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27 






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28 



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41 



J^JLll fj!La\^ 



The Geography of Strabo, Translated by: H.L. Jones. Locb Classical Library. Cam- 
bridge (Ma), London 1983^ 

J_j^ ^1 .^^Jl>^S'1 ft-^-U^ ^ j> "(A^l" a--^-i^ ^i ^r^>^' oLil_^lj ^L.'*^! Jj^- (2) 

Bcrnal, M., Cadmean Letters — The Transmission of (he Alphabet. Eisenbrauns 1990. 

. 1974 fU '^U-iy., ^ J^ ^'•^l J^Lwl i^y . 1992 oj^ c^^l ^Lj > (3) 

dsraclis ^1 U>^l ,>Ja.^ J^ Jy^"^ '^^^ ^^^ l> ^^^' J-^' ^ dsraclitcn 
.Netherlands ^^1 t Holland 1^^ UUJJl ^jjj^^l <ij^l ^1 01 jy^l L:^> ^ Lxi5 (6) 



(^„xJy.) ^ ^>^1 ol ^i ^ b>.z:^lj .(iil.1^1 yljVl) ^. ^\ li>^_ ^ 

The J\ ,{-kJ:l1}^.^^\ ,^ljVl) ^UJlj (i.aj_^l ^IjVl) ^.J.^.-^ (l^^) L^jl 

. Netherlands 

Judah, J^\ l^ Judahites jl Judaeans p-^Li ^^^^J^Nl ^J^l ^ (13*_j-h) *^^^^ ^ 




.Judaea 



Jews. 



Grabbe, Lester L. An Introduction to. . .p. 29. 

Ebenda. 

Grabbe, Lester L. An Introduction to. . . p. 30. 

Diadochen. 



London 1996. 

Whitelam, K. The Invention. . . p. 14. 

Whitelam, K. The Invention. . . p. 2. 



(7) 



(8) 



Grabbe, Lester L. An Introduction to First Century Judaism - Jewish Religion and (9) 
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(10) 

(11) 
(12) 

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Thompson, Th. Early History of the Israelite People - from the Written and (14) 

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(17) 



42 









^^ Lr - J 

»:, 

ml 

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Ism 

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Whitekim, K. "Israd's Traditions of Origin: Reclaiming the Land." JSOT, 44 (June (18) 
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Grainger, J. D. Hellenistic Phoenicia. Oxford 1991, p. 26. (19) 

: yUl ;^^l ^ jUVl ^1 ^ bJ ^^1 (20) 
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;jj^.^ ^UiU Js>^\ ^_^J^\ ^ ^jJi ^ j_jVl ^ io^ h^y \^\ cJjS^ JSj 



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Whitelam, K. The Invention. . . p. 19. 

Whitelam, K. The Invention. . . p. 34. 

Whitelam, K. The Invention. . . p. 21. 

Whitelam, K. The Invention. . . p. 23. 

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43 



Whitelam, K. The Invention. . . p. 119-121 
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(44) 
(45) 
(46) 
(47) 
(48) 
(49) 



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44 




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20 LAjy:. ^ Jjjjj pJUJi jl>^ ^Wj O-s^l^ aj^,^ ays' Jj<^_;->'l Jo^ ^ iLJ^s>^i\ 

Ajij^l JUI Jj^ (^^jLi^) *^l (J*>Up1 ^j-^L^1 jJhj tULul _;^Vl /^y^^, J_^.s^ajLj| 



j^ i^y^jLJi SJJIaJI CjLIi^Ij V^jLill J-^l J *>Ui J^" (i^^ ti^^) aJlS^Ls 

SOjLJI J^j-dJl J i^ (^_5b^^ Oj^) 4j(.;waJl Lol .(jjk^\ L^l J ^j-J rt-v-LS' 



(J ^Ls^aXi-Vl J-tol o:jJI>- ^jji *-^l? jjJL>-^lj jWl 0_^_;-^ t>:rfJJ-^'^' ,Jj^iCJUJLl 



•jA [^ Ju] pT^jj Aa..y.s^..nj\ pLSv>-j/l /j-P IJUaj ^j-^l 0*1 ji lJJ . rt-f:Uvaj>i-Jt- JjJl>ij 5JUm-« J-*^tj 



LiJi jl LjUJI -^ J\ f-V VA jji ^;-_j ;> waiJi Ujjj . iibim^ 



Jlp J^y^ us* .5ji^ (V -ijl^ ciLlaTj t JUjy ^y ^^-.UJl ^^ ^1 J-^ ^y Iki L4I4 



iJiiiJlj L^oLiJl A^s^^l idkuj U-*l^b-| t(S:ij:i) ^-^b Obji l^i^ (*^'>*^' l/ ^>*^^^ 



L^^^j y^l S^.;^ ^> J.*U ^ ^I (^1 ^ U^ iki^ .(^0 ^1 c[,^] ^^\ 



62 



^^^ oLi ^1^1 ^^)) ;(o^f xj,) ^y ^ 60; 1 ^1 ^ J^l ^ 10.1 ^^^_ 
.((. . .1^ 1:5 j^ ^1 j^l i,U._; L^i ^^ ^j ,^| ^ 5j^j j^ijji 

cr--^ U Jl L^^^l J.y^\ J, SjLiI Jjl jl ^U::i-Vl JaI J^ /Jg L^ 




U y.j ((. . (j 1224-1290) jLlJl ,_j...>,,^j ^,-^ o^J ±^ J\ :>j^ y>^\ 

O^J"^ Jajy Usj-^ ^^_p^. ^_J^| 0^1 jl jJJi ^_jjIx50I L-jlkiJl 0">l;jb -.0 ^Ljo 

- ,^1 o^UJl JJ ^ ^U\j ^_^\ ^^\ ^ i^ljl i^^i s^-^L .jjj. 



A.'Wu^ 



^ • ^> J J^ ^.^-^1 eTj^l J (^1 ^j^) Jl SjLiI LI ,jjj JJ ^jj 

^y.^ y^Hjl : J>^L Ai^Ul oi^ ^^ ^'jOp (34:21) ^_^| >^ J^_ JliJi j_„ 



^J^. c/>- vL^^I sMi ^-^ U-^ o^. jl Jl i^Uo ^ ._^|j . (5_^ UU 



Jl ^j -i^ (c,,k^ ^j\) Jl l^,.,^ ^j,] i^j ,_^j ^H ^\ iJu Iki- 
U^I ^j .i^^i^Si] ^L jUiJ Jl ^^_ ^1 11^ ol ^iji ^j ,j^\i\ ^1 

V^ jl o*^ Vj ;(o^) Jl 5jLi^ j_^| ^ o^aJI cJJi_^_ |^_aiJl A^l jl liT 

J V^ ^1 Uilj c 10^ S>L iU^ Jl ,^^ <jI ^_ U. ^;^JwU IJJS IjJL^ ^1 

u^' ^ L> cr^l ^^1 i:^! ^L^^l lia^l ^ o.^ .u^ cuSjJl J . i>Ul uiJLb' 



•■^Wl Jt^ r^ A;LJ| 0>1I il. oJ:U ^1 r^\^y,jX^\t: J jS/I j^l U i w:aj| I 



■(^)'l ^> i!J>l^l o-^"^ Cy '■r-^^SUSj 'Oy ^jJ JU-i UU- 

• -^r^'' r"'^^ j^^ ji^j-" ly il ^j-^^i^i dl ■'j^i^i jj^ ^ 
j>.Sfi ^ 01^ c^>l i^ ^ !ij_^i ^j<^^ i^i^i ^ ^ui j-^i ol ^1 ^ 

<uji-j :>ut od^ ^ VI j^^ij :u_^i ^^1 Uj ^i_^i ^ Dj^uj '^ ^usai j*I l> 

• ji^l Jl tijLiil .1^1 c^ ^:AJ o1j>JI it>^l > ^iiiU^I Uj J iJuJ, 



63 



L.5*^ Oi (j^^ cr"^^J t [ ^Y-JLJLLiA J A-i-;-^ jfcji jl jLSw jj[ ojLi^ Ajjitjj *_^Jl«l>- 

jU^L Vju\ ^y\ iaj__^ t^JJl (1 ;26) jjijScJl _^ ^ ^ UajJ jiUj IjLaj 

^^1 Jj>.-^l L-^Jli ...» U5UJl_j Vi^' ^ U-^ ^-^-M^- toU^^l JS 01 t_5^ 

(j'^ j' " Jt^ ^W^"' l/) ^J^^I (_5^ J:^*'^' "-k^J^ ^J^.J C°Jj>-] J>^. u^' 



o^ '•(j^yr- J^ ^^ :'j-,^aiJl ol^ ^j ^(»U;I Jlp ^NjUU j>->Ul .1^1 ^^ ..Jji^^ 



•[j^r?^] ^r^ J-^>^ (j^l 



rii^jLvaJl A3jIaJ| flJub A>,j aJLjc>- U jJfej 'ddjja 4j>-|^ t^^^' iw-'Ua>iJl iljjil JLiJ 






^^1 J Ljjyc. Ol^ ^S}\j ^^(^J) 01^ 'e^^l »MI u^'^ (i' aj,-lJLii] 



(>") ^.1 Jj '(Jj^l) i^^LTVl i>^ A^ ii. l^iO^- ot>Jl ^^ Jj t^^l 

Aji jl <wo<-ji ^ u 4-11 t^j NI A-flL* i-AjjLj iLij>ij ^^JLiJi ^jj t (jj>t-Ji u-jj-jw) 



^ OJ.5U: ^1 oLj>l^>b ^U-Jlj (^lyVl ^ ^J^i olj> (^yi Ap Aii 






64 






^ 0L5j c^)/| L^ ^^j J^ ^J ^^> ^ j^- u- (.^ c^l ^>5Uii J 






j^" A^ U^-i/l U.Lwl L^*^..^ oiUu.1 L^ t^^l (jyuJI ^ ^liVlj OaJl 









^ iS^I ^ .i^l j^ jUpVI ^^_ Ui^I .^j ^_^1 ;UL^ ^ V Ol Ul Ldp 1 



V-S' ^i ^j t;|j_^| ;^ jl Ja^j iir^\ o^yJl ^ ^1 ^^ [^-^yl 



LJl>rJlj ^.jlxJl ^ ;«-l^ . [j,.,jLiJi] OX. ^Ji>.t^ (5^ ^'^^ J\j^) ^_jiJ| jL«^| ^ 

ii~^ oUJ>Jl .ILL- ^y L4JI ^1 ol£| I [s>p] i:oxJ\ >Ui :,j.^| 015- ^ . Gaza iiwi. 
SjLiI ._^ J ii^l .i^ ii.t ,_^j_, , ijt;_^| ^ A JI ^1 cJy~ ^_ .1^ Aza, Aaza 

/^ ij;HJ^>"J => 1^1^ ^^- JI c%^I y>-~Jl OLj 

. ^i ,^ ^IJI ^. .1^ ;^_jL- AaI_^ ji j:;^_ V ^_iJl Iju ol blj J . tijU^I 
ob^ JI Ujji>. J i_^- i,^ oUiv a-.i:»i Jl>. L. d. ^y,Ul ^ j:>v, ^_^l j__^U 

d^i^^^^l VyJI u- j~^li • U^lyj UaJU Jp ^>L j\ :u.jju JiiU; Jlji I, ^ij ^ 
. s^l :^| ^- J^ Ju: U^ Ij^ (^1 ^^) ol j^ ,0^ li^ ^1 . . 



65 



^_,.^^. L ^m\ J\ sojUJI ;uiUJl olj/Vl ^ji^j Uo^^\J l.y^S\ jd^\ jl .^^>Ja^j 
^,-,.1^ SJiUJij UU-LJI OxJI 5jU^ ii.jj UjjJi^ ^ ^j . . . .U.^^ 



^>Ja.^ ^ «^_^kJiJ|» jULiJI ^JUj aJxJ^ ^yhj S^l <ki: La ..i^Jj 






U^,.Jl:>.:L^_ ^I ((^/VI»J Olil^JL^^/lj .IjVl (>.^ LUil^,.jCL^I ^^ 11^ 







ijl U? . f.LiJl i">L ^\ i_jyj| U* jUsl i^JLlI ^H\ ^^\ J5 ^ 2JiL- eJlT 






• ^.i >^ ij'i ""^ ^ ' 



66 



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jUl CJj;>- jOl^ 



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67 



i((<Ui(yi ^ (jjlcatttJLSi) (jiudl^ 



Ungcr, E. Reliefstek Adadninirh III cms Saba'a unci Semiramis. Publication der (I) 
Kaiseiiich osmanischen Muscen II, Constantinople 1916. 



Thompson, Th. Early History, . . p. 271. 
Ahlstrom, G. The History of Palestine. . . p. 269. 



Ebenda. 



Biblical criticism. 
Biblical studies. 
Ubcrliefcrungsgeschichte. 
Traditionsgeschichtc. 
Textual criticism. 
Lower Criticism. 
Philological criticism. 
Literary criticism. 
Tradition criticism. 
Form criticism. 



Redaction criticism. 



Historical Criticism. 

Higher Criticism. 

Manuscript problems. 

Aural conditioning. 

Visual problems. 

Dittography. 

Haplography. 

Homoeoteleuton. 

Scriptio continua. 

Speiser, E.A. Genesis. Garden City, New York 1981^ p. 69. 



. (:>) ijjLUJi i^jJI J 



(2) 
(3) 



Sandars, N.K. The Sea Peoples - Worriers of the Ancient Mediterranean 1250-1150 (4) 
BC. London 1978, p. 201. 



(5) 



McClellan, T. L. "Chronology of the 'PInlistine' Burials at Tell el-Far'ah (South)." (6) 
JFA 6(1979), pp. 57-73. 



^\ c[|W.^] iwH (^Vi J^w jL^Vl ^1 d\ ^j iCdjby^O iio^i i^^i J 



(7) 

(8) 
(9) 
10) 

11) 

12) 
13) 
14) 
15) 
16) 
17) 
18) 
19) 
20) 

21) 
22) 

23) 

24) 
25) 
26) 
27) 
28) 
29) 



68 



^fAj^; Ujj^j o>-i^rr^ (W,/^-^ -^j-^f^ -Lo-^-iJ u^LaJi^j -u^" '^Jj^ ''J^ ej^] l)^'-^' (^^^^ 

.^_j] ^j ^jh j>U_j. . .)) :J_!UJI 5:24 JjVl J:^>w^ ^ -^.U-. >Jl (31) 

.^Ul oy... (32) 

::Lll:Jl ^\j^\ Cr" lS^ J Abraham 5j»U ">\Jl. ^1 (33) 
Bibel-Lexikon. Herausgegcben von Prof. Dr. Herbert Haag, Tubingen, Leipzig 1969. 
Die Bibei von A-Z. Das Aktuelle Lexikon zur Bibcl. Karl Miiller Vcrlag? 
Lexikon Friiher Kulturen. Herausgegeben von Joachim Herrmann. Leipzig 1987^. 

.^^ ^ ^ ^1 ^[S d\ ,>^„ j\yr oL:^i ^IjJl L^L i^^^^] ^\ ^.^" o\ (34) 

.[oj^ ^^-jJJlj ^a. .jUo-u.^ J^ j>wx. ^j . . .] (35) 

:^i:Jl <P5-.>jJl ^ (Dgn) S.iU ^1 U^k:^) ^1 (36) 
Edzard, D.O. Wdrterbuch der Mythologie. Stuttgart 1965. 

Ahlstrom, G,: The History of Palestine, . . p. 333. (37) 



Thompson, Th.: Early History. . . p. 140. 



(38) 



69 




:s^i 










1^ A:bL^I ^ 4i^L Uj ^1^1 dUi Ik^ ^ ^^ iiUl 5^ (.jLiJi .J 

. .1^1 ^y S>J| ^ ^^Ja^ ^_jL- ^ bijU J^ Ujj ;^>l ^JL 



<X.^ IV^ I^J^ U^U UU^ c:JL^ j^j^L ol jL^j cSlj_^| [(^^oJiJLJ /,,-lUi] 

iiJI^rJlj V^ijWl a^>.^^ -il^ 'S\ ^s^^\ ?jv>w:' lift Jjt ^ .a::>«Jl S;i 



jjH^ L^j i]LA OA^I ^ s.^^\ Jl jLi! .1^ ^^ Ji oLJjJl ^ ^> 






LjJl ^. 615 ^1 ^\s^% s^L. ii^U g ^- J L4JI _,!; .6X. t^JJl j.>l 



c^j^l j^^l j^_jL: ^ ::,a,^ ;^ ^ x^^\j ^uVl -^^1 Jl;. L. y.j .oLil>Jlj 



IXA>J ii>Vl-i^jUJI ^jf^\ 



71 



'^\ji\ A^U^^j . ^> ^ ol^^L^Ul ui'yT 5^1 ^^1 s^_3^ ^^ ^i ^j 



. ^^jJ! >aJL UU- 



i-u: ^ ^.J^ JU^ ^ ^j^ ^ (107: 1) jv^l ^ J^ ^i^ ^LJI 3% ^^ 

{0^^i,,5LJl} lj:.ljl i]L* ^j)) : JUJI Jy c^^l JyuJl ^ '5J;,5LJl L'UJl 



d. 



Uj^ ^j .^i ^y ^I (.^iJl |.a^j ^^jJL LLk^lj .(.JUj^NJl ^^ j^^^olj 



JJJJ iCU^.ij^l a->_- ...^ CU^U ^J^ S_^^J^ 4^j_«^>^ iILa C^l; cJL^^I 



co^^^^.^ ^C^' ^' C^'>^' '>'-^^^ 'V^' "^y ^ (104:2) j^-^l ^y oj^j^ 



■ > 






JaJL |J-A . aj(j>-| ^j^j A:iy^ ^v-fJj^ 0^ 4^>t>-jl U IJjfcj ^Cjj-o^^JdL^ "-^l.^^ tV 



Jt>b>.| ^ ^:>LJ| JJ ^Ul by^\ Jt>U- c..;5Uj ^I 4.jj^_;I J^j^\ U-I (.lyl /^ t 








^fSo'j iSij-**^ij ^iUJl Oj^ jfl (>--*^3-* 



jUiii-l ^1 ^_^A«JI J-iUi .Jx^ ihjj^) fv-^-^l jj-^ J^ ^Uxi- 



ajjj-v"?) LjJb sl^^^"^ 26:7 Q^y {\ir^\ ^-^^-^y. t5'j-" '^^^ L»-pj 0jJl4-JLl«uj i^LiJl Jj-L 



jt>-_^l Jaj\ . ^^2y..j.i iSjJ^ it-UUllt d,*.?^ 






VliJi <ij-^l S_^Vl ^ (iV^! JJ 1926-1971) JjVl ^>1^ U .a^s^Jl Ol jXj j. 




72 






^1 lXj>-ji\ ^\y^\ ^ ojjh .^^1 ^ 1^1 ojxd^" p-^L OjJ_^„ djj^\ ^ 







jjb j^^,-.^! ^ o^^-Jju" ^! j_yJLp 4J:j*yi J^ij .aJlIII ^_^ djU S^Lp- Jl^jr^^^l J5 i 



^^jyJ hu}3 [ly^] ^^j^^:^\S oXa ^ik^ ^_^j Uj^ ^ soio^Jl ^Likijli)) : JUl 
' cr*^'-^./^ ^^ 4j?-L^ l-jjUj Lg-4.^*tj=- 01 Aii^! aJuXo (^j to wp-*^! \-oj t * 










A-Lj-Ua 



^ S.l:u_Jl iiJa^^D) : JUJI 91 : 3 ^-..^1 ^ Oj^jj_fl> JjJL; ^_^ 



^ L^ II* i^.^ ^_^^j C^^jijLi^i ^ ^_^J^| L^__| ^1 e-^^j 



tf 



o^^^^^j <u^^ Ujlai^ V-^^l^^ ^j^" - M ^j^*^- ^ a^_^l v^ ^^" o^ 









_^-s^ajw 






73 



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uT^^j '■ij^ i>i^— i^j y^ j-*^ ^y\ ijj' ^,j .ciJL- 




JjJiSl ^y\ ^ d^_A^dJ <uL$ ^ (39:4) (..^1 ^ ojjj^ ^y^_j 



11 






c^ ^ IpOj t/>wiJ L^j t^^c^ljj 5^ LLii ^^^ ^jU i% j^ sajuJi i-iJlj 



VJ.r^ ty f'j^* ^jLi^ ^ BULLS' ^ (89:7) ^^-.sJJl ^ ojjjj^^ lL-Jl^^^j 



^ ^^.^^^ \y\S^ .;5U e.!>U U. J.^ y^jj^j 0j^4^l :aJUI ^ Ifjj ^i 



u. JU:o^/L U^V Ij^Li ^^.^ c^Vl ^1 J^U ^ oyi^^ :u^^aiJl jy^\ 



A^iSj "^^jj^ ^ ^1 \Sa ^j .UU- AJ^^lki. ^iJI Ja.^1 J^UI Jl ;.j^ 



. (( . . . . ^j^la li ^y*"*^ J"-'^ (_5^*^ oJlZ<i^l LT^IjVl 



J-^lSCll oJiUipI AJLb" ^ ciDlS'j toJLpu iLs^oxJl i-^'JI tJ^LoVl ^Js' <a\y ^y L,waJl 

ojLi^l cjjijj^ ^y^ (^Lp LJ Uw>e.s£? dJJi tlilS" jii -t^ff^yJl (j^^l J-^>-^>*^ J-oJisxl 



• ^-^1 ty L-i^^ ^^\ ^ <^jh L- iii^ ^jUi IfuJ cJl^ 4^,>l 4.Ji; ij^j Js] \ 



.(^!) o^L ^ l^j vi^^i 5^>J^ ^^Vi ^r^^t 



.((*. J 486-522) JjVl Lr-Jdjl^ u^j^^ ^-^ ^ :*jp..aiJl 



u-J 



iJlJ 



O 



74 



jjjji\ j\ L^U^I j^ ^/ ^1 'L^\ Jj^L^I ^ f^jj\ j\ oi:^}j4i J^ ^'^Hi J! 



^^^-jo UJLj-i lilj . j^^_.JjJl iJuj>tuJ1 JJ-^^ L5L«^ o| li-A i j-s-*^ ^yi^^j>^^ jj^ L^ 



c^Jculj tJ_^;-iJl dUU^ 1 I^pI ji^LJl JJ ^LJl 0^1 ^^'1 Jj^\ \_jLtajJl ^ ^5! c*ui 

lilj tVU-i hjj^l oUj>- OJ-fl (_j^J Lj_^ ^o-^'yi ^^.>t-Jl j^^jIp [l1j'>U] ^I ^ 
C-Ju^j 1 ^ '■ g ■ *< (jlj t M i*jj-X^l ^,A^'b/! j->^l L?^'j^ ^ (jLlaJji <A.^lj ^^L>tj lIj JLv^l 

.Lix^L - J,.^l ^ jl^ ^ I^L^ ^1 ^ Slj^l ^\ j^ ^.Ul ^^.^i 




i_j^ i.i„_>^| ^^j-J>j-A j,-JJ)/l 01 t5j-i 4_>«_«JLj;xjij SJjJJwO i_jL-^"^I oJl_^ 




^jjJl Ul^j oLJ|Jl>-l ^" J^U>. ^yj .j>k^ (^L; JjUlj ..j-JikJl ^:>b>-Vl 

j_^J L;_^ 5ji. ^y J:uJ <J^\j ^Lw ^^jkju UJij j_^ <ul «^_ f»^>^ LT^y")^' 

J!A^>U UjIJ\ a^^l ^ jUiVl ^.jLb U^JL" cojy i^jl Jl^ ^ OUj^i 

.^^Uj^l 0^ j^ f^j]\ ^^^y>y\ 

(^_^'>U ^j^ji^jj ^JJ> d\S Jii .JjLJl (^Ojilll (,^lj ^ ^yi Ojij_^ oLlx^ 



75 



. u^_^ L^ J_j^l ^^^_ ^o. ;^l Jl iijX> ^js^ Up-^3 4;UJ>>j ^-LS^L 



oill o^j ^^1 ^^ J5L* ^Xj (.U^l ^ jUj^l ^Ur Jl ^jj dUi ^ 



't*-^! <>t-!va (^JJI lT^J-^-^ ^-^ 4jL1a*^ (Jl>0J J' 



'_H^- (v^! ^LJ>^) ^ oLLlj^ ^_;1 L^^j, t^^^li o^y^y. 



X^)j t(^^^^ 5U-) c(li^^ ^ 



(T-^ c^UI djj^ Jl^jJI j>l^^>l ^H^ e^^^J t2tj_^l ^ L^ <^ J^ yuJ 



(^! ^jy-) ci' ^ J'^l L-iJ>Jl L-1 .((^68 - 54) (.ly^^il ^ l^l^jj\ ^ij>l^>lt 



^ Li_^- ^Ij i(Lj[t]\ ;.:>.■, UJI IJlaSII i^^UJl L-^^l) jU-V ^>:^ i(li_^^ 
LiJLiJi <iJ^ Lol .^^1 ^'y- JSLa j^J^j ^JLaJI ^JuJuJ djUj^l J:>L^L cu^l 
; ^-Jj:) LjUoi j?t-« ij-^j J-^-^ J-*L«JLi ^rr*-*^ t---'lii' ajI Jlj . <^ f^^l -U^ OUj Jl 



jU . ^-Uj ,_^ (,.69) ,.U Ujj j>l^l ,,>^1 . (jt>WJ 79 - 9) ^y^^^ ^y^'^ 



(.^61) ,.U bjj^ J^jji\ j>l^'>l ^Jl M^j ^^^.M ^.j^ ^ V^J^I ^.A^l "^^^^-^l 



.(iJUl V.>,..UII UaMi Lii\U\ ^j>J\) Oil Oil»-Li Jl »jj^l -oUl 04^ 



76 



;^_^^l ^ A^^^l U,.AixJl ^1^1 0^1 (li^_ ^1 ^jj^) ^y ^^ 







(»^-^" ^^^J "^"LiJ^ ^J:'J v^'liCJl v^jl XjJJi jU::i-L,j LJ.^,x:l^I oSj o^I 



diUJ V L5- olj cj.»/lj oUj^l ^ 0^1 ^ Jlp O.J.J Jl Jiix; .^J .Ui^l 



0,U1 ^jl i^L. ^ ;j ;,! ^aJ ^S)) : ^Ul ^pi i^oi. ^ ^gi ^1 ^ Jji 1 



liJ- 11* 



i>- jJ OU 



jt^.j - t^l^l *^> ,;-v^ ,> oLUuJi ^ ^L-lj :UU1 0>JL; iwOJl 



a5^j>Jlj J3Li>JL ju.jUl (^jJJ lUXJJl .Uj -jU jJU Jbrj !■>! o^j .^MT 



\ry^y. '^) ^}^ o* (12-8/2) ^1 i J^ ^_^_^_ ol !-U 



((JI^L 



^1+^ 



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jJl^ ^l>JI oVLrj jLiT Olj r.^^ U-Dl ^ J L.^ 

Vjl^l .iiL- J^ a^ <;lj . . . ►ij,^! ^ (<c^ ^^^ ^s^' Ujl« ,_^ l^* i Uj_^1 ^tADl 

ll'Ul* 19^1 ^iij 



77 



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. 1£J ^ UU ^-j c^.>^l IxJ (^1 wU (3) 

,^j\i :>%} 4.J-I1JI ^ikJl ^ JliJi j,-^! U :>j-..aiJi (4) 

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http://ccel.wheaton.edU/j/josephus/JOSEPHUS.HTM. 

Josephus, 10 Volumes. Translated by H. Thackeray, R. Marcus, Allen Wikren, and 
L.H. Feldman. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge (Ma), London, 1967"^. 

Ebenda. 

Antiquitates Judaicae. 

Belium Judaicum, 

Vitae. 

Contra Apionem. 



: LJUl 4j;_^jJl ^ CP 



Holscher, G. "Josephus." PW 18 (1916) 1934-2000. 
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Palaistinae. 
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Ebenda 20:259. 



Wirth und Oskar Hintiber. Berlin 1985. 



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(6) 

(7) 

(8) 

(9) 

(10) 



Willrich, H. Urkundenfdlschung in der hellenistisch-judischen Literature. Gottingen (11) 
1924. p. 2. 



(13) 

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Arrian, Der Alexanderzug - Indische Geschichte. Griechisch und Deutsch fon Gerhard (20) 



.PW... :IJWI ^P^jJl J (Arrian) SjI. >:! (21) 



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Meteorologica II, p. 359b. 

Potscher, W. Theophrastos. Leiden 1964. 



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XXXVII 



(29) 
(30) 
(31) 



Schubert, K. Die Quellen zur Geschichte der Diadochenzeit. Leipzig 1914, pp. 60". 



Prooem. 2, In Stern, M. (ed.) GrceA ant/ Latin authors on Jews and Judaism. (33) 
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Syr. 50; Mithr. 106, 115, 118, Ebenda. 



(34) 
(35) 



(36) 



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Historia Romana XXXVI 16,5; XXXIX 
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Historia Romana XXXVII 15:5, 17. Ebenda. 
Bei Eusebius pme/j. £v. X 10. Ebenda. 



J.W. Earp. Loeb Classical Library. Cambridge, London 1956. 



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50,18-20; 54,9; 62,26; 78,9; 90,16-17; 98,9; 104,14; 106,20-21; 110,24; 118,9; 154,22-23; 
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Knauf, E. A. "War 'Biblisch-Hcbraisch' eine Sprache?" Zeitschrift fur Althebrastik 3 (0 
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. ^1^1 J>^ J^\ _ cjjJS ^^UiSfl lJc^\ jl'^yi (JU U j^^^viiJ! (3) 



Thompson, Th. Early History. . . p. 164. 
Thompson, Th. Early History, . . p. 131. 



Thompson, Th. Early History. . . p. 311, 



(4) 
(5) 



.(i^LJl JJ 1214-1224) ^^ ^^-.^ jAU U j>j,,.^5.oll (6) 
Ahlstrom, Gr and Edelman, E. "Merenptah's Israel." JNES 44 (1985) 59-61. (7) 



(8) 



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Thompson, Th. Early History. . . p. 134f. (10 

Loretz, 0. Habiru-Hebracr: Eine sozio-Linguistische Studie iiber die Herkunft des (12) 

Genetilitziums 'ibri^ vom Appelativum Habiru. BZAW 160. Berlin 1984. 

Davies, Ph. and Rogerson, J. Was the Siloam Tunnel Built by Hezekiah? In Biblical (13) 

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Biblical Archaeology Review (BAR) IjZ (1994) 54f. 



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106 



'{ijujx.^\ J!^d^Vi Jl j^jUJi j:iU^t!^i cy^ uilauul^) cA*i_^ 



Dougherty, Nebonidus and Belshazzar. New Haven 1929; Gadd, AnSt, 1958; (1) 
Lambert, "Proceedings of the fifth Seminar for Arabian Studies." London 1972, pp. 



53-64. 

Ahlstrom, G. The History of Palestine. . . p. 815. 



XjC^j (j\j]\ iJu J^ Jil_p V ^y>xJ . J-jJl L^-^O j-A.^^ SljjJl ,_5-^>^ ^ywa-iJ (jjLiSJI 

.(iilJl / JjcS) (_yjy>Jl '-Al'^.^Jl *^^J t<>»-.ixU 

Ahlstrom, G. r//e History of Palestine. . . p. 875. 
Ahlstrom, G.: TT^e History of Palestine,. . . p. 575/. 



Ahlstrom 



• ^J Ji'V-J t^W*>-j li/jj t/-t>U jU*-L 



(2) 



Willrich, H. Urkundenfdlschung in der hellenisiisch-judischen Literature. Gottingen (3) 
1924, p. 2. 

Garbini, G. L History and Ideology in Ancient Israel. London 1988, cited in (4) 
Thompson, Th. L. Early History. . . p. 121. 

See Galling, K. Studien zur Geschichte Israels im persischen Zeitalter. Tubingen 1964, (5) 
p. 185-210. 

Ahlstrom, G. The History of Palestine, . . p. 846. (6) 

JilS OjIj - ^\ ^Jj^^ l,j^l aL^\j t^_r/w [4JL4] ^y^j^ jt-^Vl J-^1 (l)t ^ji^l ujLkiJi i^jj (7) 



(8) 

(9) 

Alt, A. Proksch Festschrift 1934; Galling, K.: Paldstina Jahrbiicher (PJ) 1938, p. 75; (10) 
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Sellers, O. "The Citadel of Beth-Zur."; Galling, K. PJ 1938, p. 75. (U) 

Colpe, C. "Lichtsymbolic im alten Iran und antiken Judentum." StG, 18 (1965) 116- (12) 

33. 

J.>J1 J^ ^^^ ^\ y^j t(<J)/l ^y. I '^fi\ ^y) ^J^^ (^^Uo) hu^J^\ v-jUlL (13) 

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(14) 



.(.sVJl cM 522-530) ^j.^\j *Ji Aj^j c.it>UJl cM 530 fU Jijy ^^- (15) 
Fales, P.M. "Remarks on the Neirab Texts." Orient 12 (1973) 131-42. (16) 



^jUJl J^Ai:-Vl oy c^J^.^ J ^\JcJ^\ j>:J oj^^ ^j ^ ^b£^\ u.Lk>Jl ^;^,uc^. (17) 



107 



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Ahlslrom, G. The History of Palestine, . . p. 899. (19) 



108 







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r*^ ^jU^ l»" ^' c^l ^_^| diJaS-j coljj. v^i^i (-*J o^. 01^ o^JUl 



JSLLj 5>LJ| jU^S/L ^ ^^,._u Uj ^U JiCJLj ^^JUJI .u^l of Ji>-M. 









109 



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(^^;aJI L^^^-'^i'-oJJ j_yjJL4-xJ| j-Lx5L^Nl *-^lji J^^.::^:>-l ^^^^ ^ ^ C^^'' V^^ iVJ 
cX:>-\j Ijjj1,\j^[ ^ (JUJI 0>1 ^yjJLiJI jJUiL-)/! o'JjU^ aW il^j^\ 

.t^^,5L^I J^il::;-^/! (.IjA. .z^ IL_^ U*p l^t 

JjLJI |,-.>^I jy» U ^^^ Jii 1 1-JJj-Jl IJL» ^^yJfy ^ ; - l^- U i^j cK^ ^^*J 



Air- j^ V^*-j ^UwJLi iJji*.^ ^I y> li_)jj>i ^y ^AiUxpl <:j1 ^ j_/i!j t ^j-^jt^tAi 



^^J^ j^J^j ^jy}\ ^j >j J.>VI oLl;:5C ii-Ml bjL^j, % ^4 M^" 
^ '((. 120 - 65 /55) yy^\^j ((■ 235 - 160) y,:> yj^^ ^^jj\ t^^ 






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110 



1 



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S:.L1| cu_L- ^1 ^ujjJal^^Vl (.UsiJl ^jy>Jl dlL- c_Jlj^ ^s^\ cJlS" aiJ 



jy-yi ^_^Uk Jl v-^ - v-JLkJl jl 4;^UkJl LJL'j ;((..c3 281 - 356) (.l_pVl ^ 
oj^ cj^/ .((..J 283 J 367) (.Ij^Vl .,>^ f,-JU tiJUlj t(JLiLtJl) J\ ;^'_^ 
(i,j_^l >--'j^l) (»^L lJjjo ^slll J:>.!AJ| ^_^jJ| U4Pl__^ OlV ^:^^^^ a;^^^— ^J 







dUI. Ll^ ;^ JjVl ^^^UJx. ^1 ..1.^" (..(i 305) (.U ^ Iju cULU^ 



,0) (.U ^^ ^ jyVl ^j^^ jikJij .LjUaJl t^t ilwL OJ^ ^Ij 



■ "^^^^ J\ hjJ^J ^;^J (jJ^t-^ cLUi j^ Ul ^^yJl 



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>t>LJl JJ 253-260 VWI idj>-Jl v^l) .(.-jLJI JJ 272-274) JjVl :uj_^^l ^^1 
^UJI JJ 217-221 oul^l i^_^l ^..^1) i(j^>LJ| JJ 241-246 iii\ii\ i,j_^| ^_^|) 

.(i">LJl JJ 198-202 U.UJI iy_^| v_.j>JI)j 



111 



,r^ Jl ji>Ji a- ^'^1 o^" u^ r^:^i ^^^b J^^ r^i J^ ^^j ^^ c^-^i 



l^jl ilLft ^j toji- aIjO^ ^_^ (t-cJ^V^ J^^ J^^:^lJ c^j^l L^U J[ J^^-^^l 



Li 312 pLp ^^^^-jJa^l J^ Aj^^SLoJ:^ 5JUj>- j_y3 j^j^ol ^_jj,«-w-Jl ^jU-a JLj»-| &JiLJ 



^ 






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culls' rt-***^! ^SycJl j^ tL^ LJUaJl :)^ d\ ^ ^^jJa*JU^ ^!JJ-^ (_r^ '^J^:'" 




JJJi (^Slj ^^Vl L^ j:i ^Ij o:>LJl ^ 301 ^U ^^UJ^y ^^jJ^l 
Js^ .,1.^1 ^L^l S.^j^ J^l^ ^}iJ.^ JjJj^\ jJc^Vl A.j>l^l jL^I J\ 



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i^LkJU :>^LJ| JJ 286 (.Lp La_^..^ ^1 Vj i^>Ja.Ji jJi^j ^r«'-^' J>-LJI ji^U^ 






112 



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Udj^ J\j II* ^^tAi ^>^^. oLLx5 4^ Jl U.LJI UjLil jl^Vl ^^.^ 



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^L, t^jb)/! |»_jj| Jl _^- iJU.^1 ,iUi) 



113 



^(plilliftJl ^Jj-a^) ijLA\^ 



Price, J. Jerusalem Under Siege - The Collapse of the Jewish State 66-70 CE. Leiden (2) 
1992, p. 198f. 

^^ UL-J ^\ ^ aJJ v^>^* oUI>JI J^" (^) A.^1 JlL- Jl ^^1 ^1 :>yu (3) 



.pljiSfl^-^1 JlxJL^,j ;J,>V1 



Davies, W.D. and Finkelstein L. (eds.) The Cambridge History of Judaism. Volume 2 (4) 
<1989)p. 35. 

Davies, W.D. and Finkelstein L The Cambridge History, . . p. 181. (5) 



o^- Jij L^ l:^jJ\ a,^>i^>i J v-^i^i u^ 0.^1 Jy .^ jUjj ^j> >T (6) 



S>LSfl ^>- ^ ^y>-\j v^^» JJW^l a^ ^LAjpi ^ A.AJI ^ .;.^N1 (.JU^l 



. OUj^l 



PricCj J. Jerusalem Under Siege. . . p. 194. 
Ebcnda. 



London 1983. XIX 95-100. 



114 



(7) 
(8) 



Diodorus Siculus, Translated by Russel M. Geer. Loeb Classical Library (LCL). (9) 



■ {i>^* L^l lJu> ^\ ^ ^ (10) 



(f».(i 198 _ 301) ^^MjUauii i^^obJI uUsu urdamli (2 : 2 

lk^^\ Ju^ iJLkJl j,,;.^^ ^^1 ^ijJi 015 ^iUiiVl J^UJI 01 dLi V 



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^^ 1 I ^ ' 

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j-i-uU iLip 




^i5j ;S> cjj» oUjL -dj^p^-j (t_^JUlj jy^i 



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115 



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^ UIp 72 JJ ^ l^yi\ jUJt. J^- ^b U^y^ ^'^1 k^^^^ ^ ji^ (^^1 I 




^*VI ^ ^U»-i! 6) J^l^ j> 72 ^J^l dV 5j>^Sll L-.^ Jl y-:^- ^^ 

US' .(^Ul ^jJ\ J J^l l^>. i^^l dV - ^^! ^ fLjI c^ 1^ Uw 






%J\ JJ vlJliJi bji\ J oLiJ i^>dl Ol UU JLSUl g;I^lj .6L->II ^ Cr^Jj 



.^)UU J ,Vt D OIL ^ U i-T OLf c^.JuJI 'y. JiJi^ 



116 



ijjj^) iJ,Llo J-i-lJ-. i-Uw- iU.__^| ciLbJ SJJSUJI c^\Ji]yJi\ ^ el>^ "j-^^^ 
i5>.i^l ^1^1 ^^ ^ j,UJl ^ ^tJliJl J>J cJir i^l 5:>UJI of _/JL- 

.d>j^\ lift «^_ Ijly Ujlx^lj L^JLkJl oLkLJ 




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Griffith, G. T. The Mercenaries of the Hellenistic World. Groningen 1935 (reprint 
1968). 

Jones: Quarterly of the Department of Antiquity of Pales tine II (1933) 57. 



(2) 



. FW J Talaestina' l:>U J^\ (3) 



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c/^ t/ (jtr-"^' 'iy=') (J"^' (^ t/J'j JJ-^ ^L ei^- cJlS" ^,JUi iL>.^| iikJl 

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^> <> 'oi^'^U S-'l^l c^^ L^J V^ iJLkJl ^_, L^ KLL. cuJaJl 



^u^i ^uji ^j.*^ .1^ oy oLs- jjVi ^^>ji (.lo^ ^:jL djh ^1^ »ij. 

a->^^. cAj •((" -ti 241) (.U c^l <^j>^\ ^I ^^^j>wiJl Ujlu t((..ij 180 _ 204) 
Jj^ lSj^ W^^ ^j ! >ji^ j^j <^U=.j ^^1 J^ i:^ ^ ^ :u-S:>UL 



Lapp and Brett, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research. Nr. 171, pp. 8- 1 



55. 



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119 



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jj>o liJjb OLS* i.-waJ^l cLUi 01 '.^H^j . (LiJwij ^jj-^) ^^i'LLs J'Oj>«^ ^^^ ^j:is^ Ujj 
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St>L/:U ULS:^ -c^ JS\ <pU^I j! jUi)/l djp SjIj)/ li_;.^ 01^ J5^1 j\ ^^\ d\j 



j»_^L li^V oy> ^^Ul JSL4JI _ ;:^.JuJl ^\ yi LiUiliVl "oUJi Jlp C^I ^yi 






I A*>-jjJi iUiJi f»j^j^ i^uJ j^i* *ul 



120 



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(jliUil Jua' 37' 166 „ 200) y^jUJl ,*^csJ| c^ o^Uioli (4 ; 2 



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^^1^1 iiO^ ^ j^juji ^mi ^LkjVi j^ vj ^jji ijj. ^j^_ ^j 






Jilj A^ tC^^^^I J,_^) jji o^ S^^U^ cOikJl Lj^j t(j..^ 219) (.U L5:pj 
iJ>Jl hj>. J^ Uj>^ 4;l_^ ci^ 5> a^j .((..J 218) (.U ^^ JItiJi ^j ^ 

.!>UJl JJ 217 (.Lp ^j .(U._.) ^j^j (0L:^)"6^\,j (j^l j;) j^tj 

.^)/l |vfl:>b>-l SjUx^Ij iJLkJl jUiL 

^y IfJ^li- ^j ((..J 201) (.U (a^UJI Ijjj^\ ^^i) ^liJi ^u^Vl Iju 
cLUi J^j, ..o^ :ujU ^jU. OA.I ^1 s> iLiO. .Lii^L ;^yi^Ui ^ J'^}c^\ 

J .^y\ J ^l_pi oxJl J^l 3.U^ ^"^UJ ^^ ^ij iJu. 



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5^lj c:j^^I ^i ^ Uj 4^1 ^jl Jl vl>. ^ JU:^! c5^l ^L^ ij^^j 



^j^) "^J l5>^-^ (J^"j (J^l cl") J^b (oT^ f') Ijl^J ^j--' OJ-Jlj i^ljj^j 

ijjuju jiip-ij i^;~«uji ^>*JJ^ v^^j^ -^^ cijjj <-JU=^i f r^ ^?* '^^' 

^ (6:11) jLb >^ j^_ dUi Jlj c((..J 192-193) ^U ^j OJU ^ .i^Ji^l 



Lw^T L^j^ Lji oJl^l L....^jJua ^iJa-Lo ^y LijJLJl oljJJL) oo>-j-a S-^^j-A tiL>Jl 
Cp . c3 175 _ 187) ^1^1 JjLJl .iJUuJi JU 01^ JLii . Ja^_^l ^Vl ^1 ^^ 



Oir ^j^\ (o^>Jl) 5,>r^ ty ':jL«^>->- fLJ ^y^ bM"^ |^ ^^j -UU y^ ^'1 soj 



(«_. .j:>U. Jj>j . (4 _ 3 ^liJl ^<>^L5:JI >- jr^ J^j) o-^l J5;-frJ :>^j 









166 - 175) ^1^1 ^Ua:^l |,5:>- !> ^y UJb l^jL^ Aii iLfx^ ^UJI J»>i- J^ 



c ^^1 jyUJJ ^jJUl J^A::^-^! ^ U^^ jLi.S/l .-^ t^j-^^'J -^^'i (>*i' 

. ((. . J 142 _ 167) ^;iLj ^\)\ yJUajS/l ^ -.j^iJ loi^-j 




122 






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Juh ^Ul'yi J\ djjca \y[^ j.»l 01 ^l^j .Uuj U^ (H-^ ^^V ^.JJ 



124 



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i^LJl (^jlJliJl) s^;r^ Jj> c^\ dUii jis^ \jj.,.,^ ^i^iai j^ v_waJ^ ^LS- ^ 



<b-ljJi JjUc; .U15- ^^1 J5La '^ ^ :>y>j J\ js^^j .^ui jS\ (^>J1)J 







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^uk^ c3>^ o^ -»;>JI ^i gJL::^ ci^l cJl^j . (14 _ 1 1 : 5) ^>^LSUJl >^ ^"15 

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jL^Jx^VI Ol j^^ .((.1972 J 1971) ^U ^kJl J L^ ^ ^| jli'yi "^ ^^ 
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^JUI V.> LiUi ^ U c^ Ul^l i.Ul L_Jl^l ^ ?i_^l ^«^^ jJ\ OVI J- 

^^1 ^ jJu U JU oU ( JjVl AjJa-JLill UjS\ v^UJI c-i^I) 01 LdS 
a^JlSS ^UJI .u^ <jjU OL^ c5i!l ^Ijp. Jii ^JL!l eijT Lii^ ^.U. iSJu S_^JcvaJl 



130 



J^ oIjC_j^.j «lij^.j tjljUlj lOU^j tlL- ;_»iJ| cjLlj y, •^^j ;,^ ^^1 
Vj .(6:14) jUJ|^^L5UJl>^j (13:7 S42:2) j/^yi ^;^LSUJl >^ tAi. ^1 

^ <i\^j ;((.. J 165) (.U ^ Uj ^i ol^j cSj^j S^ UaS/I ;U5lkJ| ^j^l 



ol>iJ| ^x, ^^ U^ ^^_ dUij >UI ^Vl ^. (J <jI ^j ipU>Jl S.Li ^Sfl 

O-l^l ci>- ^ V' L^i" 5.lj>J (.UJI oUo-Vl i>^ ^^li^ J|^*>yi J5 ^ 
cc5>S/l vJ^-JiJl ^'|>J| xj, ajJL^ oUUJ j^ Li:u ^ li_^_ jL ^ 
i^U^ (^1 c^^b)) : J^L (48 _ 42:2) J/Vl ^LSUJl ^ ^^_ |Ju ^1j 

.N/>* jJiJj . j^ ;.^- ^U. l^^LiCi jOJiJl ^ L^ ,^\ \^^ ^_U| ^^^^^^^ ^j 
a- v^j ^_^b Ji^j .^^ jpVlj ^UJI > |^.j^|^ L_,SL^ ,_^\ 




ck^^l ^jly -uU^Ij Uii. Jl^ ^' .5l>^ LU. '^^1 ^J\ Jl l^ j^ ^ 

^ ^.^1 iji^ti . i>i u j^ ^ jj^i ^\^j suy I ij,_^u, ^^ . -^,^ ;^^ 

.((^uji jUi;i 6j. \^\^j u/ji ^j.jj ^'vi ^^j,l 






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rt-^*yi di__^! JlSLil J^>-l UJ[j dj^vs* '-^^— -J (oj-4-..>*j>-) (j! l5^ ^ f^LJUJl ^ -il^Aj 
^l ojLi;>U (»Ju^.:l.^I :)jJ ^\ ^1 ^^^j ct^iLSl J^^^Vl o\ j\ tSj-^-^x-Jl (JjUw) 



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. jJ>Jl ^ Ai^U o^Ull Jl ^" jLi^^^l dJJ: dl UJlp t(38 




'ul UAjI 1_^ Jj c j-^-l1!1 4jJi J'>li;>-1 jj^ JllJl J---VO JLp j;^^ jJ **^I 







^Vl AiLi jl_>-^l o! VI iLJ^LJl ^1^1 Jb ^_;Lp ,j^,\.^iJ'\ l^.p' ^J Ji\ 



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132 



.(61-36:4) JjVl Ocii^^l j^ ^jI _ '(i^_y^l jlp) ^^L 






^lj->- ljjJj>tJ L-Aj i JjjL'** 5^;^*-JLp /^ - ^j.u>-,iC!l A-o^^l JJLa 




VL^Vl v^^UJl c^^l ^VaJl l_jL^1 ^y (>:j^LCJI jLLwI 01 UJU 
. ^i U5LU ^^ L^l cMj^bU Li^j ^^^ U JUL jjtj ?^jLS-| ^ ^a^| 



^ ^ o^' >*J ^(^1^1 LJjI 0L> J^" ^I oL._^L ;5!>UJL <k>j .^^^ U IJuj 



JjS/l ^>^15U]I jL. ^ ^Li!l ^Uw^Vl ^. .L^ c>.»' r^J'^ ^L^^l ^^ 



l5>-I ^ ly uL^j^lj c4^^ ;y uri^^' '^J^, ^W i>H ^LiJl=>*j'j o'^Uu"! Jj 



jl ^^1 ^.--JJ L^o_p 4..>^w^ 'jj--"^! ^y- ^..^1 ,;j..<.^j ^LjoI^ ^_j_, L>_; 
(.^L OL.j^l (.Li Jl (32 _ 31 : 1) JjS/l ^>^KJI >^ _,^. L^ .oLIJwiVl 






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133 



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^ij oljUax;! J-i>.J ^ j_^L5CJl li__^_ ;u;L»j>- ^>C>J jvi-jj i(J>-l L^L ^y. 

jAUi ^ uxji ^ d.Aji ^u 5>_jj o^u .1^ ii__5^^ jyvi o>ji ^^^ 

ijuJ t((».c3 159) (.U ^^..K^l ^^^JOJl J5La jt JL^ l^S j^ aLij ^,...:;.pj 



6 



. ^_^l Alj\jU eJl5 L^l ji C J^ ^yl^^ ^ JU^/1 

jl ^1x531 ^\k^\ ^^ Jl UxuJi c^l_^l J,^ OJ Jy. fU ^Ij Jli^hj 
^ ^ lljUo cJl5 (JjVl ;uJaUAJl aJU^JI :UiLk)l u-j^l) 01 bli tOVl 



ipjUsLlJl t5^Vl 4Jj4lJlj ijJL^jjdl twAjljJaJl ^ JuJLjJI c..,^.,..^ ^v^..k.^..li ot _^^b7 

^yrj -^Lj^i L^ . l)Ij-^ 3-pL*j>-j OjI-^j-^JIj 0_^jX^I oLp'j_«->^-*JI JUj ^j 
Ljjj fj^<^-^^ U L^ I4J iv»UJl "LaLoU UjU^l oUU>Jl dJUd OlS" jlSj .((»^(j 165) 



134 



jJl^ ^ (27 » 24) oUUw?)/l ^j tJU:L«-Jl L^JiJ ^ ^J Ui^] (^JJl l^j 
i<^jj^^ i^\J\ \j}pj ^Lill Ijjp cJJl^" c Jj^/I il^j^ ^ L^ c5>Vl vLj^l 

Lg-ijIjJs *_iil>t-^ ^-^>x-w.*^l L^ uijJLwj Vj 4jJ^ Uu^^j Ldj^^jJaj ^;.*!Lp jr^Vl ^-^-v^j 



dU: ^ ,>J^^ OLSL- ^L;:^! ^JJI ^UiJlj ^LkJl (*L^NI Jl ^iU^VLj 
^UJlj jU^I ^j^'^\ 3M ^ jJ^. U ^ ^-U ;5>I J5LL. oJbrj c^^^l 
L^l ^^.Jix^ U^\ J (^LSUJI) li_H^, ^U^ J\ \j.^^\ ^_Ji\ ^\j2J>]\ d~ui\ oK^j 

jj-j liUi j»i.j .^ '<ji\juJ\ L^i^A^l oUj^^jj^l ^1 L^Lwulj jj-jlSCJl cjUU>- 

J.U. JjVl ^ji^^ ^y J-^ dl:U_^. ^-ir-^j d\ ui> UiSaj .>^l ^>J| J) 

152) (.U ^j>.JLl]| j!>l:^l iJLSO.1 d _^j L. y^j OlSUl XJ^" J^ ^ ; ajOj^L^ 






Jl L^^^j ,>Ja-Ji oUJsU^i ^ (J>Vl jL- L_.^l ^. Ji-Ij t^_^l :4^ ^ 
dUUJl LU. ib'ljj ^ '^^1 4^u cJU^j ^ Ujj cJl5 <.^ cJjJl ^ . <daL- 

. (.>pXvsu i3j^) <*--UwJ 



135 






^" ;-^y ^ >j <jS; 0L5LJI j^:>o- j^ ^ ii^Jl ;kUl ^ j.Ul (^^Ua^- 




>o- ^.y'L^I U>^| l^::^ OlJ ;(IJI^) ^ij^l .....Jjj ^^^J ^^^ ajI .^ ^ 






*^^ i>^>^-Jl J>^ (f -J 143) |.U -u-jji Jl cUi J^jj ci^lJUuJl l^yLJi\ 
j_. j^ JU^ yly ,_^ Uj oc^oliiLJl 2^j ^ LU., JA ^1^1 jv^Ll^ IjJ'V-^. 
l^->^ jjj^ .Ijj L. Jl ^ako- oU Jl 5^^l Ji ^ ,^_^ JbJLj ^j^^ 

u-.-^' fj^' J^J '^L^'^b ^^^' £L^' ^">^' '-^ L> =>^JI ^^J ■<>«JI 

. (49 _ 14 : 14) JjVl ^j^KJl >- >j1 „ JVI (,-^, !2^:>>^ 

^L.j_^l S.j>l_^Vl ol (23 _ 22: 15 J 15 : 15) JjS/l ^>^L5Ul J.. J 1^ 

L^^ c:J_^l SJjUl oLkLJl Ol UjI 1_^ US' , iUxw. <^U^ lij^ cii^l 
^^^Uaj Nl ^jLJt cLLUJ! *i>-j Li* . *j w»L>- L^Uj ^L^^^ jl-W'l J^^ ^c^^xXaj 0L«-*-^ 

^U^Lj ((•.cJ 142) (.U -Gt_^ l4ib>-l ^j ULj (^ (*t) ijlA^ L^j \.^\ C)l^ 



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136 



jU.^ o! jj^_ ^ ^ ^ oJL- ^! UjIjlI. l,jsr j\ U,jLJi\ SJI^JJ v.^l 
jjOJl ^^_j . [4:^ ^,^ Jl (42 _ 31 : 9) JjVl ^>^liUJl >- 





H^-l^ 0.0^1 ^UJI ^ 015 dij .((..o 104 _ 135) JjVl a-^l5^^ ^U_^l 
^> A^jLUJ oiji jUjI ^j A^l j_^ :l]|jI Jlp jilj U^ . ^ki cJu iu_^ 






L^i^Vl > L4JLSC. ^! .i^. p,I i^U. Jlp L,^ ^ J; c^^^J.^ 




J\ ; Oj^ ^.^ ^x- ^ J^j c (^gi J:) ^j^ J^ JLp UjU 




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(JJLp) >^ JliJi J^J^l^ sxio^ i^LJ jU^I ,^j^^ J^ uS/ uji 

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li^. oJ^U. Jl <A^ JUjL (^ . ^ 87 - 95) ^LiJl ^^.^. p-jiCL j.y 



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67 _ 76) \jj,^\ ^_^U AxUjt ^ISUJI S.U u..^ c^LJ ^Vl SUj A^j 



139 







U^r^j^ 0^ ^.^C-^^ uf^^' ^J^ ^^J yj ^tlH*^' lT-T'^' Ja-^ji Oij .^jL^i 



L^jiCJ t^_^JiJl VujM C^\ya]\ C^^ JU^ '^Ui Jwa^ U _^j t^-o-PXl i_j_^Ij ^UI 

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Maxabaois. 



.^UVl .U^i ^^ J^] _ ojuj. J^Sfl ^ (1) 

Bickerman, E. The God of the Maccabees. Leiden 1979, p. 90f. (2) 

.26_ 13:3 jyVlo-^5Ul>.^^| (3) 

A:2 ^J^\ ^j^\SiJ\ ji^ (4) 

(5) 

.41-33:9 JjVl^lSUl_^ _;ij| (6) 

.4-3:12 JjS/ 1 j^LSLJI^^^I (7) 

. (Anliquitates 13:223 f.)j 9 - 1 : 15 JjVl ^15LJ| >^ ^| (8) 

.31 -25: 15 jy-yi ^j^lOl yL^ (9) 

.{\0) ^j-^_j^\ J^\ (10) 

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141 



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U»-J :>^ rt-J (_5^lj to_^LJlj J-i>Jlj t^lj^j /»j^lj :>UJl;>-j Oj-^kP L^ pUw^L L^ia-j>T^j 

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<iy^ /.^U iw~^ ?-^ ^jJLp jiliJl _^ jL^JL>-Ml IJjb J-jlXo |_yij . AiiaJwJI jjjaj j_y 

5^k:^ J^ ^NjlU (^"yi ^^j d.^ Jj^^\ ^^^^^\ <:3U lij^. <-i=Ll« J_SLiJ 

^_^l J^lX:^-^! CUJJj Sjli)/I oJUs CU^JI UJIP ^j .j^f^J^I iliJ^ ik>^ 2^,Jw 

Jl UJi:J i^U- oLiJ ^Up iijbNl ((oU-tjL^^D) ^ ip_^*>^ Ji^il t^JJl ^^^ 

^j-^ ^jlc- - i-^ljl-Sl ^Ji\ (t-"^" 01 '~;--?«J Ol^ ^\j tj^Ja-^Jli ji>L>. t-ilxix^ aJsU,^ 










Westermann, W.L. and Hasenoehrl, E.S. Zenon Papyri. New York 1934. 



142 



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JJ,L^ ^ jl^ii^VL l^li ^^ ^^1 5^,^ ^^ li 



iitoVl ^yj .__,;^.~i:- ^y jH-^l (i-f^J p— I ji (v-f»-^l S_L;-L=Jl L^'Li^jX^ ljiiJ=^ij fLiJl 



|U5I) ^jUl Jt>li^^!l JjU l^^l jU ^1 jU. pUJI Jf^ iiki. ^i _U i!AJl 




(31 ; 1) JjS/l (.lVi jL^l >. 6l v^lj, c.^^ j^l ^ ^ISL- JL, . JluJi j_. 
^1 ^I <jL LoJi- o>Jl J^U^I (.L.I) A^l ^1 ^I ^ [^j J 

cLjbl ,>Ji.^ j.^^- Jl i>-UJ| oLiJ Ujj^j cj_^| ^ ii^^/ TtU-^ ^j 







C^«J .(15 ^j ^„>J| ^I) _ ^^ dUi ^ ^jt JJ.L^ ^>AJ (^.^ 4 _ 37) 
^ ^.jbl -.Lwl OJ15 ^1. . .^Ij^j Oj^j .UL>- ^1 ccJu .Lw^/I oi ^1^1 

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U t>Ui li*j .j.^ ,UiP^U ojl>j,| ^_ ^i 6'V ,_i^S/i ^^ ^^_^^ ^L,j^l 




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173 



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Antiquitates 5:2. 



Grabbe, Lester L., ^« Introduction to. . ., p. 63. 
Bellum 7:216; Vitae 422. 



(2) 
(3) 
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177 



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f^\j^ J^ C^ t-LJ UJSli ^yJl :iy JO. OL? tiUl OLSCJI yi y~._Hr ^)l 






^ .i:)b^l ^ :lJL^ Jl liJl Upl L^j . (f 135) (.U A^ S^wii S>3 L^ 1^15 

.^1 dUi ^j (f 161 - 138) ^j^_ o^j^j^'^ J^JjJl J>l^)'l 



178' 




:(((Ui.^^ jLJ)) ^J3^ jU 2L^j^) (jiL4|_^ 



Schiifer, P. Der Bar-Kochba Aufstand. Tubingen 1981, S. 48. (l) 

Green, W. S. Approaches to Ancient Judaism II. Chico 1980, p. 103-105. (2) 

Cassius Dio LXIX, 12,1. In Stern, M. Greek and Roman Authors. . . (3) 



179 



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LilL- CJL5 ^^ cJjl J .^%i\ J ,\J% ^'|>J|j oUlUI ^Ji-k^ LU^, 




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183 



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L;1 J^ oJjh IjjULi aJ J>.^ (_5JiJ! cJ__pi ^j .(^J\ dj:^^ y^^\) JliJi J-y^^ 

LK olj^kJlj oljLJij oUL>J'yij jUl oIa /^ IjjU^L^ J> ^Ujip:>U Ojjixvi-^ 

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f : J^. 'i;^J ^L^ ^.y. J-^ ^^. J^ ^Jl .^Ul'.!^. ^i : J;j|_, j;j| .^^^ 
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Sjjjli U^' :aJ JUj .LjVi ipU^ JL^I ^! ^1 U.j)) : JjliJi (1:9) ^UJI 



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JU ;-uUl ^{^ .LjVI ;^U^ OL? Lj«^j .^jVI ^, ^_^lj c JUJUJI Jl 

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-uJj jULj L> 5^Lp ^JJI ,U>o-s^ oL (20: 19) ^UJl J^'>w ^ ^y* j^Lii^^j 

l_^LS" ^L^'Vl ,^ 6l ^ (42 J .8 cl :4) ^LiJl iJj^LJl >-^ ^ Ja._, 
^><. \j_jJc^ j,-^ jv-i ol^j .olia-^l ^ Cjj-^i-^! Ij^^ (^' i_5^ SSJSj lOj^j^. 

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208 



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5 : 13) U^ >^ ^j ;(( . . . . hjA\ Ji ^_ J^j j.^ ^} ^ p5J.Uv=.l t^Ul 

c>j^ LiT* '^.^1 ^ I'-^j-^ ■ • • -c^^i "j-fj. L;!)) : Jj^i jojl; e^iJl (6 _ 



L5ai 3jj^lj jl^i^Vl Jl jLiJVl jl ^Loj^ co^j; ^>! ^^^ iJu 



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jv-~-L, Ij1I:j "l^^'lj 'tyj-s^ |t-^-^l fLSUJij -t^yy:- 4^.^l _^.JL^ Vj i<,_^_ 
. . .)) (10:9) ^j^ jy ^ .^^ 4jli ^Mlj .((aJ ^^ 4 .ijj i^jj j^i 

U Ujj . ((U^I ^1 hJ'VI .ILU? UUjI ijjUi c"^>aj ^^f^\ IjjJUj 
^ :jS/)) : JiUJij <^l J.,^, ^Ul ^i_J| ^ (7:2) ^U^^l ^ ^^ jj 

cs^>^- oi^\ i/L^ (iv^ : ^L5 ■ '^^ VUjvI cJuj=- ^ cJL>. ^l diL" . 

(1 :3) ^^ >, ^ ,y_ Lo dUATj i((^l^j ^jj ^U^j ^^_, ^Uj ^j^ 




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44 



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209 






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^J^y^-? t L^ Oj-<x-ij ij cj_^>ti4 y>c=>- 1^ Ijj^ t^jV f*-^*^ P"^-^ ^j^ '^ dj^i-^^jj 



w^j LiDi (10:3) l^ Jl^ jJoi. AJli y^lj .((U^^ 0^^" Nj ;^ Lj^ 



^ (9:2) ^Uw:.)!! ^^ ^i JU ^Ui S:>j Liy IJJ -((j^^*^ ^^jjl OJU . . . 

1 H .« H 

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^_^U yu. J SOjO^JI 4iJJl ^^Jjj ((o^J^\ ^J O/^^' ^J-^-J o^M' OjJ^^ 



Ll^ oLS^I Sjj__,^ ..-^U-Jl j_ypU:>-^l l^^UjNI J. SljjJl ^Lj\ ^^Ij oiJ 

(18-11 :8) JjSlI J^'j-ow:? j-i-- J..«->- U yhj *cJl J^^Oj Ij-iL? (i^l JL^_yJl r-j^ 
(3ji:^ oJjti)) : J ^U LiUi ?Tjbj /j-fl *Uj(.<kI.«^ jJj^j °jV^' r^j-^ uiUJiJ L^jU-fl u-ilt 



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tAjLi^l Sjjt:^^^ ^((o_H:: ^S-ten ^ t^X^V oj^;^l (^JJl JiUl ^ ^lii. 



jl t>j/:>-Ji p\J^\ cy "^^ J^ «^' '-'*^ L?'i^i d^r^ c5rJ^ J^^' '-^ -^y 2b/Jl iIjI (»-f^j i 



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210 



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jJI .u! .i^j . .U:VI IIa ^ ^JCiJl ^_,^ ^I ^sj '.t^ ^(( V.^l ^ ;i 



|V^U.I ^j.Ji>6 iUl5c>. j,JU; Jl cSljj>JI Aiyb U JLp tlj^pJu jjj ij>^ J^_p oUi 

-b>j 01 (_yjwkll ^y. (Ills' jii iSia.>i^ 4JLj |_^i (»-f'jj='.5 /'■^ (^i coiUulj aJ|_j>- iiLsCj 



j_^jjL.^_ iJLSCi 5jj^,-^l ^ Slj_jJl fLj! c-iSlj^ '^^^^^l jj-J^I ^LJl ^j53 
<J*^ A^ JiLiu L^-Ulj^j f.|j...wiJl ui_^, c JLUI J_>^ JiP (6: 14 J 24-23:2) 

I ((jUill ojUpI vi^J ^^"f ^. • ^j^ ^J JdUu UOi- 4i\:[j . . . . )) : J_jJL 

. (22 : 10) L.j1 jJl^ J ^sJ o^lj 7 : 4 L.j1 ^^ ai.^ ^ ^LkJl jl^VI ^Jix*. -coljj 

^^j^ J ^ '^-^)) : J>-J V^' c5^ cfl^^^l Jj.1 Uul oyu (2:3) UjIj 
^jVl J .^.>^ o_^- liU)) : JUi r.lj_^l i.i Jlp t J>, cU^ ajUI >L^I 



,«3^ J^)) : JJLUI (12 : 12) U.jI ^ o^.j U5 « . ((c^ J[ J^. >U^j 



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i^JJl >J| ^ (32:49) ^Uw.^1 ja:. .L^ ^jj^ dj^, ^ ,_^j jj^ JSCjio 



Jil^ L ^_^l Aj>^ J 1^ :^_^l ^ ^j)) (13:21) L^l >^ Jyj 
^AJI >JI ^ 29 : 49 ^Uw^^l ^ ^UJ ^^1 J^.,,^- U^ ^yu L.j\j 

• ((^^j ^\j^'^ ^^^j ^J^j (»-4->^j p4^Li- IjAi.-)) : JiUJlj, 4.wl J*>o 

wAJj L4J L^U^ ^^)) : JJUJI (32:49) UjI >^ ^ Uui aJu> >J ll*j 

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'* . ^y}\ oljy' ^y 1^ LsJ JSLiJ ^L53l_, ^1 Ol (7 : 60) L-JiJ ui^^ 
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n 



'((u^j^h tr'^b 0>U>JL tiJjUj 1^15- jIjlJ ^ 



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^ U4JI jLuJi (.bdlj cJudJi dUlJj c(22: 13) U^l ^ ^ Sjj^^lj ujUjlIIj 

.3:1 ^>U >^ J ^\iM\j c(13:34) UJiJ 

jL«J*yi ^b)) : Jji *;^/ (19-18:41) L^y iijy^ Aj>^\ jU^lj h^j 



^lu iU-LaJl j^-jS/lj fU lj^s^_ jJLi!i\ Jx>-Ij t*iijS/l iu-j J Cr^'-' ^'-'-^' <-*^ 



212 



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(11-10:4) ^LiJl J^j^^'>^j 1 (21-18: 8) SUiiJl yu^ .j[i}\ Slj^Jl ^_^j 

Uai,-^ dl J_jX, (27-22:3) ^_^liJ! J-Jj-^-^j . JjLi Jjli ^y jjl^ jb ^y> uijJL>w 

(^. ^ jjli jl SjL^I ^.^^ J_^. (10-8:27) jy^l J^'j-w. >- d\ VI t<.iUj 

'' . .LJlj JU_;| J:;S ^ J^ .1^ ji^hUJ Ijj 



^__^ -J^Uj'j ^liUj Lj-^'lS" jUp ^_^1 j_^_^ ^_^ JiJ SijjJl ol JU>Jj US' 
^^ . v-w- ^ clu^-^, t^JJl jj«. L_wi^l Olj tiiL^lj |._^| L^ij J^j ii,^ 

_^j J_^ J;.^ j^ j»^_^V 0^. ^Ayj)) : yUl 4iL5UJl Ji:u (8-1 : 18) ^_jSdl 



• '^'^^ i>^U JW-j <J^' l5^> ^J V^ ,«;^jj ■ jM' .r^ ly ^j^l v^ o-^W- 






Jlij 4.<kJJI (^yii ojU. jjl jv-*^l f^^La t^^ O^lu-J ^' fti^^Li L^ OjAi^ jj 



^^1 ^AJlj cUp^I L^^jJ^Ij ^^I jJJl ^ JL?1 yt>l} JUJI ^ ^^:;>^r :L^ 

LJj Jbj Jii-1 pi . <xi^- ^ ^_^li ^^UJl jj[ Lu-^ UjJ-j *>U^ JJ-U _^| ^ 

]^ji d[Sj L^j>Jl d:^ AjJL^ J\ oL^!>Ul .Ui)) : J^- ^1^ (8-1 : 19) ^^_^l 
. 'Ui'jjL- jUib^ ^LvaJl Jj (. U53j>-jt ^L^lj Ixoj Ui'JUp cuo |_jJl ^L. i t^o^ 

J.^ i^_ y^ij <JI VU ^_^ 1^ U^ ^li .'o^ ;;-Ul J Jj tV :*yui 
.Lo lyU)) : JJUJI (14:21) Lo^l >^ ^y^j '^((^^U 1^ i_;j.._, i^_, u^ 

. L^yJl ;iUi ui_^, OlS' UuiJ sljjjjJl ^_^ 01 t((f.UJ OlSLw L, jLlLaJU 

•^j-^^'j t(^l % j^) cil c[(^ ^ ^] Jl (8:30) ^J ji^ j^^ \j>~\j 

. itjiUl 0L5^ j^' (*-*J ^ j-^i ^ c5^ *uL/iJl rt^ 

SljjJi fLJl ^.i U J-& Fly>*-sJ| Jl t>^lj ijLSCJl 5jJ^;^| ^ L-iSj-Jl iJu 

0-s^ij>iL-Jl OJuJi jUju (14:8) ^^ Lij JLii .OJuJi ^ ^^^y±^ eii^ iUo-V 

li_^^ cuuj ;ljj^ l^j j^U- 1^ J..^l ^)) : JUJI J_^L iJJJl oV')^^ 



213 



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: J^UJl (6 : 11) jA-J-j-A yi-^ ^ Jj^ c^-i^b ^ (( • • • • (v-^j-s^a->- («-r^^ L^y^j 

(^J^ J-^^ ^ J^J ' ((i^HrCr^^-^ (H^„J (v-4^'jj' ^-^.J (^^ J* ^-^' J>-:ij)) 

SJjJl A^j ^ jj^yL^ *j:;1 La)) ; JjiJL /^Lv^'S/lj OjU^I ^^jcu (?J^l) L:jo (6:9) 
L^l Jl L^ .^j L^L, Jl!U)) JiUJIj ^Lwl J-o-^-i ^JJI >-Jl ^ (16:2) 

xJij-A ^ ^y j_^^ ^1i y\l\j .SjljJl J! S:)^l Jt ^-b jl5 ((L^ L-J^^U-lj 

.((... . f^L^l ^ j.^u5L-Lj p^lo_j^„ Ui)) (10:12) 

^ L^-vaju C-JjLo iiJL^^ <jJu>-jj oUUiJl jj^ P-^\ ^J-^ La (_y^ t JU^I ?t_^ 

. l^iP 2juyi oLdjLw lIILJ *^ 15 Olj t *-L^Nl (^ ,j^ 



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'.C^jL^^\S uU^jUl Ou Jo^l^t) o^\^ 



.23-20:5 U-iJ >-. J (^>! ol_^:> i3l> (I) 

.6-5:7 L.j\ J^ (2) 
.3-2 l^ L^j^ul .3-1:3 Uw. ^^I (3) 

.11-1:9 L.^iy^^I (4) 

:^ o^Ul^I (5) 

Bernhardt, K-B.: Nasirer. Theologische Realenzklopaedie, Sonderdruck Band XXIV 
Lieferung 1/2. Berlin, New York 1994. 

VJ c.^U'Vl ftJUjJ ^^^1 J^^Sfl ^ SA^lj <JL^ Jj^ J^J 'd^ d\j tc^jUaiiNl aU^o-'Vlj 



: JbJl 4L^ ^ (^JUl ^^_;^IaJ1 .^^Ul ^y Jlp ^ JsLiu xc^ lil^ ^ 

Nystroin, S. Beduinentum imd Jahwismns: eine soziologisch-religiongeschkhtliche unter- 
suchung zum Alien Testament. Lund 1946. 

.3-1:8 \^Jijk^ (7) 

.8:14L.j1 (8) 

.20:10 L*j1>^ (9) 

.1:9Uj1> (10) 

.2:31 \^j[jL. (U) 

.16:2 ^y. jk^ (12) 

.5:25 JLi>j 6:60 L^l Ubl ^1 (13) 

.32 t 29:49 L-jldUJLS- (14) 

U^j 9-8:2 Jj^^l J>J1 ^4-1: 21 ^UJl JJ>w ^11-1:14 jLiJI Jjjw> :Uut>;l (15) 

ol cij-- cr^- ^ J^ -^^1 <i>i^' J^ J^ ^JL^b ji=iJi -ojj_^^ {.^)/i ^>j .^>j| 



J^.- ^ ^iJ^A^Vt tjS3 ,^^ ^ _^^„ t^Iilj 4j::AiJ SA>-lj «:.> ^^^^ ij>; N ^5>-V 

.(murder) t^yJl ^» JxxJIj (kill) «^y^ytJiB JiSJl uJyJ JliJi 

.13 Jj^Jl il^b 24-15:19 sLsiaJlj 21-20:2 j^j>Jl ^ ^ j/:ti 4.13, ^Sflj (17) 

,15:13 ^6:9 ^7:8 ^7:5 ^3:4 <:S-^:2 ^jaUu} J^\ (18) 



215 



2ujLaa:ifi J\ ^o^jHi i>4 (3 : 4 






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Ol ^j^,j hjL^>l\ l^[j^j (j\sJ^\ .^olJJI) i!jJ^ j\ ij^ ^^Ldij luLT jv--bll 

^L L^L>Jl JUL v^jj t^ijU^j Ui'jl j-V ^J^ y^j ^jxJl yb^ u^^" 



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t^t t(3'^«^^l '^^ (y*J ^ij^-*^)" (jb>*Lj| i..j....^l) iIjA*j iLaJyi aJLw* iJbbj 



216 



J,! fj^ J^ iST-i VjH^i (-l^ij ^^1 Iv u^ u^^i ^\ ^yoJJi ^>,j 







Jl^ ^L ,^. ^j AJL53L ikJ^ t((a.*yi Jj)) ^ dUu tcJir 5^ AiV ^jl Jlp 
s^. ^L-I JX^- ^\j ^1 ^ iDJ^i sijU^i I^ ^ Ji:, ol Jl^^/I ^ 



^j .(.^yi :)L /I; Laj .^u J o^u V j^i. . . ju-jij j^i ^'i^ ^ i^_ L. 



IjviJi /;.. J--AI 



217 



Wl ur^^" ur^^ '^iJuNr oUJi "oUJi jSUl ^"^1 ^j_^l ^ U^j ^I^JlJIj 



Lvflji (5-^ '^^^ c^^JlJI j_o A_LLk-<Jl oljL«^! jjb j_^jjJl j^pj>tLjj y&_j-=r 01 i-^r>^ 



^ -yi /Y-fiJi lA-A Oj^j •^^^'~::^J <S^ ^'-^J Ljtjl L^[j 1. ^.^-^---j-tJ JjL>JIj a.;_«juJI 



5_Lvail L^ULpV Jiojuj tti^^L^lj jJUJI j;^ (^^ j^b- ^j ^_^^ ^t-^I....--J^j 



^ jji i^..=.>ji V jiiJi j^ ^ .;uIs:ji ^„^^ sij^i ^^ .i^^j^ j^ u.;ij 

. ^y^ i-^l ^-^ ^j <■ »^4- lyJ : l^!^ ^^^' ^)) : c^^* <8 : 2) L.jl 

. ((aJ >uiJ N *J1 ^Ijj Ij^ij J^l fv---^ Ij^" ^W^'^'j ^uHj-^''^^ (»-^--^" ^li^^ij 

0^, J^„ OLo^ll ^i ^)) : JJUJI (2-1:8) L^jl y^ ^ jj^ Oi^l ll^j 

. . . .L^^/l (.Ul^j ^J^^iJl cUij:.j aJUJj ^Ui^j li.H^„ il^ (-Lli^ -IJj^^' 

rt_p-j jLf- lL,y b^ Jj ^y a: V j |>^^i ^/ . . . . j-*i-Uj ,_^~<^.iJJ L^ 

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SjJ^L dy^, UjUjj .^U (t^jjb ^^-^^ ^Jti^ ^J^. ui-^l- • • • Ji^^l 

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^ :_j^l j^^^ ^ cAA^\ o^j ^.^1 e-J^' ^ ^^ ^-^ (H^^pj 



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A^\ Jl Jjjai\ <^\^ OJL5 -^[^j^] ^J^iGl 5.^ d\ o-j (33-26) oUO^I 



V^-JJ^ J^J '^^> C^^ "hj^ 2lj^| i_^"j ^ (115) i^ <Sl^ ^j JsCjL; 



^oi^ 015:^ <jL 015UJI Jl ^^-j tOi^l <^1 ^1 cU^ (6-1:3) r-j>Jl >- 



^^ ol5U. Ol::^! ^j^ ii.y V L^ . iUJi ^jl OpjJI JiJ>o ^. 
- (.^S/ (ijLx^l ^1 ^ t^^^o U yAj t (26-24: 4) ^j>Jl -oUI>J| (^^l^ 

<i>UJb ((._^S/ Slj^l ^l O^j) Jl ^^_ (18-7: 15) ^,^1 yu. d\ ^%j 



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JUa. <jl J. c ^^..^ ^J I ^J Jj, ^^.^ V ^_^a^l ^Ulj t^3;:Jl y^\ JLu^L 



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^j cL^ ^jl M ^-U^-j ^'U^^ J ^Ju^\ lit)) : JiUJi (22:5) ^U-^Vl 
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: JLJl ^^..ik!! IJu* ^y ,>- ijJi^ iiyn ^JJj c^L,-^' o^ 




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E 

Neusner, J. From PoUtica to Piety: The Making of Pharisaic \ ^\Jl^\ *-j>-^^_«Jl \^ \ \ (2) 
Religion. New Jersey 1973, p. 67-80. 

Healer , Thcrapeutae. (3) 

1 

Pliny Natural History. Transated by H. Rackham. Loeb Classical Library. (4) 
Cambridge (MA), London 1979^. 

j\ UUl j^ ^UJl 6^1 J cj^ ^"IS ^Vl ,y^ t5>L Li^Uj,.^! C.I4J Xi^ N (5) 












Scribes, grammateus. 



Sicarii. 
Heroidianoi. 



.XJL>JI JL^l ^ Sj/Ul 



Zealots. 

NazarenoSj Nazoraios. 



237 



(6) 



Liihrmann, D. "Die Pharisaer und die Schriftgelehrten im Markusevangclium." (7) 
ZNW1% (1987) 169-85. 



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(9) 



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.sebomenos ton theon jl (15) 

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.ISBE JUI ^^1 ^ proselyte "oU "^^ >;! (17) 

Therapeutae. (18) 

Hennecke, E. Neutestamentaliche Apokryphen in deutscher Ubersetzung, Hrsg. von (19) 
Wilhelm Schneemelcher, Band I&II, Berlin 1961. 



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250 



:(4jJ3^I Sj:^j) ^j4ua\^ 







Knuiss, S. "Talmiitiische Nachriclilcii iibi^r Arnbicn." ZDMO 70 (1916). 

^\ l:^LJ\ ^ JjVl U^> ^ Up liilLl U L^Ij J^l l5^Ij ^..^^ ^ L:> jj.,.xiJl jl 

J^^" J^ ^Ij;^ c j_>,^l p_f-'j c/^J 'V^l ^y->r ^^^^ -j' ^-«--l' j>^V! j^ (3) 

Cioclbey, A. 11. 77r' Lo.st I'ribcs. a Myth - siif^^iwiionx towards rewriting Hebrew His- 
tory. Durham 1930, p. 185. 




(Jrabhc, I.. An Intvodudiuti.,., p. 21. 

Thomson, Th. 'rhc Early History. . . p. 419. 



(5) 
(fO 

.'v-j^i V^'' J-^ J <1L-J1 >l (7) 

Vcrncs, M.: Precis dliistoire juive depuis las. ori^ines jusqu'a I'epoque pcrsane (Paris, (8) 
1889), pp. 586-97. Ronan, Vl\ Histoire du peuple d' Israel. IV (Paris, 1893), pp. 96-106. 
Torrey, C.C: The Composition and Mistorical Value of Hzra - Nchcmiah (BZAW, 2; 
Giesscn. 1896); idem, Ezra Studies (Chicago, 1910). Noldcckc, T.: "Zur Frage dcr 
GcschichllichkciL dcr Urkundcn im Esra-Buchc", DLZ 45 (1924), cols. 1849-56, 
Molscher, G.: Geschichte der israelitischen und jiidischen Religion (Gicsscn, 1992), pp. 
140-41. Smith, N.H.: 'The Historical Books', Old Testament and Modern Study (cd, 
\\.V\. Rowley; Oxibrd, 1951), p. 1 13. Loisy, A.; La religion dlsrael (Paris, 1933-\ pp. 
27-28. Garbini, G.; History and Ideology in Ancient Israel. London 1988, pp. 151-69. 
J5L] ^jj\ Jj p-gJAx J)) Ij^P -Jl hu^ ilpli^. ^U! (.U. J^^ ^! b\ li* -li>-^^ (9) 

Salibi, K. The Historicity of Biblical Israel - Studies in I and 2 Samuel. :^^ I t ■ \ \ 

London 1998, pp. 230-43. 

Shakcd, Shaul: Iranian Influence on Judaism: First Century BCE to Second Century (10) 
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Ebendii n. lOfV 



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Jla jtwixjj .<^l-^! ^Jl <V^ ^ ^-^ lT^-^ tSlj^^l v'j^ Cr^ 




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<lp s^jlJl ^^.o-Mi^lj ^j^l/(>_^l ^y:- 23 tjjj^l y^ '^j\JiA x^ 



j^yr ^*i:>l::i-l :>yrj ^% <L^ >Jl ^ -^ ;5>- 



^.>uJl Jlp (19:23) ^Jai^l U^^" JLlJl J,^ Jlp L^j cSOjJj^ .Lki^l l^-^l 
^j tl^;^ oU; iLiSLJl Ji^ 5jUw ^ ajI^I SjL. ^yi ^i LiUi J-)^j)) i^jl^l 

<Ju5^l Ji^ ^ jik. <;i j^^ Uj t(jj^) ^o^L l^itJjjj If^y^l j^Ul SjL^V' ^1-^^ 



J-Vl j! Ui> UJ^ tOj,;^ (t^l (l^O-o) J\j^\ ^J^\ Jj^ ji^H ^^^ O^l c> 



-^ 



JX.J .(^) ^>Jt Jl ([.y^] / y^) >JUI -ojLi^l sb! Ij> ^M >T Ik^ 
SJ.JL^ oLIjj ^ ^^ ^1 ol o^- ^1 iijJ^lj iij^l a^l^l Jl d^\ 



j^l jA djj~^ ol ^y.^1 >^ ^ (2 : 23) ^L>^)/l V JJu ^^Ul cJji\ Jj 

jju, L. Jl* vl>^ i«A; j^l <:! Jip -u^^. (18: 13) ^.j>icJl >- a! Ji>J c^ 



j^^ ^Uo (^_^1 jAiiU)) : JUl iillA J_^, <S kj^, -^y^ p-l Sjj^L ^ 



. Jijl" II*j ; ib-^l ,ji«-U JJi^l J:iJi' ^^ W^l ^.•^' ^j^ ' 



259 



-i -^ 







JL^I J^^ J^ (15: 14) ^_^. ^ :)! i^j ;[0j^^] Jl jl <J1 SjLiNi L^ 
LjJli-jl ci^ (jl ^^ LU>^. U. ^jJ^j c^ ^^ ikJ_^l ^5>Vl oLliUJl ^ 



(jU^I ^jl) <lLJ ^ .^^^ ;lj_^l <J1 jpj ^ oj^- ^i (15) ^Uw=>>l i.lj J 






l^jl 4_<^l ,j,<aJ^^ S_i__^ ^ ^.A^ l-j-* (»-*j-!l i^J-S' i>^ '±jX>^. 'y ^ylJl iLjLJ 



L4J bj^ ^1 ^jMl Ja.y. (16 : 15) ^.^1 >, WL' .[djj^l y^ 4 ^_^lj 

J_^. cUulj .(23) ^1>^VI ^ l^hi^ >J ^ SjLil ^j .^.V^L .b> .^I Lj 



;y <U>o ciUij ,_^l j^j-s^ ^>; bjyu^ liX cJl^" Ujl ^jiJ,| ^_^1 oL __^S/I 



.^.^1 >, ^ (15) ^1>^>U (^a-IiJl ^\ j^j cUr-I ^1 ,Ly. ^j j._^| 

JjU-- jW^' jij-H (j^' LT* Lf-oUJl ^y. i-Ja^Jl (l)j^.j I (15) qUwj)/! ivoi ^yp 

J-.<i>,j j,J y.1 |_j1p A-ioj^' V"^ i^Usi-l __^ *j>Vl t-ia^Jl L.I .LjIjjj" L-jl5 -diSCJl 

• [j>-3 oJjAJI (_;^ Lf^ lJ\- J-^J iili::it/> tyjviJ ^ J^'^ ^' 

Ol tiy iob>Jl c^./^' / f^^ »is-*^b <v»UJl ;jL5UJI jLxpVI ^yuo ^y;Jbv-T 



260 



. 



J-wa:>o^ <JjU^ ^ \jj>- Jiij (^JLJI (5-3 : 23) jjjiCJl ^ ^_^ ^^' 5.0^^ 



^ Oj^s:; o! v^„ J^l^ ^ ^L^ c^^ ^ Jl ^j^. ^1^ ^jj a^^ ^^^ 

'^ tdJbu^ ^y:il UjjJ J-viil ^_^ tliia-w.^ cJl 0L4JI Jj>-j cUj-^ V^^^^' :^;^li ^v-a^I 



^j^iJ^aW dJUi aJU. ^JUI j^l ^l^i^Nlj ^^UizL^Nl ^j^l ^ li^>UaJlj .^1 ji_3 






1 »■" 

•j_P ^^ A2j <i\jj!i\ i-iJLA jL LpUk^l ^_^kju C0> jJ:9lJLj jl t^^yaJJ ijwUUlJl i.>^^| 



jLjlpI y.__^ V^ljL- v^jl i^^iJi" ^ (23) ^1 ^ ;;lj_pi iJL^I ^_™. Ot LU 

U.^*-*.^ ...,)) ! Jj-^^ ^jLuj ''^^ (1/^ (H-^J^ O-^ '^ aSCJUJ jt-^ i_JLU (^AJI /f-^y} 






A t £ fr 



;^ jASxII j^l y^j c jv^ Iwj L;> L^l a:/ o^ ji;. J 






261 



fr 0- 



^J jl dLi Vj . (cJl j^Jl Js^j) : aJ ^y, ^^ U y.j .^_aJl <uj_^j ^JLol 



v-^ r^! '^y ^^ ^'-^ "^j^-? ^f^^J^ 'U^j^j ^-^ *cjL5L^ p_u ^ jLs iJub 

■ '^-^^•^^^ ^LaI JUL ^_^^j ^^^ d\ ^jSUj 



jOSu. jL5 -oV cu^ ^ ^ l_>,^^ ^_ jj IJU ^^1 oL >JuJl Uul L^ 



UJ ,v4^ i-> J LAl^^ U>- :)15 _^j . OL^I ^y s.^^ d\Sj iUJl ^_^ j_p^ 
jii; ttiyJJij ^„JJI ><kJI ^\.J^ .j,-^ <i^j3 ^aJ ^ji h^ <^ Jlp |_jii|j 

.UAi uis;:. (.dis:. ji^) si^^i ^i^i ,_, ^^ ^-^^^ -^i^ ^ j_^^_ 

jl JLj^MI ;JL^ L^jloSj E|j_jJ| ^_^ ^^ ^^|_^ ^ j^ L. Jl iJU^bj 
(19:28) ^^.^1 y^ ^y Sll. ^i ^>oj U^L^:;^! <>^j UJiJ i^j c^y U Jl^ 

^Ul jl5LJl JP (J,l J)/l o^) ^1 c(J.j ci^) j^N/1 jJO,! .J..^|/^^i^_ jl 



.-^ («^. c^) jl (^L c^) ^1 olSUJl LLUi Jp jlk jl ^_y^l 
Ji^j-P (-"'^1 cj^ J-s^l o^ (29-22:32) ^,^1 yu. «l> jL >Jl: U5 



^^J t^Ul (J.I) (.UJI (^^!l ^1 od^- J. ^^yUCr' ^^^^1 "^— ^' "^ ([J^j--] 



SljjJl <Jl Jji Jill (3-2:6) ^y>^\ yuJi . AjIoJI X^ a^ ix.«:u ^;^ J <ul «wi^" 

^>l jji 0^^ l/^^. ^'j ci'-^ J^-1 <^^ Vj^j (>--'b f^^'"^ -^T^ L:!)) : <J 

:ilaj-l 6lj ^JuJJ ^j. ^s/7> ic^l (24) fj-*^ j-i-^ tj^ AJli j-^j Lfl j^j . ^^^^-Ja-^JLiJ 



262 



^ (14:24) ^Uw^l J ^yJ ^j-~uJl (»>IS3I dUi ^yj io_^ lja^_ ^J J^L^Vl 



• (("J*! b-V^lj (^..r^ i/J j^' j^ </ ^J^ (^-V^ u^-iJl ^^1 



^1 ^,^_ ^JJI (49-47: 12) ^U^VI ^y. >.T bL^JLx-.! UL" ^^2^J [^] ;^_^i 






J^^V 0^- SJ^Ij <^^^ .aJL^L V ;.iJJ J^j -o^y^l J-^^ Oj^.j ^clpU^ 

1 o 

ci^^^) cj^l t.^^^^ >r3 ,;:^c^l ^^-^y ^ .((jvi^x^^ [j^>-j^] ^Ax^l [^] j;jujj 



. a 



Jri 



JJ-oJl) ^_y]l [^,>^ __^] J_^ LAjiJi ia_^l i*^^! JjJ ^/.^\ ^ ^j 



ul aJU- ^j .(^^^kjl^) ,>^ (JijJl cJjUl) U ,_^- Ol ^. V [_;>^] -o>Jl 
Ur *;^/ J^LS- J^ ^^.jJ! ol_^i>^ ^1 juAi v(vi>) ^^ [j^] i^ji^l i_^viUl 

0^" sa^lj i~^)) : J_^ -o^LuJl lu^l ^_^- cj^ U Jl iiU)/bj 

DUU^-I l^j ajI N jJj . Ji.^1 u^. Cr* o-^ c U JLiJj; J_^ UU tl,^ 6bkJl 



263 



J 'iji^j^l i/H 6-° cy'j'^' J-*' J^ i^^^^l A^jU-^ j>^,.>.^ j^,^^ jjLx^l oL 
U4JL'j cOiiiJl ^jU c!;! Oji ^ oj^„ SiUl J^ t^JUl j^jJl U4)jl t^i-^' 




Si^l Jl 4.^ oi'^^^J dl^^^^^^. Uti^^yj «lj>Jl *iy^ o^ ^vaitJ Ji^ 

* Jio liiJi (53-23:8) JjS/l iJ_^! ^ ^ LiJUo IjUj Ct5>uj.] ^$1 (LJliJi 
CjiJ^lj Jj.^l ^ oU^^ V^^.:^. :jI 51j^! <JN ^UJl Jii. ^jj| (43-37) 

: JbJl Jy, 



11:115 n2:25 ^23 ^22 us _^l>Jlj U6:6 ^^ i5>^ J jv-fJl jLi^ij t(^_pi 



.Ob^Ml ,^-^ 



264 



^U^ jl .Lj jl ^_^ ^yVl ^ ^a^ liLj 37)) 



t J^ jl ^1^ jl jU 



y. J 



A* t4 1 



O-JI IJJ. ^ A.^! Ik^L ^j^j ^1 JL^ 




39 



'\^LI. jlSCo oljU^ll 



jip| 



J 



cAJi ^ U S^^j .Up ._^ ^1^ J5 LJU^ ^I^ 




t^t ^_,^ ^^^^ ^^ *Jj^j ^^1 ^V^ 

.iLwl J^V SO^ ^^1 ^ ^"1 ^ 

^t-t>.-^ cJl 43 




265 



[(5j5Lft] jy' JjVl ^JilJI ^J LijJ.>^_ (^jJl ^^^1 JL^ ^y„_J, Sj^ ^_^L; Jj-^5.J 







jLLi ^yw- ^r-a:^ -oV ^yi-J^" -kii ^yUJl oIa ^ i_^-AiJl ^ vi^l Elj^xll ^LJj^ 
^ ^ cj^ O^' ^-^^^y ^J^" "^^ V^J ^i (_5^J • ^.^ ur^ ' L^^' ^^ Cr^ 

jij _ J.^UJI , (8-3 : 56) L^l >_. loJj Ul j^l ^j.^1 ^yi^ A^U^ j^jJl 



^JJ^-JI ^L!j .o^i ^Ja^^ N LJuI LwI .el^LJlj ^^1 ^ i_^ OjhSCj Lwlj Ul>- 



^\ IJ4J LJ^ iJL^ ^ ^ . (^^j^l / ^^>) Jl [^51^] i^^\ \j^y LcJllp 



.LjI Ol J.U ^ ^ L^ .1^ ^ j^^l <1^ ^y ^Uij oU^>^ Jl ^1 SjU! 01 1 



. jj*.ik!l IJLa Ij^jLp ^^Jb-jJl l-J53| 



266 



^\ji\ Cr" "^^-^ 0^ V (>^ Mi^^^D) iJu hy. J\ ^yci\ IKJl^ a:>-1^ bJli 

oLpj-<*j>^ 6L>o" ^H'-=^:il "-^^yj ij^i^^^ Vi^ oU-IrJ JiJ ^yz..,,!^^ ^y2:]\ life oi U> 

^^1 SbS/ L-ij:.^ ((_rL^) Cy "^^ ^V^ J^' "^-r^ "-^J cj-i>^' o^' *^^ Uo-rS 
.UjVIj J-.VI i-U-j^l y^ ^% c(.JLiJVl / Jl^l) ,>J^ ((^^) y. ^yJl 






L^-ll Ljj jl II* L^ S£y l^j . aJI ^j>.xJI jI yia:^^l ^^1 ! J^!>Ui J^J 



;a^I>J| [ojj] .l^y^lj >^ ^ (12-10:2) ^l>^;yi Jlp jJo:^. <u-|i ^^Ij 

o^ >*">; r--^ '-*>^^ ty»->-^ eiJaU; c«il L4JI J^_ cUj>. t^^_ yj jjb sj^ ^^^t 



Jl -»r^- ((">*:! ^L«^ J V-^c^ jl ur^A Lr'=^^ c>-^- ^)) ^J-'^l (3-1:23) ^^1 yu. \ 



t^t toj^ ^1 J a^\J\ J^ V>^ -^j^ ^yrj y^ >-T ^l> tj^t (^LiJl *^ c^>fj 



^ Ai^l ^j>^ sij^l M bj^ .^^^ u. slj^l .U l^iyw jj ^1 <.J^^\ ^UiJl jij 



.:ojJl oUUo-V! 



267 



^ M •• •• v-' "■ 

^J^l ii^-^j c[^^ / _^] vij>Jl s^>Jl ^>J .1^ (({[^.^ i/^-j]} 



^ :>loLS' iSyrI o^Uj .... UjLo ^^ ^ ,_.^ Ji o^^j iljJ^ ^Jj dL-lj 






r^JJ '(^l-^^) ^1>JI »•!* J> C^jSi t[<i_^] vljj^l S:>><JL] J^^lj jc^^^waJl 

.('^AiO::^ L;lj dij^ J l^ ^Jsrj ^) ; J| iJu>J| ^^- JUL 






^1 ^Ujl ^1 oL JjiJi (5 : 1 ) L^jl >^ Ji:.^ JllJl J_. ^^ . iujJj oL^iiJ 

: jLdl Jji 24-18: 19 L^l yL^ .jjj,\j ^_^^ l^j ;i5>Vl ^y^\ ^ 
^j\ Ja^jj ojj^J ^1« l}j^__ ^y^\ Sl'i Jij . Ujl>-^J JUL ^j....,^\ ;;jXo "'oJ--^ 



b\ jw-l^l ^j .<^iUJL. jyM_ aJlj |AJJ| diJip UJp l_^_^; b\j ljJ«l JUi lj*JL.l Op (.Jul^U 

Sj>- o^ (157) i.Vl ui^j JuP jJoi. o-li y>i\j . ^\j:^\ Ijjji ^.Ul ^^.Sis. ^ ;j^'^\ 



268 



tJJ-il ^i p:t.r^^ cy J^-> ^J^- fJ^' ^i c^J -(H-l V:^^^^^— :tJ ^ -^Jl dj.^jj 

\ '■ I- 



(( 



: JLJI ^<^l J.^>o ^111 >_!l ^ (10-9:3) ^U^>1 ^ 1^ cL^ sl^^i j^j 

, (Uj^^ ^L j^ l^jj L^ Ul^ J\ ^y^\ J^ Jb^ jV)) 



cr'J 



: J^l ^LDI (.lS"! jU.1 >^ 0- <9 : 15) ^U-^Vl ^ 1^ d^ ^ij^ ooju^l 

^j-'-^ Cyj ^5-^j p^Jyl ^y (».f^ [p^..r?^] CH.-i^^lj Ot^'L^j Iij4i JS' ,ju<k:>-j)) 

cL^^ oUJ^" jij 0^1 ^^l ^ijxJVl IjlJ ^.JUI UJlj c.j^. s^Lx. Iji^l ^.JJI 

^^^ ut^J t#f '(f-ci 868 _ (..J 908) (lU ^y 50x^1 5^1 J li_^^ ^^iU- 4^\ 



sb_^l ^^^^ Jl _,^- Lfrjl ^^ ^5^1 ^_^ ;^u. J\ oS/l JJzx: Ol JJj 



■ 

JiP^I j^Vl .-iJij j^_aA!l -LjjJl oL _^Ul juUl ^ cC^yJLif^ / j>a::u^) i_p-j. 
J..^l 01 (29:32) y._^l y^ J_^_ JliJi J_. Jbu .<il:;^ o^U- J^ il'^jOl 

Jx« __^ I,U.l s^u J^ i]^j}]j ii^ iJUjJi :isauJI ^\ (25: 15) JjVl ii^Ul 









269 



M ^Om-^ JiJl'J-ihJ- t»*V ^^ K-i 



^ Jju (J.-^l) j^^l oL ^lyii^fl ^^1 U^:^! ^ oj^. llfjj '\(l : 12) 



18 



. iiia 4jj| 4_pUj?- 




15/14 J> jjA^\ (^^jj^\ -V^) /i; c5^l >-!> I-J^ Cy *^27:9) ^Ut-^)Jli . :>^LJl 

ciV- Cy ^IjJ' O^J • (( • • • • (-f:r^ [(vi>l^] Oc-^^^' J^ J^J (*-^-L-^ ci^J 

^jjij^gJuJl (^l tOjiJJ>-Jl ^ ^V^ ^Uj^t tf*-^^ f>-i>^] Jj-^^ Jjj-s^ai^l (1)1 ^_;t^I 



t 19 



5j^U^ "o^"^'" [(t^-^>^] a:y>>W t>^ >H >-^' ^' c5^ -U^ J^j-^wcJl ;^^ 







iwa^l Ol J\ .Nl ^ V^^ AijU Jl SjLi)U Uulj li^^^ jLiL. Jl^ aJNaJU 

. J..^l j^^/l J^ JUL J>.j tcJjl ^ J 

: JLJI J>j (17 : 8) ^ >^ . Jjs- Ojwt^ li o-tJj V-^ ii^UJ Uu^ Iwl 






:.j^^ ^1 ^U::i-Vl Jj^l ^^uu ^^y^ isSi\ L/j y^ ^ ^*(41 :2) ^L^^Nl Jj 



. (j^cJl) rt-^L UaJ- UU- i-J^ ' 



270 



JJ ^liJl Oj^l J c^J^\ ^\ (JjVl 4,,:lJ^_UJ| <AaS/I AjjlkJl ^^1) 5^ 1 



„ 1 



°J^. Ji ^Jji^ t(H^] jj-iu:^ [j^j] li-^lj)) :JulS<L^ ,^[S ^ hi{^ 

oj.^ Jl =_^_ ol j^rJ.^ Lilk^^ c:u5L.j .[^] sUi J IjjLs^j (»_jJl dUi ^ 
^ ^^1 i5^^" ^^Jl ^ a>..^l 4.0^1 i^^l i^^l ^ ^^ . ((4J1 ^^jl 

CjSi>^\ > ^ < JliJl J-^ >u . J.15 JS^ jL^Sfl ^^1 c^Ul ^1 .Lk^Vl 



Pf 



^--ii >*j I [J] ^1 '~iy^_ La «_^_^ LjJ*'^ (^_o^) ^>~" [(^] V'bj^l 5i>.Jl 



^1 ^JiiJl U=ry- Uxi^ ,_^j iiyuM (^jlUxJI ^1 IJLa J_^ ^l^ ^ . Lj_^ 






j.Ji.l^„ ^1 d\ i5^ "' ■ (2^?^) .^--w Slj^l ^ 5i^.jJuJl [^] ^US3l ^ j^ 



Ia 01 (^1 . S-bO^I (H^-XO^ ^^^Ij S^JL ^_Xi^\ .U Jl _^- L^^" sj^ 



U^jJ Uul ijjxjj J. t L_w>o ^..ix^ ijsry^ ^\ "^ ^ J\ j^,^ ^JaUl 

. ^.a^l (^ Jix^ _,^L l^_^_ Oi ijjjju^ ^l 
x]\ JlJb >- ^ (34: 11) ^UwVl ^ ^.ox^ ^>.I oljLil U >^j 



V^ jj^ p^j^ .JcLj %}i \J djjjl ,H^:-^j)) : JIJI cbu^y Jij .J^. 



[j^\ ^\ ^ \jj^\ Oj^j^ y.j^% i^viiJl Ol j.^^ ^y.Jj '" . ((J^U > 



AJUJ 



Mxi-D) (2:9) \j^ yL^ Jji 01 JLIJI J^. ^ .^LkJl L^lj liLxp] oL 



^L i>.y. ^Ul >VI ^LsaJ 4_; U ^Vl IJLA jiTjij .^.jU! j>Jl UjjUj 



:aj1 .lwI ^>*^. ^1]| >^| ^ (27-23: 13) ^U^^l i I JJ .1^ cU^ ^! 

^Uyj cj\^j^j oL^jXil .LJ I^L, ^.JUl "^.ij^l ci^jj (.L^^l cOL" J)) 



I f^ 1 

(31) ^xJl ^ ^ LJy> iJU> J^'^,r^l -^^^-^J 5lj^l 2jy^ ^ju- j>JL>^^ US' 



(?IJ_,.J^| ^siUxJVl) ^bS3l c-ilUJI ^ t 



271 



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■■ .-'JJ\-^ 7'l "l M^ >^"l^ t»" 



sl^l ^^1 ^ cujI jj . . . db\j^\ ljjl>^ c^> lit?)) (15-10:21) ^.jJuJl 



L^J^ Ji-j; ^ . . . . L^ L^-«^ c-jU ^^"j . . . <>-jj d\i lfl^\j ojj^l 4L^^j>- 

d\S [^j[ d\ ^jy^\ fj^j . ^LUJ <^^ iJL^ oJlS" ^J>~'^\ L-^j-xJLJI ^j rt-^JLo 

^„iJb^ aJ Ju«ii^ (^Ul /»jJlj ^3^ '>-<*--*'l J-*->^i ti-j^l ^^^i-Jl ^ 10-9:3 r-lj>i:-s^)Jl 



jLl!l Ji^l J l^j\ji\ Jj._^l ^ ;^^l .U^^^l J^ ol ,^ ^i ol 




I **< 




■ ''^^^ ui'-^ V O^jP^ |H— il Ij^l^ (*-4^j (H^j^J Ji^-r^l 

^yrj ^ T^y ^-^-^ .^t-AAlL JLiip-*^! ^^ 9-Uw^l J^^jj-^ dJJJiS'j tL)lx>Jl a-c-jLw 

^__^ t^^JLx^l j\ ^i:.x^-*JU i>^l_jJl oljLi^Jl oJiA u-jlxSJl .^LJiP J>U>»; JiSj 
cJI_y:pNl Ol IjJuxpI (^1 jJui .^liS3l L-^lkiJl J^j^ (v^lUuI ^Ui-l c^^ ^^ 

^yrj J^ ^LaII v^m^I 5>JI J dKJL^ oIzpI oLUp Jl ^^ ^^^JOll jl^I (1)1 



272 



•.((jLLlGtiflj f^lOuA^l) ^\^ 



^1 ^„^S^I ^^l (t^l J-^1 j-A 11a oI ^jJlj y^J^\ ^j . (Soujourner) 4jjJl>J^Lj (2) 
.(j:;::^^ ^ti-^) l^^ proselyte, convert ^^^Jl>J^Ij ^:i\jij t (proselytos) aJ\^jJ\ ^J (4) 

14 

^Jda-^dL-^Jl I ..^ )1 jLjJi->JI x^-«Jl "^-^j-j Lo-^* .phoboumenos ton theon LJUj-JI ^j (5) 
j_yJI Oj-Ij l_.w^)) J^Lj ^Jikva^l ^ \j^[jC^\ l^^jj^l A>»*jJl f^y^jiA 01 Vj cproselyt 



OS 



.15:23 ^ J^l^^ - ((^Li^l 
^ UJ A^^^lj c J^UJI 13: 15 ^„_j5:iJl j^ tAl^ UJJ.J tS:,_^iJJ ^^^JLJJl j\ ^SJ^\ ^b (6) 

^jL dj^ eilLJ .[^] v-> <^^ LJLp (0)^1" :(»^'y J>.j)) : jut c^U:5Ui ^1 

. ThWAT J l^] l:>[. ^\ (7) 

.^^^1 ^ ^^ jjj U^ ^ LiiU; U Oir f^l^l 01> J>^" >JI Ijj^ ^ 120 

. 1988' bxl ,JU\ jli c(JJl_^l ._^ jl^lj slj_^l LU>.) (10) 



Jl S;._^L bMy h>^ ^ ^UJI ^^„j tiki- L^ t((. . .Uj_^ J-^l J wliv JJ^J 

. Jl^VI Jflj_^l jUiS3l ^l Ir^y Ojli (12) 

f« tt M 

x^- y 43 J 39 ^^^^oJoJl J ;>jljl ((^UL5^ IS^ oljU^I t^*^" cjlj)) J^l b\ jA-j (13) 

!^^, ^ ^_,.s.a>Jl ol J^jJl ^ ^^^j ^yJl ^^1 J V- ^ (t_r^l) 

• «a=^'^l» Ji-^1 o^ a' ^^ c^l (15) 

/y^JLAll ^^1' S^'Ul A^^l J (16) 

: JU! v^bS^l S:.Ui oJ> ^>^ J^\ (17) 

Sachsse, E. D/e Bedeutung des Namens Israel - Eine quellenkritische Untersuchung 
(Inauguraldissertation). Bonn 1910. 

ThWAT J [Ji^j^\l 3.iU o^- ^^ Slj^l lJJ^^- U^ Jj>. >j1 (18) 






. ^^ *^L li^ 015L* i;;*^ j^^sl^j 



273 



:>j^\ ^> OV \:>j^_ ^J^\ eilL- j^^l ^ ^ jUj. . . .)) : JUl A^^l ^^1 J_^- (20) 

.15:2 ^Uw.^1 iJu^Vl ^Ij^l ^1 ^ (21) 

(^1 ^>u. (.^1 JLUi ^)) : Jbil j^\ Js. ^\ ^j^ {^^x^\ ^•^S) ^ i^^l ii_JI (22) 

.((^1 

.2:23 Jll-1 >^ ^ '>b. (23) 

. Iki- y>j t ((j.4> OjJl:^^^ p_fri^ ^ ^Ul ^ _^ ^^j 

.Iki- IJuj c(i^l) tS-LwuJl ^j-OdJl ^^1 J (25) 

.24-18:19 L^jIj^ j^\ (26) 

.((o^^ j^L ^ \jj^jJ IJu a1^ J\ ^y^\ J_p-I l^u>^ jN)) : JiUJlj (27) 

.A^Wl ollil JL^ ;JNdil o^j jJl A._^l ;.^1 A^l ^0^1 ^j .(^) J. (28) 



274 



O^ta^lj Oi^Ju^l Jaloi^l (2 : 7 



U^j-^ ijy^^ *jaiJi J^l ol J^^L; d>l\ j:^ ^\:l> ^y ^Jl ULs^j U ^^a^iJ] 



^.^-g^ ol Jj-i; ^U: Ijuj Uilj t<,_,--..>J ^^!j4cJ^ ty-^-^-^ -^J^i^ ^"^ ^-^^ J^" 



c I ^ 



i>w:^ ol^^N/l J^ J^i.^1 J^ l^J ,_^j ^\ ^jiJJl ^j-.:^ u,:^-^- 



jy li^U-il j,l U^J>• l>..^_ cil^'>U L-U Lls^ uUiJi ^^^1 jy^yi oUo-Vl .olJU 






lio-^ _^] ((jj^l c^Aip)) Jl ^ij^\ ^,jlI! ^I_^I ,_!? ^^^- .1^ -j^^iuu^l 






^JJlj ([_^ ^;J^] - (^oiJl JJju^)) ^^clk^ ;iij>_,.JlJ| ^^l ti^U^UJl olil::5:j| 






yljj ^^s. ^j 'icj^;t:^\ ((^UjI)) ^ UJ L^Ji: 6j.;^. ^.Ulj U[|,^ ^.^. / 



^ v-dili^ ^^lk^»j jt-fij_^ '-rt-^J (^Xslpj j»_f^lJj> J^j-^Li; ^yp oUjJUj 

(>■ Aj^j-*^*-- t^l 't:;^^ ^y 'ojA^JI j^^I ^ (16: 13) JUpI ^ ^^^ U5 






275 









tdii") ti^_HJl x^jJL Aij^o^^ U Jl I^I>Jl t^JUl ^>^Mi oUU^ (^_^l (j^^) 
olj t(L-jjJl j-ijLi>-)j i (!)^_^iJj:^«-Jl t:>^_^^l ^ oU'j-o.^>^ cl^tAi (_ylJl JuaJI ^UI 

.pIjVI 

Jj^^l jJjJ J;^ <h>i^l ^>Ji-li J^ <^ljJl AJjLJ CJuU J (i^ P-U) ^ AjJjJ 



Jl ,>.^^j -u^ Jjt.1 (jv^^j y^ ^ji\ lJIAj Uj. . . .)) (1)1^ ajIj tKjUj^D) 

iojUaJl Jl 0ljLi)/l oJla HjIUjj Ai^jii otjLs^l Jjc^ fjl^^J P-U.-^ u-o^jJl 

(28 : 10) JL^I J^ *>lL. L^^j cL^ oJ}> :>y_ e?>-' i^Wl a^>-^ cr'j^Jj^ 



oLSlfl J Jji Jj->^JI L_^>J (j^ J-^ (26: 13) JUj:^! jJl^ (J3 .(?ji-j) ^^^^j-Jl 

t L-j^l l)j-Hii (jjJJl t>* f»-5v«-fl l)j^^I>cJI L^I bj trt-A^l ^bjl L) t Jj>"i L)) ; j^jjoJI 

.^i ^ ^1 5jLi>i JUL jj>^, Nj ;SL^i «^J 



276 



A^ o^ J -^^j. .UJL J^^l ^^ ^Li Jl (4: 17) JUpI yL^^^US 



^\ j^_ 4j| j_jlo Oj^;-sajj fLJj^yi ^;y. SiJ^>^ h:-_y„.j>^ ^_^ JX; ^jLk.,a_<. (^_;Jl 



Ai^\) Jl (43: 13) JU^I >- J 0.0^1 0^1 s^Lil ^U c(.U JsCiu ^;^a:uJl 
wJji,ji-wl (i-jjJl ^'U-) ^,^^^1 u! 11a j_^Xaj (jl i3jj j^ _ ;;>^;JL/. ipL^ <u ij-AL. 



^1>^)^I ^ (29-1) oL^^l j! |J*UJ| ^Jjj jij ^jlJ^LJI So^I oUU^I ^L 



^LiJl ^__^ iU.1 ^ h^^ jLf- tijUJi jji:. ^_^j . JUj.| J^ ^ jlj^ , jwUJi 



: JUI J.'UJlj i5:>UJI ^i ^1 ^^ ^ ^iLj .u 



V :(3_jJjJ tSji-Ml u_j^ Ijii-lj li_rtJ ,»^1 0^ Sj^U^ cJjij (1 )) 

"lT^^ a:r^J (-«—; C^y (2 . '^^_^ ixj^ J^ (v::i::ii>-l lil Nj jvi;j ^-^ 
Cy ^-^j^j ^.^y.j cr^y. -^^waj jl J^ ljA..*::^li . jjjLi JIJb>-j ^^li- Llj_^j 



t^jju.! ,_i-i- Oj^~^! (S^L.) j.<^ ^Ij IJi^ IjjLi:^! L..^! j.-^^^ 

rfri ^^^--J ,»^jjl Jl IJs^j UJU (4 .1^ 5>-Vl r-JJ \djL>''^\ 





U^.^^ (5 ■ (H->.l J^ ^ji\ ^syr^\ U J^ ^j^^U t q^Ij J.^1j 

Ot .^^.' : Jlij ^,,^,JJI ^1, J^ ,,Ui u- J^ o^.-^l a^>Jl 

■ O^J^ i-Jj-ij IJiJUJ ll)_>l« Vl 

(.U J.> Jlo^ J^j (7 . iJL^I .JLA ^ __^ ^jr^lj J-^l ,--«:>-li (6 

J L ei^. ^iJl ^^Ij (8 . 1_^3,j SjLiJi ^tA^ ^ ^ ^sii ^_^ 

Ui (9 tU VJ l-'i' ^J^l ^j_;i ^ ._^ji ij,.^ oU-j JLp op tujJiJi 

^1 0^^" liLUi (10 .6U,>L ^Ji > _^ . .^ ^ j^^j l:^ J^ 



■ (^X;J' j;:^) ^rf J' h^S^\ Jt \ 



111 



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i ! i-ft JLwj )o>-jLw (16 
: ^Jl^jlJI ^jb ^^>^ ^^ 

iA.lS" IJJJJ xls^ j^jJl ^^l Jjij U iJUh 



(. . 






(jjjJx-Jl Olj^^xJlj ^>!lj ^-— >t-Jl ("ijws^'i/l T^'Li) ^ \yCJL^^ (jl rt-fJl 




j^ 0-" r^l '-^-5*^ cK'^' (j^ ^' L^*-^ (24 : j*>U t ^:^^^J^J '^„jj-^j 



^\ 



(29 i-o JU N La ^1 JUj^Vi ^ (via^^ V ol Uj ^j ^JLill j-j^li (28 
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r*"'***^' f' y**i. t3c^^ ^^ ^ 4.* ^ .d^i 1 



278 



liSai pUi* L^ jXkj ^\j rAj^j..„.s^\ <,1a o! ^I ^ ,y^_ US' .JU>.^| 



Uii)) 



j^ ^^ u -r-^j ujbi ^^^ i_^ l^'>iJi ^Lij j^ ij..^ oL o'yi ^^1 ij^^ 



Uj!>Jj:-1 ^;^L>^I iyry, cJy^ °lj>^' "J^ LijL- oLJi t^JUl Ulj jj_jj ll&j ^{(jJU^ 



279 



:(^^^J4-^(J (^^lillUil tJiUjual) j^^iual^jfii 



.7:18 cI7 ^4:17 ^14: 16 i50 c43 l26:13 \21 ^2:10 JLu^l _^ U.1 ^1 (1) 
^ l^^\ ^1111 J^ ^VjU f^Nl 11a ..^_v- Ikk. ^_P Lu^ t(<iJl) ^^1 -^1 ^ (2) 

^IJ UV i>-^lj jj»Vl 0_j5:j- ^^ j>Jt ^^^j t^^>lxi«Vl JU JuxiJI jt _)wJl ^ Li-u 



;j_^ :uJ ^ ^j^ L^-^ 



1^ i>\ ^j 



j^l 




/a. (J ^1 ^/l iCJLs^S!! J^)il) (^L I4JI jUlj U S^Uj r*^\}i\ L^L 




sebomenos ton theon. 



t3tll:115 cl2:25 t24:22 



^%* i20:135 t4:118 t3tll:115 cl2:25 t24:22 ^>Jl >^ LjJi ^ 

.(^1 ^U^) ^^l ^^1 ^ 



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.Z^^^* j^ proselyte SjU ^ ^1 

. proselyton 
^ b^w» Ol bj^ .loudaia J\}^\ ^^ ^.>; y,j ;(i;:^_HJl) (-=ri^l c5iyJl o>^' yi < 



J^\l ^U^l ^1 ^j '^1 ^jju^. 






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1) 
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280 






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.IfjJl jl LuiJ ^Xp p-Pj i(jJL^ ^O-^i^ tOj-j-fl) ^^^Iaj [f^jj-:*-] V^Ij^Ljj „ [^c_4^l 












• (lP^O c>-^ lj:^'i ^^J ' (j^.) ./-^ ij-rl y^j iyrl ^-IkvxJl ^ 




St 






^^i.;.^; SjLi^i J^ LL^ lL Lj^ ^'^^ j>^l-Jl t>^i J^ ^ JiCJL. x^l cL-iJ>Jl 









l-^ ^H>^r^>JI oLiixJl ,>^ 4iUl c> ^^J^ L,^ .(^JUJl ^l^ai) ^ LjiP .;:^l i^ 



281 



_^i - _ niK-y^A\ iTi \Hn:-A --1- L-vflf^i- i~ir| ^J■_-^ ^ ^,' — 






J^- oJIj ,[^y yrl - 'p.^1 v^iy^'' J^ ^yr-'i ^.j^^ - (( ■ ■ 



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UJl ^Xj^_Jl)) A_i! ^j/L^Jl ^^ ^! i^_a^| ^_yJ 



t^U c((^lj^l Ji.-b ^ ^JJI V:.>Jlj)) 10:20 ^j>Jl ^ J_j^_ U-Ll^ 

^laicJl (3alju4 (2^2:7 

;JU. ^ d tj\J6 ^ j.iU L-^ : Jli (:i':>LJJ 310 aIj^ J1_^ - y^Sfl) U-1 






'W (>rj ck'^ cil^":/! si^l o^ljl lilj t{L^ ^lj>lL J j^^<^„ 





-ui-Jr (^iis'j-" A^l j^woj jJ:^ ji t {*eulku tJUJ*^l -^ /;5^ i^^ (j'} -^J-LJl 



^ ^L-J!} iJLft J->.1 ^j)) : JJUJl 22-20:9 JjVl il^JuJl ^J_^ ^ 



Struck, H. L. und Billerbeck, P. Kommentar zum neuen Testament aus Talmud und 
Midrasch. Munchen 1926^^. 



282 



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jOi. ^j tjUl^ ^J ^ j.^^j^\j C^^y>^\j J^Jj^\j oi::;^^ OlriJJ-^^^ 



jx^^ ^j)) : J5UJI 27-25 : 17 jW! ^jU\ >. ^ ^_^> ^ - :>^'^^1 ^ 

■■^^^ J^ • (*-fi "-^^-^ '■^j-'i p-f:^^ «>4^. J-jti tiJl^J" (-4^15! ^il-^ (^ «>fJ 

l_^jl ijjJ:-! iJJJu Jlii .jv-jj cu5l:3 bj-w! (t-^-it oj-^j J-^-jU tjj^jVl >iiL" 



jbjL^I Sjj^^ lj_<JU. j^.JJI) (.t^U-Vl j-i:.:!^ dUl5j c((^jVl dils 



y^ o^ JJJ .-ij^Jl t-.-^ lji>«J (>d-iJI - j:r-"'j ij^iy >2:i»^j tCli^ij^Jl 
r^ -ull J^j J^j J^ J5 ^j ^.A.j ox. jr ^j)) : JJUJI 17 : 8 _;^t 

Jy) ^\J\ JLi : (j">LJJ 250 ^U. Jl_j>-) L-_^ ^ J^^-v:" oj J^'-'l (-ii-UJl 

,U l.,^^ \jyJ,J h^_^\ Ijilpl ^_JLl| ^^1 ;([^. j^] (i_p| 

Lvj cy. M f^L^I JL; :(^ 3- ,V i U i_^" / 61 tuj65 t4 [^j-Lj]) 

OtA-JJ 225 (.U Jlj^) L^>A cli-UJl ^ ^>UJ tOt>UiJ 330 (>Lp Jlj^) 



.((^ V-i-^l J^ *^^L^ -^^^ ii^" '^)) ■J^\ 23:21 i^l >^ (^) 



: JbJl 10:21 ^liJl J^'_,^ >. {J) JJ ^L^i j^Vl ^.JU; ^j-^^j 



OLUl,;^ 17 ^js^j OL-J 16 ^>. iaLv. o^ (vli>Jl ,^1) 1^1 t^^- L5 i^^j. 




U .1^ .^-jl ^^^\ ^iJI _^ U) : ^ SjUl JU .i^ { Jjl ^.y:j} 



} c(l24 (.Lu^l 5iU / [«jj o_^]) >:! _ [^jj> ^.yr] l>UJ-- o^i^ "l--" 



283 






^_^.^1 LiiUl Uai . '^jHwrJl J:^ ^t^ a::^ Jj^Ij JjLi ^£iL^ ^1 



u.^l ^^ J^ s^ f^-^m Jjl^ JjLi ^j ;OL^^l :,^. J^.^l 



^^^^ ^ ^j)) : J^^UJl 17-16:2 ^UJl ^lVi jl^l >- >! - ^^oi^l 

.((JUJI J^ ^\y a5U iu..j ^^1 ;i%^j t J^l ^ SjUc^ ^U^ 

: (,l,yj i^y. ^IjO^ ^ 22 : 23 ^^^^ Jj> 645 /l [^j^^ -k^J) 



g[ *^, (Oio . {^>ikJl Jij ?A-JI ^ j*l-kll Lij\^ cr- u-5^ c^^} 



." ^ 



- a:-.^ .jLiJ i>Jl3 i^jikJl Jij 0^1 ^ J5-IJI o.^ c-ixiPl ^ : JjilL 

t^Ul ^.ydl «>-:; tLJ^U L;lj->- IjKl- V)) : JiUll 21 : 14 i^l ji^ OjLi 

^Ju^ lib)) : JJLUl 22 : 23 ^j^! >- .IjjLi - {._^. 6_^} ^i ^ 



LAi>)) : J^'UJI ^JlJI >^ Ojli - (.50^ ^Ij -^l^j ^Jl ji^\ ^\ 0J4-. JU 
: JUj ft^^ Jil ^_^y tija>Jj .((.... Oj^v^j OjJ^L* • • • • J^^^^^j 



cj-^l V^ (5^^' ^ 'uh^ 



,C^ 148' 8 ^ ^Jip / [^VJ y^]) J^' l;>=^' '^^ >^' 



'J^,iS^ ^ 



284 



t^l>fljaa^ (3c2;7 

: JUI .^1 > ([ 



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J-...>^ Ii5:^j :('105' 18 ^-^1 UJl ^_^- / [,^j , L jo^]) 



JUJI 




^^1 ^>WI o- oi^^l JUJtVl 



1^ J-^U i.jji\ ^j ^jjj^\ ^ ,LJl ._^L. : Li 






^ .Nj^j .(5:44) U«^l ^ _ ((^>u ^L .u^ ,^^*^.j)) s:^j^\^\ 
L^l >^ _ (('»_^ Ul' :«a. ^ ..^ iJiij)) c^i ^j\^\ juit 

^SjUjai I^^L^j tj.Uj j.>Jl |_^^- ^_U| jLiiCIl ^ .'^y.j I (5; 44) 
jja.^_^l ^ .^y^j ;(5:44) L^l >. _ ((.,:^^ j..,,^_ J-^^L^j)) 

■ ^ir'y^ ^rj-" l5j~t-1 M ^\ iii^ 



285 



aljUoJl Liili. / LjjJI ^U. (4 1 2 : 7 



J>' 



iu^l ^^1 ^ JJUJI (6 : 5) ^liJl (.L;^I jU.1 ^ ^. i^;.^^! :Li^ , 

. JU::S3| ^1 J :>j\j}\ > (^^1 j^_ ^_JlJ|) ^JUaJl 



_ X^^l 0^. ^.JUI) ^Jik^ (^jc^^^:^! ^Uii) JIp Ju^I j^\ ji^\j U5 



JU-^I yu. ^ AXJi}\ oIa cJ^ Aij .26 il6: 13 i22 i2: 10 JL^I ^ :Ai>. _^1 

j_^l 7:18j 14:16 JU_pI ^ jLil Uj^ i^(^^JLocuJl) jv-'L, 17 ^4:17j 50:13 
J\ SjLiI 43: 13 JU^I >. J x^y_ iJu Jl <iU>Lj ^(v>J o^.-V^^O (^^ 

iwJ \ „^ i 1 ) 4Pj-*J>t-a j^l (10 !2 Oj^l -U^) 'UJj-*' ^_^ ir^J-r^"^ (J^J-^H jL^b 

(US') j,-^ ljii-1 j.-^ ''oi:i^Hi ^J^- ^ oi^^J ' '^V^' ^y^. oi^^ ir:?'^'^^^'^ 






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:lJbJl JliJl J^ Jip l^j ^l^Ul cijl^l ^y ^^1 ^Jk^Jl 



286 



. 



(.U Jl_^ ^) JA^ oL^lj ^^_^s. (.li-UJlj jljbJl (.1^1>JI UjL^ii 



90 









\jy.Ji3 ^ : jUj (oljU_Jl .-^^U-) ^\ Cjj^- tpJi^l ^_^L UjL^ 






cJlij aJJ Co^-L>Jj, ca:^ LuXf ^! cJli- a^jj ^ .^LJ 'a....^ ^JJ^ 



^j^\ ,^r-^ fj-V- L^-^^j tdJj JjbjLi ?{L^ c5j^=^} L^"l-^ dXL^ 



\.fj> C-^ ^1 .UaJlj ^_^1 ^JJ^ Up L^ ^ CJ_^.vi^lj (.j^Jl -^J. 



Ij^ l^_jA,*j>iJ <^j_«^l f-UJLa •t>i-Lj'^ ^J-^ IJuJdil '^--^yj Uj-tLiJ 



8 t 



<^Jtr^:r-^ ^J^' ^^?r^^ l^ «^^^>^ L- IJUj :('u->10l' 20:22 [*.clX-]) 




t(L;l aj^ ifijj ^^ u^jiSCj illij) ^ti-Wj j-AiiA-i. p-A f^Vjjhj t(L^_^l^^ rt-^Lj 

^^>j! {.r^l} j^^ :(i/r'a-JLi i^- / 25 cl74t3 iLU / [4Jl>^]) 

j^j till! V-rlJ ^^-^1 : Jl^ '^i ^\J\ (;^ Ujh^j 'u^^. J-^ J-*-^ 
: JL c(^ 300) j>^1 ^ Jj^,.^ (.li^UJl .^^.^1^ J.,^ J^ yL. Aji ^ 




: JU j] l^j .L^^ ^^ jj u-j^ji^l ^1 (>^. ^i (D^ c V^ ^u^l' 



287 



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JUS jj^ Uaipj . (48 : 12) ^j>Jl yu. „ ((0>:^ ^ JiL N ^^1 JI^- 






Ujop : JU *o1 0:>LJlJ 270 f^U ^J\j^) jljUJI /^U-UJI //> Su; t((. 300 



.Ol::^! ^jU d)! ^^/>^ (J^lS* j:::^) 

L .^ 1_jJlU)) : (1 98' 29 / 22 ^l>Jl ^ ^IjX. / [j^" ^jJU]) 



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J.IJ.UJ1 .(^^^^a::^^! ^UjI) til - (oljU-Jl ^U-) ^^ .N>a :(:»!>LJlJ 250 



iUlS^I fiJu U J^ liUj .... ((VJl-IS" /jJc:;ju*) (Ji - ([J-Wa-* (Syr'] 



,l^\ J.L^Vl U ^j ..^ 5 . 11 ?(24:22) ^IjJl >v. „ ((^j^. ^-J^ J^ L.)) 
^;^Uj k^ l;ub :ij../r5.Jl : jU (a 325) i>--Li| j^U-UJl .24:22 ^Ij-Jl yu*> 



L* .^.s-aJ^I ^((J-.-^l ^ ^^i W ^ ljjc^>^l)) ^O^^^Ulj <^^l ^ 






288 



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. C^ 17' 28 ^ ^^^^ / U^j c^^^]) U^^/ >jI 

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li^)) : (».^ Jli cLUii-j .29:33 I^l>--((v-^ (t^^Cr^ -Ji-^l 




J:^ o^j t((p-^Ls^l Oj^^j .... 0^^ tlj^^ l^^li" \Kjtj)) 33 : 17 Jldl 

.J. jj^]) i('i 148' 8 [.L^j ^.Uj]) j (^.ju^.^ ..^ / [|»^__^]) U.1 >jl 

.(36 iljUU (.li-UJi o_^I / [^ ^ji ^^^])j '(18 j^l Ul ^,ai- / [.(^j 




289 



-.(l-IjJI ^iljLi-) jL<i\^ 



oi poboumcnoi 
roboumenoi ton theon 



scbomenoi ton theon 
oi scbomenoi proselutoi 
oi scbomenoi proselutoi 
oi scbomenoi proselutoi 



(1) 

(2) 
.(<JJl djs^^ ^_lil) ^^1 -.^^^\ j^j I scbomenoi (3) 

(4) 
(5) 
(6) 

(7) 
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. Vr^l .if; i_^-.«Jl J\ oydl ^ j,J (9) 



,>^ ^([oy^-^:-:^|] (<:Jj> '^^)) Jl,^cAi ci-iJl (10:11^ (II) 

.(20:135 J 11:115 424:22) ^IjJl >. '>li. ^! (12) 



290 



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V M «. ,4 

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J_^] Jl (1 .^-^a^jjl (.j^^-)j (u->L^jI cj^^") J SjLil iJLAj .((... .Jju^ 



^j (.Ijl .ilU ,_;l>. ojli oUaJ oiTj)) : jiUJi 3-1:5 ^^liJl iJjJUl >. >j1 

>IL; II* OLTj .(.Ij"^ 1^^ .^, ^ Ji^ ._^_ OV I.JL^ .XlP \^j^ \jyu. 



^-^^ jj^ jS' : If^j^ cJUi . 6UxJ i^ ,; -oi. ,v o..>^! ; ^Jcv' slxi 







([(j-U^ >>-] (li-J-MS cvlxjl 




338 (.U ^1^ 



1JI 



LJL) ' JaJi ijj ^ j_^...iiJlj i((ctiJ -L.^ iJ_^l ^L lij )) JjUJI (39:25) 






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Braude, W. G. /eiv/^/i Proselyting - In the First Five Centuries of the Common Era, 
The Age of the Tannaim and Amor aim. Providence 1940, p. 16. 



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Braudc, W. G. yc'wr.vA Proselyiirig. . . p. 26. 

Ebcnda. 

Ebcnda. 

Ebenda, p. 27. 

Ebcnda, p. 28. 

Ebenda, p. 28. 

Ebenda. 

Ebcnda. 

Ebenda. 

Ebenda, p. 29. 

Ebcnda. 

Ebcnda. 

Ebenda. 

Ebenda, p. 29f. 

Ebenda, p. 30. 

Ebenda. 

Ebenda, p. 3L 

Ebcnda. 



Ebenda, p. 33. 
Ebenda. 
Ebcnda, p. 34. 
Ebenda, 



(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(4) 
(5) 
(6) 
(7) 
(8) 
(9) 
(10) 

(11) 

(12) 

(13) 
(14) 
(15) 
(16) 
(17) 
(18) 

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.26:13 JUjpI Ju^ (20) 

(21) 
(22) 
(23) 
(24) 
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Braude, W. G. Jewish Proaelyting. . . p. 35. 



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(Kuhn, G. Dioskurides, De materia medica. j 4 Berlin 1906-07. II, 82, 2; IV, 153, 4) 

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.Ml 











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Symposia. Cambridge 1979, 

Wuthnow, H. Die semetischen M enschennamen in grieschiche Inschriften und 
Papyri des vorderen Orients. Leipzig 1 930. 

Yamaiachi, E. M. Pre-Christian Gnosticism: A Survey of the Proposed 
Evidences. Grand Rapids 1973. 

. Persia and the Bible. Grand Rapids 1990. 
Yohanan A. Das Land der Bibel. Neukirchen 1984. 

Young, R. White Mythologies: Writing History and the West. London 1990. 
Zacharia K. Historical Geography of the Bible. Leiden 1986. 

Ziegler, I. Der Kampf zwischen Judentum und Christentum in den ersten drei 
christhchen Jahrhmderten. Berlin 1907. 

Zyl von, A. H. The Moabites. Leiden 1 Qfin 



I 



A12 



O^J 




LUp U^ .^U J5L^ Ij_^l4 ^j t^l ^ Liw=ui; :.y^ ^JJI ^^Vl J^ [^ 
.^1 ^ Uuvai; wuJi v^^l u^ ^UJI ciLb _^i Jlp tOliloVl jOi tUuI 



475 



2u4aJi Cilc^^^lj ujUjjaJlj Ca^WI u^j^ 



AASOR 

AAT 
ADPV 

AJA 

AJS Review 

ANET 

ANGELOS 

ANRW 

AtiSt 

AH 

AOAT 

BA 

BAR 

BASOR 

BS 

BZAV 

CBQ 

CBQMS 

CE 

CMG 

CML 

CR 

CSCT 

DLZ 

EJ 

ERE 



Annual of the American School of Oriental Research 

Agypten und Altes Testament 

Abhandlung des deutschen Palastinavereins 

American Journal of Archaeology 

American Jewish Studies Review 

Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament 

Archiv Fiir neutetamentalische Zeitgeschichte und Kulturkundc 

Aufstieg und Niedergang der romischen Welt 

Anatolian Studies 

Anatomische Hefte 

Aite Orient und Altes Testament 

Biblical Archaeologist 

Biblical Archeology Review 

Bulletin of the American School of Oriental Research 

Bible Studies 

Beiheftc zur Zeitschrift fiir die alttestamentlichc Wissenschaft 

Catholic Biblical Quarterly 

Catholic Biblical Quarterly Monograph Series 

Catholic Encyclopedia 

Corpus medicorum Graecorum 

Corpus medieorum Latinorum 

Classical Review 

Columbia Studies in Classical Texts 

Deutsche Literaturzeitung 

Encyclopedia Judaica 

Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics 



477 



GJZWL 

HastERE 

HB 

HR 

HREBT 

HSCF 

HThR 

HUCA 

ISBE 



JAOS 
JBL 

JCS 

JE 

JFA 

JJS 
JL 

JNES 

JQR 

JR 

JRS 

JSJ 



JThS 
JWSTP 
MGO 
MGWJ 

NovT 

NSchHE 

NTS 

NYR 

PEQ 

PJ 



Geiger's Jiidische Zeitschrift fiir Wissenschaft und Leben 
Hasting's Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics 
Handbuch zum NT, herausgegeben von Hans Lietz-mann. 
History of Religions 

Hamburgers Real Encyclopadie fiir Bibel und Talmud 
Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 
The Harvard Theological Review 
Hebrew Union College Annual 

The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia in Four Volumes, 
Michigan 1986. 

Journal of the American Oriental Society 

Journal of Biblical Literature 

Journal of Cuneiform Studies 

Jewish Encyclopaedia 

Journal of Field Archaeology 

Journal of Jewish Studies 

Jiidisches Lexikon 

Journal of Near Eastern Studies 
Jewish Quarterly Review 
Journal of Religion 
Journal of Religious Studies 

Journal for the Study of Judaism in the Persian, Hellenistic and 
Roman Period 

Journal of Theological Studies 

Jewish Writings of the Second Temple Period 

Mediconrm Oraecorum opera 

Monatsschrift fiir Geschichte und Wissenschaft des Judentums 

Novum Testamentum 

New Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia 

New Testament Studies 

The New York Review 

Palestine Exploration Quarterly 

Palastina Jahrbuch 



478 



PW 



REJ 

REPThK 



SBLSCS 

SFSJH 

SHAJ 

SJLA 

SJOT 

StG 

TAPA 

ThBi 

ThLZ 

ThR 

ThW 

ThWAt 

ThWNT 

ThZ 

TSAJ 

UJE 

VT 

ZAH 

ZAW 

ZDPV 

ZMRW 

ZNW 

ZSTh 
ZThK 



Pauly-Wissowa Real-Encyclopadie der dassischen Altertumswis- 
senschafl. 

Revue des etudes juives 

A. Hauck, Realcncyklopadie fiir protcstantischc Thcologie unci 
Kirche 

, SBL Sources for Biblical Studies 

South Florida Studies in Jewish History 

Studies in the History and Antiquity of Jordan 

Studies in Judaism in Late Antiquity 

Scandanavian Journal of the Old Testament 

Studium Generale 

Transactions of the American Philological Association 

Theologische Blatter 

Theologische Literaturzeitung 

Theologische Rundschau 

Theologisches Worterbuch zum NT 

Theologisches Worterbuch zum alten Testament 

Theologisches Worterbuch zum Neuen Testament 

Theologische Zeitschrift 

Texte und Studien zum Antiken Judentum 

The Universal Jewish Encyclopedia 

Vetus Testamentum 

Zeitschrift fiir Althebraistik 

Zeitschrift fiir die aittestanientliche Wissenschaft 
Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palastinavereins 
Zeitschrift fiir Missionskunde und Religionswissenschaft 
Zeitschrift fiir die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft 
Zeitschrift fiir systematische Theologie 
Zeitschrift fiir Theologie und Kirche 



479 



f»!vU;yi t>u_>4^ 



2 



262-254 c239 .219 tl02 c92 c90 i63 i41 i40 (Jj>'^\ J^\) K^t^lj^p' ^J I ^y, 

256 tl96 tl90 1 189 j>i- ^ 

163 {jl^Afi. J\jj .Jj^) ^^1 ^j^J^y, 

76 jj-j 

242 {^j\i j>l^l) Jlill ^^y 

112 {^^Ji^\ ^yj>^\ tyjU-- -L>-l) ^j\:4 

97 Oyl^ 
194 (^1) ^jJLiJl U- 



83 (c>.>l r"^) 




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157 (^^1 .^ :;.!) ^j^L^j 

317 ^j*J<S>y.^j 

145 c 139 ^OiJt J^ i^ ^ - (Jj^l ^^l^^ ^D jyVl JjJa^j 

139 (^jbj jju-^t JJ>-) J^\ JjJa^j 

82 (^.»(1 o^^^O >^j 

35 gU^ ^Lp) Co!3 

81 .31 (Jjoijl jJu5L.^l aU>- fyy) b\jj 

163 (u-Ja^i) (by^„j 

235 (^^^1) ^j^^j 

239 t220 <92 t90 t64 (j^^l ^;;^) o>^ 

62 L>jj^>'j**' 



480 



195 (.gi / ^1) ^^^ 



160 (JjVl U>1 Ol ^Jjj 3^) ^^SSi ^y_^ 



208 jUp .aJJI jl^I 

185 oUp j^ uUJ^ 
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35 {^\zS (JLp) jUiCji ;;y 

41 t40 (^IjiS* jJU) .:, .0 cOUa.y 



149 (^^l ,^ J^j ^jyy:\ ^1) J.U3 



76 (^L«jj j>ljr-l) u^-jte^-^ lT-Jc^^ 

Hi 

339 ( jUjj ^Li) A^ljy. jS^ 

168 (^L-j^l t>Ja_li Jlj) ^jjj\3 
157 (JjS/1 .^ ^1 ^U:;! j^) ^^ 

109 (jJl:5L-^I j.iJi) ,_JJ 
168 1 156 (JI.JJ ti^SLav Jiili) ,_^XiJ 



107 (^jU j>l^l) ^j^ ^ ^^ 
107 '104(^jUj>l^l)^j, 



485 



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167 c76 (^'^jj j>l^l) NyJLS 

.337 (^jil ^l^) jljzJ 

338 ; 160 ( jUjj j>l^!) ^^.^j^ 

122 (,j^[^\ ^>U^ ^jjj eJbJl ^LkiVl ol) l^_^ 

337 1 150 (jJjlaJlj t-s^ tr'j::Jji 4iJLp _ _/-s^-« a-o^U>-) ^LJl l^_)J^ 

219 t97 c94 c28 c24 ,U^I JUi* 

32 (^15 ^b) o/ 

36 (^IxS" (JU) ^jJji. i^:. ^^^jji' 

(276 ^L.j jl ^ji^l ^ Ja.U) ^jJ^jj^ 

337 (^j^l ^) o'jj^j^ 

159 (^Uj^l Ajj_^ ^\j) ^J^JJ^ ^jA^^j^ 

37 - 35 t32 1 29 |>':>liil3 




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32 (^jjliS- ^Lp) aSUJ 



32 (J^^JiJL-..) JU^ ^yjL. 
36 (^bS ^U) o^' ^-> 

36 (^bs- ^u) o;L:ii i>;u 

136 (^y-lsai) l^ 

130 (_,Jw. ^l^) L;=^ 
95 (iljjl .iJUl.) Jp^J^i- 

20 Jp 

100 C^^-A'. Ji*) ^liiJy 

134 (?^^jLaJI a-jw "k^ j^) JJU^l (»J^ 



486 



169 (JaJ viULo) JWI ^^ 

168 ^^^LUJI |ij^_ ^ ^Lo 

133 c 125 (o^l J5L* J^ ^j ^^1 J5L* J^j j^ _ ^>J|) ^j">\ju 

339 ^.ijSui jll^ 
399 (ti_r-^ J^"^:^) Oc^W^ 

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t200 t99 t92 c75 ^Jli>-^ 

101 JlJ_jJ 






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176 tl74 c87 (J\^jj j>lj^l) OLijO^ 

339 (^Ujj ^-ir) 4^0^ 

120 ^^15"^ 

147 tl45 cl39 ^liJI ^^^15"^ 
103 c84 1 76 - 73 t71 (;>.>1 ^j>-) Ojjj^ 
84 t82 (L.^1 |_/-j>« JL>-I) (^Jjl5^l ^j^j_^ 



35 (^Ix^ ^U) c^.I^jI ^j 

52 Oj^l bj 



95 (Ji''j-'! i^^J-'-' '^Ji') ij-i-»^ i>^ -I'lil-i^. (jj jJ>L| 

195 . 194 (lij^. dU.) J.LI: ^ (.U.^, 



487 



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137 (Lii^ ^ (ijUw ^^) lli_^^ 

135 cl34 tl32 cl31 {{^ ;y\) '^liCJl' I3>^_ 

151 (!?;^l_;i iiJiiJl ,_^>) Jl1>JI li_^. 

398 i,^:^ (^U^U) ^^1 li^^ 

245 (lUuJi j^;>^j aj^^. LIp hSj>^ ^j) i^^Ul !jj^_ 

168 cl36 tl35 tl31 (Ltu ^1) ol;l^^. 

1 70 JJ^\ U^j. 

137 (Lii- ^^ OUw ^) (1)1:^^^ 

125 tl21 tll9 cll3 tUO c86 c84 c82 t79 c78 t76 t65 t63 ^y^^ ^jJ^yi^ 

336 tl73 tl66 4l51 < 132 

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109 (^^>JI ji) JjJ^\ jXSL.y\ 

239 tl43 t40 J^U^I 

163 - 160 (^yJl ^y>. j^) JjVl L>1 

169 JWI Ly.| 
19 (jU ^jy) J.^j\ ^1:^1 

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178 (^_yUjj j>I^O j_^_j^ u-^J^' 

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40 (^liS- ^U) ^Lii. jijl 

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278 LU^ 

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145 (jiiJuJ ^Uj^l ^UJI) ^^^ 



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