Plantae Lindheimerianae : an enumeration of F. Lindheimer's collection of Texan plants, with remarks and descriptions of new species, etc.

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WITH REMARKS, AND DESCRIPTIONS OF

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gis OE NEW YORK
BS _ NEW SPECIES, ETC. \8 OTA HED

44> Be GEORGE. ENGELMANN ann ASA GRAY.

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_ [From the Boston Journal of Natural History. Vol. V.]

BOSTON:
"PRINTED BY FREEMAN AND BOLLE a
1845. = Spo griee a ae

: a.
fa

om 22°68 Fc me
. Mr. Linpuermer’s plan for exploring the botany of Texas,
and preparing specimens of dried plants for distribution, was
announced in Silliman’s Journal for July, 1843. 'The-collec-
tion of that season, owing to various misfortunes, havirlg been
much smaller than was anticipated, it was thought best to
defer its distribution until that for the year 1844 should
come to hand. A part of the second collection was lost in
the course of transmission to St. Louis; those which were
received in sufficient quantity for distribution extend the
number to 318. Mr.-Lindheimer is now entering upon an
unexplored field west of the Colorado River, and we may
confidently expect that a rich harvest of peculiar plants will
.-~—yeward-his efforts during the present season. ‘This collection
will be assorted and distributed without delay, and our ac-
count of them duly published in the pages of this journal.
The collection of 1843 was made on Galveston Island,
around Houston, on the Brazos, &c. ‘The series commences
with some species of Ranuncutus, allied to &. pusillus,
which, having been long since distinguished by Dr. Engel-
mann, and communicated to various botanists under the»
following names, the characters as assigned by him are here
given.

1. Ranuncutvs Texensts (Engel. MSS.): caule erecto
ramosissimo basi hispido; foliis petiolatis, inferioribus ovatis
subcordatis denticulatis, superioribus lineari-lanceolatis, basi
petiolorum membranaceo-dilatata bracteisque ciliatis ; petalis 5
oblongis sepala ovata obtusa longe superantibus ; staminibus
plurimis ; carpellis subglobosis acutis minutim tuberculosis in
capitulum globosum congestis. — Margin of ponds, &c. near

MAY

{

Plante Lindheimeriane. 3

Houston. April. A span to a foot high, with conspicuous
bright yellow petals. .

2. R. rracuyspermus (Engel. MSS.): caule ramoso gla-
bro; foliis petiolatis, inferioribus plerumque orbiculato-ovatis
obtusis subintegris, superioribus lanceolatis lineari-lanceola-
tisve denticulatis, basi petiolorum membranaceo-dilatata brac-
teisque subciliatis; sepalis 3-4 ovatis reflexis petala 3-5
minima lineari-spathulata superantibus; staminibus 5-10;
carpellis compressis obtusis undique tuberculosis in capitulum
oblongum seu cylindricum congestis. — Margin of ponds near
Houston, &c. April, May.

3. R. TRacuyspermus, 8 aneustirotius (Engel. MSS.):
foliis omnibus lanceolatis lineari-lanceolatisve ;—-and 7? (an
spec.?) Linpuemert (Engel. MSS.): foliis inferioribus
ovatis; sepalis 3-5 ovatis obtusis patentibus petala 3 lineari-
spathulata zequantibus; carpellis compressis obtusiusculis tu-
berculosis in capitulum globosum congestis. — Near Houston,
&c. but not growing together with No. 2.

4, Crematis cytinprica, Sims. A narrow-leaved variety ;|
the herbaceous stem beginning to flower in April, when only -
a foot or so in height. Houston.

5. C. reticuuata, Walt. Houston. June.

6. Anemone Carouintana, Walt. Prairies, Houston. Feb-
ruary, March.

Ds Coccutus Caroxinus, DC. Houston. June.

8. StrepTanrHus uyacinTuoipes, Hook. Bot. Mag. t.
3516. West of the Brazos. July.

9. Crisratitya EROsA, Nuit.; Torr. & Gr. FI. I. p. 123.
Sandy prairies on the Brazos. August.

10. Creometta Mexicana, DC. High prairies west of
the Houston. April, August.

11. PoryeaLta Leprocauuis, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 130.
West of the Brazos. August.— More or less }branched.
Capsules ovate, with glands along the dissepiment on the face
of the valves.

12. P. nvcarnata, Linn. Houston. April.

BOTANIC aL
L4ape®:

4 Engelmann and Gray,

13. Krameria tanceouata, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New
York, II. p.168. The root of Krameria lanceolata is ligne-
ous, 2 to 3 lines thick, and very long, of a dark red color,
and has the same chemical and medicinal properties as the
South American Ratanha, (root of K. triandra, R. & P.)
As the plant appears to be common in some parts of Texas,
it might become valuable for collection and export.’

14. Drosera Brevirouia, Pursh. Galveston Island. April.

15. Hexranrnemum capitatum, Nutt. (ex Torr. & Gr. Fl.
I. p. 151.) H. polifolium, Torr. & Gr. l. c., which name is
preoccupied in the genus. ‘The clusters are seldom capitate.
May.

16. Lecuea Drummonnu, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 154.
With the preceding.

17. Hypericum eyMNaNTHUM (n. sp.): annuum, caule sim-
plici vel superne ramoso erecto quadrangulari; foliis e basi
cordata ovatis ovati-oblongisve amplexicaulibus 5—7-nerviis
pellucido-punctatis; cyma dichotoma pedunculata strictius-
cula laxiflora aphylla, nempe foliis floralibus in bracteis parvis
lanceolato-subulatis diminutis; floribus pedicellatis; sepalis
lanceolatis acutis petala superantibus; staminibus 10-12;

1 Professor A. Braun, after examining the flowers of species of this genus, has
suggested that the natural affinity of Krameria is with Leguminosae, rather than
with Polygalacee. And, indeed, at least in this species, the two lateral glandu-
lous petals cover in estivation the stamens; they cannot therefore belong to an
interior circle, as Bentham supposes. The ovary is one-carpellary (against the
type of Polygalacez) and irregularly one-sided, like the ovary of Leguminose ;
it is imperfectly bilocular, by the inflection of the placenta, as in some Leguminose ;
but in both cases are the cells always side by side ; on the contrary, in Polygalacee
one is before the other. rameria may, then, be considered a pentandrous Legu-
minosa, where one or two stamina are abortive. In K. lanceolata, it is the lowest
stamen, opposite the three connected petals, which is wanting; but, in some flowers,
a sterile filament occupies this place; it corresponds with the free 10th stamen of
most papilionaceous flowers, as the four others, which are united in K. lanceolata,
are analogous to the tube of nine connected filaments. The lateral sessile petals
correspond with the carina, and the three others, whose claws are connected, with
the ala and carina; the five sepals alternate with them, as the stamens alternate
with the petals. The fruit resembles somewhat the indehiscent spiny legume of an
Onobrychis; and, in all the specimens we have examined, it is one-seeded when
ripe. Engel. MSS. b

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Plante Lindheimeriane. 5

capsula ovato-conica calycem vix superante uniloculari; se-
minibus flavis longitudinaliter costatis. —Clayey ‘soil in pine
woods near Houston. June. Also in Louisiana, Arkansas,
&c. not uncommon. This is the plant mentioned in Torr.
& Gr. Fl. N. Amer. under H. mutilum. It appears so
different from the ordinary form of that species, that we are
obliged to separate it. It varies from 6 to 20 inches in
height.

18. Paronycuta Drummonnu, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 170.
July.

19. P. seracea, Torr. & Gr. 1. c. West of the Brazos,
with the preceding, &c.

20. Sirene Antirruina, Linn, var. suBGLABRA; and

21. var. pevieata; the leaves smooth, and with smooth
margins. Galveston.

22. Linum Berenprert, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3480. Sandy
downs of Galveston Island. April, May. Perennial? No.
doubt distinct from L. rigidum. Styles ¢onnate above the
middle. ‘The name should, if we mistake not, be L. Ber-
landieri.

23. XantHoxytum Caroninranum, Lam. “ Pepper-tree,
Toothache-tree.”” March.

24. Srpa LinpHeErmerti (n. sp.): annua? puberula; caule
erecto ramoso; foliis linearibus vel oblongo-linearibus serratis
basi subcordatis ; stipulis lanceolato-setaceis petiolum sub-
cequantibus ; pedunculis folium demum equantibus; carpellis
10-12 reticulato-rugosis, apice breviter birostratis extus pu-
bescentibus et angulo interno in dentem subuncinatum brevem
introrsum productis. — Prairies east of the Brazos. June to
August. (Also collected in Louisiana by Dr. Carpenter.)
About 2 feet high; the leaves 1-2 inches long, and 2—4 lines
wide. Peduncles articulated about three-fourths of an inch
below the fruit. Flowers (the yellow corolla an inch or more
in diameter) and fruit larger than in S. rhombifolia, from
which the carpels of the present species differ by their shorter
and blunter horns, reticulated sides, and by the tooth project-

’

6 Engelmann and Gray,

ing from the internal angle at the summit. JS. Elliottii has
narrower leaves, shorter peduncles, and about 9 orbicular car-
pels, which are only slightly bimucronate.

25. Matvaviscus Drummonnu, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 230.
Wet places, Houston. August. Leaves 4 or 5 inches in
breadth. This proves to be a very ornamental plant in culti-
vation.

26. Vitis sipinnata, Torr. §& Gr. Prairies, Houston.
June.

27. Vicra Lupoviciana, Nutt. Galveston and Houston.
April.

28. Viena cuaBra. Savi? Thickets, Houston, &c.
June, July.— The plant is hirsute, but the leaves are almost
glabrous when old; the flowers hardly larger than those of
the garden bean; the vexillum pale yellow, the carina deep
yellow. Legume compressed, somewhat torulose, black,
hirsute with whitish hairs; the seed black, with a white
hilum. ‘The leaflets are broadly oval; but there is a variety
@ aneustiroiia, which has lanceolate or linear-lanceokate
leaves. Near brackish water on the coast of Galveston Bay.
July.

29. Ruyncenosia minima, DC.; Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 687.
Houston. September.

30. R. menisperMoiweEA, DC. With the preceding, in
hard, clayey soil.

31. Davusenronia tonerrotia, DC. Houston. August.

32. Tepurosia onosrycuoiwes, Nutt. A variety with
silvery pubescence, and somewhat persistent stipules. Flow-
ers white, soon turning to pale scarlet; the vexillum green
in the middle. Prairies from Houston to the Brazos. April,
August.

33. T. Virernrana, Pers., and

34. InpicorerRA LepTosePaLa, Nutt. Houston and the
Brazos. June, July.

35. Psoratea rHomBIFOLIA, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I.p. 308.
Sandy places, Galveston Island, May. (Also collected by Dr,

Plante Lindheimeriane. 7

Wright.) Stems diffuse, decumbent, from a filiform, often
tuberiferous root. Leaflets of the lower leaves orbicular, of
the upper rhombic-ovate and mostly acute. Peduncles in our
specimens commonly shorter than the leaves. Legume mem-
branous, suborbicular, rostrate, transversely dehiscent ; the
upper part strigose-pubescent, the lower glabrous and some-
what rugose. Seeds orbicular, compressed. The singular
transverse dehiscence of the pod appears to confirm the
opinion that Psoralea belongs to the tribe Hedysarez.

36. P. oprusinopa, Torr. & Gr.l.c. Dry prairies east of
the Brazos, flowering early in the season. Legumes glandular.
The allied, but distinct, P. floribunda is wrongly described as
“canescent but not glandular,” whereas the plant is gen-
erally glandular, often very much so.

37. AmorpHa panicuLtaTa, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 306.
Thickets, Galveston Bay, and west of the Brazos. June, July.
A stately plant, 6 to 9 feet high, the long spikes clustered in
ample panicles.

38. A. euasra, Desf.; DC. prodr. 2. p. 256. Wet prairies,
Houston, &c. 4

39. Dauea aurea, Nutt. West of the Brazos. June to
August.

40. Peratostemon opovatum, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 310.
Brazos. August.

41. P. puieomrs 8 micropuytuum, Torr. & Gr. lL. c.
Sandy elevations in the prairies west of the Brazos. July.

42. P. viotaceum, Michx.: a pubescent variety.

43. P. moittirtorum, Nuit. On the Brazos. August.

44. Trirotium reriexum, Linn. Galveston. May.

45. Astracatus Nurrauianus ? TricHocarpus, Torr. &
Gr. Fl. I. p. 334. Coast of Galveston Island, on soil com-
posed of fragments of shells; while A. Nuttallianus is found
in prairies in the interior of the island. The present variety,
if such it be, has rather shorter as well as hairy pods, with
usually 7-8 seeds in each cell, while in the true A. Nuttalli-
anus there are commonly 10-12.

8 Engelmann and Gray,

46. A. teprocarpus, Torr. & Gr. 1. c. April, with the
preceding.

47. Mrwosa stricituosa, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 399. Tet-
ramerous, octandrous. Hard clayey soil. April, June. — We
have this plant in cultivation. The foliage is nearly as sensi-
tive to the touch as M. pudica.

48. Neprunia Lures, Benth. in Hook. Jour. Bot. IV. p.
356. Acacia lutea, Leav.; Torr. & Gr.l.c. Moist prairies,
April — June.

49. Acacta uirta, Nutt. in Torr. , Gr. l. c. ; and

50. ? auaBrior. Dry, open woods around Eilisoas ; May,
June, and frequently flowering again in September.

51. Acacta Farnesiana, Willd.; Benth. Nearly the only
shrub on Galveston Island, where it attains the height of 6 or
7 feet, and forms considerable thickets. Its odorous flowers
are produced in April or May. Certainly indigenous to Texas,
and probably also to Florida.

52. Lyrurum avatoum, var. 7, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 482.
“TL. foliosum, n. sp.” Engel. MSS. (who has noticed two
states, viz., 1. staminewm; filaments as long as the darker
colored petals, the style not exceeding the calyx, and the
ovary frequently sterile? 2. stylosum ; filaments as long as
the calyx only, the style as long as the apparently smaller and
paler petals, or longer.) But, if a distinct species, it will fall
under L. lanceolatum, Ell.

53. CGinoruersa Drummonpi, Hook. Downs of Galveston.
April, May ; also in the autumn.

54, CE. wintronia, Nutt. Galveston Island.

55. CE. speciosa, Nutt. Houston. April, May.

56. (i. rnuomprpetaua, Nutt.in Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 493.
This handsome species, so remarkable for its acute or acumi-
nate petals, has been cultivated in the botanic garden of Har-
vard University from seeds received from Mr. Lindheimer.
His specimens have broader leaves and petals than those from
Arkansas ; the upper leaves ovate-lanceolate, closely sessile and
somewhat cordate. The pods are cylindrical-prismatic, some-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 9

what hairy and often incurved. ((. bifrons, Don, has
rounded petals.) Galveston to the Brazos. June, July.

57. Lupwiera uirtecia, Raf.; Torr. & Gr. l.c. Houston.

58. L. LINEARIS, Var. PUBERULA: caule ramosissimo angu-
lato foliisque junioribus minutim puberulis ; lobis calycis tri-
angulari-lanceolatis acuminatis tubum «quantibus capsula
elongato-turbinata subpedicillata dimidio brevioribus ; petalis
flavis conspicuis. — Prairies and road-sides, Houston. June,
September. Also in Alabama, Louisiana, &c.; these char-
acters gradually shading away into the ordinary L. linearis,
in its branching forms, so that we cannot consider it as a dis-
tinct species.

59. Jusstma pecurrens, DC. Houston, &c.

60. Gaura sinuara, Nutt. Steep river-banks, &c., west
of the Brazos. August.

61. Gaura LinpHermertr (n. sp.): perennis, erecta, vir-
gato-ramosa, strigoso-pubescens vel hirsuta ; foliis infimis
spathulatis lyrato-pinnatifidis sinuatisve, caulinis sessilibus lan-
ceolatis acutis sinuato-dentatis vel undulatis, supremis plerum-
que integris ; bracteis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis scariosis
caducis ; calycis tubo ovarium sessile equante segmentis (in
alabastro hirsutis) mulio breviore ; petalis 4 spathulato-rhom-
boideis breviter unguiculatis subadscendentibus staminibus 8
styloque deflexis paulo brevioribus ; nuce tetraquetra circum-
scriptione ovali utrinque acuta, faciebus usque ad medium
carinato-costatis fere levigatis. — Prairies from Houston to the
Brazos, flowering from April to May, and through the summer.
In the botanic garden of Harvard University, where it is cul-
tivated from seeds collected by Mr. Lindheimer, it also flowers
through the whole summer, and proves to be a very showy
and elegant species. It attains the height of from 3 to 6 feet,
and its copious racemose branches produce a long succession
of blossoms which are of a large size for this genus. The
petals, which are often three-fourths of an inch long, are pure
white changing to rose color ; the calyx is reddish. Flowers
always tetramerous and octandrous. This is probably the

2

10 Engelmann and Gray,

same as the Texan plant referred by Spach to G. tripetala,
Cav.; but it does not agree with the figure of Cavanilles, nor
olin any trimerous flowers.

62. Erynerum coronatum, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p. 604.

Bottom woodlands on the Brazos. August.
_ 63. Cynoscrapium pinnatum, DC. 8 pumitum. Differs
from the larger and erect form (which is usually a foot or two
in height,) in its low and diffuse stems, its umbellets with only
four or five rays, and few or no involucral leaves. Prairies,
Galveston. April, May.

64. Leprocauntis ecuinatus, Nutt. Galveston Island.

65. Discopteura capmtuacea, DC. Galveston. May.

66. Spermacoce GuaBra, Michx. Near Houston. Sept.

67. Mirreoua petiotata, Torr. &§ Gr. Swampy thickets
west of Houston.

68. PoLypremum prRocumBeENs, Linn. Houston. June.

69. Hepyotis Boscu, DC. Houston. May and June.

70. VERNONIA ANGUSTIFOLIA, var. 7 Torr. & Gr. Wet
prairies west of the Brazos. July.

71. Liarris etegans, Willd. Houston to the Brazos:

72. L. acwwora. = L. mucronata, Torr. & Gr. Fl. II. p.
70,non DC. Houston to the Brazos, in wet praries. Au-
gust, September. In the Flora of North America, this species,
which is apparently common in Western Louisiana and Texas,
was hesitatingly referred to L. mucronata, DC., from the
character of which it differs in some respects, principally in
the form of the involucral scales. But among Lindheimer’s
plants, some specimens of what is no doubt the true L. mu-
cronata, DC. occur, (which have been distributed in some
sets, probably mixed with L. acidota,) and which render it
clear that the present is a different, although very nearly
allied species. We have accordingly given a new name.
The diagnosis may be expressed as follows; the habit, foliage,
&c. being nearly the same in both; and the involucral scales’
more or less ciliate when young.

L. mucronata: capitulis in spicam strictam arcte digestis ;

Plante Lindheimeriane. 11

invol. squamis ovalibus obtusis abrupte mucronatis ; pappo
plumoso achzenio pubescente vix longiore; caudice globoso.
— Capitula (3—5 flora) et flores magnitudinis illorum L. tenui-
flore. Texas, Berlandier, Lindheimer ; near Houston, and
near the mouth of the Brazos.

_L. acidota: capitulis in spicam strictiusculam sepius elon-
gatam digestis; invol. squamis oblongo-lanceolatis (extimis
tantum ovatis) purpurascentibus, sensim acuminato-cuspidatis ;
pappo plumoso achenio puberulo subglabrove longiore ; cau-
dice perpendiculari incrassato e cormo globoso.— Capitula
(seepius 3-flora) squamz floresque iisdem L. mucronate duplo
majora. Western Louisiana, Hale. Texas, Drummond,
Lindheimer.

73. L. acrmora, 8 vernatis: caulibus; humilibus (spi-
tham. — pedal.) multicipitibus ; spicis brevibus laxiusculis ; ca-
pitulis seepius 4—5-floris. —Wet, sandy prairies, near Houston.
April, May.

74. L. pycnosracuya, Michx. MHouston to the Brazos.
August. |

75. Evparorrum rotunpirotium, Linn. Houston. Aug.

76. E. 1wcarnatum, Walt. Thickets near Houston. Sep-
tember — October. (This delicate species, which is quite rare
in herbaria, grows abundantly on the rocky banks of the
French Broad River, North Carolina, about ten miles below
Asheville.)

77. Mixanta scanpens, Willd. UHouston, &e.

78. AsteR puyLLoteris, Torr. & Gr. Fl. Il. p. 118.
Prairies, Houston. June — October.

79. Ertczeron scaposum, DC. Quicksands of the downs
of Galveston Island. April, and continuing to flower until
October.

80. Gutrerrezia Texana, Torr. & Gr. Fl. Il. p. 194.
Dry, barren soil, Houston. September — October.

81. Souipaco nitipa, Torr. & Gr. Ll. c. Prairies on

Chocolate Bayou, 50 miles south of Houston. September,
October.

12 Englemann and Gray,

82. S. renurronia, Pursh. Wet prairies. October.

83. S. LeprocepHaLa, Torr. & Gr. l. c. Wet prairies,
Houston. September.— We have two forms; one with
broader leaves and larger heads, bearing about 5 disk and 11
ray-flowers ; another, with narrower leaves and smaller heads,
which have about 3 disk and 10 ray-flowers.

84. S. Boorrn, Hook.; Torr. & Gr.l.c. Houston. July
— September.

85. S. rorriroiia, Ell. With the preceding.

86. BieeLovia nupaTa, § vireata, Torr. & Gr. I. c.
Prairies on Chocolate Bayou. September.

87. Brappurta HiRTELLA, Torr. & Gr. Fl. IL. p. 250.
Prairies, in hard, clayey soil, west of the Brazos. July, Au-
gust.— The flowers of this very interesting and pretty plant
are certainly yellow (a point which could not be positively
determined from Drummond’s specimens,) and the genus was
therefore rightly placed in the homochromous series.

88. Hererorueca scaspra, DC. Houston, &c. July.

89. Curysorsis craminirouia, Nutt.; and

90. C. pitosa, Nutt. Houston, &c.

91. Amprosrta coronoriroutia, Torr. & Gr. l. c. Sub-
saline prairies, Galveston Bay, &c. July.

92. BerLANDIERA TOMENTOSA, 8 DEALBATA, Torr. & Gr.
l. c. Sandy prairies west of the Brazos. June.

93. Zrinnta MuutTieLors, Linn. With the preceding.

94. Ecurnacea ancustirot1a, DC. Pine woods near
Houston. April, May. The slender and original form of
this species, which varies much as does E. purpurea. 'The
peduncles are scarcely incrassated at the summit, the head
hemispherical, with 8 to 13 narrow, rose-colored rays. The
northern form, (E. sanguinea, Nutt.) is a much stouter plant,
the peduncle much thickened at the summit, the head twice
the size, and at length conical, with 12 to 16 dark red rays.
Both forms are quite variable.

95. Rupgsecxia aLismzrouia, Torr. & Gr. l.c. Houston
to the Brazos.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 13

96. Hetriantuus cucumerirouius, Torr. & Gr. Fl. II. p.
319. Sandy soil, west of the Brazos. July, August. The
mottled stems, with the leaves all cordate and coarsely toothed,
and the narrow involucral scales quite reflexed and tapering
gradually into long subulate points, are uniform in all the speci-
mens. The foliage is deep green.

97. H. prmcox (n. sp.): annuus vel biennis; caule his-
pido ramoso ; foliis alternis longe petiolatis (subcinereis) leviter
serratis deltoideo-ovatis in petiolum abrupte attenuatis, infimis
tantum cordatis ; pedunculis elongatis monocephalis ; involucri
foliolis lanceolatis, subulato-acuminatis discum vix superanti-
bus; corolla fl. disci atro-purpurea gracili; achenio piloso ;
paleis pappi lanceolatis puberulis.—In loose sandy soil im-
pregnated with salt, Galveston Island. April and May; in
cultivation flowering from June to October. Plant 13-2! feet
high ; the heads about as large as in H. cucumerifolius, to
which it is nearly allied ; but from which it is constantly dis-
tinguished by its smaller size, the slightly toothed and seldom
cordate leaves, the broader and more abruptly pointed in-
volucral scales, the slender disk-corollas, the nearly flat (instead
of hemispherical) disk in fruit, &c., &c.

98. H. occipenratis g pLantacineus, Torr. & Gr. I. c.
Bottom lands, south of Houston. August, September.

99. H. r1erus, Desf. Fertile prairies. Juné— August.

100. H. aneusriroxivus, Linn. Wet prairies. June— Aug.

101. Coreopsis Drummonnu, Torr. & Gr. 1. c. Sandy
downs of Galveston Island. May — October.

102. C. rincrorta, Nutt. Prairies on Galveston Island.

103. GartLarpia picta, Don. Galveston Island, on a soil
_ formed of fragments of shells. May.

104. G. amptyopon, Gay. In sandy or gravelly soil, west
of the Brazos. May—July. ‘This species is equally showy
with the preceding in cultivation: the copious rays are deep
reddish-flame-color, with brown-purple at the base, and under-
neath.

105. G. panceouata, Michx. Galveston Island, &c.

14 Engelmann and Gray,

106. Panaroxia Texana, DC. Wet prairies, Houston.
August. Annual, as is P. Hookeriana also.

107. Hymenoparrpus arremisimrouivus, DC. Open oak
woods, &c.; west of Houston, &c.; flowering from March to
September. Radical leaves very variable.

108. Hevenium Tenurrouium, Nutt. Open woods. Sep-
tember. :

109. Lerropopsa BracHypopa, Q (purpurea.) Torr. &
Gr. Fl. Il. p. 388. May.

110. Marswatiia cxspitosa, Nutt. Dry prairies, Hous-
ton, &c. The specific name is singularly inappropriate, at
least as applied to the Texan plant ; for the stems are single,
scattered, and not at all cespitose. The lowest leaves are
often lanceolate-oblong or spatulate.

111. Eereres Arxansana, Nutt.; Torr. & Gr. Fl. Il. p.
411. (KE. Texana, Engel. MSS., but agrees very well with
the original Arkansan plant. A. Gr.) Downs of Galveston
Island, April, May, and also in November, when it has very
diffuse and decumbent stems, somewhat woody at the base ;
but the plant is surely annual. After flowering, the tube of
the corolla of the outer disk-flowers, as well as those of the
ray, become enlarged and corky at the base; and the inner
part of the disk is sterile. It is quite a handsome plant in
cultivation.” The numerous rays are pure white above, and
usually marked with pink underneath.

112. GnapHaLium purPUREUM, Linn. var. (G. spicatum,
Lam.?) April.

113. Crrstum Virein1anum, Michx. Open woods. March
to May. 3

114. Centaurea Americana, Nutt. Moist fertile prairies,
Houston. July.

115. Pyrruoparpus Caroxinianus, DC. Dry prairies.
May, June.

116. Losen1a cuanpuLosa, Walt. Wet prairies and woods.
September. A more or less scabrous form: bracts lanceolate
from a broad base ; the sinuses of the calyx very slightly re-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 15

flexed. The specimens collected in shady places are less
rough ; the tube of the calyx is either hispid or nearly glabrous.

117. Vaccinium arsoreum, Marsh. Woods. April.

118. Ascueprras paupercuna, Michx. Swamps near the
coast. Stem 4—6 feet high. Root tuberous. June.

119. Sevrera maritima, Reichenb., Decaisne. (Lyonia,
Ell.) Wet, saline prairies, Galveston, &c. May.

120. Sappatia campestris, Nutt. Contrib. Fl. Arkans.
&c. Flowers April to vay, and again in August and Sep-
tember ; in dry prairies.

121. S. catycosa, Pursh: a variety with rather longer
calyx lobes than usual. Shady margins of streams near Hous-
ton. May, June.

122. Git1a coronoprrouia, Pers.; Benth. in DC. Prodr.
VIII. p. 313. Dry prairies and open woods. June, July.

123. Cuscura neuroPETALA, Engel. in Sill. Jour. XLV.
p- 75. (§ minor. A smaller, earlier flowering form, growing
in drier places, mostly on Petalostemon multiflorum, but also
on Liatris, and even on Euphorbia corollata. It approaches
C. hispidula so much that, not improbably, further investi-
gation of living plants may prove both to be only varieties of
a single species, for which the name of C. porphyrostigma
would be most appropriate, as all the forms that would belong
to it, are distinguished from every other known North Amer-
ican species by the purplish-brown stigmas. Another remark-
able variety is:

124. C. neuroperata, Engel. y LirToORALIs: cymis pani-
culatis ; floribus majoribus pedunculatis ; tubo corolle late
campanulato calycis segmenta late ovata acutiuscula subcari-
nata et lacinias limbi enervias ovatas abrupte acuminatas
crenulatas patentes subequante ; squamis tubum subzequanti-
bus. — Seashore of Galveston Island, on Lycium Carolinianum,
Borrichia frutescens, Iva frutescens, &c. Flowers in May. Dif-
ferent from the inland form by the much larger, more openly
campanulate flowers, expanding in spring; by the hardly cari-
nate, broader, and not so acute sepals, and the broad lobes of the

16 Engelmann and Gray,

corolla, which are rarely somewhat nerved ; stigmata also pur-
ple, and anthers purple or yellow. (ngel.)

125. C. cuspipata (Engel. n. sp.): caule filiformi ramosis-
simo ; floribus pedunculatis in cymas laxas bracteosas disposi-
tis 5-fidis; tubo corolle cylindrico sepala usque ad_ basin
libera ovata concava (exteriora cuspidata) et lacinias limbi
ovatas acutiusculas uninervias erectas s. patentes superante ;
staminibus limbo brevioribus ; squamis ovatis fimbriatis tubum
subeequantibus ;_ stylis filiformibus "ovario (minuto) globoso
pluries longioribus ; capsula globosa corolla marcescente ob-
tecta. —Var. «. pratensis: floribus minoribus; calyce bracteis
paucis involucrato ; tubo corollz subcylindrico calycis et co-
rolle segmentibus paulo longiore ; staminibus limbi laciniis ova-
tis acutiusculis duplo brevioribus ; stylis ovarium parvum duplo
superantibus. — Dry prairies west of the Brazos, on Tephrosia,
Bradburia, Ambrosia, &c. June. — Var. 8. numipa: floribus
majoribus ; calyce bracteis pluribus involucrato ; tubo corollee
infundibuliformi calycis et corollze segmenta duplo superante ;
staminibus laciniis limbi lanceolatis acutis paulo brevioribus ;
stylis ovarlum minutum quater superantibus. Bottom lands
of the Colorado, on Iva ciliata, Ambrosia trifida, &c. August,
1844, (No. 276, infra.) —A remarkable species. The stems
are very much branched, filiform ; inflorescence loose panicu-
late, pedicels with many cuspidate bracts, some of them sur-
rounding the calyx like an involucrum, similar in shape but
smaller than the sepals ; sepals somewhat lacerate or crenu-
late, ovate, carinate, (the carina less distinct in the var. §,)
cuspidate, interior ones rather obtuse, all concave, loosely im-
bricated. Lobes of corolla thin membranaceous, with a strong
middle nerve, formed by large oblong or linear cells; when
dry, convolute ; the exterior ones generally somewhat cuspi-
date, the interior ones obtuse ; at the base the lobes are dilated
and cover one another, more than in any other North Ameri-
can species. Styles remarkably slender and long, about the
length of the stamens, but elongated after flowering, when the
corolla assumes an urceolate shape, and finally covers like a

Plante Lindheimeriane. 17

hood the upper part of the globose capsule.—JIt appears to
be an intermediate form between Cuscuta proper and Lepi-
danche. ‘The var. @ has larger and thinner flowers, of paler
color, and the lobes of the corolla lanceolate and acute. Engel.
126. C. pentacona, 6 caLycina, Engel. Wet prairies.
June.
127. C. verrucosa, Engel. l.c. Dry prairies. July.’

é

1 An undescribed North American species, collected in the Alleghanies of Vir-
ginia and North Carolina by Dr. Gray and Mr. Sullivant, in the autumn of 1843, is
here appended. (This was named C. orycarpa,n. sp.; but, just as these sheets
are going to press, Dr. Engelmann writes that Mr. Shuttleworth has distributed the
same plant from Rugel's collection, with a printed label, under the name of C. ros-
trata, which he therefore now substitutes for his own. A. Gr.)

C. rostraTA (Shuttlew. in coll. Rugel): caule ramoso; floribus pedunculatis
cymoso-umbellatis 5-partitis; tubo corolle globoso-campanulato calycis segmenta
ovata obtusa leviter crenulata et lacinias limbi ovatas obtusas patentes (demum
reflexas) duplo superante; staminibus limbum subequantibus; squamis fimbriatis
(convergentibus ?) basi inter se connatis; stylis filiformibus ovarium stylopodio
ejusdem longitudinis coronatum pyriforme subequantibus; corolla marcescente ad
basin capsule (maxime) acutate persistente.— Alleghany Mountains from Vir-
ginia to South Carolina, (Mr. Buckley! 1842.) Prof. Gray and Mr. Sullivant !
1843. — August to October. — Particular localities recorded by Messrs. Gray and
Sullivant are: Grandfather and Negro Mountains, N. Carol.; Tygart’s Valley, Va. ;
and ‘common in moist, shady ravines in western Virginia.” The specimens which
came under my observation grow on Urtica, Rubus, Aster, Solidago, Rudbeckia, and
some other plants,

After repeated and careful investigation, and with some hesitation, I have ad-
mitted this mountain plant as a distinct species, different from C. rulgivaga. The
large pointed capsule would seem to characterize it at once; but C. rulgivaga
offers so many different forms and sizes of the capsule, that other characters were
necessary ; and they are found in the tissue of the corolla, which is ever destitute
of the large pellucid dots constantly observed in C. vulgivaga, but is composed,
especially about the tube, of regular, somewhat elongated, hexangular cells, easily
distinguishable in dried specimens with a common glass. In the common species,
the cells are linear, mostly much elongated, interspersed with the large air-cells,
which have been frequently mentioned. The flowers are mostly twice as large as
in C. vulgivaga, but of the same shape and proportion, about 2, and sometimes
(especially in Tygart’s Valley specimens) 3 lines long; but the elongated ovary,
whose stylopodium is nearly as long, though only half as thick, as the ovary proper,
distinguishes it at once even from those forms of C. rulgivaga where the stylo-
podium is unusually large. The filiform styles are at first about the length of the
stamina, but soon after they are long exserted. The capsule is very large, fully
3 lines long, globose, attenuated to a bifid point; it is larger and more acute than in
any other known American species.— During the same journey, the following
species was abundantly collected :

C. (Leripancue) compacta (Choisy): caule ramoso; floribus sessilibus glome-
ratis 5-partitis ; sepalis sub-novem leviter crenulatis orbiculatis concavis adpressis,

18 Engelmann and Gray,

128. Ipomma sacirrata, Desf.; Choisy. June — Sept.

129. Convo.tvuLus aquaticus, Walt. Wet prairies west
of the Brazos. Often 10 feet long. July.

130. Nama Jamatcensis, Linn.? Sandy prairies, &c.
near the Brazos. June. Annual.

131. LirnospermMum TENELLUM, Nutt. in Trans. Amer.
Phil. Soc. (n. ser.) V. p. 88. On the Brazos, &c. April—
August.

132. Hexiotropium curassavicum, Linn. Galveston, &c.

133. H. insunpatum, Swartz ; DC. prodr. 9, p. 539. Banks
of the Brazos. June.

134. Evroca urrsuta = Phacelia hirsuta, Nutt. in Trans.
Amer. Phil. Soc. 1. c. p. 191. Pine woods near Houston.
March and April. Corolla with 5 very obscure pairs of
squamelle at the base of the tube. Ovary 5—10-ovuled.
(Vide No. 279, 280, infra.) Also Texas, Drummond’s Coll.
3, No. 299.

interioribus minoribus; tubo corolle cylindrico calycem et lacinias limbi lineari-
oblongas obtusas duplo superante ; staminibus limbo brevioribus; squamis pinnati-
fido-laciniatis ; ovario cum stylopodio stylos subequante ; capsula globosa subacuta
corolla marcescente obtecta 1-4-sperma.— North Carolina to Alabama, in the
mountains, on shrubs, frequently on evergreens; on Corylus rostrata, Buncombe
Co., N. Carol.; on the same, and on Andromeda uvillaris or spinulosa, on the sides
of Negro Mountain, N. Curol., Prof. A. Gray and Mr. W. SS. Sullivant; in Ala-
bama, on Prinos glaber, Dr. Gates, (Herb. Gray.)

This is clearly the Cuscuta compacta of Choisy’s monograph, (and of DC. prodr.
excl. syn.) described after specimens collected in Alabama and Georgia; the notice
in Silliman’s Journal, Vol. XLIV. p. 195, must therefore be corrected. — It is very
near Cuscuta (Lepidanche) adpressa, which thus far has only been found on the
bottom lands of the Mississippi and Illinois Rivers. This is again a remarkable
instance of two nearly allied species, one growing in the mountainous region of the
Southern States, the other one in the western lowlands. Analogies offer in Baptisia
alba and leucantha, Phacelia fimbriata and Purshii, and others. The mountain
species is distinguished from its western relative by the closer and compacter glome-
rules, and much more slender and mostly smaller flowers. The tube of the corolla
exceeds the compact scales of the calyx considerably, and is much narrower in pro-
portion to its length; it gives, therefore, to the capsule which it covers, a much
more pointed appearance, though the capsule itself is nearly globose. This appear-
ance of the vestiges of the corolla on the capsule distinguishes this species from
C. adpressa just after flowering. The corolla appears to be more membranaceous
than in the western species, and remains whitish when well preserved in the herba-
rium; the other usually turns reddish-brown.

Planta Lindheimeriane. 19

135. Soranum Texense (n. sp.): perenne, inerme, to-
mento stellato incanum; caule (pedali) herbaceo erecto
ramoso ; foliis (2—4-unc.) petiolatis lanceolatis undulatis sinu-
ato-dentatis integerrimisve sparsis; racemis terminalibus ; pe-
dunculis flore longioribus fructiferis deflexis ; ‘ealyce 5-fido ;
corolla violacea extus ad carinas stellato-pubescente ; stamini-
bus zequalibus ; baccis flavis. — Road-sides, prairies, &c.,
Houston to the Brazos. June—September. (This is also
No. 200 of Drummond’s Third Texan Collection. We like-
wise have specimens from Dr. Wright.)

136. Puysatis pupescens? (P. maritima, M. A. Curtis,
MSS.) Coast of Galveston Island. April — November.

137. Hereestis Monnrersa, Humb. & Kunth. Wet places.
June, July.

138. Conopea muttiripa, Benth. in DC. prodr. & Torr.
& Gr. Fl. ined. (Capraria, Michz.) Brazos. July.

139. Bucunera ELoNnGATA, Swartz, Benth. 1. c. Gal-
veston to the Brazos. April, May, and again in July. Flow-
ers smaller than in B. Americana, the teeth of the calyx and
bracts less acuminate.

140. Herpestis nigrescens, Benth. Brazos, &c. August.

141. Gerarpia spicirLora, Engel. MSS. G. maritima
6 grandiflora, Benth. in DC. prodr. ined. Margin of brack-
ish ponds, Galveston Island.

142. Penrstemon Cosma, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil.
Soc. (n. ser.) V. p. 182. Ravines near Houston. May.

143. Scuretyaria Drummonpu, Benth. Lab. p. 441. On
soil composed of fragments of shells, on the coast of Galveston
Island. May. Apparently annual: stems 10 to 29 inches high.

144. S. carpiopnytia (n. sp.): puberula; caule erecto
(1-2-pedali) ramoso ; foliis omnibus petiolatis cordato-trian-
gularibus obtusiusculis caulinis, grosse crenatis, floralibus
gradatim minoribus integrioribusque lato-cordatis vel deltoideis, .
summis bracteiformibus ; floribus axillaribus oppositis ; corol-
lis pubescentibus calyce pedicello longiore plus triplo longiori-
bus.—Var. £. humilior, foliis omnibus parvulis. — Open woods,

20 Engelmann and Gray,

&c. near Houston. Flowering through the summer. Dr.
Engelmann has likewise collected the smaller variety at the
Hot Springs, in Arkansas. Fruiting specimens of this well-
marked species also exist in Drummond’s Texan Collection,
(No. 209, Coll: 3,) but we find no allusion to it in Bentham’s
fine Monograph of the Labiate. ‘The smaller forms might be
confounded with S. parvula, but even the floral leaves are
distinctly petioliate, broadly triangular-ovate, or cordate, and
more or less crenate-toothed ; all are shorter than the corolla,
which is three-fourths of an inch long; the uppermost scarcely
exceeding the calyx. The cauline leaves are from one to
nearly two inches in length, and considerably resembling those
of S. sazxatilis, Riddell: those of the elongated flower
branches scarcely half an inch long. Achenia strongly tuber-
culate. Root apparently annual.

145. Satvia azurea, Lam. Houston. May to September.

146. Hypris raprata, Willd. Houston. September.

147. Puysosteera Vireiniana, Benth., var. foluis ovalibus
oblongisve subdenticulatis. _(Dracocephalum variegatum,
Vent., Ell.) Wet prairies west of the Brazos. July.

148. P. Virerntana, var. foliis lanceolatis argute serratis.
Dry, sandy soil. Houston. September.

149, TricnostemMA DicHoromum, Linn. September.

150. Tevcrium Cupensr, Linn., Benth. Lab. P 668.
Galveston Island. April, May.

151. Monarpa Linpuerimert, (n. sp.): caule glabro super-
ne piloso subsimplici ; foliis ovatis acuminatis subcordatis
erosse serratis glabris glandulosis margine scabris, petiolis
brevibus basi pilosis; bracteis acuminatis integris capitulum
laxum subsequantibus ; calycibus glandulosis, dentibus subu-
latis diametrum tubi subequantibus, fauce villosa; corolla
glandulosa et villosa. — Prairies and margin of woods, in
clayey soil. April to June, and again in October. — According
to Mr. Bentham’s view, this would probably be deemed a
variety of M. clinopodia.

152. M. puncrara, Linn. Houston. July.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 21

153. M. aristars, Nutt. in Benth. Lab. p. 318, in
Mem. Amer. Phil. Soc. (n. ser.) V. p. 186. Prairies east of
the Brazos. June. .

154. Versena stricosa, Hook. Compan. to Bot. Mag.
I. p. 176. Roadsides, near Houston. April—July. Lower
leaves obovate and tapering into a winged petiole, doubly
incisely toothed ; the upper tri-multifid. The hispid pubes-
cence of the stem is not appressed. ‘The foliage, the more
slender spikes, and the much shorter fruit distinguish the
species readily from V. stricta.

155. V. spurta, var. caulibus erectis; bracteis brevioribus.
Dry prairies, Galveston, tothe Brazos. March to July.

156. Zapanra NopiFLOoRA, Lam. var. foliis lanceolato-cu-
neiformibus. Downs of Galveston Island. April.

157. Dipreracantuus (Pantcuartia, folia floralia in brac-
teas parvas reducta, ideo cyma trichotoma terminalis) nup1-
FLORUS (7. sp.): parce pilosus, demum glabratus; caule
erecto herbaceo ; foliis ovalibus ovato-oblongisve obtusis mar-
gine obsolete repandis basi in petiolum attenuatis; cymulis
trifloris in cymam laxam_ glanduloso-puberulam congestis ;
bracteis lineari-lanceolatis pedunculis multo brevioribus ; tubo
corollz apicem versus sensim dilatato calycis lacinias atten-
uato-subulatas duplo triplove longiore ; capsulis puberulis sub-
clavato-cylindraceis vel oblongis utrinque acutis 8—12-spermis
calycem equantibus.— Open woods at Sim’s Bayou, near
Houston. May to July. Also, in Drummond’s Texan Col-
lection, (Coll. 2, No. 221, and 3, No. 257.) Stems one to
two feet high, simple or branched from the base, slender,
pubescent when young, as well as the leaves and petioles,
with scattered hairs. Corolla two inches long. Anthers some-
what included; the lobes slightly mucronate at the base.
Stigma a simple lamella, with a mere rudiment of the second
lobe. —This well marked species differs from the rest of the
genus in its inconspicuous bracts, and naked, more explicate
inflorescence, which entitle it to the rank of a distinct sec-
tion.

22 Engelmann and Gray,
158. D. ciurosus, N. ab E. in Linn. XVI. p. 294. = Ru-

ellia ciliosa, Pursh. Open woods, Houston. June.

159. DianrHera HuMiLIs. In clear water. June.

160. Dicuiprera BRacHiaTA, Spreng. Shady woods,
Houston. June—September. Seeds hispid, with short,
minutely glochidiate bristles."

161. Urricunaria supuLata, Linn. Wet prairies of Gal-
veston Island. April.

162. Samotus eBractreatus, H. B. K. Sandy brackish
soil, Galveston. April. It is singular that this should have
been overlooked by Duby, in DC. Prodr., as a North Ameri-
can plant. It was recorded as such by Torrey in the report
on the plants collected in Major Long’s Expedition, and 1s not
uncommon along the coast from Florida to Texas. The
leaves in the Texan plant, as generally in our specimens, are
obovate or broadly spatulate, tapering into pretty long winged
petioles, which are decurrent on the stem.

163. Puanraco enapuHaorpes, Nutt. Galveston Island.

164. P. arnistata, Michx. Houston, &c. April.

165. Iresine cexostorpes, Linn. Houston. September.

166. OpLotHeca Frormana, Nutt. Prairies and open
woods in loose sandy soil, west of the Brazos. August.

167. Ertogonum toneirouium, Nutt., Benth. g Puianta-
cineuM : foliis brevioribus latioribusque. Dry prairies west of
the Brazos. July, August. The same form occurs in Drum-
mond’s Third Texan Collection, No. 352.

168. PotyGoneLLA ERICOIDES. == Gonopyrum America-
num, Fisch. & Meyer, in Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. (ser. 6.)
IV. p. 144. Prairies, west of San Felipe, on the Brazos.

1 Among Lindheimer’s plants a few specimens were received of the Ruellia
justicieflora, Hook. Comp. to Bot. Mag. I. p. 176, which has also been distributed
by Dr. Riddell, under the name of Eberlea. We refer it to the genus Hygrophila,
R. Br. To the character given by Hooker, for the most part excellent, we may add,
that the stem and leaves are somewhat fleshy, and that the upper lip of the corolla
is not entire, but 2-cleft. ‘The anthers of the shorter pair of stamens are smaller
than the others, but are polliniferous and 2-celled. The plant grows in wet
swamps, and flowers in the autumn.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 23

July. A low shrubby plant, 1-2 feet high, with the aspect of
a heath.’

1 This plant also occurs in Drummond’s Texan Collection (No. 19 & 348 of 3d
Coll.) ; from which source doubtless Fischer and Meyer obtained the specimens, upon
which they established the genus Gonopyrum. But their genus must be reduced to
Polygonella, from which it differs only in the hermaphrodite, instead of dioico-poly-
gamous flowers, a character which would be insufficient, even if constant, which it
probably is not. The filaments of Polygonella polygama (which are more correctly
described than figured by Ventenat) are not materially different from those of the
new Texan species. The generic character, &c. should properly stand as follows :

POLYGONELLA, Michr. (Trib. Rumiceez, Meyer.)

Polygonella and Gonopyrum, Meyer l. c. supr.

Flores dioico-polygami vel hermaphroditi. Perigonium pentaphyllum, petaloide-
um; phyllis seriei exterioris 2 immutatis fructif. reflexis, seriei interioris 3 erectis
planis post anthesin ampliatis conniventibus fructum triquetrum includentibus.
Stamina 8: filamenta dimorpha ; nermpe, tria phyllis perigonii interioribus opposita
inferne dilatata et sepe bidentata; cetera subulato-setacea. Styli 3: stigmata
capitata. Embryo in axi albuminis rectiusculus. — Fruticuli ramosissimi glabri, in
planitiebus aridissimis Amer. Bor.-Orient. calidioribus vigentes; ramis hornotinis
herbaceis foliosis ochreatis (ochreis brevibus nudis unidentatis) ; foliis crassiusculis
parvulis linearibus spathulatisve subsessilibus sparsis vel in axillis pl. m. fascicula-
tis; floribus (albis vel roseis) parvis spicato-racemosis ; rachi dense et appresse
imbricatim ochreato-bracteati quasi articulati ; pedicillis solitariis articulatis, fructi-
feris pendulis ; racemis sepius paniculatis.

1. P. polygama: foliis cuneato-linearibus spathulatisve ; floribus dioico-polygamis ;
sepalis ovalibus ad anthesin subequalibus ; filamentis tribus basi ovato-dilatatis vix
aut ne vix dentatis ; stylis brevissimis.— Polygamum polygamum, Vent. Hort.
Cels. t. 65; Ell. Sk. J. p. 458. Polygonella parvifolia, Michz.! Fl. IL. p. 240;
Nutt. Gen. I. p. 256 (sub Polygono) ; Meisn. Gen. Vasc. Comm. p. 228. ~Polygo-
num (Polygonella) gracile, Nutt. Gen. 1. c.?—In arenosis (sandy pine-barrens,)
Caroline ! Georgie! Floride (Barlram! Leavenworth!) et, fide Nutt., in Ar-
kansas.

2. P. ericoides: foliis linearibus vel anguste spathulato-linearibus fasciculatis ;
floribus (an semper?) hermaphroditis ; sepalis orbiculatis, interioribus subcordatis
exteriora virido-carinata ad anthesin superantibus; filamentis tribus basi valde.
bidentato-dilatatis quasi obcordatis; stylis longiusculis. — Gonopyrum Americanum,
Fisch. § Meyer, in Mem. Acad, St. Petersb. 1. c. supra. —In planitiebus aridis
Texas, Drummond ! Lindheimer ! Wright! Flores duplo majores quam in prece-
dente, ramis crassioribus, etc.

For the first species we have adopted the older specific name of Ventenat, in
place of that of Michaux, chiefly because it is the largest-leaved species of the
genus.

Polygonum articulatum, Linn., which is joined, by Nuttall and Meisner, to Poly-
gonella, with which, indeed, it nearly accords in habit (though an annual herb) and
inflorescence, has all the sepals uniform and erect in fruit, the three inner not at all
enlarged, and the embryo is lateral as in Polygonum.

24 Engelmann and Gray,

169. Srinuineia sytvatica, Linn. Prairies. April—June.

170. S. tieustrina, Michx. Thickets near water-courses,
Houston. May.— 'The staminate flowers are rather conspicu-
ously pedicillate, not brevissime pedicillatis, as described by
Michaux.

171. Prninopuyrum Linpuermert (n. sp.): annuus, stel-
lato-tomentosus ; caule (4—5-pedali) erecto ramoso ; _foliis
longe petiolatis e basi ovata subcordatave lanceolatis sepe
acutato-mucronatis, inferioribus denticulatis ; floribus foemineis
paucis ad basin spicee masculze ; staminibus sub-12 ; stigmati-
bus plerumque 12; seminibus vix compressis. — Dry prairies,
Houston to the Brazos. Also, Texas, Drummond, and West-
ern Louisiana, Leavenworth. A taller, more upright plant
than P. capitatum (Croton, Michz.,) with larger and less
canescent leaves; the lower 4—5 inches long, and gradually
acuminate to an usually sharp point, on petioles 3 inches long.
The spike in fruit is less capitate, and the seeds are smaller
and less compressed. Something like intermediate specimens
between this and the P. capitatum, which also grows in

A remaining species, the Polygonum fimbriatum of Elliott, which has been deemed
a near ally of Polygonum polygamum, may be taken as the type of a new genus,
viz.:

THYSANELLA, A. Gr.

Flores dioico-polygami. Perigonium pentaphyllum petaloideum ; phyllis omnibus
erectis margine scariosis et eroso-fimbriatis, duobus exterioribus cordato-sagittatis
post anthesin auctis, interioribus minoribus ovato-lanceolatis pectinato-fimbriatis.
Stamina 8: filamenta filiformia perigonium adequantia. Ovarium (infertile) trigo-
num: styli 3, filiformes; stigmatibus simplicibus. Fructus ...... Semen
Ete dade Caeat® with <ais — Herba ramosa, glabra, (bipedalis,) in arenosis Geor-
gie vigens, caulibus virgatis strictis ; foliis angusto-linearibus elongatis acutatis
striatulis sessilibus; ochreis truncatis setis capillaribus longissime barbatis; floribus
(incarnatis) racemoso-spicatis ; spicis solitariis vel geminis, paniculatis, dense
imbricatim ochreato-bracteatis ; ochreis oblique truncatis in acumen aristiforme
productis ; pedicellis in medio articulatis.

T. Fimpriata. = Polygonum fimbriatum, Ell. Sk. I. p. 588.

Elliott seems to have described from specimens with hermaphrodite flowers ; but
in mine (which were collected by Dr. Leavenworth either in Georgia or Florida) the
ovaries are apparently all sterile. The fruit and seed is, therefore, unknown to me,
and I am not certain that the outer sepals increase in size after flowering.

A. Gr.

Plante Lindheimeriane. on

Texas, render it doubtful, however, whether this plant is spe-
cifically different.

172. GetsELeRIA GLANDULOSA, Klotzsch, in Erichs. Ar-
chiv. I. (1841) p. 254. Dry woods, Houston. May, June.
The calyx of the sterile flowers is 5-parted, and the stamens
9 or 10.

173. Croton arcyrantHemum, Michx. Margin of woods,
Houston. April—June. The ovary is on an orbicular, not
5-glandular disk.

174. Evpnorsia Bicotor (7. sp.): annua; caule erecto
foliis bracteisque undique villosis seu pilosis ; foliis subsessili-
bus oblongo-lanceolatis vel lineari-oblongis cuspidatis basi ob-
tusis ; bracteis lineari-ligulatis elongatis basi attenuatis margine
membranaceis decolorato-albidis ; glandulis involucri villosi
margine petaloideis suborbiculatis ; capsulis dense lanatis ;
seminibus sparsim rugulosis. $ concoLor: marginibus deco-
loratis bractearum angustissimis aut subnullis; foliis latioribus.
Prairies near Houston. June—September. Also Texas,
Drummond. Arkansas, Beyrich,&c. A handsome species,
resembling E. marginata, but distinguished by the narrower
hairy leaves, much narrower bracts, «&c.

175. ApHora mercuriauina, Nutt. in Trans. Amer.
Phil. Soc. (N. Ser.) 5, p. 174. Serophyton pilosissimum,
Benth. Bot. Voy. Sulphur, p. 53. In denudated soil, dry
prairies, &c. Arkansas and Texas. May—July. Endlicher
having entirely overlooked this genus of Nuttall’s, Mr. Bentham
has lately characterized it anew under the name of Serophyton.
To his excellent character we have only to add, that the
plants are sometimes dicecious, or subdicecious, as, indeed, is
mentioned by Nuttall in the case of the original species.
What Nuttall takes for sterile filaments in the fertile flowers,
Bentham describes as petals, and so Nuttall’s name becomes
unmeaning, which, however, is no great objection. Mr.
Bentham’s Californian species must, therefore, bear the name
of Aphora lanceolata. His remaining Texan species, the
Aphora Drummondii, was also collected by Lindheimer, but

3

26 Engelmann and Gray,

not in sufficient abundance for distribution. It is a less hairy
plant. Under No. 306 we describe a fourth species, A. hu-
milis, which we also find in Drummond’s second collection,
No. 230. The leaves in A. mercurialina, as in A. Drum-
mondii, often turn purplish, in drying. In No. 322 of Drum-
mond’s third collection, the leaves are oblong-ovate, or ovate-
lanceolate, and often acute or acuminate, as in Lindheimer’s
specimens. In No. 263 of the second collection they are
mostly ovate-orbicular.

176. Traeta urticmrotia, Michx. Houston, &c. April.
T. betoniczfolia, Nutt. ?

177. Puytuanruus poLyconoivEs, Nutt. (Maschalanthus,
Nutt. = Phyllanthus proper, Linn., Juss., etc.) Grassy banks.
July.

178. Cyrposcotus stiuLosus. = Jatropha _ stimulosa,
Linn. Houston. July.

179. Urtica purpurascens, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil.
Soc. (N. Ser.) V. p. 169. Thickets, Galveston Island.

180. Quercus virens, Ait. Moist woods along the
coast.

181. Taxopium pisticnum, Rich. Houston, &c.

182. Sacirrarra stmpLex, Pursh.? Ponds in clayey soil,
near Houston. June—September. Our plant has rather
rigid linear-lanceolate leaves; the calyx as well as the ovate
acute bracts are a little pubescent; the fertile flowers are on
short, the sterile on rather long peduncles ; the stamens from
20 to 30; and the carpels in fruit are compressed, rostrate,
and falcate. Larger specimens, collected near the coast,
with broader leaves, &c. bear larger flowers, with 40 to 50
stamens.

183. S. srononirera (n. sp.): stolonibus radicantibus ;
foliis submersis lato-linearibus acutis, emersis lineari-lanceola-
tis 3—5-nerviis; scapo simplici; bracteis ovatis acutis vel
obtusiusculis brevibus; pedunculis subternatis omnibus elon-
gatis; staminibus 12-16; carpellis compressis oblique subor-
biculatis breviter mucronatis. — 8. graminea, Nutt. in Trans.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 27

Amer. Phil. Soc. l. c. p. 159. Ponds near Houston. Sep-
tember, &c.

184. Commetyna aneustirouia, Michx. Houston. May.

185. Xyris Carouiniana, Walt. 6? scaBra: scapo apice
magis ancipiti, aciebus subtilissime serrulato-scabris. X. sca-
bra, Engel. MSS. Prairies, west of the Brazos. July.

186. X. sunsosa, Kunth, enum. IV. p. 11, (ex descr.)
With the preceding. The North American species still need
thorough revision.

187. Hypoxis erecta, @. msTIvaLIs: scapo subunifloro
folia subeequante ; capsulis subglobosis, (ut in «.) In prairies
which have been burned over in spring. July.

188. H. erecta, y. teprocarpa (H. leptocarpa, Engel.
MSS.) : floribus minoribus; capsulis prismatico-oblongis el-
lipticisve ; seminibus in singulis loculis uniserialibus 4-6.
Sandy soil, along rivulets, June — August.

189. Eustytis purpurEeA. (Nemostylis ? purpurea, Herbert,
in Bot. Mag. sub. t. 3779.) Open woods and prairies, from
Houston to the Brazos. June, July. Also, Texas, Drum-
mond, and Western Louisiana, Dr. Hale. ‘The diagnostic
characters of this genus and Nemostylis are subjoined. Alo-
phia, Herb. differs, according to the character,! in having the
inner divisions of the much more unequal perigonium navicu-
late, and differently shaped from the outer, in the very short
filaments, &c., and in being’ tuberiferous instead of bul-
biferous.

NEMOSTYLIS, Nutt. Perigonium hexaphyllo-partitum,
conforme, patens, segmentis fere zequalibus, tubo nullo. Fila-
menta distincta, e basi lato subulata, antheris elongato-lineari-
bus (connectivo angusto) post anthesin spiraliter convolutis

1 The specimens of several of these Iridaceous plants, of very similar appearance
in the dried state, appear to have been somewhat confused in the distribution of
Drummond’s Texan Collection. Under No. 414 of the Third Collection, we have,
instead of Alophia, specimens of the Herbertia cerulea. Under No. 415, we have
Nemostylis acuta (geminifiora, Nuit. Ixia acuta, Barton,) as well as Gelasine
Yexana. In the latter the filaments are certainly monadelphous, and the style has
two or three short and simple lobes.

28 Engelmann and Gray,

multo breviora. Stylus brevis (filamenta adzequans,) tenuis,
apice trilobus ; lobis bipartitis, partitionibus in stigmata filifor-
mia radiatim productis.

EUSTYLIS. Perigonium hexaphyllo-partitum, conforme,
patens ; tubo nullo; segmentis obovatis planis, tribus interio-
ribus modice minoribus. Filamenta distincta, e basi lato
subulata, antheras subpanduriformes post anthesin immutatas
gequantia: connectivum latum basi apicemque versus preeser-
tim dilatatum, loculis marginalibus. Stylus elongatus (stamina
adzequans,) ad apicem infundibuliformis, trifidus ; lobis bifidis,
partitionibus in stigmata filiformia recurvia attenuatis.— Habi-
tus, bulbus, capsula, etc., omnino Nemostylis.

190. GymnapEentA NivEA. (Orchis nivea, Nutt.) Moist
prairies near Houston; April to June. The ovary remains
straight ; the labellum is therefore posterior. The outer lat-
eral divisions of the perianth are also produced at the base on
the upper side into a triangular blunt auricle, which is not
noticed in Nuttall’s description. The anther-cells are parallel
and approximated.

191. SprraNTHES VERNALIS (n. sp.): radice fasciculata ;
caule foliato ; foliis linearibus, superioribus sensim minoribus
vaginantibus lanceolato-subulatis ; sepalis petalisque basi co-
hzerentibus oblongo-linearibus, lateralibus angustioribus label-
lum reflexum crenulatum apice non dilatatum zequantibus vel
superantibus. — Moist prairies, Galveston and Houston ; April,
May. — Stem 1 to 2 feet high, slender ; lower leaves often 5 to »
6 inches long, 2 lines wide ; bracts ovate, acuminate. Flowers
much as in JS. cernua, from which it is distinguished by its
short lip, &c.

192. Tuaia pEALBATA, Fraser. Swamps on the Brazos;
September.— The seed appears to contain three embryos, of
which only the central one is fully developed.

193. Juncus neTerantuos, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil.
Soc. (N. Ser.) V. p. 153. Galveston Island. May.

194. Ponreperta LancirouiA, Muhl. July.

195. Smitax tancronata, Linn. Rich shady soil near

Plante Lindheimeriane. 29

water-courses. July. — Climbing to a great height. The rhi-
zoma bears tubers which are called “ Indian bread” in Texas.
Leaves varying from narrowly lanceolate to almost ovate.
Stem prickly below.

196. Coorprrts Drummonpi, Herbert. Dry prairies from
Galveston to the Brazos; flowering from June to November,
but mostly in July, and only after heavy rains.

197. Atetris aurea, Walt. Houston. April.

198. Scitua (Kamassa, sed perigonium regulare) ancusTA
(n. sp.) : gracilis ; foliis linearibus apice longe attenuato-seta-
ceis flaccidis scapo brevioribus ; bracteis e basi lanceolata
membranacea subulatis pedicellos erecto-patentes subzequanti-
bus ; alabastris oblongo-linearibus ; foliolis perigonii linearibus
obtusis stamina duplo superantibus. — Open woods and prai-
ries, in south-western Missouri and Arkansas, as well as Texas:
flowering from April to May in Texas, but from May to the
middle of June in Missouri and Arkansas, when JS. esculenta,
growing in the same region, has matured its seeds. The
present plant is more slender than JS. esculenta, with narrower
leaves, sepals, etc. ; but perhaps it is only a variety. — We are
slow to believe that the Oregon species belongs to a different
genus from the eastern.

199. Auuium muTaBiLe, Michx. Dry open woods, Houston.
April. ‘The capsule, in all our specimens, is one-seeded ; the
flowers usually rose-red, but sometimes white.

200. Ruppia maritima, Linn. Salt water ponds, Galves-
ton Island.

201. Cyperus vecetus, Linn. Wet prairies. May.

202. C. ovunaris, Torr. In dry and wet places. April
to June.

203. C. tetTraconus, Ell. Dry prairies near Houston.
May and June. Style 3-cleft.

204, Furrena uisprpa, Ell. Springy places west of the
Brazos. August.

205. Exeocnanris arentcoia, (Torr. MSS.) : culmis sub-
spithameis compressis sulcatis e rhizomate repente prelongo;

30 ; Engelmann and Gray,

spicis ovatis obtusis multifloris ; squamis rufescentibus mem-
branaceis obtusis margine scariosis; stylo trifido; achenio
obovato compresso triangulari opaco tuberculo distincto rostrato
acuto multum majore setas 6 tenues subexcedente. — Galves-
ton Island, May, creeping in the loose sand. (Also along the
southern coast of the United States.)

206. Scirpus tacustris, Linn. Galveston. May.’

207. SparTINa JUNCIFORMIs (”. sp.): humilis (1-2 peda-
lis) ; foliis convolutis angustis, caulinis paucis brevibus, radi-
calibus czespitosis culmum subequantibus ; spicis 8-10 oblongis
sessilibus ad rachin leviusculam adpressis ; carina glumarum
longitudine subequalium paleeeque inferioris ciliato-hispida.
Saline prairies near the coast. May.— Plant with the foliage
and much the aspect of S. juncea ; but with the spikes and
flowers different from that species, as well as from S. levi-
gata. A few specimens of a taller variety were collected in
July.

208. Ke@ierta truncata, Torr. Woods, Houston. May,

209. Untona cracitis, Michx. Variety with broad and
hairy leaves, the florets undeveloped. Houston. June.

210. Pantcum (OrTHopoGon) HiIRTELLUM, Michx. Hous-
ton. June.

211. Anpropocon avenaceus, Michx. Houston. Sept.

1 T wish to subjoin the character of a remarkable Scirpus, which has been discoy-
ered this season, near Providence, Rhode Island, by Mr. Olney (the author of a Cata-
lozue of Rhode Island Plants, 1845,) whose name | am desirous it should bear.

Scirpus Oxneyi (n. sp. A. Gr.): culmis triquetro-alatis 2-7-pedalibus aphyllis
basi vaginatis sub apice triangulari-subulate brevi capitulam sessilem, e spicis 6-12
ovato-oblongis, gerentibus ; squamis orbiculatis mucronatis; antheris apice barbula-
tis ; stylo bifido; setis 6 retrorsum hispidulis achenium obovatum plano-convexum
gibbosum apiculatum vix equantibus. — In a salt marsh on the Seekonk river, Rhode
Island, Mr. S. 7’. Olney. This species is most allied to S. pungens, Vahl, (S.
Americanus, Pers.) from which it is especially distinguished by its remarkably 3-
winged stem. The reéntering angles are so deep that the cross section presents the
appearance of three rays, or plates with parallel sides, joined at a common centre.
This species has just been detected on the coast of New Jersey by that very assidu-
ous botanist, Dr. Knieskern, from whose specimens I have added the characters of
the achenium; as the fruit has failed to ripen this year in the Rhode Island plant.

A. Gr,

Plante Lindheimeriane. 31

212. Leprocuioa mucronata, Kunth. August.

213. Poa (Eracrostis) capirata, Nutt. in Trans. Amer.
Phil. Soc. (N. Ser.) V. p. 147; the submasculine plant ; and

214. ‘The subfeminine plant of the same species, which has
the spikelets much less crowded. Sandy places in the Brazos
bottom. July.

COLLECTION SECOND, 1844.

Mr. Lindheimer’s Collection of 1844, was made between
the Brazos near San Felipe, and the Colorado River, in the
neighborhood of Cat Spring of Mill Creek, the settlement of
Industry, and thence westward towards the Colorado, and
along its bottom lands. ‘The prairies are partly of a light and
even sterile sandy soil, and partly of a stiff clayey soil. The
bottom lands consist of a stiff black soil. Near Industry, and
on the Colorado, rocks of a secondary sandstone (probably a
subcretaceous formation) appear, on which several species of
Cactus are found. In the prairies ant-hills are not uncom-
mon, and on old and deserted ones a rich harvest of peculiar
plants may be made. The numbers run on consecutively
from the end of the former year’s collection. Additional
specimens of the following plants of that collection, gathered
again in 1844, are distributed to subscribers (without being
reckoned) under their former numbers, namely: No. 7.
Cocculus Carolinus, DC., in fruit. — 8. Streptanthus hya-
cinthoides, Hook., with linear leaves; the flowers nodding,
the long siliques erect. — 18. Paronychia Drummondii ; hand-
some specimens, gathered in May, just coming into flower. —
24. Sida Lindheimeri, nob. ; specimens in finer state than
before. — 29. Rhynchosia minima. — 39. Dalea aurea. — 40.
Petalostemon obovatum. Root ligneous, perennial. The
spikes, which are an inch in diameter, are at length prolonged
to the length of six or eight inches. — 49. Acacia hirta, with
ripe pods. — 51. Acacia Farnesiana; on the Brazos, &c.
Undoubtedly indigenous, flowering in March. — 55. CEnothera

32 Engelmann and Gray,

speciosa. —60. Gaura sinuata. — 80. Gutierrezia Texana. —
83. Solidago leptocephala. —94. Echinacea angustifolia. —
96. Helianthus cucumerifolius. — 104. Gaillardia amblyodon.
— 107. Hymenopappus artemisiefolius ; with the leaves, as
usual, extremely variable ; some of them occasionally obovate-
lanceolate, and perfectly entire. — 110. Marshallia czepitosa ;
srowing in scattered plants on the dry prairies near the Mill
Creek. — 137. Herpestis cuneifolia, in fruit. — 138. Buchnera
Americana_@. parviflora, in flower. — 145. Salvia azurea. —
153. Monarda aristata, which in the inland parts of Texas
appears to take the place of M. punctata near the coast. —
161. Utricularia subulata. — 167. Eriogonum longifolium £.
plantagineum. — 169. Stillingia sylvatica, in fruit. — 174.
Euphorbia bicolor. — 175. Aphora mercurialina, in flower. —
184. Commelyna angustifolia. — 199. Allium mutabile. Shady
moist places on Mill Creek. April, May. Larger specimens
than those gathered in 1843, near Houston, 12 to 20 inches
high, the umbel not bulbiferous. Ovary with a crown of
three scales, which disappear as the capsule ripens, (in this
respect unlike A. stellatum and A. reticulatum,) 6—ovuled ;
the capsule 1—3-seeded. — 189. Eustylis purpurea: rather
common between the Brazos and the Colorado. April — Au-
sust.—198. Scilla angusta, nob. Dry prairies west of the
Brazos. April. é

215. Brasenta pELTATA, Pursh. Specimens in fine fruit,
gathered in July in clear rivulets between the Brazos and the
Colorado.

216. Drasa cunerroxia, Nutt. in Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. 108.
Dry grassy places, March.—In some specimens the silicles
are almost, if not quite, glabrous. D. micrantha, Nutt., which
differs only in the like respect from D. Caroliniana, is probably
therefore a mere variety of that species. '

217. VesIcaRIA AURICULATA (7. sp.): annua, caulibus de-
cumbentibus canescenti-hirsutis ; foliis sparsin1 pilosis, infimis
lyrato-pinnatifidis sinuato-dentatisve basi attenuatis, ceteris
ovato-lanceolatis basi cordato-auriculata sessilibus vel semi-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 33

amplexicaulibus repando-dentatis subintegrisve ; petalis obova-
to-spathulatis sepala pilosa colorata subduplo superantibus ;
filamentis e basi inflata abrupte subulatis ; antheris linearibus ;
ovarii loculis 3—4-ovulatis ; stylo cum stigmate globoso siliculis
Vix stipitatis globosis glabris breviore ; seminibus subsex mar-
ginatis. — Dry prairies near San Felipe. Feb. — March.

218. Nasrurtiom Tanacetiro.ium, Hook. & Arn. Sandy
bottoms. February and March.— Siliques sometimes spread-
ing or even reflexed: in other cases considerably incurved and
erect.

219. Sisymprium canescens, Nutt. A very canescent form.
April — May.

220. Poryeaua atBa, Nutt. (P. Beyrichii, Torr. & Gr.)
Prairies. April— May. Lower leaves sometimes obovate-
spatulate.

221. Hypericum macuuatoum, Walt., Torr. & Gr. Margin
of woods from Galveston to the Colorado. May.

222. Paronycura picuotoma, Nutt. Sandstone rocks near
Industry. Sept. — Oct.

223. Arenaria Pitcueri, Nutt. Prairies. March. Petals
emarginate.

224. Pretea TRirouaTA, 6. Motus, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I. p.
680. Along water-courses. Houston to the Colorado. April.

225. Adscutus Pavia, 8. piscotor, Torr. & Gr. Thickets
along the banks of Mill creek. March.

226. Sapinpus mareinatus, Willd. Popularly called
«“ Wild China-tree,” forming trunks about a foot in diameter,
in fertile woods. The specimens with ripe fruit were gath-
ered in August.

227. Ruamnus Carortinianus, Walt. Small trees forming
thickets in wet places on the prairie west of San Felipe; flow-
ering in May. With it there is a small-leaved variety, with
the flowers more crowded, &c.

228. R. vanceouatus, Pursh. Thickets. March.

229. Trerurosia onoprycHoipes, Nutt.; with short and
rusty pubescence, «&c., diflering somewhat from the variety
distributed under No. 32. West of San Felipe. May.

34 Engelmann and Gray,

230. AstracaLus caryocarpus, Ker. Prairies west of San
Felipe. April.

231. Lupinus suscarnosus, Hook. Prairies. April. Plant
5 to 15 inches high, branching from the base, with rather
smaller and paler flowers and more silky or woolly inflo-
rescence than the nearly related L. Texensis,—of which a
few specimens were intermixed in the collection.

232. Cassta Cuammcrista, var. cineEREA, Torr. & Gr.
Sandy places in woods along the Colorado, August. The
leaves bear setaceous glands between the 4 to 6 lower pairs
of leaflets; the gland below the lowest pair is stipitate ; and
the 5 alternate anthers are shorter.

233. Auearopia GLanpULosA, Torr. & Gr. FI. I. p. 399.
“This shrub, or small tree, about 10 feet high, with a stem
6-8 inches in diameter, either grows sparsely or forms thickets
in the low prairies. It is called musket-tree by the Texans.
It is first found as a low shrub on the San Bernardo prairie,
west of San Felipe, but becomes larger and more frequent
westwardly, giving a new character to the vegetation, as in the
musket-thickets on the Colorado, along the borders of which
several Cacti, hereafter enumerated, are abundantly met with.
It ripens its pods at the end of August.” Lindheitmer.—The
leaflets vary, often on the same specimen, from narrow linear
to oblong, and even broadly elliptical. Lindheimer’s speci-
mens are some of them in fine fruit, showing that the species
is totally distinct from A. dulcis, (of which Bentham con-
jectured it might perhaps be a variety,) and also ‘presenting
some peculiarities that call for more particular remark. The
mature legumes are from 5 to 7 inches long, raised on a stipe
which is often an inch in length: they are narrowly linear,
more or less curved or falcate, very slightly compressed,
strongly torose, and from 9 to 20-seeded : the epicarp is char-
taceo-membranaceous, and contains a considerable quantity of
sweet farinaceous pulp which surrounds the seeds, or rather
the coriaceous investment in which the seeds are singly con-
tained. For each seed is enclosed in a distinct and almost

Plante Lindheimerianea. 35

bony almond-shaped putamen, derived, we suppose, from the
endocarp or lining of the carpel, though, for the want of young
pods, we are unable to trace its formation. But in the ripe
legume, these several husks, which are perfectly closed, are
entirely unconnected with each other. ‘They are placed
obliquely in the pod, of which they occupy nearly the whole
breadth. The flattened, oval seeds (about 3 lines long) do
not fill the cavity. On examining an Algarobo pod from
South America (the fruit, as we presume, of A. dulcis,) we
find that the seeds are invested by a similar covering, only
that it is much thinner and paper-like, and apparently does not
separate spontaneously from the pulp. We have not seen the
fruit of Prosopis spicigera ; but we hope that this character
may help to sustain the genus Algarobia, which, after having
been separated from Prosopis by Mr. Bentham, has since, by
the same author, been again reduced toa section of that genus.
Our own species, however, would still have to be distinguished
subgenerically from the typical Algarobia thus. $ PLEop¥-
RENA. Legumen lineare, subteres, torosum, polyspermum ;
seminibus singulis in nucleo endocarpico coriaceo inter pulpam
nidulante clausis. —In a species of Srrompocarpa, collected
by Capt. Fremont, (the curious fruit of which should separate
it generically from Algarobia,) this papery lining is continuous,
or merely collapsed where the seeds are deficient.

234. Scuranxia aneusrata, Torr. & Gr. l.c. May —
August.

235. DesmantHus BracuyLosus, Benth. (Darlingtonia,
DC.) ; the var. glandulosa, Torr. & Gr. under Darlingtonia ;
— fruiting specimens, collected in July.

236. Prunus etanpuLosa, Hook.; Torr. & Gr. I. c.
* Low shrubs on sandy hills west of the Brazos, flowering in
February. Fruit yellowish-red, as large as a middle-sized cher-
ry.” Lindheimer. It is probably a Prunus, therefore, but
the half-grown fruit upon one of our specimens is juiceless,
and still clothed with the tomentum of the ovary.

237, P. cracixis (2. sp.); ramis subinermibus ; foliis lan-

36 Engelmann and Gray,

ceolato-oblongis vel ovato-lanceolatis utrinque acutis grosse
serratis (serraturis plerumque patentibus mucronulatis eglan-
dulosis) supra puberulis subtus cum petiolis brevibus eglandu-
losis tomentoso-pubescentibus ; stipulis setaceis glanduliferis
petiolum sequantibus; umbellulis 2-3-floris; pedicellis calyci-
busque (laciniis ovatis obtusiusculis) pubescentibus ; petalis
orbiculatis ; ovario glabro. — P. Chicasa 8? normalis, Torr. &
Gr. Fl. I. p. 467. Open post-oak woods west of the Brazos,
where it is called Post-Oak Plum. A low shrub, with leaves
only one to two inches long. Doubiless a distinct species,
which should stand between P. Chicasa and P. glandulosa.

238. CENOTHERA SERRULATA, 0. spInuLosA, Torr. & Gr. An
unusually large-flowered form ; the petals an inch in length.
Sandy, dry, or moist prairies. May — June.

239. Gaura Lonerrtora (Spach): elata, pilis brevibus
undique canescenti-puberula; caule erecto paniculato-ramo-
sissimo ; foliis lanceolatis lineari-lanceolatisve utrinque angusta-
tis mucronato-acuminatis, sparsim repando-denticulatis, rameis
multo minoribus linearibus integerrimis; spicis ramosis laxi-
floris; bracteis linearibus deciduis; calycis segmentis tubum
plerumque superantibus ; petalis spathulatis longe unguiculatis
calyce et staminibus brevioribus ; nuce sessili ovata canescente
4-carinata nervis 4 intermediis leviter notata. —G. exaltata,
Engel. MSS. G. biennis, @. Pitcheri, Torr. & Gr. Fl. I.
p. 517. — Prairies at the margin of woods between the Brazos
and the Colorado, &c., where it often exclusively covers large
spaces of ground; flowering in August and September. Plant
taller and much more branching than G. biennis (6-9 feet
high) with narrower leaves, smaller flowers (the petals turn-
ing from white to reddish,) and much smaller and, when ripe,
rounder fruit. The G. filipes, ¢. major, Torr. & Gr. Ll. c., 1s
confused with this species. Spach described from an imper-
fect specimen collected in Louisiana, by Drummond. The
specific name has no particular applicability.

240. G. Drummonni, Torr. & Gr. l.c. Dry banks and
road sides. Canescently pubescent; the leaves often sinuate-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 37

toothed, calyx-segments longer than the tube. Petals deep
red in the dried specimens.

241. G. parvirtora, Dougl. Sandy prairies, &c. July
— August. Ovaries and fruit clothed with a close, soft
pubescence.

242. SreNosIPHON vireaTus, Spach. High prairies on the
Colorado, and on rocky soil.

243. Jussima occrpenTauis, Nutt. Along rivulets. July.
Petals obcordate.

244. Opuntia rraciiis, Nuit., var. rRuTEscens. (O. fru-
tescens, Engel. MSS.) Near the Musket-thickets, (vide No.
233,) on the Colorado ; often acquiring the height of four or
five feet, with a branching ligneous stem, covered with light
gray bark, and sometimes with lichens. It bears bunches of
small capillary spines, with one larger one (4—5 lines long ;)
these disappear from the older stems. The wood is hard and
close-grained. ‘The younger branches are green and terete,
(or angular when withered,) and bear the ultimate articula-
tions, which are about an inch long, and very easily break off.
These bear when young, like other Opuntie, short terete
subulate leaves, with a single spine in their axils, and above
this a bunch of small ones. The specimens are not in flower,
but are covered with the obovate umbilicate scarlet fruits,
which are about eight lines long, fleshy, but not juicy, and
contain very few (2-5) white, compressed seeds. What is
most remarkable, these fruits are often proliferous, and bear
from one to four or five new branches from the upper
bunches of spines. The fruit either falls off with these
branches, or else dries up, persists and finally forms part of
the stem.’

1 Though unable to institute a proper comparison, I have little doubt that this is
O. fragilis of Nuttall, attaining a fuller growth in that warm region than on the
Missouri. The following species, collected in the same localities by Lindheimer,
though not in sufficient quantity for distribution, have been studied ina living and
(most of them) in a flowering state, by Dr. Engelmann, whose account of them is
here appended. Unfortunately, neither Dr. Engelmann nor myself have access to

38 Engelmann and Gray,

245. Sepum sparsirLorum, Nutt. Naked places in the
San Bernardo prairie, between the Brazos and the Colorado.
April — May.

any adequate or authentic collection of Cacti, so as to institute the proper com-
parisons. A. Gr.

“ Mr. Lindheimer has sent seven other Cacti, mostly in living specimens, namely :

1. Opuntia, sp. without fruit or flower, probably O. vulgaris. It attains the
height of several feet, with large obovate joints, and a few spines.

2. O. Missourtensis? Perhaps O. vulgaris, but very spiny.

3. MAMMILARIA SIMILIS (n. sp.): cespitosa; axillis tuberculorum juniorum
paulo tomentosis demum glabris; tuberculis ovatis supra leviter sulcatis (sulco
basin versus subtomentoso) apice spiniferis; spinis (circ. 12) equalibus rectis
radiantibus albidis, junioribus puberulis basique tomento circumdatis; baccis
sparsis globosis coccineis. — Sandstone rocks, near Industry. Evidently near M.
simplex, at least to Nuttall’s plant of that name, but cespitose, forming tufts often a
foot in diameter. Flowers not seen. Berries scarlet, of the size of a large pea.
Seeds numerous, subglobose, scrobiculate, black, with an elongated white hilum.
I have living plants, but they have not yet flowered.

4, M. sutcaTa (n. sp.): cespitosa; tuberculis ovato-oblongis sulco subinde
apicem versus prolifero superne exaratis apice spiniferis ; spinis rectis radiantibus
cinereis e tomento albido deciduo (in plantis adultis spina centralis subrecurva

jore) ortis; floribus centralibus fasciculatis e tomento ortis glaberrimis, tubo
brevi; sepalis lanceolatis acuminatis viridi-flavescentibus margine integerrimis ;
petalis longioribus lanceolatis apicem versus ciliato erosis cuspidatis sordide flavis
ad basin intus filamentisque brevibus rubicundis; stylo supra stamina exserto;
stigmatibus 7-10 flavis; baccis oblongis virescentibus.— With the preceding.
Flowers opening for two or three days, in direct sunshine, two inches or more in
diameter. On account of the central flowers, this should form, with M. vivipara, a
distinct section. From that species itabundantly differs, not only in the color of the
flower and the spines, but in the entire and smooth sepals, denticulate petals, &c.
[This pretty species has also flowered in the Cambridge Botanic Garden. ]

5. EcHINocacTUS SETISPINUS (n. sp.): subglobosus, apice retusus; costis ple-
rumque 13 acutis subobliquis; aculeis 15-18 fasciculatis tenuibus flexuosis flavi-
canti-fuscis, superioribus 3-5 elongatis, 1-3 centralibus longissimis erectis, ceteris
radiantibus; floribus mawetis solitariis e macula subtomentosa supra fasciculos
aculeorum ortis ; sepalis in tubum concretis, apicibus liberis late ovatis acuminatis
scariosis margine fimbriatis; fructibus . . . . .3; seminibus ovatis nigris
opacis minutim tuberculatis. — Musket-thickets, on the Colorado River. Near
E. tenuispinus, Link g- Olto, from Brazil. Our specimens are about two inches
in diameter, and an inch and a half high, with pretty sharp ribs separated by
deep grooves. The longest spines are fifteen lines long. Flowgrs about =fwe-
lines-long. “i y ' /- Bye be Jee

6. E. Lrspnermertr (n. sp.): hemispherico-depressus, vertice tomentoso ; costis
21 verticalibus acutis subundulatis; spinis e cicatrice ovato-lanceolata tomentosa
ortis fasciculatis compressis cinereo-rubellis transversim annulato-striatis, exteriori-
bus 6-7 inequalibus radiantibus subrectis centrali recurvata multo brevioribus;
floribus e vertice depresso tomentoso ex axillis fasciculorum spinarum hornotinorum
provenientibus confertissimis; sepalis (80-100) in tubum brevem infundibulifor-
mem lanosum coalitis lanceolatis spinoso-aristatis, interioribus margine fimbriatis ;

Plante Lindheimeriane. 39

346. Gatium vireatum, Nutt. Prairies. April.

247. Diopia rricocca, Torr. & Gr. Fl. If. p. 30. Fertile
places in the prairie, sixteen miles west of San Felipe. (Also
collected by Dr. Wright.) June. Cespitose, depressed, and
very much branched. All the specimens examined are tri-
carpellary.

248. Spicevia Texana, A. DC. Prodr. 1X. p. 5. (Ceelos-
tylis, Torr. & Gr.) Shady woods along the Mill-creek west
of San Felipe. July.

249. Aster Drummonnu, Lindl. Shady, moist woods
and thickets. September— October. This species exhibits
many varieties, in respect to pubescence, and smoothness or
roughness. Among them the A. urophyllus and A. hirtellus
of Lindley, are probably to be identified.

250. Cumropappa asterowwes, DC. Dry prairies. April
to July.

petalis (40-50) lineari-oblongis margine fimbriato-laceris apice bifidis aristatis ;
staminibus numerosissimis equalibus inclusis e toto tubo ortis stylo compresso
brevioribus ; stigmate irregulariter 14-17-fido.—On deserted ant-hills, near the
Colorado River. Oftena foot in diameter: our specimens are eight or nine inches
in diameter, and four or five inches high. Spines strongly annulate, stout, the
larger ones often two inches long. Flowers about two inches in length, twelve or
more aggregated in the woolly centre. The petals at the base are scarlet, verging
to orange, from which a pale purple or violet midrib extends to the apex, and is pro-
longed into a delicate bristle of the same color, while the upper part of the petal is
pearly white, with feathery margins. The flowers remain for three days, expanding
only in bright sunshine.

7. Cereus caHspitosus (n. sp.): ovato-glubosus demum cylindricus, apice de-
presso-umbilicatus ; costis sub-15 e tuberculis confluentibus ortis rectis; aculeis
numerosis ex areola oblonga albo-tomentosa demum glabrata radiatis nunc recurvis,
lateralibus longioribus ; floribus ex axillis tuberculorum anni prioris lateralibus ; ova-
tio oblongo tuberculis e lana villosa spinigeris stipato; sepalis 40-50 apice spinis
setiformibus villoque coronatis virescentibus, intimis lanceolatis acuminato-aristatis
glabris coloratis ; petalis 30-40 apicem versus ciliato-denticulatis, exterioribus subito
acuminatis, interioribus obtusis cuspidatis ; staminibus inclusis stylo brevioribus ;
stigmate viridi infundibuliformi 13-partito.— Gravelly soil, near Cat-Spring, west
of San Felipe. A singular reduced Cereus, quite cespitose, and even proliferous
occasionally, in the manner of Opuntia, beginning to flower when only two inches
high, and scarcely taller than broad, but attaining the height of at least six inches ;
the ribs from twelve to seventeen. It is in flower for two days; the flowers about
two inches broad when fully expanded. Petals rose-purple. Filaments reddish at
the base, yellow at the summit.” ENGEL.

40 Engelmann and Gray,

251. Bevuis inteEGRiroLia, Michx. A form with smaller
heads and fewer rays than usual. Prairies. April — May.

252. Sotmaco aneustirouia, Ell., Torr. & Gr.l.c. Wet
prairies (and even on dry soil) and banks of rivulets, very
remote from salt water. June — August.

253. Isopaprus pivaricatus, Torr. & Gr. Fl. Il. p. 239.
Light sandy soil. August — September.

254. I. Hooxertanus, Torr. & Gr.l.c. Sandy prairies
and on sandstone rocks on the Colorado. September. The
specimens vary from six inches to two feet high; some are
simple, others much branched from the base. The rigid
leaves are narrowly spatulate-lanceolate ; the heads pretty
numerous, on short erect peduncles.

255. GrinpDELIA mnuLOIDES, Willd. Prairies west of San
Felipe. July — August. Stem five to six feet high, branch-
ing only above.

256. Cauymmanpra canpipa, Torr. & Gr. 1. c. Open
woods west of the Brazos. - April — May.’ |

257. Sitpuium scaBerrimum, Ell. Woods near Industry.
May — July.

258. Hatea Lupovicrana, Tort. & Gr. Fl. Il. p. 304.
Sandy post-oak woods, west of the Brazos. May — August.
— Lowest leaves rhombic-ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, acute or
acuminate, abruptly contracted into winged petioles, nearly
as long as the blades, which are somewhat connate at the
base. Exterior involucre with four rather strongly marked
salient angles at the junction of the scales, whitish-tomentose
inside.

259. Heiianruus LenTIcuLARIS, Dougl. _Low woods and
wet prairies. July— August. In rich bottom woods it often
attains the height of ten or twelve feet, with the lower leaves
six to eight inches broad. Flowers two anda half to three
and a half inches in diameter ; achenia oval, thicker than is
usual in the genus.

1 PrerocAvuLon vircatum, DC. A few specimens of what appears to be this
West Indian species, were gathered near Houston, in open pine woods. September.

Plante Lindheimeriane. Al

260. H. Maxinrant, Schrad. Prairies, margin of woods
and deserted fields; common from Houston to the Colorado,
flowering in October and November. Stems four to seven
feet high, much branched. Well distinguished by the great
and equable cinereous roughness of the stem, and of both
surfaces of the lanceolate attenuate-acuminate leaves. It
becomes, however, much less rough in cultivation.

261. H. Maxiiniani, 6 asperrimus. A variety of the
last, as we take it to be, with a simple stem, two to three and >
and a half feet high, bearing solitary or few heads. Prairies
between the Brazos and the Colorado, forming large patches.
October.

262. H. erosse-serratus, Martens: the same form, with
the large leaves silvery-tomentose beneath, which was col-
lected in Texas by Drummond, and which, as it best deserves
the specific name, is assumed in Torr. & Gr. Fl. l. c. as the
type of this variable species. Banks of rivulets and margin of
woods. August — October.

263. H. crosse-serratus, 8 Torr. & Gr. Fl. lic. A
less canescent variety, with the stem, although somewhat
glaucous, slightly scabrous throughout. Prairies, &c., with
H. Maximiliani. ;

264. Cosmipium rFitirouium, Torr. & Gr. Fl. Il. p. 350.
Prairies west of the Brazos. May—June. This is really a
perennial, and proves quite ornamental in cultivation. It
extends as far north as the south-western borders of Missouri.

265. Dysop1a raceroiwes, Torr. & Gr. FIII. p. 361. Wet
prairies, and on sandstone hills of Mill-creek. August. This
is also a perennial. ‘The dots of the leaves are orange-yellow.

266. Pararoxia Hooxertana, Torr. & Gr. l. c. Sandy
post-oak woods, near Industry. August. We have it in cul-
tivation, from Lindheimer’s seeds. ‘The flowers are rose-color
or deep flesh-color, and about two inches in diameter; the
rays large and conspicuous, but often irregular, and some of
them palmate.

267. Actinetia Linearirouia, Torr. & Gr. Ll. c. De-

4

42 Engelmann and Gray,

clivity of sandstone hills near Industry. May—June. Rays
yellow, turning white when fading.

268 & 269. Senecio amputuacevs, (Hook.): annuus vel
biennis; caule erecto fistuloso striato superne ramoso ; foliis
inferioribus obovato-spathulatis in petiolum decurrentibus,
superioribus ovato-lanceolatis acutis basi subcordata semiam-
plexicaulibus, omnibus subintegris vel denticulatis; cyma co-
rymbosa ; pedicellis apice demum incrassatis ; involucro squa-
Mis setaceis paucis calyculato; radiis 7-9; acheniis strigoso-
canescentibus.

Var. « GLaBerrimus (No. 268): caule foliisque angusti-
ortbus subintegerrimis glabris. Wet prairies.

Var. 8 FLoccosus (No. 269): caule foliisque junioribus
latioribus cano-floccosis; superioribus e basi latiore acumina-
tis, nunc grosse repando-dentatis. — Sandy prairies in loose,
dry soil. April. Both forms are certainly annual or biennial.

270. Lycopesmia apHyLua, 8 Texana, Torr. & Gr. FI.
Il. p. 485. Prairies. June—July. Roots penetrating deep
into the soil. Some of the radical leaves are runcinate-pinna-
tifid, with subulate lobes.

271. Pyrruoparpus GRANDIFLORUS, Nutt. Prairies, near
San Felipe. April. Perennial; the slender perpendicular
root enlarging, at the depth of a few inches, into an oblong
tuber, similar to the root of Cynthia Dandelion. Scapes
several from one root, with or without a bract in the middle.

272. Ascuepias (Orarta) LinpHEIMERI (7. sp.) : caudice
perpendiculari incrassata caulem herbaceum pubescentem
singulum erectum (vel plures adscendentes) emittente ; foliis
oppositis ovatis obtusis (aut rarius lanceolatis) basi nune sub-
cordatis breviter petiolatis utrinque puberulis; pedunculis
brevissimis lateralibus ; pedicellis gracilibus pubescentibus
corollz laciniis acutiusculis subduplo longioribus ; cucullis ad
apicem sensim dilatatis subtrilobatis; processu bifurco, ramo
altero brevi incluso recto, altero longiore incurvo exserto;
folliculis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis puberulis carina exteriore
setulis mollibus pl. m. conspersis. — Black, clayey soil, near

Plante Lindheimeriane. 43

Industry. June — August. Also, in Drummond’s Texan
Collection. Stems six to sixteen inches high, from a very
thick perpendicular root. Leaves mostly broadly oval, and
obtuse. Flowers large and greenish: calyx pubescent, one-
third the length of the corolla. Follicles ovate-lanceolate, and
with a long acumination, ‘‘ 8-angled, the angles often some-
what tuberculated ; the outer one furnished with soft spines,
or a dentated crest.” Lindheimer. ‘This species is nearly
allied to A. longicornu, Benth., which we find has a similar
gynostegium, only a little more decidedly 3-lobed at the apex,
as well as a bifurcated horn, both lobes of which are shorter
than in our species. There is also a bifurcated horn in
A. obtusifolia.

273. GONOLOBUS CYNANCHOIDES (7. sp.): caulibus pluribus
e radice subtuberoso debilibus basi ramosis adscendentibus
pilosis ; ramis teretibus ; foliis inferioribus late ovatis, summis
lanceolato-ovatis, omnibus basi cordatis breviter petiolatis sub-
tus presertim pubescentibus acutiusculis vel acutatis; pedun-
culis subnullis vel brevissimis bifloris; pedicellis basi subulato-
bracteolatis petiolo sublongioribus ; corollz rotati-campanulate
lobis ovatis obtusis intus glaberrimis (extus parce pilosis)
calycis segmenta ovato-oblonga acuta pilosa excedentibus ;
corona staminea cyathiformi gynostegii basin cingente 5-loba,
lobis rotundatis crassiusculis margine tenuiori cinctis, supra
processu lineari scaphoideo arcuato instructis ; folliculis ovoi-
deis utrinque attenuatis coriaceis muricatis pubescentibus ;
seminibus (rufis) orbiculatis marginatis comosis. — Sandy soil,
in open woods, near Industry. April—June. (Also, No. 190
and 203 of Drummond’s second, and 237 of the third Texan
collection.) Stems 6 to 15 inches high, diffuse ; leaves 1-2
inches long, cordate, with an open sinus, the uppermost some-
times almost truncate at the base. Corolla greenish purple,
about two lines in diameter. The fleshy lobes of the cup-
shaped corone are furnished in the middle with a small pro-
cess, which is connected at the base with the mid-nerve of
the anther, and is free and incurved at the obtuse point, the

di Engelmann and Gray,

upper surface of which is excavated. ‘The membranaceous
cusps of the anther are triangular acute, and partly cover the
very obtusely 5-angular and somewhat convex stigma. The
small horizontal pollen-masses are oblong, slightly curved, and
scarcely attenuated at the exterior (attached) end. — From
the description, there can be little doubt that this plant is a
congener of Chthamalia biflora, and C. pubiflora, Decaisne,
in DC. prodr., from which it differs in the glabrous corolla,
etc. ; but surely it cannot be separated from Gonolobus, as that
genus is left by Decaisne. The corona of Gonolobus, charac-
terized as “ annuliformis undulato-lobata, lobis integris prom-
inentibus,”’ exhibits great diversities in the admitted species,
from the proper annular and 5-lobed crown of G. levis, to
the campanulate one, with 10 long subulate and 5 short trian-
gular teeth, of G. macrophyllus and G. hirsutus.

274. Evsroma Russeuuianum, Don, Griseb. Clayey, wet
prairies. July — August.

275. Puitox Drummonpit, Hook. Sandy soil, near water
courses.

276. Convotvutus (Sryuisma) Picxerineu, Torr. Dry,
sandy prairies. May — July. — Specifically distinct, we sus-
pect, from the C. tenellus, Zam. to which Choisy joins it.’

277. Cuscuta cuspipata $8. Vide No. 125, supra. Bot-
tom lands of the Colorado River. August.

278. LirHosPERMUM BREVIFLORUM (n. sp.): caulibus soli-
tariis, vel plurimis e radice nigro-purpurea fusiformi erectis
apice ramosis, foliisque linearibus lineari-lanceolatisve margine
revolutis utrinque strigoso-canescentibus ; floribus subpedicel-
latis; corolla calycis lacinias lineares strigosas vix equante
fauce exannulata, lobis erectis (an semper?) minutissime
crenulatis; nucibus albidis nitidis ovatis acutis, intus acute

1 The collection also comprises a few specimens of Convolvulus hastatus, Nuit.
in Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (n. ser.), V. p. 174: which name, being several times pre-
occupied, we propose for it the name of C. topsarus. Sandstone rocks, near Industry-
May, June. Stems prostrate, 8-4 feet long. Flowers rather small, white. Dr,
Wright has also sent it from the Colorado.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 45

carinatis et impresso-punctatis. — L. Mandanense, Torr. in
Nicollet, Rep. p. 155, non Hook. — Clayey prairies, near In-
dustry. April, May. A foot high. Leaves rather scabrous
above, almost exactly like those of L. longiflorum (L. incisum,
Lehm.) ; the radical somewhat oblanceolate. Lobes of the
corolla hirsute on the outside. Except the flowers, the plant has
wholly the aspect of L. longiflorum ; but the corolla is shorter
than in L. Mandanense, and entirely destitute of the append-
ages in the throat, unless their rudiments may be obscurely
discerned in the sinuses, not opposite the lobes of the corolla.

279. Evroca sTrictTiIFLora (n. sp.) : cinereo-hirsuta ; cau-
libus plurimis simplicibus e radice annua adscendentibus ; fo-
liis pinnatifidis lanceolato-oblongis (seu primordialibus integris
obovatis), inferioribus in petiolum attenuatis lobis brevibus
obtusis, superioribus sessilibus lobis lanceolatis acutiuscullis ;
racemis terminalibus multifloris elongatis arcte secundis, fructi-
feris strictis ; calycis lacintis spathulato-linearibus, fructiferis
erectis auctis pedicello appresso parum longioribus ; corolla
late campanulata calyce sesquilongioribus, tubo obscure 10-
squamigero ; filamentis pilosiusculis inclusis; ovario 14—20-
ovulato ; capsula plerumque 12-sperma.— Sandy soil on the
banks of the Brazos near San Felipe. March. A span high ;
the whole plant almost hoary with a hirsute pubescence.
Radical leaves with about 5, the upper cauline with 2 or 3
pairs of lobes. ‘The erect calyx-segments as well as the pedi-
cels give the crowded racemes in fruit a very stiff and strict
appearance. Corolla apparently blue, a little hairy externally ;
the margin very obscurely erose-crenulate ; the tube furnished
at the base with 5 pairs of linear and narrow appendages
which are adherent by the whole margin, so as to form 5 rather
inconspicuous grooves which alternate with the stamens. The
corolla is almost an inch in diameter in Lindheimer’s speci-
mens. ‘lhe same species occurs in Drummond’s Collection
(3. No. 298) apparently with smaller flowers.

280. E. parutirtora (n. sp.): pubescens, subcinerea ;
caulibus e radice annua diffusis ramosis; foliis spathulato-

46 Engelmann and Gray,

oblongis obovatisve membranaceis pinnatifido-dentatis vel in-
cisis basi angustatis sessilibus vel infimis petiolatis, dentibus
subovatis obtusis ; racemis terminalibus simplicibus secundis ;
calycis laciniis oblongis, fructiferis subspathulatis patulis pedi-
cello filiformi patente seu reflexo multum brevioribus ; corolla
late campanulata calycem parum excedentibus, tubo obscure
10-squamigero ; filamentis pilosiusculis inclusis ; ovario 14—16-
ovulato ; capsula circiter 12-sperma.— Woods near San Fe-
lipe. March—April. Stems 6 to 12 inches long, often de-
cumbent. Whole plant with somewhat the habit of Eutoca
viscida, but not glandular. Leaves 1 to 2 inches long. Ra-
cemes lax; the spreading pedicels an inch long in fruit.
Corolla much smaller than in the foregoing species, deep blue,
yellow at the base ; the margin of the lobes somewhat erose ;
the 5 pairs of very small squamellz also as in E. strictiflora.
— We can discern the obscure rudiments of the tubal ap-
pendages in the corolla of Eutoca viscida. In E. hirsuta
(Phacelia, Nutt.) No. 134 of this collection, they are very
narrow but are distinctly visible under the microscope ; as
also in the nearly allied E. parviflora. Hence we should
have no hesitation in restoring the genus Cosmanthus of
Nolte and Alph. DC. to Eutoca and Phacelia.’

281. Sonanum mammosum, Linn.?? Road-sides in prairies
between the Brazos and the Colorado. June. A stout
branching perennial, with broader, more canescent and lobed
leaves than SS. Carolinense.

282. Penrstemon Murrayanum, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3472.
Dry sandy soil in open woods west of the Brazos. May —
June. The splendid flame-colored flowers, with a scarlet bor-
der, form a pleasing contrast with the bluish glaucous leaves.
Pedicels erect, the flowers horizontal.

283. GraTioLa spHmRocARPA, Ell. Along ponds and riv-

1 Euroca GLAsrA = Phacelia glabra, Nuit. l.c. Of this a very few specimens
were collected by Lindheimer. Fine specimens in fruit exist in Drummond’s Texan
Coll. 111. No. 302. The capsule is about 6-seeded. The calyx-segments in fruit
become ovate-lanceolate or oblong.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 47

ulets, flowering from February to April, and also through the
summer.

284. Castimiesa inpivisa (Engel. MSS.) : “ piloso-hispi-
da ; foliis integris lineari-lanceolatis acutis basi pleraque rotun-
datis, floralibus apice ovato- vel obovato-dilatatis coloratis ;
spica demum elongata ; calycis lobis late obovatis apice colora-
tis truncatis retusisve corolla paulo vel vix longioribus. — Valde
affinis quoad flores C. coccinee, et quoad folia,C. lithospermi-
folie, ab illa imprimis foliis indivisis, ab hac statura sepius
elatiore differt, foliis acutioribus et capsulis majoribus.”
Benth. in DC. prodr. ined.— Prairies from Houston to the
Colorado: March to June. Also collected by Drummond and
~ Berlandier.

285. Hepeoma Drummonpu, Benth.: but the verticillastri
are only about 3-flowered, and the corolla is long and much
exserted. Yet it is certainly the same species as Nos. 276
and 278 of Drummond’s Third Texan Collection. — Sandstone
rocks near Industry. July. The whole plant has the taste
and odor of lemon-peel.

The two following Labiate plants, upon which Dr. Engel-
mann proposes to establish two new genera, viz., No. 286.
Stachyastrum (so called from the resemblance of the plant to
Stachys in habit) ; and 287. Brazoria (from the habitat on
the river Brazos,) we think may, notwithstanding minor dif-
ferences, be properly associated in a single genus, which will
be well distinguished from Physostegia by the inflated bilabiate
calyx which becomes closed in fruit by the inflexion of the
lower lip. The genus should perhaps be referred to the tribe
Scutellarinee rather than Stachydez. It may be thus charac-
terized.

BRAZORIA, Gen. nov.
Calyx late campanulatus, bilabiatus (labio superiore breviter
3-lobo, inferiore 2-lobo) per anthesin inflatus, post anthesin e

surrectione labii inferioris clausus, indistincte nervosus, reticu-
lato-venosus. Corolla tubo longe exserto, fauce inflata ; limbi

48 Engelmann and Gray,

bilabiati labio superiore erecto subgaleato breviter bilobo vel
integro, inferiore profunde trifido, lobis rotundatis patentibus
seu recurvis. Stamina 4, sub labio superiore adscendentia :
filamenta supra medium corollz adnata, ubi pilosa, inferioribus
eminentibus: anther approximate ; loculis distinctis divari-
cantibus ad rimam pl. m. ciliatis. Stylus glaber apice zquali-
ter bifidus, lobis subulatis. Achenia sicca.— Herbe annue,
Texane, facie -: et inflorescentia Physostegiz. Corolla
incarnata, fauce Juteola.

§ 1. Eusrazoria. Calycis lobi latissimi, truncati, subzequa-
les, mucronato-denticulati: corolla majuscula tubo prope basin
piloso-annulato ; fauce infra labium inferiorem intrusa quodam-
modo palatum efficiente ; lobis omnibus eroso-crenulatis, iisdem
labii inferioris zequalibus, apice bilobis: achenia triangulata,
pubera.

286. Brazoria TRUNcaTA = Physostegia truncata, Benth.
Lab. p. 505; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3494.— Sandy soil on de-
serted ant-hills, &c., in the prairies along the Brazos: May —
June. It was first collected by Drummond (No. 274 of the
Third Collection) ; and has since been gathered on the Colo-
rado by Dr. Wright. Stem pubescent, scarcely a foot high.
Spike dense. Calyx hairy at the base, especially after flower-
ing. Flowers nearly as large as in Physostegia Virginiana :
the tube of the corolla spotted with purple. The lobes of the
lower lip of the calyx are usually merely mucronulate in the
middle ; those of the upper are erose-denticulate with mucro-
nulate teeth. In fruit the achenia are contained in a gibbous
cavity belonging to the upper side of the calyx: this is closed
by the inflexion of the lower lip, which is appressed to the
face of the upper, or partly wrapped around it; so that the
fructiferous calyx is flat on the lower side, and very gibbous at
the base of the upper side.

§ 2. Sracuyastrum. Calycis sub-7-nervis labium superius
latum, lobis rotundatis; inferius angustum, lobis triangu-
lari-lanceolatis, omnibus cuspidato-mucronatis: corolla exan-
nulata, parvula ; lobo medio labii inferioris ceteris majore,

Plante Lindheimeriane. 49

retuso, marginibus in omnibus fere integerrimis: achenia sub-
globosa, leevia.

28D B. scure.uarioiwes, n. sp.—In heavy black soil on
the prairies near Cat Spring, west of the Brazos: April, May.
The plant was also collected by Drummond, and specimens
were distributed, under No. 274, of the Third Collection,
mixed with B. truncata, which it greatly resembles in habit
and foliage. ‘The stem is glabrous, however, though the in-
florescence, as well as the calyx, is minutely pubescent. The
flowers are scarcely half the size of the preceding: the calyx
is more deeply bilabiate, and the lobes, except the middle one
of the upper lip, pointed with a rather conspicuous cusp: in
fruit the upper lobes are somewhat curved backwards, while
the narrow lower lip is incurved, so as nearly to close the ori-
fice. Corolla flesh-color : anthers purplish.

288. PuysosreGia INTERMEDIA = Dracocephalum interme-
dium, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. l. c. Wet prairies
west of San Felipe, growing in patches, —a smaller plant than
P. Virginiana, with a much more slender spike. The cauline
leaves, especially the upper ones, are broadest and cordate at
the base, and serrate throughout. Our plant accords with
No. 275 of Drummond’s Third Texan Collection. No. 274
is a form with acute and more entire leaves, more nearly that
described by Nuttall. It is difficult to distinguish the species
sufficiently from some forms of P. Virginiana.

289. VERBENA BIPINNATIFIDA = Glandularia bipinnatifida,
Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. l. c. Rich prairies, &c.
March, April. A plant with more prostrate and radicant
sterile stems, more dissected leaves, denser spikes, smaller
flowers, shorter calyx, and also more hirsute than V. Aubletia.

290. Dipreracanruus ($ Metopuanes, corolla parva cadu-
ca, limbo vix expansa) MicranrHus (n. sp.) : subglaber, caule
erecto ramoso ; foliis lanceolato-oblongis subintegerrimis utrin-
que acutis in petiolum brevem attenuatis, junioribus ciliatis ;
cymulis paucifloris subsessilibus axillaribus bracteis ovalibus
brevioribus ; calycis laciniis subulato-lanceolatis piloso-ciliatis
corollam inconspicuam capsulamque 8-spermam <equantibus,

*

50 Engelmann and Gray,

—Low woods between the Brazos and the Colorado: June —
Sept. Also collected by Drummond (Coll. If. No. 202.)
(In similar situations, near St. Louis, Engelmann, and Ala-
bama, Buckley.)— Plant 1 to 3 feet high, with much the
aspect of D. strepens in fruit, except that the leaves are nar-
rower (the lower cauline barely ovate-oblong,) or of D. hybri-
dus (but nearly glabrous,) but remarkable for its quite
inconspicuous flowers. Corolla only about four lines long,
whitish, the limb perhaps very rarely expanding, 5-toothed.
Filaments conspicuously connate by pairs at the base in a
ligula: anthers muticous. Style somewhat hairy: one of the
lobes of the stigma abortive, the remaining one subulate.
Capsule and seeds as in D. strepens, &c.'

291. Dianruera Americana, Linn. Creeks of the Colo-
rado; July—Aug.—Seeds destitute of the mucilaginous
coating, and appressed hairs of Dipteracanthus, &c.

1 There are two other well-marked new species of Dipteracanthus (Ruellia) in
Drummond’s Texan Collection, viz.

D. Deummonpi (Torr. §& Gr. MSS.) : cinereo-pubescens et pilis mollibus hir-
suta ; caulibus e basi ramosis adseendentibus; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis obtusiusculis
spe repandis arcte sessilibus ; floribus in axillis subsolitariis breviter pedunculatis
vel subsessilibus ; bracteis lanceolatis ; calycis laciniis filiformibus hirtis tubo corol-
le infundibuliformis multum brevioribus capsulam clavato-ovoideam 4-spermam ex-
cedentibus. — Stems 6 to 20 inches high. Leaves 14-2 inches long, somewhat erect,
about the length of the internodes, or the upper more approximate usually very obtuse
at the base. Corolla 2} inches long, the slender tube finely infundibuliform at the
summit. Anthers muticous. — Var. a. Tex. Drum. Coll. II. No. 220, and III. No.
258. 8. Very hirsute and more branched. Coll. I. No. 219.

D. (CALOPHANES) LINEARIS (Torr. g Gr. MSS.): humilis, subpubescens ; cau-
libus e basi lignosa ramosissimis diffusis ; foliis lineari-oblanceolatis integriusculis
obtusis basi attenuatis subsessilibus ; floribus solitariis geminisve in axillis subses-
silibus ; bracteis foliis conformibus calycem subzequantibus ; calycis laciniis hirtis
subulato-setaceis tubum corolle paulo excedentibus capsulam oblongam tetragonam
demum quadrivalvem 2-4-spermam superantibus. —Texas, Drummond’s Coll. II.
No. 178. Also near Columbus, Dr. Wright. Stems or branches a span long.
Leaves an inch in length. Corolla about as large as in D. (Calophanes) biflora or
oblongifolia ; the tube short, and the limb somewhat bilabiate. The sepals, as in
the above-mentioned species, united below into a short tube. Anthers subsagittate,
the cells distinctly cuspidate at the base. Stigma single. Capsule somewhat fusi-
form ; the valves each separating into two through the complete dissepiment. The
hairs of the seed are very slender, and marked with extremely delicate rings. — We
have not the fruit of the allied D. bifiora (Ruellia oblongifolia, Michx.) Perhaps
the genus Calophanes might be kept apart from Dipteracanthus, if, indeed, either
be sufficiently distinct from Ruellia proper. A. Gr.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 51

292. Urricutarta personaTa, Le Conte, DC. Not suffi-
eiently distinguishable from U. cornuta. — Wet soil. April.

293. OxypapHus PiLosa? = Alliona ovata, Pursh. Caly-
menia pilosa, Nutt.— Both bad names, as the stem and
leaves are sometimes nearly glabrous, and the leaves are mostly
oblong-lanceolate. Prairies west of the Brazos. July, August.
Leaves on very short petioles. Involucre 2-flowered. Stamens
4-5, exserted. (Also collected in Texas, by Dr. Wright.)

294, Borruavia pirrusa, Willd. Roadsides and prairies ;
a common weed. September — October.

295. Rivina porruuaccoiwes, Nutt.in Trans, Amer. Phil.
Soc. l. c. Woods and prairies, near Industry. June — Oc-
tober. — A perennial herb, with a ligneous rhizoma.

296. Po_yconum crisTaTum (n. sp.): caule herbaceo volu-
bili angulato-striato; foliis e basi subcordata vel truncata
triangularibus acuminatis margine scabris; floribus in axillis
foliorum glomeratis seu in spicas foliaceas laxe dispositis ;
floribus octandris; stigmatibus 3 sessilibus ; laciniis perigonii
fructiferig tria exterioribus cristato-alatis, alis crenato-incisis ;
nucibus parvis trigonis nitidis. — Margin of woods, &c. near
Industry. July. Near Polygonum scandens and P. dume-
torum, from which it is distinguished by its less cordate and
more triangular leaves, and the crenately incised wings of the
three outer sepals, in fruit; and also by the smaller nuts,
which are just one line in length. In P. scandens the nuts
are more than a line and a half, in P. dumetorum fully two
lines long. In the latter the broad wings are undulate and
entire. In P. scandens they are somewhat crenate, but often
one or all three are wanting. In P. Convolvulus the wings
are wanting, and the nuts are opaque.

297. Ericonum muLtirtorum, Benth. Sandy prairies, near
Industry. July — October.— The stamens in the fertile
flowers are very woolly towards the base.

298. ArIsroLocHIA LONGIFLORA (n. sp.): radice filiformi
elongata; caule humili adscendente ramoso; foliis longe
linearibus utrinque acutissimis subsessilibus glabris; floribus
axillaribus pedunculatis basi unibracteatis extus pubescentibus,

52 Engelmann and Gray,

limbo e basi-cordata valde producto lineari acuminato tubo
angusto multo longiore.— Shady, grassy places near Mill
creek. April—July. A remarkable species, with a very
long and simple aromatic root, and several weak, decumbent
stems branching from the base, about a span high. Leaves
three to five inches long, and one to three lines wide; the
attenuated limb of the perigonium as long as the leaves.
Capsule glabrous.

299. A. reticutata, Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc.
(N. Ser.) V. p. 162. Thickets west of the Brazos. May —
June. — Root similar in sensible properties to that of A. ser-
pentaria, but of coarser fibres ; and also used medicinally as a
snake-root.

300. Evpnorsia Herniarioipes, Nuit. 1. c. p. 171. Clayey
soil, near Industry. July——September. Also in Mississippi,
Missouri, &c. The smallest of our procumbent Euphorbie ;
the leaves from a line and a half to two or three lines long,
obliquely obtuse or subcordate at the base. Glands of the
involucre narrowly petaloid-margined. Cocci smooth and
somewhat carinate. Seeds grey marked with reddish, obo-
vate-oblong, obtusely angled, smooth.

301. E. arenarta (Nuit. I. c.): annua, erecto-patula, gla-
bra; foliis oppositis distantibus linearibus integerrimis obtusis
mucronatis basi subobliqua acutis breviter petiolatis ; stipulis e
basi lata subulatis distinctis subintegris; pedicellis petiolos
longe superantibus solitariis; appendicibus involucri petaloi-
deis plerumque 4-ovatis subacutis inzequalibus ; seminibus
obovato-subglobosis lzevibus e rubello cinereis. — Sandy places,
especially about fresh ant-hills, near Industry; also on sand-
stone rocks. June— August. Forming large bushy masses,
often six feet in circumference, and two feet or more in height.
Its slender habit, long and narrow leaves, and conspicuous white
flowers, give it somewhat the appearance of a large Galium.’

1 A remaining species of the stipulate division of this genus is

E. Geyer, (Engel. MSS.): depressa, humilis; foliis oblongis retusis integer-
rimis glaberrimis ; stipulis setaceo-multifidis; involucri appendicibus petaloideis;
seminibus minoribus quam in E. polygonifolia cinereis. — Beardstown, Illinois,
and Upper Missouri, Geyer. Near E. polygonifolia.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 53

302. E. Arkansana (7. sp.): annua, gracilis, glaberrima ;
caule erecto ramoso ; foliis sparsis spathulato-obovatis apicem
versus serrulatis mucronato-acutis sessilibus, inferioribus in
petiolum angustatis; umbellis trichotomis bis dichotomis;
bracteis rotundatis subcordato-ovatis mucronatis serrulatis ;
elandulis involucri (aurantiacis,) orbiculatis; capsulis verrucosis ;
seminibus (brunneis) reticulatis. — Prairies, from Houston to
the Colorado. April— July. Also, Fort Gibson, Arkansas,
Engelmann, and Western Louisiana, Dr. Hale. — Plant 8
to 12 inches high, with much the appearance of E. peploides,
Nutt.; which abundantly differs in its entire and retuse
leaves, entire and more cordate bracts, smooth capsules and
smooth seeds. The seeds and serrulate leaves in our plant
are more like EK. Helioscopia on a small scale, but, besides that
ours is much more slender and smaller in all its parts; the
broadly-ovate acute bracts are very different.

303. E. mareinata, 8 vuLoLeuca: bracteis oblongis ovali-
lanceolatisve acutis, marginibus latissime albidis szepe pl. m.
crispis; ramulis villosis.— Bottom lands of the Colorado.
August. — Seeds tuberculate-rugose, as in the ordinary forms
of E. marginata.

304. Pitinopuyrum capiratum, Klotzsch, (cf. No. 171.)
Low prairies, on the Colorado. September, October.

305. Henpecanpra Texensts, Klotzsch in Erichs. Archiv,
(1841) I. p. 252. Croton muricatum, Nutt. in Mem. Amer.
Phil. Soc. l. c. p. 173. Prairies on the Colorado, the sterile
and fertile plants generally intermixed, and covering large
patches of ground. An annual plant, about three feet high.
Leaves often lanceolate-oblong, and half an inch wide; those
of the fertile plant greener above than in the sterile, as de-
scribed by Nuttall, but often wider rather than narrower.
Stigmas 20-24. The hypogynous disk orbicular. — Klotzsch
wrongly describes the stem as suflruticose, and has not noticed
the flocciferous soft tuberculi of the capsule, which are as evi-
dent in our Drummondian specimens as in those of Lindhei-
mer. The H. multiflora, Torr. in Fremont’s Report, 1843,
is the same species.

54 Engelmann and Gray;

306. Apnora (vide No. 175, supra) HuMILIs (n. Sp.):
strigoso-pilosa ; caulibus basi ramosissimis adscendentibus dif-
fusis ; foliis oblongis ovato-lanceolatisve obtusis basi attenuatis
brevissime petiolatis superne demum glabratis; capitulis axil-
laribus folio multum brevioribus paucifloris ; petalis in fl. masce.
calycem paulo superantibus lanceolatis, in fl. feemineo subulatis
glandulis disci brevioribus. —In hard clayey soil, west of the
Brazos. March — August. (Also, Texas, Drummond, Col-
lection Second, No. 230, and Dr. Wright.) Plant 6 to 8
inches high; the base of the stem ligneous. Leaves an inch
or an inch and a half long. The clusters contain one fertile
and about four staminate flowers. The fruit and seeds not
half the size of those of the two other Texan species; the
latter globose and rugose, as in the other species, at first
curiously striate-reticulated, but when old more even.

307. Traci BREVISPICA (n. sp.) : multicaulis, ramosa, de-
cumbens; ramis apice flexuosis vel subvolubilibus ; foliis e
basi cordata truncatave triangulari-lanceolatis (superioribus
fere linearibus) irregulariter acute dentatis parce pilosis petio-
latis; spicis folio oppositis multo brevioribus ; flore fcemineo
ad basin unico, masculis paucis ; capsulis hispidulis. — Black,
clayey soil, in the prairies west of the Brazos. May — July.
Differs from T. urticeefolia (perhaps not specifically) in the
procumbent stems, which often form diffuse tufts two or three
feet in diameter, and the smaller and narrower leaves, as well
as the short spikes and smaller flowers and fruit; the latter is
less hispid.

308. Forestiera acuminata, Poir. Banks of the Brazos,
near San Felipe. March. It extends as far north as on the
Wabash, in Illinois.’

309. Quercus cinereA, Miche. Sandy, hilly soil; form-
ing groves in the prairies west of the Brazos, along with

1 Utmvus crassirotra, Nutt. was sparingly collected by Lindheimer; the tree
was in flower, for the second time, in September. The perigonium is divided to
the base into eight linear segments; and the ovary and fruit are villous,

Plante Lindheimeriane. 55

Q. obtusiloba ; flowering in February. A small tree, crooked,
and much branched ; the earliest flowering species in Texas.

310. PoramMoGeron pDiIveRsIroLius, 8. spicatus, Engel. in
Sill. Jour. 46, p. 102. Clear rivulets, in prairies, west of
San Felipe. April. Leaves 5-7—13-nerved.

311. P. natans, Linn., Var.? foliis infimis elongato-lan-
ceolatis utrinque acutissimis pellucidis breviter petiolatis, se-
quentibus longius petiolatis sensim magis oblongis et coriaceis,
sumnis natantibus oblongis ellipticisve; fructibus lenticulari-
compressis margine acutiusculis. — In clear water and pools,
west of the Brazos. June. Intermediate in its characters
between P. natans and P. fluitans ; and in the absence of the
upper leaves, very difficult to distinguish from P. lucens.

312. Xyris Torta, Smith, Kunth, Enum. 4, p. IV. (ex
char.) Springy places. May. Also, in Drummond’s Texan
Collection.

313. SystRINcHIUM MINUS (7. sp.): pumilum; caule an-
cipiti ramoso folioso; spatha paulo inzequali flores sequante
vel subexcedente ; perigonii segmentis (cceruleis) ovatis exte-
rioribus setaceo-mucronatis ; capsulis obovati-ovalibus glabris.
— Margin of pools, &c. in the prairie west of San Felipe.
April. Distinguished from the other North American species,
by the smaller size of the whole plant (3-6 inches high,) the
much branched stem, the ovate, not obcordate or emarginate,
lobes of the perigonium, and the form of the capsule. Spathe

not mucronate, about 4-flowered. Seeds numerous and very

small, impressed-dotted, black.

314. Hasranruus Texanus, Herb. Low prairies of the
Colorado, in black, clayey soil; flowering in September. Pe-
rigonium reddish-orange outside, yellow within.

315. Exeocnaris acicunaris, R. Br. var. Ponds and

pools on Mill Creek. March.

316. Tripsacum cyLinpricum, Michx. Prairies. April,
May.

317. Anpropocon macrourus, Michx. September.

318. CHara. potypHyiia, Michz., A. Braun. On the

>

f})

»*¢
:

56 Engelmann and Gray, Plante Lindheimeriane.

elayey bottom of clear rivulets, in the prairies between the
Brazos and Colorado. July, and the whole year round.’

#* No. 151. Monarpa Linpneimertr of this enumeration
must be the same as M. scasra, Beck, in Sill. Jour. X. p.
260, which name should therefore be adopted. }

1 In addition to the enumeration of the North American Chare, published in
Silliman’s Journal, Vol. XLVI. p. 92, (January, 1844,) we record the following
notices, caiatttsieticel by Professor Braun :

Mr. Lindheimer has sent from Texas specimens of Chara fievilis, Linn. ? (incom-
plete specimen,) and of Ch. tenuissima, Desv. This last, as well as the specimens
from Massachusetts, may be distinguished as var. Americana; the whorls are less
densely glomerate, but more approximate than in the European form.

Chara polyphylla, A. Br., is a very polymorphous plant, occurring in many differ-
ent forms in America, Asia, and the Sandwich Islands. Professor Braun distin-
guishes seven subspecies.

a. Ch. polyphylla Michauxii (Ch. polyphylla, A. Br. in Regensb. Bot. Zeit.
1835, p. 70; Ch. Michauzii, A. Br. in Sillim. Journ. 1. e. No. 11; Ch. capillata,
Michaux in herb. Jussieu; Ch. Aaitensis, Turpin, Dict. sc. nat. Atlas.) Ohio,
(Michaux, Dr. Frank); Missouri, (Dr. Engelmann); Texas, (Mr. Lindheimer) ;
Hayti, (Turpin, 1796.) This is the stoutest, and also the most northern of all
species and subspecies of the remarkable group of Gymnopode, A. Br. There are
five species now known, belonging to this group ; and of these Ch. pol yphylla i is the
‘mos ‘polymorphous, and widest spread species. — The Gymnopode are distin-
aving the lowest (often very short) joint of the otherwise coated leaves

pa

Ke guished t

ommonly cal ak yerticillated branchlets) naked, or destitute of the coating.

ee Ch. polyphylla guadeloupensis, (Ch. indica, Bert.) Guadeloupe, Bertero. More

slender, with smaller, more elongated seed vessels (sporangia) and still shorter bracts.

c. Ch. polyphylia ceylanica, (Ch. zeylanica, Klein in Willd.) Ceylon, Pondi-
cherry, Madras, etc.

d. Ch. polyphylla javanica.

e. Ch. polyphylla Muhlenbergii, (Ch. foliosa, Muhlenb. in Willd. ; ; Sillim. Journ.
l.c., p. 93, No. 10.) Pennsylvania, Muhlenberg. Very near Sileaekig C. ceylan-
ica, aid distinguished from a. Michauzii, by the bracts being much longer than the
sporangia, while they are shorter in Michauzit.

f. Ch. polyphylla Humboldtiana, (Ch. compressa, H. B. K.) New Andalusia,
Humboldt. A variety with some of the upper joints of the leaves destitute of the
coating.

g. Ch. polyphylla armata, (Ch. urmata, Meyen, Reisebesch.) _ Sandwich Islands,
Meyen. Distinguished by the stronger spines, and also mostly naked upper joints
and smaller seed vessels.

A second species, distinct from Ch. polyphylia, but also belonging to Gymnopode,
has been collected by Dr. Engelmann, in lakes in the bottom lands of the Missis-
sippi, near Saint Louis ; it is called by Professor Braun

Ch. sejuncta, a more slender and greener plant than the last, but principally dis-
tinguished by the seed vessels (sporangia) and globules (often called anthers) being
always found on different joints of the leaves (or branchlets,) never as in most other
species, together on the same joint. — Martius has collected the same species in
Brazil ; the North American form is larger, and more slender, and has bracts shorter

‘than the seeds; and may therefore be called var. brevibracteata, and the Brazilian
variety, longibracteata.

BOSTON So
JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY.

VOLUME VI.—NO. I.

Art. I1.— Puantz Linpueimeriane, Part II. An Account
of a Collection of Plants made by F. Lixpuemer in the
Western part of Texas, in the Years 1845 —6, and 1847 —8,
with Critical Remarks, Descriptions of new Species, &c.
By Asa Gray, M. D.

- [The numbers follow on from the end of the former collection, as published in
Vol. V. of this Journal, through the collection of 1845-6, and thence to the later
collection. Those inclosed in ( ) belong to the collection of 1847-8; for greater
convenience in describing them, they are here intercalated. The few numbers in
brackets below 319 belong to species which occurred in the former distribution.
Those marked with aj in place of a number have not been distributed at all. The
orders elaborated by Dr. Engelmann have his name affixed to that of the Order. ]

RANUNCULACEZ.

319. Cuematis Drummonnu, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 9.
Dry prairies, Comale Spring, &c. June. Cultivated in the
Cambridge Botanic Garden, from Texan seeds, this plant
climbs extensively, but does not show its blossoms until Octo-
ber. The calyx is yellowish green, tinged with purple.
320. Ranuncutus repens, Linn. var. MACRANTHUS: pe-
talis 7-16; caulibus petiolisque villosissimis. R. macran-
thus, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 585. Sparsely on high,
rocky plains, and in patches on damp Muskit (Algarobia)

flats, New Braunfels. March.— Mr. Wright has specimens
JOURNAL B, S. N. H. 19 JAN. 1850.

142 Plante Lindheimeriane.

of the same plant, with the leaves also densely silky-vil-
lous, nearly as much so as in R. canus, Benth. Pl. Hartw.
No. 1626, from California; indeed, it would seem to belong
to the same species; but the carpels are, as in our &. repens,
pointed with a pretty long, straight, or flexuous beak, slen-
derly subulate from a broad base, and not ‘“‘mucrone valde
recurvo fere circinnato,”’ as #. canus is characterized. My
specimen of the latter exhibits no fruit. The petals are in
some specimens nearly an inch in length; in others no larger -
than in ordinary American forms of R. repens, into which it
passes by every kind of gradation.

+ Detpuinium virescens, Nutt. Gen. 2, p. 14; Torr. &
Gr. Fl. 1. p. 82; floribus albis. Rocky prairies and hills,
Comale Spring. April. The species is very likely to be
considered as only a broader-leaved variety of D. azureum.

321. D. virescens, Nutt., var. floribus subceruleis. Dry
and rocky prairies, and margins of thickets, New Braunfels.

April.
BERBERIDACE.

322. Berserts (Trinicina, Gray,) Trrrotiotata, Mori-
cand, Pl. Now. Amer. p. 113, t. 69. B. ilicifolia, Scheele an
Linnea, 21, p. 591, non Forst. B. Roemeriana, Scheele, |. c.
22, p. 352. High shore of Matagorda Bay. Also common
in the interior of Texas, on Comale Creek, at New Braunfels,
&c. (575.) An evergreen shrub, with few branches, but
with many stems from the same base, often forming large
thickets. It flowers in February and March; and the yellow
blossoms exhale the odor of saflron. The globose berries,
about the size of peas, ripen in May, are red, aromatic, and.
acid; they are called “currants” by the inhabitants, and are
used for tarts, &c. This interesting species, which is
remarkable for its palmately trifoliolate leaves, is first men-
tioned in the Appendix to the first volume of the Flora of
N. America, as having been gathered by Drummond with-
out flower or fruit. In 1841, it was named and characterized

Plante Lindheimeriane. 143

by Moricand, from flowering specimens which occurred in
Berlandier’s Texan Collection. We have now fine specimens
both in flower and fruit from Mr. Lindheimer’s, Mr. Wright’s,
and from Dr. Gregg’s collections; the latter met with it as
far south as Buena Vista. I have characterized it as a third
section of Berberis, in the Genera Am. Bor.-Cr. Illustrata, 1.
p. 80.
CRUCIFERZ.

323. SrreprantHus peTiouaRis, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 7.
Muskit thickets and shady woods, New Braunfels and San
Antonio. March.— All the lower leaves, as well as the base
of the stem, are more hairy in my specimen than in those
cultivated in the Cambridge Botanic Garden, from seeds
taken from Mr. Wright’s plant; and the radical leaves are
barely lyrate-pinnatifid, and rounded at the summit. From
seeds sown in early spring, it flowers and fruits during the
summer and autumn.

+S. pracreatus (Gray, Gen. Am. Bor.-Or. Ill. 1. p. 146,
t. 60. fig. 1-—3.): glaberrimus, subglaucus; foliis caulinis
auriculato-amplexicaulibus, inferioribus oblongis acutis spe
repando-dentatis, superioribus cordatis sinu profundo clauso
in bracteas cordatas (inferiores florem, summas pedicellum
subzequantes) sensim decrescentibus; petalis obovatis purpu-
reis ; siliquis angustis preelongis (54-6 unc.) patentibus sub-
falcatis. —At New Braunfels. June. Also gathered by
Mr. Wright on sand bars of the Colorado, near Austin, in
flower only, in the month of April. The radical leaves are
sometimes entire or barely repand-toothed, sometimes incised
or even lyrately pinnatisect, with most of the lower segments
minute. One of Mr. Wright’s specimens is remarkable for
having all the lower cauline leaves pinnately parted in this
way, and petioled. The sepals are tinged with deep purple;
the petals are light purple, with the broad spreading lamina
half an inch in length. No ripe pods were gathered. The
largest seen are about six inches long, but less than a line
wide ; the immature seeds are winged. I have no specimens

144 Plante Lindheimeriane.

of JS. obtustfolius nor of S. maculatus, with which last espe-
cially our plant should be critically compared. But Dr. 'Tor-
rey informs me that these species want the bracts, so uncom-
mon in Crucifere, and which so conspicuously distinguish S.
bracteatus.

324. Erysimum Arxansanum, Nutt. in Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1.
p. 94; Gray, Gen. Ill. 1. t. 63. Wooded, rocky banks, &c.,
Comale Spring, and on the Guadaloupe. March, April. —A
showy species, with large, deep, golden yellow, and faintly
fragrant flowers. It was found on the Rio Grande by Mr.
Wright.

325. Vesicarta Enceimanu (Gray, Gen. Am. Bor.-Or. Ill.
]. p. 162, t. 70): perennis, pube lepidoto-stellata argentata ;
caulibus e caudice sublignoso plurimis simplicibus erectis su-
perne parce foliatis ; foliis inferioribus spathulatis seu oblance-
olatis rariter repando vel sinuato-dentatis in petiolum attenu-
atis, superioribus sublinearibus integerrimis; racemo etiam
fructifero brevi s%pius corymbiformi; silicula globosa glaber-
rima_ breviter stipitata 5—12-sperma (loculis 8-ovulatis)
stylo pergracili breviora ; seminibus submarginatis; funiculis
septo longe adnatis. — Pebbly shore of the Guadaloupe, New
Braunfels. May. Chiefly with mature fruit. (The same
species, apparently, with elliptical and entire radical leaves,
was found on the Upper Canadian, by Mr. Gordon.) From
Lindheimer’s seeds, this handsome and very distinct perennial
species is in cultivation in the Cambridge Botanic Garden.
It makes a strong, deep root. The clustered, simple stems
rise to the height of a span or a foot, are clothed, like the
foliage, with a silvery pubescence composed of dense and
closely appressed stellar tufts, and are terminated by a short
and dense, usually umbelliform, raceme of golden yellow flow-
ers, which are fully as large as those of V. grandiflora, the
petals being half an inch long. Lower leaves two to three
inches in length. The style is one third of an inch in length.
I should have adopted Dr. Engelmann’s or Lindheimer’s
name of V. umbellata, under which the specimens were sent,

Plante Lindheimeriane. 145

and which is not inappropriate to this form, where the pedicels
are as long as the axis of the fruiting raceme, except that, in
the cultivated and some wild specimens, the raceme elongates
in fruit to the length of three or four inches, as in the suc

ceeding.

(576.) V. ENGELMANNII, var. §. ELATIOR: racemo fructi
fero extenso (3 -—-4-pollicari). V. pulchella, Kunth &
Bouché, in Ann. Sci. Nat. 3-ieme Ser. 2, p. 229 (Apr. 1849,)
ex char.

326. V. aneustirouia, Nutt. in Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 101.
Summit of hills, in large patches, on stony soil, New Braun-
fels. March, in flower. Accords entirely with the original
specimens. What Scheele has taken for this species is evi-
dently V. recurvata, at least in part. .

327. V. LinpueImeR! (sp. nov.): radice crassa perenni ;
caulibus decumbentibus foliosis cinereis; foliis oblongis ar-
gute sinuato- vel laciniato-dentatis imis lyrato-pinnatifidis pube
implexa appressissima (e pagina superiore sero subdecidua)
argenteo-incanis ; racemo fructifero elongato; silicula ovoideo-
globosa glaberrima stipite plus duplo stylo subduplo longiore ;
seminibus immarginatis. — Black, stiff prairie soil on the lower
Guadaloupe, east of Victoria. February, in flower and fruit.
— This appears to be a truly perennial species, and is remark-
able for its strongly toothed leaves, as well as for the matted,
extremely fine and close-pressed, silvery pubescence which
clothes them. ‘The upper surface of the older leaves, how-
ever, is merely cinereous with minute and rather sparse
stellardown. Petals apparently light yellow, three or four
lines long.

328. V. DENsIFLORA (sp. nov.): annua v. biennis, pube
stellata laxa cinerea; caulibus adscendentibus usque ad flores
foliosis ; foliis oblongo-spathulatis vel oblanceolatis basi atten-
uatis sepius repando-denticulatis, radicalibus integris; race-
mo etiam fructifero denso multifloro, pedicellis erectiusculis ;
silicula estipitata subdepresso-globosa glaberrima stylo bre-
viore 10-16-sperma (loculis 8-ovulatis); seminibus im-

146 Plante Lindheimeriane.

marginatis; funiculis septo longe adnatis.— Prairies near
Victoria, on the lower Guadaloupe; February, in flower.
Gravelly banks of streams, Fredericksburg; May, in fruit
(577.) (Also, near Austin, Mr. Charles Wright.) —Stems
numerous from the same root, rather stout, spreading or
ascending, 5 to 10 inches long, leafy to the top. Leaves
equally cinereous both sides, as well as the stem and pedicels,
with a rather loose stellar pubescence; the cauline an inch
or less in length; even the radical undivided and barely re-
pand or repand-denticulate. Flowers bright yellow, smaller by
about one third than those of V. grandiflora. ‘The remark-
ably dense raceme becomes in fruit from two to four inches
long, often ripening as many as fifty silicles; the lower pedi-
cels usually subtended by leaves. Silicles two lines in diame-
ter, slightly didymous as well as depressed, not strictly sessile
on the receptacle as in V. grandiflora, but raised on a barely
appreciable stipe. Style fully two lines long. Seeds small,
not at all margined.— This well-marked species appears to
be common in Texas, especially throughout the Western dis-
tricts. But I do not find that it has yet been described.

+ V. cranpirLora, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3464. var. 8 PINNA-
viripa: foliis radicalibus majoribus interrupte pinnatipartitis
segmentis dentatis lobatisve, caulinis seepe subpinnatifidis. —
Prairies east of Victoria; February, in flower. The same
form was gathered by Mr. Wright. — V. grandiflora is well
distinguished from all the other species (of which a goodly
number are now known in North America) by the unusually
short style, the narrowly winged seeds, and the large flowers
and pods.

329. V. arcyrma (sp. nov.): perennis, pube lepidoto-
stellata undique argentea ; caulibus diffusis v. procumbentibus
foliosis ; foliis omnibus spathulatis integerrimis vel repando-
dentatis ; racemo laxifloro, fructifero elongato ; pedicellis szpi-
us patentibus apice sursum curvatis ; silicula globosa estipitata
glaberrima stylo equilonga oligosperma (loculis 16—- 18-ovu-
latis) ; seminibus immarginatis. — V. arctica var.? Gray, Pl.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 147

Fendl. p. 9.— Sandy banks of Green Lake, near Matagorda
Bay, and prairies near Victoria; February, in flower and half-
grown fruit. Also gathered by Mr. Wright on the Rio
Grande, Texas; by Dr. Gregg at Buena Vista, and Dr.
Edwards at Monterey, Northern Mexico; and by Fendler at
Santa Fe, in flower only. The species assumes a variety of
forms, according as it flowers early near the root, or from long
procumbent stems. In the first case the pedicels are more
upright ; in the latter they are spreading and upwardly curved,
as mentioned in the specific character. They are sometimes
subtended by leaves; and the racemes in Dr. Gregg’s speci-
mens are occasionally proliferous. The bright-yellow flowers
are about half an inch in diameter. The plant is silvery with
crowded, but distinct, appressed, scurfy stelle.

330. V. recurvata (Engelm. ined.) : tenella, pube minuta
lepidoto-stellata cinerascens; caulibus e radice annua pluri-
mis gracilibus diffusis vel procumbentibus ramosis; foliis
spathulatis integerrimis aut radicalibus repandis lyratisve, su-
premis sublineari-oblongis ; racemis elongatis sparsifloris ; pe-
dicellis se2pe secundis, fructiferis recurvis; silicula vix aut ne
vix stipitata globosa glabra oligosperma parva stylo tenui bre-
viore vel subzequali; seminibus immarginatis.—V. angusti-
folia, Scheele, in Linnea, 21, p. 584, non Nutt. — Dry and
stony or light soil, growing sparsely in the grass, San Antonio
and New Braunfels. March, in flower; April and May, in
fruit. Also around Austin, Mr. Charles Wright. —'The most
slender species; with diffusely spreading stems, from four to
eight inches long, and short, spathulate or oblong-spathulate
leaves. ‘The flowers are not larger than those of V. gracilis,
which it most resembles, and from which it is at once distin-
guished by its nearly or quite estipitate silicles, pendulous on
the recurved pedicels. The pods are a line, or little more,
in diameter.

331. V. eracitis, Hook, Bot. Mag. t. 3533. Muskit
Flats, in wet or low, grassy places, New Braunfels. April,
May.—Stems upright or nearly so, slender, from 8 to 16

148 : Plante Lindheimeriane.

inches long. The pods, in the stronger specimens, are twice
as large as in Hooker’s figure and description.!

(216.*) Drapa puatycarpa, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 108.
This is not the same as No. 216 (D. cunezfolia) of the former

1 VESICARTZ Boreali-Americanze Synoptice Disposite.

Sect. I. Vesicarrana, DC. Silicula globosa, raro pyriformis, valvis membranaceis
inflatis.

; § 1. Annue seu biennes.

* Seminibus marginatis; stylo silicula (estipilata) dimidio vel ultra breviore ;
JSoliis caulinis basi sepe auriculatis et subamplexicaulibus.

1. V. cranpirtora (Hook. Bot. Mag’. t. 3464): caulibus pube brevi subcinereis ;
foliis seepe sinuato-pinnatifidis dentatisve; stylo silicula 2-3-plo breviore. V. brevi-
styla, Torr. § Gr. Fl. 1. p. 102 (vide Suppl. p. 668.) The septum is not veinless,
as is said by Don, but has a midnerve stretching from the apex towards the base,
as is usual in the genus.

2. V. auricutata (Engelm. & Gray, Pl. Lindh. No. 217, p. 82): caulibus pe-
dunculisque hirsutis; floribus minoribus ; stylo silicula dimidio brevioribus.

* * Seminibus immarginatis ; stylo silicula subequalibus aut longioribus ; foliis
omnibus basi angustatis.

1 Silicula vir aut ne viz stipitata, globosa.

t Racemo etiam fructifero densifloro; pedicellis erectiusculis vel subpatentibus.

3. V. DENSIFLORA, (sp. nov.) Vide supra, No. 328.

4, V. ancustirouia, Nult. in Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p.101. Vide supra, No. 326.

5. V. Saortu, Jorr. g Gr. Fl. 1. p. 102.— The silicles, in the specimen of Herb.
Torr., the only one I have ever seen, are nearly all sterile and imperfectly grown;
hence their small size in proportion to the length of the style. In one pod, however,
although remarkably small for the genus, I found a single ripe (marginless) seed,
nearly filling the cell; in this case the style was no longer than the silicle. The
species, although not sufficiently well known, is unlike any other here enumerated.

tt Racemo sparsifloro; siliculis nutantibus.

6. V. REcuRvATA, Engelm. Vide supra, No. 530.

1 t Silicula breviter stipitata obovato-globosa seu pyriformi; foliis caulinis sub-
repandis,

7. V. Nurratiu (Torr. § Gr. Fil. 1. p. 101): subcinereo-puberula ; filamentis
basi ampliatis; silicula pyriformi juxta basim constricta.

8. V.repanpa (Nutt. in Torr. & Gr. l. c.): glabrata; floribus majoribus ; fila-
mentis e basi dilatata sensim angustatis; silicula immatura subglobosi-obovata. —
There are no specimens with full-grown silicles, while those of V. Nuttallii are alto-
gether fruitful, with no good flowers. There is much reason to suspect that the two
belong to one species. V. Nuftallii usually has a shorter but distinct stipe to the
pod; but in one of the original specimens the stipe is fully as long as in V. gracilis.

TTT Silicula manifeste stipitata, eracte globosa.

t Floribus saturate flavis.

9. V. eraciuis (Hook. Bot. Mag’. t. 3533): glabrata, erectiuscula; foliis lanceola-
‘tis subintegerrimis; racemo laxifloro elongato; pedicellis elongatis patentibus ;_ sili-
cula glabra stipite duplo longiore stylo pl. m. breviore.— The silicles of Berlandier’s
and Drummond’s specimens are, as described and figured by Hooker, “not larger
than hempseed.” In those of Lindheimer, where the whole plant is stronger, and in

Plante Lindheimeriane. 149

distribution. Thickets, New Braunfels, &c. February. D.
Reemeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 583, would seem to be

cultivated specimens, the silicles are considerably larger. The stipe is sometimes
almost as long as the pod; sometimes scarcely half that length.

10. V. Gorponi (sp. nov.): tomentuloso-canescens; caulibus diffusis ; foliis sub-
integerrimis, infimis. subspathulatis, superioribus lanceolatis vel linearibus; racemo
fructifero laxo; pedicellis brevibus patentibus ; silicula glabra breviter stipitata stylo
subduplo longiore. — On the Canadian, in the Raton Mountains, Mr. Gordon,
(communicated by Dr Engelmann.) April; in flower and fruit. — This is, perhaps, a
perennial species, but the root appears more like that of a biennial. The plant is sil-
very-hoary, with a stellate pubescence; except the pods, which are very smooth, and
two lines in diameter. Flowers not larger than those of V. gracilis, more crowded.
The unripe seeds are not at all margined.

££ Floribus albidis ; siliculis nutantibus.

11. V. patina (Torr. § Gr. Fl. 1. p. 668, Suppl.): pube minuta lepidoto-stellata sub-
cinerea ; caulibus adscendentibus ramosis ; foliis oblongis plerisque laciniato-dentatis
basi attenuatis, radicalibus sublyratis ; racemo laxifloro; pedicellis fructiferis recurvis ;
silicula globosa glabra leviter stipitata stylo tertia parte longiore.— V. grandiflora
B. pallida, Torr. § Gr. Ll. c. p. 101. — The corolla is said, by Dr. Leavenworth (who
alone has met with this plant) to be “‘ white.”

§2. Perennes (Argentee seu incane.)

* Seminibus levissime marginatis ; silicula substipitata stylo breviore.
— 12. V. Encetmannu, Gr. Gen. Ill. ¢. 70. Vide supra, No. 325.

* ® Seminibus immarginatis ; silicula stipitata stylo duplo longiore.
13. V. LinDHEIMERI, sp. nov. Vide supra, No. 327.
* ® *® Seminibus immarginatis ; silicula non aut viz stipituta.

t Stylo silicula equilongo v. longiore.

$ Caulibus elongatis decumbentibus ; foliis spathulatis ; silicula glabra.

14. V. arGyR#A, sp. nov. Vide supra, No. 329.

¥} Caulibus abbreviatis suffruticosis ; foliis angustis ; silicula glabra.

15. V. Fenpcerti, Gray, Pl. F'endl. p. 9.

16. V. STENOPHYLLA (sp. nov.): humilis, cano-argentea, multiceps; foliis anguste
linearibus gracilibus confertis; racemo multifloro denso; silicula membranacea gla-
berrima stylum e#quante. — On the Rio Grande, Texas, Mr. Charles Wright. Mon-
terey and Aguaneuva, Northern Mexico, Dr. Gregg, Dr. Edwards.— The specimen
of Mr. Wright is the most characteristicone. From a thick, ligneous caudex it bears
several], more or less woody branches, a span high, densely leafy, and terminated by a
very compact raceme of golden yellow flowers, nearly as large as these of V. grandi-
Jfiora. The plants of Gregg and Edwards are less condensed, and with smaller flow-
ers. The leaves are an inch or more, the lower over two inches in length, entire, or
the lower sparingly toothed; and the pods, also, are twice the size of those of V.
Fendleri. Specimens intermediate between the two may perhaps occur.

$4 Cawlibus herbaceis erectis vel adscendentibus ; silicula globoso-obovata incana.

17. V. Lupoviciana, DC. Syst. 2, p. 297; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 1, p. 48. V. glo-
bosa, Desv. Jour. Bot. 3, p. 171 & 184, ex char.

Tt Stylo silicula globosa glabra vel stellato-puberula, 2 - 3-plo longiore.

18. V. arctica, Richards. Appx. Frankl. Journ.; Hook. l. c.

JOURNAL B. 8. N. H. 20

150 Planta Lindheimeriane.

a form of the same species, or perhaps of D. cunezfolia. To
the latter, as a slender form, or to D. micrantha, would seem
to belong D. filicaulis, Scheele, l. c.

CAPPARIDACE:.

332. Povanisia TRACHYSPERMA, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 669 ;
Gr. Gen. Ill. 1. t. 79, & Pl. Fendl. p. 10. Sandy soil, on
the Colorado and Pierdenales. July, October. This differs
from P. uniglandulosa, as I have formerly remarked, princi-
pally in the smaller size of the flowers. It is likely to prove
only a northern form of that species.

POLYGALACEZ.

333. Potyeata LinDHEIMERI (sp. nov.): pubescens ; cau-
libus e radice incrassata lignea plurimis foliosis ; foliis alternis
subsessilibus coriaceis utrinque reticulatis nitidis cuspidato-
mucronatis, imis obovatis, superioribus gradatim ovatis oblon-
gis et lanceolatis ; racemis terminalibus demumque lateralibus
laxifloris ; rachi geniculato-flexuosa bracteis parvis ad nodos 3
persistentibus squamosa ; pedicellis brevissimis ; sepalo supe-
riore bracteiformi a flore. subdistante alis spathulatis vix di-
midio brevioribus ; carina imberbi crista calcariformi aucta ;
capsula immatura pilosula.— Rocky declivities of the upper
Guadaloupe and Pierdenales. June, August. Also met
with by Mr. Wright, from the Colorado to the Rio Grande. —
Root not unlike that of Krameria lanceolata, long, covered
with a thick reddish bark. Stems a little woody at the base,

Sect. II. Aryssorpes, DC. Silicula ovata, valvis convexis rigidiusculis.
19. V. aueina, Nutt. in Torr. G Gr. Fl. 1. p. 102; Gr. Pl. Fendl. p. 9.

V. lasiocarpa, Hook. ined. (Vide Bot. Mag. sub t. 3464) isunknowntome. I
have seen no Texan species with other than glabrous fruit.

V. argentea, Schauer in Linnea, 20, p. 720, when the mature fruit is known, may
prove to be a species of Synthlipsis.

V. didymocarpa, Hook., and V. Geyeri, Hook. constitute the genus Physaria.

The Iberis, n.sp.? Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York, 2, p. 166, from Dr. James’s
Collection, is Dithyrea Wislizeni, Engelm. in Wis. Rep. p. 96, which has recently
been met with, in flower only, on the Upper Canadian, by Mr. Gordon.

Planta Lindheimeriane. 151

branching, a span to a foot high, clothed with a soft spread-
ing pubescence. Leaves from 5 to 10 lines long, coriaceous,
minutely pubescent but shining, with a prominent midrib, the
veinlets conspicuously reticulated on both surfaces. Racemes
gradually prolonged so as to bear from 10 to 20 flowers in the
course of the season; the joints of the remarkably zig-zag
rachis from one to three lines long. Pedicels shorter than the
calyx, 3-bracteate. Upper sepal a little remote from the
flower, like a bractlet, ovate-oblong, concave, with the rudi-
ment of a gland in its axil. Stamens 8, subdiadelphous.
The galea of the carina is beardless, and bears a conspicuous,
straight spur on the back in place of a crest. ‘The ripe fruit
is unknown. The large upper sepal is persistent at the base
of the half-grown fruit, after the others have fallen. All the
sepals are deciduous in what I take to be P. ovalifolia, DC.,
which was gathered on the Leona and Rio Grande by Mr.
Wright, as well as by Dr. Edwards and Major Eaton at Mon-
terey, &c.

KRAMERIACEZ.

(13.) Kramerta Lvanceotata, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New
York, 2. p. 168; Gr. Gen. Ill. 2, t. 185, 186. New Braun-
fels, among rocks. April, June. “Roots often more than
three feet long.”

VIOLACEZ.

(578.) lonrprum uineare, Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York,
2, p. 168; Torr. & Gr. Fl.1. p. 145; Gr. Gen. Ill. 1, t. 82.
I. stipulaceum, Nutt. in Torr. & Gr. l. c.. Stems much
branched from a ligneous perennial root, diffuse, or the
branches often erect. Leaves opposite or occasionally alter-
nate, entire or remotely serrulate; the lower varying from
lanceolate to oblong or obovate; the upper linear, obtuse,
usually three or four times the length of the stipules. Seeds
turning black. —TI possess no perfectly authenticated speci-
mens of I. stipulaceum, Nutt.; but I have good reason to

»
..

152 Plante Lindheimeriane.

think that it is not specifically different from the plant which
was earlier indicated (from a branch, bearing narrowly linear
leaves alone) by Dr. Torrey, under the name of I. lineare ;
which name I have therefore adopted. The stipules should
not have been termed “minute” in JI. lineare, since they are
further said to be “ one-third the length of the leaves.” ‘The
upper ones are seldom so long as this, while the lower are
frequently “half as long as the leaves,” as they are said to be
in I. stipulaceum. It is manifest that all our specimens belong
to one and the same species.

344. I. uineare, Torr., ramis floriferis erectis strictioribus.

I. stipulaceum, Nutt. 7. c. Damp Muskit flats, San Antonio.
April.

CARYOPHYLLACE.

335. Paronycuta Linpnemmerr (Engelm. ined.): annua,
glabra, erecta; caule ramosissimo diffuso in cymas apertas
multoties dichotomas diviso; foliis setaceis, superioribus brac-
teisque consimilibus mucronatis internodio brevioribus ; calyce
basi breviter pubescentibus, laciniis in aristulam lisdem duplo
breviorem productis. — Naked, rocky places in high prairies.
September. (Also gathered in Western Texas, by Mr.
Wright. — Nearly allied to P. setacea, and very similar in
aspect, foliage, flowers, &c., but the cymes are more open;
the calyx minutely pubescent, instead of strigose-hirsute, at
the base; and the awns much shorter than its segments, in-
stead of being nearly of their length. The plant is smoother,
often six inches high, and very much branched.

(222.) P. picnoroma, Nutt. Gen. 1. p. 159; Torr. & Gr.
Fl. 1. p. 171. High, rocky places, north of New Braunfels.
August, October.

336. Sretuaria prostratTa, Baldw. in Ell. Sk. 1. p. 518.
Rocky and shaded margins of rivulets, about the Comale
Springs, and at New Braunfels; flowering from March to
October. (Also Trinity Bay, Mr. Wright.)

Plante Lindheimeriane. 153

PORTULACACEZ: (by Dr. Engelmann).

(579.) Tavinum aurantiacum (n. sp.): radice tuberosa; /
caule adscendente herbaceo ramoso patulo -piteso ; foliis /

lanceolatis s. lineari-lanceolatis subsessilibus carnosis; flori-
bus axillaribus singulis; pedunculis supra basin articulatis
bibracteolatis, fructiferis reflexis; sepalis ovatis acuminatis
tricarinatis, fructiferis subpersistentibus; petalis ovatis mu-
cronatis; staminibus sub-25; seminibus lineis gyratis carina-
tis et striis tenuissimis transversis eleganter notatis. — On the
Sabinas, and more abundantly on the Liano, rare about New
Braunfels, on rocky soil or almost naked rocks; in flower
principally in July and August, but also at other seasons,
always after heavy rains. — Root white, fleshy, tuberous,
often bifurcated. Stems 8-16 inches long, ascending, much
branched. Leaves 11-2 or even 3 inches long, 2—4 lines
wide. Peduncle 4—5 lines long. Sepals of the same length ;
petals 5 lines long and 3 wide, orange to red; filaments
red; style and stigma orange. Seeds elegantly marked,
black, larger than in any other North American species. —
Distinct from all other species described by De Candolle, by
the single flowers.

(580.) Tatinum sarMENTOsuM (n. sp.) : radice crassa ; caule
prostrato; ramis debilibus sarmentosis ascendentibus foliosis ;
foliis carnosis late ovatis cuspidatis basi attenuatis subsessili-
bus ; cymis axillaribus bracteatis subtrifloris (rarius compositis)
versus apicem laxe paniculatis; floribus longe pedicellatis ;
sepalis ovatis cuspidatis membranaceis deciduis; staminibus
sub-15; seminibus nigris nitentibus sub lente tenuiter tuber-
culatis. — New Braunfels, among shrubs on the banks of the
Guadaloupe. July, September. — Stems prostrate ; branches
weak, ascending, supported by the shrubs under “ which the
plant grows, often 6 —10 feet long ;’”’ —the specimens before
me are 2—4 feet long. Lower leaves 2}—3! inches long,
1-1; wide. Pedicels 6—12 and more lines long, thickened
at the apex. Sepals about one line long; flowers apparently

ae

154 Plante Lindheimeriane.

4—5 lines in diameter, purple. Capsule about one line long,
almost globose. Seeds smoother than in any other of our
species.’

1 “ Besides these two species, we have in the flora of the United States, three others
very different from these, but nearly related to one another; namely, the well-known
T. teretifolium, Pursh, T. calycinum, Engelm. in Wisliz. Rep.; and 7’. parviflorum,
Nutt.; all three now in cultivation with me, and well distinguisbed from one another.
T'. calycinum is very ornamental; the large flowers have sometimes six to ten petals.

“ Mr. Lindheimer has discovered two undescribed species of Portulaca in Western
Texas. As these plants are so difficult to preserve and so unsightly when dried, he
did not collect specimens for distribution; but from his seeds both were raised by me
last season and prove very remarkable plants, one from its near alliance with Portu-
laca oleracea, the other from its great difference from that species. I arrange the
species of our flora (all of them annuals) in the following manner.

PORTULACA.

* Spathulate: glaberrimee; caule tereti; foliis spathulatis obovatis ; sepalis alato-
carinatis cum operculo capsule maturee deciduis ; petalis flavis emarginatis s. bilobis;
capsule annulo circulari tumido. J

1. P. overacea, L.: foliis obovatis spathulatis apice rotundatis; alabastro com-
presso oyato acuto; sepalis carinatis; staminibus 7-9; stigmatibus 5 stylum bre-
vem superantibus; seminibus minoribus minute sub lente verruculosif nigris. — St.
Louis, very common; flowers open in direct sunshine between 9 and 10 o’clock,
A.M. August.

2. P. retusa (n. sp.) : foliis cuneatis retusis, seu emarginatis ; alabastro compresso
orbiculato obtuso; sepalis late carinato-alatis; staminibus sub-15 (17 - 19, Lindh.,
in plantis parvulis 7-10); stigmatibus 3-4 stylum eequantibus vel eo brevioribus;
seminibus majoribus sub lente echinato-tuberculatis nigricantibus. — Granite region
of the Liano in Western Texas. Flowers open in direct sunshine between 83 and 93
A. M. (in St. Louis, in August), always before the common species. — Distinguished
from the nearly allied P. oleracea by the broader retuse leaves, and broader calyx;
by the larger, more distinctly tuberculated, somewhat paler seeds, much larger
style, and shorter and fewer stigmata. Number of stamina variable. In large speci-
mens (bushes several feet in diameter, stems at base 6-7 lines thick, prostrate or
ascending); the number counted was 15. Stigmata almost invariably 4, rarely 3.

* * Lanceolate: glaberrime ; caule angulato; foliis superioribus lanceolatis ; sepa-
lis vix carinatis post anthesin deciduis ; petalis plerumque versicoloribus acutiusculis ;
capsule ala circulari lata ex calycis basi aucta.

3. P. Lanceo“aTa (n. sp.): sub-erecta; foliis inferioribusspathulatis obtusis, superi-
oribus lanceolatis acutis; petalis obovatis s. oblanceolatis acutiusculis s. cuspidatis ;
staminibus 7-27; stigmatibus 3-6; capsula turbinata versus apicem ala circulari
lata cincta ; seminibus majoribus echinato-tuberculatis cinereis.

a. VERSICOLOR ; petalis majoribus obovatis rubris basi flavis; staminibus 12-24;
stigmatibus 5-6 linearibus; capsule ala orbiculari plana.

8. MiNoR; petalis minoribus oblanceolatis seepe totis flavidis rarius apice rubellis;
staminibus 7-12; stigmatibus 3-4 ovato-oblongis; capsule ala subpentagona un-
dulata.

Granite region of the Liano, in Western Texas. — Stems in smaller plants a few
inches high, erect, with erect branches; in larger specimens a foot or more high, as-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 155

LINACEZ.

+ Linum Boorrn, Planchon in Lond. Jour. Bot. 7, p.
475. Upper Pierdenales, sparsely in sandy prairies—The
specimen is entirely in fruit, and has lost nearly all its leaves.
Some remarks on this species will be found under No. 581.

337. L. Boorru, 7. RUPESTRE ; caulibus gracilentis; foliis
lineari-subulatis ; sepalis paulo latioribus ; capsulis minoribus.
—L. rupestre, Lindheimer in sched. New Braunfels, with
Cereus cespitosus, growing sparsely on rocky soil or in crey-
ices of naked rocks. May.— Stems several, from a firm,
probably not really perennial root, very strict and slender,
a foot or more high. Petals three or four times the length of
thelanceolate-ovate, cuspidate, and glandular-ciliate sepals.

338. L. mutricauLe, Hook. in Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 678;
Planchon in Lond. Jour. Bot. 7, p. 185. Upper Pierden-
ales; socially in naked, clayey places in open oak woods.
October; mostly in fruit. Flowers small, yellow. Styles
united almost to the summit. Branches clothed with the
minute lanceolate-subulate leaves quite up to the flower; the

cending, very much branched. Leaves 3-1 inchlong, 1-3 lines wide. Flowers 4-6
lines in diameter, very pretty in the larger forms, open from 8-9 o’clock, A. M. (St.
Louis, August); earlier than any other species. Capsule with the wing, which is
formed by the enlarged base of the deciduous calyx, 2-23 lines in diameter. — The
seeds of both forms are absolutely identical, so that the difierence in the number of
stamina and stigmata, and in the size and color of the flower, cannot constitute them
distinct species, as Mr. Lindheimer suggests. He adds that the leaves of @ have an
acidulous, and those of # an insipid, mucilaginous taste.

*** Teretifolie: ad axille pilose; caule tereti; foliis plus minus teretibus, basi
paulo productis ; sepalis membranaceis ecarinatis cum operculo capsule mature de-
ciduis ; petalis violaceis; capsulze margine circulari tumido.

4. P. pitosa, L.: sepalis lineari-oblongis, petalis ovato-oblongis obtusis retusis s.
emarginatis duplo brevioribus; staminibus 15-25 stigmatibus 5-6 subzequantibus;
seminibus minutis nigris opacis minute tuberculatis. Texas, New Mexico, Mexico,
ete.— Flowers open from 9-11 or 12 o'clock in bright sunshine, 4-5 lines in di-
ameter: stigmata glandular, hairy on the margins only, purple.

5d. P. Gituresu, Hook.: sepalis orbiculato-ovatis petalis orbiculato-obcordatis
ter quaterve brevioribus; staminibus numerosissimis (60) stigmatibus sub-5 exsertis
longe brevioribus ; seminibus paulo majoribus tuberculatis cinereis nitentibus.—Com-
mon in cultivation, and here and there almost naturalized; originally from Cuili.
Flowers 20 - 24 lines in diameter, open from 8 or 9 to 2 or 3 P. M. in sunshine. Stig-
mata glandular, hairy on the margins and upper surface, yellowish or greenish.

156 Planta Lindheimeriane.

margins of the latter aculeolate-ciliate, or in Lindheimer’s
specimens nearly smooth and naked. It is probably only an
annual, as likewise the next. Mixed with this, in the distri-
bution, and probably forming the whole in many sets, are
fruiting specimens with the upper leaves sparser and the tips
of the branches naked, like a short peduncle. These belong
to the following species, if indeed it be different, and to the
New Braunfels locality there cited.

339. L. uupsonioipes, Planchon J. c. p. 186. New
Braunfels, growing in dense patches, on dry soil, with a rocky
substratum, in naked places in the prairies; May; in fruit;
(distributed under No. 338). In clayey soil, Agua Dulce on
the Matagorda Bay; February, in flower.— The leaves are
less approximated and less squamous than in the preceding ;
the uppermost sparse on the branches, so that the flower, and
especially the fruit, is raised on a manifest peduncle, some-
times of more than half an inch in length. The capsules and
the flowers are larger; the yellow petals nearly five lines in
length. But it too closely resembles L. multicaule, of which
it is perhaps only a variety.

(581.) Linum Beruanprerr (sphalm. Berendieri), Hook.
Bot. Mag. t. 3480; Engelm. & Gr. Pl. Lindh. p.5; Gr.
Pl. Fendl. p. 25, No. 84 (non. 85) ; Planchon in Lond. Jour.
Bot. 7, p. 473; Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 596. L. rigidum, g.
Berendieri, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 204. Stony, dry prairies,
near New Braunfels) May.— Except in the larger size of
the flowers, and the laxer leaves, this species is hard to dis-
tinguish from L. rigidum. Both, I believe, are annuals ; but,
as they flower through a great part of the year, the root hard-
ens, and the base often shows the vestiges of earlier stems,
which have perished ; thus giving it somewhat the appearance
of a perennial. The styles are united either for two-thirds
of their length, or almost to the apex. One of Lindheimer’s
specimens in my set (gathered in 1846) not indistinctly
shows small stipular glands; while that of the Coll. 1847-8
does not. ‘These glands are equally visible in some of the

Plante Lindheimeriane. 157

specimens of No. 85, P/. Fendl., which I should now refer to
L. rigidum, Pursh. I believe that I have also noticed them
in L. Virginianum; but they do not appear in any of the
specimens preserved in my herbarium. ‘The localities from
the eastern parts of the United States, cited from Torr. &
Gr. Fl. N. Amer. by Pianchon under L. Berlandieri, belong
to his L. Boottii, as I suppose does also the whole of what
is called L. rigidum in New England, &c. At least this is
the case with the plant gathered at New Haven by Oakes,
and at Providence by Mr. Olney. The latter is exactly L.
Boottii a. Planchon, l. c. As to his L. Boottii g, from Texas,
by Lindheimer, I fortunately possess a corresponding speci-
men, supplied by Engelmann subsequently to the distribution
of Lindheimer’s former collections, and named “ L. rigidum”
on a ticket bearing the printed number 118, which number
has been erased with the pen. ‘This explains its occurrence
in the same way in herb. Hooker. The root is annual. If it
be a distinct species, as is most likely, still it appears, from
what has already been stated, the stipular glands cannot be
entirely relied upon for a character. Planchon has omitted
to notice the more or less glanduliferous-ciliate margins of the
sepals, which are conspicuous in most cases, and caused the
plant to be referred in the Flora of North America, &c. to
L. rigidum, to which it is very nearly related.

GERANIACEZE.

340. Eropium 'Trxanum (Gr. Gen. Ill. 2, p. 130, t. 150):
bienne v. annuum; caulibus diffusis cinereo-puberulis ; foliis
glabriusculis cordatis crenatis plerumque 3-lobatis, superiorum
lobis lateralibus bifidis, terminali 3—5-fido; pedunculis 3-flo-
ris ; floribus vernalibus petalis purpureis sepala scarioso-mar-
ginata subulato-mucronata duplo superantibus, serotinis ape-
talis; pedicellis calycibusque pube appressa canescentibus
eglandulosis ; carpellis hirsutis lineari-clavatis basi pungenti-
bus.— Small thickets in prairies above Victoria; and in

patches in rocky soil at New Braunfels; March, April. Also
JOURNAL B.S. N. H. 21 JAN. 1860.

158 Plante Lindheimeriane.

the apetalous state (340, in Coll. 1847-8) ; the particular
locality not given. Mr. Wright also gathered it in Texas,
where it appears to abound.— From the Californium E. ma-
crophyllum, Hook. & Am. (the leaves of which are often less
than an inch in diameter,) which it most resembles, this spe-
cies is distinguished by its smaller flowers, more deeply lobed
leaves, more slender carpels, and the close cinereous pubes-
cence of the pedicels and calyx, which are destitute of glan-
dular hairs.
OXALIDACE®.

341. Oxauis vespertiuionis, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 679..
Prairies, Upper Pierdenales. October. Also gathered in
Western Texas by Mr. Wright.

ZYGOPHYLLACEZ.

342. Kauustremia maxima, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 213;
Gr. Gen. Ill. 2, t. 146. Prostrate in clayey soil, near San
Antonio. September.

(582.) Guatacum aneustirotium, Engelm. in Wisliz. Me-
moir, Appx. p. 113; Gr. Gen. Ill. 2, p. 123 (subgen.? Guar-
acipium), t. 149. Western Texas, in fruit; the station not
given.

RUTACEZ.

343. Rurosma Texana, Gr. Gen. Ill. 2, p. 148, t. 155.
Stony prairies, with Cactacee, Upper Guadaloupe. March.
Also detected by Mr. Wright in Texas, and by Dr. Gregg at
Monterey. — Remarkable as the sole representative of the
proper Rutacez in America.

ANACARDIACEZ.

344. Ruvs Copanuina, Linn. var. teucantHa, DC.:
caule 10-pedali; foliis lanceolatis; floribus albis. R. leu-
cantha, Jacg. Rocky precipices, New Braunfels. July.

345. R. Copauuina, Linn. var. ranceoLaTA: foliis lanceo-
latis subfalcatis seepe elongatis integerrimis vel subserratis ;

Plante Lindheimeriane. 159

floribus flavis (pl. submasc. subfoem. fruct.) Rocky soil and
high prairies, New Braunfels. July. Plant from two to
five feet high.

346. R. Toxicopenpron, Linn. ; Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 218.
Thickets and stony prairies, New Braunfels. May, in flower:
September, in fruit. ‘Erect, not climbing.” — This is the
Rhus verrucosa, Scheele in Linnea 21, p. 592, which is com-
pared only with R. aromatica! The ‘“ Verrucee magne sub-
rotund atropurpurex lucid,” of the lower surface of the
leaves, which suggested the name, are merely exudations of
resinous juice caused by the puncture of insects on some
leaves only, as Dr. Engelmann has pointed cut.

+ R. Toxtcopenpron, Linn. var. foliis ramulisque molliter
pubentibus. Thickets, New Braunfels.

347. R. (Logapium) rriuopara, Nuit. in Torr. & Gray,
Fil. 1, p. 219. Rocky soil, margin of high prairies, New
Braunfels; March (in flower); June (in fruit). A slender,
much branched shrub, two to five feet high.

348. R. virens (Lindheimer, Mss.): glabella; foliis sem-
pervirentibus 3—4-jugis cum impari, rachide nuda; foliolis
ovatis oblongisve obtusis v. obtusiuscule acuminatis margine
subrevolutis integerrimis corlaceis supra nitidis subtus pallidis
sub lente minutim tomentulosis; floribus albidis thyrsoideo-
paniculatis ; paniculis axillaribus folio brevioribus ; drupa
rubra hirsuta, putamine lenticulari leevi. — Rocky soil, in open
places, in Cedar woods, New Braunfels, &c. March; in
fruit, August. Mr. Wright sends the same species from
Western Texas; and Dr. Coulter collected it at Zimapan,
Mexico. A well marked species, of the section Sumac.
Leaflets an inch or rather more in length, smooth, except
under a lens, soft to the touch, shining above, thick and
rigidly coriaceous.

MALVACE.

+ Caturrruoe invotucrata, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 14, &
Gen. Ill. 2, p. 53, t. 117. Malva involucrata, Torr. & Gray,
Fi. 1, p. 226. Oak openings, on the Pierdenales. June.

160 Plante Lindheimeriane.

(584.) C. pierrata, Nutt. in Jour. Acad. Philad. 2, p.
181; Gray, Pl. Fendl. l. c., & Gen. Ill. 21, p.53. Nuttallia
digitata, Bart. Fl. N. Amer. 2, t. 63, Hook. Exot. FI. 3, t.
171. Nuttallia cordata, Lindl. Bot. Reg. t. 1938. Prairies
on the Pierdenales, at the margin of woods. May, June.
Also gathered by Mr. Wright. “Root edible, more pleasant
than that of Psoralea esculenta,’ Lindh. — One of the most
showy species of this handsome genus; the petals, over an
inch in length, are beautifully fringed at the summit. The
radical leaves are very various.

349. C. pepata, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 17, (excl. syn. Nut-
tallia digitata, Bart.) & Gen. Ill. 2, p. 53, t. 118. Nuttallia
pedata, Nutt. in Hook. Exot. Fl. 3, t. 172. Dry prairies and
margin of thickets, near Victoria, New Braunfels, and on the
Cibolo, &c. Also abundantly gathered by Mr. Wright.
February, April. —In cultivation, this handsome species pro-
duces its deep cherry-red blossoms through the whole season,
and when supported attains the height of five or six feet.
Although it has been confused with the preceding, it is totally
distinct from it. It has much smaller flowers, leafy stems,
more incised foliage, and a slender, annual or biennial root.

. 350. M. Wricutu, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 21, & Gen. Ill. 2,
p. 60, t. 122. Malva aurantiaca, Scheele, in Linnea, 21, p.
469. Muskit flats, in black and heavy prairie soil. New
Braunfels. July. — The stems are rigid, from a more or less
ligneous base; the rather large, golden yellow flowers open
in the afternoon. The fructiferous calyx is somewhat en-
larged, and expanded, and tinged with brownish-red; the
carpels in the living plant (raised in the Cambridge Botanic
Garden,) are more deeply tinged of the same color. — The
characters of a new species, allied to M. coccineum, are sub-
joined.

1 MaLVASTRUM PEDATIFIDUM (sp. nov.): caulibus e radice perenni diffusis gracili-
bus ramosis ; foliis tripartitis profunde trifidisve pilis stellatis parce hirsutis, segmentis
lateralibus bifidis, terminali subtrilobo, omnibus subpinnatifido-incisis, lobulis denti-

busve patentibus; stipulis subulatis ; floribus sparsis axillaribus et secus ramulos laxe
racemosis ; bracteolis 2 setaceis calyce subduplo brevioribus; carpellis muticis, rostro

Plante Lindheimeriane. 161

351. Matvastrum carprinirotium, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 22.
In sterile soil, New Braunfels, &c. August.—To the syno-
nyms cited in the work above-cited, I have to add that of
Malva Lindheimeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 21, (1848,) p.
470. The flowers open merely during a few hours of the
brightest sunshine.

352. Pavonta Wrieutu, Gray, Gen. Ill. 2, p. 76, t. 130.
P. lasiopetala, Scheele in Linn@a, 21, p. 470. Rocky soil in
Cedar woods, New Braunfels. -Also gathered in Western
Texas, by Mr. Wright, and near Monterey, in Northern
Mexico, by Dr. Edwards and Major Eaton. — A low, shrubby
species, with handsome, rose-colored flowers, which are larger
in the wild than in our cultivated plant, from which the figure
in the Genera Illustrata was made. The seeds are glabrous,
except a little pubescence at the chalaza ; and in some other
respects, also, the species is not very well characterized by
Scheele. His name, from its priority in publication, should
probably be adopted, although so badly chosen ; for the petals,
at most sparingly stellate-pubescent externally, are often
nearly or quite glabrous.

353. A. Texense (Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 231): tomento
minuto molli undique velutino-canescens ; caule (2 —4-pedali)
paniculato; foliis cordatis acutis vel subacuminatis serratis
supra viridulis, ramealibus gradatim minoribus; pedunculis
inferioribus petiolum subzequantibus, summis folio longiori-
bus; corolla lutea; capsula ovoidea obtusa cinerea 8-loculari
apice breviter 8-loba calyce 5-fido demum reflexo multum
longiore ; carpellis erectis obtusiusculis muticis +3-spermis.
— Prairies, &c. in hard and dry soil, New Braunfels. August,
September. Apparently common throughout Texas, and to
Monterey, in Northern Mexico, where it was gathered by Dr.

brevi complanato membranaceo inflexis.— On the Rio Grande, Texas, in dry soil.
Cultivated in the Cambridge Botanic Garden, it flowers through the summer. Stems
a foot or less in height, much more slender than in M. coccineum; the flowers smaller
and paler (between a buff and a brick-color.) The leaves are not canescent, but green
and sparsely stellate-hirsute, and their segments incised or almost pinnatifid ; the lobes
are tipped with a deciduous mucro or short seta.

162 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Gregg. The expanded corolla is two thirds of an inch in
diameter. The larger cauline leaves are from three to four
inches long, on petioles of half that length, They are de-
scribed in the Flora of North America, from the branches
only. 1 do not know the A. Nuttallii.t

354. ApuTILoN HoLoseRicEtM, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p.
471. A. velutinum, Gray, Gen. Ill. 2, p. 67, t. 125. Rocky
soil, along the margin of thickets, New Braunfels, &c.
August, September. Also gathered by Mr. Wright in West-
ern and Southern Texas. — Stem three to six feet high; the
larger leaves nearly a foot in diameter, on petioles six to eight
inches long, very seldom at all lobed. The deep orange-
yellow corolla is over an inch in breadth. The details of the
fruit, &c. are well delineated in the plate cited above. The
anthers are reniform, in the ordinary manner, not three-lobed,
as described by Scheele. ‘The young leaves are quite white ;
the older and larger ones greener. The root is said to be
*Jioneous and perennial?” in the wild plant. In cultivation
it is an annual. |

+ Seu#ratcea LinpHermerr (sp. nov.): Janoso-tomen-
tosa; caulibus decumbentibus basi ut videtur suffruticosis ;
ramis floridis assurgentibus ; foliis cordatis seepius rotundatis
grosse crenatis indivisis ; pedunculis petiolo longioribus ; brac-
teolis involucelli 3 setaceis calycis lobis ovato-lanceolatis acu-
minatis dimidio brevioribus; corolla rosea. — Victoria, on
the lower Guadaloupe ; margin of thickets on the prairie.

1 Near the southwestern borders of Texas, Mr. Wright obtained specimens of the
subjoined species, namely : —

ApuTILON WRiGHTII (sp. nov.): caulibus decumbentibus ramosis viscoso-pubes-
centibus et pilis gracillimis patentibus villosis ; foliis ovato-cordatis obtusiusculis argute
dentatis supra viridulis seabrido-velutinis subtus mollissime niveo-tomentosis ; stipulis
subulatis caducis; pedunculis unifloris petiolum e#quantibus vel superioribus folium
superantibus; calyce tomentoso 5-partito, laciniis sensim acuminatissimis corollam
auream subsequantibus; capsula tomentulosa calyci sequilonga, e carpellis 7 apice
subulato-rostratis 3-spermis. — On the Rio Grande and the Seco, Mr. Charles Wright.
— Stems one or two feet in length; the leaves from one third to an inch and a half
long. Calyx nearly as long as the peduncle. The golden-yellow corolla is over an
inch in diameter when fuily expanded. Capsule half an inch long, not inflated, the
subulate beaks little diverging.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 163

February; just beginning to blossom. Stems a foot long.
Leaves one or two inches broad ; the soft pubescence appear-
ing as if deciduous with age. Calyx deeply 5-cleft; the
lobes half an inch long. ‘The expanded corolla about two
inches in diameter. Stamineal column stellate-hairy. Styles
17-—18, clavate at the tip; the stigmas truncate rather than
capitate. Ovules two or three in each cell. Fruit not seen.

355. Sipa Fiticauis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1, p. 232. S. fili-
formis, Moricand, Pl. Nouv. Amer. p. 38, t. 25. High and
dry prairies and sunny declivities, New Braunfels, &c. June,
August. — Prostrate, in patches, producing very numerous
slender and branching stems from a perennial and somewhat
ligneous root. These, when young, are beset with long,
spreading hairs, which are so slender that they often escape
notice, and are also deciduous from the older stems. Hence
our Texan plant is doubtless the S. filiformis of Moricand,
gathered at Tampico by Berlandier. Moricand’s name is a
little the earlier published; but it appears from Steudel that
there is a prior S. filiformis of Jacquin, which has been over-
looked.?

(583.) S. pHysocatyx (sp. nov.): caulibus e radice car-
nosa crassa plurimis decumbentibus ramosis strigosis; follis
carnosulis ovato-oblongis crenato-dentatis basi 5—7-nerviis

1 Sida anomala 8. Mexicana, Moricand, l. c. p. 36, t. 24, also from Tampico, is
S. fasciculata, Torr. g Gray, Fil. 1, p. 231, which has recently been gathered in
Western Texas, by Mr. Wright. The corolla, in dried specimens, is pink or rose-
color, as is also said by Moricand, and the short, tufted stems spring from a stout pe-
rennial root. Another species, indicated by Dr. Engelmann, I know only from a
fragment, namely : —

Sipa HETEROCARPA, Engelm. Mss.: “stellato-pubescens; caule erecto ramoso;
foliis basi subcordatis obtusis crenato-dentalis, inferioribus lanceolatis, superioribus
linearibus; tubercule subbasi petioli subspinoso; petiolis brevibus stipulas setaceas et
pedicellas solitarias s. fasciculatas superantibus ; carpellis 5 nigris divaricato-birostratis
apice pubescentibus latere tenuiter rugulosis, dorso membrana tenui evanescente clau-
sis.—Road-sides, waste places, Houston, Texas, with S. spinosa. Annual? Flowers
in August and September. Distinguished from S. spinosa by the narrower dentate-
crenate (not xerrat:) leaves, and smaller black (not light brown) carpels, rugulose
(not lacunose-reticulated) on the sides, with a prominent point on the back, broader,
shorter, more divaricate, not erect beaks. The seed escapes through the back, not
through the regular opening at the top.”

164 Plante Lindheimeriane.

subcordatis petiolo subduplo longioribus supra pilis simplicibus
subtus pilis 3—5-partitis appressis parce strigosis, infimis ro-
tundatis, summis sublanceolatis acutis ; stipulis subulatis ;
pedunculis axillaribus unifloris petiolo brevioribus fructiferis
nutantibus; calyce 5-partito membranaceo inflato 5-alato
clauso pedunculum adequantibus, segmentis late ovatis quasi
cordatis; corolla flavida vix exserta; ovario carnoso arcte
depresso 10-lobo pruinoso demum in carpella 10 rotundata
intus subrosirato-producta mutica semini conformia nitida
minute reticulata calyce maximo vesicario inclusa secedenti-
bus.—On the Liano. A well-marked species, apparently
allied to S. physalodes, Pres’; the calyx strikingly inflated,
like a Physalis; the corolla inconspicuous and opening only
for a short time in direct sunshine. It has been cultivated
during the past summer in the Botanic Garden, and it forms
a conical and fleshy perennial root. Specimens have been
gathered by Mr. Wright, and others in Southern Texas, by
Wislizenus, south of El Paso del Norte, and by Dr. Gregg in
Northern Mexico.’

1Three other undescribed Texan species have been detected by Mr. Wr ght
namely : —

Sipa TRAGIZFOLIA (sp. nov.): humilis; caulibus (e radice perenni?) suberectis
petiolisque pube stellata subglutinosa velutinis setisque patentibus gracillimis hispidis ;
foliis ovato-oblongis angulato-cordatis grosse dentatis penninerviis basi 5—7-nervatis
supra parce subtus molliter pubescentibus petiolo gracili (pollicari) vix duplo longio-
ribus, superioribus acutis; stipulis setaceis; pedunculis axillaribus unifloris petiolum —
subzequantibus; corolla supra calycem villosulum paulo excedente; carpellis 10
glabriusculis apice obtuso bipartibilibus summo dorso bicorniculatis. — Raised in the
Botanic Garden, Cambridge, from seeds gathered in southern Texas by Mr. Charles
Wright. The foliage is not unlike that of Tragia urticzefolia. Corolla fugacious,
half an inch in diameter. Carpels short, beakless, bimucronate or bicorniculate on
the back near the apex.

S. FILIPEs (sp. nov.) : furfuraceo-canescens ; caule erecto paniculato gracili: foliis
brevissime petiolatis lanceolatis basi cordatis dentato-serratis obtusiusculis supra velu-
tino-pubescentibus subtus ramulisque cano-tomentosis nunc fulvis vel ferrugineis ; stip-
ulis setaceis petiolum excedentibus ; pedunculis unifloris capillaribus (2-3-pollicari-
bus) foliis longioribus paulo sub flore pendulo articulatis; corolla (purpurea?) caly-
cem subduplo superante; carpellis 7 reticulato-rugosis muticis superne pubescen-
tibus dorso canaliculatis bivalvibus. —On hills above Austin, Texas, Mr. Charles
Wright. Also near Monterey, Mexico, Dr. Edwards and Major Eaton (in Herb.
Torrey).— Base of the slender stems wanting, but apparently it is entirely herba-
* eeous, of two or three feet in height. The leaves are from one and an half to two

Plante Lindheimeriane. 165

356. Metocuta pyramipata, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl.
1. p. 683; Gray, Gen. Ill, 2. t. 134. Upper Guadaloupe, on
rocky soil. August.

357. Hermannra Texana, Gray, Gen. Ill. 2. p. 88. t. 135.
Rocks, on the Upper Guadaloupe; in flower; and in high
rocky prairies on the Salado River ; in fruit, October, (585.)
— This interesting accession to our flora has also been found
on the Rio Grande by Mr. Wright, and in Northern Mexico,
by Dr. Gregg. Since the figure above cited was published,
the plant has flowered in the Cambridge Botanic Garden. I
must remark that the cinnabar-colored corolla is convolute
and erect, not at all spreading at any period, as is represented
in the figure, which was made from a dried specimen. The
plant is suffruticose, with a thickened ligneous root.

VITACEZ.

358. V. rupestrRis, Scheele in Linnaa, 21. p. 591. V.
populifolia, Lindh. ined. Dry, rocky bed of the Cibolo,
Upper Guadaloupe, and other streams; also in rocky prairies
on the Pierdenales; flowering in May; the fruit ripe in July,
August, and September. — Like his other species, this is by

inches long, half an inch or less in width, and much like those of Sphzralcea angusti-
folia. The peduncles are remarkably long and slender, and curved towards the apex,
near the articulation, so that the flower and fruit are pendulous. The calyx is 5-cleft
to the middle ; the lobes rather obtuse. The expanded corolla is only about four lines
in diameter. It is said by Mr. Wright to be “blue;” in the dried specimens it is
dark purple. — The species is probably allied to S. venusta, Schlecht.

S. CUNEIFOLIA (sp. nov.): cano-tomentosa, humilis; caulibus e basi fruticulosa
assurgentibus ramosissimis ; foliis parvulis rotundato-cuneiformibus flabellato 3 - 5-ner-
viis crenato-dentatis repandisve utrinque concoloribus ; stipulis linearibus petiolum
subzequantibus; floribus (flavis) brevissime pedunculatis folio brevioribus ; carpellis
5 pubescentibus membranaceis turgidis apice inter rostra brevia mollia demum bival-
vibus; semine globoso.— In subsaline soil, Texas, about thirty-five miles north-east
of Eagle Pass, on the Rio Grande, September, Mr. Charles Wright. — A well-marked,
low, procumbent species, in foliage and habit not unlike a Hermannia. The soft,
downy leaves are only about half an inch in length and breadth, on petioles of three
or four lines long; the flowers are solitary, or often clustered in the axils, and some-
times scarcely exceed the petioles. The yellow corolla is twice the length of the ca-
lyx, and is half an inch in diameter when expanded. The ovate carpels are membra-
naceous, slightly inflated ; the seed is proportionally large and spherical, as in Abuti-
lon, with the micropyle somewhat rostellate.

JOURNAL B, 8. N. H. 22 JAN. 1350,

166 Planta Lindheimeriane.

no means well characterized by Mr: Scheele. According to
Lindheimer it is called Mountain Grape, and covers large
tracts of rocky soil. It does not climb, but the stems are
upright, and only two or three feet high. The branches are
small, and the berries, of the size of peas only, are black,
very sweet, and the most grateful as well as the earliest
ripened grape of Texas. Dr. Engelmann informs me that he
met with the same species in Western Arkansas, growing in
similar situations. Also that a specimen exists in Michaux’s
Herbarium, on the same sheet with V. riparia. The leaves
are somewhat glaucous, and in appearance between those of
V. riparia and V. vulpina, but much smaller than in either.

359. V. mstivauis, Michx. Fil. 2. p. 230: var. tomento
albo, nec fulvo. Shady banks of streams, New Braunfels,
&c.; flowering in May; the fruit ripein August. ‘ Climbing
high trees. Berries of the size of peas, in large bunches, very
black ; the taste vinous and pleasant. Flowers very odor-
ous.” Lindh. — Under the name of “ V. candicans, (n. sp.,)
Engelm. ined., 1 have from Lindheimer, as also from Mr,
Wright, Texan specimens of what appears to be a variety of
V. Californica, Benth., with the leaves somewhat less dentate
and more densely tomentose underneath.

+ Viris (Cissus) mvcisa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1.
p. 243. New Braunfels, climbing on Muskit trees. July—
September. — Leaves thick and remarkably fleshy.

+ V. vuneina, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, 1. ce. V. rotundi-
folia, Michz. Fl. 2. p. 231. New Braunfels. April.

ACERACEZ.

360. Necunpo aceromwes, Mench.; foliis adultis molliter
pubescentibus. New Braunfels; and banks of the Comale.
March, in flower. August, in fruit.

MALPIGHIACE.

361. Gatpnimia Lintrotia (Gray, Gen. Ill. 2. p. 196. t.
173): humilis; caulibus gracilibus e basi pubescente herba-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 167

ceis glabellis; foliis glabris glaucescentibus lanceolatis vel
linearibus subsessilibus (infimis seepe oblongis vel ellipticis in
petiolum angustatis) juxta basim utrinque uniglandulosis re-
pando-subdenticulatis vel integerrimis ; racemis laxis ; pedi-
cellis basi articulatis; petalis flavis cito rubris. — Rocky hills
and prairies of the Upper Guadaloupe. July — September.
Also found by Mr. Wright; and in Northern Mexico by Dr.
Edwards and Major Eaton. Stems from one to two feet in
height.?

SAPINDACEZ.

362. Aiscutus Pavia, 8. piscotor, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1.
p. 252. Pavia discolor, Pursh. Banks of the Comale Creek,
March. “Shrub 6—10 feet high: flowers red or yellow.”

363. Unenapra speciosa, Endl. Atakt. Bot. t. 36, & Nov.
Stirp. Dec. p. 86; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p.684; Gray, Gen.
Ill. 2. p. 211, t. 178, 179. U. heterophylla, Scheele in Linnea,
21. p. 589; sphalm. pro U. heptaphylla, Scheele, l. c. 22. p.
352. In bottom-woods, New Braunfels. March; sometimes
flowering again in August. ‘“ Shrub 3 to 20 feet high, with
many long stems, 1 to 3 inches thick, branching only at the
top. Fruit sweet and pleasant, but emetic.” Lindh. Its pop-
ular name is Spanish Buckeye. — “ The fertile flowers and the
fruit, although for several years known to us, have not until
now been illustrated or described, except by Adolf Scheele,
who has published a description, from Lindheimer’s speci-
mens, in the Linnea, during the past year. The flowers

1 On the southwestern border of Texas, Mr. Wright has detected a Malpighiace-
ous plant, which proves to be a third species of Aspicarpa, namely : —

ASsPICARPA HYSSOPIFOLIA (sp. nov.): caulibus e radice lignescente plurimis erectis
(6-12-pollic.) ; foliis lineari-lanceolatis basi rotundatis subcordatisve sessilibus ; pedi-
cellis axillaribus solitariis ; petalis rotundatis eximie crispato-fimbriatis. — On the Rio
Grande and Rio Seco, Texas, Mr. Charles Wright.— Leaves scarcely an inch long,
one to two lines wide; the midrib and margins hispid-ciliate. Flowers about one
third the size of those of A. Hartwegiana; the petaliferous ones scattered in the axils
(not umbellate at the summit of the stem), and fructiferous, either two or three car-
pels ripening. These are much as.in A. Hartwegiana, but smaller, more upright and
acute, deeply umbilicate at the insertion. Fruit from the abnormal, apetalous flowers
not seen.

168 Plante Lindheimeriane.

which Endlicher happened to examine were pentapetalous,
which is not the more usual case; and he erroneously states
the plant to form a large tree, whereas it is commonly a slen-
der shrub, of five or ten feet in height, or at most a small
tree. Misled by these discrepancies, and by the differences
of the two kinds of flowers, and, it would seem from his
description, happening to possess tetrasepalous as well as
tetrapetalous flowers (although there are five sepals in all
my Lindheimerian and other specimens,) Mr. Scheele has
wrongly introduced a second species, under the name of U. .
heterophylla. The leaflets vary from five, or even three, on
the earlier leaves, to seven.” Gen. Jil. l. c.—In seedling
plants, raised in the Cambridge Botanic Garden, I have
noticed a lusus of the earliest leaves, in which the leaflets
are confluent.

(586.) U. speciosa, Endl. Finer specimens of both sexes ;
from New Braunfels.

(587.) Sapinpus mareinatus, Willd.; Torr. & Gray, Fl.
1. p. 255; Gray, Gen. Ill. 2. t. 180. New Braunfels. June,
(in flower.)

RHAMNACEZ.

364. Zizypnus optusirotia, Gray, Gen. Ill. 2. p. 170. t.
163. Rhamnus obtusifolius, Hook. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1.
p. 685. Paliurus Texanus, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 580.
Bottom woods of Comale Creek, New Braunfels, &c. ; com-
mon. A shrub or small tree, with slender shoots and green-
ish-white bark; several times flowering between March and
September. No. (588) is the same plant in flower, and in
ripe fruit, the fruit ripening the season after flowering.!

1 Another species, gathered by Dr. Gregg between Matamoros and Mapimi, may ”
be thus characterized : —

ZiZYPHUS LYCIOIDES (sp.nov.): glabrata; ramis valde spinosis; foliis oblongo-
‘linearibus parvis integerrimis coriaceis ; pedunculis brevissimis 3 -5-floris; drupa sub-
globosa monosperma. — The sharp and straight thorns are from one to two inches in
length: the specimen shows no stipular spines. Leaves halfan inch long, one or two
lines wide, obtuse. Fruit, of the size of that of the Buckthorn, said by Dr. Gregg to
be black and edible.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 169

365. Cotuprina Texensis: caule ramosissimo, ramulis
divaricatis cinereis ; foliis elliptico-cuneatis oblongisve glandu-
loso-denticulatis breviter petiolatis alternis plerumque in nodos
fasciculatis supra pubescentibus nunc glabratis subtus sericeo-
villosis fulvis penniverviis basi trinervatis ; pedunculis fascicu-
latis paucis petiolo longioribus calyceque (laciniis patentibus)
villosis. — Rhamnus? Texensis, Torr. & Gray, Fil. 1. p. 263.
— Prairies and borders of woods on the Guadaloupe and
Comale. (Also communicated by Mr. Wright.) Flowers in
May; fruits in June. — Shrub 2 to 5 feet high, rigid. Leaves
three fourths of an inch long. Pedicels two to four together
from the centre of the cluster of leaves, two or three lines
long in flower, in fruit becoming half an inch or more in
length. Calyx-tube adherent to the ovary and filled with the
broad annular disk; the lobes widely spreading, broadly tri-
angular-ovate, nearly herbaceous. Petals unguiculate, shorter
than the subulate-filiform filaments, scarcely equalling the
calyx. Styles three, sometimes four, united at the base,
stigmatose on the inner face above. Ovary immersed in the
adherent disk. Fruit dry and capsular at maturity, tricoc-
cous, somewhat three-lobed, globular, girt at the base by the
persistent and adherent base of the calyx, three-seeded.
Seeds lenticular, plano-convex, shining. Cotyledons plane;
albumen very thin. This shrub, of which we at length are
provided with complete specimens, has nearly the flowers of
a Zizyphus, but the fruit of a Ceanothus. It appears to be a
genuine Colubrina.

366. Conpauia opovata, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 287; Torr. &
Gray, Fl. 1. p. 685; Gray, Gen. Ill. 2. t. 164. “On slopes,
near watercourses; common from Matagorda Bay to New
Braunfels. — Shrub, or small tree, sometimes 20 to 30 feet
high, with a trunk one foot in diameter. Flowers very
sparse. August, September. THe wood dyes blue. Called
here Blue-wood or Logwood.” No. (589) is the same plant,
in flower and fruit.

170 Plante Lindheimeriane.

+ Ceanotuus ovatus, Bigel. Fl. Bost. ed. 2. p. 92. C.
ovatus, Desf. Arb. 2. p. 381. Rocky heights, along the
Pierdenales and Sabinas. June (in fruit.) |

LEGUMINOS.

(590.) Victa Leavenwortau, Torr. & Gr.l.c. W. Texas.

367. Puasrouus retusus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. No. 59, p.
11. P. maculatus, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 465. On rocky
or gravelly soil in the dry bed of the Cibolo River. June,
September. “Prostrate; the stems often running for twenty
feet.” In cultivation it is more or less voluble. The leaflets
are thicker in texture and more reticulated than those of P.
perennis, not acuminate, but obtuse or many of them retuse.
They are more dilated at the base than in my specimen of
Hartweg’s plant, but otherwise, there is little perceptible dif-
ference. Mr. Wright met with it all the way to the Rio
Grande, and Dr. Wislizenus in Chihuahua.

+ P. piversirotius was found on the Liano; and Aptos
rusEeRosA and Curroria Mariana on the Pierdenales.

368. Gatactia Texana: procumbens, subvolubilis, cine-
reo-tomentosa, trifoliolata; foliolis ovalibus retusis setaceo-
mucronatis supra cinereo-puberulis subtus sericeo-canescenti-
bus; racemis paucifloris folio brevioribus petiolum raro supe-
rantibus ; legumine eximie falcato sericeo folia excedentébum\|€
—Lablab Texanus, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 467. — New
Braunfels. August. Root ligneous. Leaflets 1 to 1} inch
long, in appearance intermediate between those of G. mollis
and G. canescens, less whitened beneath than in the latter.
Flowers little larger than those of G. mollis, with hirsute, more
attenuated and longer calyx-lobes. Legumes 2% inches long,
linear, strongly falcate, densely silky, 9—10-seeded. I do
not observe the muricate-tuberculate sutures mentioned by
_ Scheele. Seeds oval, chestnut-colored, with a brown hilum,
not strophiolate. The species is nearest allied to what I take
to be G. mollis, Micha. Mr. Scheele, with his usual wisdom,
provisionally refers the plant (without fruit) to Lablab !

Plante Lindheimeriane. 171

369. Ruynonosta Texana, Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 687.
New Braunfels; prostrate, or climbing over bushes. August.
It has the aspect of a Galactia.

370. Gavactia canescens, Benth. Comm. Legum. Gen.
p. 62; Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1. p. 288, & p. 687. Heterocarpza
Texana, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 467. Rocky soil, New
Braunfels. June,September. ‘ Often flowering a second time
after the rains in September, as is the case with many other
plants.” — Stems creeping; many of the racemes becoming
subterranean, and bearing globular, membranaceous legumes
which are filled by a single large seed; while the legumes
which fructify above ground are linear-oblong, canescent, and
4—5-seeded; as is mentioned in the Fl. N. Amer. p. 687.
On this Mr. Scheele has founded his new genus Heterocar-
pea, which he thinks is very distinct from any other known!

(591.) G. HETEROPHYLLA (sp. nov.): cano-sericea; cauli-
bus gracilibus e basi suffruticosa decumbentibus; foliolis
oblongis subcuneatis obtusis retusisve mucronulatis, aut 3 late-
ralibus a terminali paulo remotis brevissime petiolulatis, aut
in plurimis 4 —5, accessoriis cum lateralibus digitatim insertis ;
racemis brevibus paucifloris ; calycis laciniis triangulari-oblon-
gis sericeis corolla multo brevioribus, superiore bidentato ;
legumine puberulo recto inferne angustato 3 —6-spermo. — On
the Liano, October. — Remarkable for its prevailingly 4 —5-
foliolate leaves, although some in each specimen are only
3-foliolate ; the additional leaflets are mostly rather smaller
than the others, and inserted with the lateral pair. Stems 6
to 20 inches long. Leaflets half an inch long, thickish, silky-
canescent, especially underneath, with a closely appressed and
silvery pubescence ; the veins rather prominent underneath.
Stipules subulate: stipels deciduous. Peduncles 1 —4-flow-
ered. Corolla nearly half an inch long, fully twice the length
of the calyx; the vexillum appears to have been pale yellow!
the other petals rose-color. Legume 1} inches long. Seeds,
style, &c. as in the genus to which I refer this in some
respects anomalous species.

172 Plante Lindheimeriane.

371. Sespanra macrocarpa, Muhl.; Torr. & Gr. Fl.1.
p- 293. Banks of Comale Creek. August, September.

(592.) Tepnrosia LinpuHeimert (sp. nov.): caule pros-
trato nunc adscendente flexuoso ramoso pube brevi tomentu-
loso; foliolis 7-13 late obovatis cuneatisve sepe retusis mu-
cronulatis subtus preesertim incano-sericeis; stipulis brevibus
subulatis; racemis laxe multifloris; lobis calycis subulatis
tubo sublongioribus ; legumine pube brevi densa velutino. —
Muskit prairies, on the Liano. August. (Also gathered by
Mr. Wright in Western Texas.) Stems rather stout, 3 or 4
feet long, from a tuberous and ligneous root. Leaflets 8 to 12
or sometimes 18 lines in length, roundish-obovate or broadly
cuneiform ; the pairs rather distant on the rachis. Raceme
7-9 inches long, exceeding the leaves, 20—30-flowered.
Corolla nearly as large as that of T’. onobrychoides, over half
an inch broad, purple.

372. Psoravea cusprpaTa, Pursh. Fl. 2, p. 741; Torr. &
Gr. Fl. 1, p. 688. P. cryptocarpa, Torr. & Gr. l. c. p. 301.
P. Reemeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 463.1 New Braun-
fels; sparsely on rocky prairies. May, June. “Flower
entirely blue.”” — The caudex or root often bears a globular
tuber, as in P. esculenta, &c. The spikes become oblong or
cylindrical, and looser in fruit ; the bracts are ovate-oblong or
obovate, and abruptly cuspidate-acuminate ; the calyx is some-
what gibbous, and its lower lobe soon elongated; points in
which the species is not quite correctly described in the Flora.
The legume is utricular, membranaceous and fragile.

(593.) PsoraLea cypHocaLyx (sp. nov.): striguloso-sub-
cinerea, caulibus e caudice lignescente tuberifero erectis sim-
plicibus; foliis digitatis 3—5-foliolatis; foliolis linearibus
(majoribus 3-pollicaribus) mucronulatis supra glabratis nigro-
glandulosis; stipulis subulatis; spicis longiuscule pedunculatis

1 The Indigofera Lindheimeriana, Scheele in Linnea, I. c. is evidently I. Anil, L.
8. polyphylla, DC., which I have from Texas by Mr. Wright (although neither Dr.
Engelmann nor I have received it from Mr. Lindheimer,) and also from South Caro-
lina, where, according to Mr. Ravenel it occurs not uncommonly in cultivated fields.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 173

interrupte multifloris fasciculis approximatis; bracteis ovatis
acuminatis; calycis tubo valde obliquo postice saccato pedi-
cillum bis terve excedente, lobis lanceolatis acuminatis mar-
gine albo-villosis, superioribus ultra dimidium coalitis. —
Rocky prairies on the Cibolo and Pierdenales, growing
sparsely. May, June (in flower.) —Caudex perpendicular,
dilated below the summit into a globular tuber, of nearly an
inch in diameter. Stem 2 to 3 feet high, simple, or sparingly
paniculate at the summit. Lower petioles nearly as long as
the leaflets ; the latter 2 or 3 lines wide. Spikes dense, one or
two inches long. Flowers apparently pale purple, fully half
an inch in length; the pedicels scarcely a line long. Calyx
conspicuously glandular; the tube remarkably one-sided,
nearly straight on the lower side, but strongly gibbous-saccate
or almost calcarate on the upper! The free apices of the
nine filaments are very short, all antheriferous; five of them
spatulate, the four intermediate triangular and _ shorter.
Ovary glabrous. Fruit not seen.

(594.) P. nypocma, Nutt., var. scaposa: pedunculis petio-
los v. folia equantibus, 11-2! unc. longis. — Stony soil, hills
on the Pierdenales, near Fredericksburg. April. (Western
Texas, Mr. Charles Wright.) — Tuber globular or pointed
upwards, sending forth a slender caudex, beset with membra-
nous scales. From the Canadian River we have specimens
gathered by Mr. Gordon, which are intermediate, as to the
length of the peduncle, between the Texan plant and that
described by Nuttall.

373. P. rLoripunpa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p.
300. Prairies on Comale Creek. In black, clayey soil,
New Braunfels, ‘growing in patches, many stems from the
same base, forming a large and dense bush.” June. — May
not this rather than P. obtusiloba (of which Mr. Wright has
sent characteristic specimens from Texas,) be the P. tenui-
jlora of Pursh and Nuttall ?

374. EysennarpTiA amMorPHorpEes, H. B. K. Nov. Gen.
& Sp. 6. p. 491, t. 592; Schauer in Linnea, 20, p. 747. E.

JOURNAL B.S. N. H. 23 JAN, 1850.

174 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Drummondii, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 690, sine descr. E.
Texana, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 462. — Rocky precipices,
Upper Guadaloupe. August. Also gathered by Mr. Wright.
‘Shrub 4 to 7 feet high.” Vexillum barely emarginate.
Style little curved at the apex. Ovary with two collateral
ovules. Legume linear and arcuate or sabre-shaped, com-
pressed, 5 or 6 lines long, sessile, glandular, dotted, with a
single oblong seed pendulous from near the apex, empty
below, agreeing with those of E. amorphoides, as described
by Schauer, and as observed in Mexican specimens of Coul- ®
ter’s Collection. ‘The foliage is rather smoother, the vexillum
less notched, and the style less hooked than in the Hartwe-
gian specimens of E. amorphoides ; but those of Coulter and
of Dr. Edwards are intermediate ; so that I have no reason to
think that the Texan plant is a distinct species. ‘The tenth
stamen is scarcely free in either. All the specimens show an
oval gland near the apex of the style.—A second species,
however, with a 4-ovulate ovary, gathered by Dr. Wislizenus,
has been characterized by Dr. Engelmann, as below.

+ Amorpua FruTicosa, Linn.; var. subglabra; foliolis el-
lipticis retusis supra nitidis. — On a creek near F'redericks-
burg. June.—One of the forms of this polymorphous spe-
cies, nearly the same as the A. nana, Bot. Mag. t. 2112.

(595.) A. rruticosa, Linn.; var. subglabra; foliolis ob-
longis seu lineari-oblongis. A. Lewisii, Lodd.! Cat. — New
Braunfels. Like the last, except that the leaflets are narrower
and seldom retuse. I know of no constant characters for
distinguishing A. glabra, Desf., A. Caroliniana, Croome,

1 “E, spinosa (n. sp.): fruticosa; ramis squakgosis rachidi spicarum persistente AA
lignosa spinosis; foliis 6-8-jugis ; foliolis minutis ovatis acutis adpresse pilosis ; spicis
paucifloris; calycis obconico-campanulati dentibus triangularibus obtusis insequali-
bus; vexillo profunde bilobo; staminibus subdiadelphis; ovario 4-ovulato et stylo
apice uncinato pilosis.— On Lake Encinillas, north of Chihuahua, Dr. Wislizenus ;
in flower, August and September. — A rough looking, in many respects, remarkable
shrub, 2-3 feet high, with black bark. Leaves 4 to 6 or 7 lines long: leaflets 1-13
lines long. Spikes an inch long, with a stout persistent rachis: flowers at first white,
then rose-colored : uppermost (vexillary) filament shortest and almost free, adhering to
the tube only at its base: style strongly hooked.” — Engelm. Mss.

Plante Lindheimeriane. * 175

A. nana, Nutt., Bot. Mag., and A. levigata, Nutt. from A. fru-
ticosa. The A. Romeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 461,
is doubtless a form of A. fruticosa or of A. paniculata.

375. Datea LaxirLora, Pursh. Fl. 2. p. 741; Torr. &
Gray, Fl. 1. p. 307. D. penicillata, Moric. Pl. Nouv. Amer.
t.45. Dry and rocky prairies, between the Rio Colorado
and Guadaloupe. June, in flower. September, in fruit.

+ D. rogonarnera, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 31. On the
Liano. October.—Stems a span high, numerous, from
a thickish, apparently perennial root. Vexillum violet-pur-
ple.

+ D. aurea, Nutt. Gen. 2. p. 101. Dry prairies, Upper
Guadaloupe. June.

+ D. nana; Torr. in Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 31. Post-Oak-
openings, on the Pierdenales. June. Also gathered by Mr.
Wright on the Rio Grande, and by Mr. Gordon on the Ar-
kansas.

376. D. rrutescens (sp. nov.): glaberrima; caulibus lig-
nescentibus ramosis glandulis tuberculiformibus raris obsitis ;
foliolis 6—8-jugis glaucescenti-eruginosis obovatis retusis
obcordatisve manifeste petiolulatis subtus (rachique in foliis
summis submarginata) grosse glandulosis; spicis paniculatis
brevibus paucifloris ; bracteis coriaceis ovatis muticis glandu-
losis calycem vix equantibus caducis; tubo calycis sessili
glabro glandulis magnis cerinis ornato, dentibus brevibus tri-
angulato-subulatis margine villosis; corolla violacea, carina
maxima vexillo plus duplo longiore. — Rocky hills, and high
plains, along the margin of thickets, on the Guadaloupe,
Sabinas, and Pierdenales. July, August. (Western Texas,
and on the Rio Grande, Mr. Charles Wright. Monterey,
N. Mexico, Dr. Edwards in Herb. Torr.) This is a shrubby
species, a foot or two in height, and totally distinct from D.
citriodora, for which I at first mistook it. ‘The flowers are
more like those of D. nutans, but they are much fewer,
sessile, the calyx remarkably glandular; the leaflets are of
a different form, not at all crenate; and there is a gland,

176 Plante Lindheimeriane.

instead of a subulate stipel, on the rachis at the insertion of
each leaflet.!

(596.) AsrracaLus caryocarpus, Ker, Bot. Reg. t. 176;
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 331. Clayey soil, near Victoria.
February, in flower. Also (598) in Western Texas, in flower
and fruit.

(597.) A. Mexicanus, Alph. DC. Pl. Rar. Hort. Genev.
not. 5. p.17.t. 3. A. trichocalyx, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray,
Fl.l.c. Prairies on the Lower Guadaloupe, west of Victoria.
February, in flower. — This and the last species, although
often confounded in herbaria, are manifestly distinct in the
living state. A. caryocarpus has more strigose and somewhat
canescent, oblong or linear-oblong leafiets, close and fine
hairs on the calyx, sometimes blackish, a violet purple corolla,
the flower about two thirds of an inch long, and ovate pointed
legumes, which are seldom more than two thirds of an inch
in diameter. A. Mexicanus is a larger plant in all its parts,
with smoother and greener foliage; the leaflets varying from
roundish-obovate to oblong; the flowers an inch long; the
calyx villous, (often very densely) with soft, white hairs; the
corolla barely tinged above with pale violet, or nearly white ;
and the very turgid globose-ovoid legumes are obtuse and
over an inch in diameter.’ |

1 Petalostemon virgatum, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 461, is plainly the No. 42, Pl.
Lindh. and No. 137, Pl. Fendl., viz. a pubescent variety of P. violaceum, perhaps
connecting that species with P. decumbens. The leaves in some specimens are in-
deed 7-foliolate, in others both 5-foliolate and 3-foliolate.— Trifolium Reemerianum,
Scheele, 1. c. is manifestly the T. amphianthum, Torr. § Gray, FV. 1. p. 316.

2 This Texan plant is clearly De Candolle’s A. Mexicanus; but Dr. Engelmann
thinks it distinct from the A. trichocalyx, of Missouri; on account of the still larger
and pale purple flowers, and shorter calyx-teeth. The remarks above are chiefly
founded on living plants of A. trichocalyx and A. caryocarpus, raised from seeds
furnished by Dr. Engelmann from St. Louis.

Mr. Wright has communicated specimens of a new Texan species of Astragalus,
and also seeds from which the plant has been raised, during the past summer in the
Cambridge Botanic Garden.

AstTraGALUs WRiGHTII (sp. nov.): annuus, pumilus, hirsuto-canescens; caule
subsimplici ; stipulis subulatis liberis ; foliolis 3- 5-jugis oblongis acutiusculis; pedun-
culis folio longioribus paucifloris; floribus capitatis; calyce hirsutissimo, lobis lineari-
subulatis attenuatis corollam violaceam superantibus Jegumine oblongo hirsuto sub-
tereti fere biloculari 6-4-spermo dimidio brevioribus.— Texas, near Austin, Mr. -

Plante Lindheimeriane. 177

(599.) Zornia TeTRapHytua, Michx. Fl. 2. p. 76. Post-
Oak openings west of the Pierdenales. June.

(600.) Lupisus Texensts, Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 3492.
New Braunfels. Not distinct, I fear, from DL. subcarnosus.

377. Cercis occrpentatis (Torr. ined.): frutex; foliis
subreniformibus obtusissimis ; leguminibus oblongis obtusissi-
mis breviter apiculatis vix stipitatis. — C. Siliquastrum, var.
Benth. Pl. Hartw. No. 1706, p. 307. — Var. fioribus etiam
paulo minoribus, foliis supra nitidioribus. C. reniformis, En-
gelm. Mss. Rocky plains of the Upper Guadaloupe. March,
in flower; June, with ripe fruit. A shrub, forming thickets,
never becoming a tree.— This is entirely distinct from C.
Canadensis ; but does not differ from the Californian plant of
Fremont and of Hartweg, except that the flowers are a little
smaller still, being no larger than those of C. Canadensis,
and the full-grown leaves are rather thicker and more shining
above. The Texan and the Californian plants agree in their
short and scarcely stipitate pods (only 2 or 23 inches long,
and two thirds of an inch broad,) which character, with the
size of the flowers, would seem abundantly to distinguish it
from C. Siliquastrum, the legumes of which, including the
manifest stipe, are six, or at least five inches in length. (Dr.

Charles Wright. — The plants from seeds sown in the spring blossom from midsum-
mer to autumn. Stem a span high, seldom branched. Leaflets 4 lines long, the
upper surface sparsely, the lower densely beset, like the stem, &c., with villous-
hirsute loosely appressed hairs. Peduncles in fruit 2 or 3 incheslong. Legumes
half an inch long, densely hirsute, straight, rather acute, tipped with the short style,
often carrying away the inconspicuous corolla upon its apex as it enlarges, nearly
erect, only three or four produced in each capitulum, scarcely twice the length of the
persistent subsessile calyx. Bracts subulate, the lower resembling the calyx-lobes.—
Mr. Wright has also detected Oxytropis Lamberti, Pursh, in Western Texas; and
likewise a unifoliolate Desmodium, namely : —

Desmopium Wricuti (sp. nov.): caulibus gracilibus ramosis puberulis; foliis .

unifoliolatis breviter petiolatis; foliolo membranaceo oblongi-ovato obtuso basi subcor-

dato fere glabro; stipulis stipellisque subulatis minimis; racemis rats omento if yA
3-4-articulato breviter stipitato, articulis inzequilateris ovalibus. — Austin, Fp:

Mr. Charles Wright.— Stems one or two feet high. Leaves veiny, wale and
minutely pubescent underneath, mucronulate ; the lower two inches long, on petioles

half an inch long; the upper successively narrower and smaller, on shorter petioles.
Legume less than an inch long; the stipe as long as the stamineal tube.

178 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Gregg has gathered fruiting specimens of the same plant in
the high lands near Saltillo, Mexico, in 1848.) — Dr. Engel-
mann states that it is peculiar to the limestone districts of
Middle 'Texas. 4

378. SopHora (Srypunovopium) arrinis, Torr. & Gray,
Fl. 1. p. 390. Margin of Cotton-wood groves along the Rio
Colorado, above Bastrop: August (in fruit); also near New
Braunfels and San Antonio, common; April, in flower. —
‘¢ A small tree, 10 to 12 feet high, the trunk 4 to 8 inches in
diameter, rarely a small shrub; the annual shoots with green
bark, fragile; the wood very heavy.” Leaflets less than an
inch long, nearly of the same hue both sides, retuse or very
obtuse. No. 6Q1 is the same plant, from New Braunfels.

379. SopHora (DermaTorHYLium) speciosa, Benth. Mss.
Dermatophyllum speciosum, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 459.
Sophora sempervirens, Engelm. Mss. ‘‘On the western part
of Matagorda Bay, where it forms groves. Also sparsely on
rocky hills, margins of Cedar woods along the Guadaloupe,
near New Braunfels, &c. Flowers in February. <A small
tree, about 30 feet high; the wood yellow, hard, and heavy,
called lignum-vite. Flowers, showy, blue, sweet-scented, ex-
haling nearly the fragrance of violets. The tree forms small
groves on the shores of Matagorda Bay, where it is the only
fire-wood. ‘The wood dyes yellow.” Also gathered by Ber-
landier, and by Mr. Wright. The large, woody pods, two
to four inches long, are sometimes constricted between the
seeds, sometimes barely torose. Mr. Bentham remarks, in
Herb. Torr., that, “at present Dermatophyllum can only be
admitted as a section to include S. speciosa, S. secundiflora,
and an intermediate species collected by Dr. Gregg in North-
ern Mexico, until the pods of all the genus are better known.”
— No. (602) is the same species from New Braunfels, flow-
ering in March, either a shrub or a small tree.

(603.) Horrmanseceia Jamesur, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p.
393; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 38. Stony soil on the Liano.
October; the second flowering, after the burning of the

Plante Lindheimeriane. 179

prairies. Shrubby, many stems form a large ligneous root,
one or two feet high. Upper surface of the leaves smooth,
and with the petals, destitute of the black glands. “ Petals
yellow ; stamens red.”’!

380. Cassia (Cuammsenna) Linpuetmertana (Scheele in
Linnea, 21. p. 457): perennis, undique tomento sericeo mol-
lissimo albicans ; foliolis 6-8-jugis oblongis utrinque obtusis
basi inzequalibus aristato-mucronatis subtus argenteo-sericeis ;
glandula cum stipite tomentoso setiformi inter omnia paria;
stipulis subulatis caducis; racemis folium equantibus pluri-
floris; legumine lato-lineari complanato parce pilosulo. —
Rocky plains and margin of woods, New Braunfels, &c.
September. Also found by Mr. Wright from San Marcos to
the Rio Grande.— Stems 4 or 5 feet high, from a thick,
perennial root, clothed like the petioles, peduncles, stipules,
&c. with a dense velvety tomentum. Leaflets from one to
nearly two inches in length, silky above, silvery-sericeous
beneath, tipped with a very conspicuous mucro. The seti-
form gland, with its stipe, between each pair, is a line long.
Petals golden yellow with dark veins, half an inch in length.
Anthers 7, chocolate-colored ; the three upper stamens rudi-
mentary. Legumes 2 inches long, over 2 lines wide. Seeds
as in the section. — A species apparently allied to C. argentea
and C. mollissima, H. B. K.

1 The subjoined, very distinct species, comes from the southern borders of Texas.

HoFFMANSEGGIA CAUDATA (sp. nov.): frutescens; ramis glaberrimis superne ra-
chique foliorum glandulis minimis rariter conspersis ; foliis bipinnatis ; pinnis 2- 3-
jugis abrupte 8-10-foliolatis, cum impari elongata 24-30-juga; foliolis glaberrimis
omnino glandulosis rotundatis oblique subcordatis venosis; stipulis bracteisque cadu-
cis; racemo sparsifloro; legumine acinaciformi dilatato glanduloso.— Sandy soil,
between the Nueces and the Rio Grande, Texas, Mr. Charles Wright. August,
September. — This species is remarkable for its smoothness (some small tack-shaped
glands only occurring on the calyx, or a few still minuter ones scattered on the upper
part of the branches and the petioles,) and for the elongation of the terminal pinna,
which is two or three inches in length, and bears many pairs of leaflets; while the
lateral ones are scarcely an inch long. The leaflets are about two lines in length,
thickish, obscurely mucronulate, subsessile, oblique. Raceme sparsely 6 -9-flowered.
Legume nearly two inches long and two thirds of an inch wide, flat, reticulated, fur-
furaceous-glandular, and roughened with subsessile blackish glands. There are no
expanded flowers ; the raceme of one specimen bears unopened flower-buds.

180 Plante Lindheimeriane.

381. C. (Caamasenna) Remerrana, (Scheele, l. c.): caule
suffruticoso cinereo-pubescente ; foliolis unijugis e basi ine-
quilatera rotundata lanceolatis acutiusculis mucronatis supra
puberulis subtus strigoso-pubescentibus ; glandula subulata in-
terposita ; stipulis setaceis caducis ; racemis paucifloris folium
superantibus ; legumine lineari-oblongo basi attenuato sub-
falcato glabello.— Rocky plains of the Upper Guadaloupe.
August. Also communicated by Mr. Wright.— Plant one
or two feet high, much branched. Leaflets about two inches
long, gradually tapering from the rounded inzquilateral base,
sometimes a little falcate, beneath somewhat cinereous with
fine strigose hairs. Petals yellow, with brownish veins, one
third of an inch in length. Legumes an inch or little more
long, with a prominent border, minutely and sparsely strigose.*

+ C. puminio (sp. nov.): subcaulescens e caudice lignes-
cente, strigulosa ; foliolis unijugis linearibus subtrinervatis ;
glandula nulla; petiolo in appendicem setaceam producto ;
stipulis setaceo-subulatis petiolo basi adnatis rigidis persis-
tentibus; pedunculis unifloris folio longioribus infra apicem
unibracteatis; sepalis obtusissimis; staminibus 3 superioribus
difformibus castratis; ovario glaberrimo ; fructu ignoto.— On
the Liano and Pierdenales. ‘Only two small specimens
were seen.” Rio Grande, Texas, Mr. Charles Wright. 'The
caudex of this singular dwarf species scarcely rises out of the

1 From the Rio Grande, Texas, as well as from Northern Mexico, we have the sub-
joined species, which is said by Mr. Bentham (in Herb. Torr.) to be “a very distinct,
new species, apparently near C. bauhinieefolia.” It belongs, however, to the section
Chameesenna.

Cassia (CHAM#SENNA) BAUHINIOIDES (sp. nov.): humilis, suffruticosa, hirsuto-
sericea; foliolis unijugis rariusve bijugis oblongis vel subovatis utrinque rotundatis
ineequilateris sericeo-canescentibus; glandula interposita; stipulis setaceis persisten- -
tibus ; pedunculis 2-3-floris; legumine membranaceo turgido rectiusculo hirsuto. —
On the Rio Grande, Texas, August (in fruit,) Mr. Charles Wright. Santa Rosa-
lia, Northern Mexico, May (in flower only,) Dr. Gregg. Between El Paso and Chi-
huahua, August, Dr. Wislizenus. — The plant of Dr. Wislizenus is 10 inches high,
larger in all its parts and less canescent than the other specimens, which are from
three to six inches high. The peduncles in the latter are shorter than the leaves.
The three upper stamens are rudimentary; the linear-oblong anthers open only by a
terminal pore. Legumes an inch long, slightly curved upwards, very obtuse, and
with an incurved apiculate tip.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 181

ground. Leaves crowded. Leaflets an inch or less in
length, one to two lines wide, rather rigid, as long as the
petiole. Peduncle one or two inches long, slender. Corolla
two thirds of an inch in diameter, pale yellow in the speci-
mens. The seven perfect anthers open by a terminal pore ;
the three upper stamens are abortive, as in the section Cha-
meesenna, to which, so far as can be told in the absence of
the fruit, this species would seem to belong.

382. Auearopia GLANDULOSA, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 399.
Common on the Guadaloupe, &c. May, in flower; August,
with unripe fruit. —The Muskit “forms open woods in
high, rocky plains, and wet, clayey bottoms. ‘Trees from 30
to 40 feet high, with few and large, erect branches; the
trunk often from one to two and a half feet in diameter ;
the heart-wood dark reddish brown; but often occurring as a
small tree or shrub. Important as furnishing the only fire-
wood in Western Texas; also for its edible fruit.” Lnd-
heimer. — The foliage appears different from that of A. dulcis,
Benth., in Hartweg’s Mexican Collection.

383. Mimosa Linpuermeri (sp. nov.): fruticosa, glabra,
v. sub lente minutim puberula ; aculeis infrastipularibus vali-
dis geminis (nunc solitariis ternisve) recurvis, petiolaribus
minutis raris v. nullis; stipulis subulatis etiam spinescentibus ;
pinnis 4—6-jugis; foliolis 8—12-jugis oblongis; pedunculis
folium subzequantibus ; capitulis globosis; bracteolis minutis ;
floribus 5-meris glaberrimis ; legumine glabro lineari-oblongo
seu falcato margine aculeis validis sparsis subuncinatis armato.
— Rocky plateaus near New Braunfels, and on the Upper
Guadaloupe, not seen on the Pierdenales. July, in flower,
and with young fruit: August, with ripe fruit. — Shrub two or
three feet high; the branches armed with very stout, com-
pressed, infrastipular aculei, which are sometimes solitary,
gefminate, often usually in threes. Occasionally there are one
or two minute prickles on the rachis of the leaves. Calyx
purple, very glabrous. This species is nearly allied to M.
acanthocarpa, of Mexico, from which it differs in the want

JOURNAL B. S. N. H. 24 JAN. 1850.

182 Plante Lindheimeriane.

of pubescence, except a mere trace under the lens, and in
the spinescent stipules. ‘The valves of the pod somewhat
incline tobreak transversely into pieces.

(606.) M. rracrans (sp. nov.): fruticosa, erecta, glaberri-
ma; aculeis infrastipularibus solitariis subrecurvis ; petiolis in-
ermibus gracilibus ; pinnis 1 — 3-jugis (in ramis floridis seepis-
sime unijugis) ; foliolis 5 —6-jugis lineari-oblongis ; pedunculis
axillaribus szepius fasciculatis folio sequalibus capitulum glo-
bosum gerentibus; floribus 5-meris 10-andris glabris ; petalis
liberis calyce parvo quadruplo longioribus; legumine lineari
falcato 6 — 8-articulato membranaceo glaberrimo inermi, rari-
usve margine aculeis 1—3 armato.— Rocky soil, on the
Pierdenales. April, in flower (606); May, with immature
fruit (607). (Also gathered near Austin by Mr. Wright). —
‘«‘ Shrub 3 or 4 feet high, covered at the season of blossoming
with the heads of light purplish-red, fragrant flowers.”
Aculei short and stout. Leaflets rather thin, not crowded as
in the preceding species, rather sparse on the sterile branches,
where they are two lines long; on the flowering branches
smaller. Peduncles nearly an inch in length, larger than the
head. The unripe pods are two inches long; strongly fal-
cate, the margins sinuate so that the joints are well defined,
and the transverse lines at which the valves will separate are
already evident. — This species is allied to M. borealis, Gray,
Pl. Fendl. (which much resembles M. depauperata, Benth.)
of which I think I have a Texan specimen from Mr. Wright;
but the pinne are much longer, with more numerous and
narrower leaflets, and the pods are different. It is perhaps
the same as a North Mexican species of Dr. Gregg, indicated
by Mr. Bentham (in Herb. Torr.) as “ Mimosa, n. sp. near M.
terniflora,” a species which I do not find anywhere enume-
rated.!

«
1 On the Rio Grande, Texas, Mr. Wright gathered specimens of the subjoined
species of the section Habbasia, § Rubicaules, Benth.
Mimosa MALACOPHYLLA (sp. nov-): suffrutescens, pube mollissima undique seri-
ceo-tomentosa; caulibus procumbentibus angulatis petiolisque copiosissime aculea-
tis, aculeis brevibus uncinato-retrorsis ; pinnis 4-7-jugis ; foliolis 5 - 8-jugis ovatis

Planie Lindheimeriane. 183

384. ScHRANKIA PLATYcARPA (sp. nov.): glabra, leviter
aculeata; pinnis 4—6-jugis; foliolis oblongis ciliatis aveniis :
leguminibus latiuscule linearibus compressis acuminatis acu-
leis brevibus echinatis pedunculo subduplo longioribus, val-
vulis planis margine persistente (replo) fere duplo latioribus.
— Mimosa Reemeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 456? —
Dry, stony, prairies, New Braunfels. April, in flower; Sep-
tember, in fruit. — I have seen this species from other Texan
correspondents. It is distinguished from S. angustata, in
some degree by its rather broader and more ciliate leaflets,
and obviously by its legumes, which are about three inches
long, but a quarter of an inch in width, flat, and about twice
the breadth of the persistent margin; thus confirming Mr.
Bentham’s remark, that the genus is not sufficiently distinct
from Mimosa. ‘The valves are rather sparsely, the thickened
margin densely, echinate with very short, somewhat uncinate
prickles. From the locality this is most probably the Mimosa
Reemeriana of Scheele ; but that blundering and unscrupulous
propounder of species had not seen the legumes, and his
description applies nearly as well to any other Schrankia.
To the latter genus, so long as it 1s maintained, the present
species must be referred, notwithstanding the flatness of
the pod.

385. Desmanruus veLutinus (Scheele in Linnea, I. c.):
adscendens v. prostratus e basi suffrutescente ; caulibus petio-
lisque pube mollissima cinereis; pinnis 3—6-jugis, glandula
parva concava inter infimas; foliolis 10—20-jugis lineari-
oblongis avenlis margine preesertim pilosis; floribus decan-

ve] ovali-oblongis mucronatis; panicula racemosa laxa; floribus 5-meris 10-andris;
legumine lato-lineari longiuscule stipitato membranaceo glabro nitido inermi 6 -8-
spermo. — On the Rio Grande, Texas, Mr. Charles Wright. August, September,
in flower and fruit. Also gathered near Monterey, Northern Mexico, by Dr. Gregg
and Dr. Edwards, without fruit; and east of Rinconada by Dr. Gregg in 1848. —
Plant with the habit of a Schrankia, canescent with a fine and very soft down; the
partial and general petioles as well as the stem beset with numerous short uncinate
prickles, Leaflets 3 to 5 lines long. Flowers white, according to Mr. Wright,
yellowish according to Dr. Gregg. Legume two inches or more in length, with a
stipe half an inch long, very smooth.

184 Plante Lindheimeriane.

dris; leguminibus linearibus elongatis rectis v. rectiusculis
acuminatis levibus 10—20-spermis; seminibus rhombeo-
orbiculatis. — Rocky soil, and on grassy slopes, near New
Braunfels. August, chiefly in fruit. Also near Austin,
Mr. Charles Wright. — A well marked species, which Scheele
has described from some of the rather imperfect fruiting
specimens gathered by Lindheimer in 1846, in which the
legumes are sometimes only an inch and a half long, and a
little falcate. But in better specimens, particularly in those
of 1847, the pods are straight, from two to three inches long,
often 20-seeded. The seeds are not obovate-elliptical, but
roundish-obovate, or somewhat rhombic by mutual pressure.
It is distinguished from all the species I am acquainted with
by its downy stems and minute gland; from D. depressus by
its pointed pods. — J. depressus, Kunth, is common at Key
West and Cape Florida, and occasionally comes from Texas.
There, however, a more common species is the allied D.
acuminatus, Benth. in Jour. Bot. 4, p. 357, which is readily
known by its shorter, falcate, and pointed pods. In culti-
vation it is prostrate. D. reticulatus, Benth., has also been
received from Mr. Wright.

386. D. pracuytosus, Benth. Mimosee, in Jour. Bot. 4.
p- 358. D. falcatus, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 455. Wet
soil near Comale Creek, &c. May, in flower; August, in
fruit. This does not grow in dry, rocky soil, nor the forego-
ing in wet places, as is stated by Scheele, who has evidently
transposed the tickets of these two plants.

387. Acacia Remertana, Scheele in Lannea, 21. p. 456.
Rocky soil, near San Antonio, and from New Braunfels to
the Guadaloupe. April, in flower; June, in fruit (605). —
This would appear to be the Acacia Reemeriana of Scheele,
said to have been gathered near Austin by Mr. Romer, except
that the flowers are ‘ yellowish-white” (Lindh.) instead of
rose-color, and the leaves usually bear three pairs of pinne.
The leaflets, 4 to 5 lines long, are membranaceous in the flow-
ering specimens, but firmer in those in fruit. ‘he species be-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 185

longs to Bentham’s section Vulgares, and subsection Pennate.
The legume is coriaceo-chartaceous, continuous within, flat,
linear-oblong or oblong, somewhat falcate, 2: to 4 inches long,
an inch or less in width, raised on a short stipe. Seeds oval,
flat, brown. It is said to be a shrub, or small tree, with the
stem one or two inches thick. ‘There are specimens of it in
Dr. Gregg’s North, Mexican collection. Another Acacia of
the latter collection, marked by Mr. Bentham A. (Atara-
canthee) n. sp., not unlike the above in foliage and fruit,
but with a different inflorescence, was found by Mr. Wright
from San Antonio to the Rio Grande.

(604.) Same as the foregoing, with larger leaflets ; in
flower only.

(605.) These are fine fruiting specimens, which I refer to
A. Remeriana, and to them alone the remarks above, as
respects the legumes, refer.

ROSACEZ.

388. Prunus minutiFLora (Engelm. ined.): nana, intri-
cato-ramosissima, glabra, ramulis novellis vix puberulis ; foliis
parvis ovalibus obovatisve obtusissimis integerrimis aut obso-
lete parceque denticulatis; floribus solitariis subsessilibus
minimis 10—15-andris; calyce turbinato; fructu immaturo.
subgloboso cano-tomentoso. — Hills and dry slopes between
San Antonio and New Braunfels, in large clusters. March,
in flower; the unripe fruit (4 lines in diameter) gathered at
the end of May. —Shrubs one or two feet high, forming
dense masses. Leaves from 3 to 5 lines long, on short, gland-
less petioles, fascicled, coriaceous, smooth, entire, sometimes
tridenticulate or with one or two obscure lateral denticula-
tions, which are at first somewhat glandular. Stipules very
minute. Flowers solitary, a line and a half in length; the
peduncle shorter than the calyx. “Stamens 10 to 15, in two

1 Among Dr. Gregg’s plants I find well-marked specimens of A. amentacea, DC.,
aspecies not identified by Mr. Bentham. It was gathered, in flower, near Rin-
conada.

186 Plante Lindheimeriane.

or three circles, the innermost partially abortive.” Engelm. —
Closely allied to the Amygdalus microphylla, H. B. K., and
very likely to prove a variety of it, judging from the fragment
of that plant which I possess from Schlechtendal. These,
with P. glandulosa, belong to the subgenus Microcerasus,
Webb, characterized by Spach in Ann. Sci. Nat. 2. Ser. 19. p.
125; a group “intermediate between the true Cerasi and
Prunus [but referred by these authors to the former] and also
nearly allied to some Amygdali.” It embraces Cerasus pros-
trata, C. orientalis, and some other oriental species.

389. P. rivunaris, Scheele in Linnea 21. p. 594. P.
Tawakonia, Lindheimer, Mss. (which name was doubtless
appended to the specimen received by Scheele.) Banks of
streams and margins of bottom-woods, forming thickets near
the water, rarely on higher places, Upper Guadaloupe, and
between Comale Creek and the Colorado. March, in flower;
June, in fruit. “Shrub from two to six feet high. Fruit
ripe in June, of the size of a cherry, or a little larger, acidu-
lated, cherry-red. ‘The Tawakony Indians boil them and eat
them with honey. Called Tawakony Plum.” Lindheimer. —
The same plant extends northward into Missouri, and passes,
if I mistake not, into an evident form of Prunus Americana,
or P. nigra, if the two species are to be distinguished. P.
Texana, Scheele, I. c. gathered at New Braunfels, by Mr. Ro-
mer, is probably the same species.

+ Cerasus serotina, DC.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 410.
On the Pierdenales. April, in flower. A tree or alarge shrub.

(608.) Rosa routoLosa, Nutt. in Torr. & Gray, £1. 1. p.
460. Hills of the Sabinas and Three Creeks. May.—
Stems less than a foot high, from a creeping rootstock.
« Flower very fragrant.”

+ Crarmcus coccinea var.? mouuis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1
p- 465. C. mollis, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 569. Muskit
flats near San Antonio. March, in flower.—lIf this be
admitted to rank as a species, it must bear, I believe, the
name of C. subvillosa, Schrad.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 187

ELATINACEZ.

390. Evatine (Mertea seu Bercia) Texana, Hook. Ic.
Pl. t. 278; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 678. E. (Bergella)
Texana, Gray, Gen. Ill. 1. p. 218. t. 96. In slow flowing
rivulets, New Braunfels. August. — This is a pentamerous
and decandrous or sometimes pentandrous Elatine, with the
aspect of Bergia, for which, in the work above cited, I have
indicated a distinct section.

LYTHRACEZ:

+ Lyrarum aLatum var. ovaLiFotium: humile; foliis sub-
orbiculatis et ovalibus, floralibus oblongis calyce brevioribus.
L. ovalifolium, Englm. Mss. Springs of the Pierdenales, on
rocks covered by water. October. — Stems a foot high, from
long and creeping stolons. Leaves one third of an inch long.
This evidently runs into the next.

(609.) L. auatum, var. pumiLum: foliis ellipticis oblongisve,
caulibus spithameis. Rocks partly covered with water, in
Sister Creek. April. — Mixed with this in the distribution
are a few fruiting specimens.of

+L. auarum, var. BREvIFLoRUM: glabrum, ramosissi-
mum; ramulis angulatis ; foliis linearibus plerisque alternis,
floralibus, flores approximatos 6-petalos 6-andros subeequanti-
bus; calyce fructifero campanulato seu brevissime clavato
subpedicellato; stylo incluso vel breviter exserto. — Damp
rocks on the Guadaloupe, near running water. ‘The speci-
men is the branching summit of an apparently rather tall
stem, which has lost its lower leaves. ‘The floral leaves are
only from one to three lines long; the flowers are so approxi-
mated as at length to form a virgate spike. The calyx even
in fruit is barely a line and a half in length. Petals purple,
small, those of the later flowers minute or wanting. The
style is shorter than the petals, often included, or barely equal-
ling the stamens; but the specimen, perhaps, belongs_to a
stamineal form. Vide Pl. Lindh. p. 8. No. 52. CS

Ae RAK p es

daw YORK
ica
BOTAN pe

CagpEt~

188 Plante Lindheimeriane.

(610.) L. auarum, var. (LaNcEoLATUM), Torr. & Gray, FI.
1. p. 481. L. lanceolatum, Ell. Sk. 1. p. 544. Wet prai-
ries, on the Pierdenales. May.— A form with dwarf stems,
a foot or less in height, from long, and deeply subterranean
root-stocks or stolons.

+ L. auatum, var. 7. Torr. & Gr. 1. c.— On the Cibolo, —
Leaves mostly alternate.

+ L. auarum, var. LINEARIFoLIuM: caulibus ramosissimis ;
foliis linearibus plerisque alternis, floralibus calyce subzequa-
libus. — Rocks in the Cibolo River. This and the var. ovali-
folium are two extreme forms, on either hand, of what I take
to be one polymorphous species; for which the name L.
lanceolatum, /l., would be much more appropriate than that
of Pursh. They may embrace several of the tropical Ameri-
can species in the books; but they pass into one another
in such a way that Dr. Engelmann and I can fix upon no
reliable distinguishing characters.

+ Ammannia Latirouia, Linn.; Torr. & Gr. Fil. 1. p. 480.
(the A. stylosa, Fisch. & Meyer, Ind. Sem. Hort. Petrop. 7,
p. 41): var. octandra, staminibus exsertis, stylo brevi incluso!
A. Texana, Scheele in Linnea, 21, p. 588. Upper Guada-
loupe.

ONAGRACEZ::

391. Cinornera (Mecaprerium) Missourrensis, Sims,
Bot. Mag. t. 1592; Torr. & Gr. Fl. 1, p. 500: var. A. foliis
anguste lanceolatis linearibusve. Megapterium Missouriense,
Spach. Rocky plains and slopes, on the Pierdenales and
Upper Guadaloupe, and in the dry bed of the Cibolo, April
to July; in flower and fruit. Also gathered by Mr. Wright,
who sends seeds from which the plant has been raised in the
Cambridge Botanic Garden. ‘Capsule larger or smaller,
orbicular, or elliptical-oblong; corolla from two to five inches
in diameter. This runs, by every gradation in the broadness
of the leaves into the var. g, Lariroiia foliis lato-lanceolatis
vel ovato-lanceolatis, (A. macrocarpa, Pursh.; Sweet, Brit.

Fl. Gard. t. 5. Megapt. Nuttallii, Spach.) Nor, with both

Plante Lindheimeriane. 189

plants in cultivation, do I discern any distinction in the flow-
ers or pods. On the Upper Platte and Canadian, Fremont
and Mr. Gordon have gathered specimens in which even the
full-grown leaves &c. are silvery-canescent; namely, var.
7. incAna: foliis lanceolatis vel ovatis undique argenteo-
incanis.

392. CE. (Lavauxta) tTrinopa, Nutt. in Jour. Acad.
Philad. 2. p. 118; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 2566; Torr. & Gray,
l.c. C8. Roemeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 154. Mus-
kit flats, New Braunfels. March, April. In cultivation, and
I think also in the wild state, this isa biennial. It forms a
dense cone of pods at the crown, which rises to the height of
two or three inches in the course of the season, and the root
does not survive the winter. The flowers, which open about
sunset, are cream-colored or nearly white.

393. Ci. (Merronix) serruLara J. sprnuLosa, Torr. &
Gray, Fl. 1. p. 502; subvar. floribus, ut in No. 238, maxi-
mis, calycis fauce cum stigmate szepius atropurpurea interdum
fusca v. flava. — Rocky banks of the Cibolo River. April.
In cultivation, as in the wild plant, the throat of the calyx
and the disk-shaped stigma, one or both, are sometimes deep
black-purple, sometimes brownish or yellow. The plant
forms rather stout and decumbent woody stems, two or three
feet long, producing a great number of- branches, and flower-
ing throughout the summer.

394. CH. serruLata, ¢, PINIFOLIA, Engelm.: foliis angus-
tissimis fere filiformibus szepe fasciculatis marginibus revolutis
integris ; floribus maximis (ut in precedente). &. capilli-
folia, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 577. Rocky prairies, New
Braunfels. April.-—'This is just the CH. serrulata var. spinu-
losa, except that the leaves are extremely narrow. It is vain
to attempt to erect the varying forms of this and other poly-
morphous Cinothere into separate species.

(55.) Ce. speciosa, Nutt. New Braunfels, March.

(53.) GE. Drummonpit, Hook. Galveston. March to May.

+ CH. Jamesu (Torr. §& Gray, Fl. 1. p. 693): pube ap-

JOURNAL B. S. N. H. 25 JAN. 1350.

190 Plante Lindheimeriane.

pressa cinereo-canescens; caule erecto elato (5-—10-pedali)
lignescente ; foliis oblongo-lanceolatis acutis repando-den-
ticulatis; spica multiflora conferta; tubo calycis prelongo
(4—5-unciali) canescente crassiusculo apice ampliato seg-
mentis 2—3-plo ovario multoties longioribus ; petalis flabelli-
formibus maximis (2—3-pollicaribus) stylum vix zquantibus ;
stigmatibus prelongis; capsula cylindracea subcinerea. —
Banks of rivulets on the Upper Guadaloupe; also on the San
Fernando and the Liano. August.— Cultivated from Texan
seeds, this most showy and almost gigantic species flowers in
October, either as an annual or a biennial, bearing profusion
of flowers, of which an unusual number are open at the same
time. Although altogether like that of an ordinary annual or
biennial, the tall stem becomes perfectly woody below, and
often two inches in diameter at the base. The expanded
corolla is four or five inches in diameter, as large as in .
Missouriensis ; the anthers three fourths of an inch, and the
stigmas half an inch, in length.

395. Lupwieia natans, Ell. Sk. 1. p. 581; Torr. &
Gray, Fl. 1. p. 526. LL. fluitans, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p.
580. Comale Spring, in clear rivulets. May, in flower and
fruit. — This is Elliott’s plant in all respects.

+ L. pauusrris, Ell. l.c. On the Liano. November.

(240.) Gaura Drummonnu, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 517.
New Braunfels, April.

(241.) G. parvirLora, Dougl. in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. San
Antonio.

(60.) G. stnuata, Nutt.; Torr. § Gray, Ll. c. New
Braunfels.

(611.) Gaura surruyta (Engelm. Mss.): annua; caule
1—2-pedali pilis longis patentibus barbati-villoso; ramulis
floriferis cum floribus bracteisque glaberrimis ; foliis pilosius-
culis glabratis lanceolatis utrinque attenuatis repando-sub-

1 CE. uncinata, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 578. is not to be identified by the vague
description. It was gathered on a prairie near Houston by Mr. Rémer, and is not
likely to be new.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 19]

dentatis, inferioribus oblongo-lanceolatis petiolatis; floribus
4-meris 8-andris ; bracteis oblongis ovario longioribus e basi
brevi persistente caducis; rachi ideoque squarroso-dentata ;
tubo calycis ovario longioriems segmentis brevioriemm; nuce | ; / 4
sessili alato-tetraquetra ovato-pyramidata glabra, faciebus con-/
cavis unicostatis levigatis aut basi parce subtuberculatis. i! /
Cedar woods, in sandy and rocky soil, New Braunfels. May,
June, in flower and fruit. — Plant, with much the aspect of
G. Drummondii; but the leaves smoother, less toothed, and
“longer petioled than any other ;” the stem villous or hirsute
below with long spreading hairs, while the rachis, calyx,
bracts, &c. are perfectly glabrous. ‘The petals appear to be
paler than those of G. Drummondii, and the fruits are closely
sessile, without any narrowed base or stipe. It is much
more closely related to the Gaura tripetala, Cav. ; judging
from Spach’s description, and from Texan specimens with
triquetrous fruit and trimerous flowers, gathered by Mr.
Wright, which agree well with the character.!

+ Myriopnyitium HETEROPHYLLUM, Michx. With the next.

+ Proserpinaca pecTinaceA, Lam. On the Pierdenales.

LOASACE.

396. Menrzexia oLicospermA, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, FI.
1. p. 533. Thickets, on high, rocky plains of the Upper
Guadaloupe. August.

+ Menrzeia (Bartonta) nupa, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p.
535; Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 47. Springs of the Cibolo, Gua-
daloupe, and Pierdenales, in rocky soil. July, October.
‘«‘ Stems three to five feet high: petals expanded in the even-
ing, not in the morning.”

+ Evcyipe sartonioiwes, Zucc. Pl. Hort. Bot. Monac.
fasc. 5, in Abhandl. Baier. Akad. Wissensch. 4. t. 1. Mi-

1 Gaura hirsuta, Scheele, in Linnea, 21. p. 580, described from specimens gathered
by Romer between Bastrop and Austin, does not accord with the present species,
but is likely to be either G. Lindheimeri or G. biennis. ‘G. Roemeriana of the same
author, from New Braunfels, described without the fruit, may be safely referred to
G. Drummondii.

192 Plante Lindheimeriane.

crosperma bartonioides, Walp. Repert. 5. p. 776, & Ann.
Bot. Syst. 1. p. 794; Hook. Bot. Mag. t. 4491. On per-
pendicular rocks, near New Braunfels. April, in flower.
(Also owocky cliffs near Ojiteyee pril, Dr. Gregg.) “Plant
succulent, full of aqueous juice.” — Hooker’s prior name of
Microsperma must give way to Ewenide, Zucc., as there is a
much older genus Microspermum of Lagasca, also Mexican.
Eucnide lobata (Microsperma lobata, Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 234,
probably also M. rudis, Schauer in Linnea, 20. p. 721, as
the stamens are not always as short as in Hooker’s figure),
was likewise gathered near Monterey, Saltillo, &c. by Dr.
Gregg, and at Zimapan, by Coulter.

PASSIFLORACE.

PasstrLora TENUILOBA (Engelm. Mss.): <petiolis brevi-
bus eglandulosis; foliis supra pilis brevibus subscabris subtus
glabriusculis trinerviis reticulatis basi biglandulosis subcordatis
trilobis, lobis lateralibus lanceolato-linearibus elongatis cuspi-
datis horizontaliter divergentibus vel recurvatis, medio brevis-
simo in fol. inferioribus integro in superioribus breviter trilobo ;
stipulis setaceis ; pedunculis binis petiolum bis superantibus ;_
cirrho elongato simplici ; floribus exinvolucratis apetalis ; calyce
5-lobo virescente. —On the Liano; coll. in October. — Ap-
parently near P. normalis, £., of Jamaica, which is unknown
to me. Herbaceous, sub-erect, slender. Petioles 2, the
peduncles 3-3}, lines long. lJeaves rather rigid, with revo-
lute margins, 5 or 6 lines long, but from 3 to 5 inches in trans-
verse diameter; the lobes about 3 lines wide, the lateral ones
sometimes bearing a posterior tooth or lobule. Flowers 8 or
9 lines in diameter. Only a single specimen was gathered by
Lindheimer.” Engelm. in litt. —I have this plant from Mr.
Wright, gathered two years since, between San Antonio and
the Rio Grande. Fine fruiting specimens also have just
reached me in the collection made by this enterprising botanist
last summer between San Antonio and El Paso, New Mexico.
The fruit is about the size of a musket ball. Seeds ovate,
acute at both ends, tuberculate.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 193

397. Stcyos aneuLatus, Linn. Bottom woods of Comale
Creek, climbing trees. May.

398. CycLanrHeRA pissEcTA, Arn. in Hook. Jour. Bot.
3. p. 280. Discanthera dissecta, Torr. & Gray, Fil. 1. p.
696. Echinocystis pedata, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 586.
Margin of woods and hedges. June, in flower. — The genus
Discanthera is correctly referred by Prof. Arnott to Cyclan-
thera of Schrader.

399. CucuRBITA PERENNIS: radice carnoso maxima; foliis
strigoso-canescentibus cordato-ovatis vel triangulatis sursum
angustatis indivisis vel subsinuato-repandis margine denticu-
latis; calycis lobis subulatis tubo sequalibus; fructu globoso.
—Cucumis? perennis, James in Long’s Exped. 2. p. 20;
Torr. in Ann. Lyc. New York, 2. p. 242; Torr. & Gray,
Fi. 1. p. 543. Plains and prairies, in dry, clayey or sandy
soil, near San Antonio and New Braunfels. May. — “ 'T'rail-
ing on the ground. Root from six inches to three feet thick,
fusiform, yellow inside.” Fruit yellow, globose, two or three
inches in diameter.’ — This plant has been in cultivation in
the Cambridge Botanic Garden for the last two or three years,
from Texan seeds. It flowers freely, and has produced full-
grown fruit, which, however, has not ripened. Our plants
are diccious, but it is moncecious, according to Dr. James.
It may be the Cucurbita feetidissima, H. B. K.,as Dr. Torrey
long since suggested, but that plant is said to be an annual,
like the rest of the genus; besides, ours is not fetid. In its
calyx, gamopetalous campanulate corolla, exappendiculate
anthers, and even in the tumid margin of the seeds (although
said by Dr. James to be acute) it accords with Cucurbita.
Mr. Fendler met with the plant at Santa Fe; Dr. Gregg,
between Saltillo and Parras, and, according to Dr. Engel-
mann, “ Dr. Wislizenus found the same plant in the moun-
tains of Chihuahua, with pyriform fruit.”

400. C. Texana: (an C. ovifera, var.?) ‘Tristemon
- 'Texanum, Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 586, & 22. p. 352. Mar-
gin of thickets, in moist woods, on the banks of the Upper

194 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Guadaloupe, “apparently indigenous.” September. This
has also been cultivated in the Cambridge Botanic Garden.
The column sometimes contains as many as four stamens.
The pyriform fruit is just that of C. ovifera, of which our
plant may possibly be only a naturalized variety.

401. Lacenaria vutearis, Seringe. Bottom woods, Co-
male Creek. September. Probably early naturalized. The
fruit is said to be globose.

(612.) Srcyprom (an Melothrie sect.?) LinpHEmeri
(sp. nov.): radice crassa perenni; foliis subreniformibus
carnosis 3—5-lobatis partitisve et sinuato-dentatis tuberculis
vel pustulis subtus prominulis scabratis ceterum cauleque
gslabris; pedunculo in pl. mascula atque fceminea folio bre-
viore, masculo 3 —9-floro, feemineo unifloro; calyce fl. mase.
infundibuliformi, foem. supra ovarium longe producto anguste
tubuloso, lobis petalis oblongis duplo brevioribus; bacca
globosa rubra (diametro pollicari) ; seminibus abortu paucis
turgidis rotundatis subcompressis submarginatis hilo biden-
tatis. — Thickets, from New Braunfels to the Liano; pro-
cumbent or climbing. June. (Also gathered in Texas, by
Mr. Charles Wright.) — Root large and fleshy. Stems slen-
der. Leaves succulent, from one to three inches in diameter,
either moderately or deeply lobed. Flowers from one third
to half an inch in length, greenish ; the calyx of the sterile
tubular-funnel form. Stamens 3, subsessile in the throat of
the calyx; two of them bilocular, the thece separated by a
rather broad and slightly two-lobed connective; the third of
only one theca (or, as taken by some authors, 5 and triadel-
phous); the loculi linear-oblong, straight. Fertile flowers
with the calyx-tube constricted above the globular ovary and
prolonged into a rather slender beak, then funnel-form like
the sterile, but bearing rather longer subulate calyx-lobes.
Sterile filaments 3, short, one of them simple, the two others
two-cleft, subulate. Petals, as in the sterile flower, entire, ob-
scurely ciliate, oblong, a little narrowed below, unconnected,
separately inserted into the throat of the calyx. Style a

Plante Lindheimeriane. 195

little longer than the calyx-tube, three-cleft at the apex ;
stigmas fleshy, dilated, granulose-fimbriolate. Ovary three-
celled, many ovuled. Berry, pulpy, ‘‘deep red when ripe,
an inch or more in diameter,’ globose, ripening few seeds.
Seeds 3 lines long, roundish-oval, turgidly lenticular. — Si-
cydium was founded by Schlechtendal on a small-flowered
Mexican dicecious plant, of which the sterile flowers alone are
known. Until the fruit of that plant is identified it must
remain doubtful whether ours belongs to the same genus.
This has larger blossoms, and a more elongated calyx. But it
accords with Schlechtendal’s incomplete description in being
dicecious, in the 5-petalous corolla, and in the three distinct
stamens with straight anther-cells. The leaves vary in the
depth and breadth of their lobes. From the Rio Grande,
Mr. Wright has communicated fragmentary specimens of
what is probably a variety of the same species, with the
leaves dissected into linear or filiform lobes and segments.

Cactacez; by Dr. Engelmann.

*,* Mr. Lindheimer has again sent many living specimens of Cactaceze from
New Braunfels, San Antonio, the Pierdenales, and the Liano. Among them I not
only recognized all the species described in Plant. Lindh. (Boston Journal, Vol. V.)
but found also a number of new forms. From other sources I have obtained other
species from the lower Rio Grande. All these will be enumerated here in order to
complete, as far as possible, the catalogue of the Texan Cactacez. A correspon-
dence with Prince Salm Dyck, than whom none is better acquainted with these
curious plants, and his examination of living specimens of most of the species, ena-
bles me to give this revision an authenticity not otherwise attainable.

MAMMILLARIA.

$ 1. Fructu viridi, ovali; corolla persistente ; testa seminum
pergamentacea fusca; floribus ex axillis tuberculorum
hornotinorum.

M. catcarata (M. sulcata, Engelm. Pl. Lindh. l. ¢., non
Pfeiffer). Near M. scolymoides, Schdw. but sufficiently dis-
tinct, according to Prince Salm.— Rocky and hard, clayey

196 Plante Lindheimeriane.

soil, on the Upper Guadaloupe. My specimens from there are
mostly densely czspitose ; tubercles in thirteen oblique rows ;

proliferous groove producing the buds always near its upper ;
end. Flowers 2 inches long and 2 to 2} inches in diameter:
sepals (or rather outer firmer perigonial leaves) 20-35:
petals (inner more delicate petaloid perigonial leaves) 30-35,
yellow (dirty yellow only when fading), reddish at the base.

M. compacta, Engelm. in Wishz. Rep. not. 32, from the
mountains of Chihuahua is mentioned here only in order to
add to the description of the plant that of the flower which I
have had occasion to examine in the living state. — Floribus
in vertice dense lanato centralibus; sepalis (17—19) lanceo-
latis acutis integris (rufescentibus, interioribus margine fla-
vis); petalis (28) oblongo-lanceolatis mucronatis versus
apicem denticulatis (sulphureis) ; stigmatibus 7—8 cuspida-
tis flavicantibus supra stamina (sulphurea) paulo exsertis. —
Flowers at the end of June and beginning of July (in St.
Louis). Flower-bud dark reddish brown: flower about 15
lines long and of the same diameter. Petals 6 lines long and
12 lines wide. Stigmata 2 lines long, cuspidate, as in M.
vivipara, while all other species known to me have obtuse
stigmata.

MamMILuaria RADIOSA (sp. nov.): simplex s. parce pro-
lifera, ovata seu cylindrica; tuberculis teretibus supra plus
minus sulcatis apice ex tomento albo aculeatis; aculeis rec-
tis numerosis valde ineequalibus, plurimis (20-30) radian-
tibus tenuioribus albidis, centralibus 4—5 robustioribus fuscis
s. rarius flavis, 3—4 sursum directis, singulo deflexo; axillis
nudis, sulco subtomentoso ; floribus (violaceis) ex axillis tuber-
culorum hornotinorum ortis sparsis (nec centralibus) ; sepalis
petalisque lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis aristatis; sepalis
(40-50) arachnoideo-fimbriatis, exterioribus brevioribus ad-
pressis, interioribus longioribus recurvatis; petalis (30-40)
integris s. basi subciliatis patentibus; staminibus (violaceis)
numerossimis zequalibus; stylo longe exserto; stigmatibus
7-9 (violaceis) erectis obtusis; bacca oblonga viridi floris

Plante Lindheimeriane. 197

rudimento coronata; seminibus fulvis ovatis scrobiculato-
punctatis. — Sterile, sandy soil on the Pierdenales: flowers
(in St. Louis) about the middle of June. The flowers open for
three days, in direct sunshine only, and later than most other
Cactacez, viz., from 12 or 1 till 3 or 4 o’clock. Stems 2-4
inches high, about 2 inches in diameter, dark green; tubercles
in 13 oblique rows ;/ radiant spines 3—4; central spines from
4—6 lines long: flowers 15-2: inches long, and about the
same diameter when fully open, of a lighter violet color or
of a splendid dark purple: stigmas deep velvety purple. —
Very near M. vivipara, Haw., which has been found from the
Upper Missouri to Santa Fe: this, however, is distinguished
by its low, mostly czespitose growth, by the smaller number of
radiant spines (14—18), the absence of the deflexed central
spine, the smaller central flowers, the apiculate stigmata,
and smaller seeds: it also flowers earlier (in St. Louis about
the middle of May), but, like M. radiosa, opens the flowers
only after 12 o’clock. In M. vivipara the youngest tubercles
produce in their axils the flowers which appear central, and
remain so till after fructification, whereupon new tubercles
are developed in the centre, and the young fruit is pushed
aside and becomes more and more lateral. In M. radiosa
the flower buds are also formed in the axils of the first young
tubercles of the season, but are immediately pushed aside by
a continuous growth of more tubercules; the buds as well as
the flowers and fruits are therefore lateral. M. vivipara has
not yet been found in Texas, though it may be expected in
the mountainous regions bordering New Mexico.

§ 2. Fructu coccineo ; corolla decidua.
* Fructu clavato elongato; seminum testa pergamentacea,

1 Tt will hardly be necessary to mention that there are several different sets of
rows of tubercles observable, but one set is usually more distinct than the others ;
they depend on the size of the plant, and the number, size, and closeness of the
tubercles. It is well known that in different specimens of the same species they
turn to either side, right or left.

JOURNAL B.S. N. H. 26 JAN. 1850.

198 Plante Lindheimeriane.

fusca; caule simplici, succo lacteo; floribus ex axillis tuberculo-
rum anni prioris.*

MammMILtaria APPLANATA (n. sp.): simplex, depressa; tu-
berculis elongato-pyramidatis subquadrangulatis apice ex
tomento albo lanoso demum evanescente aculeiferis ; aculeis
rectis 15—20 tenuioribus inequalibus radiantibus, singulo
centrali robustiori erecto ; axillis nudis; floribus sordide albi-
dis s. rubellis; ovario glabro, sepalis 8 — 13 lanceolatis; petalis
12-18 lanceolatis mucronatis, internis versus apicem fimbri-
ato-denticulatis; stigmatibus 5—8 stamina brevia pauca
flavida longe excedentibus flavis; baccis elongato-clavatis ;
seminibus subgloboso-ovatis scrobiculatis rugulosis parvis.—
Rocky plains on the Pierdenales: flowers (in St. Louis) in
May. Flowers forming a circle or wreath, in the larger speci-
mens, of 1—1} inches diameter around the growth of tuber-
cles of the same year, while the scarlet fruit is frequently still
persistent and forms an outer circle. Plant 23 to 4} inches
in diameter, 1 —2 inches high, with an almost level top and
depressed vertex; in larger specimens 34, in smaller ones
13 or 21, spiral rows of tubercles are most conspicuous.
Radiating spines 2!—6 lines long, whitish; the 3 or 4 outer
or lower are stouter and very light brown; the central spines
erect, or rather somewhat inclined upwards and inwards,
2-4 (mostly 3) lines long, light yellowish brown. The
innermost tubercles of the preceding year appear to produce
the inconspicuous flowers, which are from 9 to 12 lines long,
urceolate when not fully expanded in bright sunshine. Berry
8 to 15 lines long.

MamMILLaRIA HEMISPH@RICA (Nn. sp.): simplex, hemisphe-

1 It has been stated over and over again, that all the Cactacee parallele (with
cotyledons parallel to the more or less compressed sides of the seed,) see JVisl.
Rep. pp. 91 and 92) produce the flowers from the same year’s growth, and the Cac-
tace contrarie (cotyledons contrary to the compressed sides of the seeds) from that
of the last preceding or former years. In Wisl. Rep. l.c. Ihave stated that some
Mammillarice probably formed an exception to that rule. What was a supposition
then I have since ascertained to be the fact. These few species, however, are the
only ones in which I have as yet observed this exception.

Plante Lindhewmeriane. 199

rica; tuberculis elongato-pyramidatis subquadrangulatis apice
ex tomento albo brevi mox evanido aculeiferis ; aculeis rectis,
9-10 tenuioribus inzequalibus radiantibus, singulo centrali
robustiori porrecto ; axillis nudis; floribus sordide albidis s.
rubellis ; ovario glabro; sepalis sub-13 lanceolatis acutis vel
obtusiusculis ;_ petalis sub-13 oblongo-lanceolatis mucronatis
integris s. versus apicem denticulatis ; stigmatibus 5—8 ex
flavido rubellis supra stamina numerosa rubella exsertis ; bac-
cis elongato-clavatis ; seminibus elongato-ovatis rugulosis mi-
nutis. — Below Matamoras, on the Rio Grande ; brought home
by the St. Louis Volunteers, in 1846 : flowers (in St. Louis) in
May. Very similar to the last species, but well distinguished
by the hemispherical shape, the much smaller number of shorter
spines, the less woolly areolz, and the much smaller, less rough,
and lighter-colored seed. I can see no essential difference
in the flower. Body of the plant 3—4! inches in diameter,
2-3 inches high: flowers 10-15 lines long and about the
same diameter when fully open in the forenoon sun, urceo-
late in the afternoon. Radial spines 2, or 3—4; the central
spine 2-3 lines long.

Mammitiaria GumMireRa, Englm. in Wisl. Rep. not. 38,
has now flowered with me, and proved, as was expected, sim-
ilar to the two foregoing species. I add here the description
of the flower.—Floribus rubellis; ovario glabro; sepalis
sub-13 oblongo-linearibus obtusiusculis fimbriatis; petalis 16
lanceolatis breviter acuminatis denticulato-erosis ; stigmatibus
6 stamina brevia rubella longe excedentibus petala subeequan-
tibus virescentibus. — Flower 15 lines long, 6-12 lines wide
when fully open, brownish red outside; the petals reddish
white, with dark red in the middle. Flower larger than that
of M. applanata, much darker and more elegantly colored ;
style longer, etc. Fruit not seen.

** Fructu subgloboso; seminum testa dura nigra; caule
prolifero (an semper?) succo aqueo; floribus ex axillis tuber-
culorum hornotinorum.

Mamminiarta Nourrauyu, Englm. in Pl. Fendl., from the

200 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Upper Missouri; the only specimen I possessed was unfortu-
nately destroyed. —Mammillaria similis, Engelm. in Plant.
Lindh. I. c., first discovered by Mr. Lindheimer near the Bra-
zos, has since been found by him south of the Guadaloupe,
about New Braunfels and on the Pierdenales in several forms.
It has frequently flowered with me and annually produces
abundant fruit. I substitute the following character and
description. :

M. stmixis: subsimplex s. plerumque cespitosa ; tuberculis
ovato-cylindraceis supra plus minus sulcatis (sulco in juniori-
bus basin versus tomentoso szepe prolifero) axilla tomentosis ;
areola albo-tomentosa demum nuda; aculeis 1O—12 rectis
albidis, radiantibus tenuioribus zequalibus, centrali nullo s.
singulo robustiori; floribus ex axillis tuberculorum hornoti-
norum subcentralibus s. demum lateralibus (flavis s. ex rubello
flavicantibus) ; sepalis petalisque lineari-lanceolatis acuminato-
aristatis; sepalis 15-25 ciliato-fimbriatis sape plus minus
recurvis ; petalis 20-30 integris s. basi subciliatis ; stigmati-
bus 5—8 virescentibus supra stamina numerosissima exsertis ;
bacca obovato-subglobosa coccinea ; seminibus nigris subglo-
bosis scrobiculatis majoribus.

«. CESPITOSA: gracilior ; aculeis radiantibus sub-12, centrali
subnullo; sepalis 15—20; stigmatibus sub-5.

8. RoBusTIoR: subsimplex ; aculeis radiantibus sub-10, cen-
trali robustiori ; sepalis 20-25; petalis 25-30; stigmatibus
7-8. Flowers (at St. Louis) in May. — Stems 13-23 inches
high, obovate, of smaller diameter; tubercles in «. 8, in ?:
often in 13 rows; spines 3—4, in ¢. 4—8 lines long; central
spine, when present, 6 lines long. Grooves proliferous towards
the upper or the lower end. Flowers 15-2 inches long, and
of the same diameter when fully open, radiating like stars
with their pale yellow, silky lustre, giving this species a most
beautiful appearance when several open on the same morn-
ing: petals 12—15 lines long and 2 lines wide. Berries 3-5
lines in diameter.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 201

ECHINOCACTUS.

The specimens described in the account of Lindheimer’s
plants, under the name of E. setispinus were the most northern
and rather diminutive forms of this beautiful species; the
flowers were incorrectly described from a withered bud ad-
hering to one of the specimens. Numerous plants have since
been sent by Lindheimer from San Antonio, and by the St.
Louis Volunte rs from the lower Rio Grande.

Ecuinocactus setispinus (Englm. I. c.): ovato-subglobo-
sus s. oblongo-cylindraceus; costis 13 acutis sepe undulatis
s. subinterruptis plus minus obliquis ; areolis remotis, juniori-
bus flavido- s. albido-tomentosis ; aculeis radiantibus setifor-
mibus 10—16, summis longioribus imisque flavicanti-fuscis,
lateralibus albidis, centrali subsingulo robustiori fusco flex-
uoso s. apice uncinato; floribus solitariis nudis infundibuli-
formibus, tubo glaberrimo; sepalis inferioribus brevioribus
obtusis s. cuspidatis 25-40, superioribus elongatis lanceolatis
15—25, omnibus margine membranaceis basi auriculato-cor-
datis tenuiter ciliatis; petalis 20-30 (cum basi miniata
flavis) oblanceolatis acutis integris s. denticulatis; stylo
supra stamina rubella longe exserto; stigmatibus 5—8 sulphu-
reis recurvis s. erectis; bacca pulposa globosa rubra rudi-
mentis sepalorum infimorum membranaceis stipata.

@, HAMATUS: major, subovatus; aculeis radialibus 10 — 12,
centrali robustiori hamato. E. hamatus, Muhlenpf. . Muh-
énplfordtis, Fen.

8. SETACEUS: minor, subglobosus ; aculeis radialibus 14 — 16,
centralibus 1—3 setiformibus flexuosis. E. setispinus, Engelm.
l. c. — Texas, from the Colorado to the Rio Grande. Flow-
ers from April or May to October, and therefore, on account
of its beautiful flower, one of the most valuable species for
cultivation. — Plant 2—4 inches in diameter, and 11-6 or 8
inches high, flowering when quite small, simple or (in culti-
vation at least) sometimes proliferous at base. Var. @ is the
larger southern form, with fewer, stouter, and longer spines
(radial 6-16 lines, central 12-16 lines long). Var. 8 is the

202 Planta Lindheimeriane.

smaller, more northern form, with more and thinner spines
(radial 5-10, central 12-16 lines long). Flower from
20 to 35 lines long, and 24-30 in diameter when fully open ;
petals then often somewhat recurved: flowers open two days,
only in bright forenoon sunshine. My specimens from the
Rio Grande have 5 erect stigmata and a longer flower; all
the others have 6—8 spreading or even recurved stigmata
and a shorter flower-tube. Berry about 4 lines in diameter.
Withered flower finally deciduous. Fruit often bursting, when
the filamentous red pulp and the black, thimble-shaped, verru-
cose seeds are seen: this pulp is formed by the clavate, elon-
gated, twisted funiculi, which most probably form the pulp of
all the soft Cactus fruits, but they do not always remain as
distinct as in this species.

Ecuinocactus Texensis, Hepf. (E. Lindheimeri, Engelm.
l.c.) Mostly depressed, but sometimes globose. Common
from the Colorado to the Rio Grande, and from thence to Sal-
tillo (Dr. Gregg). Near New Braunfels it prefers the so-
called Muskit-flats, or fertile level places with Muskit trees,
overflowed in the rainy season. My specimens have several
times fructified. Berry subglobose, pulpy, red, about 8 or 9
lines in diameter, covered with spiny bristles and soft wool,
crowned by the woolly remains of the flower: seeds reni-
form, compressed, large, smooth and shining. Ribs in smaller
specimens 13 — 14, in larger mostly 21, sometimes 24. Areole
about 6 lines long, and 12 lines apart: spines from 6-10
lines long in some, 15 —25 lines in others ; sometimes the cen-
tral spine is 2 or 3 lines broad. Flowers all open within a few
days, in May (in St. Louis) ; unlike the last mentioned species.

CEREUS.

402. Cereus cmspitosus, Engelm. Pl. Lindh. l. c. Com-
mon about New Braunfels; in flower in May.— This plant
has been cultivated in Europe, as Prince Salm informs me,
under the name of Echinopsis Reichenbachiana, Hortul., and
has been confounded with C. pectinatus: compare Wisliz.

Planta Lindheimeriane. 203

Rep. Appendix, note 45. This species has also been sent
from Saltillo by Dr. Gregg. Mr. Lindheimer has sent from
the granitic region of the Liano a beautiful variety with chest-
nut brown spines ; ?- castaneus. — The characters given in Pl.
Lindh. to this species have been corrected in Wisliz. Rep. l. c.
I add here only that the fruit of this, as well as of all the other
northern Cerei seen by me, ripens within a few weeks, con-
trary to what is observed in our Mammillarize and Opuntie,
and mostly bursts open longitudinally, when ripe. —I cannot
omit an interesting morphological observation made on this
species. The usual structure of the flower of all Cerei
observed by me is the following. ‘The ovary is covered with
very short and (for the greater part) adnate sepals ; the adnate
part forms a protuberance (tubercle) ; the free part is mostly
very small, often only a minute deciduous scale. In the axil
of the scale we find the areola, covered with a short tomen-
tuma, long wool, and almost always with bristles or spines. All
this together forms the pulvillus of authors. Next in order
follow those sepals which form the tube of the flower. The
lower of these are entirely similar to the sepals on the ovary.
In the upper or interior sepals the tip, or free part, becomes
larger and larger, more herbaceous, and finally more or less
petaloid ; the wool and bristles become scarcer, but the latter
longer, and are produced from an areola which is almost
always situated in the axil of the sepal, where its free part
separates from the common tube. Now in C. cespitosus, the
free upper part of these sepals of the tube is more and more
elongated, somewhat terete, not foliaceous, and bears the
areola with its wool and bristles just below the subulate or (in
the innermost sepals) somewhat foliaceous tip, reminding us
almost of the tubercles of a Mammillaria. The descriptions
given in Pl. Lindh. and in Wisliz. Rep. have to be corrected
accordingly.

CrreUs PROCUMBENS (n. sp.): humilis; caule subtereti s.
angulato articulato ramosissimo; tuberculis aculeiferis dis-
tinctis 4—5-fariis ; areolis parvis orbiculatis, junioribus breviter

204 Plante Lindheimeriane.

albo-tomentosis; aculeis brevibus tenuibus albidis apice fus-
cis, 5—6 radiantibus, centrali singulo erecto paulo longiore ;
floribus diurnis ; ovario tuboque brevi pulvillis sub-40 albido-
villosis setas spinescentes breviores fuscas 6—9 gerentibus
stipato; sepalis interioribus sub-15 lineari-lanceolatis acumina-
tis ; petalis 18—20 oblongo-linearibus acutis mucronatis sub-
integris (violaceis) ; stigmate viridi infundibuliformi 10-par-
tito stamina (pallide ~flavicantia) paulo superante.—On the
lower Rio Grande, below Matamoras, collected by the St. Louis
Volunteers, in 1846.— Plant spreading, 3—5 inches high:
joints or branches 13-2 inches long, } inch in diameter, much
contracted at the base: tubercles 4 or 5 lines distant from one
another, often in 4 rows, whence the plant derives a distinctly
quadrangular appearance, or in 5, when it is more cylindrical.
Radial spines 6, or mostly only 5, the uppermost being fre-
quently abortive, 1—1} lines long; central spine 1}-2, lines
as long, stouter, directed upwards. Flower 3 inches long, and
as wide when fully expanded, of a delicate purple color: petals
4 lines wide, often, in a bright noonday sunshine, recurved.
Bristles on the tube about twice as long as the wool, below
1:—2, above 24-3, lines long. — We have in gardens in St.
Louis a similar species in cultivation, under the name of C.
Deppit ; but, as Prince Salm informs me, widely different from
the true C. Deppii. It is not known whence it was obtained.
It is distinguished from C. procumbens by the larger, thicker,
more cylindric limbs: tubercles elevated, very distinct, in 5 or
6 rows ; spines weaker and longer; 6—8 radial spines 5-6
lines long; ventral spine from 5 to 14 lines long: flower with
a shorter tube, fewer pulvilli, with shorter wool, but longer
and weaker bristles. . .

Cereus Remert (n. sp.): ovatus, e basi ramosus; costis
sub-8 (7-9) tuberculatis interruptis; areolis orbiculatis,
junioribus breviter tomentosis; aculeis albidis s. flavidulis
demum cinereis teretibus, radialibus sub-8, centrali singulo
robustiori porrecto; floribus diu noctuque apertis infundi-
buliformibus, limbo erectiusculo; sepalis ovarii et tubi 17

Plante Lindheimeriane. 205

squamosis in axillis ex tomento albo brevissimo setas spines-
centes albidas 3—5 gerentibus; sepalis interioribus 8 ovato-
oblongis carinatis obtusis mucronatis; petalis 10 obovato-
spathulatis obtusis integris concavis chartaceis (coccineis) ;
stylo longe supra stamina numerosissima exserto; stigma-
tibus 7 acutiusculis erecto-patulis viridibus. — Granitic re-
gion about the Liano: flowers (in St. Louis) in May. —
Named after my friend Dr. F. Roemer, of the University of
Bonn, who was the first to explore the geology of Western
Texas, and brought the first specimens of this species. Sent
also in numerous specimens by Lindheimer. Heads 3-4 inches
high, 1: — 2! inches in diameter, single, or mostly 3—5 or even
10 from the same base; ribs interrupted: areole 4—8 lines
distant from one another : radial spines 5-12 lines long ; lateral
spines longest: upper ones usually shortest ; central spine 10—
15lines long. Flower open by day and night, for 4 or 5, and
in cool cloudy weather as much as 6 or 7 days, 2 inches long,
and one wide: petals 8—9 lines long, 5 lines wide, stiff: bris-
tles on the tube 2—3 lines long.—The stiff and almost per-
gamentaceous petals are uninfluenced by sunshine or darkness
like those of most other Cactaceze. Several other northern
species most probably agree in this particular, as especially
C. coccineus and C. triglochidiatus of New Mexico; while
other nearly related species have certainly diurnal flowers, —
C. coccineus differs by the more numerous ribs, more numer-
ous spines, larger and more crowded areole, etc. C. polyacan-
thus, Engelm. in Wisliz. Rep., has more numerous spines,
and ten ribs, C. enneacanthus, Engelm. |. c., is larger with the
tubercles less distinct, ten ribs; spines larger, angular.
Cereus vaRisBILis, Pfeiff., with its beautiful white noc-
turnal flowers, delighted our volunteers in their camps on the
lower Rio Grande. Young plants. are procumbent, with
terete or rather clavate branches: adult plants several (3-
10) feet high, mostly triangular, with very long and stout, or
sometimes quite short spines. Fruit large, luscious, with red
pulp: seeds large, smooth, shining. ‘
JOURNAL B. S. N. H. 27 JAN, 1850.

206 Plante Lindheimeriana.

OPUNTIA.
§$ 1. Applanate.

O. mAcRoRHIZA (n. sp.): prostrata; articulis obovato-or-
biculatis planiusculis; pulvillis setis fuscis et sape aculeis
singulis binisve instructis ; aculeis teretibus validis porrectis s.
paulo deflexis basi apiceque fuscis ceterum albidis cum
adventitio inferiore graciliore reflexo sepe deficiente ; flori-
bus sulphureis basi intus rubellis; ovario sepalis subulatis
deciduis 13 in axillis setulas fuscas brevissimas gerentibus
stipato; sepalis interioribus 15—18 subulatis et (internis)
ovatis acuminato-cuspidatis ; petalis 8 sepala superantibus
late obovato-spathulatis obtusis cuspidatis eroso-denticula-
tis; stigmatibus 5 obtusis, adpressis, stamina numerosa
eequantibus; bacca subpulposa clavata glabrata ; seminibus
marginatis. — Naked, sterile, rocky places on the Upper
Guadaloupe. Flowers (in St. Louis) in June. Root a large
and fleshy tuber, sometimes 2 or 3 inches in diameter ; joints
3 —4 inches long, about 2}—3! wide, hardly attenuate at the
base. Leaves subulate, about 5 lines long. Areole 2-1
inch distant, more crowded toward the base and on the
edges: spines (often wanting) 1 inch long, the smaller 4-6
lines long. Flower 3 inches in diameter: ovary 1 inch long:
petals 1 inch wide, 13 inch long, pale yellow, red at the base.
Fruit 1} inches long; the strongly margined seeds compara-
tively few, 2} lines in diameter. —I have found the same plant
in similar situations in Western Arkansas ; and it is possible
that it may be one of Nuttall’s new species (O. mesacantha,
0. cespitosa, or O. humifusa) of which I cannot find a de-
scription. — Nearly related to O. vulgaris.

O. inteRMeDIA, Salm. The species mentioned in Pl.
Lindh. I. c. No. 1. has since produced abundant flowers and
fruit, and proves to be the above plant. It is near O. vulga-
ris, but more erect, or ascending ; the joints much larger;
flowers larger (4}—5 inches in diameter) ; ovary more slender,
2—2' inches long, with 20-25 subulate sepals; petals obcor-

“

Plante Lindheimeriane. 207

date ; stigma 5-lobed, erect; fruit 2} inches long, 6-8 lines
wide at the top, deeply umbilicate. Lindheimer’s specimens
are from Industry, south of the Brazos. I believe I have
seen the same species near Natchitoches on Red River.

O. Linpuetmert (n. sp.): erecta, robusta ; caule lignoso ;
articulis (magnis) ellipticis basi attenuatis planis; _pulvillis
remotis ad margines confertioribus griseo-tomentosis, setis
flavidis aculeisque paucis instructis 1-3 compressis validis
deflexis varie divergentibus stramineis, nunc cum 1 —2 aculeis
adventitiis gracilioribus; flore . . . bacca clavata elongata
subpulposa glabrata ; seminibus late marginatis About New
Braunfels. Plant erect, often 6-8 feet high: stems terete
ligneous, sometimes 6 inches in diameter, with gray bark, and
very light, spongy wood. Larger joints 9—12 inches long,
5-7 broad. Areole 1!—2 inches distant on old joints;
bristles on them 1-3 lines long. Spines all pale yellow,
much compressed, indistinctly annulated, }—1 inch long,
various; the 3 longer spines, or the one longer, with one or
two shorter spines. The fruit, which Lindheimer has sent as
belonging to this species, resembles very much that of O. vul-
garis, 2—2% inches long, slender, with a deep umbilicus, very
different from that of the following species. Seeds 2-2: lines
in diameter, not numerous. Young plants grown from this
seed have the same compressed spines, but are brown at the
base ; the lower areolz produce no spines, but a quantity of
long, coarse hair. — I add here the following species, though
not properly belonging to the flora of Texas, because I suspect
that it is also found at the mouth of the Rio Grande, within
the limits of Texas. There,and especially on the barren sand
islands at the Brazos, near Point Isabel, the St. Louis Volun-
teers found large and impenetrable thickets formed by an
Opuntia with large joints, covered with almost globose fruits,
with innumerable small seeds, and a very luscious deep red
pulp. The fruit and seed are before me, but unfortunately I
did not obtain a living specimen.

O. Encetmanni (Salm, Mss.): erecta; articulis orbiculato-

208 Plante Lindheimeriane.

obovatis planiusculis; pulvillis remotis ad margines conferti-
oribus griseo-tomentosis setis flavidis aculeisque paucis com-
pressis ancipitibus instructis, 1—4 validis sepe inzequalibus
plus minus deflexis varie divergentibus basi rufis, ceterum
stramineis cum adventitio infimo graciliore albido spe defi-
ciente; fl. ...bacca ovata subglobosa late umbilicata pulvil-
lis pluribus tomentosis stipata; seminibus minoribus anguste
marginatis. — From El] Paso to Chihuahua, indigenous and
cultivated, Dr. Wislizenus. No doubt, also, on the Texan
side of the Rio del Norte. — Erect, 5-6 feet high. Upper and
larger older joints 12 inches long by 9 broad. Areole 13-2
inches distant: bristles 2—6 lines long: spines 1 —12 inches
long, very stout. Fruit 13-13 inches long, about 1: in diam-
eter; umbilicus large, (10-12 lines) flat; pulvilli on the fruit
about 5 lines distant. Seeds very numerous, about half as
large in O. vulgaris, 14-13 lines in diameter, of an irregular
shape. — Near O. Dillenii and O. polyantha, as Prince Salm
informs me.
§ 2. Cylindrice.

O. rrutescens, Engelm. in Pl. Lindh. |. c. under O.
fragilis, from which it widely differs, stands near O. gracilis,
Salm. (raised from Mexican seeds), but is sufficiently distinet.
(Salm.) Fruit by the abortion of the seeds very often sterile.
— I had occasion to observe this species in blossom, and add
the description of the flowers :

Floribus ex ramis anni prioris provenientibus ; ovario clavato
basi 5-gono sepalis subulatis sub-13 stipato; sepalis interiori-
bus 8 lanceolatis ex viridi sulphureis; petalis 8 obovato-lan-
ceolatis cuspidatis (sulphureis s. subvirescentibus) ; staminibus
numerosis (40—50) inequalibus (externis majoribus) ; stylo
exserto; stigmatibus 5 adpressis albidis. — The flower cannot
be distinguished from that of the Opuntie applanate, but it is
only 8—10 lines in diameter: ovary 9-12 lines long.
Flowers (in St. Louis) July and August.

O. arporescens, Engelm. in Wisl. Rep., is recognized by
Prince Salm as identical with his O. stellata; but as no de-

~

Planta Lindheimeriane. 209

scription of his plant has ever been published, he adopts the
above name. G. E,

CRASSULACE.

(245,) Sepum sparsirLorum, Nutt, Rocky soil, on the
Upper Guadaloupe. May, June.

UMBELLIFERAE.

} Hyprocoryie interrupta, Muhl.; Torr. § Gray, Fi.
1. p. 599. Swamps, along the Guadaloupe. July.

+ H. umpexyata, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, |. c. In pools
and clear streamlets on the Liano. October,

(613.) H. repanpa, Pers.; Torr. & Gray, l. c. Near
Fredericksburg, in moist places along creeks, creeping among
high grass. September.

(614.) Sanicuna Canapensis, Linn.; Torr. Fl. New
ane tap. 265. t. 32.

403. Erynei1um Leavenwortuu, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p.
604. Margin of woods, on clayey prairies, Comale Creek
and San Marco. August.— Plant annual, ornamental in
cultivation, when the heads turn red or purple.!

1 Lamarck first properly distinguished from Eryngium aquaticum, Zinn., the var.
6., and characterized it as a distinct species, under the name of E. Virginianum.
Later, Michaux, giving to the original &. aquaiicum of Linneus the uname of EZ.
yucce folium, described under the name of E. aquaticum, a plant which appears to
be, not the E, Virginianum of Lamarck (which is described as only a foot or so in
height, with long and narrow, ensiform, radical leaves, finely striate and ciliate,
with distant spinules, Lamarck moreover citing the figure of Pluk. Alm, t. 396),
but the much larger and broader-leaved plant which Elliott has well characterized
under that name, Elliott's H. Plukenetii is truly E. Virginianum, Lam, Iam
indebted to H. W, Ravenel, Esq., of St. Johns, Berkley, S. Carolina, for full speci-
mens and notes, accurately distinguishing these species, and another, which perhaps
has also been confounded with E. Virginianum, but which may properly bear the
name of this acute and zealous botanist, who has directed my attention to its char-
acters. The latter should stand next EB. aquaticum, L.

1. EK, Ravenscuii (sp. nov.): caule simplici; foliis linearibus elongatis compili-
cato-equitantibus subteretis nervulosis obsolete denticulatis, involucralibus trifidis
capitulo equalibus; paleis receptaculi uninervatis equaliter 3-spinosis calycis lobos
mucronato-acuminatos superantibus.—In flat and damp Pine land; common at Black
Oak, St. Johns, Berkley District, South Carolina, September, October. —Stem
from 14-3 feet high, slender. I possess no strictly radical leaves; those from near
the base of the stem are from 12-18 inches long, conduplicate in the dried plant, and

210 Planta Lindheimeriane.

(615.) CrcuTa MacuLATA, Linn. Banks of Comale Creek.
July. Plant 4 to 7 feet high.

404. DAUCOSMA, Engelm. & Gray.

Calycis dentes 5 subulati, persistentes. Petala obovata,
emarginata, cum lacinula apice emarginato-biloba inflexa. Sty-
lopodium conicum, persistens ; stylis elongatisreflexis. Fruc-
tus ovoideus, ala angustissima crassa cinctus : mericarpia jugis
5 crassis obtusis (in fruct. juniore subduplicibus aut dorso
exaratis). Valleculz univittate: commissura plana bivittata ;
vittis latis rectis. Semen semiteres. Carpophorum biparti-
tum.—Herba annua, glabra, odore forte Dauci (unde
nomen); caulibus 2—3-pedalibus ramosis striatis farctis ;
foliis ternati—quinatisectis, segmentis tripartitis, lobis lacini-
atis venosis lanceolatis, seu fol. supremorum lineari-setaceis ;
involucri et involucelli phyllis plurimis 3—5-partitis setaceis

3 or 4 lines wide at the base, thence tapering gradually to the apex. Ravenel de-
scribes them from the living plant as “terete, solid, but soft and spongy, with a
deep groove in the upper surface, and a few obsolete spinulose serratures.” He
remarks, that “the tube of the calyx is not entirely clothed with lanceolate vesi-
cles,” as in E. Virginianum, etc.; but I find that this character is not uniform.
The palee of the receptacle are larger; their three spiny cusps stronger and of
equal length, and the calyx-lobes much less pointed than in E. Virginianum, but
more so than in E.. aquaticum.

2. E. Vireinranum (Lam. Dict 4. p. 759): caule simplice vel apice cymoso;
foliis lineari-lanceolatis planis, inferioribus venulosis subspinuloso-serratis dentibus
uncinatis, radicalibusve fere integerrimis, superioribus §pinulosis seu laciniatis,
involucralibus trifidis vel 3-5-cuspidatis capitulo fructifero subequalibus; paleis
receptaculi trinervatis, tricuspidatis, cuspide medio longiore lobos calycis fructiferi
acuminato-aristatos subeequantibus. — E. lacustre Virginianum, &c., Pluk. Alm. t.
396, f. 3. E.aquaticum g. Linn. E. Plukenetii, Ell. Sk. 1. p. 582. Wet places,
margin of ponds and streams, New Jersey to Florida and Texas. Flowers in
August and September in the Northern States; in July and June farther south.
Plant one or two feet high. .

3. E. prmaLtum: caule 4-6-pedali superne ramoso; foliis lanceolatis planis
venosis serratis utrinque attenuatis, radicalibus magnis longe petiolatis costa valida,
summis linearibus spinuloso-dentatis incisisve, involucralibus capitulo 2-3-plo lon-
gioribus ; paleis receptaculi trinervatis breviter tricuspidatis lobos calycis fructiferi
subulato-acuminatos vix equantibus. — E. aquaticum, Michz. Fl. 1. p. 163, non
Linn. E. Virginianum, Ell. Sk. 1. p. 343, non Lam. — In tide swamps, 8. Carolina +
and Georgia; August. Michaux states he found it especially on Goose Creek, a
tributary of Cooper River, in the tide swamps of which it was gathered by Mr.
Ravenel. The lowest leaves are from one to two feet in length, and from 25-3
inches in breadth, not unlike those of a Rumex in appearance, on petioles a foot
or 18 inches in length. The palez are nearly as in E. Virginianum.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 211

radios umbelle et umbellularum plurimos subsequantibus ;
floribus albis. — Genus differt a proximo Cynosiadio petalis
inflexis, ab Aithusa calyce 5-dentato, ab Ginanthi carpophoro
distincto, etc.

404, Davcosma taciniatum, Engelm. & Gray. High val-
leys near New Braunfels and on the Upper Guadaloupe, cov-
ering large patches of moist prairie land, and along the
margin of thickets. Flowering in July.—The specimens
have only half grown fruit. The carpological characters of
the genus are derived from fruiting specimens of Lind-
heimer’s collection in 1849, just received, and from others
gathered by Mr. Wright the same year, on sand bars of the
upper part of the Nueces. — The whole plant exhales a strong
odor of Carrot.

(616.) Cuzropuytium Teinturiert, Hook. & Arn.: 8.
fructu pubescente,. Torr. & Gray, Fl. 1. p. 638. Shady
woods, New Braunfels. April, May. ‘Less rigid and erect
than the form with glabrous fruit, from the same locality.” !

1 From Mr. Wright, gathered in Western Texas, we have specimens of an evi-
dent congener of Tauschia nudicaulis, except that its fruit shows about 20 small
vitte, instead of six rather large ones. In this and many other respects, it accords
with Musenium, Nuét., of which I have no specimens (since No. 220 of Geyer’s
Oregon Collection does not agree with the generic character).

Tavuscnia (MusEniopsis) Texana (sp. nov.): glaberrima; foliis omnibus radi-
ealibus utrinque viridibus pinnato-decompositis, nempe pinnis 3-5 cum impari,
inferioribus petiolulatis (petiolulis ac petiolo gracili apteris) piunato —3 —5-partitis,
segmentis cuneiformibus 3-5-fidis, lobis oblongis obtusissimis; scapo simplicis-
simo nudo; involucro parvo 1-2-phyllo aut nullo; involucello dimidiato e phyllo
unico palmati 3-5-fido; radiis umbellule fructu didymo brevioribus ; mericarpiis
levigatis 18-20-vittatis, jugis obsoletis.— Western Texas, near Austin? Mr.
Charles Wright.— Root thick, perennial. Scape in fruit from 5 to 8 inches high,
longer than the leaves. Umbel 5-7-rayed. Fruits a line and a half long, very
smooth ; the filiform juge nearly obsolete at maturity.—No. 120 of Coulter's
Mexican Collection is Tauschia nudicaulis, as appears from an original specimen
from Schlechtendal, in flower only. No. 121 is apparently a distinct species, viz. :

Tauscuia Couttert (Gray § Harv. inéd.): breviter caulescens ; foliis ternati-
quinatisectis subtus glaucescentibus; segmentis ovalibus basi subcordatis cuneatisve
sepius trilobatis duplicato-dentatis, dentibus mucronatis ; involucro et involucello e
phyllo unico lineari integerrimo aut nullo; radiis umbellule fructu plus duplo lon-
gioribus. —Scapes in flower and fruit from 5 to 12 inches long, soon exceeding the
leaves. Petioles much dilated and sheathing at the base, as in 7. nudicaulis,
The larger leaflets an inch and a half long. Pedicels in fruit 4 or 5 lines in length.
Fruit fully two lines long; the juge rather prominent; vitta 6 in each mericarp,
rather large.

212 Planta Lindheimeriane.

405. Arrema Americana, DC. Prodr. 4. p. 250. Margin
of woods, in rocky, dry prairies, New Braunfels. May.

LORANTHAC.

406. PHoraDENDRON FLAvESCENS, Nutt.; Engelm. in PI.
Fendl. p. 59, in not.: var. g, puBEscEeNs, Engelm. Mss. On
Muskit trees, Upper Guadaloupe, Elms, &c.*

1 Dr. Engelmann communicates the subjoined revised character and remarks.

“PyoRADENDRON FLAVESCENS (Nult.): ramis teretibus; foliis oblanceolatis
obovatis nunc orbiculatis obtusis in petiolum brevem attenuatis trinerviis; spicis
masculis subverticillatis folium equantibus, articulis 4-5, 15 -35-floris ; fcernineis
suboppositis folio brevioribus, articulis 3-4 4-10-floris ; floribus depresso-globosis
annulato-carinatis ciliatis subtrifidis.— Var. a. GrasrivscuLum: foliis oblan-
ceolatis seu obovatis 3-nerviis in petiolum sensim attenuatis glabris ; ramis junio-
ribus puberulis: — 8. PpuBESCENS: foliis ut in a, sed puberulis ; ramulis canescenti-
bus: —y. orpicuLatum (Ph. orbiculatum, Engelm. Pl. Fendl.): foliis obovato-
orbiculatis in petiolum brevem abrupte contractis vix trinerviis subpubescentibus.—
New Jersey to Southern Missouri and New Mexico, and south to Texas. Var. a.
is the more northern form, mostly in low woods along water courses; §. in damp
places on Ulmus, Algarobia, and also Quercus falcata, near New Braunfels, San
Antonio, etc. y. in Texas and Arkansas on dry sterile land, on Quercus nigra and
other Oaks. Flowers, December to March; fruit ripens the following winter.

“The nearly related Phoradendron tomentosum, from South of the Rio Grande,
has smaller leaves, longer spikes, ete. Phoradendron villosum of Oregon has much
smaller and spatulate tomentose leaves, etc.

“J take this opportunity to make some corrections and additions to my paper on
Viscum and the related genera, printed as a note in Plante Fendleriane, pp.
58, 59.

“J, VISCUM. ..... . Bacca globosa; pulpusa, semipellucida, monosperma,
corolla persistente coronata.

“If. PHORADENDRON, Nutt. Flores dicci, globosi. Fl. mase. Perian-
thium 3-(raro 2-s.4-) lobum: anthere loborum basi adnate, transverse, biloculares, ~
poris s. timis verticalibus duabus dehiscentes. Fl: fem. Perianthium 3- (rare 2-s.
4-)- lobuin: ovarium inferum, tubo adnatum, uniloculare ; ovulo unico pendulo.
Stigma sessile, plus minus bilobum. Bacca globosa, pulposa, semipellucida, mo-
nosperma, perigonio persistente coronata. — Frutices Americani, etc. .

“* Foliosa; foliis lamina dilatata basi attenuatis ; spicis femineis plus minus
elongatis ex articulis pluribus plurifloris constitutis. }

“1. PHORADENDRON FLAVESCENS, Pursh, sub Visco. Vide supra.

“9, Py. romentosuM, DC., sub Visco.

“3. Px, vittosum, Nutt., sub Visco: tomentosum; ramis teretibus; foliis ob-
Janceolatis s. spathulatis obtusis in petiolum brevem attenuatis obscure trinerviis s.
subenerviis; spicis feemineis oppositis s. verticillatis abbreviatis 2 -3-articulatis ;
bracteis truncatis ; articulis brevibus, inferiore 6 -8-floro, superiore 2-floro ; floribus
depresso-globosis annulato-carinatis puberulis 3-fidis. — Wahlamet Woods, Oregon,
Nuttall. — Leaves 8-12 lines long, 3-4 lines wide. Spikes 3-4 lines long.
Flowers 0.5-0.6 of a line in diameter, like. those of the two foregoing species de-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 213

CAPRIFOLIACE®.

7 Lonicera aupirtora, Torr. & Gray, Fil. 2. p. 6.
Var. g. tubo corollz limbo paulo longiore aut equali. L.
anelica, Lindh. ined.— High rocky prairies between the

pressed, with an almost annular, ciliate carina. Stigma conspicuously bifid. —
The narrow, long, attenuate leaves and the short spikes distinguish it from PA.
tomentosum.

“5, Pu. LANCEOLATUM, Engelm. in Plant. Fendl. .

«“* * Sguamosa; foliis in squamulas connatas pelviformes reductis; spicis
feemineis ex articulis paucis 1 -2 floris constitutis.

“6, Pa. Catirornicum (Nutt.): glabrum; ramis elongatis strictis gracilibus
teretibus ; squamis ovato-lanceolatis patentibus basi connatis tenuiter ciliatis;
spicis femineis lateralibus oppositis 3-4-floris; floribus globosis trifidis glabris in
quovis articulo singulis s. binis cupul ciliate immersis ; spicis fructiferis elonga-
tis; baccis globosis. — Sierra Nevada of California, on some species of Strombocar-
pus, Dr. Gamédel. Intermediate and connecting the leafy and scaly species of this
genus, though properly belonging to the latter. Scales longer than the diameter
of the branch, patulous. Branches a foot or more long (Nuttall); ultimate joints
7-9 lineslong; flowering spikes about 3 lines, and fruiting spikes 9 lines long.
Fruit 3 lines in diameter. Flowering spikes with 2 lateral linear-lanceolate ciliate
bracts at base, consisting of 3 joints, the lower being always sterile, the two upper
ones producing each two or by abortion single flowers. In the fruit-bearing spike
these joints are in such a manner elongated that the (typically axillary) fruit is car-
ried up to the top of the joint, just below the next pair of leaves (or scales). Stigma
globose, very slightly bilobed.

“7, PHORADENDRON JUNIPERINUM, Engim. in Plant. Fend.

“TII ARCEUTHOBIUM, M. Bieb. Flores dicci, ovati, compressi. FY.
masc. Perianthium 3- (raro 4-) partitum. Anthere lobis mediis adnate, unicellu-
losze, rima transversa dehiscentes. F7. Fam. Perianthium breviter pedicellatum,
2- (raro 3-) dentatum: ovarium inferum, tubo adnatum, uniculoculare ; ovulo unico
pendulo. Stigma sessile, conicum. Bacca carnosa, opaca, ovata, compressa, peri-
gonio persistente coronata. — Frutices gerontogei et Americani glaberrimi, aphy]li,
articulati; foliis squameeformibus in vaginulas pelviformes s. cupuliformes conna-
tis; floribus axillaribus terminalibusque seepe spicam simplicem s. compositam
mentientibus ; fl. masculis 1 -3 sessilibus, foemineis plerumque singulis brevissime
incluso-pedicellatis; baccis perigonio aucto plerumque discolore coronatis ssepius
exserte pedicellatis extus carnosis intus viscidis.

“1, A, Oxyceprr (M. Bieb.): caule ramisque oppositis s. dichotomis com-
presso-teretibus gracilibus strictis; ramulis ultimis compresso-sub-quadrangulatis ;
squamis triangularibus in vaginulas pelviformes connatis; floribus feemineis in
ultimis ramulorum articulis axillaribus terminalibusque in quavis axilla singulis s.
binis ; baccis exserto-pedicellatis, erectis. — Southern Europe, etc. The specimen
before me is from Fiume.— Lowest joints of the ultimate branchlets sterile ; the
next joint producing two leaf buds; the 2 to 4 following joints bearing flowers, one
of which is terminal. The usual state probably is, where only the two last joints
bear flowers, the ultimate one a terminal, and the next below two lateral flowers ;
that js the state described by Decandolle ; ‘floribus feemineis ad ramulorum apices
tribus.’ But in the specimen before me most branchlets bear from 5 to 9 flowers,

JOURNAL B. S. N. H. 28 JAN, 1950.

214 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Guadaloupe and Pierdenales. Comanche Spring. April.
«A rough, unsightly shrub, from 4 to 6 feet high; only the
young shoots show any inclination to climb or twine. Flow-

on the three or four last joints, one or two in each axilla. Flowers minute, 0.3 of a
line wide and 0.4 long, on very short, enclosed pedicels, which apparently are elon-
gated immediately after flowering. Pedicel of the young fruit (ripe fruits not seen)
half the length of the fruit.

“9, A. Amertcanum (Nutt.): caule ramisque fasciculatis teretibus gracilibus
patulis; squamis truncatis in vaginulas dilatatas cupuliformes connatis ; floribus
masculis axillaribus terminalibusque nec spicatis. — Oregon, on Pinus, Nuttall. —
Considerably resembling the slender forms of var. a. of the next species, but
smaller, slenderer, and at once distinguished by the terete branches, the fasciculated
branchlets, and much dilated vaginule. Female plant and fruit unknown to me.

“3, A. CAMPYLOPODUM (7. sp.): Tamis oppositis seu dichotomis compresso-
quadrangulatis; squamis truncatis breviter cuspidatis in vaginulas subcylindricas
cupuliformes connatis; floribus axillaribus terminalibusque plerumque in spicam
simplicem s. compositam aggregatis, masculis singulis vel binis ternisve, foemineis
in quavis axilla singulis; baccis exserto-pedicellatis patulis s. recurvis. — Var. @.
MACRARTHRON: caule compresso vix angulato; ramis plerumque gracilioribus;
articulis plus minus elongatis; floribus feemineis sparsis et in ramulis brevibus
paucis seu in spicas simplices aggregatis. — 6. ? BRACHYARTHRON: caule tereti ro-
busto; ramis robustis articulis abbreviatis diametro vix longioribus; floribus
foemineis in spicas densas compositas aggregatis.—I have comprised under this
name different forms, which, when better known, will probably have to be separated
as distinct species. My specimens are so incomplete that I can not even satisfactorily
determine whether the different forms which constitute the first of the two varie-
ties will finally be retained under one species. — Var. a. has been found in Oregon
(only on Pinus ponderosa), Geyer; in New Mexico (only on Pinus edulis,) Fendler,
282; and in California, Douglas.—The specimens from New Mexico (only male
and female flowers seen) have short female spikes, bearing 2 to 5 flowers, or the
flowers are scattered on the branchlets: the flowers are elliptical, 0.4 lines wide and
0.5 long, almost sessile. Geyer’s Oregon plant (I have seen only a fruiting speci-
men) has more elongated many-flowered female spikes; the flowers apparently
ovate ; pedicel hardly one third the length of the (not quite ripe) fruit. The Cali-
fornian plant (male and female flowers and fruit) is much stouter: male flowers
twice as large as in the specimens from New Mexico, and not rarely 4-parted;
female flowers in more elongated spikes, elliptico orbicular, small, 0.4 to 0.5 line in
diameter; the recurved pedicel more than half the length of the fruit, which is 2
lines long and 1,3 wide.— Var.? 8. has been collected in Mexico by Coulter.
I can hardly doubt it to be a distinct species ; but my means to distinguish it are at
present too limited. The stout terete stem, the short joints which are hardly longer
than wide, the crowded compound or panicled spikes which resemble those of the
following species, and the larger ovate (not elliptical) flowers appear to indicate
specific distinction. Fem. flowers 0.6 lines wide and 0.8 lines long: fruit 2 lines
long and 1.2 lines in transverse diameter, the pedicel more than half as long as the
fruit: male flowers not seen.

“4, A. crypTopopuM (n. sp.): caule ramisque acute quadrangulatis robustis
articulis brevioribus ; squamis truncatis in vaginulas cupulatas connatis ; floribus in
spicas densas compositas congestis, feemineis ovatis in quavis axilla singulis;

Planta Lindheimeriane. 215

ers dirty white.” — Mr. Wright has sent the same plant from
near Austin. The leaves on the flowering branches are from
an inch to an inch anda half long; those of young sterile
shoots larger. Tube of the corolla 5 lines long. —I possess
no specimen of the original L. albiflora; from which this
apparently differs only as the L. flava 6. Torr. & Gray, I. ¢.
differs from the type of that species.’

RUBIACE.

(617.) Gatrom vireatum, Nutt. in Torr. & Gr. Fil. 2. p.
20: var. caulibus laxioribus. —New Braunfels; “ covering
large patches of naked prairie, mixed with little grass. April.
To this species plainly belongs the Galium Texanum, Scheele
_ tm Linnea, 21. p. 597, gathered by Roemer.

(618.) G. rrirtorum, Michx.: forma pusilla, junior, foliis
subspathulatis. New Braunfels. April.

(619.) G. uncinutatum, DC. Prodr. 4. p.600? G. Cali-
fornicum 7. Texanum, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 20. New
Braunfels. April. Allied to this is G. hypadenium, Schauer.

(247.) Diop1a tricocca, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 30:
Sterile soil in high places, near New Braunfels. June.

(620.) Hepyoris (mpHioris) steNopHyLiLA, Torr. &

baccis brevissime incluso-pedicellatis erectis. —Santa Fe, only on Pinus brachyp-
tera, A. Fendler, No. 283.— Hooker’s A. Orycedri from the Hudson Bay country
appears to belong here: the figure shows at least subsessile, erect fruits; but the
segments of the male flowers are broadly oval, while those of the New Mexican
plant are lanceolate.” G. ENGELMANN.

1 From the collection made by Lindheimer in 1849, Dr. Engelmann communicates
the following:

SympnoricaRpus spicatus (Engelm. Mss.): foliis obovatis obtusis brevissime
petiolatis supra demum glabratis subtus pubescentibus pallidis; floribus (15 - 30)
in spicas axillares arcte glomeratas congestis ; corollis intus barbatis ; baccis rubris.
— Shady bottom woods, New Braunfels. A small shrub, 2 or 3 feet high, with
numerous slender branches. Leaves about three fourths of an inch long, half an
inch wide ; the lower leaves wider, almost orbicular. Spikes from 4 to 6, or in fruit
8 or 10, lines long. Flowers a little smaller than in S. glomeratus, to which our
species bears a strong affinity. It is, however, distinguished by its smaller, obtuse
leaves, the spiked flowers, the larger and apparently more juicy fruit, and the
broader, more compressed seeds. Of the numerous flowers in each spike only a
few mature fruit.” Engelm.

216 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Gray, Fl. 2. p. 41. Var. corollis minoribus.— Rocky soil
on the plateau above New Braunfels. June.

(621.) Hepyoris (Houstonia) HuMIFUSA (n. Sp.): annua,
dichotome ramosissima, depressa, glutinoso-puberula ; foliis
lineari-lanceolatis imis in petiolum attenuatis mucronatis
crassiusculis ; stipulis dilatatis scariosis setaceo-dentatis ; flori-
bus in dichotomiis solitariis binisve breviter pedunculatis ;
tubo corollz infundibuliformis lobis oblongis supra puberulis
sublongiore lacinias calycis 4-partiti subulato-setaceas paulo
superantibus ; capsula pendula didyma puberula basi tantum
calyci accreta ; seminibus in loculis paucis ovoideis. — Open
gravelly banks of streamlets, near Fredericksburg. May.
(Also in sandy prairies at Austin, Mr. Charles Wright.) —
Stems 3 or 4 inches long, fastigiate, very leafy, in cultivation -
(in the Cambridge Botanic Garden) close pressed to the
ground, and forming a dense patch, flowering through the
summer. Lower leaves somewhat spatulate, an inch long ;
the others linear and smaller. Corolla pale purple or nearly
white, 3 lines long; the lobes more or less downy inside.
Stigma two-lobed. The flowers are dicecio-dimorphous, after
the manner of the genus and its allies; one plant having the
linear anthers deeply included, and a long style with the
stigma exserted; the other with a short, included style, and
with the stamens inserted in the throat of the corolla. Both
forms are abundantly fertile. The seeds are not hollowed on
the inner face. — This species is intermediate in characters
between Houstonia, Amphiotis, and Ereicotis, and should
perhaps stand in a separate section, along with H. rubra,
although the latter is in some respects quite a different plant.
I was mistaken in stating (in Pl. Fendl. p. 61), that H. rubra
had been met with in Texas. No. 621 is the form with sub-
exserted stamens, and short style.

(622.) The same species with subexserted style and
included stamens. Sandy prairies on the Pierdenales. May.

407. Fepia (VatertaneLLa) srenocarPa (Engel.
Mss.) : fructu glabro anguste oblongo, loculis sterilibus paral-

Plante Lindheimeriane. Q17

lelis semine multo minoribus: cet. F. radiate sed fructu mi-
nore. — Thickets in light soil, near San Antonio, New
Braunfels, &c. March. This, Dr. Engelmann, probably
with good reason, considers as distinct from the F’. radiata
with glabrous fruit (the form that alone occurs around St.
Louis.) ‘The fruit is not only much smaller and more slen-
der than that of EF. radiata, but the proportion of the empty
cells is different ; these being much smaller than the seed;
while in the former they are about equal, and in F’. carinata
(which has a different habit) larger. Cauline leaves often
deeply dentate at the base, or almost pinnatifid, but some-
times entire.” Engel.’

COMPOSITZ.

408. Vernonia LinpHeEmmerR!I: perennis, bipedalis; foliis
anguste linearibus confertis sessilibus uninerviis margine re-
volutis supra glabris punctatis subtus cauleque simplici seri-
ceo-tomentosis; capitulis corymbosis breviter pedunculatis
30—40-floris; squamis involucri cano-tomentosi pappo rubi-
ginoso brevioribus conformibus appressis oblongis obtusis
exappendiculatis ; acheniis glabris 10-costatis glandulosis ;
pappo exteriori multisquamellato. Gray & Engelm. in Pro-
ceed. Amer. Acad. 1. p. 46.— Rocky hill sides, and high
rocky plains, near New Braunfels, &c. July, August. Also
near Seguin, &c. Mr. Wright. A very well-marked and hand-
some species. In cultivation in the Cambridge Botanic Gar-
den, it does net blossom until near the end of September.

1 From the collection of 1849, Dr. Engelmann has communicated the characters
of another species, viz.

FepiA AMARELLA (Lindh. Mss.): “glaberrima, erecta, versus apicem dicho-
tomo-cymosa; foliis inferioribus spathulatis basi longe attenuatis, superioribus ob-
longo-linearibus sessilibus vel basi subcordatis, omnibus integris obtusis ; fructibus
. Minimis subgloboso-ovatis obtuse auriculatis hispidis, loculis sterilibus fertili sub-
globoso multo angustioribus brevioribusque pene obliteratis. —Comanche Spring;
flowering in May.— Plant 8 to 12 inches high, in habit similar to F. radiata and
F'. stenocarpa; but the leaves are entire in all the specimens ; and the fresh herb has
a bitter taste, which the other species have not. The fruit is much smaller than
in any other species known to me; the sterile cells many times smaller than the
seed, their cavity almost obliterated.” Engelm.

218 Plante Lindheimeriane.

The appropriate name of V. rosmarinifolia, given to this
species by Mr. Lindheimer, is preoccupied by Lessing.

409. Cuavierra Ripveitiu, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 77.
Gravelly banks of the Upper Pierdenales, and of the Guada-
loupe. September, October. — Plants 3 or 4 feet high, suf-
fruticose.

410. Kuuanra evpatorioiwes, Linn. §. corymButosa: for-
ma humilis. K. suaveolens, Fresenius. K. Maximiliani, Sin-
ning in Neuwied, Trav. Dry, rocky prairies near New
Braunfels. November. Also, Comanche Spring, ‘“ with
beautiful red or yellow flowers.” Landh.

411. K. evupatroriompEs, 0. GRAcILLIMA: foliis angustis-
sime linearibus marginibus revolutis seu filiformibus. Dry,
gravelly bed of the Pierdenales and Cibolo Rivers. October.
—The same as No. 305 of Pl. Fendleriane (also found by
Mr. Wright on the Rio Grande), but with still narrower
leaves. It would seem to be distinct from K. eupatorioides
y. Torr. & Gray; yet I find no characters besides the more
attenuated leaves. I notice that it is the Kuhnia leptophylla,
Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 598, described from Lindheimer’s
specimens.

+ Liatris puncrata, Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1. p. 206. t. 55.
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 69. Var. 6. Rocky prairies between
the Rio Colorado and Guadaloupe. July.

412. Bricxeityia (BuLBostyLis) CYLINDRACEA: cinereo-
pubescens et resinoso-atomifera, herbacea e radice lignea;
foliis plerisque oppositis triplinervils subtus reticulato-venosis
oblongo-ovatis obtusiusculis grosse serratis brevissime petio-
latis, ramealibus subsessilibus ; capitulis pedunculatis in pani-
culam foliosam laxe corymbosam digestis; involucri 10-flori
cylindrici squamis 4-seriatim imbricatis arachnoideo-ciliatis
striatis mucronato-acuminatis, intimis linearibus pappum bar-
bellato-serrulatum zequantibus, exterioribus multo brevioribus
ovalibus appressis; acheniis puberulis. Gray & Engl. in
Proceed. Amer. Acad. l. c.—In stony thickets on the Upper
Guadaloupe. September, October. Also near Fredericks-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 219

burg; and in the same region, by Mr. Wright. — Stems
numerous, from a woody perennial root, two to four feet
high. Heads 7 lines long. — Differs from Clavigera only in
the merely serrulate pappus. Can it be C. dentata, DC.?

413. Evparortum aGeratirotium, DC.,. 8. Trxensn.
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 90. — E. Lindheimerianum, Scheele,
in Linnea, 21. p. 599. Rocky, Cedar woods, New Braun-
fels. October. Also gathered by Mr. Wright in Western
Texas. — A shrubby plant, with slender branches, from four
to ten feet high. In the cultivated plant the copious and
showy blossoms are pure white.

+ E. serorinum, Michx. Margin of woods, New Braun-
fels. August.

+ Aster sericeus, Vent. Hort. Cels. t. 33. Banks of the
Upper Pierdenales. October.

(249.) A. Drummonnu, Lindl.; DC. Prodr. 5. p. 234;
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 121. Thickets, on rocky banks of
the Upper Pierdenales. October.

{ A. muttirtorus, At.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 124.
Dry prairies of the Upper Guadaloupe and Pierdenales. Oc-
tober.

A. vireatus, Ell. Sk. 2. p. 253; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p.
116. Thickets on the Cibolo River. October.

+ A. carnevs, Nees.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 133. Up-
per Pierdenales. October, 1845.

7 A. carneus. Nees. Var. foliis angustioribus linearibus.
On the Pierdenales.

(624.) A. carneus f. suBasper, Torr. & Gray, l. c.
Thickets and along streamlets, on the Pierdenales and Liano.
October.

t A. simptex, §. Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 182. Rocky
soil, margin of thickets. October.

+ A. pivaricatus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 163. On the
Pierdenales and Liano; in moist, fertile soil. Stems 2-4
feet high, sometimes leafless. Rays light blue.

(623.) A. spinosus, Benth. Pl. Hartw. p. 20; Torr. &

220 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Gray, Fl. 2. p. 165. Banks of the Liano. October. Also
on the Brazos. ‘Shrubby, 6 to 8 feet high; the perennial
stems half an inch thick, branching above [the branches her-
baceous]. Leaves few and small, [scale-like or subulate],
spinescent or soft, or none.” Lindh.

(626.) ErtgzrRon CanaDENsE (. GLABRATUM. E. strictum,
DC.! Prodr. 5. p. 289, sed panicula composita expansa.
Prairies north of the Liano, among granite rocks. October.
—De Candolle’s E. strictum is certainly not to be distin-
guished as a species from E. Canadense.

_(627.) E. mopestum, Gray, Pl. Fendl. in Mem. Amer.
Acad. n. ser. 4. p. 68. Distasis modesta, DC., Prodr. 5. p.
279? Rocky soil, north of New Braunfels, and near the
sources of the Pierdenales. June and October. — The
squamelle and the fragile sete of the pappus are more numer-
ous than in the character of Distasis modesta, DC. Our
plant is an undoubted Erigeron. Had it more numerous rays
it would fall into the section Phalacroloma, before E. tenue.
As it is, it belongs rather to Pseuderigeron.

414. Eauetes ramosisstima, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p, 71.
Aphanostephus ramosissimus, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 310. A.
Riddellii, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 189. Dry, sandy, or
stony prairies of the Guadaloupe and Pierdenales. April
to August.—JIn cultivation this plant flowers abundantly
through the whole summer, and is quite ornamental. The
heads droop before anthesis; and the white rays are usually
tinged with pink or purple underneath.

415. Keeruia peviipvirouia (Gray § Engelm. in Proceed.
Amer. Acad. 1. p. 47): annua, diffusa, hirsutulo-pubescens ;
caulibus foliosis dichotomo-ramosis ; ramis ramulisque mono-
cephalis ; foliis spathulatis obtusis mucronulatis integerrimis,
summis sublinearibus, omnibus inferne attenuatis, radicalibus
obovatis petiolatis ; involucri campanulati squamis biserialibus
oblongis membranaceis nitidis mucronato-acuminatis margini-
bus late scariosis; ligulis (cyaneis) 9-14 lineari-oblongis ;
fl. disci plusquam 20 plerisque fertilibus; acheniis clavato-

Plante Lindheimeriane. 221

fusiformibus vix compressis 7—9-nerviis hirtellis coronula
integra sepius obsoleta superatis.— Margin of woods and
thickets, in sterile soil, Comale Creek and near New Braun-
fels (also 628.) April to June. A summer state, very much
branched and with smaller capituli, was gathered in Western
Texas by Mr. Wright. The plant has much the aspect of
Bellis integrifolia, though the heads are rather smaller, and it
_ branches diffusely in the same way, the branches terminated
by single capituli.— The type of the genus Keerlia must be
K. ramosa, DC., a Mexican plant collected by Keerl himself,
and with which the present plant appears to be a true con-
gener. K. linearifolia, DC. is thought to have yellow rays,
which leaves its position doubtful. K. skirrobasis, DC., and
of Delessert’s as well as of Hooker’s figure, is doubtless Leu-
copsidium Arkansanum, DC., the Egletes Arkansana, Nutt.,
as I have already remarked in Proceed. Amer. Acad. l. ¢.,
and in Plante Fendleriane, p. 71. ‘The genus, as it thus
stands, takes the place in this country of Brachycome, from
which; as well as from Bellis, it is well distinguished by its flat
receptacle. Mr. Lindheimer’s recent collection enables us to
add another Texan species, of a peculiar aspect, and remark-
able for its fewer-flowered heads, its flattened ray-achenia,
and entirely sterile disk,! viz.

1 An amended character of the genus is subjoined : —

KEERLIA, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 309. excl. sp. 2. et forte 1.

Capitulum multiflorum radiatum ; ligulis 6-25 uniserialibus femineis; fl. disci
hermaphroditis vel abortu masculis 5-dentatis. Involucrum campanulatum aut
turbinatum, pauci-—pluriseriale; squamis oblongis mucronatis vel acuminatis mar-
gine late scariosis. Receptaculum planum nudum. Achenia subteretia vel com-
pressa, disci omnia aut centralia sepe/inania. Pappus parvus coroniformis.
—Herhbe Mexican et Texane, humiles, ramos; foliis alternis sessilibus inte-
gris ; capitulis parvulis solitariis vel paniculatis; ligulis albis vel ceeruleis.

§ 1. Achenia subteretia, fusiformia vel obpyramidata, nervosa: styli fl. disci ap-
pendice brevi obtusa superati. — Caules dichotome ramosi, ramis apice nudis mono-
cephalis, capitulis multifloris.

1. K. ramosa, DC. 2. K. Betiipiroira, Gray g§ Engelm. supra. ?K.
LINEARIFOLIA, DC,
§ 2. Achenia radii plano-compressa calloso-marginata, disci omnia inania gra-

JOURNAL B.S. N. H. 29 JAN. 1850.

222 Plante. Lindheimeriane.

(629.) K. Errusa (sp. nov.): perennis? caule virgato ad
apicem usque folioso hirsuto ; foliis utrinque hispidis oblongis
obtusis integerrimis e basi lata arcte sessilibus, infimis subspa-
thulatis basi attenuatis, costa supra impressa subtus promi-
nula; panicula decomposita patentissima, ramulis peduncu-
lisque filiformibus; bracteis minimis subulatis ; involucri
turbinati squamis gradatim imbricatis oblongis marginibus
scariosis obtusissimis cuspidato-mucronatis ; ligulis albis 5—7
oblongis; fl. disci 7-10 sterilibus; acheniis radii plano-
compressis ovalibus calloso-marginatis ad margines presertim
hirtellis faciebus fere enerviis apice acutatis pappo minimo
setuloso-coroniformi superatis, disci omnibus abortivis gracili-
bus, pappo ut in radio. — Shady declivities, on the banks of
the Upper Guadaloupe, near Comanche Spring. August,
September. Stem from 18 to 30 inches high, very leafy to
the top; the leaves about an inch long, not unlike those of
Aster patens, but not clasping. Heads very numerous: invo-
lucre scarcely more than two lines long.

416. GymnospeRMuM corymBosum, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 312;
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 192. Rocky and naked limestone
terraces between the headwaters of the San Antonio and
Guadaloupe rivers. August—October.— The leaves are
nearly lanceolate.

(80.) Gurtierrezia Texana, Torr. & Gray, l.c. New
Braunfels, in large masses on sterile soil. July, August.

417. Souipaco speciosa y. RigIpIuscuLa, Torr. & Gray:
foliis angustioribus, capitulis majusculis. S. Lindheimeriana,
Scheele in Linnea, 21. p. 599. On limestone gravel in the
dry bed of the Cibolo, between New Braunfels and San An-
tonio. October.'
cilia: styli fl. disci steril. appendice gracili lanceolata hispida superati. — Caulis
strictus, panicula polycephala composita, pedunculis pedicellisque filiformibus pa-

tentissimis, capitulis paucifloris.

3. K. errusa: vide supra. — Like Brachycome, which it represents in America,
Keerlia as thus constituted exhibits both terete and compressed achenia.

1 Solidago cylindrica, Scheele in Linnea, 1. c., from Virginia, appears to be 8.
speciosa 8. angustata, Torr. §- Gray.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 223

+S. wemorauis, Ait.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 220.
Prairies, Upper Pierdenales. October.

+ S. mvcana g? Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 221. On declivi- _
ties, Upper Pierdenales. October.

+ S. pecemriora, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 332. Prairies, Upper
Pierdenales. October.— This, if rightly identified, must
stand next to S. Radula, from which it differs in having con-
siderably larger heads, narrower involucral scales, and cine-
reous entire triplinerved leaves. —It has been abundantly
collected at Comanche Spring, in October, 1849.

(253.) Isoparpus pivaricatus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p.
239: pedunculis brevioribus. On granite along the Liano.
November.

+ ApLopaprus spinuLosus, DC.; Torr. & Gray, l. c. Var.
segmentis foliorum rachique filiformi-setaceis. Sandy soil
under Muskit bushes, on the Liano.

(630.) Centaurip1um Drummonpn, Torr. & Gray, EL 2:
p- 246. Dry, rocky prairies on the Liano. November. —
Raised from Texan seeds in the Cambridge Botanic Garden,
this proves to be a very showy plant. Its numerous, golden
yellow rays are fully an inch in length. The radical and
lowest cauline leaves are strongly laciniate-pinnatifid or even
bipinnatifid. .

418. Grinpeia squarrosa, Dunal; DC. Prodr. 5. p.
314. G. Texana, Scheele, in Linnea, 21. p. 60. Stony
prairies, New Braunfels. August. Plant 2 to 4 feet high,
branching above; the heads nearly an inch in diameter,
larger, indeed, than ordinary for G. squarrosa, to which, how-
ever, it clearly belongs.

(631.) Curvropsis nisprpa, Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. 2. p. 22;
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 255. Var. srenopuyiya: foliis line-
ari-spathulatis. On the Liano growing, from strong ligneous
roots, in the crevices of smooth granite rocks. November.

419. C. canescens, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 256. Rocky
prairies, on the Comale and Upper Guadaloupe. June —
August.

224 Plante Lindheimeriane. —

(625.) Baccuaris Trxana, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 75. Li-
nosyris Texana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 232. Dry, granitic
prairies, and on granite rocks on the Liano; often exclusively
covering large patches. November.

(634.) B. aneusrirotia, Miche. Fl. 2. p. 125; Torr. &
Gray, Fl. 2. p. 258. pl. masc. Banks of the Liano, in gran-
itic gravel. October.— Shrub 6 to 10 feet high. The
larger leaves are three inches long, two or three lines wide,
and beset with a few salient teeth. Mr. Wright gathered the
same plant on the Rio Grande, along with B. cerulescens.
It seems to be the B. angustifolia ; but it is remarkable that
it should occur so far inland.

(635.) B. aneusrirotia, Michx.: pl. fom. fructifera.
With the preceding.

(420.) Puucnea campHorata, DC.; Torr. & Gray, FI.
2. p. 261. Var. involucris floribusque rubescentibus. Banks
of Comale Creek, in clayey prairie soil. September.. (Some
few specimens of P. fetida are distributed under this num-
ber.) aad

(421.) Fraeinorsis mutticauis, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p.
263. Dry prairies, New Braunfels, &c. April.’

(632.) A variety of the last, from the same region, more
branched and depressed, the chaff all woolly.

(633.) Diaperta protirera, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2.
p. 264. Evax prolifera, Nutt. in DC. Prodr. 5. p. 459.
Dry prairies, New Braunfels. April.

(422.) Amputacnyris pracuncuLomeEs, DC. Prodr. 5. p.
313; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 192. Gutierrezia Lindheime-
riana, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 351. Rocky prairies of the

1 It is hard to say upon what plants (from a Texan collection, made by Remer,)
Mr. Scheele has founded two new species of Filago, viz. Filago repens, and F.
Texana, Scheele in Linnea, 22, p. 164. If they are rightly described as having
“Floseuli centrales tubulosi perfecti pappo capillari instructi,’’ they are not our
species of Filaginopsis, nor Diaperia. We know of no indigenous North American
Filago this side of California, nor of any naturalized species except J”. Germanica.

It may be seen, moreover, that no great reliance can be placed on this writer’s
determinations.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 225

Guadaloupe, north of New Braunfels, in large patches.
September.

(636.) Mexampopium cinereum, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 518;
Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 78. M. leucanthum, Torr. & Gray, Fi.
2. p. 271. Roc y declivities, Upper Pierdenales. May —
October. — The plant is ornamental in cultivation, and bears
a profusion of blossoms through the whole season.

(637.) Ponymyta Uvepvaia, Linn.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2.
p- 273. Bottom woods of the Guadaloupe. September.
“Rays short, rarely seen.” But plants raised from the seeds
in the Botanic Garden, develop rays of nearly the usual size
for this species.

423. Bertanpiera Trexana, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 517. Mar-
gin of woods, in dry, stony soil, New Braunfels. May.

424 (638). Linpnuemera, Gray § Engel.

Capitulum multiflorum, monoicum; floribus radii 4—5
ligulatis, foemineis, ad axillas squamarum involucri inte-
riorum sitis; fl. disci circiter 20, tubulosis, sterilibus. In-
volucrum duplex; exterius e squamis 4—5 laxis linearibus
foliaceis; interius totidem membranaceo-foliaceis oblongis
planis disco longioribus. Receptaculum planum, paleis char-
taceis ovaria sterilia amplectentibus onustum, binis exterio-
ribus basi cujusque squam. inter. invol. adnatis, persistentibus.
Ligule ovales, breviter tubulate, involucrum vix superantes:
corolla disci 4—5-dentata. Styli fl. ster. filiformes, indivisi,
hispidi, Achenia radii ovalia, obcompresso-plana, marginato-
alata, intus subcarinata, carina apice in dentem parvum re-
flexum producta, alis in pappum 2-dentatum extensis; disci
abortiva. — Herba monocarpica, erecta, scabro-hispida ; caule
dichotomo; pedunculis subcymoso-paniculatis gracilibus mo-
nocephalis; capitulis nutantibus ; foliis imis alternis grosse
dentatis, caeteris oppositis sessilibus oblongo-ovatis basi hine
inde dentatis, summis pedunculisque glandulis patelliformibus

226 Plante Lindheimeriane.

conspersis. Flores aurei.— Genus eximium, Berlandicre et
Engelmanniz cognatum, diximus in honorem ejus acerrimi
inventoris, qui floram Texanam largiter indagavit.

424. L. Texana, Gray & Engelm. in Proceed. Amer.
Acad. 1. p. 47. In thickets and rocky Cedar woods, New
Braunfels ; also Comanche Spring, &c. (638). Also gathered
in Western Texas by Mr. Wright. This has been cultivated
now for two seasons in the Cambridge Botanic Garden as
an annual; it copiously produces its neat flowers through the
summer, and until killed by autumnal frosts.

+ Sippxium Lactniatum, Linn. Prairies and open woods,
New Braunfels. July.

425. Encetmannia pinnatiripa, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p.
283. E. Texana, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 155. Upper
Guadaloupe, on rocky hillsides, and in dry and hard prairie
soil. April.

(639.) E. prynatiripa ; var. foliis majoribus submembran-
aceis. Comanche Spring, and New Braunfels.

426. Parruensum Hystreropuorvs, Linn.; Torr. & Gray,
Fl. 2. p. 248. Muskit Flats, near San Antonio, and in the
streets of that town. April to October.

427. Iva ancustiroui1a, Nutt. in DC. Prodr. 5. p. 529;
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 279. Comanche Spring, &c., in
rocky, moist soil, and in the dry bed of streams, in large
masses. ‘Used in brewing beer, in place of hops.”

428, Amprosia apTeRA, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 527. A. trifida
g. Texana, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 156. Low grounds,
New Braunfels. August. Closely allied to A. trifida,
but readily distinguished by the marginless petioles, terete
stems, and the quite different fruit. The fruit is much
smaller, generally 8-ribbed, and merely 4—6-tuberculate.

429. A. coronoprrotia, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 291;
var. asperula, capitulis minoribus, fructibus interdum 6-tu-
berculatis. A. Lindheimeriana, Scheele in Linna@a, 22. p. -
156. Moist prairies, near New Braunfels. August.

Planta Lindheimeriane. Q27

430. A. cornonopiroLia, var. gracilis, foliis minus divisis,
capitulis minoribus. A. glandulosa, Scheele, l.c. p. 157. In
the gravel of the dry bed of the Cibolo. September.

(640.) Franserta tenuironia, Gray & Harv. m PI.
Fendl. p. 80; var. TRIPINNATIFIDA: segmentis foliorum cre-
bris brevioribus. — Mountain prairies of the Liano, along the
margin of thickets. November. — This pretty clearly belongs
to the same species as the plant which Fendler collected at
Santa Fe; but all the lower leaves are tripinnately parted,
their segments shorter and broader; and only the upper
bipinnately parted leaves have the terminal lobes prolonged.
The fertile involucre, in the specimens examined, is only one-
celled and one-flowered ; and so it sometimes is in Fendler’s
specimen. It is, like that, minutely scabrous-pubescent, and
the spines, which are more developed and more numerous
than in Fendler’s plant, but much shorter than in EF. Hooke-
riana, all have uncinate points.

431. Hates Texana, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 83. Tetrago-
notheca Texana, Gray §& Engelm. in Proceed. Amer. Acad.
1. p. 48. Tetragonosperma lyratifolium, Scheele in Linnea,
22. p. 167. Upper Guadaloupe and Cibolo Rivers, on rocky
ridges. April. Also gathered by Mr. Wright.—In cultiva-
tion here it blossoms through the summer. The minute
pappus is apt to escape notice, except in the living plant.

(94.) Ecuinacea aneustirotia, DC. On the Pierdenales,
Comanche Spring, &c. May. ‘“ Root very pungent. Flow-
ers somewhat fragrant.”’

y+ Rupsecxta sicotor, Nutt. Pierdenales. June. In
cultivation, the brown-purple color is commonly obsolete or
wanting on the ligules of all the later heads.

(641.) Dracopris amptexicauis, Cass.; DC. Prodr. 5. p.
558; var. ligulis basi atropurpureis. On the Pierdenales.
June.

(642.) Lepacnys COLUMNARIS #. PULCHERRIMA, Torr. &
Gray, Fil. 2. p. 315. Rich, clayey prairies, New Braunfels.
June.

2298 Plante Lindheimeriane.

432. ALpDAMA UNISERIALIS. Gymnopsis uniserialis, Hook.
Ic. Pl. t. 145; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 317. Shady woods,
On Comale Creek. June— August. In this and the allied
species, united by De Candolle with Gymnolomia, H. B. K.,
under the common name of Gymnopsis, “the remarkable
- manner in which the fertile achenia of the disk are inclosed
in the pale of the receptacle, like those of the ray-flowers in
Melampodium, seems fully to warrant the retaining for them
Llave and Lexarsa’s generic name, Aldama.” Benth. Voy.
Sulph. p. 116.

433. Simsta (Barrattia: achenia calva glabra) cava.
Barrattia calva, Gray & Engelm. in Proceed. Amer. Acad. 1.
p. 40. Rocky hills and terraces, often under shrubby live oak,
along the Guadaloupe and Pierdenales. July —( ctober. —
Root fleshy, perennial. Size and number of the rays very
variable. — The discovery of an allied species with a slightly
biaristulate or bidentate pappus, as described in Plante Fend-
leriane, p. 85., invalidates the character of the genus Bar-
rattia, which we had established on this plant. Although
the want of a pappus would refer it to a different Candol-
lean division of Helianthee, it cannot now be generically
distinguished from the genus Simsza.

+ Vieurrra Brevires, DC. Prodr. 5. p. 578. Rocky-hill
tops, on the Upper Guadaloupe. October. — The same form
was collected in Western Texas by Mr. Wright. It agrees
with the character in the Prodromus.

434. V. srevires, (. foliis plerisque rhomboideo-ovatis
membranaceis. V.'Texana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 318.
Helianthella latifolia, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p.-160. Mar-
gin of woods and on bushy slopes, New Braunfels. July —
October.

(96.) Heviantuus cucumerrrouius, Torr. & Gray, FUSS:
p. 320. New Braunfels. — This is probably H. Lindheimeri-
anus, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 159. But it is not perennial.

(259.) HenianrHus LENTICULARIS, Dougl.; Torr. &
Gray, Fl. 2. p. 319. Prairies on the Guadaloupe. July.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 229

(643.) Actinomerts (AcuztTa) Wricatu, Gray, Pl.
Fendl. p. 85. Upper Guadaloupe, at Pinta’s Crossing, on
rocky soil, in open woods. June.— Plant 1-38 feet high,
with few branches and heads, rigid.

+ Corrorsis Drummonpu, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 345.
Bottom woods near Victoria. February.

+ C. rincrorra, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, 1. c. Margin of
woods and praries, Comale Creek; common. July. — The
plant, No. 441, noticed under 397, in Pl. Fendleriane as C.
tinctoria, is not that species, but C. cardaminefolia, DC.,
which species we have also in cultivation, from Texas.

435. Bipens curysantHemoiDes, Michz.; Torr. & Gray,
Fl. 2. p. 352. Banks of streams, New Braunfels. October.

436. Lirocu#zta Texana, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 357.
Naked hills and margin of woods, New Braunfels and Upper
Guadaloupe. June —September. — Ray-achenia three-angled,
more or less three-winged; the conspicuous wings of the
lateral angles confluent at the summit; the ventral wing nar-
row, dilated at the summit. Achenia of the disk narrowly
two-winged at the apex. Awns fragile, thickened at the base
and united with the confluent, firm, chafly scales.

(644.) HymenatHerum Wricutu, Gray, Pl. Fendl. p. 89.
Sandy soil, in Post-Oak woods, on the Pierdenales. June.

437. (646.) AGASSIZIA, Gray & Engelm.

Capitulum globosum, multiflorum, radiatum ; ligulis foemi-
niis nunc difformibus. Involucrum disco brevius, circa biseri-
ale ; squamis exterioribus lineari-oblongis appendicula spathu-
lata vel obtusa foliacea patente instructis, intimis lineari-
acuminatis. Receptaculum globosum, alveolatum; alveolis
valde dentatis fimbrilliferis. Ligule cuneate, palmato-3 —4-
fide, seepe irregulares seu tubuloso-difformes, vestigia stami-
num gerentes. Corolla disci Gaillardiz, dentibus triangulari-
lanceolatis. Styli rami ligularum lineares, subulato-apiculati ;
fl. disci ad basin appendicis brevissimze nude clavato-obtusze
penicillati! Achenia turbinata, sericeo-villosissima. Pappus

JOURNAL B, S. N. H. 30 JAN. 1950.

230 Plante Lindheimeriane.

radii et disci conformis, e paleis 9 hyalinis ovatis uninerviis
constans, nervo in aristam capillarem corollam adazquantem
longe producto. — Herba biennis, acaulis; radice fusiformi ;
foliis varie 1—2-pinnatifidis, nunc sinuatis lyratisve; scapo
1 — 2-pedali, toto nudo, monocephalo. Capitulum Gaillardiz,
speciosum. Flores suaveolentes, disci flavi et purpurel, radii
rubescentes vel atrorubri.

437. A. suavis, Gray & Engelm. in Proceed. Amer. Acad.
1. p. 50. Gaillardia odorata, Lindh. ined. G. simplex,
Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 160. Rocky prairies, near San
Antonio and New Braunfels. April and May (646). — The
genus is very near Gaillardia, from which it is distinguished
by the fertile but usually deformed rays, the globose and
alveolate receptacle, and by the style, the branches of which
are tipped with a penicillate tuft, but not prolonged into a
filiform hispid appendage; and the habit is peculiar. ‘The
flowers are deliciously sweet-scented, the fragrance much
like that of the Heliotrope; the short rays are cherry-red or
dark purple, and yellow only at the tip, as in several species
of Gaillardia ; the earliest heads are rayless. ‘The leaves
vary from lyrate-pinnately parted, with linear segments, to
obovate and barely-toothed or incised towards the base. —
Agassizia, Chavannes, is Galvesia, Dombey. Agassizia, Spach,
is Spherostigma, Seringe, and Holostigma, Spach, by most
authors received only as a subgenus of OCinothera.

(103.) Gartuarpta prota, Don. Near Victoria. More
upright, and the deeply incised rays more cuneate than in
the plant from Galveston.}

438. Hymenopaprus corymsosus, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p.
372. H. Engelmannianus, Kunth. in Ann. Sci. Nat. 3 Ser.
11. p. 229. (April, 1849) ex char. Prairies and margin of
woods, in fertile, rather heavy soil, New Braunfels, &c.
April, May. Biennial.

1 I cannot make out what Gaillardia tuberculata, Scheele, 1. c. p. 349, (described
from Roemer’s collection) can be; neither G. Reemeriana, Schecle, l. c. p. 161,
unless it be Actinella scaposa.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 231

(645.) Herenium autumnaxe, Linn.: var. foliis rigidis.
Grassy banks of Streamlets, Fredericksburg. October.

439. Actinetia scaposa, Nutt.; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p.
382. Gaillardia Reemeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 161?
Rocky prairies, Victoria and San Antonio. February — May.

(648.) A.uinesrirouia, Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 283.
On sterile, rocky soil, New Braunfels. May. Prairies on the
Pierdenales, in patches, on sandy soil. June.

(647.) Marsuauuia cxspitosa, Nutt. in DC. Prodr. 5. p.
680. (Pl. Lindh. supra, No. 110.) Var. caule folioso!
Rocky soil on the Upper Guadaloupe. April.

(649.) Acuimtiea Mitiero.ivom, Linn. : var. floribus roseis.
Post Oak openings, on the Pierdenales. June.

440. Artemisia pRacuncuLoipes, Pursh. Fl. 2. p. 521;
Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2. p. 416. In patches, near New Braun-
fels. October.

441. A prRacuNncuLoipEs, var. foliis infimis trifidis vel in-
cisis. Dry prairies, Upper Guadaloupe. September.

+ A. caupata, Miche. Fl. 2. p.129; Torr. & Gray, Fl. 2.
p- 417. Sandy prairies of the Upper Pierdenales. October.

442. A. Lupoviciana, Nutt. Gen. 2. p. 143; Torr. & Gray,
Fl. 2. p. 420. A. cuneifolia, Scheele in Linnea, 22. p. 162.
Dry and high prairies, especially on old ant hills. September.

443. A. vutearis 0. Mexicana, Torr. & Gray, 1. c.; var.
foliis superioribus integerrimis angusto-lanceolatis linearibus
supra glabris. (A. Lindheimeriana, Scheele in Linnea, 22.
p- 163.) In patches in dry praries near New Braunfels.
September.— The specimens accord with Texan ones of
Drummond, cited in the Flora of North America. It is one
of the forms that connect A. Ludoviciana with A. Vulgaris.

444, A. vunearis 6. Mexicana, Torr. & Gray, 1. c.
Nearly the same form as the last; the lower leaves all fallen ;
the upper entire. Dry bed of the Cibolo. September.

7 Gnapuatium poLycepHatum, Michx. New Braunfels, &c.

445. Senecio aureus ¢. Barsamirm, Torr. §& Gray, Fl.
2. p. 442. High, rocky plains, Upper Guadaloupe. March,

232 Plante Lindheimeriane.

+S. Rivpextin, Torr. & Gray. Fl. 2. p. 444. Rocky hill-
tops, between the Upper Guadaloupe and the Pierdenales,
and in open Post-Oak woods. October.

446. Leria nutans, DC. Prodr. 7. p. 42. Cedar woods,
in rocky soil, New Braunfels. March. .

447. Apocon cracitis, DC.! Prodr.7.p.78. In patches,
on high, rocky prairies, New Braunfels. April.— Larger in
all its parts than the ordinary A. humilis, and perhaps to be
distinguished from it.

448 (& 650). Pinaropappus rosevus, Less. Syn. p. 143 ;
DC. Prodr. 5. p. 99. Troximon Reemerianum, Scheele in
Linnea, 22. p. 165. High, rocky prairies, between Bexar
and New Braunfels. April. Ligule white, a little reddish
on the back. Roots penetrating very deeply.

(651.) Lycoprsmia apuyLua f. Texana, Torr. & Gray,
Fl. 2. p. 485. Calcareous soil, New Braunfels. May, —It
often bears a tuber at the apex of the long root. The margi-
nal achenia are more or less attenuated upwards, as is also
the case in the Florida plant.

*,* No. 337, “ Linum Boottw 7. rupestre, p. 155, 1s cer-
tainly a distinct species, as Dr. Engelmann had stated. It
may be characterized as follows : —

337. Linum rupestre (Engelm. ined.): perenne, glaber-
rimum ; caulibus e radice lignescente plurimis strictis gracili-
bus (1—2-pedalibus) striato-angulatis superne corymboso-
paniculatis; foliis lineari-subulatis mucronulatis; glandulis
stipularibus conspicuis post lapsum foliorum persistentibus ;
pedicellis calyce subbrevioribus; sepalis ovatis cuspidato-
acuminatis margine glanduloso-ciliatis petalis flavis multoties
brevioribus; filamentis sterilibus dentibusque plane nullis;
stylis a basi discretis ; capsula ovato-globosa calycem equanti-
bus, loculis bilocellatis. — Growing from the crevices of naked
rocks, New Braunfels, also gathered at Comanche Spring,

Plante Lindheimeriane. 233

July, 1849, in fruit. The leaves fall away early from the
fructiferous plant, leaving the conspicuous stipular glands.
Petals one third of an inch long. Capsule scarcely over a
line in diameter.

The collection of 1849 furnishes an undescribed Passi-
flora, viz.: —

PassirLora aFFinis (Engelm. Mss.) : “herbacea, scandens,
elata, glabra ; foliis trilobis subtus glaucis petiolisque eglandu-
losis, inferioribus subcordatis, superioribus basi subacutis, lobis
subeequalibus obovatis obtusis setaceo-mucronatis integris ;
stipulis setaceis; pedunculis binis petiolum equantibus vel
superantibus 3-bracteatis, cirrho intermedio elongato sim-
plici; petalis calycis lobis obtusis brevioribus et angustioribus
-(flavescentibus) ; baccis (czruleo-atris) stipitem zquantibus.
— Comanche Spring, climbing high over trees, in shady
places. August—September.— Near P. lutea in aspect;
from which it is distinguished by the bracteate peduncles, the
deeply lobed leaves, the larger flowers, smaller seeds, &c.
Lower leaves 3 inches long, and 4 wide, less deeply lobed than
the upper, which are deeply divided. Petioles 4—12 lines
long. Peduncles 12-15 lines long. Bracts 3, rarely 2,
subulate, oblanceolate, or obovate, mucronate, often distant.
Flowers 16 lines in diameter; the fimbrillze as long as sepals.
Stipe half an inch in length, longer in proportion than in any
other of our species. Berry of the same diameter. Seeds
ovate, mucronate, transversely rugose, smaller and more tur-
gid than in P. lutea. — De Candolle’s division of the genus,
which would separate this species from P. lutea on account
of the bracts, must be erroneous; moreover, P. lutea has not
“‘ perigonium s. calycem 5-lobum, but 10-lobum, as well as our
species.” — Engelm.

[To ‘be continued. |

234 Plante Lindheimeriane.

The following brief account of the region in which the present collection of plants
was made, drawn up by Dr. Engelmann as a preface to this article, having been
received too late to take its proper place, is here subjoined.

“In November, 1844, Mr. Lindheimer left the neighbor-
hood of the Brazos River, where he had made his collections
in 1843 and 1844, and reached in January, 1845, the shores
of the Matagorda Bay. In this and the following month he
collected on the lower Guadaloupe. From thence he went up
this river about one hundred miles. Here, where the Comale
Creek empties into the Guadaloupe, the Association of Ger-
man emigrants, with whom he had for the present joined his
fortunes, selected a place for settlement, and laid the founda-
tion of New Braunfels, now a flourishing town, and the county
seat of Comale county.

“The year 1845 was spent in exploring the country and
making excursions in the mountainous region to the west and
northwest, at that time very insecure, being the haunts of
wild Indian tribes.

‘“‘In the following year, 1846, Mr. Lindheimer made large
collections in the interesting country about New Braunfels, at
the same time giving much of his time and attention to the
affairs of the colony.

‘The explorations of the year 1847 were extended north-
west to the country watered by the Pierdenales River, where
another German settlement, Friedrichsburg (or Frederiks-
burg), had been founded. Collections were made partly here
and partly near New Braunfels. Late in the fall an excursion
in a northern direction into the granitic region of the Liano
river furnished some interesting plants not observed before.

«The year 1848 was spent principally on the Liano, where
several new German settlements had been formed. But the
country appeared to be less rich in botanical treasures than
had been expected; the burning sun of the summer months
had almost destroyed the vegetation on the granitic soil, not
refreshed for months by any rains. The Comanches, Weckos,

Plante Lindheimeriane. 93a

Tonkeways, and other Indian tribes of the west of Texas,
became troublesome, and the frontier settlements had to be
abandoned.

“The spring of 1849 found Mr. Lindheimer farther south,
at Comanche Spring, one of the headwaters of San Antonio
River. He has now (in the spring of 1850) returned to New
Braunfels, where he intends again to go over the as yet
insufficiently explored country, the most diversified and
richest in botanical treasures as yet seen by him in Texas.

“The collections now distributed comprise those made
in 1845 and 1846 (fascicle III) and 1847 and 1848 (fas-
cicle IV).

‘<I proceed now to give a short geographical and topo-
graphical sketch of the country explored by Mr. Lindheimer.

“Matagorda Bay, with its numerous branches, receives to
the northeast the Colorado, one of the largest rivers of Texas.
Southwest of the Colorado the smaller Guadaloupe River
empties into the same bay after receiving not far from its
mouth its southern branch, the San Antonio River. The
headwaters of these rivers, together with the southern branches
of the upper Colorado, drain the country investigated by Mr.
Lindheimer since 1845.

“The coast of the bay itself forms a level saline plain,
sandy with comminuted shells. Cakile, Ginothera Drum-
mondi, and Teucrium Cubense are characteristic plants: a
little farther off are found Berberis trifoliolata, Acacia Farne-
siana, a shrubby Erythrina, groves of Sophora speciosa, Con-
dalia, some large Yuccas, and large Opuntias with humbler
Cactacez beneath them.

“Some miles higher up the rivers, on clayey soil, solitary
Elms and Palm trees are seen; the prairies have a stiff, black
soil thickly matted with grass. ‘The prevalent tree now be-
comes the Live Oak along the rivers, as well as in small groves
on the prairies: higher up on the rivers the Water Oak and
the Spanish Oak (Q. falcata) are found mixed with the Live

236 Plante Lindheimeriane.

Oak. Swampy places are often densely covered with Mar-
silea macropoda, like fields of clover.

‘‘'T’en to twenty miles from the coast the country rises into
the “rolling prairies.’ Along the rivers Quercus macro-
carpa, Taxodium distichum, and Carya olivzeformis constitute
large forests of vigorous growth. ‘The groves of the prairies
are principally formed by Sophora speciosa, Condalia obovata,
and Diospyros 'Texana. ‘The prairies themselves are richly
studded by flowers, among which the blue and fragrant Lu-
pinus Texensis and different species of red and yellow Casti-
lejas are most conspicuous.

‘‘About one hundred miles from the coast the country
becomes hilly ; conglomerate rocks are frequently seen; the
streams are more rapid and clear and often expose horizontal
strata of cretaceous rocks. Elm and Cypress are the principal
trees along the rivers; Sycamores, Linden, and Hackberry are
sparsely mixed with them. Many curious shrubs, among them
the Ungnadia, are found in these river-forests. Here, also,
the Muskit trees (Algarobia) make their first appearance,
indicating the region of the Arborescent Mimosez ; they form
open woods, where the level ground, often overflowed in the
rainy season, brings forth abundance of the thin and wiry but
nutritious “ Muskit grasses” (Aristida, Atheropogon, and
others). Many other interesting plants are found in these
« Muskit-flats.”

“In this region, and at the base of the first plateau, are
located the towns of San Antonio, New Braunfels, and
Austin, in a delightful climate, where snow or ice are rarely
seen, and where the summer heat, tempered by the sea-
breezes, never becomes uncumfortable. The spring, which
at the coast sets in in January and early February, com-
mences here a month or six weeks later. During the sum-
mer the weather is usually dry, and the vegetation languishes,
but the rains of the Jatter part of August and September soon
cause the whole country again to be clothed in fresh verdure.

Plante Lindheimeriane. 237

Many plants then bloom a second time; some, indeed, in this
fertile climate, bloom oftener than that, almost after every
period of rains.

«A short distance north of this region, steep and sterile
declivities, covered by loose rocks, rise to the first plateau,
just mentioned. The high plains which are now reached
are mostly sterile and stony, and often large faces of naked
rocks areexposed. Many interesting plants mentioned in this
catalogue, are peculiar to these plains: the smaller Cactacee,
Echinocactus setispinus, Cereus cespitosus, several Mammil-
lariz, and prostrate Opuntie grow here; different species of
Yucca are common; the curious and stately Dasylirion is
here first met with. The trees of this region are Elms and
Cedar among the rocks,and Cedar again, finely developed,
along the banks of the streams, where Cercis occidentalis, the
shrubby Red Bud, forms thickets. Juglans fruticosa and
Morus parvifolia are here found; the Live Oak dwindles
down to a shrub; and low bushes of Vitis rupestris, the
mountain grape, cover large tracts of these pl&ins.

*«'T'wenty to thirty miles farther northwest the country rises
again and becomes more hilly, and regular conic or pyramidal
elevations, often showing the horizontal strata of the cretace-
ous limestone exposed in naked terraces, rise one behind the
other, producing many peculiar plants. The valleys between
them are often wide, with a thin soil, covered with grass and
often with sparse Post Oaks; or they are narrower, without
any timber, but more fertile. The springs are here numerous
and beautifully limpid, of a temperature of about 67 or 68
degrees; the streams clear and rapid. The beds of the
larger watercourses are often en.wely dry in summer, leaving
a wide, stony, or pebbly bed or naked rocks, abounding
with interesting plants. The banks of the deeper streams are
thickly covered with stately Cypress trees.

“A few miles north of the Pierdenales the first outlier of
the granitic formation is seen, which is found extensively
developed on the Liano. The vegetation here begins to show

JOURNAL B. S. N. H. 31 JAN, 1850.

bso” =

238 Plante Lindheimeriane.

analogies to that of New Mexico. Here the winters are
pretty cold, the springs late, the summers excessively hot, the
soil generally thin, and therefore the prospects of the settlers
unfavorable.

“T add a few details of localities and distances, which may
not be found on the common maps.

“Green Lake and Caritas River are in the low lands near
Matagorda Bay. Victoria is a town a little higher up on the
lower Guadaloupe. New Braunfels on the Comale Creek
and Guadaloupe River, is about one hundred miles to the
northwest of the Bay, twenty-five miles northeast of San
Antonio, and forty-five miles southwest of Austin, the present
capital of Texas. The road from New Braunfels to San
Antonio crosses the Cibolo, one of the confluents of San
Antonio River, which runs in a wide and pebbly, and often
dry bed. The Salado, one of the heads of which is the
often-mentioned Comanche Spring, is another branch of San
Antonio river, and such, farther south, are the Leona and the
Medina. is

“In going west from New Braunfels we reach, fifty-five
miles from that town, the upper waters of the Guadaloupe,
the so-called Guadaloupe crossings on the Pinto-trail. Sev-
eral small streams in this neighborhood, Spring Creek, Wasp
Creek, Three Creeks, and Sabinas (or Cypress Creek) are
often mentioned as localities of different plants.

‘North of this the road crosses several high ridges,
(where, among other plants, Guajacum angustifolium, and in
deep, clear ponds Chara translucens, were discovered), and
reaches, sixty miles from the Guadaloupe, the Pierdenales, one
of the branches of Colorado River. The town of Friedrichs-
burg is built near the Pierdenales in a rather barren, sandy
region, thinly scattered with Post Oaks.

“ About thirty-five miles north of this the granitic region
of the Llano or Liano is reached. The San Saba runs thirty
miles farther north.

“The Flora of the country east of the Brazos River bears

—

Plante Lindheimeriane. 239:

considerable resemblance to that of the southern United
States. But south of the Brazos, and still more south of the
Colorado, the character of the vegetation changes; it assumes
the peculiarity of the flora of the Rio Grande valley, which I
have tried to characterize in Wislizenus’s Report. The flora
of the Rio Grande connects the North American with the
Mexican flora, and has also many peculiar plants of its own,
some of which have for the first time been distributed in Lind-
heimer’s collections: such are the interesting Rutosma, the
only American Rutacea known; Galphimia linifolia, the most
northern Malpighiacea; several shrubby Mimosez ; an ever-
green Rhus; Sophora speciosa ; the Eysenhardtia ; a number
of Nyctaginacee ; the Dasylirion, and many others enume-
rated in this catalogue. The ligneous plants become shrubby
and often thorny, and here the chaparals, so famous in north-
ern Mexico, make their first appearance.

“Towards the northwest the granitic soil produces a num-
ber of plants, which indicate a connection with the flora of
New Mexico, and again with that of our western plains.

“In the neighborhood of New Braunfels the effects of
cultivation on the distribution of plants are already apparent.
Helianthus lenticularis, Verbesina Virginica, Croton ellipti-
cum, Nycterium lobatum, different Cenopodiacee and Ama-
ranthaceze are becoming very common in cultivated places;
but others, Digitaria sanguinalis, for example, so common in
eastern Texas, have not yet made their appearance. In
Cedar woods Leria nutans, in damp bottom woods Dicliptera
brachiata, on dry prairies the small blue Evolvulus, are getting
much more abundant; while Pinaropappus roseus, Fedia
stenocarpa and others are much rarer than they used to be in
the first years of the settlement of the country.

“In the catalogue of the collections of 1843 and 1844,

3A0 Plante Lindheimeriane.

mention is several times made of “ deserted ant-hills.”” Further
investigation has shown that these hills are formed by loose
earth brought by these ants out of their subterranean exca-
vations. These consist of oblique tubes, some eight or nine
inches wide, others only half an inch in diameter; they
sometimes reach a depth of thirty or forty feet. In the
greatest depth are their granaries, containing often many
bushels, and it is said, even wagon-loads, of corn and other
grain. These ants are also common about New Braunfels,
and this or another species has occasionally been found to
be quite destructive to Mr. Lindheimer’s collections.”

G. ENGELMANN.

ERRATA.

Page 148, line 17 for “brevioribus ” read breviore.
« € line 18, for ‘‘ subzequalibus aut longioribus ” read subzequali aut longiore.
“ 158, line 3, for ‘ piloso”’ read folioso.
« Jine 18, for “stigma” read stigmata.
« 155, line 7 from bottom, for “glandular, hairy” read glandular-hairy.

* ! Seedi se for “axille”’ read axillas.
ET a for “Texana” read Texanum.
« Jjines 2 & 4 2 for “ foliis*’ read foliolis.

“ 160, line 22, for “M. Wricutm” read Matvastrum WricHrTII.

161, line 21, for“ A. TexENsE ” read ABuTILON TEXENSE.

* 163, line 8 from bottom, for “ pedicellas solitarias s. fasciculatas ” read pe-
dicellos solitarios s. fasciculatos.

“ 174, line 10 from bottom, for “ squamosis ” read squarrosis.

*177,lme6 “* * for “ tomento ” read lomento.

s 179, line 13, * * for “‘24- 30-juga” read 24 - 30-foliolata.

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