,
margine nudis. Apothecia marginalia, margine integro, sat
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
127
tenui, excipulo glabro, laevigato, gonidiis destitute. Hypothe-
cium dilute fuscescens. Epithecium pallido-rufescens. Sporae
8-nae, dilute fuscescentes, fusiformes, apicibus sat obtusis, 3-
septatae, long. 0.040-0.044, crass. 0.01 mm. Gonidia nostocacea.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, mons Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9797 Robinson. Ad
truncum arboris.
13. S. COPELANDII Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus cuneatus, long. 25-20 mm, lat. 35-25 mm, bilobatus
aut subdichotome laciniatus, lobis cuneatis, crenatis, superne
pallidus aut pallido- vel fuscescenti-glaucescens, isidiis et ciliis
destitutus, esorediatus, sat laevigatus, aut leviter scrobiculatus,
KHO non reagens, subtus ochraceo-pallidus, rhizinis concolor-
ibus, brevissimis crebre obductus, basin versus saepe sat distincte
nervosus, breviter stipitatus, cyphellis latis aut mediocribus
(1-0.5 mm latis) instructus. Gonidia nostocacea. Apothecia
marginalia aut submarginalia, 1-3.5 mm lata, late adnata, cras-
situdine mediocria, disco fusco-nigro, vulgo opaco, piano, margine
subintegTO aut leviter fisso, excipulo sat laevigato, glabro, goni-
diis destitute. Hypothecium dilute rufescens vel pallido-rufes-
cens. Epithecium pallido-rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae,
pallidae aut dilute pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus sat acutis aut
sat obtusis, diu 1-septatae, demum 3-septatae, long. 0.050-0.064,
crass. 0.010-0.014 mm. A S. Boschiana praesertim cyphellis
multo majoribus differt.
Mindanao, Dist. Davao, mons Apo, 2,000 m alt., Copeland 1087 p. p.,
1090 p. p. In arboribus.
14. S. PLURISEPTATA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus in lobos cuneatos aut irregulares, circ. 30-25 mm
longos, 30-15 mm latos, denuo lobatos aut crenatos partitus,
superne cinereo-glaucescens aut obscure glaucescens, laevigatus,
ciliis et isidiis et sorediis destitutus, KHO non reagens, subtus
pallidus et centrum versus fuscescens, rhizinis longitudine medio-
cribus aut partim brevibus, obscuratis aut sordide pallescentibus,
crebris aut partim rarescentibus, cyphellis latis aut mediocribus
(1-0.5 mm latis), baud costatus, basi breviter stipitatus. Apo-
thecia marginalia aut submarginalia, 1.5-3 mm lata, late adnata,
crassitudine mediocria, disco nigricante aut fusco-nigro, opaco,
piano, margine crenulato aut subintegro, excipulo sat laevigato,
subtus breviter tomentoso, gonidiis destitute. Hypothecium
testaceum aut rufescens. Epithecium pallidum aut rufescens.
Sporae 8-nae, fusiformes, decolores aut dilute pallidae, 1-septatae
aut demum 5-septatae, long. 0.058-0.066, crass. 0.012-0.013 mm.
128
The Philippine Journal of Science
Affinis S. dilatatae (Nyl.) Wain., quae secund. specim. orig. in
coll. Lindig. no. 1236 thallo stipitato, isidiis destituto, pilis mar-
ginalibus, penicilliformibus, cinereis ornato, apotheciis supra
thallum sparsis, glabris, differ! a S. tomentosa Sw., quae thallo
ciliis et isidiis et stipite destitutus, subtus obscuris aut pallidis,
apotheciis parvis, primum tomentosis, demum glabris secundum
specim. orig. in herb. Ach. instructa est.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, mons Pulog, Merrill 6468. Ad truncum
ai'boris.
3. LOB ARIA Schreber
1. L. MERIDIONALIS Wain.
Thallus sat irregulariter iteratim lobatus et laciniatus, sub-
pendulus, apicibus vulgo obtusis; axillis rotundatis aut obtusis,
superne reticulato-costatus scrobiculatusque, fusco-pallescens aut
pallido- vel cinereo-glaucescens, vulgo nitidus, sorediis destitutus,
costis et margine plus minusve isidiosis, intus albus et KHO
leviter fulvescens, subtus dilute pallidus aut albidus aut canal-
ibus inter bullas denudatas rufescentibus fuscescentibusve et
tomentosis, tomento brevi, pallido aut rufescente aut fusces-
cente aut nigricante, ex hyphis laxe adhaerentibus, apice liberis
formato. Gonidia pleurococcacea, simplicia. Apothecia mar-
ginalia et supra laminam sparsa, 2-4 mm lata, elevata, basi
bene constricta, substipitata aut sessilia, cupuliformia aut ap-
planata aut raro convexa, disco rufo aut fusco aut pallido, nitido
aut raro opaco, margine sat tenui aut demum excluso, integro,
excipulo tessellato-verruculoso, pallido aut testaceo, glabro, goni-
dia infra stratum corticale continente, margine gonidiis des-
tituto. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium pallidum aut tes-
taceum aut rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, decolores aut
dilute pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus sat obtusis, 3-septatae, long.
0.021-0.033, crass. 0.008-0.011 mm. Conidangia thallo immersa.
Hue partim S. pulmonaria var. papillaris auctorum p. p. pertinet,
at Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. sporis vulgo 1-septatis et
thallo semper soredioso, isidiis destituto aut simul soredioso et
isidioso (var. papillaris Del.) a L. meridioriali differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Abra, Bur. Sci. 7 SOI Ramos: Subprov. Bon toe, Vano-
verbergh 393: Subprov. Lepanto, mons Data, alt. 2,250 m, Merrill 4952,
4985: Subprov. Benguet, Merrill 7932, 1,500 m alt.. For. Bur. 15901 Bacani,
Bur. Sci. 3380 M earns. Bur. Sci. 13511 Ramos; Baguio, 1,440 m alt.. Bur.
Sci. 14008 Robinson; Pauai, alt. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8626 McGregor; mons
Pulog, Merrill 6464, 6465, 6466, 6467, For. Bur. 16380 Curran, Merritt,
& Zschokke; mons Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5495 Ramos. Mindanao, Dist. Lanao,
Castra Keithley prope lacum Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens 1318. Ad
truncos arborum.
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
129
2. L. ISIDIOSA (Muell.-Arg.) Wain.
Thallus irregulariter ,Jobatus laciniatusque, subpendulus,
apicibus saepe subtruncatis, superne olivaceo- aut pallido- aut
fusco- aut cinereo-glaucescens aut obscure virescens, vulgo leviter
nitidus, reticulato-costatus scrobiculatusque, in rugarum jugis et
in marginibus isidiosus, isidiis linearibus, cylindricis aut rarius
applanatis, sorediis destitutus, intus albidus, nec KHO nec
CaCIaOa reagens, subtus pallidus aut subalbidus et canalibus
inter bullas glabras pallidis aut rufescentibus aut fuscescen-
centibus, ambitum versus denudatis, ceterum crebre tomentosis,
tomento brevi, nigricante aut fuscescente, penicillato, ex hyphis
laxe cohaerentibus, apice liberis formato, vulgo etiam rhizinis
filiformibus, 2-7 mm longis, ex hyphis arete connatis formatis,
pallidis aut fuscescentibus aut nigricantibus, simplicibus aut
ramosis, glabris aut breviter squarroso-tomentosis, saepe aggre-
gatis, in canalibus aut bullis affixis instructus. Gonidia nosto-
cacea. Apothecia supra laminam thalli sparsa, parce etiam
marginalia, 3.5-1 mm lata, sessilia, baud elevata, vulgo appla-
nata, disco rufo aut fuscescente, nitido aut raro opaco, margine
tenui, integro, pallido aut fuscescente, excipulo tessellato-verru-
culoso, tomentoso aut glabro, gonidia solum in basi infra stra-
tum corticale continente. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium
rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, decolored fusiformes, apici-
bus obtusis, 3-septatae, long. 0.028-0.030, crass. 0.007-0.011
mm. Conidangia thallo immersa. Stictina retigera f. isidiosa
Muell.-Arg. Lich. Beitr. no. 393, hue pertinet.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Bur. Sci. 5876 Ramos, For. Bur. 15772 Curran;
Pauai, alt. 2,250 m. Bur. Sci. MSI, J^5^6 Mearns, Bur. Sci. 8537, 859 U (f.
sphyridioides Wain., isidiis morbose rufo-capitatis) , 8626 McGregor; mons
Pulog, Merrill 6U70, Bur. Sci. 8926, 8966 McGregor. In arboribus.
3. L. RETIGERA (Bor.) Wain.
Thallus irregulariter aut iteratim dichotome lobatus lacinia-
tusque, subpendulus, apicibus saepe subtruncatis, superne pallido-
aut olivaceo-glaucescens, leviter nitidus, reticulato-costatus scro-
biculatusque, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, intus albidus, nec
KHO nec CaClaOa reagens, subtus pallidus et canalibus inter
bullas glabras pallidis aut rarius demum rufescentibus, ambitum
versus denudatis, ceterum crebre tomentosis, tomento brevi,
nigricante, penicillato, ex hyphis laxe cohaerentibus, apice liberis
formato, etiam rhizinis filiformibus, 1-4 mm longis, ex hyphis
arete connatis formatis, pallidis aut fuscescentibus aut nigri-
cantibus, vulgo subsimplicibus, glabris aut breviter squarroso-
tomentosis, saepe aggregatis, in canalibus aut bullis affixis in-
H6076 6
130
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
structus. Gonidia nostocacea. Apothecia supra laminam thalli
sparsa, parce etiam marginalia, 2.5-1 mm lata, sat elevata, basi
bene constricta, substipitata aut sessilia, primum cupuliformia,
dein mox applanata, disco rufo aut fuscescente, nitido aut opaco,
margine tenui, subintegro, fuscescente aut subpallido, excipulo
tessellato-verruculoso, subglabro aut glabro, primum in basi goni-
dia continente, demum gonidiis destitute, stipite gonidia con-
tinente. Hypothecium pallidum aut rufescenti-pallidum. Epi-
thecium rufescens aut pallidum. Sporae 8-nae, distichae,
decolores aut pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus obtusis aut sat acutis,
demum 3-septatae, long. 0.026-0.030, crass. 0.007-0.010 mm.
Thallo isidiis destitute et apotheciis magis elevatis, demum goni-
diis destitutis a L. isidiosa (Muell.-Arg.) ditfert.
Mindoro, mons Halcon, Merrill 6110. Mindanao, Prov. Misamis, mons
Malindang, For. Bur. U808 Meams & Hutchinson. Ad truncos arborum.
^4. L. ASIATICA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus irregulariter lobatus, adpressus, superne olivaceo-
pallido- et pallido-fuscescenti-variegatus, subtus late nigricans,
rhizinis concoloribus, tomento subcontinuo aut partim abrupto,
ex hyphis laxe cohaerentibus formate, rhizinis longioribus abun-
danter immixto superne et intus nec KHO nec CaClgOa reagens,
at his reagentiis unitis intus rubescens. Gonidia pleurococ-
cacea. Apothecia supra laminam thalli sparsa, parmelioidea,
cupuliformia, 3-6 mm lata, sessilia, disco concavo aut demum
applanato, rufo aut fusco, margine elevate aut inflexo, sat tenui,
saepe demum anguste thallino-dilatato, integro aut demum parce
thallino-lobato, excipulo laevigato, glabro, gonidia infra stratum
corticale continente, thallo concolore. Hypothecium pallidum.
Epithecium pallido-rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, polystichae, de-
colores aut demum pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus sat acutis, diu
1-septatae, demum 3-septatae, long. 0.05-0.06, crass. 0.008 mm.
Conidangia demum verrucas hemisphaericas formantia. Ram-
ificatione thalli et apotheciis similis est L. herbacea (Huds.),
at thallo subtus late nigricante rhizinisque concoloribus ab ea
differens. Sporis longioribus 3-septatisque et margine apothe-
ciorum saepe thallino-dilatato a L. intermedia (Nyl.) distin-
guitur.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8535
McGregor; mons Pulog, Merrill 6UU7 ; mons Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5^79 Ramos.
Ad truncos arborum.
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
131
5. L. PHILIPPINA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus subdichotome sat crebre iteratim laciniatus, apicibus
saepe subtruncatis aut rotundato-obtusis, axillis sat latis aut
angustis, rotundatis aut obtusis, adpressus, superne leviter scro-
biculato-inaequalis, paliido-fuscescenti- et olivaceo-pallido-varie-
gatus, leviter nitidus, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, intus albidus,
superne et intus nec KHO nec CaClaOa reagens, at his reagentiis
unitis intus rubescens, subtus pallidus aut medio demum nigri-
cans, subcontinue aut partim sparse tomentosus, tomento brevi,
c^ebro aut partim increbro, fuscescente aut nigricante aut am-
bitum versus pallido, margines et apices versus partim inaequal-
iterque denudatus, rhizinis longioribus crassioribusque passim
parceve instructus. Gonidia pleurococcacea. Apothecia sub-
marginalia et partim supra laminam thalli sparsa, 3-8 mm lata,
sessilia, sat 'applanata aut rarius primum cupuliformia, disco
rufo aut fusco, margine mediocri aut sat tenui, subintegro aut
raro subcrenulato, baud thallino-dilatato, excipulo glabro, laevi-
gato aut tessellato-verruculoso aut demum scrobiculato, gonidia
infra stratum corticale continente, thallo concolore. Hypothe-
cium pallidum. Epithecium rufescens. Sporae 8-nae, distichae,
pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus sat acutis aut rarius obtusis, diu
1-septatae, demum 3-septatae, long. 0.031-0.042, crass. 0.009-
0.011 mm. Conidangia thallo immersa. Tomento thalli simi-
\is est Lobariae Schaereri. L. intermedia (Nyl.) rhizinis major-
ibus, sporis 2-septatis et habitu L. herbaceae ab ea recedit. L.
americana Wain, lobis thalli rotundatis et rotundato-crenatis et
sporis acicularibus ab ea distinguitur. L. patinifera (Tayl.)
isidiis vel “gemmis marginalibus subrotundis, planis” thalli et
“thallo albido” ab his omnibus differt.
Mindanao, Dist. Davao, mens Apo, 1,900 m alt., Copeland 1149, 1088.
Ad truncos arborum.
6. L. STICTAEFORMIS (Schaer.) Wain.
Parmelia stictaeformis Schaer. in Moritzi Syst. Verzeichn. (1846) 128.
Sticta Schaereri Mont. & v. d. Bosch, Lich. Jav. (1856) 14.
Lobaria Schaereri Hue, Lich. Jav. (1901) 181 p. p.
Thallus irregulariter aut subdichotome crebre iteratim laci-
niatus lobatusque, apicibus saepe subtruncatis aut rotundato-
obtusis, axillis sat angustis, rotundatis aut obtusis et lateribus
conniventibus, adpressus, superne sat laevigatus, saepe late
canaliculatus, albido- aut pallido-glaucescens, KHO lutescens et
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The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
addito CaClgOa intus rubescens, subtus pallidus et centrum
versus et medio laciniarum nigricans aut fuscescens et ibi to-
mento brevi, crebro aut partim disperse, nigricante aut fusco
instructus, apices et saepe margines versus denudatus, rhizinis
longioribus parcis aut nullis, sorediis et isidiis destitutus, laciniis
3-15 mm latis. Apothecia marginalia aut submarginalia, 3-6
mm lata, elevata, subpedicellata, cupuliformia aut demum ap-
planata, disco rufo, margine sat tenui, subintegro aut rugoso,
baud thallino-dilatato, excipulo laevigato aut verruculoso, glabro,
thallo concolore, gonidia pleurococcacea usque ad marginem
continens. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium pallidum aut
rufescenti-pallidum. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, dilute pallidae,
fusiformes, apicibus sat acutis aut obtusis, 1-3-^eptatae, long.
0.025-0.042, crass. 0.009-0.010 mm. Conidangia submarginalia,
thallo immersa, baud prominentia, ostiolo nigro indicata.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, For. Bur. 15902 Bacani, F. Sanchez H. Min-
danao, Subprov. Butuan, vallis Agusan, For. Bur. 758h Hutchinson. Ad
truncos arborum.
7. L. FERAX Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus irregulariter aut subdichotome crebre iteratim laci-
niatus lobatusque, laciniis 2-40 mm latis, apicibus rotundato-cre-
natis aut subtruncatis rotundatisve aut obtusis, axillis angustis
aut sat angustis, rotundato-obtusis aut rotundatis et lateribus
conniventibus, adpressus, superne sat laevigatus aut leviter inae-
qualis, albido- aut pallido-glaucescens, KHO lutescens et addito
CaClaOa intus rubescens, subtus albido-pallescens aut pallidus aut
centrum versus partim fuscescens vel pallido-fuscescens, tomento
brevi, disperse, sordide pallescente aut nigricante et rhizinis
longioribus sparsis aut aggregatis, numerosis aut parcissimis
instructus, ambitum versus plus minusve late denudatus, sore-
diis et isidiis destitutus. Apothecia supra laminam thalli
sparsa, 2.5 mm lata, sessilia, applanata aut rare praesertimque
primum cupuliformia, disco rufo, margine sat tenui aut mediocri,
saepe crenulato aut verrucoso aut subintegro, baud thallino-di-
latato, excipulo vulgo verruculoso, glabro, thallo concolore.
Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium pallidum. Sporae 8-nae,
distichae, dilute fuscescentes vel pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus
acutis aut rarius obtusis, 1-3-septatae, long. 0.022-0.055, crass.
0.008-0.012 mm. Conidangia supra laminam thalli sparsa,
saepe leviter prominentia, ostiolo nigricante instructa. L. Schae-
reri auctorum hue pro parte pertinet, at L. ferax apotheciis
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
VIII, C, 2
133
centralibus, sessilibus et conidangiis centralibus ab L. stictae-
formi facile distinguitur.
Var. GENUINA Wain.
Thallus laciniis circ. 3-10 mm latis. Sporae 1-3-septatae,
long. 0.025-0.052, crass. 0.008-0.011 mm. Ramificatione thalli
similis L. stictaeformi.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8532,
8533, 8539, 8558, 8576, 8583, 8597 p. p. McGregor; mons Pulog, Bur. Sci.
8928, 8939, 89^8 McGregor, For^^ur. 16358 Curran, Merritt, & Zschokke;
mons Tonglon, Bur. Sci. 5U91 Ramos. Ad truncos arborum. "
Var. SUBSINUOSA Wain.
Thallus laciniis circ. 15-40 mm latis. Sporae 1-3-septatae,
long. 0.040-0.055, crass. 0.008-0.010 mm. Ramificatione thalli
subsimilis Stictae sinuosae Pers. et Lobariae platylobae (Nyl.),
quae posterior thallo subtus albido rhizinisque albidis (et sporis
1-septatis) ab ea differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8581 McGregor; mons
Pulog, Merrill 6^71; mons Tonglon, Merrill 7961. Mindoro, mons Halcon,
alt. 1,800 m, Merrill 5523. Ad truncos arborum.
Var. STENOPHYLLODES Wain.
Thallus laciniis circ. 2-5 (-10) mm latis, axillis latioribus.
Apothecia 1.5-2. 5 mm lata. Sporae pallidae, fusiformes, apic-
ibus obtusis aut acutis, diu 1-septatae, raro demum 3-septatae,
long. 0.022-0.040, crass. 0.010-0.012 mm. Lobariam Fendleri
(Mont.) in memoriam revocans.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Baguio, 1,450 m alt., Merrill ^9^1. Ad fru-
tices.
^ 8. L. SUBSCROBICULATA Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus irregulariter aut subdichotome sat crebre iteratim
laciniatus lobatusque, laciniis 7-25 mm latis, apicibus rotundato-
lobatis, axillis sat angustis, rotundato-obtusis aut rotundatis,
lateribus conniventibus, adpressus, superne subreticulato- et im-
presso-rugosus, albido-glaucescens, KHO bene lutescens, intus
non reagens, at addito CaChO, intus rubescens, subtus albido-
pallescens, tomento brevi, crebro aut partim disperso, sordide
pallescente et centrum versus cinereo-fuscescente instructus,
pustulis vulgo denudatis, ambitum versus late denudatus,
rhizinis longioribus parcissimis, sorediis et isidiis destitutus.
Conidangia supra laminam thalli sparsa, immersa aut raro ver-
ruculam formantia, ostiolo nigro aut fuscescente. Ricasolia
134
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
subdissecta f. scrobiculata Nyl. in Flora (1864) 618 secund.
specim. orig. tomento nigro, margine apotheciorum hand thallino-
dilatato et conidangiis thallo immersis instructa, etiam rami-
ficatione thalli et habitu huic specie! est similis, at colore tomenti
ab ea differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Bon toe, Vanoverbergh 39i. Ad truncum arboris.
9. L. DISCOLOR (Bor.) Wain.
Thallus dichotome sat crebre iteratim laciniatus, laciniis circ.
12-3 mm latis, apicibus vulgo subtruncatis aut obtusis aut rotun-
datis, axillis rotundatis, sat latis, lateribus conniventibus, ad-
pressus, supeme sat laevigatus, saepe leviter late canaliculatus,
pallide cinereo-glaucescens, KHO non reagens, at addito CaClaOj
intus rubescens, subtus pallescens, subglaber et tomento desti-
tutus, rhizinis nonnullis, subsimplicibus instructus, sorediis et
isidiis destitutus. Apothecia submarginalia et supra laminam
thalli sparsa, elevata, sessilia aut subsessilia, 2-3.5 mm lata,
primum cupuliformia, demum applanata, disco rufo, margine
sat tenui, integro, baud thallino-dilatato, demum saepe tessel-
lato-diffracto, excipulo glabro. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithe-
cium pallidum. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, pallidae, fusiformes,
apicibus acutis aut raro obtusis, 1-3-septatae, long. 0.022-0.036,
crass. 0.009-0.011 mm. Conidangia marginalia et supra lami-
nam thalli sparsa, hand aut raro leviter prominentia, ostiolo
nigricante instructa. Reactionibus thalli cum specimine orig-
inal! no. 33360 e Borbonia (in herb. Nyl.) congruens. Arn. Lich-
Exs. 1693 thallo superne KHO lutescente, subtus maculis nigri-
cantibus nigro-tomentosis instructo ab hac specie differt et nom-
inetur Lobaria Arnoldi Wain.
Luzon, Prov. Pampanga, mons Arayat, Merrill 38Jt2. Ad truncum
arboris.
10. L. ROBINSON 1 1 Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus irregulariter laciniatus lobatusque, laciniis 12-3 mm
latis, apicibus rotundato-crenatis, axillis angustis, lateribus
conniventibus, adpressus, superne laevigatus, albido-glaucescens,
superne et intus nec KHO nec CaChO^ reagens, subtus albido-
pallescens, subglaber et tomento destitutus, rhizinis parcis, sub-
simplicibus instructus, sorediis et isidiis destitutus. Apothecia
supra laminam thalli sparsa, adpressa aut sat elevata, sessilia,
2-3 mm lata, applanata aut primum cupuliformia, disco rufo,
margine sat tenui, subintegro aut verruculoso, baud thallino-
dilatato, excipulo sublaevigato, glabro. Hypothecium pallidum.
Epithecium lutescenti-pallidum. Hymenium circ. 0.13 mm eras-
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
135
sum. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus
acutis, diu 1-septatae, demum 3-septatae, long. 0.032-0.058, crass.
0.007-0.009 mm. Conidangia marginalia et supra laminam
thalli sparsa, bene prominentia, ostiolo nigricante instructa.
Ramificatione thalli Parmeliam tiliaceam in memoriam revocans.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, mons Banajao, Bur. Sci. 9866 Robinson. Ad trun-
cum arboris.
11. L. INTERVERSANS (Nyl.) Wain.
Thallus irregulariter laciniatus lobatusque, laciniis 15-2 mm
latis, apicibus rotundato-crenatis, axillis angustis, lateribus con-
niventibus, arete adpressiis, superne laevigatus, cinereo- aut pal-
lido-glaucescens, KHO non reagens, at addito CaCl202 intus ru-
bescens, subtus pallidus aut centrum versus demum fuscescens,
rhizinis 2-0.2 mm longis subsimplicibus aut apice demum ramo-
sis, pallidis aut fuscescentibus instructus, sorediis et isidiis des-
titutus. Apothecia supra laminam thalli sparsa, sessilia, 1.5-5
mm lata, applanata aut cupuliformia, disco fusco, margins tenui
aut sat tenui, integro aut crenulato, excipulo laevigato, glabro.
Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium pallidum. Sporae 8-nae,
pallidae, fusiformes, apicibus acutis aut rarius sat obtusis,
1-3-septatae, long. 0.034-0.064, crass. 0.006-0.010 mm. Coni-
dangia supra laminam thalli sparsa, prominentia, ostiolo nigri-
cante instructa. Cum specimine orig. hujus speciei, in insula
S. Thome in Guinea lecta, satis congruens.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 4.555 Meams: Prov. Cagayan,
For. Bur. 16801 Curran. Mindoro, mons Halcon, Merrill 6191 p. p.
12. L. MACGREGORII Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus irregulariter laciniatus lobatusque, laciniis 15-3 mm
latis, apicibus rotundato-crenatis, axillis angustis, lateribus con-
niventibus, adpressus et apicibus leviter adscendentibus, superne
laevigatus, glaber, pallidus aut partim glaucescenti-pallidus,
KHO non reagens, at addito CaCljO, intus rubescens, subtus
pallidus aut centrum versus demum fuscescens, tomento nigri-
cante, brevi, ramoso et rhizinis subsimplicibus aut squarroso-
tomentosis, nigricantibus, numerosis obsitus, ambitu anguste de-
nudatus, sorediis et isidiis destitutus. Apothecia supra laminam
thalli sparsa, sessilia, 2-6 mm lata, cupuliformia, disco pallido-
rufescente, margine tenui, subintegro aut leviter crenato, demum
anguste thallino-dilatato, excipulo laevigato aut leviter verrucu-
loso, glabro. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium pallidum.
Sporae 8-nae, pallidae aut rufescenti-pallidae, fusiformes, apici-
bus acutis, 1-3 septatae, long. 0.032-0.040, crass. 0.007-0.010 mm.
136
The Philippine Journal of Science
Conidangia supra laminam thalli sparsa, verrucas conoideo-
hemisphaericas formantia, apice mammillato, nigricante.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. circ. 2,100 m, Bur. Sci. 8597
McGregor. Ad truncum arboris.
13. L. INSULARIS Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus sat crebre iteratim dichotome laciniatus, laciniis circ.
11-3 mm latis, apicibus vulgo subtruncatis aut obtusis, axillis
rotundatis, sat latis, lateribus conniventibus, prostratus, superne
sat laevigatus, saepe leviter late canaliculatus, glaber, albido-
aut cinereo- aut pallido-glaucescens, KHO non reagens, at addito
CaClaOa intus rubescens, subtus pallidus et medium aut centrum
versus laciniarum nigricans aut fuscescens, medio laciniarum
aut partim subreticulatum tomento brevi, crebro, nigricante
aut raro partim pallido (in no. 1301) obductus et rhizinis elonga-
tis parcis interdum instructus, latere saepe glaber, ambitum ver-
sus interdum partim late denudatus, sorediis et isidiis destitutus.
Apothecia supra laminam thalli sparsa aut partim marginalia,
elevata, substipitata, cupuliformia aut applanata, 2-5 mm lata,
disco rufo, margine mediocri, integro, excipulo tessellato-ver-
ruculoso, glabro. Hypothecium pallidum. Epithecium palli-
dum. Sporae 8-nae, distichae, fusiformes, apicibus acutis aut
sat acutis, pallidae, 1-3-septatae, long. 0.022-0.042, crass. 0.009-
0.014 mm. Conidangia marginem versus thalli sparsa, thallo
immersa, ostiolo punctiformi, nigro indicata. Habitu subsimilis
L. marginatae (Muell.-Arg.) , at reactione thalli et tomento ni-
gricante et sporis crassioribus ab ea differens. L. Fendleri
(Mont.) tomento distinctius reticulato ab ea distinguitur.
Luzon, Subprov. Lepanto, For. Bur. 1602U Bacani: Prov. Bataan, mons
Mariveles, Copeland “N.” Mindanao, Dist. Lanao, Castra Keithley prope
lacum Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens 1301. Ad truncum arboris.
14. L. CLEMENSAE Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus sat irregulariter lobatus, lobis circ. 10-2 mm latis,
margine partim anguste lacinulatus, lacinulis partim isidioideis,
etiam lamina saepe partim isidiosa, adpressus, sat laevigatus,
saepe partim late canaliculatus, superne glaucescens aut partim
pallido-glaucescens, nec KHO nec CaChOa nec his reagentiis
unitis reagens, subtus pallidus et centrum versus fuscescens vel
nigricans, fere totus tomentosus, tomento brevi, crebro, fus-
cescente vel nigricante aut ambitum versus partim pallido,
zonam continuam formante, aut apices marginesque versus
plus minusve late denudatus, rhizinis subsimplicibus, elongatis,
parcis interdum instructus. L. subcorrosa (Nyl.) et L. ad-
VIII, C, 2
Wainio: Lichenes Insularum Philippinarum
137
scripta (Nyl.), thallo margine isidioideo lacinulato instruc-
tae, reactione thalli ab hac specie differunt. Diversa etiam
est planta, nomine Ricasoliae adscriptae a Nyl. salutata, ex Ja-
ponia, thallo crassiore, margine baud isidioideo-lacinulato,
dignota, quae nominetur L. adscripturiens, nam R. adscnpturiens
Nyl. ab ea non distinguenda est et “puncta alba pseudocyphel-
loidea,” a Nyl. in thallo ejus observata, secundum specimen orig.
in herb. Nyl. tantum rhizinae abruptae sunt.
Mindanao, Subprov. Butuan, 320 m alt., C. M. Weber 1385: Dist.
Lanao, Castra Keithley prope lacum Lanao, Mary Strong Clemens 1313,
1316. Ad truncum arboris. Ster.
15. L. ALBIDOGLAUCESCENS Wain. sp. nov.
Thallus irregulariter crebre laciniatus lobatusque, laciniis
10-2 mm latis, ambitu rotundato-crenatis, axillis angustis,
vulgo acutis, adpressus, superne sat laevigatus, glaber, albido-
vel cinereo-glaucescens, KHO lutescens, et addito CaClsOa intus
rubescens, subtus pallescens aut centrum versus demum fusces-
cens, rhizinis subsimplicibus, sat brevibus crebris partim obduc-
tus, ambitum versus sat anguste denudatus, isidiis et sorediis
destitutus. Apothecia supra laminam thalli sparsa, sessilia,
cupuliformia aut sat applanata, 1.5-4 mm lata, disco rufo aut
testaceo-rufescente, margine sat tenui, crenato aut rarius subin-
tegro, saepe subinflexo, interdum demum anguste thallino-dila-
tato, excipulo minutissime verruculoso, glabro. Hypothecium
pallidum. Epithecium rufescens aut pallido-rufescens. Sporae
8-nae, polystichae, aciculares, apicibus acutis aut sat acutis, de-
colores aut dilutissime pallidae, 3-septatae, long. 0.052-0.080,
crass. 0.004-0.006 mm. Conidangia supra laminam thalli
sparsa, verrucas hemisphaericas aut depresso-hemisphaericas
formantia, ostiolo fusco-nigro, punctiformi, interdum leviter
impresso. A L. crenulata conidangiis prominentibus, thallo
superne laevigato, margine apothecium minus thallino-dilatato,
sporis triseptatis distinguitur. Ricasolia sublaevis Nyl. thallo
subtus subnudo ab iis differt.
Luzon, Subprov. Benguet, Pauai, alt. 2,100 m. Bur. Sci. 8619, 8636
McGregor. Ad truncos arborum.
ERRATA TYPOGRAPHICA, PARS I (Philip. Joum. Sci. 4 (1909) Bot.).
Fol. 652 lin. 7 inf. pro: JJ. cinchonarum lege: *U. cinchonarum.
Fol. 653 lin. 8 inf. pro: U. ciliata lege: *U. ciliata.
Fol. 659 lin. 4 sup. pro: P. Clandelii lege: P. Claudelii.
Fol. 662 lin. 13 inf. pro: S. alpina lege: S. alpino.
Fol. 662 lin. 11 inf. pro: S. tomentosa lege: S. tomentoso.
[Vol. VIII, No. 1, including pages 1 to 64, was issued February 27, 1013.]
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THE PHILIPPINE
Journal of Science
C. Botany
VOL. VIII MAY, 1913 No. 3
NOTES ON SOME JAVAN FERNS
By Edwin Bingham Copeland
{From the College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines,
Los Banos, P. I.)
Three plates
Through the courtesy of Mr. William R. Maxon of the United
States National Herbarium and of the Curator of the Herbarium,
Mr. F. V. Coville, a large collection of ferns made in Java by
the Owen Bryant Expedition has been sent to me for determina-
tion. The collection was not made by botanists and naturally
was not selected with the same skill and judgment that would
have been possible on the part of men more familiar with these
plants. Nevertheless the number of new species in proportion
to the old is remarkably small for a collection in this part of the
world, and speaks well for the thoroughness with which the Island
of Java has been explored and its flora studied. An enumera-
tion of these species would be of no interest, and accordingly
only those which seem to be new or to suggest comments of real
interest are mentioned here.
MAR ATT I A Swartz
MARATTIA TERNATEA de Vriese.
Mount Salak above Goenoeng Boender, alt. 1,200 m. No. ^53.
Agrees satisfactorily with the description of Ternate specimens and with
Philippine plants determined as this species.
CYATHEA Smith
CYATHEA GLABRA (Bl.) Copel.
No. 531, from the northern slope of Mount Salak, alt. 725 m.
This is peculiar in having the sori, even those of the lowest vein, almost
costular; still I think the identification is correct.
116900 139
140
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
CYATHEA SUBDIMORPHA Copel. sp. nov. Plate II.
Descriptio arboris caret. Adest pinna una, 45 cm longa,
16 cm lata, acuminata, rhachi atropurpurea, nitida, inerme,
subtus glabrescente, supra velutina; pinnulis sterilibus usque
ad 95 mm longis, 20 mm latis, pedicellatis, acuminatis, basi
truncatis, deorsum pinnatis, rhachi subtus paleis angustis 1 mm
longis brunneis sat dense vestita; pinnulis 2-6 paribus liberis,
infimis non adnatis, 3-4 mm latis, ubique serrulatis, squamuli-
feris, venulis furcatis; pinnulis fertilibus usque ad 70 mm longis,
12-15 mm latis, magis pinnatis, pinnulis inWis brevi-stipitatis,
coriaceis ; soris costulae approximatis, confluentibus, exindu-
siatis.
Northwestern slopes of Mount Salak, alt. 900 m, No. 4-68.
Like other dimorphous species, such as C. atropurpurea, C. Hewittii and
C. biformis, this has the color and pubescence of the C. glabra group.
HYMENOPHYLLUM Smith
HYMENOPHYLLUM PRODUCTUM Kze.
This is apparently quite common in Java, and is given by van Alder-
werelt (Malayan Ferns, 69) as the Malayan form of his H. demissum
Sw. It is unknown in the Philippines, where, as noted by Hooker^ and
by Christ, “ a fern like the H. demissum of Polynesia and New Zealand
occurs; and Christ states that this is in Celebes also. I cannot distin-
guish the two by size, but do so easily by the more pointed and toothed
valves. The figures of Schkuhr and van den Bosch show the differences
well.
HYMENOPHYLLUM HOLOCHILUM (v. d. B.) C. Chr.
No. 513, collected on tree base, northwestern slopes of Mount Salak, alt.
1,400 m.
This can be determined as diminutive forms of this species, or as H.
blandum Racib. As is suggested by Raciborski, so it seems very probable
to me, that the two are not distinct.
DRYOPTERIS Adanson
DRYOPTERIS ADNATA (Bl.) v. A. v. R. Malayan Ferns 191, excl. descrip.
No. 962, Mount Pangeranggo, alt. 3,000 m.
This fern agrees perfectly with Blume’s diagnosis, but not with van
Alderwerelt’s amended description. The pinnae are rather obtuse and the
pinnules oblong.
DRYOPTERIS SARAWAKENSIS (Baker) Copel.
Nephrodium sarawakensis Baker in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 22 (1886)
225.
Aspidium intermedium BL, non Willd.
As Christ has shown, Christensen is wrong in confusing this with Nephro-
dium rhodolepis Clarke. Aspidium intermedium Bl. is widespread, and
" Sp. Fil. 1 : 109.
This Journal 2 (1907) Bot. 155.
VIII, c,
Copeland: Notes 07i some Javaii Feims
141
reasonably variable, but appearing in the same characteristic forms in the
whole Malayan region. D. sarawakensis is a form with exceptionally long
and narrow fronds and blackish paleae; it is recognizable, but I think best
not regarded as specifically distinct.
TECTARIA Cavanilles
TECTARIA GIGANTEA (Bl.) Copel.
Aspidium giganteum Blume, Enum. 159.
This belongs in the section “Cicutariae”,^ and is not nearly related to
Pleocnemia.
ATHYRIUM Roth
ATHYRIUM PETERSENII (Kze.) Copel. comb. nov.
Asplenium Petersenii Kze. Anal. (1837) 24.
Near A. japonicum (Thunb.) Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908)
Bot. 290.
ATHYRIUM PULCHERRIMUM Copel. sp. nov. Plate III.
Filix formosa A. nigripedi (Bl.) Moore affinis; stipite stra-
mineo, 30 cm alto, deorsum paleis lanceolatis productis pallide
brunneis usque ad 1 cm longis saepe deflexis sparsis vestito;
fronde 30-40 cm alta, ovata, acuminata, tripinnata, rhachi nuda,
pinnis infimis subdeflexis, sequentibus horizontalibus, usque ad
15 cm longis et 5 cm latis, plerisque imbricatis, brevipedicel-
latis, valde acuminatis, rhachibus viridi-castaneis ; pinnulis im-
bricatis, brevistipitatis, oblongis, obtusis ; pinnula prima acro-
scopica maxima, orbiculari-oblonga, acute dentata; costis supra
pilis sparsis donatis, lamina herbacea, glabra ; soris costularibus,
brevibus; indusio lato, saepe lacerate, brunneo.
Java, Mount Pangeranggo, alt. 2,950 m, No. 990, U. S. Nat. Herb. No.
652520.
The very uniform dissection of the ample frond gives this fern a strik-
ingly attractive appearance.
ATHYRIUM SUBSCABRUM Copel. sp. nov. Plate IV.
Forsan Diplazium gregis A. Blumei (Bergsm.) Copel. minus
dissectum; stipite 30 cm alto, valido, basi nigro, ubique sparse
spinuloso et minute pulverulento ; fronde ca. 50 cm alta,
triangulari-ovata, tripinnatifida, rhachi straminea sparse echi-
nulata; pinnis fere horizontalibus, subsessilibus, inferioribus 20
cm longis, 8 cm latis, oppositis, rhachibus subscabris, sursum
alatis ; pinnulis sessilibus, acutis, 15-20 mm latis, f ad costas pin-
natifidis, costis nudis; lobis 2-3 mm latis, oblique acutis, subin-
tegris, lamina coriacea, glabra, infra vix pallidiore, soris usque
* This Journal 3 (1908) Bot. 410.
142
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
ad 3 mm longis, linearibus, fere omnibus ad venulas infimas et
costae oblique positis, indusio tenue.
Java, Poentjak Pass, Megamendoeng Mountains, alt. ca. 1,480 m. No.
13Jt9, U. S. Nat. Herb. No. 652805.
The position of this species is uncertain; it seems most likely to be a
relative of Diplazium asperum Bl. The less dissected frond, with corre-
spondingly long sori, suggest an immature plant; but it is fruiting freely,
and juvenile specimens of the ferns of this group, as known to me, do not
grow through such a stage as this.
ATHYRIUM PARIENS Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 299.
Mount Salak, alt. 1,600 m. No. 631 in part. Already known from Min-
danao and Negros.
This is very possibly identical with ATHYRIUM FORBES 1 1 (Baker)
(Asplenium Forbesii Baker Ann. Bot. 5 (1891) 312).
ATHYRIUM SUBSERRATUM (Bl.) Milde.
The origin of this species with simple fronds on adult plants, from
ancestors with compound fronds, is attested by the occurrence of bipinna-
tifid fronds on juvenile specimens. I have previously pointed out that the
species with dissected fronds are the more primitive.'*
The collection contains two other apparently new Athyria, but as the
material is imperfect, they are not described.
PTERIS Linnaeus
PTERiS VENULOSA Bl. Enum. (1828) 209; Miq. Ann. Lugd. Bat. 1
(1868) 95.
Nos. 5U8, 682, lOU-
These and various other Javan specimens in Manila herbaria are very
uniform, and constantly thoroughly distinct from Pteris pellucida Presl, of
which our material is naturally ample. The differences ai‘e well given in
the brief original diagnoses. P. venulosa has the axes red and polished,
most of the leaflets decurrent-connected, leaflets broader, the sterile not
wavy, much less acuminate, and coarsely crenate-serrate instead of finely
and very sharply serrate toward the apex. Its veins are less conspicuous,
but the hydathodes more so.
POLYPODIUM Linnaeus
POLYPODIUM JAVAN ICUM Copel. sp. nov.
Eupolypodium, stipite breve, 1 mm crasso, paleis castaneis
lanceolatis vestito; stipitibus confertis exarticulatis, vix 1 cm
longis, albido-velutinis ; fronde pendente ca. 10 cm longa, 10-18
mm lata; obtusa, ad alam 1 mm latam pinnatifida; segmentis
oblongis, abrupte subacutis, ca. 4 mm latis, integris, plerumque
* This Journal 3 (1908) Bot. 287.
L^U
Copeland: Ja\
Ferns.]
[Phil. .Toup
I.. VIII. C, No. 3.
PLATE II. CYATHEA SUBDIMORPHA Copel.
[Phil. Journ. Sri.. VTII. C. No. 3.
PLATE III. ATHYRIUM PULCHERRIMUM Copel.
Copeland: .T;
VIII, C. No. 3.
PLATE IV. ATHYRIUM SUBSCABRUM Copel.
VIII, c, 3 Copeland: Notes on some Javan Ferns 143
imbricatis, crassis, minutissime pubescentibus ; venis occultis;
soris paullo immersis, submarginalibus, parvis, baud supra
conspicuis.
Near Tjibodas, alt. 1,350-1,850 m. No. 298.
A relative of Polypodium khasyanum Baker, P. barathrophyllum Baker,
and P. negrosense Copel., but easily distinguished from all by the close,
usually imbricate segments.
■ ,, ..W'l.v* ■/';',!«. . . til' '-I'' ,1*
.^;>hu
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES
(Photographs by Cortes)
Plate II. Cyathea subdimorpha Copel. Sheet No. 651911, U. S. National
Herbarium (type).
III. Athyrium pulcherrimum Copel. Sheet No. 652520 U. S. National
Herbarium (type).
IV. Athyrium subscabrum Copel. Sheet No. 652805 U. S. National
Herbarium (type).
145
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany
Vol. VIII, No. 3, May, 1913.
ON PHYLLITIS IN MALAYA AND THE SUPPOSED GENERA
DIPLORA AND TRIPHLEBIA
By Edwin Bingham Copeland
{From the College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines,
Los Banos, P. I.)
Three plates
The genus Diplora was founded by Baker, ^ with the following
diagnosis; “Genus Diplora. Sorus sausage-shaped, running up
the erecto-patent simple vein from the midrib of the frond to
its margin, the two equal narrowly strap-shaped valves of the
superior membranous indusium meeting in the middle over the
raised vein, and bursting open as the sorus matures.” “Amongst
familiar European types it is most like S colop endrium; but here
the sori reach uniformly from the midrib of the frond to its
margin, and the pair of involucres, instead of springing from
two contiguous veins and meeting in the interspace, spring from
two sides of a single vein, and quite hide it until they burst
open.”
A woodcut, conforming exactly to the description, accom-
panies the original description. In Hooker’s leones ^ are four
figures representing well the actual appearance; and two of
these are worked over in the Natiirlichen Pfianzenfamilien,
Fig. 122, A, B.
In examining a fern collected in Papua by the Reverend Cop-
land King, which had been determined for him in Sydney as
Phyllitis mamhare (Bailey) (See Fig. 1), I found a condition
which at first sight seemed to conform exactly to Baker’s de-
scription and the figures; but a somewhat more careful study
showed that the actual structure was entirely different, and
quite like that of several ferns of the same region regarded as
Triphlehia or Phyllitis. I showed these specimens, with the
figures of Diplora, to several careful botanists, and they all agreed
that the identity was complete ; so that it immediately suggested
itself that Baker had misinterpreted the structure of his Diplora.
^ Baker, J. G. A New Genus of Ferns of the Tribe Asplenieae. Joum.
Bot. 1 1 (1873) 235.
“ Hook. Ic. III. 7: pi. 1651.
147
148
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Examination of a fragment of the type, kindly loaned me by
the Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, showed that
this was what had actually happened.
In reality, the essential structure of these ferns is exactly that
of typical Phyllitis (Scolopendrium) . The sorus is double, the
sporangia springing from two veins, one on each side, separate
back to the costa. This origin of the sporangia is clearly shown
by a section across a sorus of the type specimen of Diplora in-
tegrifolia. These fertile veins are inconspicuous because the
indusium and sporangia spring from and obscure them, and the
sorus reaches down very nearly to the costa. In the European
Phyllitis S colop endrium, the sori are remote; but nobody would
attach great importance to this character, and in Japanese spec-
imens of the same species the sterile space at the base of the
veins is sometimes exceedingly short.
As to the vein supposed by Baker to bear the sorus, there
is a conspicuous raised line running down the middle of the
sorus, and midway between the two fertile veins, but it is like
the structures called spurious veins in some species of Davallia
and Angiopteris, in that it does not originate in the costa, but
at the lower end ends blindly in the tissue between the veins.
Contrary to first appearance, and to the diagnosis of Diplora, it
bears neither sporangia nor indusium. It is without vascular
tissue.
Diplora as a genus therefore rests on characters which do
not exist in nature, and the plants on which it was founded are
typical Phyllitis. The second supposed species, Diplora Cadieri
Christ, was promptly declared by its author ® to be nothing more
than a form of Stenochlaena.
The very closely related supposed genus, Triphlehia, is like-
wise invalid, resting on characters which are not diagnostic, as
I discovered some time ago,* working with perfectly authentic
specimens of the type species, though not with type specimens.
I have now ample material of the original collections of Cuming.
Triphlehia was described as distinguishable from Phyllitis by
the position of the sorus, the indusia being borne as in Phyllitis,
and by a raised crest where the halves of the indusium meet.
The sporangia are in reality borne on the veins at the sides
of the double sorus, as in Phyllitis. There is usually a raised
line where the half-indusia meet, and another, as in Diplora,
®Verh. Schweizer. Naturf. Ges. (1906), Reprint (1907) 6.
* This Journal 1 (1906) 152.
VIII, c.
Copeland: On Phyllitis in Malaya
149
under this on the surface of the frond; but neither of these
is perfectly constant. And the raised line on the surface of
the frond is found in typical Phyllitis as shown by Fig. 3. The
entire area between the fertile veins is usually elevated in Tri-
phlebia; but this would be a most inadequate generic character;
and it is not constant in any group, nor wanting in typical
Phyllitis. The chlorophyll is often relatively wanting in this
area, as it is under large indusia of many ferns in several tribes,
and the nether surface is usually concave in such cases.
At the lower end of the sorus of both Diplora and Triphlebia,
the line of attachment of the indusium leaves the vein, and this
contributes materially to the optical illusion as to the origin of
the sorus. But there is nothing remarkable about this. It
occurs in most or all of the related ferns, and in many of other
groups (Cfr. Athyrium, Davallia, etc.).
Coming now to the species of these ferns, I am convinced that
there has been no less of an unnecessary multiplication than
there has in the genera.
Malay-Polynesian species of the group have been described in
the following order :
Scolopendrium longi folium Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1 (1825) 48, t. 9, f- 1- From
Luzon.
Scolopendrimn Durvillei Bory, Dup. Voy. Bot. 1 (1828) 273. From Ualan.
Referred by Hooker, Smith, Christensen, etc., to Stenochlaena.
S. pinnatum J. Smith (1841) name only; Kze. Farnkr. 1 (1843) 124.
From the Philippines. Described from Camarines Sur; found from
central Luzon to Mindanao, and reported in van Alderwerelt’s
Malayan Ferns from Borneo, Celebes and New Guinea. This is
the type of Triphlebia.
Diplora integrifolia Baker in Journ. Bot. 11 (1873) 235. From the
Solomon Islands.
Asplenium scolopendropsis F. Mueller, Papuan Plants 3 (1876) 49 =
Phyllitis scolopendropsis v. A. v. R. in Bull. Dept. Agric. Ind. Neerl.
21 (1908) 6. From New Guinea.
Asplenium Lima Cesati in Rend. Ac. Napoli (1876) —Triphlebia Lima
Baker in Malesia 3 (1886) 42. From New Guinea.
Triphlebia dimorphophylla Baker in Malesia 3 (1886) 42, From New
Guinea.
Scolopendrium Mambare Bailey in Queensland Agric. Journ. (1898) =
Phyllitis Maynbare v. A. v. R. Malayan Ferns, 478. From New
Guinea.
Scolopendrium schizocarpum Copel. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl.
152=Phyllitis schizocarpa v. A. v. R. Malayan Ferns, 479. From
Mindanao.
Phyllitis intermedia v. A. v. R. in Bull. Dept. Agr. Ind. Neerl. 21 -(1908)
6. From New Guinea.
150
The Philippine Journal of Science
Of these species and supposed species, Diplora Cadieri is
known to me only by what Christ has published on it. Phyllitis
schizocarpa (Copel.) v. A. v. R. is very distinct from any other.
The remainder fall into two groups: one Philippine, whether
or not confined to these Islands; the other in New Guinea and
the islands of the southern Pacific.
The Philippine group contains one species, which must be
called Phyllitis longifolia (Presl) O. Ktze. Various writers
have expressed the suspicion that Presl’s Scolopendrium longi-
folium is only a form of S. pinnatum. In this they are correct,
but Presl’s name is the older. In several spots near my home
in Los Banos, the form with simple fronds is commoner than
that with pinnate; but a search always reveals some pinnate
ones, and in most localities, even in this neighborhood, pinnate
fronds are the rule. Elsewhere in the Islands, only pinnate
fronds have been collected. Haenke passed through this place,
and may well have collected this fern here. There is not the
least doubt that the local fern with simple leaves is the same
as Scolopendrium pinnatum. The figure in Reliquiae Haen-
keanae might as well represent a New Guinea plant, and spec-
imens from that region have often been referred to this species ;
I have several Papuan specimens so identified. Local specimens
are easily distinguished from any I have seen from New Guinea,
but by characters, such as texture and color of frond and indu-
sium, which are easily lost in an illustration. Ours is distinctly
a fleshy fern, growing on very moist soil and rocks near streams,
but never in my experience rising to places as dry as the trunks
of trees.
Of the New Guinea-Poly nesian group, I have in hand several
specimens called Scolopendrium longifolium, which would better
be determined as Phyllitis intermedia; fragments of Triphlebia
Linza and Phyllitis intermedia v. A. v. R., kindly sent me by
the author of the latter. Captain van Alderwerelt van Rosen-
berg; the type fragment of Diplora integrifolia already men-
tioned; and two good specimens, most diverse in appearance
{fig. 1, 2), sent me by the Reverend Copland King with the
note “Determined in Sydney as Scolopendrium Mambare Bailey.”
In spite of Mr. King’s opinion to the contrary — and I appreciate
the value of field knowledge and know that he knows his ferns
well — I believe both determinations are correct. But one of
these, the smaller, I could also determine as Triphlebia dimor-
phophylla; and Christ has already declared that this can be
distinguished in no way from Scolopendrium Durvillei.
VIII, C, 3
Copeland: On Phyllitis in Malaya
151
In some groups, slight differences are constant, and can well
be used to distinguish species. In other groups, very con-
spicuous differences are inconstant, and therefore without any
specific value. We are dealing with a group of the latter kind.
Polymorphism is one of the alleged and supposedly diagnostic
characters of some of the published species. Its failure to ap-
pear on a limited number of specimens supposed to represent
other species is very poor evidence that it does not occur. I
can collect specimens of Asplenium epiphyticum which will
exhibit it or not, as I choose; collecting myself, I would make it
evident, but some other collector, not knowing the fern, might
very easily bring in a considerable number of specimens without
any suggestion of it.
These ferns are not unstable in frond form alone. Even
the characters used in founding genera, so far as they exist at
all, are not invariable on single plants. The approximation
of the halves of the sorus, and the line between them are in-
constant. The latter character is under the infiuence of the
former, at least to some extent; if the halves are far apart,
they assume their character of independent sori, and the raised
line is likely not to appear. And the approximation of the
halves of the sorus is, at least to some extent, a function of
the conditions under which the individual frond developed or
plant grew. If the venation is lax, the half-sori are remote;
then the plant is a Phyllitis. If the venation is dense, as it
may be on the succeeding frond if the weather becomes less
favorable, the half-sori must be closer together, and the plant
may become Triphlebia or Diplora, according to the thorough-
ness with which it is examined. Figs. 5 and 6 look very distinct
from Figs. 2 and U, and it is possible that they really represent
distinct species; but the plant from which Fig. 6 was made
has another frond bearing sori almost as slender as those of
Fig. 2.
Altogether, from the specimens I have and from the plates
which have been published, and from my knowledge of related
polymorphous and variable ferns, the best j udgment I can reach
is that these specimens and plates represent a single variable
and polymorphous species; that Diplora integrifolia Baker, As-
plenium Lima Cesati, Triphlebia dimorphophylla Baker, Scolo-
pendrium Mambare Bailey, Phyllitis intermedia v. A. v. R., the
New Guinea ferns called Scolopendrium longifolium Presl, and
probably Asplenium scolopendropsis F. Mueller, all are more or
less perfect specimens, more or less adult in characters, — the
152
The Philippine Journal of Science
more juvenile being more likely to reveal di- or polymorphism, —
grown under conditions more or less favorable to luxuriant
vegetation; and that the proper name to be given to all of
these ferns is probably Phyllitis Durvillei (Bory) O. Ktze.
We can now take up the interesting question of the origin
and relationships of the genus Phyllitis, including all these forms.
Christ has already declared that a number of them (see p. 148)
are merely juvenile forms of Stenochlaena. On the same evi-
dence, he has treated my Asplenium epiphyticum in the same
way. I feel sure that in this he goes too far. I have studied
the Asplenium carefully in the field, and have found it always
to remain an Asplenium. Its polymorphism is a juvenile char-
acter. With age, instead of proceeding to form pinnate fronds,
as it should do if it were an immature Stenochlaena, it ceases
to produce them, and finally bears only simple and fertile fronds.
The evidence in the case of Phyllitis Durvillei is less complete,
but all points in the same direction. The plants, as they mature,
seem to grow away from polymorphism and partial sterility
to complete fertility, with only simple fronds with the sori of
Phyllitis.
While the similarity of life-history of Asplenium epiphyticum,
Phyllitis Durvillei, and Stenochlaena palustris is utterly in-
adequate as evidence of their identity, it is the strongest kind
of evidence they are closely related ferns. The three must
have a rather recent common ancestry ; and the Asplenium must
be regarded as the one which has most completely retained
the characters of this common ancestor. For, as between Phyl-
litis and Asplenium, the Asplenium has the simpler sorus, and
represents a larger and more wide spread group; and the an-
cestor must be supposed to have been a fern with compound
fronds, both on general grounds, such being the presumed com-
mon ancestry of all Polypodiaceae, and on the particular ground
that these ferns develop through such a stage. The Asplenium
has such relatives in its genus, while the Phyllitis has not.
Of the three ferns, the Stenochlaena has departed most widely
from the ancestral form, as is shown by the high degree of
specialization reached after the common part of the life-history
has been grown through.
Phyllitis Durvillei is accordingly to be regarded as descended
from ferns of the genus Asplenium, its ancestor in that genus
being A. epiphyticum or some very similar fern. And, this
being so, it is also to be regarded as the most primitive species
of Phyllitis.
VIII, C. 3
Copeland: On PhylUtis in Malaya
153
If Asplenium epiphyticum bears a fertile vein on the lower
side of the main vein, its sorus will face one in the normal
position, and produce a double sorus of the type of PhylUtis.
I have only once seen such a vein; the resulting fructification
is shown in Fig. 7.
Asplenium epiphyticum is not only very near the common
ancestor of PhylUtis and Stenochlaena, but it stands in the
same position in regard to the simple-leaved group in its own
genus, sometimes separated to form such genera as Neottopteris
and Thamnopteris. This was first suggested to me by certain
Bornean species, then new, which are intermediate in texture
and general appearance between Asplenium epiphyticum and
A. squamulatum and the A. Nidus group. Examination of the
spores disclosed a remarkable common character, in the extreme
spininess. This spininess is present in PhylUtis Durvillei, and
is merely suggested in Stenochlaena.
SUMMARY
The genus Diplora is invalid, because founded on a misconcep-
tion of the structure, the actual structure being that of PhylUtis.
The genus Triphlebia is invalid, because founded on inconstant
“characters,” and again in part on illusory ones.
PhylUtis, including the above, has only three well-defined
species in the Malay-Polynesian region :
P. SCHIZOCARPA (Copel.) v. A. v. R.
P. LONGI FOLIA (Presl) 0. Ktze.
P. DURVILLEI (Bory) O. Ktze.
The most primitive species of PhylUtis is P. Durvillei. It in
turn is descended from Asplenium, from A. epiphyticum or
some similar form.
Asplenium epiphyticum is an extant fern which very nearly
represents stages in the ancestry of the genus PhylUtis, the
genus Stenochlaena, and the Nidus group in Asplenium.
Note. — The connection of PhylUtis with Asplenium, and the
explanation of the phylogeny of PhylUtis, so completely that
the specific identity of the forms connecting them has been
questioned, does not demand that the genus PhylUtis be given up.
It is simply the realization, in one detail, of the general aim
of the study of systematic biology and bionomics. We would
still want to recognize genera and species, if the tree of life could
be reproduced in every detail.
" ,v ' :■ ' 'V, r
ILLUSTRATIONS
(Photographs by Cortes, all ten diameters)
Plate V
Fig. 1. Phyllitis Mambare (Bailey) v. A. v. R., King 287. An evidently
juvenile plant, but in full fruit.
2. P. Mambare, King 366. A much larger specimen.
Plate VI
Fig. 3. P. Scolopendrium (L.) Newm. From Tivoli, ex herb. Lino Vac-
cari. The mid-soral line is evident.
4. Triphlebia Linza (Cesati) Baker, Schlechter 11^103. The false
mid-soral vein is evident in some but not in all sori. The same
is true in Fig. 5.
Plate VII
Fig. 5. Phyllitis intermedia v. A. v. R., Versteeg lOH.
6. The so-called Triphlebia longifolia of New Guinea, King 191.
7. Asplenium epiphyticum Copel. Showing an abnormal, basiscopic
sorus, below which is a false vein, as in Phyllitis.
116900— -2
155
COPBI.AND: PHYLLITIS IN MALAYA.]
[Phil. Journ. Sci., VIII, C.
COi’ELAND: PH’
Malaya.]
[Phil. Journ. Sci., VIII, C.
Fig. 4. Triphlebia Lhi^a Baker.
PLATE
The Philippine Journal op Science, C. Botany
Vol. VIII, No. 3, May, 1913.
THREE NEW SPECIES OF MENISPERMACEAE
By L. Diels
{Marhurg, Germany)
PARABAENA Miers
PARABAENA ECHINOCARPA Diels sp. nov.
Rami glabri striati. Foliorum petiolus 10-15 cm longus basi
geniculato-curvatus ; lamina membranacea, glaberrima, cordata,
integra, apice acuminata, 8-25 cm longa, 11-12 cm lata; nervi
basales circ. 7-palmati, subtus cum lateralibus 1-2 utrinque
abeuntibus secundariisque subtus prominentes. Inflorescentiae
S e ramis foliatis ortae, pedunculatae, paniculatae, 9-12 cm
longae ; rami primarii patentes iterum ramulosi, ramuli bracteati
bracteis pedicelli dimidium subaequantibus, pedicelli bracteaeque
minute pilosuli. Sepala uninervia, ca. 2.5 mm longa, 3 exteriora
a basi angustata 1.8-2 mm lata, 3 interiora 1.3-1. 5 mm lata;
petala 6 obtriangulari-obovata vix 1 mm longa. Synandrium
breviter stipitatum 0.7 mm diamet., apice (stylorum rudimento)
appendiculatum. Drupae (siccae) 8-9 mm longae ; endocar-
pium extus densissime echinatum, condylus faciei ventralis
partem medianam occupans subconvexus, dentibus spiniformibus
meatum obvallantibus.
Camiguin de Mindanao, d' flor. et fruct. m. Mart, et Aprili, 1912, Bur.
Sci. H722 Ramos.
This new species is recognized by the leaves being totally glabrous,
entire, cordate, and the endocarp being even more bristly than in Parabaena
philippinensis.
TINOMISCIUM Miers
TINOMISCIUM MOLLE Diels sp. nov.
Rami (sicci) sulcati pubescentes. Foliorum petiolus 12-15
cm longus, et basi et apice geniculato-curvatus; lamina firme
chartacea, supra glabra laevis, subtus dense pubescens mollis, e
basi truncata vel emarginata subtriangulari-ovata, apice acute
acuminata, ca. 20 cm longa, 12 cm lata, nervi primarii basales
5 valid! subtus cum secundariis prominentes, praeterea laterales
2-3 utrinque a costa anteriore abeuntes eodem modo subtus
prominentes. Inflorescentiae $ ca. 20 cm longae, rhachis pedi-
cellique rufo-puberuli ; bracteae angustissimae 1-1.5 mm longae ;
157
158
The Philippine* J ournal of Science
1913
pedicelli strict! 5-6 mm longi ; sepala 3 exteriora ca. 1 mm longa,
6 interiora elliptica trinervia cymbiformia subglabra demum
stellato-expansa, 5.5-6 mm longa, 2-2.5 mm lata, 6 interiora a
marginibus involuta, glabra, 3 mm longa; stamina 6 lata petal-
oidea, 2.5-2.T mm longa, 1 mm lata.
Luzon, Prov. Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax, fioribus c? in m. Mart. Aprili, 1912,
Bur. Sci. 11359 McGregor.
Species nova a T. philippinensi Diels proxime affini foliis angnstioribus
basi emarginatis subtus densius pubescentibus mollibusque distinguitur.
TINOSPORA Miers
TINOSPORA HOMOSEPALA Diels sp. nov.
Scandens, rami glabri lenticellis pallidis praediti. Foliorum
petiolus 4 ad 6 cm longus, lamina papyracea glabra, e basi
emarginata vel cordata late ovata vel cordato-ovata, apice acu-
minata, 10 ad 12 cm longa, 9 ad 10 cm lata, nervi primarii
5-palmati subtus pallidiores, secundarii nervulique reticulati.
Inflorescentia s anguste racemosa, bracteae pedicello 3 ad 5 mm
longo breviores. Sepala 6, subaequalia, concava, subelliptica, 3
exteriora 3-5-nervia, 4.5 mm longa, 2.5 ad 3 mm lata, 3 interiora
sublatiora, plurinervia, 4 ad 4.5 mm longa, circiter 2.5 mm lata.
Petala 6, obovato-subrhombea margine anteriore inflexa, circiter
2.5 mm longa. Stamina 3 ad 3.5 mm longa, filamentum apice
subdilatatum, antherae longitudinales subobliquae. (Flores 9
atque fructus adhuc ignoti.)
Insulae Mariannae, Guam, ad viarum margines in fruticetis, flor. Oct.
1911, R. C. McGregor 536.
Species nova T. reticulatae philippinensi non dissimilis sepalis subae-
qualibus (exterioribus non brevioribus) ab ilia et plerisque speciebus
generis facile distinguitur.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany
Vol. VIII, No. 3, May, 1913.
ON ERAGROSTIS CILIANENSIS (ALL.) VIGNOLO LUTATI
By F. Tracy Hubbard
{Cambridge, Mass., U. S. A.)
The widely distributed grass, commonly known as Eragrostis
major Host and as E. megastachya Link, presents a complicated
case of synonymy, and a detailed study of the questions involved
shows that neither of the above names is valid in accordance
with the provisions of the International Code of Botanical
Nomenclature. Herewith is given a partial list of synonyms,
followed by a discussion of the questions involved.
ERAGROSTIS CILIANENSIS (All.) Vignolo Lutati in Malpighia 18 (1904)
386.
Briza eragrostis L. Sp. PI. (1753) 70.
Poa multiflora Forsk. FI. Aegypt.-Arab. (1775) 21.
Poa cilianensis All. FI. Pedem. 2 (1785) 246, t. 91, f. 2.
Poa eragrostis Cav. Ic. 1 (1791) 63, t. 92.
Briza oblonga Moench Meth. (1794) 185.
Poa megastachya Koel. Gram. (1802) 181.
Eragrostis major Host Gram. Austr. 4 (1809) 14, t. 2U.
Eragrostis megastachya Link Hort. Berol. 1 (1827) 187.
Taking the synonymy in order of date the oldest name is Briza
eragrostis L., which is invalid because of Poa eragrostis L, Sp.
PI. (1753) 68, which is the name-bringing synonym of Eragros-
tis (L.) Beauv. Agrost. (1812) 71 & text accompanying t. Ik, fig-
11, the species commonly heretofore known as E. minor Host
Gram. Austr. 4 (1809) 15.
Poa multifiora Forsk., the next synonym, is invalid because
there is already Eragrostis multifiora (Roxb.) Trin. in Mem.
Acad. St. Petersb. VI 1 (1830) 401, which is the oldest name of
a valid species.
Poa cilianensis All. is the oldest valid name of the species
known as Eragrostis major Host or E. megastachya (Koel.) Link.
There seems to be no doubt as to the identity of the plant which
Allioni describes. It was collected by Bellardi on his father's
estate of Ciliani in Piedmont and is a low-ground form of E.
major Host, if we can believe subsequent authors. The descrip-
tion is adequate and fair, the plate worthless. The definite
status of the species, however, has definitely been settled by
159
160
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Doctor F. Vignolo Lutati ^ who has examined specimens of Poa
cilianensis All. in the herbaria of Bellardi, Balbis, and Biroli,
all of them from the type locality and presumably received from
Allioni, whose herbarium, at his death, became the property of
Balbis. In summing up he says in heavy type “La Cilianensis
All. non e altro che una Eragrostis megastachya Lk. in uno
speciale stadio di sviluppo.” He makes the combination Era-
grostis cilianensis (All.) Lk., but the citation of Link as an
authority seems to be inaccurate as I cannot find that Link ever
made or hinted at such a combination. Consequently I believe
that the correct authority of the combination Eragrostis cilia-
nensis to be Vignolo Lutati and not Link. The name Eragros-
tis cilianensis does not occur in Index Kewensis or in any of
its supplements published to date.
Roemer & Schultes Syst. Veg. 2 (1817) 556 give Poa cilia-
nensis with a good description, but Schultes in the Mantissa 2
(1824) 308 under P. cilianensis gives the following: “Esse ean-
dem cum Megastachya Eragrosti, et delendam, Bertoloni in litt.”
Megastachya Eragrostis (L.) R. & S. Syst. Veg. 2 (1817) 584
(Beauvois did not make the combination) is a synonym of Era-
grostis major Host.
Poa cilianensis has been given as a synonym of Eragrostis
major Host or some of its numerous synonyms by the following
authors: Schultes Mant. 2 (1824) 325; Kunth Rev. Gram. 1
(1829) 133; Kunth Enum. PL 1 (1833) 333; Pari. FI. Ital. 1
(1848) 380; Richer PI. Eur. 1 (1890) 73; MacMillan Metasp.
Minn. Valley (1892) 75; Hook. f. FI. Brit. Ind. 7 (1896) 320.
Ascherson & Graebner (Syn. Mitteleur. FI. 2 (1900) 371) un-
der E. megastachya (Koel.) Link discuss the question of the
specific name and make a variety, E. megastachya var. /? cilia-
nensis, giving Poa cilianensis All. as the first synonym of it.
Their discussion leads to several rather startling deviations
from the point of view of the present code rules.
Translating in brief some of the principal points of their dis-
cussion we find that they accept the name E. megastachya (Koel.)
Link because E. eragrostis is applicable at will to either major or
minor and is used by them for what may be termed the holding
species. They refuse to take up multiflora because Ascherson
& Schweinfurth renounce it for similar reasons (i. e., it probably
is a complex species). Poa cilianensis is not the typical plant
and is a questionable form in its systematic value; consequently
^Sul valore sistematico della Poa Cilianensis All. (1785). Malpighia
18 (1904) 380-387.
VIII, C, 3
Hubbard: Eragrostis Cilianensis
161
they cannot make up their minds to use the name cilianensis.
They dispose of oblonga {Briza oblonga Moench) because, on
account of the insufficient description and the loss of Moench’s
herbarium, the identity of the same cannot definitely be settled.
This does not seem to me to be true, as Moench cites two things
which with his scanty, though applicable (as far as it goes) de-
scription, would fix the name to what has been known as Eragros-
tis major Host. These two things are his synonymy: Briza
eragrostis L. and the citation of Morison’s Plant. Hist, which
is unquestionably E. major Host.
While Ascherson and Graebner’s deductions may be good rea-
soning they certainly are not according to any code and certainly
do not dispose of either cilianensis or oblonga as older names
than major or megastachya. Even supposing that Poa cilianen-
sis All. were varietally distinct the name would still have to be
retained for the species, making the more common form a variety,
but judging from Ascherson and Graebner’s remarks I should
consider it a depauperate, damp-ground form of the species and
not a true variety. Their last remarks under the variety they
have just created are that this noticeable form can, however,
scarcely be considered a variety, since it occurs together with the
typical form on one plant. The status of Poa cilianensis All.
has, however, definitely been settled by Vignolo Lutati, cited
above, and there is no doubt whatever but that Eragrostis cilia-
nensis (All.) Vignolo Lutati is the oldest valid specific name for
the common and very widely distributed grass commonly known
as Eragrostis major Host, and as E. megastachya Link.
!
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany
Vol. VIII, No. 3, May, 1913.
CYRTANDRACEAE NOVAE PHILIPPINENSES, I
By F. Kranzlin
{Berlin, Germany)
The collections of Cyrtandraceous plants, made for the Bu-
reau of Science, for several years past have been communicated
from time to time to the Kgl. Botanisches Museum at Berlin,
and the entire collection has been submitted to me for deter-
mination.
The number of new species of Cyrtandra is remarkable. All
botanists who have worked on this interesting and difficult family
are aware of the fact that the geographic range of the great
majority of the species is very limited, and that even in the
same range of mountains each valley may have its own peculiar
forms or even species. The great number of species, their
origin, and their restricted ranges are puzzling facts and the
rapidly increasing number of known species in the genus is,
in respect to classification, somewhat disagreeable and trouble-
some. Will Cyrtandra become a great genus like Ficus or Den-
drobium? In 1883, C. B. Clarke admitted 167 species, and if we
cannot double this number to-day we are certainly not far from it.
As in Ficus and Dendrobium, so in Cyi'tandra, those species dis-
tinguishable only by slight characters greatly predominate over
those that are sharply defined. With the recent discovery of so
many species in the more accessible parts of the Malayan region,
what a boundless number of species we may expect from the
future botanical exploration of the interior of Borneo and of New
Guinea! For the present the “Conspectus generum” as estab-
lished by the late C. B. Clarke can and should be maintained, and
it is to be hoped that it will prove to be serviceable for a much
longer time in the future. The comparatively large number of
species proposed in this paper were rather easily arranged and
distributed according to the outline of classification constructed
by Mr. Clarke.
AESCHYNANTHUS Jack
AESCHYNANTHUS FOXWORTHYI KranzI. sp. nov. (§ Haplotrichium) .
Caulis 75 ad 100 cm longus, pars, quae adest, 46 cm longa, cortice
glaberrimo, brunneo, nidito tecta, internodia 5 ad 7 cm plerumque
163
164
The Philippine Journal of Scie^ice
6 cm longa, nodis leviter incrassatis. Folia satis longe ( 1,5 ad 2
cm) petiolata, ovata vel ovato-oblonga, brevi-acutata, lamina
omnino glabra, saepius leviter asymmetrica, ad 8 cm longa, 4
cm lata. Racemi brevissime pedunculati, quam folia breviores,
3- vel (rarius) 4-flori (flore quarto abort! vo) , pedicelli perbreves,
5 mm longi, compressiusculi vel alati ( !) incrassati. Calycis ad
ipsam basin fissi segmenta anguste lanceolata, 4.5 ad 5 mm longa,
vix 1 mm lata, sparsissime pilosa. Corolla vix ut plurimum in
dorso paulum curvata, si mavis infra medium paulum contracta,
labii superioris segmenta fere orbicularia, rotundata, labii in-
ferioris segmenta lateralia multo majora, intermedium etiam
majus, leviter complicatum, tota corolla extus sparse pilosa, excl.
orificio patente 3 cm longa, purpurea. Stamina corollam ae-
quantia, filamenta in tubo corollae convoluta, vix expansa tubum
bene excedentia. Stylus crassiusculus, superne attenuatus,
stigma globosum, antice prof unde excavatum; discus hypogynus
obtuse pentagonus, quinquesulcatus. Capsula mihi non visa.
Floret Martio.
Luzon, Prov. Tayabas, Quinatacutan, Bur. Sci. 13200 Foxworthy &
Ramos.
This species differs from Aeschynanthus philippinensis C. B. Clarke in
its longer leaves, which, including the petioles, are mostly 10 cm in length.
The flowers also are a little larger than are those of Clarke’s species;
the calyx is cleft to the base; the pubescence of the flower is more scanty;
and the pedicels are compressed and two-edged.
AESCHYNANTHUS CAM IGU I N ENSIS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Holocalyx).
Caulis certe longus, pars quae adest circ. 60 cm longa, glaber-
rimus, in nodis passim radicans, radicibus crassiusculis fasci-
culatis, internodia 4.5 ad 5.5 cm longa. Folia crebra petiolata,
oblongo- vel ovato-lanceolata, crassa, carnosa, glaberrima, petioli
crassi, in nervum medianum crassum product!, 1 cm longi;
laminae ad 6 cm longae, 1.5 ad 1.8 cm latae, apice obtusae.
Flores singuli vel bini, pedunculi subnulli, pedicelli 1 ad 1,2 cm
longi, longe pilosi ut etiam calyces. Calyx brevi-campanulatus,
in dentes 5 perbreves, triangulos divisus, 5 mm longus, dentibus
vix 1 mm. Corolla e basi angusta sensim ampliata, recta, extus
dense glanduloso-pilosa, orificio connivente subclauso, lobis 2
labii superioris brevibus rotundatis, margine fimbriatis; labio
inferiore a superiore satis sejuncto, lobis antice retusis, fimbria-
tis, tota corolla 1.8 cm longa, antice 4 mm diametro, sicca sordide
purpurea. FI. Martio, April!.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. H191 Ramos.
From the one flower examined there are no particularly characteristic
features to be observed in the interior of the corolla. It is one of the
VIII, C. 3
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
165
numerous species in the series of slightly differentiated forms allied to
Aeschynanthus volubilis Jack. A. Hoseana Kranzl. is perhaps the most
closely allied species, at least as to its general appearance.
AESCHYNANTHUS LOHERI Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Holocalyx).
Caulis pars, quae adest, 20 cm tantum longa, radicibus per-
paucis obsita, omnino glabra, internodia 1.5 cm ad 1.8 cm longa.
Folia brevi-petiolata, ut plurimum 3 mm petiolis brevissime
pilosis, laminae latissime oblongae, suborbiculares aut fere
orbiculares, brevi-acutatae vel obtusae vel imo rotundatae, 2 ad
3 cm longae, 2 ad 2.8 cm latae, superne et subtus glaberrimae,
crassiusculae, inflorescentiae biflorae, pedunculus brevis, vix 1
cm longus, bracteis 2 fere in cupulam connatis magnis latis
obsitus, pedicelli 1.3 cm longi, brevissime pilosi, superne dilatati.
Calyx amplus urceolaris, supra vix ampliatus, brevi-dentatus,
dentibus brevi-triangulis, glaberrimus, 2.5 cm longus, basi 1 cm,
in orificio 1.3 cm diam. Corolla levissime curvata, ampla, 5 cm
longa, minutissime pilosa et margine loborum ciliata, labium
superius parvum, lobis 2 parvis rotundatis, labium inferius a
superiore vix sejunctum, lobi laterales magni late oblongi,
rotundati, lobus intermedius deflexus, antice retusus. Stamina
corollam aequantia vel (longiora 2) illam excedentia. Discus
hypogynus brevis integer, stylus curvulus minute pilosus. FI.
Januario.
Luzon, Prov. Rizal, Montalban, Loher 6663.
Aeschynanthus Curtisii C. B. Clarke, of northern Borneo, is the only
species to which A. Loheri can be compared, but in the former the flowers
are much the larger, the calyx being 4.2 cm long and only 1 cm shorter
than the corolla, while in the latter the corolla is twice the length of
the calyx.
AESCHYNANTHUS LEUCOTHAMNOS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Haplotrichium) .
Caulis tenuis certe pendulus, radicibus multis tenuibus obsitus,
albidus (unde nomen!), nitidus, cortice fragili passim sparsis-
sime piloso vestitus, internodia 3 cm longa, pars quae adest 50
cm longa, ubique eadem crassitie. Folia pro planta parva, brevi-
petiolata, ovata, obtusa vel obtuse acutata, glabra, sicca livida
(fere ut caulis), maxima 3 cm longa, 2 cm lata, apicem versus
multo minora. Racemi 5- vel 6-flori, pedunculo brevi, floribus
conglomeratis. Calyx rectus, urceolaris, glaber, margine tantum
ciliatus, aeque 5-lobus, lobis late obtuseque triangulis, ad 4 cm
longus, in oriflcio 1.8 cm diametro. Corolla paulum supra basim
constricta, quam calyx multo angustior, levissime curvata, supra
dilatata, labium superius rectum, profunde bilobum, lobis rotun-
datis, labium inferius a superiore sinu amplo divisum, lobis
166
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
parvis rotundatis reflexis, tota corolla sparsim pilosa, 5 cm
longa, in orificio patens, 2 cm diam. Filamenta parcissime
pilosa, corollam paulum superantia, antherae per paria con-
glutinatae. Stylus compressiusculus pilosus, staminibus brevior,
stigma magnum; de colore nil relatum est, corolla purpurea
fuisse videtur. FI, Octobri.
Mindanao, Prov. Misamis, For. Bur. 19518 Klemme.
In general appearance this species much resembles Aeschynanthus
radicans Jack, but it is entirely glabrous, the dimensions are very different,
and the flowers are arranged in dense clusters. It is also very near
A. Lobbianus Hook, f., but this species has very pubescent leaves and
calyx, and in leaf-form is also quite different.
AESCHYNANTHUS SERPENS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Holocalyx).
Caulis volubilis longe inter muscos repens, exceptis inser-
tionibus petiolorum glaber, griseus, radicibus longis, tenuissimis
obsitus, internodia ± 3 cm longa. Folia brevi-petiolata, elliptica,
obtusa, crassiuscula, margine revoluto, glaberrima, petioli crassi
in nervum medianum producti, minute setosi, 4 mm longi, laminae
2.5 ad 4.5 cm longae, 1.5 ad 1.8 cm latae. Flores bini, brevi-
pedicellati. Calyx cylindraceus, superne retusus, dentibus 5 bre-
vissimis praeditus, 6 mm longus, 4 mm diam,, certe (purpu-
reo- ?) coloratus, pilis albidis pluriarticulatis, glandulosis vesti-
tus. Corolla cylindracea, dorso leviter curvata, lobi labii supe-
rioris vix vel parum divisi, laterales labii inferioris late ovato-
trianguli, intermedins deflexus oblongus, omnes obtusi, tota cor-
olla 3 cm longa, quo amplissima circ, 6 mm diam., sordide pur-
purea, extus satis dense pilosa. Stamina mihi non visa ab insec-
tis destructa. Stylus brevissimus, calycem vix excedens. FI.
Novembri.
Mindanao, Distr. Zamboanga, Sax River, Merrill 8260, creeping over
boulders on forested slopes, altitude about 100 m.
The only species with which this can be compared is Aeschynanthus
Beccarii C. B. Clarke, but in that species the corolla exceeds the calyx
only by one-half its length, while in A. serpens it is more than four times
as long. The only flower available for examination was injured by insects,
the stamens having been destroyed, but the corolla and style were intact.
AESCHYNANTHUS STENOCALYX Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Polytrichium ?)
Caulis pars, quae adest, strictissima, ad 50 cm longa, omnino
glabra, cortice griseo-albo, sicco ruguloso tecta, internodia 3 ad
6 cm longa. Folia brevi-petiolata, lanceolata, basi et apice
angustata, glaberrima, cum petiolo 5 mm longo, ut plurimum 6
cm longa, medio 1 ad 1.3 cm lata. Racemi biflori (semper ?),
basi bracteolis quibusdam inanibus vestiti, pedunculus subnullus,
pedicelli tenues, subcompressi, 1 cm longi. Calyx basi vix con-
VIII, C, 3
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
167
natus statim in segmenta 5 basi lanceolata, deinde linearia
divisus, segmenta 2.5 cm longa, vix 1 mm lata. Corolla tubulosa,
lobis 5 vix inter se diversis, rotundatis, margine fimbriatis, 2.5
cm longa, in orificio 6-7 mm diam. Staminum filamenta
corollam excedentia, valde torta, compressiuscula, omnino pilosa,
3 cm longa, adest in media corolla rudimentum minutum staminis
quinti. Stylus glanduloso-pilosus, corollam aequans vel sub-
excedens, ovarium lanceolatum compressum, annulus satis
magnus, leviter 5-partitus. De colore nil constat. Fructus
mihi non visi. FI. Decembri.
Luzon, Prov. Tayabas, For. Bur. 13087 Curran.
At first glance this species might be taken for Aeschynanthus Fraseriana
Kranzlin, or a small specimen of Aeschynanthus Motleyi C. B. Clarke,
although the latter is always a larger species. It differs from the first
in its longer pedicels but principally by its fiowers not being dimorphous.
While in A. Fraseriana two kinds of flowers are found, macrostyle and
brachystyle, we find in this species that all the flowers have the stamens
and styles of normal length and dimensions, as in the greater number of
species in the genus. The five characteristic cushions of hairs found in
A. Fraseriana, always well developed and alternating with the filaments
and staminode in the interior of the corolla, are wanting in A. stenocalyx
Kranzl.
DIDYMOCARPUS Wallich
DIDYMOCARPUS PALLIDA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Kompsoboea) .
Caulis brevissimus, circ. 1 cm longus. Folia congesta ad 6, e
basi cuneata oblonga obtusa, subfalcata vel subobliqua, margine
crenato-dentata, superne glauca, glabra, subtus pulchre reti-
culato-nervosa et secus nervos glanduloso-pilosa, pilis glutinosis
saepe particulis soli sordidis, magnitudine omnia diversa,
minimum 2.5 cm longum, 1.5 cm latum, maximum 13.5 cm
longum, 3.5 cm latum. Flores brevissime pedunculati. Calycis
in tertia inferiore integri lobi, basi trianguli in apicem longum
linearem angustati, extus pilis longis articulatis obsiti, totus
calyx 1.2 cm longus. Corolla (mihi in alabastro tantum nota)
extus pilis sericeis longissimis obsita, intus glabra. Stamina
brevia, antherae magnae. Stylus omnino glaber, ovarium fusi-
forme, annulus brevis, tamen manifestus. FI. Novembri.
Mindanao, Distr. Zamboanga, Sax River, Merrill 822U, in damp ravines,
altitude 800 m.
Among the species figured, Didymocarpus gracilipes C. B. Clarke gives
the best idea of D. pallida. The specimen was young, but fortunately
there were well developed buds, from which my diagnosis was taken.
Capsules were wanting and so I am unable to determine whether or not
the flower-stalks increase in length after fertilization as is the case in
Clarke’s species. The pubescence of the corolla is more copious than in
any other species of the genus known to me.
168 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
RHYNCHOGLOSSUM Blume
RHYNCHOGLOSSUM MERRILLIAE Kranzl. sp. nov.
Plantula vix 5 cm alta. Caulis perbrevis, foliis 2 vel 3 obsitus,
subcompressus, inter muscos absconditus. Folia petiolata more
generis valde asymmetrica, ovato-cordata, acuta, sicca atrata,
viva certe viridia, glaberrima ; singula vel in infimis addito foliolo
oblique opposite multo minore, maxima 4 cm longa, basi 2 cm
lata. Racemus secundiflorus, pauciflorus (3 vel 4), bracteae
nullae. Calycis basin usque fissi segmenta ovata, acuminata,
dorso non carinata, 5 mm longa. Corolla parum brevier quam
tota planta, deflexa, labium superius parvum, bilobum, lobulis
erectis, vix dimidium totius corollae aequans, labium inferius
multo majus antice obscure trilobum, lobis rotundatis. Stamina
2, filamenta brevia, convergentia, antherae contiguae, inter se
connatae (si tantum aliquantula dejungendae) . Tota corolla ad
3 cm longa, labium superius circ. 1.3 cm longum, labium inferius
antice ultra 1.5 cm latum. Flores intense coerulei. FI. No-
vembri.
Mindanao, Distr. Zamboanga, Sax River, Merrill 8187, on rocks in damp
shaded ravines, altitude about 1,000 m, flowers deep-blue.
A delicate little plant resembling a miniature Gloxinia. At first sight
I supposed I had to deal with a representative of the genus Chirita, a
genus not known from the Philippines, but examination proved that I had a
Rhynchoglossum before me. The lower lip of the extremely tender flower
was somewhat injured in drying, and perhaps with more ample material
its characters may need some rectification, but on the whole the diagnosis
will be found to be correct.
MONOPHYLLAEA R. Brown
MONOPHYLLAEA M ERRILLIANA Kranzl. sp. nov.
Radices copiosae tenues. Caulis 6 ad 8 cm altus, crassiusculus,
glaber vel sparsissime pilosus. Folium unicum sessile, basi sub-
amplexicaule, e basi retusa vel subcordata ovatum vel ovato-
oblongum, apice ?, margine integrum, superne sparsim setosum,
subtus ubique et praesertim basin versus dense pilosum, vel imo
villosum, ad 20 cm longum, 8 ad 10 cm basi latum. Racemi fasci-
culati (in uno specimine 7), subaequilongi, ad 8 cm longi, per
duas tertias floriferi, floribus in cincinnos paucifloros (ut plur-
imum 10-floros) dispositis, pedunculi et praesertim pedicelli
necnon calyces dense setoso-villosi. Calyces brevi-campanulati,
circ. medium usque fissi, dentibus triangulis, 4 mm longi. Corol-
lae mihi non visae. FI. Novembri.
'Mindanao, Distr. Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains, Merrill 8110, on
very damp cliffs in deep shaded ravines, altitude about 800 m.
VIII, C, 3
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
169
This species is very closely allied to Monophyllaea kirtella Miq., and
it is not without doubt that I propose it. Miquel’s species is known to
me only by his very poor description which was repeated by C. B. Clarke
in his monograph. The discrepancies, however, between Miquel’s descrip-
tion and our species seem to warrant the establishment of the present one,
the differential characters being especially in the inflorescence. Miquel
says “pedunculis pluribus longiusculis, apice brevissime ramulosis ramulis
subunilateralibus densifloris,” none of these characters agreeing with those
of M. Merrilliana. In both species the corollas are unknown. The leaves
of Merrill’s specimen are partly destroyed by moisture, but even when
reconstructed to their full size we have a length of only 20 cm and not
a “folium pede longius.” I take this occasion to recall to botanists living
in the Philippines a remark by the late C. B. Clarke who says in his
generic diagnosis of Monophyllaea “Herbae folio unico cotyledonae ?.’’
There is indeed a strange analogy in the whole growth between Mono-
phyllaea and the typical Strepto carpus.
MONOPHYLLAEA LONGIPES Kranzl. sp. nov.
Caulis 12 ad 34 cm altus, glaber, interdum protuberantiis cor-
ticis verrucosus. Folium sessile, cordatum, paulum inaequila-
terale, maximum, quod vidi, ad 30 cm longum, 20 cm latum vel
ultra (partim ab insectis destructum fuit) basin versus subdense
pilosum, apicem et circumferentiam versus glabrescens, subtus
omnino glabrum. Pedicelli 2 ad 7, setoso-pilosi, vidi 2 baud
plane evolutos ad 20 cm longos, floribus secundis, brevi-pedi-
cellatis plerumque 2, ebracteatis, 2-3 cm longis. Flores glabri,
3 mm longi, 2 mm diametro; pedicelli ancipites bialati. Calycis
basin usque fissi segmenta oblonga vel elliptica, 3,5 mm longa,
maxima 2 mm, minima 1.5 mm lata, omnia apice obtusa. Flores
coerulei esse dicuntur, corollae mihi non visae. FI. Januario.
Luzon, Prov. Cagayan, For. Bur. 13869, 19600 Curran, on rocks in damp
forests.
I first was of the opinion that I had to deal with Monophyllaea hirtella
Miq., but Miquel states that the inflorescence of his species has a “cymose”
ramification, while in all species of the genus known to me they are
scorpioid. In general the plant recalls somewhat Monophyllaea Lowii C.
B. Clarke and M. glauca C. B. Clarke, but the principal characters of
the present species agree with neither. A peculiar feature, and one not
previously recorded for the genus, is that the pedicels are ancipitous or
two-edged and that two of the five calyx-segments are only one-half as
broad as the other three.
DICHROTRICHUM Reinwardt
DICHROTRICHUM CRASSICAULE Kranzl. sp. nov.
Caulis pars, quae adest, curvata, adscendens, lignosa, grisea,
ad 30 cm longa, 1.5 ad 1.8 cm crassa, glaberrima, florifera, cete-
rum aphylla. Pars quaedam superior ad 15 cm longa, subtetra-
gona, cortice griseo, fragili, sparse setoso tecta, supra pallide
170 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
ferrugineo-villosa. Folia subaequalia vel omnino inaequalia,
plus minus asymmetrica, petiolata, lanceolata oblongave, mar-
gine simpliciter vel partim duplicato-dentata, superne strigosa,
subtus dense albido-luteo-villosa, omnia arrecta, petioli 5 ad 7 cm
longi, laminae 25 cm longae, 4.5 cm latae. Racemi e parte
inferiore (semper ?) aphylla caulis orientes, brevissime pedun-
culati vel sessiles; prophylla basilaria racemi obovata, obtuse
acutata, extus griseo-strigosa, intus scarlatina, 2.5 cm longa,
antice 1 cm lata, bracteae florum obsoletae. Flores ad 15 in
dichasium plus minus typicum dispositi, pedicelli florum 1.5
ad 2 cm longi, griseo-pilosi ut etiam calyces. Calyx fere
basin usque fissus, 7 ad 8 mm longus, segmenta obovata, apice
retusa. Corolla in dorso paulum curvata, antice in lobos 5 vix
diversos, quorum anticus deflexus, ceteri convergentes divisa,
extus dense strigosa, intus annulo pilorum satis longorum, basin
versus deflexorum munita, ceterum glabra, 2.2 cm longa, 7 mm
in orificio lata. Stamina longe exserta, filamenta 4 paulum
supra basin inserta, extra corollam vario modo torta, antherae
majorum biloculares, breviorum certe minores, uniloculares (?),
staminodium bene evolutum. Annulus ovarii brevis integer,
ovarium fusiforme pilosum, stylus brevi-pilosus, stigma maxi-
mum bilabiatum. Fructus mihi non visus. Flores virides esse
refert collector clariss. FI. Martio.
Luzon, Prov. Rizal, Matulid, Loher 6651.
This species somewhat resembles Cyrtandra radiciflora C. B. Clarke and
C. rhizantha Kranzl., but an examination of the flower shows four well
developed stamens, and that the plant has all the characters of Dichro-
trichum.
R
DICHOTRICHUM PRAELONGUM Kranzl. sp. nov.
Frutex, 3 ad 4 m altus. Caulis tetragonus, strigoso-villosus.
Folia valde inaequalia (folium minus tamen bene evolutum),
longe petiolata, lanceolata, acuta vel acuminata, serrato-dentata,
superne sparsim pilosa, subtus dense sericeo-pilosa, nervi prin-
cipals pro magnitudine foliorum 7 ad 10 utrinque, petioli 6 ad
12 cm longi, sulcati, in nervum medianum crassum producti,
dense villosi, laminae ad 27 cm longae, 6 cm latae ; folium minus
ejusdem paris tertia parte circiter minus. Racemi sessiles capi-
tati, inter foliorum paria orientes, pauciflori, densiflori, pro-
phyllis magnis, crassiusculis, extus et intus dense strigoso-
pilosis vestiti, prophylla extus rubro-viridia, intus sordide coc-
cinea, obovata, obtusa vel brevi-acutata, 2.5 ad 3 cm longa. Flo-
res in dichasium dispositi, extus densissime villosi. Pedicelli
VIII, c.
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
171
basi prophyllis 2 post anthesin grandescentibus et involucrum
formantibus praediti. Calycis segmenta fere basin usque libera,
cuneato-obovata, apice subretusa, obtusangula, 5 ad 6 mm longa,
densissime villosa. Corolla 1.5 cm longa, recta, antice aperta,
lobi omnes vix diversi, paulum tantum ringentes, anticus de-
flexus, tota corolla extus densissime villosa, rubro-viridis, intus
sparsim pilosa rubra. Stamina corollam duplo excedentia, 3
ad 3.5 cm longa, stylus sub anthesi corollam non excedens. Cap-
sulae 30 cm longae, 2-3 mm crassae, stigmate magno, bilabiato
coronatae, dense et molliter pilosae. FI. Februario.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Banajao, Merrill 7518, altitude 1,500 m.
In habit very similar to the preceding but the inflorescences are con-
tracted into dense heads and have shorter stalks; they arise in the leaf-
bearing part of the plant and not below the leaves. The flowers are
smaller and densely covered with hairs, while the fruit-stalks are always
longer than the flower-stalks. A singular feature of this shade-growing
plant is that all the parts are lengthened in a rather peculiar manner.
SLACK I A Griffith
SLACKIA ? PHILIPPINENSIS Kranzl. sp. nov.
Fruticulus. Caulis certe brevis. Folium (unicum tantum
adest) satis longe petiolatum, ovatum, acuminatum, superne hir-
sutum, subtus cum petiolo lana fulva densissima vestitum, in
petiolum in superiore parte late marginatum transiens, petiolus
circ. 10 cm longus, 1 cm latus, lamina circ. 30 cm longa, 17 cm
lata. Flores pone basin petioli (probabiliter in axilla hujus
folii) in glomerulum (ut videtur scorpioideum) aggregati, pedi-
celli subnulli, calyces extus et intus lana densissima obvelati,
basin usque fere partiti, circ. 8 ad 10 mm longi. Corolla mihi
non visa. Ovaria dense pilosa, stylus brevis densissime villosus,
annulus satis conspicuus 5-lobus. Fructus potius baccae quam
capsulae mihi visi. FI. Novembri.
Mindanao, Distr. Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains, Merrill 8295, in
forests, altitude about 900 m.
The only specimen of this plant available for examination, although
not in very good condition, showed a striking resemblance to the plate
of Slackia Griffithii C. B. Clarke. I have not seen a corolla, but in all
other characters it agrees with Slackia. The pubescence seems to be even
thicker than in S. Griffithii.
CYRTANDRA Forster
CYRTANDRA HYPOLEUCA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Stellatae) .
Frutex bi- vel trimetralis. Rami crassiusculi, cortice brun-
neo-griseo, omnino glabro tecti, exceptis partibus supremis no-
116900 3
172
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
vellis; internodia 3 ad 4 cm longa. Folia opposita, plus minus
dissimilia et asymmetrica, alterum saepius in rudimentum lineare,
mox deciduum reductum, petioli secus insertionem arachnoideo-
pilosi, 1.5 ad 2 cm longi, crassiusculi, laminae oblongae, antice
longe acuminatae in apicem longiusculum productae, 10 ad 14
cm longae, ad 4 cm latae, superne glaberrimae, pustulatae, sub-
tus omnino pallidae, secus nervos fusco-pilosae, margine integrae
vel (juniores) undulatae. Rudimenta foliorum linearia, albo-
(arachnoideo-) marginata. Inflorescentiae brevissimae, triflorae
(an semper?), bracteae satis magnae, ovatae, longe acuminatae,
longe pilosae, ultra 2 cm longae, 5 ad 6 mm latae, omnino liberae.
Calycis 1.8 cm longi segmenta basi connata, in apicem linearem,
fere teretem producta, extus et praesertim margine pilosa. Co-
rolla urceolaris, supra 5-loba (ab insectis in orificio et intus
injuriata), mihi non satis nota, lobis certe non magnis, luteo-
alba, ad 2.5 cm longa, extus et intus glabra. Staminodia et pars
superior styli mihi non visae ; annulus satis altus 5-sulcatus. FI.
Novembri.
Mindanao, Distr. Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains, Merrill 8107, al-
titude 1,300 m.
Although the flowers have been injured by insects, sufficient characters
are evident by which to distinguish the species from others in the
“Stellatae” group. It comes nearest to Cyrtandra hypochrysea Kranzl.,
but the lower surface of the leaves is pale-silvery and not golden in
color.
CYRTANDRA PALLIDI FOLIA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Brevicaules sect. nov.).
Caulis 6-7 cm altus, radix copiosa in flbros et fibrillos multos
dissoluta, internodia caulis brevia, cortex glaberrimus excepta
parte suprema apicali, ubi brevi-pilosus. Folia omnia in apicem
caulis congesta circ. 8 vel 9, omnia aequalia vel vix diversa, sessi-
lia, e basi baud multum angustiore dilatata lineari-oblonga vel an-
guste obovata acuta, crenato-dentata, superne et subtus sca-
briuscula, superne ceterum glabra, subtus secus nervos fulvo-
pilosa, nervis paulum incrassatis, folia maxima ad 18 cm longa,
3 ad 3.5 cm lata, superne pallida, subtus intensius colorata. Flo-
res ex axillis foliorum orientes 5 vel 6 in dichasium breve aggre-
gati, bracteae ovatae, acutae, non coalitae, persistentes, 1.2 cm
longae, pedicelli breves. Calyx angustus, lobi lineares dimidium
calycis aequantes. Corolla e basi perangusta vix 2 mm diametro,
sensim dilatata, typice infundibuliformis, tenera, pellucida, vero-
similiter alba, 4 cm longa, in oriflcio 1.5 cm diametro, glabra.
Stamina in dimidio inferiore corollae, antheris conglutinatis.
Stylus brevis, stigma late patens. FI. Martio.
Luzon, Prov. Tayabas, Tagcauayan, Bur. Sci. 13379 Ramos.
VIII, C. 3
K^'dnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
173
CYRTANDRA FLORU LENTA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dissimiles) .
Frutex multiramosus. Rami vetustiores grisei, novelli fulvo-
tomentosi. Folia inaequalia (minus cujusque paris multo minus
tamen bene evolutum), petiolata, oblongo-lanceolata, subito acu-
tata, pauci- et grosse dentata, basin versus cuneata, superne
glabra, opaca, subtus pallidiora, secus nervos fulvo-tomentosa,
cum petiolo 1 ad 1.5 cm longo 9 ad 11 longa, 2 ad 2.5 cm
lata, folia minora circ. 4 ad 5.5 cm longa, 1 ad 1.5 cm lata.
Flores satis crebri, fere ex axilla quaque partium vetustiorum
orientes, in dichasia triflora dispositi, pedunculi pedicellique bre-
ves, ipsi calycesque pilis longis fulvis vestiti, bracteae lineares
parvae villosae. Calyx satis profunde fissus, pars basilaris in-
fundibuliformis, segmenta lanceolata, in apicem longum pro-
tracta, totus calyx circ. 1.3 ad 1.5 cm longus, infra dimidium
fissus. Corolla infundibuliformis, supra in lobos 5 vix diversos
partita, extus longe villosa intus glabra, alba, ultra 3 cm longa, in
orificio 1.5 ad 1.8 cm diam., lobi obtusissime trianguli, subrotundi.
Ovarium et stylus longe pilosi. FI. Martio, Junio.
Luzon, Subprov. Bontoc, Bauco, Vanoverbergh 855.
An attractive little shrub, the profusely produced, large, white flowers
in pleasing contrast to the dark-green foliage. If one of my brother
botanists should unite this species with Cyrtanda incisa and regard it
as a mere variety of that species it would not be surprising. On first
examining the plant I determined it to be the above species, but a
critical examination and comparison of all characters with C. incisa shows
one discrepancy after another, none of them, however, of great taxonomic
value. I finally decided to consider the Bontoc species a distinct one,
although, I must confess, founded on rather slight differentiating char-
acters.
CYRTANDRA VERRUCOSISSI M A Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Decurrentes) .
Pars caulis, quae adest, 8 cm tantum longa, planta certe altior,
pilis multiarticulatis setosis lumine oblique argenti instar niten-
tibus vestitus, 3 ad 4 mm diam., satis firmus. Folia opposita,
aequalia vel vix diversa, lanceolata, minute dentata, basi et apice
acuminata, vix petiolata, superne verrucis numerosissimis con-
vexis ornata, subtus eodem numero cavernularum fenestrata,
nervi praesertim subtus valde incrassati, numerosi, superficies
subtus et superne pilis albidis nitentibus argentata, maxima mihi
visa ad 13 cm longa, ad 2 cm lata. Flores ut videtur semper
singuli (si mavis dichasium, flore terminali solum evoluto, late-
ralibus obsoletis), pedunculus 4 cm longus, longe setosus, brac-
teolae in superiore parte minutae, lanceolatae, pedicellus floris
unici brevis. Calyx medium usque fissus, segmenta linearia, 4
mm longa, setosa. Corolla recta, glabra, ad 3.5 cm longa, basi
174
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
vix 3 mm diam., pone orificium circ. 7 ad 8 mm lata, alba. De
magnitudine et indole loborum in specimine unico destructorum
nil pro certo dicere audeo.
Borneo, Sarawak, without exact locality, native collector 887. Col-
lected for the Bureau of Science through the Sarawak Museum.
Very near Cyrtandra fenestrata C. B. Clarke but readily distinguish-
able by its narrower and longer leaves; the pedicels are also longer than
in Clarke’s remarkable species. Mr. Clarke has taken his specific name
from characters of the lower surface of the leaves, while I have taken
mine from characters of the upper surface. Clarke’s “fenestrae” cor-
respond exactly to my “verrucae.”
CYRTANDRA VANOVERBERGH 1 1 Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Aureae) .
Caulis 2 ad 4 m altus, glaber, apice tantum foliatus. Folia
in petiolum brevem crassum angustata, oblonga, acuta, toto
margine distanter dentata, dentibus cartilagineo-incrassatis, su-
perne omnino glabra, subtus solummodo secus nervos pilosa,
maxima ad 40 cm longa, 14 cm lata, nervi principals utrinque
10 ad 13; folium oppositum multo minus, tamen non in petioli
rudimentum reductum. Prophylla racemorum latiora quam
longa, margine lobata, brunnea, satis tenera, pedicelli 5 mm longi,
bracteae florales non visae. Calycis 8 ad 9 mm longi lobi breves
trianguli, subulati, glabriusculi, in apicibus tantum fimbriati.
Corolla tubulosa, recta, supra brevi-lobulata, lobis vix inter se
diversis rotundatis, extus et excepto orificio intus setoso-pilosa,
1.5 cm longa. Stamina 2 filamentis crassiusculis, glabris, ori-
ficium corollae attingentibus, antherae magnae arete cohaerentes.
Stylus bene brevior quam stamina, pilosus, stigma crassum,
ovarium elongatum pilosum, annulus pro flore parvo satis
evolutus. Flores albi. FI. Augusto, Septembri.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 512.
A coarse plant, difficult to dry properly. I have made the best descrip-
tion possible from the dried material, and examination of fresh specimens
would doubtless indicate additional characteristic features. It shows a
close affinity to Cyrtandra arborescens Blume and C. populifolia Miq.
(the latter a very inappropriate specific name).
CYRTANDRA PACHYNEURA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Aureae).
Frutex 2 ad 3 m altus. Caulis ubi mihi visus, glaber, reticu-
lato-rugosus. Folia singula, nempe altero ad rudimentum minu-
tum reducto, petiolata, late oblonga, acuta basi paulum asymme-
trica, margine integra, superne glabra, subtus solummodo secus
nervos brunneo-pilosa, maximi mihi visi petiolus 4 cm longus,
lamina 22 ad 23 cm longa, 11 cm lata, nervi 10 utrinque, ipsi
et nervus medius subtus valde incrassati et prosilientes. Racemi
brevi-pedunculati, foliis involucralibus magnis, latissime ovatis.
VIII, c.
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
175
brevi-acutatis inclusi, dense pauciflori, bracteae florentes tenerri-
mae, pulchre venosae, oblongae vel subrhombeae, 1 cm longae,
4 mm latae, pedicelli florum brevissimi. Calyx satis amplus,
superne 5-dentatus, 7 mm longus, dentibus triangulis, acutis.
Corolla calycem paulum excedens, late campanulata, lobis 5 limbi
valde patentibus, extus et intus glabra, lobi rotundati, illi labii
inferioris majores, tota corolla 1.5 cm longa, 1 cm lata. Stamina
brevia crassiuscula, in fundo corollae seclusa, staminodia brevia
manifesta. Ovarium ovatum, supra attenuatum, glabrum, 5-sul-
catum, annulus magnus, altus, manifeste 5-dentatus, stylus bre-
vis, pilosus, stigma parvum, bilobum. Involucra florum viridi-
alba, corollae pallidae purpureae. FI. Maio.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Tonglon, Merrill 7800, altitude
about 1,800 m.
I am not satisfied with my diagnosis with regard to the characters
of the involucre and corolla, as it is difficult to separate the parts in dried
material, a remark that applies to the entire § Aureae. The species is
allied to Cyrtandra Antoniana Elm., and turns black in drying as does
that species.
CYRTANDRA LACUNAE Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Decurrentes) .
Fruticosa, 2 m alta. Rami quadranguli, sicci sulcati, omnino
glabri. Folia valde inaequalia, alterum semper magnum longe
petiolatum, alterum multo minus nunc rite evolutum, nunc in
petioli rudimentum reductum. Folia evoluta petiolata, lanceo-
lata, acuminata, basi paulum asymmetrica, in petiolos angustata,
a basi medium usque integra, deinde apicem usque remote et
minute denticulata, superne opaca glaberrima, subtus pallidiora
grisea, scabriuscula, in venis tantum fulvo-pilosa, maxima cum
petiolis 5 cm longis ad 30 cm longa, fere 5 cm lata, minora ad
12 cm longa, ad 3 cm lata, pedicelli illorum saepius fulvo-pilosi.
Flores in ramulis ultimi ordinis, in dichasia abortu florum late-
ralium 1-flora dispositi. Calyx in segmenta 5 longe lineari-
lanceolata, fulvo-pilosa, corollam fere semiaequantia divisus, fere
2 cm longus. Corolla infundibuliformis vel elongato-obconica,
obscure labiata, lobis 3 aequalibus minoribus, 2 majoribus, om-
nibus semiorbicularibus, tota corolla alba, extus dense longeque
pilosa, ad 3 cm longa, superne 1.8 cm diametro. FI. Februario.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Merrill 7^99, altitude
about 1,800 m.
Very closely allied to Cyrtandra gracilenta Kranzl., of northern Borneo,
but distinguished by its larger leaves and its single-flowered inflorescences,
while in C. gracilenta the leaves are rather small and the inflorescences are
always 3-flowered. In the Bornean species the leaves are all of the same
size or nearly so, while in C. lagunae they are very unequal in size.
176
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
CYRTANDRA TAGALEURIUM Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Macrosepalae) .
Frutex, pars quae adest, 30 cm longa, internodia 4 ad 5 cm
longa, pars apicalis tantum fulvo-pilosa. Folia opposita, inaequi-
magna, minus tamen cuj usque paris bene evolutum nec in rudi-
mentum reductum, petiolata, oblonga vel lanceolata, acuminata,
basin versus brevi-angustata, margine minute vel vix denticulata,
superne glabra, subtus secus nervos tantum rubro-pilosa, mar-
gine in dentibus vel interdum etiam pro dentibus penicillis
brevibus pilorum praedita, cum petiolo 2 ad 2.5 cm longo 15
ad 18 cm longa, circ. 4 ad 4.5 cm lata, folia minora subobliqua,
cum petiolo 1 cm longo 12 cm longa, fere 3 cm lata. Inflorescen-
tiae axillares, pedunculi subnulli, dichasia igitur in fasciculum
florum soluta, bracteae minutae lineares liberae, ipsae et pedicelli
tenues 1 ad 1.5 cm longi fusco-pilosi. Calyx basi campanu-
latus, patens, glaberrimus, segmenta triangula, acuta, cum parte
basilari 8 mm longa, ubi libera 2.5 mm lata. Corollae tubus
brevis mox in lobos 5 patulos, triangulos, acutos solutus, omnino
glabra, 1.2 cm longa, in orificio 1.5 cm diam. Stamina 2 fila-
mentis valde flexis, staminodia parum evoluta ; ovarium ovatum,
glaberrimum, stylus post anthesin elongatus, 6 ad 7 mm longus,
stigma usque glanduloso-pilosus, stigma satis crassum, annulus
in lobos 5 sat magnos divisus. Bacca in calyce persistens.
Flores albi ( ?) . FI. Martio.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. 1H62 Ramos.
I can only compare this species with Cyrtandra lysiosepala C. B. Clarke,
and C. triflora Gaudich., the latter of which it greatly resembles in habit
and gross characters. Both of the above species, however, have the
corollas pubescent externally, while in C. Tagaleurium they are entirely
glabrous. The name lysiosepala was given by A. Gray to a Cyrtandra
regarded by him as a variety of C. triflora, but afterwards raised by Clarke
to specific rank.
CYRTANDRA CURRAN 1 1 Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Polynesiae).
Frutex. Ramuli, qui adsunt, ad 20 cm longi, tortuosi, grisei,
in partibus vetustioribus glabri, in apicibus tantum foliati, inter-
nodia 5-7 mm longa; partes novellae fusco-ferrugineo-tomen-
tosae. Folia opposita, aequimagna vel vix diversa, petiolata,
lanceolata, basi et apice acuminata, superne glaberrima, subtus
secus nervos fulvo-pilosa, margine distanter brevi-dentata, ferru-
gineo-fimbriata, maxima cum petiolo 2 cm longo ad 15 cm longa,
medio 2.8 cm lata. Inflorescentiae quam folia bene breviores,
dichasiales, axillares, typice triflorae, flore terminali semper
evoluto, lateralibus mox obsoletis, mox evolutis, bracteae, pedun-
culi et pedicelli, et calyces extus fulvo-pilosi, bracteae ovato-
VIII, C, 3
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
177
lanceolatae, 6 ad 7 mm longae. Calyx pro flore magnus, amplus,
basi cyathiformis, per tres quartas in lacinias triangulas erecto-
patulas acuminatas divisus, fere 2.5 cm longus, intus glaber.
Corolla infundibuliformis, calycem versus sensim angustatus,
supra in lobos 5, quorum 2 multo majores divisa, lobis omnibus
rotundatis, sinu amplo inter lobos labii superioris, tota corolla
extus excepto limbo longe sericeo-pilosa, 3.5 ad 4 cm longa, in
orificio 1.8 cm diametro. Filamenta curvata, glabra, ovarium
fusiforme vel ovatum, pilis sericeis dense villosum, stylus pilis
glanduligeris stigma usque praeditus, stigma manifeste bilabia-
tum, annulus sericeo-pilosus, corolla alba vel albida. FI. Martio.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, For. Bur. 13189 Curran.
In the large group Polynesiae of C. B. Clarke there is only one species,
C. compressa C. B. Clarke from Savai, Samoan Islands, to which C. Cur-
ranii can be compared, and externally it has several points of resemblance.
Clarke’s species, however, has a small, nearly glabrous calyx and glabrous
ovaries and fruits.
CYRTANDRA RAMOSII Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Frutex ut videtur parvus, specimen, quod praestat, ad 30 cm
altum. Caulis glaber vel in partibus novellis apicem versus
sensim fulvo-pilosus, internodia varia longitudine, longissima
3 cm longa. Folia opposita, vix diversa, petiolata, oblonga vel
oblongo-lanceolata, acuta, margine dimidium usque pauci- de-
lude apicem versus argute dentata, superne pilis distantibus
obsita, subtus praesertim secus nervos rufo-pilosa, margine
densius et praesertim in dentibus penicillatim pilosa, maxima 9
ad 12 cm longa, 2 ad 3 cm lata. Flores terni, pedunculus 7 mm
longus, bracteae ovatae, acuminatae, 1.3 cm longae, basi 5 mm
latae; pedunculi, pedicelli, bracteae, et calyces extus longe fulvo-
pilosi. Calyx ample campanulatus, lobi trianguli, longe acumi-
nati, 1 cm longi (totus calyx circ. 1.7 ad 1.8 cm) . Corolla e basi
angusta tubiformis vel hippocrateriformis, orificio amplissimo,
subobliquo, extus densissime pilosa, 3 cm longa, basi circ. 3
mm, in orificio fere 2 cm ampla, lobis 2 majoribus, 3 minoribus.
Filamenta glabra, antherae arctissime connatae, staminodia bene
evoluta, antheris minutissimis instructa. Stylus dense glandu-
loso-pilosus, pilis divergentibus, stigma magnum, bilabiatum,
ovarium fusiforme, pilis erectis dense vestitum, annulus satis
magnus, leviter 5-lobus. Bacca latissime ovata vel ellipsoidea,
1 cm longa, 7 ad 8 mm diam. Flores albi. FI. Augusto.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 10976 Ramos.
Although in several respects this species resembles Cyrtandra tubi-
flora Kranzl. and C. oblongifolia Benth. & Hook, f., it is rather difficult
178
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
to determine its true alliances. In habit it is nearer to the former, a
Bornean species, but in floral characters it looks like Cyrtandra oblongi-
folia, a Philippine species.
CYRTANDRA ROSEO-ALBA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Cuneatae).
Rami quadranguli, setosi, partes novellae apicales dense fulvo-
villosae. Folia opposita aequalia vel parum diversa, satis longe
petiolata, oblonga vel lanceolata, acuta vel acuminata, superne
glaberrima, subtus scaberula, secus nervos fulvo-pilosa, margine
integra vel brevissime et valde distanter denticulata, maxima
mihi visa cum petiolo 4 cm longo ad 24 cm longa circ. 5 cm
lata. Racemi breves, sessiles, pauciflori, fere glomerati dicendi,
bracteae parvae, ovatae, obtuse acutatae, pedicelli 3 mm longae.
Calyx fere basin usque fissus, ima basi campanulatus, deinde
in lobos 5 basi late ovatos, acuminates, 1 cm longos, basi 5 mm
latos divisus. Corolla paulum curvata, e basi ampla contracta,
supra dilatata et in lobos 5 vix diversos, parvos, rotundatos di-
visa, 1.8 cm longa, basi et in orificio 5 mm diam. medio ad 2
mm contracta; corolla et calyx extus necnon pedicelli longe ful-
vo-pilosi, corolla alba et rosea verosimiliter versicolor. Stamina
brevia in dimidio superiore corollae affixa, antherae in ipso ori-
ficio. Ovarium ovatum glaberrimum sulcatum, discus vel an-
nulus sat magnus, 5-dentatus. Stylus media longitudine sparsim
setosus, stigma pro flore maximum, hians, bilabiatum. Baccae
in specimine meo nondum maturae. FI. Augusto.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, near San Antonio, in forests. Bur. Set.
10923 Ramos.
The most striking character of this species is its wide calyx, which
is cup-shaped at the base and incloses the rather small corolla.
CYRTANDRA NERVOSA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Aureae.)
Frutex 2 ad 3 m altus. Caules subtetragoni, grisei, plerumque
minute partibus novellis densius fulvo-pilosi, praesertim in axillis
foliorum et juxta insertionem petiolorum. Folia opposita vel
non, dissimilia, petiolata, oblonga, brevi-acutata, coriacea, su-
perne glabra, subtus valde nervosa, pallide et sparsissime in
lamina, fulvo- secus nervos pilosa, cum petiolis 1.5 ad 2 cm longis
15 ad 18 cm longa, medio 5 cm lata, nervi laterales utrinque 7
vel 8. Inflorescentiae axillares quam folia bene breviores (vix
i longitudinis aequantes), longe pedunculatae, pedunculi plus
minus flexi 3 ad 4 cm longi, fulvo-pilosi, bracteae in involucrum
breve 4- vel 5-lobatum coalitae, lobi trianguli, acuti, (totum
involucrum circ. 7 mm longum, 1 cm diam. Cyma pauciflora,
flores (5 vel 6) brevi-pedicellati. Calyx extus fulvo-villosus,
pilis apices segmentorum bene excedentibus, segmenta fere basin
VIII, C, 3
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
179
usque libera ovata, acuminata, apice linearia, 4 mm longa, pars
basilaris calycis 1 mm longa. Corollae tubus calycem vix duplo
excedens, supra paulum dilatatus, lobi labii superioris 2 minores
semiorbiculares, 3 labii inferioris oblongi, rotundati, tota corolla
1 cm vix longior, extus longe sericeo-pilosa, intus glabra, lobi
3 ad 4.5 mm longi et lati, diaphana, adeo ut stylus et stamina
conspicuantur, pallide purpurea. Staminum filamenta hippocre-
pum formantia, convergentia, ipsa et stylus vix dimidium corol-
lae aequantes. Ovarium ovatum, pilosum, annulus 5-lobatus.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains, Merrill 8126,
in forests, altitude about 800 m.
The plant has the general appearance and habit of species belonging
in the sections Dispares and Polynesiae of Clarke, but it is a genuine
Aurea. The peduncles are longer than in the majority of the species
and the Involucre is smaller. The specific name I have selected is not
especially appropriate, for many species have prominent veins, but in
this case the veins are rather decidedly thickened; moreover the number
of species in the genus is noAv so great that it is getting to be difficult
to select entirely appropriate names for the new forms.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany
Vol. VIII, No. 3, May, 1913.
ASCOMYCETES PHILIPPINENSES COLLECTI A CLAR. C. F.
BAKER
By H. Rehm
{Munich, Germany)
(A) PYRENOMYCETES
PERISPORIACEAE
MELIOLA STENOSPORA Winter (Cfr. Gaillard 86, t. XV, f. a).
Ad folia Iteae maesifoliae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Baiios, C. F. Baker 9U.
MELIOLA MICROSPORA Pat. & Gaill. (Cfr. Gaillard 75, t. XIII).
Ad folia Sidae javensis.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 117.
MELIOLA CYLINDROPHORA Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium inprimis epiphyllum, plagulas orbiculares 3-5 mm
lat., demum confluentes, atras, versus ambitum arachnoideas, in
centre saepe subcrustaceas formans, ex hyphis repentibus, centri-
fugis, rectis, longis, 5-7 y. lat., septatis, fuscis, interdum utrinque
rectangulariter ramosis contextum. Hyphopodia plurima, sub-
cylindracea, recta, semper opposita, 2-cellularia, cellula inferiore
minima, 12 y alt., 7 y lat., subfusca, hyphopodia mucronata multo
rariora, opposita, 15-18 y long., 7 y lat., fusca. Setae ad basim
perithecii rarissimae ibique curvatae, erectae, apice acutatae,
fusco-nigrae, ca. 200 y long., ad basim 8-10 y lat. Perithecia in
centre mycelii dispersa, sessilia, globosa, glabra, cellulis verrucose
prominentibus, pars hand pertusa, ca. 150 y. Asci elliptici
2-spori. Sporae oblongae, 4-septatae, utrinque obtusae, ad septa
subconstrictae, fuscae, 40 X 15 y.
Ad folia Iteae maesifoliae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker S9i.
Hochst auffallig durch die ausserst reiche Besetzung mit fast cylin-
drischen, immer gegenstandigen Hyphopodien. Dadurch gleicht die Art
der Meliola praetervisa Gaill., deren Hyphopodien aber zugespizt, deren
Sporen viel grosser sind.
MELIOLA QUADRIFURCATA Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium in maculis epiphyllis brunneolo-flavescentibus hand
definitis plagulas velutinas plus minusve orbiculares, vix con-
181
182
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
fluentes, 1.5-3 mm latas, atras, medio incrassatas, arachnoideo-
marginatas efformans. Hyphae mycelii centrifugae, plerumque
rectae, vix ramosae, fuscae, septatae, 6 crassae, hyphopodia
alternantia, capitata, 2-cellularia gerentes, ca. 20 ix alt., cellula
superiore subglobosa ca. 12 fx lata, hyphopodia mucronata baud
conspicua. Perithecia in centro mycelii aggregata, versus basim
verrucosula, atra, glabra, poro non pertusa, usque ad 250 /x diam.,
juxta basim setae plurimae erectae, nigro-fuscae, septatae, usque
ad 150 /X alt., 9 /x crassae, ad apicem in ramos 4, raro 2 vel 3,
erectos, plerumque recurvos, obtusos, baud denticulatos, 80-120
fx longos, 5 /X crassos, septatos, dilute fuscidulos furcatae. Asci
elliptici, 2-4-spori. Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotundatae, 4-
septatae, fuscae, 35-40 X 12-14 /x.
Ad folia Ipomeae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 407.
Eine trefflich ausgebildete Meliola, von den beschriebenen Arten durch
die Endteilung der Setae in 4 gleichmassig lange, hellere, an den Enden
ganz stumpfe Aeste sehr abiveichend. Selten sind es nur 2 Aeste, die
sofort liber der Bifurcation je vdeder in 2 Aeste teilen. Sie gehort in
die Verwandtschaft von M. furcata Gaill. und zunachst M. patens Syd.
in Elmer, Lead. Philipp. Bot. 5 : 1538, von der sie sich durch 4-astige Teilung
und ungezahnelte Spitzen unterscheidet.
HYPOCREACEAE
OPHIONECTRIA ERINACEA Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in maculis hypophyllis vix conspicuis latissime
flavidulis botryose 3-10 arete congregata, sessilia, globulosa,
100 p. lat., hyalina, parenchymatice contexta, setis plurimis,
rectis, subacutatis, non septatis, glabris, crasse tunicatis, medio
canaliculatis, 50-100 X 5-6 p, inprimis ad apicem obsessa. Asci
cylindraceo-clavati, apice rotundati, sessiles, crasse tunicati,
usque ad 100 X 12 p, 8-spori, Sporae subaciculares, utrinque
valde acutatae, subcurvatae, hyalinae, 10-12-cellulares, usque
ad 70 X 3 p parallele positae. Paraphyses filiformes ad apicem
ramosulae, hyalinae, 1.5 p crassae.
Ad folia viva Bambusae Blumeanae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 36.
Bewohnt fast ausschliesslich die Blatt-Unterflache, doch sind die gelb-
lichen Plecken auch auf der Oberseite bemerklich. Der Pilz ist herrlich
entwickelt und durch den reichen farblosen Borsten-Ansatz gekennzeichnet.
MEGALONECTRIA PSEUDOTRICHIA (Schw.) Speg.
Ad lignum decorticatum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker S3.
VIII, C, 3
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses
DOTHIDEACEAE
183
AUERSWALDIA MERRILLII P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 253.
In foliis Freycinetiae Williamsii.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 396.
Sporae modo hyalinae! Non rite ad Auerswaldiam pertinet, cfr. v.
Hohnel, Fragm. Myc. 9: 53.
APIOSPORA APIOSPORA (Duv. & Mtg.) v. Hohnel Fragm. Myc. 8: 58.
Apiospora luzonensis P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 256, sporis
paullulum longioribus.
Ad calamos emortuos Bambusae Blmneanae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 16 a (var. minor Sacc.
& Berh.) .
Stellung nach v. Hohnel, Fragm. Myc. 8: 59 richtig bei den Dothideaceae.
PHYLLACHORA ? DIOSCOREAE Schwein. Syn. Am. Bor. No. 1924; Sacc.
Syll. 2: 624.
Stroma epidermidi innatum, maculiforme, fibrillosum, tener-
rimum, fusco-nigrum, maculae suborbiculares, striaeformes vel
oblongae, 2-3 mm diam. Perithecia plus minusve dispersa,
lenticularia, convexo-prominentia, minutissime papiilulata, nigra,
0.15-0.2 mm lat. Asci fusiformes, sessiles, 50-60 X 15 p., 8-
spori. Sporae clavatae, 1-cellulares, hyalinae, 12-15 X 5-6 p,,
distichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Ad stipites emortuos Dioscoreae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker ^9.
Die Perithecien sind dem zarten Stroma eingesenkt, einzeln, selten
gehauft und gut entwickelt. Die bei Saccardo gegebene Beschreibung von
Schweinitz lasst sich recht gut auf den vorstehend beschriebenen Pilz
beziehen, wenn auch Angaben iiber die Fruchtschicht fehlen. Cooke er-
klart den Pilz von Schweinitz aber als Phoma mit 1-zelligen, elliptischen,
6-7 X 2.5 p, farblosen Sporen.
PHYLLACHORA INFECTORIA Cooke (Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 8: 1913).
Ad folia viva Ficus tilmifoliae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 1.
Stimmt im Allgemeinen gut zu der Beschreibung obiger Art, die aber
nicht ganz ausreichend gegeben ist. Die Stromata liegen gesellig auf der
Oberseite der Blatter in schwach gelblichen, zuletzt rotlichen, oft zusam-
menfliessenden Flecken, sind rundlich 0.2 mm breit. Schlauche cylin-
drisch, 60-80 X 8-10 p. Sporen 1-reihig, langlich-elliptisch, an den Enden
abgerundet, ohne Oeltropfen, 1-zellig, farblos, 8-10x4.55 p. Paraphysen
fadenformig. Phyllachora Ficium Niessl. ist durch Stromata und Sporen
sehr verschieden.
PHYLLACHORA ATROFIGURANS Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata epidermidi innata, nigra, plana, 0.3-1 mm diam.,
orbicularia, solitaria, dein in maculis ellipticis vel orbicularibus,
184
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
figuratis, usque ad 1 cm diam., longitudinaliter vel quadratim
confluentia. Perithecia innata, globulosa, stroma minutissime
papillulatum conoidea subelevantia, 0.12 mm diam. Asci fusi-
formes, sessiles, 35 X 10 ix, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae vel clava-
tae, 1-cellulares, hyalinae, 8-9 X 2.5-3 fi, 2-3-stichae.
Ad Donacem canniformem emortuum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 55.
Der Stengel wind durch den Pilz schdn schwarz marmorrot.
BALANSIA VORAX (B. & C.) (Cfr. Atkinson Journ. Myc. 2 (1895) 256.)
Ophiodothis vorax (B. & C.) Sacc. Syll. 2: 652, var. pilulaeformis
B. & C.
Ad folia viva Panici carinati.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 326.
Vollstanding gleich Rehm Ascom. 924, auf Panicum aus Brasilien. Cfr.
V. Hohnel Fragm. Myc. 12: 57.
SPHAERIACEAE
TRICHOSPHAERIA REGULINOIDES Sacc. Syll. 1: 454, var. ARENGAE
Rehm var. nov.
Perithecia gregaria, in maculis fusco-nigritulis oblongis, usque
ad 2 cm long, et lat., sessilia, globulosa, nigra, glabra, sicca apice
umbilicata, poro pertusa, parenchymatice fusee contexta, ca. 150
fx lat., ad basim hyphis ramosis, subfuscis, septatis, 3-4 fx lat.,
mycelium formantibus obsessa. Asci clavati, teneri, 50 X 7 p,
8-spori. Sporae cylindraceae, rectae, 1-cellulares, utrinque 1-
guttulatae, hyalinae, 5-8 X 2-2.5 p, superne 2- dein 1-stichae.
Paraphyses nullae.
Ad petioles emortuos Arengae.
Luzon, Prov Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 17 a.
Gehort zur Gruppe der unbehaarten, aber mit der Basis in einem
Mycel sitzenden Trichosphaerien und stimmt im Allgemeinen zu der von
Saccardo auf Holz in Borneo beschriebenen Art, die gleich grosse, aber
mehr keulige, gekriimmte Sporen besitzt. Trichosphaeria Sacchari Massee
(Sacc. Syll. 11: 294), kann auch nahe verwandt sein, hat aber nach der
ungeniigenden Beschreibung breitere Sporen. Unser Pilz diirfte als eigene
Art zu erachten sein.
SPHAERELLACEAE
GUIGNARDIA FREYCINETIAE Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in utraque foliorum pagina dispersa, subdimidiata,
convexula, nigra, minute papillulata, poro pertusa, glabra, exci-
pulo membranaceo pseudoprosenchymatice, baud centrifuge
contexto, fusco. Asci fusiformes, distincte stipitati, usque ad
70 X 9 ;u, 8-spori. Sporae bacillares, rectae, infera parte acuta-
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses
VIII, c,
185
tae, 1-cellulares, hyalinae, ca. 25 X 2,5-3 fi, in asci superiore
parte 3-4-stichae. Paraphyses filiformes, tenerae.
Ad folia emortua Freycinetiae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 58.
SPHAERULINA SM I LACI NCOLA Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in centre macularum orbicularium flavide-brunneo-
larum, hand distincte marginatarum, ca. 2 cm lat,, interdum
confluentium albido-cinerascente 0.5-1 cm lato, gregarie innata,
dein sessilia, globulosa, glabra, poro pertusa, fusca, parenchy-
matice contexta, ca. 120 ix lat. Asci rosulati, clavato-ventricosi,
sessiles, 40-50 X 10-12 fx, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae, rectae,
primitus media, dein 3-septatae, cellulis plerumque magni-gut-
tatis, baud constrictae, hyalinae, 20 X 4-5 ix, 2-3-stichae. Para-
physes nullae.
In pagina superiore foliorum vivorum Smilacis.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 91.
Macht den vollen Eindruck einer Mycosphaerella, unterscheidet sich davon
aber durch die 4-zelligen Sporen.
Sphaerella garganica Sacc. Syll.17: 644 an Smilax hat perithecia hypo-
phylla und viel kleinere 2-zellige Sporen, auch ist keine Fleckenbildung
angegeben. Sphaerella smilacicola (Schw.) Cooke (Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 1:
624) hat “macula rufo-fusca, nigro-marginata, sinuosa, impressa” und klei-
nere 2-zellige Sporen, welche aber in der Form, sowie die Schlauch-Grosse
unserer Art ahnlich sind, so dass diese vielleicht als die vollig entwickelte
Sphaeria smilacincola Schw. erachtet werden kann.
PLEOSPORACEAE
PHYSALOSPORA BAMBUSAE (Rabh.) Sacc. Syll. 1: 446.
Perithecia gregaria, longitudinaliter in striis usque ad 2 cm
longis, intus atris innata, peridermium protuberantia, demum
linealiter perforantia, globulosa, papillula minima prominente,
atra, ad basim hyphis, fuscidulis obtecta, 0.15 mm diam., paren-
chymatice contexta. Asci clavati, usque ad 70 X 15 p, 8-spori.
Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotundatae, 1-cellulares, hyalinae,
15-18 X 7-8 p, distichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Ad Bambusam Blumeanam emortuam.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 16 b.
Es ist zweifelhaft, ob der Pilz mit Sphaeria Bambusae Rabh. Hedwigia
(1878) 45 identisch, denn dieser sagt “peritheciis stromate confluente
passim erumpentibus, oblongis, ostiolo umbilicato, sporis (in ascis) 1-stichis,
9-11 X 5 in utraque pagina foliorum Bambusae.” Moglicherweise hat
Rabenhorst den unentwickelten Pilz beschrieben.
186
The Philippine Journal of Science
191*
DIDYMOSPHAERIA M I N UTELLOl DES Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia gregaria, cortici interiori late denigrate insidentia,
demum per epidermidem hand decolorotam prorumpentia glo-
bulosa, glabra, minutissime papillulata, nigro-fusca, parenchy-
matice crasse contexta, ca. 150 jj. lat. Asci clavati, apice rotun-
dati, teneri, 45-50 X 7 8-spori. Sporae clavatae, medio sep-
tatae et subconstrictae, cellula superiore latiore, inferiore angus-
tata, fuscae, 7-8 X 2.5 n, distichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Ad petioles emortuos Arengae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 17 h.
Reiht sich olfenbar eng an Didymosphaeria minutella Penz. & Sacc. Syll.
1 4 ; 555 an Bambusa in J ava, welche aber “sporae obovatae, non constrictae”
hat, wahrend bei unserer Art diese ganz keulig, unten fast spitz sind und
die Zellen sich leicht trennen.
MERRILLIOPELTIS H6HNELII Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in maculis 5-9 mm latis, plus minusve arete gregarie
innata, epidermide clypeiformiter denigrata, 0.4-0.5 mm-2 cm
diam., obtecta, demum denudata, globoso-lentiformia, substro-
matice posita, 0.25-0.3 mm diam., fusco-nigritula, ostiolo globu-
loso minimo prominente. Asci cylindracei, teneri, ca. 300 Xl2-
15 g, 8-spori. Sporae fusiformes, rectae, utrinque acutatae,
medio septatae, baud constrictae, utraque apice filiformiter 5 p.
long, appendiculatae, hyalinae, 50-75 X 6-7 g, distichae. Para-
physes filiformes perpaucae.
Ad petioles emortuos Arengae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 52.
Merrilliopeltis n. gen. ab P. Hennings in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 261
conditum et a cl. v. Hohnel, Ber. Kais. Ak. Wiss. Wien 121 in Fragm.
Myc. 13: 54 rectificatum ad Sphaeriaceas juxta Didymellam, non ad
Hysteriaceas relatum est. Ipsius auctoritate haec specimina hue ponuntur;
a M. Calami P. Henn. sporis utrinque appendiculatis nec non clypeola
denigrata epidermidis hand conspicue decidua differunt.
GNOMONIACEAE
CERATOSPHAERIA PHILIPPINARUM Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia gregarie innata, dein emergentia, globulosa, 100-
120 p lat., parenchymatice fusee contexta, hyphis dispersis fusci-
dulis inprimis ad basim obsessa, usque ad 80 X 5-10 p, in ros-
trum rectum, subcylindraceum, ad apicem acutatum et hyalinel-
lum, fusco-nigrum, 1-1.5 mm longum, ad basim usque ad 60 p
VIII, c, 3 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses 187
latum elongata. Asci fusiformes, sessiles, 60 X 15 y, 8-spori.
Sporae cylindraceo-clavatae, rectae, apice superiore rotundatae,
medio septatae et subconstrictae, demum 3-septatae, hyalinae,
25-32 X 5-7 y, 2-3-stichae. Paraphyses paucae, filiformes.
Ad vaginas Bambusae Blumeanae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 3.
MELANCONIDEAE
CRYPTOSPORA BAMBUSAE Speg. (Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 9: 940).
Ad fragmenta Bambusae Blumeanae emortuae in sylva.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 15 b.
Die Zusammengehorigkeit dieses Pilzes mit dem aus Brazilian beschrie-
benen ist nach der Beschreibung sicher. Doch unterscheidet sich obiger
als var. Bakeriana Rehm var. nov. durch 100—120 ^ grosse Perithecien,
spindelformige 80 X 12-14 u Schlauche und 65-70 X 4-4.5 4- (? zuletzt
8-) zellige, oben stumpfe, unten spitze Sporen. Paraphysen fehlen.
XYLARIACEAE
NUMMULARIA URCEOLATA Rehm sp. nov.
Stroma super corticem immutatum, modo versus lignum atra-
tum circiter 10 cm long., 4-5 cm late expansum, ad marginem
crassum obtusumque plus minus lobatum, atrum, glabrum, 1-2
mm crassum, usque ad marginem fructiferum, carbonaceum,
intus atrum. Perithecia cylindracea, arete juxtaposita, 0.5 mm
lata. Asci? cylindracei evanidi. Sporae fusiformes, utrinque
acutatae, rectae vel subcurvatae, fuscae, 1-cellulares, 12 X 4-5
y. Tota stromatis superficies multipliciter 0.2-0.25 mm diam.
urceolata, ibique papillulis hemisphaericis peritheciorum plane
obtectorum coronata.
Ad lignum putridum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 70.
Eine wunderschon entwickelte Nummularia, abweichend von alien beschrie-
benen Arten durch ihr dickes, festes, schwarzes ausgebreitetes Stroma,
dicht der Rinde angewachsen und oben iiberall bis in die wulstigen Rander
in kleinen runden Schiisselehen vertieft, in deren Mitte die rundliche
Papille hervortritt.
HYPOXYLON DISJUNCTUM Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia sessilia, rarissime solitaria, plerumque orbiculatim
usque ad 2 mm diam. 5-15 arete congregata, vix ad basim con-
juncta, conoidea, glabra, subfusca, nigre papillulata, baud an-
nulata, 0.3 mm diam. Asci cylindracei, p. sporif. 80 X 7 ;a, 8-
116900 4
188
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
spori. Sporae oblongae, utrinque obtusae, subcurvatae, 1-cellu-
lares, fuscae, 8 X 3.5 /x, 1-stichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Ad stipites emortuos Bambusae Blumeanae in sylvis.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 15a.
Gehort nach der Sporen zur Gruppe von Hypoxylon epiphloeum, H.
luridum, H. rutilum, gleicM aiisserlich dem H. ochraceum, ist aber durch
Form und Gruppirung der Perithecien von alien verschieden.
HYPOXYLON FULVO-OCHRACEUM Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia sessilia, primitus dispersa, dein orbiculatim 5-10
congregata, ad basim hyphis fuscis conjuncta, ceterum libera,
glabra, conoideo-globosa, fulvo-ochracea, atre papillulata, baud
annulata, 0.3 mm diam. Asci cylindracei usque ad 150 X 8 p.,
8-spori. Sporae ellipticae, subnaviculares, fuscae, 1-cellulares,
8-10 X 5 /X, 1-stichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Ad caules emortuos Bambusae Blumeanae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 50.
Aehnelt in Form und Lagerung des Perithecium dem Hypoxylon
disjunctum Rehm, ist aber durch deren Farbe und die grosseren Sporen
wesentlich verschieden.
XYLARIA BOTULIFORMIS Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata gregaria, cylindracea, apice obtuso breviter cylin-
drace mucronato sterili, recta vel subcurvata, 7-9 mm longa, 2-3
mm lata, atra, glabra, undique peritheciis arete juxtapositis,
hemiglobose prominentibus, poro perspicuo pertusis, breviter
papillulatis, ca. 0.2 mm diam. obsessa, rugoso-scabra, intus alba,
in stipitem subcylindraceum, longitrorse rugosum, 1.5 mm longe
elongata. Asci cylindracei, perlongi, p. sporif. 35 X 5 /r, 7- vel
8-spori. Sporae ellipsoideae, rectae vel subcurvatulae, 1-cellu-
lares, fuscae, 6-7 X 2.5 /x, 1-stichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Ad lignum putridum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 61.
Fine auffallig kleine, vortrefflich entivickelte Art, der Xylaria gracillima
P. Henn. (Sacc. Syll. 17: 691) sehr nahe verwandt, aber besonders durch
winzige Perithecien ganz davon verschieden.
XYLARIA DEALBATA B. & Br.
In ligno putrido.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 68.
Stimmt zur Beschreibung in Sacc. Syll. 1 : 323 trefflich, hat aber leider
weder Schlauche noch Sporen.
XYLARIA MYOSURUS Mont.
In ligno putrido.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 63.
VIII. c, 3 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses 189
XYLARIA ALLANTOIDEA Berk.
In ligno putrido.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 69.
Die richtige Bestimmung ist fraglich.
XYLARIA CORNIFORMIS Fr.
In ligno putrido.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 199.
XYLARIA EUGLOSSA Fr.
Ad lignum emortuum in sylva.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 11.
VALSACEAE
EUTYPA BAM BUSINA Penz. & Sacc.
Ad Bambusam Blumeanam.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 10.
Stromata nondum plane evoluta, ascis sporisque deficientibus.
EUTYPELLA GLIRICIDIAE Rehm sp. nov.
Stroma peridermio tectum, in cortice interiore effusum, ni-
grum, circa perithecia elevatum eaque ambiens. Perithecia in
acervulis convexulis valsoide aggregata, 8-12 orbiculatim mono-
sticha, globulosa, 0.3 mm diam., collis longis convergentibus
praedita, papillulis cylindraceis, integris, 0.5-1 mm longis fas-
ciculatim conjunctis per peridermium laciniatim fissum adhae-
rensque prorumpentia. Asci clavati, brevissime pedicellati,
25-30 X 5 jLi, 8-spori. Sporae allantoideae, dilute flavidulae,
5-6 X 1.5 fi. Paraphyses nullae.
Ad ramulum emortuum Gliricidiae sepium.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker U7, 80.
Der Ast ist ganz vom Stroma iiberzogen, die Perithecien-Lager grenzen
eng aneinander, im Alter ist dadurch die schwarze innere Rinde davon
ganz bedeckt. Durch die eng aneinander liegenden cylindrischen Papillen
und kaum gestielten Schlauche von den beschriebenen Arten abweichend
und nur der Eutypella collariata (C. & E.) Berlese Ic. 3: 76 nahe stehend.
EUTYPELLA AULACOSTOMA (Kze. & Fr.) Berlese Ic. 3: 65, tab. 78,
f. 2.
Ad lignum emortuum in sylva.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 37.
DIATRYPACEAE
DIATRYPE MEGALE Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata in cortice interiore late denigrate innata, dispersa,
peridermio laciniatim disrupto et adhaerente cincta, oblongo-
190
The Philippine Jom'nal of Science
1913
orbicularia, 0.5-1. 5 cm diam., 1 mm alta, margins sterili cincta,
crasse nigre obtecta, intus albidula. Perithecia monostiche
dense aggregata, globulosa, usque ad 0.5 mm diam., plurima,
collis brevibus instructa, ostiolis hemiglobosis, demum sulcatis,
poro perspicuis pertusis stroma superantibus. Asci fusiformes,
longe tenuiter pedicellati, p. sporif. ca. 25x5 ix, 8-spori. Sporae
allantoideae, dilute flavidulae, 6-7 X 2 ;u.. Paraphyses filiformes.
Ad ramum emortuum Gliricidiae sepium.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker i8.
Die Stromata sind dick schwarz berandet und bedeckt, schliessen sich
an Diatrype Macounii E. & E. (Berlese Ic. 3: 89, tab. 120, f. 2) zunachsten
und gehort der Pilz zu den Eudiatrypoideae Berk “stromate effuso, hinc
inde pustulatim disciformiter elevate, extus nigro, intus a matrice valde
heterogeneo, peritheciis eo immersis” 1. c. p. 85.
MICROTHYRIACEAE
MICROPELTIS ? SCHMIDTIANA Rostrup (Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 17: 670).
Perithecia in maculis decoloratis, orbicularibus, epiphyllis ca.
1 cm latis gregarie sessilia, dimidiata, convexula, minutissime
papillulata, poro pertusa, orbicularia, atra, glabra, 0.2 mm diam.,
pseudoprosenchymatice fusee, versus marginem baud radiatim
violacee contexta. Asci clavato-fusiformes, sessiles, 50-52 X 12
P, 8-spori. Sporae fusiformes, rectae, transverse 3-5-septatae,
baud constrictae, hyalinae, 15-18 X 3-5 p, 2-3-stichae. Paraphy-
ses nullae.
In pagina superiore folii Semecarpi cmieiformis.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Baiios, C. F. Baker 88.
Gehort nach dem Bau seines schildformigen Gehauses zu der Abteilung
von Micropeltis mit nicht am Rand faserig auslaufendem prosenchyma-
tischen Gehause und steht jedenfalls der M. Schmidtiana Rostrup ausserst
nahe, ebenso der Micropeltis Rheediae Rehm {Phylloporina Rheediae (Rehm)
V. Hohnel Fragm. Myc. 14: 9).
? TRICHOPELTIS REPTANS Speg.
Ad folia Ardisiae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 1.08.
Ganzlich unentwickelte Perithecien!
SEYNESIA CLAVISPORA Rehm sp. nov.
Maculae hypophyllae, primitus orbiculares, 4-8 mm diam.,
demum confluentes et late explanatae, nigrae ex hyphis centri-
fugis, rectis, septatis, vix ramosulis, 3-4 p lat., hyphopodia non
gerentibus, plus minusve dense contextae. Perithecia versus
centrum maculae dispersa, dimidata, poro pertusa, centrifuge ex
hyphis 4 p cr., parallelis, subfusce contexta, glabra, usque ad
200 p diam., radiatim in hyphas mycelii abeuntibus. Asci per-
multi, ovato-clavati, sessiles, apice crasse tunicati, 50-60 X
VIII, C, 3
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses
191
25-30 fi, 8-spori. Sporae elongato-clavatae, apice superiore 5 p.
cr., inferiore acutatae, medio septatae, non constrictae, hyalinae,
demum brunneae, 35-40 /x long., parallele positae. Asci strato
gelatinoso fuscidulo impositi obtectique. Hypothecium hyalinum.
Ad folia Alyxiae moniliferae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 398.
Eine herrlich ausgebildete Seynesia mit auffallend nadelformigen Sporen.
Ausserhalb der Schlauche keimend werden dieselben 4-zellig. (Cfr. v.
Hohnel Fragm. Myc. 10: 14.)
HYSTERIACEAE
LEMBOSIA POTHOIDEI Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium epiphyllum, effusum, arachnoideum, arete adna-
tum, ex hyphis fuscis, septatis, 5 y cr., ramosis, hyphopodia
pauca, subglobosa, 1-cellularia, 7-8 y cr. gerentibus formatum,
plagas nigritulas, usque ad 2 cm diam., orbiculares, centre demum
peritheciis creberrimis obsessas, ambitu vix conspicuas figurans.
Perithecia primitus dispersa, dein plus minusve arete congregata,
atra, carbonacea, glabra, rare orbicularia, plerumque elongata,
utrinque obtusa, recta 0.4-0.5 mm long., 0.3 mm lat., apice
longitudinaliter vel stellatim rimose dehiscentia, pseudoprosen-
chymatice centrifuge contexta, radiatim in mycelium basale
transeuntia. Asci ovoidei, crasse tunicati, ca. 80 X 40 y, 8-spori.
Sporae ovoideae, medio aut paullulum inferius septatae, sub-
constrictae, hyalinae, dein brunneae, 25-27 X 12 y. Paraphyses
nullae nisi stratum* intermedium hyalinum. Adsunt conidia
oblonga, recta vel subcurvata, 1-cellularia, fusca, 30 X 6-7 y, ut
in Lembosia Cassupae P. Henn.
Ad folia Pothoidei.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker U05.
Steht zunachst Lembosia decalvans Pat., unterscheidet sich aber voll-
standig durch Form und Anordnung der Peritchecien ? Richtiger wird
die Stellung bei den Microthyriaceae zu suchen sein.
TRYBLIDIACEAE
TRYBLIDIELLA RUFULA (Spreng.) Sacc.
Ad lig-num emortuum, et ad ramos emortuos Citri.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 32, 31.
(B) DISCOMYCETES
STICTIDEAE
STICTIS ? THELOTREMOIDES Phill.
Ad petiolos emortuos Coryphae elatae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 26.
Stimmt gut zur Beschreibung.
192
The Philippine Journal of Science
BULGARIACEAE
1913
OMBROPHILA SANGUINEA Rehm sp. nov.
Apothecia sparsa, sessilia, primitus cyathoidea, dein patel-
lariformiter usque ad 1 cm lat. explanata, breviter crasse cylin-
drace albidule 0.5 mm long., 0.3 mm lat. stipitata, glabra, rubro-
sanguinea, disco orbiculari crasse marginato piano, sicca sub-
complicata, excipulo crasso sanguinee prosenchymatice contexto,
gelatinoso. Asci clavati, apice rotundati, usque ad 130 X 10 /i,
8-spori. Sporae fusiformes utrinque acutatae, interdum sub-
curvatae, 1-cellulares, hyalinae, 20-24 X 3 distichae. Para-
physes filiformes 1.5 fi, ad apicem complicatae, guttulis aureis
repletae.
Ad lignum siccum in humo jacens.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 59, 200.
Steht im allgemeinen Bau der Ombrophila rubescenti-rosea Rehm (ex
Sacc. Syll. 16: 767) recht nahe, unterscheidet sich aber durch Sporen und
Paraphysen vollstandig. Mit letzterer ist vielleicht identisch Ombrophila
roseola Bres. (Sacc. Syll. 14: 802) ad terram limosam in Brasilia, hat
aber 5-6 mm long, 1.5-3 mm breit gestielte Apothecien.
ASCOBOLEAE
ASCOPHANUS TESTACEUS (Moug.) Phill.
Ad corium dejectum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 115.
HELOTIACEAE
PHIALEA CYATHOIDEA (Bull.) f. CILIATULA Rehm.
Hjrphae marginales excipuli distantes, filiformes, rectae,
obtusae, subfuscidulae, scabrae, usque ad 30 X 3 p. Sporae
fusiformes, utrinque acutatae, 12-15 X 1.5-2 p.
Ad petioles emortuos Cyatheae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 62.
Kann trotz des scheinbar behaarten Randes nicht von P. cyathoidea
getrennt werden.
EUPEZIZACEAE
HUMARIA RAIMUNDOI Rehm sp. nov.
Apothecia solitaria, juvenilia fere cyathoidea, mox disco pa-
telliformi, piano, crasse marginato, dein irregulariter explanato,
demum vario modo complicate et extenso, sanguineo-rubra, extus
glabra, subalbata, centre plus minusve late aifixa, camosa, 0.5-3
cm diam. Asci cylindracei, apice rotundata, usque ad 300 X 12
p, 8-spori. Sporae ellipsoideae, utrinque rotundatae, glabrae.
VIII, C, 3
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses
193
hyalinae, 1-cellulares, guttis 1 vel 2 magnis praeditae, 15-18
X 8-10 fi, 1-stichae. Paraphyses filiformes, 2 fx, ad apicem 3
IX cr., hyalinae.
Ad lignum decorticatum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimimdo, comm. C. F. Baker
286.
Die Apothecien liegen zuletzt ganz platt der Holzflache auf. Der Pilz
gehort in die Verwandtschaft von Peziza bella B. & C., P. flavoaurantiaca
Rehm, Humaria epitricha Berk, und besonders der Peziza inaequalis B.
& C. (Cfr. Cooke Mycogr. PI. 52, f. 20i), ist aber von diesen durch Mass
und Grosse der Sporen, Farbe und Grosse der Apothecien verschieden.
Die Paraphysen enthalten im frischen Zustand sicherlich rotes Oel.
LACHNEA ALBO-GRISEA Rehm sp. nov.
Apothecia gregaria, sessilia, primitus globoso-clausa, dein
urceolata, demum disco orbiculari crasse marginato, extus pilis
sparsis, rectis, fusiformiter utrinqiie acutatis, fuscis, 2-3-septatis,
120-150 X medio 12-15 p obsessa, 1-2 mm alt., 1-3 mm diam.,
cinereo-alba, carnosa. Asci cylindracei, apice rotundati, 150 X
12-14 p, 8-spori. Sporae subglobosae (in asco!) 1-cellulares,
baud guttatae, glabrae, hyalinae, 12 X 10 p, 1-stichae. Para-
physes filiformes, 2.5-3 p, ad apicem usque ad 10 p lat., hyalinae.
Ad humum ripae saxosae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Dr. E. B. Copeland, comm. C. F.
Baker 323.
Steht der Peziza (Sarcoscypha) cretea Cooke (Mycogr. 214, PI. 200, f.
362) ziemlich nahe. An den blassen Apothecien sind die Haare sehr schwer
erkennbar. Die Exemplare sind nicht vollig entwickelt.
PILOCRATERA HINDSII (Berk.) P. Henn. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 14: 363.
Trichopeziza sulcipes Berk. (Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 8: 161; Cooke Mycogr.
115, PI. 51, f. 200; Massee in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 31 : 507.
Ad ligna emortua in sylva.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 287.
Stimmt vortrefflich zur Beschreibung und Exs. Das Exemplar hat:
Cupula usque ad 5 cm diam., stipes cylindricus 5 cm long., 4 mm lat.
Discus ad marginem vix conspicue fimbriatus. Sporae ellipsoideae, utrinque
subobtusae, primitus episporio longitudinaliter tenuissime striato, dein
glabro, 1-cellulares, guttis oleosis magnis 2 praeditae, hyalinae, utraque
apice minutissime papillulatae, 25-27 x 10-12 p. [Pilocratera celebica P.
Henn. in Monsunia mir unbekannt.)
PILOCRATERA SULCIPES Berk. var. BECCARIANA Ces. (Cfr. Sacc.
Syll. 8: 162).
Ad ligna putrida in sylva.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 2, “sordid-yellow in color;”
ad lignum dejectum in sylva; C. F. Baker 8, “bright-red inside.”
Unterscheidet sich durch etwas gefurchte, 1.5-2 mm breite, 0.5-1 cm
lange Stiche, und ist aus Borneo bekannt.
1913
194 The Philippine Journal of Science
PILOCRATERA TRICHOLOMA (Mont.) P. Henn. 1. c. (Cfr. Cooke My-
cogr. 116, PL 51, f. 202; Ferd. & Winge Bot. Tidsk. 30: 218, /. 4..)
Ad ligna emortua in sylva.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 12.
Stimmt zu Cooke und Ferd. & Winge 1. c., nur finde ich keine aderigen
Rippen am Gehause: Cupula usque ad 2.5 cm diam., stipes cylindricus
2-3 cm long., 2 mm lat., excipulum pilis specificis rectis flavidulis dispersis
usque ad 3 mm longis ubique, inprimis ad marginem obsessum. Sporae
ellipsoideae, utrinque subacutatae, guttis oleosis magnis 2 praeditae,
hyalinae, 30-32 X 12 m. Patouillard (Ann. Myc. 4: 98) sagt: “sporae
ovoideae, baud guttatae,” und sah offenbar nur den unentwickelten Zustand.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany
Vol. VIII, No. 3, May, 1913.
DESCRIPTIONS OF SOME NEW PHILIPPINE FUNGI
By H. and P. Sydow
{Berlin, Germany)
PUCCINIA PAULLULA Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis epiphyllis, indeterminatis, flavis; soris teleutospori-
feris hypophyllis, irregulariter vel plus minus aequaliter den-
siusculeque distributis, subinde totam folii superficiem vel
magnam ejus partem obtegentibus, minutis, vix 0.33 mm diam.,
sed saepe confluentibus et tunc usque 1 mm diam., compactius-
culis, flavo-brunneis, tandem obscurioribus ; uredosporis immixtis
plerumque perfecte globosis, brunneis, modice obtuseque echi-
nulatis, 20-26 /x diam., episporio 1.5 y. crasso; teleutosporis ellip-
soideis, utrinque late rotundatis, medio valde constrictis, levibus,
flavo-brunneis, ad apicem non vel levissime incrassatis, septo
saepe oblique vel longitudinaliter posito, 20-24 y longis, 18-21 y
latis, episporio tenui, loculis facillime secedentibus ; pedicello
sporam aequante vel superante, hyalino, deciduo.
On the lower surface of living leaves of Amorphophallus sp.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 85, September 25,
1912.
The species is very well marked by the comparatively small teleutospores
and the very regular size and shape of both the uredospores and teleuto-
spores. The thin epispore is of equal thickness in those teleutospores
provided with an horizontal septum, but it is usually slightly thickened
at the apex in such spores as are obliquely or vertically septate.
MYCOSPHAERELLA ALOCASIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, orbicularibus vel suborbicularibus, 2-6
mm diam., zona fusco-purpurea limitatis, intus sordide albis;
peritheciis in centro macularum dense et numerose aggregatis,
globosis, atris, 60-80 y diam., poro ca. 18-25 y lato pertusis,
contextu fuligineo ; ascis fasciculatis, saccatis usque cylindraceis,
35-52 y longis, 10-16 y latis, octosporis, aparaphysatis ; sporidiis
distichis vel tristichis, cylindraceis, medio 1-septatis, non con-
strictis, utrinque obtusis, hyalinis, 16-18 y longis, 3-5 y latis.
On living or dying leaves of Alocasia indica Linn.
Luzon, Manila, P. W. Graff, December, 1911, distributed in Fungi exotici
exsiccati no. SO.
195
196
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
GLOEOSPORIUM GRAFFII Syd. sp. nov.
Acervulis amphigenis, maculis magnis indeterminatis effusis
confluentibus tandem magnam folii partem vel folium totum
occupantibus albis distinctissimis insidentibus, in greges rotun-
datos ca. 1 cm latos primitus dispositis, tandem plus minus
irregulariter distributis, erumpentibus, succineis, tandem atris,
70-130 IX diam. ; basidiis dense stipatis, 10-15 fi longis; conidiis
cylindraceis, saepe irregularibus, continuis, hyalinis, utrinque
obtusis, 11-16 IX longis, 3.5-6 ix latis.
On living leaves of Derris sp. (aff. D. ellipticae Benth.).
Mindoro, San Jose, P. W. Graff, January, 1912, distributed in Fungi
exotici exsiccati no. k5.
CERCOSPORA PUMILA Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, distinctissimis, orbicularibus vel irregu-
laribus, 3-10 mm latis, subinde confluendo majoribus, linea fusco-
purpurea elevata cinctis, rufo-fuscidulis, in hypophyllo pallidiori-
bus; caespituiis epiphyllis, in macula densiuscule aequaliterque
distributis, perexiguis, 40-55 p diam., subatris; hyphis brevibus,
simplicibus, continuis, raro 1-septatis, olivaceo-brunneolis, 15-25
!x longis, 3-4 !x crassis ; conidiis filif ormi-clavatis, sursum tenuatis,
2-8-septatis, subhyalinis, 30-88 p longis, 1.5-2.5 p latis.
On living leaves of Derris sp. (aff. D. ellipticae Benth.).
Mindoro, San Jose, P. W. Graff, January, 1912, distributed in Fungi
exotici exsiccati no. i7.
HETEROSPORIUM CORYPHAE Syd. sp. nov.
Caespituiis amphigenis, effusis, folia ex toto occupantibus,
obscure olivaceo-fuscis, tenuibus; hyphis flexuosis, simplicibus,
usque 400 p longis, 6-8 p latis, remote septatis ; conidiis acrogenis,
primitus minutis 1-cellularibus, dein majoribus 1-septatis, tan-
dem 2-3-septatis, non constrictis, olivaceo-fuscis minutissime
denseque verruculosis vel potius tantum punctatis, maturis 15-27
p longis, 8-11 p latis, immaturis multo minoribus.
On leaves of Corypha data Roxb.
Mindoro, San Jose, P. W. Graff, January, 1912, distributed in Fungi
exotici exsiccati no. U8.
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CONTENTS
Pag*
COPELAND, EDWIN BINGHAM. Notes on Some Javan Ferns.. 139
COPELAND, EDWIN BINGHAM. On Phyllitis in Malaya and
the Supposed Genera Diplora and Triphlebia 147
DIELS, L. Three New Species ol Menispermaceae 157
HUBBARD, F. TRACY. On Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vig-
nolo Lutati , 159
KRXNZLIN, F. Cyrtandraceae Novae Philippinenses, 1 163
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Baker: :.. 181
SYDOW, H. and P. Descriptions of Some New Philippine Fungi.. 195
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THE PHILIPPINE
JOURNAL OP SCIENCE
ALVIN J. COX, M. A., Ph.D.
GENERAL EDITOR
Section G. Botany
E. D. MERRILL, M. S.
EDITOR
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THE PHILIPPINE
Journal of Science
C. Botany
VOL. VIII
JULY, 1913
No. 4
THE PHENOMENON OF FATIGUE IN THE STIGMA OF MARTYNIA
By William H. Brown
{From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of Science,
Manila, P. I.)
The plants upon which the present observations were made
were grown in the greenhouse of the department of botany
of the Michigan Agricultural College during the spring of 1911.
Here the plants were much smaller than in the garden during
the summer months, but the flowers in the two cases appeared
to be identical.
The single stigma of Martynia prohoscidm Glox. terminates
in two, thin, recurved lips. Shortly after the opening of the
flower these two lips become sensitive to mechanical stimulation,
and may be made to close together by applying to one of them
a blow of sufficient force to cause it to bend. The process of
closing requires only a few seconds. If the stigmas have not
been pollinated the two lips will again spread apart and assume
their original position and frequently in less than three minutes.
When the stigmas are pollinated and the two lips then brought
together as the result of mechanical stimulation, they will usually
spread apart slightly in from ten minutes to an hour, after which
they again close and remain so until they wither. It would
seem that this closing together of the lips furnishes the pollen
with excellent conditions for germination.
When pollen from tomato or squash plants was applied to the
lips before they were brought together by mechanical stimula-
119145 197
198 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
tion, the spreading was in some cases slightly retarded; but
the lips resumed their original position and appeared to be as
sensitive as if no pollen had been applied. Small quantities
of quartz flour likewise had little or no effect on the movement
or sensitiveness of the lips. These results seemed to show that
those obtained with the Martynia pollen could not have been
due to its weight acting as a mechanical stimulus but rather
that it produced a chemical stimulation.
When the lips were completely covered with flne quartz flour
and then made to close together, they only opened slightly, after
which they again closed, as in the case of the Martynia pollen.
At the same time as large a quantity of quartz sand as could
be placed on the lips did not seem to retard their spreading
or to have any effect in rendering them insensitive. The expla-
nation of these phenomena is not at all clear. If the weight
of the quartz flour could have been effective in holding the lips
together the same thing should have been true of the sand.
It may be noted here that Brown and Sharp ^ have found that
continuous pressure was not effective in producing stimulation
in the case of Dionaea. The results moreover could hardly have
been due to any phenomena connected with growth. The best
explanation would seem to be that there was a reduction in
the turgor of the cells of the upper surface which was accom-
panied by an escape of water such as results from the stimula-
tion of the pulvini of Mimosa and the stamens of the Cynareae
and that this water was absorbed by the quartz flour and not
by the sand. The quartz flour might then hold the water with
sufficient force to prevent its return to the cells of the lips and
thus not allow them again to become turgid. If this explanation
is correct, movement would seem to be due to causes similar
to those operative in the case of Mimosa. Here - there appears
to be a reduction in the turgor of the cells of the concave half
of the pulvini, which cells are probably compressed by those
of the opposite turgid half.
The lips of the stigmas are usually much less sensitive on the
day that the flowers open than on the two or three days following.
They also spread apart much more slowly after closing, this
process frequently requiring a number of hours. On the fourth
or fifth or, sometimes, even on the third day they again become
^ Brown, W. H., and Sharp, L. W. The Closing Response in Dionaea.
Bot. Gaz. 49 (1910) 290-302.
* Brown, W. H. This Journal 7 (1912), Botany, 37.
VIII, c, 4 Brown: Fatigue in Stigma of Martynia 199
very much less sensitive. Soon after this mechanical stimulation
does not result in closure.
Owing to the rapidity with which the stigma lips respond
to stimulation and then resume their original position they
seemed to offer an easy method of determining whether or not
such a structure would show phenomena of fatigue in any way
similar to that exhibited by the muscles of animals. The spread-
ing apart of the lips seemed especially favorable for this, as
any retardation in the rapidity of this movement could be
observed independently of any fatigue in the perception of stimu-
lation. If this movement should show a phenomena resembling
fatigue the time required for resuming the original position
should increase after successive closures. In order to test this
point stigmas of flowers one or two days old were selected.
Since the stigma lips do not usually show a marked decrease
in the rapidity with which, after having closed together, they
resume the original position, until the fourth or fifth day, those
one or two days old should have retained practically unimpaired
the power of spreading apart for at least one or two days more
if not stimulated. Results obtained on the first or second day
of the experiment could therefore hardly be due to old age.
The method of experimentation consisted in causing the lips
to close together as the result of mechanical stimulation and
noting the time required for them to return to their original
position. As soon as they did this they were again stimulated.
The same process was repeated until the lips no longer responded.
It was found that the lips usually resumed the original position
more quickly after the second or third closure than after the
first, but beginning with the second or third stimulation they
showed a marked tendency to do this more and more slowly
after each successive closure. The increase in the time required
for the process was quite gradual until it had been repeated
a number of times. Finally, however, after a certain stimulus
the time required for resuming the original position was
increased very greatly, a number of hours being necessary.
When the lips did spread apart after this, they either responded
feebly or not at all to mechanical stimulation. If they did close,
it again took a number of hours for them to spread apart and
after this mechanical stimulation was always ineffective in
causing closure. In Table I are given the results of a series of
experiments which were all performed at the same time. These
results are quite similar to those obtained from all other
experiments.
200 The Philippine Journal of Science ms
Table I. — Effect of successive stimuli on the time required for the spreading
apart of the stigma lips of Martynia
From the results it would appear that the first few stimuli
have a beneficial effect in that they result in an increased rapid-
ity of movement. This phenomenon is paralleled to some extent
in the case of striated muscles of animals where repeated stimu-
lation results at first in increasingly greater contractions.
Beginning with the second or third stimulation, the stigma
lips of Martynia spread apart, after closure, more and more
slowly, thus showing a phenomenon resembling, at least superfi-
cially, one phase of fatigue in the striated muscles of cold-
blooded animals. In the latter, fatigue is characterized by a
decrease in the force of contraction and an increase in the
periods of both shortening and relaxing.
Lee ® distinguishes between fatigue and exhaustion in animal
muscles. According to this author, fatigue appears to be due
chiefly to poisoning by fatigue substances ; exhaustion to the con-
sumption of contractile material. The feeble response shown by
the stigma lips of Martynia after a number of successive stimula-
tions is superficially similar to exhaustion. A lack of knowledge
of the mechanism of movement in Martynia makes it impossible to
compare the phenomena observed in this case with those shown
by animal muscles ; but from what is known of the mechanism in
other plants it would seem probable that movement is due
to entirely different causes in the two cases and that this
would also be true of fatigue. There is little evidence for or
against the formation of fatigue substances in Martynia; but
® Lee, E. S. The nature of muscle fatigue. Proc. Am. Physiol. Soc. in
Am. Journ. Physiology 2 (1899) 11.
VIII, c, 4 Brown: Fatigue in Stigma of Martynia 201
it seems probable that the results observed are largely or wholly
due to the disappearance of substances or conditions capable of
producing the energy necessary for movement rather than to the
inhibiting effects of substances formed as the result of movement.
If the results were due, in any considerable degree, to the accumu-
lation of fatigue substances, the movement should become grad-
ually slower and slower and the stigma lips would probably not
show such a sudden loss of the power of movement.
After the stigma lips of Martynia had responded to stimula-
tion a number of times it was found that the force of the
stimulus had to be increased in order to produce complete
closure. It is not apparent as to whether this was due to a
decrease in the power of perception or of movement or both.
That the power of perception and movement may be separate is
shown by the pulvini of Mimosa, which may be insensitive to
mechanical stimuli but respond to heliotropic and other forms
of stimulation.
‘ Pfeffer, W. Physiology of Plants, translated by A. J. Ewart (1906).
•V
' ' ■' " ?■; i'
‘V'''^^i'''v'’'-’'i‘i^
'/■
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
Vol'VIII, No. 4, July, 1913.
SOME ADDITIONAL BAMBOOS OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS
By J. Sykes Gamble
{East Liss, Hants, England)
During the past year I have received for identification a
considerable number of bamboos through Mr. E. D. Merrill and
Mr. A. D. E. Elmer, most of which have proved to belong to
species mentioned in my paper entitled “The Bamboos of the
Philippine Islands.” ^ For the species already enumerated a
number of additional localities are here recorded, and several
specimens bring additions to the list, additions of considerable
interest which it is worth while to record. It has occurred to
me that a list of the specimens identified may be useful as a
supplement to my previous one. The numbers cited for each
generic and specific name refer to those given in the previous
list, additions being indicated by an asterisk.
1. *GUADUA Kunth
1. *GUADUA PHILIPPINENSIS Gamble sp. nov.
Culmus fruticosus, 4 ad 6 m altus, ad 5 cm diametro; inter-
nodia teretia, ad 75 cm longa ; ramuli teretes, flores ac folia geren-
tes, vaginis glabris (juniores tantum in specimine adsunt). Fo-
lia membranacea, lineari-lanceolata, apice longe acuminata, basi
saepissime rotundata, utrinque glabra, marginibus scabra, 10
ad 18 cm longa, 10 ad 15 mm lata, nervi utrinque 5 vel 6 baud
conspicui ; petiolus subnullus ; vagina glabra vel paullo puberula
apice auriculis perparvis albo-setiferis munita; ligula brevissi-
ma, saepe etiam setifera. Flores in racemis terminalibus vel
ad nodos ramulorum ultimorum fasciculatis ; racemi 5 ad 12
cm longi spicularum fascicules alternatim gerentes et in quoque
fascicule spiculas 1 ad 3 fertiles saepissime deflexas cum paucis
perparvis sterilibus et bracteis paleaceis parvis ; rhachis gracilis,
albo-pubescens, ad basim stramineo-bracteatus et ad nodos con-
spicue hirsutus. Spiculae oblongo-lanceolatae, glabrae vel minute
albo-farinosae ad 15 mm longae, floribus circa 4 vel 5 fertilibus,
'This Journal 5 (1910) Bot. 267-281.
203
204 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
additis apicem versus 2 vel 3 incompletis ; glumae steriles 2
ovatae acuminatae, I 3 mm longa, II 5 mm ; glumae florentes III
5 ad 7 ovato-lanceolatae, mucronatae, 5 ad 8 mm. longae; paleae
glumae florenti longiores ovato-lanceolatae acuminatae dorso cari-
nis conspicue alatis ciliatis munitae; lodiculae nullae. Stamina
6, linearia, libera vel juventute paullo convexa, antheris 3 ad 4
mm longis, obtusis, apice penicillatis. Ovarium oblongum, stylo
gracili hirsuto, stigmatibus 3 plumosis brevibus, Caryopsis non
visus.
Mindanao, District of Davao, Mati, C. V. Piper U75, May 15, 1911.
This is a most interesting addition to the flora. As is well known, the
genus Guadiia differs but little from Bambusa, the chief character being
in the broad wings to the keels of the palea. These are very well shown
in Mr. Piper’s specimen and in consequence I have described it under
Guadua, a genus which hitherto has only been known as American. My
only doubts are in the absence of lodicules and in the more Dendro calamus-
like ovary. Perhaps when ripe, or at any rate, more advanced, fruit
is obtained it may be necessary to alter its position and genus and it is
to be hoped that before long better specimens, including culm-sheaths,
older spikelets, and the caryopsis may be obtainable.
2. BAMBUSA Schreber
2. BAMBUSA VULGARIS Schrad.
Add: Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax, Bur. Sci. 11172
McGregor, April, 1912: Manila, (cult.) Merrill 7050, March, 1910, the
var. striata with striped culms. Palawan, Brooks Point, Addison Peak,
Elmer 12608, February, 1911, “culms 6 to 9 m high, 7 to 10 cm in diameter,
internodes 30 cm long.”
3. BAMBUSA CORNUTA Munro.
Add: Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Merrill 7711, May, 1911: Prov-
ince of Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax, Bur. Sci. 11291 McGregor, April, 1912:
and amend the description “Culms 3.5 cm in diameter; internodes 40 to
50 cm long; culm-sheaths about 26 cm long, 15 cm wide, rounded above
and with one or two horn-like auricles with long stiff bristles, the margins
ciliate; pseudophylls reflexed, about 10 cm long, 1 to 2 cm broad, cordate
at base; ligule very short.”
5. BAMBUSA BLUM BAN A Schultes.
Add: Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax, Bur. Sci. 11372
McGregor, April, 1912.
3. GIGANTOCHLOA Kurz
1. GIGANTOCHLOA SCRIBNERIANA Merr.
Add: Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. H696 Ramos, April, 1912.
Leyte, Malitbog, Weber 1527, January, 1912.
2. *GIGANTOCHLOA ROBUSTA Kurz in Ind. Forester 1 (1876) 344?
Luzon, Province of Bulacan, Baliuag, Bur. Sci. 96^2 Robinson, January,
1909. “Culms 13 to 15 m high, 8 to 9 cm in diameter; internodes 3.5 to
VIII, C, 4
Gamble: Additional Bamboos
205
4 cm long; locally known as ‘Bamboo de China’ or ‘Cauayan China’
indicating a probably introduced species.” I do not feel very certain of
the identification as the plant described by Kurz is imperfectly known,
and Koorders omits it from the Javanese species admitted in his “Exkur-
sionsflora von Java.”
5. *TEINOSTACHYUM Munro
A specimen of a bamboo without flowers, but with leaves and the culm-
sheaths, agrees very nearly with Teinostachyum Dullooa Gamble in Ann.
Bot. Card. Calc. 7 (1896) 101, a widely spread Indian and Burmese bamboo
found from the Sikkim Himalaya through Assam and Burma. Flowers
should be carefully watched for.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Merrill 82A6, December, 1911, “a
slender tufted bamboo about 4 to 5 m high and 2 cm in diameter, the
internodes 30 to 40 cm long, found in thickets near sea level.”
6. SCHIZOSTACHYUM Nees
In the key line 3 for “lodicules none” insert “lodicules none or scarce”
and line 10 after “hirsute” add “lodicules often present.”
1. SCHIZOSTACHYUM ACUTIFLORUM Munro
Add: Luzon, Province of Laguna, Calauan, McGregor, December, 1910:
Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax, McGregor, March, 1912: Province of
Laguna, Mount Maquiling, For. Bur. 13236 Curran, March, 1912. Pala-
wan, Puerto Princesa (Mount Pulgar), Elmer 12809, March, 1911, “scan-
dent and sprawling over river banks at 150 m alt., culms 2 to 4 cm thick.”
2. SCHIZOSTACHYUM DIELSIANUM Merr.
Add: Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Cabibihan, Bur. Sci. 13129 Fox-
worthy & Ramos, March, 1911, along streams.
3. SCHIZOSTACHYUM PALAWANENSE Gamble.
In the description alter parts of lines 1 and 2 to “Culmus suffruti-
cosus, alte scandens, prope basin solidus, 8 ad 25 mm diametro, internodia
20 ad 30 cm longa etc.”
Add: Palawan, Brooks Point (Addison Peak), Elmer 12618, February,
1911.
4. SCHIZOSTACHYUM HALLIERI Gamble.
Add: Palawan, Brooks Point (Addison Peak), Elmer 12599, February,
1911, “culm-sheaths 17 to 18 cm long, truncate at apex, pseudophylls 7.5
cm long, 8 mm broad.”
10. SCHIZOSTACHYUM FEN I XI I Gamble in Philip. Journ. Sci. 6 (1911)
Bot. 289.
Add: Luzon, Abra Subprovince, Bangued, W. E. McVey, February and
July, 1911, local name puser, a small bamboo with distant internodes;
culm-sheaths very thick (3 to 4 mm) and woody, smooth and shining
outside, 10 cm long, 3 to 3.5 cm in diameter at the base; pseudophylls
ovate, acuminate, up to 10 cm long, 5 to 6 cm broad at the base, the base
produced in large, rounded, fimbriate, wrinkled auricles: Province of Ca-
gayan, Abulug River, For. Bur. 17815 Curran, January, 1912, “a climbing
bamboo in dense tangled thickets along the river.”
206 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
11. *SCHiZOSTACHYUM LONGISPICULATUM Kurz in Journ. As. Soc.
Beng. 39° (1S70) 89, t. 6; Ind. Forester 1 : 351.
Melocanna longispiculata Kurz in Cat. Hort. Bog. (1866) 20.
Melocanna Zollingeri var. longispiculata Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc.
26 (1868) 134.
Palawan, Puerto Princesa (Mount Pulgar), Elmer 12958, April, 1911.
I believe this identification to be correct.
12. *SCHI20STACHYUM BRACH YCLADU M Kurz in Journ. As. Soc. Beng.
39° (1870) 89, t. VI, 2; Ind. Forester 1:349; Koord. Exkurs. FI.
Java 1 : 179.
Melocanna brachyclada Kurz in Cat. Hort. Bog. (1866) 20.
Melocanna Zollingeri var. brachyclada Munro in Trans. Linn. Soc.
26 (1868) 134.
Mindanao, Butuan Subprovince, Veruela, C. M. Weber 1111, June, 1911,
“common along streams, culms 10 m high, up to 5 cm in diameter.”
The specimens are very complete, having leaves, culm-sheaths, and
good flowers, and they all agree well with specimens of Schizostachyum
brachycladum Kurz in my possession, especially with one of Kurz’s type
sheets. The rounded, hard, shining culm sheaths with small, reflexed,
fimbriate auricles and broadly ovate, cordate, sharply acuminate, short
pseudophylls are very characteristic, as are the three, large, prominent
lodicules and the obtuse anthers.
DINOCHLOA Biise
1. DINOCHLOA SCANDENS 0. Kuntze.
Add: Palawan, Brooks Point (Addison Peak), Elmer 126i8, February,
1911. SiBUYAN, Magallanes, Elmer 12059, March, 1910. Cebu, Bur. Sci.
11115 Ramos, March, 1912. Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio,
Bur. Sci. 15015 Ramos, June, 1912.
DINOCHLOA SCANDENS var. ANGUSTIFOLIA Hack.
Add: Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Lucban, Elmer 9217, May, 1907:
Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, For. Bur. 17816 Curran, January,
1912: Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 865, in forests, altitude about
1550 meters, 5 m long, 2 to 3 cm in diameter, Ilocano bica.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
Vol. VIII, No. 4, July, 1913.
STUDIES ON PHILIPPINE MELASTOMATACEAE, I
By E. D. Merrill^
{From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory, Bureau of
Science, Manila, P. I.)
A. The Genus Memecylon
The genus Memecyloti is, in some respects, a peculiarly diffi-
cult one to study and no proposed scheme of classification of
the numerous forms is entirely satisfactory either from the
standpoint of interrelationships of the numerous forms, or
from that of facility in making determinations. In the past
decade abundant material has been collected in the Philippines,
and a study of the available specimens has led me to make some
radical changes in the nomenclature of some of our most com-
mon forms, and to alter the status of others. Very many of
the specimens, in the light of this recent study, were originally
erroneously determined, numerous forms, following other
authors, being referred to the comprehensive Memecylon edule
Roxb., as interpreted by Cogniaux. It has been considered ad-
visable, under the circumstances, to cite specimens rather fully
under each species as at present understood, in order that the
duplicates, now widely distributed in numerous botanical insti-
tutions, can be rearranged in conformity with the present treat-
ment, should the ideas embodied herein as to limits of species
and nomenclature meet with acceptance.
The first Philippine species described were the two indicated
by Blanco in 1837, Memecylon parviflorum Blanco, which in
1845 he altered to M. tinctorium, and M. lanceolatum Blanco.
Neither have been understood by succeeding authors, although
both are common species in Luzon, and the last name is valid
under our rules of nomenclature. Both species have been here
^ Associate Professor of Botany, University of the Philippines, Ma-
nila, P. I.
207
208
The Philippine Journal of Science
accepted, the first as a synonym of the form variously referred
to M. edule Roxb., M. ovatum Sm., M. prasinum Naud., and
M. lucidum Presl, here treated under M. ovatum, and the second
as the proper name for the form later described by Presl as
M. cumingianum and M. pyrifolium, and by Naudin as M. clausi-
florum.
Soon after the distribution of Cuming’s large Philippine col-
lections the species of Memecylon represented were independ-
ently named and described, first by Presl ^ and immediately
afterwards by Naudin.® Presl’s names, so far as they were
valid, antedate those of Naudin. The two sets of names and
Cuming’s specimens were correlated by Bentham in 1861 in his
Botanical Memoranda, “The Memecyla of Cuming’s collec-
tions,” * Bentham’s nomenclature being, for the most part,
accepted and followed by later authors. Without discussing the
species as considered by Triana and Naudin, in their mono-
graphs of the Melastomataceae, the next consideration of the
Philippine forms as such is that of F.-Villar,® who admitted 14
species, of which 10 have never been found in the Philippines,
and which were apparently all admitted on erroneously deter-
mined material. The latest monograph of the family, that of
Cogniaux, published in 1891, credits 5 species to the Archipelago,
which represents practically all that was known regarding the
genus in the Philippines at that date. The list has, in the
present paper, been increased to 30, most of the additions being
in the nature of proposed new species, but also due to a different
interpretation of some of the older species. There is evidence,
in the material already collected, but inadequate for purposes
of description, that the list will be considerably increased as
botanical exploration of the Archipelago progresses. All of
the following species belong in the section Eumemecylon.
In the preparation of this paper I am under obligations to Sir
D. Prain, Director, Royal Gardens, Kew, England for the loan
of fragments of cotypes of Memecylon cumingianum Presl, M.
lucidum Presl, and M. pyrifolium Presl; and to Dr. A. Pascher
of Prague, for the loan of a fragment of the type of Memecylon
diversifolium Presl.
= Epim. Bot. (1851) 208-210.
"Ann. Sci. Nat. Ill 18 (1852).
“Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 5 (1861) 77, 78.
‘Novis. App. (1880) 89, 90.
VIII, C, 4
Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I
209
KEY TO THE SPECIES
1. Leaves boldly 3-nerved from base to apex, the marginal pair much more
prominent than, and not at all arched between the ends of the pinnate
lateral ones 1. M. oligoneuron
1. Leaves pinnately nerved to nerveless, the submarginal nerves, when
present, always arched-anastomosing with the ends of the pinnate
lateral ones.
2. Branches and branchlets terete, not at all angled or winged, and not
even sulcate.
3. Leaves distinctly petioled, acute or rounded at the base, the nerves
not prominent, sometimes obsolete.
4. Lateral nerves entii-ely obsolete, rarely slightly evident and then
not at all anastomosing.
5. Peduncles very slender, up to 6 cm in length.... 2. M. tenuipes
5. Peduncles short, never more than 3 cm in length.
6. Inflorescence less than 1.5 cm long, few-flowered; leaves 5
cm long or less 3. M. gitingense
6. Inflorescence 2 to 7 cm long, many-flowered, leaves 6 to 12
cm long, always turning pale yellowish-green in drying.
4. M. lanceolatum
4. Lateral nerves slender, distinct but not prominent, usually dis-
tinctly or indistinctly anastomosing with the faint, arched,
submarginal nerves.
5. Flowers fascicled or crowded in very shortly peduncled cymes,
the whole inflorescence shorter than the petioles.
5. M. odoratum
5. Flowers in open, many-flowered more or less lax cymes which
are always longer than the petioles.
6. Inflorescence distinctly dark brown-furfuraceous.
6. M. suhfurfuraceum
6. Inflorescence entirely glabrous.
7. Leaves rounded at the base, very thickly coriaceous, shin-
ing, always brown or brownish when dry.. 7. M. ovatum
7. Leaves acute at the base, pale or olivaceous, not brown,
when dry.
8. Inflorescence 2 cm long or less 8. M. brachybotrys
8. Inflorescence 3 to 6 cm long.
9. Lateral nerves evident, distinctly anastomosing.
9. M. apoense
9. Lateral nerves not or very indistinctly anastomosing.
10. M. basilanense
3. Leaves sessile or subsessile, distinctly cordate at the base, rarely
merely rounded, the lateral nerves always prominent and anas-
tomosing with the prominent, arched, submarginal nerves.
4. Leaves rounded, obtuse, or retuse at the apex.
11. M. diversifoliuvi
4. Leaves acute or acuminate.
5. Leaves mostly less than 12 cm in length, the inflorescence
quite glabrous, terminal and lateral 12. M. affine
5. Leaves 15 to 30 cm long, the inflorescence more or less furfura-
ceous, mostly lateral.
210
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
6. Nerves moderately prominent, about 15 on each side pf the
midrib, mostly 1 cm or more apart; leaves blunt-acuminate.
13. M. cumingii
6. Nerves very distinct, about 20 on each side of the midrib,
mostly less than 1 cm apart; leaves acute or sharply
acuminate 14. M. phanerophlebium
2. Branchlets distinctly and sharply 4-angled, narrowly 4-winged, or at
least 2-sulcate, not strictly terete.
3. Lateral nerves prominent, anastomosing with the arched marginal
nerves, the latter as prominent as the lateral ones.
4. Leaves gradually narrowed to the contracted, subcordate-rounded
base, sessile, the stout branches and branchlets prominently
4-winged 15. M. elongatum
4. Leaves mostly broad and rounded or cordate, not or but little
contracted to a narrow base.
5. Leaves mostly 10 cm long or less.
6. Leaves rounded at the base; peduncles very slender, 2.5 to
4 cm long 16. M. loheri
6. Leaves cordate; peduncies 2 cm long or less.
7. Lateral nerves 10 or less on each side of the midrib.
8. Peduncles 4-angled; inflorescence compound, many-flow-
ered 17. M. venosum
8. Peduncles sulcate; inflorescence simple, subcapitate, few-
flowered 18. M. cordifolium
7. Lateral nerves about 15 on each side of the midrib.
19. M. subcaudatum
5. Leaves exceeding 10 cm in length, mostly 15 to 25 cm long.
6. Leaves very thickly coriaceous, about 10 cm wide, the branch-
lets prominently 4-angled and winged.. 20. M. sorsogonense
6. Leaves thickly chartaceous to coriaceous, less than 10 cm
wide.
7. Inflorescence lateral.
8. Ultimate branchlets sharply 4-angled or very narrowly
winged; nerves very prominent.
9. Leaves olivaceous or brown, smooth when dry.
21. M. paniculatum
9. Leaves pale when dry, the lower surface especially so
and minutely pustulate 22. M. pallidum
8. Ultimate branchlets 2-grooved, not 4-angled or 4-winged,
the nerves not especially prominent.. 23. M. calderense
7. Inflorescence terminal or terminal and in the uppermost
axils.
8. Peduncles 2 to 4 cm long, slightly grooved or sulcate.
24. M. terminaliflorum
8. Peduncles up to 10 cm in length, prominently 4-winged.
25. M. pteropus
3. Nerves obsolete, or if present not at all prominent and not or but
obscurely anastomosing.
4. Leaves acute at the base.
5. Flowers fascicled or in very short, dense cymes.
6. Leaves sessile, about 12 cm long, their margins revolute;
nerves distinct 26. M. sessilifolium
VIII. C, 4
Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I
211
6. Leaves petioled, 4 to 10 cm long; nerves obsolete.
7. Leaves acuminate 27. M. densiflorum
7. Leaves rounded or obtuse 28. M. obtusifolium
5. Flowers few, in small, long and slenderly peduncled cymes;
leaves lanceolate, less than 4 cm long, the lateral nerves
obsolete 29. M. gracilipes
4. Leaves rounded or slightly cordate at the base.
5. Leaves rounded or obtuse at the apex, their margins revolute,
base rounded 30. M. revolutum
5. Leaves distinctly acuminate, base usually slightly cordate.
23. M. calderense
1. MEMECYLON OLIGONEURON Blume Mus. Bot. 1 (1851) 353; Cogn.
in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1132; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci.
4 (1909) 304.
Rhodamnia glabra Vid. Rev. PI. Vase. Filip. (1886) 129.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 1707^, 17242 Curran, For. Bur.
13100 Bernardo: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 3314 Ramos: Province of
Laguna, For. Bur. 22306 Mariano, For. Bur. 10111 Curran: Province of
Tayabas, For. Bur. 18634 Darling, l^idal 782 (type of Rhodamnia glabra
Vid., Herb. Kew.).
A most characteristic species, at once distinguished from all other Phil-
ippine forms by its prominently 3-nerved, not penninerved leaves.
Malay Peninsula, Penang, Java, and Borneo.
2. MEMECYLON TENUIPES sp. nov.
Arbor parva, glabra, circiter 5 m alta, ramis ramulisque tenui-
bus, teretibus ; foliis lanceolatis, coriaceis, usque ad 10 cm longis,
basi acutis, apice longe acuminatis, nervis lateralibus obsoletis;
inflorescentiis axillaribus solitariis, ut videtur paucifloris, pedun-
culis tenuibus, 5 ad 6 cm longis ; fructibus ovoideis, circiter 8 mm
longis.
A small glabrous tree, about 5 m high, the branches reddish-
brown or grayish, slender, terete, the branchlets terete, about
1 mm in diameter. Leaves lanceolate, coriaceous, the upper
surface shining, the lower slightly paler, dull, 8 to 10 cm long,
1.5 to 2.5 cm wide, the base acute, the apex slenderly acuminate,
the midrib distinct, but the lateral nerves and reticulations
obsolete; petioles 2 to 3 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, soli-
tary, long and slenderly peduncled, apparently few-flowered,
the branches at the apex of the peduncle, short, the peduncle
5 to 6 cm long. Flowers unknown. Fruit (immature) green,
ovoid, about 8 mm long.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, Bur. Sci. 13835 Ramos,
January, 1912, in forests along the river.
A species in the group with Memecylon lanceolatum Blanco=M. cuming-
ianum Presl, but not closely allied to that species. Its alliance appears
to be with M. gracilipes C. B. Rob., but it is entirely different from the
latter in form and size of its leaves.
212
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
3. MEMECYLON GITINGENSE Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1195.
Mindoro, For. Bur. 8628 Merritt. Sibuyan, Elmer 12189.
A species of which the flowers are unknown, very similar to Memecylon
gracilipes C. B. Rob., from which it differs in its somewhat larger leaves
and especially in its very much shorter inflorescence. The Mindoro speci-
men is not quite typical, the leaves are a little winder than in the type,
slightly different in texture, and the ultimate branchlets are frequently
distinctly sulcate.
4. MEMECYLON LANCEOLATUM Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 301, ed. 2
(1845) 209.
Memecylon pyrifolium Presl Epim. (1851) 210.
Memecylon cumingianum Presl 1. c. 209; Triana in Trans. Linn.
Soc. 28 (1871) 156; Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1168.
Memecylon claiisiflorum Naud. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Ill 18 (1852) 274;
Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. F (1855) 577; Walp. Ann. 4 (1857) 803.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Elmer 63^2: Province of Zambales,
Merrill 2995: Province of Bulacan, For. Bur. 7171 Curran: Province of
Laguna, Bur. Sci. 1^929, 16528 Ramos: Province of Bataan, For. Bur.
ISOJt, 1781 Borden, For. Bur. 17312 Curran, Bur. Sci. 617i Robinson,
Merrill 2563, Leiberg 6163; Corregidor, For. Bur. 13221 Curran: Prov-
ince of Rizal, Loher 62^8, For. Bur. 1101, 1162 Ahern’s collector, Guerrero
12, Phil. PI. 377 Ramos, Merrill 1687, 2633: Province of Sorsogon, For.
Bur. U527 Zschokke. Polillo, Bur. Sci. 10266 McGregor. Negros, For.
Bur. 5572 Everett.
The species is common and widely distributed in the regions from which
Blanco secured most of his botanical material. It is, in general, very similar
to some other species, and is the only species known to me that agrees
with the original description of Memecylon lanceolatum Blanco, and at the
same time differs from the manifestly similar forms found in the same
region by its somewhat larger flowers, a character especially noted by
Blanco. F.-Villar reduced Memecylon lanceolatum Blanco to M. cuming-
ianum Presl, and I am now of the opinion that he was correct in deter-
mining the two to be identical. I have, however, retained Blanco’s specific
name on the principle of priority.
Memecylon pyrifolium Presl was based on Cuming 1816, from the Is-
land of Bohol, and although it was retained by Bentham ® as a distinct
species, Cogniaux is apparently correct in reducing it to Memecylon cuming-
ianum Presl=M. lanceolatum Blanco.
Memecylon cumingianum Presl was based on Cuming 917, from the
Province of Albay, Luzon, and this specific name was retained by Cog-
niaux, and is the oldest one other than Blanco’s.
Memecylon clausifiorum Naud. was based on specimens collected by
Cuming in the Philippines, the number or numbers not indicated. In the
Museum of Natural History at Paris, Cuming 917, 1151, and 1816, are all
named M. clausifiorum Naud; No. 1151, however, is probably M. subfur-
furaceum Merr.
The species is rather characteristic, but has not been well understood
here, for some of the specimens cited above have been determined as
M. cumingianum Presl, and others as M. edule Roxb. The leaves are
"Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 5 (1861) 78.
VIII, C. 4
Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I
213
always more or less greenish-yellow when dry, and the lateral nerves are
obsolete or nearly so. The inflorescence is entirely glabrous, and the
flowers are somewhat larger than in any of the allied species having more
or less similar vegetative characters. The reinstatement of Blanco’s
species as a valid one invalidates the Bornean Memecylon lanceolatum
Cogn., for which the new name MEMECYLON BORNEENSE is proposed.
Memecylon calleryanum Naud. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Ill 18 (1852) 275;
Walp. Ann. 4 (1857) 803; Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. F (1855) erne cy Ion
cumingianum Presl var. calleryanum Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891)
1168. This form was based on a specimen collected in the Province of
Pangasinan, Luzon, by Gallery. From the description, in connection with
our ample material of M. lanceolatum Blanco, I can see no reason for dis-
tinguishing it. The differential characters are in the size of the leaves
and length of the inflorescence. I have little hesitation in considering
Naudin’s species a synonym of Blanco’s Memecylon lanceolatum, but a
critical study of the type may alter this opinion.
Memecylon cumingianum Presl=M. lanceolatum Blanco is also found in
Borneo and in Celebes, fide Cogniaux.
5. MEMECYLON ODORATUM Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1196.
Palawan, Elmer 13H0 (type collection).
The species is well characterized by its terete branchlets, obtuse or
rounded, petioled leaves, and fascicled, not cymose inflorescence. It does
not appear to be closely allied- to M. sessilifolium Merr., to which it was
compared.
Endemic.
6. MEMECYLON SUBFURFURACEUM sp. nov.
Arbor parva, usque ad 8 m alia, inflorescentiis fusco-furfura-
ceis exceptis glabra; ramis ramulisque teretibus; foliis charta-
ceis vel subcoriaceis, oblongo-ovatis ad ovato-lanceolatis, penni-
nerviis, acuminatis, basi acutis, petiolatis, usque ad 14 cm longis,
nitidis, subtus pallidioribus, nervis utrinque circiter 12, tenuibus,
indistinctis, obscure anastomosantibus ; cymis axillaribus, soli-
tariis, pedunculatis, multifloris, 3 ad 5 cm longis, alabastro
obtuso.
A small tree 5 to 8 m high, quite glabrous except the
rather densely brown-furfuraceous inflorescence. Branches and
branchlets slender, terete, grayish to reddish-brown. Leaves
oblong-ovate to ovate-lanceolate, penninerved, chartaceous to sub-
coriaceous, 10 to 14 cm long, 3.5 to 6 cm wide, olivaceous-brown
when dry, shining, the lower surface a little paler than the
upper, the apex rather slenderly acuminate, the acumen sharp
or somewhat blunt, the base acute; lateral nerves about 12 on
each side of the midrib, slender, not prominent, anastomosing
with the very slender and indistinct marginal nerves; petioles
3 to 4 mm long. Cymes 3 to 5 cm long, axillary, solitary,
peduncled, many-flowered, all parts in anthesis rather densely
119145 2
214
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
furfuraceous with small dark-brown scales, the peduncles terete
or very obscurely angled, 0.5 to 2 cm long. Flowers blue or
purplish, numerous, crowded in subglobose heads on the ends
of the ultimate branchlets, the buds subglobose, obtuse, the
pedicels about 3 mm long. Calyx about 2 mm in diameter, trun-
cate, very obscurely 4-toothed, somewhat broadly funnel-shaped,
about 2 mm in diameter. Petals ovate, 1.6 mm long, acute
or obtuse. Filaments 2.5 mm long. Fruit globose, dark-purple
when mature, the pericarp fleshy, when dry about 6 mm in
diameter.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 22U17 Alvarez: Province
of Pangasinan, For. Bur. 962i. Zschokke: Province of Pampanga, Merrill
1395, For. Bur. 17737 Curran: Province of Batangas, For. Bur. 7657,
7922, Curran & Merritt: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 5776, 7155, 17607,
Curran, Merrill 2U95, 3788 (type), Whitford 83, 299, 1022, Elmer 6723,
6796, Williams 225, 656, 728, For. Bur. 82, 206 Barnes, For. Bur. 730,
820, 1185 Borden, For. Bur. 2191 Meyer, Bur. Sci. 164-7, 1887 Foxworthy.
A species previously confused with Memecylon edule Roxb., most of
the specimens cited having been determined as that species and the dupli-
cate material so distributed. It is more closely allied to Memecylon acu-
minatum Sm., and to M. grande Retz., as interpreted by Cogniaux, than to
M. edule. It is readily distinguishable by its dark brown-furfuraceous,
not glabrous, inflorescence. The species is rather local, and most of the
numerous specimens cited above are from a single locality, that is, Lamao
River, Province of Bataan, Luzon. Cuming 1151, referred by Cogniaux to
Memecylon cumingianum, is probably M. subfurfuraceum.
Var. DEPAUPERATUM var. nov.
A typo differt foliis minoribus, 5 ad 8 cm longis, cymis brevio-
ribus, vix 2 cm longis, minus furfuraceis.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 1992 Ahern’s collector (type),
Loher 6034: Province of Tayabas, Merrill 1936.
In essential characters this form appears to be very closely allied to
typical Memecylon subfurfuraceum, and although it differs from the species
not only in its smaller leaves but also in its shorter and less furfuraceous
inflorescence, I have considered it best to indicate the form merely as a
variety of the above species rather than as a distinct one. Two or three
other specimens, in different stages and scarcely directly comparable, may
be referable here.
Memecylon edule Roxb. has been credited to the Philippines by several
different authors, F.-Villar, Vidal, Cogniaux, and myself, but it is exceed-
ingly doubtful if the species really extends to the Archipelago, and equally
doubtful if it should be interpreted as a broad collective species as Cog-
niaux ’ has considered it. It seems to me that Cogniaux has referred to
Memecylon edule Roxb. several forms that are worthy of specific rank,
and I have no hesitation in so considering the one form that extends to
the Philippines, M. edule var. ovatum C. B. Clarke==M. ovatum Sm.
’DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1155.
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, 1 215
The exact identity of the typical form of Memecylon edule Roxb. is
more or less doubtful, as his figure is not particularly good, and his descrip-
tion is unsatisfactory. Trimen ® met with difficulty in trying to interpret the
species, and concluded that it was safer not to employ Roxburgh’s name
for any Ceylon species; he referred M. edule var. ovatum C. B. Clarke to
M. grande Retz., as a variety.
If Cogniaux is correct in his synonymy of the species, the oldest valid
specific name is Memecylon timbellatum Burm. f. FI. Ind. (1768) 87, in
spite of the fact that Trimen states that Burmann’s name was published
without description. Although Burmann’s description consists of but five
words; it constitutes a valid publication by reference to “Burm. zeyl. 76,
t. 30,” and the figure referred to is the type of the species. Samara laeta
L. Mant. 2 (1771) 199, being based on the same reference as Memecylon
umbellatum, becomes an exact synonym. However, Trimen considers that
Memecylon U7nbellatum Burm. f. is specifically distinct from M. edule
Roxb., in which I agree with him, after an examination of the literature
involved, and the Ceylon material available here. Whether or not true
Memecylon edule Roxb. extends to the Philippines may be a question of
dispute, but it seems to be very evident that nothing closely approaching
Memecylon mnbellatum Burm. f. is found in the Archipelago.
A very great number of Philippine specimens, collected within the past
decade, have been determined and for the most part the duplicate material
distributed as Memecylon edule Roxb. Among the specimens so named
several distinct species are represented, but most of the material is refer-
able to M. subfurfuraceum Merr. and to the form considered below.
7. MEMECYLON OVATUM Sm. in Rees Cycl. 23 (1816) No. 3; Benth.
in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 5 (1861) 78.
Memecylon parviflormn Blanco FI. Filip. (1837) 300; Cogn. in DC.
Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1172.
Memecylo7i tinctoi'ium Blanco 1. c. ed. 2 (1845) 208, non Koenig.
Memecylon lucidum Presl Epim. (1851) 209.
Memecylon prasinum Naud. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Ill 18 (1852) 275.
Me^necylon edule Roxb. var. ovatum C. B. Clarke in Hook. f. FI.
Brit. Ind. 2 (1879) 564.
Batanes Islands, Dalupiri, Bur. Sci. 106iS McGregor. Luzon, Prov-
ince of Ilocos Sur, Bur. Sci. 10070 McGregor: Province of Nueva Ecija,
For. Bur. 8JfJt6, 84-85 Curran: Province of Pangasinan, Merrill 2878, For.
Bur. 8378 Curran & Merritt: Province of Zambales, Merrill 2087, For.
Bur. 6936 Curran: Province of Rizal, For. Bur. 1838 Ahern's collector,
Loher 3528: Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 11980 Tamesis, For. Bur.
22342 Mariano: Province of Batangas, For. Bur. 21568 Tamesis: Prov-
ince of Tayabas, For. Bur. 13367 Aguilar, For. Bur. 10246 Curran, For.
Bur. 15269, 19005 Rosenbluth: Province of Camarines, Ahern 800. Pala-
wan, For. Bur. 4508, 7461 Curran. Mindanao, Province of Misamis, For.
Bur. 19544 Kle^mne: District of Davao, Copeland 689: District of Zam-
boanga, Ahern 656, Bur. Sci. 11783 Robinson. Basilan, For. Bur. 6574
Hutchinson.
The Philippine form seems to be quite identical with the Indo-Malayan
one which is represented in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science by
*F1. Ceyl. 2 (1894) 221.
216 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
several specimens variously identified as Memecylon tinctorium Koen.,
M. edule Roxb., and M. minutifiorum Miq., India, Meebold 8652, Malay
Peninsula, Ridley 15396, Penang, Ridley, and specimens from Ceylon
and Lingga cultivated in the Botanic Garden at Buitenzorg.
As to my interpretation of Memecylon ovatum Sm., I must confess that
I have followed Cogniaux, as the one description of Smith’s species avail-
able, that given by DeCandolle, is altogether too short to supply an adequate
idea of the species. Smith’s type should be examined and compared with
the abundant Indian material now available.
As to the synonyms quoted above, both Memecylon lucidum Presl and
M. prasinum Naud. were based on Philippine material, and both on a single
number of Cuming’s collection (No. 1445), although the number was not
cited by Naudin. Memecylon parviflorum Blanco, which in the second
edition of his “Flora de Filipinas” Blanco changed to M. tinctorium, is
manifestly this form with ovate leaves. The species seems to be widely
distributed in the Indo-Malayan region, and is well characterized by its
rather thickly coriaceous leaves which are brown and shining when dry,
and in comparison with the preceding by its entirely glabrous, not furfu-
raceous infiorescences.
8. MEMECYLON BRACHYBOTRYS sp. nov.
Species M. apoensi affinis, differt inflorescentiis brevioribus,
baud 2 cm longis, paucifloris, floribus minoribus, calycis 3 mm
diametro, petalis 3 mm longis.
A small tree, 8 to 10 m high, all parts glabrous. Branches
and branchlets terete, slender, grayish, or the younger parts
somewhat reddish-brown. Leaves ovate to elliptic-ovate, coria-
ceous, penninerved, shining, 12 to 15 cm long, 5 to 8 cm wide,
narrowed to the rather long-acuminate apex, the acumen stout,
blunt, and to the acute base, the upper surface olivaceous when
dry, the lower somewhat paler, margins slightly revolute, lateral
nerves indistinct, slender, not anastomosing, about 12 on each
side of the midrib, the midrib very prominent; petioles 5 to
7 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, peduncled, cymose, 1 to 2 cm
long, rather dense, few-flowered, the peduncles about 5 mm long,
usually solitary, sometimes fascicled, the flowers 5 to 10 on each
inflorescence, their pedicels 2 to 3 mm long. Buds shortly acu-
minate, hardly rostrate. Calyx cup-shaped, truncate, obscurely
and minutely 4-toothed, 3 mm long and wide. Petals triangular-
ovate, acute, 3 mm long. Filaments and anthers each about 2
mm long. Fruit ellipsoid, about 1.5 cm long, 0.8 to 1 cm in
diameter,
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, For. Bur. 3070 Ahern's collector
(type). May 27, 1905, Bur. Sci. 2631 Ramos, May, 1907: Province of
Laguna, Paete, Bur. Sci. 10011 Ramos, July, 1909, For. Bur. 19279 Curran,
Feb., 1910.
The species, among the Philippines forms, is manifestly allied to Meme-
cylon apoense Elm., from whcih it differs in its much shorter inflorescence
VIII, c, 4 Me7’rill: Philippine Melastomataceae, 1 217
and smaller flowers. Among the extra-Philippine species its place appears
to be with Memecylon violaceum Cogn., of Borneo, and M. garcinioid.es
Blume of Sumatra. ^ A specimen from Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci.
H683 Ramos, is very similar to M. brachybotrys, but has subglobose or
ovoid rather than ellipsoid fruits.
9. MEMECYLON APOENSE Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1199.
Mindanao, District of Davao, Elmer 11697 (type collection).
The species is rather characteristic and is certainly distinct from Meme-
cylon edule Roxb., and its allied forms. It is characterized by its unusually
large flowers, which are described as having the calyx 5 mm long and
wide and the petals 6 mm long. In my material of the type collection,
however, the calyx scarcely exceeds 3 mm in length and 4 mm in diam-
eter, while the petals are at most 5 mm in length. Even with these cor-
rected measurements, the flowers still are rather large for the genus.
10. MEMECYLON BASILANENSE sp. nov.
Arbor parva, glabra, ramis ramulisque teretibus; foliis sub-
ellipticis, utrinque angustatis, 9 ad 18 cm longis, basi acutis,
apice crasse obtuseque acuminatis, crassissime coriaceis, in sicci-
tate pallidis, nitidis, penninerviis, nervis utrinque circiter 10,
indistinctis, vix anastomosantibus ; cymis axillaribus, solitariis
vel fasciculatis, pedunculatis, laxis, circiter 5 cm longis, multi-
floris; calycibus truncatis, 4 mm diametro; petalis latissime
ovatis, apiculatis, circiter 3.5 mm longis.
A small glabrous tree, the branches and branchlets terete,
light-gray, or the latter somewhat brownish. Leaves subelliptic
to broadly elliptic-ovate, thickly coriaceous, 9 to 18 cm long,
5 to 9 cm wide, rather pale yellowish-green when dry, some-
times subolivaceous, shining, the lower surface often a little
paler than the upper, narrowed at both ends, the base acute,
the apex with a stout, blunt acumen 1 cm long or less; lateral
nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, slender, indistinct,
not anastomosing, the reticulations obsolete; petioles stout, 2 to
3 mm long. Cymes axillary, solitary or fascicled, 4 to 6 cm
long, the peduncles and branches obscurely 4-angled, the former
2 to 3 cm long. Flowers numerous, rather laxly disposed, their
pedicels 3 to 4 mm long. Calyx broadly urceolate-scutelliform,
truncate, not toothed, 4 mm in diameter, about 3 mm long.
Petals orbicular-ovate, abruptly apiculate-acuminate, 3.5 to 4
mm long. Filaments 3.5 mm long; anthers 1.5 mm long.
Basilan, Bur. Sci. 16H6 Reillo (type), September, 1912, For. Bur.
18915 Miranda, September, 1912.
A species pi-obably most closely allied to Memecylon grande Retz., al-
though not referable to that species, judging from the descriptions avail-
able. It might conceivably be placed in the division indicated by Cog-
niaux with 1-nerved leaves, that is, those forms with the lateral nerves
obsolete or nearly so, in which case its alliance would be with M. inter-
218 The Philippine Journal of Science i9i3
medium Blume. Although the lateral nerves are indistinct and the reticu-
lations are obsolete, I am of the opinion that its proper place is near
M. grande Retz.
11. MEMECYLON Dl VERSI FOLI U IVI Presl Epim. (1851) 208; Triana in
Trans. Linn. Soc. 28 (1871) 156; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 90;
Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1149.
The type of this species was an unnumbered specimen from Cuming’s
Philippine collection, and authors subsequent to Presl have interpreted it
from PresTs description, not from an examination of his type specimen.
The description is inadequate, so that from it alone it is impossible prop-
erly to interprete the species. Dr. A. Pascher of Prague has kindly supplied
me with a leaf of the type specimen for examination. As this fragment
cannot exactly be matched by any of our abundant Philippine material, but
does closely resemble specimens of Memecylon caeruleum Jack, from the
Malay Peninsula, it is suspected that the type of Memecylon diversifolium
is really a part of Cuming’s No. 2322 which was from Malacca and not from
the Philippines. In the fragment examined the lateral nerves are not at all
prominent, while the leaves are sessile and cordate, so that the species
cannot be placed with the three Madagascar species in Cogniaux’s arrang-
ment, but falls naturally in the same group with M. caeruleum, under that
authors scheme of classification. The fragment is to be compared directly
with Cuming’s specimen of M. lutescens Presl =M. manillanum Naud.=M.
caeruleum Jack.
12. MEMECYLON AFFINE Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906)
52, Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 108.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Whitford J5J, For. Bur. 1336 Borden,
Merrill 3190, Leiberg 6059, For. Bur. 17318 Curran, Williams Jf25 : Prov-
ince of Rizal, Loher 621fl, 6261: Province of Bulacan, Bur. Sci. 13030
Ramos: Province of Zambales, Bur. Sci. 5075 Ramos.
This species is very closely allied to Meinecylon cumingii Naud. {M.
preslianum Triana) from which it differs chiefly in its smaller, f ewer-
nerved leaves. In shape, texture, etc., the leaves are quite similar, the ulti-
mate branchlets are terete, and the inflorescence is much as in M. cumingii,
although more often terminal than lateral, while in M. cmningii the inflores-
cence is mostly lateral, very rarely both lateral and terminal.
Var. LANC! FOLIUM var. nov.
A typo differt foliis lanceolatis, usque ad 9 cm longis, 1.5 ad
2.5 cm latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Merrill 2184: Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci.
2661 Ramos.
13. MEMECYLON CUMINGII Naud. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Ill 18 (1852) 273
(cummingii) •, Miq. FI. Ind. Bat. P (1855) 573; Walp. Ann. 4
(1857) 802.
Memecylon umbellatum Presl Epim. (1851) 208, non Burm. f.
Memecylon preslianum Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. 28 (1871) 157;
F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 90; Vid. Phan., Cuming. Philip. (1885)
114; Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1139.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 10753 Worcester: Province of
Tayabas, Cuming 760 (cotype of M. cumingii and M. preslianum) : Prov-
VIII, c, 4 Meirill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 219
ince of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 10006, 12017, 15080, 16613, 16655 Raynos. Po-
LILLO, Bur. Sci. 927It Robinson.
There is no apparent reason why Naudin’s specific name should not
be adopted, as it is not, according to the International Code of Botanical
Nomenclature, invalidated by M. cumingianum Presl. The use of both the
specific name cumingii and cumingianum to designate two different species
in the same genus might cause some confusion, but, as is shown in the
present paper, Presl’s Memecylon cumingianuyn is no longer valid, but
becomes a synonym of M. lanceolatum Blanco.
This characteristic endemic species, aside from its elongate, thickly
coriaceous, prominently nerved, cordate leaves, is distinguished from allied
forms by its somewhat brown-furfuraceous inflorescence and by its entirely
terete ultimate branchlets.
14. MEMECYLON PH AN EROPH LEBI U M sp. nov.
Arbor parva, inflorescentiis parcissime furfuraceis exceptis
glabra, ramis ramulisque teretibus ; foliis coriaceis, nitidis,
oblongis ad oblongo-ellipticis, sessilibus, usque ad 18 cm longis,
nervis submarginalibus prominentibus, nervis lateralibus circiter
20, anastomosantibus, apice acute acuminatis, basi cordatis;
cymis axillaribus, pedunculatis, solitariis, 2 ad 3 cm longis.
A small tree, about 5 m high, glabrous except the inflorescence.
Branches and branchlets terete, rather stout, brown. Leaves
sessile, oblong to oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, 13 to 18 cm long,
5 to 8 cm wide, base broadly rounded, cordate, apex rather
sharply but shortly acuminate, both surfaces shining when dry,
the upper olivaceous, the lower a little paler ; lateral nerves about
20 on each side of the midrib, prominent, brown, anastomosing
with the slightly arched submarginal nerves, the latter as prom-
inent as the lateral ones. Cymes solitary, axillary, peduncled,
2 to 3 cm long, slightly brown-furfuraceous, many-flowered,
the peduncles 1 cm long or less. Flowers umbellately disposed
on the ultimate branchlets, their pedicels 2 mm long, the brac-
teoles triangular-ovate, acute or acuminate, about 1 mm long.
Calyx about 3 mm in diameter, 2.5 mm high, broadly funnel-
shaped, truncate, not at all toothed. Petals broadly ovate, obtuse
or acute, 2 to 2.5 mm long.
Leyte, mountains back of Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15375 Ramos, August, 1912,
said to grow in the mossy forest.
A species manifestly very closely allied to Memecylon 'paniculatum
Jack, as here interpreted, but distinguished by its more numerously nerved
leaves and closer nerves.
15. MEMECYLON ELONGATUM sp. nov.
Arbor parva, glabra; ramulis quadrangulatis, quadrialatis ;
foliis crasse coriaceis, nitidis, oblongis vel anguste oblongis,
breviter acuminatis, sessilibus, basi angustata rotundato-subcor-
datis, 20 ad 35 cm longis, 3.5 ad 7 cm latis, nervis lateralibus
220 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
tenuibus, quam nervulae transversales non magis prominentibus ;
inflorescentiis axillaribus, circiter 3 cm longis, a rhachis basi
apiceque radiato-ramosis ; floribus in apice ramulorum umbe-
llatis.
A small tree, glabrous throughout. Branches stout, the older
ones terete, the younger ones 4-angled, the ultimate ones about
5 mm thick, 4-angled and distinctly 4-winged, the wings about
1.5 mm wide. Leaves narrowly oblong or oblong, thickly coria-
ceous, shining when dry, pale-brownish, 20 to 35 cm long, 3.5
to 7 cm wide, apex shortly acuminate, base somewhat narrowed,
narrowly subcordate- rounded ; transverse nerves 35 to 40,
straight, spreading, not prominent, not more distinct than are
the submarginal, slightly arcuate, longitudinal nerves, the mid-
rib prominent ; petioles almost obsolete, stout. Inflorescence
axillary, 3 cm long or less, radiately branched from the base
and also from the apex of the short rachis, the flowers purple,
in rather dense umbels at the thickened apices of the branches,
their pedicels 2 to 3 mm long. Calyx 2 mm in diameter.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur. 9383 Whitford
6 Hutchinson, January, 1908.
A species well characterized by its elongate, coriaceous leaves, which
are subsessile, narrowed and somewhat rounded-cordate at the base, and
by its numerous, not prominent lateral nerves which are about as promi-
nent as the submarginal longitudinal ones, and its prominently 4-winged
branchlets. It is allied to Memecylon paniculatum Jack, but is very different
from that species.
16. MEMECYLON LOHERI sp. nov.
Species M. venoso affinis, differt foliis minus crassioribus,
basi rotundatis vix cordatis, inflorescentiis longe graciliterque
pedunculatis, subsimplicibus, paucifloris, pedunculis gracilibus,
obscure angulatis.
An erect shrub or small tree, quite glabrous, the branches
terete, grayish-brown, slender, the branchlets usually brownish,
very slender, distinctly 4-angled. Leaves chartaceous, ovate to
oblong-ovate, 5 to 7 cm long, 2.5 to 3.5 cm wide, narrowed above
to the rather slender acumen, the base rather broadly rounded,
not cordate, somewhat shining when dry, usually olivaceous, not
brown, the lower surface somewhat paler than the upper; lateral
nerves prominent, slender, 7 to 10 on each side of the midrib,
anastomosing with the somewhat arched submarginal nerves,
the latter as prominent as the lateral ones; petioles 2 mm
long or less. Inflorescence axillary, solitary, long-peduncled,
cymose, the peduncles very slender, about 0.5 mm in diameter,
obscurely angled, 2.5 to 4 cm long, the branchlets subumbellately
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 221
arranged at the apex, the flower-bearing part of the inflorescence
1.5 cm long or less. Flowers rather few, small, pedicelled, their
pedicels 1 to 1.5 mm long, the subtending bracteoles about 0.5
mm long. Calyx funnel-shaped, about 2 mm long and wide,
truncate, obscurely 4-toothed. Petals 1.5 mm long. Buds
acute.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Oriud, Loher 6278 (type), August, 1905;
Mount Susong Dalaga, Bur. Sci. 1359U Ramos, August, 1911: Province of
Cagayan, Caua Volcano, R. N. Clark, August, 1908.
A characteristic species, similar to and manifestly allied to Memecylon
venosum, but readily distinguished by the characters indicated in the
diagnosis. The ultimate branchlets are 4-angled and narrowly 4-winged,
which places the species, according to Cogniaux’s arrangement, near M.
paniculatum Jack, to which M. loheri is otherwise not especially closely
allied.
17. MEMECYLON VENOSUM Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot.
154.
Mindanao, District of Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens U32, s. n..
For. Bur. 15U6U Pray: District of Zamboanga, Merrill 8100.
Endemic.
18. MEMECYLON CORDIFOLIUM sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, 2 ad 3 m altus, ramis teretibus, ramulis distincte
4-angulatis vel sulcatis ; foliis sessilibus, ovatis ad oblongo-
ovatis, coriaceis, 7 ad 10 cm longis, nitidis, sursum angustatis
acuminatisque, basi latissime rotundatis, distincte cordatis,
nervis utrinque circiter 10, distinctis, anastomosantibus, in-
florescentiis axillaribus terminalibusque, solitariis, subcapitatis,
paucifloris, pedunculo 1 ad 2 cm longo.
A glabrous shrub 2 to 3 m high, the branches terete, brown,
the branchlets slender, distinctly 4-angled or sulcate, not winged.
Leaves sessile, ovate to oblong-ovate, coriaceous, 7 to 10 cm long,
3 to 6 cm wide, narrowed from below the middle to the acumi-
nate apex, the base very broadly rounded, cordate, when dry
shining on both surfaces, the upper surface brownish-olivaceous,
the lower much paler ; lateral nerves about 10 on each side of the
midrib, slender, distinct but not particularly prominent, anas-
tomosing with the somewhat arched submarginal nerves, the
latter as prominent as the lateral ones. Inflorescence axillary
and terminal, solitary, peduncled, of very much reduced, sub-
capitate, few-flowered, simple cymes, the peduncles slender,
somewhat sulcate, not 4-angled, up to 2 cm long, the flower-
bearing part of the inflorescence subglobose, less than 1 cm in
diameter. Calyx cup-shaped, about 3 mm in diameter, trun-
cate, very obscurely 4-toothed, the pedicels at most 2 mm in
222
The Philippine Journal of Science ms
diameter, mostly arising from one or at most two places on the
peduncle.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Port Banga, For. Bur. 9383 Whitford
& Hutchinson, November, 1907.
A well marked species characterized by its sessile, rather pale, cordate,
acuminate leaves, and its much reduced, few-flowered cymes which are
subcapitate and at most 1 cm in diameter. It somewhat resembles some
forms of Memecylon affine Merr., but is not closely allied to that species,
being readily distinguished from it and its allied forms by its 4-angled,
not terete branchlets. Its true alliance seems to be with M. venosum
Merr., and M. paniculatum Jack, but it is very different from both.
19. MEMECYLON SUBCAUDATUM sp. nov.
Frutex 3 ad 4 m altus, inflorescentiis exceptis glaber, ramis
teretibus, ramulis tenuibus, brunneis, distincte 4-angulatis ;
foliis late lanceolatis, coriaceis, usque ad 10 cm longis, breviter
petiolatis, basi rotundatis subcordatisque, apice subcaudato-acu-
minatis, nervis utrinque circiter 15, distinctis, cum nervis sub-
marginalibus arcuato-anastomosantibus ; cymis axillaribus, soli-
tariis, paucifloris, circiter 2 cm longis,
A shrub 3 to 4 m high, glabrous except the inflorescence.
Branches slender, terete, brown, the branchlets similar but dis-
tinctly 4-angled. Leaves broadly lanceolate, coriaceous, shining
when dry, the upper surface pale-olivaceous, the lower pale-
brownish, 8 to 11 cm long, 2.5 to 4 cm wide, narrowed above to
the subcaudate-acuminate apex, somewhat narrowed below to the
rounded, slightly cordate base; lateral nerves about 15 on each
side of the midrib, prominent on the lower surface, anasto-
mosing with the arched, prominent, submarginal nerves, the
reticulations distinct, very lax; petioles stout, about 2 mm long.
Cymes solitary, in the axils of fallen leaves, few, about 2 cm
long, somewhat brown-furfuraceous, the peduncles about 1.5
cm long. Flowers few, their pedicels about 2 mm long, the
calyx immediately after anthesis distinctly urceolate, the limb
somewhat spreading, truncate, about 3 mm in diameter.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Mount Mahinog, Bur. Sci. H689 Ramos, April,
1912, in forests.
A species manifestly allied to Memecylon paniculatum Jack, but distin-
guished by its much smaller, slenderly acuminate, narrower leaves and
few-flowered cymes.
20. MEMECYLON SORSOGONENSE Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911)
1200.
Luzon, Province of Sorsogon, Elmer 7310. Leyte, Elmer 7361.
Manifestly allied to Memecylon cumingii Naud. (M. preslianum Triana),
which it resembles in vegetative characters, but from which it is distin-
guished by its mostly terminal, longer, quite glabrous, not at all furfur-
aceous inflorescence.
VIII, C, 4
Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I
223
21. MEMECYLON PAN ICU LATU M Jack in Malay Misc. 2 (1822) 62;
Hook. Comp. Bot. Mag. 1:219; Triana in Trans. Linn. Soc. 28
(1871) 157; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 90; Cogn. in DC. Monog.
Phan. 7 (1891) 1136.
Luzon, Province of Zambales, Hallier s. n.: Province of Bataan, Wil-
liams 326, 502, Whitford s. n.. For. Bur. 59Jf2 Curran: Province of Bataan,
Bur. Sci. 1010, U6U5, U57U Ramos, For. Bur. 3188 Ahern’s collector, Loher
6283: Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 9750 Robinson, For. Bur. 12693
Rosenbluth & Tamesis Mindoro, For. Bur. 3721, 61U7, 8658, 9972 Merritt,
Bur. Sci. 9i5 Mangubat, Merrill 560U. Negros, For. Bur. 15162 Tarrosa.
Mindanao, District of Lanao, Mrs. Clemens IHO: District of Zamboanga,
Merrill 8094.
The type of this species is probably not extant, and as I have not seen
the original description, or Hooker’s reprint of it, my conception of the
species is based on Cogniaux’s description. The form here considered as
referable to Jack’s species is widely distributed in the Philippines and is
characterized by its prominently 4-angled, slender, ultimate branchlets,
and its lateral inflorescence. In a note made by myself at Kew some years
ago, attached to one of the specimens cited above I have observed that our
Philippine material agrees better with Javan specimens {Zollinger 443)
than with Cuming 889 from the Philippines, both cited by Cogniaux as
representing Jack’s species. Memecylon calderense A. Gray, reduced to
M. 'paniculatum Jack by Cogniaux, certainly represents a specifically dis-
tinct form. Even removing this form from Memecylon jmniculatum Jack,
the material cited above, as representing Jack’s species, presents consider-
able variation.
22. MEMECYLON PALLIDUM sp. nov.
Species M. paniculate valde affinis, diifert foliis subtus pallidis
minute pustulatis, inflorescentiis cymosis sed floribus dense
aggregatis, ad apices ramulorum capitato dispositis.
A small tree, glabrous except the somewhat brown-furfura-
ceous inflorescence. Branches terete, brownish, the branchlets
slender, distinctly 4-angled, or near the uppermost node narrowly
winged. Leaves oblong to narrowly oblong-ovate, coriaceous,
12 to 18 cm long, 4 to 8 cm wide, pale and shining when dry, the
lower surface decidedly paler than the upper, minutely and
rather densely pustulate, the apex sharply acuminate, the base
broadly rounded, cordate; lateral nerves about 15 on each side
of the midrib, very prominent on the lower surface, anasto-
mosing with the somewhat arched, prominent, submarginal
nerves; petioles 2 mm long. Inflorescence axillary, solitary,
cymose, about 4 cm long, the peduncle 2 cm long or less and with
the radiating branches 4-angled and sparingly brown-lepidote,
the branches usually about 6, umbellately arranged, up to 1.8
cm long, each bearing at its apex a head of numerous pedicelled
flowers, the thickened apical part of the branches about 5 mm
in diameter. Pedicels 2 to 2.5 mm long. Calyx broadly funnel-
224
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
shaped, truncate, not at all toothed, 2 mm in diameter. Petals
about 1.3 mm long. Buds obtuse or broadly and obtusely
apiculate. Berry broadly ovoid, obtuse.
Basilan, Bur. Sci. 15^01 Reillo (type), August, 1912, in forests, Hallier
s. n., January, 1904 (sterile).
A species very similar to and manifestly closely allied to Memecylon
paniculatum Jack, as here interpreted, differing especially in its decidedly
pale leaves which are minutely pustulate on the lower surface, not entirely
smooth and brown as in the material referred to Jack’s species.
23. MEMECYLON CALDERENSE A. Gray Wilkes U. S. Explor. Exped.
15 (1854) 574, pi. 71; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 83.
Leyte, Elmer 724-6. Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Wilkes Expe-
dition in U. S. National Herbarium, Hallier s. n.. For. Bur. 9215 Whitford
& Hutchinson. Basilan, Hallier s. n.
This species, although manifestly allied to Memecylon paniculatum Jack,
is certainly specifically distinct. It is readily distinguished by its much
less prominently nerved leaves, the marginal nerves not at all prominent,
and its terete, or obscurely sulcate but not 4-angled ultimate branchlets.
It was reduced to Memecylon paniculatum Jack by Triana, in which he was
followed by Cogniaux. The type was from the small settlement of Cal-
dera a few miles north of Zamboanga, and between Zamboanga and San
Ramon.
24. MEMECYLON TERMINALIFLORUM Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911)
1198.
Palawan, Elmer 13060 (type collection). Doubtfully referable here
are also For. Bur. 13700 Curran, from Negros, and Bur. Sci. 13105 Fox-
worthy & Ramos, from Tayabas Province, Luzon.
The species is similar in many respects to Memecylon pteropus Merr.,
but differs essentially in its much shorter inflorescences, the peduncles and
branches grooved, not 4-angled, and not at all winged as in M. pteropus.
25. MEMECYLON PTEROPUS sp. nov.
Arbor parva, circiter 5 m alta, glabra ; ramis teretibus, ramu-
lis acute quadrangulatis, 4-alatis; foliis coriaceis, nitidis, ob-
longo-ovatis, brevissime petiolatis, basi late cordatis, apice
acuminatis, usque ad 13 cm longis, 3-nerviis, nervis transversa-
libus prominentibus, rectis, utrinque circiter 12; inflorescentiis
terminalibus, paniculatis, rhachibus ramulisque prominenter
4-alatis; fructibus globoso-ovoideis, purpureis, circiter 7 mm
diametro.
A small tree, quite glabrous, the branches terete, reddish-
brown, the branchlets sharply 4-angled, narrowly 4-winged, the
ultimate ones 2 to 3 mm in diameter. Leaves oblong-ovate,
coriaceous, shining, subsessile, the petioles 2 mm long or less,
the base broadly rounded-cordate, narrowed from the middle or
the lower third upward to the acuminate apex, 7 to 13 cm long,
3 to 13 cm wide; lateral longitudinal nerves distinct, slightly
VIII, c. 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 225
undulate, as prominent as the lateral transverse nerves, the
latter straight, about 12 on each side of the very prominent
midrib. Inflorescence paniculate, terminal, usually two tei^
minating each branchlet, one in each leaf-axil, in fruit up to
20 cm long, the peduncle 10 cm long or more, prominently and
thinly 4-winged, the branches few, spreading, whorled, the lower
ones about 5 cm long, 4-winged. Flowers unknown. Fruit
purple, globose-ovoid, about 7 mm in diameter.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, Bur. Sci. 138^6 Ramos,
January, 1912, in forests near Dabba.
A species similar to Memecylon affine Merr., M. payiiculatum Jack, M.
preslianum Triana, etc., but well characterized by its thinly but promi-
nently 4-winged elongate rachis of the inflorescence.
26. MEMECYLON SESSI LI FOLI U M Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 5 (1910)
Bot. 209.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 22155 Alvarez, December,
1910: Province of Camarines, For. Bur. 1873^. Darling, April, 1910.
A very characteristic endemic species.
27. MEMECYLON DENSIFLORUM Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908)
Bot. 248.
Memecylon palawanense Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1197.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 18^82 Alvarez: Province of
Rizal, Loher 6031, 6032, 6239: Province of Tayabas, For. Bur. 1869i
Darling. Polillo, Bur. Sci. 10259 McGregor. Mindoro, For. Bur. 5323,
5J/.32, 5509 Merritt, Merrill 2251. Palawan, Elmer 13235 (type number
of M. palawanense). Leyte, For. Bur. 127^0 Rosenhluth. Mindanao,
Province of Surigao, Bolster 368 (type), Ahern 515: District of Lanao,
Mrs. Clemens s. n.: District of Zamboanga, Bur. Sci. 16380 Reillo, For.
Bur. 9il8, 9187, 9189, 9^55 Whitford & Hutchinson.
The species as here interpreted shows considerable variation, but the
variation is chiefly in the size of the leaves, the maximum size in the
specimens here referred to M. densifiorum being about 10 cm long and 4
cm wide; in the type and in M. palawanense they are much smaller, 5.5
cm long and 2.5 cm wide, but in the abundant material available all inter-
grades can be found between the sizes indicated above. The flowers are
sometimes fascicled, sometimes in short-peduncled cymes, both types being
usually found on the same specimen. The ultimate branchlets are usually
distinctly 4-angled, sometimes, however, merely sulcate on two sides and
not evidently angled, as in M. palawanense; all intergrades occur. The
types of M. densifiorum and M. jmlawanense are not absolutely identical,
but I have not detected sufficient constant differences to warrant keeping
them separate.
28. MEMECYLON OBTUSIFOLIUM sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, circiter 3 m altus, ramis teretibus, ramulis
junioribus distincte sulcatis, baud 4-angulatis; foliis petiolatis,
crasse coriaceis, obovatis ad oblongo-obovatis, usque ad 4 cm
longis, apice late rotundatis, interdum retusis, vel obtusis, basi
226 The Philippine Journal of Science lois
angustatis, acutis, nervis lateralibus obsoletis; inflorescentiis ut
videtur cymosis, brevissime pedunculatis, axillaribus, quam
petioli vix longioribus; fructibus depresso-globosis, 5 mm diam-
etro.
An erect glabrous shrub about 3 m high, the branches terete,
the branchlets slender, distinctly sulcate on two sides, not 4-
angled or winged. Leaves thickly coriaceous, brown when dry,
somewhat shining, the lower surface a little paler than the
upper one, obovate to oblong-obovate, 2.5 to 4 cm long, 1.5 to
2.5 cm wide, the apex broadly rounded, sometimes retuse, or
obtuse, narrowed below to the acute base, the margins somewhat
revolute when dry; nerves obsolete; petioles 2 to 4 mm long.
Flowers unknown. Peduncles axillary, solitary, 2 to 3 mm
long, the whole inflorescence apparently scarcely exceeding the
petioles in length. Fruit depressed-globose, 5 mm in diameter.
Luzon, Province of Pangasinan, Equia, For. Bur. 8295 Curran & Mer-
ritt, December, 1907, on dry ridges, altitude about 200 m.
A well marked species, characterized by its obovate, nerveless, rounded
or obtuse leaves and its very short inflorescence.
29. MEMECYLON GRACILIPES C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 6 (1911)
Bot. 353.
Luzon, Province of Ilocos Norte, Bur. Sci. 7753 Ramos.
Endemic.
30. MEMECYLON REVOLUTUM sp. nov.
Arbor parva, glabra, circiter 4 m alta, ramis ramulisque
teretibus; foliis ellipticis, crasse coriaceis, nitidis, usque ad 10
cm longis, basi late rotundatis, apice obtusis vel late brevissime
acuminatis, breviter petiolatis, margine revolutis, nervis utrin-
que circiter 7, obscuris; inflorescentiis axillaribus, solitariis,
circiter 2.5 cm longis, subumbellatim ramosis, floribus paucis,
umbellatis; fructibus ovoideis vel subglobosis, circiter 6 mm
diametro.
A small glabrous tree, about 4 m high, the branches and
branchlets reddish-brown, terete. Leaves thickly coriaceous,
elliptic, 5 to 10 cm long, 3 to 6.5 cm wide, the upper surface
strongly shining, the lower of nearly the same color but dull,
the base broadly rounded, the apex obtuse or more usually very
shortly and broadly acuminate, the margins distinctly revolute;
nerves obscure, about 7 on each side of the midrib, sometimes
nearly obsolete, at other times evident, very obscurely anasto-
mosing, the reticulations obsolete; petioles stout, 2 to 3 mm
long. Inflorescence axillary, solitary, peduncled, about 2.5 cm
long, glabrous, few-flowered, the peduncles bearing usually
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 227
three, short, umbellately arranged branches at its apex, the
branches bearing the umbellately arranged flowers, the pedicels
about 2 mm long. Fruit purple, ovoid or subglobose, about 6 mm
in diameter.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug, near the beach on sand-dunes.
For. Bur. 17105 Curran, February, 1909, For. Bur. 13055 Wood (type),
January, 1912.
A species well distinguished by its elliptic, thickly coriaceous leaves,
which have their margins distinctly recurved.
EXCLUDED SPECIES
Memecylon manillanum Naud. in Ann. Sci. Nat. Ill 18 (1852) 276; Miq.
FI. Ind. Bat. F (1855) 516; Walp. Ann. 4 (1857) 803.
The type of this species was Cuming 2322, from Malacca, not from the
Philippines. It is a synonym of M. caeruleum Jack. M. diversifolium Presl,
discussed above, is probably also referable here.
The following species were erroneously credited to the Philippines by
F.-Villar.'* The known range for each is given, but none of them are
definitely known to occur in the Philippines.
Memecylon costatum Miq. Malay Peninsula, Java, Sumatra, Borneo.
Memecylon elegans Kurz. Andaman Islands.
Memecylon amplexicaule Roxb. Malay Peninsula, Penang.
Memecylon macrophyllum Thwaites. Ceylon.
Memecylon acuminatum Smith. Malay Peninsula.
Memecylon grande Retz. Ceylon and India; extending to the Malay Penin-
sula, as interpreted by Cogniaux.
Memecylon laevigatum Blume. Burma, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Java,
Sumatra, etc.
Memecylon caeruleum Jack. Tenasserim, Malay Peninsula.
Memecylon terminale Dalz. India.
B. New Species of Medinilla
The genus Medinilla in the Philippines is remarkably developed
in the number of species, and presents a very interesting group
in the diversity of its forms, and in their geographic distri-
bution. In the year 1905 I published an enumeration of the
known Philippine species,^® with a key to facilitate their deter-
mination. This treatment, however, is now entirely obsolete,
for at that time but twenty-one species were known from the
Archipelago, about one-half of which were proposed as new in
the paper above mentioned.
As the botanical exploration of the Philippines has pro-
gressed, an enormous number of previously undescribed species
have been discovered in most of the larger families of plants
“Novis. App. (1880) 189, 190.
“Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 33-38.
228 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
that are found in the Archipelago. Collections have been made
in most of the larger islands, and it has been very rare that any
comprehensive collection received at the Bureau of Science has
failed to present some new form or forms of Medinilla. While
a few species of the genus are of wide Philippine distribution,
such as Medinilla myrtiformis Triana, M. raniiflora Merr. (per-
haps both best considered under the genus Anplectrum) , and
M. astronioides Triana, others are very local, and a very large
number of species are known but from a single locality. Most
species are found at medium and higher altitudes, and almost
without exception in the forested regions. Very few species
are found at low altitudes, and then only in those regions having
a heavy and continuously distributed rainfall. Most of the
species are terrestrial, but a number are found in the mossy
forests as true or facultative epiphytes.
At the present time, including the forms considered below,
about 100 species have been described from Philippine material,
more than are known otherwise in the entire genus over its
extended range from tropical eastern Africa, the Mascarene
Islands, India, Malaya, the Marianne Islands, and Polynesia.
The number of Philippine forms will certainly be considerably
increased as exploration progresses, for at the present time
there are several very distinct forms in the collections of the
Bureau of Science, represented by imperfect material, which
cannot be referred to any described species, while collections
recently received present still additional apparently new forms
which will be studied later.
With the exception of two or three species, it seems to be
evident that practically all the Philippine forms are endemic,
but in spite of the very high percentage of endemism, it is
apparent that the Archipelago presents a center of distribution
for the genus. The genus is not particularly highly developed
in the Malay Peninsula (12 species), or in Java (18 species),
and so far as the flora of Borneo is concerned (17 species) it
apparently agrees with that of Java and of the Malay Peninsula
in having comparatively few representatives of the genus. Com-
paratively speaking, however, the flora of Borneo is very im-
perfectly known, and the same is true of the islands to the
south and southeast of the Philippines, so that any conclusions
drawn from the present known range of Philippine species may
later have to be radically revised when the neighboring islands
are botanically more thoroughly explored. It is suspected, how-
ever, that Borneo will eventually yield a great many additional
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, 1 229
species, and that still more will be discovered in the islands to
the south of the Philippines. In an additional paper of this
series it is hoped that later the entire genus, as to its Philippine
representatives, can be considered, with detailed information
as to the occurrence and range of the various species and with
a key to all forms.
In the following paper the species have been roughly arranged
according to the distinctive characters selected by Cogniaux for
grouping the forms. All belong in the section Eumedinilla.
A. Entirely glabrous (species 1-19)
INFLORESCENCE AXILLARY (species 1-12)
LEAVES WHORLED (SPECIES 1-C)
1. MEDINILLA DUODECANDRA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens glaber, ramis ramulisque teretibus; foliis
verticillatis, ovato-ellipticis, usque ad 13 cm longis, petiolatis, bre-
vissime apiculato-acuminatis, basi acutis vel acuminatis, 7-pliner-
viis, in siccitate submembranaceis vel chartaceis ; cymis axillari-
bus, solitariis vel fasciculatis, brevibus, paucifloris; floribus 6-
meris ; staminibus 12, valde inaequalibus.
A scandent shrub reaching a height of 9 m, glabrous through-
out. Branches and branchlets terete, light-gray or somewhat
brownish. Leaves verticillate, 3 or 4 at each node, ovate-ellip-
tic, 7 to 13 cm long, 4.5 to 6.5 cm wide, when dry somewhat
shining, the upper surface darker in color than the lower, sub-
membranaceous or chartaceous, apex very abruptly apiculate-
acuminate, base acute or somewhat decurrent-acuminate, 7-pli-
nerved, the two inner pairs of nerves more prominent than the
outer pair and reaching to the apex of the leaf ; petioles 1.5 to
2.5 cm long. Cymes axillary, solitary or several at each node,
few-flowered, less than 4 cm in length, the bracts and bracteoles
none or very early deciduous; pedicels up to 1 cm in length,
slender. Calyx cup-shaped or broadly urceolate, truncate, about
4 mm long. Petals 6, pink, obliquely oblong-obovate, about 1.5
cm long, 9 mm wide. Stamens 12, in two rows, very unequal,
the longer 6 about 23 mm in length, the shorter six 15 mm long ;
anthers of the longer stamens slender, the appendage produced
about 2.5 mm below the cells, there with a slender dorsal spur
about 2 mm long, slightly thickened at its apex, and with two
anterior obtuse appendages less than 1 mm long ; anthers of the
short stamens stouter than those of the long ones, the connective
not produced at the base, the dorsal spur slender, thickened at
119145 3
230 Philippine Journal of Science isis
the end, 2.5 mm long, the anterior appendages oblong, about 1.5
mm long.
Mindanao, Butuan Subprovince, Mount Hilong-Hilong, Weber 1010,
March 15, 1911 in forests, altitude about 150 m.
A species manifestly very closely allied to Medinilla verticillata Merr.,
differing chiefly in its 6-merous flowers. It is possible that a large series
of specimens would show the form here described to be specifically iden-
tical with M. verticillata, with a range of floral organs from 4-merous to
6-merous, for Mr. Elmer’s field notes state that in the type of the latter
species about one-half of the flowers had 4 petals and 4-celled ovaries, and
the other half 5 petals and 5-celled ovaries. I have, however, seen no
5-merous and 6-merous flowers on the same plant, and they may not occur.
All the flowers examined on Weber’s specimens were 6-merous. In habit,
all vegetative characters, inflorescence, the unequal stamens and especially
in the peculiar downward prolongation of the connectives of the long anthers,
the two species are practically identical.
2. MEDINILLA MEARNSII sp. nov.
Frutex scandens, glaber, ramulis teretibus; foliis verticillatis,
ut videtur ternis, ovatis, usque ad 15 cm longis, 5-plinerviis,
breviter acuminatis, basi late rotundatis, petiole 3 ad 4 cm longo ;
floribus 5-meris, axillaribus, breviter pedunculatis.
A scandent glabrous shrub, the branches and branchlets
terete. Leaves verticillate, usually 3 at each node, sometimes 4,
coriaceous, ovate, 12 to 15 cm long, 6 to 8 cm wide, shortly and
abruptly acuminate, base broadly rounded, 5-plinerved, the two
interior nerves very prominent, reaching the apex of the leaf,
the outer pair much fainter, extending to about the middle of
the leaf, the reticulations obsolete; petioles rather stout, 3 to
4 cm long. Inflorescence shortly peduncled, axillary, apparently
having very few flowers, in the one observed the peduncle about
5 mm long. Mature buds ellipsoid, the calyx about 12 mm
long, truncate. Petals 5.
Mindanao, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. 1^685
Mearns & Hutchinson, May 16, 1906, in forests, altitude about 1000 m.
A species manifestly allied to Medinilla verticillata Merr., differing
especially in its leaves being broad and rounded at the base, not acute,
with longer petioles, and its larger flowers.
3. MEDINILLA ROLFEI sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, ramis ramulisque teretibus, tenuibus; foliis
verticillatis, quarternis, subcoriaceis, oblongo-ellipticis, acumi-
natis, basi acutis, petiolatis, usque ad 5 cm longis, triplinervis ;
inflorescentiis e axillis defoliatis, paucifloris, pedunculis ebrac-
teolatis, 2 ad 3 cm longis ; floribus 5-meris, petalis 15 mm longis.
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 231
A glabrous shrub, apparently erect, terrestrial. Branches
and branchlets slender, terete. Leaves whorled, 4 at each node,
subcoriaceous, oblong-elliptic, 3.5 to 5 cm long, dull when dry,
of about the same color on both surfaces or the upper surface
somewhat olivaceous, the lower brownish, base narrowed, acute,
apex shortly acuminate; nerves 3, the lateral pair leaving the
midrib about 2 mm above the base, continuing to the apex,
reticulations obsolete; petioles 5 to 8 mm long. Inflorescence
from the axils of fallen leaves, slender, few flowered, ebracteo-
late, the peduncles very slender, 2 to 2.5 cm long; pedicels 5
mm long. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx cup-shaped, truncate,
minutely 5-denticulate, about 6 mm long. Petals 5, obliquely
obovate, 15 mm long. Stamens 10, subequal; filaments 5.5 mm
long; anthers lanceolate, somewhat curved, acuminate, 6 mm
long, dorsal spur slender, curved, nearly 1 mm long, the anterior
appendages stout, thickened, incurved, about 1.2 mm long.
Negros, Mount Silay, Whitford 1500, May, 1906, common on exposed
ridges at an altitude of about 1100 m.
A species well characterized by its verticillate, small, 3-plinerved leaves,
and comparatively large, 5-merous flowers. Dedicated to Mr. R. A. Rolfe
of the Kew Herbarium who has done much work on the Philippine Flora.
4. MEDINILLA MIRANDAE sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, ut videtur erectus, ramis ramulisque teretibus ;
foliis verticillatis, quarternis, oblongo-ellipticis vel anguste
oblongo-ovatis, usque ad 18 cm longis, 3-, rariter 5-plinerviis,
basi acutis, apice breviter acuminatis ; inflorescentiis lateralibus,
brevibus, paucifloris, pedunculis baud 1 cm longis; fructibus
ampulliformibus, 1.5 cm longis, truncatis, 5-locellatis.
A glabrous shrub, apparently erect, the branches and branch-
lets terete. Leaves verticillate, 4 at each node, chartaceous or
subcoriaceous when dry, apparently much thicker when fresh,
slightly shining, the lower surface a little paler than the upper,
oblong-elliptic to narrowly oblong-obovate, 11 to 18 cm long,
4 to 7 cm wide, narrowed below to the acute base, the apex
rather abruptly and shortly acuminate ; nerves 1, rarely 2 pairs,
prominent, leaving the midrib at from 1.5 to 3 cm above the
base, anastomosing with the midrib below the apex, the addi-
tional outer pair, when present, much fainter, disappearing at
about the middle of the leaf, reticulations none, or very indis-
tinct; petioles 1 to 3 cm long. Inflorescence at the nodes on
the branches below the leaves, the peduncles less than 1 cm long,
bearing a few umbellately arranged flowers at the apex.
Flowers not seen. Fruit more or less urceolate, pink, about 1.3
232 The Philippine Joumal of Science 1913
cm long, about 1 cm in diameter below the middle, the calyx-rim
persistent, truncate, much produced above the fruit.
Basilan, summit of Mount Calvario, For. Bur. 18922 Miranda, Sep-
tember, 1912.
A species very similar to Medinilla curranii Merr., and M. subumbellata
Merr., differing from the former in its 5-celled, not 4-celled ovary, and
from the latter in its larger, 5-celled, not 6-celled fruits, and larger leaves.
From Medinilla verticillata Merr., another closely allied form, it differs
in its 3-plinerved, not prominently 5-plinerved leaves, solitary, not fas-
cicled inflorescences, and other characters. All four species are character-
ized by their more or less similar vegetative characters, and very short,
few-flowered, lateral inflorescences.
5. MEDINILLA SUBUMBELLATA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens, epiphyticus, glaber ; ramulis teretibus ;
foliis verticillatis, ternis vel quarternis, subcoriaceis, obovatis,
basi angustatis, acutis, triplinerviis, apice obtusis, apiculatis vel
brevissime acuminatis, petiolatis; inflorescentiis axillaribus, so-
litariis vel fasciculatis, circiter 2 cm longis, pedunculatis ; fruc-
tibus ampulliformibus, circiter 1 cm longis, subumbellatim dis-
positis, 6-locellatis.
A scandent, epiphytic, glabrous shrub, the branches and
branchlets terete. Leaves verticillate, usually 4, sometimes 3
at each node, obovate to oblong-obovate, coriaceous or sub-
coriaceous, rather pale when dry, slightly shining, 9 to 12 cm
long, 4 to 6 cm wide, the apex broad and rounded and with a short
apiculus or very shortly acuminate, base narrowed, acute ; nerves
3, the lateral pair leaving the midrib about 1 cm above the base,
nearly as prominent as the midrib and anastomosing with it at
the apex, the reticulations obsolete; petioles about 1.5 cm long.
Inflorescence solitary or fascicled in the axils of fallen leaves,
the peduncles 1 cm long or less. Flowers unknown. Fruit
fleshy, ampulliform, dark-red when mature, truncate, 8 to 10
mm long, 2 to 5 umbellately arranged at the apex of each pe-
duncle, 6-celled.
Mindoro, Mount Halcon, Merrill 5660, November 10, 1906, in forests,
altitude about 700 m.
A species manifestly allied to Medinilla verticillata Merr., and to M.
curranii Merr., differing from both in its fewer-nerved leaves, and in
its 6-celled fruits. M. verticillata has 5-merous flowers, while M. curranii
has 4-merous ones.
6. MEDINILLA LATERALIS sp. nov.
Frutex epiphyticus glaber, ramulis anguste 4-alatis, nodis
dense setosis; foliis ternis, oblongo-ellipticis, breviter petiolatis,
circiter 20 cm longis, utrinque angustatis, basi acutis, apice
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 233
acute acuminatis, 7-plinerviis ; paniculis axillaribus, longe pe-
dunculatis, usque ad 40 cm longis ; floribus 4-meris.
An epiphytic glabrous shrub, the branchlets 4 to 5 mm thick,
somewhat 4-angled, narrowly 4-winged, the nodes very densely
setose. Leaves opposite, oblong-elliptic, about 20 cm long, 8
to 9 cm wide, coriaceous, somewhat shining when dry, of the
same color on both surfaces or the upper surface paler, narrowed
at both ends, base acute, apex shortly and sharply acuminate;
midrib very prominent at the base, the nerves 7, as prominent
as the upper part of the midrib, the inner pair leaving the
midrib 2.5 to 3 cm above the base and reaching the apex of the
leaf, the next outer pair leaving the midrib about 1.5 cm below
the upper pair, reaching about three-fourths to the apex, there
becoming obsolete or very faint, the outer pair fainter, not
reaching beyond the middle of the leaf, reticulations obsolete;
petioles stout, about 8 mm long. Inflorescence lateral, from
the axils of fallen leaves, solitary, pendulous, the peduncle about
20 cm long, the panicle proper about as long as the peduncle,
the branches verticillate, about 4-nate, the lower ones 10 cm
long or less, verticils distant, the branches of the panicle sub-
tended by ovate, acuminate, 7 to 8 mm long bracts. Flowers
pink, 4-merous. Calyx urceolate, truncate, about 6 mm long, the
limb produced above the ovary, marked on the outside by 4
minute projections corresponding to teeth. Petals obliquely
obovate, 13 mm long. Stamens 8, equal; filaments 6 mm long;
anthers lanceolate, acuminate, 7 mm long, the dorsal appendage
slender, 0.5 mm long, the anterior ones ovoid, stout, blunt,
about 1.4 mm long.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains back of San
Ramon, Merrill 8292, November 28, 1911, epiphytic, in forests, altitude
about 1,100 m.
A species well characterized by its ternate leaves, narrowly winged
branchlets, and lateral, very long-peduncled panicles. It has no close allies
among the Philippine species with verticillate leaves and lateral inflores-
cence.
LEAVES OPPOSITE (SPECIES 7-12)
7. MEDINILLA CAM I GU I N ENSIS sp. nov.
Frutex ut videtur scandens M. vanoverberghii affinis, differ!
nodis baud setoso-barbatis, foliis sessilibus, apice breviter
abrupteque acuminatis vix rotundatis, basi 7-plinerviis.
Apparently a scandent shrub, glabrous throughout. Branches
terete, light-gray, about 6 mm in diameter, the nodes gla-
brous. Leaves opposite, chartaceous, sessile, broadly elliptic to
234 The Philippine Journal of Science i9i3
elliptic-ovate, 10 to 23 cm long, 8 to 14 cm wide, shining and of
about the same color on both surfaces when dry, the base broadly
rounded, the apex shortly and abruptly acuminate; base 7-pli-
nerved, the outermost pair more slender than the inner ones,
reaching to the middle or above, the inner two pairs reaching the
apex of the leaf, the innermost pair leaving the midrib 2 to 2.5
cm above the base, the reticulations or cross-veinlets few, very
distant, or obsolete. Panicles axillary, solitary, pendulous, up
to 50 cm in length, the branches whorled, the lower ones up
to 14 cm long, the whorls few, distant. Flowers 4-merous,
pink, subumbellately arranged on the ultimate branchlets, few,
their pedicels slender, 8 to 10 mm long, the bracts none or small
and very early deciduous. Calyx cup-shaped, truncate, 4 mm
long. Petals obliquely obovate, 8 mm long. Stamens 8, sub-
equal, their filaments 4.5 mm long, the anthers lanceolate, acu-
minate, as long as the filaments, the posterior basal appendage
less than 0.5 mm long, the anterior two short, stout, curved.
Fruit purple, fieshy, about 8 mm in diameter.
Camiguin de Mindanao, on damp slopes in forests, old volcano. Bur. Sci.
H639 Ramos, March 29, 1912.
A species manifestly allied to Medinilla vanoverherghii Merr., of Luzon,
distinguished by the characters given in the diagnosis.
8. MEDINILLA SESSILIFOLIA sp. nov.
Frutex epiphyticus glaber, ramulis ut videtur carnosis, in
siccitate plus minusve compressis; foliis oppositis, sessilibus,
in siccitate membranaceis, obovatis ad obovato-ellipticis, usque
ad 20 cm longis, apice brevissime acuminatis, basi angustatis,
obtusis, 3-plinerviis, reticulis distinctis, laxissimis; infiorescen-
tiis brevibus, paucifioris, e ramis defoliatis; fructibus succulen-
tis, 4-locellatis, ovoideis, truncatis, circiter 8 mm diametro.
An epiphytic glabrous shrub, apparently scandent, the branches
stout, emitting numerous short roots, the branchlets apparently
succulent when fresh, more or less compressed and about 6 mm
wide when dry. Leaves opposite, sessile, obovate to obovate-
elliptic, 11 to 20 cm long, 6 to 12 cm wide, when fresh apparently
coriaceous, when dry thinly membranaceous, shining, of the
same color on both surfaces, the apex abruptly and shortly
acuminate to nearly rounded, the base narrowed, obtuse, 3-pli-
nerved, the lateral nerves stout, prominent, leaving the very
stout midrib 1 to 2 cm above the base and extending to the apex,
the reticulations distinct, very lax. Flowers not seen, the in-
florescences numerous, scattered along the branches below the
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, 1 235
leaves, few-flowered, usually fascicled, about 1 cm long, appar-
ently ebracteate. Fruit red, very soft and fleshy, when dry
about 8 mm long, ovoid, truncate, 4-celled.
Basilan, Cumalarang, Bur. Sci. 16H5 Reillo, August 22, 1912, in forests.
A very characteristic species, at once distinguishable by its sessile leaves,
a character very unusual in the genus.
9. MEDINILLA WEBERI sp. nov.
Frutex erectus, glaber, circiter 1 m altus; ramulis gracilibus,
teretibus; foliis oppositis, subsessilibus, usque ad 12 cm longis,
oblongo-ovatis, valde acuminatis, margine superne distanter den-
ticulatis, basi cordatis, 5-plinerviis, nervis exterioribus tenuibus ;
floribus 4-meris, axillaribus et in axillis defoliatis, in cymis
abbreviatis congestis dispositis.
An erect glabrous shrub about 1 m high. Branches slender,
terete, usually with thin, reddish-brown, somewhat papery and
flaky bark. Leaves opposite, subsessile, 8 to 12 cm long, 3 to 5
cm wide, subcoriaceous, dull when dry, of about the same color
on both surfaces, the base rounded and somewhat cordate, the
apex narrowly subcaudate-acuminate, the acumen blunt, the
margins, especially above the middle, with distant, small, sub-
glandular teeth; nerves 5, leaving the midrib just above the
base, the inner pair prominent, reaching the apex of the leaf,
the outer pair faint, sometimes nearly wanting, not reaching
above the middle of the leaf; petiole stout, 2 mm long or less.
Cymes axillary and in the axils of fallen leaves, usually solitary,
few-flowered, congested, short, less than 1 cm long ; bracts
narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm long; bracteoles similar
but only 2 mm long. Flowers unknown. Berry globose or ovoid,
red, about 5 mm in diameter, 4-celled, the calyx-limb slightly
produced, 4-toothed, the teeth narrowly lanceolate, sharply acumi-
nate, 1 to 1.2 mm long.
Mindanao, Butuan Subprovince, Mount Hilong-Hilong, Weber 1009,
March 28, 1911, growing in rocky soil in forests, altitude about 400 m.
A species similar and allied to Medinilla cardiophylla Merr., M. rami-
flora Merr., and M. myrtiformis Triana, but distinguished from all by its
congested, very short cymes.
10. MEDINILLA PINNATINERVIA sp. nov.
Frutex ut videtur scandens, ramulis longissime ciliato-setosis
exceptis glaber; foliis oblongis ad oblongo-ellipticis, chartaceis
vel subcoriaceis, oppositis, in paribus subaequalibus, acutis vel
acuminatis, basi acutis, petiolatis, usque ad 25 cm longis, pen-
ninerviis, nervis utrinque 4, prominentibus, distantibus, curvato-
236
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
adcendentibus, nervis secundariis prominentibus, laxis, subparal-
lelis; inflorescentiis caulifloris, racemosis, racemis solitariis vel
fasciculatis, pedicellis tenuibus, elongatis, articulatis, minutis-
sime bibracteolatis ; floribus 4-meris, calycibus truncatis.
Apparently a scandent shrub, glabrous except for the long
ciliate-setose hairs on the branchlets, and occasionally a very
few on the petioles and the lower surface of the leaves, these
hairs brownish, 3 to 4 mm long. Branches terete, rather slender,
brownish. Leaves opposite, those of each pair subequal, oblong
to oblong-elliptic, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, shining, of about
the same color on both surfaces when dry or somewhat brownish
beneath, 20 to 25 cm long, 7 to 9 cm wide, apex acuminate or
sharply acute, base acute, sometimes a little inequilateral ; nerves
4 pairs, leaving the midrib below the middle, pinnately arranged,
curved-ascending, the upper pair reaching the apex of the leaf,
the reticulations or secondary nerves lax, prominent, subparallel ;
petioles about 3 cm long. Inflorescence from the stems below
the leaves, of many-flowered, short, rather dense, solitary or fas-
cicled racemes 5 cm long or less, the pedicels slender, reddish, as-
cending, persistent, numerous, about 2 cm long, jointed at about
the middle, there with a pair of minute bracteoles. Flowers
unknown. Fruit red or purplish, fleshy, somewhat urceolate,
about 8 mm long, the fruit proper globose or globose-ovoid,
glabrous, the calyx-limb produced, about 3 mm long, truncate,
the teeth represented by 4 slender ridges on the outside.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, on a fallen tree, in forest.
Bur. Sci. 13998 Ramos, February, 1912; Pamplona, Bur. Sci. 7Jf83 Ramos,
March, 1909, in forests.
A very characteristic species apparently allied to Medinilla loheri Merr.,
and to M. disparifolia C. B. Rob., Avell characterized by its cauline, race-
mose inflorescence, the pedicels very slender, straight, stiff, and jointed in
the middle, as well as by its pinnately veined leaves. Possibly not a
species of the genus, which can only be determined by an examination of
the flowers, the latter being at present unknown.
11. MEDINILLA GRACILIPES sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, ramulis teretibus, nodis vix setosis; foliis op-
positis, lanceolatis vel oblongo-lanceolatis, petiolatis, acuminatis,
usque ad 10 cm longis, basi triplinerviis ; inflorescentiis e axillis
defoliatis, pendulis, pedunculis gracilibus, 15 cm longis, pani-
culis laxis, ramis verticillatis ; fructibus ut videtur 4-locellatis.
A glabrous shrub, erect or scandent, the branches and branch-
lets slender, terete, the ultimate ones 1.5 mm in diameter or less,
the nodes not setose. Leaves opposite, lanceolate or oblong-
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 237
lanceolate, rather pale, of about the same color on both surfaces
and slightly shining when dry, 7 to 10 cm long, 2 to 3 cm wide,
base acute, apex rather slenderly acuminate; nerves 3, leaving
the midrib about 5 mm above the base, extending to the apex,
distinct, the lateral ones as prominent as the midrib, the reticu-
lations obsolete ; petioles 1 to 1.5 cm long. Inflorescence solitary,
from the axils of fallen leaves on the branches, pendulous, the
peduncle slender, up to 15 cm in length, the panicle proper (in
fruit) lax, 15 cm long, the branches verticillate, spreading, about
3 at each node, the lower ones about 2 cm long and again
branched, the verticils distant; bracts linear-lanceolate, about 2
mm long. Flowers unknown. Fruit ovoid, truncate, 5 to 6
mm long, apparently 4-celled, the pedicels 1 to 1.5 cm long.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Angilog, Loher 6275, March, 1906.
A very characteristic species, especially distinguished by its oblong to
lanceolate, acuminate, petioled, 3-plinerved leaves, and its lateral, very
long peduncled infructescence.
12. MEDINILLA MEGACARPA sp. nov.
Frutex epiphyticus, scandens (?), glaber, ramis ramulisque
teretibus ; foliis oppositis, petiolatis, coriaceis, ovatis ad elliptico-
ovatis, usque ad 10 cm longis, in siccitate supra viridibus, subtus
brunneis, apice subrotundatis, basi rotundatis, 5-plinerviis ; inflo-
rescentiis lateralibus, e axillis defoliatis, ut videtur paucifloris,
brevibus; fructibus circiter 1.5 cm longis, truncatis, 5-locellatis.
An epiphytic shrub, probably scandent, glabrous, the branches
and branchlets terete. Leaves opposite, ovate to elliptic-ovate,
coriaceous, brittle when dry, 7 to 10 cm long, 4 to 6 cm wide,
when dry the lower surface dark-brown, the upper surface green,
slightly shining, apex somewhat rounded, base rounded, 5-
plinerved, both pairs of lateral nerves reaching the apex of the
leaf, nearly as prominent as the midrib, the outer pair leaving
the midrib near the base, the inner pair at from 1 to 1.5 cm
above the base, the transverse reticulations indistinct; petioles
2 to 3 cm long. Inflorescence axillary, in the axils of fallen
leaves, short, few-flowered. Flowers unknown. Fruit solitary,
the peduncle 1 cm long or less, ovoid or cup-shaped, truncate,
nearly 1.5 cm long, 5-celled.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 10977 Ramos,
August, 1911, in forests.
A species well characterized by its large fruits and by its leaves being
green above and dark-brown beneath when dry; allied to Medinilla coriacea
Merr., but very different from that species.
238 The Philippine Journal of Science i9is
INFLORESCENCE TERMINAL (SPECIES 13-19)
FLOWERS 5-MEROUS (SPECIES 13, 14)
13. MEDINILLA COMPRESSICAULIS sp. nov.
Frutex epiphyticus glaber, circiter 3 m altus, ramis ramulisque
crassis, compressis, 4-alatis; foliis oppositis, sessilibus, anguste
ovatis vel late oblongo-ovatis, coriaceis, acutis, basi rotun-
datis, 5-plinerviis ; inflorescentiis terminalibus, paniculatis, pe-
dunculatis, usque ad 25 cm longis, multifloris, bracteis ovatis,
vix 1 cm longis ; floribus 5-meris.
An epiphytic glabrous shrub about 3 m high, the nodes setose
with short densely disposed processes, the branches gray, stout,
very strongly compres-sed, 4-winged, the branchlets also stout,
compressed, about 1 cm wide, their wings more prominent, about
3 mm wide. Leaves opposite, sessile, narrowly ovate to broadly
oblong-ovate, coriaceous, base rounded, apex acute, 20 to 25
cm long, 8 to 12 cm wide, 5-plinerved, the midrib and nerves
prominent, the inner pair of nerves reaching the apex, the outer
pair extending to the middle, or beyond as very faint submar-
ginal nerves, sometimes a faint additional outer pair of nerves
being present, reticulations lax, not prominent, sometimes
obsolete. Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, all parts red, the
peduncles 6 to 12 cm long, the flower-bearing portion about as
long, branches whorled, the bracts ovate, 1 cm long or less,
deciduous. Flowers red, 5-merous, their pedicels about 4 mm
long. Calyx cup-shaped, about 4.5 mm long and wide, truncate.
Petals 5, obliquely obovate, about 9 mm long. Stamens 10, equal,
their filaments slender, 4 mm long; anthers 2.2 mm long, dorsal
spur of the connective very short. Fruit subglobose, fleshy,
purple when mature, 7 to 8 mm in diameter.
Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, about 35 kilometers north of Baguio,
Merrill 7687, May, 1907 (type), altitude about 1,800 m, growing on trees
in ravines: Lepanto Subprovince, trail to Balbalasan, For. Bur. 5739
Klemme, November 19, 1906, altitude 1,500 m.
A very characteristic species, distinguishable from the others in the
genus by its very prominently compressed and 4-winged branches, its ses-
sile, 5-plinerved, ample, opposite leaves, and its red, not pink, inflores-
cence and flowers, the latter 5-mei’Ous.
14. MEDINILLA ACU M I N ATA sp. nov.
Frutex erectus glaber, ramulis teretibus, nodis vix setosis;
foliis oppositis, oblongo-ovatis, utrinque angustatis, petiolatis,
usque ad 12 cm longis, acuminatis, basi 5-plinerviis, nervis
interioribus subalternis, reticulis obsoletis; inflorescentiis ter-
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 239
minalibus, paniculatis, ut videtur paucifloris, quam folia bre-
vioribus ; fructibus 5- rariter 6-locellatis.
An erect glabrous shrub, the branches and branchlets slender,
terete, light gray, the ultimate ones 2 mm in diameter or less.
Leaves opposite, oblong-ovate, narrowed at both ends, base acute,
apex rather prominently acuminate, 7 to 12 cm long, 2.5 to 5
cm wide, brown and of about the same color on both surfaces
when dry, somewhat shining; nerves 5, distinct, the two lateral
pairs leaving the midrib above the base, as prominent as the
midrib, reaching the apex, the lower pair opposite, the inner or
upper pair subalternate, reticulations obsolete ; petioles slender, 1
to 1.5 cm long. Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, shorter than
the leaves, apparently few-flowered. Flowers unknown. Pani-
cles in fruit about 6 cm long, the branches opposite or ternate,
about 1 cm long. Fruit red, cup-shaped, about 6 mm long, trun-
cate, with 5, rarely 6 very minute teeth, 5- rarely 6-celled.
Mindoro, Mount Halcon, Merrill 5667, in forests, altitude about 1,800 m,
November 18, 1906.
Apparently closely allied to Medinilla calelanensis Elm., but differing in
its leaves, venation, and infructescence, and in its glabrous, not setose
nodes.
FLOWERS 4-MEROUS (SPECIES 15-19)
15. MEDINILLA CANLAONENSIS sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, erectus, circiter 3 m altus, ramulis teretibus,
nodis glabris vel leviter setosis ; foliis petiolatis, oppositis, coria-
ceis, oblongo-ellipticis, utrinque angustatis, basi acutis, 5- vel
7-plinerviis, apice acuminatis, usque ad 18 cm longis; inflores-
centiis terminalibus, paniculatis, 14 ad 18 cm longis; floribus
4-meris.
A glabrous erect shrub about 3 m high, the branches and
branchlets terete, the ultimate ones 3 to 4 mm in diameter, nodes
glabrous or slightly setose. Leaves oblong-elliptic, 12 to 18 cm
long, 5 to 6.5 cm wide, coriaceous, of about the same color on
both surfaces when dry, dull or slightly shining, subequally
narrowed at both ends, base acute, apex shortly and sharply
acuminate; nerves 5 or 7, leaving the midrib above the base,
the inner two pairs as prominent as the upper part of the
midrib, reaching the apex of the leaf, the third pair, when
present, more slender and scarcely reaching the middle of the
leaf, the inner pair leaving the midrib 1.5 to 2 cm above the base,
reticulations obsolete ; petioles about 5 mm long. Panicles
terminal, about as long as the leaves, peduncled, the branches
whorled, the lower ones 5 cm long, verticils distant. Flowers
pink, 4-merous, their pedicels about 5 mm long, the bracts and
240 The Philippine Journal of Science ms
bracteoles minute, linear, 1 to 2 mm long. Calyx urceolate,
truncate, about 5 mm long. Petals 4, obliquely obovate, about
13 mm long. Stamens 8, equal; filaments 5.5 mm long; anthers
lanceolate, acuminate, 5.5 mm long, the dorsal appendage slender,
0.8 mm long, the anterior appendages stout, curved, blunt, 1
mm long. Fruit broadly urceolate or cup-shaped, about 8 mm
long.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, Merrill 6882, April, 1910, in forests, altitude
about 1,600 m.
Apparently most closely allied to Medinilla subsessilis Merr., of Luzon,
differing in its more numerously nerved leaves, longer petioles, nearly
glabrous nodes, and much smaller bracts. It resembles Medinilla negro-
sensis Merr., M. confusa Merr., and M. myriantha Merr., but differs from
all, among other characters, by its much larger flowers.
16. MEDINILLA NEGROSENSIS sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, ramis ramulisque 3- vel 4-angulatis, nodis dense
setosis; foliis oppositis, breviter petiolatis, ovatis ad elliptico-
oblongis, usque ad 20 cm longis, basi acutis vel rotundatis, 7- vel
9-plinerviis, apice distincte acuminatis; paniculis terminalibus,
foliis subaequilongis vel longioribus, diffusis, multifloris, ramis
verticillatis ; floribus 4-meris.
A shrub, erect or scandent, glabrous, the branches and branch-
lets distinctly 3- or 4-angled, the nodes rather densely setose.
Leaves opposite, ovate to elliptic-oblong, coriaceous, somewhat
shining, of about the same color on both surfaces when dry,
12 to 20 cm long, 4.5 to 9 cm wide, the base rounded or acute,
the apex distinctly and rather slenderly acuminate; nerves 7
to 9, as prominent as the midrib, all leaving the midrib above
the base, the inner pair at from 1.5 to 3 cm above the base,
the inner two pairs reaching the apex of the leaf, reticulations
obsolete; petioles 6 to 10 mm long. Panicles terminal, as long
as or longer than the leaves, peduncled, flower-bearing in the
upper part, the branches verticillate, 5 to 8 at each node, spread-
ing, the lower ones up to 7 cm in length, many-flowered, the
verticils distant. Flowers 4-merous, ebracteolate, or bracteoles
very minute and deciduous, the pedicels 3 to 8 mm long. Calyx
broadly urceolate or urceolate-campanulate, about 3 mm long,
truncate. Petals 4, obliquely obovate, 7 mm long. Stamens 8,
equal; filaments about 3.5 mm long; anthers lanceolate, 4 mm
long, acuminate, dorsal spur slender, 0.5 mm long, the anterior
appendages stout, curved, obtuse, 1 mm long.
Negros, Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 100^9, May, 1908, distributed as
Medinilla intermedia Blume.
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 241
Among the known Philippine species most closely allied to Medinilla
confusa Merr., but distinguished at once by its angled branches and branch-
lets, its densely setose nodes, and its petioled leaves; from Medinilla inter-
media Bl., it differs in its angled stems, and petioled, acuminate, more
numerously nerved leaves.
17. MEDINILLA BREVIPES sp. nov.
Frutex glaber, scandens, ramulis teretibus, nodis vix setosis;
foliis oppositis, ellipticis ad late oblongo-ellipticis, usque ad 15
cm longis, basi late rotundatis, distincte cordatis, brevissime
petiolatis, tenuiter 7-plinerviis, apice brevissime abrupte acum-
inatis; inflorescentiis terminalibus, paniculatis, floribus 4-meris.
A glabrous shrub, scandent according to the field notes, the
branches and branchlets terete, striate when dry, nodes not at
all setose. Leaves opposite, coriaceous, elliptic to broadly oblong-
elliptic, somewhat shining when dry, lower surface a little paler
than the upper one, 10 to 15 cm long, 7 to 8 cm wide, base
broadly rounded, distinctly cordate, apex very abruptly, broadly,
and shortly acuminate ; nerves usually 7, sometimes 5, the midrib
very broad and prominent, the lateral nerves leaving the midrib
just above the base of the leaf, the interior pair rather distinct
at the base, becoming slender and indistinct above but reaching
the apex, the next outer pair slender, not prominent, becoming
obsolete above or reaching the apex, the outermost pair (when
present) indistinct, not reaching beyond the middle of the leaf,
or if so, then very indistinct, the reticulations obsolete; petioles
very stout, 2 to 3 mm long, 5 to 6 mm wide. Panicle terminal,
15 to 20 cm long, the peduncle about one-half as long as the
flower-bearing part, the branches whorled, 4-nate, 5 to 6 cm
long, the whorls distant; bracts lanceolate, 5 mm long or less.
Flowers pink, 4-merous, their pedicels about 4 mm long. Calyx
cup-shaped, about 3 mm long, truncate. Petals 4, obliquely
obovate, 5 mm long. Stamens 8, equal; filaments 3 mm long;
anthers lanceolate, acuminate, 3 mm long, base somewhat sagit-
tate by the spreading anterior appendages, the dorsal spur very
minute. Fruit cup-shaped or ovoid, truncate, 4 to 5 mm in
diameter.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Quinatacutan River, Bur. 13179 Fox-
worthy & Ramos, March, 1911, on fallen trees in forests, altitude about
100 mm.
A species well characterized by its elliptic leaves which are broadly
rounded and distinctly cordate at the base, the faint nerves and the retic-
ulations obsolete, and by its very short stout petioles. It is manifestly
allied to Medinilla ovalis Merr., being at once distinguished by its larger
leaves and its very short stout petioles.
242
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
18. MEDINILLA EPIPHYTICA sp. nov.
Frutex epiphyticus, paniculis leviter furfuraceis exceptis
glaber; ramis subteretibus, nodis vix barbatis; foliis oppositis,
petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis vel elliptico-ovatis, usque ad 8 cm
longis, breviter acuminatis, basi subrotundatis, obscure 3- vel
obscurissime 5-plinerviis, reticulis obsoletis; paniculis termin-
alibus, ad 10 cm longis, pedunculatis, bracteis parvis; floribus
4-meris.
An epiphytic shrub, quite glabrous except the slightly furfu-
raceous inflorescence. Branches terete or subterete, grayish or
brownish, smooth, apparently somewhat fleshy when fresh, the
nodes not bearded. Leaves opposite, oblong-ovate to elliptic-
ovate, coriaceous, 4 to 8 cm long, 2.5 to 4.5 cm wide, slightly
shining when dry, the upper surface pale-grayish, the lower
one somewhat brownish, apex shortly acuminate, base rounded
or obtuse; nerves 1 or sometimes 2 pairs, leaving the midrib
just above the base, obscure, the secondary veins and reticula-
tions obsolete; petioles 1 to 1.5 cm long. Panicles terminal,
peduncled, including the peduncle up to 10 cm long, the branches
opposite or somewhat whorled, the lower ones 2.5 cm long, all
parts minutely brown-furfuraceous with minute small scales;
bracts lanceolate, acuminate, about 5 mm long. Flowers not
seen. Fruit globose or ovoid, fleshy, pink or red, about 5 mm
in diameter, 4-celled.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Dahican River back of San Antonio, Bur.
Sci. 15002 Ramos, June, 1912, on trees in forests.
A species allied to Medinilla mindorensis Merr., differing in its less
prominently nerved leaves, small bracts, and distinctly furfuraceous inflor-
escence. In the latter respect it resembles M. ovalis Merr., but that species
has entirely differently shaped leaves.
19. MEDINILLA CONFUSA sp. nov.
Medinilla intermedia Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905)
37, Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 107, non Blume.
Frutex glaber, 3 ad 5 m altus; ramis teretibus; nodis non
setosis; foliis sessilibus, oppositis, oblongo-ellipticis vel ovatis,
breviter acuminatis, 5- vel 7-plinerviis, usque ad 16 cm longis;
paniculis terminalibus, quam folia longioribus, diffusis, ramis
verticillatis ; floribus 4-meris.
A glabrous, somewhat spreading shrub, 3 to 5 m high.
Branches terete, the nodes not setose. Leaves opposite, sessile,
oblong-elliptic to ovate, subcoriaceous, somewhat shining, usually
rather pale when dry, 10 to 16 cm long, 4 to 9 cm wide, base
rounded or subacute, apex shortly acuminate; nerves two pairs,
often with an additional outer and somewhat fainter pair, leaving
VIII, c. 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 243
the midrib shortly above the base, the additional outer pair,
when present, not reaching to the apex of the leaf, the transverse
reticulations usually visible in dried specimens. Panicles ter-
minal, usually about 20 cm long, diffuse, the branches verticil-
lately arranged, in whorls of 4 or more, often nearly 10 cm in
length, the secondary branches also verticillate, the bracts and
bracteoles setaceous, small, deciduous. Flowers pink, 4-merous.
Calyx urceolate-campanulate, truncate, 3 to 4 mm long. Petals
obliquely obovate, about 9 mm long, 7 mm wide. Stamens
subequal; filaments 4 mm long; anthers narrowly lanceolate,
somewhat curved, 5 mm long, the posterior spur 0.7 mm long,
the anterior auricles about 1 mm long. Fruit ovoid, fleshy,
purple, about 6 mm in diameter.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, on exposed ridges, alti-
tude 900 to 1,000 m, Merrill 3965, Elmer s. n., Williams 6i8, Whitford
125, Lyon s. n. (type). Bur. Sci. 6209 Robinson, Bur. Sci. 1663 Foxworthy,
For. Bur. 2^05 Meyer.
A species previously identified with Medinilla interynedia Blume, but
apparently sufficiently distinct from that form, recognized at once by its
nodes being glabrous, not setose, differing also in several other characters,
so far as can be determined from a comparison with the description of
Blume’s species. It is manifestly allied to Medinilla myriantha Merr.,
and M. subsessilis Merr., but both of these species have setose nodes.
B. Plants more or less Pubescent, Setose, Stellate-
TOMENTOSE, OR AT LEAST FURFURACEOUS, NOT ENTIRELY
Glabrous (species 20-28)
20. MEDINILLA PARVA sp. nov.
Suffrutex erectus vix 40 cm altus, foliis junioribus ramulis
inflorescentiisque plus minusve stellato-furfuraceis, ramulis
teretibus; foliis oppositis, petiolatis, oblongo-ovatis, usque ad 10
cm longis, acuminatis, basi acutis, 5-plinerviis ; cymis terminal-
ibus, erectis, brevibus, paucifloris, bracteis elliptico-oblongis,
usque ad 18 mm longis; floribus 5-meris.
An undershrub 40 cm high or less, the branches few, terete,
glabrous, the branchlets slender, densely covered with brown,
stellate-furfuraceous indumentum. Leaves opposite, oblong-
ovate, subcoriaceous, 5 to 10 cm long, 2 to 4 cm wide, rather
slenderly acuminate, base acute, the upper surface glabrous or
nearly so, the lower surface brown-stellate-furfuraceous on the
nerves; nerves usually two pairs, the inner pair leaving the
midrib 8 to 10 mm above the base, prominent, reaching the apex,
the outer pair much more slender, reaching the middle of the
leaf, or extending beyond the middle as very faint submarginal
nerves, the reticulations obsolete; petioles densely stellate-
244 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
furfuraceous, 1 to 1.5 cm long. Cymes terminal, furfuraceous-
stellate with brown hairs, erect, shortly peduncled, few-flowered,
3 cm long or less, the pedicels about 3 mm in length. Bracts
and bracteoles elliptic-oblong, narrowed and more or less acumi-
nate at both ends, stellate-pubescent, 5-nerved, dark-red, per-
sistent, up to 18 mm long, 8 to 9 mm wide. Calyx in fruit
stellate-furfuraceous, nearly 1 cm long, urceolate, the limb ex-
tended about 4 mm above the fruit, 5-lobed, the lobes or teeth
ovate, acute or obtuse, about 3 mm long, dark-red.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Mount Binuang, Bur. Sci. 9398
Robinson, August 28, 1909, in the mossy forest, altitude about 960 m.
A species allied to Medinilla luzonensis Hook, f., differing in its fewer-
nerved leaves, longer petioles, erect inflorescence, much larger and differ-
ently shaped bracts, and in many other characters.
21. MEDINILLA CALCICOLA sp. nov.
Frutex circiter 1 m altus, ramulis petiolis subtus folds inflo-
rescentiisque dense stellato-tomentosis ; folds oppositis, in paribus
subaequadbus, coriaceis, acute acuminatis, basi acutis pinnatim
3-pdnerviis, oblongis vel anguste oblongo-eldpticis, usque ad 18
cm longis ; inflorescentiis lateradbus, brevibus, paucifloris,
bracteis prominentibus rubro-purpureis instructis ; floribus
5-meris, calycibus prominente 5-dentatis.
A shrub about 1 m high. Branches terete, glabrous, pale-gray,
the branchlets very densely stellate-tomentose, the indumentum
pale, plumose. Leaves opposite, those of each pair equal or
subequal, oblong to narrowly elliptic-oblong, subequady narrowed
at both ends, the apex acuminate, usually sharply so, the base
acute, 10 to 18 cm long, 3 to 6.5 cm wide, the upper surface
pale, shining, glabrous, the lower one very densely stellate-
tomentose, the veins stellate-plumose, the indumentum pale-
brownish; nerves two pairs, the outer pair subbasal, extending
nearly or quite to the apex of the leaf, sometimes with a very
short, additional outermost pair, the inner pair leaving the midrib
from 2 to 6 cm above the base, reaching the apex, there anasto-
mosing with the midrib; reticulations faint, obsolete or nearly
so; petioles densely stellate-plumose-tomentose, stout, 1.3 to 2
cm long. Inflorescence axillary, about as long as the petioles,
stellate-tomentose, the indumentum plumose, pale-brownish.
Bracts reddish-purple, prominent, broadly ovate, obtuse, stellate-
tomentose on both surfaces, about 15 mm long. Flowers 5-
merous. Calyx stellate-tomentose, depressed-globose about 5 mm
in diameter, the limb produced about 3 mm, divided half-way
into five, broad, rounded or truncate teeth. Petals obliquely
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 245
oblong-obovate, about 10 mm long, glabrous. Stamens 10 ;
filaments 5 mm long; anthers stout, oblong-lanceolate, curved,
acuminate, about 4 mm long, the base truncate, about 1.5 mm
vi^ide, the posterior appendage very short, the anterior ones
stout. Fruit subglobose, 6 to 7 mm in diameter, densely pale
stellate-tomentose, crowned by the toothed calyx-rim.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Abulug River, Weber 157i, January 29,
1912, in crevices of limestone ledges, about 45 m above sea level.
A species manifestly very closely allied to Medinilla halconensis Merr.,
differing in its larger, differently shaped leaves which are in equal or
subequal pairs, not very unequal as in that species, its shorter inflores-
cence, with red, not white bracts, and other minor characters.
22. MEDINILLA FURFURACEA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens, ramulis foliis subtus ad nervos inflorescen-
tiisque minute brunneo-furfuraceis ; ramis teretibus ; foliis verti-
cillatis, oblongo-ovatis, 7- vel 9-plinerviis, basi leviter cordatis,
apice abrupte apiculato-acuminatis ; infiorescentiis lateralibus,
10 ad 15 cm longis; floribus 5-meris.
A scandent shrub, the younger branches and branchlets,
petioles, lower surface of the leaves on the nerves, and the
infiorescence rather densely but minutely furfuraceous, the indu-
mentum dark-brown. Branches terete, grayish, nearly 1 cm in
diameter, with scattered, very prominent lenticels, the younger
branchlets brown. Leaves verticillate, 4 or 5 at each node,
membranaceous to chartaceous, shining, the upper surface gla-
brous, the lower a little paler when dry, with few scales scattered
over the surface in addition to the numerous ones on the nerves,
oblong-ovate, 15 to 20 cm long, 7 to 9 cm wide, the base somewhat
cordate, the apex abruptly apiculate-acuminate ; nerves 3 or 4
pairs, leaving the midrib in the lower 3 to 4 cm, prominent, only
the innermost pair reaching the apex, the transverse nervules
rather distant, distinct; petioles unequal in length, 3 to 5 cm
long from the same node. Inflorescence lateral, on the branches
below the leaves, 10 to 15 cm long, peduncled, minutely and den-
sely dark brown-furfuraceous, the branches whorled, the primary
ones about 3 cm long, each bearing a number of umbellately
disposed white flowers, their pedicels about 1.5 cm long. Calyx
cup-shaped, minutely furfuraceous, 10 mm long, truncate.
Petals 5, about 2.3 cm long, narrowly oblong-obovate, obtuse,
minutely furfuraceous externally. Stamens 10, very unequal;
filaments of the longer stamens 12 mm, of the shorter ones 9 mm ;
longer anthers linear-lanceolate, acuminate, about 1.5 cm long.
119145 4
246
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
the basal dorsal appendage 1.5 mm long, the two anterior ones
2.2 mm long; shorter anthers lanceolate, acuminate, 10 mm long,
the dorsal appendage narrowly oblong, obtuse, 2 mm long, the
anterior two about 3 mm long. Ovary 5-celled.
Leyte, Dagami, Bur. Sci. 1522i Ramos, August 6, 1912, climbing on
trees in forests, flowers said to be white.
A strongly marked species, distinguishable by its minute, dark-brown,
furfuraceous indumentum, its verticillate, slightly cordate, abruptly apicu-
late-acuminate, 7 or 9-plinerved leaves, and its lateral inflorescence.
23. MEDINILLA HIRSUTA sp. nov.
Frutex erectus 2 ad 3 m altus, ramulis subtus foliis inflores-
centiisque plus minusve dense setoso-hirsutis ; foliis oppositis,
oblongo-obovatis, basi angustatis, sessilibus vel subsessilibus,
pinnatim 9-plinerviis ; inflorescentiis axillaribus, brevibus,
densis, bracteis bracteisque ovatis ad orbiculari-ovatis, usque ad
14 mm longis, persistentibus, hirsutis ; floribus ignotis ; fructibus
ovoideis, 5-locellatis, dense hirsutis.
An erect shurb 2 to 3 m high. Branches terete, light-gray,
the older ones glabrous, the younger parts densely hirsute-setose
with long, spreading, pale hairs, the nodes very densely setose.
Leaves opposite, chartaceous, of about the same color on both
surfaces when dry, rather pale, oblong-obovate, 10 to 18 cm
long, 4 to 9 cm wide, apex acuminate, base spatulately narrowed,
sessile or subsessile, the upper surface glabrous, the lower surface
prominently hirsute with spreading hairs, especially on the
nerves, nerves 4 pairs, all leaving the midrib in the lower one-half
or one-third, ascending, the two inner pairs reaching the apex of
the leaf, about as prominent as the midrib, the next outer pair
reaching beyond the middle, there becoming obsolete, the basal
pair much shorter. Inflorescence axillary, short, few-flowered,
3 cm long or less, all parts hirsute with long, pale, spreading
hairs. Flowers unknown. Bracts persistent, greenish-white,
broadly ovate to suborbicular, 10 to 14 mm long, 5- to 7-nerved,
concave, setose-hirtuse on the outside. Pedicels about 5 mm
long, setose. Fruit ovoid, about 8 mm long, densely hirsute with
pale spreading hairs, green, the limb with 5 rather broad teeth.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River Mountains back of San
Ramon, Merrill 8296, November 27, 1911, in forests, altitude about 900 m.
Basilan, Bur. Sci. 16085 Reillo, Sept., 1912.
Well characterized by its setose-hirsute indumentum; very closely allied
to Medinilla attenuata Elm., which it greatly resembles, from which it
apparently differs in its larger, always opposite, more numerously nerved
leaves.
vni. c. 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 247
24. MEDINILLA VENOSA (Blume) Blume in Flora 14 (1831) 518; Miq.
FI. Ind. Bat. 1' (1856) 549; Triana in Trans Linn. Soc. 28 (1873)
88 t. 7, fig. 9U e; Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 600.
Melastoma venosum Blume Bijdr. (1826) 1075.
Hypenanthe venosa Blume Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 1 (1849) 21.
This species was first credited to the Philippines by Triana on specimens
collected in Luzon by Cuming and by Lobb. Doctor C. B. Robinson, who
has recently examined the material representing this species in the Paris
Herbarium, the Rijks Herbarium, Leiden, and in the Kew Herbarium,
considers the Luzon specimens to be correctly named, namely Cuming 802,
from Mount Banajao, Lobb s. n., not definitely localized, and Vidal 1388
from Mount Maquiling, Province of Laguna, Luzon. Doctor Robinson has
kindly supplied me with carbon leaf-rubbings of the three Philippine speci-
mens cited above, and also from specimens in the Leiden Herbarium, Celebes,
collected by Forsten, and a specimen in the Paris Herbarium from Ternate
collected by Hombron. They all appear to represent a single species, and
all are cited by Cogniaux under Blume’s species. There is in the Herbarium
of the Bureau of Science a single specimen that is referable here, Tamesis
s. n., from Mount Maquiling, Province of Laguna, Luzon, July, 1910.
But for the fact that the original diagnosis of Axanthes philippensis
C. & S.=Medinilla philippensis Merr. describes the fruit of that species
as 5-celled, I should, with little hesitation, reduce that species to Medinilla
venosa Blume, for the vegetative characters of the two are very similar.
Medinilla lagunae Vid., is also closely allied, but differs in its leaf-base
and other characters. Medinilla halconensis Merr., is distinguished by its
5-merous flowers, and is more closely allied to M. philippensis Merr., than
to M. venosa Bl.
25. MEDINILLA TRUNCIFLORA nom. nov.
Medinilla cauliflora Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 5 (1910) Bot. 207,
non Hemsl. (1895).
The above new name is necessary on account of Hemsley’s use of the
name Medinilla cauliflora in 1895, which was overlooked by me. In addi-
tion to the type, I have also before me one additional specimen, also from
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, Merrill 6983, April, 1910, in forests, altitude
about 800 m, a single plant obsex'ved.
26. MEDINILLA MULTINERVIA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens, subtus foliis ad nervos minute brunneo-
furfuraceis exceptis glaber; ramis crassis, teretibus, junioribus
4-angulatis, 4-alatis, aliis crispulis; foliis oppositis, petiolatis,
late ovatis vel late elliptico-ovatis, usque ad 20 cm longis, basi
rotundatis, 13-plinerviis, nervulis transversalibus subparallelis,
prominentibus ; inflorescentiis lateralibus, brevibus, paucifloris;
floribus 6-meris.
A scandent shrub, glabrous except the lower surfaces of the
leaves which are minutely brown-furfuraceous especially on the
nerves. Branches rather stout, terete or subterete, about 8 mm
248 The Philippine Journal of Science i9is
in diameter, grayish, often striate, the younger ones 4-angled,
4-winged, the wings narrow, crisped. Leaves opposite, char-:
taceous or membranaceous, brownish-olivaceous when dry, of
about the same color on both surfaces, shining, broadly ovate to
elliptic-ovate, 15 to 20 cm long, 11 to 14 cm wide, the base
rounded, the apex abruptly and rather prominently acuminate,
the acumen nearly 1 cm long; nerves 13, prominent, leaving the
midrib at intervals up to 4 cm above the base, the inner three
pairs reaching the apex ; transverse nervules numerous, parallel,
prominent; petioles 3 to 5 cm long. Inflorescence from the
branches below the leaves, the peduncles solitary or fascicled, 1-
to 3-flowered, about 1.5 cm long, the bracts few, lanceolate, about
5 mm long. Flowers not seen. Fruits ovoid, green, glabrous,
about 1.5 cm long, crowned by the truncate and minutely 6-
denticulate calyx-rim, 6-celled.
Leyte, Dagami, Mount Ibuni, Bur. Sci. 15386 Ramos, August 23, 1912,
on trees in damp forests along streams.
A very strongly marked species, characterized by its many-nerved,
abruptly acuminate leaves which have very prominent subparallel trans-
verse nervules, its branchlets narrowly 4-winged, the wings crisped, its
short lateral inflorescences, and its large, 6-celled, fruits which are 6-dentic-
ulate at the apex. It does not app.ear to be closely allied to any previously
described species.
27. MEDINILLA LOHERI sp. nov.
Frutex erectus vel scandens, partibus junioribus plus minusve
setosis, ramulis teretibus, nodis dense setosis ; foliis oppositis, in
paribus valde inaequalibus, altero oblongo, acuminate, usque ad
25 cm longo, pinnatim 5-plinervio, petiolato, altero sessile,
spathulato, amplexicaule, 2 ad 3 cm longo; floribus racemosis,
racemis axillaribus, brevibus, dense multifloris ; floribus 4-meris.
A shrub, erect or scandent, the branches terete, the younger
ones about 3 mm in diameter, hirsute-setose, the hairs pale,
deciduous, the nodes very densely setose. Leaves opposite, char-
taceous, those of each pair very unequal in size and shape, the
larger of each pair oblong, 20 to 25 cm long, 7 to 11 cm wide,
sometimes slightly falcate, flat, the lower surface much paler
than the upper when dry, glabrous, apex slenderly and sharply
acuminate, base somewhat inequilateral, rounded; nerves 5 on
each side of the midrib, all leaving the midrib in the lower one-
third, ascending, the innermost two pairs reaching the apex,
prominent, the reticulations horizontal, subparallel, prominent;
petiole about 2 cm long when young ciliate-hirsute, becoming
glabrous : the smaller leaf of each pair sessile, clasping the stem.
VIII, c, 4 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, I 249
spathe-like, 2 to 3 cm long, prominently longitudinally about
9-ribbed, Racemes axillary, solitary or two in an axil, about 3
cm long, the upper two-thirds of the rachis densely covered with
pedicels, each pedicel subtended by several, radiate, persistent,
linear, 1 mm long bracteoles, the pedicels about 5 mm long.
Flowers unknown. Fruits urceolate, 6 to 7 mm long, 4 mm in
diameter, 4-celled, the limb produced about 2 mm above the ovary,
truncate, with 4 small, narrow, projecting, distant teeth.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Oriud, Loher 6280, August, 1905 (type) ;
Mabacal, Loher 6299.
A species well characterized by its very unequal leaves, one of each
pair petioled, large and flat, the other small, sessile, spathe-like, and
clasping the stems; very closely allied to Medinilla disparifolia C. B. Rob.,
but the leaves quite gabrous on both surfaces, not hirsute. Both species,
when flowers are known, may be found to be referable to some other genus.
28. MEDINILLA GRACILIPES sp. nov.
Frutex epiphyticus, ramulis junioribus foliis subtus ad nervos
inflorescentiisque plus minusve ferrugineo-pilosis, foliis oblongo-
lanceolatis, usque ad 25 cm longis, oppositis, petiolatis, subcoria-
ceis, acutis vel breviter acuminatis, basi acutis, 5-plinerviis,
nervis transversalibus subobsoletis ; inflorescentiis e axillis de-
foliatis, longe graciliterque pedunculatis, floribus paucis, con-
fertis, 4-meris.
An epiphytic shrub, the younger branches, lower surfaces of
the leaves on the midrib and nerves, petioles, and inflorescence
more or less densely ferruginous-pilose. Branches stout, gla-
brous, subterete or somewhat 3-angled, the growing parts rather
densely ferruginous-pilose. Leaves opposite, oblong-lanceolate,
subcoriaceous, 20 to 25 cm long, 6 to 10 cm wide, narrowed above
to the acute or somewhat acuminate apex, the base acute or
somewhat obtuse, the upper surface somewhat olivaceous,
glabrous, shining, the lower somewhat brownish when dry,
slightly shining, glabrous except the midrib and nerves; nerves
two pairs, from above the base, the outer pair faint, the inner
pair prominent, reaching the apex, the transverse nerves sub-
obsolete; petioles stout, pilose, about 1 cm long. Inflorescence
solitary, from the axils of fallen leaves, the peduncles slender,
somewhat pilose, about 12 cm long, the floriferous part short, 3
to 5 cm long, ovate, the lower branches 1.5 cm long or less.
Flowers paniculately arranged, few, rather densely disposed, the
bracts small, oblong, about 3 mm long, the bracteoles smaller.
Calyx urceolate, 3 mm long, truncate, the teeth represented by
thickenings of the rim. Petals 4, narrowly oblong-obovate.
250
The Philippine Journal of Science
1915
somewhat obtuse at the apex, 5.5 mm long. Stamens 8, equal,
the filaments slender, 3 mm long, more or less thickened above
the slender base; anthers lanceolate, acuminate, 4 mm long, the
dorsal appendage very short, brown, the two anterior ones
oblong-obovate, obtuse, 0.5 mm long.
Leyte, Mount Ibuni, near Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15228 Ramos, August 23,
1912, on trees in the mossy forest.
A strongly marked species, characterized by its opposite, oblong-lanceo-
late, 5-plinerved leaves and its axillary, solitary, very long and slenderly
peduncled inflorescences. It does not appear to be closely allied to any
previously described species.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
Vol. VIII, No. 4, July, 1913.
ASCOMYCETES PHILIPPINENSES, II
By H. Rehm
{Munich, Germany)
PERISPORIACEAE
MELIOLA Fries
MELIOLA UVARIAE Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium in epiphyllo baud mutato plagas orbiculares 0.5 ad
2 cm latas formans in ambitu fuscidulas, in centre floccose
nigras. Hyphae mycelii primariae plurimae, rectae, septatae,
vix ramosae, dilute fuscidulae, 3 ad 4 /r latae, centrifuge repentes,
itemque hyphae mycelii propriae, arachnoideo-centrifuge ex-
tensae, subramosae, septatae, fuscae, circ. 8 /x latae, ambitum
plagae tenerum fuscidulum reddentes. Hyphopodia capitata
plurima, plerumque monosticha, 2-cellularia, clavata, usque ad
20 |U, alta, cellula superiore 15 ad 20 y lata, hyphopodia uncinata
nulla conspicua. Perithecia versus centrum plagae dispersa,
globulosa, atra, glabra, poro baud pertusa, circ. 250 /x diam.
Setae plurimae circa perithecium in mycelio coacervatae, erectae,
interdum subcurvatae et verrucosulae, septatae, fuscae, apice
obtuso dilutiores, usque ad 350 y altae, 7 ad 10 ^x latae. Asci
ovato-clavati, usque ad 100 x 25 ad 30 fi, 8-spori. Sporae
oblongae, rectae, utrinque rotundatae, 3-septatae, medio interdum
subconstrictae, demum fuscae, 40 x 10 ad 12 /x, distichae. Para-
physes nullae. Adsunt conidia plurima ad hyphas mycelii
adnata, interdum hyphopodio opposita, fusiformia, 4-septata, in
stipitem tenuem hyalinum elongata, subfusca, usque ad 50 x 9
ad 10 fi.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 680, Jan., 1913. Ad folia
Uvariae.
Nahert sich der Meliola insignia Gaill., Meliola 44, unterscheidet sich
aber wesentlich durch Form der Hyphopodien und Sporen, 8-sporige
Schlauche und den Mangel biischelartig verklebter Setae, wie von Gaillard
1. c. tab. 6, f. 1. gegeben. Das Helminthosporiwn unserer Art entspricht
dem fiir Meliola argentina Speg. angegebenen. Cfr. Gaillard, 45.
251
252
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
MELIOLA ACALYPHAE Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium imprimis hypophyllum, plagulas dispersas, nigras,
raro confluentes, orbiculares, 0.5 ad 1.5 mm latas formans, ex
hyphis ad basim perithecii centrifugis, rectis, vix ramosis,
usque ad 10 latis, septatis, parvicellularibus, arete agglutinatis,
fuscis, apice dichotomis compositum. Hyphopodia permulta,
oblonga, obtusa, recta, 2-cellularia, opposita, fere juxtaposita,
20 X 10 jx, hyphopodia uncinata fusca, opposita, rara, usque ad
20 X 10 fx. Setae nullae. Perithecia in medio mycelii pauca,
sessilia, globulosa, atra, baud ostiolata, ex cellulis magnis, con-
vexule prominentibus contexta, circ. 150 /x. Asci bispori.
Sporae oblongae, obtusae, rectae, 4-septatae, vix ad septa con-
strictae, fuscae, 30 ad 35 x 12 ad 14 /x.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker ^83. Ad folia Acalyphae
stipulaceae.
Bildet kleine schwarze Flecken mit eng aneinanderliegenden, von reich-
sten Hyphopodien besetzten, kurzzelligen Hyphen und weicht dadurch von
Meliola jnelostomacearum ganz ab.
MELIOLA ARACHNOIDEA Speg. Fung. Puigg. no. 237. Cfr. Gaillard,
Meliola 1. c. 51; Sacc. Syll. 9: 413; Theissen in Broteria 9: 25.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 485. Ad folia Trium-
fettae semitrilob ae.
Mycelium inter pilos foliorum parce evolutum!
MELIOLA PARENCHYMATICA Gaillard, Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 8: 180, tab.
15, f. 5. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 11:263.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 482, ad paginam supe-
riorem Sapindi Turezaninowii; C. F. Baker 487, ad folia Rottboelliae exal-
tatae; C. F. Baker 557, ad folia Desmodii gangetici.
MELIOLA ? DESMODII Karst. & Roum. Rev. Myc. (1890) 77. Cfr. Gail-
lard, Meliola 1. c. 83, pi. 14, /. 6; Sacc. Syll. 9: 115.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 556. Ad folia Desmodii
gangetici.
Passt sehr gut zur Beschreibung, nur sind die Sporen 30-35 x 10-12 ix,
bei Gaillard 40-45 g.
MELIOLA ? STENOSPORA Winter, Hedwigia (1886) 97. Cfr. Gaillard,
Meliola 1. c. 86, tab. 15, f. 4; Sacc. Syll. 9: 423.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 94. Ad folia
Ehretiae Navesii.
MELIOLA COOKEANA Speg. F. Argent. 4: 41. Cfr. Gaillard, Bull. Soc.
Myc. Fr. 7: 73. tab. 13; Sacc. Syll. 1 : 65; Ell. & Ev. N. Am. Pyr.
46; Theissen in Broteria 10: 30. Exsicc. Ravenel, Fung. Am. 84,
Ellis, N. Am. Fung. 1295.
Meliola amphitricha f. Callicarpae americanae Cooke apud Ravenel.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 481. Ad folia Callicarpae
canae.
Stimmt vortrefflich, nur erscheinen die Perithecien nicht stark warzig.
VIII, c, 4 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, II 253
MELIOLA MERREMIAE Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium epiphyllum plagulas orbiculares, nigras, vix ra-
diantes, 1 ad 1.5 mm latas formans ex hyphis rectis, centrifugis,
fuscis, septatis, 7 ad 8 p, latis, dichotomis rectangulariter, arete
juxtapositis. Hyphopodia plurima, recta, obtusa, 2-cellularia,
cellula inferiore perparvula, in longa serie propinque opposita,
fusca, 10 ad 12 X 6 fj.. Hyphopodia uncinata opposita, mucronata,
fusca, 15 X 6 fi. Setae myceliales rectae, septatae, ad basim
usque ad 10 p, latae, apice obtusae, fuscae. Perithecia dispersa,
globulosa, astoma, baud verruculosa, atra, circ. 120 p,, Asci ?
Sporae oblongae, rectae, obtusae, 4-septatae, fuscae, 30 ad 35 x 10
ad 12 fi.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker U8k- Ad folia Merremiae
kastatae.
Steht der Meliola praetervisa Gaillard, Meliola 78, nahe, unterscheidet
sich durch viel kleinere Sporen und stumpfe Setae; von Meliola malaco-
tricha Speg. durch die verschiedene Form der Hyphopodien.
MELIOLA HEWITTIAE Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium maculas orbiculares epiphyllas 2 ad 2.5 mm latas,
interdum confluentes, nigras, tenuissimas, margine subarach-
noideas formans ex hyphis sparse ramosis, 6 ad 7 p, latis, fuscis,
arete aggregatis, breviter cellularibus. Hyphopodia capitata
numerosissima, opposita, oblonga, 2-cellularia, breviter stipitata,
cellula superiore obtusa, 15 x 7 p. Hyphopodia mucronata op-
posita vel solitaria, ampulliformia, pallidiora, usque ad 17 x 6
ad 10 p lata. Setae myceliales sparsae, erectae, circ. 200 p
longae, ad basim 7 p latae, apice acutatae, fuscae. Perithecia
dispersa, globulosa, astoma, baud verrucosa, nigra, circ. 130 p.
Asci 2- vel 3-spori. Sporae cylindraceae utrinque obtusae,
rectae, 4-septatae, non constrictae, dilute fuligineo-fuscae, 35 ad
37 X 14 p.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 555. Ad paginam supe-
riorem foliorum decoloratorum Hewittiae sublobatae.
Eine durch kleine Fleckenbildung mit eng zusammengedrangten, aiisserst
zahlreiche langliche Hyphopodien-tragende Hyphen auifallig gekennzeichnete
Art.
MELIOLA BIDENTATA Cooke, Grevillea 6: 37. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 9: 417;
Gaillard, Meliola 1. c. 106, pi. 19, f. 3: Ell. & Ev. N. Am. Pyr. 46.
pi. 5; Theissen in Broteria 9: 37. Exsicc. Rabenh. Winter Fung.
Eur. 3546, Ellis N. Am. Fung. 1297 a, b, 2545, Ravenel, Fung.
Am. 330.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker JtSO. In pagina supe-
riore foliorum Litseae Perrottetii.
Setis apice demum saepe irregulariter 4-dentatis transitus ad Meliola
bicornis Winter.
254 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
MELIOLA BICORN IS Winter, Hedwigia (1886) 99. Cfr. Gaillard, Meliola
1. c. 99, tab. 18, f. L; Sacc. Syll. 9: 422; Theissen in Broteria 9: 27.
Exsicc. Rabenh. Winter Fung. Eur. 3545, Rehm, Ascom. 1348.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 83. Ad folium?
DIMERIUM Saccardo & Sydow
DIMERIUM PSEUDOPERISPORIOIDES Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in medio macularum epiphyllarum, orbicularium,
nigritularum, 0.5 ad 1 cm diam. densissime, versus marginem
sparsa sessilia, globulosa, nigra, glabra, ad basim hyphas non-
nullas brevissimas, fuscidulas, 3 ad 5 p, latas gerentia, baud
ostiolata, 100 p, diam. Asci 5 vel 6, globoso-ovoidei, usque ad
35 fjL lati, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae vel subclavatae, utrinque
obtusae, medio septatae et constrictae, subfuscae, 10 ad 12 x 5
ad 6 /i, Paraphyses gelatinosae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 631. Ad folia Ipomoeae.
Nur Sporen eines Mycels sind nachweisbar.
MICROTHYRIACEAE
MICROTHYRIUM Desmazieres
MICROTHYRIUM ELATUM Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in maculis nigris, primitus orbicularibus, 0.5 mm
latis, mox vario modo confluentibus in maculas ellipsoideas,
irregulares, usque ad 3 cm longas, 1 cm latas innata, solitaria,
rarius congregata, globosa, 100 n diam., epidermium cellulis fusco-
violacee impletis violacee fuscidule decoloratum hemisphaerice
elevantia vel longitudinaliter plicantia, poro minutissimo aperta,
excipulo proprio carentia. Asci clavati, apice rotundati, sessiles,
60 X 15 fx, 8-spori. Sporae ovoideae, infra medium, rarissime
medio septatae, baud constrictae, hyalinae, 15 x 7 ad 8 p, dis-
tichae. Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 28. Ad petiolos emortuos
Coryphae elatae.
Ohne erkennbares eigenes Gehause liegen die Perithecien unter der
schwarzen Decke, ein eigentliches Stroma ist nicht vorhanden: deshalb ist
die richtige Stellung bei Microthyrium gegeben. Im ganzen Bau scheint
nahe Verwandtschaft mit Microthyrium ? circinans Speg. FI. Argent. 4:
No. 151 gegeben. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 2: 665.
MICROPELTIS Montaigne
MICROPELTIS CORRUSCANS Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in foliorum vivorum pagina inferiore decolorata
crispataque gregarie sessilia, dimidiato-scutata, poro pertusa,
centrifuge fusee contexta, glabra, ad marginem hyphis nonnullis
VIII, C, 4
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, II
255
septatis fuscidulis usque ad 25 longis obsessa, 100 fx diam.
Asci clavati, sessiles, 8-spori, 30 x 10 fx. Sporae oblongae,
obtusae, rectae, medio septatae, non constrictae, utrinque bigut-
tulatae, dein 4-cellulares, hyalinae, 9 ad 12 x 3 ad 3.5 /x. Para-
physes nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 621. Ad folia Synedrellae
nodiflorae.
Der winzige Pilz findet sich nur an den verkriippelten und verfarbten
Blattern.
MICROPELTIS LEUCOPTERA Penz. & Sacc. in Malpighia 11: 525. Cfr.
Sacc. Syll. 14: 690.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 531 b. Ad culmos Schiz-
ostachyi acutiflori.
Micropeltis applanata Mont., M. albo-marginata Speg., M. leucoptera
Penz. & Sacc., M. Schmidtiana Rostr. stellt von Hohnel, als nahe verwandte
Arten, sub Phragmothyrium. Cfr. von Hohnel Fragm. Myc. 14:8.
HYPOCREACEAE
MALMEOMYCES Starback
MALMEOMYCES PULCHELLUS Starb. Vet. Ak. Hdl. 25’: 32. Cfr. Sacc.
Syll. 16: 592.
Perithecia gregaria, sessilia, globulosa, atra, parenchymatice
fusee contexta, membranacea, 0.15 mm diam., setis singulis, ad
basim subcurvatis, apice obtusis, septatis, fuscis, circ. 100 g
longis, ad basim usque ad 8 /x latis obsessa. Asci fusoidei,
sessiles, 50 x 14 g, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae, rectae, utrinque
obtusae, 1- dein 3-septatae, medio constrictae, cellulis 1 magnigut-
tatis, 20 ad 24 x 5 g, oblique distichae. Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker h78 b. Ad Bambusam
emortuam.
Die Beschreibung von Starback stimmt mit obiger gut iiberein, so dass ich
diesen Namen annehme, auch finden sich die gleichen Setae zwischen den
einzelnen Perithecien und ist dadurch ein schwarzlicher Flecken gebildet.
Indessen sind bei dem oben beschriebenen Pilz die Perithecien durchaus
nicht “corneo-membranacea.” Jedenfalls steht derselbe Calonectria nahe.
OPHIONECTRIA Saccardo
OPHIONECTRIA TRICHOSPORA (B. & Br.) Sacc. Syll. 2 (1883) 563.
Nectria trichospora B. & Br. Fung. Ceyl. 115.
Perithecia gregaria, ovalia, distincte papillulata, coccinea,
glabra, sicca asperula, apice baud umbilicata, 0.3 ad 0.4 mm alta
et lata, parenchymatice cellulis orbicularibus 15 ad 18 g latis
contexta, membranacea. Asci fusiformes, usque ad 240 x 30 p,
256
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
8-spori. Sporae aciculares, apice superiore obtusae, inferiore
longiacutatae, usque ad 220 x 8 ad 10 medio, hyalinae, usque
ad 24-cellulares, 2- vel 3-stichae, extra ascum curvatae. Para-
physes nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 563. Ad frustula in
sylvis.
Das Exemplar stimmt so vortrefflich zu der wenn auch unvollstandigen
Beschreibung von B. & Br. 1. c., dass ich an der Zugehorigkeit nicht
zweifle. Die Art unterscheidet sich von alien iibrigen durch Form, Grosse
und Farbe der Peritbecien, dann durcb die pracbtig entwickelten, langen,
vielzelligen Sporen.
DOTHIDEACEAE
PHYLLACHORA Nitscbke
PHYLLACHORA ANDROPOGONIS Karst. & Hariot. Rev. Myc. (1898)
Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 9: 1027.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Doctor E. B. Copeland, comm. C. F.
Baker 509. Ad folia Andropogonis halepensis var. propinqui.
Specimen orig. berb. mei “Timor Oceaniae” exacte convenit.
PHYLLACHORA PAHUDIAE Sydow.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 627. In foliis Pahudiae
rhomboideae {Afzeliae rhomboideae) .
PHYLLACHORA FICI-M I N AH ASSAE P. Henn. Hedwigia 47 (1908) 254.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 685, Jan. 1913. Ad folium
Fid minahassae.
AUERSWALDIA Saccardo
AUERSWALDIA MERRILL! I P. Henn. Hedwigia 47 (1908) 253.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 396, W. H. Brown,
comm. C. F. Baker 691. In foliis Freycinetiae.
Sporen bocbstens im Alter braunlicb, desbalb ist diese Art besser Phylla-
chora zu nennen.
SPHAERIACEAE
NEOPECKIA Saccardo
NEOPECKIA DIFFUSA (Scbwein.) Sacc. Syll. 11:317. Cfr. Sacc. Syll.
14: 553; von Hobnel Fragm. Myc. 6: 64; 7: 25.
Sphaeria diffusa Scbwein. Syn. N. Am. Fung. 1542 var. atrata
(Penz. & Sacc.).
Letendraea atrata Penz. & Sacc. Ic. Fung. Jav. (1904) 46, tab.
32, f. 3.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 560. Ad frustula ligni.
Die Angaben von von Hobnel 1. c. stimmen in jeder Beziebung und geboren
die Exemplare dazu “Asci 100 x 12 m. Sporae 15-18 x 5-6 g utraque
cellula 1-2 magniguttata, medio constrictae, dilute fuscidulae, disticbae.”
VIII, c, 4 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, II 257
ROSELLINIA De Notaris
ROSELLINIA EMERGENS (B. & Br.) Sacc. Syll. 1:257.
Sphaeria (Byssiseda) emergens B. & Br. Fung. Ceyl. 1089.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F. Baker
502. Ad truncum emortuum.
Von alien bisher beschriebenen Arten der “byssidedae” durch die ausser-
ordentlich grossen Sporen verschieden.
MYCOSPHAERELLACEAE
STIGMATEA Fries
STIGMATEA CINEREO-MACULANS Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia maculis epiphyllis dilute cinereis, rarissime atro-
marginatis, orbicularibus, 0.5 ad 1 mm latis, mox in latas plagas
confluentibus innata, primitus singula, lenticularia, hemiglobose
prominentia, atra, poro pertusa, glabra, 0.2 mm lata, mem-
branacea, parenchymatice fuscidule contexta. Asci cylindracei,
25 X 3 ad 3.5 g, plerumque 4-spori. Sporae ellipsoideae, utrinque
rotundatae, medio septatae, non constrictae, utraque parte 2-
guttulata, hyalinae, 6 ad 7 x 2 p,, 1-stichae. Paraphyses baud
conspicuae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 622. Ad vaginam fol-
iorum Pandani.
Stigmatea Pandani Pat. Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. (1904) 136, ist durch
viel grossere Sporen in ovalen Schlauchen ganz verschieden. Cfr. Sacc.
Syll. 1 : 656.
PLEOSPORACEAE
LEPTOSPHAERIA Cesati & De Notaris
LEPTOSPHAERIA AMBIENS Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia ramulum longe dilute fuscidulum ambientia, in-
numerabiliter gregarie cortici interiori innata, epidermidem vix
protuberantia, ostiolis minimis prominentibus nigris punctu-
lantia, globulosa, atra, 0.15 mm diam., parenchymatice fusee
contexta, ad basim hyphis simplicibus, fuscis, septatis, 3 g
crassis obsessa, Asci clavati, teneri, 40 ad 45 x 8 ad 9 g, 8-spori.
Sporae oblongo-clavatae, utrinque obtusae, primitus medio, dein
3-septatae, vix constrictae, rectae, fuscae, 12 x 4 g, distichae.
Paraphyses filiformes, tenerae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F. Baker
529. Ad ramulos emortuos?
Mit den kleinen, in keuligen Schlauchen 2-reihig liegenden, dunkel-
braunen Sporen steht der Pilz zunachst Leptosphaeria sabalincola (E. &
M.) Sacc. Syll. 9: 368, ist aber nach Exsicc. Ell. & Ev. N. Am. Fung.
1936 im tibrigen ganz davon verschieden.
258 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
CLYPEOSPHAERIACEAE
ANTHOSTOMELLA Saccardo
ANTHOSTOMELLA GRANDISPORA Penz. & Sacc. Malpighia 11 (1897)
392. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 14: 502.
Var. SCHIZOSTACHYI Rehm var. nov.
Perithecia creberrima, innata cortici, solitaria vel longitudina-
liter longe seriata, per epidermidem baud nigritulam,- striae-
formiter vel laciniatim diruptam ostiolo minimo prorumpentia,
globulosa, atra, membranacea, hyphis fuscis, plerumque simpli-
cibus, fuscis nonnullis, demum mycelium formantibus ad basim
obsessa, 0.2 mm diam. Asci oblongi, crasse tunicati, apice
rotundati, circ. 90 x 25 /m, 8-spori. Sporae oblongo-ellipsoideae,
1-cellulares, fuscae, 28 ad 30 x 10 ad 12 fi, distichae. Paraphyses
filiformes, septatae, 2 ix crassae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 531 a. Ad culmos emor-
tuos Schizostachyi acutiflori.
ANTHOSTOMELLA MIRABILIS (B. & Br.) von Hohnel Fragm. Myc. 6:
54.
Astrocystis mirabilis B. & Br. Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14 (1878)
123. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 1: 293.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker U75. Ad Bamhusam
emortuam, adhuc stantem.
Zeigt an den circa 1 mm breiten Perithecien genau an deren Grund
die geschwarzten zerrissenen Epidermis-Lappen, wie in Rehm Ascom. exsicc.
1859, hat aber schmalere Sporen.
VALSACEAE
CRYPTOSPHAERIA Greville
CRYPTOSPHAERIA PH I LI PPI N ENSIS Rehm sp. nov.
Stroma cortici innatum, peridermium dilute cinereum distincte
maculiformiter elatum in plagulis irregulariter orbicularibus,
plus minusve longitudinaliter usque ad 3 cm longis, 1 cm latis,
undulatim confluentibus, demum ab peridermio diffracto nigre
marginatis, intus linea nigra tenuissima notatis. Perithecia
monosticha, dense gregaria, globosa, cortici baud mutato innata,
0.15 mm diam., ostiolo hemisphaerico, punctiformi, atro, in
peridermio conspicua. Asci clavati, in stipitem tenuem, usque
ad 40 y, elongati, parte sporifera 25x8 y, 8-spori. Sporae allan-
toideae, hyalinae, 8 ad 9 x 2 /x, 2- vel 3-stichae. Paraphyses
nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 561 b. Ad ramum
emortuum in humo jacentem.
Steht im Allgemeinen der Cryptosphaeria Crepiniana Sacc. & Roum.
VIII, c, 4 ReJim: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, II 259
Rev. Myc. (1893) tab. 39, f. 1, Sacc. Syll. 9: 471, Berl. Ic. 3: 36, tab. 44,
/. 1, sehr nahe, besonders in der Grosse der Sporen, unterscheidet sich aber
vbllig durch die ausserst kleinen Perithecien.
EUTYPA Tulasne
EUTYPA BAM BUSINA Penz. & Sacc. Malpighia 1 1 (1897) 501. Cfr. Sacc.
Syll. 14: 486.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 10, 613, 629. Ad Bam-
busam emortuam.
Stroma intus flavescens.
MELANCONIDACEAE
CRYPTOSPORA Tulasne
CRYPTOSPORA BAMBUSAE Speg.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker A78 a. Ad Bambusam
emortuam.
VALSARIA De Notaris & Cesati
VALSARIA CONSORS Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata ramulum ambientia, dispersa, in ligno late denigrato
sub cortice nidulantia, demum prorumpentia, conoidea, atra,
circ. 1 mm diam. Perithecia 8 ad 10 monosticha, globosa, nigra,
0.25 mm diam., in collum longum ambientia et in disculum
hemiglobosum conjuncta, ostiolis conoideis parvulis prominen-
tibus. Asci cylindracei, 90 ad 100 x 8 p,, 8-spori, I—. Sporae
oblongae, biscoctiformiter medio constrictae et septatae, fuscae,
12 ad 14 X 5 ad 6 p, 1-stichae. Paraphyses filiformes, hyaline.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 561 a. Ad ramulum
emortuum in humo jacentem.
Am gleichen Astchen wachst Crypto sphaeria philippinensis Rehm. Die
Art steht in alien Beziehungen nahe der Valsaria staphylina Ell. & Ev.
(cfr. Sacc. Syll. 11: 318), dann Valsaria Kriegeriana Rehm (cfr. Sacc.
Syll 17: 691), welche sich insbesondere durch ihre kleinen Sporen von den
iibrigen Arten unterscheiden.
MELOGRAMMATACEAE
BOTRYOSPHAERIA Cesati & De Notaris
BOTRYOSPHAERIA BAKERI Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata gregaria, cortici innata, erumpentia, orbicularia, 1
ad 2.5 mm diam., atra. Perithecia immersa, 4 ad 6, globuloso-
conoidea, arete juxtaposita, dein discreta, nigro-fusca, rugoso-
verrucosa, minutissime papillulata, parenchymatice fusee con-
texta, 0.4 ad 0.5 mm lata et alta, hyphis subramosis, fuscis, 4 ad
5 p latis obtecta conjunctaque, sicca apice umbonata. Asci
cylindracei, apice rotundati, crasse tunicati, usque ad 200 x 20 p,
8-spori, I—. Sporae ellipsoideae, utrinque rotundatae, 1-cell-
260
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
ulares, saepe 1 magni-guttatae, hyalinae, 30 x 15 ad 16 ft juveniles
oblongae, 30 x 8 fi, utraque strato mucoso 5 jn lato obductae,
demum dilute flavidulae, 1-stichae. Paraphyses ramosae, sep-
tatae, 2 /x crassae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 696, Jan., 1913. Ad
ramulos decorticatos.
Stimmt gut zu Botryosphaeria Hoffmanni von Hohnel, Ann. Myc. (1904)
275, unterscheidet sich aber durch die Mycel bedeckten, getrennten grossen
Perithecien mit Papille. Am nachsten verwandt ist wolil Botryosphaeria
Pruni MacAlp. Fung. Diseases (1902) 119, /. 617-200, jedoch ist bier das
betrachtliche stratum mucosum nicht angefiihrt.
XYLARIACEAE
NUMMULARIA Tulasne
NUMMULARIA ANTHRACODES (Fr.) Cooke, Grevillea 11: 126; 12: 8.
Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 1: 365, 9: 572.
Sphaeria anthracodes Fr. Linnaea (1830) 544.
Hypoxylon anthracodes Mont. Ann. Sci. Nat. 13 (1840) 359.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 589. Ad lignum decor-
ticatum in humo jacentem.
HYPOXYLON Bulliard
HYPOXYLON RUBIGINOSUM (Pers.) Fr. S. V. Sc. 384. Cfr. Sacc. Syll.
1: 376.
Sphaeria rubiginosa Pers. Syn. Fung. 11.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F. Baker
501).. Ad lignum putridum.
DALDINIA De Notaris & Cesati
DALDINIA LU20NENSIS Rehm sp. nov.
Stroma ex basi vix stipitiformi exsurgens demum late placenti-
formiter expansum, suborbiculare, lobulato-incisum, irregulariter
compressum complanatumque, obtuse crasse marginatum, fusco-
nigrum, usque ad 5 cm latum, 1 ad 2 cm altum, supera stromatis
parte vix ostiolis minimis perspicuis punctulata, intus fibrosum,
e basi adscendentibus plurimis horizontalibus parallelis concen-
tricis fuscis, circ. 1 mm latis, stratis contextum. Asci arete
juxtapositi, subcylindracei, 1.5 mm longi, 0.5 mm lati, 8-spori.
Sporae ellipsoideae, rectae vel curvatulae, 1-cellulares, fuscae,
10 X 4 ad 5 /X. Paraphyses destructae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Baiios, C. F. Baker 516. Ad truncum putres-
centem.
Macht im Ganzen den Eindruck von Hypoxylon placentiforme B. & C.,
ist aber eine achte Daldinia, zur Gruppe von D. concentrica (Bull.)
Grev. gehorig, entbehrt aber fast jeder sichtbaren Andeutung der Ostiola
und unterscheidet sich durch seine Form, sowie durch kleinere Sporen.
Ausgestossene Sporen bedecken als schwarzer tiberzug das Stroma oben.
VIII, c, 4 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, II 261
XYLARIA Hill
XYLARIA GIGANTOCHLOAE Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata sessilia, solitaria, oblongo-conoidea, apice rotundata,
ad basim contracta, vix nigre stipitata, glabra, fusca, 4 ad 5 mm
alta, 3 ad 4 mm diam., undique usque ad apicem ostiolis minutis-
simis hemiglobosis atris punctulata, intus nigra, carbonaceae.
Perithecia globulosa, innata, non prominentia, 100 /x diam. Asci
cylindracei, 50 x 5 ad 6 /x, I—, 8-spori. Sporae ellipsoideae,
plerumque 2-guttatae, 1-cellulares, fuscae, 7 ad 8 x 3 /x, 1-stichae.
Paraphyses filiformes.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 616. Ad Gigantochloam
Scribnerianam.
Eine durch ihre Kleinheit hochst auffallige Xylaria, zu Xyloglossa
gehorig, in den kleinen Sporen der X. fulvella B. & C. gleichend. X.
Trianae Lev. Ann. Sci. Nat. (1863) 292. (cfr. Sacc. Syll. 9: 525) hat
ebenso kleine Stromata, ist im tibrigen ganz verschieden.
XYLARIA (PENZIGIA) COMPUNCTA (Junghuhn) Berk. Dek. 482. Cfr.
Sacc. Syll. 1: 325; 9: 569.
Sphaeria compuncta Junghuhn, Praem. Jav. (1838) 21.
Hypoxylon compactum Fr. Symb. Myc. 130.
Penzigia compuncta Sacc. & Paoli, Myc. Malac. no. 100.
Sarcoxylon conjunctum Cooke, Grevillea 12: 50.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, C. F. Baker 479. Ad truncum
emortuum.
HYSTERIACEAE
LEMBOSIA Leveille
LEMBOSIA EUGENIAE Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium epiphyllum, plagas orbiculares, 0.5 ad 1.5 cm latas,
nigricantes, baud distincte marginatas, dilute cinereo-fuscidulas,
arete adnatas formans, demum late effusum. Hyphae mycelii
nudo oculo baud conspicuae, graciles, sparse utrinque ramosae,
septatae, 3 ad 4 p, latae, bypbopodia cylindracea, unilateralia, ?
2-cellularia, fusca, recta, 10 x 2.5 g gerentes. Peritbecia dis-
persa, sessilia, atra, glabra, recta, linearia vel subfusiformia,
rimoso-debiscentia, 0.15 ad 0.2 mm longa, 0.1 mm lata, centrifuge
contexta, ad basim in mycelium radiantia. Asci ovoidei 60 x 30
/X, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotundatae, rectae, medio
septatae et constrictae, demum fuscae, 20 ad 22 x 8 ad 9 g, balone
mucosa 5 g lata obductae. Parapbyses filiformes.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 682, 681. Ad folia Euge-
niae.
Steht der Lembosia decalvans f. Coccoli Pat. Ann. Jard. Buitenz. 1
(1897) 182 nahe, unterscheidet sich aber durch die Beschaffenheit des
Mycelium und ganz zerstreute Perithecien.
119145 5
262
The Philippine Journal of Science ms
BULGARIACEAE
HAEM ATOM YCES Berkeley & Broome
HAEMATOMYCES CARNEUS Rehm sp. nov.
Ascomata tremelloidea, orbiculatim multoties complicata, 1 ad
1.5 cm diam., 1 mm crassa, sinuato-lobata, gyrosa, obtuse
marginata, coriacea, subgelatinosa, carneo-rubescentia, ad basim
albescentia, glabra vel verrucosula, plectenchymatice contexta,
hyphis 4 ad 5 ja latis, sessilia. Asci cylindracei, apice rotundati,
crasse tunicati, 150 x 12 /x, I — , 8-spori. Sporae ellipsoideae,
utrinque obtusae, interdum subcurvatulae, 1-cellulares, magni-2-
guttatae, glabrae, hyalinae, 18 ad 20 x 9 fi, 1-stichae, Paraphyses
filiformes, obtusae, 2 y, crassae, hyalinae. Color ascomatis in
aqua solubilis.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 661. Ad fragmenta
lignea putrida, humijacentia.
Von Hohnel, Fragm. Myc. 6: 126, stellt, ebenso wie Saccardo, Syll. 8; 633
Haematomyces zu den Bulgarieae und zwar zunachst Ombrophila als unbe-
randete Form. Vorliegende vollig entwickelte Exemplare zeigen keine von
einer eigenen Gehause-Bildung ausgehende deutliche Berandung.
OMBROPHILA Fries
OMBROPHILA HELOTIOIDES Rehm sp. nov.
Apothecia sessilia, cyathoideo-stipitata, disco demum orbicu-
lariter explanato, tenuissime marginato, usque ad 5 mm diam.,
stipite cylindraceo, 1 ad 1.5 mm longo, 0.3 mm lato, aurantiaco-
rubra, stipite sicco albescente, carnoso-gelatinosa, parenchy-
matice contexta. Asci cylindracei, apice rotundati, usque ad
180 x9 fji, 8-spori, I — . Sporae fusiformes, rectae vel subcur-
vatae, utrinque acutatae, 1-cellulares, hyalinae, 20 ad 24x3 p,
distichae. Paraphyses filiformes 1 g, ad apicem dilute flavidulam
1.5 g.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, C. F. Baker 528. Ad ramum emortuum.
In Form und Farbe der Ombrophila roseola Bres. in Hedwigia (1896)
296, Sacc. Syll. 14: 802, sehr nahe stehend, aber durch die grossen Sporen
ganz verschieden, ebenso von Ombrophila aurantiaca Massee und 0. rubes-
centi-rosea Rehm (Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 16: 767).
PEZIZACEAE (MOLLISIACEAE)
MELITTOSPORIOPSIS Rehm
MELLITOSPORIOPSIS GIGANTOSPORA (Rehm) Sacc. & Sydow in Sacc.
Syll. 16: 752.
Melittosporiopsis violacea Rehm f. gigantospora Rehm in Hedwigia
(1892) 92.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 681 b. Ad folia Euge-
niae.
Auf den von den Resten einer ? Seynesia schwarz auf der Oberseite
VIII, c, 4 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, II 263
bedeckten Blattern finden sich kleine Ansiedelungen des herrlichen Pilzes.
Von Hohnel, Denkschr. Ak. Wiss. Wien 33 (1907) 32, stellt ihn als Flechte
zu Goniothecium Wainio, Etud. zur Class. Nat. (1890) 29.
ASCOBOLACEAE
ASCOPHANUS Boudier
ASCOPHANUS TESTACEUS (Moug.) Phill. Man. Brit. Disc. 310, pi. 9,
f. 58.
Peziza testacea Moug. in Fries El. Fung. 2 (1838) 11.
Helotium testaceum Berk. Outl. (1860) 372.
Ascobolus testaceus Berk. Ann. Nat. Hist. 1082, tab. H, f. 5.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F. Baker
503. Ad telam putrescentem in humo.
ASCOBOLUS Persoon
ASCOBOLUS LATUS Penz. & Sacc. Malpighia (1901) 218; Ic. Fung. Jav.
tab. 56, f. 3. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 18: 119.
Apothecia gregaria, primitus globosa, dein explanata, demum
irregularia, obtuse marginata, extus pallide flavescentia, glabra,
disco brunneolo, 3 mm ad 1.5 cm diam., sicca complicata, extus
corrugata, margine saepe lacerato, disco atro. Asci clavati,
longe stipitati, usque ad 300 x 25 p, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae,
baud reticulatae, glabrae, hyalinae, dein fusco-purpureae, 20 ad
22 X 10 fi, in asci superiore parte distichae. Paraphyses fili-
formes, 3 p crassae, ad apicem vix latiores, septatae, gelatinose
flavidule conglutinatae et lodii ope coerulee tinctae. Hypothe-
cium hyalinum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Doctor E. B. Copeland, comm. C. F.
Baker 656. Ad fimum equinum.
Entspricht, abgesehen von 1. c. “paraphysibus sursum clavulatis, luteo-
lis, 6-7 M cr.” mit dieser erweiterten Beschreibung der 1. c. gegebenen so
vortrefflich, dass die Identitat angenommen werden kann.
TRYBLIDIACEAE
TRYBLIDIELLA Saccardo
TRYBLIDIELLA RUFULA (Spreng.) Sacc. Syll. 2: 757. Cfr. Rehm, Ann.
Myc. 2: 524; Theissen, Ann. Myc. 6: 534.
Hysterium rufulum Spreng. Vet. Ak. Holm. (1820) 20.
Tryblidiella Balansae Speg. Sacc. Syll. 9: 1110.
Tryblidium quaraniticum Speg. Sacc. Syll. 9: 1103.
Rhytidhysterium quaraniticum Speg. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 16: 666.
Rhytidhysterium javanicum Penz. & Sacc. Syll. 14: 534.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 668. Ad caules emortuos
Paramigynae longipedunculatae.
TRYBLIDIELLA IVI I N DAN AENSIS P. Henn. Hedwigia 47 (1908) 261.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 32, 527, 31.
Schliesst sich eng an Tryblidiella rufula an, durch stumpfe, kiirzere
Apothecien und schwarze Fruchtscheibe verschieden.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
Vol. VIII, No. 4, July, 1913.
ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE FUNGI, WITH NOTES AND DE-
SCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES. PART I: MICROMYCETES.
By H. and P. Sydow
{Berlin, Germany)
The fungi here recorded have been gathered by various col-
lectors in different parts of the Philippine Islands, and have been
submitted to us by Mr. E. D. Merrill, Manila, and by Mr. C. F.
Baker, Los Banos, for determination.
MICROSTROMA Niessl
MICROSTROMA PH I LI PPl N ENSE Syd. sp. nov.
Hypophyllum, minutum, niveum, sparsum vel aggregatum,
baud maculicolum, caespites 0.5 ad 1 mm latos subinde confluendo
majores efformans; basidiis lineari-cylindraceis, 50 ad 100 y.
longis, 8 ad 10 ju, crassis, erectis, fasciculatim per stomata
erumpentibus, continuis, hyalinis; sporis oblongo-fusiformibus
vel anguste ellipsoideis, continuis, hyalinis, 4 ad 8 /x longis, 2 ad
3 y latis, sterigmatibus brevissimis suffultis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 626, January 7,
1913. On living leaves of Derris sp.
USTILAGO Persoon
USTILAGO BURSA Berk.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Merrill 7908, May, 1911. In the ovaries
of Themeda triandra.
USTILAGO SORGHI (Pass.) Lk.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, near Dupax, Bur. Sci. H360
McGregor, March, April, 1912. In the ovaries of Andropogon halepensis
var. propinqua.
TILLETIA Tulasne
TILLETIA OP AC A Syd. sp. nov.
Boris ovaria incolentibus eaque omnino destruentibus et in
corpora atra 1 ad 1.5 cm longa transformantibus, pulverulentis ;
sporis perfecte globosis, 17 ad 24 y diam., primo fuscis, tandem
obscure castaneo-brunneis et opacis, densissime minutissime et
regulariter reticulatis.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Paranaque, W. R. Shaw, July, 1911. In the
ovaries of Spinifex squarrosus.
265
266 Philippine Journal of Science i9i3
UROMYCES Link
UROMYCES APPENDICULATUS (Pers.) Lk.
COMIRAN Island (Sulu Sea), Merrill 7159, September, 1910; on leaves
of Vigna lutea. Luzon, Province of Rizal, San Pedro Macati, Merrill 7U75,
March, 1911; on leaves of Vigna sesquipedalis.
UROMYCES HEWITTIAE Syd.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F.
Baker 772, January 30, 1913. Aecidium stage on leaves of Hewittia sp.
UROMYCES MUCUNAE Rabh.
Luzon, Manila, Merrill S 83, April, 1909. On leaves of Mucuna lyonii.
UROMYCES MALLOTl P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 637, January 7,
1913. Uredinial stage on leaves of Mallotus moluccanus.
UROMYCES LINEARIS B. & Br.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 7463, January, February, 1911;
Merrill 8379, March, 1912: Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker
774, January 30, 1913. On leaves of Panicum repens.
PUCCINIA Persoon
PUCCINIA CONGESTA B. & Br.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, San Pedro Macati, Merrill 7476, March, 1911,
on leaves of Polygonum tomentosum: Subprovince of Benguet, Merrill 7925,
May, 1911, on leaves of Polygonum sjj.
PUCCINIA HETEROSPORA B. & C.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Merrill S 134, December, 1912.
On leaves of Sida javensis.
PUCCINIA PHILIPPINENSIS Syd. sp. nov.
Soris uredosporiferis hypophyllis, sparsis, epidermide diutius
tectis, usque 1 mm longis, cinnamomeo-brunneis ; uredosporis
globosis vel subglobosis, rarius late ellipsoideis, minute brevi-
terque echinulatis, flavo-brunneis, 13 ad 18 g diam., episporio
1.5 ad 2 g crasso, poris germinationis duobus praeditis; soris
teleutosporiferis hypophyllis, sparsis, usque 1 mm longis, tandem
nudis, atris; teleutosporis oblongo-clavatis vel clavatis, apice
rotundatis, truncatis vel acutiusculis, vix vel modice incrassatis
(usque 7 g), medio parum constrictis, basi plerumque attenuatis,
flavidis usque brunneolis, 35 ad 50 g longis, 12 ad 16 g latis,
pedicello brevissimo ; paraphysibus numerosis, coalitis.
Luzon, Manila, Merrill S 38, September 7, 1912, on leaves of Cyperus
polystachyus (Pycreus odoratus) : Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F.
Baker 636, January 7, 1913, on Cyperus rotundus.
VIII, c. 4 Sydoiv: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
267
The uredo-stage of this species has formerly been described as Uredo
pJiilippinensis Syd.' The species is related to Puccinia Romagnoliana Maire
& Sacc., but dilfers by the smaller uredospores and teleutospores.
PUCCINIA ROMAGNOLIANA Maire & Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 657, January 10,
1913. On leaves of Cyperus iria.
PUCCINIA MERRILLII P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill
S 85, November 3-17, 1912. On leaves of Smilax bracteata.
HEM I LEI A Berkeley & Broome
HEMILEIA CANTHII B. & Br.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 7U70, January, February, 1911. On
leaves of Plectronia (Canthium) peduncularis.
AECIDIUM Persoon
AECIDIUM BLUMEAE P. Henn.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 74-66, January, February, 1911.
On leaves of Blumea laciniata.
AECIDIUM CLERODENDRI P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Pablo to Nagcarlan, Merrill 7484,
February, 1911, on leaves of Clerodendron fragrans; Los Banos, C. F.
Baker 740, January 20, 1913, on leaves of Clerodendron sp.: Province of
Rizal, vicinity of Manila, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 37, September 22,
1912, on Clerodendron intermedium.
AECIDIUM KAERNBACHII P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Pablo to Nagcarlan, Merrill 7485,
February, 1911, on leaves of Lepistemon flavescens: Province of Bataan,
Mount Mariveles, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 86, November 3-17, 1912,
on Merremia vitifolia.
UREDO Persoon
UREDO PREMNAE Koord.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 15982 Graff,
February 23-28, 1912. On leaves of Premna cumingiana.
UREDO DESMIUM (B. & Br.) Fetch.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 325, October 20,
1912. On leaves of Gossypium sp.
UREDO ABRI P. Henn.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Merrill S 97, December 7, 1912. On leaves
of Abrus precatorius.
UREDO DIOSCOREAE-ALATAE Rac.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 91, December
2, 1912. On leaves of Dioscorea alata.
Ann. Myc. 4 (1906) 32.
268 The Philippine Journal of Science ms
PHYLL ACTINIA Leveille
PHYLLACTINIA SUFFULTA (Rebent.) Sacc.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 35, September
27, 1912. On leaves of Morns alba.
MELIOLA Fries
MELIOLA INTRICATA Syd. sp. nov.
Amphigena vel culmicola, maculas orbiculares vel oblongas
2 ad 8 cm longas sparsas vel confluentes atras formans ; mycelio
ex hyphis densissime intertextis et rete fere continuum effor-
mantibus ramosis septatis fuscis 7 ad 11 /x, latis composito;
hyphopodiis capitatis numerosissimis, alternantibus, 18 ad 26 /x
longis, rectis vel curvatis, cellula superiore 10 ad 14 /x crassa
rotundata vel parum lobato-incisa, inferiore 4 ad 8 /x longa 5 ad
7 /X lata; setis mycelicis numerosis, rigidis, erectis vel basi
abrupte geniculatis, atris, opacis, apice acutiusculis, 500 ad 800
/X longis, 12 ad 17 /x crassis ; peritheciis paucis in quaque macula,
globosis, 150 ad 200 /x diam., atris, tuberculatis ; ascis late ovatis,
2- ad 4-sporis, mox evanescentibus ; sporidiis oblongis, 4-septatis,
leniter constrictis, utrinque obtusis, fuscis, 32 ad 38 /x longis, 11
ad 12 /X latis.
Luzon, Manila, Merrill 7152, August, 1910. On leaves and culms of
Scirpus grossus.
The densely interwoven threads of the mycelium provided with very
numerous hyphopodia and the thick setae are characteristic of this species.
MELIOLA DICHOTOMA B. & C.
Negros, Cabancalan, Merrill 6767, March, 1910. On leaves of Phrag-
mites karka.
MELIOLA JASMINICOLA P. Henn.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 7^69, January, February, 1911. On
leaves of Jasminum samhac.
MELIOLA MANGIFERAE Earle.
Mycelio hypophyllo, maculiformi, maculas atras 2 ad 10 mm
diam. eiformante, modice evoluto, saepe etiam leniter eifuso, ex
hyphis ramosis dense intertextis atro-brunneis opacis 8 ad 11 /x
crassis anastomosantibus composito ; hyphopodiis mucronatis
numerosis, alternantibus vel oppositis, 25 ad 30 /x longis, 2 ad 9
/X crassis; hyphopodiis capitatis rarioribus, variabilibus bicellu-
laribus, rectis yel varie irregulariterque curvatis, 18 ad 24 /x
longis, 10 ad 12 /x latis; setis mycelicis numerosissimis, 550 ad
720 /X longis, basi 9 ad 10 crassis, erectis, rigidis, atris, opacis,
rarius apicem versus dilutioribus, diformibus, aliis simplicibus
apice obtusulis, aliis ad apicem breviter 2- ad 4-furcatis ; perithe-
VIII, C, 4
Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
269
ciis sparsis, globosis, 140 ad 160 //, diam., rugulosis, saepe
collabentibus ; ascis ovatis, 2- vel 3-sporis, fugacibus; sporidiis
crasse ellipsoideo-oblongis, utrinque late rotundatis, 4-septatis,
valde constrictis, 45 ad 50 fi longis, 19 ad 22 fi latis.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 112,
October, 1912. On the lower surface of languishing leaves of Mangifera
indica.
The broad sporidia and moreover the very numerous, long, biformed
setae are characteristic for this species. The above description has been
drawn after the Philippine specimens. These agree perfectly with the
type from Porto Rico. We have nowhere seen a description of this species;
perhaps it has not yet been published by the author.
MELIOLA SUBSTENOSPORA von Hohnel.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 120,
October, 1912. On leaves of Rottboellia ophiuroides.
DIM ERIN A Theissen
DIMERINA GRAFFII Syd. sp. nov.
In mycelio Meliolae parasitica ; hyphis tenuibus, Meliolae
mycelium ambientibus, olivaceo-fuscidulis vel viridulo-fuscidulis,
ramosis, remote septatis, anastomosantibus, 1.5 ad 2.5 g latis;
peritheciis densiuscule dispositis, globosis, atris, astomis, glabris,
levibus, 90 ad 130 g diam., contextu firmo parenchymatico ex
cellulis 7 ad 9 /i'longis composite ; ascis clavatis vel crasse cylin-
draceis, apice obtusis, sessilibus, filiformiter paraphysatis, 25 ad
35 /X longis, 12 ad 15 g latis, octosporis; sporidiis distichis,
oblongis, utrinque rotundatis, medio 1-septatis non vel vix
constrictis, hyalino-viridulis, 10 ad 12 /x longis, 3 ad 3.5 /x latis,
cellula superiore parum latiore.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Limay, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 98,
November 3-19, 1912. On the mycelium of an undeterminable Meliola on
the upper leaf-surface of Gmelina philippensis.
DIMEROSPORINA von Hohnel
DIMEROSPORINA PUSILLA Syd. sp. nov.
Epiphylla, sparsa, maculas minutissimas oblongas 1 ad 3 mm
longas 0.1 ad 0.2 mm latas atras formans; subiculo superficiali,
tenui, membranaceo, parce evoluto, cellulose, ubique setis
numerosis erectis rigidis opacis obscure fuscis ad apicem obtusis
leniterque dilatatis 2- vel 3-septatis 40 ad 55 /x longis 5 ad 8 /x
latis obsito; peritheciis numerosis, globulosis vel globoso-obpiri-
formibus, 35 ad 60 p, altis, 25 ad 50 p, latis, basi late rotundatis
et hypha brevissima suffultis, superne etiam rotundatis et prime
clausis, tandem imperfecte ostiolatis, contextu tenaci olivaceo-
fuligineo ex cellulis polygonalibus 5 ad 8 /x latis composite ; ascis
270 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
pluribus (4 ad 8) in quoque perithecio, ovatis, antice crasse
tunicatis, aparaphysatis, 20 ad 28 fi longis, 16 ad 20 /x latis,
octosporis; sporidiis conglobatis, oblongis, utrinque rotundatis,
medio vel circa medium 1-septatis, non vel vix constrictis,
hyalinis, 15 ad 18 /x longis, 3.5 ad 4.5 /x latis.
POLILLO, Mount Malulud, Bur. Sci. 9093 a Robinson, August, 1909. On
living leaves of Lophatherum gracile.
Although the subiculum is only very poorly developed, yet the fungus
undoubtedly sho-ws a close relationship to the genera Dimerosporina and
Balladyna. We place it in the former genus, as there are more than one
ascus in each perithecium.
EUTYPA Tulasne
EUTYPA BAM BUSINA Penz. & Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill
S 12Jt, November 3-19, 1912. On dead bamboo.
MYCOSPHAERELLA Johanson
MYCOSPHAERELLA PERICAMPYLI Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis distinctis, orbicularibus vel irregularibus, 1.25 ad 1.5
cm latis, centro demum exaridis, margine elevato purpureo
cinctis ; peritheciis numerosis in quaque macula, epiphyllis,
applanato-globulosis, 60 ad 90 /x diam., poro circiter 15 ad 25 /x
lato pertusis, atris, contextu subopaco fusco circa porum
obscuriore indistincte parenchymatico ; ascis cylindraceo-clavatis,
fasciculatis, aparaptiysatis, 35 ad 45 /x longis, 9 ad 13 /x latis,
octosporis; sporidiis distichis, oblongo-fusoideis, rectis vel sub-
rectis, utrinque obtusis, medio 1-septatis, non constrictis, hyalinis,
12 ad 15 /X longis, 3 ad 4 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 1600i Graff,
February 23-28, 1912; Los Banos, C. F. Baker 638, January 7, 1913. On
living or languishing leaves of Pericampylus incanus.
MYCOSPHAERELLA ROUREAE Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis distinctissimis, irregularibus, 2 ad 10 mm diam., in
epiphyllo albidis vel albo-griseolis, in hypophyllo sordide ochra-
ceo-brunneis, saepe angulatis ; peritheciis epiphyllis, sparsis,
minutis, atris, tectis, 70 ad 100 /x diam., poro pertusis, contextu
parenchymatico fuscidulo ; ascis fasciculatis, aparaphysatis,
clavato-saccatis, 35 ad 40 p longis, 10 ad 14 p latis, octosporis;
sporidiis distichis vel tristichis, elongato-oblongis, circa medium
1-septatis, non constrictis, hyalinis, 15 ad 18 p longis, 3 ad 3.5
p latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, near shore, between Limay and Lamao,
P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 101, November 3-19, 1912. On leaves of
Rourea erecta.
VIII, c. 4 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 271
MYCOSPHAERELLA ALOCASIAE Syd.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 16019 Graff,
February 23-28, 1912. On leaves of Alocasia sp. Negros, Cabancalan,
Merrill 6770, March, 1911, on leaves of Alocasia macrorrhiza.
MYCOSPHAERELLA CREBERRIMA Penz. & Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, For. Bur. 1965^. Foxworthy,
December 28, 1911. On languishing leaves of Erythropalum scandens.
DIDYMOSPHAERIA Fuckel
DIDYMOSPHAERIA STRIATULA Penz. & Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 71,
October 19, 1912. On dead Bambusa sp.
PLEOSPHAERULINA Passerini
PLEOSPHAERULINA PHASEOLI Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, irregularibus, 0.3 ad 2 cm longis, ares-
centibus ; peritheciis epiphyllis, sparsis, immersis, dein erumpen-
tibus, lenticulari-globosis, 85 ad 130 p, diam., poro 25 ad 35 p
lato pertusis, membranaceis, atris, contextu pallide fuligineo;
ascis saccatis, sessilibus, apice rotundatis, 85 ad 110 p longis,
20 ad 35 p latis, octosporis, aparaphysatis ; sporidiis distichis,
oblongis, utrinque obtusis, transverse 3- vel saepius 4-septatis,
non vel vix constrictis, cellulis 2 vel 3 mediis septo uno longi-
tudinal! vel obliquo percursis, hyalinis, 24 ad 28 p longis, 8 ad
10 p latis.
Luzon, Manila, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 52, September 9, 1912.
On living leaves of Phaseolus semierectus.
TEPHROSTICTA (Sacc. & Syd.) Syd. genus novum
TEPHROSTICTA FICINA Syd. sp. nov.
Subiculo tenuissimo, epiphyllo, late effuso, totam folii super-
ficiem plerumque occupante, baud maculiformi, nigro-cinereo, ex
hyphis longiusculis subhyalinis usque fuscidulis crebre septatis
4 ad 7 p crassis ad septa dein plus minus constrictis et monili-
formibus tandem in articula secedentibus composite; peritheciis
in subiculo aequaliter dispersis, superficialibus, globoso-hemis-
phaericis, mox collapsis, nigris, glabris, levibus, 140 ad 190 p
diam., apice poro rotundo minutissimo epapillato pertusis, 8 ad
10 p diam. composite ; ascis fasciculatis, clavatis, sessilibus, apice
rotundatis et crasse tunicatis, 50 ad 65 p longis, 17 ad 22 p
latis, aparaphysatis, octosporis; sporidiis distichis, ellipsoideo-
oblongis, utrinque late rotundatis, horizontaliter 5- ad 7-septatis,
272 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
loculis paucis vel omnibus longitudinaliter vel oblique 1- vel
2-septatis, hyalinis, 28 ad 35 ix. longis, 10 ad 13 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 570, January 7,
1913. On living leaves of Ficus ulmifolia.
Tephrostieta Sacc. & Syd. was published in Ann. Myc, 2 (1904) 162
as a subgenus for T eichosporella Negeriana Sacc. & Syd. We now believe
that it is certainly worthy of generic rank, differing too much from Teichos-
porella by the presence of a subiculum, by the collapsing perithecia, the
lack of paraphyses, the growth on living or languishing leaves, etc. Teph-
rosticta Sacc. & Syd. is accordingly raised herewith to the status of a
genus.
OPHIOBOLUS Riess
OPHIOBOLUS SERIATUS Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis aggregatis vel saepius bene seriatis, matrice
inflatula diu omnino tectis, e mutua pressione irregularibus,
atris, 300 ad 450 p diam., glabris, levibus, ostiolo matricem
inflatulam vix punctiformi-perforante ; ascis cylindraceo-clavatis,
brevissime stipitatis, apice rotundatis vel leniter attenuatis, 90
ad 110 p longis, 8 ad 13 /x latis, octosporis; sporidiis elongato-
fusoideis, utrinque attenuatis, continuis, sed pluriguttulatis,
hyalinis, 55 ad 75 ;ix longis, 3 ad 4 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 663, January 10,
1913. On dead culms of Bambusa.
The species is similar in habit to Ophiobolus javanicus Penz. & Sacc., but
differs especially by its much longer asci and sporidia.
ANTHOSTOMELLA Saccardo
ANTHOSTOMELLA CALOCARPA Syd. sp. nov.
Sparsa vel aggregata, subinde confluens ; pseudostromate
orbicular! vel elliptico, 600 ad 1,000 p longo, nitido, aterrimo;
perithecio singulo in quoque pseudostromate, globuloso, papillate,
300 ad 400 p diam.; ascis clavatis, apice rotundatis, 110 ad 130
p longis, 16 ad 21 p latis, filiformiter paraphysatis, octosporis;
sporidiis monostichis usque subdistichis, ellipsoideis, continuis,
utrinque rotundatis, primo hyalinis, mox amoene intenseque
luteo-brunneis, 22 ad 26 p longis, 11 ad 13 /x latis, membrana
crassiuscula (2 ad 3 /x).
Luzon, Manila, - Merrill S 55, October 7, 1912. On dead sheathing bases
of leaves of Pandanus tectorius.
In Hedwigia 47 (1908) 263, Hennings has described a Sphaeropsis
Pandani on leaves of Pandanus laevis from Davao, Mindanao. We have
examined Hennings’ original material, and have found that it contains
two different fungi, both Ascomycetes, namely Linospora Pandani Syd.
and Anthostomella calocarpa Syd. Hennings, when describing the above-
mentioned Sphaeropsis, overlooked the asci. Such a fungus as Hennings
VIII, c, 4 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
273
described, therefore, does not exist. The spores of his Sphaeropsis are
in reality the ascospores of our Anthostomella. As there still exists an
Anthostomella Pandani (Rabh.) Sacc., from India, the specific name
Pandani of Hennings cannot be maintained for our species. The Indian
fungus, of which we have seen the type, in Rabenhorst’s Fung. eur. no.
2338 differs widely by much smaller perithecia and sporidia.
ROSELLINA DeNotaris
ROSELLINIA LAM PROSTOM A Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis sparsis vel laxe gregariis, superficialibus, levibus,
glabris, e basi lata conoideis, atris, opacis, nitide papillatis, basi
0.75 ad 1 mm latis, 0.75 ad 1.25 mm altis, subiculo nullo; ascis
cylindraceis, breviter stipitatis, 150 ad 200 p longis, 15 ad 17 p.
latis, octosporis ; paraphysibus non visis ; sporidiis oblique monos-
tichis, oblongo-fusoideis vel naviculiformibus, utrinque acutis,
fuligineis, continuis, 38 ad 52 p longis, 8 ad 12 latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci: 15966 Graff,
February, 1912. On dead branches.
The species comes near Rosellinia decipiens Penz. & Sacc., especially in
the form and size of the sporidia, but differs by the conical, not globose
perithecia.
ROSELLINIA BAMBUSAE P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill
S 125, November 3-19, 1912. On dead climbing bamboo.
ROSELLINIA COCOES P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill
S 28, February 22, 1912. On dead Calamus sp.
NUMMULARIA Tulasne
NUMMULARIA ANTHRACODES (Fr.) Mont.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 15937 Graff,
February 23-28, 1912. On dead bark.
HYPOXYLON Bulliard
HYPOXYLON STYGIUM (Lev.) Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 15955 Graff,
February 23-28, 1912. On dead bark.
HYPOXYLON ANNULATUM (Schw.) Mont.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 762U, March, 1911.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, C. M. Weber 1233, March-July, 1911.
On dead bark.
HYPOXYLON MARGINATUM (Schw.) Berk.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, C. M. Weber 1231, March-July, 1911.
On bark.
274 The Philippine Journal of Science i9is
XYLARIA Hill
XYLARIA ANISOPLEURA Mont., forma.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, vicinity of Dupax, Bur. Sci. 1^352
McGregor, March, April, 1912.
XYLARIA GRACILENTA Syd.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Merrill 7539, February,
1911. On sticks.
KRETZSCHMARIA Fries
KRETZSCH MARIA GOMPHOIDEA Penz. & Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sei. 159^9 Graff,
February 23-28, 1912. On dead bark.
AM PH ISPH AERI A Cesati & DeNotaris
AMPHISPHAERIA BAMBUSINA Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis solitariis vel binis, trinis aut quaternis seriatim
dispositis, applanato-globulosis, primitus immersis, dein plus
minus erumpentibus et laciniis matricis ruptae semper cinctis,
levibus, atris, papilla obtusa nitidula instructis, 700 ad 1,000 p,
diam., carbonaceis, pariete circa 70 ad 100 p crasso; ascis
clavatis, apice rotundatis, breviter stipitatis, 170 ad 210 p longis,
20 ad 30 p latis, octosporis; paraphysibus numerosissimis, den-
sissime stipitatis, hyalinis, 1 ad 1.5 p latis ; sporidiis monostichis
vel oblique monostichis, ellipsoideis vel ellipsoideo-oblongis,
utrinque late rotundatis, medio 1-septatis et constrictis, obscure
castaneo-brunneis, 32 ad 36 p longis, 15 ad 17 p latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Limay, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 127,
November 3-19, 1912. On dead culms of bamboo.
LORANTHOMYCES von Hohnel
LORANTHOMYCES SORDIDULUS (Lev.) von Hohnel.
Luzon, Subprovince of Bontoc, Vanoverbergh 1067, June, July, 1911, on
leaves of Lorantlius sp.: Subprovince of Benguet, Merrill 7915, May, 1911,
on Loranthus sp.: Province of Rizal, Antipolo, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill
S IH, October, 1912, on Loranthus Haenkeanus.
MEGALONECTRIA Spegazzini
MEGALONECTRIA PSEUDOTRICHIA (Schw.) Speg.
Mindanao, District of Davao, C. M. Weber s. n., September, October,
1911. On dead bark.
HYPOCREA Fries
HYPOCREA DEGENERANS Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus sparsis vel aggregatis, primitus immersis, dein
erumpenti-superficialibus, discoideo-pulvinatis, rotundatis, sem-
per convexis, matrici omnino lateque adnatis, 1 ad 2 mm diam.,
VIII, c, 4 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
275
extus atro-brunneis vel atris, intus vivide flavo-virentibus,
ostiolis peritheciorum non vel vix punctatis ; peritheciis distichis
usque tristichis, globoso-conicis ; ascis lineari-cylindraceis, parte
sporifera 60 ad 85 p. longa, 4.5 ad 6 ja crassis, octosporis ; sporidiis
biglobosis, hyalinis, levibus, intra ascos jam secedentibus, arti-
culis 4 ad 4.5 p diam.
Indo-China, Annam, Nha-trang, C. B. Robinson HIO, March, 1911. On
dead bark.
The species differs from others of the genus by the stromata, which
are not superficial from the beginning, but at first immersed. At first
sight the fungus looks like a Diatrype.
HYSTEROSTOMELLA Spegazzini
HYSTEROSTOMELLA PSYCHOTRIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus hypophyllis, plerumque plus minus dense aggre-
gatis, subinde 1-2 confluentibus, plerumque rotundatis, 0.5 ad
1.25 mm diam., atris, opacis, superficialibus, planis, membrana-
ceis, facile secedentibus, centre plerumque tuberculo minuto
punctiformi praeditis, marginem versus irregulariter radiatim
contextis ibique ex hyphis dense connatis fuscis 2 ad 3 p, crassis
compositis ; loculis irregulariter dehiscentibus, tandem late
apertis; ascis clavatis, apice rotundatis, deorsum leniter at-
tenuatis, subsessilibus, aparaphysatis, 32 ad 40 p longis, 8 ad 10
p latis, octosporis; sporidiis distichis, intra ascos tantum visis,
1-septatis, oblongis, circa 9 ad 12 /x longis, 3 ad 4 p latis, fus-
cidulo-coerulescentibus, sed baud jam maturis.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 78,
October 11, 1912. On living leaves of Psychotria lugoniensis.
It is a pity that the specimens are not quite mature. Although we have
seen the sporidia only in the interior of the asci, yet we believe they are two-
celled with a bluish tint. In habit, the fungus has the same appearance as
Hysterostomella Myrtacearum Rehm. Perhaps the measurements of the
sporidia must later be corrected when ripe material has been examined.
SCHI20THYRIUM Desmazieres
SCHIZOTHYRIUM ACERIS (P. Henn. & Lindau) Pat.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Merrill 7910, May, 1911. On leaves of
Acer sp.
ASTERINA Leveille
ASTERINA CASSIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Mycelio tenui, epiphyllo, maculiformi vel plus minus effuso,
atro, ex hyphis tenuibus dilute fuscis dense ramosis 3 ad 4 p,
crassis parce septatis (articulis longitudine variabilibus, mox
15 ad 20 p, mox multo longioribus) composite; hyphopodiis baud
numerosis, plerumque alternantibus, rarissime oppositis, con-
276 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
tinuis, erectis, fuscis, saepe varie lobatis, 9 ad 12 /x longis, 4 ad
5 fx latis; peritheciis dense aggregatis, rotundatis, 100 ad 140 /x
diam., applanatis, stellatim dehiscentibus, tenuibus, contextu
griseo-viridulo ex hyphis 2.5 ad 3 /x latis strato simplici radiato-
contextis peripherice subinde hyphis paucis flexuosis brevibus
fimbriatis ; ascis ovato-globosis, aparaphysatis, 26 ad 34 /x longis,
22 ad 28 /x latis, octosporis; sporidiis oblongis, utrinque rotun-
datis, medio 1-septatis, non vel leniter constrictis, levibus, 16 ad
20 IX longis, 6 ad 7 /X latis, ex hyalino fuscis, loculis aequalibus;
pycnidiis similibus copiose praesentibus, minoribus, 70 ad 90 /x
diam.; conidiis continuis, semper angulatis, obscure olivaceo-
fuscis, subopacis, 12 ad 14 /x diam.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Limay, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 90,
November 3-17, 1912. On living leaves of Cassia timer iensis.
ASTERINA ELMERI Syd.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, vicinity of Dupax, Bur. Sci. H363
McGregor, March, April, 1912: Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, M. Ramos,
comm. Merrill S 113, October, 1912; Antipolo, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill
S 6Jt, October 18, 1912. On leaves of Champereia manillana (C. cumin-
giana) .
ASTERINA SPONIAE Rac.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 68, Oc-
tober 20, 1912. On leaves of Trema amboinensis.
ASTERINA LAWSONIAE P. Henn. & E. Nym.
Luzon, Manila, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S i2, December 15, 1911.
On leaves of Lawsonia inermis.
ASTERINA LAXIUSCULA Syd. sp. nov.
Mycelio epiphyllo, parce vel modice evoluto, tenui, laxo, effuso,
ex hyphis castaneo-brunneis 4 ad 5 /x crassis ramosis remote
septatis formato; hyphopodiis alternantibus, continuis, obtusis,
rectis, crasse cylindraceis, 6 ad 10 /x longis, 4 ad 6 ;ti crassis,
castaneis; peritheciis mox laxe sparsis, mox magis aggregatis,
applanatis, rotundatis, extus atris, stellatim dehiscentibus, 150
ad 220 [X diam,, contextu opaco ex hyphis fuscis 3 ad 4 /x crassis
composite, ambitu parum vel modice fimbriatis; ascis ovatis,
aparaphysatis, 55 ad 75 /x longis, 40 ad 50 g latis, octosporis;
sporidiis conglobatis, oblongis, utrinque late rotundatis, medio
1-septatis et constrictis, ex hyalino fuscis, levibus, 32 ad 40 g
longis, 15 ad 18 g latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 7620 (type),
March, 1911, on living leaves of Sideroxylon angustifolium. Mindanao,
District of Zamboanga, Santa Cruz Island, Merrill S U3, December 4, 1911,
on leaves of Sideroxylon ferrugineum.
VIII, c, 4 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 277
PHYLLACHORA Nitzsche
PHYLLACHORA AFZELIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus epiphyllis, sparsis, leniter prominulis, rotundatis,
0.5 ad 2 mm latis, nitidulis, atris, intus pluriloculatis, ob loculos
prominulos leniter rugulosis; ascis clavatis, 50 ad 60 p. longis,
11 ad 14 p latis, octosporis; sporidiis fusiformibus, utrinque
acutis, continuis, hyalinis, 18 ad 24 p longis, 4,5 ad 5.5 p latis;
stylosporis simul praesentibus filiformibus, varie curvis, con-
tinuis, hyalinis, tenuissimis, 17 ad 25 p longis, 0.75 p latis.
Mindanao, District of Cotabato, For. Bur. 1825 Miranda, For. Bur.
H238 Tdrrosa, May, June, 1912. On living leaves of Afzelia (Intsia)
bijuga.
PHYLLACHORA DISCHIDIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus in utraque foliorum pagina conspicuis, sparsis,
rotundatis, 1 ad 2 mm diam., atris, opacis, planiusculis, sub-
levibus, loculos 12 ad 25 includentibus ; ascis cylindraceis, apice
obtusis, brevissime stipitatis, indistincte paraphysatis, 85 ad
105 p longis, 9 ad 11 /A latis, octosporis; sporidiis distichis, fusi-
formibus, continuis, hyalinis, 24 ad 27 p longis, 5 ad 6 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 7623, March, 1911.
On living leaves of Dischidia rosea.
PHYLLACHORA PAHUDIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus epiphyllis, hypophyllo plus minus conspicuis,
innatis, lenissime prominulis, in greges orbiculares 3 ad 10 mm
diam. concentrice dispositis, minutis, rotundatis, 0.25 ad 0.5
mm diam., subinde confluentibus et majoribus, atris; ascis jam
resorptis; sporidiis fusiformibus, utrinque attenuatis, continuis,
hyalinis, 16 ad 19 p longis, 3.5 ad 5 p, latis.
Cebu, For. Bur. 19515 Cenahre, December, 1910. On living leaves of
Pahudia rhomboidea.
PHYLLACHORA ROUREAE Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus epiphyllis, in hypophyllo etiam visibilibus, zona
circa 1 mm lata ochraceo-brunnea circumdatis, immersis, planis,
hand prominulis, rotundatis, 1.5 ad 2.5 mm diam. ; loculis 5 ad
10 in quoque stromate, minutis; stylosporis filiformibus, rectis
vel leniter curvatis, uno fine saepe latioribus quam altero,
hyalinis, continuis, 24 ad 46 p longis, 1 ad 1.5 p latis; ascis
sporidiisque immaturis tantum visis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, P. W. Graff, comm.
Merrill S 103, November 3-19, 1912. On living leaves of Rourea erecta.
119145 — 6
278
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
PHYLLACHORA LAGUNENSIS Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis epiphyllis, rotundatis, fuscidulis, 3 ad 8 mm diam.,
leniter depressis; stromatibus hypophyllis, nunquam epiphyllis,
in greges maculas opposites densiuscule distributis, minutis, non
vel vix confluentibus, 0.5 ad 1 mm diam., rotundatis, convexis,
centre nitidis, intus paucilocularibus ; ascis cylindraceo-clavatis,
60 ad 80 fx longis, 8 ad 12 latis, octosporis ; sporidiis subglobosis
vel late ellipsoideis, continuis, hyalinis, 9 ad 11 longis, 7 ad 9
/X latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 22286 a Mariano, January, 1911.
On living leaves of Ficus Hauili.
The new species conies near Phyllachora apoensis Syd., which also grows
on the under leaf-surface. It differs, however, by the densely aggregated
stromata and the smaller sporidia.
PHYLLACHORA FICl-FULVAE Koord.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Merrill 791U, May, 1911, on Ficus vali-
dicaudata: Province of Rizal, Montalban, Merrill 62i0, 62^0 a, November,
1908, on leaves of Ficus odorata; Antipolo, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S
116, October, 1912, on leaves of Ficus ulmifolia; Manila and vicinity,
Merrill 7U68, January, February, 1911, on Ficus ulmifolia: Province of
Laguna, San Pablo to Nagcarlan, Merrill 7^86, February, 1911, on leaves
of Ficus odorata; Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 15988 Graff, February 23-28,
1912, on leaves of Ficus ulmifolia.
Many forms of Phyllachora have been found on different species of
Ficus in the Philippines. All those listed above agree in the size and
the irregular disposition of the stromata on the upper side of the leaves,
and in the shape and size of the sporidia, 9 to 12 /x long and 6 to 9 («■ broad.
We consider all these forms to belong to a single but variable species.
They agree fairly well with Koorders’ P. Fici-fulvae, hence we have so
named the specimens. However, some other species, such as P. Kaem-
bachii P. Henn. and P. Fici-minahassae P. Henn., seem not to differ from
P. Fici-fulvae, and must very probably be united with Koorders’ species.
The oldest name, then, would be P. Kaembachii P. Henn.
PHYLLACHORA ELMERI Syd.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Butuan, Bur. Sci. 15929 Fenix, August, 1912.
On leaves of Ficus blepharo stoma.
PHYLLACHORA INFECTORIA Cke.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 7622, March, 1911.
On leaves of Ficus sp.
PHYLLACHORA YAPENSIS (P. Henn.) Syd. comb. nov.
Dothidella yapensis P. Henn. in Hedwigia 41 (1902) Beibl. 64.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. mtS McGregor, March,
April, 1912, on leaves of Derris sp.: Province of Laguna, Mount Ma-
quiling, Bur. Sci. 1598k, 15990 Graff, February 23-28, 1912, on Derris
elliptica.
We have compared these collections with the type of Dothidella yapensis
P. Henn., and have found them to be identical. Hennings has stated that
VIII, c, 4 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
279
the sporidia are bicellular. The type as well as the Philippine specimens,
however, have only unicellular sporidia, which measure 7 to 12 m in length
and 4 to 5 in breadth. Hence the fungus must be placed in the genus
Phyllachora.
PHYLLACHORA COICIS P. Henn.
Luzon, Manila, Merrill S 57, December, 1911. Mindanao, Subprovince
of Bukidnon, Bur. Sci. 15793 Fenix, August, 1912. On leaves of Coix
lacryma-johi.
PHYLLACHORA SORGHI von Hohnel.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 15979 Graff,
February 23-28, 1912. On leaves of Andropogon halepensis.
PHYLLACHORA SACCH ARI-SPONTAN El Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus amphigenis, in utraque foliorum pagina con-
spicuis, maculis flavido-pallescentibus saepe rufo- vel sanguineo-
marginatis insidentibus, saepe etiam sine maculis, sparsis vel
paucis laxe seriatim dispositis, oblongis, 0.5 ad 1.75 mm longis,
0.33 ad 0.75 mm latis, carbonaceis, subopacis; loculis seriatim
dispositis, minutis ; ascis clavatis, subsessilibus vel breviter
stipitatis, 75 ad 100 g longis, 18 ad 22 g latis, filiformiter para-
physatis ; sporidiis distichis, fusiformibus, utrinque leniter
attenuatis, continuis, hyalinis, intus minute guttulatis, 22 ad 27
g longis, 7.5 ad 8.5 g latis ; stylosporis simul praesentibus breviter
filiformibus, rectis vel leniter curvulis, hyalinis, 16 ad 22 g longis,
O. 75 ad 1 latis.
Luzon, near Manila, Bur. Sci. 16075 Graff, December 1, 1911. On
leaves of Saccharum spontaneum.
The Phyllachora on Saccharum spontaneum, which is not rare in the
Philippine Islands, has hitherto been regarded as the same as P. Sacchari
P. Henn., found on Saccharum officinarum. It has, indeed, the same gen-
eral appearance as the latter, but differs in the form of the sporidia.
These are elliptic or ovate, broad, and measure 15 to 22 by 10 to 13 u
in P. Sacchari, whereas those of P. Sacchari-spontanei are longer but
narrower, and fusiform in shape. We have examined two specimens of
each form from different localities, and have found the difference in the
shape and size of the sporidia to be constant. We do not hesitate, there-
fore, to regard the form on S. spontaneum as a distinct species.
PHYLLACHORA CYNODONTIS (Niessl) Sacc.
Luzon, Manila, and vicinity, Merrill 8378, March, 1912; Merrill 7i65,
January, February, 1911. On leaves of Cynodon dactylon.
PHYLLACHORA GRAMINIS (Pers.) Fuckel.
Negros, Cabancalan, Merrill 6761, March, 1911. On leaves of Digi-
taria consanguinea.
PHYLLACHORA STENOSPORA (B. & Br.) Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill S 133, November,
1912. On leaves of Panicum patens.
280
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
PHYLLACHORA SHIRAIANA Syd.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill
S 108, November 3-19, 1912. On leaves of Schizostachyum acutiflorum.
DOTH IDEA Fries
DOTHIDEA PTEROCARPI Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus epiphyllis, superficialibus, sparsis vel paucis
aggregatis, rotundatis, hemisphaerico-pulvinatis, atris, opacis,
0.33 ad 1 mm diam., rugulosis; loculis paucis, 1 ad 5 in quoque
stromate, majusculis; ascis cylindraceo-clavatis, apice obtusis,
48 ad 60 fi longis, 10 ad 16 /x latis, octosporis ; sporidiis distichis,
ovato-oblongis vel oblongis, valde inaequaliter 1-septatis, fusco-
brunneis, 10 ad 13 p, longis, 5 ad 7 p. latis, cellula basali 3 ad 4
fjL tantum longa.
Cebu, For. Bur. 19514 Cenabre, December, 1910. On languishing leaves
of Pterocarpus indicus.
DOTH I DELLA Spegazzini
DOTHIDELLA ALBIZZIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus epiphyllis, sparsis, rotundatis, minutissimis, 0.2
ad 0.5 mm diam., atris, intus plerumque 1-locularibus, raro
2-locularibus ; ascis clavatis, apice rotundatis, 55 ad 75 p, longis,
14 ad 19 jx latis, octosporis; sporidiis oblique monostichis usque
distichis, ellipsoideis, utrinque late rotundatis, medio 1-septatis
et valde constrictis, primo hyalinis (tandem dilutissime fusci-
dulis ?) , 12 ad 16 p longis, 5 ad 6 p, latis.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, For. Bur. 19513 Alvarez, October,
1910. On living leaves of Albizzia marginata.
MUNKIELLA Spegazzini
MUNKIELLA M ELASTOM ATA von Hohnel.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 7619, March, 1911.
On leaves of Melastoma fuscum.
Phyllachora aggregatula Syd., described in Ann. Myc. 8 (1910) 38,
and living on the same host plant, must be united -with Hohnel’s Munkiella
melastomata. The sporidia have a very small basal cell, which is easily
overlooked.
RHYTISMA Fries
RHYTISMA LAGERSTROEMIAE Rabenh.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 12 Foxworthy, January, 1906. On
leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa.
The fungus has been renamed Rhytisma Lagerstroemiae P. Hennings
in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 262. Asci and sporidia of the fungus are not yet
known.
VIII, c, 4 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
281
PHYLLOSTICTA Persoon
PHYLLOSTICTA BAKERI Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, primitus irregularibus, angulatis, 3 ad
10 mm diam., dein plus minus confluentibus et magnam partem
spatii inter nerves primaries eccupantibus, albescentibus, linea
elevata fusce-purpurea cinctis ; pycnidiis epiphyllis, sparsis,
immersis, minutissimis, atris, 60 ad 90 ft diam., pere vix cens-
picue, centextu subepace irregulariter parenchymatice ; sperulis
numeresissimis, exiguis, eblengis, 2 ad 2.5 p. lengis, 1 /x latis,
hyalinis; basidiis nen visis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 628, January 7,
1913. On languishing leaves of Bauhinia malaharica.
SEPTORIA Fries
SEPTORIA BAKERI Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis epiphyllis, erbicularibus vel irregularibus, parum
marginatis, 3 ad 6 mm diam., serdide echraceis; pycnidiis
epiphyllis, sparsis, minutissimis, 50 ad 70 p, diam., ebscure
brunneis; sperulis filifermibus, 20 ad 30 fx lengis, 1 p, latis,
hyalinis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 633, January 7,
1913. On living or languishing leaves of Leucas sp.
LASIODIPLODIA Ellis & Everhart
LASIODIPLODIA THEOBROMAE (Pat.) Griff. & Maubl.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 7h6, January 20,
1913. On dead rinds of Theobroma cacao.
LASMENIA Spegazzini
LASMENIA FICINA Syd. sp. nov.
Strematibus epiphyllis, innatis, retundatis vel irregularibus,
0.75 ad 2 mm diam., phyllachereideis, atris, nitidulis, superficie
undulatis; leculis paucis vel usque 10 in queque stremate,
angulate-glebulesis, nuclee fusee farctis ; sperulis glebulese-
disceideis, centinuis, levibus, fuligineis, 7 ad 9 diam.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, Bur. Sci. 987i Robinson,
March 5-7, 1910. On living leaves of Ficus disticha.
The fungus undoubtedly belongs to a species of Phyllachora.
EPHELIS Fries
EPHELIS CARICINA Syd. sp. nov.
Stremate albide-grisee, effuse, spicas ebtegente easque ex tete
defermante, scleretieidee ; cupulis erumpentibus, circa 0.75 ad
1.25 mm diam., erbicularibus, griseelis; basidiis erectis, sub-
282
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
hyalinis, circa 100 jx longis ; sporulis filiformi-fusoideis vel acicu-
laribus, continuis, hyalinis, minute guttulatis, utrinque acutis,
6 ad 13 /I longis, 1 jx latis.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, Merrill 6897, April, 1910. On spikes of Carex
Rafflesiana.
ASCHERSONIA Montagne
ASCHERSONIA NOVO-GUINEENSIS P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 619, January 7,
1913: Province of Rizal, Antipolo, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 69, October
15, 1912. On leaves of Ficus ulmifolia.
GLOEOSPORIUM Desmazieres & Montagne
GLOEOSPORIUM VANILLAE Cke.
Luzon, Manila, Merrill 705U, November, 1909. On dead leaves of Vanda
sanderiana.
GLOEOSPORIUM CANAVALIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Acervulis subcutaneis, tandem parum erumpentibus, plerum-
que densiuscule et aequaliter distributis, rotundatis vel irreg-
ularibus, 90 ad 130 longis, pallidis, obscurius marginatis;
conidiis oblongis, utrinque obtusis, continuis, hyalinis, varie
guttulatis, 15 ad 18 ^ longis, 5.5 ad 8 latis; basidiis subnullis.
Luzon, near Manila, Merrill S 96, December 7, 1912. On dead stems
of Canavalia turgida.
COLLETOTRICHUM Corda
COLLETOTRICHUM EUCHROUM Syd. sp. nov.
Acervulis epiphyllis, plerumque aggregatis, erumpentibus,
minutissimis, 60 ad 90 g diam., amoene roseis; setulis paucis in
quoque acervulo, rigidis, 3- vel 4-septatis, fuscis, 45 ad 80 fx
longis, 3 ad 4 /X crassis ; conidiis irregulariter cylindraceis, rectis,
utrinque obtusis, continuis, hyalinis, 14 ad 20 g longis, 4 ad 5
latis; basidiis brevissimis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F.
Baker US, September 2, 1912. On languishing leaves of Euphorbia nerii-
folia.
COLLETOTRICHUM PANDANI Syd. sp. nov.
Acervulis dense gregariis, plerumque apices foliorum longe
lateque arescentes occupantibus, rotundatis vel ellipticis, fusco-
brunneis, 60 ad 120 g longis, ad marginem setulis paucis brunneis
25 ad 50 g altis 2 ad 3 p, latis continuis vel 1-septatis obsitis;
conidiis oblongo-cylindraceis, continuis, utrinque rotundatis,
hyalinis, 14 ad 17 g longis, 3.5 ad 4.5 p. latis; basidiis non visis.
Luzon, Manila, Merrill S S3, October 5, 1912. On younger leaves of
Pandanus Veitchii.
VIII, c, 4 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
283
COLLETOTRICHUM PAPAYAE (P. Henn.) Syd.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F.
Baker 692, January 15, 1913. On dead petioles of Carica Papaya.
We place Hennings’ Gloeosporium Papayae, from Brazil, in the genus
Colletotrichum, as the fungus possesses straight or slightly curved, brown,
continuous setae, which are 25 to 50 long and 3 to 4 in breadth. On
the type material of Hennings nearly all the setae have fallen. On mate-
rial from Florida as well as on the Philippine specmens, the setae are
easily to be seen.
USTILAGINOIDEA Brefeld
USTILAGINOIDEA OCHRACEA P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bosoboso, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 111.
On Panicum auritum.
CONIOSPORIUM Link
CONIOSPORIUM CIRCUMSCISSUM (B. & Br.) Sacc.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Merrill S 109, December, 1912. On dead
twigs of Bambusa Blumeana.
CONIOSPORIUM VINOSUM (B. & C.) Sacc.
Negros, Cabancalan, Merrill 6759, March, 1910. On dead culms of
Saccharum officinarum.
CERCOSPORIDIUM Earle
CERCOSPORIDIUM HELLERI Earle.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 74.67, January, February, 1911. On
living leaves of Sphenoclea zeylaniea.
CERCOSPORA Fresenius
CERCOSPORA PERSONATA (B. & C.) Ellis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. C. F.
Baker 78, September 20, 1912. On leaves of Arachis hypogaea.
CERCOSPORA AMORPHOPHALLI P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 322, October 1,
1912. On leaves of Amorphophallus campanulatus.
CERCOSPORA GLIRICIDIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis hypophyllis, irregularibus, saepe vix distinctis, rose-
olis; caespitulis epiphyllis, irregulariter distributis, saepe aggre-
gatis, minutissimis, 50 ad 80 p diam., atris; hyphis fasciculatis,
e strato proligero oriundis, rectis, continuis vel raro 1- vel
2-septatis, simplicibus, pallidissime fuligineis, 20 ad 35 p, longis,
circa 3 ad 3.5 p crassis ; conidiis anguste obclavatis, rectis, 5- ad
12-septatis, guttulatis, primo subhyalinis, tandem fuligineis, 40
ad 75 p longis, 4 ad 5.5 p crassis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 624, January 7,
1913. On living leaves of Gliricidia sepium.
284 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
CERCOSPORA BAKERI Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, rotundatis, 4 ad 10 mm diam., flavo-
brunneolis; caespitulis hypophyllis, gregariis, sed minutissimis
et oculo nudo vix conspicuis, olivaceo-brunneis ; hyphis fascicu-
latis, simplicibus vel parcissime ramosis, remote septatis, usque
250 IX. longis, 3 ad 6 /x latis, dilute olivaceo-brunneis; conidiis
cylindraceo-clavulatis, utrinque obtusis, 3- ad 5-septatis, 30 ad
50 IX longis, 5 ad 6 ^ latis, dilute olivaceis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 719, Janaury 20,
1913. On living leaves of Clerodendron sp.
CERCOSPORA BIOPHYTI Syd. sp. nov.
Caespitulis hypophyllis, densiuscule gregariis et plerumque
totam foliolorum superficiem vel magnam eorum partem aequa-
liter obtegentibus, griseolis; hyphis fuscis, septatis, simplicibus,
brevibus vel etiam longiusculis, circa 3 ad 3.5 jx crassis; conidiis
cylindraceis, rectis vel leniter inaequilateris, utrinque obtusis, 4-
ad 7-septatis, fuscidulis, 28 ad 45 fx longis, 3 ad 4 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 617, January 7,
1913. On living leaves of Biophytum sensitivum.
CERCOSPORA PANTOLEUCA Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, angulatis, nervulis limitatis, 2 ad 6 mm
longis, albis, linea angusta fusco-purpurea parum elevata margi-
natis; caespitulis amphigenis, minutissimis, 30 ad 60 /x diam.,
dense gregariis, sed non confluentibus, atro-brunneis ; hyphis
fasciculatis, brevibus, dilute fuligineis, simplicibus, 10 ad 25 /x
longis, 2 ad 2.5 p crassis; conidiis teretibus vel anguste ob-
clavatis, hyalinis, 3- ad 10-septatis, 30 ad 65 p longis, 2 ad
3 p latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 625, January 7, 1913.
On living leaves of Clitorea ternatea.
CERCOSPORA LITSEAE-GLUTINOSAE Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, orbicularibus, 1 ad 3 mm diam., fusci-
dulis; caespitulis hypophyllis, solitariis vel paucis in quaque
macula, minutissimis, atro-brunneis ; hyphis non conspicuis,
brevibus, fuscidulis; conidiis subcylindraceis, rectis vel leniter
inaequilateris, 4- ad 8-septatis, fuscidulis, 35 ad 70 p longis, 3
ad 4 /X latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 639, January 7,
1913. On living leaves of Litsea glutinosa.
CERCOSPORA TOSENSIS P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 63 U, January 7,
1913. On leaves of Solanum sp.
VIII. c, 4 Sydoiv: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
285
CERCOSPORA UBI Rac.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 87, September 16,
1912. On leaves of Dioscorea sp.
HELMINTHOSPORIUM Link
HELMINTHOSPORIUM RAVENELII B. & C.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Merrill 7911, May, 1911; Province of
Rizal, Bosoboso, M. Ramos, comm. Merrill S 117, October, 1912. On spikes
of Sporobolus elongatus.
HELMINTHOSPORIUM NODULOSUM B. & C.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, C. F. Baker 688, January 12,
1913. On spikes of Eleusine indica.
SPEGA2ZINIA Saccardo
SPEGAZZINIA MELIOLAE A. Zimmerman.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 16000 Graff,
February 23-28, 1912. On Meliola sp. on leaves of Triumfetta.
CEREBELLA Cesati
CEREBELLA PASPALI Cke. & Mass.
Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Merrill 7913, May, 1911. On Paspalum
scrobiculatum.
HYMENOPSIS Saccardo
HYMENOPSIS CUDRANIAE Mass.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Limay, P. W. Graff, comm. Merrill S 9i,
November 3-12, 1912. On leaves of Cudrania javanensis.
Errata
In “Descriptions of Some New Philippine Fungi,” supra, page 196, line
10 from top, in place of Derris sp. (aff. D. ellipticae Benth.), read Aglaonema
densinervium Engl.
[Vol. VII, No. 2, including pages 65 to 138, was issued April 19, 1913; No. 3,
including pages 139 to 196, was issued May 14, 1913.]
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BROWN, WILLIAM H. The Phenomenon of Fatigue in the
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THE PHILIPPINE
Journal of Science
C. Botany
VOL. VIII NOVEMBER, 1913 No. 5
DAILY GROWTH MOVEMENTS OF LAGERSTROEMIA
By Edwin Bingham Copeland
{From the College of Agriculture, University of the Philippines,
Los Banos, P. I.)
Curvatures due to growth, made and eliminated regularly in
each twenty-four hour period, are well known as phenomena of
the growth of the young leaves, or young flowering branches or
shoots, of many plants. They have been most carefully and ex-
tensively studied by Darwin,^ who called them “nyctitropic.”
Pfeffer, who also made a careful study of these movements,
designated them as “nyctinastic,” because, while they are caused
by the succession of day and night, the direction of curvature
is independent of the illumination. The only statement known
to me as to the occurrence of nyctinastic curvatures in leafy
branches is one in Pfeifer’s Pflanzenphysiologie, ed. 2, 2: 484,
to the effect that they have been observed by Vdchting in the
branches of Mimulus Tilingii.
What Vochting reports ^ is not a movement of the ordinary
vegetative branches, but of flowering branches which incidentally
bear leaves: “Dieselben Vorgange, die wir an der Hauptachse
beobachten, linden sich wieder an den Seitengliedern, wenn diese
Bliitenstande bilden, und zwar sowohl an den kleineren, als
an den grdsseren.” He made no real study of the cause of the
movement, but says: “Doch glaube ich auf Grund einiger
Beobachtungen annehmen zu dtirfen, dass die fragliche Streck-
ung theilweise auf dem Einflusse der Schwerkraft, theilweise
und vielleicht hauptsachlich auf dem der Rectipetalitat beruht.”
The temperature also is believed ■ to be one of the controlling
factors.
' Power of Movement in Plants, Chapters VI and VII.
“ Berichte Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 16 (1898) 37.
120864
287
288 The Philippine Journal of Science i9is
Very conspicuous movements of the kind in question are shown
by the young branches of Lagerstroemia speciosa (L) Pers., more
commonly known as L. Flos-Reginae, a tree widespread in the
Eastern Tropics wherever there are distinct wet and dry seasons,
and commonly cultivated because of its gorgeous floral display.
The tree is completely deciduous, at least under our conditions.
Late in the dry season, but without waiting for the rains to
begin, the buds begin to develop, springing from the axils of
the leaves of the preceding season; no leaves are borne on the
old wood. On each surviving branch of whatever order, the
most distal bud assumes somewhat the character of an apical
bud, those lower down giving rise to the season’s lateral
branches; the distinction is not sharp, the terminal and lateral
twigs shading from one to the other. The lowest of the latter
are usually rudimentary. The season’s terminal shoot and the
upper lateral branches may be expected to bear panicles of
flowers, which the lower lateral branches as a rule do not. How-
ever, the growth of the latter is most definitely and peculiarly
limited. After the due number of nodes have been formed and
have grown out of the bud, and while the growth of the inter-
nodes and leaves is most rapid, growth in thickness stops
abruptly at the last node which is to be permanent (for the
S2ason) . Above this point, the shoot reaches a length of perhaps
a centimeter, the leaves remain minute, and the exposed stem
becomes hardly half a millimeter thick, while immediately below
it the diameter may be four or five times as great. This stunted
tip drops off before the growth below it is complete. Because
of this blasting of the tip, the curve representing the growth of
successive zones from the apex downward will be very peculiar
if the chosen length of zones is very short.
All growing branches, the rudimentary basal ones in so far as
they grow, the lateral ones whose growth is terminated by the
loss of the tip, and the flowering apical ones, are alike in exhibit-
ing marked daily movements. At the height of the season’s
growing period, these movements, carrying along the most of the
foliage which has already developed, change the whole appear-
ance of the tree. The petioles of the young leaves exhibit their
own movements at the same time, but these have been reported
upon sufficiently in the cases of other plants.
A tree of Lagerstroemia grows by the path between my office
and residence so that I habitually pass it in the early morning,
at noon, and in the evening. The difference in appearance at
different hours during its period of rapid growth was so striking
that on April 13 I began a study of its behavior. All of the twigs
VIII, C, 6
Copeland: Growth of Lagerstroemia
289
on four small branches -were marked off with India ink into
zones each 5 mm long. At the same time the curvature of the
branch was traced by projection against a piece of paper. This
work began about 11 o’clock and took nearly two hours. At
intervals during the following few days the curves were traced
again in the same manner, and the growth by zones was measured
twice. The behavior of the twigs on the different branches
was essentially the same, so that it would be useless to publish
observations on them all. The accompanying cuts show the
curves of the twigs on branch No. 2 and the growth by zones up
to 12 noon April 14, or during the first twenty-four hours. The
cuts are reduced one half.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 5 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14;
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Growth.
3.6
3.2
3.0
3.0
3.2
2.6
2.2
Total.. 27.8, or 61.77 per cent.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 4.5 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 4.0
2 4.0
3 5.0
4 4.0
5 3.3
6 3.0
7 3.6
8 3.0
Total.. 29.9, or 74.75 per cent.
290
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 4.5 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14;
Zone. Gi’owth.
1 2.5
2 4.0
3 3.7
4 3.0
5 3.2
6 3.5
7 3.2
8 3.0
Total.. 26.1, or 61.25 per cent.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 3.5 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 3.5
2 4.0
3 4.0
4 3.0
5 3.5
6 3.0
7 2.5
Total.. 23.5, or 67.14 per cent.
VIII, C, 5
Copeland: Growth of Lagerstroemia
291
N
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 3.5 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 2.0
2 2.0
3 3.5
4 4.0
5 2.7
6 3.0
Total.. 17.2, or 57.33 per cent.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 2 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 2.0
2 1.8
3 1.3
4 1.0
Total.. 6.1, or 30.5 per cent.
292
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
2 G.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 7.5 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 3.6
2 4.0
3 4.5
4 4.0
5 3.4
6 3.0
7 2.0
9 ^ 10.0
10 -1
11 3.5
12 3.0
13 2.0
14 1.7
Total- 44.6, or 63.71 per cent.
7 a. m., 15-
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 10 cm.
Marked in 6 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 3.0
2 4.0
3 4.6
4 3.0
5 2.8
6 3.0
7 2.2
8 1.8
9 2.0
10 2.5
11 2.5
12 2.2
13 2.2
14 2.3
15 2.6
16 2.0
17 1.5
18 1.0
19 5
Total- 45.6, or 48 per cent.
VIII, C, 6
Copeland: Growth of Lagerstroemia
293
2 I.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 9 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14 :
Zone. Growth.
1 3.0
2 5.5
3 3.7
4 3.5
5 3.8
6 3.2
7 2.5
8 2.5
9 2.7
10 3.6
11 3.4
12 3.5
13 3.7
14 3.0
15 2.5
16 2.0
17 0
Total .... 52.1, or 65.125 per cent.
2 J.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 12 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 5.0
2 4.0
3 3.5
4 3.6
5 3.7
6 3.0
7 2.6
8 2.5
9 3.0
10 3.2
11 2.5
12 3.0
13 3.0
14 1.7
15 2.0
16 1.5
17 0
Total 47.7, or 57.125 per cent
of the growing region.
294
The Philippine Journal of Science
2 K. Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 8 cm.
11a. m., 13...
6 p. m., 13...
12 m., 14
4 p. m., 14...
6 and 8 p.
m., 14
7 a. m., 15...
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14 :
Zone.
1 .
2 .
3 .
4 .
5 .
6 .
7 .
8 .
10
Growth.
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.5
2.0
2.0
2.6
3.0
1.0
1.0
Total .... 21.1, or 42.2 per cent.
Length, 11 a. m., April 13, 4.5 cm.
Marked in 5 mm zones.
Increment, 12 noon, April 14:
Zone. Growth.
1 1.5
2 3.4
3 3.0
4 3.0
5 3.0
6 3.0
7 3.7
8 2.4
9 0
Total .... 23.0, or 57.5 per cent.
VIII, c, 5 Copeland: Growth of Lagerstroemia 295
To produce and eliminate during each day curvatures as great
as these must require decidedly rapid growth in length. The
tables which accompany the figures show how rapid this growth
is. On twigs which have not passed through their time of most
rapid elongation, there are usually some zones whose increment of
length during twenty-four hours is as much as 100 per cent.
All of the zones of the younger twigs elongate and the twig as
a whole is likely to elongate by as much as 60 per cent. Older
twigs of course grow more slowly than these, and their curva-
tures are correspondingly less conspicuous. The growing region
is always a long one, and in most cases a number of zones grow
about equally fast. However, a few twigs showed zones of
especially rapid elongation. The greatest increment observed in
any zone in twenty-four hours was 220 per cent.
With regard to the hours during which the curvatures took
place, it was observed that there was not absolute regularity
but that the different twigs varied by an hour or so in the begin-
ning of the downward movement and in its progress. In general
the twigs are straight, or as nearly so as the individual ones
become, by at least as early as 5 o’clock in the morning. No
observations were made earlier than this. They retain this
position for a number of hours longer. By 11 o’clock some, but
not all, of the twigs begin to curve downward. The curvature
is slow until about the middle of the afternoon, being most rapid
between 3 o’clock and 5 o’clock. By 6 o’clock many twigs have
assumed the night position, while others show some additional
curvature at 8 o’clock in the evening.
It is convenient to speak of a day position meaning that which
the twigs are found in during at least the forenoon, and of a
night position meaning that observed in the late evening, and
which is unchanged at least to 10 o’clock, which was the latest
hour at which observation was made. It should be observed,
however, that the day position is assumed during the night, and
that the night position is assumed during the day.
The position finally assumed by each twig when it ceases to
grow in length does not differ perceptibly from that which it
has occupied during the forenoons while it was growing. At
first sight this seems quite remarkable and it would rather have
been anticipated that the ultimate position would have been a
compromise between those previously assumed during the day
and during the night. The explanation is found in the fact
that the growing region is longer during the night than during
the day. Measurements were made of the growth from 6 o’clock
296 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
to 6 o’clock, and it was found that during the night all zones grow
which have grown during the preceding twelve hours of day ; but
that during each day the extreme back part of the region which
has elongated during the preceding night ceases to increase in
length. Obviously no zones curve when they do not grow, and
since the last growth of each zone takes place during the night,
when it is brought into the day position, it follows that this posi-
tion is the final one assumed, and that therefore all parts of each
twig come permanently into the day position. It may be re-
marked that the growth is in general somewhat more rapid at
night than it is during the day. However, this would not in
itself result in final assumption of the day position, if it were not
that the growing region is shorter during the day.
An attempt was made to determine the causes of the curvature.
From the regular succession of day and night positions, it is
obvious that those conditions subject to diurnal change are in
one sense the responsible factors. These are primarily the light,
and in a measure, perhaps, the temperature. Neither of these
can possibly be a directive stimulus. Light, or light and temper-
ature combined, act merely as conditions which determine the
response to other conditions which are directive. A priori the
curvatures might be assumed under the influence of gravity, or
of internal directive factors, tendencies known as hyponasty,
epinasty and rectipetality, or these internal factors and gravity
might be jointly responsible. As it was impracticable in dealing
with this kind of a subject to eliminate the action of gravity,
recourse was had to the scheme of reversing the position of a
branch.
Two of the branches already experimented with were long
enough so that it was practicable to bend them near the bottom
and bring the actively growing twigs through an angle of
180° so that what had been the upper side of each twig became
the lower. This was done at 7.30 in the morning, while the
twigs were in what is called the day position. Since the twigs
are not exactly the same shape, and do not stand at the same
angle toward the horizontal, they were unequally exposed to the
action of gravity after the position of the branch was reversed.
Some of them were so placed that epinasty and geotropism, as
tendencies possibly responsible for the day movement, were
brought into almost exact conflict. Other twigs fall into such a
position that the two possible conflicting forces acted obliquely to
one another. The result during the day was the development of
a diverse and decidedly complicated lot of curves. By evening.
VIII, C, 6
Copeland: Growth of Lagerstroemia
297
all of the more active growing twigs had assumed a more or less
spiral form, although none of them had made more than a single
turn. Within the following two days all actively growing twigs
had drawn out, making a single twist by which the distal part
of the twig had returned to its original position with regard to
the vertical.
The curves assumed during the first day showed that in the
case of actively growing twigs, gravity and internal tendencies
are jointly responsible for the curvatures and that the shares of
the two are on the whole not very unequal. The first curvatures
executed were performed under the influence of the internal
directive factors. In two of the active twigs whose position
was most exactly reversed, epinasty caused the distal part of
the twig to pass the vertical so that on this part positive geo-
tropism and epinasty then acted together, in the same direction.
Except in this case the action of gravity seemed after a few
hours to be more powerful with regard to the younger parts of
the twig than did the epinasty. On the older parts epinasty
retained the ascendency through the day with the result that
twigs which had almost ceased to grow executed almost the
usual daily curvature in the usual direction with regard to the
parent stem, and without any evident regard to the directive
action of gravity.
The observations which have just been reported, on the be-
havior of stems whose natural position with regard to gravity
had been reversed, furnish a satisfactory explanation of at
least the one class of torsions, which resulted when the twig
again became straight, with all but the oldest parts twisted into its
original position. In this case, it is perfectly obvious that the
torsion results from the conflict of two opposing directive agents,
of which, in this case, one is external and one internal.
Finally, it is of interest to note that the diurnal movements of
Lagerstroemia have a very obvious biological significance. The
young parts of twigs growing with such rapidity are inevitably
delicate and very easily broken. In the day position, they are
obviously much more exposed to danger from almost every en-
vironmental factor which might injure them than they are in
the night position. Mechanical injury due to the wind, and the
attacks of animals larger than insects, are the most evident
dangers from which the assumption of the night position affords
a measure of protection. The movements continue after the
leaves on the curving part of the stem develop an appreciable
area, and probably need to be exposed to ordinary illumination
298
The Philippine Journal of Science
for the sake of their own proper development even before they
begin to perform any considerable photosynthetic work. Dur-
ing the day, they occupy a position where they get whatever
advantages the light may bring; while the oldest parts perma-
nently assume this position. At night, when the exposure to
the light and its advantages is impossible, they assume a position
in which they are protected from the dangers incidental to the
day position.
The Philippine Journal op Science, C. Botany.
VoL. VIII, No. 5, November, 1913
ADDITIONS TO THE BASIDIOMYCETOUS FLORA OF THE
PHILIPPINES
By Paul W. Graff
{From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory,
Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I.)
HYMENOMYCETEAE
TREMELLINEAE
EXIDIA Fries
EXIDIA LAGUNENSIS Graff sp. nov.
Pileis erumpentibus, gelatinoso-carnosis, plicato-irregularibus,
ramosis, albis vel albo-flavis, 1.5 cm crassis, 2 ad 2.5 cm altis,
stipite brevissimo, badio, 5 mm crasso praeditis ; basidiis globosis,
4-sporis, 9 X 9 ad 10.5 g ; sterigmatibus praelongis, 7.5 ad 10.5 g
longis ; sporis oblongis, parvis, curvulis, 1.5 x 3 ad 3.5 g.
Pileus gelatinous-fleshy, branching, white to yellowish, 1.5 cm
broad, 2 to 2.5 cm high, with a hort stipe of a yellow-brown color,
5 cm in diameter. Basidia globose, 9 by 9 to 10.5 g, divided into
four cells by longitudinal partitions, 4-spored. Sterigmata elon-
gate, 7.5 to 10.5 g, usually as long as the basidia. Spores small,
oblong, curved, continuous, 1.5 by 3 to 3.5 g, hyaline.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 20972 Graff,
February 20, 1912, on decaying wood.
PILACRE Fries
PILACRE ORIENTALE Berk. & Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14 (1875)
101.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 9, August 29, 1912, on
dead wood.
POLYPOREAE
POLYPORUS Micheli
POLYPORUS ANEBUS Berk, in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 6 (1847) 504.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 297, October 31, 1912.
299
300
The Philippine Journal of Science
FOMES Fries
FOMES SEMITOSTUS Berk, in Hook. Journ. Bot. & Kew Gard. Misc.
6 (1854) 143.
Basilan, Isabela, Bur. Sci. 20975 Basilan Plantation Co., September, 1912,
on Hevea brasiliensis.
POLYSTICTUS Fries
POLYSTICTUS BOGORIENSIS (Holt.) Sacc. & Syd. in Sacc. Syll. Fung.
16 (1902) 157.
Polyporus bogoriensis Holt, in Mykol. Unters. Trop. (1898) 94.
Luzon, Subprovince of Ifugao, Mount Polis, Bur. Sci. 20377 McGregor,
February, 1913.
This species is also represented in our herbarium by a specimen from
Nha-trang, Annam, Indo-China, C. B. Robinson lil7, March, 1911.
TRAMETES Fries
TRAMETES GRISEA Pat. in Journ. de Bot. 11 (1897) 341.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Baker U6k, November 5,
1912.
FAVOLUS Fries
FAVOLUS ALBIDUS Massee in Bot. Tidsskrift 24 (1902) 217.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 56, September 17, 1912.
on dead fallen branches.
LASCHIA Fries
LASCHIA (FAVOLASCHIA) GOETZEI P. Henn. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 28
(1900) 322.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 67, September 22, 1912.
LASCHIA LUZON ENSIS (Murrill) Graff comb. nov.
Hexagona luzonensis Murrill in Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 35 (1908) 401.
Favolus luzonensis Sacc. & Trott. in Sacc. Syll. Fung. 21 (1912) 356.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, For. Bur. 75U1 Curran, September,.
1907, on dead wood.
This fungus, when dry, resembles very closely those members of the
genus Favolus for which MurrilTs genus Hexagona is a synonym; hence
the reason for the transfer by Saccardo and Trotter without their having
seen the fungus in question. As this species is gelatinous rather than
fleshy, with alveoli homogeneous with the pileus instead of being lamellate-
pored, its location in the genus Laschia seems the most reasonable.
LASCHIA PHILIPPINENSIS Graff sp. nov.
Pileis gelatinosis, reniformibus, planis, glabris, albis, 1 ad 1.5
cm longis, 1.5 ad cm latis, 1 ad 2 mm crassis, subsessilibus vel
stipitatis; stipite latere vel faciei dorsali afRxo, subcartilagineo,
cylindrico, 2 mm diametro; alveolis magnis, subhexagonis, inae-
qualibus, mediis latioribus 1.5 x 2 mm ; dissepimentis crassis.
VIII, c, 6 Graff: Additions to Basidiomycetous Flora 301
gelatinosis ; basidiis clavatis, 3.7 x 21 (i, 4-sterigmaticis ; sterig-
matibus curvulatis, 3 /x longis; sporis globosis, 4.5 hyalinis,
guttulatis.
Pileus soft and gelatinous, shrinking considerably when dried,
reniform, white, 1 to 1.5 cm long, 1.5 to 2 cm broad, and 1 to 2
mm thick, subsessile or short-stipitate, the stipe, when present,
lateral or on the dorsal surface. Stipe subcartilaginous, short-
cylindric, 2 mm in diameter. Alveoli large, subhexagonal, 1.5
by 2 mm. Dissepiments thick and gelatinous. Basidia club-
shaped, 3.7 by 21 fi, with 4 sterigmata. Sterigmata curved, 3 ja
long. Spores globose, hyaline, 4.5 n in diameter, guttulate.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 20980 Clemens,
May, 1912, on decaying wood.
AGARICINEAE
LEPIOTA Fries
LEPIOTA CHLOROSPORA Copel. in Ann. Myc. 3 (1905) 28; Govt. Lab.
Publ. 28 (1905) 143.
Luzon, Manila, Bur. Sci. 20979 Graff, August, 1912, growing on lawn.
This specimen has been identified by Doctor Copeland as identical with
his type which has been lost. The fungus was originally described as an
edible species but cases have come to note where it has acted as a violent
emetic. It seems, therefore, that discretion must be exercised in its use
as a food.
LENTINUS Fries
LENTINUS CAN Dl DUS Graff sp. nov. Plate VIII.
Pileis solitariis vel gregariis, carnoso-coriaceis, mollibus, ten-
uibus, candidis, infundibuliformibus, mox patentibus reflexisque,
glabris, alutaceis, 10 ad 15 cm latis, 10 ad 18 cm altis; margine
acuto, sublobato, involute ; stipite centrale, albo, cylindrico, rigido,
duro, solido, squamoso, 8 ad 12 cm longo, 1 ad 1.5 cm crasso;
lamellis confertis, angustis, membranaceis, postea furcatis vel
interdum anastomosantibus, albis ; basidiis clavatis, 5 x 19.5 jx ;
sterigmatibus 1.5 p. longis; sporis elliptico-rotundatis, 3x4.5 p,,
hyalinis.
Plants solitary to gregarious and clustered, pileus thin, coria-
ceous-fleshy in texture, pliable, white, smooth, the upper surface
resembling white fine-grained kid, funnel-shaped, at first ex-
panded but in old specimens becoming reflexed, measuring from
10 to 15 cm across and 10 to 18 cm high when mature, the margin
acute, involute and sublobate. Stipe central, white, solid, rigid
and quite hard, of nearly the same diameter throughout, 8 to 12
302
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
cm long, 1 to 1.5 cm in diameter, covered with fine flocculent
scales, somewhat striate. Lamellae compact, narrow, membra-
naceous, decurrent, dividing dichotomously, and later occasionally
anastomosing, white. Basidia club-shaped, 5 by 19.5 /i. Sterig-
mata 1.5 /x long, curved. Spores round-elliptic, 3 by 4.5 /x,
hyaline.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 168^.0 Reillo, July, 1912. Growing
on wood in forest.
LENTINUS LAGUNENSIS Graff sp. nov. Plate IX.
Gregarius, pileis carnoso-coriaceis, mollibus, tenuibus, fuscis,
infundibuliformibus, glabris, 10 ad 20 cm latis, 12 ad 25 cm
altis, margine lobato, mox patente refiexoque; stipite 8 ad 15
cm longo, 1 ad 2 cm crasso, rigido, duro, fibroso-corticato, solido,
substriato, fusco-villoso; lamellis prof unde decurrentibus, con-
fertis, angustis, membranaceis, albis, dein fiavis ; basidiis clavatis,
2.2 X 12 /X ; sterigmatibus 3 /x longis ; sporis hyalinis 2 x 3.5 /tx,
sphaeroideo-ellipsoideis.
Plants gregarious. Pileus thin, fleshy in texture, pliable,
brown, funnel-form, 10 to 20 cm broad, 12 to 25 cm high. Margin
irregularly lobate, becoming reflexed and somewhat lacerate when
old. Stipe 8 to 15 cm long, 1 to 2 cm thick, the thickness nearly
equal throughout except for a slight increase at the top as it
merges into the cap, interior white, spongy, solid, cortex fibrous,
brown-pubescent. Lamellae decurrent, narrow, compressed,
white, becoming yellowish-brown. Basidia club-shaped, 2.8 by 12
fi. Sterigmata 3 /x long. Spores colorless, 2 by 3.5 /x, round-
elliptic.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 16839 Ramos, June,
1912, in forest.
LENTINUS SUBNUDUS Berk, in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 6 (1847) 492.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Dupax, Bur. Sci. H373a, H37ia,
McGregor, March-April, 1912.
VOLVARIA Fries
VOLVARIA PRUINOSA Graff sp. nov. Plate X.
Pileis carnosis, primo hemisphaericis, obtusis, dein late ex-
panso-planis, centro non umbonato, perfecte orbicularibus, 3 ad
6 cm diam., pruinoso-albis, laevibus, viscidis, margine tenui,
albo vel dilutissime roseo; lamellis liberis, carneis, fragilibus,
rotundato-ventricosis, pallidis, dein roseis ; stipite recto, tereto, 4
ad 5.5 cm longo, basi vix incrassatulo, 7 ad 9 mm, medio subatten-
uato, 5 ad 6 mm, albo, e volva parva libera oriundo ; volva alba.
VIII, c, 6 Graff: Additions to Basidiomycetous Flora 303
9 ad 12 mm diam. ; sporis ellipticis, saepius inaequalibus, sursum
obtusis, deorsum rotundato-acutatis, 7.5 ad 8 x 13 ad 15 /i, roseo-
fulvis.
Pileus fleshy, at first globose to hemispheric, expanding to
form a flat round cap, 3 to 6 cm in diameter, frosty-white, soft,
smooth, viscous, with a thin white margin through which the
rosy color of the spores beneath often shows. Gills free from
the stipe, fragile, fleshy, well rounded, pale, becoming rosy.
Stipe erect, 4 to 5.5 cm long with a slightly enlarged base, the
diameter at the base 7 to 9 mm and near the middle 5 to 6 mm,
white, with a small volva. Volva white, globose, from 9 to 12
mm in diameter. Spores irregularly elliptic, apex obtuse, base
acute, 7.5 to 8 by 13 to 15 /x, rose-brown.
Luzon, Manila, Pasay, Merrill 8723, July 29, 1912. Found growing on
the sandy beach in the shade of Pandanus tectorius, near salt water.
NAUCORIA Fries
NAUCORIA MANILENSIS Graff sp. nov.
Solitaria vel gregaria; pileis camosis, hemisphaericis vel con-
vexo-planis, laevibus, glabris, hygrophanis, flavo-brunneis, pallide
marginatis, 2 ad 3 cm diam., came alba, margine introrse revoluto
dein recto, integro; lamellis tridymis, membranaceis, brunneis,
adnatis, 3 mm latis ; stipite fulvo-flavescente, cylindraceo, farcto,
fibrilloso-striato, 3.5 ad 5 cm longo, 2 ad 3 mm crasso, basi vix
incrassato ; basidiis clavatis, hyalinis ; sporis ellipticis, inaequilat-
eralibus, 6.5 ad 7.5 x 11 ad 12.5 /x, fuscis.
Plants solitary to gregarious, seldom more than three or four
in a cluster, attached at the base of the stipe, at first hemispheric
but soon expanding, 2 to 3 cm in diameter, fleshy, smooth, slightly
viscid when fresh, yellowish-brown, margin light with darker
center, flesh white, margin incurved, becoming expanded in old
specimens. Lamellae of three lengths, thick-membranaceous,
brown, adnate, 3 mm broad. Stipe of same color as margin of
the cap, cylindric, stuffed, fibrous, striate, 3.5 to 5 cm long, 2 to 3
mm thick, with a somewhat enlarged base. Basidia clavate,
hyaline. Spores elliptic, somewhat curved, 6.5 to 7.5 by 11 to
12 fi, brown.
Luzon, Manila, Bur. Sci. 2097 Jf Graff, May 28, 1913, in grass by roadside.
PANAEOLUS Fries
PANAEOLUS VELUTICEPS Cooke & Mass, in Grevillea 18 (1889) 4.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Bur. Sci. 1100^ Brown, December 29, 1911.
120864 2
304
1913
The Philippine Journal of Science
GASTEROMYCETEAE
PHALLOIDEAE
DICTYOPHORA Desvaux
DICTYOPHORA MERULINA Berk. cfr. Intellectual Obs. 9 (1866) 401,
Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 13 (1873) 172.
Dictyophora (Clautriavia) irpicina Pat. in Bull. Soc. Myc. France
17 (1898) 190.
Luzon, Manila, Bur. Sci. 20978 Graff, June 6, 1913, growing in grass by
roadside.
DICTYOPHORA PHALLOIDEA Desv. Journ. Bot. 2 (1809) 88.
Phallus indusiatus Ventenat in Mem. Inst. Nat. Sci. Arts Sci. Math.
Phys. 1 (1789) 520.
Hymenophallus indusiatus Nees in Syst. Pilze Schwamme (1817).
? Dictyophora campanulata Nees ex Leveille Mem. Soc. Linn. Paris
5 (1827) 449, pi. 13.
Dictyophora speciosa Kl. ex Meyen in Nov. Act. Acad. Nat. Cur. 19
(1843) Suppl. 1: 239, pi. 6. (Plate poor.)
Phallus {Hymenophallus) tunicatus Schlecht. in Linnaea 31 (1861-
1862) 123.
Mindanao, District of Davao, Copeland 865, April 9, 1904, Weber,
September-October, 1911 : Subprovince of Butuan, Butuan, Weber, No-
vember 23, 1911. Luzon, Province of Nueva Ecija, Cabanatuan, Bur. Sci.
5268 McGregor, September, 1908: Subprovince of Ifugao, Bur. Sci. 20976
McGregor, February, 1913.
ITHYPHALLUS Fries
ITHYPHALLUS IMPUDICUS (L.) Fries Syst. Myc. 2 (1823) 283.
Phallus impudicus Linn. FI. Suec. (1745) n. 1261.
Phallus vulgaris Micheli Nov. Plant. Gen. (1729).
Phallus foetidus Sowerby in Engl. Fungi (1803) pi. 329.
Phallus roseus Delile in Des. Egypte, Hist. Nat. 2 (1813) 300, pi. 59.
Hymenophallus hadriani Nees Syst. Pilze Schwamme (1817).
Phallus iosmos Berk, in Smith Engl. Flor. 5“ (1836) 227.
Phallus imperialis Schulzer ex Kelchbr. Ic. Select. Hymen. Hungariae
(1877) 63, pi. JO.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Sanchez 22, August, 1912.
MUTINUS Fries
MUTINUS BAMBUSINUS (Zoll.) E. Fischer in Ann. Jard. Bot. Buitenz.
6 (1886) 30, pi. J, 5.
Phallus {Cynophallus) bambusinus Zoll. Syst. Verzeich. Ind. Arch.
1 (1854) 11.
Leyte, Malitbog, Weber, January, 1912. Luzon, Province of Nueva
Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20977 McGregor, January, 1913, at the base of bamboo
stalks.
VIII, c, 6 Graff: Additions to Basidiomycetous Flora 305
SIM BLUM Klotzsch
SIM BLUM PERIPHRAGMOIDES Klotzsch in Hook. Bot. Misc. 2 (1831) 164.
Simblum periphragmaticum Corda Anleit. Stud. Mycol. (1842)
Ixxvi, 119.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, For. Bur. 20385 Curran, No-
vember, 1912.
LYCOPERDACEAE
CYCLODERMA Klotzsch
CYCLODERMA DEPRESSUM Pat. in Bull. Soc. Myc. France (1900) 182,
pi. 7.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 1865 Ramos, January, 1907, on decay-
ing wood of Artocarpus sp.
The spores of this species are evidently discharged by a horizontal rup-
ture of the peridium; the portions then separating, expose the contents for
dispersal.
TYLOSTOMA Persoon
TYLOSTOMA MUSSOORIENSE P. Henn. in Hedwigia 40 (1901) 337.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Copeland Hll, August 9, 1904,
terrestrial about decaying stump.
GEASTER (Micheli) Fries
GEASTER TRIPLEX Jungh. in Tidsskr. Nat. Geschied. 7 (1840) 287, pi.
Geaster cryptorhynchus Haszl. in Grevillea 3 (1874) 163, pi. U7.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Bukidnon, Bur. Sci. 15795 Fenix, August, 1912.
BOV I ST A Persoon
BOVISTA JON ESI I Graff sp. nov.
Subglobosa, sessilis, vix radicans, 1 ad 2.5 cm diam., 0.8 ad 2
cm alt. ; peridio papyraceo, albo dein flavo-brunneo vel brunneo ;
floccis minutis albis ostiolo lacero instructo; gleba primo alba,
compacta, aquosa, dein flava del flavo-brunnea, pulverulenta,
siccata ; capillitio subcompacto, flavo-brunneo, plus minus dichot-
ome ramosis, 2.5 ad 3 diam. ; sporis globosis, laevibus, exappen-
diculatis, flavo-brunneis, 3.8 ad 4 p, diam.
Pileus subglobose, sessile with a small slender tap-root from
which it readily breaks away when ripe, small, from 1 to 2.5 cm
in diameter and 0.8 to 2 cm high. Peridium thin and papery,
with numerous, minute, flocculent scales, white when young, but
with age becoming yellowish-brown and finally dark-brown.
Ostiole formed by an irregular rupture at the top. Gleba in
young specimens white and watery, changing to yellow and then
to yellow-brown, dry and powdery. Capillitium yellow-brown
306
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
when mature, subcompact, occasionally branched, 2.5 to 3 /x in
diameter. Spores globose, smooth, without appendages, yellow-
brown when ripe, 3.8 to 4 in diameter.
Luzon, Manila, Bur. Sci. 20973 C. R. Jones, May 29, 1913, growing on
lawn.
LYCOPERDON Tournefort
LYCOPERDON FURFURACEUM Schaeff. Fung. Bav. Palat. Icon. 3 (1770)
pi. 29U.
Lycoperdon pusillum Batch Elench. Fung. 2 (1789) 228.
Lycoperdon bovista Bolt. Hist. Fung. (1788-1791) 117.
Lycoperdon cepiforme Bull. Champ. (1791-1798) 435, non Chev.
Bovista pusilla Pers. Syn. Fung. (1801) 138.
Lycoperdon pratense Schum. Enum. Plant. Sael. 2 (1803) 193.
Globaria furfuracea Quel. Champ. Jura 3 (1873) 370, pi. 3.
Utraria furfuracea Quel. Enchir. (1886) 241.
Luzon, Manila, Copeland 1351, April 12, 1904, on lawn.
LYCOPERDON LILACINUM (Mont. & Berk.) Speg. in Anal. Mus. Nac.
Buenos Aires (1899) 110.
Bovista lilacina Mont. & Berk, in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 4 (1845) 64.
Luzon, Manila, Copeland 1352, June 10, 1904.
LYCOPERDON PI Rl FORME SchaefF. Icon. (1761) 189.
Lycoperdon ramosum Jacq. FI. Austr. (1773-1778) 224.
Lycoperdon ovoideum Bull. Champ. (1791-1798) 435.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Santo Tomas, Merrill 7921, May
21, 1911, on earth at an altitude of 1900 m.
LYCOPERDON TODAYENSE Copel. in Ann. Myc. 3 (1905) 25; Gov. Lab.
Publ. 28 (1905) 141.
Luzon, Manila, Merrill s, n., January, 1904, on earth. Bur. Sci. 11003
Brown & Graff, December 5, 1911, growing on lawn.
The latter was referred to Doctor Copeland for his judgment as to the
species, the type having been lost.
SCLERODERMA Persoon
SCLERODERMA AURANTIACUM Pers. Syn. Fung. (1801) 153.
Lycoperdon majus Vail. Bot. Paris (1727) 122, pi. 16, f. 8.
Lycoperdon cervinum Bolt. Hist. Fung. (1788-1791) 116.
Lycoperdon aurantiacum Bull. Champ. France (1791-1798) 168.
Scleroderma citrinum Pers. Syn. Fung. (1801) 153.
Lycoperdon tessulatum Schum. Enum. Plant. Sael. 2 (1803) 191.
Scleroderma squamatum Chev. FI. Gen. Paris (1827) 357.
Scleroderma v-ulgare Hornem. ex Kroyer in Nat. Tidsskr. 1 (1837)
1969, /. 2; Fries Syst. Myc. 3 (1829) 46.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Merrill 3689, January 1,
1904, on damp earth. Babuyanes Islands, Camiguin Island, Bur. Sci.
A17i Fenix, June-July, 1907.
VIII, c, 6 Graff: Additions to Basidiomycetous Flora 307
AREOLARIA Forquignon
AREOLARIA ? COLUMNARIS (Berk. & Br.) De Toni in Sacc. Fung. 7
(1888) 144.
Scleroderma columnare Berk & Br. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 14
(1875) 80.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, For. Bur. 7382 Curran, July, 1907.
POLYSACCUM DeCandolle
POLYSACCUM TUBEROSUM (Mich.) Fr. in Linnaea 5 (1830) 694.
Lycoperdoides tuberosum ferrugineum, arrhizon, pulpa nigra, Mich.
Nov. PI. Gen. (1729) 219, pi. 98, f. 2.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, For. Bur. 7537 Curran, September,
1907, on clay slope among bamboo.
I
i
ILLUSTRATIONS
(Photographs by Cortes)
Plate VIII
Lentinus candidus Graff sp. nov. Bur. Sci. 158 J^O Reillo (Type).
Fresh specimens showing the entire plant.
Plate IX
Fig. 1. Lentinus lagunensis Graff sp. nov. Bur. Sci. 16839 Ramos (Type).
Plant, showing the upper surface of the pileus.
2. The same, showing the lower surface. The photographs on this
plate are of dried specimens.
Plate X
Volvaria pruinosa Graff sp. nov. Merrill 8723 (Type).
Photograph of fresh specimens, x%.
GBAFF: PHILII’PINB Basidiomycetes.]
[Phil. Joubn. Sci.. VIII, C, No. 5.
PLATE VIII. LENTINUS CANDIDUS Graff.
Philippine Basidiomycetes.]
Graff: Philippine Basidiomycetes.]
[Phil. Journ. Sci., VIII, C, No. 6.
PLATE X. VOLVARIA PRUINOSA Graff.
The Philippine Journal op Science, C. Botany.
VoL. VIII, No. 5, November, 1913
CYRTANDRACEAE NOVAE PHILIPPINENSES, II
By F. Kranzlin
{Berlin, Germany)
AESCHYNANTHUS Jack
AESCHYNANTHUS EVERETTIANA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Holocalyx).
Caules tenues, glabri, nitidi, grisei, pauciramosi, radicibus
paucis obsiti, internodia 4 ad 5 cm longa. Folia numerosa,
brevissime petiolata, petiolis 2 mm longis, setosis, glabra, oblonga
vel ovato-oblonga, obtusa, rarius acutata, pergamenea, 3.5 ad
4.5 cm longa, 1.5 ad 1.8 cm lata. Inflorescentiae pauciflorae ex
axilla folii cujusdam apicalis orientes, pedunculus brevissimus,
dense setosus, pedicelli circ. 1 cm longi, sparsissime albo-pilosi
(pilis laxis). Calyx ample urceolaris, margine vix lobatus, 1
cm altus et in orificio latus, glaber. Corolla e basi angusta am-
pliata, in dorso curvata, lobi labii superioris erecti, subquadrati,
retusi, sinu angustissimo sejuncti, labii inferioris lobi laterales
late oblongi rotundati, reflexi, lobus intermedius inter formam
orbicularem et quadratam intermedius, margine revoluto, deflex-
us, tota corolla glabra, excepto margine sparsissime setoso, 3.5
cm longa 7-8 mm ampla. Stamina corollam paulum excedentia,
subaequilonga. Stylus gracili-fusiformis, dimidium tubi subsu-
perans, et in illo omnino obcelatus. Stigma et discus parvi.
Calyx fusco-purpureus, corolla plane purpurea. FI. Julio.
Negros, For. Bur. 5585 Everett.
A species between Aeschynanthus obconica C. B. Clarke and A. Mans
C. B. Clarke, but readily distinguished from both. Judging from herbarium
specimens it is a rather handsome plant.
AESCHYNANTHUS FIRMA Kranzl. sp. nov. {% HaplotricMum) .
Caulis dependens ? satis firmus, lignosus, brachiato-ramosus,
internodia 4.5 ad 5.5 cm longa. Folia brevi-petiolata, basi rotun-
data, ovata, acuta, crassissima, viva certe succulenta, petiolus 5
mm longus, lamina 8 ad 15 cm longa, 5 cm lata. Flores in axillis
foliorum versus apicem caulis (de inflorescentia nil certi proferre
audeo), pedicelli 6-7 mm longi, glabri. Calyx 8 ad 9 mm longus,
fere basin usque fissus, lobi anguste trianguli 7 mm. Corolla
leviter incurva e basi paulisper ampliose leviter contracta, deinde
311
312
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
denuo paulum ampliata, lobi orificii paulum evoluti, breves
margine minutissime fimbriati, illi labii superioris erecti, brevi-
spathulati, antice retusi, sinu parvo sejuncti, illi labii inferioris
semi-deflexi, angustiores, rotundati, tota corolla 2.5 cm longa,
5 ad 6 mm diam., lobis 3 ad 4 mm longis, excepto margine omnino
glabra. Stamina 4, 2 bene longiora quam tubus, 2 tubum vix
excedentia, antherae per paria conglutinatae. Stylus corollam
aequans, leviter fusiformis, stigma magnum, discus crassus, fere
pulvinaris, capsulae ad 18 cm longae. Flores certe purpurei.
FI. Julio, fructus Septembri, Octubri.
Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.
There are two specimens, one with flowers, one with fruits, the latter
differing from the former only in its larger leaves. The specific name has
been selected with regard to the unusual strength of the stem and leaves.
The flowers are the characteristic ones of the § Haplotrichium. It is im-
possible to determine from the material available whether the stems are
pendulous, or whether they climb along the trunks and branches of trees.
AESCHYNANTHUS GLOM ERI FLORA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Haplotrichium).
Caulis elongatus, tenuis, e nodis radices longas tenues emit-
tans, internodia 8 cm longa, interdum subbreviora aut longiora.
Folia brevi-petiolata, late ovata, acuta, 8 ad 12 cm longa, 4 ad 6
cm lata, petiolus 5 ad 10 mm longus, nervus medianus in dorso
crassissimus. Flores in glomerulos dispositi, pedunculo subnullo,
crasso, floribus delapsis quasi foveato. Pedicelli vix 1 cm longi,
minute pilosi. Calyx fere basin usque in lobos 5 anguste trian-
gulos fere lineares, acuminatos divisus, extus minute pilosus.
Corolla recta, extus minute pilosa, labii superioris lobi valde
approminati breves in unum fere uniti, sinu parvo sejuncti, re-
tusi, labii inferioris lobi laterales semicirculares, lobus interme-
dins late triangulus, acutus, deflexus, intus pilosus. Stamina
tubum paulum excedentia, filamentis superne valde tortis, infra
antheras dilatatis. Stylus brevissimus, ovarium breve, discus
globosus, totum gynaeceum vix tertiam partem totius corollae
aequans. Tota corolla 2.5 cm longa, stamina 2.8 cm, stylus cum
disco 8-9 mm, corolla alba et rubra esse dicitur; capsulae 15 ad
18 cm longae. FI, Augusto, Septembri.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 5257 Klemme: Province of
Tayabas, between Paete and Piapi, For. Bur. 9561 Curran. Mindanao,
Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.
A plant somewhat resembling Aeschynanthus philippinensis C. B. Clarke,
but with larger leaves. The flowers are rather insignificant, glomerate or
fascicled, probably appearing serially. The plant creeps or climbs along
the trunks of trees, the roots arising from the fascicles below the flowers.
The plant is presumably dimorphous. The ovary in the flower examined
was so reduced in size in comparison to the well developed stamens that
the supposition that the flower was a staminate one is probably correct.
VIII, C, 6
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
313
AESCHYNANTHUS ZAM BOANGENSIS Kranzl. sp. nov. (% Haplotrichium) .
Planta certe grandis. Caulis cujus summitas tantum adest,
firmus, internodia ad 10 cm longa. Folia petiolo apicem versus
curvato erecta, crassa, succulenta, oblonga, acuta, basi rotun-
data, petiolus ad 1 cm longus, lamina ad 14 cm longa, ultra
5.5 cm lata. Inflorescentiae pauciflorae nodosae, pedunculus
nullus, floribus delapsis foveatus, pedicelli circ 1 cm longi, basi
incrassati, ipsi et calyces glaberrimi. Calyx basi campanulatus
profunde fissus, lobis anguste triangulis, acuminatis, 6 ad 7 mm
longus. Corolla leviter curvata e basi ampla paulum dilatata, in
orificio brevi-lobata, lobi labii superioris vix sejuncti, retusi, lobi
laterales labii inferioris ovati obtusissimi, lobus intermedins
retusus, omnes plus minus conniventes, tota corolla extus et intus
glabra, pallide sanguineo-purpurea, 2.3 cm longa, 5 ad 6 mm
diametro. Stamina et stylus corollam aequantes vel stylus pau-
lisper longior. Capsula linearis 17 cm longa. FI. Februario.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Copeland s. n.
In many characters this species resembles Aeschynanthus glomeriflorus
Kranzl., but the leaves are larger, the flowers are entirely glabrous, and,
so far as I could determine from the four examined, hermaphrodite. The
material is not very copious and for that reason the inflorescence has not
been discussed in the description. In the specimen examined the flowers
are in the axils of the ultimate leaves, but this may not always be the case.
AESCHYNANTHUS PERGRACILIS Kranzl. sp. nov.
Epiphytica. Caulis gracillimus, tenuis, passim radicans, radi-
cibus filiformibus, cortex viridi-griseus, glaberrimus, internodia
4 ad 5 cm longa. Folia lanceolata, brevi-petiolata, tenui-coriacea,
basin versus angustata, acuminata, apice ipso tamen obtusa,
cum petiolo 3 ad 5 mm longo 4.5 ad 5 cm longa, medio 1.2 cm lata.
Flores semper bini ut videtur semper terminales, pedunculi 1 cm
longi, glabri, bracteae late ovato-oblongae, apice obtusissimae,
rotundatae, glabrae, 5 mm longae, 3 mm latae, pedicelli aequi-
longi, tenuissimi. Calyx obconicus, amplus, lobis rotundatis
brevibus, baud profunde fissus, glaberrimus, 8 mm longus, lobi
circ. 3 mm longi latique. Corolla sigmoidea, superne sensim
ampliata, ore obliquo, lobi rotundati, margine pilis glanduligeris
ciliata, (corolla ceterum glaberrima), 2.5 ad 2.8 cm longa, ore
1.3 cm lata. Stamina tubum baud excedentia. Flores rubri.
FI. Aprili.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, Merrill 70U7, in the mossy forest, altitude
about 1200 m.
A plant distinguished from other similar ones in the same group by
its Aliform stems, all parts being very slender. The calyx in form and
size is rather near to that of A. obconica C. B. Clarke and A. Mans C. B.
314
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Clarke, but it is quite glabrous, as is also the corolla, except for the lobes
which are provided with glandular hairs on the margins.
The leaves are rather small and mostly not longer than the internodes.
In the present case, as in many others, it is not altogether pleasant to
propose a species on such slight characters, but with our present knowledge
of the group we must in such cases admit new species or reduce numerous
forms to a few very comprehensive or collective species. In the future,
as soon as we know the limits of variability for each species, the latter
may be the better plan, but at present it seems best to record the characters
of the different forms as accurately as we can, and to describe as new
those forms which have sufficiently valid characters to distinguish them
from allied species.
AESCHYNANTHUS POLILLENSIS Kranzl. sp. nov.
Epiphytica, bene ramosa. Rami cortice luteo, glabro, passim
fragili tecti, internodia 4.5 ad 8 cm longa. Folia brevi-petiolata
(5 ad 10 mm), laminae oblongae vel ovato-oblongae, acuminatae,
apice ipso obtusae, ad 10 cm longae, 3.5 ad 5 cm latae, glaberri-
mae. Inflorescentiae axillares (semper?), biflorae, pedunculi
mihi non visi, pedicelli 7 mm longi, brevi- et parcissime pilosi ut
etiam calyces et corollae extus. Calycis basin usque fissi, seg-
menta lineari-lanceolata, circ. 7 mm longa. Corolla e basi ampla
vix dilatata, vix curvula, lobis parum evolutis, superioribus
parvis subconnatis, lateralibus et intermedia (non deflexo)
aequalibus, rotundatis, tota corolla 2.5 cm longa, basi 5 mm, in
oriflcio 7 ad 8 mm diametro. Stamina exserta, paulum longiora
quam tubus corollae. Stylus bene longior, fere 3 cm longus.
Flores obscure rubri, basi albi. FI. Augusto.
POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 6862 Robinson, altitude about 20 m.
A plant similar to Aeschynanthus philippinensis C. B. Clarke, but
stouter, larger in size, and with larger leaves. The flowers are of the
same size in both species, but the color of the present species, “dark-red,
base nearly white” is quite different from that of Clarke’s species.
DICHROTRICHUM Reinwardt
DICHROTRICHUM MINUS Kranzl. sp. nov.
Caulis longe repens, tenuis, ubique radicosus, setoso-pilosus,
pars, quae adest, 30 cm longa; internodia ad 4 cm longa. Folia
valde inaequalia, majus petiolatum, minus sessile, petioli 1 ad 1.5
cm longi, setoso-pilosi, laminae ovatae vel oblongae, margine
remote grosseque dentatae, basi non in petiolum contractae, apice
obtuse acutatae, supeme sparsissime setosae, subtus densius,
praesertim in venis, maximae 6.5 ad 7 cm longae, 3.5 cm latae,
folia minora latissime ovata vel suborbicularia, 1 cm longa
lataque. Scapi 18 ad 25 cm longi, setosi, flores subumbellati ad
6 (vel ultra?), bracteae foliis minoribus subaequales, pedicellos
pilosos vix 1 cm longos aequantes. Calyx campanulatus, ad
VIII, C, 6
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
315
medium circiter divisus, 6 ad 7 mm longus, patens, glaber, lobi
apice rotundati. Corolla curvata, sensim ampliata, in lobos 5
transverse oblongos, rotundatos, inter se vix diversos partita,
extus sparse pilosa, in margine loborum fimbriata, 2,5 ad utplu-
rimum 2.8 cm longa, in orificio 1.2 cm diametro, intus glabra.
Stamina glabra corollam subaequantia, non excedentia, stylus
staminibus aequilongus. Capsula submatura ad 20 cm longa,
teres, apice vix basin versus longius attenuata. Flores rubri,
FI. Septembri.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, For. Bur. 17376 Curran, 1400 to 2000 m
altitude.
Very near Dichrotrichum chorisepalum C. B. Clarke, but smaller in all
its parts. The flowers also present some characters, not very great, it
is true, but of sufficient importance to be noted. With more material for
comparison this species may, perhaps, ultimately be reduced to Clarke’s
species as a variety. For the present, however, it seems better to give it
speciflc rank, especially as the material does not impress me as being from
a weak or depauperate specimen.
CYRTANDRA Forster
CYRTANDRA WILLIAMSIl Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Frutex 1 m altus. Rami tenues, fragiles, pallide grisei, glabri,
etiam in apice. Folia alterna altero nempe omnino obsoleto,
in tuberculum vix conspicuum reducto, cum opposite evoluto
linea elevatula connexo. Folia brevi-petiolata obovato-oblonga
vel oblonga, acuta, superne et subtus (etiam in venis et petiolo)
glaberrima, superne pallida, secus nervos principals quorum
utrinque 6 adsunt, paulum intensius colorati, subtus fere livida,
cum petiolo 1 cm longo ad 15 cm longa, 5 cm lata. Inflorescen-
tiae binae oppositae, dichasiales, pauciflorae, pedunculi tenu-
issimi, 2 cm longi, ipsi, pedicelli calycesque minutissime pilosi,
bracteae lanceolatae, pedicellos subaequantes. Calyx basi cam-
panulatus, lobis late triangulis longe acuminatis, 4 mm longus.
Corolla calycem subduplo superans, cylindracea, 8 ad 9 mm
longa; de limbo et lobis aliquid certi proferre non audeo. Sta-
mina in medio tubo affixa, filamenta fere horizontalia ; ovarium
ovatum in stylum breviusculum crassum attenuatum, stigma
magnum obliquum, discus satis altus, margine integer; haec
ommia glabra. Flores albi. Baccae 9-10 mm longae, 6-7 mm
crassae, albae, colore ceris. FI. Februario.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Williams 2087, altitude
about 200 m.
Another unattractive or at least insignifleant species. I had but a single
flower at my disposal, the basal parts fairly well preserved, but destroyed
at the throat. It is rather difficult to indicate its affinities. There seems
to be a small group of the section Dispares, all unattractive plants, confined
to Mindanao.
316
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
CYRTANDRA MISERRIMA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Frutex. Folia evoluta, alterna, alterum rudimentum minutum
reductum, in ramis leviter fractiflexis, griseis, superne tantum
sordide pilosis erecta, internodia 1 ad 1.5 cm lonfa. Folia petio-
lata, lanceolata, acuminata, basin versus angustata, superne gla-
bra, subtus secus nervos tantum minute fulvo-pilosa, petioli 5 ad 10
mm longi, laminae remote et brevi-dentatae, 10 ad 12 cm longae,
3 cm latae, nervi principals utrinque 6. Inflorescentiae axilla-
res plerumque triflorae, interdum 1-florae, floribus minutissimis
mihi adhuc visis, pedunculi brevissimi, pedicelli 2 ad 3 mm longi,
ipsi et calyces sordide villosi, bracteae subnullae, ut videtur mox
deciduae, mihi non visae. Calyx brevi-campanulatus, lobi semi-
longi, lineares, totus 3.5 mm longus. Corolla subduplo longior,
longe pilosa, Integra mihi non visa, decriptionem inaccuratum
edere ab horreo.
Mindanao, District of Davao, Mount Apo, De Vore & Hoover 317, in
forests.
Although my diagnosis is far from being a satisfactory one, I believe
this species is one easily recognizable by its extreme unattractiveness, and
its very small flowers. The species of the parviflora affinity are beautiful
and large-flowered in comparison to the species above described.
CYRTANDRA PACHYPHYLLA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Frutex. Summitates tantum adsunt. Caulis tetragonus stric-
tus, crassiusculus, glaber, siccitate niger, internodia, quorum
suprema tantum vidi, ad 4 cm longa, vel imo in a pice ipso
caulis nondum evoluto, breviora. Folia alternantia, folio altero
cuj usque paris omnino obsolete, longe petiolata, late oblonga,
altero latere in petiolum paulum decurrentia, crassa, sicca firma,
acuta, toto margine excepta ipsa basi dentata, sicca superne nigra,
glabra, subtus ferruginea, sparsissime et in venis tantum paulum
densius pilosa, nervi principales utrinque ad 16, petioli 6 ad 9 cm
longi, basi 8 mm lati, laminae 18 ad 22 cm longae, 10 ad 11 cm
latae. Inflorescentiae binae ad folium quodque oppositae, longae
(ultra 3 cm) pedunculatae, subcorymbosae, pedunculis secundi
ordinis in dichasii modum ramosis, 3 cm longis, bracteae cito
deciduae, oblongae, obtusae, concavae, pilosae, 1.5 cm longae in
ramis junioribus tantum observandae, pedicelli 1 cm longi.
Calyx campanulatus, medium usque fissus, lobis triangulis acutis,
divergentibus, 6 mm longus, glaber ut exceptis bracteis ceterum
tota inflorescentia. Corolla campanulata, lobis paulum evolutis
(mihi non bene visis) 1.3 cm longa, ampla, glabra. Stamina in-
fra medium tubum afflxa, filamentis modice curvatis; ovarium
elongatum, attenuatum, discus satis magnus, in^teger, stigma
VIII, c, 5 Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae 317
magnum, stylus stamina paulum excedens. De colore nil constat.
FI. Junio.
Luzon, Province of Albay, Mount Mayon, Bur. ScL 2928 Mearns.
A striking species, and in full flower certainly a beautiful plant. It is
undoubtedly allied to C. dispar C. B. Clarke, which it resembles even to
its slender, elongate ovary. I observed in this species small cleistogamous
flowers with globose ovaries, short styles, well developed stamens and quite
rudimentary corollas.
CYRTANDRA GLABRA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Polynesiae) .
Frutex 1,5 m altus, rami tetragoni, glaberrimi, cortice pallide
luteo, subtus nitido, superne fusco, glabro tecti, breviter fracti-
flexi, internodia 2 ad 3 cm longa. Folia opposita, plus minus
(interdum valde) inaequalia, longe petiolata, superne et subtus
necnon petioli omnino glabrus, oblongo-lanceolata, acuta vel acu-
minata, margine remote et paucidentata, dentibus obtusis, petioli
2 ad 3 cm longi, laminae ad 10 cm longae, 4 ad 5 cm latae, plerum-
que minora, nervi principales utrinque 7 vel 8. Inflorescentiae
pedunculatae, floribus in dichasium typicum pauciflorum disposi-
tis, bracteae cito deciduae, mihi von visae, pedunculi circ. 2.5 cm
longi pedicellique breviores tenuissimi, filiformes. Calyx ample
campanulatus, post anthesin praestans, lobis brevibus triangulis,
3 mm longus et diam., glaber. Corolla campanulata, recta, lobis
labii superioris parvis, acutiusculis, illis labii inferioris majori-
bus rotundatis, tota corolla 1 cm longa, 5 mm diam. Stamina
medio in tubo affixa, filamentis valde curvatis; ovarium subglo-
bosum, glabrum, discus in annulum reductus, stylus antheras
attingens, e basi tenui incrassatum in stigma pro flore maximum,
tubi diametro fere aequale dilatatum. Bacca globosa, verrucosa
(an siccitate) intense purpurea, ut videtur valde succosa, Flores
purpurascentes (?), certe non albi. FI. Novembri,
Mindoro, Mount Halcon, Merrill 5770, an undershrub in forests, altitude
about 1500 m.
The most striking character of this rather commonplace looking plant is
its entire lack of pubescence. Not even the nerves on the lower surface of
the leaves, the petioles, or the styles show any traces of hairs, parts of
the plant that in comparatively glabrous species of Cyrtandra show traces
of pubescence.
CYRTANDRA CYCLOPUM Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Frutex, cujus summitates tantum adsunt, rami leviter frac-
tiflexi, tenues, superne brunneo-pilosi. Folia alternantia, altero
nempe in rudimentum lineale, minutum reducto, obovato-lanceo-
lata vel oblonga, acuta, margine remote dentata, basin versus
integra, superne nigrescent! a glabra, subtus pallidiora brevi-pub-
318 The Philippine Journal of Science i9is
escentia in nervis tantum longius pilosa, margine non fimbriata,
maxima mihi visa cum petiolo 5 ad 8 mm longo ad 11 cm longa,
2.5 ad 3.5 cm lata, minima ad 6 cm longa, ad 2 cm lata. Flores
ex axillis rudimentorum orientes (semper ?) singuli, floribus
lateralibus plerumque omnino obsoletis; pedunculi 1 cm longi,
dense pilosi, bracteae 2 oppositae, lineares, 1.5 cm longae,
(addito interdum alabastro 1 in axillis). Calyx brevi-campanu-
latus, lobis linearibus multo longioribus quam pars basalis, 1.2 cm
longus (lobi 8 ad 9 mm), longe pilosus. Corolla calycem plus
duplo superans, ad 2.5 cm longa, extus pilosa, manifesto biloba,
lobi labii superioris majores, late oblongi, rotundati, illi labii
inferioris bene minores, Ovati, acutiusculi. Stamina in dimidio
inferiore tubi, stylus setosus, aequilongus, omnia vix 1 cm longa,
discus pro ovario altus, margine integer. Flores certe albi. FI.
Martio.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, Banks s. n.
A rather uninteresting species which at first sight recalls half a dozen
others. The principal character by which it can be distinguished is its
strongly bilabiate corolla in contrast to the more or less actinomorphic
ones of other species of Cyrtandra. The deeply cleft calyx is another good
character.
CYRTANDRA CHAVIS-INSECTORUM Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Fruticulus squarrosus, ramuli tortuosi, leviter nodosi, inter-
dum fractiflexi, superne tomentosi, maxima pro parte glabri,
internodia 1 ad 2.5 cm longa. Folia petiolata, omnia alterna,
altero omnino obsolete, late obovato-oblonga, brevi-acutata, basi
mox rotundata, mox brevi-acutata ut in apice, margine excepta
parte basali remote dentata, superne glabra, subtus minute et
adpresse in nervis tantum paulum densius fuliginoso-pilosa,
nervis majoribus utrinque 7 vel 8, maxima cum petiolo 2 cm
longo 18 cm longa, antice 6 cm lata, minina (?) ab insectis adeo
injuriata, ut de magnitudine nil certi proferre possim. Inflo-
rescentiae satis longe pedunculatae, capitatae, pauciflorae, pe-
dunculi ad 3 cm longi, tenues, bracteae satis magnae, basin usque
liberae, tamen cyathum ludentes, oblongae, acutae, extus dense
pilosae, maximae 8 ad 9 mm longae, 3 ad 4 mm latae, calycem
superantes. Calyx campanulatus, profunde fissus, lobis ovatis,
longe acuminatis, longe pilosus, ad 7 mm longus, lobi 5 mm.
Corolla urceolaris vel cylindracea, recta, lobis pro tota corolla
satis magnis, late oblongis, rotundatis, ad 10 mm longa, lobis
3.5 longis et latis. Stamina fere medio in tubo vel paulum infra
affixa, filamentis valde curvatis, ostium tubi non attingentia.
Stylus dimidium tubi attingens, dense setosus, stigma crassum.
VIII, c, 6 Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae 319
bilobum, ovarium ovatum, dense pilosum, discus satis altus, mar-
gine integer. Flores albi. FI. Julio.
Mindanao, District of Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 650.
Insects must be very fond of the leaves in all stages, for I do not
remember any Cyrtandra with leaves destroyed to such an extent by insects.
If the leaves were opposite the plant could be compared with species of the
§ Polynesiae, Cyrtandra triflora Gaudich. and C. Gamotiana Gaudich, for
instance, being similar in size, leaves and flowers, but even excepting the
characters of the leaves there are discrepancies enough to place our plant
in quite another section. The closer affinities among the § Dispares are
very difficult to point out, and I believe that the whole section will have
to be broken up when the genus is revised as a whole.
CYRTANDRA SCANDENS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Radiciflorae) .
Fruticulus 1.25 m altus, epiphytus vel in cortice arborum
affixus, scandens. Caulisi lignosus, parsim radicibus obsitus,
basi circ. 7 ad 8 mm crassus, supra attenuatus ibique fusco-
pilosus, intemodia 1 cm longa. Folia in apice caulis congesta
ad 8, petiolata, lanceolata, basi et apice acuminata, rnargine
integerrima, superne opaca, glabra, subtus glabriuscula, in
nervis tantum paulum densius fulvo-pilosa, petiolis multo den-
sius pilosis, maxima quae vidi, cum petiolo circ. 2.5 cm longo ad
23 cm longa, 5 cm lata, minimum cum petiolo 2 cm longo 10 cm
longum, 2 cm latum. Inflorescentiae in parte inferiore aphylla
caulis radicibus oppositae, pedunculi brevissimi, vel vix ulli,
pedicelli 2.5 cm longi, fusco-pilosi. Calyx glaber, profunde
fissus, amplissimus, patens post anthesin persistens, segmenta
ovata, acuta, 1.3 cm longa, 3 ad 4 mm lata. Corolla recta vel
vix curvata, e basi baud ita angusta ampliata, lobis brevibus
inter se vix diversis retusis, extus longe pilosa, 2 cm longa in
orificio 8 mm diametro. Bacca oblonga, interdum calyce obce-
lata, interdum nuda, stylo brevi coronata, 1.2 cm longa, 6 ad 7
mm crassa. Flores purpurei. FI. Aprili.
Mindanao, Province of Surigao, Bolster 326, altitude 120 m.
The calyx somewhat resembles that of Aeschynanthus obconica C. B.
Clarke, and is deeply divided. Each flower apparently produces a berry,
which, as the flowers are inconspicuous, is a rather singular character.
CYRTANDRA H YPOCH RYSOI DES Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Polynesiae).
Frutex volubilis. Caulis quadrangulus, sulcatus, dense ferru-
gineo-villosus. Folia internodiis valde diversis sejuncta (2.5
ad 6 cm longis) opposita, parum dissimilifi, brevi-petiolata,
oblonga, basi et apice brevi-acutata, rnargine fere toto brevi-
dentata, superne opaca sparsim longeque pilosa, subtus palli-
diora sericeo-pilosa prasertim in nervos, quorum utrinque 7 ad
120864 3
320
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
8 praestant, folia juniora aureo-nitida, petioli omnium densius
pilosi quam laminae, maxima, quae vidi, cum petiolo 2 cm longo
22 cm longa, 6 cm lata, minima cum petiolo 1 cm longo 11 cm
longa 4.5 cm lata. Inflorescentiae brevi-pedunculatae, dicha-
siales, pauciflorae, pedunculi pedicellique 1 cm longi, ipsi necnon
calyces dense ferrugineo- vel fere aureo-villosi, nitidi, bracteae
late lanceolatae pro floribus magnae. Calyx profunde fissus,
deciduus, segm*enta ovato-oblonga, acuta, 5 ad 6 mm longa, extus
longe pilosa. Corolla perfecta mihi non visa, ex notulis collec-
toris alba leviter purpureo-suffusa esse dicitur, leviterque suave-
olens. Bacca latissime ovata, fere globosa, 7 ad 8 mm longa,
6 mm diam. FI. Martio, Aprili.
Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Pinatubo, Bur. Sci. 25^3 Fox-
worthy. Palawan, Mount Victoria, Bur. Sci/650, 687 Foxworthy, altitude
about 1520 m.
The plant resembles Cyrtandra hypochrysea Kriinzl., but differs in its
larger leaves, its pubescence not so golden-yellow but more brownish, shorter
inflorescence, and, so far as I can judge from the calyx, larger flowers.
I have seen no corolla, but in some of the calyces examined in the hope of
finding at least young corollas, the four short leaflets so characteristic
of cleistogamous flowers were observed.
CYRTANDRA TAYABENSIS Elmer Leaf!. Philip. Bot. 1 (1908) 347.
Arbol vel frutex elatus. Rami teretes, inferne glabri, deinde
fusco-piloso, in apice cum foliis novellis fuliginoso-villosi ; inter-
nodia 5 ad 6 cm longa. Folia opposita, consimilia, longe petio-
lata, oblonga, acuta vel acuminata, minute remoteque dentata,
superne opaca, glabra, subtus pallidiora (sicca pallide ferru-
ginea), nervis utrinque 8, glabra exceptis venis sparsim ferru-
gineo-pilosis ; petioli 3.5 ad 5 cm longi, laminae ad 15 cm longae,
ad 7 cm latae. Inflorescentiae brevissimae in axillis petiolorum
conglomeratae (unde nomen !) pauciflorae (3 ad 5), pedunculi
pedicellique brevissimi, densissime fuliginoso-villosi. Calyx
basin usque divisus, lobi ovato-trianguli acuminati, extus
sparsim pilosi, 1 cm longi, basi 2 mm lati paulum ringentes.
Corolla extus densissime pilosi, tubulosa vel urceolaris, non
curvata, in lobos 5 inter se vix diversos ovato-triangulos, obtusos
divisa, 1.5 cm longa. Stamina brevissima, in superiore parte
tubi, antherae magnae, staminodia minuta. Ovarium oblongum,
discus satis altus, margine minute dentatus; stylus breviusculus
sparsium pilosus, stigma magnum, bilabiatum. Fructus mihi
non visi. Flores rosei. FI. Julio.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Paete, Bur. Sci. 100^8 Ramos.
In general appearance very near to Cyrtandra triflora Gaudich., of
Hawaii, but at once distinguished by its very short inflorescences. The
VIll, C. 5
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
321
rather wide, campanulate calyx is very curious. The corolla is small and
pink and is not conspicuous. According to C. B. Clarke the § Apertae and
§ Macrosepalae are confined to the Hawaiian Islands, but this species is
so similar to Cyrtandra triflora Gaudich. that we must extend the range
of the § Apertae to the Philippines. I am now of the opinion that it
would be best to unite those species of § Macrosepalae with narrow calyx-
segments with the § Apertae and to confine to the § Macrospalae only
those species with enlarged, spathulate or foliaceous calyx-segments.
CYRTANDRA MIRABILIS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Radiciflorae? Dissimiles?)
Frutex 1.25 m altus. Partes basilares et radices desunt.
Rami novelli stricti, nodosi, cicatricibus foliorum valde promi-
nentibus praediti, intense ferrugineo- vel cupreo-villosi, folia
lanceolata vel oblongo-lanceolata, remote dentata, superne opaca,
glabra, subtus ferrugineo-villosa, foliis junioribus cupreo-seri-
ceis, maxima ad 17 cm longa, 4.5 cm lata, alterum cujusque
paris paulum minus quam oppositum. Rami ut videtur serius
aphylli, decumbentes (?), postremo floriferi internodiis multo
elongatis (1.5 ad 2.5 cm in ramis foliatis ad 5 cm in ramis
aphyllis). Inflorescentiae 3 ad 4 cm diametro, pluriflorae, juxta
nodos foliorum dejectorum orientes, fasciculatae, pedunculus
communis circ. 1 cm longus, mox in ramulos paucifloros disso-
lutus, (lores ipsi sessiles, e bracteolis minutissimis orientes, certe
succedanei et in modum cincinni dispositi, ramuli saepius iterum
ramosi, haec omnia necnon calyces, fuliginoso-pilosi. Calyx basi
campanulatus in lobos longos lineares divisus, 7 ad 8 mm longus
(lobi 6 ad 7 mm). Corolla quam calyx subduplo longior, 1.2 cm
longa, lobi labii superioris parvi, illi labii inferioris majores
oblongi rotundati, omnes inter se parum diversi, tota corolla
sparsissime pilosa. Stamina 2, filamentis valde curvatis, antheris
conglutinatis orificio tubi approximatis, ovarium longe attenua-
tum, stylus crassiusculus dense setosus, discus satis altus, mar-
gine integer, Bacca elongato-ovata, maturam non vidi. Flores
rosei. FI. Julio (sed certissime multos per menses).
Mindanao, District of Davao, Santa Cruz, Williams 3012, altitude about
600 m.
This is one of the most extraordinary species of the genus. In general
habit it resembles the § Radiciflorae and I believe that ultimately it must
be placed here. There are, however, some characters, such as the color of
the flowers, which seem to place it in Diclirofrichum, but the flowers have two
stamens. The most singular character is the inflorescence. It arises from
defoliated elongate stems; from a basal peduncle 20 or more branchlets
arise, which produce serially, and apparently at long intervals, the small
flowers which are eincinnously arranged. It is impossible to study to
advantage all the peculiarities in dried material, and I can only recommend
the study of all these morphological details to those who have opportunity
to examine the plant in a living stage.
322
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
CYRTANDRA TECOM I FLORA Kriinzl. sp. nov. (§ Radiciflorae) .
Frutex epiphyticus? Caulis lignosus, radicibus obsitus, erec-
tus, apice tantum foliatus, sordide brunneo-pilosus. Folia oppo-
sita aeqiialia vel vix diversa, elongato-lanceolata, acuminata, in
petiolum angustata, basi integra, deinde remote dentata, superne
livida vel glauca, scabriuscula, ceterum glabra, subtus lutescentia,
breviter adpresseque in nervis tantum et in margine densius
pilosa, ad 15 cm longa, plus minus 3.5 cm lata. Inflorescentiae
radicibus oppositae pauciflorae, dichasiales, pedunculi circ. 1
cm longi, bracteae minutae, lineares, pedicellos non aequantes,
brunneo-pilosae ut etiam pedicelli longiores. Calyx longe campa-
nulatus, basi rotundatus, lobi parti integrae aequilongi, ubique
pilosus, lobi margine glabri, acuminati, totus calyx 2 cm longus.
Corolla leviter curvata, ampla, illis Tecomae cujusdam vel Big-
noniae persimilis, lobis magnis semiorbicularibus, extus ubique
sericeo-pilosa, in ostio glabra, ad 4.5 cm longa, in orificio circ.
2.5 cm diametro. Stamina fere 3 cm longa, filamenta medio
dilatata. Stylus multo brevior, satis crassus, vix 2 cm longus.
Flores albi, tenerrimi, diaphani. FI. Januario.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, near Port Banga, For. Bur. 9264
Whitford & Hutchinson, in forested ravines, altitude about 40 m.
The specimen at hand is the upper part of a branch of probably an
epiphytic plant. Except in its rather rigid habit it resembles Clarke’s
figure of Cyrtandra radiciflora. The flowers are larger and more beautiful
than in any other known species of the section. A singular character is
the absence of hairs on the calyx-lobes.
CYRTANDRA LIVIDA Kriinzl. sp. nov. (§ Dissimiles) .
Planta herbacea, ad 25 cm alta. Caulis squarrosus, pauciram-
ulosus, glaber. Folia opposita, plus minus inaequalia, oblonga,
acuta, in petiolum brevem angustata, excepta tertia parte basi-
lar! margine dentata, livida vel albescentia, petiolis pilosis, max-
ima cum petiolo 1 cm longo ad 14 cm longa, 4.5 cm lata, minima
(opposita) ad 7 cm longa, 3 cm lata, nervi paulum prominentes
non densius pilosi. Flores (ut videtur semper) singuli ex axillis
foliorum multo minorum medio in caule orientes, bracteae minut-
issimae pedicellos vix aequantes. Calyx elongatus, anguste tubu-
losus, apice tantum in lobos 5 parvos triangulos divisus, brevi-
pedicellatus, ad 1.2 cm longus, longe pilosus, lobi brevi-trianguli,
rotundati, brevi-apiculati. Corolla e basi angusta primum cyl-
indracea sensim ampliata, longe pilosa, recta, lobis parum evo-
lutis, rotundato-retusis, 3 cm longa, in orificio 1.5 cm diametro.
Stamina circ. 2.5 cm longa, antheris cohaerentibus, stylus 2 cm
VIII, c, 6 Krdnzlin: Cyrtandi-aceae Novae 323
longus. Flores albi, pallide roseo-sufusi, intus maculis luteis
decoii. FI. Martio, Aprili.
Palawan, Bur. Sci. 781 Foxworthy, in dry ravines on hillsides.
The flowers are described without actual dissection, as in the specimen
examined they are glued to the paper and any attempt to remove them
might have resulted in their destruction. The stamens and style are
to be seen clearly through the corolla, but I was unable to see the disk.
CYRTANDRA LIMNOPHILA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Decurrentea ?).
Caulis longissimus, in solo humido prorepens, pars, quae adest,
ad 10 cm longa, tetragonus, ubique radicans, saepe per internodia
quaedam radiculis densissimis brevibus obsitus, parsim radices
longos emittens, rami et apex caulis adscendentes, internodia
circ. 4 ad 5 cm longa. Folia opposita subaequalia, in petiolum
longum sensim angustata, obovato-lanceolata, brevi-acutata, prae-
sertim apicem versus paucidentata, superne opaca, glabra, subtus
pallidiora, scabrida, secus nervos fulvo pilosa, maxima cum petiolo
ad 20 cm longa, 3.5 cm lata, minima 5 ad 6 cm longa, circ. 1 cm
lata. Inflorescentiae paucae in parte adscendente rami, ex axilla
folii persistentis orientes, triflorae, pedunculi pedicellique brevis-
simi, ipsi cum calycibus dense pilosi, bracteae oblongae, persis-
tentes. Calyx campanulatus, brevilobus, lobis ovato-triangulis,
acutis, 1.2 cm longus, lobis 2 mm longis, extus pilosus. Corolla
jam a basi satis ampla, campanulata, supra paulum patente (?),
lobi late oblongi rotundati, margine minute denticulati, tota corol-
la extus longe pilosa, circ. 3.8 cm longa, basi 5 mm, basi paulum
ultra 1 cm diam. Stamina tubum subaequantia, stylus vix semi-
longus. Ovarium breve, discus 5-lobus, altero latere altior (?).
Flores albi. FI. Decembri.
Luzon, Province of Pampanga, Mount Abu, Bur. Sci. 1988 Foxworthy,
in the mossy forest, altitude about 1400 m.
This is a singular plant, with characters partly and perhaps mostly of
the § Decurrentes, but with some characters of the § Radicifiorae. The
material available for examination was imperfect, and the only flower at
my disposal a bud nearly at stage of anthesis. While this presented the
principal internal and external characters, it did not, of course, show the
position of the lobes of the open flower.
CYRTANDRA GEANTHA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Radicifiorae).
Frutex? Caulis lignosus, certe partim repens, de altitudine
e membris disjectis speciminis unici aliquid certi proferre non
audeo, sed altus videtur, interne glaber, superne dense ferru-
gineo-pilosus, internodia inter 2 (superne) et 7 cm varia. Folia
satis longae petiolata, oblonga, basi rotundata, apice acuta, mar-
gine Integra vel vix remotissime dentata, superne rugulosa, subtus
324
The Philippine Jownal of Science
1913
ubique dense ferrugineo-villosa, non solum in venis ceterum valde
prominentibus, folia juniora dense lanata, maxima mihi visa cum
petiolo ad 2 cm longo ad 18 cm longa, 5 cm lata, textura durius-
cula, fere coriacea. Inflorescentiae pauciflorae dichasiales, pone
radices in solo ipso ex axillis cataphyllorum (?) orientes, pedun-
culi pedicellique brevissimi, pilosi. Calyx tubulosus vel cylin-
draceus, 1.5 cm longus, dense brevique ferrugineo-pilosus, lobi bre-
vissimi, trianguli, acuti. Corolla calycem plus duplo superans,
ultra 3.5 cm longa, extus et intus praesertim longe pilosa, lobi
magni oblongi, obtusi, inter se parum diversi. Stamina 3 cm
longa, antherae conglutinatae at facile separandae ; stylus aequi-
longus, stigma latissimum, discus satis altus, superne integer.
Bacca fusifonnis (immatura ?), 1.3 cm longa, stipitata. Flores
certe albi. FI. Julio.
Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens s. n.
A plant quite similar to the two preceding species, but covered through-
out with a rusty tomentum. The inflorescences are few-flowei’ed, and the
flowers have long hairs within. The flowers arise just above the surface
of the ground as in Lathraea clandestina.
CYRTANDRA SALIGNA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Radiciflorae) .
Radices multiramosi, lignosi. Caules 30 ad 45 cm alti et
forsan altiores, stricti, graciles, foliosi, obscure quadranguli vel
teretes, inferne glabri, apicem versus sparsim fuliginoso-pilosi,
internodia inferne 3 cm, superne vix 1 cm longa. Folia opposita,
petiolata, lanceolata, in petiolum sensim angustata, acuminata,
margine Integra vel remote dentata, superne glabra, subtus
solummodo secus nervos (incluso petiolo) fulvo-pilosa, margine
ciliata, maxima cum petiolo 2 cm longo ad 18 cm longa, medio
3 ad 3.5 cm lata, apicali minora, praesertim angustiora. Inflor-
escentiae certe ex axillis foliorum dejectorum in inflmis partibus
caulis orientes, cymoso-dichasiales, pedunculi 1.5 cm longi, pedi-
celli secundi et tertii ordinis 1.2 cm ad 1 cm longi, omnes minute
pilosi, bracteae omnes minutissimae. Calyx longiusculus, cylin-
draceus, 1.8 ad 2 cm longus, lobi trianguli, acuti, quartam partem
calycis aequantes, 5 mm longi. Corolla calycem plus duplo sup-
erans, anguste cylindracea, 3.5 cm longa, apice paulum dilatata,
extus longe pilosa, de forma loborum aliquid certi proferre non
audeo, floribus nimium destructis; stamina longa, antherae ab
insectis devoratae ; ovarium anguste oblongum, discus satis altus,
integer, stylus cum stigmate magno 2.5 cm longus. Bacca semi-
matura (?) 2 cm longa. Flores tenerrimi, albi vel roseo-suffusi.
FI. Octobri.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, near Zamboanga, Merrill 5It80, at
the base of cliffs in shaded ravines, altitude about 100 m.
VIII, C, 5
KranzUn: Cyrtandraceae Novae
325
The whole plant much resembles a young shoot of Salix with somewhat
luxuriant leaves. The flowers are borne in a dichasially branched fascicle
from the very base of the plant just above the ground, not a favorable
position for such fragile and tender corollas. I could not make out the
outlines of the corolla-lobes, as the specimen was gathered a little too late.
Most of the flowers showed young berries, and the numerous fertilized
flowei’S are rather remarkable in contrast with Cyrtandra strongiana
Kriinzl.
CYRTANDRA STRONGIANA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Radiciflorae) .
Caulis satis crassus, certe humifusus, radicans; rami adscen-
dentes, foliati, ad 10 cm alti, laxi, fuliginoso-villosi. Folia op-
posita, petiolata, oblonga vel oblongo-lanceolata, subfalcata, acuta
vel acuminata, superne opaca, scabriuscula, subtus fuliginoso-
pilosa, praesertim secus nervos, ceterum parum prosilientes,
margine remote serrata, maxima ad 17 cm longa, 4.5 cm lata,
pleraque minora. Rami floriferi e caule repente secus radices
orientes, ad 30 cm alti vel altiores, ramosissimi, ramis ad 10 cm
longis, cortici pallide brunneo, fragili tecti, aphylli. Flores
parvi, distichi, (alabastris interdum ab insectis injuriatis, in
strobos minutissimos mutatis), bracteae parvae, deciduae; pe-
dunculi pilosi, 5 mm longi. Calyx extus hirsutus, profunde, fere
basin usque, partitus, lobis triangulis aristatis vel longissime
attenuatis, teretibus, totus calyx 8 mm longus, pars Integra basi-
laris circ. 2 mm. Corolla calycem paulum superans, labium
superius minute bilobulum, rotundatum, ceteri lobi orbiculares,
tota corolla sparsissime pilosa, 1.3 ad 1.5 cm longa, lobi 4 mm
diam. Stamina 2, antheris conglutinatis orificium tub! attin-
gentibus; ovarium oblongo-ovatum, glabrum, discus satis altus,
margine integer; stylus breviusculas antheras non attingens.
Bacca stylo curvulo coronata rugulosa. Flores lavandulaceo-
purpurei. FI. Septembri.
Mindanao, Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mrs. Clemens 109 J^.
A very singular plant; a shrub 2..5 m. in height according to the collector.
The inflorescences are the most remarkable in the family, composed of
slender, weak, flexible branches bearing small buds of apparently succe-
daneous flowers. The foliage and flowers pr-esent all the characters of a
true Cyrtandra. The three specimens examined were composed of several
pieces each, but showed a plant somewhat similar to Cyrtanda radiciflora
C. B. Clarke.
CYRTANDRA STENOPHYLLA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Decurrentes) .
Caulis repens, radicans, breviusculus, inter folia tantum brun-
neo-pilosus, ceterum cortice griseo, sordido vestitus, ad 10 cm
altus vel vix altior. Folia apicem caulis versus congesta, 12 ad 15,
opposita, linearia vel lineari-obovata, angusta, basin versus an-
gustata, sed non proprie petiolata, margine plus minus crenato-
dentata, apice obtusissima, superne obscure glauca, subtus pallide
326
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
viridia, secus nervos pulchre reticulatos fuliginoso-villosa, maxima
ad 10 cm longa, 2 cm lata, pleraque ad 8 cm longa, 1 cm lata.
Cymae brevissimae, axillares, pedunculi subnulli, bracteae tex-
tm’a et colore foliaceis, brevissimae, pedicelli breves. Calyx bre-
vicampanulatiis, angustus, 1 cm longus, dimidium usque fissus,
longe pilosus. Corolla alba, infimdibuliformis, e basi angusta
sensim ampliata subregularis, lobis vix diversis parum evolutis
rotundatisque, extus longe pilosa, cum parte in calyce abscondita
3.8 cm longa, in orificio 2.6 cm diam. Stamina circ. dimidium
corollae attingentes ; ovarium breve ovatum, stylus 2.5 cm longus,
stigma parvum. Fructus mihi non visi. FI. Aprili.
Negros, Canlaon Volcano, Merrill 7008, For. Bur. j^250 Everett. Luzon,
Province of Tayabas, Paete-Piapi, For. Bur. 9533 Curran.
I am not entirely satisfied with my diagnosis, the material being rather
poor. The plant is apparently rather attractive, and the flowers apparently
expand at intervals, in the axils of the crowded leaves. The flowers, for
a dwarfed plant, are large. The leaves are dark-green with a bluish tinge
on the upper surface and decorated with a network of brownish veins on
the lower surface. I have not seen the fruit, nor was the disk examined
on account of the paucity of flowers for study.
CYRTANDRA ARBUSCULA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Decurrentea) .
Fruticulus parvus, facie arboris parvae. Radices multiramosi,
lignosi, caulis ad 30 cm aitus, simplex, lignosus, internodia 2.5 ad
3 cm longa. Folia in apice caulis congesta ad 8, internodiis ibi
brevissimis caule in apice breviter denseque piloso. Folia vix
petiolata, e basi angusta sensim dilatata fere linearia, apice
subito brevi-acutata, margine dentata, dentibus apicem versus
magis approximatis majoribusque, superne scabriuscula, ceterum
glabra, juniora subtus fuliginoso-villosa, praesertim secundum
nert'os, adulta solummodo ad nervos, margine ciliata, maxima
quae vidi, ad 13 cm longa, 2 cm lata. Cymae dichasiales, tri-
florae, quam folia multo breviores, pedunculi pedicellique bre-
vissimi. Calyx 8 ad 9 mm longus, anguste cylindraceus, extus
sparsim pilosus, lobis triangulis acuminatis, ad 4 mm longis.
Corolla per duas tertias tenui-cylindracea, deinde sensim paulum
ampliata, non proprie infundibuliformis, lobis antice rotundatis
vel imo retusis, undulatis, crenulatis, 2 paulum acutioribus, sed
etiam illis obtusis, tota corolla extus pilosa, alba, cum parte in
calyce abscondita ad 4 cm longa, in orificio 1 ad 1.2 cm diam.
Stamina et stylus circiter dimidium corollae attingentes, stylus
longe setosus, ovarium oblonge ovatum, discus satis aitus, minute
quinquelobus. Flores Martio.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7i28 Ramos.
Another species of the little group of Cyrtandras characterized by short
steins, the leaves crowded at the top of the stern, and mostly 3-flowered
vm, c, 6
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
327
inflorescences arising from the axils of the leaves, the flowers being large
and conspicuous, white, very hairy, and more or dess funnel-shaped. The
specific name is taken from the slight resemblance of the species to a
dwarfed tree.
CYRTANDRA INFANTAE Kranzl. .sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Frutex 50 cm altua. Caulis subquadrangulus supeme brun-
neo-pilosus, apice dense, infra sparsius foliatus. Folium alter-
num ad rudimentum reductum, in superiore parte caulis, ubi
folia congesta, difficillime inveniendum. Folia vix vel brevissi-
me petiolata, obovato-lanceolata, acuta, rarius acuminata, toto
margine serrata, superne glabra, opaca, subtus pallidiora, pau-
civenosa, secus nervos fuliginoso-pilosa, pleraque leviter falcata,
rarius recta, 18 ad 32 cm longa, ad 6 cm lata. Inflorescentiae
dichasiales, triflorae, brevissimae; pedunculis subnullis, pedi-
cellis perbrevibus, bracteae lanceolatae, 1.5 cm longae, sparsim
pilosae. Calyx e basi angustissima infundibuliformis, in lobos
triangulos acuminatos divisus, fere 2 cm longus, lobis aequilongis
inclusis. Corolla e basi angusta ampliata, sensim dilatata, ore
obliquo in lobos 5 subaequales, acutos diviso, extus hirsuta, 4.5
cm longa, ad orificium 2.5 cm diam., alba ; stamina ad duas tertias
tubi longa; stylus aequilongus, circ. 3 cm longus. Fructus mihi
non visi. FI. Augusto.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas (Infanta), Anoling River, Bur. Sci. 9320
Robinson, “very common in this locality but only this one plant in flower.”
Robinson states that the leaves are crowded on the upper one-half of
the plant, and for this reason it looks like some species of Elatostema, the
serrate-leaves also resembling those of species of this genus. The only
flower available was perfectly dried, but was gummed to the paper. For-
tunately the corolla is so transparent that the stamens and style could be
seen very well, but no attempt was made to examine the disk and ovary.
CYRTANDRA CHIRITOIDES Kranzl. sp. nov. (Sect, dubia).
Herba, radicibus copiosis praedita, vix 10 cm alta, internodia
1 ad 1.5 cm longa, pars inferior et mediana caulis glabra, sum-
mitas tantum fusco-villosa. Folia petiolata, toto ambitu oblonga,
acuta, margine crenato-dentata, supeme opaca, scabrida, subtus
breviter et in venis tantum paulum longius pilosa, venis utrinque
6 vel 7, maxima 11.5 cm longa, 3.6 cm lata, infima cum petiolo
circ. 1 cm longo 3.5 cm longa 1 ad 1.2 cm lata. Flores terni in
axillis foliorum superiorum. Calyx pro flore parvus cylindra-
ceus, brevilobus, lobis triangulis acutis, extus sparsim pilosus, circ.
1 cm longis. Corolla inter maximas generis e basi perangusta
infundibuliformis, antice valde ampliata, lobis 5 magnis, oblongis,
lotundatis, patentibus, illis labii superioris paulum minoribus,
tota corolla pilis hyalinis vel albidis dense vestita, alba, 4.5 cm
328 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
longa, in orificio 2 ad 2.5 cm lata. Stamina longa duas tertias
tubi aequantes, satis distantes. Stylus aequilongus, circ. 3.5
cm longus. Fructus mihi non visi. FI. Octobri, Novembri.
POLILLO, Bur. Sci. 10257 McGregor.
The plant is a true Cyrtandra and cannot be referred to any other genus
of the family, if we take into consideration all characters. From examina-
tion of the flowers only one might consider it to be a Chirita, flowers of its
size being quite extraordinary in Cyrtandra. A Chirita, moreover, so far
east, would be highly surprising, the genus being confined to India, the
adjacent parts of China, with a few species in the western Sunda Islands.
CYRTANDRA GLAUCESCENS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Jackianae ?) .
Caulis abbreviatus, radicosus, internodia brevissima, foliis
dense congestis, inter se parum diversis, caulis et basis foliorum
dense tomentosi. Folia brevipetiolata e basi cuneata obovato-
oblonga, obtusa, toto margine a basi brevi-dentata, superne glau-
cescentia, pilis longiusculis basi pellucidis sparsim vestita, subtus
nervis multis, reticulatis, sparsim vestita, subtus nervis multis,
reticulatis, sparsim puberulis decora, ceterum pallide ferruginea,
cum petiolo 2 cm longo ad 19 cm longa, 3.5 cm lata. Inflores-
centiae breves, axillares, ceterum ab insectis praecipue secus
basin pedunculorum et bractearum destructae, ut e fragmentis
judicandum brevi-cymosae, triflorae. Calyx tenui-cylindraceus,
1 cm longus, lobis anguste triangulis, 4 mm longis, extus longe
pilosus. Corolla e basi perangusta sensim infundibuliformis,
superne in lobos inter se vix diversos, late triangulos divisa, extus
longe et sparsissime pilosa, cum parte basilari in calyce abscon-
dita ultra 4.5 cm longa, in orificio 1.5 cm diametro. Stamina in
dimidio superiore tubi; pistillum fere 3.5 cm longum, ovarium
6 ad 7 mm longum, stigma baud magnum, discus annularis.
Flores albi. FI. Martio.
Panay, Dumarao, Merrill 6702, in damp shaded ravines, altitude about
100 m.
Of this species I had for examination a single flower, but no fruit;
portions of the leaves and bracts were desti'oyed by insects. I at first was
inclined to place it in the genus Didymocarpus, but it seems to be a true
Cyrtandra. The upper surface of the leaves has the same glaucous hue
as in Cyrtandra cretacea Kranzl.
CYRTANDRA McGREGORII Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Aureae) .
Caulis deest, praestans solummodo folia 2 petiolata, obovata,
obtuse acutata, margine minute remoteque dentata, subintegra,
nervo mediano subtus valde prominente nervisque lateralibus
utrinque 11 ad 12 percursa, supeime opaca, glaberrima, subtus
in nervis tantum sparsim fulvo-pilosa, maximum cum petiolo
circ. 3 cm longo ad 35 longum, quo latissimum 12.5 cm latum.
vm, c, 6
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
329
Inflorescentiae brevi-pedunculatae, in axillis superioribus, ut
videtur biflorae, tantum involucre magno vestitae. Folia exte-
riora involucri late oblonga vel elliptica, margine leviter crenata,
nervis longitudinaibus utrinque 1 vel 2, maximum ad 8 cm
longum, medio circ. 4 cm latum, supra et subtus glabrum in
nervis tantum sparsim pilosum, cetera folia semper minora,
ovata, angustiora, omnia obtusa. Flores tenerrimi et cum foliis
interioribus involucri adeo compressi, ut salvi separari ne in
aqua tepida quidem nequeant, 3.5 ad 4 cm. longi, margine in
lobos 1.2 cm longos 6 mm latos, antice rotunda tos divisa, tubus
sub orificio intus pilosus, de reliquis characteribus floris aliquid
certi proferre non audeo. FI. Augusto.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, east coast. Bur. Sci. 10576 McGregor.
I did not succeed in securing a flower in good condition for analysis as
the corolla is very tender and was more or less amalgamated with the calyx
and inner bracts of the involucre in drying, so that it was impossible to
detach the flower as a whole from the involucre. The species is, however,
well characterized by its very large, nearly entire leaves, and especially
by its involucres.
CYRTANDRA ALNIFOLIA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Aureae) .
Rami crassi, tetragoni, glabri, cortice fragili tecti, apicem
versus brunneo-pilosi, internodia 1 ad 2 cm longa. Folia in
apice ramulorum congesta, satis longe (2.5 ad 4 cm) petiolata,
oblonga ellipticave, margine remotiuscule dentata, acuta, basi
plerumque rotundata, rarius modice acutata, superne glabra,
obscurius venosa, subtus glabra in venis tantum sparsim brunneo-
pilosa, laminae 10 ad 13 cm longae, 5 ad 6 cm latae. Inflores-
centiae brevi-pedunculatae, involucri folia late ovata circ. 4,
margine crenulato, dentata, obtusa, textura et indole superne
et subtus omnino foliis similia, circ. 4 cm longa, 2.5 cm lata,
interiora minora. Flores 2 (certe interdum plura) sessilia.
Calyx late campanulatus, a dimidio in lobos triangulos longe
acuminates fissus, lobis in nervo mediano sparsim pilosis, 1 cm
longus. Corolla campanulata vel urceolaris, supra in lobos fere
orbiculares divisa, extus sparsissime pilosa, intus a basi dimi-
dium usque glabra, a dimidio faucem usque dense brevique pilosa,
lobi tamen glabri; tota corolla 1.5 ad 1.8 cm longa, de colore nil
constat. Staminti staminodiaque generis manifesta. Ovarium
brevi-cylindraceum, glabrum, discus satis altus, brevi 5-dentatus,
stylus dense setosus, crassiusculus, stigma magnum. Fructus
mihi non visi. FI. Junio.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Pauai, Bur. Sci. 8350 McGregor, altitude
about 2100 m.
The description of this species runs, in part, literally like that of Cyr-
tandra populifolia Miq. (See C. B. Clarke in DC. Monog. Phan. 5: 262.)
330
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
There are, however, so many discrepancies between the present species
and that of Miquel, that it is impossible to unite them. The material avail-
able was in better condition than in most specimens of the § Aureae, and
the flowers of firmer texture and more easily detached. The leaves bear a
certain resemblance to those of some species of Ahius.
CYRTANDRA BATAANENSIS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Dispares).
Frutex vel arbor?, rami tetragoni, cortice passim fragili, pas-
sim glabro vel ferrugineo-villoso tecti. Folia ut videtur in api-
cibus ramorum conferti, 2 ad 3.5 cm inter se distantia, alterum
cuj usque paris omnino obsoletum, alterum plerumque magnum,
e basi angusta cuneato-obovatum, acutum vel rarius obtusum,
margine remote brevique dentatum, superne glaberrimum, opa-
cum, subtus pallidius brevissime in nervis densius (sed pro aliis
Cyrtandraceis sparsissime) pilosum, maxima quae vidi, 24 cm
longa, 6.5 cm lata, minima 13 cm longa, 3.8 cm lata, folia juveni-
lia densissime villosa, pilis sericeis. Inflorescentiae brevissimae,
pauciflorae pedunculi pedicellique villosi, pedicelli 1 cm longi.
Calyx longiusculus tubulosus, a dimidio fissus, lobis triangulis,
longe acuminatis, 1.2 cm longus. Corolla alba, tubulosa, ultra
dimidium subinflata, ostio in lobos 5 magnos, margine undulatos
divisa, tota corolla 3 cm longa, extus dense villosa, stylus villosis-
simus tres quartas tubi aequans, ovarium parvum villosum, discus
parvus. FI. Octobri.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 20035 Topacio, in forests, altitude
about 100 m.
It is difficult to determine the exact affinity of this species, although it
somewhat resembles Cyrtandra dispar DC. The flowers are larger than in
DeCandolle’s species and it seems that they appear one at a time on the
few-flowered, short inflorescence, and although they are showy enough, they
are hidden by the very large leaves.
CYRTANDRA UMBELLATA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Polynesiae).
Frutex, ramus unicus qui praestat 30 cm longus, teres vel vix
tetragonus, cortice plerumque glabro, apicem versus tantum
brunneo-setoso tectus. Folia opposita aequimagna, internodiis
4 ad 8 cm longis inter se sejuncta, satis longe (1.5 cm) petiolata,
late oblonga ellipticave, apice obtusa vel, breviacutata, supra gla-
berrima, opaca, subtus in nervis et margine rufo- vel vulpino-
pilosa, ceterum glabra, pallidiora, 6 ad 11 cm longa, 3 ad 5 cm
lata, nervis utrinque 8. Inflorescentiae corymbosae, umbellam
quam maxime ludentes, longe (9 ad 10 cm) pedunculatae, circ.
10-florae, bracteae florum omnino umbellae involucrum ludentes,
lanceolatae, pedicellos 1.3 cm longos semiaequantes, tenuiter fus-
co-villosae ut etiam calyces pedicellique. Calyx campanulatus,
VIII, C, 6
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
331
a dimidio in lobos 5, triangulos, acuminates divisus, apicibus
loborum contractis fere teretibus solidis, post anthesin persistens,
6 ad 7 mm longus. Corolla manifesto bilabiata, ad 12 mm longa,
labium superius brevius, brevique bilobulus, labium inferius a
superiore bene sej unctum magis productum, lobis lateralibus bre-
vioribus rotundatis, intermedio duplo longiore obovato. Stamina
orificium tubi attingentia ; annulus ovarii satis altus, margine non
lobulatus, ovarium parvum, ovatum, stylus setosus, dimidium tubi
subaequans, staminum insertionem vix attingens. Bacca extus
rugulosa, stylo persistente coronata, 7 ad 8 mm longa, 6 mm
diam. Flores certe albi. FI. Decembri,
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, For. Bur. 15900 Bacani.
A species well characterized by its comparatively broad glabrous leaves,
and its long-peduncled, umbelliform inflorescence. The flowers are insig-
nificant, and present some resemblances to those of Cyrtandra trivialis and
C. plectranthiflora. The long peduncle is characteristic, and it is pi-obable
that other species presenting this character will be found, so that in the
future this prominent feature may prove to be useful to designate a small
group in the very large § Polynesiae. I have maintained the names and
limits of the sections as defined by C. B. Clarke, but it will probably be
necessary later to break up this large group into smaller natural and
geogp-aphical ones.
CYRTANDRA TRIVIALIS Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Polynesiae) .
Herbacea, annua. Caulis basin versus lignosus, circ. 40 ad 45
cm altus, radicibus longis, copiosis praeditus, a dimidio ramosus,
ramis squarrosis. Folia opposita, magnitudine valde diversa,
ceterum aequalia, maj us petiolatum, minus sessile, toto ambitu
lanceolata vel obovato-lanceolata, basin versus vel in petiolum
angustata, acuta, margine remote grosse serrata, supeme opaca,
pilis setosis, basi hyalinis, nitentibus, valde distantibus vestita,
subtus pallidiora, in venis tantum et margine fuliginoso-villosa,
maxima paris cuj usque cum petiolo 1 cm longo ad 10 cm longa,
1.6 ad 2 cm lata, minora ad 3 cm longa, 1 cm lata. Racemi
dichasiales, tenuissimi, pauciflori (1- ad 3-flori), pedunculi,
pedicelli, bracteae, calyces post anthesin persistentes longe fuli-
ginoso-setosi, pedunculi 2 cm longi, bracteae 7 mm longae, linea-
res, pedicellos paulum superantes. Calyces basi campanulati, a
dimidio in lobos anguste triangulos divisi. Corolla circ. 1 cm
longa e basi paulo ampliore angustata, manifeste bilabiata, extus
et intus glabra, lobi labii superioris paulum sejuncti breves,
obtusi, illi labii inferioris maj ores suborbiculares, crispuli, mar-
gine eleganter crenulati. Filamenta valde curvata; antherae
orificium tubi attingentes; stylus gracilis parce glanduloso-pilo-
332
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
sus; stigma latissimum orificium tubi aequans. Bacca ovata,
rugulosa, calycem persistentem multo superans. Flores certe
albi, inconspicui. FI. Maio.
Luzon, Province of Isabela, Bur. Sci. 8003 Ramos.
A rather commonplace-looking species of no more, or even less attractive-
ness than our species of Polygonum and Lamium growing in waste places.
The undulate and crenulate lower lip of the corolla, however, is a character
rarely found in Cyrtandra.
CYRTANDRA PLECTRANTH I FLORA Kranzl. sp. nov. (§ Polynesiae) .
Frutex ramis tenuibus subtortuosis nodosisque, cortice glabro,
nitido, fragili, sub apice tantum brunneo-piloso tecti, intemodia
varia longitudine 1 ad 3 cm longa. Folia opposita, magnitudine
plus minus diversa, ceterum similia, petiolata, e basi cuneata
lanceolata, acuta vel acuminata, brevidentata, dentibus plus minus
remotis, superne opaca, glaberrima, subtus ferruginea in venis
longe ferrugineo-pilosa, ciliata, petiolis dense ferrugineo-villosa,
maxima cum petiolo 1.5 cm longo 10 ad 13 cm longa, 1.5 ad 2.5
cm lata, minus paris cuj usque necnon superiora minora. Inflo-
rescentiae quam folia circ. semilongae, tenues, longe pedunculatae,
dichasiales, pedunculi circ. 3 cm, pedicelli 1 ad 1.5 cm longi,
sparsim hirsuti, bracteae florum minutae. Calyx campanulatus
spai'sim pilosus, lobi lineares, quam pars Integra sublongiores,
totus calyx 7 ad 8 mm longus. Corollae labium superius breviter
bilobum ab inferiore manifeste sejunctum, labium inferius longe
productum, antice trilobulum, excavatum; tota corolla 1.4 cm
longa, extus et intus glabra ; stamina brevia, valde curvata ; stylus
8 ad 9 mm longus labium superius paulum superans, sparsim
glanduloso-pilosum, annulus satis altus bipartitus (?). Bacca
rugosa, stylo persistente praedita calycem persistentem bene
excedens. Flores albi. FI. Januario ad Martium.
Luzon, Subprovince of Lepanto, Mount Data, Bur. Sci. 59i5 Ramos:
Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 7362 Rarnos.
A plant resembling Cyrtandra ilicifolia Kranzl. and C. benguetiana
Kranzl., but distinguished by its long-stalked, few-flowered inflorescences
and especially by its long corolla-lip, somewhat I’esembling the lower lip
of a Pleciranthus. All the characters of the lower lip of the corolla cannot
be determined from the material available, as in the flower examined it was
somewhat damaged.
ISANTHERA Nees
ISANTHERA Dl MORPH A Kranzl. sp. nov.
Rhizoma repens radicibus crebris obsitum. Caules ad 25 cm
alti, sordide grisei, excepta parte suprema glabri. Folia omnia
altema, petiolata, subobliqua vel subfalcata, oblonga vel oblongo-
lanceolata, obtuse acutata, basi in petiolum angustata, a dimidio
VIII, C, 6
Krdnzlin: Cyrtandraceae Novae
333
apicem usque remote serrata, superne glabra, opaca, subtus prae-
sertim in venis fulvido-nitidoque villosa, margine ciliata, maxima
cum petiolo 2.5 cm longo ad 13 cm longa, 3 ad 3.5 cm lata.
Inflorescentiae cymosae in dichasia exeuntes, quam folia vix ter-
tiam partem aequantes, pedunculi pedicellique longe et nitido
pilosi, bracteae florales minutissimae. Calyces fere basin usque
fissi, lobis linearibus longe pilosis, apice obtusis, 5 ad 6 mm longi.
Corollae observantur formae : altera brevi-urceolaris, 4 mm longa,
quinque loba, lobis rotundatis margine crenatis, altera in floribus
me judice cleistogamis 1 mm longa, foliolis 4 valvatim sese
tegentibus, excavatis, orbicularibus composita. Stamina 4, in
forma corollifera filamentis leviter tortis, in cleistogama, filamen-
tis multo brevioribus, rectis praedita, antherae in utraque forma
magnae, biloculares, rimis parallelis. Ovarium breve, globosum,
annulus obsoletus vel vix evolutus, stylus glaber, apice leviter
incurvus, stigma minutum. Flores albi (?). FI. Februario.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Merrill 6295, altitude
about 300 m.
A very unattractive species, but at the same time an interesting one.
There are tvro forms of flowers, one without and one with a showy corolla,
if a corolla only 4 mm in length can be called showy. In the larger flowers
the corolla does not exceed the calyx, and is visible only between the
calyx-teeth, while in the smaller flowers it appears like a small globose
capsule. The series of dimorphous Cyrtandraceous plants is increasing in
number, and here we have a form of special interest as two kinds of flowers
are found in the same inflorescence. It should be noted that the stamens
in the flowers with the larger corollas are by no means smaller or weaker
than in the cleistogamous flowers, and that the styles in the former are
perhaps even longer.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C, Botany.
VoL. VIII, No. 5, November, 1913
STUDIES ON PHILIPPINE MELASTOMATACEAE, II
By E. D. Merrill i
{From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory,
Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I.)
THE TRIBE ASTRONIEAE
This tribe, chiefly of Malayan and Polynesian distribution, is
interpreted by Cogniaux ^ as consisting of 5 genera : Astronia, by
far the largest genus, with about 60 species, extending from trop-
ical Africa, a single species, to Malaya and Polynesia ; Beccarian-
thus, a monotypic Bornean genus ; Pternandra, with 5 species in
the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago; Kibessia, with 16 species
in the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago; and Plethiandra, a
monotypic Bornean genus. To this must now be added the
very distinct Philippine genus Astrocdlyx, and the less strongly
marked one Everettia. The genus Beccarianthus is, by the de-
scription of a second species, extended to the Philippines. Both
the genus Kibessia and Pternandra have been credited to the
Philippines, but on erroneously localized or erroneously deter-
mined material.
KEY TO the genera
1. Stamens very numerous, about 65 1. Astrocalyx
1. Stamens few, 8 to 12, twice as many as the petals.
2. Flowers small; filaments short; anthers thick, broadly hatchet-shaped,
introrse; stigma capitellate 2. Astronia
2. Flowers large; filaments elongated; anthers narrowly linear; stigma
punctiform.
3. Leaves 3-nerved 3. Everettia
3. Leaves 5- or 7-nerved 4. Beccarianthus
1. ASTROCALYX Merrill
ASTROCALYX CALYCINA (Vid.) comb. nov. (Plate XL)
Astronia calycina Vid. Rev. PI. Vase. Filip. (1886) 136; Cogn. in
DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1095.
Astrocalyx pleiosandra Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 5 (1910) Bot. 203.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, For. Bur. 22312 Mariano (leaf specimen
only). For. Bur. 20361 Tabat (leaf specimen only). Bur. Sci. 8983 Fox-
' Associate Professor of Botany, University of the Philippines, Manila, P. I.
*DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1092.
120864 4 335
336
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
worthy, July, 1909, with nearly mature buds, Phil. PI. 1106 Ramos, Sep-
tember, 1912, in flower and fruit; Province of Camarines, Maniba River,
For. Bur. liSiQbis Aguilar, July, 1909, in flower: Province of Albay, Vidal
780 in herb. Kew. Leyte, Dagami, Bur. Sci. 1538U Ramos, August, 1912,
in flower.
This remarkable monotypic genus is characterized by its elongated calyx-
teeth and by its very numerous stamens, the latter a character found in
very few genera in the Melastomataceae. That Astronia calycina Vidal and
Astrocalyx pleiosandra Merr. are identical is unquestionable, and according-
ly the earlier speciflc name has here been accepted. It is well to note that,
manifestly through error, Vidal cites his No. 781 as the type of Astronia
calycina, while on page 346 of the same work he refers No. 780 to Astronia
calycina and 781 to Astronia sp. In the Kew herbarium Vidal 780 agrees
perfectly with the description of Astronia calycina, while Vidal 781 is a true
Astronia with small flowers and minute calyx-teeth, and does not agree at
all with the description of Astronia calycina Vid. Vidal does not describe
the flowers, aside from the calyx, and hence in working out the status of
my genus Astrocalyx I naturally failed to connect the specimens with Vidal’s
Astronia calycina, assuming that he was correct in placing his species in
Astronia. In November, 1911, Dr. C. B. Robinson examined Vidal’s
specimen in the Kew herbarium, and supplied me with a carbon rubbing of
a leaf, showing its size and characteristic venation. He comments on the
specimen as follows: “The calyx-teeth make the specimen the most peculiar
thing of the kind I know. It is so unusual that for this reason, though no
other, I might have hesitated to call it Astronia at all.” The leaf impres-
sion together with Vidal’s description shows conclusively that Astronia
calycina Vid. is not at all a member of this genus, but is identical with
Astrocalyx pleiosandra Merr. = A. calycina (Vid.) Merr.
2. ASTRONIA Blume
In the latest monograph of the Melastomataceae, that by
Cogniaux,® the genus Astronia is credited with twenty-four
species, extending from the Malay Peninsula and Archipelago
to New Guinea, Fiji, Samoa, and the Society Islands, one-half
of the species being known only from Polynesia. Five species
are credited to the Philippines, Astronia calycina Vid., A. rolfei
Vid., A. pulchra Vid., A. cumingiana Vid., and A. candolleana
Cogn. The list must be reduced by one species, Astronia calycina
Vid., for additional material shows this characteristic form to
belong to the veiy distinct monotypic genus Astrocalyx. Most
of the proposed additional species, since the publication of Cog-
niaux’s monograph, have been based on Philippine material, but
with the addition of Astronia borneensis Cogn., from Borneo,
and A. triplinervia Cogn., from Amboina, both nomina nuda,
A. stapfiii Koord., from Celebes, and A. stuhlmanii Damm., from
tropical Africa. Recent botanical exploration of the Philippines
’DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891).
VIII, c, 5 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 337
has brought to light a surprisingly large number of undescribed
forms, so that there are at present known from the Philippines
alone about as many species of Astronia as are otherwise known
from the entire range of the genus, that is tropical Africa,
Malaya, and Polynesia. In the present consideration twenty-six
Philippine species are recognized, and it is confidently expected
that additional exploration will yield a considerable number of
additional forms.
So far as can be determined at present all our species, with
one exception, are confined to the Philippines ; Astronia cumingi-
ana Vid., a very common and widely distributed Philippine
species, has been reported from Celebes by Reorders. Many
are apparently of very local occurrence and are at present rep-
resented but by solitary or few collections; others are widely
distributed in the Archipelago and range from northern Luzon
to southern Mindanao. Most of them are found at medium and
higher altitudes, although some occur at or near sea-level, espe-
cially in those regions where the rainfall is not interrupted by
a prolonged dry season. All the species are sylvan. The Prov-
ince of Laguna, Luzon, presents no less than thirteen distinct
species. Seven are found on Mount Maquiling and ten on, or
about, Mount Banajao, but although these two mountains, both
with forested slopes and both extinct volcanos, are not more
than 30 kilometers apart, they possess, so far as our collections
show, but four species in common.
The most important character that the present study has
demonstrated is that most if not all of the Philippine species
are polygamo-dioecious, a character not hitherto given for the
genus, and one very rare in the family. It is suspected that
the character will be found to hold true for the entire section
Euastronia. Certain plants bear only staminate flowers, while
others bear only perfect ones, the staminate flowers frequently
not presenting even a rudimentary ovary. In eighteen of the
twenty-six species considered, our collections present species in
which the specimens are with male flowers only, or some with
male flowers and others with perfect ones, the different kinds of
flowers invariably being found on separate specimens. The eight
remaining species are mostly represented by only one or two
specimens. My attention was directed to this character first
by finding on certain specimens only male flowers, and second
by attempting to utilize certain calyx characters in the con-
struction of a key. It was discovered that in those specimens
presenting a cup-shaped calyx the flowers were invariably
338
The Philippine Jom’nal of Science
1913
staminate, while in those specimens presenting a more or less
urceolate calyx, the flowers were invariably perfect. In no case
has the two types of flowers been found on the same specimen.
In the determination of species either by direct comparison or
by an examination of descriptions, the calyx-character, as to
shape, must be used with caution.
There is also, in most of the species, a vegetative character
that has apparently not previously been recorded, and that is
the presence, on one or both surfaces of the leaf, of small,
irregularly disposed, cystoliths or cystolith-like bodies.
The Philippines are apparently a center of distribution for
the genus, as indicated by the great number of forms discovered
in the Archipelago. In many respects some of the species ap-
pear to be more or less in a stage of transition, for intermediate
forms frequently occur which it is difficult definitely to refer
to any particular species. Characters as to venation, color and
persistence of the indumentum, etc., are by no means constant.
Consequently it has been found to be somewhat of a task to
prepare an analytical key to the species that will always work.
In using the key presented herewith exceptions are to be
looked for in the arrangement of the basal nerves. In most of
the species the leaves are very definitely 3- or 5-nerved, or 3-
or 5-plinerved, but in some apparently both types of venation
are found. In determining the number of primary basal nerves
some difficulties are encountered due to the usual presence of a
pair of slender, sub-marginal nerves, which may be rather dis-
tant from the margins and comparatively strongly developed.
The indumentum, while very characteristic and very persistent
for many species, is in others of comparatively little significance,
due to its deciduous or even fugacious character. In one stage
of development the leaves may be uniformly lepidote and dis-
tinctly colored on the lower surface, and at a later stage be
quite glabrous and green. Even the inclusion of the same
species under two different heads, in some cases, is not entirely
satisfactory. I cannot, however, discover any other characters
than those utilized in the construction of the present key that
will serve the purpose better.
1. Leaves definitely 7-nerved, up to 30 cm long, green beneath and somewhat
lepidote with distinct, scattered, brown scales 1. A. apoensis
1. Leaves definitely 5-nerved or 5-plinerved, rarely with a very faint sub-
marginal pair added.
2. Leaves definitely 5-nerved, mostly 15 to 20 cm long, pale-green on both
surfaces when dry, with few, scattered, distinct, brown, lepidote
scales.
VIII. c, 5 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 339
3. Leaves rounded at the base 2. A. mearnsii
3. Leaves acute or decurrent-acuminate at the base.
4. Bracts and calyx glabrous or nearly so; petioles nearly glabrous.
3. A. lagunensis
4. Bracts and calyx prominently ferruginous-furfuraceous ; petioles
and inflorescence more or less densely setose 4. A. loheri
2. Leaves definitely 5-plinerved, rarely nearly or quite 5-nerved, always
colored on the lower surface, cinereous to ferrugineous or cupreous,
the lepidote scales minute, indistinct, mostly entirely covering the
lower surface of the leaf, not scattered.
3. Leaves very definitely 5-plinerved, the inner pair of nerves leaving
the midrib about 1 cm above the base of the leaf.
5. A. williamsii
3. Leaves less definitely 5-plinerved, the inner pair of nerves leaving
the midrib nearer the base of the leaf.
4. Lower surface of the leaves very densely ferruginous-lepidote;
leaves thickly coriaceous 6. A. ferruginea
4. Lower surface of the leaves densely papery-lepidote with very
thin, pale-brown scales; leaves chartaceous 7. A. meyeri
4. Lower surface of the leaves very densely cupreous-lepidote; leaf-
blades distinctly decurrent along the petioles 8. A. dioica
4. Lower surface of the leaves cinereous or pale brownish-cinereous,
the minute scales very indistinct.
5. Leaves 10 to 15 cm long 9. A. ramosii
5. Leaves 20 to 30 cm long. 10. A. candolleana
1. Leaves definitely 3-nerved or 3-plinerved, the additional pair, if present,
always very slender and marginal, never prominent.
2. Leaves entirely glabrous, green or nearly so on the lower surface,
sometimes glaucous, or the younger ones minutely cinereous-
lepidote, glabrescent; nerves sometimes more or less furfuraceous,
usually glabrous.
3. Leaves 3-nerved.
4. Calyx 3 to 4 mm in diameter, the teeth very prominent; leaves
entirely glabrous 11. A. viridifolia
4. Calyx about 2 mm in diameter, the teeth small; leaves at least
somewhat furfuraceous on the nerves on the lower surface.
12. A. rolfei
3. Leaves 3-plinerved.
4. Lateral nerves extending to the very apex of the leaf.
5. Leaves 1.5 to 3.5 cm wide, slenderly caudate-acuminate.
13. A. acuminatisshna
5. Leaves 4 to 8 cm wide 12. A. rolfei
4. Lateral nerves confluent with the midrib at the base of the prom-
inent acumen 14. A. vjenzelii
2. Leaves with distinct, scattered, brown, lepidote scales which do not
cover the entire lower surface, usually about one scale to each
ultimate reticulation.
3. Leaves definitely 3-nerved.
4. Petals 4 to 5 mm long; calyx 6 to 8 mm in diameter.
15. A. megalantha
4. Petals 3 mm long; calyx about 5 mm in diameter.
16. A. negrosensis
340
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
3. Leaves definitely 3-plinerved.
4. Leaves pale on the lower surface, their margins not revolute, the
acumen sharp; inflorescence subglabrous 17. A. subcaudata
4. Leaves green on the lower surface, their margins revolute, the
acumen more, or less blunt; inflorescence densely dark ferru-
ginous-lepidote 18. A. gitingensis
2. Leaves more or less densely covered on the lower surface with minute,
ferruginous to cinereous-ferruginous or pale lepidote indumentum
which quite or nearly covers the lower surface of the leaf, often
more or less evanescent in fully mature leaves.
3. Leaves very densely ferruginous-lepidote, the individual scales more
or less distinct under a lens 19. A. pulchra
3. Leaves minutely pale- or cinereous-ferruginous-lepidote, the scales
indistinct under a lens.
4. Calyx 1.5 to 2.5 mm in diameter.
5. Calyx glabrous or nearly so, the leaves pale-gray to nearly
white beneath 20. A. bicolor
5. Calyx densely cinereous- or ferrugineous-lepidote; leaves more
or less pale-brownish beneath.
6. Leaves 10 cm long or less, apex slenderly caudate-acuminate,
adult ones glabrescent 21. A. parvifolia
6. Leaves exceeding 10 cm in length.
7. Leaves pale-gray or whitish beneath; rachis and branches
of the inflorescence glabrous or subglabrous.
22. A. discolor
7. Leaves pale-brownish-cinereous, the inflorescence densely
lepidote or more or less furfuraceous.
8. Lower surface of the leaves with pale-brownish indu-
mentum of the same color on all parts.
23. A. cumingiana
8. Lower surface of the leaves pale-lepidote in strong con-
trast to the dark brown lepidote nerves and nervules.
24. A. piperi
4. Calyx 3 to 4 mm in diameter.
5. Leaves 3-nerved or obscurely 3-plinerved, more or less glaucous
beneath.
6. Indumentum of the inflorescence pale; leaves 3-nerved, up to
16 cm in length 7. A. meyeri
6. Indumentum of the inflorescence dark reddish-brown; leaves
obscurely 3-plinerved, 8 to 10 cm long 25. A. glauca
5. Leaves very prominently 3-plinerved, 20 to 30 cm long.
26. A. platyphylla
1. ASTRONIA APOENSIS Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1206.
Mindanao, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Elmer 1H27 (type number).
This very characteristic endemic species is readily recognizable by its
unusually large, many-nerved leaves.
2. ASTRONIA MEARNSII sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 10 m alta ut videtur polygamo-dioica ; foliis
coriaceis, ellipticis ad oblongo-ellipticis, circiter 20 cm longis, in
siccitate utrinque pallide viridibus, subtus distinct lepidotis, basi
VIII, C, 5
Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II
341
rotundatis, prominente 5-nerviis; paniculis brevibus, floribus 3
5-meris, calycibus in alabastro cupulatis, 5-dentatis, circiter 3 mm
diametro.
A tree about 10 m high, Avith rather stout branches. Leaves
elliptic to oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, about 20 cm long, 8 to 10
cm 'wide, when dry pale-green or yellowish-green on both sur-
faces, the upper surface glabrous, the lower with numerous,
small, scattered, brown, lepidote scales, the base rather broadly
rounded, the apex apparently acuminate; nerves 5, prominent,
all basal, the transverse nervules almost as prominent as the
primary nerves on the lower surface; petioles about 4 cm long,
the upper side channeled, the margins more or less scurfy-appen-
diculate. Panicles small, terminal, sparingly lepidote or nearly
glabrous. Flowers few, only staminate ones observed, the calyx
cup-shaped, minutely and sparingly lepidote, about 3 mm in
diameter, shortly 5-toothed.
Mindanao, Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. U689
Mearns & Hutchinson, May, 1906, in forests, altitude about 1800 m.
A species well characterized by its pale-green, prominently 5-nerved,
elliptic leaves which are rounded at the base. It is manifestly very closely
allied to Astronia lagunensis Merr., differing especially in its differently
shaped leaves.
3. ASTRONIA LAGUNENSIS Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl.
213.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Loher 6267, 7310, Baker
253, Camus s. n., Merrill 51Uk, Bur. Sci. 97kh Robinson, For. Bur. 7763
Curran & Merritt, Phil. PI. 1013 Ramos.
A very characteristic species known only from Mount Maquiling, Prov-
ince of Laguna, Luzon, where it is abundant in forests from 700 to 1050
meters altitude. The polygamo-dioecious character of this species is
strongly marked, the male flowers being characterized by their cup-shaped
calyces, while the perfect ones, which are borne in separate panicles and
presumably on separate trees, are characterized by their urceolate calyces.
4. ASTRONIA LOHERI sp. nov.
Ut videtur arbor parva; ramis subteretibus, crassis; foliis
anguste ellipticis, coriaceis, circiter 15 cm longis, in siccitate
utrinque pallide viridibus, subtus parce lepidotis, basi acutis,
prominente 5-nerviis ; paniculis terminalibus, pyramidatis, dense
brunneo-setosis, calycibus in alabastro 5 ad 7 mm diametro, ferru-
gineo-lepidotis, prominente urceolatis, 5-dentatis.
Apparently a small tree, the branches terete, thick. Leaves
narrowly elliptic, coriaceous, about 15 cm long, 6 to 7 cm wide,
narrowed below to the acute base and above to the somewhat
acuminate apex, when dry uniformly pale-green on both surfaces,
the upper one glabrous, the lower with distinct, scattered, brown,
342
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
small, lepidote scales; nerves 5, from the very base of the leaf,
very prominent, the transverse nervules also prominent ; petioles
about 5 cm long, their margins more or less densely papillose-
setose. Panicles terminal, pyramidal, about 7 cm long and 10 cm
wide, the rachis and few branches stout, densely covered with
rather soft, pale-brown, setose appendages. Flowers perfect,
crowded at the ends of the branches, subtended by rather large,
ovate, more or less lepidote, 1 cm long, deciduous bracteoles.
Calyx, in mature bud, prominently urceolate, 5 to 7 mm in
diameter, somewhat brown-lepidote, with 5 large, triangular-
ovate, acute teeth.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Angilog, Loher 629i, March 1906.
A species greatly resembling Astronia lagunensis Merr., and very closely
allied to that form, differing in its furfuraceous-lepidote bracts and calyces,
and its prominently setose panicles and petioles. Like Astronia lagunensis
it is apparently polygamo-dioecious, but the single specimen available
presents only perfect flowers.
5. ASTRONIA WILLIAMS!! Merr. ex C. B. Rob. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 6
(1911) Bot. 214.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Loher 6286, Phil. PI. ^51 Merrill: Province
of Bataan, Williams 722, 663, 621 : Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling,
Bur. Sci. 16915 Servinas, Tirona s. n.. Baker 376, For. Bur. 13170 Curran,
Gates 5U17, 6135, Palafox s. n.; San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 10927, 15025,
15099, 16538, 1651.6, 16590 Ramos; Mount Banajao, Gates 6081: Province
of Tayabas, Mount Pular, Bur. Sci. 19121 Ramos. Polillo, Bur. Sci.
9111 Robinson. Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Merrill 8102.
This species is also polygamous-dioecious, and presents cup-shaped calyces
for the staminate flowers, and urceolate ones for the perfect flowers, the
two kinds always being in separate inflorescences, and apparently on
separate plants.
6. ASTRONIA FERRUGINEA Elm. Leaf!. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1205.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Loher 6281. Mindanao, District of Davao,
Mount Apo, Elmer 11126 (type number).
Var. AM PL A var. nov.
A typo differt foliis majoribus, 15 ad 25 cm longis.
Basilan, Comalarang River, Bur. Sci. 16133 Reillo, For. Bur. 18900
Miranda, September, 1912, in forests.
The species is very well characterized by its exceedingly dense, dark-
ferruginous indumentum. The leaves are 5-plinerved rather than 5-nerved.
7. ASTRONIA MEYERI Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 35 (1906) 51;
Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 106.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, For. Bur. 2810 Meyer:
Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Quisimbing s. n.; Mount Banajao,
Bur. Sci. 19511 Ramos. Mindoro, Mount Halcon, For. Bur. 1317 Merritt.
Apparently rare; well characterized by its thin, papery-lepidote, pale-
brown indumentum.
VIII, c, 6 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 343
8. ASTRONIA DIOICA sp. nov.
Species distinctissima, dioica vel polygamo-dioica ; foliis ovato-
ellipticis vel oblongo-ellipticis, usque ad 30 cm longis, nitidis,
supra glabris, subtus densissime cupreo-lepidotis, apice breviter
acuminatis, basi decurrentibus, 5- vel 7-plinerviis; inflorescentiis
brevibus, confertis, bracteolis lineari-lanceolatis ; floribus $
5-meris.
A tree about 10 m high, dioecious or polygamo-dioecious, the
branches terete, brown, glabrous, the growing parts, petioles,
lower surfaces of the leaves and the inflorescence very densely
cupreous-lepidote. Leaves opposite, chartaceous to subcoria-
ceous, ovate-elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 17 to 30 cm long, 3 to 13
cm wide, the upper surface glabrous, greenish when dry, shining,
the lower cupreous, shining, the apex rather abruptly short-
acuminate, the base narrowed and more or less decurrent along
the petiole ; nerves sub-basal, 5 or 7, the marginal ones faint, the
inner two pairs reaching the apex, the innermost pair leaving the
midrib at from 1 to 3 cm above the base, more prominent than
the others, the transverse nervules distant, slender, distinct on
the lower surface ; petioles 1.5 to 3 cm long, more or less winged
by the decurrent lamina. Inflorescence terminal, peduncled, the
whole 4 to 5 cm long, often trichotomous, all parts cupreous-
lepidote, the flowers numerous, densely crowded; bracts lanceo-
late, narrowed at both ends, acuminate, about 12 mm long, 4 to 5
mm wide, the bracteoles linear-lanceolate, more or less curved,
6 to 7 mm long, 1 to 1.3 mm wide. Flowers 5-merous, only the
staminate ones seen. Calyx cupreous, shallowly cup-shaped, 3
to 3.5 mm in diameter, 2 mm long, the teeth 5, rarely 6, trian-
gular, acute or somewhat acuminate, about 1 mm long, 1.5 mm
wide at the base. Petals 5, imbricate, suborbicular to orbicular-
ovate, about 2.5 mm long. Stamens 10, the filaments broad, flat,
about 1 mm long. Ovary entirely wanting.
Leyte, Mount Ibuni, near Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15293 Ramos, August, 1912,
in damp forests.
A most characteristic species, distinguishable by its leaves being green
above and densely cupreous-lepidote beneath, its dense, cupreous-lepidote
inflorescences, and its long bracts and bracteoles.
9. ASTRONIA RAMOSII sp. nov.
Arbor parva, circiter 8 m alta, A. cumingianae Vid. affinis,
differt foliis paullo majoribus, basi 5-plinerviis, nervis interiori-
bus transversalibusque valde prominentibus.
A small tree about 8 m high, the branches terete, grayish,
glabrous, the branchlets and inflorescence more or less furfura-
344
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
ceous. Leaves opposite, subelliptic, equally narrowed at both
ends, 14 to 19 cm long, 7 to 8 cm wide, the apex very shortly
acuminate, the base acute, subcoriaceous, the upper surface
smooth and shining, the lower pale or slightly brownish, uni-
formly and densely covered with minute, appressed, lepidote
scales which are scarcely evident under a lens, the base 5-
plinerved, the external pair of nerves slender, within 2 mm of the
margin, leaving the very base of the leaf, the inner pair very
prominent, leaving the midrib about 5 mm above the base and
extending to the apex, the transverse nervules subparallel very
prominent; petioles 3 to 3.5 cm long, often somewhat furfur-
aceous. Panicles terminal, shortly peduncled, up to 15 cm long
and about as wide in anthesis, subpyramidal, all parts rather
densely furfuraceous with minute, pale-ferruginous scales.
Flowers very numerous, 5-merous, their pedicels about 2 mm
long, only perfect ones seen. Calyx broadly urceolate, furfur-
aceous-lepidote, about 3 mm in diameter, 2.5 to 3 mm long, the
subglobose tube distinctly constricted near the apex, the limb
with 5, distinct, very broad, acute teeth less than 1 mm in length.
Petals broadly obovate, rounded, about 2 mm long, concave.
Stamens 10, 2 mm long. Ovary 2-celled; style 2.8 mm long;
stigma disk-like, 1 mm in diameter. Fruit depressed-globose,
about 4 mm in diameter, very obscurely lepidote or nearly gla-
brous, crowned by the short calyx-rim. Seeds very numerous,
linear, about 2 mm long.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 10872 (type), 1652^.
Ramos, August, 1910, and September, 1912, in forests along streams.
A species similar to and manifestly closely allied to Astronia cumingiana
Vid., but with more prominent nerves, somewhat larger leaves, and denser
indumentum. Astronia rolfei Vid., as here interpreted, is still another
allied form, which, however, has ultimately nearly or quite glabrous leaves,
green on both surfaces.
10. ASTRONIA CANDOLLEANA Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891)
1099; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 108.
Astronia papeteria F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 89; Vid. Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1885) 114, non Blume.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 11315 Klemme: Subprovince of
Bontoc, For. Bur. 18395 Alvarez: Province of Bataan, For. Bur. 750 Borden:
Province of Rizal, Phil. PI. 10^2 Ramos, Bur. Sci. 981, 26^5 Ramos, Merrill
2357, For Bur. 2097 Ahern’s collector: Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 16626
Ramos: Province of Albay, Cuming 850 (Herb. Kew.).
11. ASTRONIA VIRIDIFOLIA Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1203.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Bur. Sci. 10032, 10963, 15118, 166^2 Ramos,
indicated as a new species and the duplicates distributed under another
VIII, c. 6 Merrill: Philippine Melastornataceae, II 345
specific name: Province of Cagayan, For. Bur. 17203 Curran. Sibuvan,
Elmer 12281 (type collection).
Well characterized by its entirely glabrous leaves. It differs from
Astronia rolfei Vid., in the entire absence of indumentum, even on young
leaves, its larger flowers, and its longer calyx-teeth.
12. ASTRONIA ROLFEI Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 114, 174, Rev. PI.
Vase. Philip. (1886) 136; Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891)
1095; Merr. in Philip. Journ. Sci. 1 (1906) Suppl. 108.
Astronia luebanensis Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1201.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, For. Bur. H851 Darling: Province
of Rizal, Loher 6277: Province of Bataan, Leiberg 6056, Whitford 238:
Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 15026, 20516, Ramos: Province
of Tayabas, Mount Banajao, Elmer 7807 (type number of A. luebanensis),
7UU8: Province of Batangas, For. Bur. 2150i, 21557 Tamesis. Mindanao,
Province of Surigao, Ahern 3Uk, Sanchez, Quadras.
Var. FURFURACEA var. nov.
A typo difFert paniculis prominente longe furfuraceis vel fur-
furaceo-setosis, paleis usque ad 2.5 mm longis.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Misiones River, For. Bur. 17180 Curran.
This variety differs from Astronia rolfei, as here interpreted, chiefly in
its very densely paleaceous or furfuraceous-setose inflorescence, the scales
being much longer than those in the typical form of the species.
Astronia rolfei Vid., has been interpreted chiefly from the original
description, but the specimens referred to it do not agree with the descrip-
tion in all particulars. The type is Cuming 1723, from Samar, and Vidal
referred to the same species his No. 1392 from Albay Province, Luzon.
In 1907 J examined the original material in the Kew Herbarium, and
referred to the species Whitford 238, but a more critical comparison seems
to be necessary. Some of the specimens here considered to represent
Astronia rolfei have 3-plinerved, rather than 3-nerved leaves, and in all
the specimens the adult leaves are nearly or quite glabrous; the character
“subtus pallide ochraceo-lepidota evanescentia” does not well apply to
our material, except to the form described as Astronia luebanensis Elm.
This character, however, does apply sufficiently well to some of the
specimens I have referred to Astronia cumingiana Vid., which have 3-nerved
leaves, and under that species I have placed specimens having both 3-nerved
and 3-plinerved leaves. I have suspected that Astronia cumingiana and
Astronia rolfei are really but forms of the same species, but a critical
examination of the type material is necessary to determine the matter.
The species, as here interpreted, presents cup-shaped male flowers and
urceolate perfect ones on separate plants, so that the species is apparently
polygamo-dioecious. I am unable to discover any constant characters by
which Astronia luebanensis Elm. can be distinguished from A. rolfei Vid.,
as I understand the latter species.
13. ASTRONIA ACU M I N ATISSI M A sp. nov.
Species praecedente afRnis, differt foliis minoribus, usque ad 10
cm longis, 4 cm latis, longe caudato-acuminatis, manifeste tripli-
nerviis, paniculis multo minoribus, circiter 5 cm longis.
346
The Philippine Journal of Science
1?13
A small, polygamo-dioecious tree 6 to 10 m high, nearly g-lab-
rous; branches slender, terete, light-gray, glabrous, the younger
branchlets, petioles and inflorescence minutely lepidote with
small, appressed, pale-brownish, more or less decidious scales.
Leaves oblong-elliptic to broadly oblong-lanceolate, firmly char-
taceous, brittle when dry, 6 to 10 cm long, 1.5 to 4 cm wide, of
about the same color, brownish-green, on both surfaces when dry,
shining, entirely glabrous, or the very young ones minutely and
deciduously lepidote, not pale, about equally narrowed to the long
and slender caudate-acuminate apex, the acumen blunt, 1 to 2 cm
long and often slightly falcate, and to the distinctly acuminate
base which is prominently 3-plinerved, the lateral nerves leaving
the midrib at from 4 to 8 mm above the base, the transverse nerv-
ules slender, prominent, nearly straight ; petioles 1.3 to 2 cm long.
Panicles terminal, pyramidal, about 5 cm long, the branches few,
spreading, the lower ones 3 cm long or less, minutely pale brown-
ish-lepidote, subglabrescent in fruit. Flowers small, 5-merous,
staminate ones on some trees, perfect ones on others. Staminate
flowers: Calyx cup-shaped, minutely lepidote, about 1.5 mm in
diameter, minutely 5-toothed. Perfect flowers: Calyx lepidote,
urceolate, about 2 mm in diameter, 1.5 mm long, minutely
5-toothed, limb slightly spreading above the constriction. Petals
somewhat obovate, 1.5 mm long. Ovary 2-celled; style stout, 2
mm long. Capsules depressed-globose about 2.5 mm in diameter,
nearly glabrous; seeds very numerous, 1.2 mm long.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, San Isidro, Phil. PI. 257 Ramos, June, 1910
(type), distributed as Astronia r'olfei Vid.; Montalban, Loher 6276, Feb-
ruary, 1906: Province of Laguna, Mount Banajao, For. Bur. 7903 Curran
& Merrit, November, 1907.
Well characterized by its entirely glabrous, concolorous, green, small,
caudate-acuminate, prominently 3-plinerved leaves and its small panicles.
14. ASTRONIA WENZELII sp. nov.
Species A. viridifoliae Elm. simillima et valde affinis, differ!
foliis prominente 3-plinerviis vix 3-plinerviis, nervis lateralibus
ad basin acuminis cum costa coalita.
A small tree about 7 m high, the trunk 8 cm in diameter,
glabrous except the very young growing parts and the slightly
lepidote inflorescence. Leaves broadly elliptic-lanceolate to
broadly oblong-lanceolate, firmly chartaceous to subcoriaceous,
green, of the same color and slightly shining on both surfaces
when dry, 13 to 20 cm long, 4 to 5.5 cm wide, about equally
narrowed to the cuneate base and to the slenderly acuminate apex.
VIII, c, 5 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 347
the acumen blunt or subacute, 1 to 1.5 cm long; nerves a single
pair, prominent, leaving the midrib 5 to 10 mm above the base,
extending nearly to the apex, there confluent with the midrib at
the base of the acumen, lateral nervules about 20 pairs between
the midrib and the longitudinal nerves, rather slender; petioles
1.5 to 2.5 cm long. Panicles terminal, slightly lepidote with pale
yellowish-brown, minute scales, subcorymbose, about 4 cm long
and 8 cm wide, the branches few, the flowers red, 5-merous,
somewhat crowded at the ends of the branchlets, ebracteolate.
Calyx sparingly lepidote, urceolate, about 3 mm in diameter,
and about as long, the limb somewhat spreading above the con-
striction, the teeth 5, very broadly triangular-ovate, about 1
mm long, acute. Petals very broadly obovate, 2 mm long.
Stamens 10. Ovary 2-celled ; style stout, about 3.5 mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel June 19, 1913, in forests.
A species very closely allied to Astronia viridifolia Elm., which ap-
parently always has definitely 3-nerved leaves; the present species, although
resembling Elmer’s spectes in most other particulars, has very definitely
3-plinerved leaves, presenting no intermediate forms.
15. ASTRONIA MEGALANTHA sp. nov.
Arbor parva circiter 6 m alta; foliis lanceolatis vel oblongo-
lanceolatis, coriaceis, nitidis, usque ad 14 cm longis, utrinque
angustatis, basi acutis, 3-nerviis, apice subcaudato-acuminatis,
supra glabris, subtus parce brunneo-lepidotis ; inflorescentiis ter-
minalibus, paniculatis, breviter pedunculatis, dense brunneo-fur-
furaceo-lepidotis ; floribus 5-meris, calycibus circiter 7 mm diame-
tro, lobis triangularibus acutis, 2 mm longis; ovario 2-loculare.
A small tree about 6 m high, the very youngest branches and
the lower surfaces of the leaves with scattered, dark-brown,
lepidote scales, the inflorescence densely furfuraceous-lepidote,
the indumentum dark-brown, otherwise glabrous. Branches
terete, light-gray, wrinkled when dry, the nodes rather promi-
nent, 1 cm apart on the younger branches. Leaves opposite,
lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, subcoriaceous, narrowed at both
ends, the base acute, 3-nerved, the apex subcaudate-acumunate,
10 to 14 cm long, 2 to 4 cm wide, the margin slightly recurved
when dry, the upper surface glabrous, shining, greenish when
dry, the lower brownish, somewhat paler then the upper, with
scattered, brown, lepidote scales, the basal nerves prominent,
leaving the midrib at the very base of the lamina, reaching the
apex, sometimes a very faint additional pair present less than 1
mm distant from the margin; transverse veinlets slender, not
348
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
prominent, distant; petioles 1.5 to 2 cm long. Panicles terminal,
densely covered with a dark-brown, furfuraceous-lepidote indu-
mentum, peduncled, many-flowered, the whole 6 to 8 cm long and
5 to 7 cm wide, the lower branches up to 4 cm in length. Flowers
comparatively large for the genus, 5-merous. Calyx broadly
urceolate-cup-shaped, in anthesis 8 mm long and 7 mm wide,
densely brown-lepidote, the lobes triangular, acute, 2 mm long,
3 mm wide at the base. Petals suborbicular, about 3 mm in
diameter. Filaments 2 mm long, a little more than 1 mm wide ;
anthers 1.7 mm long. Ovary 2-celled; style 4 mm long, cylindric,
the disk-like stigma about 1.8 mm in diameter.
Leyte, Mount Buraui, near Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15258 Ramos, August 13,
1912, near the summit, in forests, the flowers yellowish with purple petals.
A species readily distinguishable by its comparatively large flowers, the
calyx densely brown-lepidote, and its 3-nerved, slenderly acuminate leaves
which are brownish beneath and with scattered, brown, lepidote scales.
16. ASTRONIA NEGROSENSIS sp. nov.
Arbor 5 ad 8 m alta ; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-ellipticis, char-
taceis vel subcoriaceis, usque ad 20 cm longis, praeter nervis
tenuissimis submarginalibus 3-nerviis, junioribus subtus parce
brunneo-lepidotis, vetustioribus glabrescentibus, utrinque aequa-
liter angustatis, basi acutis, apice brevissime acuminatis ; panic-
ulis terminalibus, corymbosis, quam folia multo brevioribus, 5
ad 12 cm latis, dense brunneo-furfuraceo-lepidotis ; floribus
5-meris, 6 mm longis.
A tree 5 to 8 m high. Branches terete, glabrous, the growing
parts brown-furfuraceous-lepidote. Leaves oblong to oblong-
elliptic, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 15 to 20 cm long, 4 to 8
cm wide, equally narrowed at both ends, base acute, apex very
shortly acuminate, the upper surface glabrous, somewhat shining,
the lower surface in young leaves with scattered, brownish scales,
in age becoming quite glabrous and of about the same color as
the upper surface, somewhat shining; nerves 3 from the base,
prominent, reaching the apex, with usually a very slender addi-
tional pair of submarginal nerves not more distinct then the
transverse veinlets; petioles 3 to 5 cm long, at first somewhat
lepidote, becoming glabrous. Panicles terminal, corymbose, uni-
fonnly furfuraceous-lepidote with small, dark-brown scales, 5
to 7 cm long, 5 to 12 cm wide. Flowers red and yellow, about 6
mm long, their pedicels 2 mm long. Calyx brown-furfuraceous-
lepidote, somewhat urceolate, about 5 mm long, the teeth 5,
VIII, c, 5 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 349
broadly triangular-ovate, acute, 1.5 mm long. Petals orbicular-
obovate, 3.5 mm long. Filaments flattened, 2 mm long.
Negros, Iruiogaan River, For. Bur. 4-298 Everett, June, 1906 (type),
altitude about 150 m; Cadiz, For. Bur. 15034 Danao, March, 1908; Gima-
gaan River, For. Bur. 7303 Everett, May, 1907, Whitford 1567, May, 1906.
A species well characterized by its 3-nerved, not 3-plinerved leaves and
comparatively large flowers. It is very close to the preceding, but other-
wise is probably as closely allied to Astronia candolleana Cogn., as to any
other species, although entirely different in venation and indumentum.
17. ASTRONIA SUBCAUDATA sp. nov.
Frutex circiter 2 m altus ; foliis chartaceis, in siccitate pallidis,
subtus lepidis brunneis parvis conspersis instructis, oblongo-
obovatis, 6 ad 10 cm longis, apice longe acuteque subcaudato-
acuminatis, basi angustatis, acutis vel decurrento-acuminatis,
3-plinerviis ; paniculis quam folia brevioribus, subglabris vel
leviter brunneo-furfuraceis ; capsulis depresso-globosis vel ovoi-
deis, circiter 3 cm diametro.
A shrub about 2 m high. Branches terete, light-gray, gla-
brous, the growing parts somewhat brownish-lepidote. Leaves
chartaceous, oblong-obovate, rather pale when dry, apex long-
acuminate, the acumen sharp, subcaudate, the base gradually
narrowed, acute or decurrent-acuminate, 6 to 10 cm long, 2 to
4 cm wide, somewhat shining, the upper surface glabrous, the
lower pale, with small, scattered, brown, lepidote scales which
by no means cover the entire surface; nerves 3, the lateral pair
leaving the midrib just above the base, reaching the apex, the
transverse nervules slender, distinct, numerous; petioles slender,
lepidote, 1 to 1.5 cm long. Flowers unknown. Fruiting pan-
icles shorter than the leaves, about 3 cm long, wider than long,
nearly glabrous or somewhat brown-furfuraceous. Capsules
depressed-globose or ovoid, about 3 mm in diameter.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Infanta, Mount Binuang, Bur. Sci. 9457
Robinson (type), August 29, 1909, in forests, altitude about 800 m: Province
of Laguna, Kelugan River, For. Bur. 19268, Curran February, 1910.
Well characterized by its rather small, sharply subcaudate-acuminate
leaves which are narrowed and acute or decurrent-acuminate at the base,
and sparingly lepidote beneath with scattered, brown, small scales, about
one scale to each ultimate reticulation.
18. ASTRONIA GITINGENSIS Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1202.
SiBUYAN, Mount Giting-giting, Elmer 12518 (type collection).
The striking character of this species is its dark reddish-brown indu-
mentum on its branchlets, inflorescences, and nerves on the lower surfaces
of the younger leaves; the adult leaves are glabrous or nearly so.
350 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
19. ASTRONIA PULCHRA Vid. Rev. PI. Vase. Filip. (1885) 136; Cogn.
in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1097.
Astronia cuemosensis Elm. Leaf!. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1204.
Luzon, Subprovince of Ifugao, Mount Polis, Bur. Sci. 19668 McGregor,
February, 1913: Province of Rizal, Angilog, Loher 6293, March, 1906:
Province of Bataan, Mount Mariveles, Elmer 6827, For. Bur. 2757 Meyer
(both with larger leaves than the type, 8 to 12 cm long) : Province of
Laguna, Mount Maquiling, For. Bur. 776Jf Curran & Merritt: Province of
Albay, For. Bur. H.283 Aguilar: Province of Sorsogon, For. Bur. 105^9
Curran. Leyte, Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15361 Ramos. Negros, Cuernos Moun-
tains, Elmer 10356, 10231^ (type number of A. cuemosensis Elm.); Mount
Silay, Whit ford 1523. Mindanao, District of Davao, Mount Apo, Elmer
11630.
Var. O BO VAT A var. nov.
A typo differt foliis obovatis, fructibus majoribus, circiter
4 mm diametro.
Luzon, Province of Zambales, Mount Tapulao, Bur. Sci. 5013 Ramos,
November, 1907.
In vegetative characters, other than the shape of its leaves, and in its
indumentum this form is quite the same as typical Astronia pulchra Vid.
The fruits are decidedly larger.
Astronia pulchra Vid. was based on Vidal 2^5 from Mount Iriga, Province
of Camarines, Luzon, and it has been interpreted here from the description
only. A memorandum received from Kew in 1910, regarding the type,
states that the type specimen could not then be found, nor could Dr. C. B.
Robinson find it there a year later. The material here referred to A. pulchra
agrees in all particulars with the description, and presents comparatively
little variation in essential characters; the dense, brownish indumentum
which is composed of small appressed scales distinctly visible under a lens
is characteristic.
In describing Astronia cuemosensis as a new species, Mr. Elmer states
“Quite different from the description of A. pulchra Vid.” A careful exami-
nation of the type material, and a comparison with Vidal’s description does
not indicate to me any characters by which A. cuemosensis Elm. can be
distinguished from A. pulchra Vid; in Astronia cuemosensis the leaves are
apparently 3-plinerved instead of 3-nerved, but this difference is more
apparent than real, for the lateral nerves follow the midrib closely to the
very base of the leaf, leaving the midrib at 3 mm or less above the base.
The same character is found on some of the other specimens cited here.
20. ASTRONIA BICOLOR sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 10 ra alta; partibus junioribus foliis inflores-
centiisque plus minusve lepidotis; foliis oblongo-ellipticis, usque
ad 13 cm longis, coriaceis, acuminatis, basi decurrento-acumin-
atis, 3-nerviis vel obscure 3-plinerviis, subtus pallide griseis,
densissime et minute lepidotis ; paniculis parvis ; floribus 5-meris,
circiter 2 mm diametro, calycibus extus parcissime lepidotis vel
subglabris.
VIII, c. 6 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 351
A small tree, about 10 m high. Branches light-gray or some-
what brownish, terete or nearly so, glabrous, the branchlets
minutely appressed-lepidote, the scales deciduous. Leaves op-
posite, oblong-elliptic, coriaceous, 7 to 13 cm long, 2 to 4.5 cm
wide, about equally narrowed to the acuminate apex and to the
somewhat decurrent-acuminate base, the upper surface glabrous,
shining, brownish-olivaceous, the lower pale-gray, very densely
and minutely lepidote with appressed scales, the base 3-nerved,
or the nerves following the midrib a short distance above the
base and hence appearing obscurely 3-plinerved, the transverse
nervules straight, prominent; petioles 1 to 2 cm long. Panicles
terminal, pyramidal, 5 cm long or less, sparingly lepidote, the
branches few, the lower ones about 3 cm long. Flowers small,
5-merous, somewhat crowded toward the ends of the branch-
lets. Calyx cup-shaped, obscurely 5-toothed, about 2 mm in
diameter. Capsules depressed-globose, glabrous or nearly so,
about 3 mm in diameter.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Mount Ugo, For. Bur. 10851 Curran
(type), For. Bur. 1800i Merritt, December 16, 1908, in small valleys forested
with broad-leaved trees in the pine region, altitude about 2,000 meters.
Manifestly allied to Astronia pulchra Vid., from which it is distinguished
by its pale-gray, not ferruginous indumentum, and its nearly glabrous
calyces.
21. ASTRONIA PARVIFOLIA sp. nov.
Arbor parva, polygamo-dioica ; foliis submembranaceis vel
chartaceis, ovato-elipticis ad oblongo-lanceolatis, 6 ad 10 cm
longis, junioribus subtus minutissime cinnamomeo-lepidotis gla-
brescentibus, longe acuminatis, basi acutis vel acuminatis, 3-
nerviis vel obscure 3-plinerviis ; paniculis terminalibus, pauci-
floris, circiter 2 cm longis.
A polygamo-dioecious tree 4 to 10 m high, the older parts quite
glabrous, the branchlets, younger petioles and inflorescences
sparingly pale ferruginous-lepidote or somewhat furfuraceous.
Branches terete, light-gray. Leaves ovate-elliptic to oblong-
lanceolate, submembranaceous or chartaceous, 6 to 10 cm long,
2 to 4 cm wide, narrowed above to the prominently and long-
acuminate apex, the acumen blunt or acute, about 1.5 cm long,
straight or somewhat falcate, the base acute or slightly decur-
rent-acuminate, 3-nerved or obscurely 3-plinerved, the lateral
nerves leaving the very base of the leaf, or following the midrib
closely for 2 to 3 mm before leaving it, the upper surface green,
glabrous, somewhat shining, the lower in young leaves minutely
cinnamomeous-lepidote, soon becoming quite or nearly glabrous
120864 6
352 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
and eventually of about the same color as the upper surface;
petioles slender, about 1 cm long. Panicles terminal, solitary,
pyramidal, short, few-flowered, more or less lepidote with
appressed or somewhat spreading, pale-brownish scales, the
branches few, 1.5 cm long or less. Male flowers: Calyx some-
what lepidote, cup-shaped, about 2 mm in diameter, obscurely
5-toothed, the pedicels 1 mm long or less, subumbellately ar-
ranged at the ends of the panicle-branches. Petals suborbicular,
1.2 mm in diameter. Stamens 10, short. Ovary none. Perfect
flowers : Pedicels arranged as in the male flowers. Calyx
broadly urceolate-campanulate, about 2 mm in diameter, 2 mm
long, the limb somewhat spreading, somewhat lepidote, obscurely
and broadly 5-toothed. Petals orbicular, 1.2 mm in diameter.
Stamens 10, short. Ovary 2-celled; style 2 mm long.
Camiguin de Mindanao, old volcano, Bur. Sci. U682 Ramos, March 24,
1912 (type). Leyte, mountains back of Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15290 Ramos,
August, 1912.
Well characterized by its comparatively small, long-acuminate leaves,
which, when young, are minutely cinnamomeous-lepidote, ultimately be-
coming quite or nearly glabrous, and green on both surfaces, and its very
short, few-flowered panicles. It is most closely allied to Astronia acumina-
tissima Merr., from which it dilfers in its indum-entum and in its very short
panicles.
22. ASTRONIA DISCOLOR sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 10 m alta, polygamo-dioica ; foliis oblongo-ellip-
ticis, subcoriaceis, usque ad 14 cm longis, valde acuminatis, basi
acutis, distincte 3-plinerviis, supra glabris, viridibus, subtus palli-
de griseis, densissime et minutissime adpresse lepidotis ; paniculis
pyramidatis, 7 ad 9 cm longis, multifloris, rhachis ramulisque
subglabris; calycibus cupulatis, extus dense lepidotis, circiter 2
mm in diametro, obscure 5-dentatis.
A small tree, about 10 m high, polygamo-dioecious. Branches
terete, light-gray, quite glabrous, the younger branchlets also
quite glabrous, not at all lepidote. Leaves oblong-elliptic, sub-
coriaceous, 10 to 14 cm long, 4 to 6 cm wide, about equally nar-
rowed to the acuminate apex and to the acute base, the acumen
prominent, usually blunt, straight or falcate, up to 1.5 cm long,
the upper surface glabrous, green or olivaceous when dry, some-
what shining, the lower surface pale-gray, very densely covered
with minute, indistinct, appressed, lepidote scales which are
scarcely evident individually under a lens, the base prominently
3-plinerved, the lateral nerves prominent, leaving the midrib at
from 5 to 10 mm above the base, the transverse nervules promi-
VIII, c, 6 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 353
nent, rather distant, nearly straight or somewhat curved ;
petioles 1 to 1.5 cm long, glabrous or nearly so. Panicles ter-
minal, pyramidal, branched from the base or peduncled, 7 to 9
cm long, many-flowered, the rachis and branches glabrous or
nearly so, the branches few. Male flowers yellowish, somewhat
crowded at the ends of the branchlets, 5-merous, their pedicels
up to 2 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, 2 mm in diameter, obscurely
5-toothed, outside rather densely pale-lepidote. Petals very
broadly ovate to ovate-orbicular, about 1.3 mm long, rounded,
base with a very short, broad claw. Stamens 10, short. Ovary
entirely wanting.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mount Maquiling, Loher 6270, April, 1906
(type). Bur. Sci. 17325 Robinson & Brown (Batangas side), February 24,
1913, in forests, altitude about 870 meters above sea level.
Well characterized by its 3-plinerved leaves which are green above and
pale-gray beneath, and by its nearly glabrous panicles. Its closest ally is
Astronia bicolor Merr., which, however, has distinctly lepidote branchlets,
petioles, and panicles, and nearly glabrous or only slightly lepidote calyces.
23. ASTRONIA CUMINGIANA Vid. Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885) 114, 174 ;
Cogn. in DC. Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 1098.
Luzon, Province of Cagayan, Bur. Sci. 13996 Ramos, For. Bur. lJt812
Darling: Subprovince of Abra, Bur. Sci. 7101 Ramos: Subprovince of Ben-
guet. Bur. Sci. 12705 Fenix, Williams 1556, Elmer 6055, 6011: Province of
Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 1137U, 20168 McGregor: Province of Zambales,
Loher 6290: Province of Rizal, Merrill 1651, Bur. Sci. 1750 Ramos, For. Bur.
2163 Ahern's collector: Province of Laguna, Loher 6252, Bur. Sci. 20565
Ra7nos, Malvar 31^5: Province of Albay, Ahern 8il. Mindoro, For. Bur.
9765 Merritt. Mindanao, District of Lanao, Mrs. Clemens 356, s. n.;
Province of Surigao, Ahern 322, 517. Basilan, Bur. Sci. 16181 Reillo, For.
Bur. 1892^ Miranda.
This species, as here interpreted, is the most common and widely dis-
tributed one in the Philippines, extending from northern Luzon to Basilan;
it has also been reported from northeastern Celebes by Reorders. The
type is Cunning 999 from the Province of Pangasinan, Luzon, of which
there is a mere fragment in the herbarium of the Bureau of Science. In
describing the species Vidal also referred here Nos. SJtS, 6ii, and 1387 of
his own collection, the first two from Rizal Province, the last from Lepanto
Subprovince. Among the specimens referred here some are distinctly
3-nerved, agreeing with the type number, Cuming 999, while others are
as distinctly 3-plinerved, agreeing with the specimens of Vidal’s own collec-
tion cited by him; it should be noted that in the original description of
the species that it is described as having 3-plinerved leaves. From an
examination of our large series of specinjens it is evident that the 3-nerved
and 3-plinerved forms referred here represent but a single species in spite
of the differences in the extreme cases as to the disposition of the nerves.
The vegetative characters otherwise, the indumentum generally, the in-
florescences, and the flowers are fairly uniform in all the specimens. In
354 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
some forms with nearly glabrous adult leaves it is difficult to decide whether
they should be referred here, or to Astronia rolfei as I have interpreted it.
I agree with Mr. Elmer that, from the descriptions alone, it is difficult to
determine the real differences between Astronia rolfei and A. cumingiana.
24. ASTRONIA PIPERI sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 15 m alta, ramulis petiolis inflorescentiisque
densissime ferrugineo-lepidotis ; folils oblongo-ellipticis, subcoria-
ceis, usque ad 18 cm longis, utrinque subaequaliter angustatis,
basi acutis, 3-nerviis, apice breviter obtuse acuminatis, in siccitate
supra glabris, viridis, subtus minute pallide lepidotis, nerviis
nervulisque brunneo-lepidotis ; floribus s 5-meris, numerosis,
calycibus 2,5 mm diametro, 5-dentatis, cupulatis.
A tree about 15 m high, the trunk about 15 cm in diameter,
the younger branchlets, petioles, inflorescence, and the nerves and
nervules on the lower surface of the leaves densely ferruginous-
lepidote or dark brown-lepidote, the nerves and nervules in sharp
contrast to the pale-lepidote lower surface of the leaves. Leaves
oblong-elliptic, 9 to 18 cm long, 4 to 7 cm wide, firmly chartaceous
or subcoriaceous, about equally narrowed to the acute or obscurely
rounded base and to the shortly acuminate apex, when dry the
upper surface green, glabrous, shining, the lower pale, densely
lepidote, the indumentum persistent, in rather sharp contrast to
the dark brown-lepidote midrib, primary nerves, and to a less
degree the transverse nervules of which there are about 25 pairs
between the midrib and the longitudinal nerves; nerves promi-
nent, leaving the very base of the leaf and extending to the apex, a
very faint additional, submarginal, somewhat arched pair also
usually present; petioles 1.5 to 3 cm long. Panicles terminal,
subcorymbose, very densely dark brown-lepidote, 5 to 8 cm long,
about as wide, many-flowered, the flowers somewhat crowded at
the ends of the branchlets. Male flowers 5-merous, their pedicels
1 to 1.5 cm long, densely lepidote as are the cup-shaped calyces
which are 5-toothed, about 2.5 mm in diameter. Petals very
broadly elliptic-ovate, 2 mm long. Stamens 10. Ovary entirely
wanting.
Leyte, Dagami, C. M. Wenzel 222 (type), June 21, 1913, in forests,
the flowers white, pink, and yellow. Mindanao, Province of Surigao,
Hinatuan, C. V. Piper U25, May, 1911. Polillo, Bur. Sci. 9270 Robinson,
August, 1909.
A species manifestly allied to Astronia cumingiana Vid., A. rolfei Vid.,
etc., but distinguishable in general by its dark brown-lepidote, not pale,
indumentum on its branchlets, petioles, inflorescences, nerves and nervules
on the lower surfaces of the leaves. The one striking character by which
VIII, c, 5 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 355
it may be recognized is the dense pale indumentum on the lower surface
of the leaves in contrast to the dark brown-lepidote midrib, nerves, and
nervules. The leaves are always very definitely 3-nerved, not at all 3-pli-
nerved as in most of the material I have referred to Ast7'onia cumingiana
Vid.
25. ASTRONIA GLAUCA Merr. in Govt. Lab. Publ. (Philip.) 29 (1905) 31.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio, Elmer 6294-: Province of Nueva
Vizcaya, For. Bur. H.868 Darling.
This species has been reduced by me * to Astronia pulchra Vid., to which,
however, it is really not closely allied. It may be distinguished by the
very scanty indumentum, on its leaves, which are more or less glaucous
on the lower surface, the lepidote scales being minute and indistinct,
and not at all ferruginous. The dark-brown calyces are characteristic.
Mr, R. A. Rolfe has re-examined the material in the Kew Herbarium, and
in a memorandum supplied on the subject states that while Vidal 3^5, the
type of Astronia pulchra Vid., could not be found in the Kew Herbarium,
that Vidal 3516 had been identified with A. pulchra, and that it is a species
quite distinct from A. glauca Merr.
26. ASTRONIA PLATYPHYLLA sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 12 m alta, ramulis subtus foliis paniculisque
dense pallide brunneo-lepidotis ; foliis oblongo-ellipticis, usque
ad 25 cm longis, utrinque angustatis, apice acutis vel leviter
acuminatis, basi acutis, distincte 3- vel 5-plinerviis, nervis exte-
rioribus tenuibus; paniculis solitariis, pedunculatis, circiter 18
cm longis, pyramidatis, multifloris ; floribus $ confertis, 5-meris,
calycibus cupulatis, circiter 4 mm diametro, obscure 5-dentatis.
A tree about 12 m high. Branches nearly terete, stout, gla-
brous, the ultimate branchlets very obscurely 4-angled, densely
pale brown-lepidote, 5 to 7 mm in diameter. Leaves oblong-
elliptic, coriaceous, 20 to 25 cm long, 8 to 11 cm wide, about
equally narrowed to the acute or obscurely acuminate apex and
to the acute base, the upper surface greenish-olivaceous, glabrous,
shining, the lower very densely lepidote with pale-brownish, small,
appressed scales; nerves 5, the interior pair very prominent,
leaving the midrib 5 to 7 mm above the base, extending to the
apex, the outer pair slender, at most 5 mm from the margin, very
slightly arched between the ends of the lateral nervules, leaving
the very base of the leaf and there very close to the margin,
the transverse nervules between the midrib and the interior
nerves about 25, nearly straight, prominent; petioles 4 to 5 cm
long, densely pale brownish-lepidote with small scales. Panicles
terminal, solitary, the peduncles about 4 cm long, the whole
‘Philip. Journ. Sci. 3 (1908) Bot. 117.
356 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
inflorescence 15 to 18 cm long, pyramidal, all parts densely
lepidote with pale-brown, small, appressed or subappressed scales,
the bracts few, lanceolate, 7 to 12 mm long, the bracteoles 2
mm long or less, the primary branches somewhat spreading, few,
opposite, about 8 cm long, Male flowers 5-merous, rather densely
crowded at the ends of the branchlets. Calyx cup-shaped, 3.5
to 4 mm in diameter, obscurely 5-toothed, outside densely lepidote.
Petals broadly obovate to subrhomboid-obovate, 3.5 mm in diam-
eter, somewhat narrowed below. Stamens 10; filaments 2 mm
long; anthers about as long as the filaments. Ovary entirely
wanting.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 1 65J^5 Ramos, October
2, 1912, in forests.
A species also manifestly polygamo-dioecious, well characterized by its
comparatively large leaves which are densely pale-brownish-lepidote be-
neath, and its ample panicles of rather large male flowers,
EXCLUDED SPECIES
Astronia calycina Vid. Rev. PL Vase. Filip. (18S6) 136; Cogn. in DC.
Monog. Phan. 7 (1891) 102^=Astrocalyx calycina (Vid.) Merr.
(Astrocalyx pleiosandra Merr.)
Atronia macrophylla Blume; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 89; Merr. in
Forestry Bureau Bull. (Philip.) 1 (1903) 45.
Astronia smilicifolia Triana; F.-Vill. 1. c.
Astronia spectabilis Blume; F.-Vill. 1. c., and var. intermedia Miq.;
Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 27, t. 51, f. A.
The last three species have apparently been credited to the Philippines
on erroneously determined specimens.
3. EVERETTIA gen. nov.
Flores 5- vel 6-meri. Calycis campanulatus, limbus regulariter
5- vel 6-lobatus, lobis ovatis, persistentibus. Petala elliptica,
obtusa, imbricata. Stamina petalorum numero dupla, aequalia,
filamentis complanatis ; antherae anguste oblongae, utrinque
obtusae, loculis rimis anticis dehiscentibus, connective basi non
producto, inappendiculato. Ovarium calyci omnino adhaerens,
5- vel 6-loculare; stylus elongatus, stigmate punctiformi; ovula
in loculis numerosissima, placentis angulo interne inferiorque
loculorum affixis, erectis. Capsula depresso-subglobosa, calyce
coriaceo inclusa. Semina minuta, linearia, obscure tetragona.
Arbor, ramis robustis, obtuse tetragonis vel subteretibus, junio-
ribus petiolis subtus foliis inflorescentiisque castaneo- vel brun-
neo-furfuraceis. Folia petiolata, opposita, coriacea, oblonga,
integerrima, supra glabra, subtus densissime brunneo-furfuracea,
VIII, c, 6 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 357
3-nervia et prominente penninervia, nerviis intramarginalibus
prominentibus. Flores magni, breviter pedicellati, ebracteolati,
in cymas breves terminales dispositi.
EVERETTIA PULCHERRIMA sp. nov. (Plate XII.)
Arbor circiter 15 m alta ; foliis oppositis, longe petolatis, oblon-
gis, coriaceis, usque ad 15 cm longis, acuminatis, basi rotundatis,
3-nerviis, nervis lateralibus submarginalibus, nervis transversa-
libus circiter 15 utrinque, prominentibus, supra glabris, subtus
dense brunneo- vel ferrugineo-furfuraceis, vel vetustioribus
subglabris, calycis circiter 1.5 cm longis.
A tree about 15 m high. Branches stout, the branchlets
obscurely and obtusely 4-angled or subterete, dark-brown,
minutely and densely furfuraceous as are the petioles and cymes,
the lenticels large, especially near the nodes. Leaves opposite,
oblong, coriaceous, 10 to 15 cm long, 2.5 to 6.5 cm wide, entire,
the base acute or obtuse, the apex somewhat acuminate or acute,
the upper surface pale and yellowish-green when dry, shining,
quite glabrous, the lower surface very densely and minutely
furfuraceous, brown or somewhat reddish-brown, in very old
leaves pale or green and subglabrous; midrib prominent, the
nerves 2, extending from the base to the apex at from 1 to 3
mm from the margin, straight, as prominent as, and anastomos-
ing with the lateral nerves ; lateral nerves about 15 on each side of
the midrib, straight, not at all curved at their attachment with
the marginal nerves, prominent, the secondary transverse nerves
sometimes nearly as prominent as the primary ones; petioles
4 to 5 cm long. Cymes terminal, many-flowered, shortly pedun-
cled, 6 to 12 cm long. Flowers large, 5- or 6-merous, the pedicels
5 mm long or less, ebracteolate. Calyx campanulate, about 1.5
cm long, the outside densely brown-furfuraceous, the lobes 5 or
6, ovate, abruptly short-acuminate or acute, about 5 mm long.
Petals 5 or 6, pink, or white and pink, elliptic, in nearly mature
bud 1.6 cm long, obtuse. Stamens 10 or 12, in two rows, equal
or subequal; filaments flattened below, about 1.5 cm long;
anthers oblong, obtuse, 5 to 6 mm long, basifixed, connective not
at all produced, inappendiculate. Style cylindric, about 1.8 cm
long. Capsule included in the persistent calyx, depressed-globose,
the apex truncate or depressed, about 1 cm in diameter, 5- or
6-celled. Seeds very numerous, linear, about 2 mm long, ob-
scurely 4-angled, slightly narrowed below.
Negros, Mount Silay, Whitford 1538, May, 1906, on exposed ridges 100
to 1200 m altitude; Canlaon Volcano, Phil. PL 24-9 Merrill, April, 1910, in
358 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
forests, altitude 1200 to 1400 m; Cuernos Mountains, Elmer 10225, June,
1908. Leyte, Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15291 Ramos, August, 1912. Mindanao,
Province of Misamis, Mount Malindang, For. Bur. Jf690 Mearns & Hut-
chinson (type). May, 1906, altitude about 1400 m: District of Davao,
Mount Apo, Elmer llJt25, August, 1909.
This proposed genus in most essential characters is very similar and
manifestly closely allied to Beccarianthus Cogn., of which two species are
known, one from Borneo and one from Mindanao. The type of that
genus, Beccarianthus pulcher Cogn., has 5-nerved leaves and long-papillose
branchlets and inflorescences. The Mindanao species, B. ickisii Merr., has
7- or 9-nerved leaves, the younger parts only sparingly papillose. Everettia
is not at all papillose, but the young branches, lower surfaces of the leaves
and the inflorescences are densely covered with brown furfuraceous scales,
which may disappear to a large extent in very old leaves. The ^eaves in
their venation are entirely different from those of Beccarianthus, having
a prominent midrib and a single pair of intramarginal or submarginal
nerves extending from the base to the apex, at most 5 mm distant from
the margin of the leaf, usually much nearer this, and about as prominent
as the spreading horizontal nerves which connect the midrib with the
marginal ones.
The genus is dedicated to Mr. H. D. Everett, formerly a forester in
the Phlippine Bureau of Forestry, and who made extensive botanical collec-
tions in Negros.
In May, 1908, Mr. Everett, accompanied by Mr. T. R. Wakely, an
American teacher, and the following Filipinos, Messrs. J. Leaho, R. Leano,
and J. Aman, the first two rangers in the Forestry Bureau, started
on a trip across southern Negros. The entire party was killed by the
wild people of the interior, in the mountains back of Bayauan, on or
about May 11, 1908. Nonarrival of the party led to a search being made,
with the result that their remains were found at the place where they
were killed. The remains were brought to Manila and interred in the
Cementerio del Norte, where a suitable monument has been erected to the
memory of all members of the ill-fated expedition.
4. BECCARIANTHUS Cogn.
BECCARIANTHUS ICKISII sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 15 m alta, ramulis subtus foliisque minutissime
furfuraceis, petiolis ramulisque parcissime papillosis; foliis
chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, ovato-ellipticis, longe petiolatis, 20
ad 40 cm longis, breviter acuminatis, basi late rotundatis vel
obscure cordatis, 7- ad 9-nerviis, nervis transversalibus nume-
rosis, prominentibus ; inflorescentiis terminalibus, usque ad 10
cm longis, densifloris; floribus rubris, circiter 3.5 cm longis,
calycis dentibus circiter 1 mm longis.
A tree about 15 m high. Branches stout, subterete, the ulti-
mate ones about 1 cm in diameter, the growing parts minutely
VIII, c, 6 Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae, II 359
brownish-furfuraceous and with few, scattered, rather stout and
soft, pale-brown papillae up to 8 mm in len^h. Leaves opposite,
ovate-elliptic, chartaceous or subcoriaceous, 20 to 40 cm long,
12 to 25 cm wide, apex shortly acuminate, base broad, rounded
or slightly cordate, the upper surface glabrous and shining, pale
yellowish-green when dry, the lower surface brownish, minutely
and rather densely brownish-furfuraceous; nerves 7 to 9 from
the base, the inner five prominent and reaching to the apex of
the leaf, the outer two pairs more slender, the outermost, when
present, submarginal ; transverse veinlets subparallel, numerous,
prominent ; petioles 8 to 20 cm long, with scattered papillae simi-
lar to those on the ultimate branchlets. Inflorescence terminal,
dense, many-flowered, 10 cm long or less, all parts minutely
brown-furfuraceous, not papillose or setose, the branches op-
posite, the branchlets somewhat whorled; bracts lanceolate to
narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, 1.5 to 2 cm long. Flowers red,
subumbellately disposed at the ends of the branchlets, their
pedicels 1 to 2 cm long. Calyx somewhat campanulate, about
1 cm long, truncate, with 5, distant, small teeth 1 mm long or
less. Petals 5, thick, imbricate, inequilateral, base rather broad,
apex acuminate, oblong, about 3 cm long, 1 cm wide. Stamens
10; filaments 3 to 3.5 cm long, about 1.5 mm wide, flattened;
anthers oblong, about as wide as the filament, continuous with it,
5 to 6 mm long, connective not at all produced, not spurred or
auricled. Ovary 5-celled; ovules very numerous on all sides of
the ascending placentae, the placentae attached at the lower
inner angles of the cells; style slender, about 2.5 cm long; stigma
punctiform. Fruit unknown.
Mindanao, Butuan Subprovince, Agusan Valley, in dense, damp forests
on the Umuayan River near Waloe, altitude about 50 m, Merrill 73U2,
October 2, 1910.
This beautiful and very characteristic species is dedicated to the memory
of Mr. H. M. Ickis, late of the Division of Mines, Bureau of Science, who
was killed by the Manobos on the Umuayan River above Waloe in April,
1908.
Beccarianthus has previously been a monotypic genus confined to Borneo,
represented only by Beccarianthus pulcher Cogn., from Sarawak. The
present form is manifestly referable to the same genus, but differs in
its much larger leaves which are 7-nerved, and in its floral characters.
Through the kindness of Doctor Beccari J have been able to examine a
fragment of the type of the genus Beccarianthus, which was kindly loaned
to me at the time I was working out the relationships of the proposed
genus Everettia to Beccarianthus.
360 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
EXCLUDED GENERA
Kibessia simplex Korth; F.-Vill. Novis. App. (1880) 89. This species
has been erroneously credited to the Philippines by several authors
on the basis of Cuming 2337, which was distributed with a Phil-
ippine label, but which was from Malacca, not from the Philippines.
Its proper name is Kibessia echinata (Jack) Cogn., and it is
definitely known only from Penang, the Malay Peninsula, Sin-
gapore, and Borneo. See Vidal Phan. Cuming. Philip. (1885)
XII; Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 281.
Kibessia cordata Korth; F.-Vill. 1. c. Admitted as Philippine probably
on an erroneous identification; it is known only from Sumatra.
Kibessia tuberculata Hook, f.; Vidal Sinopsis Atlas (1883) 27, t. 51,
f. C. The specimen from which the drawing was made was from
Binagonan de Lampon, Infanta, Tayabas Province, Luzon. The
identification is probably incorrect.
Pternandra caerulescens Jack; F.-Vill. 1. c. Erroneously credited to the
Philippines on the basis of Cuming 2316, distributed with a Phil-
ippine label. The specimen is from Malacca, not the Philippines.
See Rolfe in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 21 (1884) 287; Vidal Phan.
Cuming. Philip. (1885) XII.
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES
(Drawings by T. S. Espinosa)
Plate XI. Astrocalyx calycinus (Vid.) Merr. Fig. A, a leafy branch
showing the inflorescence, reduced about §; B, a mature bud,
X2; C, an open flower, x2; D, a mature fruit, X3; E, a
stamen, X4; F, a seed, Xl5.
XII. Everettia pulcherrima Merr. A, a leafy branch showing the in-
florescence, reduced nearly |; B, stamens, side and lateral
views, X2.5; C, a petal (immature), X2.6; D, cross-section of
a mature fruit, X 2.5.
361
f
Merrill: Philippine Melastomataceae.]
[Phil. Journ. Sci., VIII, C, No. 5.
PLATE XI. ASTROCALYX CALYCINA (Vid.) Merr.
Merrill: Philippine Mblastomatacear.]
[Phil. Journ. Sci., VIII, C, No. 5.
B
C
PLATE XII. EVERETTIA PULCHERRIMA Merr.
D
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
VoL. VIII, No. 5, November, 1913
PLANTAE WENZELIANAE
By E. D. Merrill *
(From the Botanical Section of the Biological Laboratory,
Bureau of Science, Manila, P. I.)
In July of the present year I received for identification a com-
paratively small collection of plants made by Mr. C. A. Wenzel,
a resident of Dagami, Leyte. The collection presented such a
high percentage of novelties that it has been considered best to
describe the apparently new species, represented in the collection,
in a separate paper. The collection received totaled 300 num-
bers, representing about 275 species, of which about thirty-five
are apparently undescribed. In the present paper twenty-eight
species are included, the material in each case being sufficiently
complete to warrant the preparation of diagnoses and descrip-
tions. The remaining novelties will of necessity have to be con-
sidered at a later date when more ample material is available for
study. '
Most of the specimens were collected near Dagami, Leyte,
and for the most part in forests below an altitude of 100 meters.
It is to be hoped that Mr. Wenzel will continue his botanical
exploration of the region, which is, apparently, one of very great
interest.
CYPERACEAE
SCLERIA Bergius
SCLERIA TRIGONA sp. nov. (§ Hypoporum.)
Herba perennis, robusta, circiter 1 m alta, subglabra; vaginis
laxis, purpureis, foliis usque ad 70 cm longis, 1.5 cm latis,
margine scabridis, chartaceis, longe acuminatis, base leviter
angustatis; paniculis corymbosis, foliosis, angustis, circiter 20
cm longis; spiculis ut videtur omnibus bisexualis, 4 ad 5 mm
longis; nuculis albis, laevis, 2 ad 2.5 mm longis, acutis, promi-
nente trigonis, leviter hirsutis.
An erect, tufted, perennial plant about 1 m high, the sheaths
in their upper parts, and the infiorescence more or less pubescent,
^Associate Professor of Botany, University of the Philippines, Manila, P. I.
363
364 The Philippine Journal of Science i9is
otherwise nearly glabrous, the stems 3-angled, about 5 mm in
diameter, glabrous, not scabrid on the angles, quite hidden by
the rather lax, purple, overlapping sheaths. Leaves up to 70 cm
long, about 1.5 cm wide, chartaceous, gradually narrowed upward
to the long and slender acuminate apex, slightly narrowed below
and gradually passing into the sheaths, the margins scabrid, the
midrib usually purple ; sheaths lax, sparingly pubescent, purple.
Inflorescence a narrow, terminal, corymbose, leafy panicle, the
primary branches distant, 6 to 12, 4 to 8 cm long, many-flowered,
each subtended by a leaf, the upper leaves gradually shorter, the
lower ones similar to those of the stem but somewhat smaller, the
rachis and branchlets 3-angled, sparingly ciliate-hispid. Spike-
lets apparently all bisexual, lanceolate in flower to ovate in fruit,
4 to 5 mm long, sessile or very shortly pedicelled, numerous, each
subtended by a linear, scabrid, leaf -like bracteole, 6 to 10 mm
long. Empty glumes usually 3, lanceolate to ovate, acuminate,
keeled, distichous, 2.5 to 3 mm long; flrst flowering glume con-
taining a female flower, submembranaceous, about 3.5 mm long,
2 mm wide, somewhat keeled, acuminate ; second flowering glume
similar to the first, containing a male flower, the third and fourth
(when present) thin, narrowly oblong to spatulate, each contain-
ing a male flower or the uppermost one empty. Stamens 3;
anthers linear, 2 mm long, long-apiculate ; filaments about 3 mm
long. Ovary of the female flower narrow, somewhat pubescent;
style 0.5 mm long, the arms 3, slender, 4 to 5 mm long. Nutlet
bony, white, 2 to 2.5 mm long, smooth, shining, acute, prominently
3-angled, sparingly appressed-pubescent with brown hairs, the
gynophore white, prominent, broadly 3-lobed, nearly 1 mm high
and about as wide as the base of the nutlet.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 158, June 18, 1913, in forests. Apparently
most closely allied to Scleria corymhosa Roxb., but entirely different from
our specimens of that species, and from its descriptions. It manifestly
belongs in the section Hypoporum. Its striking features are its loose, not
winged, purple sheaths, its relatively large leaves, its narrow, interrupted,
leafy panicles, and its smooth, shining, more or less ferruginous-pubescent,
acute, prominently 3-angled nutlets.
MORACEAE
FICUS Linnaeus
FICUS EUPHLEBIA sp. nov. (§ Sycidium.)
Frutex 1.5 m altus, ramulis foliisque utrinque minute scabe-
rulis; foliis alternis, oblongis ad anguste ovato-oblongis, char-
taceis, usque ad 20 cm longis, equilateralibus, basi rotundatis vel
VIII, C, 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
365
subobtusis, 3-nerviis, apice subcaudato-acuminatis, margine ir-
regulariter repando-serratis, in siccitate pallidis, nitidis, nervis
utrinque circiter 10, subtus valde prominentibus ; receptaculis
globosis, aurantiacis, scabridis, pedunculatis, axillaribus, fasci-
culatis, circiter 1 cm diametro.
A shrub about 1.5 m high. Branches terete, pale-brownish, the
ultimate ones 2 to 2.5 mm in diameter, minutely scabrid. Leaves
alternate, equilateral, rather distant, oblong to narrowly oblong-
ovate, 15 to 20 cm long, 3.5 to 7 cm wide, rather gradually
narrowed upward to the subcaudate-acuminate apex, the acumen
minutely apiculate, 1.5 to 2 cm long, the base rounded or some-
what obtuse, equilateral, 3-nerved, the margins unequally repand-
dentate, the teeth broad, short, 5 to 10 mm apart, sinuses often
obscure, both surfaces minutely scabrid, when dry pale, somewhat
shining; lateral nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib, very
prominent on the lower surface, curved, anastomosing near the
margin, the reticulations subparallel, prominent ; petioles densely
scabrid, 2 to 3 mm long; stipules linear, acuminate, scabrid,
about 7 mm long. Receptacles fascicled, axillary, 1 to 5 in each
axil, the peduncles rather stout, 3 to 5 mm long, scabrid, the
basal bracts few, broadly triangular, the apical 3 forming a
whorl at the base of the receptacle, broadly triangular, acute,
about 1 mm long, wider than long, margins ciliate-hispid ;
receptacles globose, about 1 cm in diameter, yellow, scabrid.
Fertile female flowers numerous, sessile or subsessile, the ovary
broadly ovoid to ovoid, somewhat inequilateral, 1.2 mm long,
rounded at the apex, the style at the angle or distinctly lateral,
slender, 1 to 1.8 mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 52, March 15, 1913, in forests near small
streams.
Presumably belonging in the section Sycidium, although the male flowers
have not been seen. The species is manifestly allied to the ulmifolia
{sinuosa) group, but has equilateral leaves which are prominently acumi-
nate, and somewhat smaller receptacles than has Ficus tilmifolia Lam.
FICUS PACHYPHYLLA sp. nov. (§ Urostigma.)
Species F. callophyllae Bl. ut videtur valde affinis, omnibus
partibus glabris; foliis crasse coriaceis, oblongis ad ellipticis, 10
ad 15 cm longis, breviter late obtuseque acuminatis, basi 3-pliner-
viis, subtus minutissime dense puncticulatis ; nervis primariis
utrinque circiter 12 ; receptaculis axillaribus, sessilibus, globosis,
1.3 ad 1.5 cm diametro, in siccitate valde laxe rugosis, bracteis
persistentibus, late ovatis, circiter 1 cm longis.
866
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
A tree, apparently starting as an epiphyte, 6 to 10 m high or
more, entirely glabrous. Branches terete, brownish, prominently
wrinkled when dry, the ultimate ones 3 to 4 mm in diameter.
Leaves thickly coriaceous, oblong to elliptic, 10 to 15 cm long,
4.5 to 8 cm wide, pale-brownish and somewhat shining when
dry, smooth, entire, apex broadly and shortly blunt-acumnate,
base acute to somewhat rounded, distinctly 3-plinerved, some-
times with a very obscure slender pair of submarginal nerves
added, margins slightly recurved, the lower surface densely
and minutely puncticulate ; primary lateral nerves about 12 on
each side of the midrib, slender, straight or but slightly curved,
sometimes not much more prominent than are the secondary ones,
anastomosing with a slender, somewhat arched-anastomosing, con-
tinuous, submarginal nerve within about 2 mm of the margin;
petioles 2.5 to 3.5 cm long; stipules deciduous, lanceolate, gla-
brous, long-acuminate, 2 to 2.7 cm long. Receptacles solitary or
in pairs, axillary, sessile, globose, red when mature, glabrous, 1.3
to 1.5 cm in diameter, laxly and prominently wrinkled when dry,
prominently umbonate at the apex, each receptacle subtended by
an involucre of three, persistent, coriaceous, broadly ovate, obtuse
or broadly acute bracts about 1 cm in length, brown when dry.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 209 (type), June 27, 1913, in forests.
To this species I also refer the following specimens: Luzon, Province of
I/aguna, Pililla-Mavitac trail. Bur. Sci. 11950 Robinson & Ramos. Negros,
For. Bur. ^261. Everett. Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Hallier s. n.
The species is manifestly allied to the Javan Ficus callophylla Blume,
but is apparently sufficiently distinct. Javan specimens, so named, present
numerous minor characters in which the species differs fi-om the form here
described. King’s plate is unsatisfactory as it was drawn from an immature
specimen, and to me Plume’s species does not appear to be closely allied
to Ficus elastica as King claims. The minutely puncticulate lower surfaces
of the leaves of Ficus pachyphylla is apparently characteristic for the
species. Ficus pachyphylla is also closely allied to Ficus clusioides Miq., a
species based on an immature specimen collected in the Philippines by
Cuming.
FtCUS VIRIDIFOLIA sp. nov. (§ Paleomorphe.)
Frutex circiter 4 m altus, ramulis teretibus, elongatis, leviter
hispidis; foliis alternis, brevissime petiolatis, chartaceis, plus
minusve hispidis, oblongis ad oblongo-lanceolatis, leviter falcatis,
integris, usque ad 25 cm longis, apice tenuiter longe caudato-
acuminatis, basi inaequilateralibus, distincte obliquiis, in siccitate
utrinque viridis, nervis utrinque circiter 12, remotis, prominenti-
bus, anastomosantibus ; receptaculis axillaribus, fasciculatis,
pedunculatis, subglobosis ad globoso-ovoideis, hispidis, 5 ad 7
mm diametro.
VIII. C. 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
367
A shrub about 4 m high. Branchlets terete, slender, pale-
brown, somewhat striate-wrinkled when dry, somewhat hispid
with short, scattered, stiff hairs. Leaves alternate, narrowly
oblong to oblong-lanceolate, somewhat falcate, chartaceous, entire,
rather bright-green on both surfaces when dry, somewhat shin-
ing, distinctly roughened by minute papillae on both surfaces,
22 to 25 cm long, 6 to 7 cm wide, the base inequilateral, distinctly
oblique, one side acute, the other narrowly rounded and extending
along the midrib several mm farther than the narrower side, the
apex long and slenderly caudate-acuminate, the acumen 2 to 2.5
cm long ; lateral nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib, promi-
nent, distant, anastomosing, the reticulations lax, distinct ; petioles
about 2 mm long, hispid-hirsute ; stipules lanceolate, acuminate,
about 1 mm long. Receptacles axillary, fascicled, up to 6 in each
axil, red, subglobose to globose-ovoid, 5 to 7 mm in diameter,
externally scabrid-hispid, the peduncles hispid-hii-sute, about 3
mm long, each with about 3, distant, scattered, ovate to oblong-
ovate bracts less than 1 mm long, and also with usually 2 or
3 similar bracts on the lower one-half of the receptacle itself.
Fertile female flowers numerous, sessile, the perianth membrana-
ceous, deeply cut into 4, narrowly lanceolate, sparingly hispid,
2 to 2.2 mm long lobes, the ovary narrowly oblong-ovoid, strongly
inequilateral, 1.5 mm long, smooth, the base subtruncate, attached
by one side, the apex obtuse, bearing the style on the same side
as the basal attachment, the style about 1 mm long, narrowly
clavate.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 1^5, June 22, 1913, in forests, the trunk
reaching a diameter of 10 cm.
A species apparently manifestly allied to Ficus celebica Blume, F. pisifera
Wall., etc., but distinguished at once by its much longer, more numerously
nerved leaves.
FICUS WENZELI! sp. nov. (§ Sycidium ?)
Frutex circiter 4 m altus, plus minusve hirsutus; ramulis
teretibus, hirsutis, brunneis; foliis late obovatis ad obovatis vel
ovatis, chartaceis vel subcoriaceis, usque ad 30 cm longis, subin-
tegris, apice tenuiter acuminatis, basi leviter inaequilateraliter
cordatis, 7- vel 9-nerviis, in siccitate subtus brunneis, puncticuia-
tis, parce hispido-hirsutis, nervis lateralibus utrinque circiter
10 ; receptaculis hirsutis, axillaribus, solitariis, late obovoideis, 1
ad 1.5 cm diametro (immaturis).
A shrub about 4 m high. Branches brown, terete, prominently
hirsute, the ultimate ones about 5 mm in diameter. Leaves
opposite, firmly chartaceous to subcoriaceous, broadly obovate to
120864 e
368 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
obovate or even ovate, the larger ones 25 to 30 cm long, 10 to 16
cm wide, margins subentire or very obscurely toothed, somev/hat
narrowed above to the rather slenderly acuminate apex, slightly
narrowed below to the somewhat inequilateral, broadly cordate
base, the sinus very shallow, the lobes broadly rounded, usually
with 3 or 4 short basal nerves on each side of the midrib, when
dry the upper surface brownish-olivaceous, somewhat shining,
sparingly ciliate-hirsute on the midrib and nerves, minutely
scabrrd, the lower surface brown, ciliate-hirsute on the midrib
and nerves with scattered, stiif, white hairs, the surface punc-
tieulate; lateral nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib,
prominent on the lower surface, anastomosing, the primary
reticulations subparallel, prominent ; petioles more or less hirsute,
of the larger leaves 4 to 5.5 cm long. Receptacles axillary,
sessile, broadly obovoid or even depressed-globose (immature) 1
to 1.5 mm long, sparingly hirsute, the basal bracts 3, broadly
ovate, 2 to 3 mm long, somewhat pubescent. Flowers very
numerous, sessile and pedicelled, all female (or some gall flow-
ers?), the ovaries ovoid to subglobose, inequilateral, 0.5 mm long;
style usually distinctly terminal, 1 mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 48, March, 1913, in abaca {Musa textilis)
plantations, edge of foothills, altitude 60 meters.
A species with leaves in form peculiarly like those of the common
Philippine Ficus nota (Blanco) Merr., but otherwise not at all closely
allied to that species. Its exact alliances are not clear to me, for I know
no Philippine or extra-Philippine form that it closely resembles.
URTICACEAE
BOEHMERIA Jacquin
BOEHMERIA CYPHOLOPHOIDES sp. nov.
Species ut videtur B. blumeae et B. heterophyllae affinis, differt
foliis omnibus altemis, isomorphis, basi aequilateraliter rotun-
datis.
A shrub about 2 m high, somewhat pubescent, the branches
reddish-brown, terete, slender, striate when dry, glabrous, the
younger parts rather densely cinereous-pubescent. Leaves all
alternate, all alike in shape, and for the most part alike in size
on the same parts of the branches, oblong-ovate to ovate to ovate-
elliptic, chartaceous, 6 to 13 cm long,*2.5 to 4 cm v/ide, olivaceous
when dry, lower surface slightly paler then the upper, the latter
shining, glabrous, the lower cinereous-pubescent on the midrib
and nerves and to a less degree on the reticulations, the apex
slenderly subcaudate-acuminate, the base equilateral, rounded.
VIII, C, 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
369
3-nerved, the basal nerves reaching above the middle of the leaf,
the margins dentate-crenulate ; lateral nerves above the basal
pair about 4 on each side of the midrib, ascending, distinct.
Glomerules of pistillate flowers mostly on the branches below the
leaves in the axils of fallen leaves, depressed-globose, sessile, 5 to
7 mm in diameter, densely many-flowered, the flowers green, the
subtending bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, about 1 mm long,
numerous. Perianth sparingly hirsute, membranaceous, the in-
flated part surrounding the achenes about 1.4 mm long, abruptly
contracted into a very slender, 1 mm long, hirsute tube closely
investing the style, minutely and slenderly ’3-lobed at the apex.
Achenes obliquely obovoid, slightly compressed, smooth, about
1.2 mm long, the apex obtuse or rounded, base narrowed, acute;
style slender, much-curved, 3 to 3.5 mm long. Staminate flowers
not seen.
Leyte, Dagarni, C. A. Wenzel 35, May 20, 1913, in forested foothills,
altitude about 60 meters.
Apparently a dioecious species, in its equilateral leaves and its much-
curved styles strongly resembling such species of Cypholophus as C. lute-
scens Wedd., and C. brunneolus Elm., diifering, however, from Cypholophus
in its membranaceous perianths, long styles, and alternate leaves. It is
manifestly allied to Boehmeria blumei Wedd. and B. heterophylla Wedd.,
but has always isomorphous alternate leaves which are not in the slightest
degree inequilateral.
PROCRIS Commerson
PROCRIS DOLICHOPHYLLA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens P. frutescens Bl, affinis, differt foliis majori-
bus, usque ad 37 cm longis, nervis magis numerosis, utrinque
circiter 15, folia abortiva oblonga, 2 cm longa, basi prominente
cordata.
A scandent plant 5 m in length, nearly glabrous, the stems 5
m long, 3 cm in diameter, the branches stout, apparently some-
what fleshy when fresh, grayish or dark-colored when dry.
Leaves very unequal, the larger of each pair narrowly oblong-obo-
vate to broadly oblong-oblanceolate, slightly falcate, chartaceous
when dry, 30 to 37 cm long, 7 to 9 cm wide, slightly shining,
when dry brown on the upper surface, much paler on the lower
surface which is distinctly brown-furfuraceous on the midrib,
nerves, and reticulations, cystoliths prominent on both surfaces,
the apex abruptly short-acuminate, the base gradually narrowed,
decurrent-acuminate, nearly equilateral; lateral nerves about 15
on each side of the midrib, curved-ascending, prominent, the re-
ticulations very lax, prominent; petioles 5 to 7 mm long; aborted
leaves stipule-like, sessile, oblong to oblong-ovate, about 2 cm
370 Philippine Journal of Science isis
long, 8 to 10 mm wide, obtuse, base prominently cordate, the basal
auricles half amplexicaul. Female inflorescence axillary, de-
pressed-globose, sessile, solitary, 1 to 1.5 cm in diameter, very
dense. Perianth-segmente 3 or 4, spatulate to oblong-oblan-
ceolate, 1.5 mm long, the apical part somewhat cucullate, obtuse,
base long narrowed. Achenes narrowly elliptic to oblong-ovoid,
acute, smooth, shining, 1 mm long. Staminate inflorescence
not seen.
Leyte, Dagarni, C. A. Wenzel 98, March 29, 1913, climbing on trees in
forested foothills, altitude about 60 meters.
A species apparently sufficiently distinct from Procris frutescens Blume
and P. pedunculata Wedd., to both of which it is manifestly allied. It
has much larger, more numerously nerved leaves than either, and the
prominently cordate, oblong to oblong-ovate, sessile, somewhat amplexicaul
abortive leaves seems to be characteristic.
LORANTHACEAE
LORANTHUS Linnaeus
LORANTHUS WENZELII sp. nov. (§ Heteranthus.)
Frutex parasiticus, scandens, glaber, ramis ramulisque tereti-
bus; foliis verticellatis, ternis vel quarteniis, crasse coriaceis,
ovato-ellipticis vel oblongo-ellipticis, utrinque subaequaliter an-
gustatis, apice acuminatis, basi acutis, petiolatis, usque ad 18 cm
longis, nervis lateralibus obscuris ; floribus 5-meris, circiter 2 cm
longis, solitariis vel leviter fasciculatis, breviter pedicellatis,
axillaribus vel extra-axillaribus.
A parasitic, scandent, glabrous shrub, the branches and branch-
lets terete, the former light grayish-brown, the latter smooth,
about 3 mm in diameter, dark-brown, often somewhat compressed
at the nodes, the intemodes 8 to 10 cm long. Leaves whorled,
3 or 4 at each node, oblong-elliptic to ovate-elliptic, 12 to
18 cm long, 5.5 to 8 cm wide, thickly coriaceous, somewhat
brownish and dull when dry, about equally narrowed to the
prominently and usually slenderly acuminate apex and to the
acute base; lateral nerves 6 to 8 on eaxh side of the midrib,
slender, obscure; petioles stout, 1.5 to 3 cm long. Flowers
yellow, 5-merous, solitary or few together, axillary or along
the branches between the nodes, their pedicels 1 to 1.5 mm long,
the solitary apical bracteole orbicular-ovate, concave, rounded,
1.2 mm long, about 2 mm wide. Calyx somewhat funnel-
shaped, 3 mm long, 2.5 rnm in diameter at the apex, the
limb slightly produced, truncate. Petals 5, entirely free, about
17 mm long, 1.5 mm wide at the base, somewhat enlarged
VIII. C, 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
371
upward and 3 mrn wide opposite the insertion of the stamens,
the reflexed part above the stamens narrowed upward to the acute
apex, about 5.5 mm long. Filaments 1 mm long; anthers nar-
rowly oblong, continuous, 3 to 3.5 mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, climbing on trees in forests, altitude about 60 meters,
C. A. Wenzel 2U, April 20, 1913.
A strongly marked species, well characterized by its solitary or nearly
solitary, short-pediceiled, axillary and extra-axillary flowers in combination
with its thickly coriaceous, verticellate leaves. It is allied to Loranthus
lanaensis Merr., which has, however, opposite or subopposite leaves, larger
flowers, and cymose inflorescences.
ANONACEAE
POLYALTHIA Blume
POLYALTHIA SiMILIS sp. nov. (§ Eupolyalthia.)
Species P. obliquae Hook. f. et Th. similis et valde aflinis,
differt fioribus paullo majoribus, breviter pedicellatis, saepe
geminatis, et foliis chartaceis vix coriaceis.
A shrub or small tree 4 to 5 m high. Branches terete, dark-
gray, lenticellate, glabrous, the younger parts distinctly pubescent.
Leaves oblong to oblong-lanceolate, chartaceous, shining, pale
when dry, 10 to 18 cm long, 2 to 6.5 cm wide, the apex shortly
acuminate, the base narrowed and distinctly althoughly minutely
inequilaterally cordate, the upper surface quite glabrous when
dry, the lower paler, sparingly appressed-pubescent along the
midrib, the lateral nerves about 12 on each side of the midrib,
slender, distinct, looped-anastomosing, the reticulations lax ;
petioles stout, 2 mm long or less. Flowers green or yellowish,
solitary or in pairs from the axils of fallen leaves and from the
branches below the leaves, their pedicels stout, somewhat pubes-
cent, 2 to 3 mm long, bracteate at the base. Sepals reniform
to broadly ovate, thickly coriaceous, 3 to 4 mm long, 5 mm
wide, obtuse, slightly pubescent externally. Outer three petals
oblong-ovate, coriaceous, recurved, densely ferruginous-pubescent
externally, inside glabrous, obtuse, about 10 mm long, 6 mm
wide, the inner three similar but more erect, narrowly oblong,
about 8 mm long, 4 mm wide. Stamens many, narrowly oblong-
obovate, the connectives truncate, 1.2 mm long. Carpels many,
oblong, 1 to 1.5 mm long, pubescent below ; stigmas subcapitate ;
ovules two, basal or subbasal.
Leyte, Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15185 Ramos (type), August 9, 1912, C. A.
Wenzel 91, March, 1913, in damp forests.
A species manifestly very closely allied to the Malayan Polyalthia obliqua
Hook. f. & Th., which is reported from Chittagong, the Malay Peninsula,
372 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
Sumatra, and Borneo. As that species is described, however, the Phil-
ippine plant differs in its thinner leaves which apparently have more
numerous nerves, and its somewhat larger flowers which are often borne
in pairs. Comparison with authentic material may, however, show them
to be identical.
CONNARACEAE
ROUREA Aublet
ROUREA UNIFOLIOLATA sp. nov.
Species R. volubilis (Blanco) Merr. affinis, difFert foliis omni-
bus unifoliolatis, foliolis majoribus, longe subcaudato-acuminatis,
inflorescentiis laxioribus.
A woody vine reaching a height of 20 m and a diameter of 4
cm, quite glabrous. Branches brown, shining, terete, slightly
wrinkled when dry. Leaves alternate, simple, subcoriaceous, pale
and strongly shining on both surfaces when dry, oblong-ovate,
9 to 15 cm long, 4 to 6 cm wide, the apex long and rather slenderly
subcaudate-acuminate, the acumen blunt, up to 2 cm long, the
base somewhat narrowed and acute or somewhat obtuse; lateral
nerves 4 or 5 on each side of the midrib, curved-ascending,
slender, distinct, anastomosing, the reticulations slender, dis-
tinct, the lower two pairs of nerves leaving the midrib near
the base, the others distant; petioles 2 to 5 cm long, jointed
to the 5 mm long petiolule of the solitary leaflet. Panicles axil-
lary, fascicled, up to 11 cm long, the shorter ones sometimes
reduced to racemes. Flowers white or pink. Sepals ovate, acute
or somewhat acuminate, 3.5 to 4 mm long, their margins very
minutely and shortly ciliate. Petals oblanceolate, 8 mm long, 2
mm wide, acute or obtuse, narrowed below. Anthers 0.8 mm
long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 36, May 20, 1913, in forests, altitude about
60 meters.
Similar to some forms of Rourea volubilis (Blanco) Merr., but with
always simple leaves.
BURSERACEAE
CANARIUM Linnaeus
CANARIUM EUPHLEBIUM sp. nov. (§ Monadelphia.)
Arbor circiter 17 m alta, leviter hirsuta; foliis 20 ad 25 cm
longis, 3- vel 4-foliolatis, pinnatis; stipulis setaceis, hirsutis, 7
ad 10 mm longis; foliolis coriaceis, in siccitate utrinque viridis,
nitidis, oblongis ad oblongo-ellipticis, usque ad 15 cm longis,
breviter acuminatis, margine obscure denticulatis, denticulis
valde fasciculato-ciliatis, nervis lateralibus utrinque circiter 15,
VIII, c, 6 Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae 373
subtus cum reticulis valde prominentibus, costa nervisque utrin-
que leviter ciliato-hirsutis ; inflorescentiis spicatis, axillaribus,
usque ad 10 cm longis; floribus $ fasciculatis, 3-meris, circiter
1 cm longis (vel longioribus) , filamentis basi connatis, disco apice
valde ciliato.
A tree about 17 m high. Branches terete, pale-gray, the
ultimate ones 3 to 4 mm in diameter, glabrous, the younger branch-
lets more or less hirsute or ciliate-hirsute with stiff, short or
elongated, pale-brownish hairs. Leaves alternate, 20 to 25 cm
long, pinnately 3- or 4-foliolate, the petioles and rachis pale,
slightly hirsute, glabrescent; stipules setaceous, 7 to 10 mm long,
densely hirsute, persistent; leaflets oblong to oblong-elliptic, 7
to 15 cm long, 3.5 to 6 cm wide, coriaceous, green and shining
on both surfaces when dry, the midrib, lateral nerves, and to a
less degree the very prominent reticulations on both surfaces,
with scattered, very stiff, white, setose-ciliate hairs about 1 mm
long, the apex shortly acuminate, the base rounded to subacute,
the margins usually somewhat recurved, distantly denticulate, a
minute tooth terminating each marginal reticulation, each tooth
with a tuft of stiff ciliate hairs; lateral nerves about 15 on each
side of the midrib, somewhat impressed on the upper surface,
very prominent on the lower, the primary reticulations often
subparallel, nearly as prominent as the nerves; petiolules, 8 to
15 mm long, sparingly hirsute or ciliate, that of the terminal
leaflet in trifoliolate leaves often much longer. Staminate
inflorescences axillary, solitary, spicate, 7 to 10 cm long, more
or less hirsute with short stiff hairs, the flowers sessile, fascicled
at the nodes, rather numerous. Flowers 3-merous, yellowish.
Calyx cylindric-cupular, densely pale-hirsute with short appressed
hairs, 7 to 8 mm long, about 5 mm in diameter, the lobes 3,
broadly ovate, 3 mm long and 4 mm wide, rounded or shortly
and abruptly acuminate. Petals (in nearly mature bud) about
9 mm long, 3.5 mm wide, oblong-obovate, obtuse, externally in
the upper part densely appressed-hirsute. Stamens 6, their
filaments glabrous, free from the disk and outside of it, united
for the lower 1 to 1.5 mm, the free parts about 4 mm long;
anthers oblong, 3 mm long. Disk thick, somewhat cupular, about
1.5 mm high, glabrous except for the densely ciliate-hirsute apex
which is obscurely denticulate.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 283, July 3, 1913, in forests.
A species strongly characterized by its very prominently nerved and
reticulate leaflets which are few in number, 3 or 4, their margins minutely
denticulate, each small tooth tipped with a tuft of stiff hairs, the scattered,
374
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
very stiff hairs on the nerves and reticulations, its setaceous, hirsute stipules,
and its spicate inflorescence.
CANARiUM RAMOSM sp. nov. (§ Monadelphia.)
Arbor alta, omnibus partibus plus minusve hirsutis; foliis
usque ad 50 cm longis, 4- vel 5-jugis, exstipulatis ; foliolis charta-
ceis vei membranaceis, 15 ad 24 cm longis, integris, apice ionge
caudato-acuminatis, basi angustatis, acutis, inaequilateralibus ;
racemis axillaribus, quam folia brevioribus ; floribus $ ad
nodos fasciculatis, pedicellatis, paucis, bracteolis minutis; petalis
oblongis, circiter 13 cm longis ; filamentis basi breviter connatis,
elongatis ; disco libero, 2.5 mm longo, dense hirsute.
A tall tree, the branches, leaves, and inflorescence distinctly
hirsute with more or less scattered, few to many, spreading,
somewhat brownish hairs. Branches terete, glabrous, brownish,
lenticellate, the ultimate ones about 5 mm in diameter. Leaves
alternate, pinnate, up to 50 cm in length, the leaflets 3 to 11,
the rachis and petiolules distinctly hirsute; leaflets in general
oblong, the upper ones on each leaf larger than the lower, 15 to 24
cm long, 5 to 7,5 cm wide, entire, chartaceous or membranaceous,
of about the same color and equally shining on both surfaces
when dry, especially hirsute along the midrib and lateral nerves
on both surfaces, otherwise with very scattered hairs, the apex
long and slenderly caudate-acuminate, the acumen up to 3 cm
long, blunt, the base usually inequilateral, acute, sometimes
rounded on the broader side; lateral nerves 9 to 12 on each
side of the midrib, distinct, curved, the reticulations rather
fine, distinct ; petiolules hirsute, 1 to 2 cm long; stipules none.
Racemes few, solitary in the uppermost axils, sometimes appear-
ing subterminal, slender, few-flowered, 25 cm long or less, spar-
ingly hirsute, the flowers in pairs or somewhat fascicled at the
distant nodes, closer above. Flowers 3-merous, their pedicels
about 3 mm long. Calyx broadly cup-shaped, sparingly pubescent
with short hairs externally, about 3 mm long and wide, with
three, subequal, very broadly ovate, obtuse lobes about 1.5 mm
long. Petals 3, narrowly oblong, 13 mm long, 3.5 mm wide,
narrowed more or less at both ends, imbricate, sparingly pubes-
cent externally, apex suba.cute or obtuse. Stamens 6, united
for their lower 1 mm, glabrous, the free parts 8 mm long, quite
free from the disk and inserted outside of it; anthers narrowly
oblong, 3 mm long. Disk about 2.5 mm long, somewhat tubular
or cup-shaped, obscurely lobed, densely hirsute externally with
short brown hairs, the apex with much longer, stiff, ciliate hairs.
Leyte, Dagami, Phil. PL 1168 Ramos, August, 1912, in forests.
vni, c. B
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
375
Var. PARVUM var. nov.
A typo differt foliis minoribus, 5 ad 10 cm longis, 2,5 ad 4
cm latis, calycis lobis 3 mm longis,
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel lOS, June 12, 1913, in forests, a tree
about 15 m. high, the flowers white.
The species is well characterized by its hirsute, spreading hairs, its
entire, caudate-acuminate (or in the variety merely acuminate) leaves,
its racemose, few-flowered racemes, its cylindric, relatively long flowers,
and its densely hirsute and hirsute-ciliate disk. The variety proposed
differs in its much smaller, somewhat differently shaped, less acuminate
leaves, but in all floral characters, except in minor points as to dimensions,
which may be due to state of development, it is essentially the same as
the species. Additional material will show whether or not the differences
are permanent or only trivial.
MELIACEAE
DYSOXYLUM Blume
DYSOXYLUM PLATYPHYLLUM sp. nov. (§ Eudysoxylmn.)
/.rbor 12 m alta, glabra; foliis alternis, 30 ad 40 cm longis,
foliolis 5, ovato-ellipticis, chartaceis, in siccitate nitidis, pallidis,
usque ad 20 cm longis et 9 cm latis, acuminatis, basi plus minusve
inaequilateralibus ; paniculis axillaribus multifloris, pyramidatis,
circiter 15 cm longis, ramis paucis; floribus 4- vel 5-meris,
circiter 9 mm longis, petaiis intus minutissime puberulis; tubo
libero, extus glabro, mtus hirsute; discus tubulosus, hirsutus;
ovario glabro, 4-loculare.
A tree about 12 m high, the trunk 30 cm in diameter, quite
glabrous except some parts of the flowers. Branches terete,
brownish-gray, somewhat lenticellate, sparingly rugose when dry,
somewhat shining. Leaves alternate, 30 to 40 cm long, the
rachis somewhat angled. Leaves 5, pale, shining when dry,
tough, chartaceous, ovate-elliptic to broadly elliptic, 15 to 20 cm
long, 7 to 9 cm wide, the apex prominently and rather abruptly
acuminate, the acumen acute or blunt, the base mostly rounded
on one side, acute on the other, always distinctly inequilateral;
petiolules 5 to 10 mm long; lateral nerves about 10 on each side
of the midrib, prominent on the lower surface, brownish, scarcely
anastomosing, the reticulations obsolete or nearly so. Panicles
in the upper axils, glabrous, solitary, 10 to 15 cm long, pyramidal,
the primary branches few, usually 3 or 4, 10 cm long or less.
Flowers white, numerous, fragrant, their pedicels 1 to 2 mm
long. Calyx broadly cup-shaped, 2.5 mm long or less, usually
4-lobed, the lobes short, broadly ovate, obtuse, sometimes extend-
ing one-half to the base of the calyx. Petals 4 or 5, oblong.
376 The Philippine Journal of Science m*
about 9 mm long, 2.5 to 3 mm wide, glabrous externally or very
minutely puberulent near the apex, inside in the upper part
densely and minutely puberulent, quite free from the staminal-
tube. Staminal-tube cylindric, 7 to 8 mm long, cylindric, glab-
rous externally, inside prominently hirsute with long white hairs,
apex minutely toothed. Stamens 8 or 10, included, sessile, 1.1
mm long. Disk cylindric, 2 mm high, very densely hirsute.
Ovary narrowly ovoid, glabrous, 4-celled, narrowed upward into
the 4 to 5 mm long style.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 118, June 12, 1913, in forests.
Following DeCandolle’s arrangement of the species this form falls close
to the Malayan Dysoxylum costulatum Miq., and D. nagelianum C. DC. It
is, however, very different from all the species of the section Eudysoxylum
with free staminal-tubes and glabrous ovaries.
DYSOXYLUM LEYTEMSE sp. nov. (§ Eudysoxylum.)
Arbor 15 ad 20 m alta, subglabra; foliis ut videtur alternis,
usque ad 60 cm longis, 6- vel 7-jugis, foliolis chartaceis vel
membranaceis, 15 ad 25 cm longis, oblongo-ellipticis, brevissime
obtuse acuminatis; inflorescentiis brevibus, paucifloris, vel bre-
vissime racemosis, e truncis et ramis vetustioribus, solitariis vel
fasciculatis ; floribus 2.5 cm longis, 4-meris, petalis extus adpresse
pubescentibus, tubo libro, glabro, ovario densissime villoso.
A tree 15 to 20 m high, nearly glabrous, or the younger parts
slightly pubescent, the flowers prominently so. Leaves appar-
ently alternate, up to 60 cm in length, glabrous or nearly so,
with 6 or 7 pair of opposite leaflets; leaflets membranaceous to
chartaceous, oblong-elliptic, 15 to 25 cm long, 7 to 12 cm wide,
apex very shortly and obtusely acuminate, base more or less
inequilateral, somewhat obliquely rounded, very obscurely cor-
date; petiolules 4 mm long or less; lateral nerves 15 to 18 on
each side of the midrib, prominent. Inflorescence from the trunk
and larger branches, usually fascicled, of very short, few-flowered
racemes, the rachis of the racemes less than 1 cm long. Flowers
v/hite, fragrant, 4-merous, their pedicels 7 to 8 mm long. Calyx
broadly cylindric or slightly enlarged upward, about 10 mm long,
glabrous or with scattered hairs, densely puncticulate, with 4,
irregular, oblong to broadly ovate, obtuse, 2 to 3 mm long lobes.
Petals 4, strap-shaped, 2.5 cm long, 3 to 4 mm wide, apex
thickened, acute or obtuse, externally in the upper one-half rather
densely subferruginous-pubescent with short appressed hairs,
quite free from the staminal-tube. Staminal-tube cylindric,
glabrous outside, inside slightly villous, about 2 cm long, 3.5 to
VIII, C, 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
377
4 mm in diameter, 3-lobed at the apex, the lobes recurved,
narrowly oblong, obtuse or slightly retuse, 2 to 2.5 mm long.
Anthers 8, sessile, alternating with the lobes and inserted between
them, 1,5 mm long. Disk glabrous, about 3 mm long, truncate,
prominent. Ovary very densely villous as is the lower 6 to 8
mm of the style, the upper part of the style glabrous; stigma
disk-like, about 1.5 mm in diameter. Fruit yellow or red,
globose, glabrous or nearly so, when dry 3 to 3.5 cm in diameter,
mostly 3-celled, very tardily dehiscing, the pericarp very thickly
coriaceous.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 77 (type), March, 1913, in flower, Wenzel
10, June, 1913, Bur. Sci. 152H Ramos, August, 1912, the latter two with
fruits.
A very characteristic species, allied manifestly to Dysoxylum cuminy-
ianum C. DC., D. caulifiorum Hiern, D. ramiftorum Miq., and D. caulosta-
chyum Miq., from all of which it is distinguished by its unusually large
flowers.
DYSOXYLUM VERRUCULOSUM sp. nov. (§ Eudysoxylum.)
Arbor circiter 25 m alta, plus minusve puberula vel subglabra ;
foliis ut videtur alternis, circiter 40 cm longis, 6-jugis, foliolis
suboppositis, usque ad 13 cm longis, oblong-ellipticis, opacis,
chartaceis, in siccitate subolivaceis, utrinque densissime verrucu-
losis, acuminatis, basi inaequilateralibus, nervis utrinque 10 ad
12; paniculis axillaribus, ramosis, circiter 20 cm longis, ramis
paucis; floribus numerosis, 4-meris, circiter 8 mm longis, petalis
extus dense puberulis, liberis; ovario puberulo.
A tree about 25 m high, more or less puberulent or subgla-
brous. Leaves apparently alternate, about 40 cm long, the rachis
sparingly puberulent; leaflets 6 pairs, subopposite or the lower
and upper pair opposite the intermediate ones subalternate,
gradually elongated upward, oblong-elliptic, chartaceous, gla-
brous, up to 13 cm long and 5 cm wide, somewhat falcate, the
apex prominently acuminate, the base very inequilateral, when
dry very densely verruculose on both surfaces, pale-olivaceous;
lateral nerves 10 to 12 on each side of the midrib, distinct
on the lower surface, scarcely anastomosing, the reticulations
obsolete or nearly so; petiolules about 5 mm long. Panicles
apparently axillary, panicled, branched, the branches few, the
lowest one up to 10 cm long, the entire panicle up to 20 cm in
length, usually with but 3 or 4 primary branches, more or
less puberulent, the flowers numerous, flesh-colored, racemosely
arranged along the panicle-branches, somewhat fascicled at the
378
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
nodes, the pedicles 1 to 2 mm long. Calyx cup-shaped, reddish-
brown when dry, glabrous or nearly so, about 3 mm long, even-
tually split nearly to the base into three, broadly ovate, obtuse
segments. Petals 4, oblong, about 8 mm long, 3 mm wide, densely
gray-puberulent externally, obtuse, imbricate, quite free from
the staminal-tube. Staminal-tube 6 to 7 mm long, cylindric or
narrov/ly ovoid-cylindric, slightly puberulent, the apex with 8,
very short, slightly refuse teeth. Stamens 8, the anthers sessile,
included, inserted opposite the teeth, oblong-elliptic, about 1 mm
long. Disk free, cup-shaped, 2 mm high, slightly pubescent,
truncate or very minutely toothed. Ovary ovoid, 1.5 mm long,
4-celled, somewhat pubescent or puberulent, narrowed upward
into the stout, slightly puberulent, 4 mm long style; stigma
depressed-globose, about 1 mm in diameter.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 28, May 5, 1913, in forests, altitude about
60 meters.
Apparently belonging in the group with Dysoxylum arborescens Miq., as
the species are arranged by C. DeCandolle; it is, however, very different
from this species and the allied forms, as described. The minutely and
densely verruculose leaves is characteristic.
WALSURA Roxburgh
WALSURA BRACHYBOTRYS sp. nov.
Arbor circiter 20 m alta, glabra vel subglabra; foliis alternis,
usque ad 20 cm longis, foliolis 3 vel 5, chartaceis, oblongo-
ellipticis, utrinque angustatis, apice obtuse acuminatis, basi acutis
vel decurrento-acuminatis, majoribus 12 cm longis; inflorescentiis
brevissimis, axillaribus, solitariis, pedunculatis, circiter 1 cm
longis, parce pubescentibus ; floribus circiter 4 mm longis, fiia-
mentis retusis.
A tree about 20 m high, nearly glabrous. Branches terete,
gray, wrinkled when dry, the growing tips somewhat pubescent.
Leaves alternate, up to 20 cm long, glabrous, usually 5-foliolate,
with some 3-foliolate ones, or more rarely reduced to 2 or 1
leaflets; leaflets opposite, chartaceous, glabrous, pale-greenish
when dry, slightly shining and of nearly the same color on both
surfaces, oblong-elliptic, the lower ones smaller than the upper, 6
to 12 cm long, 3 to 4.5 cm wide, about equally narrowed at both
ends, the apex prominently acuminate, the acumen usually blunt,
the base acute or somewhat decurrent-acuminate ; lateral nerves
of the larger leaflets about 6 on each side of the midrib, slender,
prominent, arched-anastomosing, the reticulations very lax ;
petiolules about 5 mm long, that of the terminal leaflet twice
as long as the lateral ones. Inflorescence very short, about 1
VIII, c, 6 Memll: Plantae Wenzelianae ^79
cm long, peduncled, densely flowered, the flowers racemosely
arranged, white, their pedicels very stout, 1 to 1.5 mm long, each
subtended by two or three, oblong-ovate, acute or acuminate, 1
to 1.3 mm long bracteoles, the inflorescence slightly pubescent.
Sepals 5, nearly free, imbricate, orbicular-reniform, rounded,
about 1,2 mm long. Petals 5, oblong-elliptic, 3.5 to 4 mm long,
1.8 mm wide, apex obtuse, narrowed below to the subacute base,
free. Stamens 10, slightly united at the very base, narrowly
oblong, cleft at the apex and bearing a sessile, oblong-ovoid, 0,8
mm long anther at the cleft. Disk obscure, annular, glabrous.
Ovary depressed, glabrous; style about 1 mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 295, July 3, 1913, in forests.
A species entirely different from most of the described ones in the genus,
but apparently most closely allied to Walsura multijuga King. Its very
short dense inflorescences are characteristic.
EUPHORBIACEAE
CHEILOSA Blume
CHEILOSA HOWJALHFOLIA sp. nov.
Arbor dioica, 8 ad 15 m alta, inflorescentiis minute puberulis
exceptis glaber; foliis ovatis ad oblongo-ovatis usque ad 20 cm
longis, obtusis vel leviter acurninatis, chartaceis vel subcoriaceis,
nitidis, margine leviter undulatis, basi rotundatis ad obtusis,
eglandulosis, nervis utrinque circiter 8 ; petiolo 5 ad 7 cm longo ;
inflorescentiis $ axillaribus, anguste paniculatis, usque ad 11 cm
longis, floribus parvis, 4- 5- vel 6-meris, circiter 3 mm diametro ;
inflorescentiis 5 axillaribus, solitariis, racemosis, floribus 5-,
rariter 6-meris, circiter 5 mm longis.
A dioecious tree 8 to 15 m high, glabrous except the somewhat
puberulent inflorescence. Branches terete, reddish or olivaceous-
brown, smooth. Leaves alternate, ovate to oblong-ovate, firmly
chartaceous to subcoriaceous, 14 to 20 cm long, 7 to 11 cm wide,
shining, the base rounded to obtuse, without glands at the junc-
tion with the petiole, the apex obtuse to somewhat acumunate,
margins somewhat undulate or coarsely crenate-undulate, each
undulation with a distinct but scarcely projecting gland; lateral
nerves usually 8, prominent, curved-ascending, anastomosing,
the reticulations slender, distinct ; petioles 5 to 7 cm long. Male
panicles narrow, slender, many-flowered, axillary, solitary or
somewhat fascicled, up to 11 cm long, sparingly puberulent.
Flowers 4- to 6-merous, the buds depressed-globose, the pedicels
1.5 to 2 mm long, each subtended by a single, ovate, acuminate,
1 mm long, deciduous bracteole. Sepals 4 to 6, imbricate, ovate,
380
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
2 mm long, obtuse or somewhat acute, yellow. Stamens 8, 10, or
12, somewhat 2-seriate, one-half a little longer than the others,
the longer filaments 2 mm, the shorter ones 1.3 mm long, subal-
temate. Rudimentary ovary somewhat pubescent, oblong, about
1 mm long, 2- or 3-cleft. Female inflorescence axillary, solitary
or two in each axil, racemose 5 to 10 cm long, slightly puberulent,
the pedicels about 5 mm long, each subtended by an oblong-
ovate bracteole about 2 mm long. Flowers greenish, 5-, rarely
6-merous, 8 to 12 in each raceme. Sepals 5, rarely 6, oblong,
obtuse or acute, slightly pubescent, more or less recurved, about
5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide. Disk annular, prominent. Stamens
or staminodes none. Ovary narrowly ovoid, as long as or longer
than the sepals, pale, densely gray-pubescent 3-celled, each cell
with a single ovule; stigmas 3, rather stout, recurved, 3 mm
long, apex slightly notched.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel H7, $ flowers (type), 161 flowers, June
22 and 19, 1913, in forests.
A species quite distinct from Cheilosa javanica Bl., but in many respects
more closely allied to Alcinaneanthus philippinensis Merr., a monotypic
genus recently described by me. The leaves have no basal, glands as in
Alcinaeanthus, and the fruit, so far as can be told from old flowers, is
evidently 3-locellate. It is decidedly intermediate in characters between
Cheilosa and Alcinaeanthus, and goes far to invalidate the latter genus. In
its male flowers being solitary in the axil of each bracteole, not fascicled,
it is Alcinaeanthus, while in having 4-, 5-, and 6-merous male flowers it is
intermediate between the 4-merous Alcinaeanthus and 5-merous Cheilosa.
In its female flowers its 3-celled ovary is a Cheilosa character. In vege-
tative characters it resembles both Cheilosa and Alcinaeanthus, more the
former than the latter because of the entire absence of basal glands. Its
specific name is taken from the fact that its leaves very strongly resemble
those of several Philippine species of Homalium.
TRIGONOSTEMON Blume
TRIQONOSTEMON WENZELII sp. nov. (§ Eutrigonostemon.)
Arbor circiter 5 m alta, glabra vel subglabra; foliis breviter
petiolatis, late lanceolatis ad elliptico-lanceolatis vel oblanceolatis,
integris, usque ad 12 cm longis, glabris, acuminatis, basi obtusis
vel acutis, nervis utrinque 7 vel 8 ; racemis axillaribus, solitariis,
paucifloris, quam folia brevioribus vel subaequalibus ; floribus
$ atropurpureis, petalis 5 mm longis, anguste oblongis, stami-
nibus 3.
A small tree, nearly glabrous, the very tips of the branchlets,
the younger petioles, and the racemes with few, appressed,
more or less deciduous hairs. Branches slender, terete, glabrous.
Leaves dark-colored when dry, broadly lanceolate to elliptic-
VIII, C, 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
381
lanceolate or somewhat oblanceolate, firmly chartaceous, shining,
6 to 12 cm long, 2 to 3.5 cm wide, entire, apex acuminate, base
obtuse or somewhat acute; lateral nerves 7 or 8 on each side
of the midrib, distinct; petioles mostly about 5 mm long, rarely
reaching 1.5 cm in length. Racemes axillary, solitary, slender,
few-flowered, shorter than the leaves, sometimes about as long
as the smaller leaves, very few-flowered, the flowers distant.
Male flov/ers: Pedicels slender, about 4 mm long, the bracteoles
lanceolate, acuminate, about 1.2 mm long. Sepals pink, 5, im-
bricate, membranaceous, glabrous, narrowly ovate to narrowly
elliptic-obovate, obtuse or rounded, 1.5 to 2.5 mm long. Petals
very dark-purple, almost black, glabrous, oblong to narrowly
oblong-obovate, about 5 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, apex rounded
or often deeply and obliquely retuse. Disk-glands 5, prominent,
hemispheric, white, 0.5 mm in diameter. United filaments 1.5
mm long ; anthers 3, 0.8 mm long. Female flowers borne on the
same racemes as the male, fewer, 5-merous their pedicels, just
after anthesis, very much thickened, 4 to 5 mm long, 1.5 to 2
mm thick. Sepals unequal, 2 oblong-ovate, 3 mm long, 3 oblong-
lanceolate, 4.5 mm long, slightly appressed-pubescent. Ovary
sparingly pubescent, 3-celled; styles cleft to the base, the arms
1.8 mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 186, June 19, 1913, in forests.
A very characteristic species, in vegetative characters somewhat resem-
bling small-leaved forms of Dimorphocalyx longipes Merr. The structure
of its male flowers is that of typical Trigonostemon, however. By the key
given by Pax in his recent monograph of this group, it falls next to Trigo-
nostemon villosus Hook, f., of the Malay Peninsulata, to which it is not at
all closely allied.
GLOCHIDION Forster
GLOCHiDION GLAUCESCENS sp. nov. (§ Hemiglochidion.)
Arbor circiter 5 m alta; foliis coriaceis, ovatis ad oblongo-
ovatis, usque ad 27 cm longis, 13 cm latis, apice acutis vel obtusis,
basi late rotundatis cordatisque, brevissime petiolatis, in siccitate
pallidis, subtus glaucescens, utrinque, praesertim subtus, plus
minusve hirsutis; floribus axillaribus, fasciculatis, pedicellatis,
segmentis 6, ovario hirsute, columna stylari cylindrica, continua,
hirsuta, ovario subaequilonga, leviter angustiore; capsulis sub-
globosis, circiter 1.4 cm diametro, 8-locellato.
A small tree, about 5 m high. Branches terete, the ultimate
branchlets elongated, somewhat compressed or angular when dry,
rather densely pubescent. Leaves ovate to oblong-ovate, coria-
ceous, 20 to 27 cm long, 10 to 13 cm wide, the apex acute or
382 The Philippine Journal of Science i»is
somewhat obtusej the base broadly rounded and distinctly cordate,
the upper surface pale when dry, with numerous, short, scat-
tered, more or less papillate hairs, the lower surface glaucescent,
much paler than the upper, rather uniform.ly and softly hirsute
with spreading, yellowish-brown hairs on the midrib, nerves, and
reticulations ; lateral nerves 10 to 12 on each side of the midrib,
very prominent on the lower surface, the reticulations lax, promi-
nent, subparallel; petioles densely pubescent, stout, 5 mm long
or less; stipules linear-lanceolate, acuminate, hirsute, up to 1
cm long. Flowers white, fascicled, few in each fascicle, the
staminate and pistillate ones intermixed. Staminate flowers:
Pedicels hirsute, 4 to 6 mm long. Perianth campanulate, 5 mm
in diameter, the segments 6, oblong-elliptic, about 3 mm long,
1.4 mm wide, somewhat hirsute, subequal, acute or somewhat
obtuse, equally narrowed at both ends. Anthers 3, 1 to 1.2
mm long, united, the whole elliptic-oblong. Pistillate flowers:
Perianth similar to that of the staminate ones but somewhat
shorter, about 2 mm long, more densely hirsute. Ovary broadly
ovoid, about 1.2 m.m in diameter, hirsute, slightly narrowed at
the apex but not contracted, passing into the columnar, densely
hirsute, truncate style which is about as long as the ovary, the
ovary and style about 2.5 mm long. Capsule subglobose, about
1.4 cm in diameter, sparingly pubescent, about 8-locellate, the
pericarp thin, somev/hat pink or purplish when dry.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 188, June 19, 1913, in forests.
A very striking species on account of its unusually large leaves which
are pale when dry and prominently glaucescent on the lov/er surface. Its
alliance is with Glochidion album (Blanco) Boerl., from which it differs in
leaf size, pubescence, color, and in some floral and fruit characters.
AQUIFOLIACEAE
SLE.X Linnaeus
(LEX WSMZELII sp. nov. (§ Thyrsoprinus, Indico-Malaicae.)
Frutex epiphyticus, glaber, circiter 2 m altus; foliis crasse
coriaceis, integris, ovatis, usque ad 7 cm longis, apice prominente
obtuse acuminatis, basi subrotundatis vel leviter decurrento-
acuminatis, in siccitate utrinque nitidis, subtus minutissime dense
puncticulatis, nervis primariis utrinque circiter 7, distinctis;
inflorescentiis 9 axillaribiis, solitariis, brevissime racemosis vel
subfasciculatis, paucifloris, rhachibus circiter 3 mm longis; flor-
ibus 4- vel 5-meris, ovario isomero; fructibus globosis, 3.5 ad 4
mm diametro.
VIII, C, 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
383
An epiphytic glabrous shrub about 2 m high. Branches light-
gray or in part reddish-brown when dry, more or less rugose,
rather stout, the branchelets slender, reddish-brown. Leaves
ovate, entire, thickly coriaceous, 5 to 7 cm long, 3 to 4 cm wide,
brownish-olivaceous when dry, of about the same color and
strongly shining on both surfaces, smooth, the lower surface
densely and minutely puncticulate, the apex prominently acum-
inate, the acumen up to 1 cm in length, rather broad, blunt, the
base broadly rounded or abruptly contracted and slightly decur-
rent-acuminate; lateral nerves about 7, slender, distinct on the
lower surface, anastomosing, irregular, some of the secondary
ones nearly as prominent, the reticulations rather lax; petioles
1 to 1.5 cm long. Staminate inflorescences axillary, solitary,
densely 4- to 10-flowered, racemose, the rachis about 3 mm long,
or subfasciculate, the flowers 4- or 5-merous; pedicels (in fruit)
about 2 mm long, the bracteoles subreniform, rounded, 0.5 mm
long, 0.7 mm wide. Persistent calyx-lobes orbicular-reniform,
margins slightly ciliate, rounded, about 1.5 mm in diameter.
Fruit globose, 3.5 to 4 mm in diameter, with 4 or 5 pyrenes.
Leyte, Dagami, C. W. Wenzel 99, June 5, 1913, epiphytic on large trees
in forests, altitude about 60 meters.
A species sufficiently well characterized by its very short, densely flow-
ered, pistillate racemes, the rachis but 3 mm long, or the inflorescence
so reduced at times as to appear fasciculate.
ELAEOCARPACEAE
ELAEOCARPUS Burmann
ELAEOCARPUS LEYTENSIS sp. nov. (§ Monocera.)
Species E. multi floro valde affinis, differt foliis paullo majori-
bus, usque ad 18 cm longis, 8 cm latis, inflorescentiis floribusque
minus pubescentibus, petalis bis latioribus, valde ventricosis.
A tree about 20 m high, the trunk 30 cm in diameter, glabrous
except the inflorescence. Branches light-brown, terete, somewhat
lenticellate. Leaves oblong to oblong-elliptic, subcoriaceous, 15
to 19 cm long, 6 to 8 cm wide, the base obtuse or somewhat
rounded, the apex rather broadly acuminate, the margins dis-
tantly serrate-glandular, green on both surfaces and shining
when dry; lateral nerves about 10 on each side of the midrib,
anastomosing, slender but prominent on the lower surface, the
reticulations rather lax; petioles glabrous, 4 to 5 cm long.
Racemes axillary, solitary, 12 to 14 cm long, slightly appressed-
pubescent, in age nearly glabrous, each about 10-flowered, the
pedicels slender, 1 to 2 cm long. Flowers white, 5-merous.
120864 7
384
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Sepals oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, about 8 mm long, 3 mm
wide, very slightly pubescent externally, the margins densely
puberulent, glabrous inside. Petals as long as the sepals, about 4
mm wide, scarcely narrowed below, strongly ventricose, exter-
nally very slightly pubescent, inside very densely villous, the
apical 1.5 mm irregularly divided into 3 to 5 unequal teeth or
short lobes. Stamens about 18; filaments 1.5 to 2 mm long,
glabrous or nearly so ; anthers linear-oblong, 4 mm long including
the slender, 1 mm long, apical spur on one cell. Torus glands 8,
pubescent. Ovary ovoid, glabrous, 4-celled; style glabrous, 6
mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 212, June 29, 1913, in forests.
A species manifestly very closely allied to Elaeocarpus multifiorus
(Turcz.) F.-Vill., but differing in so many small characters that it has
been considered best to describe it as new. The most prominent distin-
guishing characters are its less pubescent and broader petals and sepals.
STERCULIACEAE
STERCULIA Linnaeus
STERCULIA DIVARiCATA sp. nov. (§ Eusterculia.)
Frutex circiter 3 m altus, omnibus partibus plus minusve
rubiginoso-stellato-villosus ; foliis oblongis ad anguste oblong-
obovatis, simplicibus, usque ad 15 cm longis, acuminatis, integris,
basi leviter angustatis, anguste rotundato-cordatulis ; stipulis
numerosis, lineari-lanceolatis, persistentibus, 1 ad 1.5 cm longis;
inflorescentiis circiter 20 cm longis, paucifloris, divaricato-ramo-
sis; floribus 1 cm longis, lobis liberis; floribus ^ 1.6 cm longis,
lobis leviter cohaerentibus.
A shrub about 3 m high, all or most parts more or less stellate-
villous with reddish-brown hairs. Branches terete, grayish-
brown slender, glabrous, the ultimate ones about 3 mm in
diameter, the branchlets more or less stellate-villous, the inter-
nodes elongated, the leaves more or less crowded in distant false
verticils. Leaves firmly chartaceous, oblong to narrowly oblong-
obovate, 10 to 15 cm long, 3.5 to 6 cm wide, entire, simple, the
apex prominently and sharply acuminate, the base gradually
narrowed and rather abruptly rounded, slightly cordate, the upper
surface shining, rather pale when dry, ultimately quite glabrous
except for the somewhat stellate-pubescent midrib, the lower sur-
face distinctly stellate-pubescent with scattered, reddish-brown
or ferruginous hairs on the midrib, nerves, and reticulations;
lateral nerves about 13 on each side of the midrib, prominent, the
reticulations very distinct ; petioles densely stellate-villous, 1 to 1.5
VIII, C, 5
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
385
cm long; stipules linear-lanceolate, sparingly stellate, acuminate,
1 to 1.5 cm long, numerous, crowded in the upper parts of the
pseudo-verticils. Inflorescences in the upper axils, about 20 cm
long, stellate-pubescent with reddish-brown or dark-brown hairs,
with few, scattered, spreading branches 5 to 6 cm long. Flowers
few, yellowish, staminate and perfect ones in the same panicle.
Staminate flowers: Calyx brown when dry, stellate-pubescent,
about 10 mm long, the lobes oblong, obtuse or subacute, 3 mm
wide, 6 mm long, quite free, not at all cohering by their tips.
Stamens 10, on a short stalk, the anthers 0.6 mm long, a rudimen-
tary ovary sometimes present. Perfect flowers: Calyx stellate-
pubescent, 16 cm long, the tube 8 mm long, villous within, the
lobes oblong-lanceolate, cohering by their inarched tips. Ovary
on a glabrous 1 mm long stalk, subglobose or ovoid, 2 mm in
diameter, usually 3-celled, densely hirsute; style hirsute, about
1 mm long; ovules numerous; stigma broadly 3-lobed, 1.5 mm
in diameter.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 93, March 15, 1913, in forests.
A manifest ally of Sterculia cuneata R. Br., S. stipularis R. Br., etc.,
but well characterized by its divaricately branched, few-flowered inflores-
cence.
MELASTOMATACEAE
MEDINILLA Gaudichaud
MEDINILLA ALBIFLORA sp. nov. (§ Eumedinilla.)
Frutex epiphyticus, glaber, 2 m altus ; ramis crassis, teretibus,
ramulis obscure crasseque 4-alatis vel tantum sulcatis; foliis
oppositis, coriaceis, sessilibus, 25 ad 30 cm longis, ovato-ellipticis,
basi angustatis, prominente 5-plinerviis ; inflorescentiis termi-
nalibus, paniculatis, paniculis brevibus, paucifloris, ebracteatis;
floribus 5-meris, albis, petalis circiter 18 mm longis.
An epiphytic shrub about 2 m high, quite glabrous except for
the obscurely setose nodes. Branches stout, terete, brown, about
1 cm in diameter, the growing branchlets nearly as thick, very
obscurely and thickly 4-winged or merely sulcate. Leaves op-
posite, sessile, coriaceous, ovate-elliptic, 25 to 30 cm long, 15 to
17 cm wide, rather dull when dry, the lower surface slightly
paler than the upper, the apex shortly acuminate, prominently
narrowed below, the very base about 3 cm wide, 5-plinerved,
the nerves prominent, the interior pair reaching the apex, the
exterior pair evanescent at the middle or upper two-thirds,
the transverse nervules nearly obsolete on the lower surface,
slender but distinct on the upper. Panicles terminal, few-
flowered, peduncled, about 12 cm long, without bracts or brae-
386 The Philippine Journal of Science lois
teoles. Flowers white, 5-merous, rather large. Calyx somewhat
funnel-shaped or distinctly urceolate, truncate, about 6 mm long.
Petals obliquely obovate, 18 mm long. Stamens 10, 5 somewhat
longer than the others, the longer ones with filaments 11 mm long
and anthers 12 nim long, the shorter with filaments about 10
mm long and anthers 9 to 10 mm in length ; anthers lanceolate,
acuminate, somewhat curved, the longer ones with a very minute
dorsal spur, the shorter ones with dorsal spurs nearly 1 mm
long. Ovary 5-celled.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 262, epiphytic in forests, June, 1913.
A species manifestly allied to Medinilla teysmanni Miq., from which it
differs in its fewer nerved leaves, 5-plinerved, not 9- to 11-plinerved, and
its larger flowers. From M. magnifica Lindl. it is at once distinguished
by its fewer nerved leaves, very much larger flowers, and entire absence
of bracts.
MYRSINACEAE
ARDISIA Swartz
ARDISIA LEYTENSIS sp. nov. (§ Acrardisia.)
Frutex circiter 2 m altus; foliis subtus glanduloso-punctatis,
junioribus infiorescentiisque obscure adpresse lepidotis; foliis
oblongo-lanceolatis, usque ad 17 cm longis, acuminatis, basi acutis,
nervis utrinque 18 ad 20; paniculis terminalibus, multifloris,
circiter 10 cm longis latisque, fioribus at apices ramulorum
subumbellatim dispositis, sepalis margine ciliatis, acutis, petalis
valde punctatis.
A shrub 2 m high or less, except for the scattered, minute,
appressed, brown, lepidote scales on the younger branchlets,
lower surfaces of younger leaves, and the infiorescence, glabrous.
Branches slender, terete or somewhat compresed, brownish-gray,
2 to 3 mm in diameter, more or less flexuous. Leaves oblong-
lanceolate, membranaceous or chartaceous, 11 to 17 cm long, 2.5
to 3.5 cm wide, brownish or pale when dry, slightly shining, the
apex acute or acuminate, the base acute, prominently pustulate-
punctate on the lower surface; lateral nerves 18 to 20 on each
side of the midrib, slender, prominent on the lower surface;
petioles 5 to 10 mm long. Panicles terminal, slightly brown-
lepidote, about 10 cm long and wide, pyramidal, the primary
branches few, spreading, the flowers subumbellately arranged at
the tips of the secondary or very short tertiary branchlets, 5
to 10 in each umbel. Flowers pink, their pedicels slender, 5 to
6 mm long. Calyx 3 mm in diameter, the lobes spreading, oblong-
ovate, acute, 1 mm long, prominently glandular-punctate with
dark-colored glands, the margins ciliate-pubescent. Petals oblong.
VIII, C. 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianm
387
acute, 3.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, prominently punctate with black
and reddish-brown, round and oblong glands. Filaments about
2 mm long, anthers oblong-ovate, very acute, prominently glan-
dular on the back, 2 mm long. Ovary ovoid, glabrous about 1
mm in diameter; ovules 8; style not exserted in bud, in flower
4 mm long. Fruits ovoid, 5 mm long, when dry dark-brown and
prominently verruculose-glandular.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel (type), June 5, 1913; Bur. Sci. 15193
Ramos, August, 1912, in forests, foothills, altitude about 60 meters.
A very characteristic species manifestly allied to both the Philippine
Ardisia scabrida Mez, an to the Malayan A. javanica A. DC., distinguished
readily from both by its differently shaped, much longer, more numerously
nerved leaves.
APOCYNACEAE
WILLOUGHBYA Roxburgh
WILLOUGHBYA PAUCIFLORA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens, 5 m altus, inflorescentiis parce puberulis
exceptis glaber; foliis oblongis vel oblongo-ovatis, chartaceis,
usque ad 15 cm longis, acuminatis, nervis utrinque circiter 12;
cymis axillaribus, puberulis, paucifloris, circiter 1 cm longis;
corolla urceolata, 6 mm long, intus leviter pubescens.
A woody vine reaching a height of 5 m, quite glabrous except
the inflorescence. Branches terete, pale-olivaceous or greenish,
the ultimate ones about 3 mm in diameter, sometimes a little
compressed at the nodes. Leaves opposite, oblong to oblong-
ovate or elliptic-oblong, chartaceus, 10 to 15 cm long, 5 to 7 cm
wide, rather pale when dry, of the same color and equally shining
on both surfaces, the apex prominently acuminate, the acumen
rather abrupt, obtuse, 1 cm long or less, the base rather broadly
rounded to somewhat acute; lateral nerves about 12 on each
side of the midrib, spreading, slightly ascending, obscurely anas-
tomosing, the reticulations slender, lax ; petioles about 5 mm long.
Cymes axillary, solitary, few-flowered, about 1 cm long, the
bracts ovate-oblong, 1.5 mm long, acute or obtuse, the bracteoles
similar but somewhat smaller, the pedicels 1.5 to 2 mm long.
Flowers white. Calyx about 2 mm in diameter, the lobes broadly
ovate, minutely and sparingly puberulent, the margins minutely
ciliate, about 1.5 mm long, rounded. Corolla-tube about 5 mm
long, slightly enlarged in the middle, a little contracted at the
apex, glabrous outside, slightly pubescent within, the mouth
nearly closed, and with two, thick, narrowly oblong, about 1
mm long appendages alternating with each segment, the corolla-
lobes overlapping to the left, falcately twisted to the right.
388
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
irregular, in general oblong and about 4 mm long, somewhat
irregularly lacerate-toothed near the apex. Anthers 5, inserted
in the middle of the tube, included, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate,
base rounded, about 1 mm long. Ovary 1-celled, narrowly ovoid,
glabrous, 1 mm long, tapering into the 1 mm long style; ovules
numerous ; stigma somewhat lanceolate, about 1 mm long, slightly
cleft at the apex. Fruit unknown.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 100, June 5, 1913, climbing on trees on
forested foothills, altitude about 60 meters, the stem less than 1 cm in
diameter.
In some respects the floral characters are intermediate between Wil-
loughby a and Chilocarpus; they approach the former, however, more
closely that the latter, and in the absence of fruit the specimen has been
described as Willoughbya. The second species of the genus for the Phil-
ippines.
VERBENACEAE
PREMNA Linnaeus
PREMNA MEM BRAN I FOLIA sp. nov.
Frutex scandens, partibus junioribus inflorescentiis exceptis
glaber; foliis membranaceis, oblongis, integris, usque ad 10 cm
longis, viridibus, nitidis, acute acuminatis, basi rotundatis vel
subrotundatis, nervis utrinque circiter 6, adscendentibus ; inflor-
escentiis terminalibus, corymbosis, multifloris, pubescens, circiter
6 cm diametro; calycibus pubescens, bilabiatis, 5-dentatis.
A scandent shrub about 5 m high, the stem 1 cm in diameter,
glabrous except the pubescent younger parts and inflorescence.
Branchlets terete, brownish, sparingly lenticellate, about 2 mm
in diameter. Leaves very thinly membranaceous, oblong, entire,
8 to 10 cm long, 4 to 5 cm wide, when dry green and shining on
both surfaces, the apex acutely acuminate, the base rounded or
subrounded, the very young ones slightly pubescent on the midrib
and nerves, soon becoming glabrous; lateral nerves about 6 on
each side of the midrib, slender, distinct, curved-ascending;
petioles slender, 2.5 to 4 cm long. Inflorescence terminal, corym-
bose, rather densely subcinereous-pubescent with very short
hairs, about 6 cm long and wide, many-flowered. Flowers white,
the pedicels 1 to 3 mm long. Calyx pubescent, somewhat ovoid or
long cup-shaped, distinctly 2-lipped, one lip 2-toothed, the other
3-toothed, the teeth of the former considerably smaller than those
of the latter. Corolla, including the lobes, about 6 mm long,
glabrous outside, the tube villous within, 2-lipped, one lip with
two lobes about 2 mm long and wide, slightly retuse, the other
distinctly longer and much broader, with a central, suborbicular.
VIII, C, 6
Merrill: Plantae Wenzelianae
389
lobe 2 mm in diameter and two lateral lobes about 1.5 mm long
and distinctly narrower than the middle lobe. Style 6 mm long.
Leyte, Jaro, C. A. Wenzel IH, June 8, 1913, climbing on trees in forests.
In general appearance more like Premna subscandens Merr. than any
other Philippine species, but quite different in many characters, such as
its thinner leaves which are ultimately quite glabrous, rounded and not
cordate at the base, oblong, etc., its more lax inflorescence, and much less
dense pubescence.
GESNERIACEAE.
CYRTANDRA Forster
CYRTANDRA FUSCONERVIA sp. nov. (§ Decurrentes.)
Planta erecta, non ramosa, 0.5 m alta, subtus foliis ad nervos
ramulis inflorescentiisque prominente fusco-pilosis ; foliis usque
ad 23 cm longis, in paribus aequalibus, oblongo-obovatis, brevi-
ter acuminatis, basi longe angustatis, sessilibus, in siccitate supra
olivaceis vel brunneo-olivaceis, subtus pallidis, nervis reticulisque
brunneis; inflorescentiis breviter pedunculatis, paucifloris, 2-
bracteatis, bracteis ovato-lanceolatis, navicularibus, acuminatis,
2.5 cm longis ; floribus anguste campanulatis, 4.5 cm longis.
An erect, apparently unbranched plant about 0.5 m high, more
or less pilose with long, appressed, dark-brown hairs. Younger
parts of the stem, the lower surfaces of the leaves on the midrib,
nerves, and reticulations, and the inflorescences dark-brown pu-
bescent, the upper part of the stem about 5 mm in diameter.
Leaves opposite, sessile, in equal pairs, oblong-obovate, firmly
chartaceous to subcoriaceous, 15 to 20 cm long, 7 to 9 cm wide,
the apex shortly and abruptly apiculate, the base long narrowed
and subspatulate, the basal 3 to 5 cm rarely over 1 cm wide, the
margins subregularly and rather prominently toothed except in
the basal part, the upper surface with few scattered hairs, in
age glabrescent, when dry olivaceous or brownish-olivaceous,
dull, the lower surface pale, in strong contrast to the dark-brown
midrib, prominent nerves, and lax reticulations, the midrib,
nerves and reticulations brown-pilose, the surface otherwise
nearly glabrous or with only scattered hairs. Inflorescence ax-
illary, solitary, short-peduncled, all parts more or less appressed-
pilose, the peduncles 5 mm long or less, densely brown-pubescent,
bearing at the apex two, large, boat-shaped, ovate-lanceolate,
long-acuminate, 2.5 cm long, densely brown-pubescent bracts.
Flowers white, few, usually 3 to 5 in each inflorescence, subses-
sile or shortly pedicelled. Calyx about 2 cm long, with long,
appressed, rather scattered, brown hairs externally, the lobes
lanceolate-ovate, acuminate. Corolla narrowly campanulate,
390 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
about 4.5 cm long, prominently appressed-pilose, the hairs rather
pale.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel, 88, March 31, 1913, in forested foothills,
altitude about 60 mm.
A species in the same group with Cyrtandra chiritioides Kranzl., C. glau-
cescens Kranzl., C. kmnilis Elm., and C. attenuata Elm., differing from
all in its much broader leaves and in its larger flowers.
RUBIACEAE.
HYDNOPHYTUiVI Jack
HYDNOPHYTUM LEYTENISE sp. nov.
Frutex epiphyticus, glaber, circiter 0.8 m altus ; ramis in sic-
citate rubro-brunneis, rugosis, 2 ad 5 mm diametro ; foliis nitidis,
coriaceis, oblongis ad anguste oblongo-ellipticis, obtusis, basi
acutis, 4 ad 10 cm longis, in siccitate pallide olivaceis vel pallide
viridibus, vix brunneis, nervis utrinque circiter 8, obscuris ; flori-
bus axillaribus, fasciculatis, 4 mm longis ; pyrenis solitariis, oblon-
go-ellipsoideis, acutis, 3.5 mm longis.
An epiphytic shrub about 80 cm high, quite glabrous.
Branches dark reddish-brown, much wrinkled when dry, 2 to
5 mm in diameter, somewhat shining, the internodes 2 to 5
cm long, those of the branchlets 1 to 2 cm in length. Leaves
coriaceous, oblong to narrowly oblong-elliptic, 4 to 10 cm long,
1 to 3 cm wide, obtuse, base acute, margins distinctly recurved,
when dry of about the same color and shining on both sur-
faces, pale-greenish or pale-olivaceous, scarcely brownish, the
midrib prominent; lateral nerves about 9 on each side of the
midrib, slender, ascending, indistinct, the reticulations obsolete;
petioles stout, 1 to 2 mm long. Flowers axillary, fascicled, white,
sessile, 2 or 3 to 10 or more in a fascicle, but one or two opening
at one time, 4 mm long. Calyx 2 to 2.3 mm long, somewhat
funnel-shaped or cup-shaped, the limb much produced, truncate.
Corolla 3 mm long, cleft one-half to the base into 4, oblong, obtuse,
1.5 mm long lobes which are thickened at the apex inside, the
throat villous. Anthers subsessile, 0.8 mm long. Fruit red,
fleshy, narrowly ovoid, 5 mm long, the calyx-limb deciduous, each
normally with but a single pyrene which is oblong-ellipsoid,
acute, 3.5 mm long.
Leyte, Ormoc-Binahaan, C. A. Wenzel 45, April 28, 1913, usually
growing on large vines in forested foothills, altitude about 200 meters.
A species manifestly allied to Hydnophytum formicarium Jack, but dif-
fering in its somewhat more numerously nerved, relatively narrower leaves
which do not turn brown in drying, and in its much smaller flowers; the
flowers of Hydnophytum formicarium are described as one-fourth of an inch
in length.
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
VoL. VIII, No. 5, November, 1913
ASCOMYCETES PHILIPPINENSES, III
By H. Rehm
(^Munich, Germany)
PERISPORIACEAE
MELiOLA Fries
MELIOLA SAN DORIC! Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium plagulas epiphyllas, velutinas, orbiculares, nigritulas,
dispersas, 2-4 mm latas formans. Hyphae centrifugae, ramosae,
fuscae, -8 /x lat., hyphopodiis capitatis alternantibus, oblongo-
clavatis, crebris, 2-cellularibus, 12 x 6-8 y, hyphopodiis mucronatis
15 X 7-8 fji obsessae. Setae nullae. Perithecia in centre mycelii
sparsa, globulosa, astoma, -150 /x, atra. Asci 2-spori 30 x 20 y..
Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotundatae, 4-septatae, flavo-fuscae,
subconstrictae, 30 x 10-12 y..
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 7^3, Jan., 1913. Ad folia San-
dorici indici.
Weicht von Meliola Usteriana Rehm Ascom. exs. 1875 durch gestreckte
Hyphen und eingeschniirte Sporen ab.
MELIOLA SI DAE Rehm sp. nov.'
Mycelium plagulas arachnoideas, orbiculares, tenuissimas,
nigrescentes, discretas, 1-3 mm latas, raro confluentes, epiphyllas,
in hypophyllo interdum crustaceas formans. Hyphae centrifu-
gae, subramosae, fuscae, 6-7 y. crassae, hyphopodiis capitatis
plerumque alternantibus, 2-cellularibus, apice ovoideis, interdum
truncatis vel sublobulatis, 12-15 x 10-12 y, hyphopodiis mucro-
natis plurimis oppositis 15 x 6-9 y obsessae. Perithecia dispersa,
globulosa, astoma, atra, verruculosa, 120 y lata, ad basim setis
singulis erectis, apice acutatis, septatis, obscure fuscis, -200 x 7-8
y, aliis erectis apice obtusis et dilutioribus, septatis, 60-100x7-8
y instructa. Asci elliptici, 30 x 15 y, 4-spori. Sporae oblongae,
* This species was previously reported, supra, page 181, as Meliola mi-
crospora Pat. et Gaill, from the same specimens.
391
392
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
utrinque rotundatae, 4-septatae, ad septa subconstrictae, flavo-
fuscae, 25-27 x 9-10 /i.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 117, Oct., 1912. Ad folia Sidae
javensis.
Durch die 2 verschieden geformten und gefarbten Setae von M. micro-
spora Pat. et Gaill. verschieden.
MELiOLA INSIGNIS Gaill. in Bull. Soc. Myc. Fr. 44: t. 6, f. 1.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 905a, Apr., 1913. Ad folia
Malloti philippensis.
Stimmt mit den aufrecht stehenden Hyphen-Biischeln und den characte-
ristischen Conidien genau zur Beschreibung, leider fehlen Perithecien. No.
905b auf den gleichen Blattern zeigt ebenfalls Conidien, denen der Meliola
penicilliformis Gaill 1. c. 51 entsprechend.
MELIOLA MAESAE Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium hypophyllum, plagas velutinas, orbiculares, atras,
0.5-2 cm lat, late arachnoidee marginatas formans. Hyphae
rayceliales ramosae, subcurvatae, fuscae, 7-9 p lat., hyphopodiis
capitatis 2-cellularibus, ovoideo-elongatis, rectis vel subcurvatis,
15 X 7-8 p, alternantibus vel oppositis, hyphopodiis mucronatis
oppositis raris 15 x 6 obsessa. Setae myceliales ad basim cur-
vatae, erectae, apice acutatae, obscure fuscae, circ. 250 x 8-9 p.
Perithecia globulosa, astoma, baud verrucosa, in centro mycelii
dispersa, circ. 150 p. Asci ovoidei, bispori, 30 x 20 p. Sporae
oblongae, utrinque obtusae, 5-cellulares, baud constrictae, flavo-
fuscae, 20 x 9-10 p.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 699, 718, Jan., 1913. Ad folia
et ramos vivos Maesae laxae.
Steht der Meliola Telosmae Rehm nahe, unterscheidet sich aber durch
wellige Hyphen und ganz verschiedene Hyphopodien.
MELIOLA SAKAWENSIS P. Henn in Hedwigia (1904) 141. Cfr. Sacc.
Syll. 17: 548.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 7^1, Jan., 1913. Ad folia Cle-
rodendron intermedium.
MELIOLA TELOSMAE Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium plerumque epiphyllum, plagas velutinas, atras, orbi-
culares, 0,5-2 mm latis, demum plus minusve late confluentes
formans. Hyphae rectae, sparse acutanguliter ramosae, fuscae,
5-7 p cr., hyphopodiis capitatis plurimis, elongato-ovoideis, 2-
cellularibus, alternantibus vel oppositis, -18 x 5-6 p, hyphopodiis
mucronatis plerumque oppositis, -20 x 6-8 p obsessae. Setae
myceliales erectae, ad basim subcurvatae, apice acutatae, fusco-
nigrae, crebrae, -250 x 5-7 p. Perithecia in medio mycelii pauca
aggregata, globulosa, baud rugosa, astoma, atra, -150 p. Asci
VIII, C, 6
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, III
393
ovato, 2-4-spori, 40-45 x 25 /x. Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotun-
datae, 4-septatae, baud constrictae, olivaceo-fuscae, 25-30 x
10-12 /I.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 777, Jan., 1913. Ad folia
Telosmae procumbens.
Steht M. microspora Pat. et Gaill. nahe, verschieden aber durch scharf
zugespitzte, bis an die Spitze dunkelbraune Setae.
MELIOLA STENOSPORA Winter in Hedwigia (1886) 97. Cfr. Gaillard,
Meliola 86.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 770, Jan., 1913. Ad folia
Piperis.
Exemplaria ad folia Alstoniae scholariae, Baker 74i, nimis macra, veri-
similiter non hue pertinent. Itemque ad folia Ehretiae navesii, Baker 9U,
potius ad Meliolam cylindrophoram Rehm pertinentia.
MELIOLA HORRIDA Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium amphigenum, plagulas orbiculares, arete marginatas,
subcrustaceas, nigras, hirsutas, 4-5 mm latas, dispersas formans,
Hyphae acutangulariter ramosae, rectae, arete congregatae, -8
p. cr., hyphopodiis capita tis plurimis, oppositis, fere adjacentibus,
2-cellularibus, brevissime stipitatis, cellula globoso-ovoidea supe-
riore -14 xS p, hyphopodiis mucronatis rarissimis, alternantibus,
-18 p long, obsessa. Setae myceliales plurimae, erectae, subacu-
tatae, nigro-fuscae, -400 x, ad basim, 12 p cr, Perithecia
dispersa, globosa, non verruculosa, astoma, atra, 200 p. Asci
elliptici, 2-spori 50 x 30 p. Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotun-
datae, subconstrictae, 28 x 18 p, flavo-fuscae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 976, April, 1913. Ad folia
coriacea.
Durch die dicht gedrangten, langen, dunklen Setae und die Form und
Stellung der Hyphopodien ausgezeichnet, dadurch und durch kleinere Sporen
von Meliola praetervisa Gaill. sehr verschieden.
MICROTHYRIACEAE
MYIOCOPRON Spegazzini
MYIOCOPRON BAKERIANUM Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia scutato-dimidiata, orbicularia, convexula, distincte
minute papillulata poroque pertusa, nigra, 0.25-0.3 mm lat., sin-
gularia, mox in maculas nigritulas late effusas confluentia, paren-
chymatice fusee contexta, ad marginem hyphis paucis fuscidulis
radiantibus. Asci clavati, apice rotundati, sessiles, 50 x 10-12
p, 8-spori. Sporae ellipsoideae, rectae, 1-cellulares, non guttatae,
hyalinae, 12-15 x5 p, distichae, Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker iOa, Sept., 1912. Ad ramos
putrescentes Passiflorae quadrangularis.
394
The Philippine Journal of Scie7ice
1913
Bildet schwarzliche Uberziige, unterscheidet sich von den beschriebenen
Arten besonders durch keulige, nicht ovale Schlauche und elliptische
Sporen; von dem sehr nahe stehenden M. millepunctatum Penz. et Sacc.
Syll 14: 687 durch deutliche Papille.
MICROTHYRIUM Desmazieres
MICROTHYRIUM (plane inevolutum) .
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 721, Jan., 1913. In pagina
superiore foliorum Evonymi javanicae.
MICROPELTIS Montagne
MICROPELTIS CONSIMILiS Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in utraque foliorum pagina immutata dispersa,
sessilia, orbicularia, dimidiato-scutata, ■ poro pertusa, glabra,
atroviolacea, arete reticulate contexta, baud radiata, 0.2 mm
diam. Asci elongato-ovoidei, sessiles, -70 x 12 p, 8-spori. Sporae
clavatae, apice superiore obtuso, inferiore acutato, rectae,
transverse plerumque 3-, interdum 4-septatae, cellula suprema
plerumque majore, hyalinae, -25 x 5-6 /r, distichae. Paraphyses
nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. Baker 882,
March, 1913. Ad folia Derris.
Proximae videntur M. distincta Henn. et M. aequalis Sydow.
MICROPELTIS APPLANATA Montagne Syll. Gen. Cr. (1856) 249.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1025, April, 1913. Ad folia
Roureae ereetae.
Perithecia in hypophyllo sessilia.
Die Beschreibung v. Hohnels Ber. Kais. Ak. Wiss. Wien 119 b 407,
Fragm. Myc. 10: 15 stimmt sehr gut, nur sind die keuligen Sporen lang
5-zellig mit grosster oberer Zelle, die sich spater manchmal querteilt,
ebenso in einem Exemplar meiner Sammlung auf Blattern von Casearia
silvestris aus Argentinien, leg. Lorenz.
MICROPELTIS VAGABUNDA Speg. F. Guar. nonn. nov. 126 p. 44.
Var. CALAM INCOLA Rehm var. nov.
Perithecia in foliis baud maculatis dispersa, amphigena,
dimidiato-scutata, nigra, poro centrali pertusa, convexula, faci-
liter ab epidermio soluta, glabra, 0.3 mm diam., intricate viola-
cee contexta, integre marginata. Asci fusiformes, sessiles,
50-60 X 10-12 fi, 8-spori. Sporae fusiformes, utrinque acutatae,
rectae, 3-septatae, non constrictae, hyalinae, 15 x 3-3.5 p, 2-3-
stichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 906, April, 1913. Ad folia
? Calami.
Stimmt im Ganzen so gut zu M. vagabunda (Sacc. Syll. 11:382), dass
der Pilz dahin zu stellen ist.
VIII, c. 6 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philip pinenses, 111 395
CAPNODIACEAE
LIMACINULA Saccardo
LIMACINULA MALLOTI Rehm sp. nov.
Mycelium tabacino-fuscum totam superiorem foliorum pagi-
nam obducens, faciliter secedens, membranaceum cellulis fusci-
dulis, 10-14 fx Ig. 6-7 p, lat., arete seriatis contextum, glabrum;
in eaque perithecia aequaliter membranacea contexta perithecia,
plus minusve gregaria, globulosa, glabra, atra, poro minutissimo
aperta, 0.2 mm lat., sicca apice collabentia. Asci ovales, 50 x 20-
25 [x, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae, utrinque obtusae, transverse
3-5, longitudinaliter semel septatae, hyalinae, 20-24 x 10-12 fx,
distichae. Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 878, March, 1913. Ad folia
Malloti philippensis.
Stimmt zu Limacinula Sacc Syll. 1 7 : 558 und steht jedenfalls in nachtster
Verwandtschaft zu Limacinula javanica Zimmermann, Centralbl. Bakt. 8
(1902) 151 sub Capnodium, Sacc. 1. c., nur verschieden durch kleinere
Sporen.
NECTRIACEAE
LISE A Saccardo
LISEA SPATHOLOBI Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in maculis folii hypophyllis plus minusve orbiculari-
bus, 1-2.5 cm lat., dilute flavescentibus gregarie sessilia, globoso-
conoidea, baud papillulata, poro pertusa, fusca, 150 p, diam.,
excipulo crasso, parenchymatice contexto, cellulis faciliter dis-
solutis ; extus obscure fusco, interius coerulescente, versus basim
verrucoso cellulis conoideo prominentibus. Asci fusiformes,
30 X 8-10 fx, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae, utrinque obtusae, rectae
vel subcurvatae, 1-cellulares biguttatae, dein medio septatae, non
constrictae, utrinque 2-guttatae, hyalinae, 10-12 x 3-4 p, distichae.
Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker
776, Jan., 1913. Ad folia Spatholobi gyrocarpi.
Ein nachweisbares Mycel, auf dem die Perithecien sitzen, ist nicht vor-
handen. Durch die weiche Beschaffenheit des leicht zerfallenden dicken
Gehauses gehort der Pilz zu den Hypocreaceen und hier zu Lisea.
DOTHIDEACEAE
AUERSWALDIA Saccardo
AUERSWALDIA DECIPIENS Rehm sp. nov. (Phaeochora, v. Hohnel
Fragm. Myc. 9: 53).
Stromata peridermio innata, intus carbonacea, primitus dis-
persa, dein plus minusve confluentia, hemiglobose prominentia.
396
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
atra, nitentia, 1-2.5 mm diam., loculi peritheciales 2-4 innata,
globulosa, 0.5 mm diam., papillulis minimis conoideis prominen-
tibus. Asci cylindracei, 80-100 x 12 jx, 8-spori. Sporae ellipsoi-
dae, 1-cellulares, rectae, fuscae, 12-14 x 7-8 jx, oblique, l-stich'ae.
Paraphyses septatae, 3-4 /x crassae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 706, Jan., 1913. Ad petiolos
emortuos Arengae.
Von Auerswaldia Arengae (Rac.) Sacc. et Syd. durch das nur im Peri-
derm eingewachsene Stroma, wonach der Pilz zu Phaeochora von Hohnel
gehort und durch die Form der Sporen ganz verschieden.
PHYLLACHORA Nitschke
PHYLLACHORA LACUNAE Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata in maculis suborbicularibus, late extensis, flavide lu-
teolis, vix obscurius marginatis folio gregarie innata, atra, in
utraque pagina conspicua, in epiphyllo hemisphaerice prominen-
tia, orbicularia, rarius confluentia, 0.3-0.5 mm diam., loculos 1-4
minimos includentia. Loculi interdum subpapillulati, poro per-
tusi. Asci cylindraceo-clavati, sessiles, -60 x 8-10 g, 8-spori.
Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotundatae, rectae, 1-cellulares, in-
terdum biguttatae, hyalinae, 7 x4 g, 1-2-stichae. Paraphyses
filiformes, subgelatinosae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 959, April, 1913. Ad folia
Derris ellipticae.
Durch die winzigen, nur wenige Loculi enthaltenden Stromata und die
kleinen Sporen sehr auffallig.
PHYLLACHORA PARKIAE P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47: 255.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 758, Jan., 1913. Ad folia
Parkiae timorianae (P. roxburghii) .
PHYLLACHORA CYNODONTIS Niessl. Notiz. Pyren. 54. Phyllachora gra-
minis (Pers.) Fuckel, f. Cynodontis Dactyli Sacc. Syll. 2: 602.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 756, 821, Jan., 1913. Ad folia
Cynodontis Dactyli.
PHYLLACHORA CANARII P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47: 254; Sydow in
Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4: 1156.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, E. D. Merrill, comm. Baker 870, March,
1913. Ad folia Canarii villosi.
PHYLLACHORA ( EN DOPH YLLACHORA) PSEUDES Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata gregaria, folio plane innata, utrinque dilute flavidule
tecta, paginum superiorem folii protuberantia ibique papillulis
conoideis nigrescentibus prominentibus conspicua, atra, sub-
globosa, circ.- 1 mm. diam., loculos 3-5 includentia, demum
elapsa lacunulam in folii parenchymate relinquentia. Asci cla-
VIII, C, 6
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, III
397
vati, 60 X 15 (jl, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotundatae,
1-cellulares, baud guttatae, hyalinae, 10-12 x 6-9 /x distichae.
Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Baiios, Baker 91i, April, 1913. Ad folia Fid
notae.
Macht durch die vollig im Blatt-Parenchym entwickelten Stromata und
den einzeln hervortretenden Papillen den Eindruck von Phomatospora.
Allein es sind deutliche, inehrere Loculi enthaltende Stromata, die in der
Reife aus dem abgestorbenden Blatt herausfallen. Ahnlich scheint Phoma-
tospora elastica Zimmerm. (Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 17: 578), an Ficus elastica,
dock sind Schlauche und Sporen in Grosse wesentlich verschieden. Durch
die nur im Blattparenchym erfolgende Entwicklung der Stromata lasst
sich EN DOPHYLLACHORA Rehm n. gen. begriinden.
PHYLLACHORA LUZONENSIS P. Henn in Hedwigia 17: 255.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 979, April, 1913. Ad folia
Milletiae cavitensis,
PHYLLACHORA SPIN I PER A (Karst, et Har.) v. Hohnel. Phyllachora
Ficium Niesse. in Hedwigia (1881) 99, var. spinifera Karst, et
Har. Rev. Myc. (1890). Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 9: 1014.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 701, Jan., 1913. Ad Ficus sp.
Mein Original-Exemplar befindet sich auf Ficus Ridelii aus S. Afrika,
und unterscheidet sich von P. Ficium durch Stroma und Sporen vollstandig.
PHYLLACHORA PTEROCARPI Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata in maculis epiphyllis orbicularibus, flavidulis, 2-3
cm lat. innata, demum et in hypophyllo exarato brunneo promi-
nentia, atra, circulatim aggregata, angulosa, 0.5-2 mm lat.,
3-7 loculos includentia. Loculi peritheciales globulosi, 0.15-0.2
mm lat. Asci clavati, sessiles, 60 x 15-18 p,, 8-spori. Sporae
oblongae, utrinque rotundatae, 1-cellulares, baud guttatae, hya-
linae, 15-18 X 7-8 fji, strato mucoso tenui obductae, distichae.
Paraphyses filiformes.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker
780, Jan., 1913. Ad folia Pterocarpi.
Durch die Sporen von Dothidea Pterocarpi Syd. jedenfalls ganz ver-
schieden.
PHYLLACHORA ? CIRCINATA Sydow in Ann. Myc. 7: 38.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 933, April, 1913. Ad folia Fid
odorati.
Differ! mode sporis 2-guttatis, subminoribus.
PHYLLACHORA ELMERl Sydow in Leafl. Philip. Bot. 4: 1157.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 913, 1021t, April, 1913. Ad
folia Fid ulmifoliae.
Differ! a descriptione modo sporis biguttatis.
398
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
PHYLLACHORA VALSi FORM IS Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata in maculis dilutissime flavidulis hypophyllis in epi-
phyllo -\ix conspicius adnata, singularia, dein 3-10 gregaria,
orbicularia, atra, nonnulla demum in maculis atramentose nigris,
interdum circularibus confluentia, 1.5-2. 5 mm lata, in eorumque
centre convexo, demum dilute albidulo, late nigre marginato
papillulis loculorum 2-5 innatorum protuberantibus obsessa.
Asci clavati, -60 x 15 fi, 8-spori. Sporae oblongae, rectae, utrinque
obtusae, 1-cellulares, biguttatae, hyalinae, 12 x 6 n, distichae.
Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 958a, April, 1913. Ad folia
Fid crassitorae.
Valsaartig eng beisammen stehend und eng gedrangt mit kleinen Papillen
vortretend finden sich breit umrandet vom Stroma die Loculi. Nahe ver-
wandt ist Phyllachora drdnata mit epiphyllem, obige mit hypophyllem
Stroma.
DOTH I DELLA Spegazzani
DOTKiDELLA CANARll Rehm sp. nov.
Stromata in maculis flavidulis folio innata in utraque pagina
conspicua, dispersa, orbicularia, plana, atra, c. 3 cm lata, verrucu-
iosa loculis plurimis globulosis. Asci clavati, 80 x 10 8-spori.
Sporae fusiformes, utrinque acutatae, medio septatae, non cons-
trictae, hyalinae, 12-15 x 3-4 y, distichae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 779, Jan., 1913. In foliis Canarii
villosi.
Von Physalospora Cana,rii P. Henn in Hedwigda 17 : 254 durch 2-zellige
zugespitzte Sporen ganz verschieden.
SPHAERIAGEAE
ANTHOSTOMELLA Saecardo
ANTHOSTOMELLA MINDORENSIS Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia maculis corticis ellipsoidiis, -1 cm Ig. 3-4 mm lat.,
demum confluentibus, nigro-fuscis gregarie innata, conoidea,
minute papillulata, atra, glabra, subcoriacea, 0.2 mm lat. Asci
cylindracei, apice rotundati, 100 x 10 p, 8-spori. Porus intus
2 I-t-. Sporae oblongae, utrinque obtuse, fuscae, 1-cellulares,
baud guttatae, strato mucoso tenuis obductae, 12-15 x 7-9 p,
1-stichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, E. B. Copeland, comm. Baker 900
(etiam. 860 c. p. p.) April, 1913. Ad rhachidem emortuam Arengae
mindorensis.
Steht der Anthostomella confaminans Dur. et Mtg. sub Sphaeria Sacc.
Syll. 1 : 280 sehr nahe.
VIII, c, 5 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, III 399
ANTHOSTOMELLA DONACINA Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in maculis nitritulis, suborbicularibus, 1-2 cm lat.,
raro deficientibus gregarie innata, dein prorumpentia, primitus
areola nigra minima tecta, globosa, minutissime papillulato, poro
perspicuo pertusa, 0.3 mm lat., excipulo parenchymatice fusee
contexto. Asci cylindracei, 40-50 x 4-5 /x, 8-spori, I—. Sporae
oblongae, utrinque rotundatae, rectae, 1-cellulares, non guttatae,
fuscidule, 7-8 x 2-2.5 n, 1-stichae. Paraphyses non conspicuae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo comm. Baker 1016,
April, 1913. Ad emortuum Donacem cannaef ormem.
Gehort zur Gruppe der Monocotyledonen bewohnenden Anthostomella
phaeosticta (Berk.) Sacc. durch mehr weniger eingewachsene Perithecien
und kleine Sporen ausgezeichnet. Sehr nahe steht Anthostomella minor
Ell. et Ev. in Journ. Myc. (1887) 43 in petiolis Sabal.
APIOSPORA Saccardo
APIOSPORA CURVISPORA (Speg.) Rehm. Scirrhiella curvispora Speg.
Fungi Guar. I no. 258.
Var. ROTTBOELLIAE Rehm, var. nov.
Stromata 0.5-1 (interdum confluentia -2) cm longa. Perithe-
cia confluentia, monosticha, conspicue minute papillulata. Asci
subfusiformiter clavati, sessiles, c. 100 x -18 p, 8-spori. Sporae
oblongo-clavatae, apice superiore obtuso latiore, inferiore angus-
tato, 35-40 X 7-10 p, in parte tertia subcurvatae, ibique 3-5 p supra
basim transverse septatae, non constrictae, hyalinae, distichae.
Parapyses filiformes, 4-5 p lat., septatae, guttulataeque.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 917, April, 1913. Ad culmos
emortuos Rottboelliae exaltatae.
Differ! a Sc. curvispora modo papillodis exacte conspicius, spori non
guttulatis, ah Ap. luzonensis P. Henn. sporis majoribus, non constrictis
vix diversa. Simillima etiam videtur Ap. camptospora Penz. et Sacc. in
Malpighia 11 (1897) 398, modo “ascis cylindraceis crassetunicatis” diversa,
in foliis Sacchari officinarum, Java.
APIOSPORELLA
APIOSPORELLA CORYPHAE Rehm sp. nov.
In mycelio tenuissime et latissime effuso, cortici arete adhae-
rente, fuscidulo, parenchymatice dilute fuscidule contexto, alga-
rum cellulis carente perithecia in plagulis suborbicularibus nigri-
tulis gregarie plurima consociata, globulosa, 0.15 mm lat., apice
subhyalina, excipulo parenchymatice fusee contexto, tenuis-
simo. Asci ellipsoideo-clavati, sessiles, teneri, 35-40 x 10-12 p,
8-spori. Sporae clavatae, rectae, infra medium septatae, non
400
The Philippine Journal of Science
constrictae, hyalinae, celliila superiore 12-5 fi, inferiore 4-5
long., distichae. Paraphyses nullae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 769, Jan., 1913. Ad petiolos
emortuos Coryphae elatae.
Ob der wunderchon entwickelte, ausserst zart gebaute Pyrenomycet
seine richtige Stellung bier hat, lasse ich dahin gestellt.
HYPOXYLON Bullard
HYPOXYLON (SPHAEROXYLON) CORYPHAE Rehm sp. nov. •
Stromata singularia vel 6-8 gregaria, hemigloboso conoidea vel
placentiformiter convexa, lata basi sessilia, 1-2.5 mm diam., 1-8
mm alta, atra, primitus tenuissime rubre granulata, carbonacea,
intus fusco-rubra, fibroso compacta, extus papillulis minimis, vix
conspicuis. Perithecia monosticha, globulosa, 0.2 mm diam.
Asci clavati, longestipitati, p. spoi’f. 25 x 5-8 /x, 8-spori. Sporae
ellipsoideae, 1-cellulares, biguttatae, hyalinae, dein subfuscidulae,
5-8 X 3-3.5 IX, distichae. Paraphyses?
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 766, Jan., 1913. Ad petioles
emortuos Coi'yphae elatae.
Gehort zu den wenigen Sphaeroxylon Arten mit so kleinen, bier noch
nicht vollig reifen Sporen und unterscheidet sich von Hyp. moriforme E.
et Ev. durch nicht warziges Stroma, von Hyp. atrorufulum E. et Ev. durch
kaum angedeutete Ostiola, steht wohl am nachsten Hyp. porosum Mont.
NUMMULARIA Tulasne
NUMMULARIA ? SC U TATA Berk, et Cooke in Grevillea 12: 6. Cfr. Sacc.
Syll. 9: 572.
Stromata cortici innata, mox denudata, ab cortice lacerata
cincta, solitaria, demum confluentia, orbicularia, applanata, ciner-
eo-nigra, 1-2 cm diam., 0.3-0. 4 mm. cr., carbonacea, glabra.
Perithecia monostiche arete congregata, globulosa, 0.15-0.2 mm
lat., ostiolis in superficie stromatis minimis baud perspicuis.
Asci cylindracei, teneri, p. sporif. 45-5 p, 8-spori, I—. Sporae
oblongae vel ellipsoideae, rectae, 1-cellulares, non guttatae, fuscae,
5 X 2-2.5 p., 1-stichae. Paraphyses hand conspicuae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo comm. Baker 811, Feb.,
1913. Ad ramos emortuos Litseae glutinosae.
Stimmt sehr gut zu der allerdings 1. c. mangelhaften Beschreibung, die
deshalb erweitert wurde. Nachst verwandt erscheint Nummularia micro-
placa (B. et C.) Sacc. Syll. 1 : 298.
NUMMULARIA ANTHRACINA (Kze. et Schm.) Trav. Flor. It. Cr. 2: 57.
Sphaeria anthracina Kze. et Schm. Myc. Hefte 1 : 55.
Sphaeria nummularia DC. FI. Fr. 2: 290.
Nummularia Bulliardi Tul. Sel. Fung. Carp. 2: 43.
VIII, c. 6 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, III 401
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. Baker 726,
Jan., 1913. Ad ramulos Tamarindi indicae.
ROSELLINIA De Notaris
ROSELLINIA BAMBUSAE P. Henn. in Hedwigia 47: 250.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 890, April, 1913. Ad Bamhusam
emortuam.
Offenbar sind die Perithecien zuerst in die Rinde eingesenkt, brechen
hervor und sind nach deren Abfall, 1.5 mm breit, mit ihren anhangenden
Resten stark umhiillt.
ROSELLINIA ? AUCKLANDICA Rabenh. in Hedwigia (1878) 115.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, M. B. Raimundo comm. Baker
901, April, 1913. Ad ligna emortua in silva.
Stimmt sehr gut zur Beschreibung. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 1 : 256. Auch Rosel-
linia leprantha (Fr.) 1. c. p. 255 ist offenbar nachst stehend und gehbren
beide zur Verwandtschaft von Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) De Not.
METASPHAERIA Saccardo
METASPHAERIA MACULANS Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia in peridermio late hyphis plurimis fuscidulis, ramo-
sis 3 jx cr. intercellulariter repentibus fuscato gregaria globulosa,
parte inferiore innata, minutissime papillulata, nigra, 0.25
mm lata, glabra, membranacea contexta. Asci clavati, sessiles,
120 X 10 fx, 8-spori. Sporae fusiformes, utrinque acutatae, 3-
(?-5) septatae, medio constrictae, cellula superiore secunda
latiore, hyalinae, 30 x 9-10 ix, distichae. Paraphyses filiformes.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, S. A. Reyes comm. Baker 969, April,
1913. Ad petiolos Arengae.
Die Hyphenbildung im Parenchym steht in Zusammenhang mit der Ent-
wicklung der Perithecien.
MELANOMMA Nitschke & Fuckel
MELANOMMA MINDORENSE Rehm sp. nov.
Perithecia gregaria, sessilia, modo basi innata, conoidea, vix
papillulata, glabra, nigra, subcarbonacea, 0. 5-0.8 mm lat. Asci
clavati, apice rotundati, c. 150 x 18 g, 8-spori. Sporae ellipso-
ideae, 3-septatae, cellula 3 latiore, quaque cellula 1 guttata, ad
septa subconstrictae, primitus hyalinae, demum fusco-luteae, in-
terdum cellulis apicalibus dilutioribus, 30-33 x 10 g, distichae.
Paraphyses filiformes, septatae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker 860,
March, 1913. Ad Arengam mindorensem emortuam.
Die ausgestossenen Sporen sind immer dunkelbraun, sie gleichen denen
von Melanomma dubiosum Sacc. Syll. 1 : 303, Cf. Berlese Ic. Fung. 1 : 34
tab. 23, f. 1. ferner denen von Melanomma Victoris Speg. Cfr. Sacc. Syll.
16: 53.
402 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
CORYNELIACEAE
CORYNELIA Acharius
CORYNELIA CLAVATA (L.) Sacc. in Pirotta Oss. fungh. N. G. B. 1
(1889) 313.
Mucor clavatus L. Spec. Plant. Suppl. p. 453.
Corynelia uberata Fr. Obs. Myc. 2: 343.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Banajao, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker 851
(immatura), F. C. Gates comm. Baker 910 Feb., 1913. Ad folia Podocarpi
costati.
Cfr. Starback Ark. for Bot. 7: 20; C. clavata, der alten Welt angehorig,
wird in Sacc. Syll. 1 6 : 650 unrichtig mit 2 in Siidamerika auf Podocarpus
wachsenden, durch die Form der Perithecien wesentlich verschiedenen Arten
vereinigt, was auch reichliche Exemplare meines Herbariums beweisen.
VALSACEAE
EUTYPA Tulasne
EUTYPA FLAVOVIRENS (Hoffm.) Tul. Sel. Fung. Carp. 2: 57.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker 89^a,
April, 1913. Ad lignum emortuum in silva.
EUTYPA LUDIBUNDA Sacc. in Michelia 1: 15, 150. Cfr. Berlese Ic.
Fung. 3 : 50.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker 89^b,
April, 1913. Ad lignum emortuum in silva.
EUTYPA CORNICULATA (Ehrh.) Rehm.
Peroneutypa corniculata Berk Ic. Fung. 3: 80, t. 97.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Maquiling, M. B. Raimundo, comm. Baker
902, April, 1913. Ad ramos emortuos in silva.
Gehort zu Eutypa nach seiner ganzen Beschaffenheit, die cylindrischen
Ostiola sind stellenweise sehr schon entwickelt. Ob die Angaben Berleses
betr. Ehrh., Grev., Berk, et Br. richtig sind, wird sich kaum feststellen
lassen.
PERONEUTYPELLA Berlese
PERONEUTYPELLA COCOES Sydow in Ann. Myc. 9; 145.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 673. Ad tunicam nucis Cocos.
HYSTERIALES
HYPODERMATACEAE
LOPHODERMIUM Chevallier
LOPHODERMIUM PASSIFLORAE Rehm sp. nov.
Apothecia in cortice hand decolorato dispersa innata, caulis
longitudini parallela, linearia, recta, utrinque vix acutata, glabra,
nigra, 2-4 mm longa, 0.4 mm lata, media rima longitudinali
percursa, lobiis acutis vix distantibus. Asci cylindracei, apice
VIII, c. 6 Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, III 403
rotundati, 75-80 x 5-6 /x, 8-spori. Sporae filiformes, rectae, gut-
tulatae, hyalinae, 70 x 1 /x, parallele positae. Paraphyses filifor-
mes, hyalinae, ad apicem 2 /x crassae.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker UO (b), Dec., 1912. Ad caules
emortuos Passiflorae quadrangularis.
Steht dem Lophodermium javanicum Penz. et Sacc. zunachst und ist an
den Pilzbedeckten Stengeln schwer erkennbar.
HYSTERIACEAE
MORENOELLA Spegazzani
MORENOELLA BREVIUSCULA (Penz. et Sacc.) v. Hohnel Fragm. Myc.
9: 55.
Lembosia breviuscula Penzig et Sacc. in Malpighia 11 (1897) 527.
Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 14: 715 sub Lembosia diffusa Winter; Sydow Ann.
Myc. 2: 162.
Morenoella gedeana Racib. Paras. Pilze und Algen Javas 3 (1900)
28. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 6: 654.
Dimerosporium pangerangense P. Henn. et G. Nym. in Monsunia
1 (1899) 159. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 16: 410.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Banajao, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker 839.
Ad paginam inferiorem foliorum Rhododendri schadenbergii.
Von Hohnel in litt. gibt und bestatigt obige Benennung dieses schonen
Pyrenomyceten auf Grund eigener Untersuchung.
STICTIDACEAE
STICTIS Persoon
STICTIS STELLATA Wallr. FI. Crypt. Germ. 2: 144.
Schizoxylon stellatum Fuckel Symb. Myc. 251.
Var. PHILIPPINENSIS Rehm var. nov.
Sporae filiformes, c. 60 cellulares, cellulis 2-4 g longis, 2-3 /x
latis, demum ad septa subconstrictae. Paraphyses apice ramu-
losae. Epithecium hyalinum formates, Jodii ope coerulee tinc-
tum.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker 887,
April, 1913. Ad ramulos emortuos IDaemonoropsidis.
Optime congruit cum specie designata, inprimis var. pallidula Sacc. in
Michelia 2: 614, Fung. It. Sel. 1422, dilfert modo It.
PHACIDIACEAE
COCCOMYCES De Notaris
COCCOMYCES CAN ARM Rehm sp. nov.
In maculis foliorum plane exaridis, dilute luteolis, irregulariter
orbicularibus 0.3-2 cm diam. apothecia dispersa epiphylla innata.
404
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
orbicularia, convexula, nigre tecta, nitentia, 0.3-0.5 mm diam.,
primitus clausa, dein, epiphyllo tegente laciniato, denudata, patel-
laria, hyalina. Asci cylindracei, 100 x 4 /x, apice rotundati, 8-
spori I—. Sporae fiiiformes, tenuissimae, hyalinae, 0.05 fj, cr.,
parallelae. Paraphyses fiiiformes, rectae, hyalinae, 1 /x.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. Baker 703.
Ad folia Canarii.
Ein winziger Coccomyces mit leider noch unentwickelten und Sporen.
PEZIZELLEAE
BIATORINA Th. Fries
BIATORiNA SUBLUTEA Rehm sp. nov.
Apothecia in pagina superiore foliorum dispersa sessilia, myce-
lio nullo conspicuo, biatorina, urceolata, margine crasso cincta,
glabra, flavido lutea, in hypothecio gonidia algarum viridium
conspicua, 0.25 mm lat. Asci clavati, 35 x 9 /x, 8-spori. Sporae
fusiformes, rectae, medio septatae, non constrictae, hyalinae,
12 X 3 /X, distichae. Paraphyses fiiiformes, hyalinae. Epithecium
formantes. Hymenium I + .
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 907, April, 1913. Ad folia
Ardisiae.
Gehort zu den Flechten.
PSOROTHECIOPSIS Rehm
PSOROTHECIOPSIS DECIPIENS Rehm in Hedwigia (1900) 217, tab. XI,
fig. 13.
Var. BISPORA Rehm in Hedwigia (1905) /. 9. Cfr. Sacc. Syll. 16: 746,
18: 98.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo, comm. Baker 7UUc.
Ad folia Alstoniae scholaris.
MELLITOSPORIOPSIS Rehm
MELLITOSPORIOPSIS PSEU DOPEZIZOI DES Rehm in Hedwigia (1900).
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Los Banos, M. B. Raimundo comm. Baker 7Hb.
Ad folia Alstoniae scholaris.
PEZIZACEAE
HUMARIA Fries
HUMARIA GRANULATA (Bull. Champ. 258, pZ. .4^-? ^ sub Pe2wa) Quelet
Enchir. Fung. 290.
Copnobia granulata Boud. Class. Disc. 69.
Ascobolus granulatus Fuckel Symb. Myc. 288.
VIII, C, 5
Rehm: Ascomycetes Philippinenses, III
405
Var. MICROSPORA Rehm var. nov.
Apothecia 1-2 mm lata. Sporae oblongae, utrinque rotunda-
tae, 1-cellulares, non guttatae, hyalinae, 10-12 4-4,5 /x.
Luzon, Prov. Laguna, Mount Banajao, E. B. Copeland comm. Baker
803, Feb., 1913. Ad fimum alicujus Herbivori.
[Vol. VIII, No. 4, including pages 197 to 286, was issued July 26, 1913.]
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NEW SPECIES, VU
By Oakes Ames
{From the Ames Botanical Laboratory, North Easton, Mass., U. S. A.)
One plate
In the following paper forty-seven new species of Philippine
orchids are proposed and described. Of these eighteen are from
Mindanao, fifteen from Luzon, ten from Leyte, two from Mindoro,
one from the Babuyanes Islands, and one {Dendrobium verrucu-
losum) from no specific locality, but presumably from Luzon.
To my previously published notes the following groups are
additions: Camarotis Lindl., Glomera Blume, Thecostele Reichb.
f., Hippeophyllum Schlecht., and § Eudendrochilum of the genus
Dendrochilum Blume.
My conception of Camarotis philippinensis Lindl. is based on
specimens from Leyte collected by Mr. C. A. Wenzel. These
specimens agree with Lindley’s original diagnosis published in
the Journal of the Linnean Society, and with a tracing in my
possession taken from a drawing by Lindley on the type sheet of
Camarotis philippinensis Lindl. preserved in the Kew Herbarium.
Where measurements are given in the following descriptions
they usually cover the range of variation exhibited by a series of
specimens, otherwise they are maxima rather than averages.
The genera are arranged in accordance with the sequence
adopted by Pfitzer in Engler & Prantl’s “Die natiirlichen Pflan-
122078
Proof read by E. D. Merrill.
407
408
The Philippine Journal of Scie7ice
1913
zenfamilien.” When more than one specimen is cited the first
is to be taken as the type. Excepting those species collected by
Wenzel in Leyte, and by Weber, Reillo, Serrato, Lyon, and Disdan,
the types are preserved in the Herbarium of the Bureau of
Science at Manila, and the cotypes in my herbarium. The types
of the species collected by the individuals named above are pre-
served in my herbarium.
ADENOSTYLIS Blume
1. ADENOSTYLIS ELMERI Ames in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5 (1912)
1552.
This interesting species has been found again by Father M. Vanoverbergh
in Bontoc Subprovince, Luzon. The type was collected in Baguio, Province
of Benguet, in March, 1907, by A. D. E. Elmer, 5,000 feet above sea level.
From A. marivelensis Ames this species is to be distinguished by its much
smaller flowers.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, in dry forests, 1,300 m above sea level,
Father M. Vanoverbergh 1099, January 5, 1911.
2. ADENOSTYLIS (ZEUXINE) VANOVERBERGH 1 1 sp. nov.
Aff. Z. ahhi'eviatae Hook. Herba terrestris. Rhizoma succ-
ulentum, ad nodos radicans. Caules 2.8-4.6 dm alti, succulenti,
supra pubescentes. Folia prope medium caulem conferta. Ba-
ses foliorum vaginatae, scariosae, amplae. Lamina ovato-lance-
olata, acuta, membranacea, 5-15.5 cm longa, usque ad 4 cm lata,
in petiola sulcata contracta, variabilis. Recemus 8-12 cm longus,
laxus. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae, acutae, circiter 1 cm
longae, pubescentes. Flores ±15, vel plures. Pedicelli, ut vide-
tur, nulli. Ovarium circiter 12 mm longum, glabrum, supra valde
contractum. Sepala lateralia ovata, acuta, 1-nervia, 11 mm
longa, usque ad 4 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale simile, cum petalis
membranaceis connivens. Petala sublanceolata vel inaequaliter
ovata, acuminata, 1-nervia prope marginem posteriorem, 6 mm
longa, 4 mm lata. Labellum 7.5 mm longum, ad basim saccatum
vel valde concavum, super medium constrictum, ad apicem dila-
tatum, in lobos 2 magnos divergentes divisum, dente minuto ter-
minali, lobi lanceolati, valde acuminati, 3 mm longi, prope basim
circiter 2 mm lati ; per medium saccum carina elevata in callum
permagnum, bilobum, desinens ; ad basim sacci utroque appendix
carnosa, complanata. Columna crassa, columnae Z. ahhreviatae
Hook, similis.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Banco, Father M. Vanoverbergh H90, Sept-
ember 19, 1912, in wet forests, 1,600 m above sea level. Sepals brown,
petals white, labellum brown and white.
Adenostylis Vanoverberghii resembles very closely Zeuxine abbreviata
Hook. f. of India, both in the general habit of the plant and in the details
of the calli on the disc of the labellum. The leaves of Zeuxine abbreviata,
VIII, C, 6
Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids
409
however, are much narrower in proportion to their length, the petals are
narrower and falcate rather than asymmetrically ovate as in Adenostylis
Vanoverberghii. Furthermore, the terminal lobes of the labellum in the
present species are different from those of Z. abbreviata in outline and
are drawn out into a slender tip.
GOODYERA R. Brown
GOODYERA RAMOSII sp. nov.
Herba terrestris. AfF. G. reticulatae Bl. et G. clausae (A.
A, Eaton) Schltr. Rhizoma repens succulentum. Caules sub-
decumbentes vel erectiusculi, circiter 2 dm alti. Folia alterna,
4-7 cm longa, 12-25 mm lata, lanceolata, acuminata, valde acuta,
chartacea, reticulato-nervosa, breviter petiolata. Petioli ad ba-
sim vaginati ±1 cm longi. Bracteae lanceolatae it 15 mm longae ;
bracteae inflorescentiae ±1 cm longae, floribus longiores. Race-
mus densiflorus, usque ad 7 cm longus, Flores minuti, secundi,
vel subsecundi. Sepala lateralia 3 mm longa, circiter 2 mm lata,
oblongi-elliptica, obtusa. Sepalum dorsale suborbiculare, con-
cavlusculum. Petala circiter 3 mm longa, cuneato-spathulata,
1-nervia. Labellum 3.5-4 mm longum, leviter saccatum, subor-
biculare, subacutum, intus pubescens. Gynostemium breve,
erectum, antice ad apicem rostello obtuso tandem emarginato
terminatum.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. 1H21 Ramos.
Among the recorded species of this genus now known to occur in the
Philippine Islands Goodyera Ramosii is most closely allied to G. clausa
(A. A. Eaton) Schltr., from which it is separable by its different foliage
and by the absence of the two fleshy appendages among the papillae on the
inside of the saccate labellum. From the dried specimens examined the
leaves appear to have been dark green with whitish nerves and with a broad
band of white along the middle. The flowers appear to have been reddish.
In the Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 21: 63,
A. A. Eaton, in a paper entitled “Nomenclatorial Studies in Three Orchid
Genera” gave his reasons for assembling under the genus Epipactis
(Haller) Boehm, the species usually referred to Goodyera R. Br. He
assumed that the genus Epipactis was properly made by Bohmer in 1760
to include the species designated by Linnaeus as Satyrium repens and
later known as Goodyera repens R. Br. Recent investigations by Dr. P.
A. Rydberg, assisted by Dr. J. H. Barnhardt (Torreya 12:89) have re-
vealed a reference pertinent to this subject which must have escaped
Mr. Eaton’s attention. This reference is to Zinn’s “Catalogus Plantarum
Horti Academic! et Agri Gottingensis.” On page 86 of this work, which
is dated 1757, two subgenera, namely 1. Helleborine and 2. Ophrys are
given under Epipactis. Dr. Rydberg shows quite conclusively that in view
of this work Eaton’s treatment is untenable and that the generic name
Epipactis is not available for the species recently removed from Goodyera.
It would seem, then, that Goodyera must be reinstated. Peranium Salisb.
w’as published without characterization and therefore, according to the
Vienna Code, has no standing, although it antedates Goodyera.
410 The Philippine Joui'nal of Science 1913
DENDROCHILUM Blume
1. DENDROCHILUM (§ PLATYCLINIS) RAMOSII sp. nov.
Aff. D. filiformi Lindl. Herba epiphytica, pergracilis. Pseudo-
bulbi conferti, in sicco valde rugosi, pyriformi, in sicco flavidi,
j uniores vaginis mox in fibras solutis inclusi, in rhizomate repenti
dense seriati, monophylli, circiter 2.5 cm longi. Folium petiola-
tum ±15 cm longum, circiter 1 cm longum lineari-lanceolatum,
acutum, ad basim attenuatum, nervo medio subtus prominenti.
Pedunculus terminalis, filiformis, apicem folii superans, usque
ad racemum circiter 20 cm longus. Racemus pergracilis, mul-
tiflorus, usque ad 11 cm longus, pendulus. Flores flavidi, circiter
5 mm in diametro inter apices sepalorum lateralium explanato-
rum. Bracteae inflorescentiae glumaceae, circiter 1 mm longae,
pedicello cum ovario longiores. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceo-
lata, acuta, 3-nervia, 2.5 mm longa, circiter 1.5 mm lata, sub-
membranacea. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala cuneato-obovata,
obtusa, 3-nervia, 2.5 mm longa, 1.75 mm lata. Labellum 2 mm
longum, longius quam latius, subintegerrimum vel leviter sub-
panduratum, 3-nervium, bilamellatum. Lamellae prope basim
labelli, minuti. Ad basim labelli prope columnam callus leviter
incrassatus. Columnae laciniae laterales ferme basilares 0.75
mm longae, subacutae, erectae.
Luzon, Laguna Province, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 15003 Ramos, June 13,
1912.
Dendrochilum Ramosii is a near ally of D. filiforme Lindl. from which
it differs in the form of the labellum, and in the smaller flowers. In habit
it resembles rather closely D. graciliscapum (Ames) Pfitzer. In dried speci-
mens the flowers are brownish. The collector describes the flowers of living
specimens as “orange, nearly yellow.”
2. DENDROCHILUM (§ EUDENDROCHILUM ) WEBERI sp. nov.
Habitu D. aurantiaco Bl. baud dissimilis. Pseudobulbi anguste
fusiformes, in sicco flavidi et valde rugosi, circiter 3 cm longi,
monophylli, in rhizomate longe repente, lignoso, teretes, distan-
tes. Bracteae ad basim pseudobulborum imbricatae. Folium in
petiolum brevissimum sensim angustatum, oblongi-lanceolatum,
coriaceum, acutum, usque ad 8.5 cm longum, 12-20 mm latum.
Scapus heteranthus, mox sub pseudobulbo, mox ad nodum proxi-
mum rhizomatis insertus. Racemus suberectus, multiflorus ;
rhachis glabra. Bracteae inflorescentiae scariosae, distichae,
quam ovaria pedicellata paulo breviores, circiter 2 mm longae.
Sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuta, subcrassa, 4 mm longa, circiter
1 mm lata, patentia. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lineari-
lanceolata vel longe spathulata, 3-5 mm longa. Labellum pan-
VIII, C, 6
Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids
411
duratum, valde obtusum, carinae 2 canaliculo separate a basi
ad medium labellum extensae. Gynostemium breve, circiter 2
mm longum, crassum, stelidia in media columna inserta, ala
apicalis retusa vel bidentata.
Mindanao, Subprovince of Agusan, Cabadbaran, C. M. Weber 59, March,
1911.
Dendrochilum Weberi is the first representative of § Eudendrochilum
which has been reported from the Philippine Islands. In general habit
it resembles D. aurantiacum Bl. very closely, but in the details of the flower
it is quite distinct. According to notes made by Mr. Weber the flowers
are cream-colored. In dried specimens they are brownish. By the addition
of D. Weberi to the genus every section of Dendrochilum is now represented
in the Philippines, the sections Acoridium and Platyclinis by numerous
species, § Pseudacoridium by D. Woodianum and § Eudendrochilum by D.
Weberi.
MALAXIS Swartz
1. MALAXIS ARIETINA sp. nov.
Caulis subincrassatus, 3-5 cm altus, bracteis subarcte appressis
vaginantibus tectus. Folia chartacea, late ovato-lanceolata,
acuminata, acuta, breviter petiolata, 2.5-10 cm longa, 1-4.8 cm
lata, subcordata. Pedunculus cum racemo 9-26 cm longus,
gracilis. Racemus laxiflorus usque ad 15 cm longus. Flores
succedanei, eodem tempore perpauci aperti. Bracteae inflores-
centiae retroflexae, lanceolatae, valde acute, 1-4 mm longae,
pedicellis breviores. Sepala lateralia suborbicularia, nervosa,
4 mm longa, 4 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale ovato-lanceolatum, 6
mm longum, 4.5 mm latum, acutum. Petala linearia, 6 mm longa,
1-nervia. Labellum sagittatum, arietinum, apiculatum, auriculis
oblongi-falcatis, 4 mm longis. Gynostemium crassum auriculis
obtusis divergentibus.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. 1H18 Ramos, March-April, 1912.
The labellum is quite distinctive, the auricles being strongly curved and
in conjunction with the terminal portion resembling a ram’s head. In dried
specimens the flowers are yellowish, six or seven being open at the same
time. In mature specimens flowers and fruit are present together. Each
plant bears two or three leaves.
2. MALAXIS LONGIPEDUNCULATA sp. nov.
Herba terrestris. Caulis gracilis, foliosus. Folia 6, membran-
acea cum petiolo usque ad 9.5 longa, 2.3-3. 1 cm lata, lamina
ovato-lanceolata, circiter 8 cm longa, in sicco nervosa, acumi-
nata, acuta. Petioli vaginantes, sulcati. Pedunculus 2.5-2. 6 cm
longus, bracteis dependentibus, linearibus vel lanceolatis, 4-5 mm
longis, acuminatis. Flores succedanei, flavidi. Racemus usque
412
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
ad 17 cm longus, gracilis, multiflorus. Sepala lateralia oblongi-
elliptica, valde obtusa, 2 mm longa, 1.5 mm lata, membranacea.
Sepalum dorsale simile circiter 2.5 mm longum. Petala linearia
obtusa circiter 2 mm longa. Labellum antice 3-lobatum et biden-
tatum: lobus medius 1 mm longus, leviter retusus, rotundatus,
lobi laterales acuti; in sinu utroque prope basim lobi medii dens
stat ; auriculae magnae, obtusae, 2 mm longae. Ad basim labelli,
prope columnam, callus cucullatus. Gynostemium breve, auri-
culis obtusis.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 52, November 29, 1912, in soil in deep
shade of forest.
The lobing of the labellum recalls Malaxis commelinifolia (Zoll.) 0.
Ktze., although there is no close relationship between the two species. Mr.
Wenzel’s field notes indicate that the color of the fiowers in living spe-
cimens is brownish-yellow.
3. MALAXIS WENZELII sp. nov.
Herba terrestris in sylvis umbrosis, 2.5-3. 1 dm alta, foliosa.
Caulis abbreviatus, circiter 9 cm longus, 6-8-foliatu^. Folia
petiolata, chartacea, elliptico-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, usque
ad 1.5 dm longa cum petiolo, 4 cm. lata. Petiolus canaliculatus
cum vagina tubulosa. Inflorescentia erecta ; racemus cum pedun-
culo 1. 5-2.3 dm longus, laxe multiflorus. Bracteae elongatae,
subreflexae, lineariae. Sepala lateralia elliptico-ovata, obtusa,
3 mm longa, circiter 2 mm lata, 3-nervia. Sepalum dorsale
elliptico-oblongum, obtusum, 4 mm longum. Petala lineari-
oblonga, ad apicem irregulariter truncata, uninervia, circiter 4
mm longa, usque ad 1 mm lata. Labellum basi sagittatum, antice
quadridentatum, dentes lineares, subfalcati, exteriores 1.5-2 mm
longi, interiores circiter 1 mm longi. Auriculae anguste triangu-
lares, acutae, 4 mm longae. Lamina fovea elliptica, margins
hippocrepiforme-incrassata donata. Gynostemium breve, auri-
culis obtusis.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel SJt, October 21, 1912, in deep shade of
forest, alt. 60 flower pink and green, with rank odor.
Malaxis Wenzelii appears to be near Microstylis retusus J. J. Smith,
from which it differs in the form and distribution of the teeth of the
labellum. In addition to the four terminal teeth of the labellum in M.
Wenzelii sometimes an additional, very short, tooth occurs laterally or
between the middle pair.
CESTICHIS Pfitzer
CESTICHIS FRAGILIS sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma repens. Pseudobulbi ±5 cm dis-
tantes, 3.5-4 cm longi, graciles, infra aliquanto incrassati, vaginis
laxis vestiti, monophylli. Folium subcoriaceum, usque ad 18 cm
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 413
longum, circiter 1.4 cm latum, anguste oblanceolatum, acutum,
erectum. Scapus gracilis, foliis longior, flexuosus, circiter 1.5
dm longus. Bracteae inflorescentiae distichae, confertae, condu-
plicatae, circiter 5 mm longae, valde acutae. Racemus usque ad
3.5 cm longus, complanatus, circiter 5 mm in diametro. Flores
flavidi, fragiles, succedanei, eodem tempore singuli vel perpauci
aperti. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, 5 mm longa,
1.25 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala filiformia, circiter
5 mm longa. Labellum panduratum, circiter 5 mm longum,
retuso-apiculatum, ad basim callo cucullato instructum. Col-
umna gracilis, valde arcuata, prope apicem dilatata.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Merrill 818i, November 5, 1911.
Cestichis fragilis resembles most closely in general habit C. gracilis and
C. disticha. From the former it is easily distinguishable by the broader
leaves and from the latter by the construction of the labellum.
OBERONIA Lindley
1. OBERONIA TOPPINGII sp. nov.
Planta acaulescens, in toto 1 dm alta. Folia imbricata, usque
ad 6 cm longa, lineari-lanceolata, circiter 5 mm lata a latere visa.
Pedunculus cum racemo 6-10 cm longus, gracilis, densiflorus.
Flores subverticellati, minuti. Bracteae inflorescentiae integer-
rimae, lineares, flores subexcedentes, scariosae in sicco. Sepala
lateralia triangulari-ovata, acuta 0.75 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale
simile. Petala oblonga, irregulariter dentata, 0.5 mm longa.
Labellum 3-lobatum; lobi laterales tripartiti, divisiones filifor-
mes, lobus medius obcuneatus, antice utrinque in divisiones duo
productus.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Wawa, D. LeRoy Topping s. n., October, 1908.
The form of the labellum is not dissimilar from that of Oberonia insec-
tifera Hook. f. Among Philippine species it is very distinct.
HIPPEOPHYLLUM Schlechter
]. HIPPEOPHYLLUM WENZELII sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica circiter 2 dm alta usque ad apicem inflores-
centiae. Folia ±4, ensiformia, falcata, acuta, circiter 11 cm
longa, ±5 mm lata et lineari-lanceolata a latere visa, erecta,
coriacea, articulata, bases foliorum imbricatae, usque ad 2.5 cm
longae. Pedunculus elongatus, multo folia exedens, multibrac-
teatus, erectus, multiflorus, circiter 1.5 dm longus. Bracteae
glumaceae, erectae, lanceolatae, acutae, arete appressae vel ascen-
dentes, infra flores vix patentes, circiter 5 mm longae, minute
denticulatae, margine hyalino. Flores densi, in racemo spicato,
414
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
virides. Sepala lateralia oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, 2.5 mm longa.
Sepalum dorsale simile, 1 mm latum, uninervium. Petala spa-
thulata, subacuta, uninervia, 2.5 mm longa, 0.75 mm lata. La-
bellum 3-lobatum, 2.5 mm longum, lobi laterales erecti, valde
falcati, acuti, 0.75 mm longi, lobus medius oblongus, ad apicem
rotundatus, 1.5 mm longus, circiter 1 mm latus. Columna cylin-
dracea infra clinandrium.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 20, December 21, 1912, on trees, 60 m
above sea level.
This species resembles Oberonia cylindrica Lindl. from which it is easily
distinguishable by the entire lobes of the strongly 3-lobed labellum.
PODOCHILINAE
Doctor R. Schlechter in “Die Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea”
( 1 : 324) proposes a new arrangement of the species composing the group
of the Podochilinae which departs radically from his earlier arrangement
published in 1900 in Mem. Herb. Boiss. 21 (1900) 1-78. In the earlier work
Podochilus included all the species which were at that time referable, chiefly
by the number of pollen masses, either to Podochilus or Appendicula,
groups which were distinguishable from the other genera of the Podochili-
nae by the column being produced into a foot. The new arrangement
presents five genera, two of which, namely Podochilus and Appendicula,
are found widely distributed in the Philippine Islands, the former composed
of two, the latter of five sections, four of which contain Philippine species.
The reasons for the new arrangement are the result of recent and exten-
sive studies of living material in the field.
Herbarium material of the genera Podochilus and Appendicula is, as a
rule, most unsatisfactory, the flowers either lacking or when present fre-
quently being without the pollen masses. As originally conceived the
chief distinction between Podochilus and Appendicula was the number of
pollen masses; 4 in Podochilus, 6 in Appendicula.
Although Dr. Schlechter has, in his recent work, given weighty reasons
to uphold his distribution of the species into genera and sections, the lines
of demarcation may not, as new species are described, prove so well defined
in the future as they appear to be at present. His sections in my opinion
are unnecessarily artificial, and if convenience is considered, his change
of view as to generic limitations will not simplify the labors of those who
attempt to follow him.
That Podochilus and Apjjendicula constitute two well defined genera is
the opinion of two careful students of the orchid family who have arrived
at their conclusion after an examination of fresh material. J. J. Smith
in his “Die Orchideen von Java,” and now Schlechter in his exhaustive
“Die Orchidaceen von Deutsch-Neu-Guinea” both agree in upholding Podo-
chilus and Appendicula.
The following arrangement of the Philippine species is based on Schlech-
ter’s treatment.
Pollinia 4 Podochilus Blume
Pollinia 6 Appendicula Blume
VIII. C. 6
Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids
415
PODOCHILUS Blume
§ I. Apista. Pollinia 4 on a single viscid gland.
§ II. Diadena. Pollinia 4 in pairs on separate viscid glands.
§ I. Apista
1. Podochilus Cumingii Schlechter in Fedde Repertorium 3: 19.
2. Podochilus longilabris Ames in Elm. Lead. Philip. Bot. 5: 1565.
3. Podochilus Robinsonii Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. Bot. 6: 49.
4. Podochilus strictus Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. Bot. 4: 669.
§ II. Diadena
5. Podochilus bicaudatum Schlechter in Fedde Repertorium 3; 19
6. Podochilus intricatus Ames, below.
7. Podochilus plumosus Ames in Phil. Journ. Sci. Bot. 4: 668.
8. Podochilus Ramosii Ames, below.
APPENDICULA Blume
§ I. Eu-Appendicula. Inflorescence abbreviated, lateral or lateral and
terminal.
§ II. Chaunodesme. Inflorescence chiefly terminal, bracts strongly re-
flexed.
§ III. Pododesme. Inflorescence elongated, lateral or terminal, peduncle
closely sheathed with elongated bracts.
§ IV. Oligodesme. No Philippine species recorded.
§ V. Chromatodesme. Inflorescence with large imbricating bracts which
are said to be white or red.
§ Eu-Appendicula
1. Appendicula anceps Bl. Bijdr. 299.
2. Appendicula Clemensiae n. comb. Podochilus Clemensiae Ames in
Phil. Journ. Sci. Bot. 4: 667.
3. Appendicula cornuta Bl. Bijdr. 302.
4. Appendicula fruticosa n. comb. Podochilus fruticosus Ames in
Phil. Journ. Sci. Bot. 6: 48
5. Appendicula Fenixii (Ames) Schlechter Die Orch. von Deutsch-
Neu-Guinea 1 : 336.
6. Appendicula malindangensis (Ames) Schlechter 1. c. 1:337
7. Appendicula micrantha Lindl. in Ann. Nat. Hist. 15:386
8. Appendicula Wenzelii Ames, below.
§ Chaunodesme
9. Appendicula lucbanensis comb. nov. Podochilus lucbanensis Ames
in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5: 1566. .
10. Appendicula luzonensis comb. nov. Podochilus luzonensis Ames
in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5: 1567.
11. Appendicula maquilingensis Ames, below.
12. Appendicula Merrillii Ames, below.
13. Appendicula pendula Bl. Bijdr. 298.
14. Appendicula perplexa comb. nov. Podochilus perplexus Ames in
Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5: 1569.
15. Appendicula philippinensis (Schlechter) J. J. Smith.
16. Appendicula xytriophora Reichb. f. in Seem. FI. Vit. 209.
416 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
§ PODODESME
17. Appendicula Elmeri comb. nov. Podockilus Elmeri Ames in Elm.
Leaf!. Philip. Bot. 5: 1565.
18. Appendicula undulata var. calcarata (Schlechter) .
19. Appendicula negrosiana comb. nov. Podochilus negrosianus in
Elm. Leaf!. Philip. Bot. 5: 1568.
20. Appendicula Weberi Ames, below.
§ Chromatodesme
21. Appendicula crotalina (Ames) Schltr. in Die Orch. von Deutsch-
Neu-Guinea 1 : 336.
PODOCHILUS Blume
1. PODOCHILUS (§ DIADENA) INTRICATUS sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica in sylvis, 1-2 dm alta, gracilis. Caules
ramosi, flexuosi, foliosi. Folia disticha, linearia, acuta, apiculata,
usque ad 11 mm longa, circiter 1.5 mm lata, subcoriacea. Flores
albidi, terminales et laterales. Pedunculus folio brevior. Brac-
teae imbricatae, lanceolatae, acutae, glumaceae, circiter 2.5 mm
longae. Sepala lateralia triangulari-lanceolata, acuta, acuminata,
3 mm longa, 1-nervia, vel intus carinata. Sepalum dorsale
oblongi-lanceolatum, acuminatum, acutum. Petala pblongi-ellip-
tica, obtusa, vel subacuta, uninervia, 2 mm longa, 1 mm lata.
Labellum rhombicum, ad basim sagittatum vel bicaudatum, 2.5
mm longum, valde acutum, 3-nervium. Rostellum bifidum. Pol-
linia compressa, per paria calyptrata, paribus glandulae communi
affixa.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Mt. Pular, at 600 m above sea level,
January, 1913, Clemente Disdon s. n.
Undoubtedly a near relative of Podochilus tenuis Lindl. from which it
is in part distinguishable by its broader, longer leaves, and by the flowers
being both terminal and lateral. The details of the flower vary but
slightly from those of P. acicularis illustrated in Hooker’s leones pi.
21U7. Among Philippine species it is very closely related to P. plum-
osus Ames, but quite readily distinguishable by means of its broader
leaves and stouter habit. In the details of the flower, however, it is very
similar to P. plumosus, differing in slight characters which actual com-
parison of specimens side by side will reveal. Whether or not the vege-
tative characters which now seem to distinguish the plants will prove
constant, further studies, with the aid of additional material, will show.
^ The characteristic imbricating bracts of the inflorescence in this sec-
tion are described as white or red by Dr. Schlechter. The field notes
accompanying the specimens of A. crotalina made no mention of the color
of the bracts.
VIII, C, 6
Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids
417
2. PODOCHILUS (§ DIADENA) RAMOSII sp. nov.
Herba epithytica, pergracilis, prostrata vel suberecta. Caules
vix 1 dm longi, simplices vel pauciramosi. Folia disticha, in
sicco torta, usque ad 3 mm longa, vix 1 mm lata, oblonga, ad api-
cem mucronata. Racemus terminalis pauciflorus : flores albidi, 2
vel 3. Bracteae inflorescentiae lineari-lanceolatae, subrigidae.
Sepala lateralia infra medium connata, uninervia, triangulari-lan-
ceolata, vix 3 mm longa, mentum obtusum brevem formantia.
Sepalum dorsale oblongi-ellipticum, valde concavum. Petala 2
mm longa, cuneato-spathulata, obtusa, uninervia. Labellum 2.5
mm longum vix 2 mm latum, ad basim cuneatum, supra medium
subquadratum, ad apicem valde obtusum, circiter 1.5 mm latum,
supra unguem subsagittatum, utroque incrassatum, non cauda-
tum. Rostellum bifidum. Pollinia compressa per paria calyp-
trata, paribus glandulae communi affixa.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. mui Ramos, March-April, 1912.
Podochilus Ramosii resembles very closely P. tenuis Lindl. in habit.
The labellum is not at all caudate, but somewhat sagittate at the base,
with the very short lobes thickened and callus-like in aspect. From the
other species of Philippine distribution, which it resembles in habit, the
form and structure of the labellum present reliable differentiating char-
acters. The pollinia are paired, each pair with a calyptriform sheath
at the base, which is connected to the viscid disc by a very slender support.
The specimens I have examined are creeping in moss, the stems inter-
twining and rooting at intervals along the leafy portion.
APPENDICULA Blume
1. APPENDICULA (§ CHAUNODESM E) M AQU ILI NGENSIS sp. nov.
Caules graciles, infra medium teretes, superne subcomplanati
±25 cm longi. Folia disticha, oblongi-lanceolata, sensim acumin-
ata, inaequaliter obtuse 2-dentata, mucronata, in sicco subchar-
tacea, nervosa, usque ad 6 cm longa, 6-8 mm lata. Inflorescentia
terminalis, multiflora, 4.5-5 cm longa, laxiflora. Bracteae valde
deflexae oblongi-lanceolatae usque ad 3 mm longae, circiter 1
mm latae, subcoriaceae, virides. Flores flavidi, circiter 5 mm
longi, patentes, resupinati. Pedicellus gracilis cum ovario 5-7
mm longus. Capsula usque ad 9 mm longa. Sepala lateralia
antice triangularia, postice in mentum obtusum elongata, pars
anterior 3 mm longa, 2 mm lata. Mentum 3.5 mm longum.
Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, obtusum, vix 3 mm longum,
circiter 1.5 mm latum. Petala oblonga, obtusa, leviter curvata,
uninervia, vix 3 mm longa, circiter 1 mm lata. Labellum bre-
viter unguiculatum ad basim concaviusculum, plus minus 4 mm
longum, ad apicem 3-3.5 mm latum, leviter retusum subquadra-
418
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
turn, antice dilatatum. Callus hippocrepiformis, ad basim in-
crassatus, utrinque attenuatus. Gynostemium generis.
Luzon, Laguna Province, Mt. Maquiling, Bur. Sci. 1711Jf Robinson,
December 8, 1912.
Appendicula maquiling ensis resembles most closely among Philippine
species .4. xytriophora Reichb. f. The more compact inflorescence, dif-
ferent floral bracts, and the elongated, lanceolate leaves are differentiating
characters. A. lucbanensis is also a nearly related species which is in
part sufficiently characterized by the very different callus of the labellum.
2. APPENDICULA (§ CH AUNODESM E) MERRILLII sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, nana, 5 ad 18 cm alta. Folia disticha,
oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, membranacea, 1.5-3 cm longa, decidua,
circiter 7 mm lata, in petiolum infundibuliformem contracta.
Inflorescentia terminalis, simplex vel ramosa, foliis longior, usque
ad 3 cm longa. Pedunculus brevis. Bracteae inflorescentiae
foliaceae, lanceolatae, acutae, pedicellis longiores. Racemus
densiflores, flores albidi. Sepala lateralia ovato-lanceolata, men-
tum brevem formantia, acutiuscula, 3-nervia, 3.5 mm longa, cir-
citer, 2.5 mm lata. Sepalum superius lanceolatum, obtusiuscu-
lum, sepalis lateralibus minus. Petala spathulata, obtusiuscula,
ad basim attenuata, 3-nervia, 3.5 mm longa, circiter 1.5 mm lata.
Labellum saccatum, pars superior rotundata, obtusa, lamella bi-
loba in disco; prope apicem labelli tuberculum papilliforme.
Gynostemium quadridentatum. Pollinia 6.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga., .Merrill 8135, November, 1911.
Apparently a very distinct species clearly separable from all known
representatives of the genus in the Philippines by the bilobed membra-
nous callus on the disc of the lip, opposite the sinus of which, near the
apex of the lip, a papilla-like tubercle is situated.
3. APPENDICULA (§ PODODESME) WEBERI sp. nov.
Ad truncos arborum in sylvis umbrosis. Caulis simplex vel
pauciramosus, usque ad 2.5 dm altus, dense foliatus. Folia dis-
ticha, usque ad 11 mm longa, dz 8 mm lata, superne 1 cm longa, 4
mm lata, oblongi-elliptica, ad apicem subaequaliter rotundato-
biloba cum mucrone breviore inter lobos. Inflorescentiae ter-
minales et laterales. Pedunculi elongati, 4-12 cm longi, bracteis
tubularibus in parte obtecti. Racemi nutantes, 9-20 mm longi.
Bracteae inflorescentiae triangulari-lanceolatae, acutae, circiter
2 mm longae. Flores albidi, purpureo-striati. Sepala lateralia
carinata, ovato-falcata, acuta, mentum formantia, 2.5 mm longa.
Sepalum dorsalq elliptico-lanceolatum, subacutum, carinatum.
Petala 1.5 mm longa, oblonga vel oblongi-spathulata, uninervia,
valde obtusa, saepius retusa. Labellum 2.5 mm longum, ob-
VIII, C, 6
Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids
419
longum, valde obtusum vel truncatum, prope apicem leviter con-
strictum, ad basim concavum. Callus vel membrana, prope
basim, cucullata. Rostellum breviter bifidum vel bifurcatum.
Pollinia 6.
Mindanao, Province of Agusan, west slope of Mt. Hilonghilong, alt. 400
m, March 27, 1911, C. M. Weher 88.
Appendicula Weberi in habit resembles A. effusa Schlechter, but is
larger and apparently a much freer growing species with conspicuously
elongated peduncles. In dried specimens the sepals have brilliant purple
midveins.
4. APPENDICULA (§ EU-APPENDICULA) WENZELII sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, ad truncus arborum, usque ad 50 cm alta,
foliosa ; caulis simplex. Folia disticha, oblongi-lanceolata, usque
ad 4.5 cm longa, 12 mm lata, superne breviora. Foliorum
vaginae sublaxae, supra paulo dilatatae, intemodiis aequilongae.
Inflorescentiae breves, usque ad 12 mm longae, flores albidi et
purpurei, plus minus 5. Racemi quam folia breviores, terminales
et laterales. Bracteae lineari-lanceolatae, usque ad 5 mm longae.
Sepala lateralia triangularia, acuta, circiter 2 mm longa. Sep-
alum dorsale elliptico-ovatum, 2 mm longum, 1.25 mm latum.
Petala rhombico-spathulata, acuta vel subobtusa, circiter 2 mm
longa. Labellum subquadratum, vel supra medium late ovato-
lanceolatum et prope medium constrictum; infra medium callo
hippocrepiforme, permagno, ad basim subsaccatum. Rostellum
breviter bifidum, anthera sagittata. Pollinia 6.
Leyte, Dagami, 60 m above sea level, apparently preferring locations
near running water, September 29, 1912, C. A. Wenzel 10.
Appendicula Wenzelii in habit resembles quite closely A. Fenixii (Ames)
Schlechter, from which it is easily distinguishable by the structure of the
labellum. The flowers are produced from the axils of the leaves, from
near the base of the plant to the apex.
GLOMERA Blume
GLOMERA MERRILLIl sp. nov.
Aff. G. erythrosmae Bl. Herba epithytica, ± 4 dm alta, flex-
uosa, foliosa. Caules circiter 5 mm in diametro. Folia disticha,
lineari-lanceolata, coriacea, ± 10 cm longa, circiter 1 cm lata,
articulata, ad basim in vaginis contracta. Vaginae circiter 2 cm
longae, scabridae arete adpressae. Infiorescentia terminalis,
capitata. Flores albidi, conferti, bracteis numerosis intermixti.
Bracteae inflorescentiae ± 12 mm longae, triangulari-lanceolatae,
acuminatae, acutae. Sepala lateralia prope ad medium connata,
mentum saccatum formantia, late falcata, oblongi-lanceolata, cir-
citer 6 mm longa, plus minus 2.75 mm lata, ad apicem in caudam
420
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
filiformem, brevem, constricta. Mentum valde obtusum, circiter
3 mm longum. Sepalum dorsale lanceolatum, breviter apicula-
tum, 7 mm longum. Petala oblanceolata vel subspathulata, valde
obtusa vel ad apicem rotundata, 5-nervia, 7 mm longa, circiter
2 mm lata. Labellum pedi columnae aiRxum, indivisum, ad
apicem sacci dilatatum, pars superior subrotundata, 2 mm longa,
2 mm lata. Saccus 3 mm longus. Columna exalata, dilatata,
fovea stigmatosa ampla. Pollinia 4, pyriformia. Anthera um-
bonata.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Merrill 8290, November
27, 1911.
The genus Glomera has no other representative in the Philippines of
w^hich we have any knowledge. From Agrostophyllum, a genus with
which Glomera might readily be confounded, it is separable by the number
of pollen masses, Agrostophylum having 8 pollinia.
AGROSTOPHYLLUM Blume
1. AGROSTOPHYLLUM LONGIVAGIN ATUM sp. nov.
, Aff. A. longifolio sed in habitu satis dissimilis. Planta ±4.5
dm alta, gracilis, foliosa, subflexuosa. Caules complanati vaginis
foliorum tecti. Folia disticha, lineari-lanceolata, lamina 9-12
cm longa, circiter 9 'mm lata, subcoriacea, acuta, vaginae foliorum
imbricatae persistentes, flavidae, longivaginatae, circiter 6 cm
longae. Flores albidi in capitulo terminali numerosi, bracteis im-
bricatis subtendentes. Sepala lateralia valde carinata, elliptico-
lanceolata, acuta, 1-nervia, 4 mm longa, 2 mm lata, concaviuscula.
Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lineari-lanceolata, 1-nervia, 4 mm
longa, prope basim 1 mm lata. Labellum saccatum, 3-lobatum;
lobus terminalis subcordatus 2 mm longus, 2.5 mm latus, latior
quam longior; lobi laterales minuti, erecti, obtusi. Columna
exalata, crassa.
Mindoro, Merrill 5656. The specimens described flowered in Manila,
October 4, 1911.
In one flower examined the lateral lobes were connected by a trans-
versely situated membrane. In two other flowers this membrane was not
present. That it may have been lost through injury is probable although
the likelihood of such a membrane being evanescent should be taken under
consideration.
2. AGROSTOPHYLLUM MEARNSII sp. nov.
Aff. A. javanico Bl. Caules ±4.5 dm alti, graciles. Folia
disticha, coriacea, lineari-lanceolata ±8 cm longa, acuta, 7 mm
lata, caulibus foliatis cum vaginis obtectis. Flores flavidi in
capitulum terminale densissime conferti. Bracteae numerosae
imbricatae. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuta, ad basim conca-
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 421
viuscula, 4 mm longa, 2.5 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-
ellipticum, ad apicem incrassatum. Petala linearia, 3 mm longa,
circiter 1 mm lata. Labellum 4.5 mm longum, bisaccatum, vel
ad medium valde constrictum, parte terminal! valde concava,
margine involuta ; parte inferiore saccata, ad medium callus mem-
branaceus. Columna elongata, 4 mm longa.
Mindanao, Province of Misamis, Mt. Bliss, For Bur. If607 Major E. A.
Mearns & W. I . Hutchinson, May, 1906.
The flowers of Agfostophyllum Mearnsii, especially the constricted
labellum, recall those of A. javanicum Bl., but the foliage is quite distinct-
ive. I have seen material from Sumatra (Schlechter 15967) named A.
javanicum Bl. by Dr. R. Schlechter which resembles A. Meamsii, but
which has longer, narrower leaves.
3. AGROSTOPHYLLUM PELORIOIDES sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, circiter 4 dm alta, gracilis, caulibus foliatis
cum vaginis obtectis. Folia elongata, subcoriacea, linearia, dis-
ticha, acuta, circiter 2 dm longa, circiter 8 mm lata. Vaginae
imbricatae, superne liberatae, valde complanatae. Flores nume-
rosissimi in capitulum terminale, sessile, nutans, densissime con-
ferti. Sepala lateralia lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, ad apicem
incrassata, 6.5 mm longa, 3.5 mm lata, mentum brevem forman-
tia. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lanceolata, 6 mm longa,
circiter 3 mm lata. Labellum elliptico-lanceolatum, 6 mm lon-
gum, 3 mm latum, concaviusculum, ad apicem breviter con-
duplicatum, incrassatum, in disco leviter carinatum. Columna
3 mm longa. Pollinia 8.
Mindanao, District of Davao, Mt. Apo, E. B. Copeland 1119, April
21, 1904.
Agrostophyllum pelorioides is easily distinguishable from all other Phil-
ippine species, of which we have any record, by the labellum and broad pe-
tals. The labellum is similar to the petals in form and size and is scarcely
saccate.
CERATOSTYLIS Blume
CERATOSTYLIS WENZELII sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, caespitosa, circiter 3 dm alta. Pseudobulbi
vel caules graciles, circiter 2.5 cm longi, monophylli, vaginis im-
bricatis appressis clathratim nervosis tecti. Folium lineari-
lanceolatum, acutum, coriaceum, 1-2 cm longum, usque ad 1.7 cm
latum, in petiolum sulcatum contractum. Vaginae 1.5-5 cm lon-
gae, scariosae, pulcherrime reticulatae. Flores 2 vel 3, succeda-
nei, eodem tempore 1 vel 2 aperti. Pedicelli graciles cum ovario
8 mm longi. Ovarium lanugine albida dense vestitum. Bractea
floris scariosa, triangulari-ovata, acuta. Sepala extus lanugi-
nosa. Sepala lateralia oblonga, mentum obtusum elongatum for-
422
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
mantia, 1 cm longa, 2.5 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale simile,
obtusum, 8 mm longum. Mentum cylindraceum, lanugine albida
dense vestitum, 8-9 mm longum. Petala lanceolata, valde acu-
minata, acuta, usque ad 6 mm longa, purpurea. Labellum lineari-
oblanceolatum, 13.5 mm longum, prope apicem constrictum et
incrassatum, ecallosum, pedi columnae effixum. Columna basi in
pedem longiusculum producta.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 13, December 10, 1912, on trees, 60 m
above sea level, floivers white and purple.
In habit Ceratostylis Wenzelii resembles C. radiata J. J. Smith rather
closely but is clearly distinct from that species in the details of the flower.
The sepals and lip in dried specimens appear to have been white, the petals
purple.
PHAIUS Loureiro
PHAIUS PHILIPPINENSIS N. E. Brown.
The material which I have referred to this species agrees very well
with the description of P. philippinensis. I have seen no authentic speci-
mens of Brown’s plant.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 11139 McGregor, March-
April, 1912. “Petals white outside, light ochre-brown streaked with pink
or carmine inside, the large lower petal (lip) rich carmine inside and on
the border inside. In mossy bogs.”
GALA NTH E R. Brown
1. CALANTHE DAVAENSIS sp. nov.
Herba terrestris. Radices crassae. Pseudobulbi subnulli,
tumidi, vaginis nervosis obtecti. Folia circiter 3, longe petiolata,
lanceolata vel oblongi-elliptica, subtus breviter pilosa, acuminata,
acuta, lamina circiter 2.4 dm longa, usque ad 6 cm lata, chartacea,
prominente 5-nervia. Petiolus plus minus 2 dm longus, ad basim
vaginatus, sulcatus, in sicco nervosus, erectus, gracilis. Pedun-
culus elongatus, foliis longior, circiter 10 dm longus, tomentosus,
6 mm in diametro prope basim. Bracteae lanceolatae, persis-
tentes, 5-15 mm longae, pilosae. Racemus elongatus, laxus,
±2 dm longus. Flores albidi, pedicelli circiter 1.5 cm longi,
graciles, pubescentes. Sepala lateralia elliptica, subapiculata,
S-nervia, 8 mm longa, 5-6 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale simile,
ellipticum, circiter 9 mm longum, 3-nervium. Petala oblance-
olata, subacuta, prope basim cuneata, 3-nervia, 8 mm longa, 3.5
mm lata. Labellum 3-lobatum, orbiculare; lobi laterales lobo
terminal! majores, cuneati, rotundati, nervosi, 5 mm longi, 6 mm
lati; lobus medius cuneatus, bifidus, circiter 5 mm longus, 5 mm
latus. Columna crassa, in disco labelli usque ad medium decur-
rens, utroque dentes duo vel tres formans. Calcar breve, 4 mm
longum, circiter 1 mm in diametro.
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 423
Mindanao, District of Davao, Mt. Apo, E. B. Copeland s. n., October
25, 1904, terrestrial at 1,900 m altitude above sea level.
In outline the labellum is orbicular as the lateral lobes envelop the
middle one. The divisions are cuneate, rounded ' and radiate from the
tube formed by the union of the column and the base of the lip. The
column is fleshy and in front passes obliquely into a dentate crest on the
disc of the lip on each side.
2. CALANTHE HENNISII A. Loher in Card. Chron. 46 (1909) 34.
Luzon, Province of Tayabas, Bur. Sci. 13111, F. W. Foxworthy &
M. Ramos, March 8, 1911; without locality, W. S. Lyon il, 1908, epiphyte,
trees over stream at about 300 m altitude above sea level, flowering in
January, sepals greenish-white, petals pure white, base of labellum bright
lemon-yellow.
DENDROBIUM Swartz
1. DENDROBIUM (§ STRONGYLE) M I N DAN AENSE sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica usque ad 40 cm alta, gracilisj foliosa, flexuosa,
prope apicem aphylla. Caules leviter fractiflexi, internodiis cir-
citer 1 cm longis. Folia subteretia, circiter 1.8 cm longa, acuta,
in sicco circiter 2 mm crassa, carnosa, leviter ascendentia. Flores
circiter 1 cm longi, penduli, solitarii. Sepalum dorsale oblongum,
3 mm longum, circiter 3 mm latum, 3-nervium, lateralia antice
triangula, obtuse acuta, postice in mentum 7 mm longum, antice
apertum, leviter curvatum, elongata. Petala obtusa, lineari-
oblonga, uninervia, 2.5 mm longa, 1 mm lata. Labellum simplex,
usque ad 1 cm longum, e basi anguste dilatatum, cuneatum, antice
retusum, lineae in disco 3 mox evanidae.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, For. Bur. 13532 Foxworthy, Demesa,
& Villamil, June 15, 1912.
Nearly related to Dendrobium uncatum Lindl. which has much larger
flowers, shorter leaves and a slightly different labellum. The three lines
on the disc appear to terminate 1.5 mm from the apex of the labellum
in an obscurely 3-lobed callus. The flowers are described as pale mauve
with purple markings.
2. DENDROBIUM (§ GRASTIDIUM) PERGRACILE sp. nov.
Herba epithytica. Caulis tenuis, gracillimus, 30-60 cm altus,
1-2 mm crassus. Foliorum vaginae 2-3 cm longae, minutissime
granulosae, internodiis aequilongae. Folia linearia, usque ad 13
cm longa, 4-5 mm lata, herbacea, acuminatissima. Racemi me-
dia e vagina foliorum orientes brevissime, biflori, squamae 2 car-
tilaginae in basi. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 4 mm longus,
gracilis. Sepala lateralia lineari-lanceolata in caudam subfilifor-
mem producta, mentum brevem formantia, pars anterior 11 mm
longa, prope gynostemium vix 2 mm lata ; mentum vix 2 mm lon-
gum. Sepalum dorsale lineari-lanceolatum, vel lineari-triangu-
lare, acuminatissimum, acutum, 8 mm longum. Petala linearia,
in caudam filiformem producta, 11 mm longa, vix 1 mm lata.
122078 2
424
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Labellum 3-lobatum, 5 mm longum; lobi laterales falcati vel
leviter curvati, oblongi, obtusi, 2 mm longi, vix 1 mm lati, inte-
gerrimi; lobus medius triangularis, acuminatissimus, 3 mm
longus, prope basim 2 mm latus, intus pilosus, margine fimbriate,
linea mediana incrassata, Gynostemium generis.
Mindanao: Lake Lanao, Camp Keithley, Mary Strong Clemens 999,
March 1907. Flowers white.
Dendrobium pergracile is closely related to D. acuminatissimum (Bl.)
Lindl. from which it is easily separated by its smaller flowers.
3. DENDROBIUM PHILIPPINENSE sp. nov.
Herba epithytica, 20-40 cm alta, pergracilis, foliis acicularibus.
Caules graciles, sursum teretes, internodiis prope basim angu-
latis, incrassatis, sive internodia inferiora fusiformia. Inter-
nodii 1-4 cm lon^i, prope basim 3 mm in diametro, superne cir-
citer 1 mm in diametro. Foliorum vaginae cylindraceae, in-
ternodiis aequilongae. Folia teretia, acicularia vel subulata, vel
filiformia, ascendentia, usque ad 10 cm longa, vix 1 mm in diame-
tro, acuta. Flores flavidi, singuli, bracteae minutissimae. Pedi-
cellus cum ovario circiter 9 mm longus, gracilis. Sepala lateralia
antice triangula, acuta, postice in mentum leviter incurvum pro-
ducta, pars anterior 5 mm longa, 3 mm lata, mentum circiter 6
mm longum, obtusum. Sepalum dorsale 4 mm longum, lanceo-
latum, acutum, 3-nervium. Petala lineari-lanceolata, acuta, 4.5
mm longa, 1 mm lata. Labellum simplex, 1 cm longum, prope
apicem 4.5 mm latum, breviter unguiculatum, oblongum, rotun-
dato-apiculatum ad apicem, in disco carinae duo.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 6, November 20, 1912.
In habit similar to Dendrobium acicidare Lindl. from which species
it is clearly separable by means of the simple labellum. The labellum of
D. aciculare is three lobed, with three raised lines on the disc.
I refer here also the following specimens:
Luzon: Laguna Province, Bur. Sci. 56U1 Griffin, July-Dee., 1909;
without exact locality, W. S. Lyon 67, June 1908 (in herb. Ames) ; A.
Loher 6022, July 9, 1905 (specimen flowering in Manila). Mindoro,
Merrill 5658 (specimen flowering in Manila).
In habit D. philippinense also resembles closely D. polytrichum Ames,
from which it is at once distinguishable by means of the very different
labellum.
The United States National Herbarium contains a specimen (Loher
Jf87), without flowers, which appears to be closely related to if not
identical with D. philippinense. This specimen is a duplicate of material
which Kranzlin in his monograph referred to D. aciculare Lindl.
Dendrobium Gerlandianum Kranzlin (a species which I have not seen)
from the description is a nearly related species.
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 425
4. DENDROBIUM (§ CRUMENATA) ROBINSONII sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, ±40 cm alta, foliis teretibus. Caules flaccidi,
superne ramosi, internodia 3-4 inferiora incrassata, angulata,
pseudobulbum fusiformem usque ad 11 cm longum formantia,
cetera teretia. Folia teretia, acuta, ascendentia, usque ad 7.5
cm longa, in sicco circiter 2 mm in diametro. Flores in apice
caulis singuli, flavidi, purpureo-striati,±19 mm longi; bracteae
in sicco chartaceae, circiter 2 mm longae. Pedicellus pergra-
cilis, cum ovario 11 mm longus, ascendens, glabrus. Sepala
lateralia antice elongato-triangula, obtusa, 5-nervia, postice in
mentum obtusum leviter incurvum elongata, pars anterior 9-10
mm longa, 4 mm lata, mentum antice usque ad basim apertum
9 mm longum. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, valde obtusum, 1 cm
longum. Petala oblongi-oblanceolata, acuta, 3-nervia, nerviis
ramosis, 1 cm longa, vix 3 mm lata. Labellum circiter 1.5 cm
longum, valde retusum, margine prope apicem irregulariter
dentate, vix 3-lobatum sed subpanduriforme, breviter unguicu-
latum, prope basim cuneatum, in disco ad medium cristatum,
lineae elevatulae per discum 3.
Mindoro, Bulalacao, Bur. Sci. 5642 Robinson (flowering in Manila),
December, 1909. “Flowers pale greenish-yellow, throat with purple lines
on the side, lip with a dark-purple blotch at base.”
A very distinct species of the § Crumenata, characterized by the swollen
base of the stem and the fleshy terete leaves.
5. DENDROBIUM (§ PEDILONUM) VANOVERBERGH 1 1 sp. nov.
(Plate XIII.)
Habitu D. furcato Reinw. baud dissimilis. Caules graciles,
pauciramosi, vix 2 mm in crassitudine, circiter 4.5 dm alti,
suberecti, multiarticulati, nodii nigro-maculati. Folia lineari-
lanceolata, acuta, subcoriacea, circiter 6.5 cm longa, 2.5 mm
lata, disticha. Racemi pauciflori. Bracteae coloratae. Flores
circiter 4.5 cm longi, praeclari; sepala petalaque subalbida,
labellum purpureum. Sepala lateralia oblonga in mentum sub-
acutum producta, 3.5 cm longa, 11 mm lata; mentum 1.5 cm
longum. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, obtusum, circiter
3.2 cm longum, 1.2 cm latum. Petala ovato-oblanceolata, obtusa,
circiter 3 cm longa, 1.5 cm lata. Labellum longiunguiculatum,
margine antice minute crenulato, supra medium dilatatum, la-
mina late ovata, 2.5 cm longa, 2 cm lata, obtusa. Labelli
unguis linearis 2 cm longus in mento sepalorum lateralium
absconditus. Gynostemium utrinque lobuktum.
426 The Philippine Journal of Science i9is
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 13^5, July 19,
1911.
Dendrobium Vanover berg Mi, from the material I have examined, appears
to be but slightly variable. The flowers of dried specimens indicate that
the sepals and petals in a fresh state may have been whitish, the labellum
purplish. The mentum may also show a purplish color in fresh specimens.
D. Vanoverberghii is a member of the section or subgenus Pedilonum.
6. DENDROBIUM (§ GRASTIDIUM) VERRUCULOSUM sp. nov.
Caules elongati, teretes, ± 40 cm alti, verisimiliter plus quam
50 cm alti, circiter 2 mm in diametro. Folia patentissima,
lineari-lanceolata, inaequaliter obtuse 2-dentata, 7-9 cm longa,
5-8 mm lata, basi rotundata, sensim longe acuminata, vaginae
verruculosae internodiis aequilongae. Internodii circiter 1 cm
longi. Inflorescentiae 2-florae. Flores mediocres, 2 cm lati.
Racemi media e vagina foliorum orientes, brevissime. Pedi-
cellus cum ovario plus minus 11 mm longus, gracilis. Sepala
lateralia oblique triangula, elongata, acuminatissima, 9 mm longa,
mentum 4 mm longum, valde obtusum, formantia. Sepalum
dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, acuminatissimum, superne paulo
incrassatum, 9 mm longum. Petala linearia, acuminata, circiter
8 mm longa, prope basim vix 1 mm lata. Labellum 3-lobatum,
breviter unguiculatum, 8 mm longum, lineae per discum 3, ele-
vatae, irregulariter dentatae; lobi laterales obtusi, lobus medius
vix 4 mm longus, 2.5 mm latus, erosus, oblongi-lanceolatus,
acuminatus, acutus. Gynostemium generis.
Philippine Islands, W. S. Lyon H3, 1909. (Probably from Luzon.)
Closely related to D. ornithoflorum Ames. From D. luzonense, a closely
allied species it is easily separated by the three, elevated, irregularly
dentate keels which are conspicuous on the middle lobe and which become
confluent opposite the lateral lobes where they form a thickened ridge.
The sheathing bases of the leaves in dried specimens are longitudinally
nerved with minutely verruculose nerves.
SARCOPODIUM Lindley
SARCOPODIUM STELLA-SYLVAE Loher & Kranzlin in Fedde Report.
7 (1909) 40.
This interesting plant, which appears to be a diminutive form of
Bar copodium acuminatum Rolfe, is a native of Luzon. In the Herbarium
of the Bureau of Science there is a specimen which agrees well with the
original description of Sarcopodium stella-silvae and which resembles closely
the illustration in Kranzlin’s monograph of the Dendrobiinae in Engler’s
Pflanzenreich. The leaves are longer than those described from the type,
being, in the specimens before me, about 5 cm long by 2 cm broad. The
flowers are about as large as those of D. acuminatum, white, with a yellow
and brownish labellum.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, 1,750 m, above sea level, epiphyte, January
11, 1913, Father M. Vanoverbergh 2A18.
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 427
ER!A Lindley
1. ERIA BONTOCENSIS sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, usque ad 3 dm alta. Caules cylindracei,
elongati, in sicco circiter 8 mm in diametro, ad summum foliosi.
Folia oblongi-lanceolata, acuminata, acuta, lamina coriacea, usque
ad 15 cm longa, 11-25 mm lata, in sicco nervosa. Inflores-
centiae 3 vel 4, oppositifoliae, laxiflorae, circiter 1.5 dm longae,
glabrae. Bracteae lanceolatae 5 mm longae, in sicco scariosae.
Flores circiter 13 mm longi. Pedicelli glabri. Sepala et petala
flavida, labellum purpureum. Sepala petalaque oblonga, 3-
nervia, acuminata, subacuta, 12-13 mm longa, 2-3 mm lata.
Labellum brevissime unguiculatum, 4 mm longum, 2 mm latum,
simplex, ovatum, obtusum, 3-nervium, margine denticulate ; calli
prope basim iabelli, carinati, prominentes. Columna crassa ; pes
2 mm longus.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1386, June 24,
1911.
Eria bontocensis is nearly related to E. philippinensis and E. Elmeri.
The elongated, narrow sepals and petals and the very prominent calli
at the base of the labellum, one on each lateral vein, and the elongated
stems are diffentiating characters, while from E. philippinensis the smooth
flower stalks are quite serviceable for purpose of separation. In the
flowers examined the labellum is minutely denticulate on the margin.
2. ERIA LEYTENSIS sp. nov.
Herba epithytica circiter 40 cm alta, foliosa. Caulis aliquid
gracilis, internodiis 1-3 cm longis, circiter 4 mm in diametro.
Foliorum vaginae arete adpressae cylindraceae, supra paulo
dilatatae, internodiis aquilongae, hirsutae, pilis sparsis, albidis,
superne pilis densis rufis; laminae lineari-lanceolatae, acumi-
natae, acutae, coriaceae, rigidae in sicco, glabrae, valde rugosae
in sicco, 5-8.5 cm longae, 6-10 mm latae. Inflorescentae breves,
3-4 cm longae, pilis rufis vestitae, racemi quam folia brevores,
pauciflori. Bracteae dense villosae, valde coriaceae, late ovatae,
subacutae, circiter 9 mm longae, intus glabrae. Pedicellus bre-
vis, cum ovario 5 mm longus, pilis rufis. Flores circiter 1 cm
longi. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-ellipticum, circiter 1 cm longum,
extus villosum. Sepala lateralia oblongi-triangularia, extus
apud apicem carinata, hirsuta, circiter 1 cm longa, acuta. Pe-
tala linearia, paulo spathulata, obtusa, 9 mm longa, 2.5 mm lata.
Labellum usque ad 12 mm longum (8.5 mm ad apices loborum
lateralium), intus pubescens, unguiculato-cuneatum, prope api-
cem 3-lobatum, lobis lateralibus minutis; lobus medius subreni-
428 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
formis, retusus, 8 mm latus, margins crenulato. In disco utrin-
que callus carinatus circiter 2 mm longus. Mentum 5 mm
longum.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 17, December 2, 1912, 60 m altitude.
“Flowers white, orange-yellow, and pink.”
Eria leytensis is closely allied to E. odorifera Leavitt and E. bina-
bayensis Ames. From the former it differs widely in the foliage and in
having two carinate calli on the disc of the labellum. From the latter
it differs chiefly in the foliage and is more rigid and compact. In the
details of the flower it closely resembles E. binabayensis, both species
having bicarinate labella. In the specimens examined only five pairs of
leaves are present, the lower pairs having fallen away. That part of
the plant which is still leafy rarely exceeds 1.5 dm in length, consequently
a very characteidstic aspect is presented.
3. ERIA WENZELII sp. nov.
Herba epithytica, 40 cm alta, foliosa. Caulis simplex, interno-
diis ±2.5 cm longis. Folia prope summun caudem conferta.
Foliorum vaginae cylindraceae, laxae, supra paulo dilatatae,
intemodiis aequilongae, glabrae: laminae crassae, ±8 mm lon-
gae, in sicco 1.2 mm latae, valde coriaceae, rigidae, semi-teretes,
sulcatae, valde acutae, ascendentes. Inflorescentiae oppositifo-
liae circiter 2 cm longae, pedunculo breve, uniflorae. Bracteae
4 vel 5, conspicuae, lineari-lanceolatae, acutae, glabrae, usque
ad 12 mm longae, circiter 2.5 mm latae, erectae vel dependentes.
Flos albidus circiter 11 mm longus, conspicuus, prope summum
caulem ortus; pedicellus glabrus cum ovario 1 cm longus. Sep-
ala lateralia 10-11 mm longa, lanceolata, subfalcata, acuta, men-
tum brevem formantia. Sepalum dorsale oblongum, obtusum vel
subacutum, circiter 11 mm longum, usque ad 4.5 mm latum.
Petala ovato-lanceolata, obtusa, membranacea, inaequaliter cre-
nulata, 11 mm longa, circiter 5 mm lata. Labellum, basi bre-
viter unguiculato, 3-lobatum, 7-8 mm longum, suborbiculare, 7
mm latum. Lobi laterales valde obtusi, incurvi vel subfalcati,
2 mm longi, 2.5 mm lati. Lobus medius incrassatus, subquad-
ratus, valde obtusus, margine subcrispato, calli vel carinae 3,
in disco carina valde incrassata, elevata; prope sinus loborum,
calli duo, complanati, obtusi, subdentiformes, prope basim la-
belli tuberculum. Gynostemium crassum in pedem 3 mm lon-
gum productum. Mentum 4 mm longum.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel 19, December 10, 1912, 60 m above sea level.
Eria Wenzelii in general aspect resembles E. fastigatifolia. In the
characters of the inflorescence it is nearer Eria bracteolata (Kranzl.)
(Trichotosia bracteolata Kranzl. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb. 44 Beibl. 101: 25),
from which it differs in the structure of the labellum.
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 429
BULBOPHYLLUM Thouars
1. BULBOPHYLLUM (§ SESTOCHILOS) AEOLIUM sp. nov.
Rhizoma longe repens. Pseudobulbi erecti, cylindracei, in
sicco valde rugosi, usque ad 7 cm longi, in sicco ±.1 mm in cras-
situdine, ±12 cm distantes, leviter fastigati, juniores vagina
permagna inclusi, monophylli. Folium coriaceum in sicco sub-
chartaceum, elliptico-oblongum, acutum, plurinervium, nerviis
transversaliis innumeris, cum petiolo circiter 27 cm longum, 6-7
cm latum. Petiolus sulcatus, circiter 2 cm longus. Scapus folio
brevior, circiter 12 cm longus, erectus, paucibracteatus, brac-
teis infundibuliformibus ±1 cm longis. Flores 4 vel 5, conferti,
racemo in umbellarn constricto, speciosi. Bracteae inflorescen-
tiae lanceolatae, confertae, circiter 1 cm longae, 5 mm latae, viri-
des, pedicello multo breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 2.5
cm longus, arcuatus, glabrus, in sicco circiter 1 mm in diametro.
Sepala petalaque vix patentia. Sepala lateralia 2.3-3 cm longa,
usque ad 11 mm lata, falcata, triangulari-lanceolata, sensim
longe acuminata, acuta, prope apicem leviter carinata, condup-
licata. Sepalum dorsale circiter 3 cm longum, oblongi-lanceo-
latum, sensim acuminatum, acutum. Petala sepalis multo bre-
viora, 1.4 cm longa, circiter 8 mm lata, triangulari-lanceolata,
abrupte acuminata, valde acuta. Labellum 8-10 mm longum,
supra medium valde deflexum, infra medium orbiculare, explana-
tum fere 1 cm latum, prope apicem conduplicatum, carinatum,
ad basim profunde cordatum. Pes columnae 12 mm longus, valde
elongatus, obcuneatus, prope basim labelli fastigatus et atten-
uatus, lineae tres paulum elevatae. Columna crassa, antice
auriculis obtusis.
Leyte, Dagami, Bur. Sci. 15391 Ramos, August, 1912. Luzon, Rizal
Province, near Antipolo, Juan Reillo (Hb. Ames 13223), July, 1912.
In general habit similar to Bulbophyllum uniflorum Hassk. The color
of the flowers was not recorded by the collector but in dried specimens
appears to have been yellowish-brown or yellow tinged with red. The
flowers in general aspect recall B. Cheiri Lindl. but are smaller and are
borne in umbel like clusters, suggesting § Cirrhopetalum.
2. BULBOPHYLLUM DISSOLUTUM sp. nov.
Rhizoma elongatum, longe repens, circiter 1 mm in diametro.
Pseudobulbi oblique depressi, cylindracei vel anguste pyriformes,
superne paulatim fastigati, in sicco valde rugosi (tetragoni?)
13-16 mm longi, prope basim circiter 5 mm in diametro, remoti,
10-15 cm distantes, raro 5 cm distantes, monophylli. Folium
oblongi-ellipticum, ad apicem aequaliter obtuse 2-dentatum, coria-
ceum, prope basim attenuatum, vix petiolatum, 3-4.2 cm longum,
430 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
7-9 mm latum. Scapi foliis breviores, graciles, subfiliformes,
erecti, vel ascendentes, ±3.7 cm longi, a basi pseudobulbi et a
rhizomate inter pseudobulbos orti, uniflori, ad basim bracteis
tubularibus. Flores purpurei, in sicco atro-purpurei. Pedicel-
lus cum ovario circiter 7 mm longus, gracilis, bractea infundi-
bulformi ad basim. Sepala lateralia oblongi-elliptica, obtusa,
±7-nervia, 6 mm longa, circiter 3 mm lata, mentum obtusum
formantia. Sepalum dorsale ellipticum, obtusum ±7-nervium,
6 mm longum, 5 mm latum. Petala sepalis multo breviora, tri-
angularia, attenuata, obtusa, uninervia, margine eroso, 3 mm
longa, circiter 1.25 mm lata. Labellum 3.5 mm longum, cras-
sum, lingulatum, obtusum, vix trilobum, lobis lateralibus rotun-
datis, erectis, ad basim minute bituberculatum vel utrinque callo
papilliform!. Columna brevis, antice utrinque aristata.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 15069 Ramos, June
13, 1912.
One of the most noticeable characteristics of this very distinct species
is the great distance by which the pseudobulbs are separated on the elong-
ated rhizome. Near the growing point of the rhizome the bulbs are
closer together than on the maturer portions.
3. BULBOPHYLLUM FENIXII sp. nov.
Herba epithytica, compacta. Radices numerosae, graciles.
Pseudobulbi conferti, ±1 cm distantes, pyriformes, rugosi, de-
press!, saepe curvati, in sicco saepe cylindracei, superne paul-
atim fastigati, 4-7 mm longi, circiter 4 mm in diametro prope
basim. Folium oblongi-ellipticum, coriaceum, acutum, vix petio-
latum, usque ad 3 cm longum, circiter 1 cm latum. Scapi fili-
formes, graciles, folio longiores, erecti, ±5 cm longi, uniflori.
Flores flavidi. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 9 mm longus,
gracilis, curvatus, sepalis longior. Sepala lateralia anguste ellip-
tica, 3-nervia, glabra, 6 mm longa, circiter 3 mm lata, obtusa vel
subacuta, petalis multo longiora. Sepalum dorsale simile, circiter
5 mm longum, 3-nervium, acutum. Petala uninervia circiter 3
mm longa, oblongi-lanceolata, subacuta. Labellum lingulatum,
obtusum, 3-nervium, glabrum, petalis longius, sepalis brevius.
Columna utrinque longe aristata.
Babuyanes Islands, Camiguin, Bur. Sci. ^138 Fenix, July 16, 1907.
4. BULBOPHYLLUM MEARNSII nom. nov.
Bulbophyllum carinatum Ames in Philip. Journ. Sci. 7 (1912) Bot.
140, non Cogn.
6. BULBOPHYLLUM (§ MON ANTHAPARVA) PERAMOENUM sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica. Rhizoma elongatum, pergracile, vix 0.5
mm in diametro, ad nodos radicans. Pseudobulbi pyriformes,
valde rugosi, remoti, 1-2 cm distantes, circiter 5 mm alti, ad
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 431
basim 3 mm in diametro, oblique depressi vel erecti, saepe cur-
vati, superne paulatim fastigati. Folium lineari-lanceolatum,
usque ad 3 cm longum, 2-5 mm latum, coriaceum, ad apicem
rotundatum, minute apiculatum, in sicco nervosum, ad basim at-
tenuatum, vix petiolatum. Scapi filiformes, pergraciles, erecti,
a basi pseudobulbi et a rhizomate inter pseubulbos orti, uniflori.
Flores atropurpurei, circiter 5 mm longi. Pedicellus cum ovario
circiter 2 mm longus. Sepala lateralia oblongi-triangularia vel
oblonga, prope apicem sensim acuminata, valde acuta, 3-nervia,
5 mm longa, circiter 1.5 mm lata, ad basim mentum brevem
formantia. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala lanceolata sensim
longe acuminata, subcaudata, 4 mm longa, uninervia, sepalis
multo breviora. Labellum 2 mm longum, atropurpureum in
sicco, 3-lobatum, cuneatum, ad basim leviter cordatum vel auri-
culatum; lobi laterales vix producti, rotundati, lobus medius 1
mm longus, circiter 0.5 mm latus, crassus, valde obtusus, minute
papulosus. Per medium labellum carina longitudinalis, incras-
sata, fere ad apicem lobi medii producta. Columna erecta, antice,
utrinque aristata.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, Sax River, Merrill 8271, November
28, 1911.
Bulbophyllum peramoenum is closely related to B. Toppingii, from
which it is to be distinguished by the auriculate or cordate base of the
labellum, the elongated, thickened keel on the disc and by the color of
the flowers. The flowers of B. Toppingii are yellowish.
6. BULBOPHYLLUM (§ RACEMOSAE) REILLOl sp. nov.
Rhizoma crassum. Pseudobulbi nulli vel minuti. Folium
longipetiolatum, coriaceum, oblongum, utrinque attenuatum, in
sicco nervosum, cum petiolo circiter 3 dm longum, 3.3-3. 7 cm
latum, sensim in petiolum contractum ; lamina ad basim cuneata.
Petiolus prof unde sulcatus, rigidus, ±7 cm longus, prope basim
teres. Scapus petiolo longitudine fere aequalis vel longior, den-
siflorus, erectus, bracteatus, bracteis complanatis imbricatis ±1
cm longis infra racemum. Scapus cum racemo usque ad 9 cm
longus. Racemus vix 5 cm longus, flores albidi, ascendentes, cir-
citer 5 mm longi. Bracteae inflorescentiae lanceolatae, acumi-
natae, acutae, circiter 3 mm longae, pedicellis longiores. Sepala
lateralia vix patentia, mentum brevem obtusum formantia,
oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, subfalcata, 3.5-4 mm longa. Sepalum
dorsale concaviusculum, oblongum, obtusum, usque ad 4 mm
longum, leviter carinatum. Petala oblongi-elliptica, conspicue
uninervia, ad apicem carinata et incrassata. Labellum lingula-
tum, camosum, obtusum 3 mm longum, supra medium convexum.
432
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
infra medium sulcatum, ad basim rotundatum et bicallosum.
Call! breviter carinati. Columna antice bicuspidata.
Luzon, Laguna Province, Juan Reillo {Hb. Ames 1S240), June 20,
1912.
The type consists of two leaves and two flower spikes apparently
broken from the same rhizome. The pseudobulbs are reduced to mere
swellings on the rhizome as in Bulbophyllum dasypetalum Rolfe. Unfor-
tunately the flowers are not fully matured. B. Reilloi is distinct from
all other species of the Philippines through its short flower shoots which
hardly exceed in length the slender, rigid, erect petioles of the elongated,
very coriaceous leaves.
7. BULBOPHYLLUM (§ MON ANTH APARVA) TOPPINGII sp. nov.
Rhizoma repens, elongatum. Pseudobulbi pyriformes, valde
rugosi in sicco, 5-7 mm longi, superne attenuati, ad basim ±3 mm
in diametro, 1-1.5 cm distantes, oblique depressi vel erecti.
Folium oblongi-lanceolatum vel lineari-lanceolatum, sensim at-
tenuatum, ad apicem apiculatum, 1.9-3 cm longum, 3.5-5 mm lat-
um, in sicco vix coriaceum. Petiolus dz3 mm longus, sulcatus.
Scapi filiformes bractea tubulari ad basim, 2-3 cm longi, erecti,
a basi pseudobulbi et a rhizomate in medio inter pseudobulbos
ortis, uniflori. Flores vix 5 mm longi (deflexi?). Sepala late-
ralia elongata, lineari-triangularia, 3-nervia, 4.75 mm longa,
circiter 1 mm lata, sensim longe attenuata, valde acuta, mentum
brevem formantia. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala pergracilia,
uninervia, lineari-lanceolata, sensim longe attenuata, in caudam
filiformen elongata, 3.75 mm longa, circiter 5 mm lata, ad basim
leviter rotundata. Labellum 2 mm longum, cuneatum, superne
dilatatum, glabrum, deinde 3-lobatum, lobi laterales vix producti,
rotundati, lobus medius triangularis, obtusus, incrassatus, 0.5
mm longus, minute et dense papulosus. Per medium labellum
carina longitudinalis, gnomoni solari similis, prope basim orta.
Columna brevis, antice utroque ad apicem processus setiformis.
Luzon, Benguet Subprovince, Sablan Trail, D. Le Roy Topping e. n.,
January, 1909.
Bullbophylluni Toppingii is a near relative of B. exile Ames from which
it differs in the form and general structure of the labellum. The labellum
of B. Toppingii is smooth, cuneate near the base, near the apex trun-
cate-apiculate, or three lobed with the lateral lobes hardly produced.
The callus on the disc of the labellum might be described as triangular,
long decurrent in front.
8. BULBOPHYLLUM (SESTOCH I LOS) WENZELII sp. nov.
Rhizoma repens, crassum, circiter 3 mm in diametro, in sicco
rugosum, abunde radicans, bracteatus, bracteis laxis tubularibus,
dilatatis circiter 8 mm longis. Pseudobulbi oblique depressi,
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 433
saepicule erecti, curvati, in sicco valde rugosi, subcylindracei,
superne fastigati, d=2 cm longi, ad basim circiter 8 mm
in crassitudine, juniores vagina obtecti, monophylli. Folium
oblongi-ellipticum, acutum, valde coriaceum, breviter petiolatum,
utrinque attenuatum, lamina 8-11 cm longa, 1.8-2.3 cm lata, plu-
rinervia. Petiolus sulcatus, vix 1 cm longus. Scapus erectus,
uniflorus, folio multo brevior, 3-6 cm longus, bracteatus, bracteis
subfoliaceis, 1 cm longis. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 1 cm
longus. Flores purpurei, flavidi et virides. Sepala lateralia
petalaque vix patentia, sepalum dorsale erectum vel inclinatum.
Sepala lateralia circiter 11 mm longa, 9 mm lata, mentum bre-
vem obtusum formantia, late ovata, acuta, abrupte acuminata,
crassa, ad apicem breviter et leviter carinata, purpurea et fla-
vida. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-lanceolatum, 1.4 cm longum,
circiter 6 mm latum, acutum, crassum, purpureum, 7-nervium.
Petala oblongi-lanceolata, 11 mm longa, circiter 5 mm lata, acuta.
Labellum carnosum, purpureum et flavidum, lingulatum, margine
infra medium denticulate, apex labelli valde deflexus, incrassa-
tus, flavidus, obtusus, subtus ad basim labelli utrinque callus
carnosus, flavidus. Discus minute puberulus. Pes columnae
valde elongates, 1 cm longus, purpureus. Columna carnosa, an-
tice, ad medium brachiis elongatis, 3 mm longis, ad apicem dila-
tatis, valde obtusis.
Leyte: Dagami, C. A. Wenzel s. n., September 30, 1912. Epiphyte,
60 m altitude (Hb. Ames 13663).
The collector described the flowers in his field notes as purple, yellow,
and green, with a pronounced raspberry odor. In the above description the
colors are given as seen in a dried flower which appeared to have lost very
little of its coloring.
9. BULBOPHYLLUM ZAMBALENSE Ames in Philip. Journ. Sci. 7 (1912)
Bot. 134.
The original description of this species was taken from a single specimen
with very narrow leaves. Additional material from Bontoc Subprovince,
unquestionably referable to B. zambalense, has leaves 8 cm long and 9
mm wide. The large, imbricating, scarious, sheath-like bracts at the base
of the scape are quite characteristic, in some examples partially concealing
the lowermost flower of the raceme. In fresh specimens the leaves must
be very fleshy and rigid.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Father M. Vanoverbergh 2286, January,
1913.
10. BULBOPHYLLUM (§ CIRRHOPETALUM ) ZAMBOANGENSE sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica. Radices numerosae, fibrosae. Rhizoma
repens, circiter 2 mm in diametro. Pseudobulbi conferti vel re-
moti, tetragoni, in sicco rugosi, 1.5-2 cm longi, obpyriformes,
flavidi, prope apicem paulatim fastigati. Folium oblongi-ellip-
434 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
ticum, ad apicem minute inaequaliter obtuse bilobum, valde
coriaceum, breviter petiolatum, rugosum in sicco, 4-6 cm Ion-
gum, 12-20 mm latum, erectum. Scapus foliis multo longior,
gracilis, lateralis, paucivaginatus, usque ad 1.5 cm longus, vaginis
tubularibus. Bracteae inflorescentiae parvulae. Flores pur-
purei, racemo in umbellam contracto. Pedicelli graciles cum
ovario 5-6 mm longi. Sepala lateralia usque ad apicem cohaeren-
tia ad basim libera, oblonga, elongata, obtusa, 11-12 mm longa,
margine exteriore valde revoluta. Sepalum dorsale valde dis-
simile, ovato-lanceolatum, in caudam filiformem contractum, cir-
citer 9 mm longum, 2 mm latum, margine longe hirsute et pubes-
cente cetera puberulum. Petala lineari-lanceolata vel elongata,
lineari-triangularia, margine pubescente et hirsute, in caudam
filiformem contracta, circiter 7 mm longa, l~nervia. Labellum
lingulatum, curvatum, 2 mm longum, subtus carinatum, prope
basim bicallosum. Columna brevis, antice stelidia aristata.
Anthera integerrima.
Mindanao, Zamboanga, For. Bur. 9165 Whitford & Hutchinson, December
9, 1907, on tree trunks, altitude above sea level 20 m.
Bulbophyllum zamboangense is closely related to B. Cumingii Reichb. f.
It is in part distinguishable by the smaller flowers.
THECOSTELE Reichenbach f.
THECOSTELE ELMER! comb. nov.
Pholidota Elmeri Ames in Elm. Leafl. Philip. Bot. 5 (1912) 1557.
Additional material from Leyte received from C. A. Wenzel convinces
me that Elmer’s specimens from Palawan {Elmer 12971) should be referred
to Thecostele.
Leyte, Dagami, on trees, 60 m above sea level, flower odorless, white
and purple, C. A. Wenzel 36, November 10, 1912.
LUIS! A Gaudichaud
LUISIA TERETIFOLIA Gaudich.
Camiguin de Mindanao, Bur. Sci. IHH Ramos, March-April, 1912.
PHALAENOPSIS Blume
PHALAENOPSIS MARIAE Burbidge.
This endemic species has been collected both in Luzon and Mindanao
and is readily distingaiished from P. Lueddemanniana by its many flowered
elongated inflorescence. The scape equals or exceeds the leaves and the
flowers are smaller than in P. Lueddemanniana. R. C. McGregor described
the flowers of specimens gathered by him in Luzon as follows : “88 blossoms
all open on one plant. FI. stalk with 8 to 15 blossoms, petals pale-yellow
with heavy spots tending to bars of burnt-carmine. Central part mostly
violet-purple, upper part of center white with two dots of yellow.”
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, vicinity of Dupax, Bur. Sci.
11136, lim McGregor, March-April 1912. Mindanao, Distrct of Davao,
A. Loher 6011, determined by R. A. Rolfe.
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 435
SACCOLABIUM Blume
1. SACCOLABIUM CONFUSUM sp. nov.
Habitu S. ■luzonensis baud dissimilis a quo tamen floribus
difFert. Herba epiphytica. Radices fibrosae, copiosae, elonga-
tae. Caulis abbreviatus, usque ad 3 cm longus, radicans. Folia
disticha, oblongi-Ianceolata, ad basim cuneata, attenuata, ad
apicem inaequaliter et obtuse biloba, usque ad 7 cm longa, 1-1.3
cm lata, coriacea, conferta, vaginis persistentibus caulem obte-
gentibus. Pedunculi laterales foliis breviores, inferne teretes,
superne complanati, alati, paucibracteati, bracteis tubularibus
1 mm longis. Flores in racemo laxo dispositi. Bracteae inflor-
escentiae rigidae, triangulari-cymbiformes, acutae, circiter 1 njm
longae, pedicellis breviores. Pedicellus cum ovario circiter 7
mm longus, gracilis, glabrus. Sepala lateralia membranacea,
oblanceolata, 1 cm longa, 3 mm lata, extra ad apicem cuspide
minuta. Sepalum dorsale simile, subconformia. Petala spa-
thulata, vel oblanceolata, obtusa, 1 cm longa, 2.75 mm lata,
membranacea, usque ad basim attenuata, 3-nervia. Labellum
crassum, abbreviatum, breviter saccatum, 6 mm longum, lobi
laterales minuti, rotundati, subauriculiformes, lobus medius
linguiformis, inflatus, circiter 6 mm longus, obtusus. Saccus
obtusus, scrotiformis 2 mm longus, obtusus. Columna brevis,
crassa, apoda, exalata. Pollinia 2, subglobosa.
Luzon, Laguna Province, J. S. Serrato s. n., September, 1912.
This species and the next resemble each other so closely in habit that
a study of the floral differences is necessary to make identification abso-
lutely sure. Both species were mingled by the collector.
2. SACCOLABIUM LUZONENSE sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, floribus albidis parvulis, caulibus foliatis
abbreviatis erectis. Caulis circiter 1 cm longus, vaginis foli-
orum caulem obtegentibus. Folia ±5 cm longa, circiter 11 mm
lata, inaequaliter lanceolata, saepe falcata, inaequaliter 2-dentata,
coriacea, utrinque attenuata. Pedunculi laterales, simplices,
glabri, paucibracteati. Flores mediocres, circiter 7 mm longi,
in racemo laxo, paucifloro, dispositi. Sepala petalaque patentia,
libera. Rhachis incrassatus, complanatus, bracteis carnosis tri-
angulari-cymbiformibus, 1 mm longis, acutis, rigidis, distichis.
Pedicellus cum ovario usque ad 11 mm longus, glabrus, gracilis,
ascendens. Sepala lateralia oblonga, 7 mm longa, 2.5 mm lata,
extra ad apicem cuspide minuta. Sepalum dorsale simile.
Petala oblonga, acuta, 6.5 mm longa, circiter 2 mm lata, mem-
branacea. Labellum 5-6 mm longum, trilobum, basi calcaratum,
membranaceum. Lobus medius triangularis, margine irregula-
436 The Philippine Journal of Science isis
riter et inaequaliter dentato, acutus, ±3 mm longus, infra medium
2 mm latus, ecallosus; lobi laterales obtusi, rotundati, callosi.
Calli carnosi, elevati, in auriculas crassas et obtusas ad basim
labelli producti. Calcar cylindraceum, obtusum, vix ad apicem
dilatatum, usque ad 7 mm longum, intus glabrum; discus ad os
calcaris incrassatus. Columna brevis, crassa, apoda, exalata;
pollinia 2, subglobosa, integra. Capsula elongata.
Luzon, Laguna Province, J. S. Serrato, s. n., September, 1912.
The denticulate middle lobe suffices to distinguish this from the pre-
ceding species. Also the long cylindric spur is characteristic.
TAENIOPHYLLUM Blume
TAENIOPHYLLUM COPELANDII sp. nov.
Radices crassae, affluens, elongatae, 2 mm latae, glabrae, qua-
quaversae. Caules nulli. Scapi breves, pauciflori, erecti, cir-
citer 1 cm longi, prope medium bractea infundibuliformi 1 mm
longa. Flores albidi. Sepala lateralia 3 mm longa, 1.25 mm
lata, oblonga, subacuta, uninervia. Sepalum dorsale simile,
obtusum. Petala 3 mm longa, 1 mm lata, obtusa, oblonga, sub-
spathulata, uninervia. Labellum saccatum integerrimum, antice
lanceolatum, subacutum, 2 mm longum, callo cucullato prope
apicem. Saccum 1.5 mm longum, obtusum, scrotiforme.
Mindanao, District of Davao, E. B. Copeland 339, March 5, 1904.
Taeniophyllum Copelandii is a copiously rooting species, the roots form-
ing a dense mat on the bark of trees. The scapes, several arising from
each plant, are very short and from dried material appear to bear at most
two, inconspicuous, white flowers, which persist on the elongated fusiform
capsules. The sepals are free for the most part, the upper one appearing
to be lightly adherent to the petals. The labellum is simple, strongly sac-
cate, and in front produced into a lanceolate plate near the end of which
is a minute callus which in dried specimens appears to have been cucullate,
with its sides slightly decurrent on the disc of the labellum.
THRIXSPERMUM Loureiro
1. THRIXSPERMUM MINDANAENSE sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, pusilla, usque ad apicem foliorum 4-8 cm
alta. Caulis abbreviatus, foliatus, 1-1.5 cm, longus. Folia
disticha, oblonga, falcata vel subfalcata, utrinque attenuata, in-
aequaliter biloba, lobis subacutis, 2-7.5 cm longa, vix 1 cm lata,
in sicco nervosa, vaginis persistentibus caulem obtegentibus.
Pedunculi hispiduli, laterales, foliis breviores, saepe longiores,
graciles, usque ad 5.5 cm longi, paucibracteati. Racemi abbre-
viati rhachide incrassato. Bracteae inflorescentiae rigidae, vix
1 mm longae, squamiformes, pedicello breviores, acutae, conca-
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes o?i Philippine Orchids 437
viusculae. Pedicellus glabrus, cum ovario 5-6 mm longus, gra-
cilis. Flores albescentes. Sepala lateralia circiter 3 mm longa
vel usque ad 4 mm longa, vix 2 mm lata, inaequaliter lanceolata,
ad basim cuneata, supra medium attenuata, acuta, ad apicem
incrassata vel subtus subcarinata prope apicem, 3-nervia. Sepa-
lum dorsale quam lateralia multo angustius, oblongi-lanceolatum,
concaviusculum, circiter 3.5 mm longum, vix 1.5 mm latum.
Petala cuneato-spathulata, obtusa, sensim angustata usque ad
basim, 3.5-4 mm longa, circiter 1 mm lata. Labellum unguicu-
latum, protumidum, simile Sarcochilo emarginato Reichb. f . ; lobi
laterales erecti, oblongi, obtusi, 1.5 mm longi, vix 1 mm lati,
membranacei : columna crassa, circiter 1 mm longa.
Mindanao, Prov. Ag-usan, Butuan, C. M. Weber 139, June 3, 1911
(i/6. Ames 12581).
2. THRIXSPERMUM PH I LI PPI N ENSE sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica. Caulis abbreviatus, usque ad 2.5 cm longus.
Folia coriacea, 6.5-15 cm longa, 1.5-2 cm lata, articulata, oblonga,
vel oblongi-lanceolata, ad apicem valde et inaequaliter biloba,
utrinque attenuata, saepe falcata, disticha, conferta, ±7, vaginis
persistentibus caulem obtegentibus. Pedunculi laterales foliis
breviores, hispiduli, ±7 cm longi, gracili, erecti, paucibracteati,
bracteis tubularibus, vix 2 mm longis, superne dilatati et com-
planati. Flores in racemo laxo paucifloro dispositi, circiter 2
cm longi. Bracteae inflorescentiae rigidae, pedicellis breviores.
Pedicellus, cum ovario, gracilis, vix 1.5 cm longus. Sepala late-
ralia oblongi-lanceolata, acuta, 1 cm longa, 3.5 mm lata, ad basim
mentum brevem formantia. Sepalum dorsale oblongi-ellipticum
1 cm longum vix 3 mm latum. Petala oblonga, obtusa, 9 mm
longa, circiter 2 mm lata. Labellum pedi columnae afiixum, pro-
tumidum, 3-lobatum; lobi laterales erecti, petaloidei, oblongi,
obtusi, 4 mm longi, 1.5 mm lati, vix 2 mm lati, ad basim lobi
utriusque lateralis in margine interiore callus minutus vel papilla.
Lobus medius dentiformis. Saccum protumidum 8 mm longum
usque ad pedem columnae, obtusum, complanatum. Columna
generis. Capsula elongata circiter 8 cm longa, in sicco ±2 mm
in diametro.
Luzon, Laguna Province, J. S. Serrato s. n., September, 1912. “Flowers
whitish-yellow”.
The general form of the flower, especially of the labellum recalls
ThHxspermum pallidum which is a larger species.
From the material examined T. philippinense is rather common in Luzon.
Outside of Luzon specimens from Mindanao, Mindoro and from the Island
of Polillo have been identified.
438
The Philippine Journal of Science
191J
3. THRIXSPERMUM VANOVERBERGH 1 1 sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, carnosa, rigida. Caulis abbreviatus, ±2 cm
longus, complanatus, foliosus. Folia disticha, conferta, coriacea,
in sicco valde rugosa, 3-8 cm longa, zhl cm lata, sensim angustata
usque ad apicem, saepe falcata, lanceolata vel lineari-lanceolata,
ad apicem inaequaliter 2-dentata, margine prope apicem irregu-
lariter dentato (in sicco) vel crenulato, vaginis persistentibus
caulem obtegentibus. Pedunculi laterales, graciles, glabri, non
hispiduli, foliis longiores, 4-11 cm longi, 1- vel 2-bracteati. Rha-
chis inflorescentiae incrassatus, bracteis imbricantibus, confertis,
triangulari-cymbiformibus, rigidis, acutis, patentibus. Flores
succedanei, abidi et flavidi, membranacei. Pedicellus cum ovario
±4 mm longus, glabrus, bracteis multo longior. Sepala lateralia
mentum obtusum formantia, usque ad 7 mm longa, ±4 mm lata,
subelliptica, obtusa, Sepalum dorsale elliptico-lanceolatum, sub-
acutum, circiter 7 mm longum, 4 mm latum, concaviusculum.
Petala subspathulata, obtusa, 6 mm longa, vix 3 mm lata. La-
bellum circiter 5 mm longum, submembranaceum, cassidiforme,
breviter unguiculatum, pedi columnae affixum, protumidum; lobi
laterales rotundati, lobi utriusque lateralis in margine interiore
callus erectus: lobus medius minutus vel obsoletus, antice intus
appendicula comosa ascendente. Columna generis.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Bauco, Father M. Vanoverbergh 1792, Nov-
ember 10, 1912.
4. THRIXSPERMUM AMPLEXICAULE (Bl.) Reichb. f. Xen. Orch. 2:121,
This interesting plant vrhich has been ascribed to the Philippines through
Cuming’s collection numbered 2056 belongs to a small group of species
well characterized by the thickened rhachis of the inflorescence and the
ephemeral flowers. The ovate-cordate leaves, which at their bases embrace
the slender stems, are persistent, 2.5 cm apart. The flowers are white and
deep-purple. The specimens collected by McGregor were found growing
among grasses in bogs.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, vicinity of Dupax, Bur. Sci. 11H3,
McGregor, March, 1912.
CAMAROTIS Lindley
CAMAROTIS PHILIPPINENSIS Lindl. in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot. 3 (1859)
37.
Sarcochilus philippinensis Vid. Rev. PI. Vase. Filip. (1886) 271.
The original description of this plant is so inadequate that a
redescription may prove serviceable.
Plant epiphytic, 30-50 cm high. Stems rigid, concealed by
the sheathing bases of the leaves, 6 mm thick, rooting. Leaves
distichous, coriaceous, ligulate, unequally bilobed at the tip, ob-
tuse, 13-15 cm long, about 2 cm wide, sheathing bases slightly
VIII, c, 6 Ames: Notes on Philippine Orchids 439
dilated above, 2.5-3 cm long. Peduncles to the tip of the ra-
ceme 17-20 cm long, arising from near the summit of the stem,
ascending, with about four tubular bracts 4-5 mm long. Raceme
loosely flowered, about 1 dm long with scale-like bracts sub-
tending the flowers. Pedicels and ovary 1 cm long, slender.
Flowers yellow, somewhat triangular in the bud. Lateral sepals
oblong-spathulate, obtuse, deflexed, 9 mm long, 4 mm wide, fleshy.
Upper sepal elliptic-oblong, obtuse. Petals oblong, obtuse, 8 mm
long, about 3 mm wide. Labellum fleshy, rigid, 4 mm long,
affixed to the base of the column, 3-lobed, subtriangular seen
from the side, the lateral lobes forming the rounded apex of the
triangle; middle lobe minute, fleshy, erect or slightly inflexed,
thickened and obscurely round-toothed at the apex, about 1.5
mm long, lateral lobes rounded in front, fleshy but not so thick
as the rest of the lip. At the apex the lip is divided dorsoven-
trally by a rigid membrane into two shallow compartments; on
each side above the compartments a triangular fleshy pubescent
callus is affixed to the lateral walls of the sac and these call! are
connected by a ridge of elevated tissue which joins a longitudinal,
abbreviated keel at the back, the distal end of which passes into
the dividing wall of the apical compartments. Gynostemium
fleshy, 3 mm long, produced into an elongated beak in front, 4
mm long.
Leyte, Dagami, C. A. Wenzel h, November 25, 1912.
The distinct septum of the labellum appears to be sufficient to place
Camarotis philippinensis in Sarcanthus. Vidal placed this species in Sar-
cochilus but the internal structure of the labellum indicates close relation-
ship with Sarcanthus.
The Sarcanthinae-Aerideae of Pfitzer constitutes a large and puzzling
group of genera several of which may be merged or more liberally broken up
as further studies are made on fresh or alcoholic material.
TRICHOGLOTTIS Blume
1. TRICHOGLOTTIS M I N DAN AENSIS sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica, caules graciles, ±60 cm alti, foliosi, inter-
nodiis 2.5 cm longis. Folia disticha, coriacea, anguste elliptica,
vel oblongi-elliptica, ad apicem inaequaliter biloba, 5-7 cm longa,
usque ad 2.7 cm lata, articulata. Foliorum vaginae cylindraceae
vix complanatae, internodiis aequilongae, supra paulo dilatatae,
rugosae in sicco. Inflorescentiae oppositifoliae. Flores 5, suc-
cedanei, flavidi, purpureo-maculati, carnosi. Pedicellus cum
ovario 1 cm longus. Sepala lateralia oblongi-elliptica, obtusa,
deflexa, 7-8 mm longa, 3.5-4 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale oblan-
ceolatum, obtusum, convexum, 8 mm longum, prope apicem 3 mm
122078 :
440
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
latum, erectum. Petala spathulata vel oblanceolata, ad basim
attenuata, 7.5 mm longa, ascendentia. Labellum 3-lobatum,
breve saccatum, lobis lateralibus brevibus, oblongis, obtusis, 1
mm longis; lobo medio elliptico, obtuso, 4 mm longo, vix 3 mm
lato. Ad basim lobi medii, in disco, appendix 2.5 mm longa,
pilosiuscula, ad apicem bifurcata, ascendens. Gynostemium vix
3 mm longum, minute pubescens.
Mindanao, District of Zamboanga, on tree overhanging a tidal stream,
May 29, 1912, For Bur. 18U29, Foxworthy, Demesa & Villamil.
A very distinct species, differing from all other members of the genus
now known to be natives of the Philippines through the obliquely ascend-
ing bifurcate process which arises from the base of the middle lobe of the
labellum. Between the lateral lobes of the labellum there are two calli,
which in dried specimens are very difficult to understand. The middle
lobe and side lobes of the labellum are smooth on both sides.
2. TRICHOGLOTTIS WENZELII sp. nov.
Herba epiphytica circiter 30 cm alta, rigida. Caules foliosi,
internodiis 1.5-2 cm longis. Foliorum vaginae cylindraceae,
supra paulo dilatatae, internodiis aequilongae, laminae valde
coriaceae, in sicco rugosae, oblongae, 4,5-6 cm longae, circiter
1.5 cm latae, distichae, ad apicem subaequaliter rotundato-bi-
lobae vel retusae. Inflorescentiae oppositifoliae, foliis breviores.
Bracteae rigidae, 2 mm longae. Flores inter maximos generis,
purpureo-maculati, circiter 2 cm in diametro. Sepala lateralia
oblonga, subacuta, ad basim late cuneata, carnosa, 1 cm longa,
6 mm lata. Sepalum dorsale simile. Petala spathulata, 9-10
mm longa, prope apicem 3 mm lata. Labellum breve saccatum,
3-lobatum, lobis lateralibus brevibus, obtusis, utrinque pubescen-
tibus, lobo medio elongate, attenuate, sagittate-lanceolate, apice
attenuate, acute, usque ad 13 mm longo, pubescent!. Callus in
disco, pubescens, Ligula ante foveam pubescens 4 mm longa,
Gynostemium pubescens auriculis elongatis, pilosis, 4 mm longis,
Leyte, Dagami, on trees at a great height, 60 m above sea level, Decem-
ber 8, 1912, C. A. Wenzel 15.
Trichoglottis Wenzelii is a stiff plant with leathery, deeply retuse leaves
which, in the specimens examined, are confined to the upper part of the
stem at flowering time, the lower portion of the stem being sheathed by the
persistent bases of fallen leaves. The flowers which are described as
white, purple, green and yellow by the collector, in dried specimens are
yellowish with purple dots and bands. The labellum is rough in dried
material, densely glandular-hairy, with the lateral lobes much reduced,
together forming a quadrate plate at the base of the sagittate-lanceolate
middle lobe. In front of the lateral lobes at the base of the middle lobe
is a small pubescent callus. The sac at the base of the lip is scarcely more
than a depression. Disc in front of the middle lobe sulcate.
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATE
PLATE XIII
Dendrobium Vanoverberghii Ames. Photograph of a living plant in the
possession of Dr. A. R. Ward, Manila. (Courtesy of the Bureau
of Agriculture, Manila.)
441
Ames: Philippine Orchids: VI.]
[Phil. Journ. Sci., VIII, C, No. 6.
PLATE XIII. DENDROBIUM VANOVERBERGHII AMES.
The Philippine Journal op Science, C. Botany.
VOL. VIII, No. 6, December, 1913.
ENUMERATIO SAPINDACEARUM PHILIPPINENSIUM NOVARUM-
QUE DESCRIPTIO
Auctore L. Radlkofeb
(Munich, Bavaria, Germany)
ABBREVIATIONES
R. in Elm. I =: Radlkofer in Elmer Leaflets Philippine Botany I (1907)
p. 208 sqq.
R. in Elm. V = Radlkofer in Elmer Leaflets Philippine Botany V (1913)
p. 1601 sqq.
R. in Engl. & Pr. = Radlkofer in Engler & Prantl Naturl. Pflanzenfam.
Ill, 5 (1895) p. 312 sqq.
R. in FI. bras. = Radlkofer in v. Martins Flora brasiliensis XIII, 3 (Fasc.
124, 1890) p. 617 sqq.
R. in Perk. = Radlkofer in J. Perkins Fragm. Flor. Philippinae I (1904)
p. 56 sqq.
R. in Ph. J. = Radlkofer in Philippine Journal of Science VI (1911) Bot-
any p. 181 sqq.
R. in S. HoU.-I. = Radlkofer in Ueber die Sapindaceen Holland.-Indiens,
Extrait des Actes du Congres a Amsterdam (1877) p. 1 sqq. Nachtrage
(1878) p. 65 sqq.
R. in Sitz. = Radlkofer in Sitzungsberichte der K. bayer. Acad., II. (math.-
physik.) Classe, XXXVIII (1908) p. 226 sqq. Accedit VIII (1878) p. 299
sqq., XVI (1886) p. 404.
* = species (vel forma) nova, infra descripta.
( * ) = species ex aliis terris nota, e Philippinis nondum vel non recte indi-
cata (adjectis synonymis et collectionibus) .
ENUMERATIO
CARDIOSPERMUM
Halicacabum L.,
var. microcarpum (HBK.) Bl. Ins. Batanes, Luzon, Panay,
Negros Bohol, Palawan. — Distrib.; Regiones tropicae et sub-
tropicae totius orbis.
ALLOPHYLUS
* largifolius Radik, infra n. 1. Mindanao.
unifoliolatus R. in Elm. I. p. 208. Leyte.
* apiocarpus R. infra n. 2. Cebu.
* brevipetiolatus R. infra n. 3. Panay.
* peduncularis R. infra n. 4. Ticao.
simplicifolius R. in Elm. V p. 1601. Mindanao.
* hymenocalyx R. infra n. 6. Mindanao.
443
444
The Philippine Journal of Science
1»18
racemosus (L.) R. in Engl. & Pr. p. 313, in Perk. p. 68. Luzon,
Negros, Mindanao, Basilan, Palawan. — Distr.: Ins. sundaicae, moluc-
canae, Aru, N.-Guinea; Burma, penins. malaica, Indo-China.
ternatus (Forst.) R. in Engl. & Pr. p. 313, in Perk. p. 59. Luzon,
Polillo, Panay, Mindanao, Basilan, Tawi Tawi. — Distr. : Timor,
Celebes, Borneo, Moluccae, Carolinae, N.-Guinea, Neu-Hannover,
ins. Charlottae, Novae Hebrides, N.-Caled., Australia boreali-
orientalis.
* granulatus R. infra n. 6. Luzon.
(*) javensis Bl. Palawan {A. sp. Vidal in Catal. Herb., 1892, p. 62,
coll. n. 2U70) — Distr.: Peninsula et insulae malaicae.
setulosus R. in Perk. p. 59. Mindanao, Balut, Jolo.
leptococcus R. in S. Holl.- I. p. 56. Luzon. — Distr.: Ins. Key.
leucochrous R. (errore “leucocladus”) in Ph. J. p. 181. Polillo.
dasythyrsus R. in Sitz. p. 231. Luzon,
malvaceus R. in Sitz. p. 231. Luzon,
filiger R. in S. Holl.- I. p. 56. Luzon,
macrostachys R. in Perk. p. 56. Luzon, Panay, Leyte,
grossedentatus (Turcz.) F.-Villar. Luzon. — Distr.:? Indo-China (test®
Lecomte).
* chlorocarpus R. infra n. 7. Mindanao (?), Palawan,
timorensis (DC.) Bl. emend. R. in Perk. p. 59. Luzon, Alabat, Min-
doro, Sibuyan, Masbate, Negros, Samar, Bohol, Ubian, Cavilli, Co-
miran, Mangsi. — Distr.: Archipelagus indicum, Papuasia, Micronesia
(a Sumatra usque ad insulas Samoanas et N.-Caledon.) .
leptocladus R. in Elm. V p. 1602. Mindanao,
subinciso-dentatus R. in Elm. V p. 1603. Mindanao,
repando-dentatus R. in Elm. V p. 1603. Mindanao,
dimorphus R. in S. Holl.- I. p. 56, in Perk. p. 56. Luzon. — Distr.:
Indo-China.
quinatus R. in Perk. p. 57. Luzon,
insignis R. in Sitz. p. 234. Luzon, Palawan.
SAPINDUS
Saponaria L.,
f. 3. microcarpus (Jard.) R. in FI. bras. p. 517, in Perk. p. 59.
Luzon. — Distr.: Ins. Marquesas, Societatis, Pitcairn, Paschatis,
Sandwicenses.
ERIOGLOSSUM
rubiginosum (Roxb.) Bl. Rumphia III, 1847, p. 118; R. in Perk. p. 60.
Luzon, Mindoro, Sibuyan, Mabate, Panay, Mindanao, Basilan, Jolo,
Palawan, Balabac. — Distr. : India orientalis, Indo-China, Archipe-
lagus indicum, Australia septentrionali-occidentalis.
APHANIA
philippinensis R. in Perk. p. 60. Luzon, Jolo.
angustifolia R. in Elm. I. p. 209. Leyte.
* Loheri R. infra n. 8. Luzon.
HEBECOCCUS
* inaequalis R. infra n. 9. Cebu.
* falcatus R. infra n. 10. Luzon, Leyte.
VIII, C, 6
Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum
445
LEPISANTHES
* viridis R. infra n. 11. Mindanao,
eriolepsis R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 36. Luzon,
schizolepis R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 87;
f. 1. genuina R. in Perk. p. 60. Babuyanes, Luzon,
f. 2. sphenolepis R. in Perk. p. 60. Luzon.
? Palawan ica R. in Elm. V p. 1604. Palawan.
OTOPHORA
fruticosa (Roxb.) Bl.; R. in Perk. p. 61. Luzon, Mindoro, Panay,
Negros, Cebu, Mindanao, Palawan, Balabac. — Distr. : Java ?, Sum-
bava, Borneo, Celebes, Moluccae, Siam.
* setigera R. infra n. 12. Mindanao,
oliviformis R. in Ph. J. p. 181. Polillo.
TRISTIROPSIS
* subfalcata R. infra n. 13. Basilan.
* oblonga R. infra n. 14. Mindoro,
ovata R. in Elm. V p. 1605. Mindanao.
TRISTIRA
triptera (Bio.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 63. Luzon,
pubescens Merrill;
f. 1. genuina R. infra n. 15. Luzon;
f. 2. hemidasya R. infra n. 15. Luzon.
EUPHORIA
* Longana Lam. Luzon, culta in hort. (Coll. Merrill). — Distr.: China
et culta in India orientali ac reliquis tropicis et subtropicis.
* nephelioides R. infra n. 16. Basilan.
* foveolata R. infra n. 17. Luzon,
gracilis R. in Elm. V p. 1606. Mindanao.
cinerea (Turcz.) R. in Sitz. VIII p. 299, in Perk. p. 61. Luzon,
Mindoro, Mindanao, Malamaui.
stellulata (Turcz.) R. in Sitz. VIII p. 303. Samar, Mindanao. — Distr.:
Borneo.
PSEUDONEPHELIUM
*fumatum (Bl.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 71. Luzon (Coll. W. Klemme n.
66j^7, 6657). — Distr.: Borneo, Perak.
LITCHI
* philippinensis R. infra n. 18;
f. 1. genuina R. 1. c.; Luzon;
* f. 2. mindanaensis R. 1. c. Mindanao.
POMETIA
pinnata Forst. Babuyanes, Mindoro, Ticao, Mindanao. — Distr.: Pe-
ninsula et ins. malaicae, Moluccae, Papuasia, Micronesia.
NEPHELIUM
lappaceum L., R. in Elm. V p. 1616. Palawan. — Distr.: India orien-
talis, archipelagus indicum, Indo-China (et China ?).
chryseum Bl., R. in Elm. V p. 1616. Palawan. — Distr.: Burma, Ma-
lacca, Sumatra, Borneo, Tonkin.
Intermedium R. in Perk. p. 61. Luzon, Mindanao, Jolo.
446
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
robustum R. in Elm. V p. 1607. Palawan.
(*) mutabile Bl. Luzon, Leyte {Cubilia Blancoi, non Bl., Vidal Revis.,
1886, p. 96, coll. n. 10U8, Luzon; Nephelium sp. id. ibid. p. 98, coll.
n. 215, Luzon; accedunt collectiones : Ahern’s collector n. 1119, 290U,
3085, Luzon; Ramos n. 2126, Luzon; Elmer n. 9322, Luzon; Rosen-
bluth n. 12887, Leyte). — Distr. : Peninsula malaica, Sumatra, Java,
Borneo.
xerospermoides R. in Elm. V p. 1608. Mindanao.
ALECTRYON
* inaequilaterus R. infra n. 19. Ubian.
* excisus R. infra n. 20. Tinago.
* ochraceus R. infra n. 21. Negros.
* fuscus R. infra n. 22. Luzon.
CUBILIA
Blancoi (Bio.) Bl. Luzon, Mindanao.
GUlOA
diplopetala (Hassk.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 88, in Perk. p. 63. Min-
danao.— Distr.: Insulae sundaicae, Moluccae, Indo-China.
pleuropteris (Bl.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 39, in Perk. p. 63. Mindanao,
Palawan. — Distr.: Peninsula malaica, Indo-China, Sumatra, Borneo,
salicifolia R. in Elm. V p. 1608. Sibuyan.
aptera R. in Perk. p. 62. Luzon.
lasiothyrsa R. in Perk. p. 63. Luzon, Palawan; f. Elmeri R. in Elm.
V p. 1609. Luzon.
subapiculata R.'in Perk. p. 64. Culion, Palawan.
* falcata R. infra n. 23. Luzon.
* reticulata R. infra n. 24. Luzon.
* sulphurea R. infra n. 25. Luzon,
discolor R. in Elm. V p. 1609. Luzon,
myriadenia R. in Elm. V p. 1610. Luzon.
pubescens (Zoll. & Mor.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 10, 41, in Elm. V p. 1616.
Palawan.— Distr. : Peninsula malaica, Sumatra, Bangka, Java,
glauca (Labill.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 38. Palawan. — Distr.: N.-Cale-
donia.
truncata R. in Elm. V p. 1611. Mindanao.
Perrottetii (Bl.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 38. Luzon, Mindoro, Sibuyan,
Panay, Guimaras, Cebu, Mindanao, Balabac.
* acuminata R. infra n. 26. Luzon.
CUPANIOPSIS
patentivalvis R. in Elm. V p. 1612. Luzon.
GLOEOCARPUS
* crenatus R. infra n. 27. Luzon.
RHYSOTOECHIA
* acuminata R. infra n. 28. Luzon.
* striata R. infra n. 29. Mindanao.
DICTYONEURA
philippinensis R. in Elm. V p. 1613. Mindanao,
rhomboidea R. in Ph. J. p. 182. Polillo.
sphaerocarpa R. in Elm. I, p. 209. Leyte.
VIII, C, 6
Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum
447
TRIGONACHRAS
♦obliqua R. infra n. 30. Luzon.
cultrata (Turcz.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 46. Luzon.
cuspidata R. in Ph. J. p. 182. Polillo.
* rigida R. infra n. 31. Luzon.
* membranacea R. infra n. 32. Ticao, Panay.
brachycarpa R. in Elm. V p. 1614. Mindanao.
* spectabilis R. infra n. 33. Mindanao,
ELATTOSTACHYS
verrucosa (Bl.) R. in S.*Holl.-L pp. 12, 43. Babuyanes, Luzon, Ticao,
Palawan. — Distr. : Java, Celebes, Timor.
ARYTERA
litoral is Bl.; R. in Perk. p. 64. Luzon, Guimaras, Leyte, Mindanao. —
Distr.: Burma, peninsula malaica, Indo-China, insulae sundaicae,
Moluccae, N.-Guinea.
rufescens (Turcz.) R. in S. Holl.-I. p. 44. Luzon, Marinduque, Panay. —
Distr.: Borneo, Celebes.
GONGROSPERMUM
* philippinense R. infra n. 34. Luzon.
MISCHOCARPUS
ellipticus R. in Elm. I, p. 210. Leyte.
fuscescens- Bl.; R. in S. Holl.-I. pp. 12, 43. Luzon, Leyte, Mindanao. —
Distr.: Assam, Burma, Indo-China, Java, Borneo,
salicifolius R. in Perk. p. 64. Luzon,
triqueter R. in Perk. p. 65. Luzon, Guimaras.
*cauliflorus R. infra n. 35. Mindoro.
Bundaicus Bl; R. in Perk. p. 65. Luzon,' Polillo, Mindanao, Jolo. —
Distr.: Peninsula malaica, Indo-China, China, ins. sundaicae, Moluc-
cae, Papuasia, Australia,
endotrichus R. in Elm. V p. 1615. Palawan.
* brachyphyllus R. infra n. 36. Luzon.
LEPIDOPETALUM
Perrottetii Bl.; R. in Perk. p. 66. Luzon, Panay, Mindanao. — Distr.:
Insulae Key, Timorlaut.
PARANEPHELIUM
(*) xestophyllum Miq. Mindanao (Coll. Williams n. 2361). — Distr.:
Burma, Sumatra.
DODONAEA
viscosa Jacq.,
var. a. vulgaris Benth.,
f. 1. repanda R. in FI. bras. p. 646. Luzon, Cebu, Palawan. —
Distr.: Regiones tropicae et subtropicae totius orbis;
f. 3. Burmanniana R. 1. c. Luzon, Mindoro, Mindanao. —
Distr.: Ut f. 1;
var. /3. angustifolia Benth. Luzon. — Distr.: Ut var. a.
GANOPHYLLUM
falcatum Bl. Luzon, Guimaras, Negros, Mindanao. — Distr.: Insulae
Andamanicae, Java, N.-Guinea, Australia orientalis. (G. obliquum
Merrill, c. syn. “Boswellia? obliqua Bio.,” vix recte hue recensita).
448 The Philippine Journal of Science ms
HARPULLIA
* macrocalyx R. infra n. 37. Luzon.
(*) cupanioides Roxb. Panay, Jolo (H. sp. Vidal in Catal. Herb.,
1892, p. 55 coll. n. 2527, Jolo, et. H. confusa Bl. ibid., coll. n. 2529,
Panay). — Distr. : India orientalis, Indo-China, China, insulae sun-
daicae, N.-Guinea.
arborea (Bio.) R. in Sitz. XVI p. 404, in Perk. p. 66. Luzon, Min-
doro, Marinduque, Guimaras, Mindanao, Jolo, Palawan. — Distr.:
India orientalis, Indo-China, Sumatra, Java, Celebes, insulae Salo-
monis et Samoanae.
SPECIES NOVAE
1. ALLOPHYLUS LARGIFOLIUS Radik, in Sitz. K. B. Ac. XXXVIII
(1908) p. 226.
Frutex; rami teretes, glabri, lenticellis albidis lineoliformibus
notati, cortice e viridi cinerescente ; folia 1-foliolata, petiolo me-
diocri supra canaliculate subtus convexo striato minutim pube-
rulo; foliolum largissimum, obovato-ellipticum, apice breviter
obtuse vel acutiuscule acuminatum, basi obtusa petiolulo brevi
cum petiolo articulate insidens, integerrimum, membranaceum,
nervis lateralibus patentibus parum curvatis immo substrictis
ante marginem arcuato-anastomosantibus utrinque prominulis,
pilis minutissimis tactu puberulum, margine sat dense breviter
ciliatum, viride, subtus pallidius, utrinque subopacum, cellulis
secretoriis crebris minutim pellucide punctatum, epidermide non
mucigera; thyrsi simplices, axillares, petioles subduplo superan-
tes, pedunculo perbrevi, dense cincinnigeri, glabriusculi ; cincinni
stipitati, pauciflori; flores magni, conspicue pedicellati; fructus
cocci mediocres, subglobosi, pulverulento-puberuli, basi pilosculi,
virides (Merrill), sicci aurantiaci.
Frutex ad 1 m altus (Merrill). Rami 5 mm crassi. Folia
petiolo 2.5-4 cm longo adjecto 25-35 cm longa, 10-22 cm lata.
Thyrsi 7 cm longi, pedicelli 3-4 mm longi. Alabastra diametro
2.5 mm. Sepala minutim puberula; petala cochleariformia, un-
gue longo villoso, squama barbata ; discus circa petalorum inser-
tiones subciliatus; stamina villosa; germen sub lente puberulum.
Fructus plerumque 2-cocci, coccis 8 mm longis, 6 mm crassis.
In Philippinarum insula Mindanao: Merrill n. 5475 (Zamboanga, prov.
Zamboanga, in declivibus silvosis alt. ±75 m, m. Oct. 1906, flor. et fruct.;
comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
2. ALLOPHYLUS APIOCARPUS Radik, in Sitz. K. B. Ac. XXXVIII
(1908) p. 227.
Frutex; rami teretes, internodiis superioribus abbreviatis,
glabri, usque ad folia summa subere albo obtecti ; folia 1-foliolata,
petiolo brevi supra sulcato pilis brevibus laxe adsperso ; foliolum
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 449
mediocre, oblique rhombeo-ellipticum, breviter obtusiuscule acu-
minatum, basi in petiolulum brevissimum cum petiolo articula-
tum oblique attenuatum, a medio remote dentatum, membrana-
ceum, nervis lateralibus obliquis substrictis utrinque prominulis
superioribus in dentes excurrentibus, laxe reticulato-venosum,
glabrum nec nisi subtus in axillis nervorum pilosulum, saturate
et subaeruginose viride, subtus pallidius, utrinque nitidulum,
epidermide inferiore quoque sat mucigera; thyrsi simplices,
graciles, folia aequantes, curvati, pedunculo sat longo, laxe cin-
cinnigeri, cincinnis sessilibus, glabri; flores mediocres, glabri;
fructus monococcus mediocris, piriformis, basi pluricostatus,
glaber (siccus), aurantiacus.
Rami 2-3 mm crassi. Folia petiolo ad 1.5 cm longo adjecto
15-18 cm longa, 6.5-8.5 lata. Thyrsi 12-18 cm longi, pedunculo
4-6 cm longo. Fructus cocci 9 mm longi, 6 mm crassi, pedicellis
3-4 mm longis.
In Philippinarum insula Cebu: B. Espinosa n. 6120 (m. Sept. 1906,
fruct. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
3. ALLOPHYLUS BREVIPETIOLATUS Radik.
Schmidelia sp. Vidal Cat. Herb. (1892) p. 52, n. 3693.
Rami teretes subflexuosi, internodiis brevibus, glabri, cortice
albido lenticelloso-punctato ; folio 1-foliolata, interdum rudi-
mentis foliolorum lateralium minutis subulatis instructa, petiolo
perbrevi supra sulcato laxe pilosiusculo ; foliolum mediocre,
obovato-ellipticum, apice obtusiusculum vel subemarginatum,
basi obtusum, integerrimum vel supra medium dente uno alterove
obsolete instructum, chartaceum, nervis lateralibus patulis prope
marginem procurvis nervoque mediano valido subtus promi-
nentibus, praeter axillas nervorum subtus barbatas glabrum,
nitidum, subfuscum, utriculis laticiferis ad paginam inferiorem
instructum, epidermide inferiore e cellulis majusculis valde muci-
geris illas epidermidis superioris aequantibus alliisque minoribus
stomatibus vicinis conflata; thyrsi simplices, tertiam foliorum
partem vix aequantes, pedunculo subnullo, rhachi dense cincin-
nigera hispidula; flores parvi, glabri; fructus — (non suppete-
bant) .
Rami 3-4 mm crassi, internodiis superioribus 0.5-1 cm, infe-
rioribus 2-3 cm longis. Folia petiolo 5-8 mm longo adjecto
12-18 cm longa, 4-7 cm lata. Thyrsi ad 5 cm longi, pedunculo
vix 0.5 cm longo. Alabastra diametro 1 mm.
In Philippinarum insula Panay: Vidal n. 3693 (Miagao, prov. Ilo-ilo,
flor.; Hb. Kew.-In Cat. Herb. 1. c. ins. Balabac indicata est).
191S
450 The Philippine Journal of Science
4. ALLOPHYLUS PEDUNCULARIS Radik.
Schmidelia sp. Vidal Cat. Herb. (1892) p. 52, n. 3716! 3740!
Frutex sat altus ; rami teretes, stricti, glabri, cortice mox albes-
cente lenticelloso ; folia 1-foliolata, interdum rudimentis foliolo-
rum lateralium minutissimis subulatis instructa, petiolo brevi
supra complanato et parce puberulo ; foliolum mediocre, ovali- vel
oblongo-lanceolatum, breviter obtuse acuminatum, remotiuscule
obtuse dentatum, basi subacutum, submembranaceum, nervis
lateralibus obliquis in dentes excurrentibus, glabrum, laeve, nitid-
ulum, supra lividum, subtus primum viride nervis albidis, dein
rubro-fuscum, cellulis secretoriis crebris, sed parvis (vix puncta
pellucida efficientibus) instructum, epidermide inferiore quoque
mucigera; thyrsi simplices, foliola nunc dimidia, nunc tota
aequantes, pedunculo rhachin aequante vel paullo superante,
rhachi dense cincinnigera striata laxe puberula; flores parvuli,
glabri, fructus — (non suppetebant) .
Frutex 2-metralis ; rami 2-3 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 1-2 cm
longo adjecto 12-18 cm longa, 5-7 cm lata. Thyrsi 6-18 cm
longi, pedunculo 3-10 cm longo.
In Philippinarum insulis Ticao et Masbate: Vidal n. 3716, 37^0 (Ticao,
fl. ; Hb. Kew.-In Cat. Herb. 1. c. ins. Paragua indicata est) ; R. Rosenbluth
n. 1266 (Masbate, m. Apr. 1909, fl.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
5. ALLOPHYLUS HYMENOCALYX Radik, in Sitz. K. B. Ac. XXXVIII
(1908) p. 229.
Arbor parva vel frutex; rami teretes, extimo apice thyrsique
minutim sordide puberuli, mox glabrati, cortice albicante; folia
3- foliolata, mediocria, sat petiolata, petiolo supra leviter sulcato
glabro ; foliola nunc obovata vel lateralia ovalia, nunc lanceolata,
apice brevius longiusve acuminata, basi cuneata vel obtusius-
cula, longiuscule petiolulata, remote dentata, rigidiuscule coria-
cea, nervis lateralibus sat approximatis obliquis vel procurvis
subtus magis quam supra prominentibus, supra e viridi fusces-
centia, subtus pallida, utrinque nitidula, glabra, epidermide
inferiore sparsim crystalla singula vel crystallorum concretio-
nes fovente; thyrsi simplices, sat robusti, petiolos superantes,
interdum geminati vel ad rhacheos basin ramulo aucti, minutim
sordide puberuli, densiflori; flores magni, puberuli, breviter
pedicellati; fructus — (non suppetebant).
Arbor expansa, 4 m alta vel frutex 3-metralis. Kami 4 mm
crassi. Folia petiolo 3-4 cm longo adjecto 12-15 cm longa;
foliola intermedia cum petiolulo 6-10 mm longo 9-12 cm longa,
4- 6.5 cm lata, lateralia minora. Thyrsi 4-12 cm longi. Ala-
bastra diametro 2 mm. Sepala petaloidea, albicantia, puberula;
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 451
petala cochleariformia, ungue lato piloso, squama bifida albide
villoso-barbata ; discus glaber; stamina et germen pilosa.
In Philippinarum insula Mindanao: Copeland n. 1635 (“District of Zam-
boanga,” alt 700 ped., m. Febr. 190&; fl.) ; Merrill n. 8195 (in eod. distr.,
“Sax River Mountains” alt. ca. 1,000 m, in silvis, m. Nov.-Dee. 1911, fl. ;
comm, ex Hb. Manil.) ; Elmer n. 13i99 (“prov. of Agusan, Cabadbaran,
Mount Urdaneta,” m. Aug. 1912, fl.; comm. Elmer).
6. ALLOPHYLUS GRANULATUS Radik.
Frutex vel arbor parva; rami teretes, glabriusculi, cortice
pallescente laxe lenticelloso-punctato, innovationes puberuli ;
folia 3-foliolata mediocria, longiuscule petiolata, petiolis supra
sulcatis glabriusculis ; foliola elliptico-lanceolata, subacuminata,
obsolete dentata, basi subacuta, intermedia longius, lateralia
breviter petiolulata, chartacea, nervis lateralibus sat approxi-
matis procurvis, glabriuscula, subtus in nervorum axillis bar-
bata, utrinque nitidula, supra inaequaliter livescentia, subtus
viridia; thyrsi axillares solitarii, folia subaequantes, pedunculo
brevi, rhachi laxe puberula; fiores non visi; fructus in thyrsi
parte superiore sat crebri, breviter pedicellati, abortu mono-
cocci, coccis mediocribus subclavato-obovoideis, cellulis magnis
resinigeris prominulis granulatis, basi vix costatis, glabris,
flavis (t. Fenix), siccis aurantiacis.
Rami 3 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 4-5 cm longo adjecto 15-20
cm longa; folia cum petiolulis 3-8 mm longis 12-16 cm longa,
4.5-6 cm lata. Thyrsi cum pedunculo 2.5 cm longo 14 cm longi.
Fructus cocci 8-9 mm longi, 6 mm crassi.
Affinis All. javensi Bl., a quo differt fructu granulato auran-
tiaco (nec laevi atropurpureo) et foliolorum epidermide in-
feriore non crystallophora.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: E. Fenix n. 12560 (subprov. Benguet,
Sablang, m. Nov.-Dee. 1910, fr. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
7. ALLOPHYLUS CHLOROCARPUS Radik, in Sitz. K. B. Ac. XXXVIII
(1908) p. 232.
Arbor mediocris; rami teretiusculi, subflexuosi, juveniles ut et
thyrsi petiolique sordide hirtelli, cortice cinnamomeo dense
lenticelloso ; folia 3-foliolata, mediocria, petiolata; foliola inter-
media obovato-lanceolata, basi subcuneata, longiuscule petiolu-
lata, lateralia elliptica, inaequilatera, basi obtusa petiolulis bre-
vibus insidentia, omnia apice obtuse acuminata, remote obtuse
dentata, subcoriacea, nervis lateralibus sat remotis oblique pro-
curvis, supra laevigata saturate viridia, subtus reticulato-venosa
pallidiora, utrinque nitidula, praeter nervos supra sordide pu-
berulos glabra nec nisi pilis microscopicis subulatis subtus ad-
452
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
spersa, epidermidis inferioris cellulis sparsis (et quidem saepius
geminatis vel compluribus vicinis) crystallorum concretiones
majores vel rarius crystalla singula foventibus; thyrsi ad
rhacheos basin ramo uno alterove instructi, foliis nunc longiores
nunc breviores, crassiusculi, dense cincinnigeri, sordide hirtelli;
flores majores, glabriusculi ; fructus cocci (submaturi) obovoi-
dei, majusculi, glabri nec nisi glandulis microscopicis adspersi,
obscure virides.
Arbor 5 m alta. Rami 3-4 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 2-3.5
cm longo adjecto 12-20 cm longa; foliola intermedia cum petio-
lulis 6-12 mm longis 10-16 cm longa, 3.5-6 cm lata, lateralia
paullo minora, petiolulis 3-5 mm longis. Thyrsi 7-12 cm longi,
pedunculo 1.5-3 cm longo. Sepala glabra; petala anguste cu-
neata, sublinearia, ungue margine villoso, squama bifida den-
sissime albide villoso-barbata ; discus glaber ; stamina subglabra ;
germen pilis subnullis, glandulis vero microscopicis crebris ob-
situm. Fructus cocci 8 mm longi, 6 mm crassi.
In Philippinarum insula Palawan: H. M. Curran 3173 (in silvis caesis,
alt. 10 m, m. Jan. 1906, fr.; comm, ex Hb. Manil., ut seqq.). Hue quoque
recensenda videtur etsi germine minutissime puberulo quodammodo rece-
dens: Mary Strong Clemens n. 769 (Camp. Keithley, Lake Lanao, Mindanao
m. Sept.-Oct. 1906, flor.) et n. 1170, a (ex eod. loco, m. Sept. 1907, flor.;
specim. mancum thyrso depauperate simplici).
8. APHANIA LOHERI Radik.
Arbor mediocris ; rami teretes, e subfusco cinerascentes, lenti-
celloso-punctati, glabri; folia plerumque 2-juga, raro 3-juga,
petiolo basi tumido lenticellis asperiusculo ; foliola subopposita,
anguste lanceolata, elongata, apice sensim acutata, basi acuta
petiolulis brevibus incrassatis insidentia, subcoriacea, nervis
lateralibus numerosis oblique adscendendibus ante marginem
anastomosantibus subtus prominentibus, reticulato-venosa, gla-
bra, supra pallide viridia nitidula, subtus canescentia opaca,
cellulis secretoriis raris instructa, crystallorum concretionibus
prope paginam superiorem creberrimis, glandulis microscopicis
vix immersis raris ornata; thyrsi singuli vel bini axillares, sim-
plices vel rarius ramo prope basin aucti, sat dense cymulas (in-
feriores stipitatas, superiores subsessiles) gerentes, subglabri;
alabastra globosa, pedicellata; sepala 5, parce glanduloso-cilio-
lata; petala 5, ovata, ciliolata, intus basi squamulis 2 pilosulis
aucta ; discus patellaris glaber ; stamina 7, filamentis basi pilosis
quam antherae glabrae acutae paullulo brevioribus; germinis
rudimentum (fl. s) dimerum, parce pilosulum; fructus- (non
suppetebat) .
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Eyiumeratio Sapindacearuni 453
Rami 3-5 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 2-4.5 cm longo adjecto
15-30 cm longa; foliola 10-20 cm longa, 2-5.5 cm lata, petiolulis
3-5 mm longis. Thyrsi 3-15 cm longi, stipite cymularum in-
feriorum ad 4 mm longo. Alabastra diametro 2.5 mm. Pedi-
celli 1.5-2 mm longi, basi articulati.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: A. Loher n. 587i (Montalban, prov.
Rizal, m. Jul. 1905, fl.).
9. HEBECOCCUS INAEQUALIS Radik. Vulgo “Jaguliao” in lingua Vis-
caya, t. Everett in sched.
Arbor mediocris; rami compressiusculi (subfasciati) , sulcati,
alutaceo-tomentelli, denique glabrati, cortice pallide griseo-
subfusco; folia ca. 6-juga, petiolo tereti striato glabro, rhachi
supra 2-sulcata; foliola subopposita vel superiora alterna,
oblongo-lanceolata, ± inaequilatera (latere inter iore latiore),
apice sensim acutata, basi inaequaliter acuta petiolulis crassius-
culis insidentia, chartacea, nervis lateralibus sat approximatis
obliquis subtus prominulis, reti venarum vix perspiciendo, gla-
berrima, supra laevia splendentia, subtus subopaca, aeruginoso-
viridia, impunctata, epidermide mucigera, glandulis microsco-
picis immersis clavatis aliisque verruciformibus (generis more)
ornata ; paniculae sat amplae, rhachi 3-angulari ramisque sulcatis
alutaceo-puberulis ; flores generis; fructus juveniles anguloso-
corrugati, pallide ochracei, stylo conico inter rugas immerso,
insignes pericarpii parte exteriore aeruginoso-viridi interiore
pallido, maturi — (non suppetebant) .
Arbor 12 m alta, trunco cm crasso. Rami ad 1.5 cm crassi.
Folia petiolo ad 15 cm longo adjecto ad 40 cm longa; foliola cum
petiolulis 5 mm vix excedentibus ca. 14 cm longa, 4 cm lata.
Paniculae ca. 30 cm longae, rhachi 5 mm crassa, ramis 7-13 cm
longis procurvis; dichasiorum stipites 5 mm longi.
In Philippinarum insula Cebu: H. D. Everett n. 64-59 (in declivibus silva-
ticis, alt. 320 m, m. Febr. 1907, fl. et fr. juv. ; common, ex Hb. Manil.).
10. HEBECOCCUS FALCATUS Radik.
Arbor mediocris; rami teretiusculi, sulcati, sordide alutaceo-
tomentelli, basi glabrati, cortice griseo-subfusco albide macu-
late; folia 8-19-juga, jugis sursum decrescentibus, petiolo supra
planiusculo, subtus convexo, striato, glabro, rhachi supra bisul-
cata et inter sulcos costa elevata notata, subtus sulcato-striata,
striis puberulis; foliola subopposita, elongate ovato-lanceolata,
inaequilatera (latere interiore latiore), saepius conduplicata et
falcatim recurvata, apice acutata, basi oblique ovata in petiolulos
longiusculos supra sulco exaratos contracta, subcoriaceo-char-
454 The Philippine Journal of Science »is
tacea, nervis lateralibus sat approximatis procurvis longius
ante marginem anastomosantibus subtus prominentibus, reti
venarum supra vix, subtus sat conspicuo, glaberrima, supra
laevia splendentia, subtus subopaca, olivaceo-viridia, impunc-
tata, epidermide valde mucigera (muco aqua expanse particulas
tarde deliquescentes includente), glandulis microscopicis im-
mersis clavatis aliisque verruciformibus (generis more) ornata;
paniculae terminales amplissimae, iterum et iterum ramosae,
rhachi ramisque 3-angularibus sulcatis cymulas (dichasia vel
cincinnos) stipitatas gerentibus sordide alutaceo-tomentellis ;
flores generis; fructus abortu 1-locularis, 1-coccus, oblique glo-
bosus, styli reliquiis ad medium latus apiculatus, loculis abortivis
infra stylum vix prominulis, reticulato-rugosus, tomento brevi
setaceo ochraceo-sufferrugineo indutus, intus spadiceus glabrius-
culus pilis brevibus pachydermicis vix nisi ad seminis inser-
tionem adspersus; loculorum abortivorum gemmula paullulum
aucta funiculi margine superiore in membranulam extenuate
(quasi arilli vestigio sub semine ipso evanido) cincta; semen obo-
voideum, testa tenuiter coriacea badia ; embryo ovoideus vel sub-
globosus, cotyledonibus piano-con vexis lateraliter oblique juxta-
positis stomatophoris amyligeris crystallorum concretionibus
persitis, radicula infra medium dorsum papilliformi, testae
foveola excepta.
Arbor 12-13 m alta, trunco 40 cm crasso. Rami 1 cm crassi.
Folia petiole ad 12 cm longo adjecto ad 50 cm longa; foliola cum
petiolulis 8-15 mm longis 12-16 cm longa, 4.5-5 cm lata. Panic-
ulae 30-50 cm longae, ramis erectis. Alabastra diametro ca.
3 mm. Fructus (siccus) diametro 1.8 cm.
In Philippinarum insulis Leyte et Luzon: R. Rosenbluth n. 12631 (Leyte,
in valleculis silvaticis, alt. 60 m, m. Mart. 1909, fr.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.,
ut et seq.) ; F. W. Darling n. 18689 (Luzon, prov. Tayabas, Guinayangan,
alt. 30 m, m. Nov. 1909, fl.).
11. LEPISANTHES VIRIDIS Radik.
Arbor parva; folia 4-juga, petiole elongate striato subhirsuto;
foliola opposita, oblonga, breviter acuminata, basi obtusa petio-
lulis supra sulcatis insidentia, chartacea, nervis lateralibus pro-
curvis, utrinque viridia, praeter nervum medianum subtus laxe
pilosum subglabra, glandulis (supra profundius subtus parum)
immersis omata, epidermide paginae inferioris sparsim (hie illic
in cellulis geminatis) crystallorum concretiones parvas gerente;
thyrsi ad foliorum cicatrices fasciculati, sat dense cincinnos sti-
pitatos gerentes, alabastraque cano-tomentella ; flores mediocres,
breviter pedicellati; sepala exteriora tomentella, interiora seri-
VIII, C, 6
Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum
455
cea ; petala 5, lineari-oblonga, dorso sericea, intus glabra, squama
biloba ecristata subtus parce puberula aucta; discus regularis,
glaber ; stamina 8, superne hirsuta, antherae dorso parce pilosae ;
germinis rudimentum 3-loculare, dense pilosum.
Rami defoliati thyrsigeri 1 cm crassi, cinerascentes, juniores
pallide subfusci, lenticellis sufferugineis rimoso-striati. Folia
petiolo ad 12 cm longo adjecto 40-50 cm longa; foliola superiora
(majora) cum petiolulis 5 mm longis 28 cm longa, 6.5 cm lata,
infima plus dimidio minora. Thyrsi 8-14 cm longi. Alabastra
diametro 3 mm. Pedicelli 2.5 mm longi.
In Philippinarum insula Mindanao: H. N. Whitford & W. I. Hutchinso7i
n. 9266 (Zamboanga, Banga, alt. 70 m, m. Jan. 1908; Hb. Manil.).
12. OTOPHORA SETIGERA Radik.
Arbor parva; folia (unum basi mutilatum tantum visum) 8-
juga, rhachi striata minutim puberula; foliola alternantia, lan-
ceolata, apice acuminata, basi cuneata, subsessilia, chartacea,
nervis lateralibus approximatis obliquis procurvis, in nervo
mediano subtus infra medium setis validis obsita, ceterum glabra,
opaca, livida, epidermidis paginae inferioris cellulis pachyder-
micis subreticulato-punctatis, utrinque glandulis cylindricis e
cellulis ca. 12 uniseriatis exstructis basi immersis ornata (foliola
infima non visa) ; fructus (fide schedae) “paniculati” (panicula
“decerpta” verisimiliter a trunco enata), ellipsoidei, (sicci)
tenuiter crustacei, coccinei, utrinque leviter sulcati, septo eva-
nido 1-loculares, dispermi ; semina semiellipsoidea, contigua, basi
affixa, testa fusco-spadicea subcoriacea.
Arbor 8 ped. alta. Folium (mutilatum) 50 cm longum ; foliola
intermedia ad 20 cm longa, ad 4 cm lata, superiora et inferiora
paullo minora. Fructus ad 2 cm longus, fere totidem latus.
In Philippinarum insula Mindanao: Maj. E. A. Mearns et W. I. Hut-
chinson n. i569 (Mount Malindang, prov. Misamis, in silvis, altit. 3000 ped.,
m. Majo 1906, fruct.; comm ex Hb. Manil.).
13. TRISTIROPSIS SUBFALCATA Radik.
Foliorum bipinnatorum pinnarumque rhachis teretiuscula,
glabrata; foliola (singularum pinnarum) ca. 11, alterna, elongate
ovato-lanceolata (quadruple longiora quam lata), quodammodo
conduplicata et falcatim recurvata, apice obtusiuscula, basi inae-
qualiter in petiolulos attenuata, e chartaceo subcoriacea, margine
subundulata, subfusca, supra nitida, subtus opaca ; panicula
(fructifera tantum visa) sat ampla, ramis divaricatis; fructus
breviter ellipsoideus, leviter 3-angulatus, juxta angulos sulco levi
notatus, in stipitem perbrevem contractus, apice breviter apicu-
latus, pube perbrevi e fiavido canescenti indutus.
122078 4
456
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
Foliorum pinnae ca 22 cm longae ; foliola cum petiolulis 3 mm
longis ca. 12 cm longa, 3 cm lata. Panicula 20 cm longa, 9 cm
lata, rhachi 3 mm crassa, ramis 7-12 cm longis, pedicellis (fruc-
tigeris) 6-7 mm longis. Fructus 2.2 cm longus, 1.4 cm crassus. —
Valde affinis T. subangulae, a qua differ! foliis robustioribus et
fructibus minoribus. '
In Philippinarum insula Basilan: H. Hallier (m. Jan. 1904; Hb. Manil.). '
14. TRISTIROPSI3 OBLONGA Radik. Vulgo, “Tagom-tagom” in lingua
Tagalog t. Merritt in sched. ;
Arbor magna; foliorum bipinnatorum pinnarumque rhachis 4
striolata, laxe minutim puberula; foliola (singularum pinnarum) j!
9-10, alterna, breviter oblonga (triplo longiora quam lata, infima I
tantum breviora), apice rotundato-obtusata, interdum emargi- *
nata, basi inaequaliter in petiolulos perbreves attenuata, mem-
branacea, subfusca, supra nitidula, subtus opaca ; panicula
(fructifera tantum visa) mediocris, ramis oblique erectis rha- J
chique dense lenticelloso-punctatis ; fructus breviter ellipsoideus, I,
obsolete 3-angulatus, apiculatus, estipitatus, pube brevissima
cana indutus.
Arbor 22 m alta, diametro {1.3 m supra solum) 20 cm.
Folia petiolo 3 cm longo adjecto 32 cm longa, pinnae ca. 20 cm
longae; foliola cum petiolulis vix 2 mm longis ca. 9 cm longa,
3 cm lata. Panicula 14 cm longa, 7 cm lata, rhachi 2.5 cm
crassa, ramis ad 5 cm longis, pedicellis (fructigeris) 8-10 mm
longis. Fructus 2.2 cm longus, 1.8 cm crassus. — A reliquis ^
speciebus differ! foliolis oblongis obtusatis basi et apice aeque v
latis.
In Philippinarum insula Mindoro: M. L. Merritt n. i063 (Bongabong
River, m. Apr. 1906; Hb. Manil.).
15. TRISTIRA PUBESCENS Merrill in Bull. Govt. Lab. (Philip.) 6 (1904)
Formas 2 distinguere licet:
Forma 1. Genuina Radik.: Rami, petioli subtusque folia d: dense pubes-
centia.
Forma 2. Hemidasya Radik.: Rami, petioli rachisque foliorum pube
densa molli induta, foliola subglabra nec nisi pilis raris subtus adspersa.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: Forma 1: Vidal n. 220 (San Miguel
de Mayumo, prov. Bulacan, ca. 1883, fl.; Herb Kew.) ; Merrill n. 28^2
(prov. Rizal, Bosoboso, m. Juli 1903, fr. semimat.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.,
ut et seqq.) ; Elmer n. 5639 (prov. La Union, Bauang, m. Febr. 1904, fr.) ;
Ahern’s collector n. 3156 (prov. Rizal, m. Maj.-Jun. 1905, fr.). Forma
2: Ahern’s collector n. Jt21 (pi-ov. Rizal, Antipolo, m. Febr. 1904, fl.).
p. 12.
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 457
16. EUPHORIA NEPHELIOIDES Radik. Vulgo “Supac” in indigenarum
dialecto (t. Klemme in sched.)
Arbor mediocris, rami teretes, striati, apice ut et petioli inflor-
escentiaeque pilis minutis fasciculato-stellatis sufferrugineis ad-
spersi, mox glabrati, cortice cinerascente ; folia bijuga; foliola
subopposita, superiora majora elliptica obtusiuscula vel suba-
cuta in petiolulos attenuata, inferiora minora subovata, omnia
integerrima, membranaceo-chartacea, nervo mediano supra
impresso, nervis lateralibus utrinque 12-14 sat approximatis
oblique patulis subtus prominentibus, supra glabra nitidula, sub-
tus ad nervos pilis fasciculato-stellatis raris adspersa papillosa
pallescenti-opaca ; paniculae terminales, folia subaequantes, laxe
ramosae (fructigerae tantum visae) ; fructus breviter pediceilati,
calyce persistente tomentello suffulti, intra discum hirsutum
inserti, abortu monococci: cocci globosi, processibus subulifor-
mibus sulcatis obtusiusculis vel truncatis (siccis) rigidis undique
patentibus insigniter echinati, glabrati.
Arbor 10-metralis (Klemme in sched.) Rami 3 mm crassi.
Folia petiolo 4-5 cm longo adjecto ad 28 cm longa; foliola
superiora cum petiolulis 8 mm longis ad 16 cm longa, 8.5 cm
lata, inferiora dimidio minora. Paniculae 18 cm longae. Fruc-
tus cocci processibus 4 mm longis inclusis diametro 2 cm.
In Philippinarum insula Basilan: W. Klemme n. 15218 (m. Aug. 1910,
fr.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
Species foliolorum forma fructuque insigniter echinato Nephelium
mutabile Bl. quodammodo aemulans.
17. EUPHORIA FOVEOLATA Radik.
Arbor parva; rami teretes, striati, apice ut et petioli inflor-
escentiaeque pilis brevibus fasciculato-stellatis adspersi, cortice
cinereo lenticelloso ; folia bijuga; foliola subopposita, latiuscule
ovata vel superiora elliptica, obtusiuscula, petiolulis supra plani-
usculis insidentia, integerrima, chartacea, nervo mediano supra
impresso nervisque lateralibus utrinque 10-11 obliquis subtus
prominentibus, utrinque prominente reticulato-nervosa, supra
glabra, nitidula, subtus pilis fasciculato-stellatis perraris ad-
spersa, dense breviter papillosa, flavescenti-opaca, in nervorum
axillis foveolata; paniculae terminales, folia superantes, ramis
thyrsoideis erectis dense cymulas subsessiles (dichasia in cin-
cinnos abeuntia) gerentibus; flores breviter pediceilati; calycis
segmenta latiuscule ovata, extus pilis fasciculato-stellatis bre-
vibus tomentella, intus pilis simplicibus vel binis ternis in
458 The Philippine Journal of Science leia
fasciculum congestis pubescentia ; petala spathulato-oblonga,
calyce sesquilongiora, extus praeter apicem intus tota sordide
villosa ; discus hirsutus ; stamina superne pilosula ; germen
(fl. $) redimentarium, 2-loculare, tomentosum; fructus-(non
suppetebant) .
Arbor 5-metralis. Rami 4 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 2-2.5
cm longo adjecto ca. 20 cm longa; foliola superiora cum petio-
lulis 5 mm longis 16 cm longa, 7 cm lata, inferiora 13 cm longa,
6.5 cm lata. Paniculae ad 22 cm longae.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: Maximo Ramos n. 7870 (prov. Cagayan,
m. Mart. 1909, fl.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
18. LITCHI PHILIPPINENSIS Radik, in litt. ad E. D. Merrill (28. XII.
1904) ; H. N. Whitford Veget. Lamao Forest, Philipp. Journ. Sc. I
(1906) pp. 637, 639, 645, 647 (nomen) ; Radik, in Engl. & Pr. Pfl.-
Fam., Nachtr. Ill, Erganz.-Heft II, Lief. 3 1907) p. 204. — Nephe-
lium Litchi, non “Camb.,” Vidal Revis. (1886) p. 97 et 344 n. 722
et Catal. Hb. (1892) p. 54 n. 722 — Litchi sp. nov. “teste Radik, in
litt.” Merrill Fl. Lamao Forest, Philipp. Journ. Sc. I, Suppl. 1 (1906)
p. 87. — Vulgo: “Halopag-amo” t. Vidal 1. c.; “Alupag carabao” Ta-
galis t. Maule in sched.; “Alupag amo” in prov. Tayabas t. Merrill
in litt.; Balanguas in lingua populi Manobo insulae Mindanao, t.
Elmer in sched.
Arbor alta; ramuli teretes, pallide subfusci, lenticelloso-punc-
tati, glabri; folia 1-2-juga; foliola lanceolata vel elliptica, sub-
acuminata vel obtusata, basi subacuta, petiolulis sat longis supra
sulcatis basi incrassatis suffulta, integerrima vel remote obscure
crenata, a firmius pergameneo coriacea, nervis lateralibus subflex-
uosis procurvis subtus prominulis, glaberrima vel subtus perlaxe
pilis medio afRxis aegre perspiciendis adspersa, supra laevissima
hypodermate fibroso continuo (nec ut in Euphoria Gardneri Thw.
interrupto) instructa, subtus quoque sublaevia reti venarum vix
prominulo epapilloso areolisque inter venas subquadratis non
nisi in media parte papillosis, inde vix opaca, potius quodammodo
nitidula, pallida, in alutaceum vergentia, cellulis secretoriis non
nisi raris instructa ; flores generis disco puberulo ; fructus generis
plerumque 1-coccus, ellipsoideus, processibus pyramidato-conicis
3-5dateris altioribus quam latioribus acutis supra basin paullu-
lum constrictam quodammodo bulbosis epidermide laevi hie illic
crystallophora instructis cellulis secretoriis fere destitutis de-
tergibilibus echinatus, viridis, glaber, exsiccando secus medianam
±; fissus; semen basi arillo libero brevi acetabuliformi cinctum.
Arbor 35 m alta, trunco (1.5 m supra terram) 75 cm crasso,
ligno duro (parum usitato). Ramuli ultimi 2.5 mm crassi.
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Emimeratio Sapindacearum 459
Folia petiolo 3-5 cm longo adjecto 14-24 cm longa; foliola cum
petiolulis 4-10 mm longis 8-14 cm longa, 2.5-8 cm lata. Fructus
processibus inclusis 2.5-3 cm longus, 2-2.5 cm latus, non edulis
(Maule in sched.).
Formas 2 distinguere licet;
Forma 1. Genuina Radik.: Supra descripta.
Forma 2. IVI indanaensis Radik.: Foliola subtus undique (venae quoque
et areolae inter venas totae) papillosa, inde opaca; fructus processus vix
altiores quam latiores, non detergibiles.
In Philippinarum insulis Luzon et Mindanao. Forma 1: in Luzon:
W. M. Maule n. (prov. Zambales, in collibus secus litora maris, altit.
30 m, m. Apr. 1904, fr. semimat.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.), n. 2995 (eadem
prov., Subic, m. Apr. 1905, fr. maturi; comm, ex Hb. Manil.) ; R. Meyer
n. 2812 (prov. Bataan, “Lamao River, Mount Mariveles”, alt. 1700 ped.,
m. Mart., fl. “quodammodo fragrantes”; comm, ex Hb. Manil.) ; Borden
n. 2919 (Lamao Forest, m. Mart., t. Merrill 1. c. 1906) ; Whitford n. 1322
(ibid., t. eod.) ; H. M. Curran n. 5959 6369 (prov. Bataan, m. Jan.-Mart.
1907, fl. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.); Vidal n. 722 (prov. Tayabas, Unisan,
fl.; Hb. Kew., ubi, ni fallor, numero 721 insignita est, ut et Otophora fruti-
cosa Bl. [Capura pinnata Bio.], sub qua hie numerus 721 in Vidal Revis.
p. 344 recte citatur, p. 97 vero sphalmate mutatus est in numerum 72U [ad
Aryteram rufescentem Radik, pertinentem et sub hac p. 96 et 344 recte.
indicatum] ; hie error et in Vidal Catal. Herb, servatus est, ubi p. 54 sub
Capura pinnata Bio. praeter n. 721 etiam n. 72U indicatus invenitur,
ceterum recte n. 72U sub Arytera rufesc. quoque p. 53, ut in Revis. p. 96
et 344). — Forma 2: in Mindanao; Elmer n. 13270 (“prov. of Agusan,
Cabadbaran, Mount Urdaneta”, alt. 750 ped., m. Jul. 1912, fruct. ; comm.
Elmer) .
19. ALECTRYON INAEQULATERUS Radik.
Frutex; rami teretes, striati, petiolique glabrati, innovation-
ibus flavide tomentellis; folia 2-3-juga; foliola opposita, ovato-
oblonga, apice in acumen obtusiusculum sensim attenuata, basi
inaequilatera, latere interiore breviore, breviuscule petiolulata,
integerrima vel a medio remote paucidentata, chartacea, nervis
lateralibus obliquis apice vel a basi curvatis, utrinque glabra,
supra laevigata nitida, subtus subopaca, saturate viridia, epi-
derme mucigera; panicula (depauperata, ramum unum tantum
thyrsoideum exhibens) in apice rami exillaris, folio + dimidio
brevior, cymulas subsessiles gerens ; flores non suppetebant ; fruc-
tus obcordato-2-coccus, cocco altero saepius ± abortivo a later-
ibus compresso, coccis evolutis rhomboideo-ellipsoideis, margine
superiore ± carinatis, tomento sordide flavo brevissimo indutis,
subtransversim dehiscentibus, intus glabris; semina globosa.
Frutex 10 ped. altus (Merrill). Rami 2-3 mm crassi. Folia
petiolo 4.5-5.5 cm longo adjecto ad 25 cm longa; foliola cum
petiolulis 4 mm longis 12-15 cm longa, 5-6 cm lata. Panicula
460
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
ad 6 cm longa; pedicelli fructigeri 2.5 mm longi. Fructus cocci
diametro 7 mm, in directione diagonali ca, 1 cm longi, pericarpio
vix 1 mm crasso.
In Philippinis et quidem in archipelago Suluensi: Merrill n. 5393
(“Ubian Island”, ad littora maris, m. Oct. 1906, fruct.; comm, ex Hb.
Manil.).
20. ALECTRYON EXCISUS Radik.
Rami teretes, glabrati, cortice fusco; folia ca. 5-juga; foliola
ovato-lanceolata, apice sensim acutata, basi rotundata petiolulis
perbrevibus insidentia, a tertia inferiore parte remote leviter
serrata, chartacea, utrinque glabra, laevia, subfusca, epidermide
mucigera; thyrsi ad apices ramorum axillares, breves, pedicel-
lique pilis brevibus adpressis laxe adspersi; calyx sub fructu
relictus 5-dentatus, puberulus; petalorum vestigia nulla; discus
glaber; fructus breviter et late obcordatus, apice late excisus,
2-coccus (raro cocco altero a lateribus compresso abortivo 1-
coccus), axe inter loculos toto incrassato conico insignis, coccis
compressiuscule ovoideis acutis, margine superiore prominulo
costam obtusam exhibente, tomento brevissimo denso subochraceo
indutis, intus glabris.
Arbor? Folia petiolo 4 cm longo adjecto ca. 20 cm longa; fo-
liola cum petiolulis vix 2 mm longis 6.5-10 cm longa, 2.5-3 cm
lata. Thyrsi ca. 7 cm longi. Fructus (submaturi) 7 mm alti,
12-14 mm lati, cocci diametro 5 mm, diagonaliter 6 mm longi,
pericarpio 0.5-1 mm crasso.
In Philippinarum insula Tinago: G. P. Ahern n. i?0 (m. Febr.-Maj 1901,
fr.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
21. ALECTRYON OCHRACEUS Radik.
Rami superne sulcati, sat dense ochraceo-tomentelli ; folia
plerumque 5-juga; foliola opposita, lanceolata vel infima ovata,
omnia subaequilatera, petiolulata, supra medium subserrato-den-
tata, subchartacea, supra glabra, laevia, nitidula, subtus ad ner-
ves pilis crispatis puberula, e viridi in ochraceum vergentia,
epidermide mucigera; thyrsi ad apices ramorum axillares, folia
dimidia aequantes, pedicellique tomentelli ; calyx sub fructu
relictus 5-dentatus, puberulus; petalorum vestigia nulla; discus
glaber; fructus latior quam altus, leviter obcordatus, 2-coccus
(interdum cocco altero a lateribus compresso abortivo 1-coccus),
coccis globosis contiguis (nec axe interjecto separatis) sulco me-
diano levi notatis dense ochraceo-tomentellis, intus glabris; sem-
ina subglobosa, parte dimidia inferiore (arillo rubro obtecta)
exacte hemisphaerica, parte superiore (splendidissima nigra)
conum humilem obtusum exhibente.
VIII, c. 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 461
Arbor. Rami thyrsigeri 3 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 2 cm
longo adjecto ca. 15 cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis 2 mm longis
7.5 cm longa, 2.5 cm lata, infimia paullo minora. Thyrsi ad 7
cm longi, pedunculo 2.5 cm longo incluso. Fructus 5-6 mm alti,
10-11 mm lati, cocci diametro 5-6 mm, pericarpio 0. 5-0.8 mm
crasso. Semina diametro 4 rnm.
In Philippinarum insula Negros: H. M. Curran n. 17^55 (in rupibus
secus inaris oram, m. Sept. 1909, fruct. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
22. ALECTRYON FUSCUS Radik.
Arbor?; rami teretes, fusci, glabri, innovationes tantum in-
cano-tomentellae ; folia 2-3-juga, petiolo rhachique latiusculis
supra planis, subtus convexis; foliola ovalia vel superiora oblon-
ga, subacuta, basi in petiolulos breviusculos attenuata, integer-
rima, chartacea, nervo mediano supra piano subtus convexo,
nervis lateralibus subtus venisque reticulatis prominulis, utrin-
que glabra, laevia, nitidula, fusca, epidermide parum mucigera;
panicula terminalis pauciramosa; flores- (non visi) ; fructus
abortu 1-coccus, cocco subgloboso majusculo, pulverulento-tomen-
tello, denique partim glabrato, quodammodo granulato, opaco,
intus glabro; semen globosum, area inter arilli parum granulosi
margines dorsali laevi angusta ovata.
Rami ca. 2 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 4 cm longo adjecto ca.
20 cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis 5 mm longis 7-12 cm longa,
3-4 cm lata. Paniculae 10 cm longae; pedicelli fructigeri 3-5
mm longi, prope basin articulati. Fructus cocci diametro 14 mm,
pericarpio 1.5 mm crasso. Semina diametro 9 mm.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: G. P. Ahern n. 7^7 (prov. Bataan,
Mariveles, m. Jan. 1902, fruct.; ex Hb. Manil. comm.).
23. GUlOA FALCATA Radik.
Rami teretes, multistriati, apice petiolique thyrsique pilis sor-
dide flavidis subhirsuti; folia pari-pinnata ; foliola 6-8, subop-
posita, ex inaequilatere lanceolate subfalcata vel superiora
sigmoideo-curvata, acute acuminata, in petiolulos conspicuos basi
incrassatos attenuata, integerrima, subcoriacea, nervis lateralibus
sat numerosis obliquis, supra glabra, subtus pilis subsetaceis
flavescentibus adpressis undique sat dense adspersa et minutim
tuberculato-papillosa (papillis supra stomata conniventibus) ,
inde sordide opaca, efoveolata, cellulis secretoriis staurenchy-
matis lageniformibus, pneumatenchymatis globosis vel utriculi-
formibus obscure pellucido-punctata ; rhachis foliorum nuda;
paniculae axillares et terminales in unam diffusam congestae,
ramis thyrsoideis cymulas stipitatas plurifloras pubescentes brac-
teis bracteolisque subulatis instructas gerentibus ; flores breviter
462
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
pedicellati, pedicellis basi articulatis; sepala adpresse pubescen-
tia; petala (4) obovato-spathulata, squamulis 2 cristatis villosis
acuta; discus interruptus, semilunaris, glaber; stamina villosius-
cula; pistilli rudimentam pilosum; fructus — (non suppetebant) .
Arbor 25-pedalis, ramis longis expansis (Elmer in scheda).
Rami foliigeri 3 mm crassi, cortice subfusco. Folia petiolo 2-3
cm longo adjecto 14-20 cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis 5 mm
longis ad 10 cm longa, 2.5 cm lata. Panicula 14 cm longa, 10
cm lata; pedicelli vix 2 mm longi. Flores ca. 3 mm longi et
lati, albi.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: Elmer n. 5869 (subprov. Benguet:
Baguio, m. Mart. 1904, fl.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
24. GUlOA RETICULATA Radik.
Rami teretes, striati, glabrati, cortice rubro-fusco, juveniles
ut et folia novella utrinque pube densa sericea flavida induti;
folia abrupte pinnata ; foliola 4-8, alterna vel opposita, inaequi-
latere anguste ovato-lanceolata, latere interiore latiore, partim
subfalcata, apice sensim acutata, basi in petiolulos conspicuos
contracta, integerrima, margine linea cartilaginea flavida cincta
et subrevoluta, subcoriacea, reti venarum arcto utrinque promi-
nulo instructa, glabra, supra canescenti-, subtus flavescenti-viri-
dia et dense breviter papillosa, 1-foveolata (foveola conspicua
amplius aperta), impunctata; rhachis foliorum nuda; thyrsi ad
apices ramorum axillares, cincinnigeri, pubescentes, vix folia
dimidia aequantes ; flores breviter pedicellati, bracteolis subulatis
suffulti; sepala praeter marginem ciliolatum glabra; petala obo-
vata, squamulis 2 cristatis dense villosis aucta; discus interrup-
tus, glaber; stamina fere tota villosiuscula ; pistilli rudimentum
parce pilosum.
Rami 4 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 3-4 cm longo adjecto ad 12
cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis 3-5 mm longis 6-7 cm longa,
infra medium 1.2-1.5 cm lata. Thyrsi 4 cm longi; pedicelli 2
mm longi. Flores expansi diametro 3 mm.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: Maximo Ramos n. 7055 (subprov. Abra,
ni. Jan.-Febr. 1909, fl.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.); M. L. Merritt et F. W.
Darling n. lJf058 (prov. Ilocos Sur, m. Nov. 1908, alab.; Hb. Berol. ex Hb.
Manil.).
25. GUlOA SULPHUREA Radik.
Rami teretes, striolati, fusci, juveniles ut et petioli paniculaeque
fulvo-pubescentes glandulisque microscopicis fuscis crebris ad-
spersi, denique glabrati ; folia pari-pinnata ; foliola ca. 8, opposita,
inaequilatere latiuscule ovato-lanceolata, latere interiore latiore
longioreque, sensim acutata, petiolulis basi tumidis suffulta, in-
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 463
tegerrima, chartacea, nervis lateralibus utrinque 9-10 obliquis,
juvenilia utrinque ut et rhachis pilis teneris glandulisque supra
adspersa, adultiora supra ± glabrata laevia sordide flavescenti-
viridia opaca, subtus molliuscula graciliter papillosa (papillis
digitiformibus) sulphureo-opaca, basi 1-foveolata, impunctata;
petiolus quam inter juga paullo longior, basi incrassatus, rhachis
nuda ; paniculae in axillis foliorum singulae vel paucae congestae,
foliis dimidiis aliae longiores aliae breviores, pauciramosae, ramis
thyrsoideis superne cincinnos breviter stipitatos 2-4-floros geren-
tibus fulvo-pubescentibus glandulisque minutis clavatis stipitatis
crebris adspersis ; bracteae bracteolaeque subulatae pilis glandu-
lisque indutae ; flores mediocres, ^ et 5 in iisdem cincinnis, bre-
viter pedicellati; sepala late elliptica, praeter marginem glandu-
loso-ciliolatum glabra; petala 4 spathulata, intus 2-squamulata,
S.inter sepala 3.et B.parvum, squama rudimentaria ; discus semi-
lunaris, glaber; stamina floris $ exserta, puberula; germen
obovatum, triquetrum, ad angulos pilis perpaucis obsitum vel
omnino glabrum.
Arbor 8-metralis. Rami 3 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 4.5 cm
longo adjecto ad 25 cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis 5 mm longis
10-13 cm longa, 4 cm lata. Paniculae ad 16 cm longae ; pedicelli
2-3 mm longi. Flores diametro 4 mm; germen 3 mm longum,
stylo apice curvato 2 mm longo superatum.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: R. J. Alvarez n. 22^29 (prov. Nueva
Ecija, m, Nov. 1911, fi.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
26. GUlOA ACUMINATA Radik.
Arbor mediocris; rami teretes, fusci, petiolique pedunculique
glabri, innovationibus adpresse fulvo-pubescentibus ; folia abrup-
te pinnata; foliola 6, ex oblongo lanceolata, subfalcata (latere
interiore latiore), in acumen elongatum obtusiusculum nodulo
terminatum protracta, basi in petiolulos attenuata, integerrima,
submembranacea, obliquinervia, glabra, olivacea, utrinque nit-
idula, cellulis secretoriis crebris dense pellucido-punctata iisque
subtus vel supra quoque prominulis sub lente minutim granulata,
ceterum laevia (epapillosa) , 1-foveolata, insignia epidermide pa-
ginae inferioris sparsim crystallophora ; rhachis foliorum nuda;
paniculae axillares, folia dimidia subaequantes, ramis minutim
puberulis, cincinnos breviter stipitatos gerentibus ; flores breviter
pedicellati, sat magni; sepala praeter marginem ciliolatum gla-
bra; petala elliptica, squamulis villosis aucta; discus glaber,
tumidus, interruptus; stamina ultra medium villosula; flores 2
fructusque non suppetebant.
Arbor 6-7-metralis. Rami 5 mm crassi. Folia petiolis 4-8 cm
464 The Philippine Journal of Science i9i3
longis adjectis ad 30 cm longa; foliola 10-15 cm longa, 3-4 cm'
lata, petiolulis 8 mm longis. Paniculae 10-12 cm longae ; pedicelli
1.5 mm longi. Flores expansi diametro 4 mm.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: F. Tamesis n. 15356 (prov. Laguna, m.
Nov. 1909; comm, ex Hb. Manil.) ; M. Ramos n. 10916 (in ead. prov., San
Antonio, m. Aug. 1910, fl. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
27. GLOEOCARPUS Radik.
Flores unisexuales (non nisi ab insectis laesi visi) , mediocres,
regulares. Sepala 5, suborbicularia, concava, 2-seriatim imbri-
cata, exterioribus 2 minoribus, subcoriacea, imo dorso pilis bre-
vibus subsetaceis adpressis adspersa, intus margineque glabra,
rubro-fusca, cellulis secretoriis gummi-resina flavida repletis
orbicularibus pellucide punctata. Petala 5, sub disci margine in-
serta, perparva, ovalia, ciliolata, esquamulata, squamularum loco
basi fasciculo pilorum marginal! ornata, cellulis secretoriis orbi-
cularibus paucis instructa. Discus regularis, annularis, glaber.
Stamina 8, intra discum circa pistilli rudimentum 3-angulare
ad angulos pilosum inserta, filiformia, infra apicem pilis latis
compressis granulato-punctatis dense villosa; antherae breviter
lateque ovata, glabriuscula, connective cellulis secretoriis instruc-
to; pollinis granula triangulari-placentiformia, triporosa. Ger-
men obovato-triquetrum, triloculare, in stipitem brevem attenua-
tum, glabrum, vix ad angulos pilis singulis adspersum; stylus
mediocris, filiformis, curvatus, lineis stigmatosis 3 apice^notatus ;
gemmulae in loculis solitariae, prope basin oblique erectae, com-
presse breviter ellipsoideae, micropyle extrorsum infera. Cap-
sula subdrupacea, ex obverse pyramidato breviter 3-(raro 4-)
gonopiriformis, breviter stipitata, styli basi breviter apiculata,
glabra, flavida, 3 (-4) -locularis, denique vix dubie loculicide de-
hiscens, epicarpio sicco rubro-fusco ruguloso, mesocarpio cras-
siusculo carnoso rubescente e cellulis utriculiformibus radia-
liter elongatis pauciseptatis conflato materia glutinoso-gummosa
eodemque tannino affini (in aqua solubili, hie illic exsudata et
guttulas exsiccatas pellucide sanguineas eiformante) foeto cellu-
lisque secretoriis parvis flavidis laxe persito, endocarpio lignoso-
crustaceo. Semina trigono-ellipsoidea, testa tenuiter Crustacea
spadicea, arillo libero tenui dorso supra medium fisso vitellino tota
obducta. Embryo notorrhizus, sordide viridis; cotyledones ole-
oso-carnosae, ab apice seminis deflexae, ventri apposita crassiore ;
radicula elongata, a summo dorso descendens, plica testae basali
partim excepta.
Arbor mediocris. Rami exacte cylindrici, glabri, cortice laevi
viir, c. 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 465
fusco cellulis secretoriis persito. Folia abrupte pinnata, elonga-
ta, multi juga, sat petiolata, defiexa; foliola ad 26, subopposita,
lineari-oblonga, acuta, in petiolulos breves inaequaliter angustata,
margine exteriore a medio interiore fere a basi crenato-dentata,
chartacea, nervis lateralibus utrinque ca. 13 procurvis in sinus
inter dentes excurrentibus subtus prominentibus, praeter nervum
medianum subtus puberulum glabra, nitidula, supra rubescentia,
subtus olivacea, diachymate tanninigero cellulis secretoriis de-
presse ellipsoideis sat pachydermicis gummi-resina quadam foetis
saepius ad utramque paginam epidermidi adpressis persito, inde
tenuiora pellucido-punctata, epidermide non mucigera; petiolus
rachisque supra planiuscula, subtus convexa, flavo-puberula, mox
gabrata. Thyrsi mediocres, e trunco ramisque vetustioribus
enascentes, solitarii vel pauci fasciculati, puberuli, sat dense
cymulas breviter stipitatas paucifloras gerentes, bracteis brac-
teolisque minutis ovatis puberulis. Alabastra globosa, breviter
pedicellata, pedicellis adpresse puberulis.
Species 1, philippinensis.
Genus affine generi “Cupaniopsis”, insigne petalis minutis
esquamulatis, sarcocarpio crassiusculo materia glutinoso-gum-
mosa foeto, embryone viridi, radicula cotyledones longitudine
subaequante.
(1) G. CRENATUS Radik. Vulgo “Salab,” quod nomen Guioa Perrottetii
Radik, quoque audit.
Character ut supra.
Arbor 8 m alta, trunco 15 cm crasso. Folia petiolo ca. 5 cm
longo adjecto ad 40 cm longa; folio cum petiolulis 2-3, rarius
5-6 mm longis ad 12 cm longa, 2.5 lata. Thyrsi 8-10 cm longi.
Sepala 2-2.5 mm, petala vix 0.8 mm longa, stamina 4-5 mm, an-
therae 0.8 mm longae. Capsula stipite 2 mm longo incluso 12-14
mm longa, totidem lata. Semen 8 mm longum, 5 mm crassum.
— Habitu Cupaniopsin patentivalvem Radik, in mentem revocat.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: H. M. Curran n. 1764-7 (prov. Laguna,
San Antonio, in silvis, alt. 240 m, m. Febr. 1910; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
28. RHYSOTOECHIA ACUMINATA Radik.
Frutex(?); rami teretes, cortice fusco rugoso-striato ; folia
1-4-juga, longiuscule petiolata; foliola subopposita, latiuscule
lanceolata, utrinque acuminata, sat petiolulata, chartacea, nervis
lateralibus procurvis, glabra, virescenti-flavida, supra nitida,
subtus opaca, cellulis secretoriis nullis, glandulis basi immersis
utrinque ornata, paginae inferioris cuticula granulata; thyrsi
466 The Philippine Journal of Science leia
axillares solitarii robusti et ad cicatrices foliorum delapsorum
aequilongi solitarii vel bini terni congesti, racemiformes, (fruc-
tigeri) glabri; capsulae sat pedicellatae, obcordato-trilobae, in
stipitem longiorem triquetrum attenuatae, abortu plerumque
dispermae, glabratae, endocarpio glanduloso; semina elongato-
ellipsoidea, e spadiceo nigro-fusca, splendida, arillo brevi crasso
aurantiaco dorso depresso suifulta.
Rami 4-6 mm crassi. Folia petiolo ad 8 cm longo adjecto
ad 40 cm longa; foliola 12-18 cm longa, 4-6 cm lata, petiolulis
ca. 1 cm longis. Capsulae stipite ad 1 cm longo incluso 2.5 cm
altae, fere totidem latae. Semina 18 mm longa, 8 mm crassa.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon; A. Loher n. 5882 (prov. Rizal, Montal-
ban, m. Apr. 1906, fr. ; Hb. Kew., Monac.)
29. RHYSOTOECHIA STRIATA Radik.
Frutex(?) ; rami teretes, striati, atro-fusci, parum lenticellosi,
glabrati; folia 2-4-juga, longiuscule petiolata, petiolo subtereti
striato, rhachi supra ± bisulcata, subtus convexa striata ; foliola
opposita vel subalterna, large elliptica, utrinque acuta, sat petio-
lulata, petiolulis crassiusculis rugosis, subcoriacea, nervis later-
alibus sat approximatis e patulo procurvis, subtus retique
venarum laxiore prominulis, glabra, flavescentia, nitidula, sub-
tus viridia opaca, cellulis secretoriis sat raris (in specim. n. 778
perperam quaesitis) instructa, crystallis prope paginam supe-
riorem baculiformibus crystallorumque concretionibus sat
crebris persita, glandulis microscopicis cylindricis vel subcla-
vatis interdum geminatim in epidermidis foveolas basi immersis
sat crebris (sed plurimis decisis) utrinque ornata, epidermide
paginae inferioris insigni cuticula granulata; thyrsi in foliorum
axillis parvi vel in parte ramorum inferiore fasciculati majores,
glabriusculi, cymularum loco flores singulos longuis pedicellatos
gerentes; alabastra globosa; sepala 5, ciliata; petala 5, e late
obovato in unguem brevem contracta, basi margine paullulum
inflexo villoso subsquamulata ; stamina 8, filamentis praeter api-
cem furfuraceo-villosis, antheris puberulis; germen (floris s)
rudimentarium, 3-loculare, pilosum. Capsula obcordato-3-loba,
sat stipitata, glabrata, endocarpio glanduloso.
Rami ca. 4 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 5-10 cm longo adjecto
30-40 cm el ultra longa; foliola ad 30 cm longa, 11.5 cm lata,
petiolulis ca. 1 cm longis. Thyrsi 6-10 cm longi. Pedicelli ad
5 mm longi, basi articulati. Alabastra diametro 3 mm. Flores
expansi diametro 5 mm. Capsula 2.2 cm alta, totidem lata.
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 467
In Philippinarum insula Mindanao: Mary Strong Clemens n. 778 (Ma-
labang, prov. Cotabato, m. Nov. 1906, alab.), 978 (Camp Keithley, Lake
Lanao, m. Mart. 1907, alab. 9 ), 1067 (ibid., m. Maj. 1907, flor. $ ), “K”
(ibid. alt. 800 m, m Maj. 1906, fruct.; omnia comm, ex Hb. Manil.)
Maxime affinis Rh. ramiflorae Radik., a Beccari in Celebes lectae.
30. TRIGONACHRAS OBLIQUA Radik.
Arbor ; rami apice thyrsique ochraceo-tomentosi ; folia abrupte
pinnata, petiolo rhachique teretiusculis sufferrugineo-tomentel-
lis; foliola 11-15, opposita, ovato-lanceolata, subfalcata, apice
acuta, basi oblique inaequilatera (latere exteriore breviore et
angustiore), petiolulis sat longis ferrugineo-tomentosis dein gla-
brescentibus insidentia, chartacea, nervis lateralibus procurvis
utrinque prominulis, glabra nec nisi subtus ad nervi mediani
basin et partem vicinam ferrugineo-hirsuta, praesertim supra
nitida, laevigata, subtus in axillis nervorum interdum glandulis
maculiformibus notata, crebre pellucido-punctata, epidermide
mucigera; thyrsi folia subaequantes, axillares, ad ramorum api-
ces congesti, ramulis 1-3 aucti indeque in paniculas transeuntes,
pedunculo nunc brevi nunc elongate, rhachi laxiuscule cincin-
nigera, cincinnis breviter stipitatis paucifloris; flores generis
sat pedicellati, calycis segmentis ovatis obtusis ochraceo-tomen-
tosis; fructus-(non visus nisi juvenilis, potius germen auctum,
clavatum, tomentosum).
Folia petiolo 5-6 cm longo adjecto 20-36 cm longa; foliola
cum petiolulis 4-5 mm longis 8-10 cm longa, 3-3.5 cm lata.
Thyrsi ad 25 cm longi. Flores 2-2.5 mm longi, 3 mm lati, pedi-
celli 3 mm longi.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: A. Bernardo n. 13108 (prov. Cagayan,
m. Maj. 1909, fl.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
81. TRIGONACHRAS RIGIDA Radik. Vulgo “Balacatan” in lingua Ta-
galog t. Merrill in sched. n. 2967.
Arbor ; rami teretiusculi, striati, glabri ; folia abrupte pinnata,
petiolo rhachique teretiusculis glabris; foliola minora, 8-10,
opposita, ovato-lanceolata, subfalcata, apice valde acuta, basi
inaequilatera (latere exteriore breviore et angustiore) , sat
petiolulata, rigidiuscule coriacea, nervis lateralibus procurvis
utrinque prominulis, subtus in axillis nervorum glandulis maculi-
formibus raris notata, glabra, utrinque nitida, vix pellucido-
punctata (attamen cellulis secretoriis, etsi parcioribus, in-
structa), epidermide mucigera; thyrsi ad ramorum apices
axillares, folia subaequantes, ramulo uno alterove aucti, pedun-
culo longiusculo, glabri nec nisi apice minutissime adpresse pub-
468
The Philippine Journal of Science
1918
eruli, basi interrupte, apice densius cincinnigeri, cincinnis vix
stipitatis paucifloris; flores generis sat pedicellati, calyce (ala-
bastri 3 ) supra basin quodammodo constricto adpresse pub-
erulo, petalis ovatis albidis pellucido-punctatis intus 2-squamu-
latis, antheris clavatis basi puberulis apice glandula dorsali
impressa notatis, germine rudimentario trigono-globoso brevis-
sime stipitato adpresse pilosulo; capsula minor, trigono-pyri-
formis, infra partem seminiferam obovoideam in stipitem
contracta, apiculata, angulis obtusis, rugosa, pilis brevissimis
adspersa, intus sufferrugineo-tomentosa ; semen teretiusculum,
exarillatum.
Rami 5 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 3-4 cm longo adjecto 14-18
cm longa ; foliola cum petiolulis 6-8 mm longis 7. 5-9. 5 cm longa,
2.5-3 cm lata. Thyrsi pedunculo 3-4 cm longo incluso ca. 15
cm longi. Pedicelli fructigeri 5 mm longi. Capsula 2.5 cm
longa, 1.5 cm lata.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon; Merrill n. 2967 (prov. Zambales, Bo-
tolan, m. Maj. 1903, fr. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.) ; F. W. Darling n. 18727
(prov. Camarines, Paracale, m. Mart. 1910, alab.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
32. TRIGONACHRAS M E M BR AN ACEA Radik.
T. spec. Vidal Cat. Herb. (1892) p. 54, coll. n. 2^.88 ins. Ticao, n. 2500
ins. Panay (prov. Iloilo, Miagao) .
Arbor elata; rami teretes, striati, glabri, cellulis scleren-
chymaticis fibrosis transversalibus sub epidermide coacervatis
albide punctati et lineolati; folia abrupte pinnata, petiolo long-
iusculo rhachique teretiusculis glabris; foliola majuscula, 12-16,
SLibopposita, lanceolata, parum inaequilatera, subfalcata, acuta,
sat petiolulata, e chartaceo submembranacea, nervis lateralibus
procurvis utrinque prominulis, glabra, praesertim supra nitida,
subtus in axillis nervorum glandulis maculiformibus notata,
sat crebre pellucido-punctata, epidermide mucigera; thyrsi ad
ramorum apices congesti, laterales, ramis paucis incurvis aucti,
elongati, pedunculo longiusculo glabro, rhachi superne sufferugi-
neo-tomentella sat dense cincinnigera, cincinnis vix stipitatis;
fructus (immaturus tantum visus) trigono-pyriformis, infra
partem seminferam obovoideam in stipitem contractus, apicula-
tus, angulis obtusis, tomento brevi denso e sufferrugineo canes-
cente indutus, intus ochraceo-tomentosus.
Arbor 22 m alta. Rami 4-5 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 5-6
cm longo adjecto 28-45 cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis 5-7 mm
longis 9-13 cm longa, 3-5 cm lata. Thyrsi cum pedunculo ad
9 cm longo 20-28 cm longi. Pedicelli fructigeri 5 mm longi.
VIII. c, 6 Radlkofer: Enunieratio Sapindacearum 469
In Philippinarum insulis Ticao et Panay; in Ticao: Vidal n. 2U88 (fr.
immat.; Hb. Kew.) ; W. W. Clark n. 1073 (m. May. 1904, fr. immat.; comm,
ex Hb. Manil.) ; — in Panay: Vidal n. 2500 (Miagao, prov. Iloilo, fl.; Hb.
Kew.).
33. TRiGONACHRAS SPECTABILIS Radik.
Arbor sat alta ; rami striati, apice thyrsique ferrugineo-tomen-
telli; folia magna, elongata, abrupte pinnata, petiolo mediocri
supra planiusculo subtus convexo striato glabrato; foliola ca.
18, subopposita, ovato-Ianceolata, acuta, inaequilatera, basi
obliqua, breviuscule petiolulata, chartacea, nervis lateralibus
procurvis utrinque prominulis, glabra, supra nitida, subtus opaca
et in axillis nervorum glandulis maculiformibus notata, flaves-
centi-viridia, crebre pellucido-punctata, epidermide mucigera;
inflorescentiae ad apicem ramorum axillares, foliis breviores,
ramificatae, ramis thyrsoideis cincinnigeris, cincinnis breviter
stipitatis; flores — non suppetebant nisi partes sub fructu relic-
tae: calyx breviter cupularis segmentis parvis deltoideis extus
et intus ferrugineo-tomentellis, discus annularis, glaber ; capsula
inter generis minores sat magna, trigono-pyriformis angulis
acutiusculis, stipitata, apiculata, ferrugineo-tomentella, exocar-
pio crassiusculo saponinigero, endocarpio sclerenchymatico lax-
iuscule rufescenti-piloso ; semina ovalia, a dorse convexo compres-
siuscula, ventre obtusangula, testa tenuiter Crustacea laevissima
splendida fusco-spadicea, basi hilo transversim elliptico albido
notata, arillo nullo ; embryo viridulus.
Arbor 15 m alta, trunco 30 cm crasso. Rami inflorescentias
gerentes 1 cm crassi. Folia petiolo 5 cm longo adjecto ad 42
cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis 3 mm longis ad 14 cm longa,
5 cm lata. Pedicellus fructiger 1 cm longus. Capsula 3 cm
longa, ad 2 cm lata. Semen 11 mm longum, 7 mm latum, 6 mm
crassum.
In Philippinarum insula Mindanao: C. M. Weber 1194. (in subprovincia
Butuan, ad Veruela in silvis, m. Jun. 1911, fr. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
34. GONGROSPERMUM Radlkofer
Flores unisexuales ( 2 tantum visi, hermaphrodites mentien-
tes), parvi, perbreviter pedicellati. Calyx breviter cupularis,
5-sectus, segmentis deltoideis, utrinque sufferrugineo-tomentel-
lis. Petala 0. Discus subcupularis, tomentosus, pressione sta-
minurn crenulatus. Stamina 8, filamentis perbrevibus superne
villosis, antheris ellipsoideis crassiusculis 4-sulcatis glabris fuscis
lateraliter dehiscentibus ; pollinis granula trigono-placentifor-
mia, 3-sulcata, 3-porosa. Germen ovatum, trigonum, tomento-
470 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
sum, apice glabrum subtrilbo-stigmatosum, 3-loculare ; gemmulae
in loculis solitariae, erectae, apotropae, campylotropae, micro-
pyle extrorsum infera. Capsula in ramulo sympodiali brevi d=
glabrato terminalis, pedicello brevissimo suffulta, pyriformis,
in stipitem brevem sulcis staminum insertionibus respondentibus
notatum attenuata, breviter apiculata, sufFerrugineo-tomentosa,
abortu plerumque 1-locularis, ad latus loculis eifoetis compres-
sis respondens ± applanata, denique loculicide dehiscens, peri-
carpio corticoso cellularum sclerenchymaticarurn concretionibus
crebris instructo et cellulis secretoriis substantiam oleoso-resin-
osam foventibus persito, endocarpio sclerenchymatico transver-
sim fibroso piiis adpressis praesertim basi prope seminis inser-
tionem (in loculis effoetis vero undique densius) obsito; semen
ad loculi angulum centralem prope basin insertum, obovatum, a
lateribus compressiusculum, atro-fuscum, glabrum, exarillatum,
testa Crustacea laevi intus in protuberantias nodosas partim
literae T figuram aemulantes versus seminis centrum protrusas
(quodammodo illis in Anonacearum seminibus endospermium
ruminatum efficientibus similes) producta (unde generis nomen).
Embryo curvatus (ut videtur, notorrhizus) , cotyledonibus (in
semine observato nondum plane evolutis tenuibus) testae protu-
berantiis arete applicitis, radicula in seminis dorso descendente
plica testa profunda excepta.
Arbor ; rami teretiusculi, superne 5-sulcati, ut et petioli
paniculaeque piiis brevibus basi dilatata collapsis hyalinis cete-
rum materie fusca repletis sufferrugineo-tomentelli. Folia
abrupte pinnata, longiuscule petiolata, petiolo supra sulco ex-
arato subtus convexo striolato; foliola 5-6, larga, subopposita,
late elliptica, breviter obtuse acuminata, in petiolulos longius-
culos basi incrassatos abruptius attenuata, integerrima, char-
tacea, nervis lateralibus utrinque ca. 9 oblique vel superioribus
arcuatim adscendentibus, subtus prominentibus, glabra, utrinque
opaca, supra pallide subfusca, subtus viridula, ad paginam supe-
riorem hypodermate hie illic interrupto tannino crystallisque
destitute instructa, diachymate praeter strata inferiora chlor-
ophyllophora tanninigero cellulis secretoriis parvis substantiam
oleoso-resinosam gerentibus laxe persito, epidermide non muci-
gera. Paniculae axillares, sat amplae, ramis thyrsoideis dense
cincinnos sessiles glomeruliformes gerentibus, bracteis bracteo-
lisque perparvis ovatis obtusiusculis. Alabastra globosa, ses-
silia.
Species 1, philippinensis.
Genus calyce parvo et semine exarillato accedens ad genus
vni, c, 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 471
“Trigonacharas”, recedens testae seminis indole, pericarpio sapo-
nino destituto, petalis 0, foliorum epidermide non mucigera
hypodermate suffulta.
(1) G. PHILIPPINENSE Radik.
Character ut supra.
Rami 5 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 6-9 cm longo adjecto 35 cm
longa; foliola cum petiolulis 10-12 mm longis ad 20 cm longa,
9 cm lata. Paniculae folia subaequantes. Flores diametro vix 2
mm. Capsula stipite vix 2 mm longo incluso 1.5 cm longa,
1 cm lata, pericarpio ad 1 mm crasso. Semen 8 mm longum, 5
mm latum, 3 mm crassum.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon; R. C. McGregor n. 12358 (prov. Laguna,
Calauan in silvis, m. Nov.-Dee. 1910, fr. ; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
35. MISCHOCARPUS CAULIFLORUS Radik.
Arbor; folia abrupte pinnata, petiolo supra piano, rhachi sub-
terete striata; foliola ca. 9, alterna, decrescentim minora, ex
oblongo subcuneata, breviter acuminata, basi subacuta, petiolu-
lata, integerrima, membranaceo-chartacea, glabra nec nisi pilis
raris adpressis (glandulisque microscopicis cylindricis) subtus
adspersa, nervis patulis subtus prominentibus, reti venarum sat
angusto supra subtusque prominente, (sicca) sordide viridia,
cellulis secretoriis creberrimis dense pellucide punctata et lineo-
lata, epidermidis inferioris cellulis sparsim crystalla singula
gerentibus; thyrsi vel paniculae pauciramosae (ramis thyrsoi-
deis) e trunco enascentes, laxiflori; flores (fructigeri) in cin-
cinnis sessilibus contractis sat pedicellati, (quantum e cicatri-
cibus sub disco obviis concludi potest) petaligeri; sepala 5,
deltoidea, glabriuscula ; discus glaber; capsula abortu 1-sperma,
clavato-pyriformis, in stipitem quam pars seminifera obovoi-
dea breviorem trigonum contracta, styli conspicui reliquiis apic-
ulata, glabra, reticulato-rugosa, mesocarpio cellulis resinigeris
crebris foeto, endocarpio fere toto sclerenchymatico glabro ;
semen ellipsoideum, testa tenui spadicea praeter aream supra
medium dorsalem tota arillo calcarato obtecta.
Folia petiolo 8 cm longo adjecto ad 50 cm longa; foliola cum
petiolulis 5-7 mm longis 12-22 cm longa, 5-7 cm lata. Thyrsi
10-16 cm longi; pedicelli (fructigeri) 5 mm longi, basi articu-
lati. Sepala 2 mm longa. Fructus stipite 7 mm longo adjecto
2 cm longus 12 cm latus, rubro-fuscus ; semen 12 mm longum,
10 mm latum.
In Philippinarum insula Mindoro: R. C. McGregor n. 271 (Baco River,
m. Apr.-Maj. 1905, fr.; comm, ex Hb. Manil.).
122078 6
472 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
36. MISCHOCARPUS BRACH YPH YLLUS Radik,
Frutex vel arbor parva; rami teretes, rugoso-striati, glabri;
folia abrupte pinnata, petiolo sat longo rhachique teretiusculis
striatis; foliola 4-6, subopposita vel alterna, brevia (lamina vix
vel ne vix duplo longiore quam lata), ovali-lanceolata, nunc ob-
tusa, nunc sensim subacuminata, in petiolulum longiusculum
abruptius attenuata, integerrima, coriacea, glabra nec nisi glan-
dulis microscopicis adspersa, nervo mediano valido subtus pro-
minente, lateralibus procurvis subtus obsolete prominulis in
axillis raro foveola urceolata notatis, subfusca, nitida, subtus
opaca anguste reticulato-venosa, cellulis secretoriis nullis inde-
que impunctata, epidermidis superioris hypodermate suffultae
cellulis septis singulis verticalibus interceptis, inferioris cellulis
sparsim crystalla singula gerentibus; paniculae breviusculae vel
folia subaequantes ad ramorum apices congestae, pauciramosae,
florigerae nutantes, fructigerae strictae„ minutim puberulae,
cymulis subsessilibus vel breviter stipitatis sat dense obsitae;
flores sat pedicellati; sepala deltoidea, minutim puberula; petala
minima, esquamata, partim obsoleta; discus minutim puberulus,
denique glabratus; staminum filamenta densius, antherae laxius
puberulae;, germen trigonum, tomentellum; capsula abortu
monosperma (stipite mediocri excluso) ovoidea, apiculata, gla-
bra, intus pilis longis leptodermicis multicellularibus vestita,
mesocarpio crassiusculo resinoso-carnoso, endocarpio fere toto
(loculi fertilis striis angustis juxta septorum ortum exceptis)
sclerenchymatico ; semen ellipsoideum, testa chartacea badia ad
medium vel ventre ultra medium arillo obtectum.
Frutex 2-metralis vel (t. Curran) arbor 6-metralis. Rami
5 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 2.5-4 cm longo adjecto 15-17 cm
longa; foliola cum petiolulis 8-15 mm longis 8-12 cm longa,
3-5.5 cm lata. Paniculae 9-14 cm longae; pedicelli 3-5 mm
longi, infra medium articulati. Capsula cum stipite 5 mm longo
1.5 cm longa, 8 mm crassa. Semen 1 cm longum, 7 mm cras-
sum, e capsula aperta cupuliformi seminis basin arete amplec-
tente fere dimidium prominens.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: H. M. Curran n. U858 (Baguio, prov.
Benguet, alt. 1,500 m, m. Aug. 1906, fr.; comm, ex Hb. Manil., ut et seq.) ;
M. Vanoverbergh n. 1175 (Bauco, subprov. Bontoc, alt. 1,680 m, m. Mart.-
Maj. 1911, fl.).
Species endocarpii indumento peculiari foliorumque hypodermate insignis.
VIII, c, 6 Radlkofer: Enumeratio Sapindacearum 473
37. HARPULLIA MACROCALYX Radik.
H. spec. Vidal Cat. Herb. (1892) quoad n. 2525!
Arbor magna ; rami teretes, cortice f usco-cinereo, glabri ; folia
3-4-juga, petiolo rhachique glabris; foliola elongate angusteque
oblonga, acuta, basi (praesertim superiora) cuneata, in petiolu-
lum longiusculum sensim attenuata, nervis lateralibus parum
approximatis oblique adscendentibus, subtiliter venosa, glabra,
supra laevia, utrinque nitida, fusco-viridia, cellulis secretoriis ad
paginam superiorem subepidermalibus instructa, epidermide mu-
cigera ; thyrsi ad apices ramulorum axillares, solitarii vel gemini,
foliorum dimidiam vel tertiam tantum partem vel vix petiolum
aequantes, ut et sepala sufferrugineo-tomentelli, basi interdum
ramosi, sat dense dichasia breviter stipitata 3-flora vel superne
flores singulos bibracteolatos gerentes; capsula cordata, breviter
stipitata, styli reliquiis apiculata, laeviuscula, rubra, sicca nigro-
fusca, glabrata, intus pilis non nisi raris adspersa, pericarpio
crustaceo-sublignoso, epithelio tenui.
Rami 4-6 mm crassi. Folia petiolo 5-8 cm longo adjecto
20-30 cm longa; foliola cum petiolulis ad 1.5 cm longis 10-16 cm
longa, 2. 5-3. 5 (rarius 4-5) cm lata. Thyrsi 6-15, raro 18 cm
longi ; bracteae bracteolaeque subulatae, 3-4 mm longae. Sepala
(sub fructu relicta) oblonga, 5-7 mm longa; discus hirsutus.
Capsula 1.8 cm longa, 2.3-3 cm lata. Semina obovoidea, arillo
(sicco) aurantiaco circa apicem obtusum truncate ob tecta, testa
chartacea spadicea ; embryo olivaceo-fuscus, cotyledonibus trans-
versim superpositis, radicula a medio dorso descendente, com-
planata, plica testae levi excepta.
In Philippinarum insula Luzon: A. Loher n. 5891 (Montalban, prov.
Rizal, m. Aug. 1905, fruct.). Hue quoque vix dubie recensenda videtur:
Vidal n. 2525 (San Antonio, prov. Isabela de Luzon, fr.; thyrsi breves;
Hb. Kew.).
If
The Philippine Journal of Science, C. Botany.
Vol. VIII, No. 6, December, 1913.
ENUMERATION OF PHILIPPINE FUNGI WITH NOTES AND
DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES, II
By H. and P. Sydow
{Berlin, Germany)
Seven text figures
UROMYCES Link
UROMYCES LINEARIS Berk. & Br.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity. Bur. Sci. 20638 Graff, March 4, 1913, on
leaves of Panicum repens: Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill S 138, Feb-
ruary 3, 1913, on leaves of the same host: Province of Laguna, Los Banos,
Baker 785, February 1, 1913, on leaves of Panicum flavidum.
UROMYCES HEWITTIAE Syd.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill S HI, February 3, 1913,
on leaves of Hewittia sublobata {H. bicolor).
PUCCINI A Persoon
PUCCINIA EREBIA Syd. sp. nov.
Soris teleutosporiferis amphigenis, plerumque epiphyllis, sine
maculis, irregulariter sparsis vel aggregatis, rotundatis vel irreg-
ularibus, minutis vel confluendo majoribus, 0.3-1 mm diam.,
epidermide fissa cinctis, pulverulentis, atris; teleutosporis ellip-
soideis vel oblongo-ellipsoideis, utrinque late rotundatis, medio
modice constrictis, ubique dense verrucosis, obscure castaneo-
brunneis, 43-60 y longis, 25-30 /x latis, episporio 3.5-4.5 y crasso ;
pedicello persistenti, crasso, hyalino, usque 70 longo.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Merrill S 150, February 22, 1913, on leaves
of Clerodendron commersonii (type) : Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill
8689, January, 1913, on leaves of Clerodendron minahassae.
PUCCINIA ENGLERIANA P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1019, April 20, 1913, on
leaves of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui.
PUCCINIA HETEROSPORA B. et C.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8590, February 24, 1913, on leaves
of Sida veronicae folia.
PUCCINIA PHILIPPINENSIS Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity. Bur. Sci. 20650 Graff, February, 1913, Graff
comm. Merrill S 163, on leaves of Cyperus rotundus.
475
476
1918
The Philippine Journal of Science
HE Ml LEI A Berkeley et Broome
HEMILEIA CANTHII Berk, et Br.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 856Jt, January, 1913, on leaves of
Plectronia (Canthium) peduncularis.
HEMILEIA VASTATRIX Berk, et Br.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20268 McGregor, January,
1913, on leaves of Coffea arabica.
SCHROETERIASTER P. Magnus
SCHROETERIASTER CINGENS Syd.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19019, 19021 Graff, November,
1912, on leaves of Bridelia tomentosa (Uredo stage only).
KUEHNEOLA P. Magnus
KUEHNEOLA GOSSYPII Arth.
Uredo gossypii Lagerh. Journ. Myc. 7 (1891) 48.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 871, March 12, 1913, on
leaves of Gossypium herbaceum: vicinity of Manila, Merrill S US, Jan-
uary 26, 1913, on leaves of Gossypium brasiliense.
COLEOSPORIUM Leveille
COLEOSPORIUM MERRILLII P. Henn.
Luzon, Subprovince of Benguet, Baguio, Baker 1169 coll. Copeland,
May, 1913, on leaves of Spathoglottis chrysantha.
UREDO Persoon
UREDO OPERCULINAE Syd. sp. nov.
Soris uredosporiferis hypophyllis, sparsis, rotundatis, minutis,
0.2-0.5 mm diam., epidermide fissa cinctis, pulverulentis, cinna-
momeis; uredosporis globosis, subglobosis, vel ovatis, breviter
echinulatis, flavo-brunneis vel brunneis, 20-26 y longis, 16-22 y
latis, episporio 1.5-2.5 y crasso.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8385, September, October, 1912, on
leaves of Operculina turpethum.
UREDO NERVISEDA Syd. sp. nov.
Soris uredosporiferis in greges irregulares ca. 2 mm diam. vel
elongates usque 1 cm longos dispositis, fere semper nervisedis,
minutis, 0.3-0.5 mm latis, epidermide fissa cinctis, pulverulentis,
cinnamomeis; uredosporis subglobosis vel ovatis, remote aculea-
tis, brunneis, 26-37 y longis, 20-28 y latis, episporio 1.5-2.5 y
lato, poris germinationis 3 magnis praeditis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1026, April 20, 1913, on
leaves of Wedelia biflora.
The new species is quite distinct from Uredo Wedeliae-biflorae Syd.
VIII, c, 6 Sydoiv: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 477
UREDO ANTIDESMAE-DIOICAE Rac.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8552, January, 1913, on leaves of
Antidesma ghaesembilla.
UREDO NGAMBOENSIS P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 8683, January, 1913, on
leaves of Albizzia lebbeck.
UREDO ABRI P. Henn.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Merrill S 146, January 25, 1913, on leaves
of Abrus precatorius.
AECIDIUM Persoon
AECIDIUM LAGUNENSE Syd. sp. nov.
Pycnidiis amphigenis, flavo-brunneis ; aecidiis hypophyllis, in
greges orbiculares 1-2 cm latos densiuscule dispositis, maculis
flavidis insidentibus, cupulatis, flavis, margine recurvato crasse
inciso; cellulis contextus 24-35 p longis, 22-30 p. latis, pariete
exteriore usque 10 p incrassato et papillis crassis obtusis obsito ;
aecidiosporis globosis vel angulato-globosis, 23-26 p diam., epis-
porio hyalino dense verrucoso-striolato 3-4 p crasso, bine inde
usque 9 p incrassato, contentu aurantiaco,
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1159, 1228, April, 1913>
on living leaves of Telosma.
AECIDIUM CLERODENDRI P. Henn.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8570, January, 1913, on leaves of
Clerodendron intermedium.
AECIDIUM MACHILI P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8675, March, 1913,
on leaves of Machilus.
AECIDIUM PAEDERIAE Diet.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8566, January, 1913; Merrill S 137,
February 10, 1913, on leaves of Paederia tomentosa.
AECIDIUM PHYLLANTHINUM Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8581, February 22, 1913, on leaves
of Phyllanthus reticulatus.
AECIDIUM NUMMULARE Berk.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 742, January 20, 1913,
on leaves of Ceropegia.
GRAPH lOLA Poiteau
GRAPHIOLA CYLINDROSPORA Syd.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8429, November,
1912; and Merrill 8670, March, 1913, on leaves of Livistona.
478 The Philippine Journal of Science leia
EUROTIUM Link
EUROTIUM REPENS De Bary
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, Ramos comm. Merrill S 122, Oc-
tober, 1912, on leaves of Antidesma ghaesembilla associated with an un-
developed Capnodium.
DIMERIELLA Spegazzini
DIMERIELLA CYATHEARUM Syd. sp. nov.
Subiculo hypophyllo, superficial, atro, velutino, crasso, ex
hyphis 5-6 p. crassis obscuris remote septatis et vix vel parum
ramosis composite; peritheciis superficialibus, globosis, astomis,
120-180 p diam., ubique pilis subrectis vel flexuosis obscure brun-
neis remote septatis 40-100 p longis et 5-6 p crassis obsitis,
contextu opaco ex cellulis minutis 5-7 p diam,, parenchymatice
composite ; ascis clavatis, apice rotundatis, subsessilibus, copiose
paraphysatis, 60-70 p longis, 14-16 p latis, octosporis; sporidiis
distichis, oblongis, medio 1-septatis, non constrictis, hyalinis,
14-18 p longis, 4-5 p latis, cellula superiore paullo latiore.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8638, March, 1913,
on leaves of Cyathea caudata.
PARODIELLA Spegazzini
PARODIELLA GRAMMODES (Kze.) Cke. ( = P. perisporioides) .
Panay, Province of Iloilo, Bur. Sci. 18097 Robinson, December 27-31,
1912, on leaves of Desmodium capitatum. Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Mer-
ril S H8, January 11, 1913, on leaves of Desmodium triflorum.
MELIOLA Fries
MELIOLA MITRAGYNES Syd. sp. nov.
Mycelio amphigeno plerumque epiphyllo, tenuiter effuso, laxo,
ex hyphis longiusculis parce ramosis fusco-brunneis 7-9 p latis
composite ; hyphopodiis capitatis numerosis, alternantibus, ovatis
vel oblongis, rectis vel leniter curvatis, 12-17 p longis, 9-13 p
latis, cellula basali minuta, superiore globosa, rotundata, hypho-
podiis mucronatis, plerumque oppositis, ampulliformibus, usque
26 p longis; setis mycelicis numerosis, simplicibus, rectis vel
leniter curvatis, apice acutis, interne opacis, apicem versus plus
minus dilutioribus, 300-425 p longis, 7-9 p latis; peritheciis
sparsis, globosis, atris, glabris, 150-180 p diam., in sicco collap-
sis, ascis ovatis, bisporis, 44-50 p longis, 25-30 p latis, sporidiis
cylindraceis, 4-septatis, ad septa leniter constrictis, utrinque late
rotundatis, obscure brunneis, 35-42 p longis, 14-16 p latis.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20253, 20272 McGregor,
January, 1913, on living leaves of Mitragyne diversifolia.
VIII, c, 6 Sydoiv: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 479
MELIOLA MERRILLII Syd. sp. nov.
Epiphylla, subpelliculosa, atra, velutina, primitus maculas 2-8
mm diam. formans, dein confluens et plus minusve effusa ; mycelio
ramose, anastomosante, fusco-brunneo, ex hyphis septatis 8-10
IX crassis composite ; hyphopodiis capitatis numerosis, alternanti-
bus, 20-26 jx longis, cellula basali brevi, superiore globulosa vel
lenissime lobata, crassa, 11-14 ix lata; hyphopodiis mucronatis
rarioribus, oppositis, ampulliformibus, usque 24 p, longis; setis
mycelicis numerosissimis, erectis, basi geniculatis, 160-220 fx
longis, 9-11 IX latis, septatis, opacis vel subopacis, superne in
ramos duos patentes 35-70 jx longos divisis, ramis ad apicem
sive tantum bi- tridentatis (dentibus 3-10 /x longis), sive rarius
iterum in ramulos duos divisis et ramulis his ad apicem breviter
bi- tridentatis, peritheciis sparsis, globosis, levibus, 140-175 /x
diam.; ascis ovatis, 2-3-sporis, fugacibus; sporidiis oblongis,
4-septatis, ad septa constrictis; fuscis, utrinque late rotundatis,
34-38 /X longis, 12-14 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8672, March, 1913,
on living leaves of Cissus ( ? adnata) .
Meliola Merrillii at first forms small patches which, however, soon run
more or less together. It is most nearly related to M. patens Syd., espe-
cially in the ramification of the mycelial setae, but differs in its external
appearance, in the smaller, not rugose perithecia and by the smaller
sporidia.
MELIOLA PEREGRINA Syd. sp. nov.
Amphigena, maculas atras minutissimas 0.33-1.5 mm diam.
orbiculares formans; mycelio ex hyphis radiantibus ramosis
longiusculis castaneo-brunneis septatis 7-9 /x crassis formato;
hyphopodiis capitatis innumeris, densissime stipatis, alternanti-
bus, obscure brunneis, 12-17 /x longis, 10-12 p latis, cellula supe-
riore late rotundata, inferiore brevi; hyphopodiis mucronatis
rarissimis ; setis nullis ; peritheciis plerumque solitariis in quaque
macula, rotundatis, applanatis, atris, ostiolatis, 200-300 jx latis,
contextu opaco indistincte hyphoideo ; ascis ovatis, bisporis, 45-54
/X longis, 25-35 p latis ; sporidiis oblongis, utrinque late rotundatis,
4-septatis, ad septa constrictis, obscure fuscis, 34-41 jx longis,
12-16 [X latis.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 2025.5 McGregor, January,
1913, on living leaves of Maesa laxa.
The species differs from nearly all representatives of the large genus
Meliola by the flat perithecia of a rather hyphoid tissue. It agrees in
this respect somewhat with M. clavispora Pat.
480
The Philippine Journal of Science
191S
MELIOLA PERPUSILLA Syd. sp. nov.
Ephiphylla, rarius caulicola, maculas minutissimas 0.4-1 mm
latas atras efformans ; myceiio radiante ex hyphis longis remote
ramosis brunneis 8-10 /x, satis composite; hyphopodiis capitatis
tereti-cylindraceis, rectis, erectis, brunneis, 16-24 /x, longis, 8.5-10
fx latis, cellula basali minuta ; hyphopodiis mucronatis non visis ;
setis mycelicis simplicibus, rectis vel leniter flexuosis, apice
acutis, interne subopacis, sursum plerumque pellucidis, 200-320
fx longis, 8-10 fx latis ; peritheciis 1-4 in quaque macula, globosis,
atris, in sicco profunde umbilicatis, 100-150 jx diam., contextu
perenchymatico ex cellulis 8-10 /x diam. composite; ascis ovatis,
2-4-sporis, 30-42 fx longis, 20-30 fx latis, sporidiis oblongis, utrin-
que late rotundatis, 4-septatis, ad septa leniter constrictis, fuscis,
24-28 fx longis, 11-13 fx latis.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20257 McGregor, January,
1913, on living leaves and stems of Tylophora.
The species is -well characterized by forming only very small spots, by
the terete-cylindrical hyphopodia, and the small sporidia.
MELIOLA PELLICULOSA Syd. sp. nov.
Amphigena, foliorum superficiem pellicula plus minus continua
aterrima facile separabili obducens ; myceiio ex hyphis densissime
intertextis obscure fuscis 7-9 /x crassis ramosis septatis com-
posite; hyphopodiis capitatis numerosissimis, breviter cylindra-
ceis vel subclavatis, apice late rotundatis, 14-20 /x longis, 8-10 g
latis, fuscis, cellula basali brevi; hyphopodiis mucronatis rario-
ribus, ampulliformibus, usque 21 /x longis; setis mycelicis rectis,
rigidis, apice acutis, simplicibus, opacis, superne subinde plus
minus dilutioribus, 150-320 /x longis, 7-9 /x latis; peritheciis
sparsis, minutis, globosis, tuberculatis, 100-130 /x diam.; ascis
bisporis, ovatis, 40-50 /x longis, 25-35 g latis ; sporidiis oblongis,
utrinque late rotundatis, 4-septatis, ad septa valde constrictis,
obscure brunneis, 39-45 /x longis, 14-17 g latis.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Merrill S 155, February 22, 1913, on living or
languishing leaves of Lumnitzera racemosa.
In external appearance and microscopical characters the species agrees
fairly well with Meliola gymnosporiae Syd. which, however, produces no
setae.
MELIOLA CYLINDROPHORA Rehm.
Myceiio epiphyllo, rarius hypophyllo, maculas minutas 1-4 mm
latas aegre conspicuas formante, laxo, radiante, ex hyphis longi-
usculis rectis ramosis fuscis 7-8 p. latis septatis composite;
hyphopodiis capitatis numerosissimis, plerumque perfecte oppo-
sitis, cylindraceis, fere semper rectis et aequalibus, apice late
VIII, C, 6
Sycloiv: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
481
rotundatis, 11-16 /x longis, 8-9 /x latis, bicellularibus, cellula basali
brevissima subinde vix conspicua ; hyphopodiis mucronatis rario-
ribus usque 21 ^u. longis ; setis mycelicis paucis, erectis, rectis, ad
basim geniculatis, simplicibus, septatis, apice acutiusculis, inferne
subopacis, apicem versus dilutioribus, 150-340 /x longis, 7-8 /x
latis; peritheciis paucis vel solitariis in quaque macula, globosis,
late umbilicatis, 120-170 p. diam. ; ascis plerumque bisporis, ova-
tis; sporidiis oblongis, utrinque late rotundatis, 4-septatis, ad
septa constrictis, 36-40 p. longis, 15-17 p. latis, fuscis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill S HO, February 3, 1913, on
living leaves of Caesalpinia nuga: Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Mer-
rill 8US7, November, 1912, on leaves of Itea maesaefolia.
The foregoing description we have made from our material on Caesal-
pinia nuga. This form agrees in every respect with that on Itea maesaefolia.
MELIOLA QUADRISPINA Rac.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8655, March, 1913,
on leaves of Hewittia sublobata (H. bicolor) .
MELIOLA PULCHERRIMA Syd.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Bur. Sci. 19313 Reillo, December, 1912, on
leaves of Eugenia jambolana.
MELIOLA CLERODENDRICOLA P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 8688, January, 1913, on
leaves of Clerodendroyi minahassae.
MELIOLA CONFRAGOSA Syd.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8606, March, 1913,
on leaves of Trichosanthes quinquangularis.
MELIOLA DESMODII Karst, et Roum.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19025 Graff, November, 1912, on
leaves of Desmodium virgatum. Bur. Sci. 19058 Graff, November, 1912, on
leaves of Desmodium gangeticum.
MELIOLA SUBSTENOSPORA v. Hoehn., forma.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8653, March, 1913,
on leaves of Oplismenus compositus.
MELIOLA ARUNDINIS Pat.
Panay, Province of Iloilo, Bur. Sci. 18024 Robinson, December 27-31,
1912, on leaves of Saccharum spec.
The specimen agrees fairly well with Patouillard’s description. The
setae, however, are thicker, about 13-16 u, and black throughout their
length.
MELIOLA GYMNOSPORIAE Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8567, January, 1913, on leaves of
Gymnosporia spinosa.
482 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
AITHALODERMA Sydow
AITHALODERMA CLAVATISPORUM Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8550, January, 1913, on leaves of
Antidesma bunius (specimen immature) : Province of Laguna, Los Banos,
Baker 1163, April 17, 1913, on leaves of Psidium guajava; same locality.
Baker 1222, April 22, 1913, on leaves of Sandoricum indicum.
The specimen on Sandoricum agrees perfectly -with the type as described
and figured in Ann. Myc. 1 1 (1913) 258. The specimen on Psidium dif-
fers in having the perithecia beset with fewer or only with a single but
much longer (up to 100 e-) bristle. Perhaps this form must be regarded as
a distinct species.
ENGLERULA P. Hennings
ENGLERULA MEDINILLAE (Rac.) v. Hoehn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8i39, November, 1912,
on leaves of Medinilla myriantha, and Merrill 86JfJt, March, 1913, on
leaves of Medinilla spec; Subprovince of Ifugao, Mt. Polis, Bur. Sci. 19900
McGregor, February, 1913, on leaves of Medinilla compressicaulis.
GUIGNARDIA Viala et Ravaz
GUIGNARDIA CREBERRIMA Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, magnis, 1-6 cm longis, saepe confluen-
tibus et magnam folii partem occupantibus, griseis vel ochraceo-
griseis, linea angusta obscure purpurea cinctis; peritheciis epi-
phyllis vel amphigenis, numerosis, plerumque per totam maculam
dense dispositis, immersis, tandem vertice plus minusve promi-
nulis, globulosis, atris, 120-175 g diam., membranaceo-coriaceis,
contextu opace parenchymatico ex cellulis 6-8 g diam. composite ;
ascis fasciculatis, clavatis vel clavato-saccatis, apice rotundatis
et leniter incrassatis, breviter stipitatis, 60-90 g longis, 16-20 p
latis, octosporis; paraphysibus genuinis nullis; sporidiis ple-
rumque fere distichis continuis, ellipsoideo-oblongis, utrinque
late rotundatis, hyalinis, saepe grosse 2-guttatis, crasse tuni-
catis, 15-16.5 g longis, 8-9 g latis.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Merrill S 139, December 22, 1912, on living
leaves of Capparis horrida: same locality, Merrill 85Uh, 8578, January,
February, 1913, on same host.
MYCOSPHAERELLA Johanson
MYCOSPHAERELLA MUSAE Speg.
Maculis orbicularibus vel ellipticis, griseis, 0.5-1. 3 cm longis,
distinctis; peritheciis sparsis, minutis, atris, 60-75 g diam., con-
textu parenchymatico fusco ex cellulis 6-7 g diam. composite,
pertusis ; ascis fasciculatis, saccatis, aparaphysatis, 35-48 g
longis, 12-16 g latis; sporidiis di- tristichis, oblongis, apice
vm, c, 6 Sydoiv : Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 483
truncato-rotundatis, medio 1-septatis, non constrictis, hyalinis,
2-4-guttulatis, 12-15 /a longis, 3.5-4 jx latis,
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 21, September 10, 1912,
on dying leaves of Musa sapientium.
We are not quite sure that our specimen really is identical with Spegaz-
zini’s species, which is unknown to us. We have drawn the above descrip-
tion from the Philippine specimen.
MYCOSPHAERELLA PERICAMPYLI Syd.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 8679, January, 1913: Province
of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1065, May 1, 1913, both specimens on leaves
of Pericampylus incanus.
DIDYMELLA Saccardo
DIDYMELLA CARICAE Tassi
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 903, April 8, 1913, on
dead petioles of Carica Papaya.
DIDYMOSPHAERIA Fuckel
DIDYMOSPHAERIA STRIATULA Penz. et Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mt. Mariveles, Graff, comm. Merrill S 156,
November, 1912, on dead bamboo.
HYPOSPILA Fries
HYPOSPILA AMBIGUA Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis maculiformiter aggregatis, pseudostromate atro
tenui cinctis, globulosis, atris, immersis, circiter 100-140 p.
diam., coriaceo-membranaceis, ostiolo minuto papilliformi ; ascis
clavatis vel saccatis, brevissime stipitatis, indistinte filiformiter
paraphysatis, 38-52 p longis, 11-15 p latis, octosporis; sporidiis
1-3-stichis, subfusoideis, rectis vel leniter inaequilateris, utrin-
que obtuse attenuatis, 3-septatis, hyalinis, non constrictis, 15-20
p longis, 4-5 p latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Limay, Bur. Sci. 19067 Graff, November,
1912, on dead stems of bamboo.
MERRILLIOPELTIS P. Hennings
MERRILLIOPELTIS HOEHNELII Rehm. (Fig. 1.)
Peritheciis solitariis vel saepius plus minus dense maculifor-
miter dispositis, pseudostromate tenui atro eifuso saepe con-
junctis, sublenticularibus, 300-650 p latis, 120-200 p altis, atris,
epidermide atrata nitidula tectis, ostiolo minutissimo vix per-
spicuo praeditis, contextu opaco; ascis longe clavatis, apice
valde incrassatis, basi stipitatis, 220-320 p longis, 12-16 p latis,
in perithecio fere horizontaliter stipatis; paraphysibus per-
484
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
paucis; sporidiis distichis, fusiformibus, saepe leniter inaequi-
lateris, medio 1-septatis non constrictis, hyalinis, utrinque longe
et acutissime attenuatis et quasi aristatis, 50-75 longis, 7.5-10
{X latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 866U, March, 1913,
on dead Arenga saccharif era.
We have made the above description from our material. The perithecia
are often provided with a very thin pseudostroma which combines some
of them. The position of the asci is very peculiar. As the perithecia are
much flattened and measure only up to 200 ix in height, and the asci are
up to 320 fx long, the latter cannot stand upright, but are placed parallel
to the surface of the substratum. In the perithecium on the left side of
our figure the point of attachment is nearly in the middle, while that on
the right shows a distinctly lateral attachment of the asci.
C
Fig. 1. Merrilliopeltis Hoehnelii Rehm. a, Section through two perithecia (X75) ; h, ascus
(X340) ; c, two sporidia (X620).
MERRILLIOPELTIS DAEMONOROPIS Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis in maculis 1-3 cm longis densiuscule dispositis,
pseudostromate spurio effuso saepe conjunctis, lenticularibus,
200-400 jx latis epidermide lenissime elevata sed vix atrata
tectis, ostiolo vix perspicuo praeditis, contextu opaco parenchy-
matico ex cellulis 8-10 g diam. composite; ascis longe clavatis;
paraphysibus nullis vel perpaucis; sporidiis 2-4-stichis, inaequi-
lateris, medio 1-septatis non constrictis, ad apices acutissimis,
hyalinis, 100-120 g longis, 8-10 g latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8U28, November,
1912, on dead Daemonorops Gaudichaudii.
Although the material at hand is already somewhat old we are certain
that the fungus belongs to Merrilliopeltis. The sporidia at both ends
taper to a long very acute point. The asci must be very long, but we
cannot give their measurements, as we have not seen entire asci.
VIII, c, 6 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 485
ANTHOSTOMELLA Saccardo
ANTHOSTOMELLA DISCOPHORA Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis sparsis vel binis trinis consociatis, planis, lenti-
cularibus, ambitu rotundatis, 0.5-1 mm diam,, centre immersis,
atris, opacis, areola plana marginata circulari minuta sed semper
bene distincta medio obtuse papillata praeditis; ascis jam re-
sorptis; sporidiis ellipsoideis, continuis, utrinque obtusulis,
fuscis, 11-15 /X longis, 5-7 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19009 19010 Graff, November,
1912, on dead stems of bamboo.
ROSELLINIA de Notaris
ROSELLINIA M EGALOSPERM A Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis solitariis vel paucis aut compluribus aggregatis,
subiculo omnino destitutis, superficialibus vel basi applanata
paullo immersis, semiglobosis vel parum elongatis, glabris, levi-
bus, atris, ostiolo minuto papilliformi nitenti praeditis, carbona-
ceis, ca. 1 mm altis, 0.7-0. 9 mm latis ; ascis clavatis, apice rotun-
datis, 150-180 IX longis, 20-28 ix latis, paraphysatis ; sporidiis
distichis vel raro subtristichis, oblongis, utrinque lenissime at-
tenuatis, sed apicibus plerumque obtusis, continuis, fuligineo-
fuscis, 45-88 /x longis, 12-16 /x latis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8510, January, 1913, on dead twigs
of Streblus asper.
ROSELLINIA MERRILLII Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis gregariis vel dense confertis, plagulas longe lateque
effusas formantibus, e subiculo adnato tomentoso denso atro-
fusco ex hyphis fuscis septatis 3-3.5 /x crassis composite persis-
tenti emergentibus, globosis, firmis, 1 mm diam., glabris, in
parte inferiore minute rugolosis, superiore parte levibus, opace
atris, distincte papillatis; ascis teretibus, 170-230 p. longis, 12-14
[X latis, octosporis; sporidiis monostichis, ellipsoideo-fusoideis,
utrinque subobtusis, continuis, obscure brunneis, 25-30 p. longis,
9-11 p latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8660, March, 1913,
on thick decorticated twigs.
The species is nearly related to Rosellinia aquila (Fr.) de Not., but
differs in the larger sporidia.
ROSELLINIA CALAMI P. Henn.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8383, 8481, September, November,
1912, on dead bamboo.
4S6 Philippine Journal of Science isis
HYPOXYLON Bulliard
HYPOXYLON MARGINATUM (Schw.) Berk.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19055 Graff, November, 1912, on
dead tw^igs.
HYPOXYLON RUBIGINOSUM (Pers.) Fr.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mt. Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 19063, 19081 Graff,
November, 1912, on dead log.
NUMMULARIA Tulasne
NUMMULARIA ANTHRACODES (Fr.) Mont.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mt. Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 19026 Graff,
November, 1912, on dead bark.
ASTROCYSTIS Berkeley et Broome
ASTROCYSTIS MIRABILIS Berk, et Br.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, Bur. Sci. 16830 (in part) Ramos,
October, 1912, on dead Bamhusa spec, in society with Trichosporium oli-
vatrum Sacc. ; Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19007 Graff November, 1912,
on bamboo.
Rosellinia Bambusae P. Henn., described in Hedwigia 47 (1908) 256,
and based on material from Mt. Arayat, Province of Pampanga, Luzon
{Merrill 5030) is the same as Astrocystis mirabilis.
ASTROSPHAERIELLA Sydow
ASTROSPHAERIELLA FUSISPORA Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8383, in part, September, 1912, on
dead bamboo, in society with Rosellinia Calami P. Henn.
It is interesting to note the occurrence of this species in the Phil-
ippines, as it has been recently described from Japan (Annal. Myc. 11
(1913) 261).
APIOSPORELLA von Hoehnel
APIOSPORELLA ABERRANS Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis plus minus aequaliter dispersis, solitarie in stro-
mate effuso atro parce evoluto insidentibus, globosis, atris,
subcarbonaceis, vertice per epidermidem fissam erumpentibus,
150-190 p. diam., distincte papillatis, pariete crasso, infeme vix
evoluto, contextu opaco, nucleo albo; ascis clavatis, apice rotun-
datis, breviter stipitatis, 52-75 p longis, 16-19 p latis, octosporis,
filiformiter paraphysatis, sporidiis distichis, ellipsoideis vel
oblongis, utrinque obtusis, diu continuis, tandem prope basim
distincte 1-septatis, hyalinis, 16-26 p longis, 6.5-11.5 p latis,
cellula inferiore 3-4 p tantum longa,
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8U75, November, 1912. Bur. Sci.
19135, 206A5 Graff, December, 1912, and January, 1913, all on dead bamboo;
Merrill 8U70, November, 1912, on dead Bambusa Blumeana.
VIII, C, 6
Syclow : Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
487
The fungus is not a typical member of the genus Apiosporella, as the
perithecia, although solitary, are usually situated with their bases upon a
more or less effused black stroma and the lowest portion of the perithecial
wall is hardly developed. It cannot be placed among the Dothideaceae,
as the perithecia have distinct papillae. The sporidia are very long,
unicellular, and only at perfect maturity are they 1-septate near the base.
DIATRYPELLA Cesati et de Notaris
DIATRYPELLA PSIDII Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus sparsis vel laxe aggregatis, tuberculari-erumpen-
tibus, 0.8-1. 8 mm diam., rotundatis, atris, cortice fisso arete
cinctis, opacis, rugulosis; peritheciis 5-12 in singulo stromate
congestis globosis vel lateraliter compressis, 300-450 p diam.,
ostiolo papilliformi conico brevi vel saepe etiam plus minus elon-
gate donatis; ascis clavatis, apice late rotundatis, p. sp. 50-60 p
longis, 10-16 p latis, polysporis; sporidiis allantoideis, hyalinis
vel subhyalinis, in cumulo flavo-brunneolis, rectis vel leniter
curvatis, 5-6.5 p longis, 1-1.5 p latis.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Vanoverhergh 2510, January, 1913, on
twigs of Psidium guajava.
MICROPELTELLA Sydow
MICROPELTELLA M EGASPERM A Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis epiphyllis, sparsis, superficialibus, atris, opacis,
orbicularibus, 500-900 p diam., alato-scutatis, marginem versus
pellucide coeruleis ibique ex hyphis ca. 1.5 p latis maeandrice
curvatis dense intertextis compositis, praeterea zona tenuissima
membranacea hyalina plus minus lata (40-60 p) saepe latissima
(usque 160 p) ex hyphis tenuissimis ca. 1 p latis composita cinc-
tis, ostiolo rotundato 20-25 p lato distincto ; ascis sessilibus, f usi-
formi-clavatis vel cylindraceo-clavatis, crasse tunicatis, 150-200
p longis, 26-35 p latis, aparaphysatis, 2-8-sporis; sporidiis dis-
tichis, oblongo-fusoideis, 2-septatis, rare 3-septatis (septis cras-
sis), hyalinis, 65-75 p longis, 10-16 p latis, cellulis subaequi-
longis, cellula superiore latiore, intus minute granulosis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 20^82 Ramos, Feb-
ruary, 1913, on living leaves of Eugenia spec.
The perithecia have a more or less broad hyaline margin which is
sometimes up to 180 m wide. The asci contain either 8 spores or only
6, 4, or 2 spores. The latter are very variable in size. In younger asci
they measure only about 30-40 m in length and 10-16 p in breadth, but,
when in full maturity, they attain 75 in length and 35 p in breadth.
The species certainly comes very near to Micropeltis bogoriensis v. Hoehn.
Fragmente zur Mykologie XIV, p. 8.
122078 6
488
1913
The Philippine Journal of Science
MICRO PELT IS Montagne
MICROPELTIS SEMECARPI Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis epiphyllis, sine maculis, in greges 1-4 cm latos
aequaliter densiusculeque dispositis, dimidiatis, centre elevatis,
minute papillulatis et pertusis, orbicularibus, 200-240 /x diam.,
atris, glabris, contextu ex hyphis tenuibus olivaceo-brunneis
flexuosis vel etiam ramosis non vel vix septatis 1-1.5 /x latis sub-
radiatim composite, margine plus minus lato albo-membranaceo
tenuissimo cinctis ; ascis cylindraceo-clavatis, apice obtusis, 45-55
fjL longis, 8-11 fx latis, octosporis; paraphysibus copiosis simpli-
cibus, filiformibus, 50-60 jx longis, 0,75 ix latis; sporidiis oblique
monostichis usque distichis, fusoideis, prime 1-septatis, dein 2-
septatis, constrictis, hyalinis, utrinque obtusis, 15-18 p. longis,
3-5 IX latis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8568, January, 1913, on leaves
of Semecarpus cuneiformis.
Rehm (supra 190) mentions a Micropeltis on the same host, collected
by Baker at Los Banos. Our form, however, is a quite different species.
SEYNESIA Saccardo
SEYNESIA IPOMOEAE Syd. sp. nov.
Mycelio nullo; peritheciis epiphyllis, in maculas 0.5-1. 5 cm latas
orbiculares dense dispositis, atris, applanatis, pusillis, 55-100
IX diam., stellatim dehiscentibus et aetate plus minus late apertis,
contextu radiate atro opaco ex hyphis crassiusculis composite;
ascis ovato-globosis, 30-35 ix longis, 24-28 p latis, aparaphysatis,
octosporis; sporidiis conglobatis, ellipsoideo-oblongis, medio 1-
septatis et leniter constrictis, utrinque rotundatis, ex hyalino
flavo-brunneolis, tandem fuscis, levibus, 15-17 p longis, 7.5-8.5
n latis, cellula superiore saepe latiore.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8591, February, 1913, on living
leaves of Ipomoea obscura.
ASTER! N A Leveille
ASTERINA PUSILLA Syd. sp. nov.
Epiphylla, maculas parum conspicuas minutas vel confluendo
majores et efFusas formas; mycelio ex hyphis longiusculis dilute
fuscis vix vel parce septatis parum ramosis 3.5-4.5 p crassis com-
posite; hyphopodiis continuis, alternantibus, fere semper 2-3-
lobatis (lobis obtusis), usque 10 /x longis, saepe latioribus quam
altioribus, peritheciis laxe gregariis, minutissimis, 70-80 p diam.,
tenuissimis, radiatim strato simplici contextis, e centre ad mar-
ginem versus stellatim dehiscentibus, contextu ex hyphis 2-3 p
VIII, c, 6 Sydoiv: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 489
latis regulariter composito 17-20 p. latis, octosporis, aparaphy-
aatis; sporidiis 1-septatis et valde constrictis, levibus, fuscis,
16-20 jx longis, 7-8 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19061 Graff, November, 1912, on
living leaves of Premna nauseosa (type); same locality. Bur. Sci. 19016
Graff, on leaves of another Premna.
ASTERINA ESCHAROIDES Syd.
Epiphylla, maculas minutas 1-4 mm latas atras efficiens, my-
celio parco, ex hyphis anastomosantibus remote septatis fuscis
levibus 3. 5-5.5 p, crassis composito; hyphopodiis paucis, irregula-
ribus, bicellularibus, cellula basali plerumque breviter cylin-
dracea, superiore multo latiore parum lobata et 8-10 fx. lata, totis
12-18 fx longis; peritheciis aggregatis, rotundatis, 130-170 jx
diam., stellatim dehiscentibus, contextu ex hyphis rectis fuscis
2.5-3 fx latis radiatim composito; ascis globosis vel subglobosis,
aparaphysatis, 26-40 p. longis, 24-32 p, latis, octosporis ; sporidiis
oblongis, utrinque rotundatis, medio 1-septatis et leniter con-
strictis, primitus hyalinis, dein brunneis, in maturitate minute
verruculosis, 17-22 fx longis, 8-12 p, latis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8601, February, 1913, on living
leaves of Quisqualis indica.
The above diagnosis of Asterina escharoides Syd., first described in
Elmer’s Lead. Philip. Bot. 4 (1911) 1155, has been made from the Manila
material.
ASTERINA CAPPARIDIS Syd. et Butl.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8598, February 10, 1913, on leaves
of Cap-paris horrida.
ASTERINA ELAEOCARPI Syd.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8669, March, 1913,
on leaves of Elaeocarpus argenteus.
ASTERINA PEMPHIDIOIDES Cke.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19075 Graff, November, 1912, on
leaves of Eugenia, perhaps E. similis.
ASTERINA SPONIAE Rac.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8657, March, 1913.
Panay, Province of Iloilo, Bur. Sci. 18251 Robinson, January 1-11, 1913,
both specimens on leaves of Trema amboinensis.
ASTERINA ELMERI Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8536, January, 1913: Province of
Bataan, Merrill 8699, January, 1913, Bur. Sci. 19060 Graff, November,
1912, all specimens on leaves of Champeria manillana.
490 The Philippine Journal of Science leis
ASTERINA CASSIAE Syd/
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 8687, January, 1913: Prov-
ince of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19012 Graff, November, 1912, both specimens
on leaves of Glochidion llanosii.
ASTERINELLA Theissen
ASTERINELLA OBESA Syd. sp. nov.
Epiphylla, maculas atras laxas rotundatas 2-8 mm diam.
efformans; mycelio laxo, ex hyphis longis parce ramosis et
remote septatis obscure brunneis crassis 6-10 p, latis composite ;
hyphopodiis nullis ; peritheciis laxe aggregatis, fere semper
elongatis et 250-400 p, longis, 125-200 p, latis, rarius rotundatis,
centre elevatis, rima longitudinali apertis aterrimis, amoene
radiatim contextis, contextu opace olivaceo-atro ex hyphis 3.5-
4.5 /j, latis obscure olivaceo-brunneis fimbriatis; ascis globosis,
subglobosis vel ovatis, aparaphysatis, 50-60 p, longis, 40-52 p,
latis; sporidiis conglobatis, ellipsoideis vel ellipsoideo-oblongis,
ex hyaline obscure olivaceo-brunneis, levibus, 32-38 p longis,
16-20 p latis, cellula superiore maxima, inferiore minima 7-10
p tantum longa et omnino appendiculiformi saepe dilutiore.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20265 McGregor, Jan-
uary, 1913, on leaves of Canarium villosum.
This is in some respects a very interesting member of the genus Aster-
inella, as the hyphae both of the mycelium and of the perithecial tissue
are, by comparison, very thin, and the sporidia are very unequally
septate, the lower cell being only an appendix of the upper larger one.
ASTERINELLA LORANTHI Syd. sp. nov.
Hypophylla, maculas atras irregulares plus minus longas
efformans, saepe totam folii superficiem occupans; mycelio par-
cissimo, ex hyphis anastomosantibus parcissime septatis flavo-
brunneis usque brunneis 4-6 p latis composite; hyphopodiis
nullis; peritheciis laxe aggregatis, rotundatis, 140-180 p diam.,
subcarbonaceis, stellatim dehiscentibus et mox late apertis,
atris, contextu radiate olivaceo-fusco ex hyphis breviter articu-
latis (articulis 6-8 p longis, 2.5-4 p latis) strato simplici com-
posite, ascis globosis usque ovatis, 45-60 p longis, 32-45 p latis,
octosporis; sporidiis ellipsoideo-oblongis utrinque late rotunda-
tis, medio 1-septatis et valde constrictis (loculis facile seceden-
* Reexamination of the type material of Asterina cassiae Syd. shows
that the host is Glochidion llanosii and not Cassia timoriensis. The cor-
rection as to the host should be made on the label of Sydow’s Fungi exotici
exsiccati No. 135. E. D. M.
VIII, c, 6 Sydoiv: Enumeration of Philip^nne Fungi 491
tibus) mox fusco-atris, tota superficie verrucosis, 26-34 /x longis,
14-16 n latis; pycnidiosporis simul praesentibus continuis, sub-
globosis vel ovatis, fuscis, 18-22 jx longis, 13-15 fx latis.
Leyte, Dagami, Bur. Sci. 152Jt3a Ramos, August, 1912, on living leaves
of Loranthus leytensis.
The mature sporidia are very dark, nearly black. We have seen 8-spored
asci, but some of them seen to have only 4 or 6 spores.
ASTERINELLA LUZONENSIS Syd. sp, nov.
Mycelio hypophyllo, plerumque parcissimo, vix visibili, ex
hyphis longiusculis flexuosis anastomosantibus fusco-brunneis
3.5-5 (X latis septatis (articulis 16-22 y longis) levibus com-
posito ; hyphopodiis nullis ; peritheciis plerumque in greges 0.5-1
cm latos laxissime dispositis, inversis, variabilibus, aut ambitu
rotundatis, aut irregularibus usque valde elongatis, 150-200 p,
diam. vel usque 800 y longis et 170 fx latis, strato simplici ex
hyphis rectis fusco-brunneis 3.5-4 /x latis contextis, poro centrali
vel rima longitudinal! dehiscentibus ; ascis globosis vel subglo-
bosis, 50-62 /x longis, 40-52 /x latis, octosporis, aparaphysatis ;
sporidiis oblongis, utrinque rotundatis, medio 1-septatis, vix vel
leniter constrictis, levibus, tandem brunneis, 29-33 p. longis,
13-15 n latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19033 Graff, November, 1912, on
leaves of Shorea polysperma.
The new species is related to Asterinella Humiriae (P. Henn.) Theiss.,
but differs chiefly by the larger, often elongated, perithecia.
ASTERINELLA LUGUBRIS Syd. sp. nov.
Mycelio epiphyllo, tenui, plus minus effuso, parce maculiformi,
ex hyphis laxe intertextis 3-5 y crassis fuscis longiusculis ra-
mosis non vel parce septatis composite; hyphopodiis nullis;
peritheciis sparsis, variabilibus, aut rotundatis et 100-140 p
diam., aut valde elongatis et usque 600 p longis, 70-120 p latis,
subinde etiam triangularibus, ambitu hyphis radiantibus cinc-
tis, stellatim vel rima longitudinal! dehiscentibus, pluristratosis,
contextu atro opaco ; ascis ovatis vel oblongis, sessilibus, 35-50 p
longis, 24-26 p latis, octosporis; paraphysibus numerosis, dis-
tinctis, ramosis, hyalinis, ad apicem lenissime incrassatis, spori-
diis oblongis, utrinque rotundatis, medio 1-septatis et valde
constrictis, levibus, tandem fuscis, 18-24 p longis, 8-9 p latis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8557, January, 1913, on leaves of
Ixora philippinensis.
492 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
ASTERINELLA DISTINGUENDA Syd. sp. nov.
Mycelio amphigeno, tenui, plus minus effuso, parce maculi-
formi, ex hyphis laxe intertextis 3-5 ^ crassis fuscis longiusculis
ramosis anastomosantibus parce septatis composite; hyphopo-
diis nullis ; peritheciis aggregatis, irregularibus, plerumque ellip-
ticis vel oblongis, rarius rotundatis, 150-225 )x longis, 100-170 p,
latis, ambitu hyphis radiantibus cinctis, stellatim vel rima longi-
tudinal! dehiscentibus, tendem plus minus late apertis, pluri-
stratosis, contextu atro opaco; ascis globosis usque ovatis, ses-
silibus, 20-35 longis, 15-19 p. latis, octosporis, aparaphysatis ;
sporidiis conglobatis, ovato-oblongis, medio 1-septatis et leniter
constrictis, ex hyalino olivaceo-fuscis, levibus, 12-14 jx longis,
5.5-0.5 /X latis, loculo superiore plerumque latiore, pycnidiis si-
mul praesentibus peritheciis simillimis; pycnidiosporis subrec-
tis usque falcatis, continuis, hyalinis, 15-18 p, longis, 1-1.5 /x
latis ; basidiis brevissimis 4-6 /x longis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8511, January, 1913, on leaves of
Ixora philippinensis.
In external appearance this species agrees entirely ■with Asterinella
lugubris Syd. from the same host. It differs, however, by the smaller
perithecia which are usually not much elongated, by the smaller asci and
sporidia, and in the absence of paraphyses. The pycnidiospores mentioned
in our description seem to belong to the Asterinella, as they are formed
in pycnidia quite similar to the perithecia of the ascigerous stage.
TRICHOTHYRIUM Spegazzini
TRICHOTHYRIUM ORBICULARE Syd. sp. nov. (Fig. 2.)
Hypophyllum, in mycelio Meliolae parasiticum, mycelio hyphas
Meliolae omnino amplectente et pelliculam tenuem fere continuam
efformante, ex hyphis obscure olivaceo-fuscis ramosis et anas-
tomosantibus vix vel parce septatis, 2-3 p latis (permultis tenuio-
ribus et pallidioribus subhyalinis interjectis) composite; hypho-
podiis nullis ; peritheciis radiatim oriundis, dense stipatis, ambitu
omnino orbicularibus, 125-150 p diam., atris, dimidiato-scutatis.
centre ostiolo rotundo 15-25 p lato distincto praeditis, contextu
obscure fusco saepe subopaco, centro dilutiore, amoene radiatim
ex hyphis 2.5-3 p latis fuscis composite ; ascis ovato-oblongis vel
oblongis, sessilibus, apice rotundatis, non vel leniter incrassatis,
octosporis, non paraphysatis, 35-50 p longis, 15-18 p latis ; spori-
diis distichis, subinde tristichis, ovato-oblongis, medio 1-septatis,
non vel leniter constrictis, hyalinis, 14-17 p longis, 3-4.5 p latis,
cellula superiore latiore.
VIII, C, 6
Sydoiv : Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
493
Luzon, Subprovince Ifugao, Mt. Polis, Bur. Sci. 19903 McGregor, Feb-
ruary, 1913, living on the mycelium of a Meliola on leaves of Helicia sp.
The sporidia are hyaline and the subiculum is not composed of isolated
hyphae but forms a continuous thin pellicle in which thick brown hyphae
are to be seen. The space between these brown hyphae is entirely filled
by much thinner and nearly colorless hyphae. The material at hand seems
to be slightly immature. Perhaps the sporidia in full maturity become
more than two-celled.
Fig. 2. Trichothyrium orbiculare Syd. a, Subiculum and perithecia (X60) ; h, longitudinal
section through a perithecium (X190) ; c, two asci (X400) ; d, two sporidia (X600).
GIBBERELLA Saccardo
GIBBERELLA CREBERRIMA Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis gregariis, saepe seriatim dispositis, superficialibus,
caulem longe lateque obtegentibus, caespitoso-confluentibus et
concrescentibus, coriaceo-submembranaceis, leniter verrucosis,
ovoideis, demum apice cupuliformiter collapsis, basi contracta
saepe subpedicellatis, atris, 150-275 g altis, 120-200 g latis, papil-
latis, contextu parenchymatico pallide violaceo ex cellulis 8-12 ix
diam. composite; ascis clavatis, sessilibus, 70-100 g longis, 12-20
g latis, octosporis, indistincte paraphysatis* ; sporidiis oblique mo-
nostichis vel saepius distichis, ellipsoideo-oblongis, utrinque ro-
tundatis, 3-septatis, ad septa non constrictis, hyalinis, guttulatis,
18-22 /X longis, 7-9 y, latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1029, April 20, 1913, on
living stems of Scleria spec.
494 The Philippine Journal of Science 1913
HYPOCRELLA Saccardo
HYPOCRELLA MELAENA Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus hypophyllis, ad nervos foliis evolutis, solitariis vel
saepius aggregatis et confluentibus, magnis, rotundatis, pulvina-
tis, 2-8 mm longis vel latis, confluendo subinde etiam majoribus,
lata basi sessilibus, quoad crassitudinen variabilibus, sive planis,
sive medio plus minus convexis, levibus, glabris, aterrimis, opa-
cis, intus albido-lignosis ; peritheciis monostichis, omnino im-
mersis, globoso-conicis, 150-225 /x diam., in quoque stromate
numerosissimis ; ascis cylindraceis vel clavato-cylindraceis, apice
rotundatis, deorsum pedicellatis, 120-145 p, longis, 8-14 n latis;
sporidiis mox jam in asco in segmenta secedentibus, articulis
6-9 yti longis, 1-1.5 p, latis, hyalinis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 206H. Ramos, Feb-
ruary, 1913, on leaves of Dillenia philippinensis.
This is a very conspicuous species, easily recognized by the large, often
confluent, black stromata which are nearly always developed on the veins
of leaves..
PHYLLACHORA Nitschke
PHYLLACHORA PHASEOLINA Syd. sp. nov.
Stromatibus epiphyllis, sparsis, leniter convexis, in hypophyllo
non vel parum conspicuis, irregularibus, minutis, 0.4-1 mm diam.,
atris, opacis, intus paucilocularibus ; ascis cylindraceis vel clava-
tis, 40-50 IX longis, 10-14 p. latis, octosporis ; sporidiis subglobosis
vel late ellipsoideis, continuis, hyalinis, 8-10 p longis, 5-7 p latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 106 Jt, May 1, 1913, on
living leaves of Phaseolus calcaratus.
PHYLLACHORA ROTTBOELLIAE Syd. et Butl.
Stromatibus plerumque in utraque foliorum pagina conspicuis,
elongatis, 0.3-1. 5 cm longis 1-2 mm latis, innatis, atris, opacis,
glabris, loculis numerosis praeditis; ascis clavatis, 80-110 p
longis, 18-20 p latis, octosporis, paraphysatis ; sporidiis monos-
tichis vel oblique monostichis, ellipsoideis, utrinque obtusis vel
leniter attenuatis, continuis, hyalinis, 15-20 p longis, 8-11 p latis.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Vanoverbergh 2520, January, 1913, on leaves
of RottboelUa exaltata.
As will be seen from the above description the stromata, asci, and
sporidia are larger than given in the original diagnosis in Annal. Mycol. 9:
400, owing to the fact that the Philippine material is better developed.
PHYLLACHORA CANARII P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20269 McGregor, January,
1913, on leaves of Canarium villosum.
VIII, C, 6
Syclotv : Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
495
PHYLLACHORA ROUREAE Syd.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Mt. Mariveles, Bur. Sci. 1902^ Graff, No-
vember, 1912, on leaves of Rourea erecta.
PHYLLACHORA MINUTA P. Henn.
Luzon, Bontoc Subprovince, Vanoverbergh 2518, January, 1913, on leaves
of Hibiscus tiliaceus.
PHYLLACHORA CYNODONTIS (Sacc.) Niessl.
Luzon, Vicinity of Manila, Merrill S H7, January 25, 1913, on leaves of
Cynodon Dactylon.
AUERSWALDIA Saccardo
AUERSWALDIA MERRILLII P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8607, March, 1913,
on leaves of Freycinetia sp.
DISCODOTHIS von Hoehnel
DISCODOTHIS LOBATA Syd. sp. hov. (Fig. 3).
Stromatibus hypophyllis, solitariis vel saepius binis usque
quaternis caespitosis, superficialibus, sed matrici arete adhae-
rentibus, valde irregularibus, rotundatis, oblongis vel varie cur-
vatis aut lobatis, 1-2 mm longis, 0.8-1.3 mm latis, crassis, aterri-
mis, opacis, subcarbonaceis, primitus hyphis simplicibus fuscis
usque 100 g longis 4 g crassis saepe lenissime torulosis dense
obsessis, tandem glabris; loculis paucis, majusculis et planis, mox
omnino confluentibus et hymenium continuum planum tandem
liberum formantibus, ostiolis nullis, contextu ad marginem ex
cellulis elongatis, in medio parenchymatico ex cellulis isodia-
metricis rotundatis vel angulatis composite, ascis clavatis, sessi-
libus, ad apicem rotundatis et saepe incrassatis, 60-80 g longis,
15-18 g latis, octosporis ; paraphysibus perpaucis ramosis, tenui-
bus, hyalinis, superne cum particulis brunneis irregularibus
stratum tenue vel quasi epithecium fuscum formantibus; spo-
ridiis distichis, ovato-oblongis vel ellipsoideo-oblongis, utrinque
obtusis, medio 1-septatis, non constrictis, ex hyaline dilute brun-
neis, 17-20 g longis, 6.5-8 g latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8631, March, 1913,
on living or dying leaves of Cyathea caudata.
Up to the present time, only one member of the interesting genus Dis-
codothis had been known, D. Filicum v. Hoehn. growing on fern-leaves in
Java. The new species differs in many respects from the type species, as,
for example, the stromata are somewhat larger, but extremely variable in
shape, being often lobate, and thicker, the asci are more or less thickened
and the sporidia are larger. The material at hand shows the ascus-stage
of the new species in plentiful development. The bases of the ascomata
496
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
are composed of small, yellow-brown, indistinct, and thick-walled cells, the
margins of long, nearly fibrous, black-brown cells with very thick walls.
The tissue in the midst of the ascomata is formed of rounded, angular or
isodiametric, parenchymatous cells which also have very thick walls. The
hymenial layer is interspersed with small and irregular brown particles.
The same particles together with the ends of the poorly developed para-
physes form a brown layer over the asci. The few, large and flat loculi
soon run entirely together, forming one large and continuous hymenium.
Fig. 3. Discodothis lobata Syd. a, A fragment of the leaf with 4 stromata (XIO) ; 6, longi-
tudinal section through a group of stromata (X70) ; c, longitudinal section through
the hymenium (X400) ; d, two sporidia (X700).
SCIRRHIA Nitschke
SCIRRHIA LUZONENSIS P. Henn.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8628, March, 1913,
on leaves of Schizotachyum spec.
SCIRRHIA SERIATA Syd. et Butl.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling Brown S 168, March, 1913;
Los Banos, Foxworthy S 160, January, 1913, both on leaves of Gigantochloa
Scribneriana.
GLONIUM Muhlenberg
GLONIUM BAMBUSINUM Syd. sp. nov.
Peritheciis sparsis vel seriatim dispositis, sessilibus, oblongis,
0.5-1 mm longis, 0.25 mm circiter latis, rima tenuissima percur-
sis, atris, subcarbonaceis ; ascis anguste clavatis, apice obtusis,
VIII, c, 6 Sydoiv : Eyiumeration of Philippine Fungi 497
44-52 fx longis, 8-9 /x, latis, octosporis ; paraphysibus filiformibus,
hyalinis, tenuibus, 1 /x latis; sporidiis oblique monostichis usque
distichis, ellipsoides vel oblongis, medio 1-septatis, leniter con-
strictis ; hyalinis, 6-9 ix longis, 3-4 fx latis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19005 Graff, November, 1912, on
dead stems of bamboo.
LOPHODERMIUM Chevallier
LOPHODERMIUM ARUNDINACEUM (Schrad.) Chev.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8665, March, 1913,
on Miscanthus sinensis.
PAR MU LARI A Leveille
PARMULARIA HYM ENOLEPI DIS P. Henn.
Luzon, Subprovince of Ifugao, Mt. Polis, Bur. Sci. 19898 McGregor,
February, 1913, on leaves of Polypodium varians.
TRIBLIDIELLA Saccardo
TRYBLIDIELLA RUFULA (Spreng.) Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19092 Graff, November, 1912, on
dead twigs: Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8U62, November, December, 1912,
on dead twigs of Prosopis Vidaliana.
BULGARIASTRUM Sydow gen. nov. Bulgariacearum
(Etym. a Bulgaria)
Ascomata phyllogena, minuta, caespitosa, erumpenti-superfi-
cialia, subturbinata, subsessilia vel stipite brevissimo central!
crassiusculo praedita, gelatinosa, atra, in sicco cornea, paren-
chymatice contexta. Asci clavati vel cylindraceo-clavati, octos-
pori. Paraphyses filiformes, epithecium formantes. Sporidia
didyma, oblonga, hyalina.
BULGARIASTRUM CAESPITOSUM Syd. sp. nov. (Fig. 4).
Ascomatibus semper hypophyllis, in epiphyllo maculas minutas
leniter depressas efformantibus, dense caespitosis et greges orbi-
culares 1-2.5 mm latos formantibus, erumpenti-superficialibus,
subsessilibus vel basi brevissime stipitiformiter contractis, sub-
turbinatis, glabris, gelatinosis, in sicco corneis, atris, disco leniter
concavo, contextu parenchymatico ex cellplis majusculis 12-17 g
diam. composite; ascis tereti-clavatis, apice rotundatis, 60-90 p.
longis, 14-16 /X latis, octosporis; paraphysibus filiformibus, sur-
sum epithecium densum flavo-fuscidulum formantibus; sporidiis
oblique monostichis usque distichis, oblongis vel ovato-oblongis,
medio 1-septatis et vix vel leniter constrictis, hyalinis, minutis-
sime guttulatis, 14-16 /x longis, 6-7 g latis, cellula superiore ple-
rumque late rotundata et paullo crassiore. Status pycnidicus
(excipulinae speciem sistens) simul adest habitu ascomatum
498
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
cum sporulis fusiformibus, plerumque curvatis, diu continuis,
dein 1-septatis et tandem spurie 3-septatis, 26-45 longis, 3.5-4.S
Fig. 4. Bulgariastrum caespitosum Syd. a, A Capparis leaf with some groups of ascomata
(X2) : 6, longitudinal section through an ascoma (X60) ; c, epithecium (X380) :
d, ascus with paraphyses (X380) ; e, two sporidia (X600) ; f, three pyenidiospores
(X600).
/JL latis, superne late rotundatis, inferne sensim attenuatis, hya-
linis.
vm, c, 6 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 499
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill '8593, February 22, 1913, on living
leaves of Capparis sepiaria.
The fungus grows on living leaves where it forms small roundish colonies
containing from 8 to 16 ascomata. The pycnidial stage is also present;
it has the same habit as the ascigerons stage, and seems to belong to
Excipulina. The pycnidiospores are usually continuous, then two-celled,
and apparently very late indistinctly 3-4-celled.
Fig. B. Calopeziza mirabilis Syd. o. Longitudinal section through an ascoma (X60) ; 6,
fragment of a longitudinal section more highly magnified (X370) ; c, ascus (X600) ;
d, sporidium (X6B0) ; e, seta (X600).
CALOPEZIZA Sydow gen. nov. Pseudopezizearum
(Etym. calos rrpulcher et Peziza)
Ascomata sessilia, primitus globoso-clausa, dein patellaria, e
mycelio tenui oriunda, orbicularia, superficialia, vivide colorata,
ceracea, extus praecipue ad marginem pilosa, contextu parenchy-
matico. Asci ovato-globosi usque saccati, 6-8-spori, aparaphy-
sati. Sporidia transverse pluriseptata, etiam longitudinaliter
septata, colorata.
CALOPEZIZA MIRABILIS Syd. sp. nov. (Fig. 5).
Acomatibus hypophyllis, saepe per totam folii superficiem vel
per magnam ejus partem plus minus aequaliter distributis, e
mycelio tenuissimo ex hyphis longis flexuosis flavidulis simpli-
500
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
cibus vel raro parce breviterqiie ramosis parcissime septatis 4-6
(X latis composito oriundis, sessilibus, prime clausis, mox apertis
et patellaribus, rotundatis, 0.3-1 mm diam., vivide luteo-ochra-
ceis, ceraceis, extus praecipue ad marginem pilis rectis vel sub-
rectis flavidis asperulis apice obtusis 80-150 ix longis 6-9 fx latis
obsitis, disco concolore, contextu ad basim obscure fusco-olivaceo
grosse parenchymatico ex cellulis 15-22 /x diam. composito, in
centre et in parte superiore e cellulis multo minoribus composito ;
ascis remote stipatis, ovato-globosis, apice incrassatis et late
rotundatis, brevissime crasseque stipitatis, 35-44 ^x longis, 24-34
fx latis, 6-8-sporis, rarius elongatis subsaccatis et tunc usque 65 fx
longis, aparaphysatis ; sporidiis 2-4-stichis aut conglobatis, ellip-
soideis vel ellipsoideo-oblongis, utrinque rotundatis, transverse
5-septatis (rarissime 6-septatis), ad septum medium constrictis,
22-26 fx longis, 11-12 ix latis, obscure olivaceo-fuscis, cellulis om-
nibus vel fere omnibus longitudinaliter 1-septatis.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20266 McGregor, January,
1913: Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1088, May 1, 1913; both speci-
mens on living leaves of Premna odorata.
A most beautiful fungus which cannot be compared with any known
genus. The asci are rather remotely imbedded in a hyaline tissue formed
of small parenchymatous cells. The whole hymenium is covered by a
yellow-brown grumose or granular layer. Toward the bases of the as-
comata the cells become very large, dark, and thick walled. These cells
measure up to 22 fx in length, and are loosely united with each other.
DASYSCYPHA Fries
DASYSCYPHA MERRILLII Syd. sp. nov.
Ascomatibus sparsis, solitariis, cupulatis, breviter stipitatis
flavo-citrinis, 300-500 g latis, extus furfuraceo-pilosis ; pilis bre-
vibus, hyalino-flavidis, asperulis, 3-4.5 g crassis; stipite albo-
flavido, 200-250 /x longo; disco citrinulo; ascis tereti-clavulatis,
50-7 0 fx longis, 4-6 g latis, octosporis ; paraphysibus simplicibus,
filiformibus, 1 g crassis; sporidiis di- tristichis, acicularibus vel
angustissime fusoideis, rectis, hyalinis, continuis, 13-16 /x longis,
1.5 /X latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8658, March, 1913,
on dead stipes of Cyathea spec.
The species is related to Dasyscypha Oncospermatis (B. et Br.) Sacc.,
especially in external appearance. It differs, however, by having much
smaller asci and sporidia.
ERIN ELLA Saccardo
ERINELLA PHILIPPINENSIS Syd. sp. nov.
Ascomatibus sparsis vel subgregariis, sessilibus vel brevissime
crasseque stipitatis, cupuliformibus, 1-1.5 mm diam., margine
integro, extus albido-ochraceis et pilis simplicibus rugulosis hya-
VIII, C, 6
Sydow: Eriumeration of Philippine Fungi
501
linis vel subhyalinis 35-50 [jl longis 3-4 /x latis furfuracee con-
spersis, disco piano vel concavo levi, aureo-citrinulo ; ascis cylin-
draceo-clavatis, 65-70 fx longis, 6-8 /x latis, octosporis, paraphy-
sibus ascos superantibus, 2-2.5 /x latis, linearibus, apice vix at-
tenuatis; sporidiis distichis, aciculari-fusoideis, 3-septatis, utrin-
que acutis, hyalinis, 20-28 fx longis, 2-2.5 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20250 McGregor, January,
1913, on dead bark.
Related to Erinella cognata Pat., but differing in the color of the asco-
mata and in the smaller sporidia.
PHYLLOSTICTA Persoon
PHYLLOSTICTA M AN I HOTICOLA Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, magnis, irregularibus, 1-3 cm longis,
ochraceis vel ochraceo-brunneis ; pycnidiis praecipue hypophyllis,
laxe aggregatis, immersis, vertice prominulis, globosos-conicis,
atris apice pertusis, contextu obscure brunneo parenchymatico
ex cellulis majusculis 8-11 g diam. composite; sporulis variabili-
bus, subglobosis, ovatis vel oblongis, continuis, hyalinis, grosse
1-guttatis, 9-13 g longis, 6-9 g latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 321, October 14, 1912,
on living leaves of Manihot heptaphylla.
PHYLLOSTICTA COCOPHILA Pass.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity. Bur. Sci. 206H Graff, January, 1913, on
leaves of Cocos nucifera.
PHYLLOSTICTA GRAFFIANA Sacc.
Luzon, vicinity of Manila, Graff S 92, December 2, 1912, on leaves of
Dioscorea fasciculata.
M ACROPHOM A Berlese et Voglino
MACROPHOMA MUSAE (Cke.) Berl. et Vogl.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 973, 1031, on dead leaves
of Musa sapientum: Manila and vicinity, Graff S 166, March 26, 1913, on
dead leaves of Musa paradisiaca.
PHOMOPSIS Saccardo
PHOMOPSIS BAKERI Syd. sp. nov.
Pycnidiis aequaliter densiusculeque dispersis, subcutaneis, de-
presso-globosis, atris, 160-200 g diam., papilla minuta prominu-
lis; sporulis aliis fusiformibus, utrinque acutis, continuis, hya-
linis, 2-4-guttulatis, 9-14 g longis, 3-3.5 g latis ; aliis apice hama-
tis, tandem saepe valde curvatis, continuis, hyalinis, 18-24 g
longis, 1 g latis; basidiis 10-16 g longis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 12H, June 15, 1913, on
dead twigs of Ficus nota.
502
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
PHOMOPSIS GLIRICIDIAE Syd. sp. nov.
Pycnidiis gregariis, ramos totos aequaliter obtegentibus, de-
presso-globosis, 120-180 /x diam., atris; sporulis aliis fusoideis,
utrinque acutis, continuis, 4-guttulatis, hyalinis, 10-16 /x longis,
3 /X latis; aliis prime ad apicem hamatis, tandem valde curvatis
et saepe falcatis, continuis, hyalinis, 17-22 /x longis, 1 /x latis;
basidiis 8-12 /x longis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 12H, June 15, 1913, on
dead limbs of Gliricidia sepium.
SIROSPHAERA Sydow gen. nov. Sphaeropsidearum
(Etym. seriar= catena et sphaera pro pycnidio)
Pycnidia in stromate superficiali ex hyphis obscure fuscis
laxiuscule composite botryose aggregata, globoso-conoidea, atra,
subcarbonacea, parenchymatice contexta, minute ostiolata. Ba-
sidia filiformia, simplicia, hyalina. Sporulae catenulatae, minu-
tissimae, continuae dilutissime brunneolae.
Fig. 6. Sirosphaera botryosa Syd. a. Longitudinal section through a group of pycnidia (X60) ;
b, wall of the perithecium with basidia and chains of pycnidiospores (X370) ;
c, pycnidiospores (X626).
SIROSPHAERA BOTRYOSA Syd. sp. nov. (Fig. 6).
Pycnidiis hypophyllis, in stromate omnino superficiali atro ex
hyphis obscure fuscis laxiuscule composite dense botryose ag-
gregatis et circulos rotundatos 0.5-1. 3 mm latos formantibus, in
stromate subperficialibus vel basi tantum leniter immersis, glo-
boso-conoideis vel e mutua pressione leniter angulatis aut ir-
regularibus, minutis, 100-150 /x diam., atris, subcarbonaceis, os-
tiolo distincto saepe papilliformiter producto praeditis, contextu
parietis exterioris crassiusculi pluristratosis distincte parenchy-
matico fusco ex cgllulis 8-10 /x diam. composite, parietis interioris
hyaline indistincte minuteque cellulose, tota cavitate (ostiolo
excepto) basidiis densissime stipatis vestita; basidiis filiformi-
bus, simplicibus, hyalinis, 8-11 p longis, 0.8-1 p, latis; sporulis
distincte catenulatis, ovatis vel ellipsoideis, continuis, utrinque
minutissime 1-guttulatis, 2-2.5 /x longis, 1.5 p. latis, dilutissime
fuscidulis.
VIII. c, 6 Sydotu: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi 503
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8600, on living leaves of Streblus
asper.
The fungus forms a quite superficial small stroma which is composed of
dark-brown, rather loosely interwoven hyphae. The numerous pycnidia are
nearly superficial or only with their bases slightly sunken in the stroma.
The wall of the pycnidia is easily distinguished from the tissue of the
stroma. The wall consists of two strata; an outer parenchymatous one,
several layers thick, of brown color, and an inner one which is hyaline and
composed of indistinct and minute cells. The whole cavity is filled with
the basidia which bear numerous minute spores in chains.
SEPTORIA Fries
SEPTORIA BAKERI Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8588, February 24, 1913, on leaves
of Leucas lavandulifolia.
LEPTOTHYRIUM Kunze et Schmidt
LEPTOTHYRIUM CIRCUMSCISSUM Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, sparsis vel aggregatis confluentibusque,
angulatis, 1-4 mm diam,, confluendo majoribus, primitus obscure
brunneis, dein arescentibus, denique circumscissis ; pycnidiis epi-
phyllis, immersis, rotundatis, dimidiatis, 100-150 p diam., atris,
poro rotundo 15-20 p lato pertusis, contextu fusco, parenchy-
matico, ex cellulis minutis 5-6 diam. composite, baud radiate ;
sporulis continuis, hyalinis, breviter fusiformibus, utrinque acu-
tis, 8-10 p longis, 1.5-2 p latis; basidiis non visis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1025, April 20, 1913, on
living leaves of Mangifera indica.
PYCNOTHYRIUM Diedicke
PYCNOTHYRIUM LOBATUM Syd. sp. nov.
Pycnidiis epiphyllis, superficialibus, sparsis, ambitu orbicula-
ribus, 0.5-1 mm diam., planis, membranaceis, atris, poro 25-40 p
lato pertusis, amoene radiatim contextis, ad marginem eximie
lobatis, contextu dilute brunneo vel olivaceo-brunneo ex hyphis
subrectis vel saepius flexuosis crebre septatis (articulis 1-d g
longis) 2-4 g crassis strato simplici composite ; sporulis oblongis,
utrinque obtusis, continuis, hyalinis, saepe minute guttulatis, 5-8
p longis, 2 fx latis ; basidiis nullis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, San Antonio, Bur. Sci. 20537 Ramos, Feb-
ruary, 1913, on living leaves of Dysoxylum spec.
The pycnidia are lobate at the margin in such a curious manner that
holes are formed between the lobes.
LASIOTHYRIUM Sydow nov. gen. Pycnothyriacearum
(Etym. lasios = setosus et thyrion = fenestra)
Pycnidia superficialia, mycelio tenuissimo parce evoluto prae-
dita, inversa, dimidiato-scutata, ambitu strato singulo hypharum
flexuosarum vel cellularum elongatarum composita, centre ele-
122078 7
504 I'he Philippine Journal of Science 1913
vata opaca et plusristratosa, strato centrali exteriore tendem
abjecto, contextu inferiore parenchymatico hyalino, e centre ad
marginem versus pilis vel setis radiantibus flexuosis simplicibus
obsita. Sporulae oblongae vel vermiformes, pluriseptatae, colo-
ratae.
LASIOTHYRIUM CYCLOSCHIZON Syd. spec. nov. (Fig. 7).
Pycnidis epiphyllis, in greges rotundatos 3-10 mm diam. den-
siuscule dispositis, mycelio tenuissimo parco ex hyphis longius-
Fig. 7. Lasiothyrium cycloschizon Syd. a, A pycnidium seen from above (XlOO) ; b, fragment
of the marginal pai-t of the pycnidium (X600) ; c, pycnidiospores (X1300).
culis non vel parce ramosis et non vel vix septatis fuscis 3.5-5 /x
crassis composite, inversis, dimidato-scutatis, superficialibus,
rotundatis, rarius leniter elongatis, 150-350 /t diam., contextu ad
marginem strato singulo hypharum flexuosarum 1,5-2 ^u, latarum
vel potius cellularum elongatarum maeandrice curvatarum oliva-
ceo-fuscidularum composite, centre elevatis pluristratosis et opa-
cis, contextu partis centralis interiore parenchymatico hyalino
vel subhyalino ex cellulis 4-6 fx diam. composite, mox circa par-
tem centralem fissura circulari dehiscentibus et partem centralem
vin, c, 6
Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
505
exteriorem abjicientibus, e centre ad marginem pilis radiantibus
numerosis longis flexuosis simplicibus continuis flavo-brunneis,
3-4 ju. crassis obsitis ; sporulis oblongis vel vermiformibus, utrin-
que obtusis, 3-8-septatis, ad septum centrale saepe constrictis,
levibus, fuscis, 16-28 n* longis, 6-8 p. latis, subinde sed raro cellula
una alterave septo unico longitudinali vel obliquo divisa ; basidiis
non visis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill S 152, February 22, 1913, on living
or languishing leaves of Aegiceras corniculatum.
The pycnidia are formed of two parts very different in their composition,
a peripheral one, being only a single nearly pellucid layer of thin flexuose
hyphae or rather of elongated and curved cells, and a central one which is
elevated, dark, and pluristratose. Finally, the outer central layer is thrown
off, and the inner tissue composed of hyaline or subhyaline, small, paren-
chymatous cells is to be seen. The pycnidia open by a circular fissure
around the elevated central part, later more longitudinal fissures extend-
ing up to the margin are to be seen. From nearly the center numerous
long bristles or setae, lying upon the pycnidia, radiate toward the margin.
The spores are pluriseptate and brownish. The material at hand is some-
what old, hence we were not able to state whether the spores are borne on
basidia or not. Sometimes, but very rarely, one or the other cell of the
spores may be divided by a longitudinal or oblique septum.
GLOEOSPORI UM Desmazieres et Montagne
GLOEOSPORIUM PALMARUM Oudem.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8587, February 22, 1913, on leaf-
sheaths of Areca catechu.
GLOEOSPORIUM LEBBECK Syd. sp. nov.
Acervulis sparsis vel aggregatis, sine maciilis, subcutaneis, ro-
tundatis, 90-125 g diam., brunneis, conidiis oblongis vel late
cylindraceis, utrinque late rotundatis, continuis, hyalinis, minute
guttulatis, 12-18 g longis, 3.S-4.5 g latis ; basidiis subnullis.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill S lJt9, February 3, 1913, on
legumes of Albizzia lebbeck.
CYLINDROSPORIUM Unger
CYLINDROSPORIUM EXIGUUM Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis majusculis, pallide ochraceis, 0.5-1. 5 cm diam.; acer-
vulis hypophyllis, gregariis, erumpenti-superficialibus, exiguis,
dilute ochraceis ; conidiis anguste cylindraceis, tectis vel curvatis,
utrinque obtusis, 4-6-septatis, non constrictis, hyalinis, 45-70 g
longis, S.5-4.5 g latis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8603, February 10, 1913, on languish-
ing leaves of Calonyetion aculeatum.
506 The Philippine Journal of Science wis
MELANCONIUM Link
MELANCONIUM MERRILLII Syd. sp. nov.
Acervulis amphigenis, sparsis erumpentibus, minutis, 100-
150 diam., planis, atris ; conidiis crasse fusoideis, vel angustis-
Sime ellipsoideis, plerumque utrinque attenuatis, continuis, egut-
tulatis, intense olivaceis, 10-13 jx longis, 3.5-4.S ix latis.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8471, 8540, November and December,
1912, January, 1913, on dead leaves of Pandanus tectorius.
PESTALOZZIA de Notaris
PESTALOZZIA PALMARUM Cke.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8646, March, 1913,
on leaves of Pinanga spec.
OIDIUM Link
OIDIUM ERYSIPHOIDES Fr.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8548, January, 1913, on leaves of
Desmodium procumbens ; Bur. Sci. 20653 Graff, March 13, 1913, on leaves
of Heliotr opium indicum.
OOSPORA Wallroth
OOSPORA OBDUCENS Syd. sp. nov.
Caespitulis effusis, crassiusculis, intense viridibus, confluen-
tibus et totum insecti corpus plus minus obtegentibus ; conidiis
anguste ellipsoideis vel oblongis, utrinque obtusis, 2-4-guttulatis,
continuis, hyalinis, 9-13 p longis, 3.5-5 p latis, rarius subglobosis
vel late ellipsoideis et tunc 6-9 p tantum longis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling near Los Banos, W. H.
Brown, comm. Baker 1030, April 28, 1913, parasitic on living cicadas.
We have seen only one cicada beset with the fungus. Our specimen is
already much advanced in development, hence we have seen no trace of
mycelium. The conidia seem to be formed in chains, but they readily segre-
gate. Younger stages of this interesting fungus will be necessary to deter-
mine if it is indeed an Oospora or not.
ASPERGILLUS Link
ASPERGILLUS PERICON 101 DES Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Graff S 136, November, 1912, on
living leaves of Carica Papaya.
TRICHOSPORIUM Pries
TRICHOSPORIUM OLIVATRUM Sacc.
Luzon, Province of Rizal, Antipolo, Bur. Sei. 16830 Ramos, October,
1912, on dead Bambusa spec.
VIII, c, 6 Sydow: Enumeration of Philippine Fungi
507
CATENULARIA Glove
CATENULARIA VELUTINA Syd. sp. nov.
Caespitulis amphigenis, sparsis, superficialibus, rotundatis,
1-3 mm diam., crassis, velutinis, atris; hyphis fertilibus dense
stipatis, erectis, simplicibus, saepe leniter flexuosis, septatis (ar-
ticulis 12-20 IX longis), fuscis 3-3.5 ix crassis, usque 100 p, longis;
catenulis conidiorum simplicibus, longiusculis, sed facillime sece-
dentibus ; conidiis subglobosis, ellipsoideis vel oblongis, continuis,
fuscis, levibus, 5-10 /x longis, 3.5-4.5 jx latis,
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Mt. Maquiling, Merrill 8608, March, 1913,
on languishing and dying leaves of Freycinetia spec.
FUSICLADIUM Bonorden
FUSICLADIUM PONGAMIAE Syd.
Luzon, Province of Bataan, Lamao, Merrill 8682, January, 1913, on leaves
of Pongamia mitis (P. glabra).
CLADOSPORIUM Link
CLADOSPORIUM OPLISMENI Syd. sp. nov.
Caespitulis crassis, fructus totos densissime obtegentibus et
eos omnino destruentibus, olivaceo-brunneis ; hyphis simplicibus,
remote septatis, olivaceo-brunneis usque 90 g longis, 3-5 /x cras-
sis ; conidiis olivaceo-brunneis, continuis et 6-10 /x longis 3.5-4.5 /x
latis vel elongatis 1-3-septatis et tunc usque 20 /x longis, levibus.
Luzon, Subprovince of Ifugao, Mt. Polis, Bur. Sci. 19897 McGregor,
February, 1913, on spikes of Opolismenus undulatifolius.
CERCOSPORA Fresenius
CERCOSPORA TABERNAEMONTANAE Syd. sp. nov.
Maculis amphigenis, orbicularibus, 0.5-1 cm diam., pallide
flavis, dein centro arescentibus, obscurius marginatis ; caespitulis
amphigenis, in hypophyllo copiosius evolutis, densiuscule distri-
butis, minutissimis, 30-50 /x diam., atris ; hyphis fasciculatis, bre-
vibus, 10-20 fx longis, 2.5-3 g latis, simplicibus, continuis, hyalino-
olivaceis ; conidiis elongato-clavatis, 3-6-septatis, hyalinis, 40-60 /x
longis, 3-3.5 /x latis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1027, April 20, 1913, on
leaves of Tabernaemontana pandacaqui.
CERCOSPORA MANGi FERAE Koorders
Maculis amphigenis, in hypophyllo magis visibilibus, sparsis,
rotundatis, 1-3 mm diam., subatris, 30-50 /x diam., firmis ; hyphis
brevissimis, continuis, simplicibus, apice obtusis, dilute fuscidu-
508
The Philippine Journal of Science
1913
lis, 6-12 fjL longis, 3.5-4 latis ; conidiis solitarie acrogenis, longe
angusteque obclavatis, sed apice obtusis, 3-6-septatis, non con-
strictis, 40-60 fi longis, 4 /x latis, fuscidulis, loculis praecipue infe-
rioribus guttulatis.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 1122, April 21, 1913, on
leaves of Mangifera indica.
The above description has been made from the Philippine material. It
may be mentioned in this place that the host of Cercospora suhtorulosa
Syd., also collected by Baker at Los Banos and described in Annal. Mycol.
11 (1913) 270, is not Allophyhis, but, as the collector informs us, Melicope
triphylla.
CERCOSPORA GLIRICIDIAE Syd.
Luzon, Province of Cavite, Cavite, Bur. Sci. 19128 Graff, November 24,
1912: Province of Batangas, Santo Tomas, Bur. Sci. 19127 Graff, November
30, 1912: Province of Laguna, Pagsanjan, Graff S 161, February 22, 1913:
Vicinity of Manila, Merrill S H5, January 26, 1913, all specimens on leaves
of Gliricidia sepium.
CERCOSPORA LITSEAE-GLUTINOSAE Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 84.80, December, 1912: Province of
Bataan, Bur. Sci. 19042, 19073 Graff, November, 1912, on leaves of Litsea
glutinosa.
CERCOSPORA NICOTIANAE Ell. et Ev.
Luzon, Province of Laguna, Los Banos, Baker 870, 881, March, 1913,
on leaves of Nicotiana Tabacum.
HETEROSPORIUM Klotzsch
HETEROSPORIUM CORYPHAE Syd.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill 8541, January, 1913, on leaves of
Corypha elata.
ST I GM ELLA Leveille
STIGMELLA MANILENSIS Sacc.
Luzon, Manila and vicinity, Merrill'S 123, November, 1912, on pods of
Cassia Tora.
HYMENOPSIS Saccardo
HYMENOPSIS CUDRANIAE Mass.
Luzon, Province of Nueva Vizcaya, Bur. Sci. 20267 McGregor, January,
1913, on leaves of Cudrania javanica.
[Vol. VIII, No. 5, including pages 287 to 406, was issued Nov. 19, 1913.]
ERRATA
Page 196, line 10 from top, for Derris sp. (aff. D. ellipticae Benth.), read
Aglaonema densinervium Engl.
268, line 7 from bottom, for 2 ad 9 read 7 ad 9.
line 2 from bottom, for diformibus, read biformibus.
269, line 10 from bottom, for 1 ad 3, read 0.33 ad 1.
270, line 18 from top, for 1.25 read 0.25.
356, line 21 from top, for Atronia, read Astronia.
397, line 18 from top, for Neisse read Neissl.
1
INDEX
( New genera and combinations published for the first time are in black-faced type ;
synonyms and species mentioned incidentally in the text are indicated by the page references
being in italics. )
A
Page.
Acranthera philippinensis Merr 32
zeylanica Arn
Acrocryphaea concavifolia Bryol. jav 74
Adenostylis elmeri Ames 408
vanoverberghii Ames 408
Aecidium blumeae P. Henn. 267
clerodendri P. Henn 267, 477
kaernbachii P. Henn 267
lagunense Syd _ 477
machili P. Henn. - 477
nummulare Berk. 477
paederiae Diet 477
phyllanthinum Syd 477
Aerobryopsis lanosa Broth 78
Aerobryum speciosum Doz. et. Molk. 79
Aeschynanthus beccarii C. B. Clarke 166
camiguinensis Kranzl 164
curtisii C. B. Clarke 165
everettiana Kranzl 311
firma Kranzl 311
foxworthyi Kranzl 163
fraseriana Kranzl 16T
glomeriflora Kranzl 311
hians C. B. Clarke 311, 313
hoseana Kranzl 165
leucothamnus Kranzl 165
lobbianus Hook, f 166
loheri Kranzl 166
motleyi C. B. Clarke 167
obconica C. B. Clarke.... 313, 319
pergracilis Kranzl 313
philippinensis C. B.
Clarke 16i, 312, 3U
polillensis Kranzl 314
radicans Jack 166
serpens Kranzl 166
stenocalyx Kranzl 166
volubilis Jack 165
zamboangensis Kranzl. .. 313
Agrostophyllum javanicum B1 421
longivaginatum Ames ... 420
mearnsii Ames 420
pelorioides Ames 421
Aithaloderma clavatisporum Syd 481
Alcinaneathus philippinensis Merr 380
Apiosporella aberrans Syd 486
Alectryon excisus Radik 446, 460
fuscus Radik 446, 461
inaeq.uilaterus Radik 446, 459
ochraceus Radik 446, 460
Page.
Allophylus apiocarpus Radik 443, 448
brevipetiolatus Radik. 443, 449
chlorocarpus Radik 444, 451
dasythyrsus Radik 444
dimorphus Radik _... 444
filiger Radik. .. 444
granulatus Radik 444, 451
grossedentatus F. Villar 444
hymenocalyx Radik 443, 460
inaequlaterus Radik 469
insignis RadUc 444
javensis Bl. .. _ ... 444
largifolius Radik 443, 448
leptocladus Radik 444
leptococcus Radllc 444
leucochrous Radik 444
macrostachys Radik 444
malvaceus Radik 444
peduncularis Radik 443, 450
quinatus Radik 444
racemosus Radik 444
setulosus Radik 444
simplicifolius Radik 443
subiciso-dentatus Radik — 444
ternatus Radik 444
timorensis Bl 444
unifoliolatus Radik 443
Amphisphaeria bambusina Syd. 274
Anaptychia dendritica Wain 106
dendritica var. lamelligera
Wain 107
dendritica var. propaguli-
fera Wain 107
hypoleuca Wain. 106
var. fulvescens
Wain 106
var. rottbollii
Wain 106
var. schaereri
Wain 106
var. soredifera
Wain. 106
isidiophora Wain 107
leucomelaena Wain. 106
speeiosa Wain. . ... 107
var. esorediata
Wain 107
var. sorediosa
Muell.-Arg 107
Anomobryum cymbifolium Broth 72
Anonaceae 371
611
512
Index
Page.
Anthostomella calocarpa Syd 272
contarninans Dur. & Mtg. S9S
discophora Syd 485
donacina Rehm 399
grandispora Penz. & Sacc. 258
vai-. schizos-
t a c h y i
Rehm 258
mindorensis Rehm 398
mii-abilis (B. & Br. ) von
Hohnel 258
phaeosticta Sacc S99
Aphania angustifolia Radik. 444
loheri Radik 444, 452
philippinensis Radik 444
Apiospoxa camptostora Penz S99
eurvispora Rehm 399
luzonensis P. Henn 1S3, 399
Apiosporella coryphae Rehm 399
Apocynaceae 387
Appendicula anceps B1 415
clemensiae Ames 415
cornuta B1 416
crotalina Schltr 416
effusa Schltv 419
elmeri Ames 416
fenixii Schltr 416, 419
fructicosa Ames 415
lucbanensis Ames 415, 418
luzonensis Ames 415
maquilingensis Ames 415, 417
malindangensis Schltr 415
merrillii Ames 415, 418
micrantha Lindl 415
negrosiana Ames 416
pendula B1 415
perplexa Ames 435
philippinensis J. J. Stn 415
undulata var. calcarata
(Schltr.) 416
weheri Ames 416, 418
wenzelii Ames 415, 419
xytriophora Reichb. f 415, 413
Ax-eolaria columnaris De Tom.. 307
Ai’disia javanica A. DC 387
leytensis Merr. 386
scabrida Mez 387
Arytera litoralis Bl. 447
rufescens Radllc 447
Aschersonia novo-guineensis P. Henn 282
Ascobolus granulata Fuckel... 404
latus Penz. & Sacc. 263
Ascobolus testaceus Berk 263
Ascophanus testaceus Phill. 192, 263
Aspergillus periconioides Sacc 606
Aspidium giganteum Blume 141
intermedium Bl I40
Asplenium epiphyticum 161, 152, 153
linza Cesati 149, 151
nidus L. 153
Petersenii Kze 141
scolopendropsis F. Mueller.. 149, 151
squamulatum Bl. 153
Asterina capparidis Syd. et Butl 489
cassiae Syd 276, 490
Page.
Astei'ina elaeocarpi Syd 489
Asienna eiaeocarpi oya
elmeri Syd
409
276, 489
escharoides Syd
489
lawsoniae P. Henn
276
laxiuscula Syd.
276
pemphidioides Cke
489
pusilla Syd
488
sponiae Hac
276, 489
Asterinella humiriae Theiss
491
distinguenda Syd
492
loranthi Syd.
490
lugubris Syd.
491
luzonensis Syd
491
obesa Syd. ...
490
Astroealyx calycina Merr
335, 356
pleiosandra Merr
... 335, 336, 356
Astrocystis mirabilis B. & Br
258, 486
Astronia acuminatissima Merr. ..
345, 352
apoensis Elm.
340
bicolor Merr. ..
350, 453
borneensis Cogn
336
calycina Vid. ..
... 335, 336, 356
candolleana Cogn
... 336, 344, 349
euernosensis Elm
350
cumingiana Vid
.... 336, 353, 354
discolor Merr. .
352
dioioa Merr
343
ferruginea Elm., var.
ampla
Merr
342
gitingensis Elm
349
glauca Merr
355
lagunensis Merr
341, 342
loheri Merr
341
macrophylla Blume
356
mearnsii Merr. 340
megalantha Merr 347
meyeri merr
negrosensis Merr
348
parvifolia Merr
351
papeteria F.-Vill
344
piperi Merr
354
platyphylla Merr
355
pulchra Vid 336, 350, 351,
, 355
var. obovata Merr...
350
ramosii Merr
343
rolfei Vid 336, 344, 346, 354
var. furfuracea Merr. 345
smilicifolia Triana 356
spectabilis Blume 356
stapfiii Koord 336
stuhlmanii Damm 336
subcaudata Merr 349
triplinervia Cogn 336
viridifolia Elm 347
williamsii Merr 342
wenzelii Merr 346
Astrosphaeriella fusispora Syd 486
Athyrium forbesii Copel 142
japonicum Copel 141
petersenii Copel 141
pariens Copel 142
pulcherrimum Copel 141
subserratum Milde 142
subscabrum Copel 141
Index
513
Auerswaldia arengae Sacc
decipiens Rehm
merrillii P. Henn 183,
Axanthes philippensis C. & S
B
Balansia vorax (B. & C.)
Bambusa bluraeana Schultes
cornuta Munro
vulgaris Schrad
Barbella enervis Fleisch.
horridula Broth
raacroblasta Broth
pendula Fleisch.
subulifera Fleisch
Barbula orientalis Broth.
Beccarianthus ickisii Merr
pulcher Cogn
Bercherellea cyrtopoda F. v. Mull
philippinensis Broth
Biatorina sublutea Rehm ....
Boehmeria cypholophoides Merr
blumei Wedd
heterophylla Wedd
Botryosphaeria bakeri Rehm
hoffmanni von Hohnel..
pruni MacAlp
Bovista jonesii Graff
lilacina Mont. & Berk
pusilla Pers
Boswellia obliqua Blanco
Brachymenium coarctatum Bryol. jav....
exile Bi-yol. jav.
nepalense Hokk
Braehythecium oxyrrhynchum Jaeg
Braunfelsia dicranoides Broth
Breutelia arundinifolia Broth.
Briza eragrostis L
oblonga Moench
Bryum ambiguum Dub
argenteum L
comprenssidens C. Mull
coronatum Schwaegr
erectum Broth
ramosum Mitt.
Buellia lauricassiae Wain
pithecolobii Wain.
triphragmia Auct
vaccinii Wain
Bulbophyllum aeolium Ames
carinatum Ames
cheiri Lindl. ...
cumingii Reichb. f.
dasypetalum Rolfe
dissolutum Ames
exile Ames
fenixii Ames .
mearnsii Ames
peramoenum Ames
reilloi Ames .
topplngii Ames
uniflorura Hassk
wenzelii Ames
zambalense Ames
zamboangense Ames
Page.
Bulgariastrum caespitosum Syd 497
Burseraceae 372
Buxbaumia javanica C. Miill 97
j Calanthe davaensis Ames 422
I hennisii A. Loher 423
I Callicostella paplllata Mitt 83
Calopeziza mirabilis Syd 499
Calymperes clemensiae Broth. 69
orientate Mitt 68
var. poiytrichoides
Fleisch 68
Calyptothecium ramosii Broth 80
tumidum Fleisch 80
Camarotis philippinensis LindL i07, 438
Campylium glaucocarpum Broth 85
Campylopodium euphorociadum Besch 66
j flavescens Bryol. jav 82
Canarium euplebium Merr 372
ramosii Merr. 374
Candelaria indica Wain 99
Canthium arboreum Vid 43, 49
I bipinnatum Merr 43
I lycioides Rich 49, 50
j mite Bartl 43, 49
I monoflorum Blanco 50
I pedunculare Cav 50
Cardiospermum halicacabum L 443
Catenularia velutina Syd 507
Ceratodon stenocarpus Bryol. eur 66
Ceratostylis radiata J. J. Sm 422
I wenzelii Ames 421
Ceratosphaeria philippinarum Rehm 186
Cercospora amorphophalli P. Henn 283
bakeri Syd 284
biophyti Syd, .. 284
gliricidiae Syd 283, 608
litseae-glutinosae Syd 284, 508
mangiferae Koorders 507
nicotianae Ell. et Ev 508
personata Ellis 283
pantoleuea Sjd 284
pumila Syd. . 196
subtorulosa Syd 503
tabernaemontanae Syd 607
tosensis P. Henn. 284
ubi Rac 285
Cercosporidium helleri Earle 283
Cerebella paspali Cke. & Mass 286
Cestichis fragilis Ames... _ .. 412
Chaetomitrium geheebii Broth. 34
orthorrhynchum Bryol.
jav _... 83
papillifolium Bryol. jav. .. 83
philippinense Bryol. jav. .. 83
seriatum Broth. 83
warburgii Broth 83
weberi Broth 83
Cheilosa javanica B1 330
Cladosporioum oplismeni Syd. 607
Clastobryum indicum Doz. et Molk. 34
merrillii Broth 81
Coccotrema cucurbitula Wain 103
Coccomyces canarii Rehm 403
Page.
390
396
, 266, 496
W
434
204
204
204
79
78
79
78
79
.... 69
.... 368
.... 353
75
74
.... 404
.... 368
.... 369
.... 369
.... 269
.... 230
.... 260
.... 305
.... 303
.... 303
.... U7
.... 72
72
72
96
.... 66
74
... 159
... 159
72
72
72
72
72
72
112
111
... 442
... Ill
429
430
429
434
432
429
432
430
430
430
431
432
429
432
... 433
... 433
514
Index
Page.
Coleosporiura meri'illii P. Henn 476
Colletotrichum euchroum Syd 282
pandani Syd. 282
papayae Syd. 283
Coniosporium circumscissum Sacc 283
vinosum Sacc. 283
Connaraceae 372
Copnobia granulata Boud iOi
Corynelia clavata Sacc 402
uberata Fr i02
Cryptosphaeria crepiniana Sacc. & Roura. 25S
Cryptosphaeria philippinensis Rehm 268
Cryptospora basbusae Speg 187, 259
var. Bakeriana
Rehm 187
Ctenidium luzonense Broth 85
Cubilia blancoi B1 446
Cupaniopsis patentivalvis Radllc 446
Cyathea atropurpurea HO
biformis HO
glabra Copel. 139
hewittii Copel HO
suhdimorpha Copel 140
Cyathophorella adiantlioides Broth 84
Cycloderma depressum Pat. 305
Cylindrosporium exiguum Syd _ 605
Cyperaceae 363
Cypholophus lutescens Wedd S69
brunneolus Elm S69
Cyrtandra alnifolia Kranzl 329
antoniana Elm . 175
arbuscula Kranzl. 326
arborescens Blume 17 i
attenuata Elm. S90
bataanensis Kranzl. 330
benguetiana Kranzl SSZ
chavis-insectorum Kranzl 318
chiritoides Kranzl 327, 390
cretacea Kranzl. . 328
compressa C. B. Clarke 177
curranli Kranzl. . 176
cyclopum Kranzl. 317
dispar C. B. Clarke 317, 330
fenestrata C. B. Clarke 174
florulenta Kranzl 173
fusconervia Merr 389
garnotiana Gaudich 319
geantha Kranzl. . 323
glabra Kranzl 317
glauoescens Kranzl 328, 390
gracilenta Kranzl 175
humilis Elm _ 390
hypochrysea Kranzl. _ 320
hypoehrysoides Kranzl 319
hypoleuca Kranzl 171
ilicifolia Kranzl 332
incisa Clarke _ 173
infantae Kranzl. . _ 327
lagunae Kranzl 176
limnophila Kranzl 323
livida Kranzl 322
lysiosepala C. B. Clarke 176
mcgregorii Kranzl 328
mirabilis Kranzl 321
Page.
Cyrtandra miserrima Kranzl 316
nervosa Kranzl 178
oblongifolia Benth. & Hook.
f 177, 178
pachyneura Kranzl _... 174
pachyphylla Kranzl 316
pallidifolia Kranzl 172
plectranthiflora Kranzl 332
populifolia Miq 17i, 329
radiciflbra C. B. Clarke.. 170, 322, 325
ramosii Kranzl. ' 177
rhizantha Kranzl 170
roseo-alba Kranzl 178
saligna Kranzl 324
scandens Kranzl 319
stenophylla Kranzl 326
strongiana Kranzl 325
tagaleurium Kranzl 176
tayabensis Elmer 320
tecomiflora Kranzl 322
triflora Gaudich 176, 319, 320, 321
trivialis Kranzl 331
tubiflora Kranzl 177
umbellata Kranzl 330
vanoverberghii Kranzl 174
verrucosissima Kranzl 173
williamsii Kranzl 316
I)
Daldinia concentrica Grev 260
luzonensis Rehm _ .. 260
Daltonia angustifolia, var. strictifoha
Fleisch .. 82
Dasyscypha merrillii Syd. .. .. 600
oncospermatis Sacc 500
Dendrobium aciculare Lindl 424
acuminatissimum Lindl 424
gerlandianum Kranzl 424
luzonense Lindl 426
mindanaense Ames 423
ornithoflorum Ames 426
pergracile Ames 423
philippinense Ames 424
polytrichum Ames 424
robinsonii Ames 426
uncatum Lindl 423
vanoverberghii Ames 426
verruculosum Ames 426
Dendrochilum aurantiacum B1 411
filiforme Lindl 410
graciliscapum Pfitz 410
ramosii Ames 410
weberi Ames 410
woodianum Ames 411
Diatrype macounii E. & E 190
Diatrypella psidii Syd 487
Dichrotrichum chorisepalum C. B. Clarke 315
crassicaule Kranzl 169
minus Kranzl 314
praelongum Kranzl 170
Dicranella coartata Bryol. jav. 66
Dicranodontlum dicticyon Jaeg 67
Diatrype megale Rehm 189
Index
515
Page.
Dicranoloma blumei Ren 66
braunii Par., f. mindan-
aense Fleisch 66
Dictyoneura philippinensis Radik 446
rhomboidea Radik 446
sphaerocarpa Radik 446
Dictyophora campanulata Nees SOi
Dinochloa seandens O. Kuntze 206
\av. angustifolia
Hack 206
Dictyophora irpicina Pat SOi
merulina Berk 304
phalloidea Desv 304
speciosa K1 SOi
Didymella caricae Tassi 483
Didymocarpus gracilipes C. B. Clarke 167
pallida Kranzl 167
Didymosphaeria minutella Penz. & Sacc. .. 186
minutelloides Rehm 186
striatula Penz. et Sacc. 271, 483
Dimeriella cyathearum Syd. 478
Dimerina graffii Syd 269
Dimerium pseudoperisporioides Rehm 254
Dimerosporina pusilla Syd. . _ 269
Dimerosporium pangerangense Henn. &
Nym m
Dimorphocalyx longipes Merr S81 \
Diplazium asperum B1 142 j
Diplora Baker H7, U8 [
cadieri Christ 150 I
integrifolia H8, 150, 151 I
Discodothis filicum v. Hoehn 495 I
lobata Syd 495
Ditrichum difficile Fleisch 66
Dodonaea viscosa Ja< q 447
Dothidea pterocarpi Syd 280, S97
Dothidella albizziae Syd 280
canarii Rehm 398
yapensis P. Henn 278
Dryopteris adnata v. A. v. R 140
sarawakensis Copel 140
Dysoxylum arborescens Miq S78
cauliflorum Hiern 377
caulostachyum Miq 377
costulatum Miq. S76
cumingianum C. DC S77
leytense Merr. .. 376
nagelianum C. DC 376
platyphyllum Meir 375
ramiflorum Miq 377
verruculosum Merr 377
E
Ectropothecium assimile Broth 86
eleganti-pinnatum Jaeg. 86
luzoniae Jaeg 86
micropyxis Broth 86
monumentorum Jaeg 86
subintorquatum Broth. .. 86
verrucosum J aeg 86
Elaeocarpaceae — . 383
Elaeocarpus leytensis Merr. 383
multiflorus F.-Vill 38i
Elattostachys verrucosa Radik 447
Page.
Elmeriobryum philippinense Broth
Endophyllachora Rehm
Endotrichella elegans Fleisch
gracilescens Broth
perplicata Broth
pilifera Broth
Englerula medinillae v. Hoehn
Entodon longidens Broth
Ephelis caricina Syd
Epipactis Boehm
Eragrostis cilianensis Vig.-Lut
major Host 159, 160
megastachya Link 159, 160
/f28
427
4^8
428
.... 427
....
odorifera Leavitt
427
428
Erinella cognata Pat
501
philippinensis Syd
500
Erioglossum rubiginosum B1
.. 444
Eriopus microblastus Broth
82
Erythrodontium squarrulosum C. Mull.
.. 82
379
Euphoria cinerea Radik.
.... 445
foveolata Radik
445, 457
gracilis Radik.
.. 445
.. 445
nephelioides Radik
445, 457
stellulata Radllc
.. 445
Eurotium repens De Bary
.. 478
Eutypa bambusina Penz. & Sacc. .. 189
, 259, 270
corniculata Rehm
... 402
402
ludibunda Sacc.
.... 402
Eutypella collariata Berlese
... 189
gliricidiae Rehm
... 189
Everettla puloherrima Merr
... 357
i99
Exidia lagunensis Graff
299
P
Fabronia curvirostris Doz. et Molk
82
300
luzonensis Sacc. & Trott
300
Ficus callophylla Blume
366
celebica Blume
367
clusioides Mi<i
366
euphlebia Merr
364
nota Merr.
368
pachyphylla Merr
365
pisifera Wall
367
ulmifolia Lam
365
viridifolia Men
366
367
Fissidens nobilis Griff-
67
schmidii C. Mull
67
zippelianus Doz. et Molk
67
i Floribundarla floribunda Fleisch
1 Fomes semitostus Berk
78
300
397
76
76
77
77
482
281
i09
159
516
Index
Page.
Funaria calvescens Schwaegr 71
Fungi 21, 181, 195, 251, 266, 391, 476
Fosicladium pongamiae Syd 507
G
Ganophyllum falcatum B1 447
obliquum Merr W
Garovaglia plicata Endl 77
Geaster cryptorhynchus Haszl 305
triplex Jungh 305
Gesneriaceae 163, 311,389
Gibberella creberrima Syd 493
Gigantochloa robusta Kurz 204
scribnenana Merr 204
Globai’ia furfuraceae Quel S06
Glochidion glauoescens Merr 381
Gloeocarpus crenatus Radik 446, 464, 465
Gloeosporium canavaliae Syd 282
graffii Syd 196
lebbeck Syd 606
palmarum Oudem 506
vanillae Cke 282
Glomera merrillii Ames 419
Glonium bambusinum Syd 496
Glyptotheeium sciuroides Hamp 76
Gongrospermum philippinense Radik 477,
469, 470
Goodyera clausa Schltr. .
ramosii Ames
repens R. Br
Gramineae
Graphiola cylindrospora Syd. ...
Guadua philippinensis Gamble
Guignardia creberrima Syd
freyoinetiae Rehm
Guioa acuminata Radik
aptera Radik. .
diplopetala Radik
discolor Radik,
falcata Radik,
glauca Radik. .
lasiothyrsa Radik
myriadenia Radik
perrottetii Radik
pleuropteris Radik
pubescens Radik
reticulata Radik
salicifolia Radik
subapiculata Radik
sulphurea Radik
truncata Radik
m
477
184
446, 462
446
446
446
446, 461
446
446
446
446
446
446
. 446, 462
446
446
, 446, 462
446
H
Haematomma puniceum Wain 99
var. esorediata
Wain 99
Haematomyces carneus Rehm 262
Hampeella leptodyctyon Broth 76
Harpullia arborea Radik 448
cupanioides Roxb. 448
macrocalyx Radik 448, 473
Hebecoccus falcatus Radik 444, 453
inaequalis Radik 444, 453
Page.
Hedyotis acutangula Champ S6
auricularia L S6
caudata Merr. 33
coemleus W. & A 38
congesta R. Br 36, 38
connata Wall 36
costata Kuiz .. . 38,39
humilis Merr 33
laevigatus Miq 37
lineatus Roxb .. 38
ovatifolia Cav 46
phanerophlebia Merr 34
philippensis Merr 37, 38
var. asperrima
Merr 38
var. meyeniana
Merr 38
prostrata Korth 36, 38
ramosii Merr. . 36
rhinophylla Thw Si
scandens Roxb. 33
subevenosa Men 36
vachellii Benth. 36
vestita R. Br. ... _ 38
Helotium testaceum Berk 263
Helminthosporium nodulosum B. & C 285
ravenelii B. & C 286
Hemileia canthii Berk, et Br 267, 476
vastatrix Berk, et Br 476
Heterosporium coryphae Syd 196, 608
Hexagona luzonensis Murrill 300
Himanthocladium loriforme Fleisch 81
Hippeophyllum wenzelii Ames 413
Homaliodendron flabellatum Fleisch 81
Humaria epitricha Berk 193
granulata Quel j. 404
granulata var. microspora
Rehm 404
raimundoi Rehm 192
Hydnophytum formicarium Jack 390
leytense Merr 390
Hymenodon sei-iceus C. Miill 73
Hymenophallus hadriani Nees SOi
indusiatus Nees 30i
Hymenophyllum blandum Racib HO
demissum Sw liO
holochilum C. Chr 140
productum Kze 140
Hymenopsis cudraniae Mass 286, 508
Hymenostylium luzonense Broth 69
Hypenanthe venosa Blume 2i7
Kypnodendron arborescens Lindb 97
formosicum Card 97
Hypocrea degenerans Syd 274
Hypocrella melaena Syd. 494
Hypopterygium ceylanicum Mitt 84
vriesei Bryol. jav 84
Hypoxylon annulatum Mont 273
anthracodes Mont 266
atrorufulum E. et Ev iOO
compactum Fr 261
coryphae Rehm 400
disjunctum Rehm 187
Index
517
Page.
Hypoxylon epiphloeum ISS
fulvo-ochraceum Rehm 188
luridum ... 188
marginatum Berk 273, 486
moriforme E. et. Ev iOO
ochraceum 188
placentiforme B. & C 260
porosum Mont iOO
rubiginosum Fr 260, 486
rutilum ... 188
stygium Sacc 273
Hypospila ambigua Syd 483
Hysterium rufulum Spreng. .. 263
Hysterostomella myrtacearum Rehm 275
psychotriae Syd 276
I
Ilex wenzelii Merr 382
Isanthera dimorpha Kranzl 332
Isopterygium albescens Jaeg 87
Ithyphallus impudicus Fries 304
Ixora fulgens Roxb. .. iO
lobbii Loud 40
pilosa Merr 39
propinqua Merr 39
J
Jaegei-ina luzonensis Broth 76
stolonifera C. Mull 76
K
Kibessia cordata Korth 360
echinata Cogr 360
simplex Korth 360
tuberculata Hook 360
Kretzschmaria gomphoides Penz. & Sacc. 274
Kuehneola gossypii Arth 476
L
Lachnea albo-grisea Rehm 193
Laschia luzonensis Graff 300
goetzei P. Henn 300
philippinensis Graff 300
Lasiodiplodia theobromae Griff. & Maubl. 281
Lasiothyrium cycloschizon Syd 504
Lasmenia ficina Syd 281
Lecanora angulosa Ach 100
atra Ach 102
carpinea Wain 100
cinereocarnea Wain 100
cucurbitula Muell.-Arg 103
isidiotyla Wain 101
lividocarnea Wain. 100
merrillii Wain 101
subfusca Ach 99
var. chlarona Ach 99
var. chlarotera Wain. 100
var. subcrenulata
Nyl 100
var. tumescens Wain. 99
Lembosia breviuscula Penz. & Sacc 403
decalvans Pat 191
f. coccoli Pat 261 1
Page.
Lembosia eugeniae Rehm 261
pothoidei Rehm 191
Lentinus lagunensis Graff 302
candidus Graff . 301
subnudus Berk. . 302
Lepiota chlorospora Copel 301
Lepidopetalum perrottetii B1 447
Lepisanthes eriolepsis Radik 446
palawanica Radik 445
schizolepsis Radik. 445
viridis Radik 446, 454
Leptosphaeria ambiens Rehm 257
sabalincola Sacc 257
Leptothyrium circumscissum Syd 603
Letendraea atrata Penz. & Sacc 258
Leucobryum bowringii Mitt 67
javense Mitt. . 67
sanctum Hampe 67
Leucomium philippinense Broth 91
Leucophanes albescens C. Mull 68
candidum Lindb 68
Limacinula javanica Zimmermann 395
malloti Rehm 395
Lisea spatholobi Rehm 395
Litchi philippinesis Radik 445, 458
Lobaria albidoglauoescens Wain 137
asiatica Wain 130
clemensiae Wain 136
discolor Wain 134
Luisia teretifolia Gaudich 434
Lycoperdon aurantiacum Bull 308
bovista Bolt. . 308
cepiforme Bull 308
cervinum Bolt 308
furfuraceum Schaeff 306
lilacinum Speg 306
majus Vail. .. 308
ovoideum Bull 306
piriforme Schaeff 306
pratense Schum 308
pusillum Batch 308
ramosum Jacq 306
tessulatum Schum 306
todayense Copel 306
Lobaria ferax Wain 132
var. genuina Wain 133
var. stenophyllodes
Wain 133
var. subsinuosa Wain 133
insularis Wain. . 136
interversans Wain 135
isidiosa Wain 129
macgregorii Wain 135
meridionalis Wain 128
philippina Wain. 131
retigera Wain. ... 129
robinsonii Wain. 134
schaereri Hue .... 131
subscrobiculata Wain 133
stictaeformis Wain 131
Lophodermium arundinaceum Chev 496
javanicum Penz. et Sacc. 403
passiflorae Rehm 402
518
Index
Page.
Lopidium javanicum Hamp., f, acuti-
folium Fleisch 84
Loranthaceae 370
Loranthorayces sordidulus von Hohnel 274
Loranthus lanaensis Merr. .. 371
wenzelii Merr. ., 370
M
Macromitrium angustifoliura Bryol. jav. .. 70
celebense Par 70
goniorrhynchum Mitt 70
merrillii Broth 70
reinwardtii Schw 70
salakanum C. Miill 70
seraipellucidum Doz. et
Molk 70
sulcatum Brid 70
Macrophoma musae Berl. et Vogl 601
Malaxis arietina Ames 411
comelinifolia O. Ktz il3
longipedunculata Ames 411
wenzelii Ames 412
Malmeomyces pulchellus Starb 255
Marattia ternatea De Vries e 139
Mastopoma uncinifolium Card 87
Medinilla acuminata Merr. . 238
albiflora Merr 386
astronioides Triana 228
attenuata Elm 248
brevipes Men 241
calcicola Merr 244
calelanensis Elm 239
camiguinensis Merr 233
canloanensis Merr 239
cardiophylla Merr 235
cauliflora Merr. .. 247
compressicaulis Men 238
confusa Merr 2i0, 241, 242
corlacea Merr 237
curranii Merr 232
disparifolia C. B. Rob .*. 236, 249
duodecandra Merr 229
epiphytica Merr 242
furfuracea Merr 245
gracilipes Merr 236, 249
halconensis Merr 245, 247
hirsuta Men- 246
intermedia Blume 240, 241
intermedia Merr 242, 243
lagunae V id 247
lateralis Merr 232
loheri Merr. 236, 248
luzonensls Hook, f 244
magnifica Lindl. 336
mearnsii Merr. .. 230
megacarpa Merr. 237
mindorensis Merr 242
mirandae Merr. .. 231
multinervia Men 247
myriantha Merr 240, 243
myrtiformis Triana 223, 235
negrosensis Merr, _ . 240
ovalis Merr 241, 242
Page.
1\T O V' TT 0,^5
philippensis Merr
247
pinnatinervia Merr.
235
ramiflora Merr
223, 235
TVTfirv*
230
sessilifolia Merr
234
9./f0.
subumbellata Merr
232
trunciflora Merr
247
vanoverberghii Merr
233, 234
247
verticillata Merr
weberi Men*
235
Megalonectria pseudotricha Speg. ,
182, 274
Meiothecium attenuatum Broth
92
jagori Broth
92
microcarpum Mitten
92
Melanconium merrillii Syd
606
Melanomma dubiosum Sacc
401
mindorense Rehm
401
victoris Speg
401
Melastomataceae
207, 386
Melastoma venosum Blume
247
375
Meliola acalyphae Rehm
252
amphitricha f. callicarpae
amer-
icana Cooke
262
arachnoidea Speg
262
4^ T*0*AH T1 Q
. 251
arundinis Pat
m
481
bicornis Winter
254
253
clavispora Pat
479
clerodendricola P. Henn
481
confragosa Syd
481
cookeana Speg
252
cylindrophora Rehm
181, 480
desmodii Karst. & Roum. ..
252, 481
dichotoma B. & C
268
+ rJaill
1R9.
gymnosporiae Syd
430, 481
hewittiae Rehm
263
horrida Rehm
393
insipTiis flaill.
251, 392
intricata Syd
268
jasminicola P. Henn
268
maese Rehm
392
malacotricha Speg
253
mangiferae Earle
268
i merermiae Rehm
253
merrillii Syd.
479
microspora Pat. & Gaill. 131,391,392,393
mitragynes Syd
478
parenchymatica Gaill
252
patens Syd
182, 479
pelliculosa Syd,
480
penicilliformis Gaill
392
peregrina Syd.
479
perpusilla Syd.
480
praetervisa Gaill
.. 131, 253, 393
1 pulcherrima Syd
481
1 quadrifurcata Rehm
181
quadrispina Rac
481
Index
519
Pajre.
Meliola sandorici Rehm 391
sakawensis P. Henn 392
sidae Rehm 391
stenospora Winter 181, 263, 393
substenospora von Hdhnel 269, 481
telosmae Rehm 392
usteriana Rehm S91
uvariae Rehm 251
Mellitosporiopsis gigantospora Sacc. &
Sydow 262
pseudopezizoides Rehm.. 404
violacea Rehm f. gigan-
tospora Rehm 262
Melocanna brachyclada Kurz 206
longispiculata Kurz 206
zollingeri var. brachyclada
Munro 206
zollingeri var. longispiculata
Munro 206
Memecylon acuminatum Sm 2U, 227
affine Merr. 218, 222, 225
var. lancifolium Merr. 218
amplexicaule Roxb 227
apoense Elm 217
hasilanense Merr 217
borneense Merr. 213
brachybotrys Merr 216
caeruleum Jack 218, 227
calderense A. Gray 223, 224
calleryanum Naud. 213
clausiflorum Naud. 208, 212
cordifolium Merr 221
costatum Miq . 227
cumingianum Presl 208,
211, 212, 213, 2U, 219
var. calleryanum Cogn 218
cumingii Naud 218, 222
densiflorum Merr 225
diversifolium Presl 208, 218, 227
edule Roxb. 207, 208, 211,, 215, 216, 217
var. ovatum C. B.
Clarke 21i, 215
elegans Kurz 227
elongatum Merr. 219
garcinioides Blume 217
gitingense Elm 212 j
gracilipes C. B. Rob 211, 212, 226
grande Retz 215, 217, 218, 227
intermedium Blume 217
laevigatum Blume 227
lanceolatum Blanco 207,
211, 212, 213, 2U, 219
loheri Merr. 220 I
lucidum Presl 208, 215, 216 !
lutescens Presl 218
macrophyllum Thw 227
raanillanum Naud. 218, 227
minutiflorum Miq 216
obtusifolium Merr 225
odoratum Elm 213
oligoneuron Blume 211
ovatum Sm 208, 21!,, 215, 216
palawanense Elm 225
pallidum Merr 223
122078 8
Page.
Memecylon panieulatum Jack 219,
220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225
parviflorum Blanco 207, 215, 216
phanerophlebium Merr 219
prasinum Naud 208, 215, 216
preslianum Triana 218, 225
pteropus Merr 224
pyrifolium Presl 208, 212
revolutum Merr 226
sessilifolium Merr 213, 225
sorsogonense Elm. .. 222
suboaudatum Merr 222
subfurfuraceum Men- 212,
213, 214, 215
var. depauperatum Merr 214
tenuipes Merr 211
terminale Dalz 227
terminalifloram Elm. 224
tinctorium Blanco 215, 216
tinctorium Koen 207, 216
umbellatum Burm. f 215
umbellatum Presl 218
venosum Merr 221, 222
violaceum Cogn 217
Menispermaceae 157
Merceya subminuta Broth 69
Merceyopsis Broth, et Dixon 69
minuta, var. subminuta
Broth, et Dix 69
Merrilliobryum fabronioides Broth 82
Merrilliopeltis calami P. Henn. 186
daemonoropis Syd 484
hiihnelii Rehm 186, 483
Metabolus caeruleus Blume 38, 39
laevigatus DC. 37
lineatus Bartl. . 38, 39
prostratus Blume 36, 37
Metasphaeria maculans Rehm 401
Meteriopsis i-eclinata Fleisch. 79
Micropeltella megasperma Syd 487
Micropeltis aequalis Sydow 394
albo-marginata Speg 255
applanata Mont 255, 394
bogoriensis V. Hoehn 487
consimilis Rehm 394
corruscans Rehm . 254
distincta Henn 394
leucoptera Penz. & Sacc 255
rheediae Rehm 190
schmidtiana Rostr 190, 255
semecarpi Syd 488
vagabunda Speg., var. cala-
mincola Rehm 394
Mierostroma philppinense Syd 265
Microstylis retusa J. J. Sm. 412
Microthyrium 394
circinans Speg. 254
elatum Rehm 254
Mischocai-pus brachyphyllus Radik 447, 472
cauliflorus Radik 447, 471
ellipticus Radik. 447
endotrichus Radik 447
fuscenscens Bl. 447
salicifolius Radik 447
520
Index
Page. I
Mischocarpus aundaicus B1 447 [
triqueter Radik. 447
Mniodendron divaidcatum Lindb 97 I
fusco-mucronatum Broth 97 [
Mnium rostratum Schrad 73 j
succulentum Mill 73 j
Monophyllaea glauca C. B. Clarke 169 i
hirtella Miq. ... 169
longipes Kranzl. 169 |
lowii C. B. Clarke 169 i
merrilliana Kranzl 168
Moraceae 364
Morenoella breviuscula v. Hohn 403
gedeana Racib iOS
Mucor clavatus L 402
Munkiella melastomata von Hohnel 280
Musa textilis Nee 368
Mussaenda chlorantha Men- 47
macrophylla Wall 47
philippica Rich 47
Mutinus bambusinus E. Piseher 304
Mycosphaerella alocaslae Syd 195, 271
creberrima Panz. &. Sacc. 271
musae Speg 482
pericampyli Syd 483
pericampyli Syd 270
roureae Syd. 270
Myiocopron bakerianum Rehm 393
millepunctatum Penz S94
Myrsinaceae 386
Myurium foxworthyi Broth 76
rufescens Fleisch 75
Nauclea bartlingii DC 41
oordatula Merr 40
jagori Merr 45
kentii Merr 43
mindanaensis Merr. 44
monocephala Merr 44
nitida Havil 42
ovata Merr. 42
puberula Merr 41
reticulata Havil 45
venosa Men 45
vidalii Ehn. 41
Naucoria manilensis GralT 303
Neckeropsis graeilenta Fleisch 80
lepineana Fleisch 80
Nectria trichospora B. & Br. 255
Neolindbergia rugosa Fleisch 74
Neopeckia diffusa (Schwein. ) Sacc 256
Nephelium chryseum B1 446
intermedium Radik 446
lappaceum L 445
mutabile B1 446
robustum Radik. . 446
xerospermoides Radik 446
Nephrodium rhodolepis Clarke 140
sarawakensis Baker 140
Nephromium tropicum Muell.-Arg 115
Nummularia anthracina Trav 400
anthracodes (Fr. ) Cooke 260
anthracodes Mont 273, 486
Page.
Nummularia bulliardi Tul 400
microplaca Sacc 400
scutata Berk. 400
urceolata Rehm 187
O
Oberonia cylindrica Lindl 414
insectifera Hook, f 413
toppihg'ii Ames 413
Ochrolechia massalongo . 103
pallescens Koerb 103
Octoblepharum albidum Hedw 68
Oidium erysiphoides Fr. . 506
Oldenlandia nudicaulis Roth 46
ovatifolia DC 46
Ombrophila aurantiaca Massee 262
helotioides Rehm 262
roseola Bres. 262
rubecenti-rosea Rehm 192, 262
sanguinea Rehm 192
Oospora obducens Syd. ... _ 506
Ophiobolus javanicus Penz. & Sacc 272
seriatus Syd. ^ 272
Ophiodothis vorax var. pilulaeformis B.
& C 184
Ophionectria erinacea Rehm 182
trichospora Sacc 255
undulata Merr 46
Opisteria tropica Wain. . 115
Orchidaceae 407
Orthomnium loheri Broth. 73
Otophora fruticosa B1 445
oliviformis Radik 445
setigera RadUc 446, 456
Ouroupartia perrottetii Baill 60
P
Panaeolus veluticeps Cooke & Mass 303
Papillaria fuscescens Jaeg 78
Parabaena echinocarpa Diels 157
philippinensis Diels 157
Parmelia stictaeformis Schaer 131
Parmularia hymenolepidis P. Henn 497
Paranephelium xestophyllum Miq 447
Parodiella grammodes Cke 478
Pavetta brachyantha Merr 47
indica L 48
involucrata Thw 48
Pelekium velatum Mitt 85
Peltigera crenulata Wain 113
erioderma Wain 112
macra Wain 114
nana Wain 114
polydactylon, f. melanocoma
Wain 113
Penzigia compuncta Sacc. & Paoli 261
Peranium Salisb .. 409
Perisporiaceae 251, 391
Peroneutypella cocoes Sydow 402
Peroneutypa corniculata Berl - 402
Pertusaria copelandil Wain 106
cucurbitula Mont 103
Perforaria cucurbitula Muell.-Arg 103
Index
521
Page. I
Pa.ge.
Pertusaria philppina Wain.
... 105 '
Phyllachora shiraiana Syd
280
reducta Stirt
... 104
sorghi von Hbhnel..
279
submultipuncta Nyl
... 104
spinifera v. Hohn. ..
397
I'Jyl
stenospor3- Sscc
279
PlfP
valsiformis Rehm
398
Peziza bella B. & C.
m
yapensis Syd
278
cretea Cooke
19S *
Phyllactinia suffulta Sacc
268
flavoaurantiaca Rehm
19S !
Phyllitis durvillei O. Ktz.
.. 152, 153
inaequalis B. & C
19S
schizocarpa v. A. v. R.
153
testacea Moug.
263 ;
intermedia v. A. v. R. .
.... U9, 150, 151
longifolia O. Ktz
.. 150, 153
Phaius philippinensis N. E. Br
422
mambare v. A. v. R
.. U7, 149
Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana Reichb. f
m
schizocarpa v. A. v. R. .
.. U9, 150
mariae Burbidge
434 [
scolopendrjum ..
.. US
Phallus bambusinus Zoll
30A
scolopendropsis v. A. v.
R
.. U9
foetidus Sowerby
SOi
'Phyllosticta bakeri Syd
.. 281
imperialis Schulzer .
SOi
cocophila Pass
.. 501
1 inn
graffia.Ti3. Ssoc
.. 501
indusiatus Ventenat
... SOi
manihoticola Syd.
501
185
roseus Delile
30^
canarii P. Henn.
.. 398
P^.iro/»io TSTvl
107
vulgaris Micheb
SOi
var. hypornela luck
Phialea cyathoidea, f. ciliatula Rehm...
... 192
var. mollescens Wain.
107
Philonotis griffithiana Mitt.
73
integrata Nyl. ...
107
mollis BryoL jav.
74
var. obsessa Wain.
107
revoluta Bi-yol. jav
74
var. sorediosa
Wain. .. 107
secunda Bryol. jav
74
picta Nyl
108
speciosa Mitt
74
Pilacre orientale Berk. & Br
299
Pholidota elmeri Am6s
iSi
193
Phomatospora elastica Zimmerm
397
sulcipes Berk. var. beccarii
Phomopsis bakeri Syd.
501
r^pR.
193
gliricidiae Syd
502
tricholoma P. Henn.
194
Phyllachora afzeliae Syd
277
Piloecium pseudorufescens C. Mull. ....
96
aggregatula Syd
280
Pilopogon blumei Borth.
67
andropogonis Karst. & Ha-
Pinnatella alopecuroides Fleisch.
81
T*i
256
luzonensls Broth
81
apoensis Syd. ...
278
Placopsis isidiophora Wain
102
atrofigurans Rehm
183
papillosa Wain
102
canarii P. Henn
396, 494
Plectronia fenicis Merr. .
50
circinata Sydow
397
leytensis Merr
49
coicis P. Henn.
279
lycioides Elm
50
cynodontis Niessl 279, 396, 495
mitis Elm
iS
dioscoreae Schwein
183
monstrosa A. Rich
48; 49, 50
dischidlae Syd.
277
paucinervia Merr
51
elmeri Syd
278, 397
peduncularis Elm
50, 51
K’nnvfl
278
60
fici-minahassae P. Henn...
256, 278
Plagiothecium miquelii Broth
87
ficium Niessl
183, 397
Plagiotheciopsis philippinensis
Broth. .. 87
graminis Fuckel
279, 390
183, 276
Pleosphaerulina phaseoli Syd
271
96
kaernbachii P. Henn
278
Poa cilianensis All
... 159, 160
lagunae Rehm
396
eragrostis Cav
159
lagunensis Syd.
278
megastachya Koel
159
luzonensls P. Henn
397
multiflora Forsk
159
rx^inula H^nii
495
"PnHnpViilinnP
414
pahudiae Syd. .
256, 277
Podochilus bicaudatum Schltr. . .
415
pai'kia6 P Henn
396
clemensi'ie Ames
phaseolina Syd
494
curaingii Schltr
415
pseudes Rehm
pt6rocarpi Rehm
396
397
elmeri Ames
416
rottboelliae Syd. et Butl. ..
494
intricatus Ames
... 415, 416
roureae Syd
277, 495
longilabris Ames
... 415
sacchari-spontanei Syd.
279
lucbanensis Ames
415
522
Index
Page.
Podochilus luzonensis Ames 4JS
negrosianus Ames US
perplexus Ames . U5
plumosus Ames 415, US
ramosii Ames 416, 417
robinsonii Ames 415
acicularis Hook, f US
strictus Ames 415
tenuis Lindl US, U7
Pogonatum albo-marginatum Jaeg 98
macrophyllum Doz. et Molk. .. 98
microphyllum Bryol. jav 98
nudiusculum Mitt 98
spurio-cirratum Broth 98
warburgii C. Mull 98
Polyalthia obliqua Hook S71
similis Merr 371
Polypodiaceae 152
Polypodium barathropbyllum Baker lU
javanicum Copel 142
khasyanum Baker US
negrosense Copel liS
Polyporus anebus Berk 299
bogoriensis Holt. SOO
Polysaccum tuberosum Fr 307
Polystictus bogoriensis Sacc. & Syd 300
Pometia pinnata Forst 445
Premna membranifolia Merr 388
subcandens Merr 388
Procris dolichophylla Merr 369
frutescens B1 369, 370
pedunculata Wedd 370
Pseudocyphellai-ia argyracea Wain 121
var. reven-
xensWain. 121
* aurata Wain 115
cinnamomea Wain 120
crocata Wain 119
dissimulata Wain 118
var. cur-
r a n i i
Wain 119
var. hypo-
p h a e a
Wain. .... 118
var. nudior
Wain 118
flavicans Malme 115
gilva Malme 119
homalosticta Wain 117
intricata Wain 120
var. thouarsii
Nyl 121
multipartita Wain 116
phaeorhiza Wain 116
quei'cifolia Wain 117
subpunctulata Wain. .. 119
tomentosa Wain 121
Pseudonephelium fumatum Radik 445
Pseudospiridentopsis horrida Fleisch 80
Psorotheciopsis decipiens Rehm, . var.
bispora Rehm 404
Psychoti-ia alvarezii Merr 56
banahaensis Elm 54
Page.
Psychotria bataanensis Elm 56, 57
cagayanensis Merr 51
euphlebia Merr 55
graoilipes Men 52
luconiensis F.-Vill 52
mindanaensis Merr 54
ovalis Elm. 53
pinnatinervia Elm 52
pongipedicellata Elm 53
rizalensis Merr 56
sarcocarpa Merr 53
tayabensis Elm 56
weberi Merr 54
Pternandra caerulescens Jack 360
Pteris pellucida Presl U2
venulosa El 142
Pterobryella longifrons C. Mull 76
Puccinia congesta B. & Br 266
engleriana P. Henn 475
erebia Syd .. 475
heterospora B. et C 266, 475
merrillii P. Henn 267
paullula Syd. .. 195
philippinensis Syd 266, 475
romagnoliana Maire & Sacc 267
Pycnothyrium lobatum Syd 503
Pyxine cocoes Nyl 108
consocians Wain 109
copelandii Wain 110
dissecta Wain 108
endoleuca Wain. 108
glaucescens Wain 109
meissneri var. endoleuca Muell.-
Arg 108
microspora Wain 110
philippina Wain 110
R
Randia lanoeolata Merr 57
stenophylla Merr 58
Rhacopilum spectabile Reinw. et Hoi-nsch. 97
Rhaphidostegium microcladioides Broth. 92
saproxylophilum Jaeg. 92
tristiculum Jaeg 93
Rhizogonium spiniforme (L. ) Bruch 73
Rhodamnia glabra Vid 211
Rhodobryum giganteum Hampe 72
Rhynchoglossum merrilliae Kranzl 168
Rhynchostegium celebicum Jaeg 97
menadense Jaeg 97
Rhysotoechia acuminata Radik 446, 465
striata Radik 446, 466
Rhytidhysterium javanicum Penz. & Sacc. 263
quaraniticum Speg 263
Rhytisma lagerstroemiae P. Henn 280
lagerstroemiae Rabenh 280
Ronabea arborea Blanco.. 48
bipinnata Blanco 48
Rosellinia aquila de Not. iOl, 485
auklandica Rabenh 401
bambusae P. Henn 273, 401, 486
calami P. Henn 485, 486
cocoes P. Henn 273
Index
523
Page.
Rosellinia decipiens Penz. & Sacc 27S
emergens (B. & Br. ) Sacc 257
lamprostoma Syd 273
leprantha Sacc. ... iOl
megalosperma Syd 485
merrillii Syd 485
Rourea unifoliolata Merr. ... 372
volubilis Merr S7Z
Rubiaceae 31, 390
S
Sabicea perrottetii A. Rich 60, 61
Saccolabium confusum Ames 435
luzonense Ames 435
Samara laeta L. 215
Sapindaceae . 443
Sapindus saponana L., 1. microcarpus
Radik 444
Sarcochilus philippinensis Vid iSS
Sarcopodium acuminatum Rolfe 426
stella-sylvae Loher &
Kranzl 426
Sarcoxylon conjunctum Cooke _ 261
Satyrium repens L 409
•Schistomitrium apiculatum Doz. et Molk. 68
robustum Doz. et Molk. 68
Schizothyrium aceris Pat 275
Schizostachyum acutiflorum Munro 205
brachycladum Kurz 206
dielsianum Merr 205
fenixii Gamble 205
hallieri Gamble 205
longispiculatum Kurz 206
palawanense Gamble 205
Schizoxylon stellatum Fuckel var. phil-
ippinensis Rehm 403
Schlotheimia luzonensis Broth. 70
wallisii C. Mtill. 70
Schmidelia 449
Schroeteriaster cingens Syd. . 476
Scirrhia luzonensis P. Henn. 496
seriata Syd. et Butl. 496
Scirrhiella curvispora Speg., var. rott-
boelliae Rehm 399
Scleria coi-ymbosa Roxb ^64
trigona Merr 363
Sclerococcus laevigatus Bartl 37
Scleroderma aurantiacum Pers. 306
citrinum Pers S06
columnare Berk. & Br 307
squamatum Chev 306
vulgare Hornem 306
Scolopendrium durvillei Bory 149, 150
longifolium Presl .... 149, 150, 151
mambare Bailey 149, ISO, 151
pinnatum J. Smith 149, 150
schizocarpum Copel 149
Sematophyllum alto-pungens Jaeg 95
batanense Broth 96
braunii Jaeg- 95
brevipes Broth 95
falcifolium Fleisch 96
gracilicaule Jaeg 94
hermaphroditum Besch. .. 96
Page.
Sematophyllum hyalinum Jaeg 96
piliferum Broth 96
robinsonii Broth 95
subulatum Jaeg 94
tubulosum Broth 94
Septoria bakeri Syd 281, 503
Seynesia clavispora Rehm 190
ipomoeae Syd. . 488
Simblum periphragmaticum Corda 305
periphragmoides Klotzsch 305
Sirosphaera botryosa Syd 502
Slackia grifiithii C. B. Clarke 171
philippinensis Kranzl 171
Spegazzinia meliolae A. Zimmerman 295
Spermacoce costata Roxb 38
meyeniana Walp 37, 38
philippinensis Willd 37
Sphaerella garganica Sacc 185
smilacicola Cooke 185
Sphaeria anthracina Kze. et Sehm 400
anthracodes Fr. 260
bambusae Rabh. 185
compuncta Junghuhn 261
diffusa Schwein 256
emergens B. & Bi. 257
nummularia DC 400
rubiginosa Pers 260
Sphaerulina smilacincola Rehm 185
Sphagnum junghuhnianum Doz. et Molk. 65
luzonense Warnst 65
malaecense Warnst 66
Spiridens longifolius Lindb 73
reinwardtii Nees 73
Splachnobryum luzonense Broth 70
oorschotii C. Mull 71
Stenochlaena palustris 152
Stereodon luzonensis Broth 86
Sterculiaceae 384
Sterculia cuneata R. Br. . 385
divaricata Merr 384
stipularis R. Br. 385
Sticta ambavillaria Del 124
boschiana Mont 126
caperata Boiy 122
copelandii Wain 127
duplolimbata Wain. 125
fimbriata Schaer 124
lingulata Wain 125
manilensis Wain 122
marginifera Mont 126
orbicularis Wain 126
var. pallescens Wain. .. 126
pluriseptata Wain 127
pulvinata Wain 123
recedens Wain 122
richardi var. tomentosa Mey. &
Plot 121
schaereri Mont. & v. d. Bosch 131
trichophora Wain. 123
Stictis stellata Wallr 403
thelotremoides Phil ^ 191
Stigmella manilensis Sacc 508
Stigmatea cinereo-maculaiis Rehm 257
pandani Pat. .. 257
524
Index
Page.
Symphysodontella subulata Broth 78
Syrrhopodon albovaginatus Schwaegr 68
ciliatus Sehwaegr 68
mulleri Lac 68
tristichus Nees 68
T
Taeniophyllum copelandii Ames 436
Taxithelium alare Broth 91
benguetlae Broth 90
horridulum Broth 90
instratum Broth 89
lindbergil Ren. et Card 91
nepalense Broth 89
papillatum Broth 91
percapillipes Broth 89
ramicola Broth 91
Teetaria gigantea Copel 141
Teinostachyum dullooa Gamble 205
Tephrosticta flcina Syd 271
Tetralopha nigrra Merr .58
philippinensis Elm 59
polillensis C. B. Rob 59
Thamnium ellipticum Kindb 81
Thecostele elmeri Ames 434
Thrixspermum amplexicaule Reichb. f. .. 438
mindanaense Ames 436
pallidum Reichb. f iS7
philippinense Ames 437
vanoverberghii Ames 438
Thuidium cymbifolium Bryol. jav 85
plumulosum Bryol. jav 86
Tilletia opaca Syd 265
Timmiella merrillii Broth 69
Timonius epiphyticus Elm 59
gracilipes Merr 60
longistipulus Merr 59
Tinomiscium molle Diels 167
philippinense Diels 158
Tinospora homosepala Diels 168
reticulata Miers 158
Trachyloraa indicum Mitt 76
Trachypodopsis crispatula Fleisch 79
Trachypus humilis Lindb. ... 80
subbicolor C. Miill 79
Trametes grisea Pat 300
Trematodon paucifolius C. Mull 65
Trichoglottis mindanaensis Ames 439
wenzelii Ames 440
Trichopeltis reptans Speg. . 190
Trichopeziza sulcipes Berk 193
Tricliosphaeria regulinoides Sacc. var.
arengae Rehm 184
sacchari Massee 18i
Trichosporium olivatrum Sacc i86, 606
Trichosteleum brevisetum Broth 93
cylindricum Broth 93
hamatum J aeg 93
mindanaense Broth 94
Trichostomurn subduriusculum Broth 69
Trichothyrium orbiculare Syd 492
Trichotosia bracteolata Kranzl 428
Trigonachras brachycarpa Radik 447
cultrata Radik 447
Page.
Trigonachras cuspidata Radik 447
membranacea Radik 447, 468
oblig.ua Radik 447, 467
rigida Radik 447, 467
spectabilis Radik 447, 469
Trigonostemon villosus Hook 381
wenzelii Merr 380
Triphlebia dimorphophylla Baker. .. i49, 150, 151
linza Baker 149, 150
Trismegistia korthalsii Broth 87
lancifolia Broth 87
Tristira pubescens Merrill 445, 466
triptera Radik. 445
Ti-istiropsis oblonga Radik 445, 456
j ovata Radik. 445
! subfaleata Radik 445, 455
i Tryblidiella balansae Speg. 263
mindanaensis P. Henn 263
rufula Sacc 191, 263, 497
Tryblidium quaraniticum Speg 263
Tylostoma mussooriense P. Henn 305
U
{ Uiicaria ferrea F.-Vill 60.
hookeri Vid 60, 61
1 perrottetii Merr 60
Uredo abri P. Henn 267, 477
antidesmae-dioicae Rac. 477
desmium Petch ... 267
dioscoreae-alatae Rac 267
gossypii Lagerh. 476
nerviseda Syd. ... 476
ngamboensis P. Henn 477
operculinae Syd. 476
philippinensis Syd 267
premnae Koord. . 267
wedeliae-biflorae Syd 476
Uromyces appendiculatus Lk 266
hewittiae Syd 266, 475
linearis Berk. & Br 266, 475
malloti P. Henn 266
mucunae Rabh 266
Urophyllum bataanense Elm 61, 62
grandistipulum Merr 61, 62
leytense Merr 62
Urticaceae 368
Ustilaginoidea ochracea P. Henn 283
Ustilago bursa Berk 265
sorghi Lk 265
Utraria furfuracea Quel 306
X
Valsaria censors Rehm 259
kriegeriana Rehm 259
staphylina Ell. & Ev 259
Verbenaceae 388
I Vescicularia campylothecium Broth.
dubyana Broth 88
fllicuspes Broth 88
meyeniana Broth 88
reticulata Broth 88
splendida Broth
Volvaria pruinosa Graff
w
Walsura brachybotrys Merr
multijuga King
Warburgiella cupressinoides C. Muller.
Webera duriuscula Broth
hampeana Broth
Willoug'hbya pauciflora Merr
Wilsoniella squarrosa Broth
X
Xylaria allantoidea Berk
anisopleura Mont.
botuliformis Rehm
compuncta Berk
525
dealbata B. &. Bi 188
euglossa Fr. 189
fulvella B & C 261
gigantochloae Rehm 261
gracilenta Syd 274
gracillima P. Henn 188
myosurus Mont 188
trianae Lev. 261
Z
abbreviata Hook, f iOS
Index
378
379 '
93 '
71
71
387 :
65 :
189
274
188 ;
261 ' Zeuxine
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