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BIO  MED 


THE  LIBRARY 


OF 


THE 


OF 


UNIVERSITY 
CALIFORNIA 


LOS  ANGELES 


PLANTS  BAKERIAM€ 


.By  EDWARD  L.  GREENE 


AND  OTHERS. 


VOLUME   III 
FASCICLE  I. 


INDEX    OF   QKNERA. 


32 
5 

22 
33 
21 
16 
8 
25 
31 
.  16 
.     3 
4 
.  22 

Cryptanthe 21 

Cyrtorhyncha     3 

Delphinium  4 

Draba  5 

Dracocephalum 22 

Erigeron 31 

Erioironum 15 

Eritrichium 21 

Helianthus ....  ...  28 


Abronia 

Aconitum 

Agastache 

Allionia 

Allocarya  

Apocynum 

Arabis 

Arnica 

Artemisia 

Asclepias 

Batrachium 

Caltha 

Castilleia 


Hymenopappus 30 

Lappula 21 

Lithospermuin 21 


Lupinus 35 

Mentha 22 

Mertensia 17,  21 

Monardella 22 

Oreocarya 20 

Pentstemon  2i 

Plantago 32 

Polygonum 1 3 

Psilostrophe 29 

Ranunculus i 

Rumex 15 

Sal  via 22 

Scutellaria 22 

Senecio 24 

Stachys 22 

Tetraneuris 29 

Thely  podium 9 

Thermopsis 34 

Viola  ...  .     9 


Price,  Fifty  Cents. 


ITINERARY. 

PA' 


ITINERARY. 

Plans  for  the  summer  months  of  1901  embraced  an  ex- 
amination of  the  flora  of  the  Gunnisou  watershed,  includ- 
ing the  region  from  Marshall  Pass  to  Grand  Junction,  with 
the  valleys  and  hills  adjoining  the  Gunnisou  River  and  its 
principal  tributaries.  This  region  has  a  northwest  and 
southeast  extension  in  west  central  Colorado  and  includes 
areas  of  very  diverse  character,  both  topographical  and 
geological,  and  the  flora  varies  accordingly.  The  drainage 
area  is  a  part  of  that  of  the  Colorado  River  and  its  waters 
eventually  reach  the  Gulf  of  California. 

The  region  is  separable  into  three  distinct  areas:  The 
High  Mountain  Area,  the  Foothill  Area,  and  the  Desert 
Area.  On  the  extreme  east  lies  Mount  Ouray  and  its  com- 
panion peaks;  to  the'north  the  Elk  Mountains  of  numerous 
very  high  and  often  jagged  peaks,  and  to  the  south  the 
Gochetopa  Mountains — less  lofty  and  more  often  with 
rounded,  grassy  summits.  The  above,  with  that  portion  of 
the  San  Miguel  Mountains  about  the  headwaters  of  the 
Uncompahgre  River,  a  tributary  of  the  Gunnison,  and  the 
Grand  Mesa,  compose  the  High  Mountain  Area  of  this 
region. 

All  that  country  between  Jack's  Cabin,  Sargent's  and 
Lake  City  on  the  one  hand,  to  Cerro  Summit  and  Ridg- 
way  on  the  other,  may  be  classed  as  Foothill  Area.  This 
is  a  country  of  comparatively  low,  rounded  hills  and  narrow 
valleys,  the  hills  covered  with  sage  brush  and  scattering 
pine  and  spruce,  the  valleys  with  alder,  willow  and  cotton- 
wood  along  the  streams,  and  with  frequent  rich  meadows. 

Passing  down  the  Gunnison,  the  river  just  below  Sapinero 


425029 


11  PLANTS    BAKERIAN^E. 

enters  the  rocky  gorge  of  the  Black  Canon.  This  is  passa- 
ble for  the  Rio  Grande  Railroad  for  fifteen  miles  to  a  point 
near  Cimarron,  where  the  Cirnarron  River  enters  from  the 
south.  Here  the  railroad  is  compelled  to  climb  up  through 
Cimarron  Canon  and  over  Cerro  Summit  to  seek  a  western 
outlet  by  way  of  the  Uncompahgre  Valley  to  Delta,  which 
is  again  on  the  Gunnison.  From  Cimarron  to  near  Delta 
the  Gunnison  runs  through  its  Grand  Canon,  so  deep  and 
narrow  and  with  such  precipitous  walls  as  to  be  quite 
inaccessible. 

Passing  westward  from  Cerro  Summit,  the  change  in 
character  of  country  and  of  flora  is  one  of  the  most  sudden 
and  most  remarkable  in  the  State  of  Colorado.  Cerro  Sum- 
mit is  a  huge  hill  covered  with  thickets  of  oak  scrub  and 
Amelanchier  (scattering  other  shrubs)  and  supplied  with  a 
rich  herbaceous  vegetation.  A  few  miles  to  the  westward 
and  a  few  hundred  feet  below,  say  at  Cedar  Creek,  one  is  in 
the  Desert  Area,  with  cedars,  pifion,  Sarcobatus,  Atriplex, 
and  a  characteristic  desert  flora.  From  this  point  to  the 
west  end  of  the  Grand  Mesa,  the  broad  Uncompahgre  Valley 
was  originally  almost  an  utter  desert.  It  is  flanked  on 
either  side  with  adobe  hills  or  gravelly  mesas,  sparingly 
clothed  with  cedars  or  entirely  naked,  the  bottoms  with 
Sarcobatus  and  its  companions,  and  along  the  stream  willows 
and  cottonwoods. 

From  Delta  to  Grand  Junction  the  Gunnison  runs 
through  its  Lower  Canon  which  is  broader  and  shallower 
than  the  Grand  Canon  and  flanked  b}'  barren  and  broken 
sandstone  hills,  in  some  places  closely  resembling  the  Colo- 
rado Canon  formation.  A  collection  of  the  curious  flora  of 
this  hot,  dry  Lower  Canon  was  made  within  seven  miles  of 
Deer  Run.  At  Grand  Junction  the  Gunnison  passes  into 
the  broad  valley  of  the  Grand  River,  which  is  also  desert 


ITINERARY.  Ill 

where  unirrigated.  Below  Grand  Junction  the  lowest  alti- 
tude in  the  State  is  reached. 

In  the  High  Mountain  and  Foothill*  Areas  the  rocks  are 
quite  largely  metamorphic  and  the  soils  are  constituted 
accordingly.  In  the  Elk  Mountains  near  Crested  Butte  and 
Ruby  there  are  extensive  outcroppings  of  slate  and  coal. 
In  these  mountains  collections  were  made  at  Crested  Butte, 
Rogers,  Keblar  Pass  and  Ruby. 

The  Elk  Mountains  are  a  wonderful  range  of  high, 
closely  set,  jagged  peaks,  well  watered,  richly  clothed  with 
spruce  forests  and  other  vegetation — undoubtedly  richer  in 
this  respect  than  any  other  mountains  of  Colorado.  They 
are  remote,  rarely  visited,  and  together  form  the  richest  and 
most  promising  high-mountain  botanical  field  in  the  State. 
Deep  forests,  meadows,  open  glades  and  parks,  dripping 
cliffs,  and  springs  and  streams  everywhere,  altogether  furnish 
a  most  remarkable  field  for  plants  of  all  groups. 

Later  on  when  our  Botanical  Gardens  and  Universities 
establish  their  substations  for  Experimental  Ecology  and 
similar  work,  there  should  certainly  be  one  here. 

In  the  High  Mountain  Area  collections  were  also  made 
at  and  near  Marshall  Pass,  at  Carson  in  the  Cochetopas,  at 
Ouray  and  on  the  surrounding  hills  in  the  San  Miguels,  and 
on  the  summit  of  the  Grand  Mesa. 

In  the  Foothill  Area,  collections  were  made  at  Jack's 
Cabin,  Sargent's,  Doyle's,  Gunnison,  lola,  Sapinero,  the 
Black  Canon,  Cimarron,  at  Van  Boxle's  Ranch  above  Cimar- 
ron,  on  Poverty  Ridge  near  Cimarron,  on  the  Black  Mesa  at 
the  head  of  Crystal  Creek,  and  on  Cerro  Summit. 

In  the  Desert  Area  collections  were  made  at  Cedar  Creek, 
Montrose,  Cedar  Edge,  Deer  Run,  and  Grand  Junction. 

*  This  term  may  be  objected  to  as  not  equivalent  to  the  Foothills  on 
the  east  slope.  But  neither  would  the  Desert  Area  here  be  equivalent  to 
the  Plains  on  the  east. 


IV  PLANTS    BAK  BRIANS. 

While  the  localities  given  are  not  many  in  number,  still, 
around  them  and  between  them  a  good  deal  of  ground  was 
covered.  Tramps  were  made  around  each  point  for  a  radius 
of  several  miles  and  most  places  were  visited  more  than 
once  during  the  three  months.  Walks  were  also  made  be- 
tween Ruby  and  Keblar  Pass,  between  Keblar  Pass  and 
Crested  Butte  (seven  miles),  between  Crested  Butte  and 
Jack's  Cabin  (fifteen  miles),  between  Marshall  Pass  (alt. 
10,800  ft.)  arid  the  top  of  Mount  Ouray  (14,000  ft.),  and  to 
the  top  of  Little  Ouray,  between  Lake  City  (8,000  ft.)  and 
Carson  (11,500  ft.)  and  return  (thirty-two  miles),  between 
Cimarron  and  top  of  Poverty  Ridge  and  return  (ten  miles) 
three  times,  between  Cimarron  and  the  Black  Mesa  and  re- 
turn (sixteen  miles),  four  times  between  Cimarron  and  Cerro 
Summit  (five  miles),  through  the  fifteen  miles  of  the  Black 
Canon  three  times,  from  Cerro  Summit  to  Cedar  Creek 
(seven  miles)  from  Grand  Mesa  Lakes  to  Cedar  Edge  (seven 
miles),  from  Telluride  to  Ouray  (twenty  miles,  over  a  divide 
rising  to  13,500  ft.),  and  between  Deer  Run  and  Kanah 
Creek  (seven  miles)  three  times.  This  is  over  and  above 
the  local  work  around  all  the  points  mentioned.  So  the 
plants  obtained  will  represent  the  phanerogamic  flora  fairly 
well.  Getting  into  the  field  so  late  and  doing  all  the  work 
alone  made  it  impossible  to  give  the  necessary  attention  to 
the  collection  of  the  cryptogams.  But  the  region  is  rich  in 
them.  The  fleshy  forms  were  noted  especially  in  the  Elk 
Mountains,  where  they  were  abundant  even  up  into  the 
highest  timber.  Such  fungi  and  mosses  as  intruded  them- 
selves on  the  attention  were  collected. 

Two  points  in  the  subalpine  country  should  be  especially 
noted — the  Grand  Mesa  and  Van  Boxle's  Ranch.  The 
Grand  Mesa  is  a  high  elongated  plateau  extending  north- 
westerly from  the  West  Elk  Mountains  to  the  Gunnison 


ITINERARY.  V 

below  Delta.  It  is  a  remarkable  place.  The  top  is  well 
watered,  with  many  streams  and  beautiful  lakes  and  with 
rich  forests  and  open  parks.  About  the  base  lies  the  desert. 
The  Grand  Mesa  can  be  readily  reached  by  a  twenty-five 
mile  drive  from  Delta. 

Van  Boxle's  Ranch  is  twelve  miles  above  Cimarron  on 
the  headwaters  of  the  Little  Cimarron.  One  could  scarcely 
find  a  richer  or  more  beautiful  mountain  locality  than  this, 
surely  not  one  more  remote  or  less  known.  Splendid  trout 
fishing  is  not  one  of  the  least  of  the  many  attractions. 

Here  should  be  detailed  those  plants  which  were  observed 
but  for  various  reasons  were  not  collected.  The  high  spruce 
woods  were  composed  almost  entirely  of  Picea  Englemanni 
and  Pseudolsuga.  Along  the  lower  border  of  the  spruce  are 
extensive  thickets  of  quaking  aspen,  some  of  the  trees  often 
reaching  very  good  size.  Here,  also,  in  favorable  places 
bear  berry  (Arctostaphylos  uva-ursi)  is  common.  Through- 
out the  foothill  and  mountain  country  Alnus  was  frequent 
along  the  streams,  and  the  red-berried  Sambucus  was  occa- 
sional in  the  higher  altitudes.  The  scrub  oak  thickets  so 
common  in  the  foothill  country  have  already  been  men- 
tioned. Wet  swales  in  the  lower  altitudes  were  usually 
filled  with  Typha,  and  often  contained  colonies  of  Scirpus 
occidentalis.  One  of  the  poison  oaks  (Rhus)  was  common 
in  the  bottoms  throughout  the  lower  altitudes,  but  ex- 
treme susceptibility,  induced  by  a  most  troublesome  expe- 
rience in  the  swamps  near  Mobile,  Alabama,  led  me  to 
give  it  a  wide  berth.  Again  cattle  were  seen  browsing 
it,  apparently  with  relish.  Helianthus  petiolaris,  Plantago 
major,  Salsola  kali,  Solatium  nigrum,  Xanthium  strumarium, 
Amarantus  blitoides,  and  A.  retroflexm,  occurred  on  almost 
all  cultivated  areas,  along  roads  and  railroads,  and  in  rail- 
road yards.  In  the  Gunnison  Valley  the  Russian  Thistle 


yi  PLANTS     BAKERIANJE 

is  almost  entirely  confined  as  yet  to  the  yards  and  along 
the  right  of  way  of  the  railroad.  The  section  men  have 
instructions  to  destroy  it,  but  it  was  found  that  few  of  them 
were  acquainted  with  it.  In  its  younger  states  it  is  soft  and 
succulent,  and  cattle  and  horses  eat  it  freely.  Humulus 
lupulus  occurs  occasionally  in  the  bottoms,  and  a  few  plants 
of  Panicum  crus-galli  were  seen  at  Grand  Junction.  Cereus 
phoeniceus  and  one  of  the  ordinary  yellow-flowered  prickly 
pears  are  common  throughout  the  foothill  country.  On 
gravelly  hillsides  in  the  Desert  Area,  Opuntia  arborescens  is 
not  uncommon.  Phleum  alpinum  and  Poa  alpina  were 
abundant  throughout  the  alpine  region.  A  few  immature 
plants  of  Melica  bulbosa  were  seen  on  Poverty  Ridge.  Above 
Ouray  a  few  plants  of  Artemisia  franserioides  were  observed. 
The  agricultural  possibilities  of  this  region  as  it  is  de- 
scribed above  would  not  appear  very  promising.  On  the 
contrary,  they  are  very  great.  Even  the  naked  adobe  soil 
possesses  a  wonderful  fertility  and  requires  but  water  to 
make  it  yield  richly.  Even  now  there  are  ranches  where 
small  ditches  could  be  taken  out,  all  along  the  Gunnison 
except  in  the  narrow  canons,  and  likewise  along  the  Un- 
compahgre.  Near  Crested  Butte  (8,878  ft.)  the  altitude  is 
too  great  for  common  garden  vegetables  and  fruits,  but  the 
natural  meadows  in  the  vicinity,  full  of  native  grasses  and 
sedges,  have  been  improved  and  produce  heavily.  At  Jack's 
Cabin  (about  8,300  ft.),  fifteen  miles  below  Crested  Butte  one 
may  see  beautiful  fields  of  alfalfa  and  timothy,  and  here  are 
raised  radish  and  lettuce  and  other  very  hardy  and  quickly 
maturing  garden  vegetables.  Sargent's  (between  Gunnison 
and  Marshall  Pass)  is  much  like  Jack's  Cabin  in  this  respect. 
Doyle's,  between  Guunison  and  Sargent,  was  found  to  be  a 
very  interesting  locality  on  account  of  the  considerable  per- 
centage of  alkali  in  the  bottom's  soil.  The  meadows  here 


ITINERARY.  Vll 

were  consequently  not  as  rich  and  were  overrun  with  the 
worthless,  even  injurious,  grass  locally  known  as  "fox-tail." 
A  number  of  distinctly  halophytic  plants  were  present  such 
as  Triglodin  maritima  and  a  Plantago. 

At  Gunnison  (7,680  ft.)  are  some  beautiful  meadows, 
though  many  are  filled  with  a  most  astonishing  array  of 
native  plants.  When  these  are  in  bloom,  the  Erigerons, 
Pedicularis,  Castilleias,  Crepis  and  many  others,  present  a 
very  beautiful  sight.  Barley,  oats  and  red  clover  do  well 
here,  and  better  examples  of  radish,  lettuce,  carrots,  turnips, 
potatoes,  rhubarb,  cabbage,  etc.,  would  be  hard  to  find.  It 
is  probable  that  some  of  the  small  fruits  would  prove  a  great 
success  at  this  point. 

Coming  down  out  of  the  foothill  country  and  entering 
the  desert  above  Montrose,  one  finds  beautiful  orchards  and 
broad  green  fields  where  the  ground  has  been  irrigated,  and 
portions  now  have  the  appearance  of  a  prosperous  agricul- 
tural district.  It  is,  however,  near  Delta  (about  5,000  ft.) 
and  neighboring  towns  that  the  fruits  are  grown  to  greatest 
perfection.  Here  are  produced  pears,  peaches,  apples,  plums, 
cherries  and  other  fruits  which  cannot  be  excelled.  Grand 
Junction  is  also  the  center  of  a  great  fruit  country. 

There  is,  in  this  Gunnison  region,  a  vast  natural  supply 
of  water  from  the  high  mountains  and  vast  areas  of  laud 
which  that  water  may  yet  be  carried  to  in  ditches,  so  that 
the  possibilities  before  the  region  are  almost  unlimited. 
The  day  is  coming  when  the  lower  Gunnison  valley,  now 
largely  a  desert,  will  be  one  of  the  richest  agricultural  re- 
gions in  the  United  States. 

Thousands  of  sheep  are  pastured  during  summer  in  the 
lower  foothills.  Higher  up  many  cattle  may  be  found, 
though  there  is  rich  unoccupied  range  for  many  times  the 
number  now  there. 


Vlll  PLANTS     BAKERIANJE. 

The  field  work,  all  done  between  June  1st  and  September 
1st  by  one  person,  resulted  in  the  collection  of  above  25,000 
specimens  with  notes  on  each  species.  Also,  photographs 
were  taken  of  all  the  characteristic  ecological  associations. 
As  in  previous  years  the  work  would  have  been  largely 
impossible  but  for  the  co-operation  and  encouragement  of 
Dr.  E.  L.  Greene,  whose  remarkable  knowledge  of  the 
American  field  directed  operations  in  these  most  remote 
localities,  even  to  definite  hills,  valleys  and  meadows. 

Here  also  should  be  acknowledged  the  great  kindness  of 
Mr.  E.  T.  Jeffery,  President  of  the  D.  &  R.  G.  System,  and 
of  other  officials  of  the  Road,  without  whose  assistance  some 
of  the  work  would  have  been  quite  impossible.  A  faithful 
boy,  Ed.  Dundin,  did  the  camp  work,  and  most  of  the 
changing  of  driers,  though  the  work  of  first,  putting  plants 
into  press,  taking  out  those  finally  dried,  cleaning,  bundling, 
writing  labels  and  separating  a  study  set,  necessarily  de- 
volved on  the  collector. 

CARL  F.  BAKER. 

Stanford  University,  California. 

15  Oct.,  1901. 


RANUNCULACE^E. 


EXPLANATORY. 

Mr.  Bakers'  botanical  exploration  of  the  Gunnison  Water- 
shed in  the  summer  of  1901,  has  already  proven  a  remarkable 
success,  both  as  to  the  number  and  quality  of  the  specimens; 
while  the  wealth  of  new  species  ds  even  greater,  I  think, 
than  was  obtained  in  other  sections  of  southern  Colorado 
either  by  Mr.  Baker  in  1899,  or  by  Baker,  Earle  and  Tracy 
in  1898.  Many  of  the  new  things  in  those  two  earlier 
collections  are  still  unpublished;  this  being  largely  due  to 
my  having  undertaken  to  publish  full  lists  of  those  collec- 
tions, and  in  due  taxonomic  sequence. 

Pending  the  completion  of  volumes  I  and  II  of  the 
PLANTS  BAKERIAN.E,  I  propose  giving,  as  a  first  instalment 
of  volume  III  a  somewhat  miscellaneous  congeries  of 
paragraphs  dealing  with  new  or  otherwise  interesting 
species;  in  this  absolving  myself  from  the  obligation— more 
fanciful  than  real — of  following  any  particular  sequence  of 
Families.  Any  difficulty  which  this  want  of  order  may 
seem  to  entail  upon  students  of  the  sets,  will  be  obviated 
by  an  index  to  the  genera  treated,  if  not  even  to  the  species. 

EDW.  L.  GREENE. 

Catholic  University  of  America. 

21  Oct.,  1901. 


RANUNCULACE^E. 

RANUNCULUS  EREMOGENES,  Greene,  Eryth.  iv.  121. 
Abundant  in  a  small  pond  within  the  Black  Canon,  n.  204; 
quite  typical.  In  publishing  this  interesting  analogue  of 

PI,ANT^:  BAKERIAN^,  Vol.  III.  Pages  i  to  36.     Nov.  18,  1901. 

777—2 


2  PLANTS     BAKERIAN.E. 

the  Old  World  R.  sceleratus,  I  credited  it  to  no  station  more 
southerly  than  middle  Colorado.  The  present  record  would 
therefore  be  a  considerable  extension  of  its  range.  But  my 
herbarium  shows  that  I  myself  collected  it  in  1889  as  far 
south  as  Trinidad,  on  the  extreme  southern  verge  of  Colo- 
rado. Mr.  Heller  has  more  recently  distributed  it  from  Rio 
Arriba  Co.,  New  Mexico;  and  I  may  here  note  that  in  1898 
I  found  plenty  of  it  along  the  muddy  margin  of  a  lake  in 
southern  Minnesota  not  far  from  Windom,  this  being  its 
most  easterly  habitat  so  far  as  known. 

RANUNCULUS  EREMOGENES,  var.  PILOSULUS.  Much  smaller 
than  the  type,  with  several  subequal  ascending  stems  5  or 
6  inches  high;  herbage  of  a  deeper  green  and  sparsely 
pilose-pubescent;  receptacle,  heads  and  achenes  much  as  in 
the  type,  but  all  smaller. 

In  damp  places  above  Gunnison,  17  July,  n.  454.  Quite 
different,  except  as  to  height  and  mode  of  growth,  from  my 
var.  degener  of  the  same  species. 

RANUNCULUS  PURSHII,  Richardson.  Fine  large  speci- 
mens, growing  in  ponds  near  Gunnison,  n.  669;  differing 
from  the  high-northern  type  in  failing  to  show  the  very 
narrowly  dissected  submersed  leaves.  A  so-called  " R.  Pur- 
shii"  of  Mr.  Baker's  collecting  at  Fort  Collins,  Colo.,  in  1896 
is  clearly  R.  eremogenes. 

RANUNCULUS  UNGUICULATUS,  Greene,  Pitt.  iv.  142.  Two 
numbers  of  this,  both  from  the  Grand  Mesa;  228,  much 
smaller  than  the  type  specimens  and  too  young;  234  is 
more  mature,  and  large  enough  to  represent  the  species  well. 

RANUNCULUS  OREOGENES.  Of  the  size  and  habit  of  R.  ellip- 
ticus,  with  even  larger  and  coarser  roots,  but  foliage  of  dif- 


RANUNCULACE.E.  3 

ferent  form  and  texture,  being  much  firmer  and  scarcely 
ucculent,  the  lowest  leaves  narrowly  ovate-lanceolate,  those 
next  succeeding  them  linear-elliptical,  the  blades  about  1£ 
inches  long,  the  petioles  about  as  long,  the  mostly  solitary 
cauline  like  the  others  but  closely  sessile,  all  vivid-green 
and  reticulate-venulose  above,  pale  beneath,  even  whitish, 
all  perfectly  entire;  scapiform  peduncles  decumbent,  simple 
and  1-flowered,  or  with  one  or  two  1-flowered  branches: 
calyx  and  corolla  not  seen:  head  of  achenes  ovate;  achenes 
pubescent,  the  body  suborbicular,  the  beak  rather  prominent? 
curved. 

At  Cerro  Summit  above  Cimarron,  7  June,  n.  50;  occur- 
ing  on  open  hillsides,  but  past  flowering. 

In  addition  to  the  above,  the  collection  exhibits  the 
following  less  noteworthy  Ranunculi:  R.  reptans,  Linn.,  n. 
464;  R.  inamoenus,  Greene,  nn.  235,  350;  R.  Macounii,  Britt., 
n.  562,  and  R.  Macauleyi,  Gray,  n.  319. 

BATRACHIUM  TRICHOPHYLLUM,  Bossch.,  n.  320. 

CYRTORHYNCHA  RUPESTRIS.  Stems  very  slender  and  few- 
flowered,  more  than  a  foot  high;  biternate  foliage  ample 
and  of  more  than  half  the  height  of  the  stems;  flowers 
mostly  only  5  or  6,  on  long  slender  pedicels  and  very  small: 
petals  about  5,  variable,  some  obovate  and  sessile,  others 
(transitional  to  stamens)  with  smaller  blade  and  long  claw: 
achenes  few,  short  and  of  almost  elliptic  outline,  the  ribs 
prominent,  but  more  or  less  confluent  and  inclined  to  form 
narrow  reticulations. 

On  moist  cliffs  in  the  Black  Canon,  20  June,  n.  198.  An 
excellent  new  species  of  an  interesting  genus,  this  has  the 
aspect  of  C.  neglecta,  of  northern  Colorado,  but  not  at  all 
either  its  flowers  or  fruits. 


4  PLANTS     BAKERIAN^E. 

CALTHA  CHIONOPHILA,  Greene,  Pitt.  iv.  80.  Two  repre- 
sentations of  this;  n.  227,  from  the  Grand  Mesa,  shows  con- 
stricted but  not  dentate  foliage,  while  n.  408,  from  Carson, 
has  the  leaves  smaller,  more  rounded,  and  notably  dentate. 

TROLLIES  ALBIFLORUS,  Rydb.  Fl.  Mont.  152.  Under  n. 
221  we  have  excellent  flowering  specimens  of  this  fine  plant 
which  Mr.  Rydberg  has  well  separated  altogether,  in  name 
and  rank,  from  T.  laxus. 

DELPHINIUM  NELSONII,  Greene.  On  open  hillsides  at 
Cerro,  n.  52,  the  usual  form;  n.  216,  the  largest  and  most 
showy  specimens  yet  seen,  said  to  be  abundant  in  open 
parks  at  Van  Boxle's,  above  Cimarron. 

DELPHINIUM  DUMETORUM.  Near  the  last,  but  more 
slender  and  commonly  2  feet  high  or  more;  leaves  remote 
and  with  fewer  and  broader  segments;  herbage  glabrous; 
ramifications  of  the  root  more  slender  and  disconnected: 
flowers  smaller  and  less  widely  expanding,  though  with 
spur  longer  and  more  slender,  acutish  and  strongly  curved 
downward  at  the  end,  the  color  of  the  whole  flower  a  pale 
lavender-blue:  follicles  puberulent,  shorter  and  more  widely 
spreading  than  in  D.  Nelsonii. 

On  dry  hills,  among  shrubbery  above  Cimarron,  6  June, 
n.  35;  growing  quite  apart  from  D.  Nelsonii,  which  occupies 
open  grassy  ground  at  higher  elevations. 

DELPHINIUM  QUERCETORUM.  Resembling  D.  glaucum, 
perhaps  as  tall,  with  equally  leafy  stem  and  narrow  con- 
densed raceme;  herbage  pale  and  glaucescent,  but  only  the 
stem  and  petioles  truly  glabrous,  the  leaves  villous-puber- 
ulent,  their  3  to  5  segments  broad -cuneiform  and  3-lobed,  not 
toothed  ;  rachis  of  the  spike  strongly  hirtellous,  the  pedicels 


CRUCIFERJS.  5 

most  so,  and  the  hairs  of  these  viscid  and  mostly  gland- 
tipped  :  small  flowers  very  dark  blue-purple,  the  sepals  rugu- 
lose  and  together  with  the  slender-conical  turgid  straight 
ascending  spur  rather  rough-hairy :  ovaries  densely  villous. 
Common  among  oaks  at  Cerro,  12  July,  n.  412.  At  first 
glance  this  appears  much  like  true  D.  glaucum,  though  the 
leaves  are  much  less  divided  than  is  usual  in  that  species, 
and  the  flowers  are  much  darker ;  but  a  lens  reveals  the 
abundant  short-hairiness  of  the  foliage ;  and  the  even 
stronger  pubescence  of  the  rachis  is  of  a  character  quite 
peculiar.  Moreover,  this  is  a  dry-land  plant,  whereas  D. 
glaucum,  grows  only  in  wet  places. 

ACONITUM  BAKERI.  Stem  stoutish,  erect,  simple  and 
rather  strict,  2  feet  high,  the  whole  upper  portion  of  the 
plant,  even  to  the  flowers,  villous  hirsute  with  brownish 
hairs,  some  of  them  gland-tipped  :  lower  parts  glabrous,  the 
lowest  leaves  5-parted  and  the  cuneate  divisions  doubly 
about  3-cleft :  raceme  compact:  hood  f  inch  high,  the  gal- 
eate  portion  rounded,  scarcely  higher  than  broad,  much 
shorter  than  the  downward  portion,  the  beak  broadly  subu- 
late, projecting  horizontally;  follicles  about  4,  glabrous. 

At  10,000  feet  near  Marshall  Pass,  19  July ;  said  to  be 
common  in  wet  places.  The  only  American  species  with 
dense  almost  spicate  and  strict  inflorescence,  the  sepals  and 
petals  remarkably  pubescent.  It  is  the  only  Aconite  of  this 
year's  collection. 

CRUCIFER^E. 

DRABA  GRAMINEA.  Perennial,  the  much  branched  stems 
3  to  5  inches  high,  the  older  portions  thickly  clothed  with 
long  dry  chaffy  remains  of  the  leaves  of  other  seasons: 
leaves  of  the  season  linear  and  grassy,  almost  as  long  as  the 


6  PLANTS     BAKERIAN^E. 

short-peduncled  loose  and  rather  few-flowered  racemes, 
glabrous  above  the  middle,  but  below  it  loosely  ciliate  with 
simple  hairs:  sepals  yellow;  petals  pale-yellow:  filaments 
abruptly  and  widely  dilated  at  base ;  young  pods  ovate, 
acute,  surmounted  by  a  conspicuous  style,  few-ovuled. 

A  most  remarkably  chaffy  and  grassy-looking  Draba  of 
alpine  habitat,  found  near  Carson,  2  July,  n.  296.  Its  near- 
est affinity  would  seem  to  be  D.  chrysantha. 

DRABA  OXYLOBA.  Perennial,  tufted,  the  several  and 
quite  simple  flowering  stems  or  branches  decumbent,  leafy 
to  near  the  middle,  thence  racemose,  8  to  18  inches  high; 
foliage  and  stem  not  at  all  canescent,  scarcely  even  pale, 
nevertheless  roughened  everywhere  by  an  sparse  indument 
of  sessile  and  uniformly  4-parted  hairs:  basal  leaves  1  to 
2  inches  long,  oblanceolate,  petiolate,  remotely  dentate  or 
else  entire,  the  petioles,  at  least  near  the  base,  with  a  few 
scattered  marginal  simple  and  setaceous  hairs;  cauline 
leaves  ovate  to  oblong-lanceolate,  commonly  near  an  inch 
long,  sessile,  dentate:  sepals  and  petals  both  golden-yellow, 
the  former  with  scattered  short  mostly  simple  (rarely  forked) 
hairs:  pods  not  twisted,  oblong-linear  to  elliptical,  4  or  5 
lines  long,  acute  at  each  end,  pointed  with  a  style  of  less 
than  one  line ;  pedicels  slightly  ascending,  longer  than  the 
pods. 

At  Van  Boxles'  Ranch  above  Cimarron,  in  open  parks, 
n.  382 ;  also  at  Sargents,  in  meadows,  n.  351 ;  distin- 
guished from  all  its  allies  by  a  pubescence  of  cruciform 
hairs. 

DRABA  BAKERI.  Rather  slender  yellow-flowered  per- 
ennial, the  several  erect  stems  4  to  10  inches  high:  tufted 
radical  leaves  about  an  inch  long,  oblanceolate,  short-petio- 
late,  entire,  acutish,  cinereous,  at  least  when  young,  with 


CRUCIFER.E.  7 

stellate  pubescence,  the  stem  and  inflorescence  greener,  the 
pubescence  more  sparse,  mostly  of  forked  or  3-branched 
hairs,  but  with  some  much  longer  and  perfectly  simple  ones 
interspersed:  cauline  leaves  lanceolate,  serrate-toothed,  ses- 
sile: fruiting  raceme  loose,  with  leafy  bracts  subtending  the 
lower  pedicels:  flowers  small;  sepals  green,  notably  bristly- 
hairy  at  apex;  petals  yellow,  scarcely  twice  the  length  of 
the  sepals:  pods  erect,  short-pedicellate,  narrowly  elliptical, 
pubescent  on  the  face  with  more  or  less  forked  and  appressed 
hairs,  but  the  margins  quite  hirsutulous  with  mostly  simple 
ones:  style  short. 

Near  the  limit  of  trees,  in  the  mountains  near  Carson, 
n.  316.  An  ally  of  D.  streptocarpa,  the  pods  doubtless  more 
or  less  twisted  when  mature. 

DRABA  NITIDA.  Annual,  very  erect  and  strict,  simple  or 
with  a  few  shorter  racemes  from  near  the  base,  the  whole 
plant  often  10  to  14  inches  high,  racemose  almost  from  the 
base,  and,  except  at  base,  glabrous,  deep-green  and  shining: 
leaves  in  a  comparatively  small  radical  tuft,  the  longest 
barely  an  inch  long,  oblong-lanceolate,  obtuse,  entire,  the 
outer  narrowed  at  base  but  hardly  petiolate,  sparsely  sub- 
stellate-pubescent,  the  margins  loosely  bristly-ciliate;  cauline 
few,  oblong-ovate,  entire,  sessile:  pedicels  3  or  4  lines  long, 
ascending,  the  oblong-linear  acutish  often  somewhat  in- 
curved glabrous  pods  about  as  long:  flowers  small,  yellow, 
the  green  sepals  more  or  less  pilose,  as  is  also  the  base  of 
the  stem:  style  none. 

Abundant  on  moist  open  ground  at  10,000  feet  above 
Marshall  Pass,  19  July,  n.  492.  A  less  luxuriant  state  of 
the  same  was  collected,  also  by  Mr.  Baker  at  Cameron  Pass, 
northern  Colorado,  at  9,800  feet,  -in  July,  1896.  The  plant 
is  one  which  has  been  referred  erroneously  to  D.  stenoloba. 


8  PLANTS     BAKERIAN.E. 

ARABIS  DEMISSA.  Low  and  slender,  the  racemose  steins 
or  peduncles  only  5  to  8  inches  high,  but  the  caudex  large 
in  comparison,  stout  and  lignescent,  not  branched,  or  the 
branches  not  obvious,  bearing  a' dense  tuft  of  very  narrowly 
oblanceolate  glaucescent  leaves,  which  are  glabrous  except 
for  a  few  setose  hairs  on  the  margin  at  the  base  of  the  pe- 
tiolar  portion:  peduncles  several,  with  2  or  3  subauriculate 
sessile  bracts  below  the  raceme,  this  (seen  in  fruit  only) 
loose,  the  purplish  and  glaucous  pods  narrowly  linear,  1  to 
1£  inches  long,  deflexed  on  very  short  pedicels:  seeds  in 
one  row,  suborbicular,  not  winged,  though  with  more  than 
the  hint  of  a  scarious  margin  on  at  least  one  side. 

A  few  specimens  of  this  interesting  and  strongly  charac- 
terized new  species  were  gathered  from  among  the  stones  of 
a  dry  river  bed  near  Cimarron,  4  June.  They  bear  the 
number  16  of  the  collection,  but  are  not  in  quantity  for 
distribution  in  the  sets. 

ARABIS  STENOLOBA.  Suffrutescent  as  to  the  branching 
caudex,  the  slender  flowering  stems  less  than  a  foot  high, 
tufted  basal  leaves  and  those  of  sterile  branches  of  the 
caudex  oblanceolate,  entire,  less  than  an  inch  long,  both 
faces  hoary  with  a  minute  stellate  tomentum  :  floriferous 
branches  with  scattered  small  leaves  below  the  raceme,  this 
short  and  few-flowered;  sepals  purplish,  stellate-pubescent, 
as  are  also  the  pedicels  and  the  stems,  petals  white,  twice 
the  length  of  the  sepals :  pods  very  narrowly  linear,  1  to  1| 
inches  long,  obtuse,  glabrous,  suberect  on  almost  filiform 
pedicels  of  £  to  J  inch. 

On  stony  hillsides  above  Cimarrou,  n.  21.  Plant  with 
much  the  habits  and  foliage  of  A.  eremophila,  but  the  pubes- 
cence different,  the  fruit  more  so. 

THELYPODIUM   BAKERI.     Biennial,  with   several  widely 


VIOLACE.E.  9 

divergent  stems  from  amid  the  tuft  of  spreading  basal 
leaves;  herbage  glabrous,  except  some  hirsute  hairiness  at 
base  of  stem,  and  very  glaucous :  radical  leaves  petiolate, 
cauline  numerous,  narrowly  cordate-ovate,  sessile  and  clasp- 
ing, entire,  an  inch  long  or  more:  flowers  white,  the  greenish 
sepals  somewhat  spreading,  the  petals  with  broad  claw  and 
spreading  spatulate-obovate  limbs :  spreading  pedicels  of  the 
pod  very  slender,  the  pod  itself  narrow,  not  stipitate,  an  inch 
long  or  more. 

Stony  hillsides  at  Cimarron,  6  June,  n.  32.  This  is  a 
very  near  ally  of  Miss  Eastwood's  T.  aureum,  but  its  flowers 
are  white,  and  the  pods  are  not  stipitate. 

THELYPODIUM  LILACINUM.  Biennial,  two  or  three  feet  high 
with  rather  many  ascending  branches  from  near  the  base, 
all  racemose  at  the  end;  herbage  deep-green  and  glabrous; 
basal  leaves  2  or  3  inches  long,  spatulate-oblong,  entire  or 
repand,  cauline  reduced,  lanceolate  to  nearly  linear:  flowers 
corymbosely  crowded,  but  the  raceme  lengthened  in  fruit 
to  4  or  5  inches;  sepals  erect,  rich  lilac-purple,  of  less  than 
half  the  length  of  the  spatulate-linear  petals,  these  at  first 
white  but  soon  changing  to  the  lilac  of  the  sepals:  pods 
slender,  torulose,  1J  inches  long,  scarcely  stipitate,  slender- 
beaked. 

At  Doyle's,  n.  635.  Related  to  T.  integrifolium,  but  of  dif- 
ferent habit,  with  different  inflorescence,  and  peculiarly 
handsome  flowers. 

VIOLACE^:. 

Only  the  genus  Viola  is  represented;  but  that  in  an  inter- 
esting array  of  species  by  far  the  greater  number  of  which 
are  absolutely  new. 

V.  CANADENSIS,  Linn.,  n.  383. 

777-3 


10  PLANTS     BAZERIAN-ffi. 

V.  RETROSCABRA,  Greene,  Pitt.  iv.  290,  very  recently  pub- 
lished, is  represented  by  the  two  numbers  68,  144,  both 
from  near  Cimarron.  This  and  the  three  new  ones  next 
succeeding  are  of  the  natural  group  represented  by  the  Old 
World  V.  canina. 

V.  STENAXTHA.  A  multiciptal  and  csespitose  dwarf,  form- 
ing mats  2  or  3  inches  broad,  little  more  than  1  inch  high ; 
herbage  very  minutely  and  sparingly  scabro-puberulent, 
the  angles  of  the  petioles  more  obviously  and  retrorsely  so : 
leaves  deltoid-ovate  to  oval,  little  more  than  J  inch  long, 
rather  fleshy,  lightly  crenate,  usually  tapering,  though 
abruptly,  to  the  petiole:  peduncles  about  equalling  the 
leaves,  bearing  conspicuous  subulate-linear  bractlets  near 
the  flower,  sepals  large  for  the  flower,  oblong-linear,  acute, 
glabrous,  not-  scarious-margined:  corolla  dark-blue,  about 
5  lines  long  including  the  very  long  and  narrow  somewhat 
hooked  spur,  very  narrow,  the  petals  not  widely  expanding, 
the  keel  broad,  the  others  narrow. 

On  the  Grand  Mesa,  23  June,  n.  230.  A  species  very 
well  characterized  by  its  long  and  narrow  long-spurred 
dark-blue  corolla. 

V.  DEMISSA.  Scarcely  larger  than  the  last,  but  rhizoma- 
tous,  the  rootstocks  chaffy  with  the  persistent  sere  and 
brown  stipules  of  a  preceding  year :  leaves  J  inch  long,  on 
petioles  of  about  an  inch,  round-ovate  to  deltoid-ovate  and 
oval,  crenate,  glabrous:  peduncles  much  exceeding  the 
leaves,  bibracteolate  towards  the  middle:  sepals  oblong- 
linear,  asute;  corolla  nearly  J  inch  long  including  the 
long  obtuse  cylindric  spur,  the  petals  subequal,  widely  ex- 
panding, violet  above  the  middle,  white  below,  and 
.marked  with  purple  veins. 

In  moist  grassy  depressions  at  12,000  feet  above  Marshall 


VIOLACE.E.  11 

Pass,  19  July,  n.  501.  What  is  probably  the  same  alpine  or 
subalpine  violet  was  collected  by  Mr.  Baker  at  Cameron 
Pass  in  northern  Colorado,  as  long  ago  as  1896.  It  is 
also  represented  in  C.  S.  Sheldon's  n.  277,  obtained  at 
Berthoud  Pass  in  middle  Colorado,  16  Aug.,  1884. 

V.  INAMCENA.  Slender,  glabrous,  or  the  peduncles  and 
petioles  obscurely  and  retrosely  hirtellous;  stems  several 
from  the  slender  roots,  but  not  much  developed,  often  1  or 
2  inches  long,  greatly  surpassed  by  the  petioles  and  leaves, 
the  plant  thus  appearing  almost  acaulescent:  leaves  round- 
ovate,  obtuse,  notably  cucullate,  lightly  crenate;  stipules 
subulate-linear,  lacerately  subpinnatifid :  flowers  seemingly 
always,  even  the  earliest,  short-pedunculate  and  apetalous, 
the  small  ovoid  capsules  deflexed. 

In  low  meadows  along  the  river  at  Gunnison,  25  July, 
n.  603.  The  species  seems  nearly  related  to  V.  retroscabra, 
though  the  leaves  are  not  only  glabrous  but  more  rounded 
and  cucullate,  while  in  the  apetalous  character  of  the 
flowers,  and  in  form  of  the  fruit,  it  connects  with  V.  physa- 
lodes.  I  also  provisionally  refer  here  a  plant  collected  by 
Mr.  Baker  at  Cameron  Pass,  northern  Colorado,  15  July, 
1896,  though  its  leaves  are  less  rounded  and  not  cucullate. 

The  three  species  next  succeeding  are  of  the  yellow- 
flowered  group  of  caulescent  violets. 

V.  GOMPHOPETALA.  Allied  to  V.  Nuttallii,  the  crown  of 
the  root-bearing  few  and  very  short  depressed  leafy  and 
floriferous  branches;  the  whole  plant  light-green,  with 
ciliate  leaves,  and  their  veins  pubescent:  leaves  from  round- 
ovate  in  the  earliest,  to  oval  and  oblong-oval  or  oval-lanceo- 
late, the  longest  1 J  inches  long,  somewhat  repand-denticulate 
or  subentire,  marked  underneath  by  fine  light  almost  par- 
allel veins  or  nerves,  the  petiole  as  long  as  the  blade,  slightly 


12  PLANTS     BAKERIANJE. 

winged  above:  peduncles  3  inches  long,  surpassing  the 
leaves:  sepals  linear-lanceolate,  acute,  glabrous:  corolla 
about  f  inch  wide,  of  rounded  circumscription,  the  petals 
cuneate-obovate,  very  obtuse  or  almost  truncate  at  the 
broad  apex,  all  brown  without,  yellow  within. 

On  open  hillsides  of  the  Grand  Mesa,  23  June,  n.  225. 

V.  PHYSALODES.  Low,  slender,  the  foliage  very  thin  and 
the  whole  plant  glabrous,  sparsely  leafy  ascending  stems 
well  developed,  2  or  3  inches  long,  short-jointed  and  with  a 
flower  in  each  axil :  leaves  from  subcordate-ovate  to  oval, 
obtuse,  almost  or  quite  entire,  £  to  1 J  inches  long,  obviously 
veiny  only  beneath;  pedicels  barely  an  inch  long  in  fruit, 
slender,  deflexed:  flowers  minute,  apparently  always  apeta- 
lous;  pods  also  very  short,  subglobose  or  obovoid. 

In  thickets  along  the  Cimarron  River,  7  June,  1901,  n. 
67.  The  least  showy,  but  by  far  the  most  interesting 
violet  of  all  those  which  it  has  fallen  to  my  lot  to  describe 
as  new.  The  whole  plant  by  its  thin  entire  glabrous  leaves, 
and  numerous  fruiting  pedicels,  always  deflected  beneath 
the  leaves,  give  the  species  a  singular  likeness  to  some 
possible  small  Physalis.  Though  seeming  to  be  altogether 
apetalous,  I  nevertheless  see  in  it  a  member  of  that  yellow- 
flowered  group,  of  which  V.  NuttoMii  is  typical. 

V.  BITERNATA.  Leafy  stem  not  well  developed  at  first,  only 
1  or  2  inches  long,  but  subradical  leaves  very  long-petioled, 
upright,  5  or  6  inches  high,  the  peduncles  of  the  few  and 
early  petaliferous  flowers  about  as  long:  leaves  very  ample, 
palmately  or  sometimes  subpinnately  biternate,  the  primary 
divisions  broadly  cuneiform,  deeply  trifid  and  their  segments 
coarsely  and  deeply  tridentate,  all  the  segments  and  teeth 
obtuse,  the  margins  ciliolate  and  veins  pubescent  with  short 
bristly  appressed  hairs:  corolla  f  inch  broad,  all  the  petals 


POLYGON  ACE^.  13 

obovate,  obtuse,  brown  without,  yellow  within,  the  keel 
nearly  twice  the  width  of  the  others:  small  apetalous 
flowers  many  along  the  at  length  well  developed  stem,  the 
capsules  succeeding  these  large,  round-obovid,  on  deflexed 
pedicels  1  or  2  inches  long. 

Related  to  V.  Sheltonii  of  the  far  Northwest,  but  very  dif- 
ferent. The  specimens,  from  two  localities,  collected  in 
June,  1901,  are  numbered  42  and  233. 

POLYGONACE.E. 

POLYGONUM  MONTANUM.  P.  Douglasii,  var.  latifolium, 
Greene,  Bull.  Calif.  Acad.  i.  125.  P.  Douglasii,  var.  mon- 
tanum,  Small,  Polyg.  118.  Low,  fastigiately  branched  from 
the  base,  3  to  6  inches  high,  the  banches  floriferous  from 
the  base,  but  the  flowers  few  among  the  proper  leaves,  most 
of  them  forming  a  mere  bracted  spike  beyond  the  foliage, 
all  the  angles  of  stem  and  branches  denticulate-scaberulous, 
and  other  parts  also  more  or  less.scabro-puberulent:  leaves 
oblong-lanceolate,  very  acute,  often  an  inch  long,  1-nerved,  the 
nerve  sharply  carinate  beneath  the  leaf:  fruiting  perianth 
subsessile  but  nodding,  its  segments  dark  green  or  purplish 
except  marginally  and  completely  enclosing  the  achene,  this 
black,  smooth  and  shining,  the  faces  obtusely  rhomboidal, 
the  cross-section  3-lobed  rather  than  triangular. 

The  above  description  is  drawn  from  a  series  of  specimens 
collected  by  Mr.  Baker  this  year  at  Marshall  Pass,  20  Aug., 
and  to  be  distributed  under  n.  893.  These  specimens 
represent  perfectly  what  I  had  in  mind  when  naming  P. 
Douglasii,  var.  latifolium.  But  in  the  lapse  of  sixteen  years, 
other  things  have  become  confused  with  this  in  my  own  and 
other  herbaria,  some  of  which  are  now  to  be  segregated. 
Habitally,  as  well  as  in  its  general  dimensions,  P.  montanum 
much  more  nearly  approaches  P.  Austinse  than  P.  Douglasii ; 


14  PLANT.E     BAKERIANJE. 

and  in  this,  as  well  as  in  a  few  but  very  constant  characters 
it  may  well  claim  specific  rank. 

P.  COMMIXTUM.  Near  the  last  but  dwarf,  2  or  3  inches 
high,  more  herbaceous  and  with  even  ampler  and  more  co- 
pious leafiness,  the  bracted  spikes  very  short  and  dense; 
leaves  and  stem  glabrous,  the  former  from  oval  and  even 
rhombic-ovate  to  oblong,  mostly  obtuse  but  with  an  abrupt 
sharp  point,  the  midvein  conspicuous,  some  secondary  veins 
more  or  less  obvious  as  diverging  from  it :  perianths  green, 
their  segments  with  white  or  purplish  margins,  more  widely 
expanding  in  flower  and  more  loosely  investing  the  longer 
and  partly  protruding  achene,  this  more  elongated  than  in 
the  last  in  proportion  to  its  thickness,  dark  and  shining. 

The  only  specimens  known  to  me  of  this  are  of  Mr. 
Baker's  collecting  as  long  ago  as  1896  in  northern  Colorado. 
One  sheet  is  from  Grizzly  Creek,  24  Aug.,  the  other  from 
Cameron  Pass,  10,000  feet  alt.,  13  Aug.,  both  called  by  him 
P.  Douglassii  latifolium.  The  most  notable  characteristic 
is  the  narrow  and  partly  exserted  achene.  This,  with  the 
dwarf  stature,  broad  venulose  leaves,  and  the  excessive 
leafiness,  seem  to  mark  it  as  a  good  subspecies.1 

JA  study  of  the  above  Bakerian  plants  has  lead  to  the  detection  of 
another  new  species  nearly  allied,  namely  : 

P.  HOWEWJI.  Sparingly  branched  from  the  base,  but  the  few 
branches  quite  erect  and  contiguous,  almost  equably  leafy  to  the  summit 
and  sparsely  floriferous  throughout,  more  scabrellous  than  P.  montanum 
on  all  the  angles ;  herbage  of  a  paler  and  rather  yellowish  green  :  elliptic- 
oblong  leaves  very  acute,  thinnish  and  not  inclined  to  be  revolute,  their 
thin  margins  serrulate-scabrous :  ocrese  more  scarious  and  almost  fim- 
briate  :  perianths  few,  erect  both  before  and  after  flowering,  though  not 
sessile :  achenes  wholly  included  and  closely  invested,  very  black  and 
highly  polished,  the  face  rhombic-ovate,  i.  e.,  broadest,  and  rather 
abruptly  so,  much  below  the  middle. —  Known  to  me  only  from  Mr. 
Howells'  specimens  taken  in  the  Siskiyou  Mountains,  northern  Cali- 
fornia, 8  July,  1887,  and  distributed  for  P.  Douglasii  latifolium. 


POLYGONACE.E.  15 

RUMEX  BAKEBI.  A  yard  high,  the  stems  solitary  or  sev- 
eral, from  a  deep-seated  taproot  parted  below  into  coarse 
fleshy-fibrous  branches  and  with  some  more  slender  ones 
radiating  around  the  crown  of  the  main  root:  leaves,  thin, 
glabrous,  the  basal  ones  with  lanceolate-cordate  blade  8  or 
10  inches  long  on  a  petiole  nearly  as  long,  the  cauline  lance- 
linear,  short-petiolate,  those  of  the  long  and  rather  narrow 
panicle  linear-acuminate,  subsessile,  3  or  4  inches  long,  de- 
flexed:  fruit  small  (barely  two  lines  wide),  deltoid-suborbicu- 
lar,  very  obtuse,  grainless,  delicately  (but  under  a  lens  very 
distinctly)  pinnate-veined,  the  veins  running  into  a  distinct 
favose  reticulation  toward  the  margin,  but  the  margin 
itself  thin,  nerveless,  either  entire  or  obscurely  somewhat 
crenate. 

Common  in  wet  meadows  about  Gunnison,  22  August, 
n.  903,  seeming  related  to  R  polyrhizus  of  the  more  north- 
erly mountains. 

ERIOGONUM  CHLORANTHUM.  Near  E.  flavum,  but  more 
widely  cespitose,  the  many  branches  of  the  caudex  relatively 
much  more  elongated  and  densely  invested  throughout  with 
the  remains  of  the  foliage  of  former  years;  leaves  much 
thinner,  spatulate-oblong,  obtuse,  hoary-tomentose  beneath, 
glabrate  above,  nearly  1£  inches  long:  scapiform  peduncles 
both  slender  and  short,  little  surpassing  the  leaves,  or  even 
scarcely  equalling  them :  involucres  solitary,  many-flowered, 
the  flowers  rather  large,  the  cluster  almost  f  inch  broad  : 
perianths  greenish-yellow,  the  segments  equal,  the  tube 
villous,  acute  at  base  but  not  stipitate. 

On  stony  alpine  slopes  of  Mt.  Ouray,  forming  large  mats, 
20  August,  n.  853. 

ERIOGONUM  BAKERI.     Allied  to  E.  flavum,  rather  taller, 


16  PLANTS    BAKERIAN^E. 

the  branches  of  the  caudex  very  slender  and  only  loosely 
leafy,  the  leaves  thin,  the  elliptic-lanceolate  blades  J  to  1 
inch  long,  on  slender  petioles  much  longer,  white-tomentose 
beneath,  sparsely  villous  above:  scapiform  peduncles  5  to  8 
inches  high,  erect,  slender;  inflorescence  of  a  sessile  involucre 
and  1  to  3  dichotomous  peduncles  from  its  base,  the  whole 
number  of  involucres  thus  7  to  9,  all  turbinate:  perianths 
yellow,  small,  very  long-stipitate,  silky  villous,  the  inner 
segments  much  longer  than  the  outer,  all  obovate,  obtuse. 
Black  Canon,  1  Aug.,  n.  696.  Said  to  be  cespitose  in 
rather  small  tufts.  The  inflorescence  is  like  that  of  E. 
Jamesii,  though  far  less  ample;  and  the  real  affinity  is  with 
E.  flavum. 

ERIOGONUM  SALICINUM.  Allied  to  E.  microthecum  and  E. 
Simpsonii,  the  tufted  woody  stems  and  long  corymbose 
panicled  peduncles  together  more  than  a  foot  high:  blade 
of  leaf  lanceolate  or  oblong-lanceolate,  about  1J  inches  'long, 
the  petiole  little  more  than  J  inch,  stem  and  lower  face  of 
leaves  white-tomentose,  surface  glabrate:  the  long  peduncles 
perfectly  glabrous  and  very  glaucous:  corymbose  panicles 
loose,  diffuse,  8  to  10  inches  broad:  involucres  very  numer- 
ous, small  and  few-flowered,  broadly  turbinate  or  subcam- 
panulate,  5-toothed,  the  teeth  erect,  woolly  within:  perianths 
less  than  a  line  long,  segments  oblong,  obtuse,  white. 

Habitat  of  the  last;  n.  375.  The  species  would  not  easily 
be  distinguished  from  E.  Simpsonii  but  by  its  broad  and 
short  thin  leaves. 

ASCLEPIADACE.E  AND  APOCYNACEJE. 

ASCEPIAS  SPECIOSA,  Torr.  Grand  Junction,  11  June, 
n.  251. 


APOCYNACE^E.  17 

ASCLEPIAS  HALLII,  Gray.  Excellent  specimens  of  a  plant 
that  is  rare;  obtained  at  Gunnison,  25  July,  n.  595. 

APOCYNUM  AMBIGENS.  Intermediate  between  A.  andro- 
ssemifolium  of  the  East  and  A.  pumilum  of  the  Pacific  slope; 
smaller  than  the  former,  more  erect  and  'more  copiously 
floriferous,  the  corollas  larger  but  still  campanulate;  follicles 
much  shorter  and  thicker. 

In  the  Black  Canon,  20  June,  n.  202;  also  at  Rogers',  14 
Aug.,  n.  799.  The  plant  is  frequent  in  several  parts  of 
Colorado,  and  has  passed  for  A.  androsaemifolium;  but  both 
this  and  A. pumilum  are  better  accepted  as  fair  geographical 
subspecies. 

APOCYNUM  CANNABINUM,  Linn.  In  moist  ground  on 
Deer  Run,  10  June,  n.  80. 

APOCYNUM  LIVIDUM.  Several  feet  high,  with  the  pale 
and  glaucescent  hue  of  A.  cannabinum,  but  the  oblong- 
ovate  mucronate  leaves  much  larger  and  more  spreading-' 
inflorescence  consisting,  as  in  that  species,  of  terminal  and 
naked  cymes,  but  flowers  few,  large  and  nodding,  of  a  pale 
flesh- color;  sepals  thin  and  whitish,  triangular-lanceolate, 
erect,  half  as  long  as  the  corolla,  this  campanulate,  rather 
deeply  cleft  and  with  spreading  or  recurved  segments. 

Common  on  railway  embankments  in  Black  Canon,  8 
July.  The  plant  recalls  the  Californian  A.  floribundum, 
but  differs  in  having  few  and  large  flowers  rather  than 
almost  innumerable  small  ones. 

ASPERIFOLI^. 

MERTENSIA  CONGESTA.  Tufted  stems  a  foot  high  or  less, 
stout  and  rather  succulent,  ascending;  whole  herbage  of  a 


18  PLANTS     BAKERIAN^E. 

light  and  rather  vivid  green  and,  to  the  unaided  eye  seem- 
ing glabrous:  leaves  many  and  ample,  from  elongated-ovate 
to  broadly  oblong,  obtuse,  or  some  even  retuse,  the  cauline 
sessile,  the  radical  short-petioled,  all  2  to  3  inches  long, 
minutely  and  sparsely  strigose  above,  glabrous  beneath: 
flowers  many,  mostly  in  a  single  condensed  terminal  cluster, 
those  of  the  few  subterminal  branches  similarly  crowded, 
the  pedicels  very  short:  calyx  deeply  cleft  into  ovate  acute 
or  broadly  lanceolate  segments,  these  strongly  hirsute- 
ciliate  and,  in  maturity,  traversed  by  a  very  prominent 
light-colored  mid  vein:  corolla  deep-blue,  about  4  lines 
long,  the  cylindric  tube  and  carnpanulate  limb  about  equal: 
nutlets  acutely  ovate,  brown  when  mature  and  indistinctly 
sinuate-rugulose. 

On  Poverty  Ridge,  near  Cimarron,  13  June,  in  open 
parks,  n.  129;  also  at  Cerro  Summit,  a  smaller  plant,  n.  62. 

MERTENSIA  LATERIFLORA.  Stems  tufted,  rather  strict  and 
very  leafy,  a  foot  high  or  more,  the  whole  plant  canescently 
silky-strigulose:  leaves  almost  crowded  on  the  stem  from 
base  to  summit,  oblong-linear,  acutish,  about  3  inches  long: 
short  cymose  flower-clusters  in  all  the  axils  from  near  the 
middle  of  the  stem,  on  pedicels  of  about  an  inch  long,  the 
lower  not  equalling,  the  uppermost  little  surpassing  the 
leaves:  calyx  small,  completely  divided  into  short-lanceolate 
scarcely  acute  segments,  these  strongly  appressed-villous  and 
ciliate:  corolla  of  a  light-blue,  small,  hardly  4  lines  long,  the 
limb  only  distinctly  shorter  than  the  tube. 

Said  to  be  common  at  9,000  feet,  above  Carson,  where  it 
forms  large  clusters,  in  flower  2  July,  n.  334.  Species  cer- 
tainly resembling  M.  linearis,  but  a  much  larger  plant  than 
that,  and  with  smaller  flowers,  the  pubescence,  however, 
being  totally  different.  The  inflorescence  is  peculiarly 
long,  narrow  and  secund. 


ASPERIFOLI^E.  19 

MERTENSIA  CYNOGLOSSOIDES.  Stems  depressed,  1£  feet 
long,  sparsely  and  very  amply  leafy,  the  herbage  delicate 
in  texture  and  of  a  vivid  green:  lowest  leaves  oblong, 
obtuse,  4  or  5  inches  long,  on  slender  petioles  of  equal 
length,  the  cauline  ovate-lanceolate,  acutish,  sessile  by  a 
subcordate-clasping  base,  these  also  3  or  4  inches  long  and 
spreading,  all  very  thin,  glabrous  beneath,  sparsely  but 
strongly  scabrous  above  and  scabrous-ciliolate:  racemes  few 
and  sparse,  long-peduncled,  the  upper  part  of  the  peduncle 
and  the  pedicels  sparsely  setose-hispid:  sepals  small,  lanceo- 
late and  ovate-lanceolate,  obtusish,  hispid-ciliolate,  other- 
wise glabrous:  corolla  light-blue,  almost  funnelform,  the 
short  and  rather  broad  tube  quite  exceeded  in  length  by 
the  campanulate  limb  into  which  it  gradually  passes:  nut- 
lets white  (perhaps  immature),  ovate,  incurved  at  summit, 
turgidly  and  very  irregularly  rugose. 

On  moist  ledges  in  the  Black  Canon,  20  June,  n.  191.  A 
remarkably  distinct  species. 

MERTENSIA  MURICULATA.  Of  the  size  of  the  last,  nearly, 
and  like  it  almost  prostrate,  but  of  firm  texture  and  glau- 
cescent:  lowest  leaves  elliptical,  the  blade  3  or  4  inches  long, 
the  petiole  shorter;  cauline  ovate  and  lance-ovate,  1£  to  2| 
inches  long,  sessile  and  partly  clasping,  all  finely  dotted 
above  with  white  pustules  developing  centrally  a  low,  stout 
white  scabrous  point,  the  margin  scabrous-ciliolate  with 
short  pustulate  hairs:  flower-clusters  in  all  the  leaf-axils, 
long-peduncled,  somewhat  crowded,  not  obviously  racemose: 
sepals  very  short,  deltoid-ovate  to  shortly  triangular-lanceo- 
late, obtuse,  setulose  on  the  back  and  strongly  hispid-ciliate: 
corolla  short  and  funnelform:  nutlets  ovate,  straight  and 
erect,  lightly  rugulose  and  minutely  tuberculate. 

Habitat  of  the  last,  and  manifestly  allied  to  it,  though  its 
firm  texture,  peculiar  pustulate  roughness,  as  well  as  the 


20  PLANTS     BAKERIANJE. 

differences  in  inflorescence,  calyx  and  achene,  preclude  the 
confusing  of  them.     It  is  Mr.  Bakers'  n.  193.1 

OREOCARYA  HORRIDULA.  Low  inulticipitous  perennial, 
the  not  stout  rather  loosely  leafy  and  floriferous  steins  4  to 
7  inches  high,  the  whole  plant  strongly  setose-hispid :  obo- 
vate  obtuse  upper  end  of  the  leaf  tapering  spatulately  to  a 
rather  long  and  narrow  petiolar  base:  racemose  short 
branches  of  the  loose  and  short  inflorescence  linear-bra cted, 
but  the  bracts  barely  equalling  the  calyx;  this  in  fruit  J 
inch  long,  its  linear  and  narrow  segments  covered  with 
hispid  hairs;  corolla  white,  rather  more  than  J  inch  long, 
with  narrow  tube  and  small  spreading  limb:  nutlets  (only 
one,  usually)  narrowly  ovate,  erect  and  straight,  sharply 

1  The  characters  of  two  northwestern  Mertensias  may  here  be  given  : 
M.  SYMPHYTOIDES.  Stout,  erect,  barely  a  foot  high,  leafy  to  the 
summit  and  even  throughout  the  broad  cymose-panicled  inflorescence 
with  large  elliptic-lanceolate  acute  leaves,  these  of  a  bright  green  and 
appearing  glabrous,  but  sparsely  somewhat  tuberculate-scabrous,  espec- 
ially on  the  margin  and  the  lower  face  :  leafy  cyme  rather  lax ;  calyx 
rather  small,  deeply  cleft,  the  segments  ovate- trigonous,  acute,  glabrous 
except  as  to  the  margin,  this  very  shortly  and  almost  obscurely  scabrous- 
serrulate  :  corolla  y2  inch  long,  quite  tubular,  the  upper  portion  quite 
cylindric  and  little  shorter  than  the  proper  tube  :  nutlets  rather  coarsely 
low-tuberculate. — Known  to  me  only  from  Emigrant  Springs,  in  the  lava 
beds  of  Modoc  Co.,  California,  where  it  was  collected  by  Mrs.  R.  M. 
Austin,  20  June,  1894. 

M.  STENOLOBA.  Size  of  the  preceding,  quite  as  leafy,  but  the  leaves 
oblong-lanceolate,  acute,  thin  and  quite  glaucous,  sparsely  scabrous, 
most  so  marginally  :  inflorescence  as  in  most  species  :  calyx  parted  into 
narrowly  lanceolate- acuminate  long  segments,  their  margins  sparsely 
setose  ciliolate  :  full  grown  nutlets  scarcely  half  as  long  as  the  calyx 
and  sinuate-rugose. — Based  Mr.  Flodman's  n.  752  from  the  Bridger 
Mountains,  Montana  (as  to  the  specimens  in  my  set),  and  named  by  Mr. 
Rydberg  "M.  lanceolata,  DC."  But  it  can  have  no  intimate  connection 
with  Pursh's  type  on  which  the  species  was  founded  ;  for  that  has  a 
"  short  calyx,"  while  here  that  organ  is  rather  extremely  elongated. 


ASPERIFOLl^.  21 

margined,  the  oack  showing  a  few  irregular  rugae  and  some 
interspersed  tuberculation. 

Deer  Run,  11  June,  on  a  dry  bank;  n.  133. 

OREOCARYA  NITIDA.  Multicipitous,  slightly  woody  at 
base,  the  stoutish  stems  a  foot  high,  copiously  leafy  at  base> 
the  leaves  2  to  4  inches  long,  oblanceolate,  acute,  tapering 
to  a  long  petiolar  basal  portion,  this  again  dilated  at  the 
insertion,  both  faces  equally  silvery -silky  or  satiny,  without 
other  pubescence:  flowers  copious,  in  a  loose  open  thyrsus  of 
close  racemes:  calyx  in  fruit  £  inch  long,  the  segments 
narrowly  linear  except  at  the  broad  base,  clothed  through- 
out with  a  dense  white  villous  tomentum  and  some  inter- 
spersed setose-hispid  hairs;  corolla  \  inch  long  or  more, 
with  very  narrow  tube  abruptly  widening  to  form  a  short 
throat,  the  proper  limb  three  lines  broad,  the  color  of  the 
whole  apparently  white:  nutlets  (mostly  solitary)  large, 
ovate,  straight  and  erect,  dark-brownish,  closely  covered 
with  a  minute  whitish  almost  muricate  tuberculation. 

In  dry  stony  ground  at  Deer  Run,  11  June,  n.  95.  A 
species  noteworthy  by  the  whiteness  and  softness  of  its 
almost  satiny  indument. 

Other  Asperifolise  of  the  collection  are  Oryptanthe  Fendleri, 
Greene,  n.  780;  C.  crassisepala,  Greene,  n.  75;  Allocarya 
scopulorum,  Greene,  nn.  152,  938;  Lappula  occidentalis, 
Greene,  n.  327;  L.  ursina,  Greene,  n.  471,  the  species  a  rare 
one,  but  the  specimens  too  young;  Lithospermum  Torreyi, 
Nutt.,  or  possibly  a  new  species  closely  allied  to  it,  n.  127; 
Oreocarya  multicaulis,  Greene,  n.  455 ;  Eritrichium  aretioides, 
Rydb.,  n.  845;  M&rtensia  ciliata,  Don,  nn.  189,  403,  486; 
M.  pratensis,  Heller,  nn.  391,  773;  M.  Bakeri,  Greene,  nn. 
293,  497. 


22  PLANTS  BAKERIAN.E. 

LABIATE. 

Family  not  strongly  represented  in  the  region,  only  the 
following  having  been  collected:  Salvia  lanceolata,  Willd.,  n. 
679;  Scutellaria  galericulata,  Linn.,  nn.  465,  552,  815; 
Mentha  Canadensis,  Linn.,  n.  547 ;  Dracocephalum  parviflorum, 
Nutt.,  n.  599;  Agastache  urticsefolia,  Rydb.,  n.  414;  Stachys 
scopulorum,  Greene,  n.  359. 

MONARDELLA  PARVIFOLIA.  Suffrutescent  at  base,  the  many 
slender  tufted  stems  a  foot  long  more  or  less,  decumbent  at 
base,  or  more  depressed,  subcinereous-puberulent:  leaves 
mostly  ovate-lanceolate,  some  oblong-lanceolate,  all  entire, 
obtusish,  nerveless  except  as  to  the  quite  distinct  mid  vein, 
obscurely  puberulent,  closely  glandular-punctate,  small,  half 
as  long  as  the  internodes,  the  largest  seldom  J  inch  long 
including  the  short  petiole:  heads  about  £  inch  broad; 
bracts  scarcely  colored,  somewhat  strigosely  pubescent  along 
the  veins  and  densely  white-ciliate  all  around  the  margin  : 
nerves  of  the  calyx  strigose-hairy,  the  short  teeth  densely 
but  shortly  setose-hirsute:  corollas  lilac-purple. 

Frequent  in  the  canon  of  the  Gunnison  near  Cimarron, 
where  it  was  first  collected  by  myself  in  1896,  and  now 
again  by  Mr.  Baker,  n.  678.  The  species  may  probably  in- 
clude the  so-called  M.  odoratissima  of  southern  Utah. 

SCROPHULARIACEJ3. 

CASTILLEIA  COGNATA.  Near  C.  linarisefolia,  as  tall  and 
as  nearly  glabrous,  but  in  habit  strict,  the  leaves  both  shorter 
and  suberect  rather  than  spreading ;  flowers  only  half  as 
long  as  in  that  species,  and  crowded,  forming  a  spike  both 
narrow  and  dense :  floral  bracts  less  deeply  trifid  and  their 
segments  very  unequal,  the  middle  one  much  the  longest, 
oblong,  obtuse,  the  others  both  short  and  narrow,  the  whole 


SCROPHULARIACE.E.  23 

bract  villous:    calyx   deeply  cleft  anteriorly;  galea  of  the 
corolla  shorter  than  the  tube. 

Border  of  a  meadow,  at  Jack's  Cabin,  7  July,  n.  616.  The 
collector  notes  that  he  saw  but  one  plant,  but  does  not  men- 
tion the  occurrence  of  other  species  of  the  genus  in  that 
vicinity.  That  the  bracts  and  calyx  are  cream-colored, 
instead  of  crimson,  is  one  of  several  hints  given  in  the 
aspect  of  the  plant,  of  a  possibly  hybrid  parentage  between 
C.  linarisefolia  and  C. 


PENTSTEMON  TEUCRIOIDES.  Suffrutescent,  low,  the  slender 
tufted  stems  erect,  2  to  5  inches  high,  leafy  throughout  and 
noriferous  from  below  the  middle,  the  whole  herbage  ciner- 
eous-pubescent: leaves  spatulate-linear,  entire,  almost  pun- 
gently  acute,  less  than  \  inch  long,  usually  exceeding  the 
interned es  :  flowers  5  or  more  in  each  subcapitate  and  short- 
pedicelled  glomerule,  all  forming  as  it  were  a  secund  raceme 
along  the  upper  one-half  and  more  of  the  stem  :  segments 
of  the  calyx  subulate-lanceolate,  acute,  entire,  wholly  herba- 
ceous :  narrow  and  strongly  bilabiate  deep-purple  corolla 
about  f  inch  long,  glabrous ;  sterile  filament  bearded 
almost  from  the  base  with  orange-yellow  hairs  ;  anthers 
glabrous. 

Collected  at  Sapinero,  19  June;  said  to  be  common  there, 
on  dry  ground,  n.  186.  The  specimens  are  not  well  in 
flower ;  and  the  aspect  of  the  plant,  particularly  as  to  its 
inflorescence,  is  singularly  like  that  of  a  Teucrium. 

PENTSTEMON  PROCUMBENS.  Suffrutescent,  low  and  rather 
slender,  the  older  and  more  woody  parts  of  the  branches 
prostrate  and  rooting,  the  leafy  and  noriferous  parts  assur- 
gent,  the  whole  6  to  10  inches  long;  branchlets  retrorsely 
puberulent,  as  also  the  pedicels  and  calvx.  but  leaves  green 


24  PLANTS     BAKERIAN^E. 

and  almost  glabrous,  these  many,  only  J  inch  long  but 
rather  exceeding  the  internodes,  spatulate-obovate,  obtuse  or 
some  of  the  earliest  obcordate-notched,  entire,  those  below 
the  inflorescence  with  some  fascicled  smaller  ones  in  their 
axils,  the  upper  with  Ir  to  3  flowers  in  their  axils:  calyx 
parted  deeply  into  linear-liguliforin  abruptly  acutish  and 
minutely  ciliolate  lobes:  corolla  elongated  and  narrow; 
anthers  glabrous. 

Forming  large  mats  on  open  slopes  at  Keblar  Pass,  7 
Aug.,  n.  733.  The  species  is  related  to  P.  csespitosus.  It 
may  possibly  be  identical  with  Gray's  so-called  var.  suffru- 
ticosus  of  that  species;  but  of  that  I  have  seen  no  specimens,- 
and  the  description  is  insufficient  for  the  identification  of  a 
species. 

COMPOSITE. 

SENECIO  CONTRISTATUS.  Stems  several,  stout,  erect,  2  feet 
high  or  less,  leafy  up  to  the  simple  raceme  of  several  large 
nodding  rayless  heads:  lowest  leaves  with  an  elliptic  blade 
3  inches  long  and  a  broadly  winged  petiole  half  as  long, 
the  cauline  more  lanceolate,  subsessile  or 'sessile,  all  closely 
callous-denticulate,  scaberulous  between  the  callosities,  other- 
wise glabrous,  like  all  other  parts  of  the  plant:  heads  broadly 
campanulate,  f  inch  high,  the  lanceolate  acute  bracts  of  the 
involucre  of  a  very  dark  red-brown,  the  inner  ones  with 
obvious  yellow scarious  margin:  rays  none, disk  light-yellow. 

In  small  clumps  on  open  ground  at  Keblar  Pass,  14  Aug., 
n.  787.  An  interesting  addition  to  that  small  group  of 
Rocky  Mountain  species  marked  with  few  and  large  rayless 
heads.  This  one  is,  however,  more  nearly  allied  to  the 
southern  S.  Rusbyl  than  to  its  near  neighbor,  8.  scopulinus. 

SENECIO   PYRRHOCHROUS.     Erect,   stoutish,  2   feet  high, 


COMPOSITE.  25 

glabrous,  rather  copiously  leafy  toward  the  base,  remotely 
bracted  above  the  middle:  lower  leaves  oval,  obtuse,  coarsely 
but  rather  lightly  crenate,  2  or  3  inches  long,  on  slender 
petioles  of  4  or  5  inches,  the  middle  cauline  lyrate-pinnatifid 
and  the  bracts  above  them  similar  but  reduced  and  sessile: 
terminal  cymose  corymb  like  that  of  S.  aureus,  but  the  heads 
larger,  the  campanulate  involucres  4  or  5  lines  high:  flowers 
of  both  disk  and  ray  fiery-red. 

Common  in  meadows  at  Jack's  Cabin,  25  July,  n.  612. 
A  very  handsome  subspecies  of  S.  aureus,  with  large  leaves 
very  regularly  crenate  all  around  the  margin;  the  flowers 
'of  the  richest  fire-red.  Mr.  Baker's  n.  348  from  meadows 
near  Sargent,  not  yet  in  full  flower  at  date  of  July  5,  must 
also  be  referred  here,  though  in  some  of  these  specimens 
the  lowest  leaves  are  subcordate,  and  many  of  them  almost 
entire. 

SENECIO  LAPATHIFOLIUS.  Stems  clustered,  stout,  more  or 
less  decumbent,  a  foot  high  or  more,  leafy  throughout,  the 
herbage  deep-green  and  glabrous:  leaves  4  to  6  inches  long, 
lanceolate,  acute,  .sessile  by  a  broad,  or  sometimes  taper- 
ing half-clasping  base,  undulate,  more  or  less  obviously 
denticulate:  heads  5  to  10,  large,  the  campanulate  invo- 
lucres more  than  J  inch  high,  mostly  arising  singly  from 
the  axils  of  the  leaves,  these  on  very  long  peduncles,  the 
whole  forming  a  loose  subcorymbose  panicle;  bracts  of  invo- 
lucre lanceolate  (rather  broadly  and  triangularly  so):  rays 
narrow,  about  as  long  as  the  bracts:  achenes  striate,  glabrous. 

On  the  divide  between  Ouray  and  Telluride,  10  Aug.,  n. 
738.  In  some  ways  suggestive  of  S.  crassulus,  and  doubtless 
allied  to  it,  but  in  character  very  different.  The  long  pedun- 
cles are  peculiarly  turbinate-thickeued  under  the  involucre, 
and  the  whole  plant  appears  to  be  much  more  succulent 
than  S.  crassulus. 

777—5 


26  PLANTS     BAKERIAN.E. 

SENECIO  PENTODONTUS.  Dwarf,  multicipitous,  the  scapi- 
form  peduncles  3  to  5  inches  high,  the  tufted  and  upright 
leaves  scarcely  half  as  high,  these  subcoriaceous,  their  obo 
vate-spatulate  obtuse  mostly  5-toothed  (often  3-toothed,  or 
even  quite  entire)  blades  commonly  about  as  long  as  the 
petioles  ;  growing  parts  of  the  plant  hoary-tomentulose,  the 
older  foliage  glabrate :  peduncles  with  one  or  more  narrow 
bracts  and  bearing  mostly  3  slender-pedicelled  heads;  in- 
volucres subcylindric,  nearly  J  inch  high,  their  bracts  thin, 
narrowly  lanceolate :  rays  few,  yellow,  oblong,  shorter  than 
the  involucral  bracts. 

On  open  knolls  below  the  limit  of  trees,  near  Carson,  2 
July,  n.  309.  An  interesting  subalpine  Senecio  which  may 
be  regarded  as  in  a  manner  intermediate  between  two  such 
different  species  as  S.  petrocallis  and  S.  werneriasfolius. 

The  other  Senecios  of  the  sets  are  the  following  :  S.  admir- 
abilis,  Greene,  732,  875,  both  fine  specimens;  S.  amplectens, 
Gray,  719,  771,  also  beautifully  illustrating  this  species; 
S.  atratus,  Greene,?  756,  the  foliage  too  thin  and  too  faintly 
dentate,  perhaps  almost  as  near  S.  milleflorus  ;  8.  blitoides, 
Greene,  341, 755  ;  S.carthamoides,  Greene,  731,  851,  both  num- 
bers excellent ;  S.  chloranthus,  Greene,  523,  not  exactly  typi- 
cal ;  S.  crassulus,  Gray,  774  ;  S.  eremophilus,  Rich,  596,  748  ; 
S.  Fendleri,  Gray,  516,  an  unusual  state  with  no  pinnatifid 
leaves,  857,  quite  nearly  typical;  S.flavulus,  Greene,  114, 176; 
S.  Holmii,  Greene,  729;  S.  integerrimus,  Nutt.,  44;  S,  lactu- 
cinus,  Greene,  772  ;  S.  milleflorus,  Greene,  525  ;  S.  mutabilis, 
Greene,  19,  33;  180.  S.  petrocallis,  Greene,  770;  S.  pndicus, 
Greene,  683,  858;  8.  spartiodes,  Torr.  &  Gray,  446. 

ARNICA  LANULOSA.  Gregarious  by  horizontal  root-stocks, 
the  many  stems  rather  low,  5  to  10  inches  high,  stoutish, 


COMPOSITE.  27 

very  leafy,  all  the  leaves,  even  the  upper  cauline,  greatly 
exceeding  their  internodes,  all  lanceolate,  entire,  the  longest 

3  or  4  inches  long  including  the  short  petiole,  villous-lanate 
on  both  faces  but  most  so  beneath  and  there  notably  par- 
allel-veined, also  minutely  viscid-glandular  beneath  the  in- 
dument,  the  stem  more  woolly:  heads  3  to  5,  short-peduncled, 
bracts  of  campanulate  involucre  biserial,  lanceolate,  obtusish, 
appressed-silky  but  sparsely  so:  rays  small,  deep-yellow: 
disk-corallas  with   very  long  densely  villous   and   sessile- 
glandular  tube  and  very  short  narrow  limb:  achenes  hir- 
tellous  and  also   minutely  glandular ;    pappus  long,  very 
fine,  merely  scabrous,  dull-white. 

On  shelving  banks  of  Crested  Butte,  n.  336,  and  at  Mar- 
shall Pass,  n.  881.  Related  to  A.  incana  and  A.  Bernardino,, 
especially  the  last,  but  stout  and  low,  the  leaves  quite  entire, 
the  disk-corollas  and  the  pappus  both  characteristic. 

ARNICA  SILVATICA.     Stoutish,  a  foot  high  or  more,  with 

4  or  5  pairs  of  leaves  mostly  large  and  surpassing  the  inter- 
nodes,  the  stem  loosely  pubescent,  the  leaves  very  sparsely 
clothed  with  short  appressed  hairs  and  clammy  with  co- 
pious minute  sessile  glands:  radical  leaves  none,  lowest  pair 
round-obovate  and  small,  the   pair  next  succeeding  very 
large,  obovate,  the  upper  pairs  lance-ovate,  all  more  or  less 
connate-sheathing  and  coarsely  dentate:  peduncles  3  to  5, 
terminal  and   axillary:   involucres  campanulate,  nearly  f 
inch  high,  the  narrow  bracts  thin,  somewhat  villous  and 
decidedly  viscid:  rays  large,  deep-yellow ;  disk-corollas  with 
short soft-villous  tube  and  longer  funnelform  limb:  achenes 
sparsely  villous-hirsute,  in  no  degree  glandular;    pappus 
light-tawny. 

In  woods  of  spruce  at  Ruby,  8  July,  n.  715.  A  plant 
with  much  the  general  aspect  of  A.  latifolia,  though  lower 


28  PLANTS     BAKERIAN.E. 

and  stouter,  but  quite  distinct  by  characters  of  pubescence, 
flower  and  fruit. 

ARNICA  PARVIFOLIA.  Stems  usually  3  or  4  from  the  end 
of  the  rhizome,  mostly  8  or  10  inches  high  and  monoce- 
phalous,  each  with  about  3  pairs  of  small  leaves,  the  petioles 
of  these  and  also  the  stem  and  peduncles  loosely  villous  and 
somewhat  viscid :  lowest  leaves  subcordate-ovate,  remotely 
and  often  repandly  dentate,  the  cauline  with  rhombic-lance- 
olate acute  blade  1  to  1J  inches  long,  the  lower  ones  peti- 
olate,  the  upper  sessile  :  involucre  narrow-cam panulate,  more 
than  J  inch  high,  its  lanceolate  bracts  viscid-pubescent: 
rays  large,  golden-yellow,  deeply  tridendate:  slender  achenes 
with  short  scattered  bristly  hairs  and  many  minute  dots; 
pappus  clear  white. 

Marshall  Pass,  at  10,000  ft.,  19  July,  n.  515.  Related  to 
A.  cordifolia,  much  like  it  as  to  flower  and  fruit,  but  of  dif- 
ferent habit  and  foliage. 

HELIANTHUS  FASCICULARIS.  Perennial,  rather  slender, 
the  solitary  stem  2  or  3  feet  high  from  a  fascicle  of  small 
fusiform  tuberous  roots,  glabrous  or  sparsely  pubescent,  glau- 
cescent :  leaves  opposite,  narrowly  and  acuminately  lance- 
olate, remotely  and  lightly  serrate,  triple-nerved  below  the 
middle,  scabrous  on  both  faces  with  short  pustulate  acute 
hairs,  3  to  6  inches  long,  on  petioles  of  an  inch  or  less: 
heads  1  to  3,  the  broadly  campanulate  involucre  of  lance- 
olate and  subulate  mostly  appressed  bracts  strigose-pubes- 
cent  and  ciliate :  achenes  oblong,  glabrous,  about  2^  lines 
long,  the  ovate-acuminate  lace  rate-toothed  palese  more  than 
half  as  long. 

So  far  as  known  first  collected  by  myself  at  Cimarron, 
Colorado,  3  Aug.,  1896  ;  but  it  is  now  in  Mr.  Baker's  collection 


COMPOSITE.  29 

from  Gunnison,  n.  816.     The  propagation  is  by  a  few  run- 
ners from  the  crown  of  the  fascicled  roots. 

TETRANEURIS  INTERMEDIA.  Perennial,  caespitose,  the 
slender  peduncles  6  to  8  inches  high,  rarely  bractless, 
usually  with  one  or  more  leafy  bracts  below  the  middle,  not 
rarely  parted  below  the  middle  into  two  branches  each 
monocephalous:  leaves  comparatively  short,  narrowly  spat- 
ulate-linear  and  linear,  green  and  glabrate  or  with  a  few 
scattered  very  long  pilose  hairs  on  the  lower  face  or  near 
the  margin,  rather  notably  punctate:  peduncles  more  or 
less  villous,  canescently  so  under  the  involucre,  this  small, 
its  oblong  acutish  bracts  villous-lanate :  paleas  of  the  pappus 
ovate  oblong,  conspicuously  awned. 

E)ry  hills  at  Ciinarron,  southern  Colorado,  6  June,  1901, 
C.  F.  Baker,  n.  34.  Intermediate  between  the  acaulescent 
and  caulescent  species  of  the  genus. 

PSILOSTROPHE  BAKERi.  Herbaceous,  apparently  perennial, 
much  branched,  4  to  8  inches  high,  the  branches  at  earliest 
flowering  not  much  exceeding  the  large  spatulate-obovate  or 
-oblong  green  but  thinly  villous-lanate  large  basal  leaves, 
these  obtuse,  entire,  some  of  the  cauline  coarsely  toothed  or 
3-lobed  at  or  near  the  apex,  all  obviously  1  to  3-nerved : 
branches  short,  almost  divaricate,  the  breadth  of  the  plant 
greater  than  its  height :  heads  scattered,  very  large,  appar- 
ently always  5-rayed  and  the  rays  more  than  ^  inch  long, 
deeply  3-lobed  :  bracts  of  involucre  green-herbaceous,  obvi- 
ously distinct,  their  tips  spreading:  achenes  glabrous, closely 
and  strongly  striate ;  palese  of  the  pappus  oval,  obtuse,  more 
or  less  toothed  across  the  summit,  little  longer  than  broad, 
not  half  as  long  as  the  achene,  nor  a  third  as  long  as  the 
corolla. 


30  PLANTS    BAKERIAN.E. 

Near  Montrose,  southwestern  Colorado,  4  June,  and  near 
Grand  Junction,  11  June,  1901,  C.  F.  Baker,  nn.  14  and 
106.  Species  strongly  marked  both  in  habit  and  characters 
of  fruit. 

HYMENOPAPPUS  OCHROLEUCUS.  Perennial,  the  stoutish 
caudex  branching,  each  branch  with  a  tuft  of  petiolate 
leaves  and  a  subscapiform  though  branched  and  corymbose 
stem  12  to  18  inches  high;  herbage  white-floccose  when 
very  young,  the  stem  and  fully  developed  foliage  more  or 
less  completely  glabrate:  principal  leaves  4  or  5  inches  long, 
pinnate  or  more  or  less  completely  bipinnate,  i.  e.,  some  of 
the  segments  entire,  only  those  below  the  middle  of  the 
rachis  parted  into  one  or  more  segments,  all  linear:  loosely 
subcorymbose  heads  12  to  20,  broadly  iurbinate,  J  inch 
high  :  corollas  whitish  or  cream-color :  palese  of  the  pappus 
rather  many  and  narrow,  little  exceeding  the  silky-villous 
indument  of  the  achene,  and  of  hardly  half  the  length  of 
the  corolla-tube. 

Dry  hillsides  about  Cimarron,  Colorado,  June,  1901,  C. 
F.  Baker,  nn.  25  and  269. 

HYMENOPAPPUS  PARVULUS.  Tufted  stems  many  on  a 
branching  perennial  caudex,  leafy  at  base  only,  rather  slen- 
der, 5  to  9  inches  high,  bearing  a  few  subcorymbose  small 
heads  at  summit :  leaves  canescently  tomentose,  once  or 
twice  pinnately  parted  into  linear  segments :  turbinate  heads 
only  3  or  3|  lines  high  ;  bracts  of  involucre  oblong-obovate, 
mainly  green  and  tomentulose  but  with  light-green  subsca- 
rious  margin :  corollas  greenish-yellow :  achenes  with  short- 
villous  and  spreading  pubescence;  paleaB  of  pappus  7  to  9, 
cuneate-obcordate,  longer  than  the  corolla-tube,  the  mid  vein 
prominent  below,  the  organ  otherwise  thin-hyaline. 


COMPOSITE.  31 

On  dry  stony  ground  in  the  lowlands  about  Gunnison, 
nn.  449  and  840. 

ARTEMISIA  BAKERI.  Allied  to  A.  Mexicana  but  more 
slender,  and  with  the  tufted  stems  decumbent  or  depressed 
and  also  rather  loosely  branching:  foliage  rather  sparse, 
green  and  glabrous  above,  white-tomentose  beneatb,  the 
lower  leaves  with  few  and  rather  remote  pinnate  segments, 
those  of  the  branchlets  entire,  all  linear  or  with  linear  seg- 
ments, the  margins  narrowly  revolute:  heads  in  an  ample 
and  loose  panicle,  many  of  them  short-pedicellate,  campanu- 
late,  the  outer  bracts  short,  herbaceous,  acute,  the  inner 
obtuse  and  largely  scarious,  all  somewhat  arachnoid- 
canescent. 

This  species,  very  well  marked  as  to  habit,  was  first  col- 
lected by  myself,  in  the  canon  of  the  Gunnison,  near 
Cimarron,  Colorado,  in  August  of  1896.  Mr.  Baker  now 
distributes  it,  and  from  the  original  station,  or  near  it, 
under  n.  698. 

ERIGERON  SIMULANS.  Near  E.  pumilus  and  of  the  same 
size  and  habit,  the  many  short  stems  crowning  the  taproot 
almost  or  altogether  herbaceous;  the  spatulate-linear  leaves 
strongly  and  very  stiffly  hispid-ciliate  from  the  base  to  the 
middle,  the  upper  portion  (or  proper  blade)  with  a  finer 
strigose  hairiness  closely  appressed:  pedunculiform  mono- 
cephalous  branches  sparingly  leafy  below,  slender  and 
naked  under  the  involucre,  this  green  and  as  if  glabrous 
to  the  unaided  eye,  but  its  outermost  bracts  sparsely  bristly- 
hairy:  rays  pale  flesh-color  or  white:  outer  pappus  very 
conspicuous,  of  oblong-obovate  acutish  lacini ate- toothed 
paleae. 

Stony  hills  about  Cimarron,  southern  Colorado,  6  June, 


32  PLANTS    BAKERIAN^E. 

1901,  C.  F.  Baker,  n.  40.  The  plant  so  closely  simulates, 
habitally,  the  common  but  always  more  northerly  E.pumilus, 
that  but  for  its  very  remarkable  double  pappus  it  would 
have  been  let  pass  for  that  species.  But  upon  examination 
its  pubescence  is  of  another  character,  and  the  whole  plant 
is  greener  and  more  slender. 

PLANTAGINACE^E. 

PLANTAGO  RETRORSA.  Perennial,  of  the  size  and  with  the 
habit  of  P.  eriopoda,  and  with  even  a  closely  similar  pubes- 
cence, but  wholly  wanting  the  fuscous  woolliness,  which  so 
conspicuously  marks  that  species,  the  leaves  not  entire  but 
coarsely  though  sparsely  runcinate-toothed  below  the  mid- 
dle :  sepals  much  more  herbaceous,  and  capsules  more  elon- 
gated; seeds  elliptic-oblong. 

Abundant  in  alkaline  meadows  at  Doyle's,  28  June,  n. 
627.  Excellently  marked  by  the  four  characters  indicated, 
as  distinct  from  the  kindred  species,  with  which  it  may 
have  been  confounded,  if  before  collected  ;  but  the  plant  is 
wholly  new  to  me.1 

NYCTAGINACE.E. 

ABRONIA  BAKERI.  Allied  to  A.fragrans,  but  much  smaller, 
and  suffrutescent,  the  stems  and  branches,  both  the  woody 

1iP.  SHASTENSIS.  Also  allied  to  P.  eriopoda,  and  with  definite  traces 
of  its  basal  woolliness,  but  leaf-outline  and  leaf-texture  very  different,  all 
being  comparatively  thin,  not  at  all  ceriaceous,  and  the  outline  distinctly 
obovate,  the  whole  margin  apt  to  be  more  or  less  repand-toothed :  spikes 
relatively  short,  and  much  more  dense  than  in  P.  eriopoda;  capsules  almost 
globose  and  not  exceeding  but  even  quite  included  within  the  calyx,  the 
sepals  of  which  are  largely  herbaceous,  and  their  narrow  scarious  margins 
distinctly  ciliolate  all  around  :  seeds  oval. — Species  known  to  me  only  as 
.collected  by  myself  on  the  plains  of  Shasta  River  in  Northern  California, 
twenty-five  years  since.  They  were  distributed  for  P.  eriopoda,  but  are 
now  seen  to  represent  something  very  distinct. 


NYCTAGINACK/K.  33 

and  the  herbaceous  ones,  glabrous  and  very  glaucous:  leaves 
much  smaller  than  in  A.fragrans,  subcordate-orbicular  to 
oval,  very  obtuse,  usually  about  an  inch  long,  on  petioles 
somewhat  longer  or  shorter:  flower  smaller  than  in  A.  fra- 
grans,  the  perianth-limb  apparently  funnelfrom  rather  than 
rotate:  fruits  scabrous  on  the  sides,  roughish-tomentulose  at 
summit. 

This  species,  easily  distinguished  from  the  northern  and 
and  true  A.fragrans  (a  large  perennial,  wholly  herbaceous) 
by  its  small  size,  suffrutescent  habit,  white  stems  and  total 
lack  of  clamminess,  is  well  represented  in  the  following 
numbers:  13,  obtained  at  Montrose,  best  showing  the  half- 
shrubby  growth;  89,  from  Deer  Run,  somewhat  larger,  and 
92,  from  Grand  Junction;  this  last,  at  least  in  my  set,  is  a 
young  plant,  flowering  perhaps  the  first  year  from  the  seed, 
and  thus  exhibiting,  naturally,  no  sign  of  the  ultimate 
woodiness  of  the  stem. 

ALLIONTA  ROTUNDIFOLIA.  About  a  foot  high,  the  stoutish 
clustered  stems  ascending,  densely  crinite-hirsute  as  to  the 
lower  and  shorter  internodes,  the  upper  portions,  as  well  as 
the  lower  face  of  the  uppermost  leaves  more  loosely  and 
hispidly  hirsute:  lowest  leaves  suborbicular,  obtuse,  about 
1 J  inches  long,  the  upper  larger,  sometimes  round-ovate,  all 
more  or  less  woolly-ciliolate:  flowers  and  fruits  not  seen. 

Obtained  at  Swallow's,  between  Pueblo  and  Canon  City, 
1  June,  n.  3.  The  specimens,  though  not  yet  in  flower, 
exhibit  in  their  peculiar  foliage  and  pubescence  characters 
sufficient  for  the  establishment  of  a  species.  The  inflores- 
cences are  clustered,  and  arise  from  the  axils  of  only  the 
uppermost  leaves. 

PAPILIONACE.E. 

THERMOPSIS  PINETORUM.  Less  than  a  foot  high  at  flower- 
ing, in  age  rather  taller;  oblong  and  obovate-oblong  leaflets 

777-6 


34  PLANTS     BAKERIAN.E. 

1£  to  2  inches  long,  obtusish,  sparsely  appressed-hairy  be- 
neath, glabrous  above;  stipules  ovate,  1  to  1£  inches  long: 
racemes  short  and  few-flowered,  even  subcapitate,  the 
corollas  large;  calyx  villous,  its  triangular  teeth  half  as 
long  as  the  tube:  pods  about  3  inches  long,  ascending, 
straight,  appressed-pubescent. 

At  Marshall  Pass,  common  in  open  places  among  the 
pine  woods,  19  July,  n.  485;  flowering  specimens  only;  but 
the  fruiting  specimens,  from  precisely  the  same  locality, 
were  obtained  by  myself,  4  Sept.,  1896,  and  have  been  kept 
ever  since,  under  the  above  name  as  a  new  species,  awaiting 
flowering  specimens. 

THERMOPSIS  STRICTA.  Much  taller,  even  1J  feet  high  in 
flower,  very  strict,  and  with  a  long  interrupted  raceme  of 
smallish  flowers  of  which  the  lowest  are  subverticillate: 
mature  leaflets  If  to  2^  inches  long,  mostly  oblong  or  ellip- 
tical, some  of  the  largest  inclining  to  oblanceolate,  glabrous 
above,  sparsely  pubescent  beneath;  ovate  stipules  1  to  2 
inches  long:  calyx  canescently  villous,  its  teeth  narrower, 
more  than  half  the  length  of  the  tube:  pods  very  erect,  2 
inches  long  or  more,  vilhms-tomentose. 

In  meadows  at  Sapinero,  19  June,  n.  173,  in  flower;  also 
at  Gunnison,  25  July,  n.  604,  in  fruit.1 

1  T.  ANGUSTATA.  Two  feet  high  and  somewhat  bushy  by  several  well 
developed  leafy  sterile  branches,  but  only  the  main  stem  bearing  flowers  : 
leaflets  about  2  inches  long,  elliptical,  deep-green,  villous-pubescent 
beneath  (as  also  the  stem ) ,  but  glabrous  above ;  stipules  small  and 
narrow,  barely  I  inch  long,  or  even  less,  and  lanceolate  :  calyx  and  pods 
hoary-tomentose,  the  latter  about  2  inches  long,  strictly  erect. — Known 
only  as  collected  by  myself,  at  Star  Valley,  in  the  foothills  of  the  Ruby 
Mountains,  Nevada,  20  July,  1896.  The  specimens  are  in  fruit  only,  but 
by  the  remarkably  narrow,  and  almost  exactly  elliptical  foliage,  and  the 
tomentose  pods,  a  marked  species  is  indicated. 


COMPOSITE.  35 

LTJPINUS  RUBRICAULIS.  Perennial,  the  tufted  stems  slen- 
der, a  foot  high  or  more,  simple,  remotely  leafy  with  rather 
small  very  slender-petioled  leaves,  both  stem,  petioles  and, 
in  part  the  leaves  dark  red-purple  and  sparingly  and  min- 
utely silky-villous :  leaflets  about  7  or  8,  cuneate-oblong  or 
elliptical,  unequal,  the  largest  1J  inches  long,  the  slender 
petioles  much  longer;  stipules  small,  subulate:  raceme  ses- 
sile, 3  or  4  inches  long,  rather  dense,  the  flowers  scattered, 
middle-sized,  pedicels  and  very  gibbous  calyx  white-silky; 
corolla  dark  blue-purple,  banner  shortest  of  all  the  petals, 
the  narrowly  pointed  falcate  keel  longest  and  naked:  fruit 
not  seen. 

On  moist  slopes  of  Crested  Butte,  6  July,  n.  342;  con- 
spicuous by  the  dark  purplish  hue  of  the  herbage,  and  in 
habit  quite  an  elegant  species. 

LUPINUS  ARCEUTHINUS.  Stems  rather  rigidly  erect,  form- 
ing large  tufts  3  feet  high,  simple  and  very  leafy,  hoary- 
pubescent  throughout,  the  stem  with  a  villous,  the  leaves 
with  a  more  short  end  appressed  silky-velvety  indument: 
leaflets  7  or  8,  lance-elliptical,  acute,  the  largest  2  inches 
long;  raceme  sessile,  6  inches  long,  rather  dense,  all  the 
flowers  scattered,  rather  large;  stout  pedicels,  and  short  gib- 
bous calyx  scarcely  more  velvety  than  the  rachis;  corolla 
wholly  dark  blue-purple,  the  petals  subequal,  the  not 
strongly  falcate  keel  densely  woolly-ciliate  throughout : 
pods  more  than  an  inch  long,  quite  broad,  velvety-tomen- 
tose. 

At  Cedar  Edge,  24  June,  n.  246. 

LUPINUS  DICHROUS.  Size  and  habit  of  the  last,  with 
similar  though  somewhat  larger  foliage,  the  pubescence  both 
shorter  and  more  scanty,  perhaps  best  described  as  silvery- 


36  PLANT.*:     BAKERIAN^E. 

canescent;  raceme  short-ped uncled,  less  elongated,  open  and 
subverticillate;  pedicels  and  short  gibbous  calyx  velvety: 
corolla  at  first  white,  the  banner  only  at  length  changing 
to  reddish-purple,  this  rather  shorter  than  the  other  petals; 
keel  rather  broadly  lunate  and  not  long-pointed,  strongly 
\voolly-ciliate  throughout:  pods  oblong-linear,  If  inches 
long,  silky-tomentose,  5-seeded  ;  seeds  flat,  white. 

Also  at  Cedar  Edge,  24  June,  n.  249;  the  strictly  two- 
colored  rather  large  corollas  rendering  the  plant  very 
attractive. 

LUPINUS  AMPLUS.  Stems  clustered,  stout,  3  feet  high, 
very  leafy  with  leaves  of  the  largest  dimensions,  the  thin 
elliptic-lanceolate  acute  leaflets  about  10  and  3  to  5  inches 
long,  green  and  glabrous  above,  sparsely  appressed-silky- 
hairy  beneath  and  more  strongly  so  on  the  margin;  the 
stem  and  peduncles  villous:  raceme  sessile,  10  inches  long, 
both  broad  and  rather  dense,  nowhere  subverticillate: 
pedicels  f  inch  long  or  more,  densely  hirsute,  as  also  the 
short  calyx:  corolla  of  the  largest,  f  inch  long;  banner 
shortest,  dark-purple;  wings  violet,  conspicuously  striate- 
veined  with  purple;  keel  falcate,  slender-pointed,  hirtellous- 
ciliate  above  the  middle:  pods  not  seen,  but  ovaries  silky- 
tomentose. 

At  Cerro  Summit  above  Cimarron,  17  June,  n.  164.  Very 
large  and  showy,  recalling  L.  magnus  of  the  California!!  sea- 
board, almost  as  large,  but  not  succulent;  and  quite  ?(.• 
distinct  from  the  far-northwestern  L.  polyphyllm. 

LUPINUS  LEPTOSTACHYUS.  Clustered  stems  stout,  very 
erect,  2  feet  high  or  more,  with  relatively  small  leaves  and 
the  smallest  ot  flowers  in  very  long  racemes:  leaflets  about 
9,  oblong-linear,  abruptly  acute,  unequal,  the  longest  If 


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