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Voir: G. Ostrogorsky, Misioire de VEtat Byzantin, p. 141 . 143. (\) 

.\\A/\ v^V' Vj^^ Cr>' :uUKj^ tOp. Cit. p. 143. (Y) 

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Cavaignac (Eugene), Histoire de L'Antiqmte, 
Cotit. Fontemoring, Pans, 1914, 

De L'Andelyn (Ch.), Histoire Vniverselle, Payot, 
Paris 1958. 

Ostrogorsky (Georges), Histoire de VEtat Byzantin, 
Payot, Paris, 1956. 



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