Seed germination and purity analysis

«g» .» » i» ■& '8 '» *

Please

handle this volume

with care.

The University of Connecticut
Libraries, Storrs

153 Dim373D D

GAYLORD RG

Seed Germination
and Purity
Analysis 1989

BY SHARON M. DOUGLAS

During 1989, official samples of 362 vegetable and 17 lawn grass seed were
collected by inspectors from the Marketing Division of the Connecticut Department
of Agriculture for testing. As the official state seed-testing laboratory, The
Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station performed germination and purity
analyses for compliance with the Connecticut Seed Law Regulations and the
Federal Seed Act.

Table 1 shows the results of germination tests for individual vegetable seed
samples from 14 companies. Results are presented by plant type, variety,
germination claim, germination found, and compliance with the standards of
germination for Connecticut. These standards are set by the Federal Seed Act.
The categories for label compliance are: 1) seeds meet label claims for germination
within allowable tolerances and 2) seeds do not meet label claims for germination.
All tests were replicated twice. If a seed lot failed label claims it was retested. In
addition to germination percentages, seedlings from these seeds must also appear
"normal", i.e., they have to be free from decay, have well-developed primary root
systems, have well-developed and intact hypocotyls and/or epicotyls, and have
healthy cotyledons. Of the 362 vegetable seeds that were tested, five did not meet
their claims for germination. In addition to germination testing, seeds were
examined for prohibited noxious weed seeds. No vegetable samples contained weed
contaminants.

The total number of germination claims and the percentage of claims in each
category for compliance are summarized for each vegetable seed company in
Table 2. Table 3 summarizes the average percent germination claim, found, and the
standard set by the Federal Seed Act for each type of vegetable.

Table 4 shows the results of purity and germination tests for individual lawn grass
seed samples from six companies. These are presented by company, brand name
and/or seed type or variety mixture. The categories for both purity and germination
are as previously described for the vegetable seeds. Lawn seed samples that were
labelled with several varieties within a species or with several species within a genus
were separated by genus. Purity results are therefore reported as the sum for that
genus. For example, Hart's seed mixture "Evergreen Lawn Seed" has a label claim
of 29.49% Annual Rye and 24.56% Crown Perennial Rye for purity. Table 4 reports
our findings of 57.19% purity. As long as this sum is equal to or exceeds the sum of
the individual components, it meets label claims. Of the 17 lawn samples tested, all
met claims for seed purity. Only one sample did not meet its claim for germination.

In addition to germination and purity tests, label claims for the percentages of
inert matter, crop seed (other than lawn grass seed), weed seed, and the presence of
noxious weeds were also evaluated. All samples met label claims for these criteria.

Analyses were performed by Drs. Gerald S. Walton and Sharon M. Douglas, and
Mary Inman and Karen Century. Samples were collected by John Chapman and
Raymond Weller under the direction of Alton Van Dyke, seed control official. The
Seed Law is administered by the seed control official for the Commissioner of the
Department of Agriculture.

Sharon M. Douglas

Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds.

Plant

Variety

Basil

Basilcone

Bean

Blackeye pea

Bean

Bush

Bean

Cherokee Wax

Bean

Cherokee Wax

Bean

Fordhook 242

Bean

Garden Gator Green 15

Bean

Jumbo

Bean

Kentucky Wonder

Bean

King of the Garden

Bean

Navy Pea

Bean

Pencil Pod Black Wax

Bean

Roma

Bean

Royal Burgundy

Bean

Slenderette

Bean

Tendergreen

Bean

Tendergreen

Bean, bush

Blue Lake 274

Bean, bush

Fava

Bean, field

Yellow Eye

Bean, lima

Fordhook

Bean, pole

Scarlet Runner

Bean, pole

Scarlet Runner

Beet

Cylindra

Beet

Detroit Dark Red

Beet

Detroit Dark Red

Beet

Detroit Dark Red

Beet

Detroit Dark Red

Beet

Detroit Dark Red

Beet

Detroit Dark Red

Beet

Detroit Dark Red

Beet

Detroit Red

Beet

Early Wonder

Beet

Early Wonder

Beet

Early Wonder

Beet

Early Wonder

Beet

Red Ace

Beet

Red Ball

Beet

Ruby Queen

Bok choy

Broccoli

Calabrese

Broccoli

Calabrese

Broccoli

DeCiccio

Broccoli

Green Sprouting

Broccoli

Green Sprouting

Broccoli

Spartan Early

Seed Company

Green Valley Seed

Comstock-Ferry

Crosman

Crosman

New England Seed Co.

Comstock-Ferry

Ferry Morse

Comstock-Ferry

Page

Comstock-Ferry

Comstock-Ferry

Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Comstock-Ferry

Page Seed Co.

Page

Crosman

Hart
Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Page Seed Co.

Comstock-Ferry
Hart

New England Seed Co.

Agway

Bentley

Burpee

Crosman

Excel

Hart

Ferry Morse

New England Seed Co.

Agway

Green Valley Seed

Hart

Page Seed Co.

New England Seed Co.

Burpee

Comstock-Ferry

Comstock-Ferry

Excel

Hart

Hart

Bentley

Page Seed Co.

Agway

Germination

claim

found *

75

99

90

99

75

92

75

98

75

98

70

65

75

93

85

91

75

100

88

93

75

70

90

99

89

98

90

89

75

93

75

96

75

99

82

98

85

*52

75

98

70

64

90

99

90

98

65

100

65

94

65

93

65

99

65

85

65

90

86

97

65

83

65

94

65

99

65

92

81

97

65

89

65

100

65

91

72

68

90

99

75

90

86

90

88

90

75

89

75

99

75

96

Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued).

Plant

Variety

Broccoli

Waltham 29

Broccoli

Waltham 29

Brussel sprout

Catskill

Brussel sprout

Jade Cross

Brussel sprout

Long Island Improved

Cabbage

Copenhagen Market

Cabbage

Danish Ball Head

Cabbage

Danish Ball Head

Cabbage

Danish Round Head

Cabbage

Earliana

Cabbage

Early Jersey

Cabbage

Early Jersey Wakefield

Cabbage

Golden Acre

Cabbage

Late Flat Dutch

Cabbage

Late Flat Dutch

Cabbage

Mammoth Red Rock

Cabbage

Penn State Ball Head

Cabbage

Red Acre

Cabbage

Red Acre

Cabbage

Stonehead

Cabbage

Wisconsin Golden Acre

Carrot

Coreless Nantes

Carrot

Danvers Half Long

Carrot

Danvers Half Long

Carrot

Imperator #58

Carrot

Imperator #58

Carrot

Imperator Long

Carrot

Nantes Half Long

Carrot

Nantes Improved

Carrot

Nantes Long

Carrot

Nantes Scarlet

Carrot

Orbit

Carrot

Red Cored Chantenay

Carrot

Royal Chantenay

Carrot

Royal Chantenay

Carrot

Short'n Sweet

Carrot

Small Round

Cauliflower

Early Purple Head

Cauliflower

Early Snowball

Cauliflower

Early Snowball

Cauliflower

Early Snowball A

Cauliflower

Snow Crown

Cauliflower

Snow King

Celery

Golden self-blanching

Celery

Tall Utah 52-70R

Chicory Catogna

Chinese cabbage Michili

Seed Company

Agway
Comstock-Ferry

Agway

New England Seed Co.

Hart

Bentley

Hart

New England Seed Co.

Comstock-Ferry

Burpee

Page Seed Co.

Crosman

Green Valley Seed

Bentley

Hart

J. B. Rice

Comstock-Ferry

Agway

Hart

New England Seed Co.

Agway

Crosman

Bentley

Burpee

Crosman

Ferry Morse

New England Seed Co.

Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Agway

Excel

Comstock-Ferry

J. B. Rice

Agway

Hart

Burpee

Weeks

Hart

Green Valley Seed

Hart

Crosman

Agway

New England Seed Co.

Agway
Burpee

New England Seed Co.

New England Seed Co.

Bulletin 877

Germination

claim

found *

75

70

90

98

70

83

70

82

80

92

75

98

90

98

75

99

90

99

75

97

75

77

75

95

75

98

75

97

80

96

75

76

87

93

75

90

85

94

75

100

75

87

55

85

55

96

55

82

55

95

55

88

55

58

80

82

74

85

55

86

55

77

88

84

55

86

55

74

63

84

55

93

55

76

86

96

75

96

90

93

75

98

75

87

75

94

55

80

55

74

65

84

75

100

Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued).

Plant

Variety

Chinese greens Pak choi

Collards

Georgia

Collards

Vates

Corn

Biqueen

Corn

Butter and Sugar

Corn

Butter and Sugar

Corn

Calypso

Corn

Country Gentleman

Corn

Golden Bantam

Corn

Golden Bantam

Corn

Golden Bantam 12 Row

Corn

Golden Cross Bantam

Corn

Golden Cross Bantam

Corn

Iochief

Corn

Kandy Korn

Corn

Ornamental

Corn

Seneca Chief

Corn

Seneca Chief

Corn

Silver Queen

Corn

Silver Queen

Corn

Silver Queen

Corn

Sugar and Gold

Cowpea

California Blackeye

Cucumber

Boston Pickling

Cucumber

Burpless

Cucumber

Burpless

Cucumber

Burpless True Lemon

Cucumber

Early Russian

Cucumber

Improved Long Green

Cucumber

Marketer

Cucumber

Marketmore

Cucumber

Marketmore 76

Cucumber

National Pickling

Cucumber

Picarow

Cucumber

Pioneer

Cucumber

Poincett 76

Cucumber

Scabmosaic Res. 58

Cucumber

Slicemaster

Cucumber

Spacemaster

Cucumber

Straight Eight

Cucumber

Straight Eight

Cucumber

Straight Eight

Cucumber

Sumter

Cucumber

Table Green 72

Cucumber

Table Green 77

Cucumber

Wisconsin SMR 18

Seed Company

Agway

Burpee
Comstock-Ferry

Comstock-Ferry

Comstock-Ferry

Page

Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Comstock-Ferry

Crosman

Hart

Bentley

Crosman

Comstock-Ferry

Page

Hart

Crosman

Hart

Comstock-Ferry

Crosman

Page

Hart

Hart

New England Seed Co.

New England Seed Co.

Weeks

Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Hart

Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Crosman

J. B. Rice

Agway

New England Seed Co.

Ferry Morse

Crosman

Comstock-Ferry

Agway

Burpee

Green Valley Seed

New England Seed Co.

Ferry Morse

Agway

Page Seed Co.

Agway

Germination

claim

found *

75

100

80

96

84

98

80

97

90

100

75

98

90

99

84

93

82

90

75

99

89

92

75

98

75

99

86

97

75

98

75

93

75

100

90

98

88

93

75

99

75

97

86

96

88

100

80

98

80

100

80

100

90

99

90

99

82

90

90

99

90

99

80

99

80

100

80

94

80

94

80

100

80

98

90

100

80

94

80

99

80

100

80

99

80

99

80

94

80

90

80

98

Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued).

Plant

Variety

Eggplant

Black Beauty

Eggplant

Black Beauty

Eggplant

Black Beauty

Eggplant

Dusky

Eggplant

Early Long Purple

Eggplant

Early Long Purple

Eggplant

Superhybrid

Endive

Full Heart Batavian

Endive

Green Curled

Endive

Green Curled

Endive

Salad King

Kale

Blue Scotch

Kale

Blue Scotch Curled

Kale

Vates

Kale

Vates

Kohlrabi

Early White Vienna

Kohlrabi

White Vienna

Kohlrabi

White Vienna

Leek

American Broad Flag

Leek

American Flag

Leek

Carina

Leek

Musselburgh

Lettuce

Bibb

Lettuce

Bibb

Lettuce

Big Boston

Lettuce

Big Boston

Lettuce

Black Seeded Simpson

Lettuce

Black Seeded Simpson

Lettuce

Black Seeded Simpson

Lettuce

Black Seeded Simpson

Lettuce

Black Seeded Simpson

Lettuce

Buttercrunch

Lettuce

Buttercrunch

Lettuce

Great Lakes

Lettuce

Iceberg

Lettuce

Iceburg

Lettuce

Iceburg

Lettuce

Ithaca

Lettuce

Romaine

Lettuce

Romaine

Lettuce

Romaine

Lettuce

Salad Bowl

Lettuce

Salad Bowl

Lettuce

Salad Bowl

Lettuce

Salad Bowl

Lettuce

Simpson's Curled

Seed Company

Bentley

Ferry Morse

Page Seed Co.

New England Seed Co.

Comstock-Ferry

Comstock-Ferry

Agway

New England Seed Co.

Burpee

Crosman

Comstock-Ferry

Agway

Hart

Comstock-Ferry

New England Seed Co.

Burpee
Agway
J. B. Rice

New England Seed Co.

Hart

Agway

Thompson & Morgan

Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Hart

New England Seed Co.

Agway

Burpee

Green Valley Seed

J. B. Rice

New England Seed Co.

Comstock-Ferry

Hart

Green Valley Seed

Crosman

Hart

Page Seed Co.

Agway

Crosman

Hart

New England Seed Co.

Agway

Comstock-Ferry

Excel

New England Seed Co.

Bentley

Bulletin 877

Germination

claim

found *

60

88

60

94

60

93

60

84

90

97

90

94

60

97

70

*49

70

92

70

87

81

86

75

99

80

99

90

99

75

99

75

98

75

92

75

85

60

91

87

91

60

85

60

86

90

97

90

98

90

98

80

91

80

97

80

99

80

100

80

100

80

97

90

98

90

97

80

100

80

97

87

84

80

95

80

95

80

98

82

79

80

100

80

93

90

96

80

77

80

95

80

97

Seed Germination and Purity Analysis- 1989

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued).

Plant Variety Seed Company

Crosman
Bentley

Lima Bean

Henderson

Lima Bean

Henderson's Bush

Melon

Honeyshaw

Muskmelon

Classic

Muskmelon

Delicious

Muskmelon

Delicious 51

Muskmelon

Delicious 51

Muskmelon

Iriquois

Mustard

Florida Broadgreens

Mustard

Fordhook Fancy

Mustard

Southern Curled

Okra

Burgundy

Okra

Clemson Spineless

Okra

Clemson Spineless

Okra

Clemson Spineless

Okra

Dwarf Long Pod Green

Okra

Dwarf Stalk Long Green

Onion

Downing Yellow Globe

Onion

Early Yellow Globe

Onion

Green Scallion

Onion

Hardy White Bunching

Onion

Long White Bunching

Onion

Red Globe

Onion

Southport Red Globe

Onion

Sweet Spanish

Onion

Sweet Spanish

Onion

Sweet Spanish

Onion

Utah Sweet Spanish

Onion

Utah Sweet Spanish

Onion

White Bunching

Onion

White Bunching

Onion

White Bunching

Onion

White Bunching

Onion

White Lisbon

Onion

White Sweet Spanish

Onion

Yellow Spanish

Onion

Yellow Sweet Spanish

Parsley

Moss Curled

Parsley

Moss Curled

Parsley

Plain Leaf

Parsley

Plain Leaf

Parsnip

All American

Parsnip

All American

Parsnip

Hollow Crown

Parsnip

Hollow Crown

Agway

Agway

Comstock-Ferry

Agway

Hart

Hart

Comstock-Ferry

Burpee

Page Seed Co.

Comstock-Ferry

Agway

Burpee

Page Seed Co.

Crosman

Hart

Crosman

Hart

Green Valley Seed

New England Seed Co.

Agway

Crosman

Agway

Agway

Excel

Ferry Morse

Burpee

New England Seed Co.

Bentley

Bentley

Comstock-Ferry

J. B. Rice

Excel

Hart

Page Seed Co.

Bentley

Agway

Comstock-Ferry

Agway

Hart

Comstock-Ferry
New England Seed Co.
Burpee
J. B. Rice

Germination

claim

found

70

91

70

97

75

98

75

90

90

94

75

95

76

95

80

87

90

98

75

98

75

100

71

' 83

50

60

50

89

50

97

50

87

80

72

70

97

77

96

70

96

70

74

70

96

70

86

70

93

70

79

70

94

70

81

70

87

70

*48

70

84

70

84

90

97

70

96

70

92

80

94

70

95

70

95

60

82

70

69

60

64

78

81

85

76

60

81

60

90

60

74

Connecticut

Agricultural Experiment Station

Bulletin 877

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds i

(continued).

Germination

Plant

Variety

Seed Company

claim

found *

Pea

Dwarf White Sugar

Page Seed Co.

80

100

Pea

Frosty

Hart

90

98

Pea

Greenarrow

Comstock-Ferry

88

96

Pea

Laxton's Progress

Bentley

80

100

Pea

Laxton's Progress

Page

80

99

Pea

Little Marble

Comstock-Ferry

80

96

Pea

Snow pea

Weeks

80

97

Pea

Sparkle

Comstock-Ferry

82

98

Pea

Sugar Snap

Comstock-Ferry

86

94

Pea

Sweet Snap

Crosman

80

95

Pea

Telephone

New England Seed Co.

80

98

Pea

Wando

Crosman

80

97

Pea

Wando

Hart

82

88

Pea

Wando

Page

80

92

Pea, snap

Sugar Mel

Hart

88

89

Pepper

Banana Sweet

Comstock-Ferry

90

93

Pepper

California Wonder

Bentley

55

84

Pepper

California Wonder

Ferry Morse

55

90

Pepper

California Wonder

Hart

80

93

Pepper

California Wonder

J. B. Rice

55

*0

Pepper

California Wonder Red

Comstock-Ferry

90

98

Pepper

Cubanelle

Crosman

55

91

Pepper

Cubanelle

Hart

75

83

Pepper

Cubanelle

New England Seed Co.

55

90

Pepper

Cubanelle

Page Seed Co.

55

84

Pepper

Early Calwonder

Agway

55

98

Pepper

Early Calwonder

Comstock-Ferry

82

97

Pepper

Eastern Rocket

Agway

55

48

Pepper

Green Boy

Agway

55

99

Pepper

Hungarian Wax Hot

Hart

90

93

Pepper

Jalapeno

Burpee

55

90

Pepper

Jalapeno Hot

Crosman

75

93

Pepper

Large Red Cayenne

New England Seed Co.

55

99

Pepper

Large Red Cherry Hot

New England Seed Co.

55

86

Pepper

Long Red Cayenne

Bentley

55

89

Pepper

Midway

Comstock-Ferry

83

88

Pepper

Yellow Banana

Page Seed Co.

55

81

Pepper

Yellow Wonder

Comstock-Ferry

90

97

Popcorn

Strawberry

Comstock-Ferry

80

86

Pumpkin

Baby Pam

Agway

75

74

Pumpkin

Big Max

Hart

85

*60

Pumpkin

Connecticut Field

Hart

85

97

Pumpkin

Jack O'Lantern

Hart

90

98

Pumpkin

Neck Pumpkin

Agway

75

90

Pumpkin

Small Sugar

Hart

90

99

Pumpkin

Thomas Halloween

Agway

75

87

Seed Germination and, Purity Analysis— 1989

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued).

Plant

Variety

Seed Company

Radish

Champion

Bentley

Radish

Champion

Page Seed Co.

Radish

Cherry Belle

Comstock-Ferry

Radish

Cherry Belle

Hart

Radish

Cherry Belle

J. B. Rice

Radish

Cherry Belle

New England Seed Cc

Radish

Early Scarlet Globe

Agway

Radish

Early Scarlet Globe

Comstock-Ferry

Radish

Long Black Spanish

Hart

Radish

Mixed Varieties

Thompson & Morgan

Radish

Round Black Spanish

Page Seed Co.

Radish

Scarlet Turnip

Excel

Radish

Sparkler

Burpee

Radish

White Icicle

Agway

Radish

White Icicle

Crosman

Roquette

Burpee

Rutabaga

American Purple Top

Agway

Rutabaga

American Purple Top

Page Seed Co.

Rutabaga

American Purple Top

Hart

Rutabaga

Improved Purple Top

Comstock-Ferry

Rutabaga

Purple Top Yellow

Burpee

Spinach

America

Crosman

Spinach

Bloomsdale Long Standing

Page Seed Co.

Spinach

Bloomsdale Savoy

J. B. Rice

Spinach

Early Hybrid 30

Agway

Spinach

New Zealand

Agway

Spinach

New Zealand Everlasting

Burpee

Spinach

VA Blight Resistant

Comstock-Ferry

Squash

Acorn

Bentley

Squash

Ambassador

Comstock-Ferry

Squash

Black Beauty

Agway

Squash

Black Zucchini

Hart

Squash

Blue Hubbard

Hart

Squash

Blue Hubbard

Page Seed Co.

Squash

Buttercup

Hart

Squash

Butternut

Hart

Squash

Cocozelle

Crosman

Squash

Green Hubbard

Hart

Squash

Puritan Butternut

Agway

Squash

Straightneck

Crosman

Squash

Straightneck Prolific

Agway

Squash

Straightneck Prolific

Comstock-Ferry

Squash

Table Green

Agway

Squash

Vegetable Spaghetti

Agway

Squash

Vegetable Spaghetti

Comstock-Ferry

Squash

Zucchini

Bentley

Squash

Zucchini Black

Comstock-Ferry

Germination

claim

found *

75

99

75

100

90

100

90

99

75

97

75

99

75

99

90

100

90

95

75

92

75

92

75

99

75

99

75

98

75

95

75

95

75

97

75

98

90

100

90

100

75

100

60

97

60

93

60

87

60

98

40

95

40

86

90

98

75

80

90

97

75

95

84

84

90

91

75

98

87

88

90

96

75

82

86

77

75

98

75

100

75

99

90

96

75

97

75

100

90

99

75

97

80

93

10

Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station

Table 1. Germination of vegetable seeds (continued).

Plant

Variety

Seed Company

Sunflower

Mammoth Russian

Hart

Swiss chard

Fordhook Giant

J. B. Rice

Swiss chard

Fordhook Giant

Agway

Swiss chard

Fordhook Giant

Burpee

Swiss chard

Fordhook Giant

Hart

Swiss chard

G.T. Lucullus

New England Seed Co.

Swiss chard

Rhubarb

Comstock-Ferry

Swiss chard

Rhubarb

Page Seed Co.

Swiss chard

Ruby Red

Agway

Tomato

Beefsteak

Bentley

Tomato

Bonny Best

Hart

Tomato

Burpee Big Boy

Agway

Tomato

Climbing

Crosman

Tomato

Delicious

Green Valley Seed

Tomato

Delicious

Weeks

Tomato

Golden Jubilee

J. B. Rice

Tomato

Large Red Cherry

Comstock-Ferry

Tomato

Long-keeper

Burpee

Tomato

Midget Tiny Tim

Weeks

Tomato

Red Cherry

Burpee

Tomato

Red Cherry

Hart

Tomato

RomaVF

Agway

Tomato

RomaVF

Comstock-Ferry

Tomato

RomaVF

Crosman

Tomato

Rutgers

Bentley

Tomato

Rutgers

Green Valley Seed

Tomato

Rutgers

Hart

Tomato

Supersteak

Burpee

Turnip

Large Yellow Globe

Comstock-Ferry

Turnip

Purple Top White Globe

Burpee

Turnip

Purple Top White Globe

Hart

Turnip

Seven Top

J. B. Rice

Turnip

White Globe

Excel

Turnip

Yellow Globe

Hart

Watermelon

Charleston Gray

Burpee

Watermelon

Crimson Sweet

Hart

Watermelon

Jubilee

Weeks

Watermelon

Sugar Baby

Comstock-Ferry

Watermelon

Tender Sweet

Weeks

Bulletin 877

Germination

claim

found *

86

95

65

100

65

89

65

97

90

88

65

80

90

98

60

94

65

91

75

95

90

95

75

97

75

95

75

95

75

88

75

76

87

99

75

84

75

92

75

97

90

95

75

94

90

98

75

96

75

88

75

94

83

82

75

94

80

95

80

98

90

92

80

99

SO

92

90

99

70

96

85

90

70

98

90

97

70

89

Average

76

92

* = does not meet label claims

Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989

11

Table 2. Summary for each seed company of total number of germination claims and
the percentage of claims in each compliance category.

Seed Company

Claii

Agway

52

Bentley

20

Burpee

26

Comstock-Ferry

62

Crosman's

31

Excel

8

Ferry Morse

8

Green Valley

10

Hart

64

New England

32

Page

27

J.B. Rice

13

Thompson & Morgan

2

Weeks

7

% Samples in Each Compliance Category*
1 2

100
100
100

98
100
100
100
100

98

94
100

92
100
100

0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
6
0
8
0
0

* Compliance Categories: 1= meets label claims; 2= does not meet label claims

12 Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Bulletin 877

Table 3. Summary by vegetable type of average percent germination claimed, found, and set standard.

Average %

Germination

Vegetable

No. of Samples

Claimed

Found

Standard*

Basil

1

75

99

Bean

22

80

90

70

Beet

16

68

92

65

Bok choy

1

90

99

Broccoli

8

80

90

75

Brussel sprout

3

73

86

70

Cabbage

16

78

93

75

Carrot

16

60

83

55

Cauliflower

6

79

94

75

Celery

2

55

77

55

Chicory

1

65

84

65

Chinese cabbage

2

75

100

75

Collards

2

82

97

80

Corn

19

81

96

75

Cowpea

1

88

100

75

Cucumber

23

82

97

80

Eggplant

7

68

92

60

Endive

4

73

78

70

Kale

4

80

99

75

Kohlrabi

3

75

92

75

Leek

4

67

88

60

Lettuce

24

79

95

80

Lima bean

2

70

94

70

Melon

1

75

98

75

Muskmelon

5

79

92

75

Mustard

3

80

99

75

Okra

6

58

81

50

Onion

20

84

88

70

Parsley

4

67

74

60

Parsnip

4

66

80

60

Pea

15

82

96

80

Pepper

23

66

85

55

Popcorn

1

80

86

Pumpkin

7

82

86

75

Radish

15

79

97

75

Roquette

1

75

95

Rutabaga

5

81

99

75

Spinach

7

58

93

40

Squash

19

81

93

75

Sunflower

1

86

95

Swiss chard

8

71

92

65

Tomato

19

78

92

75

Turnip

6

83

96

80

Watermelon

5

77

94

70

Standards are provided for by the rules and regulations of the Federal Seed
Act; Blanks indicate standards are not available for that vegetable.

Seed Germination and Purity Analysis— 1989

13

Table 4. Germination and purity of lawn seed.

Company

Hart

Hart

Hart

Hart

Wilamette
Agri Turf
Lofts
Lofts

Scotts

Scotts

Scotts

Scotts

Scotts

Mixture

Banff Kentucky Bluegrass

Evergreen Lawn Seed
Annual Rye
Crown Perennial Rye
Creeping Red Fescue
Kentucky Bluegrass

Small Spot Lawn Seed
Annual Rye
Crown Perennial Rye
Creeping Red Fescue
Kentucky Bluegrass

Shade Lawn Seed
Fiesta II Perennial Rye
Penn Lawn Red Fescue
Creeping Red Fescue
Shadow Chewings Fescue

Kentucky Bluegrass

Imperial Perennial Rye

Creeping Red Fescue

Lawn Seed

Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue

Family Favorite

Purity
Claim

98.29

Purity
Found1

98.98

97.00

98.65

Germination
Claim

85

85

Germination
Found 1>2

88

29.49

90

24.56

57.19

90

88

34.37

33.67

85

96

8.62

8.60

80

82

29.49

90

24.56

50.31

90

86

34.37

38.58

85

86

8.62

10.17

80

81

24.53

25.03

90

89

29.54

85

29.51

85

14.73

73.66

85

95

86.96

97.95

80

*58

98.88

99.25

85

92

98.50

99.42

90

91

85

Koket Chewings Fescue

14.79

90

Banner Chewings Fescue

9.86

24.73

90

94

Victa Kentucky Bluegrass

29.58

32.70

87

87

Pennant Perennial Rye

44.16

41.91

92

96

*
Shady Area

Banner Chewings Fescue

44.36

90

Koket Chewings Fescue

14.79

62.34

90

91

Coventry Kentucky Bluegrass

24.65

22.51

87

87

Ovation Perennial Rye

14.72

14.62

92

95

Play Time

Derby Perennial Rye

29.44

92

Ovation Perennial Rye

24.54

92

Pennant Perennial Rye

24.54

78.92

92

96

Victa Kentucky Bluegrass

19.72

20.55

87

92

Sun/Shade

Perennial Rye

51.90

52.45

92

95

Chewings Fescue

24.50

26.09

90

96

Kentucky Bluegrass

19.60

20.96

87

87

Sun Mix

Red Fescue

24.47

25.31

90

91

Kentucky Bluegrass

73.43

73.91

84

85

14

Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station

Bulletin 877

Table 4. Germination and purity of lawn seed (continued).

Company

Mixture

Purity
Claim

Purity
Found1

Germination
Claim

Germination
Found 1-2

Scotts

Quick Fix
Annual Rye
Perennial Rye

79.45
19.86

99.59

90
90

94

Cadwell & Jones

Chewings Fescue

98.83

99.66

85

85

Cadwell & Jones

Putters Delight
Ranger Perennial Rye
Caliente Perennial Rye
Dillon Perennial Rye

32.88
31.82
33.14

98.93

90
85
85

93

Cadwell & Jones

Hard Fescue

98.51

99.60

85

97

Results for seeds which were separated by genus and not by species or by variety
are reported as the sum for that genus
* = does not meet label claims

The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station ,

founded in 1875, is the first experiment station in America. It is chartered
by the General Assembly to make scientific inquiries and experiments
regarding plants and their pests, insects, soil and water, and to perform analyses for State
agencies. The laboratories of the Station are in New Haven and Windsor; its Lockwood
Farm is in Hamden. Single copies of bulletins are available free upon request to Pub-
lications; Box 1 106; New Haven, Connecticut 06504. ISSN 0097-0905