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THE PlANTSMAN

The Africamized Homey bee in the United States:

V\ - Does It Mean for Honeybees in New Hampshire?

The Threat of L ^' \i e Disease in New H a \i r s h

i-ii-ii-ii-i

A P R I L / M A Y

The Mitsubishi Fuso
4\VD FG.

Built to work where
others can't.

There's always been a need for a
four-wheel drive, cab-over light-duty
truck that can conquer sand, snow,
steep hills, and off-road conditions.

A real truck.

The 127 HP, 1 1,600 Ib./GVW,
intercooled. turbocharged diesel
MITSUBISm FUSO 4WD FG, is
exacdy that truck.

A cab-forward design with
exceptional front and side visibility
lets drivers see over, and around,
snowplows. Up, and down, hilly
terrain. And threatening condiuons
that conventional designs hide.

Wheelbase options help maintain
the original design integrity that's
often sacrificed by unnecessary
adaptions.

A durable, reliable chassis, frame,
and suspension system not only
makes the ride smooth. But also
protects the truck, the load, and your
investment And, accepts a variety of
body and box options.

It is a truck that has survived over
5,000 miles of threatening condi-
tions in the Australian outback to
finish the 1988 Wynn's Safari Rally
Race when 50% of the entrants
didn't.

MFTSUBISm FUSO 4WD FG
will work on those jobs that destroy
ordinar.', conventional trucks.

INTERNATIONAL

LIBERTY INTERNATIONAL

1400 South Willow Street

Manchester, NH 03103

Parts: 669-8524 623-8873

NH WATS: 1-800-562-3814

MITSUBISHI
FUSO

INSIDE

16 Pleasant View Gardens 'Spring
Fling.' Pleasant View Gardens,
Pittsfield, NH 03263. For informa-
tion: (603) 435-8361.

26 National Arbor Day.

June

14-16 WF&FSA (Wholesale
Florists and Florist Suppliers of
America) Trade Show. Orange
County Convention/Civic Onter,
Orlando, Florida. For information:
(703)241-1100

18-21 Grow America Trade Show
& Conference. Sponsored by
Greenhouse Product News maga-
zine. Nashville (Convention
Center, Nashville, TN. For
information: Janet Currv at (708)
298-6622.

19 Joint Maine I New Hampshire
FTD Clambake. Bar Harbor, ME.
For information: Paul (]odbout;
(603)625-5155.

23-24 New Hampshire FTD
Annual Meeting. (The program
will include a seminar entitled
"Managing People for Improved
Results.") Site to be announced.
For information: Paul (Sodbout;
(603)625-5155.

July

9 Connecticut Nurserymen's
Association Summer Meeting.
Hosted by Kogut Nurserj' at
Mountainside Outing Club,

Wallingford, CT. For information:

(203)872-2095.

12-15 American Association of
Nurserymen Convention. Orlando,
Florida. For information: (202) 789-
2900.

13-17 International Floriculture
Industry Short Course. Cincinnati
Convention (Center, Cincinnati,
Ohio. Sponsored by The Ohio State
University and Ohio Florists'
Association. For information: (614)
487-1117.

3 1 Massachusetts Nurserymen's
Association Summer Meeting. For
information: (617) 266-6800.

August

4-10 Perennial Plant Symposium,
Farmington CT and Long Island,
NTf. For information contact Dr.
Steve Still, Perennial Plant Associa-
tion, 2282 Schirtzinger Road,
Hilliard, OH 43026, (614) 771-8431.

7 New England Nurserymen's
Association Summer Meeting, in
conjunction with the Rhode Island
Nurserymen's Association Summer
Meeting. Portsmouth, RI. For
information: (617) 964-8209.

14 New Hampshire Plant Growers'
Association Summer Meeting.
Pleasant View Greenhouses,
Pittsfield, KK. For information:
Chris Robarge at (603) 862-1074.

22 Griffin Greenhouse Supply Open
House. Tewksbury, Mass. For
information: (508) 851-4346.

FROM THE BOARD

Sales — A Point of View

Bruce Holmes

MINUTES

6&7

NT:W HAMPSHIRE NTWS

10 & 11

ELSE\\-HERE IN THE NTWS

'THE THREAT OF LYME DISEASE
in New Hampshire
Dr. Alan T. Eaton

THE AFRICANTZED HON-EYBEE

IN THE UNTTED STATES

What Does It Mean for Honeybees

in New Hampshire?

David Sorenson

NEW HAMPSHIRE S RESPONSE

More on

The Hemlock Wooly Adelgid

PROFILE

Ledgewood Farms:

Seedlings are Important

"Tanstaafl"
Carl Woodbury

BUSINESS ENTiriES

Advantages & Disadvantages

Elizabeth L. Bayne

DESiaN": JoNi Doherti' Design Stl-dio

The PLanlsinan is published in early
February, -April, June, September, Oc-
tober, and December with copy dead-
I lines being the 5th ofeach prior month.
While camera-ready is preferred, as
set-up assistance is available at a
nominal fee. Free dassifiesd advertis-
ing is offered as a member service We
«ill carry a short message (no artwork
or logos) for one or two issues of The
Plantsman.

AD SIZE 6x Ix

3 3/S- w X 2 3«-h $120 $30

3 3/8" w I 4 7/8Ti $160 $40

r w I 2a«"h $160 $40

r w I 4 7/S-h $250 $50

7- w X 10 -h $400 $100

For fiirther informatioii, please con-
tact the editor Robert Parker at the
UNH Research Greenhouses, Durham,
NH03S24,(603)S62-2061;orPO Box 5,
Newfields, NH 03S56, (603)778-€353.

April/May 1991 1

FROM THE BOARD

NEVr HAMPSHIRE

r^i-A>7iliA>.

Tuesday, February 5, 1991

The Febrxiarv msetinf o^ the NH T^. art Grc-sT'err A55.:<-
onFecT-i-- "it?"'-: " --------- -^-_

Chris ?.:--. 1;- :

Welcome to Qur
New Members

POBai:1597
Bocfaester^KH 03867

uetaiis — norsesnoes. C3ci5

jdbo

Favi£Bia(£Tier

107Soa&St-,#201

Boston- MA 02111

Fort B5n Fam Hvrserj
260Qiiad£rkBaad
TbcspsaB, CT 06277

Moaday, March 4, 1391

The ^leerriagbesar. ai 7:1-5 at Pleasan*\lewGaTdHJS.Ta«Prtee,ClHTS
Bofaarge, J^UH^ET Got^ Bob DesKis, firk Wjant, aod J^ Heat7,
andJofan]

Tom

fc Garden Show, he-^afia phuMug

chased exlafaitian space at tiie New

alsomMaiiriiBhfa'T-Ttis<ast$250LTterewasa'

thesiacEffidkwasdecidedffa^TaBaBd

a £9ilaT and organize Ae ■anaiDe of it.

During the report on TSeJ

aboGi the high cos, bat it was i^ that Ae ancBt I

kefic It was then decided that a tagger iwintiae of Ttg.

(Jraie/^lT)oaaldfaeasedaspartafa]

1 liiiii fill llii "iiMBii Ml iliiiL Till I i|M £

ThoBwasi

■MeeHB^ Speakers asd

topics ftypossMeieeeitifii aiimcredtewfflbeanjgiBDdliy tig mcjI

ester "I in the eariy £d. Speakers ^id i
worked into!

RED 4, Box 286
NH 0324^5

ifeAveenT Greenhacse

POBcn:33

OwiSa-eet

Campw^XE 03223

SooAemN-E- Fc

ACA

"PC' -Bdlz-iof:
N. Kansas Cirr. MO 64J.16

SCLZ

PO Box not
HrlHs-N-H 03019

Mat 1991 3

Carino Nurseries

Lining Out Stock

Million of Seedlings
High Quality Reasonable Prices

Over 100 selections for Christmas trees, ornamentals, windbreaks, timber, soil conservation, wildlife cover.
Free Catalog: Carino Nurseries Box 538, Dept. CC, Indiana, Pensylvania 15701

PHONE: 412-463-3350 or 463-7480

HARRY STOLLER & CO., Inc.

109-113 Essex St., Haverhill, Mass. 01830, (508) 373-6838, (800) 322-0332
We cater to the small and medium size nursery in any quantity desired:

1 . New heavy grade domestic burlap sqs. 5. Wire baskets

untreated & no-rot-treated

2. Open burlap bags

3. New windbreak burlap

4. Balling bags

6. Flat-folded burlap basket liners

7. Truck covers

8. Sisal twine & poly twine

9. Woven polypropylene sqs.

NURSERIES

a division of Culbro Corporation

[a;i£^

Find out more Wrile lor a Catalog or Conact

Sales Rep Doug Lentz at (617) 93^^184

PO BOX 120. 90 SALMON BROOK STREET. GRANBY. CT 06035

(203) 653^1541

KRAUSLAND FARM. ROUTE 90. OUINCr'. FLORIDA 32351

(904) 627-7501

PO BOX 1288. SANDY. OR 97055

(503) 66&^32

Wholesale Nursery Stock that looks good and sells well

Container and B & B Shrubs

Laughlon's
Garden Center Inc.

Cal Laughton, Florist

NURSERY STOCK • ANNUALS

PERENNIALS
FERTILIZERS • INSECTICIDES

CHARLES LAUGHTON ■ PRESIDENT
JAMES SIMPSON NURSERY SALES

LA UGH TONS

Distributors of Sentinel Foam Overwinter Blankets

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL NURSERY

Tel. 1-800-633-0159

155-165 Princeton Blvd.

No. Chelmsford, MA 01863

4 THE PlANTSMAN

BAG&BURLAPI

::»^ Serving Your

[j/jl Nursery Supply

S^^ A/ppfY/t Since 1910!

Hartford, Connecticut
(203) 653-8191 • FAX (203) 653-8221

We Are Major

Manufacturers

and Distributors!

order direct from the manufac-
^=,^--~ turerofqualilyplain
'"■ ^^ ardtreoted

" No-Rot' burlap
squaresarxj rolls,
bogs.shode cloth,
digging supplies,
juteerosioncontrol
nettir-igarxJmany
accessory products.

SI r>ce 1910, we have
worked to aid the
grower arxj nurse rynrrari
'fcijrr ' .;c^ with quality products, in stock
^^J and ready for immediate
^^fe st"43nnent.

You Deserve the Best . . . You'll get it at Dayton Bag & Burlap!

1-800-543-3400

TREES • EVERGREENS • SHRUBS

COLORADO SPRUCES
3' to 10'... QUANTITY PRICES AVAILABLE

O'Donal's
Nurseries

HOURS:
Mon. - Sat.
7:00 - 5:30
Sunday
9:00 - 5:00

Located at junction of routes 22 & 1 1 4

Gorham, Maine 04038

Phone (207)839-4262 or 839-6364

Fax 207-839-2290

We specialize in growing specimen plant materials

YOUR FULL SERVICE WHOLESALE
and RETAIL GARDEN CENTER

Cati or insit our convenient (ocation tv
see our compUtt stocky of these fine products:

^ ^

Annuals, Perennials and Nursery Stock

Scotts' Lawn Pro Authorized Dealer

Ortho • Ames Tools

Country Pride Compost Products

Featuring Seasonal and Holiday
Plants and Accessories

iri^@ (Bir(S(3m(SJrw

Roule 16, Osslpee, N.H. 03864

603-539-5995

Hours: 8-5 7 Days

Featuring 'NK Gold' Forsythia

The best of the new, hardy forsythias

developed here by Paul Joly.

Several sizes available.

Rooted Cuttings -- Potted Liners

of other hard-to-find slirubs and trees.
Send for a catalog.

Perennials & Nursery Stock

Wholesale and retail.

Landscape Consulting

WIMDSOR ROAD
MURSERY

Rt. 2 - Box 884 - Cornish, NH 03745

Call for an appointment

Telephone 603-543-3239

April/May 1991 5

^siiPSiEin

Partial Credit

System

Approved

On February 21, The
New Hampshire Pesti-
cide Control Board held
a public hearing on the
partial credit system for
recertification for pri-
vate pesticide applica-
tors. About a dozen
people— apple growers,
Christmas tree growers,
people from co-operati ve
extension— testified at
the hearing.

Pesticide Control Board
member Jeff Hunting-
ton (Pleasant View Gar-

fenmg

The New Hampshire Plant Growers Association will
hold their annual Summer Meeting at Pleasant View
Gardens on August 14. Besides the facilities at Pleasant
View, members can tour Millican Nursery next door
and D.S. Cole Growers in Louden.
Along with the toui's, the Board is planning a bigger
trade show , a good meal, and talks that could give those
attending credit toward pesticide applicator's license
recertiTication. There will be an auction, door prizes,
horseshoes, volleyball. ...all on August 14 at Pleasant
View Gardens in Pittsfield.

ness in November.
Doug, formerly in
power line construc-
tion, is fairly new at
this line of work,
but "a sister-in-law
had worked here a
couple years ago," so
she's familiar with
the operation.

Windham will re-
main a full-service
retail garden center
and florist shop.
Doug is working to
attract "your aver-
age home-owner"
with reduced prices
and a 10" floor plant
sale that has been
goingon this winter.

dens,Pittsrield)saidthatmostpeople package" (which gives each contest- New products available include

were very positive about the new sys-
tem. The growers sti-essed that
changes in the industry— new prod-
ucts, newrules— happen sooften that
one meeting every five years "would-
n'tbe enough to keep us up to date." It
was felt that more frequent informa-
tional meetings could be better publi-
cized, to show the public concerned
about pesticides that "we know what
we're doing; we do care."
Concern wasexpressedaboutthelim-
ited number of opportunities to earn
credits in the greenhouse and nurs-
ery industries; for this system to work
well, it was felt that more workshops
and twilight meetings might be
needed.

The changes were approved by the
Board. Although theimplementation
process isn't over, it's safe to say that
New Hampshire now has a partial
credit system for recertification.

And the Winner Is....

Debrah Deft-eze of Jasmine's Flower
Shop in Seabrook won the New
Hampshire FTD America's Cup De-
sign Competition. This annual com-
petition, held thisyear in Portsmouth
on January 27, consisted of three
parts: designing a table setting for
Superbowl Sunday, designing a bri-
dal bouquet, and using a "surprise

6 THE PLANTSMAN

It a similar container and flower wider variety of plant material, along
materiaDtocreateanoriginal design, with items like fountains, refiecting

pools, and statuary. He hopes to expand
Using such flowers as freesia, ranun- ^^^ wholesale aspect of the business as
cuius, roses, and lilac blossoms, ^^^^^
Debrah created a bridal bouquet in

tones of soft lavenders, creams, and We welcome Doug and Tracy to New
pjnl^^s Hampshire and wish them success.

WindhamNurseriesislocatedoffRoute
Her Superbowl Sunday Table was gg ^^^^^ ^^-^ 3 ^^ ^^^^ m) {„
another thing altogether. Usmg a Windham,
football for partofthecenterpiece and
a wrist band as a napkin holder, the
color scheme was red and royal blue, \ SuCCeSS...
Theplantmaterialincludeddelphini- „ r. . t:^

urns, anthurium, ginger, and tropical The NH Farm & Forest Exposition,
Cq^j ' held in Manchester in early February,

is seen as a success. There was a good
And from her surprise package, she turnoutr-20,000 general admissions,
created a stylized arrangement of ^^^j attendance at the specific com-
iris, daisies, mini-dianthus, snaps.... modity meetings was high, with
"I had no idea what my end products standing room only in areas like
would be like when I went on stage," "^E Beef Production" and 'T)airy Goat
Debrah said. "I hate to kill the pro- Management."
cess with too much planning." ,,,ttt^ . .. r a ■ 1

Zib (at the NH Departmentof Agncul-
Second prize winner was Ray Savage ^^^e) felt that the high attendance
of Flowers by Ray Savage of Keene, ^as due to the quality of the speakers,
and third prize went to Becky Ser- -pj^jg y^^^^^ ^he Farm & Forest Board
vant of Emerson Gardens in Leba- supported organizations sponsoring
non. speakers by giving matching grants to

help with expenses. The results were
_ top-notch speakers and higher atten-

Another New Owner dance

Windham Nurseries, in Windham, After a final meeting "to wind things
NH, is under new ownership. Doug up," the Board won't meet again until
and Tracy Grattan, up from Billeri- August, when it starts planning for
ca Massachusetts, bought the busi- next year. 1992's a primary year in

New Hampshire. Primary-related
booking have priority, so the date's
still uncertain.

...and a Casualty

The 1991 Granite State Garden &
Flower Show, scheduled to be held at
the Manchester Armory on March 6-
10, was cancelled on February 11, "a
casualty of the Persian Gulf War."

The Armory rental was doubled (from
$500 to $1000 a day) and the Board
was reminded that should conditions
in the Gulf warrant, the Garden &
Flower Show "would be required to
vacate the premises at a moment's
notice."

Expenses were high. Along with the
rent, the Board was told that the
Manchester Police Department
would require a 15% increase (to
$5400) in the fee paid to the three
officers needed during the show and
that there was a good possibility
that they'd be required to add a
fourth "to insure security at this
time." A fee to the fire department
was $1700; the janitor's fee, $2000; a
permit from the city of Manchester
"to run a fair" cost $300; dumpster
rental was $400. John Jacobs, Presi-
dentofflower show organization, felt

"there was no way we could recoup
our costs."

But things look good for next year.
The Board began working on the 1992
Show on April 4. Members are seri-
ously considering holding the event
at the Philips Exeter Academy Field
House "during the spring break
when the students aren't there".
John feels it is "a good spot, only 30
minutes from Manchester." The
building has a glass roof, there's ad-
equate parking, and — importantly —
costs would be substantially lower.
(For example, rental would be "$2000
for the entire eight days — and this
would include the services of two se-
curity guards".)

The Board is also actively looking for
sponsors to help offset any costs in-
curred should this sort of unexpected
financial situation happen again.
And Jacobs said he'd been discussing
with the New Hampshire Land-
scaper's Association "their mem-
bership's full support of and partici-
pation in a 1992 show".

This year's cancellation was dis-
heartening, but from the sound of
things right now, next year's show
might really be "better than ever."
For more information, contact John
Jacobs at Mr. Bee's (603-627-7667).

Aaron Wentworth:
1934-1991

Aaron A. Wentworth of
Rollinsford, vice-president
and operator of the family
business, Wentworth Green-
houses of Rollinsford, died
January 11, 1991, at the
Wentworth- Douglas Hospi-
tal after a brief illness. He
was 57 years oldL

Bom January 4, 1934, he
was the son of Andrew and
Mary(Chick)Wentworth.He
was a lifetime resident of the
Dover-Rollinsford area. A
well-known horticulturist,
he was also a member of
the Maine Obsolete Auto
League.

Survivors include his wife,
Janice (Henderson) Went-
worth, two sons, Daniel and
John, his father, a brother
and a sister, and several
nieces and nephews.

EASTERN

WHITE PINE

6-10' Height

Beautiful, heavy,

Vermont, Connecticut Valley

nursery grown.

Growing 500 Acres ol New England's Finest Trees & Shruh

604 Main Street

Cromwell, Connecticut 06416

Phone (203) 635-5500

Fax (203) 635-3685

91illane 9*Iuiieries,%c.

April/May 1991 7

CAVICCHIO

GREENHOUSES
Wholesale Growers

ANNUALS
PERENNIALS
HARDY MUMS
GROUND COVER
KALE & CABBAGE

nOCodjer Lane

Sudbury, MA 01 776

(508)443-7177

FLOWERING HANGING BASKETS

FALL PANSIES

JUMBO ANNUALS

HOLIDAY PLANTS

CLASSIC PERENNIALS

HARDY FALL ANNUALS

,.^AP."^ Yo„ To a,^^^^^
B.E. SUPPLY

GREENHOUSE SUPPLIES & EQUIPMENT
Hemlock Rd. - Langdon

Mailing Address: P.O. Box O
Charlestown, New Hampshire 03603

•pre-filled flats & pots

•restricted pesticides

•fertilizers

•distributors for Plasti Form & Plasti Vac

•distributors for Hyde Park <Sl Sunshine Soils

•Kord products

•JMM greenhouse

603^835^6930

8 THE PlANTSMAN

New England's Leading Full Line Seed House

• Packet Seeds

• Lawn Seed

• Fertilizer

• Grounds Maintenance Chemicals

1 (800) 326-HART
FAST, COURTEOUS SERVICE

The Chas. C. Hart Seed Co.

RO. BOX 9169

WETHERSFIELD, CT 061 29-01 69

1 (800) 326-HART

>^0"<^d2^ "Our goal, quality
Our strength, our employees"

FOR A GREENHOUSE VEFJNITLV
VIFFERENT CONTACT:

ELLIS B.SPRAGUE

OROUO, MAIME

TEL: 207-866-4747
FAX: 207-866-4747

HfiRnOIS

J. B. CARPENTER & SON, INC.

Olde English Greenhouses

220 South Main Street — Newmarket, NH 03857 — (603) 659-3391

''The Geranium Specialists''

Wholesale Growers

2'/2" Geraniums (year-round) Lilies/Bulbs

4" prefinished Geraniums Azaleas

2'/. " Ivy Geraniums & Fuchsia Cyclamen

Martha Washington Geraniums Poinsettias

Spring Hanging Baskets Foliage
Hydrangeas

JOHN B. CARPENTER, President — ROBERT J. CARPENTER, General Manager

April /May 1991 9

ELSE WHEEl

Fungus Displays
Potential for White
Fly Control

Reprinted from Nursery Business
Grower, February 1991

A University of Florida scientist has
won a US patent for a fungus that
safely kills one of the world's most
damaging agricultural pests — the
sweet potato whitefly.

Dr. Lance S. Osborne, an entomolo-
gist at UF's Institute of Food and
Agricultural Sciences, has discovered
a fungus that kills the whitefly
quickly without harming the envi-
ronment. The whitefly feeds on more
that 500 plants worldwide and
transmits viruses and diseases that
cause more than 70 diseases.

The patented fungus, Paecilomyces
fumosoroseus, is found throughout
the world, but still must undergo ex-
tensive testing before it is available
as a conuiierdal product.

"It has potential, but it has a long way
to go," Osborne says. "There's a large
step between finding something and
being able to put it in a form that can
be utilized by a grower."

Osborne has signed over the rights to
the patent to the University of Flori-
da Research Foundation, which in
tern has entered into an agreement
with W.R. Grace & Co. to develop the
fungus for commercial use.

Company
Highlighted

Reprinted from GrowerTalks,
February 1991

Johnson International Floriculture,
Hudson, Massachusetts, and its Mex-
ican sister company, Invernaderos
Johnson de Mexico, were featured in
an article in the January 7 issue of
Forbes magazine. Forbes highlighted
the company as a leader and innova-
tor in establishing American-owned
production in Mexico.

10 THE PlANTSMAN

An Up-to-Date
Pesticide
Management Guide

Through the efforts of fi ve Ohio State
University faculty members, the Ohio
Florists' Association has developed a
64-page commercial floriculture pes-
ticide management guide titled Flo-
riculture Crops: Chemical Use Book-
let— AGuide for Insecticide, Miticide,
Fungicide, Growth Regulator, and
Herbicide Application.

The booklet contains — among other
things — current, easy -to-read chemi-
cal application charts for insects,
mites, diseases, growth regulators,
weeds and algae; procedures for pes-
ticide mixing and application; tips for
increasing pesticide efficiency, and
guidelines for integrated insect and
mite management programs.

The guide, which was circulated as
the January 1991, Ohio Florists' As-
sociation Bulletin, may be purchased
for $15 by OFA members and for $20
by non-members. This includes post-
age and handling.
For information:
OFA Services, Inc.
2130 Stella Court
Suite 200

Columbus, Ohio 43215-1033
telephone: (614) 487-1117

An International Tree
Planting Campaign

The American Association of Nurs-
erymen (AAN) has joined forces with
Rotary Club International, the US
Forest Service, the National Arbor
Day Foundation, state foresters, and
others in an ambitious program to
encourage tree planting throughout
the world. The Program, "Preserving
Planet Earth," will be launched with
tree plantingevents across the nation
held at noon (EST) on Friday, April
26, to coincide -with National Arbor
Day.

Tips on selecting quality trees, a list-
ing of state trees, and an illustrated
guide to proper tree planting were

provided by AAN for inclusion in the
program's information kit being sent
to Rotary Club presidents all over the
US.

Rotary International has more than
25,000 clubs and over one million
members worldwide. To participate
in local "Preserving Planet Earth"
activities, contact your local Rotary
International club president.

Solution Found to
Floral Foam Residues

Reprinted from Grov/erTa.\ks,
February 1991.

Research by John Sacalis and Domi-
nic Durkin, Department of Horticul-
ture, Rutgers University, shows that
floral foams used in floral designing
contain generally high salt and acid-
ity levels due to residues from the
manufacturing process. These resi-
dues reduce lower size and perfor-
mance. Rinsing foam blocks prior to
use can reduce the residue levels, and
the effects of high salt levels can be
partially offset by using floral preser-
vatives. Roses, Inc., Haslett, Michi-
gan, has adopted a set of guidelines
for arranging roses in floral foams
that alleviate the problem. Call (517)
339-9544.

Filtering System
Controls Growth

Reprinted from A'^ursery Business
Grower, February 1991

Clemson University horticulturists
and agricultural engineers are
studying the effects of copper sulfate
as aliquid filter system in greenhouse
roofs to see if they can produce short-
er, more marketable plants.

"Many producers have trouble keep-
ing such plants as chrysanthemums
and poinsettias compact and well-
branched," says John Kelly, a horti-
culturist on the project. The copper
sulphate filtering system apparently
helps.

The copper sulphate liquid is poured
into chambered acrylic panels on the

greenhouse roof, turning the mate-
rial blue. This changes the quality of
light that gets through to the plant by
eliminating specific wavelengths of
light.

"By filtering out far red light, which
is just before infrared on the color
spectrum, and permitting red light to
enter the greenhouse, we were able to
grow very short compact plants,"
saysKelly. "Chrysanthemumsgrown
under the copper sulphate were 40-
46% shorter and darker green than
plants grown under other filters or
natural sunlight."

All other plant varieties tested
showed similar trends, with particu-
larly favorable results in poinsettias.
Reduced heightanddeepercolor were
visible in less than a week of hght-
treated growth.

For more information:
John Kelly

Department of Horticulture
Clemson University
Clemson, SC 29634

(803)656-2603

New from Holland —
A Dianthus...

Reprinted from Greenhouse
Manager, February 199

A new lilac dianthus has been devel-
opedbyWest-Stekb.v.ofKweintsheul,
Nederland.

'Lilactop'is a hybrid with denticulate
petals that contrast sharply with
protruding light-colored stamens.
This new pot flower has a dense
growth habit and matures at 7 inches.
It is an 8-to 12-week a-op from the
cutting stage to a viable plant.

The flower gets its name from a 'lilac
top" that is evident when at least
three flowers have obtained color and
about 10 viable buds have formed.
"Lilactop' fiowers over a period of six
months; individual flowers bloom
for 3-4 weeks before shrinking and
fading.

For information:
West-Stekb.v.
Kwintsheul, Anjerstekken
Hooghe Beer 16-2295 MX
Nederland
telephone 01742-8341

...a Winter Mum

Reprinted from Greenhouse
Manager, February 1991

Anemone-flowering chrysanthe-
mums are known for their low pro-
duction during winter. But a new
white chrysanthemum variety is be-
ing touted as a heavy bloomer.

'Expo White' from Hilvo B.V. is an
anemone-shaped spray mum thatcan
be grownyear-round, but is especially
suited to winter production.
Flowers have a yellow-green center
and a diameter of 2 172 inches. Aver-
agestemlengthis35inches. Growing
time (without supplemental lighting)
is nine weeks.
For information:
Hilvo B.V.,
Boekhorsterweg 6a
Postbusl81,2210AD
Noordwijkerhout, Nederland

AAN and ALCA to
Cooperate in
Legislative Efforts

Reprinted from AAN Today,
February /March 1991

The American Association of Nurs-
erymen (AAN) and the Associated
Landscape Contractors of America
(ALCA) have signed an agreement
whereby AAN will provide legislative

consulting services to ALCA. The
agreement recognized "common in-
terests and objectives" between the
two organizations in the area of leg-
islative action.

The AAN/ALCA cooperative effort
will cover a range of legislative ser-
vices, with emphasis on monitoring
and reporting on bills in Congress
and participation in AAN's Legisla-
tive Leadership Conference, sched-
uled for September.

AAN and ALCA are currently explor-
ing other cooperative efforts in publi-
cation sales and other areas.

And the Beet Goes
On....

Reprinted from GrowerTalks,
February 1991

1991 has been selected the "Year of
Beet and Cosmos" by the National
Garden Bureau , Inc. , Downers Grove ,
Illinois. Food trends in the 1990's,
both in restaurants and at home, em-
phasize the use of natural i ngrediente
in food preparation, so gardeners
need encouragement on the ease and
benefit of growing vegetables from
seed, according to Nona Wolfram-
Koivula, NGB executive director.
Promotional materials are available.
Call (708) 963-0770. *»•

TIPS

From the Griffin Guru

Drinking Water Pollutants

No one intentionally sets out to contaminate their own well or foul a
drinking water supply, yet it happens. An article published in a Boston
newspaper reported the EPA has set limits for 27 drinking water
pollutants. They also revised standards for eleven other pollutants
because of updated information.

The article specifically mentions "widely used agricultural pesticides"
and "fertilizer runofi"," concluding vrith the direct quote "most of the
cancer cases are associated with pesticides."

I don't think I need a better reason to look for ways to tighten up my
operation. I probably would start by calculating the exact amount of
spray to be used to prevent the need to dispose of the unused mixture.
Then I'd make sure as much fertilizer as possible stays in the container
and doesn't overflow or leach out onto the bench or ground.

April/May 1991 11

GREENHOUSE PLANTS

CHRYSANTHEMUMS

NURSERY STOCK

POINSETTIAS

BULBS/LILIES

GERANIUMS

PERENNIALS

CYCLAMEN

SEEDLINGS

AZALEAS

PLUGS

SEEDS

D.A. POSOCCO

Greenhouse Plants - Nursery Stock

Joseph Giannino

14 Sigourney Street

Revere, MA 02151

617-286-6541 (Home)

Fax 617-286-6541

GREENHOUSE PLANTS

CHRYSANTHEMUMS

NURSERY STOCK

POINSETTIAS

BULBS/LILIES

GERANIUMS

PERENNIALS

CYCLAMEN

SEEDLINGS

AZALEAS

PLUGS

SEEDS

D.A. POSOCCO

Greenhouse Plants - Nursery Stock

Steve Calautti

PO. Box 2092

Middletown,CT 06457

203-346-7980

Fax 203-346-5235

WE
SUPPORT:

Fall'

for

MICHAUD

Nurseries & Greenhouses, Inc. %^^

Route 85 — PO Box J34 — Exeter. NH 03833
(603) 772-3698

Wholesale & Retail ISursery

Annuals, Perennials. Nursery Stock, Landscape Supplies

WHOLESALE
NURSERY

TREES • EVERGREENS • SHRUBS

150 acres of quality plants
Write for catalog
Member: MNA. NENA. AAN

Millers Falls Road, Turners Falls, MA 01376
Telephone 413- 863-2510

,tewart^

NURSERY, Inc.

WP^

CANTERBURY, NEW HAMPSHIRE 03224

EXIT18, 1-93, 1/2 MILE

TELEPHONE 1-800-642-1661

SOD FARMS & WHOLESALE NURSERY,

4f growers and DISTRIBUTORS:

• NURSERY STOCK

• GARDEN SUPPLIES

• CHRISTMAS TREES
•SOD

12 THE PlANTSIWAN

Rhododendron PJM

(H^;bridized in 1940)

m Rhododendron PJM (1940)'

m Rhododendron Henry's Red (1958)'

■ Rhododendron Shrimp Pink Hybrids (1958)'

■ Rhododendron Agio n964j*

■ Rhododendron Olga Mezitt (1 964)'

U Rhododendron Weston's Pink Diamond (1964)'

■ Rhododendron Molly Fordham (1966)'

■ Rhododendron Milestone CJ972J*

■ Rhododendron April Snow (1978)'

'A WESTON NURSERIES
INTRODUCTION'

A phrase which stands for the very best that fifty
years of horticultural innovation and testing can
produce. Weston Nurseries is proud to have
developed and introduced these outstanding
plants for the benefit of the American Nursery
industry.

Azalea Jane Abbott (i942r
Azalea Vykingf J 958j*
Azalea Pink and Sweei (1963)'
Azalea Parade f]963j*
Azalea Golden Showers (1963]*
Azalea Pink Clusters (J 972j*

•YEAR HYBRIDIZED

FOR THE FINEST "NEW ENGLAND-GROWN" PLANTS,
VISIT OUR WHOLESALE SALES YARD OR CALL AND ASK

FOR TOM WILHELM, DAVE WALKER OR TOM WILLIAMS.

WE LOOK FORWARD TO HELPING YOU.

Since 1923

Weston I^rseries

of Hopkinton

Growing New England's largest variety of landscape-size plants, shrubs, trees and perennials.

E Main St. (Rte. 135). P.O. Box 186, Hopkinton, MA 01748, Tel. (508) 435-341^
From Boston 235-3431, Toll free in MA, 1-800-322-2002 FAX 508-435-3274

Season long availability for perennials & groundcovers

VAN BERKUM NURSERY

VAJS
BERKUM!

x^nURSERY

\ I I

• wholesale nursery specializing in the landscape trade.
• Wide range of perennials and groundcovers
for sun or shade.

• Well established plants; season long availability.
• Pachysandra: 100/tray for $1 5.00.
Vinca: Special (in heavy quarts),
100 or over, $1.25

Peter & Leslie van Berkum, 4 James Road, Deerfield, NH 03037 (603) 463-7663

GRIFFIN

GREENHOUSE & NURSERY SUPPLIES

1 61 9 Main St, PO Box 36, Tewksbury, MA 01 876-0036

Phone 508-851-4346
Fax 508-851-0012

WE OFFER TWO SIZES: BOTH UNITS STOCKED FOR IMMEDIATE SHIPMENT |

SAFETY

BEGINS

HERE

No. 1947 Cabinet
Each shelf supports 500 II
45 Gal. Capacity
43-W, le-D. 6S-H

I OTHER SIZES AVAILJ\BLE

No. 4 Storage BIdg.
eu 6'4-W. ei'H ■ Outside Dimensions
4000 lb. - 32 sq ft Storage Capacity
100 Gal Sump Capacity

PROPER STORAGE FOR A SAFE WORKPLACE

Secure Your Chemicals • Provide Security
Reduce Exposure in Case of Fire

14 THE Plants MAN

The THREAT of LYME DISEASE
in NEW HAMPSHIRE

(any New Hampshire resi-
dents have heard a lot about Lyme
Disease recently. The disease is
caused by a bacterium which can be
transmitted by the bite of a certain
species of tick. This species, Ixodes
dammini, was first detected in New
Hampshire in 1985 and is becoming
more common. People who work out-
doors (like plant growers) should be
informed.

Symptoms of Lyme Disease frequent-
ly (not always) begin with a red zone
around the site of the bite. This usu-
ally appears within 20 days of being
bitten by an infected tick. It slowly
expands in size, and is often ring-like
and warm to the touch. The rash
fades and eventually disappears. Not
every victim shows this characteris-
tic rash. Other symptoms include
fatigue, fever, headaches, and stiff-
ness and pain in muscles and joints. If
left untreated, irregular heartbeat,
arthritis (esp. knees) and nervous
systems disorders can result. The
symptoms mimic many other dis-
eases, so physicians check blood tests
and symptoms when diagnosing pa-
tients.

Most human cases are contracted
ft-om encounters with the tiny
nymphs of this species. They are
about the size of a poppy seed, so
many victims are unaware that they
have been bitten. Data from southern
Maine suggests that a low percentage
of our ticks actually carry the bacte-
rium that causes the disease.

There has been almost no informa-
tion on the number or geographic
distribution of human Lyme Disease
cases in New Hampshire. Also, until
now there has been very little data
on the distribution of Ixodes dammi-
ni in the state. Lacking this infor-
mation, we have had two problems:
1. Many residents and visitors to low
risk areas of the state have been
needlessly worried. 2. Others, who

DR. AUN T. EATON

TICKS-
ENGORGED FEMALE ON RIGHT

live in higher risk spots, may have
been oblivious to the threat.

During the fall of 1990, 1 checked deer
and moose for this tick. Added to our
previous data, the studies gave
enough information to alleviate both
problems. As the map shows, the
"deer tick" is not evenly distributed
in New Hampshire. The highest
populations are in Strafford and
Rockingham counties. No doubt they
occur in other towns, in addition to
those noted. The tick also has been
found along the eastern edge of
Hillsborough, Merrimack, and Bel-
knap counties. In the West, ticks and
Lyme Disease cases in dogs tend to be
found in those towns that border
the Connecticut River. Elsewhere in
the state, the tick is scattered and
irregularly found.

There is little data from the northern
section of the state, but the discovery
of a tick on a moose in Berlin points
out the possibility that the tick may
occur where moose are abundant.
One caution should be mentioned.
Survey efforts have not been evenly
distributed across the state. Grafton
County, for example, has not been
adequately surveyed. We will have a
more accurate picture as time goes on .

Places which have all three of the
following characteristics are of
greatestconcern: 1. Southeastern NH
2. where deer are abundant, and 3. in
tall grass and/or thick brush. The
best way to avoid contracting Lyme
Disease is to stay out of such areas,
especially fromMay through October.
If you do visit such places, wear long
pants and tuck your pant cuffs into
your socks. A long sleeved shirt with
snug cuffs and collar, tucked in at the
waist completes the outfit. Yes, this
is recommended for both men and

women. The purpose of dressing this
way is to keep any ticks you encoun-
ter on the outside of your clothing,
where they maybe spottedor brushed
off. It helps if the clothing is light
colored, since the ticks are dark.
Applying an insect repellant to your
pantlegcan add more protection. At
the end of the day, a strip search will
reveal any ticks that got by your de-
fenses.

If you find a tick that you would like
identified, you can take it to either of
two places: 1. The state entomologist.
Health & Human Services Building,
Hazen Drive, Concord NH or 2. your
County office of UNH Cooperative
Extension. Ifyour sample is not im-
mediately recognized (some are
difficult) there may be a $3.00 fee for
identifications through UNH Coop-
erative Extension.

Lyme Disease is successfully treated
with antibiotics when caught in the
early stages. Treatment during the
later stages is less successful. Com-
pared with some parts of the
Northeast, the threat of Lyme Dis-
ease here is low. For more informa-
tion on ticks and Lyme Disease in
New Hampshire, contact UNH Coop-
erative Extension for the $.50
publication. Biology and Control of
TYcks in New Hampshire. ^*^

Acknowledgement: Most of the tick
data presented on the map are from A
T. Eaton. Additional data were pro-
vided by Drs. J. F. Burger, Clifford
McGinnis, and S. E. Thewke.

Alan Eaton is an Extension Special-
ist, Entomology, UNH Cooperative
Extension.

April/May 1991 15

The Africanized Honeybee in the United States

What

Does

Mean

for

Honeybees

New

Hampshire?

David Sorenson

Africanized honey bees
have expanded their range
northward and southward
since 1957. the rate at which
they spread is influenced
by many factors
including weather.

French Guiana

THE general public has a special
fear of stinging insects and a num-
ber of sensational news stories and
motion pictures about the African-
ized Honeybee (AHB), also known as
the Brazilian bee and the "killer
bee," have played on this fear. The
result has been a mixing of fact,
fiction, myth and misinformation
preventing a clearer understanding
of the issue. This bee has been
moving north in South America for
almost 30 years and just recently,
(October 1990) arrived in Hidalgo,
Texas.

In contrast to the AHB, the Euro-
pean honeybees have been delight-
ing humans with their honey for

more than 40 centuries. The Bible
refers to this sublime nectar as "the
heavenly food" and describes certain
lands as "flowing with milk and
honey."

White settlers were reported to
have brought the European honey-
bee to North America, where North
American Indians regarded it as a
creature of ill omen: "the white
man's fly." Today this "white man's
fly" is responsible for helping to
pollinate more than 90 difl"erent
cultivated crops with a combined
annual value of $30 billion. It is
easy to see why the honeybee is so
important to the nation's agricul-
tural economy.

16 THE Plants MAN

The Africanized honeybee (AHB) is
also a controversial topic among bee
researchers and beekeepers. How
far north into the United States the
bees will eventually spread is not
yet clear. Some experts believe that
the Africanized bees won't be able to
take cold winters, which will limit
their spread north. Others believe
the Africanized intruders will be
able to survive anywhere that
honeybees now live in North
America.

There are two primary concerns
about the intrusion of the AHB into
this country. European honeybees
that interbreed with them may
become harder to manage as
pollinators of crops and may not be
as efficient when it comes to honey
production.

One-third of the American diet is
directly or indirectly dependent on
crops that are pollinated by honey-
bees. They also produce about $150
million worth of honey a year.

In New Hampshire the honeybee's
value to pollination of crops (apples,
blueben-ies and vine crops mainly)
is estimated to be around $60 to $70
million. It is not exactly known how
many colonies of honeybees there
are in New Hampshire, but is
estimated there are as many as
4000+ colonies. This does not
include the 1200 to 1500 colonies
brought into the state by migratory
beekeepers.

So what does all this mean for
honeybees in New Hampshire? It
means beekeepers are going to be
required to manage their bees
better than they have ever done
before. They will need to become
educated as to how to split/divide
their colonies and raise their own
queens rather than purchase
packages for the southern states.
Samples of overly aggressive bees
will have to be sent to a lab for
identification.

The beekeepers will need to educate
the general public that, although
the AHB's are more easily provoked
to stinging than are the European
honeybees, they are not a maraud-
ing danger. The AHB will sting in
greater numbers and are likely to
follow an attacker farther, but

swarms are not out searching for
victims. Researchers say it's not so
much that they are more aggressive
as that they are more defensive.
Should you come across a swarm of
bees hanging from a tree, get out of
the area inmiediately and report
this swarm to the police, a local
beekeeper, or your local County
UNH Cooperative Extension Office.

There will probably be more sting-
ing incidents once Africanized
honeybees become fully established
in the United States, but the
chance of being fatally stung by
them remains less than the chance
of being killed by lightning.

We will continue to depend on
honeybees as the major force in
pollinating crops in New Hampshire
and we will have to learn to work
with the Africanized honey bee
until researchers find a solution —
perhaps the genetic engineering of
a superior bee. ■"»

David Sorenson, UNH Cooperative
Extension Educator — Agricultural
Resources and Extension Apicultur-
ist, is located in Carroll County,
NH. For further information, write
Dave at 34 Main Street, PO Box
367, Conway, NH 03818, or call him
at (603) 447-5922.

New Hampshire's Response

In the February/March issue ofThe Plantsman, Bob Childs wrote
about southern New England's concern about the Hemlock Wooly
Adelgid. It seemed sensible to ask Siegfried Thewke, New
Hampshire 'sState Entomologist, how New Hampshire viewed this
insect.

New Hampshire's response is serious — a quarantine has been
established against the adelgid. Quarantined areas include the
West Coast states and Alaska and Connecticut, Massachusetts,
Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland,
Delaware, and the Distinct of Columbia.

Commoditiescovered include hemlock seedlings, hemlock nursery
stock, hemlock logs with bark, and hemlock lumber with bark.

Seedlings and nursery stock coming into New Hampshire must be
accompanied by a declaration from officials in the state of origin
that the material is free from infestation.

Logs and lumber can only be shipped to pre-approved sites in New
Hampshire. If it is shipped to other sites, it must be accompanied
by a certificate from the state of origin stating where the material
was grown and that both this area and the material itself are free
from infestation.

There are occasional spot inspections of plant material at New
Hampshire nurseries and garden centers to see if these regulations
are being followed.

For further information, contact Siegfried Thewke, State Ento-
mologist, at (603) 271-2561.

April/May 1991 17

NEW-SKY
GREENHOUSES

Custom-Grown Specialty Crops For
Landscapers And Retail Greenhouses

WHOLESALE ONLY

GROWERS OF THE VERY BEST:

Perennials - Flowering Annuals
Vegetable Plants

WE DELIVER!

SHARON NEVVSKY
(603) 659-3288

DAME ROAD
DURHAM, NH 03824

WINDING BROOK TURF FARM, INC.

Quality Bluegrass Sod

Connecticut's Largest - est. 1959

Deliveries Made Daily throughout MA,

CT, Rl. Eastern NY, Southern NH and

100% of Deliveries made with Sod

Handler

Palletized Sod - 504 sq. ft.

Big Rolls - 200 or 250 sq. ft.

Bluegrass Blends

Penncross Bent Available

Maine Division

Farm Location: Intersection Rtes. Ill & 35

Kennebunk

Corporate Office: 240 Griswold Road 1/^ .

Wethersfield, CT 06109

(203) 529-6869

All Ordering: 800-243-0232

Jolly Farmer Products

East Lempster, New Hampshire 03605

WHOLESALE SUPPLIERS

Bark Mulch - Hemlock & Mix
Bagged Mulch - Cedar & Pine
Landscape Ties
Cut & Split Firewood

We are here to fulfill your needs....
Call Toll Free today!

■^

He^N Hampshire: 1-603-863-3311
New England: 1-800-537-0031

WHOLESALE GROWERS

• Annual & Perennial Plugs

• Rooted Cuttings

• Tuberous Begonias

• Bedding Plants

• Potted Annuals

• Hanging Baskets

• Cyclamen -

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• Poinsettias-

Cuttings, Prefinished, Finished

Nationwide: 1-800-695-8300
Local: 603-863-3370

'Integrity, quality and reliable service since 1967"

18 THE PlANTSMAN

REARS

SOLO

HYPRO

HANNAY

AGTECH

SPRAY GUNS

FORKLIFTS

MOWERS

SAFTEY EQUIPMENT

Orchard Equipment and Supply Company

RO. Box 540. Conway, MA 01341 (413) 369-4335

Manufacturing and Distributing Specialized Equipment for Agriculture

Call us at: 1 800 634 5557

to request our new catalog
and for all your spraying needs.

35 Portt^d St., East Rochester, NH 03867 • (603) 332-7388 • 332-0127 • 332-5?:^

B & B CONTAINER AND BARE ROOT GROWN: TREES - EVERGREENS ■ SHRUBS -
SMALL FRUITS - FRUIT TREES - ROSES • AZALEAS • RHODODENDRONS

ANNUALS • PERENNIALS • GERANIUMS • 10" FALL MUMS
NURSERY CARTS • TRACKING TRAILERS

CALL OR WRITE FDR CATALOG • DELIVERY SBWICE OR FARM PICK-UPS WELCOME • HARDY NH GROWN
PLAfTTMATmiAL

SPECIALIZING IN

Heath. . .Heather. . .Bearberiy.

Herbs... Seashore Plants...

also, afull line qfquality nursery stock

1028 Horseneck Road

Westport, MA 02790

508-636-5615

l^fKI

FOR QUALITY SOD AND SERVICE

TSiKmnSif

Route 3A

Litchfield. NH

427-7000

Hubbard Road

Berwicl<, ME

1-800-848-7550

• Big Rolls with Roll-out Service

• Convenient Farm Pick-up

• Prompt Delivery Service

April/May 1991 19

ird

ly No

rtl

leri

1-Grown Planting Stock

A Partial Listing

BARE-ROOT STOCK

CONTAINER-CROWN STOCK

six and

varleCY

Minimum order 4 (raw (2 of same varielvl

100-

250-

500

2-6

8 TRAYS

SPECIES

ACE

SIZE

249

499

&UP

SPECIES ACE SIZE TRAYS

PINES

&UP

PINES

Austrian Pine

2-1

S-10"

1.00

.70

.50

Austrian Pine P2 2-5" .55

.35

2-0

6-9"

.28

.20

Japanese Black Pine P2 S-6" .55

.35

Eastern White Pine

2-2
S-0

6-12"
6-9-

1.16
.28

.81
.20

.58

Mugho Pine Pumilio P2 1-3" .55

SPRUCES
Black Hills spruce P2 3-7" .55

.35
.35

Mugho Pine Pumilio

2-2

J-6"

1.20

.84

.60

Colorado Blue spruce P2 S-8" .55

.35

3-0

S-S"

.14

.24

.17

Norway Spruce P2 5-10" .55

.35

2-0

2-4"

.28

.20

.14

White Spruce P2 5-9" .55

.35

Red Pine

J-0

9-1S"

SPRUCES

6-12"

6-9"

.32

.22

.16

OTHER CONIFERS
Canadian Hemlock P2 4-8" .57

.37

2-2

1.20
.24

.84
.17

.60
.12

rnese container grown seedlings come In trays of 67 cavities eacn ana are sni

ped eltner In
rays mere is

containers In

Norway Spruce

2-2

9-15"

1.00

.70

.50

good condition, witnin 60 days, at tne expense of tne purcnaser

2-0

6-12"

.24

.17

.12

White Spruce

2-2

9-18"

1.16

.81

.58

^^m. ^^ m

2-0 6-9-

OTHER CONIFERS

.24

.17

.12

^Western

American Artx>rvitae

2-2
2-0

6-12"
4-8"

1.10
.24

.77

.55
.12

^KjkAINE f!^.M!?^<P'^<ES"^

2-2

6-12"

1.50

1.05

.75

European Larch

2-0

6-12"

.30

.21

.15

f^'^'^^im'

Japanese Larch

2-0

6-12 "

.30

.21

.15

ONE EVERGREEN DRIVE • P.O. BOX 250

All Mugfio Pines are top

pruned All seedlings are

oot pruned

FRYEBURG, MAINE 04037

NO PINES MAY BE SHIPPED INTO THE STATES OF CALIFOPNIA. MONTANA. UTAH
IDAHO AND THE PROVINCE OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

OREGON.

1-800-447-4745 • FAX 1-207-935-2043

NORTHERN NURSERIES

WHOLESALE HORTICULTURAL DISTRIBUTION CENTERS

U.S. Route 5 • White River Junction, VT 05001
16 Pinkham Road West • Barrington, NH 03825

SERVING THE PROFESSIONAL

WITH ABOVE GROUND PLANT MATERIAL

Distributors in the following lines:

• Lofts Seeds • Birchmeier Sprayers

• DeWitt Weed Barrier

• Corona Hand Tools

• Earthway Spreaders

Lebanon Turf Fertilizers

Mulch Si Grow Hydroseeding Fiber

Nursery & Landscape Supplies

Ck)ntact:

Jim Babb, Mgr. • White River Junction, VT • (802) 295-2117

Bruce Fuller, Mgr. • Barrington, NH • (603) 868-7172 ^ .^'

GOOD SERVICE • DEPENDABLE QUALITY • CONVENIENT LOCATION

)lies >

20 THE Plantsman

Ledgewood Farms

Seedlings are Important

Seedlings are central to Ledge-
wood Farm, a 40-acre greenhouse
and market garden operation run by
Ed and Sally Person in the foothills
of the Ossipee Range in Moultonboro,
New Hampshire.

In the back section of a 28x48 pipe
frame poly house are four 6x12
benches, each with wooden side walls
and hoop roof frame — four miniature
greenhouses. Their poly coverings
can be rolled up or down, depending
on the venting needed, and on top is a
wooden sliding vent — two 2x6's with
a slots cut in them, the top piece
sliding to allow its openings to cor-
respond with those in the piece below
it— somewhat like an old-fashioned
lime spreader.

Hot water heat comes from standard
baseboard fin-tubing installed un-
der each "greenhouse" and each of the
four has its own temperature control.
Temperatures range from 68 to 80
while the house enclosing them re-
mains around 60. A mi sting system is
being added. There are no artificial
lights — "they tend to make the seed-
lings stretch."

Seeds are sewn from the first of Feb-
ruarythroughmid-April.Each'house"
holds 36 trays. Plugs and trays are
sewn on a weekly basis — the houses
aren't necessarily refilled each week,
but "every Monday, something is
seeded."

"We're unusual at Ledgewood Farm,"
Ed Person said, "in that we use up
this much greenhouse space for our
seedlings. But we feel germination is
the most important part. If your
seedlings are poor, youll have a bad
crop."

The original farm was built to
house the crew building Castle in
the Clouds, just down the road. Five
hundred workers camped on the
edges of the fields. The front third of
the barn was originally two apart-
ments— probably for chief foremen
or managers. Now it is Ed and Sally's
home.

Ed's father's career was in education.
Growing plants was a hobby and Ed's
parents bought the farm in 1957 as a
place where he could pursue this in-
terest when he retired. But from the
first, the farming was serious — there
was poultry then, and vegetables.
Ed's mother ran the farm on a day-to-
day basis; his father worked evenings
and weekends. The money earned
was an important part of the family
income. Two glass houses were
boughtCin 1960 and 62) and moved up
from Massachusetts for bedding
plant production. They are still in
use. And Ed's parents still help out,
coming up from Florida each March
to their house across the road.

Ed followed hi s father's career path-
teaching high school science in
Plymouth, working the farm after
work. After four years of this, he saw
that the farm was growing and that
he couldn't do both well. The decision
was made to farm full-time. His first
task was to expand the summer sea-
son into late spring and early fall and,
still within this time frame, increase
production enough to bring in a rea-
sonableyearlyincome. Hesucceeded:
today, along with Ed and his parents,
his sister and brother-in-law are able
to work on the farm too.
Ledgewood Farm hits a very specific
market window — the summer Lakes
Region tourist trade. There are two

stands — one at the farm and one on
Moultonboro Neck, nine miles away.
The season is short and it's important
that by June first, these are stocked
with home-grown vegetables, bed-
ding plants, and flowers.

Eight new houses, ranging in size
from 14x48 to 28x96, have been built.
All are pipe frame poly houses. (Ed
experiments with different cover-
ings within the polyethylene lines,
but not anything else.) There are six
walk-in tunnel houses as well.
The houses are simple. The floors are
dirt; the benches, often wood and wire
frames set on concrete blocks. Be-
cause they are empty from October
until February, Ed sees no point in
building more expensive structures.

There is no specific potting area. The
pots, the seedlings, the mix (Fafard
#2) is brought to the house where the
plants will be grown; a portable table
is set up, and the potting is done
right there. Space is saved, as well as
carrying time. In one of the longer
(28x 96) houses, Ed converted a stan-
dard overhead monorail track into a
circular system that conveys a three-
shelf cart that can carry 24 trays to
any spot along the central aisle.
A house was built this year— a 28x60
double poly with a sand floor and —
for the first time— rolling benches.
("We'll increase our growing space by
25%.°) The end walls are 7/16 wafer
board painted white. Because the
house won't be used until mid-Feb-
ruary, the light loss isn't critical.
Each house is used for a specific
crop— or for crops that are compati-
ble.'This way," Ed says, "the cropcan

April/May 1991 21

o o

be grown in the exact conditions it
requires. You'll get a better crop —
one that people will want to buy."
This new house will be used for
growing 7000 4" geraniums — usually
seed geraniums: he doesn't have to
over- winter stock plants and doesn't
bri ng in any disease or
insect problems with
bought cuttings.
Five houses (28x48,
28x60, 28x96, and the
two glass 22x40's)
are used for bedding
plants. Along with the
geraniums, 500 hang-
ing baskets and 2500
trays (eight six-packs
per tray) of annuals
and vegetables are
grown. One of the
glass houses is filled
with 3000 4" pots of
impatiens and bego-
nias (mostly wax;
some tuberous). The
bedding plants are
standard — what his customers ex-
pect. They are ready on May first and
gone before Memorial Day.

Tomatoes grow in three poly and two
hoop houses (a total of about 10,080
square feet). Seedlings are planted in
staggered rows in raised beds in
which buried hot water pipes keep
the soil temperature at 70 degrees.
There are three plantings two weeks
apart — the first is around March fif-
teenth.

The plants are trellised from cross-
ties installed on the lowest purlin,
watered with trickle tubing, fed with
a proportioner. They grow quickly —
up to a foot a week; fruit grows in
clusters of 7-10. Each house is pick-
ed every third day; around 15,000
pounds is harvested each year. Ed
grows 'Jet Star' ("it's fool-proof),
and — less familiar to the home gar-
dener— a cherry called 'Presto,' and
standards like 'Vision,' 'Buffalo,' and
'Boa,' all specifically bred toward
higher temperature tolerance. There
are few insect problems; sometimes
he has to spray for grey mold, a fun-
gus that can spread to blossoms and
prevent fruit set.

The five unheated tunnels used for
early vegetable production are plant-
ed around May first. Ed takes up the

22 THE Plantsman

black plastic used for weed control
(he can reuse it for about five years),
rototills the soil, puts the plastic back
down, and plants his crop, often
through last year's holes. (After the
poly on the ends of the houses is
taken off for ventilation, air circula-

tion can be vigorous and Ed keeps
the plastic down with lines of string
kept taut along the ground surface.)

In another — 14x48 — tunnel house,
he grows cut flowers — snaps, zinni-
as, statice, bachelor's button, straw-
flower, calendula. Again, seedlings
are planted around May first. He
chooses simple plants that grow well
together and that are also fairly
bulky — "that will create a good bou-
quet without a hundred stems."
Each bouquet has ten stems and sells
for three dollars. Enough flowers are
cut in the tunnel house from mid-
June until the middle of July to
produce 600 bouquets. (By then,
field-grown flowers are being cut.)

There are twenty acres of land in
crop production and by June 15,
most of the activity moves into the
fields.

Although he tries new vegetable
varieties every year, he still grows
many of the older types. ("The older
hybrids are less fussy; ' Lady Bell ' —
thirty years old — is still the best
sweet pepper.") There are no gour-
met or "oddball" types. Along with
the usual early vegetables — greens,
lettuce, peas — planted in mid-April,
there are the tomatoes, squash, and

cucumbers grown in hoop houses.
There are strawberries in June and
beets, beans, carrots, and new pota-
toes are at the stands by July first.
The first corn is planted April 15
(the field is a six-acre south-facing
slope of gravel; the temperature is
moderated by Winni-
pesaukee) and ready
for sale by the fif-
teenth of July. And
the melons grown in
a hoop house are
ready by the twenti-
eth. Thirty percent of
Ed's sales are whole-
sale— he supplies
produce to the local
IGA and to one local
lestaurant. That is
all Everything else is
sold at the stands.

After mid-June 80%
of the fieldwork is
harvesting. ATVs —
easier and less ex-
pensi ve than trucks to
operate — pulling wagons haul in the
picked crop. And the use of ATVs
allows the side roads through the
fields to be narrower, which in turn
allows more space for crops.
Vegetables are picked daily — more
perishable ones in the morning, ones
that can be stored overnight without
losing their freshness in the after-
noon. They are immediately washed,
then delivered by truck. Retired peo-
ple manage the stands — they handle
customers well and enjoy the chance
to meet people.

Many of Ed's houses are built from
his own designs. His first structure
came about in 1987, when the rafters
of a newly purchased house were
bent by wind funnelled between two
other buildings. He looked over the
house and felt that, although the de-
sign seemed sensible, the pipe used
wasn't of heavy enough gauge (it
was designed by a southern compa-
ny) to withstand northern weather.

He repaired the house, putting cross-
pieces at the top and braces against
the purlins — and it's still in use, but
this didn't really solve the problem.
So he built his own, figuring things
out as he went along. It came out
pretty well. ..he built one for a

neighbor.. .then another.. .the busi-
ness grew. Last year, he sold green-
house frames to 200 customers from
Alabama to Colebrook and west to
Ohio.

The process has become standard-
ized. Three different diameters of
pipe in three gauges are used. Tem-
plates made of 90-degTee angle iron,
with markings for length, angle, and
distance between bolt holes, have
been set up.

Drilling the holes is a two-person
job — one person walks the pipe, the
other uses the drill. It's important
that the bolt holes are on the same
plane: however, round pipe self-cen-
ters in a 90-degree trough; the drill
will go through the exact center. The
template design includes holes
drilled at appropriate intervals at
the apex of the angle iron; after the
first hole is drilled in the pipe, the
pipe is slid down the template until
the hole is directly above the first
hole in the angle iron. A bolt is slid
through both holes and the next bolt
hole is accurately placed.

After the holes are drilled, the pipe
is taken to a bender, on which the
curves are made. The bender is a
hydraulic press operated by an elec-
tric motor and a piston. Curves are
made by moving the pipe through the
bender and pressing on the pipe at
designated points. Each pressing is
done with a single stroke. The arc of
the bender is set; the degree of the
curve on the pipe is controlled by the
number and closeness of pressings.
It's the last part of a smooth and
logical operation — it takes 20 man-
hours to complete a 28x96 frame.

Ed — often with his wife Sally— deli v-
ers 75% of the finished frames. The
first 25 miles are free; after that,
it's a dollar a loaded mile. Along with
delivery comes advice and informa-
tion. This type of greenhouse is often
sold to smaller growers — often people
just starting out — and, for Ed, the
personal service is important.

Just as each of the four miniature
"houses" used for germination has

its own temperature control and ven-
tilation, each greenhouse and field is
also a self-contained unit of a certain
temperature or soil type. Each is
used for the crops it grows best. The
three larger units of the Ledgewood
Farm operation — bedding plants,
vegetables, greenhouse construc-
tion— work well because the smaller
units operate smoothly. All are inter-
twined. Every detail — every seed-
ling— is important.

For northern New Hampshire,
where farmland is often marginal
and markets more limited, Ledge-
wood Farm seems to be an example
of how to use resources with ingenu-
ity, while retainingan understanding
of the community and respect for the
land. rS.P.J '*

For further information, contact Ed
Person at Ledgewood Farm, RFD 1;
Box 375, Moultonboro, NH 03254;
the telephone is (603) 476-8829.

SPIDER WEB
GARDENS

Established in 1938

Route 109 A
CenterTuftonboro,NH 03816

Quality-Grown Annuals,
Perennials and Nursery Stock

A few of our specialties include:

Lilacs, Canadian Hemlock, Peonies,

Daylilies, Hosta, Forced Bulbs,

and Partridge Berry Wreaths

Open Year-round
Daily 8 a.m.- 5 p.m.
(603)569-5056

roptmg
you.

A quality^ wholesale grower of shrubs,

trees, and evergreens in Chichester, N.H. Call for

our free catalog ||[ife iffll (603) 435-6660.

MILLICAN

NURSERIES, INC

April/May 1991 23

f^^

For twelve years. Pleasant
View Gardens has built a reputation
for quality, service and reliability. Our aops
are healthy and hearty because they're grown in
an optimum environment, and our newly expanded green
house area of 4 aaes enables us to provide greater
availability and more varieties. Contact us today about:

■ foliage aops

■ 4" annuals and paks

■ hanging baskets

■ plugs

■ cuttings

■ herbs

llecisant^eu)
Qcnrdens

New England s fastest growing wholesaler'

■ holiday aops

■ foliage for interior design

■ flowering plants

■ large foliage plants
and trees

■ all your planting needs

erry

nurseries inc.

ffCiU

Cherry Hill Street
:V West Newbury, Massachusetts 01985

We Welcome Your Visit!

WHOLESALE ONLY

Growers of Quality Hardy Plants
Trees - Shrubs - Evergreens
B&B and Container Grown

508-462-6688

A growing tradition since 1832

24 THE Plantsman

"Tanstaafl"

Carl Woodbury

"One thing not a surprise because Whoh and I pushed it through during time we still
amounted to something in government: a brass cannon on a pedestal in middle of Old Dome
and over it a flag fluttering in blower breeze — black field speckled with stars, bar sinister in

blood, a proud and jaunty brass cannon embroidered ouerall, and below it our motto:
TANSTAAFL! That's where we hold our Fourth-of- July celebrations.

You get only what you pay for — Prof knew and paid, gaily.

But Prof underrated yammerheads. They never adopted any of his ideas. Seems to be a

deep instinct in human beings for making everything compulsory that isn 't forbidden...."

Robert Heinlein

The Moon is a Harsh Mistress

THE abovemottofroniRobertHein-
lein's The Moon is a Harsh Mistress
is as applicable to members of the
New Hampshire Plant Growers' As-
sociation as it is to the movement to
free Luna City. "There ain't no such
thing as a free lunch!" The tightening
of environmental regulations in the
state has lead to an increase in illegal
disposal activities with enterprising
entrepreneurs taking advantage of
the general public and their lack of
knowledge regarding the do's and
don'ts of solid waste. As explained
below, you should be suspicious of
any unsolicited offers of free "good,
clean fiiri

1. Petroleum contaminated soils.

The leaky underground storage tank
program (LUST) in the state re-
quires the replacement of tanks
which leak petroleum products to
the environment. The replacement
of these tanks generates soil con-
taminated with oil and gasoline. Do

not accept any fill materials from a
service station or any fill that has a
petroleum odor. The use of these soils
as fill is prohibited.

2. Cement and brick. These may be
good solid fill, but current statutes
and rules regulate these materials
as solid waste. A landfill permit is
required for their disposal. Upcoming
changes in the rules may soften the
regulatory requirements in the fu-
ture, but until then, do not accept or
use these materials as fill.

3. Demolition debris. This type of
material, all the waste generated
from the demolition of buildings and
other structures, may only be dis-
posed of at a permitted landfill . If you
take it in, you will be held responsible
fori ts removal. Donotbelieveassuran-
ces to the contrary!

4. Stumps. Changes in the law dur-
ing 1989 allow you to burv' stumps
generated on-site without a stump
dump permit. However, you may not

accept loads of stumps from off-site
for use as fill. This activity would
classify you as a commercial stump
dump. Do not listen to "friendly con-
tractors who wish to do you a favor!
5. Leaves, clippings and yard
waste. Again, changes in the law
during 1989 deregulate the disposal
of these materials substantially. The
composting of this waste does not re-
quire a pemait but landfilling does.
Do not accept these materials as fill.

Additional information and fact
sheets on all these waste streams may
be obtained by contacting the DES's
Public Information and Permitting
Office at 271-3306. What you don't
know can hurt you, so it would be-
hoove you to ask questions. '■»

Carl Woodbury is a Waste Manage-
ment Specialist in the NH Department
of Environmental Services.

71 Burlington, Street, Wobum, MA 01801

(617) 933-9815
Woburn, MA

^;;j^C foliage ■ holidays ■ hanging plants -
bedding plants • hardy mums

WHOLESALE ■ RETAIL

KATHAN GARDENS

GREENHOUSES i GARDEN CENTER

NEWPORT. NEW HAMPSHIRE

TELEPHONE 603-S63-10S9

OPEN ALL YEAR AROUND

Oliver, A nne A Dennis Kalhan

April/May 1991 25

Business Entities

Advantages and Disadvantages

Elizabeth L. Bayne

Every business owner should periodically review his or
her business and evaluate its legal and tax structure to be
certain it is appropriate for their unique business. The
considerations are many and may require professional
advice from an attorney and ac-
countant.

Proprietorship

The proprietorship is the most
common form of business a-
mong farm operators. It is not a
separate legal entity from the
owner/operator. A proprietor-
ship has one owner who reports
profits and losses on a farm or
business schedule on their per-
sonal tax return. Income tax is
paid on the net profit of the
business whether or not the
profits are withdrawn. No pay-
roll taxes are paid on the own-
er's draw. Bookkeeping for a
proprietorship is less complex
than for a partnership or corpo-
ration. The proprietorship is the
form of choice for the small-to-
mid-size business.

Partnership

A partnership is a relationship
existing between two or more
persons who join together to op-
erate a trade or business with
the intention of sharing profits
and losses. A partnership does
not have to be a written agree-
ment, but it is highly recom-
mended. The partnership is a
separate legal entity that files
its own tax return, but pays no
tax. All profits and losses are
allocated to the partners based
on the partnership agreement.
Each partner pays tax on their
share of the partnership profits
whether they were drawn out
for personal use or left in the
partnership for business use.

The partnership form of business is an excellent means
for combining capital and management of individuals
into a fairly simple business form. It is also an excellent
way {jo bring the next generation into a farm business.

The partnership form of busi-
ness can have both general
partners and limited partners.
This can be useful if a partner-
ship includes partners who,
for instance, contribute capital
but are not involved in the man-
agement or operation of the
business.

Sawtelle's Tips

Keep your customers coming back! Offer
an incentive to keep them coming to you.
A small business card can inexpensively

be printed that is stamped or marked
each time a purchase of, for example, ten
dollars or more is made. When tlte card is
full it is redeemable for ten dollars worth
of merchandise. (Remember your cost is
less than this!) You can set a time limit
that is card is good for. I designed one of
these cards for a pick-your-own straw-
berry farm titled "Bloomin'
Strawberries." The card had twelve
strawberry blossoms on the front with the
directions on the back. (Of course the
farm logo, address, and phone number
were there too!) Each time a $10.-or-more

purchase was made, one blossom was

stamped with a strawberry. The card had

to be redeemed within one year of the

date of issue. Certain items can be

excluded if you wish. Why not make one

of your own? Customers love them!

It's time to think about...yes...CUSTOMER

SERVICE. You hear a lot about it lately.

It ileserves attention. Consumers consider

service, or lack of it to be one of the four

most important influences in selecting a

business from which to buy. Consider a

training session on customer service for

your employees.

Remember the tool of multiple pricing
this spring! It works! $2.99 each or 3 for
$7.99. Volume is the name of the game.
Offer discounts on six-packs for those
who buy fifteen or twenty. Don't underes-
timate quantities people will buy.

The legal and accounting re-
quirements of a partnership are

greater than than those of a proprietorship's, but less
than a corporation's. In general, a partnership is simple to
form and liquidate and usually doesn't result in serious
tax consequences compared wdth a corporation.

26 THE Plantsman

Partnership can be set up in the
Partnership Agreement to ter-
minate upon death of a partner
or to continue after death in
the case of a partnership with
more than two partners. A two-
partnerpartnershipterminates
upon death of a partner.

Corporation

Some businesses are logical
candidates to operate in the
corpoi^ate form because of po-
tential liability issues. These
might include trucking opera-
tionsor food service businesses.

Corporations are good vehicles
for ease of transfer of owner-
ship interests. This is typically
done through sale or gifting of
corporate stock. Shares of stock
as units of ownership provide a
good way to transfer a business
to the next generation in an
organized manner. The sale of
stock in a corporation will al-
ways result in capital gain
income, which is a significant
advantage as it can be sold on
the installment method. If the
business were a proprietorship
or partnership, depreciable as-
sets could not be reported as an
installment sale.

The corporate form can also be a
tax benefit to a profitable business. The tax rates on
income up to $75,000 are the same or lower than the
personal tax rates. Also social security tax is due on only
wages paid by the corporation and not on all profits of the

business as in a proprietorship or partnership business.
A corporation can also provide certain fringe benefits
to owner/employees tax-free to the employee and deduc-
tible to the corporation.

For tax reporting purposes, there are two types of corpo-
rations: S Corporations and C Corporations. While both
are separate legal entities, there are significant differ-
ences in their tax treatments. An S Corporation is gener-
ally not a tax-paying entity, but allocates profits and
losses to its shareholders much like a partnership. This
can be an advantage to the shareholders, as they can use
losses to offset non-farm income. It also can result in
less total tax by splitting income among family members
who are stockholders.

Corporations have some significant costs and complexi-
ties of operating that should be evaluated carefully be-
fore choosing the corporate form. A corporation, being a
separate entity, must keep separate books that are more
complex and difficult to live with than those of a propri-
etorship or partnership. A corporation can result in
significantly more cost in payroll taxes on shareholder
employees. For instance, owners' wages could be subject
to unemployment tax and workmen's compensation.

The potential tax costs of liquidating a corporation can
be much worse than those of a proprietorship or partner-
ship as there is often double taxation upon termination.

Legal and accounting costs of forming, operating, and
terminating a corporation are significant and should be
considered when the corporate form of business is chosen.

The corporation, once formed, takes on a life of its own,
continuing until terminated. The corporation does not
terminate upon death of the shareholders. This can be an
advantage in certain situations to ensure continuation of
operation of the business.

Whatever form — sole proprietorship, partnership or cor-
poration— you choose, it is important to research the
options carefully to make the best decision for your
unique business, f*

Elizabeth L. Bayne is a Farm Tax Specialist and
Manager, Financially Related Services at Farm Credit
of the Connecticut Valley, ACA, PO Box 1009, White
River Junction, VT 05001. This farm credit office
services Grafton, Sullivan, and Cheshire counties in
New Hampshire. For further information, call Elizabeth
at (802)295-9127,

Tina Sawtelle, principal ofSawtelle Marketing AlssocI-
ates, consults with agricultural direct retail businesses
on marketing and merchandising. In addition, she
teaches agricultural business management techniques to
students at the Thompson School at UNH. For informa-
tion, call (603) 659-8106.

Newton Greenhouse

32 Amesbury Road, Newton, NH 03858
603-382-5289

Quality Plants
green and flowering

(■rom2 1/2" to 10" poLs

Holiday, bedding plants, and dish gardens

year round snap, pot mums.

Gloxinias, and Airican violets

Licensed propagator
of New Guinea Impatienls

DRAGON

PRODUCTS COMPANY

AGRICULTURAL LIMESTONE
"The science of sweeter soil"

PO. Box 191, Thomaston, Maine 04061

(800) 541-9127

April/May 1991 27

Let

: fi

Rough Brothers'

expertise
turn your

\ [ARCHAAQM \

: IRRIGATION / SNOWMAKING

greenhouse into

i i-^ i

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-— for profits.

in
Manchester, NH

Call the experts at Rough Brothers

: Providing all your Irrigation needs.

for mformatm and technical

i Design services also available. i

assistance on these quality products.

Manufacturers of:

•WfiiteHouse

■The International

• Harvest House

: 180 Zachary Rd. . •

■ The "2 1 00" gutter-connected fiouse

: Unit #3 .>.■•. \ i

■ Free-standing poly arch houses

: Manchester, NH 03101 ■ ■ '■ ■yi<:(C2^J27 :

■ Techlite glazing

i (603)622-8825 '^^^"^^"X^ •

• Ro-Flo benches
■Ebbs Flo benches
Distributors of:

: 1-800-558-9888 in NH only <fi]C},7:>.. \

\ -^v^l/W

■ Alcoa Aluminum Fin Heating

• Heating and ventilating equipment

• Maintenance supplies, glass, parts

... and more.

BrXLER

Regional Sales Manager

Agricultural Insurance Specialists Since 1967

Mike Foley -P.O. Box 355

5Q8.36G-1512 . ^.sr.a.ou^^^ 508-898-3230

Reading, MA 01 867 -61 7/942-1 246

^^o-reo--- - -"- - --r. -.^^.

nmn

Name

ROUGH

Address

BROTHERS

1 i

Phone Zip
Interested In:

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28 THE Plantsman

Supplying
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Roundup, Surflan, Treflan, Balan & Team

Distributors of: Permaloc aluminum edging. Edge King Poly edging

Lebanon fertilizer. Blunks weed mat. Elanco chemical and other

professional specialty products

i^|p> Northeast Nursery, Inc.

^^S^W^"^ Suppling Fine Plant Material & Landscape Supplies

234 Newbury Street, Rt. 1 South

Peabody, MA 01960

(508)535-6550 FAX: (508)535-5247

The

THREAT
LYME DISEASE

NEW HAMPSHIRE

see page 15

INDICATORS OF LYME DISEASE

deer tick(s) found

▲
lyme disease in dog

■
lyme disease In cattle

New Hampshire Plant Growers Association
The Plantsman Editor
UNH Research Greenhouses
Durham, NH 03824

Non-Phofit
Organization

US PCXSTAGE

PAID
PERMIT NO. 43

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